diff options
Diffstat (limited to '35190-h')
| -rw-r--r-- | 35190-h/35190-h.htm | 14784 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 35190-h/images/microline.png | bin | 0 -> 229 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 35190-h/images/torrent1.png | bin | 0 -> 1925 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 35190-h/images/torrent_i.png | bin | 0 -> 2561 bytes |
4 files changed, 14784 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/35190-h/35190-h.htm b/35190-h/35190-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9b81987 --- /dev/null +++ b/35190-h/35190-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,14784 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" +"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> + +<head> +<title>Torrent of Portyngale</title> +<meta http-equiv = "Content-Type" content = "text/html; charset=UTF-8" +/> + +<style type = "text/css"> + +body {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;} + +div.titlepage, div.intro, div.torrent, div.fragments, div.notes, +div.glossary {padding-top: 2em; border-top: 1px solid #999;} + +hr {width: 80%; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; +text-align: center;} +hr.mid {width: 40%;} +hr.small {width: 30%;} +hr.tiny {width: 20%;} +hr.micro {width: 10%;} + +sup {font-size: 50%; line-height: 50%;} + +a.tag, div.plainlink a.tag {text-decoration: none; +vertical-align: .3em; font-size: small; +padding-left: .25em; line-height: .1em;} +div.plainlink a {text-decoration: none; color: inherit; +background-color: inherit;} +h5 a {text-decoration: none;} + +h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {text-align: center; font-style: normal; +font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.5; margin-top: .5em; +margin-bottom: .5em;} + +h1 {font-size: 200%;} +h2 {font-size: 150%;} +h3 {font-size: 135%; margin-top: 2em; margin-bottom: 1em;} +h4 {font-size: 120%;} +div.intro h4 {margin-top: 2em;} +div.fragments h4 {margin-right: 33%; margin-top: 1em;} +h5 {font-size: 100%;} +div.intro h5 {margin-top: 1.5em; text-transform: lowercase; +font-variant: small-caps;} +div.notes h5 {text-align: left; font-weight: bold; margin-top: 1em;} +h6, .six {font-size: 85%;} + +p {margin-top: .5em; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: 1.2;} + +p.illustration {text-align: center; margin-top: 1em; +margin-bottom: 1em;} + +div.verse {margin: .5em 2em;} +div.linenote div.verse {margin-top: 0;} +div.verse p {margin-top: 0; margin-left: 4em; text-indent: -4em;} +div.verse p.indent {margin-left: 5em;} +p.verse {margin-left: 6em; text-indent: -4em;} + +p.center {text-align: center;} + +p.inset {margin-left: 2em;} + +div.titlepage p {line-height: 2em;} + +div.toc {margin: 1em 2em;} +div.toc p {margin-top: .25em; font-size: 92%;} +div.toc p.subhead {margin-top: 0; margin-left: 1.75em;} + +div.block p {margin-left: 2em; margin-right: 2em; font-size: 92%;} + +div.fragments p.subhead {margin-right: 33%; text-align: center;} + +div.glossary p {margin-top: .25em; margin-left: 2em; +text-indent: -2em;} +div.glossary p.letter {margin-top: 1em;} +div.glossary p.subhead {margin-top: 0; text-indent: -1em;} + +div.glossary div.mynote p {margin-top: .5em; margin-left: 0; +text-indent: 0;} + +/* footnotes */ + +p.footnote, div.footnote {margin: 1em 2em; font-size: 92%;} +div.footnote p {margin-top: .33em;} + + +/* main text */ + +p.headnote {margin: 1.5em 0 .5em -13%;} +span.headnote {padding: .5em 2em .4em; font-size: 80%; +border: 1px dotted #999;} + +p.linenote, div.linenote {clear: right; font-size: 88%; margin-top: 1em; +margin-right: 4em;} +p.linenote, div.linenote p {margin-left: 7em; text-indent: -1em;} +div.linenote p {margin-top: 0;} + +div.stanza {margin: 1em 25% 0 0;} +div.fragments div.stanza {margin-top: .5em;} + +div.stanza h5 {margin-right: 33%;} + +p.dots, span.fulldots {letter-spacing: .5em;} +span.dots {letter-spacing: .25em;} + +div.stanza p {margin-top: 0; margin-left: 6em; text-indent: -4em;} +div.stanza p.indent {text-indent: -3em;} + +span.linenum {position: absolute; right: 93%; text-align: right; +font-size: 83%; text-indent: 0; padding-top: .25em;} +span.linenum.halliwell {right: 92.5%; font-size: 75%;} +span.linenum.right {right: 3%;} + +span.sidenote {width: 32%; float: right; clear: right; +padding: .25em 0 .25em 1em; margin-left: 0; margin-right: -36%; +font-size: 88%;} +span.sidenote.folio {width: auto; margin-right: 0;} + + +/* tables */ + +table {margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; +margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; +font-size: inherit; font-family: inherit; border-collapse: collapse;} + +table.synopsis {margin-top: .5em; margin-bottom: .5em;} + +table.parallel td {width: 50%; padding: .25em 1em; font-size: 92%;} +table.parallel th {font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; +text-align: center;} +table.parallel span.linenum {float: right; padding-left: 1em; +padding-right: 0; text-indent: 0; width: auto;} +table.parallel p {line-height: normal; margin-top: 0; +margin-left: 2em; text-indent: -2em;} +table.parallel p.indent {text-indent: -1em;} + +td {vertical-align: top; text-align: left; padding: .1em;} + +div.titlepage td {padding: .5em;} + +td.center {text-align: center;} +td.right {text-align: right;} + + +/* text formatting */ + +span.smallroman {text-transform: lowercase; font-variant: small-caps;} +.smallcaps, span.firstword {font-variant: small-caps;} + +span.smaller {font-size: 88%;} +.smallest {font-size: 75%;} +span.larger {font-size: 110%;} + +span.extended {letter-spacing: 0.2em; margin-right: -.2em;} + + +/* correction popup */ + +ins.correction {text-decoration: none; border-bottom: thin dotted red;} + +/* page number */ + +span.pagenum {position: absolute; right: 2%; font-size: small; +font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-align: right; +text-indent: 0;} + +/* Transcriber's Note */ + +.mynote {background-color: #DDE; color: #000; +font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 90%;} + +div.mynote {margin: 1em 5%; padding: .5em 1em 1em;} +p.mynote {margin: 1em 5%; padding: 1em;} +div.mynote a {text-decoration: none;} + +div.endnote {padding: .5em 1em 1em; margin: 1em; border: 3px ridge #A9F; +font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 90%;} + +</style> +</head> + +<body> + + +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Torrent of Portyngale, by Unknown + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Torrent of Portyngale + +Author: Unknown + +Editor: Erich Adam + +Release Date: February 17, 2011 [EBook #35190] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: UTF-8 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK TORRENT OF PORTYNGALE *** + + + + +Produced by Louise Hope, Taavi Kalju and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +book was produced from scanned images of public domain +material from the Google Print project.) + + + + + + +</pre> + + +<div class = "fulltext"> +<!-- to fool validator --> + +<div class = "mynote"> +<p><a name = "start" id = "start">This text</a> includes characters that +require UTF-8 (Unicode) file encoding:</p> + +<p class = "inset"> +ȝ <i>yogh</i><br /> +ll̴ <i>double l with joining line, here shown as tilde</i><br /> +ŷ æ̂ <i>vowels with less common diacritics (rare)</i></p> + +<p>If any of these characters do not display properly, or if the +apostrophes and quotation marks in this paragraph appear as garbage, you +may have an incompatible browser or unavailable fonts. First, make sure +that the browser’s “character set” or “file encoding” is set to Unicode +(UTF-8). You may also need to change your browser’s default font.</p> + +<p>The main text is shown stanza by stanza. Sidenotes are shown in their +original position; linenotes and numbered footnotes (rare) are grouped +at the end of each stanza. Headnotes that originally came at mid-stanza +have been moved to the following stanza break.</p> + +<p>Errors and anomalies are marked in the text with <ins class = +"correction" title = "like this">mouse-hover popups</ins>. Typographic +details are given at the <a href = "#endnote">end of the e-text</a>. The +word “invisible” means that there is an appropriately sized blank space +or extra indentation, but the character (usually an open single quote) +is missing. Unusual spellings in the Sidenotes are probably attributable +to Frederick Furnivall; they are not individually noted.</p> + +<p>All brackets are in the original. Line numbers in brackets are +explained in the Introduction.</p> + +<p class = "center"> +<a href = "#intro">Introduction</a><br /> +<a href = "#torrent">Torrent of Portyngale</a><br /> +<a href = "#fragments">Fragments</a><br /> +<a href = "#notes">Notes</a><br /> +<a href = "#glossary">Glossary</a><br /> +<a href = "#names">Index of Names</a></p> + +<p><b>Links:</b> Throughout the book, links to line numbers generally +lead to the nearest multiple of 5 (printed number). Stanza numbers in +the Notes were added by the transcriber to aid in cross-linking. In +Sections 2 and 3 of the Introduction, <i>all</i> line numbers are active +links. To reduce visual chaos, link highlighting has been turned off. +This may be overridden by your personal browser settings.</p> + +</div> + +<div class = "titlepage"> + +<a name = "page_i" id = "page_i"> </a> + +<p class = "illustration"> +<img src = "images/torrent_i.png" width = "300" height = "41" +alt = "Torrent of Portyngale." title = "Torrent of Portyngale." /></p> + +<hr class = "tiny" /> + +<p class = "center"> +<span class = "larger"><b>Early English Text Society.</b></span><br /> +<b>Extra Series</b>, No. <span class = "smallroman">LI</span>.<br /> +1887.</p> + +<p> <br /> </p> + +<hr /> + +<p><a name = "page_ii" id = "page_ii"> </a></p> + +<table class = "smallest" summary = "formatted text"> +<tr> +<td>BERLIN:</td> +<td>ASHER & CO., 5, UNTER DEN LINDEN.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>NEW YORK:</td> +<td>C. SCRIBNER & CO.; LEYPOLDT & HOLT.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>PHILADELPHIA: </td> +<td>J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO.</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p> </p> + +<hr /> + +<p><a name = "page_iii" id = "page_iii"> </a></p> + +<h1>TORRENT OF PORTYNGALE.</h1> + +<p> </p> + +<p class = "illustration"> +<img src = "images/microline.png" width = "54" height = "6" +alt = "--" /></p> + +<p> <br /> </p> + +<p class = "center"> +<span class = "smaller">RE-EDITED</span></p> + +<p class = "center"> +FROM THE UNIQUE MS. IN THE CHETHAM LIBRARY,<br /> +MANCHESTER,</p> + +<h2 class = "six">BY</h2> + +<h2 class = "smallcaps">E. ADAM, Ph.D.</h2> + +<p> </p> + +<p class = "illustration"> +<img src = "images/microline.png" width = "54" height = "6" +alt = "--" /></p> + +<p> <br /> </p> + +<p class = "center"> +LONDON:<br /> +<span class = "smaller extended"> +PUBLISHT FOR THE EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY</span><br /> +BY N. TRÜBNER & CO., 57 & 59, LUDGATE HILL.</p> + +<hr class = "micro" /> + +<p class = "center"> +<span class = "smallest">MDCCCLXXXVII.</span></p> + +<p> </p> + +<hr /> + +<p><a name = "page_iv" id = "page_iv"> </a></p> + +<p class = "center"> +<span class = "smaller">DEDICATED<br /> +<span class = "extended">TO MY TEACHER AND HELPER</span>,</span><br /> +<span class = "smallcaps">PROF. E. KÖLBING, Ph.D.</span></p> + +<p> <br /> </p> + +<p class = "center"> +<b>Extra Series.</b><br /> +<span class = "smallroman">LI.</span></p> + +<hr class = "small" /> + +<p class = "center"> +<span class = "smallest"> +RICHARD CLAY & SONS, LIMITED, LONDON & BUNGAY.</span></p> + +</div> +<!-- end div titlepage --> + +<div class = "intro"> + +<p><span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_v" id = "page_v">v</a></span></p> + +<p class = "illustration"> +<img src = "images/torrent_i.png" width = "300" height = "41" +alt = "Torrent of Portyngale." title = "Torrent of Portyngale." /></p> + +<hr class = "tiny" /> + +<h3><a name = "intro" id = "intro">INTRODUCTION.</a></h3> + +<div class = "toc"> +<p>§ <a href = "#intro_1">1.</a> <i>The MS. and Halliwell’s edition</i>, +p. v.</p> + +<p>§ <a href = "#intro_2">2.</a> <i>Metre and Versification</i>, p. +vi.</p> + +<p>§ <a href = "#intro_3">3.</a> <i>Dialect</i>, <a href = "#page_x">p. +x</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>short vowels</i>, <a href = "#page_xi">p. xi</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>long vowels</i>, <a href = "#page_xii">p. xii</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>inflexions</i>, <a href = "#page_xiii">p. xiii</a>.</p> + +<p>§ <a href = "#intro_4">4.</a> a. <i>The contents of the Romance</i>, +<a href = "#page_xvi">p. xvi</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +b. <i>its character</i>, <a href = "#page_xx">p. xx</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +c. <i>Origin of the story of Torrent</i>, <a href = +"#page_xxi">p. xxi</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +d. <i>Legend of Eustache or Plasidas</i>, <a href = +"#page_xxii">p. xxii</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +e. <i>Sir Isumbras</i>, <a href = "#page_xxiv">p. xxiv</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +f. <i>Romances of Octavian</i>, <a href = +"#page_xxv">p. xxv</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +g. <i>Sir Eglamour</i>, <a href = "#page_xxvi">p. xxvi</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +h. <i>Comparison of Torrent and Eglamour</i>, <a href = +"#page_xxvii">p. xxvii</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +i. <i>the 2 Romances independent</i>, <a href = +"#page_xxx">p. xxx</a>.</p> + +<p>§ <a href = "#intro_5">5.</a> <i>Arrangement of this Edition</i>, p. +xxxii.</p> +</div> + +<p><a name = "intro_1" id = "intro_1" href = "#intro">§ 1.</a> <span +class = "firstword">The</span> manuscript from which the following +romance of <i>Sir Torrent of Portugal</i> is taken, is a folio volume on +paper, of the fifteenth century, preserved in the Chetham Library at +Manchester.</p> + +<p>A description of this volume is given by Halliwell in his <i>Account +of the European MSS. in the Chetham Library at Manchester</i>, +Manchester, 1842, page 16, and by Prof. Koelbing in his <i>Englische +Studien</i>, vii. 195. The only edition of this romance that we have +hitherto had was done by Halliwell. As he had, besides his own +transcript, another copy made by Madden, his text is a pretty accurate +one, and therefore the results of Prof. Koelbing’s collation, printed in +his <i>Englische Studien</i>, vii. 344 ff., concern, for the most part, +things of little importance, except one very curious passage, +l. 88, where Halliwell renders the quite correct reading of the +MS., <i>p la more de dewe</i> = <i>par l’amour de dieu</i>, by +<i>Pericula more bedew[n]e</i>. Also, from l. 1720, the counting of +the lines is wrong by 100 lines.</p> + +<p>A few short fragments of a printed edition were found by Halliwell in +the Douce Collection, Bodleian Library, Oxford, and added to his work as +an Appendix. They contain the following passages of the MS.:</p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_vi" id = "page_vi">vi</a></span> + +<table class = "synopsis" summary = "see text"> +<tr> +<td class = "center">Fragment</td> +<td class = "right">III. =</td> +<td class = "center"> lines</td> +<td>462–489.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "center">„</td> +<td class = "right">II. =</td> +<td class = "center">„</td> +<td>492–520.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "center">„</td> +<td class = "right">VI. =</td> +<td class = "center">„</td> +<td>820–851.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "center">„</td> +<td class = "right">V. =</td> +<td class = "center">„</td> +<td>917–948.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "center">„</td> +<td class = "right">IV. =</td> +<td class = "center">„</td> +<td>949–970.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "center">„</td> +<td class = "right">I. =</td> +<td class = "center">„</td> +<td>1807–1866.</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>A seventh fragment, of which not much more than the rhyming words are +preserved, was omitted by Halliwell, and was printed for the first time +in Prof. Koelbing’s collation.</p> + +<p>This Chetham MS. contains the romance in a very debased and corrupt +form, so that the original reading in many passages can hardly be +recognized.<a class = "tag" name = "tag1" id = "tag1" href = +"#note1">1</a> The scribe, who copied the poem from an older MS., lived +(no doubt) at a far later period than the poet; he did not therefore +understand a great many old expressions, and these he used to supplant +by words of his own; he also transposed and even omitted many lines, and +spoiled the rhyme, because he had not the slightest idea of the nature +of the stanza in which the poem is composed. Halliwell did not trouble +himself about the restoration of the true readings; he merely reproduced +the traditional text, even where it would have been very easy to do +more, though many passages are hopelessly corrupt; still worse is the +<ins class = "correction" title = "comma in original">fact,</ins> that +he did not recognize the metre as the tail-rhymed twelve-line stanza, +for he prints six-line stanzas.</p> + +<p>In consequence, the whole of the philological work on the text had +still to be done, and a new edition was plainly necessary; the more that +this poem, though not written in the best period of romance poetry, +treats of a legendary subject widely spread in the Middle Ages, and is +nearly related to another poem, <i>Syr Eglamour of Artois</i>.</p> + + +<h4><a name = "intro_2" id = "intro_2" href = "#intro">§ 2.</a> +METRE AND VERSIFICATION.</h4> + +<p class = "mynote"> +In this and the following section, all line numbers are active links. +To reduce visual chaos, link highlighting has been turned off. This may +be overridden by your personal browser settings.</p> + +<div class = "plainlink"> +<p>As I mentioned before, the romance of <i>Sir Torrent</i> is composed +in the well-known tail-rhymed twelve-line stanza, and belongs to that +class of it in which the first and the second couplets have different +rhyme-sounds (cf. Koelbing, <i>Amis and Amiloun</i>, p. xiv ff.). +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_vii" id = "page_vii">vii</a></span> +Only the incompleteness of many stanzas, and the many defects in +reference to the rhyme, can excuse Halliwell for not apprehending the +character of the metre. As to the structure of the eight lines of the +four couplets, each contains (or at least ought to contain) four +accents, the <i>caudæ</i> three; but as we, unfortunately, possess only +one MS., a conclusive statement on this point is impossible. There +is no doubt about the fact that neither the really incorrect rhymes nor +the wanting of them can be due to the author of the poem: even when +romance poetry was decaying, the poets were fairly perfect rhymers: with +all deficiencies in this department, the copyists are to be charged.</p> + +<p><i>Consonant</i> rhymes (s. <i>Schipper Altengl. Metrik</i>, +p. 299) are found in <i>Torrent</i> in the following passages: l. +<a href = "#line140">141</a> <i>rode—rode</i> ags. +<i>rôd—râd</i>. <a href = "#line450">450</a> <i>the—the</i> +ags. <i>þeón—þe</i>. <a href = "#line1555">1558</a> +<i>indede—dede</i>. <a href = "#line2205">2205</a> +<i>lay—lay</i>, <i>sg.—plr. prt.</i></p> + +<p><i>Identical</i> rhymes are frequent, especially in the <i>caudæ</i>: +<a href = "#line80">81</a> <i>stond—stond</i>. <a href = +"#line175">177</a> <i>there—there</i>. <a href = +"#line500">500</a> <i>he—hee</i>. <a href = "#line1885">1887</a> +<i>there—there</i>. <a href = "#line2535">2538</a> +<i>blithe—blithe</i>. <a href = "#line40">39</a> +<i>take—take</i>. <a href = "#line340">342</a> +<i>bold—bold</i>, a. s. o.</p> + +<p><i>Assonances</i>: <a href = "#line195">195</a> +<i>bon<sup>)</sup>—Rome</i>. <a href = "#line515">518</a> +<i>undyrstond—strong</i>. <a href = "#line535">537</a> +<i>name—alone</i>. <a href = "#line700">699</a> +<i>yod—fotte</i>. <a href = "#line755">758</a> +<i>name—tane</i>. <a href = "#line895">896</a> +<i>bryng—wynd</i>. <a href = "#line1255">1257</a> +<i>overcom<sup>)</sup>—Aragon<sup>)</sup></i>. <a href = +"#line1765">1768</a> <i>man<sup>)</sup>—cam<sup>)</sup></i>. +<a href = "#line2165">2164</a> <i>anon<sup>)</sup>—fome</i>. <a href += "#line2545">2544</a> <i>sithe—hide</i>.</p> + +<p>Besides the rhymes we find abundant alliteration, as in most of the +Middle English Romances. On alliteration, cf. Regel, Die alliteration in +Laȝamon, <i>Germ. Stud.</i> I. 171; F. Lindner, The alliteration in +Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales, <i>Essays on Chaucer</i>, Pt. III., +p. 197 ff. Koelbing, <i>Sir Tristrem</i>, p. xxxvii, and +<i>Amis and Amiloun</i>, p. lxvi. Lindner as well as Koelbing has +adopted Regel’s classification, and so shall I. The most frequent +is two alliterative words in one verse; they can be classed in the +following way:—</p> + +<p>I. A. The same word is repeated in two succeeding lines; v. <a href = +"#line455">456 f.</a>: <i>Forthe sche browght a <b>whyt</b> sted, As +<b>whyt</b> as the flowyr in<sup>)</sup> med</i>; v. <a href = +"#line615">618 f.</a>: <i>In IV <b>quarters</b> he hym drowe, And euery +<b>quarter</b> vppon a bowe</i>. v. <a href = "#line2025">2026 f.</a>: +<i>But ran into a <b>wilde</b>rnes Amongist beests that <b>wyld</b> +wes</i>. v. <a href = "#line2465">2465 f.</a>: <i>They axid <b>hors</b> +and armes bryght, to <b>hors</b>bak went thay in ffere</i>.</p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_viii" id = "page_viii">viii</a></span> +<p>B. <i>Alliterative combinations, one part of which is a proper +name.</i> <i>Torrent</i> is several times combined with the verb +<i>take</i>; <a href = "#line25">26</a>: <i>Towarde hym he +<b>t</b>akythe <b>T</b>orrayne</i>; <a href = "#line225">224</a>: +<i><b>T</b>orrent thether <b>t</b>oke the way</i>; <a href = +"#line520">519</a>: <i><b>T</b>orrent <b>t</b>oke a dulful wey</i>; +<a href = "#line2270">2269</a>: <i>Whan sir <b>T</b>orent was +<b>t</b>akyn<sup>)</sup> than<sup>)</sup></i>; <a href = +"#line90">91</a>: <i>Now, be my <b>t</b>rowthe, seyd <b>T</b>orent +than<sup>)</sup></i>; <a href = "#line1160">1161</a>: <i>Alas, said +<b>D</b>esonell̴ the <b>d</b>ere</i>; <a href = "#line2520">2523</a>: +<i>As was <b>d</b>ame <b>D</b>esonell̴</i>; <a href = +"#line1905">1906</a> = <a href = "#line1945">1946</a> = <a href = +"#line1970">1969</a>: <i><b>M</b>ary <b>m</b>yld. To <b>s</b>end unto +her <b>S</b>athanas.</i> v. <a href = "#line1090">1091</a>: <i>The +<b>c</b>astell̴ of <b>C</b>ardon<sup>)</sup>.</i></p> + +<p>II. A. <i>Words of the same root are alliterative.</i> <a href = +"#line130">133</a>: <i>Torrent, on <b>kne</b> <b>kne</b>lyd he</i>; +<a href = "#line670">671</a>: <i>That on hys <b>kne</b> he +<b>kne</b>ld</i>; <a href = "#line2500">2502</a>: <i>And <b>kne</b>lid +on her <b>kne</b></i>; <a href = "#line205">205</a>: <i>Torrent +<b>kne</b>lyd on hys <b>kne</b></i> = v. <a href = "#line525">528</a>; +<a href = "#line880">881</a>: <i>And <b>kne</b>lyd vppon ys +<b>kne</b></i>; <a href = "#line1880">1883</a>: <i>She <b>kne</b>lid +down<sup>)</sup> vppon<sup>)</sup> her <b>kne</b></i>; <a href = +"#line2560">2563</a>: <i>Down<sup>)</sup> they <b>kne</b>lid +on<sup>)</sup> her <b>kne</b></i>; <a href = "#line510">512</a>: <i>By +<b>d</b>ymmynge of the <b>da</b>y</i>; <a href = "#line1155">1158</a>: +<i>For her love <b>d</b>id I never no <b>d</b>ede</i>; <a href = +"#line1800">1801</a>: <i>That ylke <b>d</b>ede, that she hath +<b>d</b>one</i>; <a href = "#line1940">1943</a>: <i>How she <b>fl</b>ew +in a <b>ffl</b>ight</i>; <a href = "#line2385">2384</a>: <i><b>Liffe</b> +and <b>lyv</b>elode, whill̴ I <b>lyve</b></i>; <a href = +"#line230">233</a>: <i>A <b>lyon<sup>)</sup></b> & a +<b>lyon</b>asse</i>; <a href = "#line1670">1671</a>: <i>For to <b>s</b>e +that <b>s</b>elly <b>s</b>ight</i>; <a href = "#line405">407</a>: <i>For +the <b>t</b>alles thou hast me <b>t</b>old</i>; <a href = +"#line1465">1466</a>: <i>And fals <b>t</b>alis hym<sup>)</sup> +<b>t</b>old</i>; <a href = "#line2575">2578</a>: <i>Euer we <b>will̴</b> +be at youre <b>will̴</b></i>.</p> + +<p>B. Relations in which alliterative words stand to each other +according to their meaning.</p> + +<p><i>a.</i> Concrete ideas are joined together because they belong to +the same sphere of life. <a href = "#line2015">2017</a>: +<i><b>B</b>yrdus and <b>b</b>estis, aye woo ye be</i>; <a href = +"#line110">113</a>: <i><b>b</b>one and <b>b</b>lod</i>; <a href = +"#line20">21</a>: <i><b>k</b>yng and <b>k</b>nyght</i>; <a href = +"#line80">83</a>: <i>And ryche <b>c</b>astelles in that +<b>c</b>ontre</i>; <a href = "#line250">251</a>: <i>In lond with a +<b>f</b>yndes <b>f</b>ere</i>; <a href = "#line100">102</a>: <i>That +<b>f</b>yndes <b>f</b>are for aye</i>; <a href = "#line1095">1094</a>: +<i>Both at <b>k</b>nyght and <b>k</b>nave</i>; <a href = +"#line585">584</a>: <i>Bothe in<sup>)</sup> <b>f</b>rethe and in +<b>f</b>eld</i>; <a href = "#line660">660</a>: <i>Stomlyng thurrow +<b>f</b>rythe and <b>f</b>en<sup>)</sup></i>; <a href = +"#line1375">1378</a>: <i>Both be <b>h</b>old and be <b>h</b>yll̴</i>; +<a href = "#line2395">2398</a>: <i><b>l</b>ym<sup>)</sup> and +<b>l</b>ith</i>; <a href = "#line750">750</a>: <i><b>L</b>ytyll̴ and +<b>m</b>ykyll̴, <b>l</b>ese and <b>m</b>ore</i>; <a href = +"#line1900">1899</a>: <i>That was <b>l</b>ord of all̴ that +<b>l</b>ond</i>; <a href = "#line2150">2152</a>: <i>Loo, <b>l</b>ordys +of euery <b>l</b>ond</i>; <a href = "#line2375">2375</a>: <i>With all̴ +<b>m</b>aner of <b>m</b>ynstralsye</i>; <a href = "#line150">149</a>: +<i>He reynyd hys <b>st</b>ed vnto a <b>st</b>ake</i>; <a href = +"#line1065">1065</a>: <i><b>W</b>aytes on the <b>w</b>all̴ gan +blowe</i>; <a href = "#line10">13</a>: <i><b>w</b>ater and +<b>w</b>ynde</i>.</p> + +<p><i>b.</i> In the same way abstract ideas are connected, so far as +they belong to the same sphere of life. <a href = "#line460">460</a>: +<i>That <b>d</b>ethe ys <b>d</b>ynt schalt þou not thole</i>; <a href = +"#line1600">1600</a>: <i>Of <b>d</b>eth yaue he no <b>d</b>out</i>; +<a href = "#line780">782</a> = <a href = "#line2060">2062</a>: +<i><b>f</b>eyer and <b>f</b>re</i>; <a href = "#line2150">2153</a>: +<i><b>F</b>alshode wyll̴ haue a <b>f</b>oule end</i>; <a href = +"#line1985">1988</a>: <i><b>H</b>elpe +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_ix" id = "page_ix">ix</a></span> +and <b>h</b>old I shall̴ hym yeve</i>; <a href = "#line1490">1492</a>: +<i>They <b>s</b>at and <b>s</b>ong</i>; <a href = "#line680">683</a>: +<i>Cryst hym <b>s</b>aue and <b>s</b>ee</i>; <a href = +"#line1300">1303</a>: <i>That he was <b>s</b>ad and <b>s</b>ore</i>; +<a href = "#line1610">1612</a>: <i>set <b>s</b>adly and <b>s</b>ore</i>; +<a href = "#line335">335</a>: <i>God that <b>s</b>ofryd wonddes +<b>s</b>ore</i>; <a href = "#line320">322</a>: <i><b>st</b>yff and +<b>st</b>rong</i> = <a href = "#line1490">1491</a> = <a href = +"#line2590">2590</a>; <a href = "#line1205">1205</a>: <i>That +<b>w</b>ekyd was and <b>w</b>ight</i>; <a href = "#line1585">1584</a>: +<i><b>w</b>ekyd and <b>w</b>ight</i>; <a href = "#line1850">1849</a>: +<i>Her one child <b>w</b>oke and be-gan to <b>w</b>epe</i>; <a href = +"#line1560">1559</a>: <i>And <b>w</b>ot ye <b>w</b>ell̴ and not +<b>w</b>ene</i>; <a href = "#line245">246</a>: <i>Sche +<b>w</b>eppte</i>, <i>as sche were <b>w</b>od</i>.</p> + +<p>C. The grammatical relations in which the alliterative words stand to +each other.</p> + +<p><i>a.</i> Subst. and adj. in attributive or predicative combinations. +<i>As <b>b</b>old as eny <b>b</b>ore</i>; <i>With <b>br</b>owes +<b>br</b>od and wyde</i>; <a href = "#line140">142</a>: <i>hys +<b>b</b>ugell̴ <b>b</b>old</i>; <a href = "#line305">307</a>: <i>In a +<b>d</b>ongon<sup>)</sup> that ys <b>d</b>ym</i>; <a href = +"#line80">82</a>: <i>My <b>f</b>ayer<sup>)</sup> <b>f</b>orestes +<b>f</b>ellythe downe he</i>; <a href = "#line210">209</a>: <i>The +<b>f</b>eyer<sup>)</sup> <b>f</b>yld</i>; <a href = "#line425">426</a>: +<i><b>gl</b>emyrryng ase the <b>gl</b>ase</i>; <a href = +"#line1590">1592</a>: <i><b>g</b>ood <b>g</b>ate</i>; <a href = +"#line170">171</a> = <a href = "#line595">596</a>: <i>the <b>h</b>oltes +<b>h</b>ore</i>; <a href = "#line1485">1484</a>: <i>To an <b>h</b>ye +<b>h</b>yll̴</i>; <a href = "#line1180">1183</a>: <i><b>s</b>ydes +<b>s</b>are</i>; <a href = "#line155">154</a>: <i>Thowe the <b>w</b>ey +nevyr so <b>w</b>ykkyd were</i>; <a href = "#line2055">2054</a>: +<i><b>w</b>ekyd <b>w</b>eders</i>; <a href = "#line505">506</a>: <i>In +the <b>w</b>yld-some <b>w</b>ay</i>; <a href = "#line535">535</a>: +<i><b>W</b>yldsom <b>w</b>eyes haue I <b>w</b>ent</i>; <a href = +"#line2030">2030</a>: <i>She <b>w</b>ent on that +<b>w</b>ilsom<sup>)</sup> <b>w</b>ay</i>.</p> + +<p><i>b.</i> Verbs or adjectives combined with the adverb or substantive +which contains their secondary adverbial meaning. <a href = +"#line1475">1478</a>: <i>To <b>b</b>e here at his <b>b</b>ane</i>, cf. +<a href = "#line1675">1678</a>: <i>That there his <b>b</b>ane hath +<b>b</b>e</i>; <a href = "#line1945">1944</a>: <i>To her <b>b</b>irdus +was she <b>b</b>oun<sup>)</sup></i>; <a href = "#line2015">2016</a>: +<i>With <b>b</b>lis on euery <b>b</b>owȝe</i>; <a href = +"#line135">135</a>: <i>That <b>b</b>owght hym with hys <b>b</b>lod</i>; +<a href = "#line1045">1045</a>: <i>Thurrow the <b>b</b>ody he gan hym +<b>b</b>ere</i>; <a href = "#line1405">1404</a>: <i>To the <b>b</b>ote +they <b>b</b>are</i>; <a href = "#line335">334</a>: <i>Thus he +<b>c</b>ovyrd owt of <b>c</b>are</i>; <a href = "#line25">27</a>: +<i>That <b>d</b>owghtty ys in <b>d</b>edde</i>, cf. <a href = +"#line1725">1725</a>; <a href = "#line95">98</a>: <i>With-owt +<b>f</b>ere that he schold <b>f</b>are</i>; <a href = "#line600">603</a> += <a href = "#line975">977</a>: <i>Also <b>f</b>ast ase he myght +<b>f</b>are</i>; <a href = "#line535">536</a>: <i>With <b>f</b>yndes for +to <b>f</b>yght</i>; <a href = "#line800">802</a>: <i>To <b>f</b>yght +with that <b>f</b>yndes <b>f</b>ere</i>; <a href = "#line1260">1262</a>: +<i>That was <b>gr</b>ow both <b>gr</b>ene and <b>g</b>ay</i>; <a href = +"#line1060">1060</a> = <a href = "#line2330">2330</a>: <i>Torent be the +<b>h</b>ond he <b>h</b>ent</i>; <a href = "#line270">270</a>: <i>That +<b>m</b>eche ys of <b>m</b>yght</i>; <a href = "#line710">713</a>: +<i>That <b>m</b>eche wase of <b>m</b>yght</i>; <a href = +"#line25">24</a>: <i>For God ys <b>m</b>ost of <b>m</b>yght</i>, cf. +<a href = "#line1110">1112</a>: <i>To a <b>m</b>an off <b>m</b>yght</i>; +<a href = "#line1880">1879</a>: <i>Vp she <b>r</b>ose ageyn<sup>)</sup> the +<b>r</b>ough</i>; <a href = "#line2100">2100</a>: <i>Go <b>s</b>ech her +in<sup>)</sup> the <b>s</b>ee</i>; <a href = "#line2130">2129</a>: +<i>And <b>s</b>ett hym<sup>)</sup> oute in to the <b>s</b>ee</i>; +<a href = "#line2470">2469</a>: <i>That <b>s</b>emely to <b>s</b>e +were</i>; <a href = "#line125">126</a>: <i>And <b>s</b>ymly was to +<b>s</b>ene</i>; <a href = "#line415">415</a>: <i>That dare I +<b>s</b>othely <b>s</b>ey</i>; <a href = "#line1170">1170</a>: +<i>Torrent <b>s</b>ett on hym<sup>)</sup> so <b>s</b>ore</i>; <a href = +"#line140">139</a>: <i>Serttes, yf I hym <b>sl</b>epyng +<b>sl</b>one</i>; <a href = "#line180">181</a>: <i>Torrent vndyr hys +<b>sp</b>ryt he <b>sp</b>rent</i>; <a href = "#line180">179</a>: <i>But +<b>st</b>ond <b>st</b>yll̴</i>; <a href = "#line2410">2410</a>: <i>He is +so <b>st</b>iff at euery <b>st</b>oure</i>; +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_x" id = "page_x">x</a></span> +<a href = "#line985">987</a>: <i>Torrent in<sup>)</sup> the +<b>st</b>orrope <b>st</b>od</i>; <a href = "#line1910">1912</a>: <i>For +no <b>st</b>roke wold she <b>st</b>ynt</i>; <a href = +"#line2060">2060</a>: <i>By a <b>t</b>okyn<sup>)</sup> I shall̴ the +<b>t</b>ell̴</i>; <a href = "#line2395">2397</a>: <i>Or <b>w</b>alkyd in +<b>w</b>ede</i>; <a href = "#line380">383</a>: <i>In hys <b>w</b>alke +ther ase he <b>w</b>ent</i>; <a href = "#line725">725</a>: <i>And +<b>w</b>ent forthe on hys <b>w</b>ey</i>; <a href = "#line105">107</a>: +<i>And on hys <b>w</b>ey gan he <b>w</b>ynd</i>; <a href = +"#line2030">2030</a>: <i>She <b>w</b>ent on that +<b>w</b>ilsom<sup>)</sup> <b>w</b>ay</i>; <a href = "#line990">989</a>: +<i>ale <b>w</b>yld at <b>w</b>yle</i>; <a href = "#line2085">2088</a>: +<i>In no <b>w</b>ise he <b>w</b>old</i>; <a href = "#line1205">1206</a>: +<i>To <b>w</b>ed her to my <b>w</b>yffe</i>; <a href = +"#line750">749</a>: <i>That <b>w</b>yt ys vndyr <b>w</b>ede</i>; <a href += "#line1315">1315</a>: <i>All̴ men <b>w</b>onderid on that +<b>w</b>ight</i>; <a href = "#line30">33</a>: <i><b>w</b>orthyest in +<b>w</b>ede</i>.</p> + +<p><i>c.</i> Substantives and verbs are combined in the relation of +subject and predicate. <a href = "#line2220">2221</a>: <i>Down +<b>kn</b>elid that <b>kn</b>yght</i>; <a href = "#line855">854</a>: +<i>Whether the <b>f</b>ynd can <b>f</b>yght</i>; <a href = +"#line2390">2390</a>: <i>There that his <b>l</b>ady <b>l</b>ent</i>; +<a href = "#line2065">2064</a>: <i>My <b>l</b>ove was on the +<b>l</b>ent</i>; <a href = "#line1220">1219</a>: <i>Gret <b>l</b>ordys +to churche her <b>l</b>ed</i>; <a href = "#line170">170</a>: <i>The +fyndes <b>sp</b>ere <b>sp</b>arrythe hyme nothyng</i>; <a href = +"#line85">84</a>: <i>No <b>st</b>on lettythe he <b>st</b>ond</i>.</p> + +<p><i>d.</i> Verbs and substantives are combined as predicate and +object. <a href = "#line2490">2490</a>: <i>his <b>b</b>ak to +<b>b</b>end</i>; <a href = "#line2530">2532</a>: <i>That <b>c</b>outh +moche <b>c</b>urtesye</i>; <a href = "#line270">273</a>: <i>Thy +<b>d</b>ethe than wyll̴ he <b>d</b>yght</i>, cf. <a href = +"#line1040">1043</a>: <i>Hys <b>d</b>ethe to hyme ys <b>d</b>yght</i>; +<a href = "#line1645">1648</a>: <i>Thy <b>d</b>eth now is +<b>d</b>ight</i>; <a href = "#line2120">2123</a>: <i>What <b>d</b>eth +they wold hym <b>d</b>o</i>; <a href = "#line160">161</a>: <i>My lordes +<b>f</b>rethe thus to <b>f</b>ell̴</i>; <a href = "#line2235">2235</a>: +<i><b>F</b>ound hym his <b>fi</b>ll̴ off <b>ffy</b>ght</i>; <a href = +"#line1740">1743</a>: <i>The <b>ff</b>orward ye to +<b>f</b>ulleffylle</i>; <a href = "#line650">651</a>: <i>He +<b>g</b>athyred svm of hys <b>g</b>ere</i>; <a href = +"#line210">210</a>: <i>Vpp both his <b>h</b>andes he <b>h</b>eld</i>; +<a href = "#line1800">1799</a>: <i>For Iesu is love, that <b>h</b>arood +<b>h</b>ell̴</i>; <a href = "#line1820">1820</a>: <i>Whan they +<b>l</b>ed that <b>l</b>ady ffre</i>; <a href = "#line2080">2080</a>: +<i><b>L</b>eve we now that <b>l</b>ady gent</i>; <a href = +"#line1660">1663</a>: <i>Ech on other <b>l</b>aid good <b>l</b>ode</i>; +<a href = "#line1495">1495</a>: <i>To god that <b>m</b>ade +<b>m</b>an</i>; <a href = "#line435">435</a>: <i>A gret +<b>m</b>aynerey let he <b>m</b>ake ryght</i>; <a href = +"#line265">264</a>: <i>To hym sche <b>m</b>ad here <b>m</b>one</i>; +<a href = "#line645">645</a>: <i>He <b>r</b>awght Torrent soche a +<b>r</b>owght</i>; <a href = "#line1170">1172</a>: <i>And all̴ to +<b>sh</b>everd his <b>sh</b>eld</i>; <a href = "#line500">502</a>: +<i>Tho he <ins class = "correction" title = "body text has ‘be-strod a noble’">be +<b>st</b>rod anoble</ins> <b>st</b>ede</i>; <a href = +"#line2480">2482</a>: <i>Torent <ins class = "correction" title = +"body text has hyphenated ‘be-strode’">be <b>str</b>ode</ins> a stede +<b>str</b>ong</i>; <a href = "#line280">281</a>: <i>I schall̴ the +<b>t</b>ell̴ soche a <b>t</b>okyn<sup>)</sup></i>; <a href = +"#line2010">2013</a>: <i>Ne <b>w</b>anted she no <b>w</b>oo</i>; <a href += "#line115">115</a>: <i>He that schall̴ <b>w</b>end soche a +<b>w</b>ey</i>; <a href = "#line440">439</a>: <i>Hom-ward to <b>w</b>end +ther <b>w</b>ey</i>; <a href = "#line2445">2448</a>: <i>And +than<sup>)</sup> to <b>w</b>end her <b>w</b>ay</i>; <a href = +"#line2455">2457</a>: <i>And to her logyng <b>w</b>ent her +<b>w</b>ay</i>; <a href = "#line1545">1544</a>: <i>Other <b>w</b>ayes yf +I <b>w</b>end</i>; <a href = "#line205">207</a>: <i>That hathe thys +<b>w</b>orld to <b>w</b>yld</i>.</p> +</div> + +<h4><a name = "intro_3" id = "intro_3" href = "#intro">§ 3.</a> THE +DIALECT.</h4> + +<p>The stanza of twelve lines was probably first employed in the north +of England; at least it would be difficult to prove the existence +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_xi" id = "page_xi">xi</a></span> +of a poem composed in this metre in the southern part of the country; +therefore it is beforehand probable that the romance of <i>Torrent</i> +was composed either in some part of the Midlands or in the North. In +order to determine the dialect more precisely, we restrict ourselves to +a careful consideration of the rhymes.</p> + +<div class = "plainlink"> +<h5>1. SHORT VOWELS.</h5> + +<p>Old English <i>ă</i> is (1) preserved before <i>n</i> and <i>m</i>: +<a href = "#line745">744</a> and <a href = "#line785">788</a> +<i>Iame—<b>name</b></i>. <a href = "#line925">927</a> +<i>Adryan—<b>jentylmane</b></i>. <a href = "#line10">13</a> +<i><b>londe</b>—<b>wonande</b></i>. <a href = "#line350">352</a> +<i><b>stond</b>—<b>lygand</b></i>. <a href = "#line1125">1128</a> +<i><b>stond</b>—<b>shynand</b></i>. No part. pres. <ins class = +"correction" title = "printed ‘on-/{ond}’ at line break: error for ‘{onond}’?">on-<i>ond</i></ins> +rhyming with an unvariable <i>-ond</i> +has been traced out until now, but <a href = "#line1825">1824</a> +<i><b>wepand</b>—wonde</i> (ags. <i>wunden</i>) seems to be the +first. 2. Changed into <i>o</i>. <a href = "#line515">516</a> +<i>rome—<b>frome</b></i> ags. <i>rûm—fram</i>. <a href = +"#line2445">2446</a> <i><b>mon<sup>)</sup></b>—done</i>. <a href = +"#line1190">1190</a> +<i>none—shone—<b>anon</b>—done</i>. <a href = +"#line1255">1257</a> <i><b>ouercom</b>—Aragon<sup>)</sup></i>. +<a href = "#line1990">1989</a> <i>son—<b>can</b></i> +(= <i><b>con</b></i>). <a href = "#line2040">2040</a> +<i><b>anon<sup>)</sup></b>—bone</i>. A curious exception is +<a href = "#line1930">1929</a> <i><b>grame</b> +(= greme)—teme—Ierusalem</i>; cf. <i>Gaw.</i> l. +<a href = "#line310">312</a>.</p> + +<p>O.E. <i>e</i>, the <i>i</i>-umlaut of <i>a</i>, is preserved: <a href += "#line370">373</a> <i>end—<b>wend</b></i>. <a href = +"#line475">476</a> <i><b>went</b>—jent</i>. <a href = +"#line925">924</a> <i>tell̴—<b>hell</b></i>. <a href = +"#line1700">1702</a> <i><b>hell</b>—Desonell̴e</i>. <a href = +"#line1795">1798</a> <i>fell̴—<b>hell̴</b></i>. The past partic. +of <i>seón</i>, <i>segen</i>, has been contracted into <i>sen</i>. +<a href = "#line1560">1562</a> <i><b>sene</b>—wene</i>.</p> + +<p>O.E. <i>æ</i> has become <i>a</i>: <a href = "#line45">45</a> +<i><b>spake</b>—take</i>. <a href = "#line360">363</a> +<i>ffare—<b>bare</b></i>. <a href = "#line725">726</a> and <a href += "#line875">876</a> <i><b>sale</b>—Portynggall̴e</i>. <a href = +"#line1075">1074</a> <i>passe—<b>was</b></i>. <a href = +"#line1130">1131</a> <i><b>sale</b>—tale</i>. <a href = +"#line1230">1233</a> <i><b>thare</b>—fare</i>. <a href = +"#line1235">1236</a> <i><b>was</b>—Sathanas</i>. <a href = +"#line1400">1399</a> <i>care—<b>thare</b></i>. <a href = +"#line2285">2287</a> <i><b>was</b>—alas</i>.</p> + +<p><i>æ</i> has become <i>e</i>: <a href = "#line2025">2026</a> +<i>wildernes—<b>was</b></i>. <a href = "#line765">764</a> +<i>derre—clere—<b>ware</b></i> (ags. <i>wær</i>). <a href = +"#line1950">1951</a> <i><b>there</b>—bere</i>. <a href = +"#line325">328</a> <i><b>glad</b></i> +(= <i>gled</i>)—<i>redd</i>.</p> + +<p><i>æ</i> has become <i>ay</i> by the vocalization of the following +<i>g</i>: <a href = "#line25">25</a> <i><b>fayne</b>—Torrayne</i>. +<a href = "#line1025">1025</a> <i><b>may</b>—<b>day</b></i>, +<i><b>wey</b>—<b>laye</b></i>. <a href = "#line1070">1071</a> +<i><b>say</b>—<b>day</b></i>. <a href = "#line2030">2029</a> +<i><b>day</b>—<b>way</b></i>.</p> + +<p>O.E. <i>ea</i> becomes <i>o</i> before <i>ld</i>: <a href = +"#line300">303</a> <i><b>hold</b>—<b>bold</b></i>, <i>fold</i> +(ags. <i>folde</i>)—<i><b>cold</b></i>. <a href = +"#line420">422</a> <i>gold—mold, +<b>hold</b>—<b>told</b></i>.</p> + +<p><i>ea</i> has become <i>a</i>: <a href = "#line400">399</a> +<i>Portyngall̴—<b>bale</b></i> (ags. <i>bealu</i>). <a href = +"#line530">531</a> <i><b>care</b>—far<sup>)</sup></i> (ags. +<i>cearu</i>). <a href = "#line1890">1891</a> +<i>ffare—<b>care</b></i>.</p> + +<p><i>ea</i> has become <i>e</i>: <a href = "#line1165">1166</a> +<i>beheld—feld—sheld—<b>weld</b></i> (ags. +<i>wealdan</i>). <a href = "#line2360">2359</a> +<i>preste—<b>breste</b></i> (ags. <i>bearst</i>).</p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_xii" id = "page_xii">xii</a></span> +<p>O.E. <i>eo</i> has turned into <i>e</i>: <a href = +"#line1165">1166</a> +<i><b>beheld</b>—ffeld—sheld—weld</i>.</p> + +<p>O.E. <i>ĭ</i> is preserved as <i>i</i> and <i>y</i>: <a href = +"#line50">51</a> <i><b>knyght</b>—<b>nyght</b></i>. <a href = +"#line305">307</a> <i><b>dym</b>—<b>hym</b></i>. <a href = +"#line1780">1783</a> <i><b>myld</b>—<b>child</b></i>. Only once +this vowel has changed into <i>e</i>: <a href = "#line715">714</a> +<i><b>wret</b>—get</i>. <i>i</i> rhymes with <i>e</i>: <a href = +"#line5">3</a> <i>wynde—ende—lende—ffynde</i>.</p> + +<p>O.E. <i>ŏ</i> is unaltered: <a href = "#line420">422</a> +<i><b>gold</b>—<b>mold</b></i>. <a href = "#line1120">1122</a> +<i><b>gold</b>—<b>mold</b></i>.</p> + +<p>O.E. <i>ŭ</i> has become <i>o</i>: <a href = "#line365">367</a> +<i><b>dore</b></i> (ags. <i>duru</i>)—<i>befor<sup>)</sup></i>. +<a href = "#line765">765</a> +<i>Aragon<sup>)</sup>—<b>son<sup>)</sup></b></i>. <a href = +"#line1255">1257</a> <i><b>ouer com</b>—Aragon<sup>)</sup></i>. +<a href = "#line1760">1762</a> <i><b>com<sup>)</sup></b>—kyngdome</i>. +<a href = "#line1800">1801</a> <i>done—<b>sonne</b></i> (ags. +<i>sunu</i>). <a href = "#line2320">2320</a> +<i><b>sonne</b>—dungeon</i>.</p> + +<p>O.E. <i>y̆</i>, the <i>i</i>-umlaut of <i>ŭ</i>, has the value of +<i>i</i>, written <i>i</i> or <i>y</i>: <a href = "#line390">390</a> +<i><b>kysse</b>—iwysse</i>. <a href = "#line1565">1564</a> +<i>till̴—<b>fullefyll̴</b></i>, <i>yll̴—wyll̴</i>. <a href = +"#line1740">1740</a> <i>evyll̴—<b>fulle fylle</b></i>. Only once +it rhymes with <i>e</i>: <a href = "#line1485">1484</a> +<i><b>hyll̴</b></i> +(= <i><b>hell̴</b></i>)—<i>yell̴—befell̴—well̴</i>, +never with <i>u</i>.</p> + + +<h5>2. LONG VOWELS.</h5> + +<p>O.E. <i>â</i> is preserved in the following rhymes:<a class = "tag" +name = "tag2" id = "tag2" href = "#note2">2</a> <i>a.</i> <a href = +"#line40">39</a> <i>take—<b>stroke</b></i> (= <i>strake</i>, +ags. <i>strâc</i>), <i>spake—take</i>. <a href = "#line95">97</a> +<i><b>sore</b>—fare</i>. <a href = "#line100">103</a> +<i><b>goos</b>—<b>takythe</b></i> (= <i>gas—tas</i>). +<a href = "#line280">280</a> +<i>wakyn<sup>)</sup>—<b>tokyn</b><sup>)</sup></i> (ags. +<i>tâcen</i>). <a href = "#line335">334</a> +<i>care—<b>sore</b></i>. <a href = "#line590">590</a> +<i>fare—wher</i>, <i><b>hore</b>—care</i>. <a href = +"#line705">705</a> <i>fare—<b>gere</b></i> (ags. <i>gâr</i>). +<a href = "#line785">788</a> <i>Iame—name</i>, +<i><b>bone</b>—schame</i>. <a href = "#line835">834</a> +<i><b>ga</b>—ma</i>. <a href = "#line975">977</a> +<i>fare—bare</i>, <i><b>sare</b>—chaffare</i>. <a href = +"#line1140">1143</a> <i>glade—<b>rade</b></i>. <a href = +"#line1235">1238</a> <i>Cate—gate</i>, +<i>bad—<b>wott</b></i> (ags. <i>wât</i>). <a href = +"#line1250">1251</a> <i><b>brod</b>—made</i>; +cf. <a href = "#line1300">1303</a>, <a href = "#line1305">1306</a>, +<a href = "#line1500">1501</a>, <a href = "#line1525">1526</a>, +<a href = "#line1605">1604</a>, <a href = "#line1610">1612</a>, +<a href = "#line1660">1663</a>, <a href = "#line1670">1669</a>, +<a href = "#line1825">1825</a>, <a href = "#line1910">1911</a>, +<a href = "#line2175">2178</a>, <a href = "#line2355">2356</a>, +<a href = "#line2615">2617</a>.</p> + +<p><i>b.</i> O.E. <i>â</i> has changed into <i>o</i>: <a href = +"#line15">16</a> <i>sone</i> (ags. <i>sunu</i>)—<i><b>gon</b></i>. +<a href = "#line140">141</a> <i>rode—<b>rode</b></i> (ags. +<i>rôd—râd</i>). <a href = "#line195">195</a> <i><b>bon</b></i> +(ags. <i>bân</i>)—<i>Rome</i>. <a href = "#line235">238</a> +<i><b>wote</b></i> (ags. <i>wât</i>)—<i>fote</i>. <a href = +"#line655">654</a> <i>browȝ—<b>goo</b></i>. <a href = +"#line1060">1062</a> <i><b>tho</b>—do</i>. +Cf. <a href = "#line1195">1196</a>, <a href = "#line1225">1226</a>, +<a href = "#line1295">1295</a>, <a href = "#line1380">1381</a>, +<a href = "#line1810">1809</a>, <a href = "#line1810">1812</a>, +<a href = "#line1815">1815</a>, <a href = "#line2010">2013</a>, +<a href = "#line2025">2025</a>, <a href = "#line2025">2028</a>, +<a href = "#line2035">2037</a>, <a href = "#line2045">2046</a>, +<a href = "#line2295">2295</a>, <a href = "#line2295">2298</a>, +<a href = "#line2300">2301</a>, <a href = "#line2540">2542</a>. The +result is, that in 26 cases old <i>â</i> is preserved, in 22 cases +changed into <i>ô</i>.</p> + +<p>O.E. <i>æ̂</i> is turned into (1) <i>a</i>: <a href = +"#line155">154</a> <i><b>were</b>—fare</i>. <a href = +"#line600">603</a> <i>fare—<b>were</b></i>. <a href = +"#line1020">1020</a> <i><b>were</b>—fare</i>. <a href = +"#line2075">2074</a> <i>care—<b>ware</b></i>.</p> + +<p>Into (2) <i>e</i>. <a href = "#line380">379</a> <i><b>dede</b></i> +(ags. <i>dæ̂d</i>)—<i>hed</i>. <a href = "#line1045">1047</a> +<i><b>were</b>—chere</i>. <a href = "#line1050">1053</a> +<i>sped—<b>lede</b></i> (ags. <i>læ̂dan</i>). <a href = +"#line1260">1263</a> <i>stede—<b>wede</b></i> (ags. +<i>wæ̂d</i>).</p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_xiii" id = "page_xiii">xiii</a></span> +<p>Into (3) <i>o</i>. <a href = "#line1110">1113</a> <i><b>mone</b></i> +(ags. <i>mæ̂nan</i>)—<i>Aragon</i>. <a href = "#line1385">1384</a> +<i>beffore—there—<b>were</b></i>.</p> + +<p>O.E. <i>ô</i> is preserved throughout: <a href = "#line70">73</a> +<i><b>wode</b>—<b>good</b></i>. <a href = "#line110">112</a> +<i><b>rode</b>—<b>blod</b></i>. <a href = "#line115">118</a> +<i>Rome—<b>kyrstendome</b></i>. <a href = "#line310">313</a> +<i><b>done</b>—<b>sone</b></i>.</p> + +<p>Before <i>g</i> the vowel <i>u</i> resp. <i>w</i> is inserted: +<a href = "#line145">145</a> <i><b>browght</b>—nowght</i>. <a href = +"#line280">279</a> <i><b>browght</b>—<b>thowght</b></i>. <a href = +"#line2050">2053</a> <i><b>sought</b>—<b>brought</b></i>.</p> + +<p>O.E. <i>ê</i> is preserved: <a href = "#line120">123</a> +<i><b>kene</b>—sene</i>. <a href = "#line740">743</a> +<i>dede—<b>sped</b>, wede</i>. <a href = "#line1850">1849</a> +<i><b>wepe</b>—slepe</i>. <a href = "#line2055">2055</a> +<i>grene—<b>kene</b></i>. <a href = "#line2455">2458</a> <i>be +dene—<b>wene</b></i>.</p> + +<p>O.E. <i>î</i> is preserved as <i>y</i>: <a href = "#line195">196</a> +<i><b>tyd</b>—<b>syd</b></i>. <a href = "#line325">325</a> +<i><b>fyve</b>—<b>lyve</b></i>. <a href = "#line775">777</a> +<i><b>wyse</b>—deuyce</i>. <a href = "#line900">900</a> +<i><b>ryde</b>—<b>syde</b></i>.</p> + +<p>O.E. <i>û</i> is written <i>ou</i> resp. <i>ow</i> in the French way: +<a href = "#line920">921</a> +<i>renowne—<b>towyn<sup>)</sup></b></i>. <a href = +"#line975">978</a> <i><b>downe</b>—renowne</i>. <a href = +"#line1425">1425</a> <i><b>nowe</b>—rowe</i>. <a href = +"#line2635">2634</a> <i><b>mouth</b>—<b>couth</b></i>. It has +become <i>o</i>: <a href = "#line515">516</a> +<i><b>rome</b>—frome</i> (ags. <i>rûm—from</i>). Cf. <a href += "#line2640">2641</a> <i>renown—<b>son</b></i>.</p> + +<p>O.E. <i>eá</i> has become <i>e</i>: <a href = "#line1930">1929</a> +<i>grame—<b>streme</b>, Jerusalem</i>. <a href = +"#line2555">2554</a> <i>Jerusalem<sup>)</sup>—<b>streme</b></i> +(ags. <i>streám</i>).</p> + +<p>O.E. <i>eó</i> has changed into <i>e</i>: <a href = +"#line150">153</a> <i><b>be</b>—hee</i>: <a href = +"#line780">782</a> <i><b>fre</b>—he</i>. <a href = +"#line885">888</a> <i><b>tre</b>—crystyanté</i>. <a href = +"#line1640">1643</a> <i><b>be</b>—charité</i>. <a href = +"#line1860">1861</a> <i><b>ffree</b>—cité</i>.</p> + +<p>O.E. <i>ŷ</i> remains <i>y</i>: <a href = "#line1360">1361</a> +<i>pride—<b>bedsyde</b></i>. <a href = "#line1430">1433</a> +<i>pryde—<b>ryde</b></i>. <a href = "#line1470">1473</a> +<i><b>wyde</b>—pride</i>. <i>ŷ</i> or <i>ê</i>, the +<i>i</i>-umlaut of <i>eá</i> or <i>e</i>, is found as <i>e</i>: <a href += "#line60">63</a> <i>were—<b>here</b></i> (ags. <i>hŷran</i>). +<a href = "#line235">235</a> <i><b>here</b>—were</i>. <a href = +"#line325">327</a> <i>sted—yed, <b>nede</b>—sped</i>. +<a href = "#line405">408</a> <i>yede—<b>ned</b></i>. <a href = +"#line1550">1552</a> <i>stede—<b>nede</b>, indede</i>.</p> + + +<h5>3. THE INFLEXIONS.</h5> + +<p>The plural of the substantives terminates in (1) <i>s</i> resp. +<i>ys</i>: <a href = "#line835">837</a> +<i><b>ryghtys</b>—knyghtes</i>. <a href = "#line1295">1298</a> +<i><b>stonys</b>—nonys</i>.</p> + +<p>(2) in <i>n</i>: <a href = "#line455">458</a> +<i><b>slon</b>—appon</i>. <a href = "#line1115">1116</a> +<i>done—<b>shone</b></i>. <a href = "#line1190">1193</a> +<i><b>shone</b>—anon, done</i>.</p> + +<p>(3) is formed by <i>i</i>-umlaut: <i><b>men</b></i> <a href = +"#line1785">1784</a>, <a href = "#line2280">2282</a>, but <a href = +"#line2195">2197</a> <i>wan—<b>men</b></i> +(= <i>man</i>).</p> + +<p>(4) has no inflexion: <a href = "#line650">651</a> +<i><b>gere</b>—<b>spere</b></i>. <a href = "#line705">705</a> +<i>far—<b>gere</b></i>. <a href = "#line835">836</a> +<i>hend—<b>frende</b></i>, <i>sende</i>. <a href = +"#line1170">1173</a> <i>ffere—<b>yere</b></i>. <a href = +"#line1405">1405</a> <i>hend—<b>frend</b></i>. <a href = +"#line1555">1556</a> <i><b>stone</b>—gone</i>. <a href = +"#line2185">2188</a> <i>were—<b>yere</b></i>. <a href = +"#line2195">2194</a> <i>here—<b>yere</b></i>. The inflexions of +the adjectives have totally disappeared.</p> + +<p>The <i>infinitive</i> ends in <i>-ne</i> or <i>n</i>, or has no +termination at all. +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_xiv" id = "page_xiv">xiv</a></span> +(1) with <i>n</i>: <a href = "#line120">123</a> <i>kene—see</i> +(= <i><b>sene</b></i>). <a href = "#line215">217</a> +<i>ageyne—<b>sayne</b></i>. <a href = "#line260">262</a> +<i>fayne—<b>slayne</b></i>. <a href = "#line490">489</a> +<i>Mavdeleyn—<b>seyne</b></i>; <a href = "#line15">16</a> +<i>sone—<b>gon</b></i>.</p> + +<p>(2) without <i>n</i>: <a href = "#line65">67</a> +<i>sake—<b>take</b></i>. <a href = "#line90">93</a> +<i>kynd—<b>fynd</b></i>. <a href = "#line145">148</a> +<i><b>wake</b>—stake</i>. <a href = "#line185">184</a> +<i>so—<b>goo</b></i>. <a href = "#line435">434</a> +<i>Adolake—<b>take</b></i>. <a href = "#line1060">1062</a> +<i>tho—<b>do</b></i>. <a href = "#line1760">1762</a> +<i>me—<b>se</b></i>.</p> + +<p>The 2nd person sing. of the pres. ind. occurs only once in the rhyme, +<a href = "#line1330">1333</a> <i>tase—<b>thou hase</b>, +tas—gas</i>.</p> + +<p>The 3rd person sing. of the present indicative ends in <i>s</i>: +<a href = "#line185">187</a> <i><b>tellys</b>—ellys</i>. <a href = +"#line2315">2317</a> <i>rose—<b>gose</b></i>. <a href = +"#line555">558</a> <i><b>tellythe</b>—elles</i> (The rhyme shows +that <i><b>tellys</b></i> must be inserted; cf. <a href = +"#line100">103</a> <i>gos—takythe</i>, and <a href = +"#line855">858</a> <i>gothe—toke</i> = +<i><b>gas</b>—<b>tas</b></i>.) Only once <i>th</i> occurs: <a href += "#line2045">2047</a> <i>Nazareth—<b>gethe</b></i> (ags. +<i>gæð</i>). On this remarkable form see Zupitza, <i>Guy of Warwick</i>, +note on l. 11075. The plural has no termination: <a href = +"#line5">3</a> <i><b>wynde</b>—ende—lende</i>.</p> + +<p>The <i>subjunctive</i> mood has no inflexions: <a href = +"#line70">70</a> <i><b>sped</b>—stede</i>, 3rd pers. <a href = +"#line85">87</a> <i><b>blynd</b>—wynde</i>, 3rd pers. <a href = +"#line210">213</a> <i>fyld—<b>schyld</b></i>, 3rd pers. <a href = +"#line415">416</a> <i>sey—<b>may</b></i>, 2nd pers. sg. <a href = +"#line585">584</a> <i>feld—<b>schyld</b></i>, 3rd pers. sg. +<a href = "#line1975">1978</a> <i><b>saue</b>—haue</i>; but observe +<a href = "#line140">139</a> <i><b>slone</b>—none</i> and <a href += "#line1840">1839</a> <i><b>sene</b>—grene</i>.</p> + +<p>The <i>present participle</i> ends usually in <i>-ande</i> +(<i>onde</i>): <a href = "#line10">13</a> +<i>londe—<b>wonande</b></i>. <a href = "#line125">127</a> +<i>fonde—<b>growonde</b></i>. <a href = "#line315">315</a> +<i><b>levand</b>—bond</i>. <a href = "#line350">352</a> +<i>stand—<b>lygand</b></i>. <a href = "#line355">358</a> +<i>vndyrstond—<b>levand</b></i>. <a href = "#line1125">1128</a> +<i>stond—<b>shynand</b></i>. <a href = "#line1280">1280</a> +<i><b>fayland</b>—lond</i>. <a href = "#line1445">1445</a> +<i><b>fleand</b>—waraunt</i>. <a href = "#line1450">1452</a> +<i>ffand—<b>goand</b></i>. <a href = "#line1820">1821</a> +<i>lond—<b>wepand</b></i>. <a href = "#line1900">1899</a> +<i>lond—<b>pleyand</b></i>. <a href = "#line2105">2104</a> +<i>hond—<b>levand</b></i>. Thrice <i>-yng</i> is found: <a href = +"#line265">268</a> <i>kyng—<b>dwellyng</b></i>, <a href = +"#line1635">1638</a> and <a href = "#line2565">2568</a>.</p> + +<p>The <i>gerund</i> terminates always in <i>ing</i> (<i>yng</i>): +<a href = "#line1480">1479</a> <i>kyng—<b>ryding</b></i>. <a href = +"#line1500">1503</a> <i><b>comyng</b>—kyng</i>. <a href = +"#line1930">1933</a> <i>ryng—<b>lettyng</b></i>. <a href = +"#line2510">2509</a> <i>kyng—<b>lesyng</b></i>.</p> + +<p>Observe the 2nd pers. sing. of a past tense, <a href = +"#line1590">1589</a> <i><b>thou +cam<sup>)</sup></b>—slan<sup>)</sup></i>, of a +praeterito-praesens, <a href = "#line410">410</a> <i>they—sey, +<b>thow may</b></i>. <a href = "#line1540">1543</a> <i>away—aye, +<b>may</b></i>. <a href = "#line2000">2001</a> +<i><b>may</b>—welaway</i>.</p> + +<p>The <i>past participle</i> of strong verbs terminates in <i>n</i>: +<a href = "#line480">482</a> <i><b>syne</b>—schene, +wene—clene</i>. <a href = "#line675">675</a> +<i><b>slayne</b>—rayne</i>. <a href = "#line800">800</a> +<i><b>slayne</b>—trayne</i>. <a href = "#line1290">1292</a> +<i>fayn<sup>)</sup>—<b>slayn<sup>)</sup></b></i>. <a href = +"#line1560">1562</a> <i><b>sene</b>—wene</i>. <a href = +"#line2320">2323</a> <i>alone—<b>slone</b></i>. We don’t find one +certain instance for the dropping of this <i>n</i>, besides <a href = +"#line1675">1678</a> and <a href = "#line2060">2063</a> <i>be</i>.</p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_xv" id = "page_xv">xv</a></span> +<p>The <i>past tense plural</i> of strong verbs has the same vowel as +the singular: <a href = "#line1450">1452</a> They <i><b>ffound</b></i> +(r. <i>ffand</i>)—<i>goand</i>. <a href = +"#line1455">1458</a> <i><b>began</b>—gentilman</i>. <a href = +"#line1750">1753</a> <i>tong—<b>dong</b></i>.</p> + +<p>The 3rd pers. of the present indic. of <i>to be</i> = <i>ys</i> or +<i>es</i>: cf. <a href = "#line735">738</a> +<i>blyse—<b>ys</b></i>. <a href = "#line2410">2413</a> +<i><b>ys</b>—Raynes</i>. Once <i><b>ys</b></i> is found as plural: +<a href = "#line2525">2524</a> <i><b>ys</b>—iwys</i>. The +<i>present subjunctive</i> is <i>be</i> through all persons: <a href = +"#line205">208</a> <i><b>be</b>—me</i>, 2nd pers. <a href = +"#line615">614</a> <i><b>be</b>—se</i>, 3rd pers. <a href = +"#line885">884</a> <i>the—<b>bee</b></i>, 3rd pers. <a href = +"#line2015">2017</a> <i><b>be</b>—me</i>, 2nd pers. plr. The +infinitive <i><b>be</b></i> and <i>bene</i>: <a href = "#line50">49</a> +<i>the—<b>bee</b></i>. <a href = "#line480">483</a> +<i><b>be</b>—see</i>. <a href = "#line1640">1643</a> +<i><b>be</b>—charite</i>. <a href = "#line900">903</a> +<i>the—<b>bee</b></i>. <a href = "#line1830">1833</a> +<i>clene—<b>bene</b></i>. <a href = "#line2160">2161</a> +<i>quene—<b>bene</b></i>. <a href = "#line2610">2613</a> +<i><b>bene</b>—kene</i>. The <i>past tense singular number</i> is +<i>was</i> or <i>wes</i>: <a href = "#line245">247</a> +<i>alas—<b>wase</b></i>. <a href = "#line425">426</a> +<i>glase—<b>was</b></i>. <a href = "#line770">771</a> +<i>pase—<b>wase</b></i>. <a href = "#line1870">1873</a> +<i>wyldernes—<b>was</b></i> (= <i>wes</i>). The plural +<i>were</i>, <i>ware</i>, <i>wore</i>, as well as <i>was</i>, +<i>wes</i>: (1) <a href = "#line400">l. 402</a> +<i><b>wer<sup>)</sup></b>—cher</i>. <a href = "#line1045">1047</a> +<i><b>were</b>—chere</i>. <a href = "#line1845">1845</a> +<i><b>were</b>—ffere</i>. <a href = "#line2585">2586</a> +<i>squiere—<b>were</b>, here—clere</i>. (2) <a href = +"#line600">603</a> <i>fare—<b>were</b></i>. <a href = +"#line2495">2494</a> <i><b>ware</b>—bare</i>. <a href = +"#line1385">1384</a> <i>beffore—there, <b>were</b></i> +(= <i>wore</i>). (3) <a href = "#line385">384</a> +<i>pase—<b>wase</b></i>. <a href = "#line1385">1388</a> +<i>passe—<b>was</b></i>. (4) <a href = "#line2025">2026</a> +<i>wildernes—<b>was</b></i> (= <i>wes</i>). <a href = +"#line2545">2545</a> <i>wildernes—<b>was</b></i>; cf. l. <a href = +"#line2585">2584</a>. The subjunctive mood of the past tense is +<i>were</i> and <i>ware</i>, in sgl. and plr.: <a href = +"#line225">225</a> <i><b>were</b>—clere</i>. <a href = +"#line235">235</a> <i>here—<b>were</b></i>. <a href = +"#line1695">1696</a> <i>chere—<b>were</b></i>. <a href = +"#line2475">2476</a> <i><b>were</b>—bere</i>. <a href = +"#line155">154</a> <i><b>were</b></i> +(= <i>ware</i>)—<i>fare</i>. <a href = "#line1020">1020</a> +<i><b>wer</b></i> (= <i>ware</i>)—<i>fare</i>. <a href = +"#line2075">2074</a> <i>care—<b>ware</b></i>. The past participle: +<a href = "#line5">7</a> <i>bedene—<b>ben</b></i>. <a href = +"#line170">172</a> <i><b>byne</b>—seyn</i>. <a href = +"#line2345">2344</a> <i><b>ibene</b>—kene</i>. <a href = +"#line1675">1678</a> <i><b>be</b>—crystiaunte</i>.</p> + +<p>From this inquiry into the sounds and inflexions, the following +conclusions can be drawn:</p> + +<p>The development of <i>ă</i> is of no use in fixing the dialect. Nor +is <i>ea</i>, which has become <i>a</i>, <i>o</i>, and <i>e</i>, to be +deemed a characteristic either of the Midland or Northern dialect. Ags. +<i>ea</i> occurs as <i>o</i> as early as 1250 in the <i>Northumbrian +Psalter</i>, and 50 years afterwards in <i>Sir Tristrem</i> and <i>Sir +Perceval</i>; even Richard Rolle in his <i>Pricke of Conscience</i> +offers one instance of this change (cf. <i>Sir Tristrem</i>, p. +lxix f.).</p> + +<p>The development of the ags. <i>â</i>, which we find in 26 passages as +<i>a</i>, in 22 as <i>o</i>, is remarkable. There are only a very few +instances of this change in <i>Sir Tristrem</i>, p. lxxi, and in the +<i>Psalter</i>; and this almost equal number of <i>a</i>- and +<i>o</i>-rhymes proves evidently that the poem cannot belong to a +Northern country. At the same time, a proportion +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_xvi" id = "page_xvi">xvi</a></span> +like that would be impossible in a text of Southern origin. The same +negative result is to be derived from the fact that Ags. <i>y</i> is +always written <i>y</i>.</p> + +<p>As to the inflexions, the plurals of the substantives are formed by +adding <i>-s</i> or <i>-n</i> (<i>en</i>), or by vowel change, or they +have no inflexions at all. As for the inflexion <i>-n</i>, it only +occurs in <i>slon</i> and <i>shon</i>, and of this very word the plural +in <i>n</i> is to be met with even in Northern writers.</p> + +<p>The infinitives both preserve or drop the final <i>n</i>, as is the +rule with the Midland dialect; the form of the past participle with +<i>n</i> accords with the use of the Northern writers.</p> + +<p>The present partic. ending in <i>-and</i> and the past tense plurals +of strong verbs having adopted the vowel of the singular, agree with the +North as well as with the northern districts of the Midland, in the same +way as some forms of <i>to be</i>: plr. prs. <i>ys</i> and plr. prt. +<i>was</i>, besides the usual forms <i>be</i> and <i>are</i>, resp. +<i>were</i> and <i>ware</i>, and the contracted forms of <i>take</i>: +<a href = "#line755">758</a> <i>name—<b>tane</b></i>. <a href = +"#line1095">1095</a> <i>gane—<b>itane</b></i>. <a href = +"#line1825">1825</a> <i><b>ta</b>—twa</i> (cf. <a href = +"#line230">231</a>, <a href = "#line285">286</a>, <a href = +"#line860">859</a>, <a href = "#line1330">1333</a>, <a href = +"#line1475">1475</a>, <a href = "#line1720">1722</a>, <a href = +"#line1730">1733</a>, <a href = "#line2615">2617</a>).</p> + +<p>The forms <i>thou has</i> and <i>thou may</i> point to the West.</p> + +<p>The inflexions of the 3rd pers. prs. sg. are <i>-th</i> and +<i>-s</i>. In the western part of the Midland we never meet with the +ending <i>th</i>, but only with <i>s</i>. In <i>Amis and Amiloun</i>, +the Eastern origin of which seems to be sure, only the inflexion +<i>-eþ</i> is found in the rhyme (<i>Amis</i>, +p. xxx ff.).</p> + +<p>The romance of <i>Sir Torrent</i> seems to be the first document +hitherto considered where both these forms occur, one by the side of the +other. Perhaps this fact justifies us in concluding that this poem was +composed in the east, but on the borders of the west, Midland.</p> +</div> + +<h4><a name = "intro_4" id = "intro_4" href = "#intro">§ 4.</a> THE +CONTENTS OF THE ROMANCE.</h4> + +<p>Before entering on an inquiry into the sources of the romance, it may +be expedient to give a short account of its contents.</p> + +<div class = "block"> +<p>In Portugal once reigned a mighty king, whose name was Calamond. He +had an only daughter, the fair and gentle Desonelle, who was loved by a +young knight called Torrent, son of a Portuguese +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_xvii" id = "page_xvii">xvii</a></span> +count. As he could not win her, save by distinguishing himself by +valiant exploits, he undertook several adventurous expeditions. First he +set out, by the order of the king, against a mischievous and dangerous +giant, whom he found lying fast asleep on a hill. He roused the giant by +sounding his bugle, and challenged him to fight. Instantly a fierce +combat ensued, in which the awkward giant lost his life. In the giant’s +castle the young hero delivered a maiden, Eleonore, daughter of the king +of Gales, from captivity, and rescued at the same time four princes, +whom the giant had taken some time before and imprisoned in an iron +cage.</p> + +<p>After a short rest Torrent returned into Portugal. He was kindly +received by King Calamond, and splendid festivities were celebrated in +his honour. The kings of Gales and of Provence showed their gratitude by +bestowing on him rich presents, among them a precious sword wrought by +Wayland Smith. Desonelle gave him one of her fine palfreys. Calamond, +however, shrewd as he was, and envious of the hero’s fame, plotted his +ruin. He caused him, by a counterfeit letter of Desonelle, to catch her +a falcon in the forest of Maudlen, which was the haunt of a dangerous +giant, Rochense, and of many wild beasts. Torrent and his squire set out +immediately, but separated on entering the forest, to hunt in the +thicket each by himself. Torrent soon encountered a huge dragon, and +killed it by vehement strokes. The squire, having meanwhile fallen in +with the giant, had been slain by him. The hero, called to the place by +the tumult of battle, attacked the giant, and overcame him after a hard +struggle. He cut off his head to bear with him as a trophy. He then went +into the giant’s castle, where he found a great many jewels, and a +bright sword called Mownpolyard. Having returned to the royal court, he +ordered five priests to say masses for his squire’s soul. At this very +time it happened that the king of Arragon sent messengers to the king of +Portugal, in order to bring about a marriage between Desonelle and his +youngest son. Calamond would not listen to the advice of his spouse, +that he should no longer refuse Desonelle to Torrent, but he promised +her to the prince of Arragon, and at the same time sent the hero once +more against a giant, Slogus of Foulles in Calabre.</p> + +<p>Torrent departed well armed, and after a prosperous voyage arrived in +Calabre. There he soon met the giant, who was one-eyed like the Cyclops, +and bore a huge cudgel as his only weapon. Torrent threw his spear into +the fiend’s eye, and thus overcame him without any long struggle. The +king of Calabre graciously welcomed the hero, and largely rewarded him +for the service he had rendered his country. Having returned into +Portugal, Torrent heard that in a few weeks Desonelle was to be married +to the prince of Arragon. Arrayed in knightly dress, he rode right off +to Calamond’s court, and challenged his rival to fight. After a short +struggle he completely vanquished his antagonist, stretching him on the +ground. The next +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_xviii" id = "page_xviii">xviii</a></span> +day, as the king, surrounded by his noble guests, banqueted in the great +hall of the castle, Torrent entered with the giant’s head in his hand, +and harshly demanded the king’s daughter; he called all the lords to +witness of Calamond’s perfidy.</p> + +<p>The Emperor of Rome now interceded, and it was agreed at his +suggestion that Torrent should fight once more against a giant named +Cate; if he vanquished that adversary, he should obtain Desonelle and +half Arragon. On an isle near the sea-shore the struggle began in +presence of the assembled knights. Torrent struck the club out of the +giant’s hand, put him to flight, and killed him as he ran away, casting +stones at him. Then the Emperor decided, with the approbation of all his +knights, that the hero had won both the land and the maiden.</p> + +<p>Torrent obtained Desonelle, and rejoiced in the possession of her, +but no solemn marriage was performed.</p> + +<p>Twelve weeks after, he left his spouse, impelled by his venturous and +ambitious mind; for the king of Norway asked him to fight against a wild +giant who had carried off his daughter and was destroying his castles. +Torrent bade his mistress farewell, leaving her two golden rings as +talismans, and set off with fifty companions. Arrived at the coast of +Norway, he and his companions entered a dense forest, in which a great +many wild beasts lived. His companions, seized with fear, parted from +him, and continued their voyage at sea. They told the king of Norway the +false tale that Torrent had perished on shore. The king then set out +himself to rescue his daughter. Torrent meanwhile encountered a giant +named Weraunt, Cate’s brother, and slew him in a hard struggle, but was +himself wounded. In the giant’s castle he saved Gendres, daughter of the +Norwegian king, and conducted her to her father. On the road they were +met by a large train of gallant knights, and were then convoyed in +triumph to the king’s court. There Torrent soon recovered from his +wounds, and was amply rewarded with honours and presents. He stayed +above twelve months at the Norwegian court. The false companions of +Torrent were drowned in the sea by the king’s command, but one squire +escaped to Portugal, and reported the tidings that Torrent yet remained +in Norway. Soon after, as Desonelle was delivered of twins, the hatred +of Calamond suddenly broke out against her. By his order, Desonelle and +her two children were put to sea in a small boat; but a favourable wind +saved them from ruin, and drove the boat upon the coast of Palestine. As +she, helpless, wandered about the downs, a huge dragon (griffin or +gripe) appeared, and seized one of her children, and immediately after a +wild leopard dragged away the other. With submission she suffered her +miserable fate, relying on the help of the Holy Virgin.</p> + +<p>The king of Jerusalem, just returning from a voyage, happened to find +the leopard with the child, which he ordered to be saved and delivered +to him. Seeing from the foundling’s golden ring that the +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_xix" id = "page_xix">xix</a></span> +child was of noble descent, and pitying its helpless state, he took it +into his palace, and brought him up as his own son (as it were) at his +court. The child was named Leobertus.</p> + +<p>The dragon or gripe with the other child was seen by a pious hermit, +St. Antony, who, though son of the king of Greece, had in his youth +forsaken the world. Through his prayer St. Mary made the dragon put down +the infant; Antony carried him to his father, who adopted him and +ordered him to be baptized. He was named Antony fice Greffoun (Antony, +son of the griffin or gripe).</p> + +<p>Desonelle wandered up and down, after the loss of her children, till +she happened to meet the king of Nazareth hunting. He, recognizing her +as the king of Portugal’s daughter, gave her a kind welcome and +assistance. At his court she lived several years in happy retirement. +Torrent returned at length into Portugal, notwithstanding all the +entreaties of the Norwegian king that he would dwell in Norway somewhat +longer. At his arrival, King Calamond took refuge in his stronghold, and +greeted him from thence with scornful words. Torrent, after having +summoned his friends from Arragon, Provence, and Calabre, conquered the +castle, and took Calamond prisoner. The traitor was sent out to sea in a +leaky boat, and perished.</p> + +<p>In his stead, Torrent was elected king by all the noblemen of the +empire, and took the crown. But forty days after this, he quitted his +realm, having intrusted two knights with its government, and passed to +the Holy Land at the head of a large force. There he fought fifteen +years against the infidels, conquered several towns, and got +immeasurable treasures as booty. The king of Jerusalem, hearing about +Torrent’s deeds, and anxious for his own security, sent his son +Leobertus, with an army of 50,000 men, against Torrent. A pitched +battle began, but it was for a long time doubtful to which side victory +would incline, till at last the two chiefs encountered. The son +vanquishing his father decided the fate of the battle. Torrent was +conveyed as a prisoner to Jerusalem, and thrown into a dungeon. There he +lay above a year, till he was once overheard complaining his misfortunes +by his son, who, touched with pity, prevailed upon the king to set +Torrent at liberty. In this new state Torrent soon found an opportunity +to show his valour and skill in arms, when a grand tournament was held +at Jerusalem. There he proved sole victor over all the knights, and got +the chief prize. The king of Nazareth, who had assisted at this joust, +telling his folk at home who had won the prize, described the arms and +escutcheon of the valiant knight. By these Desonelle recognized her +beloved spouse. At her request the king called princes and knights from +all parts of the world to a great tournament. The kings of Jerusalem, +Greece, Leobertus, Antony fice Greffoun, and Torrent answered the call. +Before an illustrious assembly of mighty princes and noble ladies, all +of whom were surpassed by Desonelle in beauty and grace, the tournament +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_xx" id = "page_xx">xx</a></span> +began. Leobertus and Antony excelled in it, but the chief was Torrent, +who performed wonders in the joust, vanquishing all valiant adversaries. +The next morning Desonelle could no longer brook reserve, and was about +to discover herself to Torrent; but overwhelmed with joy she fainted, +when she had scarcely uttered the first words of greeting. It was not +till midday that she was able to tell Torrent and the other knights her +fates and those of her children. Then parents and children passionately +embraced on recognizing each other. At Torrent’s request, all of them, +with the kings of Nazareth, Jerusalem, and Greece, and many attendants, +sailed for Portugal. There the nuptials of Torrent with Desonelle were +celebrated with a great round of splendid festivities. Torrent was +finally elected Emperor of Rome, and reigned a long time gloriously. He +lies there buried in a fair abbey.</p> + +<p>A benediction finishes the romance.</p> +</div> + +<p>If we take a survey of the poem, we shall recognize in its conception +a harmonious plan and a certain unity of action, which, as in most of +the romances, is founded on the hero and the interest he affects us with +(See Ten Brink, <i>Engl. Literat.</i>, I. p. 317). In the centre of +the action is placed Torrent’s love of Desonelle; for all the various +combats that he undertakes against dragons and giants, against the +prince of Arragon and King Calamond, are undertaken solely to gain him +Desonelle. Even his expedition against the infidels and the fighting +with his son are designed by Providence to make him find again his lost +love. Halliwell (Preface, p. vii), therefore, is not right in +deeming the romance ‘a rambling poem of adventures without much +plot.’ The length and tediousness of the episodes may have prevented him +from recognizing the unity of the whole. At the same time, however, it +must be admitted that the poem cannot rank with the masterpieces of +romantic poetry written in the same metre, like <i>Amis and Amiloun</i>, +<i>Ipomadon</i>, <i>Kyng of Tars</i>, <i>Octavian</i>, either in the +invention of plot or in the dissection of passions. The diction is so +swelled with stereotyped phrases, and so surfeited with trivialities, +that we may justly suppose the poem to have been composed at a period +when romantic poetry had passed its best time, and had begun to decay. +As to the authorship of the poem, it was probably composed by a monk. It +is an easy thing to show peculiarities in the course of the story which +are essentially monkish. As the romance begins and ends with a +benediction, in +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_xxi" id = "page_xxi">xxi</a></span> +the same way each deed and each adventure of the hero is introduced and +finished by long prayers. Moreover, the poet points frequently to a +direct interposition of Heaven (ll. 675, 1568, 1948); he describes the +anguish and sorrow that Desonelle feels about her children’s baptism +(ll. 1892-1896 and 2074-76); he mentions emphatically Communion and +Confession (1272 and 2139), Masses (756 and 813); he finally praises the +Emperor for founding churches and abbeys (l. 2658). On the other +side, we find very few of those marks which characterize the works of +minstrels: the poet seldom predicts the fates of his heroes to excite +the attention of his auditors; he mentions only by the way the +performances of the gleemen, and nowhere speaks of the rewards that they +get.</p> + +<p>Passing to a special inquiry into the origin of the story of Torrent, +I cannot persuade myself that it is of the poet’s own invention, as +that would be the only instance of a Middle-English romance not being +taken from foreign originals (except, of course, Chaucer’s <i>Sir +Thopas</i>, which was written to ridicule this whole branch of poetry), +whilst slight alterations or additions were frequently introduced by the +translators. A French original of the romance is supposed by +Halliwell to have existed (Preface, vi). He says, ‘It is probably, like +the second copy of the romance of Horn, a modernized version of an +older English romance, which was itself translated from the French. +I have not been able to discover any traces of the French original, +but there are some singular allusions to its origin in the poem itself. +I allude to the frequent references to the <i>Book of Rome</i>.<a +class = "tag" name = "tag3" id = "tag3" href = "#note3">3</a> This term +was applied to the French language, in which most of the old romances +were originally written.’ As for me, I don’t think that we can much +rely upon references of this kind, because they are common to all of +these Middle-English romances. Of a somewhat greater weight is perhaps +the fact that one or two of the proper names are French; and even the +oath, ‘par l’amour de dieu,’ is worth mentioning. After all, there is no +evident proof as to the French origin. But there is no doubt that +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_xxii" id = "page_xxii">xxii</a></span> +the story of Torrent in its principal features—the adversities of +a family separated by misfortunes, the mother robbed of her children by +wild beasts, at last united again—proceeded from the old Eustache +legend.<a class = "tag" name = "tag4" id = "tag4" href = +"#note4">4-5</a> Therewith another motive is combined, that of the woman +innocently condemned, on which motive a large stock of legends is +founded; for instance, those of Crescentia, Sibilla, Oliva, Genovefa, +Griseldis and Octavian legends. Upon this motive and its old origin from +India, see Streve, ‘The Octavian legend,’ <i>Erlangen +Dissert.</i>, 84.</p> + +<p>I will consider first the legend of Eustache in its original version. +According to the Greek Martyr Acts, which were probably composed in the +eighth century, this saint was before his baptism a captain of Trajan, +named Placidus. As he one day hunted in the forest, the Saviour appeared +to him between the antlers of a hart, and converted him. Placidus +changed his name into Eustache, when he was baptized with his wife and +sons. God announced to him by an angel his future martyrdom. Eustache +was afflicted by dreadful calamities, lost all his estate, and was +compelled to go abroad as a beggar with his wife and his children. As he +went on board a ship bound for Egypt, his wife was seized by the +shipmaster and carried off. Soon after, when Eustache was travelling +along the shore, his two children were borne away by a lion and a +leopard. Eustache then worked for a long time as a journeyman, till he +was discovered by the Emperor Trajan, who had sent out messengers for +him, and called him to his court. Reappointed captain, Eustache +undertook an expedition against the Dacians. During this war he found +his wife in a cottage as a gardener,—the shipmaster had fallen +dead to +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_xxiii" id = "page_xxiii">xxiii</a></span> +the ground as he ventured to touch her,—and in the same cottage he +found again his two sons as soldiers: herdsmen had rescued them from the +wild beasts, and brought them up. Glad was their meeting again! But as +they returned to Rome, they were all burnt in a glowing bull of brass by +the Emperor’s order, because they refused to sacrifice to the heathen +gods.</p> + +<p>This legend, which reminds us at once of the story of Job, has been +incorporated in almost all mediæval collections of legends, and upon it +are founded some mediæval poems, which are enumerated by H. Knust in his +splendid work <i>Dos Obras Didácticas y dos Leyendas</i>, Madrid, 1878; +cf. R. Köhler, <i>Zeitschrift für rom. phil.</i> III, p. 272 ff., +Varnhagen, <i>Anglia</i>, III, p. 399 ff.; two latin versions are +edited by the same, <i>Zeitschrift für deutsches Alterthum</i> XXIV, +p. 241 ff., and XXV, p. 1 ff.</p> + +<p>English legends of Eustache are to be found</p> + +<p>(1) In Ælfric’s <i>Passiones Martyrum</i>; see Horstmann, +<i>Altenglische Legenden</i>, Second series, Heilbronn, 1881, +p. xli.</p> + +<p>(2) In the South-English collection, <i>l.c.</i> p. xlviii.</p> + +<p>(3) In the Northern collection, pp. lxi and lxiv. Herrig’s <ins class += "correction" title = "text has ‘Archiv.’"><i>Archiv</i></ins> 57, +p. 262 ff.</p> + +<p>(4) In the Scottish collection of legends, said to be Barbour’s. Cf. +Barbour’s <i>Legendensammlung</i>, ed. C. Horstmann, Heilbronn, 82, ii. +p. 12.</p> + +<p>(5) In the old Engl. translation of the <i>Legenda aurea</i>, see +Horstm., <i>l.c.</i>, p. cxxxv. Caxton’s edition of the legend, No. +196.</p> + +<p>(6) The complete text of the legend printed in Horstmann’s +above-mentioned collection, <i>Altengl. Legendensamml.</i>, +p. 211 ff.</p> + +<p>(7) <i>St. Eustas</i>, by I. Partridge, see Gibbs’ above-mentioned +edition, and Horstm., <i>l.c.</i> p. 472 ff.</p> + +<p>With this legend are connected, more or less, the following poems, +which it is necessary to speak of in turn:</p> + +<p>(1) The Pseudo-Chrestien epic poem, <i>Guillaume d’Engleterre</i>.<a +class = "tag" name = "tag6" id = "tag6" href = "#note6">6</a></p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_xxiv" id = "page_xxiv">xxiv</a></span> +<p>(2) The two Middle High German poems, <i>Die gute Frau</i>,<a class = +"tag" name = "tag7" id = "tag7" href = "#note7">7</a> and (3) <i>Der +Graf von Savoyen</i>.<a class = "tag" name = "tag8" id = "tag8" href = +"#note8">8</a></p> + +<p>(4) The romances of <i>Isumbras</i>; (5) of <i>Octavian</i>; (6) +last, <i>Syr Eglamour of Artois</i>, and (7) <i>Sir Torrent of +Portugal</i>.</p> + +<p>The first five have been treated by Holland in his book, <i>Chrestien +de Troies</i>, Tübingen, 1854.</p> + +<p>According to Holland’s opinion, all of these are derived from the +legend of Eustache. He has not exactly inquired into each of them, but +restricts himself to a detailed account of their contents. +A critical inquiry into these poems, except the romance of +<i>Octavian</i>, has been recently published by J. Steinbach: <i>Der +einfluss des Crestien de Troies auf die altenglische literatur</i>. +Leipzig, 1886, p. 41 ff. As to the French and the two German poems, +it may be sufficient to refer to this exhaustive essay, since it is only +by the same legendary origin that they are connected with <i>Sir +Torrent</i>; otherwise they are quite different.</p> + +<p>But of the English romances of <i>Sir Isumbras</i> and of +<i>Octavian</i> it is necessary to treat more minutely. <i>Isumbras</i> +was edited first by Utterson in his <i>Select Pieces of Early Popular +Poetry</i>, London, 1817; secondly by Halliwell in <i>The Thornton +Romances</i>, from the Lincoln MS. A. i. 17. A critical edition of +this poem has long been promised by Prof. Zupitza.</p> + +<p>In this romance the legend of Eustache can be most clearly +recognized. Its contents are, indeed, somewhat transformed according to +the taste of the later Middle Ages: the Roman captain is changed into a +Christian knight, who performs wonders in fighting against the infidels; +he finds his wife as queen of a heathen country; they end their lives as +mighty princes, and so on. The legendary style has been supplanted by +the romantic diction,<a class = "tag" name = "tag9" id = "tag9" href = +"#note9">9</a> but the leading features remain the same. In his +above-mentioned essay, +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_xxv" id = "page_xxv">xxv</a></span> +pp. 46-48, Steinbach concludes, from a detailed comparison of the +contents, that the author of <i>Isumbras</i> did not derive his story +from the epic poem, <i>Guillaume d’Engleterre</i>, but from an original +which bore a still greater resemblance to the legend of Eustache, and, +at the same time, contained many of those additions which are to be +found in all versions of the legend. Whether this original was composed +in Latin, French, or Anglo-Norman, Steinbach does not pretend to +determine.</p> + +<p>To <i>Isumbras</i> I join a few remarks on the romance of +<i>Octavian</i>, which was edited by Halliwell for the Percy Society, +<i>The Romance of the Emperor Octavian</i>, London, 1844; and by +Sarrazin, <i>Zwei mittelengl. Versionen der Octaviansage</i>, in +Koelbing’s <i>Altengl. Bibliothek</i>, Band III. As for its contents, +cf. Sarrazin, as above, p. xviii ff. Concerning the origin of the +story, he agrees in general with Holland, only he shows a still nearer +connection between <i>Isumbras</i> and <i>Octavian</i>, taking the +former for a mere imitation of the latter. This opinion, however, cannot +be proved. As I cannot enter into detail, I only observe that the +contents of <i>Octavian</i> are a great deal more complicated and +copious than those of <i>Isumbras</i>, which is simple in its plot and +style, and shows the nearest resemblance to the old Eustache legend, +whilst <i>Octavian</i> is a refined and adorned version of the legendary +tale with considerable change in the plan. Isumbras, of course, bears a +strict resemblance to Eustache, but not to the Emperor Octavian, who has +but little of the character of a suffering saint, as he does not become +an outlaw himself, nor is to lose his earthly goods. Even those of his +adventures which are conformable to the original—the separation +from his family, the rape of the children, the final reunion—are +exhibited in a different manner.</p> + +<p>The principal contents of the romance of <i>Octavian</i> bear +internal evidence of its later origin, as it treats chiefly of the +adventures and exploits of Florent, Octavian’s son; especially in the +second half of the story, exploits of Florent so prevail that the +romance might justly bear his name on the title instead of his father’s. +I therefore believe that Sarrazin’s opinion, that <i>Isumbras</i> +is nothing but a bad imitation of <i>Octavian</i>, is wrong; and I am +rather inclined to think the two poems were composed independently from +each +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_xxvi" id = "page_xxvi">xxvi</a></span> +other, after French originals, as is evidently the case with +<i>Octavian</i>, and probably with <i>Isumbras</i>. See Halliwell, +<i>Thornt. Rom.</i>, p. xviii. Sarrazin, moreover, supposes, +p. xlv, both poems to be due to the same author, in consequence of +the conformity of the dialect and style, and of some literal +coincidences. But the fact that both of these romances are written in +the same dialect is not sufficient to prove the identity of the authors, +nor is the style, which is nearly stereotyped in all of these romances. +As to the literal coincidences, only three of the nine passages quoted +by Sarrazin seem to me to be of any importance. See <i>Octavian</i>, +notes on ll. 382, 397, 481. But even these only show that the writer of +<i>Octavian</i> knew <i>Isumbras</i>, or <i>vice versâ</i>.</p> + +<p>As to the relation between <i>Octavian</i> and our poem, these two +romances have no other affinity than the same legendary origin, and the +motive of the woman innocently persecuted, which may very well have been +introduced independently by two different authors. In all other +particulars they are quite different.</p> + +<p>The heroes bear little resemblance to their legendary models; in +<i>Octavian</i> the Emperor of Rome; in <i>Torrent</i> the young, hardy +knight who encounters marvellous struggles to win the hand of his +spouse. Also in the treatment of the other motive, each romance has +taken its own course. In <i>Octavian</i>, Florence is calumniated by her +mother-in-law; in <i>Torrent</i>, Desonelle is persecuted by her father. +The causes are consequently quite different: there the jealousy of the +mother-in-law against the mighty Empress; here Calamond’s hatred against +Torrent. These differences, now only alluded to, cause a great number of +others, and produce a general difference of the two poems, which renders +the opinion of a nearer connection between them altogether illusory.</p> + +<p>Of all the poems mentioned above, the last, <i>Syr Eglamour of +Artois</i>, is most nearly related to <i>Sir Torrent</i>, a fact found +out by Halliwell,<a class = "tag" name = "tag10" id = "tag10" href = +"#note10">10</a> who, however, thought that there was no necessity for +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_xxvii" id = "page_xxvii">xxvii</a></span> +him to prove a similarity which would be at once detected by the reader; +still, he takes it for certain that the romance of <i>Torrent</i> is +younger than and partly founded on <i>Sir Eglamour</i>. As he gives no +proof for this opinion, it will be worth while to enter once more into +this question, in order to see whether he is right or not.</p> + +<p>Upon it, the MSS. do not help us. The earliest MS. that can have +contained <i>Sir Eglamour</i> is the parchment one of the Duke of +Sutherland,<a class = "tag" name = "tag11" id = "tag11" href = +"#note11">11</a> written about the end of the 14th century. The other +four MSS. of it<a class = "tag" name = "tag12" id = "tag12" href = +"#note12">12</a> are still later. The only MS. of <i>Sir Torrent</i> +belongs to the 15th century, so that neither of these romances can be +traced very far back.</p> + +<p><i>Sir Eglamour</i> was printed several times in the beginning of the +16th century, and edited anew by Halliwell from the Cambridge MS. in his +well-known collection. To judge from the numerous readings of the +Lincoln, Cotton, and Cambridge MSS. which he has quoted, the Lincoln MS. +shows best the original dialect, and offers in several passages a +reading preferable as to rhyme and meaning.<a class = "tag" name = +"tag13" id = "tag13" href = "#note13">13</a> Even slight differences in +the contents occur now and then.<a class = "tag" name = "tag14" id = +"tag14" href = "#note14">14</a></p> + +<p>The metre and probably the dialect are the same in both romances; +they are composed in the tail-rhymed twelve-line stanzas, and written in +a North Midland dialect. In both of them the style is alike swelled with +the habitual phrases; only the long prayers and pious reflections so +frequent in <i>Torrent</i> are not to be met with in <i>Eglamour</i>. On +the other hand, the poet is wont to predict the fates of his heroes (ll. +204, 951); he often demands attention (ll. 15, 39, 343, 634, 904); he +never omits, in describing the festivals, to mention the performances of +the minstrels, and to praise the liberality of the lords. These +characteristics render it probable that the author of <i>Eglamour</i> +was a minstrel, not a clerk or monk, as I suppose the author of <i>Sir +Torrent</i> to be.</p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_xxviii" id = "page_xxviii">xxviii</a></span> +<p>I now pass on to compare the contents of the two poems. The principal +features of the plot are the same in both. A young knight who seeks +the hand of a princess engages to win her by valiant exploits. The +princess’s father opposes his wooing, jealous as he is of the hero’s +renown. The knight vanquishes all the giants and other monsters against +which he is told to fight, and at length gains his spouse. A few +weeks after their marriage, he sets out again on adventurous +expeditions. While he stays abroad, his wife is delivered of twins. Her +father sends her to sea in a leaky boat; she lands on a foreign shore, +where her children are carried off by wild beasts; but they are saved in +a marvellous manner, and brought up at royal courts, whilst she herself +lives for a long time at a foreign court. As the hero, when he comes +home again, doesn’t find her, he goes into the Holy Land to fight with +the infidels. After various adventures he finds his wife and children +after a tournament at a foreign court. They return home gladly, and +celebrate their nuptials by great festivals. The cruel father is duly +punished.</p> + +<p>On entering into details, however, we find considerable discrepancies +between the two romances. First, the names are altogether different. +(Eglamour = Torrent. Crystyabelle = Desonelle. Prynsamour = Calamond. +Organata = Gendres. Degrabelle = Antony fice Greffoun.) The stage of the +plot is in <i>Eglamour</i> Artois, Rome, and Egypt; in <i>Torrent</i> +Portugal, Norway, and Calabre. Only the Holy Land is mentioned in both. +There the children are carried off by wild beasts, saved by princes and +brought up; there the hero fights against the infidels.</p> + +<p>The differences of the plot itself are the following:</p> + +<p>1. Eglamour confesses his love to Crystyabelle before his deeds; +a squire is the go-between in his suit; Eglamour finds love in +return. In <i>Torrent</i> Desonelle does not know that she is adored by +the hero till after his first exploit. See <a href = "#line110">ll. +109</a>, <a href = "#line445">448</a>.</p> + +<p>2. Accordingly, Eglamour, setting out on adventures, receives two +greyhounds and a sword of St. Paul from Crystyabelle as presents, +whereas Torrent gets an ambler from his lady love, but not till after +his first deed.</p> + +<p>3. Prynsamour charges Eglamour with three deeds by which he +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_xxix" id = "page_xxix">xxix</a></span> +is to gain Crystyabelle. Torrent is obliged to undertake not less than +five combats.</p> + +<p>4. In <i>Torrent</i> the combats of the hero are enlarged and adorned +by additions not to be found in <i>Eglamour</i>. The latter does not +release the daughters and sons of kings, nor does he find precious +swords in the castles of the giants, nor is he deceived by a king’s +counterfeit letter, which causes Torrent a dangerous struggle and the +rivalry of a foreign prince. Only in <i>Eglamour</i> (ll. 40-48) some +knights are mentioned who came to win Crystyabelle by jousting, but were +all vanquished by Eglamour.</p> + +<p>The greatest differences are found in the second halves of the +stories.</p> + +<p>5. Crystyabelle has one child by Eglamour; Desonelle has two by +Torrent.</p> + +<p>6. Crystyabelle is driven away into Egypt, where she is graciously +received by the king. Desonelle finds refuge in the court of the king of +Nazareth.</p> + +<p>7. Degrabelle, the son of Crystyabelle, is saved and brought up by +the king of Israel; the sons of Desonelle by the kings of Greece and +Jerusalem.</p> + +<p>8. The father of Crystyabelle is not punished like Calamond in +<i>Torrent</i>, immediately after the hero’s return, but he dies at the +end of the poem, throwing himself down from the battlements.</p> + +<p>9. Degrabelle is sent, when fifteen years old, into Egypt by his +adoptive father to sue for a spouse. In a joust he gains the hand of his +mother and marries her. On the very wedding-day the mother recognizes +her son by his escutcheon, and the marriage is instantly dissolved. +Quite differently does the story run in <i>Sir Torrent</i>. Leobertus, +fifteen years old, marches by order of the king of Jerusalem against his +father, and takes him prisoner, but at length solicits his release.</p> + +<p>10. The tournament, which in both poems compasses the reunion of the +separated family, is brought on in a different manner. In +<i>Eglamour</i> Degrabelle himself proposes the hand of his mother as +the prize in the next tournament, to which his father comes. In +<i>Torrent</i> Desonelle, hearing of the victories of the strange +knight, supposes +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_xxx" id = "page_xxx">xxx</a></span> +him to be her spouse from his arms, and at her request a tournament is +arranged. (Her hand seems to have been likewise the prize, as may be +gleaned from l. <ins class = "correction" title = +". missing">2440.</ins>)</p> + +<p>11. At the very end of the poems two slight differences are to be +noted: in <i>Eglamour</i>, Degrabelle marries Organata, daughter of the +king of Sidon, whereas the sons of Torrent return into Greece and +Jerusalem. Eglamour is crowned prince of Artois; Torrent is elected +Emperor of Rome.</p> + +<p>From this comparison we may conclude that <i>Torrent</i> is not +directly founded upon <i>Eglamour</i>, or <i>vice versâ</i>; the +differences are too great to justify the supposition that either is +drawn from the other. Especially is the opinion of Halliwell, which I +mentioned above, to be rejected: <i>Sir Torrent</i> cannot be founded on +<i>Sir Eglamour</i>, simply because it agrees more closely with the old +legendary tale than <i>Syr Eglamour</i> does, and has preserved some +essential features not to be found in <i>Eglamour</i>, in which these +are supplanted by others. Desonelle, for instance, has two children +according to the old legend, Crystyabelle one; Torrent must fight and +suffer in heathen lands like Eustache, whereas Eglamour appears as a +mere knight-errant. Further, neither in the Eustache legend nor in +<i>Torrent</i> do we find the history of the son who marries his mother, +which motive the poet may have taken from the legend of Pope Gregory, or +perhaps from the tale of <i>Syr Degaré</i>.</p> + +<p>But how can the resemblance of the leading features and the +discrepancies in particulars be explained? I think the most +probable conjecture is, that an old poem, now lost, existed, with which +the authors of <i>Sir Eglamour</i> and of <i>Sir Torrent</i> were +acquainted; but not having a MS. of it, or knowing it by heart, both of +them made up their minds to rewrite the story in a well-known metre, +changing, omitting, adding whatever they liked, even filling up the gaps +in their memories by invention. Both of them recollected the first half +of the story better than the second.</p> + +<p>That this poem was an English one seems to be shown by a good many +verbal coincidences in both poems; these I accordingly suppose to have +belonged to the lost original. They are, indeed, too frequent to be +counted simply amongst the large stock of conventional +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_xxxi" id = "page_xxxi">xxxi</a></span> +phrases which are to be met with in every poem of this kind. Here they +are:—</p> + +<table class = "parallel" summary = "side-by-side texts"> +<tr> +<th><a name = "parallel" id = "parallel">Eglamour.</a></th> +<th>Torrent.</th> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>The boke of Rome th<i>u</i>s can telle. +<span class = "linenum">408, 561, 886</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>As the boke of Rome tellys. +<span class = "linenum right">187, 924, 1450, 1924</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>Ther ys a jeaunt here besyde, +<span class = "linenum">478</span></p> +<p>That sorowe doyth ferre and wyde.</p> +<p class = "indent">On us and odur moo.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>There ys a gyante here besyde,</p> +<p>In ale thys covntre fare and wyde,</p> +<p class = "indent">No man on lyve levythe hee. +<span class = "linenum right">960</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>And alle prayed for that knyght. +<span class = "linenum">573</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>For hym all̴ they pray. +<span class = "linenum right">108</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>Alle that in the cyté ware. +<span class = "linenum">598</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>All̴ that in<sup>)</sup> the sytte were. +<span class = "linenum right">1047</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>Alle that cuntrey was fulle fayne, +<span class = "linenum">640</span></p> +<p>That he homeward was comyn ageyne.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Gentilmen were blith and ffayn<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum right">1098</span></p> +<p>That he in helth was comyn<sup>)</sup> agayn<sup>)</sup>.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>Aftur sopur, as y yow telle,</p> +<p>He wendyd to chaumber with Crystyabelle. +<span class = "linenum">670, 671</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>After mete, as I you tell̴,</p> +<p>To speke with mayden Desonell̴</p> +<p class = "indent">To her chamber he went. +<span class = "linenum right">1358-60</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>That lady was not for to hyde, +<span class = "linenum">673-75</span></p> +<p>She sett hym on hur beddys syde,</p> +<p class = "indent">And welcomyd home that knyght.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>The damysell̴ so moche of pride,</p> +<p>Set hym on<sup>)</sup> her bed-syde,</p> +<p class = "indent">And said ‘welcom<sup>)</sup> verament.’ +<span class = "linenum right">1363</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>So gracyously he come hur tylle, +<span class = "linenum">679</span></p> +<p>Of poyntes of armys he schewyd hur hys fylle, +<span class = "linenum">680</span></p> +<p class = "indent">That there they dwellyd alle nyȝt.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Such gestenyng he a-right,</p> +<p>That there he dwellid all̴ nyȝt</p> +<p class = "indent">With that lady gent. +<span class = "linenum right">1364-66</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>A golde rynge y schalle geve the, +<span class = "linenum">715</span></p> +<p>Kepe yt wele my lady free,</p> +<p class = "indent">Yf Cryste sende the a chylde! +<span class = "linenum">717</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Thes gold rynges I shall̴ yeve the,</p> +<p>Kepe them well̴, my lady ffre,</p> +<p class = "indent">Yf god a child vs send! +<span class = "linenum right">1396-1398</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>Doghtur, into the see schalt thou, +<span class = "linenum">803</span></p> +<p>Yn a schypp alone,</p> +<p>And that bastard that to the ys dere!</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>There fore thou shalt in to the see</p> +<p>And that bastard with-in the! +<span class = "linenum right">1793</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>Sche prayed hur gentylwomen so free,</p> +<p>Grete wele my lord, whon ye hym see! +<span class = "linenum">826, 827</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>She said ‘knyghtis and ladyes gent,</p> +<p>Grete well̴ my lord sir Torrent,</p> +<p class = "indent">Yeff ye hym<sup>)</sup> euer sene! +<span class = "linenum right">1837-39</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>Hur yonge sone away he bare. +<span class = "linenum">842</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>A way he bare her yong son<sup>)</sup>. +<span class = "linenum right">1871</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>Thys chylde ys comyn of gentylle blode,</p> +<p>Where that ever that he was tane. +<span class = "linenum">863</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>This chylde is come of gentill̴ teme,</p> +<p>Where euer this beest hym<sup>)</sup> ffond. +<span class = "linenum right">1923</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>Kepe we thys lady whyte as flowre,</p> +<p>And speke we of syr Egyllamowre. +<span class = "linenum">950</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Leve we now that lady gent,</p> +<p>And speke we of sir Torrent. +<span class = "linenum right">2080-81</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>The knyght swownyd in that tyde. +<span class = "linenum">975</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Swith on sownyng there he fell̴. +<span class = "linenum right">2093</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>Be the XV yerys were comyn and gone,</p> +<p>The chylde that the grype hath tane,</p> +<p>Waxe bothe bold and stronge. +<span class = "linenum">1018-20</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>And be the VII yere were gone,</p> +<p>The child that the liberd had tane,</p> +<p>Found hym his fill̴ off ffyght. +<span class = "linenum right">2233-35</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>Yn yustyng ne in turnament +<span class = "linenum">1021</span></p> +<p>Ther myght no man withsytt hys dynte,</p> +<p class = "indent">But to the erthe them thronge. +<span class = "linenum">1023</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>With heve tymbyr and ovyrryde +<span class = "linenum right">40</span></p> +<p>Ther myght no man<sup>)</sup> hys dent abyde,</p> +<p class = "indent">But to the erthe he them strake. +<span class = "linenum right">42</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>Be thre wekys were comyn to ȝende,</p> +<p>Yn the londe of Egypt can they lende. +<span class = "linenum">1057</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>But ore thre wekes were com̅yn<sup>)</sup> to end,</p> +<p>To Portynggall̴ gan he wend. +<span class = "linenum right">373</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>Gentilmen that herde of thys crye,</p> +<p>Thedur come they redylye. +<span class = "linenum">1195-96</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Gret lordys that herith this crye,</p> +<p>Theder come richely. +<span class = "linenum right">2431-32</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>Syr Egyllamour knelyd on his kne,</p> +<p>‘A Lorde God ȝylde hyt the! +<span class = "linenum">1288-89</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Torent knelid vppon<sup>)</sup> his knee +<span class = "linenum right">2575</span></p> +<p>And said ‘God yeld you, lordys ffree!</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_xxxii" id = "page_xxxii">xxxii</a></span> +<p>In swounynge than felle that lady free,</p> +<p>‘Welcome, syr Eglamour, to me!</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>She said ‘welcom<sup>)</sup>, my lord sir Torent!</p> +<p>And so be ye, my lady gent!</p> +<p class = "indent">In sownyng than fell̴ she. +<span class = "linenum right">2505</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "center"> +<ins class = "correction" title = "line also printed at bottom of preceding page"><i>Eglamour</i>, +Linc. MS. Note on 1267:</ins> +</td> +<td></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>Grete lordis thane told scho sone.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Gret lordys told she sone. +<span class = "linenum right">2539</span></p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>Perhaps some more light will be thrown on this question when we get +the much-wanted critical edition of <i>Sir Eglamour</i>; but I fear that +the ‘secret history attached to the source of these romances’ will even +then remain to be unravelled. What I have proposed has no title to a +better name than a conjecture.</p> + + +<h4><a name = "intro_5" id = "intro_5" href = "#intro">§ 5.</a> THE +ARRANGEMENT OF THE EDITION.</h4> + +<p>As to the only MS. in which this romance has come down to us, +I have mentioned before that it is exceedingly corrupt; many +conjectures, more or less sure, were necessary in order to restore +metre, rhyme, and meaning; the greater part of them seemed worthy to be +entered in the text, the rest being offered in the notes. No attempt has +been made to introduce a uniform character of dialect, considering the +quite unsettled state of orthography in early times. The only exceptions +are where the sounds are fully determined by the rhyme. In general the +orthography of the MS. has been reproduced as accurately as possible. +The contractions used by the scribe are expanded and printed in italics. +At the beginning of a new period, or a proper name within the line, +capitals have been introduced. From l. 1200, where the numeration of my +text no longer coincides with that of Halliwell’s edition, the +line-numbers of the latter are added in brackets.</p> + +<p>The fragments which I have added as an appendix to the text have been +consulted in all cases of difficulty, and proved of no little service in +correcting the blunders of the manuscript; they contain indeed a +somewhat better text than the MS., though they are by no means free from +clerical errors. A detailed comparison gives the following +result:</p> + +<p>In fifty-one lines the text of the fragments is evidently correcter +than the MS.:</p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_xxxiii" id = "page_xxxiii">xxxiii</a></span> + +<table class = "parallel" summary = "parallel texts"> +<tr> +<th>Fragments.</th> +<th>Manuscript.</th> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>The kyng of Nazareth sent hym me,</p> +<p>Torent, I wot-saue hym on the. +<span class = "linenum">466</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>The kyng of Portynggall̴ seyd, ‘So mot I the!</p> +<p>Torrent, I wet-saffe of the.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>The kyng wolde fayne that he ded were,</p> +<p>And he wyst nat on what manere. +<span class = "linenum">472</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>The kyng wolde fayne that he wer ded,</p> +<p>And hym wyst in what maner.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>To Torent that was true as stele, +<span class = "linenum">477</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>To Torrent trew ase styll̴,</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>In what londe that they brede. +<span class = "linenum">487</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>In what lond they ne bred.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>He bestrode a noble stede. +<span class = "linenum">502</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Tho he bestrod another stede.</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>Cf. 489, 498, 507-10, 512-15, 822, 825, 831, 833, 834, 837, 845, 848, +851, 929, 932, 933, 935, 947, 948, 951, 952, 958, 965, 968-70, 1807, +1808, 1810, 1827, 1828, 1831, 1834-36, 1844, 1854, 1866.</p> + +<p>Forty-eight lines are coincident: 468, 470, 474, 479, 480, 486, 487, +495, 499, 501, 504, 505, 520, 823, 832, 842, 844, 846, 917, 918, 921, +922, 927, 928, 936, 938, 953, 957, 962, 1809, 1813-17, 1819-21, 1823, +1830, 1832, 1838, 1847, 1850, 1851-52, 1863, 1865.</p> + +<p>In ninety-one lines it is doubtful which reading is to be considered +as the original one:</p> + +<table class = "parallel" summary = "parallel texts"> +<tr> +<th>Fragments.</th> +<th>Manuscript.</th> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>As they walkyd by the ryvers syde. +<span class = "linenum">469</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Ase the went be the watyres syd.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>Howe he myght hym shent. +<span class = "linenum">473</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>How he schuld be schent.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>The kyng sayde ‘what may this be?</p> +<p>Lorde, it is sent to me</p> +<p>For a faucon shene. +<span class = "linenum">483-85</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Syr, he seyd, what may thys be?</p> +<p>Loo, lord, come ner and see</p> +<p>Abowght a facon schene.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>Than sayde the kyng vntrue,</p> +<p>‘And ye fynde hawes of great value,</p> +<p>Brynge me one with the! +<span class = "linenum">492-94</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>And than seyd the kyng ontrew,</p> +<p>‘Yf thow get hawkys of great valew,</p> +<p>Bryng on of them to me!</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>Of thy dowghter hende. +<span class = "linenum">836</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Of yowr dowghttyr hend.</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>Cf. 467, 475, 476, 478, 481, 482, 488, 496, 497, 500, 506, 511, +516-20, 821, 824, 826, 827, 829, 830, 835, 838-41, 843, 847, 850, 919, +920, 923, 925-26, 930-31, 934, 937, 939, 940-43, 945, 946, 949, 950, +954, 955, 959, 960-61, 963, 964, 966, 967, 1811, 1812, 1818, 1822, 1825, +1826, 1829, 1837, 1840, 1842, 1843, 1845-46, 1848-49, 1853, 1855-62, +1864.</p> + +<p>In eleven lines the text of the MS. is superior to that of the +fragment:</p> + +<table class = "parallel" summary = "parallel texts"> +<tr> +<th>Fragments.</th> +<th>Manuscript.</th> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>‘Ye, by my trouthe!’ sayd Torente. +<span class = "linenum">828</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>‘Ye, be trouthe!’ seyd Torrent than.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>Delycyous notes on hyghe. +<span class = "linenum">944</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Delycyous nottis on hyght.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>Frowarde the se. +<span class = "linenum">956</span></p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Froward the sytte.</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>Cf. 488, 503, 820, 849, 924, 1824, 1833, 1839.</p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page_xxxiv" id = "page_xxxiv">xxxiv</a></span> +<p>As to the sixth fragment, 1014-36, and the beginning of the first (in +Halliwell’s edition the third), 462-64, in which, as above mentioned, +not much more than the rhyming words are preserved, they have nearly the +same relation to the MS. as the other ones.</p> + +<p>In the following passages they correct the rhymes of the MS.: 1017, +1018, 1028, 1033. Coincident rhymes: 1014, 1015, 1019, 1026, 1027, 1032, +1034-36. Undecided: 1020, 1021, 1023-24, 1029-30, 462-64. The rhymes of +the MS. are preferable in ll. 1016, 1022, 1025, 1031.</p> + +<p>I need only add, that all the discrepancies between the MS. and the +fragments, however numerous they may be, concern, for the most part, +things of little importance; they are caused especially by the frequent +change of synonymous terms, by the difference of expletive words and +phrases, the transposition of words, the change of tenses, and so on. +But as there is nowhere any essential difference to be traced, we may +conjecture with great probability that the early printed edition of the +romance was taken from a manuscript which was pretty nearly related to +the Manchester MS., though somewhat more correctly written.</p> + +<p>I gladly take the present opportunity of acknowledging my very great +obligation to Prof. Koelbing, from whom I have received ample assistance +throughout the whole of this work. It would be absolutely impossible to +me entirely to discriminate his part from mine. He carefully revised the +introduction, notes, and the glossary, before they went to press, and +after they came from it, and he looked several times through the proofs +of the text. Nor am I less indebted to Mr. Joseph Hall at Manchester, +who not only kindly read the proofs of the text with the MS. in the +Chetham Library, but also contributed some valuable notes, which are +marked by his name. The Director has added the head-lines and +side-notes.</p> + +</div> +<!-- end div intro --> + +<hr /> + +<h4>Footnotes to Introduction</h4> + +<div class = "footnote"> +<p><a name = "note1" id = "note1" href = "#tag1">1.</a> +Halliwell says, Preface v f.: ‘It is very incorrectly written, and the +copy of the romance of Torrent of Portugal, which occupies 88 pages of +the book, contains so many obvious blunders and omissions, that it may +be conjectured with great probability to have been written down from +oral recitation<ins class = "correction" title = +"close quote missing or invisible">.’</ins></p> + +<p><a name = "note2" id = "note2" href = "#tag2">2.</a> +The rhymes with <i>tane</i> and with <i>John</i> are not quoted, as +these words occur also as <i>tone</i> and <i>Johan</i>; they are, +therefore, of no use in fixing the sound of the <i>â</i>.</p> + +<p><a name = "note3" id = "note3" href = "#tag3">3.</a> +On this term see <i>Octavian</i>, ed. Sarrazin, p. xxxviii.</p> + +<p><a name = "note4" id = "note4" href = "#tag4">4.</a> +See Warton’s opinion upon the legendary origin of many romances, +<i>History of Engl. Poetry</i>, London, 1824, I. p. ccxliv: ‘Many +romances were at first little more than legends of devotion, containing +the pilgrimage of an old warrior. At length, as chivalry came into +vogue, the youthful and active part of the pilgrim’s life was also +written. The penitent changed into the knight-errant.’ Sometimes, of +course, the opposite change may have taken place, as for instance is +probably the case with the story of the two faithful friends, Amis and +Amiloun (cf. Koelbing, <i>Amis</i>, p. lxxxi), and with the story of +Robert the Devil (cf. <i>Sir Gowther</i>, ed. Breul, p. 74).</p> + +<p><a name = "note5" id = "note5" href = "#tag4">5.</a> +See the edition of <i>The worthie Hystorie of Plasidas</i>, 1566, by +H. H. Gibbs, for the Roxburghe Club, 1873.</p> + +<p><a name = "note6" id = "note6" href = "#tag6">6.</a> +<i>Guill. d’Engleterre</i>, ed. Fr. Michel, <i>Chron. Anglo-Norm.</i>, +III. 39-172. On the authorship of this poem see C. Hofmann, +<i>Sitzungsberichte der Münch. Akad.</i>, 1870, II. p. 51, and P. +Meyer, <i>Romania</i>, VIII. p. 815 f.</p> + +<p><a name = "note7" id = "note7" href = "#tag7">7.</a> +<i>Die gute Frau</i>, ed. E. Sommer in Haupt’s <i>Zeitschrift für +deutsches Alterthum</i>, II. 389.</p> + +<p><a name = "note8" id = "note8" href = "#tag8">8.</a> +<i>Der Graf v. Savoyen</i>, ed. F. <ins class = "correction" title = +"text has H.,">H.</ins> v. d. Hagen, <i>Minnesinger</i>, IV. 640, and +Eschenburg, <i>Denkmäler altdeutscher Dichtkunst</i>, Bremen, 1799.</p> + +<p><a name = "note9" id = "note9" href = "#tag9">9.</a> +On this text see Sarrazin, <i>Octav.</i>, p. xlv; he speaks of “die +entstellte, spielmannsmässig zersungene Form, in der die Thornton Ms uns +die legende überliefert. . . . . . dasselbe Pathos, dieselbe +Sentimentalität und Frömmelei, aber auch dieselbe anschauliche und +lebhafte Erzählungsweise (sc. as in Oct.).”</p> + +<p><a name = "note10" id = "note10" href = "#tag10">10.</a> +<i>The Thornton Romances</i>, p. xxii f. ‘The romance of <i>Torrent</i> +is partly founded upon the story related in <i>Sir Eglamour</i>. The +names are changed, but the resemblance is too striking to have been the +result of chance. The treachery of the sovereign, the prowess of the +knight, the indiscretions and misfortunes of the lady, and the happy +conclusion of her misfortunes, these form the leading incidents of each +romance . . . . there is, perhaps, a secret history +attached to the source of these romances that remains to be +unravelled.’</p> + +<p><a name = "note11" id = "note11" href = "#tag11">11.</a> +Cf. Koelbing’s <i>Englische Studien</i>, vii. p. 191 ff.</p> + +<p><a name = "note12" id = "note12" href = "#tag12">12.</a> +Cf. <i>The Thornton Romances</i>, p. xxv ff., and p. xxxvi.</p> + +<p><a name = "note13" id = "note13" href = "#tag13">13.</a> +See the following passages which Halliwell has quoted in the notes: +<i>Eglam.</i> 54, 96, 107, 111, 122, 128, 139, 153, 177, 195, 213, 247, +337, 347, 399, 445, 572, 605, 614, 737, 740, 765, 858, 883, 945, 985, +1081, 1143, 1206, 1216.</p> + +<p><a name = "note14" id = "note14" href = "#tag14">14.</a> +See <i>Eglamour</i>, notes on ll. 1064, 1082, 1267.</p> +</div> + + +<div class = "torrent"> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page1" id = "page1">1</a></span> + +<p class = "illustration"> +<a name = "torrent" id = "torrent"> </a><br /> +<img src = "images/torrent1.png" width = "280" height = "37" +alt = "Torrent of Portyngale." title = "Torrent of Portyngale." /></p> + +<p> </p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 76<i>a</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">Here bygynneth a good tale</p> +<p class = "indent">Of Torrente of Portyngale.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza1" id = "stanza1" href = "#notes_stz1"> +(1)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +<i>leaf</i> 1</span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +May God give</span> +<p><b>G</b>od, that ys worthy and Bold,</p> +<p>Heuen<sup>)</sup> and Erthe haue In hold,</p> +<p class = "indent">Fyld, watyr, and wynde,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +us grace to win Heaven!</span> +<p>Yeve vse g<i>ra</i>ce hevyn<sup>)</sup> to wyne,</p> +<p>And brynge vs owt off Dedly synne +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line5" id = "line5">5</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">And In thy s<i>er</i>uyse to Ende!</p> +<p>A stounde and ye woll̴ lyst be-Dene,</p> +<p>Ale dowghtty men<sup>)</sup> þ<i>a</i>t Euyr hathe +b<i>e</i>n<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">Wher So that they lende,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +I’ll tell you of a doughty knight.</span> +<p>I Schall̴ yow tell̴, ore I hense pase, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line10" id = "line10">10</a></span></p> +<p>Off a knyght, þ<i>a</i>t Dowghtty wase,</p> +<p class = "indent">In Rome ase clarkys ffynde.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +8. <i>byn</i> MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza2" id = "stanza2" href = "#notes_stz2"> +(2)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +He dwelt in Portugal,</span> +<p>In Portynggall̴, that Ryche londe,</p> +<p>An Erell̴ that wase wonande,</p> +<p class = "indent">That curtese wase and <i>wyght</i>; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line15" id = "line15">15</a></span></p> +<p>Sone aftyr he had a sone,</p> +<p>The feyerest þ<i>a</i>t on fot myght gon,</p> +<p class = "indent">Tyrrant, men seyd, he hyght.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and fought well when 18.</span> +<p>Be tyme he wase XVIII yer<sup>)</sup> old,</p> +<p>Of dedd<i>es</i> of armys he wase bold, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line20" id = "line20">20</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">To felle bothe kyng and knyght;</p> +<p>And now com<i>m</i>ythe dethe appon a day</p> +<p>And takythe hys father<sup>)</sup>, ase I yow sey,</p> +<p class = "indent">For God ys most of myght.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>15. <i>wyght</i>] <i>Dowghtty</i> MS.</p> + +<p>21. <i>felle</i>] first <i>l</i> above the line MS.</p> +</div> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page2" id = "page2">2</a></span> +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT LOVES DESONELL.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza3" id = "stanza3" href = "#notes_stz3"> +(3)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King</span> +<p>The kyng of Portynggall̴ wase fayne, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line25" id = "line25">25</a></span></p> +<p>To-warde hym he takythe Torrayne,</p> +<p class = "indent">That Dowghtty ys in<sup>)</sup> dedde;</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +gives Torrent an earldom,</span> +<p>And ther he fesomnyd in<sup>)</sup> hys hond</p> +<p>A good Eyrldom in<sup>)</sup> that lond,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 76<i>b</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">Bothe forest and <i>fede</i>. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line30" id = "line30">30</a></span></p> +<p>The kyng hathe a dowghttyr <i>whyte</i> ase <i>fame</i>,</p> +<p>Dys<i>o</i>ne<i>ll</i> wase her name,</p> +<p class = "indent">Worthyest in wede.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and he falls in love with the King’s daughter Desonell,</span> +<p>When Torrent had of her<sup>)</sup> a syght,</p> +<p>More he lovyd that swet<i>e</i> wy<i>gh</i>t +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line35" id = "line35">35</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Than<sup>)</sup> all̴ ys fathyrys l<i>e</i>de.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>30. <i>fede</i>] <i>Downe</i> MS.</p> + +<p>31. <i>whyte ase fame</i>] <i>feyer ase flowyr</i> MS.</p> + +<p>32. <i>Dyscenys</i>, MS.</p> + +<p>35. <i>swete</i>] <i>swet</i>, MS.<br /> +<i>wyght</i>] <i>wyte</i> MS.</p> + +<p>36. <i>lede</i>] <i>londe</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza4" id = "stanza4">(4)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +and for her,</span> +<p>For love of thys lady Deyr<sup>)</sup></p> +<p>In dede of armys far and nere</p> +<p class = "indent">Aventorr<i>es</i> gan he take</p> +<p>W<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> heve tymbyr and ovyr-Ryde, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line40" id = "line40">40</a></span></p> +<p>Ther myght no man<sup>)</sup> hys dent a-bydde,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +unhorses many knights.</span> +<p class = "indent">But to the Erthe he them str<i>a</i>ke.</p> +<p>Her father and other knyghtt<i>es</i> mo</p> +<p>Had farly, how he Ryd soo,</p> +<p class = "indent">And on a day to hyme spake, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line45" id = "line45">45</a></span></p> +<p>He Seyd: ‘Torrent, howe may thys byne,</p> +<p>That thow Dysp<i>i</i>syst thes knyghtt<i>es</i> kene</p> +<p class = "indent">And ordurr<i>es</i> non woll̴ take?’</p> +</div> +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>39. <i>A ventorres</i> MS.</p> + +<p>42. <i>stroke</i> MS.</p> + +<p>47. <i>dysplesyst</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza5" id = "stanza5" href = "#notes_stz5"> +(5)</a></h5> + +<p>Torrent sayd: ‘So mvt I the,</p> +<p>An other sayment woll̴ I <i>s</i>ee, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line50" id = "line50">50</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Ore I take ordor of knyght.’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King</span> +<p>Tho he sware be hevyn kyng,</p> +<p>Ther wase told hym a wondyr-thyng<sup>)</sup></p> +<p class = "indent">In hys chambyr to nyght:</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page3" id = "page3">3</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +knows that Torrent loves his daughter,</span> +<p>‘For<sup>)</sup> the love of my doughter dere +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line55" id = "line55">55</a></span></p> +<p>Thow makyst good far and nere</p> +<p class = "indent">In<sup>)</sup> Dedde of armys bryght;</p> +<p>And wyt thow wyll̴, so god me saue,</p> +<p>Thow schalt her<sup>)</sup> wyne, yf thow her haue,</p> +<p class = "indent">Be thow neuyr so wy<i>g</i>ht!’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line60" id = "line60">60</a></span></p> +</div> +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>50. <i>And</i> MS.<br /> +<i>see</i>] <i>bee</i> MS.</p> + +<p>60. <i>wyght</i>] <i>wyttht</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +THE KING ASKS TORRENT TO FIGHT A GREEK GIANT.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza6" id = "stanza6"> +(6)</a></h5> + +<p>Torrent sayd: ‘Be Marry dere,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 77<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>And I were off armyse clere,</p> +<p class = "indent">Yowr Dowghttyr me leve were.’</p> +<p>The kyng seyd: ‘Yf yt be soo,</p> +<p>Ore VII yere be a-go, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line65" id = "line65">65</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">More schall̴ we here:</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and asks him if, for her sake, he’ll fight</span> +<p>Durst thow, for my dowghttyr sake,</p> +<p>A poynt of armys for to take</p> +<p class = "indent">W<i>i</i>t<i>h</i>-owt helpe of fere?’</p> +<p>Than seyd Torrant: ‘So god me sped, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line70" id = "line70">70</a></span></p> +<p>W<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> anny man<sup>)</sup> that syttythe on stede</p> +<p class = "indent">Other far ore nere!’</p> +</div> +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>61. <i>Marry</i>] <i>e</i> corrected into <i>y</i>.</p> + +<p>65. <i>a-go</i>] <i>a gone</i>, <i>ne</i> struck out, MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza7" id = "stanza7" href = "#notes_stz7"> +(7)</a></h5> + +<p>Ther-of the kyng<sup>)</sup> for tene wax wode:</p> +<p>‘Yf thow wylt make thy body good,</p> +<p class = "indent">Be trew and hold thy cont<i>ena</i>nce<span class = +"dots"> . . . . . . .</span> +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line75" id = "line75">75</a></span></p> +<p>Tho seyd Torrant: ‘So god me sped ere!</p> +<p>And I wyst, in<sup>)</sup> what sted they were,</p> +<p class = "indent">Fore no man<sup>)</sup> wold I cha<i>u</i>nce.’</p> +</div> +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>75. <i>contnnce</i> MS.</p> + +<p>78. <i>chaunce</i>] corrected out of <i>change</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza8" id = "stanza8" href = "#notes_stz8"> +(8)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +a Giant in the Greek sea.</span> +<p>‘In to the Grek<i>es</i> see a mylle</p> +<p>Ther ly<i>v</i>ythe a gyant <i>in an</i> yle, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line80" id = "line80">80</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Full̴ Euyll̴ thow dourst hyme stond.</p> +<p>My fayer<sup>)</sup> forest<i>es</i> fellythe downe he</p> +<p>And Ryche castell<i>es</i> in<sup>)</sup> that contre,</p> +<p class = "indent">No ston lettythe he stond.’</p> +</div> +<p class = "linenote"> +80. <i>lyvythe</i>] <i>lyghttythe</i> MS.<br /> +<i>in an yle</i>] <i>mauyle</i> MS.</p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page4" id = "page4">4</a></span> +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT IS TO FIGHT THE GIANT BEGONMESE.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza9" id = "stanza9">(9)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent</span> +<p><b>T</b>errent sayd: ‘Be Marre bryght, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line85" id = "line85">85</a></span></p> +<p>Yt ys gret sorrow that he hathe syght,</p> +<p class = "indent">The devyll̴ of hell̴ hym blynd!’</p> +<p>The <i>kyng</i> sayd: ‘P<i>ar</i> la-more de dewe,</p> +<p>Thow darryst full̴ evyll̴ w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> thy Ey hym sewe,</p> +<p class = "indent">He wold fell̴ the w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> hys wynde.’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line90" id = "line90">90</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +agrees to fight</span> +<p>‘Now, be my trowthe,’ seyd Torrent than<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>‘Ase I ame a jentylman<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">Yf I may hym fynd,</p> +<p>Won fot woll̴ I not fro hym pase,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 77<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>Thow he be stronger<sup>)</sup> than Samson<sup>)</sup> wase, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line95" id = "line95">95</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Or anny man<sup>)</sup> of <i>hys</i> kynd!’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>86. <i>he</i>] written above the line, MS.</p> + +<p>88. <i>kyng</i>] <i>knyght</i> MS.</p> + +<p>96. <i>hys</i>] om. MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza10" id = "stanza10">(10)</a></h5> + +<p>Hys squyerys, they mornyd s<i>a</i>re,</p> +<p>W<i>i</i>t<i>h</i>-owt fere that he schold fare</p> +<p class = "indent">To that gret iorney,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +the Giant Begonmese,</span> +<p>W<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> the gyant heygh for to fyght. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line100" id = "line100">100</a></span></p> +<p>Be-gon<sup>)</sup>-mese that gyant hyght,</p> +<p class = "indent">That fyndd<i>es</i> f<i>e</i>re for aye.</p> +<p>To arme hyme Torrant g<i>a</i>s,</p> +<p>Hys good stede w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> hym he ta<i>s</i>,</p> +<p class = "indent">W<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> owt squyer<sup>)</sup> that Day. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line105" id = "line105">105</a></span></p> +<p>He takythe leve at lorddys hend,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and sets out.</span> +<p>And on hys wey gan he wynd,</p> +<p class = "indent">For hym all̴ they p<i>ra</i>y.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>97. <i>sore</i> MS.</p> + +<p>102. <i>fare</i> MS.</p> + +<p>103. <i>gas</i>] <i>goos</i> MS.</p> + +<p>104. <i>tas</i>] <i>takythe</i> MS.</p> + +<p>108. <i>pray</i>] <i>prayd</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza11" id = "stanza11">(11)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +Desonell knows not that it is for love of her.</span> +<p>Lytyll̴ wyst Desonell̴ that jente,</p> +<p>For whos love that he went +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line110" id = "line110">110</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">To fyght w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> that knave.</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page5" id = "page5">5</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +God give Torrent victory!</span> +<p>Now god, that Dyed appon a Rode,</p> +<p>Strengithe hym bothe bone and blod,</p> +<p class = "indent">The fyld for to haue!</p> +<p>He that schall̴ wend soche a wey, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line115" id = "line115">115</a></span></p> +<p>Yt were nede for hym to p<i>ra</i>y,</p> +<p class = "indent">That I<i>es</i>u hym schuld saue.</p> +<p>Yt ys in<sup>)</sup> the boke of Rome,</p> +<p>Ther was no knyght of kyrstendome,</p> +<p class = "indent">That jorney Durst crave. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line120" id = "line120">120</a></span></p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT SEES THE GIANT SLEEPING.</span></p> + + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza12" id = "stanza12">(12)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +After 6 days’ ride</span> +<p>VI days Rydythe he</p> +<p>By the cost of the feyer<sup>)</sup> see,</p> +<p class = "indent">To seke the gyant kene.</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 78<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>By the cost as he Rode,</p> +<p>In a forest longe and brode +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line125" id = "line125">125</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">And symly wase to se<i>n</i>e,</p> +<p>Hey sperrys ther he fonde</p> +<p>And gret olyvys growonde</p> +<p class = "indent">Coverd in<sup>)</sup> levys <i>grene</i>.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +he sees the Giant asleep.</span> +<p>Sone wase he ware, ase y yow say, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line130" id = "line130">130</a></span></p> +<p>Vppon a movnteyn<sup>)</sup> ther he laye</p> +<p class = "indent">On slepe, ase I wene.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>123. <i>seke</i>] <i>ches</i>, struck out, <i>seke</i> written over +with paler ink.</p> + +<p>126. <i>see</i> MS.</p> + +<p>129. <i>grene</i>] <i>smale</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza13" id = "stanza13" href = "#notes_stz13"> +(13)</a></h5> + +<p>Torrent, on kne knelyd he</p> +<p>And be-sowght J<i>es</i>u so fre,</p> +<p class = "indent">That bowght hym w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> hys blod: +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line135" id = "line135">135</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +He prays for Christ’s help.</span> +<p>‘Lord, ase thow dyd <i>r</i>yght for Mar<i>y</i>,</p> +<p>Let me nev<i>er</i> take velony</p> +<p class = "indent">And gef me of thy fode!</p> +<p>Sertt<i>es</i>, yf I hym slepyng<sup>)</sup> slone,</p> +<p>Manfull̴ Ded were yt none +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line140" id = "line140">140</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">For my body, be the Rode.’</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page6" id = "page6">6</a></span> +<p>Tho Terrant blewe hys bugell̴ bold,</p> +<p>To loke that he a-wake wold,</p> +<p class = "indent">And sythe ner<sup>)</sup> hyme Rode.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +136. <i>ryght</i>] <i>lyght</i> written above the line with paler +ink.<br /> +<i>mare</i> MS.</p> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT WAKES THE GIANT BEGONMESE.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza14" id = "stanza14" href = "#notes_stz14"> +(14)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +As Torrent can’t wake the Giant with his bugle,</span> +<p>So fast a-slepe he wase browght, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line145" id = "line145">145</a></span></p> +<p>Hys hornys blast a-woke hyme nowght,</p> +<p class = "indent">He swellyd ase dothe the see.</p> +<p>Torrent saw, he woll̴ not wake,</p> +<p>He Reynyd hys sted vnto a stake,</p> +<p class = "indent">Ase a jentyll̴ man<sup>)</sup> <i>so fre</i>. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line150" id = "line150">150</a></span></p> +<p>So hy, he say, wase the movnteyne,</p> +<p>Ther mygh<i>t</i> no horse wynd hym<sup>)</sup> +a-geyn<sup>)</sup></p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 78<i>b</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">But yf he nowyd wold be;</p> +<p>Thowe the wey neuyr<sup>)</sup> so wykkyd w<i>a</i>re,</p> +<p>On hys wey gan he fare, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line155" id = "line155">155</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">In<sup>)</sup> gret p<i>er</i>ayll̴ went hee.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>150. <i>so fre</i>] <i>in fere</i> MS.</p> + +<p>151. <i>say</i>] <i>sayd</i> MS.</p> + +<p>152. <i>mygh</i> (!) MS.</p> + +<p>154. <i>were</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza15" id = "stanza15">(15)</a></h5> + +<p>Torent went to that movnte<i>y</i>n<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +he stirs him up with his spear,</span> +<p>He put hys spere hyme a-geyne,</p> +<p class = "indent">‘A-Ryse, fellow!’ gan he saye;</p> +<p>‘Who made the so bold here to dwell̴, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line160" id = "line160">160</a></span></p> +<p>My lord<i>es</i> frethe thus to fell̴?</p> +<p class = "indent">A-mend<i>es</i> the be-hovythe to pay.’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and makes him wild.</span> +<p>The gyant Rysythe, ase he had byn<sup>)</sup> wod,</p> +<p>And Redyly by hyme stode,</p> +<p class = "indent">Be-syd hyme on a lay, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line165" id = "line165">165</a></span></p> +<p>And seyd: ‘S<i>er</i>tes, yf I leve,</p> +<p>Soche a wed I woll̴ the geff,</p> +<p class = "indent">To meve the Euyr<sup>)</sup> and ay.’</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +157. <i>movnten</i> MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza16" id = "stanza16" href = "#notes_stz16"> +(16)</a></h5> + +<p>Thow the chyld were neuyr<sup>)</sup> so y<i>i</i>nge,</p> +<p>The fynd<i>es</i> spere sparrythe hyme no-thyng<sup>)</sup> +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line170" id = "line170">170</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">I<i>n</i> the holtt<i>es</i> h<i>a</i>ree;</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page7" id = "page7">7</a></span> +<p>Who had fare and nere byne,</p> +<p>And neu<i>er</i> had of fytyng syn<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">He myght a lernyd th<i>a</i>re.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The fight begins.</span> +<p>The gyant, the fyrst stroke to hym he cast, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line175" id = "line175">175</a></span></p> +<p>His good schyld all̴ to-brast,</p> +<p class = "indent">In schevyr<i>es</i> spred wase <i>ya</i>re;</p> +<p>Tho covd he no bett<i>ur</i> R<i>e</i>d,</p> +<p>But stond styll̴, tyll̴ one were ded;</p> +<p class = "indent">The gyant lefte hym th<i>a</i>r. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line180" id = "line180">180</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>169. <i>yonge</i> MS.</p> + +<p>171. <i>In</i>] <i>Ihū</i> (!) MS.<br /> +<i>horee</i> MS.</p> + +<p>173. <i>seyn</i> MS.</p> + +<p>174. <i>there</i> MS.</p> + +<p>175. <i>to hym</i>] written above the line.</p> + +<p>177. <i>there</i> MS.</p> + +<p>178. <i>he no</i>] <i>not he</i> MS.<br /> +<i>Ryd</i> MS.</p> + +<p>180. <i>ther</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +THE GIANT BURSTS HIMSELF ON A ROCK.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza17" id = "stanza17" href = "#notes_stz17"> +(17)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent grips the Giant;</span> +<p>Torrent vndyr hys spryt he <ins class = "correction" title = +"italicized as shown">spre<i>n</i>t</ins></p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 79<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>And a-bowght the body he hyme hente,</p> +<p class = "indent">As far as he myght last.</p> +<p>‘A! fellow, wylt thow so?’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +they both fall, and roll down the mountain.</span> +<p>And to the grownd gan they goo, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line185" id = "line185">185</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Of the movnteyn<sup>)</sup> bothe downe they +pas<i>t</i>.</p> +<p>Ase the boke of Rome tellys,</p> +<p>They tornyd XXXII <i>ellys</i>,</p> +<p class = "indent">In armys walloyng fast.</p> +<p>Yt tellythe in<sup>)</sup> the boke of Rome, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line190" id = "line190">190</a></span></p> +<p>Euyr<sup>)</sup> ase the gyant a-boue come,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Giant bursts</span> +<p class = "indent">Hys gutt<i>es</i> owt of hys body <i>brast</i>.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>181. <i>sprent</i>] <i>spred</i> MS.</p> + +<p>186. <i>they past</i>] <i>gan they pase</i> MS.</p> + +<p>188. <i>ellys</i>] <i>tymys</i> MS.</p> + +<p>192. <i>brast</i>] <i>Rane</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza18" id = "stanza18">(18)</a></h5> + +<p>At the fot of the movnteyn<sup>)</sup></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +open against a big stone.</span> +<p>Ther lay a gret Ragyd ston<sup>)</sup>, +s<i>er</i>teyn<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">Yt nyhed ys schuldyr bon<sup>)</sup> +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line195" id = "line195">195</a></span></p> +<p>And also hys Ryght syd,</p> +<p>Ther to that gyant fell̴ that tyd,</p> +<p class = "indent">Ase <i>I</i> herd in<sup>)</sup> Rome<span class = +"dots"> . . .</span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>197 put before 196. MS.</p> + +<p>198. <i>I</i>] <i>he</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page8" id = "page8">8</a></span> +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT THANKS GOD FOR HIS VICTORY.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza19" id = "stanza19">(19)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent stabs the Giant,</span> +<p>Thorrow hyme, that mad man<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>Torrent sone a-bovyn<sup>)</sup> wane +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line200" id = "line200">200</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">And fast he gan <i>him quelle</i></p> +<p>W<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> a knyffe feyer<sup>)</sup> and bryght;</p> +<p>Torrent, w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> all̴ hys myght</p> +<p class = "indent">Ther-w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> he gard hyme dwell̴.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>199. after <i>Thorrow</i>, <i>of</i> has been scraped out.</p> + +<p>201. <i>him quelle</i>] <i>warke</i> MS.</p> + +<p>203. <i>hys</i>] <i>h</i> corrected out of <i>m</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza20" id = "stanza20">(20)</a></h5> + +<p>Torent knelyd on hys kne, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line205" id = "line205">205</a></span></p> +<p>To I<i>es</i>u Cryst p<i>ra</i>yd he,</p> +<p class = "indent">That hathe thys world to wyld:</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and then thanks Christ.</span> +<p>‘Lord, lovyd, evyr lovyd thowe be,</p> +<p>The feyer<sup>)</sup> fyld thow hast lent Me,’</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 79<i>b</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">—Vpp bothe hys hand<i>es he</i> held— +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line210" id = "line210">210</a></span></p> +<p>‘All̴ onely w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i>-owt any knaue</p> +<p>Of the fynd the maystry to haue,</p> +<p class = "indent">Of hym to wyn the fyld.’</p> +<p>Now ys ther none other to say,</p> +<p>Of hyme he wane the fyld þ<i>a</i>t day; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line215" id = "line215">215</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">I p<i>ra</i>y God hyme schyld.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>210. <i>he</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<p>213. <i>wyn</i>] <i>wynd</i>, <i>d</i> erased MS.</p> + +<p>214. <i>to</i> written above the line, MS.</p> + +<p>215.</p> +<div class = "verse"> +<p><i>Now ys ther non other say</i></p> +<p><i>Of hyme to wyne the fyld þat day</i> add. (!) +MS.</p> +</div> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza21" id = "stanza21">(21)</a></h5> + +<p>Torrent went vppe a-geyne</p> +<p>To the movnt, ase I gan sayne,</p> +<p class = "indent">The lond<i>es</i> to se far and nere;</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +He sees the sea,</span> +<p>In the see a myle, hyme thoȝt, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line220" id = "line220">220</a></span></p> +<p>An hold wase Rychyly wrowt,</p> +<p class = "indent">In that lond wase not here perre.</p> +<p>The see wase Ebbyd, I yow sey,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and goes to it.</span> +<p>Torrent thether toke the way,</p> +<p class = "indent">Werry all̴ thow he were; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line225" id = "line225">225</a></span></p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page9" id = "page9">9</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent finds the Giant’s castle,</span> +<p>And ther he fownd Ryche w<i>on</i>ys,</p> +<p>Towrr<i>es</i> Endentyd w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> presyos stonys,</p> +<p class = "indent">Schynyng ase crystall̴ clere.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +219. <i>to se</i> written above the line.</p> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT GOES TO THE GIANT’S CASTLE.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza22" id = "stanza22" href = "#notes_stz22"> +(22)</a></h5> + +<p>T<i>wo</i> gattys off yron<sup>)</sup> ther he fond,</p> +<p>Ther in<sup>)</sup> Torrent gan wonde, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line230" id = "line230">230</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">A nyght<i>es</i> Rest there in<sup>)</sup> <i>to</i> +ta;</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +guarded by a lion and lioness.</span> +<p>And at the hale dore ther wase</p> +<p>A lyon<sup>)</sup> & a lyonasse,</p> +<p class = "indent">Ther men be-twene them twa</p> +<p>Fast Etyng<sup>)</sup>, ase ye may here; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line235" id = "line235">235</a></span></p> +<p>Crystyñ <i>man</i> thow <i>he</i> were,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 80<i>a</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">Hys browys <i>wexe</i> bl<i>a</i>,</p> +<p>And wit yow will̴, lord god yt wote,</p> +<p>He durst goo no fote,</p> +<p class = "indent">Lest they wold hyme sl<i>a</i>. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line240" id = "line240">240</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza23" id = "stanza23" href = "#notes_stz23"> +(23)</a></h5> + +<p><b>T</b>orrant stod and be-held,</p> +<p>And p<i>ra</i>yd to god, that ale may wyld,</p> +<p class = "indent">To send hyme harborrow good.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +He hears a lady sighing within.</span> +<p>Sone hard he w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i>in a whalle</p> +<p>The syghyng of a lady smalle, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line245" id = "line245">245</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Sche weppte, as sche were wod;</p> +<p>Sche mornyd sore and sayd: ‘Alas,</p> +<p>That Euyr<sup>)</sup> kyng<i>es</i> dowghttyr wase</p> +<p class = "indent">Ou<i>er</i>-come of so jentyll̴ blod,</p> +<p>For now ame I holdyn<sup>)</sup> here +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line250" id = "line250">250</a></span></p> +<p>In lond w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> a fynd<i>es</i> fere!’</p> +<p class = "indent">Torrent hard, wher he stod.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>226. <i>wonys</i>] <i>wayes</i> MS.</p> + +<p>229. <i>Two</i>] <i>The</i> MS.</p> + +<p>231. <i>to ta</i>] <i>he take</i> MS.</p> + +<p>234. <i>twa</i>] <i>twayne</i> MS.</p> + +<p>236. <i>man</i>] <i>thow</i> (!) MS.<br /> +<i>he</i>] <i>they</i> MS.</p> + +<p>237. <i>wexe bla</i>] <i>be gan to blowe</i> MS.</p> + +<p>240. <i>sle</i> MS.</p> + +<p>244. <i>whalle</i>] with paler ink corrected from <i>whyle</i>.</p> + +<p>245. <i>syghyng</i>] with paler ink corrected from +<i>syngyng</i>.</p> +</div> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page10" id = "page10">10</a></span> +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT WANTS TO ENTER THE GIANT’S CASTLE.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza24" id = "stanza24">(24)</a></h5> + +<p><ins class = "correction" title = "open quote invisible">‘Dere</ins> +god,’ seyd Torrant than<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>‘Yff ther be anny crystyn<sup>)</sup> man<sup>)</sup></p> +<p class = "indent">In thys hold of ston<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line255" id = "line255">255</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent asks for a night’s lodging in the Castle.</span> +<p>That woll̴, for the love of god of myght,</p> +<p>Harbourrow a jentylman<sup>)</sup> thys nyght,</p> +<p class = "indent">For I ame but on<sup>)</sup>!’</p> +<p>‘Seynt Marry,’ seyd that lady clere,</p> +<p>‘What crystyn<sup>)</sup> man<sup>)</sup> axithe harburrow here?’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line260" id = "line260">260</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Nere hym sche gothe a-non.</p> +<p>‘I wold harburrow the full̴ fayne,</p> +<p>But a gyant wyll̴ the slayne.’</p> +<p class = "indent">To hym sche mad here mone.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>259. <i>clere</i>] <i>e</i> corrected out of <i>r</i> MS.</p> + +<p>261. <i>sche gothe anon</i>] <i>a non sche gothe</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza25" id = "stanza25" href = "#notes_stz25"> +(25)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 80<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>‘Say me now, fayer<sup>)</sup> lady, <i>belyve</i>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line265" id = "line265">265</a></span></p> +<p>Who owte <i>of</i> thys plase schall̴ <i>me dryve</i>,</p> +<p class = "indent">Thes tourr<i>es</i>, that are so bryght?’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Lady says</span> +<p>Ther sche Seyd: ‘Be hevyn<sup>)</sup> kyng<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>Here ys a gyant Dwellyng,</p> +<p class = "indent">That meche ys of myght. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line270" id = "line270">270</a></span></p> +<p>Be my trowthe, and he the see,</p> +<p>Were ther<sup>)</sup> XX lyvys in<sup>)</sup> the,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +the Giant will kill him.</span> +<p class = "indent">Thy dethe than wyll̴ he dyght.</p> +<p>I<i>es</i>u cryst yef me g<i>ra</i>ce</p> +<p>To hyd the in<sup>)</sup> some preve plase +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line275" id = "line275">275</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Owt of the fynd<i>es</i> syght!<span class = "dots"> +. . . . .</span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>265. <i>bel.</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<p>266. <i>of</i>] om. MS.<br /> +<i>me dryve</i>] <i>hyght</i> MS.</p> + +<p>267. <i>so</i>] <i>feyer and</i> add. MS.</p> + +<p>271. <i>the</i>] <i>thow</i>, <i>w</i> erased and <ins class = +"correction" title = "text unchanged"><i>e</i> changed into +<i>o</i></ins>, MS.</p> + +<p>273. <i>They</i> (!) MS.</p> + +<p>275. <i>hyd</i>] corrected from <i>hyde</i>.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza26" id = "stanza26" href = "#notes_stz26"> +(26)</a></h5> + +<p>‘Euyr<sup>)</sup> me thynkythe be thy tale,</p> +<p>The song of the burd<i>es</i> smale</p> +<p class = "indent">On slepe hathe hyme browght.’</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page11" id = "page11">11</a></span> +<p>‘Ye,’ seyd Torrent, ‘ore he be wakyn<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line280" id = "line280">280</a></span></p> +<p>I schall̴ the tell̴ soche a tokyn<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">Of hym thow haue no thowght!</p> +<p>But woldd<i>es</i> thow for thy gentry</p> +<p>Do the lyonnys downe lye,</p> +<p class = "indent">That they nyee me nowght?’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line285" id = "line285">285</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Lady takes Torrent past the Lions, into the Castle.</span> +<p>By the hande sche gan<i>n</i>e hym ta</p> +<p>And led hyme in<sup>)</sup> be<i>tw</i>e them twa;</p> +<p class = "indent">Ryght ase sche wold, they wrowght.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>277. <i>thy</i>] <i>my</i> erased and <i>thy</i> written above the +line.</p> + +<p>283. <i>thy</i>] <i>th</i> corrected from <i>m</i>.<br /> +<i>gentry</i>] <i>gentre</i>, <i>e</i> corrected from <i>y</i>.</p> + +<p>285. <i>nyee</i>] first <i>e</i> above the line.</p> + +<p>286. <i>hande</i>] <i>d</i> corrected from <i>e</i>.<br /> +<i>tane</i> MS.</p> + +<p>287. <i>bewte</i> MS.<br /> +<i>twayne</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT IS TAKEN INTO THE GIANT’S CASTLE.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza27" id = "stanza27" href = "#notes_stz27"> +(27)</a></h5> + +<p>The lady wase neuyr<sup>)</sup> so a-drad,</p> +<p>In to the hale sche hym lad, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line290" id = "line290">290</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">That lemyred ase gold bryght;</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 81<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>Sche byrlyd whyt wyne and Rede:</p> +<p>‘Make vse myrre a-geyne ow<i>re</i> Dedd,</p> +<p class = "indent">I wot will̴, yt ys so dyght!’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +He tells her he has kild the Giant.</span> +<p>‘Be my trowthe!’ seyd Torrent, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line295" id = "line295">295</a></span></p> +<p>‘I wole be thy warrant,</p> +<p class = "indent">He comythe not here thys nyght.</p> +<p>On soche a slepe he ys browght,</p> +<p>All̴ men of lyve wakythe hym nowght,</p> +<p class = "indent">But onely god<i>es myght</i>.’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line300" id = "line300">300</a></span></p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +300. <i>godes myght</i>] <i>gode a lone</i> MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza28" id = "stanza28" href = "#notes_stz28"> +(28)</a></h5> + +<p>Blythe then wase that lady jent,</p> +<p>For to on-harnes Torrent,</p> +<p class = "indent">That dowghtty wase and bold;</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +She tells him of Prince Verdownys,</span> +<p>‘For sothe,’ sche seyd, ‘I wot wher ys</p> +<p>The kyng<i>es</i> sone <i>Verdownys</i>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line305" id = "line305">305</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Fast put in hold</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page12" id = "page12">12</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and 4 Earls’ sons in the Giant’s prison.</span> +<p>In a dongon<sup>)</sup>, that ys dym;</p> +<p>Fowyre good Eryll<i>es</i> sonnys be w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> hyme</p> +<p class = "indent">Ys fet in<sup>)</sup> fere and fold.</p> +<p>The gyant wan theme in<sup>)</sup> a tyde, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line310" id = "line310">310</a></span></p> +<p>Ase they Rane be the watyr syd,</p> +<p class = "indent">And put them in<sup>)</sup> preson<sup>)</sup> +cold.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +305. <i>Verdownys</i>] <i>of pvense</i> MS.</p> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT FREES A PRINCE AND 4 EARLS’ SONS.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza29" id = "stanza29">(29)</a></h5> + +<p>‘In an yron<sup>)</sup> cage he hathe them done.’</p> +<p>Torrent went thether<sup>)</sup> sone:</p> +<p class = "indent">‘Are ye yet levand?’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line315" id = "line315">315</a></span></p> +<p>The kyng<i>es</i> sone askyd than<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>Yf ther were anny crysten man<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">‘Wold bryng vse ow<i>t</i> of bond?’</p> +<p>‘Lord,’ he seyd, ‘god all̴myght,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 81<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>I had levyr on a Day to fyght, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line320" id = "line320">320</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Than all̴ my fathyrys lond.’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent breaks open the prison,</span> +<p>W<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> an iryn<sup>)</sup> mall̴ styff and +strong<sup>)</sup></p> +<p>He brake vpe an yron<sup>)</sup> dore or longe,</p> +<p class = "indent">And sone the keyes he fond.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>318. <i>owt</i>] <i>ow</i> (!) MS.</p> + +<p>323. <i>or longe</i>] added in paler ink.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza30" id = "stanza30" href = "#notes_stz30"> +(30)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +and frees the 5 youths.</span> +<p>Owt he toke thys chyldyryn<sup>)</sup> fyve, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line325" id = "line325">325</a></span></p> +<p>The feyrest that were on lyve,</p> +<p class = "indent">I-hold in<sup>)</sup> anny sted.</p> +<p>The lady wase full̴ gl<i>e</i>d,</p> +<p>Sche byrlyd whyt wyn<sup>)</sup> and Redd,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +They sup.</span> +<p class = "indent">And sethyn<sup>)</sup> to soper sone they yed. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line330" id = "line330">330</a></span></p> +<p>‘Lord<i>es</i>,’ he seyd, ‘syn yow are her<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>I Red yow make Ryght good cher<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">For now ys all̴ thy nede.’</p> +<p>Thus he covyrd owt of care.</p> +<p>God, that sofryd wondd<i>es</i> s<i>a</i>re, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line335" id = "line335">335</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Grante vse well̴ to sped!</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>325. <i>chyld.</i>] a <i>v</i> struck out, follows.</p> + +<p>328. <i>glad</i> MS.</p> + +<p>335. <i>sore</i> MS.</p> + +<p>336. <i>well<b>e</b> to sped</i>] <i>to sped welle</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page13" id = "page13">13</a></span> +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +THEY ALL CHOOSE THEIR HORSES TO RIDE AWAY.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza31" id = "stanza31" href = "#notes_stz31"> +(31)</a></h5> + +<p>Lordd<i>es</i>, and ye wol lythe,</p> +<p>The chyldyr namys I woll̴ tell̴ blythe,</p> +<p class = "indent">Here kyn, how they were me told;</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent freed Prince Verdownys, Lords</span> +<p>The kyng<i>es</i> sone, that dowghtty <i>ys</i>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line340" id = "line340">340</a></span></p> +<p>Wase clepyd Verdownys,</p> +<p class = "indent">That dowghtty wase and bold,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torren, Jakys, and Amyas,</span> +<p>And an Eryll<i>es</i> son, that hyght Torren<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>A nother Iakys of Berweyne,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 82<i>a</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">The forthe was Amyas bold. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line345" id = "line345">345</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and Princess Eleanor.</span> +<p>The kyng<i>es</i> dowghttyr of Gales lond,</p> +<p>Elyoner<sup>)</sup>, I vndyrstond,</p> +<p class = "indent">That worthy wase in hold,</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>337. after <i>wol</i>, <i>be</i> struck out MS.</p> + +<p>340. <i>ys</i>] <i>wase</i> MS.</p> + +<p>346-348 put before 343-345, MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza32" id = "stanza32">(32)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +She takes Torrent to his chamber,</span> +<p>In to hys chambyr sche hyme led,</p> +<p>Ther gold and syluyr wase spred, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line350" id = "line350">350</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">And asur<sup>)</sup>, that wase bl<i>o</i>;</p> +<p>In yron ther he gan stond,</p> +<p>Body and armys <i>al sch</i>y<i>n</i>and,</p> +<p class = "indent">In<sup>)</sup> powynt to trusse and goo.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and then all of them to the stable, where each chooses a horse.</span> +<p>In to a stabyll̴ sche hym led, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line355" id = "line355">355</a></span></p> +<p>Eche toke a full̴ feyer<sup>)</sup> sted,</p> +<p class = "indent">They were <i>redy</i> to goo;</p> +<p>And wote ye well̴ and vndyrstond,</p> +<p>Had the gyant be levand,</p> +<p class = "indent">They had not p<i>ar</i>tyd soo. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line360" id = "line360">360</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>351. <i>blo</i>] <i>blewe</i> MS.</p> + +<p>353. <i>al sch.</i>] <i>lygand</i> (!) MS.</p> + +<p>354. <i>trusse</i>] corrected from <i>truste</i>.</p> + +<p>357. <i>redy</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<p>358. <i>wote</i>] with paler ink corrected from <i>what</i>.</p> + +<p>359. <i>Had</i>] corrected out of <i>han</i>.<br /> +<i>byn</i> follows, almost entirely erased.<br /> +<i>gyant</i>] <i>t</i> corrected from <i>d</i>.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza33" id = "stanza33">(33)</a></h5> + +<p>They woll̴ not to bed gan<i>ge</i>,</p> +<p>Tyll̴ on the morrow the Day spronge,</p> +<p class = "indent">Thus a wey to ffare.</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page14" id = "page14">14</a></span> +<p>Torrant sperryd the gattys, i-wyse,</p> +<p>All̴ that he lyst he clepyd hys, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line365" id = "line365">365</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">The keys and thyng he bare.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent feeds the lions on the Giant’s body,</span> +<p>The lyon<i>s that was</i> at the dore</p> +<p>Wase led to her<sup>)</sup> mayst<i>er</i> that wase +befor<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent"><i>O</i>n hym thay fed them <i>ya</i>r<i>e</i>,</p> +<p>Vpp won of the horse, that wase ther<sup>)</sup> levyd, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line370" id = "line370">370</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and puts his head on a horse.</span> +<p><i>O</i>n hym thei trussyd the gyantt<i>es</i> he<i>ve</i>d.</p> +<p class = "indent">Thus helpt hym god th<i>a</i>r<sup>)</sup>.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>361. <i>gange</i>] <i>gan</i> MS.<br /> +<i>ll</i>e <i>on the</i> struck out, follows.</p> + +<p>366. <i>keys</i>] <i>e</i> written with paler ink above the line.</p> + +<p>367. <i>lyons that was</i>] <i>lyone</i> MS.</p> + +<p>369. <i>Vn</i> (!) MS.<br /> +<i>hym</i>] <i>y</i> corrected out of <i>e</i> MS.<br /> +<i>thay</i>] corrected from <i>that</i>.<br /> +<i>yare</i>] <i>ther</i> MS.</p> + +<p>371. <i>Vn</i> (!) MS.<br /> +<i>thei</i>] <i>i</i> written above the line.<br /> +<i>hed</i> MS.</p> + +<p>372. <i>ther</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT RETURNS TO PORTUGAL.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza34" id = "stanza34" href = "#notes_stz34"> +(34)</a></h5> + +<p>But ore III wek<i>es</i> wer<sup>)</sup> com<i>m</i>yn<sup>)</sup> to +End,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +He goes back to Portugal.</span> +<p>To Portynggall̴ gan he wend,</p> +<p class = "indent">Ther<sup>)</sup> ase the kyng gan <i>lend</i>; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line375" id = "line375">375</a></span></p> +<p>The porter<sup>)</sup> sawe <i>hym</i> ther he stood,</p> +<p>He fled a wey, ase he were wod,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 82<i>b</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">Flyngyng ase a fynd.</p> +<p>‘Syr kyng,’ he seyd, ‘be godd<i>es</i> dede,</p> +<p>Torrant bryngythe a devyll̴ ys hed, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line380" id = "line380">380</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Ther w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> he woll̴ yow present.’</p> +<p>Desonell̴ seyd: ‘Porter<sup>)</sup>, be styll̴!’<span class = "dots"> +. . .</span></p> +<p class = "indent">In hys walke ther ase he went.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>373. <i>wer<b>e</b></i>] <i>ther</i>, struck out, and <i>were</i> +written over.</p> + +<p>375. <i>lend</i>] <i>lye</i> MS.</p> + +<p>376. <i>sawe h. th.</i>] <i>ther sawe he</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza35" id = "stanza35" href = "#notes_stz35"> +(35)</a></h5> + +<p>The kyng to the gatys gan pase,</p> +<p>Gret lord<i>es</i> that ther wase, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line385" id = "line385">385</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Bothe knyght<i>es</i> and squyerr<i>e</i>,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King and his Lords are afraid of the lions.</span> +<p>Lord<i>es</i> wase full̴ sore a-dred</p> +<p>Fore the lyonys, þ<i>a</i>t he had,</p> +<p class = "indent">They durst not come hyme ner<sup>)</sup>.</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page15" id = "page15">15</a></span> +<p>The kyng seyd: ‘I wyll̴ <i>the</i> kysse, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line390" id = "line390">390</a></span></p> +<p>Durst I for<sup>)</sup> thy best<i>es</i>, Iwysse.’</p> +<p class = "indent">Torrent dyd them ly ther<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent kisses the King of Portugal.</span> +<p>And kyssyd the kyng w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> joy and blyse;</p> +<p>And aftyr, other lord<i>es</i> of hys,</p> +<p class = "indent">And aftyr, ladys <i>clere</i>. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line395" id = "line395">395</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>386. <i>squyerres</i> MS.</p> + +<p>390. <i>the</i>] <i>hym</i> MS.</p> + +<p>395. <i>aftyr</i>] <i>other</i> add. (!) MS.<br /> +<i>clere</i>] <i>jent</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +VERDOWNYS’S FATHER IS TOLD OF HIS SAFETY.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza36" id = "stanza36">(36)</a></h5> + +<p>Messengyr<i>es</i> <i>went</i> the weye,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Provyns is glad</span> +<p>To the kyng of P<i>ro</i>vyns to sey,</p> +<p class = "indent">Hys sone ys owt of hold:</p> +<p>‘Yyng Torrent of Portynggall̴</p> +<p>Hathe browght hym owt of balle +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line400" id = "line400">400</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">And slayne the jeyant bold.’</p> +<p>Lytyll̴ and mykyll̴ þ<i>a</i>t ther wer<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 83<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>All̴ they mad good cher</p> +<p class = "indent">Her<sup>)</sup> prynse fayne se wold.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +of his son Verdownys’s safety</span> +<p>The kyng <i>seyd</i>: ‘So mot I the, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line405" id = "line405">405</a></span></p> +<p>I woll̴ geff the towynnys thre</p> +<p class = "indent">For<sup>)</sup> the tall<i>es</i> thow hast me +told.’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>396. <i>went</i>] <i>to</i> (!) MS.</p> + +<p>397. after <i>Provyns</i> <i>I</i> MS.</p> + +<p>399. <i>Yoyng</i> MS.</p> + +<p>405. <i>kyng seyd</i>] <i>kynges messengere</i> MS.</p> + +<p>405-7 put before 402-4.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza37" id = "stanza37">(37)</a></h5> + +<p>Tha<i>n seyd</i> they, tha<i>t</i> to Gales yede,</p> +<p>Yeftys to <i>take</i> were h<i>e</i>m no ned,</p> +<p class = "indent">Then <i>Ver</i>downys had they. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line410" id = "line410">410</a></span></p> +<p>Ase they <ins class = "correction" title = +"printed as shown, with line through single ‘l’">seyłyd</ins> on a tyde,</p> +<p>At Perrown<sup>)</sup> on the see syd</p> +<p class = "dots">. . . . . . . . . . .</p> +<p>The kyng of P<i>ro</i>vy<i>n</i>se seyd: ‘So mot I the,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and promises Torrent gifts.</span> +<p>Yftles schall̴ they not be, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line415" id = "line415">415</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">That dare I sothely sey.’</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page16" id = "page16">16</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Gales offers Torrent his daughter.</span> +<p>The kyng of Gales proferd hym feyer<sup>)</sup>:</p> +<p>‘Wed my dowghttyr and myn Eyer<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">When so euyr<sup>)</sup> thow may!<span class = +"dots"> . . . . .</span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>408. <i>Than—that</i>] <i>That they than</i> MS.<br /> +<i>Gales</i>] with paler ink corrected from <i>Calles</i>.<br /> +<i>yede</i>] corrected from <i>went</i>.</p> + +<p>409. <i>take</i>] om. MS.<br /> +<i>hym</i> MS.</p> + +<p>410. <i>Then Downys</i> MS.</p> + +<p>417. <i>gales</i>] <i>g</i> with paler ink corrected from +<i>c</i>.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT GETS WELAND’S SWORD ADOLAKE.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza38" id = "stanza38" href = "#notes_stz38"> +(38)</a></h5> + +<p>The kyng of Perve<i>n</i>se seyd: ‘So mot I the, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line420" id = "line420">420</a></span></p> +<p>Thys seson<sup>)</sup> yeftles schall̴ thow not be,</p> +<p class = "indent">Haue here my Ryng of gold,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Provyns gives Torrent his Sword</span> +<p>My sword, that so wyll̴ ys wrowyt;</p> +<p>A bett<i>er</i> than<sup>)</sup> yt know I nowght</p> +<p class = "indent">W<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> in<sup>)</sup> +crystyn<sup>)</sup> mold; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line425" id = "line425">425</a></span></p> +<p>Yt ys ase glemyrryng ase the glase,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +made by Weland,</span> +<p>Thorrow Velond wroght yt wase,</p> +<p class = "indent">Bettyr ys non<sup>)</sup> to hold.</p> +<p>I have syne sum tyme in<sup>)</sup> lond,</p> +<p>Whoso had yt of myn<sup>)</sup> hond, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line430" id = "line430">430</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Faw<i>e</i> the<i>y were</i> I-told.’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>429. <i>Loke thou hold yt with full<b>e</b> hond</i>, add. MS.</p> + +<p>431. <i>I fawght therfore I told</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza39" id = "stanza39">(39)</a></h5> + +<p>Tho wase Torrent blythe and glad,</p> +<p>The good swerd ther he had,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and named Adolake.</span> +<p class = "indent">The name wase Adolake.</p> +<p>A gret mayne<i>re</i>y let he make <i>ryght</i> +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line435" id = "line435">435</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +A fortnight’s Feast is held.</span> +<p>That lest all̴ a fortnyght,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 83<i>b</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">Who so will̴ hys met take.</p> +<p>Euyry man toke ys leve, ase <i>I</i> yow say,</p> +<p>Hom-ward to wend ther wey,</p> +<p class = "indent">Eu<i>er</i>y man ys Rest to take. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line440" id = "line440">440</a></span></p> +<p>Tyll̴ yt be-fell̴ vppon a day,</p> +<p>Ase they went be the wey,</p> +<p class = "indent">The kyng to hys dowghttyr spake:</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>435. <i>mayn.</i>] <i>mayne let</i>, with paler ink corrected into +<i>mayney</i>.<br /> +<i>ryght</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<p>438. <i>I</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<p>440. <i>to take ys Rest</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page17" id = "page17">17</a></span> +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +DESONELL GIVES TORRENT A WHITE CHARGER.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza40" id = "stanza40">(40)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Portugal tells Desonell</span> +<p>‘Ye schall̴ take hed of a jeentyll̴ man<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>A feyer<sup>)</sup> poynt for<sup>)</sup> yow he wane, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line445" id = "line445">445</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Desonell̴, at the last.’</p> +<p><ins class = "correction" title = "open quote invisible">‘Syr,’</ins> +sche seyd, ‘be hevyn kyng,</p> +<p>Tyll̴ ye me told, I knewe no thyng,</p> +<p class = "indent">For who ys love yt wase.’</p> +<p>‘Desonell̴, so mvt I the, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line450" id = "line450">450</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +that Torrent kild the Giant for love of her.</span> +<p>Yt wase for the lowe of the,</p> +<p class = "indent">That he trovylld so fast.</p> +<p>I warne yow, dowghttyr, be the Rode,</p> +<p>Yt ys for yow bothe good,</p> +<p class = "indent">Ther to I Red yow tr<i>a</i>st.’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line455" id = "line455">455</a></span></p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +455. <i>trust</i> MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza41" id = "stanza41" href = "#notes_stz41"> +(41)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +She gives Torrent a white steed</span> +<p>Forthe sche browght a whyt sted,</p> +<p>As whyt as the flowyr in<sup>)</sup> med,</p> +<p class = "indent">Ys fytte blac ase slo<i>n</i>.</p> +<p>‘Leman<sup>)</sup>, haue here thys fole,</p> +<p>That dethe ys dynt schalt þ<i>o</i>u not <i>thole</i>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line460" id = "line460">460</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Whyll̴ thow setty<i>s</i>te hyme +appon<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>And yf thow had p<i>ersew</i>yd be</p> +<p>And hadyst ned fore to fle,</p> +<p class = "indent">Fast for to gone.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +which the King of Nazareth had sent her.</span> +<p>The kyng of Nazareth sent hym me, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line465" id = "line465">465</a></span></p> +<p>Torrent, I wet-saffe hym on the,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 84<i>a</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">For bett<i>er</i> love may I none.’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>458. <i>slo</i> MS.</p> + +<p>460. <i>thole</i>] <i>haue</i> MS.</p> + +<p>461. <i>settythe</i> MS.</p> + +<p>462. <i>p’revyd</i> (!) MS.</p> + +<p>465. So Fragm. I (<a href = "#fragI">F. I</a>); <i>The kyng of +Portynggalle seyd: ‘So mot I the</i> MS.</p> + +<p>466. <i>hym on</i>] so <a href = "#fragI">F. I</a>; <i>of</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza42" id = "stanza42">(42)</a></h5> + +<p>Aftyr-ward vppon a tyd,</p> +<p>Ase the went be the watyr<i>es</i> syd,</p> +<p class = "indent">The kyng and yong Torrent, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line470" id = "line470">470</a></span></p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page18" id = "page18">18</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King</span> +<p>The kyng wold fayne, that he ded wer<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>And he wyst, in<sup>)</sup> what maner<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">How he schuld be schent;</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +treacherously</span> +<p>A false lettyr mad the kyng</p> +<p>And dyd messengyr<i>es</i> forthe yt bryng, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line475" id = "line475">475</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">On the Rever<sup>)</sup>, ase they went,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +asks Torrent to get Desonell a Falcon</span> +<p>To Torrent, that was trew ase styll̴,</p> +<p>Yf he love Desonell̴ wyll̴,</p> +<p class = "indent">Get her a facon<sup>)</sup> jent.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>471. <i>ded wer<b>e</b></i>] so <a href = "#fragI">F. I</a>; <i>were +ded</i> MS.</p> + +<p>472. <i>he</i>] so <a href = "#fragI">F. I</a>; <i>hym</i> MS.</p> + +<p>477. <i>that was</i>] so <a href = "#fragI">F. I</a>; om. MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +THE FALSE KING OF PORTUGAL DECEIVES TORRENT.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza43" id = "stanza43">(43)</a></h5> + +<p>Torrent the lett<i>er</i> be-gan<sup>)</sup> to Red, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line480" id = "line480">480</a></span></p> +<p>The kyng lestyned & nere yed,</p> +<p class = "indent">Ase he yt nevyr ad s<i>e</i>ne.</p> +<p>‘Syr,’ he seyd, ‘what may thys be,</p> +<p>Loo, lord, come ner<sup>)</sup> and see,</p> +<p class = "indent">A-bowght a facon<sup>)</sup> schene? +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line485" id = "line485">485</a></span></p> +<p>I ne wot, so god me sped,</p> +<p>In what lond that they bred.’</p> +<p class = "indent">The kyng answerd: ‘I wene,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +from the Forest of Magdalen.</span> +<p>In the forrest of Mavdeleyn<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>Ther be hawk<i>es</i>, ase I herd seyne, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line490" id = "line490">490</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">That byn of lenage <i>cl</i>en<sup>)</sup>.’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>482. <i>syne</i> MS.</p> + +<p>487. <i>that</i>] so <a href = "#fragI">F. I</a>; om. MS.<br /> +<i>they</i>] <i>ne</i> add. (!) MS.</p> + +<p>489. <i>Mavd.</i>] so <a href = "#fragI">F. I</a>; <i>Mavdlen</i> +MS.</p> + +<p>491. <i>clen<sup>)</sup></i>] <i>gene</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza44" id = "stanza44">(44)</a></h5> + +<p>And than seyd the kyng on-trew:</p> +<p>‘Yf thow get hawkys of gret valew,</p> +<p class = "indent">Bryng on of them to me!’</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 84<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>Torrent Seyd: ‘So god me saue, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line495" id = "line495">495</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +He agrees to do it.</span> +<p>Yf yt be-tyd, that I may haue,</p> +<p class = "indent">At yow<i>r</i> wyll̴ they schal be.’</p> +<p>Hys squyere bode he th<i>a</i>r<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>Aftyr hys armor<sup>)</sup> for to far<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">In the fyld byddythe he. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line500" id = "line500">500</a></span></p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page19" id = "page19">19</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent rides</span> +<p>They armyd hym in<sup>)</sup> hys wed,</p> +<p>Tho he be-strod a noble sted,</p> +<p class = "indent">And forthe than Rod hee.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +498. <i>squyere</i>] so <a href = "#fragII">F. II</a>; <i>squyeres</i> +MS.<br /> +<i>there</i> MS.</p> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT FINDS A DRAGON IN THE FOREST.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza45" id = "stanza45">(45)</a></h5> + +<p><b>T</b>orrent toke the wey a-geyn<sup>)</sup></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +to the Forest of Magdalen,</span> +<p>In to the forest of Mawdleyn<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line505" id = "line505">505</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">In the wyld-some way;</p> +<p>Berys and apes there founde he,</p> +<p>And wylde bestys great plente,</p> +<p class = "indent">And lyons where they lay.</p> +<p>In a wod that wase tyght, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line510" id = "line510">510</a></span></p> +<p>Yt Drew nere-hand nyght</p> +<p class = "indent">By dymmynge of the Day,</p> +<p>Harkyn, lord<i>es</i>, <i>to</i> them came wo,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +gets separated from his Squire,</span> +<p>He and hys squyer<sup>)</sup> p<i>ar</i>tyd in two,</p> +<p class = "indent">Carfull̴ men then were they. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line515" id = "line515">515</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>502. <i>noble</i>] so <a href = "#fragII">F. II</a>; <i>nothere</i> +MS.</p> + +<p>507-509: so <a href = "#fragII">F. II</a>:</p> +<div class = "verse"> +<p><i>Berrys he sawe stondyng</i></p> +<p><i>And wyld bestes ther goyng,</i></p> +<p><i>Gret lyonys ther he fond.</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p>510. <i>tyght</i>] so <a href = "#fragII">F. II</a>; <i>thyke</i> +MS.</p> + +<p>512. <i>By d.</i>] so <a href = "#fragII">F. II</a>; <i>And ine the +Dawnyng</i> MS.</p> + +<p>513. <i>to—wo</i>] so <a href = "#fragII">F. II</a>;<br /> +<i>to</i>] of <a href = "#fragII">F. II</a>.<br /> +<i>what I schalle sey</i> MS.</p> + +<p>514. <i>in two</i>] so <a href = "#fragII">F. II</a>; <i>they</i> +MS.</p> + +<p>515. <i>men—they</i>] so <a href = "#fragII">F. II</a>; <i>they +were that Day</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza46" id = "stanza46">(46)</a></h5> + +<p>At the schedyng of a Rome</p> +<p>Eche p<i>ar</i>tyd other frome,</p> +<p class = "indent">For sothe, ase I vndyrstond.</p> +<p>Torrent toke a dulful wey</p> +<p>Downe in<sup>)</sup> a depe valey +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line520" id = "line520">520</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Be-syd a well̴ strong.</p> +<p>A lytyll̴ be fore mydnyght</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and comes on a Dragon.</span> +<p>Of a dragon he had syght,</p> +<p class = "indent">That grysly wase to <i>fond</i>;</p> +<p>He had hym nowght to were, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line525" id = "line525">525</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 85<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>But hys schyld and hys spere,</p> +<p class = "indent">That wase in<sup>)</sup> hys squyer<i>es</i> +hond.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +524. <i>fond</i>] <i>syght</i> MS.</p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page20" id = "page20">20</a></span> +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +A DRAGON ATTACKS TORRENT.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza47" id = "stanza47">(47)</a></h5> + +<p>Torrent knelyd on hys kne,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent prays to Christ</span> +<p>To I<i>es</i>u Cryst p<i>ra</i>yd he:</p> +<p class = "indent">‘Lord, mykyll̴ of myght, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line530" id = "line530">530</a></span></p> +<p>Syne I wase in<sup>)</sup> meche care,</p> +<p>Let me nevuyr<sup>)</sup> owt of <i>t</i>hys world +far<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">Tyll̴ I haue take o<i>rd</i>er of knyght.</p> +<p>Ase I ame falsely hether<sup>)</sup> sent,</p> +<p>Wyld-som weyes haue I went, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line535" id = "line535">535</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">W<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> fynd<i>es</i> for to fyght.</p> +<p>Now, I<i>es</i>u, for thy holy name,</p> +<p>Ase I ame but man<sup>)</sup> a-lone,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +to be his help.</span> +<p class = "indent">Than<sup>)</sup> be my helpe to nyght!’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>532. <i>thys</i>] <i>hys</i> (!) MS.</p> + +<p>533. <i>haue</i>] <i>or</i> add. (!) MS.<br /> +<i>order</i>] <i>othere</i> (!) MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza48" id = "stanza48" href = "#notes_stz48"> +(48)</a></h5> + +<p>Ase Torrent I<i>es</i>u gan<sup>)</sup> p<i>ra</i>y, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line540" id = "line540">540</a></span></p> +<p>He herd the dragon<sup>)</sup>, ther he lay</p> +<p class = "indent">Vndyr-nethe a clo<i>w</i>;</p> +<p>Of an<i>d</i> on he wase stronge,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Dragon’s tail is 7 yards long,</span> +<p>Hys tayle wase VII yerd<i>es</i> long,</p> +<p class = "indent">That aftyr hyme he dr<i>o</i>we; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line545" id = "line545">545</a></span></p> +<p>Hys wyngg<i>es</i> wase long and wyght,</p> +<p>To the chyld he toke a flyght</p> +<p class = "indent">W<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> an howge sw<i>ow</i>e;</p> +<p>Had he nether<sup>)</sup> schyld ne spere,</p> +<p>But p<i>ra</i>yd to god, he schold hyme were, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line550" id = "line550">550</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">For he wase in dred i-nowe.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>542. <i>clow</i>] <i>colod</i> or <i>colvd</i>, <i>l</i> corrected +from <i>d</i>, MS.</p> + +<p>543. <i>and</i>] <i>an</i> MS.</p> + +<p>545. <i>drewe</i> MS.</p> + +<p>548. <i>swowe</i>] <i>swayne</i> (!) MS.</p> + +<p>551. <i>inowthe</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza49" id = "stanza49" href = "#notes_stz49"> +(49)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +and has a fiery head on it.</span> +<p>On the tayle an hed ther<sup>)</sup> wase,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +<ins class = "correction" title = "text has anomalous ‘fol.’">f.</ins> +85<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>That byrnyd Bryght as anny glase,</p> +<p class = "indent">In fyer whan <i>yt</i> was dyght;</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page21" id = "page21">21</a></span> +<p>A-bowght the schyld he lappyd yt ther<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line555" id = "line555">555</a></span></p> +<p>Torrent the bowght a-sondyr schere</p> +<p class = "indent">Thurrow the g<i>ra</i>ce of god almyght.</p> +<p>As the boke of Rome telly<i>s</i>,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent cuts 4 ells off the Dragon’s tail;</span> +<p>Of hys taylle he cut IIII ell<i>es</i></p> +<p class = "indent">W<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> hys swerd so bryght. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line560" id = "line560">560</a></span></p> +<p>Than cryed the lothely thyng,</p> +<p>That all̴ the dall̴ be-gan to Ryng,</p> +<p class = "indent">That hard the gyant wyght.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>554. <i>yt</i>] <i>he</i> MS.</p> + +<p>558. <i>Tellys</i>] <i>tellythe</i> MS.</p> + +<p>563. <i>That the gyant hard wyght</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT KILLS THE DRAGON.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza50" id = "stanza50">(50)</a></h5> + +<p>The gyant seyd: ‘I vndyrstond,</p> +<p>There ys sum crystyn<sup>)</sup> man<sup>)</sup> nere hond, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line565" id = "line565">565</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">My dragon here I cry.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and while its Giant-owner is getting ready to help it,</span> +<p>By hym, that schope bothe watyr<sup>)</sup> and lond,</p> +<p>All̴ that I can se be-fore me stond,</p> +<p class = "indent">Dere schall̴ they a-bye!</p> +<p>Me thynkythe, I here my dragon<sup>)</sup> schowt, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line570" id = "line570">570</a></span></p> +<p>I deme, ther be svme dowghtty man<sup>)</sup> hym a-bowght,</p> +<p class = "indent">I trow, to long I ly.</p> +<p>Yf I dwell̴ in my pyll̴ of ston<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>And my cheff-fost<i>er</i> were gone,</p> +<p class = "indent">A false mayst<i>er</i> were I!’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line575" id = "line575">575</a></span></p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +574. <i>foster</i>] <i>st</i> corr. out of <i>t</i>.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza51" id = "stanza51" href = "#notes_stz51"> +(51)</a></h5> + +<p>Be the gyant wase Redy dyght,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent kills it.</span> +<p>Torrent had slayne the dragon<sup>)</sup> Ryght;</p> +<p class = "indent">Thus gan god hyme scheld.</p> +<p>To the mownteyne he toke the wey</p> +<p>To Rest hyme, all̴ that day, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line580" id = "line580">580</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">He had myst<i>er</i>, to be kyld.</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 87<i>a</i>.<a class = "tag" name = "tagT1" id = "tagT1" href = +"#noteT1">T1</a></span> +<p>Tyll̴ the day be-gan to spryng,</p> +<p>Fowllys gan myrre to syng</p> +<p class = "indent">Bothe in<sup>)</sup> frethe and in feld.</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page22" id = "page22">22</a></span> +<p>Leve we now of Torrent th<i>o</i>re +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line585" id = "line585">585</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent’s Squire</span> +<p>And speke we of thys squyer<sup>)</sup> more:</p> +<p class = "indent">I<i>es</i>u hys sole fro hell̴ shyld!</p> +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>581. <i>kyllyd</i> MS.</p> + +<p>585. <i>there</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "footnote"> +<a name = "noteT1" id = "noteT1" href = "#tagT1">T1.</a> +There is no f. 86 in the paging of the MS.</p> + +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT’S SQUIRE IS MET BY A GIANT.</span></p> + + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza52" id = "stanza52">(52)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +rides all night in a wood,</span> +<p>Hys squyer<sup>)</sup> Rod all̴ nyght</p> +<p>In a wod, that wase full̴ tyght,</p> +<p class = "indent">W<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> meche care and gret fare, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line590" id = "line590">590</a></span></p> +<p>For to seke hys lord Torrent,</p> +<p>That wy<i>ght</i>ly wase frome hyme sent,</p> +<p class = "indent">And he wyst nevyr<sup>)</sup> whethyr ne +wh<i>a</i>r<sup>)</sup>.</p> +<p>He Durst neuyr<sup>)</sup> cry ne schuot,</p> +<p>For wy<i>l</i>d best<i>es</i> were hym a-bowght +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line595" id = "line595">595</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">In<sup>)</sup> the holtt<i>es</i> h<i>a</i>re;</p> +<p>A lyty<i>l</i> whyll̴ be-fore the day</p> +<p>He toke in<sup>)</sup> to a Ryde-wey</p> +<p class = "indent">Hyme self to meche care.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>592. <i>wysly</i> MS.</p> + +<p>593. <i>wher</i> MS.</p> + +<p>595. <i>wyld</i>] <i>wyd</i> MS.</p> + +<p>596. <i>hore</i> MS.</p> + +<p>597. <i>lyty</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza53" id = "stanza53">(53)</a></h5> + +<p>Forthe he Rod, I vndyrstond, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line600" id = "line600">600</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +till he finds a highway,</span> +<p>Tyll̴ he an hey wey fond,</p> +<p class = "indent">W<i>i</i>t<i>h</i>-owtyn<sup>)</sup> any +Del<i>ite</i>,</p> +<p>Also fast ase he myght fare,</p> +<p>Fore berrys and apys, þ<i>a</i>t ther w<i>a</i>re,</p> +<p class = "indent">Lest they wold hym byght. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line605" id = "line605">605</a></span></p> +<p>The sone a-Rose and schone bryght,</p> +<p>Of a castyll̴ he had a syght,</p> +<p class = "indent">That wase bothe feyer<sup>)</sup> and whyte<span +class = "dots"> . . . .</span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>602. <i>Delite</i>] <i>delay</i> MS.</p> + +<p>604. <i>were</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza54" id = "stanza54">(54)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +and is met by a Giant.</span> +<p>The gyant h<i>i</i>m se, & ny yed,</p> +<p>And seyd: ‘Fellow, so god me sped, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line610" id = "line610">610</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 87<i>b</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">Thow art welcom to me:</p> +<p>What dost thow here in my forest?’</p> +<p>‘Lord, to seke an hawkys nest,</p> +<p class = "indent">Yff yt yow<i>r</i> wyl be.’</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page23" id = "page23">23</a></span> +<p>‘The be-hovythe to ley a wede.’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line615" id = "line615">615</a></span></p> +<p>To an oke he hym led:</p> +<p class = "indent">Gret Ruthe yt wase to se.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Giant cuts Torrent’s Squire into 4 quarters.</span> +<p>In IIII q<i>uar</i>ter<i>es</i> he hym dr<i>o</i>we,</p> +<p>And eu<i>er</i>y quarter vppon a bowe;</p> +<p class = "indent">Lord, soche weys toke hee! +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line620" id = "line620">620</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>609. <i>hem</i> MS.</p> + +<p>618. <i>drewe</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT IS ATTACKT BY THE GIANT ROCHENSE.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza55" id = "stanza55">(55)</a></h5> + +<p>Ase Torrent in<sup>)</sup> the movnteyn<sup>)</sup> dyd ly,</p> +<p>Hym thowght, he hard a Reufull̴ cry;</p> +<p class = "indent">Gret fere ther hyme thowght.</p> +<p>‘Seynt Marre,’ seyd the chyld so f<i>re</i>,</p> +<p>‘Wher euyr<sup>)</sup> my jentyll̴ squyer<sup>)</sup> myght be, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line625" id = "line625">625</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">That I w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> me to wod browght?</p> +<p>On he dyd hys harnes a-geyne</p> +<p>And worthe on hys sted, s<i>er</i>teyne,</p> +<p class = "indent">And thetherward he sowght.</p> +<p>And wot yow wyll̴, I vndyrstond, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line630" id = "line630">630</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent finds these,</span> +<p>In fowre quartyr<i>es</i> he hym fownd,</p> +<p class = "indent">For other wyse wase yt nowght.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>624. <i>fre</i>] <i>fer</i> MS.</p> + +<p>630. <i>wot</i>] <i>w</i> add. (!) MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza56" id = "stanza56" href = "#notes_stz56"> +(56)</a></h5> + +<p>The gyant lenyd to a tre</p> +<p>And be-hyld Torrent so free,</p> +<p class = "indent">For sothe, ase <i>I</i> yow seye. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line635" id = "line635">635</a></span></p> +<p>Thys fend wase ferly to fyght,</p> +<p>Rochense, seythe the boke, he hyght,</p> +<p class = "indent">Ther wase a dredfull̴ fraye.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and is attackt by this giant Rochense.</span> +<p>To the chyld than<sup>)</sup> gan he smyght:</p> +<p>‘A theff, yeld the asttyt, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line640" id = "line640">640</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 88<i>a</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">As fast as thow may!’</p> +<p>‘What,’ seyd Torrent, ‘art thow wood?</p> +<p>God, that Dyed on the Rood,</p> +<p class = "indent">Geff the evyll̴ happe thys day!’</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +635. <i>I</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page24" id = "page24">24</a></span> +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT FIGHTS THE GIANT ROCHENSE.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza57" id = "stanza57">(57)</a></h5> + +<p>He Rawght Torrent soche a Rowght, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line645" id = "line645">645</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent’s steed is kild.</span> +<p>Hys stedd<i>es</i> brayne he smot owte,</p> +<p class = "indent">So mykyll̴ he be-gan<sup>)</sup>.</p> +<p>Torrent tho a good sped</p> +<p>Ase fast a-bowte an eche <i>yede</i>;</p> +<p class = "indent">Ase swefte ase he myght, <i>he</i> R<i>a</i>n. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line650" id = "line650">650</a></span></p> +<p>He gathyred svm of hys gere,</p> +<p>Bothe hys schyld and hys spere;</p> +<p class = "indent">Nere hym yod he than<sup>)</sup>.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +He drives the Giant back</span> +<p>Bacward than be a browȝ</p> +<p>Twenty fote he gard hyme goo, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line655" id = "line655">655</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Thus erthe on hym he wane.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>649. <i>yede</i>] <i>went</i> MS.</p> + +<p>650. <i>he Ran</i>] <i>Ryne</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza58" id = "stanza58" href = "#notes_stz58"> +(58)</a></h5> + +<p>Yt solasyd Torrant th<i>e</i>n<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>When he sawe hyme bacward r<i>e</i>n</p> +<p class = "indent">Downe be a movnteyn<sup>)</sup> of Perowne,</p> +<p>Stomlyng thurrow frythe and fen<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line660" id = "line660">660</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +into a deep glen,</span> +<p>Tyll̴ he com to a depe <i>glen</i>,</p> +<p class = "indent">Ther myght non hym s<i>t</i>ere.</p> +<p>Torrent wase glad and folowyd fast,</p> +<p>And hys spere on hyme he brast,</p> +<p class = "indent">Good Adyloke yed hyme nere. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line665" id = "line665">665</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +where he stands in water.</span> +<p>The fynd in<sup>)</sup> the watyr stod,</p> +<p>He fawte a-geyn, ase he were wod,</p> +<p class = "indent">All̴ þe day in<sup>)</sup> fere.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>657. <i>than</i> MS.</p> + +<p>658. <i>ren</i>] <i>Rond</i> (!) MS.</p> + +<p>661. <i>glen</i>] <i>thorne</i> MS.</p> + +<p>662. <i>stere</i>] <i>schere</i> MS.</p> + +<p>668. <i>þe</i>] <i>the</i> add. (!) MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza59" id = "stanza59">(59)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 88<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>Tho nere hond wase the day gone,</p> +<p>Torrent wase so werry than<sup>)</sup> +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line670" id = "line670">670</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">That on hys kne he kneld:</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent prays God for help.</span> +<p>‘Helpe, god, that all̴ may!</p> +<p>Desonell̴, haue good day!’</p> +<p class = "indent">Fro hym he cest hys schyld.</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page25" id = "page25">25</a></span> +<p>I<i>es</i>u wold not, he were slayne, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line675" id = "line675">675</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Jesus freshens up Torrent.</span> +<p>To hym he sent a schowyr<sup>)</sup> of Rayne,</p> +<p class = "indent">Torrent full̴ wyll̴ yt keld.</p> +<p>The fynd saw, he wase ny mate,</p> +<p>Owt of the watyr he toke the gate,</p> +<p class = "indent">He thowght to wyne the fyld. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line680" id = "line680">680</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>671. <i>knelyd he</i> MS.</p> + +<p>677. <i>kelyd</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT SLAYS THE GIANT ROCHENSE.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza60" id = "stanza60" href = "#notes_stz60"> +(60)</a></h5> + +<p>Thoo wase Torrent ffresse and good;</p> +<p>Nere the fynd sore he stod,</p> +<p class = "indent">Cryst hym saue and see!</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Giant attacks again.</span> +<p>The fynd fawt w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> an yron<sup>)</sup> staff,</p> +<p>The fyrst stroke, to hym he gaffe, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line685" id = "line685">685</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">He brast hys schyld on thre.</p> +<p>Torrent vndyr hys staff Rane,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent runs him thro’ the heart,</span> +<p>To the hart he baryd hym than<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">And lothely cry gane he.</p> +<p>To the g<i>r</i>ownd he fell̴ ase tyght, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line690" id = "line690">690</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +cuts his head off,</span> +<p>And Torrent gan hys hed of-smyght,</p> +<p class = "indent">And thus he wynnythe the gre.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +690. <i>gownd</i> MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza61" id = "stanza61" href = "#notes_stz61"> +(61)</a></h5> + +<p>Torrent knelyd on the grownd</p> +<p>And thankyd god þ<i>a</i>t ylke stownd,</p> +<p class = "indent">That soche g<i>ra</i>ce hyme send. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line695" id = "line695">695</a></span></p> +<p>Thus II journeys in thys woo</p> +<p>W<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> hys hand<i>es</i> slow <i>he</i> gyantys too,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 89<i>a</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">That meny a man<sup>)</sup> hathe schent.</p> +<p>Torrent forthe frome hyme þan yod,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +finds him 24 ft.</span> +<p>And met hyme XXIIII fotte, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line700" id = "line700">700</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Ther he lay on the bent.</p> +<p>Hedles he left hym there,</p> +<p>Howt of the fyld the hed he bare</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +long, and goes to his Castle.</span> +<p class = "indent">And to the castell̴ he went.]</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +697. <i>he</i>] <i>II</i> MS.</p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page26" id = "page26">26</a></span> +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +THE SWORD AND STEED OF GIANT ROCHENSE.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza62" id = "stanza62">(62)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent goes to the Giant’s</span> +<p>To thys castell̴ he gan far<sup>)</sup>; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line705" id = "line705">705</a></span></p> +<p>Ther fond he armor<sup>)</sup> and other<sup>)</sup> g<i>a</i>re,</p> +<p class = "indent">A swerd, that wase bryght.</p> +<p>To the towre he toke the wey,</p> +<p>Ther the gyant<i>es</i> bed lay,</p> +<p class = "indent">That Rychyly wase dyght. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line710" id = "line710">710</a></span></p> +<p>At the bedd<i>es</i> hed he fond</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Castle, and finds a splendid sword,</span> +<p>A swerd, worthe an Erllys lond,</p> +<p class = "indent">That meche wase of myght.</p> +<p>On the pomell̴ yt wase wret,</p> +<p>Fro a prynce yt wase get, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line715" id = "line715">715</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Mownpolyardn<i>us</i> he hyght.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +706. <i>gere</i> MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza63" id = "stanza63" href = "#notes_stz63"> +(63)</a></h5> + +<p>The sarten <i>to sey</i> w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i>-owt lese,</p> +<p>A scheff-chambyr<sup>)</sup> he hym ches,</p> +<p class = "indent">Tyll̴ on the morrow day.</p> +<p>To the stabull̴ tho he y<i>e</i>d, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line720" id = "line720">720</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and a noble white steed.</span> +<p>There he fond a nobyll̴ sted,</p> +<p class = "indent">Wase comely whyt and grey.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +With the heads of the Giant and Dragon, Torrent</span> +<p>The gyantt<i>es</i> hed gan he take,</p> +<p>And the dragonnys wold he not forsake,</p> +<p class = "indent">And went forthe on hys wey. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line725" id = "line725">725</a></span></p> +<p>He left mor<sup>)</sup> good in that sale</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 89<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>Than wase w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> in<sup>)</sup> all̴ Portynggall̴,</p> +<p class = "indent">Ther ase the gyant laye.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>717. <i>to sey</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<p>718. <i>he</i>] <i>sche</i> MS.<br /> +<i>chesys</i> (!) MS.</p> + +<p>720. <i>yod</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza64" id = "stanza64">(64)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +rides back to Portugal.</span> +<p>Tho he Rod bothe Day and nyght,</p> +<p>Tyll̴ he come to a castell̴ bryght, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line730" id = "line730">730</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Ther ys lord gan dwell̴.</p> +<p>The kyng ys gone to the gate,</p> +<p>Torrent on kne he fond ther at,</p> +<p class = "indent">Schort tall̴ for to tell̴.</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page27" id = "page27">27</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent gives the King the Giant’s and Dragon’s heads instead of a +Falcon,</span> +<p>‘Haue thow thys in<sup>)</sup> thyn<sup>)</sup> hond: +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line735" id = "line735">735</a></span></p> +<p>No nother hawkys ther I fond</p> +<p class = "indent">At Mawdlenys well̴.’</p> +<p>The kyng <i>quod</i>: ‘Ase so haue I blyse,</p> +<p>Torrent, I trow, sy<i>bb</i>e ys</p> +<p class = "indent">To the dewell̴ of hell̴!<span class = "dots"> . . . +.</span> +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line740" id = "line740">740</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>738. <i>quod</i>] om. (!) MS.</p> + +<p>739. <i>sybbe</i>] <i>sylke</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT IS LOVED BY DESONELL.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza65" id = "stanza65" href = "#notes_stz65"> +(65)</a></h5> + +<p>‘Here be syd dwellythe won on lond,</p> +<p>Ther ys no knyght, <i>hy</i>s dynt may stond,</p> +<p class = "indent">So stronge he ys <i>in dede</i>!’</p> +<p>‘Syr<sup>)</sup>,’ he sayd, ‘fore sen Iame,</p> +<p>What ys the gyant<i>es</i> name, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line745" id = "line745">745</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">So Euyr good me sped?’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and says the Giant Rochense was Slogus of Fuolles.</span> +<p>‘Syr<sup>)</sup>,’ he seyd, ‘so mvt I the,</p> +<p>Slogus of Fu<i>o</i>ll<i>es</i>, thus hyte hee,</p> +<p class = "indent">That wyt ys vndyr wede.’<span class = "dots"> . . . +. . .</span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>742. <i>knyght hys</i>] <i>knyghtes</i> MS.</p> + +<p>743. <i>in d.</i>] <i>on grond</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza66" id = "stanza66">(66)</a></h5> + +<p>Lytyll̴ and mykyll̴, lese and more, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line750" id = "line750">750</a></span></p> +<p>Wondyr on the hedd<i>es</i> thore,</p> +<p class = "indent">That Torrent had browght whome.</p> +<p><i>The</i> Lord<i>es</i> seyd ‘Be sen Myhell̴!</p> +<p>Syr kyng, but ye love hyme wyll̴,</p> +<p class = "indent">To yow yt ys gret schame!’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line755" id = "line755">755</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 90<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>Torent ordeynyd pryst<i>es</i> fyve,</p> +<p>To syng for hys squyerys lyve,</p> +<p class = "indent">And menythe hym by name.</p> +<p>Therfor<sup>)</sup> the lady whyt ase swane</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Desonell gives her heart to Torrent.</span> +<p>To Torrant, here lord, sche went than<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line760" id = "line760">760</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Here hert wase to hyme tane.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>752. <i>browght</i>] <i>ho</i> add. (!) MS.</p> + +<p>753. <i>The</i>] om. MS.<br /> +<i>seyd</i>] <i>he</i> add. MS.<br /> +<i>Myhell<b>e</b></i>] <i>my her</i>, <i>r</i> corrected to <i>lle</i> +with paler ink.</p> + +<p>756. <i>prystes</i>] V add. (!) MS.</p> +</div> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page28" id = "page28">28</a></span> +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +A PRINCE OF ARAGON WANTS TO WED DESONELL.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza67" id = "stanza67">(67)</a></h5> + +<p>Lettyrr<i>es</i> come ther w<i>ithalle</i></p> +<p>To the kyng of Portynggall̴,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Aragon asks for Desonell for his youngest Son.</span> +<p class = "indent">To ax hys dowghttyr Derre,</p> +<p>Fro the kyng of Eragon<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line765" id = "line765">765</a></span></p> +<p>To wed her<sup>)</sup> to hys yongeest son<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">The lady, that ys so clere.</p> +<p>For Torrent schuld not her<sup>)</sup> haue,</p> +<p><i>For</i> hyme fyrst he here gafe,</p> +<p class = "indent">To the messenger<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line770" id = "line770">770</a></span></p> +<p>And hys <i>way</i> fast ageyn dyd pase,</p> +<p>Whyle Torrent an huntyng wase,</p> +<p class = "indent">Ther of schuld he not be w<i>e</i>re.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>762. <i>ther withalle</i>] <i>hetherward</i> MS.</p> + +<p>769. <i>For</i>] <i>To</i> MS.</p> + +<p>771. <i>way</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<p>773. <i>ware</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza68" id = "stanza68">(68)</a></h5> + +<p>On a mornyng, ther ase he lay,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Queen of Portugal wishes</span> +<p>The kyng to the quene gan sey: +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line775" id = "line775">775</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">‘Madame, for cherryte,</p> +<p>Thow art oftyn<sup>)</sup> hold wyse;</p> +<p>Now woll̴ ye tell̴ me yow<i>r</i> deuyce,</p> +<p class = "indent">How I may governe me:</p> +<p>The Ryche kyng hathe to me sent, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line780" id = "line780">780</a></span></p> +<p>For to aske my dowghttyr gente</p> +<p class = "indent">That ys so feyer<sup>)</sup> and fre.’</p> +<p>‘Syr,’ sche Seyd, ‘so god me saue,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent to have her.</span> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 90<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>I Red yow let Torent her haue,</p> +<p class = "indent">For best worthy ys he.’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line785" id = "line785">785</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>775. <i>The (quene to the) kyng to the quene gan sey</i> MS.</p> + +<p>779. <i>That how</i> MS.</p> + +<p>781. <i>aske</i>] <i>aseke</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza69" id = "stanza69">(69)</a></h5> + +<p>He sayd: ‘Madame, were that feyer<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>To make an erll<i>es</i> sone myn Eyer<sup>)</sup>?</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King refuses.</span> +<p class = "indent">I will̴ not, by sen Iame!</p> +<p>There he hathe done maystr<i>es</i> thre,</p> +<p>Yt ys <i>hys</i> swerd, yt ys not he, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line790" id = "line790">790</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">For Hatheloke ys ys name.’</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page29" id = "page29">29</a></span> +<p>‘Lord, he myght full̴ wyll̴ sped,</p> +<p>A knyght<i>es</i> dowghttyr wase hyme bed,</p> +<p class = "indent">Ase whyt ase wall<i>es</i> b<i>a</i>ne;</p> +<p>And yf ye warne hyme Desonell̴, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line795" id = "line795">795</a></span></p> +<p>A<i>ll</i> that ther of here tell̴,</p> +<p class = "indent">Ther of wyll̴ speke schame.’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>790. <i>hys</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<p>794. <i>swalles</i> (!) MS.<br /> +<i>bone</i> MS.</p> + +<p>796. <i>All</i>] <i>And</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +THE KING OF PORTUGAL’S TREACHERY TO TORRENT.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza70" id = "stanza70" href = "#notes_stz70"> +(70)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +The false King of Portugal</span> +<p>‘Madam, vnto thys tyd</p> +<p>There lythe a gyant here be-syd,</p> +<p class = "indent">That many a man<sup>)</sup> hathe slayne. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line800" id = "line800">800</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +plots to have Torrent kild by another Giant.</span> +<p>I schall̴ hyght hym my dowghttyr<sup>)</sup> dere,</p> +<p>To fyght w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> that fynd<i>es</i> fere,</p> +<p class = "indent">Thus he holdythe hyme in<sup>)</sup> trayne.</p> +<p>But I schall̴ make myn com<i>m</i>nant so,</p> +<p>That there schall̴ non w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> hyme go, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line805" id = "line805">805</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent"><i>Neyther</i> squyer<sup>)</sup> ne swayne.’</p> +<p>‘Syr<sup>)</sup>,’ sche seyd, ‘so mvt I the,</p> +<p>So sore be-stad hathe he be,</p> +<p class = "indent">And wyll̴ co<i>m</i>myn<sup>)</sup> a-geyne!’</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +806. <i>Neyther</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza71" id = "stanza71" href = "#notes_stz71"> +(71)</a></h5> + +<p>Tho the bell<i>es</i> be-gan to Ryng, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line810" id = "line810">810</a></span></p> +<p>Vpe Rose that Ryche kyng,</p> +<p class = "indent">And the lady <i>so fre</i>,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 91<i>a</i>.</span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +He and his Queen go to Mass.</span> +<p>And aftyr-ward they went to mase,</p> +<p>Ase the law of holy chyrge wase,</p> +<p class = "indent">W<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> n<i>o</i>t<i>es</i> and +solemnyte. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line815" id = "line815">815</a></span></p> +<p>Trompettys on the wall̴ gan blowe,</p> +<p>Knyght<i>es</i> semlyd on a Rowe,</p> +<p class = "indent">Gret joy wase to see.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent sits at the head of a side table.</span> +<p>Torrent a syd bord began<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>The squyer<i>es</i> nexte hym than, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line820" id = "line820">820</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">That good knyght<i>es</i> schuld be.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>812. <i>so fre</i>] <i>in feree</i> MS.</p> + +<p>815. <i>nettes</i> (!) MS.</p> +</div> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page30" id = "page30">30</a></span> +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT AGREES TO FIGHT FOR DESONELL.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza72" id = "stanza72">(72)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King asks Torrent if he’ll</span> +<p>Ase they sat a-mydd<i>es</i> the mete,</p> +<p>The kyng wold not foreget;</p> +<p class = "indent">To Torrent the kyng gan sey,</p> +<p>He seyd: ‘Torrent, so god me saue, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line825" id = "line825">825</a></span></p> +<p>Thow wold<i>es</i> fayne my dowghttyr haue</p> +<p class = "indent">And hast lovyd her<sup>)</sup> many a day.’</p> +<p>‘Ye, be trouthe,’ seyd Torrent than<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>‘And yf þ<i>a</i>t I were a Ryche man<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">Ryght gladly, p<i>ar</i> ma fay!’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line830" id = "line830">830</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +do a deed of arms for Desonell.</span> +<p>‘Yf thow durst for her sake</p> +<p>A poynt of armys vndyrtake,</p> +<p class = "indent">Thow broke her<sup>)</sup> well̴ fore ay!’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>822. <i>a</i>] so <a href = "#fragIII">F. III</a>; <i>the</i> MS.</p> + +<p>825. <i>saue</i>] so <a href = "#fragIII">F. III</a>; <i>sped</i> +MS.</p> + +<p>830. <i>gladly</i>] so <a href = "#fragIII">F. III</a>; <i>glad</i> +MS.</p> + +<p>831. <i>for h. s.</i>] so <a href = "#fragIII">F. III</a>; <i>par ma +fay</i> MS.</p> + +<p>833. <i>broke</i>] so <a href = "#fragIII">F. III</a>; <i>breke</i> +MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza73" id = "stanza73" href = "#notes_stz73"> +(73)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +‘Yes,’ says Torrent.</span> +<p>‘Ye,’ seyd Torrent, ‘ar I ga,</p> +<p>Sekyrnes ye schall̴ me ma +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line835" id = "line835">835</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Of yow<i>r</i> dowghttyr hend,</p> +<p>And aftyrward my ryghtys,</p> +<p>Be-fore XXVII knyght<i>es</i>.’<span class = "dots"> . . . . . +.</span></p> +<p class = "indent">And all̴ were Torrent<i>es</i> frende.</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 91<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>‘Now, good s<i>er</i>is,’ gan Torrant sey, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line840" id = "line840">840</a></span></p> +<p>‘Bere wittnes her of som Daye,</p> +<p class = "indent">A-geyne yf god me send!’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>834. <i>go</i> <a href = "#fragIII">F. III</a>; <i>gan Rage</i> +MS.</p> + +<p>835. <i>make</i> MS.</p> + +<p>839. <i>frenddes</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza74" id = "stanza74">(74)</a></h5> + +<p>Torrent seyd: ‘So mvt I the</p> +<p>Wyst I, where my jorney schold <i>be</i>,</p> +<p class = "indent">Thether I wolde me dyght.’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line845" id = "line845">845</a></span></p> +<p>The kyng gaff hyme an answere:</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +‘Then go to Calabria,</span> +<p>‘In the lond of Calabur ther<sup>)</sup></p> +<p class = "indent">Wonnythe a gyant wyhte,</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page31" id = "page31">31</a></span> +<p>And he ys bothe strong and bold,</p> +<p>Slochys he hyght, I the told, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line850" id = "line850">850</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and fight the Giant Slochys.’</span> +<p class = "indent">God send the that waye Ryght!’</p> +<p>Than quod Torrent: ‘Haue goo<i>d</i> day,</p> +<p>And, or I come a-geyn<sup>)</sup>, I schall̴ asay,</p> +<p class = "indent">Whether the fynd can fyght.’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>844. <i>be</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<p>845. <i>wolde</i>] so <a href = "#fragIII">F. III</a>; om. MS.</p> + +<p>848. <i>wyhte</i>] so <a href = "#fragIII">F. III</a>; <i>whyte</i> +MS.</p> + +<p>851. <i>that w.</i>] so <a href = "#fragIII">F. III</a>; <i>ways</i> +MS.</p> + +<p>852. <i>good</i>] <i>goo</i> MS.</p> + +<p>853. Space left here for an initial letter of the largest size in +MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT STARTS TO FIGHT THE GIANT SLOCHYS.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza75" id = "stanza75">(75)</a></h5> + +<p>Tho wold he no lenger<sup>)</sup> a-byde, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line855" id = "line855">855</a></span></p> +<p>He toke ys wey for to Ry<i>de</i></p> +<p class = "indent">On a sted of gret valewe.</p> +<p>In to a chambyr<sup>)</sup> he g<i>as</i>,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent takes leave of Desonell,</span> +<p>Hys leue of Desonell̴ he t<i>as</i>,</p> +<p class = "indent">Sche wepte, all̴ men myght Rewe; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line860" id = "line860">860</a></span></p> +<p>He seyd: ‘Lady, be styll̴!</p> +<p>I schall̴ come a-geyn th<i>e</i> tyll̴,</p> +<p class = "indent">Thurrow helpe of Marry trewe.’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +starts,</span> +<p>Thus he worthe on a stede.</p> +<p>In hys wey Cryst hyme sped, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line865" id = "line865">865</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Fore he yt no thyng knewe!</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>856. <i>Ryde</i>] <i>ryght</i> MS.</p> + +<p>858. <i>gas</i>] <i>gothe</i> MS.</p> + +<p>859. <i>tas</i>] <i>toke</i> MS.</p> + +<p>862. <i>the</i>] <i>than</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza76" id = "stanza76" href = "#notes_stz76"> +(76)</a></h5> + +<p>He toke hym a Redy wey,</p> +<p>Thurrow P<i>er</i>vy<i>n</i>s he toke the wey,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 91<i>a</i>.<a class = "tag" name = "tagT2" id = "tagT2" href = +"#noteT2">T2</a></span> +<p class = "indent">As hys Iorney fell̴.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and rides to the Castle of the King of Provyns.</span> +<p>Tyll̴ the castell̴ Be the See, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line870" id = "line870">870</a></span></p> +<p>An hy stret heldythe hee,</p> +<p class = "indent">Ther the kyng <i>dyd</i> dwell<i>e</i>.</p> +<p>To the porter he gan seye:</p> +<p>‘Wynd in<sup>)</sup>, fellow, I the p<i>ra</i>y,</p> +<p class = "indent">And thy lord than t<i>e</i>ll̴, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line875" id = "line875">875</a></span></p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page32" id = "page32">32</a></span> +<p>P<i>ra</i>y hym, on won nyght in<sup>)</sup> hys sale</p> +<p>To harburrow Torrent of Portynggall̴,</p> +<p class = "indent">Yf y<i>t</i> Bee ys will̴!’</p> +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>868. <i>pvys</i> MS.</p> + +<p>871. <i>And</i> MS.</p> + +<p>872. <i>dyd dw.</i>] <i>dwellyd</i> MS.</p> + +<p>875. <i>tyll</i> MS.</p> + +<p>878. <i>Yf ys wille to Bee</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "footnote"> +<a name = "noteT2" id = "noteT2" href = "#tagT2">T2.</a> +There are two folios 91 in the MS.</p> + +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT A GUEST OF THE KING OF PROVYNS.</span></p> + + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza77" id = "stanza77">(77)</a></h5> + +<p>The porter<sup>)</sup> Dyd hys com<i>m</i>andment,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Provyns</span> +<p>To the kynge he ys wente +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line880" id = "line880">880</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">And knelyd vppon<sup>)</sup> ys kne:</p> +<p>‘God blyse þe, lord, In thy sale!</p> +<p>Torrent of Portynggale</p> +<p class = "indent">Thus sendythe me to the;</p> +<p>He p<i>ra</i>ythe yow, yf ye myght, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line885" id = "line885">885</a></span></p> +<p>To harburrow hym thys won<sup>)</sup> nyght,</p> +<p class = "indent">Yf yow<i>r</i> will̴ yt bee.’</p> +<p>The kyng swere be hym, þ<i>a</i>t dyed on tre:</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +welcomes Torrent, and</span> +<p>‘There ys no man<sup>)</sup> in<sup>)</sup> crystyante</p> +<p class = "indent">More welcome to me!’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line890" id = "line890">890</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza78" id = "stanza78" href = "#notes_stz78"> +(78)</a></h5> + +<p>The kyng a-Rose and to the gat yod,</p> +<p>Lord<i>es</i> and other<sup>)</sup> knyg<i>htes</i> good,</p> +<p class = "indent">That were glad of hys com<i>m</i>yng.</p> +<p>In to the hale he hyme browght,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +feeds him.</span> +<p>Ryche met spare they nowght, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line895" id = "line895">895</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Be-fore Torrent fore to bryng.</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 91<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>‘Syr,’ sayd the kyng, ‘I p<i>ra</i>y the,</p> +<p>Where be thy men off armys free,</p> +<p class = "indent">That w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> the schuld <i>leng</i>?’</p> +<p>‘Syr, to a lord I mvst Ryde, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line900" id = "line900">900</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent’s sword is his only Squire.</span> +<p>My squyer hongythe be my syde,</p> +<p class = "indent">No man schall̴ w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> me wend.’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>892. <i>knyges</i> MS.</p> + +<p>899. <i>leng</i>] <i>wynd</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza79" id = "stanza79">(79)</a></h5> + +<p>‘S<i>yr</i>,’ seyd the kyng, ‘I p<i>ra</i>y the,</p> +<p>Where schall̴ thy ded of armys bee,</p> +<p class = "indent">Yf yt be thy wyll̴?’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line905" id = "line905">905</a></span></p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page33" id = "page33">33</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent says he has to fight in Calabria.</span> +<p>‘S<i>yr</i>,’ he seyd, ‘vttyrly,</p> +<p>At Calabur, sekyrly,</p> +<p class = "indent">I ame all̴ Redy ther tyll̴</p> +<p>W<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> a squyer, þ<i>a</i>t will̴ can Ryde;</p> +<p>Fast be the see Sydde +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line910" id = "line910">910</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Schuld we pley ow<i>ur</i> fyle;</p> +<p>And wot ye wyll̴ and vndyrstond,</p> +<p>Ther schall̴ no knyght come nere hond</p> +<p class = "indent">Fore dred of dentt<i>es</i> yll̴.’</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT IS OFFERD A PRINCESS OF PROVYNS.</span></p> + + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza80" id = "stanza80" href = "#notes_stz80"> +(80)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Provyns warns</span> +<p>The kynge seyd: ‘Be godd<i>es</i> ore, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line915" id = "line915">915</a></span></p> +<p>I Rede, þ<i>a</i>t þ<i>ou</i> come not th<i>o</i>re,</p> +<p class = "indent">Fore why, I wyll̴ the seye:</p> +<p>Meche folke of that contre</p> +<p>Come hether<sup>)</sup> for<sup>)</sup> sokor<sup>)</sup> of me,</p> +<p class = "indent">Bothe be nyght and day; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line920" id = "line920">920</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +him against the terrible Giant there,</span> +<p>There ys a gyant of gret Renowne,</p> +<p>He dystrowythe bothe sete and towyn<sup>)</sup></p> +<p class = "indent">And all̴ þ<i>a</i>t euyr<sup>)</sup> he may;</p> +<p>And ase the boke of Rome dothe tell̴,</p> +<p>He wase get of the dewell̴ of hell̴, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line925" id = "line925">925</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">As hys moder on slepe lay.’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>915. <i>kynges</i> (!) MS.</p> + +<p>916. <i>there</i> MS.</p> + +<p>922. <i>sete</i>] second <i>e</i> corr. out of <i>a</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza81" id = "stanza81">(81)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 92<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>The kyng Seyd: ‘Be seynt Adryan<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>I Rede, a nother Jentyll̴ mane</p> +<p class = "indent">Be there and haue the gre:</p> +<p>I haue a dowghttyr, þ<i>a</i>t ys me dere, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line930" id = "line930">930</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and offers him his Daughter and 2 Duchies instead.</span> +<p>Thow schalt here wed to thy fere,</p> +<p class = "indent">And, yf yt thy wyll be,</p> +<p>Two duchyes in <i>l</i>onde</p> +<p>I wille geve here in<sup>)</sup> hande.’</p> +<p class = "indent">‘G<i>ra</i>marcy, syr,’ sayd he, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line935" id = "line935">935</a></span></p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page34" id = "page34">34</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent says he must keep his troth.</span> +<p>‘W<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> my tonge so haue I wrowght,</p> +<p>To breke my day than will̴ I nowght,</p> +<p class = "indent">Nedys me behovythe ther to bee.’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>929. <i>the</i>] so <a href = "#fragIV">F. IV</a>; om. MS.<br /> +<i>degre</i> MS.</p> + +<p>932. So <a href = "#fragIV">F. IV</a>; om. (!) MS.</p> + +<p>933. <i>londe</i>] <i>honde</i> <a href = "#fragIV">F. IV</a>; om. +MS.</p> + +<p>935. <i>syr s. h.</i>] so <a href = "#fragIV">F. IV</a>; <i>seyd he +thane</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT ARRIVES IN CALABRIA.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza82" id = "stanza82">(82)</a></h5> + +<p>‘In godd<i>es</i> name,’ the kyng gane sayne,</p> +<p>‘I<i>es</i>u send the will̴ a-geyne, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line940" id = "line940">940</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Lord so mekyll̴ of myghte!’</p> +<p>Menstrell<i>es</i> was them a-monge,</p> +<p>Trompett<i>es</i>, harpys, and myrre songe,</p> +<p class = "indent">Delycyous nottis on hyght.</p> +<p>When tyme was, to bed they wente; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line945" id = "line945">945</a></span></p> +<p>On the morrow Rose Torrente</p> +<p class = "indent">And toke leve of kyng and knyght</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +He starts,</span> +<p>And toke a Redy weyye,</p> +<p>Be a see syd as yt laye,</p> +<p class = "indent">God send hym gatt<i>es</i> Ryght! +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line950" id = "line950">950</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>947. <i>of</i>] so <a href = "#fragIV">F. IV</a>; <i>on</i> MS.</p> + +<p>948. <i>toke</i>] so <a href = "#fragIV">F. IV</a>; <i>to</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza83" id = "stanza83" href = "#notes_stz83"> +(83)</a></h5> + +<p>A hye stret hathe he nome,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +reaches Calabria,</span> +<p>In to Calabur he ys come</p> +<p class = "indent">W<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> in<sup>)</sup> to days ore +III;</p> +<p>Soo come ther<sup>)</sup> folk<i>es</i> hym a-geyne,</p> +<p>Fast folloyng w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> cart and wayne, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line955" id = "line955">955</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Fro-ward the sytte.</p> +<p>‘Dere god!’ seyd Torrent nowe,</p> +<p>‘Leve folk<i>es</i>, what Eyllythe yow,</p> +<p class = "indent">Soo fast fore to flee?’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and hears of the Giant.</span> +<p>‘There ys a gyante here be-syde, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line960" id = "line960">960</a></span></p> +<p>In ale thys covntre fare and wyde</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 92<i>b</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">No mane on lyve levythe hee.’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>951. <i>nome</i>] so <a href = "#fragV">F. V</a>; <i>none</i> MS.</p> + +<p>952. <i>come</i>] so <a href = "#fragV">F. V</a>; <i>gone</i> MS.</p> + +<p>958. <i>yow</i>] <i>nowe</i> add. (!) MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza84" id = "stanza84" href = "#notes_stz84"> +(84)</a></h5> + +<p>‘Dere god,’ sayd Torrant thane,</p> +<p>‘Where schall̴ I fynd that lo<i>th</i>ly man<sup>)</sup>?’</p> +<p class = "indent">Ther they answerd hym anone: +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line965" id = "line965">965</a></span></p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page35" id = "page35">35</a></span> +<p>‘In a castyll̴ be-syd the see,</p> +<p>Slongus, soo hyght hee,</p> +<p class = "indent">Many a man had he slone.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Giant Slongus is in Hungary;</span> +<p>We wot will̴ wher he doth ly:</p> +<p>Be-fore the cyte of Hungry; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line970" id = "line970">970</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">He will̴ not th<i>en</i>s gone,</p> +<p>Tyll̴ he haue the Ryche kyng<sup>)</sup></p> +<p>To hys p<i>re</i>sone for to bryngg,</p> +<p class = "indent">To be lord of hyme self a-lone.’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>964. <i>lothly</i>] so Hall.; <i>lovely</i> MS.</p> + +<p>965. <i>anone</i>] so <a href = "#fragV">F. V</a>; <i>a geyne</i> +MS.</p> + +<p>968. <i>slone</i>] so <a href = "#fragV">F. V</a>; <i>slaylne</i> (!) +MS.</p> + +<p>969. <i>doth ly</i>] so <a href = "#fragV">F. V</a>; <i>ys</i> +MS.</p> + +<p>970. <i>cyte</i>] so <a href = "#fragV">F. V</a>; <i>knyghthod</i> +MS.<br /> +<i>Hungry</i>] so <a href = "#fragV">F. V</a>; <i>Hongrys</i> MS.</p> + +<p>971. <i>thens</i>] <i>thus</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT FINDS THE GIANT SLONGUS IN HUNGARY.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza85" id = "stanza85">(85)</a></h5> + +<p>Tho wold he no lenger<sup>)</sup> a-byd, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line975" id = "line975">975</a></span></p> +<p>But to the sytte gan he Ryde,</p> +<p class = "indent">As fast as he myght fare;</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +he has broken the City gates,</span> +<p>Here barys fell̴ and broke downe,</p> +<p>And the gatt<i>es</i> of gret Renowne</p> +<p class = "indent">Stondyng<sup>)</sup> all̴ baree. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line980" id = "line980">980</a></span></p> +<p>Men of armys stond hyme a-geyne,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and slain 50 men.</span> +<p>Mo than fyfty had he slayne</p> +<p class = "indent">W<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> gryme woundd<i>es</i> and +sare.</p> +<p>When Torrent of hym had a syght,</p> +<p>Thowe Desonell̴ be neuyr<sup>)</sup> so bryght, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line985" id = "line985">985</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">He will Reue hym hys chaff<i>a</i>r<sup>)</sup>.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +986. <i>hym</i>] <i>m</i> corr. out of <i>s</i>. MS.<br /> +<i>chaffer</i> MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza86" id = "stanza86">(86)</a></h5> + +<p>Torrent in<sup>)</sup> the storrope stod</p> +<p>And p<i>ra</i>yd to god, þ<i>a</i>t dyed on Rode:</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent prays to Christ for help.</span> +<p class = "indent">‘Lord, ase thow schalt ale wyld at wyle,</p> +<p>Gyff me g<i>ra</i>ce to wyn the fyld, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line990" id = "line990">990</a></span></p> +<p>That thys <i>lothly</i> fynd hym yeld</p> +<p class = "indent">A-non to me tyll̴!</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page36" id = "page36">36</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 93<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>A man schall̴ But onnys Dyee,</p> +<p>I will̴ fyght, whill̴ I may Dryee.’</p> +<p class = "indent">He mad cher<sup>)</sup> nobyll̴. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line995" id = "line995">995</a></span></p> +<p>When he had I<i>es</i>u p<i>ra</i>yd of g<i>ra</i>ce,</p> +<p>He wyscheyd hyme a battell̴ plase,</p> +<p class = "indent">Ther as hym lyst we<i>ll</i>e.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>990. <i>wynd</i> (!) MS. <i>vndyr nethe spere and schyld</i> add. (!) +MS.</p> + +<p>991. <i>lothly</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<p>995. <i>nobill chere</i> MS.</p> + +<p>998. <i>welle</i>] <i>were</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT CHALLENGES THE GIANT SLONGUS.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza87" id = "stanza87" href = "#notes_stz87"> +(87)</a></h5> + +<p>Torrent hys spere a-say be-gane,</p> +<p>Bothe schyld and spere than<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1000" id = "line1000">1000</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">That they were sekyr and good.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent blows his horn.</span> +<p>Aftyr þ<i>a</i>t, w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> in a throwe,</p> +<p>Hys good horne gane he blowe.</p> +<p class = "indent">The gyant sawe, wher<sup>)</sup> he stodde:</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Giant Slongus, of Flonthus,</span> +<p>Slong<i>es</i> of Flonthus staryd than<sup>)</sup>; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1005" id = "line1005">1005</a></span></p> +<p>Quod Torrent: ‘Yf thow be a gentyll̴ man<sup>)</sup></p> +<p class = "indent">Or come of gentyll̴ blod,</p> +<p>Let thy beytyng and thy Ermyght be,</p> +<p>And come prove thy strenghe on me,</p> +<p class = "indent">Therfor I sowght the, be the Rodde.’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1010" id = "line1010">1010</a></span></p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +1008. <i>Let be thy b. a. t. erm.</i> MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza88" id = "stanza88">(88)</a></h5> + +<p>The gyant sayd: ‘Be the Roode,</p> +<p>Dewell̴ of hell̴ send the fode,</p> +<p class = "indent">Hether to seche me:</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +says he’ll wring Torrent’s nose.</span> +<p>By the nose I schall̴ the wryng,</p> +<p>Thow berdles gadlyng<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1015" id = "line1015">1015</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">That all̴ hell̴ schall̴ thow see!’</p> +<p>The wey than to hym he toke</p> +<p>And on hys bake he bare a croke,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +His Crook is 13 ft. long.</span> +<p class = "indent">Wase X fot long and thre;</p> +<p>And thow he neu<i>er</i> so gret w<i>a</i>r<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1020" id = "line1020">1020</a></span></p> +<p>Torrent thowght not fare to fare,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 93<i>b</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">Tyll̴ wone of them ded bee.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1011. <i>sayd</i>] written above the line.</p> + +<p>1017. <i>he</i>] so <a href = "#fragVI">F. VI</a>; om. MS.</p> + +<p>1018. <i>he</i>] <i>her</i> MS.<br /> +<i>croke</i>] so <a href = "#fragVI">F. VI</a>; <i>creke</i> (!) MS.</p> + +<p>1020. <i>were</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page37" id = "page37">37</a></span> +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT SLAYS THE GIANT SLONGUS OF FLONTHUS.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza89" id = "stanza89" href = "#notes_stz89"> +(89)</a></h5> + +<p>Thoo wold Torrent no lenger<sup>)</sup> byd,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent charges,</span> +<p>Tyll̴ the theff gan he Ryde,</p> +<p class = "indent">Ase fast ase euyr<sup>)</sup> he may. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1025" id = "line1025">1025</a></span></p> +<p>The theff had non ey but on<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>Soche sawe I neu<i>er</i> none,</p> +<p class = "indent"><i>Ne</i>yther<sup>)</sup> be nyght <i>nor</i> be +day.</p> +<p>Thurrow godd<i>es</i> helpe and sent Awsden<sup>)</sup></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +pierces the Giant’s eye,</span> +<p>The spere <i>throw ye and herne gan ren</i>. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1030" id = "line1030">1030</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">God send hym the Ryght wey;</p> +<p>Than the theff be-gane to Rore.</p> +<p>All̴ that in<sup>)</sup> the sytte wore,</p> +<p class = "indent">Ouyr<sup>)</sup> the wallys they laye.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1024. <i>the</i>] <i>f</i> add. (!) MS.</p> + +<p>1028. <i>Blyther</i> (!) MS.<br /> +<i>nor</i>] so <a href = "#fragVI">F. VI</a>; <i>and</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1030. <i>throw—ren</i>] <i>anon he toke to hym</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1033. <i>wore</i>] so <a href = "#fragVI">F. VI</a>; <i>were</i> +MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza90" id = "stanza90">(90)</a></h5> + +<p>Thow the fynd<i>es</i> ey were owte, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1035" id = "line1035">1035</a></span></p> +<p>Fast he leyd hym a-bowte</p> +<p class = "indent">All̴ þ<i>a</i>t somyrr<i>es</i> nyght;</p> +<p>He set ys backe to an hyll̴,</p> +<p>That Torrent schuld not come hym tyll̴,</p> +<p class = "indent">So meche þ<i>a</i>t theff covd of fyght. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1040" id = "line1040">1040</a></span></p> +<p>He bled so sore, I vndyrstond,</p> +<p>Hys croke fell̴ owt of hys hond,</p> +<p class = "indent">Hys dethe to hyme ys dyght.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +then spears him thro’ the body,</span> +<p>Torrent to hyme Rane w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> a spere,</p> +<p>Thurrow the body he gan hym bere, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1045" id = "line1045">1045</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Thus helpe hym god of myght.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +1040. <i>þat</i>] þ<sup>e</sup> add. MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza91" id = "stanza91">(91)</a></h5> + +<p>All̴ that in<sup>)</sup> the sytte were,</p> +<p>Mad full̴ nobill̴ chere,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and kills him.</span> +<p class = "indent">That thys fynd wase Dedde.</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page38" id = "page38">38</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 94<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>Forthe they Ran w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> stavys of tre, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1050" id = "line1050">1050</a></span></p> +<p>Torrent seyd: ‘So mvt I the,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent preserves the Giant’s head.</span> +<p class = "indent">Kepe hole hys hed!</p> +<p>Yf yt be broke, so god me sped,</p> +<p>Yt ys wyll̴ the worse to lede.’</p> +<p class = "indent">They dyd ase <i>he</i> h<i>e</i>m +b<i>e</i>d<i>e</i>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1055" id = "line1055">1055</a></span></p> +<p>Mo than thre hunderd on a throng</p> +<p>Yt ys solas Euyr<sup>)</sup> a-mong</p> +<p class = "indent">Whan that he was dede.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1047. <i>That alle</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1054. <i>lede</i>] <i>Rede</i>, struck out and <i>lede</i> added in +paler ink.</p> + +<p>1055. <i>That seson they</i> MS.<br /> +<i>he hem</i>] <i>hyme</i> (!) MS.<br /> +<i>bede</i>] <i>bad</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1057 <i>put before</i> 1056 <ins class = "correction" title = +"printed in italics">MS.</ins></p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT GOES TO THE CASTLE OF GIANT SLONGUS.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza92" id = "stanza92" href = "#notes_stz92"> +(92)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Calabria</span> +<p>Than<sup>)</sup> the kyng of Calaber ayen<sup>)</sup> hym went,</p> +<p>Torrent be the hond he hent, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1060" id = "line1060">1060</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">To the hall̴ he gan<sup>)</sup> hym lede</p> +<p>And comaundid squiers t<i>w</i>o,</p> +<p>Of h<i>ys</i> harnes for to do</p> +<p class = "indent">And cloth hym<sup>)</sup> in another wede.</p> +<p>Waytes on the wall̴ gan blowe, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1065" id = "line1065">1065</a></span></p> +<p>Knyghtis assemled on a Rowe,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +feasts him,</span> +<p class = "indent">And sith to the deyse they yede;</p> +<p>‘Sir,’ quod the kyng, ‘of whens are ye?’</p> +<p>‘Of Portingale, sir,’ said he,</p> +<p class = "indent">‘I com heder, to sech my de<i>de</i>.’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1070" id = "line1070">1070</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1062. <i>two</i>] <i>tho</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1063. <i>hys</i>] <i>her</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1070. <i>deth</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza93" id = "stanza93" href = "#notes_stz93"> +(93)</a></h5> + +<p>Full̴ curtesly the kyng gan say</p> +<p><i>To</i> Torrent on the oþ<i>ur</i>e day:</p> +<p class = "indent">‘Wyll̴ ye wend with me</p> +<p>A litull̴ here be-side to passe,</p> +<p>There as the Geaunt<i>es</i> dwelling was +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1075" id = "line1075">1075</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">His man<i>er</i> now for to see?’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and takes him to the Giant’s Castle.</span> +<p>To the castell̴ gan<sup>)</sup> they gone,</p> +<p>Richer saw they never none,</p> +<p class = "indent">Better myght none be.</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page39" id = "page39">39</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Calabria gives Torrent the Giant’s castle,</span> +<p>‘Sir,’ he said, ‘be god all̴-myȝt<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1080" id = "line1080">1080</a></span></p> +<p>For thou hym<sup>)</sup> slew, þat it dight,</p> +<p class = "indent">I vouche it saue on the,</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1072. <i>To T.</i>] <i>Torrent said</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1081. <i>it</i>] <i>is</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT HEARS THAT DESONELL IS TO WED A KING.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza94" id = "stanza94" href = "#notes_stz94"> +(94)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 94<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>‘I yeve <i>yt</i> the, s<i>ir</i>, of my <i>h</i>ond,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and an Earldom.</span> +<p>And there-to, an erledome of <i>my</i> lond,</p> +<p class = "indent">For soth, ye shall̴ it haue; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1085" id = "line1085">1085</a></span></p> +<p>Omage thou shalte none <i>nor</i> ffyne,</p> +<p>But euer more to the and thyne,</p> +<p class = "indent">Frely, so god me saue!’</p> +<p>Lordys, and ye liston wold,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Castle’s name is Cardon.</span> +<p>What was clepud the riche hold: +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1090" id = "line1090">1090</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">The castell̴ of Cardon<sup>)</sup>, <i>by +sawe</i>.</p> +<p>Two days or thre dwellith he th<i>a</i>re</p> +<p>And sith he takythe <i>leve</i> to ffare,</p> +<p class = "indent">Both at knyght and knave.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1083. <i>yt</i>] om. MS.<br /> +<i>of</i>] <i>alle</i> add. MS.<br /> +<i>hond</i>] <i>lond</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1084. <i>my</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<p>1086. <i>nor</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<p>1091. <i>by s.</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<p>1092. <i>there</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza95" id = "stanza95" href = "#notes_stz95"> +(95)</a></h5> + +<p>By the kyng of P<i>er</i>vens he gan gane, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1095" id = "line1095">1095</a></span></p> +<p>That he had oute <i>of preson</i> i-tane</p> +<p class = "indent">His son vppon a day.</p> +<p>Gentilmen were blith and ffayn<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>That he in helth was comyn<sup>)</sup> agayn<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">That they myght with hym<sup>)</sup> play. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1100" id = "line1100">1100</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent hears that Desonell is to marry a strange King.</span> +<p>There of herd he, s<i>er</i>tayn<i>le</i>,</p> +<p>That Desonell̴ wedid shold be</p> +<p class = "indent">With an vncouth Ray.</p> +<p>And listonyth, lordis, of a chaunce,</p> +<p>Howe he lefte his countenaunce +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1105" id = "line1105">1105</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">And takyth hym<sup>)</sup> armes gay!</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1098. <i>leve</i>] <i>the way</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1096. <i>of preson</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<p>1101. <i>sertayn</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1103. <i>vnc.</i>] <i>a</i> add. MS.</p> +</div> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page40" id = "page40">40</a></span> +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT IS KNIGHTED. DESONELL IS MARRIED.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza96" id = "stanza96" href = "#notes_stz96"> +(96)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Provyns knights Torrent.</span> +<p>By-fore the kyng he fell̴ on kne:</p> +<p>‘Good lord,’ he said, ‘for charite,</p> +<p class = "indent">Yeve me order of knyght!</p> +<p>I wott well̴, leryd are ye, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1110" id = "line1110">1110</a></span></p> +<p>My lordys doughter shall̴ wed be</p> +<p class = "indent">To a man<sup>)</sup> off myght.’</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 95<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>‘Sir,’ he said, ‘I trow, she mone</p> +<p>To the prynce off Aragon<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">By this day sevynnyght. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1115" id = "line1115">1115</a></span></p> +<p>Swith,’ he seith, ‘that this be done,</p> +<p>That thou be there and wyn<sup>)</sup> thy shone,</p> +<p class = "indent">Gete the armes bryght.’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1110. <i>ye are leryd</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1111. <i>be wed</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1115 and 1118 have changed their place in the MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza97" id = "stanza97" href = "#notes_stz97"> +(97)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent has</span> +<p>Sir Torrent ordenyth hym a sheld,</p> +<p>It was ryche in euery ffeld, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1120" id = "line1120">1120</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Listonyth, what he bare:</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +an azure shield with a gold squire on it;</span> +<p>O<i>n</i> aȝure a squier off gold,</p> +<p>Richely bett on mold;</p> +<p class = "indent">Listonyth, what he ware:</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and a grinning dragon of gold on the crest of his helmet.</span> +<p>A dragon<sup>)</sup> lying hym be-syde, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1125" id = "line1125">1125</a></span></p> +<p>His mouth grennyng full̴ wyde,</p> +<p class = "indent">All̴ ffyghtyng as they were;</p> +<p>The creste, that on his hede shold stond,</p> +<p>Hit was all̴ gold shynand,</p> +<p class = "indent">Thus previd he hym<sup>)</sup> there. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1130" id = "line1130">1130</a></span></p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +1122. <i>On</i>] <i>of</i> MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza98" id = "stanza98" href = "#notes_stz98"> +(98)</a></h5> + +<p>Lordys assembelid in sale,</p> +<p>Well̴ mo than I haue in tale,</p> +<p class = "indent">Or ellis gret wonder were.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +He hears that Desonell’s marriage is certain.</span> +<p>There herd <i>he</i> tell̴ ffor certan<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>That Desonell̴ wed shold be than<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1135" id = "line1135">1135</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">That was hym selfe ffull̴ dere.</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page41" id = "page41">41</a></span> +<p>And whan<sup>)</sup> he herd of that ffare,</p> +<p>Wors tydingis than were thare,</p> +<p class = "indent">Might he none gladly here<span class = "dots"> . . . +. . . .</span></p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +1134. <i>he</i>] <i>l</i> MS.</p> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT CHALLENGES THE PRINCE OF ARAGON.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza99" id = "stanza99" href = "#notes_stz99"> +(99)</a></h5> + +<p>He wold not in passe, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1140" id = "line1140">1140</a></span></p> +<p>Till̴ <i>at</i> the myd mete was</p> +<p class = "indent">The kyng and meny a knyght;</p> +<p>As they satt at theyre <i>mete</i> glade,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent rides into the Hall where Desonell is,</span> +<p>In at the hall̴ dur <i>he</i> rade</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 95<i>b</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">In armes ffeyre and bryght, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1145" id = "line1145">1145</a></span></p> +<p>With a squier, that is ffre;</p> +<p>Vp to the lady ryduth he,</p> +<p class = "indent">That rychely was i-dight.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and challenges any one to fight him for her.</span> +<p>‘Lordys,’ he said, ‘among you all̴</p> +<p>I chalenge thre coursus in the hall̴, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1150" id = "line1150">1150</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent"><i>Or</i> Delyuer <i>her</i> me with right!’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1141. <i>at</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<p>1143. <i>mete</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<p>1144. <i>he</i>] <i>they</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1151. <i>Delyuer it me</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza100" id = "stanza100" href = "#notes_stz100"> +(100)</a></h5> + +<p>The kyng of Aragon<sup>)</sup> sett her bye,</p> +<p>And he defendid her nobely:</p> +<p class = "indent">‘I wyll̴ none delyu<i>er</i> the.’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Prince of Aragon accepts,</span> +<p>His son said: ‘So muste I thryve, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1155" id = "line1155">1155</a></span></p> +<p>There shall̴ no man just for my wiffe;</p> +<p class = "indent">But yf youre wyll̴ it be,</p> +<p>For her love did I never no dede,</p> +<p>I shall̴ to day, so god me spede:</p> +<p class = "indent">Be-hold and ye shall̴ se.’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1160" id = "line1160">1160</a></span></p> +<p>‘Alas!’ said Desonell̴ the dere,</p> +<p>‘Full̴ longe may I sitt here,</p> +<p class = "indent">Or Torrent chalenge me.’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza101" id = "stanza101" href = "#notes_stz101"> +(101)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +and the lists are made ready.</span> +<p>Trumpett<i>es</i> blew in the prese,</p> +<p>Lordys stond on <i>the grese</i>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1165" id = "line1165">1165</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Ladyes lay ou<i>er</i> and be-held.</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page42" id = "page42">42</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent</span> +<p>The prynce and Torrent th<i>e</i>n</p> +<p>Eyther to other gan ren<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">Smertely in that ffeld;</p> +<p>Torrent sett on hym<sup>)</sup> so sore, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1170" id = "line1170">1170</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +unhorses the Prince of Aragon,</span> +<p>That hors and man down<sup>)</sup> he bore,</p> +<p class = "indent">And all̴ to-sheverd his sheld.</p> +<p>So they tombelid all̴ in ffere,</p> +<p>That afterward of VII yere</p> +<p class = "indent">The prynce none armes myght weld. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1175" id = "line1175">1175</a></span></p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +1165. <i>the grese</i>] <i>reugis</i> or <i>rengis</i> MS.</p> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT BEATS THE PRINCE OF ARAGON.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza102" id = "stanza102" href = "#notes_stz102"> +(102)</a></h5> + +<p>Torrent said: ‘So god me saue,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 96<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>Other two coursus wyll̴ I haue,</p> +<p class = "indent">Yf ye do me law of lond.’</p> +<p>Gret lordys stond styll̴,</p> +<p>They said nether good ne yll̴ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1180" id = "line1180">1180</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">For tynding of his hond.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and he is carried indoors.</span> +<p>The prynce of Aragon<sup>)</sup> in they barr<sup>)</sup></p> +<p>With litull̴ worshipp and sydes sare,</p> +<p class = "indent">He had no fote on ffor to stond.</p> +<p>Thus thes lordys justid aye; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1185" id = "line1185">1185</a></span></p> +<p>Better <i>they</i> had to haue be away,</p> +<p class = "indent">Suche comffort there he ffond.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1167. <i>than</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1186. <i>they</i>] <i>he</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1187. <i>ffound</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza103" id = "stanza103" href = "#notes_stz103"> +(103)</a></h5> + +<p>He wold not in passe,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +At dinner,</span> +<p>Till̴ they at myd mete was,</p> +<p class = "indent">On the other day at none. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1190" id = "line1190">1190</a></span></p> +<p>His squiers habite he had,</p> +<p>Whan<sup>)</sup> he to the deyse yad,</p> +<p class = "indent">With oute couped shone,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent lays Slongus’s head on the table.</span> +<p>And the hede on<sup>)</sup> the bord he laid:</p> +<p>‘Lo, s<i>ir</i> kyng, hold this,’ he said, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1195" id = "line1195">1195</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">‘Or ellis wroth we anon<sup>)</sup>!’</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page43" id = "page43">43</a></span> +<p>They sett still̴ at the bord,</p> +<p>None of hem spake one word,</p> +<p class = "indent">But ryght that he had done.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +1198. <i>They spake nether ylle ne good</i> add. (!) MS.</p> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT CLAIMS DESONELL, AND HALF PORTUGAL.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza104" id = "stanza104" href = "#notes_stz104"> +(104)</a></h5> + +<p>Torrent at the syde bord stode: +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1200" id = "line1200">1200</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent proclaims the promise of the King of Portugal</span> +<p>‘Lystonyth, lordyng<i>es</i>, gentill̴ of blood,</p> +<p class = "indent">For the love of god all̴-myght:</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +to give him Desonell, and half Portugal, if he slew Slongus.</span> +<p>The kyng heyght me his doughter dere,</p> +<p>To ffyght with a ffendys ffere,</p> +<p class = "indent">That wekyd was and wight, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1205" id = "line1205">1205</a></span></p> +<p>To wed her to my wyffe,</p> +<p>And halffe his kyngdome be his liffe,</p> +<p class = "indent">And after his days all̴ his ryght.</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 96<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>Lokyth, lordys, you among, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1210]</span></p> +<p>Whether he do me ryght or wrong!’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1210" id = "line1210">1210</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Tho waried hym<sup>)</sup> both kyng & +knyght.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +1211. <i>&</i>] <i>ky</i>, struck out, add. MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza105" id = "stanza105">(105)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Aragon</span> +<p>Tho said the kyng of Aragon, i-wys:</p> +<p>‘Torrent, I wiste no thing of thys,</p> +<p class = "indent">A gret maister arte thou!’</p> +<p>The kyng sware be seynt Gryffen<sup>)</sup>: +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1215" id = "line1215">1215</a></span></p> +<p>‘With a sword thou shalte her wynne,</p> +<p class = "indent">Or thou haue her nowe:</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +says his son has wedded Desonell.</span> +<p>For why, my son to her was wed,</p> +<p>Gret lordys to churche her led, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1220]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">I take wittnes of all̴ you.’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1220" id = "line1220">1220</a></span></p> +<p>‘Kyng Calamond, haue good day,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +He will be revenged on the King of Portugal.</span> +<p>Thou shalt i-bye it, and I may,</p> +<p class = "indent">To god I make avowe.’</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +1220. <i>you alle</i> MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza106" id = "stanza106" href = "#notes_stz106"> +(106)</a></h5> + +<p>The Emp<i>er</i>oure of Rome ther was,</p> +<p>Be-twene thes kyng<i>es</i> gan<sup>)</sup> he passe +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1225" id = "line1225">1225</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">And said: ‘Lordys, as sone,</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page44" id = "page44">44</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +To settle the quarrel,</span> +<p>This squier, that hath brought this hede,</p> +<p>The kyng had wend he had be dede,</p> +<p class = "indent">And a-venturly gan<sup>)</sup> he gone: +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1230]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +the Emperor suggests a fight between 2 Champions.</span> +<p>I rede you take a day of <i>ryghtes</i>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1230" id = "line1230">1230</a></span></p> +<p>And do it vppon<sup>)</sup> two knyght<i>es</i>,</p> +<p class = "indent">And let no man<sup>)</sup> be +sl<i>o</i>n<sup>)</sup>!’</p> +<p>Gret lordys, that were thare,</p> +<p>This talis lovid at that fare</p> +<p class = "indent">And ordenyd tha<i>t</i> anon<sup>)</sup>. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1235" id = "line1235">1235</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1230. <i>ryghtes</i>] <i>Restys</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1232. <i>slayn</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1235. <i>that</i>] <i>than</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT IS TO FIGHT THE GIANT CATE.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza107" id = "stanza107">(107)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Aragon sends to the giant Cate</span> +<p>To the kyng <i>the thoght</i> com<sup>)</sup> was,</p> +<p>To send vnto Sathanas</p> +<p class = "indent">For a geaunt, that hight Cate,</p> +<p>For to make hym<sup>)</sup> knyght to his hond +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1240]</span></p> +<p>And sease hym<sup>)</sup> in all̴ his lond; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1240" id = "line1240">1240</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 97<i>a</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">The messingere toke the gate.</p> +<p>Gret othes he sware hym than<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>That he shold ffyght but w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> one man<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">And purvey hym he bad</p> +<p>Iryn stavis two or thre, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1245" id = "line1245">1245</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +to fight Torrent</span> +<p>For to ffyght with Torent ffre,</p> +<p class = "indent">Though he there of ne w<i>a</i>tt.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1236. <i>the thoght</i> om. MS.</p> + +<p>1247. <i>wott</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza108" id = "stanza108">(108)</a></h5> + +<p>Than take counsell̴ kyng and knyght,</p> +<p>On lond that he shold not ffyght, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1250]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">But ffar oute in the see, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1250" id = "line1250">1250</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +on an island</span> +<p>In an yle long and br<i>a</i>d;</p> +<p>A gret payn<sup>)</sup> there was made,</p> +<p class = "indent">That holdyn<sup>)</sup> shold it be.</p> +<p>Yf Cate slow Torent, that ffre ys,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +for half Portugal.</span> +<p>Halfe Portyngale shold be his, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1255" id = "line1255">1255</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">To spend with dedys ffre;</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page45" id = "page45">45</a></span> +<p>And yf s<i>ir</i> Torrent myght hym ou<i>er</i>-com<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>He shold haue halfe Aragon<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">Was better than suche thre. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1260]</span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1248. <i>couns.</i>] <i>of</i> add. MS.</p> + +<p>1251. <i>brod</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +THE GIANT CATE, AND TORRENT, GO TO THE ISLAND.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza109" id = "stanza109" href = "#notes_stz109"> +(109)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Giant Cate comes to an Island.</span> +<p>The Gyaunt shipped in a while +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1260" id = "line1260">1260</a></span></p> +<p>And sett hym<sup>)</sup> oute in an yle,</p> +<p class = "indent">That was grow both grene and gay.</p> +<p>Sir Torrent com<sup>)</sup> prekand on a stede,</p> +<p>Richely armed in his wede;</p> +<p class = "indent">‘Lordyngys,’ gan he say, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1265" id = "line1265">1265</a></span></p> +<p>‘It is semely ffor a knyght,</p> +<p>Vppon a stede ffor to ffyght.’</p> +<p class = "indent">They said sone: ‘Nay,</p> +<p>He is so hevy, he can not ryde. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1270]</span></p> +<p>Torrent said: ‘Evill̴ mut he be-tyde, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1270" id = "line1270">1270</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Falshode, woo worth it aye!’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza110" id = "stanza110">(110)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 97<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>‘Sir, takyth housell̴ and shrefte!’</p> +<p>To god he did his hondys lifte,</p> +<p class = "indent">And thankid hym of his sond:</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent prays for Christ’s help,</span> +<p>‘I<i>es</i>u Cryste, I the praye, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1275" id = "line1275">1275</a></span></p> +<p>Send me myght and strengith this day</p> +<p class = "indent">A-yen<sup>)</sup> the ffend to stond!’</p> +<p>To the shipp s<i>ir</i> Torent went,</p> +<p>With the grace, god had hym sent, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1280]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">That was never ffayland; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1280" id = "line1280">1280</a></span></p> +<p>All̴ the lordys of that contre,</p> +<p>Frome Rome vnto the Grekys se,</p> +<p class = "indent">Stode and be-held on lond.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1278. This line begins with a big initial letter.<br /> +<i>Torent</i>] <i>yode</i>, struck out, add. MS.</p> + +<p>1283. <i>On lond stode and be held</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza111" id = "stanza111">(111)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +and lands in the Island too.</span> +<p>Whan s<i>ir</i> Torrent in to the Ile was brought,</p> +<p>The shipmen<sup>)</sup> lenger wold tary nought, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1285" id = "line1285">1285</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">But hied hem sone ageyn<sup>)</sup>;</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page46" id = "page46">46</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Giant</span> +<p>The Giaunt said: ‘So must I the,</p> +<p>Sir, thou art welcom to me,</p> +<p class = "indent">Thy deth is not to layn<sup>)</sup>!’ +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1290]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +knocks Torrent’s staff out of his hand,</span> +<p>The ffirste stroke to hym he yaue, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1290" id = "line1290">1290</a></span></p> +<p>Oute of his hand flew his staff:</p> +<p class = "indent">That thefe was full̴ fayn<sup>)</sup>.</p> +<p>Tho s<i>ir</i> Torent went nere Cate,<span class = "dots"> . . . . +.</span></p> +<p class = "indent">He thought, he wold hym<sup>)</sup> haue +slayn<sup>)</sup>.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT KILLS THE GIANT CATE WITH COBBLE-STONES.</span></p> + + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza112" id = "stanza112">(112)</a></h5> + +<p>The theff couth no better wonne, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1295" id = "line1295">1295</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and runs into the sea.</span> +<p>In to the see rennyth he sone,</p> +<p class = "indent">As faste as he myght ffare.</p> +<p>Sir Torrent gaderid cobled stonys, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1300]</span></p> +<p>Good and handsom ffor the nonys,</p> +<p class = "indent">That good and round w<i>a</i>re; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1300" id = "line1300">1300</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent shies cobble-stones at him,</span> +<p>Meny of them to hym<sup>)</sup> he caste,</p> +<p>He threw stonys on hym so faste,</p> +<p class = "indent">That he was sad and s<i>a</i>re.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +kills him,</span> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 98<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>To the ground he did hym fell̴,</p> +<p>Men<sup>)</sup> myght here the fend yell̴ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1305" id = "line1305">1305</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Halfe a myle and m<i>a</i>re.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1298. <i>gad.</i>] <i>good</i> add. MS.</p> + +<p>1300. <i>were</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1303. <i>sore</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1306. <i>more</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza113" id = "stanza113" href = "#notes_stz113"> +(113)</a></h5> + +<p>Sir Torent said, as he was wonne,</p> +<p>He thankid I<i>es</i>u, Maryes son<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1310]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">That kyng, that sent hym myȝt<sup>)</sup>;</p> +<p>He said: ‘Lordys, for charite, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1310" id = "line1310">1310</a></span></p> +<p>A bote that ye send to me,</p> +<p class = "indent">It is nere hand nyght!’</p> +<p>They Reysed a gale w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> a sayll̴,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and he is towd ashore.</span> +<p>The Geaunt to lond for to trayll̴,</p> +<p class = "indent">All̴ men wonderid on that wight. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1315" id = "line1315">1315</a></span></p> +<p>Whan that they had so done,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent is shipt to the mainland.</span> +<p>They went to s<i>ir</i> Torent full̴ sone</p> +<p class = "indent">And shipped that comly knyght. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1320]</span></p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page47" id = "page47">47</a></span> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT WINS DESONELL, LANDS, AND A CITY.</span></p> + + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza114" id = "stanza114">(114)</a></h5> + +<p>The emp<i>er</i>oure of Rome was there,</p> +<p><i>The kynges</i> of P<i>er</i>vens and of Calabere yare, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1320" id = "line1320">1320</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">And other two or thre.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent is awarded Desonell, territory,</span> +<p>They yaue s<i>ir</i> Torent, that he wan,</p> +<p>Both the Erth and the woman<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">And said, well̴ worthy was he.</p> +<p>Sir Torent had in Aragon<sup>)</sup> +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1325" id = "line1325">1325</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and the City of Cargon.</span> +<p>The riche Cite of Cargon<sup>)</sup></p> +<p class = "indent">And all̴ that riche contre;</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Desonell is divorst from the Prince of Aragon.</span> +<p>Archbeshoppes, as the law fell̴, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1330]</span></p> +<p>Dep<i>ar</i>tid the prynce and Dissonell̴</p> +<p class = "indent">With gret solempnite. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1330" id = "line1330">1330</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1320. <i>The kynges</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<p>1321. <i>other</i>] <i>kynges</i> add. MS.<br /> +<i>or</i>] <i>the</i> add. MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza115" id = "stanza115" href = "#notes_stz115"> +(115)</a></h5> + +<p>For s<i>ir</i> Torent the fend did fall̴,</p> +<p>Gret lordys honoured hym<sup>)</sup> all̴</p> +<p class = "indent">And for a doughty knyght hym<sup>)</sup> tase;</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Portugal acknowledges Torrent,</span> +<p>The kyng said: ‘I vnderstond,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 98<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>Thou hast fought ffor my dought<i>er</i> & my lond, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1335" id = "line1335">1335</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">And well̴ wonne her thou hase.’</p> +<p>He gaue to s<i>aint</i> Nycholas de Barr<sup>)</sup></p> +<p>A grett Erldome and a <i>si</i>marr<sup>)</sup> +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1340]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">That abbey of hym <i>tas</i></p> +<p>For I<i>es</i>us love, moch of myght, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1340" id = "line1340">1340</a></span></p> +<p>That hym helpith day & nyght,</p> +<p class = "indent">Whan<sup>)</sup> he to the battell̴ <i>gas</i>.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1337. <i>saint</i>] <i>sir</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1338. <i>simarr<b>e</b></i>] <i>marr</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1339. <i>tas</i>] <i>redith</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1342. <i>gas</i>] <i>yode</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza116" id = "stanza116" href = "#notes_stz116"> +(116)</a></h5> + +<p>Lordys than<sup>)</sup> at the laste,</p> +<p>Echone on theyre way paste,</p> +<p class = "indent">And euery man<sup>)</sup> to his. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1345" id = "line1345">1345</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and the Queen is glad.</span> +<p>The quene of Portingale was ffayn<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>That s<i>ir</i> Torent was com agayn<sup>)</sup></p> +<p class = "indent">And thankyd god of this. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1350]</span></p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page48" id = "page48">48</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Portugal bids Torrent</span> +<p>Than said the kyng: ‘I vnderstond,</p> +<p>Thou hast fought for my dought<i>er</i> & my lond, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1350" id = "line1350">1350</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">And art my ward, i-wys,</p> +<p>And I wyll̴ not ageyn<sup>)</sup> the say;</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +wait 6 months and a day for Desonell.</span> +<p>But abyde halfe yere and a day,</p> +<p class = "indent">And broke her well̴ with blis!’</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT BEGETS TWINS ON DESONELL.</span></p> + + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza117" id = "stanza117" href = "#notes_stz117"> +(117)</a></h5> + +<p>Torent said: ‘So muste I the, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1355" id = "line1355">1355</a></span></p> +<p>Sith it wyll̴ no better be,</p> +<p class = "indent">I cord with that assent!’</p> +<p>After mete, as I you tell̴, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1360]</span></p> +<p>To speke with mayden<sup>)</sup> Desonell̴,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent</span> +<p class = "indent">To her chamber he went. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1360" id = "line1360">1360</a></span></p> +<p>The damysell̴ so moche of pride</p> +<p>Set hym on<sup>)</sup> her bed-syde,</p> +<p class = "indent">And said: ‘Welcom<sup>)</sup>, verament!’</p> +<p>Such gestenyng he a-right,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +passes a night with Desonell.</span> +<p>That there he dwellid all̴ nyȝt<sup>)</sup> +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1365" id = "line1365">1365</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 99<i>a</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">With that lady gent.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza118" id = "stanza118" href = "#notes_stz118"> +(118)</a></h5> + +<p>Sir Torent dwellid thare</p> +<p>Twelffe wekys and mare, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1370]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">Till̴ letters com hym till̴</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Norway begs</span> +<p>Fro the kyng of Norway; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1370" id = "line1370">1370</a></span></p> +<p>For I<i>es</i>us love he did hym p<i>r</i>aye,</p> +<p class = "indent">Yf it were his wyll̴,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +him to come and fight a Giant there.</span> +<p>He shold com as a doughty knyght,</p> +<p>With a Geaunt for to ffyght,</p> +<p class = "indent">That wyll̴ his londys spyll̴; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1375" id = "line1375">1375</a></span></p> +<p>He wold hym yeve his doughter dere</p> +<p>And halfe Norway ffar and nere,</p> +<p class = "indent">Both be hold and be hyll̴. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1380]</span></p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page49" id = "page49">49</a></span> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT SAILS TO FIGHT A NORWEGIAN GIANT.</span></p> + + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza119" id = "stanza119" href = "#notes_stz119"> +(119)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent</span> +<p>Sir Torent said: ‘So god me saue,</p> +<p>I-nough to lyve vppon I haue, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1380" id = "line1380">1380</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">I wyll̴ desire no more;</p> +<p>But it be, for I<i>es</i>u is sake</p> +<p>A poynt of armes for to take,</p> +<p class = "indent">That hath helpid me be-ffore.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +gives all his land to the King for Desonell;</span> +<p>I yeve the here oute of my hond +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1385" id = "line1385">1385</a></span></p> +<p>To thy doughter all̴ my lond,</p> +<p class = "indent">Yf that I end th<i>o</i>re.’</p> +<p>And whan<sup>)</sup> he toke his way to passe, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1390]</span></p> +<p>Mo than ffyfty with hym was,</p> +<p class = "indent">That fals to hym<sup>)</sup> w<i>o</i>re. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1390" id = "line1390">1390</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1387. <i>there</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1390. <i>were</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza120" id = "stanza120" href = "#notes_stz120"> +(120)</a></h5> + +<p><b>S</b>yr Torent to the lady went,</p> +<p>Full̴ curtesly and gent:<span class = "dots"> . . . . .</span></p> +<p>‘Desonell̴, haue good day!</p> +<p>I muste now on my jurnay,</p> +<p class = "indent">A kyngis lond for to fend. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1395" id = "line1395">1395</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +leaves 2 gold rings with her,</span> +<p>Thes gold ryng<i>es</i> I shall̴ yeve the,</p> +<p>Kepe <i>them</i> well̴, my lady ffre,</p> +<p class = "indent">Yf god a child vs send!’ +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1400]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 99<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>She toke the ryngis with moche care,</p> +<p>Thries in sownyng fell̴ she thare, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1400" id = "line1400">1400</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Whan she saw, that he wold wend.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1393. <i>Denoselle</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1397. <i>them</i>] om. MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza121" id = "stanza121">(121)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +and goes on board ship with his steed and armour.</span> +<p>Shipp and takyll̴ they dight,</p> +<p>Stede and armo<i>ur</i> ffor to ffyght</p> +<p class = "indent">To the bote they bare.</p> +<p>Gentilmen<sup>)</sup>, that were hend, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1405" id = "line1405">1405</a></span></p> +<p>Toke her leve at theyre frend,</p> +<p class = "indent">With hym ffor to fare.</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page50" id = "page50">50</a></span> +<p>Kyng Colomond, is not to layn<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1410]</span></p> +<p>He wold, that he cam nev<i>ur</i>e agayn<sup>)</sup>;</p> +<p class = "indent">There fore god yeff hym<sup>)</sup> care! +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1410" id = "line1410">1410</a></span></p> +<p>So within the ffyfty dayes</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent gets to Norway.</span> +<p>He Come in to the lond of Norways,</p> +<p class = "indent">Hard Contre ffound he thare.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT REACHES NORWAY, AND HEARS OF A GIANT.</span></p> + + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza122" id = "stanza122">(122)</a></h5> + +<p>Thus s<i>ir</i> Torrent, for soth, is fare,</p> +<p>A noble wynd droffe hym<sup>)</sup> thare, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1415" id = "line1415">1415</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Was blowyng oute of the weste.</p> +<p>Of the Coste of Norway they had a sight<span class = "dots"> . . +.</span> +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1419]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">Of sayling they were all̴ preste.</p> +<p>So ffeyre a wynd had the knyght,</p> +<p>A litull̴ be-ffore the mydnyght +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1420" id = "line1420">1420</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">He Rode be a foreste.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The shipmen tell him of a Giant.</span> +<p>The shipmen said: ‘We be shent;</p> +<p>Here dwellith a geaunt, verament,</p> +<p class = "indent">On his lond are we <i>kest</i>!’</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +1424. <i>kest</i>] <i>sett</i> MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza123" id = "stanza123">(123)</a></h5> + +<p>The maistershipm<i>o</i>n<sup>)</sup> said: ‘Nowe +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1425" id = "line1425">1425</a></span></p> +<p>I Rede, we take down<sup>)</sup> sayle & Rowe,</p> +<p class = "indent">While we haue this tyde. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1430]</span></p> +<p>Sir,’ he said, ‘be god all̴myght,</p> +<p>The giant lieth euery nyght</p> +<p class = "indent">On<sup>)</sup> the mowntayn<sup>)</sup> here +be-syde; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1430" id = "line1430">1430</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 100<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>My lord the kyng wyll̴ not ffyght,</p> +<p>Till̴ he of you haue a sight,</p> +<p class = "indent">On you ys all̴ his pryde!’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent resolves to land.</span> +<p>Sir Torrent said: ‘Here my hond!</p> +<p>Sith we be ryven on this lond, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1435" id = "line1435">1435</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">To nyght wyll̴ I ryde.’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1425. <i>maistershipmen</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1429. <i>lieth</i>] <i>here</i> add. MS.</p> + +<p>1434. <i>Torerent</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page51" id = "page51">51</a></span> +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT LANDS IN THE FOREST OF BRASILL.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza124" id = "stanza124" href = "#notes_stz124"> +(124)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent and his knights arm.</span> +<p>Sir Torent armyd hym<sup>)</sup> anon +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1440]</span></p> +<p>And his knyght<i>es</i> euerychone</p> +<p class = "indent">With sheld and spere in hond.</p> +<p>The shipmen<sup>)</sup> said: ‘As mut I thryve, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1440" id = "line1440">1440</a></span></p> +<p>I Rede, that euery man<sup>)</sup> other shryve,</p> +<p class = "indent">Or that we go to the lond.’</p> +<p>Sir Torent said: ‘As god me spede,</p> +<p>We will̴ firste se that ffede,</p> +<p class = "indent">My lord was never f<i>ail</i>and! +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1445" id = "line1445">1445</a></span></p> +<p>Gentilmen, ma<i>k</i>e chere good,</p> +<p>For I<i>es</i>u love, that died on Rood, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1450]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">He will̴ be oure waraunt!’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1445. <i>fleand</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1446. <i>make</i>] <i>made</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza125" id = "stanza125">(125)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +They reach the Forest of Brasill.</span> +<p>In a forest can<sup>)</sup> they passe,</p> +<p>Of Brasill̴, saith the boke, it was, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1450" id = "line1450">1450</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">With bowes brod and wyde.</p> +<p>Lyons and berys there they ff<i>a</i>nd</p> +<p>And wyld best<i>es</i> aboute goand,</p> +<p class = "indent">Reysing on euery side.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The coward knights flee to the ship,</span> +<p>Thes men<sup>)</sup> of armes, w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> trayn<sup>)</sup> +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1455" id = "line1455">1455</a></span></p> +<p>To the shipp they flew agayn<sup>)</sup></p> +<p class = "indent">In to the see at that tyde; +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1460]</span></p> +<p>Fast from land row they be-gan<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and leave Torrent alone.</span> +<p>A-bove they left that gentilman<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">With wyld beestis to haue kyde. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1460" id = "line1460">1460</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1451. <i>bowes</i>] <i>browes</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1452. <i>ffound</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1460. <i>k</i> corrected out of <i>r</i>.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza126" id = "stanza126" href = "#notes_stz126"> +(126)</a></h5> + +<p>The shipmen<sup>)</sup> of the same lond</p> +<p>Ryved vp, I vnderstond,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 100<i>b</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">In another lond off hold.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +False tales of Torrent are told to the King of Norway.</span> +<p>To the chamber they toke the way,</p> +<p>There the kyng hym<sup>)</sup> selfe lay, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1465" id = "line1465">1465</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">And fals talis hym<sup>)</sup> told<span class = +"dots"> . . . . . .</span></p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page52" id = "page52">52</a></span> +<p>For he wold not the geaunt abyde, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1470]</span></p> +<p>For all̴ this contrey feyre and wyde,</p> +<p class = "indent">Thouȝ he yeff it hym wold.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +1465 put before 1464 MS.</p> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT COMES ON 2 DRAGONS IN A VALLEY.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza127" id = "stanza127">(127)</a></h5> + +<p>‘Sir kyng, ye haue youre selfe +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1470" id = "line1470">1470</a></span></p> +<p>Erlis <i>doughty be</i> ten<sup>)</sup> or twelfe,</p> +<p class = "indent">Better know I none:</p> +<p>Send youre messingeris ffar and wyde,</p> +<p>For to ffell̴ the geaunt<i>es</i> pride,</p> +<p class = "indent">That youre doughter hath tane.’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1475" id = "line1475">1475</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Norway wants Torrent to come.</span> +<p>‘I had lever to haue that knyght;</p> +<p>With hym<sup>)</sup> is grace of god all̴myȝt<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">To be here at his bane.’ +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1480]</span></p> +<p>Full̴ litull̴ wist that riche kyng</p> +<p>Of s<i>ir</i> Torrent<i>es</i> ryding +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1480" id = "line1480">1480</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">In the forest all̴ alone.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1471. <i>doughty be</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<p>1476. <i>that</i>] <i>ky</i>, struck out, add. MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza128" id = "stanza128">(128)</a></h5> + +<p>Thorouȝ helpe of god that w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> hym was,</p> +<p>Fro the wyld bestis gan<sup>)</sup> he passe</p> +<p class = "indent">To an hye hyll̴.</p> +<p>A litull̴ while be-fore the day +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1485" id = "line1485">1485</a></span></p> +<p>He herd in a valey</p> +<p class = "indent">A dynnyng and a yell̴. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1490]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent rides up to 2 Dragons.</span> +<p>Theder than<sup>)</sup> riduth he,</p> +<p>To loke, what thing it myȝt be,</p> +<p class = "indent">What adventure tha<i>re</i> be-fell̴. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1490" id = "line1490">1490</a></span></p> +<p>It were two dragons stiff and strong,</p> +<p>Vppon<sup>)</sup> theyre lay they sat and song,</p> +<p class = "indent">Be-side a depe well̴.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +1490. <i>thare</i>] <i>that</i> MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza129" id = "stanza129">(129)</a></h5> + +<p>Sir Torent said thanne</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 101<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>To god, that made man<sup>)</sup> +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1495" id = "line1495">1495</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">And died uppon<sup>)</sup> a tree:</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page53" id = "page53">53</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent prays to Christ,</span> +<p>‘Lord, as thou mayst all̴ weld, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1500]</span></p> +<p>Yeve me grace, to wyn<sup>)</sup> the feld</p> +<p class = "indent">Of thes ffendys on<i>fre</i>!’</p> +<p>Whan he had his p<i>r</i>ayers made, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1500" id = "line1500">1500</a></span></p> +<p>Pertely to hem<sup>)</sup> he Rade</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +spears the first Dragon;</span> +<p class = "indent">And one thorouȝ oute bare he.</p> +<p>Thus sped the knyght at his comyng</p> +<p>Thorough the helpe of hevyn<sup>)</sup> kyng:</p> +<p class = "indent">Lord, lovid muste thou be! +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1505" id = "line1505">1505</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1499. <i>onfre</i>] <i>ontrewe</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1502. <i>he bare</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT KILLS THE 2 DRAGONS, AND SEES A CASTLE.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza130" id = "stanza130">(130)</a></h5> + +<p>The other dragon wold not flee,<span class = "dots"> . . . . +.</span></p> +<p class = "indent">But sho<i>w</i>ith all̴ his myght; +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1510]</span></p> +<p>He smote ffire, that lothely thing,</p> +<p>As it were the lightnyng,</p> +<p class = "indent">Vppon<sup>)</sup> that comly knyght. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1510" id = "line1510">1510</a></span></p> +<p>There fore s<i>ir</i> Torent wold not lett,</p> +<p>But on<sup>)</sup> the dragon) fast<sup>)</sup> he bett</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and then kills the second.</span> +<p class = "indent">And over-come that foule wight.</p> +<p>Tho anon the day sprong,</p> +<p>Fowles Rose, mery they song, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1515" id = "line1515">1515</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">The sonne a-Rose on hyȝ<i>t</i>.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1507. <i>shotith</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1516. <i>hyȝe</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza131" id = "stanza131" href = "#notes_stz131"> +(131)</a></h5> + +<p>Torent of the day was full̴ blithe, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1520]</span></p> +<p>And of the valey he did hym<sup>)</sup> swith,</p> +<p class = "indent">As fast as euer he may.</p> +<p>To a mowntayn<sup>)</sup> he rode ryght, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1520" id = "line1520">1520</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +He sees a Castle.</span> +<p>Of a castell̴ he had a sight</p> +<p class = "indent">With towrys hyȝe and gay<span class = "dots"> . . . +. . .</span></p> +<p>He come in to an hyȝe strete,</p> +<p>Few folke gan<sup>)</sup> he mete,</p> +<p class = "indent">To wis hym<sup>)</sup> the way. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1525" id = "line1525">1525</a></span></p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +1525. <i>wish</i> MS.</p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page54" id = "page54">54</a></span> +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT BEFORE THE NORSE GIANT’S CASTLE.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza132" id = "stanza132" href = "#notes_stz132"> +(132)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent rides to the Norse Giant’s castle gates.</span> +<p>To the gatys tho he R<i>a</i>de;</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 101<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>Full̴ craftely they were made +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1530]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">Of Irun<sup>)</sup> and eke of tree.</p> +<p>One tre stonding there he ffond:</p> +<p>Nyne oxen<sup>)</sup> of that lond +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1530" id = "line1530">1530</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Shold not drawe the tre.</p> +<p>The Giaunt wrought vp his w<i>a</i>ll̴</p> +<p>And laid stonys gret and small̴:</p> +<p class = "indent">A lothely man<sup>)</sup> was he.</p> +<p>‘Now,’ quod Torrent, ‘I <i>n</i>ot, whare, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1535" id = "line1535">1535</a></span></p> +<p>My squiers be ffro me to fare,</p> +<p class = "indent">Euer waried th<i>ey</i> be! +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1540]</span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1526. <i>rode</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1529. <i>ffound</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1532. <i>welle</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1535. <i>wot</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1537. <i>they</i>] <i>thou</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza133" id = "stanza133">(133)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +He considers what he shall do,</span> +<p>‘Lord god, what is beste,</p> +<p>So I<i>es</i>u me helpe, Est or Weste,</p> +<p class = "indent">I Can not Rede to <i>say</i>. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1540" id = "line1540">1540</a></span></p> +<p>Yf I to the shipp fare,</p> +<p>No shipmen<sup>)</sup> ffynd <i>I</i> thare;</p> +<p class = "indent">It is long, sith they were away.</p> +<p>Other wayes yf I wend,</p> +<p>Wyld bestis wyll̴ me shend: +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1545" id = "line1545">1545</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Falshede, woo worth it aye!</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and resolves to fight.</span> +<p>I ffyght here, I<i>es</i>u, for thy sake; +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1560]</span></p> +<p>Lord, to me kepe thou take,</p> +<p class = "indent">As thou best may!’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1540. <i>say</i>] <i>done</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1542. <i>And no</i> MS.<br /> +<i>I</i>] om. MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza134" id = "stanza134" href = "#notes_stz134"> +(134)</a></h5> + +<p>Down<sup>)</sup> light this gentill̴ knyght, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1550" id = "line1550">1550</a></span></p> +<p>To Rest hym<sup>)</sup> a litull̴ wight,</p> +<p class = "indent">And vnbrydelid his stede</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +He baits his steed.</span> +<p>And let hym<sup>)</sup> bayte on<sup>)</sup> the ground,</p> +<p>And aventid hym<sup>)</sup> in<sup>)</sup> that stound,</p> +<p class = "indent">There of he had gret nede. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1555" id = "line1555">1555</a></span></p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page55" id = "page55">55</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Norse Giant prepares to fight.</span> +<p>The Gyaunt yode and gaderid stone</p> +<p>And sye, where the knyght gan<sup>)</sup> gone, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1570]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 102<i>a</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">All̴ armed in dede;</p> +<p>And wot ye well̴ and not wene,</p> +<p>Whan eyther of hem had other sene, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1560" id = "line1560">1560</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Smertely <i>they</i> rerid her dede.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1553. <i>bayte</i>] <i>hym</i> add. MS.</p> + +<p>1561. <i>they</i>] om. MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT GETS ASSURANCE FROM HEAVEN.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza135" id = "stanza135" href = "#notes_stz135"> +(135)</a></h5> + +<p>For that s<i>ir</i> Torent had hym sene,</p> +<p>He worth vppon his stede, I wene,</p> +<p class = "indent">And I<i>es</i>u prayd<i>e</i> he till̴:</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent prays to Christ,</span> +<p>‘Mary son<sup>)</sup>, thou here my bone, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1565" id = "line1565">1565</a></span></p> +<p>As I am<sup>)</sup> in venturus s<i>t</i>ad come,</p> +<p class = "indent">My jurnay <i>to</i> full̴-ffyll̴!’ +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1580]</span></p> +<p>A voys was fro hevyn<sup>)</sup> sent</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and is cheerd by a voice from Heaven.</span> +<p>And said: ‘Be blith, s<i>ir</i> Torent,</p> +<p class = "indent">And yeve the no thing yll̴, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1570" id = "line1570">1570</a></span></p> +<p>To ffyght with my lordys enemy:</p> +<p>Whether that thou lyve or dye,</p> +<p class = "indent">Thy mede the quyte he wyll̴!’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1566. <i>sad</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1567. <i>to</i>] <i>than</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1573. <i>He wylle quyte the thy mede</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza136" id = "stanza136">(136)</a></h5> + +<p>Be that the giaunt had hym dight,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Giant advances against Torrent.</span> +<p>Cam<sup>)</sup> ageyn<sup>)</sup> that gentill̴ knyght, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1575" id = "line1575">1575</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">As bold as eny bore;</p> +<p>He bare on<sup>)</sup> his nek a croke, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1590]</span></p> +<p>Woo were the man<sup>)</sup>, that he ou<i>er</i>toke,</p> +<p class = "indent">It was twelfe ffote and more.</p> +<p>‘Sir,’ he said, ‘ffor charite, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1580" id = "line1580">1580</a></span></p> +<p>Loke, curtes man<sup>)</sup> that thou be,</p> +<p class = "indent">Yf thy wyll̴ ware:</p> +<p>I haue so fought all̴ this nyght</p> +<p>With thy II dragons wekyd and wight,</p> +<p class = "indent">They haue bett me full̴ sore.’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1585" id = "line1585">1585</a></span></p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page56" id = "page56">56</a></span> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +THE NORSE GIANT, WERAUNT, WOUNDS TORRENT.</span></p> + + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza137" id = "stanza137" href = "#notes_stz137"> +(137)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Giant says he’ll punish</span> +<p>The Geaunt said: ‘Be my fay,</p> +<p>Wors tyding<i>es</i> to me this day +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1600]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">I myght not goodly here.</p> +<p>Thorough the valey as thou cam<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent for killing his 2 Dragons</span> +<p>My two dragons hast thou slan<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1590" id = "line1590">1590</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 102<i>b</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">My solempnite they were.</p> +<p>To the I haue full̴ good gate;</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and his Brother Cate.</span> +<p>For thou slow my brother Cate,</p> +<p class = "indent">That thou shalte by full̴ dere!’</p> +<p>Be-twene the giaunt and the knyght +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1595" id = "line1595">1595</a></span></p> +<p>Men myght se buffett<i>es</i> right,</p> +<p class = "indent">Who so had be there. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1610]</span></p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +1590. <i>slayne</i> MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza138" id = "stanza138" href = "#notes_stz138"> +(138)</a></h5> + +<p>Sir Torent yaue to hym<sup>)</sup> a brayd;</p> +<p>He levid that the aungell̴ said,</p> +<p class = "indent">Of deth yaue he no<i>ught</i>. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1600" id = "line1600">1600</a></span></p> +<p>In to the brest he hym<sup>)</sup> bare,</p> +<p>His spere hede lefte he thare,</p> +<p class = "indent">So evill̴ was hitt <i>bythought</i>.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Giant’s crook cuts through Torrent’s shield to his flesh,</span> +<p>The Giaunt hym ayen<sup>)</sup> smate</p> +<p>Thorough his sheld and his plate, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1605" id = "line1605">1605</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">In to the flesh it sought;</p> +<p>And sith he pullith at his croke, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1620]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and sticks there.</span> +<p>So fast in to the flesh it toke,</p> +<p class = "indent">That oute myȝt he gete it nought.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1600. <i>nought</i>] <i>no dynt</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1603. <i>byth.</i>] <i>mynt</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza139" id = "stanza139">(139)</a></h5> + +<p>On hym<sup>)</sup> he hath it broke, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1610" id = "line1610">1610</a></span></p> +<p>Glad pluckys there he toke,</p> +<p class = "indent">Set sadly and s<i>a</i>re.</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page57" id = "page57">57</a></span> +<p>Sir Torent stalworth satt,</p> +<p>Oute of his handys he it gatt,</p> +<p class = "indent">No lenger dwellid he th<i>a</i>re. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1615" id = "line1615">1615</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent throws his shield and the Giant’s crook into the water.</span> +<p>In to the water he cast his sheld,</p> +<p>Croke and all̴ to-geders it held, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1630]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">Fare after, how so euer it ffare.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Giant goes in after them and is drowned.</span> +<p>The Geaunt folowid w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> all̴ his mayn<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>And he come never quyk agayn<sup>)</sup>: +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1620" id = "line1620">1620</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">God wold, that so it ware.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1612. <i>sore</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1615. <i>there</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT SLAYS THE NORSE GIANT, WERAUNT.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza140" id = "stanza140">(140)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 103<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>Sir Torent bet hym<sup>)</sup> there,</p> +<p>Till̴ that this fend did were,</p> +<p class = "indent">Or he thens wend.</p> +<p>On hym had he hurt but ane, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1625" id = "line1625">1625</a></span></p> +<p>Lesse myght be a mann<i>us</i> bane,</p> +<p class = "indent">But god is full̴ hend: +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1640]</span></p> +<p>Thorough grace of hym, that all̴ shall̴ weld,</p> +<p>There the knyght had the feld,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent rides to the Giant’s castle,</span> +<p class = "indent">Such grace god did hym<sup>)</sup> send. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1630" id = "line1630">1630</a></span></p> +<p>Be than it nyed nere hand nyȝt<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>To a castell̴ he Rode right,</p> +<p class = "indent">All̴ nyght there to lend.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +1626. <i>But lesse</i> MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza141" id = "stanza141">(141)</a></h5> + +<p>In the castell̴ found he nought,</p> +<p>That god on the Rode bought; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1635" id = "line1635">1635</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">High vppon<sup>)</sup> a toure,</p> +<p>As he caste a side lokyng, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1650]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and finds a fair Lady there.</span> +<p>He saw a lady in her bed syttyng,</p> +<p class = "indent">White as lylye ffloure;</p> +<p>Vp a-Rose that lady bryght, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1640" id = "line1640">1640</a></span></p> +<p>And said: ‘Welcom<sup>)</sup>, s<i>ir</i> knyght,</p> +<p class = "indent">That fast art in stoure!’</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page58" id = "page58">58</a></span> +<p>‘Damysell̴, welcom<sup>)</sup> mut thou be!</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent asks for a night’s lodging.</span> +<p>Graunt thou me, for charite,</p> +<p class = "indent">Of one nyghtis so<i>i</i>oure!’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1645" id = "line1645">1645</a></span></p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +1645. <i>socoure</i> MS.</p> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT IN THE GIANT WERAUNT’S CASTLE.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza142" id = "stanza142" href = "#notes_stz142"> +(142)</a></h5> + +<p>‘By Mary,’ said that lady clere,</p> +<p>‘Me for-thinkith, that thou com<sup>)</sup> here, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1660]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Lady says the Giant Weraunt will kill him.</span> +<p class = "indent">Thy deth now is dight;</p> +<p>For here dwellith a geaunt,</p> +<p>He is clepud Weraunt, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1650" id = "line1650">1650</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">He is <i>to</i> the devill̴ be-taught.</p> +<p>To day at morn<sup>)</sup> he toke his croke,</p> +<p>Forth at the yat<i>es</i> the way he toke,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 103<i>b</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">And said, he wold haue a draught;</p> +<p>And here be chambers two or thre, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1655" id = "line1655">1655</a></span></p> +<p>In one of hem I shall̴ hide the,</p> +<p class = "indent">God the saue ffrome harmes right!’ +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1670]</span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1650. <i>Weraunt</i>] <i>weraumt</i> (?) MS.</p> + +<p>1651. <i>to</i>] <i>of</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza143" id = "stanza143">(143)</a></h5> + +<p>‘Certayn<sup>)</sup>,’ tho said the knyght,</p> +<p>‘That theffe I saw to nyght,</p> +<p class = "indent">Here be-side a sla<i>d</i>e. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1660" id = "line1660">1660</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent tells her to</span> +<p>He was a ferly freke in ffyght,</p> +<p>With hym faught a yong knyght,</p> +<p class = "indent">Ech on other laid good l<i>a</i>de;</p> +<p>Me thought well̴, as he stode,</p> +<p>He was of the fend<i>us</i> blood, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1665" id = "line1665">1665</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">So Rude was he made.</p> +<p>Dame, yf thou leve not me, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1680]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +come and see the Giant.</span> +<p>Com<sup>)</sup> nere, and thou shalt se,</p> +<p class = "indent">Which of hem ab<i>a</i>de.’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1660. <i>slate</i> or <i>flate</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1663. <i>lode</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1669. <i>abode</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza144" id = "stanza144" href = "#notes_stz144"> +(144)</a></h5> + +<p>Blith was that lady bryght +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1670" id = "line1670">1670</a></span></p> +<p>For to se that <i>selly</i> sight:</p> +<p class = "indent">With the knyght went she.</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page59" id = "page59">59</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Norwegian Princess sees the Giant’s corpse,</span> +<p>Whan she cam, where the Geaunt lay,</p> +<p>‘Sir,’ she said, ‘p<i>ar</i>maffay</p> +<p class = "indent">I wott well̴, it is he. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1675" id = "line1675">1675</a></span></p> +<p>Other he was of god all̴-myght</p> +<p>Or seynt George, oure lady knyȝt<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1690]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">That there his bane hath be.</p> +<p>Yf eny cryston<sup>)</sup> man smyte hym down<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and praises his slayer.</span> +<p>He is worthy to haue renown<sup>)</sup> +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1680" id = "line1680">1680</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Thorough oute all̴ crystiaunte.’</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +1671. <i>selly</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT RESCUES THE PRINCESS OF NORWAY.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza145" id = "stanza145" href = "#notes_stz145"> +(145)</a></h5> + +<p>‘I haue wonder,’ said the knyght,</p> +<p>‘How he gate the, lady bryght,</p> +<p class = "indent">Fro my lord the kyng.’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +She tells Torrent</span> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 104<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>‘Sir,’ she said, ‘verament, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1685" id = "line1685">1685</a></span></p> +<p>As my fader on huntyng went</p> +<p class = "indent">Erly in a mornyng, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1700]</span></p> +<p>For<i>e</i> his men pursued a dere,</p> +<p>To his castell̴, that stondith here,</p> +<p class = "indent">That doth my hondys wryng, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1690" id = "line1690">1690</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +that her Father gave her, as his ransom, to the Giant.</span> +<p>This Giaunt hym toke, wo he be!</p> +<p>For his love he gevith hym<sup>)</sup> me,</p> +<p class = "indent">He wold none other thinge.’</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +1688. <i>For</i> MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza146" id = "stanza146">(146)</a></h5> + +<p>Forth she brought bred and wyne,</p> +<p>Fayn<sup>)</sup> he was for to dyne<span class = "dots"> . . . . . +.</span> +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1695" id = "line1695">1695</a></span></p> +<p>This knyght made noble chere,</p> +<p>Though that he woundid were +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1710]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">With the Geaunt strong.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza147" id = "stanza147">(147)</a></h5> + +<p>Sir Torrent dwellid no lenger thare,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent takes her away.</span> +<p>Than<sup>)</sup> he myȝt away fare +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1700" id = "line1700">1700</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">With that lady bryght.</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page60" id = "page60">60</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent longs for Desonell.</span> +<p>‘Now, I<i>es</i>u, that made hell̴,</p> +<p>Send me on lyve to Desonell̴,</p> +<p class = "indent">That I my trouth to plight!’</p> +<p>Tho sye they be a forest syde +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1705" id = "line1705">1705</a></span></p> +<p>Men<sup>)</sup> of armes ffaste ride</p> +<p class = "indent">On coursers comly dight. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1720]</span></p> +<p>The lady said: ‘So mvst I thee,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Norwegian Princess sees her Father.</span> +<p>It is my fader, is com for me,</p> +<p class = "indent">With the Geaunt to ffyght.’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1710" id = "line1710">1710</a></span></p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT IS WELCOMD BY THE KING OF NORWAY.</span></p> + + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza148" id = "stanza148" href = "#notes_stz148"> +(148)</a></h5> + +<p>An harood said anon<sup>)</sup> right:</p> +<p>‘Yon I se an armed knyght,</p> +<p class = "indent">And no squier, but hym<sup>)</sup> one:</p> +<p>He is so <i>big</i> of bone & blood,</p> +<p>He is the Geaunt, be the Rode!’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1715" id = "line1715">1715</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Som<sup>)</sup> seith, he riduth +vppon<sup>)</sup>.</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 104<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>‘Nay,’ said the kyng, ‘verament, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1820]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent is recognised</span> +<p>It is the knyght, that I after sent,</p> +<p class = "indent">I thanke god and seynt Iohñ,</p> +<p>For the Geaunt slayn<sup>)</sup>) hath he +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1720" id = "line1720">1720</a></span></p> +<p>And wonne my dought<i>er</i>, well̴ is me!</p> +<p class = "indent">All̴ his men are <i>a</i>t<i>o</i>ne!’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1714. <i>big</i>] <i>long</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1722. <i>at.</i>] <i>tane</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza149" id = "stanza149">(149)</a></h5> + +<p>Wott ye well̴, with Ioy and blis</p> +<p>Sir Torent there recevid ys,</p> +<p class = "indent">As doughty man<sup>)</sup> of dede. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1725" id = "line1725">1725</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and welcomd by the King of Norway.</span> +<p>The kyng and other lordys gent</p> +<p>Said, ‘Welcom<sup>)</sup>, s<i>ir</i> Torent, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1830]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">In to this vncouth <i>thede</i>!’</p> +<p>In to a state they hym<sup>)</sup> brought,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +His wounds are drest.</span> +<p>Lechis sone his woundis sought; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1730" id = "line1730">1730</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">They said, so god hem spede,</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page61" id = "page61">61</a></span> +<p>Were there no lyve but ane,</p> +<p>His liffe they wyll̴ not vndertane,</p> +<p class = "indent">For no gold ne ffor mede.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +1728. <i>thede</i>] <i>lond</i> MS.</p> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +PRINCESS GENDRES. TORRENT STAYS A YEAR IN NORWAY.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza150" id = "stanza150">(150)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Princess</span> +<p>The lady wist not or than<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1735" id = "line1735">1735</a></span></p> +<p>That he was hurt, that gentilman<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">And sith she went hym tyll̴; +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1840]</span></p> +<p>She sought his wound<i>us</i> and said thare:</p> +<p>‘Thou shalte lyve and welfare,</p> +<p class = "indent">Yf the no-thing evyll̴! +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1740" id = "line1740">1740</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +claims Torrent as her husband.</span> +<p>My lord the kyng hath me hight,</p> +<p>That thou shalt wed me, s<i>ir</i> knyght,</p> +<p class = "indent">The fforward ye to fulle ffyll̴.’</p> +<p>‘Damysell̴, loo here my hond:</p> +<p>And I take eny wyffe in this lond, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1745" id = "line1745">1745</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">It shall̴ be at thy wyll̴!’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza151" id = "stanza151">(151)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +Her name is Gendres.</span> +<p>Gendres was that ladyes name. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1850]</span></p> +<p>The Geaunt<i>es</i> hede he brought hame,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 105<i>a</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">And the dragons <i>he brought</i>.</p> +<p>Mene myght here a myle aboute, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1750" id = "line1750">1750</a></span></p> +<p>How on the dede hedys they did shoute,</p> +<p class = "indent">For the shame, that they hem<sup>)</sup> +wrought,</p> +<p>Both with dede and with tong</p> +<p>Fyfte on the hedys dong,</p> +<p class = "indent">That to the ground they sought. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1755" id = "line1755">1755</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent stays 12 months in Norway.</span> +<p>Sir Torrent dwellid thare</p> +<p>Twelfe monythis and mare, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1860]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">That ffurther myȝt he nought.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1749. <i>he br.</i>] <i>also</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1752. <i>they</i>] <i>had</i> add. MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza152" id = "stanza152" href = "#notes_stz152"> +(152)</a></h5> + +<p>The kyng of Norway said: ‘Nowe,</p> +<p>Fals thevis, woo worth you, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1760" id = "line1760">1760</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Ferly sotell̴ were ye:</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page62" id = "page62">62</a></span> +<p>Ye said, the knyght wold not com<sup>)</sup>:</p> +<p>Swith oute of my kyngdome,</p> +<p class = "indent">Or hangid shall̴ ye be!’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Norway sends Torrent’s false Squires to sea,</span> +<p>His squiers, that fro hym<sup>)</sup> fled, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1765" id = "line1765">1765</a></span></p> +<p>With sore strokys are they spred</p> +<p class = "indent">Vppon the wanne see, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1870]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +where all drown, save one.</span> +<p>And there they drenchid euery man<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>Saue one knave, that to lond cam<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">And woo be-gone is he. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1770" id = "line1770">1770</a></span></p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +DESONELL IS NEAR CHILD-BEARING.</span></p> + + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza153" id = "stanza153">(153)</a></h5> + +<p>The child, to lond that god sent,</p> +<p>In Portyngale he is lent,</p> +<p class = "indent">In a riche town<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>That hat<i>h</i> hight be her day,</p> +<p>And euer shall̴, as I you say, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1775" id = "line1775">1775</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">The town<sup>)</sup> of Peron<sup>)</sup>.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +He takes the news to the King of Portugal,</span> +<p>By-fore the kyng he hym sett, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1880]</span></p> +<p>‘Full̴ well̴ thy men<sup>)</sup>, lord, the grett,</p> +<p class = "indent">And in the see <i>did</i> they drown.’</p> +<p>Desonell̴ said: ‘Where is Torent?’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1780" id = "line1780">1780</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and tells Desonell that Torrent is in Norway.</span> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 105<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>‘In Norway, lady, verament.’</p> +<p class = "indent">On sownyng fell̴ she down<sup>)</sup>.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1774. <i>hatt</i> (!) MS.</p> + +<p>1778. <i>the</i>] <i>they</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1779. <i>did</i>] <i>are</i> MS.<br /> +<i>drowned</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza154" id = "stanza154">(154)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +She swoons, and folk see she is big with child.</span> +<p>As she sownyd, this lady myld,</p> +<p>Men myȝt se tokenyng of her child,</p> +<p class = "indent">Steryng on<sup>)</sup> her right syde. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1785" id = "line1785">1785</a></span></p> +<p>Gret Ruth it was to tell̴,</p> +<p>How her maydens on<sup>)</sup> her fell̴, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1890]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">Her to Couer and to hide.</p> +<p>Tho the kyng said: ‘My dought<i>er</i>, do way!</p> +<p>By god, thy myrth is gone for aye, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1790" id = "line1790">1790</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Spousage wyll̴ thou none <i>bi</i>de!</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page63" id = "page63">63</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Portugal declares he’ll send Desonell and her Bastard to +sea.</span> +<p>There fore thou shalt in to the see</p> +<p>And that Bastard with-in the,</p> +<p class = "indent">To lerne you ffor to ride.’</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +1791. <i>bide</i>] <i>lede</i> MS.</p> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +DESONELL BEARS TWINS TO TORRENT.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza155" id = "stanza155" href = "#notes_stz155"> +(155)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +His Earls</span> +<p>Erlis and Barons, that were good, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1795" id = "line1795">1795</a></span></p> +<p>By-fore the kyng knelid and stode</p> +<p class = "indent">For that lady free. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1900]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and the Queen</span> +<p>The quene, her moder, on knees fell̴,</p> +<p>‘For I<i>es</i>u is love, that harood hell̴,</p> +<p class = "indent">Lord, haue mercy on<sup>)</sup> me! +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1800" id = "line1800">1800</a></span></p> +<p>That ylke dede, that she hath done,</p> +<p>It was with an Erlis sonne,</p> +<p class = "indent">Riche man<sup>)</sup> i-nough is he;</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +pray for mercy for Desonell.</span> +<p>And yf ye wyll̴ not let her lyve,</p> +<p>Right of lond ye her yeve, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1805" id = "line1805">1805</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Till̴ she delyu<i>er</i>d be!’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza156" id = "stanza156">(156)</a></h5> + +<p>Thus the lady dwellith there, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1910]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +She is delivered of 2 male children</span> +<p>Tyll that she delyu<i>er</i>d were</p> +<p class = "indent">Of men<sup>)</sup> children<sup>)</sup> two;</p> +<p>In all poyntes they were gent, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1810" id = "line1810">1810</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +like Torrent.</span> +<p>And like they were to s<i>ir</i> Torent;</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 106<i>a</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">For his love they sufferid woo.</p> +<p>The kyng said: ‘So mut I thee,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Her Father says she shall be sent out to sea.</span> +<p>Thou shalte in-to the see</p> +<p class = "indent">With oute wordys moo. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1815" id = "line1815">1815</a></span></p> +<p>Euery kyngis dought<i>er</i> ffer and nere,</p> +<p>At the shall̴ they lere, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1920]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">Ayen<sup>)</sup> the law to do.’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1807. <i>Thus the</i>] so <a href = "#fragVII">F. VII</a>; +<i>This</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1808. <i>Tyll</i>] so <a href = "#fragVII">F. VII</a>; om. MS.</p> + +<p>1810. <i>all</i>] so <a href = "#fragVII">F. VII</a>; om. MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza157" id = "stanza157">(157)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +She is led from his land.</span> +<p>Gret ruth it was to se,</p> +<p>Whan they led that lady ffree +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1820" id = "line1820">1820</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Oute of her faders lond.</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page64" id = "page64">64</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Queen bewails her daughter’s fate.</span> +<p>The quene wexid tho nere wood</p> +<p>For her doughter, that gentill̴ ffode,</p> +<p class = "indent">And knyghtis stode wepand;</p> +<p>A cloth of silke gan they ta +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1825" id = "line1825">1825</a></span></p> +<p>And p<i>ar</i>tyd it be-twene hem twa,</p> +<p class = "indent">Therin they were wonde.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Desonell is sent to sea.</span> +<p>Whan<sup>)</sup> they had shypped that lady y<i>i</i>ng, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1930]</span></p> +<p>An hunderid fell̴ in sownyng</p> +<p class = "indent">At Peron<sup>)</sup> on<sup>)</sup> the sond. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1830" id = "line1830">1830</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1827. so <a href = "#fragVII">F. VII</a>; om. MS.</p> + +<p>1828. <i>had sh.</i>] so <a href = "#fragVII">F. VII</a>; +<i>clepud</i> MS.<br /> +<i>yeng</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +DESONELL IS SENT OUT TO SEA. SHE REACHES LAND.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza158" id = "stanza158">(158)</a></h5> + +<p>Whan that lady was downe fall,</p> +<p>On Iesu Cryste dyd she call;</p> +<p class = "indent">Down<sup>)</sup> knelid that lady cle<i>n</i>e:</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +She prays to Christ for her children.</span> +<p>‘Rightfull god, ye me sende</p> +<p>Some good londe, on to lende, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1835" id = "line1835">1835</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">That my chyldren may crystonyd bene!’</p> +<p>She said, ‘Knyghtis and ladyes gent,</p> +<p>Grete well̴ my lord, s<i>ir</i> Torrent,</p> +<p class = "indent">Yeff ye hym<sup>)</sup> euer sene!’</p> +<p>The wynd Rose ayen<sup>)</sup> the nyght, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1840" id = "line1840">1840</a></span></p> +<p>Fro lond it blew that lady bryght +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1941]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">Vppon the see so grene.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1831 f.] so <a href = "#fragVII">F. VII</a>; om. MS.</p> + +<p>1833. <i>clene</i>] <i>clere</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1834 f.] so <a href = "#fragVII">F. VII</a>;</p> +<div class = "verse"> +<p><i>Iesu Cryste, that com vp here</i></p> +<p><i>On this strond, as I wenyd</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p>1836. <i>my ch.</i>] so <a href = "#fragVII">F. VII</a>; <i>we</i> +MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza159" id = "stanza159" href = "#notes_stz159"> +(159)</a></h5> + +<p>Wyndes and weders haue her drevyn<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>Þat in a f<i>o</i>rest she is revyn<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">There wyld beestis were; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1845" id = "line1845">1845</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +She and they reach land.</span> +<p>The see was eb, and went her ffroo,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 106<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>And lefte her and her children<sup>)</sup> two</p> +<p class = "indent">Alone with-oute ffere.</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page65" id = "page65">65</a></span> +<p>Her one child woke and be-gan<sup>)</sup> to wepe,</p> +<p>The lady a-woke oute of her slepe +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1850" id = "line1850">1850</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Desonell stills her crying child,</span> +<p class = "indent">And said: ‘Be still̴, my dere, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1951]</span></p> +<p>I<i>es</i>u Cryst hath sent vs lond;</p> +<p>Yf there be any cryston man<sup>)</sup> nere hond,</p> +<p class = "indent">We shall̴ haue som socoure here.’</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +1844. <i>forest</i>] so <a href = "#fragVII">F. VII</a>; <i>ftrest</i> +MS.<br /> +<i>she is</i>] so <a href = "#fragVII">F. VII</a>; <i>be they</i> +MS.</p> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +A GRIFFIN CARRIES OFF ONE OF DESONELL’S BOYS.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza160" id = "stanza160">(160)</a></h5> + +<p>The carefull̴ lady was full̴ blith, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1855" id = "line1855">1855</a></span></p> +<p>Vp to lond she went swith,</p> +<p class = "indent">As fast as euer she myght.</p> +<p>Tho the day be-gan<sup>)</sup> to spryng,</p> +<p>Foules a-Rose and mery gan syng</p> +<p class = "indent">Delicious notys on<sup>)</sup> hight. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1860" id = "line1860">1860</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +goes up a mountain,</span> +<p>To a mowntayn went that lady ffree: +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1961]</span></p> +<p>Sone was she warr<sup>)</sup> of a Cite</p> +<p class = "indent">With towrus ffeyre and bryght.</p> +<p>There fore, i-wys, she was full̴ fayn<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>She sett her down<sup>)</sup>, as I herd sayn<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1865" id = "line1865">1865</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Her two children<sup>)</sup> ffor to dight.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza161" id = "stanza161">(161)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +and finds an Arbour there.</span> +<p>Vppon<sup>)</sup> the low the lady ffound</p> +<p>An Erber wrought w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> mann<i>us</i> hond,</p> +<p class = "indent">With herbis, that were good.</p> +<p>A Grype was in<sup>)</sup> the mowntayn<sup>)</sup> wonne, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1870" id = "line1870">1870</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +A Griffin carries off one of her boys.</span> +<p>A way he bare her yong son<sup>)</sup> +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1971]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">Ou<i>er</i> a water fflood,</p> +<p>Over in to a wyldernes,</p> +<p>There seynt Antony ermet w<i>e</i>s,</p> +<p class = "indent">There as his chapell̴ stode. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1875" id = "line1875">1875</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +She puts the other down,</span> +<p>The other child down<sup>)</sup> gan<sup>)</sup> she ly,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 107<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>And on the ffoule did shoute & crye,</p> +<p class = "indent">That she was nere hond wood.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1874. <i>was</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1876. <i>ly</i>] <i>lay</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page66" id = "page66">66</a></span> +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +A LEOPARD CARRIES OFF DESONELL’S 2ND BOY.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza162" id = "stanza162">(162)</a></h5> + +<p>Vp she rose ageyn<sup>)</sup> the rougħ,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and sorrows.</span> +<p>With sorofull̴ hert and care Inougħ, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1880" id = "line1880">1880</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Carefull̴ of blood and bone<span class = "dots"> . . +. . . . .</span> +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1981]</span></p> +<p>She sye, it myght no better be,</p> +<p>She knelid down<sup>)</sup> vppon<sup>)</sup> her kne,</p> +<p class = "indent">And thankid god and seynt Iohn<sup>)</sup>.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza163" id = "stanza163">(163)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +A leopard takes her other boy away.</span> +<p>There come a libard vppon<sup>)</sup> his pray, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1885" id = "line1885">1885</a></span></p> +<p>And her other child bare away,</p> +<p class = "indent">She thankid god there</p> +<p>And his moder Mary bryght.</p> +<p>This lady is lefte alone ryght:</p> +<p class = "indent">The sorow she made there<span class = "dots"> . . . +. .</span> +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1890" id = "line1890">1890</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza164" id = "stanza164">(164)</a></h5> + +<p>That she myght no further ffare: +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[1991]</span></p> +<p>‘Of one poynt,’ <i>she sayd</i>, ‘is my care,</p> +<p class = "indent">As I do now vnderstond,</p> +<p>So my children<sup>)</sup> crystenyd were,</p> +<p>Though they be with beest<i>es</i> there, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1895" id = "line1895">1895</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Theyre liffe is in godd<i>us</i> hond.’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Jerusalem sees the leopard and child.</span> +<p>The kyng of Ierusalem<sup>)</sup> had bene</p> +<p>At his brothers weddyng, I wene,</p> +<p class = "indent">That was lord of all̴ that lond.</p> +<p>As he com homward on his way, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1900" id = "line1900">1900</a></span></p> +<p>He saw where the liberd lay +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2001]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">With a child pleyand.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +1892. <i>she s.</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza165" id = "stanza165">(165)</a></h5> + +<p>Torrent had yeve <i>her</i> ring<i>es</i> two,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Each child has one of Torrent’s rings.</span> +<p>And euery child had one of tho,</p> +<p class = "indent">Hym<sup>)</sup> with all̴ to saue. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1905" id = "line1905">1905</a></span></p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page67" id = "page67">67</a></span> +<p>The kyng said: ‘Be Mary myld,</p> +<p>Yonder is a liberd w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> a child,</p> +<p class = "indent">A mayden<sup>)</sup> or a knave.’</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 107<i>b</i>.</span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King’s men</span> +<p>Tho men<sup>)</sup> of armes theder went,</p> +<p>Anon<sup>)</sup> they had theyre hors spent, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1910" id = "line1910">1910</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Her guttys oute she Rave. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2011]</span></p> +<p>For no stroke wold she stynt;</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +kill the Leopard,</span> +<p>Till̴ they her slew w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> speris dynt,</p> +<p class = "indent">The child myght they not haue.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +1903. <i>her</i>] <i>his lady</i> MS.</p> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +HE (LEOBERTUS) IS ADOPTED BY THE KING OF JERUSALEM.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza166" id = "stanza166">(166)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +and take the Child to the King,</span> +<p>Vp they toke the child y<i>i</i>ng +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1915" id = "line1915">1915</a></span></p> +<p>And brought it be-ffore the kyng</p> +<p class = "indent">And vndid the swathing band,</p> +<p>As his moder be-ffore had done,</p> +<p>A gold ryng they ffound sone,</p> +<p class = "indent">Was closud in his hond. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1920" id = "line1920">1920</a></span></p> +<p>Tho said the kyng of Ierusalem<sup>)</sup>: +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2021]</span></p> +<p>‘This child is come of gentill̴ teme,</p> +<p class = "indent">Where euer this beest hym<sup>)</sup> ffond.</p> +<p>The boke of Rome berith wytnes,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +who christens him ‘Leobertus,’</span> +<p>The kyng hym<sup>)</sup> namyd Leobertus, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1925" id = "line1925">1925</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">That was hent in hethyn<sup>)</sup> lond.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1915. <i>yong</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1923. <i>ffound</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza167" id = "stanza167">(167)</a></h5> + +<p>Two squiers to the town<sup>)</sup> gan<sup>)</sup> flyng,</p> +<p>And a noryse to the child did bryng,</p> +<p class = "indent">Hym<sup>)</sup> to kepe ffrome gr<i>e</i>me.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and takes him to Jerusalem.</span> +<p>He led it in<sup>)</sup> to his own<sup>)</sup> lond +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1930" id = "line1930">1930</a></span></p> +<p>And told the quene, how he it ffond +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2031]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">By a water streme.</p> +<p>Whan<sup>)</sup> the lady saw the ryng,</p> +<p>She said, with-oute lettyng:</p> +<p class = "indent">‘This child is com<sup>)</sup> of gentill̴ teme: +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1935" id = "line1935">1935</a></span></p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page68" id = "page68">68</a></span> +<p>Thou hast none heyre, thy lond to take,</p> +<p>For I<i>es</i>u love thou <i>sh</i>oldist hym<sup>)</sup> make</p> +<p class = "indent">Prynce of Ierusalem<sup>)</sup>.’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1929. <i>grame</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1937. <i>woldist</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +ST. ANTONY GETS THE FIRST BOY FROM THE GRIFFIN.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza168" id = "stanza168">(168)</a></h5> + +<p>Now, in boke as we rede,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +St. Anthony</span> +<p>As seynt Antony aboute yede, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1940" id = "line1940">1940</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Byddyng his orysoun<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2041]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 108<i>a</i>.</span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +sees the Griffin</span> +<p>Of the gripe he had a sight,</p> +<p>How she flew in a fflight,</p> +<p class = "indent">To her birdus was she boun<sup>)</sup>.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and Desonell’s first boy,</span> +<p>Be-twene her clawes she bare a child: +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1945" id = "line1945">1945</a></span></p> +<p>He prayed to god and Mary myld,</p> +<p class = "indent">On lyve to send it down<sup>)</sup>.</p> +<p>That man was well̴ with god all̴-myȝt<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +whom the bird lays at his feet.</span> +<p>At his fote gan<sup>)</sup> she light,</p> +<p class = "indent">That foule of gret renown<sup>)</sup>. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1950" id = "line1950">1950</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza169" id = "stanza169" href = "#notes_stz169"> +(169)</a></h5> + +<p>Vp he toke the child th<i>e</i>re, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2051]</span></p> +<p>To his auter he did it bere,</p> +<p class = "indent">There his chapell̴ stode.</p> +<p>A knave child there he ffond,</p> +<p>There was closud in his hond +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1955" id = "line1955">1955</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">A gold ryng riche and good.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +St. Antony takes the boy to his Father, the King of Greece.</span> +<p>He bare it to the Cite grett,</p> +<p>There the kyng his fader <i>s</i>ett</p> +<p class = "indent">As a lord of jentill̴ blood,</p> +<p>For he wold saue it ffro dede; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1960" id = "line1960">1960</a></span></p> +<p>A grype flew a-bove his hede +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2061]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">And cryed, as he were wood.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>1951. <i>thare</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1954. <i>ffound</i> MS.</p> + +<p>1958. <i>sett</i>] <i>lett</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza170" id = "stanza170">(170)</a></h5> + +<p>This holy man<sup>)</sup> hied hym<sup>)</sup> tyte</p> +<p>To a Cite w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> touris white,</p> +<p class = "indent">As fast as he may. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1965" id = "line1965">1965</a></span></p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page69" id = "page69">69</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King sees</span> +<p>The kyng at the yate stode</p> +<p>And other knyght<i>es</i> and lordys good</p> +<p class = "indent">To se the squiers play.</p> +<p>The kyng said: ‘Be Mary myld,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +his son Antony,</span> +<p>Yonder comyth Antony, my child, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1970" id = "line1970">1970</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">With a gryffon<sup>)</sup> gay. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2071]</span></p> +<p>Som<sup>)</sup> of his byrdus take hath he,</p> +<p>And bryngith hem<sup>)</sup> heder to me!’</p> +<p class = "indent">Gret ferly had thaye.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +HE (ANTONY FITZ-GRIFFIN) IS ADOPTED BY THE KING OF GREECE.</span></p> + + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza171" id = "stanza171" href = "#notes_stz171"> +(171)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 108<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>The kyng there of toke good hede, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1975" id = "line1975">1975</a></span></p> +<p>And a-geyn<sup>)</sup> his sonne he yede</p> +<p class = "indent">And said: ‘Welcom<sup>)</sup> ye be!’</p> +<p>‘Fader,’ he said, ‘god you saue!</p> +<p>A knave child ffound I haue,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +who asks him to adopt Desonell’s boy as</span> +<p class = "indent">Loke, that it be dere to the! +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1980" id = "line1980">1980</a></span></p> +<p>Frome a greffon<sup>)</sup> he was refte, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2081]</span></p> +<p>Of what lond that he is lefte,</p> +<p class = "indent">Of gentill̴ blood was he:</p> +<p>Thou hast none heyre, thy lond to take,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +his heir.</span> +<p>For I<i>es</i>u love thy sonne hym<sup>)</sup> make, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1985" id = "line1985">1985</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">As in the stede of me!’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza172" id = "stanza172" href = "#notes_stz172"> +(172)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Greece agrees,</span> +<p>The kyng said: ‘Yf I may lyve,</p> +<p>Helpe and hold I shall̴ hym yeve</p> +<p class = "indent">And receyve hym as my son<sup>)</sup>.</p> +<p>Sith thou hast this lond forsake, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1990" id = "line1990">1990</a></span></p> +<p>My riche londys I shall̴ hym<sup>)</sup> take, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2091]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">Whan he kepe them<sup>)</sup> +c<i>o</i>n<sup>)</sup>.’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and has the Boy baptized.</span> +<p>To a ffont they hym yaue,</p> +<p>And crystonyd this yong knave;</p> +<p class = "indent">Fro care he is wonne. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line1995" id = "line1995">1995</a></span></p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page70" id = "page70">70</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Boy is christend Antony Fitzgriffin.</span> +<p>The holy man yaue hym<sup>)</sup> name,</p> +<p>That I<i>es</i>u shild hym<sup>)</sup> ffrome shame:</p> +<p class = "indent">Antony fice greffoun<sup>)</sup>.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +1992. <i>can</i> MS.</p> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +DESONELL BEWAILS HER LOST CHILDREN.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza173" id = "stanza173" href = "#notes_stz173"> +(173)</a></h5> + +<p>‘Fader, than<sup>)</sup> haue thou this ryng,</p> +<p>I ffound it on<sup>)</sup> this swete thing, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2000" id = "line2000">2000</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Kepe it, yf thou may: +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2101]</span></p> +<p>It is good in euery <i>f</i>ight,</p> +<p>Yf god yeve grace, that he be knyght,</p> +<p class = "indent">Be nyght <i>and</i> be day.’</p> +<p>Let we now this children<sup>)</sup> dwell̴, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2005" id = "line2005">2005</a></span></p> +<p>And speke we more of Desonell̴:</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Desonell laments,</span> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 109<i>a</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">Her song was welaway.</p> +<p>God, that died vppon<sup>)</sup> the Rode,</p> +<p>Yff grace, that she mete w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> good!</p> +<p class = "indent">Thus dispar<i>p</i>lid are thay. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2010" id = "line2010">2010</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>2002. <i>fight</i>] <i>sight</i> MS.?</p> + +<p>2004. <i>Other be</i> MS.<br /> +<i>and</i>] <i>or forme of</i> (!) MS.</p> + +<p>2010. <i>disparlid</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza174" id = "stanza174">(174)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +wanders among wild beasts,</span> +<p>This lady walkyd all̴ alone +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2111]</span></p> +<p>Amonge wyld bestis meny one,</p> +<p class = "indent">Ne wanted she no Woo;</p> +<p>Anon<sup>)</sup> the day be-gan to spryng,</p> +<p>And the ffoules gan to syng, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2015" id = "line2015">2015</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">With blis on euery bowȝe<span class = "dots"> . . . +. . . .</span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza175" id = "stanza175" href = "#notes_stz175"> +(175)</a></h5> + +<p>‘Byrdus and bestis, aye woo ye be!</p> +<p>Alone ye haue lefte me,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and bewails her lost children.</span> +<p class = "indent">My children<sup>)</sup> ye <i>have</i> +slo<i>ne</i>.’</p> +<p>As she walkid than<sup>)</sup> a-lone, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2020" id = "line2020">2020</a></span></p> +<p>She sye lordis on<sup>)</sup> huntyng gone, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2121]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">Nere hem<sup>)</sup> she yede full̴ sone.</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page71" id = "page71">71</a></span> +<p>This carfull̴ lady cried faste,</p> +<p>Than she herd this hornes blaste</p> +<p class = "indent">By the yatis gone, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2025" id = "line2025">2025</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Desonell flees from some hunters</span> +<p>But <i>ran</i> in to a wildernes,</p> +<p>Amongist beests that wyld w<i>e</i>s,</p> +<p class = "indent">For drede, she shold be slone.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>2018. <i>haue</i>] <i>a</i> corrected out of <i>e</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2019. <i>have sl.</i>] <i>slough</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2026. <i>ran</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<p>2027. <i>was</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +DESONELL FLEES TO THE LAND OF NAZARETH.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza176" id = "stanza176">(176)</a></h5> + +<p>Till̴ it were vnder of the Day,</p> +<p>She went <i>fro</i> that wilsom<sup>)</sup> way, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2030" id = "line2030">2030</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">In to a lond playn<sup>)</sup>. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2131]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +into the land of Nazareth.</span> +<p>The kyng of Naȝareth huntid there,</p> +<p>Among the hert<i>es</i>, that gentill̴ were;</p> +<p class = "indent">There of she was full̴ ffayn<sup>)</sup><span class += "dots"> . . . . . . . . .</span></p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +2030. <i>fro</i>] <i>in</i> MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza177" id = "stanza177">(177)</a></h5> + +<p>They had ferly, kyng and knyght, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2035" id = "line2035">2035</a></span></p> +<p>Whens she come, that lady bryght,</p> +<p class = "indent">Dwelli<i>n</i>g here a-lone.</p> +<p>She said to a squier, that there stode:</p> +<p>‘Who is lord of most jentill̴ blood?’</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 109<i>b</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">And he answerid her anon<sup>)</sup>: +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2040" id = "line2040">2040</a></span></p> +<p>‘This ys the lond of Naȝareth, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2141]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +She sees the King,</span> +<p>Se, where the kyng gethe,</p> +<p class = "indent">Of speche he is ffull̴ bone;</p> +<p>All̴ in gold couerid is he.’</p> +<p>‘Gramercy, s<i>ir</i>,’ said she, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2045" id = "line2045">2045</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">And nere hym<sup>)</sup> gan<sup>)</sup> she +gone.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza178" id = "stanza178" href = "#notes_stz178"> +(178)</a></h5> + +<p>Lordys anon ageyn<sup>)</sup> her yode,</p> +<p>For she was com<sup>)</sup> of gentill̴ blood,</p> +<p class = "indent">In her lond had they bene:</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +whose Lords greet her.</span> +<p>‘God loke the, lady ffree, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2050" id = "line2050">2050</a></span></p> +<p>What makist thou in this contre?’ +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2151]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">‘Sir,’ she said, ‘I wene,</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page72" id = "page72">72</a></span> +<p>Seynt Katryn<sup>)</sup> I shold haue sought,</p> +<p>Wekyd weders me heder hath brought</p> +<p class = "indent">In to this fforest grene, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2055" id = "line2055">2055</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Desonell says that her boys are dead, and she is left alone.</span> +<p>And all̴ is dede, I vnderstond,</p> +<p>Saue my selfe, that com<sup>)</sup> to lond</p> +<p class = "indent">With wyld beestis and kene.’</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +DESONELL IS WELCOMD BY THE QUEEN OF NAZARETH.</span></p> + + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza179" id = "stanza179">(179)</a></h5> + +<p>‘Welcom,’ he said,’ Desonell̴,</p> +<p>By a tokyn<sup>)</sup> I shall̴ the tell̴: +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2060" id = "line2060">2060</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Onys a stede I the sent. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2161]</span></p> +<p>Lady gent, ffeyre and ffree,</p> +<p>To the shold I haue wedid be,</p> +<p class = "indent">My love was on<sup>)</sup> the lent.’</p> +<p>Knyghtis and squiers, that there were, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2065" id = "line2065">2065</a></span></p> +<p>They horsid the lady there,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +She is taken to Nazareth,</span> +<p class = "indent">And to the Cite they went.</p> +<p>The quene was curtes of that lond</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and welcomd by the Queen,</span> +<p>And toke the lady be the hond</p> +<p class = "indent">And said: ‘Welcom, my lady gent! +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2070" id = "line2070">2070</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza180" id = "stanza180" href = "#notes_stz180"> +(180)</a></h5> + +<p>‘Lady, thou art welcom<sup>)</sup> here, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2171]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 110<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>As it all̴ thyn<sup>)</sup> own<sup>)</sup> were,</p> +<p class = "indent">All̴ this ffeyre contree!’</p> +<p>‘Of one poynt was my care,</p> +<p>And my two children<sup>)</sup> crystonyd ware, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2075" id = "line2075">2075</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">That in wood were reft ffro me.’</p> +<p><ins class = "correction" title = "open quote invisible">‘Welcom</ins> +art thou, Desonell̴,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +with whom she stays.</span> +<p>In my chamber for to dwell̴,</p> +<p class = "indent">Inough there in shall̴ ye see!’</p> +<p>Leve we now that lady gent, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2080" id = "line2080">2080</a></span></p> +<p>And speke we of s<i>ir</i> Torrent, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2181]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">That was gentill̴ and ffre.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +2076. <i>in</i>] <i>the</i> add. MS.</p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page73" id = "page73">73</a></span> +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT HEARS OF THE EXILE OF DESONELL AND HER BOYS.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza181" id = "stanza181">(181)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +Sir Torrent won’t stop in Norway,</span> +<p>The kyng of Norway is full̴ woo,</p> +<p>That s<i>ir</i> Torent wold wend hym ffro,</p> +<p class = "indent">That doughty was and bold: +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2085" id = "line2085">2085</a></span></p> +<p>‘Sir,’ he said, ‘abyde here</p> +<p>And wed my dought<i>er</i>, that is me dere!’</p> +<p class = "indent">He said, in no wise he wold.</p> +<p>He shipped oute of the kyng<i>es</i> sale</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +but goes back to Portugal.</span> +<p>And Ryved vp in<sup>)</sup> Portingale +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2090" id = "line2090">2090</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">At another hold. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2191]</span></p> +<p>Whan<sup>)</sup> he herd tell̴ of Desonell̴,</p> +<p>Swith on sownyng there he fell̴</p> +<p class = "indent">To the ground so cold.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza182" id = "stanza182">(182)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +The false King Calamond of Portugal</span> +<p>The fals kyng of Portingale, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2095" id = "line2095">2095</a></span></p> +<p>Sparid the yatis of his sale</p> +<p class = "indent">For Torent the ffree;</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +tells him that Desonell and her 2 Boys were sent out to sea.</span> +<p>He said: ‘Be Mary clere,</p> +<p>Thou shalt no wyfe haue here,</p> +<p class = "indent">Go sech her in<sup>)</sup> the see! +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2100" id = "line2100">2100</a></span></p> +<p>With her she toke whelpis two, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2201]</span></p> +<p>To lerne to row wold she go.’</p> +<p class = "indent">‘By god, thou liest,’ quod he,</p> +<p>‘Kyng Colomand, here my hond!</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 110<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>And I be knyght levand, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2105" id = "line2105">2105</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">I-quytt shall̴ it be!’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza183" id = "stanza183">(183)</a></h5> + +<p>Torent wold no lenger byde,</p> +<p>But sent letters on euery side</p> +<p class = "indent">With fforce theder to hye.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent gathers an army.</span> +<p>Theder com oute of Aragon<sup>)</sup> +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2110" id = "line2110">2110</a></span></p> +<p>Noble knyght<i>es</i> of gret renown<sup>)</sup> +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2211]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">With grett chevalrye.</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page74" id = "page74">74</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent’s knights</span> +<p>Of P<i>er</i>vyns and Ca<i>l</i>aber also</p> +<p>Were doughty knyght<i>es</i> meny moo,</p> +<p class = "indent">They come all̴ to that crye. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2115" id = "line2115">2115</a></span></p> +<p>Kyng Calomond had no knyght,</p> +<p>That with s<i>ir</i> Torent wold fyght,</p> +<p class = "indent">Of all̴ that satt hym<sup>)</sup> bye.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +2113. <i>Calaber</i>] <i>Cababer</i> (!) MS.</p> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT SENDS THE KING OF PORTUGAL TO DROWN.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza184" id = "stanza184" href = "#notes_stz184"> +(184)</a></h5> + +<p>There wold none the yatis deffend,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and he are let into the chief City of Portugal,</span> +<p>But lett s<i>ir</i> Torent in wend +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2120" id = "line2120">2120</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">With his men<sup>)</sup> euerychone. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2221]</span></p> +<p>Swith a counsell̴ yede they to,</p> +<p><i>To</i> what deth they wold hym do,</p> +<p class = "indent">For he his lady had slone.</p> +<p>‘Lordis,’ he said, ‘he is a kyng, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2125" id = "line2125">2125</a></span></p> +<p>Men may hym<sup>)</sup> nether hede ne h<i>i</i>ng.’</p> +<p class = "indent">Thus said they euerychone.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and resolve to send the false King to sea</span> +<p>They ordenyd a shipp all̴ of tree</p> +<p>And sett hym<sup>)</sup> oute in<sup>)</sup> to the see,</p> +<p class = "indent">Among the wawes to gone. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2130" id = "line2130">2130</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>2123. <i>To</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<p>2126. <i>hing</i>] <i>heng</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza185" id = "stanza185" href = "#notes_stz185"> +(185)</a></h5> + +<p>Gret lordis of that lond +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2231]</span></p> +<p>Assentid to that <ins class = "correction" title = +"text unchanged: error for ‘com{m}and’?">com<i>n</i>and</ins>,</p> +<p class = "indent">That hold shold it be.</p> +<p>In the havyn<sup>)</sup> of Portyngale,</p> +<p>There stode shippes of hede vale +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2135" id = "line2135">2135</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 111<i>a</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">Of Irun and of tree.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +in a boat full of holes.</span> +<p>A bote of tre they brought hym be-fforn<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>Full̴ of holis it was born<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">Howsell̴ and shryfte <i>wold</i> he.</p> +<p>Sir Torent said: ‘Be seynt Iohn<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2140" id = "line2140">2140</a></span></p> +<p>Seth thou gaue my lady none, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2241]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">No more men<sup>)</sup> shall̴ do the!’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>2132. <i>comland</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2138. <i>boryn</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2139. <i>wold</i>] <i>had</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page75" id = "page75">75</a></span> +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT IS MADE KING OF PORTUGAL.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza186" id = "stanza186" href = "#notes_stz186"> +(186)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +The false king Calamond is drownd,</span> +<p>The shipp-men<sup>)</sup> brought s<i>ir</i> Colomond</p> +<p>And sent hym fforth within<sup>)</sup> a stound</p> +<p class = "indent">As ffar as it were. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2145" id = "line2145">2145</a></span></p> +<p>Wott ye well̴ and vnderstond,</p> +<p>He come never ayen to lond,</p> +<p class = "indent">Such stormes ffound he there.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and Torrent is made King of Portugal,</span> +<p>Gret lordys of renown<sup>)</sup></p> +<p>Be-toke s<i>ir</i> Torent the crown<sup>)</sup> +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2150" id = "line2150">2150</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">To reioyse it there. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2251]</span></p> +<p>Loo, lordys of euery lond:</p> +<p>Falshode wyll̴ haue a foule end,</p> +<p class = "indent">And wyll̴ haue euermore.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza187" id = "stanza187" href = "#notes_stz187"> +(187)</a></h5> + +<p>Sir Torent dwellid thare +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2155" id = "line2155">2155</a></span></p> +<p>Fourty days in moche care,</p> +<p class = "indent">Season<sup>)</sup> for to hold;</p> +<p>Sith he takith two knyght<i>es</i>,</p> +<p>To kepe his lond and his right<i>es</i>,</p> +<p class = "indent">That doughty were and bold. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2160" id = "line2160">2160</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +but he gives the land up to the Queen,</span> +<p>‘Madam<sup>)</sup>,’ he said to the quene, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2261]</span></p> +<p>‘Here than shall̴ ye lady bene,</p> +<p class = "indent">To worth as ye wold.’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and resolves to go to the Holy-Land.</span> +<p>He purveyd hym<sup>)</sup> anon<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>To wend ouer the see fome, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2165" id = "line2165">2165</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">There god was bought and sold.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +2161. <i>He said madam</i> MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza188" id = "stanza188" href = "#notes_stz188"> +(188)</a></h5> + +<p>And ye now will̴ liston<sup>)</sup> a stound,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 111<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>How he toke armes of kyng Calomond,</p> +<p class = "indent">Listonyth, what he bare.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +His arms are 3 silver ships on an azure field.</span> +<p>O<i>n</i> asure, as ye may see, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2170" id = "line2170">2170</a></span></p> +<p>With sylu<i>er</i> shippes thre, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2271]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">Who so had be thare.</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page76" id = "page76">76</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +For love of Desonell,</span> +<p>For Desonell̴ is love so bryght,</p> +<p>His londis he takyth to a knyght,</p> +<p class = "indent">And sith he is <i>boun</i> to fare. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2175" id = "line2175">2175</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent leaves Portugal.</span> +<p>‘Portyngale, haue good day</p> +<p>For Sevyn<sup>)</sup> yere, p<i>ar</i>maffay,</p> +<p class = "indent">P<i>ar</i> aventure som<sup>)</sup> dele +m<i>a</i>re!’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>2170. This line begins with a big initial letter.<br /> +<i>Off</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2175. <i>boun</i>] <i>home</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2178. <i>more</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT TAKES THE CITY OF QUARELL.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza189" id = "stanza189" href = "#notes_stz189"> +(189)</a></h5> + +<p>Sir Torent passid the Grekys flood</p> +<p>In to a lond both riche and good, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2180" id = "line2180">2180</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Full̴ evyn<sup>)</sup> he toke the way +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2281]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +He besieges the City of Quarell</span> +<p>To the <i>cite</i> of Quarell̴,</p> +<p>As the boke of Rome doth tell̴,</p> +<p class = "indent">There a soudan<sup>)</sup> lay.</p> +<p>There he smote and set adown<sup>)</sup> +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2185" id = "line2185">2185</a></span></p> +<p>And yaue asaute in to the town,</p> +<p class = "indent">That w<i>i</i>ll̴ the storye say.</p> +<p>So well̴ they vetelid were,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +for 2 years, and then takes it.</span> +<p>That he lay there two yere,</p> +<p class = "indent">Sith in<sup>)</sup> the town<sup>)</sup> went they. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2190" id = "line2190">2190</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>2182. <i>cite</i>] <i>see</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2187. <i>well</i> MS.<br /> +<i>says</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2190. <i>And sith in to</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza190" id = "stanza190">(190)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +He has its inhabitants kild,</span> +<p>And tho s<i>ir</i> Torent ffound on<sup>)</sup> lyve, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2291]</span></p> +<p>He comaundid with spere and knyffe</p> +<p class = "indent">Smertely dede to be;</p> +<p>He said: ‘We haue be here</p> +<p>Moche of this two yere +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2195" id = "line2195">2195</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">And onward on<sup>)</sup> the thr<i>e</i>.’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and shares its booty among his men.</span> +<p>All̴ the good, that s<i>ir</i> Torent wan<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>He p<i>ar</i>tid it among his m<i>a</i>n<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">Syluer, gold and ffee;</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 112<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>And sith he is boun to ride +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2200" id = "line2200">2200</a></span></p> +<p>To a Cite there be-syde, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2301]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">That was worth such thre.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>2196. <i>thrid</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2198. <i>men</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page77" id = "page77">77</a></span> +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT TAKES ANOTHER CITY, AND GOES TO ANTIOCH.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza191" id = "stanza191" href = "#notes_stz191"> +(191)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent then besieges another heathen City for 6 years.</span> +<p>There he stode and smote adown<sup>)</sup></p> +<p>And leyd sege to the town<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">Six yere there he lay. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2205" id = "line2205">2205</a></span></p> +<p>By the VI yere were all̴ done,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +All its folk die of hunger.</span> +<p>With honger they were all̴ slone,</p> +<p class = "indent">That in the Cite lay.</p> +<p><i>The</i> Soudan sent to s<i>ir</i> Torent than<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>With honger that thes people be slan, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2210" id = "line2210">2210</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">All̴ the folke of this Cite; +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2311]</span></p> +<p>‘Yf ye thinke here to lye,</p> +<p>Ye shall̴ haue wyne and spycery,</p> +<p class = "indent">I-nough is in this contre.’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>2209. <i>The</i>] <i>A</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2209-14 put before 2203-8 MS.</p> + +<p>2210. <i>slayn</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2211. <i>thes</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza192" id = "stanza192" href = "#notes_stz192"> +(192)</a></h5> + +<p>Now god do his soule mede! +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2215" id = "line2215">2215</a></span></p> +<p>On the soudan<sup>)</sup> he had a dede</p> +<p class = "indent">Vppon<sup>)</sup> euery good ffryday.</p> +<p>I<i>es</i>u sent hym strengith I-nougħ,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent kills the Sultan,</span> +<p>With dynt of sword he hym slougħ,</p> +<p class = "indent">There went none quyk away. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2220" id = "line2220">2220</a></span></p> +<p>Down knelid that knyght +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2321]</span></p> +<p>And thankid god with all̴ his myȝt<sup>)</sup>:</p> +<p class = "indent">So ought he well̴ to say.</p> +<p>The Cite, that s<i>ir</i> Torent was yn<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>Worldely goodis he left ther yn<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2225" id = "line2225">2225</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">To kepe it nyght and day.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza193" id = "stanza193" href = "#notes_stz193"> +(193)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +goes to Antioch,</span> +<p>Sith he buskyd hym<sup>)</sup> to ride</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 112<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>In to a lond there be-syde,</p> +<p class = "indent">Antioche it hight.</p> +<p>Sevyn<sup>)</sup> yere at the Cite he lay +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2230" id = "line2230">2230</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and fights every good Friday.</span> +<p>And had batell̴ euery good ffryday, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2331]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">Vppon<sup>)</sup> the Sarȝins bryght;</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page78" id = "page78">78</a></span> +<p>And be the VII yere were gone,</p> +<p>The child, that the liberd had tane,</p> +<p class = "indent">Found hym his fill̴ off ffyght<span class = "dots"> +. . . . . .</span> +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2235" id = "line2235">2235</a></span></p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +2230-32 put before 2227-29 MS.</p> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT’S SON LEOBERTUS FIGHTS AGAINST HIM.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza194" id = "stanza194" href = "#notes_stz194"> +(194)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Jerusalem</span> +<p>The kyng of Ierusalem<sup>)</sup> herd tell̴</p> +<p>Of this lord good and fell̴,</p> +<p class = "indent">How doughtyly he hym bare.</p> +<p>Vppon<sup>)</sup> his knyght<i>es</i> can he call̴,</p> +<p>‘Ordeyn<sup>)</sup> swith among you all̴, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2240" id = "line2240">2240</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">For no thing that ye spare!’ +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2341]</span></p> +<p>They buskyd hem oute of the land,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +sends 50,000 knights,</span> +<p>The nombre off ffyfty thousa<i>n</i>d,</p> +<p class = "indent">Ageyn Torent ffor to ffare<span class = "dots"> . . +. .</span></p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +2243. <i>thousaid</i> MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza195" id = "stanza195" href = "#notes_stz195"> +(195)</a></h5> + +<p>The kyng of Ierusalem said thus: +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2245" id = "line2245">2245</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and his adopted son Leobertus (Torrent’s second boy)</span> +<p>‘My dere son, Liobertus,</p> +<p class = "indent">That thou be bold and wight!</p> +<p>Thou shalt be here and defend the lond</p> +<p>From that fals trayto<i>r</i>s hond</p> +<p class = "indent">And take the ordre of a knyght.’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2250" id = "line2250">2250</a></span></p> +<p>He yaue hym armes, or he did passe: +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2351]</span></p> +<p>Right as he ffound was,</p> +<p class = "indent">O<i>n</i> gold he bare bryght</p> +<p>A liberd of asure bla</p> +<p>A child be-twene his armes twa: +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2255" id = "line2255">2255</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Woo was her, that <i>se</i> it <i>my</i>ght!</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>2246. <i>Liobertious</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2253. <i>On</i>] <i>Of</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2254. <i>blay</i> (!) MS.</p> + +<p>2255. <i>tway</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2256. <i>ffulle woo</i> MS.<br /> +<i>se it m.</i>] <i>it ought</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza196" id = "stanza196" href = "#notes_stz196"> +(196)</a></h5> + +<p>Sir Torent wold no lenger abyde,</p> +<p>But thederward gan<sup>)</sup> he ride;</p> +<p class = "indent">And to the feld were brought</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +against Torrent.</span> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 113<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>Two knyght<i>es</i>, that were there in stede; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2260" id = "line2260">2260</a></span></p> +<p>Many a man did they to blede, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2361]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">Such woundis they wrought.</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page79" id = "page79">79</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent’s son Leobertus</span> +<p>There durst no man com<sup>)</sup> Torent nere,</p> +<p>But his son, as ye may here,</p> +<p class = "indent">Though he knew hym nought. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2265" id = "line2265">2265</a></span></p> +<p>All̴ to nought he bet his shild,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +captures him.</span> +<p>But he toke his fader in the feld,</p> +<p class = "indent">Though he there of evill̴ thought.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT IS IMPRISOND IN JERUSALEM.</span></p> + + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza197" id = "stanza197" href = "#notes_stz197"> +(197)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent</span> +<p>Whan<sup>)</sup> s<i>ir</i> Torent was takyn<sup>)</sup> +than<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>His men fled than<sup>)</sup>, euery man<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2270" id = "line2270">2270</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">They durst no lenger abyde. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2371]</span></p> +<p>Gret ruth it was to be hold,</p> +<p>How his sword he did vp-hold</p> +<p class = "indent">To his son<sup>)</sup> that tyde.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +is taken to Jerusalem</span> +<p>To Ierusalem<sup>)</sup> he did hym<sup>)</sup> lede, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2275" id = "line2275">2275</a></span></p> +<p>His actone and his other wede,</p> +<p class = "indent">All̴ be the kyngis side;</p> +<p>‘Sir,’ he said, ‘haue no care,</p> +<p>Thou shalte lyve and welfare,</p> +<p class = "indent">But lower ys thy pryde!’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2280" id = "line2280">2280</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza198" id = "stanza198">(198)</a></h5> + +<p>Fro that s<i>ir</i> Torent was h<i>o</i>m brought, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2381]</span></p> +<p>Doughty men<sup>)</sup> vppon<sup>)</sup> hym<sup>)</sup> sought,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and thrust into prison,</span> +<p class = "indent">And in preson<sup>)</sup> they hym<sup>)</sup> +thro<i>ng</i>e.</p> +<p>His son above his hede lay,</p> +<p>To kepe hym<sup>)</sup> both nyȝt and day, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2285" id = "line2285">2285</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">He wist well̴, that he was strong.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +where his son Leobertus hears him lament a whole year.</span> +<p>Thus in p<i>re</i>son as he was,</p> +<p>Sore he siȝed and said alas,</p> +<p class = "indent">He couth none other songe.</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 113<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>Thus in bondys they held hym thare +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2290" id = "line2290">2290</a></span></p> +<p>A twelfmonyth and som dele mare, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2391]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">The knyght thought ffull̴ long.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>2281. <i>hom</i>] <i>hem</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2283. <i>And and</i> (!) MS.<br /> +<i>throuȝe</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page80" id = "page80">80</a></span> +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT’S SON ASKS FOR HIS FATHER’S FREEDOM.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza199" id = "stanza199" href = "#notes_stz199"> +(199)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent</span> +<p>In a mornyng as he lay,</p> +<p>To hym selfe gan<sup>)</sup> he say:</p> +<p class = "indent">‘Why lye I thus alone? +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2295" id = "line2295">2295</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +appeals to God</span> +<p>God, hast thou forsakyn<sup>)</sup> me?</p> +<p>All̴ my truste was in the,</p> +<p class = "indent">In lond where I haue gone!</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +who once enabled him to kill Dragons and Giants.</span> +<p>Thou gave me myȝt ffor to slee</p> +<p>Dragons two other thre +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2300" id = "line2300">2300</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">And giauntes meny one, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2401]</span></p> +<p>And now a man<sup>)</sup> in wekid lond</p> +<p>Hath myn<sup>)</sup> armo<i>ur</i> and stede in<sup>)</sup> hond:</p> +<p class = "indent">I wold, my liffe were done!’</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +2299. <i>flee</i> MS.!</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza200" id = "stanza200" href = "#notes_stz200"> +(200)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +His son Leobertus hears him,</span> +<p>His son herd hym<sup>)</sup> say soo +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2305" id = "line2305">2305</a></span></p> +<p>And in his hert was full̴ woo,</p> +<p class = "indent">In chamber there he lay;</p> +<p>‘Sir,’ he said, ‘I haue thy wede,</p> +<p>There shall̴ no man reioyse thy stede,</p> +<p class = "indent">Yf so be, that I may. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2310" id = "line2310">2310</a></span></p> +<p>By oure lady seynt Mary, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2411]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and promises to get him freed.</span> +<p>Here shalt thou no lenger lye,</p> +<p class = "indent">Nether be nyȝt<sup>)</sup> ne be day;</p> +<p>As I am<sup>)</sup> Curtesse and hend,</p> +<p>To the kyng I shall̴ wend, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2315" id = "line2315">2315</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">And ffor thy love <i>hym</i> pray!’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>2313. <i>Nether be day ne be nyȝt</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2316. <i>ffor thy love and pray this nyȝt</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza201" id = "stanza201">(201)</a></h5> + +<p>On<sup>)</sup> the morow whan<sup>)</sup> he Rose,</p> +<p>The prynce to the kyng gose</p> +<p class = "indent">And knelid vppon<sup>)</sup> his knee;</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 114<i>a</i>.</span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Leobertus asks the King of Jerusalem for Torrent.</span> +<p>‘Sir,’ he said, ‘ffor godd<i>us</i> sonne, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2320" id = "line2320">2320</a></span></p> +<p>The knyght, that lieth in the dungeon<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2421]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">Ye wold graunt hym<sup>)</sup> me!</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page81" id = "page81">81</a></span> +<p>I hard hym say be hym<sup>)</sup> alone,</p> +<p>Many Geaunt<i>es</i> had he slone</p> +<p class = "indent">And dragons II or thre.’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2325" id = "line2325">2325</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Jerusalem grants Torrent to his elder son,</span> +<p>The kyng said: ‘Be my ffay,</p> +<p>Be warr<sup>)</sup>, he scape not away;</p> +<p class = "indent">I vouch hym saue on the!’</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT IS FREED, AND HONOURD IN JERUSALEM.</span></p> + + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza202" id = "stanza202" href = "#notes_stz202"> +(202)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +who frees him from prison,</span> +<p>The prynce in to the p<i>re</i>son went,</p> +<p>Torent by the hond he hent +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2330" id = "line2330">2330</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Oute of his bondys cold; +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2431]</span></p> +<p>To the castell̴ he brought hym sone</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +tho’ still fettering him.</span> +<p>And light ffettouris did hym<sup>)</sup> vppon<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">For brekyng oute off hold.</p> +<p>The kyng said: ‘Be my ffaye, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2335" id = "line2335">2335</a></span></p> +<p>And he euer scape away,</p> +<p class = "indent">Full̴ dere he shall̴ be sold!’</p> +<p>‘Sir,’ he said, ‘p<i>ar</i>maffay,</p> +<p>We wyll̴ hym<sup>)</sup> kepe, and we may:</p> +<p class = "indent">There of be ye bold!’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2340" id = "line2340">2340</a></span></p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +2331. <i>And toke hym oute</i> MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza203" id = "stanza203">(203)</a></h5> + +<p>For he was curtes knyght & free, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2441]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent dines with the King,</span> +<p>At the mete sett was he</p> +<p class = "indent">By the kyng at the deyse.</p> +<p>‘Sir, thou haste i-bene</p> +<p>At Iustis and at tornement<i>es</i> kene, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2345" id = "line2345">2345</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Both in warr<sup>)</sup> and in peas:</p> +<p>Sith thy dwelling shall̴ be here,</p> +<p><i>I pray</i>, that thou woldist my son<sup>)</sup> lere,</p> +<p class = "indent">Hys Tymber ffor to asay.’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and promises to teach his son Leobertus spearcraft.</span> +<p>‘Sir,’ he said, ‘I vnderstond, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2350" id = "line2350">2350</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 114<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>Affter the maner off my lond +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2451]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">I shall̴, with outen <i>delay</i>.’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>2348. <i>I pray</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<p>2352. <i>delay</i>] <i>lese</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page82" id = "page82">82</a></span> +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT JOUSTS WITH HIS ELDER SON, AND OTHERS.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza204" id = "stanza204" href = "#notes_stz204"> +(204)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +The jousts at Jerusalem.</span> +<p>The castell̴ court was large w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> in<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>They made ryngis ffor to Ren<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p class = "indent">None but they alone. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2355" id = "line2355">2355</a></span></p> +<p>Euery of hem to oþ<i>ur</i>e R<i>a</i>de:</p> +<p>Feyrer Tur<i>na</i>ment<i>es</i> than they made,</p> +<p class = "indent">Men sye never none.</p> +<p>The prynce in armes was full̴ preste,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent’s son Leobertus breaks 3 shafts on his Father.</span> +<p>Thre shaftys on<sup>)</sup> his fader he breste, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2360" id = "line2360">2360</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">In shevers they gan gone. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2461]</span></p> +<p>Sir Torent said: ‘So mvt I thee,</p> +<p>A man of armes shall̴ thou be,</p> +<p class = "indent">Stalworth of blood and bone!’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>2356. <i>Rode</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2357. <i>Turmentes</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza205" id = "stanza205">(205)</a></h5> + +<p>Harroldys of armes cryed on<sup>)</sup> hight, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2365" id = "line2365">2365</a></span></p> +<p>The prynce and that other knyght</p> +<p class = "indent">No more juste shall̴ thay;</p> +<p>But lordys of other lond,</p> +<p>Euery one to other ffond,</p> +<p class = "indent">And sith went theyre way. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2370" id = "line2370">2370</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The jousts last 6 weeks.</span> +<p>Sixe wekys he dwellid there, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2471]</span></p> +<p>Till̴ that all̴ delyu<i>er</i>d were,</p> +<p class = "indent">That in the Cite <i>lay</i>.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +A Feast is held.</span> +<p>Tho they held a gestonye,</p> +<p>With all̴ man<i>er</i> of mynstralsye, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2375" id = "line2375">2375</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Tyll̴ the Sevynth day.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +2373. <i>lay</i>] <i>were</i> MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza206" id = "stanza206">(206)</a></h5> + +<p>Lordis with all̴ other thing</p> +<p>Toke leve at the kyng,</p> +<p class = "indent">Home theyre ways to passe.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent is declared victor.</span> +<p>That tyme they yaue Torent the floure +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2380" id = "line2380">2380</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 115<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>And the gre with moch honowre, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2481]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">As he well̴ worthy was.</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page83" id = "page83">83</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Jerusalem promises to support Torrent.</span> +<p>The kyng said: ‘I shall̴ the yeve</p> +<p>Liffe and lyvelode, whill̴ I lyve,</p> +<p class = "indent">Thyn armo<i>ur</i>, as it was.’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2385" id = "line2385">2385</a></span></p> +<p>Whan he sye ffeyre ladyes wend,</p> +<p>He thought on her, that was so hend,</p> +<p class = "indent">And sighed and said: ‘Alas!’</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +DESONELL IS TOLD OF TORRENT’S VICTORY.</span></p> + + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza207" id = "stanza207" href = "#notes_stz207"> +(207)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Nazareth</span> +<p>The kyng of Naȝareth home went,</p> +<p>There that his lady lent, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2390" id = "line2390">2390</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">In his own<sup>)</sup> lede. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2491]</span></p> +<p>‘Sir,’ she said, ‘ffor godd<i>us</i> pite,</p> +<p>What gentilman<sup>)</sup> wan<sup>)</sup> the gre?’</p> +<p class = "indent">He said, ‘So god me spede,</p> +<p>One of the ffeyrest knyghtis, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2395" id = "line2395">2395</a></span></p> +<p>That slepith on<sup>)</sup> som<i>er</i> nyght<i>es</i></p> +<p class = "indent">Or walkyd in wede;</p> +<p>He is so large of lym<sup>)</sup> and lith,</p> +<p>All̴ the world he hath justid with,</p> +<p class = "indent">That come to that dede.’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2400" id = "line2400">2400</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza208" id = "stanza208" href = "#notes_stz208"> +(208)</a></h5> + +<p>‘Good lord,’ said Desonell̴, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2501]</span></p> +<p>‘For godd<i>us</i> love ye me tell̴,</p> +<p class = "indent">What armes that <i>h</i>e bare!’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +tells Desonell that the Victor (Torrent) has an armd Giant as his +crest.</span> +<p>‘Damysell̴, also muste I the,</p> +<p>Syluer and asure beryth he, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2405" id = "line2405">2405</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">That wott I well̴ thare.</p> +<p>His Creste is a noble lond,</p> +<p>A Gyaunt with an<sup>)</sup> hoke in<sup>)</sup> hond,</p> +<p class = "indent">This wott I well̴, he bare.</p> +<p>He is so stiff at euery stoure, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2410" id = "line2410">2410</a></span></p> +<p>He is prynce and victoure, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2511]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 115<i>b</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">He wynneth the gree aye where.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +2403. <i>he</i>] <i>ye</i> MS.</p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page84" id = "page84">84</a></span> +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT AND HIS 2 SONS GO TO A JOUSTING.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza209" id = "stanza209" href = "#notes_stz209"> +(209)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Victor is a Knight of Portugal.</span> +<p>Of Portyngale a knyght he ys,</p> +<p>He wanne the town<sup>)</sup> of Raynes</p> +<p class = "indent">And the Cite of Quarell<i>e</i>; +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2415" id = "line2415">2415</a></span></p> +<p>At the last jurney that was sett,</p> +<p>The prynce, my broders son<sup>)</sup> <i>he mett</i>,</p> +<p class = "indent">And in his hond he ffell̴.</p> +<p>The prynce of Grece leth nere</p> +<p>There may no juster be his pere, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2420" id = "line2420">2420</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">For soth as I you tell̴: +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2521]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Nazareth proclaims a Jousting.</span> +<p>A dede of armes I shall̴ do crye</p> +<p>And send after hym<sup>)</sup> in hye.’</p> +<p class = "indent">Blith was Desonell̴.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>2415. <i>Quarellis</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2416. <i>that</i>] <i>he</i> add. MS.</p> + +<p>2417. <i>he m.</i>] <i>was gatt</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza210" id = "stanza210" href = "#notes_stz210"> +(210)</a></h5> + +<p>This dede was cried ffar and nere, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2425" id = "line2425">2425</a></span></p> +<p>The kyng of Ierusalem did it here,</p> +<p class = "indent">In what lond that it shold be.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Jerusalem sends Torrent and his elder son Leobertus +to it.</span> +<p>He said: ‘Sone, anon right</p> +<p>Dight the and thy cryston<sup>)</sup> knyght,</p> +<p class = "indent">For sothe, theder will̴ we.’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2430" id = "line2430">2430</a></span></p> +<p>Gret lordys, that herith this crye, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2531]</span></p> +<p>Theder come richely,</p> +<p class = "indent">Everyman<sup>)</sup> in his degre.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King of Greece brings the younger son, Antony Fitzgriffin.</span> +<p>The kyng of Grece did <i>make hym boun</i>,</p> +<p>With hym<sup>)</sup> come Antony ffyȝ greffon<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2435" id = "line2435">2435</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">With moche solempnite<span class = "dots"> . . . . . +. .</span></p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +2434. <i>make hym b.</i>] <i>assigne</i> MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza211" id = "stanza211">(211)</a></h5> + +<p>‘The kyng of Naȝareth sent me,</p> +<p>That there shold a justynge be</p> +<p class = "indent">Of meny a cryston<sup>)</sup> knyght,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Jousting is for a lady.</span> +<p>And all̴ is ffor a lady clere, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2440" id = "line2440">2440</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 116<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>That the justyng is cryed ffar and nere, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2541]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">Of men<sup>)</sup> of armes bryght.’</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page85" id = "page85">85</a></span> +<p>Gret joye it was to here tell̴,</p> +<p>How thes kyng<i>es</i> w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> the knyghtis fell̴</p> +<p class = "indent">Come and semled to that ffyght. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2445" id = "line2445">2445</a></span></p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +2445. <i>semlend</i> MS.</p> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +THE JOUSTS AT NAZARETH BEGIN.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza212" id = "stanza212" href = "#notes_stz212"> +(212)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +Many folk come to the jousts.</span> +<p>There come meny another m<i>o</i>n<sup>)</sup>,</p> +<p>That thought there to haue to done,</p> +<p class = "indent">And than<sup>)</sup> to wend her way.</p> +<p>Whan<sup>)</sup> they come to the castell̴ gent,</p> +<p>A Roall̴ ffyght, verament, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2450" id = "line2450">2450</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">There was, the sothe to say. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2551]</span></p> +<p>Trompes resyn<sup>)</sup> on the wall̴,</p> +<p>Lordys assembled in the hall̴,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +They sup</span> +<p class = "indent">And sith to souper yede thay.</p> +<p>They were recevid w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> rialte, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2455" id = "line2455">2455</a></span></p> +<p>Euery man<sup>)</sup> in his degre,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and sleep,</span> +<p class = "indent">And to her logyng went her way.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +2446. <i>man</i> MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza213" id = "stanza213" href = "#notes_stz213"> +(213)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +rise,</span> +<p>The lordys Rosyn all̴ be-dene</p> +<p>On the morow, as I wene,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +hear Mass,</span> +<p class = "indent">And went masse ffor to here. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2460" id = "line2460">2460</a></span></p> +<p>And ffurthermore w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i>-oute lent +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2561]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and dine,</span> +<p>They wesh and to mete went,</p> +<p class = "indent">For to the ffeld they wold there.</p> +<p>After mete anon<sup>)</sup> right</p> +<p>They axid hors and armes bryght, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2465" id = "line2465">2465</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +then mount,</span> +<p class = "indent">To hors-bak went thay in ffere.</p> +<p>Knyghtis and lordys reuelid all̴,</p> +<p>And ladyes lay ou<i>er</i> the castell̴ wall̴,</p> +<p class = "indent">That semely to se were.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza214" id = "stanza214">(214)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +and begin to joust.</span> +<p>Than<sup>)</sup> eueryman toke spere in<sup>)</sup> hond, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2470" id = "line2470">2470</a></span></p> +<p>And euerych to other ffond, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2571]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 116<i>b</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">Smert boffett<i>es</i> there they yeld.</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page86" id = "page86">86</a></span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent’s 2 sons joust.</span> +<p>The prynce of Ierusalem<sup>)</sup> and his brother,</p> +<p>Eueriche of hem<sup>)</sup> Ran to other<sup>)</sup></p> +<p class = "indent">Smertely in the feld<span class = "dots"> . . . . . +. . .</span> +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2475" id = "line2475">2475</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The younger, Antony, unhorses his brother Leobertus.</span> +<p>Though<sup>)</sup> Antony ffygryffon<sup>)</sup> yonger were,</p> +<p>His brother Leobert<i>us</i> he can down<sup>)</sup> bere;</p> +<p class = "indent">Sir Torent stode and be-held.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>2471. <i>ffound</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2472. <i>there th. y.</i>] <i>they yeldyd there</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT AND HIS SONS JOUST. HE IS VICTOR.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza215" id = "stanza215">(215)</a></h5> + +<p>‘Be my trouth,’ said Torent thanne,</p> +<p>‘As I am<sup>)</sup> a cryston<sup>)</sup> man +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2480" id = "line2480">2480</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">I-quytt shall̴ it be.’ +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2581]</span></p> +<p>Torent be-strode a stede strong</p> +<p>And hent a tymber gret and long,</p> +<p class = "indent">And to hym<sup>)</sup> rode he.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +2483 put before 2482 MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza216" id = "stanza216" href = "#notes_stz216"> +(216)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent rides down his younger son.</span> +<p>Torrent to hym rode so sore, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2485" id = "line2485">2485</a></span></p> +<p>That he to the ground hym<sup>)</sup> bare,</p> +<p class = "indent">And let hym<sup>)</sup> lye in<sup>)</sup> the +<i>bent</i>.</p> +<p>There was no man<sup>)</sup> hyȝe ne lowe,</p> +<p>That myght make Torent to bowe</p> +<p class = "indent">Ne his bak to bend. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2490" id = "line2490">2490</a></span></p> +<p>They justyd and turneyd there, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2591]</span></p> +<p>And eueryman<sup>)</sup> ffound his pere,</p> +<p class = "indent">There was caught no dethis d<i>e</i>nt.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +He and his sons are the best jousters.</span> +<p>Of all̴ the Justis, that there ware,</p> +<p>Torent the floure a way bare +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2495" id = "line2495">2495</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">And his sonnys, <i>verament</i>.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>2485 f.:</p> +<div class = "verse"> +<p><i>Torrent so sore to hym rode,</i></p> +<p><i>That he bare hym to the ground</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p>2487. <i>bent</i>] <i>ffeld</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2493. <i>dynt</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2496. <i>ver.</i>] <i>in that tyde</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza217" id = "stanza217">(217)</a></h5> + +<p>And on<sup>)</sup> the morow, whan<sup>)</sup> it was day,</p> +<p>Amonge all̴ the lordys gay,</p> +<p class = "indent">That worthy were, <i>par de</i>,</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page87" id = "page87">87</a></span> +<p>Desonell̴ wold no lenger lend, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2500" id = "line2500">2500</a></span></p> +<p>But to s<i>ir</i> Torent gan<sup>)</sup> she wend +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2601]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">And knelid on her kne.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Desonell greets Torrent,</span> +<p>She said: ‘Welcom<sup>)</sup>, my lord s<i>ir</i> Torent!’</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 117<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>‘And so be ye, my lady gent!’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and swoons.</span> +<p class = "indent">In sownyng than fell̴ she. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2505" id = "line2505">2505</a></span></p> +<p>Vp they cou<i>er</i>yd that lady hend,</p> +<p>And to mete did they wend</p> +<p class = "indent">With joye and solempnite.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>2499. <i>par de</i>] <i>in wede</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2502. <i>And on her kne she knelid</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +DESONELL GREETS TORRENT. HER BEAUTY.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza218" id = "stanza218" href = "#notes_stz218"> +(218)</a></h5> + +<p>Dame Desonell̴ be-sought the kyng.</p> +<p>That she myght, with oute lesyng, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2510" id = "line2510">2510</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Sytt with Torent alone. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2611]</span></p> +<p>‘Yes, lady, be hevyn<sup>)</sup> kyng,</p> +<p>There shall̴ be no lettyng;</p> +<p class = "indent">Worthy is he, be seynt Iohn<sup>)</sup>!’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +All go to Dinner.</span> +<p>Tho they washid and went to mete, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2515" id = "line2515">2515</a></span></p> +<p>And rially they were sett</p> +<p class = "indent">And s<i>er</i>uid worthely, <i>echone</i>.</p> +<p>Euery lord in<sup>)</sup> the hall̴,</p> +<p>As his state wold be-ffall̴,</p> +<p class = "indent">Were couplid with ladyes <i>schone</i>. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2520" id = "line2520">2520</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>2514. <i>ffor welle worthy</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2517. <i>echone</i>] <i>verament</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2520. <i>schone</i>] <i>gent</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza219" id = "stanza219" href = "#notes_stz219"> +(219)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +Desonell is the fairest lady.</span> +<p>But of all̴ ladyes, that were there sene, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2621]</span></p> +<p>So ffeire myght there none bene</p> +<p class = "indent">As was dame Desonell̴.<span class = "dots"> . . . . +. . .</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Kings of Jerusalem and Greece go to the</span> +<p>Thes two kyngis, that doughty ys,</p> +<p>To the Cite come, i-wys, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2525" id = "line2525">2525</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">With moche meyne <i>emell</i>.</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +2526. <i>emell</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza220" id = "stanza220" href = "#notes_stz220"> +(220)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +King of Nazareth’s Castle.</span> +<p>To the castell̴ they toke the way,</p> +<p>There the kyng of Naȝareth lay,</p> +<p class = "indent">With hym<sup>)</sup> to speke on higħ.</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page88" id = "page88">88</a></span> +<p>At none the quene ete in<sup>)</sup> the hall̴, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2530" id = "line2530">2530</a></span></p> +<p>Amongist the ladyes ou<i>er</i> all̴, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2631]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">That couth moche curtesye.</p> +<p>Desonell̴ wold not lett,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Desonell sits by Torrent.</span> +<p>By s<i>ir</i> Torent she her sett,</p> +<p class = "indent">There of they had <i>envye</i><span class = "dots"> +. . . . . .</span> +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2535" id = "line2535">2535</a></span></p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +2535. <i>envye</i>] <i>wonder</i> MS.</p> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +DESONELL FINDS HER TWO SONS BY TORRENT.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza221" id = "stanza221">(221)</a></h5> + +<p>Whan<sup>)</sup> eyther of hem other be-held,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 117<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>Off care no thyng they ffeld,</p> +<p class = "indent">Bothe her hert<i>es</i> were blithe.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +She tells the Lords how her</span> +<p>Gret lordys told she sone,</p> +<p>What poyntes he had for her done, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2540" id = "line2540">2540</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">They be-gan to be blithe; +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2641]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Father sent her and her 2 Boys to sea;</span> +<p>And how her <i>fader</i> in the see did her do,</p> +<p>With her she had men<sup>)</sup> childre two;</p> +<p class = "indent">They waried hym<sup>)</sup> fell̴ sithe.</p> +<p>‘Sir kyng, in this wildernes, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2545" id = "line2545">2545</a></span></p> +<p>My two children<sup>)</sup> fro me revid w<i>e</i>s,</p> +<p class = "indent">I may no lenger hem<sup>)</sup> hide.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>2542. <i>fader</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<p>2546. <i>was</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza222" id = "stanza222">(222)</a></h5> + +<p><ins class = "correction" title = "open quote invisible">‘The</ins> +knyght yaue me ryng<i>es</i> two,</p> +<p>Euerich of hem<sup>)</sup> had one of thoo,</p> +<p class = "indent">Better saw I never none. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2550" id = "line2550">2550</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and how one was carried off by a Griffin, and the other by a +Leopard.</span> +<p>A Gryffon<sup>)</sup> bare the one away, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2651]</span></p> +<p>A liberd the other, p<i>ar</i>maffay,</p> +<p class = "indent">Down<sup>)</sup> by a Roche of stone.’</p> +<p>Than<sup>)</sup> said the kyng of Ierusalem<sup>)</sup>:</p> +<p>‘I ffound one by a water streme, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2555" id = "line2555">2555</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">He levith w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> blood & bone.’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Leobertus and Antony are these boys.</span> +<p>The kyng of Grece said: ‘My brother,</p> +<p>Antony my son<sup>)</sup> brought me anoþ<i>ur</i>e.’</p> +<p class = "indent">She saith: ‘Soth, be seynt Iohn<sup>)</sup>?’</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +2556. <i>levith</i>] <i>yet</i> add. MS.</p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page89" id = "page89">89</a></span> +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT INVITES 3 KINGS TO PORTUGAL.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza223" id = "stanza223">(223)</a></h5> + +<p>The kyng said: ‘Sith it is so, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2560" id = "line2560">2560</a></span></p> +<p>Kys ye youre fader bo, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2661]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">And axe hym<sup>)</sup> his blessyng!’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent’s 2 Sons kneel and ask his blessing.</span> +<p>Down<sup>)</sup> they knelid on<sup>)</sup> her knee:</p> +<p>‘Thy blessing, ffader, for charite!’</p> +<p class = "indent">‘Welcom<sup>)</sup>, children<sup>)</sup> +y<i>i</i>ng!’ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2565" id = "line2565">2565</a></span></p> +<p>Thus in armes he hem<sup>)</sup> hent,</p> +<p>A blither man<sup>)</sup> than<sup>)</sup> s<i>ir</i> Torent</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 118<i>a</i>.</span> +<p class = "indent">Was there none levyng;</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +He rejoices in them and their Mother,</span> +<p>It was no wonder, thouȝe it so were;</p> +<p>He had his wiffe and his children<sup>)</sup> there, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2570" id = "line2570">2570</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">His joye be-gan<sup>)</sup> to spryng. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2671]</span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>2561. <i>bothe</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2565. <i>yong</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza224" id = "stanza224">(224)</a></h5> + +<p>Of all̴ the justis, that were thare,</p> +<p>A way the gre his sonnys bare,</p> +<p class = "indent">That doughty were in dede.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and thanks the Kings for taking care of them.</span> +<p>Torent knelid vppon<sup>)</sup> his knee +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2575" id = "line2575">2575</a></span></p> +<p>And said: ‘God yeld you, lordys ffree,</p> +<p class = "indent">Thes children<sup>)</sup> that ye haue ffed:</p> +<p>Euer we will̴ be at youre will̴,</p> +<p>What jurney ye will̴ put vs tyll̴,</p> +<p class = "indent">So I<i>es</i>u be oure spede, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2580" id = "line2580">2580</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +He asks the Kings to Portugal.</span> +<p>With that the kyng thre +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2681]</span></p> +<p>In to my lond will̴ wend w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> me,</p> +<p class = "indent">For to wreke oure stede.’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza225" id = "stanza225" href = "#notes_stz225"> +(225)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +All agree to go.</span> +<p>They graunted that there was,</p> +<p>Gret lordys more and lesse, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2585" id = "line2585">2585</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Bothe knyght and squiere;</p> +<p>And with Desonell̴ went</p> +<p>Al the ladyes, that were gent,</p> +<p class = "indent">That of valew were.</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page90" id = "page90">90</a></span> +<p>Shippis had they stiff and strong, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2590" id = "line2590">2590</a></span></p> +<p>Maistis gret and sayles long, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2691]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">Hend, as ye may here,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Their ships arrive at Portugal.</span> +<p>And markyd in to Portingale,</p> +<p>Whan<sup>)</sup> they had pullid vp her sayll̴,</p> +<p class = "indent">With a wynd so clere. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2595" id = "line2595">2595</a></span></p> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT, DESONELL, AND THEIR SONS, GO TO PORTUGAL.</span></p> + + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza226" id = "stanza226" href = "#notes_stz226"> +(226)</a></h5> + +<p>The riche quene of that lond</p> +<p>In her castell̴ toure gan stond</p> +<p class = "indent">And be-held in<sup>)</sup>-to the see.</p> +<p>‘Sone,’ she said to a knyght,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 118<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>‘Yonder of shippis I haue a sight, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2600" id = "line2600">2600</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">For sothe, a grett meyne.’ +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2701]</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Queen</span> +<p>The quene said: ‘Verament,</p> +<p>I se the armes of s<i>ir</i> Torent,</p> +<p class = "indent">I wott well̴, it is he.’</p> +<p>He answerid and said tho: +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2605" id = "line2605">2605</a></span></p> +<p>‘Madam, I will̴, that it be so,</p> +<p class = "indent">God gefe grace, that it so be!’</p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +2605-7 put before 2602-4 MS.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza227" id = "stanza227">(227)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +welcomes</span> +<p>A blither lady myȝt none be,</p> +<p>She went ageyn hym<sup>)</sup> to the see</p> +<p class = "indent">With armed knyght<i>es</i> kene. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2610" id = "line2610">2610</a></span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent and his friends,</span> +<p>Torent she toke by the hond: +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2711]</span></p> +<p>‘Lordys of vncouth lond,</p> +<p class = "indent">Welcom muste ye bene!’</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and swoons when she sees her daughter Desonell.</span> +<p>Whan she sye Desonell̴,</p> +<p>Swith in<sup>)</sup> sownyng she fell̴ +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2615" id = "line2615">2615</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">To the ground so <i>gr</i>ene.</p> +<p>Torent gan<sup>)</sup> her vp ta:</p> +<p>‘Here bene her children<sup>)</sup> twa,</p> +<p class = "indent">On lyve thou shalt hem see<i>ne</i>!’</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>2616. <i>grene</i>] <i>kene</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2619. <i>see</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page91" id = "page91">91</a></span> +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT WEDS DESONELL. HIS SONS MADE HEIRS OF KINGS.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza228" id = "stanza228">(228)</a></h5> + +<p>In the Castell̴ of Portyngale +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2620" id = "line2620">2620</a></span></p> +<p>A-Rose trumpes <i>of</i> hede vale, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2721]</span></p> +<p class = "indent">To mete they went on<sup>)</sup> hye.</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent holds a great feast,</span> +<p>He sent letters ffar and nere;</p> +<p>The lordys, that of valew were,</p> +<p class = "indent">They come to that gestonye. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2625" id = "line2625">2625</a></span></p> +<p>The Emp<i>er</i>oure of Rome,</p> +<p>To that gestonye he come,</p> +<p class = "indent">A noble knyght on<sup>)</sup> hyȝe.</p> +<p>Whan<sup>)</sup> all̴ thes lordys com w<i>e</i>re,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and weds Desonell.</span> +<p>Torrent weddid that lady clere, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2630" id = "line2630">2630</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">A justyng did he crye. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2731]</span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>2621. <i>of</i>] om. MS.</p> + +<p>2629. <i>ware</i> MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza229" id = "stanza229" href = "#notes_stz229"> +(229)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 119<i>a</i>.</span> +<p>So it ffell̴ vppon a day,</p> +<p>The kyng of Ierusalem<sup>)</sup> gan say:</p> +<p class = "indent">‘Sir, thy sonne I ffound</p> +<p>Lying in a libert<i>es</i> mouth, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2635" id = "line2635">2635</a></span></p> +<p>And no good he ne couth,</p> +<p class = "indent">Dede he was nere hond:</p> +<p>Wold thou, that he dwellid w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> me,</p> +<p>Till̴ that I dede be,</p> +<p class = "indent">And sith reioyse my lond?’<span class = "dots"> . . +. . . .</span> +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2640" id = "line2640">2640</a></span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza230" id = "stanza230">(230)</a></h5> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +He gives his son Leobertus as heir to the King of Jerusalem;</span> +<p>Be fore lordys of gret renown<sup>)</sup>, +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2741]</span></p> +<p>Torent gaue hym<sup>)</sup> his son<sup>)</sup><span class = "dots"> +. . . . . . . .</span></p> +<p class = "indent">The kyng of Grece said: ‘S<i>ir</i> knyght,</p> +<p>I yeff thy son all̴ my right</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and his son Antony as heir to the King of Greece.</span> +<p>To the Grekys flood: +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2645" id = "line2645">2645</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Wouch thou saue, he dwell̴ w<i>i</i>t<i>h</i> +me?’</p> +<p>‘Yea, Lord, so mut I thee,</p> +<p class = "indent">God yeld you all̴ this good!’</p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page92" id = "page92">92</a></span> +<p>For s<i>ir</i> Torent was stiff in stoure,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent is elected Emperor.</span> +<p>They chose hym ffor Emp<i>er</i>oure, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2650" id = "line2650">2650</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">Beste of bone and blood. +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2751]</span></p> +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +2645. <i>flood</i>] <i>I plight</i> add. MS.</p> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +TORRENT IS MADE EMPEROR. HE DIES.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza231" id = "stanza231" href = "#notes_stz231"> +(231)</a></h5> + +<p>Gret lordys, that there were,</p> +<p>Fourty days dwellith there,</p> +<p class = "indent">And sith they yode her way;</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent gives his 2 Sons a Sword each.</span> +<p>He yaue his sonnys, as ye may here, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2655" id = "line2655">2655</a></span></p> +<p>Two swerdys, that were hym<sup>)</sup> dere,</p> +<p class = "indent">Ech of hem<sup>)</sup> one had they.</p> +<p>Sith he did make vp-tyed</p> +<p>Chirchus and abbeys wyde,</p> +<p class = "indent">For hym<sup>)</sup> and his to praye. +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2660" id = "line2660">2660</a></span></p> +<p>In Rome this Romans berith the crown<sup>)</sup> +<span class = "linenum halliwell">[2761]</span></p> +<p>Of all̴ kerpyng of Renown<sup>)</sup>:</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +He lies in a fair Abbey.</span> +<p class = "indent">He leyth in a feire abbey.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "linenote"> +<p>2654. <i>And sith her way they yode</i> MS.</p> + +<p>2663. <i>leyth</i>] <i>in Rome</i> add. MS.</p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<h5><a name = "stanza232" id = "stanza232">(232)</a></h5> + +<p>Now I<i>es</i>u Cryst, that all̴ hath wrought,</p> +<span class = "sidenote folio"> +f. 119<i>b</i>.</span> +<p>As he on the Rode vs bought, +<span class = "linenum"> +<a name = "line2665" id = "line2665">2665</a></span></p> +<p class = "indent">He geve hvs his blessing,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +May Christ grant us Heaven!</span> +<p>And as he died for you and me,</p> +<p>He graunt vs in blis to be,</p> +<p class = "indent"><i>Lesse and mare, both old and ying!</i> Amen.</p> + +</div> + +<p class = "linenote"> +2669. <i>Oute of this world whan<sup>)</sup> we shalle wend</i> MS.</p> + + +<h5>Explicit Torent of Portyngale.</h5> + +</div> + +<div class = "fragments"> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page93" id = "page93">93</a></span> + +<h3><a name = "fragments" id = "fragments">THE FRAGMENTS.</a></h3> + +<h4><a name = "fragI" id = "fragI">I.</a> +<a class = "tag" name = "tagF1" id = "tagF1" href = "#noteF1">1</a></h4> + +<p class = "subhead"> +[<i>The King of Portugal plots Torrent’s death.</i>]</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Desonell gives Torrent a Horse</span> +<p>[T] <span class = "fulldots">. . . .</span> est hym vp<span class = +"fulldots"> . . . .</span> +<span class = "linenum">462</span></p> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . .</span> chent be for to fle</p> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . .</span> ly ivyll he gone +<span class = "linenum">464</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +which the King of Nazareth had sent her.</span> +<p>The kynge of Nazareth sent hym me,</p> +<p>Torent, I wot-saue hym on the,</p> +<p class = "indent">For better loue I none!’ +<span class = "linenum">467</span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<p>Afterwarde vpon a tyde,</p> +<p>As they walkyd by the ryvers syde,</p> +<p class = "indent">The kynge and yonge Torent, +<span class = "linenum">470</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King</span> +<p>This lorde wolde fayne, that he dede were</p> +<p>And he wyst nat, on what manere,</p> +<p class = "indent">Howe he myght hym shent. +<span class = "linenum">473</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +treacherously</span> +<p>A fals letter made the kynge</p> +<p>And made a messangere it brynge,</p> +<p class = "indent">On the ryuer syde as they went, +<span class = "linenum">476</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +asks Torrent to get Desonell a Falcon</span> +<p>To Torent, that was true as stele,</p> +<p>If he loued Dyssonell wele,</p> +<p class = "indent">Gete hir a faucon gent. +<span class = "linenum">479</span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<p>Torent the letter began to rede,</p> +<p>The kynge came nere and lystened,</p> +<p class = "indent">As thoughe he it neuer had sene. +<span class = "linenum">482</span></p> +<p>The kynge sayde, ‘what may this be?’</p> +<p>‘Lorde, it is sent to me</p> +<p class = "indent">For a faucon shene; +<span class = "linenum">485</span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<p>I ne wote, so God me spede,</p> +<p>In what londe that they brede.’</p> +<p class = "indent">The kynge sayde, ‘as I herde sayne, +<span class = "linenum">488</span></p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page94" id = "page94">94</a></span> +<p class = "dots">. . . . . . . . . . . .</p> +<p class = "dots">. . . . . . . . . . . .</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +from the Forest of Magdalen.</span> +<p class = "indent">In the forest of Maudelayne +<span class = "linenum">491</span></p> + +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +FRAG. 2. TORRENT GOES TO THE FOREST OF MAUDELAYNE.</span></p> + +<h4><a name = "fragII" id = "fragII">II.</a> +<a class = "tag" name = "tagF2" id = "tagF2" href = "#noteF2">2</a></h4> + +<div class = "stanza"> + +<p>Than sayde [the] kyn[g] vntrue, +<span class = "linenum">492</span></p> +<p>‘And ye fynde haw[k]es of great value,</p> +<p class = "indent">Brynge me one with the!’ +<span class = "linenum">494</span></p> +<p>Torent sayd: ‘so God me saue,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent agrees to do it.</span> +<p>Yf it betyde, that I any haue,</p> +<p class = "indent">At your wyll shall they be.’ +<span class = "linenum">497</span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<p>To his squyer bade he thare,</p> +<p>After his armoure to fare,</p> +<p class = "indent">In the felde abode he; +<span class = "linenum">500</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +He rides</span> +<p>They armed hym in his wede,</p> +<p>He bestrode a noble stede</p> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . . . . . . .</span> +<span class = "linenum">503</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +to the Forest of Magdalen,</span> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<p>Torent toke the way agayne</p> +<p>Unto the forest of Maudelayne,</p> +<p class = "indent">In a wylsome way; +<span class = "linenum">506</span></p> +<p>Berys and apes there founde he</p> +<p>And wylde bestys great plente</p> +<p class = "indent">And lyons, where they lay. +<span class = "linenum">509</span></p> +<p>In a wode, that is tyght,</p> +<p>It drewe towarde the nyght.</p> +<p class = "indent">By dymmynge of the day +<span class = "linenum">512</span></p> +<p>Lysten, lordes, of them came wo,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +gets separated from his Squire,</span> +<p>He and his squyer departed in two,</p> +<p class = "indent">Carefull men then were they. +<span class = "linenum">515</span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<p>At a shedynge of a rome</p> +<p>Eyther departed other frome,</p> +<p class = "indent">As I vnderstande. +<span class = "linenum">518</span></p> +<p>Torent taketh a dolefull way</p> +<p>Downe into a depe valay,</p> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . . . . . . .</span> +<span class = "linenum">521</span></p> +</div> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page95" id = "page95">95</a></span> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +FRAG. 3. TORRENT IS TO FIGHT THE CALABRIAN GIANT, SLOGUS.</span></p> + +<h4><a name = "fragIII" id = "fragIII">III.</a> +<a class = "tag" name = "tagF3" id = "tagF3" href = "#noteF3">3</a></h4> + +<p class = "subhead"> +[<i>The King of Portugal sends Torrent to be kild by the Giant +Slogus.</i>]</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent sits at the head of a side table.</span> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . . . . . . . . .</span> +<span class = "linenum">819</span></p> +<p>And the good squyres after h[ym],</p> +<p>That knyghtes sholde be. +<span class = "linenum">821</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The King asks Torrent if he’ll</span> +<p>As they were a-myddes theyr<span class = "dots"> . . .</span></p> +<p>The kynge wolde not forgete,</p> +<p class = "indent">To Torente than sayd he, +<span class = "linenum">824</span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<p>He sayd: ‘so god me saue,</p> +<p>Fayne thou woldest my dough[ter haue],</p> +<p class = "indent">Thou hast loued her many a d[aye].’ +<span class = "linenum">827</span></p> +<p>‘Ye, by my trouthe,’ sayd Torente,</p> +<p>‘And I were a ryche man,</p> +<p class = "indent">Ryght gladly by my faye.’ +<span class = "linenum">830</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +do a deed of arms for Desonell.</span> +<p>‘If thou durst for her sake</p> +<p>A poynte of armes vndertake,</p> +<p class = "indent">Thou broke her vp for ay.’ +<span class = "linenum">833</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +‘Yes,’ says Torrent.</span> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<p>‘Ye,’ sayde he, ‘or I go,</p> +<p>Sykernes thou make me so</p> +<p class = "indent">Of thy doughter hende. +<span class = "linenum">836</span></p> +<p>Ye and after all my ryghtes</p> +<p>By VII score of hardy knyghtes’</p> +<p class = "indent">Al they were Torentes frende. +<span class = "linenum">839</span></p> +<p>‘Now, good lordes, I you praye,</p> +<p>Bere wytnes of this day</p> +<p class = "indent">Agayne yf god me sende!’ +<span class = "linenum">842</span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<p>Torente sayd, ‘so may I the,</p> +<p>Wyst I, where my jorney shold [be],</p> +<p class = "indent">Thyder I wolde me dyghte.’ +<span class = "linenum">845</span></p> +<p>The kyng gaue hym an answ[e]re,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +‘Then go to Calabria,</span> +<p>‘In the londe of Caleb[e]re</p> +<p class = "indent">There wonneth a gyaunte wygh[hte] +<span class = "linenum">848</span></p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page96" id = "page96">96</a></span> +<p class = "dots">. . . . . . . . . . . .</p> +<p>Slogus he hyght as I the tolde,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and fight the Giant Slogus.’</span> +<p class = "indent">God sende the that waye ryghte!’ +<span class = "linenum">851</span></p> +</div> + + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +FRAG. 4. TORRENT WILL NOT GIVE UP HIS GIANT-FIGHT.</span></p> + +<h4><a name = "fragIV" id = "fragIV">IV.</a> +<a class = "tag" name = "tagF4" id = "tagF4" href = "#noteF4">4</a></h4> + +<p class = "subhead"> +[<i>Torrent is offerd a Princess of Provyns.</i>]</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> + +<span class = "sidenote"> +The king of Provyns warns</span> +<p class = "dots">. . . . . . . . . . .</p> +<p class = "dots">. . . . . . . . . . .</p> +<p class = "indent">For why I wyll the saye, +<span class = "linenum">917</span></p> +<p>Moche folke of that countre</p> +<p>Cometh heder for socoure to me,</p> +<p class = "indent">Bothe by nyghte and by daye. +<span class = "linenum">920</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +him against the terrible Giant there,</span> +<p>There is a gyaunte of grete renowne,</p> +<p>He destroyeth bothe cyte and towne</p> +<p class = "indent">And all that he may. +<span class = "linenum">923</span></p> +<p>As bokes of rome tell,</p> +<p>He was goten with the deuyll of hell,</p> +<p class = "indent">As his moder slepynge lay.’ +<span class = "linenum">926</span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<p>The kynge sayde, ‘by Saynt Adryan,</p> +<p>I rede, a nother gentylman</p> +<p class = "indent">Be there and haue the degre. +<span class = "linenum">929</span></p> +<p>I haue a doughter, that me is dere,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and offers him his Daughter and 2 Duchies.</span> +<p>Thou shalte wedde her to thy fere,</p> +<p class = "indent">And yf it thy wyll be, +<span class = "linenum">932</span></p> +<p>Two duchyes in honde</p> +<p>I wyll gyue her in londe.’</p> +<p class = "indent">‘Gramercy, syr,’ sayd he, +<span class = "linenum">935</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent says he must keep his troth.</span> +<p>‘With my tonge I haue so wrought,</p> +<p>To breke my day wyll I nought,</p> +<p class = "indent">Nedes me behoueth there to be.’ +<span class = "linenum">938</span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<p>‘On Goddes name,’ the kynge gan sayne,</p> +<p>‘Ie<i>s</i>u brynge the saffe agayne,</p> +<p class = "indent">Lorde, moche of myght!’ +<span class = "linenum">941</span></p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page97" id = "page97">97</a></span> +<p>Mynstralsy was them amonge,</p> +<p>With harpe, fedyll and songe,</p> +<p class = "indent">Delycyous notes on hygh[t]e. +<span class = "linenum">944</span></p> +<p>Whan it was tyme, to bed they wente,</p> +<p>And on the morowe rose Torente</p> +<p class = "indent">And toke leue of kynge and knyght +<span class = "linenum">947</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent starts,</span> +<p>And toke a redy way.</p> +</div> + + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +FRAG. 5. TORRENT HEARS OF THE CALABRIAN GIANT, SLOGUS.</span></p> + +<h4><a name = "fragV" id = "fragV">Fragment V.</a> +<a class = "tag" name = "tagF5" id = "tagF5" href = "#noteF5">5</a></h4> + +<div class = "stanza"> + +<p>By the se syde as it lay,</p> +<p class = "indent">God sende hym gatys ryght! +<span class = "linenum">950</span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<p>An hye waye hath he nome,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +reaches Calabria,</span> +<p>Into Calabre is he come</p> +<p class = "indent">Within two dayes or thre. +<span class = "linenum">953</span></p> +<p>So he met folke hym agayne,</p> +<p>Fast comynge with carte and wayne</p> +<p class = "indent">Frowarde the se. +<span class = "linenum">956</span></p> +<p>‘Dere God,’ sayd Torente now,</p> +<p>‘Good folke, what eyleth you,</p> +<p class = "indent">That ye thus fast fle?’ +<span class = "linenum">959</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and hears of the Giant.</span> +<p>‘There lyeth a gyaunte here besyde,</p> +<p>For all this londe brode and wyde</p> +<p class = "indent">No man on lyue leueth he.’ +<span class = "linenum">962</span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<p>‘Dere God,’ sayd Torente then,</p> +<p>‘Wher euer be that fendes den?’</p> +<p class = "indent">They answered hym anone: +<span class = "linenum">965</span></p> +<p>‘In a castell in the see,</p> +<p>Slogus’ they sayd ‘hyght he,</p> +<p class = "indent">Many a man he hath slone. +<span class = "linenum">968</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Giant Slogus is in Hungary.</span> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<p>We wote full well, where he doth ly</p> +<p>Byfore the cyte of Hungry,’</p> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . . . . . . .</span> +<span class = "linenum">971</span></p> +</div> + + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page98" id = "page98">98</a></span> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +FRAG. 6. TORRENT FIGHTS A GIANT. DESONELL HAS TWINS.</span></p> + +<h4><a name = "fragVI" id = "fragVI">VI.</a> +<a class = "tag" name = "tagF6" id = "tagF6" href = "#noteF6">6</a></h4> + +<p class = "subhead"> +[<i>Torrent fights the Giant.</i>]</p> + +<p class = "mynote"> +The number and configuration of dots corresponds as closely as possible +to the printed book.</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The giant says he’ll wring Torrent’s nose.</span> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . . . </span>all the wrynge, +<span class = "linenum">1014</span></p> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . . . . . </span>lynge</p> +<p class = "indent"> <span class = "fulldots">. . . . . . . . . +</span>thou the +<span class = "linenum">1016</span></p> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . . . . . </span>he toke,</p> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . . . . . </span>bare a croke</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +His Crook is 13 ft. long.</span> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . . . . . </span>te longe and thre +<span class = "linenum">1019</span></p> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . . . </span>ever so longe were</p> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . . . . . </span>had no fere</p> +<p class = "indent"> <span class = "fulldots">. . . . </span>yd +darste thou come nere +<span class = "linenum">1022</span></p> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . . </span>nte nolengre a-byde</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Torrent charges,</span> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . . </span>nte wolde he ryde</p> +<p class = "indent"> <span class = "fulldots">. . . . </span>ghte. +<span class = "linenum">1025</span></p> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . </span>one eye but one,</p> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . . . </span>neuer none,</p> +<p class = "indent"> <span class = "fulldots">. . . </span>nor by +nyght. +<span class = "linenum">1028</span></p> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . </span>lpe of god of heuen,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +pierces the Giant’s eye,</span> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . . </span>herin euen,</p> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . . . . . . . . .</span> +<span class = "linenum">1031</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and makes him roar.</span> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . </span>gan to rore,</p> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . </span>the cyte wore,</p> +<p class = "indent"> <span class = "fulldots">. . . </span>ay. +<span class = "linenum">1034</span></p> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . </span>es eyen were oute</p> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . . . . . </span>boute</p> +<p><span class = "fulldots">. . . . . . . . . . .</span> +<span class = "linenum">1037</span></p> +</div> + + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +FRAG. 7. DESONELL AND HER TWINS ARE SENT TO SEA.</span></p> + +<h4><a name = "fragVII" id = "fragVII">VII.</a> +<a class = "tag" name = "tagF7" id = "tagF7" href = "#noteF7">7</a></h4> + +<p class = "subhead"> +[<i>Desonell bears twins. All are sent out to sea. They reach +land.</i>]</p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<p>Thus the lady dwelled there, +<span class = "linenum">1807</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Desonell is delivered of 2 male children</span> +<p>Tyll that she delyuered were</p> +<p class = "indent">Of men chyldren two. +<span class = "linenum">1809</span></p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page99" id = "page99">99</a></span> +<p>Of all poyntes were they gent,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +like Torrent.</span> +<p>Lyke were they to Sir Torent,</p> +<p class = "indent">For his loue suffred they wo. +<span class = "linenum">1812</span></p> +<p>The kynge sayd, ‘so mote I the,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Her Father says she shall be sent out to sea.</span> +<p>Thou shalt into the se</p> +<p class = "indent">Without wordes mo. +<span class = "linenum">1815</span></p> +<p>Every kynges doughter fer and nere</p> +<p>At the they shall lere,</p> +<p class = "indent">Agaynst right to do!’ +<span class = "linenum">1818</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +She is led from his land.</span> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<p>Great ruthe it was to se,</p> +<p>Whan they led that lady fre</p> +<p class = "indent">Out of hir faders lande. +<span class = "linenum">1821</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +The Queen bewails her daughter’s fate.</span> +<p>The quene, hir moder, was nere wode</p> +<p>For hir doughter, that gentyll fode,</p> +<p class = "indent">Knyghtes stode wepynge.<a class = "tag" name = +"tagF8" id = "tagF8" href = "#noteF8">8</a> +<span class = "linenum">1824</span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<p>A clothe of sylke toke they tho,</p> +<p>And departed it bytwene the chyldren two,</p> +<p class = "indent">Therin they were wonde. +<span class = "linenum">1827</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Desonell is sent to sea.</span> +<p>Whan they had shypped that gentyll thynge,</p> +<p>Anone she fell in swownynge</p> +<p class = "indent">At Peron on the sonde. +<span class = "linenum">1830</span></p> +<p>Whan that lady was downe fall,</p> +<p>On Iesu Cryste dyd she call.</p> +<p class = "indent">To defende hir with his honde: +<span class = "linenum">1833</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +She prays to Christ for her children.</span> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<p>‘Rightfull God, ye me sende</p> +<p>Some good londe on to lende,</p> +<p class = "indent">That my chyldren may crystened be[n].’ +<span class = "linenum">1836</span></p> +<p>She sayd, ‘ladyes fayre and gent,</p> +<p>Great well my lorde Sir Torent,</p> +<p class = "indent">Yf euer ye hym se[n]!’ +<span class = "linenum">1839</span></p> +<p>The wynde arose on the myght,</p> +<p>Fro the londe it blewe that lady bryght</p> +<p class = "indent">Into the se so grene. +<span class = "linenum">1842</span></p> +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page100" id = "page100">100</a></span> +</div> + +<p class = "headnote"><span class = "headnote"> +FRAG. 7. DESONELL AND HER TWINS REACH LAND.</span></p> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<p>Wyndes and weders hathe hir dryuen,</p> +<p>That in a forest she is aryuen,</p> +<p class = "indent">Where wylde bestys were. +<span class = "linenum">1845</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +Desonell and her twin babes reach land.</span> +<p>The se was ebbe and went hem fro</p> +<p>And left hir and hir chyldren two</p> +<p class = "indent">[Alo]ne without any fere. +<span class = "linenum">1848</span></p> +<p>Hir one chylde began to wepe,</p> +<p>The lady awoke out of hir slepe</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +She stills her crying child,</span> +<p class = "indent">And sayde, ‘be styll, my dere, +<span class = "linenum">1851</span></p> +<p>Ihesu Cryste hathe sent vs lande,</p> +<p>Yf there be any Crysten man at hande,</p> +<p class = "indent">We shall haue socoure here.’ +<span class = "linenum">1854</span></p> +</div> + +<div class = "stanza"> +<p>The carefull lady then was blythe,</p> +<p>To the londe she went full swythe,</p> +<p class = "indent">As fast as she myght. +<span class = "linenum">1857</span></p> +<p>Tyll the day began to sprynge,</p> +<p>Foules on trees merely gan synge</p> +<p class = "indent">Delicyous notes on hyght. +<span class = "linenum">1860</span></p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +goes up a mountain,</span> +<p>To a hyll went that lady fre,</p> +<p>Where she was ware of a cyte</p> +<p class = "indent">With toures fayre and bryght. +<span class = "linenum">1863</span></p> +<p>Therof I-wys she was fayne,</p> +<span class = "sidenote"> +and sits down.</span> +<p>She set hir downe, as I herd sayne,</p> +<p class = "indent">Hir chyldren for to dyght. +<span class = "linenum">1866</span></p> +</div> + +</div> +<!-- end div fragments --> + +<hr /> + +<h4>Footnotes to Fragments</h4> + +<div class = "footnote"> +<p><a name = "noteF1" id = "noteF1" href = "#tagF1">1.</a> +In Halliwell’s edition III.</p> + +<p><a name = "noteF2" id = "noteF2" href = "#tagF2">2.</a> +In Halliwell’s edition II.</p> + +<p><a name = "noteF3" id = "noteF3" href = "#tagF3">3.</a> +In Halliwell’s edition VI.</p> + +<p><a name = "noteF4" id = "noteF4" href = "#tagF4">4.</a> +In Halliwell’s edition V.</p> + +<p><a name = "noteF5" id = "noteF5" href = "#tagF5">5.</a> +In Halliwell’s edition IV.</p> + +<p><a name = "noteF6" id = "noteF6" href = "#tagF6">6.</a> +Printed in <i>Englische Studien</i>, VII. p. 347 f.</p> + +<p><a name = "noteF7" id = "noteF7" href = "#tagF7">7.</a> +In Halliwell’s edition I.</p> + +<p><a name = "noteF8" id = "noteF8" href = "#tagF8">8.</a> +wepande.</p> +</div> + + +<div class = "notes"> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page101" id = "page101">101</a></span> + +<h3><a name = "notes" id = "notes">NOTES.</a></h3> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz1" id = "notes_stz1" +href = "#stanza1">St. 1</a></h5> + +<p><span class = "smallcaps">Page</span> 1, <a href = "#line10">line +12</a>. Cf. <a href = "#line115">ll. 118</a>, <a href = +"#line185">187</a>, <a href = "#line190">190</a>, <a href = +"#line195">198</a>, <a href = "#line555">558</a>, <a href = +"#line925">924</a>, <a href = "#line1925">1924</a>, <a href = +"#line2180">2183</a>. So in <i>Eglamour</i> (Thornton Romances), +l. 408:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘The boke of Rome thus can telle,’</p> + +<p>and <i>The Erl of Tolouse</i>, ed. Lüdtke, l. 1219:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘Yn Rome thys geste cronyculyd ys.’</p> + +<p>See Halliwell’s and Lüdtke’s notes to these passages. I agree with +both of them, that an expression like that does not earnestly refer the +reader to a Latin or Italian source of the story; there is evidently no +difference at all between <i>in Rome</i> and <i>in romance</i>.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz2" id = "notes_stz2" +href = "#stanza2">St. 2</a></h5> + +<p>p. 1, <a name = "note15" id = "note15" href = "#line15">l. 15</a>. +<i>wyght</i> has been inserted instead of <i>dowghtty</i> in order to +restore the rhyme with <i>hyght</i>, <i>knyght</i>, <i>myght</i>; cf. +<i>Havelok</i>, ed. Skeat, l. 344:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘He was fayr man and wicth.’</p> + +<p>p. 1, <a name = "note17" id = "note17" href = "#line15">l. 17</a> = +<i>Ipomadon</i>, l. 63. Parallel passages to this hyperbolic expression +are collected in Kölbing’s note to this line (p. 364).</p> + +<p>p. 1, <a name = "note24" id = "note24" href = "#line25">l. 24</a>. We +find the same idea as here, viz. that nobody can resist the will of God, +who has power over death and life, in <i>Sir Tristrem</i>, ll. +236 ff.:</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>‘Þat leuedi, nouȝt to lain,</p> +<p>For soþe ded is sche!</p> +<p>Who may be ogain?</p> +<p>As god wil, it schal be,</p> +<p>Vnbliþe.’</p> +</div> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz3" id = "notes_stz3" +href = "#stanza3">St. 3</a></h5> + +<p>p. 2, <a name = "note28" id = "note28" href = "#line25">l. 28</a>. I +have not met with the verb <i>fesomnen</i> anywhere else, and it is not +mentioned in Stratmann and Mätzner. Halliwell, Dictionary, p. 354, +explains it by ‘feoffed, gave in fee,’ doubtless regarding this very +passage, although he doesn’t cite it; might <i>fesomnyd</i> not be a +corruption from <i>sesyd</i>? cf. <i>Havelok</i>, ll. 250 f.:</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>‘Þat he ne dede al Engelond</p> +<p>Sone sayse intil his hond.’</p> +</div> + +<p>Hall writes to me on this word as follows: <i>fesomnyd</i> is, +I am convinced, not a word at all, but a scribe’s error for +<i>festonyd</i> or <i>festnyd</i> = confirmed, fixed. Comp. ’<i>And þat +ich hym wolde myd trewþe siker faste on honde</i>,’ Robert of Gloucester +(Hearne), p. 150. For this use of <i>fasten, fastnen</i>, comp. +’<i>But my forwarde with þe I festen on þis wyse</i>,’ Alliterative +Poems, p. 47, l. 327: ’<i>& folden fayth to þat fre, festned so +harde</i>,’ Sir +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page102" id = "page102">102</a></span> +Gawayne, p. 57, l. 1783: ’<i>And þis forward, in faith, +I festyn with hond</i>,’ Destruction of Troy, p. 22, l. 636. +See also Jamieson’s Scottish Dictionary, ii. p. 216, under <i>to +Fest</i>.</p> + +<p>p. 2, <a name = "note30" id = "note30" href = "#line30">l. 30</a>. I +am by no means sure that <i>fede</i> is the original reading, but I +wasn’t able to find a better word rhyming with <i>dedde</i>, +<i>wede</i>; even the <i>ne.</i> ‘feed’ means <i>pasture</i>, and that +is what we expect here.</p> + +<p>p. 2, <a name = "note31" id = "note31" href = "#line30">l. 31</a>. +For my correction cf. Lüdtke’s note to <i>The Erl of Tolouse</i>, l. +199, sub 2; <i>Eglam.</i>, l. 26:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘That was a maydyn as whyte as fome,’</p> + +<p><i>Ib.</i> l. 683:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘Crystyabelle as whyte as fome,’</p> + +<p>where the <i>Percy Folio MS.</i> reads:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘Christabell that was as faire as sunn;’</p> + +<p><i>Chronicle of England</i>, l. 75 f.:</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>‘Ant nomeliche to thy lemmon,</p> +<p>That ys wyttore then the fom.’</p> +</div> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz5" id = "notes_stz5" +href = "#stanza5">St. 5</a></h5> + +<p>p. 2, <a name = "note50" id = "note50" href = "#line50">l. 50</a>. +The alteration of <i>And</i> and <i>bee</i> into <i>An</i> and +<i>see</i> seemed necessary; <i>sayment</i> is like Fr. +<i>essaiement</i>, Lat. <i>exagimentum</i>.</p> + +<p>p. 3, <a name = "note59" id = "note59" href = "#line60">l. 59</a>. +Cf. <a href = "#line1215">l. 1216 f.</a> and <i>The Lyfe of <ins class = +"correction" title = "text unchanged: elsewhere ‘Ipomadon’">Ipomydon</ins></i>, +ed. Kölbing, l. 1795:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘If thou hyr haue, thou shalt hyr bye.’</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz7" id = "notes_stz7" +href = "#stanza7">St. 7</a></h5> + +<p>p. 3, <a name = "note77" id = "note77" href = "#line75">l. 77 f.</a> +As half of the stanza is lost, it is impossible to make out to whom +<i>they</i> refers. Nor do I believe that <a href = "#line75">l. 78</a> +is correct, especially as to <i>chaunce</i>.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz8" id = "notes_stz8" +href = "#stanza8">St. 8</a></h5> + +<p>p. 3, <a name = "note79" id = "note79" href = "#line80">l. 79</a>. +Cf. <i>Ipomadon</i>, ed. Kölbing, l. 8123:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘A myle wyth in the Grekes see.’</p> + +<p>p. 3, <a name = "note80" id = "note80" href = "#line80">l. 80</a>. +<i>in an yle</i> is certainly the correct reading; <i>mauyle</i> was +introduced by a scribe who supposed it to be the giant’s name; but that +is mentioned some twenty lines later.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz13" id = "notes_stz13" +href = "#stanza13">St. 13</a></h5> + +<p>p. 5, <a name = "note136" id = "note136" href = "#line135">l. +136</a>. The correction of <i>lyght</i> into <i>ryght</i> I owe to Hall, +who refers me to the legend of <i>Sancta Maria Egyptiaca</i>; cf. f. i. +Barbour’s <i>Legends of Saints</i>, ed. Horstmann, I. +p. 143 ff.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz14" id = "notes_stz14" +href = "#stanza14">St. 14</a></h5> + +<p>p. 6, <a name = "note153" id = "note153" href = "#line150">l. +153</a>. <i>nowyd</i> = ‘anoyed’ gives a poor sense. Hall suggests +<i>nowtyd</i>; cf. E. D. S., No. 6, Ray’s <i>North Country Words</i>, +p. 59, <i>note</i>, to push, strike or soar, with the horn, as a +bull or ram,’ ab. A.S. <i>huitan</i>, ejusdem significationis. The word +might then mean ‘spurred.’</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz16" id = "notes_stz16" +href = "#stanza16">St. 16</a></h5> + +<p>p. 6, <a name = "note171" id = "note171" href = "#line170">l. 171</a> += <a href = "#line595">l. 596</a>. This alliterative binding is a very +frequent one; cf. <i>Sir Orfeo</i>, ed. Zielke, p. 9.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz17" id = "notes_stz17" +href = "#stanza17">St. 17</a></h5> + +<p>p. 7, <a name = "note188" id = "note188" href = "#line185">l. +188</a>. The same rhyme, which I have restored here, occurs <a href = +"#line560">l. 559 f.</a></p> + +<p>p. 7, <a name = "note190" id = "note190" href = "#line190">l. +190</a>. <i>Yt tellythe</i> = <i>Yt is told</i>; cf. Lüdtke, note to +<i>The Erl of Tolouse</i>, l. 1070, and Sarrazin, note to +<i>Octavian</i>, l. 1749.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz22" id = "notes_stz22" +href = "#stanza22">St. 22</a></h5> + +<p>p. 9, <a name = "note236" id = "note236" href = "#line235">l. +236</a>. I was about to write, <i>Crystyn men thow they were</i>, +referring this line to the guardians of the lions; but, no doubt, Hall’s +reconstruction of the line, which I have put into the text, is far +better.</p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page103" id = "page103">103</a></span> +<p>p. 9, <a name = "note237" id = "note237" href = "#line235">l. +237</a>. <i>Hys browys wexe bla</i>, i.e. he turned pale, he was struck +with fear; cf. <i>bloo askes</i>, P. Pl., l. 1553, and the German +<i>aschfahl</i>. Quite a similar expression occurs in <i>Perceval</i>, +l. 687 f.:</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>‘Now sone of that salle wee see,</p> +<p>Whose browes schalle blakke.’</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Ib.</i> l. 1056:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘His browes to blake.’</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz23" id = "notes_stz23" +href = "#stanza23">St. 23</a></h5> + +<p>p. 9, <a name = "note245" id = "note245" href = "#line245">l. +245</a>. Though <i>syghyng</i> gives no offence, still it may be, that +the author has written <i>syngyng</i>, and the scribe was wrong in +altering it; cf. Zupitza’s note to <i>Guy</i>, l. 5424.</p> + +<p>p. 9, <a name = "note251" id = "note251" href = "#line250">l. +251</a>. Cf. <a href = "#line800">l. 802</a>, <a href = +"#line1205">1204</a>, <i>Ipomadon</i>, l. 6481 f.:</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>‘Your nece of Calabyre, that lady clere,</p> +<p>Ys bovnden wyth a fendes fere.’</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Reliquiæ Antiquæ</i>, i. p. 241:</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>‘He seith bi niȝte and eke bi day,</p> +<p>That hy beth fendes ifere.’</p> +</div> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz25" id = "notes_stz25" +href = "#stanza25">St. 25</a></h5> + +<p>p. 10, <a name = "note265" id = "note265" href = "#line265">l. 265 +f.</a> The reading of these two lines is quite destroyed by the careless +scribe. My correction is not more than an attempt to restore the +rhyme.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz26" id = "notes_stz26" +href = "#stanza26">St. 26</a></h5> + +<p>p. 10, <a name = "note277" id = "note277" href = "#line275">l. 277 +ff.</a> There is nothing in Torrent’s words which could lead the +princess to a conclusion like that. I think that after <a href = +"#line275">l. 276</a> one stanza is wanting.</p> + +<p>p. 11, <a name = "note286" id = "note286" href = "#line285">l. +286-8</a>. As to the contents of these lines, Kölbing refers me to +<i>Englische studien</i>, vol. IV. p. 133 f., where F. Liebrecht +mentions a passage in <i>Sir Beves of Hamtoun</i>, according to which a +king’s daughter,—if she is a pure virgin,—can never be hurt +by a lion. Here we have another proof for this remarkable bit of +folk-lore.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz27" id = "notes_stz27" +href = "#stanza27">St. 27</a></h5> + +<p>p. 11, <a name = "note292" id = "note292" href = "#line290">l. +292</a> = <a href = "#line330">l. 329</a>.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz28" id = "notes_stz28" +href = "#stanza28">St. 28</a></h5> + +<p>p. 11, <a name = "note303" id = "note303" href = "#line300">l. +303</a> = <a href = "#line340">l. 342</a>.</p> + +<p>p. 11, <a name = "note305" id = "note305" href = "#line305">l. +305</a>. I am not quite sure whether I was right in substituting the +prince’s name—which is mentioned once more, the first time, as it +were, <a href = "#line340">l. 341</a>—for the name of his father’s +kingdom; but I didn’t see any other way of restoring the rhyme.</p> + +<p>p. 12, <a name = "note311" id = "note311" href = "#line310">l. +311</a>. Cf. <a href = "#line470">l. 469</a> and Skeat’s note to <i>Sir +Thopas</i>, l. 1927.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz30" id = "notes_stz30" +href = "#stanza30">St. 30</a></h5> + +<p>p. 12, <a name = "note334" id = "note334" href = "#line335">l. +334</a>. Instead of <i>he</i> I should prefer to read <i>they</i>: +Torrent has just admonished the prisoners to cheer up.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz31" id = "notes_stz31" +href = "#stanza31">St. 31</a></h5> + +<p>p. 13, <a name = "note344" id = "note344" href = "#line345">l. +344</a>. There must be something wrong in this line, because the name of +the third Earl’s son is missing; to write <i>the third</i> instead of +<i>of</i> may not suffice to put the text right; even the names +<i>Torren</i> and <i>Berweyne</i> seem to me very suspicious.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz34" id = "notes_stz34" +href = "#stanza34">St. 34</a></h5> + +<p>p. 14, <a name = "note379" id = "note379" href = "#line380">l. +379</a>. Cf. <i>Ipomadon</i>, l. 4245, <i>for Crystys dede</i>; +<i>Crystys</i> was substituted by Kölbing for <i>mannes</i>, which is +clearly wrong; he could as well have chosen <i>godes</i>.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz35" id = "notes_stz35" +href = "#stanza35">St. 35</a></h5> + +<p>p. 15, <a name = "note393" id = "note393" href = "#line390">l. 393 +ff.</a> Cf. Kölbing’s note to <i>Tristrem</i>, l. 736.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz38" id = "notes_stz38" +href = "#stanza38">St. 38</a></h5> + +<p>p. 16, <a name = "note427" id = "note427" href = "#line425">l. +427</a>. Of this allusion to Veland, Halliwell treats in his +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page104" id = "page104">104</a></span> +edition of <i>Sir Torrent</i>, p. vii f. Cf. Zupitza, <i>Ein +zeugnis für die Wieland-sage</i>, <i>Zeitschrift für deutsches +Alterthum</i>, Vol. XIX, p. 129 f.</p> + +<p>p. 16, <a name = "note429" id = "note429" href = "#line430">l. +429-31</a>. The line which follows l. 429 in the MS. is superfluous; it +damages the metre; and the rhyme with l. 430 won’t do. The old king +wishes to say; ‘I have seen the day when, if this sword wielded by +me fell on any one, he was considered done for, doomed to death.’ +Therefore l. 431, <i>I fawght therfor I told</i> has been corrected +into <i>Fawe they were I-told</i>. The scribe did not understand the +obsolescent word <i>fawe</i> or <i>faye</i>, so he wrote the nearest +word to it to make sense, <i>I-told</i> = ‘held, considered.’—<ins +class = "correction" title = "error for ‘J.’ (Joseph)?">I.</ins> +Hall.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz41" id = "notes_stz41" +href = "#stanza41">St. 41</a></h5> + +<p>p. 17, <a name = "note458" id = "note458" href = "#line455">l. +458</a>. Cf. Breul’s note to <i>Sir Gowther</i>, l. 410.</p> + +<p>p. 17, <a name = "note465" id = "note465" href = "#line465">l. +465</a>. Cf. <a href = "#line2060">l. 2061 f.</a></p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz48" id = "notes_stz48" +href = "#stanza48">St. 48</a></h5> + +<p>p. 20, <a name = "note542" id = "note542" href = "#line540">l. +542</a>. The scribe, who evidently didn’t know the pretty rare word +<i>clow</i>, has spoilt it to <i>colod</i>, or <i>colvd</i>; the same +rhyme, <i>clouȝ</i>, <i>drouȝ</i>, <i>anouȝ</i> occurs in <i>Sir +Tristrem</i>, l. 1761 ff. Nor did the scribe know the word <i>swowe</i> += ‘noise,’ and changed it to <i>swayne</i>; cf. Hall. Dict., +p. 843: <i>He come to him with a swowe</i>.</p> + +<p>p. 20, <a name = "note543" id = "note543" href = "#line540">l. +543</a>. <i>Of and on</i>, off and on, intermittently.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz49" id = "notes_stz49" +href = "#stanza49">St. 49</a></h5> + +<p>p. <ins class = "correction" title = "text has . for ,">21,</ins> +<a href = "#line555">l. 555</a>. <i>schyld</i> is not to the point here, +Torrent having only his sword at hand. The scribe has forgotten what he +has said himself, <a href = "#line525">l. 526</a> and <a href = +"#line550">549</a>; cf. <a href = "#line650">l. 652</a>.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz51" id = "notes_stz51" +href = "#stanza51">St. 51</a></h5> + +<p>p. 21, <a name = "note582" id = "note582" href = "#line580">l. +582-4</a>. We meet with this description twice more in the poem, <a href += "#line1515">ll. 1514-16</a>, and <a href = "#line1855">ll. +1858-60</a>.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz56" id = "notes_stz56" +href = "#stanza56">St. 56</a></h5> + +<p>p. 23, <a name = "note640" id = "note640" href = "#line640">l. +640</a>. On the meaning of <i>theff</i>, cf. Kölbing’s note to <i>Am. +and Amil.</i>, l. 787.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz58" id = "notes_stz58" +href = "#stanza58">St. 58</a></h5> + +<p>p. 24, <a name = "note659" id = "note659" href = "#line660">l. +659</a>. <i>of Perowne</i> is certainly wrong, as it does not agree with +the rhymes <i>stere</i>, <i>nere</i>, <i>fere</i>; but I don’t know how +to amend the line.</p> + +<p>p. 24, <a name = "note662" id = "note662" href = "#line660">l. +662</a>. <i>schere</i> gives no meaning; I write <i>stere</i> and +translate, There might nobody move further, <i>i.e.</i> the giant was +brought to a standstill in the glen.</p> + +<p>p. 24, <a name = "note665" id = "note665" href = "#line665">l. +665</a>. Cf. <a href = "#line435">ll. 434</a>, <a href = +"#line790">791</a>.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz60" id = "notes_stz60" +href = "#stanza60">St. 60</a></h5> + +<p>p. 25, <a name = "note688" id = "note688" href = "#line685">l. +688</a>. Cf. <i>Eglam.</i>, l. 324:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘And to [the] herte hym bare.’</p> + +<p>The weak preterit tense of <i>berien</i> is very rare; if <i>bere</i> += A.S. <i>beran</i> sometimes has the same meaning, <i>i.e.</i> ‘to +strike,’ the reason is that A.S. <i>beran</i> and Icel. <i>berja</i> are +confounded.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz61" id = "notes_stz61" +href = "#stanza61">St. 61</a></h5> + +<p>p. 25, <a name = "note696" id = "note696" href = "#line695">l. +696</a>. <i>woo</i> can hardly stand for <i>wood</i>. It seems to me +like a last corruption of an old romance phrase, like <i>worthy inwith +wall (woȝe)</i>; possibly the line was simply so: <i>Thus in II journeys +Torrent so</i>.—Hall.</p> + +<p>p. 25, <a name = "note700" id = "note700" href = "#line700">l. +700</a>. On the use of M.E. <i>fote</i> as a plural see Zupitza’s note +to <i>Guy</i>, l. 598.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz63" id = "notes_stz63" +href = "#stanza63">St. 63</a></h5> + +<p>p. 26, <a name = "note722" id = "note722" href = "#line720">l. +722</a>. Hall suggests, the original phrase may have been: <i>pomely +whyt and grey</i>; cf. Chaucer, <i>C. T.</i>, Prol., l. +615 f.:</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>‘This reeve sat vpon a ful good stot,</p> +<p>That was al <i>pomely gray</i>, and highte Scot.’</p> +</div> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page105" id = "page105">105</a></span> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz65" id = "notes_stz65" +href = "#stanza65">St. 65</a></h5> + +<p>p. 27, <a name = "note744" id = "note744" href = "#line745">l. +744</a>. Cf. <a href = "#line785">l. 788</a>. On <i>St. James</i> cf. +Kölbing’s note to <i>Am. and Amil.</i>, l. 796.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz70" id = "notes_stz70" +href = "#stanza70">St. 70</a></h5> + +<p>p. 29, <a name = "note808" id = "note808" href = "#line805">l. 808 +f.</a> ‘In so dangerous conditions he has been before [and still come +back safe], so he will come back even this time.’</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz71" id = "notes_stz71" +href = "#stanza71">St. 71</a></h5> + +<p>p. 29, <a name = "note819" id = "note819" href = "#line820">l. +819</a>. On the meaning of the phrase ’<i>the bord beginne</i><ins class += "correction" title = "close quote missing">,’</ins> cf. Kölbing, +<i>Englische studien</i>, III. p. 104, and Zupitza, <i>Anglia</i>, +III. p. 370 f.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz73" id = "notes_stz73" +href = "#stanza73">St. 73</a></h5> + +<p>p. 30, <a name = "note838" id = "note838" href = "#line835">l. +838</a>. This stanza being incomplete, I think, the lacuna is to be put +after l. 838. The missing three lines contained the fact, that the king +promises Torrent, before his knights, that, when he has done this deed, +he will give him his daughter, and grant him one half of his kingdom +during his life, and the whole afterwards; cf. <a href = "#line1205">l. +1206 ff.</a> The odd number of XXVII knights is probably due only to the +scribe; cf. <a href = "#fragIII">F. III</a>: <i>By VII score of hardy +knyghtes</i>.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz76" id = "notes_stz76" +href = "#stanza76">St. 76</a></h5> + +<p>p. 31, <a name = "note867" id = "note867" href = "#line865">l. 867 +f.</a> These two lines are poor, and the rhyme is very bad; l. 868 may +have run originally, <i>Thurrow Pervyns, for sothe, it ley</i>; cf. +<a href = "#line950">l. 949</a>.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz78" id = "notes_stz78" +href = "#stanza78">St. 78</a></h5> + +<p>p. 32, <a name = "note901" id = "note901" href = "#line900">l. +901</a>. <i>squyere</i>, although very odd at the first sight, may still +be right; Torrent says: ‘The only squier that I took with me for this +journey, is my sword’; cf. <a href = "#line910">l. 909</a>.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz80" id = "notes_stz80" +href = "#stanza80">St. 80</a></h5> + +<p>p. 33, <a name = "note922" id = "note922" href = "#line920">l. +922</a>. Cf. Kölbing’s note to <i>Ipomadon</i>, l. 3344.</p> + +<p>p. 33, <a name = "note924" id = "note924" href = "#line925">l. +924-6</a>. On the story of a child, begotten by a devil on a sleeping +woman, cf. Breul, <i>Sir Gowther</i>, p. 119 f.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz83" id = "notes_stz83" +href = "#stanza83">St. 83</a></h5> + +<p>p. 34, <a name = "note954" id = "note954" href = "#line955">l. 954 +ff.</a> Cf. <i>Tristrem</i>, l. 1409 ff.:</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>‘Out of Deuelin toun</p> +<p>Þe folk wel fast ran,</p> +<p>In a water to droun,</p> +<p>So ferd were þai þan.’</p> +</div> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz84" id = "notes_stz84" +href = "#stanza84">St. 84</a></h5> + +<p>p. 34, <a name = "note963" id = "note963" href = "#line960">l. 963 +f.</a> Cf. <i>Beves of Hamtoun</i>, l. 187 f.:</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>‘Madame, a seide, for loue myn,</p> +<p>Whar mai ich finde þat wilde swin?’</p> +</div> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz87" id = "notes_stz87" +href = "#stanza87">St. 87</a></h5> + +<p>p. 36, <a name = "note1000" id = "note1000" href = "#line1000">l. +1000</a>. Instead of <i>spere</i> perhaps we ought to read +<i>sworde</i>.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz89" id = "notes_stz89" +href = "#stanza89">St. 89</a></h5> + +<p>p. 37, <a name = "note1030" id = "note1030" href = "#line1030">l. +1030 f.</a> If we compare the rests of these lines in <a href = +"#fragVI">F. VI</a>., this reading or a similar one is to be expected. +The reading of l. 1029 ff. in the fragments may be completed so: +<i>[Thourgh the he]lpe of god of heuen Thorough ye and] herin euen God +send the spere the right way</i>.</p> + +<p>p. 36, <a name = "note1033" id = "note1033" href = "#line1030">l. +1033 f.</a> Cf. <a href = "#line1165">ll. 1166</a>, <a href = +"#line2465">2468 f.</a>, and Kölbing’s note to <i>Sir Tristrem</i>, l. +69 f.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz92" id = "notes_stz92" +href = "#stanza92">St. 92</a></h5> + +<p>p. 38, <a name = "note1070" id = "note1070" href = "#line1070">l. +1070</a>. ‘I came hither to seek my death,’ <i>i.e.</i> this expedition +was so dangerous, that I expected to die.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz93" id = "notes_stz93" +href = "#stanza93">St. 93</a></h5> + +<p>p. 38, <a name = "note1076" id = "note1076" href = "#line1075">l. +1076</a>. Cf. <i>Ipomadon</i>, l. 239 f.:</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>‘Tyll vncovth contreys will I wende,</p> +<p>The maner wille I see.’</p> +</div> + +<p>p. 39, <a name = "note1081" id = "note1081" href = "#line1080">l. +1081</a>. <i>is</i> was to be corrected into <i>it</i>: ‘Because you +slew him that possessed it.’</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz94" id = "notes_stz94" +href = "#stanza94">St. 94</a></h5> + +<p>p. 39, <a name = "note1086" id = "note1086" href = "#line1085">l. +1086</a>. This line, according to Hall’s emendation, means: You owe no +homage or feudal due, the manor is yours and your heirs’ +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page106" id = "page106">106</a></span> +for ever; <i>i.e.</i> the manor is in fee simple, and free from any +feudal obligation.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz95" id = "notes_stz95" +href = "#stanza95">St. 95</a></h5> + +<p>p. 39, <a href = "#stanza95">st. 95</a>. The text would be improved +by putting <a href = "#line1105">ll. 1104-6</a> before 1101-3, although +this transposition is not absolutely necessary.</p> + +<p>p. 39, <a name = "note1105" id = "note1105" href = "#line1105">l. +1105</a>. <i>lefte</i> may be a mistake for <i>loste</i>; cf. +<i>Gower</i>, I. 207:</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>‘Contenaunce for a þrowe</p> +<p>He loste.’</p> +</div> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz96" id = "notes_stz96" +href = "#stanza96">St. 96</a></h5> + +<p>p. 40, <a name = "note1117" id = "note1117" href = "#line1115">l. +1117</a>. Cf. Ritson’s <i>Met. Rom.</i>, III. p. 341 f., and Zupitza’s +note to <i>Guy</i>, l. 436.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz97" id = "notes_stz97" +href = "#stanza97">St. 97</a></h5> + +<p>p. 40, <a name = "note1121" id = "note1121" href = "#line1120">l. +1121</a>. <i>he bare</i> looks rather suspicious, but it is supported by +<a href = "#line2170">l. 2169</a>. The author is about to describe the +figures inlaid on the shield. Cf. <i>Eglamour</i>, l. 1030 f.:</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>’<i>He bare</i> in azure<a class = "tag" name = "tagN1" id = "tagN1" +href = "#noteN1">1</a> a grype of golde,</p> +<p>Rychely beton on the molde.’</p> +</div> + +<p>p. 40, <a name = "note1124" id = "note1124" href = "#line1125">l. +1124</a>. This line is hopelessly spoilt; the scribe, careless as he +was, has almost literally repeated <a href = "#line1120">l. 1121</a>; l. +1125 directly continues the description begun before.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz98" id = "notes_stz98" +href = "#stanza98">St. 98</a></h5> + +<p>p. 40, <a name = "note1132" id = "note1132" href = "#line1130">l. +1132</a>. Is <i>than I haue in tale</i> right? We expect rather: <i>than +I can telle in tale</i>.</p> + +<p>p. 41, <a name = "note1138" id = "note1138" href = "#line1135">l. +1138 f.</a> Cf. <a href = "#line1585">l. 1587 f.</a></p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz99" id = "notes_stz99" +href = "#stanza99">St. 99</a></h5> + +<p>p. 41, <a name = "note1143" id = "note1143" href = "#line1140">l. +1143</a>. I thought it necessary to insert <i>mete</i>, although +Mätzner, <i>Wörterbuch</i>, II. p. 274, cites this line as the only +instance in the M.E. literature for <i>glad</i> as a substantive. But +even the sense is very poor without this addition.</p> + +<p>p. 41, <a name = "note1144" id = "note1144" href = "#line1145">l. +1144</a>. As to a man riding into the hall, cf. Skeat’s note to +Chaucer’s <i>Squiere’s Tale</i>, l. 80, and Kölbing’s note to +<i>Ipomadon</i>, l. 6253 f.</p> + +<p>p. 41, <a name = "note1150" id = "note1150" href = "#line1150">l. +1150 f.</a> I hope my alterations in l. 1151 are right. It cannot be +said that the King of Aragon defends the lady unless somebody has laid +claims to her. Torrent wants either three combats or the lady, quite a +regular occurrence in mediæval romances.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz100" id = "notes_stz100" +href = "#stanza100">St. 100</a></h5> + +<p>p. 41, <a name = "note1154" id = "note1154" href = "#line1155">l. +1154</a>. <i>none</i>, i.e. <i>no lady</i>.</p> + +<p>p. 41, <a name = "note1160" id = "note1160" href = "#line1160">l. +1160</a>. Cf. Kölbing’s note to <i>Tristrem</i>, l. 138.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz101" id = "notes_stz101" +href = "#stanza101">St. 101</a></h5> + +<p>p. 41, <a name = "note1165" id = "note1165" href = "#line1165">l. +1165</a>. <i>the gres</i>, which word is here required by the rhyme, is, +in the same way as in this passage, used for ‘battle-field,’ in +<i>Perceval</i>, l. 1225 f.:</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>‘Hedes and helmys ther was,</p> +<p>I telle ȝow withowttene lese,</p> +<p>Many layde <i>one the gresse</i>,</p> +<p>And many brode schelde.’</p> +</div> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz102" id = "notes_stz102" +href = "#stanza102">St. 102</a></h5> + +<p>p. 42, <a name = "note1181" id = "note1181" href = "#line1180">l. +1181</a>. <i>For tynding of his hand</i> = for fear of +(= <i>for</i>) the beating (blows) of his hand. Schoolboy slang +still keeps the word ’<i>to tund</i>’ = to beat with something +flat.—<span class = "smallcaps">Hall.</span></p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz103" id = "notes_stz103" +href = "#stanza103">St. 103</a></h5> + +<p>p. 42, <a name = "note1193" id = "note1193" href = "#line1190">l. +1193</a>. On this expression Skeat treats in <i>Notes to P. Pl.</i>, +p. 3987, to which note I refer the reader. Cf. <i>Li B. Disc.</i>, +<ins class = "correction" title = ". missing">l.</ins> 130 f. (Ritson, +<i>Rom.</i> II. p. 6):</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>‘Hys schon wer with gold ydyght</p> +<p>And <i>kopeth</i> as a knyght.’</p> +</div> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page107" id = "page107">107</a></span> +<p>p. 43, <a name = "note1198" id = "note1198" href = "#line1195">l. +1198 f.</a>: ‘None of them said a single word, But that Torrent had been +right to do so as he had done.’</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz104" id = "notes_stz104" +href = "#stanza104">St. 104</a></h5> + +<p>p. 43, <a name = "note1211" id = "note1211" href = "#line1210">l. +1211</a>. There is an evident contradiction between this line and +<a href = "#line1200">l. 1199</a>. I suppose the word <i>waried</i> to +be wrong; but I am not able to give a fairly certain emendation +of it.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz106" id = "notes_stz106" +href = "#stanza106">St. 106</a></h5> + +<p>p. 44, <a name = "note1228" id = "note1228" href = "#line1225">l. +1228 f.</a>: ‘The king had supposed he was dead, and, indeed, foolhardy +he was to undertake an adventure like this.’</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz109" id = "notes_stz109" +href = "#stanza109">St. 109</a></h5> + +<p>p. 45, <a name = "note1268" id = "note1268" href = "#line1265">l. +1268 f.</a> This fight between the giant Cate and Torrent reminds us in +some points of the combat between Guy and Colbrond. Like the old +northern <i>holmganga</i>, both fights take place on an island, and in +both cases the giant declines to sit on horseback, because he is too +heavy; cf. <i>Guy of Warwike</i>, Edinburgh, 1840, l. 9940 ff.:</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>‘When þai had sworn and ostage founde,</p> +<p>Colbrond stirt vp in þat stounde,</p> +<p>To fiȝt he was ful felle.</p> +<p>He was so michel and so vnrede,</p> +<p>That no hors miȝt him lede,</p> +<p>In gest as y you telle.</p> +<p>So mani he hadde of armes gere,</p> +<p>Vnneþe a cart miȝt hem bere,</p> +<p>Þe Inglisse for to quelle.’</p> +</div> + +<p>p. 45, <a name = "note1270" id = "note1270" href = "#line1270">l. +1270</a>. <i>he</i> instead of <i>him</i> is remarkable; this personal +construction, provided that it is right, would offer an analogue to <i>I +am wo</i> instead of <i>me is wo</i>; cf. Kölbing’s note to +<i>Tristrem</i>, l. 245.</p> + +<p>p. 45, <a name = "note1271" id = "note1271" href = "#line1270">l. +1271</a> = <a href = "#line1545">l. 1546</a>.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz113" id = "notes_stz113" +href = "#stanza113">St. 113</a></h5> + +<p>p. 46, <a name = "note1307" id = "note1307" href = "#line1305">l. +1307</a>. This line ought probably to run thus:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +’<i>Sir Torent praid, as was his wonne.</i>’</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz115" id = "notes_stz115" +href = "#stanza115">St. 115</a></h5> + +<p>p. 47, <a name = "note1337" id = "note1337" href = "#line1335">l. +1337 f.</a> This is <span class = "smallroman">SAINT</span> <i>Nycholas +de Barr</i>, not sir N., as the copyist has put. He was hardly a cleric, +or he would have known the Boy Bishop. An English reference for +S. Nicholas is Alban Butler, <i>Lives of the Fathers, Martyrs</i>, +etc., vol. vii. p. 989, Dublin, 1833. His day is Dec. 6th, +consequently he is not in <i>Acta Sanctorum</i>; see besides +<i>Altenglische legenden, Neue folge</i>, ed. Horstmann, Heilbronn, +1881, p. 11-16, and Barbour’s <i>Legendensammlung</i>, ed. Horstmann, I. +p. 229-245. <i>Barr</i> is <i>Bari</i> in Italy, and Barbour, I. +p. 238, l. 601 f., knew it was two syllables (cf. the rhyme <i>þame +be: Barre</i>). Nicholas was the patron of sailors, and churches on the +sea-coast in all parts of Europe were dedicated to him. Now as Sir +Torrent had been in peril at sea, he offers to him. It was customary to +offer garments at such shrines. See Hampson, <i>Medii Ævi +Kalendarium</i>, I. p. 72. Hence I propose for l. 1338: +<i>A grett Erldome and a simarr</i>. <i>Simarr</i> is not a common +word, which makes it all the more probable here, since the uncommon +words are those which are corrupted and lost. See <i>Prompt. Parv.</i>, +I. p. 75: ’<i>chymer, abella</i>,’ that is ‘abolla, cloak.’ M.E. +<i>simar</i>, Fr. <i>simarre</i>.—<span class = +"smallcaps">Hall.</span> I have not hesitated for a moment to introduce +this sagacious conjecture into the text; also the correction of +<i>redith</i> into <i>tas</i> I owe to Mr. Hall.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz116" id = "notes_stz116" +href = "#stanza116">St. 116</a></h5> + +<p>p. 48, <a name = "note1353" id = "note1353" href = "#line1350">l. +1353</a>. Cf. Kölbing’s note to <i>Sir Tristrem</i>, l. 2508.</p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page108" id = "page108">108</a></span> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz117" id = "notes_stz117" +href = "#stanza117">St. 117</a></h5> + +<p>p. 48, <a name = "note1364" id = "note1364" href = "#line1365">l. +1364</a>. We ought probably to read <i>she</i> instead of <i>he</i>.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz118" id = "notes_stz118" +href = "#stanza118">St. 118</a></h5> + +<p>p. 48, <a name = "note1367" id = "note1367" href = "#line1365">l. +1367 f.</a> Cf. <a href = "#line1755">l. 1756 f.</a></p> + +<p>p. 48, <a name = "note1378" id = "note1378" href = "#line1375">l. +1378</a>. Cf. <i>Sir Tristrem</i>, l. 2458:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘Bi holtes and bi hille.’</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz119" id = "notes_stz119" +href = "#stanza119">St. 119</a></h5> + +<p>p. 49, <a name = "note1385" id = "note1385" href = "#line1385">l. +1385 ff.</a> Here he addresses the King of Portugal. In l. 1385 +<i>the</i> is superfluous, and should perhaps be struck out.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz120" id = "notes_stz120" +href = "#stanza120">St. 120</a></h5> + +<p>p. 49, <a name = "note1395" id = "note1395" href = "#line1395">l. +1395</a>. <i>fend</i> = <i>defend</i>; cf. Zupitza’s note to <i>Guy</i>, +l. 576.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz124" id = "notes_stz124" +href = "#stanza124">St. 124</a></h5> + +<p>p. 51, <a name = "note1443" id = "note1443" href = "#line1440">l. +1443 f.</a> As the existence of <i>fede</i> = <i>fode</i>, ‘fellow’ is +proved by no other passage, we ought perhaps to write <i>As spede me +god: ffode</i>, or <i>As g. me save: knave</i>, instead of <i>As god me +spede: ffede</i>.</p> + +<p>p. 51, <a name = "note1445" id = "note1445" href = "#line1445">l. +1445</a>. The alteration of <i>fleand</i>, which is absurd here, into +<i>failand</i> is supported by <a href = "#line1280">l. 1280</a>.</p> + +<p>p. 51, <a name = "note1446" id = "note1446" href = "#line1445">l. +1446</a>. As to <i>make</i> instead of <i>made</i>, cf. <a href = +"#line330">l. 332</a>.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz126" id = "notes_stz126" +href = "#stanza126">St. 126</a></h5> + +<p>p. 51, <a name = "note1463" id = "note1463" href = "#line1460">l. +1463</a>. Cf. <a href = "#line2090">l. 2090 f.</a> I am afraid neither +of these passages is quite right.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz131" id = "notes_stz131" +href = "#stanza131">St. 131</a></h5> + +<p>p. 53, <a name = "note1518" id = "note1518" href = "#line1515">l. +1518</a>. Perhaps we ought to read:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘And out of the valey he hyd swith.’</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz132" id = "notes_stz132" +href = "#stanza132">St. 132</a></h5> + +<p>p. 54, <a name = "note1531" id = "note1531" href = "#line1530">l. +1531</a>. I don’t believe that the poet used the word <i>tree</i> thrice +within these four lines; perhaps he wrote for l. 1531: <i>Shold not +drawe it, parde</i>.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz134" id = "notes_stz134" +href = "#stanza134">St. 134</a></h5> + +<p>p. 54, <a name = "note1551" id = "note1551" href = "#line1550">l. +1551</a>. Cf. <i>Guy</i>, ed. Zupitza, l. 5430:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘To reste þer horsys a lytull wyght,’</p> + +<p>and Zupitza’s note to l. 419.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz135" id = "notes_stz135" +href = "#stanza135">St. 135</a></h5> + +<p>p. 55, <a name = "note1570" id = "note1570" href = "#line1570">l. +1570</a>. Cf. Stratmann’s note to <i>Havelok</i>, l. 1129 (<i>Englische +studien</i>, I. p. 424).</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz137" id = "notes_stz137" +href = "#stanza137">St. 137</a></h5> + +<p>p. 56, <a name = "note1592" id = "note1592" href = "#line1590">l. +1592</a>. <i>To the I haue full good gate</i> means, ‘I am fully +entitled to kill you.’ I don’t recollect to have met with any +parallel passage.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz138" id = "notes_stz138" +href = "#stanza138">St. 138</a></h5> + +<p>p. 56, <a name = "note1600" id = "note1600" href = "#line1600">l. +1600</a>. That <i>dynt</i> is wrong, the rhyme shows as well as the +meaning. But whether my alteration is right, seems very doubtful, +especially as <a href = "#line1610">l. 1609</a> offers the same rhyming +word.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz142" id = "notes_stz142" +href = "#stanza142">St. 142</a></h5> + +<p>p. 58, <a href = "#stanza142">st. 142</a>. Rhymes like <i>dight</i>, +<i>be-taught</i>, <i>draught</i>, <i>right</i> can by no means be +admitted. Now, instead of <i>be-taught</i> we may be allowed to write +<i>be-teighte</i> (cf. <i>Beket</i>, l. 1827), and <a href = +"#line1655">l. 1654</a> may have run:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘He wold haue a draught, aplight.’</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz144" id = "notes_stz144" +href = "#stanza144">St. 144</a></h5> + +<p>p. 59, <a name = "note1676" id = "note1676" href = "#line1675">l. +1676</a>. After <i>was</i>, <i>sent</i> may have been dropped.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz145" id = "notes_stz145" +href = "#stanza145">St. 145</a></h5> + +<p>p. 59, <a name = "note1692" id = "note1692" href = "#line1690">l. +1692</a>. <i>For his love</i>, i.e. ‘As his sweetheart.’</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz148" id = "notes_stz148" +href = "#stanza148">St. 148</a></h5> + +<p>p. 60, <a name = "note1714" id = "note1714" href = "#line1715">l. +1714</a>. Cf. <i>Ipomadon</i>, l. 52:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘Begge he wex of bonne and blode.’</p> + +<p><i>Ib.</i> l. 1763:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘Ryghtte bygge of bone and blode.’</p> + +<p>p. 60, <a name = "note1722" id = "note1722" href = "#line1720">l. +1722</a>: ‘All his men agreed with him,’ viz. that this was the knight +whom he came to seek.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz152" id = "notes_stz152" +href = "#stanza152">St. 152</a></h5> + +<p>p. 62, <a name = "note1774" id = "note1774" href = "#line1775">l. +1774</a>. Is <i>her day</i> = A.S. <i>aerdagas</i>, cf. <i>Havelok</i>, +l. 27? The word is very rare, and in this meaning occurs only in the +plural.</p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page109" id = "page109">109</a></span> +<p>p. 62, <a name = "note1777" id = "note1777" href = "#line1775">l. +1777</a>. After <i>king</i>, <i>on kne</i> may have dropped out.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz155" id = "notes_stz155" +href = "#stanza155">St. 155</a></h5> + +<p>p. 63, <a name = "note1799" id = "note1799" href = "#line1800">l. +1799</a>. Cf. Chaucer, <i>C. T.</i>, the Millere’s Tale, l. 325:</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>‘Say what thou wolt, I schal it never telle</p> +<p>To child <ins class = "correction" title = +"text unchanged: expected form is ‘ne’">no</ins> +wyf, by him that harwed helle.’</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Ib.</i>, The Sompnoure’s Tale, l. 407:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘Now help, Thomas, for him that harewed helle.’</p> + +<p>Perhaps even here, <a href = "#line1700">l. 1702</a>, <i>Iesu, that +made hell</i>, ought to be altered into <i>I. that harowde hell</i>.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz159" id = "notes_stz159" +href = "#stanza159">St. 159</a></h5> + +<p>p. 64, <a name = "note1846" id = "note1846" href = "#line1845">l. +1846</a>. Perhaps we ought to read <i>ebbyng</i> instead of <i>eb</i>, +according to <a href = "#line220">l. 223</a>; one can hardly say, that +‘the sea is eb.’</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz169" id = "notes_stz169" +href = "#stanza169">St. 169</a></h5> + +<p>p. 68, <a name = "note1961" id = "note1961" href = "#line1960">l. +1961</a>. Instead of <i>A</i> I should prefer to read <i>The</i>, +because this griffon is the same which robbed the child before.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz171" id = "notes_stz171" +href = "#stanza171">St. 171</a></h5> + +<p>p. 69, <a name = "note1982" id = "note1982" href = "#line1980">l. +1982</a>. <i>Of what lond that he is left</i>, i.e. ‘Wherever he may be +born.’</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz172" id = "notes_stz172" +href = "#stanza172">St. 172</a></h5> + +<p>p. 69, <a name = "note1991" id = "note1991" href = "#line1990">l. +1991 f.</a> Cf. <i>Ipomadon</i>, l. 50 f.:</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>‘He sayd: Fro tyme he kepe tham con,</p> +<p>My landes I shall hym take.’</p> +</div> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz173" id = "notes_stz173" +href = "#stanza173">St. 173</a></h5> + +<p>p. 70, <a name = "note2002" id = "note2002" href = "#line2000">l. +2002</a>. <i>It is good in euery fight</i>, i.e. there is a stone in the +ring which heals wounds, if they are touched with it; cf. Kölbing’s note +to <i>Ipomadon</i>, l. 8018.</p> + +<p>p. 70, <a name = "note2010" id = "note2010" href = "#line2010"><ins +class = "correction" title = "word ‘l.’ missing">l.</ins> 2010</a>. +Halliwell, p. 306, explains <i>disparlid</i> by ‘beaten down, +destroyed,’ a meaning which is not fit for this passage. +I read with a slight addition <i>disparplid</i> = ‘dispersed,’ +a rare word; cf. <i>Stratmann</i>, p. 156.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz175" id = "notes_stz175" +href = "#stanza175">St. 175</a></h5> + +<p>p. 71, <a name = "note2026" id = "note2026" href = "#line2025">l. +2026</a>. <i>But</i> is probably to be altered into <i>And</i>.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz178" id = "notes_stz178" +href = "#stanza178">St. 178</a></h5> + +<p>p. 72, <a name = "note2053" id = "note2053" href = "#line2050">l. +2053</a>. Cf. Kölbing’s note to <i>Tristrem</i>, l. 3068.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz180" id = "notes_stz180" +href = "#stanza180">St. 180</a></h5> + +<p>p. 72, <a name = "note2075" id = "note2075" href = "#line2075">l. +2075</a>. One might be inclined to write:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘That my two children vncrystonyd ware,’</p> + +<p>but I don’t think that we are obliged to change: ‘I cared only for +that one thing, That my two children might be christened.’</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz184" id = "notes_stz184" +href = "#stanza184">St. 184</a></h5> + +<p>p. 74, <a name = "note2126" id = "note2126" href = "#line2125">l. +2126</a>. For <i>hing</i> instead of <i>heng</i> cf. Mätzner, +<i>Sprachproben</i>, I. 1, p. 292, note to line 675, where +<i>hynges</i> rhymes with <i>springes</i>.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz185" id = "notes_stz185" +href = "#stanza185">St. 185</a></h5> + +<p>p. 74, <a name = "note2135" id = "note2135" href = "#line2135">l. +2135</a>. <i>hede vale</i>, i.e. principal, best choice; <i>vale</i> = +<i>wale</i>, or perhaps aphetic for <i>avale</i> = value.—<span +class = "smallcaps">Hall.</span></p> + +<p>p. 74, <a name = "note2138" id = "note2138" href = "#line2135">l. +2138</a>. <i>born</i> seems to me somewhat suspicious, though I cannot +propose a better reading; <i>and torn</i> instead of <i>born</i> +wouldn’t do.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz186" id = "notes_stz186" +href = "#stanza186">St. 186</a></h5> + +<p>p. 75, <a name = "note2152" id = "note2152" href = "#line2150">l. +2152</a>. The imperfect rhyme shows that there is something wrong in +this line; it may be restored thus:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘Loo, lordys good and hende.’</p> + +<p>p. 75, <a name = "note2153" id = "note2153" href = "#line2150">l. +2153</a>. <i>wyll haue</i> has probably been inserted here from the +following line; we ought to read <i>has</i>.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz187" id = "notes_stz187" +href = "#stanza187">St. 187</a></h5> + +<p>p. 75, <a name = "note2157" id = "note2157" href = "#line2155">l. +2157</a>. <i>Season for to hold</i>, i.e. ‘in order to hold court.’ But +I don’t know another instance of <i>season</i> with this meaning.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz188" id = "notes_stz188" +href = "#stanza188">St. 188</a></h5> + +<p>p. 76, <a name = "note2174" id = "note2174" href = "#line2175">l. +2174</a>. This line involves a contradiction to <a href = "#line2155">l. +2158 f.</a></p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page110" id = "page110">110</a></span> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz189" id = "notes_stz189" +href = "#stanza189">St. 189</a></h5> + +<p>p. 76, <a name = "note2185" id = "note2185" href = "#line2185">l. +2185</a>. <i>smote</i> means the same as <i>caste</i>; cf. <i>King +Horn</i>, ed. Wissmann, l. 1038:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘And ankere gunne caste.’</p> + +<p>The only question is, whether <i>ankere</i> is allowed to be supplied +or must be added; cf. <a href = "#line2200">l. 2203</a>.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz191" id = "notes_stz191" +href = "#stanza191">St. 191</a></h5> + +<p>p. 77, <a name = "note2209" id = "note2209" href = "#line2210">l. +2209-2214</a>. The Sultan informs Torrent by messengers, that the +inhabitants of the town are starving, evidently appealing to his +generosity. Torrent answers him, that if they will lie here, <i>i.e.</i> +leave the town, they are to have victuals enough. But the Sultan doesn’t +accept this condition, and so the siege is continued. That seems to me +to be the meaning of this half of the stanza.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz192" id = "notes_stz192" +href = "#stanza192">St. 192</a></h5> + +<p>p. 77, <a name = "note2216" id = "note2216" href = "#line2215">l. +2216 f.</a> <i>dede</i> means here, and <a href = "#line2400">l. +2400</a>, ‘exploit, battle.’ In the same way Saber, Beves’s uncle, once +a year on a certain day fights against the Emperor; cf. <i>Sir +Beues</i>, l. 2917 ff.:</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>’& eueri ȝer on a dai certaine</p> +<p>Vpon þemperur of Almaine</p> +<p>He ginneþ gret bataile take,</p> +<p>Beues, al for þine sake.’</p> +</div> + +<p>It agrees very well with the religious feelings of the Middle Ages, +when they thought it a merit to fight against the heathens on Good +Friday; cf. here <a href = "#line2230">l. 2230 ff.</a></p> + +<p>p. 77, <a name = "note2224" id = "note2224" href = "#line2225">l. +2224 ff.</a> I am afraid there is something wrong in these lines; the +copyist seems to mean, that Torrent didn’t bereave the inhabitants of +their worldly goods, their treasures; then we must write <i>them</i> for +<i>it</i>. But what we really expect here is, that he leaves in the town +some trustworthy men to keep it. Accordingly, the fault lies in +<i>Worldely goodis</i>. Besides, l. 2224, <i>did wyn</i>, instead of +<i>was yn</i>, would improve the rhyme.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz193" id = "notes_stz193" +href = "#stanza193">St. 193</a></h5> + +<p>p. 77, <a name = "note2232" id = "note2232" href = "#line2230">l. +2232</a>. <i>bryght</i> is a rather odd epithet to <i>Sarȝins</i>.</p> + +<p>p. 78, <a name = "note2233" id = "note2233" href = "#line2230">l. +2233 ff.</a> Fifteen years have past since Torrent began to fight +against the infidels: he besieges the first town two years (cf. <a href += "#line2190">l. 2189</a>), the second, six years (cf. <a href = +"#line2205">l. 2206</a>), the third, seven years (cf. <a href = +"#line2230">l. 2230</a>). Meanwhile, the education of a young man being +finished at the age of fifteen (cf. Kölbing’s note to <i>Tristrem</i>, +l. 287), his son had become just old enough to win his spurs.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz194" id = "notes_stz194" +href = "#stanza194">St. 194</a></h5> + +<p>p. 78, <a name = "note2240" id = "note2240" href = "#line2240">l. +2240</a>. I doubt whether <i>ordeyn</i> can be allowed to stand without +an object, such as <i>your folk</i>, or <i>your ships</i>; cf. <i>Robert +of Glo’ster</i>, ed. Hearne, p. 139, l. 19:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘He bigan to ordeyne ys folk, & to batail aȝen drow.’</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz195" id = "notes_stz195" +href = "#stanza195">St. 195</a></h5> + +<p>p. 78, <a name = "note2256" id = "note2256" href = "#line2255">l. +2256</a>: ‘Woebegone was she, that must see that,’ viz. that ‘le leopard +took away her sone.’</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz196" id = "notes_stz196" +href = "#stanza196">St. 196</a></h5> + +<p>p. 78, <a name = "note2259" id = "note2259" href = "#line2260">l. +2259 f.</a> The meaning of these two lines is not quite perspicuous, and +they may be corrupt; only this one thing is clear, that these two +knights are Torrent and his son, who belong to different parties.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz197" id = "notes_stz197" +href = "#stanza197">St. 197</a></h5> + +<p>p. 79, <a name = "note2269" id = "note2269" href = "#line2270">l. +2269 ff.</a> It may be that ll. 2269-71 and ll. 2272-74 are +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page111" id = "page111">111</a></span> +to be transposed, but I don’t think it necessary: Torrent’s men flee +when they see that their chief has surrendered.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz199" id = "notes_stz199" +href = "#stanza199">St. 199</a></h5> + +<p>p. 80, <a name = "note2302" id = "note2302" href = "#line2300">l. +2302</a>. <i>wekid</i> = wicked, mischievous. But I don’t recollect to +have met with this adj. as an epithet to <i>land</i> or +<i>country</i>.</p> + +<p>p. 80, <a name = "note2304" id = "note2304" href = "#line2305">l. +2304</a>. Cf. <i>Tristrem</i>, l. 88, Kölbing’s note to that passage, +and <i>York Plays</i>, p. 438, l. 155:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘For, certys, my lyf days are nere done.’</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz200" id = "notes_stz200" +href = "#stanza200">St. 200</a></h5> + +<p>p. 80, <a name = "note2316" id = "note2316" href = "#line2315">l. +2316</a>. The alteration of this line is rather a radical one; but there +was no other way to restore the rhyme; I think that first, +<i>day</i> and <i>nyȝt</i> had changed their places in line 2313, and +then the copyist, in order to get a rhyme to <i>nyȝt</i>, spoilt the +latter line.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz202" id = "notes_stz202" +href = "#stanza202">St. 202</a></h5> + +<p>p. 81, <a name = "note2335" id = "note2335" href = "#line2335">l. +2335</a>. <i>be my ffaye</i> and <i>parmaffay</i> in the same stanza, +and both in the rhyme, are rather poor; one of these lines may have run +thus:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘Be god of heven, the king gan say.’</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz204" id = "notes_stz204" +href = "#stanza204">St. 204</a></h5> + +<p>p. 82, <a name = "note2357" id = "note2357" href = "#line2355">l. +2357</a>. The same confusion between <i>turment</i> and <i>turnament</i> +occurs in <i>Ipomadon</i>, l. 2868; cf. Kölbing’s note to this line.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz207" id = "notes_stz207" +href = "#stanza207">St. 207</a></h5> + +<p>p. 83, <a name = "note2392" id = "note2392" href = "#line2390">l. +2392</a>. Cf. <i>Ipomadon</i>, l. 3958:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘A mercy, syr, for Crystes pitte,’</p> + +<p>and Kölbing’s note to this line.</p> + +<p>p. 83, <a name = "note2395" id = "note2395" href = "#line2395">l. +2395 f.</a> Cf. Kölbing’s note to <i>Tristrem</i>, l. 3064, where he +cites an interesting parallel passage to this line from <i>Guy of +Warwick</i>, ed. Zupitza, l. 4707 f.:</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>‘Ȝyt þou art the trewest knyght,</p> +<p>That euer slepyd in wynturs nyght.’</p> +</div> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz208" id = "notes_stz208" +href = "#stanza208">St. 208</a></h5> + +<p>p. 83, <a name = "note2405" id = "note2405" href = "#line2405">l. +2405</a>. <i>and</i> is perhaps miswritten for <i>an</i> or +<i>on</i>.</p> + +<p>p. 83, <a name = "note2407" id = "note2407" href = "#line2405">l. +2407</a>. This line, as it stands, is rather odd; perhaps it ought to be +identical with <a href = "#line1125">l. 1128</a>.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz209" id = "notes_stz209" +href = "#stanza209">St. 209</a></h5> + +<p>p. 84, <a name = "note2420" id = "note2420" href = "#line2420">l. +2420</a>. <i>juster</i>, <i>jouster</i>, means here a knight who joins +in a joust or tournament: in the only other passage where it is known to +occur, <i>Alis.</i>, l. 1400, it is a horse for tourneying.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz210" id = "notes_stz210" +href = "#stanza210">St. 210</a></h5> + +<p>p. 84, <a name = "note2433" id = "note2433" href = "#line2430">l. +2433</a> = <a href = "#line2455">l. 2456</a>; cf. <i>Ipomadon</i>, l. +8830:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +’<i>Euery man in there degre.</i>’</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz212" id = "notes_stz212" +href = "#stanza212">St. 212</a></h5> + +<p>p. 85, <a name = "note2450" id = "note2450" href = "#line2450">l. +2450</a>. On <i>roial</i>, cf. Kölbing’s note to <i>Ipomadon</i>, l. 64. +To <i>a roall ffyght</i> may be compared Shakespeare’s <i>A royal +battle</i> (<i>Rich. III.</i>, IV. iv.).</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz213" id = "notes_stz213" +href = "#stanza213">St. 213</a></h5> + +<p>p. 85, <a name = "note2461" id = "note2461" href = "#line2460">l. +2461</a>. <i>with oute lent</i> = ‘without fasting’? I have not met with +this expletive phrase anywhere else.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz216" id = "notes_stz216" +href = "#stanza216">St. 216</a></h5> + +<p>p. 86, <a name = "note2493" id = "note2493" href = "#line2490">l. +2493</a>. It was not superfluous to mention this fact, because knights +were very often killed in tournaments; cf. Niedner, <i>Das deutsche +turnier im XII. und XIII. <ins class = "correction" title = "error for +‘Jahrhundert’? cited book is not printed in fraktur">Iahrhundert</ins></i>, +Berlin, 1881, p. 24. See also +R. Brunne’s <i>Handlyng-Synne</i>, ed. Furnivall, 1862, +p. 144-6.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz218" id = "notes_stz218" +href = "#stanza218">St. 218</a></h5> + +<p>p. 87, <a name = "note2518" id = "note2518" href = "#line2515">l. +2518-20</a>. As to the meaning of <i>couplid</i>, cf. Mätzner, +<i>Wörterbuch</i>, I. p. 491. These lines evidently mean that +gentlemen and ladies sit alternately, what one calls in German, <i>bunte +reihe machen</i>. +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page112" id = "page112">112</a></span> +Cf. A. Schultz, <i>Das höfische Leben Zur Zeit der Minnesinger</i>, +I. p. 330, and P. Pietsch, Bunte Reihe, <i>Zeitschrift für +deutsche Philologie</i>, vol. xvi. Halle, 1884, p. 231, who cites +from <i>Biterolf</i>, l. 7399 ff.:</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>‘Do hiezens under mîne man</p> +<p>Ir ingesinde wol getân</p> +<p>Sich teilen in dem palas,</p> +<p>Daz kein mîn recke dâ was,</p> +<p>Ern sæze zwischen magedîn.’</p> +</div> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz219" id = "notes_stz219" +href = "#stanza219">St. 219</a></h5> + +<p>p. 87, <a name = "note2526" id = "note2526" href = "#line2525">l. +2526</a>. <i>emell</i> was added by Hall in order to restore the rhyme +with <i>Desonell</i>.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz220" id = "notes_stz220" +href = "#stanza220">St. 220</a></h5> + +<p>p. 88, <a name = "note2535" id = "note2535" href = "#line2535">l. +2535</a>. For this correction, cf. Zupitza’s note to <i>Guy</i>, l. +600.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz225" id = "notes_stz225" +href = "#stanza225">St. 225</a></h5> + +<p>p. 90, <a name = "note2593" id = "note2593" href = "#line2590">l. +2593</a>. After <i>marked</i>, <i>them</i> may have dropped; cf. +<i>Layamon</i>, l. 5642 f.:</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>‘And heom markede <ins class = "correction" title = +"anomalous đ (d-bar) in original">forđ</ins>,</p> +<p>Touward Munt-giu heo ferden,’</p> +</div> + +<p>instead of which lines the later <ins class = "correction" title = +"text unchanged">MSS. writes</ins>:</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>‘Hii nome riht hire way</p> +<p>Touward Muntageu.’</p> +</div> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz226" id = "notes_stz226" +href = "#stanza226">St. 226</a></h5> + +<p>p. 90, <a name = "note2597" id = "note2597" href = "#line2595">l. +2597</a>. On <i>castelletoure</i> cf. Kölbing’s note to <i>Tristrem</i>, +l. 158.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz229" id = "notes_stz229" +href = "#stanza229">St. 229</a></h5> + +<p>p. 91, <a name = "note2636" id = "note2636" href = "#line2635">l. +2636</a>. Cf. Kölbing’s notes to <i>Amis and Amiloun</i>, l. 1019, and +to <i>The lyfe of Ipomadon</i>, l. 506. Here the expression, <i>no good +he ne couth</i> means, he was quite feeble and strengthless.</p> + +<h5><a name = "notes_stz231" id = "notes_stz231" +href = "#stanza231">St. 231</a></h5> + +<p>p. 92, <a name = "note2658" id = "note2658" href = "#line2655">l. +2658</a>. <i>up-tyed</i> = so limited by the deed of foundation that +they (the churches and abbeys) could not be diverted to any other +purpose.—<span class = "smallcaps">Hall.</span></p> + +<p>p. 92, <a name = "note2661" id = "note2661" href = "#line2660">l. +2661</a>. Cf. <i>Eglamour</i>, l. 1339, Lincoln MS.:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘In Rome this romance crouned es.’</p> + +<p>The Cambridge MS. reads instead:</p> + +<p class = "verse"> +‘In Rome thys geste cronyculd ys.’</p> + +<p>I am inclined to think that <i>crouned</i> is nothing else but a +misreading for <i>cronyculd</i>. Afterwards, considered to be correct, +it has originated expressions like those we find here.</p> + +</div> +<!-- end div notes --> + +<hr /> + +<h4>Footnote to Notes</h4> + +<p class = "footnote"> +<a name = "noteN1" id = "noteN1" href = "#tagN1">1.</a> +So <i>Percy Fol. MS.</i>; <i>aserre</i> Thornt.</p> + + +<div class = "glossary"> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page113" id = "page113">113</a></span> + +<h3><a name = "glossary" id = "glossary">GLOSSARY.</a></h3> + +<div class = "mynote"> +<p>Commas at the end of some entries are not errors. The letters I and J +are alpha­betized together. Initial U is written and alphabetized as + V.</p> + +<p>Asterisks* are not explained. They seem to indicate words that did +not +appear in the original MS but are the result of editorial emendation. +They may or may not occur elsewhere in the text.</p> + +<p class = "center"> +<a href = "#letter_a"> A </a> +<a href = "#letter_b"> B </a> +<a href = "#letter_c"> C </a> +<a href = "#letter_d"> D </a> +<a href = "#letter_e"> E </a> +<a href = "#letter_f"> F </a> +<a href = "#letter_g"> G </a> +<a href = "#letter_h"> H </a> +<a href = "#letter_i"> IJ </a> +<a href = "#letter_k"> K </a> +<a href = "#letter_l"> L </a><br /> +<a href = "#letter_m"> M </a> +<a href = "#letter_n"> N </a> +<a href = "#letter_o"> O </a> +<a href = "#letter_p"> P </a> +<a href = "#letter_r"> R </a> +<a href = "#letter_s"> S </a> +<a href = "#letter_t"> T </a> +<a href = "#letter_v"> UV </a> +<a href = "#letter_w"> W </a> +<a href = "#letter_y"> Y </a></p> +</div> + +<p><a name = "letter_a" id = "letter_a"><i>abydde</i></a>, 2/<a href = +"#line40">41</a>, <i>vb.</i> to endure.</p> + +<p><i>a-bye</i>, 21/<a href = "#line570">569</a>, <i>vb.</i> to pay +for.</p> + +<p><i>actone</i>, 79/<a href = "#line2275">2276</a>, <i>sb.</i> a jacket +of quilted cotton. Cf. Skeat’s Glossary to <i>Wars of Al.</i>, s.v.</p> + +<p><i>ago</i>, 3/<a href = "#line65">65</a>, <i>pp.</i> gone.</p> + +<p><i>a-right</i>, 48/<a href = "#line1365">1364</a>, <i>pt. s.</i> +prepared, served up.</p> + +<p><i>assent</i>, 48/<a href = "#line1355">1357</a>, <i>sb.</i> +proposal.</p> + +<p><i>assttyt</i>, 23/<a href = "#line640">640</a>, <i>adv.</i> at +once.</p> + +<p><i>auter</i>, 68/<a href = "#line1950">1952</a>, <i>sb.</i> +altar.</p> + +<p><i>avented</i>, 54/<a href = "#line1555">1554</a>, <i>pt. s. +refl.</i> recovered his breath.</p> + +<p><i>aventorres</i>, 2/<a href = "#line40">39</a>, <i>sb. pl.</i> +adventures.</p> + +<p><i>aventurly</i>, 44/<a href = "#line1230">1229</a>, <i>adv.</i> +boldly.</p> + +<p><i>axithe</i>, 10/<a href = "#line260">260</a>, <i>pr. 3 sg.</i> +asks.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<a name = "letter_b" id = "letter_b" href = +"#glossary"><i>balle</i></a>, 15/<a href = "#line400">400</a>, +<i>sb.</i> bale.</p> + +<p><i>bane</i>,* 29/<a href = "#line795">794</a>, <i>sb.</i> bone;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +52/<a href = "#line1475">1478</a>, <i>sb.</i> destruction, death;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +59/<a href = "#line1675">1678</a>, <i>sb.</i> over-comer.</p> + +<p><i>bare</i>, 53/<a href = "#line1500">1502</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +stabbed.</p> + +<p><i>barys</i>, 35/<a href = "#line975">978</a>, <i>sb. pl.</i> +bars.</p> + +<p><i>bayte</i>, 54/<a href = "#line1550">1553</a>, <i>vb.</i> to +pasture.</p> + +<p><i>bed</i>, 29/<a href = "#line790">793</a>, <i>pp.</i> offered.</p> + +<p><i>bent</i>, 25/<a href = "#line700">701</a>, 86/<a href = +"#line2485">2487</a>, <i>sb.</i> battle-field.</p> + +<p><i>berdles</i>, 36/<a href = "#line1015">1015</a>, <i>adj.</i> +beardless.</p> + +<p><i>bere</i>, 37/<a href = "#line1045">1045</a>, <i>vb.</i> to +stab.</p> + +<p><i>be-stad</i>, 29/<a href = "#line805">808</a>, <i>pp.</i> sore +bestad = distressed.</p> + +<p><i>bet</i>, 57/<a href = "#line1620">1622</a>, <i>pt. s.</i> +beat.</p> + +<p><i>be-taught</i>, 58/<a href = "#line1650">1651</a>, <i>pp.</i> +surrendered, delivered.</p> + +<p><i>bett</i>, 55/<a href = "#line1585">1585</a>, <i>pp.</i> +beaten;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +40/<a href = "#line1120">1123</a>, <i>pp.</i> ornamented.</p> + +<p><i>be-tyde</i>, 45/<a href = "#line1270">1270</a>, <i>vb.</i> to +befall;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +cf. the <a href = "#note1270">note to this line</a>.</p> + +<p><i>beytyng</i>, 36/<a href = "#line1005">1008</a>, <i>vb. sb.</i>, +baiting.?</p> + +<p><i>bla</i>,* 9/<a href = "#line235">237</a>, <i>adj.</i> pale, +wan;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +cf. <a href = "#note237">the note</a>.</p> + +<p><i>blo</i>,* 13/<a href = "#line350">351</a>, <i>adj.</i> blue.</p> + +<p><i>blynd</i>, 4/<a href = "#line85">87</a>, <i>pr. s. conj.</i> +blind.</p> + +<p><i>bode</i>, 18/<a href = "#line495">498</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +ordered.</p> + +<p><i>boffettes</i>, 85/<a href = "#line2470">2472</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>buffettes</i>, 56/<a href = "#line1595">1596</a>, <i>sb. pl.</i> +blow, dint.</p> + +<p><i>bone</i>, 55/<a href = "#line1565">1565</a>, <i>sb.</i> +prayer.</p> + +<p><i>bord</i>, 29/<a href = "#line820">819</a>, 42/<a href = +"#line1195">1194</a>, <i>sb.</i> table.</p> + +<p><i>bowes</i>, 51/<a href = "#line1450">1451</a>, <i>sb. pl.</i> +bough, branch.</p> + +<p><i>bowght</i>, 21/<a href = "#line555">556</a>, <i>sb.</i> bend.</p> + +<p><i>brayd</i>, 56/<a href = "#line1595">1598</a>, <i>sb.</i> sudden +attack.</p> + +<p><i>broke</i>, 30/<a href = "#line830">833</a>, 48/<a href = +"#line1355">1354</a>, <i>vb.</i> to enjoy.</p> + +<p><i>browȝ</i>, 24/<a href = "#line655">654</a>, <i>sb.</i> rising +ground, hill.</p> + +<p><i>byddythe</i>, 18/<a href = "#line500">500</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +waited, remained.</p> + +<p><i>byght</i>, 22/<a href = "#line605">605</a>, <i>vb.</i> to +bite.</p> + +<p><i>byne</i>, 2/<a href = "#line45">46</a>, <i>vb.</i> to be.</p> + +<p><i>byrlyd</i>, 11/<a href = "#line290">292</a>, 12/<a href = +"#line330">329</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> to pour out.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<a name = "letter_c" id = "letter_c" href = "#glossary"><i>castell +toure</i></a>, 90/<a href = "#line2595">2597</a>, <i>sb.</i> castle +tower.</p> + +<p><i>chaffare</i>, 35/<a href = "#line985">986</a>, <i>sb.</i> +bargain.</p> + +<p><i>chalenge</i>, 41/<a href = "#line1150">1150</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>pr. s.</i> 41/<a href = "#line1160">1163</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>pr. s. conj.</i> challenge.</p> + +<p><i>cheff-foster</i>, 21/<a href = "#line575">574</a>, <i>sb.</i> +chief-foster.</p> + +<p><i>ches</i>, 26/<a href = "#line715">718</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +chose.</p> + +<p><i>chyrge</i>, 29/<a href = "#line815">814</a>, <i>sb.</i> +church.</p> + +<p><i>clarkys</i>, 1/<a href = "#line10">12</a>, <i>sb. pl.</i> +clerks.</p> + +<p><i>clere</i>, 3/<a href = "#line60">62</a>, <i>adj.</i> <i>clere +of</i>, renowned for.</p> + +<p><i>clow</i>,* 20/<a href = "#line540">542</a>, <i>sb.</i> clough.</p> + +<p><i>cobled</i>, 46/<a href = "#line1295">1298</a>, <i>adj.</i> cobled +stones = cobblestones.</p> + +<p><i>comely</i>, 26/<a href = "#line720">722</a>, <i>adv.</i> in a +comely manner;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +cf. <a href = "#note722">the note</a>.</p> + +<p><i>contenance</i>,* 3/<a href = "#line75">75</a>, <i>sb.</i> +countenance, presence of mind.</p> + +<p><i>cord</i>, 48/<a href = "#line1355">1357</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +accord.</p> + +<p><i>coueryd</i>, 87/<a href = "#line2505">2506</a>, <i>pr. pl.</i> +<i>Vp they coueryd</i> = They recovered.?</p> + +<p><i>countenance</i>, 39/<a href = "#line1105">1105</a>, <i>sb.</i> +countenance.</p> + +<p><i>couped</i>, 42/<a href = "#line1190">1193</a>, <i>pp.</i>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +cf. <a href = "#note1193">the note</a>.</p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page114" id = "page114">114</a></span> +<p><i>coupled</i>, 87/<a href = "#line2520">2520</a>, <i>pp.</i> +coupled;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +cf. <a href = "#note2518">the note</a>.</p> + +<p><i>coursus</i>, 41/<a href = "#line1150">1150</a>, 42/<a href = +"#line1175">1177</a>, <i>sb. pl.</i> courses.</p> + +<p><i>couth</i>, 46/<a href = "#line1295">1295</a>, 91/<a href = +"#line2635">2636</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> knew.</p> + +<p><i>craftely</i>, 54/<a href = "#line1525">1527</a>, <i>adv.</i> +skilfully.</p> + +<p><i>crest</i>, 40/<a href = "#line1125">1128</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>creste</i>, 83/<a href = "#line2405">2407</a>, <i>sb.</i> crest.</p> + +<p><i>croke</i>, 36/<a href = "#line1015">1018</a>, 37/<a href = +"#line1040">1042</a>, 55/<a href = "#line1575">1577</a>, 56/<a href = +"#line1605">1607</a>, 58/<a href = "#line1650">1652</a>, <i>sb.</i> +crook.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<a name = "letter_d" id = "letter_d" href = +"#glossary"><i>dalle</i></a>, 21/<a href = "#line560">562</a>, +<i>sb.</i> valley.</p> + +<p><i>delyuer</i>, 41/<a href = "#line1155">1154</a>, <i>vb.</i>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +41/<a href = "#line1150">1151</a>, <i>imp.</i> to deliver up;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>delyuerd</i>, 63/<a href = "#line1805">1806</a>, 1808, <i>pp.</i> +delivered of a child;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>delyuerd</i>, 82/<a href = "#line2370">2372</a>, <i>pp.</i> +released?</p> + +<p><i>dent</i>, 2/<a href = "#line40">41</a>, <i>sb.</i> blow.</p> + +<p><i>departid</i>, 47/<a href = "#line1330">1329</a>, <i>pr. pl.</i> +divorced.</p> + +<p><i>dewe</i>, 4/<a href = "#line85">88</a>, <i>sb.</i> dieu.</p> + +<p><i>deyr</i>, 2/<a href = "#line35">37</a>, <i>adj.</i> dear.</p> + +<p><i>deyse</i>, 38/<a href = "#line1065">1067</a>, 42/<a href = +"#line1190">1192</a>, <i>sb.</i> dais.</p> + +<p><i>dight</i>, 39/<a href = "#line1080">1081</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +built.</p> + +<p><i>disparplid</i>,* 70/<a href = "#line2010">2010</a>, <i>pp.</i> +dispersed;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +cf. <a href = "#note2010">the note</a>.</p> + +<p><i>dong</i>, 61/<a href = "#line1755">1754</a>, <i>pr. pl.</i> dung, +beat.</p> + +<p><i>dourst</i>, 3/<a href = "#line80">81</a>, <i>prs. sg.</i> +darest.</p> + +<p><i>draught</i>, 58/<a href = "#line1655">1654</a>, <i>sb.</i> +draught.</p> + +<p><i>dryee</i>, 36/<a href = "#line995">994</a>, <i>vb.</i> endure.</p> + +<p><i>duchyes</i>, 33/<a href = "#line930">933</a>, <i>sb. pl.</i> +duchies.</p> + +<p><i>dulful</i>, 19/<a href = "#line520">519</a>, <i>adj.</i> +troublesome.</p> + +<p><i>dynnyng</i>, 52/<a href = "#line1485">1487</a>, <i>sb.</i> +roaring.</p> + +<p><i>dyspisyst</i>, 2/<a href = "#line45">47</a>, <i>prs. 2 sg.</i> +despisest.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<a name = "letter_e" id = "letter_e" href = "#glossary"><i>eb</i></a>, +64/<a href = "#line1845">1846</a>, <i>sb.</i> ebb;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +cf. <a href = "#note1846">the note</a>.</p> + +<p><i>ebbyd</i>, 8/<a href = "#line220">223</a>, <i>pp.</i> ebbing.</p> + +<p><i>ech</i>, 92/<a href = "#line2655">2657</a>, <i>pron.</i> each.</p> + +<p><i>eche</i>, 24/<a href = "#line650">649</a>, <i>sb.</i> oak.</p> + +<p><i>endentyd</i>, 9/<a href = "#line225">227</a>, <i>pp.</i> indented, +adorned.</p> + +<p><i>erber</i>, 65/<a href = "#line1865">1868</a>, <i>sb.</i> garden of +pleasure.</p> + +<p><i>ermyght</i>, 36/<a href = "#line1005">1008</a>, <i>sb.</i>?</p> + +<p><i>eyllythe</i>, 34/<a href = "#line955">958</a>, <i>prs. 3 sg.</i> +ails.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<a name = "letter_f" id = "letter_f" href = "#glossary"><i>fall</i></a>, +47/<a href = "#line1330">1331</a>, <i>vb.</i> to fell, kill.</p> + +<p><i>fame</i>, 2/<a href = "#line30">31</a>, <i>sb.</i> foam.</p> + +<p><i>fare</i>, 44/<a href = "#line1235">1234</a>, <i>sb.</i> at that +fare = under these circumstances.</p> + +<p><i>farly</i>, 2/<a href = "#line45">44</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>ferly</i>, 69/<a href = "#line1975">1974</a>, 71/<a href = +"#line2035">2035</a>, <i>sb.</i> wonder.</p> + +<p><i>fawe</i>,* 16/<a href = "#line430">431</a>, <i>adj.</i> destined +to death.</p> + +<p><i>fede</i>,* 2/<a href = "#line30">30</a>, <i>sb.</i> feed, pasture +ground;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +cf. <a href = "#note30">the note</a>.</p> + +<p><i>ffede</i>, 51/<a href = "#line1445">1444</a>, <i>sb.</i>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +cf. <a href = "#note1443">the note</a>.</p> + +<p><i>fell</i>, 85/<a href = "#line2445">2444</a>, <i>adj.</i> strong, +able.</p> + +<p><i>fell</i>, 1/<a href = "#line20">21</a>, 4/<a href = +"#line90">90</a>, <i>vb.</i> to fell, kill;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>fellythe</i>, 3/<a href = "#line80">82</a>, <i>pr. 3 sg.</i> +fells.</p> + +<p><i>fere</i>, 3/<a href = "#line70">69</a>, 4/<a href = +"#line95">98</a>, 4/<a href = "#line100">102</a>, 33/<a href = +"#line930">931</a>, 85/<a href = "#line2465">2466</a>, <i>sb.</i> +companion.</p> + +<p><i>fesomnyd</i>, 2/<a href = "#line25">28</a>, <i>pr. s.</i>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +cf. <a href = "#note28">the note</a>.</p> + +<p><i>fet</i>, 12/<a href = "#line310">309</a>, <i>pp.</i> fetched.</p> + +<p><i>ffettouris</i>, 81/<a href = "#line2330">2333</a>, <i>sb. pl.</i> +fetters.</p> + +<p><i>flyng</i>, 67/<a href = "#line1925">1927</a>, <i>vb.</i> to +hasten.</p> + +<p><i>flyngyng</i>, 14/<a href = "#line375">378</a>, <i>p. prs.</i> +hastening.</p> + +<p><i>fode</i>, 36/<a href = "#line1010">1012</a>, <i>sb.</i> food;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>ffode</i>, 64/<a href = "#line1820">1823</a>, <i>sb.</i> child, +wight.</p> + +<p><i>ffont</i>, 69/<a href = "#line1990">1993</a>, <i>sb.</i> font.</p> + +<p><i>forsake</i>, 26/<a href = "#line725">724</a>, <i>vb.</i> to leave +behind.</p> + +<p><i>fforward</i>, 41/<a href = "#line1740">1743</a>, <i>sb.</i> +agreement.</p> + +<p><i>fraye</i>, 23/<a href = "#line635">638</a>, <i>sb.</i> attack.</p> + +<p><i>freke</i>, 58/<a href = "#line1660">1661</a>, <i>sb.</i> +warrior.</p> + +<p><i>frethe</i>, 6/<a href = "#line160">161</a>, <i>sb.</i> forest.</p> + +<p><i>fyle</i>, 33/<a href = "#line910">911</a>, <i>sb.</i> fill.</p> + +<p><i>ffyne</i>, 39/<a href = "#line1085">1086</a>, <i>sb.</i> fine.</p> + +<p><i>fytte</i>, 17/<a href = "#line455">458</a>, <i>sb. pl.</i> +feet.</p> + +<p><i>fytyng</i>, 7/<a href = "#line1730">1731</a>, <i>p. prs.</i> +fighting.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<a name = "letter_g" id = "letter_g" href = +"#glossary"><i>gadlyng</i></a>, 36/<a href = "#line1015">1015</a>, +<i>sb.</i> vagabond.</p> + +<p><i>gale</i>, 46/<a href = "#line1310">1313</a>, <i>sb.</i> +galley.</p> + +<p><i>gas</i>, 4/<a href = "#line100">103</a>, <i>prs. 3 sg.</i> +goes.</p> + +<p><i>gestonye</i>, 82/<a href = "#line2375">2374</a>, 91/<a href = +"#line2625">2625</a>, 91/<a href = "#line2625">2627</a>, <i>sb.</i> +banquet, feast.</p> + +<p><i>gethe</i>, 71/<a href = "#line2040">2042</a>, <i>prs. 3 sg.</i> +goes.</p> + +<p><i>glemyrryng</i>, 16/<a href = "#line425">426</a>, <i>p. prs.</i> +glimmering.</p> + +<p><i>governe</i>, 28/<a href = "#line780">779</a>, <i>vb. refl.</i> to +behave.</p> + +<p><i>greme</i>,* 67/<a href = "#line1930">1929</a>, <i>sb.</i> grief, +sorrow.</p> + +<p><i>grennyng</i>, 40/<a href = "#line1125">1126</a>, <i>p. prs.</i> +distorting, gaping.</p> + +<p><i>gryffon</i>, 69/<a href = "#line1970">1971</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>greffon</i>, 69/<a href = "#line1980">1981</a>, <i>sb.</i> +griffin.</p> + +<p><i>grype</i>, 68/<a href = "#line1960">1961</a>, <i>sb.</i> +griffin.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<a name = "letter_h" id = "letter_h" href = +"#glossary"><i>harood</i></a>, 60/<a href = "#line1710">1711</a>, +<i>sb.</i> herald;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +82/<ins class = "correction" title = "text has ; for ,"><a href = +"#line2365">2365</a>,</ins> <i>harroldys</i>, <i>sb. pl.</i> +heralds.</p> + +<p><i>harood</i>, 63/<a href = "#line1800">1799</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +distracted.</p> + +<p><i>hed</i>, 17/<a href = "#line445">444</a>, <i>sb.</i> heed.</p> + +<p><i>hede</i>, 74/<a href = "#line2125">2126</a>, <i>vb.</i> to +behead.</p> + +<p><i>hede-vale</i>, 74/<a href = "#line2135">2135</a>, 91/<a href = +"#line2620">2621</a>, <i>sb.</i> principal value;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +cf. the <a href = "#note2135">note to l. 2135</a>.</p> + +<p><i>hedles</i>, 25/<a href = "#line700">702</a>, <i>adj.</i> +headless.</p> + +<p><i>hende</i>, 4/<a href = "#line105">106</a>, <i>adj.</i> +courteous.</p> + +<p><i>herne</i>,* 37/<a href = "#line1030">1030</a>, <i>sb.</i> +brains.</p> + +<p><i>heved</i>,* 14/<a href = "#line370">371</a>, <i>sb.</i> head.</p> + +<p><i>hight</i>, 65/<a href = "#line1860">1860</a>, <i>sb.</i> +height.</p> + +<p><i>housell</i>, 45/<a href = "#line1270">1272</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>howsell</i>, 74/<a href = "#line2140">2139</a>, <i>sb.</i> +housel.</p> + +<p><i>howge</i>, 20/<a href = "#line545">548</a>, <i>adj.</i> huge, +enormous.</p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page115" id = "page115">115</a></span> +<p><i>howt</i>, 25/<a href = "#line700">703</a>, <i>adv.</i> out.</p> + +<p><i>hurt</i>, 57/<a href = "#line1625">1625</a>, <i>sb.</i> hurt.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<a name = "letter_i" id = "letter_i" href = +"#glossary"><i>i-bye</i></a>, 43/<a href = "#line1220">1222</a>, +<i>vb.</i> to pay for.</p> + +<p><i>i-wysse</i>, 15/<a href = "#line390">391</a>, <i>adv.</i> +surely.</p> + +<p><i>juster</i>, 84/<a href = "#line2420">2420</a>, <i>sb.</i> jousting +knight.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<a name = "letter_k" id = "letter_k" href = "#glossary"><i>kene</i></a>, +2/<a href = "#line45">47</a>, <i>adj.</i> brave.</p> + +<p><i>kerpyng</i>, 92/<a href = "#line2660">2662</a>, <i>vb. sb.</i> +talking.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<a name = "letter_l" id = "letter_l" href = "#glossary"><i>lade</i></a>, +58/<a href = "#line1660">1663</a>, <i>sb.</i> load, i.e. a lot of +blows.</p> + +<p><i>lay</i>, 6/<a href = "#line165">165</a>, 52/<a href = +"#line1490">1492</a>, <i>sb.</i> grass land, bank.</p> + +<p><i>lede</i>, 2/<a href = "#line35">36</a>, <i>sb.</i> country.</p> + +<p><i>lemyred</i>, 11/<a href = "#line290">291</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +glimmered.</p> + +<p><i>lenage</i>, 18/<a href = "#line490">491</a>, <i>sb.</i> lineage, +family.</p> + +<p><i>lende</i>, 1/<a href = "#line10">9</a>, <i>prs. pl.</i> go.</p> + +<p><i>leng</i>, 32/<a href = "#line900">899</a>, <i>vb.</i> to stay.</p> + +<p><i>lent</i>, 85/<a href = "#line2460">2461</a>, <i>sb.</i> lent?</p> + +<p><i>leryd</i>, 40/<a href = "#line1110">1110</a>, <i>pp.</i> +informed.</p> + +<p><i>lifte</i>, 45/<a href = "#line1270">1273</a>, <i>vb.</i> to +lift.</p> + +<p><i>lothly</i>, 34/<a href = "#line965">964</a>, 35/<a href = +"#line990">991</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +lothely, 53/<a href = "#line1505">1508</a>, 54/<a href = +"#line1535">1534</a>, <i>adj.</i> loathsome.</p> + +<p><i>love</i>, 59/<a href = "#line1690">1692</a>, <i>sb.</i> love, +sweet-heart.</p> + +<p><i>lyst</i>, 1/<a href = "#line5">7</a>, <i>vb.</i> to listen.</p> + +<p><i>lythe</i>, 13/<a href = "#line335">337</a>, <i>vb.</i> to +listen.</p> + +<p><i>lyvelode</i>, 83/<a href = "#line2385">2384</a>, <i>sb.</i> +livelihood.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<a name = "letter_m" id = "letter_m" href = +"#glossary"><i>maistershipmon</i></a>, 50/<a href = +"#line1425">1425</a>, <i>sb.</i> captain.</p> + +<p><i>mall</i>, 12/<a href = "#line320">322</a>, <i>sb.</i> hammer, +club.</p> + +<p><i>markyd</i>, 90/<a href = "#line2590">2592</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +directed.</p> + +<p><i>mate</i>, 25/<a href = "#line675">678</a>, <i>adj.</i> faint, +exhausted.</p> + +<p><i>maynerey</i>, 16/<a href = "#line435">435</a>, <i>sb.</i> banquet, +feast.</p> + +<p><i>maystry</i>, 8/<a href = "#line210">212</a>, <i>sb.</i> +mastery;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>maystres</i>, 28/<a href = "#line790">789</a>, <i>sb. pl.</i> = +<i>maystries</i>, exploits?</p> + +<p><i>meche</i>, 10/<a href = "#line270">270</a>, 20/<a href = +"#line530">531</a>, 26/<a href = "#line710">713</a>, 37/<a href = +"#line1040">1040</a>, <i>adj.</i> much, great.</p> + +<p><i>met</i>, 25/<a href = "#line700">700</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +measured.</p> + +<p><i>moche</i>, 49/<a href = "#line1400">1399</a>, 76/<a href = +"#line2195">2195</a>, <i>adj.</i> much, great.</p> + +<p><i>myd mete</i>, 41/<a href = "#line1140">1141</a>, 42/<a href = +"#line1190">1189</a>, <i>sb.</i> the middle of the dinner.</p> + +<p><i>mylle</i>, 3/<a href = "#line80">79</a>, <i>sb.</i> mile.</p> + +<p><i>myrre</i>, 11/<a href = "#line290">293</a>, 34/<a href = +"#line940">943</a>, <i>adj.</i> merry.</p> + +<p><i>myster</i>, 21/<a href = "#line580">581</a>, <i>sb.</i> need, +want.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<a name = "letter_n" id = "letter_n" href = +"#glossary"><i>nonys</i></a>, 46/<a href = "#line1300">1299</a>, <i>in +phr. for þe nones</i>, for the once, for the occasion.</p> + +<p><i>noryse</i>, 67/<a href = "#line1925">1928</a>, <i>sb.</i> +nurse.</p> + +<p><i>not</i>,* 54/<a href = "#line1535">1535</a>, <i>prs.</i> <i>ne +wot</i>, don’t know.</p> + +<p><i>nowyd</i>, 6/<a href = "#line150">153</a>, <i>pp.</i> annoyed? cf. +<a href = "#note153">the note</a>.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<a name = "letter_o" id = "letter_o" href = +"#glossary"><i>of-smyght</i></a>, 25/<a href = "#line690">691</a>, +<i>vb.</i> to cut off.</p> + +<p><i>omage</i>, 39/<a href = "#line1085">1086</a>, <i>sb.</i> +homage.</p> + +<p><i>onfre</i>,* 53/<a href = "#line1500">1499</a>, <i>adj.</i> +unnoble.</p> + +<p><i>on-harnes</i>, 11/<a href = "#line300">302</a>, <i>vb.</i> to +unharness.</p> + +<p><i>ordor</i>, 2/<a href = "#line50">51</a>, <i>sb.</i> order.</p> + +<p><i>ordurres</i>, 2/<a href = "#line45">48</a>, <i>sb. pl.</i> +knighthood, dub.</p> + +<p><i>ovyr-ryde</i>, 2/<a href = "#line40">40</a>, <i>vb.</i> to ride +over, to overcome?</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<a name = "letter_p" id = "letter_p" href = "#glossary"><i>payn</i></a>, +44/<a href = "#line1250">1252</a>, <i>sb.</i> fine, mulct.</p> + +<p><i>persewyd</i>,* 17/<a href = "#line460">462</a>, <i>pp.</i> +pursued.</p> + +<p><i>pertely</i>, 53/<a href = "#line1500">1501</a>, <i>adv.</i> +openly, plainly.</p> + +<p><i>pluckys</i>, 56/<a href = "#line1610">1611</a>, <i>sb.</i> +strokes;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +cf. Halliwell, Dict., p. 633.</p> + +<p><i>pomell</i>, 26/<a href = "#line715">714</a>, <i>sb.</i> +pommel.</p> + +<p><i>poynt</i>, 17/<a href = "#line445">445</a>, 88/<a href = +"#line2540">2540</a>, = <i>poynt of armys</i>, 3/<a href = +"#line65">68</a>, 30/<a href = "#line830">832</a>, 49/<a href = +"#line1380">1383</a>, <i>sb.</i> exploit.</p> + +<p><i>prekand</i>, 45/<ins class = "correction" title = ", missing"><a +href = "#line1260">1263</a>,</ins> <i>prs. p.</i> pricking.</p> + +<p><i>preste</i>, 50/<a href = "#line1415">1418</a>, <i>adj.</i> +ready.</p> + +<p><i>preve</i>, 10/<a href = "#line275">275</a>, <i>adj.</i> privy.</p> + +<p><i>pyll</i>, 21/<a href = "#line570">573</a>, <i>sb.</i> rock?</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<a name = "letter_r" id = "letter_r" href = +"#glossary"><i>ragyd</i></a>, 7/<a href = "#line195">194</a>, +<i>adj.</i> ragged.</p> + +<p><i>rawght</i>, 24/<a href = "#line645">645</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +gave.</p> + +<p><i>red</i>, 7/<a href = "#line175">178</a>, <i>sb.</i> counsel.</p> + +<p><i>reioyse</i>, 75/<a href = "#line2150">2151</a>, 80/<a href = +"#line2310">2309</a>, 91/<a href = "#line2640">2640</a>, <i>vb.</i> to +enjoy.</p> + +<p><i>rerid</i>, 55/<a href = "#line1560">1561</a>, <i>pr. pl.</i> +reared, tried to bring on.</p> + +<p><i>reue</i>, 35/<a href = "#line985">986</a>, <i>vb.</i> to bereave, +to rob.</p> + +<p><i>reuelid</i>, 85/<a href = "#line2465">2467</a>, <i>pr. pl.</i> +revelled, feasted.</p> + +<p><i>revid</i>, 88/<a href = "#line2545">2546</a>, <i>pp.</i> +robbed.</p> + +<p><i>rewe</i>, 31/<a href = "#line860">860</a>, <i>vb.</i> to rue, to +pity.</p> + +<p><i>reysed</i>, 46/<a href = "#line1310">1313</a>, <i>pr. pl.</i> +raised, made ready;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>reysing</i>, 51/<a href = "#line1455">1454</a>, <i>prs. p.</i> +rising, starting up.</p> + +<p><i>rially</i>, 87/<a href = "#line2515">2516</a>, <i>adv.</i> +royally.</p> + +<p><i>rialte</i>, 85/<a href = "#line2455">2455</a>, <i>sb.</i> royal +state.</p> + +<p><i>rightfull</i>, 64/<a href = "#line1835">1834</a>, <i>adj.</i> <ins +class = "correction" title = "text unchanged">rightfull</ins>.</p> + +<p><i>roall</i>, 85/<a href = "#line2450">2450</a>, <ins class = +"correction" title = "word missing"><i>adj.</i></ins> royal.</p> + +<p><i>rome</i>, 19/<a href = "#line515">516</a>, <i>sb.</i> +cross-way?</p> + +<p><i>rore</i>, 37/<a href = "#line130">132</a>, <i>vb.</i> to roar.</p> + +<p><i>rough</i>, 66/<a href = "#line1880">1879</a>, <i>sb.</i> wood, +copse.</p> + +<p><i>rowe</i>, 50/<a href = "#line1425">1426</a>, <i>prs. pl.</i> +row.</p> + +<p><i>rowght</i>, 24/<a href = "#line645">645</a>, <i>sb.</i> stroke, +blow?</p> + +<p><i>rude</i>, 58/<a href = "#line1665">1666</a>, <i>adj.</i> rude.</p> + +<p><i>ryd</i>, 2/<a href = "#line45">44</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> rode.</p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page116" id = "page116">116</a></span> +<p><i>ryde-wey</i>, 22/<a href = "#line595">598</a>, <i>sb.</i> +spur-way, horse-way.</p> + +<p><i>ryngis</i>, 82/<a href = "#line2355">2354</a>, <i>sb.</i> ring, +arena.</p> + +<p><i>ryved</i>, 73/<a href = "#line2090">2090</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> ryved +up, landed, disembarked;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>ryven</i>, 50/<a href = "#line1435">1435</a>, <i>pr. p.</i> +landed.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<a name = "letter_s" id = "letter_s" href = "#glossary"><i>sare</i></a>, +4/<a href = "#line95">97</a>, <i>adv.</i> sorely.</p> + +<p><i>sarten</i>, 26/<a href = "#line715">717</a>, <i>adj. sb.</i> the +sarten = the truth.</p> + +<p><i>sayment</i>, 2/<a href = "#line50">50</a>, <i>sb.</i> trial, +exploit.</p> + +<p><i>scape</i>, 81/<a href = "#line2325">2327</a>, <i>prs. subj.</i> +escape.</p> + +<p><i>schedyng</i>, 19/<a href = "#line515">516</a>, <i>sb.</i> +separation.</p> + +<p><i>scheff-chambyr</i>, 26/<a href = "#line715">718</a>, <i>sb.</i> +chief-chamber, first rank-chamber.</p> + +<p><i>scheld</i>, 21/<a href = "#line575">578</a>, <i>vb.</i> to +shelter.</p> + +<p><i>schere</i>, 21/<a href = "#line555">556</a>, <i>vb.</i> to shear, +to cut.</p> + +<p><i>schope</i>, 21/<a href = "#line565">567</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +created.</p> + +<p><i>schowt</i>, 21/<a href = "#line570">570</a>,</p> + +<p><i>schoute</i>, 61/<a href = "#line1750">1751</a>, 65/<a href = +"#line1875">1877</a>, <i>s.</i>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>schuot</i>, 22/<a href = "#line595">594</a>, <i>vb.</i> to shout.</p> + +<p><i>season</i>, 75/<a href = "#line2155">2157</a>, <i>sb.</i> +court.</p> + +<p><i>see-fome</i>, 75/<a href = "#line2165">2165</a>, <i>sb.</i> +sea-foam.</p> + +<p><i>sege</i>, 77/<a href = "#line2205">2204</a>, <i>sb.</i> siege.</p> + +<p><i>sekyrnes</i>, 30/<a href = "#line835">835</a>, <i>sb.</i> +surety.</p> + +<p><i>semled</i>, 85/<a href = "#line2445">2445</a>, <i>pr. pl.</i> +assembled.</p> + +<p><i>sete</i>, 33/<a href = "#line920">922</a>, <i>sb.</i> city.</p> + +<p><i>seth</i>, 74/<a href = "#line2140">2141</a>, <i>conj.</i> +since.</p> + +<p><i>sett</i>, 41/<a href = "#line1150">1152</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +sat.</p> + +<p><i>sewe</i>, 4/<a href = "#line90">89</a>, <i>vb.</i> to look at.</p> + +<p><i>shipped</i>, 45/<a href = "#line1260">1260</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +46/<a href = "#line1315">1318</a>, <i>pr. pl.</i> shypped, <i>pp.</i> +embarked.</p> + +<p><i>shone</i>, 40/<a href = "#line1115">1117</a>, <i>sb. pl.</i> +shoes.</p> + +<p><i>side lokyng</i>, 57/<a href = "#line1635">1637</a>, <i>sb.</i> +side-glance.</p> + +<p><i>siȝed</i>, 79/<a href = "#line2285">2288</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +sighed.</p> + +<p><i>simarr</i>,* 47/<a href = "#line1335">1338</a>, <i>sb.</i> +cloak;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +see <a href = "#note1337">the note</a>.</p> + +<p><i>slade</i>, 58/<a href = "#line1660">1660</a>, <i>sb.</i> +slade.</p> + +<p><i>slon</i>,* 16/<a href = "#line455">458</a>, <i>sb.</i> sloe.</p> + +<p><i>smote</i>, 76/<a href = "#line2185">2185</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>smote adown</i>, 77/<a href = "#line2200">2203</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +cast anchor.</p> + +<p><i>solasyd</i>, 24/<a href = "#line655">657</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +solaced, comforted.</p> + +<p><i>solemnite</i>, 56/<a href = "#line1590">1591</a>, <i>sb.</i> +pride.</p> + +<p><i>sotell</i>, 61/<a href = "#line1760">1761</a>, <i>adj.</i> subtle, +sly.</p> + +<p><i>sownyng</i>, 49/<a href = "#line1400">1400</a>, 62/<a href = +"#line1780">1782</a>, 90/<a href = "#line2615">2615</a>, <i>sb.</i> +swooning.</p> + +<p><i>sparid</i>, 73/<a href = "#line2095">2096</a>, <i>pr. pl.</i> +barred, blocked up.</p> + +<p><i>sped</i>, 3/<a href = "#line70">70</a>, <i>prs. conj.</i> +speed.</p> + +<p><i>spent</i>, 67/<a href = "#line1910">1910</a>, <i>pp.</i> lost.</p> + +<p><i>sperryd</i>, 14/<a href = "#line365">364</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +barred, shut up.</p> + +<p><i>sperrys</i>, 5/<a href = "#line125">127</a>, <i>sb.</i> spire, +tree.</p> + +<p><i>spousage</i>, 62/<a href = "#line1790">1791</a>, <i>sb.</i> +spousage.</p> + +<p><i>sprent</i>, 7/<a href = "#line180">181</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +lept.</p> + +<p><i>spryt</i>, 7/<a href = "#line180">181</a>, <i>sb.</i> pole.</p> + +<p><i>stad</i>,* 55/<a href = "#line1565">1566</a>, <i>sb.</i> +stead.</p> + +<p><i>state</i>, 60/<a href = "#line1730">1729</a>, <i>sb.</i> chair of +state.</p> + +<p><i>stere</i>,* 24/<a href = "#line660">662</a>, <i>vb. refl.</i> +move.</p> + +<p><i>steryng</i>, 62/<a href = "#line1785">1785</a>, <i>p. prs.</i> +stirring, moving.</p> + +<p><i>stomlyng</i>, 24/<a href = "#line660">660</a>, <i>p. prs.</i> +stumbling.</p> + +<p><i>storrope</i>, 35/<a href = "#line985">987</a>, <ins class = +"correction" title = "word missing"><i>sb.</i></ins> stirrup.</p> + +<p><i>strake</i>, 2/<a href = "#line40">42</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +struck.</p> + +<p><i>styll</i>, 18/<a href = "#line475">477</a>, <i>sb.</i> steel.</p> + +<p><i>swathing band</i>, 67/<a href = "#line1915">1917</a>, <i>sb.</i> +swath.</p> + +<p><i>swowe</i>,* 20/<a href = "#line545">548</a>, <i>sb.</i> noise;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +cf. <a href = "#note542">the note</a>.</p> + +<p><i>sybbe</i>,* 27/<a href = "#line740">739</a>, <i>sb.</i> +kinsman.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<a name = "letter_t" id = "letter_t" href = +"#glossary"><i>takyll</i></a>, 49/<a href = "#line1400">1402</a>, +<i>sb.</i> tackling.</p> + +<p><i>tall</i>, 26/<a href = "#line735">734</a>, <i>sb.</i> tale.</p> + +<p><i>tene</i>, 3/<a href = "#line70">73</a>, <i>sb.</i> grief, +sorrow.</p> + +<p><i>the</i>, 2/<a href = "#line50">49</a>, <i>vb.</i> to thrive.</p> + +<p><i>thede</i>,* 60/<a href = "#line1725">1728</a>, <i>sb.</i> +people.</p> + +<p><i>thefe</i>, 46/<a href = "#line1290">1292</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>theffe</i>, 58/<a href = "#line1660">1659</a>, <i>sb.</i> +villain.</p> + +<p><i>theves</i>, 61/<a href = "#line1760">1760</a>, <i>sb. pl.</i> +villains.</p> + +<p><i>thole</i>,* 17/<a href = "#line460">460</a>, <i>vb.</i> to +suffer.</p> + +<p><i>throng</i>, 38/<a href = "#line1055">1057</a>, <i>sb.</i> crowd, +troop.</p> + +<p><i>thronge</i>, 79/<a href = "#line2280">2283</a>, <i>pr. pl.</i> +thronged, pressed.</p> + +<p><i>tombelyd</i>, 42/<a href = "#line1170">1173</a>, <i>pr. pl.</i> +tumbled.</p> + +<p><i>to-sheverd</i>, 42/<a href = "#line1170">1172</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +shivered in pieces.</p> + +<p><i>trast</i>,* 17/<a href = "#line455">455</a>,? <i>vb.</i> to +trust.</p> + +<p><i>trayll</i>, 46/<a href = "#line1315">1314</a>, <i>vb.</i> to +trail.</p> + +<p><i>trayn</i>, 29/<a href = "#line800">803</a>, 51/<a href = +"#line1455">1455</a>, <i>sb.</i> treachery, deceit.</p> + +<p><i>trompettys</i>, 29/<a href = "#line815">816</a>, 34/<a href = +"#line440">443</a>,</p> + +<p><i>trumpettes</i>, 41/<a href = "#line1165">1164</a>, <i>sb. pl.</i> +trumpets.</p> + +<p><i>trovylld</i>, 17/<a href = "#line450">452</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +travailed, exerted himself.</p> + +<p><i>trow</i>, 21/<a href = "#line570">572</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +believe.</p> + +<p><i>trusse</i>, 13/<a href = "#line355">354</a>, <i>vb.</i> to +truss.</p> + +<p><i>trussyd</i>, 14/<a href = "#line370">371</a>, <i>pr. pl.</i> +trussed.</p> + +<p><i>tyed</i>, 92/<a href = "#line2655">2658</a>, <i>pp.</i>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +cf. <a href = "#note2658">the note</a>.</p> + +<p><i>tyght</i>, 22/<a href = "#line590">589</a>, <i>adj.</i> tight.</p> + +<p><i>tyght</i>, 25/<a href = "#line690">690</a>, <i>adv.</i> in phr. +<i>ase tyght</i>, at once.</p> + +<p><i>tymbyr</i>, 2/<a href = "#line40">40</a>, 81/<a href = +"#line2350">2349</a>, 86/<a href = "#line2480">2483</a>, <ins class = +"correction" title = "word missing"><i>sb.</i></ins> lance.</p> + +<p><i>tynding</i>, 42/<a href = "#line1180">1181</a>, <i>sb.</i> +beating;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +cf. <a href = "#note1181">the note</a>.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<a name = "letter_v" id = "letter_v" href = "#glossary"><i>vale</i></a>, +s. <i>hede</i>.</p> + +<p><i>venturus</i>, 55/<a href = "#line1565">1566</a>, <i>adj.</i> +adventurous, dangerous.</p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page117" id = "page117">117</a></span> +<p><i>vetelid</i>, 76/<a href = "#line2185">2188</a>, <i>pp.</i> +supplied with provisions.</p> + +<p><i>victoure</i>, 83/<a href = "#line2410">2411</a>, <i>sb.</i> +victor.</p> + +<p><i>vnbrydeled</i>, 54/<a href = "#line1550">1552</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +unbridled.</p> + +<p><i>vnder</i>, 71/<a href = "#line2030">2029</a>, <i>sb.</i> noon.</p> + +<p><i>vndyr-nethe</i>, 20/<a href = "#line540">542</a>, <i>prep.</i> +underneath.</p> + +<p><i>vndertane</i>, 61/<a href = "#line1730">1733</a>, <i>vb.</i> to +undertake.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<a name = "letter_w" id = "letter_w" href = +"#glossary"><i>walloyng</i></a>, 7/<a href = "#line190">189</a>, <i>prs. +p.</i> wallowing.</p> + +<p><i>wanne</i>, 62/<a href = "#line1765">1767</a>, <i>adj.</i> wan, +dark.</p> + +<p><i>ward</i>, 48/<a href = "#line1350">1351</a>, <i>sb.</i> +warden.</p> + +<p><i>waried</i>, 43/<a href = "#line1210">1211</a>, 88/<a href = +"#line2545">2544</a>, <i>pr. pl.</i> cursed;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>waried</i>, 54/<a href = "#line1535">1537</a>, <i>pp.</i> cursed.</p> + +<p><i>warne</i>, 29/<a href = "#line795">795</a>, <i>prs. s.</i> deny, +refuse.</p> + +<p><i>water fflood</i>, 65/<a href = "#line1870">1872</a>, <i>sb.</i> +water-flood.</p> + +<p><i>watt</i>, 44/<a href = "#line1245">1247</a>, <i>prs. 3 sg.</i> +knows.</p> + +<p><i>wax</i>, 3/<a href = "#line70">73</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> became.</p> + +<p><i>wede</i>, 2/<a href = "#line30">33</a>, <i>sb.</i> garment, +dress.</p> + +<p><i>wekid</i>, 80/<a href = "#line2300">2302</a>, <i>adj.</i> +wicked;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +see <a href = "#note2302">the note</a>.</p> + +<p><i>were</i>, 57/<a href = "#line1620">1623</a>, <i>vb.</i> to get +tired.</p> + +<p><i>were</i>, 28/<a href = "#line770">773</a>, <i>adj.</i> aware.</p> + +<p><i>wet-saffe</i>, 17/<a href = "#line465">466</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +vouchsafe.</p> + +<p><i>wexe</i>,* 9/<a href = "#line235">237</a>, <i>pr. pl.</i> +became.</p> + +<p><i>wight</i>, 54/<a href = "#line1550">1551</a>, <i>sb.</i> +white.</p> + +<p><i>wilsom</i>, 71/<a href = "#line2030">2030</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>wyld-som</i>, 20/<a href = "#line535">535</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>wyldsome</i>, 19/<a href = "#line505">506</a>, <i>adj.</i> wild, +desert.</p> + +<p><i>wis</i>, 53/<a href = "#line1525">1525</a>, <i>vb.</i> to +show.</p> + +<p><i>wod</i>, 14/<a href = "#line375">377</a>, <i>adj.</i> mad.</p> + +<p><i>won</i>, 4/<a href = "#line95">94</a>, <i>adj.</i> one.</p> + +<p><i>wonande</i>, 1/<a href = "#line15">14</a>, <i>p. prs.</i> +living.</p> + +<p><i>wondyr-thyng</i>, 2/<a href = "#line50">53</a>, <i>sb.</i> +wondrous thing.</p> + +<p><i>wonne</i>, 46/<a href = "#line1295">1295</a>, <i>sb.</i> custom, +expedient.</p> + +<p><i>wonne</i>, 46/<a href = "#line1305">1307</a>, <i>pp.</i> wont? cf. +<a href = "#note1307">the note</a>.</p> + +<p><i>wonne</i>, 65/<a href = "#line1870">1870</a>, <i>p.</i> dwelling, +living?</p> + +<p><i>wonne</i>, 69/<a href = "#line1995">1995</a>, <i>pp.</i> won.</p> + +<p><i>wrought vp</i>, 54/<a href = "#line1530">1532</a>, <i>pr. s.</i> +built up, raised.</p> + +<p><i>wyght</i>,* 1/<a href = "#line15">15</a>, 3/<ins class = +"correction" title = "error for comma?"><a href = +"#line60">60</a>.</ins></p> + +<p><i>wyt</i>, 27/<a href = "#line750">749</a>,</p> + +<p><i>wyhte</i>, 30/<ins class = "correction" title = +"text reads ‘548’"><a href = "#line845">848</a></ins>, +<i>adj.</i> wight.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<a name = "letter_y" id = "letter_y" href = +"#glossary"><i>yare</i></a>,* 7/<a href = "#line175">177</a>,* 14/<a +href = "#line370">369</a>, 47/<a href = "#line1320">1320</a>, +<i>adv.</i> wholly, yarely.</p> + +<p><i>yatis gone</i>, 71/<a href = "#line2025">2025</a>, <i>sb. pl.</i> +footpaths.</p> + +<p><i>yell</i>, 46/<a href = "#line1305">1305</a>, <i>vb.</i> to +yell.</p> + +<p><i>yell</i>, 52/<a href = "#line1485">1487</a>, <i>sb.</i> yell.</p> + +<p><i>yf</i>, 61/<a href = "#line1740">1740</a>, <i>imp. s.</i></p> + +<p><i>yff</i>, 70/<a href = "#line2010">2009</a>, <i>prs. conj. s.</i> +may give.</p> + +<p><i>ylke</i>, 25/<a href = "#line695">694</a>, 63/<a href = +"#line1800">1801</a>, <i>pron.</i> same.</p> + + +<p><a name = "page118" id = "page118"> </a></p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page119" id = "page119">119</a></span> + +<h3><a name = "names" id = "names">INDEX OF NAMES.</a></h3> + +<p><i>Adolake</i>, <a href = "#line435">434</a>, the name of a +sword;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Adyloke</i>, <a href = "#line665">665</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Hatheloke</i>, <a href = "#line790">791</a>.</p> + +<p><i>Adryan</i>, <a href = "#line925">927</a>, St. Hadrian.</p> + +<p><i>Amyas</i>, <a href = "#line345">345</a>, a young prince.</p> + +<p><i>Antioche</i>, <a href = "#line2230">2229</a>, Antiochia.</p> + +<p><i>Antony</i>, <a href = "#line1875">1874</a>, <a href = +"#line1940">1940</a>, <a href = "#line1970">1970</a>, <a href = +"#line2555">2558</a>, St. Antony.</p> + +<p><i>Antony fice greffoun</i>, <a href = "#line1995">1998</a>, +<a href = "#line2435">2435</a>, <a href = "#line2475">2476</a>, +<i>Torrent’s</i> son.</p> + +<p><i>Aragon</i>, <a href = "#line1115">1114</a>, +<a href = "#line1150">1152</a>, <a href = "#line1180">1182</a>, +<a href = "#line1210">1212</a>, <a href = "#line1255">1257</a>, +<a href = "#line1325">1325</a>, <a href = "#line2110">2110</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Eragon</i>, <a href = "#line765">765</a>.</p> + +<p><i>Awsden</i>, <a href = "#line1030">1029</a>, St. Austin.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<i>Be-gon-mese</i>, <a href = "#line100">101</a>, a giant.</p> + +<p><i>Berweyne</i>, <a href = "#line345">344</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +see <i>Jakys</i>.</p> + +<p><i>Brasille</i>, <a href = "#line1450">1450</a>, a forest on the +Norwegian coast.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<i>Calabur</i>, <a href = "#line845">847</a>, +<a href = "#line905">907</a>, <a href = "#line950">952</a>, +<a href = "#line1060">1059</a>, <a href = "#line1320">1320</a>, +<a href = "#line2110">2113</a>, Calabria.</p> + +<p><i>Calamond</i>, <a href = "#line1220">1221</a>, King of +Portugal;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Calomond</i>, <a href = "#line2115">2116</a>, +<a href = "#line2165">2168</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Colomand</i>, <a href = "#line2105">2104</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Colomond</i>, <a href = "#line1405">1408</a>, +<a href = "#line2140">2143</a>.</p> + +<p><i>Cardon</i>, <a href = "#line1090">1091</a>, a town in +Calabria.</p> + +<p><i>Cargon</i>, <a href = "#line1325">1326</a>, a town in Aragon.</p> + +<p><i>Cate</i>, <a href = "#line1235">1238</a>, +<a href = "#line1255">1254</a>, <a href = "#line1290">1293</a>, +<a href = "#line1590">1593</a>, a giant.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<i>Desonell<b>e</b></i>, <a href = "#line110">109</a>, +<a href = "#line380">382</a>, <a href = "#line445">446</a>, +<a href = "#line450">450</a>, <a href = "#line475">478</a>, +<a href = "#line670">673</a>, <a href = "#line795">795</a>, +<a href = "#line860">859</a>, <a href = "#line985">985</a>, +<a href = "#line1100">1102</a>, <a href = "#line1135">1135</a>, +<a href = "#line1160">1161</a>, <a href = "#line1360">1359</a>, +<a href = "#line1390">1393</a>, <a href = "#line1700">1703</a>, +<a href = "#line1780">1780</a>, <a href = "#line2005">2006</a>, +<a href = "#line2060">2059</a>, <a href = "#line2075">2077</a>, +<a href = "#line2090">2092</a>, <a href = "#line2170">2173</a>, +<a href = "#line2400">2401</a>, <a href = "#line2425">2424</a>, +<a href = "#line2500">2500</a>, <a href = "#line2510">2509</a>, +<a href = "#line2520">2523</a>, <a href = "#line2530">2533</a>, +<a href = "#line2585">2587</a>, <ins class = "correction" +title = "text has ; for ,"><a href = "#line2615">2614</a>,</ins> +King <i>Calamond’s</i> daughter, <i>Torrent’s</i> spouse;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Dissonell<b>e</b></i>, <a href = "#line1330">1329</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Dysonell<b>e</b></i>, <a href = "#line30">32</a>.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<i>Elyoner</i>, <a href = "#line345">347</a>, daughter of the King of +<i>Gales</i>.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<i>Flonthus</i>, <a href = "#line1005">1005</a>, <i>Slonges of +Flonthus</i>, a giant.</p> + +<p><i>Fuolles</i>, <a href = "#line745">748</a>, <i>Slogus of +Fuolles</i>, variation of the former name.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<i>Gales</i>, <a href = "#line345">346</a>, +<a href = "#line405">408</a>, <a href = "#line415">417</a>.</p> + +<p><i>Gendres</i>, <a href = "#line1745">1747</a>, daughter of the King +of Norway.</p> + +<p><i>George</i>, <a href = "#line1675">1677</a>, St. George.</p> + +<p><i>Grece</i>, <a href = "#line2420">2419</a>, +<a href = "#line2435">2434</a>, <a href = "#line2555">2557</a>, +<a href = "#line2640">2643</a>, Greece.</p> + +<p><i>Grekes</i>, <a href = "#line80">79</a>, +<a href = "#line1280">1282</a>, <a href = "#line2180">2179</a>, +<a href = "#line2645">2645</a>, Greeks.</p> + +<p><i>Gryffen</i>, <a href = "#line1215">1215</a>, St. Griffon.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<i>Hungry</i>, <a href = "#line970">970</a>, Hungary.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<i>Jakys</i>, <a href = "#line345">344</a>, <i>Jakys of Berweyne</i>, a +young prince.</p> + +<p><i>Jame</i>, <a href = "#line745">744</a>, +<a href = "#line785">788</a>, St. James.</p> + +<p><i>Jerusalem</i>, <a href = "#line1895">1897</a>, +<a href = "#line1920">1921</a>, <a href = "#line1935">1938</a>, +<a href = "#line2235">2236</a>, <a href = "#line2245">2245</a>, +<a href = "#line2275">2275</a>, <a href = "#line2425">2426</a>, +<a href = "#line2470">2473</a>, <a href = "#line2555">2554</a>, +<a href = "#line2630">2633</a>.</p> + +<p><i>Jesus</i>, <a href = "#line135">134</a>, +<a href = "#line275">274</a>, <a href = "#line535">537</a>, +<a href = "#line540">540</a>, <a href = "#line675">675</a>, +<a href = "#line995">996</a>, <a href = "#line1340">1340</a>, +<a href = "#line1370">1371</a>, <a href = "#line1380">1382</a>, +<a href = "#line1445">1447</a>, <a href = "#line1540">1539</a>, +<a href = "#line1565">1564</a>, <a href = "#line1700">1702</a>, +<a href = "#line1800">1799</a>, <a href = "#line1935">1937</a>, +<a href = "#line1985">1985</a>, <a href = "#line1995">1997</a>, +<a href = "#line2215">2218</a>, <a href = "#line2580">2580</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Iesu Cryst</i>, <a href = "#line205">206</a>, +<a href = "#line530">529</a>, <a href = "#line1275">1275</a>, +<a href = "#line1830">1832</a>, <a href = "#line1850">1852</a>, +<a href = "#line2665">2664</a>.</p> + +<p><i>John</i>, <a href = "#line1885">1884</a>, +<a href = "#line2140">2140</a>, <a href = "#line2515">2514</a>, +<a href = "#line2560">2559</a>, St. John.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<i>Katryn</i>, <a href = "#line2050">2053</a>, St. Catherine.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<i>Leobertus</i>, <a href = "#line1925">1925</a>, +<a href = "#line2245">2246</a>, <a href = "#line2475">2477</a>, +<i>Torrent’s</i> son.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<i>Marre</i>, <a href = "#line85">85</a>, +<a href = "#line625">624</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Mary</i>, <a href = "#line135">136</a>, +<a href = "#line1305">1308</a>, <a href = "#line1565">1565</a>, +<a href = "#line1645">1646</a>, <a href = "#line1885">1888</a>, +<a href = "#line1905">1906</a>, <a href = "#line1945">1946</a>, +<a href = "#line1970">1969</a>, <a href = "#line2095">2098</a>, +<a href = "#line2310">2311</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Marry</i>, <a href = "#line60">61</a>, <a href = "#line260">259</a>, +<a href = "#line860">863</a>.</p> + +<p><i>Mavdeleyn</i>, <a href = "#line490">489</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Mawdleyn</i>, <a href = "#line505">505</a>, +<a href = "#line735">737</a>, Maudlin, name of a forest.</p> + +<p><i>Mownpolyardnus</i>, <a href = "#line715">716</a>, the name of a +sword.</p> + +<p><i>Myhell<b>e</b></i>, <a href = "#line750">753</a>, St. Michael.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<i>Nazareth</i>, <a href = "#line465">465</a>, +<a href = "#line2030">2032</a>, <a href = "#line2040">2041</a>, +<a href = "#line2390">2389</a>, <a href = "#line2435">2437</a>, +<a href = "#line2525">2528</a>.</p> + +<span class = "pagenum"> +<a name = "page120" id = "page120">120</a></span> +<p><i>Norway</i>, <a href = "#line1370">1370</a>, +<a href = "#line1375">1377</a>, <a href = "#line1410">1412</a>, +<a href = "#line1415">1417</a>, <a href = "#line1760">1759</a>, +<a href = "#line1780">1781</a>, <a href = "#line2080">2083</a>.</p> + +<p><i>Nycholas de Barr</i>, <a href = "#line1335">1337</a>, St. Nicholas +de Bari;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +see <a href = "#note1337">the note</a>.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<i>Peron</i>, <a href = "#line1775">1776</a>, +<a href = "#line1830">1830</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Perowne</i>, <a href = "#line660">659</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Perrown</i>, <a href = "#line410">412</a>, a town in Portugal.</p> + +<p><i>Pervens</i>, <a href = "#line420">420</a>, +<a href = "#line1095">1095</a>, <a href = "#line1320">1320</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Pervyns</i>, <a href = "#line865">868</a>, +<a href = "#line2110">2113</a>, Provence;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Provyns</i>, <a href = "#line395">397</a>, +<a href = "#line410">413</a>.</p> + +<p><i>Portingale</i>, <a href = "#line1070">1069</a>, +<a href = "#line1345">1346</a>, <a href = "#line2090">2090</a>, +<a href = "#line2095">2095</a>, <a href = "#line2590">2593</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Portyngale</i>, <a href = "#line1770">1772</a>, +<a href = "#line2135">2134</a>, <a href = "#line2175">2176</a>, +<a href = "#line2410">2413</a>, <a href = "#line2620">2620</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Portynggall<b>e</b></i>, <a href = "#line10">13</a>, +<a href = "#line25">25</a>, <a href = "#line375">374</a>, +<a href = "#line400">399</a>, <a href = "#line725">727</a>, +<a href = "#line760">763</a>, <a href = "#line875">877</a>, +<a href = "#line880">883</a>, <a href = "#line1255">1255</a>, +Portugal.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<i>Quarell<b>e</b></i>, <a href = "#line2180">2182</a>, +<a href = "#line2415">2415</a>, a town in Syria.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<i>Raynes</i>, <a href = "#line2415">2414</a>, a town in Syria.</p> + +<p><i>Rochense</i>, <a href = "#line635">637</a>, a giant.</p> + +<p><i>Rome</i>, <a href = "#line10">12</a>, +<a href = "#line115">118</a>, <a href = "#line185">187</a>, +<a href = "#line190">190</a>, <a href = "#line195">198</a>, +<a href = "#line555">558</a>, <a href = "#line925">924</a>, +<a href = "#line1225">1224</a>, <a href = "#line1280">1282</a>, +<a href = "#line1320">1319</a>, <a href = "#line1925">1924</a>, +<a href = "#line2180">2183</a>, <a href = "#line2625">2626</a>, +<a href = "#line2660">2661</a>.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<i>Samson</i>, <a href = "#line95">95</a>, Samson.</p> + +<p><i><ins class = "correction" title = "text reads ‘Sarzins’">Sarȝins</ins></i>, +<a href = "#line2230">2232</a>, Saracens.</p> + +<p><i>Sathanas</i>, <a href = "#line1235">1237</a>, Satan.</p> + +<p><i>Slochys</i>, <a href = "#line850">850</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Slogus</i>, <a href = "#line745">748</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Slonges</i>, <a href = "#line1005">1005</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Slongus</i>, <a href = "#line965">967</a>, a giant.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<i>Torrayne</i>, <a href = "#line25">26</a>, Touraine.</p> + +<p><i>Torren</i>, <a href = "#line340">343</a>.</p> + +<p><i>Torrent</i>, <a href = "#line35">34</a>, +<a href = "#line45">46</a>, <a href = "#line50">49</a>, +<a href = "#line60">61</a>, <a href = "#line90">91</a>, +<a href = "#line130">133</a>, <a href = "#line145">148</a>, +<a href = "#line180">181</a>, <a href = "#line200">200</a>, +<a href = "#line200">203</a>, <a href = "#line215">217</a>, +<a href = "#line225">224</a>, <a href = "#line230">230</a>, +<a href = "#line250">252</a>, <a href = "#line280">280</a>, +<a href = "#line295">295</a>, <a href = "#line300">302</a>, +<a href = "#line315">314</a>, <a href = "#line390">392</a>, +<a href = "#line400">399</a>, <a href = "#line430">432</a>, +<a href = "#line465">466</a>, <a href = "#line470">470</a>, +<a href = "#line475">477</a>, <a href = "#line480">480</a>, +<a href = "#line495">495</a>, <a href = "#line505">504</a>, +<a href = "#line520">519</a>, <a href = "#line525">528</a>, +<a href = "#line540">540</a>, <a href = "#line555">556</a>, +<a href = "#line575">577</a>, <a href = "#line585">585</a>, +<a href = "#line590">591</a>, <a href = "#line620">621</a>, +<a href = "#line635">634</a>, <a href = "#line640">642</a>, +<a href = "#line645">645</a>, <a href = "#line645">648</a>, +<a href = "#line660">663</a>, <a href = "#line670">670</a>, +<a href = "#line675">677</a>, <a href = "#line680">681</a>, +<a href = "#line685">687</a>, <a href = "#line690">691</a>, +<a href = "#line690">693</a>, <a href = "#line700">699</a>, +<a href = "#line730">733</a>, <a href = "#line740">739</a>, +<a href = "#line750">752</a>, <a href = "#line765">768</a>, +<a href = "#line770">772</a>, <a href = "#line820">819</a>, +<a href = "#line825">824</a>, <a href = "#line825">825</a>, +<a href = "#line825">828</a>, <a href = "#line835">834</a>, +<a href = "#line840">839</a>, <a href = "#line840">843</a>, +<a href = "#line850">852</a>, <a href = "#line875">877</a>, +<a href = "#line880">883</a>, <a href = "#line895">896</a>, +<a href = "#line945">946</a>, <a href = "#line955">957</a>, +<a href = "#line985">984</a>, <a href = "#line985">987</a>, +<a href = "#line1000">999</a>, <a href = "#line1005">1006</a>, +<a href = "#line1020">1021</a>, <a href = "#line1020">1023</a>, +<a href = "#line1040">1039</a>, <a href = "#line1045">1044</a>, +<a href = "#line1050">1051</a>, <a href = "#line1060">1060</a>, +<a href = "#line1070">1072</a>, <a href = "#line1120">1119</a>, +<a href = "#line1160">1163</a>, <a href = "#line1165">1167</a>, +<a href = "#line1170">1170</a>, <a href = "#line1175">1176</a>, +<a href = "#line1200">1200</a>, <a href = "#line1255">1256</a>, +<a href = "#line1260">1263</a>, <a href = "#line1270">1270</a>, +<a href = "#line1285">1284</a>, <a href = "#line1295">1298</a>, +<a href = "#line1415">1414</a>, <a href = "#line1435">1434</a>, +<a href = "#line1480">1480</a>, <a href = "#line1535">1535</a>, +<a href = "#line1700">1699</a>, <a href = "#line1755">1756</a>, +<a href = "#line1835">1838</a>, <a href = "#line1900">1903</a>, +<a href = "#line2080">2081</a>, <a href = "#line2485">2485</a>, +<a href = "#line2630">2630</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Terrant</i>, <a href = "#line140">142</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Terrent</i>, <a href = "#line85">85</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Torent</i>, <a href = "#line155">157</a>, +<a href = "#line205">205</a>, <a href = "#line755">756</a>, +<a href = "#line785">784</a>, <a href = "#line1245">1246</a>, +<a href = "#line1255">1254</a>, <a href = "#line1275">1278</a>, +<a href = "#line1290">1293</a>, <a href = "#line1305">1307</a>, +<a href = "#line1315">1317</a>, <a href = "#line1320">1322</a>, +<a href = "#line1325">1325</a>, <a href = "#line1330">1331</a>, +<a href = "#line1345">1347</a>, <a href = "#line1355">1355</a>, +<a href = "#line1365">1367</a>, <a href = "#line1380">1379</a>, +<a href = "#line1390">1391</a>, <a href = "#line1435">1437</a>, +<a href = "#line1440">1443</a>, <a href = "#line1495">1494</a>, +<a href = "#line1510">1511</a>, <a href = "#line1515">1517</a>, +<a href = "#line1560">1562</a>, <a href = "#line1570">1569</a>, +<a href = "#line1595">1598</a>, <a href = "#line1610">1613</a>, +<a href = "#line1620">1622</a>, <a href = "#line1725">1724</a>, +<a href = "#line1725">1727</a>, <a href = "#line1780">1780</a>, +<a href = "#line1810">1811</a>, <a href = "#line2085">2084</a>, +<a href = "#line2095">2097</a>, <a href = "#line2105">2107</a>, +<a href = "#line2115">2117</a>, <a href = "#line2120">2120</a>, +<a href = "#line2140">2140</a>, <a href = "#line2150">2150</a>, +<a href = "#line2155">2155</a>, <a href = "#line2180">2179</a>, +<a href = "#line2190">2191</a>, <a href = "#line2195">2197</a>, +<a href = "#line2210">2209</a>, <a href = "#line2225">2224</a>, +<a href = "#line2245">2244</a>, <a href = "#line2255">2257</a>, +<a href = "#line2260">2263</a>, <a href = "#line2270">2269</a>, +<a href = "#line2280">2281</a>, <a href = "#line2330">2330</a>, +<a href = "#line2360">2362</a>, <a href = "#line2380">2380</a>, +<a href = "#line2475">2478</a>, <a href = "#line2480">2479</a>, +<a href = "#line2480">2482</a>, <a href = "#line2490">2489</a>, +<a href = "#line2495">2495</a>, <a href = "#line2500">2501</a>, +<a href = "#line2500">2503</a>, <a href = "#line2510">2511</a>, +<a href = "#line2535">2534</a>, <a href = "#line2565">2567</a>, +<a href = "#line2575">2575</a>, <a href = "#line2600">2603</a>, +<a href = "#line2610">2611</a>, <a href = "#line2615">2617</a>, +<a href = "#line2640">2642</a>, <a href = "#line2650">2649</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Torrant</i>, <a href = "#line70">70</a>, <a href = "#line75">76</a>, +<a href = "#line100">103</a>, <a href = "#line240">241</a>, +<a href = "#line250">253</a>, <a href = "#line365">364</a>, +<a href = "#line380">380</a>, <a href = "#line655">657</a>, +<a href = "#line760">760</a>, <a href = "#line840">840</a>, +<a href = "#line960">963</a>;</p> +<p class = "subhead"> +<i>Tyrrant</i>, <a href = "#line15">18</a>.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<i>Velond</i>, <a href = "#line425">427</a>, Veland the smith.</p> + +<p><i>Verdownys</i>, <a href = "#line305">305</a>, +<a href = "#line340">341</a>, <a href = "#line410">410</a>, +son of the King of Provence.</p> + + +<p class = "letter"> +<i>Weraunt</i>, <a href = "#line1650">1650</a>, a giant.</p> +</div> +<!-- end div glossary --> + + +<p class = "center"> +R. CLAY AND SONS, LIMITED, LONDON AND BUNGAY.</p> + + +<div class = "endnote"> +<h4><a name = "endnote" id = "endnote">Typographic Details</a></h4> + +<p>In the Notes and Introduction, long vowels were printed with +circumflex â rather than macron ā. This usage has been retained; +the circumflex accent in its own right does not occur.</p> + +<p>In the Introduction, emphasis within italicized passages was shown +either by reverting to Roman type or by printing the words as <span +class = "extended">gesperrt</span> (extended). In this e-text, both +kinds of emphasis are shown as <i><b>bold</b> italics</i>.</p> + +<p>Loops or flourishes attached to final letters are shown as +<sup>)</sup> (small raised parenthesis).</p> + +<p>The letter “n” with overline is shown as ñ (n-tilde) for better font +support.</p> + +<p>Double “l” in the main text was printed as two l’s with a single +connecting line. They are shown in this e-text as ll̴ (simple l followed +by l with tilde overlay). Note that the printers do not seem to have had +an italic version of this letter pair; in the e-text it is shown as +italic or roman based on the surrounding text.</p> + +<hr /> + +<p>Hyphenization of prefixes in the modern material (introduction, +linenotes, endnotes) does not always match the body text; words are +printed as shown. In citations, capitalization of German is +unchanged.</p> + +<p>Commas at the end of some <a href = "#glossary">Glossary</a> entries +are not errors. The letters I and J are alphabetized together. Initial U +is written and alphabetized as V.</p> +</div> + +</div> +<!-- end div fulltext --> + + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Torrent of Portyngale, by Unknown + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK TORRENT OF PORTYNGALE *** + +***** This file should be named 35190-h.htm or 35190-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/3/5/1/9/35190/ + +Produced by Louise Hope, Taavi Kalju and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +book was produced from scanned images of public domain +material from the Google Print project.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +http://gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need, are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at http://www.pglaf.org. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at +http://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at http://pglaf.org + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit http://pglaf.org + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. +To donate, please visit: http://pglaf.org/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart is the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + http://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. + + +</pre> + +</body> +</html> diff --git a/35190-h/images/microline.png b/35190-h/images/microline.png Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..add93e0 --- /dev/null +++ b/35190-h/images/microline.png diff --git a/35190-h/images/torrent1.png b/35190-h/images/torrent1.png Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..ac6a9e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/35190-h/images/torrent1.png diff --git a/35190-h/images/torrent_i.png b/35190-h/images/torrent_i.png Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..226406d --- /dev/null +++ b/35190-h/images/torrent_i.png |
