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diff --git a/35026-h/35026-h.htm b/35026-h/35026-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1130413 --- /dev/null +++ b/35026-h/35026-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,1658 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> + <head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" /> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" /> + <title> + The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Court Houses of a Century, by Kenneth W. McKay. + </title> + <style type="text/css"> + +body {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;} +h1,h2,h3, +h4,h5,h6 {text-align: center; clear: both;} +p {margin-top: .75em; text-align: justify; margin-bottom: .75em; } +hr {width: 20%; margin-top: 2em; margin-bottom: 2em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; clear: both;} +table {margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 85%;} +.bigger {font-size: 150%;} +.big {font-size: 125%;} +.small {font-size: 75%;} +.tiny {font-size: 50%;} +.nowrap {white-space: nowrap;} +.pagenum {position: absolute; left: 92%; font-size: smaller; text-align: right; } +.bbox {border: solid 2px;} +.center {text-align: center;} +.smcap {font-variant: small-caps;} +.caption {font-weight: bold;} +ins.mycorr {text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px dotted #FF0000;} +.tnote {padding-bottom: .5em; padding-top: .5em; padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; + margin-left: 1em; margin-top: 1em; font-size: smaller; background: #eeeeee; border: solid 1px;} +.figcenter {margin: auto; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-top: 1.5em;} +.figleft { + float: left; + clear: left; + margin-left: 0; + margin-bottom: 1em; + margin-top: 1em; + margin-right: 1em; + padding: 0; + text-align: center; +} +.figright { + float: right; + clear: right; + margin-left: 1em; + margin-bottom: + 1em; + margin-top: 1em; + margin-right: 0; + padding: 0; + text-align: center; +} +.poem {margin-left:10%; margin-right:10%;text-align: left;} +.poem br {display: none;} +.poem .stanza {margin: 1em 0em 1em 0em;} +.poem span.i0 {display: block; margin-left: 0em; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} +.poem span.i2 {display: block; margin-left: 2em; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} +.poem span.i4 {display: block; margin-left: 4em; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} + </style> + </head> +<body> + + +<pre> + +Project Gutenberg's The Court Houses of a Century, by Kenneth W. McKay + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Court Houses of a Century + A Brief Historical Sketch of the Court Houses of London + Distict, the County of Middlesex, and County of Elgin + +Author: Kenneth W. McKay + +Release Date: January 21, 2011 [EBook #35026] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE COURT HOUSES OF A CENTURY *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Louise Pattison and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries) + + + + + + +</pre> + + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 100px;"> +<img src="images/image003.jpg" width="100" height="125" alt="Coat of Arms of the County of Elgin" title="" /> +</div> + +<h1>The Court Houses<br /><br /> +<span class="tiny">—OF A—</span><br /><br /> +Century.<br /></h1> +<hr /> +<p class="center big">1800-1900.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px; margin-top:3em; margin-bottom:3em;"> +<a name="front" id="front"></a> +<img src="images/image002.jpg" width="500" height="318" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption">HOUSE OF LIEUT. JAMES MUNRO, ERECTED 1798, LOT 14, CON. 5, +CHARLOTTEVILLE—USED AS COURT HOUSE, LONDON DISTRICT, 1800-1802. +(<i>Reproduced by permission of the Ontario Historical Society and William +Briggs, Publisher.</i>)</span> +</div> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 100px;"> +<img src="images/image003.jpg" width="100" height="125" alt="Coat of Arms of the County of Elgin" title="" /> +</div> + +<h1>The Court Houses<br /><br /> +<span class="tiny">—OF A—</span><br /><br /> +Century.<br /></h1> + +<p class="center">A Brief Historical Sketch of the Court Houses of the London <br />District, +the County of Middlesex and <br />County of Elgin.</p> + +<p class="center"><span class="small">COMPILED BY</span><br /><br /> +KENNETH W. McKAY, COUNTY CLERK.</p> + +<p class="center"><span class="small">PUBLISHED BY</span><br /><br /> +<span class="bigger">THE ELGIN COUNTY COUNCIL.</span></p> + +<p class="center">With Introduction by James H. Coyne, B. A.</p> + +<p class="center"><span class="smcap">The Times Printing Company of St. Thomas, Limited.</span></p> + +<p class="center">1901.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> + +<h2>CONTENTS.</h2> + + +<div class="center"> +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Table of Contents"> +<tr><td></td><td></td><td align="right">PAGE.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">1.</td><td align="left">Introduction. By J. H. Coyne, B. A.</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_1">1</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">2.</td><td align="left">The Munro House, 1800-1802</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_5">5</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">3.</td><td align="left">The Turkey Point Court House</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_6">6</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">4.</td><td align="left">The Vittoria Court House, 1815-1826</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_7">7</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">5.</td><td align="left">The London Court Houses, 1826-1853</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_7">7</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">6.</td><td align="left">The Elgin Court Houses, 1853-1900</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_9">9</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">7.</td><td align="left">Statistics--Population, Number of Houses, Etc.</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_27">27</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">8.</td><td align="left">Plan of Court House</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_28">28</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="center" colspan="3" class="big">ILLUSTRATIONS.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">1.</td><td align="left"><a href="#front">Frontispiece.</a> The Munro House</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">2.</td><td align="left">The London Court House</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_8">8</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">3.</td><td align="left">Warden Locker, 1852-1855</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_10">10</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">4.</td><td align="left">The Elgin Court House, 1860</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_11">11</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">5.</td><td align="left">D. J. Hughes, Esq., County Judge, 1853</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_12">12</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">6.</td><td align="left">The Elgin Court House Before the Fire</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_13">13</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">7.</td><td align="left">Court Room after the Fire</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_14">14</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">8.</td><td align="left">Wardens 1898-1899, Chairman Building Committee, Architect and Contractor</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_16">16</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">9.</td><td align="left">New Court House</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_17">17</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">10.</td><td align="left">D. J. Hughes, Esq., County Judge, 1899</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_18">18</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">11.</td><td align="left">Court Room</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_19">19</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">12.</td><td align="left">Library</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_20">20</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">13.</td><td align="left">County Council Chamber</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_21">21</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">14.</td><td align="left">County Clerk's Office</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_22">22</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">15.</td><td align="left">Stained Glass Window, Main Stairway</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_23">23</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">16.</td><td align="left">Court House, East Side, showing Jail Entrance</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_24">24</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">17.</td><td align="left">Gaol Yard</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_25">25</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">18.</td><td align="left">A Gaol Ward</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_26">26</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">19.</td><td align="left">Plan of Building</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_28">28</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="center" colspan="3" class="big">REFERENCES.</td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td align="left">District and County Records.</td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td align="left">Oxford Gazetteer, by Shenston.</td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td align="left">U. E. L. Settlement at Long Point, by Tasker.</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<div class="bbox" style="margin-top:4em; margin-bottom: 4em; margin-left:20%; margin-right:20%; +padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;"> +<p><i>"In any age it is a duty which every country owes to itself, to +preserve the records of the past and to honor the men and women whose +lives and deeds made possible its present, and <span class="nowrap">to-day</span> when the whole +civilized world is throbbing to social and political impulses of the +greatest significance for the future, we ought especially to call to +mind such lives and deeds and catch, if we can, inspiration for acting +well the part that falls to each of us."</i></p> +</div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[Pg 1]</a></span></p> + +<h2>INTRODUCTION.</h2> + +<h3>THE PASSING CENTURY.</h3> + +<p>The Wonderful Century is before the bar of history. Its record shows +everywhere progress, consolidation, expansion, improvement. Civilization +has spread, barbarism has given away. Labor has been restored to its +honorable station, and idleness is accounted dishonor. Privilege has +been curtailed, liberty has widened its borders. Slavery has almost +disappeared from the earth. The beneficent forces are stronger. The +comforts and conveniences of life are increased and more evenly +distributed. Disease and pain have been brought under control.</p> + +<p>Life has been made more interesting. Travel is easier and cheaper, and +mankind has become acquainted with the world it inhabits. The stars have +been discovered. They have been weighed and analysed. The human mind has +expanded with wider knowledge.</p> + +<p>The railway, electricity and the Postal Union have gone far to blend the +nations into one. Every day, all round the globe, men read the same +news, think the same thoughts, are thrilled with the same tidings of +heroism or suffering. Human sympathy is broadened and deepened. Mankind +is more homogeneous in spirit. Statecraft, literature, society, have +become democratic and cosmopolitan.</p> + +<p>The spirit of union dominates the century. The forces of disunion and +disintegration are everywhere routed. Mutual benevolence is organized +for greater effectiveness. Universal education, equality of rights and +responsibilities, are principles of government. Religion, emphasizing +points of agreement and ignoring points of difference, manifests itself +in its works as never before.</p> + +<p>The century spans the years from Copenhagen to Paardeburg, from Nelson +and Napoleon to Roberts and Kruger. As the battle of Copenhagen +established the naval supremacy of Britain, so Paardeburg welded the +empire, one and inseparable. In 1800 the principle of a United Empire +was represented by the Loyalists of Upper Canada standing almost alone. +In 1900, borne by their descendants to the distant plains of South +Africa, it reached its full fruition in the final charge by the +Canadians<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">[Pg 2]</a></span> under Otter, on the banks of the Modder River. The principle +includes the realization of all that the century stands for—union, +equal rights, progress, justice, humanity.</p> + +<p>It is my task to say a brief foreword on the progress of Canada and +especially the county of Elgin. The beginning of the century found +Ontario almost an unbroken wilderness. Rare and scanty were the +clearings here and there along Lakes Erie and Ontario, and on the great +rivers. The winter express from Detroit to York or Niagara, made its way +along the lonely forest path. At long intervals only did he perceive the +smoke rising in the crisp air, from the hospitable and welcome cabin. +The frightened deer bounded across his path into the deeper woods. The +bear hybernated in the hollow tree. The long howling of the wolves broke +on the midnight air. The lynx and panther crouched among the branches, +ready to spring on the unwary traveller. The only sign of human life was +the Indian hunter following the trail of the turkey or wild beast.</p> + +<p>It was in the first year of the century that a young man of twenty-nine, +giving up brilliant prospects in the army, and turning his back on +society, found his way to the township of Yarmouth and began a clearing +at or near Port Stanley. With royal dukes for his advocates, he applied +to the Imperial authorities for a large grant of land to form a +settlement. Two years later he succeeded. Yarmouth had been appropriated +to others, and Colonel Thomas Talbot began his actual settlement in +Dunwich. In the middle of the century, or more accurately in the year +1853, he died. In the same year the separation of Elgin from Middlesex +was completed, and Colonel Talbot's "capital," St. Thomas, was made the +County Town.</p> + +<p>Nearly another half century has passed since then, and it includes the +history of the County of Elgin as a separate municipality.</p> + +<p>The death of the eccentric founder of the settlement divides nearly +equally the history of the county from the time when its only +inhabitants were the bear, wolf and panther, to the end of the century, +which finds the county well cleared and cultivated throughout its entire +extent; intersected by splendid highways, including the lines of five +railway companies; peopled with a numerous and enterprising community, +God-fearing and law-abiding, industrious and prosperous. The thriving +city of St. Thomas, the enterprising and flourishing town of Aylmer, and +numerous promising villages, advancing with rapid strides in magnitude +and importance, form centres of population, where a century ago the +primeval silence was unbroken, save by the footfall of the Mississaga +ranging the woods in pursuit of game.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[Pg 3]</a></span></p> + +<p>It was during the first decades of the century that the pioneers came. +From them the present population is largely sprung. Dunwich was the +first to be settled. A few immigrants from the Eastern States settled +near Port Talbot. Then the overflow of settlement from Long Point made +itself felt in Southwold, Yarmouth, Malahide and Bayham. Before 1820 the +Highland settlements began in Aldborough and Dunwich. The wanderings of +the Kildonan settlers from Hudson's Bay to Red River, and thence +eastward to Upper Canada and southward, to the settlements on Lake Erie, +add a tragic episode to the story of the pioneers of West Elgin. Their +hardships, sufferings and heroism can never be forgotten. Much later +came the settlement of South Dorchester.</p> + +<p>These were the men who felled the forest, let the sunlight into the +wilderness, drained the swamps, cleared and fenced the bush, made the +roads and bridged the fords, "drave out the beasts," and established +schools and churches. They were the sifted grain of Canadian +immigration. For the Colonel was determined to have none but the loyal, +industrious and enterprising, and was discriminating in the choice of +settlers for this County, among the numerous applicants for land.</p> + +<p>Such were the pioneers of Elgin. We inherit the fruits of their +strenuous toil and struggle. It was they who, with dauntless courage and +unfaltering determination, braved all hardships, the loneliness, the +privations, the sufferings of pioneer life, that we might enjoy the +harvest of their labors. They slept on the bare ground in the forest +shanty, and hewed with mighty toil the log huts, that their sons might +live in framed houses, and their grandchildren in houses of brick +furnished with the appliances of modern civilization. They sowed and we +reap.</p> + +<p>In the old churchyards at Tyrconnel, New Glasgow, St. Thomas, and +elsewhere near the lake shore, they rest well after their labors. The +mouldered headboards have given way to the marble slab or stately +monument, that records their brief history—that they lived and died. +Their true and imperishable monument is the manhood and womanhood of +Elgin, the beautiful farms and homes, the noble institutions of religion +and education. Their names will be forever honored among the founders of +the Canadian nation, and after a thousand years men will be proud to +count their descent from the pioneers of Elgin.</p> + +<p>The public buildings of a community are a fair index of the character of +the people. In this view, the completion of the new Court House is an +event, and its evolution, as recorded in this volume, is a study of +historical and sociological value.</p> + +<p>The new building is admirably adapted to the purposes for<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[Pg 4]</a></span> which it is +intended. It is up-to-date in every particular. Visitors from other +parts pronounce it, as its predecessor was pronounced when first +erected, one of the handsomest and most commodious public buildings in +the Province. The architect and contractors have done their part well; +but the credit is mainly and beyond all due to the public spirit of the +people of Elgin, who were resolved that nothing short of best would +satisfy them, and who were willing to be taxed to a reasonable extent +upon the sole condition that the building should be well and honestly +built, be a credit to the county and answer its purpose.</p> + +<p>Doubtless before another century rolls round, the increase of population +and wealth may call for an enlarged building, but it is certain that no +changes in architectural science will produce one that will better +reflect the intelligence and enterprise, the wealth and the culture of +the people, than the beautiful and commodious structure, which is <span class="nowrap">to-day</span> +the pride and the boast of the citizens of this county.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;"><span class="smcap">James H. Coyne.</span></span><br /> +</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</a></span></p> +<h2>The Court Houses of a Century.</h2> + + +<p>The History of the Court Houses of Ontario is closely associated with +the development of the Province. The first recognition of population in +South Western Ontario was the formation in 1788, of the District of +Hesse and the appointment of Justices of the Court of Common Pleas, and +other officials.</p> + +<p>The only inhabitants were in the French settlements around Detroit, +where the barracks and Government House were located. In 1792 Upper +Canada, now Ontario, was divided into nineteen Counties, Norfolk, +Suffolk, Essex and Kent occupying nearly the same territory as the +District of Hesse. Representatives to the Provincial Parliament were +elected and, at the first session convened at Niagara in September, +1792, an Act was passed for building a Gaol and Court House in every +district, and for altering the names of the districts. Hesse was +hereafter called the Western District, and the Court House and Gaol was +ordered to be built at Detroit. The Courts were held there until the +evacuation of Detroit by the British in 1795, after which they were held +in the Parish of Assumption, now Sandwich. D. W. Smith, in his Gazetteer +of 1799, states: "That there is a good Gaol and Court House," in +Sandwich, "situated a little below the fort of Detroit, on the east side +of the <a name="corr_10" id="corr_10"></a><ins class="mycorr" title="Original: river.">river."</ins></p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>The Munro House, 1800-1802.</h2> + + +<p>The U. E. Loyalists settlement of Norfolk commenced in 1793, and in 1798 +the rapid increase in population was recognized by a division of the +Western District and the formation of three Counties, Norfolk, Oxford +and Middlesex to be known as the London District. This was organized by +the appointment of a general commission of the peace and the necessary +officials. The first meeting of the resident Magistrates was held in the +house of Lieutenant James Munro, of Charlotteville, on 1st April, 1800, +for the purpose of carrying the Commission into execution, and the first +General Quarter Sessions of the Peace for the District was ordered to be +holden at the same place on Tuesday, the 8th day of April, <a name="corr_17" id="corr_17"></a><ins class="mycorr" title="Original: 1900">1800</ins>.</p> + +<p>The Munro House above referred to, was built in 1796, on lot 14 in the +5th concession of Charlotteville. It was the best house which had been +erected up to that time, and stands <span class="nowrap">to-day</span> as an old land mark, about a +half mile back from the road<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[Pg 6]</a></span> running straight west from Vittoria. It is +a two story frame house of considerable size. The frame was made of hewn +timber, with bents four feet apart, strengthened by tie girths, morticed +and <a name="corr_16" id="corr_16"></a><ins class="mycorr" title="Original: tendoned.">tenoned</ins>—a marvel of axeman's skill. The planks for the floor and +sheeting were cut out by the whip saw. The original roof is on the +building at the present time. The shingles are of cedar, rudely whittled +by the draw knife, and show in places an original thickness of over an +inch.</p> + +<p>A temporary jail was erected near the house, a log building fourteen +feet by twenty-five feet, divided into two rooms—one for the debtors +and the other for those charged with criminal offences. This building +was erected during the winter of 1800 by day labor, and was used for +nearly a year. The courts were held here until 1802, when they were +removed to Turkey Point or Fort Norfolk under the authority of an Act +passed in the year 1801.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>Turkey Point, 1802-1812.</h2> + + +<p>The Courts at Turkey Point were first held in the public house of Job +Loder. In 1803 the contract for a court house was awarded. It was to be +a frame building forty feet in length by twenty-six feet in width, to be +two stories high, the first or lower story to be ten feet between floor +and ceiling, and the second or upper story to be eight feet high. The +original specifications were as follows: "The building to be erected on +a foundation of white oak timber squared, the same to be sound and of +sufficient thickness, the building to be shingled and to have two +sufficient floors, an entry eight feet wide to be made from the front +door across one end of the lower story, from which winding stairs are to +be erected to ascend to the second story; two rooms are to be +partitioned off in the second or upper story for juries. Nine windows +are to be made in front and ten in rear, of twenty-four lights each, +seven by three. The front door to be made of inch and a half plank, six +panel, and to have a good sufficient lock and key. Two windows are to be +finished in the first story opposite each other, so as to afford +sufficient light to the bar, besides two windows of fifteen lights each +behind the Judge or Chairman's seat. The rest of the windows are to be +cased and nailed up for the present. The Bar, table, Justices' seat, +benches for the bar and a table for each jury room, and benches for the +same are to be finished; the three inside doors to be temporary; a seat +and writing table for Clerk, to be made between the bench and the bar. +Note—The house to be raised, shingled, weather-boarded and floored, +and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</a></span> the bench for the Judge and Justices, Judge or Chairman's writing +desk, Clerk's seat and table, the bar and table and benches therefor, +the four windows below and two above to be finished, the rest of the +windows cased and nailed up. The front door to be finished, and the +other three temporary doors to be made and hung. Comprehends the present +contract proposed by the court to be performed by the next assizes for +this district."</p> + +<p>Courts were held in this building commencing in the year 1804 until it +was appropriated for the use of prisoners during the war of 1812.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>The Vittoria Court House, 1815-1826.</h2> + + +<p>In 1815 an act was passed which provided that the courts of general +quarter sessions for the district of London should be held at +Charlotteville. The Magistrates were ordered to make a choice of the +most convenient place, and a meeting was accordingly held at the house +of Thomas Finch on the 13th June, 1815. John Backhouse, Thomas Talbot +and Robert Finch were appointed Commissioners to superintend the +building, and a brick court house and gaol was erected at Vittoria at an +expense of £9,000. During the erection of the building, courts were held +in the houses of Thomas Finch, Francis Beaupre and Mathias Steel. The +first meeting of the sessions was held in the new court house on 8th +April, 1817, and it was used until 1826, when it was partially destroyed +by fire.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>The London Court Houses, 1826-1853.</h2> + + +<p>An Act was then passed to establish a District town in a more central +place, and courts were ordered to be held in some part of the +reservation made for the site of a town near the forks of the River +Thames. This was at London where four acres were set apart for the +purposes of the jail and court house. The commissioners appointed for +the purpose of erecting the building, Thomas Talbot, Mahlon Burwell, +James Hamilton, Charles Ingersoll and John Matthews, held their first +meeting in St. Thomas. During the erection of the court house at London, +courts were held in a private house at Vittoria, and afterwards at St. +Thomas. Dr. C. Hodgins, in his History of Education of Upper Canada, +states that on one occasion the Court of King's Bench, with Judge +Sherwood presiding and the late Sir John Beverley Robinson in attendance +as King's Attorney, was held in an upper room of a building used by Mr. +Stephen Randal as a grammar school. This building was afterwards<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</a></span> +removed to the school lot near the present residence of Judge +Ermatinger, and was known as the "Talbot Seminary."</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> +<img src="images/image004.jpg" width="500" height="460" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption">THE LONDON COURT HOUSE.<br /> +<i>From "Illustrated London," copyrighted. By permission London Printing +and Lithographing Co. (Limited.)</i></span> +</div> + +<p>The first court house in London was constructed of flat logs, and on the +ground floor was a log partition to separate the jail from the jailer's +room. The court room above was reached by stairs outside. This was +followed by the erection of a two story frame building upon the same +square where the present court house stands, but closer to the street. +In one end of the first floor were placed two cells, which were rendered +more secure by being surrounded with logs, from which the building +acquired the distinctive title of "The Old Log Court House." Courts were +first held there in 1828.</p> + +<p>In 1838 a new jail was proposed, and in the years 1843 and 1844 the +present jail and court house in London was completed at a cost of +£8,500. The latter resembles the castle of Malahide near Dublin, the +birth place of Col. Talbot.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</a></span></p> +<h2>The Elgin Court House, 1853-1898.</h2> + + +<p>The County of Elgin was established by an Act of the Legislature passed +in August, 1851, and formed a union with Middlesex until County +Buildings were erected. The provisional County Council held its first +meeting in the Town Hall, St. Thomas, on April 15th, 1852. The first +business was to erect a jail and Court House. Offers of building sites +were received from Messrs. Curtis and Lawrence and Benjamin Drake. The +Curtis sites were north of Talbot Street and West of East Street. The +Lawrence site, two acres, included the lot on which the Post Office now +stands. The Drake site appears to have been considered suitable before +the county was formed as a deed from Benjamin Drake to Queen Victoria, +dated the 25th of October, 1848, and registered the 30th of October, +1851, conveys the Jail and Court House Block to Her Majesty for public +buildings for county and district purposes only. A resolution of the +County Council shows that the final acceptance of this site depended on +obtaining water at fifteen feet, failing this a new site was to be +chosen. The location for the building on lot selected was next +considered.</p> + +<p>Petitions to front the buildings on Stanley Street were presented, but +they were ordered to face north so as to stand parallel with the Talbot +Road in front of Queen Street.</p> + +<p>Plans were received from architects Thomas and Tully, of Toronto, and +John Turner of Brantford.</p> + +<p>The plans submitted by Mr. Turner were the same as for the Court House +at Brantford, which he was building. These were adopted with some +changes suggested by other plans before the council.</p> + +<p>The contract was awarded to Garner Ellwood for £4,580, on the 19th June, +1852. The jail, jailor's house, etc., to be completed by the 15th +September following, and the Court House on the 1st August, 1853.</p> + +<p>The Building Committee consisted of the whole council, of which Messrs. +Clark and Locker of Malahide, Ganson of Yarmouth, Skinner of Bayham, +Munro of Southwold and Parish of St. Thomas, were the most active. +Thomas Cheeseman was the architect's superintendent in charge of the +work.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/image005.jpg" width="400" height="559" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption">WARDEN LOCKER, 1852-1855</span> +</div> + +<p>The jail was not completed until the spring of 1853, and on the 23rd of +March Mr. Ellwood gave up the contract, £2,764 having been expended. The +Warden was then authorized to proceed with the work which, with the +exception of minor contracts, was completed by day labor, with Thomas +Fraser, builder, of London, as superintendent. The Gaol as at first<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</a></span> +erected was not satisfactory, the plan being defective. This increased +the cost and when the buildings were completed and furnished in 1854, +the total expenditure was £11,405. Mr. Ellwood in tendering for the +buildings was guided by the figures supplied by Architect Turner who was +then erecting a court<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</a></span> house at Brantford. In a subsequent report to the +council Mr. Turner states that in the erection of the Brantford building +he ruined himself, and that he could not have erected the Elgin +buildings at a less price than they cost the county.</p> + +<p>A Special Committee reported on completion of the work: "That after +taking into consideration the advance in price of material and +labor—that the buildings have been erected in as judicious and +economical a manner as the circumstances would admit, and that the +beautiful workmanship and design is not surpassed by any building in +Canada west."</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/image006.jpg" width="400" height="316" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption">THE ELGIN COURTHOUSE, 1860.</span> +</div> + +<p>The Royal Arms Rampant, which is very much admired, on the front of the +Court House, is in size twelve feet by six feet, and cost £93. They were +supplied by Messrs. Cochranes and Pollock of Toronto, from a sketch +drawn by Mr. John M. Walthew who also painted the picture placed in the +court room, the beauty of which the council acknowledged by special +resolution in January 1855. Sculptured faces were placed in the east and +west gables of the building. That in the west resembles Lord Elgin, +after whom the county was named, and the other may be architect Turner +but at present no one seems to know definitely who they were intended to +represent.</p> + +<p>In 1853 the Town Hall of the Village of St. Thomas was secured for court +purposes on condition that any fittings, etc., required were to be +supplied by the County, and left in the building when court house was +completed. Plans of the new<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</a></span> buildings and of the town hall were +submitted to the statutory commissioners, and approved of as suitable +for court purposes. On the 30th of September, 1852, a proclamation was +published in the Official Gazette, dissolving the union of Elgin and +Middlesex.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> +<img src="images/image007.jpg" width="300" height="391" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption">D. J. HUGHES, ESQ., COUNTY JUDGE, 1853.</span> +</div> + +<p>The Officers appointed were:</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Judge, David John Hughes.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Sheriff, Colin Munro.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Registrar, John McKay.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Clerk of Peace, James Farley.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Clerk of the Court, Peter Murtagh.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Jailor, John King.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">County Clerk. William McKay.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">County Treasurer, William Coyne.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">County Engineer, Charles Fraser.</span><br /> +</p> + +<p>During November, 1853, the offices of the Sheriff, Clerk of the Peace +and Clerk of the County Court were located in one room in the apartments +erected for the Jailor.</p> + +<p>On the 15th of November, 1853, the first court of quarter sessions of +the <a name="corr_11" id="corr_11"></a><ins class="mycorr" title="Original: Couty">County</ins> of Elgin opened at St. Thomas in the Town Hall, +David John Hughes, County Judge, presiding. In opening the court, the +Judge delivered the following address to the Grand Jury:<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</a></span></p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;"><span class="smcap">Gentlemen of the Grand Jury.</span>——</span><br /> +</p> + +<p>"It is usual for the presiding Justice at our criminal courts to address +to grand inquests, remarks upon the duties which have to be discharged +by them. This being the first time we have met together in our relative +capacities, I think the occasion a becoming one for congratulating you +and the inhabitants of this fine county in general, in being now +separated from the senior county for the transaction of all the +judicial, municipal and other business of our inhabitants.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/image008.jpg" width="400" height="300" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption">THE ELGIN COURT HOUSE BEFORE THE FIRE.</span> +</div> + +<p>Anyone who has lived in what was the London district for twenty years, +and who will look back upon the time when, with little better than a +mere track to guide or assist them, most of the settlers were obliged to +travel the primeval forests to distances of fifty or sixty miles to +attend courts, and for other purposes in the way of business, and who +now have public offices almost brought within reach of their own doors, +cannot but feel thankful that a gracious Providence has favored the +country and its inhabitants with such prosperity—a prosperity which is +still on the increase, at a rate surpassing the expectations of the most +sanguine.</p> + +<p>If we look beyond the limits of our own county and view the Province at +large, we see progress and prosperity, peace, contentment and general +happiness surrounding us. We find the minds of the people progressing +too, for with a bountiful provision for schools and a well ordered +system, the rising<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[Pg 14]</a></span> generation are enabled, and doubtless will keep pace +with their monetary prosperity.</p> + +<p>The encouragement that agriculture has met with in an increased demand +for the staple produce of the county, and remunerative prices will call +for an improved system of tilling the fields. The encouragement given to +manufactures by the increased consumption, justifies enterprise in an +increase of fabrics; and all these call forth the necessary supply of +improved and cultivated minds—so that enquiry is awakened, and the +benefit of our schools and colleges is every year becoming more and more +appreciated and will be so much better attended and encouraged, that +they will themselves improve in their standard and tone, so that Canada +in one or two generations will equal, if not successfully rival, parts +of the world which are now considered amongst the freest and most +contented.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/image009.jpg" width="400" height="292" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption">COURT ROOM AFTER THE FIRE.</span> +</div> + +<p>We enjoy a liberty in our civil and religious affairs which admits not +only of a freedom of thought, but action. We can watch our very rulers, +and have the means in our hands of curbing usurpation of power or +infringements of rights by the privilege we can exercise of approving or +disapproving of the advisers of the crown. We can worship the Almighty +in our own way; no one venturing to disturb or make us afraid. We can +educate our children almost entirely at the public expense, and place +them within reach of the highest honors that their talents entitle them +to, or that the country can bestow. The time has gone by for those +honors to belong only to a class; or when promising aspirants can be +successfully frowned upon by those who fancy that they hold a +prescriptive right to them; and the time has arrived for men not to be +judged by the occupations they are day by day employed in, but by the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</a></span> +integrity of their purposes, the cultivation of their minds, the +uprightness of their characters, and their successfulness in +accomplishing some good for themselves and their fellow-men.</p> + +<p>In entering upon the duties of the office I fill, I must confess my +misgivings as to the ability to discharge them aright. They are onerous, +responsible, and will be at times arduous and disagreeable. I depend +upon the forbearance of those with whom I shall be brought in contact, +and claim their assistance and advice when necessity shall suggest it. I +desire to see the great body of the people, whose business or affairs +shall be brought under my judicial notice, satisfied that justice and +right are aimed at, however, I may fall short in administering them, and +in my magisterial capacity I rely upon the aid of my brother magistrates +to further these motives; for I doubt not that by mutually according to +one another, integrity of purpose, (as I shall at times desire to +attribute to them) we shall be able to accomplish much good in the way +of checking vice and setting a good example to the several neighborhoods +we respectively inhabit.</p> + +<p>The County Buildings are not yet quite completed, but I am informed that +before the next sessions, the Court may be held in them; and when +finished I am satisfied they will not be surpassed in beauty, +convenience and comfort by any in the Province."</p> + +<p>The first Court of Quarter Sessions was held in the Court House, on the +5th of January, 1854, and on the 11th of April, in the same year, Hon. +Justice Draper opened the first Court of Assize. Col. John Prince, +Q. C., one of the lawyers in attendance at this Court, complimented the +County on the magnificence of the Court House, which, he said, was +unsurpassed by any Court House in the Province.</p> + +<p>On June 7th, 1854, all of the offices in the Court House were occupied, +and the building completed, with the exception of some painting and the +erection of the Royal Arms.</p> + +<p>The County Buildings remained the same until the gaol was rebuilt, and +wall erected in 1872. This was followed by a new Registry Office in +1874, and a Gaoler's residence in 1889-1891. On the 1st of July, 1898, a +fire occurred at midnight, destroying the roof and upper portion of the +Court House, the whole building being damaged by water.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[Pg 16]</a></span></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> +<div class="figleft" style="width: 200px;"> +<img src="images/image010_a.jpg" width="200" height="266" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption">DANIEL LANG. Warden, 1898.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 200px;"> +<img src="images/image010_b.jpg" width="200" height="245" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption">OSCAR McKENNEY. Warden, 1898.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 200px;"> +<img src="images/image010_c.jpg" width="200" height="254" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption">ARCHIBALD J. LEITCH. Chairman Building Committee. +1898-1899.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figleft" style="width: 200px;"> +<img src="images/image010_d.jpg" width="200" height="258" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption">NEIL R. DARRACH. Architect.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 200px;"> +<img src="images/image010_e.jpg" width="200" height="251" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption">ROBERT CARROLL. Contractor.</span> +</div> +</div> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[Pg 17]</a></span></p> +<h2>The Elgin Court House, 1898-1900.</h2> + + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/image011.jpg" width="400" height="294" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption">THE NEW COURT HOUSE.</span> +</div> + +<p>The first meeting of the County Council, after the burning of the Court +House, was held in the Grand Central Hotel, St. Thomas, on July 8th. The +Insurance appraisers' award fixing the amount of damage at $5,509, was +then presented. Mr. J. M. Green, contractor, was valuator on behalf of +the County. The County officials were consulted in reference to +temporary accommodation, and the Clerk was authorized to rent offices +from Mr. Charles Spohn, on the south-west corner of William and Talbot +streets. A special Building Committee was appointed, with power to +employ an architect, visit other Court Houses, to have plans prepared, +and report. The committee, consisting of Messrs. A. J. Leitch, S. B. +Morris, D. Turner, R. Locker, D. F. Moore. W. B. Cole and Warden Lang, +accompanied by N. R. Darrach, architect, and J. A. Bell, County +Engineer, proceeded to Brantford, to examine the county buildings, which +had recently been enlarged. Instructions were given to prepare plans to +include enlargement of building and re-modelling Jail and Jailer's +residence and kitchen. The County Council met on the 27th of July, to +receive report presented by Architect Darrach, who estimated the cost of +plans submitted at about $33,000. Opposition was offered by some members +of the Council, who were desirous of limiting the cost of building to +$20,000, but the architect's plans were adopted. A by-law was passed +appointing a special building committee, and authorizing the Warden to +sign contracts. The architect's fee was fixed at $1,200 for the whole +work. Tenders were received, and as all of them exceeded the +architect's<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[Pg 18]</a></span> estimate, a special meeting of the Council was called for +the 8th of September, to consider the matter. At this session the +building committee reported in favor of the adoption of the following +tenders:</p> + + +<div class="center"> +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Tenders Adopted with Costs"> +<tr><td align="left"></td><td align="left">J. H. McKnight & Co., Toronto, for the whole work, with the exception of the electric wiring, iron work and plumbing.</td><td align="right"><span class="nowrap">$33,990 00</span></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"></td><td align="left">R. A. L. Grey, Toronto, electric wiring</td><td align="right">346 00</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"></td><td align="left">Stacey & Co., St. Thomas, iron work</td><td align="right">1,231 42</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"></td><td align="left">C. T. Bull, St. Thomas, plumbing</td><td align="right">1,047 00</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> +<img src="images/image012.jpg" width="300" height="378" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption">D. J. HUGHES, ESQ., COUNTY JUDGE, 1899.</span> +</div> + +<p>This report was adopted and contracts signed by all with the exception +of Mr. Bull. Mr. A. J. Leitch, Chairman of the Building Committee, was +appointed to inspect the work as it progressed, and issue orders for +payment in accordance with the architect's estimates. Tenders for +heating and plumbing were received in January, 1899, and contracts +awarded—the heating to Joseph Harrison for $3,146, and the plumbing to +Keith & Fitzsimmons, Toronto, for $1,125. The Building Committee next +considered the question of furnishing, and for the purpose of securing +information, visited the court houses in Stratford and Woodstock, and in +March, 1899, tenders were received and the following contracts awarded:</p> + + +<div class="center"> +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Contracts Awarded with Costs"> +<tr><td align="left">J. Acheson, St. Thomas, hardware</td><td align="right"><span class="nowrap">$400 00</span></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">McDonald & Wilson, Toronto, gas fixtures</td><td align="right">645 00</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[Pg 19]</a></span>The Preston Office & School Furniture Company, for special work</td><td align="right"><span class="nowrap">2,995 00</span></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" style="padding-left: 2em;">And for furniture, desks, etc</td><td align="right">556 80</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">The Office Specialty Company, Toronto, for letter press, stands, vault fittings, etc</td><td align="right">892 50</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> +<img src="images/image013.jpg" width="500" height="393" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption">COURT ROOM.</span> +</div> + +<p>Carpets and window blinds were procured from J. B. Kay, Son & Co., +Toronto, and rubber matting for the stairs from the Gutta Percha & +Rubber Co., two clocks for the court room and council chamber, from W. +R. Jackson. Stained glass windows with appropriate designs were ordered +from N. T. Lyons, Toronto, for the main stairway, one contains a picture +of the old and new buildings; the other, the names of the County Council +for the years 1898 and 1899. Stone walks around the building and through +the grounds were put down by the Silica Barytic Stone Company, of +Ingersoll, at the cost of $579.02. The work of grading the grounds was +completed under superintendence of W. Irving.</p> + + +<h3>OPENING PROCEEDINGS.</h3> + +<p>The Court House was formally opened on Wednesday, the 13th day of +December, 1899, the occasion being the first day of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[Pg 20]</a></span> the Court of +General Sessions of the Peace, and of the County Court.</p> + +<p>The proceedings commenced at 2.40 p. m. Judge Hughes presided, and on +his right was Junior Judge Ermatinger, and on his left Sheriff Brown.</p> + +<p>Judge Hughes explained that he had invited Rev. Canon Hill and +Vicar-General Bayard to be present, to assist in the opening +proceedings, but they had other engagements and could not attend. There +were present Revs. D. R. Drummond, Prof. T. L. Fowler, of the Disciples +College, and Rev. R. I. Warner, principal of Alma College.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/image014.jpg" width="400" height="304" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption">LIBRARY.</span> +</div> + +<p>Rev. D. R. Drummond opened the proceedings with prayer, Rev. Prof. +Fowler read the scriptures, and Rev. Prof. Warner led in prayer.</p> + +<p>Mr. Oscar McKenney, Warden of Elgin County, read the following address +to Judge Hughes, on behalf of the County Council:</p> + +<p>"Before proceeding with the business of the County Court and General +Sessions of the Peace, the County Council desire to congratulate your +Honor on your good health and physical and mental vigor, which is +remarkable when we consider that you have occupied your present position +for over forty-six years. You had the honor of presiding at the first +court held in the old buildings in 1854, and have since done much to +assist in the development of the county. You have witnessed many changes +and can refer to many pleasant experiences which are the accompaniment +of a long and useful life. The Court House which we hereby formally hand +over to you for Court purposes, is representative of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[Pg 21]</a></span> our idea of the +advancement made by a wealthy and prosperous community during the past +half a century.</p> + +<p>We hope you may enjoy continued good health, and that the remainder of +your life may be pleasant and a restful recompense for many busy years.</p> + +<p>The members of the Council will make a few remarks as they feel it is +difficult in a brief address to refer to all the circumstances that have +brought us together <span class="nowrap">to-day</span>."</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> +<img src="images/image015.jpg" width="500" height="387" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption">COUNTY COUNCIL CHAMBER.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/image016.jpg" width="400" height="388" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption">COUNTY CLERK'S OFFICE.</span> +</div> + +<p>Councillor Frank Hunt delivered the oration of the day on behalf of the +County Council. He spoke as follows:</p> + +<p>"This is an important occasion. Important because it makes a page in the +history of the county. It establishes a milestone marking the progress +of a people who first planted civilization in this county a century ago. +The burning of the old Court House necessitated the building of a new +one, and this gave the present council the opportunity to erect a +building characteristic of the people, and of the arts and sciences of +this particular period. The old court house was emblematic of the +pioneers of this county. It exhibited wisdom, strength and beauty. As +much as I admire the new structure I am glad the front of the old court +house is preserved, and will hand down to future ages in its<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[Pg 22]</a></span> Grecian +columns and pilasters, the artistic taste of the pioneers who could +spare from the rewards of unceasing toil money to erect a court house +that bore the impress of the best art of their time. The excellence and +thoroughness of the structure attest the true worth and integrity of the +pioneers of the County of Elgin. I cannot but think, when considering +the population and wealth of the county fifty years ago with that of +<span class="nowrap">to-day</span>, that in the erection of the new court house we have spent less +for artistic effect than did the pioneers. Modern requirements for the +comforts of those attending courts, or on official business, entailed a +large expense, which was not considered in the erection of buildings +fifty years ago. The provision made for women during a forced attendance +at court shows how far we have advanced on one particular line. It is a +grand building of the utilitarian type, and erected on such lines that +great beauty may be discovered by a casual glance. I want to say a word +in praise of the architect who designed the building and supervised its +erection to the satisfaction of the Building Committee. The epitaph in +St. Paul's Cathedral says: "If you would know the genius of Christopher +Wren, look around you." I will say, also, and it is all that is +necessary, if you would know the genius of Mr. Darrach, look around you +and see that he is master of his art.</p> + +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<span class="i0">New occasions teach new duties,<br /></span> +<span class="i2">Time makes ancient good uncouth,<br /></span> +<span class="i0">We must upward still and onward,<br /></span> +<span class="i2">Who would reach the realms of truth.<br /></span> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[Pg 23]</a></span></div></div> + +<div class="figcenter bbox" style="width:500px; padding:20px;"> +<p>Art, national or individual, is the result of a long +course of previous life and training; a necessary result, if that life +has been loyal, and an impossible one, if it has been base.—<i>Ruskin.</i></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> +<img src="images/image017.jpg" width="300" height="588" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption">WINDOW, MAIN STAIRWAY.</span> +</div> + +<p>In its important examples, all municipal art should be at once a +decoration and a commemoration—it must beautify and should celebrate; +thus becoming a double stimulus, first to the aesthetic sense, second to +the sense of patriotism.—<i>Blashfield.</i></p> +</div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[Pg 24]</a></span> +I cannot close without reference to His Honor Judge Hughes and his long +judicial career in the County of Elgin. He opened the old court house +forty-six years ago; he has been spared to open the new. In the first +courts he grasped by the hand the men who planted civilization on the +shores of Lake Erie. He has lived to grasp by the hand their children +and grand-children. He came here in his early years, a type of that +manhood which comes from the chisel of Pericles, and the great masters +of the Grecian school. He has seen the county a wilderness, he now sees +it populous and wealthy, inhabited by a people educated, industrious; a +people who love God and keep his commandments.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> +<img src="images/image018.jpg" width="500" height="314" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption">COURT HOUSE, EAST SIDE, SHOWING GAOL ENTRANCE.</span> +</div> + +<p>He has left his impress on his county and its people, and can it not be +said that it has been for the good of society, for the happiness and +advancement of the people? His legal knowledge, and his great ability is +known throughout the Province. His untiring industry has been +proverbial. He has administered the law with fairness, and tempered +justice with mercy. It is not contended that he was or is +<a name="corr_12" id="corr_12"></a><ins class="mycorr" title="Original: fautless">faultless</ins>.</p> + +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<span class="i0">Who thinketh a faultless man to see?<br /></span> +<span class="i2">Thinks what ne'er was and ne'er shall be.<br /></span> +</div></div> + +<p>It is the desire of the council that his learning and great abilities +may long be spared to his fellow-citizens, and that</p> + +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<span class="i0">An old age serene and bright,<br /></span> +<span class="i2">Lovely as a Lapland night,<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Shall lead thee to the <a name="corr_13" id="corr_13"></a><ins class="mycorr" title="Original: grave.">grave."</ins><br /></span> +</div></div> + +<p>County Councillor J. H. Yarwood voiced the sentiments of Mr. Hunt, and +extended the congratulations of the county to the Judge for the manner +in which he had administered the affairs of the county, and hoped he +would be spared for many years.</p> + +<p>County Councillors S. B. Morris, W. O. Pollock, D. Lang,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[Pg 25]</a></span> W. M. Ford, E. +McKellar, Mahlon Lyon, D. Moore and A. J. Leitch also delivered +addresses of congratulation.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> +<img src="images/image019.jpg" width="500" height="408" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption">GAOL YARD.</span> +</div> + +<p>Judge Hughes thanked the County Council for the privilege of opening the +new Court House. The county building was a testimonial to the +advancement of the county council. He had to acknowledge with thanks the +many kind things said of him personally, and of the way he had +administered justice in the county. The building is an index, not only +of enterprise and good taste, but also of conception for the convenience +of those who had to attend the county buildings to do business. The +mistake with the old building was that Architect Turner had his plans +<a name="corr_14" id="corr_14"></a><ins class="mycorr" title="Original: iterferred">interfered</ins> with, and all the rooms, except the court room, +were but half the size intended. He concurred in all that had been said +of the architect. The contractors, too, had performed their work well. +The court house was a manifestation of the progress of municipal +institutions. He had found the county council always ready to encourage +education and grammar schools, and this building was a monument to their +honor.</p> + +<p>The county court was then opened by Court Crier Hopkins, when Mr. John +Crawford, of Aylmer, on behalf of the bar of Elgin, extended to Judge +Hughes their congratulations upon the long term he had served on the +bench, and upon his distinguished services during that time. The members +of the bar were in hearty sympathy with and heartily endorsed the +remarks made by the members of the county council. The members of the +bar hoped the Judge might be long spared to occupy the high position +which he did.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[Pg 26]</a></span></p> + +<p>Judge Hughes said he could only express his high appreciation of the +kind things said of him. It was an honor for a man to act as judge where +there was such a bar as in the county of Elgin. He concluded by thanking +Mr. Crawford and the other members for their kind remarks.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> +<img src="images/image020.jpg" width="500" height="402" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption">F. HUNT, J. P., HOLDING COURT IN A GAOL WARD, AFTER THE +FIRE.</span> +</div> + +<p>In the evening the judge entertained the members of the bar and the +municipal and judicial officers of the county of Elgin at a banquet in +honor of the occasion of the re-opening of the court house and the 46th +anniversary of his appointment. This was held at the Grand Central +Hotel.</p> + +<p>All the work connected with the court house improvements was completed +in the spring of 1900. The final report of the Building Committee was +not, however presented until the 23rd of November. The total cost was +$50,954.72, and of this amount the city of St. Thomas contributed +$12,178.17.</p> + +<p>The excellent service rendered to the county by architect Darrach was +recognized by the presentation of an address, suitably engrossed, +expressing the councils appreciation of his efforts. The report also +directed attention to the satisfactory manner in which Messrs. McKnight +& Co., the principal contractors, who were represented by the senior +member of the firm, Mr. R. Carroll, had completed their work. After the +adoption of the report a resolution was passed tendering the thanks of +the council to A. J. Leitch, Esq., for his services as Chairman of the +Building Committee.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[Pg 27]</a></span></p> +<h2><i>STATISTICS.</i></h2> + +<table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Population"> +<tr><td align="left">COUNTY OF ELGIN.</td><td colspan="7">POPULATION.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"></td><td align="right">1817</td><td align="right">1841</td><td align="right">1851</td><td align="right">1861</td><td align="right">1871</td><td align="right">1881</td><td align="right">1891</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Aldborough</span></td><td align="right">400</td><td align="right">733</td><td align="right">1,226</td><td align="right">2,325</td><td align="right">3,500</td><td align="right">4,718</td><td align="right">5,299</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Bayham</span></td><td> </td><td align="right">2,108</td><td align="right">5,092</td><td align="right">5,141</td><td align="right">4,895</td><td align="right">4,689</td><td align="right">3,856</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Dunwich</span></td><td align="right">500</td><td align="right">633</td><td align="right">1,948</td><td align="right">2,888</td><td align="right">3,731</td><td align="right">4,290</td><td align="right">3,663</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Dorchester</span></td><td> </td><td align="right">635</td><td align="right">1,477</td><td align="right">2,204</td><td align="right">2,071</td><td align="right">1,844</td><td align="right">1,624</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Malahide</span></td><td align="right">775</td><td align="right">2,218</td><td align="right">4,050</td><td align="right">5,320</td><td align="right">5,554</td><td align="right">4,415</td><td align="right">3,851</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Southwold</span></td><td align="right">900</td><td align="right">2,563</td><td align="right">5,063</td><td align="right">5,467</td><td align="right">5,559</td><td align="right">5,206</td><td align="right">4,766</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Yarmouth</span></td><td align="right">400</td><td align="right">3,664</td><td align="right">5,288</td><td align="right">6,166</td><td align="right">5,563</td><td align="right">5,575</td><td align="right">5,471</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">St. Thomas</span></td><td> </td><td></td><td align="right">1,274</td><td align="right">1,631</td><td align="right">2,197</td><td align="right">8,367</td><td align="right">10,370</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Vienna</span></td><td> </td><td> </td><td></td><td> </td><td align="right">590</td><td align="right">528</td><td align="right">398</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Port Stanley</span></td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td></td><td align="right">674</td><td align="right">616</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Aylmer</span></td><td> </td><td> </td><td></td><td> </td><td></td><td align="right">1,540</td><td align="right">2,167</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Springfield</span></td><td> </td><td> </td><td></td><td> </td><td></td><td align="right">555</td><td align="right">463</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Dutton</span></td><td> </td><td> </td><td></td><td> </td><td></td><td> </td><td align="right">838</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Totals</span></td><td align="right">2,975</td><td align="right">12,554</td><td align="right">25,418</td><td align="right">31,142</td><td align="right">33,660</td><td align="right">42,401</td><td align="right">43,382</td></tr> +</table> +<p> </p> + +<table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Houses and Schools"> +<tr><td align="left">COUNTY OF ELGIN.</td><td colspan="7">NUMBER OF HOUSES.</td><td align="left">Schools.</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="right">1817</td><td align="right">1841</td><td align="right">1851</td><td align="right">1861</td><td align="right">1871</td><td align="right">1881</td><td align="right">1891</td><td align="right">1817</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Aldborough</span></td><td align="right">90</td><td align="right">13</td><td align="right">189</td><td align="right">311</td><td align="right">630</td><td align="right">880</td><td align="right">1,064</td><td align="right">1</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Bayham</span></td><td align="right">60</td><td align="right">133</td><td align="right">732</td><td align="right">887</td><td align="right">955</td><td align="right">978</td><td align="right">882</td><td align="right">2</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Dunwich</span></td><td align="right">100</td><td align="right">45</td><td align="right">316</td><td align="right">450</td><td align="right">673</td><td align="right">820</td><td align="right">744</td><td align="right">1</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Dorchester</span></td><td> </td><td align="right">10</td><td align="right">238</td><td align="right">345</td><td align="right">378</td><td align="right">423</td><td align="right">341</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Malahide</span></td><td align="right">150</td><td align="right">125</td><td align="right">692</td><td align="right">726</td><td align="right">1,104</td><td align="right">956</td><td align="right">887</td><td align="right">2</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Southwold</span></td><td align="right">180</td><td align="right">175</td><td align="right">800</td><td align="right">579</td><td align="right">993</td><td align="right">998</td><td align="right">973</td><td align="right">3</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Yarmouth</span></td><td align="right">75</td><td align="right">299</td><td align="right">881</td><td align="right">1,128</td><td align="right">1,067</td><td align="right">1,161</td><td align="right">1,150</td><td align="right">2</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">St. Thomas</span></td><td> </td><td> </td><td align="right">226</td><td align="right">390</td><td align="right">417</td><td align="right">1,634</td><td align="right">2,205</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Vienna</span></td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td align="right">103</td><td align="right">105</td><td align="right">99</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Port Stanley</span></td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td align="right">139</td><td align="right">128</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Aylmer</span></td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td align="right">330</td><td align="right">521</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Springfield</span></td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td align="right">130</td><td align="right">123</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Dutton</span></td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td align="right">167</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Totals</span></td><td align="right">655</td><td align="right">800</td><td align="right">4,074</td><td align="right">4,816</td><td align="right">6,320</td><td align="right">8,554</td><td align="right">9,284</td><td align="right">11</td></tr> +</table> + +<p class="center">The statistics of 1817 are taken from Robt. Gourlay's Book. For other +years official census reports were referred to.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[Pg 28]</a></span></p> +<h2>Plan of the Court House.</h2> + + +<h3>GROUND FLOOR.</h3> + +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Key to Ground Floor Plan" width="80%"> +<tr><td align="left">NO.</td><td align="center">BY WHOM OCCUPIED.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">1-2.</td><td align="left">County Attorney and Clerk of the Peace.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="nowrap">3-4-5.</span></td><td align="left">County Court Clerk. The Vault was formerly used as an office by County Court Clerk and Junior Judge.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">6.</td><td align="left">Inspector of Public Schools. Formerly occupied with vault adjoining by Clerk of the Peace.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">7.</td><td align="left">Junior Judge's Office. Formerly Occupied: (1) County Treasurer's Office. (2) Law Library. (3) Jailer. (4) County Engineer.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">8.</td><td align="left">County Treasurer's Office. Used as Registry Office up to 1875.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">9.</td><td align="left">County Clerk.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">10.</td><td align="left">County Engineer.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="nowrap">12-13.</span></td><td align="left">Sheriff.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" style="vertical-align: top;">14.</td><td align="left">Telephone. 15. Janitor. 16. Jailer. 17. Jail Kitchen. Originally occupied as Jailer's residence and afterwards as County Clerk's and Jailer's Offices. The heaters are in basement under these rooms.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"></td><td align="left">The space occupied by lavatories and main stairway was formerly the Sheriff's office.</td></tr> +</table> + +<h3>FIRST FLOOR.</h3> + +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Key to First Floor Plan" width="80%"> +<tr><td align="left">18.</td><td align="left" colspan="3">County Judge's Office.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">19.</td><td align="left" colspan="3">Barristers.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">21.</td><td align="left" colspan="3">Crown Counsel. Formerly County Judge's Office.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">22.</td><td align="left" colspan="3">Law Library.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">23.</td><td align="left" colspan="3">Lady Witnesses. Formerly Petit Jury.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">25.</td><td align="left" colspan="3">Court Room.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><a name="corr_15" id="corr_15"></a><ins class="mycorr" title="Original: 36.">26.</ins></td><td align="left" colspan="3">Witnesses. Formerly Crown Counsel room, afterwards law library.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">27.</td><td align="left" colspan="3">County Council Chamber, also used for small courts.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="nowrap">28-29.</span></td><td align="left">Local Master.</td><td align="left" style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan="5"><span style="font-size:700%;font-weight:lighter;">}</span></td><td align="left" rowspan="5">Originally occupied as Jailer's Residence, and afterwards as County Judge's Office.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">31.</td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap">Judges' Parlor.</span></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">32.</td><td align="left">Turnkeys.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">33.</td><td align="left">Petit Jury.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">34.</td><td align="left">Gaol Stores.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"></td><td align="left" colspan="3">The space occupied by main stairway was formerly the county clerk's office and afterwards a witness room.</td></tr> +</table> + +<h3>SECOND FLOOR.</h3> + +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Key to Second Floor Plan" width="80%"> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="nowrap">35-41.</span></td><td align="left">Janitor's apartments. 37 and 41 formerly Grand Jury Rooms.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">42-43.</td><td align="left">Witnesses. 42 was formerly occupied by Local Master and afterwards by County Police Magistrate.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">45.</td><td align="left">Historical Society.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"></td><td align="left">The space occupied by main stairway was formerly a store room.</td></tr> +</table> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[Pg 30]</a></span></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/image021_a.jpg" width="600" height="383" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Elgin County Court House<br />N. R. Darrach, Arch<sup>t.</sup>, S<sup>t.</sup> +Thomas. Ont.<br />Ground Floor Plan</span> +<br /><span style="font-size:smaller"><a href="images/image021_a_high.jpg">Click to view larger image.</a></span> +</div> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/image021_b.jpg" width="600" height="412" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">First Floor Plan</span> +<br /><span style="font-size:smaller"><a href="images/image021_b_high.jpg">Click to view larger image.</a></span> +</div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[Pg 31]</a></span></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/image022_a.jpg" width="600" height="421" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">County· Building· at· St· Thomas· Ont.<br /> +N· R· Darrach· · · Architect.</span> +<br /><span style="font-size:smaller"><a href="images/image022_a_high.jpg">Click to view larger image.</a></span> +</div> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/image022_b.jpg" width="600" height="369" alt="" title="" /> +<span class="caption smcap">Second Floor Plan</span> +<br /><span style="font-size:smaller"><a href="images/image022_b_high.jpg">Click to view larger image.</a></span> +</div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[Pg 33]</a></span></p> + +<h2>Members of Elgin County Council.</h2> + +<p class="center">1852.</p> + +<p style="margin-left: 1em;"><span class="smcap">Aldborough</span>—Duncan McColl.</p> +<p style="margin-left: 1em;"><span class="smcap">Dunwich</span>—Moses Willey.</p> +<p style="margin-left: 1em;"><span class="smcap">Southwold</span>—Colin Munro, Nicol McColl.</p> +<p style="margin-left: 1em;"><span class="smcap">Yarmouth</span>—Elisha S. Ganson (Warden), Leslie Pierce.</p> +<p style="margin-left: 1em;"><span class="smcap">Malahide</span>—Thomas Locker (Warden), Lewis J. Clarke.</p> +<p style="margin-left: 1em;"><span class="smcap">Bayham</span>—John Elliott, J. Skinner.</p> +<p style="margin-left: 1em;"><span class="smcap">South Dorchester</span>—Jacob Cline.</p> +<p style="margin-left: 1em;"><span class="smcap">St. Thomas</span>—David Parish.<br /></p> + +<p class="center">1898-1899.</p> +<p style="margin-left: 9em; text-indent:-8em;"><span class="smcap">District No. 1</span>—(Aldborough) S. B. Morris, Daniel Lang (Warden 1898).</p> +<p style="margin-left: 9em; text-indent:-8em;"><span class="smcap">District No. 2</span>—(Dutton and Dunwich) A. J. Leitch, Edward McKellar.</p> +<p style="margin-left: 9em; text-indent:-8em;"><span class="smcap">District No. 3</span>—(Port Stanley and Southwold) William Jackson, Donald Turner, 1898, Francis Hunt, 1899.</p> +<p style="margin-left: 9em; text-indent:-8em;"><span class="smcap">District No. 4</span>—(Yarmouth) James H. Yarwood, Wm. B. Cole, 1898, Wm. O. Pollock, 1899.</p> +<p style="margin-left: 9em; text-indent:-8em;"><span class="smcap">District No. 5</span>—(Aylmer, Vienna, Polling Sub-divisions 1 and 2 of Bayham, and Malahide, except Polling Sub-division 5) Oscar McKenney, (Warden, 1899) Richard Locker, 1898, Mahlon E. Lyon, 1899.</p> +<p style="margin-left: 9em; text-indent:-8em;"><span class="smcap">District No. 6</span>—(Springfield, South Dorchester, Malahide (Division 5) and Bayham (except divisions 1 and 2)) David F. Moore, (Warden, 1900) Wm. M. Ford.</p> + + +<div class="tnote" style="margin-top: 4em;"> +<h2>Transcriber's Note.</h2> + + +<p>Illustrations have been moved to avoid breaks in paragraphs. Minor +punctuation errors have been corrected without note. The single table of +Statistics in the original has been reformatted into two separate tables +for ease of reading, one for population and one for houses and schools. +Corrections to typographical errors are highlighted <ins class="mycorr" title="Original: like tihs">like this</ins>; mouse over to see details. List of corrections:</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">P. <a href="#corr_10">5</a> 'east side of the river."'—closing quotation mark added.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">P. <a href="#corr_17">5</a> 'Tuesday, the 8th day of April, 1800.'—had '1900.'</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">P. <a href="#corr_16">6</a> 'tie girths, morticed and tenoned'—had 'tendoned.'</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">P. <a href="#corr_11">12</a> 'sessions of the County of Elgin opened'—had 'Couty.'</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">P. <a href="#corr_12">24</a> 'contended that he was or is faultless'—had 'fautless.'</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">P. <a href="#corr_13">24</a> 'Shall lead thee to the grave."'—closing quotation mark added.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">P. <a href="#corr_14">25</a> 'his plans interfered with, and all the'—had 'iterferred.'</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">P. <a href="#corr_15">28</a> '26. Witnesses. Formerly Crown Counsel room'—had '36.'</span><br /> +</p> + +<p>Unusual spellings of hybernated, Mississaga; +inconsistent spellings of jail/jailer, gaol/gaoler; inconsistent hyphenation +and capitalisation are as per the original.</p> +</div> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg's The Court Houses of a Century, by Kenneth W. 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