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+      The Project Gutenberg eBook of Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1913, Edited by Fred T. Jane
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+<pre>
+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Jane's All the World's Aircraft, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Jane's All the World's Aircraft
+       1913
+
+Author: Various
+
+Editor: Fred Jane
+
+Release Date: January 2, 2011 [EBook #34815]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK JANE'S ALL THE WORLD'S AIRCRAFT ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Suzanne Shell, Jason Isbell and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+
+<div class="tn">
+<p><b>Transcriber's Notes</b></p>
+<p>The advertisements which were originally at the
+front of the book have been moved to the <a href="#Page_i">back</a>.</p>
+</div>
+
+
+<h1>JANE'S ALL THE WORLD'S AIRCRAFT 1913</h1>
+
+<p class="center">A Reprint of the 1913 Edition of All The World's Air-craft<br/>
+Edited by</p>
+<h2>FRED T. JANE</h2>
+
+<p class="center">ARCO PUBLISHING COMPANY, INC.<br/>
+New York</p>
+
+<p class="center">First published by Sampson Low Marston in 1913<br/>
+This edition published 1969 by ARCO PUBLISHING COMPANY, INC.<br/>
+219 Park Avenue South, New York, N. Y. 10003</p>
+
+<p class="center">Library of Congress Catalog Number 69-14964<br/>
+ARCO Book Number 668-01880-1</p>
+
+<p class="center">Printed in Great Britain</p>
+
+<hr/>
+
+<p><!-- Page 3 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[Pg 3]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<div class="u right"><i>Published Annually.</i></div>
+
+<div class="center"><b><span class="smcap f2">All the World's AIR=CRAFT.</span></b><br/>
+<span class="f9">(ORIGINALLY KNOWN AS "ALL THE WORLD'S AIRSHIPS.")</span><br/>
+(WAR FLYING ANNUAL.)</div>
+
+<p class="center">FOUNDED AND EDITED BY
+<span class="f15">FRED T. JANE,</span>
+<span class="smcap f9">Founder and Editor of "FIGHTING SHIPS" (Naval Annual), Etc</span>.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot">
+<a href="#Part_A">PART A.&mdash;AEROPLANES AND DIRIGIBLES OF THE WORLD.</a><br/>
+<a href="#Part_B">PART B.&mdash;HISTORICAL AEROPLANES OF THE LAST SIX YEARS.</a><br/>
+<a href="#Part_C">PART C.&mdash;THE WORLD'S AERIAL ENGINES.</a><br/>
+<a href="#Part_D">PART D.&mdash;AERIAL "WHO'S WHO" AND DIRECTORY.</a></p>
+
+<p class="center"><strong>FIFTH YEAR OF ISSUE.</strong><br/>
+(<span class="smcap">Founded</span> 1909.)</p>
+
+<p class="center">LONDON:<br/>
+SAMPSON LOW, MARSTON &amp; CO., <span class="smcap">Ltd</span>.<br/>
+1913.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<p class="center"><span class="smcap f9">Printed by Netherwood, Dalton &amp; Co., Phoenix Works, Rashcliffe, Huddersfield.</span></p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 5 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h2>CONTENTS</h2>
+
+
+<table class="tcenter" summary="Table of Contents">
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+<td>PAGE</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Preface</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_7">7</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Glossary of Technical Terms</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_9">9</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<th colspan="2"><b>PART A.</b></th>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Argentine</span> (<b>J. Schiere</b>)</td>
+<td><a href="#Page_15">15</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Austrian</span> (<b>Special Austrian Editor</b>)</td>
+<td><a href="#Page_16">16</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Aeroplanes</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_17">17</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Dirigibles</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_22">22</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Belgian</span> (<b>J. Bracke</b>)</td>
+<td><a href="#Page_26">26</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Aeroplanes</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_27">27</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Dirigibles</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_29">29</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Brazilian</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_31">31</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">British</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_32">32</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Aeroplanes</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_37">37</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Dirigibles</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_60">60</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">British Colonies, Etc.</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_63">63</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Bulgarian</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_66">66</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Central American Republics</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_67">67</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Chilian</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_68">68</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Chinese</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_69">69</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Danish</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_70">70</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Dutch</span> (<b>J. Schiere</b>)</td>
+<td><a href="#Page_71">71</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">French</span> (<b>Special French Editor</b>)</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Aeroplanes</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_73">73</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Dirigibles</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_109">109</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">German</span> (<b>Special German Editor</b>)</td>
+<td><a href="#Page_126">126</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Aeroplanes</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_131">131</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Dirigibles</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_151">151</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Greek</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_168">168</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Italian</span> (<b>Special Italian Editor</b>)</td>
+<td><a href="#Page_169">169</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Aeroplanes</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_172">172</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Dirigibles</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_176">176</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Japanese</span> (<b>Partly Official</b>)</td>
+<td><a href="#Page_180">180</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Aeroplanes</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_181">181</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>
+<!-- Page 6 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[Pg 6]</a></span>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Dirigibles</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_182">182</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Mexican</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_183">183</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Norwegian</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_184">184</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Peruvian</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_185">185</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Portuguese</span> (<b>J. Schiere</b>)</td>
+<td><a href="#Page_186">186</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Roumanian</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_187">187</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Russian</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_188">188</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Aeroplanes</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_190">190</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Dirigibles</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_191">191</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Servian</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_193">193</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Spanish</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_194">194</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Swedish</span> (<b>Lieut. Dahlbeck</b>)</td>
+<td><a href="#Page_196">196</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Swiss</span> (<b>Special Swiss Editor</b>)</td>
+<td><a href="#Page_198">198</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Turkish</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_200">200</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Uruguay</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_200">200</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">United States</span> (<b>W.L. Jones</b>)</td>
+<td><a href="#Page_201">201</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Aeroplanes</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_202">202</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Dirigibles</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_220">220</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<th colspan="2">PART B.</th>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Historical Aeroplanes of the Last Six Years</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_1b">1B et seq.</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<th colspan="2">PART C.</th>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Principal Aeroplane Engines</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_1c">1C</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Austrian (<b>W. Isendahl</b>)</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_2c">2C</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Belgian</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_2c">2C</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">British</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_3c">3C</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">French</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_4c">4C</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">German (<b>W. Isendahl</b>)</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_8c">8C</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Italian</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_11c">11C</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Swiss</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_12c">12C</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 1em;">U.S.A.</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_13c">13C</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<th colspan="2">PART D.</th>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Aerial "Who's Who"</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_1d">1D</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Classified Aerial Directory</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_12d">12D</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Alphabetical Index&mdash;Aeroplanes</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_27d">end of</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span class="smcap">Alphabetical Index&mdash; Dirigibles</span></td>
+<td><a href="#Page_27d">book</a></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="center"><br/>
+<img src="images/ill_023.jpg" width="40%" alt="----------" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 7 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h2><a name="PREFACE" id="PREFACE"></a>PREFACE.</h2>
+
+
+<div class="figleft" style="width:5%; margin:0 2px 0 0;padding:0;">
+<img src="images/ill_024.jpg" width="100%" alt="A" title="" />
+</div><p>s conjectured last year, considerable
+further changes
+have been produced in this
+edition.</p>
+
+<p>When, some five years ago, work
+on this annual was first commenced,
+the military aviator was an idle
+dream. Fighting men in dirigibles
+were a bare possibility; but nothing
+more than that. Every amateur
+building an aeroplane (or even
+merely intending to build one) in
+his back garden was a possible
+"conqueror of the air." The aeroplane
+was going to oust the motor
+car as a sporting vehicle&mdash;everyone
+was quite certain about that! Beyond
+that, nothing!</p>
+
+<p>To-day everything is completely
+changed and except as a war
+machine the aeroplane is of little
+interest or use to anyone. A few
+civilian aviators are still flying, but
+in practically every case they are
+doing so in connection with the
+business aspect of the question.
+There is no "sport of aviation" such
+as the prophets foretold a few years
+ago.</p>
+
+<p>An increasing number of people
+obtain their pilot certificates and
+lists of these are still given, although
+the title of "aviator" is in the bulk
+of cases somewhat of a courtesy
+one, since so few keep on flying
+once they have secured their brevets.</p>
+
+<p>It is as a <i>war machine</i> that the
+aeroplane has come into its own.
+The Italian aeroplanes over and
+over again proved their utility in
+Tripoli. Although in the Balkan
+War aircraft were less in evidence
+than many expected, this may be
+attributed to the peculiar circumstances
+of the campaign and also to
+the scarcity of available machines.</p>
+
+<p>Every country is now engaged in
+forming its aerial fleets. How far
+the naval and military branches
+will coalesce, or how far they will
+differentiate remains to be seen.
+The probabilities, at present, all
+point in the latter direction, and that
+just as an army is made up of
+cavalry, infantry, artillery, etc., and
+a navy of battleships, cruisers,
+torpedo craft and submarines, so the
+sky fleets seem destined to consist
+of groups of different types of
+machines, each type designed for
+some special purpose.</p>
+
+<p>The increased war utility of aircraft
+has necessitated an extension
+of the pages devoted to organisation
+of military aviation, etc. The details
+given are by no means as full as I
+could wish; but all organisations are
+being so continually changed owing
+to increased experience that satisfactory
+data are not very easy to
+come by.</p>
+
+<p>During the past twelve months or
+so we have learned at least one or
+two important things. The mere
+fact of the possession of aeroplanes
+by a nation is a military factor of
+comparatively little importance. A
+nation possessing next to no aeroplanes
+can easily acquire a few
+hundreds in case of emergency <i>if
+she has the people to build them</i>. The
+real problem is two-fold. First, of
+course, is the possession of trained
+and efficient aviators to fly the
+machines. Naval and military
+officers who have merely secured
+their brevets at a flying school are
+of no immediate value; civilians of
+the same kind are of still less utility.</p>
+
+<p>Second to this is the productive
+capacity of any country; which may
+roughly be gauged from the number
+and importance of its firms engaged
+in construction.</p>
+
+<p>These points cannot too strongly
+be enforced. The air strength of
+any nation in case of war resides in
+its efficient flying men and in its
+own productive capacity. The next
+war will see aircraft quite as much
+"contraband" as warships, and the
+nation which relies upon aerial
+imports will be foredoomed at once.
+One month is probably the utmost
+effective life of an aeroplane on
+hard active service and it may well
+be a good deal less. And firms
+capable of building efficient machines
+cannot be improvised.</p>
+
+<p>A remarkable feature of the last
+twelve months has been the
+recrudescence of the dirigible, which
+is now in far greater esteem than it
+was a year ago, or for that matter,
+ever before. In the past there is
+no doubt that progress was hampered
+by arguments between the advocates
+of "heavier than air" and "lighter
+than air," and a curious notion that
+the one could only exist at the
+expense of the other.</p>
+
+<p>Such ideas are now dead, and it is
+recognised that for war purposes
+both have their uses and that both
+are interdependent. It is not quite
+yet realised how intense this interdependence
+is likely to be.</p>
+
+<p>Briefly the present situation may
+be summed up as follows: the dirigible
+has enormous potentialities for
+attack on fortified bases and the
+like, but its powers of defence, guns
+or no guns, are very slight. A single
+aeroplane should be able to disable
+or destroy without very great<!-- Page 8 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</a></span>
+difficulty the finest dirigible yet built
+(supposing it able to find the airship
+in the vastness of the air). The
+damage that a single aeroplane can
+do to land defences or ships is,
+however, entirely trivial&mdash;at any rate
+at present.</p>
+
+<p>Hence the aerial war unit already
+formed in Germany, and likely to be
+in existence everywhere else ere
+another year or so has passed. This
+unit is a dirigible of great offensive
+powers, associated with a number of
+aeroplanes presumably intended to
+defend it and ward off and defeat
+attack by hostile aeroplanes.</p>
+
+<p>This is merely the crude beginning,
+it seems reasonably safe to prophecy
+that in the early future the aerial
+war-unit will be made up somewhat
+as follows:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>(<i>a</i>) An offensive dirigible, carrying the maximum of bombs, etc.</p>
+
+<p>(<i>b</i>) One or two dirigibles carrying oil and petrol for the
+aeroplanes&mdash;possibly capable of dealing with all minor repairs and
+of carrying a certain number of aeroplanes on board.</p>
+
+<p>(<i>c</i>) A number of war aeroplanes specially designed for fighting other
+aeroplanes and attacking hostile dirigibles as chances may occur.</p>
+
+<p>(<i>d</i>) A few very swift one man aeroplanes which will be the eyes of
+the unit.</p></div>
+
+<p>This seems an early certainty.
+After all it merely reproduces for
+the air what centuries of experience
+have shewn to be essential for fleets
+and armies.</p>
+
+<p>The matter is a fascinating subject
+for speculation; but in connection
+with a work that exists merely to
+deal with things as they are at
+present, is perhaps, better not now
+pursued further. One point, however,
+may perhaps be mentioned,
+and that is that victory or defeat in
+aerial warfare seems likely to depend
+upon which side can first destroy
+the other's bases. A base-less
+dirigible will not live long. This is
+likely to lead to very great attention
+being paid at an early date to anti-aircraft
+guns and other devices for
+the defence of aerial bases.</p>
+
+<p>Reverting to the arrangement of
+the present edition, a few words
+may be said about some of the
+changes. As stated last year the
+clumsy old system of grouping
+monoplanes, biplanes, etc., separately
+has been abolished. So many firms
+specialise in both that any such
+grouping could only lead to confusion.</p>
+
+<p>A tabular system has been
+generally adopted for most new
+matter. This will be found far more
+convenient for reference, and of
+course, saves a great deal of space.</p>
+
+<p>The effective age of aeroplanes
+is somewhat of a vexed question,
+for while one year probably
+represents the really effective war
+utility endurance, even in peace
+time, school life is more or less
+indefinite and so is ordinary private
+life. Consequently&mdash;although "dead
+machines" are excluded it has not
+been possible to draw an exactly
+uniform age limit line beyond that.
+Speaking generally modern machines
+represent as a rule detail improvements
+rather than the complete
+changes of the past. For example,
+the gap between 1911 and 1913, is
+far less than the gap between 1909
+and 1911. This fact is beginning to
+make itself felt in war machines.</p>
+
+<p>In Part B an attempt has been
+made to collect illustrations of aeroplanes
+of the past which for one
+reason or another possess an
+historical interest. This section is
+remarkable for two totally different
+things (1) the early anticipations of
+some modern practice, and (2) the
+past prevalence of certain other
+ideas which are now totally extinct.</p>
+
+<p>Part C deals with aero-engines.
+It is mainly remarkable&mdash;in comparison
+with past issues&mdash;for the
+large number of engines which have
+ceased to exist. It is probably still
+too ample; as a year hence quite half
+the makers still recorded are likely
+to disappear. The mere ability to
+construct motor car engines is no
+longer of value. The aeroplane
+engine designer needs to be a
+specialist. The absolutely ideal
+aero-engine no doubt yet remains to
+be produced; but meanwhile the
+tendency of users to concentrate
+upon fewer makes is increasingly
+evident, despite the fact that the
+best engine for one particular type
+of machine is not necessarily the
+best for some other type.</p>
+
+<p>In conclusion I tender my most
+grateful thanks to all those who
+have so kindly collaborated with or
+for me in the various sections. The
+book is still some way from being
+near my ideal, but I have every hope
+that this edition will be generally
+considered a very considerable
+improvement upon previous issues.</p>
+
+<p class="right">FRED T. JANE.</p>
+
+<p><i>Bedhampton,</i><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;"><i>Hants.,</i></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;"><i>England.</i></span></p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 9 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="GLOSSARY_OF_TECHNICAL_TERMS_Etc" id="GLOSSARY_OF_TECHNICAL_TERMS_Etc"></a>GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL TERMS, Etc.</h2>
+
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL TERMS, Etc.">
+<tr><th>ENGLISH.</th><th> DUTCH.</th><th> FRENCH.</th><th> GERMAN.</th><th> ITALIAN.</th><th> NOTES.</th></tr>
+<tr><td>Abaft</td><td> Achterste deel</td><td> Arri&egrave;re</td><td> Hinter</td><td> A poppa</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Accessories</td><td> Onderdeelen</td><td> Accessoires</td><td> Zubeh&ouml;r</td><td> Accessori</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Accumulator</td><td> Accumulator</td><td> Accumulateur</td><td> Akkumulator</td><td> Accumulatore</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>AEROPLANE</b></td><td> Dekvlieger</td><td> A&eacute;roplane</td><td> Drachenflieger</td><td> Aereoplano</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Aeronaut</td><td> Luchtvaarder</td><td> A&eacute;ronaute</td><td> Luftschiffer</td><td> Aereonauta</td></tr>
+<tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td> Aviateur</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Aerostat</td><td> Luchtbal</td><td> A&eacute;rostat</td><td> Freiballon</td><td> Aereostato</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Aft</td><td> Achterdeel</td><td> Arri&egrave;re</td><td> Hinten</td><td> Addietro</td></tr>
+<tr><td>After (rear)</td><td> Achter</td><td> Arri&egrave;re</td><td> Hinterer</td><td> Poppa</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Air-cooled</td><td> Luchtgekoeld</td><td> Refroidit par Pair</td><td> Luftgekuhlt</td><td> Raffredda ad aria</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Angleiron</td><td> Hoek&yuml;zer</td><td> Corni&egrave;re</td><td> Eck Schiene</td><td> Ferro ad angolo</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Anti-friction metal</td><td> Wit metaal</td><td> M&eacute;tal anti friction on regule</td><td> Lagermetall</td><td> Metallo beanco (anti frizione)</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Aviation</td><td> Vliegtechniek</td><td> Aviation</td><td> Flugtechnik</td><td> Aviazione</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Babbit Metal</td><td> Babbits metaal</td><td> M&eacute;tal Babbitt on regule</td><td> Lagermetall</td><td> Metallo Babbitt</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Balance</td><td> Evenwicht</td><td> Equilibre</td><td> Gleichgewicht</td><td> Equilibrio</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Ball bearings</td><td> Kogellagers</td><td> Coussinets &agrave; billes</td><td> Kugel Lager</td><td> Cuscinetti a sfere</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Ballonet</td><td> Luchtzak</td><td> Ballonet</td><td> Ballonet</td><td> Palloncino compensatore</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Battery</td><td> Batter&yuml;</td><td> Batterie</td><td> Batterie</td><td> Pila a secco</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Bearing metal</td><td> Kussenmetaal</td><td> M&eacute;tal pour les coussinets on regule</td><td> Lager metall</td><td> Metallo par cuscinette</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Behind</td><td> Achter</td><td> Derri&egrave;re</td><td> Hinter</td><td> Di dietro</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Bevel geared</td><td> Kegelraderwerk</td><td> Engrenage Conique</td><td> Konischer Antrieb</td><td> Ingranaggio conico</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Biplane</td><td> Tweedekker</td><td> Biplan</td><td> Zwei decker</td><td> Biplano</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Blades (of propeller)</td><td> Bladen (der schroef)</td><td> Pales</td><td> Fl&uuml;gel</td><td> Pale delt'elica</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Body</td><td> Romp</td><td> Fuselage</td><td> K&ouml;rper</td><td> Telaio o chassis</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Bolt</td><td> Bout</td><td> Bonlon</td><td> Bolzen</td><td> Bollone</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Box-kite</td><td> Kabel-vlieger</td><td> Cerf-volant</td><td> Drachen</td><td>Aquilone a celle</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Bracket</td><td> Klamp</td><td> Tasseau</td><td> St&uuml;tze</td><td> Sostegno</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Brake</td><td> Rem</td><td> Frein</td><td> Bremse</td><td> Freno</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Breadth</td><td> Breedte</td><td> Largeur</td><td> Breite</td><td> Larghezza</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Canvas</td><td> Doek</td><td> Toile</td><td> Leinwand</td><td> Tela</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Car</td><td> Gondel</td><td> Nacelle</td><td> Gondel</td><td> Navicella</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Carburetter</td><td> Vergasser</td><td> Carburateur</td><td> Vergaser</td><td> Carburatore</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Casting</td><td> Gietstuk</td><td> Moulage</td><td> Guss St&uuml;ck</td><td> Getto</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Centre of Gravity</td><td> Zwaartepunt</td><td> Centre de Gravit&eacute;</td><td> Schwerpunkt</td><td> Centro di gravit&agrave;</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Chain driven</td><td> Door ketting gedreven</td><td> Transmission par chaine</td><td> Ketten antrieb</td><td> Trasmissione a catena</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Chassis</td><td> Gestel</td><td> Chassis</td><td> Motor Rahmen</td><td> Chassis</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Circumference</td><td> Omtrek</td><td> Circonf&eacute;rance</td><td> Umfang</td><td> Cuconferenza</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Clutch</td><td> Haak</td><td> Embrayage</td><td> Kupplung</td><td> Innesto</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Connection</td><td> Schakeling</td><td> Couplage</td><td> Kupplung</td><td> Connessione</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Control</td><td> Stuurinrichting</td><td> Direction</td><td> Lenk Ubersetsung</td><td> Meccanismo di direzione</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Coupled</td><td> Gekoppeld</td><td> Jumel&eacute;</td><td> Paarweise</td><td> Accoppiato</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Crank shaft</td><td> Krukas</td><td> Arbre &agrave; manivelle</td><td> Kurbelwelle</td><td> Albero delle manovelle</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Cylinder</td><td> C&yuml;linder</td><td> Cylindre</td><td> Zylinder</td><td> Cilindro</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Die cast Bearings</td><td>Ondermetaallager</td><td> Coussinets mout&eacute;s encogiulles</td><td> Schalenguss Lager</td><td> Cuscinette fusi in conchiglia</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>DIRIGIBLE</b></td><td> Motorballon</td><td> Dirigeable: A&eacute;ronat</td><td>Motorluftschiff</td><td> Dirigibile</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Diameter</td><td> Middell&yuml;n</td><td> Diam&egrave;tre</td><td> Durchmesser</td><td> Diametro</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Direct driven</td><td> Direct gekoppeld</td><td> Prise directe</td><td> Direkter Antrieb</td><td> Presa diretta</td></tr>
+<tr><td><!-- Page 10 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</a></span>Electric welding</td><td> Electrische Lassching</td><td> Soudure  &eacute;lectrique</td><td> Elektrisches Schweissen</td><td> Soldatura elettrica</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Elevator (horizontal rudder)</td><td> Hoogtestuur</td><td> Gouvernail de profondeur</td><td> Hohensteuer</td><td> Timone orizzontale</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Engine</td><td> Motor</td><td> Moteur</td><td> Motor</td><td> Motore</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Fan</td><td> Ventilator</td><td> Ventilateur</td><td> Ventilator</td><td> Ventilatore</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Fittings</td><td> Fittings</td><td> Garniture</td><td> Garnitur</td><td> Armamento</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Flight</td><td> Vlucht</td><td> Vol</td><td> Flug</td><td> Volo</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Flown</td><td> Gevlogen</td><td> Vol&eacute;</td><td> Geflogen</td><td> Volato</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Fore</td><td> Voor</td><td> Avant</td><td> Vorderer</td><td> Ouvanti</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Forward (in front)</td><td> Van Voren</td><td> En avant</td><td> Vor</td><td> Davanti</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Frame</td><td> Romp</td><td> Fuselage</td><td> Rahm</td><td> Telais</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Framework</td><td> Geraamte</td><td> Fuselage</td><td> Ger&uuml;ste</td><td> Intelaiatura</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Gas bag</td><td> Gaszak</td><td> Enveloppe</td><td> Luftballon (H&uuml;lle)</td><td> Involucro</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Geared to</td><td> Vertand</td><td> Multipli&eacute; &agrave;</td><td> Uebersetst auf</td><td> Moltiplicato a</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Gear driven</td><td> Met tandrad-overbrenging</td><td></td><td> durch Zahnr&auml;dern getrieben</td><td> Trasmissione a ingranaggi</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Girder</td><td> Balk</td><td> Poutre</td><td> Balken</td><td> Longarin</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Glider</td><td> Gl&yuml;dvlieger</td><td> Planeur</td><td> Gleitflieger</td><td> Apparecehio a planare</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Gondola</td><td> Gondel</td><td> Nacelle</td><td> Gondel</td><td> Navicella</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Helices</td><td> Schroeven</td><td> Helices</td><td> Schranben</td><td> Elich&eacute;</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Helicopter</td><td> Schroefvlieger</td><td> Helicopt&egrave;re</td><td> Schraubenflieger</td><td> Elicoplano Elicottero</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Horizontal plane (in a)</td><td>Horizontaalvlak (in een)</td><td>Plan horizontal</td><td>Horizontal fl&auml;che</td><td> Piano orizzontale</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Horse power</td><td> Paardekracht</td><td> Puissance en chevaux</td><td> Pferdekraft</td><td> Forza cavalli</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Hydrogen</td><td> Waterstof</td><td> Hydrog&egrave;ne</td><td> Wasserstoff</td><td> Idrogens</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Ignition</td><td> Ontsteking</td><td> Allumage</td><td> Z&uuml;ndung</td><td> Accensione</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Inch</td><td> Duim</td><td> 25.39 m/m.</td><td> 25.39 m/m.</td><td> Pollice = 25.39 m/m.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Inclination</td><td> Helling</td><td> Inclination</td><td> Schr&auml;gstellung</td><td> Inclinazione</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Keel</td><td> Kiel</td><td> Car&egrave;ne</td><td> Kiel</td><td> Chiglia</td></tr>
+<tr><td>K.P.M. (kilometres per hour)</td><td> K.P.U. (kilom. per uur)</td><td> Kilometres par heure</td><td> Kilometre pro Stunde</td><td>Chilometre all'ora</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Kite</td><td> Vlieger</td><td> Cerf volant</td><td> Drachen</td><td> Aquilone</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Length</td><td> Lengte</td><td> Longueur</td><td> L&auml;nge</td><td> Lunghezza</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Lining metal</td><td> Lagermetaal</td><td> M&eacute;tal pour garnir less coussinets ou  r&eacute;gule</td><td> Lagermetall</td><td> Metallo per bronzine dei cuscinetti</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Lower (planes)</td><td>Onder (vlakken)</td><td> Inferieur (plans)</td><td> Untere Fl&auml;chen</td><td> Piani inferiori</td></tr>
+<tr><td><!-- Page 11 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</a></span>Magneto</td><td> Magneet</td><td> Magneto</td><td> Magnet</td><td> Magneto</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Maximum</b></td><td> Maximum</td><td> Maximum</td><td> Maximum</td><td> Massimo</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Middle (plane)</td><td> Midden (vlak)</td><td> (Plan)au milieu</td><td> Mittel Deck</td><td> Piano medio</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Mile</td><td> M&yuml;l</td><td> Mile</td><td> Meile</td><td> Miglio</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Military</td><td> Militair</td><td> Militaire</td><td> Milit&auml;rische</td><td> Militare</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Miscellaneous</td><td> Verschillend (allerlei)</td><td> General</td><td> Verschiedenes</td><td> Diversi</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Monoplane</b></td><td> Eendekker</td><td> Monoplan</td><td> Ein decker</td><td> Monoplano</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Motor</b></td><td> Motor</td><td> Moteur</td><td> Motor</td><td> Motore</td></tr>
+<tr><td>M.P.H. (miles per hour)</td><td> M.P.U.  (m&yuml;l per uur)</td><td> Vitesse</td><td> M.P.S.</td><td> Miglia all'ora</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Multiplane</td><td> Veeldekker</td><td> Multiplan</td><td> Vieldecker</td><td> Multiplano</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Nacelle</td><td> Schuitje</td><td> Nacelle</td><td> Gondel</td><td> Navicella</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Non-rigid</b></td><td> Slap</td><td> Souple</td><td> Unstarr</td><td> Non-rigido&mdash;flessibile</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Petrol (gasoline)</td><td> Benzine</td><td> Essence</td><td> Benzin</td><td> Benzina</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Pilot (driver)</td><td> Bestuurder</td><td> Flyer: Aviateur</td><td> F&uuml;hrer</td><td> Aviatore</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Pivot</td><td> Tap</td><td> Pivot</td><td> Gewinde Zapfen</td><td> Perno</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Planes</td><td> Vlakken</td><td> Plans</td><td> Fl&auml;chen</td><td> Piani</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Plug</td><td> Kaars, stop</td><td> Bougie</td><td> Z&uuml;nd Kerze</td><td> Candela</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Pound (lb.)</td><td> Eng pond = 0,453 K.G.</td><td> 0.453 kg.</td><td> 0.453 kg.</td><td> Libbra = 0.453 kg.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Pressure</td><td> Druk</td><td> Pression</td><td> Druck</td><td> Pressione</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Propeller</td><td> Schroef</td><td> Helice</td><td> Schraube</td><td> Eliche</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Quadruplane</td><td> Vierdekker</td><td> Quadruplan</td><td> Vier decker</td><td> Qudruplani</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Quintuplane</td><td> V&yuml;fdekker</td><td> Quintuplan</td><td> F&uuml;nf decker</td><td> Quintuplani</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Radiator</td><td> Koeler</td><td> Radiateur</td><td> K&uuml;hler</td><td> Radiatore</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Rear (in)</td><td> Achterkant (aan de)</td><td> En arri&egrave;re</td><td> Hinten</td><td> Indictro</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Reduction gearing</td><td> Reductie-overbrenging</td><td>Engrenage de demultiplication</td><td> Ubersetzung</td><td> Ingranaggi di ridugione</td></tr>
+<tr><td>R.P.M. (revolutions per minute)</td><td>Omw. per minuut</td><td> Tours</td><td> Umlauf</td><td> Giri al minuto</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Rigid</b></td><td> St&yuml;f</td><td> Rigide</td><td> Starr</td><td> Rigido</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Rises</td><td> St&yuml;gt</td><td> S'el&eacute;ve</td><td> Hebt sich</td><td> Si eleva</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Rubber</td><td> Gummi</td><td> Caoutchouc</td><td> Gummi</td><td> Gomma</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Rudder</td><td> Roer, Stuur</td><td> Gouvernail</td><td> Steuer</td><td> Timone</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Section</td><td> Doorsnede</td><td> Section</td><td> Durchschnitt</td><td> Regione</td></tr>
+<tr><td><!-- Page 12 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</a></span><b>Semi-rigid</b></td><td> Halfst&yuml;f</td><td> Demi-rigide</td><td> Halb Starr</td><td> Semi-rigido</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Span</td><td> Spanw&yuml;dte</td><td> Envergure</td><td> Spanweite</td><td> Apertura</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Speed</b></td><td> Snelheid</td><td> Vitesse</td><td> Geschwindigkeit</td><td> Velocita</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Stability</td><td> Evenwicht</td><td> Stabilit&eacute;</td><td> Gleichgewicht</td><td> Stabilit&agrave;</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Stabilising fins</td><td> Evenwichtsvlakken</td><td> Ailerons</td><td> Gleichgwichtsfl&auml;chen</td><td> Piani stabilizzaton</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Steel</td><td> Staal</td><td> Acier</td><td> Stahl</td><td> Acciaio</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Steering Gear</b></td><td> Stuurtoestel</td><td> Direction</td><td> Steuerung</td><td> Meccanismo di direzione</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Steering Wheel</td><td> Stuurwiel</td><td> Volant</td><td> Steuerrad</td><td> Volante di direzione</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Supporting surface</b></td><td> Draagvlak</td><td> Surface</td><td> Tragfl&auml;che</td><td> Superficio di sostegno</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Surfaces</td><td> Oppervlakken</td><td> Surfaces</td><td> Fl&auml;chen</td><td> Superfici</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Suspension</td><td> Ophanging</td><td> Suspension</td><td> Aufh&auml;ngung</td><td> Sospensioni</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Switch</td><td> Omschakelaar</td><td> Interrupteur</td><td> Schalter</td><td> Interruttore</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Tail</td><td> Staart</td><td> Queu</td><td> Schwanz</td><td> Coda</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Total weight</b></td><td> Totaal gewicht</td><td> Poids totale</td><td> Gesamtlast</td><td> Peso totale</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Transmission Shaft</td><td> Overbrengingsas</td><td> Arbre de transmission</td><td> Transmissions Welle</td><td> Albero di trasmissione</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Trial</td><td> Proef</td><td> Essai</td><td> Probe</td><td> Prova</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Triplane</b></td><td> Driedekker</td><td> Triplan</td><td> Drei decker</td><td> Triplano</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Universal Joint</td><td> Kogelgewricht</td><td> Joint universel</td><td> Kardan</td><td> Guinta universale</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Unladen</td><td> Onbelast, leeg</td><td> &agrave; vide</td><td> Leerlaufend</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Upper (planes)</td><td> Boven (vlakken)</td><td> Superior</td><td> Ob ere</td><td> Piani Superior</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Useful lift</b></td><td> Nuttier last</td><td> Poids utile</td><td> Outlast</td><td> Forza utile di elevation</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Valve</td><td> Kelp</td><td> Soup ape</td><td> Lentil</td><td> Valvular</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Vertical plane (in the)</td><td> Vertical vlak (in het)</td><td> Plan vertical</td><td> (in der) Vertikalfl�che</td><td> Neal piano verticale</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Vertical rudder</td><td> Z&yuml;stuur</td><td> Gouvernail verticale</td><td> Seitensteuer</td><td> Timone verticale</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Volume</b></td><td> Inhoud</td><td> Volume</td><td> Inhalt</td><td> Volume</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Water-cooled</td><td> Watergekoeld</td><td> Refroidissement par eau</td><td> Wasserk&uuml;hlung</td><td> Raffreddata ad acqua</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Weight</b></td><td> Gewicht</td><td> Poids</td><td> Gewicht</td><td> Peso</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Wheels</td><td> Wielen</td><td> Roues</td><td> Raeder</td><td> Ruote</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Wings</b></td><td> Vleugels</td><td> Ailes</td><td> Fl&uuml;gel</td><td> Ali</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Wood</td><td> Hout</td><td> Bois</td><td> Holz</td><td> Legno</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Yard (measure)</td><td> Yard (maat) = 0,914 M</td><td> 0.914 m&egrave;tres</td><td> 0.914 meter</td><td> Jarda=0.914 m.</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 13 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2 class="right"><a name="Part_A" id="Part_A"></a><span class="smcap u">Part A</span>.</h2>
+
+
+<h2>AEROPLANES &amp; DIRIGIBLES.</h2>
+
+<h3>ARRANGED BY NATIONALITIES
+IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER.</h3>
+
+<p><i>Note.</i>&mdash;Every nation is given in the following fixed order:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">List of Aerial Societies and Clubs, with addresses and Secretaries where possible.<br />
+List of Aerial Journals, with addresses, price, and dates of publication.<br />
+List of Flying Grounds for aeroplanes, and hangars for dirigibles (if any).<br />
+List of Military and Naval Machines and aviators.<br />
+List of Private Aviators, total of machines, etc.<br />
+AEROPLANES in alphabetical order, <i>uniform scale</i> plans, and particulars.<br />
+DIRIGIBLES: Military and private <i>uniform scale</i> plans, and particulars.</div>
+
+<div class="center"><i>Note.</i>&mdash;The uniform scale of dirigible plans is a smaller scale than that used for aeroplanes.</div>
+<p><!-- Page 15 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h3><a name="ARGENTINE" id="ARGENTINE"></a>ARGENTINE.</h3>
+
+<p class="center"><b>(Revised by J. SCHIERE, Aeronautical Engineer and Librarian, Dutch R. Ae. C.)</b></p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Societies:&mdash;</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging blockquot"><p>Ae.C., Argentino, 561, S. Martin, Buenos Ayres.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Journals:&mdash;</b></h4>
+
+<div class="blockquot hanging"><p>Boletin del Ae.C., Argentino (Monthly).</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Flying Grounds:&mdash;</b></h4>
+
+<div class="blockquot hanging"><p><b>Aerodromo Villa Lugano</b>. (P. Castabert, Director.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Aerodromo del Palomar</b>. (Military).</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Military Aviation.</b></h4>
+
+<p>At the end of 1912 there were 6 military aeroplanes (3 <i>Bleriot</i>,
+1 <i>Castaibert</i>, 1 <i>Nieuport</i>, and 1 <i>H Farman</i>)&mdash;all 1912 models.</p>
+
+<p>Marcel Paillette is director of the military flying ground at the
+Palomar Aerodrome.</p>
+
+<p>More machines will be added and by the end of the present year
+it is probable that a very considerable air force will exist.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Private Aviators.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Bregi, Henri (A.C.F. 26)<br />
+de Bruyn, A. (3)<br />
+Castaibert, B. (1)<br />
+Fels, T. (9)<br />
+England, Gordon F.C. (British p.)
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Goffre, C.A. (4)<br />
+Hentsch, H. (5)<br />
+Mascias, A.R. (8)<br />
+Melchior, E. (11)<br />
+Newbury, G. (6)
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Origone, M.F. (10)<br />
+Paillette, Marcel (French p.)<br />
+Parravicini, F. (7)<br />
+Roth, J.A. (2)<br />
+Valleton A. (French p.)<br />
+</div>
+<p class="clear">&nbsp;</p>
+
+<h4><b><i>PABLO CASTAIBERT. Monoplane.</i></b></h4>
+
+<table class="box" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="PABLO CASTAIBERT">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"><b>Type</b></th>
+<th><b>1911.</b><br/>
+  <i>Bleriot-Hanriot</i> type.</th>
+<th><b>1912.</b><br/>
+  <i>Bleriot</i> type.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">Length</td><td class="l"></td><td> 26&frac12; feet (8.15 m.)</td><td> 28 feet (8.47 m.)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">Span</td><td class="l"></td><td> 29 feet (8.80 m.)</td><td> 30 feet (9.35 m.)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">Area</td><td class="l"></td><td> 206 sq. ft. (19-20 m&sup2;.)</td><td> 194 sq. ft. (18 m&sup2;.)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">Weight</td><td class="l">(total)</td><td> 705 lbs. (320 kgs.)</td><td> 617 lbs. (280 kgs.)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">Motor</td><td class="l">(h.p.)</td><td> 25 Anzani</td><td> 50 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">Speed</td><td class="l">(p.h.)</td><td> 46&frac12; m. (75 km.)</td><td> 50 m. (80 km.)</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Note.</i> Both fly well. Description in <i>Boletin de Ae.C. Argentino</i>.<!-- Page 16 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[Pg 16]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h3><a name="AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN" id="AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN"></a>AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN.</h3>
+
+<p class="center">(<b>By our Austrian Editor</b>.)</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Societies:&mdash;</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Cesky Club Automobilistn. Aviatische Sektion. (Prague.)</p>
+<p>Deutscher Luftfahrt-Verein in Boehmen (Teplitz-Schoenau).</p>
+<p>Flugtechnischer Verein f&uuml;r M&auml;hren (Brunn.).</p>
+<p>Flugtechnischer Verein in Schlesien (Troppau).</p>
+<p>Flugtechnischer Verein in Steiermark (Graz, Schmiedgasse 31).</p>
+<p>K.k. Oesterreichischer Flugtechnischer Verein (Wienstrasse 31, Vienna).</p>
+<p>K&auml;rtner Automobil Club (Klagenf&uuml;rt.)</p>
+<p>Klub Awiata (Obertynska Str. 8, Lemburg, Galicia).</p>
+<p>Magyar Automobil Club (Budapest).</p>
+<p>Magyar Athletikai Club (Abt. fur Aviatik) Budapest.</p>
+<p>Ober&ouml;sterreichischer Verein f.L. in Linz (Landstr. 119, Linz).</p>
+<p>Oesterreichischer Aero Club (St. Annahoff, Vienna) (<i>formerly Wiener Aero Club</i>).</p>
+<p>Oesterreichischer Flugsport Club (Breitegasse 7, Vienna VII).</p>
+<p>K.k. Oesterreichischer Flugtechnischer Verein (Weinstrasse 31, Vienna).</p>
+<p>Oesterreichischer Luftflotten-Verein (Vienna).</p>
+<p>Oesterreichischer Wintersportklub (Vienna). <i>Glider club.</i></p>
+<p>Verein f&uuml;r L. in Tirol (Innsbruck).</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Journals:&mdash;</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><i>Allgemeine Automobil Zeitung.</i> (Fleischmarkt 5, Vienna) weekly.</p>
+
+<p><i>Allgemeine Sport Zeitung.</i> (St. Annhoff, Vienna) weekly.</p>
+
+<p><i>H.P. Fachzeitung f&uuml;r Automobilismus und Flugtechnik.</i> (Vienna) weekly.</p>
+
+<p><i>Oesterreichische Flugzeitschrift.</i> (Aspernplatz, Wien I) fortnightly.</p>
+
+<p><i>Wiener Luftschiffer-Zeitung.</i> (St. Annahof, Vienna) fortnightly.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Flying Grounds:&mdash;</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p style="margin-left:2em;"><i>Military.</i></p>
+
+<p><b>Fischamend</b> (Principal Army).</p>
+<p><b>Goerz.</b></p>
+<p><b>Zaule b. Triest.</b></p>
+
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
+<p style="margin-left:2em;"><i>Naval.</i></p>
+
+<p><b>Pola.</b></p>
+
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
+<p style="margin-left:2em;"><i>Private.</i></p>
+
+<p><b>Aspern bei Wien</b>, Vienna.</p>
+<p><b>Rakos bei Budapest.</b></p>
+<p><b>Wiener Neustadt.</b></p>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 17 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[Pg 17]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h3><a name="AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN_AEROPLANES" id="AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN_AEROPLANES"></a><b>AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN AEROPLANES.</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b>Military Aviation: General.</b></h4>
+
+<p>In June, 1912, a central aeronautical committee was created, under the presidency of Prince
+F&uuml;rstenberg, to deal with the creation of a national aerial fleet. One of the objects is the perfection of
+the Austrian machines and factories.</p>
+
+<p>About the same date, Pola was selected as a naval aviation school, and two <i>Paulhan-Curtiss</i> hydro-avions
+purchased.</p>
+
+<p>In August the record making <i>Lohner</i> was purchased for the Army.</p>
+
+<p>During September Captain Odolek tested before the military authorities a parachute of his invention;
+and a number were ordered.</p>
+
+<p>In October very strict regulations were issued as to aircraft flying over prohibited areas, a rule that
+any offenders would be shot at was subsequently modified.</p>
+
+<p>In November a <i>Donnet-Ler&ecirc;que</i> was purchased for the Navy and another ordered at the Whitehead
+Works, Fiume.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Army Section.</b></h4>
+
+<p>At the end of 1911 the Army possessed 4 monoplanes and one biplane (a <i>Lohner</i>), now available for
+school work.</p>
+
+<p>During 1912 there were acquired:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>20 monoplanes.</b>&mdash;1 <i>Bleriot</i>, 2 <i>Nieuport</i>, 15 <i>Etrich-Taube</i>, 1 <i>Etrich</i> limousine, 1 <i>Deperdussin</i>.</p>
+
+<p><b>6 biplanes.</b>&mdash;4 <i>Lohner-Daimler</i>, 1 <i>Mars</i>, 1 <i>Klobucar</i>, (of the above the 2 <i>Nieuports</i>, 1 <i>Etrich</i> limousine
+and the 4 <i>Lohners</i> were the only ones built in Austria).</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Naval Section.</b></h4>
+
+<p><b>4 hydro-avions</b> were acquired during 1912; 2 <i>Donnet-Lev&ecirc;que</i> and 2 <i>Paulhan-Curtiss</i>.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>Military Pilots.</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Banfield, Ob. Leut.<br />
+Blaschke, v. Ob. Leut.<br />
+Eyb, Ob. Leut.<br />
+Flassig, Leut.<br />
+Holeka, Ob. Leut.<br />
+Kenese, Ob. Leut.<br/>
+Klobucar, Ob. Leut.
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Miller, Ob. Leut. (5)<br />
+Oelwein, Ob. Leut.<br />
+Perini, Leut.<br />
+Petroczy, Haupt. von.<br />
+Riedlinger, Ob. Leut. von.<br/>
+Schindler, Leut.<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Sch&uuml;nzel, Leut.<br />
+Stohanzl, Ob. Leut. K (14)<br />
+Umlauff, Major von. (10)<br />
+Uzelac, Ob. Leut.<br />
+Venczel, Leut.<br />
+Welhelm, Ob. Leut. von
+</div>
+
+
+<p class="clear">&nbsp;</p>
+
+<p>The military centre is at Goerz, the naval one at Pola.</p>
+
+<p>Flying officers receive each a grant of 1,600 crowns; also 15 crowns a month for upkeep. Special
+certificate brings 2,000 crowns extra grant.</p>
+
+
+<h4 class="center"><b><i>Private Aviators.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p class="center">
+* = Superior brevet.<br />
++ = Killed.
+</p>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Auer, J. (6)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Baar, R.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Baboncse, K.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Banfield, K.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bauer, Dr. V.R. von.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bernat, M.</span><br />
+*Brier, H. (18)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Blaschke von. Z.R.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Booms, W. (9)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bratmann, J.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Buchst&auml;tter, A.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cejnek, J.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cihak, E.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Ciszek, J.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Czermak, J.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Dworak, W.</span><br />
+*Economo, C.F. von. (7)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Fiedler, P. (19)</span><br />
+*Flesch, J. (11)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Friedmann, W.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Haner, E.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hesse, M.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Heyrowski, A.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hieronimus, O.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hinter, K.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hold, Hermann</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Huss, H.</span><br />
+*Illner, K.<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Javor, J.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kaiserfeld, R. von.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kasulakow, W.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Keck, Z.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kenese, W.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kir&aacute;ly, K.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Klobucar, V.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Knirsch, A.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kolowrat, A. Graf. (15)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kreiner, E.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lagler, B.V.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Latzel, J.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lettis, A.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Libowitzky, A.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mandl.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mazuranic, B.</span><br />
++Mosen.<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Nemec, H.E. von.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Nittner, E.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Ockerm&uuml;ller, H.</span><br />
++Petrovics, A. von. (13)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Pischof. A.R. von. (2)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rabis, M.</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Reisner, H.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Riedlinger, E. v. Kastrenberg.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rosenthal, F.</span><br />
++Russjan.<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Sablatnig, J. (12)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Schartner, H.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Schindler, A.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Schonowsky, B.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Sch&ouml;npflug, F.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Seidl, Franz.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Simon, R. (4)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Stanger, R.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Steiner-G&ouml;ltl, E. v. A.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Stiploschek, M.</span><br />
+*Sz&eacute;kely, M.<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Tauszig, A.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Teufl von. Ferland, R.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Umlauff von F.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Vlaicu, A.</span><br />
+*Warchalowski, A. (1)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Warchalowski, K. (8)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Weiner, T.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Widmer, J.</span><br />
++Wiesenbach, V.<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wose&ccedil;ek, W.</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<p class="clear">&nbsp;</p>
+
+<h4><b>Private Aeroplanes.</b></h4>
+
+<p>At the end of March, 1913, the total number of private aeroplanes in the country was about twenty.</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 18 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[Pg 18]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>ETRICH Monoplanes.</i></b></h4>
+<p>Etrich Flieger Werke, Wiener Neustadt. Igo Etrich was a very
+early experimenter in conjunction with Wels. In 1909 he produced on his own account the first
+<i>Etrich</i> monoplane, a characteristic machine, which except for detail improvement, varying dimensions,
+etc., has not been appreciably altered since. (See Historical Section.)</p>
+
+
+<div><img src="images/ill_035a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Photo, C. Maleuit." title="" />
+<div class="f7 right"><i>Photo, C. Maleuit.</i></div>
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Etrich">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2">Model and date.</th><th><b>VII 1911.</b></th>
+<th><b>VIII 1911-12.</b><br/>2-seater</th><th><b>1912-13.</b><br/>Limousine 2-seater.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td>37 (11.30)</td><td> 30&frac34; (9.30)</td><td> 26&frac14; (8)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td>48 (14.60)</td><td> 42 (12.80)</td><td> 31&frac14; (9.50)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m&sup2;.)</td><td> 380 (35)</td><td> 323 (30)</td><td> 280 (26)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td>120 Daimler</td><td>100</td><td> 60 Daimler</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">m.p.h. (km.)</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td>5</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;A number of <i>VII</i> &amp; <i>VIII</i> have been sold for military purposes to the Austrian, Russian,
+German, and other governments.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_035b.jpg" width="80%" alt="Etrich VIII. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="" />
+<div class="center">Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+<div class="smcap left">Etrich VIII.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 19 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[Pg 19]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_036a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Etrich. Limousine. Photo, Guld." title="" />
+<div class="right"><i>Photo, Guld.</i></div>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Etrich.</span> Limousine.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>LOHNER-DAIMLER.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>This firm is now amalgamated with Etrich.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_036b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Lohner-Daimler" title="" />
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="LOHNER-DAIMLER">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"></th><th><b>1911.</b></th><th><b>1912-13.</b><br/>Lohner Daimler Pfeilflieger.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td>...</td><td>32 (9.70)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td>...</td><td>44&frac14; (13.50)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m&sup2;.)</td><td>...</td><td>450 (42)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td>...</td><td>926 (420)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">useful lbs.(kgs.)</td><td>...</td><td>...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td>60 Aust. Daimler</td><td>125 Aust. Daimler</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">m.p.h. (km.)</td><td>50 (80)</td><td>62 (100)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td>?</td><td>4</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;Staggered and <b>V</b> shape. Late in 1911 one was purchased for the Austrian Army. In 1912
+made a world's altitude. Passenger record, 4,530 metres (14,862 feet.)</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 20 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[Pg 20]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>MERCEP Monoplanes.</i></b></h4>
+<p>Mihalis Mercep, Aeroplanwerkstatte, Agram, Hungary.
+Russjan was connected with this firm, which built 2 biplanes to his designs in 1909. Russjan was
+killed in the second of these. In 1911, a <i>Mercep</i> was built.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Mercep">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"></th><th><b>1911.</b></th><th><b>1912-13.</b></th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td>29&frac12; (9)</td><td>23 (7)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td>34-1/3 (10.50)</td><td>32&frac12; (10)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m&sup2;)</td><td>...</td><td>204 (19)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">machine, etc. lbs. (kgs.)</td><td>...</td><td>617 (280)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td>...</td><td>661 (300)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td>...</td><td>50 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built</td><td>1</td><td>1</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_037.jpg" width="100%" alt="Mercep. 1912-13." title="" />
+<div class="smcap left">Mercep. 1912-13.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 21 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[Pg 21]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>WARCHALOWSKI, Biplane.</i></b></h4>
+<p>Karl Warchalowski, Autoplan Werke, Odoakergasse
+35, Vienna XVI.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_038.jpg" width="100%" alt="Warchalowski, Biplane" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>A machine generally on <i>M. Farman</i> lines, but with different shaped ailerons and corners of the
+leading edge rounded.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>WHITEHEAD.</i></b></h4>
+<p>Whitehead &amp; Co., Fiume, Austria. The Whitehead Torpedo Co. has laid down
+plant for the production of hydro-aeroplanes.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>ZIEGLER Monoplane.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Flugzengwerke Johann Ziegler, Vienna.</p>
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Ziegler">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"></th><th><b>1912-13.</b></th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td>59 (18)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td>42&frac34; (13)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m&sup2;.)</td><td>586 (55)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">total</td><td>1656 (750)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">useful</td><td>...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td>100 Mercedes</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">m.p.h. (k.m.)</td><td>50 (80)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td>2</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><!-- Page 22 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[Pg 22]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN_DIRIGIBLES" id="AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN_DIRIGIBLES"></a><b>AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN DIRIGIBLES.</b></h2>
+
+
+<h4><b>Military.</b></h4>
+
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN DIRIGIBLES - Military">
+<tr><th class="r">Date of order.</th><th>Name.</th><th>Make.</th><th>Type.</th><th> Capacity in m&sup3;.</th><th>H.P.</th><th> Speed. m.p.h. (k.p.h.)</th><th>Remarks.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">1909</td><td> <b>M 1</b></td><td> Parseval P.L. 4</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 2300</td><td> 70</td><td> 27 (45)</td><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">1909</td><td> <b>M 2</b></td><td> Lebaudy-Juillot 6</td><td> s.r.</td><td> 4800</td><td> 100</td><td> 23 (37)</td><td> Wrecked 1911 but repaired</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">1910</td><td> <b>M 3</b></td><td> K&ouml;rting (K.W. 1)</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 3600</td><td> 150</td><td> 30&frac12; (49)</td><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">1912</td><td> <b>M 4</b></td><td> Zeppelin</td><td></td><td> 22,000</td><td> 450</td><td> 47 (75)</td><td> <i>Building.</i></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<h4><b><i>Military Dirigible Pilots.</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Cajanek, V.<br />
+Grebenz, K.<br />
+Hauswirth, J.
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Heller, S.<br />
+Hofst&auml;tter, E.<br />
+Macher, M.
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Tauber, F.<br />
+Tepser, G.E. von.<br />
+Weiss, H.
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<h4><b>Private.</b></h4>
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN DIRIGIBLES - Private">
+<tr><th class="r">Date of commencement.</th><th>Name.</th><th>Make.</th><th>Type.</th><th>Capacity in m&sup3;.</th><th>H.P.</th><th>Speed m.p.h. (k.p.h.)</th><th>Remarks.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">1910</td><td><b>MANNSBARTH-STAGL</b></td><td>Mann-Sl.</td><td>n.r.</td><td>8200</td><td>300</td><td>40 (65)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">1912</td><td><b>BOEMCHER II</b></td><td>Boemcher II</td><td></td><td>2750</td><td></td><td>25 (40)</td><td></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>Two <i>Renners</i> and a <i>Boemcher I</i> have ceased to exist.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><i>Private Dirigible Pilots.</i></b></p>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Adrario, K.<br />
+Baumann, F.<br />
+Becker, T.<br />
+Berlepsch, F.F. von.<br />
+Cassinone, A.<br />
+F&uuml;rst, A.
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Hoffory, W.<br />
+Hinterstoisser, F.<br />
+Kaiser, K.<br />
+Mannsbarth, F.<br />
+Nowy, V.
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Richter, von. B.<br />
+Stagel, H.<br />
+Stratmann, W.<br />
+Wagner, E. von. F.<br />
+Zborowski, J.
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 23 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[Pg 23]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>BOEMCHER II.</i></b> (1912-13.) <b><i>Non-rigid.</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="ibox"><i>Building.</i></div>
+
+
+<p><b>Length</b>, ? feet (? m.) <b>diameter</b>, ? feet (? m.) <b>volume</b>, 77,000 c. feet (2,750 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bags.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>Motor.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;25 m.p.h. (40 k.p.h.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Propeller.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+
+
+<h4><b><i>LEBAUDY-JUILLOT 6=Military M II.</i></b> (1910.) <b><i>Semi-rigid.</i></b></h4>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_040.jpg" width="100%" alt="Lebaudy-Juillot 6" title="" />
+</div>
+
+
+<p><b>Length,</b> 229&frac34; feet (10 m.) <b>diameter,</b> 36 feet (11 m.) <b>volume,</b> 170,000 c. feet (4,800 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bags.</b>&mdash;Austro-American Rubber Co.</p>
+
+<p><b>Motor.</b>&mdash;100 h.p. Mercedes.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;27 m.p.h. (45 km.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;Two 2-bladed.</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;Built by the Austrian Daimler works to <i>Lebaudy-J.</i> designs. Sister to the Russian <i>Lebed</i>.<!-- Page 24 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[Pg 24]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>K&Ouml;RTING-WIMPASSING (K-WI). Non-rigid=Military. M III.</i></b>
+(1911.)</h4>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_041a.jpg" width="100%" alt="K&ouml;rting-Wimpassing (K-WI)" title="" />
+</div>
+
+
+<p><b>Maximum length</b>, 213&frac14; feet (65 m.) <b>maximum diameter,</b> 34&frac12; feet (10.50 m.) <b>volume,</b> 127,150 c. feet (3,600 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Total lift.</b>&mdash;    lbs. ( kgs.) <b>Useful lift,</b>    lbs. ( kgs.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bags.</b>&mdash;2 ballonets of 15,900 c. feet (450 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Motors.</b>&mdash;2 K&ouml;rting, of 75 h.p. each (= 150 h.p.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;30&frac12; m.p.h. (49 km.) Made on trials March, 1911.</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;Two 4-bladed. Diameter, 9&frac34; feet (3 m.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Steering.</b>&mdash;<i>Parseval</i> style. This ship is generally an adaptation of the <i>Parseval</i> type. Accommodates
+8 people. Completed 1911. Military airship.</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_041b.jpg" width="100%" alt="K&Ouml;rting-Wimpassing (K-WI)" title="" />
+<div class="center">Uniform Dirigible Scale.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>MANNSBARTH. Non-rigid</i></b> (1911).<br/>
+<i>(Alias <b>STAGL MANNSBARTH.</b>)</i></h4>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_041c.jpg" width="100%" alt="Mannsbarth" title="" />
+</div>
+
+
+<p><b>Maximum length,</b> ? feet (? m.) <b>maximum diameter,</b> ? feet (? m.) <b>volume,</b> 289,600 c. feet (8,200 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Total lift.</b>&mdash;   lbs. (   kgs.) <b>Useful lift,</b>   lbs. (   kgs.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bags.</b>&mdash;Divided into 4 compartments. Ballonet in each.</p>
+
+<p><b>Motors.</b>&mdash;2 of 150 h.p. each (= 300 h.p.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;40 m.p.h. (65 k.p.h.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;3. Diameter, 13 feet (4 m.) Also 1 helice.</p>
+
+<p><b>Steering.</b>&mdash;Helice used as elevator. Rudder aft. Forward and after ballonets also used as elevators,
+<i>Parseval</i> style. Completed 1911.</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;Built for Government, but not taken over.</p>
+<p><!-- Page 25 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[Pg 25]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>PARSEVAL P.L. 4. Non-rigid. = MILITARY M I.</i></b> (1909.)</h4>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_042.jpg" width="100%" alt="Parseval P.L. 4." title="" />
+</div>
+
+
+<p><b>Maximum length,</b> 164 feet (50 m.) <b>approx. diameter,</b> 28&frac14; feet (8.60 m.) <b>volume,</b> ? c. feet (2,300 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Total lift.</b>&mdash;5,730 lbs. (2,600 kgs.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bags.</b>&mdash;Rubbered fabric by Austrian American Rubber Co.</p>
+
+<p><b>Motor.</b>&mdash;70-100 h.p. Mercedes Daimler. 1,200 r.p.m. at 70 h.p.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;27 m.p.h. (45 km.) made on trials.</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;<i>Parseval</i> type, semi-rigid, chain driven, 3-bladed. Diameter, 11&frac12; feet (3.50 m.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Steering.</b>&mdash;<i>Parseval</i> system.</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;Built by the Austrian Motorluftschiff Gesellschaft to the <i>Parseval</i> type C design (see
+<span class="smcap">Germany</span>). Taken over by the Austro-Hungarian Army, December, 1909. Has flown 6&frac12; hours. Has
+risen to 1,150 metres and subsequently flown 1&frac12; hours. Carries 4 persons, <i>about</i> 400 lbs. (180 kgs.)
+ballast, and fuel for 12 hours. <i>Station</i>: Fischamend.</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 26 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[Pg 26]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h3><a name="BELGIAN" id="BELGIAN"></a>BELGIAN.</h3>
+
+<p class="center"><b>(Revised by M. BRACKE, Aeronautical Engineer &amp; Editor of "L'Aero M&eacute;canique.")</b></p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Societies:&mdash;</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Aero Club Belgique.</p>
+
+<p>Aero Club of Hainault.</p>
+
+<p>La Ligue Nationale Belgique.</p>
+
+<p>Delta Club (Kites).</p>
+
+<p>Ae. C. de Flanders.</p>
+
+<p>Ae. C. du Littoral.</p>
+
+<p>Ae. C. de Liege-Spa.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Journals:&mdash;</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><i>La Conqu&ecirc;te de l'Air.</i> (214 Rue Royale, Brussels) bimonthly, 5  francs p.a.</p>
+
+<p><i>L'Aero M&eacute;canique</i> (Brussels edition). Chemin de St. Denis, Casteau, Mons.,
+Belgium, 2.50 f.</p>
+
+<p><i>L'Aviation Industrielle et Commerciale</i> (monthly), Chemin de St. Denis,
+Casteau, Mons., 1.50 f.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Flying Grounds:&mdash;</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Berchem.</p>
+
+<p>Brasschaet (Military).</p>
+
+<p>Camp de Casteau. (Aviation Industrielle &amp; Commerciale).</p>
+
+<p>Etterbeek, near Brussels.</p>
+
+<p>Kiewit.</p>
+
+<p>St. Job (private property Baron de Caters.).</p></div><p><!-- Page 27 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[Pg 27]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h3><a name="BELGIAN_AEROPLANES" id="BELGIAN_AEROPLANES"></a>BELGIAN AEROPLANES.</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b>Military Aeroplanes.</b></h4>
+
+<p>At the end of 1912 the military air force consisted of three 50 h.p. Gnome <i>H. Farman</i> 1911 military,
+used for instructional purposes, and twenty-four 70 h.p. Gnome <i>H. Farmans</i> (model 1912 military), for
+war work:</p>
+
+<p>The military school is at Brasschaet, near Antwerp. Major Campion in command.</p>
+
+<p>The course is as follows:</p>
+
+<p>1. <i>Theoretical course.</i>&mdash;Lectures on meteorology, structure of aeroplanes, aviation motors, etc.</p>
+
+<p>2. <i>Practical.</i>&mdash;This, in addition to flight, consists of dismounting and replacing parts of aeroplanes
+and aerial motors, all general repairs, erecting hangars and aerial photography.</p>
+
+<p>The school possesses nine hangars, of which three are Bessonneau type, three wooden, and three
+metal.</p>
+
+<p>For 1913 the sum of &pound;20,000 is to be expended for purchase of aeroplanes and the establishment of
+aerial squadrons at Antwerp, Liege, and Brasschaet.</p>
+
+<p>These are organised into six squadrons of four units each. The full complement of each squadron is
+eight aviators, fifteen to 20 mechanics, etc., and six citizen soldiers.</p>
+
+<p>The question of hydro-avions for the Congo is under consideration.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>AVIATORS.</b></h4>
+
+<p>(The number against any name is, unless otherwise
+stated, the Ae. C. Belgique pilot certificate number.)</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>Military.</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Broune, Lieut. (37)<br />
+Cozic, R. (23)<br />
+Dhanis, Lieut. (35)<br />
+Heinter Poorten (47)
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Lebon, Lieut. (36)<br />
+Moulin, E. (45)<br />
+Movtens, Lieut. (19)<br />
+Nelis, Lieut, (in command) (28)
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Robert, V. (47)<br />
+Sarteel, Lieut. (26)<br />
+Sournoy, J. (46)<br />
+Tocy, Lieut.
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<h4><b><i>Private.</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Allard, E. (4)<br />
+Armand, C. (22)<br />
+Baugniet, Edmond (18)<br />
+Boel<br />
+Bracke, A.<br />
+Camille, Amand (22)<br />
+Christiaens, Joseph (7)<br />
+Crombez (25)<br />
+De Caters, Baron (1)<br />
+De Heel, Emile (24)<br />
+D'Hespel, Comte Joseph (15)<br />
+De la Hault, Adhemar<br />
+De Laet, E. (31)<br />
+De Laminne, Chev (9)<br />
+De Jonckeer (44)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Depireux, Isidore (20)<br />
+De Petrovsky, Alexandre (11)<br />
+De Ridder, Alphonse (13)<br />
+De Roy, W. (41)<br />
+Descommines<br />
+Deudeuner, A. (43)<br />
+Dolphyn (40)<br />
+Doneryos, J. (33)<br />
+Duray, A. (3)<br />
+Dutrieu, Mdlle. H. (27)<br />
+Fischer, Jules (12)<br />
+Frenay, Fernand (21)<br />
+Hanciau, P. (34)<br />
+Hanouilleo, P. (42)<br />
+Hasen<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Lamblotte, F. (29)<br />
+Lanser, Alfred (16)<br />
+Lescart, F. (30)<br />
+Mestagh, G. (39)<br />
+Michez, S.R. (32)<br />
+Olieslagers, Jan (5)<br />
+Olieslagers, Max<br />
+Orta, Jos&eacute;<br />
+Peeters<br />
+Pickard<br />
+Stellingwerff, J. (49)<br />
+Tyck, Jules (8)<br />
+Van den Born, Chas. (6)<br />
+Verschaeve, Fernand (17)<br />
+Verstraeten, L&eacute;on (14)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<p>The following Belgian
+aviators have been
+killed:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="bbox" style="width:10em; padding: 1em;">
+Kinet, Daniel (2)<br/>
+Kinet, Nicolas (10)<br/>
+Verrept, John (38)<br/>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 28 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[Pg 28]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>BEHUEGHE</i></b></h4>
+<p>(Bron), in Herseun. Built in 1912. A monoplane that flew very well at camp of
+Casteau Aerodrome during May&mdash;October. <b>Motor.</b>&mdash;25. h.p. type Morane. New designs in wing
+construction, landing chassis, etc.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>A. BRACKE</i></b></h4>
+<p>(formerly Bracke, Missyon &amp; Co.), Casteau, Mons. In 1910, constructed the first
+aeroplane built by a Belgium firm&mdash;a monoplane with planes at 120. This machine has not been
+duplicated: but the firm have since built machines to private specifications. The only firm which
+has in Belgium the speciality of aeronautical patents.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>DE BROUCKERE,</i></b></h4>
+<p>23 rue Joardens, Brussels. Biplane. H. Farman. type. Built in 1911,
+modified in 1912.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>DE LA HAULT</i></b></h4>
+<p>Adh&eacute;mar de la Hault, 214 rue Royale, Brussels. In 1906, built a flapper
+of novel design. This was followed in 1910, by a machine on monoplane lines with one fixed plane
+and two flapping wings. This failed to fly, and in August, 1911, was altered into a biplane. It did
+not succeed, however. M. Hault is still pursuing the ornithopter question.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>HAREL I. Biplane.</i></b></h4>
+<p><b>Length.</b>&mdash;49&frac14; feet (15 m.) <b>Surface.</b>&mdash;344&frac12; sq. feet (32 m&sup2;.)
+<b>Weight.</b>&mdash;771 lbs. (350 kgs.), flying order. Warping wings. Monoplane tail. <b>Motor.</b>&mdash;50 h.p.
+Gnome, mounted just under and forward of the upper wing. <b>Tractor.</b>&mdash;1 Chauviere. Elevator
+placed 1 in front and 1 in rear, <i>H. Farman</i> style. Rudders, 2 in rear. Completed May, 1911. For
+further details see <i>Conquete de l'Air</i>, July 1st, 1911. Property of M. Van der Stegen.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>WILLIAMS. Biplane.</i></b></h4>
+<p><b>Motor.</b>&mdash;70 h.p. E.N.V. Generally of headless <i>Voisin</i> type on a
+<i>Farman</i> body. Completed 1911. Has flown fairly well.<!-- Page 29 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[Pg 29]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<h3><a name="BELGIAN_DIRIGIBLES" id="BELGIAN_DIRIGIBLES"></a>BELGIAN DIRIGIBLES.</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>Military.</i></b></h4>
+
+<h5><b>1910.</b></h5>
+
+<p class="blockquot">1. <i><b>LA BELGIQUE II</b> (late <b>I</b>)</i> 4,000 m&sup3;.</p>
+
+<h5><b>1911.</b></h5>
+
+<p class="blockquot">2. <b><i>LA BELGIQUE III</i></b></p>
+
+<p><i>Note.</i>&mdash;<i>La Belgique I</i> was built in 1909 and re-built 1910.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>Private.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p class="blockquot"><b><i>VILLE DE BRUXELLES</i></b> 6,000 m&sup3;.</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 30 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[Pg 30]</a></span></p>
+<hr/>
+
+<h4><b><i>LA BELGIQUE II.</i></b> (No. 1 rebuilt.) <b><i>Military.</i></b></h4>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_047a.jpg" width="100%" alt="La Belgique II." title="" />
+</div>
+
+
+<p><b>Length,</b> 226 feet (64.8 m.) <b>maximum diameter,</b> 35 feet (10.75 m.) <b>capacity,</b> 141,300 cubic feet (4,000 m&sup3;.) <b>total lift,</b> 9,921 lbs. (4,500 kgs.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bag.</b>&mdash;Rubber proofed Continental fabric. Ballonet, filled by a separate motor giving 7.5 inches
+of water pressure. Warm air can be pumped in if required. Ballonet, 28,250 c. feet (800 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Motors.</b>&mdash;2, each of 60 h.p., Vivinus, 4-cylinder, 112&times;130.</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;1 in front of the car. 285 revolutions per minute. Wood construction.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;25 miles per hour. 40 km. per hour.</p>
+
+<p><b>Planes.</b>&mdash;Horizontal: a gas tube bent horizontally round the tail.
+Vertical: vertical fins on the tail, and a long vertical keel under the gas bag.</p>
+
+<p><b>Car.</b>&mdash;A girder, square in section, tapered at both ends. Built of tubular steel. Length, 82 feet (25 m.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Miscellaneous.</b>&mdash;Built by L. Godard, France, 1909. Crew, 3 men. Accommodation for 1 passenger.
+Fuel for 10 hours. Greatest height attainable, 3,280 feet (1,000 m.)</p>
+
+<p>
+<b>Table of weights.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Table of weights.">
+<tr><td>Gas bag, complete with ballonet, valves, planes,</td><td>lbs.</td><td>kgs.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>suspension, etc</td><td style="text-align:right">1,951</td><td style="text-align:right">885</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Propellers (2)</td><td style="text-align:right">275&frac12;</td><td style="text-align:right">125</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Blower</td><td style="text-align:right">33</td><td style="text-align:right">15</td></tr>
+<tr><td>3 h.p. motor for blower</td><td style="text-align:right">33</td><td style="text-align:right">15</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Motors (2) complete with gearing and shafting</td><td style="text-align:right">1,410</td><td style="text-align:right">640</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Car</td><td style="text-align:right">992</td><td style="text-align:right">450</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Fuel for 10 hours</td><td style="text-align:right">738&frac12;</td><td style="text-align:right">335</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Ballast</td><td style="text-align:right">826&frac34;</td><td style="text-align:right">375</td></tr>
+<tr><td>1 passenger (or ballast)</td><td style="text-align:right">154</td><td style="text-align:right">70</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Crew (3)</td><td style="text-align:right">463</td><td style="text-align:right">210</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Guide ropes, etc</td><td style="text-align:right">220</td><td style="text-align:right">100</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Miscellaneous</td><td style="text-align:right">88</td><td style="text-align:right">40</td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid black;"><i>About</i> 7,165</td><td style="text-align:right;border-top:1px solid black;">3,250</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;Reconstructed in the winter of 1909. There are two noteworthy innovations in
+connection with the ballonet. (1) The ballonet can be warmed by the motor. (2) In case of real
+emergency air can be pumped direct into the gas bag. Experiments of the utmost importance to all
+airships are in progress with a view to ridding the gas of this air cheaply and quickly.</p>
+
+
+
+<h4><b><i>LA BELGIQUE III. Military.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Presented 1910 to the Belgian Government by H.M. the King of the Belgians. 4,500 m&sup3;.
+Practically same as II, but has 3 propellers. <b>Motors.</b>&mdash;Two 100 h.p. Germain.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>VILLE DE BRUXELLES.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p><b><i>(Formerly known as LA FLANDRE.)</i></b></p>
+
+<p><b><i>(Astra type.)</i></b></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_047b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Ville De Bruxelles" title="" />
+</div>
+
+
+<p><b>Maximum length,</b> 256 feet (78 m.) <b>maximum diameter,</b> 41 feet (12.4 m.) <b>volume,</b> 212,000 c. feet (6,000 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Total lift.</b>&mdash;15,763 lbs. (7,150 kgs.)  <b>Useful lift,</b> ? lbs. ( ? kgs.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bags.</b>&mdash;Continental rubbered fabric, yellow. Ballonet, 16,146 c. feet (1,500 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Motors.</b>&mdash;2 Pipe motors of 100 h.p. each, placed in line with each other in the fore and aft line, and with
+clutches and the necessary gearing in between them.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;35 m.p.h.</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;3, namely: one at the fore end, driven by the two motors when coupled together, and two
+placed above and on either side of the centre of the car, for use when only one motor is running.
+Chauvi&egrave;re propellers.</p>
+
+<p><b>Steering.</b>&mdash;Vertical steering by means of a large double aeroplane fixed above the car, about a third from
+the front. Horizontal steering by means of a double vertical rudder above the rear end of the car.
+Stability is secured by the usual Astra pear shaped stabilising gas bags, with fins of rubbered cloth
+spread between the inner edges of these shapes.</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;The distinctive feature of this ship is the arrangement of the propellers. Both motors can
+be coupled either on to the front propeller or on to the two rear propellers, or on to all three together,
+but they are actually intended only to drive the front one. On stopping either motor the other is connected
+to the two rear propellers, which are designed for a slower speed of translation than the front one, with
+the result that the running motor does not find itself overloaded as it would if the same propeller had to
+serve both for one and for two motors.</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 31 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[Pg 31]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h3><a name="BRAZILIAN" id="BRAZILIAN"></a>BRAZILIAN.</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b>AVIATORS.</b></h4>
+
+<p>Garos, Queiroz, Robert, Henri, Santos-Dumont, Versepuiz.</p>
+
+
+<p>There are possibly one to two aeroplanes in Brazil, but the well-known
+aviators live in France. Little or nothing seems doing in Brazil
+as yet.</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 32 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[Pg 32]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<h3><a name="BRITISH" id="BRITISH"></a>BRITISH.</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Societies:&mdash;</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Royal Aero Club.</p>
+
+<p>Aerial League.</p>
+
+<p>Aeronautical Society. (Premier Society, founded 1866.)</p>
+
+<p>Brooklands Aero Club.</p></div>
+
+<p>There were once a great many local aero clubs, but the majority of
+these have ceased to exist and with one or two possible exceptions
+all the rest are moribund.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Journals, etc.:&mdash;</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><i>Aeronautical Journal.</i> Quarterly. 53, Victoria St., London, S.W.</p>
+
+<p><i>Aeronautics.</i> 3d. monthly. 27, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.</p>
+
+<p><i>The Aero.</i> 6d. monthly. 20, Tudor St., London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p><i>Flight.</i> 3d. every Saturday. 44, St. Martins Lane, London, W.C.
+(Official organ of the R. Ae. C.)</p>
+
+<p><i>The Aeroplane.</i> 1d. weekly, 166, Piccadilly, London.</p>
+
+<p><i>All the World's Aircraft.</i> 21/-. Annual. 100, Southwark Street,
+London, S.E. and 5, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.</p></div>
+
+<p>In addition, the <i>Car Illustrated</i> and the <i>Motor</i> devote considerable space to aerial matters.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Principal Flying Grounds:&mdash;</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><b>Aldershot.</b>&mdash;Army school.</p>
+
+<p><b>Brighton,</b> Shoreham Aerodrome. Aero school.</p>
+
+<p><b>Brooklands.</b>&mdash;Bristol school.</p>
+
+<p><b>Camber Sands,</b> Rye, Sussex.&mdash;At low tide moderately hard sand and soft places.
+Area two miles by one mile.</p>
+
+<p><b>Dagenham</b> (Aeronautical Society).</p>
+
+<p><b>Dartford Marsh.</b>&mdash;Vickers school.</p>
+
+<p><b>Dunstall Park,</b> Wolverhampton.</p>
+
+<p><b>Eastbourne.</b> Aerodrome School.</p>
+
+<p><b>Eastchurch,</b> Sheppey.&mdash;(R. Ae. C.) 350 acres. Sheds. Members only. R. Naval
+school.</p>
+
+<p><b>Filey.</b>&mdash;Blackburn school.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hendon.</b>&mdash;Grahame-White, Blackburn, Bleriot, Deperdussin, Temple and Ewen schools.</p>
+
+<p><b>Lanark.</b>&mdash;Deperdussin school.</p>
+
+<p><b>Liverpool</b> (Melly school).</p>
+
+<p><b>Llandudno &amp; North Wales.</b>&mdash;Aerodrome.</p>
+
+<p><b>Mapplin Sands,</b> Essex.&mdash;(Foulness). Very hard sand at low tide. Area ten miles
+by four miles. Property of War Office. Flying forbidden in winter.</p>
+
+<p><b>Salisbury Plain.</b>&mdash;Bristol school. Vast space available. Plenty of fairly smooth
+ground. Army school.</p>
+
+<p><b>Shoreham.</b>&mdash;(See Brighton).</p>
+
+<p><b>Upavon.</b> Central flying school (R. Flying Corps.)</p></div><p><!-- Page 33 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[Pg 33]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3>BRITISH MILITARY AVIATION.</h3>
+
+<h4><b>Royal Flying Corps.</b></h4>
+
+<p>In 1912 the Royal Flying Corps was instituted. It consists of two wings, navy and army, with a
+central flying school at Upavon, Salisbury Plain.</p>
+
+<p>The staff is as follows:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot">
+<i>Commandant</i>: Paine, Capt. G.M., M.V.O., R.N.<br />
+<i>Secretary</i>: Lidderdale, Asst. Paymaster J.H., R.N.<br />
+<i>Medical Officer</i>: Lithgow, Capt. E.G.R., R.A.M.C.<br />
+<i>Quarter-Master</i>: Kirby, Hon. Lieut. (Qr.-Mr.), V.C.<br />
+<i>Instructor in Theory and Construction</i>: Cook, Lieut.-Col. H. R., R.A.<br />
+<i>Instructor in Meteorology</i>: Dobson, G., Esq.<br />
+<i>Instructors in Flying</i>:<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Fulton, Capt. J. D. B., R.A.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Gerrard, Capt. E. L., R.M.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Shepherd, Lieut. P. A., R.N.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Trenchard, Mt. Maj. H. M., D.S.O., R. Sc. Fus.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Salmond, Capt. J. M., R. Lanc. R.</span><br />
+<i>Inspector of Engines:</i> Randall, Eng.-Lieut. C. R. J., R.N.<br />
+</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Royal Aircraft Factory.</b></h4>
+
+<p>This is situated at Farnborough. Mervyn O'Gorman is superintendent. There are large sheds.
+Some <i>B E</i> biplanes have been built here, but the principal object of the factory is understood to be
+repairs and maintenance.</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 34 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[Pg 34]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Naval Wing Royal Flying Corps, Aeroplane Section.</b></h4>
+
+<p>There is a special Air Department at the Admiralty with Captain M. F. Sueter, as Director,
+Commander O. Schwann and Lieut. C. L'Estrange-Malone, as Assistants, Eng. Lieut. G. W. S. Aldwell, as
+Eng. Inspector.</p>
+
+<p>Officers are graded Flying Officers, then Flight Commanders, thence to Squadron Commanders.</p>
+
+<p>The flying school is at Eastchurch, Sheppey. Commander Sampson, S.C., in command. There are at
+present four air stations: (1) Isle of Grain, (2) Calshot, (3) Harwich, (4) Yarmouth.</p>
+
+<p>At the end of March, 1913, the total number of aeroplanes including those on order, school machines,
+etc., was about 32; of which about 16 were effective for war purposes or available at short notice.</p>
+
+<p>These machines were as follows:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>
+<b>7 monoplanes</b> ( = 1 <i>Bleriot,</i> 2 <i>Deperdussin,</i> 1 <i>Etrich,</i> 1 <i>Nieuport,</i> 2 <i>Short</i>).<br />
+<b>15 biplanes</b> ( = 1 <i>Avro,</i> 2 <i>Bristol,</i> 1 <i>Breguet,</i> 1 <i>Caudron,</i> 2 <i>H. Farman,</i> 1 <i>M. Farman,</i> 5 <i>Short,</i> 2 <i>Sopwith</i>).<br />
+<b>10 hydro-avions</b> ( = 1 <i>Astra,</i> 1 <i>Avro,</i> 2 <i>Borel,</i> 1 <i>Donnet-Leveque,</i> 1 <i>H. Farman,</i> 1 <i>M. Farman,</i> 3 <i>Short</i>).<br />
+</p>
+
+<p>The <i>personnel</i> is as follows (number after names is the R. Ae. C. brevet number):&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h4><b>Squadron Commanders.</b></h4>
+
+<p>
+Gerrard, Capt. F. L., R. M. (76)<br />
+Gordon, Capt., R. M. (161)<br />
+Gregory, Lieut. (75)<br />
+L'Estrange-Malone, Lieut. C. (195)<br />
+Longmore, Lieut.<br />
+Sampson, Com. C. R. (71)<br />
+Shepherd, Lieut. P. A. (215)<br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h4><b>Flight Commanders.</b></h4>
+
+<p>
+Courtney, Lieut. I. T. (R. M.)<br />
+Grey, Lieut. Spencer (117)<br />
+Risk, Capt. C. E., R. M. (303)<br />
+Seddon, Lieut. J. W. (296)<br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<h4><b>Flying Officers.</b></h4>
+
+<p>Those marked * are under instruction, not yet graded.</p>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+*Agar, Lieut. A.W.S.<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Babington, Lieut. J.T. (408)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bigsworth, Lieut. A.W. (390)</span><br />
+*Bobbett, Boatswain H.C. (334)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bowhill, Lieut. F.W. (397)</span><br />
+*Brodribb, Lieut. F.G. (481)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Courtney, Lieut. I.T., R.M.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Courtney, Lieut. C.L. (328)</span><br />
+*Davies, Lieut. R.B. (90)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+*Edmonds, Lieut. G.H.K.<br />
+*Fawcett, Capt. H., R.M.<br />
+*Gaskell, Lieut. A.B.<br />
+*Hathorn, Lieut. G.H.V., R.M.<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hewlett, Sub. Lieut., F.E.J.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kennedy, Lieut. J.B.</span><br />
+*Maude, Lieut. C.E.<br />
+*Noyes, Asst. Paymaster, C.R.F.<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Oliver, Lieut. E.A. (425)</span><br />
+*Parker, Asst. Paymaster E.B. (415)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rathbone, Lieut., C.E., R.M.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Ross, Lieut. R.P. (422)</span><br />
+*Sitwell, Lieut. W.G.<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Travers, Lieut. J.L.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Vernon, Lieut. H.D. (404)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wildman-Lushington, Lt. G.V., R.M.A.</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<p>The following R.N. officers and men are aviators employed in various duties at the Admiralty, at the
+Central Flying School or at Eastchurch:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Aldwell, Eng. Lieut. G.W.S.<br />
+Andrews, J.C. (372)<br />
+Ashton, Ldg. Seaman<br />
+Batemad, Able Seaman P.E. (446)<br />
+Briggs, Eng. Lieut. E.F.<br />
+Brownridge, Carp.<br />
+Collins, Art. Eng. J.V.<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Cresswell, Lieut. T.S., R.M. (420)<br />
+Deakin, A. (333)<br />
+Gerrard, Capt., R.M. (76)<br />
+L'Estrange-Malone, Lieut. C. (195)<br />
+Lidderdale, Asst. Paymaster H.J. (402)<br />
+O'Connor, Art. Eng. T. (280)<br />
+Paine, Capt. G.M. (217)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Randall, Eng. Lieut. (81)<br />
+Schwann, Com. O. (203)<br />
+Scarff, Art. Eng. F.W.<br />
+Shaw, Shipwright D. (465)<br />
+Shepherd, Lieut. P. (288)<br />
+Susans, F. (380)<br />
+Wells, Staff. Surg. H.V.<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<p>The following have privately secured pilot certificates in the years mentioned but are not employed in
+the R.F.C. for aeroplane work. Some of them, however (D), are employed in the airship section:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h5><b>1911.</b></h5>
+
+<p>
+Bower, Lieut. J.A. (161)<br />
+Clark-Hall, Lieut. (127)<br />
+Leveson-Gower, Com.<br />
+Williamson, Lieut. (150)<br />
+Williamson, Lieut. H.A. (160)<br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h5><b>Naval. 1912.</b></h5>
+
+<p>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Blatherwick, Lieut. G. (450)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Brown, Com. A M.T. (345)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Edwards, Lieut. C.H.H.</span><br />
+D Freeman Williams, Lt. F.A.P.(202)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Head, Lieut, G.G.W. (191)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Hooper, Sub. Lt. C.W.W. (382)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Johnson, Capt. C.D.</span><br />
+D Masterman, Com. E.A.D. (Ae.C.F.)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Prickett, Lieut. C.B. (381)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Trewin, Asst. Paymaster (294)</span><br />
+D Usborne, Lieut. N.F. (449)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Wheeler, Mid. N.F. (370)</span><br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<p><b>Naval. 1913.</b></p>
+
+<p>
+D Boothby, Lieut. F.L.M. (Ae.C.F.)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Brady, B.J.W. (394)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Brown, Lieut. A.C.G. (398)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Dobie, Lieut. W.F.R. (448)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Fitzmaurice, Lieut. R. (447)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Freeman, S.T. (393)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Littleton, Sub. Lieut. H.A. (405)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Picton-Warlow, Lieut. W. (451)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Ross, Lieut. R.P. (422)</span><br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+<p><!-- Page 35 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[Pg 35]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Army Wing Royal Flying Corps, Aeroplane Section.</b></h4>
+
+<p>The Army wing has its headquarters at S. Farnborough, its constitution being as follows:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot">
+1st squadron (airships or kites) see Dirigible Section.<br />
+2nd squadron (aeroplanes) base at Montrose.<br />
+3rd squadron (aeroplanes) base at Salisbury Plain.<br />
+4th squadron (aeroplanes) base at S. Farnborough.<br />
+(Four more aeroplane squadrons <i>pro.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>An aeroplane squadron nominally consists of 18 aeroplanes (9 in service, 9 remounts). At the end of
+March, 1913, the total number of aeroplanes, including those on order, school machines, etc., was about
+110, of which about 50 (including some monoplanes not in use) were effective for war purposes or available
+at short notice.</p>
+
+<p>The total of 110 was thus made up:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>
+<b>22 monoplanes</b> (= 2 <i>Bleriot,</i> 4 <i>Bristol,</i> 5 <i>Deperdussin,</i> 4 <i>Howard-Flanders,</i> 1 <i>Martinsyde,</i> 6 <i>Nieuport</i>).<br />
+<b>86 biplanes</b> (= 4 <i>Avro,</i> 22 <i>B.E.</i> type,<a name="FNanchor_A_1" id="FNanchor_A_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_A_1" class="fnanchor">[A]</a> various makers), 2 <i>Breguet,</i> 2 <i>Caudrons,</i> 30 <i>Farman</i> (various types),<br />
+6 <i>Short</i>&mdash;and about 20 <i>Avro</i> or <i>Farman</i> or <i>Short</i> not delivered.<br />
+</p>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h4><b>Squadron Commanders.</b></h4>
+
+<p>
+Brooke-Popham, Capt. H.R.M. (108)<br />
+Burke, Capt, C.J. (46) (Ae.C.F. 260)<br />
+Carden, Lt. A. D. (239)<br />
+Cook, Lt.-Col. H. R. (42)<br />
+Fulton, Major J. D. B. (27)<br />
+Raleigh, Capt. G. H. (196)<br />
+Trenchard, Major H. M. (270)<br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h4><b>Flight Commanders.</b></h4>
+
+<p>
+Allen, Capt. C. R. W. (159)<br />
+Beor, Lt. B. R. W. (R.A.) (185)<br />
+Becke, Capt. J. H. W. (236)<br />
+Connor, Lt. D. G. (54)<br />
+Fox, Lt. A. G. (176)<br />
+Higgins, Major J. F. A. (R.A.) (264)<br />
+Longcroft, Lt. C. A. H. (192)<br />
+Reynolds, Lt. H. R. P. (R.E.)<br />
+Salmond, Capt. J. M.<br />
+Webb-Bowen, Capt. T. I. (242)<br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<h4 class="center"><b>Flying Officers.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Abercromby, 2nd Lt. R. O. (134)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Allen, Lt. D. L. (318)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Anderson, Lt. E. V. (247)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Atkinson, Lt. K. P. (267)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Barrington-Kennett, Lt. B. H. (Adjutant) (43)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Beatty, Capt. W. D. (89)</span><br />
+*Birch, Lt. W. C. K. (375)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Board, Capt. A. G. S. (36)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Boyle, Lt. the Hon. D. G.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Burchardt-Ashton, Lt. A. E.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Burroughs, Lt. J. E. G.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Carmichael, Lt. G. I. (316)</span><br />
+*Chinnery, Lt. E. F. (211)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cholmondeley, Lt. R. (271)</span><br />
+*Christie, Lt. A. (R.A.) (245)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Conran, Lt. E. L. (342)</span><br />
+*Corbalis, Lt. E. R. L.<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Darbyshire, Capt. C. (257)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Dawes, Lt. L. (228)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Dawes, Capt. G. W. P. (17)</span><br />
+*Gill, Lt. N. J. (174)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Glanville, Lt. H. F. (307)</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gould, 2nd Lt. C. G. S. (282)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Harvey, Lt. E. G.</span><br />
+*Harvey-Kelley, Lt. H. D.<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Herbert, Capt. P. L. W. (244)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Holt, Lt. A. V. (312)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hubbard, 2nd Lt. T. O. B. (202)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hynes, Lt. G. B. (R.A.) (40)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">James, Lt. B. T.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Joubert, de la F. Lt. P. B. (280)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lawrence, Lt. W.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">MacDonnell, Capt. H. C. (273)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">MacClean, Lt. A. C. H.</span><br />
+*Mapplebeck, Lt. G. W. C. (386)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Martyn, Lt. R. B.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mead, Sergt. J. (475)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mellor, Capt. C. (155)</span><br />
+*Mills, Lt. R. P. (377)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Moss, Bt.-Major L. B. (241)</span><br />
+*Musgrave, Capt. H. (R.E.)<br />
+*Mulcahy-Morgan, Lt. T. W.<br />
+*Noel, Lt. M. W. (416)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Pepper, Lt. J. W. (98)</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+*Picton-Warlow, Lt. W. (451)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Playfair, 2nd Lt. P. H. L. (283)</span><br />
+*Pretyman, Lt. G. F. (341)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Porter, Lt. G. T. (R.A.) (169)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Pryce, Hon. Lt. W. J. D. (Qr.-mr.)</span><br />
+*Read, Lt. A. M. (336)<br />
+*Rodwell, Lt. R. M.<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Roupell, 2nd Lt N. S. (237)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Shepherd, Capt. G. S. (215)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Soames, Lt. A. H. L.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Small, Lt. F. G. D. (429)</span><br />
+*Small, Lt. R. G. (343)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Smith-Barry, 2nd Lt. R. R. (161)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Stopford. Lt. G. B.</span><br />
+*Todd, Lt. E. (185)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Thompson, Lt. A. B.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Tucker, Capt. F. St. G.</span><br />
+*Vaughan, 2nd Lt. R. M.<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wadham, 2nd Lt. V. H. N. (243)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Waldron, Lt. F. F. (260)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wanklyn, Lt. F. A. (284)</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<h4 class="center"><b>Reserve.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Ashmore, Major E. B. (281)<br />
+Bell, 2nd Lt. C. G. (100)<br />
+De Havilland, 2nd Lt. G. (53)<br />
+Hartree. 2nd Lt. A. (214)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Henderson, Col. D. (118)<br />
+Marks, Lt. C. H. (83)<br />
+Pizey, 2nd Lt. C. P. (61)<br />
+Salmond, Capt. W. G. H.<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Smith, Lt. S. C. W.<br />
+Unwin, Lt. E. F.<br />
+Warter, 2nd Lt. H. de V. (107)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<h4 class="center"><b>Special Reserve.</b>
+(<i>2nd Lieuts. on probation.</i>)</h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Biard, H. C., de la F. (218)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Busteed, H. R. (194)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Charteris, R. L. (197)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cutler, H. D. (189)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Davies, E. K. (22)</span><br />
+*Fuller, E. N. (325)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Fuller, H. C. (Ae. C. F.)</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gibson. W. E. (129)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Hammond, J. J. (32)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Humphreys, G. N. (390)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lerwill, F. W. H.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Metford, L. S. (146)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Perry, E. W. C. (130)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rickards, G. B. (400)</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Sippe, S. V. (172)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Spratt, N. C. (339)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Ware, D. C.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Wilson, C. D. (Ae. C. F. 136)</span><br />
+*Wilson, C. W. (329)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Young, D. G. (207)</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<p>The following have qualified privately, R. Ae. C. brevets, but are not at present employed in the
+Aeroplane Section:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h5><b>1910.</b></h5>
+
+<p>
+Gibb, Lt. (10)<br />
+Snowden Smith, Lt. (29)<br />
+Watkins, Lt. H. E. (25)<br />
+Wood, Capt. H. F. (37)</p>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h5><b>1911.</b></h5>
+
+<p>
+Blacker, Lt. (12)<br />
+Cross, Lt. (151)<br />
+Dickson, Capt. (Ae. C. F. 260)<br />
+Harford, Lt. (152)<br />
+Harrison, Capt. (158)<br />
+Hoare, Capt. (126)<br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h5>&nbsp;</h5>
+<p>
+Hooper, Lt. (149)<br />
+Hutchinson, Capt. Steele (143)<br />
+Manisty, Lt. G. (135)<br />
+Pitcher, Capt. (125)<br />
+Sebag-Montefiore, Lt. (93)<br />
+Smeaton, Lt.-Col. (115)<br />
+Strover, Lt. E. J. (145)<br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<h5 class="center"><b>1912.</b></h5>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Agnew, Capt. C. H. (240)<br />
+Alston, Capt. R. C. W. (255)<br />
+Ashton, Lt. A. E. B. (201)<br />
+Bannerman, Major Sir A. (213)<br />
+Boger, Capt. R. (335)<br />
+Borton, Lt. A. E. (170)<br />
+Boyle, Capt. M. (241)<br />
+Brodigan, Lt. F. J. (200)<br />
+Broke-Smith, Capt. D. W. (204)<br />
+Bulkeley, Lt. H. T. (246)<br />
+Carfrae, Lt. G. T. (188)<br />
+Chamier, Capt. J. A. (340)<br />
+Cordner, Capt. R. H. L. (277)<br />
+Ellington, Capt. E. L. (305)<br />
+Empsom, Lt. J. (387)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Fielding, L. H. C. (212)<br />
+Fletcher, Lt. (229)<br />
+Hanlon, Lt. D. R. (311)<br />
+Jones, Lt. B. T. (230)<br />
+Lewis, Lt. D. (216)<br />
+Mackay, Lt. M. E. (177)<br />
+Mackworth, Lt. J. D. (209)<br />
+Martin-Barry, Lt. (Ae. C. F.)<br />
+McCudden, Capt. J. H. (269)<br />
+Miller, Capt. G. R. (313)<br />
+Murray, Lt. R. G. H. (320)<br />
+Nicholas, Capt. C. P. (266)<br />
+Penn-Gaskell, Lt. L. de C. (308)<br />
+Percival, Lt. D. (226)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Pollok, Lt. R. V. (379)<br />
+Powell, Capt. D. W. (389)<br />
+Price, Capt. C. L. (299)<br />
+Rawson, Lt. K. (249)<br />
+Reilly, Lt. H. L. (252)<br />
+Ridd, Corporal F. (227)<br />
+Roger, Capt. R. (335)<br />
+Stott, Capt. J. N. J. (373)<br />
+Styles, Lt. F. E. (338)<br />
+Thomas, Staff-Sergt. (276)<br />
+Trevenon, Lt. B. J. (230)<br />
+Weeding, Capt. (182)<br />
+Winfield-Smith, Lt. S. G. (187)<br />
+Worthington-Wilmer, Lt. F. M. (254)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<h5 class="center"><b>1913.</b></h5>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Archer, Lt. R. H. (434)<br />
+Bayly, Lt. C. G. G. (441)<br />
+Bruce, Sergt. W. R. (467)<br />
+Bourke, Lt. U. J. D. (479)<br />
+Cameron, Major N. J. (478)<br />
+Chidson, Lt. M. R. (471)<br />
+Crogan, Lt. F. J. L. (460)<br />
+Harrison, Lt.<br />
+Hawker, Lt. L. G. (435)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Hordern, Lt. L. C. (440)<br />
+Hosking, Lt. C. G. (472)<br />
+Hunter, Sergt.<br />
+Kemper, Sergt. K. (444)<br />
+Lee, Lt. C. F. (431)<br />
+Maclean, Lt. L. L. (427)<br />
+Marshall, Lt. R. (470)<br />
+McMullern, Lt. J. D. (436)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Merrick, Major G. C. (484)<br />
+Mitchell, Lt. W. G. S. (483)<br />
+Read, Lt. W. R. (463)<br />
+Rees, Lt. Col. W. B. (392)<br />
+Stafford, Sergt. W. G. (438)<br />
+Street, Sergt. E. J. (439)<br />
+Thomas, Sergt. Major<br />
+Vagg, Sergt. H. R. (443)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+<hr/>
+<p>The above figures are mainly taken from <i>The Aeroplane,</i> 1st May, 1913.</p>
+
+<p>* = under instruction; not yet graded.</p>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_A_1" id="Footnote_A_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_A_1"><span class="label">[A]</span></a> Twelve of these <i>B.E.</i> were held up pending some special steel wire strainers which had been specified.</p></div>
+<hr/>
+
+<p><!-- Page 36 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[Pg 36]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3>BRITISH AVIATORS&mdash;PRIVATE.<br/>
+PRIVATE AVIATORS.</h3>
+
+<p class="center">(The number against any name is, unless otherwise stated, the R. Ae. C. pilot certificate number).</p>
+
+<h5 class="center"><i>To end of</i> <b>1911.</b></h5>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Abbott, C. R. (101)<br />
+Aitken, A. H. (56)<br />
+Anderson, J. A. (164)<br />
+Archer, Ernest (Ae. C. F. 214)<br />
+Ballard, F. M. (151)<br />
+Barber, H. (30)<br />
+Barnes, G. A. (16)<br />
+Blackburn, H. (79)<br />
+Bowens, R. G. (39)<br />
+Boyle, Hon. Alan (13)<br />
+Bretherton, John (136)<br />
+Breton, J. (136)<br />
+Brown, H. B. (109)<br />
+Chataway, J. D. (167)<br />
+Challenger, G. H. (58)<br />
+Chambers, C. F. M. (168)<br />
+Cockburn, G. B. (5)<br />
+Cockerell, P. (132)<br />
+Cody, S. F. (9)<br />
+Conway-Jenkins, F. (74)<br />
+Crawshay, R. (133)<br />
+Colmore, G. C. (15)<br />
+Dacre, G. B. (162)<br />
+Darroch, G. R. S. (59)<br />
+Dolphin, W. H. (82)<br />
+Dunkinfield-Jones (138)<br />
+Ducroq, M. (23)<br />
+Dyott, G. M. (114)<br />
+Driver, E. F. (110)<br />
+Egerton, M. Hon. (11)<br />
+England, Gordon (68)<br />
+Esterre, C. R. (Ae. C. F. 259)<br />
+Ewen, W. H. (63)<br />
+Fleming, H. R. (69)<br />
+George, A. E. (19)<br />
+Graham-White, Claud (6) (Ae. C. F. 30)<br />
+Gresswell, C. H. (26)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Grey, W. H. de (107)<br />
+Halse, E. (131)<br />
+Hamel, Gustav (64) (Ae. C. F. 358)<br />
+Harding, Howard (Ae. C. F. 213)<br />
+Harrison, Eric (131)<br />
+Hewlett, Mrs. (122)<br />
+Higginbotham, Gerald (96)<br />
+Hilliard, W. M. (102)<br />
+Hubert, Charles (57)<br />
+Hotchkiss, E. (87)<br />
+Houdini, Harry<br />
+Hucks, B. G. (91)<br />
+Hunter, A. (137)<br />
+Johnston, St. Croix, P. G. (41)<br />
+Johnstone, W. Barnley (103)<br />
+Kemp, R. C. (80)<br />
+Keith-Davies, E.<br />
+King<br />
+Knight, Archibald (60)<br />
+Lawrence, W. (113)<br />
+Longstaffe, J. L. (140)<br />
+Loraine, Robert (Ae. C. F. 126)<br />
+Low, A. R. (34)<br />
+Macdonald, L. F. (28)<br />
+Maron, Louis (62)<br />
+Martin, J. V. Mrs. (55)<br />
+Macfie, R. (49)<br />
+McArdle, W. E. (Ae. C. F.)<br />
+M'Clean, F. K. (21)<br />
+Mellersh, O. S. (155)<br />
+Melly, H. G. (Ae. C. F.)<br />
+Moorhouse, W. B. R. (147)<br />
+Morrison, O. C. (46)<br />
+Moore-Brabazon, J. (1)<br />
+Noel, Louis (116)<br />
+Ogilvie, A. (7)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Pashley, Cecil L. (106)<br />
+Pashley, E. C. (139)<br />
+Paterson, C. E. (38)<br />
+Paul, E. A. (Ae. C. F.)<br />
+Percival, N. S. (111)<br />
+Petre, H. A. (128)<br />
+Philpott, R. W. (81)<br />
+Pixton, H. (50)<br />
+Prentice, W. R. (67)<br />
+Radley, J. (12)<br />
+Rawlinson, A. (3)<br />
+Raynham, F. P. (85)<br />
+Roe, A. V. (18)<br />
+Salmet, H. (99)<br />
+Sassoon, E. V. (52)<br />
+Santoni, L.<br />
+Singer, A. M. (8) (Ae. C. F. 24)<br />
+Slack, R. B. (157)<br />
+Smith, S. E. (33)<br />
+Smith, W. W. (Ae. C. F.)<br />
+Spencer, H. (124)<br />
+Somers-Somerset (Ae. C. F. 151)<br />
+Sopwith, T. (31)<br />
+Stanley-Adams, H. (97)<br />
+Stark (Ae. C. F. 110)<br />
+Stocks, Mrs. C. de B. (153)<br />
+Thomas, J. H. (51)<br />
+Travers, J. L. (86)<br />
+Turner, C. C. (70)<br />
+Turner, L. W. F. (66)<br />
+Valentine, J. (47)<br />
+Watt, W. O. (112)<br />
+Weir, J. D. (24)<br />
+Weston, John (Ae. C. F.)<br />
+Wickham, R. F. (20)<br />
+Woodward, G. A. T. (Ae. C. F.)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<h5 class="center"><i>To end of</i> <b>1912.</b></h5>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Barnwell, R. H. (278)<br />
+Beech, A. C. (Ae. C. F.)<br />
+Bendall, W. (180)<br />
+Bettington, A. V. (326)<br />
+Birch, E. (322)<br />
+Brock, W. L. (285)<br />
+Cheeseman, W. E. (293)<br />
+Featherstone, W. (384)<br />
+Fowler, F. H. (221)<br />
+Gates, R. T. (225)<br />
+Garne, T. (173)<br />
+Geere, A. E. (310)<br />
+Gill, R. W. R. (258)<br />
+Hall, H. W. (332)<br />
+Hall, J. L. (291)<br />
+Hardman, W. L. (323)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Harrison, W. J. (275)<br />
+Hawker, H. G. (297)<br />
+Hedley, W. S. (274)<br />
+Hewitt, V. (302)<br />
+Higginbotham, V. C. (317)<br />
+Holyoake, R. G. (268)<br />
+James, J. H. (315)<br />
+James, H. H. (344)<br />
+Kershaw, R. H. (248)<br />
+Lister, R. A. (250)<br />
+Nesham, H. P. (219)<br />
+Nevill, M. R. (223)<br />
+Manton, M. D. (231)<br />
+Meredith, C. W. (193)<br />
+Merriam, F. W. (179)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Parr, S. (184)<br />
+Payze, Arthur (337)<br />
+Potet, A. (224)<br />
+Prensiel, G. (198)<br />
+Simms, R. H. (261)<br />
+Stodart, Dr. D. E. (321)<br />
+Summerfield, S. (292)<br />
+Sutton, E. F. (295)<br />
+Sweetman-Powell, H. (251)<br />
+Taylor, V. P. (376)<br />
+Tremlett, L. A. (208)<br />
+Wood, V. G. (171)<br />
+Wynne, A. M. (314)<br />
+Wright, H. S. (331)<br />
+Yates, V. (306)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<h5 class="center"><b>1913</b> (Brevets from 400 onward).</h5>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Andreas, F. G. (477)<br />
+Barron, J. C. (480)<br />
+Hodgson, W. P. (433)<br />
+Kehrmann, J. C. (420)<br />
+King, R. A. (482)<br />
+Lane, H. T. G. (418)<br />
+Lawford, E. H. (442)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Macandrew, H. E. W. (401)<br />
+Macneill, W. (Ae. C. F.)<br />
+McNamara, J. C. (445)<br />
+Minchin, F. R. (419)<br />
+Muller, P. M. (432)<br />
+Temple, G. L. (424)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Thompson, A. B. A. (452)<br />
+Tower, H. C. (466)<br />
+Rainey, T. H. (474)<br />
+Russell, A. L. (406)<br />
+Stewart, H. (473)<br />
+Strain, L. H. (476)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<p>The following British
+aviators have been killed:</p>
+
+<div class="bbox" style="padding: 1em;">
+<div class="nlist">
+<h5><b>1910.</b></h5>
+Rolls, Hon. C. (2)
+
+<h5><b>1911.</b></h5>
+Benson, R.<br/>
+Cammell, Lieut. (45)<br/>
+Grace, Cecil (4)<br/>
+Napier (104)<br/>
+Oxley, H. (78)<br/>
+Ridge, T. (119)<br/>
+Smith, V.<a name="FNanchor_B_2" id="FNanchor_B_2"></a><a href="#Footnote_B_2" class="fnanchor">[B]</a><br/>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h5><b>1912.</b></h5>
+Allen, D. L. (183)<br/>
+Astley, J. H. D. (48)<br/>
+Bettington, Lt. C. A. (256)<br/>
+Campbell, Lindsay (220)<br/>
+Clark, Miss J.<br/>
+Fenwick, R. C. (35)<br/>
+Fisher, E. V. B. (77)<br/>
+Gilmour, Graham (Ae. C. F.)<br/>
+Hardwick, A.<br/>
+Hamilton, Capt. P. (194)<br/>
+Hotchkiss, Lieut.<br/>
+Loraine, Capt. (154)<br/>
+Petre, Edward (259)<br/>
+Parke, Lieut. W. (73)<br/>
+Wilson, St. Serg. (232)<br/>
+Wyness-Stuart, Lt. A.<br/>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h5><b>1913.</b></h5>
+Arthur, Lt. Desmond (233)<br/>
+Berne, Paym'st'r (R.N.)<br/>
+England, G. (301)<br/>
+Macdonald, L. F.<br/>
+Rogers-Harrison, Lieut. L. C. (205)<br/>
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear">&nbsp;</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_B_2" id="Footnote_B_2"></a><a href="#FNanchor_B_2"><span class="label">[B]</span></a> Killed in Russia.</p></div>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<p><!-- Page 37 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[Pg 37]</a></span></p>
+
+<h3><a name="BRITISH_AEROPLANES" id="BRITISH_AEROPLANES"></a>BRITISH AEROPLANES</h3>
+
+
+
+<h3>A</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>AIRCRAFT FACTORY.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Royal Aircraft Factory, Farnborough, near Aldershot. For a
+long time this establishment had been engaged in dirigible construction and repairs. In 1911 it was
+decided to expand it in connection with the Royal Flying Corps. Its precise functions are somewhat
+uncertain. Its nominal main purpose is the repair, etc., of Service Aircraft. During 1912, however,
+it turned out several machines to a design of its own, known as the <i>"B.E."</i> This design was at one
+time regarded as confidential; but subsequently duplicates were built by private contractors, and the
+design illustrated below, published by the Advisory Committee for Aeronautics.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_054.jpg" width="80%" alt="B.E. type. R.A.F. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="" />
+<div>B.E. type. R.A.F. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<p><b>Length,</b> 29&frac12; feet (9 m.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Span.</b>&mdash;36&frac34; feet (11.20 m.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Area.</b>&mdash;374 sq. feet (34&frac34; m&sup2;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Weight.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>Motor.</b>&mdash;75 h.p. Renault and others.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+
+
+<h4><b><i>AERO'S Ltd.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>St. James' Street, Norwich Union Buildings, Piccadilly, London, S.W.
+Established 1912 for the sale of all parts and accessories; also for the sale of second hand aeroplanes
+and motors of all makes. Does not construct at present.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURING Co., Ltd.</i></b></h4>
+<p>47, Victoria Street, London, S.W.
+Works: Hendon, London, N.W. This company established in 1912, holds all the British rights for
+the <i>H. &amp; M. Farman</i> types. It constructs in England all <i>Farman</i> types at its own works.
+(See <i>Farman</i>, <span class="smcap">French</span>).</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 38 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[Pg 38]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>AVRO. Aeroplanes.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>A. V. Roe &amp; Co., Clifton Street, Miles Platting, Manchester;
+also Shoreham, Sussex. A. V. Roe designed his first machine, a biplane, in 1906. It was the first
+British machine to leave the ground. He then experimented with triplanes in Lea Marshes, where he
+managed to fly with only 9 h.p. in 1908-9. In August, 1910, built <i>Roe III</i>, and in September, <i>Roe IV</i>,
+also triplanes (see 1911 edition for full details). In 1911 he abandoned triplanes for the <i>Avro</i> biplane.
+School: Shoreham.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_055a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Type D (1911). Photo, Alan H. Burgoyne, Esq., M.P." title="" />
+<div class="figright"><i>Photo, Alan H. Burgoyne, Esq., M.P.</i></div>
+<div class="figleft">Type D (1911).</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class='clear'></div>
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="AVRO">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2">Model.</th><th> <b>D 1911-12.</b><br/> 2-seater biplane.</th><th><b>E 1912.</b><br/> 2-seater biplane.</th><th> <b>F 1912.</b><br/> Totally enclosed mono.</th><th> <b>G 1912-13.</b><br/> Totally enclosed biplane.</th><th> <b>E 1912-13.</b><br/> Hydro-biplane.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td>31 (9.45)</td><td>29 (8.84)</td><td>23 (7)</td><td>29 (8.84)</td><td>33 (10)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 31 (9.45)</td><td>36 (11)</td><td>28 (8.50)</td><td>36 (11)</td><td>47&frac12; (14.50)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. ft. (m&sup2;.)</td><td> 279 (26)</td><td>335 (32)</td><td> 158 (14&frac12;)</td><td> 335 (32)</td><td>478 (34&frac12;)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">empty lbs. (kgs.)</td><td>800 (363)</td><td>900 (482)</td><td>550 (249)</td><td>1191 (540)</td><td>1740 (789)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">fully loaded, lbs. (kgs.)</td><td>...</td><td>1300 (589)</td><td>800 (363)</td><td>1700 (771)</td><td>2700 (1224)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td>35, any make</td><td>50 Gnome</td><td>40 Viale</td><td>60 Green</td><td>100 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">m.p.h. (km.)</td><td>48 (78)</td><td>61 (97)</td><td>65 (105)</td><td>61.8 (100)</td><td>55 (90)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td>several</td><td>6</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;Of the above, 4 of the 50 Gnome E type were purchased by the British Royal Flying Corps,
+and one by the Portuguese Government; the other went to Windermere on January, 1913, for hydro
+experiments. Climbing speed of this type is 440 feet per min. (134 m.) Dual control fitted. D type are
+no longer being built. Climbing speed of F type, 300 feet per min. (91.5 m.) Gliding angle, 1 in 6.
+G has a gliding angle 1 in 6.5. On October 24th, 1912, made British record to date, 7'31&frac12;" (=450 miles).
+The hydro. was delivered to the British R.F.C. naval wing early in 1913.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_055b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Avro. Type D (1911-12). Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="" />
+<div class="figright">Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+<div class="figleft"><span class="smcap">Avro.</span> Type D (1911-12).</div>
+</div>
+
+<p class="clear"><!-- Page 39 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[Pg 39]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_056a.jpg" width="100%" alt="E type Standard 50 h.p. Avro Biplane" title="" />
+<div class="smcap left">E type Standard 50 h.p. Avro Biplane.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="ibox">
+<div><i>No suitable photo available.</i></div>
+
+<div>The machine is on usual lines. The first had a single float, but now
+two floats are used.</div>
+</div>
+<div class="figcenter"><div class="smcap left">E type 100 h.p. Avro Hydro-biplane.</div></div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_056b.jpg" width="100%" alt="F type Enclosed Avro Mono." title="" />
+<div class="smcap left">F type Enclosed Avro Mono.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_056c.jpg" width="100%" alt="" title="" />
+<div class="smcap left">G type Enclosed Avro Biplane.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 40 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[Pg 40]</a></span></p>
+
+<h3>B</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>BLACKBURN Aeroplanes.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Blackburn Aeroplane Co., Balm Road, Leeds. Blackburn
+produced his first machine early in 1910 (see 1911 edition for details). In the latter part of that
+year he designed the machine which ultimately developed into the <i>Blackburn</i> military. In 1911 other
+types were produced, all being fitted with the patent Blackburn triple control. School at Filey
+Hucks has been the principal <i>Blackburn</i> flyer. The type has also been very successfully flown by
+naval officers. Capacity of works: about 24 a year.</p>
+
+<table border="0" class="box" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Blackburn">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"></th><th><b>1912-13.</b><br/> Military. 2-seater.</th><th><b>1912-13.</b><br/> Military. 1-seater.</th><th><b>1913.</b><br/> Hydro-biplane. 2-seater.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"></td><td> 32 feet (9.75 m.)</td><td> 25 feet (7.60 m.)</td><td> 33 feet (10 km.)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l"></td><td> 40 feet (12.20 m.)</td><td> 32 feet (9.75 m.)</td><td> 44 &amp; 36 ft. (13.40 &amp; 11 km.)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l"></td><td> 276 sq. ft. (26 m&sup2;.)</td><td> 195 sq. ft. (18 m&sup2;.)</td><td> 410 sq. ft. (38 m&sup2;.)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">(total)</td><td> ...</td><td> 750 lbs. (340 kgs.)</td><td> 1250 lbs. (507 kgs.)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td> ...</td><td> 50 Gnome.</td><td> 80 Gnome or 100 Anzani</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l"></td><td> 55-65 m. (90-105 km.)</td><td> 60 m. (97 km.)</td><td> 65 m. (105 km.)</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;Petrol for 5 hours (higher endurances can be fitted). Specially designed for military work&mdash;all
+steel construction. All parts unwelded to admit of rapid displacement. Clear observation provided for.</p>
+
+<p><b>Fuselage.</b>&mdash;The fuselage is <b>V</b> shaped and constructed of weldless steel tubing in the form of a lattice
+girder. The main longitudinals are of round section; cross members, oval section. Connections are
+not welded but made with strong steel clips so that should any member become damaged a new one
+can be readily arranged. The front portion is covered with sheet metal giving additional strength
+and reducing the head resistance. Stream line form tapering towards the rear which is covered with
+fabric.</p>
+
+<p><b>Chassis.</b>&mdash;Two long skids connected up to fuselage by metal struts. Each skid borne by a pair of wheels,
+axle held down by elastic shock absorbers. On the axle of the wheels are fitted steel springs which
+take side thrust. Each pair of wheels held by radius rods forming a bogie.</p>
+
+<p><b>Control.</b>&mdash;Patent Blackburn triple, independent or simultaneous on hand wheel, but special foot control
+for rudder is fitted if desired.</p>
+
+<p>In 1912, five machines were built, of which two were of the mil. model. Others, non-military models
+(see last edition.)</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_057.jpg" width="100%" alt="Military monoplane." title="" />
+<div class="left">Military monoplane.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 41 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[Pg 41]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_058a.jpg" width="80%" alt="BLACKBURN. Military Type. Two-seater. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="" />
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_058b.jpg" width="80%" alt="BLACKBURN. Naval Type." title="" />
+</div>
+
+
+<p><!-- Page 42 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[Pg 42]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>BRISTOL.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>The British &amp; Colonial Aeroplane Co., Ltd., Filton House, Bristol. Founded 1910.
+Capital (1913), ? Have very extensive works (area. ? sq. feet) on the outskirts of
+Bristol, employing over 300 men, where they manufacture to their own designs practically every type
+of flying machine. Flying grounds: Salisbury Plain, Brooklands. 105 Royal Aero Club certificates
+won on <i>Bristol</i> machines during 1912 (of which 86 were officers of His Majesty's Forces).</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Bristol">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"></th><th><b>Military mono.</b><br/> 2-seater 80hp<br/> <b>1912-13.</b></th><th> <b>Military mono.</b><br/>2-seater. 50h.p.<br/> <b>1912-12.</b></th><th><b>Tractor biplane<br/>1913.</b></th><th><b>School mono.</b><br/>Side by side.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 28&frac14; (8.60)</td><td> 23-2/3 (7.20)</td><td> 27&frac34; (8.47)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 42-1/3 (12.90)</td><td> 39-1/3 (12)</td><td> 34-1/3 (10.44)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m&sup2;.)</td><td> 221 (20.6)</td><td> 226 (22)</td><td> 370 (34.4)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Total</b></td><td class="l">machine, lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1719 (771)</td><td> 1323 (600)</td><td> 1764 (800)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>weight</b></td><td class="l">useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 710 (322)</td><td> 551 (250)</td><td> 1200 (544)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td> 80 Gnome</td><td> 50 Gnome</td><td> 70 Renault</td><td> 50 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 73 (118)</td><td> 62 (100)</td><td> 70 (112)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Endurance</b></td><td class="l">hrs.</td><td> 4</td><td> 3-4</td><td>...</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;<b>Monoplane:</b> Box section fuselage convex on bottom side to minimise resistance. Mounted
+on 2 wheels and 2 skids with smaller wheels attached at the forward end. Bristol tractor. <b>Biplane:</b> Box
+section fuselage, convex on top and bottom sides. Mounted as monoplane. Bristol tractor. This machine
+is the latest production of the Bristol Co., and has proved an exceptionally successful flyer. Designed by
+M. Coanda.</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 43 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[Pg 43]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_060a.jpg" width="80%" alt="80 h.p. monoplane." title="" />
+<span class="caption">80 h.p. monoplane.</span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_060b.jpg" width="80%" alt="70 h.p. biplane. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="" />
+<span class="caption">70 h.p. biplane. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 44 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[Pg 44]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>BLERIOT Aeronautics.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Belfast Chambers, 156, Regent Street, London, W. School:
+Hendon. British office of the <i>Bleriot</i> firm (see <span class="smcap">France</span>).</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>BRITISH BREGUET CO.,</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>1, Albemarle Street, Piccadilly, London, W. Works and
+offices: 5, Hythe Road, Cumberland Park, Willesden, London, N.W. Established 1912. Constructs
+in England <i>Breguet</i> models, some of which are beginning to vary in detail from the originals
+(see <span class="smcap">France</span>).</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>BRITISH CAUDRON.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>(See <i>Ewen</i>.)</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>BRITISH DEPERDUSSINS.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>British Deperdussin Aeroplane Co., Ltd., 39, Victoria
+Street, Westminster, London, S.W. School: Hendon.</p>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>Chairman: Admiral The Hon. Sir E. R. Freemantle, G.C.B., C.M.G.</p>
+<p>Managing Directors: Lieut. J. C. Porte, R.N., D. Laurence Santoni.</p>
+<p>Secretary: N. D. Thompson.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>This firm handles the French models of <i>Deperdussins</i>, but has in addition a special hydro-aeroplane
+of its own, of which one was built in 1912. Details of this special machine are:&mdash;<b>Length,</b> 27 feet
+10 inches (8.50 m.) <b>Span,</b> 42 feet (12.80 m.) <b>Area,</b> 290 sq. feet (27 m&sup2;.) <b>Weight,</b> total,
+1,800 lbs. (816 kg.); useful, 1,250 lbs. (566 kg.) <b>Motor,</b> 100 h.p. Anzani. <b>Speed,</b> 67 m.p.h.
+(110 k.m.) Other models sold by the firm are of French type exactly (see <span class="smcap">France</span>).</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>BRITISH DONNET-LEVEQUE.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Handled by Aeros, Ltd., 39, St. James' Street, Piccadilly,
+London, S.W. Company forming March, 1913 (see <span class="smcap">France</span>). Works and school at Shoreham.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>BRITISH FARMANS.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>(See <i>Aircraft Co.</i>)</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>BRITISH HANRIOTS.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Hewlett &amp; Blondeau, Omnia Works, Vardens Road, Clapham
+Junction, London, S.W. Construct all types of <i>Hanriot</i> machines (see <span class="smcap">France</span>), also build to private
+specifications, and deal in accessories generally.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>BRITISH NIEUPORTS.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Company forming 1913. Representative: M. Bonnier, 2,
+Goulders Green Crescent, London, N.W.</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 45 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[Pg 45]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3>C</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>CODY.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Cody flying school, Farnborough. Cody commenced experiments with kites in very early
+days on behalf of the British Admiralty. Subsequently built the first British Army dirigible, and an
+experimental Army aeroplane. In 1909, his direct connection with the Army ceased. A <i>Cody I</i> was
+built in 1908. A <i>Cody II</i> was completed June 1910. The <i>special features</i> of both were: very
+strong construction, great size (<i>II</i> had area of 857 sq. feet), ailerons. Later types, except that
+warping is substituted for ailerons, do not differ very materially except in minor details. All wood
+construction.</p>
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Cody">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"></th><th><b>1911.</b><br/>4-seater biplane.</th><th><b>1913.</b><br/>4-seater biplane.</th><th>Model. May, <b>1912.</b><br/> Monoplane.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 38 (11.60)</td><td> 38 (11.60)</td><td> 38 (11.60)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 43 (13)</td><td> 43 (13)</td><td> 43&frac12; (13.25)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m&sup2;.)</td><td> 484 (44&frac34;)</td><td> 483 (44&frac34;)</td><td> 260 (19)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1900 (862)</td><td> 1900 (862)</td><td> 2400 (1088)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1000 (453)</td><td> 1000 (453)</td><td> 700</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"></td><td> 60 Green, later a 100 Green</td><td> 120 Aust. Daimler</td><td> 120 Aust. Daimler</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">max m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 70 (115)</td><td> 75 (120)</td><td> 83 (135)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">min m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 47 (75)</td><td> 47 (75)</td><td> 58 (95)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built to end of last year</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;The 1911 is the famous <i>Cody</i>, which, as a 60 h.p., won both Michelin 1911 prizes, and
+completed the <i>Daily Mail</i> circuit. As a 100 h.p. it won the 1912 Michelin cross-country. By the end of
+1912 it is said to have flown a total of 7000 miles. The 1913 is practically a duplicate with a more
+powerful engine. <i>Special features</i> of the biplanes, maximum camber to lower plane. Both planes equal
+span. Very strong landing gear. Propeller chain driven: 1&frac34; to 1 gearing. In February, 1913, four
+biplanes were ordered for the British Army.</p>
+
+<p>Cody lists a mono. for 1913 a trifle longer than the above; also five variations on the biplane of from 35
+to 160 h.p., which can be built if required.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_062.jpg" width="100%" alt="Biplane." title="" />
+Biplane.
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 46 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[Pg 46]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>COVENTRY ORDNANCE.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>The Coventry Ordnance Works, Ltd., Coventry. London
+office: 28, Broadway, Westminster, S.W. Established 1912. Capacity: 50 machines a year without
+difficulty.</p>
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Coventry">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"></th><th> <b>1912.</b><br/> Model 10.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 29 (8.80)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 56 (17)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m&sup2;.)</td><td> 630 (58)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1900 (861)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 800 (362)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td> 100 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 60 (97)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td>...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Endurance</b></td><td class="l">hrs.</td><td>...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number Built during 1912</td><td> 2</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;Experimental machines.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_063.jpg" width="100%" alt="Coventry Ordnance" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 47 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[Pg 47]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>D</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>DUNNE.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>The Blair Atholl Aeroplane Syndicate, Ltd., 1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.
+School: Eastchurch. In 1906 Lieut. Dunne was employed by the British Army authorities for secret
+aeroplane experiments. He had at that time patented a monoplane of &lt; type. In 1907 <i>Dunne I</i> was
+tried on the Duke of Atholl's estate in Scotland, but failed to fly, being smashed on the starting
+apparatus. <i>Dunne III</i>, a glider, 1908, was experimented with successfully by Lieut. Gibbs. In the
+same year <i>Dunne IV</i>, a larger power driven edition made hops of 50 yards or so. Early in 1910 the
+War Office abandoned the experiments. <i>Dunne II</i>, a triplane of 1906 design, was, by consent of the
+War Office, assigned to Prof. Huntingdon, who made one or two short flights with it at Eastchurch
+in 1910. At the same time the above syndicate was formed, and <i>Dunne V</i>, built by Short Bros., was
+completed in June, 1910. In 1912-13 the Huntingdon, modified, was flying well.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_064a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Dunne" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Dunne">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2">Model and Date.</th><th>50 Gnome.<br/><b>1912-13</b><br/> single-seat<br/> mono.<br/><b>D 7.</b></th><th><b>1912-13</b><br/> 2-seater<br/> mono.<br/> <b>D 7</b> <i>bis.</i></th><th><b>1912-13</b><br/> biplane.<br/><b>D 8.</b></th><th><b>1912-13</b><br/> biplane.<br/><b>D 9.</b></th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> <i>not given</i></td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 35 (10.66)</td><td> 35 (10.66)</td><td> 46 (14)</td><td> 45 (13.70)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m&sup2;.)</td><td> 200 (18.5)</td><td> 200 (18.5)</td><td> 552 (51)</td><td> 448 (42)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td>1050 (476)</td><td> 1200 (544)</td><td> 1700 (771)</td><td> 1693 (768)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 359 (161)</td><td> 528 (239)</td><td> 414 (187)</td><td> 509 (231)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td> 50 Gnome</td><td> 70 Gnome</td><td> 60 Green</td><td> 80 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 60 (95)</td><td> 60 (95)</td><td> 45 (70)</td><td> 50 (80)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td><td> 5 b'lding ('13)</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;Biplane <i>D 3</i> is identical with the original pattern <i>Dunne V</i>, except that it has only one propeller
+instead of two. It has been flown completely uncontrolled in a 20 m.p.h. wind, carrying a R. Ae. C.
+observer as passenger.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_064b.jpg" width="80%" alt="DUNNE. Original Dunne biplane D5." title="" />
+<div>Original <i>Dunne</i> biplane <i>D5</i>.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 48 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[Pg 48]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3>E</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>EWEN.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>The W. H. Ewen Aviation Co., London Aerodrome: Hendon. Also works at Lanark,
+Scotland (opened February, 1913). Hold the British rights for and construct at their works <i>Caudron</i>
+aeroplanes (see <span class="smcap">France</span>).</p>
+
+
+
+<h3>F</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>FERGUSON.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>J. B. Ferguson, Ltd., Belfast.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_065.jpg" width="100%" alt="Ferguson" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>This machine first appeared in 1910. Owing to an accident to Mr. Ferguson it was laid up for a long
+time. About the end of 1912 it re-appeared. Principal details:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>Span.</b>&mdash;40 feet (12.20 m.) <b>Area.</b>&mdash;230 sq. feet (21 m&sup2;.) H.P. 40.</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 49 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[Pg 49]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3>G</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>GRAHAME-WHITE.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>The Grahame-White Aviation Co., Ltd., 166 Piccadilly, London, W.
+Works and Flying Ground: Hendon. Founded by C. Grahame-White, the well-known aviator, who
+in 1909 commenced operations with a school at Pau. Later this was removed to England, and a
+general agency for the sale of aeroplanes, etc., established. This developed, and early in 1911 the
+firm was handling a special British agency for the U.S. <i>Burgess</i> type known as "The Baby." The
+Hendon Aerodrome was acquired, and a factory established, which has grown continually ever since.
+In April, 1912, a monoplane to special design was completed. By the close of the same year biplanes
+of advanced design were constructed. Capacity of the works, March, 1913, was equal to 150 machines
+a year if necessary.</p>
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Grahame-White">
+<tr><th class="r" style="width:16%" colspan="2"></th><th style="width:16%"><b>1913.</b><br/> Military biplane.<br/>Type VI.<br/>2-seater.</th><th  style="width:16%"><b>1913.</b><br/> "Popular"<br/> biplane.<br/> Type VII.<br/> 1-seater.</th><th style="width:16%"><b>1913.</b><br/> "Popular"<br/>biplane.<br/> Type VII.<br/> 2-seater.</th><th style="width:16%"><b>1913.</b><br/> Tractor<br/>hydro-biplane.<br/> Type VIII.<br/> 2-seater.</th><th style="width:16%"><b>1913.</b><br/> Monoplane.<br/>Type IX. single-seat.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 33&frac14; (10.10)</td><td> 20-5/6 (6.40)</td><td> 26-5/6 (8.22)</td><td> 25 (7.60)</td><td> 21 (6.40)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 42 (12.80)</td><td> 29-1/6 (8.85)</td><td> 38 (11.60)</td><td> 42&frac12; (13)</td><td> 32 (9.75)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m&sup2;.)</td><td> 435 (40&frac12;)</td><td> 230 (21)</td><td> 475 (44)</td><td> 380 (35)</td><td> 208 (19)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 2200 (997)</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td> 850 (385)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 750 (340)</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> 450 (204)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"></td><td> 120 Aust. Daimler</td><td> 50 Gnome</td><td> 50 Gnome</td><td> 80 Gnome</td><td> 50 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">max. m.p.h (k.p.h.)</td><td> 70 (110)</td><td> 60 (95)</td><td> 50 (80)</td><td> 65 (105)</td><td> 65 (105)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">min. m.p.h (k.p.h.)</td><td> 55 (90)</td><td> 50 (80)</td><td> 40 (65)</td><td> 50 (80)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Endurance</b></td><td class="l">hrs.</td><td> 6</td><td> 4</td><td> 4</td><td> 4</td><td> 4</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 1</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 1</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2"></td>
+  <td style="text-align:left" class="bt">Also built with a 90 Aust. Daimler.  Designed to carry a gun on the bow. Very good view. Very strong landing carriage.</td>
+  <td style="text-align:left" class="bt"> Also built with a 35</td>
+  <td class="bt"> </td>
+  <td style="text-align:left" class="bt"> Also built with a 60</td>
+  <td style="text-align:left" class="bt"> Also built with a 35 Anzani.  Two main floats with 12&frac12; ft. track. Floats are 15 ft. long, 2 ft. wide, 1 ft. 3 in. deep.</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_066.jpg" width="100%" alt="Military Type VI. Uniform Aeroplane Scale; &quot;Popular&quot; biplane. Type VII. Uniform Aeroplane Scale; Hydro-biplane. Type VIII. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 50 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[Pg 50]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3>H</h3>
+
+<h4><b><i>HOWARD-FLANDERS.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>L. Howard-Flanders, Ltd., 31, Townsend Terrace, Richmond,
+Surrey. School: Brooklands. Established February, 1912, by Howard-Flanders, whose connection
+with aviation dates from the pioneer days. Richmond Works opened April, 1912. Capacity of the
+works at end of 1912 was sufficient to turn out from 25 to 35 machines a year.</p>
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Howard-Flanders">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"></th><th> <b>F 4 1912.</b><br/>2-seater<br/> military<br/> monoplane.</th><th> <b>B 2 1912.</b><br/>2-seater<br/> biplane.</th><th> <b>S 2 1913.</b><br/> single-seat<br/> monoplane.</th><th> <b>F 5 1913.</b><br/>2-seater<br/> monoplane.</th><th> <b>B 3 1913.</b><br/> 2-seater<br/> monoplane.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 31&frac12; (9.50)</td><td> 31&frac12; (9.50)</td><td> 28 (8.50)</td><td> 31 (9.45)</td><td> 31 (9.45)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 40 (12)</td><td> 40 (12)</td><td> 35 (10.70)</td><td> 39 (11.90)</td><td> 40 (12)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m&sup2;)</td><td> 240 (22)</td><td> 390 (36)</td><td> 190 (17&frac34;)</td><td> 250 (23)</td><td> 390 (36)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1850 (839)</td><td> 1500 (680)</td><td> 1180 (535)</td><td> 1600 (726)</td><td> 1650 (748)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 500 (227)</td><td> 450 (204)</td><td> 350 (159)</td><td> 600 (272)</td><td> 600 (272)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td> 70 Renault</td><td> 40 A.B.C.</td><td> 80 Gnome</td><td> 80 Gnome</td><td> 80 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">max m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 67 (108)</td><td> 56 (90)</td><td> 82 (132)</td><td> 70 (115)</td><td> 68 (110)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">min m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 41 (66)</td><td> 38 (61)</td><td> 45 (73)</td><td> 42 (68)</td><td> 40 (65)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 4</td><td> 1</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.&mdash;F 4</i> climbing speed 1000 feet (305 m.) in 3&frac12; minutes, 1500 in 5&frac12; mins., 2000 in 8 mins.
+<i>B 2</i> climbing speed 200 feet (61 m.) per minute.
+The four <i>F 4</i> type were bought by the British Army during 1912.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_067a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Monoplane." title="" />
+<div class="left">Monoplane.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_067b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Biplane." title="" />
+<div class="left">Biplane.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 51 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[Pg 51]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_068a.jpg" width="100%" alt="FLANDERS. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_068b.jpg" width="100%" alt="FLANDERS. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 52 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[Pg 52]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>HANDLEY-PAGE Monoplanes.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Handley Page, 72, Victoria Street, S.W. Works:
+110, Cricklewood Lane, N.W. Flying ground: Hendon. Established at the end of 1908. In June, 1909,
+it was turned into a Limited Liability Co. Since then it has been busily employed in producing its
+own machines, also others to inventor's specifications. About the end of 1911 the firm bought up and
+sold all the machines of the Aeronautical Syndicate&mdash;<i>Valkyrie</i> and <i>Viking</i> types. It is doubtful
+whether any of these V type still exist&mdash;in any case it does not matter. Four were presented to the
+R. Flying Corps. Of these one was smashed up, the others, one army and two navy, were used to
+teach mechanics to take down and re-assemble engines, etc. Handley-Page also bought up the
+<i>Radley-Moorhouse</i> machines (Bleriot copies), and disposed of them.</p>
+
+<p>The 1912-13 <i>Handley-Page</i> type is as follows&mdash;a development along regular lines of the original
+H.P. machine:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_069a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Handley-Page V." title="" />
+<div class="sm left">Handley-Page V.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Length,</b> 27&frac12; feet (8.40 m.) <b>span,</b> 42&frac12; feet (12.95 m.) <b>area,</b> 240 sq. feet. (22&frac14; m&sup2;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Weight.</b>&mdash;Total, 1300 lbs. (590 kgs.) Empty, 800 lbs. (363 kgs.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Motor.</b>&mdash;50 h.p. Gnome. <b>Speed.</b> 55 m.p.h. (90 km.)</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;The fixed tail area is 32 sq. feet. Body is entirely enclosed, stream line form. The passenger
+sits behind the pilot. Mounted on wheels and one long skid forward. Full description and details,
+<i>Flight</i>, 26th October, 1912.</p>
+
+<p>Principal pilots have been the late E. Petre (who made in it the only flight through London), the late
+Lieut. Parke, R.N., S. Pickles, and L. R. Whitehouse. The machine has been flown with two passengers,
+in addition to the pilot.</p>
+
+<p><b>Military work.</b>&mdash;During 1912 five biplanes of the <i>B.E.</i> type were ordered by the British War Office.
+Several monoplanes were ordered by foreign governments.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_069b.jpg" width="100%" alt="HANDLEY PAGE. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="" />
+<div class="caption">Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 53 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[Pg 53]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3>L</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>LAKE FLYING Co.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Windermere. Established 1911, by E. W. Wakefield, with a view to
+hydro-aeroplane experiments. The first machine was a <i>Curtiss</i> type built by A. V. Roe, which flew
+in November, 1911. In 1912, a special biplane generally of <i>Farman</i> type but with more camber to
+the planes, was built.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_070a.jpg" width="100%" alt="WATER HEN." title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Length.</b>&mdash;36&frac12; feet (11 m.) <b>Span.</b>&mdash;42 feet (12.80 m.) <b>Area.</b>&mdash;270 sq. feet (25 m.&sup2;) <b>Motor.</b>&mdash;Gnome.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;45.33 m.p.h. (72.54 k.p.h.)</p>
+
+<p>The single float is 6 feet wide, flexibly connected. Balancers mounted on a spring board. Water
+rudders for steering at slow speed. Fuller details see <i>Flight</i>, December 7th, 1912. Early in 1913, an <i>Avro</i>
+was purchased for further experiments.</p>
+
+
+
+<h3>M</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>MARTINSYDE.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Messrs. Martin &amp; Handasyde, Brooklands, Weybridge, Surrey. Output
+capacity: about 20 per annum.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="MARTINSYDE">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2">Model and date.</th><th><b>1912.</b><br/>Mono. 2-seater.</th><th><b>1913.</b> <br/>Mono. 2-seater.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'>feet. (m.)</td><td class='r'> 35&frac12; (10.75)</td><td class='r'> 35 (10.65)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'>feet. (m.)</td><td class='r'> 42&frac12; (12.95)</td><td class='r'> 42&frac34; (13)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'>sq. feet (m&sup2;.)</td><td class='r'> 290 (27)</td><td class='r'> 285 (26&frac12;)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'>total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td>...</td><td> 1212 (550)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'>useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td>...</td><td class='r'> 551 (250)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'>h.p.</td><td class='r'> 65 Antoinette</td><td class='r'> 80 Laviator</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'>max m.p.h. (km.)</td><td class='r'> 63 (102)</td><td class='r'> 78 (125)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'>min m.p.h. (km.)</td><td>...</td><td>...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> ...</td><td>...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;Wood construction. Landing: wheels and one skid. <i>Controls</i>: warping wings and rear
+elevator. Triangular body. The two models are very nearly identical.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_070b.jpg" width="100%" alt="MARTIN-HANDASYDE. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="" />
+<span class="center">Uniform Aeroplane Scale</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 54 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[Pg 54]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>P</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>PIGGOTT.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Piggott Bros. &amp; Co., Ltd., 220, 222 &amp; 224, Bishopsgate, London, E.C. This well-known
+firm of shed makers built a novel biplane in May, 1910 (details <i>Flight</i>, May 21st, 1910), and in
+1911 a monoplane with enclosed body (<i>Flight</i>, April 1st, 1911). In 1912, both were disposed of, and
+the firm is not proceeding with its experiments. It has, however, a staff of skilled mechanics and a
+great deal of floor space for the construction of aeroplanes to specifications.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>PLANES.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Planes, Ltd., 6, Lord Street, Liverpool. Works: Duke Street &amp; Cleveland Street,
+Birkenhead. Not building at present. In October, 1910, the firm produced a biplane, designed by
+W. P. Thompson, fitted with a special pendulum stabilising device. This was followed a year or so
+later by a monoplane.</p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>R</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>RADLEY-ENGLAND.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>This is not an aeroplane firm, but a special hydro built by two
+well-known aviators for the <i>Daily Mail</i> competition. <b>Length,</b> 22 feet. <b>Span,</b> 50 feet. 2 floats,
+15 feet long by 1 foot 5 inches wide. Pilot in starboard float. <b>Weight,</b> with petrol for 12 hours,
+1,380 lbs. <b>Motor,</b> 150 h.p., made up of 3&mdash;50 h.p. Gnomes, but two Greens to be fitted for competition.
+One 4-bladed propeller in rear. <b>Speed,</b> 60 m.p.h., with 100 h.p.</p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>S</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>SANDERS.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>This firm appears to have ceased to exist.<!-- Page 55 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[Pg 55]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>SHORT BROS.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Works and flying grounds: Eastchurch, Isle of Sheppey, Kent. London office: Queen's Circus, Battersea Park. Took up construction at a very early date. <i>Wright</i> agents in 1909. Have
+built numerous biplanes and monoplanes to specifications. Produced their own first machine (see 1911 edition) in 1910.</p>
+
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="SHORT BROS.">
+<tr><th class="r" rowspan="2" colspan="2"></th><th colspan="3"><b>S 41. 1913. Hydro Biplane.</b></th><th colspan="3"> <b>S 45. 1913. Military Tractor Biplane.</b></th><th colspan="2"> <b>S 38. 1913. Military Nacelle Biplane.</b></th><th colspan="2"> <b>S 34. Standard School.</b></th><th rowspan="2"> <b>1911-12.</b><br/>1-seater, mono.</th><th rowspan="2"> <b>1911-12.</b><br/>Tandem tractor biplane.</th></tr>
+<tr><th>80 h.p. 2-seater.</th><th> 100 h.p. 2-seater.</th><th> 160 h.p. 4-seater.</th><th> 70 h.p. 2-seater.</th><th> 80 h.p. 2-seater.</th><th> 160 h.p. 4-seater.</th><th> 50 h.p. 2-seater.</th><th> 80 h.p. 3-seater.</th><th> 50 h.p. 2-seater.</th><th> 70 h.p. 2-seater.</th></tr>
+
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 35 (10.67)</td><td> 39 (11.90)</td><td> 45 (13.70)</td><td> 35-1/2 (10.80)</td><td> 35-1/2 (10.80)</td><td> 40 (13.70)</td><td> 35-1/2 (10.80)</td><td> 35-1/2 (10.80)</td><td> 42 (12.85)</td><td> 42 (12.85)</td><td> 25 (7.60)</td><td> 35-1/2 (10.80)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 40 (13.70)</td><td> 50 (15.25)</td><td> 50 (15.25)</td><td> 42 (12.90)</td><td> 45 (13.70)</td><td> 50 (15.25)</td><td> 52 (15.85)</td><td> 52 (15.85)</td><td> 46-1/2 (14.20)</td><td> 46-1/2 (14.20)</td><td> 29-1/2 (9)</td><td> 42 (12.90)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 390 (36)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 186 (17)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">Machine lbs. (kg.)</td><td> 1200 (545)</td><td> 1700 (764)</td><td> 2000 (909)</td><td>1080 (490)</td><td> 1100 (500)</td><td> 1890 (860)</td><td> 950 (432)</td><td> 1050 (480)</td><td> 1100 (500)</td><td> 1150 (523)</td><td> ...</td><td> 850 (385)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">Useful lbs. (kg.)</td><td> 771 (350)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td> 80 Gnome</td><td> 100 Gnome</td><td> 160 Gnome</td><td> 70 Gnome</td><td> 80 Gnome</td><td> 160 Gnome</td><td> 50 Gnome</td><td> 80 Gnome</td><td> 50 Gnome</td><td> 70 Gnome</td><td> 50 Gnome.</td><td> 70 Gnome.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">max (m.p.h.)</td><td> 65 (105)</td><td> 60 (97)</td><td> 74 (120)</td><td> 60 (97)</td><td> 70 (113)</td><td> 74 (120)</td><td> 42 (68)</td><td> 58 (94)</td><td> 39 (63)</td><td> 48 (78)</td><td> ...</td><td> 58 (94)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">min (m.p.h.)</td><td> 50 (80)</td><td> 50 (80)</td><td> 56 (90)</td><td> 50 (80)</td><td> 50 (80)</td><td> 56 (90)</td><td> 35 (57)</td><td> 39 (63)</td><td> 34 (55)</td><td> 38 (61)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Endurance</b></td><td class="l">hrs.</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td><td> 6</td><td> 5</td><td> 5</td><td> 6</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td><td> 5</td><td> 5</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r bt" colspan="5"><i>Remarks.</i>--Floats are two long pontoons. Subsidiary floats at tips of
+lower plane. Small tail float with water rudder. W.-t. compartments
+to floats. Tandem seated, pilot in front. The observer's seat can accommodate two if necessary.</td>
+<td class='bt' colspan="3">Tandem seats, pilot in front. Fittings for maps, etc.</td>
+<td class='bt' colspan="2">Specially designed for reconnaissance. Tandem seats, pilot in front. An extra passenger can be accommodated.</td>
+<td class='bt' colspan="2">Solely designed for school work. Seats side by side.</td>
+<td class='bt' colspan="2">No longer built, but still in existence.</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_072a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Old 1911-12 Tractor biplane." title="" />
+<div class="left">Old 1911-12 Tractor biplane.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_072b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Old 1911-12 mono." title="" />
+<div class="left">Old 1911-12 mono.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 56 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[Pg 56]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_073a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Short. Hydro. &quot;Short&quot; Hydro-Aeroplane type s 41. 100 FP TRACTOR BI-PLANE Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="" />
+<div class="center">Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Short.</span> Hydro.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_073b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Short. S. 45 type." title="" />
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Short.</span> S. 45 type.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_073c.jpg" width="100%" alt="Short. S. 38 military." title="" />
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Short.</span> S. 38 military.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_073d.jpg" width="100%" alt="Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="" />
+<div class="center">Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 57 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[Pg 57]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>SOPWITH.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Sopwith Aviation Co. Works: Canbury Park Road, Kingston-on-Thames. School:
+at Brooklands. Established by T. O. M. Sopwith, the well known aviator at Brooklands, Autumn of
+1911, where during 1912, a 70 h.p. tractor biplane and a 40 h.p. biplane was turned out.</p>
+
+<p>Floor area of the Kingston works in March, 1913, was 30,000 sq. feet with electric power plant.
+Works manager: F. Sigrist. General manager: R. O. Cary. Output capacity: at full pressure
+about 50 machines a year.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Sopwith">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2" style="text-align:center; vertical-align: middle">Model and Date.</th>
+<th><b>1913.</b><br/>Bat boat hydro biplane.</th>
+<th><b>1913.</b><br/>Tractor biplane 3-seater.</th>
+<th><b>1913.</b><br/>School biplane.</th>
+<th><b>1913.</b><br/>Armoured warplane.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'>feet (m.)</td><td> 30-1/3 (9.20)</td><td> 29 (8.85)</td><td> 29 (8.85)</td><td> 29' 7-1/2" (9)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'>feet (m.)</td><td> 41 (12.50)</td><td> 40 (12.20)</td><td> 40 (12.20)</td><td> 50 (15.25)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'>sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 422 (39)</td><td> 365 (34)</td><td> 400 (37)</td><td> 552 (51)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'>total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1700 (771)</td><td> 1750 (794)</td><td> 1200 (544)</td><td> 2000 (907)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'>useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 500 (227)</td><td> 750 (340)</td><td> 400 (181)</td><td> 800 (362)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'>h.p.</td><td> 90 Austro-Daimler</td><td> 80 Gnome</td><td> 50 Gnome</td><td> 90 Austro-Daimler</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'>max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 65 (105)</td><td> 74 (125)</td><td> 48 (78)</td><td> 65 (105)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'>min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 42 (68)</td><td> 40 (65)</td><td> 35 (60)</td><td> 38 (61)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Endurance</b></td><td class='l'>hrs.</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;Wood construction. Carriage wheels and skids. <i>Control:</i> balanced ailerons.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_074a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Sopwith. Flying boat." title="" />
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Sopwith.</span> Flying boat.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_074b.jpg" width="100%" alt="1913. Tractor biplane." title="" />
+<div class="left">1913. Tractor biplane.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 58 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">[Pg 58]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>V</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>VICKERS.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Vickers, Ltd., Vickers House, Broadway, Westminster. School: Brooklands.
+Seven pupils qualified during 1912.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Vickers">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"> Model and date.</th><th> Monoplane.<br/> <b>1912-13.</b> 2-seater.</th><th> Military biplane.<br/> <b>1913.</b></th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 25 (7.60)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 34-1/2 (10.50)</td><td> 40 (12.20)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 220 (20)</td><td> 385 (35)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> {total, lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 730 (331)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> {useful, lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> 80 Gnome</td><td> 80 Wolseley</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 70 (115)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Endurance</b></td><td class='l'> hrs.</td><td> 3</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;Steel construction. Landing shock absorbing: 2 wheels and 1 skid. Rectangular enclosed
+body. <i>Controls</i>: warping and rear elevator.</p>
+
+<p><b>Monoplane</b> climbs 300 feet a minute fully loaded.</p>
+
+<p><b>Biplane</b> is armed with a Vickers R.C. automatic gun in the bow.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_075a.jpg" width="100%" alt="VICKERS. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="VICKERS" />
+<div class="left">VICKERS. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_075b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Vickers. Monoplane." title="Vickers"/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Vickers</span>. Monoplane.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="ibox">
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><div class="left"><span class="smcap">Vickers</span>. Armed biplane.</div>
+<!-- Page 59 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[Pg 59]</a></span>
+</div>
+
+
+<h3><b>W</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>WHITE.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>J. Samuel White &amp; Co., Ltd., shipbuilders and engineers, East Cowes, Isle of Wight.
+London office: 28, Victoria Street, S.W. This well-known firm of torpedo craft builders, etc.,
+formally opened an aviation department on 1st January, 1913, with Howard T. Wright as general
+manager and designer.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="White. 1913. Navy 'plane.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th> <b>1913.</b><br/> Navy 'plane.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'>feet (m.)</td><td> 30 (9.15)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'>feet (m.)</td><td> 44 (13.40)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'>sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 500 (46-1/2)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'>total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 2000 (907)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'>useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 650 (295)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'>h.p.</td><td> 160 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'>max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 70 (115)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'>min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 35 (57)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;Hydro-biplane, with Howard T. Wright patent aeroplanes to give wide range of speed. Two
+patent hydro floats, 21 feet (m.) long, three steps on each.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_075b.jpg" width="100%" alt="White" title="White"/>
+<div class="center">Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 60 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_60" id="Page_60">[Pg 60]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="BRITISH_DIRIGIBLES" id="BRITISH_DIRIGIBLES"></a><b>BRITISH DIRIGIBLES.</b></h2>
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="British Dirigibles.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th colspan="3"><b>Navy.</b></th><th colspan="2"><b>Army.</b></th></tr>
+<tr>
+  <th class='r' colspan="2">Name and date.</th>
+  <th><b>II Willows 3. 1911.</b></th>
+  <th><b>III Astra Torres 2. 1913.</b></th>
+  <th><b>IV Parseval 18. 1913.</b></th>
+
+  <th><b>II BETA. 1909 (1910.)</b></th>
+  <th><b>III, &amp; IV &amp;<br/> V GAMMA, DELTA, EPSILON.<br/> 1910, 1912, 1913.</b></th>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td class='r'><b>Volume</b></td>
+  <td class='l'>c.&nbsp;feet&nbsp;(m&sup3;.)</td>
+
+  <td>31,800   (900) </td>
+  <td>222,500   (6,500)</td>
+  <td>311,000     (8,800) </td>
+
+  <td>21,000     (594) </td>
+  <td>70,600      (2,000)</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td class='r'><b>Length</b> </td>
+  <td class='l'>feet (m.)</td>
+
+  <td>120 (36.50)</td>
+  <td>...</td>
+  <td>276        (84) </td>
+
+  <td>104   (31.70) </td>
+  <td>152         (46)</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td class='r'><b>Diameter</b> </td>
+  <td class='l'>feet (m.)</td>
+
+  <td>40 (12.20) </td>
+  <td>...</td>
+  <td>49&frac14;        (15)</td>
+
+  <td>25    (7.60) </td>
+  <td>30       (9.10)</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td class='r'><b>Gasbags</b> </td>
+  <td class='l'>fabric</td>
+
+  <td>Spencer</td>
+  <td>Continental</td>
+  <td>Metzler</td>
+
+  <td>Gold beater skin</td>
+  <td>Continental</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td class='r'></td>
+  <td class='l'>compartments</td>
+
+  <td><i>nil</i> </td>
+  <td>3</td>
+  <td><i>nil</i> </td>
+
+  <td><i>nil</i> </td>
+  <td><i>nil</i> </td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td class='r'></td>
+  <td class='l'>ballonets</td>
+
+  <td>1</td>
+  <td>1</td>
+  <td>2</td>
+
+  <td>1</td>
+  <td>2</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td class='r'><b>Lift</b></td>
+  <td class='l'>total tons</td>
+
+  <td><i>about &frac12;</i></td>
+  <td><i>about 7</i></td>
+  <td><i>about 10</i></td>
+
+  <td><i>about</i> &frac34;</td>
+  <td>2 &#8533;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td class='r'></td>
+  <td class='l'>useful, tons</td>
+
+  <td>...</td>
+  <td>...</td>
+  <td>...</td>
+
+  <td>...</td>
+  <td>...</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td class='r'><b>Motors</b> </td>
+  <td class='l'>h.p.</td>
+
+  <td>30 (=30) </td>
+  <td>2&mdash;120 Chenu (=240)</td>
+  <td>2&mdash;180 Maybach (=360) </td>
+
+  <td>1&mdash;30 Green (=30)</td>
+  <td>2&mdash;50 Green (=100)</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td class='r'><b>Propellers</b> </td>
+  <td class='l'>number</td>
+
+  <td>2 (swivel)</td>
+  <td>2</td>
+  <td>2 (s.r.) steel</td>
+
+  <td>1</td>
+  <td>2 (swivel)</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td class='r'></td>
+  <td class='l'>blades</td>
+
+  <td>2</td>
+  <td>2</td>
+  <td>4</td>
+
+  <td>2</td>
+  <td>2</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td class='r'></td>
+  <td class='l'>diameter feet (m.)</td>
+
+  <td>...</td>
+  <td>...</td>
+  <td>...</td>
+
+  <td>...</td>
+  <td>...</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td class='r'><b>Speed</b>  </td>
+  <td class='l'>max. m.p.h. (km.)</td>
+
+  <td>...</td>
+  <td>38        (63) </td>
+  <td>42        (68) </td>
+
+  <td>18     (29) </td>
+  <td>28         (45)</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td class='r'><b>Endurance</b></td>
+  <td class='l'>full speed</td>
+
+  <td>...</td>
+  <td>...</td>
+  <td>...</td>
+
+  <td>...</td>
+  <td>4 hours</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td class='r'><b>Max. complement</b></td>
+  <td class='l'></td>
+
+  <td>2</td>
+  <td>15-18</td>
+  <td>10-12</td>
+
+  <td>3</td>
+  <td>5</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+  <td class='r'><b>Station</b> </td>
+  <td class='l'></td>
+
+  <td>Farnborough</td>
+  <td>...</td>
+  <td>...</td>
+
+  <td>Farnborough</td>
+  <td>Farnborough</td>
+</tr>
+
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;All the above are non-rigid. The military ones were all built at the Royal Aircraft Factory.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Navy Dirigible Pilots.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Boothby, Lieut. F. L. M. (<i>F.C.</i>)<br />
+Everett, Gunner F.<br />
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+Masterman, Comdr. E. A. D. (in command)<br />
+Usborne, Lieut. N. F. (squad comdr.)<br />
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+Woodcock, Lieut. H. (<i>F.C.</i>)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<h5>Undergoing Naval Aircraft Course:</h5>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Crocker, Lieut. W. R.<br />
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+Hicks, Lieut. W. C.<br />
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+Wilson, Lieut. R. A.<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<h4><b>Military Dirigible Pilots.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h4><b>Squadron Commanders.</b></h4>
+
+Maitland, Capt. E. M.<br />
+
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+
+<h4><b>Flight Commanders.</b></h4>
+
+Waterlow, Lieut. C. M.<br />
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+<h4><b>Flying Officers.</b></h4>
+
+Brabazon, Capt. Honble. C. M. P.<br />
+Fletcher, Lieut. J. N. (R.E.)<br />
+Hetherington, Lieut. T. G.<br />
+Mackworth, Lieut. J. D.<br />
+Pigot, Capt. R.</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<p>The following hold dirigible pilot
+certificates, but are not at present
+employed:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Broke Smith, Capt. P.<br />
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+Capper, Col. J. E.<br />
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+Fox, Lieut. A. G.<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<h4><b>Private Dirigibles.</b></h4>
+
+<p>There are one <i>Willows</i> (1912) (sister to
+the naval one) and a couple of <i>Spencers</i>
+about the size of <i>Beta</i>.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Private Dirigible Pilots.</b></h4>
+
+<p>Willows, E. T. (24-32, Villa Rd. Handsworth, Birmingham).</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 61 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">[Pg 61]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;"/>
+
+<h3><b>BRITISH NAVAL DIRIGIBLES.</b></h3>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_078a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Willows. The naval one is fitted with a boat-shaped car." title="Willows. The naval one is fitted with a boat-shaped car."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Willows.</span> The naval one is fitted with a boat-shaped car.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_079b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Parseval. (photo of a sister ship.)" title="Parseval. (photo of a sister ship.)" />
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Parseval.</span> (photo of a sister ship.)</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="ibox">
+
+<div class="center"><b>New Construction.</b></div>
+
+<p>Messrs. Vickers have acquired the Parseval rights for the British Empire,
+and several airships of this type are likely to be put in hand by them shortly.</p>
+
+<p>Also reported that a big rigid is projected.</p></div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 62 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62">[Pg 62]</a></span>
+</p>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;"/>
+
+<h3><b>BRITISH MILITARY DIRIGIBLES.</b></h3>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_079a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Beta." title="Beta."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Beta</span>.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_079b.jpg" width="100%" alt="BETA." title="BETA." />
+<div class="left">BETA.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_079c.jpg" width="100%" alt="Gamma (Delta the same, but a smaller and enclosed car)." title="Gamma (Delta the same, but a smaller and enclosed car)."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Gamma</span> (<span class="smcap">Delta</span> the same, but a smaller and enclosed car).</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_079d.jpg" width="100%" alt="GAMMA." title="GAMMA." />
+<div class="left">GAMMA.</div>
+<!-- Page 63 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63">[Pg 63]</a></span>
+</div>
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="BRITISH_COLONIAL_AIRCRAFT" id="BRITISH_COLONIAL_AIRCRAFT"></a><b>BRITISH COLONIAL AIRCRAFT.</b></h2>
+
+
+<h3><b>AUSTRALIAN.</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b>Military Aviation.</b></h4>
+
+<p>In January, 1913, the Australian Flying Corps was instituted, as a part of the citizen forces.
+During 1913, about &pound;5,600 is to be spent.</p>
+
+<p>The force is to consist ultimately of 4 officers, 7 warrant officers and sergeants, 32 mechanics.</p>
+
+<p>The school is at Duntroon. Course includes&mdash;mechanics of the aeroplane, aerial motors, meteorology,
+aerial navigation by compass, aerial photography, signalling, etc. Mr. Harrison is in command with
+Lieut. H. Petre as assistant.</p>
+
+
+
+<h4><b>Australian Aviators.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Banks, R. C.<br />
+Busteed, H.<br />
+Duigan, J. R.<br />
+Hammond, J. J.<br />
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+Harrison<br />
++Hart<br />
++Lindsay, C.<br />
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+Petre, H.<br />
+Pickles<br />
+Watts<br />
+</div>
+<p class="clear">+=killed.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Private Aeroplanes.</b></h4>
+
+<p>J. R. Duigan has built an aeroplane of his own design.</p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>NEW ZEALAND.</b></h3>
+
+<p>Nothing doing worth mention. One <i>Bleriot,</i> 80 h.p., presented 1913 by the <i>Standard,</i> London.<!-- Page 64 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64">[Pg 64]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>CANADIAN.</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Societies.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Aeronautical Society of Canada, c/o. M. P. Logan, 99 Gloucester Street, Toronto</p>
+
+<p>McGill Aviation Club, McGill University, Montreal</p>
+
+<p>Oshawa, Ontario Ae. C.</p></div>
+
+<p><i>Note.</i>&mdash;Owing to the fact that the late Aerial Experiment Association was half Canadian and half U.S.A.,
+it is difficult to draw a very clear dividing line between Canadian and U.S. aviators or machines. Thus,
+one given here is partly U.S.A., while at least one U.S. machine may be claimed as "partially Canadian."</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>AVIATORS.&mdash;Private.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Bell, Dr. Graham<br />
+McCurdy, J. A. D. (U.S.A. Ae. C. 18)
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+McHardy<br />
+Symonds, E. F.
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+St. Henry R.<br />
+</div>
+<p class="clear"/>
+
+<h4><b>Canadian Aeroplanes.</b></h4>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>GRAHAM-BELL II.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Flights were made by Dr. Graham-Bell in a tetrahedal type, similar to
+one described in the 1911 edition.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>McCURDY-WILLARD. Biplane.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p><b>Maximum length,</b> 26&frac14; feet (8 m.) <b>maximum breadth,</b> 31-1/3 feet (9.50 m.) <b>supporting surface,</b> ? sq. feet (? m&sup2;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Total weight.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>Body.</b>&mdash;Central skid in combination with 4 wheels. Triangular body, base of triangle on top. Fuselage
+entirely enclosed.</p>
+
+<p><b>Planes.</b>&mdash;Maximum span, 31-1/3 feet (9.50 m.) Chord, 3&frac12; feet (1 m.) Gap, 5 feet (1.50 m.) Ailerons at
+trailing edge of wing tips, 6 feet x 2 feet (1.80&times;0.60 m.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Motor.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>Tractor.</b>&mdash;Diameter, 7&frac34; feet (2.40 m.) Pitch, 6 feet (1.82 m.)</p>
+
+<p class="hanging2"><b>Steering.</b>&mdash;Double elevator placed in rear of tail. <i>Control</i>, push and pull wheel.<br />
+Rudder in rear. <i>Control</i>, wheel.<br />
+Ailerons. <i>Control</i>, turning steering-wheel left or right.</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;See <i>Aeronautics</i>, U.S.A., August, 1911.</p>
+
+
+<p>There has been also the <i>Baddeck</i> and other early machines (see 1911 edition), but none of them seem to
+be in existence at the present time.<!-- Page 65 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65">[Pg 65]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b>BRITAIN OVERSEAS AEROPLANES.&mdash;INDIAN.</b></h4>
+
+<h5><b>Military Aviation.</b></h5>
+<p>&mdash;A certain number of officers belonging to the Indian Army have qualified as pilots when home on leave,
+but there is no organised force. One is, however, proposed.</p>
+
+
+<h5><b>Private Aviation.</b></h5>
+<p>&mdash;In the past two or three home-made machines appeared, and one or two were imported, but most or all
+are now extinct.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>SOUTH AFRICA.</b></h4>
+
+<h5><b>Military Aviation.</b></h5>
+<p>&mdash;Non-existent.</p>
+
+
+<h5><b>Private Aviation.</b></h5>
+<p>&mdash;J. Weston is a qualified pilot, but at the outside there are not more than two effective machines in the country.<!-- Page 66 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66">[Pg 66]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="BULGARIAN" id="BULGARIAN"></a><b>BULGARIAN.</b></h2>
+
+
+<p>In the Balkan War, 1912-13, Bulgaria hastily organised an aviation corps.
+This, though necessarily lacking in military organisation, proved very
+useful on several occasions.</p>
+
+<p>At the end of March, 1913, the aeroplanes effective included 6 <i>Bristol</i> monos.;
+one 70 h.p. <i>Bleriot XXI</i>; 2 <i>Bleriot XI bis</i> (captured from the Turks); also
+some half-dozen or more miscellaneous machines temporarily hired.</p>
+
+<p><b>Military Aviators.</b>&mdash;The principal are Lieuts. Milkoff, Taraxchieff and Petroff.</p>
+
+<p>A number of other officers in various stages of training.<!-- Page 67 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_67" id="Page_67">[Pg 67]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CENTRAL_AMERICAN" id="CENTRAL_AMERICAN"></a><b>CENTRAL AMERICAN.</b></h2>
+
+
+<p><b>General Note.</b>&mdash;Nicaragua and S. Domingo have both purchased one or two
+aeroplanes for their military forces: but nothing appears to have been
+done with them.<!-- Page 68 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_68" id="Page_68">[Pg 68]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CHILIAN" id="CHILIAN"></a><b>CHILIAN.</b></h2>
+
+
+<p><b>Aviator.</b>&mdash;Edwards, Emilio. Sanchez Besa is a Chilian, but resides in Paris
+(see <span class="smcap">France</span>).</p>
+
+<p><b>Military Aviation.</b>&mdash;In 1912, a commencement was made and one 80 h.p.
+<i>Deperdussin</i> purchased. Other machines are now on order.<!-- Page 69 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_69" id="Page_69">[Pg 69]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CHINESE" id="CHINESE"></a><b>CHINESE.</b></h2>
+
+
+<h4><b>AVIATORS.</b></h4>
+
+<p>
+Lee, Y. L. (British Ae.C. 148)<br />
+Tsai Tao Prince<br />
+</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Military Aviation.</b></h4>
+
+<p>In March, 1913, orders were placed for six 80 h.p. <i>Caudrons</i>,
+also for six 50 h.p., and a decision arrived at gradually to
+acquire a force of 700 aeroplanes, but very little has actually
+been done to date.<!-- Page 70 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_70" id="Page_70">[Pg 70]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="DANISH" id="DANISH"></a><b>DANISH.</b></h2>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Societies</b>:&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Danske Aeronautiske Selskab, 34 Amaliegade, Copenhagen.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Journals</b>:&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><i>None</i>; but <i>Motor</i> (3 Bredgade, Mezz, Copenhagen) deals with
+aerial matters.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Flying Grounds</b>:&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Klampenburg, Copenhagen.</p>
+
+<p>Skandinarisk A&euml;rodrom.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Army Aeroplanes.</b></h4>
+
+<p>In 1911 there was an Antoinette. Nothing done since.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>AVIATORS.</b></h4>
+
+
+<h5><b><i>Military.</i></b></h5>
+
+<p>
+Ullitkz, Kapt.<br />
+</p>
+
+
+<h5><b><i>Private.</i></b></h5>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Arntzen, Dr.<br />
+Christiansen, S.<br />
+Ellerhammer<br />
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+Folmes, Hansen<br />
+Maltke, Count<br />
+Nervoe, A.<br />
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+Svendsen, R.<br />
+Thorup, K.<br />
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+<p><!-- Page 71 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_71" id="Page_71">[Pg 71]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="DUTCH" id="DUTCH"></a><b>DUTCH.</b></h2>
+
+
+<p class="center"><b>(Revised by I. SCHIERE, Aeronautical Engineer and Librarian of the Dutch Ae. C.)</b></p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Societies:&mdash;</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Haagsche Proefvliegtuig Club (3e V.d. Boschstreet 20, The Hague).</p>
+
+<p>Nederlandsche Vereeniging voor Luchtvaart (Nassau Zuilensteintraat, 10, The
+Hague). (Ae. C.)</p>
+
+<p>Rotterdamsche Model Aero Club (Rochussenstreet 229b, Rotterdam).</p></div>
+
+<p><i>Colonial:</i></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Nederlandsche Indische Vereeniging voor Luchtvaart.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Journals:&mdash;</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><i>De Luchtvaart</i> (Ged Onde-Gracht, 141, Haarlem). Fortnightly.</p>
+
+<p><i>Avia</i>, Wynbrugstraat 13, Rotterdam. Fortnightly.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Flying Grounds:&mdash;</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><b>Breda-Gilske-Rijen.</b>&mdash;6 hangars.</p>
+
+<p><b>Soesterberg.</b>&mdash;20 hangars.</p></div>
+
+
+<h3><b>Army Aeroplanes.</b></h3>
+
+<p class="hanging">Up to the end of 1911 there were none, though some officers had their own
+private ones (<i>H. Farman's</i> mostly).</p>
+
+<p>At end of 1912.</p>
+
+<p>
+2 monos. <i>Deperdussin</i> (for Java).<br />
+1 biplane. <i>De Brouch&eacute;re</i> (for Java).<br />
+</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>AVIATORS.</b></h3>
+
+<p class="center">(The number against any name is, unless otherwise stated
+the Ae. C. Nederlandsche pilot certificate number.)</p>
+
+<p class="center">To end of <b>1911</b>.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>Military.</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Bakker, H. Yandrig<br />
+Labouchere, Lieut. J.<br />
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+Meel, Lieut. Van<br />
+Poorton, Lieut. H. ter<br />
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+Versreegh, Lt, W. C. J.<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+<h4><b><i>Private.</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Bahle, F. K.<br />
+Boerlage, M.<br />
+Burgh, Van der<br />
+Fokker, A. H. G.<br />
+Hilgers, J. W. E. L.<br />
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+Konings, L.<br />
+Koolhoven (1)<br />
+K&uuml;ller, G. P. (2)<br />
+Lutge, F. (4) (323, F.)<br />
+<div class="nlist">
+</div>
+Mulder, A.<br />
+Riemsdyk, Van F. (5)<br />
+Ryk, Madame Bde.<br />
+Wynmalen, H. (6) (208, F.)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<p>The following Dutch
+aviator has been killed:</p>
+
+<div class="ibox">
+1911.<br />
+Van Maasdyck, C. (130, Ae. C. F.) </div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+<p><!-- Page 72 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_72" id="Page_72">[Pg 72]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="DUTCH_AEROPLANES" id="DUTCH_AEROPLANES"></a><b>DUTCH AEROPLANES.</b></h2>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>DE BROUCKERE. Biplane.</i></b></h4>
+<p><i>H. Farman</i> type. Details, <i>De Luchtvaart</i>, No. 8, 1911.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>FOKKER. Monoplane.</i></b></h4>
+<p>Anthony Fokker, of Haarlem. In early 1912 flew at Breda.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>MONNIER-HARPER. Monoplane.</i></b></h4>
+<p>(O.P.I.I.) Generally <i>Bleriot</i> type. Built 1911.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>VAN DEN BURG. Monoplane.</i></b></h4>
+<p>Early in 1912 was flying at Johannisthal,
+Germany.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>VREEDENBURGH. Monoplane.</i></b></h4>
+<p>(O.P.I.I.) Blend of <i>Bleriot</i> and <i>Antoinette</i>.
+Motor, 75 h.p. Miesse. Completed December, 1909.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_089.jpg" alt="Fokker. Monoplane." title="Fokker. Monoplane." width="100%"/>
+<div class="left">Fokker. Monoplane.</div>
+</div>
+<h4><b><i>FOKKER. Monoplane.</i></b></h4>
+<p>(See <span class="smcap">Germany</span> for details.) Firm now established in Germany.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="DUTCH_DIRIGIBLES" id="DUTCH_DIRIGIBLES"></a>DUTCH DIRIGIBLES.</h2>
+
+<h3><b>Military.</b></h3>
+
+<h4><b><i>DUINDIGT. Non-rigid.</i></b><br/>
+<b><i>(Zodiac make.)</i></b></h4>
+
+<p><b>Length</b>, 111&frac12; feet (34 m.) <b>diameter</b>, 22&frac12; feet (60.80 m.) <b>capacity</b>, 31,785 c. feet (900 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Motor</b>.&mdash;18 h.p.</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;Small edition of <i>Zodiac III</i>. (See <span class="smcap">France</span>.)
+<!-- Page 73 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_73" id="Page_73">[Pg 73]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="FRENCH" id="FRENCH"></a><b>FRENCH.</b></h2>
+
+<p class="center"><b>(Special French Editor.)</b></p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Societies:&mdash;</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Aero Club de France.</p>
+
+<p>Academie Aeronautique de France.</p>
+
+<p>Aeronautique Club de France.</p>
+
+<p>Soci&eacute;t&eacute; des A&euml;ronautes du Si&egrave;ge.</p>
+
+<p>Aero Club du Sud Ouest.</p>
+
+<p>Aero Club du Rhone.</p>
+
+<p>Aero Club du Nord.</p>
+
+<p>La Ligue Aerienne du Sud.</p>
+
+<p>Soci&eacute;t&eacute; Francaise de Navigation A&eacute;rienne.</p>
+
+<p>Soci&eacute;t&eacute; d'encouragement &agrave; l'Aviation.</p>
+
+<p>(<i>Full list of clubs next page.</i>)</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Journals:&mdash;</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><i>L'Aerophile.</i></p>
+
+<p><i>L'Aero.</i></p>
+
+<p><i>L'Aeronaute.</i></p>
+
+<p><i>Aerostat (Bulletin Aeronautique).</i></p>
+
+<p><i>Aerostat (Academie d'Aerostation).</i></p>
+
+<p><i>Revue de l'Aerostation.</i></p>
+
+<p><i>Le Ballon.</i></p>
+
+<p><i>L'Aerostation.</i></p>
+
+<p><i>L'Aeronautique.</i></p>
+
+<p><i>Bulletin Aeronautique.</i></p>
+
+<p><i>Encyclopediede l'Aviation.</i></p>
+
+<p><i>La Ligue Nationale Aerienne.</i></p>
+
+<p><i>Revue de l'Aviation.</i></p>
+
+<p><i>L'Aerom&eacute;canique.</i></p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Principal Flying Grounds:</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><b>Antibes.</b>&mdash;Hanriot school.</p>
+
+<p><b>Beauce.</b></p>
+
+<p><b>Betheny.</b>&mdash;Sommer school. <b>Deperdussin School.</b></p>
+
+<p><b>Buc.</b>&mdash;M. Farman school.</p>
+
+<p><b>Buoy.</b></p>
+
+<p><b>Chalons.</b>&mdash;Sommer school.</p>
+
+<p><b>Chalais-Mendon.</b> (Military)</p>
+
+<p><b>Chatres.</b>&mdash;Savary school.</p>
+
+<p><b>Cran</b>, Marseilles.</p>
+
+<p><b>Crotoy.</b>&mdash;Caudron school.</p>
+
+<p><b>Croix d'Hins</b>, Bordeaux (Aer. Lig. du Sud.) Area 6 km. Track. Free sheds.</p>
+
+<p><b>Corbeaulieu</b> pres. Compregne.&mdash;Doutre school.</p>
+
+<p><b>Etampes.</b>&mdash;Bleriot school. Farman school.</p>
+
+<p><b>Grand Camp, Lyons.</b></p>
+
+<p><b>Issy les Moulineaux.</b>&mdash;Astra school</p>
+
+<p><b>Juan-le-Pias.</b>&mdash;Paulhan aquaplane school.</p>
+
+<p><b>Juvissy</b>, near Paris.&mdash;Aerodrome. Caudron school. Goupy school.</p>
+
+<p><b>La Brayelle</b>, Douai.&mdash;Breguet school.</p>
+
+<p><b>Da motte Brueil dans L'Oise.</b></p>
+
+<p><b>Le Bourget</b>, Paris.&mdash;100 sheds.</p>
+
+<p><b>Le Mans.</b></p>
+
+<p><b>Moisson.</b></p>
+
+<p><b>Mourmelon.</b>&mdash;Voisin school.</p>
+
+<p><b>Napante.</b></p>
+
+<p><b>Nice.</b>&mdash;Small and rough surface.</p>
+
+<p><b>Pau.</b>&mdash;Bleriot school.</p>
+
+<p><b>Reims.</b>&mdash;Aerodrome.</p>
+
+<p><b>St. Cyr.</b></p>
+
+<p><b>Villacoublay</b>, Paris.&mdash;Breguet, Nieuport and Astra schools.</p></div><p><!-- Page 74 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_74" id="Page_74">[Pg 74]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="FRENCH_AEROPLANES" id="FRENCH_AEROPLANES"></a><b>FRENCH AEROPLANES.</b></h2>
+
+
+<h3><b>Military Aviation.</b></h3>
+
+<p>In February, 1912, the then total of 208 effective aeroplanes were divided into "squadrillas" consisting
+of eight aeroplanes; attached to these eleven or twelve motor cars, one traction car and one fast car, also a
+repairing car and repairing van.</p>
+
+<p>It was then estimated that at the end of 1912, <b>344</b> aeroplanes would be available for service.</p>
+
+<p>The estimated <i>personnel</i> was provisionally fixed at 234 officer pilots, 210 scouts, 42 mechanics, 110
+officers, 1,600 corporals or sappers and 550 privates.</p>
+
+<p>Approximately &pound;880,000 was spent in aviation during 1912, and &pound;1,000,000 was estimated for
+future years.</p>
+
+<p>The French military aviation centres are all upon somewhat the same footing as fortresses, and the
+greater part of the work comes under the head of "confidential." The principal school is at St. Cyr,
+which was specially selected because the ground is rough and mostly covered with small shrubs: it being
+held important to train officers from the first to rise and land on ground similar to that most likely to be
+found in war time. Each station is supplied with large portable wooden-framed hangars covered with
+canvas. These can be rapidly taken to pieces and re-erected. Each station is supplied with its own
+special motor transport.</p>
+
+<p>All military machines are provided with a compass and map case in front of the pilot and sketching
+apparatus in front of the observer.</p>
+
+<p>Although a few non-commissioned officers have been taught flying, the organization only contemplates
+the employment of commissioned officers as pilots. The age limit is 38.</p>
+
+<p>On April 16th, 1913, the flying corps was modified. The principal features of the corps as now
+existing are as follows:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>Establishments.</b></h3>
+
+<ol>
+<li>Schools.</li>
+<li>Special establishments, dealing with purchase, construction, and big repairs.</li>
+<li><i>Directions.</i> Administration of <i>material</i>.</li>
+<li>Depots. A species of dockyards dealing with minor repairs, etc.</li>
+</ol>
+
+
+<h3><b>Administration.</b></h3>
+
+<p>There are three main groups, each commanded by a colonel. Each group consists of dirigibles
+and aeroplane "escadrilles," and is fully equipped with establishments, etc. The three centres are:&mdash;</p>
+
+<ol>
+<li>Versailles.</li>
+<li>Reims.</li>
+<li>Lyon.</li>
+</ol>
+
+
+<h3><b>General.</b></h3>
+
+<p>All squadron units are made up of machines of the same make and power. Pilots are detailed as
+required to any particular unit, and liable to transfer from one to another, though in practice such
+transfers are rare.</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>Army Aeroplanes.</b></h3>
+
+<p>During 1912 nearly 500 machines were delivered to the Army, but a great many old machines have
+been scrapped. At the end of March, 1913, the force stood at 421 effective for war machines, plus an
+uncertain number of school machines and obsoletes.</p>
+
+<p>About one-third or more of the effective aeroplanes were <i>Farmans</i>. The rest consisted of all leading
+French types, proportionated more or less to the productive capacity of these firms. Also certain other
+makes experimental.</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>Navy Aviation.</b></h3>
+
+<p>The Navy section of French military aviation is still in the "being formed" process. No data are
+yet available as to the ultimate force to be provided. At present the number of effective war machines is
+small. It is made up of hydro-avions of the following types:&mdash;<i>Astra</i>, <i>Borel</i>, <i>Breguet</i>, <i>Caudron</i>, <i>Deperdussin</i>,
+<i>Donnet-Leveque</i>, <i>Farman</i>, <i>Paulhan-Curtiss</i>, <i>Sanchez-Besa</i>, the total at end of March, 1913, being
+well under 20. There are also two special <i>Bleriot</i> type fitted with floats, which carry 330 lbs of explosive,
+are fitted with wireless, have a speed of 140 km.p.h. (85 m.p.h.), and a radius of about 600 miles
+(1,000 km.)<!-- Page 75 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_75" id="Page_75">[Pg 75]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3><b>PRINCIPAL FRENCH ARMY AND NAVY AVIATORS.</b></h3>
+
+<p>(In each case the number against each name is, unless otherwise stated, the Ae. C. French certificate pilot number.)</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>Army.</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Abadie, Sous Officier<br />
+Acevedo, Lieut. (740)<br />
+Acquaviva, Lieut. Paul V. (68)<br />
+Aiguillon, Lt. R.d' (308)<br />
+Aubry, Lieut.<br />
+Balensi, Capt. Albert (173)<br />
+Bares, Capt. (543)<br />
+Basset, Lieut. Paul (145)<br />
+Battini, Lieut. G. (508)<br />
+Baugnies, Lt. J. B. E. (193)<br />
+Beatrix, Sous Officier<br />
+Bellemois, Lieut. G. (546)<br />
+Bellenger, Capt. M. (45)<br />
+Berni, Lieut. (760)<br />
+Biard, Capt. G. M. (261)<br />
+Bihan, Lieut.<br />
+Binda, Lieut. Louis (232)<br />
+Blard, Lieut. (460)<br />
+Bobillier, Lieut.<br />
+Boerner, Lieut.<br />
+Boissonas, Lieut. (443)<br />
+Bon, Lieut.<br />
+Boncour, Lieut. (478)<br />
+Bonnier, Lieut. (478)<br />
+Bonnier, General (137)<br />
+Boucher, Lieut.<br />
+Bousnuet, Lieut. P. (295)<br />
+Breley, Lieut.<br />
+Brenot, Capt.<br />
+Brouchard, Lieut.<br />
+Brugiere, Lt.<br />
+Brule, Lieut. (436)<br />
+Bruncher, Lieut.<br />
+Burgeat, Capt. M. (44)<br />
+Camerman, Lieut. F. (33)<br />
+Camine, Capt.<br />
+Campagne, Lieut. (782)<br />
+Casse, Capt. (415)<br />
+Chabert, Lieut.<br />
+Charoux, Sous Officier<br />
+Chavenac, Lieut. E. (551)<br />
+Cheutin, Lt. E. J. (233)<br />
+Chevreau, Lieut. R. (132)<br />
+Clavenad, Lieut. P. (294)<br />
+Clerc, Lieut. (465)<br />
+Clolus, Commdt. G. (97)<br />
+Couret, Lieut.<br />
+Coville, Capt.<br />
+D'Abrantes, Lieut.<br />
+D'Aquillon, Lieut.<br />
+De Beruis, Lieut.<br />
+De Caumont, Capt.<br />
+De Chanac Lanzac, Capt.<br />
+De Geyer, Lieut.<br />
+De Gorge, Lieut. (805)<br />
+De Goys, Capt.<br />
+De Lafargue (417)<br />
+De L'Estrade, Lieut.<br />
+De Rose, Lieut. P. (477)<br />
+Destace, Capt.<br />
+Destouches, Capt.<br />
+Devarenne, Lieut.<br />
+Devaulx, Lieut. R. (158)<br />
+De Ville d'Avray, Lieut.<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Didier, Sous Officier (765)<br />
+Do-Ird, Lieut.<br />
+Drevet, Sous Officier (753)<br />
+Duparquet, Capt.<br />
+Duperron, Capt. (196)<br />
+Dupin, Lieut.<br />
+Eteve, Capt. A. (89)<br />
+Erstorac, Capt.<br />
+Felix, Capt. J. (270)<br />
+Fequant, Lieut. A. (63)<br />
+Fequant, Lieut. P. (340)<br />
+Fierstein, Sous Officier<br />
+Francezon, E. (410)<br />
+Foirelline, Lieut.<br />
+Garnier, Lieut. (305)<br />
+Garnier, Lt. (826)<br />
+Gastringer, Lieut.<br />
+Gaubert, Lieut. E. (313)<br />
+Germain, Lieut.<br />
+Girard, Lieut. J. (197)<br />
+Gironde, Lt. A. de<br />
+Godefroy, Sous Officier (583)<br />
+Gouin, Lt. M. E. R. (348)<br />
+Gourlez, Lieut. (521)<br />
+Grezaud, S.-Lt. P. (265)<br />
+Grailly, Lieut. (399)<br />
+Gronier, Lieut. J. (138)<br />
+Grandjean, Sapper<br />
+Guibart, Lieut.<br />
+Guiton, Sous Officier<br />
+Hable, Sous-Lt. A. L. (257)<br />
+Hugoni, Capt. E. (165)<br />
+Hanouille, Lieut.<br />
+Henequin, Lieut.<br />
+Henri, Lieut. (497)<br />
+Herli, S.-Lt. (257)<br />
+Hurard, Sous Officier<br />
+Issartier (531)<br />
+Jacquet, Lieut.<br />
+Joly, Lieut. F. (341)<br />
+Jost, Lieut. R. G. (264)<br />
+Kass, Capt.<br />
+Langardt, Lieut.<br />
+Laurent, Sous Officier (246)<br />
+Le Beau, Capt.<br />
+Le Bleu, Lieut.<br />
+Lelievre, Lieut. E. (522)<br />
+Lemasson, Lieut. (506)<br />
+Le Mauget, Capt.<br />
+Letheux, Lieut. G. (142)<br />
+Letort, Sapper (170)<br />
+Letourneur, Lieut.<br />
+Lucca, Lieut. D. (154)<br />
+Ludmann, Lieut. G. (255)<br />
+Lussigny, Lieut.<br />
+Machin, Lieut.<br />
+Mailfert, Lieut. F. (146)<br />
+Maillois, Lieut. J. (131)<br />
+Malherbe, Lt. de (334)<br />
+Maneyrol, Lieut.<br />
+Manoha, Lt.<br />
+Marc, Lt.<br />
+Marconnet, Capt. (90)<br />
+Marie, Capt. Felix (80)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Marlin, Lieut.<br />
+Marmies, Lieut.<br />
+Marty, Sous Officier (816)<br />
+Massol, Lieut.<br />
+Mauger, Lieut.<br />
+Maurice, Lieut.<br />
+Mazac, Lieut. (592)<br />
+Migaud, Lieut. G. (501)<br />
+Morel, Sous-Lt. P. (262)<br />
+Morlaye, Lieut. la<br />
+Mouchard, Lieut.<br />
+Negre, Capt.<br />
+Nicaud, Lieut.<br />
+Nogues, Capt. (114)<br />
+Normand, Lieut. F. (314)<br />
+Pelloux, Sous-Lt. M. (346)<br />
+Peraldi, Lieut.<br />
+Peretti, Sous Officier<br />
+Pierre, Lieut.<br />
+Ponchet, Lieut.<br />
+Prat, Lieut.<br />
+Precardin, Lieut.<br />
+Princetau, Lieut.<br />
+Postulat, Sergt.<br />
+Quennehen, Sous Officier<br />
+Ragot, Lieut.<br />
+Remy, Lieut. H. C. (143)<br />
+Reynard, Lieut. (668)<br />
+Rimbert, Lieut.<br />
+Rocca-Serra, Lieut.<br />
+Rochette, Lieut. J. (564)<br />
+Rolland, Lieut. M. E. (545)<br />
+Ronin, Lieut.<br />
+Rougerie, Lieut.<br />
+Sauleillon, Lt. A. (674)<br />
+Saunier, Lieut. G. (153)<br />
+Seguin, Sapper (528)<br />
+Sevelle, Lieut. (747)<br />
+Silvestre, Lieut. (599)<br />
+Sido, Capt. Marie (65)<br />
+Sourdeau, Lieut. A. (474)<br />
+Soulielani, Lieut.<br />
+Thomas, Lieut. (846)<br />
+Thomas, R. (116)<br />
+Touzet, E. (485)<br />
+Tretane, Lieut.<br />
+Tricornot de Rose, Lt. de (330)<br />
+Vandamone, Lieut. (535)<br />
+Van de Vaero, Lt. (491)<br />
+Vandine, Lieut.<br />
+Varcin, Lieut.<br />
+Vaudein, Lieut.<br />
+Verdier, Sous Officier (538)<br />
+Vibra, Lieut.<br />
+Vigne, Lt. Henri (315)<br />
+Vinda, Lieut.<br />
+Vitra-Rougerie, Lieut.<br />
+Vocayeau, Lieut.<br />
+Vogoya, Capt.<br />
+Vuilliereme, Lt. L. (174)<br />
+Watteau, Lieut.<br />
+Willemenz, Lieut. (759)<br />
+Yence, Lieut. R, (220)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+<h4><b><i>Naval.</i></b></h4>
+
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Byasson, Lt. de V. (175)<br />
+Cayla, Lieut. (458)<br />
+Conneau, Lieut. (322) "Beaumont"<br />
+Davelny, Comdt.<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Delage, Lieut. G. (219)<br />
+Fournier, Lieut.<br />
+Hautefille, Lieut. (247)<br />
+Lafon, Lt. (194)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Leve, Lieut. (243)<br />
+Parasa, Lieut. (179)<br />
+Reymond, Lieut. (206)<br />
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 76 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_76" id="Page_76">[Pg 76]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h2><b>FRENCH AEROPLANES&mdash;PRIVATE.</b></h2>
+
+<h3><b>Private Aeroplanes.</b></h3>
+
+<p>The total number of machines built in France during 1912 has been estimated at about
+1,500. This includes military as well as private machines, also machines exported, and
+appears to be unduly generous even so. The actual total of machines commenced and
+completed in 1912 is nearer 1,000.</p>
+
+<p>The number of private aeroplanes&mdash;excluding demonstration and school machines
+is small.</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>PRIVATE AVIATORS</b></h3>
+<p class="center">(brevets to end of 1911).</p>
+
+<p>(In each case the number against each name is, unless otherwise stated, the Ae. C.
+French certificate pilot number.)</p>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Algrin, Rene (252)<br />
+Allard, M. (480)<br />
+Alincourt (488)<br />
+Andre, C. (192)<br />
+Aubrun (21)<br />
+Bachot, A. (271)<br />
+Baeder, F. de (107)<br />
+Bague, E. (337)<br />
+Balliod, Louis (236)<br />
+Balaye, A. (275)<br />
+Balsan, Jacques (22)<br />
+Baratoux, Marcel (49)<br />
+Barbotte, Ernest (268)<br />
+Barra, Franck (171)<br />
+Barrier, A. (64)<br />
+Banier, Rene (64)<br />
+Bathiat, Georges (237)<br />
+Bathiat, Leon (110)<br />
+Beard, Pierre (276)<br />
+Beaud, Edouard (150)<br />
+Becue, Jean F. (263)<br />
+Bellier, Albert (297)<br />
+Bellot, Andre (317)<br />
+Benoist, Jean (369)<br />
+Bergognie, Charles (373)<br />
+Bernard, A. (505)<br />
+Berlot, Henri J. (450)<br />
+Biard, Desire J. (460)<br />
+Bielovucic, Jean (87)<br />
+Bill, Henri (205)<br />
+Blanchet, Georges (244)<br />
+Bleriot, Louis (1)<br />
+Blondeau, Gustave (101)<br />
+Bobba, Andre (309)<br />
+Boillot, Geo. (395)<br />
+Boissounas, L. (443)<br />
+Boise de Courcenay, Comte (283)<br />
+Boivin, Albert (248)<br />
+Bonzon, Maurice (355)<br />
+Bouvier, Andre (120)<br />
+Boyer, Louis (303)<br />
+Bregi, Henry (26)<br />
+Breguet, Louis (52)<br />
+Bresson, Georges (280)<br />
+Briancon, Lucien (277)<br />
+Briey, F. de (492)<br />
+Brindejonc des Moulinais (449)<br />
+Bruneau de Laborie, E. (67)<br />
+Bunau-Varilla, E. (16)<br />
+Busson, Guillaume (121)<br />
+Caille, Albert (200)<br />
+Caramanlaki, A. (761)<br />
+Carles, Fernand (362)<br />
+Carlin, L. V. (554)<br />
+Caudron, Rene (180)<br />
+Cayla, P. (458)<br />
+Chailliey, Henri (63)<br />
+Challe, M. J. (523)<br />
+Champel, Florentin (94)<br />
+Chanteloup, P. (549)<br />
+Chapelle, J. (547)<br />
+Charpentier, Louis (286)<br />
+Chassagne, Jean (160)<br />
+Chausse, P. (519)<br />
+Chaussier, Piere (384)<br />
+Chatain, Marius L. (267)<br />
+Chatain, L. M. L. (296)<br />
+Chateau, Edouard (135)<br />
+Chaunac-Lenzac de (394)<br />
+Chemet, Geo. (159)<br />
+Cheuret, Leon (62)<br />
+Cherent, L. (62)<br />
+Chevalier, J. (515)<br />
+Chevalier, Louis (333)<br />
+Chevillard, Maurice (385)<br />
+Chioni, Basile (250)<br />
+Clerc, Paul A. L. (465)<br />
+Clement, M. (108)<br />
+Collardeau, Geo. (393)<br />
+Collieux, M. (85)<br />
+Collin, Georges (279)<br />
+Conard (647)<br />
+Contard, Paul (351)<br />
+Contenet, Henri (447)<br />
+Contour, Ernest (371)<br />
+Contre (657)<br />
+Cordonnier, Robert (221)<br />
+Corso, E. (529)<br />
+Crochon, Andre (43)<br />
+Cronier, Andre M. H. (352)<br />
+Cugnet, Gaston (140)<br />
+Cure, Gaston M. (242)<br />
+Daillens, Jean (119)<br />
+Dancourt, P. H. (520)<br />
+Debener, M. (562)<br />
+Deletang, Fernand (42)<br />
+Delacroix, Maurice (452)<br />
+Delagrange, Robert (366)<br />
+De La Roche, Mde. (36)<br />
+Deloche, R. D. (526)<br />
+<!-- Page 77 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_77" id="Page_77">[Pg 77]</a></span>Denis, Auguste (380)<br />
+Deroy, Francis (374)<br />
+Derry, Leon (254)<br />
+Deruissy, Andre (376)<br />
+Despres, E. M. L. (527)<br />
+Deschamps de Bois, H&eacute;bert (461)<br />
+Didier, A. (77)<br />
+Divetain, Pierre (466)<br />
+Driancourt, M. L. (525)<br />
+Dubonnet, Emile (47)<br />
+Ducoweneau (456)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Dufour, Jean M. R. (457)<br />
+Dufour, Jean (96)<br />
+Dufour, Louis (185)<br />
+Duval, E. (118)<br />
+Duval, Emile (118)<br />
+Echeman, P. M. (466)<br />
+Esnault-Pelterie, R. (4)<br />
+Espanet, Dr. G. (532)<br />
+Farman, Henry (5)<br />
+Farman, Maurice (6)<br />
+Fiorellimo, Louis (369)<br />
+Florencie, Jean (201)<br />
+Fournie, J. P. S. (502)<br />
+Frantz, Joseph (363)<br />
+Francq, Baron de (481)<br />
+Frey, Alfred (48)<br />
+Frey, Andre (93)<br />
+Froussart, Ernest (350)<br />
+Frugier, Leon (378)<br />
+Gaget, Joseph (335)<br />
+Gaillard, J. O. C. (504)<br />
+Gallie, Fernand (343)<br />
+Gardey, M. (482)<br />
+Garros, Roland (147)<br />
+Garsonnin, L. (555)<br />
+Gastinger, Edouard M. (455)<br />
+Gassnier, Ren&eacute; (39)<br />
+Gassier, Marcel (392)<br />
+Gasnier, Pierre (391)<br />
+Gaudart, Louis (228)<br />
+Gaulard, Charles (302)<br />
+Gautheron, Louis (449)<br />
+Gaye, Georges (251)<br />
+Gibert, Louis (92)<br />
+Gilbert, Eugene (240)<br />
+Giraud, Etienne (493)<br />
+Glorieux, Leon (188)<br />
+Gobe, Armand (102)<br />
+Gobron, Jean (7)<br />
+Goffin, Marcel (284)<br />
+Gouguenheim, P. (388)<br />
+Goux, Jules (398)<br />
+Gournay, Henri (186)<br />
+Goys de Mereyrac, Louis (354)<br />
+Grandjean, E. C. H. (469)<br />
+Grandseigne, R. (360)<br />
+Granel, Marcel (117)<br />
+Grellet, Alexis (370)<br />
+Gressard, M. (725)<br />
+Gue, Albert (216)<br />
+Guerre, Henri (444)<br />
+Guidard, V. P. (487)<br />
+Guilband, C. J. (518)<br />
+Guillemard, T. (445)<br />
+Guillaume, C. (651)<br />
+Hainaux, Marcel R. (239)<br />
+Hanriot, Marcel R. (239)<br />
+Hanriot, Rene (368)<br />
+Herbster, Maurice (41)<br />
+Herveu, Mlle. Jane (318)<br />
+Hesne, Paul (113)<br />
+Houlette, Andre (367)<br />
+Jacquemart, G. C. (464)<br />
+Jamblez, Paul A. (266)<br />
+Janoir, L. (553)<br />
+Joliot, Andr&eacute; (202)<br />
+Joly, C. E. M. (530)<br />
+Julleriot, Henry (61)<br />
+Junod, Auguste (253)<br />
+Kauffman, Paul (198)<br />
+Kergariou, Engard de (503)<br />
+Kieffer, C. E. (372)<br />
+Kummerling, A. (291)<br />
+Koechlin, Jean P. (203)<br />
+Kuhling, Paul L. (136)<br />
+Labouchere, Rene (86)<br />
+Labouret, Rene (222)<br />
+Lacombe, P. (534)<br />
+Ladougne, Emile (81)<br />
+Lafarge, Henri (278)<br />
+Lajous, Francois, A. (463)<br />
+Lambert, Comte de (8)<br />
+Langhe, Armand de (204)<br />
+Lastours, H. R. de (552)<br />
+Larfinty-Tholosan, Marquis Jules (468)<br />
+Laroche, Mme. Raymonde (36)<br />
+Latzel, J. (700)<br />
+Leblanc, Alfred (17)<br />
+Lecomte, Henri (320)<br />
+Legagneux, Georges (55)<br />
+Le Lasseur de Ranzay, G. (479)<br />
+Lemartin, Theodore (249)<br />
+Lenfant, Louis (386)<br />
+Leouet, B. L. (485)<br />
+Leprince, P. (494)<br />
+Lesire, Eugene (176)<br />
+Lesseps, Jacques de (27)<br />
+Leyat, Marcel (364)<br />
+Lieutard, H. (497)<br />
+Liger, A. (573)<br />
+Lombardi, Henri (241)<br />
+Loridan, Marcel (224)<br />
+Magnan, Leon (379)<br />
+Magneval, Gabriel (359)<br />
+Mahieu, Georges E. (123)<br />
+Mallet, J. A. P. (490)<br />
+Mamet, Julien (18)<br />
+Marchal, Anselem (328)<br />
+Maron, P. H. (495)<br />
+Marquezy, Rene (238)<br />
+Martin, Edouard (365)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Martin, Xavier (162)<br />
+Martinet, Robert (78)<br />
+Marvingt, Marie (281)<br />
+Mauvais, Jean (144)<br />
+Metrot, Rene (19)<br />
+Meyer, Jules M. (229)<br />
+Mignot, Robert (76)<br />
+Miltgen, Paul (339)<br />
+Moineau, R. L. (554)<br />
+Molla, Henri (172)<br />
+Montalent, O. de (509)<br />
+Montjou, Guy de (446)<br />
+Mollien, Elie A. (57)<br />
+Molon, Leon (25)<br />
+Molon, Louis (234)<br />
+Molon, Lucien (235)<br />
+Montigny, Alfred de (69)<br />
+Morane, Leon F. (54)<br />
+Morelle, Edmond (35)<br />
+Morel, P. F. (524)<br />
+Morin, Roger (306)<br />
+Mouthier, Louis (157)<br />
+Mousnier, Yvon (454)<br />
+Niel, Albert (104)<br />
+Niel, Mme. Marthe (226)<br />
+Nissole, Edouard (383)<br />
+Noe, A. G. M. (498)<br />
+Noel, Andre (122)<br />
+Obre, Emile (148)<br />
+Ors, Jean (382)<br />
+Orus, Maurice (256)<br />
+Osmon, Geo. (361)<br />
+Paillette, Marcel (99)<br />
+Paillole, E. C. L. (556)<br />
+Palade, Antoine (387)<br />
+Pallier, Mdlle.<br />
+Parent, Francois (189)<br />
+Paris-Leclerc, Max (190)<br />
+Partiot, G. (516)<br />
+Pascal, Ferdinand (301)<br />
+Paul, Ernest (91)<br />
+Paulhan, Louis (10)<br />
+Pequet, Henri (88)<br />
+Perin, Albert (161)<br />
+Perreyon, Edmond (311)<br />
+Perrigot, J. (499)<br />
+Picard, Pierre (174)<br />
+Planchet, Edmond (319)<br />
+Poillot (182)<br />
+Pommier, Martin (400)<br />
+Porcheron, L. A. (471)<br />
+Pouleriguen, F. (349)<br />
+Poumet (576)<br />
+Pourpe, Marc<br />
+Pourpe, M. M. E. A. (560)<br />
+Prevost, M. (475)<br />
+Prevoteau, G. (507)<br />
+Prier, Pierre (169)<br />
+Raoblt, Jean (386)<br />
+Reimbert, Ernest (375)<br />
+Reichert, Henri (377)<br />
+Renaux, Eugene (139)<br />
+Renaud de la Fregeoliere (396)<br />
+Rey, P. A. P. (517)<br />
+Reymond, Senator<br />
+Richet, A. (537)<br />
+Rigal, Victor (60)<br />
+Rivolier, Jean (381)<br />
+Robillard, G. de (184)<br />
+Robinet, J. (476)<br />
+Romance, F. de (288)<br />
+Rougier, Henry (11)<br />
+Ruby, F. L. (514)<br />
+Ruchonnet (127)<br />
+Sallard, H. (794)<br />
+Sallenave, Henru (66)<br />
+Savary, Robert (112)<br />
+Schlumberger, M. (316)<br />
+S&eacute;e, Raymond (187)<br />
+Servies, Jules (218)<br />
+Simon, Rene (177)<br />
+Sommer, Roger (29)<br />
+Tabateau, Maurice (128)<br />
+Taurin, Andre (84)<br />
+Tetard, Maurice (79)<br />
+Thieulin, Joseph (459)<br />
+Tissandier, Paul (13)<br />
+Tixier, Henri (397)<br />
+Toussin, Rene (56)<br />
+Train, Emile Louis (167)<br />
+Vallier, Edmond P. (269)<br />
+Vallon, Rene (109)<br />
+Van Gaver, Paul (338)<br />
+Vasseur, Narcisse (282)<br />
+Vedrines, Jules (312)<br />
+Vendrines, E. (536)<br />
+Verliac, Adrien (129)<br />
+Vergmault, O. (561)<br />
+Verrier, Pierre (390)<br />
+Versepuy, Leon (149)<br />
+Vialard, Charles (342)<br />
+Vidart, Rene (133)<br />
+Villeneuve Trans, Louis de (285)<br />
+Vimard, E. (484)<br />
+Visseaux, Henri (217)<br />
+Vittoz-Gallet, G. (500)<br />
+Wagner, Louis (83)<br />
+Walleton, Louis (304)<br />
+Weiss, H. (73)<br />
+Wintrebert, Henri (300)<br />
+Zens, Ernest (28)<br />
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<p>The following French
+aviators have been
+killed:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="ibox">
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<p class="center">1909.</p>
+
+<p>Ferber, Capt.<br />
+Lefebvre, E. </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<p class="center">1910.</p>
+
+<p>Blanchard (215)<br />
+Delagrange, Leon (3)<br />
+Le Blon (38)<br />
+Poillot (182)</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+
+<p class="center">1911.</p>
+
+<p>Byasson, Lt.<br />
+Camine, Capt.<br />
+Caumont, Lieut. (156)<br />
+Carron, Capt.           <br />
+Chotard, Lieut.         <br />
+De Grailly, Lieut.      <br />
+Desparmet, J. (451)<br />
+Dupuis, Lieut.          <br />
+Gaubert (59)            <br />
+Laffont, A. (111)      <br />
+Lautheaume, Lt.      <br />
+Level                   <br />
+Liere, Louis         <br />
+Loder, Lt.             <br />
+Madiot, Capt. (106)<br />
+Mommlin               <br />
+Nieuport, E. (105)<br />
+Noel                    <br />
+Princeteau, Lt. (331)<br />
+Ruchonnet               <br />
+Tarron, Capt.           <br />
+Vallon, Rene            <br />
+Wachter, C. L. (53) </p>
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 78 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_78" id="Page_78">[Pg 78]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3><b>FRENCH PRIVATE AVIATORS, 1912.</b></h3>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Adam-Gironne (818)<br />
+Arondel, P. (827)<br />
+Andenis, C. (788)<br />
+Badet (622)<br />
+Balighant, G. (588)<br />
+Barbarou, M. (702)<br />
+Basano, F. (828)<br />
+Baudrin, E. (609)<br />
+Bedel, R. (668)<br />
+Beatrix, C. (781)<br />
+Benoit, O. (771)<br />
+Benoist, G. (667)<br />
+Bertin, L. (801)<br />
+Blaignan (633)<br />
+Bleu, Le (643)<br />
+Boiteau, G. (833)<br />
+Boerlage (666)<br />
+Bordage, A. (650)<br />
+Boncour (678)<br />
+Boucher, F. (600)<br />
+Borie, A. (803)<br />
+Brocard, A. (770)<br />
+Brodin, E. (838)<br />
+Brouard, E. (807)<br />
+Bruginere, A. (813)<br />
+Cailleaux, A. (617)<br />
+Carreard, G. (779)<br />
+Castellan, E. (639)<br />
+Cavalier, M. (764)<br />
+Caye, M. (672)<br />
+Cerantes, F. (611)<br />
+Chabert, V. (631)<br />
+Chandenier, L. (804)<br />
+Coblyn, L. (735)<br />
+Contre (657)<br />
+Corsini, A. (654)<br />
+Cornier, R. (605)<br />
+Coville, F. (594)<br />
+Couffin, L. (619)<br />
+Dambricourt, J. (773)<br />
+De Beausire de Seyssel (756)<br />
+Debroutelle, P. (806)<br />
+De Chabot, P. (783)<br />
+De Gensac, A. (836)<br />
+De Lareinty Tholozan, H. (822)<br />
+Delacour, J. (602)<br />
+Delaunay, P. M. (635)<br />
+Deleraye, M. (790)<br />
+De l'Escaille (791)<br />
+Delmas, M. (837)<br />
+De Marmies, R. (663)<br />
+De Mazurkiewicz, W. C. (707)<br />
+Denhaut, F. (690)<br />
+Des Pres de la Morlais (636)<br />
+De Pontac (596)<br />
+De Reals, R. (686)<br />
+De Ryk (Mme. B.) (652)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+De Segonac, R. (669)<br />
+Desille, L. (581)<br />
+De Vergnette, C. (792)<br />
+De Villepin, O. (832)<br />
+Do Huu, T. (649)<br />
+Drouhet, F. (727)<br />
+Dussot, A. (733)<br />
+Dutertre, C. (748)<br />
+Ecomand, G. (714)<br />
+Ehrmann, L. (646)<br />
+Escot, P. (624)<br />
+Eymien, S. (726)<br />
+Fassin, F. (844)<br />
+Faucompre, L. (814)<br />
+Fleiche, L. (729)<br />
+Foudre, R. (808)<br />
+Foulquier, M. (772)<br />
+Francois, A. (665)<br />
+Galon, S. (613)<br />
+Garros, R. (811)<br />
+Glaize, F. (845)<br />
+Godot, J. (815)<br />
+Grazzioli, A. (687)<br />
+Grasset, A. (800)<br />
+Greppo, J. (676)<br />
+Guerre, P. (730)<br />
+Guillaux, E. (749)<br />
+Hanne, A. (681)<br />
+Helen, E. (586)<br />
+Hembert (662)<br />
+Hurard, J. (757)<br />
+Hustinx, C. (716)<br />
+Irate, G. (655)<br />
+Jacquin, A. (582)<br />
+Jailler, L. (682)<br />
+Jeannerod, H. (696)<br />
+Jeansoulin, L. (703)<br />
+Joachim, H. (610)<br />
+Jourjon, R. (841)<br />
+Junquet, P. (621)<br />
+Kormann (789)<br />
+Lambert, A. (618)<br />
+Lanier, P. (684)<br />
+Lantheaume, C. (616)<br />
+Latzel, J. (700)<br />
+Le Bleu, P. (643)<br />
+Leclerc, P. (593)<br />
+Lefebvre, L. (691)<br />
+Lecontellec, H. (810)<br />
+Lenfant, P. (731)<br />
+Lemoine, A. (632)<br />
+Leroy, J. (638)<br />
+Lesne, M. (796)<br />
+Levasseur, J. (743)<br />
+Le Vassor, J. (704)<br />
+Lewis, J. (642)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Loubignac, L. (793)<br />
+Lumiere, G. (840)<br />
+Madon, G. (595)<br />
+Magnin, L. (648)<br />
+Maicon, A. (695)<br />
+Mandelli, P. (762)<br />
+Mauger, D. (750)<br />
+Malecaze, J. (776)<br />
+Mancarot (710)<br />
+Mazier, L. (634)<br />
+Melin, E. (699)<br />
+Metairie, A. (689)<br />
+Mouroux, J. (724)<br />
+Navarre, A. (584)<br />
+Noel, L. (656)<br />
+Nove-Josseraud (825)<br />
+Olivier, L. (556)<br />
+Pasquier, Baron R. (728)<br />
+Penet, H. (809)<br />
+Pia, G. (829)<br />
+Picard, F. (601)<br />
+Poulet, E. (709)<br />
+Radisson, V. (834)<br />
+Raulet, F. (658)<br />
+Richer, H. (607)<br />
+Ridont, R. (817)<br />
+Roussel, L. (659)<br />
+Roux, H. (715)<br />
+Saint-Michel Rivet (604)<br />
+Sallard, H. (794)<br />
+Sauson de Sausal (812)<br />
+Schneegaus, C. (712)<br />
+Senart, J. (661)<br />
+Sensever, H. (580)<br />
+Senougue, A. (823)<br />
+Serant, L. (679)<br />
+Seyrat, J. (830)<br />
+Shigeno, K. (744)<br />
+Soularis, M. (698)<br />
+Soyer, H. (671)<br />
+Testulat, P. (821)<br />
+Thierry de Ville d'Avray (579)<br />
+Thoret, J. (708)<br />
+Tierch, M. (645)<br />
+Tournier, A. (677)<br />
+Trescartes, L. (842)<br />
+Vallet, C. (734)<br />
+Vaudelle, R. (785)<br />
+Vandinck, A. (787)<br />
+Vandal, P. (598)<br />
+Ventre, L. (585)<br />
+Vidal Soler, E. (686)<br />
+Vogoyeau, A. (755)<br />
+Whitehouse, W. (589)<br />
+Zens, P. (675)<br />
+Zorra, L. (653)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<div class="ibox">
+<h4><b>Killed.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<p>1912.</p>
+
+<p>Barillon (307)<br />
+Bedell, R.         <br />
+Bernard, Suzanne<br />
+Boerner, Lieut.     <br />
+Boncour, Lieut.     <br />
+Bressand, Lieut.   <br />
+Chanteriers, Lieut.<br />
+Dubois, Capt.        <br />
+Ducourneau, Lieut.<br />
+Etienne, Lieut.        </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<p>Faure, Capt.           <br />
+Lacour                    <br />
+Madiot, Capt. (106)<br />
+Maguet, Capt. le     <br />
+Nieuport, C.             <br />
+Olivers, G.                <br />
+Peignan, Lieut. A.   <br />
+Poutrin, Lieut.          <br />
+Sevelle, Lieut. H. P.<br />
+Thiery de Ville d'Avray, Lieut.<br />
+Thomas, Lieut.               <br />
+Wagner, A.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<p>1913.</p>
+
+<p>Bresson, Lieut.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 79 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_79" id="Page_79">[Pg 79]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><b>FRENCH AEROPLANES.</b></h2>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>A</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>AERIENNE.</i></b></h4>
+<p>L'Aerienne, 25 Quai des Grands Agustins, Paris. Builds to specifications and
+supplies all parts.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>ANTOINETTE.</i></b></h4>
+<p>Company has ceased to exist.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>ASTRA.</i></b></h4>
+<p>"Astra" Soc. de Constructions A&eacute;ronautiques, (Anciens Etabs. Surcouf) Soc. An'yme 13
+Rue Couchat, Billancourt (Seine). Works: 121-123 Rue de Bellevue, Billancourt. Flying grounds:
+Issy-les-Molineux Villacoublay (S-&amp;-O). This old established balloon and dirigible firm first took
+up aviation as French agents for the <i>Wrights</i> in 1909. For a time they built <i>Wrights</i> with certain
+modifications, but by 1912, little save the Wright system of warping remained. Capacity: about 100
+machines a year.</p>
+
+<table class="box" summary="Astra" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"></th><th>Biplane, type C. <b>1912-13.</b> Wood.</th>
+  <th>Military biplane  type C.M. <b>1912-13.</b>Wood</th>
+  <th>Biplane, Type C. <b>1913.</b> Wood &amp; steel.</th>
+  <th>Mil. biplane, type C.M. <b>1913.</b> Wood &amp; steel.</th>
+  <th>Hydro-biplane, type C.M. <b>1913.</b> Wood &amp; steel.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td>34    (10.40)</td><td>36    (10.97)</td><td>34    (10.40)</td><td>36    (10.97)</td><td>32&frac34;   (10)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td>41    (12.50)</td><td>40&frac12; (12.32)</td><td>41    (12.50) </td><td>40&frac12; (12.32)</td><td>39&frac12;   (12)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area.</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m&sup2;)</td><td>519     (48.2)</td><td>519     (48.2)</td><td>519     (48.2)</td><td>519     (48.2)</td><td>519     (48.2)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">machine lbs. (kgs.)</td><td>1764 (800)</td><td>2365 (1073)</td><td>...</td><td>1411 (640)</td><td>1763 (800)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td>661 (300)</td><td>882 (400) </td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td>50 Renault</td><td>75 Renault  or 75 Chenu</td><td>50 Renault</td><td>75 Renault</td><td>100 Renault</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">max.&nbsp; m.p.h. (km.)</td><td>56 (90)</td><td>56  (90) </td><td>56  (90)</td><td>56  (90)</td><td>56 (90)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Endurance</b></td><td class="l">hrs.</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;The 1912-13 and 1913 types differ only in the adoption of metal in the 1913 models, which
+are consequently considerably lighter.</p>
+
+<p><i>General features.</i>&mdash;Warping wings. Fixed tail planes with two elevators in rear. Single rudder.
+Single tractor geared down 1 to 2. Type C carries 85 litres petrol; type C.M., 137 litres.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_096a.jpg" width="100%" alt='Astra. Military "C.M." 1913.' title="Astra. Military 'C.M.' 1913."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Astra.</span> Military "C.M." 1913.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_096b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Astra. Hydro-avion, 1913." title="Astra. Hydro-avion, 1913."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Astra.</span> Hydro-avion, 1913.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 80 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_80" id="Page_80">[Pg 80]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>B</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>BERTIN.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>L. Bertin, 23 rue de Rocroy, Paris. About 1908 Bertin began building helicopters.
+The machine below was exhibited in the 1913 Paris Salon.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_097.jpg" width="100%" alt="Bertin. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="Bertin. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">Bertin. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<table class="box" summary="Bertin" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"></th><th><b>1913.</b> Monoplane. 2-seater.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td>29  (8.80)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td>34 (10.40)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m&sup2;.)</td><td>226    (21)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">machine, lbs. (kgs.)</td><td>770 (350)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> </td><td class="l">useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td>...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td>100 Bertin</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">max  m.p.h. (km.)</td><td>71    (115)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td>1</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;Wood and steel construction. On wheels only. <i>Controls:</i> warping and rear elevator.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>BESSON.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p> Marcel Besson, 24 rue Marbeuf, Paris. Capacity: small. Besson first appeared in
+1911 with a tail-first mono. In the Paris Salon, 1913, he exhibited an improved machine along
+similar lines.</p>
+
+<table class="box" summary="Besson" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"></th><th><b>1913</b> <i>Canard</i> 2-seater.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td>22  (6.70)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td>44 (13.40)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m&sup2;.)</td><td>323    (30)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">machine, lbs. (kgs.)</td><td>730 (331.2) </td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">useful (kgs.)</td><td>...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td>70 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">m.p.h.(km.)</td><td>59     (95)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td>1</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;All steel construction. On wheels and 2 skids. <i>Control:</i> ailerons and front elevator.<!-- Page 81 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_81" id="Page_81">[Pg 81]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>BLERIOT Monoplanes.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>L. Bleriot, "Bleriot-Aeronautique," 39, Route de la R&eacute;volte,
+Paris-Levallois. Flying grounds: Buc Etampes and Pau.</p>
+
+<p>L. Bleriot began to experiment in 1906, along Langley lines. By 1909 he was one of the leading
+French firms; and the first cross Channel flight was made by him.</p>
+
+<p>Details of standard types:&mdash;</p>
+
+<table class="box" summary="Bleriot" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"></th><th><b>XI</b> <i>bis.</i> 2-seater mono. (<b>1911</b> onward)</th>
+<th><b>XXI.</b> Military side by side 2-seater mono. <b>1912.</b></th>
+<th><b>XXVII.</b> Single seat mono. <b>1912.</b></th>
+<th><b>XXVIII.</b> Single seater <b>1913.</b></th>
+<th><b>XXVIII.</b> 2-seater. <b>1913.</b></th>
+<th>Monocoque 2-seater <b>1913.</b></th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m)</td><td>27-1/3  (8.40)</td><td>27&frac14; (8.24)</td><td>28    (8.50)</td><td>25    (7.60)</td><td>27    (8.20)</td><td>...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m)</td><td>36        (11)</td><td>36       (11)</td><td>29&frac12;   (9)</td><td> 29    (8.80)</td><td>32    (9.75)</td><td>40 (12.25)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. ft. (m&sup2;.)</td><td>349       (33)</td><td>268       (25)</td><td>129      (12)</td><td>162      (15)</td><td>215      (20)</td><td>270    (25)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">unladen, lbs. (kgs)</td><td>...</td><td>727 (330)</td><td>529 (240)</td><td>530 (240)</td><td>660 (300)</td><td>830 (375)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">useful&nbsp; lbs. (kgs.)</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>286 (129)</td><td>550(250)</td><td>...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td>50 Gnome</td><td>70 Gnome</td><td>70 Gnome</td><td>50 Gnome</td><td>70 Gnome</td><td>80 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td>56 (90)</td><td>56 (90)</td><td>78 (125)</td><td>62 (100)</td><td>71 (115)</td><td>75 (120)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">min.&nbsp; m.p.h. (km.)</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Endurance</b></td><td class="l">hrs.</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td><td>...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Note.</i>&mdash;The monos., as usual, are of wood construction; wheels only for landing. Rectangular section
+bodies. Warping wings, elevator in rear. Chauviere propeller. The monocoque has wood, steel and
+cork construction. Coque body. Skids to landing chassis. Levasseur propeller. Otherwise as the other
+monos.</p>
+
+<p>Principal <i>Bleriot</i> flyers are or have been:&mdash;Aubrun, Balsan, Bleriot, Busson, Chavez, Cordonnier, Delagrange,
+Drexel, Efimoff, Gibbs, Hubert, Hamel, Moissant, Paulhan, Prevetau, Prevot, Prier, Radley, Thorup,
+Tyck, Wienzciers, and many others.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_098a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Bleriot XI bis." title="Bleriot XI bis."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Bleriot</span> XI <i>bis.</i></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_098b.jpg" width="100%" alt="1913 type of XI bis. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="1913 type of XI bis. Uniform Aeroplane Scale"/>
+<div class="left">1913 type of XI <i>bis.</i> Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_098c.jpg" width="100%" alt="Bleriot XXVII." title="Bleriot XXVII."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Bleriot</span> XXVII.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 82 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_82" id="Page_82">[Pg 82]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_099a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Bleriot XXI. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="Bleriot XXI. Uniform Aeroplane Scale"/>
+<div class="left">General standard type of <i>Bleriot</i> 1912 &amp; 1913. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p class="hanging"><b>Special types of Bleriots.</b>&mdash;In addition to the standard machines, Bleriot from time to time produces
+special machines, of which the best known is the <i>Limousine</i>, built for M. Deutsch de la Meurthe, built
+1911 and still existing. One or two Canards have also been built, including an armoured military.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_099b.jpg" width="100%" alt="BLERIOT-LIMOUSINE. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="BLERIOT-LIMOUSINE. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">BLERIOT-LIMOUSINE. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p>Early in 1913 a special experimental military machine was produced with considerable secrecy.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_099c.jpg" width="100%" alt="BLERIOT MILITARY. Special 1913 military. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="BLERIOT MILITARY. Special 1913 military. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">BLERIOT MILITARY. Special 1913 military. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 83 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_83" id="Page_83">[Pg 83]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>BOREL.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>G. Borel &amp; Cie, 25 rue Brunel, Paris. Established 1910. Capacity: about 25 machines
+a year.</p>
+
+<table class="box" summary="BOREL" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2">Model.</th>
+<th><b>1913.</b> Monoplane.</th>
+<th><b>1913.</b> Monocoque Racer.</th>
+<th><b>1913.</b> Hydro-mono. 2-seater.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2"><b>Length</b></td><td>22 feet   (6.70 m.)</td><td>19 feet   (5.80 m.)</td><td>27 feet   (8.30 m.)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2"><b>Span</b></td><td>30 feet   (9.15 m.)</td><td>26 feet   (8.00 m.)</td><td>37 feet  (11.25 m.)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2"><b>Area</b></td><td>152 sq. ft. (14 m&sup2;.)</td><td>116 sq. ft. (11 m&sup2;.)</td><td>237 sq. ft. (22 m&sup2;.)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">total</td><td>530 lbs. (240 kgs.)</td><td>608 lbs. (276 kgs.)</td><td>880 lbs. (399 kgs.)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">useful</td><td>287 lbs. (130 kgs.)</td><td>...</td><td>...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2"><b>Motor</b></td><td>50 Gnome</td><td>80 Gnome</td><td>80 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">(p.h.)</td><td>71 m. (115 km.)</td><td>94 m. (150 km.)</td><td>62 m. (100 km.)</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Note.</i>&mdash;The monocoque is of wood and steel construction, the others wood only. The monocoque has
+coque body, the others ordinary rectangular section. Floats of the hydro as illustrated. For the rest the
+ordinary mono. is practically on the same lines as the 1912. The racer is somewhat on <i>Deperdussin</i> lines,
+but the body is built up inside. No fixed tail. The hydro. is an enlarged edition of the mono. Floats
+display nothing very original, except that a float under tail is interconnected with the rudder, and that
+the two front floats are fitted for being rowed. Fitted with a self-starter.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_100a.jpg" width="100%" alt='1913 Borel. Hydro-avion. By favour of "Flight." Uniform Aeroplane Scale' title='1913 Borel. Hydro-avion. By favour of "Flight." Uniform Aeroplane Scale' />
+<div class="left">1913 <span class="smcap">Borel</span>. Hydro-avion. <i>By favour of "Flight."</i> Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_100b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Hydro-avion." title="Hydro-avion." />
+<div class="left">Hydro-avion.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p>There is also a Denhaut design, 1913, about the same as a <i>Donnet-Leveque</i>.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_100c.jpg" width="100%" alt="Borel. Monocoque. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="Borel. Monocoque. Uniform Aeroplane Scale"/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Borel.</span> Monocoque. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 84 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_84" id="Page_84">[Pg 84]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>BREGUET.</i></b></h4>
+<p>Soc. Anonyme des ateliers d'aviation, Louis Breguet, 16 Boulevard Vauban, Donai
+(Nord). Capacity: about 200 machines a year. Paris office: 25, Boulevard Jules Sandeau.
+Schools at La Brayelle, pris Douai, V&eacute;lisy-Villacoublay, pris Paris.</p>
+
+
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="BREGUET" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+<th class="r" colspan="2"><b>1913 models.</b></th>
+<th><b>G2</b> bis. 2 or 3-seater biplane.</th>
+<th><b>G3. 3-seater</b> biplane.</th>
+<th><b>C-U1.</b> 2-seater biplane.</th>
+<th><b>C-U2.</b> 2-seater biplane.</th>
+<th>A�rhydroplane tandem mono. 2-seater, side by side.</th>
+</tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m)</td><td> 33 (10)</td><td> 29 (8.75)</td><td> 29 (8.75)</td><td> 29 (8.75)</td><td> 29 (8.75)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" ><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m)</td><td> 49 (15)</td><td> 45 (13.65)</td><td> 45 (13.65)</td><td> 45 (13.65)</td><td> 42 (12.80)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" ><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m�)</td><td> 376 (35)</td><td> 377 (36)</td><td> 387 (36)</td><td> 387 (36)</td><td> 387 (36)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" ><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">empty, lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1323 (600)</td><td> 1212 (550)</td><td> 1430 (649)</td><td> 1160 (522)</td><td> 1760 (798)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" ></td><td class="l">useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 662 (300)</td><td> 882 (400)</td><td> 662 (300)</td><td> 882 (400)</td><td> 662 (300)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" ><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td> 80 Gnome</td><td> 100 Gnome</td><td> 80 Canton Unm�.</td><td> 110 Canton Unm�.</td><td> 110 Canton Unm�.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" ><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 62 (100)</td><td> 69 (110)</td><td> 62 (100)</td><td> 71 (115)</td><td> 87 (140)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" ></td><td class="l">min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 62 (100)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" ><b>Endurance</b></td><td class="l">hrs.</td><td> 3-1/2</td><td> 4</td><td> 7</td><td> 7</td><td> 7</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td>A total of 41 sold</td><td> during 1912 for</td><td> military purposes.</td><td></td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>In each case.</i>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p class="hanging"><b>Construction.</b>&mdash;All steel.</p>
+
+<p class="hanging"><b>Landing chassis.</b>&mdash;C consists of three wheels each protected by skids. The two main wheels, placed on
+either side of the centre of gravity, are fitted with patent "Oleopneumatic" shock absorbers. The
+steering wheel and the front skid have a spring suspension.</p>
+
+<p class="hanging"><b>Military machines.</b>&mdash;The 1912 sales of these were:&mdash;32 to France; 5 British; 3 Italian; 1 Swedish.</p>
+
+<p class="hanging"><b>Steering.</b>&mdash;The patented control system consists of a wheel mounted on a pivoted lever. The backward
+and forward movement of the entire system operates the elevator: the sideway movement warps the
+rear edge of the upper wings, and the rotation of the wheel steers the machine. The latter operation
+also governs the front wheel of the landing chassis, so that when on the ground the machine can be
+steered like a motor car.</p>
+
+<p class="hanging"><b>Portability.</b>&mdash;The main planes can be folded alongside of the fuselage. The machine can then be towed
+on any ordinary road, or be housed in places such as farm buildings, stables, &amp;c.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_101a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Aerhydroplane, 1913-14." title="Aerhydroplane, 1913-14." />
+<div class="left">Aerhydroplane, 1913-14.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_101b.jpg" width="100%" alt="BREGUET. Hydro. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="BREGUET. Hydro. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">BREGUET. Hydro. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 85 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_85" id="Page_85">[Pg 85]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_102a.jpg" width="100%" alt="BREGUET. Biplane. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="BREGUET. Biplane. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">BREGUET. Biplane. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_102b.jpg" width="100%" alt="BR&Eacute;GUET. 1912-13, G3 type 3-seater military. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="BR&Eacute;GUET. 1912-13, G3 type 3-seater military. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">BR&Eacute;GUET. 1912-13, G3 type 3-seater military. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 86 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_86" id="Page_86">[Pg 86]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3>C</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>CAUDRON.</i></b></h4>
+<p>Caudron Fr&eacute;res, Rue (Somme). Schools: Crotoy and Juvissy. Capacity: about
+100-250 a year.</p>
+
+<table class="box" summary="CAUDRON" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r" colspan="2">Model and Date.</th>
+ <th class="r"> <b>M2</b> 1912-13 mono.</th>
+ <th class="r"> <b>N.</b> 1912-13 mono.</th>
+ <th class="r"> <b>G.D.</b> 1912-13 mono.</th>
+ <th class="r"><b>1913</b> mono.</th>
+ <th class="r"> <b>B.</b> 1912-13 biplane.</th>
+ <th class="r"> <b>E.</b> 1912-13 biplane.</th>
+ <th class="r"> Monaco type, 1912 hydro-biplane.</th>
+ <th class="r"><b>1913</b> hydro-biplane.</th>
+</tr>
+
+<tr><td class="r" ><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 20 (6.10)</td><td> 19-3/4 (6)</td><td> 22 (6.75)</td><td> 19-1/4 (5.80)</td><td> 26-1/4 (8)</td><td> 23-1/2 (7.15)</td><td> 22 (6.75)</td><td> 32-3/4 (10)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" ><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 31 (9.40)</td><td> 26-1/3 (8)</td><td> 34 (10.30)</td><td> 27-1/3 (8.50)</td><td> 32-3/4 (10)</td><td> 35-1/2 (10.80)</td><td> 33 (10.10)</td><td> 46 (14)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" ><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 151 (14)</td><td> 108 (10)</td><td> 268 (25)</td><td> 118 (11)</td><td> 431 (40)</td><td> 301 (28)</td><td> 268 (25)</td><td> 376 (35)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" ><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">machine, lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 518 (235)</td><td> 496 (225)</td><td> 386 (175)</td><td> 490 (225)</td><td> 683 (310)</td><td> 640 (295)</td><td> 772 (350)</td><td> 882 (400)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" ><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td> 50 Anzani or Gnome</td><td> 50 Anzani</td><td> Anzani or Gnome</td><td> 50 Gnome.</td><td> Anzani or Gnome</td><td> Gnome</td><td> Gnome</td><td> 70 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" ><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 71 (115)</td><td> 84 (135)</td><td> 75 (120)</td><td> 84</td><td> 56 (90)</td><td> 56 (90)</td><td> 50 (80)</td><td> 50 (80)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+
+<tr>
+ <td class="r bt" colspan="8"><i>Notes.</i>--Lateral control, warping. Wood construction. On wheels. Enclosed body.</td>
+ <td class="bt" colspan="2">Lateral control, warping. Wood construction. On wheels as well as floats. (Special Caudron patent.)</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_103.jpg" width="100%" alt='1912 hydro. By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A. Uniform Aeroplane Scale' title='1912 hydro. By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A. Uniform Aeroplane Scale' />
+<div class="left">1912 hydro. <i>By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A.</i> Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 87 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_87" id="Page_87">[Pg 87]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_104a.jpg" width="100%" alt="CAUDRON. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="CAUDRON. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">CAUDRON. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_104b.jpg" width="100%" alt="1913 hydro. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="1913 hydro. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">1913 hydro. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_104c.jpg" width="100%" alt='CAUDRON. Mono. By favour of "Flight." Uniform Aeroplane Scale' title='CAUDRON. Mono. By favour of "Flight." Uniform Aeroplane Scale' />
+<div class="left">CAUDRON. Mono. <i>By favour of "Flight."</i> Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>CLEMENT-BAYARD.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Usines Clement-Bayard, 33 quai Michelet, Levallois-Perret (Seine).</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_104d.jpg" width="100%" alt="Clement-Bayard" title="Clement-Bayard" />
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="Clement-Bayard" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r" colspan="2"></th>
+ <th> 1913. Military 3-seater biplane.</th>
+ <th> 1913. Military single seater monoplane.</th>
+</tr>
+
+<tr><td class="r">Length</td><td class="l"> feet (m)</td><td> 37 (11.20)</td><td> 24-2/3 (7.50)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">Span</td><td class="l"> upper feet (m)</td><td> 52 (16)</td><td> 30 (9.20)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">lower feet (m)</td><td> 36 (11)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">Area</td><td class="l"> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 533 (50)</td><td> 172 (16)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">Weight</td><td class="l"> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 2425 (1100)</td><td> 1146 (520)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1014 (460)</td><td> 441 (200)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">Motor</td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> 100 Gnome</td><td> 70 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">Speed</td><td class="l"> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 53 (85)</td><td> 75 (120)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">Endurance</td><td class="l">hrs.</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;<i>Control</i>: lateral, warping.<!-- Page 88 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_88" id="Page_88">[Pg 88]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3>D</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>D'ARTOIS.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Soc. Anonyme des Anciens Chantiers Tellier, Longuenesse, pres St. Omer.
+Re-established 1912. Capacity: small.</p>
+
+<table class="box" summary="D'ARTOIS" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r" colspan="2">Model and date.</th>
+ <th><b>1913</b> model. "Aero torpille" hydro-biplane.</th>
+ <th><b>1913</b> "Aero torpille" biplane.</th>
+</tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 23 (7)</td><td> 24-3/4 (7.50)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 36 (11)</td><td> 36 (11)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2"></td><td class="l">20 (6)</td><td> 20 (6)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 280 (26)</td><td> 280 (26)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">empty, lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 772 (350)</td><td> 551 (250)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td> 50 Gnome</td><td> 50 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 56 (90)</td><td> 84 (135)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Endurance</b></td><td class="l">hrs.</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;Single long boat body, canoe-shape.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_105.jpg" width="100%" alt='By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A. Uniform Aeroplane Scale' title='By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A. Uniform Aeroplane Scale' />
+<div class="left"><i>By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A.</i> Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 89 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_89" id="Page_89">[Pg 89]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<p><b><i>DEPERDUSSIN.</i></b> Armand Deperdussin, 19 rue des Entrepreneurs, Paris. School: Courey-Betheny
+(Marne). Established 1910. Capacity: about 150-200 machines a year.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="Deperdussin" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r" colspan="2"></th>
+ <th><b>E 1912-13.</b> school mono.</th>
+ <th><b>P 1912-13.</b> single seater mono.</th>
+ <th><b>T 1912-13.</b> 2-seater mono.</th>
+ <th> <b>H 1912-13.</b> 3-seater mono.</th>
+ <th> Monocoque <b>1913.</b> 2-seater.</th>
+ <th>Mono. <b>1913.</b> 2-seater.</th>
+</tr>
+<tr><td class="r" ><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m)</td><td> 24 (7.30)</td><td> 24 (7.30)</td><td> 24 (7.30)</td><td> 29 (8.80)</td><td> 19 (5.75)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" ><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m)</td><td> 29 (8.85)</td><td> 28 (8.50)</td><td> 35 (10.65)</td><td> 41 (12.50)</td><td> 29-1/2 (8.95)</td><td> 36 (11)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> ...</td><td> 162 (15)</td><td> ...</td><td> 310 (28)</td><td> 97 (9)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" ><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 661 (300)</td><td> 782 (355)</td><td> 1212 (550)</td><td> 2050 (930)</td><td> 882 (400)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" ></td><td class="l">useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" ><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td> 30 Anzani</td><td> 50 Gnome</td><td> 70 Gnome</td><td> 100 Gnome</td><td> 50 Gnome</td><td> 80 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" ><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 50 (80)</td><td> 69 (110)</td><td> 65 (105)</td><td> 69 (110)</td><td> 113 (180)</td><td> 105 (170)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" ></td><td class="l">min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 81 (130)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" ><b>Endurance</b></td><td class="l">hrs.</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 2</td><td> 5</td><td> 27</td><td> 3</td><td> 2</td><td> 1</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;Wood construction. Lateral control by warping. Mounted on wheels without skids. Fabric:
+"Aviator" Ramie.</p>
+
+<p>Principal <i>Deperdussin</i> records: 1912 Gordon Bennett (Vedrines) and a number of world records for speed
+and distance.</p>
+
+<p>Principal pilots include: Busson, Pr&eacute;vost, Vedrines, Vidart.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_106a.jpg" width="100%" alt="50 h.p. monocoque." title="50 h.p. monocoque." />
+<div class="left">50 h.p. monocoque.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_106b.jpg" width="100%" alt="DEPERDUSSIN. 80 h.p. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="DEPERDUSSIN. 80 h.p. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">DEPERDUSSIN. 80 h.p. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_106c.jpg" width="100%" alt="The 80 h.p. mounted on floats as a hydro." title="The 80 h.p. mounted on floats as a hydro." />
+<div class="left">The 80 h.p. mounted on floats as a hydro.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 90 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_90" id="Page_90">[Pg 90]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3><b><i>DONNET-LEVEQUE.</i></b></h3>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="DONNET-LEVEQUE." border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r" colspan="2"></th>
+ <th><b>A 1912.</b> 2-seater hydro-biplane</th>
+ <th><b>B 1912.</b> 2-seater hydro-biplane</th>
+ <th><b>C 1912.</b> 3-seater hydro-biplane</th>
+ <th><b>1913.</b> 2-seater hydro-biplane</th>
+</tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m)</td><td> 26 (7.80)</td><td> 27 (8.30)</td><td> 27 (8.30)</td><td> 34-1/2 (10.50)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m)</td><td> 29-1/2 (9)</td><td> 32-3/4 (10)</td><td> 34-1/2 (10.50)</td><td> 29-1/2 (9)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 194 (18)</td><td> 215 (20)</td><td> 237 (22)</td><td> 194 (18)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 683 (310)</td><td> 772 (350)</td><td> 888 (380)</td><td> 888 (380)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td> 50 Gnome</td><td> 70 Gnome</td><td> 80 Gnome</td><td> 50 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 69 (110)</td><td> 75 (120)</td><td> ...</td><td> 50 (80)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Endurance</b></td><td class="l">hrs.</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;Lateral control by warping ailerons. Motor in gap just below upper plane: propeller in rear,
+direct driven. Fabric: "Aviator" Ramie.</p>
+
+<p><i>Floats.</i>&mdash;One large central boat 27 feet (8.20 m.) long&mdash;two small ones at each extremity of lower plane.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_107a.jpg" width="100%" alt='By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A.' title='By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A.' />
+<div class="left"><i>By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A.</i></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_107b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 91 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_91" id="Page_91">[Pg 91]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>DOUTRE.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Soc. Anonyme Doutre, 58, rue Talbot, Paris.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="Doutre" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r" colspan="2">Type.</th>
+ <th> Biplane 3-seater, <b>1912-13.</b></th>
+ <th> Biplane 2-seater, <b>1912-13.</b></th>
+</tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 40 (12.25)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 53 (16.10)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"></td><td> 43 (13)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 533 (50)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">machine lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1323 (600)</td><td> 1323 (600)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 992 (450)</td><td> 992 (450)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td> 70 Renault</td><td> 50 Renault</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">max. m.p.h (km.)</td><td> 56 (90)</td><td> 56 (90)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 1</td><td> ?</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;Fabric: "Aviator" Ramie. Both types fitted with the Doutre patent stabiliser, which automatically
+and instantaneously counteracts troubles due to sudden gusts or partial motor failures.
+Weight of the 1913 model stabiliser is only 44 lbs. (20 kgs.)</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_108a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Model 1913 stabiliser." title="Model 1913 stabiliser." />
+<div class="left">Model 1913 stabiliser.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_108b.jpg" width="100%" alt="DOUTRE. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="DOUTRE. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">DOUTRE. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 92 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_92" id="Page_92">[Pg 92]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3>F</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>FARMAN.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Henry and Maurice Farman, 167, Rue de Silly, Billancourt (Seine) Aerodromes:
+Buc, pres Versailles and Etampes. Depots: Camp de Chalons&mdash;Reims. Established by H. Farman
+in 1908. M. Farman established works a little later. In 1912 the two brothers combined. The
+present works were opened in January, 1912, and had an output capacity of at least 300 machines a
+year in March, 1913.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="Farman" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r" colspan="2"></th>
+ <th><i>H. Farman.</i> Military. 2 or 3-seater. <b>1912-13.</b> Biplane.</th>
+ <th><i>H. Farman.</i> Single-seater. Military. <b>1913.</b> Biplane.</th>
+ <th><i>H. Farman.</i> 2-seater monoplane.</th>
+ <th><i>H. Farman.</i> 2-seater special hydro-biplane. <b>1913.</b></th>
+ <th><i>M. Farman.</i> Military biplane.</th>
+ <th><i>M. Farman.</i> Big military biplane.</th>
+ <th><i>M. Farman.</i> Staggered biplane.</th>
+</tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 26-1/4 (8)</td><td> 24 (7.35)</td><td> 24-1/2 (7.50)</td><td> 26 (7.90)</td><td> 39-1/3 (12)</td><td> 46 (14)</td><td> 39 (11.90)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 42-3/4 (13.25)</td><td> 31-1/8 (9.50)</td><td> 32-3/4 (10)</td><td> 45 (13.70)</td><td> 50-3/4 (15.50)</td><td> 65-3/4 (20)</td><td> 36 (11)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 376 (35)</td><td> 161 (15)</td><td> 204 (19)</td><td> 344 (32)</td><td> 646 (60)</td><td> 861 (80)</td><td> 323 (30)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 793 (360)</td><td> 640 (295)</td><td> 628 (285)</td><td> 950 (431)</td><td> 1102 (500)</td><td> 1433 (650)</td><td> 882 (400)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 661 (300)</td><td> 386 (175)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 617 (280)</td><td> 882 (400)</td><td> 551 (250)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td> 70-80 Gnome</td><td> 70-80 Gnome</td><td> Designed for Gnomes from 40 up to 160 h.p.</td><td> 50 Gnome</td><td> 70 Renault</td><td> 70 Renault</td><td> 70 Renault</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">max. m.p.h. (km)</td><td> 65 (105)</td><td> 71 (15)</td><td> ...</td><td> 52 (100)</td><td> 56 (90)</td><td> 44 (70)</td><td> 69 (110)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">min. m.p.h. (km)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Endurance</b></td><td class="l">hrs.</td><td> 3</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;The whole of the above can easily be converted into hydro-avions&mdash;two long narrow floats
+without steps. <i>H. Farmans</i> are of wood and steel construction; <i>M. Farman</i>, wood. In all 1913 biplanes
+the ailerons are inter-connected. All 1913 machines designed to carry one or in some cases two
+mitrailleuse, and special attention is paid to facility for taking down for transport and re-assembling.
+The 1911-12 <i>H. Farmans</i> had elevators forward, were a good deal longer, and had more surface than
+1913 models. Ailerons not inter-connected. The <i>M. Farmans</i> generally as now, except that all planes,
+etc., had rounded edges. On September 11th, 1912, Foury, in an <i>M. Farman</i> military, made world's
+endurance record to date, 13 hrs. 22 min., covering 631 miles (1,017 km.) All models of this type, also
+the "big military," are fitted with the Doutre stabiliser. Fabric: "Aviator" Ramie.</p>
+
+<p><b>Latest Hydro.</b>&mdash;In March, 1913, a new hydro was produced
+experimentally. There is a boat body, without steps, carrying
+the motor which is chain connected with the propeller. Machine
+is fitted with wheels and skids as well.<!-- Page 93 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_93" id="Page_93">[Pg 93]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_110a.jpg" width="100%" alt="H. Farman. 1912-13 military biplane." title="H. Farman. 1912-13 military biplane."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">H. Farman.</span> 1912-13 military biplane.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_110b.jpg" width="100%" alt="H. Farman. 1913 latest type military biplane." title="H. Farman. 1913 latest type military biplane."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">H. Farman.</span> 1913 latest type military biplane.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_110c.jpg" width="100%" alt="M. Farman. 1912-13 military biplane." title="M. Farman. 1912-13 military biplane."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">M. Farman.</span> 1912-13 military biplane.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_110c.jpg" width="100%" alt="M. Farman. 1912-13 staggered biplane. This is the type which has done best as a hydro-aeroplane." title="M. Farman. 1912-13 staggered biplane. This is the type which has done best as a hydro-aeroplane."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">M. Farman.</span> 1912-13 staggered biplane. This is the type which has done best as a hydro-aeroplane.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<p><!-- Page 94 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_94" id="Page_94">[Pg 94]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3>G</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>GOUPY.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>A. Goupy, 50, Avenue Marceau, Paris. School: Juvissy (Port Aviation). Capacity:
+about 30 machines a year.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="Goupy" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r" colspan="2">Model and date.</th>
+ <th><b>1913 A.</b> Staggered biplane.</th>
+ <th><b>1913 B.</b> Staggered biplane.</th>
+ <th><b>1913.</b> Hydro-staggered biplane.</th>
+</tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 25 (7.50)</td><td> 26-1/4 (8)</td><td> 33 (10)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 26-1/4 (8)</td><td> 42-3/4 (13)</td><td> 42 (12.70)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m�)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 480 (45)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">machine lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 992 (450)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 661 (300)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td> 50 Gnome</td><td> 80 or 100 Gnome</td><td> 80 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l"> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 62 (100)</td><td> 75 (120)</td><td> 75 (120)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Endurance</b></td><td class="l">hrs.</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> ...</td><td> 12</td><td> 1</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>Fabric: "Aviator" Ramie.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_111a.jpg" width="100%" alt='Goupy. Hydro. From "Flight." Uniform Aeroplane Scale' title='Goupy. Hydro. From "Flight." Uniform Aeroplane Scale'/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Goupy.</span> Hydro. <i>From "Flight."</i> Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_111b.jpg" width="100%" alt='Goupy. Hydro. By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A. Uniform Aeroplane Scale' title='Goupy. Hydro. By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A. Uniform Aeroplane Scale'/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Goupy.</span> Hydro. <i>By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A.</i> Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 95 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_95" id="Page_95">[Pg 95]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3>H</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>HANRIOT.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Aeroplanes Hanriot &amp; Cie., 145 rue de Neufchatel, Reims. Paris office: 69 boulevard
+Berthier, Paris. School: Antibes, Reims.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="Hanriot" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r" colspan="2"><b>1913</b> models. <b>Monoplanes.</b></th>
+ <th> <b>D I.</b> Single seater.</th>
+ <th> <b>D II.</b> 2 or 3-seater.</th>
+ <th> <b>D III.</b> Racer.</th>
+ <th> <b>D IV.</b> Steel.</th>
+ <th> <b>D VII.</b></th>
+</tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td  class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 23 (7)</td><td> 26-1/3 (8)</td><td> 21-3/4 (6.65)</td><td> 23 (7)</td><td> 23 (7)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td  class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 28-1/3 (8.70)</td><td> 42-3/4 (13)</td><td> 24 (7.30)</td><td> 28-1/3 (8.65)</td><td> 36 (10.95)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td  class="l">sq. feet (m�)</td><td> 161 (15)</td><td> 226 (21)</td><td> 91 (8.50)</td><td> 161 (15)</td><td> 194 (18)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td  class="l">machine lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 661 (300)</td><td> 937 (425)</td><td> 661 (300)</td><td> 661 (300)</td><td> 771 (350)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> </td><td  class="l">useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> 616 (280)</td><td> ...</td><td> 396 (180)</td><td> 364 (165)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td  class="l">h.p.</td><td> 50 Anzani</td><td> 100 Gnome</td><td> 100 Gnome</td><td> 50 R. Peugeot</td><td> 80 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td  class="l">max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 69 (110)</td><td> 78 (125)</td><td> 106 (170)</td><td> 71 (115)</td><td> 71 (115)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> </td><td  class="l">min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Endurance</b></td><td  class="l">hrs.</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;There are also two school types 35 and 45 h.p. Records include 1912 world record for speed
+with passengers.</p>
+
+<p>None of the above machines represent any very particular divergence from recognised <i>Hanriot</i> practice.
+<i>D IV</i> is all steel construction, the others wood and steel.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_112.jpg" width="100%" alt='Hanriot' title='Hanriot'/>
+<div class="left">Hanriot</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 96 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_96" id="Page_96">[Pg 96]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3>M</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>MORANE-SAULNIER.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Soc. de constructions a&eacute;ronautiques, Morane-Saulnier. 206 Boulevard
+Pereire. Capital: 1,500,000 francs. School: Villacoublay. Output capacity: about 50 machines
+a year.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="Morane-Saulnier" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r" colspan="2"></th>
+ <th><b>Military, 1913.</b></th>
+ <th><b>2 places. Tandem.</b></th>
+</tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 21 (6.38)</td><td> 21 (6.38)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 30-1/5 (9.20)</td><td> 33-1/2 (10.20)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Surface</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 151 (14)</td><td> 172 (16)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 595 (270)</td><td> 617 (280)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> </td><td class="l">useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td> 50 h.p.</td><td> 80 h.p.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 75 (120)</td><td> 75 (120)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>In each case <b>body</b> is of rectangular section, wood, mounted on wheels only, except for the <b>military</b>
+type which has skids also. Fabric: "Aviator" Ramie.</p>
+
+<p>In all there is a rear elevator and a Chauvi&egrave;re tractor.</p>
+
+<p><i>Note.</i>&mdash;Flown in the European Circuit, 1911, by Vedrines, Gajet, Lesire, Morisson, Verept, Frey, Garnier
+and Dalgier.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_113a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Morane-Saulnier" title="Morane-Saulnier" />
+<div class="left">Morane-Saulnier</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_113b.jpg" width="100%" alt="1913. 100 h.p. Gnome engined." title="1913. 100 h.p. Gnome engined." />
+<div class="left">1913. 100 h.p. Gnome engined.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 97 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_97" id="Page_97">[Pg 97]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>MOREAU.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Moreau fr&eacute;res, Combs-la-Ville.</p>
+
+<table class="box" summary="Moreau" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r" colspan="2">Model and date.</th>
+ <th><b>1913.</b> 2-seater.</th>
+</tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 31 (9.50)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 39-1/3 (12)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 258 (24)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">machine lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 992 (450)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td> 70 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 62 (100)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 2</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;Fitted with a special stabilising device.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_114.jpg" width="100%" alt="MOREAU. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="MOREAU. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">MOREAU. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 98 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_98" id="Page_98">[Pg 98]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3>N</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>NIEUPORT.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Etablissements Nieuport, 9 rue de Seine, Suresnes (Seine). Established 1910 by
+the late Edouard Nieuport. Approximate capacity of works: about 100 machines a year. Chief
+designer during 1911 was Pagny, who has now joined the Hanriot firm.</p>
+
+<table class="box" summary="Nieuport" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r" colspan="2">Model and date. <b>Monoplanes.</b></th>
+ <th> <b>II N,</b> <b>1912.</b></th>
+ <th> <b>II G,</b> <b>1912.</b></th>
+ <th> <b>IV G, 1912-13.</b> 2-seater.</th>
+ <th> <b>IV M, 1912-13.</b> 3-seater.</th>
+ <th> <b>1913.</b> 2-seater.</th>
+ <th> <b>1913.</b> 1-seater.</th>
+ <th> <b>1913.</b> 1-seater.</th>
+ <th> <b>1913.</b> Hydro 3-seater.</th>
+</tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 23-2/3 (7.20)</td><td> 23-2/3 (7.20)</td><td> 25-2/3 (7.80)</td><td> 25-2/3 (7.80)</td><td> 26-1/4 (8)</td><td> 21-3/4 (6.60)</td><td> 23 (7)</td><td> 29 (8.80)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 28-1/3 (8.65)</td><td> 28-1/3 (8.65)</td><td> 36 (10.90)</td><td> 39-1/3 (12.10)</td><td> 36 (11)</td><td> 28-1/3 (8.70)</td><td> 27-2/3 (8.40)</td><td> 40 (12.20)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 231 (21-1/2)</td><td> 140 (13)</td><td> 156 (14-1/2)</td><td> 242 (22-1/2)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">machine lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 529 (240)</td><td> 683 (310)</td><td> 771 (350)</td><td> 1058 (480)</td><td> 771 (350)</td><td> 573 (260)</td><td> 573 (260)</td><td> 1230 (558)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> </td><td class="l">useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td> 30 Nieuport</td><td> Gnome</td><td> Gnome</td><td> Gnome</td><td> Gnome</td><td> 50 Gnome</td><td> 30 Nieuport</td><td> 100 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 75 (120)</td><td> 87 (140)</td><td> 72 (117)</td><td> 72 (117)</td><td> 69 (110)</td><td> 78 (125)</td><td> 69 (110)</td><td> 72 (117)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> </td><td class="l">min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> 75 (120)</td><td> 69 (110)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;Early types had a <i>Hanriot</i> style landing carriage; the 1913 models revert to a <i>Bleriot</i> type.
+Warping wings. Fuselage entirely enclosed, rectilineal with rounded nose.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_115.jpg" width="100%" alt='Nieuport. Hydro. By favour of "Flight." Uniform Aeroplane Scale' title='Nieuport. Hydro. By favour of "Flight." Uniform Aeroplane Scale'/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Nieuport.</span> Hydro. <i>By favour of "Flight."</i> Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 99 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_99" id="Page_99">[Pg 99]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3>P</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>PAULHAN-CURTISS.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Soc. anonyme d'aviation Paulhan, (S.A.P.) 71 boulevard Berthier,
+Paris. Flying ground: Bois d'Arcy par St. Ayr (S. et O.) Hydro school: Juan-les-Pins, par Antibes
+(Alpes Maritimes).</p>
+
+<p>Founded by the well-known aviator, L. Paulhan. He first produced biplanes, then triplanes and
+finally a monoplane type, the <i>Tatin-Paulhan</i> (1911). These are now all abandoned, and the firm
+devotes itself to building hydro-aeroplanes under Curtiss (U.S.A.) license. Principal type built are:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="PAULHAN-CURTISS" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r" colspan="2">Model and date. <b>Biplanes.</b></th>
+ <th> Flying boat. Single-seater.</th>
+ <th> Flying boat. 2-seater.</th>
+</tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> ...</td><td> 27 (8.30)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l">feet (m.)</td><td> 35-1/2 (10.80)</td><td> 37 (11.30)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l">sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> ...</td><td> 290 (26-3/4)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">machine lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> 948 (430)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> </td><td class="l">useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l">h.p.</td><td> 75 Curtiss</td><td> 85 Curtiss</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 2</td><td> 8</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>PISCHOFF.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>&Eacute;tablissements Autoplan, 4 rue Beranger, Boulogne sur Seine (Seine).</p>
+
+<p>This firm has produced various types in the past, but at present, appears confined to constructing to
+specifications (See <i>Pischoff-Werner</i> last edition).</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_116.jpg" width="100%" alt="Paulhan-Curtiss. Flying boat." title="Paulhan-Curtiss. Flying boat."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Paulhan-Curtiss.</span> Flying boat.</div>
+</div>
+<p><!-- Page 100 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_100" id="Page_100">[Pg 100]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3>R</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>R.E.P.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Robert Esnault-Pelterie, Billancourt. School: Bue. One of the earliest established French
+firms. The first to go in for steel construction. Reported to have amalgamated with <i>Breguet</i> in 1912,
+but this fell through.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="R.E.P." border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r" colspan="2"> Model. <b>Steel monoplanes.</b></th>
+ <th> <b>1912.</b> 1-seater.</th>
+ <th> <b>1912.</b> 2-seater.</th>
+ <th> <b>1912.</b> Military. 3-seater.</th>
+ <th> <b>1913.</b> 2-seater.</th>
+ <th> <b>1913.</b> Hydro-mono. 2-seater.</th>
+</tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 25-1/3 (7.70)</td><td> 25-1/3 (7.70)</td><td> 25-1/3 (7.70)</td><td> 23 (7)</td><td> 25 (7.50)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 35 (10.70)</td><td> 38-1/3 (11.70)</td><td> 38-1/3 (11.70)</td><td> 36 (11)</td><td> 38-1/4 (11.60)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l"> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 215 (20)</td><td> 237 (22)</td><td> 323 (30)</td><td> 237 (22)</td><td> 323 (20)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l"> machine lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 882 (400)</td><td> 661 (300)</td><td> 882 (400)</td><td> 595 (270)</td><td> ...</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> </td><td class="l">useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> make and h.p.</td><td> 60 Rep.</td><td> 66 Rep.</td><td> 90 Rep.</td><td> 95 Rep.</td><td> 80 Rep.</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">max. mph. (km.)</td><td> 69 (110)</td><td> 69 (110)</td><td> 69 (110)</td><td> 78 (125)</td><td> 78 (125)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> </td><td class="l">min. mph. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 62 (100)</td><td> 62 (100)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Remarks</i>:&mdash;Steel construction. Pentagonal and triangular body. Mounted on wheels and skids.
+The hydro is on one very large central float.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_117.jpg" width="100%" alt="Flight. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="Flight. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left"><i>Flight.</i> Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 101 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_101" id="Page_101">[Pg 101]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3>S</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>SANCHEZ BESA.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>2 avenue de Villiers, Paris.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="SANCHEZ BESA." border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r" colspan="2"> Model and date.</th>
+ <th> <b>1912.</b> Hydro-biplane.</th>
+ <th> <b>1912.</b> Hydro-biplane.</th>
+ <th> <b>1913.</b> Hydro-biplane. (amphibious)</th>
+</tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 34 (10.40)</td><td> ...</td><td> 32-3/4 (10)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 54 (16.40)</td><td> 55-3/4 (17)</td><td> 54-3/4 (16.60)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l"> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 646 (60)</td><td> ...</td><td> 646 (60)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l"> �vide lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1984 (900)</td><td> ...</td><td> 1102 (500)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> 100 Renault</td><td> 70 Renault</td><td> 70 Renault</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l"> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 56 (90)</td><td> ...</td><td> 50 (80)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Endurance</b></td><td class="l"> hrs.</td><td> 5</td><td> 5</td><td> 6</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 3</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;Wood and steel construction.</p>
+
+<p><i>Controls.</i>&mdash;Ailerons and rear elevators. Floats: The first has two and the second three floats. The 1913
+model has a single boat body mounted on wheels.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_118.jpg" width="100%" alt="1913 hydro." title="1913 hydro." />
+<div class="left">1913 hydro.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 102 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_102" id="Page_102">[Pg 102]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>SAVARY.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Soc. anonyme des aeroplanes. Robert Savary, 31 rue Dunois, Paris. School: Chartres.
+Output capacity: 100 to 150 machines a year.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="SAVARY." border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r" colspan="2"> Model and date.</th>
+ <th> <b>1912.</b> Biplane.</th>
+ <th> <b>1912.</b> Military (3-seater.)</th>
+ <th> <b>1913.</b> Biplane.</th>
+</tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 36 (11)</td><td> 33-1/2 (10.15)</td><td> 38-1/2 (11.70)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 46 (14)</td><td> 49 (14.90)</td><td> 49-1/4 (15)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"></td><td> 33 (10)</td><td> 37 (11.20)</td><td> 33 (10)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l"> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 510 (48)</td><td> 533 (50)</td><td> 550 (52)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l"> machine lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1132 (600)</td><td> ...</td><td> 1132 (600)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> various</td><td> 70 Labor</td><td> 75 Renault(Gnome or Labor)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">max m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 56 (90)</td><td> ...</td><td> 59 (96)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">min m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 50 (80)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td  class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> ...</td><td> 47</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;Wood and steel construction. <i>Control</i>: ailerons and rear elevator. Landing gear: wheels and
+skids. <i>Special features</i>: There are 4 rudders in the gap, and 2 tractors, chain driven. Aeroplatte fabric.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_119.jpg" width="100%" alt="SAVARY. 1913. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="SAVARY. 1913. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">SAVARY. 1913. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 103 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_103" id="Page_103">[Pg 103]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>SLOAN. "Bicurve."</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Sloan &amp; Cie, 17 rue de Louvre, Paris. Works: 9 rue Victor
+Hugo, Charenton. Flying ground: Port Aviation. Output capacity: small.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary='SLOAN. "Bicurve."' border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r" colspan="2"> Model and date.</th>
+ <th> <b>1912.</b></th>
+ <th> <b>1913.</b></th>
+</tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 31-1/3 (9.50)</td><td> 29 (8.70)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 42-3/4 (13)</td><td> 42-1/2 (12.90)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l"> sq. feet (m�)</td><td> 527 (49)</td><td> 473 (44)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l">machine lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1100 (500)</td><td> 662 (300)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> 100 Gnome</td><td> 120 Laviator</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l">max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 59 (95)</td><td> 65 (105)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;Wood construction. Wheels and skids landing gear. <i>Control</i>: ailerons and rear elevator.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_120.jpg" width="100%" alt="Sloan." title="Sloan." />
+<div class="left">Sloan.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 104 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_104" id="Page_104">[Pg 104]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>SOMMER.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Ateliers Roger Sommer, Mouzon, Ardennes. Flying grounds: Douzy, Mourmelon,
+Vidamm&eacute;.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" style="border-top:0" summary="SOMMER." border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r" colspan="2"></th>
+ <th colspan="2"> <b>Monoplanes.</b></th>
+ <th colspan="5"> <b>Biplanes.</b></th>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+ <th class="r" colspan="2"> Model and date.</th>
+ <th> <b>E 1912.</b></th>
+ <th> <b>1913.</b></th>
+ <th> <b>K 1912.</b> Single seater.</th>
+ <th> <b>R 1912.</b> 2 or 3-seater</th>
+ <th> <b>S 1912.</b></th>
+ <th> <b>L 1912.</b></th>
+ <th> <b>R3 1913.</b> 2 or 3-seater</th>
+</tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 22 (6.70)</td><td> 23 (7)</td><td> 39-1/4 (12)</td><td> 36 (11)</td><td> 31 (9.50)</td><td> 29-1/2 (9)</td><td> 38-2/3 (11.70)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 28-1/2 (8.70)</td><td> 26-1/4 (8)</td><td> 39-1/4 (12)</td><td> 51 (15.50)</td><td> 42 (12.80)</td><td> 39-1/4 (12)</td><td> 46 (14)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l"> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 172 (16)</td><td> 172 (16)</td><td> 215 (20)</td><td> 533 (50)</td><td> 350 (32)</td><td> ...</td><td> 575 (54)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l"> machine lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 595 (270)</td><td> 617 (280)</td><td> 617 (280)</td><td> 992 (450)</td><td> 597 (275)</td><td> 639 (290)</td><td> 882 (400)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> 50 Anzani or Gnome</td><td> 50 Gnome</td><td> Various</td><td> Various</td><td> Various</td><td> Various</td><td> 70 Renault</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l"> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 84 (135)</td><td> 84 (135)</td><td> 61 (98)</td><td> 50 (80)</td><td> 57 (92)</td><td> 56 (90)</td><td> 56 (90)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 67 (108)</td><td> 65 (105)</td><td> 53 (85)</td><td> ...</td><td> 53 (84)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Endurance</b></td><td class="l"> hrs.</td><td> 4</td><td> 4</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r bt" colspan="4">Wood and steel construction. Landing: carriage wheels. <i>Control</i>: warping and rear elevator. Rectangular body.</td><td colspan="5" class="bt">Wood and steel construction. Landing: wheels and skids. <i>Control</i>: ailerons and front rear elevator.</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_121.jpg" width="100%" alt="SOMMER. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="SOMMER. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">SOMMER. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 105 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_105" id="Page_105">[Pg 105]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3>T</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>TRAIN.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>E. Train, Buoy, Camp de Chalons (Marne).</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="TRAIN." border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r" colspan="2">Model and date. <b>Monoplanes.</b></th>
+ <th> 1-seater.</th>
+ <th> 2-seater.</th>
+ <th> Hydro-mono.</th>
+</tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 26-1/4 (8)</td><td> 26-1/4 (8)</td><td> 26-1/4 (8)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 30-3/4 (9.30)</td><td> 35 (10.66)</td><td> 42-1/2 (12.94)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l"> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 172 (16)</td><td> 215 (20)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l"> machine lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 573 (260)</td><td> 617 (280)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> 30/60 Anzani</td><td> 70 Gnome</td><td> 80 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l"> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 59 (95)</td><td> 65 (105)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 47 (75)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;Steel construction. Landing: carriage wheels and skids. <i>Control</i>: warping and rear elevator.
+The hydro has one very large float which extends a considerable distance ahead of the tractor.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_122a.jpg" width="100%" alt="TRAIN. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="TRAIN. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">TRAIN. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>TUBAVION.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Ponche &amp; Primaud, Long.</p>
+
+<table class="box" summary="TUBAVION." border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r" colspan="2">Model and date.</th>
+ <th> Monoplane. <b>1913.</b></th>
+</tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 29 (8.85)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 29-1/2 (9)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l"> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 194 (18)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l"> machine lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 772 (350)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> 70 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l"> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 65 (105)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 1</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;Tubular steel construction. Landing: wheels and 2 very long skids. Propeller: amidships.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_122b.jpg" width="100%" alt="TUBAVION. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="TUBAVION. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">TUBAVION. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 106 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_106" id="Page_106">[Pg 106]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3>V</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>VINET.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Gaston Vinet, 41-47 quai de Seine, Courbevoie: also 2-8 rue Larnac. Established for
+automobile work, 1893. Aeroplane output capacity: small.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="VINET." border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r" colspan="2">Model and date.</th>
+ <th>Type <b>D</b> <b>1912</b> mono.</th>
+ <th> <b>1913.</b> Mono.</th>
+</tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 21-1/2 (6.60)</td><td> 21 (6.40)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 28-1/2 (8.60)</td><td> 28 (8.50)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l"> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 162 (15)</td><td> 162 (15)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l"> machine lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 550 (250)</td><td> 440 (200)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> 50 Gnome</td><td> 50 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l"> max m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 56 (90)</td><td> 60 (95)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 6</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;Wood construction. Landing wheels and skids. <i>Control</i>: warping and rear elevator.
+Rectangular body. The two types are practically identical.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_123.jpg" width="100%" alt='VINET. Type D. Uniform Aeroplane Scale' title="VINET. Type D. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">VINET. <span class="smcap">Type D.</span> Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<p><!-- Page 107 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_107" id="Page_107">[Pg 107]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>VOISIN.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Voisin A&eacute;roplanes, Boulevard Gambetta, Issy le Molineux, (Seine). School: Mourmelon.
+Capital 1,000,000 francs. The oldest aeroplane firm in the world, founded by the Brothers Voisin in
+1905. (See past editions).</p>
+
+<p>Latest models are:</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="VOISIN." border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r" colspan="2">Model and date.</th>
+ <th>Military biplane. Model <b>1912.</b></th>
+ <th> Hydro-biplane. Model <b>1912.</b></th>
+ <th> Military biplane. Model <b>1913.</b></th>
+</tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 37-3/4 (11.50)</td><td> 36 (11)</td><td> 32-3/4 (10)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 55-3/4 (17)</td><td> 43-1/4 (13.50)</td><td> 45-1/3 (13.80)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l"> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 387 (36)</td><td> 376 (35)</td><td> 398 (37)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l"> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1367 (620)</td><td> 1212 (550)</td><td> 1102 (500)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 772 (350)</td><td> 661 (300)</td><td> 794 (360)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> 70 Renault</td><td> 100 Gnome</td><td> 80 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l"> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 62 (100)</td><td> 62 (100)</td><td> 65 (105)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 47</td><td> 8</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_124.jpg" width="100%" alt='Canard with floats. By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A.' title='Canard with floats. By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A.' />
+<div class="left">Canard with floats. <i>By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A.</i></div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 108 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_108" id="Page_108">[Pg 108]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3>Z</h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>ZODIAC.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Soci&eacute;t&eacute; Zodiac, 10 route du Havre, Puteaux <i>pres</i> Paris (Seine). Aero park: St. Cyr
+l'Ecole <i>pres</i> Versailles. Established 1896. Capital 850,000 francs.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="ZODIAC." border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r" colspan="2">Model and date.</th>
+ <th> <b>S2.</b> <b>1913.</b></th>
+</tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 38-3/4 (11.75)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 49 (15)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 36 (11)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l"> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 350 (32)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l"> machine lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1010 (460)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 551 (250)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> 50 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l"> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 59 (95)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;Wood construction. <i>Control</i>: Ailerons and 1 rear elevator. Upper planes staggered 30 in
+advance of lower. Quadrilateral fuselage. Piloted passenger side by side. Landing carriage: 2 wheels
+and 1 skid. Aeroplatte fabric.</p>
+
+<p>The 1912 model was practically the same.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_125a.jpg" width="100%" alt="ZODIAC. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="ZODIAC. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">ZODIAC. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_125b.jpg" width="100%" alt="ZODIAC." title="ZODIAC." />
+</div>
+
+
+<p><!-- Page 109 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_109" id="Page_109">[Pg 109]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="FRENCH_DIRIGIBLES" id="FRENCH_DIRIGIBLES"></a>FRENCH DIRIGIBLES.</h2>
+
+<h3>Military.</h3>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="FRENCH MILITARY DIRIGIBLES." border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r"> Date.</th><th> Name.</th><th> Make.</th><th> Type.</th><th> Capacity in m�.</th><th> H.P.</th><th> Speed. m.p.h. (K)</th><th> Notes.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> 1909</td><td> <b>LIBERT�</b></td><td> Lebaudy</td><td> s.r.</td><td> 4800</td><td> 120</td><td> 28 (45)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> 1910</td><td> <b>COL. RENARD</b></td><td> Astra</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 4100</td><td> 100</td><td> 30 (50)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> 1911</td><td> <b>ADJUTANT REAU</b></td><td> Astra 10</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 8950</td><td> 220</td><td> 32 (53)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> "</td><td> <b>LIEUT. CHAURE</b></td><td> Astra 11</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 8950</td><td> 220</td><td> 32 (53)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> "</td><td> <b>ADJ. VINCENNOT</b></td><td> C. Bayard 4</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 7500</td><td> 75</td><td> 29 (48)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> "</td><td> <b>SELLE DE BEAUCHAMP</b></td><td> Lebaudy</td><td> s.r.</td><td> 8000</td><td> 75</td><td> 30 (50)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> "</td><td> <b>CAPT. MAR�CHAL</b></td><td> Lebaudy</td><td> s.r.</td><td> 7500</td><td> 160</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> "</td><td> <b>LE TEMPS</b></td><td> Zodiac 9</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 2500</td><td> 75</td><td> 29 (48)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> "</td><td> <b>CAPT. FERBER</b></td><td> Zodiac 10</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 6000</td><td> 180</td><td> 33 (54)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> "</td><td> <b>COMDT. COUTELLE</b></td><td> Zodiac 11</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 9000</td><td> 380</td><td> 37 (60)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> 1912</td><td> <b>SPIESS</b></td><td> Zodiac 12</td><td> r.</td><td> 11000</td><td> 400</td><td> 40 (65)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> "</td><td> <b>FLEURUS</b></td><td> C. Bayard 5</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 6500</td><td> 150</td><td> 36 (58)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> "</td><td> <b>ECLAIREUR CONT�</b></td><td> Astra 12</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 6640</td><td> 75</td><td> 28 (46)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> "</td><td> <b>DUPUY DE L�ME</b></td><td> C. Bayard 6</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 9700</td><td> 244</td><td> 35-1/2 (58)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><i>Building</i></td><td> <i>A</i></td><td> Astra</td><td>?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td> <i>B</i></td><td> C. Bayard 7</td><td>?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td> <i>C</i></td><td> Lebaudy</td><td>?</td><td> 17000</td><td> 1000</td><td> 43-1/2 (70)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td> <i>D</i></td><td> Zodiac 13</td><td> ?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td></td><td></td><td>?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> <i>Pro.</i></td><td> <i>7 new</i> 20,000 c.m.</td><td></td><td>?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<p><b>Military sheds</b> at Belfert, Epinal, Maubenge, Reims, Toul, Verdun (2).&mdash;Total 7.</p>
+
+
+<p>During the year 1912 the principal work done was as follows:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="FRENCH MILITARY DIRIGIBLES. Principal Work." border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r"> Name.</th><th> Hours out.</th><th> Distance travelled. m. (km.)</th><th> Gas used. m�</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><i>C. Ferber</i></td><td> 152</td><td> 3540 (5900)</td><td> 45,500</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><i>Adj. Reau</i></td><td> 105-1/2</td><td> 2310 (3845)</td><td> 81,000</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><i>Dupuy de L�me</i></td><td> 100</td><td> 2655 (4424)</td><td> 66,500</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><i>Adj. Vincennot</i></td><td> 55</td><td> 1340 (2235)</td><td> 50,000</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><i>Le Temps</i></td><td> 23</td><td> 440 (700)</td><td> 9,000</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><i>Fleurus</i></td><td> 3-3/4</td><td> 100 (159)</td><td> 19,000</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<h4><b>Army Dirigible Pilots.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Airault, F.<br />
+Balny D'Avricourt<br />
+Baudry, A.<br />
+Bayard de Mendoca<br />
+Clerget, P.<br />
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+Cohen, A.<br />
+Herbster, M.<br />
+Hirschaner, Col.<br />
+Juchm&egrave;s, G.<br />
+Mugnier, Capt.<br />
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+Noe, Martial<br />
+P&eacute;riss&eacute;, Y.<br />
+Renard, Col. P.<br />
+Roussel, A.<br />
+Schelcher, A.<br />
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<p><i>Note.</i>&mdash;There are no dirigibles attached to the Navy.</p>
+
+
+<h3>Private.</h3>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="FRENCH PRIVATE DIRIGIBLES." border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr>
+ <th class="r">Date.</th><th> Name.</th><th> Make.</th><th> Type.</th><th> Capacity in m�.</th><th> H.P.</th><th>Speed. m.p.h. (k.p.h.)</th><th> Remarks.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">1909</td><td> <b>ASTRA</b></td><td> Astra 7</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 4475</td><td> 100</td><td> 27 (43)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">1909</td><td> <b>ZODIAC III</b></td><td> Zodiac 3</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 1400</td><td> 40</td><td> 28 (45)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">1911</td><td> <b>ASTRA TORRES</b></td><td> Astra</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 1930</td><td> 55</td><td> 34 (56)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">1912</td><td> <b>TRANSAERIENNE II</b></td><td> Astra 13</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 9000</td><td> 350</td><td> 34 (56)</td><td></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<p><b>Private sheds</b> at Chalons-s-Marre, Issy (2), Lamotte-Breuil, Meaux, Melun, Mousson, Reims,
+Pau, St. Cyr (2).&mdash;Total 11.</p>
+
+<p>32 sheds are building or projected by the National Aviation Committee.</p>
+
+
+<p><b>Private Dirigible Pilots.</b></p>
+
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Capazza, Louis<br />
+Godart, Louis<br />
+Julliott, Henri
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+Kapferer, Henri<br />
+La Vaulx (de) Compte
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+Santo-Dumont, Albert<br />
+Surcouf, Edward
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 110 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_110" id="Page_110">[Pg 110]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3><i>ASTRA CLASS.</i></h3>
+
+<p>Astra Societe de Constructions Aeronautique, 13, Rue Couchot, and 121, Rue de
+Bellevue, Billancourt.</p>
+
+<p>This Society was founded by Surcouf for the production of ordinary balloons. The
+first dirigible work was building part of the old <i>Lebaudy</i> in 1903, followed in 1906 by the
+<i>Ville de Paris</i>. The total number of dirigibles of this type completed by the end of 1912
+stood at 14, one very large dirigible in hand for the French Army, and one small one
+for the British Navy, and another for the Russian Army.</p>
+
+<p>Owing to changes in names, or owing to two names getting supplied to one ship,
+confusion frequently exists as to the names of the Astra dirigibles. The correct list is
+as follows:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="ASTRA CLASS." border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr><td class="r"> 1.</td><td> <b><i>Part of the LEBAUDY</i></b></td><td>1903</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> 2.</td><td> <b><i>VILLE DE PARIS</i></b></td><td>1906</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> 3.</td><td> <b><i>VILLE DE BORDEAUX</i></b></td><td>1908</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> 4.</td><td> <b><i>VILLE DE NANCY</i></b></td><td>1909</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> 5.</td><td> <b><i>Russian Military dirigible, KOMMISSIONNY,</i></b> originally known as <b><i>CLEMENT-BAYARD I</i></b></td><td>1909</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> 6.</td><td> <b><i>COLONEL RENARD</i></b></td><td>1909</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> 7.</td><td> <b><i>ASTRA-TRANSAERIENNE-VILLE DE PAU-VILLE DE LUCERNE<a name="FNanchor_C_3" id="FNanchor_C_3"></a><a href="#Footnote_C_3" class="fnanchor">[C]</a></i></b></td><td>1909</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> 8.</td><td> <b><i>ESPANA (Spanish Military)</i></b></td><td>1909</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"> 9.</td><td> <b><i>VILLE DE BRUXELLES</i></b></td><td>1910</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">10.</td><td> <b><i>LIEUT. CHAURE (French Military)</i></b></td><td>1911</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">11.</td><td> <b><i>ADJUTANT R�AU (French Military)</i></b></td><td>1911</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">12.</td><td> <b><i>ECLAIREUR CONT� (French Military)</i></b></td><td>1912</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">13.</td><td> <b><i>TRANSAERIENNE II</i></b></td><td>1912</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">14.</td><td> <b><i>ASTRA-TORRES I</i></b></td><td>1911</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_C_3" id="Footnote_C_3"></a><a href="#FNanchor_C_3"><span class="label">[C]</span></a> This ship has frequently figured as four different dirigibles.</p></div>
+
+<p>The general features of the <i>Astra</i> class are: Non-rigid, weights distributed by
+means of a long girder hung under the gas bags, a long nacelle, and inflated stabilising
+shapes at the rear end of the balloon.</p>
+
+<p>The <i>Astra-Torres</i> type are also non-rigid, but of trefoil section with a short nacelle.</p>
+
+<p>The Compagnie Generale Transaerienne was first established in 1909 with
+<i>Transaerienne I</i>, and during the summers 1909, 1910 and 1911, this ship made a total of
+273 ascents, carried 2590 passengers, and voyaged 7990 kilometres.</p>
+
+<p>The Astra firm has dirigible hangers at Issy, Pau, Meaux, and Reims. Its constructional
+capacity is sufficient to build six dirigibles at any one time.<!-- Page 111 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_111" id="Page_111">[Pg 111]</a></span></p>
+
+<h3>FRENCH DIRIGIBLES</h3>
+
+<h4><b><i>"ASTRA I-TRANSAERIEN-VILLE DE PAU-VILLE DE LUCERNE"</i></b> (1909).</h4>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_128a.jpg" width="100%" alt="ASTRA I-TRANSAERIEN-VILLE DE PAU-VILLE DE LUCERNE." title="ASTRA I-TRANSAERIEN-VILLE DE PAU-VILLE DE LUCERNE." />
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Maximum length,</b> 197 feet (60 m.) <b>maximum diameter,</b> 40 feet (12.20 m.) <b>volume,</b> 158,000 c. feet (4,475 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Total lift.</b>&mdash;Just over 7 tons=15,763 lbs. (7,150 kgs.) <b>Useful lift,</b>      lbs. (     kgs.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bags.</b>&mdash;Continental rubbered fabric, yellow.</p>
+
+<p><b>Motor.</b>&mdash;One 90-100 C. Bayard.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;27 m.p.h. (43 k.p.h.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;One.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_128b.jpg" width="100%" alt="ASTRA I-TRANSAERIEN-VILLE DE PAU-VILLE DE LUCERNE SIDE ELEVATION" title="ASTRA I-TRANSAERIEN-VILLE DE PAU-VILLE DE LUCERNE SIDE ELEVATION" />
+<div class="left">SIDE ELEVATION</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 112 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_112" id="Page_112">[Pg 112]</a></span></p>
+
+<h3>FRENCH DIRIGIBLES (Non-rigid)</h3>
+
+<p><b><i>COLONEL RENARD. Military</i></b> (1909).</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_129b.jpg" width="100%" alt="COLONEL RENARD. Military" title="COLONEL RENARD. Military" />
+</div>
+
+
+<p><b>Maximum length,</b> 213 feet (65 m.) <b>maximum diameter,</b> 35 feet (10.50 m.) <b>volume,</b> 145,000 c. feet (4,200 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Total lift.</b>&mdash;9,921 lbs. (4,500 kgs.)=about 4&frac12; tons.</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bags.</b>&mdash;Yellow coloured rubber proofed Continental fabric.</p>
+
+<p><b>Motor.</b>&mdash;One 110 h.p. 4-cylinder Panhard.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;29 m.p.h.</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;1, at the front end of the car. "Integrale."</p>
+
+<p><b>Steering.</b>&mdash;Elevators.</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;The two side stabilising shapes are duplicated, as they were in the <i>Ville de Paris</i>. A webbing
+stretched on steel tubes is introduced between the inner edges of the 4 main stabilising shapes to provide
+extra stabilising surface.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_129b.jpg" width="100%" alt="COLONEL RENARD. Uniform Dirigible Scale." title="COLONEL RENARD. Uniform Dirigible Scale." />
+<div class="left">COLONEL RENARD. Uniform Dirigible Scale.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><i>Note.</i>&mdash;An elevator aft has since been added.</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 113 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_113" id="Page_113">[Pg 113]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Improved <i>Col. Renard's</i> are:&mdash;</p>
+
+<h4><b><i>LIEUT. CHAURE. Military</i></b> (1911).</h4>
+
+<h4><b><i>ADJUTANT R&Eacute;AU. Military</i></b> (1911)</h4>
+
+<h4><b><i>TRANSAERIEN II</i></b> (1911).</h4>
+
+<p>Particulars of these are as follows:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="TRANSAERIEN II." border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr><th class="r"> </th><th> <i>Lieut. Chaure.</i></th><th> <i>Adjutant Reau.</i></th><th> <i>Transaerien II.</i></th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td> 275-1/2 feet (83.8 m.)</td><td> 285 feet (86.78 m.)</td><td> 250 feet (76.25 m.)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Diameter</b></td><td> 46 feet (14 m.)</td><td> 46 feet (14 m.)</td><td> 46 feet (14 m.)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Volume</b></td><td> 312,550 c. ft. (8,850 m�.)</td><td> 314,000 c. ft. (8950 m�.)</td><td> 318,000 c. ft. (9,000 m�.)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motors</b></td><td> 2 Panhard, each 110 h.p.</td><td> 2 Brasier, each 110 h.p.</td><td> 2 of 175 h.p. each</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b> (p.h.)</td><td> 32 m. (53 km.)</td><td> 32 m. (53 km.)</td><td> 34 m. (56 km.)</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;All have 1 propeller forward of 6 m. diameter, and 2 aft of 3.70 m. The <i>Lieut. Chaure's</i>
+empeunage is by ballonets; in the other two a cellular system and automatic stabilisation are the special
+feature.</p>
+
+<div class="ibox">
+Appearance practically the same as for <i>Colonel Renard</i>.
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 114 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_114" id="Page_114">[Pg 114]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>&Eacute;CLAIREUR CONT&Eacute;. Military.</i></b> (1912)</h4>
+
+<p>Nominal volume, 6,500 m&sup3;.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_131.jpg" width="100%" alt="&Eacute;CLAIREUR CONT&Eacute;. Military." title="&Eacute;CLAIREUR CONT&Eacute;. Military." />
+</div>
+
+
+<p><b>Length,</b> 213 feet (65 m.) <b>diameter,</b> 46 feet (14 m.) <b>volume,</b> 234,500 c. feet (6,640 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Ballonets.</b>&mdash;Volume, 71,770 c. feet (2,032 m&sup3;) empeunage: cellular.</p>
+
+<p><b>Nacelle.</b>&mdash;Length, 115 feet (35 m.) Breadth, 5&frac12; feet (1.60 m.) Height <i>about</i> 6 feet (2-1.50 m.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Motor.</b>&mdash;2 Chenu, 80 h.p. Hele-Shaw clutch.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;<i>About</i> 28 m.p.h. (43-45 km.p.h.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;2 central aft, each of 4 m. (13 feet) diameter. 650 r.p.m.</p>
+
+<p><b>Empeunage.</b>&mdash;Cellular, Stabilisation automatic.</p>
+
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;In this type the usual Astra style, rear of gas bag, is entirely done away with. Surface of each
+elevator is 18&sup2;, of the rudder 33 m&sup2;. There are 2 petrol reservoirs, each of 180 litre capacity.</p>
+
+<p><b>Weights.</b></p>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="&Eacute;CLAIREUR CONT&Eacute;." border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr><th class="r"></th><th>lbs.</th><th>(kgs.)</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">Crew</td><td>838</td><td>(380)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">Details</td><td>1367</td><td>(620)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">Tools, etc.</td><td>220</td><td>(100)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">"Lest d'altitude"</td><td>2205</td><td>(1000)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">"Lest d'altitude" securit�</td><td>661</td><td>(300)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="l">Total</td><td>5291</td><td>(2400)</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><!-- Page 115 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_115" id="Page_115">[Pg 115]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>ASTRA-TORRES I.</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_132a.jpg" width="100%" alt="ASTRA-TORRES I." title="ASTRA-TORRES I." />
+</div>
+
+
+<p><b>Length,</b> 157 feet (47.72 m.) <b>diameter,</b> 33 feet (10 m.) <b>volume,</b> 68,150 c. feet (1,930 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Ballonets.</b>&mdash;Volume, 11,300 c. feet (320 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Nacelle.</b>&mdash;Length, 18 feet (5.50 m.) Breadth, 5 feet (1.50 m.) Height, 6&frac12; feet (2 m.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Useful lift.</b>&mdash;1,219 lbs. (553 kgs.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Motor.</b>&mdash;1 Chenu, 55 h.p., at 1,380 r.p.m. Clutch, Ruban.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;31 m.p.h. (50 km.) <b>Endurance</b> <i>about</i> 5 hours.</p>
+
+<p><b>Propeller.</b>&mdash;1 in rear of nacelle. Diameter, 14&frac34; feet (4.50 m.)</p>
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;The special feature of this type is that it is constructed in three lobes, two below and one above.
+This particular ship is merely experimental, and is known as a "Vedette." Three models of it are to be
+obtained, (1) this 55 h.p. of 1,930 m&sup3;. volume. (2) a 75 h.p. of 2,000 m&sup3;. nominal volume. (3) a 110 h.p.
+of from 3,000-3,500 m&sup3;. volume. This latter is designed to have two propellers instead of one.</p>
+
+<p>Larger editions of the type are also projected as follows:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div style="margin-left:10px"><b>"Scouts:"</b> 4500-6300 m&sup3;. of 200 h.p. (2 motors.)<br />
+<b>"Transaeriens:"</b> 7,000-8,000 m&sup3;. of 400 h.p. (2 motors.)<br />
+<b>"Dreadnoughts:"</b> 12,000 m&sup3;. or so, of 750 h.p. (4 motors.)</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_132b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Uniform Dirigible Scale." title="Uniform Dirigible Scale." />
+<div class="left">Uniform Dirigible Scale.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 116 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_116" id="Page_116">[Pg 116]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3><span class="u">CLEMENT-BAYARD CLASS.</span></h3>
+
+<p>Usines Clement-Bayard, 33, quai Michelet, Levallois-Perret (Seine).</p>
+
+<p>These dirigibles closely resemble the <i>Astra</i> class in some main particulars; but
+(excepting <i>I</i>) differ from them in the sharp sterns and absence of stabilisers on stern.</p>
+
+<p>The ships of this class are:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<table summary="CLEMENT-BAYARD CLASS." border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr><td>1</td><td class="center"><b><i>CLEMENT-BAYARD</i></b></td><td><b><i>I</i></b>(Kommissionny)</td><td><b><i>Russian Military</i></b></td></tr>
+<tr><td>2</td><td class="center">"</td><td><b><i>II</i></b></td><td><b><i>British Military</i></b> (wrecked)</td></tr>
+<tr><td>3</td><td class="center">"</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>4</td><td class="center">"</td><td><b><i>IV</i></b> (<i>Adjutant Vincennot</i>)</td><td><b><i>French Military</i></b></td></tr>
+<tr><td>5</td><td class="center">"</td><td><b><i>V</i></b> (<i>Fleurus</i>)</td><td>"</td></tr>
+<tr><td>6</td><td class="center">"</td><td><b><i>VI</i></b></td><td><b><i>Private</i></b></td></tr>
+<tr><td>7</td><td class="center">"</td><td><b><i>VII</i></b></td><td><b><i>French Military</i></b> (<i>building</i>), To be of 17,000 m&sup3;.</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><!-- Page 117 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_117" id="Page_117">[Pg 117]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>ADJUTANT VINCENNOT. Military.</i></b> (1911.)
+<b><i>(Clement-Bayard IV.)</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_134.jpg" width="100%" alt="ADJUTANT VINCENNOT." title="ADJUTANT VINCENNOT." />
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Maximum length,</b> 251 feet (76.50 m.) <b>maximum diameter,</b> 43 feet (13.22 m.) <b>volume,</b> 7,500 m&sup3;.</p>
+
+<p><b>Total lift.</b>&mdash;Nearly 8 tons (8,000 kgs.) <b>Useful lift,</b> 2&frac34; tons (2717 kgs.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Gasbags.</b>&mdash;Continental rubbered fabric. Weight, 380 grammes per m&sup2;. Strength 1,000 kg. per metre.
+Leakage under 10 litres per m&sup2; per 24 hours.</p>
+
+<p><b>Motors.</b>&mdash;2 Clement motors, 4-cylinder, of 130 h.p., each placed on either side of the motor space.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;35 m.p.h. (56 km.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;2 Chauvi&egrave;re. Diameter, 19&frac34; feet (6 m.) Placed one on either side of the motors, well above
+the level.</p>
+
+<p><b>Steering.</b>&mdash;Vertical steering by means of a treble horizontal rudder over the rear end of the car.
+Horizontal steering by means of 2 vertical rudders placed one on each side of the rear horizontal
+rudder.</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;The feature of this <i>C.B.</i> type, which distinguishes it from the Astra ships of about the
+same size, is the arrangement of the propellers and the use of a 2 speed gear in connection with these.
+Normally each motor drives its own propeller through two sets of gearing connected by a Cardan shaft.
+On stopping one motor, the stopped motor is unclutched from its propeller shaft, which is then connected
+up by chain drive to the opposite shaft. The running motor is then put on to a "low gear," so that it can
+make the revolutions necessary for obtaining full power, while the propellers run slower than before.
+The ratio of "low gear" to "high" is 2 to 1, so that a single motor will be running under its best
+conditions when well throttled down.</p>
+
+<p>A sister, <i>C. Bayard II</i> was sold to the British Army, and wrecked or dismantled, 1911.</p>
+
+<p class="center">LIST OF WEIGHTS.</p>
+
+
+
+<table summary="LIST OF WEIGHTS." border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr><td colspan="2"></td><td>kgs.</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2">Gas bag</td><td>1,350</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2">Valves (4)</td><td>45</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2">Suspension</td><td>195</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2">Girder (complete with fittings)</td></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:15px"></td><td>Bow portion (6 m. long.)</td><td>128</td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td>Engine room (2.5 m.)</td><td>1,390</td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td>Bridge and passenger space (12 m.)</td><td>957</td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td>After part (18 m.)</td><td>182</td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td>Raised tail (4.5 m.)</td><td>63</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2">2 Propeller brackets</td><td>378</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2">2 Propellers</td><td>230</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2">Rudders</td><td>150</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2">Water</td><td>140</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2">Trail ropes</td><td>75</td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td>Total</td><td class="bt">5,283</td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td>Lift</td><td>8,000</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2">Balance, for ballast fuel, oil, crew</td><td class="bt">2,717</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>FLEURUS. Military. (C.B. V.)</i></b> (1912.)</h4>
+
+<h4><b><i>C. BAYARD VI. (Private.)</i></b> (1913.)</h4>
+
+<p>These two are slightly smaller sisters of the <i>Adjutant Vincennot</i>.<!-- Page 118 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_118" id="Page_118">[Pg 118]</a></span></p>
+
+<h3>FRENCH DIRIGIBLES (Semi-rigid).</h3>
+
+<h3><span class="u">LEBAUDY CLASS.</span></h3>
+
+<p>Ateliers Lebaudy Fr&egrave;res, Moisson, par La Roche-Guyon (Seine-et-Oise).</p>
+
+<h4><b>DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS:</b></h4>
+
+<p>The cars are short and suspended from a long keel which is suspended close up to the gas bag, and is mostly
+covered in with fireproof canvas.</p>
+
+<p>The rear end of the keel is expanded into fixed vertical and horizontal fins, and carries a vertical and a
+horizontal rudder.</p>
+
+<p>The rear end of the gas bag is fitted with thin fixed planes (compare with the pear shaped or tubular fins of the
+"Astra" class).</p>
+
+<p>The cars are provided underneath with an extraordinarily strong conical structure, which takes the shock of
+striking the ground and distributes it over the whole car.</p>
+
+<p>Aeroplanes are now fitted, one each side of the keel, well forward.</p>
+
+<p>Ships of this class which have been built:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<table summary="LEBAUDY CLASS." border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr><td></td><td><b>LEBAUDY I</b></td><td><b>French Military Airship.</b> </td><td>Rebuilt 1909 into <i>Lebaudy II</i>.</td><td>now discarded</td></tr>
+<tr><td>1.</td><td> <b>LEBAUDY II</b></td><td><b>"</b></td><td>Original <i>Lebaudy I</i> rebuilt. <b>Known as</b> <i>Le Jaune</i>.</td><td>now discarded</td></tr>
+<tr><td>2.</td><td> <b>PATRIE</b></td><td></td><td>Lost in a storm.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>3.</td><td> <b>REPUBLIQUE</b></td><td><b>French Military Airship.</b></td><td>Wrecked Autumn, 1909.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>4.</td><td> <b>LA RUSSIE</b></td><td><b>Sold to Russian Government.</b></td><td>Now <i>Lebed</i>.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>5.</td><td> <b>LIBERT�</b></td><td><b>French Military Airship.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td>6.</td><td> <b>CAPITAINE MARECHAL</b></td><td><b>"</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td>7.</td><td> <b>"MORNING POST"</b></td><td><b>British Military.</b></td><td>(<i>Lebaudy III.</i>) Wrecked 1911</td></tr>
+<tr><td>8.</td><td> <b>LIEUT. SELLE DE BEAUCHAMP.</b></td><td><b>French Military Airship.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td>9.</td><td> New ship of 17,000 m� building.</td><td><b>"</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td>To Lebaudy designs:&mdash;</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>ONE</b></td><td><b>Austrian Military Airship.</b></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><!-- Page 119 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_119" id="Page_119">[Pg 119]</a></span></p>
+
+<hr/>
+
+<table class="box" summary="LEBAUDY CLASS." border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr><td class="c" colspan="2"> Name</td><td> <b>LIBERT�</b></td><td> <b>CAPITAINE MAR�CHAL.</b></td><td><b>SELLE DE BEAUCHAMP.</b></td><td> New ship. <i>Building.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="c" colspan="2"> Date</td><td> <b>1909.</b></td><td> <b>1911.</b></td><td> <b>1911.</b></td><td> <b>1913-14.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="c bb" colspan="2"> Service</td><td class="bb"> Military.</td><td class="bb"> Military.</td><td class="bb"> Military.</td><td class="bb"> Military.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Volume</b></td><td class="l"> c. feet (m�)</td><td> 4800</td><td> 7500</td><td> 8000</td><td> 17,000</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 220 (67)</td><td> 279 (85)</td><td> 292 (89)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Diameter</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 35-1/2 (10.80)</td><td> 42 (12.80)</td><td> 48 (14.00)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Gasbags</b></td><td class="l"> fabric</td><td> Lebaudy</td><td> Lebaudy</td><td> Lebaudy</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> ballonets</td><td> 1</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Lift</b></td><td class="l"> total tons</td><td> 4-1/2</td><td> ...</td><td> 9</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> useful tons</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motors</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> 1--135 Panhard</td><td> 2--80 Panhard</td><td> 2--80 Panhard</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Propellers</b></td><td class="l"> number</td><td> 2 wood</td><td> 2 wood</td><td> 2 wood</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> blades</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> diam. feet (m.)</td><td> ...</td><td> 16-1/2 (5)</td><td> 16-1/2 (5)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l"> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 31 (50)</td><td> 28 (45)</td><td> 28 (45)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Endurance</b></td><td class="l"> hrs.</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2"><b>Complement</b></td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 5</td><td></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_136a.jpg" width="100%" alt="LIBERTE." title="LIBERTE." />
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_136b.jpg" width="100%" alt="LIBERTE." title="LIBERTE." />
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_136c.jpg" width="100%" alt="LIBERTE." title="LIBERTE." />
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 120 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_120" id="Page_120">[Pg 120]</a></span></p>
+
+<h3>FRENCH DIRIGIBLES (Non-rigid).</h3>
+
+<h3><span class="u">ZODIAC CLASS.</span></h3>
+
+<p>Soci&eacute;t&eacute; fran&ccedil;aise de ballons dirigeables et d'aviation, Zodiac, 10 route du Havre,
+Puteaux (Seine).</p>
+
+<p>These dirigibles were intended primarily for private pleasure purposes. Consequently
+they are designed to fly when filled with coal gas if necessary.</p>
+
+<p>Every effort is made to render them easily transportable; the long girder frame by
+which the weight is distributed is made to take to pieces.</p>
+
+<p>It is held in France that numbers of this class of vessel would form an invaluable
+asset in time of war, as each could be transported in a single cart, filled with a very few
+bottles of hydrogen, and when so filled could man�uvre for some 6 hours at a speed which
+compares favourably with that of the standard types.</p>
+
+<p>When the service of reconnaissance was performed, the vessel could be packed up
+and sent out of harm's way in an hour, whereas this could scarcely be done with a larger
+vessel on account of the quantity of hydrogen that would be required if it had to be filled
+afresh for each service. The mooring of an airship in the open during war requires such an
+amount of preparation and attention as to be a serious drawback to the alternative plan of
+keeping such vessels unfilled, while the sending of an airship back to its distant shed on
+each occasion means doubling the work that the ship is called upon to perform.</p>
+
+<p>Ships of class are:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<table summary="ZODIAC CLASS." border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr><td class="r">1.</td><td><b><i>ZODIAC I</i></b> (<i>Petit Journal</i>)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">2.</td><td><b><i>ZODIAC II</i></b> (<i>De la Vaulx</i>)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">3</td><td><b><i>ZODIAC III</i></b></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">4</td><td><b><i>ZODIAC IV</i></b></td><td><b><i>Dutch Military</i></b></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">5.</td><td><b><i>ZODIAC V</i></b></td><td><b><i>South American (private)</i></b></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">6.</td><td><b><i>ZODIAC VI</i></b></td><td><b><i>Sold to United States</i></b></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">7</td><td><b><i>ZODIAC VII</i></b></td><td><b><i>Sold to Russian Army</i></b></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">8.</td><td><b><i>ZODIAC VIII</i></b></td><td><b><i>"</i></b></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">9.</td><td><b><i>ZODIAC IX</i></b> (<i>Le Temps</i>)</td><td><b><i>French Army</i></b></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">10.</td><td> <b><i>ZODIAC X</i></b> (<i>Capitaine Ferber</i>)</td><td><b><i>"</i></b></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">11.</td><td> <b><i>ZODIAC XI</i></b> (<i>Commandant Coutelle</i>)</td><td> <b><i>"</i></b></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r">12.</td><td> <b><i>ZODIAC XII</i></b> (<i>Spiess</i>)</td><td><b><i>"</i></b> (<b><i>rigid</i></b>)</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><!-- Page 121 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_121" id="Page_121">[Pg 121]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>ZODIAC III.</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_138a.jpg" width="100%" alt="ZODIAC III." title="ZODIAC III." />
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Maximum length,</b> 134 feet (40.8 m.) <b>maximum diameter,</b> 28 feet (8.5 m.) <b>volume,</b> 1,400 m&sup3;.</p>
+
+<p><b>Total lift.</b>&mdash;1&frac12; tons (1,540 kgs.)  <b>Useful lift,</b>     lbs. (    kgs.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bags.</b>&mdash;Light continental rubbered fabric.</p>
+
+<p><b>Motor.</b>&mdash;Ballot, 4-cylinder, 40-45 h.p., 1,200 r.p.m.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;     m.p.h. (45 km.p.h.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;Driven at 600 r.p.m.  Integral type, 12&frac14; feet (3.75 m.) in diameter.  Pitch, 6&frac12; feet (2 m.) in
+rear of the car.</p>
+
+<p><b>Steering.</b>&mdash;Vertical balanced rudder in rear of the vertical fin, under the rear of the gas bag. Double
+elevator above the fore end of the car.  Horizontal fins of material spread on iron frames on either
+side of the rear end of the car.</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;The car consists of a 130 feet (40 m.) long wooden girder, which can be divided into 4
+separate parts of 13 feet (4 m.) each. The suspension is by steel wires fitted with adjusting screws at the
+lower ends and toggles at the upper ends, by which they connect to the crows' feet which are sewn to the
+suspension strips.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_138b.jpg" width="100%" alt="ZODIAC III." title="ZODIAC III." />
+<div class="left">ZODIAC III.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<p>DETAILED WEIGHTS OF <i>ZODIAC III.</i></p>
+
+
+<table summary="DETAILED WEIGHTS OF ZODIAC III." border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr><td></td><td>kgs.</td><td>lbs.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Gas bag (<i>including</i> ballonet)</td><td>330</td><td>727&frac12;</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Valves</td><td>12</td><td>26&frac12;</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Suspension wires and gear</td><td>15</td><td>33</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Tail fins</td><td>24</td><td>53</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Horizontal rudder</td><td>10</td><td>22</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Vertical rudder</td><td>10</td><td>22</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Girder car</td><td>168</td><td>370&frac14;</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Motor (<i>including</i> pump, magneto, lubricating gear, etc.)</td><td>275</td><td>606&frac14;</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Motor bearer and gear</td><td>22</td><td>48&frac12;</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Petrol tank</td><td>10</td><td>22</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Radiator</td><td>25</td><td>55</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Reduction gearing</td><td>12</td><td>26&frac12;</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Shafting</td><td>15</td><td>33</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Fan</td><td>9</td><td>20</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Steering gear</td><td>5</td><td>11</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Water</td><td>8</td><td>17&frac34;</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Petrol</td><td>20</td><td>44</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Miscellaneous: 4 men</td><td>300</td><td>661</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Total</td><td class="bt">1,270</td><td class="bt">2,800 <i>about</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Ballast</td><td>270</td><td>595</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Total weight</td><td class="bt">1,540</td><td class="bt">Total lift 3,395</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><!-- Page 122 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_122" id="Page_122">[Pg 122]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>LE TEMPS. Military.</i></b>
+(<i>Alias <b>ZODIAC IX.</b></i>)</h4>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_139a.jpg" width="100%" alt="LE TEMPS. Military." title="LE TEMPS. Military." />
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Maximum length</b>, 164 feet (50.25 m.) <b>maximum diameter</b>, 29&frac12; feet (9 m.)  <b>volume</b>, 81,250 cubic feet (2,300 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Total lift.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bag, etc.</b>&mdash;2 ballonets, each of 257 m&sup3;.</p>
+
+<p><b>Motor</b>.&mdash;Dansette-Gillet. 60 h.p.</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers</b>.&mdash;2, chain driven, one on either side of car.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>Steering.</b>&mdash;Elevator in <i>nacelle</i> amidships.
+Rudder aft.</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_139b.jpg" width="100%" alt="LE TEMPS. Uniform Dirigible Scale." title="LE TEMPS. Uniform Dirigible Scale." />
+<div class="left">LE TEMPS. Uniform Dirigible Scale.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 123 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_123" id="Page_123">[Pg 123]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>CAPITAINE FERBER. Military.</i></b><br/>
+(<i>Alias <b>ZODIAC X.</b></i>)</h4>
+
+<p><b>Maximum length,</b> 249-1/3 feet (76 m.) <b>maximum diameter,</b> 40&frac12; feet (12.36 m.) <b>volume,</b> 6,000 m&sup3;.</p>
+
+<p>This ship has 2 ballonets of 650 m&sup3;. each, and a car 35&times;13&times;2 m., made up of 5 sections. 2 <b>motors</b>.
+Dansette-Gillette, 90 h.p., each actuating 2 propellers (4-bladed), geared to 500 r.p.m. Carries petrol
+for 15 hours work. Completed 1911.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_140a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Photo, Branger." title="Photo, Branger." />
+<div class="left"><i>Photo, Branger.</i></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_140b.jpg" width="100%" alt="CAPITAINE FERBER. Uniform Dirigible Scale." title="CAPITAINE FERBER. Uniform Dirigible Scale." />
+<div class="left">CAPITAINE FERBER. Uniform Dirigible Scale.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<p><!-- Page 124 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_124" id="Page_124">[Pg 124]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>COMMANDANT COUTELLE. Military.</i></b><br/>
+<b><i>(ZODIAC XI.)</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="ibox">(Enlarged <i>Captaine Ferber</i>.)
+<i>Building.</i></div>
+
+<p><b>Maximum length,</b> 292 feet (89 m.) <b>maximum diameter,</b> 46 feet (14 m.) <b>volume,</b> 9,000 m&sup3;.</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bags, etc.</b>&mdash;2 ballonnets, each 45,900 c. feet (1,300 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Nacelle.</b>&mdash;Nickel steel in 5 sections. Length, 131&frac14; (40 m.) Width, 4&frac12; feet (1.30 m.) Hung 16&frac12; feet
+(5 m.) below the balloon. Pilot in centre. Carries a total crew of six, petrol and oil for 15 hours'
+continuous work at full power.</p>
+
+<p><b>Motors.</b>&mdash;2, each of 190 h.p.=total of 380 h.p. Placed one at either end of the nacelle.</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;4, of 15 feet (4.50 m.) diameter. Two geared to each motor to half engine speed.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed</b> (expected).&mdash;37 m.p.h. (60 k.p.h.)</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 125 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_125" id="Page_125">[Pg 125]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>ZODIAC XII. Rigid. Military.</i></b><br/>
+<b><i>(SPIESS.)</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_142a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Spiess. Building. Photo, Branger." title="Spiess. Building. Photo, Branger."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Spiess</span>. <i>Building.</i> <i>Photo, Branger.</i></div>
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Maximum length,</b> 341 feet (104 m.) <b>maximum diameter,</b> 42&frac34; feet (13 m.) <b>volume,</b> 11,000 m&sup3;.</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bags.</b>&mdash;Sections 11. Number of cylindrical sections 8. Number of sides to polygon 14.</p>
+
+<p><b>Motors.</b>&mdash;Two 6-cylinder 200 h.p. in each nacelle, each driving 2 propellers of 15 feet (4.50 m.) diameter.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b> (expected)&mdash;40 m.p.h. (65 k.p.h.)</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_142b.jpg" width="100%" alt="ZODIAC XII." title="ZODIAC XII."/>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 126 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_126" id="Page_126">[Pg 126]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="GERMAN" id="GERMAN"></a><b>GERMAN.</b></h2>
+
+<p class="center"><b>(By our special German editor.)</b></p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Journals:&mdash;</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><i>Deutsche Luftfahrer Zeitschrift fur Luftschffahr</i> Berlin, W. (Fortnightly).</p>
+
+<p><i>Allgemeine Automobil Zeitung</i>, Berlin (Weekly).</p>
+
+<p><i>Automobil Welt</i>, Berlin (Thrice Weekly).</p>
+
+<p><i>Das Deutsche Auto</i>, Munich (Weekly).</p>
+
+<p><i>Die Luftflotte</i>, Berlin (Monthly).</p>
+
+<p><i>Internationale Revue f&uuml;r Autowesen &amp; Aviatik</i>, Leipzig (Fortnightly).</p>
+
+<p><i>Flugsport</i>, Frankfurt (Fortnightly).</p>
+
+<p><i>Motor</i>, Berlin (Monthly).</p>
+
+<p><i>Der Motorwagen</i>, Berlin (Thrice Monthly).</p>
+
+<p><i>Monatshefte der Reichsfliegerstiftung</i>, Charlottenburg (Monthly).</p>
+
+<p><i>Zeitschrift f&uuml;r Flugtechnik &amp; Motorluftschiffahrt,</i> Berlin (Fortnightly).</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Private Flying Grounds</b> (Military see further on):&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><b>Adlershof,</b> Teil des Flugfeldes Johannisthal (<i>Wright</i> School).</p>
+
+<p><b>Bork,</b> Post Br&uuml;ck in der Mark (<i>Mars</i> School).</p>
+
+<p><b>Burg bei Magdeburg</b> (<i>Schulze</i> School).</p>
+
+<p><b>Darmstadt</b> (Truppen&uuml;bungsplatz).</p>
+
+<p><b>Dotzheim bei Wiesbaden.</b></p>
+
+<p><b>Frankfurt a.M.</b> (<i>August Euler</i>).</p>
+
+<p><b>F&uuml;hlungen bei K&ouml;ln</b> (K&ouml;lner Club f&uuml;r Flugsport).</p>
+
+<p><b>Garching b. M&uuml;nchen</b> (<i>Hoffman-Harlan</i>).</p>
+
+<p><b>Griesheim b. Frankfurt a.M.</b> (Frankfurter Flugsport-Club &amp; Flugtechn.
+Verein).</p>
+
+<p><b>Habsheim b. M&uuml;lhausen i.E.</b> (<i>Aviatik</i>).</p>
+
+<p><b>Hainberg b. N&uuml;rnberg</b> (Flugtechn. Ges. N&uuml;rnberg-F&uuml;rth).</p>
+
+<p><b>Hamburg</b> (<i>Grade</i>).</p>
+
+<p><b>Holten. Niederrh. Verein f.L.</b> (<i>Hilsmann</i>).</p>
+
+<p><b>Johannisthal b. Berlin</b> Flugschule <i>Albatros, Dorner, Harlan, Fokker,</i>
+Luftverkehrs-ges. m.b.H., <i>Rumpler &amp; Wright</i>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Kitzingen in Bayern,</b> 1911 (Hildebrand &amp; Schroth).</p>
+
+<p><b>Lindenthal b. Leipzig.</b> (School for Deutschen Flugzengwerke).</p>
+
+<p><b>Loddenheide b. M&uuml;nster.</b></p>
+
+<p><b>Meerheimb b. K&ouml;ln.</b></p>
+
+<p><b>Milbertshofen b. M&uuml;nchen</b> (Dr. Wittenstein).</p>
+
+<p><b>Neuenlande b. Bremen</b> (<i>M&uuml;ller-Aviatik</i>, Bremer v.t.L.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Niederwalluf,</b> 1911 (<i>Goedecker</i>).</p>
+
+<p><b>Oberwiesenfeld bei M&uuml;nchen</b> (<i>Gustav Otto</i>).</p>
+
+<p><b>Puchheim b. M&uuml;nchen.</b></p>
+
+<p><b>Reichenberg-Boxdorf b. Dresden.</b></p>
+
+<p><b>Schneverdingen</b> (<i>Oertz</i>).</p>
+
+<p><b>Schulzendorf b. Berlin</b> (<i>A.E.G.</i>)</p>
+
+<p><b>Strassburg i.E.,</b> "Polygon" (E.E.C. <i>Mathis</i>).</p>
+
+<p><b>Suechteln.</b></p>
+
+<p><b>Teltow bei Berlin.</b></p>
+
+<p><b>Velten bei Berlin</b> (<i>A.E.G.</i>)</p>
+
+<p><b>Wandsbek,</b> Exerzierplatz, 1911 (<i>Rumpler</i> und Jordan).</p>
+
+<p><b>Weimar</b> (<i>Wright</i>).</p>
+
+<p><b>Wustenbrand b. Chemnitz</b> (Flugtechn. Ges. in Chemnitz).</p>
+
+<p><b>Zahlbach b. Mainz</b> (School for Aut. &amp; Flugtechnik).</p></div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 127 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_127" id="Page_127">[Pg 127]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3><b>GERMAN AERIAL CLUBS.</b></h3>
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Societies:&mdash;</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Aachener V. f. L. Aix la Chapelle.</p>
+
+<p>Aero Club (Imperial), 3, Nollenderfplatz, Berlin. Sec.: H. Von Frankenberg
+und Ludwigsdorf.</p>
+
+<p>Akademie f&uuml;r Aviatik, Munich.</p>
+
+<p>Allgemeiner Deutscher Automobil Club, Munich.</p>
+
+<p>Anhaltischer V. f. L. (E. U.) M. Antoineatten str. 22a, Dessau.</p>
+
+<p>Augsburger Verein f&uuml;r Luftschiffahrt, Augsburg.</p>
+
+<p>Automobil-und Flugtechnische-Gesellschaft (E. V.) Nurnberger Platz 5,
+Haupyverein Berlin, Hochster Str. 1, Bezirksverein Frankfurt a. M,
+Neuer Wall 44, II, Hamburg.</p>
+
+<p>Bayerischer A. K. Munich.</p>
+
+<p>Berliner V. f. L., Berlin.</p>
+
+<p>Bilterfeldt V. f. L., Bilterfeld.</p>
+
+<p>Braunschweigische V. f. L.</p>
+
+<p>Breisgau V. f. L., Freiburg.</p>
+
+<p>Bremer V. f. L. (E. V.) N. W., Obernstr, 52/54 I, Bremen.</p>
+
+<p>Bromberger V. f. L. (E. V.) O, Gasanstalt, Bromberg, Stadt.</p>
+
+<p>Chemnitzner V. f. L.</p>
+
+<p>Deutsche Touring Club, Munich.</p>
+
+<p>Deutscher Luftflotten Verein, Mannheim.</p>
+
+<p>Dusseldorfer Luftdahrer-Klub (E. V.) W. Dusseldorf, Breite Str. 25, I.</p>
+
+<p>Erfurter V. f. L. (E. V.) M. Dalversweg 24, Erfurt.</p>
+
+<p>Flugverein Neustadt a. d. Haardt, S. W., Neustadt, I.</p>
+
+<p>Flugzeugkonvention des V. D. M. L., Potsdamer Str. 121 H, III, Berlin W.</p>
+
+<p>Frankf&uuml;rter Flugsport-Club (E. V.) Neue Mainzer Str. 76, Frankfurt a. M.</p>
+
+<p>Frankfurter Flugtechn, Verein (E. V.) Bahnhofplatz 8, Frankfurt a. M.</p>
+
+<p>Frankfurter V. f. L. (E. V.) S. W. Kettenhofweg 136, Frankfurt, a. M.</p>
+
+<p>Frankischer V. f. L. (E. V.) S. Kurschnerhof 6, Wursburg.</p>
+
+<p>Hamburger V. f. L. (E. V.) N. W., 36, Colonnaden 17-19, Hamburg.</p>
+
+<p>Hannoverscher V. f. L. (E. V.) N. W., Lortzingstr. 6, Hannover.</p>
+
+<p>Hereforder Verein fur Lufthahrt, Bahnhofplatz, Alfermann, Herford.</p>
+
+<p>Hildesheimer V. f. L., Hilkesheim, Lucienvorder str. 22.</p>
+
+<p>Kaiserlicher Aero-Club, K. Nollendorfplatz 3, Berlin W.</p>
+
+<p>Kaiserlicher Automobil-Club, K, 9 Leipzigerplatz 16, Berlin W.</p>
+
+<p>Karlsruher Luftfahrt-Verein (E. V.) S. W., Bachstr, 28, Karlsruhe.</p>
+
+<p>Kolner Club, f. L. (E. V.) W. Bischofsgartenstr. 22, Koln.</p>
+
+<p>Koniglich Bayerischer Automobil-Club, B. Brienner str. 5 I, Munchen.</p>
+
+<p>Koniglicher Sachsischer V. f. L. (E. V.) Sa, Ferdinandstr. I, Dresden.</p>
+
+<p>Kurhessischer V. f. L. (E. V.) S. W., Physikalisches Institut, Marburg ad
+Lahn; Cassel Sektion, Kolnische str. 84, Cassel.</p>
+
+<p>Leipziger V. f. L. (E. V.) Sa, Markt 1, Leipzig.</p>
+
+<p>Lubecker V. f. L. (E. V.) N. W., Israeldorfer Allee 13a, Lubeck.</p>
+
+<p>Luftshrverein Gotha (fruther Reichsflugverein Gotha), Gotha, I.</p>
+
+<p>Luftfahrtverein Touring-Club, Pranner str. 24, I. Munchen.</p>
+
+<p>Luftschiffahrt-Verein Munster fur Munster und das Munsterland (E. V.)
+N. W., Munster i. W, Klosterstr. 31-32.</p>
+
+<p>Magdeburger V. f. L. (E. V.) M, Wetterwarte, Bahnhofstr. 17, Magdeburg.</p>
+
+<p>Mannheimer V. f. L. "Zahringen" (E. V.) S. W., 7-8 Hansa-Haus,
+Mannheim.</p>
+
+<p>Mecklenburgerischer Aero-Club, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Str. 85, II, I, Schwerin i. M.</p>
+
+<p>Mindener Verein fur Luftfahrt, N. W., Grosser Domhof 1, L, Minden i. W.</p>
+
+<p>Mitterheinischer V. f. L., S. W., Weisenauer, Str. 15, Mainz.</p>
+
+<p>Munchener V. f. L. (E. V.) Residentzstr. 27 III, Munchen.</p>
+
+<p>Niederrheinischer V. f. L. (E. V.) Wilhemstr. 11, Bonn, Wupperthal Sektion,
+Hauptfeuerwache, Barmen; Essen Sektion, Bachstr. 21, Essen-Ruhr;
+Bonn Sektion, Wilhelmstr. 11, Bonn.</p>
+
+<p>Niedersachachsischer V. f. L. (E. V.) Hildesheimer Bank, Filiale Gottingen,
+Gottingen.</p>
+
+<p>Niederschlesisch-Markischer Verein fur Luftfahrt, Grunberg i. Schl, I.</p>
+
+<p>Nordmark-Verein fur Motorluftfahrt (E. V.) Dusternbrooker Weg 38, Kiel.</p>
+
+<p>Obererzgebirgischer V. f. L. (E. V.) Sa, Geschaftsstelle, Schwarzenberg i. S.,
+Erla im Erzgebirge.</p>
+
+<p>Oberrheimischer V. f. L. (E. V.) S. W., Blauwolkengasse 21, Strassburg i. Els.</p>
+
+<p>Oberschwabischer V. f. L. (E. V.) S, Promenade 17, Ulm a. D.</p>
+
+<p>Osnabrucker V. f. L. (E. V.) N. W., Wittekindstr. 4, Osnabruck.</p>
+
+<p>Ostdeutscher V. f. L. (E. V.) O, Courbierestr. 34, II. Graudenz.</p>
+
+<p>Ostpreusischer V. f. L. (E. V.) O, Kneiphofische Langgasse 8 I, Konigsberg
+i. Pr.</p>
+
+<p>Pfalzischer Luftfahrtverein Speyer, S. W., Speyer a. Rh. I.</p>
+
+<p>Pommerscher V. f. L. (E. V.) Pasewalk (Stettin) F. 65.</p>
+
+<p>Posener Luftfahrer-V. (E. V.) O, Posen, Kronprinzenstr, 101a.</p>
+
+<p>Reichsflugverein (E. V.) Motztrs, 76, Berlin.</p>
+
+<p>Rheinisch-Westfalische Motorluftschaff-Gesellsch. (E. V.) Bachstr. 21,
+Essen-Ruhr.</p>
+
+<p>Saarbrucker Verein fur Luftfahrt, S. W. Saarbrucken, I.</p>
+
+<p>Sachsisch-Thuringischer V. f. L. Belvedere-Allee 5, Weimar; Halle a. S.
+Sektion (E. V.) Halle a. Muhlweg 10 und Poststr. 6; Thuringische
+Sektion, Staaten; Belvederealle, 5, Weimar.</p>
+
+<p>Schlesischer Aero-Club (E. V.) O, Schweidnitzerstr. 16-18 Breslau.</p>
+
+<p>Schlesischer V. f. L. (E. V.) O, Schweidnitzerstr. 16-18 Breslau.</p>
+
+<p>Schleswig-Holstein. Flieger-Club, N. W., Niemannsweg 81b, Kiel.</p>
+
+<p>Seeoffizier-Luftclub (S.L.C.W.) N. W., Peterstr. 80 II, Wilhelmshaven.</p>
+
+<p>Trierer Club. f. L. (E. V.) W., Nagelstr. 10, Trier.</p>
+
+<p>V. D. Luftchiff-Industrieller, Kleiststr. 8, III, Berlin, W.</p>
+
+<p>V. D. Motorfahrzeug-Industrieller, Potsdamerstr. 121b, Berlin, W.</p>
+
+<p>V. f. Flugwesen in Mannheim, S. W., Lange Rotterstr. 106, I. Mannheim.</p>
+
+<p>V. f. L. am Bodensee (E. V.) S. W., Zummsteinstr. 11, Schwedenchanze 3a,
+Konstanz.</p>
+
+<p>V. f. L. Darmstadt, S. W., Darmstadt, I.</p>
+
+<p>V. f. L. Gieben, S. W., Seltersweg 56, I., Gieben.</p>
+
+<p>V. f. L. Kolmar (Posen), (E. V.) O. Privinzialbank, Kommanditgesellschaft
+a. A., Kolmar i. Pos.</p>
+
+<p>V. f. L. Limbach (Sa, u. Umgegend) (E. V.) Postr. 5, Limbach (Sachsen).</p>
+
+<p>V. f. L. in Mainz (E. V.) S. W., Grosse Bleiche 48, Mainz.</p>
+
+<p>V. f. L. in Worms, S. W., Worms, I.</p>
+
+<p>V. f. L. und Flugtechnik Nurnberg-Furth, Klaragasse 2 I, Nurnberg.</p>
+
+<p>V. f. L. in Weimar (E. V.) Erfurter Str. 9, Weimar.</p>
+
+<p>Vogtlandischer V. f. L. (E. V.) Sa, Plauen i. V, Furstenstr. 89.</p>
+
+<p>Westfalisch-Lippischer Luftfahrverein (E. V.) N. W., Kavalleriestr, Petri,
+Bielefeld.</p>
+
+<p>Westfalish-Markischer Luftfahrer-Verein, Herne, I.</p>
+
+<p>Westpreussicher V. f. L. (E. V.) O., Dr. Waldmann, Abte-inng Schiffbau,
+Technische Hochschule, Danzig-Langfuhr.</p>
+
+<p>Wissenschaftliche Gesellschaft fur Flugtechnik, Nollendorfplatz 3,
+Berlin W. 30.</p>
+
+<p>Wurttenbergischer Flugsport-Club, S. Hegelstr. 4b, Stuttgart.</p>
+
+<p>Wurtembergischer V. f. L. (E. V.) S. am Salzmannsweg 21, Stuttgart.</p>
+
+<p>Zwickauer V. f. L. (E. V.) Sa, Hauptmarkt 20, Zwickau i. S.</p></div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 128 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_128" id="Page_128">[Pg 128]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3><b>GERMAN MILITARY AVIATION.</b></h3>
+
+<h4><b>Army General.</b></h4>
+
+<p>The new Army law provides &pound;400,000 (80 million marks) for Army aviation (including dirigibles), in
+addition to a considerable share of the &pound;4,000,000 which is being spread over a period of five years.</p>
+
+<p>The Army aerial force will be commanded by 2 inspector generals. The aviation force is put at
+4 batallions.</p>
+
+<p><i>Headquarters</i>: Berlin. <i>Stations</i>: Aachen, Allenstein, Cologne, Darmstadt, Doebritz, Freiburg,
+Graudenz, Hannover, Insterburg, J&uuml;terbog, Koenigsberg, Metz, Posen, Strassburg, Zeithain.</p>
+
+<p>The scheme will be complete by the end of the year.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Army Flying Schools.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<b>Diedenhofen.</b><br />
+<b>Doeberitz.</b><br /></div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<b>Metz.</b><br /><b>Oberwiesenfeld</b> bei M&uuml;nchen (Bavarian).<br />
+<b>Saarburg.</b><br /></div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<b>Sperenberg</b> bei J&uuml;terbog.<br />
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<h4><b>Army Aeroplanes.</b></h4>
+
+<p>At the end of 1912 the aeroplane force was as follows:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>Bought in 1911:</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot"><b>10 monoplanes</b> (2 <i>Grade</i>, 1 <i>Schultze</i>, 5 <i>Rumpler</i>).<br />
+<b>25 biplanes</b> (3 <i>Albatross</i>, 22 <i>Farman</i> type.)</p>
+
+<p>Bought in 1912:</p>
+<p class="blockquot"><b>91 monoplanes</b> (20 <i>Bristol</i>, 1 <i>Dorner</i>, 2 <i>Etrich Taube</i>, 2 <i>Grade</i>, 6 <i>Harlan</i>, 20 <i>Mars</i>, 40 <i>Rumpler Taube</i>).<br />
+<b>144 biplanes</b> (50 <i>Albatros</i>, 12 <i>Aviatik</i>, 30 <i>Euler</i>, 10 <i>Otto</i>, 2 <i>L.V.G.</i>, 10 <i>Mars</i>, 6 <i>Wrights</i>).</p>
+<p>Making a total of <b>270</b> of which number about 200 were war-effectives.</p>
+
+<p>For <b>1913</b> there are <b>200</b> new aeroplanes building or provided for.</p>
+
+<p>Under the new regulations, military machines must comply with the following conditions:&mdash;</p>
+
+<ol><li>
+Must be of entirely German manufacture, with ample and comfortable seating accommodation for
+pilot and passenger.</li>
+
+<li>Design must permit of fitting bomb droppers and photographic apparatus.</li>
+
+<li>Speed capabilities must not be less than 90 kilometres (56 m.p.h.)</li>
+
+<li>Dimensions must not exceed 49 feet span (14.50 m.), 39 feet long (12 m.), 13 feet high (3.50 m.),
+and the motor not more than 100 h.p.</li>
+
+<li>Minimum endurance, 4 hours.</li>
+</ol>
+
+<h4><b>Army Aviators.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Ackermann, Lt. K.<br />
+Albrecht, Ob-Lt. K.<br />
+Altrichter, Lt. K.<br />
+v. Apell, Lt. K.<br />
+Barends, Lt.<br />
+von Beaulieu, Ob-Lt. W.<br />
+Berlin, Ob-Lt. E.<br />
+Blume, Lt. W.<br />
+Boeder, Lt. O.<br />
+Braun, Lt.<br />
+Busch, Lt. H.<br />
+v. Buttlar, Lt. W.<br />
+Canter, Lt.<br />
+Cipa, T.<br />
+Coerper, W. Lt.<br />
+von Detten, Lt. G.<br />
+Demmel, Lt. M.>br/>
+Dransfield, Lt. E.<br />
+Eich, H.<br />
+von Eickstedt, Ob-Lt. V.<br />
+Erhardt, Ob-Lt, R. (119)<br />
+von Falkenhayn, Lt. F. E.<br />
+Graf Finck von Finckenstein, Lt. L.<br />
+Fisch, Lt. W. (107)<br />
+von Freyberg-Eisenberg-Allmendingen, Lt. F. E.<br />
+Funck, Lt. W.<br />
+Geerdtz, F. H. (133)<br />
+von Gersdorff, Ob-Lt. E.<br />
+Geyer, Lt. H.<br />
+Goebel, Ob-Lt. W.<br />
+Grade, W. H. St. (20)<br />
+von Hadeln, Lt. F.<br />
+v. Hammacher, Lt. (49)<br />
+von Hammerstein Gesmold, Ob-Lt. F.A.<br />
+Hantelmann, Ob-Lt. M.<br />
+von Helldorf, Ob-Lt.<br /></div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+v. Hiddessen, F. Lt. (47)<br />
+Hildebrand, Ob-Lt. F.<br />
+Hofer, Ob-Lt. W.<br />
+H&ouml;pker, Lt. A.<br />
+von Jagwitz, Lt. F.<br />
+Joly, Lt. A.<br/>
+Justi, Lt. K.<br />
+Kahl, H.<br />
+Kastner, Lt. H.<br />
+Keim, Lt. J. (127)<br />
+Keller, Lt. G.<br />
+Koch, Lt. W<br />
+Kohr, Lt. R.<br />
+Lauer, Lt. R.<br />
+Lauterbach, Ob-Lt. F.<br />
+von Lichtenfels, Lt. S. (51)<br />
+von Liusingen, Lt. L.<br />
+Ludewig, F. Ob-Lt.<br />
+Meyer, Lt. W. (136)<br />
+von Minkwitz, Lt. H.<br />
+von Mirbach, Lt. K.<br />
+Mudra, Lt. H. (95)<br />
+Neumann, Ob-Lt. H.<br />
+von Obernitz, Ob-Lt. W.<br />
+Oelsner, Lt. W.<br />
+von Oertzen, Ob-Lt. J.<br />
+von Osterroht, Lt. P-H.<br />
+Petri, Ob-Lt. F. (120)<br />
+Pfeifer, Lt. L.<br />
+Pirner, Lt. H. K.<br />
+von Poser und Gross-N&auml;dlitz, Ob-Lt. F.<br />
+P&uuml;schel, Ob-Lt. K.<br />
+Rapmund, Lt. M.<br />
+Reiche, Lt. A.<br />
+v. Reichenberg-Wolfskeel, Graf. (93)<br /></div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Reinhardt, Lt. S.<br />
+Reuss, Lt. W.<br />
+Ritter, Lt. K. (121)<br />
+Roser, H. H. (83)<br />
+Sch&auml;fer, Ob-Lt. L.<br/>
+v. Scheele, Lt. A.<br />
+Schlegel, Lt. O.<br />
+Schneider, Lt. H.<br />
+Schreyer, F.<br />
+Schulz, Lt. J.<br />
+Schwartzkopff, Lt. H.<br />
+Serno, Lt. E.<br />
+Sieber, Lt. H.<br />
+Solmitz, F. Lt.<br />
+Sommer, Lt. P.<br />
+Steindorf, H.<br />
+Steger, O. Lt.<br />
+von Stoephasius, Lt. M.<br />
+Striper, Lt. F.<br />
+Suren, Lt. E.<br />
+Suren, Lt. G.<br />
+Suren, Lt. H.<br />
+Taeufert, Lt. W.<br />
+v. Tiedemann, Ob-Lt. R. (17)<br />
+von Trotha, Ob-Lt.<br />
+Vogt, Lt.<br />
+v. Wedemeyer, Ob-Lt. E.<br />
+Wendler, Lt. W.<br />
+Weyer, Lt. G.<br />
+Wiegandt, Lt. W.<br />
+Wilberg, Ob-Lt. H. (26)<br />
+Wildt, Lt. K. (43)<br />
+Wirth, Ob-Lt. W. (92)<br />
+Wulff, Lt. A.<br />
+Zwickau, Lt. K.</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+<p><!-- Page 129 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_129" id="Page_129">[Pg 129]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Navy General.</b></h4>
+
+<p>The 1913 expenditure on naval aviation (including dirigibles) is &pound;250,000 (50 million marks), plus a
+portion of the special expenditure.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Naval Flying Schools.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><b>Holminsel</b> b. Danzig.</p>
+
+<p><b>Putzig</b> b. Danzig.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Naval Stations.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><b>North Sea.</b>&mdash;Cuxhaven (staff to be 5 officers and 192 under officers and men), Emden and Hamburg.</p>
+
+<p><b>Baltic.</b>&mdash;Kiel, Putzig and Konigsberg.</p>
+
+<p><b>General Headquarters.</b>&mdash;Berlin.</p></div>
+
+<p>Each station will ultimately consist of one dirigible and a number of hydro-aeroplanes.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Navy Aeroplanes.</b></h4>
+
+<p>At the end of 1912 the total effective force was:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="blockquot"><b>4 monoplanes</b> (<i>Rumpler</i> hydro.)<br />
+<b>10 biplanes</b> (4 <i>Albatros</i> hydro., 2 <i>Curtiss</i> hydro., 4 <i>Euler</i>).</div>
+<p>Total <b>14</b></p>
+
+<p>The <i>Curtiss</i> were purchased towards the end of 1911, all the others in 1912.</p>
+
+<p>All are or can be fitted with wireless, range 50 miles.</p>
+
+<p>1913. Others on order, including <i>Ottos</i> on floats (<i>A.G.O.</i>), of which one was delivered in April.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Navy Aviators.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Bertram, Ob-Lt. (123)<br />
+Coulmann, W.<br />
+Francke, Ob-Lt. C. (142)<br />
+Goltz, Kap-Lt. K.<br /></div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+von Gorrissen, Lt. (4)<br />
+Hartmann, R. Ob-Lt. (96)<br />
+Hering, Kap-Lt. M.<br />
+Janetzky, Kap-Lt. W.<br /></div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Langfield, Ob-Lt. W.<br />
+Prinz Heinrich von Preussen (38)<br />
+Schroeter, Ob-Lt. W.<br />
+Stemmler, B.<br /></div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 130 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_130" id="Page_130">[Pg 130]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3><b>GERMAN PRIVATE AVIATION.</b></h3>
+
+<p>To end of March, 1913.</p>
+
+<p><b>Private Aeroplanes.</b></p>
+
+<p>At end of March, 1913,
+the number of private
+aeroplanes in Germany
+was about 80, of which
+most were school, etc.,
+machines.</p>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Abelmann, Carl<br />
+Abramowitch, Wasewolod<br />
+Albers, Wilhelm<br />
+Alig, Ernst.<br />
+Arntzen, Orla, Dr. jur.<br />
+Schirrmeister, Hans<br />
+Badowski, Ludwig<br />
+Baierlein, Anton<br />
+Basser, Gustav<br />
+Beck, Otto<br />
+Becker, Reinhold<br />
+Beese, Frl.<br />
+Behrend, Adolf<br />
+Berliner, Rudolf<br />
+v. Bieber, Harald, Dr. jur.<br />
+Birkmaier, August<br />
+Blattmann, Ernst<br />
+Bohlig, Edmund<br />
+Bosenius, Rudolf<br />
+Bossin, Fritz<br />
+Boutard, Charles<br />
+Braselmann, Karl<br />
+Breton, Raymond Arthur<br />
+Brociner, Marco<br />
+Brunnhuber, Simon<br />
+B&uuml;chner, Bruno<br />
+Charlett, Willi<br />
+Clauberg, Fritz<br />
+Cremer, Fritz<br />
+Curdts, Carl<br />
+De Waal, Bernard<br />
+Dick, Fritz<br />
+Donnevert, Willy<br />
+Dorner, Hermann<br />
+D&uuml;cker, Werner<br />
+Eberhardt, Alfred<br />
+Eckardt, Willy<br />
+Eckelmann, Frank<br />
+Engelhard, Paul<br />
+Erblich, Heinz<br />
+Euler, August<br />
+Evers, Heinrich<br />
+Eyring, Raymund (Dr. Huth)<br />
+Falderbaum, Heinz<br />
+Faller, Artur<br />
+Faller, Otto<br />
+Fl&eacute;gier, Th. v.<br />
+Fokker, Anthony<br />
+Fremery, Hemmann<br />
+Friedrich, Alfred<br />
+Gasser, Hermann<br />
+Geiss, Franz<br />
+Georgi, Johannes<br />
+v. Gorrissen, Ellery<br />
+Grade, Hans<br />
+Griebel, Otto, Leutnant a D.<br />
+Grulich, Karl<br />
+Gr&uuml;nberg, Arthur<br />
+Haas, Heinrich<br />
+Hansen, Hans<br />
+Hanuschke, Bruno<br />
+Hartmann, Alfred<br />
+Hasenkamp, Emil<br />
+H&auml;usler, Hugo<br />
+Heim, Oskar<br />
+Heirler, Paul<br />
+Hennig, Alfred<br />
+Hess, Robert<br />
+Heydenreich, Fritz<br />
+Hild, Luc.<br />
+Hintner, Cornelius<br />
+Hirrlinger, Albert<br />
+Hirth, Helmuth<br />
+Hoff, Wilhelm<br />
+Hoffmann, Siegfr.<br />
+Hoos, Josef, Dr. jur.<br /></div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Hormel, Walter<br />
+Horn, Albin<br />
+Hoesli, Gordian<br />
+Ingold, Karl<br />
+Jablonski, Bruno<br />
+Jahnow, Reinhold, Leutn. d. Landw.<br />
+J&auml;nisch, M.<br />
+Jeannin, Emil<br />
+Kahnt, Oswald<br />
+Kammerer, K. F. Ludwig<br />
+Kaniss, Gustav<br />
+Kanitz, Willy<br />
+Karsten, Otto<br />
+Kaspar, Referendar<br />
+Katzian, Artemy<br />
+Keidel, Fridolin<br />
+Kern, Willy<br />
+Kiepert, Rudolf<br />
+Kleinle, Josef<br />
+Kober, Theodor<br />
+K&ouml;hler, Erich<br />
+Kohnert, Herbert<br />
+K&ouml;nig, Benno<br />
+K&ouml;nig, Martin<br />
+Krastel, Heinz, Reimar<br />
+Krieg, Friedrich<br />
+Krieger, Karl<br />
+Kr&uuml;ger, Leutnant a. D.<br />
+Kr&uuml;ger, Arthur<br />
+Krumsiek, Wilhelm<br />
+K&uuml;hne, Ernst Herbert<br />
+Kunze, Ernst<br />
+Kurtscheid, Nicolaus<br />
+Ladewig, Heinz.<br />
+Ladewig, Herbert, Leutnant, Inf.-Regt.<br />
+Lagler, Fr&auml;ulein Bozena<br />
+Laitsch, Felix<br />
+Laemmlin, Charles<br />
+Lange, Paul<br />
+Langer, Bruno<br />
+Lecomte, Ingenieur<br />
+Lenk, Willy<br />
+Lichte, Carl<br />
+Lie, Christian<br />
+Lindpaintner, Otto E.<br />
+Linnekogel, Otto<br />
+Lissauer, Walter<br />
+Lochner, Erich<br />
+Loew, Karl<br />
+L&uuml;bbe, Fluglehrer<br />
+Manhardt, Alfred Willy<br />
+Mente, Willy, Oberleutnant a. D.<br />
+Meybaum, Theodor<br />
+Michaelis, G. A.<br />
+Mischewsky, Bernard<br />
+Mohns, Karl<br />
+M&ouml;hring, Charlotte<br />
+v. Mossner, Robert, Oberleutnant a. D.<br />
+M&uuml;gge, Wilhelm, Kapitan d. Handelsmarine<br />
+M&uuml;ller, B. C. Oscar<br />
+M&uuml;ller, Friedrich<br />
+M&uuml;ller, Karl<br />
+M&uuml;ller, Kurt<br />
+Munkelt, Kurt<br />
+M&uuml;rau, Georg<br />
+Netzow, Georg<br />
+Niemela, Edmund, Leutnant a. D.<br />
+Noelle, Max<br />
+Oelerich, Heinrick<br />
+Oster, Franz<br />
+Ottenbacher, Ernst<br />
+Otto, Gustav<br />
+Paul, Alfred<br />
+Pentz, Hermann<br />
+Pietschker, Alfred<br />
+Placzikowski, Udo<br /></div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+von Platen, Horst<br />
+Plochmann, Ernst<br />
+Pokristev, Penn, Oberleutnant<br />
+Poulain, Gabriel<br />
+Reeb, Alfred<br />
+Reichhardt, Otto<br />
+Rentzel, Adolf<br />
+Rode, Franz<br />
+de le Roi, Wolfram<br />
+Roempler, Oskar<br />
+Rosenstein, Willy<br />
+Roessler, Fritz<br />
+Rost, Gottlieb<br />
+v. Rottenburg, Otto<br />
+Roever, Hans<br />
+Rupp, Albert<br />
+R&uuml;tgers, August<br />
+Schadt, Karl<br />
+Sch&auml;fer, Otto<br />
+Schakowskoy, F&uuml;rstin Eugenie<br />
+Schall, Karl<br />
+Schauenburg, Theodor<br />
+Schendel, Georg<br />
+Scherff, Mauricio<br />
+Schiedeck, Hermann<br />
+v. Schimpf, Ernst, Dr. jur<br />
+Schirrmeister, Hans<br />
+Schlatter, Joseph<br />
+Schlegel, Ernst<br />
+Schl&uuml;ter, Fritz<br />
+Schmidt, Erich<br />
+Schmidt, Richard<br />
+Schmigulski, Hans<br />
+Sch&ouml;ner, Georg<br />
+Schultze, Gustav<br />
+Sch&uuml;pphaus, Heinrich Ernst<br />
+Schwandt, Paul<br />
+Schwarz, Erwin<br />
+Sedlmayer, Gerhard<br />
+Senge, Paul<br />
+Seydler, Frank<br />
+Siewert, Lotherm<br />
+Steffen, Bruno<br />
+Steinbeck, Hans<br />
+Stiefvater, Otto<br />
+St&ouml;ffler, Victor<br />
+Stoldt<br />
+Stoephasius, Curt von<br />
+Strack, Karl<br />
+Strack, Peter<br />
+St&uuml;ber, Joachim, Leutnant d. R.<br />
+Suvelack, Josef<br />
+Thelen, Robert<br />
+Thiele, Erich<br />
+Toepfer, Otto<br />
+Trautwein, Max<br />
+Treitschke, Friedrich<br />
+Tybelski, Franz<br />
+Tweer, Gustav<br />
+Vollm&ouml;ller, Hans<br />
+Wecsler, Rubin<br />
+Weickert, Julius Artur<br />
+Weinaug, Ernst<br />
+Werntgen, Bruno<br />
+Wertheim, Paul<br />
+Weyl, Richard<br />
+Wiencziers, Eugen<br />
+Wieting, Werner<br />
+Wirtz, Reinerm<br />
+Witte, Gustav<br />
+Wittenstein, Oskar, Dr.<br />
+Witterst&auml;tter, E. W.<br />
+Wolter, Richard<br />
+von Zastrow, Alexanderm<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<p>Note.&mdash;Abramowitch was a Russian by birth (killed April, 1913).</p>
+
+<p>The following German
+aviators have been
+killed:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="bbox" style="padding: 1em;">
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<b>1896.</b><br />
+Lilienthal<br />
+
+<br /><b>1910.</b><br />
+Haas, Lieut.<br />
+Mente, Lieut.<br />
+Plochmann<br />
+Robl, Thaddeus<br />
+
+<br /><b>1911.</b><br />
+Bockm&uuml;ller<br />
+Bournique ("Pierre Marie")<br />
+Choendel<br />
+Dax<br />
+Englehardt, Kapt.<br />
+Eyring, R.<br />
+Frh. v. Freytag-Loringhoven<br />
+Laemmlin<br />
+Lecomte<br />
+Neumann, Lieut.<br />
+Reeb<br />
+Pietschker<br />
+Schendel, G.<br />
+Stein, Lieut.<br />
+Tachs<br />
+Voss<br /></div>
+
+<div class="nlist"><b>1912.</b><br />
+Alig<br />
+Altrichter<br />
+Beissbarth<br />
+Berger<br />
+Birkymayer<br />
+Buchst&auml;tter<br />
+v. Falkenhayn<br />
+Frh. v. Schlichting<br />
+Fischer<br />
+Hamburger<br />
+Hofer<br />
+H&ouml;sli<br />
+Junghans<br />
+K&ouml;nig<br />
+Kugler<br />
+Lachmann<br />
+Lang<br />
+Libau<br />
+Meyer<br />
+Preusser<br />
+Pochmeyer<br />
+Rheinle<br /></div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Rost<br />
+Schmidt<br />
+Schmigulski<br />
+Stille<br />
+Werntgen<br />
+Witte<br />
+
+<br/><b>1913</b>.<br />
+Held<br />
+Schlegel<br />
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 131 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_131" id="Page_131">[Pg 131]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="GERMAN_AEROPLANES" id="GERMAN_AEROPLANES"></a>GERMAN AEROPLANES.</h2>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>A</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>ALBATROS.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Albatroswerke G.m.b. H, Flugzeugfabr. u. Fliegerschule, Johannisthal bei
+Berlin. Established 1910. One of the largest constructors in Germany. Capacity: 150 machines a year.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_148a.jpg" width="100%" alt="ALBATROS." title="ALBATROS." />
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="ALBATROS.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th><b>1911-12.</b> 2-seat tractor biplane.</th><th> Military tractor biplane.</th><th><b>1912.</b> Military tractor</th><th> <b>1912-13.</b> Hydro.</th><th> Mono.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 35-1/2 (10.70)</td><td> 34-1/2 (10.5)</td><td> 42-1/2 (12.8)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 43-2/3 (13.30)</td><td> 52-1/2 (16)</td><td> 65-3/4 (20)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 430 (40)</td><td> 576 (54)</td><td> 624 (58.5)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1058 (480)</td><td> 1543 (700)</td><td> 1874 (850)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 661 (300)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> 100 Argus</td><td> 90 Mercedes or 100 Argus</td><td> 120 N.A.G. or Aust. Daimler</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 56 (90)</td><td> 59 (95)</td><td> 46 (75)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Endurance</b></td><td class='l'> hrs.</td><td> 6</td><td> 6</td><td> 7-5</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> about 40</td><td> 70</td><td> 30</td><td> 4</td><td> 2</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;In all the upper plane is slightly staggered. In all the control is duplicated.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_148b.jpg" width="100%" alt="ALBATROS. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="ALBATROS. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">ALBATROS. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 132 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_132" id="Page_132">[Pg 132]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_149a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Albatros. Military hydro-biplane." title="Albatros. Military hydro-biplane."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Albatros.</span> Military hydro-biplane.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_149b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Albatros. Monoplane." title="Albatros. Monoplane."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Albatros.</span> Monoplane.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 133 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_133" id="Page_133">[Pg 133]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>AVIATIK.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Autemobil &amp; Aviatik A.G., M&uuml;lhausen i.E. Established 1910. Capacity: 100 a year.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_150a.jpg" width="100%" alt="1912 biplane." title="1912 biplane." />
+<div class="left">1912 biplane.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="AVIATIK.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th><b>1912.</b> Monoplane.</th><th> <b>1912.</b> Biplane.</th><th> <b>1913.</b> Racing biplane.</th><th> <b>1912-13.</b> Hydro-biplane.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 26-1/2 (8)</td><td> 36 (11)</td><td> 29-1/2 (9)</td><td> 36 (11)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 39 (11.80)</td><td> 52-1/2 (16)</td><td> 52-1/2 (16)</td><td> 62-1/3 (19)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 258 (.24)</td><td> 517 (48)</td><td> 517 (48)</td><td> 597 (56)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1146 (520)</td><td> 1323 (600)</td><td> 1234 (560)</td><td>1653 (750)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'>useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 661 (300)</td><td> 882 (400)</td><td> 882 (400)</td><td> 661 (300)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> 100 Argus</td><td> 100 Argus</td><td> 100 Argus</td><td> 100 Argus</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 68-1/2 (110)</td><td> 56 (90)</td><td> 62 (100)</td><td> 52 (80)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Endurance</b></td><td class='l'> hrs.</td><td> 5</td><td> 6-8</td><td> 7-8</td><td> 4-5</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 6</td><td> 20</td><td> 4</td><td> 3</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;The monoplanes are constructed under <i>Hanriot</i> license.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_150b.jpg" width="100%" alt="1913 tractor-biplane (racer)." title="1913 tractor-biplane (racer)." />
+<div class="left">1913 tractor-biplane (racer).</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_150c.jpg" width="100%" alt="Monoplane." title="Monoplane." />
+<div class="left">Monoplane.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 134 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_134" id="Page_134">[Pg 134]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>D</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>DELFOSSE.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Ceased to construct.</p>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_151a.jpg" width="100%" alt='Dorner' title='Dorner' />
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Dorner</span></div>
+</div>
+
+<h4><b><i>DORNER III. Monoplane.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p><b>Length.</b>&mdash;34&frac12; feet (10.50 m.) <b>Span.</b>&mdash;39-1/3 feet (12 m.)
+<b>Surface.</b>&mdash;280 sq. feet (126 m&sup2;.) <b>Weight.</b>&mdash;882 lbs. (400 kgs.)</p>
+
+<p>Type II: <b>Length.</b>&mdash;32&frac34; feet (10 m.) <b>Span.</b>&mdash;38 feet (11.60 m.) <b>Surface.</b>&mdash;268&frac12; sq. feet (25 m&sup2;.)
+<b>Weight.</b>&mdash;661 lbs. (300 kgs.) See <i>Flugsport</i>, No. 5, 1911.</p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>E</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>ETRICH.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Etrich Fliegerwerke, G.m.b. H, Dittersbach b. Liebau (Schlesien). Capacity: 50 a year.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_151b.jpg" width="100%" alt='ETRICH' title='ETRICH' />
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="ETRICH.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th><b>1913.</b> <b>Etrich</b> (original) <i>Taube.</i> monoplane.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 31 (9.5)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 47-1/2 (14.4)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 301 (28)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> Total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1323 (600)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> Useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> 100 Mercedes or Argus</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'>max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 71 to 75 (115 to 120)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Endurance</b></td><td class='l'> hrs.</td><td> 6</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i><!-- Page 135 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_135" id="Page_135">[Pg 135]</a></span>&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>EULER.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>August Euler, Frankfurt a.M. In 1908 Euler secured <i>Voisin</i> rights for Germany. In
+1910 he took out a patent for a design of his own. In the summer of 1911 he built a successful
+monoplane, in the autumn of the same year a triplane. Existing models are as follows:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="EULER.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th><b>1912.</b> Triplane.</th><th> <b>1912.</b> Monoplane.</th><th> Military biplane.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 23 (7)</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 23 (7)</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> ...</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> no data</td><td> no data</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> Gnome</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 56 (90)</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Endurance</b></td><td class='l'> hrs.</td><td> 3-4</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> <i>about</i> 70</td><td>of various types</td><td></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_152a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Euler. Triplane." title="Euler. Triplane."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Euler.</span> Triplane.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_152b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Euler. Monoplane, 1912." title="Euler. Monoplane, 1912."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Euler.</span> Monoplane, 1912.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_152c.jpg" width="100%" alt="Euler. Military biplane." title="Euler. Military biplane."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Euler.</span> Military biplane.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 136 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_136" id="Page_136">[Pg 136]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>F</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>FOKKER.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Monoplanes. Fokker-Aeroplanbau, G. m. b. H., 18 Parkstrasse, Johannisthal bei Berlin.
+Capacity: 40.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="FOKKER.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th><b>1912.</b> <b>A.</b></th><th> <b>1912.</b> <b>B.</b></th><th> <b>1912-13.</b> <b>A.</b></th><th> <b>1912-13.</b> <b>B.</b></th><th> <b>1912-13.</b> <b>C.</b></th><th> <b>1913.</b> Hydro-aeroplane.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 26-1/4 (8)</td><td> 26-3/4 (8.25)</td><td> 29-1/2 (9)</td><td> 29-1/2 (9)</td><td> 29-1/2 (9)</td><td> 31 (9.50)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 37-3/4 (11.50)</td><td> 39-1/3 (12)</td><td> 42-3/4 (13.20)</td><td> 42-3/4 (13.20)</td><td> 42-3/4 (13.20)</td><td> 52-1/2 (16.20)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 226 (21)</td><td> 242 (22.50)</td><td> 280 (26)</td><td> 280 (26)</td><td> 280 (26)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 838 (380)</td><td> 1036 (470)</td><td> 970 (440)</td><td> 1146 (520)</td><td> 1190 (540)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> 70 Argus</td><td> 100 Argus</td><td> 70 Argus or Dixi</td><td> 100 Argus</td><td> 70 Renault</td><td> 100 Renault or Mercedes</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 56 (90)</td><td> 68 (108)</td><td> 52 (83)</td><td> 60 (96)</td><td> 53 (85)</td><td> 59 (95)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 43 (70)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Endurance</b></td><td class='l'> hrs.</td><td> 4-6</td><td> 4-6</td><td> 5-8</td><td> 5-8</td><td> 4-6</td><td> 4</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 3</td><td> 2</td><td> 6</td><td> 5</td><td> 2</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;The <i>Fokker</i> is a machine of Dutch origin. (See <span class="smcap">Dutch</span>).</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_153a.jpg" width="100%" alt="1912-13 model." title="1912-13 model." />
+<div class="left">1912-13 model.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_153b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Hydro." title="Hydro." />
+<div class="left">Hydro.</div>
+</div>
+
+<h4><b><i>FOHN.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>This firm ceased to exist January, 1913.</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 137 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_137" id="Page_137">[Pg 137]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>G</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>GRADE.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Hans Grade Fliegerwerke, Bork, Post Bruck (Mark). Founded 1910 by H. Grade, who
+was the first man in Germany to fly with a German machine. During 1911 <i>Grades</i> had a
+considerable vogue, but since then have not been prominent.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_154a.jpg" width="100%" alt="1912 racer." title="1912 racer." />
+<div class="left">1912 racer.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="GRADE.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"> Model and date.</th><th> Racer, <b>1911.</b> <b>C.</b></th><th> Racer, <b>1912.</b> <b>D.</b></th><th> Racer, <b>1912.</b> <b>E.</b></th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 33 (10)</td><td> 21 (6.50)</td><td> 26-1/4 (8)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 39-1/4 (12)</td><td> 34-1/2 (10.50)</td><td> 41 (12.50)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 480 (45)</td><td> 240 (22)</td><td> 360 (33)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> machine, lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 375 (170)</td><td> 408 (185)</td><td> 595 (270)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ... ...</td><td> ... ...</td><td> ... ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> various</td><td> ... ...</td><td> ... ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 56 (90)</td><td> 71 (115)</td><td> 71 (115)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> ?</td><td> 1 or 2</td><td> ?</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_154b.jpg" width="100%" alt="GRADE. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="GRADE. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">GRADE. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 138 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_138" id="Page_138">[Pg 138]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>GOEDECKER.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>J. Goedecker, Flugmaschinen-Werke, Niederwalluf a. Rh. Flying School:
+Flugplatz Grosser Sand bei Mainz.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_155a.jpg" width="100%" alt="GOEDECKER." title="GOEDECKER." />
+<div class="left">GOEDECKER.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="GOEDECKER.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th> <b>1912.</b> Monoplane "Sturmvogel."</th><th> <b>1911.</b> Monoplane "Sturmvogel."</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 32-3/4 (10)</td><td> 29-1/2 (9)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 47-3/4 (14.5)</td><td> 47-3/4 (14.5)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 387 (36)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 992 (459)</td><td> 827 (375)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'>useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> 100 Dixi</td><td> 70 Argus</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 56 (90)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 8</td><td> 2</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<h3><b>H</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>HANSA-TAUBE.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Heinrich Heitmann, Aviatik und Konstructions Werkst&auml;tten, Altona.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_155b.jpg" width="100%" alt="HANSA-TAUBE." title="HANSA-TAUBE." />
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="HANSA-TAUBE.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th> <b>1912.</b> Monoplane.</th><th> <b>1913.</b> Monoplane.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 24-3/4 (7.5)</td><td> 24-3/4 (7.5)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 36-3/4 (11.2)</td><td> 36-3/4 (11.2)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 237 (22)</td><td> 237 (22)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 617 (280)</td><td> 573 (260)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> 75 or 100 Argus</td><td> 100 Argus</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 56 to 62 (95 to 100)</td><td> 62 (100)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>
+
+<!-- Page 139 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_139" id="Page_139">[Pg 139]</a></span>&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>HARLAN.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Harlan Werke, G. m. b. H., 21 Moltkestrasse, Johannisthal bei Berlin. Established
+1909, turned into present Company, 1911. Output capacity about 50 machines a year.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_156.jpg" width="100%" alt="HANSA-TAUBE." title="HANSA-TAUBE." />
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="HARLAN.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th><b>1912.</b> Military monoplane.</th><th> <b>1912-13.</b> Military monoplane.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' ><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 26-1/4 (8)</td><td> 30 (9.10)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' ><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 39-1/3 (12)</td><td> 45-1/2 (13.80)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' ><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 312 (29)</td><td> 312 (29)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' ><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> 1984 (900)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' ></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> 1323 (600)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' ><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> 100 Argus or Mercedes</td><td> 100 Argus</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' ><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 69 (110)</td><td> 69 (110)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' ><b>Endurance</b></td><td class='l' > hrs.</td><td> 7-8</td><td> 7-8</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 20</td><td> 15</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<p><!-- Page 140 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_140" id="Page_140">[Pg 140]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>HANUSCHKE.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Bruno Hanuschke, Flugzeugbau, Johannisthal b. Berlin. Capacity: small.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_157a.jpg" width="100%" alt="HANUSCHKE." title="HANUSCHKE." />
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="HANUSCHKE.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th><b>1912.</b> "Typ populaire"</th><th> <b>1913.</b> Typ II.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 24-3/4 (7.50)</td><td> 21 (6.50)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 27 (8.25)</td><td> 26-1/4 (8)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 183 (17)</td><td> 172 (16)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 716 (325)</td><td> 1102 (500)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 385 (175)</td><td> 600 (275)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> 35 Anzani</td><td> 50 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 56 (90)</td><td> 62 (100)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Endurance</b></td><td class='l'> hrs.</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;</p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>J</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>JATHO.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Jatho Flugzeugwerke, G. m. b. H., Stader Chaussee 32, Hannover. Karl Jatho built his
+first aeroplane in 1899, and has produced machines at intervals ever since. Capacity: small.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_157b.jpg" width="100%" alt="JATHO." title="JATHO." />
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="JATHO.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th><b>1913.</b></th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 29-1/2 (9)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 49-1/4 (15)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 345 (32)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 2116 (960)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 992 (450)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> 100 N.A.G.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 75 (120)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Endurance</b></td><td class='l'> hrs.</td><td> 3</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 2</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i><!-- Page 141 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_141" id="Page_141">[Pg 141]</a></span>&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>JEANNIN.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Emile Jeannin, Flugzeugbau, G. m. b. H., Stahltauben &amp; Renneindecker Fabrik,
+Johannisthal b. Berlin. Capacity: small.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_158a.jpg" width="100%" alt='1912 "Taube."' title='1912 "Taube."' />
+<div class="left">1912 "<span class="smcap">Taube.</span>"</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="JEANNIN.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th><b>1912.</b> "Taube" monoplane.</th><th> <b>1913.</b> Racing monoplane.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 29-1/2 (9)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 42-3/4 (13)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> 100-150 Argus</td><td> 150 Argus</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 68 (110)</td><td> 87 (140)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Endurance</b></td><td class='l'> hrs.</td><td> 5-8</td><td> 4-7</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;The 1913 was building only in March.</p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>K</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>KAHNT.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Oswald Kahnt, Flugzeugbau, Leipzig. Capacity: small.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_158b.jpg" width="100%" alt="JATHO." title="JATHO." />
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="KAHNT.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th><b>K. F. 1913.</b> "Falke."</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 27-3/4 (8.50)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 42-3/4 (13)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 291 (27)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> 50-70</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 62 (100)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> new firm</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><!-- Page 142 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_142" id="Page_142">[Pg 142]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>KONDOR.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Kondor Flugzeugwerke G. m. b. H., Essen, Ruhr. Fabrik auf dem Flugplatz.
+Rotthausen. Capacity: 30 or so a year.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_159a.jpg" width="100%" alt="1913 model. (1912 same appearance.)" title="1913 model. (1912 same appearance.)" />
+<div class="left">1913 model. (1912 same appearance.)</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="KONDOR.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th><b>1912.</b></th><th> <b>1913.</b></th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 33-3/4 (10.30)</td><td> 27 (8.20)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 48-3/4 (14.80)</td><td> 46 (14)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 258 (24)</td><td> 280 (26)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1543 (700)</td><td> 1328 (600)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> 100 Argus</td><td> 100 Argus</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 65 (105)</td><td> 70 (112)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 2</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;Both models torpedo body, on 4 skids. Planes dart <b>V</b> form. Constructor: J. Suwelack.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>K&Uuml;HLSTEIN.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>K&uuml;hlstein Wagenbau, Karosseriefabrik, Salzufer 4, Charlottenburg. This old-established
+motor car firm commenced to build aeroplanes in 1911. Capacity: 20 a year.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_159b.jpg" width="100%" alt="96 h.p." title="96 h.p." />
+<div class="left">96 h.p.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="K&Uuml;HLSTEIN.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th><b>1912.</b> Torpedo monoplane. I.</th><th> <b>1912.</b> Torpedo monoplane. II.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 29-3/4 (9.10)</td><td> 27 (8.2)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 40-3/4 (12.4)</td><td> 35-1/2 (10.8)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 291 (27)</td><td> 215 (20)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1984 (900)</td><td> 2204 (1000)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1322 (600)</td><td> 1543 (700)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> 100 Argus</td><td> 96 Mercedes</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 84 (135)</td><td> 87 (140)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Endurance</b></td><td class='l'> hrs.</td><td> 3</td><td> 3</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i><!-- Page 143 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_143" id="Page_143">[Pg 143]</a></span>&mdash;</p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>M</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>MARS.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Deutsche Flugzeugwerke G. m. b. H., Lindenthal bei Leipzig. Established 1911. This is
+one of the most important and successful aviation works in Germany. Capacity: from 80 to 100
+machines a year.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_160a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Mars. Monoplane." title="Mars. Monoplane."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Mars.</span> Monoplane.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="MARS.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th><b>1912-13.</b> Monoplane.</th><th> <b>1912-13.</b> Biplane.</th><th> <b>1913.</b> Hydro-aeroplane.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 31 (9.7)</td><td> 31 (9.7)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 55-1/4 (16.8)</td><td> 57 (17.8)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 376 (35)</td><td> 495 (46)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1234 (560)</td><td> 1434 (650)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1808 (820)</td><td> 2006 (910)</td><td> <i>Building.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> 95 N.A.G.</td><td> 95 Mercedes</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 120 (75)</td><td> 115 (71)</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Endurance</b></td><td class='l'> hrs.</td><td> 5-6</td><td> 4-6</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 6</td><td> 16</td><td></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_160b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Mars. Biplane." title="Mars. Biplane."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Mars</span>. Biplane.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>MROZINSKI.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Bernard Mrozinski, Berlin-Wilmersdorf. Established 1912.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_160c.jpg" width="100%" alt="MROZINSKI." title="MROZINSKI."/>
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Length,</b> 23 feet (7 m.) <b>span,</b> 32&frac34; feet (10 m.) <b>area,</b> 215 sq. feet (20 m&sup2;.)<br />
+<b>Weight.</b>&mdash;661 lbs. (300 kgs.)
+<b>Motor.</b>&mdash;20 h.p. Anzani.
+<b>Speed.</b>&mdash;50 m.p.h. (80 km.)</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;One machine only built in 1912.<!-- Page 144 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_144" id="Page_144">[Pg 144]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>O</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>OERTZ.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Max Oertz, Yachtwerft, Reiherstieg b. Hamburg. Famous yacht builder. Commenced
+aeroplane construction in 1911. Existing models as below. Capacity about 25 machines a year.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_161a.jpg" width="100%" alt="1912-13 model." title="1912-13 model." />
+<div class="left">1912-13 model.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="MARS.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th><b>M 1911-12.</b> Monoplane.</th><th> <b>M 1912-13.</b> Monoplane.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 29-1/2 (9)</td><td> 30-1/4 (9.2)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 41-3/4 (12.75)</td><td> 41-3/4 (12.75)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 247 (23)</td><td> 263 (24.5)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 948 (430)</td><td> 1212 (550)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> 70 Gnome</td><td> 70 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 69 (110)</td><td> 75 (120)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Endurance</b></td><td class='l'> hrs.</td><td> 3</td><td> 4</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 3</td><td> 1</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>OTTO.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Gustav Otto, Flugmaschinenwerke, Schleissheimer Str. 135, Munich. Started building in
+1911. Present max. capacity about 30 machines a year.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_161b.jpg" width="100%" alt="OTTO." title="OTTO." />
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="OTTO.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th><b>M 1912.</b> Biplane.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> 100 A. G. Otto.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 69 (110)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Endurance</b></td><td class='l'> hrs.</td><td> 6-8</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 6</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;All 1912 machines purchased for German Army.<!-- Page 145 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_145" id="Page_145">[Pg 145]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>P</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>PEGA-EMICH.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Flugtechnische und mechanische Werke vorm. Pega &amp; Emich, Falterstrasse
+13-15, Griesheim, Frankurt-a-M. Commenced building with a 6-decker in 1910. Capacity: small.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_161b.jpg" width="100%" alt="OTTO." title="OTTO." />
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="PEGA-EMICH.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th><b>1913.</b> Buteno monoplane.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 39-1/4 (12)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 46 (14)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 355 (33)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kg.)</td><td> 838 (380)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kg.)</td><td> 1102 (500)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> 70 Argus</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 62 (100)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Endurance</b></td><td class='l'> hrs.</td><td> 2</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912.</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>PIPPART-NOLL.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Pippart-Noll-Flugzeugbau, Mannheim.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_161b.jpg" width="100%" alt="PIPPART-NOLL." title="PIPPART-NOLL." />
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="PIPPART-NOLL.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2">Type.</th><th> P. N. 1 Sporting. <b>1912.</b></th><th> P. N. 2. "Uberland" <b>1912.</b></th><th> P. N. 3. Military. <b>1913.</b></th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 31 (9.50)</td><td> 28 (8.50)</td><td> 28 (8.50 also 7)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 34-1/2 (10.50)</td><td> 39-1/3 (12)</td><td> 45 (13.70)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 215 (20)</td><td> 280 (26)</td><td> 300 (28)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> machine lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 617 (280)</td><td> 838 (380)</td><td> 1234 (560)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 330 (150)</td><td> 463 (210)</td><td> 441 (200)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> 70 Argus</td><td> 70 Argus</td><td> 70 Argus</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 59 (95)</td><td> 62 (100)</td><td> 68 (110)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 50 (80)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Endurance</b></td><td class='l'> hrs.</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><!-- Page 146 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_146" id="Page_146">[Pg 146]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>R</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>RUMPLER.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>E. Rumpler, Luftfahrzeugbau G. m. b. H., Siegfriedstrasse 202, Berlin-Lichtenberg,
+also Johannisthal b. Berlin. Established 1909 by E. Rumpler and R. Haessner for the construction
+in Germany of <i>Etrich</i> (see <span class="smcap">Austria</span>) monoplanes. These now vary considerably from the original
+<i>Etrich</i>. Capacity at present about 200 to 300 machines a year. Standard models are as follows:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="RUMPLER.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th> <b>1912.</b> Monoplane.</th><th> <b>1912.</b> "Taube."</th><th> <b>1913.</b> Hydro.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 29-3/4 (9.50)</td><td> 34 (10.30)</td><td> 33 (10)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 41-1/2 (12.65)</td><td> 46 (14)</td><td> 49-1/4 (15)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 247 (23)</td><td> 336 (32)</td><td> 387 (36)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1398 (630)</td><td> 1190 (540)</td><td> 1328 (600)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 771 (350)</td><td> 551 (230)</td><td> 485 (220)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> 95 Mercedes</td><td> 100 Argus</td><td> 100 Argus</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 81 (130)</td><td> 59 (95)</td><td> 56 (90)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Endurance</b></td><td class='l'> hrs.</td><td> 6-7</td><td> 4-6</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 1</td><td> 60</td><td> 3</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_163a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Rumpler. Hydro-aeroplane." title="Rumpler. Hydro-aeroplane."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Rumpler.</span> Hydro-aeroplane.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_163b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Rumpler. Monoplane." title="Rumpler. Monoplane."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Rumpler.</span> Monoplane.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_163c.jpg" width="100%" alt='Rumpler. "Taube." With limousine body.' title='Rumpler. "Taube." With limousine body.'/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Rumpler.</span> "<span class="smcap">Taube.</span>" With limousine body.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 147 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_147" id="Page_147">[Pg 147]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>RUTH-ROHDE.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Ruth-Rohde, Motorgleitflieger, G. m. b. H., Wandsbeck. Established 1912.
+Capacity: small.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_164a.jpg" width="100%" alt='RUTH-ROHDE.' title='RUTH-ROHDE.'/>
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="RUTH-ROHDE.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th>  <b>1912.</b> Biplane I.</th><th> <b>1912.</b> Biplane II.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 26-1/4 (8)</td><td> 26-1/4 (8)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 36 (11)</td><td> 45 (14)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 590 (55)</td><td> 700 (65)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1653 (750)</td><td> 1764 (800)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> 75 Argus</td><td> 75 Argus</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 55 (90)</td><td> 55 (90)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> min. m.p.h.(km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Endurance</b></td><td class='l'> hrs.</td><td> 3</td><td> 3-4</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912.</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>S</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>SCHELIES.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Richard Schelies, Conventstrasse 5 und 5b, Hamburg 23. Flying Station, etc.:
+Dockenhuden a/Elbe.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_164b.jpg" width="100%" alt='SCHELIES.' title='SCHELIES.'/>
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="SCHELIES.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th>  <b>1913.</b> Hydro-monoplane.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 23 (7)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 29-1/2 (9)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 323 (30)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 705 (320)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 220 (100)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> Rheinische Aero 35</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><!-- Page 148 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_148" id="Page_148">[Pg 148]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>SCHULZE.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Gustav Schulze, Flugzeug Werke, Burg b. Magdeburg. Schulze began to build in
+1910 light monoplanes, generally along <i>Santos-Dumont</i> lines. Maximum present capacity about 12
+machines a year.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_165a.jpg" width="100%" alt='SCHULZE.' title='SCHULZE.'/>
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="SCHULZE.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th><b>1912.</b> I.</th><th> <b>1912.</b> II.</th><th> <b>1912.</b> III (2-seater).</th><th> <b>1913.</b> I (2-seater).</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 19-3/4 (6)</td><td> 26-1/4 (8)</td><td> 21-1/3 (6.50)</td><td> 23 (7)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 26-1/4 (8)</td><td> 34-1/2 (10.50)</td><td> 28 (8.50)</td><td> 29-1/2 (9)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 172 (16)</td><td> 215 (20)</td><td> 172 (16)</td><td> 194 (18)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 330 (150)</td><td> 441 (200)</td><td> 441 (200)</td><td> 551 (250)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td></td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> 24-30 Hilz</td><td> 24-30 Hilz</td><td> 35 Haacke</td><td> 35 Haacke</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 48 (77)</td><td> 53 (85)</td><td> 56 (90)</td><td> 53 (85)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> 43 (70)</td><td> 50 (80)</td><td> 46 (75)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912.</td><td> 1</td><td> 3</td><td> 1</td><td> <i>Building.</i></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>SIGISMUND.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Prinz Sigismund von Preussen, Berlin.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_165b.jpg" width="100%" alt='SIGISMUND.' title='SIGISMUND.'/>
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="SIGISMUND.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2">Model and date.</th><th> Monoplane.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 29-1/2 (9)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 42-3/4 (13)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 323 (30)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 950 (430)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 395 (180)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'></td><td> Argus, 100</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 56 (90)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 2</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<p><!-- Page 149 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_149" id="Page_149">[Pg 149]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>U</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>UNION FLUGZEUGWERKE.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Union Flugzeugwerke G. m. b. H. Elsenstrasse
+106 &amp; 107, Berlin s. o. 36. Established 1913. Capital 500,000 marks. Capacity of works:
+20 machines a year.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_166.jpg" width="100%" alt='UNION FLUGZEUGWERKE.' title='UNION FLUGZEUGWERKE.'/>
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="UNION FLUGZEUGWERKE.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"> Model and date.</th><th> <b>Bomhard.</b> Pfeilflieger, <b>1913.</b></th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 32-3/4 (10)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 59 (18)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 450 (42)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1235 (560)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 617 (280)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'></td><td> 100 Argus</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 69 (110)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 62 (100)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> New firm</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><!-- Page 150 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_150" id="Page_150">[Pg 150]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>W</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>WRIGHT.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Flugmaschine Wright, G. m. b. H., Adlershof, bei Berlin. Company formed to trade
+in German rights for the Wright Bros.' patents. Considerable departures have been made from the
+U.S. pattern, and some have been built with a single propeller only. Capacity of works 100-150
+a year.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_167a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Armoured war aeroplane." title="Armoured war aeroplane." />
+<div class="left">Armoured war aeroplane.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="WRIGHT.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th> <b>1912.</b> Military.</th><th> <b>1913.</b> Sporting.</th><th> <b>1913.</b> Military.</th><th> <b>1913.</b> Military. 4-seater.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 28 (8.50)</td><td> 26-1/2 (8.20)</td><td> 31-1/2 (9.65)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 39-1/2 (12.20)</td><td> 31 (9.60)</td><td> 40-1/2 (12.50)</td><td> 44-1/4 (13.50)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 452 (42)</td><td> 323 (30)</td><td> 463 (43)</td><td> 463 (43)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 992 (450)</td><td> 837 (380)</td><td> 1433 (650)</td><td> 1653 (750)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 882 (400)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> 55 N.A.G.</td><td> 55 N.A.G.</td><td> 100 Argus or Mercedes</td><td> 100</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 50 (80)</td><td> 60 (95)</td><td> 60 (95)</td><td> 60 (95)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 10</td><td> ?</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>Z</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>ZIEGLER.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Ziegler, Potsdam. Established late in 1912.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_167a.jpg" width="100%" alt="ZIEGLER." title="ZIEGLER." />
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="ZIEGLER.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2"></th><th><b>1912-13.</b> Monoplane.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Length</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 31 (9.50)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Span</b></td><td class='l'> feet (m.)</td><td> 39-1/3 (12)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Area</b></td><td class='l'> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 344 (32)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Weight</b></td><td class='l'> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 881 (400)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 992 (450)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Motor</b></td><td class='l'> h.p.</td><td> 100 N.A.G.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Speed</b></td><td class='l'> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 60 (90)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td class='l'> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'><b>Endurance</b></td><td class='l'> hrs.</td><td> 2</td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r' colspan="2">Number built in 1912</td><td> 1</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><!-- Page 151 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_151" id="Page_151">[Pg 151]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="GERMAN_DIRIGIBLES" id="GERMAN_DIRIGIBLES"></a><b>GERMAN DIRIGIBLES.</b></h2>
+
+<p>(Approximately 1000 m&sup3;=35,000 c. feet.)</p>
+
+
+<p><b>Military.</b></p>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="ZIEGLER.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2">Date.</th><th> Name.</th><th> Make.</th><th> Type.</th><th>Capacity in m�.</th><th> Total H.P.</th><th> Speed. m.p.h. (km.)</th><th> Remarks.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'> 1908</td><td> <b>Z I</b></td><td> Zeppelin 3b</td><td> r.</td><td> 12100</td><td> 190</td><td> 29 (46)</td><td> as <i>rebuilt</i></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'> 1910</td><td> <b>Z II</b></td><td> Zeppelin 9b</td><td> r.</td><td> 18000</td><td> 345</td><td> 35 (56)</td><td> as <i>rebuilt</i></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td> <b>L. S I</b></td><td>Sch�tte Lanz 1</td><td> r.</td><td> 20000</td><td> 540</td><td> 40 (62)</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'> 1912</td><td> <b>Z III</b></td><td> Zeppelin 12</td><td> r.</td><td> 17800</td><td> 450</td><td> 49 (79)</td><td>was <i>Schwaben L. Z 10</i></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td> <b>L I</b></td><td> Zeppelin 14</td><td> r.</td><td> 22000</td><td> 450</td><td> 48 (77-1/2)</td><td> Naval: 1 gun</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'> 1913</td><td> <b>Z IV</b> (Z I <i>Ersatz</i>)</td><td> Zeppelin 15</td><td> r.</td><td> 21000</td><td> 450</td><td> 48 (77-1/2)</td><td> 4 guns</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'>Building.</td><td> <b>L II</b></td><td> Zeppelin 16</td><td> r.</td><td> 21000</td><td> 450</td><td> 48 (77-1/2)</td><td> Naval: <i>bldg.</i> 4 guns</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td> <b>S. L II</b></td><td>Sch�tte Lanz 2</td><td> r.</td><td> 26000</td><td> 450</td><td> 48 (77-1/2)</td><td> <i>Building</i></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r bt'> 1908</td><td class='bt'> <b>P I</b></td><td class='bt'> Parseval 2</td><td class='bt'> n.r.</td><td class='bt'> 3800</td><td class='bt'> 85</td><td class='bt'> 33-1/2 (54)</td><td  class='bt'></td><td  class='bt'></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'> 1911</td><td> <b>P III</b></td><td> Parseval 11</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 11000</td><td> 400</td><td> 42-1/2 (67)</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'> 1912</td><td> <b>M I</b></td><td> Gross-Bas 2</td><td> s.r.</td><td> 6000</td><td> 150</td><td> 28 (45)</td><td> old 1908 <i>rebuilt</i></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td> <b>M II</b></td><td> Gross-Bas 3</td><td> s.r.</td><td> 6000</td><td> 150</td><td> 28 (45)</td><td> old 1909 <i>rebuilt</i></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td> <b>M III</b></td><td> Gross-Bas 4</td><td> s.r.</td><td> 9000</td><td> 300</td><td> 42-1/2 (67)</td><td> old 1910 <i>rebuilt</i></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'> 1913</td><td> <b>M IV</b></td><td> Gross-Bas 5</td><td> s.r.</td><td> 12000</td><td> 400</td><td> 44-1/2 (70)</td><td> old 1911 <i>rebuilt</i></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td> <b>P II</b> ersatz</td><td> Parseval 8</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 8250</td><td> 300</td><td> 41 (66)</td><td> <i>Building</i></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td> <b>P IV</b></td><td> Parseval 16</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 10000</td><td> 360</td><td> 45 (72)</td><td> <i>Building</i></td><td></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><b>Private.</b><a name="FNanchor_D_4" id="FNanchor_D_4"></a><a href="#Footnote_D_4" class="fnanchor">[D]</a></p>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="ZIEGLER.">
+<tr><th class='r' colspan="2">Date.</th><th> Name.</th><th> Make.</th><th> Type.</th><th>Capacity in m�.</th><th> Total H.P.</th><th> Speed. m.p.h. (km.)</th><th> Remarks.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'> 1910</td><td> <b>DEUTCHLAND 2</b></td><td> Zeppelin 6a</td><td> r.</td><td> 15000</td><td> 345</td><td> 36 (58)</td><td> Deutschland <i>Ersatz</i> Delag</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'> 1912</td><td> <b>V. LUISE</b></td><td> Zeppelin 11</td><td> r.</td><td> 17000</td><td> 450</td><td> 40 (62)</td><td> Delag</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td> <b>HANSA</b></td><td> Zeppelin 13</td><td> r.</td><td> 17000</td><td> 450</td><td> 40 (62)</td><td> Delag</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'> 1913 <i>Bldg.</i></td><td> <b>SACHSEN</b></td><td> Zeppelin 17</td><td> r.</td><td> 21000</td><td></td><td> 48 (77-1/2)</td><td> <i>Building.</i> Delag</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r bt'> 1908</td><td class='bt'> <b>P. L 1</b></td><td class='bt'> Parseval 1</td><td class='bt'> n.r.</td><td class='bt'> 3200</td><td class='bt'> 185</td><td class='bt'> 20 (32)</td><td class='bt'></td><td class='bt'></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'> 1910</td><td> <b>STOLLWERCK</b></td><td> Parseval 6</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 9000</td><td> 220</td><td> 31 (50)</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'> 1911</td><td> <b>P. L 9</b></td><td> Parseval 9</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 2200</td><td> 50</td><td> 25 (40)</td><td> Sporting<a name="FNanchor_E_5" id="FNanchor_E_5"></a><a href="#Footnote_E_5" class="fnanchor">[E]</a></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td> <b>R 2</b></td><td> Ruthenberg 2</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 1700</td><td></td><td></td><td> Experimental</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'> 1912</td><td> <b>SUCHARD</b></td><td>Suchard reb'lt</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 6730</td><td> 200</td><td> 17 (28)</td><td> to be <i>rebuilt</i> 1913</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td> <b>P. L XII</b></td><td> Parseval 12</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 8800</td><td> 220</td><td> 33-1/2 (54)</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'> 1913</td><td> <b>P. L 10</b></td><td> Parseval 10</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 2200</td><td> 50</td><td> 25 (40)</td><td> <i>Building</i>: delayed</td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class='r'></td><td> <b>R 3</b></td><td> Ruthenberg 3</td><td> n.r.</td><td> 2700</td><td></td><td></td><td> <i>Building</i></td><td></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_D_4" id="Footnote_D_4"></a><a href="#FNanchor_D_4"><span class="label">[D]</span></a> P.L 9 reported sold to Turkey, April, 1913.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_E_5" id="Footnote_E_5"></a><a href="#FNanchor_E_5"><span class="label">[E]</span></a> Three other dirigibles, <i>Unger</i>, <i>Veeh</i>, and <i>Siemens-Schuckert</i>,
+are generally credited to Germany. Of these <i>Unger</i> is merely a project. <i>Veeh</i> has been talked
+about for four years, but has never reached completion. <i>Siemens-S.</i> has ceased to exist.</p></div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 152 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_152" id="Page_152">[Pg 152]</a></span></p>
+
+<h3><b>Dirigible Sheds.</b></h3>
+
+<p class="center">(<i>See Note.</i>)</p>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+ Bickendorf bei K�ln.<br/>
+ Biesdorf bei Berlin.<br/>
+*Bitterfeld (<i>Parseval Co.</i>)<br/>
+ Breslau.<br/>
+ Cuxhaven.<br/>
+ D�sseldorf (<i>Delag</i>)<br/>
+ Frankfurt a/m.<br/>
+ Friedrichshafen (<i>Zeppelin Co.</i>)<br/>
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+ Gotha.<br/>
+ Hamburg (<i>Delag</i>).<br/>
+*Johannisthal (<i>L.V.G.</i>)<br/>
+ Kiel (<i>private</i>).<br/>
+ K�nigsberg i/Pr.<br/>
+ Leichlingen.<br/>
+ Manzell (<i>Zeppelin Co.</i>)<br/>
+ Metz.<br/>
+*M�nchen (<i>private</i>).<br/>
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+ Oos bei Baden-Baden (<i>Delag</i>).<br/>
+ Potsdam (<i>Delag</i>)<br/>
+ Reinickendorf bei Berlin.<br/>
+ Rheinau.<br/>
+ Strassburg.<br/>
+ Stuttgart.<br/>
+ Thorn.<br/>
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<p><i>Note.</i>&mdash;Unless otherwise stated the above are
+military sheds. All private ones capable
+of holding <i>Zeppelins</i> are subsidised.
+*=not large enough for <i>Zeppelins</i>.</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>Dirigible Pilots.</b></h3>
+<p class="center">For M. dirigibles.</p>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+ Geerdtz, Oblt.<br />
+ George, Hptm.<br />
+ v. Jena, Hptm.<br />
+ Kirchner, Oberltn.<br />
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+ Lohmuller, Hptm.<br />
+ Masius, Oberltn.<br />
+ v. Muller, Hptm.<br />
+ Nichisch v. Rosenegk, Oberltn.<br />
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+ Schlutter, Obltn.<br />
+ Sperling, Major.<br />
+ von Zech, Obltn.<br />
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+
+<h3><b>Dirigible Pilots.</b></h3>
+
+<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Z</span>=Zeppelin. <span class="smcap">S</span>=Schutte-Lanz.
+<span class="smcap">P</span>=Parseval <i>pilot</i>.</p>
+
+<p class="center">(The number after each name is the Imperial
+Ae. C. certificate number.)</p>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">Z</span> Abercron, H. v. Major (1)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">Z</span> Bassus, K. v. (28)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">Z</span> Bentheim, Kapt. Lt. a. D. v. (34)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">Z</span> Blew (25)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Clouth, R. (8)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">P</span> Dinglinger, F. (2)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">Z</span> Dorr, W. E. (21)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">Z</span> Durr (9)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">Z</span> Eckener, Dr. (10)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">P</span> Forsbeck, Ob. Lt. A. D. (11)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">Z</span> Glund, F. (23)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">Z</span> Hacker, (12)</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">P</span> Hackstetter, Reg. B. a. D. (13)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">Z</span> Hanne, G. (32)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">Z</span> Heinen, A. (22)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">Z</span> Holzmann, Ob. Lt. A. (26)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">S</span> Honold, R. (29)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">P</span> Hormel, Kap. Lt. (14)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">P</span> Jordens, W. (19)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">P</span> Kehler, R. v. (6)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">P</span> Kiefer, T. (5)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Kleist, Hptm. a. D. v. (15)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">P</span>, <span class="smcap">Z</span> Krogh, Hptm. a. D. v. (16)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">Z</span> Lange, K. (30)</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">Z</span> Lau (17)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">Z</span> Lempertz, E. (33)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">Z</span> Mechlenburg, W. C. (35)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">Z</span> Meyer, Ob. Lt. E. (27)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">P</span> Parseval, A. v. (4)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">Z</span> Stahl, K. (31)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">P</span> Stelling, A. (3)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">Z</span> Sticker, J. (24)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">P</span> Thewaldt, C. H. (20)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">Z</span> Zeppelin, Graf. v. (7)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;"><span class="smcap">Z</span> Zeppelin, Graf. F. v. junr. (18)</span><br />
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 153 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_153" id="Page_153">[Pg 153]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3><b>GERMAN MILITARY CLASS&mdash;GROSS-BASENACH. (Semi-rigid)</b></h3>
+
+<p>Up to date, these vessels have been designed by Major Gross and Oberingenieur Basenach.</p>
+
+<p>The utmost secrecy is observed as to their details.</p>
+
+<p>The system of employing 2 ballonets has been borrowed from the <i>Parseval</i> type,
+and presumably the <i>Parseval</i> system of working the automatic valves has also been
+adopted.</p>
+
+<p>In all other features, these ships appear to resemble the French <i>Lebaudy</i> type, the
+shape of the hulls being rather better.</p>
+
+
+<p>List of ships built, re-built and re-building of this type:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="GERMAN MILITARY CLASS&mdash;GROSS-BASENACH.">
+<tr><td>1</td><td class="center"></td><td>= <b><i>Aeronautical Society.</i></b></td><td>(1,800 m&sup3;) <i>non-effective.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td>2</td><td class="center">(reconstructed)</td><td> = <b><i>M 1, Military.</i></b></td><td>(6,000 m&sup3;)</td></tr>
+<tr><td>3</td><td class="center">"</td><td>= <b><i>M 2, Military.</i></b></td><td>(6,000 m&sup3;)</td></tr>
+<tr><td>4</td><td class="center">"</td><td>= <b><i>M 3, Military.</i></b></td><td>(9,000 m&sup3;)</td></tr>
+<tr><td>5</td><td class="center">"</td><td>= <b><i>M 4, Military.</i></b></td><td>(12,000 m&sup3;)</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><!-- Page 154 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_154" id="Page_154">[Pg 154]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>M I</i></b> (re-built 1912), <b><i>&amp; M II</i></b> (re-built 1912). <b><i>Military.</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_171a.jpg" width="100%" alt="M I and M II Military." title="M I and M II Military." />
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Length,</b> 242&frac34; feet (74 m.) <b>maximum diameter,</b> 36 feet (11 m.) <b>capacity</b>, 212,000 c. feet (6,000 m&sup3;) <b>total lift</b>, 13,338 lbs. (6,050 kg.) <i>about</i> 6 tons</p>
+
+<p><b>Useful lift.</b>&mdash;2,756 lbs. (1,250 kgs.)=about 1&frac14; tons.</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bag.</b>&mdash;Continental rubber cloth, diagonal thread. Tapering shape.</p>
+
+<p><b>Ballonet.</b>&mdash;One-fifth of total volume.</p>
+
+<p><b>Motors.</b>&mdash;2-75 h.p. Daimler. 2 propellers, with 3 aluminium blades.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;About 28 m.p.h. (45 km.).</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.&mdash;M I</i> was originally built in 1908, re-built and enlarged 1910 and again in 1912. <i>M II</i> built
+1909, re-constructed 1912.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_171b.jpg" width="100%" alt="M I and M II Military Schematic." title="M I and M II Military Schematic." />
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 155 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_155" id="Page_155">[Pg 155]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>M III</i></b> (re-built 1912). <b><i>Military.</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_172.jpg" width="100%" alt="M III Military." title="M III Military." />
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Length</b>, 295&frac14; feet (90 m.) <b>diameter</b>, 39-1/3 feet (12 m.) <b>volume</b>, 317,800 c. feet (9,000 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Motors.</b>&mdash;4 K&ouml;rting of 75 h.p. each = 300 h.p. total.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;19 metres per second = 42 m.p.h. (68&frac12; k.p.h.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;2, on outriggers from car, chain-driven.</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;Built 1910. Burned 13th September, 1911. Rebuilt 1912.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>M IV</i></b> (re-built 1913). <b><i>Military.</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="ibox"></div>
+
+<p><b>Maximum length</b>, 334&frac34; feet (102 m.) <b>maximum diameter</b>, 44&frac12; feet (13.5 m.) <b>volume</b>, 423,800 c. feet (12,000 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Total lift.</b>&mdash;   lbs. (   kgs.) <b>Useful lift</b>,   lbs. (   kgs.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bags.</b>&mdash;Continental.</p>
+
+<p><b>Motors.</b>&mdash;2 K&ouml;rting, 100 h.p. each = total 200 h.p.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;44&frac12; m.p.h. (70&frac12; k.p.h.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;4 (two for each motor.) Carried on outriggers projecting from the car.</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;Departs from previous practice in having two separate cars, each of which contains one motor.
+Originally built in 1911 of 7,500 m&sup3;. Re-built 1912-1913 to details as above.</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 156 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_156" id="Page_156">[Pg 156]</a></span></p>
+
+<h3><span class="u">PARSEVAL CLASS (Non-rigid).</span></h3>
+
+<p>Luftfahrzeug-Gesellschaft m.b.H, Berlin, W. 62.</p>
+
+<p>When the "Motorluftschiff Studien Gesellschaft" was formed at the instigation of the German Emperor,
+a committee was formed to acquire an experimental airship of the most promising type. Major Von Parseval's
+first airship was selected, and since that time the above company has confined itself to improving this type, and
+to making exhaustive and costly researches, all of which have been embodied in successive ships.</p>
+
+<p>The characteristic feature of every one of these craft is its unequalled portability. Almost all other
+so-called Non-rigid vessels distribute the load by means of a long girder which also serves as a car. This girder
+is awkward to pack up and transport. Parseval uses a comparatively small car, and distributes the weight
+by hanging it further below the balloon than usual, and also by using 2 ballonets which are placed one near
+each end of the gas bag.</p>
+
+<p>These 2 ballonets enable the ship to be trimmed by merely pumping air into either at the expense of
+the other.</p>
+
+<p>Another essential feature of the type is the system by which the valves are worked automatically. At
+the present time there is no other system of valve working so reliable as this.</p>
+
+<p>A third essential feature of the class is the use of a swinging car, in such a manner that pitching, due
+to alterations of propeller thrust, is automatically checked by an alteration of the position of the centre of gravity.</p>
+
+<p>A fourth feature is the use of limp propeller blades. A propeller of this type is very easily packed up.</p>
+
+<p>The shape of these vessels is in accordance with the experiments of Professor Prandtl.</p>
+
+<p>Ships of this class built or building (figures supplied by the Parseval Co.):&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="GERMAN MILITARY CLASS&mdash;GROSS-BASENACH.">
+<tr><td colspan="2"><b><i>EXPERIMENTAL PARSEVAL</i></b></td><td>2,300 m�.</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><i>P. L. 1</i></b></td><td><b><i>Kals. Ae. C</i></b></td><td>3,200 m�.</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2"><b><i>MILITARY P I</i></b></td><td>4,000 m�.</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2"><b><i>MILITARY P II</i></b></td><td>6,600 m�.</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><i>P. L. 4</i></b></td><td><b><i>Austrian Military</i></b></td><td>2,300 m�.</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><i>P. L. 5</i></b></td><td><b><i>Luftverkehrs Gesellschaft</i></b></td><td>1,450 m�.</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><i>P. L. 6</i></b></td><td><b><i>"</i></b></td><td>9,000 m�.</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><i>P. L. 7</i></b></td><td><b><i>Russian Army</i></b></td><td>7,600 m�.</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><i>P. L. 8</i></b></td><td><b><i>MILITARY P II Ersatz</i></b></td><td>8,250 m�.</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><i>P. L. 9</i></b></td><td><b><i>Luftverkehrs Gesellschaft</i></b></td><td>2,200 m�.</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><i>P. L. 10</i></b></td><td><b><i>Motorluftschiff Studien Gesellschaft</i></b></td><td>2,200 m�.</td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2"><b><i>MILITARY P III</i></b></td><td>11,000 m�.</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><i>P. L. 12</i></b></td><td><b><i>Luftverkehrs Gesellschaft</i></b></td><td>8,800 m�.</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><i>P. L. 13</i></b></td><td><b><i>Japanese Army</i></b></td><td>8,500 m�.</td></tr>
+<tr><td><!-- Page 157 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_157" id="Page_157">[Pg 157]</a></span></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><i>P. L. 14</i></b></td><td><b><i>Russian Army</i></b></td><td>9,500 m�.</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><i>P. L. 15</i></b></td><td><b><i>Italian Army</i></b></td><td>10,000 m�.</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><i>P. L. 16</i></b></td><td><b><i>MILITARY P IV, Prussian Army</i></b></td><td>10,000 m�.</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><i>P. L. 17</i></b></td><td><b><i>Italian Army</i></b></td><td>10,000 m�.</td></tr>
+<tr><td><b><i>P. L. 18</i></b></td><td><b><i>British Navy</i></b></td><td>8,800 m�.</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>(Of the above, the Experimental is no longer in existence, <i>P. 2</i> is out of service, and <i>P. L. 3</i> has been
+burned and destroyed).</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>PARSEVAL (P.L. 1).</i></b> (1908.) (Belongs to the Kaiserl. Aero Club.)
+<b><i>(Parseval class.)</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_174.jpg" width="100%" alt="PARSEVAL (P.L. 1)." title="PARSEVAL (P.L. 1)." />
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Length,</b> 197 feet (60 m.) <b>max. diam.</b> 31 feet (9.4 m) <b>capacity,</b> 113,000 c. feet (3,200m&sup3;) <b>lifting power,</b> 7,800 lbs. (3,583 kgs.)</p>
+<p><b>Gas bag.</b>&mdash;Cylindrical, with semi-conical front. Of rubber-proofed material in longitudinal strips.
+Pressure in ballonets and gas bag, 30 mm. of water.</p>
+<p><b>Motor.</b>&mdash;One 85 h.p. Daimler.</p>
+<p><b>Fuel.</b>&mdash;700 lbs. (325 kg.) 88 gallons (400 litres)</p>
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;20 m.p.h. (32 k.p.h.)</p>
+<p><b>Propeller.</b>&mdash;One 4-bladed. Semi-rigid Parseval.</p>
+
+<p>This vessel was somewhat altered on being bought by the Society. Her essential principle is
+that she can be taken to pieces in a few minutes, and carried in a truck. Her main feature is that she
+has a ballonet at each end. This is described in the case of type A (<i>P.L. 2</i>). This class rise with the
+forward ballonet empty, and inclined up by the bow. The propeller is similar to that of <i>P.L. 2</i>. The
+car also is mounted on wire runners. She was originally 4,000 m&sup3;. capacity. Built 1908. Station:
+Bitterfeld. The car is at present in Deutsches Museum, Munich.
+<!-- Page 158 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_158" id="Page_158">[Pg 158]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>PARSEVAL P.L. 2 = P. I. Military.</i></b> (1908.)</h4>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_175a.jpg" width="100%" alt="PARSEVAL P.L. 2 = P. I. Military." title="PARSEVAL P.L. 2 = P. I. Military." />
+</div>
+
+<p>Built by the "Society for the Study of Motor Air Ships," and taken over by the German War Office.</p>
+
+<p><b>Length,</b> 197 feet (60 m.) <b>maximum diameter,</b> 34 feet (10.40 m.) <b>capacity,</b> 111,270 cubic feet (4,000 cubic m.) <b>lifting power,</b> 9,200 lbs. (4,180 kgs.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bag.</b>&mdash;Front end semi-ellipsoidal with semi-axes 15.4 feet (4.7 m.) and 11.8 feet (3.6 m.), from which it increases to its maximum diameter.
+This is maintained for about two-thirds of its length, when it begins to taper to a point at the stern.
+Made of 2 layers of transverse strips of rubber proofed material, crossing each other diagonally. Fitted with a
+tearing strip.</p>
+
+<p><b>Ballonets.</b>&mdash;One at each end, together amounting to about one-quarter of the total capacity.
+Owing to this disposition, the trim can be altered, and steering effected in the vertical plane by filling either more
+than the other.
+Pressure in the ballonets and gas bag, 20 mm. of water pressure.</p>
+
+<p><b>Motor.</b>&mdash;4-cylinder 85 h.p. Daimler placed at one side of the car to give more room. 1,000 to 1,200 r.p.m.</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;12-1/3 feet (3.75 m.) diameter, 250 to 300 r.p.m. 4-bladed, the blades being of peculiar construction. When stopped, the fabric
+of which they are made hangs down limply; when running, these flaps fly out under centrifugal force.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;27 miles per hour. 43 kilometers per hour.</p>
+
+<p><b>Car.&mdash;Length</b>, 22-1/3 feet (6.8 m.) Width 4.1 feet (1.22 m.)
+Made of nickel steel, U bars, screwed together so as to take the pieces rapidly.
+The sides are lattice girders. The whole is boat shaped and covered with canvas.
+Contains motor, chart table; trail rope 480 feet (146 m.) long, weighing 220 lbs. (100 kg.)
+Wheel for horizontal steering at the bow.
+110 gal. (500 litre) cask of petrol on the girders at the after point.
+41 feet (12&frac12; m.) below the gas bag. It is capable of swinging horizontally on wires running over rollers.
+Whereas without this device a forward swing of the car would lift the nose to a possibly dangerous extent, the free motion
+of the car shifts the centre of the gravity forward and so preserves stability.</p>
+
+<p><b>Steering.</b>&mdash;In vertical plane, by altering the trim.
+In horizontal plane, by a rudder of 80.7 sq. feet (7&frac12; m&sup2;) immediately behind the vertical plane.
+Two fixed horizontal planes are placed at the rear end of the gas bag above the central line.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_175b.jpg" width="100%" alt="PARSEVAL II." title="PARSEVAL II." />
+<div class="left">PARSEVAL II.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Table of weights</b>:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="GERMAN MILITARY CLASS&mdash;GROSS-BASENACH.">
+<tr><td>Gas bag</td><td>1,653</td><td class="center">lbs.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Cordage</td><td>220.5 </td><td class="center">"</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Trail rope</td><td>220</td><td class="center">"</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Car and motor</td><td>529</td><td class="center">"</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Fuel</td><td>770</td><td class="center">"</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Oil</td><td>160</td><td class="center">"</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Oil and fuel tanks, instruments, miscellaneous</td><td>1,637</td><td class="center">"</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Crew, passengers, ballast</td><td>1,654</td><td class="center">"</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="center">Total</td><td>6,834</td><td class="center">lbs.</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Note.</i>&mdash;This remarkably successful ship has performed a continuous
+flight of 11&frac12; hours. She also remained at a height of
+4,800 feet (1,500 m.) for 1 hour. She can be transported in 1 railway
+truck or 2 pair horse wagons, and be assembled
+and filled ready for ascent within 3 hours of arrival by train.</p>
+
+<p>Built 1908. Station: Metz.<!-- Page 159 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_159" id="Page_159">[Pg 159]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>PARSEVAL P.L. 6. "Stollwerck."</i></b> (1910.)</h4>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_176a.jpg" width="100%" alt="PARSEVAL P.L. 6." title="PARSEVAL P.L. 6." />
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Length</b>, 229&frac34; feet (70 m.) <b>Diameter</b>, 49&frac14; feet (15 m.) <b>Volume</b>, 318,000 c. feet (9,000 m&sup3;)</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bags.</b>&mdash;Riedinger.</p>
+
+<p><b>Motors.</b>&mdash;2 N.A.G. of 110 h.p. each = 220 h.p.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;31 m.p.h. (50 k.p.h.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;Two 4-bladed. Semi-rigid material.</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;Station, Johannisthal.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>PARSEVAL P.L. 8. = P II. Ersatz. Military.</i></b> (1913.)</h4>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_176b.jpg" width="100%" alt="PARSEVAL P.L. 8." title="PARSEVAL P.L. 8." />
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Maximum length</b>, 252&frac34; feet (77 m.) <b>maximum diameter</b>, 50&frac34; feet (15.50 m.) <b>volume</b>, 290,000 c. feet (8,250 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Total lift.</b>&mdash;5&frac12; tons=12,125 lbs. (5,500 kgs.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bags.</b>&mdash;2 ballonets, usual arrangement.</p>
+
+<p><b>Motors.</b>&mdash;300 h.p. made up of two 150 h.p. Daimler motors, placed one behind the other.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;41 m.p.h. (66 km.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;2 Parseval, 4-bladed, semi-rigid steel.</p>
+
+<p><b>Steering.</b>&mdash;As in others.</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;Station, Cologne, (C&ouml;ln).<!-- Page 160 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_160" id="Page_160">[Pg 160]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>PARSEVAL P.L. 9</i></b> (1910), <b><i>&amp; 10.</i></b> (Building 1913.)</h4>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_177a.jpg" width="100%" alt="PARSEVAL P.L. 9." title="PARSEVAL P.L. 9." />
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Maximum length</b>, 164 feet (50 m.) <b>maximum diameter</b>, 26&frac14; feet (8 m.) <b>volume</b>, 77,700 c. feet (2,200 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Total lift.</b>&mdash;2,910 lbs. (1,320 kgs.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bag.</b>&mdash;Continental fabric. One central ballonet instead of the usual two.</p>
+
+<p><b>Motors.</b>&mdash;1 N.A.G. of 50 h.p.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;25 m.p.h. (40 k.p.h.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;One 2-bladed, wooden. Diameter, 9&frac34; feet (3 m.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Steering.</b>&mdash;Differs from other standard types, in that only one ballonet being fitted, an elevator is introduced
+under the bow.</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;Small ships for sporting purposes. A remarkably successful type of small dirigible.
+A small <i>P.L. 5</i>, burned 1912. <i>P.L. 10</i> delayed owing to press of other work.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_177b.jpg" width="100%" alt="PARSEVAL TYPE D." title="PARSEVAL TYPE D." />
+<div class="left">PARSEVAL TYPE D.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>PARSEVAL P.L. 11.</i></b> = <b><i>P. III. Military.</i></b> (1911.)</h4>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/ill_177c.jpg" width="100%" alt="P. III. Military." title="P. III. Military." /></div>
+
+<p><b>Maximum length</b>, 272-1/3 feet (83 m.) <b>maximum diameter</b>, 53 feet (16.20 m.) <b>volume</b>, 388,450 c. feet (11,000 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Total lift.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bags.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>Motors.</b>&mdash;2 K&ouml;rting, each of 200 h.p.=400 total.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;42 m.p.h. (67 k.p.h.) (18.3 metres p. sec.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;Two 4-bladed Parseval.</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;Built 1911. Station, Koenigsberg.<!-- Page 161 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_161" id="Page_161">[Pg 161]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>PARSEVAL P.L. 12. "Charlotte."</i></b> (1912.)</h4>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/ill_178.jpg" width="100%" alt='PARSEVAL P.L. 12. "Charlotte."' title='PARSEVAL P.L. 12. "Charlotte."' /></div>
+
+<p><b>Maximum length</b>, 259 feet (79 m.) <b>maximum diameter</b>, 49&frac34; feet (15.20 m.) <b>volume</b>, 300,750 c. feet (8,800 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Total lift.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bags.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>Motors.</b>&mdash;2 N.A.G. of 110 h.p. each=220 total.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;33&frac12; m.p.h.=54 k.p.h. (15 m. per sec.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;2 Parseval.</p>
+
+<p><b>Steering.</b>&mdash;Usual.</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;Built 1911. Station: Wanne.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>PARSEVAL P.L. 16 = P. IV. Military.</i></b> (1913.)</h4>
+
+<div class="ibox"><i>Completing.</i></div>
+
+<p><b>Maximum length</b>, 308&frac12; feet (94 m.) <b>maximum diameter</b>, 51&frac12; feet (15.50 m.) <b>volume</b>, 353,000 c. feet (10,000 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bags.</b>&mdash;Metzler.</p>
+
+<p><b>Motors.</b>&mdash;2 Maybach, of 180 each=360 h.p.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;45 m.p.h.=72 k.p.h. (20 m. per sec.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;Two 4-bladed, wooden (on trial).</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;For the Prussian Army. Station: Berlin.<!-- Page 162 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_162" id="Page_162">[Pg 162]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>RUTHENBERG II.</i></b> (1911).</h4>
+
+<p>H. Ruthenberg, Lehderstrasse 16/19, Weissensee bei Berlin:
+also Luftfahrzeug-Ges, Ruthenberg, Krefeld.</p>
+
+<div class="ibox"><i>Small ships on Parseval lines. Still existing, but stored away.</i></div>
+
+<p><b>Maximum length,</b> 151 feet (46 m.) <b>diameter</b>, 24&frac14; feet 7.40 (m.) <b>volume</b>, 60,000 c. feet (1,700 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bags.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>Motor.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;2 Ruthenberg.</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>RUTHENBERG III.</i></b> (1913).</h4>
+
+<div class="ibox"><i>Building.</i></div>
+
+<p><b>Length</b>, feet (m.) <b>diameter</b>, feet (m.) <b>volume</b>, 95,000 c. feet (2,700 m&sup3;)</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bags.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>Motor.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>Propeller.</b>&mdash;Ruthenberg.</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>SUCHARD. Non-rigid (Trans-Atlantic).</i></b> (Re-constructed 1912).</h4>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/ill_179.jpg" width="100%" alt="SUCHARD. Non-rigid (Trans-Atlantic)." title="SUCHARD. Non-rigid (Trans-Atlantic)." /></div>
+
+<p><b>Maximum length</b>, 198&frac12; feet (60/5 m.) <b>maximum diameter</b>, 56&frac14; feet (17.11 m.) <b>volume</b>, 237,681 cubic feet (6,730 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Total weight.</b>&mdash;About 2 tons (2,130 kgs.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bags.</b>&mdash;Metzeler fabric. One ballonet.</p>
+
+<p><b>Motors.</b>&mdash;2 of 100 h.p. (one a N.A.G., the other an Escher). Placed one behind the other. A 4 h.p. motor
+carried for auxiliary purposes. Petrol carried, (1700 kil.) Oil, (300 kil.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;17 m.p.h. (28 k.p.h).</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;Two 2-bladed Zeise. Diameter, 9&frac34; feet (3 m.) Chain driven.</p>
+
+<p><b>Steering.</b>&mdash;Elevation by moving weight slung on cable under body.
+Rudder aft.</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;Built March, 1911, with a view to crossing the Atlantic from the Canaries to the Antilles.
+Re-constructed 1912. Proposed further re-construction in 1913.<!-- Page 163 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_163" id="Page_163">[Pg 163]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>SCH&Uuml;TTE-LANZ 1. Military. S.L. I.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>(1911.) H. Heinrich Lanz, Rheinau
+bei Mannheim.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/ill_180.jpg" width="100%" alt="SCH&Uuml;TTE-LANZ 1. Military. S.L. I." title="SCH&Uuml;TTE-LANZ 1. Military. S.L. I." /></div>
+
+<p><b>Maximum length,</b> 426 feet (130 m.) <b>maximum diameter</b>, 60&frac12; feet (18.40 m.) <b>volume</b>, 706,000 c. feet (20,000 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Total lift.</b>&mdash;About 20 tons (20,000 kgs.) <b>Useful lift.</b>&mdash;About 5 tons (5,000 kgs.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bags.</b>&mdash;These are of great strength and of unusual shapes, made to fit the interior, which is
+encumbered with cross stays. All but two of the bags are always full, and when the gas expands it
+flows into the remaining two, which are nearly empty at sea level, and full at 6500 feet (2,000 m.) A
+centrifugal pump is used for distributing the gas. There are 14 gas bags.</p>
+
+<p><b>Motors.</b>&mdash;2 Maybach of 270 h.p. each. The propellers are at the ends of the car, driven through 1 set
+of reduction gear. <b>Speed.</b>&mdash;38-43 m.p.h. About 59-64 k.p.h.</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;2 aft. Also 1 with its axis vertical.</p>
+
+<p><b>Steering.</b>&mdash;Vertical and horizontal rudders at both ends of the ship. Also see Propellers.</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;Two of these ships were under construction, and one was to be presented and one sold
+to the German government. The hull is built of special 3-ply wood made of Russian white fir; this wood
+is pressed into channel bars, angle bars, and all other requisite shapes. The strength of the hull is such
+that it can be supported at the ends without damage; its lightness is such that although the ship is nearly
+half as large again as <i>Zeppelin II</i>, yet the hull weighs about 3 tons less. Designed by Prof. Sch&uuml;tte.</p>
+
+<p>In 1910, structural defects were found in <i>Sch&uuml;tte I</i> when the loads were applied. This has necessitated
+extensive alterations and much delay. In 1911 it was completed, and sold for &pound;25,000 to the German
+Army.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>SCH&Uuml;TTE-LANZ 2. Military. S.L. II.</i></b> (1913.)</h4>
+
+<div class="ibox"><i>Building.</i>
+Enlarged edition of above.
+918,000 c. feet (26,000 m&sup3;.)]</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 164 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_164" id="Page_164">[Pg 164]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>ZEPPELIN type. Rigid.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Graf von Zeppelin, Friedrichshafen.</p>
+
+<p>The features of this type are&mdash;A rigid framework of aluminium, a number of drum-shaped gas bags, and a thin outer cover.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/ill_181.jpg" width="100%" alt="ZEPPELIN type. Rigid." title="ZEPPELIN type. Rigid." /></div>
+
+<p>At the end of March, 1913, the total of <i>Zeppelins</i>, limit and building was 16, including one (number 18) for Austria. Of these several had come to grief in various ways, and the actual total at the date mentioned, was:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>8 effective</b> = 4 Army (of which one <i>Z4</i> was still on trials), 1 naval and 3 private.</p>
+
+<p>3 completing or building = 1 naval, 1 private and 1 for Austria.</p>
+
+<p>Others projected but not actually in hand.</p>
+
+<p>All are on the lines of the above plan, differing only in minor details, such as the provision of a cabin amidships, etc., and in dimensions.</p>
+
+<p>Details see the following pages.<!-- Page 165 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_165" id="Page_165">[Pg 165]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="GERMAN MILITARY CLASS&mdash;GROSS-BASENACH.">
+<tr><td class="l" colspan="2">Name</td><td> <b>Z I.</b></td><td> <i>Ersatz.</i> <b>DEUTSCHLAND.</b></td><td> <b>Z II.</b></td><td> <b>VICT. LUISE.</b></td><td> <b>Z III.</b> <i>(ex Schwaben)</i></td><td> <b>HANSA.</b></td><td> <b>L I.</b></td><td> <i>(Ersatz Z I.)</i> <b>Z IV.</b></td><td> <b>L II.</b></td><td> <b>SACHSEN.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="l" colspan="2"> <b>Zeppelin</b> No.</td><td> <b>3b.</b></td><td> <b>6a.</b></td><td> <b>9b.</b></td><td> <b>11.</b></td><td> <b>12.</b></td><td> <b>13.</b></td><td> <b>14.</b></td><td> <b>15.</b></td><td> <b>16.</b></td><td> <b>17.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="l" colspan="2"> Date</td><td> <b>1908.</b></td><td> <b>1910.</b></td><td> <b>1911.</b></td><td> <b>1912.</b></td><td> <b>1912.</b></td><td> <b>1912.</b></td><td> <b>1912.</b></td><td> <b>1913.</b></td><td> <b>1913.</b></td><td> <b>1913.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="l bb" colspan="2"> Service</td><td class="bb"> <b>Army.</b></td><td class="bb"> "Delag."</td><td class="bb"> <b>Army.</b></td><td class="bb"> "Delag."</td><td class="bb"> <b>Army.</b></td><td class="bb"> "Delag."</td><td class="bb"> <b>Navy.</b></td><td class="bb"> <b>Army.</b></td><td class="bb"> <b>Navy.</b></td><td class="bb"> "Delag."</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Volume</b></td><td class="l"> c. feet</td><td> 424,000</td><td> 682,000</td><td> 635,000</td><td> 667,000</td><td> 629,000</td><td> 660,000</td><td> 776,000</td><td> 742,000</td><td> 742,000</td><td> 742,000</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> (m�.)</td><td> <b>12,000</b></td><td> <b>19,000</b></td><td> <b>18,000</b></td><td> <b>18,700</b></td><td> <b>17,800</b></td><td> <b>18,700</b></td><td> <b>22,000</b></td><td> <b>21,000</b></td><td> <b>21,000</b></td><td> <b>21,000</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 446 (136)</td><td> 479 (136)</td><td> 459 (140)</td><td> 485-1/2 (148)</td><td> 459 (140)</td><td> 485-1/2 (148)</td><td> 518 (158)</td><td> 492 (150)</td><td> 492 (150)</td><td> 492 (150)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Diameter</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 38-1/2 (11.66)</td><td> 46 (14)</td><td> 46 (14)</td><td> 46 (14)</td><td> 46 (14)</td><td> 46 (14)</td><td> 47-1/2 (14.5)</td><td> 47-1/2 (14.5)</td><td> 47-1/2 (14.5)</td><td> 47-1/2 (14.5)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2"><b>Envelope</b></td><td> Pegamoid</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Gas Bags</b> </td><td class="l">fabric</td><td> Continental</td><td> Continental</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> Continental</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> number</td><td> 17</td><td> 16</td><td> 16</td><td> 18</td><td> 16</td><td> 18</td><td> ...</td><td> 18</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Lift</b></td><td class="l"> total tons</td><td> 12-1/2</td><td> 16-1/2</td><td> 17</td><td> 19</td><td> 17</td><td> 19</td><td> 22</td><td> 21</td><td> 21</td><td> 21</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> useful tons</td><td> 3-1/2</td><td> 5</td><td> 4-1/2</td><td> ...</td><td> 4-1/2</td><td> ...</td><td> 6</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motors</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> 2--85 Daimler (= 170)</td><td> 3--115 Daimler (= 345)</td><td> 3--120 Maybach (= 360)</td><td> 3--150 Maybach (= 450)</td><td> 3--150 Maybach (= 450)</td><td> 3--150 Maybach (= 450)</td><td> 3--150 Maybach (= 450)</td><td> 3--150 Maybach (= 450)</td><td> (= 450)</td><td>(= 450)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Propellers</b></td><td class="l"> number</td><td> 4</td><td> 4</td><td> 4</td><td> 4</td><td> 4</td><td> 4</td><td> 4</td><td> 4</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> blades</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td><td> ...</td><td> 2 forward, 4 aft</td><td> 2 forward, 4 aft</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> diam feet (m.)</td><td> ...</td><td> 12 (3.60)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Max. Speed</b></td><td class="l"> m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 29 (46)</td><td> 36 (57.5)</td><td> 35 (56)</td><td> 40 (62)</td><td> 49 (79)</td><td> 40 (62)</td><td> 48 (77)</td><td> 48 (77)</td><td> 48 (77)</td><td> 48 (77)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Full speed endurance</b></td><td class="l"> hrs.</td><td> 15</td><td> 20</td><td> 20</td><td> 40</td><td> 25</td><td> 40</td><td> 35</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2"><b>Complement</b></td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td>8 crew, 25 passengers</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 21</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2"><b>Station</b></td><td> Metz</td><td> Oos</td><td> Cologne</td><td> Wechselnd</td><td> Cologne</td><td> Weschselnd</td><td> Hamburg</td><td> ...</td><td> Johannisthal</td><td> Leipsig</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><!-- Page 166 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_166" id="Page_166">[Pg 166]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_183a.jpg" width="100%" alt='Z1 Military. Shortly to be struck off list.' title='Z1 Military. Shortly to be struck off list.' />
+<div class="left"><b><i>Z1 Military.</i></b> (1908.) <i>Obsolete.</i> Shortly to be struck off list.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_183b.jpg" width="100%" alt="ERSATZ DEUTSCHLAND. (Private.) (1910.)" title="ERSATZ DEUTSCHLAND. (Private.) (1910.)" />
+<div class="left"><b><i>ERSATZ DEUTSCHLAND. (Private.)</i></b> (1910.)</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_183c.jpg" width="100%" alt="Z II. Military. (1911.)" title="Z II. Military. (1911.)" />
+<div class="left"><b><i>Z II. Military.</i></b> (1911.)</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_183d.jpg" width="100%" alt="VIKTORIA LUISE. (Private.) (1912)." title="VIKTORIA LUISE. (Private.) (1912)." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>VIKTORIA LUISE. (Private.)</i></b> (1912).</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 167 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_167" id="Page_167">[Pg 167]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_184a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Z III. Military. (1912.)" title="Z III. Military. (1912.)" />
+<div class="left"><b><i>Z III. Military.</i></b> (1912.)</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_184b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Zeppelin dirigible.Sachsen." title="Zeppelin dirigible. Sachsen." />
+<div class="left">Zeppelin dirigible. <span class="smcap">Sachsen.</span></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_184c.jpg" width="100%" alt="HANSA. (Private). (1912.)" title="HANSA. (Private). (1912.)" />
+<div class="left"><b><i>HANSA. (Private).</i></b> (1912.)</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<div class="ibox">
+No photo procurable.<br/>
+Generally resembles <i>Z IV.</i>
+</div>
+<div class="left"><b><i>L I. Naval.</i></b> (1912.) Armament: 1 gun on top.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_184d.jpg" width="100%" alt="Photo. Deliius." title="Photo. Deliius." />
+<div class="right"><i>Photo. Deliius.</i></div>
+<div class="left"><b><i>Z IV. Military.</i></b> (1913). Armament: 1 gun on top, 1 in each gondola, 1 can be lowered
+from central cabin</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 168 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_168" id="Page_168">[Pg 168]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="GREEK" id="GREEK"></a><b>GREEK.</b></h2>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Societies:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p><i>None.</i></p></div>
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Journals:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p><i>None.</i></p></div>
+
+<h4><b>Military Aeroplanes:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<p>At end of March, 1913, these included:&mdash;1 <i>Astra</i> hydro.
+(fitted with Scott's bomb dropper), 2 or 3 <i>Nieuports</i>,
+1&mdash;100 h.p. <i>M. Farman</i>, and probably some others. Owing
+to the war, details are unobtainable. 3 <i>Bleriots</i> reported
+captured from the Turks, and 15 <i>Farmans</i> on order.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Military Aviators:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Adamis (824 Ae. C. F.)<br />
+Kamberos (744 Ae. C. F.)<br />
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+Montoussis (839 Ae. C. F.)<br />
+Mutassas, Sub-lt., naval.<br />
+</div>
+<div class="nlist">
+Savoff, Lt.<br />
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<h4><b>Flying Grounds</b>:&mdash;</h4>
+
+<p><b>Phaleron.</b></p>
+
+
+<div class="bbox" style="width: 10em; padding: 1em;">
+Killed 1913.<br />
+Argyropulus, Lt.<br />
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 169 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_169" id="Page_169">[Pg 169]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="ITALIAN" id="ITALIAN"></a><b>ITALIAN.</b></h2>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Societies:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Ae. C. d'Italia (Ae.C.I.), 62 via Colonna, Rome.</p>
+
+<p>Ae. Club di Roma (Ae.C.I.), 183, via del Triton, Rome.</p>
+
+<p>Circolo, Aeronautico Napoletano, 295 v. Roma, Naples.</p>
+
+<p>Lega Aerea Nazionale (L.A.N.), 6 via della Signora, Milan.</p>
+
+<p>Societa Aeronautica Italiana (S.A.I.),</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot">
+4 via Boccaccio, Milan.<br />
+6, via Cernaia, Turin.<br />
+</p>
+
+<p>Societa Aviazone, di Torino (S.A.T.), 28 via Roma, Turin.</p>
+
+<p>Societa Ital. di Aviazone, (S.I.A.), 14 v. Monte Napoleone, Milan.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Journals:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<h5>(3 times a week.)</h5>
+
+<p><i>Gazzetta dello Sport</i>, 15 v. della Signora, Milan. L&mdash;.05 (=1/2d.)</p>
+
+<h5>(Weekly):</h5>
+
+<p><i>Italia Sportiva</i>, Rome. L&mdash;.05 per no. (=1/2d.)</p>
+
+<p><i>Lettura Sportiva</i>, 17 corso Porta Romana, Milan. L&mdash;.10 (=1d.)</p>
+
+<p><i>Sports (Gli).</i> 46 and dei Prefretti, Rome. L&mdash;.05 (=1/2d.)</p>
+
+<p><i>Stampa Sportiva</i>, 3 v. Davide Bertolotti, Turin. L&mdash;.10 (=1d.)</p>
+
+<p><i>Tribuna Sport</i>, 22 via S. Giacomo, Naples. L&mdash;.10 (=1d.)</p>
+
+<h5>(Monthly):</h5>
+
+<p><i>Rivista della L.A.N.</i> (Lega Aerea Nazionale), Milan.</p>
+
+<p><i>Rivista del T.C.I.</i> (Touring Club Italiano), 14 v. Monte Napoleone, Milan.
+L&mdash;.40 (=4d.)</p>
+
+<p><i>La Navigazione Aerea</i> (Bolletino dell' Ae. C. d'Italia). L&mdash;1.80 (=1/6.)</p>
+
+<h5>(Annual):</h5>
+
+<p><i>Annuario dell' Aeronautica</i> (Touring Club Italiano), 14 v. Monte Napoleone,
+Milan. L&mdash;6.00 (=5/-)</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Flying Grounds</b> (Military see next page):&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><b>Cameri</b>, Novara.&mdash;15 hangars (Thouvenot school).</p>
+
+<p><b>Mirafiore</b>, Turin.&mdash;17 hangars (Asteria and Chiribiri schools).</p>
+
+<p><b>S. Giusto</b>, Pisa.&mdash;4 hangars (Antoni school).</p>
+
+<p><b>Taliedo</b>, Milan.&mdash;26 hangars.</p>
+
+<p><b>Vizzola Ticino.</b>&mdash;7 hangars (Caproni school).</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Dirigible Headquarters</b> (with hangars, etc., etc.):&mdash;</h4>
+
+<p class="blockquot">
+Bracciano.<br />
+Milan.<br />
+Rome.<br />
+Venice.<br />
+Verona.<br />
+<!-- Page 170 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_170" id="Page_170">[Pg 170]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3><b>ITALIAN MILITARY AVIATION.</b></h3>
+
+<h4><b>ORGANISATION, etc.</b></h4>
+
+<p>The <i>Battaglione Aviatori</i> has its headquarters at Turin. In July, 1912, it was re-organised along the
+following lines:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot">
+1 command at Turin.<br />
+1 flying work.<br />
+1 technical work.<br />
+2 troop duty.<br />
+6 at the aviation schools, with a certain number of mobile squadrillos.<br />
+</p>
+
+<p>The recognised grades are:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot"><i>a.a.p.</i> aspirante allievo (learners).<br/>
+<i>a.p.</i> allievo pilota (certificated pilots).<br/>
+<i>p.</i> pilota militare (superior military brevet).</p>
+
+<p>In flying work the superior pilots are mostly using <i>Bleriots</i>; the ordinary pilots <i>Bleriot-Caproni</i>, <i>Bristol</i>,
+<i>Antonis</i>, <i>Deperdussins</i> and <i>Voisins</i>.</p>
+
+<p>The technical section chiefly supervises the theoretical instruction of the <i>a.a.p.</i></p>
+
+<p>The 2 companies on troop duty practical work, preparation for the schools.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>FLYING SCHOOLS.</b></h4>
+
+<p>The military schools are:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p><b>Aviano.</b>&mdash;Central school. Size about 5&times;2 kilometres. Sheltered from all winds except westerly, by
+banks of trees. Numerous hangers.</p>
+
+<p><b>Mirafiori (Turin).</b>&mdash;Mixed military and civil school. Hangers. School machines confined to <i>Asteria</i>,
+<i>Bleriot</i>, <i>Nieuport</i> and <i>Savary</i> types.</p>
+
+<p><b>Pordenone.</b>&mdash;School for superior brevets. Treeless plain. Principal school machines <i>Breguets</i> and
+<i>Farmans</i>; but some <i>Bleriots</i> and <i>Caproni</i>.</p>
+
+<p><b>S. Francesco al Campo.</b>&mdash;<i>M. Farman</i> machines. At present for officers trained in France.</p>
+
+<p><b>Somma Lombarda.</b>&mdash;Camp school for <i>Nieuports</i>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Venaria Reale.</b>&mdash;Formed late in 1912. <i>Bristol</i> monos for certificated pilots.</p>
+</div>
+
+<h4><b>GENERAL TRAINING.</b></h4>
+
+<p>50 officers in training during the first quarter of 1913.</p>
+
+<p>Aspirants commence with instruction in the theory of heavier than air machines, resistance of material
+and particular instruction in the various type of aero motors in use. They are taken for flights as
+passengers.</p>
+
+<p>All then go to the training camp about 80% for monoplane work, the remainder for biplanes.</p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">Monoplanes</span>. Special attention paid to teaching <i>Gauchis Dessent</i>.</p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">Biplanes</span>. Much shorter course. Principal feature: <i>Vol Plan&eacute;</i>.</p>
+
+<p>For the <i>military brevet</i> the examination is most comprehensive, special attention is paid to flying in wind,
+manoeuvring, climbing, good landings without inconvenience to passengers, cross country flights, etc.
+The course is generally modelled on war experiences.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>TOTAL FLYING STRENGTH.</b></h4>
+
+<p>No particular distinction between naval and military aviators.</p>
+
+<p>Total by end of June, 1913, to be about 225 certificated aviators of whom a fair percentage hold the superior
+brevet. In addition all the best civilian aviators are held at disposal.</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 171 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_171" id="Page_171">[Pg 171]</a></span></p>
+
+<h4><b>Military Aeroplanes.</b></h4>
+
+<p>At the end of 1911 there were about 20 machines,
+mostly <i>Bleriots</i> and <i>Farmans</i>. The majority of these are
+still in use for school purposes.</p>
+
+<p>At the end of March, 1913, the machines effective for
+war purposes were roughly as follows:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="">
+<tr><td><i>Bleriot.</i><br/>
+<i>Bristol</i> (mono.) <br/>
+<i>Caproni.</i>        <br/>
+<i>Deperdussin.</i><br/>
+<i>Farman.</i>          <br/>
+<i>Hanriot.</i>        <br/>
+<i>Nieuport.</i>       <br/>
+<i>Savary.</i></td>
+<td style="vertical-align:middle" class="bl">Total <i>about</i> 50, plus a number of school machines.</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>About 40 machines were on order, including 12
+<i>Bristol-Capronies</i>.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Naval Aeroplanes.</b></h4>
+
+<p>Effective at end of March, 1913.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot">
+1 <i>Calderara</i>.<br />
+1 <i>Guidoni-Farman</i>.<br />
+4 or 5 others.<br />
+</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>ITALIAN AVIATORS.</b></h3>
+
+<h4><b><i>Military.</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Agostoni, Capt. V. (45)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bailo, Lieut. (71)</span><br />
+*Bolla, Capt. (89)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cannonieri, Lieut. (22)</span><br />
++Cammarotta, Lieut. (15F)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">De Filippi, Com. (5)</span><br />
+*De Rada, Lieut. (38)<br />
+*Falchi, Capt. (55)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Garassini. (29)</span><br />
+*Gavotti, Lieut. (25)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gazzera, Lieut. (20)</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Guidoni, Capt. (58)</span><br />
+*Lampugnani, Lieut. (33)<br />
++Manazini, Lieut. (98)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Moizo, Capt. (40)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Neri, Lieut. (345-Ae. C. F.) (106)</span><br />
+*Palmadi, Cesnola Lieut. (75)<br />
+*Piazza, Major (44)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Pizzagalli, Capt. (49)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Poggi, Lieut. (82)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Prandoni, Capt. (69)</span><br />
+*Pulvirenti, Lieut. (50)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Raffaelli, Lieut. A. (108)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Ravelli (453, Ae. C. F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Roberti, Lieut. (47)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rossi, Capt. (27)</span><br />
++Saghetti, Lieut. (16)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Savoia, Lieut. T. U. (4)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Surdi, Lieut. (32)</span><br />
+*Vece, Lieut. F. (74)<br />
++Vivaldi, Lieut. (31)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<h5><i>Brevets in 1912.</i></h5>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Andriani, Capt. O. (137)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Antonini, Capt. L. (91)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Almerigi, F. (159)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Alvisi, Lieut. A. (172)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Baglione, Lieut. A. (129)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Baracca, F. (167)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bonamici, L. (101)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bongiovanni, Lieut. E. (115)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bongiovanni, c. L. (124)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bonuti, R. (135)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Brach, Lieut. F. (146)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Buzzi, Lieut. M. (156)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Calderara, Lieut. A. (134)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Calori, S. (136)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Capuzzo (143)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Casabella, Lieut, G. (121)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Clerici, Lieut. U. (110)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cuzzo, Capt. A. (166)</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">De Giovanni, Lieut. G. (101)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">De Riso, Lieut. G. (153)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Della Chiesaconte, Lieut. A. (109)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Ercole, Lieut. E. (117)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Franceschini, Lieut. E. (112)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gallotti, Lieut. A. (150)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Garino ing. G. (134)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Girotti, Lieut. M. (100)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gordesco, Lieut. M. (151)</span><br />
+*Graziani, Lieut, C. (92)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Jacoponi, Lieut. A. (171)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Kerbaker, Lieut. E. (99)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Laureati, Lieut. G.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Leffi dott. sott. med. A. (169)</span><br />
+*Mareno, M. A. (90)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Moreno, Capt. G. (78)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Nosari, G. (142)</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+*Novellis di Coarazze, Capt. A. (94)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Oddo, A. (147)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Pagano, P. (158)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Palpacelli, A. (164)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Perrucca, D. (162)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Poggioli, Q. (107)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Pongelli, R. (60)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Porta, Capt. E. (145)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Prandoni, Capt. E. (69)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Resio, Lieut. (120)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Rosetti, A. (157)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Russi, Lieut. S. (152)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Suglia, Lieut. C. (118)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Torelli, F. (165)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Valdimiro, Lieut. F. (170)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Venanzi, U. (155)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Zanuso, Lieut. G. (149)</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<h4><b><i>Naval.</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<p>(<i>To end of 1911</i>).</p>
+
+<p>
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Calderara, Lieut. (1)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Ginnochio, Lieut. (18)</span><br />
+*Rossi, Sub. Lieut. (31)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Strobin, Lieut. (39)</span><br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<p>(<i>During 1912</i>).</p>
+
+<p>
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">De Muro, Lieut. (119)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Frigerio, Lieut. (154)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Scelsi, Capt. difreg. G.</span><br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<h4><b><i>Private.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>(<i>To end of 1911</i>).</p>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Akachew, C. (61)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Amerigo (3)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Barigiola, G. (51)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Battagli, B. (34)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bianchi, P. (6)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Biego, C. (56)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bigliani, A. (63)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Borgotti, G. (43)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Brilli, D. G. (48)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Brociner, M. (87)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cagno, U. (10)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cagliani, A. (23)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cannoniere, Umberto (22)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cattaneo, Bartelomo (2)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cavaglia, Pietro (30)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cavalieri, Alfredo (17)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cei, J. (53, Ae. C. F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Casaroni, A. (77)</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
++Cirri, Ciro (11)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Cobianchi, Mariot (24)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Darioli, Ernesto (9)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Da Zara, Leonino (7)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">De Agostina, A. (53)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">De Antonis, A. (67)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Faccioli, Mario (21)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Franzoni, R. (62)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Garassini, G. G. (29)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gianfelice (59)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Ginnochio, T. (18)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Graziani, nob. Ettere (28)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Lusetti, A. (19)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Maffeis, C. (36)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Maggiora, C. (72)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Manissero, R. (37)</span><br />
++Marra, R. (35)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Marro, E. (52)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mogafico, Mario (26)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mosca, Francesco (47)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Pasquali, R. (66)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Picollo, G. (32)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Poggioli, Quinto (117)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Porro, A. (113)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Ramasotto, M. M. (148)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Ravetto, Clemento (12)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">R&eacute;, Umberto (86)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Ruggerone, G. (14)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Sabelli, G. (93)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Santoni, L. (114)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Stucchi, Federico (8)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Verona, A. (54)</span><br />
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<h5>(<i>Brevets in 1912</i>).</h5>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Amour, ing. E.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Arista, A. (131)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Ballerini, M. (132)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Bergonzi, P. C. (78)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Berni, L. (95)</span><br />
++Bertoletti, R. (79)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Borsalino, G. M. (102)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Brunetta D'Usseaux, G. (125)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Carabelli, C. (104)</span><br />
++Caramanlaki, A. (97)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Caramanlaki, G. (168)</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Carminati di, B. N. (163)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Colucci, G. (80)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Corsini, J. C. (133)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Corsini, A. E. (85)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Dalla, N. C. (126)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Dal Mistro, C. A. (127)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">De Campo conte, S. (103)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Fabri, A. (165)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Facchini, E. (141)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Garino, G. (134)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Gelmetti, A. (83)</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Grassi, conte A. (88)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Leonardi, G. (122)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Mandelli, P. (96)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Marazzi, E. (140)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Nardini, G. (128)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Paolucci, G. (144)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Piceller, G. (105)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Sacerdoti, C. (116)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Salengo, R. (138)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Vallet, C. (86)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 0.5em;">Zorra, L. (84)</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<h4><b>Private Aeroplanes.</b></h4>
+
+<p>At the end of March, 1913, there were about 45
+machines in use at the various private schools, and
+about 6 privately owned aeroplanes.<!-- Page 172 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_172" id="Page_172">[Pg 172]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="ITALIAN_AEROPLANES" id="ITALIAN_AEROPLANES"></a>ITALIAN AEROPLANES</h2>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>A</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>ANTONI.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Soc. di aviazione Antoni, via Vitt. Emanuele, 46, Pisa. School: S. Guisto, Pisa.
+Output capacity: about 20 machines a year.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="ANTONI" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"></th><th><b>1912-13.</b> Single seat mono.</th><th><b>1912-13.</b> 2-seater military mono.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 33 (10)</td><td> 36 (11)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 28 (8.50)</td><td> 28 (8.50)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l"> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 172 (16)</td><td> 237 (22)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l"> machine lbs. (kg.)</td><td> 660 (300)</td><td> 770 (350)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> useful lbs. (kg.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> Gnome or Anzani</td><td> Gnome and Anzani</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l"> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Endurance</b></td><td class="l"> hrs.</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>ASTERIA.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Fabbr. Ital. Aeroplani ing. Darbesio e. C., via Salbertrand, 12, Torino (Turin).
+School: Mirafiori. Capacity: small.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="ASTERIA" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"></th><th><b>1912-13.</b> Monoplane.</th><th> <b>1912-13.</b> Biplane.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 21-3/4 (6.50)</td><td> 29-1/2 (9)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 26-1/2 (8.10)</td><td> 44 (13.50)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"></td><td> ...</td><td> 24-1/2 (7.50)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l"> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 162 (15)</td><td> 431 (40)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l"> machine lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 530 (240)</td><td> 110 (500)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> 50 Gnome</td><td> 70 Renault</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l"> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Endurance</b></td><td class="l"> hrs.</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><!-- Page 173 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_173" id="Page_173">[Pg 173]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>C</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>CALDERARA. Navy hydro-monoplane.</i></b></h4>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="ASTERIA" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2">Model <b>1912-13.</b></th><th> "Hydro vol."</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 54 (16.50)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 61 (18.50)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l"> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 753 (70)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l"> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 2644 (1200)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> 150 (formerly 100 Gnome)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l"> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 62 (100)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 50 (80)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Endurance</b></td><td class="l"> hrs.</td><td> 6-1/2</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number Built during 1912</td><td> 1</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>Lieut. Calderara's floats consist of a plurality of w.t. compartments with internal lattice frame, well
+braced. Hull is formed of three skins of wood, sail-cloth between each. Distance between outer floats,
+21 feet (6.30 m.) Centre of gravity is only 4&frac12; feet (1.40 m.) above water. If necessary wings can be cut
+away and the central hull used as a boat with emergency sail.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_190.jpg" width="100%" alt="CALDERARA. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="CALDERARA. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">CALDERARA. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 174 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_174" id="Page_174">[Pg 174]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>CAPRONI.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Soc. di Aviazione Ingg, Caproni e Faccanoni, Vizzola Ticino. School: Vizzola
+Ticino.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="ASTERIA" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2">Models <b>1912-13.</b></th><th> Single Seat mono. A.</th><th> Single Seat mono. B.</th><th> 2-seater mono.</th><th> 3-seater mono.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 26-1/4 (8)</td><td> 26-1/4 (8)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 29 (8.80)</td><td> 29 (8.80)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l"> sq. ft. (m�.)</td><td> 162 (15)</td><td> 162 (15)</td><td> 172 (16)</td><td> 226 (21)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l"> machine lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 485 (220)</td><td> 660 (300)</td><td> 750 (340)</td><td> 760 (345)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> 35 Anzani</td><td> 50 Gnome</td><td> 60 Anzani</td><td> 80 Gnome</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l"> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 56 (90)</td><td> 75 (120)</td><td> 75 (120)</td><td> 87 (140)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Endurance</b></td><td class="l"> hrs.</td><td> 3-1/2</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 4</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;At the end of 1912, held Italian record for speed, 200-300 k.m. Flown by Cobioni.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>CAPRONI-BRISTOL.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Caproni also builds under Bristol license.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>CHIRIBIRI.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>A Chiribiri e. C, via Lamarmora 28, and via Don Bosco 68-73. Torino (Turin).</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_191.jpg" width="100%" alt="CHIRIBIRI." title="CHIRIBIRI." />
+<div class="left">CHIRIBIRI.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" summary="ASTERIA" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"> Models <b>1912-13.</b></th><th> 45 h.p. mono.</th><th> 50 h.p. mono.</th><th> Racing mono.</th><th> 80 h.p. mono.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 23 (7)</td><td> 23 (7)</td><td> 24-3/4 (7.50)</td><td> 25-3/4 (7.80)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 29-1/2 (9)</td><td> 29-1/2 (9)</td><td> 31 (9.30)</td><td> 39-2/3 (12.10)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l"> sq. ft. (m�.)</td><td> 204 (19)</td><td> 204 (19)</td><td> 226 (21)</td><td> 258 (24)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l"> machine lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 595 (270)</td><td> 683 (310)</td><td> 772 (350)</td><td> 595 (270)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> 45 Chiribiri</td><td> 50 Chiribiri</td><td> 60 Chiribiri</td><td> 80 Chiribiri</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l"> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 44 (70)</td><td> 56 (90)</td><td> 103 (165)</td><td> 65 (105)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Endurance</b></td><td class="l"> hrs.</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 2</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><!-- Page 175 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_175" id="Page_175">[Pg 175]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>F</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>FRIULI.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>E. Pensuti e E. Calligaro, Pordenone. School: Pordenone. A 30-35 h.p. Anzani motor
+monoplane. Area, 150 sq. feet. (14 m&sup2;). Generally of <i>Bleriot</i> type, but <i>Hanriot</i> type landing carriage.</p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>G</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>GUIDONI. Naval Hydroavions.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Either a <i>Farman</i> biplane or a <i>Nieuport</i> mono. is
+used, mounted on special floats designed by Capitano del Genio navale Guidoni. There are two
+long floats, each of which is fitted with parallel fins.</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>FOREIGN AGENCIES.</b></h3>
+
+<p>Foreign types of machines are constructed in Italy under licenses as follows:&mdash;</p>
+
+<h4><b><i>BLERIOT.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Soc. Ital. Transaerea, corso Peschiera 25, Torino (Turin).</p>
+
+<h4><b><i>BRISTOL.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>(British), by Caproni.</p>
+
+<h4><b><i>DEPERDUSSIN.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Soc. Ital. degli Aeroplani, via Giulini 7b, Milan.</p>
+
+<h4><b><i>NIEUPORT.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Carrozzeria Macchi. Varese.<!-- Page 176 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_176" id="Page_176">[Pg 176]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="ITALIAN_DIRIGIBLES" id="ITALIAN_DIRIGIBLES"></a><b>ITALIAN DIRIGIBLES.</b></h2>
+
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="ITALIAN DIRIGIBLES">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"></th><th colspan="5"><b>Army.</b></th><th colspan="2"><b>Navy.</b></th></tr>
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"> Name and Date.</th><th> <b>P1.</b> 1909.</th><th> <b>P2 &amp; P3.</b> 1910 &amp; 1911.</th><th> <b>P4 &amp; P5.</b> both 1912.</th><th> <b>Citta di Milano</b> 1912.</th><th> <b>Parseval.</b> (P.L. 17). 1912-13.</th><th> <b>M1.</b> 1912.</th><th> <b>M2 &amp; M3.</b> 1912 &amp; 1913.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Volume</b></td><td class="l"> c. feet</td><td> 148,000</td><td> 155,000</td><td> 166,000</td><td> 424,000</td><td> 353,000</td><td> 424,000</td><td> 424,000</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> (m�.)</td><td> (<b>4200</b>)</td><td> (<b>4400</b>)</td><td> (<b>4700</b>)</td><td> (<b>12000</b>)</td><td> (<b>10000</b>)</td><td> (<b>12000</b>)</td><td> (<b>12000</b>)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 197 (60)</td><td> 207 (63)</td><td> 207 (63)</td><td> 233 (72)</td><td> 279 (85)</td><td> 272-1/3 (83)</td><td> 272-1/3 (83)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Diameter</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 38 (11.60)</td><td> 38 (11.60)</td><td> 39-1/3 (12)</td><td> 59 (18)</td><td> 52-1/2 (16)</td><td> 56 (17)</td><td> 56 (17)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Gas bags</b></td><td class="l"> fabric</td><td> Silk</td><td> Continental</td><td> Continental</td><td> ...</td><td> Riedinger</td><td> Metzeler</td><td> Metzeler</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> compartments</td><td> 7</td><td> 8</td><td> 8</td><td> ...</td><td> 0</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> ballonets</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td><td> ...</td><td> 2</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Lift</b></td><td class="l"> total tons</td><td> 3.50</td><td> 3.50</td><td> 3.75</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 9.50</td><td> 9.50</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> useful tons</td><td> 1.10</td><td> 1.35</td><td> 1.50</td><td> ...</td><td> 3.00</td><td> 3.80</td><td> 3.80</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> 1-100 C. Bayard (=100)</td><td> 1-120 C. Bayard (=120)</td><td> 2-80 Fiat (=160)</td><td> 2-85/100 Isotta (=170/200)</td><td> 2-170 Maybach (=340)</td><td> 2-250 Fiat (=500)</td><td> 4-125 Wolseley (=500)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Propellers</b></td><td class="l"> number</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td><td> 2 Parseval</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> blades</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td><td> 4</td><td> 4</td><td> 4</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> diameter feet (m.)</td><td> 10 (3)</td><td> 10 (3)</td><td> 10 (3)</td><td> 14 (4.20)</td><td> ...</td><td> 12-1/2 (3.80)</td><td> 12-1/2 (3.80)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Max. speed</b></td><td class="l"> m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 32 (52)</td><td> 35 (56)</td><td> 37 (60)</td><td> 45 (72)</td><td> 40 (65)</td><td> 44 (70)</td><td> 44 (70)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Full speed endurance</b></td><td class="l"> hrs.</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 20</td><td> 12</td><td> 12</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2"><b>Max. complement</b></td><td> 5</td><td> 5</td><td> 5</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 14</td><td> 14</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2"><b>Station</b></td><td> Bracciano</td><td> Tripoli</td><td> Vigna di Valle</td><td> Baggio</td><td> Venice</td><td> Bracciano</td><td></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Notes:</i> All the above are semi-rigid. The <i>P</i> and <i>M</i> are all of the same general type. Principal features of these ships, which were designed by Captains Crocci and
+Ricaldoni, are the shape of the envelope, (maximum diameter very far forward), keel and the box kite tail. The <i>Citta di Milano</i> (semi-rigid) is an enlarged
+<i>Leonardo da Vinci</i> (which see). <i>Special feature</i> is the keel built into the envelope. This serves as a nacelle.</p>
+
+<p><i>Building.</i>&mdash;One <i>Parseval</i> (P.L. 15) about the same size as the other (P.L. 17), which was completed first.</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>Army Dirigible Pilots.</b></h3>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Agostoni, Capt.<br />
+Biffi, Ten.<br />
+Bosio, Ten.<br />
+Crocco, Capt. G.<br />
+Dal Fabbro, Capt. C.<br />
+Denti di Piraino, March, Capt.<br />
+Gallotti, Ten.<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Longo, Ten.<br />
+Manni, Ten.<br />
+Menenti, S. Ten.<br />
+Merzari, Capt.<br />
+Messina, Ten.<br />
+Munari, Capt. E.<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Pastina, Capt.<br />
+Ricaldoni, Capt. A.<br />
+Scelso, Ten L.<br />
+Seymandi, Capt. G.<br />
+Stabarin, Ten.<br />
+Tagliasacchi, Ten.<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<h3><b>Navy Dirigible Pilots.</b></h3>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Carniglia, Ten. d. vas.<br />
+Gravina, Ten. d. v. Conte M.<br />
+Penco, Ten. d. v., A.<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Ponzio, Ten. d. v., E.<br />
+Scelsi, Capt. di f., G.<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Valerio, Sot. V.<br />
+Valli, Ten. d. v., G.
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 177 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_177" id="Page_177">[Pg 177]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_194a.jpg" width="100%" alt="P.I." title="P.I." />
+<div class="left">P.I.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p>Elevation of P. I. The later ships
+only differ in dimensions, and the fact
+that the middle rudder is done away
+with.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/ill_194b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Elevation of P. I." title="Elevation of P. I." /></div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_194c.jpg" width="100%" alt="Dirigibles M1 &amp; M2." title="Dirigibles M1 &amp; M2." />
+<div class="left">Dirigibles M1 &amp; M2.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_194d.jpg" width="100%" alt="Citta di Milano." title="Citta di Milano."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Citta di Milano</span>.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_194e.jpg" width="100%" alt="Parseval (P.L. 17). First Italian Parseval." title="Parseval (P.L. 17). First Italian Parseval."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Parseval</span> (P.L. 17). First Italian <i>Parseval</i>.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 178 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_178" id="Page_178">[Pg 178]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<p><b>ITALIAN PRIVATE DIRIGIBLES.</b></p>
+
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="ITALIAN PRIVATE DIRIGIBLES.">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"> Name and date.</th><th> <b>Ausonia bis.</b> Reconstructed 1910.</th><th> <b>Italia I.</b> 1905.</th><th> <b>Italia II.</b> 1913.</th><th> <b>Leonardo da Vinci.</b> 1909.</th><th> <b>Usuelli.</b> 1909.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Volume</b></td><td class="l"> (m�.)</td><td> (<b>1500</b>)</td><td> (<b>1500</b>)</td><td> (<b>2600</b>)</td><td> (<b>3265</b>)</td><td> (<b>3870</b>)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 121 (37)</td><td> 128 (39)</td><td> 164 (50)</td><td> 131-1/4 (40)</td><td> 167-1/3 (51)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Diameter</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 27 (8.25)</td><td> 19-3/4 (6)</td><td> 32-3/4 (10)</td><td> 46 (14)</td><td> 32 (9.80)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Gas bags</b></td><td class="l"> fabric</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> compartments</td><td> nil.</td><td> nil.</td><td> nil.</td><td> 7</td><td> 6</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> ballonets</td><td> 1</td><td> nil.</td><td> nil.</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Lift</b></td><td class="l"> total tons</td><td> ...</td><td> 1.35</td><td> 2.20</td><td> 3.00</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> useful tons</td><td> 0.80</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> 1-55 h.p. S.P.A.</td><td>1-40/50 Antoinette</td><td> 1-50 h.p.</td><td> 1-40 Antoinette</td><td> 1-80 h.p. S.P.A.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Propellers</b></td><td class="l"> number</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> blades</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td><td> 5</td><td> 2</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> diameter, feet (m.)</td><td> 10-3/4 (3.20)</td><td> 15 (4.50)</td><td> 10 (3)</td><td> 9 (2.70)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Max. speed</b></td><td class="l"> m.p.h (k.m.)</td><td> 25 (40)</td><td> 25 (40)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 30 (50)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Full speed endurance</b></td><td class="l"> hrs.</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 6</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Max. complement</b></td><td class="l"></td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Station</b></td><td class="l"></td><td> Bosco Mantico</td><td> Schio</td><td> building</td><td> Laid up at Baggio near Milan</td><td> Turin</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Notes:</i></p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p><b>Ausonia.</b> Nico Piccoli, via Accademia 12, Padova (Padua). Works: Magr&eacute;, Vicenza (Schio). Semi-rigid.</p>
+
+<p><b>Italia.</b> Cont Almerico da Schio, Schio. Non-rigid. <i>Special features</i> is a "belly" of Para rubber in lieu of a ballonet.</p>
+
+<p><b>Leonardo da Vinci.</b> Ing. Enrico Forlanini, via Boccaccio 21, Milan. Works: Baggio. Semi-rigid, keel and nacelle, incorporated
+in envelope.</p>
+
+<p><b>Usuelli.</b> Usuelli and Borsalini, Torino (Turin). Non-rigid.</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>Private Dirigible Pilots.</b></p>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Forlanini, ing. E.<br />
+Piccoli, D.<br />
+Usuelli, C.<br />
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 179 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_179" id="Page_179">[Pg 179]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_196a.jpg" width="100%" alt='Italia.' title='Italia.' />
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Italia.</span></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_196b.jpg" width="100%" alt='Usuelli.' title='Usuelli.' />
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Usuelli.</span></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_196c.jpg" width="100%" alt='FORLANINI. Uniform Dirigible Scale.' title='FORLANINI. Uniform Dirigible Scale.' />
+<div class="left"><b>FORLANINI.</b> Uniform Dirigible Scale.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_196d.jpg" width="100%" alt='Leonardo da Vinci.' title='Leonardo da Vinci.' />
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Leonardo da Vinci.</span></div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 180 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_180" id="Page_180">[Pg 180]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="JAPANESE" id="JAPANESE"></a><b>JAPANESE.</b></h2>
+
+<p class="center"><b>(Naval Aviation data. Official).</b></p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Societies</b>:&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Tokio, Ae. Co.</p>
+
+<p>Aeroplane Assoc., 1, Yayesu Cho, I-Chome, Kojimachi, Tokio.
+(Sec.: Dr. Fujioka).</p>
+
+<p>Kikyu Kinkyu Kai (connected with War Office).</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Flying Grounds</b>:&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Near <b>Yokohama</b>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Saitama</b>, Tokorozawa (Government).&mdash;Dirigible shed and hangars.</p>
+
+<p><b>Port Arthur</b>, (Government).</p></div>
+
+
+<h3><b>General Military Aviation.</b></h3>
+
+<p>This was originally formed as one body without distinction between army and navy. It was
+subsequently re-modelled on lines somewhat similar to the British Royal Flying Corps with naval and
+military wings.</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>Navy.</b></h3>
+
+<p>The naval section is superintended by Capt. K. Yamaji, I.J.N.</p>
+
+<p>The naval headquarters are at Oihama (near Yokosuka).</p>
+
+<p>The naval force at the end of 1912 consisted of 4 hydro-aeroplanes (2 <i>Curtiss</i> and 2 <i>Farman</i>). The
+available total of qualified naval aviators was 5.</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>Finance.</b></h3>
+
+<p>The total amount granted for aviation of the navy in 1912 (fiscal year) was 100,000 yen (&pound;10,000).</p>
+
+<p>For the year 1913 the estimates amount was 100,000 yen (but not approved yet).</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>Pay of Flying Officers.</b></h3>
+
+<p>The special pay for officers employed in aerial work is undecided.</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>Army.</b></h3>
+
+<p>The army wing is responsible for the dirigible. Aeroplanes are one or two <i>Bleriots</i>, a <i>Grade</i>,
+2 <i>Tokogawa</i>, and a <i>Farman</i>.</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>AVIATORS.</b></h3>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h4><b><i>Military.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>
+Hino, Major<br />
+Saigom, Capt.<br />
+Tokogawa, Capt.<br />
+Tokogama, Lieut.<br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h4><b><i>Naval.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>
+Narahara, Naval Constr.<br />
+Kaneko, Lieut.<br />
+Kono, Lieut.<br />
+Obama, Eng. Lieut.<br />
+Umikita, Lieut.<br />
+Usuioku, Naval Constr.<br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h4><b><i>Private.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>
+Doig, S.<br />
+Iga, Baron<br />
+Shigeno, Baron<br />
+Tsuzuki,<br />
+Yamada, Isaburo<br />
+</p>
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<p>The following have
+been killed:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="bbox" style="width: 10em; padding: 1em;">
+1912.<br />
+Aibata, Lieut.<br />
+<br />
+1913.<br />
+Kimura, Lieut.<br />
+Tokuda, Lieut.<br />
+Takeishi.<br />
+</div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Private Aviation.</b></h4>
+
+<p>There are some private aeroplanes being regularly flown in Japan. A number of aeroplanes have
+from time to time been invented by naval and military officers and private individuals, and some of them
+are in use. Inventors include Major Hino, naval constructor Narahara and Ushioki, Baron Iga, Baron
+Shigeno and Mr. Tsuzuki.<!-- Page 181 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_181" id="Page_181">[Pg 181]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="JAPANESE_AEROPLANES" id="JAPANESE_AEROPLANES"></a><b>JAPANESE AEROPLANES.</b></h2>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_198a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Bleriot (since wrecked). Tokogawa. Wright. Grade.
+Army Flying School ground." title="Bleriot (since wrecked). Tokogawa. Wright. Grade.
+Army Flying School ground." />
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Bleriot</span> (since wrecked). <span class="smcap">Tokogawa. Wright. Grade.</span>
+Army Flying School ground.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_198b.jpg" width="100%" alt='Narahara.' title='Narahara.' />
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Narahara.</span></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_198c.jpg" width="100%" alt="Tokogawa II. Type I the same except for minor details." title="Tokogawa II. Type I the same except for minor details."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Tokogawa</span> II. Type I the same except for minor details.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 182 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_182" id="Page_182">[Pg 182]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="JAPANESE_DIRIGIBLES" id="JAPANESE_DIRIGIBLES"></a><b>JAPANESE DIRIGIBLES.</b></h2>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>PARSEVAL type. Military.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>(<b><i>P.L. 13.</i></b>)</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/ill_199a.jpg" width="100%" alt="PARSEVAL type. Military." title="PARSEVAL type. Military." /></div>
+
+<p><b>Length</b> 259 feet (19 m.) <b>maximum diameter</b> 47&frac34; feet (14.50 m.) <b>capacity,</b> 8,500 m&sup3;.</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bag.</b>&mdash;2 ballonets. Usual Parseval.</p>
+
+<p><b>Motors.</b>&mdash;Total, 300 h.p., made up of two 150 h.p. Maybach.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;42 m.p.h. (65 km.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;Two 4-bladed. Parseval.</p>
+
+<p><b>Steering.</b>&mdash;Usual Parseval (see <span class="smcap">German</span>).</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;Of <i>Parseval P.L. 12</i> type (see <span class="smcap">German</span>). Built 1911.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>YAMADA. Non-rigid. (Private.)</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_199b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Photo by favour of M. Samuro Kuki." title="Photo by favour of M. Samuro Kuki." />
+<div class="left"><i>Photo by favour of M. Samuro Kuki.</i></div>
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Maximum length</b>, feet (m.) <b>maximum diameter</b>, feet (m.) <b>volume,</b> 700 m&sup3;. (<i>about</i>)</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bag.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>Motor.</b>&mdash;American make.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>Propeller.</b>&mdash;One.</p>
+
+<p><b>Steering.</b>&mdash;Biplane elevator forward. Triangular rudder in rear under gas bag.</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;Generally of American type.</p>
+<p><!-- Page 183 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_183" id="Page_183">[Pg 183]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="MEXICAN" id="MEXICAN"></a><b>MEXICAN.</b></h2>
+
+
+<h3><b>Army Aeroplanes.</b></h3>
+
+<p>There are 2 old pattern <i>H. Farman</i>; also one or
+more <i>Curtiss</i> and <i>Wright</i> machines. Nothing seems
+doing with them.</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>AVIATORS.</b></h3>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h4><b><i>Military.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>
+Martinez, N. (Ae. C. F. 462)<br />
+Mendia, (Ae. C. F. 680)<br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h4><b><i>Private.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>
+Duval, Raoul<br />
+Lebrija, Miguel<br />
+Morales<br />
+Noriega<br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h4><br/></h4>
+<p>
+Ramsey, E. L.<br />
+Saavedra, Alfonso<br />
+<br />
+Probably 2 others<br />
+</p>
+
+<p>(The above are mostly amateur builders.)</p>
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 184 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_184" id="Page_184">[Pg 184]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="NORWEGIAN" id="NORWEGIAN"></a><b>NORWEGIAN.</b></h2>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Societies:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Aero Club, Norsk Flyveselskad (Christiana). Secretary, D. Barth.</p>
+
+<p>Norsk Luftseilads Forening (Christiana). President, H. Mohn.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Journals:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><i>None.</i></p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Flying Grounds:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+
+<h3><b>Military Aviation.</b></h3>
+
+<p>At the end of 1912 the Army possessed two 70 h.p. <i>M. Farmans</i> (Renault
+motors), and the Navy a 100 h.p. N.A.G. <i>Rumpler</i>.</p>
+
+<p>For 1913 the purchase of further machines is contemplated for both arms.</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>Private Aeroplanes.</b></h3>
+
+<p>Total at end of <b>1911</b> 1</p>
+
+<p>At end of 1912 there were in existence 2&mdash;a <i>Grade</i> and a <i>Deperdussin</i>.</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>AVIATORS.</b></h3>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h4><b>Military.</b></h4>
+
+<p>
+Dichi, Lieut.<br />
+Jacobsen, Lieut.<br />
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h4><b>Private.</b></h4>
+
+<p>
+Hansen.<br />
+St. Dons.<br />
+</p>
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+<p><!-- Page 185 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_185" id="Page_185">[Pg 185]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="PERUVIAN" id="PERUVIAN"></a><b>PERUVIAN.</b></h2>
+
+
+<h4><b>Military Aeroplanes.</b></h4>
+
+<p>The Peruvian Government has made a special grant for aviation students, and
+war machines are projected. Actual order to end of 1912 was one <i>Avro</i> mono.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Private Aeroplanes.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Peruvian Private Aeroplanes">
+<tr><td class="right">Total at end of <b>1910</b></td><td> 3</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="right"><b>1911</b></td><td> 2</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="right"><b>1912</b></td><td> <i>none</i> probably.</td></tr>
+</table>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h3><b>AVIATORS.</b></h3>
+
+<p>
+Bielovucic, J.<br />
+Chavez, J.<br />
+Monterc (766 A. C. F.)<br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h3>Peruvian aviators killed:</h3>
+
+<div class="ibox">
+1910.<br />
+Chavez, G.<br />
+<br/>
+1911.<br />
+Tenaud, C.<br />
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+<p><!-- Page 186 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_186" id="Page_186">[Pg 186]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="PORTUGUESE" id="PORTUGUESE"></a><b>PORTUGUESE.</b></h2>
+
+<p class="center">(<b>Revised by J. SCHIERE, Aeronautical Engineer.</b>)</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Societies:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Ae. C. de Portugal (R. Nova docklaemada d. ISL.)</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Journals:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Rivista Aeronautica (Ae. C. Journal.)</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Flying Grounds:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Campo do Seigcal.</p>
+
+<p>Mounch&atilde;vo da Povoa.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Private Aeroplanes.</b></h4>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Portuguese Private Aeroplanes.">
+<tr><td class="right">Total at end of <b>1910</b></td><td> 1</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="right"><b>1911</b></td><td> 2</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="right"><b>1912</b></td><td> 2</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<h4><b>Private Aviators.</b></h4>
+
+<p>
+De Castro, Sanchez<br />
+De Silva, Gomez<br />
+</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Military Aviation.</b></h4>
+
+<p>In 1912 a military corps was formed. At the end of 1912 it possessed <i>Avro</i> (1&mdash;50 h.p.), <i>Voisin</i> (1&mdash;80 h.p.), and <i>M. Farman</i> (1&mdash;80 h.p.) (since wrecked).
+1 <i>Deperdussin</i>.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Private Aviation.</b></h4>
+
+<p>In 1911 the <i>Gouveia</i> mono. was built, span 9 metres, but it failed to fly. Also the <i>Avante</i> biplane, which also failed. First flight in Portugal by a Portuguese
+was De Castro in September, 1912, with an old <i>Bleriot</i>.<!-- Page 187 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_187" id="Page_187">[Pg 187]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="ROUMANIAN" id="ROUMANIAN"></a><b>ROUMANIAN.</b></h2>
+
+
+<h4><b>Army Aeroplanes.</b></h4>
+
+<p>At end of March, 1913, there were several 80 h.p. <i>Bristol</i> monos., 2 <i>Bleriots</i>, 1 <i>Nieuport</i>, 1 <i>Morane</i>,
+2 <i>Vlaiclu</i>, and several <i>H. Farman</i> biplanes.</p>
+
+<p>Government school is at Bucharest.</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>AVIATORS.</b></h3>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h4><b><i>Military.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>
+Capsa, Lieut.<br />
+Negrescu, Lieut.<br />
+Protpopscu, Lieut.<br />
+Vacas, Lieut. Poly<br />
+Zorileann, Lieut. (Ae. F. 587)<br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h4><b><i>Private.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>
+Bibesco, Prince (Ae. C. F. 20)<br />
+Oznoth<br />
+</p>
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<h4><b><i>VLAICLU Monoplane.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Designed by Ouvret Vlaiclu. First shewn at the Vienna
+Exhibition, 1911. Modified; it flew very well indeed at Aspern, June, 1912. The 1912 model is of
+entirely novel type, a tail first monoplane with a propeller either end of the main planes, and a
+triangular tail aft. Principal details are:&mdash;<b>Length</b>, 34-2/3 feet (10.50 m.) <b>Span</b>, 30 feet (9.15 m.)
+<b>Height</b>, 12 feet (3.65 m.) Wing frame in three sections with gap between. <b>Motor</b>, 50 h.p., Gnome
+chain driven. <b>Fuselage</b>, old style; landing chassis on three wheels only, with a single ash skid in
+front. Covered in engine driving the 31 foot propeller shaft for the 2 propellers. Rear tail consists
+of 2 fixed planes, a triangular damping plane and a triangular keel plane. Forward, an elevator and
+two semi-circular rudders (double faced). From this combination remarkable results are achieved,
+and all gyrostatic effect from the propellers eliminated. <i>Control</i>, horizontal wheel on column.
+Elevator depressed or otherwise by action on column. <i>Note.</i>&mdash;At Vienna, 1912, this machine took
+first prize for the smallest circle and also for accurate bomb-dropping. The original machine was
+purchased by the Roumanian Army.<!-- Page 188 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_188" id="Page_188">[Pg 188]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="RUSSIAN" id="RUSSIAN"></a><b>RUSSIAN.</b></h2>
+
+
+<p><b>General Note.</b>&mdash;In the number of military machines and general attention to aviation Russia is only second to France. There are no effective machines
+of Russian design, but the Aviataka, Dux &amp; Lomatuk firms build at home under foreign license, and there is also the Kennedy school (Anglo-Russian).</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Societies:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>(Imperial) Aero Club.</p>
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p>1. Odessa branch.</p>
+<p>2. Rostow and Don branch.</p>
+<p>3. St. Petersburg   "</p></div>
+
+<p>Finland Ae. C., Helsingfors.</p>
+
+<p>Kieff University Ae. C., Kieff.</p>
+
+<p>Moscow Ae. C., Moscow.</p>
+
+<p>Moscow Imp. Tech. College (Aviation Section).</p>
+
+<p>Riga Ae. C., Riga.</p>
+
+<p>Russian Aeronautical Society, St. Petersburg.</p>
+
+<p>Sevastopol Ae. C.</p>
+
+<p>Students' Aviation Club.</p>
+
+<p>Tomsk Ae. C., Tomsk.</p>
+
+<p>Volunteer Aerial Fleet.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Journals:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><i>Aeronautical Journal of St. Petersburg.</i></p>
+
+<p><i>Aero</i> (6, Liteiny, St. Petersburg). Weekly.</p>
+
+<p><i>Dans l'Empire des Airs</i> (7, Rota 26, Petersburg). Fortnightly.</p>
+
+<p><i>Revue de Navigation A&eacute;rienne</i> (7 rue Stremmiannaya, Petersburg). Weekly.</p>
+
+<p><i>Sport</i> (25, Ekaterineska, Odessa).</p>
+
+<p><i>Wozdookhoplavatel</i> (St. Petersburg). Monthly.</p>
+
+<p><i>Wosduchoplawanie y Sport</i> (Moscow). Monthly.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Flying Grounds:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><b>Gatchina Park.</b>&mdash; Flying here under restrictions. V.F. school.</p>
+
+<p><b>Kieff.</b>&mdash;School for pilots.</p>
+
+<p><b>Kolomiaggi.</b>&mdash;Racecourse.</p>
+
+<p><b>Novo Therkask.</b></p>
+
+<p><b>Odessa.</b></p>
+
+<p><b>St. Petersburg.</b>&mdash;Kennedy school.</p>
+
+<p><b>Sevastopol.</b>&mdash;Volunteer Fleet school.</p>
+
+<p><b>Warsaw.</b></p></div>
+<p><!-- Page 189 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_189" id="Page_189">[Pg 189]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3><b>RUSSIAN MILITARY AVIATION.</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b>Army Aviation.</b></h4>
+
+<p>Early in 1912, under the presidency of the Grand Duke Alexander, the special school of the Volunteer
+Aerial Association was finally formed at Sevastopol for the winter and Gatchina for the summer.</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>June 1912. Vote for 150 aeroplanes (140 to be built at home). Vote
+1,050,000 roubles for new school at Tauride.</p>
+
+<p>November, 1912. Military trials results. (1) Sikorsky in a <i>Sikorsky</i>.
+(2) Haber in a <i>M. Farman</i>. (3) Boutmy in a <i>Nieuport</i>.</p>
+
+<p>December, 1912. Aeronautical school re-organised. Put under control of
+one commandant, one assistant, and four juniors. Course made
+seven months&mdash;15 pupils per school at a time. A one month course
+in aeroplanes, aerial motors, etc. Of the pupils, 10 will be
+selected for aeroplanes. New flying school established at
+Taskend in Turkestan.</p>
+
+<p>March, 1913. New schools established at Moscow, Odessa and Omsk.</p></div>
+
+<p>At the end of 1911 the total number of military aeroplanes was about 100. At the end of March,
+1913, the total number was about 250, of which about 150 were modern. Principal types: <i>Albatross</i>,
+<i>Aviatik</i>, <i>Bristol</i>, <i>Deperdussin</i>, <i>Farman</i>, <i>Nieuport</i>, <i>Rumpler</i>, there being an average of 20 of each. The
+majority built under Russian license in Russia. The number of actual military pilots was 72. There is,
+however, a special volunteer corps of about 36 private aviators, bringing the available total to 108 or
+thereabouts.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Navy Aviation.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>July, 1912. Lieut. Andreadi, 50 h.p. <i>Nieuport</i>, did a flight with stops from Sevastopol to St. Petersburg.</p>
+
+<p>September, 1912. Special naval aerodrome for hydro-avions ordered for Golodai Island, near Petersburg,
+bringing total of military and naval aerodromes to 6. <i>Sikorsky</i> hydro-avion acquired. Also an
+<i>M. Farman</i> ditto. New naval station projected at Libau.</p>
+
+<p>October, 1912. Naval purchase of several <i>Curtiss</i> hydro-avions after trials at Sevastopol.</p></div>
+
+<p>At the end of March, 1913, the approximate effective force was as follows (all hydros, or capable of
+being so fitted): 1 <i>Astra</i>, 1 <i>Breguet</i>, 2 <i>Donnet-Leveque</i>, 1 <i>Farman</i>, 4 <i>Paulhan Curtiss</i>, 2 <i>Nieuport</i> (50 h.p.),
+1 <i>Sikorsky</i>. (A number of others on order.)</p>
+
+<p>Early in 1913 experiments were carried out with a combination of floats and skids, invented by
+M. Lobanoff, of Moscow. This proved equally effective on land or water.</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>AVIATORS.</b></h3>
+
+<p>The following are army, navy or volunteer aviators. The number is the Russian Ae. C., unless otherwise
+stated. F = French. Prefix + = killed. <i>n</i> = navy.</p>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Abramowitch Wissewold (14)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Agababa, N. (668 F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Agofonoff (20)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Aleknovitch, G. (29)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Alexandroff, D. (472 F.)</span><br />
+<i>n</i> Andreadi, Lt.<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Artsgouloff (44)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Avinass, J. (60)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Badowski, L.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Bakhmoutoff, N. (6)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Berdchenko, V. (7)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Bistritsky, V. (8)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Boukshevden, Bar. G. (10)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Boutmy (de), E.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Campo, Scipio (211 F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Childovski (67)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Chioni, B. (250)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Chimansky (27)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Choudinoff (46)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Dmitrieff, J. (9)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Dorogouski (125 F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Dougowezky, A. (1)</span><br />
+<i>n</i> Dybovski, V. (12)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Efimoff, M. (31 F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Efimoff, T.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Erdeli, G. (45)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Eristov, Prince (524 F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Evsukoff, P. (21)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Firstemberg</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Flegfier, von.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Gelgar (33)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Glouchenko, S. (48)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Godoulsky, A. (59)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Gorghkoff, G. (626 F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Goumberto-Dros, B. (58)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Grekoff G. (5.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Grigoraschirilly (577 F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Houeninsey, A. (227 F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Husarenko (22)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Illin, A. (16)</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Iougmeister (52)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Jankovsky, G. (24)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Joukoff (37)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Kaidenoff (42)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Kamensky, V. (66)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Katzian, A.</span><br />
++ Kauzminski (228 F.)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Kebouroff, V. (210 F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Kirchstern</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Kolchin, F. (28)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Komaroff, M. (245 F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Kostine, N. (223 F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Kauznezoff, P.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Kreiner, E.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Kroumm, A.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Lachtionoff, G. (57)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Lambert (de) C. (8 F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Lebedeff, V. (98 F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Lerche, M. (25)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Lewkowicz, H. (327 F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Linno, G. (15)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Lipowski, H. (330 F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Kokteff (61)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Makaroff, D. (13)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Makeef, P. (5)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Matyevitch, Matzevitch (152 F.)</span><br />
+<i>n</i>+Matyevitch, Capt. (178 F.)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Meybaum, T.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Miller (35)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Monakoff, (565 F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Naidenoff, G.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Naslennikoff, B.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Nikiforoff (18)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Nikolaieff (49)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Nikolsky, P. (17)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Oulianine, S. (181 F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Pehanovsky, B. (401 F.)</span><br />
++ Pietrowsky, G. (195 F.)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Porcheron, J. (640 F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Popoff, N. (50 F.)</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Poliakoff, A. (50)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Poplavko (34)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Pongolowski, W. (4)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Pristchepoff (38)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Raevsky, A. (F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Raygorodsky, A. (207 F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Rossinsky (68)</span><br />
+<i>n</i> Rouaroff, M. (245 F.)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Rynin, N. (23)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Sakoff, N. de (627 F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Salesky (41)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Samoilo (11)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Samouiloff, P. (51)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">S&eacute;m&eacute;niovitch (226 F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Semenko-Slavorossoff, H. (40)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Semitan (36)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Seversky-Prokofieff, N. (47)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Sewkowicz, L.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Shidloovsky, M.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Shimansky, K.</span><br />
+<!-- Page 190 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_190" id="Page_190">[Pg 190]</a></span><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Shimkevitch, V.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Sikorsky, I. (63)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Skarginsky, A. (43)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Slusarenko, W.</span><br />
++ Smith, V. (231 F.)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Sobansky Graf. (3)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Soechnikoff, A.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Soupnevsky, C. (26)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Springuefeld</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Sredinsky, A.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Strelmkoff (71)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Tchemiakoff (72)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Tkatcheff, V. (64)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Tounochensky (32)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Tselary, I. (54)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Wassilieff, A. (225 F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Zaikine (191 F.)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Zelinsky, Col. (273 F.)</span><br />
++ Zolotouchin, M. (31)<br />
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<h3><b>CIVILIAN AVIATORS.</b></h3>
+
+<p>There are very few purely civilian aviators in Russia. Russians who have obtained brevets include
+Mdlles Anarta (52), Golantchikova (55), Zvereva (30), Count de Lambert, (8 F.) and Count Malynski (209 F.)
+and one or two others. Few or none do any flying now.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="RUSSIAN_AEROPLANES" id="RUSSIAN_AEROPLANES"></a><b>RUSSIAN AEROPLANES.</b></h2>
+
+
+<h3><b>A-Z</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>AVIATIK.</i></b></h4>
+<p>St. Petersburger Aviatik Gesellschaft, Petersburg. Construct Aviatiks. (See <span class="smcap">Germany</span>.)</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>BRONISLAWSKI.</i></b></h4>
+<p>Experimental biplane with special stabilising features.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>DUX.</i></b></h4>
+<p>Fabrica Moscovita Tneerskaja "Dux," Lastawa, Moscow. Construct under license.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>GELTOUCHOW.</i></b></h4>
+<p>W. G. Geltouchow and A. W. Preiss, 4 Piasnitzkajai, Moscow. Constructs.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>GILBERT.</i></b></h4>
+<p>C. Gilbert, 195 Twerskaja, Moscow. Constructs.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>KENNEDY.</i></b></h4>
+<p>Soc. d. Dirigibles and Aeroplanes Kennedy, St. Petersburg.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>MOTOR.</i></b></h4>
+<p>Riga-Sassenhof.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>RODJESTVEISKY.</i></b></h4>
+<p>Built a triplane in 1911.<!-- Page 191 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_191" id="Page_191">[Pg 191]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="RUSSIAN_MILITARY_DIRIGIBLES_13" id="RUSSIAN_MILITARY_DIRIGIBLES_13"></a><b>RUSSIAN MILITARY DIRIGIBLES (13).</b></h2>
+
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="">
+<tr><td class="l" colspan="2"></td><td> (1)</td><td> (2)</td><td> (3 &amp; 4)</td><td> (5, 6, 7)</td><td> (8)</td><td> (9)</td><td> (10)</td><td> (11)</td><td> (12)</td><td> (13)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="l" colspan="2"> Name</td><td> <b>LEBEDJ.</b></td><td> <b>KOMMISSIONY.</b></td><td> <b>JASTREB</b> and <b>GOLOUBJ.</b></td><td> <b>ZODIAC VII,</b> <b>VIII &amp; IX.</b></td><td> <b>PARSEVAL.</b></td><td> <b>FORSZMANN I.</b></td><td> <b>FORSZMANN II.</b></td><td> <b>ASTRA 13.</b></td><td> <b>PARSEVAL 14.</b></td><td> <b>C. BAYARD 6,</b> <i>bis.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="l" colspan="2"> Make</td><td> Lebaudy.</td><td> C. Bayard I.</td><td> Outchebny I &amp; II.</td><td></td><td> Parseval 7.</td><td> Forszmann.</td><td> Forszmann.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="l" colspan="2"> Date</td><td> <b>1910.</b></td><td> <b>1910.</b></td><td> <b>1910-11.</b></td><td> <b>1910-11.</b></td><td> <b>1911.</b></td><td> <b>1911.</b></td><td> <b>1912.</b></td><td> <b>1913.</b></td><td> <b>1913.</b></td><td> <b>1913.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="l bb" colspan="2"> System</td><td class="bb"> Semi-rigid.</td><td class="bb"> Non-rigid.</td><td class="bb"> Semi-rigid.</td><td class="bb"> Non-rigid.</td><td class="bb"> Non-rigid.</td><td class="bb"> Non-rigid.</td><td class="bb"> Non-rigid.</td><td class="bb"> Non-rigid.</td><td class="bb"> Non-rigid.</td><td class="bb"> Non-rigid.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Volume</b></td><td class="l"> c. feet (m�.)</td><td> <b>3700</b></td><td> <b>3000</b></td><td> <b>1500</b></td><td> <b>2140</b></td><td> <b>7600</b></td><td> <b>800</b></td><td> <b>600</b></td><td> <b>9800</b></td><td> <b>10,000</b></td><td> <b>6200</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 200 (61)</td><td> 184 (56.25)</td><td> ...</td><td> 164 (50)</td><td> 236 (72)</td><td> 121-1/2 (37)</td><td> ...</td><td> 259 (77.80)</td><td> 279 (85)</td><td> 250 (77.60)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Diameter</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 35-1/2 (10.80)</td><td> 34-3/4 (10.58)</td><td> ...</td><td> 29-1/2 (9)</td><td> 46 (14)</td><td> 19-3/4 (6)</td><td> ...</td><td> 49 (14.90)</td><td> 52-1/2 (16)</td><td> 42-3/4 (13)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Gas Bags</b></td><td class="l"> fabric</td><td> Continental</td><td> Continental</td><td> ...</td><td> Continental</td><td> Continental</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> Continental</td><td> Reidinger</td><td> Continental</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> ballonets</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td><td> ...</td><td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 2 (3100 m�.)</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> compartments</td><td> 3</td><td> 2</td><td> 2</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Lift</b></td><td class="l"> total tons</td><td> 4</td><td> 3-3/4</td><td> ...</td><td> 2</td><td> 7</td><td> 1/2</td><td> 1/3</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 7-1/2</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> useful tons</td><td> 1-1/4</td><td> 1</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> nearly 4</td><td> about 3-1/2</td><td> 2-3/4</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> 1-70 Panhard (=70)</td><td> 1-105 Clement B. (=105)</td><td> 1-75 E.N.V. (=75)</td><td> 1-60 Labor (=60)</td><td> 2-110 N.A.G. (=220)</td><td> 1-24 (=24)</td><td> ...</td><td> 2-150 Chenu (=300)</td><td> 2-180 Maybach (=360)</td><td> 2-130 Clement B. (=260)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Propellers</b></td><td class="l"> number</td><td> 2</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td><td> two 4-bladed</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td><td> 3</td><td> two 4-bladed</td><td> 2</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r bb"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l bb"> m.p.h. (km.)</td><td class="bb"> 30 (49)</td><td class="bb"> 33-1/2 (54)</td><td class="bb"> 13 (21)</td><td class="bb"> 33-1/2 (54)</td><td class="bb"> 37 (59)</td><td class="bb"> 23 (37)</td><td class="bb"> ...</td><td class="bb"> 36 (60)</td><td class="bb"> 43 (68)</td><td class="bb"> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2"><i>Notes</i></td><td> <i>ex La Russie.</i></td><td> <i>Jastreb</i> reported wrecked, March, 1913.</td><td></td><td></td><td> Carries 500 litres of petrol. Has done 6-1/3 hours at 1500 metres, with 9 on board.</td><td></td><td> One-man dirigible.</td><td> Carries 740 litres petrol. Crew 6. Weights:Crew 1044 lbs.Tools, &amp;c. 220 "Petrol, oil, &amp;c. 7307 " = 8541 "Forward propeller 6m. diameter; the two after ones 3 m. each.</td><td></td><td> Special 2 speedgear to propellers.</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Note.</i>&mdash;Illustrations see next page.</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 192 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_192" id="Page_192">[Pg 192]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_209a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Lebedj. Uniform Dirigible Scale." title="Lebedj. Uniform Dirigible Scale."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Lebedj.</span> Uniform Dirigible Scale.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_209b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Jastreb (Outchebny)." title="Jastreb (Outchebny)."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Jastreb</span> (Outchebny).</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_209c.jpg" width="100%" alt="Kommissiony. Uniform Dirigible Scale." title="Kommissiony. Uniform Dirigible Scale."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Kommissiony.</span> Uniform Dirigible Scale.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_209d.jpg" width="100%" alt="FURSZMANN." title="FURSZMANN." />
+<div class="left">FURSZMANN.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><i>Note.</i>&mdash;The other dirigibles are of usual type. See <span class="smcap">France</span> and <span class="smcap">Germany</span>.</p>
+<p><!-- Page 193 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_193" id="Page_193">[Pg 193]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="SERVIA" id="SERVIA"></a><b>SERVIA.</b></h2>
+
+
+<h3><b>Military Aviation.</b></h3>
+
+<p>At end of March, 1913, there were 7 aeroplanes, and 3 more (<i>Bleriots</i>) on order.<!-- Page 194 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_194" id="Page_194">[Pg 194]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="SPANISH" id="SPANISH"></a><b>SPANISH.</b></h2>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Societies:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>El Real A&euml;ro Club de Espa&ntilde;a (70 rue Alcala, Madrid).</p>
+
+<p>La Asociacion de Locomocion A&eacute;rea (20 Plaza de Cataluna, Barcelona).</p>
+
+<p>Real Aero Club d'Espana.</p>
+
+<p>Cataluna Ae. C.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Journals:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><i>Boletin Oficial de la Asociacion de Locomocion A&eacute;rea</i>, 20, Plaza de
+Cataluna, Barcelona (monthly).</p>
+
+<p><i>Espa&ntilde;a Automovil</i>, 5, plaza de Isabel II, Madrid. Official organ,
+Spanish R. Ae. C.</p>
+
+<p><i>Revista de Locomotion Aerea</i>, 20, Plaza de Cataluna, Barcelona
+(monthly).</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Flying Grounds:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><b>Carbouchelle</b> Military School.</p></div>
+
+
+<h3><b>Army Aeroplanes.</b></h3>
+
+<p>There are 9 old <i>Farmans</i> (1910-11 model), and one or two more modern
+monoplanes: but little is doing.</p>
+
+<p>Some hydro-aeroplanes are on order for the Navy.</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>AVIATORS.</b></h3>
+
+<h4><b><i>Military.</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Adaro, Lt. J.<br />
+Alfaro, Lt. H.<br />
+Arridaga, Capt.<br />
+Berron, Lt. E.<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Echevarria, J.<br />
+Gonzales, Capt. C. J.<br />
+Granche<br />
+Kindelan, Capt. A.<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Menendez, M.<br />
+Ortiz, So. Lt. J.<br />
+Penas, M. de las<br />
+Pujo, Capt. (467 F)<br />
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<h4><b><i>Private.</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Campano<br />
+Dras, J. F.<br />
+Jezzi, R. G. L. (British Ae. C. 44)<a name="FNanchor_F_6" id="FNanchor_F_6"></a><a href="#Footnote_F_6" class="fnanchor">[F]</a><br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Lailhacar, de<br />
+Pascal, Ferdinand<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Pimentel, B. L.<br />
+Prince Alphonse d'Orleans (1)<br />
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<p>The following Spanish
+aviators have been
+killed:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="bbox" style="width: 10em; padding: 1em;">
+1909.<br />
+Fernandez, A.<br />
+<br />
+1911.<br />
+Pola, M.<br />
+Mauvais<br />
+<br />
+1912.<br />
+Bayo, Capt.<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_F_6" id="Footnote_F_6"></a><a href="#FNanchor_F_6"><span class="label">[F]</span></a> Jezzi lives in England where he is a well known
+amateur constructor.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Military Dirigible Pilots.</b></h4>
+
+<p>
+Herrera, Lt. E.<br />
+Kindelan y Duany, Capt. A.<br />
+Vives y Vich, Col.<br />
+</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 195 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_195" id="Page_195">[Pg 195]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="SPANISH_DIRIGIBLES_Non-rigid" id="SPANISH_DIRIGIBLES_Non-rigid"></a><b>SPANISH DIRIGIBLES (Non-rigid).</b></h2>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>ESPANA. Military.
+(ASTRA class.)</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/ill_212.jpg" width="100%" alt="ESPANA. Military." title="ESPANA. Military." /></div>
+
+<p><b>Maximum length</b>, 197 feet (60 m.) <b>maximum diameter</b>, 35-1/3 feet (10.75 m.) <b>volume,</b> 43,057 c. feet (4,000 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Total lift.</b>&mdash;9,700 lbs. (4,400 kgs.) <b>Useful lift</b>,    lbs. (    kgs.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bags.</b>&mdash;Yellow coloured rubber proofed Continental fabric.</p>
+
+<p><b>Motor.</b>&mdash;One 100 h.p. 4-cylinder Panhard.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;29 m.p.h.</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;1, at the front end of the car, of wood, "Integrale" type.</p>
+
+<p><b>Steering.</b>&mdash;As in <i>Clement Bayard I</i> and <i>Ville de Nancy</i>.</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;The two side stabilising shapes are duplicated, as they are in the <i>Ville de Paris</i>. A webbing
+stretched on steel tubes is introduced between the inner edges of the 4 main stabilising shapes to provide
+extra stabilising surface.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>TORRES-QUEVEDO II. Military.</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="ibox"> </div>
+
+<p><b>Maximum length</b>, 147&frac34; feet (45 m.) <b>maximum diameter</b>, 32&frac34; feet (10 m.) <b>volume,</b> 56,700 c. feet (1,600 m&sup3;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Total lift.</b>&mdash;     lbs. (     kgs.) <b>Useful lift</b>,      lbs. (     kgs.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Gas bags.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>Motor.</b>&mdash;60 h.p. Chenu.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>Propellers.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><b>Steering.</b>&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;Designed by Captain Kindelan and Engineer Torres Quevedo.</p>
+<p><!-- Page 196 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_196" id="Page_196">[Pg 196]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="SWEDISH" id="SWEDISH"></a><b>SWEDISH.</b></h2>
+
+<p class="center"><b>(Revised by Lieut. DAHLBECK, R. Swedish Navy.)</b></p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Societies:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Svenska A&euml;ronautiska S&auml;llskapet (Stockholm).</p>
+
+<p>Kungl. Automobil klubben: (Fenixpalatset, Stockholm).</p>
+
+<p>Svenska Motor-klubben: Aero sektion (Stockholm).</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Journals:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><i>Svensk Motor-Tidning</i> (Fenixpalatset, Stockholm) Fortnightly.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Flying Grounds:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><b>Ljungbyhed</b> (Sk&aring;ne), sheds.</p>
+
+<p><b>Malmsl�tt</b>, sheds.</p></div>
+
+
+<h3><b>Military Aeroplanes.</b></h3>
+
+<p>At the end of March, 1913, the Army possessed 1 monoplane, 1 biplane, and
+2 biplanes building.</p>
+
+<p>The Navy had 1 <i>Bleriot</i> type monoplane and 3 building.</p>
+
+<p>At the end of 1912 there were 9 privately owned aeroplanes.</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>AVIATORS.</b></h3>
+
+<p>(The number against any name is, unless otherwise
+stated, the Ae. C. Swedish pilot certificate.)</p>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<p><b><i>Military.</i></b></p>
+
+<p>
+von Porat, Lieut. (6)<br />
+Ljungner, Lieut. (7)<br />
+Hamilton, Capt. (2)<br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<p><b><i>Naval.</i></b></p>
+
+<p>
+Dahlbeck, Lieut. (3) (British Ae. C. 120)<br />
+Werner, Lieut. (9)<br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<p><b><i>Private.</i></b></p>
+
+<p>
+Cedarstr�m, Baron C. (1)<br />
+Fj�llb�ck (4)<br />
+&Aring;ngstr�m (5)<br />
+Sundstedt (8)<br />
+Thulin, M.A. (10)<br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 197 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_197" id="Page_197">[Pg 197]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="SWEDISH_AEROPLANES" id="SWEDISH_AEROPLANES"></a><b>SWEDISH AEROPLANES.</b></h2>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>ASK. Monoplane.</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_214a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Harlan type. Built by Ask, 1911." title="Harlan type. Built by Ask, 1911." />
+<div class="left"><i>Harlan</i> type. Built by Ask, 1911.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>NYROP. Naval Monoplane.</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_214b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Motor, 50 h.p. Gnome." title="50 h.p. Gnome." />
+<div class="left"><i>Bleriot</i> 2-seater. Built in Sweden by Nyrop, 1911. <b>Motor</b>, 50 h.p. Gnome.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>DAHLBECK.</i></b></h4>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_214c.jpg" width="100%" alt="Farman type. Built by Lieut. Dahlbeck. 1913." title="Farman type. Built by Lieut. Dahlbeck. 1913." />
+<div class="left"><i>Farman</i> type. Built by Lieut. Dahlbeck. 1913.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 198 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_198" id="Page_198">[Pg 198]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="SWISS" id="SWISS"></a><b>SWISS.</b></h2>
+
+<p>(<b>By our special Swiss editor.</b>)</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Societies:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+
+<p>Aero Club Suisse (3, Hirschengraben, Berne). Sec.: F. Filliot.</p>
+
+<p><i>a</i> Ostschweizerischer V. f&uuml;r L. (Z&uuml;rich).</p>
+
+<p><i>b</i> Sektion Mittelschwerz (Bern).</p>
+
+<p><i>c</i> Sektion Westschweiz (Romande) (Lausanne).</p>
+
+<p><i>d</i> Club Suisse d'Aviation (Geneva).</p>
+
+<p>Club Gen&ecirc;vois d'Aviation (Geneva). Sec.: P. Brasier.</p>
+
+<p>Fl&uuml;gsport Klub (Rorschach). Sec.: A. Z&uuml;rn.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Journals:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><i>Bulletin de l'Aero Club Suisse</i> (Berne). Monthly.</p>
+
+<p><i>La Suisse Sportive</i> (16, Rue de Hesse, Geneva). Weekly.</p>
+
+<p><i>Sport</i> (35, Boulevard Exterieur, Berne).</p>
+
+<p><i>Automobil Revue</i> (Berne). Weekly.</p>
+
+<p><i>Le Sport Suisse</i> (Geneva). Weekly.</p>
+
+<p><i>L'Auto Sport</i> (Geneva). Weekly.</p>
+
+<p><i>A.C.S.</i> (Swiss Aut. Clubs) (Geneva). Fortnightly.</p>
+
+<p><i>Das Illustrierte Programm</i> (Zurich). Fortnightly.</p>
+
+<p><i>Revue Weinfelden.</i> Monthly.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Flying Grounds:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><b>Avenches.</b></p>
+
+<p><b>Collex-Versoix.</b> (Club Suisse d'Aviation).</p>
+
+<p><b>Lucerne.</b>&mdash;60 acre park. Sheds.</p>
+
+<p><b>Petit Lancy.</b> Geneva (Geneva Club).</p>
+
+<p><b>D&uuml;bendorf bei Zurich.</b></p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Dirigible Station</b> (with hangars):&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><b>Lucerne.</b></p></div>
+
+
+<h3><b>Army Aeroplanes.</b></h3>
+
+<p>At the end of March, 1913, there were no army aeroplanes, a
+<i>Farman</i> bought in 1911 having ceased to exist.</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>Private Aeroplanes.</b></h3>
+
+
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="">
+<tr><td class="right">Total at end of <b>1910</b></td><td class="center"> <i>about</i></td><td> 10</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="right"><b>1911</b></td><td class="center"> "</td><td> 15</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>At the end of March, 1913, there were about <b>15</b> privately owned aeroplanes.</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>AVIATORS.</b></h3>
+
+<p>(The number against any name is, unless otherwise stated, the Ae. C. Suisse pilot
+certificate number.) + = killed.</p>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h4><b><i>Military.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Real, Lieut. T. (4)</span><br />
++ Schmidt, Capt. J.<br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h4><b><i>Private.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Audemars, E. (7)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Bianchi, P. (6)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Bider, O. (32)</span><br />
++ Blane, M. (17)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Bucher, M. (11)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Burkard, H. (20)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Burri, E. (24)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Casser, E. (28)</span><br />
++ Cobioni, E. (15)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Domenjoz, J. (10)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Durafour, F. (3)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Failloubaz, E. (1)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Grandjean, R. (2l)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Gsell, R. (12)</span><br />
++ H&ouml;sli, G. (25)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Hug, M. (18)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Ingold, K. E. (35)</span><br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h4><br/></h4>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Jucker, A. (13)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Kramer, H. (31)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Mallei, A. (23)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Parmelin, A. (22)</span><br />
++ Primavesi, E. (34)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Rech, E. (29)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Rettig, J. J. (27)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Reynold, M. (19)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Ruchonnet, E. (5)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Rupp, A. (9)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Salvioni, C. (16)</span><br />
++ Schmid, H. (14)<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Schumacher, J. (26)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Taddoli, E. (2)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Trepp, M. (30)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Wyss P. A. (8)</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Z&uuml;st, B. (33)</span><br />
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+<p><!-- Page 199 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_199" id="Page_199">[Pg 199]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="SWISS_AEROPLANES" id="SWISS_AEROPLANES"></a><b>SWISS AEROPLANES.</b></h2>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_216a.jpg" width="100%" alt='Grandjean.' title='Grandjean.' />
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Grandjean.</span></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_216b.jpg" width="100%" alt='Taddeoli.' title='Taddeoli.' />
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Taddeoli.</span></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_216c.jpg" width="100%" alt='Wetterwald.' title='Wetterwald.' />
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Wetterwald.</span></div>
+</div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"> Model and date.</th><th> <b>GRANDJEAN.</b> Hydro-monoplane. <b>1911-12.</b></th><th> <b>TADDEOLI.</b> Monoplane. <b>1911-12.</b></th><th> <b>WETTERWALD.</b> Monoplane. <b>1912.</b></th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 33 (10)</td><td> 19-3/4 (6)</td><td> 24-1/2 (7.50)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 33 (10)</td><td> 29-1/2 (9)</td><td> 33 (10)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l"> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 191 (18)</td><td> 151 (14)</td><td> 215 (20)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l"> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 750 (340)</td><td> 880 (400)</td><td> 705 (320)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> useful, lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 310 (140)</td><td> 330 (150)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> 50 Oerlikon</td><td> 50 Gnome</td><td> 40 E.N.V.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l"> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 62 (100)</td><td> 69 (110)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 56 (90)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 2</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><!-- Page 200 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_200" id="Page_200">[Pg 200]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="TURKISH" id="TURKISH"></a><b>TURKISH.</b></h2>
+
+
+<h3><b>Army Aeroplanes.</b></h3>
+
+<p>There is a military aerodrome at S. Stefano, with Amerigo, Renzel and
+Thanlau as instructors.</p>
+
+<p>In March, 1913, there were about 12 monoplanes (<i>Harlans &amp; Reps</i>), and
+one or two biplanes. Only one seems actually to have been used. Several
+other aeroplanes were captured during the war&mdash;generally in their packing
+cases unopened. In April, 50 machines were reported ordered in Germany.</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>AVIATORS.</b></h3>
+
+<h4><b><i>Military.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>
+Fessa, Bey (780, F.)<br />
+Kienan, Lt. (797, F.)<br />
+Nouri, Lt.<br />
+Ratzian<br />
+Refik, Capt.<br />
+Sismanoglou, J.<br />
+</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="URUGUAY" id="URUGUAY"></a><b>URUGUAY.</b></h2>
+
+
+<h3><b>Aeroplanes in the country.</b></h3>
+
+<p class="center"><i>None.</i></p>
+
+
+<h3><b>AVIATOR:</b></h3>
+
+<p>Cameo, M. Garcia</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 201 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_201" id="Page_201">[Pg 201]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="USA" id="USA"></a><b>U.S.A.</b></h2>
+
+<p class="center"><b>(Edited by E. L. JONES, Editor of "Aeronautics," U.S.A.)</b></p>
+
+
+<p><b>General Note.</b>&mdash;In the early nineties, Professor Langley and the Bros. Wright were experimenting with heavier-than-air machines, but general interest in the
+subject is quite recent. Though some small dirigibles exist, American attention is mainly devoted to aeroplanes. Ballooning was quite the thing in 1907-11, but
+has languished.</p>
+
+<p>It is stated that there are certainly no less than <i>two thousand</i> people in the U. S. A. who have built flying machines. The greater percentage of these have been
+home-made copies of standard machines. Individual builders of copies and freaks have diminished greatly in numbers, and there remains a few well-established
+manufacturers.</p>
+
+<p>Although inventors are still prolific in the Patent Office and clubs numerous, the general public takes very slight intelligent interest in aviation. The majority
+of clubs are inactive.</p>
+
+<p>In the year 1912 commercial development seemed to have great possibilities. The copyists were being weeded out and competent aeronautical constructors
+financed by adequate means began operations on systematic business lines. The latter half of the year saw a great slump. In the spring of 1913 prospects
+looked greatly improved, and there was generally increased activity.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>Aerial Journals:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><b>Aeronautics.</b>&mdash;122, East 25th Street, New York. Monthly.</p>
+
+<p><b>Aircraft.</b>&mdash;37, East 28th Street, New York. Monthly.</p>
+
+<p><b>Fly.</b>&mdash;1701, Chestnut, Philadelphia, Pa. Monthly.</p>
+
+<p><b>Aero.</b>&mdash;Chicago, Ills. Weekly.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>Flying Grounds:</b>&mdash;</h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><b>Belmont Park, N.Y.</b>&mdash;Old race track. Not very good. Scene of 1910 meet.
+30 sheds occupied by few experimenters.</p>
+
+<p><b>Dayton.</b>&mdash;<i>Wright</i> school private field.</p>
+
+<p><b>Chicago, Ills.</b>&mdash;Two fine fields.</p>
+
+<p><b>Fort Myer, Va.</b>&mdash;Government and private sheds.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hammondsport, N.Y.</b>&mdash;<i>Curtiss</i> factory. Field (small) and lake for water
+planes.</p>
+
+<p><b>Los Angeles, Calif.</b>&mdash;Several fields in vicinity. Used for <i>Eaton</i> school and
+private flyers.</p>
+
+<p><b>Marblehead, Mass.</b>&mdash;Poor field. Home of Burgess C. Fine for hydro-aeroplanes.</p>
+
+<p><b>Mineola, N.Y.</b>&mdash;<i>Moisant, Sloane</i> and another school, and individuals.
+About 1 by 10 miles level field, without obstructions.</p>
+
+<p><b>Oakwood Heights, Staten I., N.Y.</b>&mdash;The Aeronautical Soc. grounds, on
+bay for use of hydro-aeroplanes.</p>
+
+<p><b>San Diego, Calif.</b>&mdash;Winter quarters <i>Curtiss</i> camp; also used by army
+flyers.</p>
+
+<p><b>San Francisco</b> (near).&mdash;Good.</p>
+
+<p><b>St. Louis, Mo.</b>&mdash;Kinloch Park. <i>Benoist</i> school and private owners.</p></div>
+<p><!-- Page 202 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_202" id="Page_202">[Pg 202]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3><b>U. S. A. AERO CLUBS.</b></h3>
+
+<p>An attempt has been made here to give the name of every aero club that has been formed recently in the United States, or has been in existence for a long time. It is
+believed this list covers every club in the United States.</p>
+
+<p>Many of these clubs are nothing but a name. They were formed to conduct meets or exhibitions, given by the various aeroplane concerns engaged in this business.
+Many clubs are not incorporated. Others have no organisation, being run by principals of boys' schools or classes.</p>
+
+<p>Clubs even affiliated with the Aero Club of America have no members' meetings, nor have they in many cases even meeting rooms. There are but a half-dozen live aero
+clubs worthy the name in America. Three clubs own balloons, which are rented to members for ascensions. Little attempt is made by more than one or two associations to
+popularise aeronautics, to encourage experimenters, or to indulge in scientific work.</p>
+
+<p>The Aero Club of America, the Aeronautical Society and Aero Club of Illinois, are the principal organisations. The Ae. C. represents the F.A.I., and has a beautiful
+club house. The Aeronautical Society has rooms in the United Engineering Building, conducts well-attended lectures twice a month, and has grounds on Straten Island (for
+hydro-aeroplanes and aeroplanes).</p>
+
+<p>Clubs affiliated with the Ae. C. of America are marked *</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>CALIFORNIA.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>New Orleans Aero Club, Wm. Allen, Sec., New Orleans</p>
+
+<p>*Aero Club of California, Prof. H. La V. Twining, Pres., 1308
+Calumet St. Los Angeles.</p>
+
+<p>*Pacific Aero Club, Pacific Buildings, 331 Octavia Street, San
+Francisco</p>
+
+<p>Postal Aero Club, 305 W. Santa Clara Street, San Jose</p>
+
+<p>University of California Aero Club, T. W. Veitch, Sec., Berkeley</p>
+
+<p>Oakland Aero Club, Oakland</p>
+
+<p>*Aero Club of Colorado, 36 West Colfax Avenue, Denver, Col.</p>
+
+<p>Aero Club of Blackstonehill, Oakland, Calif, c/o W. R. Davis, Jr.,
+474 Prospect Street</p>
+
+<p>Curtiss Amateur Aviation Club, Harold Scott, Secretary, Los
+Angeles</p>
+
+<p>Santa Clara Valley Aero Club, Chamber of Commerce, San Jose</p>
+
+<p>Aero Club of San Diego, San Diego, Colonel C. C. Collier, Pres.</p>
+
+<p>Aero Club of Pasedena, W. J. Hogan, Pres., 635 Chamber of Commerce,
+Box 1054</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>CONNECTICUT.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>*Aero Club of Connecticut, Pres., A. Holland Forbes, at Fairfield</p>
+
+<p>Yale University Aero Club, New Haven</p>
+
+<p>Aero Club of Hartford, Hiram Percy Maxim, Pres., Hartford</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>CUBA.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>*Aero Club de Cuba, Ignario 5, Havana</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>DELAWARE.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Aero Club of Delaware, Wilmington</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Washington Aero Scientific Club, F. L. Rice, Sec., c/o Y.M.C.A.,
+Washington</p>
+
+<p>*Aero Club of Washington, Dr. Albert F. Zahm, Sec., Cosmos Club,
+Washington</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>FLORIDA.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Aeronautic Society of Florida, Davenport and Kerrison, Secs., 2014
+Main Street, Jacksonville</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>ILLINOIS.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>*Aero Club of Illinois, F. McCormick, Pres., 240 Michigan Avenue,
+Chicago</p>
+
+<p>Aeroplane and Kite Club, E. E. Harbert, Pres., 2852 N. Clark
+Street, Chicago</p>
+
+<p>University of Chicago Aero Club, Chicago</p>
+
+<p>*Aircraft Club of Peoria, c/o Leslie Lord, 505 E. Armstrong Street,
+Peoria</p>
+
+<p>Aeronautical Society of the University of Illinois, Urbana, R. Watts,
+Sec., 507 E. John Street, Champaigne</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>INDIANA.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Purdue Aero Club, Purdue University, Lafayette</p>
+
+<p>South Bend Aero Club, South Bend.</p>
+
+<p>*Aero Club of Indiana, Indianapolis</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>KANSAS.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Aero Club of Topeka, Topeka</p>
+
+<p>*Western Aero Association, E. S. Cole, Sec., Topeka</p>
+
+<p>Kansas State Aero Club, C. H. Lyons, Sec., Overland Park</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>KENTUCKY.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Continental Aero Club, Richmond</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>LOUISIANA.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Southern Aero Club, 809 Canal Street, New Orleans</p>
+
+<p>New Orleans Aero Club, Wm. Allen, Sec., New Orleans</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>MARYLAND.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>*Aero Club of Baltimore, Col. Jerome H. Joyce, Pres., Baltimore</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>MASSACHUSETTS.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Aero Club of North Adams, North Adams</p>
+
+<p>*Aero Club of New England, A. R. Shrigley, Sec., 26 Trement St.,
+Boston</p>
+
+<p>Amherst Aero Club, Amherst</p>
+
+<p>*Pittsfield Aero Club, L. J. Minahan, Pres., Pittsfield</p>
+
+<p>Springfield Aero Club, c/o Charles T. Shean, Pres., 3 John Street,
+Springfield</p>
+
+<p>Tufts College Aero Club, Tufts College</p>
+
+<p>*Harvard Aeronautical Society, Prof. A. Lawrence Rotch, Pres., Blue
+Hill Observatory</p>
+
+<p>Mass. Inst. of Technology Aero Club, John S. Selfridgem, Sec.,
+Inst. of Technology, Boston</p>
+
+<p>Dartmouth Aero Club, Richard F. Paul, Sec., Dartmouth</p>
+
+<p>First Assn. of Licensed Pilots, Chas. J. Glidden, Pres., Hotel
+Somerset, Boston</p>
+
+<p>Williams Aeronautical Society, Williams College, Robert O. Starret,
+Sec., Williamstown</p></div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 203 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_203" id="Page_203">[Pg 203]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b>MICHIGAN.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>*Aero Club of Michigan, C. B. du Charme, Sec., Detroit</p>
+
+<p>University of Michigan Aero Club, Ann Arbor</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>MINNESOTA.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Minneapolis Junior Aero Club, Stillman Chase, Sec., 3047 5th
+Avenue, S., Minneapolis</p>
+
+<p>St. Louis Experimental Ass'n., 5346 Zealand Street, St. Louis</p>
+
+<p>*Kansas City Aero Club, George M. Myers, Pres., Convention Hall,
+Kansas City</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>MISSOURI.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>*Aero Club of St. Louis, 1429 Pine Street, St. Louis</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>MONTANA.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Aero Club of St. Charles College, Helena</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>NEBRASKA.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Aero Club of Nebraska, Col. Wm. H. Glassford, Pres., Fort Omaha</p>
+
+<p>Junior Aero Club or the Y.M.C.A., c/o Y.M.C.A., Omaha</p>
+
+<p>Lincoln Aero Club, Lincoln, c/o G. R. Brownfield, 1234 "O" Street</p>
+
+<p>Aviation Club of Nebraska, Arthur Frenzer, Sec., 2778 California
+Street, Omaha</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>NEW JERSEY.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Princeton University Aero Club, Princeton</p>
+
+<p>Aeronautic Society of New Jersey, c/o N.J. Automobile &amp; Motor
+Club, Broad Street, Newark</p>
+
+<p>Aero Club of New Jersey, c/o James K. Duffy, Sec., 315 Madison
+Avenue, New York</p>
+
+<p>New Jersey Aeronautical League, W. A. Kraus, Sec., Guttenberg</p>
+
+<p>Aero and Motor Club, Asbury Park</p>
+
+<p>Atlantic City Aero Club, Col. Walter E. Edge, Sec., Atlantic City</p>
+
+<p>Model School Aero Club, Trenton, R. G. Teavitt, Sec.</p>
+
+<p>Trenton Aero Club, James Fenton, Sec., Trenton</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>NEW YORK.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>*Aero Club of America, 297 Madison Avenue, Chas. Walsh, Sec.</p>
+
+<p>The Aeronautical Society, 250 W. 54th Street, Arnold Kruckman,
+Gen. Sec.</p>
+
+<p>Aeronautic Alumni Ass'n., c/o West Side Y.M.C.A., West 57th
+Street</p>
+
+<p>New York Model Aero Club, Adrien Lacroix, Sec., 141 Lexington
+Avenue</p>
+
+<p>National Model Aero Club, c/o A. Leo Stevens, 282 9th Avenue</p>
+
+<p>Stuyvesant Aeronautic Society, 345 East 15th Street, Percey W.
+Pierce, Sec.</p>
+
+<p>Columbia Aero Club, Columbia University, 116th Street</p>
+
+<p>Dewitt Clinton High School Aero Club, 58th Street and 10th
+Avenue</p>
+
+<p>*Aero Club of Buffalo, Lafayette Hotel, Buffalo, N.Y.</p>
+
+<p>Thousand Islands Aero Club, c/o Dr. J. M. Gibbons, 168 Montague
+Street, Ithaca</p>
+
+<p>Aeronautic Section, Technology Club, Syracuse</p>
+
+<p>Boys' High School Aero Club, Henry St. Pieless, Sec., 815 Avenue,
+J., Brooklyn</p>
+
+<p>*Rochester Aero Club, c/o L. J. Seely, 10 Culver Road, Rochester</p>
+
+<p>Aero Club of the Y.M.C.A., Harold C. Carpenter, Pres., White
+Plains</p>
+
+<p>Aero Club, Haliano, U.S.A., 135, West 12th Street, N.Y. Seventy-two
+members. C. Chiantelli, Sec.</p>
+
+<p>Junior Aero Club, c/o A. E. Horn, Public School, 77 Park Avenue
+and 84th Street</p>
+
+<p>Aero Club of Long Island, c/o Hohn H. Lisle, Alen Cove</p>
+
+<p>Commerce Aero Club, 65 West 117th Street</p>
+
+<p>*Aero Club of New York, Garden City.</p>
+
+<p>Mechanics Aeronautical Ass'n., c/o H. H. Simms, 304 Cutler
+Building, Rochester</p>
+
+<p>Aeronautical Research Club of the Y.M.C.A., H. C. Myers, Sec.,
+Buffalo</p>
+
+<p>Aero Club Italiano, Saverio A. Mascia, 403 Park Avenue</p>
+
+<p>Aeronautical Society of Women, Miss Dorothy E. Ball, Sec., 250
+West 54th Street</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>OHIO.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>*Aero Club of Ohio, Canton</p>
+
+<p>*Aero Club of Dayton, Dayton</p>
+
+<p>International Aeroplane Club, Dayton</p>
+
+<p>Cleveland Aero Club, C. J. Forbes, Sec., Hollanden Hotel, Cleveland</p>
+
+<p>*Aero Club of Cincinnati, c/o P. L. Mitchell, Traction Buildings,
+Cincinnati</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>OREGON.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Portland Aero Club, E. Henry Wemme, Pres., Portland</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>PENNSYLVANIA.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Aviation Section, Professional Chauffeurs Ass'n. of America, 1933
+Spring Gardens, Phil.</p>
+
+<p>*Aero Club of Pennsylvania, Rev. Geo. S. Gassner, Sec., Betz Buildings,
+Phil.</p>
+
+<p>Ben Franklin Aeronautical Ass'n., c/o Dr. T. Chalmers Fulton, 6th
+and Diamond Street, Phil.</p>
+
+<p>Philadelphia Aeronautical Recreation Society, Dr. Thos. E. Eldridge,
+Pres., 1639 N. Broad Street, Phil.</p>
+
+<p>Haverford College Aero Club, Haverford, Pa.</p>
+
+<p>Swartmore College Aero Club, Swartmore, Pa.</p>
+
+<p>Univ. of Penn. Aero Club, Univ. of Penn., Phil., Pa.</p>
+
+<p>Aero Club of Carnegie, Tech. Schools, Pittsburg, Pa.</p>
+
+<p>Intercollegiate Aeronautical Ass'n., Geo. A. Richardson, Pres.,
+Univ. of Penn., Phil.</p>
+
+<p>Pittsburg Aero Club, H. P. Haas, Sec., Magel Buildings, Pittsburg, Pa.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>RHODE ISLAND.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Pawtucket Aero Club, Pawtucket</p>
+
+<p>Rhode Island Aeronautical Society, Providence, John J. Long, Sec.,
+c/o Brown University</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>TENNESSE.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Nashville Aero Club, Nashville, E. Fisher Coles, Sec.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>TEXAS.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Dallas Aero Club, c/o Chamber of Commerce</p>
+
+<p>San Antonio Aero Club, c/o Dr. Fred J. Fielding, 423 Hick's Buildings,
+San Antonio</p>
+
+<p>South Western Aero Club, P.O. Box 821, Fort Worth</p>
+
+<p>Texas Junior Aeronautical Ass'n., Hugh Dumas, Pres., Fort Worth</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>UTAH.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Aero Club of Utah, c/o L. R. Culver, 11 Eagle Block, Salt Lake
+City</p>
+
+<p>Salt Lake City Aero Club, c/o Mr. Campbell, Walker Bank Buildings,
+Salt Lake City</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>VERMONT.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Aero Club of Vermont, Chas. T. Fairfield, Pres., c/o Rutland News,
+Rutland</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>VIRGINIA.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>University of Virginia Aero Club, Stanford Swin, Sec., University of
+Virginia</p>
+
+<p>Virginia-Tennesse Aero Club, Bristol, Va-Tenn, C. W. Morey, Sec.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>WASHINGTON.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>Aero Club of Washington, 415 Union Trust Buildings, Washington,
+D.C.</p>
+
+<p>Aero Club of Seattle, c/o M. Robert Guggenheim, 511 Lonan Buildings,
+Seattle</p>
+
+<p>Walla Walla Aero Club, Walla Walla</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>WISCONSIN.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>*Milwaukee Aero Club, Milwaukee, c/o Major Henry B. Hersey,
+Chief of the Weather Bureau, Milwaukee</p>
+
+<p>Milwaukee Aeronautic Society, Pres., Sherman Brown, Manager of
+Davidson Theatre, Milwaukee</p></div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 204 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_204" id="Page_204">[Pg 204]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3><b>U.S.A. MILITARY AVIATION.</b></h3>
+
+
+<h3><b>U. S. ARMY AEROPLANE SPECIFICATIONS. (1912).</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b>SPEED SCOUT MILITARY AEROPLANE.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>(1) Carry one person with the seat located to permit of the largest possible field of observation.
+(2) Ascend at the rate of 1500 feet in three minutes, while carrying fuel for one hour's flight.
+(3) Carry fuel for a three hours' flight. (4) Must be easily transportable by road, rail, etc., and
+easily and rapidly assembled and adjusted. (5) The starting and landing devices must be part of
+the machine itself, and it must be able to start without outside assistance. (6) The engine must be
+capable of throttling. (7) The engine will be subject to endurance test in the air of two hours'
+continuous flight. (8) Speed in the air of at least 65 miles an hour. (9) Capable of landing on and
+arising from ploughed fields. (10) The supporting surfaces must be of sufficient size to insure safe
+gliding in case the engine stops. (11) The efficiency and reliability of the system of control must
+have been demonstrated before the purchase order is placed. The aeroplane must be capable of
+executing a figure eight within a rectangle 500 yards by 250 yards, and without decreasing its
+altitude more than 100 feet at the completion of the figure eight. This test to be made by aviator
+alone without carrying extra weight. (12) The extreme width of the aeroplane supporting surfaces
+must not exceed 40 feet.</p></div>
+
+
+<h4><b>SCOUT MILITARY AEROPLANE.</b></h4>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>(1) The aeroplane must carry two persons with seats located to permit of the largest possible field
+of observation for both. (2) The control must be capable of use by either operator from either seat.
+(3) The machine must be able to ascend at least 2000 feet in ten minutes while carrying a weight of
+600 lbs. including the aviator and passenger, 150 lbs. of gasoline, and extra weight to make 600 lbs.
+All of the extra weight must be carried on the engine section and not distributed over the wings.
+(4) The fuel and oil capacity must be sufficient for at least four hours continuous flight. This will
+be determined by a trial flight of at least one half-hour, measuring the consumption of gasoline while
+carrying the passenger and weight stated in paragraph 3. (5) Same as No. 4 above. (6) Same as
+No. 5 above. (7) The engine must be of American manufacture and capable of throttling to run at
+reduced speed. (8) Same as No. 7 above. This test will be made with aviator and passenger, extra
+weight and fuel enumerated in paragraphs 3 and 4. (9) The aeroplane must develop a speed in the
+air of at least forty miles an hour. This test will be made with aviator and passenger, extra weight
+and fuel enumerated in paragraphs 3 and 4. The maximum speed must not exceed sixty-five miles
+per hour. (10) Same as No. 9 above. This test will be made with aviator, passenger, extra weight
+and fuel enumerated in paragraphs 3 and 4. (11) Same as No. 10 above. (12) Same as No. 11
+above. (13) Same as No. 12 above.</p></div>
+
+<p>In <b>1913</b> additional requirements specified enclosed body, bullet-proof armour, .75 chrome steel, for
+engine and aviator, provision of necessary instruments and wireless, with, as desirable features, silencer
+and cut-out, self-starter and an efficient stabilising device.</p>
+
+<p>At end of March, 1913, the effective Army aeroplanes consisted of three 50 h.p. <i>Wrights</i>, one
+<i>Wright-Burgess</i>, several old machines.</p>
+
+<p>The Navy had two <i>Wright-Burgess</i> hydros and a few nondescripts. A <i>Burgess</i> flying boat since added.</p>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<p>The estimate for Army effectives at end of the present year (1913) is 21 (5 <i>Burgess</i>, 6 <i>Curtiss</i>, 10
+<i>Wright</i>).</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>AVIATORS.</b></h3>
+
+<p class="center">(The numbers after any name is the number of the
+U. S. Aero Club certificate.)</p>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h4><b><i>Army.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>
+Arnold, Lieut. H. H. (29)<br />
+Beck, P. Capt. (39)<br />
+Brereton, Lt. L. H. (211)<br />
+Burge, Corp. V. S. (154)<br />
+Chandler, C. de F. Capt. (59)<br />
+Foulois, Lieut. (140)<br />
+Geiger, Lieut. H. (166)<br />
+Goodier, Lt. L. E. (200)<br />
+Graham, Lieut. H. (152)<br />
+Hennessy, Capt. F. B. (153)<br />
+Humphreys, Lieut.<br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h4><br/></h4>
+
+<p>Kirtland, Lieut. R.C. (45)<br />
+Lahm, Lieut. F. P. (2)<br />
+Love, Lieut. M. L. (155)<br />
+McClaskey, Lieut. J. W. (90)<br />
+McKay, Capt. G. W. (67)<br />
+McLeary, Lieut. S. H. (210)<br />
+McManus, Lieut.<br />
+Milling, Lieut. (30)<br />
+Rodgers, J. Lieut. (48)<br />
+Sherman, Lieut. W. C. (151)<br />
+Winder, Lieut.-Col. C.B. (130)<br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h4><b><i>Navy.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>
+Herbster, Ens. (103)<br />
+Ellyson, Lieut. T. G. (28)<br />
+Rodgers, John, Lieut.<br />
+Towers, Lieut. J. H. (62)<br />
+</p></div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+<p><!-- Page 205 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_205" id="Page_205">[Pg 205]</a></span></p>
+
+<h3><b>U.S.A. PRIVATE AVIATORS (to end of 1911).</b></h3>
+
+<p>(The number against any name is, unless otherwise stated, the Ae. C. America pilot certificate number. Only a few American aviators have bothered to obtain the Ae. Certificate. America
+produces a large number of aviators who fly for pleasure or exhibitions only and have not gone into competitions under International Rules. These consequently
+do not bother about certificates; but most of those recorded could easily obtain them, if they cared to try.)</p>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Adams, Clarence<br />
+Adams, A. S. (215)<br />
+Alvarez, F.<br />
+Ambrose, Charles<br />
+Andrews, Thornwell<br />
+Apto, H. J.<br />
+Arndt, Edw. F.<br />
+Atwater, Mrs. L. J.<br />
+Atwater, W. B. (98)<br />
+Atwood, H. N. (33)<br />
+Baker, G. H.<br />
+Baldwin, Ivy<br />
+Baldwin, Capt. T. S. (7)<br />
+Barnett, A. E.<br />
+Barton, Sam<br />
+Bates, M. F. (66)<br />
+Beachey, Hillery (89)<br />
+Beachey, Lincoln (27)<br />
+Beatty, G. W. (41)<br />
+Beckly, Wm. A.<br />
+Beers, W. C. (40)<br />
+Benoist, T. W.<br />
+Bergdoll, Louis, J.<br />
+Betton, Kaid<br />
+Bishop, Cortland<br />
+Bleakley, W. H.<br />
+Boandette, A. B.<br />
+Bonner, G. T.<br />
+Bonette, C. C.<br />
+Bonney, L. W. (47)<br />
+Brackett, A. J.<br />
+Brewer, Roy<br />
+Brindley, O. A. (46)<br />
+Brinker, H. S.<br />
+Brodie, O. W. (135)<br />
+Brookins, W. R. (19)<br />
+Brown, H. H. (58)<br />
+Bumbaugh, Capt. G. L.<br />
+Burgess, W. Starling (136)<br />
+Burligh, Chas.<br />
+Bush, J. F.<br />
+Butler, P. J.<br />
+Callon, J. L. (102)<br />
+Champion, Frank (86)<br />
+Christmas, Wm.<br />
+Cannon, Jack<br />
+Cline, W. F.<br />
+Coffyn, F. C. (26)<br />
+Cole, R.<br />
+Coleman, R. F.<br />
+Cook, W. B. (95)<br />
+Cooke, Henry C.<br />
+Cooke, F. G. (26)<br />
+Cooper, John D. (60)<br />
+Costello, A. B.<br />
+Coutourier, C. (79)<br />
+Crewelson, W. H.<br />
+Cross, Redmond W. (35)<br />
+Crosby, R. W.<br />
+Cummings, J. A.<br />
+Curtiss, Glenn H. (1) &amp; (Ae. C. F. 1)<br />
+Curzon, J. W.<br />
+DeGiers, C.<br />
+De Hart, D. C.<br />
+De Kor, F. (72)<br />
+Dennis, D. L.<br />
+Dixon, S. D.<br />
+Dougherty, E. S. (87)<br />
+Doyle, H.<br />
+Drew, A. (50)<br />
+Drexel, J. A. (8)<br />
+Durgan, W. E.<br />
+Dyott, G. M.<br />
+Eaton, Warren<br />
+Ecot, Robert G.<br />
+Eells, Fred.<br />
+Elton, Albert (75)<br />
+Engel, A. J.<br />
+Erickson, Louis, G.<br />
+Eshoo, D.<br />
+Evans, W.<br />
+Ey, G.<br />
+Fish, Farnam (85)<br />
+Fortney, Lewis<br />
+Fowler, R. G.<br />
+Freeman, A. (84)<br />
+Fuchs, Joseph<br />
+Funk, T. B.<br />
+Gallaudet, E. F. (32)<br />
+Games, A. B.<br />
+Gantz, Saxe P.<br />
+Gardener, Hubbard G.<br />
+Garner, R. W.<br />
+Gaskell, Bud<br />
+Gratz, H. F.<br />
+Gray, George<br />
+Green, William, Dr.<br />
+Gregory, Donald<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Greider, C.<br />
+Greider, J.<br />
+Gressier, Romaine<br />
+Guey, Fung Joe<br />
+Hadley, C. O.<br />
+Hall,<br />
+Hamilton, C. K. (12)<br />
+Hamilton, J. W.<br />
+Hamilton, Thos. W.<br />
+Hammond, Lee (34)<br />
+Harper<br />
+Harkness, H. S. (16)<br />
+Harmon, C. B. (6)<br />
+Hartman, A.<br />
+Haupt, Willie<br />
+Havens, Beckwith (127)<br />
+Hendrian, A.<br />
+Henning, J. C.<br />
+Henningsen, Fred<br />
+Heth, Eugene<br />
+Henry, R. St.<br />
+Hilliard, W. M. (Brit. Ae. C. 102)<br />
+Hills, H. V.<br />
+Hofer, W.<br />
+Hoff, Wm. H. (91)<br />
+Hoflake, Charles<br />
+Holden, J. J.<br />
+Holt, L. E. (63)<br />
+Hoover, Fred. (100)<br />
+Hoover, H. H.<br />
+Huddleston, E. D.<br />
+James, Stanley<br />
+Janicke, W.<br />
+Jannus, Anthony (80)<br />
+Jennings, J. C.<br />
+Jerwan, S. S. (54)<br />
+Johnson, Frank H.<br />
+Johnson, Walter E. (164)<br />
+Jumel, August<br />
+Kantner, H. (65)<br />
+Kellrey, H.<br />
+Kemmerle, Horace<br />
+Kennedy, F. M. (97)<br />
+Kiley, J. E.<br />
+Kimball, Wilbur R.<br />
+Klein, H. H.<br />
+Klockles, J. G.<br />
+Korn, Edward<br />
+Krasting, Theodore<br />
+La Chapelle, Duval<br />
+Lambert, A. B. (61)<br />
+Lambreath, C. E.<br />
+Lapadat, N.<br />
+Laser, G. F.<br />
+Le Van, Howard<br />
+Lewis, S. C. (92)<br />
+Lewkowicz, Ladis<br />
+Lidstone, Ed. S.<br />
+Lillie, M. T. (73)<br />
+Lockwood, Chas.<br />
+Longfellow, H. W.<br />
+Loose, Geo. H.<br />
+Lougheed, A.<br />
+Longo, T.<br />
+Ludwig, Vandy<br />
+Maier<br />
+Manners, George<br />
+Mars, J. C. (11)<br />
+Martin, J. B.<br />
+Martin, G. L. (56)<br />
+Martin, J. V.<br />
+Massar, A. M.<br />
+Masson<br />
+Matalach, S. H.<br />
+Mattingley, O. A.<br />
+Maynard, Arthur<br />
+Mayo, Albert (99)<br />
+McCally, J. B. (94)<br />
+McCarty, James<br />
+McClellam<br />
+McCollum, W. C.<br />
+McCurdy, J. A. D. (18)<br />
+McGoey, Thomas<br />
+McNamara, Geo. E.<br />
+McManus, L.<br />
+McMahon, A. J.<br />
+Medrick, F. H.<br />
+Meyerhoffer, Orvar<br />
+Miller, Clinton R.<br />
+Moisant, Miss M. E. (44)<br />
+Morok, Chas. B.<br />
+Mourfield, Carl<br />
+Murias, De E. F. (38)<br />
+Murphy, T.<br />
+Murphy, Wm.<br />
+Neidmiller, Ed.<br />
+Nelson, N. B.<br />
+Nelson, Nels. T.<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Ovington, E. L.<br />
+Page, P. W. (68)<br />
+Paine, N. B.<br />
+Paridon, Michael<br />
+Park, Henry<br />
+Paulding, Dwight<br />
+Paulhan, L. (3)<br />
+Pfiel, P.<br />
+Post, Augustus<br />
+Powers, H. W.<br />
+Prince, Norman (55)<br />
+Prentice,<br />
+Prospect, Louis<br />
+Prowse, C. O.<br />
+Raiche, Mrs. F.<br />
+Ragot, Louis<br />
+Reichert, H. D. W. (82)<br />
+Remington, Earle<br />
+Reynolds, Dr. Percy, L.<br />
+Richter, J. (81)<br />
+Riggs, E.<br />
+Roat, Arthur R.<br />
+Robinson, H. (42)<br />
+Roehrig, B. F.<br />
+Rowe, F. E.<br />
+Russell, Geo.<br />
+Sackett, Harry<br />
+Sands, H. Hayden (Ae. C. F. 70)<br />
+Schafer, G. E.<br />
+Schmidt, G. S.<br />
+Schneider, Fred, P.<br />
+Schulz, G. C.<br />
+Schwartz, A.<br />
+Schwister, John<br />
+Scott, Miss B.<br />
+Seeman, J. R.<br />
+Seignor, H. A.<br />
+Seligman, J. (64)<br />
+Seymour, Joseph<br />
+Sellers, M. B.<br />
+Shelton, T.<br />
+Sherwood, Oliver, B.<br />
+Shneider, Fred.<br />
+Shoemaker, Chas. W. (93)<br />
+Sill, F.<br />
+Simmonds, O. G. (145)<br />
+Skinner, S. R.<br />
+Slaik, E.<br />
+Slavin, J. J.<br />
+Smith, A.<br />
+Smith, Kyle<br />
+Smith, R. M.<br />
+Sommerville, W. E.<br />
+Soreusen, Prof.<br />
+Sparling, J. N.<br />
+Steitz, F. M. (88)<br />
+Stewart, J. G.<br />
+Stone, A. (Ae. C. F. 15)<br />
+Summer, Gill.<br />
+Suppe,<br />
+Talmage, M. P.<br />
+Takisow,<br />
+Tarbox, J.<br />
+Thomas, W. T.<br />
+Thomas, O. W.<br />
+Thompson, George<br />
+Tickell, Sam<br />
+Timothy, S. R.<br />
+Troxey<br />
+Turpin, J. C. (22)<br />
+Tuttle, T. T.<br />
+Vanderbilt, W. K.<br />
+Vaughan, Stanley<br />
+Vogt, Jesse S.<br />
+Walden, Dr. H. W. (74)<br />
+Walker, Clarence<br />
+Ward, J. J. (52)<br />
+Warner, A. P.<br />
+Webster, C. L. (69)<br />
+Weeks, F. W.<br />
+Wells, G.<br />
+Wetzig, H. H.<br />
+Weymann, Charles (14)<br />
+Wilcox<br />
+Wildman, Dock<br />
+Willard, C. F. (10)<br />
+Williams, Beryl (71)<br />
+Williams, B. J.<br />
+Willoughby, Capt. Hugh L.<br />
+Wilson, Edward<br />
+Wiseman, Fred. E.<br />
+Witmer, C. C. (53)<br />
+Worden, John H. (76)<br />
+Wright, Orville (4) (Ae. C. F. 14)<br />
+Wright, Wilbur (5) (Ae. C. F. 15)<br />
+Young, C. M.<br />
+Yan, J.<br />
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<p>The following American
+aviators have been
+killed:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="bbox" style="width: 10em; padding: 1em;">
+1908.<br />
+Selfridge, Lt. (Army)<br />
+<br />
+1910.<br />
+Johnstone, R. (20)<br />
+Moisant, J. B. (13)<br />
+<br />
+1911.<br />
+Badger, Wm. R. (36)<br />
+Castellane, Tony<br />
+Clark, C. B., Dr.<br />
+Dixon, Cromwell (43)<br />
+Ely, Eugene<br />
+Frisbie, J. J. (24)<br />
+Hoxsey, Arch. (21)<br />
+Johnston, St. Croix<br />
+Kelly, Lieut. (Army)<br />
+Kreamer, Dan. A.<br />
+Miller, F. H.<br />
+Oxley<br />
+Penot, Marcel<br />
+Purvis, Wm. G.<br />
+Rosenbaum, Louis<br />
+Schriver, Tod (9)<br />
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 206 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_206" id="Page_206">[Pg 206]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3><b>U.S.A. PRIVATE AVIATORS. (Brevets, 1912.)</b></h3>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Aldasoro, J. P. (217)<br />
+Aldasaro, E. A. (218)<br />
+Andrews, W. D. (124)<br />
+Arnold, G. (198)<br />
+Barlow, F. E. (139)<br />
+Beckwith, S. F. (137)<br />
+Beech, A. C. (168)<br />
+Belcher, O. T. (158)<br />
+Bell, Dr. F. J. (196)<br />
+Bell, G. E. (201)<br />
+Bergdoll, G. C. (169)<br />
+Berlin, C. A. (109)<br />
+Bleakley, W. H. (206)<br />
+Bouldin, W. (157)<br />
+Boysdorfer, C. (193)<br />
+Brown, R. M. (185)<br />
+Bryant, G. M. (208)<br />
+Burnside, F. H. (212)<br />
+Carlstrom, O. G. (145)<br />
+Colovon, P. (160)<br />
+Crossley, S. J. (187)<br />
+Dalwigk, G. B. (190)<br />
+De Hart, D. C. (129)<br />
+Eaton, W. S. (128)<br />
+Edelman, D. (191)<br />
+Elliott, R. (178)<br />
+Figyelmessy, H. (203)<br />
+Fritts, E. V. (213)<br />
+Gilpatric, J. G. (171)<br />
+Gray, G. A. (142)<br />
+Gray, J. F. (150)<br />
+Gunn, T. (131)<br />
+Hattemer, H. L. (147)<br />
+Hemstraught, W. H. (146)<br />
+Hetlick, W. A., jr. (197)<br />
+Hild, F. C. (216)<br />
+Hunt, E. N. (163)<br />
+Holmes, H. (204)<br />
+Johnson, R. R. (205)<br />
+Kabitzke, W. (126)<br />
+Kammski, J. G. (121)<br />
+Kemper, F. W. (119)<br />
+Klockler, J. G. (125)<br />
+Korn, E. (171)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+Lamkey, W. A. (183)<br />
+Law, R. B. (188)<br />
+Maroney, T. T. (106)<br />
+Masson, D. (202)<br />
+McMillen, R. E. (111)<br />
+Meyer, C. (176)<br />
+Miller, B. A. (173)<br />
+Niles, C. F. (181)<br />
+Park, H. (113)<br />
+Peoli, C. (141)<br />
+Piceller, W. (116)<br />
+Prodgers, C. B. (159)<br />
+Reid, M. E. (114)<br />
+Reid, P. H. (179)<br />
+Remer, L. H., de (115)<br />
+Richardson, R. H. C. (174)<br />
+Robinson, R. W. C. (162)<br />
+Ruiz, H. (182)<br />
+Russell, R. B. (132)<br />
+Salinas, A. (170)<br />
+Salinas, G. (172)<br />
+Schaeffer, J. S. (177)<br />
+Scholovinck, E. (195)<br />
+Schuman, F. J. (143)<br />
+Singh, M. M. (123)<br />
+Sjolander, C. T. (138)<br />
+Smith, J. F. (207)<br />
+Spaulding, J. D. (107)<br />
+Stark, W. M. (110)<br />
+Stinson, K. (148)<br />
+Sverkerson, J. S. (180)<br />
+Tait, G. M. (184)<br />
+Takeiski, K. (122)<br />
+Terrill, F. J. (108)<br />
+Thomson, C. (112)<br />
+Thompson, De L. (134)<br />
+Twombly, W. I. (149)<br />
+Vought, C. M. (156)<br />
+Waite, H. R. (186)<br />
+Weeks, E. O. (214)<br />
+Weiner, T. (167)<br />
+Wiggins, C. L. (175)<br />
+Wood, C. M. (209)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist">
+<h4>U.S. Aviators killed:<br/>
+<i>Continued.</i></h4>
+
+<div class="bbox" style="width: 10em; padding: 1em;">
+In <b>1912.</b><br />
+<br />
+Blair, R.<br />
+Chambers, W. B.<br />
+Clarke, J. (133)<br />
+Gill, H. W. (31)<br />
+Hazelhurst, Lieut.<br />
+Kearney, H. F. (83)<br />
+Kondo, M. (120)<br />
+Lawrence, C.<br />
+Longstaffe, J. L.<br />
+Mitchell, L. (51)<br />
+Page, R. (96)<br />
+Parmelee (25)<br />
+Peck, P. (57)<br />
+Quimby, Miss H. (37)<br />
+Rodgers, C. P. (49)<br />
+Rockwell, Lt. L. C. (165)<br />
+Scott, Corp. F.<br />
+Southard, F. J.<br />
+Stevenson, J.<br />
+Turner, H.<br />
+Underwood, G.<br />
+Walsh, C. F.<br />
+Welsh, A. L. (23)<br />
+<br />
+In <b>1913.</b><br />
+<br />
+Boland, F. E.<br />
+Chandler, Lieut. R.<br />
+Park, Lieut. T. D. (223)<br />
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 207 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_207" id="Page_207">[Pg 207]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="USA_AEROPLANES" id="USA_AEROPLANES"></a><b>U.S.A. AEROPLANES.</b></h2>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>A</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>AERIAL EXHIBITION Co. (Biplane)</i></b>,</h4>
+
+<p>1777, Broadway, New York. Built a
+<i>Curtiss</i> type with Kirkham motor, 1911. 2 skids, with wheel between, and usual <i>Farman</i> rubber
+shock absorbers.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>AERIAL YACHT CO.</i></b>,</h4>
+
+<p>San Francisco. Inc. 1913. Capital, $25,000.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>AERONAUTICAL SUPPLY CO.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>See <i>Cordeaux-Etter</i>.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>AMERICAN AEROPLANE SUPPLY HOUSE (Monoplane)</i></b>,</h4>
+
+<p>266, Main Street, Hempstead, N.Y. Builders of monoplanes after the <i>Bleriot</i> type. Half-a-dozen
+machines were built and sold during 1911. Fitted with Gnomes or American engines.<!-- Page 208 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_208" id="Page_208">[Pg 208]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>B</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>BALDWIN Biplanes.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Captain Thos. S. Baldwin, PO Box, 78, Madison Square, N.Y.
+About half-a-dozen steel biplanes have been produced in 1911 by Captain Baldwin, and he and other
+aviators, Badger, Hammond, Miss Scott Mass, etc., have flown these at various exhibitions and meets,
+and are classed with well-known successful American biplanes.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_225a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Photo, Edwin Levick, N.Y." title="Photo, Edwin Levick, N.Y." />
+<div class="left"><i>Photo, Edwin Levick, N.Y.</i></div>
+</div>
+
+<p>Details of <i>Baldwin</i> ("Red Devil").</p>
+
+<p><b>Length.</b>&mdash;28&frac14; feet (8.60 m.) <b>Span.</b>&mdash;28&frac34; feet (8.75 m.) <b>Motor.</b>&mdash;50-60 h.p. Hall-Scott <b>Propeller.</b>&mdash;One
+Requa-Gibson in rear of main planes. Diameter, 7 feet (2.13 m.) Pitch, 6 feet (1.82 m.) <b>Speed.</b>&mdash;60
+m.p.h. (97 k.p.h.)</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_225b.jpg" width="100%" alt="BALDWIN. RED DEVIL. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="BALDWIN. RED DEVIL. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">BALDWIN. RED DEVIL. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 209 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_209" id="Page_209">[Pg 209]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>BENOIST.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Benoist Aircraft Co., 6628, Delmar Boulevard, St. Louis, Mo. (formerly Aeronautic
+Supply Co.)</p>
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="BENOIST">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"> Model and date.</th><th> <b>1912-13.</b> "Headless."</th><th> <b>1913.</b> Flying boat. Tandem biplane.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 22-1/2 (<i>6.85</i>)</td><td> 27</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 30 (<i>9.15</i>)</td><td> 42-1/6 (<i>12.80</i>)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l"> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l"> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> 1004 (<i>455</i>)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> ...</td><td> 75 Roberts</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l"> max. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 68 (<i>110</i>)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> min. m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 31 (<i>50</i>)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Endurance</b></td><td class="l"> hrs.</td><td> 3</td><td></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Notes.</i>&mdash;The boat of the flying boat is 23-5/6 feet long, by 2 feet 2&frac12; inches wide. Shipable wheels. See
+<i>Aeronautics</i>, January, 1913.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_226a.jpg" width="100%" alt="BENOIST. Flying boat. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="BENOIST. Flying boat. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">BENOIST. Flying boat. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>BOLAND.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Boland Aeroplane &amp; Motor Co., 1821, Broadway, New York. Works: Ft. Center St.
+Newark, N.J.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/ill_226b.jpg" width="100%" alt="BOLAND." title="BOLAND." /></div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="BOLAND">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"> Model and date.</th><th> <b>1913.</b> "Tailless."</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 21-1/6 (6.45)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 35-1/2 (10.80)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l"> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l"> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 900 (408)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> 60 Boland</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l"> m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 60 (95)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 1</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>A refinement of the original machine of the late F. E. Boland, which first flew in 1911. <i>Control</i> by
+two special jibs which work inward. Designed to be used also as a hydro, with three step floats. No
+rudder or ailerons. Full details, etc., see <i>Aeronautics</i>, U.S.A., May, 1913, and <i>Aircraft</i>, U.S.A., May, 1913.<!-- Page 210 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_210" id="Page_210">[Pg 210]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<p><b><i>BURGESS.</i></b> Burgess Co. &amp; Curtis, Marblehead, Mass. Built <i>Wright</i> types under license, also
+machines of their own.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="BURGESS">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"> Model and date.</th><th> Military tractor. <b>1912-13.</b></th><th> Coast defence hydro. <b>1913.</b></th><th> Naval flying boat. <b>1913.</b></th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="r"> feet (m.)</td><td> 37-3/4 (8.50)</td><td> 33-1/3 (9.55)</td><td> 31 (9.45)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="r"> feet (m.)</td><td> 34-1/2 (10.50)</td><td> 37-3/4 (12)</td><td> 43 (13.10)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="r"></td><td></td><td></td><td> 36 (10.97)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="r"> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 397 (37)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="r"> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="r">useful&nbsp;lbs.&nbsp;(kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> 775 (352)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="r"> h.p.</td><td> 70 Renault</td><td> 60 Sturtevant <i>muffled</i></td><td> 70 Renault</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="r"> m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> 45 (70)</td><td> 59 (95)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Endurance</b></td><td class="r"> hrs.</td><td> 4-1/2</td><td> 4-1/2</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r bb" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td class="bb"> ...</td><td class="bb"> ...</td><td class="bb"> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2"><i>Remarks.</i>--</td><td> Lumina fabric. Single screw. Details, <i>Aeronautics</i>, (U.S.A.), May-June, 1912.</td><td> Special clear view for observation. 2--1 step mahogany and copper floats. Useful weight includes floats. Details, <i>Aeronautics</i>, (U.S.A.), Feb., 1913.</td><td> Boat 29-1/2 feet long. 2--2 step floats. Petrol, 48 gallons. Details, <i>Aeronautics</i>, (U.S.A.), May, 1913.</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_227a.jpg" width="100%" alt='Burgess-Wright.' title='Burgess-Wright.' />
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Burgess-Wright.</span></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_227b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Burgess-Wright as a hydro (the U.S. Navy has two of these)." title="Burgess-Wright as a hydro (the U.S. Navy has two of these)."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Burgess-Wright</span> as a hydro (the U.S. Navy has two of these).</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 211 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_211" id="Page_211">[Pg 211]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_228a.jpg" width="100%" alt='Military tractor. By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A. Uniform Aeroplane Scale' title='Military tractor. By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A. Uniform Aeroplane Scale' />
+<div class="left">Military tractor. <i>By favour of "Aeronautics," U.S.A.</i> Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_228b.jpg" width="100%" alt='"Coast defense" hydro. From "Aeronautics."' title='"Coast defense" hydro. From "Aeronautics."' />
+<div class="left">"Coast defense" hydro. <i>From "Aeronautics."</i></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_228c.jpg" width="100%" alt="Burgess-Curtis. 1913 Naval flying boat." title="Burgess-Curtis. 1913 Naval flying boat."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Burgess-Curtis.</span> 1913 Naval flying boat.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 212 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_212" id="Page_212">[Pg 212]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>C</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>CHRISTMAS.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Durham Christmas Aeroplane Sales &amp; Exhibition Corporation, Inc. 1913.
+Capital: $10,000 to $50,000. Claims for it are that it is "automatically balanced." This is attained
+by the shape of the machine, not through the agency of any auxiliary apparatus.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/ill_229a.jpg" width="100%" alt="CHRISTMAS." title="CHRISTMAS." /></div>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>CORDEAUX-ETTER.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Cordeaux-Etter Mfg. Corporation, Brooklyn, N.Y. Capital: $10,000.
+Took over, 1913, the Aeronautical Supply Co., of N.Y.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b>COOKE.</b></h4>
+
+<p>Weldon B. Cooke Aeroplane Co., Sandusky, Ohio. Founded 1913 by the well-known
+aviator, W. B. Cooke.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/ill_229b.jpg" width="100%" alt="COOKE." title="COOKE." /></div>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"> Model and date.</th><th> <b>1913.</b></th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 25 (7.60)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 24 (7.30)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l"> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 240 (22)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l"> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 750 (340)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.{</td><td>75 Roberts 2 cycle <i>upside down</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l"> m.p.h. (km.)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> new firm</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>Details, <i>Aeronautics</i>, U.S.A., February, 1913.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_229c.jpg" width="100%" alt="COOKE. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="COOKE. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">COOKE. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 213 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_213" id="Page_213">[Pg 213]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>CURTISS.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Curtiss Aeroplane Co., Hammondsport, N.Y. Glenn H. Curtiss in 1907 and 1908
+was a member of the Aerial Experiment Association, formed by Dr. and Mrs. Alexander Graham Bell.
+This Association built four machines, each along the lines of one of the four engineers belong to the
+Association, F. W. Baldwin, Lieut. T. E. Selfridge, G. H. Curtiss and J. A. D. McCurdy. The last
+built was the <i>June Bug</i>, designed by Curtiss and was the most successful. In the spring of 1908,
+the Association was disbanded and The Aeronautical Society gave Curtiss an order for an aeroplane
+with <i>carte blanche</i> as to design. He produced a 4 cyl. machine, Curtiss engine, and flew it. A
+duplicate was hurriedly built, 8 cyl. engine installed, and taken to Europe for the first Gordon Bennett,
+which he won. Returning, the same type was continued with minor improvements. Later the front
+elevator was brought closer in, finally discarded, and the fan tail adopted and this remains the
+standard land machine to-day. In April, a military tractor was built and flown.</p>
+
+<p>On January 26th, 1911, first successful flights were made with a hydroaeroplane, at the Winter
+camp at San Diego, Calif. This had two floats tandem. One was finally adopted and great success
+was achieved, and remains standard at the present time. With this machine various experiments were
+made. It was altered in a tractor for one occasion, it was lifted on board warships; made into
+triplane, etc.</p>
+
+<p>In 1912 he brought out his present type of flying boat. This is being rapidly developed and minor
+changes in details are made in practically every machine put out.</p>
+
+<p>In May, 1913, he produced a special 4-passenger flying boat for a customer on special order.</p>
+
+<p><i>Note.</i>&mdash;In addition to those tabulated, special small racing machines have been built, as well as similar
+machines with extra sections simply added either side for Army use.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="CURTISS">
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Model and date.</td><td> <b>Type D.</b> <b>1913.</b></td><td> <b>Type E.</b> <b>1913.</b></td><td> <b>Type F.</b> <b>1913.</b></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 26-2/3 (8.10)</td><td> 27-1/3 (8.33)</td><td> 27-1/3 (8.33)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 26-1/4 (8)</td><td> 31-1/4 (9.50)</td><td> 38-1/3 (11.70)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Overall</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 33-1/12 (10)</td><td> 36-1/4 (11)</td><td> 41-2/3 (12.70)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l"> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 214 (19-1/2)</td><td> 288 (26-1/4)</td><td> 421-1/2 (39)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l"> total lbs. (kgs)</td><td> ...</td><td> 1700 (771)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l">useful&nbsp;lbs.&nbsp;(kgs)</td><td> ...</td><td> 500 (227)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> Curtiss</td><td> 80 Curtiss</td><td> Curtiss</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r bb"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l bb"> m.p.h. (km.)</td><td class="bb"> ...</td><td class="bb"> 59 (95)</td><td class="bb"> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2"><i>Remarks.</i>--</td><td> Land service, but is also made fitted with floats. Panels.</td><td> Fitted either with wheels, pontons, or boat. <i>Vilas boat.</i> Boat 24 ft. long. Beam 54-1/2 ft. long. Height 41 ins. long. Cockpit 3 ft. long by 4 ft. 2 ins. wide.</td><td>Used to date only as military tractor or heavy flying boat. <i>McCormick boat.</i> Boat 25 ft. long 4 ft. wide. Freeboard 46 ins. Cockpit 84 ins. long by 46 ins. wide. Length of tail, incl. elevator 12 feet.</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>For full details of the tractor (F) see <i>Aeronautics</i>, U.S.A., February, 1913.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_230a.jpg" width="100%" alt="1913 Tractor. Type F." title="1913 Tractor. Type F." />
+<div class="left">1913 Tractor. Type F.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_230b.jpg" width="100%" alt='1912 flying boat. By favor of "Aeronautics," U.S.A.' title='1912 flying boat. By favor of "Aeronautics," U.S.A.' />
+<div class="left">1912 flying boat. <i>By favor of "Aeronautics," U.S.A.</i></div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 214 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_214" id="Page_214">[Pg 214]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_231a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Curtiss. 1913 flying boat. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="Curtiss. 1913 flying boat. Uniform Aeroplane Scale"/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Curtiss.</span> 1913 flying boat. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>G</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>GALLAUDET.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Gallaudet Eng. Co., Norwich Ct.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/ill_231b.jpg" width="100%" alt="GALLAUDET." title="GALLAUDET." /></div>
+
+<p>In 1912 produced a special racer as above. <b>Span</b>, 32 feet (9.75 m.) <b>Area</b>, 200 sq. feet (18&frac12; m&sup2;.)
+<b>Speed</b>, 100 m.p.h. (160 k.p.h.) <b>Motor</b>, 100 Gnome.<!-- Page 215 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_215" id="Page_215">[Pg 215]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>K</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>KIRKHAM Biplanes.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Chas. B. Kirkham, Motor Manufacturers, Savona, N.Y. Began to
+manufacture aeroplanes in 1912, after previous experiments and flights near his factory.</p>
+
+<p><b>Length</b>,    feet (m.) <b>span</b>, 34 feet (10.40 m.) <b>surface</b>,     sq. feet} (m&sup2;.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Weight.</b>&mdash;Complete, <i>without pilot</i>, 980 lbs. (445 kgs.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Motor.</b>&mdash;50 h.p. Kirkham, located in front under bonnet. 70 h.p. also fitted.</p>
+
+<p><b>Speed.</b>&mdash;56-62 m.p.h. (90-100 k.p.h.)</p>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i>&mdash;Rises easily at under 35 m.p.h., and has a full speed radius of 5&frac12; hours. Full details in
+<i>Aeronautics</i>, U.S.A., January, 1912. 1913, no changes.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/ill_232a.jpg" width="100%" alt="KIRKHAM Biplanes." title="KIRKHAM Biplanes." /></div>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>L-S</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>LOENING.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Monoplane aero boat, with one very deep step. See <i>Aeronautics</i>, U.S.A., May-June,
+1912.</p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>SELLERS. Quadruplane.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Matthew B. Sellers, R.F., D2, Norwood, Ga. Has been
+successfully experimenting for a number of years with a staggered quadruplane, and has given the
+aviation world a number of valuable papers. His aim is to fly successfully with the least possible
+horse power. For several years he has been making flights with various engines delivering
+from 5 to 6 h.p. on careful test. The actual thrust has been measured and recorded in late 1911
+experiments. Details in <i>Aeronautics</i>, June, 1909; October, 1909; November, 1910; January, 1911;
+January, 1912. No actual details of the machine are available, but it follows closely the patent
+drawings (see references). He is one of the few real scientific flying men in the U.S.A. The original
+machine with slight changes was still flying at end of 1912 with only 5 h.p. B.H.P. The flying speed
+is 20 m.p.h.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/ill_232b.jpg" width="100%" alt="SELLERS. Quadruplane." title="SELLERS. Quadruplane." /></div>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>SLOANE.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Sloane Aeroplane Co., 1733, Broadway, New York. Established 1911. Agents for
+<i>Caudrons</i> and <i>Deperdussins</i>. Run a school for these.<!-- Page 216 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_216" id="Page_216">[Pg 216]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>T-V</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>THOMAS Biplanes.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Thomas Bros., Bath, N.Y., O.W., and W.T. Thomas began
+experimenting and flying in 1908 with a machine on the order of a <i>Curtiss</i>. In the winter of 1909-10,
+a type of their own was produced and was flown during 1911 by Walter Johnson in exhibitions. In
+1912 they continued the same type, with refinements. In 1913 they adopted the overhanging top plane
+type, but of the same general high order of construction.</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"> Model and date.</th><th> <b>1912.</b> Tractor biplane.</th><th> <b>1913.</b> Monoplane.</th><th> <b>1913.</b> Standard biplane.</th><th> <b>1913.</b> Special biplane.</th><th> <b>1913.</b> Flying boat.</th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> ft.(m.)</td><td> ...</td><td> 30 (9.15)</td><td> ...</td><td> 25 (7.62)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l"> ft.(m.)</td><td> 37 (11.27)</td><td> 32 (9.75)</td><td> 37 (11.27)</td><td> 33 (10)</td><td> 33 (10)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"></td><td> 27 (8.23)</td><td> ...</td><td> 27 (8.23)</td><td> 23 (7)</td><td> 23 (7)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l"> sq. ft.(m�.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l"> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 900 (408)</td><td> 750 (340)</td><td> 900 (408)</td><td> 850 (385)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> 400 (181)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> 65 Kirkham</td><td> 70 Kirkham <i>muffled</i></td><td> 65 Kirkham</td><td> 65 Kirkham</td><td> 100 Maximotor</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l"> m.p.h.(km)</td><td> 58 (94)</td><td> ...</td><td> 58 (94)</td><td> 60 (97)</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Endurance</b></td><td class="l"> hrs.</td><td> 2</td><td> ...</td><td> 2</td><td> 2-1/4</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2">Number built during 1912</td><td> 1</td><td> <i>building</i></td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> <i>building</i></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><i>Remarks.</i> Control in all: Ailerons, 4 rudders. Elevator operated by rocking post on which wheel is
+mounted. The 1912 tractor was given up as less efficient than the Standard 1913. Special: full
+description <i>Aeronautics</i>, U.S.A., May, 1913.</p>
+
+<p>The move was evolved 1912, but not built till well into 1913.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_233.jpg" width="100%" alt="1913 Standard biplane. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="1913 Standard biplane. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">1913 Standard biplane. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 217 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_217" id="Page_217">[Pg 217]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3><b>W</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>WASHINGTON.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Washington Aeroplane Co., Washington, D.C. In 1913 built a flying boat
+to private order. <b>Length</b>, 29 feet (8.83 m.) <b>Maximum span</b>, 38 feet (11.85 m.) <b>Motor</b>, 80 h.p.
+Gyro. Boat with eight compartments and one 3 inch step.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_234a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Miss Columbia. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="Miss Columbia. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" />
+<div class="left">Miss Columbia. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_234b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Latest Thomas." title="Latest Thomas." />
+<div class="left">Latest <span class="smcap">Thomas</span>.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>WITTEMAN.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>Witteman Bros., 17, Ocean Terrace and Little Clare Road, Staton Island, N.Y.
+These people do a considerable business building Curtiss type machines or machines to special
+designs for others. They built the <i>Baldwin</i> biplanes for Captain Baldwin, to his design, using steel
+tubing throughout. See <i>Aeronautics</i>, December, 1911, for a <i>Witteman</i> of special design shown by
+them at the Aero Show.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_234c.jpg" width="100%" alt="Witteman. 1912-13." title="Witteman. 1912-13."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Witteman.</span> 1912-13.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 218 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_218" id="Page_218">[Pg 218]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>WRIGHT BROS. Biplanes.</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>The Wright Co., Dayton, Ohio. The original type of
+<i>Wright</i> machine was mounted on skids only, and started along a rail. Its special features were a
+biplane elevator forward, main planes with warpable tips to trailing edge, small keel in gap, 2
+propellers, chain driven in rear of planes, double rudder in rear and no tail. Wilbur Wright flew a
+machine of this type for 2 h. 20 m. 23&frac12; s. in 1908. (Details of early <i>Wrights</i> see previous editions of
+this book.)</p>
+
+
+<table class="box" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="">
+<tr><th class="r" colspan="2"> Model and date.</th><th> <b>B.</b></th><th> <b>C.</b></th><th> <b>EX.</b></th><th> <b>E.</b></th></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Length</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 31 (9.45)</td><td> 29-3/4 (9)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Span</b></td><td class="l"> feet (m.)</td><td> 39 (11.90)</td><td> 38 (11.58)</td><td> 32 (9.75)</td><td> 32 (9.75)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Area</b></td><td class="l"> sq. feet (m�.)</td><td> 500 (47)</td><td> 500 (47)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Weight</b></td><td class="l"> total lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> 1250 (567)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"></td><td class="l"> useful lbs. (kgs.)</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td><td> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r"><b>Motor</b></td><td class="l"> h.p.</td><td> 30-35 Wright</td><td> 30-35 Wright</td><td> 30 or 50 Wright</td><td> 30 or 50 Wright</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r bb"><b>Speed</b></td><td class="l bb"> m.p.h. (km.)</td><td class="bb"> 45 (75)</td><td class="bb"> 45 (75)</td><td class="bb"> ...</td><td class="bb"> ...</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="r" colspan="2"></td><td></td><td> 1913 standard. This machine as a hydro is fitted with two 3 step floats. Mea magneto.</td><td> For exhibition work only. Single seater small duplicate of B.</td><td> 1913 for exhibition work only. Single seater duplicate of EX except fitted with a single propeller only.</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><!-- Page 219 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_219" id="Page_219">[Pg 219]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_236a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Wright. Model B. Uniform Aeroplane Scale" title="Wright. Model B. Uniform Aeroplane Scale"/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Wright.</span> Model B. Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_236b.jpg" width="100%" alt='Wright. Model C. From "Aeronautics," U.S.A. Uniform Aeroplane Scale' title='Wright. Model C. From "Aeronautics," U.S.A. Uniform Aeroplane Scale'/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Wright.</span> Model C. <i>From "Aeronautics," U.S.A.</i> Uniform Aeroplane Scale</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 220 --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_220" id="Page_220">[Pg 220]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="USA_DIRIGIBLES" id="USA_DIRIGIBLES"></a><b>U.S.A. DIRIGIBLES.</b></h2>
+
+
+<p>There are a few small dirigibles in the U.S.A., but they are in no way to be compared to French and German productions. Up-to-date,
+they have only been used as attractions at fairs about the country. In the past several larger ones of poor design have been built and found failures.</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>Military.</b></h3>
+
+
+<h4><b><i>BALDWIN</i></b></h4>
+
+<p>(1908) 20,000 c. feet (560 m&sup3;)<!-- Page 1b --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_1b" id="Page_1b">[Pg 1b]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2 class="right"><a name="Part_B" id="Part_B"></a><b><span class="smcap u">Part B.</span></b></h2>
+
+<h2><b>HISTORICAL AIRCRAFT.</b></h2>
+
+
+<p>In the following pages an attempt has been made to include photographs
+of all aeroplanes of the past six years, which, for one reason or another, "made
+history" in their own day.</p>
+
+<p>While many are merely freak machines, which in the light of present
+knowledge seem ridiculous, the germ of modern practice is to be found in
+many other aircraft illustrated in this cemetery of dead ideals; and it is worth
+noting that at least one constructor, who is one of the first in the field to-day,
+commenced operations with machines which were entirely "freaks."<!-- Page 2b --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_2b" id="Page_2b">[Pg 2b]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3><b>AUSTRIAN.</b></h3>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_239a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Etrich (q.v.)." title="Etrich (q.v.)." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>WELS &amp; ETRICH</i></b> (1908). Original form of the modern <i>Etrich</i> (q.v.).</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_239b.jpg" width="100%" alt="HIPSSICH (1908). Tandem mono. with one propeller before and another in rear of rear plane." title="HIPSSICH (1908). Tandem mono. with one propeller before and another in rear of rear plane." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>HIPSSICH</i></b> (1908). Tandem mono. with one propeller before and another in rear of rear plane.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_239c.jpg" width="100%" alt='NEMETHY (1908). The first "Aviette."' title='NEMETHY (1908). The first "Aviette."' />
+<div class="left"><b><i>NEMETHY</i></b> (1908). The first "Aviette."</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_239c.jpg" width="100%" alt="SOLTAU (1910)." title="SOLTAU (1910)." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>SOLTAU</i></b> (1910). An ornithopter based on the earlier ideas of <i>Adehmar de la Hault</i> (see <span class="smcap">Belgium</span>).</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 3b --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_3b" id="Page_3b">[Pg 3b]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3><b>BELGIAN.</b></h3>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_240a.jpg" width="100%" alt="DE LA HAULT (1907)" title="DE LA HAULT (1907)" />
+<div class="left"><b><i>DE LA HAULT</i></b> (1907). One of the earliest attempts at an ornithopter. No flights.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_240b.jpg" width="100%" alt="DE LA HAULT II." title="DE LA HAULT II."/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>DE LA HAULT II.</i></b> (1910-11). The ornithopter principle applied to a monoplane. No
+success met with.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_240c.jpg" width="100%" alt="D'HESPEL" title="D'HESPEL"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>D'HESPEL</i></b> (1909-10). Single plane and suspended body. Early example of enclosed body.
+No flights.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<h3><b>BRAZIL.</b></h3>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_240d.jpg" width="100%" alt="SANTOS-DUMONT XIX" title="SANTOS-DUMONT XIX"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>SANTOS-DUMONT XIX.</i></b> This little machine, surface only 9 m&sup2;. made an extraordinary
+sensation in France in 1909. It flew at the then incredible speed of 65 m.p.h. (100 k.p.h.) Santos-Dumont
+presented all rights to the world soon afterwards, and a large number were built before it
+was realised that only an extremely light weight pilot could fly in one. Few of the copies ever left
+the ground.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 4b --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_4b" id="Page_4b">[Pg 4b]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3><b>BRITISH.</b></h3>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_241a.jpg" width="100%" alt="AVRO" title="AVRO"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>AVRO</i></b> (1906). This 24 h.p. biplane, designed by A. V. Roe, was the first British machine to leave
+the ground.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_241b.jpg" width="100%" alt="AVRO" title="AVRO"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>AVRO</i></b> (1907). Tractor triplane of only 9 h.p. This flew in Lea Marshes&mdash;the lowest horse power
+yet flown in Europe to the present day.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_241c.jpg" width="100%" alt="CODY" title="CODY"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>CODY</i></b> (1909). Development of a much earlier machine. This one was a general laughing stock for
+a long time; but it was the direct predecessor of the machine (not very materially different) which
+was an easy first in the British Army aeroplane trials, 1912.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_241d.jpg" width="100%" alt="DE HAVILLAND" title="DE HAVILLAND"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>DE HAVILLAND</i></b> (1909). The performances of this machine secured a Government
+appointment for its aviator-designer.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 5b --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_5b" id="Page_5b">[Pg 5b]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_242a.jpg" width="100%" alt="HOWARD WRIGHT" title="HOWARD WRIGHT"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>HOWARD WRIGHT</i></b> (1908-09). The first machine in the world in which special attention
+was paid to securing a stream line body and minimised wind resistance.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_242b.jpg" width="100%" alt="HUMPHREY" title="HUMPHREY"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>HUMPHREY</i></b> (1908-09). Earliest British attempt at a hydro-aeroplane; possibly the earliest
+design ever produced anywhere.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_242c.jpg" width="100%" alt="HUNTINGDON (DUNNE II)" title="HUNTINGDON (DUNNE II)"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>HUNTINGDON (DUNNE II)</i></b> (1910). One of the earliest aeroplanes in existence&mdash;designed
+by Captain Dunne about 1905-06, previous to the secret experiments of the British War
+Office in Scotland, on the Duke of Atholl's estate. Assigned to Prof. Huntingdon in 1910. Made a
+few short flights.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_242d.jpg" width="100%" alt="PORTE" title="PORTE"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>PORTE</i></b> (1908). Designed by Lieut. Porte, R.N., in conjunction with Lieut. Pirrie, R.N. This
+machine, on which the former well known aviator commenced his flying career, was smashed up in
+preliminary trials as a glider on Portsdown Hill, Portsmouth. Its design apparently preceded the
+<i>Goupy</i> in the use of staggered planes.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 6b --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_6b" id="Page_6b">[Pg 6b]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_243a.jpg" width="100%" alt='"SAFETY" (1909-10).' title='"SAFETY" (1909-10).' />
+<div class="left"><b><i>"SAFETY"</i></b> (1909-10).</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_243b.jpg" width="100%" alt="SEDDON. (1910). Designed by Lieut. Seddon, R.N." title="SEDDON. (1910). Designed by Lieut. Seddon, R.N." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>SEDDON.</i></b> (1910). Designed by Lieut. Seddon, R.N.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_243c.jpg" width="100%" alt="SHORT" title="SHORT"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>SHORT</i></b> (1910). The first machine to Short's own design. (The tail here shown is a specially large
+one fitted by Moore-Brabazon).</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_243d.jpg" width="100%" alt="VALKYRIE" title="VALKYRIE"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>VALKYRIE</i></b> (1910). This was one of the first "tail first" machines to be designed. The
+experimental machine (also known as the <i>A.S.L.</i>), was completed in Feb., 1910.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 7b --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_7b" id="Page_7b">[Pg 7b]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3><b>DANISH.</b></h3>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_244a.jpg" width="100%" alt="ELLEHAMMER" title="ELLEHAMMER"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>ELLEHAMMER</i></b> (1905). On 12th September, 1906, this machine made the first free flight in
+Europe. On 28th June, 1908, it won the prize at Kiel for the first flight in Germany (distance, 47 m.)
+It was a tractor biplane with a revolving Ellehammer motor. It also had a pendulum seat as a
+stabilising device.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<h3><b>FRENCH.</b></h3>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_244b.jpg" width="100%" alt="ANTOINETTE IV" title="ANTOINETTE IV"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>ANTOINETTE IV</i></b> (1909). In this machine Latham made the first attempt to fly the Channel,
+19th July, 1909.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_244c.jpg" width="100%" alt="BLERIOT IV (1907-8)." title="BLERIOT IV (1907-8)." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>BLERIOT IV</i></b> (1907-8).</div>
+</div>
+
+<p>In 1909 the famous <i>Bleriot XI</i> was built. This did very well at Reims, 1909. On 25th July, 1909,
+Bleriot made the first Cross-Channel flight in the machine illustrated below.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_244d.jpg" width="100%" alt="Bleriot XI." title="Bleriot XI."/>
+<div class="left"><span class="smcap">Bleriot</span> XI.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p>This machine had <b>length</b>, 23 feet (7 m.) <b>Span</b>, 25&frac34; feet (7.80 m.) <b>Area</b>, 167 sq. feet (15&frac12; m&sup2;.)
+Aspect ratio 4&frac12; to 1. <b>Motor</b>, 22-25, 3 cylinder Anzani. <b>Speed</b>, <i>about</i> 45 m.p.h. (73 k.m.) <i>Special
+features</i>: Fixed wings with rounded edges. Twin elevator and fixed surface tail.</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 8b --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_8b" id="Page_8b">[Pg 8b]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_245a.jpg" width="100%" alt="BOUSSON-BORGNIS (1907-08)." title="BOUSSON-BORGNIS (1907-08)." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>BOUSSON-BORGNIS</i></b> (1907-08).</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_245b.jpg" width="100%" alt="BREGUET" title="BREGUET"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>BREGUET</i></b> (1906). The first Breguet, known as <i>Breguet Gyroplane I</i>. Made a flight in October,
+1906, being the first helicopter to leave the ground.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_245c.jpg" width="100%" alt="BREGUET-RICHET II bis." title="BREGUET-RICHET II bis."/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>BREGUET-RICHET II bis.</i></b> (1909). A large and unsuccessful development of the
+gyroplane.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_245d.jpg" width="100%" alt="BREGUET IV" title="BREGUET IV"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>BREGUET IV</i></b> (1910). On its appearance, this machine was generally laughed at and nicknamed
+the "Coffee Pot," till in Aug., 1910, it made a world's record by carrying six, and later proved itself
+superior in stability to anything then existing.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 9b --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_9b" id="Page_9b">[Pg 9b]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_246a.jpg" width="100%" alt="CHAUVI&Eacute;RE" title="CHAUVI&Eacute;RE"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>CHAUVI&Eacute;RE</i></b> (1909-10). Attempt to develop a monoplane with propellers in rear. The idea
+has been resuscitated for some 1913 military monoplanes.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_246b.jpg" width="100%" alt="COLLOMB (1907-09). Ornithopter, from which great things were once expected." title="COLLOMB (1907-09). Ornithopter, from which great things were once expected." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>COLLOMB</i></b> (1907-09). Ornithopter, from which great things were once expected.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_246c.jpg" width="100%" alt="CORNU (1908). An early helicopter for which flights were claimed, but have also been denied." title="CORNU (1908). An early helicopter for which flights were claimed, but have also been denied." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>CORNU</i></b> (1908). An early helicopter for which flights were claimed, but have also been denied.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_246d.jpg" width="100%" alt="D'EQUIVELLY" title="D'EQUIVELLY"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>D'EQUIVELLY</i></b> (1907-08). Interesting example of the strange machines devised by pioneers.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 10b --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_10b" id="Page_10b">[Pg 10b]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_247a.jpg" width="100%" alt="H. FARMAN" title="H. FARMAN"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>H. FARMAN</i></b> (1907). This famous machine is the first <i>Voisin</i>, and the one on which H. Farman
+taught himself to fly. It was the first machine to make a turn in the air. Won the Deutsh-Archdeacon
+Grand Prix, 13th January, 1908, with a flight of 1 minute, 28 seconds. The extra third plane was
+added later. An Austrian Syndicate subsequently bought the machine.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_247b.jpg" width="100%" alt="H. FARMAN" title="H. FARMAN"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>H. FARMAN</i></b> (1908). Farman's first idea of a monoplane. It proved too heavy to fly with the
+power provided. Was eventually sold to a German officer. Three sets of wings and entirely enclosed
+body.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_247c.jpg" width="100%" alt="Fabre." title="Fabre." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>GABARDINI</i></b> (1909-10). Very early hydro-aeroplane, antedating the <i>Fabre</i>.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_247d.jpg" width="100%" alt="GIVAUDIN" title="GIVAUDIN"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>GIVAUDIN</i></b> (1908-09). Built by the Vermorel Co. The first conception of an idea which has
+since attracted a certain class of inventor in Germany, Italy and the U.S.A.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 11b --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_11b" id="Page_11b">[Pg 11b]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_248a.jpg" width="100%" alt="MILITARY" title="MILITARY"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>MILITARY</i></b> (1909). The first special military aeroplane ever built. It was specially designed by
+Capt. Dorand, for what were then held to be the aerial necessities of the French Army. The planes
+were placed well above the body, giving the pilot a very clear uninterrupted view.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_248b.jpg" width="100%" alt="PISCHOFF-KOECHLIN" title="PISCHOFF-KOECHLIN"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>PISCHOFF-KOECHLIN</i></b> (1906 or earlier). Dates from the days when a box-kite was the
+elementary idea in design, and the accepted position of the aviator lying prone.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_248c.jpg" width="100%" alt="PISCHOFF-KOECHLIN" title="PISCHOFF-KOECHLIN"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>PISCHOFF-KOECHLIN</i></b> (1908). Very early example of a tractor biplane. The extra span
+of the upper plane is also of interest. The machine had twin mono-elevators aft and also twin rudders.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_248d.jpg" width="100%" alt="R.E.P." title="R.E.P."/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>R.E.P.</i></b> (1908). Early example of enclosed stream line body. Apparently the first machine in which
+steel construction appeared.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 12b --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_12b" id="Page_12b">[Pg 12b]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_249a.jpg" width="100%" alt="VOISIN (1908). The first European aeroplanes to fly with any real success." title="VOISIN (1908). The first European aeroplanes to fly with any real success." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>VOISIN</i></b> (1908). The first European aeroplanes to fly with any real success.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_249b.jpg" width="100%" alt="VUITTON-HUBER (1908). Early helicopter." title="VUITTON-HUBER (1908). Early helicopter." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>VUITTON-HUBER</i></b> (1908). Early helicopter.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_249c.jpg" width="100%" alt="VUIA (1908). Earliest known machine with folding wings." title="VUIA (1908). Earliest known machine with folding wings." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>VUIA</i></b> (1908). Earliest known machine with folding wings.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_249d.jpg" width="100%" alt="WITZIG-LIORE-DUTILLUEL" title="WITZIG-LIORE-DUTILLUEL"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>WITZIG-LIORE-DUTILLUEL</i></b> (1908-09). First or one of the first appearances of the
+idea of a series of staggered planes, with which Sellers has ever since experimented in the U.S.A.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 13b --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_13b" id="Page_13b">[Pg 13b]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3><b>GERMAN.</b></h3>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_250a.jpg" width="100%" alt="BEILHARZ. (1909). First design in which a completely closed in body figured." title="BEILHARZ. (1909). First design in which a completely closed in body figured." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>BEILHARZ.</i></b> (1909). First design in which a completely closed in body figured.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_250b.jpg" width="100%" alt="GEISLER (1908)." title="GEISLER (1908)." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>GEISLER</i></b> (1908).</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_250c.jpg" width="100%" alt="GRADE (1908). The first German built machine to fly." title="GRADE (1908). The first German built machine to fly." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>GRADE</i></b> (1908). The first German built machine to fly.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_250d.jpg" width="100%" alt="LORENZEN" title="LORENZEN"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>LORENZEN</i></b> (1908-09).</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 14b --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_14b" id="Page_14b">[Pg 14b]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_251a.jpg" width="100%" alt="PARSEVAL" title="PARSEVAL"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>PARSEVAL</i></b> (1909). Early hydro-aeroplane. Specially designed for military purposes by
+Major Parseval.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_251b.jpg" width="100%" alt="SCHOLTZ (1908). Never left the ground." title="SCHOLTZ (1908). Never left the ground." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>SCHOLTZ</i></b> (1908). Never left the ground.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<h3><b>ITALIAN.</b></h3>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_251c.jpg" width="100%" alt="MILLER (1908-09). First aeroplane to be designed and constructed by Italians." title="MILLER (1908-09). First aeroplane to be designed and constructed by Italians." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>MILLER</i></b> (1908-09). First aeroplane to be designed and constructed by Italians.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<h3><b>SWISS.</b></h3>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_251d.jpg" width="100%" alt="DUFAUX" title="DUFAUX"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>DUFAUX</i></b> (1908-09). First Swiss machine.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 15b --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_15b" id="Page_15b">[Pg 15b]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3><b>U.S.A.</b></h3>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_252a.jpg" width="100%" alt="BOKOR (1909). The third American machine to leave the ground; the second purely U.S. one." title="BOKOR (1909). The third American machine to leave the ground; the second purely U.S. one." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>BOKOR</i></b> (1909). The third American machine to leave the ground; the second purely U.S. one.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_252b.jpg" width="100%" alt="CALL II (1909)." title="CALL II (1909)." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>CALL II</i></b> (1909).</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_252c.jpg" width="100%" alt="CYGNET II" title="CYGNET II"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>CYGNET II</i></b> (1908). Designed by Dr. Graham Bell, of the Aeronautical Society of America.
+Bell (Canadian), Glen Curtis (U.S.), Herring (U.S.), and Burgess (Canadian). It made short flights.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_252d.jpg" width="100%" alt="ENGLISH" title="ENGLISH"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>ENGLISH</i></b> (1909). In 1909 extraordinary claims were made for this machine and great things
+expected. On a full power trial in its shed it broke loose, and smashed itself against the roof. No
+recorded outdoor results.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 16b --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_16b" id="Page_16b">[Pg 16b]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_253a.jpg" width="100%" alt="HERRING-BURGESS (1910)." title="HERRING-BURGESS (1910)." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>HERRING-BURGESS</i></b> (1910).</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_253b.jpg" width="100%" alt="HULBERT" title="HULBERT"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>HULBERT</i></b> (1910). This strange machine built in Switzerland by Dr. Dane Hulbert, achieved
+several flights. The planes were placed longitudinally instead of in the usual way.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_253c.jpg" width="100%" alt="JUNE BUG" title="JUNE BUG"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>JUNE BUG</i></b> (1908-09). Famous machine of its era. Built by the Aeronautical Society of
+America (see <i>Cygnet II</i>). Second machine to fly in the U.S.A. Did 2000 miles before being broken up.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_253d.jpg" width="100%" alt="KIMBALL" title="KIMBALL"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>KIMBALL</i></b> (1909). First machine in which a large number of propellers was attempted. Failed.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 17b --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_17b" id="Page_17b">[Pg 17b]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_254a.jpg" width="100%" alt="LOOSE (1910)." title="LOOSE (1910)." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>LOOSE</i></b> (1910).</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_254b.jpg" width="100%" alt="LUYTIES OTTO" title="LUYTIES OTTO"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>LUYTIES OTTO</i></b> (1908).</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 18b --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_18b" id="Page_18b">[Pg 18b]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_255a.jpg" width="100%" alt="MOISSANT (1910). Built entirely of aluminium. Designed by the late John Moissant. Failed." title="MOISSANT (1910). Built entirely of aluminium. Designed by the late John Moissant. Failed." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>MOISSANT</i></b> (1910). Built entirely of aluminium. Designed by the late John Moissant. Failed.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_255b.jpg" width="100%" alt="RICKMAN (1908)." title="RICKMAN (1908)." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>RICKMAN</i></b> (1908).</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_255c.jpg" width="100%" alt="ROSHON" title="ROSHON"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>ROSHON</i></b> (1908).</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 19b --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_19b" id="Page_19b">[Pg 19b]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_256a.jpg" width="100%" alt="WILLIAMS (1908)." title="WILLIAMS (1908)." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>WILLIAMS</i></b> (1908).</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_256b.jpg" width="100%" alt="ZERBE (1909)." title="ZERBE (1909)." />
+<div class="left"><b><i>ZERBE</i></b> (1909).</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/ill_256c.jpg" width="100%" alt="." title="." /></div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_256d.jpg" width="100%" alt="WRIGHT" title="WRIGHT"/>
+<div class="left"><b><i>WRIGHT</i></b> (1908). Two views of the machine with which Wilbur Wright startled all Europe from
+August, 1908 to April, 1909. First U.S. machine to fly.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 1c --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_1c" id="Page_1c">[Pg 1c]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2 class="right"><a name="Part_C" id="Part_C"></a><b><span class="smcap u">Part C.</span></b></h2>
+
+
+<h3><b>AERO ENGINES,</b></h3>
+
+<p class="center">ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED IN ORDER OF COUNTRY OF ORIGIN.</p>
+
+<h3><b><a href="#AUSTRIAN">AUSTRIAN</a>, <a href="#BELGIAN_E">BELGIAN</a>, <a href="#BRITISH_E">BRITISH</a>,
+<a href="#FRENCH_E">FRENCH</a>, <a href="#GERMAN_E">GERMAN</a>,
+<a href="#ITALIAN_E">ITALIAN</a>, <a href="#USA_E">U.S.A.</a></b></h3>
+
+<p><b>Note.</b>&mdash;So far as possible this is a complete list of all the aero engines of any importance.</p>
+
+<p>Data are confined to what is now being made or actually in use; untested "show novelties"
+are ignored.</p>
+
+<p>In the case of some engines it has for various reasons proved impossible to obtain full data
+in time for inclusion in this edition.</p>
+
+<p>In a general way these lists are confined to aeroplane engines.<!-- Page 2c --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_2c" id="Page_2c">[Pg 2c]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="AUSTRIAN" id="AUSTRIAN"></a><b>AUSTRIAN.</b></h2>
+<p class="center"><b>Revised by Herr Ing. W. Isendahl.</b></p>
+
+
+<table class="motor" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="AUSTRIAN MOTORS.">
+<tr><th class="r"><b>AUSTRO-DAIMLER.</b></th><th><b>K�RTING.</b></th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+ 35-40 h.p., 4 cyl., 100�120 (1450 r.p.m.) 165 lbs.<br/>
+ 65-70 h.p., 4 cyl., 120�140 (1350 r.p.m.) 232 lbs.<br/>
+   120 h.p., 6 cyl., 130�175 (1200 r.p.m.) 419 lbs.<br/>
+                                                <br/>
+ Vertical water-cooled.                         <br/>
+                                                <br/>
+ H.T. Magneto.                                  <br/>
+ All Valves overhead. Rocking levers and piston
+ rods.                                          <br/>
+ Forced lubrication.                            <br/>
+                                                <br/>
+ Pressed steel pistons.                         <br/>
+ Nickel-chrome crank shaft, hollow and closed.  <br/>
+ White-metal bearings.                          <br/>
+ Cast-iron single cylinders (copper jackets).   <br/>
+ Single camshaft.                               <br/>
+                                                <br/>
+ <div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_259a.jpg" width="100%" alt="120 h.p." title="120 h.p."/>
+<div class="left">120 h.p.</div>
+</div>
+                                                <br/>
+ The 120 has 2 carburetters and 2 H.T. magnetos.<br/>
+</td>
+
+<td style="width:50%">
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_259b.jpg" width="100%" alt="K�RTING." title="K�RTING."/>
+</div>
+<i>Note.</i>--This engine is no longer made, but it is to be found still in some dirigibles.
+</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<h2><a name="BELGIAN_E" id="BELGIAN_E"></a><b>BELGIAN.</b></h2>
+
+<table class="motor" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="BELGIAN MOTORS.">
+<tr><th class="r"><b>METALLURGIQUE.</b></th><th><b>PIPE.</b></th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+40 h.p., 4 cyl.,  85�130 (1850 r.p.m.)         <br/>
+60 h.p., 4 cyl., 100�150 (1850 r.p.m.) 300 lbs.<br/>
+90 h.p., 4 cyl., 125�150 (1600 r.p.m.) 550 lbs.<br/>
+                                               <br/>
+Vertical, water-cooled.                        <br/>
+                                               <br/>
+H.T. magneto.                                  <br/>
+Mechanical inlets.                             <br/>
+Pump lubrication.
+
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+ 50-70 h.p., 8 cyl., 100�100 (1950 r.p.m.) 239 lbs.<br/>
+110 h.p., 8 cyl.<br/>
+<br/>
+Vertical, air-cooled (fan).<br/>
+<br/>
+H.T. magneto.<br/>
+Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+Pump lubrication.<br/>
+
+</td></tr>
+<tr><th class="r bt"><b>MIESSE.</b> </th><th class="bt"><b>VIVINUS.</b></th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+
+50-60 h.p., 4 cyl.                          lbs.<br/>
+100   h.p., 8 cyl., 130�140             245 lbs.<br/>
+                                                <br/>
+Horizontal opposed, air-cooled (fan).           <br/>
+                                                <br/>
+H.T. magneto                                    <br/>
+Mechanical inlets.                              <br/>
+Pump lubrication.                               <br/>
+                                                <br/>
+<i>Features.</i>--                              <br/>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p>Air cooling is carried out by fans which drive
+air through air jackets on cylinders.           </p>
+<p>All valves in cylinder heads, rocker operated.  </p>
+<p>Vertical crank shaft.                           </p>
+</div>
+
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+50 h.p., 4 cyl., 106�120 (1600 r.p.m.) 205 lbs.<br/>
+60 h.p., 4 cyl., 112�130 (1600 r.p.m.) 236 lbs.<br/>
+70 h.p., 4 cyl., 115�130 (1800 r.p.m.) 280 lbs.<br/>
+<br/>
+Vertical, water-cooled.<br/>
+<br/>
+H.T. magneto.<br/>
+Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+Pump lubrication.<br/>
+
+</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><!-- Page 3c --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_3c" id="Page_3c">[Pg 3c]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="BRITISH_E" id="BRITISH_E"></a><b>BRITISH.</b></h2>
+
+<table class="motor" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="BRITISH MOTORS.">
+<tr><th class="r">
+  <b>A.B.C.</b><br/>
+  All British Engine Co., Ltd., Brooklands, Surrey.
+</th><th>
+ <b>GREEN.</b><br/>
+ Green Engine Co., Ltd., 455, Berners Street, London, W.
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+ 30 h.p.,  4 cyl.,  95�80  (1450 r.p.m.) 155 lbs. <br/>
+ 45 h.p.,  6 cyl.,  95�80  (1450 r.p.m.) 225 lbs. <br/>
+ 60 h.p.,  8 cyl.,  95�80  (1450 r.p.m.) 231 lbs. <br/>
+ 85 h.p.,  6 cyl., 125�105 (1700 r.p.m.) 290 lbs. <br/>
+115 h.p.,  8 cyl., 125�105 (1400 r.p.m.) 380 lbs. <br/>
+170 h.p., 12 cyl., 125�105 (1400 r.p.m.) 520 lbs. <br/>
+225 h.p., 16 cyl., 125�105 (1400 r.p.m.) 640 lbs. <br/>
+                                                  <br/>
+ <b>V</b> type, water-cooled (pump).              <br/>
+                                                  <br/>
+ H.T. magneto.                                    <br/>
+ Mechanical inlets.                               <br/>
+ Forced lubrication.                              <br/>
+                                                  <br/>
+ <i>Features.</i>--                               <br/>
+<div class="blockquot">
+ <p>Steel cylinders (steel and copper jackets).</p>
+ <p>Overhead vertical valves.</p>
+ <p>Cast-steel crank case.</p>
+ <p>Nickel chrome crank shaft, white metal bearings.</p>
+</div>
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+  30-35 h.p., 4 cyl., 105�120              158 lbs. <br/>
+  50-60 h.p., 4 cyl., 140�146              263 lbs. <br/>
+ 90-100 h.p., 6 cyl., 140�152              298 lbs. <br/>
+  Vertical, water-cooled (pump).<br/>
+  H.T. magneto.      <br/>
+  Mechanical inlets.           <br/>
+  Forced lubrication.<br/>
+                                                   <br/>
+  <i>Features.</i>--                                <br/>
+<div class="blockquot">
+ <p>Cast-iron cylinders.</p>
+ <p>Overhead cam shaft.</p>
+ <p>Copper jackets.</p>
+ <p>Nickel chrome crank shaft.</p>
+ <p>Overhead valves.</p>
+ <p>White metal bearings.</p>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_260a.jpg" width="100%" alt="GREEN." title="GREEN."/>
+   </div>
+</div>
+</td></tr>
+
+<tr><th class="r bt">
+  <b>N.E.C.</b><br/>
+  New Engine (Motor) Co. Ltd., 9, Grafton Street, Bond Street, London, W.
+</th><th class="bt">
+ <b>WOLSELEY.</b><br/>
+ Wolseley Tool &amp; Motor Car Co., Ltd., Adderley Park, Birmingham.
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+50 h.p., 4 cyl., 95�115 (1250 r.p.m.)          205 lbs. <br/>
+90 h.p., 6 cyl., 96�115 (1250 r.p.m.)          405 lbs. <br/>
+<br/>
+Two stroke vertical for the 90 h.p. <b>V</b> for the 50.<br/>
+<br/>
+H.T. magneto.<br/>
+Valveless.<br/>
+Forced lubrication.<br/>
+<br/>
+<i>Features.</i>--
+<p class="hanging">Pistons after uncovering exhaust ports open
+    the inlet ports. Air from blowers
+    scavenges. Strong mixture enters
+    immediately on compression stroke.
+    This is effected by a central mechanism.</p>
+<br/>
+(N.B. Older types see previous editions.)
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_260b.jpg" width="100%" alt="N.E.C." title="N.E.C."/>
+   </div>
+
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+60-80 h.p., 8 cyl., 95�140, type A        325 lbs.<br/>
+60-80 h.p., 8 cyl., 95�140, type B        345 lbs.<br/>
+60-80 h.p., 8 cyl., 95�140, type C        315 lbs.<br/>
+60-80 h.p., 8 cyl., 95�140, type D        335 lbs.<br/>
+120 h.p.,  8 cyl., 125�175 (1150 r.p.m.)  630 lbs.<br/>
+<p><b>V</b> type. Types A and B of the 60-80 air-cooled
+(water-cooled exhausts). The others water-cooled.</p>
+<p>Types A and C of the 60-80 are for direct coupling
+of propeller, with double thrust ball bearings.</p>
+<p>Types B and D geared to half crank shaft speed.</p>
+Bosch dual ignition.<br/>
+Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+Forced lubrication.<br/>
+<br/>
+<i>Features.</i>--
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p>Steel cylinders (single).</p>
+<p>Overhead valves (removable seats).</p>
+<p>Carburettor between cylinders.</p>
+<p>Nickel chrome crank shaft, on 3 bearings.</p>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_260c.jpg" width="100%" alt="WOLSELEY." title="WOLSELEY."/>
+   </div>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_260d.jpg" width="100%" alt="WOLSELEY." title="WOLSELEY."/>
+   </div>
+</div>
+</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><!-- Page 4c --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_4c" id="Page_4c">[Pg 4c]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="FRENCH_E" id="FRENCH_E"></a><b>FRENCH.</b></h2>
+
+<table class="motor" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="FRENCH MOTORS.">
+<tr><th class="r">
+ <b>ANZANI.</b><br/>
+ 71, <i>bis</i> Quai d'Asini�res (Seine).
+</th><th>
+ <b>BERTIN.</b><br/>
+ 8, rue Garancier, Paris.
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r" rowspan="3">
+ <p>30 h.p.,  3 cyl., 105�130 (1575 r.p.m.)          154 lbs.<br/>
+    30 h.p.,  3 cyl., 105�120 (1300 r.p.m.)          121 lbs.<br/>
+ 40-45 h.p.,  6 cyl.,  90�120 (1300 r.p.m.)          154 lbs.<br/>
+ 50-60 h.p.,  6 cyl., 105�120 (1300 r.p.m.)          200 lbs.<br/>
+    80 h.p., 10 cyl.,  90�130 (1250 r.p.m.)          238 lbs.<br/>
+   100 h.p., 10 cyl., 105�140 (1100 r.p.m.)          308 lbs.</p>
+
+ <p>Radial type, air-cooled (but water-cooling is occasionally
+   fitted).</p>
+
+ <p>H.T. magneto.<br/>
+   Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+   Forced lubrication.</p>
+
+ <p><i>Features.</i>--</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+ <p>Extremely simple construction.</p>
+ <p>Mainshaft single crank.</p>
+ <p>Flywheel specially balanced to compensate.</p>
+ <p>Zenith carburetter.</p>
+</div>
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+ <p>50 h.p., 4 cyl., 116�150 (1100 r.p.m,) 132 lbs.<br/>
+100 h.p., 8 cyl., 116�150 (1100 r.p.m.) 209 lbs.</p>
+
+<p><b>X</b> type air cooled.</p>
+
+</td></tr>
+<tr><th class="bt">
+ <b>BURLAT.</b><br/>
+ 289 Avenue de Saxe, Lyon (Rhone).
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%">
+ <p>35 h.p.,  8 cyl.,  95�120 (956 r.p.m.) 187 lbs.<br/>
+ 60 h.p.,  8 cyl., 120�120 (940 r.p.m.) 264 lbs.<br/>
+ 75 h.p.,  8 cyl., 120�170 (940 r.p.m.) 308 lbs.<br/>
+120 h.p., 16 cyl., 120�120 (900 r.p.m.) 495 lbs.</p>
+
+<p>Rotary, air-cooled.</p>
+
+</td></tr>
+
+<tr><th class="r bt">
+ <b>CANTON-UNN� (SALMSON).</b><br/>
+ E. Salmson, 55, rue Grange aux Belles, Paris.
+</th><th class="bt">
+ <b>CLEMENT BAYARD.</b><br/>
+ Usineo Clement Bayard, 33 quai Michelet,
+ Levallois-Perret, (Seine).
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+<p> 60 h.p., 7 cyl.,  75�260 (1300 r.p.m.)   220 lbs.<br/>
+80 h.p., 7 cyl., 120�140 (1250 r.p.m.)   298 lbs.<br/>
+110 h.p., 9 cyl., 120�140 (1300 r.p.m.)   353 lbs.</p>
+
+<p>The 60 h.p. has parallel a.c. cylinders, the other
+two are radial w.c.</p>
+
+<p>There is also a horizontal radial engine (w.c.)
+300 h.p., 9 cyl., 150�210 (1200 r.p.m.) 990 lbs.</p>
+
+<p>H.T. magneto.<br/>
+Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+Forced lubrication.<br/>
+Steel cylinders, copper jackets.<br/>
+Overhead Valves.<br/>
+Single special steel crank shaft on ball bearings.<br/>
+Aluminium alloy or steel crank case.</p>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_261a.jpg" width="100%" alt="CANTON-UNN� (SALMSON)." title="CANTON-UNN� (SALMSON)."/>
+   </div>
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+<p>40 h.p., 4 cyl., 100�120                242 lbs.<br/>
+100 h.p., 4 cyl., 135�160 (1500 rp.m.)   463 lbs.<br/>
+130 h.p., 4 cyl., 155�185<br/>
+180 h.p., 6 cyl., 155�185 (1200 r.p.m.)<br/>
+200 h.p., 4 cyl., 190�230 (1200 r.p.m.) 1100 lbs.</p>
+
+<p>H.T. magneto.<br/>
+G.A. carburetter. Forced lubrication.</p>
+
+<p>Overhead valves worked by two cams only.<br/>
+Exhausts opened and closed by spring on tappet.</p>
+
+<p><i>40 h.p.</i>, vertical, <i>en bloc</i>, water-cooled, copper,
+jacket, all valves same side, single cam shaft,
+splash lubrication. Special carburetter, jet in
+centre of float chamber.</p>
+
+<p><i>130 and 180 h.p.</i> (for dirigibles), cylinders in pairs,
+water-cooled. Overhead valves, single overhead
+cam shaft. Two ignitions. Expanding
+clutch.</p>
+
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_261b.jpg" width="100%" alt="CLEMENT BAYARD." title="CLEMENT BAYARD."/>
+    <div class="left">Dirigible Engine</div>
+   </div>
+
+<!-- Page 5c --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_5c" id="Page_5c">[Pg 5c]</a></span>
+</td></tr>
+
+<tr><th class="r bt">
+ <b>CHENU.</b><br/>
+ Chenu, 10 Rue Fontaine-Saint-Georges, Paris.
+</th><th class="bt">
+ <b>CLERGET.</b><br/>
+ Clerget &amp; Cie, 11 rue Leon-Cogniet, Paris.
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+<p> 50 h.p., 4 cyl., 110�130 (1300 r.p.m.) 253-1/2 lbs.<br/>
+ 75 h.p., 6 cyl., 110�130 (1300 r.p.m.) 375     lbs.<br/>
+200 h.p., 6 cyl., 150�200               860     lbs.</p>
+
+<p>Vertical, water-cooled (thermo syphon).</p>
+
+<p>H.T. magneto.<br/>
+Automatic lubrication.</p>
+
+<p>Cylinders in pairs.</p>
+</td><td style="width:50%" rowspan="3">
+<p>   43 h.p., 4 cyl., 100�120 (1600 r.p.m.)<br/>
+   50 h.p., 4 cyl., 110�120 (1500 r.p.m.)   172 lbs.<br/>
+  100 h.p., 4 cyl., 140�160 (1250 r.p.m.)   342 lbs.<br/>
+50-60 h.p., 7 cyl., 120�120 (1200 r.p.m.)   198 lbs.<br/>
+  200 h.p., 8 cyl., 140�160 (1275 r.p.m.)   495 lbs.</p>
+
+<p>The 43 h.p. 50 and 100 vertical engines, w.c.</p>
+
+<p>The 50-60 h.p. is a radial, rotary.</p>
+
+<p>The 200 h.p. has 2 carburetters and 2 magnetos,
+and is <b>V</b> type.</p>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_262a.jpg" width="100%" alt="200 h.p. Clerget." title="200 h.p. Clerget."/>
+    <div class="left">200 h.p. Clerget.</div>
+   </div>
+
+</td></tr>
+
+<tr><th class="r bt">
+ <b>DANSETTE GILLET (LAVIATOR).</b><br/>
+ Dansette Gillet &amp; Cie., 36 quai de.
+ Suresnes, Suresnes (Seine).
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+<p> 80 h.p., 8 cyl., 100�130 (1200 r.p.m,)     418 lbs.<br/>
+110 h.p., 6 cyl., 130�160 (1100 r.p.m.)     616 lbs.<br/>
+120 h.p., 4 cyl., 145�175 (1200 r.p.m.)     484 lbs.<br/>
+120 h.p., 8 cyl., 114�160 (1200 r.p.m.)     418 lbs.<br/>
+200 h.p., 8 cyl., 147�175 (1100 r.p.m.)     715 lbs.<br/>
+250 h.p., 6 cyl., 180�200 (1050 r.p.m.)    1210 lbs.</p>
+
+<p>The 110, 120 (4 cyl.) and 250 are vertical, the
+others are <b>V</b> type.</p>
+
+
+</td></tr>
+<tr><th class="r bt">
+ <b>DE DION.</b><br/>
+ �tablissements de Dion-Bouton, 52 avenue des
+ Champs-�lys�es, Paris.
+</th><th class="bt">
+<b>DUTHEIL CHALMERS (EOLE).</b><br/>
+Dutheil Chalmers &amp; Cie., 81-83 avenue d'italie, Paris.
+ </th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+<p>80 h.p., 8 cyl., 100�120 (1700 r.p.m.)     484 lbs.<br/>
+150 h.p., 8 cyl., 125�150 (1600 r.p.m.)     968 lbs.<br/>
+<b>V</b> type, air-cooled for the 80; water-cooled for the
+150.</p>
+
+<p>H.T. magneto.<br/>
+Pump lubrication.<br/>
+Forced lubrication.</p>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_262a.jpg" width="100%" alt="De Dion." title="De Dion."/>
+    <div class="left">De Dion.</div>
+   </div>
+
+
+<!-- Page 6c --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_6c" id="Page_6c">[Pg 6c]</a></span>
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+<p> 40 h.p., 4 cyl., 125�120                   250 lbs.<br/>
+ 60 h.p., 6 cyl., 125�120                   350 lbs.</p>
+
+<p> Opposed horizontal, water-cooled.</p>
+
+<p> H.T. magneto.<br/>
+ Automatic inlets.<br/>
+ Pump lubrication.</p>
+
+<p class="center">also<br/>
+<b>EOLE.</b> (Dutheil Chalmers.)</p>
+
+ <p>40 h.p., 4 cyl., 130�130                   198 lbs.</p>
+
+<p> Horizontal w.c., with central crank shaft over
+ head valves.</p>
+
+<p> 100 h.p., 8 cyl.</p>
+
+<p> Crank shaft at either end, all valves in centre.</p>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_263a.jpg" width="100%" alt="DUTHEIL CHALMERS (EOLE)." title="DUTHEIL CHALMERS (EOLE)."/>
+   </div>
+</td></tr>
+<tr><th class="bt r">
+ <b>GNOME</b><br/>
+ Soci�t� des moleurs Gnome, 3 rue La Bo�tie, Paris.
+</th><th class="bt">
+ <b>LABOR AVIATION.</b><br/>
+ Soc. anonyme des moteurs Labor Aviation, 29 rue de
+ la R�volte, Levallois Perret (Seine).
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r" rowspan="3">
+<p> 50 h.p.,  7 cyl., 11$1�$220 (1200 r.p.m.)   165 lbs.<br/>
+ 70 h.p.,  7 cyl., 13$1�$220 (1300 r.p.m.)   183 lbs.<br/>
+  80 h.p.,  7 cyl., 124�140 (1200 r.p.m.)    191 lbs.<br/>
+ 100 h.p., 14 cyl., 110�120 (1200 r.p.m.)    220 lbs.<br/>
+ 140 h.p., 14 cyl., 130�120 (1200 r.p.m.)    286 lbs.<br/>
+ 160 h.p., 14 cyl., 124�140 (1200 r.p.m.)    308 lbs.</p>
+
+<p> Radial rotary, air-cooled.</p>
+
+<p> H.T. magneto.<br/>
+ Automatic inlets.<br/>
+ Forced lubrication.</p>
+
+<p> <i>Features.</i>--</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p>Single crank pin</p>
+<p> Steel cylinders turned from solid.</p>
+<p> Single ignition point.</p>
+<p> Gas admitted through hollow crank shaft to
+ crank case, thence to pistons; oil enters
+ in a similar way.</p>
+<p> Nickel chrome crank shaft, ball bearings.</p>
+<p> Steel crank case.</p>
+<p> The 100 h.p. has seven cylinders behind seven
+ others. Larger sizes ditto.</p>
+<p> Older engines of 50-100 h.p. do not differ in
+ general details.</p>
+</div>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_263b.jpg" width="100%" alt="50 h.p. Gnome." title="50 h.p. Gnome."/>
+   </div>
+
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+<p>  42 h p., 4 cyl.,  90�150 (1200 r.p.m.)     221 lbs.<br/>
+  72 h.p., 4 cyl., 100�210 (1200 r.p.m.)     353 lbs.<br/>
+ 120 h.p., 4 cyl., 120�250                   419 lbs.</p>
+
+<p> Vertical water-cooled (pump).</p>
+
+<p> H.T. magneto.<br/>
+ Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+ Forced lubrication.</p>
+
+<p><i>Features:</i>--</p>
+
+ <p class="blockquot">Automatic carburetter.</p>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_263c.jpg" width="100%" alt="LABOR AVIATION." title="LABOR AVIATION."/>
+   </div>
+
+</td></tr>
+
+<tr><th class="bt"><b>LA RHONE</b></th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%">
+<p>  50 h.p.,  7 cyl., 105�140                  176 lbs.<br/>
+  80 h.p.,  9 cyl., 105�140                  242 lbs.<br/>
+ 100 h.p., 14 cyl., 105�140                  308 lbs.<br/>
+ 160 h.p., 18 cyl., 105�140                  374 lbs.</p>
+<p class="center">(1200 r.p.m. in all.)</p>
+
+<p>Rotary, air-cooled.</p>
+
+</td></tr>
+<tr><th class="r bt">
+ <b>PANHARD.</b><br/>
+ Soci�t� Panhard &amp; Levassor, avenue d'Ivry, Paris.
+</th><th class="bt">
+<!-- Page 7c --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_7c" id="Page_7c">[Pg 7c]</a></span>
+
+ <b>RENAULT</b><br/>
+ Automobiles Louis Renault, 15 rue Gustav-Sandoz,
+ Billancourt (Seine).
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+<p> 35-40 h.p., 4 cyl., 110�140                210 lbs.<br/>
+    55 h.p., 6 cyl., 110�140                341 lbs.<br/>
+   100 h.p., 8 cyl., 110�140 (1500 r.p.m.)  440 lbs.</p>
+
+<p> Vertical, water-cooled.</p>
+
+<p> H.T. magneto.<br/>
+ Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+ Pump lubrication.</p>
+
+<p> <i>Features.</i>--</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p> Cast-iron cylinders, jackets in casting.</p>
+<p> Valves at side.</p>
+<p> Cam shaft in crank case.</p>
+<p> Nickel chrome crank shaft; white metal
+ bearings.</p>
+</div>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_263d.jpg" width="100%" alt="PANHARD." title="PANHARD."/>
+   </div>
+
+<p> There is also a 120 h.p. 4 cylinder for dirigibles.</p>
+
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+<p> 25 h.p.,  4 cyl.,  90�120                 243 lbs.<br/>
+ 35 h.p.,  8 cyl.,  75�120                 243 lbs.<br/>
+ 50 h.p.,  8 cyl.,  90�120                 375 lbs.<br/>
+ 70 h.p.,  8 cyl.,  96�140                 397 lbs.<br/>
+ 90 h.p., 12 cyl.,  96�140                 640 lbs.</p>
+<p class="center">(All at 1800 r.p.m.)</p>
+
+<p> Cylinders at 90�.<br/>
+ <b>V</b> type, air-cooled.</p>
+
+<p> H.T. magneto.<br/>
+ Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+ Pump lubrication.</p>
+
+<p> <i>Features.</i>--</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p> Two to one shaft, made specially strong to
+ admit of the direct coupling of a propeller.</p>
+
+<p> Inlet valves operated from below, exhausts
+ placed above them at the side.</p>
+
+<p> Plain bearings.</p>
+
+<p> Special cooling.</p>
+</div>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_264a.jpg" width="100%" alt="RENAULT." title="RENAULT."/>
+   </div>
+
+</td></tr>
+<tr><th class="r bt">
+  <b>R.E.P.</b><br/>
+  �tablissement Robert �snault Pelterie, 149 rue de
+  Silly, Billancourt (Seine).
+</th><th class="bt">
+  <b>ROSSEL-PEUGEOT.</b><br/>
+  Soc. anonyme de constructions aerienne Rossel-Peugeot,
+  rue de Longchamp, � Suresnes (Seine).
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+ <p> 45 h.p., 5 cyl., 100�140                  243 lbs.<br/>
+  60 h.p., 5 cyl., 110�160 (1100 r.p.m.)    330 lbs.<br/>
+  90 h.p., 7 cyl., 110�160 (1100 r.p.m.)    463 lbs.</p>
+
+<p>  Radial, air-cooled.</p>
+
+<p>  H.T. magneto and accumulators.<br/>
+  Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+  Forced lubrication.</p>
+
+<p>  <i>Features.</i>--</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p>  In the 7 cyl. the cylinders are in two planes,
+  four being in front of the others.</p>
+
+<p>  The 5 cyl. engines are fan shape in one plane.</p>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_264b.jpg" width="100%" alt="7 cylinder." title="7 cylinder."/>
+    <div class="left">7 cylinder.</div>
+   </div>
+</div>
+
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+<p> 30-40 h.p., 7 cyl., 105�110 (1100 r.p.m.)  165 lbs.<br/>
+ 40-50 h.p., 7 cyl., 110�110 (1100 r.p.m.)  172 lbs.<br/>
+ 50-55 h.p., 7 cyl., 110�110 (1150 r.p.m.)  165 lbs.</p>
+
+<p> Rotary, air-cooled.</p>
+
+<p> H.T. magneto.<br/>
+ Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+ Forced lubrication.</p>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_264c.jpg" width="100%" alt="ROSSEL-PEUGEOT." title="ROSSEL-PEUGEOT."/>
+    <div class="left">ROSSEL-PEUGEOT.</div>
+   </div>
+
+<p> There is also a vertical water-cooled motor (1913).
+ 100 h.p., 140�140 (1300 r.p.m.)            352 lbs.</p>
+
+</td></tr>
+<tr><th class="r bt">
+ <b>VIALE.</b><br/>
+ Viale &amp; Cie. 19 rue de la Mairie, Boulogne-sur-Seine
+ (Seine).
+</th><th class="bt"><b>VERDET.</b></th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+ <p> 30 h.p.,  3 cyl., 105�130 (1250 r.p.m.)    165 lbs.<br/>
+  50 h.p.,  5 cyl., 105�130 (1250 r.p.m.)    199 lbs.<br/>
+  70 h.p.,  7 cyl., 105�130 (1250 r.p.m.)    254 lbs.<br/>
+ 100 h.p., 10 cyl., 105�130 (1250 r.p.m.)    320 lbs.</p>
+
+<p>  Radial, air-cooled.</p>
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_264d.jpg" width="100%" alt="VIALE." title="VIALE."/>
+    <div class="left">VIALE.</div>
+   </div>
+
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+ <p>55 h.p., 7 cyl., 112�140 (1100 r.p.m.)    176 lbs.</p>
+
+ <p>Rotary, air-cooled.</p>
+
+</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><!-- Page 8c --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_8c" id="Page_8c">[Pg 8c]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="GERMAN_E" id="GERMAN_E"></a><b>GERMAN.</b></h2>
+
+<p class="center"><b>Revised by Herr Ing. W. Isendahl.</b></p>
+
+<table class="motor" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="FRENCH MOTORS.">
+<tr><th class="r">
+ <b>ARGUS.</b><br/>
+ Argus-Motoren G.m.b.H., Flottenstrasse 39 and 40,
+ Reinickendorf bei Berlin. Established 1900.
+</th><th>
+ <b>BENZ.</b><br/>
+ Benz &amp; Cie, Mannheim.
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+<p>  70 h.p., 4 cyl., 124�130 (1400 r.p.m.)   254 lbs.<br/>
+ 100 h.p., 4 cyl., 140�140 (1250 r.p.m.)   290 lbs.<br/>
+ 150 h.p., 6 cyl., 140�140 (1250 r.p.m.)   353 lbs.</p>
+
+<p> Vertical, water-cooled (pump).</p>
+
+<p> H.T. magneto (Bosch).<br/>
+ Mechanical inlets.</p>
+
+<p> <i>Features.</i>--</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p> Cast-iron cylinders.</p>
+<p> Cylinders in pairs.</p>
+<p> Valves one side (single cam shaft).</p>
+<p> Crank shaft on ball bearings, closed and hollow.</p>
+</div>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_265a.jpg" width="100%" alt="100 h.p." title="100 h.p."/>
+    <div class="left">100 h.p.</div>
+   </div>
+
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+ <p>100 h.p., 4 cyl., 130�180 (1250 r.p.m.)   337 lbs.</p>
+
+ <p>Vertical, water-cooled (pump).</p>
+
+<p>2 H.T. magneto (Bosch).<br/>
+ Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+ Forced lubrication.</p>
+
+<p><i>Features.</i>--</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+ <p>Cast-iron cylinder, steel jackets.</p>
+ <p>Single cylinders.</p>
+ <p>All valves overhead (single cam shaft).</p>
+ <p>Crank shaft hollow oil 5 metal bearings.</p>
+</div>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_265b.jpg" width="100%" alt="BENZ." title="BENZ."/>
+   </div>
+
+<p> This engine won the Kaiser's prize of 50,000 marks.</p>
+
+</td></tr>
+
+<tr><th class="r bt"><b>DELFOSSE (radial.)</b></th><th class="bt"><b>DELFOSSE (rotary.)</b></th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+ <p>24-30 h.p., 3 cyl., 110�130 (1500 r.p.m.) 100 lbs.<br/>
+ 30-40 h.p., 3 cyl., 120�140 (1400 r.p.m.) 120 lbs.<br/>
+ 35-45 h.p., 4 cyl., 110�130 (1500 r.p.m.)<br/>
+ 50-70 h.p., 4 cyl., 120�140 (1500 r.p.m.)<br/>
+ 50-60 h.p., 6 cyl., 110�130 (1500 r.p.m.)<br/>
+80-100 h.p., 6 cyl., 120�140 (1500 r.p.m.)</p>
+
+ <p>Radial air-cooled.<br/>
+ H.T. magneto (or 6 volt accumulator).<br/>
+ Automatic inlets.<br/>
+ Forced lubrication.</p>
+
+ <p><i>Features.</i>--</p>
+
+ <p>Special metal cylinders.</p>
+ <p>Very large valve chambers.</p>
+ <p>Chrome nickel crankshaft and big ends.</p>
+ <p>Water-cooling fitted if required at a 10% increase
+ of weight.</p>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_265c.jpg" width="100%" alt="DELFOSSE RADIAL." title="DELFOSSE RADIAL."/>
+    <div class="left">DELFOSSE RADIAL.</div>
+   </div>
+
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+<p>30 h.p., 3 cyl. (1500 r.p.m.)<br/>
+50 h.p., 5 cyl., 110�130 (1400 r.p.m.)<br/>
+70 h.p., 7 cyl., 110�138 (1200 r.p.m.)</p>
+
+<p>Rotary air-cooled.<br/>
+H.T. magneto (Bosch).<br/>
+Overhead valves.<br/>
+Automatic inlets.<br/>
+Steel cylinders.<br/>
+Crank shaft on ball bearings.</p>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_265d.jpg" width="100%" alt="DELFOSSE." title="DELFOSSE."/>
+    <div class="left">DELFOSSE.</div>
+   </div>
+
+</td></tr>
+
+<tr><th class="r bt">
+<!-- Page 9c --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_9c" id="Page_9c">[Pg 9c]</a></span>
+ <b>DIXI.</b>
+ Dixi Luftfahrt-u-Bootsmotoren-Verkaufsgesellschaft<br/>
+ m.b.H., Bulowstr. 11, Berlin W. 25. Established 1911.
+</th><th class="bt">
+ <b>HILZ.</b><br/>
+ Hilz Motorenfabrik G.m.b.H., F�rstenwallstr. 189,
+ D�sseldorf.
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+ <p> 50 h.p., 4 cyl., 100�140 (1400 r.p.m.)     198 lbs.<br/>
+  75 h.p., 4 cyl., 120�170 (1300 r.p.m.)     308 lbs.<br/>
+ 100 h.p., 4 cyl., 140�200 (1200 r.p.m.)     452 lbs.</p>
+<p> Vertical, water-cooled (pump).</p>
+
+<p> H.T. magneto (Bosch).<br/>
+ Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+ Forced lubrication.</p>
+
+<p> <i>Features.</i>--</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p> Cast-iron cylinders, copper jackets.</p>
+ <p>Single cylinders.</p>
+<p> Overhead inlets (single cam shaft).</p>
+<p> Crank shaft, hollow, on 3 metal bearings.</p>
+</div>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_266a.jpg" width="100%" alt="100 h.p." title="100 h.p."/>
+    <div class="left">100 h.p.</div>
+   </div>
+
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+<p> 25-30 h.p., 3 cyl., 105�130 (1400 r.p.m.)        ?<br/>
+    50 h.p., 5 cyl., 105�130 (1400 r.p.m.)        ?</p>
+
+<p> Radial, air-cooled.<br/>
+ H.T. magneto (Bosch).<br/>
+ Automatic inlets.<br/>
+ Splash and forced lubrication.<br/>
+ Steel cylinders.<br/>
+ Crank shaft, hollow, on white metal bearings.</p>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_266b.jpg" width="100%" alt="HILZ." title="HILZ."/>
+   </div>
+
+</td></tr>
+
+<tr><th class="r bt" colspan="2"><b>MERCEDES-DAIMLER.</b><br/>
+Daimler Motoren G.m.b.H., Stuttgart-Unterturkheim.
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+<p>70 h.p., 4 cyl., 120�140 (1400 r.p.m.)   276 lbs.<br/>
+70 h.p. (as above, but <i>inverted</i>)  298 lbs.<br/>
+90 h.p., 6 cyl., 105�140 (1350 r.p.m.)   309 lbs.</p>
+
+<p>Vertical, water-cooled (pump).<br/>
+H.T. magneto (Eismann in the 70, two Bosch in
+the 90).<br/>
+Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+Forced lubrication.</p>
+
+<p><i>Features</i> of the 70's--</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p>Cast-iron cylinders (in pairs).</p>
+<p>Overhead valves.</p>
+<p>Single cam shaft.</p>
+<p>Crank shaft, hollow, on metal bearings.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p><i>Features</i> of the 90.--</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p>Steel cylinders, with steel jackets.</p>
+<p>2 carburetters (Mercedes-Daimler), <i>otherwise
+as the 70's</i>.</p>
+</div>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_266c.jpg" width="100%" alt="90 h.p." title="90 h.p."/>
+    <div class="left">90 h.p.</div>
+   </div>
+
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_266d.jpg" width="100%" alt="70 h.p. Mercedes-Daimler." title="70 h.p. Mercedes-Daimler."/>
+    <div class="left">70 h.p. Mercedes-Daimler.</div>
+   </div>
+
+</td></tr>
+<tr><th class="r bt">
+ <!-- Page 10c --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_10c" id="Page_10c">[Pg 10c]</a></span>
+ <b>N.A.G.</b><br/>
+ Neue Automobile Ges. m.b.H., Berlin-Oberschoneweide.
+</th><th class="bt">
+ <b>OTTO ("A.G.O.")</b><br/>
+ Gustav Otto, G.m.b.H., Karlstrasse 72, Munich.
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+<p> 60 h.p., 4 cyl., 118�100 (1400 r.p.m.)   254 lbs.<br/>
+ 95 h.p., 4 cyl., 135�165 (1350 r.p.m.)   353 lbs.</p>
+
+<p> Vertical, water-cooled (pump).</p>
+
+<p> H.T. magneto (Bosch), 2 in the 95 h.p.<br/>
+ Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+ Forced lubrication.</p>
+
+<p> <i>Features.</i>--</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p> Cast-iron cylinders, copper jackets.</p>
+<p> Cylinders in pairs.</p>
+<p> Single cam shaft.</p>
+<p> Overhead valves.</p>
+<p> Crank shaft, hollow, on 5 metal bearings.</p>
+</div>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_267a.jpg" width="100%" alt="95 h.p." title="95 h.p."/>
+    <div class="left">95 h.p.</div>
+   </div>
+
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+<p> 50 h.p., 4 cyl., 110�150 (1400 r.p.m.)   199 lbs.<br/>
+ 70 h.p., 6 cyl., 110�150 (1400 r.p.m.)   287 lbs.<br/>
+100 h.p., 4 cyl., 140�150 (1300 r.p.m.)   353 lbs.</p>
+
+<p> Vertical, water-cooled (pump).</p>
+
+<p> H.T. magneto (Bosch).<br/>
+ Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+ Forced lubrication.</p>
+
+<p> <i>Features.</i>--</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p> Cast-iron cylinders.</p>
+<p> Single cylinders, all connected by long bolts
+ and nuts.</p>
+<p> Overhead valves in the 100 h.p. Side valves
+ in the 50 and 70.</p>
+<p> Single cam shaft.</p>
+<p> Crank shaft hollow, on metal bearings.</p>
+</div>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_267b.jpg" width="100%" alt='OTTO ("A.G.O.")' title='OTTO ("A.G.O.")'/>
+   </div>
+
+</td></tr>
+
+<tr><th class="r bt"><b>ROTOR.</b></th><th class="bt"><b>SYLPHE.</b></th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+<p> 70 h.p., 7 cyl., 110�150 (1100 r.p.m.)   199 lbs.<br/>
+ 90 h.p., 9 cyl., 110�150 (1100 r.p.m.)   243 lbs.</p>
+
+<p> Rotary, air-cooled.</p>
+
+<p> H.T. magneto.<br/>
+ Automatic inlets.<br/>
+ Forced lubrication (fresh oil).</p>
+
+<p> <i>Features.</i>--</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p> Steel cylinders.</p>
+<p> Single cylinders.</p>
+<p> Overhead valves.</p>
+<p> Crank shaft, hollow, on ball bearings.</p>
+</div>
+
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+<p> 40 h.p., 5 cyl., 110�130 (1200 r.p.m.)   ? lbs.</p>
+
+<p> Rotary, air-cooled.</p>
+
+<p> H.T. magneto (Eismann).<br/>
+ Automatic inlets.<br/>
+ Forced lubrication (fresh oil).</p>
+
+<p> <i>Features.</i>--</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p> Chrome nickel steel cylinders.</p>
+<p> Single cylinders.</p>
+<p> Overhead valves.</p>
+<p> Crank shaft, hollow, on metal bearings.</p>
+</div>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_267c.jpg" width="100%" alt="30-40 h.p." title="30-40 h.p."/>
+    <div class="left">30-40 h.p.</div>
+   </div>
+
+</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<p><!-- Page 11c --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_11c" id="Page_11c">[Pg 11c]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="ITALIAN_E" id="ITALIAN_E"></a><b>ITALIAN.</b></h2>
+
+<table class="motor" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="ITALIAN MOTORS.">
+<tr><th class="r">
+   <b>CAPRONI &amp; FACCANONI.</b><br/>
+ Soc. di Aviazione Ing<span class="sup">ri</span> Caproni &amp; Faccanoni,
+            Vizzola Ticino.
+</th><th>
+ (<i>Dirigibles only.</i>) <b>FIAT.</b><br/>
+ Fabbrica Italiano Automobile Torino, 30-35
+        Corso Dante, Turin (Torino).
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+<p>  60 h.p.,  6 cyl., 105�130 176 lbs.<br/>
+ 120 h.p., 12 cyl., 105�130  ? lbs.</p>
+
+<p> Radial, air-cooled.</p>
+
+<p> H.T. magneto.<br/>
+ Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+ Forced lubrication.</p>
+
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+<p>  60 h.p., 4 cyl., 150�200 (1200 r.p.m.)   220 lbs.<br/>
+ 200 h.p., 4 cyl., 170�250 (1200 r.p.m.)  1443 lbs.</p>
+
+<p>  Vertical.</p>
+
+<p>  H.T. magneto and accumulators.<br/>
+  Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+  Forced lubrication.</p>
+
+<p>  <i>Features.</i>--</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p>  Enclosed valves.</p>
+<p>  Single cast-iron cylinders.</p>
+</div>
+</td></tr>
+
+<tr><th class="r bt">
+ <b>GNOME.</b><br/>
+ Fab. Italiana Mot. Gnome, 73 Strada Venaria,
+               Turin (Torino).
+</th><th class="bt">
+ <b>ITALA.</b><br/>
+ Itala Fabbrica Automobili, Barriera Orbassano,
+ Turin (Torino).
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+Works of the Italian built Gnome engines.
+</td><td style="width:50%" rowspan="3">
+
+<p>50-55 h.p., 4 cyl., 115�140 (1500 r.p.m.) 397 lbs.</p>
+
+<p>Vertical, water-cooled (pump).</p>
+
+<p>H.T. magneto.<br/>
+Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+Forced lubrication.</p>
+
+<p><i>Features.</i>--</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p>Cylinders in pairs.</p>
+<p>Overhead inlets.</p>
+<p>Automatic carburetter.</p>
+</div>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_268.jpg" width="100%" alt="ITALA." title="ITALA."/>
+   </div>
+
+</td></tr>
+
+<tr><th class="r bt">
+(<i>Dirigibles only.</i>) <b>ISOTTA-FRASCHINI.</b><br/>
+Fabbrica Automobili Isotta-Fraschini, 79 Via
+               Monte Rosa, Milan.
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+<p> 100 h.p., 4 cyl., 130�180  (  r.p.m.)     662 lbs.<br/>
+ 500 h.p., 8 cyl., 150�200  (  r.p.m.)    1543 lbs.</p>
+
+<p> Vertical.</p>
+
+<p> H.T. magneto.<br/>
+ Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+ Forced lubrication (pump).</p>
+
+<p> <i>Features.</i>--</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p> Overhead inlets.</p>
+<p> Horizontal exhausts.</p>
+<p> Special radiation.</p>
+<p> Zenith carburetter.</p>
+</div>
+
+</td></tr>
+
+<tr><th class="r bt">
+<!-- Page 12c --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_12c" id="Page_12c">[Pg 12c]</a></span>
+ <b>L. U. C. T.</b><br/>
+ Ladetto-Ubertalli &amp; Cavalchini, Via Cavalli.-Angolo
+ Via Circonvallazione Turin (Torino).
+</th><th class="bt">
+ <b>S. P. A.</b><br/>
+ Societ� Ligure Piemontese Automobili, Barriera
+ Crocetta, Turin.
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+<p>  50 h.p., 7 cyl., 110�120 ? lbs.<br/>
+  80 h.p., 9 cyl., 110�120 ? lbs.<br/>
+ 100 h.p., 9 cyl., 122�150 ? lbs.</p>
+
+<p> Rotary, air-cooled.</p>
+
+<p> H.T. magneto.<br/>
+ Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+ Forced lubrication.</p>
+
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+<p> 40-50 h.p., 4 cyl., 95�150 (1200 r.p.m.)  199 lbs.</p>
+
+<p> Horizontal, water-cooled (pump).</p>
+
+<p> H.T. magneto and accumulators.<br/>
+ Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+ Forced lubrication.</p>
+
+<p> <i>Features.</i>--</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p> Two pistons per cylinder.</p>
+<p> Ball bearings throughout.</p>
+</div>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_269a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Dirigible engine." title="Dirigible engine."/>
+    <div class="left"><i>Dirigible engine.</i></div>
+   </div>
+
+<p> There is also a vertical 160 h.p. dirigible engine.</p>
+
+</td></tr>
+
+</table>
+
+
+
+<h2><a name="SWISS_E" id="SWISS_E"></a><b>SWISS.</b></h2>
+
+<table class="motor" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="SWISS MOTORS.">
+<tr><th class="r">
+ <b>OERLIKON.</b><br/>
+ Soci�t� Oerlikon Suisse de Machines Outils, Oerlikon.
+</th><th> </th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+<p>55 h.p., 4 cyl., 100�200 (1200 r.p.m.)      176 lbs.</p>
+
+<p>Horizontal opposed, water-cooled (pump).</p>
+
+<p>H.T. magneto (2 circuits for 2 sets of plugs).<br/>
+Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+Forced lubrication.</p>
+
+<p><i>Features.</i>--</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p>Steel cylinders (copper jackets).</p>
+<p>Single cylinders.</p>
+<p>Overhead valves.</p>
+<p>Single cam shaft.</p>
+<p>2 carburetters (one for each pair of cylinders).</p>
+<p>Crank shaft, solid, on ball bearings.</p>
+<p>Open crank case.</p>
+</div>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_269b.jpg" width="100%" alt="OERLIKON." title="OERLIKON."/>
+   </div>
+
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+
+</td></tr>
+
+</table>
+
+
+
+
+<p><!-- Page 13c --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_13c" id="Page_13c">[Pg 13c]</a></span></p>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="USA_E" id="USA_E"></a><b>U.S.A.</b></h2>
+
+<table class="motor" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="U.S.A. MOTORS.">
+<tr><th class="r">
+ <b>ADAMS-FARWELL.</b><br/>
+ 21, Athol Street, Dubuque, Iowa.
+</th><th>
+ <b>ALBATROSS.</b><br/>
+ Albatross Co., Detroit, Mich.
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+<p>36 h.p., 5 cyl., 102� 88 (1200 r.p.m.)     97 lbs.<br/>
+63 h.p., 5 cyl., 142�127 (1200 r.p.m.)    250 lbs.<br/>
+72 h.p., 5 cyl., 152�152                  285 lbs.</p>
+
+<p>Rotary horizontal.</p>
+
+<p>H.T. magneto.<br/>
+Special valves.</p>
+
+<p><i>Features.</i>--</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p>No flywheel.</p>
+<p>All valves in cylinder head, actuated by a
+single push and pull lever worked by a
+single cam. Valves close outwardly and
+are held shut by centrifugal force.</p>
+<p>Variable lift.</p>
+<p>Exhaust ports.</p>
+<p>Mechanical oil feed.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>Engine weights are "fully complete."</p>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_270a.jpg" width="100%" alt="ADAMS-FARWELL." title="ADAMS-FARWELL."/>
+   </div>
+
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+<p> 50 h.p., 6 cyl., 113�125 (1230 r.p.m.)   250 lbs.<br/>
+100 h.p., 6 cyl., 137�125                 275 lbs.</p>
+
+<p>Radial. The 50 is air-cooled, the 100 water-cooled.</p>
+
+</td></tr>
+
+<tr><th class="r bt">
+ <b>CALL.</b><br/>
+ Aerial Navigation Co. of America, Girard, Kansas.
+</th><th class="bt">
+ <b>CURTISS.</b><br/>
+ Curtis Aeroplane Co., Hammondsport, N.Y.
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+<p>  50 h.p., 2 cyl., 150�131 185 lbs.<br/>
+ 100 h.p., 4 cyl.  325 lbs.</p>
+
+<p> Horizontal opposed, water-cooled.</p>
+
+<p> Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+ Magneto ignition (Bosch).<br/>
+ Special silencer.<br/>
+ Vanadium iron cylinders.<br/>
+ Forced lubrication.</p>
+
+<p> <i>Features.</i>--</p>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_270b.jpg" width="100%" alt="CALL." title="CALL."/>
+   </div>
+
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+<p> 40 h.p., 4 cyl., (1100 r.p.m.)           ? lbs.<br/>
+ 75 h.p., 8 cyl., 100�100 (1100 r.p.m.) 250 lbs.<br/>
+ also<br/>
+ 60 h.p., 6 cyl., (1350 r.p.m.)           ? lbs.</p>
+
+<p> 40 and 75, <b>V</b> shape, water-cooled (pump).<br/>
+ 60, vertical water-cooled (pump).</p>
+
+<p> H.T. magneto (Bosch dual).<br/>
+ Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+ Splash and forced lubrication.</p>
+
+<p> <i>Features.</i>--</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p> Single cylinders, copper jackets.</p>
+<p> All valves in cylinder heads, actuated by rocking
+ levers from single cam shaft.</p>
+</div>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_270c.jpg" width="100%" alt="CURTISS." title="CURTISS."/>
+   </div>
+
+</td></tr>
+
+<tr><th class="r bt">
+  <!-- Page 14c --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_14c" id="Page_14c">[Pg 14c]</a></span>
+  <b>DETROIT AEROPLANE CO.</b><br/>
+  Detroit Aeroplane Co., Detroit, Mich.
+</th><th class="bt">
+  <b>ELBRIDGE.</b><br/>
+  Elbridge Engine Co., 10, Culver Road, Rochester,
+  N.Y.
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+ <p>30-40 h.p., 2 cyl., 127�127 (1200 r.p.m.) 110 lbs.</p>
+
+<p> 2 cycle horizontal, air-cooled.</p>
+
+<p> H.T. magneto.<br/>
+ Automatic inlets.<br/>
+ Splash lubrication.</p>
+
+<p> <i>Features.</i>--</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p> All valves in cylinder heads operated by a
+ single cam.</p>
+<p> Valves easily detached.</p>
+<p> Very large valves.</p>
+<p> Schebler carburetter.</p>
+</div>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_271a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Over-all length of the 30/40 is 19 in." title="Over-all length of the 30/40 is 19 in."/>
+    <div class="left">Over-all length of the 30/40 is 19 in</div>
+   </div>
+
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+<p> 40 h.p., 4 cyl., 123�114             198 lbs.<br/>
+ 60 h.p., 6 cyl., 123�114             257 lbs.</p>
+
+<p> Vertical, water-cooled. Valveless. Oil in gas.</p>
+
+<p> <i>Features.</i>--Extra large bearings.</p>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_271b.jpg" width="100%" alt="ELBRIDGE." title="ELBRIDGE."/>
+   </div>
+
+</td></tr>
+
+<tr><th class="r bt">
+  <b>HALL-SCOTT.</b><br/>
+  Hall-Scott Motor Car Co., San Francisco, Cal.
+</th><th class="bt">
+ <b>KEMP (GREY EAGLE).</b><br/>
+ Kemp Machine Works, Muncie, Ind.
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+<p>  30 h.p., 4 cyl., 100�100 142 lbs.<br/>
+  40 h.p., 4 cyl., 100�125 150 lbs.<br/>
+  60 h.p., 8 cyl., 100�100 235 lbs.<br/>
+  80 h.p., 8 cyl., 100�125 270 lbs.<br/>
+ 100 h.p.                    ? lbs.</p>
+
+<p> First two are vertical, the others<br/>
+ V type, water-cooled (pump).      <br/>
+ H.T. magneto (Bosch).             <br/>
+ Mechanical inlets.                <br/>
+ Pump lubrication.                 </p>
+
+<p> Cast-iron cylinders.              <br/>
+ All valves overhead.              <br/>
+ Copper jacketted.                 <br/>
+ Special Stromberg carburetter.    <br/>
+ Special radiators.                </p>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_271c.jpg" width="100%" alt="HALL-SCOTT." title="HALL-SCOTT."/>
+   </div>
+
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+<p class="center">1912 <i>models</i>:</p>
+
+<p>  35 h.p., D 4 cyl., 100�113   ? lbs.<br/>
+  50 h.p., E 6 cyl., 100�113 260 lbs.</p>
+
+<p class="center">1913 <i>models</i>:</p>
+
+<p>  16 h.p., G 2 cyl.  lbs.<br/>
+  35 h.p., I 4 cyl.  lbs.<br/>
+  55 h.p., H 6 cyl.  lbs.<br/>
+  75 h.p., J 8 cyl.  lbs.</p>
+
+<p>  Vertical, air-cooled.</p>
+
+<p>  H.T. magneto.<br/>
+  Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+  Pump lubrication.</p>
+
+<p>  <i>Features.</i>--</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p>  Overhead valves.</p>
+<p>  Extra large exhausts in centre of cylinders.</p>
+<p>  Special semi-steel (grey iron) cylinders.</p>
+<p>  Designed to work at 350�-400� Faht.</p>
+</div>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_271d.jpg" width="100%" alt="KEMP (GREY EAGLE)." title="KEMP (GREY EAGLE)."/>
+   </div>
+
+</td></tr>
+
+<tr><th class="r bt">
+<!-- Page 15c --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_15c" id="Page_15c">[Pg 15c]</a></span>
+  <b>KIRKHAM.</b>         <br/>
+  C. Kirkham, Savona, N.Y.
+</th><th class="bt">
+  <b>MAXIMOTOR.</b>               <br/>
+  Maximotor Makers, Detroit, Mich.
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+ <p> 45 h.p., 4 cyl., 105�120 (1400 r.p.m.) 180 lbs.<br/>
+  65 h.p., 6 cyl., 105�120 (1300 r.p.m.) 235 lbs.<br/>
+  75 h.p., 6 cyl.,    �    (1300 r.p.m.) 255 lbs.<br/>
+ 110 h.p., 8 cyl., 105�120 (1200 r.p.m.) 310 lbs.</p>
+
+<p> Vertical, water-cooled (pump).                  </p>
+
+<p> H.T. magneto (Bosch, 2 spark). <br/>
+ Forced lubrication.                             </p>
+
+<p> <i>Features.</i>--                              </p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p> Cast iron cylinders and pistons.                </p>
+<p> Patent poppet-sleeve valves.                    </p>
+</div>
+
+   <div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_272a.jpg" width="100%" alt="KIRKHAM." title="KIRKHAM."/>
+   </div>
+
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+  <p>   50 h.p., 4 cyl., 113�127 ( r.p.m.) 200 lbs. <br/>
+  60-70 h.p., 4 cyl., 127�127 ( r.p.m.)     lbs. <br/>
+  70-80 h.p., 6 cyl., 157�127 ( r.p.m.)     lbs. <br/>
+ 80-100 h.p., 6 cyl.,         ( r.p.m.)     lbs. <br/>
+    100 h.p., 4 cyl., 150�150 ( r.p.m.)     lbs. <br/>
+    150 h.p., 6 cyl., 150�150 ( r.p.m.)     lbs. </p>
+
+  <p>Vertical, water-cooled (pump).                 </p>
+
+ <p> H.T. magneto (Bosch or Mea).                   <br/>
+  Mechanical inlets (automatic in the 50 and 70.)<br/>
+  Forced lubrication.                            </p>
+
+ <p> <i>Features.</i>--                             </p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+ <p> Started from aviator's seat.                   </p>
+ <p> Double plugs.                                  </p>
+ <p> Half compression fitted.                       </p>
+<p>  Crank shaft, hollow, on 3 ball bearings.   </p>
+</div>
+
+</td></tr>
+
+<tr><th class="r bt">
+  <b>ROBERTS.</b>                   <br/>
+  Roberts Motor Co., Sandusky, Ohio.
+</th><th class="bt">
+   <b>STURTEVANT.</b><br/>
+   B. F. Sturtevant Co., Hyde Park, Boston, Mass.
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+<p> 50 h.p., 4 cyl., 113�125               165 lbs.<br/>
+ 75 h.p., 6 cyl., 113�125 (1100 r.p.m.) 240 lbs.</p>
+
+<p> Vertical, 2 cycle, water-cooled (pump).        </p>
+
+<p> H.T. magneto.                                  <br/>
+ Rotary inlets.                                 <br/>
+ Forced lubrication.                            </p>
+
+<p> <i>Features.</i>--                             </p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p> 2 carburetters.                                </p>
+<p> Special magneto advance.                       </p>
+<p> Babbit bearings.                               </p>
+<p> Very large hollow crank shaft.                 </p>
+<p> Special metal cylinders (aerolite).            </p>
+<p> Special by-pass.                               </p>
+<p> Rotary inlets.                                 </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+    <img src="images/ill_272b.jpg" width="100%" alt="ROBERTS." title="ROBERTS."/>
+</div>
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+<p> 40 h.p., 4 cyl., 113�113 (1300 r.p.m.)  200 lbs. <br/>
+ 60 h.p., 6 cyl., 113�113 (     r.p.m.)  285 lbs. </p>
+
+<p> H.T. magneto (Mea).<br/>
+ Mechanical inlets.<br/>
+ Pressure feed lubrication.</p>
+
+<p> <i>Features.</i>--</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p> Semi-steel cylinders (jackets cast with them).</p>
+<p> Single cylinders.</p>
+<p> Single cam shaft.</p>
+<p> No overhead valves.</p>
+<p> Exhaust valve lifters.</p>
+<p> Nickel steel hollow crank shaft (5 bearings in
+ the 4 cyl., 7 in the 6 cyl.)</p>
+</div>
+</td></tr>
+
+<tr><th class="r bt">
+  <!-- Page 16c --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_16c" id="Page_16c">[Pg 16c]</a></span>
+  <b>WELLES &amp; ADAMS.</b>   <br/>
+  Wells &amp; Adams, Bath, N.Y.
+</th><th class="bt">
+   <b>WRIGHT.</b>               <br/>
+   The Wright Co., Dayton, Ohio.
+</th></tr>
+<tr><td style="width:50%" class="r">
+<p> 50 h.p., 4 cyl. 200 lbs.                 </p>
+
+<p> Vertical, water-cooled (pump).           </p>
+
+<p> H.T. magneto.                    <br/>
+ Mechanical inlets (overhead).            <br/>
+ Forced lubrication.                      </p>
+
+<p> <i>Features.</i>--                       </p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p> Single cylinders (large brass jackets).  </p>
+<p> Double plugs.                            </p>
+<p> No valve cages.                          </p>
+<p> Chrome nickel crank shaft, on 5 bearings.</p>
+</div>
+</td><td style="width:50%">
+<p> 30 h.p., 4 cyl., 112�100 (1650 r.p.m.) 190 lbs.
+ 50 h.p., 6 cyl., 112�100 (1150 r.p.m.) 230 lbs.</p>
+
+<p> Vertical, water-cooled (pump).              </p>
+
+<p> H.T. magneto.                              <br/>
+ Rotary valves.                                 <br/>
+ Pump lubrication.                              <br/>
+ Silencer fitted.                               </p>
+
+</td></tr>
+
+</table>
+
+<p><b>Note.</b></p>
+
+<p>There are a good many other U.S. engines of
+little or no account. The majority of these are
+merely more or less accurate copies of well-known
+European engines, and none of them have any
+vogue.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<p><!-- Page 1d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_1d" id="Page_1d">[Pg 1d]</a></span></p>
+
+<h2 class="right"><a name="Part_D" id="Part_D"></a><b><span class="smcap u">Part D.</span></b></h2>
+
+<h2>AERIAL "WHO'S WHO," DIRECTORY &amp; INDICES.</h2>
+
+
+<p><b>Note.</b>&mdash;So far as possible the directory lists are exhaustive for the entire world. Anyone accidentally omitted is requested to
+communicate with the Manager, <i>All the World's Air-craft</i>, 5, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.</p>
+
+
+<h3>SUB-HEADS OF THIS SECTION.</h3>
+
+
+<div class="nlist" style="width:45%">
+<p><a href="#AERIALWHOSWHO">"WHO'S WHO" IN AVIATION.</a></p>
+
+
+<h4><b>DIRECTORY:</b></h4>
+
+<p>
+<a href="#CARBURETTERS">CARBURETTERS.</a><br />
+<a href="#FABRICS_FOR_AEROPLANES_AND_DIRIGIBLES">FABRICS.</a><br />
+<a href="#GARMENTS_FOR_AVIATION">GARMENTS FOR AVIATION.</a><br />
+<a href="#HANGAR_AND_SHED_BUILDERS">HANGAR AND SHED BUILDERS.</a><br />
+<a href="#INSURANCE_AVIATION">INSURANCE.</a><br />
+<a href="#LUBRICANTS">LUBRICANTS.</a><br />
+<a href="#MAGNETOS">MAGNETOS.</a><br />
+<a href="#MISCELLANEOUS_ACCESSORIES">MISCELLANEOUS ACCESSORIES.</a><br />
+<a href="#PACKERS_AND_SHIPPERS">PACKERS AND SHIPPERS.</a><br />
+<a href="#PATENT_AGENTS_Aerial_Specialists">PATENT AGENTS.</a><br />
+<a href="#PETROL">PETROL.</a><br />
+<a href="#PROPELLERS">PROPELLERS.</a><br />
+<a href="#RADIATORS">RADIATORS.</a><br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="nlist" style="width:45%">
+<h4><b>INDICES:</b></h4>
+
+<p>
+<a href="#ALPHABETICAL_INDEX_OF_AEROPLANES">ALPHABETICAL AEROPLANES.</a><br />
+<a href="#ALPHABETICAL_INDEX_OF_DIRIGIBLES">ALPHABETICAL DIRIGIBLE TYPES.</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+<p><!-- Page 2d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_2d" id="Page_2d">[Pg 2d]</a></span></p>
+
+<h2><a name="AERIALWHOSWHO" id="AERIALWHOSWHO"></a><b>AERIAL WHO'S WHO.</b></h2>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>ADER (Clement), Chateau de Ribonnet, Beaumont-sur-Leze
+(Haute-Garonne, France). Born 1841. Officer Leg.
+d'Hon. Experimented from 1892. His <i>Avion</i> flew 300
+metres at Satory, 12th October, 1897. This was the first
+flight ever made by a power machine in Europe. One of
+his early machines is in the <i>Arts et Metiers</i> Museum,
+Paris.</p>
+
+<p>ALEXANDER (H. I. H. Grand Duke), Michailovitch of
+Russia, Xenia Palace, St. Petersburg. Born 1866.
+Admiral of the Russian Navy. Prime mover in anything
+having to do with aviation in Russia.</p>
+
+<p>ALEXANDER (Patrick Y.), 2 Whitehall Court, London,
+S.W. Donor of the &pound;1000 Patrick Alexander prize for
+British Aerial engines. Founder and supporter of various
+aerial clubs and societies.</p>
+
+<p>ANDRE (Ing. A.), 82 Rue d'Amsterdam, Paris. Editor
+<i>Revue Francaise de Construction Automobile et
+Aeronautique</i>. Writer on aviation. Experimenter.</p>
+
+<p>ARBUTHNOT (C. B.) (Major General H. T.) Chairman of
+the Aerial League of the British Empire.</p>
+
+<p>ARCHDEACON (Ernest), 77 Rue de Prony, Paris. Born
+1863. Chev. Legion d'honneur. Vice-President <i>Ligue Nat.
+Aerienne</i>. Barrister. From 1884 made balloon ascents.
+In 1904 made glider experiments with Gabriel Voisin.
+Giver of the Archdeacon Cup, won by Santos Dumont,
+29th October, 1906. Also part giver with Deutsch of the
+Deutsch-Archdeacon prize, for a Kilometre flight, closed
+circuit, won by Henry Farman, 13th January, 1908.</p>
+
+<p>ARNOUX (R&eacute;ne), 45 Rue du Ranelagh, Paris. Born 1858.
+Vice-President Tech. Com. A.C.F. Designer of the
+electric motor of the <i>Tissandier</i> dirigible, 1882. Member
+Soc. Civil Eng. and Soc. Internat. Elec. Contributor to
+<i>Omnia</i>, etc. Inventor of the <i>Arnoux</i> biplane.</p>
+
+<p>ATTWOOD (Harry). Well-known American aviator. In
+August, 1911, covered 1,435 miles in eight days.</p>
+
+<p>AUFFM-ORDT. (Swiss). 2 Avenue Hoche, Paris. Pioneer
+Aviator.</p>
+
+<p>AVERY, American pioneer aviator, associated with Herring,
+Chanute, and others.</p>
+
+
+<p>BACON (<i>late</i> Rev.), British prominent aeronaut and lecturer.</p>
+
+<p>BACON (Miss), daughter of the above. Aeronaut and lecturer.</p>
+
+<p>BADEN-POWELL (Major, B.), F.R.A.S., F.R. Met. Soc.,
+late Scots Guards. 32 Prince's Gate, London, S.W.
+Inventor of the Baden-Powell Box Kite. President of the
+Aeronautical Society from 1902 to 1909. Early experimenter
+and investigator with aeroplanes. Lecturer.
+Editor of <i>Aeronautics</i>.</p>
+
+<p>BALDWIN (Capt. Thomas S.), 78 Maddison Square, New
+York. Well known U.S. Aeronaut of many years
+standing. Invented the <i>Baldwin</i> dirigible.</p>
+
+<p>BALSAN (Jacques), 52 Quai Debilly, Paris. Born 1868.
+Aeronaut from 1905. Made an altitude record of 8,558
+metres. In 1906 went by balloon, Paris to England. Vice-President
+<i>Aero Club de France</i>.</p>
+
+<p>BANNERMAN (Major Sir Alexander, Bart.) In command of
+the British Army Air Battalion, 1911.</p>
+
+<p>BARBER. British. Aeronautical Syndicate, 1909-12.
+<i>Valkyrie</i> type, etc., etc.</p>
+
+<p>BARNWELL. British. Instructor 1912, Vicker's School.</p>
+
+<p>BARRA. Well known French aviator.</p>
+
+<p>BASENACH. German. Associated with Major Gross in
+producing the <i>M</i> type German dirigibles.</p>
+
+<p>BARTON (Dr.) Built the first British dirigible in 1904.
+Capacity, 235,000 c.f.</p>
+
+<p>BATHIAT (Georges). Frenchman. After only one hour's
+tuition at the Hanriot School, secured his certificate at
+Rheims, October, 1910. Brother of the Bathiat who flew
+a <i>Breguet</i>.</p>
+
+<p>BAUMANN (Otto), Berlin. Second German to fly.</p>
+
+<p>BAUMANN. French. Instructor at the Ewen School in 1912.</p>
+
+<p>BEACHEY (Lincoln). American subject. In August, 1911,
+reached 11,578 feet (3,527 m.)&mdash;world's record to that date.
+Flew Niagara, 27th June, 1911, in a <i>Curtiss</i>.</p>
+
+<p>BEATTY (George W.) American aviator. At the Chicago
+meet, August, 1911, he made the world's passenger flight
+duration trip in 3 hours, 42 minutes, 22 seconds. Also
+made American records for 2 man altitude 3080 feet and
+3 man duration on a <i>Wright</i>.</p>
+
+<p>BECKE (Captain). British Army. In December, 1912, made
+a (to that date) record flight&mdash;Flamborough to Plymouth,
+and later back again&mdash;4&frac12; hours out; 2 hours back,
+excluding landings en route.</p>
+
+<p>BEESE (Nellie). First German lady to get her pilot certificate,
+which she did on a <i>Rumpler</i>.</p>
+
+<p>BELL (Dr. Alexander Graham Bell). Canadian. One of
+the founders of the Aerial Exp. Assoc. in U.S.A. Began
+experiments 1894. Inventor of the Tetratedal, etc.</p>
+
+<p>BENDALL. British. Instructor Bristol School at Brooklands,
+1912.</p>
+
+<p>BERGET (Alphonse). French subject. Professor Inst.
+Oceanographique. Past President Soc. Francoise de
+Nav. Ae. Author of <i>La Conquete de L'Air</i>.</p>
+
+<p>BERNARD. French. Tester for <i>Farmans</i> 1912-13.</p>
+
+<p>BERRIMAN (A. E.) British. 44, St. Martin's Lane,
+London, W.C. Technical editor of <i>Flight</i>. Author of
+<i>Principles of Flight</i>, etc., etc.</p>
+
+<p>BERSON (Prof. Arthur), Haupstrasse 9, Lehlendorp,
+Germany. Born 1859. Austrian. Well-known author on
+meteorological and similar subjects affecting aviation.</p>
+
+<p>BESANCON (Georges), 35 Rue Francois I., Paris. Born
+1866. Chev. Leg. d'Hon. Editor of <i>L'Aerophile</i>.
+Secretary Ae. C.F. Experimented with balloons from
+1886 onward.</p>
+
+<p>BESSONNEAU (J. B. Lieut. de reserve), 29 rue de Louvre,
+Paris. French. Born 1880. Pioneer aviation helper.
+Produced special steel cables of high resistance; also the
+well known Bessonneau <i>hangars demontables</i>. Organised
+the first town-to-town flights, 1910; also first Grand
+Prix, 1912.</p>
+
+<p>BEZOLD (Professor Wilhelm Von), Director of the
+Meteorological Institute, Berlin, etc. Author of several
+works on aeronautics, etc.</p>
+
+<p>BISS (Gerald), British, 1, Melina Place, Grove End Road,
+London, N.W. Automobile correspondent of the
+<i>Standard</i>. Aviation expert.</p>
+
+<p>BLANCHARD. Frenchman. 1753-1809. First man to cross
+the English Channel in a balloon (1781).</p>
+
+<p>BLAND (Lillian E., Miss), Carnmoney, Belfast, Ireland.
+First woman aviator to design and build her own machine,
+<i>The Mayfly</i>. Has since ceased.</p>
+
+<p>BLERIOT (Louis), 56 Boulevard Maillot, Paris. Chev.
+Legion d'Honneur. Inventor of the <i>Bleriot</i> monoplane.
+Pioneer. Experimented from 1906. Has had more falls
+than any other aviators. First man to fly the Channel,
+which he did in <i>Bleriot XI.</i>, 25th July, 1909. Member,
+Com. d'Aviation of the Ae. C.F.</p>
+
+<p>BIELOVUCIC. Peruvian. Flew the Alps, 1912. Well
+known aviator.</p>
+
+<p>BISS (Gerald). 1, Melina Place, Grove End Road, London,
+N.W. Well-known writer on automobile and aviation.</p>
+
+<p>BOCKLIN. Swiss. 1827-1901. In 1850 became interested in
+aviation. In 1881 built gliders and a model aeroplane.
+Triplane, 1881. Biplanes, 1882-1887. In 1888 a monoplane
+with electric motor.</p>
+
+<p>BOLOTOFF (Prince), Reigate Priory, Reigate, England.
+Russian subject. Pioneer aviator.</p>
+
+<p>BOOM (J. A.) Editor of the <i>De Luchtvaart</i>, Ged. Aude
+gracht 144, Haarlem.</p>
+
+<p>BORGNIS (Achille), 48 Rue d'Universit&eacute;, Paris. Early
+experimenter and inventor. Vice-President of the Com.
+d'Aviation Aeronautiques Club de France. Member Ae.
+C.F. (See aviators.)</p>
+
+<p>BOOTHBY (Lieut. F. L. M.) British Navy. Served on
+board the <i>Hermione</i> when she was mother ship for
+aviation and aeronautics. Holds certificates for both
+aeroplanes and dirigibles.</p>
+
+<p>BOSQUET (Chev. du), 8 Place de la Concorde, Paris. Chev.
+de l'Ordre de Leopold. Sec. Commission auto-a&eacute;rienne.</p>
+
+<p>BOUTTIEAUX (Col.) In command French military aviation,
+1911-13.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 3d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_3d" id="Page_3d">[Pg 3d]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>BRACKE (Albert), 11 Chemin de Saint-Denis, Casteau-Mons,
+Belgium. Engineer. Editor <i>L'Aero Mecanique</i>. Inventor
+of the <i>Bracke</i> and <i>Misson</i> monoplane. Author on
+aerial matters.</p>
+
+<p>BREGUET (Louis Charles), 31 Rue Morel, Donai (Nord),
+France. Born 1880. Began experimenting June, 1906,
+and in July, 1908, his gyroplane flew 20 yards at a height of
+14 feet. President de la Section du Nord de la Ligue Nat.
+A&eacute;rienne.</p>
+
+<p>BRERETON (J.). British. Instructor at British Deperdussin
+School, 1912.</p>
+
+<p>BREWER (W.). Author of a standard technical work, <i>The
+Art of Aviation</i>. Formerly manager of Grahame-White
+&amp; Co. Writer on aerial matters.</p>
+
+<p>BRINDLEY (Oscar). American citizen. In August, 1911, he
+made 11,726 feet, at Chicago. These figures were afterwards
+stated to be incorrect, so the record was not
+allowed.</p>
+
+<p>BROOKINS, U.S.A. Up to August, 1910, held world's
+height record, 6,338 feet (1,922 m.), made in a <i>Wright</i> at
+Atlantic City, U.S.A. Badly injured in an accident,
+August, 1910.</p>
+
+<p>BUIST (A. Massac). Well-known British writer on aviation
+subjects. Technical contributor to <i>Morning Post</i>,
+<i>Country Life</i>, etc., etc.</p>
+
+<p>BURGEAT (Captain). The first French Officer after Captain
+Ferber to take up flying. He purchased <i>Antoinette VI</i>.&mdash;the
+first <i>Antoinette</i> sold to the public.</p>
+
+<p>BUSTEED (Harry). Australian. <i>Bristol</i> pilot in the British
+Military Competition, 1912.</p>
+
+<p>BUTLER (Frank Hedges). F.R.G.S., 155 Regent Street,
+London, W. Founder of the R. Ae. C. Crossed the
+Channel in a Balloon 1905. Member Ae. C. F.</p>
+
+<p>BUTTENSTEDT (Carl). 95a, Friedrichshaven Str,
+Berlin. Born 1845. Author of aviation works and early
+experimenter over many years. Designer of aeroplanes,
+etc.</p>
+
+
+<p>CAILLETET (Louis Paul), 75 Boulevard S. Michel, Paris.
+Officer Leg. d'Hon. Doctor. President Ae. C. F.</p>
+
+<p>CALDERARA (Lieut.). Italian Navy. Sent to France to
+study aviation in 1908. Has made many good flights ever
+since. In 1912-13 produced a naval hydro-aeroplane of his
+own design.</p>
+
+<p>CAPAZZA (Louis). Frenchman. Born 1862. Head of the
+Clement-Bayard Works.</p>
+
+<p>CAPPER (Col.). Formerly in command of British Army
+aviation headquarters, Farnborough, 1909-10.</p>
+
+<p>CASSINONE (Alexander), Nordpolstr. 2, Vienna. Leading
+Figure in Austrian aeronautical circles.</p>
+
+<p>CASTAGNIERIS (Capt. Guido), 70 via della Muratte, Rome.
+Founder and secretary leading Italian aero clubs, etc.</p>
+
+<p>CASTILLON DE SAINT-VICTOR (Comte G. de), 74 Avenue
+Marceau, Paris. Born 1870. Aeronaut since 1898. Did
+a trip, Paris to Sweden. Treasurer Ae. C. F., 1911.</p>
+
+<p>CATERS (Baron de), Berchem-les-Anvers, Belgium. Born
+1875. Motorist of renown in the early days. Early
+aviator pioneer.</p>
+
+<p>CATTANEO. Italian. Well-known aviator since 1910.</p>
+
+<p>CARDEN (Capt.). Experimental officer, appointed 1911, to
+British Army Air Battalion.</p>
+
+<p>CAUMONT (<i>late</i> Lieut.). French aviator. Killed in a
+<i>Nieuport</i> monoplane, December 30th, 1910.</p>
+
+<p>CAYLEY (George, Sir). Experimented about a hundred
+years ago with models and man-carrying gliders. Also
+wrote on Aviation, and is known as "the Father of
+Aviation."</p>
+
+<p>CHANDLER (Capt. C. de F.) Commanding Signal Aviation
+School, U.S.A.</p>
+
+<p>CHANUTE (Octave), U.S.A. Frequently alluded to as "the
+father of aviation." In company with Herring he joined
+Langley in 1905. He did much work with gliders. He
+propounded the theory that little was to be learned from
+studying birds. Discovered that the greatest lift was
+obtained from a plane flat in front and arched from the
+side. Died November, 1910. Aged 78.</p>
+
+<p>CHATLEY (Professor H.), B.Sc, Imperial Eng. Col. Tientsin,
+China. Britisher. Author of <i>The Force of the Wind</i>
+(Griffin &amp; Co.), and an authority on aviation matters in
+general.</p>
+
+<p>CHAVEZ (Georges). Peruvian aviator, resident in France.
+Maker of many records. First aviator to fly the Alps,
+22nd September, 1910. Fatally injured on that occasion.</p>
+
+<p>CHEREAU. Frenchman. London manager of the Bleriot
+Co. and Bleriot School at Hendon.</p>
+
+<p>CHOENDEL (<i>late</i>). German aviator, who made an altitude
+record of 1680 metres with a passenger. Killed on alighting.</p>
+
+<p>CLEMENT (Gustave Adolphus), 33 Quai Michelet, Levallois-Perret
+(Seine), France. Born 1855. Officer Leg. d'Hon.
+Creator of the <i>Clement-Bayard</i> dirigibles, etc.</p>
+
+<p>COCKBURN (Geo. B.), Gloucester, England. One of the
+first Englishmen to take up aviation.</p>
+
+<p>CODY. American; naturalised British, 1909. Inventor of the
+Cody kite. Employed by the British War Office for
+aviation work, 1905-1909. Inventor of Cody biplanes.
+Won Michelin prize 1910 and 1911. One of the best-known
+British aviators. In August 1912, made a biplane
+speed record of 72.4 m.p.h. Constructor.</p>
+
+<p>COLLOMB. Frenchman. Early experimenter with flappers,
+etc.</p>
+
+<p>COLMORE (Cyril). British. Ae.C. Pilot 15. Flying partner
+with the late Cecil Grace. Now given up flying.</p>
+
+<p>COLSMAN (Alfred), Friedrichshaven, Germany. Director of
+the Zeppelin Co., etc.</p>
+
+<p>CONNEAU (Lieut.) French Navy. Winner of the <i>Daily
+Mail</i> &pound;10,000 prize, 1911, with a <i>Bleriot</i>. Winner of the
+Paris to Rome and the Circuit of Europe races, 1911.
+Flies under the name of "Beaumont."</p>
+
+<p>CORNU (Paul), 24 Rue de la Gare, Lisieux, France. Pioneer
+experimenter with helicopters. In 1908 one of his inventions
+rose 16 inches.</p>
+
+<p>CROCCO (Lieut.) Italian. Had a good deal to do with the
+designing of the <i>Ricaldoni</i> dirigible.</p>
+
+<p>CROOKSHANK (Major C. de W.), R.E. Prominent supporter
+of aviation. Member of the R. Ae. C. Committee,
+1910-11.</p>
+
+<p>CURTISS (Glen. H.), Hammondsport, N.Y., U.S.A. Won
+the Gordon Bennett in 1909 on the <i>Curtiss</i>. Formerly a
+member of the Aerial Experiment Association, out of
+which the <i>Curtiss</i> was evolved. Is Ae. C.F. Pilot 2.
+Head of the Curtiss Aeroplane Co.</p>
+
+
+<p>DAHLBECK (Lieut.). First Swedish naval aviator. Trained
+in England.</p>
+
+<p>DAVELNY. Commandant French Navy. Appointed 1911,
+to take command of French naval aviation.</p>
+
+<p>DAUCOURT. Frenchman. First pilot to fly from Paris to
+Berlin, 16th April, 1913. Average speed 100 k.p.h. Time
+12 hours, 32 minutes, including two stops.</p>
+
+<p>DE BAEDAR (F.), 7 Rue Rameau, Paris. Editor <i>Revue
+Sportive de l'Aviation et de l'Automobile</i>.</p>
+
+<p>DE DION (Marqus), 104 Avenue des Champs Elys&eacute;es, Paris.
+Born 1856. Principal founder and Hon. President
+Ae. C. F.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 4d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_4d" id="Page_4d">[Pg 4d]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>DE HAVILAND (G.) British aviator. Designer of a
+biplane and a motor purchased by the War Office, in
+December, 1910. He was subsequently engaged by the
+Government for work on Salisbury Plain. In August,
+1912, made the British altitude record to date of 9,500 feet
+with a passenger.</p>
+
+<p>DELAGRANGE (the <i>late</i> Leon). Born 1872. French
+sculptor. Took up aviation early in 1907. He purchased
+<i>Voisin No. I.</i>, which made its first trials 28th February,
+1907. Subsequently engaged in experiments with Archdeacon.
+In 1908 bought a <i>Voisin No. III.</i> Later on got a
+<i>Bleriot</i>. Killed 4th January, 1910, at Croix d'Hins,
+Bordeaux, in a <i>Bleriot</i>. Was Ae. C. F. pilot 3.</p>
+
+<p>DEMANEST (Rene). French. 25, rue d'Orleans, Neuilly
+sur Seine. Began flying an <i>Antoinette</i> in 1909. Won
+the Ae. C. F. prize.</p>
+
+<p>DEPERDUSSIN. (See machines).</p>
+
+<p>DEPREZ (Marcel). Frenchman. Writer on Aerial subjects.</p>
+
+<p>DESBLEDS (L. Bein). Lecturer on Aeronautical Engineering,
+Polytechnic, London.</p>
+
+<p>DEUTSCH (Henri de la Meurth), 4 Place des Etats-Unis,
+Paris. Officer Leg. d'Hon. Founder member of the Ae.
+C.F. Donor of the prize of 100,000 francs won by Santos
+Dumont, 19th October, 1901. Owner of the dirigible
+<i>Ville de Paris</i>. Vice-Pres. Legue Nat. A&eacute;rienne. Donor
+in part of the Deutsch Archdeacon prize. Offered 1909 to
+found a Technical Institute of Aviation, Paris University.</p>
+
+<p>DICKSON (Captain). Ex-British Army officer. The first
+British aviator to distinguish himself at an International
+flying meet.</p>
+
+<p>DOUTRE. French lawyer, interested in aviation. Invented
+a stabilising device in which Maurice Farman was
+interested.</p>
+
+<p>DREXEL (A.) Scotland. American citizen. Made world's
+record at Lanark, 12th August, 1910, in a <i>Bleriot</i>,
+6,750 feet (2,057 m.), beating previous record of
+Brookins.</p>
+
+<p>DRIVER. British aviator. Flew in first aerial post, 1911.</p>
+
+<p>DRZEWIECKI (Stefan), 62 Rue Boileau, Paris. Russian.
+Born 1844. Chev. Leg. d'Hon. In 1885 investigated
+aviation in connection with bird flight. Well known
+otherwise as an inventor of submarines, torpedo tubes, etc.</p>
+
+<p>DU CROS (Harvey), M.P., 14 Regent Street, London, S.W.
+Born 1876. Takes considerable interest in aviation.
+Member of the Parliamentary Committee thereon.</p>
+
+<p>DUFAUX (Armand). Swiss. He and his brother Henry
+were interested in aviation in 1903, and in 1904 built an
+helicopter. In 1909 the first Swiss aeroplane built by them
+appeared.</p>
+
+<p>DUNNE (Lieut.), Eastchurch, Sheppey, Kent, England.
+Ex-British Army officer. Engaged by British War Office
+to carry out heavier than air experiments immediately
+after the aeroplane had been demonstrated a possibility.
+(See <i>Dunne</i> in part I.)</p>
+
+<p>DUPUY DE LOME. Frenchman. Made a hand-propelled
+dirigible in 1870-72.</p>
+
+<p>D&Uuml;RR (Ludwig). German. Born 1878. Chief engineer
+Zeppelin works.</p>
+
+<p>DUTRIEU (Mdlle. H&eacute;l&egrave;ne). Belgian. Second woman to
+take up aviation.</p>
+
+
+<p>EFIMOFF (Michael). Russian. Made his first appearance
+in France early in 1910. (Ae. C. F. pilot 31). Distinguished
+himself on <i>H. Farmans</i> and <i>Sommers</i>. On his
+return to Russia he was made chief instructor of the
+special school of the Volunteer Aerial Association.</p>
+
+<p>ELLEHAMMER (J. C. H.), Istedgade 119, Copenhagen.
+Commenced aviation studies in 1905. On 12th Sept., 1906,
+he made a flight&mdash;the first in Europe since Ader.</p>
+
+<p>ELLYSON (Lieut. T. G.) U.S. Navy. In company with
+Lieut. Towers made the first flights ever made in a
+hydro-aeroplane.</p>
+
+<p>ELY (Eugene B.) American. Was the first to fly successfully
+off a warship, which he did in a <i>Curtiss</i> biplane on
+January 19th, 1911, from the U.S. cruiser <i>Pennsylvania</i>.
+Killed 1911.</p>
+
+<p>ENGLEHARDT (Kapitan). Prominent figure in German
+aeronautical and aviation circles. Writer on aerial
+subjects. Began flying in 1910, in which year he won
+several prizes. Killed 1911.</p>
+
+<p>EQUIVELLY (Marquis d'), 2 Place Wagram, Paris.
+Pioneer aviator, with a queer multiplane, 1907.</p>
+
+<p>ERBSLOCH (the <i>late</i> Oscar). Well known aeronaut.
+Inventor of a German dirigible, the <i>R. M. W. G.</i>, afterwards
+named after him. He was killed in it with four
+others, July, 1910.</p>
+
+<p>ESDAILE. British. Pioneered aviation displays in India,
+1912.</p>
+
+<p>ESNAULT-PELTERIE (Robert), 149 Rue de Silly, Billancourt
+(Seine), France. Early experimenter with aeroplanes.
+Flew the first <i>R.E.P.</i>, October, 1907. Designer
+of the <i>R.E.P.</i> engine.</p>
+
+<p>ESPITALLIER (Georges), 25 Rue St. Petersburg, Paris.
+Associated with the late Col. Renard in early dirigible
+experiments. Author of many aeronautical works.</p>
+
+<p>ETRICH (Igo), Rotunde, Vienna II. Pioneer aviator with
+Wels. Designer of the <i>Etrich</i> monoplane&mdash;the first
+Austrian machine to fly.</p>
+
+<p>EVANS (William Evans), 1428, Charlotte Street, Kansas
+City, Mo. Purchased a biplane built by Dr. William
+Greene, who has since given up aeroplane building.
+Evans made a number of exhibitions in the middle West,
+but had given up flying by summer of 1911.</p>
+
+<p>EWEN (W. H.) British. Head of the School for British
+<i>Caudron</i>.</p>
+
+
+<p>"F. A. I." Federation of the leading Aero Clubs of all
+countries, for control of International Aviation Meets,
+Pilot certificates, etc., etc. The bulk of certificates were
+first obtained in France, but in 1910 they were made
+obtainable in any country from its own Ae. C., under
+identical rules. No aviator may compete in any International
+event without a certificate. Aviation has now
+more or less outgrown the F.A.I, on account of the
+virtual disappearance of private aviation events before
+military interests; but it did excellent service in its time
+and is still of considerable indirect value.</p>
+
+<p>FARMAN (Henri), 22 Avenue de la Grande Arm&eacute;e, Paris.
+Born in Paris, 1874, but is of English descent. Chev.
+Leg. d'Hon. First a racing cyclist, then racing motorist.
+Took up aviation. Bought <i>Voison No. II</i> (known as
+"<i>Farman I.</i>"). On January 13th, 1908, he won the
+Deutsch-Archdeacon prize for covering a triangular course
+of one kilometre. In 1909 designed and built his own
+machine. Won the Michelin cup in 1909, making the
+record of 4 h. 17 min. 35 2.5s. in the air. Ae. C. F. pilot 5.
+In 1910, did 8 h. 12 mins. in the air, covering 288&frac34; m. (463 km.)</p>
+
+<p>FARMAN (Maurice), 3 Rue Villaret de Joyeuse, Paris. Brother
+of above. Went in for aeronautics and motor racing. Bought
+<i>Voisin No. IV</i> at an early stage of aviation. He fitted
+this with alterations of his own, and subsequently evolved
+the <i>M. Farman</i> biplane. Ae. C. F. pilot 6.</p>
+
+<p>FAURE (Jacques), 32 Rue Washington, Paris. Born 1873.
+Has long been prominent in aeronautical circles. Has
+crossed the Channel five times in gas bag balloons. Owns
+the <i>Faure</i> dirigible. Member of Committee Ae. C. F.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 5d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_5d" id="Page_5d">[Pg 5d]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>FELIX (Capt.) In 1911 in charge of the Bleriot Military
+School at Etampes.</p>
+
+<p>FERBER (the <i>late</i> Capitane), flew as "De Rue." Born
+1862 at Lyon. Commenced experiments with gliders in
+1899 on Lilieuthal lines. In 1903 he built a power-driven
+machine. He taught Gabriel Voisin how to fly gliders.
+In 1908 was very active and flew several machines. Killed
+in a <i>Voisin</i>, 22nd September, 1909.</p>
+
+<p>FERNANDEZ (the <i>late</i>). A Spanish tailor, resident in
+Paris, killed in 1909 in a machine of his own design.</p>
+
+<p>FISHER (E. U. B.) First flew on a <i>Hanriot</i>, early in 1911.
+August, 1911, engaged as pilot by Messrs. Vickers.</p>
+
+<p>FOKKER (Antony), Haarlem, Holland. Born in Java, 1890.
+Designed a monoplane in 1911 with special stabilising
+device. He flew this at Johannisthal. Subsequently
+started a company.</p>
+
+<p>FOURNY. French. On September 11th, 1912, broke all
+previous distance and duration records by flying, non-stop,
+13 hours, 22 minutes in <i>M. Farman</i>. Renault motor.
+Distance 1,017 km. (631 miles) at Etampes, France.</p>
+
+<p>FRISBIE (J. J.) American aviator. Killed in a <i>Curtiss</i> at
+Norton, Kan., having been driven to fly in unsuitable
+weather by the jeers of a hostile crowd.</p>
+
+<p>F&Uuml;RSTENBERG (Prince). Austrian. President of the
+Centre Aeronautical Committee, formed in June, 1912.</p>
+
+
+<p>GALANSCHIKOFF (Mdlle.) Russian. On November 22nd
+at Johannisthal, made world's altitude record for lady
+fliers with 2,400 meteres.</p>
+
+<p>GARROS. French aviator. Came in second in Paris to
+Rome and the Circuit of Europe races, 1911. Up to
+November, 1911, held world's height record (13,000 feet).
+Made in a <i>Bleriot</i>.</p>
+
+<p>GASNIER (Ren&eacute;), 1 Rue Scribe, Paris. Winner of many
+prizes in balloon events. French champion for the 1907
+Gordon-Bennett. On Committee of Ae. C. F. Hon.
+President Ae. C. d'l'Ouest. Inventor of an aeroplane,
+1908.</p>
+
+<p>GAST (Madame C. Crespin du), 12 Rue Levoux, Paris.
+Well-known in aeronautical circles.</p>
+
+<p>GASTAMBIDE (Robert), 27 Boulevard de Courcelles, Paris.
+Born 1882. Civil engineer. Took great interest in aviation
+at the start. Designed the <i>Gastambide-Mengin</i> from
+which <i>Antoinettes</i> were evolved. This was the first
+monoplane to carry a passenger (September, 1908.)</p>
+
+<p>GELEYNS (C.) Editor of the <i>Avia</i>, Wynbrugstreet 13,
+Rotterdam.</p>
+
+<p>GERRARD (Lieut.), R.M.L.I. British. August 17th, 1911,
+made world's passenger record to date, 4 hours, 13
+minutes, on <i>Short</i> No. 34.</p>
+
+<p>GIFFARD (H.) Britisher, resident in France. In 1850
+built the first practical dirigible. It had a steam motor.
+In 1852 it made a controlled speed of about 5 m.p.h.</p>
+
+<p>GILBERT. French. On March 28th, 1913, flew from Lyons
+to Villacoublay in 3 hours, 10 minutes, a world's record to
+date from town to town non-stop.</p>
+
+<p>GILL (Howard). U.S.A. aviator. In October, 1911, flew
+for 4 hours 16 minutes 35 seconds in a <i>Wright</i>. American
+record to that date.</p>
+
+<p>GILMOUR (Graham). British. Pilot Ae. C.F., April, 1910.
+In 1911, flying a <i>Bristol</i>: with which many of his flights
+have been directly or indirectly of a highly sensational
+nature. These have included a flight alleged to be over
+London (reported to R. Ae. C.&mdash;case dismissed), flying
+low over Henley Regatta (certificate suspended, with
+subsequent litigation). Won second prize in the Brooklands-Brighton
+Race, May, 1911. Killed February, 1912.</p>
+
+<p>GIBERT. French aviator who made records, 1911.</p>
+
+<p>GLAZEBROOK (Dr. R. T.), C.B., F.R.S. Director of the
+British National Physical Laboratory.</p>
+
+<p>GLIDDEN (Charles J.) The well-known American motorist.
+Founder of many of the U.S.A. Ae. clubs.</p>
+
+<p>GODARD (Louis), 170 Rue Legendre, Paris. Builder of the
+<i>America</i> Wellman Arctic Airship; inventor of the Godard
+Kite-Balloon; designer and builder of the <i>La Belgique</i>,
+etc., etc.</p>
+
+<p>GORDON-BENNETT (James), 104 Avenue des Champs
+Elysees, Paris. American citizen. Owner of the <i>New
+York Herald</i>. Giver of the Gordon-Bennet aviation
+Prize. Previous to this he had instituted a similar event
+for motor cars, and few, if any, have done so much to
+advance the International sporting side of automobilism.</p>
+
+<p>GOUPY (Ambrose), 59 Avenue Marceau, Paris. An early pioneer
+in aviation experiments&mdash;had the first triplane built for
+him by <i>Voisins</i>. Now a well known constructor.</p>
+
+<p>GRACE (<i>late</i> Cecil). Naturalised British subject, ex-Chilian.
+Lost at sea while competing for the Baron de Forest
+prize, December, 1910.</p>
+
+<p>GRADE (H.), Magdeburg, Germany. First man to fly in
+Germany. He did this on a Grade triplane early in 1909.
+Now a well known German constructor.</p>
+
+<p>GRAHAME-WHITE (Claude), 1 Albemarle Street, Piccadilly,
+London. Pilot 30 Ae. C. F. on a <i>H. Farman</i>.
+Attempted to win the <i>Daily Mail</i> &pound;10,000 London-Manchester
+prize, 1910. Gordon Bennett, 1911. Now
+constructor.</p>
+
+<p>GREENE (Dr. W.), Treasurer, Aeronautic Society, U.S.A.
+Has done a great deal to advance aviation in the U.S.A.
+Designer of the <i>Greene</i> biplane&mdash;a machine which in no
+way infringed the Wright patents.</p>
+
+<p>GRESWELL. British aviator. Flew in first aerial post, 1911.</p>
+
+<p>GREY (Chas. G.), 166 Piccadilly, London, W. Editor of the
+<i>Aeroplane</i>. Well-known writer on aerial matters,
+formerly as "Aero-Amateur," later under his own name.
+By 1912, had come to occupy a unique position of his own
+by an uncompromising statement of facts without regard
+to other circumstances.</p>
+
+<p>GROSS (Major). In command of the German war dirigibles.
+Designer of the <i>M</i> type. (<i>Gross</i>).</p>
+
+<p>GRUBB (Capt. A. H. W.) D.S.O., R.E. Prominent supporter
+of aviation. Member of R. Ae. C. Committee,
+1910-11.</p>
+
+<p>GUILLEMEAU (R.), 82 Rue d'Amsterdam, Paris. Editor
+<i>Revue Francaise, de Const. Autble et Aeronautique.</i></p>
+
+
+<p>HAENLEIN (Paul). German, 1835-1905. Early experimenter
+with dirigibles. Inventor of the "semi-rigid" system.</p>
+
+<p>HAMEL (Gustav). British. Well-known aviator. Winner
+of Brooklands-Brighton Race, May, 1911. Flew the first
+British aerial mail, 1911. In April, 1913, on behalf of the
+London <i>Standard</i>, made a non-stop flight with a
+passenger London to Cologne in a <i>Bleriot</i>. Many other
+famous flights.</p>
+
+<p>HAMMOND (J. J.) Australian. Pilot 258, Ae. C. F., on a
+<i>Sanchis Besa</i>, 4th October, 1910. In 1911, visited
+Australia with a <i>Bristol</i>, when he made many sensational
+flights.</p>
+
+<p>HARGRAVE (Lawrence), Sydney, N.S.W., Australia. A
+pioneer in aviation, 1890-95. Experimenter with and
+inventor of box kites.</p>
+
+<p>HARKNESS (Harry). American aviator. Has made various
+records.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 6d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_6d" id="Page_6d">[Pg 6d]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>HARMON, (Clifford B.) One of the best-known U.S.A.
+amateur aviators. Made U.S.A. time record (2h. 3m.),
+2nd July, 1910.</p>
+
+<p>HARRISON (Eric). Australian subject. Instructor of the
+Bristol school at Lark Hill, Salisbury Plain, 1912.</p>
+
+<p>HARRISON (Lieut. L. C. R.) British R. F. C. Killed 28th
+April, 1913, in the famous <i>Cody</i> which won the British
+Military Aeroplane competition.</p>
+
+<p>HAULT (Adhemar de la), 214 Rue Royale, Brussels. Editor
+of <i>La Conq&ucirc;ete de l'air</i>. Well-known aviation pioneer.
+Interested in Ornithopters.</p>
+
+<p>HAWKER (H. G.) Australian subject. On October 24th
+made British duration record to date&mdash;8 hours 23 mins.
+in <i>Sopwith</i> biplane. Awarded the Michelin Cup, 1912.</p>
+
+<p>HEKKING (R.) Frenchman. In September, 1909, carried
+out experiments with a biplane glider of 7 m. span and
+25 m&sup2;. surface. He rose to a height of 25 m., and is
+stated to have remained stationary for 5 minutes. Not
+confirmed, however.</p>
+
+<p>HELEN. French aviator. Has appeared in various competitions
+since early in 1911.</p>
+
+<p>HENDERSON (Brig. Gen.) British Army. First general
+to obtain British R. Ae. C. aviator certificate. Flying
+under the name of "Davidson" he obtained his
+certificate on a <i>Bristol</i>, at Brooklands, after seven days'
+training.</p>
+
+<p>HENRY, Prince of Prussia. Well known for practical interest
+in motoring and aviation. Has driven his own car in
+races, and is a certificated aerial pilot for Germany.</p>
+
+<p>HENSON. Died 1842. Projected a steam-driven monoplane
+early in the XIX century.</p>
+
+<p>HERRING (A. M.), Freeport, Long Island, U.S.A. Started
+the study of aviation 1894. With Langley, 1895. With
+Chanute, 1896. Joined Ae. Exp. Assoc. and associated
+with Curtiss in the <i>Herring-Curtiss</i>. Subsequently (1910)
+with Burgess in the <i>Herring-Burgess</i>.</p>
+
+<p>HERVE (Henri), 1 Rue Hautefeuille, Paris. Well-known
+authority on matters aeronautical. Author, etc.</p>
+
+<p>HEWLETT (Mrs. Maurice) ("Madame Franck"). First
+lady aviator to obtain a British R. Ae. C. certificate.</p>
+
+<p>HILDEBRAND (Kapitan Alfred), 10 Martin-Lutherstrasse,
+Berlin W. 30. Retired from German Army. A very well-known
+aeronaut. Owner of a Baldwin dirigible. Author
+of many works on aeronautics and aviation&mdash;the best
+known German writer on these subjects.</p>
+
+<p>HINTERSTOISSER (Hauptmann Franz), Luisenstrasse 35,
+Vienna V. Commanding Austro-Hungarian Aeronautical
+service. 1911-12.</p>
+
+<p>HIRTH (Helmuth). German. Made German passenger
+altitude record to date, at Johannistal, September-October,
+1911. Height 2475 metres. Many other records. The
+best known of all German aviators.</p>
+
+<p>HOFFMAN (Joseph). German. Built a steam-driven
+aeroplane in 1906.</p>
+
+<p>HOLDEN (Col. H. C. L.) R.A.F.R.S. Prominent supporter
+of aviation. Member of the R. Ae. C. Committee,
+1910-11.</p>
+
+<p>HOWARD-FLANDERS. See British Aeroplanes, Part A.</p>
+
+<p>HOWARD-WRIGHT. British. Early designer (<i>see</i> Part B).
+In January, 1913, became manager of S. White &amp; Co., of
+Cowes.</p>
+
+<p>HOUDINI (Harry). British. The famous "Handcuff King"
+flew a <i>Voisin</i> so long ago as November 2nd, 1909. He
+took it to Australia and won the first aeroplane flight
+prize there. He is the first to have taken out a "third
+party" insurance, which he did with the Albingia-Versicherungs-Aktien-gesellschaft,
+Hamburg, Germany, on
+November 29th, 1909. The policy was for 150,000 marks.</p>
+
+<p>HUBERT. French aviator. Flew in the first British aerial
+post and was badly injured.</p>
+
+<p>HUCKS (B. B.) British aviator. Has made several fine
+exhibition flights on a <i>Blackburn</i>. First man to make the
+double journey across the Bristol Channel, also to carry
+out wireless telephone experiments with aeroplane.</p>
+
+<p>HUNTINGDON (Prof. A. K.), 14 Buckingham St., Charing
+Cross, London, W.C. Born 1856. Balloon expert, 1906-1908.
+Connected with the <i>Dunne</i> machines. Member of
+the R. Ae. C. Committee, 1910-11.</p>
+
+<p>HURLBERT (Dr. Dane), Vermont, Lucerne, Switzerland.
+U.S.A. citizen. Experimenter in original types of
+aeroplanes, 1909-11</p>
+
+
+<p>ILLNER. First man to fly in Austria, which he did on an
+<i>Etrich</i>.</p>
+
+<p>ISSATIER. French private soldier who obtained three
+weeks' leave and secured his flying certificate at Betheny
+after fourteen days, in a <i>Deperdussin</i>.</p>
+
+<p>ISENDAHL (Walther). German. Holsteinstrasse 21,
+Berlin-Wilmersdorf. Leading authority on aerial and
+boat motors.</p>
+
+
+<p>JANE (Fred T.), The Hill, Bedhampton, Hants, England.
+Naval author, founder and editor of <i>All the World's
+Air-craft</i>.</p>
+
+<p>JANNUS (Antony). American. Well-known aviator.</p>
+
+<p>JATHO (Karl), Stader Chausse 22, Hanover, Germany. Born
+1873. Pioneer aviator from 1893. Has built various
+machines&mdash;none very satisfactory.</p>
+
+<p>JEANNIN (Emil), Berlin. Prominent German aviator.</p>
+
+<p>JEFFERIES (Dr. John). 1760-1820 <i>about</i>. American.
+Accompanied Blanchard in the first balloon voyage across
+the English Channel, 1784.</p>
+
+<p>JENKINS (F. Conway). In May, 1911, obtained his certificate
+(74) after only four flights on a <i>Roe</i> biplane.</p>
+
+<p>JOHNSTONE (St. Croix). American aviator. 27th July,
+1911, beat American duration records in a flight of 4 hours,
+1 minute, 54 seconds. Distance 176 miles. Killed 1911.</p>
+
+<p>JONES (Ernest L.), 250 West 54 Street, New York. Editor
+of <i>Aeronautics</i> (U.S.A.)</p>
+
+<p>JOSEF FERDINAND (Grand Duke of Austria).
+Enthusiastic aeronaut and moving spirit in aviatory
+matters in Austria.</p>
+
+<p>JOYNSON-HICKS. British M.P. who has specialised in
+endeavouring to advance aviation.</p>
+
+<p>JULLIOT (Henri), 3 Rue de Flandre, Paris. Born 1855.
+Chev. Leg. d'Hon. Technical director of the <i>Lebaudy</i>
+works. Originator of the <i>Lebaudy</i> type of dirigibles.
+Designer of <i>Lebaudy</i> aeroplane. Member of Committee
+Ae. C. F.</p>
+
+
+<p>KAPFERER (Henry), 26 Rue de Clichy, Paris. Chev. Leg.
+d'Hon. Director of the <i>Astra</i> Cie, and the Cie Gen.
+Transaerienne. Part designer of the Clement-Bayard
+dirigibles. Took an early interest in the aeroplane movement,
+and had a biplane built to his own design by Voisins
+in 1907. Also had an early monoplane about the same
+date or a little later. On Committee Ae. C. F.</p>
+
+<p>KASSNER (Carl), Wilhelmstr. 10, Berlin. Professor, German
+writer on technical aviation matters.</p>
+
+<p>KENNEDY (Rankin), British authority on aviation subjects.</p>
+
+<p>KENNEDY. St. Petersburg. British subject. Engineer
+who has studied aviation for many years. In 1911, was
+an honorary aerial adviser to the Russian Government on
+matters aerial.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 7d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_7d" id="Page_7d">[Pg 7d]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>KINDELAN (Captain), Guadalajara, Spain. Born 1879.
+Interested in balloons since 1906. Designer of the Spanish
+military airship <i>Torres Quevedos</i>.</p>
+
+<p>KNIGHT. British. Instructor 1912, Vickers School.</p>
+
+<p>KOENIG. German aviator. Won the 1st prize given by the
+Berliner <i>Zeitung am Mittag</i>. 1,182&frac12; kilos.</p>
+
+<p>KRAUSS. Well-known German aviation engineer. Author
+of many articles.</p>
+
+<p>KRESS (Wilhelm), Waaggasse 13, Vienna. Born 1836. Flew
+a model ornithopter in 1888. Author.</p>
+
+<p>KRIEGER (Hans). German. Formerly chauffeur to the
+Kaiser. Built a monoplane of his own design, and on
+September 5th, 1911, obtained his certificate on it.</p>
+
+
+<p>LAFFONT (<i>late</i> A.) Killed in an <i>Antoinette</i>, December
+28th, 1910.</p>
+
+<p>LAHM (Frank), Washington D.C., U.S.A. Well-known
+aeronaut.</p>
+
+<p>LAMBERT (Albert B.) President of Ae. C. of St. Louis,
+U.S.A. Flies a <i>Wright</i>.</p>
+
+<p>LAMBERT (Count Charles), 74 Rue Charles-Lafitte, Neuilly-sur-seine,
+Paris. Russian subject. Born 1865. Interested
+in aviation 1893 onward. First pupil of Wilbur Wright.</p>
+
+<p>LAMMLIN. German. Killed at Strasburg, May 23rd, 1911.</p>
+
+<p>LANA (Francisco), (1631-1687), (Italian). Jesuit who projected
+flying machines.</p>
+
+<p>LANCHESTER. Author of well-known aerial classic.</p>
+
+<p>LANE (Howard), 50, Parliament Street, Westminster,
+London, S.W. British citizen. Mechanical and Chemical
+Engineer. Born 1852 at Warwick. Government Contractor;
+Birmingham City Councillor, 1895-1900. Honours,
+South Kensington, 1873. Inventions, the Seamless Steel
+Gas Cylinder, 1882; Multiple Stage Gas Compressor, 1884;
+Roller method of Skin Balloon Construction, 1887;
+Regenerative Hydrogen Producing Plant, 1903; Turbine
+Aero-Motor, 1909, etc., etc.</p>
+
+<p>LANGLEY (Samuel Pierpont). Born 1834. Died 1906.
+American pioneer from 1887. Commenced work in 1893
+with Dr. Graham Bell, and later, Herring and Chanute.
+In May, 1896, he flew a large steam-driven model tandem
+monoplane&mdash;the <i>Langley</i> type. Author of <i>Experiments
+in Aero Dynamics</i> and other aerial classics.</p>
+
+<p>LANZ (Karl), Lachnerstrasse 18, Mannheim, Germany.
+Wealthy patron of aviation in Germany. Giver of the
+&pound;2000 Lanz prize won by Grade. Financed the <i>Sch&uuml;tte</i>
+dirigible.</p>
+
+<p>LAROCHE (Madame la Baronne Raymonde de). The first
+lady aviator. Pilot Ae. C. F. 36. Purchased a <i>Voisin</i> in
+the summer of 1909 and entered for International events.
+Badly injured in an accident at Reims, July, 1910. In 1913,
+took up flying again.</p>
+
+<p>LATHAM (Hubert), 7 Rue Rembrandt, Paris. Of English
+descent one side. Pilot 9 Ae. C. F. Director of the
+<i>Antoinette Cie</i>. Attempted to fly the Channel, 1909.
+(1) in <i>Antoinette IV</i>. (2) in <i>Antoinette VII</i>. (3) in
+August, 1910. Maker of many records. Killed by a
+buffalo, 1912.</p>
+
+<p>LA VAULX (Comte Henri de), 2 Rue Gaston de St. Paul,
+Paris. Born 1870. Chev. Leg. d'Hon. Vice-President
+Ae. C. F., and one of its promoters. Founder and Vice-Pres.
+of the F.A.I. Took up aeronautics in 1900, since
+when he had made over 250 ascents. Record holder for
+"gas bags." Owner of a <i>Zodiac</i> dirigible in 1909-10.</p>
+
+<p>LEBAUDY (Robert), 12 Rue de Lubeck, Paris. Sugar
+refiner. Member Ae. C. F. Founder of the <i>Lebaudy
+Dirigible Cie</i>.</p>
+
+<p>LE BLANC (Alfred), 17 Rue Lakanal, Paris. Born 1869.
+Aeronaut in 1904. Winner of the <i>Circuit d' l'Est.</i>,
+Aug., 1910.</p>
+
+<p>LE BLON (<i>late</i>). Frenchman. Born 1875. Killed in a
+<i>Bleriot</i> at S. Sebastien, 2nd April, 1910.</p>
+
+<p>LEF&Egrave;BVRE (Eugene). French aviator. Killed on a
+<i>Wright</i>, 7th September, 1909, at Juvissy.</p>
+
+<p>LEGAGNEUX. In December, 1910, made a flight of nearly
+6 hours, at Pau, (322 mile&mdash;53 m.p.h.) average, in a
+<i>Bleriot</i>.</p>
+
+<p>LESSEPS (Comte Jacques de), 11 Avenue Montaigne, Paris.
+Well-known aviator in the early days.</p>
+
+<p>LEVAVASSEUR. Known in France as "P&eacute;re Levavasseur."
+Chief engineer of the Antoinette Works and <i>deus ex
+machina</i> of the type. He severed his connection early in
+1910, but rejoined in June, 1910, and remained as long as
+the company existed.</p>
+
+<p>LEVE (Pierre), 17 Rue Cassette, Paris. Editor of <i>La
+Revue A&eacute;rienne</i>, official organ of <i>La Ligue Nat.
+A&eacute;rienne</i>.</p>
+
+<p>LILIEUTHAL (Gustav), 5 Marthastrasse, Gross-Lichterfelde,
+Germany. Brother of the late Otto Lilieuthal, whose
+work he has carried on. Author.</p>
+
+<p>LILIEUTHAL (Otto, the <i>late</i>). German subject. Began
+his interest in aviation when 15 years old. In 1889
+published his <i>Bird Flight as a Basis of the Flying
+Art</i>, the result of 25 years observation of sea-gulls and
+storks. In 1891 he made glider flights. In 1895 he
+produced a biplane glider. On 12th Aug., 1896, he was
+killed while experimenting. Lilieuthal was the fountain
+head of modern aviation.</p>
+
+<p>LINKE (Dr. Franz), Kettenhofweg 181, Frankfurt, Germany,
+Scientist. Born 1878. Author of <i>Moderne Luftschiffahrt</i>
+and other works.</p>
+
+<p>LIORE (F.), 4 bis Rue de Corneille, Levallois-Perret, France.
+Early pioneer with the <i>Witzig-Liore-Duthileuil</i>. Since
+then evolved a monoplane.</p>
+
+<p>L&Ocirc;ME (Dupuy de). See DUPUY DE L&Ocirc;ME.</p>
+
+<p>LORIDAN. In July, 1910, in a <i>H. Farman</i> racer broke the
+existing altitude record by making 3,280 m. (10,758ft). Did
+702 km., July, 1911.</p>
+
+
+<p>MALONE (Lieut. Cecil J. L'Estrange). R.N. Navy Wing of
+British R. F. C. Assistant to director of Flying at
+Admiralty, end of 1912.</p>
+
+<p>MAHIEU. In September, 1911, made the world's passenger
+record of 2460 metres (7981 feet) in a <i>Voisin</i>, at Issy.
+Duration of flight 3&frac12; hours.</p>
+
+<p>MANNING (H.) British. Aeroplane designer.</p>
+
+<p>MAREY (Professor). Inventor of the Whirling table, 1870.</p>
+
+<p>MARIE (Capitaine). French Army. On staff of Inspector
+General of Aeronautics.</p>
+
+<p>MARIE (Pierre). Alsatian. Real name was Bournique. He
+made his name on a <i>R.E.P.'s</i>. In May, 1911, he was
+trying a 100 h.p. <i>Deperdussin</i> when the machine capsized
+and fell. He was taken to hospital and died a few hours
+later. His passenger, Lieut. Depuis, was burned to
+death.</p>
+
+<p>MARS ("Bud"). Well-known American aviator. Has more
+than once been reported killed; but always appears again.</p>
+
+<p>MARTIN (Glen L.) Santa Ana, California, U.S.A. Flying
+<i>Curtiss</i> types. Obtained a considerable reputation, and
+local amateur record at Los Angeles meet, end of 1910.</p>
+
+<p>MASSAC BUIST. (See BUIST).</p>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 8d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_8d" id="Page_8d">[Pg 8d]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>MATSIEVITCH (Kapitan). Russian Army. Was Instructor
+of the Military Aviation School at Sevastopol. Killed at
+Sevastopol, 1911.</p>
+
+<p>MAXIM (Sir Hiram), Baldwyn's Park, Kent. Inventor of
+the Maxim gun, etc. American by birth, naturalised
+British subject. Began experiments with propellers, etc.,
+in 1889. In 1890 to 1893 he experimented with a full-sized
+aeroplane, steam propelled. Abandoned the experiments
+after spending &pound;20,000 on them. Resumed work 1909,
+without success. Author of <i>Artificial and Natural
+Flight</i>.</p>
+
+<p>McCLEAN. British aviator. Towards the end of 1910, he
+loaned two <i>Short</i> biplanes to Eastchurch flying ground
+for the training of naval officer in aviation, and himself
+acted as instructor. These were the first machines used
+by the British naval officers, consequently Mr. McClean
+may be regarded as the founder of the British Naval
+Aeroplane Division. Member of the R. Ae. C. Committee.</p>
+
+<p>MENGIN (L.), 2 Rue Debrousse, Paris. Born 1881. Early
+experimenter. Flew in 1908 in the <i>Gastambide-Mengin</i>,
+from which the <i>Antoinette</i> was evolved. Director of the
+late <i>Antoinette Cie</i>.</p>
+
+<p>MERRIMAN. British. Expert Bristol flyer at Brooklands,
+etc., 1912. Instructor.</p>
+
+<p>MESSNER (Haupt. E.), Claridenstr. 36, Zurich. In command
+Swiss military aviation section, 1911-12.</p>
+
+<p>MICHELIN (A. J.), 105 Boulevard Peri&eacute;re, Paris. Born
+1853. Chev. Leg. d'Hon. Director of the well-known
+tyre manufacturers. Donor of the Michelin prize for
+aviation. Founder member Ae. C. F.</p>
+
+<p>MOEDEBECK (Hermann W. L.) Born 1857. Died 1910.
+German author on aerial matters.</p>
+
+<p>MOEDEBECK (Lieut. Col.). German subject. Author of
+<i>Fliegen de Menschen</i> (Salle), a very useful work on
+aviation. Also of a <i>Pocket Book of Aeronautics</i>, etc.</p>
+
+<p>MOINEAU. Frenchman. In August, 1911, with two passengers
+made a record on a <i>Breguet</i>, of reaching 900
+metres in twenty minutes at Douai.</p>
+
+<p>MOISANT (Miss Matilda). Sister of the late J. M. Moisant.
+Second American lady to obtain certificate. Used a
+<i>Moisant</i>.</p>
+
+<p>MOISANT (John). Architect. American citizen, resident
+in Paris. Invented two monoplanes. In Aug., 1910, flew
+the Channel with a passenger in a <i>Bleriot</i>. This was the
+first cross-Channel passenger trip. Killed 1911.</p>
+
+<p>MONTAGU (Lord), of Beaulieu. Editor of <i>The Car
+Illustrated</i>. Prominent in arousing British interest in
+aviation.</p>
+
+<p>MONTGOLFIER (Joseph Michael and Jacques Etienne).
+Frenchmen, who about the year 1780 invented hot air
+balloons. In 1783, one such, of 35 feet diameter, rose to a
+height of about 1,500 feet.</p>
+
+<p>MONTGOMERY (John Professor), U.S.A. citizen. Began
+experiments with gliders in 1884, which he continued till
+his death by accident with one, on 31st October, 1911, at
+Evergreen, Santa Clare, California.</p>
+
+<p>MOORE BRABAZON (J. T. C.), 29 Chesham St., London,
+S.W. Born 1884. Originally sporting motorist; winner
+Circuit des Ardennes, 1907. Took up aviation at an early
+stage. Bought an early <i>Voisin</i> which he named <i>Bird of
+Passage</i>. This machine was later sold to A. George, who
+had a smash in it, and sold it later to Grace. Moore
+Brabazon was the first Britisher to fly. Pilot I, R. Ae C.</p>
+
+<p>MOORHOUSE (W. B. R.), Portholme Aerodrome, Huntingdon.
+British. Has done a good deal of cross country
+flying, 1911. Part inventor of the <i>Radley-Moorhouse</i>
+(R. M.) monoplane, 1911.</p>
+
+<p>MORANE (Leon). Frenchman. Well-known <i>Bleriot</i> pilot.
+Subsequently built the <i>Morane</i> monoplane. Very badly
+injured in an accident, Autumn, 1910.</p>
+
+<p>MOREAU. French amateur. Inventor of a special stabilised
+aeroplane.</p>
+
+<p>MORIS (Colonel). Commanding Italian air battalion, 1911-13.</p>
+
+
+<p>NEMETHY (Emil), Arad, Hungary. Born 1867. Built his
+first effort, a helicopter, in 1899. Has experimented ever
+since, but without much success. Inventor of the <i>Aviette</i>.</p>
+
+<p>NEUMANN. Germany. Author of various very reliable
+works on dirigibles.</p>
+
+<p>NICKEL (Hugo Ludwig), Kahlenbergerstrasse 97, Vienna.
+Born 1867. Aerial author and journalist.</p>
+
+<p>NIMF&Uuml;HR (Dr. Raimund), Lerchengasse 15, Vienna. Born
+1874. Experimentalist 1900 onward. Author.</p>
+
+
+<p>NORTHCLIFFE (Alfred Charles Harmsworth) Lord.
+British subject. Founder and proprietor of the "Daily
+Mail." Donor of many important aviation prizes,
+including the &pound;10,000 London-to-Manchester prize.</p>
+
+
+<p>OERTZ (Max), Holzdamm 40, Hamburg, Germany. Interested
+in gliders. Connected with German North Pole Dirigible
+Expedition. Designer of various aeroplanes.</p>
+
+<p>OGILVIE (A.) Represented Great Britain in both the 1910
+and 1911 Gordon Bennetts. Took fourth place in 1911.
+Average speed, 51 miles per hour. Flew a <i>Wright</i>.
+In December, 1910, flew for nearly 4 hours on a
+<i>Wright</i> over the Camber sands; distance being 139&frac34;
+miles. Associated with the Wright Brothers experiments
+at Kitty Hawk, October, 1911.</p>
+
+<p>O'GORMAN (Mervyn). Well-known authority on aviation
+matters, and Superintendent of the Royal Aircraft
+Factory.</p>
+
+<p>OSMONT. Frenchman. Formerly racing cyclist. Did some
+fine flights at Chalons in 1910. In February, 1911,
+appointed chief aviation instructor to the Spanish Army.</p>
+
+<p>OTTO (Fried), Hohenstaufeurstrasse 35, Berlin. W. 30.
+Aerial journalist, etc.</p>
+
+<p>OVINGTON (Earle). U.S.A. aviator. Carried first U.S.A.
+aerial post, Sept 1911. Winner of many prizes in America.</p>
+
+<p>OXLEY. Instructor to the Blackburn School, at Filey, 1911.</p>
+
+
+<p>PAINE (Capt. G. M.) M.V.O., R.N. Commandant of the
+British Central Flying School at Upavon, Salisbury Plain.
+Appointed early in 1912.</p>
+
+<p>PARKE (Lieut. Wilfred, R. N.) Started flying in 1910, and
+made a large number of meritorious performances. Killed
+in a monoplane at Wembley, December 15th, 1912.</p>
+
+<p>PARSEVAL (Major Von), <i>late</i> German Army. Inventor of
+the <i>Parseval</i> type dirigibles and the <i>Parseval</i> monoplane.
+Leading figure in all aerial matters in Germany. (See
+Part A.)</p>
+
+<p>PATERSON (Compton). British aviator. Liverpool Motor
+House, Ltd., Liverpool. Designed a successful machine
+in 1909. Also flies <i>Farmans</i>. Designed new machine
+1911.</p>
+
+<p>PATIALA (Maharajah of). In December, 1910, purchased a
+<i>Bleriot</i> and a <i>Voisin</i>. Member of the R. Ae. C.</p>
+
+<p>PAGNY. French. Designer of <i>Hanriots</i>, 1913.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 9d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_9d" id="Page_9d">[Pg 9d]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>PAULHAN (Louis). Frenchman. Born 1883. Served afloat
+as a boy. Later served with the <i>late</i> Col. Renard; also
+with the <i>late</i> Captain Ferber. In 1907 was with Surcouf.
+In his spare time he made models. In 1909 he won a
+<i>Voisin</i> biplane, given as prize for the best model in
+France, and rapidly came to the front. In 1910 he won
+the <i>Daily Mail</i> &pound;10,000 prize for the London to Manchester
+flight. Numerous other prizes have been won by him.
+Took up construction in 1911 without much success till in
+1912 he took over French, etc., agency for <i>Curtiss</i> hydros.</p>
+
+<p>PEQUET (H.) Frenchman. Certificated June, 1910. Flew
+a <i>Humber-Sommer</i> in India, where he conveyed the first
+officially recognised aerial post at Allahabad.</p>
+
+<p>PERRIN (H.) British. Secretary of the R. Aero Club.</p>
+
+<p>PERRY (Ida), Metropol Theater, Berlin. German actress,
+who has gone in for aviation.</p>
+
+<p>PFITZNER (<i>late</i> Lieut. Alexander L.) Hungarian. Born
+1875. Served in the Austro-Hungarian Artillery. Leaving
+the Army he went to the U.S.A. and became connected
+with the Herring-Curtiss work, designing the novel
+Pfitzner monoplane. He met many mishaps with this,
+which depressed him. He returned to Hungary early in
+1910, but meeting no success there came back to America.
+Drowned in Marblehead Harbour, 12th July, 1910.</p>
+
+<p>PHILLIPS (Horatio F.), Wealdstone, Harrow. Pioneer
+experimenter. Discoverer of the "dipping front edge,"
+patented by him 1884 and 1891. ("Philips' entry.")
+Leading authority on aviation subjects.</p>
+
+<p>PICKLES (Sydney). Australian. Chief pilot at the Ewen
+school at Hendon, 1912.</p>
+
+<p>PICHAN (Court). Early French experimenter. Flew a
+flapper model 1889.</p>
+
+<p>PICOLLO (<i>late</i> Jules). Brazilian aviator. Killed December
+28th, 1910.</p>
+
+<p>PIERRE (Petit). Frenchman. The <i>late</i> secretary of Bleriot
+School at Hendon. Assassinated at Hendon, August,
+1911, by a Swiss pupil named Hanot, who went insane at
+not learning to fly so quickly as he had expected.</p>
+
+<p>PILCHER (<i>late</i> Percy S.) Born 1866. British naval
+engineer. Commenced glider experiments, 1895, on
+Lilieuthal lines. Designed a power machine in 1899, but
+was killed in glider experiments before it was completed.</p>
+
+<p>PIXTON (H.) British R. Ae. C. pilot 50. Qualified at Brooklands,
+January, 1911, on a triplane. Has since done some
+very fine flights on an <i>Avro</i>, taking various prizes.</p>
+
+<p>PISCHOFF (Alfred de), 12 Rue Amiral de Joinville, Paris.
+In conjunction with Koechlin was a pioneer of French
+aviation. In December, 1907, he flew a kilometre on a
+biplane. His earliest machine was practically a large box
+kite with a motor fitted. In 1910 produced a monoplane
+of his own design. He is an Austrian resident in France.</p>
+
+<p>POPPER (Josef). Austrian. Concerned with aviation, etc.,
+ever since 1872.</p>
+
+<p>POLLOCK (C. F.) Prominent supporter of aviation. Member
+of the R. Ae. C. Committee, 1910-11.</p>
+
+<p>PONNIER. Frenchman. Director of the Hanriot Company.</p>
+
+<p>PRANDTL (Dr. Ludwig). Prinz Albertstrasse 20, G&ouml;ttinger,
+Germany. Born 1875. Leading Figure in German aerial
+circles. Connected with the <i>Parseval</i> design.</p>
+
+<p>PREVOST (M.) French. Created world's record on
+December 2nd, 1911, by reaching a height of 9,800 feet at
+Rheims.</p>
+
+<p>PRIER (Pierre). Made London-Paris in 3 hours, 56 minutes,
+12th April, 1911. Designer to the <i>Bristol</i> Co., 1911.</p>
+
+
+<p>QUEROZ (the <i>late</i>). Brazilian. Killed at S. Paulo, June,
+1911, in a monoplane of his own design.</p>
+
+<p>QUIMBY (Miss Harriet). Mineola, U.S.A. First American
+lady to qualify for aviator certificate, 1st August, 1911.
+Used a <i>Moisant</i>. Killed 1912.</p>
+
+<p>QUOIKA (Haupt. Emanuel), Margarethenstrasse 16, Vienna.
+Aeronaut from 1904. Now aviator and writer on subject.</p>
+
+
+<p>RADLEY (James). Well-known British aviator, flying a
+<i>Bleriot</i>. Patented a special wing. Represented Great
+Britain in the 1910 Gordon Bennett. At Lanark, 1910,
+broke the world's then speed record, and did 75 miles per
+hour. Pilot R. Ae. C. 12, June 14th, 1910. August, 1911,
+flew the Channel in 22 minutes; Calais to Folkestone.
+Subsequently embarked on construction.</p>
+
+<p>RAYNHAM (F. R.) British subject. Flew 7 hours, 30 mins.
+competing for the Michelin Cup. Used an <i>Avro</i> fitted
+with a 60 horse Green.</p>
+
+<p>REISSNER (Dr. Ing. Hans), Lutticherstrasse 166, Aachen.
+Born 1874. Professor on matters aerial.</p>
+
+<p>RELTICH. French. Cyclist who succeeded in getting an
+avietter to fly one metre, October, 1912. Won the Dubos
+prize.</p>
+
+<p>RENARD (<i>late</i> Colonel). In association with Krebs built a
+dirigible in 1884, with electric motor. Killed.</p>
+
+<p>RENARD (Commandant Paul), 41 Rue Madame, Paris. Born
+1854. Officer Leg. d'Hon. Brother of late Col. Renard,
+with whom he worked. Vice-President, <i>Ligue Nat.
+Aerienne</i>. Professor <i>Ecole Sup. d'Aeronautique</i>. Has
+written a good deal on aerial subjects.</p>
+
+<p>RENAUX. Did 12 hours 12 minutes on a <i>M. Farman</i>, 7th
+August, 1911. (690 k.m.) Won the Quentin Bauchart
+Prize, 1911.</p>
+
+<p>RENAUX. French aviator. Winner of the Grand Prix
+Michelin, March, 1911, Paris, to top of the Puy de Dome.
+Machine, <i>Maurice Farman</i>.</p>
+
+<p>RICHET. French patron of early aviation experiments, 1896.
+Tatin built a large model machine for him in those days,
+which after a 150 yard flight fell into the sea and was lost.</p>
+
+<p>RIDGE (Theodore). Assistant Superintendent of the Army
+Aircraft Factory. Killed on August 21st, 1911.</p>
+
+<p>ROBINSON (Hugh). Well-known U.S.A. aviator.</p>
+
+<p>ROBL (<i>late</i> Thaddeus). German aviator. Killed on a
+<i>Farman</i>, 1910, through attempting to fly in unpropitious
+weather in order to allay the complaints of sightseers.
+Has been designated the "first martyr of aviation"&mdash;not
+without some cause.</p>
+
+<p>RODGERS (C. P.) U.S.A. aviator. <i>Wright.</i> In September-October,
+1911, he flew across America, distance 4,321 miles.
+He started to win the Hirst prize of &pound;10,000, but having
+taken longer than 30 days was disqualified.</p>
+
+<p>ROE (A. V.) Clifton St., Miles Platting, Manchester. Was
+the first man to fly in England, and also the first to fly an
+all-British machine. Is a persistent experimenter on
+original lines. Has flown with as little as 9 h.p. in one of
+his triplanes. Now builds mono. and biplanes (<i>Avro</i>).</p>
+
+<p>ROEHRIG (B. F.) U.S.A. aviator. Obtained wide reputation
+with <i>Curtiss</i> types on Pacific Coast.</p>
+
+<p>ROGER, 8 Rue Grange-Bateli&egrave;re, Paris. Founder and editor
+of <i>Revue de l'Aviation</i>.</p>
+
+<p>ROGUES (General). French Army. Inspector General
+Military Aeronautics, 1911.</p>
+
+<p>ROLLS (<i>late</i> Hon. C.) Well-known British sportsman,
+motorist, and aviator. First Englishman to order an
+aeroplane&mdash;a <i>Wright</i>. Flew the Channel both ways early
+in 1910 (first record). Killed at Bournemouth, July, 1910,
+in a <i>Wright</i>.</p>
+
+<p>RUCK (Major-General), C.B., R.E. Chairman of the Aeronautical
+Society of Great Britain.</p>
+
+<p>RUSSIJAN. Austrian aviator. Killed January 9th, 1911.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 10d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_10d" id="Page_10d">[Pg 10d]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>SALMET (Henri). French. Born 1878. Made British height
+record, 8,070 feet, November, 1911. Made record London-Paris
+flight, March, 1912. Time: 3 hours, 14 minutes.</p>
+
+<p>SAMPSON (Lieut.) British Navy. On August 17th, 1911,
+made British flight duration record to date, 4 hours 58&frac12;
+minutes, at Eastchurch on a <i>Short</i> 38. Now Acting-Commander.
+Employed by Naval Wing, R.F.C.</p>
+
+<p>SAMUELSON (Arnold), Hamburg Waterworks, Germany.
+Born 1837. Writer on aerial matters.</p>
+
+<p>SANTOS-DUMONT (Alberto), 150 Avenue des Champs-Elysees,
+Paris. Brazilian, of French descent. Born
+1873. Officer Leg. d'Hon. Took up ballooning at an
+early age. He was the first to use a petrol motor in a
+balloon. In 1900 the fifth dirigible constructed by him
+crossed the Seine. On Oct. 19th, 1901, in No. 6, he
+circled the Eiffel Tower and won the 100,000 franc Deutsch
+prize. In 1906 he became interested in heavier than air
+machines, and began on a helicopter. Abandoning this
+he built a box kite type of aeroplane, and on October 23rd,
+1906, won the Archdeacon prize for a heavier than air
+flight of not less than 25 metres. Thereafter,
+comparatively little was heard of him, except that he
+was experimenting with the <i>Demoiselle</i>, till in 1909 he
+made a record on this type&mdash;the designs of which he
+presented to the world. Has not been prominent since.</p>
+
+<p>SCHABSKY (Athanasius Ivanovitch). Russian. Builder of
+the <i>Outchebny</i> type dirigible.</p>
+
+<p>SCHIERE, J. Aeronautical engineer. Stephonsonstraat
+41, The Hague, Holland. Librarian Dutch Ae. C.</p>
+
+<p>SCH&Uuml;TTE (Prof. Johann), J&auml;schkenthal 47b, Danzig-Langfukr,
+Danzig, Germany. Born 1873. Designer of the
+<i>Sch&uuml;tte</i> dirigible.</p>
+
+<p>SCHWANN (Commander Oliver). British Navy. Navy Air
+Dept., 1912-13. In 1911, conducted a number of hydro-aeroplane
+experiments.</p>
+
+<p>SCRAGG (Geo. H.), American citizen, 19-21, Great Queen
+Street, Kingsway, London, W.C. European correspondent
+of American <i>Aeronautics</i>.</p>
+
+<p>SELLERS (M.B.) (See U.S. aeroplanes)</p>
+
+<p>SELLS (Chas. de Grave), La Colombara, Cornigliano-Ligure,
+Italy. British. A leading authority on all matters having
+to do with engineering. Also a writer on these subjects.
+Authority on matters having to do with aviation
+in Italy.</p>
+
+<p>SHAFFER (Cleve T.) American citizen. West Coast correspondent
+to <i>Aeronautics</i> (U.S.A.) Writer on aerial
+subjects generally.</p>
+
+<p>SIMON (Rene). August 18th, 1911, tied with Sopwith for
+the world's Climbing speed at Chicago; 500 metres in
+3' 35".</p>
+
+<p>SMITH (H. White). British. Secretary to the Bristol Co.</p>
+
+<p>SOMMER (Roger) Mouzon, Ardennes, France. Born 1877.
+Early interested in aviation. In 1908 built a machine of
+his own design. This was a failure. He then bought one
+of the first <i>Farman's</i>, on which he rapidly achieved
+success. Towards the end of 1909 he produced the
+<i>Sommer</i> biplane.</p>
+
+<p>SOPWITH (T.) British. Won the Baron de Forest prize
+on a <i>Howard Wright</i>, 1910. Also won many other prizes
+in England and America. 19th August, 1911, tied with
+Simon, world's climbing speed&mdash;500 metres in 3' 35"&mdash;at
+Chicago. Now a constructor.</p>
+
+<p>SPENCER (Stanley). Early British dirigible builder (1902).
+Died 1913.</p>
+
+<p>SPOONER (Stanley), 41 St. Martin's Lane, W.C. Editor of
+<i>Flight</i>. Prominent supporter of aviation. Member of
+R. Ae. C. Committee.</p>
+
+<p>STEIN (Lieut.) German aviator. Killed at Doerlitz, February
+6th, 1911.</p>
+
+<p>STRINGFELLOW. British. A very early experimenter.
+In 1868 he evolved a triplane model.</p>
+
+<p>SUETER (Capt. R. N.) British. In command of British
+Navy dirigible section, 1911. Admiralty Air Dept., 1912-13.</p>
+
+<p>SURCOUF (Edward Louis), 33 Boulevard Lannes, Paris.
+Born 1862. Chev. Leg. d'Hon. Secretary Com. Sport
+Ae. C. F. Sec. Com. Aerienne Mixte. Director of the
+<i>Astra</i> Societ&eacute;. Constructor of the majority of French
+dirigibles.</p>
+
+<p>SWANN (Rev. Sydney), The Vicarage, Crosby Ravensworth,
+Westmoreland, England. First clerical aviator. Ceased.</p>
+
+<p>SYKES (Major F. H.) Officer Commandant in Charge of
+Records, Royal Flying Corps, Military Wing.</p>
+
+
+<p>TABUTEAU. French aviator. Winner of the Michelin
+Trophy.</p>
+
+<p>TADDEOLI. Swiss. First Swiss to obtain an aviator's
+certificate, which he did on a <i>Dufaux</i>, October, 1910.
+Badly injured at Lausanne, June, 1911, during exhibition
+flights. 1912, built a hydro-aeroplane.</p>
+
+<p>TATIN (Victor), 14 Rue de la Folie-Reynault, Paris. Chev
+Leg. d'Hon. Born 1843. Commenced heavier than air
+experiments so long ago as 1879, when he made an aeroplane
+driven by compressed air. Designed the <i>Ville de
+Paris</i>. Had a good deal to do with the <i>Bleriot</i> in its
+early days. In 1909 designed the <i>Clement-Bayard</i> monoplane.
+Associated with Paulhan in 1911. Writes on all
+aerial subjects.</p>
+
+<p>TAYLOR (Vincent P.) Australian subject. Well-known
+aeronaut, using the <i>nom de plume</i> of Capt. Penfold. In
+1912 went in for aeroplaning, using a <i>Bristol</i>.</p>
+
+<p>TISSANDIER (Gaston). French Pioneer aeronaut. Made
+an electrically-propelled dirigible in 1881. Born 1843.
+Died 1899.</p>
+
+<p>TISSANDIER (Paul), 17 Avenue Victor Hugo, Paris. Son
+of Gaston Tissandier. Born 1881. Instructor of aviation.
+Taught many of the best known aviators.</p>
+
+<p>TURNBULL (W. R.) American Engineer. In the year
+1906 commenced to experiment with hydro-aeroplanes; and
+may be regarded as the originator of all experiments in this
+direction. The French <i>Gabardine</i> of much later date did
+not differ materially from his early models, while the more
+recent <i>Fabre</i> and the successful <i>Curtiss Triad</i> embodied
+similar ideas.</p>
+
+<p>TURNER (Charles E.) Authority on aviation matters, special
+aerial correspondent of the <i>Observer</i>, etc.</p>
+
+<p>TURNER (Lewis W. F.) British. Chief pilot of the Ewen
+School, 1912.</p>
+
+<p>TWINING (S. Frisco). Cal. U.S.A. Experimenter with
+flappers, man propelled, from 1910 onward.</p>
+
+
+<p>USBORNE (Lieut. Neville F.), R.N. First British naval
+officer detailed for aerial work. Was appointed to
+<i>Clement-Bayard II</i> in 1909, and subsequently to the first
+Naval Dirigible. 1912, Naval Wing, R.F.C.</p>
+
+
+<p>VANNIMAN (Melvin). Built the gondola of the first <i>Wellman</i>
+airship, and intimately concerned with <i>Wellman II</i>. Also
+designed a triplane 1908. Designed <i>Akron</i>, 1911. Killed
+1911.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 11d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_11d" id="Page_11d">[Pg 11d]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>VEDRINES. French. Second in the <i>Daily Mail</i> &pound;10,000
+prize, 1911, in a <i>Morane</i>. Won Paris-Madrid, 1911. One
+of the best known aviators. Began life as a mechanic.</p>
+
+<p>VIVALDI (<i>late</i> Lieut.) Italian naval officer. Killed in a
+<i>M. Farman</i>, August, 1910.</p>
+
+<p>VOISIN (Charles), 34 Quai du Point du Tour, Billancourt
+(Seine), France. Born 1882. Director of <i>Voisin Freres</i>.
+Flew the <i>Delagrange I.</i> in 1906. Induced H. Farman to
+be interested in aviation.</p>
+
+<p>VOISIN (Gabriel). Brother of above. Born 1880. Chev.
+Leg. d'Hon. Director of <i>Voisin Freres</i>. Commenced
+to study aviation in 1902 with Archdeacon. Experimented
+with gliders. Founded <i>Voisin Freres</i> in 1903.
+Designer of the <i>Voisin</i> biplane. Killed 1912 in a motor
+accident.</p>
+
+<p>VUIA. French pioneer, who with a machine somewhat like a
+<i>Demoiselle</i>, flew 6 yards in 1906 and 60 yards in 1907.</p>
+
+
+<p>WALDEN (Dr.). U.S. citizen. Badly hurt, 1910, in a
+machine of his own design, but not killed as reported.
+(See U.S. aeroplanes.)</p>
+
+<p>WALSH (C.F.) American aviator. Winner of various
+trophies on a <i>Curtiss</i>.</p>
+
+<p>WARCHOLOWSKY. Austrian aviator. On October 30th,
+1911, made world's record to date by flying 45 minutes
+with three passengers.</p>
+
+<p>WEILLER (Lazare), 36 Rue de la Bienfaisance, Paris.
+Officer Leg. d'Hon. Head of the syndicate which in 1908
+was responsible for Wilbur Wright coming to France.</p>
+
+<p>WEISS (Jos&eacute;). British subject. Pioneer experimenter in
+aviation. The starting stage used by him for early glider
+experiments is still to be seen near Arundel Castle,
+Sussex. Much of our knowledge as to the distribution of
+weights is due to him.</p>
+
+<p>WELLMAN. An American who hoped to reach the North
+Pole by dirigible. His first ship came to grief at
+Spitzbergen. In Oct., he attempted a cross-Atlantic
+voyage, but failed. (See Vanniman).</p>
+
+<p>WEYMANN (C). American. Won the 1911 Gordon Bennett
+on a <i>Nieuport</i>. Average speed, 78 miles per hour.</p>
+
+<p>WHEELER (R.F.) British Navy. As naval cadet at the
+age of 15 he obtained his pilot certificate at the Bristol
+School.</p>
+
+<p>WHITE (Sir George, Bart. LL.D. J.P.) Founder and Chairman
+of the British and Colonial Aeroplane Co., Ltd.
+President of the Bristol and West of England Ae. C.</p>
+
+<p>WIDMER. Austrian aviator. In October, 1911, made a
+flight over the Adriatic, Venice to Triest.</p>
+
+<p>WILLOWS (E.T.) Cardiff, Wales. British Airship pilot 4.
+Inventor of the <i>Willows</i> airship. Patentee swivelling
+propellers. Started a dirigible school, 1913.</p>
+
+<p>WISEMAN (Fred T.) American aviator. Flies his own type
+machine. Has made sensational flights delivering newspapers
+at farmhouses, April, 1911, also letters.</p>
+
+<p>WRIGHT (Howard). See HOWARD WRIGHT.</p>
+
+<p>WRIGHTS (the) (Orville and Wilbur), 7 Hawthorn Street,
+Dayton, Ohio, U.S.A. Chevs. Leg. d'Hon. In 1896 the
+Brothers Wright began to study aerial flight. In 1900
+they were making glides. In 1903 they first fitted a motor,
+and on December 17th of that year made a power flight of
+about 250 yards. Reports of this were received with
+incredulity, and right up to July, 1908, when Wilbur
+Wright appeared in France, many people still regarded the
+Wrights as a myth. Wilbur Wright easily beat the
+French machines in circling, etc. He won the Michelin
+Cup, being up 2 h. 20 m. 23-1/3 sec. Distance 76&frac12; miles
+official record. Actual, estimated at 93 miles. The
+exploits of Wilbur Wright put aviation on quite a new
+footing. Since 1908 the <i>Wright</i> type has been surpassed
+by others; but to the Wrights will always belong the
+credit of having made a decided step in the science.
+Wilbur died of typhoid, 1911.</p>
+
+<p>WYNMALEN (Henri). Dutch. Reached 9,121 feet in a
+<i>Farman</i> in 1910, and was then compelled to descend
+because after 8,000 feet blood oozed from his finger nails
+and lips. Ae.C.F. pilot 208, 27th August, 1910. Has made
+many famous flights.</p>
+
+
+<p>ZENS (Ernest), 3 Rue la Bo&eacute;tie, Paris. Born 1878.
+Pioneer aviator. On committee of Ae. C. F. First
+passenger in an aeroplane (carried by Wilbur Wright,
+6th September, 1908). Built a monoplane, 1912.</p>
+
+<p>ZEPPELIN (Count). The first Zeppelin dirigible was tried
+in 1900 on Lake Constance. It made a small speed
+against a 12-16 m.p.h. wind. It also circled. The
+experiments exhausted the Count's resources until 1905.
+Details of this and later <i>Zeppelins</i> will be found on the
+German dirigible pages in Part A.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 12d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_12d" id="Page_12d">[Pg 12d]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CARBURETTERS" id="CARBURETTERS"></a><b>CARBURETTERS.</b></h2>
+
+
+<p><b>AUSTRIAN-HUNGARIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>DENES FRIEDMANN, 11 Mitterbergasse, Vienna, XVIII.</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>BELGIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>DASSE (G.), 49 Rue David, Verviers</p>
+
+<p>FAGARD (J.) &amp; Cie, 7 Rue Bouille, Liege, (<i>Sth&eacute;nos</i>).</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>BRITISH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>BROWN &amp; BARLOW, Ltd., 16 Loveday Street, Birmingham</p>
+
+<p>BURGESS (W. H. M.), 40 Glasshouse Street, London, W. (<i>White &amp; Poppe</i>).</p>
+
+<p>CARBURATION, Ltd., 85 Fleet Street, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>CLAUDEL-HOBSON, 29 Vauxhall Bridge Rd., London, S.W.</p>
+
+<p>DAVIS PARAFFIN CARBURETTER Co., London</p>
+
+<p>FENESTRE, CADISCHE &amp; Co., 17 Harp Lane, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>MOSELEY MOTOR WORKS, Birmingham</p>
+
+<p>SCOTT, ROBINSON, 3 Great Winchester St., London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>TRIER &amp; MARTIN, Ltd., Trinity Works, New Church Road, Camberwell, London, S.E. (<i>T.M.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>WAILES (George) &amp; Co., 386-8, Euston Road, London, N.W. (<i>S.U.</i>)</p>
+
+<p><b>WHITE &amp; POPPE, Ltd.</b>, Lockhurst Lane, Coventry</p>
+
+<p>WOODNUTT &amp; Co., St. Helens, I.W.</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>FRENCH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>AMOUDRUZ, 24 Rue d' Armaill&eacute;, Paris. (Carburateurs "R.V." et "l' Econome").</p>
+
+<p>ASTER (Soci&eacute;t&eacute; de Construction M&eacute;caniques (L')), 74, Rue de la Victoire, Paris</p>
+
+<p>AUFIERE (Ch.), 95 Rue de Flandre, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BARIQUAND &amp; MARRE (Soci&eacute;t&eacute;), 127 de Oberkampf, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BELLAN ET FRANTZ, 137 Avenue de Villiers, Paris. ("Le Va-Partout.")</p>
+
+<p>BOURRIENNE, 18 Impasse Amelot, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BREUZIN (Ed.) FILS, 26-28 Rue Morand, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BRIEST, 119 Rue de Rennes, Nantes</p>
+
+<p>BROUSSET (F.), 5 Rue Leprince, Nogent-sur-Marne. ("Normal" &amp; "Lion").</p>
+
+<p>CAILLETTE ET NAR&Ccedil;ON, 29 Rue de la Plaine, Paris</p>
+
+<p>CHARRON, Ltd., 7 Rue Amp&egrave;re, Puteaux</p>
+
+<p>CLAUDEL (Henri), 41 Rue des Arts, Levallois-Perret</p>
+
+<p>CLERC &amp; QUANTIN, 21 Rue Tandou, Paris</p>
+
+<p>COTTIN &amp; DESGOUTTES, Place de Bachut, Lyon</p>
+
+<p>EMMEL (A.), 278 Boulevard Raspail, Paris</p>
+
+<p>EVENS, NOLO &amp; Cie, 150, Avenue St-Ouen, Paris</p>
+
+<p>FILTZ (J.), 13 Avenue du Roule, Neuilly-sur-Seine</p>
+
+<p>GAUTREAU Fr&eacute;res, Dourdan</p>
+
+<p>GOUBERT, 15 Rue du Pont, Arles</p>
+
+<p>GRIANOLI (&Eacute;tabs. L.), 26 Boulevard Magenta, Paris</p>
+
+<p>GROUVELLE (J.) H. ARGUEMBOURG &amp; Cie, 71 Rue du Moulin-Vert, Paris. ("<i>G. A.</i>")</p>
+
+<p>HARDING (H. J.), 7 <i>bis</i>, Rue du D&eacute;barcadere, Paris. (<i>J.A.P.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>JANVIER (V.), 44 Rue d'Al&eacute;sia, Paris. ("<i>V&eacute;ji.</i>")</p>
+
+<p>JANGEY (P.) et Cie, 26 <i>bis</i>, Rue Saint-Didier, Paris</p>
+
+<p>JOLY FR&Eacute;RES, 244 Rue Marcadet, Paris</p>
+
+<p>JULLIAN FR&Eacute;RES &amp; HERAULT, Beziers</p>
+
+<p>LAURENT FR&Eacute;RES, Plandher-Les-Mines</p>
+
+<p>LONGUEMARE (F. &amp; G.) FRERES, 12 Rue du Buisson-St-Louis, Paris</p>
+
+<p>MARTHA (L.), 24 Rue du Champ-Les-Mines, Paris</p>
+
+<p>MENEVEAU &amp; Cie, 15 Rue des Trois-Bornes, Paris</p>
+
+<p>MERIOT (L.), 22 <i>bis</i>, Rue de' Taillandiers, Paris</p>
+
+<p>PANHARD-LEVASSOR (Etablissements), 19 Avenue d'Ivry, Paris</p>
+
+<p>PASCAUD, 144 Boulevard Magento, Paris</p>
+
+<p>PILAIN (Soc.), 17 Chemin de Monplasir &agrave; Grange-Rouge, Lyon</p>
+
+<p>POUDEROUX (L.), 9 Rue Waldeck-Rousseau, Paris</p>
+
+<p>PROGRESSA (Soc.), 3 Passage Moitrier, Levallois-Perret</p>
+
+<p>SCHMITZ (J.) &amp; Cie, 17 Rue Saussier-Leroy, Paris</p>
+
+<p>STORR &amp; Cie, 17 Rue Saussier-Leroy, Paris</p>
+
+<p>STROMBERG MOTOR DEVICES MANUFACTURING Co., 1253 Michigan Avenue, Chicago, U.S.A.</p>
+
+<p>TOLLET &amp; Cie, 7 Rue de la Charit&eacute;, Lyon</p>
+
+<p>VAURS, 38 Rue Brunel, Paris</p>
+
+<p>VAUTRIAN (L.), 35 Rue Brunel, Paris. ("<i>Claudet.</i>")</p>
+
+<p>VITU (P.), Villa Aline, Rue des Soupirs, Epinal</p>
+
+<p>WAGNER, 7 Galeme de la Madeleine, Paris</p>
+
+<p>ZENITH (Soc. du Carburateur) 55 Chemin Feuillat, Lyon-Monplasir 2 Rue Denis-Poission, Plancher-les-Mines</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>GERMAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>DULONG, 11 Lingstrasse, Berlin</p>
+
+<p>ESCHER (B.), Sachsische Werkzeug Maschinenfabrik, Chemnitz</p>
+
+<p>"IDEAL" METALLWARENFABRIK, Opladen (<i>Ideal A.G.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>NEUE VERGASER GESELLSCHAFT, 63 Urbanstrasse, Berlin</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>SWISS.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>WAGNER (Soc. d' Ind., Suisse d'Outillage), Bate</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>U.S.A.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>BECKLY RALSDON. 178 Lake Street, Chicago</p>
+
+<p>BREEZE CARBURETTER Co., 276 Halsey Street, Newark, N.Y.</p>
+
+<p>BUFFALO CARBURATOR Co., 887 Main Street, Buffalo, New York</p>
+
+<p>BYRNE, KINGSTONE &amp; Co., Kokomo, Ind.</p>
+
+<p>GOLDBERG MOTOR CAR DEVICES MFG. Co., 1253 Michigan Avenue, Chicago</p>
+
+<p>HEITGER CARBURETTER Co., 205 West South Street,  Indianopolis</p>
+
+<p>HOLLEY Bros. Co., 661 Beaubien Street, Detroit, Mich.</p>
+
+<p>KALAMAZOO CARBURETTER Co., Kalamazoo, Mich.</p>
+
+<p>MARVEL MANUFACTURING Co., 410 S. Meridion Street, Indianopolis</p>
+
+<p>MYERS (A. J.), 244 West 49th Street, New York. (<i>G. &amp; A.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>SPEED CHANGING PULLEY Co., 758 Washington St., Indianopolis. (<i>Speed</i>).</p>
+
+<p>STROMBERG MOTOR DEVICES MANUFACTURING Co., 1253 Michigan Avenue, Chicago, London, D.E. (<i>T.M.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>WESTERN MOTOR Co., Logansport, Ind.</p>
+
+<p>WHEELER &amp; SCHEBLER, Indianopolis</p></div><p><!-- Page 13d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_13d" id="Page_13d">[Pg 13d]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="FABRICS_FOR_AEROPLANES_AND_DIRIGIBLES" id="FABRICS_FOR_AEROPLANES_AND_DIRIGIBLES"></a><b>FABRICS FOR AEROPLANES AND DIRIGIBLES.</b></h2>
+
+
+<p><b>AUSTRIAN-HUNGARIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>METZELER &amp; Cie, 6 Konigstrasse (Gummihof), Vienna VI.</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>BELGIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>DUPT (A. D.), 11 Avenue de Keyser, Antwerp</p>
+
+<p>ENGLEBERT FILS &amp; Cie, 29 Rue des Vennes, Liege</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>BRITISH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>ACCORDION BOAT Co., 32 Tufton St., Westminster, London, S.W.</p>
+
+<p>"AEROPLATTE." (See Rogers Bros.)</p>
+
+<p>AUTOMOBILE &amp; AERIAL SUPPLY Co., Norwich Union Buildings, Piccadilly, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>AVON INDIA RUBBER Co., Ltd., Melksham, Wilts</p>
+
+<p>BENETFINK &amp; Co., Ltd., Cheapside, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>BENEY (R.) &amp; Co., 7 Carlisle St., Oxford St., London, W.</p>
+
+<p>CLARKE (T. W. K.) &amp; Co., Kingston-on-Thames</p>
+
+<p><b>CONTINENTAL TYRE &amp; RUBBER Co., (GREAT BRITAIN) Ltd.</b>, 102 Clerkenwell Road, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>DUNLOP RUBBER Co., Ltd., Manor Mills, Aston, Birmingham</p>
+
+<p>FRANKENBURG &amp; Sons, Ltd., Salford, Lancashire</p>
+
+<p>"HARTS," 21 Liverpool Street, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>HUTCHINSON AERO CLOTHS, 70 Basinghall Street, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>IOCO PROOFING Co., Ltd., 50, Fraser Street, Bridgeton, Glasgow</p>
+
+<p>IMPERIAL TYRE &amp; RUBBER Co., Brook St., Holborn, London, W.C.</p>
+
+<p><b>JONES (Bros., Ltd.)</b>, 12 York Street, Manchester.</p>
+
+<p>MCLEAN, MCLEAN &amp; Co., 79&frac12; Gracechurch St., London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>NEW MOTOR &amp; GENERAL RUBBER Co., Ltd., 374 Euston Road, London, W.C.</p>
+
+<p>NORTH BRITISH RUBBER Co., Ltd.:&mdash;</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+1 Long Acre, London, W.C.<br />
+Castle Mills, Edinburgh<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>PEGAMOID (NEW) Ltd., 144 Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>ROE (A. V.) &amp; Co., Brownsfield Mills, Manchester</p>
+
+<p><b>ROGERS (Bros.),</b> 1 Mitre Court, Milk Street, London, E.C. ("<i>Aviator</i>" <i>Ramie</i>), (<i>Aeroplatte</i>).</p>
+
+<p>SPENCER (C. G.) &amp; Sons, 56a, Highbury Grove, London, N.</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>DANISH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>CONTINENTAL CAOUTOUCHOUC &amp; GUTTA PERCHA Co., 28 Amaliegade, Copenhagen</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>DUTCH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>CONTINENTAL CAOUTOUCHOUC &amp; GUTTA PERCHA Co., 1077 Prinsengracht, Amsterdam</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>FRENCH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>ALBERTI (L.) (<i>Harburg-Wien</i>), 12 Rue d'Enghien, Paris</p>
+
+<p><b>BARBET-MASSIN</b>, Popelin &amp; Cie., 5-7 Rue St. Fiacre, Paris</p>
+
+<p><b>BESSONNEAU</b>, 21 Rue Louis Gain, Angers</p>
+
+<p>CAOUTCHOUC Manufacture (Soc. du.), 86 Rue Notre Dame-de-Nazareth, Paris</p>
+
+<p>CONTINENTAL CAOUTOUCHOUC &amp; GUTTER PERCHA Co., 144 Avenue Malakoff, Paris</p>
+
+<p>DEVILLE (J.), 42 Rue des Jeuneurs, Paris</p>
+
+<p>FALCONNET-PERODEAND (&Eacute;tabs.), 4 Place Carnot, Choisy-le-Roi (Seine).</p>
+
+<p>GODARD (Louis) (Etabls. Aeronautiques de Paris), 170 Rue Legendre, Paris</p>
+
+<p>HUTCHINGSON (Etablts.) 60, Rue Saint-Lazare, Paris</p>
+
+<p>METZELER &amp; Cie, 1 Rue Villaret-de-Joyeuse, Paris</p>
+
+<p>MICHELIN &amp; Cie, Clermont-Ferrand, Puy de D&ocirc;me</p>
+
+<p>OPPENHEIMER NEVEU, 28 Rue Bergere, Paris</p>
+
+<p>PETER (Louis), 107 Rue de Courcelles, Paris</p>
+
+<p>RUSSIAN-AMERICAN INDIA RUBBER Co., 47 Rue St. Ferdinand, Paris</p>
+
+<p>SULFIMATE (Service du), 200 Boulevard Victor Hugo, Clichy (Seine).</p>
+
+<p>TELEPHONES (Soc. Indle. Des), 25 Rue de Quatre Septembre, Paris</p>
+
+<p>TORRILHON (Soc. An. des Anciens Etab. J. B.), Chamali&eacute;res Puy de D&ocirc;me</p>
+
+<p><b>VALDENAIRE</b> (<b>H.</b>) Adenet &amp; Cie., 21 Rue des Jeuneurs, Paris</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>GERMAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>CLOUTH (Franz) (Rheinische Gummiwaarenfabrik, Cologne-Nippes)</p>
+
+<p>CONTINENTAL CAOUTOUCHOUC &amp; GUTTA PERCHA Co., 100 Fahrenwalderstrasse, Hamburg</p>
+
+<p>MICHELIN &amp; Cie, Frankenalle 4, Frankfort</p>
+
+<p>RIEDINGER (August), Augsburg, Bavaria</p>
+
+<p>SCHUCKERT &amp; Co. (Elektrizitats A.G.), Nuremburg</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>ITALIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>CONTINENTAL CAOUTOUCHOUC &amp; GUTTA PERCHA Co., 36 Via Bersaglio, Milan</p>
+
+<p>MICHELIN &amp; Cie:&mdash;</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+117 Via Livorno, gia via Schina, Turin<br />
+14 via Toro, Milan<br />
+</div>
+
+<p><b>RUSSIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>CONTINENTAL CAOUTOUCHOUC &amp; GUTTA PERCHA Co., 11 Boiscbaja Dmitrovka</p>
+
+<p>RUSSIAN-AMERICAN INDIA RUBBER Co., Tregolnik, 138, Canal Abovdny, St. Petersburg</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>SPANISH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>CONTINENTAL CAOUTOUCHOUC &amp; GUTTA PERCHA Co., 5 Calle Fernando el Santo, Madrid</p>
+
+<p>MICHELIN &amp; Cie, 21-23 Calle Sagasta, Madrid</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>SWEDISH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>CONTINENTAL CAOUTOUCHOUC &amp; GUTTA PERCHA Co., Riddoregatan 15, Stockholm</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>SWISS.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>CONTINENTAL CAOUTOUCHOUC &amp; GUTTA PERCHA Co., 9 Lowenstrasse, Zurich</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>U.S.A.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>BALDWIN (Captain Thos. S.), Box 78 Madison Square, New York</p>
+
+<p>CONOVER (C. E.) &amp; Co. (<i>Naiad</i>), 101 Franklin Street, New York</p>
+
+<p>CONTINENTAL CAOUTOUCHOUC &amp; GUTTER PERCHA Co, Muskegon, Mich.</p>
+
+<p>FRENCH AMERICAN BALLOON Co., 4460 Chouteau Avenue, St. Louis</p>
+
+<p>GOODYEAR TIRE &amp; RUBBER Co., Akron, Ohio</p>
+
+<p>MICHELIN &amp; Cie, Milltown (N. T.).</p>
+
+<p>"NAIAD," 101 Franklin Street, New York</p>
+
+<p>STEVENS (Aeronaut Leo), Box 181, Madison Square, New York</p></div><p><!-- Page 14d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_14d" id="Page_14d">[Pg 14d]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="GARMENTS_FOR_AVIATION" id="GARMENTS_FOR_AVIATION"></a><b>GARMENTS FOR AVIATION.</b></h2>
+
+
+<p><b>AUSTRIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>BAUR (R.), 4 Rudolfstrasse, Innsbruck</p>
+
+<p>GOLDMAN &amp; SALATSCH, 20 Graben, Vienna I.</p>
+
+<p>MAKOVSKY &amp; Co., 9 Baumannstrasse, Vienna</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>BELGIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>DEPART (Au), 8 Boulevard Anspach, Brussels</p>
+
+<p>GAUSSET (F.), 5 Rue du Jardin Botanique, Liege</p>
+
+<p>HOEBER &amp; Cie, 48 Chemin de Hall, Forest-les-Brus</p>
+
+<p>REEKIE (A.), 17 Rue Royale, Brussels</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>BRITISH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>AEROPLANE SUPPLY Co., Ltd., 111 Piccadilly, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>BAKER &amp; Co., Ltd., 137 Tottenham Court Road, London, W.C.</p>
+
+<p><b>BURBERYS</b> 30-33 Haymarket, London, S.W. Basingstoke</p>
+
+<p>DUNHILL (A.), Ltd., 359 Euston Road, London, N.W.</p>
+
+<p>GAMAGE (A. W.), Ltd., 126 Holborn, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>HARROD'S STORES, Ltd., Brompton Road, London, S.W.</p>
+
+<p>JOHNSTON (G.) &amp; Co., 110 Cannon Street, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>NICOLL (H. J.) &amp; Co., Ltd., 114 Regent Street, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>NORTH BRITISH RUBBER Co., Ltd., Castle Mills, Edinburgh</p>
+
+<p>PENTON (E.) &amp; Son, 11 Mortimer Street, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>PIGGOTT (J.), Ltd., 117 Cheapside, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p><b>ROGERS</b> (<b>Bros.</b>), 1 Mitre Court, Milk Street, London, E.C. (<i>Mascot</i> vests), (<i>Aeromac</i>)</p>
+
+<p>SAMUEL (Bros.), Ltd., 65 Ludgate Hill, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>SMEE (E.), 403 Oxford Street, London, E.C.</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>FRENCH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>ABERDEEN, 1 Rue Auber, Paris</p>
+
+<p>ARNOUX, 63 Boulevard Malesherbes, Paris</p>
+
+<p>AUDOUARD, 3 Rue du Commandant, Rivi&egrave;re, Paris</p>
+
+<p>AUX MARINS, 7 Avenue de la Grande-Arm&eacute;e, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BARBAN, 67 Rue Rambuteau, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BAZAR de L'Hotel de Ville, 54 Rue de Rivoli, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BELLE FERNIERE (La), Rue Saint-Pierre, Caon</p>
+
+<p>BELLE JARDINIERE (La), 2 Rue du Pont-Neuf, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BERNARD, 153 Rue du Faubourg, Saint-Honor&eacute;, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BINET (E.), 6 Boulevard Diderot, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BLUET, 154 Boulevard Haussmann, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BOILLAU (M.), 5 Rue d'Tory, Lyon</p>
+
+<p>BOINET (G.) &amp; Cie, Saint-Quentin</p>
+
+<p>BON MARCHE (Le), Rue de S&egrave;vres, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BONNET (G.), 4 Rue de la Bastille, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BONNIOL, 10 Rue Turbigo, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BOROWSKY, 32 Rue d'Argout, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BOURSIN, 61 Rue la Bo&eacute;the, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BRUNSCHWIG (Ch.), 39 Rue des Bourdounais, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BURBERYS, 10 Boulevard Malesherbes, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BUSSEY (Geo. C.) &amp; Cie, 25 Rue Tronchet, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BUSVINE &amp; Cie, 4 Rue Marbeuf, Paris</p>
+
+<p>CAOUTOUCHOUC MANUFACTURE (Soci&eacute;t&eacute; du), 86 Rue Notre Dame de-Nazareth, Paris</p>
+
+<p>CARNAVAL de VENISE (Au), 5 Boulevard de la Madeleine, Paris</p>
+
+<p>CHAMANSKI &amp; BLOCH, 6 Place des Victoires, Paris</p>
+
+<p>CHOCQUENET (V.), 31 Rue des Je&ucirc;neurs, Paris</p>
+
+<p>CHOTIN (G.), 34 Rue des Archives, Paris</p>
+
+<p>CIRET (F.) &amp; Cie, 140 Rue Rivoli, Paris</p>
+
+<p>COOK &amp; Cie, 23 Rue Auber, Paris</p>
+
+<p>CRABETTE, 54 Faubourg Saint-Honor&eacute;, Paris</p>
+
+<p>DAMERVAL (A.), 9 Rue R&eacute;amur, Paris</p>
+
+<p>DAROLES-VINCENT, 22 Rue de Faubourg-du-Temple, Paris</p>
+
+<p>DAY, 162 Rue du Faubourg-Saint-Martin, Paris</p>
+
+<p>DEITZ (E.), 56 Rue d'Aboukir, Paris</p>
+
+<p>DENIAU &amp; Cie, 86 <i>bis</i>, Rue de Rome, Paris</p>
+
+<p>DEWACHTER, 53 Boulevard Voltaire, Paris</p>
+
+<p>DUGAS, Freres, 10 Boulevard S&eacute;bastopol, Paris</p>
+
+<p>DUROT &amp; LERY, 25 Rue des Trois-Cailloux, Amiens</p>
+
+<p>DUBESSY (J.), Villefranche</p>
+
+<p>DUBREUIL &amp; PARMENTIER, 34 Rue Montorqueil, Paris</p>
+
+<p>EGGER &amp; Cie, 2 Rue de la Vrilli&egrave;re, Paris</p>
+
+<p>ESDERS (Maison Henri), 115 Rue Montmartre, Paris</p>
+
+<p>FASHIONABLE HOUSE, 16 Boulevard Montmartre, Paris</p>
+
+<p>FELDSTEIN, 91 Rue des Marais, Paris</p>
+
+<p>FRAENKEL (H.), 28 Rue du Quartre-Septembre, Paris</p>
+
+<p>GALERIES LAFAYETTE, 40 Boulevard Haussmann, Paris</p>
+
+<p>GRANDE MAISON (A La), 7 Rue Croix-des-Petits-Champs, Paris</p>
+
+<p>HALIMBOURG-AKAR (Etablissements), 1 Places des Victoires, Paris</p>
+
+<p>HENRY-TREILLE, Marcigny</p>
+
+<p>HIGH-LIFE, 112 Rue de Richelieu, Paris</p>
+
+<p>HUTCHINSON (Etablissements), 60 Rue Saint-Lazare, Paris</p>
+
+<p>KRIEGCK &amp; Co., 23 Rue Royale, Paris</p>
+
+<p>LACHASSAGNE (E.), Saint-Etienne</p>
+
+<p>LAMBLIN (A.), 15 Rue Tiquetonne, Paris</p>
+
+<p>LAMARTINE, 24 Rue des Bons-Enfants, Paris</p>
+
+<p>LECONGE &amp; WILLMANN, 2 Rue du Renard, Paris</p>
+
+<p>LEON, 21 Rue Daunou, Paris</p>
+
+<p>LOUVRE (Grande Magazines du), 164 Rue de Rivoli, Paris</p>
+
+<p>LYON (Grand Bazaar de), 31 Rue de la R&eacute;publique, Lyon</p>
+
+<p>MAGNANT &amp; Cie, 117 Rue R&eacute;aumur</p>
+
+<p>MAGNE (A.), Moulins, France</p>
+
+<p>MANBY, <i>les</i> 19 Rue Auber, Paris</p>
+
+<p>MARCHAL (M.), 30 Rue le Peletier, Paris</p>
+
+<p>MARECHAL (A.), Nevers</p>
+
+<p>MAX-AUSPITZ, 374 Rue Saint-Honor&eacute;, Paris</p>
+
+<p>MICHEL JACKSON (A.), 92 Rue Richelieu, Paris</p>
+
+<p>MICHEL JACKSON (E.), Halluin</p>
+
+<p>MENAGERE (&Agrave; la), 20 Boulevard Bonne-Nouvelle, Paris</p>
+
+<p>METTEZ (Maison), 5 Place de l'Hotel de Ville, Paris</p>
+
+<p>MOLAY (Jacques), 181 Rue du Temple, Paris</p>
+
+<p>MATHAN (G.), 27 Rue Saint-Sabin, Paris</p>
+
+<p>NICOLLE, 29 Rue Tronchet, Paris</p>
+
+<p>OLD ENGLAND</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+12 Boulevard des Capucines, Paris<br />
+114 Via Nazionale, Milan, Italy<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>OLIVIERI &amp; Co., 101 Rue Claude-Decaen, Paris</p>
+
+<p>PAGUIN (J.) BERTHOLLE &amp; Cie, 43 Boulevard des Capucines, Paris</p>
+
+<p>PARIS-TAILLEUR, 3 Rue du Louvre, Paris</p>
+
+<p>PAYEN (Maison G.), 7 Rue de la R&eacute;publique, Lyon</p>
+
+<p>PETIT MATELOT (Au), 41 quai d'Anjou, Paris</p>
+
+<p>PFEIFFR-BRUNET, 17 Rue de l'Ancienne-Comedie, Paris</p>
+
+<p>PRINTEMPS (Magasius du), 70 Boulevard Haussmann, Paris</p>
+<p><!-- Page 15d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_15d" id="Page_15d">[Pg 15d]</a></span>
+RAGEUNEAU, 25 Avenue de la Grande-Arm&eacute;e</p>
+
+<p>R&Eacute;AUMUR (A.), 82 Rue R&eacute;aumur, Paris</p>
+
+<p>REVILLON, Freres, 77 Rue de Rivoli, Paris</p>
+
+<p>RIBBY, 16 Boulevard Poissoni&egrave;re, Paris</p>
+
+<p>RICOUR, 26 Rue du Bouloi, Paris</p>
+
+<p>RODDY, 2 Boulevard des Italiens, Paris</p>
+
+<p>ROFFY, 2 bis, Rue du Bouloi, Paris</p>
+
+<p>ROUSSEAU, 61 Passage du Havre, Paris</p>
+
+<p>ROYAL TAYLOR, 41 Avenue de Wagram, Paris</p>
+
+<p>RUSSIAN AMERICAN INDIA RUBBER Co., 47 Rue Saint Ferdinand, Paris</p>
+
+<p>SAINT, Freres, 34 Rue du Louvre, Paris</p>
+
+<p>SAMARITAINE, Rue du Pont-Neuf, Paris</p>
+
+<p>SEYNOHA (F.), 249 Rue Saint-Honor&eacute;, Paris</p>
+
+<p>"SIEG," 19 Avenue de la Grande-Arm&eacute;e, Paris</p>
+
+<p>SORIN &amp; MARZETTIER, 2 Rue Haudaudine, Nantes, Paris</p>
+
+<p>SPORT (The), 17 Boulevard Montmartre, Paris</p>
+
+<p>STEINMETZ, Freres, 16 Rue Cambronne, Paris</p>
+
+<p>STROM (D. SCHNEIDER &amp; Cie)</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+16 Rue de la Chaussee-d'Antin, Paris<br />
+33 Avenue de la Gare, Nice<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>TELEPHONE (Soci&eacute;t&eacute; Industrielle des), 25 Rue du Quartre Septembre, Paris</p>
+
+<p>THIERY &amp; SIGRAND, 18 Boulevard S&eacute;bastopol, Paris</p>
+
+<p>TORRILHON (J. B.), Chamalieres</p>
+
+<p>TROIS-QUARTIERS (Aux), 17 Boulevard de la Madeleine, Paris</p>
+
+<p>TUNMER (A.) &amp; Co., 27 Rue du Quartre-Septembre, Paris</p>
+
+<p>VELOCE-CLUB (Au), 21 Avenue de la Grande-Arm&eacute;e, Paris</p>
+
+<p>VINCENE, 148 Rue du Temple, Paris</p>
+
+<p>VOLLANT (A.), 34 Boulevard S&eacute;bastopol, Paris</p>
+
+<p>WEST END TAILORS, 10 Rue Auber, Paris</p>
+
+<p>WILLIAMS &amp; Cie, 1 Rue Caumartin, Paris</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>GERMAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>ANWANDER (A.), 22 Sonnenstrasse, Munich</p>
+
+<p>HERTZOG (R.), 15 Breiterstrasse, Berlin</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>ITALIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>MARTINY (Manufacture), 5 Via Pietro Micca, Turin</p>
+
+<p>SANGUINETTI (Frat), 8 Corso Vittorie Emanuele, Milan</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>SPANISH</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>SANCHA (M.), 12 Calle de la Cruz, Madrid</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>SWISS.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>GEISTDORFER &amp; Co., 4 Paradeplatz, Zurich</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>U.S.A.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>SCANDINAVIAN FUR &amp; LEATHER Co., 16 West 33rd Street, New York</p></div><p><!-- Page 16d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_16d" id="Page_16d">[Pg 16d]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="HANGAR_AND_SHED_BUILDERS" id="HANGAR_AND_SHED_BUILDERS"></a><b>HANGAR AND SHED BUILDERS.</b></h2>
+
+
+<p><b>BRITISH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>AEROPLANE SUPPLY Co., Ltd., 111 Piccadilly, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>HARBROW (W.), South Bermondsey Station, London, S.E.</p>
+
+<p>HARRISON, SMITH Buildings, Ltd., Vauxhall Works, Dollinan Street, Birmingham.</p>
+
+<p>HUMPHREYS Ltd., Knightsbridge, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>MORTON, FRANCIS &amp; Co., Ltd., Hamilton Ironworks, Garston, Liverpool.</p>
+
+<p><b>PIGGOTT, Bros. &amp; Co., Ltd.</b>, 220, 222, 224, Bishopsgate, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>SMITH (F.) &amp; Co., Carpenters Road, Stratford, London, E.</p>
+
+<p>WIRE-WOVE ROOFING Co. &amp; PORTABLE BUILDINGS Co., 108 Queen Victoria St., London, E.C.</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>FRENCH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><b>BESSONNEAU</b></p></div>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+29 Rue du Louvre, Paris<br />
+21 Rue Louis Gain, Angers<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>COMPAGNIE AERIENNE, 63, Avenue des Champs, Elysees, Paris</p>
+
+<p>CONSTRUCTIONS DEMONTABLES (Compagnie des), 54 Rue Lafayette, Paris</p>
+
+<p>CONSTRUCTIONS ECONOMIQUES (Soci&eacute;t&eacute; de), 11 Avenue de l'Opera, Paris</p>
+
+<p>DUBOIS et Cie, 7 Rue Saint-Amand, Paris</p>
+
+<p>LAPEYRERE (L.), 44 Rue de l'Eglise, Paris</p>
+
+<p>OFFICE d'AVIATION, 3 Avenue de l'Opera, Paris</p>
+
+<p>RUBEROID (Societe du), 82 Boulevard Beaumarchais, Paris</p>
+
+<p>SAINTE-BEUVE (A.), 196 Quai Jemmapes, Paris</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>GERMAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>MULLER (A.), 27 Fritcherstrasse, Berlin-Charlottenburg</p></div>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="HYDROGEN_SUPPLIES" id="HYDROGEN_SUPPLIES"></a><b>HYDROGEN SUPPLIES.</b></h2>
+
+
+<p><b>BRITISH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>BRITISH HYDROGEN Co. (Lane's System), 49-50 Parliament Street, London, S.W.</p>
+
+<p>BRITISH OXYGEN Co., Ltd.:&mdash;</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+Elverton St., Westminster, London, S.W.<br />
+Saltley Works, Birmingham<br />
+Great Marlborough St., Manchester<br />
+Boyd St., Newcastle-on-Tyne<br />
+Rosehill Works, Polmadis, Glasgow<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p><b>KNOWLES' OXYGEN Co., Ltd.</b>, Wolverhampton.</p>
+
+<p>WOLF (J.), 15 Seething Lane, London, E.C.</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>FRENCH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>ELECTROLYSE FRANCAISE (L'), 4 Rue des Ecluses, Saint Martin, Paris</p>
+
+<p>HYDROG&Egrave;NE pour l'Aerostation et l'Industrie (Soc. Francaise de l') (Lane's System), Boulevard S&eacute;nart, St. Cloud (Seine et Soise).</p>
+
+<p>HYDROXGENE PUR (L')</p></div>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+22 Rue de Douai, Paris<br />
+Marais de Lomme, Lille (Nord)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>OXYDRIQUE FRANCAISE (L'), 2 Rue Nouvelle, Paris</p></div>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="INSURANCE_AVIATION" id="INSURANCE_AVIATION"></a><b>INSURANCE (AVIATION).</b></h2>
+
+
+<p><b>BELGIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>MONET (Alfred), 3 Avenue de Cortambert, Bruxelles, Belgium</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>BRITISH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>AEROPLANE SUPPLY Co., Ltd., 111 Piccadilly, London, W.</p>
+
+<p><b>BRAY, GIBB &amp; Co., Ltd.</b>, 14 Sherborne Lane, King William Street, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p><b>CAR &amp; GENERAL INSURANCE CORPORATION, Ltd.</b>, 1 Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>DOLAMORE (W. T.), AVIATION INSURANCE BROKER, 199 Piccadilly, W.</p>
+
+<p>FORBES (M. W.) &amp; Co., 15 Queen Street, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>GLASGOW ASSURANCE CORPORATION, Ltd., 10 Queen Street, Cheapside, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>GOLD (Guy), 1 Cornhill, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>KINLOCH (D. A.), 13 Leadenhall Street, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>PLANCHE, HEARN &amp; Co., 12 Newgate Street, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>WHITE CROSS INSURANCE ASSOC., 1 Cornhill, London, E.C.</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>FRENCH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>ASSURANCE SPECIALES d'AUTOMOBILES (Les) 20 Rue Taitbout (Seine), Paris</p>
+
+<p>BANDU DE CHANTPIE (Ch.), 8 Rue Blanche, Paris (Seine)</p>
+
+<p>CAPRON &amp; HAREL, 10 Rue Viollet-le-Duc, Paris</p>
+
+<p>CASANIVA ET GRIBAUMONT, 50 Boulevard Maesherbes, Paris</p>
+
+<p>CAUBERT ET GARNIA (E.), 5 Rue Moreau, Paris</p>
+
+<p>FASTINGER (L.), 8 Rue du Sentier, Paris</p>
+
+<p>HANCIAN (G.), Omnium des Assurance Terrestries, 59 Rue de Chateaudun</p>
+
+<p>HURET (G.), 56 Rue d'Amsterdam, Paris</p>
+
+<p>LAURIERS (Des) et DUMONT, 43 Rue Lafitte, Paris</p>
+
+<p>LAW-CAR, 42 Rue Pergotese, Paris</p>
+
+<p>LE CHARTIR ET DARDONVILLE, 12 Avenue Moatespan, Paris</p>
+
+<p>LEFEVRE (P.), 7 Rue Villaret-de-Joyeuse, Paris</p>
+
+<p>LLOYD (Continental), 17 Rue Druout, Paris</p>
+
+<p>MULLER &amp; DESPIERRES (G.), 26 Rue Etienne-Marcel, France</p>
+
+<p>NICOLLEAU (Auguste), 36 Rue de la Chapelle, Paris</p>
+
+<p>PIEFR (G.), 92 Boulevard Richard-Lenoir, Paris</p>
+
+<p>STEVENS (Pierre), 26 Rue Bergere, Paris</p>
+
+<p>TERRIER (V.), Courtier d'Assurances, 81 Boulevard S&eacute;bastopol, Paris</p>
+
+<p>TROLLET (H.), 131 Rue de Rome, Paris</p></div><p><!-- Page 17d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_17d" id="Page_17d">[Pg 17d]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="LUBRICANTS" id="LUBRICANTS"></a><b>LUBRICANTS.</b></h2>
+
+
+<p><b>AUSTRIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>GERSON BOEHN &amp; ROSENTHAL, 20 Donaueschingenstrasse, Vienna XX.</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>BELGIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>BENZO-BELGE (la), 11 Boulevard du R&eacute;gent, Brussels</p>
+
+<p>GUELETTE &amp; Cie, Hug. (<i>Diamond-Running Oil.</i>)</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>BRITISH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>ADAMS BRITISH OIL Co., Ltd., Plough Bridge, Deptford, London, S.E.</p>
+
+<p><b>ANGLO-AMERICAN OIL CO., Ltd.</b>, 22 Billiter Street, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>ANGLO-BOSPHORUS OIL Co., Ltd., Bristol</p>
+
+<p>BOWRING PETROLEUM Co., Ltd., Finsbury Court, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>BRITISH MONOGRAM OIL Co., Ltd., 177 The Vale, Acton, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>BUTTERWORTHS, Ltd., 5 Roscoe Chambers, Liverpool</p>
+
+<p>BRITISH PETROLEUM Co., Ltd., 22 Fenchurch Street, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>CARLESS, CAPEL &amp; LEONARD, Hope Chemical Works, Hackney Wick, London, N.E.</p>
+
+<p>COUNTY CHEMICAL Co., Ltd., Chemico Works, Bradford Street, Birmingham</p>
+
+<p>DICK &amp; Co,, Ltd., 33 Eastcheap, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>ENGLEBERT &amp; Co., 119 Finsbury Pavement, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>GRINDLEY &amp; Co., Ltd., Poplar, London, E.</p>
+
+<p>KAYE (J.) &amp; Sons, Ltd., 93 High Holborn, London, W.C.</p>
+
+<p>MONOVO Co., Mono Works, Stewart's Road, London, S.W.</p>
+
+<p>O'BRIEN (H.F.) &amp; Co., Broadheath Oil Works, Manchester</p>
+
+<p>PETROLEUM Co., Ltd. (The British), 22 Fenchurch Street, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>PRICE'S PATENT CANDLE Co., Ltd., Belmont Works, Battersea, London, S.W.</p>
+
+<p>ROSE (Sir W. &amp; Co.), 66 Upper Thames Street, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>STERN-SONNEBORN (A. G.), Royal London House, Finsbury Square, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>VACUUM OIL Co., Ltd., Caxton House, Westminster, London, S.W.</p>
+
+<p>WAKEFIELD (C. C.) &amp; Co., 27 Cannon Street, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>WHITE, 47 Curtain Road, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>WILCOX &amp; Co., Ltd., 23 Southwark Street, London, S.E.</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>DANISH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>BEAUVAL (de) Saxlund, 18 Kobmagergade, Copenhagen</p>
+
+<p>MEYER &amp; HENCKEL, 60 Kobmagergade, Copenhagen</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>FRENCH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>ACKER, 7 Rue de Bac, Ivry Port (<i>Auto Victoire.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>ANDR&Eacute;E (A.) Fils (Societe Anonyme), 8 Rue de la Tour-des-Dames, Paris (<i>Volgaline &amp; Spidol&eacute;ine.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>AMELIN &amp; RENAUD, 37 Rue Jean-Jacques-Rosseau, Paris</p>
+
+<p>AMERICAN OIL Co., 42 Rue Lepeletier, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BADIN, 3 Rue de la Mare, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BAILLY, 8 Rue de la Michodi&eacute;re, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BANTEGNIE &amp; NEVU, 10 Rue Bateau, Aubervilliers</p>
+
+<p>BARBAT (C.), Charenton</p>
+
+<p>BAUD, 24 Rue Saint-Roch, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BAUDOUIN, 32 Quai Saint-Vincent, Lyon</p>
+
+<p>BEDFORD PETROLEUM Co., 67 Boulevard Hausmann, Paris</p>
+
+<p>B&Eacute;SANCON (E.), Saint-Denis</p>
+
+<p>BONIFACE, Fr&egrave;res, Sotteville-L-Rouen</p>
+
+<p>BONNEVILLE, ROUILLY &amp; Cie, 27 Rue du Landy, Saint-Denis</p>
+
+<p>BORREL &amp; Fils, 58 Rue de Vincennes, Bagnolet</p>
+
+<p>BOUCHON &amp; BERTRAND, 17 Rue des Bateliers, Clichy</p>
+
+<p>BOUGAULT &amp; Cie, 32 Boulevard Ornano, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BOURGEOIS-OUDRY, 18 Rue de la Paix, Vincennes</p>
+
+<p>BUISINE &amp; Cie, 35 Rue de Viarmes, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BURCKHARDT, 18 Rue Poliveau, Paris (<i>Auto-Gazoline.</i>) (<i>Auto-Moto.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>CABANNE-NIROUET, 124 Route de Joinville, Champigny-s-Marne</p>
+
+<p>CALISCH-ORESTE, 4 Avenue du Cog, Paris</p>
+
+<p>CAMUS, 5 <i>bis</i>, Rue des Rosiers, Paris</p>
+
+<p>CAPET, 61 Rue de la Verrerie, Paris</p>
+
+<p>CATHALIFAUD, 120 Boulevard Magenta, Paris</p>
+
+<p>CAU&Ecirc;T, 18 Boulevard Pagel, Saint-Denis</p>
+
+<p>CAYEUX, Place de Marche-aux-Herbes, Compiegne</p>
+
+<p>CHAILLY, 15 Rue Catulienne, Saint-Denis</p>
+
+<p>CHATELET, 30 Rue de Fontenay, Nogent-sur-Marne</p>
+
+<p>CHAUDIN &amp; Cie, 132 Faubourg, Saint-Denis, Paris</p>
+
+<p>CHEMET, 143 Route de Versailles, Boulogne</p>
+
+<p>CHEMIN (A.), 10 Rue Gresset, Amiens (<i>Lubrifa.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>CHICHIGNAUD Au CORNILLON, Saint-Denis</p>
+
+<p>CHOUILLOU, 14 Rue Duphot, Paris</p>
+
+<p>CLAUDY, 92 Rue Neuve-des-Charpennes, Lyon</p>
+
+<p>COLMET &amp; Cie, 70 Rue de Rivoli, Paris</p>
+
+<p>COLUMBRIA (Soc. des Prod. &amp; Pub.), 48 Rue de Paris, Saint-Denis</p>
+
+<p>COSTADAU, 13 Rue Vendome, Lyon (<i>Golden Oil.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>DANIEL, 4. Rue Villedo, Paris.</p>
+
+<p>D&Eacute;GREMONT, 21 Rue Gudot-de Mauroi, Paris (<i>Lion</i>.)</p>
+
+<p>DEGUEANT, Avenue Lagache, Villemonble</p>
+
+<p>DELAGE, Quai d'Issy, 37 Issy-les-Moulineaux</p>
+
+<p>DELETTREZ. 7 Rue Gide, Levallois-Perret (<i>G.D.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>DELIGNY, 3 Rue de Buisson-Saint, Louis, Paris</p>
+
+<p>DESCROIX (P.) &amp; LESAGE, 18 Rue de Normande
+Asni&egrave;res</p>
+
+<p>DESSALLE, 39 Rue de Paradis, Paris</p>
+
+<p>DEUTSCHE (Les Fils de), 50 Rue de Ch&acirc;teaudun, Paris (<i>A.D.</i>) (<i>Jupiter.</i>) (<i>Viscositas.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>DION BOUTON (De), 36 Quai National, Puteaux</p>
+
+<p>DOMONT, 36 Boulevard Ornano, Paris</p>
+
+<p>DROUOT, 172 Faubourg Saint-Martin, Paris</p>
+
+<p>FAUCHER, 106 Boulevard Sebastopol, Paris</p>
+
+<p>FEIGEL, 14 Rae Barbette, Paris</p>
+
+<p>FERRANDON, 164 Avenue de Valmy, Paris</p>
+
+<p>FERRON, 59 Boulevard Saint-Denis, Courbevoie</p>
+
+<p>FIRBACH, 16 Rue Violet, Paris</p>
+
+<p>FLOQUET, 36 Rue de la Haie-Cog., Paris</p>
+
+<p>FOURNIER, Fr&egrave;res, 12 Rue Cast&eacute;r&egrave;s, Clichy</p>
+
+<p>FRANCO-RUSSE, Cie, 10 Rue Thimonier, Paris (<i>Newol&eacute;ine.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>GAGNEPIAN, GONNOT &amp; Cie, 109 Rue Victor-Hugo, Levallois-Perret</p>
+
+<p>GALENA OIL Co., Paris</p>
+
+<p>GAMARD &amp; LAFL&Egrave;CHE, 8 Rue de Thorigny, Paris<!-- Page 18d--><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_18d" id="Page_18d">[Pg 18d]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>GARDAIR, 71 Rue de Vaugirard, Paris</p>
+
+<p>GAUBERT, 40 Avenue de la Grande-Arm&eacute;e, Paris</p>
+
+<p>G&Eacute;N&Eacute;RAL INDUSTRIELLE (La), 5 Boulevard Voltaire, Paris</p>
+
+<p>GEORGIER (A.), 8 Route de Flandre, Bourget</p>
+
+<p>GIRARD, 102 Rue du Gazometre, Montreuil (<i>La Becanine</i>)</p>
+
+<p>GONNOT, 33 Boulevard de la Chapelle, Paris</p>
+
+<p>GUILLAUD &amp; VALLAT, 36 Chemin, Saint-Matthieu, Lyon</p>
+
+<p>GUILLET-PUSARD, Fils et Cie, 4 Rue Poccard, Levallois-Perret (<i>Royal Oil.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>GUYENOT (J.), 1 Rue du Printemps, Paris (<i>Motol&eacute;ine.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>HACHARD, 43 Boulevard, Richard-Lenoir, Paris</p>
+
+<p>HAMELIN, 65 Rue Rivay, Levallois-Perret</p>
+
+<p>HAMELLE, 21 Quai de Valmy, Paris (<i>Valvoline</i>).</p>
+
+<p>HARMIGNIES, 105 Rue de Paris, Ivry Port</p>
+
+<p>HERZEMBERG, 60 Rue Saint-Mand&eacute;, Saint-Ouen</p>
+
+<p>HUILES &amp; GRAISSES INDUSTRIELLES DE, 18 Rue Gambetta, Nice (<i>Omnia.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>HUILES-VITESSE (Soc. An. des.), Rue des Minimes, Courbevoie</p>
+
+<p>INDUSTRIELLE GENERALE (L'), 27 Rue la Bruy&egrave;re, Paris</p>
+
+<p>LACARRI&Egrave;RE &amp; GRAVELIN, 11 Rue de Neuilly, Clichy (<i>La Preferee.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>LAGET, 181 Rue Lafayette, Paris</p>
+
+<p>LAMPE, Freres, 32 Rue Saint-Lazarre, Paris</p>
+
+<p>LA SELVE &amp; BOURGEON, 54 Chemin des Cures, Lyon (<i>Auto Oil</i>)</p>
+
+<p>LAVOIX, Le Bourget</p>
+
+<p>LEBRASSEUR &amp; Cie, 155 Rue de Paris, Saint-Denis</p>
+
+<p>LEBRASSEUR, 11 Rue de la Vega, Paris</p>
+
+<p>LECLERC (C.), 33 Rue Auger, Pantin</p>
+
+<p>LENOIR, 24 Rue Michelet, Pantin</p>
+
+<p>LENORMAND, 18 Avenue Saint-Germain, Puteaux</p>
+
+<p>L&Eacute;ONHARD, 14 Rue Coypel, Paris</p>
+
+<p>L'HERITIER &amp; Cie, 86 Rue de Paris, Saint-Denis</p>
+
+<p>LILLE &amp; BONNI&Egrave;RES, 10 Rue des Pyramides, Paris</p>
+
+<p>LUBIN, 47 Rue du Li&eacute;gat, Ivry-Port</p>
+
+<p>LUBRICATING Oil Co., Route de Sartrouville, Pecg.</p>
+
+<p>LYNDALI &amp; Cie, 80 Rue Taitbout, Paris</p>
+
+<p>MACKAY, 2 Cit&eacute; Tr&eacute;vise, Paris</p>
+
+<p>MAILLET, 9 Rue Alfred Condre, Abbeville</p>
+
+<p>MALICET &amp; BLIN, 103 Avenue de la Republique, Aubervilliers (<i>Mab.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>MAN&Ccedil;EAU, 60 Rue de Flanders, Pantin</p>
+
+<p>MAR&Eacute;CHAL, 75 Avenue du Chemin-de-Fer, Le Vestinet</p>
+
+<p>MARTIN (V.), 50 Boulevard de Strasbourg, Paris</p>
+
+<p>MARVILLE &amp; Cie, Rueil</p>
+
+<p>MAUPR&Eacute;, 112 Rue de la Chapelle, Paris</p>
+
+<p>MICHEL, 15 Rue Ferragus, Aubervilliers</p>
+
+<p>MORIN, 48 Rue de l'Aqueduc, Paris</p>
+
+<p>NANTERRE, 18 Rue Gambetta, Nice (<i>Omnia.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>NASSOY &amp; RIBAUD, 78 Rue Charles-Nodier, Pantin (<i>Colzarine</i>)</p>
+
+<p>NICKMILDER, 82 Rue Daquerre, Paris</p>
+
+<p>NOBLET, 1 Rue Pastuer, Ivry-Port</p>
+
+<p>NORTZ, 29 Boulevard S&eacute;bastopol, Paris</p>
+
+<p>OLEO, 30 Rue Perrier, Levallois-Perret (<i>Oleomoto</i>)</p>
+
+<p>OLEONNAPHTES (Societ&eacute; Anoyme), 164 Avenue de Paris, Saint-Denis</p>
+
+<p>OL&Eacute;ONNAPHTES &Eacute;MULSIONNES (Societ&eacute; Anonyme), 3 Avenue Victor-Hugo</p>
+
+<p>ORANGE &amp; Cie, 432 Avenue de Paris, Saint-Denis</p>
+
+<p>PELON, 76 Avenue de la Republique, Paris</p>
+
+<p>PENNSYLVANIA OIL Co., 39 Rue Sainte-C&eacute;cile, Marseilles</p>
+
+<p>PETROLES OIL Co., 2 Rue Fongate, Marseilles (<i>Onctua.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>PEUGEOT, Freres, 71 Avenue de la Grande-Arm&eacute;e, Paris Valentigney</p>
+
+<p>PIETRATERRA (A.), 10 Rue des Augustins, Argenteuil</p>
+
+<p>POURCHEIROUX, 41 Rue Saint-Ferdinand, Paris</p>
+
+<p>POULET &amp; TAYART, 108 Avenue de la Republique, Aubervilliers</p>
+
+<p>PRADERE &amp; Cie, 16 Rue du 14-Juillet, Pre-Saint-Gervais (<i>Virginia</i>)</p>
+
+<p>QUERVEL, 35 Rue du Port, Aubervilliers (<i>Kervoline</i>)</p>
+
+<p>RASTIT (H.), 38 Rue Bicolas, Marseilles</p>
+
+<p>RECORD, 27 Quai Gailleton, Lyon</p>
+
+<p>REGNIER, Fils &amp; RODDE, 11 Rue Etienne-Dolet, Paris</p>
+
+<p>RENAUD-LEVEQUE &amp; Cie, 37 Rue Jean-Jacques-Rosseau, Paris</p>
+
+<p>RENAULT (V.), 145 Avenue, Parmentier, Paris</p>
+
+<p>REVAUX, 63 Boulevard Thiers, Amiens</p>
+
+<p>RICBOURG, 19 Quai aux, Fleurs, Paris</p>
+
+<p>RINCK, Fils, 66 Rue de Rivoli, Paris</p>
+
+<p>ROBERT, 25 Rue Drouot, Paris</p>
+
+<p>RONDEL, 101 Rue Marceau, Montreuil</p>
+
+<p>RONDEL (Ch.), 57 Rue de Saint-Mand&eacute;, Montreuil</p>
+
+<p>SAUTET, Freres, 99 Route d'Orl&eacute;ans, Montrouge</p>
+
+<p>SIMONET (L.), 45 Rue Gambetta, Nancy</p>
+
+<p>SIMON-ROCHE, 17 bis, Avenue du Mans, Tours (<i>Auto Sims</i>)</p>
+
+<p>SIVAN, 8 Place de l'Ev&ecirc;sch&eacute; Marques, Fr&eacute;jus (<i>Record, Aeroline, Motord</i>)</p>
+
+<p>STANDARD OIL Works, 69 Rue d'Hauteville, Paris</p>
+
+<p>STORACE (B.), 15 Rue de Paris, Nice</p>
+
+<p>SYLVESTER (E.), 6 Rue Nationale, Rouen (<i>W.S.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>TESSE, 15 Rue de Sur&egrave;ne, Paris</p>
+
+<p>TORRE &amp; Cie, 112 bis, Rue de Paris, Vincennes</p>
+
+<p>TOURNEL, 18 Avenue d'Italie, Paris</p>
+
+<p>TRABET (L.), 1 Rue Amelot, Paris (<i>Trabeoline</i>)</p>
+
+<p>VACUUM OIL Co., Ltd., 34 Rue de Louvre, Paris</p>
+
+<p>VILLENEUVE (A.), 1 Boulevard Saint-Jacques, Paris</p>
+
+<p>WALLACH &amp; Cie, 60 Avenue de la Republique, Aubervilliers</p>
+
+<p>WALLET, 12 Rue Rennequin, Paris</p>
+
+<p>WILSNER (G.), 29 Rue de Neuilly, Clichy</p>
+
+<p>ZEMMER, 91 Rue Petit, Paris</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>GERMAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>DEPAUW &amp; Cie, 6 Rue de la Lin&egrave;re, Brussels</p>
+
+<p>DEUTSCHE �LVERKE, 1 Prinz-Louis, Ferdinandstrasse, Berlin</p>
+
+<p>PETROLEUM RAFFINERIE, Breme (<i>Veloscol</i>)</p>
+
+<p>SPILCKE, 94 Chausseestrasse, Berlin</p>
+
+<p>STERN-SONNEBORN (A. G.), 21 Ritterstrasse, Berlin S. 42</p>
+
+<p>S&Uuml;DDEUTSCHE OELWERKE, Fribourg-en-Brisgau</p>
+
+<p>VALVOLINE OIL Co., 7 Hobzbr&uuml;cke, Hambourg</p>
+
+<p>VOGT &amp; Cie, G&ouml;rlitz (<i>Vostol</i>)</p></div><p><!-- Page 19d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_19d" id="Page_19d">[Pg 19d]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<p><b>ITALIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>ARNOLDI &amp; Cie, 37 Via Paolo do Cannobio, Milan</p>
+
+<p>CECCARELLI, TEDESCHI &amp; Cie, Corso XXII., Marso, 34, Milan (<i>Teuff</i>)</p>
+
+<p>CORLI&Egrave; RE, 8 Via Santa-Azata, Boulogne</p>
+
+<p>FOLTZER (E.), Rivarolo-Lugure, Genes</p>
+
+<p>KOCH (O.), 50 Via Abbadesse, Milan</p>
+
+<p>MIRAGOLI &amp; PETSATORI, 67 Foro Bonaparte, Milan</p>
+
+<p>OLEUM, Galleria Nazionala, Turin</p>
+
+<p>PETROLIO, 76 Piazza Cinque Lampade, Genes</p>
+
+<p>REINACH &amp; Cie, 90 Via Lario, Milan (<i>Oleoblitz</i>)</p>
+
+<p>VOLPATO &amp; Cie, 11 Via Santa-Maria-Fulcornia, Milan</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>ROUMANIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>TRAJON, Bucharest, Roumania</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>RUSSIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>CHABANIAN (R.), Batoum-Bakou</p>
+
+<p>KAISER (R.), Baku</p>
+
+<p>MALLARD, Caucase, Batoum</p>
+
+<p>NOBEL, Freres, St. Petersburg</p>
+
+<p>PITOEFF &amp; Cie, Tiflis</p>
+
+<p>SCHIBAEFF &amp; Cie, Bakau</p>
+
+<p>TER AKOPOFF, 3 Place Isaac, St. Petersburg</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>SPANISH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>FONTAGUD, 6 Fuentes, Madrid</p>
+
+<p>OLEON Co., 13 Asalto, Saragossa</p>
+
+<p>USERA (De), 47 Legdnitos, Madrid</p>
+
+<p>VACUUM OIL Co., 598 Cortes, Barcelona</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>SWISS.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>GRISARD (G.), 302 Route de Greuzach, B&acirc;le</p>
+
+<p>HALLER, 8 Splugenstrasse, Zurich</p>
+
+<p>HEUMANN (A.) &amp; Cie, Winterthur</p>
+
+<p>HUILES MINERALES, Route de Frontenex, Geneva</p>
+
+<p>LAMBERCIER (J.) &amp; Cie, Geneva</p>
+
+<p>LUMINA (S. A.), Geneva-Vollandes</p>
+
+<p>MOEBIUS (H.) &amp; Fils, B&acirc;le</p>
+
+<p>OMNIA (Maison), Ch&ecirc;ne-Bourg, Geneva</p>
+
+<p>SCHMID, 133 Murtenstrasse, Berne</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>U.S.A.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>DIXON (J.) CRUCIBLE Co., Jersey-City, New York, (<i>Graphite</i>)</p>
+
+<p>KEYSTONE LUBRICATING Co., Philadelphia</p>
+
+<p>WHITE &amp; BAGLEY Co., Worcester (<i>Oilzum</i>)</p></div><p><!-- Page 20d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_20d" id="Page_20d">[Pg 20d]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="MAGNETOS" id="MAGNETOS"></a><b>MAGNETOS.</b></h2>
+
+
+<p><b>AUSTRIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>DENES &amp; DRIEDMAN, 11 Mitterbergasse, Vienna XVIII.</p>
+
+<p>ERBEN (S.) &amp; ARNOLD FRIEDMANN, 14 Stubenring, Vienna I.</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>BELGIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>BOSCH MAGNETOS, 121 Rue de l'Instruction, Brussels</p>
+
+<p>PERNSTEIN (Ateliers), 8 Rue Laporte, Liege-Nord</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>BRITISH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>BOSCH MAGNETOS</p></div>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+40-42 Newman Street, London, W.C.<br />
+28 Store Street, Tottenham Court Road, London, W.C.<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>BRITISH TELLIER Co., 10 Coburg Place, Hyde Park, London, W.</p>
+
+<p><b>EISEMANN MAGNETO Co.</b>, 43 Berners Street, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>FULLER (J. C.) &amp; Son, Woodland Works, Wick Lane, Bow, London, E.</p>
+
+<p><b>MEA MAGNETO Co.</b>, Gresse Buildings, Stephen Street, Tottenham Court Road, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>NILMELIOR (Soci&eacute;t&eacute; d'Electricit&eacute;), 36-37 Alfred Place, Tottenham Court Road, London, W.C.</p>
+
+<p>RICHES (G. T.) &amp; Co., 19 Store Street, Tottenham Court Road, London, W.C.</p>
+
+<p>SIMMS MAGNETO Co., Ltd., Welbeck Works, Kilburn, London, N.W.</p>
+
+<p>VAN RADEN &amp; Co., Ltd., Great Heath, Coventry.</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>DUTCH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>BOSCH MAGNETOS, Willem Van Rijm, Keizergracht 181, Amsterdam</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>FRENCH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>BARDON (L.), 61 Boulevard National, Clichy</p>
+
+<p>BAUDOT ET PAZ, 22 Avenue de la Grande-Arm&eacute;e, Paris (<i>Simms.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>BOIN, 33 Rue du Four, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BOSCH MAGNETOS</p></div>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+Dep&ocirc;t 295 Avenue de Saxe, Lyon<br />
+17 Rue Theophile-Gautier<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>BREGUET (Maison), 19 Rue Didot, Paris</p>
+
+<p>DEBEAUVE, 68 Rue de Sevres, Paris (<i>Vestale</i>)</p>
+
+<p><b>EISEMANN &amp; Co.</b>, Lavalette &amp; Cie., 175 Avenue le Choisy, Paris</p>
+
+<p>EXTRA. (<i>See</i> Giffard.)</p>
+
+<p>GIANOLI, 28 Boulevard Magenta, Paris</p>
+
+<p>GIBAUD, 309 Rue de Faubourg, Saint-Antoine, Paris</p>
+
+<p>GIFFARD, 283 Rue des Pyr&eacute;n&eacute;es, Paris (<i>L'Extra</i>)</p>
+
+<p>GIRARDEAU (A.), 7 Rue Scribe, Paris</p>
+
+<p>GUENET. 5 Rue Montmorency, Paris</p>
+
+<p>GUILLOU, 41 Rue de Bagneux, Montrouge</p>
+
+<p>HENRIQUE, 54 Quai de Courbevois, Courbevois</p>
+
+<p>HERDTLE &amp; BRUNEAU, 93 Rue Pelleport, Paris</p>
+
+<p>HOMMEN (H.), 38 Rue de Turenne, Saint-Etienne</p>
+
+<p>HYDRA (Soci&eacute;t&eacute; de le Magneto), 11 Rue Charcot, Neuilly-sur-Seine</p>
+
+<p>ILIYNE-Berline, 8 Rue des Dunes, Paris</p>
+
+<p>INVICTA (Soci&eacute;t&eacute;) (Hamille et Cie), 5 Rue Deves, Neuilly-sur-Seine</p>
+
+<p>JUSTON &amp; Cie, 62 Rue du Chemin-Vert, Paris</p>
+
+<p><b>MEA MAGNETO</b>, Feld-Dengen, 157 av. Malakoff, Paris</p>
+
+<p>MONTBARBON (Soci&eacute;t&eacute;), 147 bis, Rue de Villiers, Neuilly-sur-Seine (<i>S.A.M.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>NIEUPORT (Soci&eacute;t&eacute; Anonyme des Appareils Electriques), 9 Rue de Seine, Suresnes</p>
+
+<p>NILMELIOR (Soci&eacute;t&eacute;), 49 Rue Lacordaire, Paris</p>
+
+<p>SIMMS MAGNETO Co., Ltd., 12 Rue de Courcelles, Levallois-Perret</p>
+
+<p>STUART &amp; STICHTER, 18 Avenue des Ternes, Paris (<i>Splitdorf</i>)</p>
+
+<p>UNTERBERG &amp; HELME, 166 Rue Lafayette, Paris (<i>U.H.</i>)</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>GERMAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>BERGMANN'S INDUSTRIEWERKE, Gaggneau (<i>G.m.b.H.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>BOSCH MAGNETOS, 11 Hopperlaustrasse, Stuggart</p>
+
+<p><b>EISEMANN &amp; CO.</b>, 61 Rosenbergstrasse, Stuttgart</p>
+
+<p>FIELDER (W.), Eisenach (<i>Ruthardt</i>)</p>
+
+<p>HAENDLER (A.), 52 Heidestrasse, Berlin</p>
+
+<p><b>MEA</b> (<i>G.m.b.H.</i>), Stuttgart</p>
+
+<p>RAPID ACCUMULATOREN &amp; MOTOREN WERKE, 149 Haupstrasse, Schoneberg-Berlin</p>
+
+<p>RUTHARDT &amp; Co., 77 Olachstrasse, Stuttgart</p>
+
+<p>SCHOELLER (A.), Frankfort</p>
+
+<p>TAUNUS ZUNDERFABRIK (<i>G.m.b.H.</i>), Frankfort</p>
+
+<p>UNTERBERG &amp; HELME, Durlach, Baden</p>
+
+<p>WECKERLEIN &amp; STOCKER, 7 Wodanstrasse, Nuremberg (<i>Moris</i>)</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>ITALIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>BOSCH MAGNETOS, 18 Via San Vittore, Milan</p>
+
+<p><b>EISEMANN &amp; Co.</b>, Ditta Secondo Pratti, 32 Carlo-Alberto, Milan</p>
+
+<p>LUCINI (Enrico), 3 Via Petrarca, Milan</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>SWEDISH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>BOSCH MAGNETOS, Fritz Egnall, Norra Bantorget 29, Stockholm</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>SWISS.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>KESSERLING (F.) &amp; Cie, Schaffhouse</p>
+
+<p>KOMET, 95 Brunaustrasse, Zurich</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>U.S.A.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>BOSCH MAGNETOS:&mdash;</p></div>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+160 West St., 56th Street, New York.<br />
+223 &amp; 225 West 46th Street, New York.<br />
+1253 Michigan Avenue, Chicago<br />
+357 Van Ness Avenue, San Francisco<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+
+<p>DAYTON ELECTRIC MANUFACTURING Co., 98 St. Clair Street, Dayton, Ohio</p>
+
+<p>DOW MANUFACTURING Co., Braintree</p>
+
+<p>FAWN RIVER MFTG. Co., Constantine, M.</p>
+
+<p>FISCH (Geo. L.), 1451 Michigan Avenue, Chicago</p>
+
+<p>HEINZE ELECTRIC Co., Lowelle, Mass.</p>
+
+<p>HOLTZER, CABOT ELECTRIC Co., Boston (<i>H.C.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>K.W. IGNITION Co., 30 Power Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio</p>
+
+<p><b>MEA MAGNETOS</b>, Marburg Bros., Inc., U.S. Rubber Buildings, New York. Also Detroit and Chicago.</p>
+
+<p>MOTSINGER DEVICE MFTG. Co., Pendleton, Ind.</p>
+
+<p>PITTSFIELD SPARK OIL Co., Dayton</p>
+
+<p>REMY ELECTRIC Co., Anderson, Ind.</p>
+
+<p>SPLITDORF Co.</p></div>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+261-265 Walton Avenue, New York.<br />
+138th Street, New York.<br />
+</div>
+<p><!-- Page 21d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_21d" id="Page_21d">[Pg 21d]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="MISCELLANEOUS_ACCESSORIES" id="MISCELLANEOUS_ACCESSORIES"></a><b>MISCELLANEOUS ACCESSORIES.</b></h2>
+
+
+<p><b>BELGIUM.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>WANSON (Maurice), 10 Rue Jean Stas, Brussels</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>BRITISH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>AEROS, Ltd., 139 St. James's Street, Piccadilly, London.</p>
+
+<p>AEROPLANE SUPPLY Co., Ltd., 111 Piccadilly, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>BRITISH AMERICAN Co., 300-33 Widdrington Road, Coventry</p>
+
+<p>BRITANNIA ENGINEERING Co. (1910), Ltd., Britannia Works, Colchester</p>
+
+<p>BRITISH EMALLITE Co., Ltd., 30 Regent Street, London, S.W.</p>
+
+<p>BRITISH INSULATED &amp; HELSBY CABLES, Ltd., Warrington</p>
+
+<p>BRITISH LOW ACCESSORIES Co., Ltd., 15 Great St. Helen's, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>BONN (J.) &amp; Co., Ltd., 97 New Oxford Street, London, W.C.</p>
+
+<p>BOWDEN PATENTS, Ltd., Baldwin Gardens, London, W.C.</p>
+
+<p>BROOKS (J.B.) &amp; Co., Ltd., Criterion Works, Birmingham</p>
+
+<p>BROWN (Bros.), Ltd., Birmingham</p>
+
+<p>BRAMPTON (Bros.), Ltd., Birmingham</p>
+
+<p><b>BURBERRYS</b>, The Haymarket, London, S.W. (<i>Aviation Garments</i>)</p>
+
+<p>CENTRAL NOVELTY Co., 99 Snow Hill, Birmingham</p>
+
+<p>CHATER, LEA, Ltd., 114 Golden Lane, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>CLARK (T. W. R.) &amp; Co., Crown Works, High Street, Kingston-on-Thames</p>
+
+<p><b>COAN</b> (<b>Robt. W.)</b>, 219 Goswell Road, London, E.C. (<i>Aluminium Castings.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>COWEY ENGINEERING Co., Ltd., 1 Albemarle Street, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>CRAMPTON &amp; Co., 73 Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p><b>CROSLEY, LOCKWOOD &amp; SON</b>, 7 Stationer's Hall Court, London, E.C. (<i>Publishers</i>)</p>
+
+<p>DING, SAYERS &amp; Co., Elm Gardens, Mitcham, Surrey</p>
+
+<p>DOBBIE McINNES, Ltd., Glasgow, N.B.</p>
+
+<p>DRESSER &amp; GARLE, Regent House, Regent Street, London, W.</p>
+
+<p><b>DRUMMOND BROS., Ltd.</b>, Ryde's Hill, Guildford</p>
+
+<p><b>EISEMANN MAGNETO Co.</b>, 43 Berners Street, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>ESSEX ACCUMULATOR Co., 499 Grove Green Road, Leytonstone, London, N.E.</p>
+
+<p>EVANS (Geo.) &amp; Co., 94 Albany Street, Regent's Park, London, N.W.</p>
+
+<p>FLATHER (W. T.), Ltd., Standard Steel Works, Sheffield</p>
+
+<p>FRASER BEGG &amp; Co., Ilford.</p>
+
+<p>FONTEYN &amp; Sons, 76 Newman Street. London, W.</p>
+
+<p>FOULIS (Wilfred), Ltd., Sunbury News, Belford Road, Edinburgh</p>
+
+<p>GENERAL AVIATION CONTRACTORS, Ltd., 30 Regent Street, London, S.W.</p>
+
+<p><b>GEOGRAPHIA DESIGNING &amp; PUBLISHING Co., Ltd.</b>, 33 Strand, London, E.C. (<i>Maps, etc.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>HAIM (N. S.), 69 Mark Lane, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>HANDLEY PAGE, Ltd., 72 Victoria Street, London, S.W.</p>
+
+<p>HARRIS &amp; SAMUEL, 10 Dean Street, Oxford Street, London, W.</p>
+
+<p><b>HASLER TELEGRAPH WORKS</b>, 26 Victoria Street, London, S.W. (<i>Indicators</i>)</p>
+
+<p>HELLEKEN, Ltd., 133 Upper Thames Street, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>HILL (ROWLAND) &amp; Sons, Ltd., Albion Foundry, Coventry</p>
+
+<p>HOBSON (H. H.), Ltd., 29 Vauxhall Bridge Road, London, S.W.</p>
+
+<p>HORA (E. &amp; H.), Ltd., 36-38, Peckham Road, London, S.E.</p>
+
+<p><b>HOYT METAL Co. OF GT. BRITAIN, Ltd.</b>, 26 Billiter Street, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>HUNTSMAN (B.), Attercliffe, Sheffield</p>
+
+<p>HURLIN (J.) &amp; Son, 191 Cambridge Road, London, E.</p>
+
+<p>JENNINGS, GUILDING &amp; Co., 60 Southgate Street, Gloucester</p>
+
+<p><b>JONES Bros., Ltd.</b>, 12 York Street, Manchester (<i>Fabrics, etc.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>KALKER (E.) &amp; Co., Much Park Street, Coventry</p>
+
+<p>KEMPSHALL TYRE Co., 1 Trafalgar Buildings, London, W.C.</p>
+
+<p>KIRKBY BANKS SCREW Co., Ltd., Meadow Lane, Leeds</p>
+
+<p>LAMPLOUGH &amp; Sons, Ltd., Albion Works, Cumberland Park, London, N.W.</p>
+
+<p><b>MALLINSON (Wm.) &amp; Sons</b>, 130-138 Hackney Road, London, N.E.</p>
+
+<p>MARSH (Bros.) &amp; Co., Ltd., Ponds Steel Works, Sheffield</p>
+
+<p>MARKT &amp; Co., 6 City Road, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p><b>MEA MAGNETO Co.</b>, Gresse Buildings, Stephen Street, Tottenham Court Road, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>MELHUISH (R.), Ltd., 50 Fetter Lane, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>MELLIN (F.) &amp; Co., Salisbury Road, Kilburn, London</p>
+
+<p>M. P. G. Co., 98 Tollington Park, London, N.</p>
+
+<p>MOGUL TYRE Co., Ltd., 15 Carlton House, Regent Street, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>MOTOR ACCESSORIES Co., 55 Great Marlborough Street, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>MOTOR AVIATION Co., Ltd., 628 Martin's Lane, London, W.C.</p>
+
+<p>NOBLES &amp; HOARE, Ltd., Cornwall Road, Stamford Street, London, S.E.</p>
+
+<p>NORTH BRITISH RUBBER Co., Ltd., Castle Mills, Edinburgh</p>
+
+<p><b>OWEN (Joseph) &amp; Sons, Ltd.</b>, 199a Borough High Street, London, S.E. (<i>Aeroplane Woods</i>)</p>
+
+<p>PALMER (L. N.), 9a Trevelyan Road, Tooting, London, S.W.</p>
+
+<p>PALMER TYRE Co., Ltd., Shaftesbury Avenue, London, W.C.</p>
+
+<p><b>PIGGOTT Bros. &amp; Co., Ltd.</b>, 220, 222, 224, Bishopsgate, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>POLDI STEEL Works, Napier Street, Sheffield</p>
+
+<p>RANDALL (J. H.) &amp; Co., Green Street Works, Paddington Green, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>REASON MNFTG. Co., Ltd., Lewes Road, Brighton</p>
+
+<p>RENOLD (Hans), Ltd., Progress Works, Brook Street, Manchester</p>
+
+<p>ROE (A.V.), Gt. Ancoats Street, Manchester</p>
+
+<p><b>ROGERS Bros.</b>, 33 Aldermanbury, London, E.C. (<i>Fabrics, etc.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>ROLLETT (H.) &amp; Co., "Avia Works," Coldbath Square, Rosebery Avenue, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>ROSS, COURTNEY &amp; Co., Ltd., Ashbrook Road, Upper Holloway, London, N.</p>
+
+<p>RUBERY, OWEN &amp; Co., Darlaston, Staffs.</p>
+
+<p>RUTT (A.) 85 Cannon Road, Bromley</p>
+
+<p>SCHAFFER &amp; BUDENBERG, Whitworth Street, Manchester</p>
+
+<p>SEEBOHM &amp; DUCKSTAHL, Ltd., Dannemora Steel Works, Sheffield</p>
+
+<p>SHORT (Bros.), Eastchurch, Sheppey</p>
+
+<p>SMITH (F.) &amp; Co., Ltd., Wire Manufacturers, Caledonia Works, Halifax</p>
+
+<p>SNOWDEN &amp; Sons, 427 Norwood Road, London, S.E.</p>
+
+<p>SPEAR &amp; JACKSON, Ltd., Aetna Works, Sheffield</p>
+
+<p>SPIRAL TUBE &amp; COMPONENTS Co., Caledonian Street, King's Cross, London, N.</p>
+
+<p>SPENCER MOULTON (G.) &amp; Co., Ltd., 77-9 Cannon Street, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>STEWART &amp; CLARKE MFTG. Co., 11 Denmark Street,
+Charing Cross, London, W.</p>
+
+<p><b>THORN &amp; HODDLE ACETYLENE Co., Ltd.</b>, 151 Victoria Street, London, S.W.</p>
+
+<p>TIMPERLEY (Chas. B.), 86b Snow Hill, Birmingham</p>
+
+<p>TORMO MFTG. Co., 67 Bunhill Row, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>UNITED MOTOR INDUSTRIES, Ltd., 45-6 Poland Street, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>UNIVERSAL AVIATION Co., 166 Piccadilly, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>VAN DE RADEN &amp; Co., Ltd., Great Heath, Coventry</p>
+
+<p><b>VANDERVELL (C. A.) &amp; Co.</b>, Warple Way, Acton Vale, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>VENESTA, Ltd., 20 Eastcheap, London, E.C.</p>
+<p><!-- Page 22d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_22d" id="Page_22d">[Pg 22d]</a></span>
+WARWICK WRIGHT, Ltd., 110 High Street, Manchester Square, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>WEBSTER &amp; BENNETT, Ltd., Atlas Works, Coventry</p>
+
+<p>WEST LONDON SCIENTIFIC APPARATUS Co., Ltd., Premier Place, High Street, Putney, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>WHITELEY EXERCISER Ltd., 35-37 Southwark Bridge Road, London, S.E.</p>
+
+<p><b>WHITEMAN &amp; MOSS</b>, 8 Moor Street, Cambridge Circus, London, W.C.</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>FRENCH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>ACIERIES DE FIRMINY, Firminy, Loire</p>
+
+<p>BARDOU, CLERGET &amp; Cie, 12 Boulevard Sebastopol, Paris</p>
+
+<p><b>BESSONEAU</b>, 29 Rue du Louvre, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BLOT-GARNIER &amp; CHEVALIER, 9 Rue Beudant, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BORDE (I.), 99 Boulevard, Haussmann, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BOREL et Cie, 11 Chemin de Pr&eacute;-Gaudry, Paris</p>
+
+<p>CARPENTIER (J.), 20 Rue Delamore, Paris</p>
+
+<p>CHAPMAN (H.), Rue Laffitte, Paris</p>
+
+<p>CACATRE, 35 Boulevard Saint-Jacques, Paris</p>
+
+<p><b>DOUTRE (La Ste. An des Appareils d'Aviation)</b>, 58 Rue Tait bout, Paris</p>
+
+<p>DUCOMET, 11 Rue d'Abbeville, Paris</p>
+
+<p>GAUDET (A.), 7 Avenue de Montreuille Fontenay-sous-Bois, Seine</p>
+
+<p>GIRAUD (Ain&eacute;), 49 Rue Greffulhe, Levallois-Perret</p>
+
+<p>GODARD (Louis), 170 Rue Legendre, Paris</p>
+
+<p>GOMES (A. C.) &amp; Cie, 63 Boulevard Haussmann, Paris</p>
+
+<p>GROSSIORD (A.), Saint-Maurice, Seine</p>
+
+<p>HANNOYER (F.), 69 Avenue Parmentier, Paris</p>
+
+<p>HUE (E.), 63 Rue des Archives, Paris</p>
+
+<p>LADIS LEWKOWICZ, Ervauville, Loviet</p>
+
+<p>LEFEBVRE &amp; Cie, 76 Avenue de la R&eacute;publique, Paris</p>
+
+<p>LEVESQUES, Rue des Haudriettes, Paris</p>
+
+<p>LUNKEN VALVE Co., 24 Boulevard Voltaire, Paris</p>
+
+<p>MAXANT, 38 Rue Belgrand, Paris</p>
+
+<p>MAZELLIER ET CARPENTIER, 20 Rue Delambre, Paris</p>
+
+<p>PAREME (J.), 203 Rue Lafayette, Paris</p>
+
+<p>PELON, 76 Avenue de la R&eacute;publique, Paris</p>
+
+<p>PELTRET &amp; LAFAGE, 4 Rue des Rigoles, Paris</p>
+
+<p>PERE (J.), 46 Boulevard Magenta, Paris</p>
+
+<p>POIRELLE (Vve) &amp; DOURDE, 4 Place Thorigny, Paris</p>
+
+<p>PROTAIS, 12 Rue Montbrun, Paris</p>
+
+<p>RICHARD (J.)</p></div>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+25 Rue Melingue, Paris<br />
+10 Rue Halevy, Paris<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>ROEBLING'S (J. A.) &amp; Sons Co., Trenton, New Jersey</p>
+
+<p>SCHAEFFER &amp; BUDENBERG, 105 Boulevard Richard-Lenoir, Paris</p>
+
+<p>SEEBOHM &amp; DIECKSTAHL, 4 Rue Sanite-Ann, Paris</p>
+
+<p>SOCIETE GENERALE D'APPAREILS DE CONTROLE, 105 Rue de la Convention, Paris</p>
+
+<p><b>VALDENAIRE (H.), ADENET &amp; Cie</b>, 21, rue des Je&ucirc;neurs, Paris (<i>Fabrics</i>).</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>GERMAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>BAMBERG (Carl), Berlin-Friedenau</p>
+
+<p>BASSE &amp; SELVE, Altena</p>
+
+<p>BUNGE (B.), Oranienstrasse, 20 Berlin, So. 26</p>
+
+<p>DEUTCHEN WAFFEN-V-MUNITIONSFABRIKEN, Dorotheenstrasse 43-41, Berlin N.W. 41</p>
+
+<p><b>EISEMAN MAGNETO Co.</b>, 61 Rosenbergstrasse, Nuremberg.</p>
+
+<p>FUESS (R.), Steglitz</p>
+
+<p>HACKENSCHMIDT (Ch.), 7 Kramergasse, Strasbourg</p>
+
+<p><b>MEA MAGNETO</b>, S. Union Werke G.m.b.H. Feurbach-Stuttgart</p>
+
+<p>SPINDLER &amp; HOYER, Goettingue</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>U.S.A.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>BRETZ (J. S.), &amp; Co., Times Buildings, Byrant</p>
+
+<p>BROWN &amp; Co., 1070 Clinton St., Syracuse, New York</p>
+
+<p>CALIFORNIA AERO MFTG. &amp; SUPPLY Co., 441-3 Golden Gate Avenue, San Francisco</p>
+
+<p>CHURCH AEROPLANE Co., Brooklyn, New York</p>
+
+<p>DELTOUR (J.), Inc., 496th Avenue, New York</p>
+
+<p>FRASSE (Peter A.) &amp; Co., 408 Commerce Street, Philadelphia</p>
+
+<p>PEDERSEN MANUFACTURING Co., 636-644, First Avenue, New York</p>
+
+<p>PENNSYLVANIA RUBBER Co., Jeannette, Pa.</p>
+
+<p>RUBEL (R. O.), Louisville, Ky.</p>
+
+<p>RUDOLPH (W. F.), Broad Street, Pa.</p>
+
+<p>SCOTT, Bros., Cadiz, Ohio</p>
+
+<p>STUPAR, 9626 Erie Avenue, Chicago</p>
+
+<p>WEAVER-EBLING AUTOMOBILE Co., 2230 Broadway 79th Street, New York</p>
+
+<p>WITTEMANN (C. &amp; A.), 17-19 Ocean Terrace, Staten, 1st, New York</p>
+
+<p>WILLIS (E. J.) &amp; Co., 85 Chambers Street, New York</p>
+
+<p>WILSON &amp; SILSBY, Yacht Sailmakers, Rowe's Wharf, Boston, Mass.</p></div><p><!-- Page 23d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_23d" id="Page_23d">[Pg 23d]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="PACKERS_AND_SHIPPERS" id="PACKERS_AND_SHIPPERS"></a><b>PACKERS AND SHIPPERS.</b></h2>
+
+
+<p><b>BRITISH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>AEROPLANE SUPPLY Co., Ltd., 111 Piccadilly, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>CARBURINE. (See Gas Lighting Improvement Co.)</p>
+
+<p>DRESSER &amp; GARLE, Regent House, Regent Street, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>MOUNT (J. C.) &amp; Co., 101, Grosvenor Road, London, S.W.</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>FRENCH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>BRAVARD, 40 Rue de l'Arbre-Sec Lyon, Rhone</p>
+
+<p>GERFAUD (C.), 26 Rue du Chateau-d-Eau, Paris</p>
+
+<p>LANGSTAFF, EHRENBERG &amp; POLLACK, 12 Rue d'Enghien, Paris</p>
+
+<p>PAYSSE &amp; Cie, 22 Rue Amper&eacute;, Paris</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>ITALIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>AMBROSSETTI (G.), 32 Via Nizza, Turin</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>U.S.A.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>BRINE (B. S.), Transportation Co.</p></div>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="PATENT_AGENTS_Aerial_Specialists" id="PATENT_AGENTS_Aerial_Specialists"></a><b>PATENT AGENTS (Aerial Specialists).</b></h2>
+
+
+<p><b>BELGIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>HAMEL (J.), Liege</p>
+
+<p>WUNDERLICH &amp; Cie., Brussels.</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>BRITISH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>BREWER &amp; SONS, 35 Chancery Lane, London, W.C.</p>
+
+<p>CHATWIN, HERSCHELL &amp; Co., 253 Grays Inn Road, London, W.C.</p>
+
+<p>EDWARDS (ARTHUR) &amp; Co., Chancery Lane Station Chambers, Holborn, London, W.C.</p>
+
+<p>MARKHAM &amp; FRANCE, Dudley House, Southampton</p>
+
+<p>ROGERS (F. M.) &amp; Co., 21 Finsbury Pavement, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>ROOTS (J. D.) &amp; Co., Thanet House, Temple Bar, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p><b>STANLEY POPPLEWELL &amp; Co.</b>, 38 Chancery Lane, London, W.C.</p>
+
+<p>THOMPSON (W. P.) &amp; Co., 285 High Holborn, London, W.C., and 6 Lord Street, Liverpool</p>
+
+<p>WITHERS (J. S.) &amp; SPOONER, 323 High Holborn, London, W.C.</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>FRENCH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>ARMENGAUD, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BLETRY (C.), 2 Boulevard de Strasbourg, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BRANDON FR&Eacute;RES, Paris</p>
+
+<p>DUPONT &amp; ELLUIN, 42 Bd. Bonne-Norwelle, Paris</p>
+
+<p>JOUVE (Ad), Marseilles</p>
+
+<p>MESTRAL &amp; HARL&Eacute;, 21 rue de la Rochefoucault, Paris</p>
+
+<p>PICARD, 97 Rue St. Lazare, Paris.</p>
+
+<p>WEISMANN &amp; MARX, 90 rue d'Amsterdam, Paris</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>GERMAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>ANSBERT VERREITER, Berlin W. 57</p>
+
+<p>BEZUGSQUELLEN-AUSKUNFTEI, Berlin.</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>ITALIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>BARZANO &amp; ZANARDO, via Bagutta 24, Milan</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>SPANISH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>BOLIBAR (G.), Barcelona.</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>U.S.A.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>EVANS (Victor J.) &amp; Co., 724-726, Ninth St. N.W. Washington, D.C.</p>
+
+<p>OWEN (Richard B.), Dept. 5, Owen Building, Washington, D.C.</p>
+
+<p>PARKER (C. L.), 30 McGill Building, Washington, D.C.</p></div><p><!-- Page 24d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_24d" id="Page_24d">[Pg 24d]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="PETROL" id="PETROL"></a><b>PETROL.</b></h2>
+
+
+<p><b>AUSTRIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>LEDERER (W.) (<i>Galizche Karpathen Petroleum A.G.</i>), Galicia</p>
+
+<p>NAPHTE UNGARISCHE, 33 Vaczi-Korut, Budapest, Hungary</p>
+
+<p>RUSSIAN-AMERICAN OIL Co., 42 Zozsef, Budapest VIII., Hungary</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>BELGIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>BELGIAN BENZINE Co. (<i>Motogazolin</i>), Haren-Nord</p>
+
+<p>MOTTAY &amp; PISCART (<i>Motocarline</i>), Haren-Nord-lez-Brussels</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>BRITISH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p><b>ANGLO-AMERICAN OIL Co., Ltd.</b>, 36-38 Queen Anne's Gate, Westminster, London, S.W. (<i>Pratt's</i>)</p>
+
+<p>BOWLEYS &amp; Son, Wellington Works, Battersea, London, S.W.</p>
+
+<p>BOWRING PETROLEUM Co., Ltd., 5, Billiter Avenue, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>BRITISH PETROLEUM Co., 22 Fenchurch Street, London, E.C. (<i>Shell</i>)</p>
+
+<p>CARLESS, CAPEL &amp; LEONARD, Hope Chemical Works, Hackney Wick, London, N.E.</p>
+
+<p>GAS LIGHTING IMPROVEMENT Co., Ltd. (<i>Carburine.</i>)</p></div>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+7 Bishopsgate Street Without, London, E.C.<br />
+Royston Castle, Shore Road, Granton, Edinburgh<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>PETROLES DE GROSNYI (Russie) (P.G.R.), 101 Leadenhall Street, London, E.C.</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>BRITISH COLONIES, etc.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>WILSON (J.), 119 Rue Common, Montreal, Canada</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>DANISH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>BEAUVAL &amp; SAXLUND, 18 Kobmagergade, Copenhagen</p>
+
+<p>MEYER &amp; HENCKEL, 60 Kobmagergade, Copenhagen</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>FRENCH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>DEUTSCH (Les de) (<i>Moto-Naptha</i>), 50 Rue de Chateaudun, Paris</p>
+
+<p>FANTO (Cie Des Petroles), 74 Rue St. Lazare, Paris</p>
+
+<p>FENAILLE &amp; DESPEAUX (<i>Benzo Moteur</i>), 11 Rue de Conservatoire, Paris</p>
+
+<p>FIRBACK (E.), 16 Rue Violet, Paris</p>
+
+<p>GERFAUD (C.), 26 Rue du Chateau-d-Eau, Paris</p>
+
+<p>GRAMMONT (Raffineries) (<i>Lesourd</i>), Tours</p>
+
+<p>GUILLAND &amp; VALLET, 36 Chemin St. Mathieu, Lyon</p>
+
+<p>LANGSTAFF, EHRENBERG &amp; POLLACK, 12 Rue d'Enghien, Paris</p>
+
+<p>LASSAILLY (L.), 12 Rue d'Oney, Vitry, Seine</p>
+
+<p>LILLE, BONNIERES ET COLOMBES (Soc. Anym.) (<i>Vaporine &amp; Spiritol</i>), 10 Rue des Pyramides, Paris</p>
+
+<p>NAPHTE CASPIEBBE ET DE LA MER NOIRE (Soci&eacute;t&eacute;), 26 Rue Lafitte, Paris</p>
+
+<p>PETROLES (Cie Generale des) (<i>Naphtacycle</i>), 2 Rue Fongate, Marseilles</p>
+
+<p>PETROLES (Cie Industrielle des), 12 Rue Blanc, Paris</p>
+
+<p>PETROLES DE BINAGADI BAKOU (Soc. des), 11 Place des Vosges, Paris</p>
+
+<p>RAFFINERIE DE PETROLE DU DUNQUERQUE (ENERGIE) (<i>Touriste</i>), 24 Rue Joubert, Paris</p>
+
+<p>RAFFINERIE DE PETROLE DU NORD, 26 Rue
+d'Enghien, Paris (<i>Eoline</i>).</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>ITALIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>ARNOLDIE (G.) &amp; Cie, 37 Via Pavlo da Cannobis, Milan</p>
+
+<p>PETROLI D'ITALIA (Soc.) (<i>Italia</i>), 12 Via Andegari, Milan</p>
+
+<p>PETROLIO (Soc. Ital. Americana), 76 Piazzi Cinque Lampa,
+Genoa</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>ROUMANIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>AQUILA, Franco-Romana, Bucharest</p>
+
+<p>ETOILE ROUMAINE, Bucharest</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>RUSSIAN.</b></p>
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>KAISER (B.), Baku</p>
+
+<p>NANOYAN &amp; Cie, Batum</p>
+
+<p>PITOEFF &amp; Cie, Taflis</p>
+
+<p>SCHIBAEFF &amp; Cie, Baku</p>
+
+<p>TER-AKOPOFF, 3 Place Isaac, St. Petersburg</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>SPANISH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>CATASUS &amp; Co., 1 Colon, Barcelona</p>
+
+<p>DESMARIS FRERES, 8 Rue Claire, Madrid</p>
+
+<p>FOURCADEY PROVOT, 8 Calle de Fernaflor, Madrid</p>
+
+<p>VILELLA, Tarragona</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>SWISS.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>HUILES MINERALES (SOCIETE SUISSE POUR LE COMMERCE DE), Route de Frontenex, Geneva</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>U.S.A.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>ELLIS &amp; Co., 11 Broadway, New York</p>
+
+<p>PETROLEUM OIL TRUST, 27 William Street, New York</p>
+
+<p>PURE OIL Co., 11 William Street, New York</p></div><p><!-- Page 25d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_25d" id="Page_25d">[Pg 25d]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="PROPELLERS" id="PROPELLERS"></a><b>PROPELLERS.</b></h2>
+
+
+<p><b>BELGIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>WANSON (Maurice), 10 Rue Jean Spas, Brussels</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>BRITISH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>AVRO. (See Roe (A.V.) &amp; Co.)</p>
+
+<p>BENEY (R.) &amp; Co., 7 Carlisle Street, Oxford Street, London, W.</p>
+
+<p><b>BLACKBURN</b> (<b>B.</b>), Balm Road, Leeds</p>
+
+<p><b>BRITISH &amp; COLONIAL AEROPLANE Co., Ltd.</b>, Bristol</p>
+
+<p>BROWN Bros., Ltd., 22-34 Great Eastern Street, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>CLARKE (T. W. K.) &amp; Co., 26 Clarges Street, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>DOVER AVIATION Co., Ltd., Dover (<i>Normale</i>)</p>
+
+<p>GENERAL AVIATION CONTRACTORS Ltd., 30 Regent Street, London, S.W. (<i>Rapid</i>)</p>
+
+<p>GRAHAME-WHITE (C.) &amp; Co., Ltd., 1 Albemarle Street, Piccadilly, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>HANDLEY PAGE, Ltd., 72 Victoria Street, London, S.W.</p>
+
+<p>HARRIS &amp; SAMUELS, 10 Dean Street, Oxford Street, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>HOLLAND &amp; HOLLAND, 479-483 Oxford Street, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>LUDWIG LOEWE &amp; Co., Ltd., 30-32 Farringdon Road, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>MADISON DYNAMO ELECTRIC Co., Littleover, Derby</p>
+
+<p>MACFIE (R.F.) &amp;. Co., Norwich Union Chambers, St. James' Street, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>MOTOR ACCESSORIES Co., 55 Great Marlborough Street, London, W.</p>
+
+<p><b>PIGGOTT</b> (<b>Bros.</b>) <b>&amp; Co., Ltd.</b>, 220-222-224 Bishopsgate, London, E.C.</p>
+
+<p>ROE (A. V.) &amp; Co., Brownsfield Mills, Manchester</p>
+
+<p>SMITH &amp; DOREY (G. H. &amp; W. H.), Ltd., 14a Great Marlborough Street, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>SPENCER &amp; SONS (C. G.), 56a, Highbury Grove, London, N.</p>
+
+<p>TWINING AEROPLANE Co., 29b Grosvenor Road, Hanwell, London, W.</p>
+
+<p>WEBB, PEET &amp; Co., Gloucester</p>
+
+<p>W.B.G. (See Wilson, Bros. &amp; Gibson)</p>
+
+<p>WILSON (Bros.) &amp; GIBSON, Twickenham (<i>W. B. G.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>WRIGHT (Howard T.) (See Howard Wright)</p>
+
+<p>WOOD (T.B.), Littleover Works, Derby</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>FRENCH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>APPAREILS A&Eacute;RIENS (Soci&eacute;t&eacute; de Construction D'), 36 Rue du Bois, Levallois-Perret</p>
+
+<p>AVIA (Soci&eacute;t&eacute; G&eacute;n&eacute;rale D'Industrie A&eacute;ronautique), 62 Rue de Provence, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BAUDOT &amp; PAZ, 22 Avenue de la Grande Arm&eacute;e, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BAUJARD (Claude), 309, Faubourg Sainte-Antoine, Paris (<i>Eola</i>)</p>
+
+<p>BREQUET (Louis), Boulevard Vauban, Douai</p>
+
+<p>CHAUVI&Egrave;RE (L.), 52 Rue Servan, Paris (<i>Integrale</i>)</p>
+
+<p>CHERVILLE (M.), 6 Place de l'Od&eacute;on, Paris.</p>
+
+<p>DOREY (W.H.), 14 Rue Torricelli, Paris</p>
+
+<p>DURVILLE (P. N. G.), 38 Rue Jouffroy, Paris.</p>
+
+<p>EOLA (<i>See</i> Baugard)</p>
+
+<p>ESNAULT-PELTERIE (ETABLISSEMENTS), 149 Rue de Silly, Billancourt (<i>R.E.P.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>GODARD (Louis), 170 Rue Legendre, Paris</p>
+
+<p>HELICE (E.T.M.), PARIS INGENIEUR, 17 Rue Cassette, Paris</p>
+
+<p>KAPFERER (M.), 2 Avenue de Messine, Paris (<i>Aero-propulser</i>). (<i>A.P.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>KOECHLIN (P.), 45 Rue Denfert-Rochereau, Boulogne, S.</p>
+
+<p>LABANHIE ET RUTHER, 2 Rue de Seine, Suresnes</p>
+
+<p>LETORD &amp; NIEPCE, 15 Rue Paira et 23 Terre-Neuve, Mendon <i>(Dargent)</i></p>
+
+<p>LIORE, 4 <i>bis</i>, Rue de Cormeille, Levallois-Perret</p>
+
+<p>PANHARD &amp; LEVASSOR (Soci&eacute;t&eacute; Des Anciens &Eacute;tablissements), 19 Avenue D,'Ivry, Paris</p>
+
+<p>PASSERAT &amp; RADIQUET (&Eacute;tablissements), 127 Rue Michel-Bigot, Paris <i>(Progressive)</i></p>
+
+<p>PELLIAT (L.), 15 Grand Rue, Asni&egrave;res (<i>Rationnelle</i>)</p>
+
+<p>PEYZARET-PARANT, 4 <i>bis</i>, Rue Louis-Philippe, Neuilly-sur-Seine, Paris</p>
+
+<p>RATMANOFF, 9 Rue Eug&egrave;ne-Eichenberger, Piteaux <i>(Normale)</i></p>
+
+<p>R&Eacute;GY FRERES (Les Fils de), 120 et 122 Rue de Javel, Paris</p>
+
+<p>R. E. P. (<i>See</i> Esnault-Pelterie)</p>
+
+<p>ROSSEL-PEUGOT, Sochaux, pr&egrave;s Montb&eacute;liard (Doubs) (Soci&eacute;t&eacute; Anonyme des Constructions A&eacute;riennes)</p>
+
+<p>TELLIER (CHANTIERS), Juvissy</p>
+
+<p>THOMAS, 5 Rue des Tanneries, Paris</p>
+
+<p>VINOGRADOW (MICHEL), 83 Quai d'Issy, Issy-les-Moutisn</p>
+
+<p>VOISIN, 34 Quai du Point-du-Jour, Billancourt</p>
+
+<p>VUITTON (LOUIS), 1 Rue Scribe, Paris</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>GERMAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>ERSTE-DEUTSCHE AUTOMOBIL-FACHSCHULE, Mainz</p>
+
+<p>FICHTEL &amp; SACHS, Schweinfurt A.M.</p>
+
+<p>PARSEVAL, Bitterfield</p>
+
+<p>SCHLOTTER (G.A.), Dresden-A. 16</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>U.S.A.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>AERIAL PROPELLER Co., White Plains, New York</p>
+
+<p>AMERICAN PROPELLER Co., Washington, D.C. (<i>Paragon</i>)</p>
+
+<p>BRAUNER (P.) &amp; Co., 335-339 East 102nd Street, New York</p>
+
+<p>CRAFTSMAN PERFECT PROPELLERS, 626 Erie Avenue, Chicago</p>
+
+<p>DETROIT AERONAUTIC CONSTRUCTION Co., 306 Holcomb Avenue, Detroit, Michigan</p>
+
+<p>DUQUET (L. G), 107 W. 36th Street, New York</p>
+
+<p>GREEN (Rurl. H.), 515 Delta Buildings, Los Angeles, Cal.</p>
+
+<p>HOLBROOK AERO. SUPPLY Co., Joplin, Mo.</p>
+
+<p>REQUA-GIBSON, 225 West 49th Street, New York</p>
+
+<p>STUPAR (M.), 9626 Erie Avenue, Chicago</p>
+
+<p>WILCOX PROPELLER, Box 181 Madison Square, New York</p></div><p><!-- Page 26d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_26d" id="Page_26d">[Pg 26d]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="RADIATORS" id="RADIATORS"></a><b>RADIATORS.</b></h2>
+
+
+<p><b>BELGIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>TOL&Eacute;RIE AUTOMOBILE BELGE, 17 Rue des Boyards, Li&egrave;ge</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>BRITISH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>ALBANY MANUFACTURING Co., Willesden Junction, London, N.W.</p>
+
+<p>COVENTRY MOTOR FITTING Co., Far Gasford Street, Coventry</p>
+
+<p>DOHERTY MOTOR COMPONENTS, Ltd., Coventry</p>
+
+<p>LAMPLOUGH &amp; Son, Ltd., Willesden Junction, London, N.W. (<i>Lamplough-Albany</i>)</p>
+
+<p>MOTOR RADIATOR MANUFACTURING Co.:&mdash;</p></div>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+Parkside, Coventry<br />
+23 Tanner Street, Bermondsey, London, S.E.<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>SPIRAL TUBE &amp; COMPONENTS Co., Caledonia Street, King's Cross, London, N.</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>FRENCH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>ARQUEMBOURG (Louis), 157 Faubourg, Saint-Denis, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BANNEVILLE, 119 Rue Saint-Maur, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BARDOU (E.), 150 Rue Victor-Hugo, Levallois-Perret</p>
+
+<p>BAUDIER (Ch.), 30-32 Rue Baudin, Levallois-Perret</p>
+
+<p>BISIAUX, 11 Rue Petit, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BONFILS, 37 Avenue de Saint-Mand&eacute;, Paris</p>
+
+<p>BRACHTEN ET GALLAY, Bellegarde</p>
+
+<p>CHAMPESME, 5 Rue La Vieuville, Paris</p>
+
+<p>CHAROY (G.) Et Cie, 5 Boulevard Voltaire, Paris</p>
+
+<p>CHAUSSON Fr&egrave;res, 27 Rue Malakoff, Asnieres</p>
+
+<p>CHIROL &amp; Cie, 53 Rue de Lorraine, Levallois-Perret</p>
+
+<p>CHOUBERSKY (Soci&eacute;t&eacute; Anonyme des Etablissements), 20 Rue F&eacute;licien-David, Paris</p>
+
+<p>COCHAUX (Emile), Deville</p>
+
+<p>DARBILLY (J.), 198 Boulevard Pereire, Paris</p>
+
+<p>DESNOYERS Freres, 116 Boulevard Richard-Lenoir, Paris</p>
+
+<p>DURAND, GIROUX &amp; Cie, 5 Rue Saint-Marri, Paris</p>
+
+<p>ELECTRIC ACETYLENE (L.), 52 Rue Balay, Saint-Etienne</p>
+
+<p>ELOY (Lucien), Rue Louis Soyer, Villemonble</p>
+
+<p>ENTREPOT METALLURGIGUE (L.), 5 Passage de l'Industrie, Paris</p>
+
+<p>ESTABLIE Freres et Louis Establie, 11 Quai de Valmy, Paris</p>
+
+<p>FREES (De), 19 Rue de Recroy, Paris</p>
+
+<p>FUREST (G.) et Cie, 32 Boulevard Henri-IV., Paris</p>
+
+<p>GAY ET BOURGOENS, 53 Rue Louis-Blanc, Lyon</p>
+
+<p>GOUDARD MENNESSON, 119 Rue de Montreuil, Paris</p>
+
+<p>GRIMMEISEN (Ch. &amp; G.), 5 et 7 Passage Piver, 92 Faubourg du Temple, Paris</p>
+
+<p>GRENIER &amp; MERCIER (SOCIET&Eacute; ANONYME DES ETABLISSEMENTS), 8 Avenue de Bouvines, Paris</p>
+
+<p>GROUVELLE, ARQUEMBOURG ET Cie, Rue du Moulin-Vert, Paris (<i>Ar&eacute;cal</i>)</p>
+
+<p>LAEIS &amp; Cie, 86 Rue de Villiers, Levallois-Perret</p>
+
+<p>LAMBERT (P.) et Cie</p></div>
+
+<div class="blockquot">109 Rue de Paris, Puteaux<br/>
+
+36 Rue Vitruve, Paris</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>LE BRUN ET LECOMTE, 14 Rue Victor-Hugo, Puteaux</p>
+
+<p>LIOTARD Freres, 22 Rue de Lorraine, Paris</p>
+
+<p>LORTHIOY (E.), 9 Avenue du Clos, St. Maur-les-Fosses</p>
+
+<p>MARCHAL (A.), 9 Rue de l'Hotel-de-Ville, Neuilly-sur-Seine</p>
+
+<p>MONTBARBON (Soci&eacute;t&eacute; Anonyme), 47 <i>bis</i>, Rue de Villiers, Neuilly-sur-Seine (<i>Loziano</i>)</p>
+
+<p>MONNET &amp; MOYNE, 11 Rue Torricelli, Paris</p>
+
+<p>MOREUX (G.) &amp; Cie, 24 Rue Fromont, Lyon (<i>G.M.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>OSSANT Freres, 29 Rue Arago, Puteaux</p>
+
+<p>PRINI ET BERTHAUD, 23 Rue Servan, Paris</p>
+
+<p>PROUX, Boulevard Pont-Ochard, Poitiers</p>
+
+<p>RADIATORS ET R&Eacute;FRIG&Eacute;RATUERS (Soci&eacute;t&eacute; des), 54 Rue de la Chapelle, Saint-Ouen (<i>Sans Soudure</i>)</p>
+
+<p>SCHLEY (A.) Et Cie, 204 Rue Saint-Maur (<i>Loyal</i>)</p>
+
+<p>SERROVAL (De) Et MASSE, 17 Rue David, Lyon</p>
+
+<p>TOPOLSKI, 53 Boulevard de Belleville, Paris</p>
+
+<p>VIGNEAUX, 5 Rue Bacon, Paris</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>ITALIAN.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>ALGOSTINO, BALAGNA, MAGNINO &amp; Cia, 107 Madama Cristina, Turin</p>
+
+<p>BONO &amp; Co. (Societa Italiana), 54 Corso Porta, Vittoria, Milan</p>
+
+<p>GALIMBERTI, 20 Via Senato, Milan</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>SPANISH.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>COROMINAS (Ricardo), 45 Torrente de la Olla, Barcelona</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>SWISS.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>HENNEBERG &amp; DEY, &agrave; la Jonction, Geneve-Frontenex</p></div>
+
+
+<p><b>U.S.A.</b></p>
+
+<div class="hanging"><p>AERIAL NAVIGATION Co., of AMERICA, Girard, Kansas (<i>Call.</i>)</p>
+
+<p>EL. ARCO Co., 6 East 31st Street, New York</p>
+
+<p>KINSEY MFTG. Co., Dayton, Ohio</p>
+
+<p>LIVINGSTONE RADIATOR Co., 6 East 31st Street, New York</p>
+
+<p>LONG MFTG. Co., 1430 Michigan Avenue, Chicago</p>
+
+<p>MAYO RADIATOR Co., New Haven, Con.</p>
+
+<p>McCORD &amp; Co., 1400 and 1440 Old Colony Buildings, Chicago</p>
+
+<p>MOTOR COMPONENTS MFTG. Co., 119 E. Walnut Street, Desmoines, Iowa</p>
+
+<p>ROME-TURNEY RADIATOR Co., East 31st Street, New York</p>
+
+<p>WOLVERINE RADIATOR Co., 124 Sidney Avenue, Detroit, Mich.</p></div><p><!-- Page 27d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_27d" id="Page_27d">[Pg 27d]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="ALPHABETICAL_INDEX_OF_AEROPLANES" id="ALPHABETICAL_INDEX_OF_AEROPLANES"></a><b>ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF AEROPLANES.</b></h2>
+
+<p>Abbreviations:&mdash;Aust=Austro-Hungarian; Bel=Belgian; Brit.=British; Ger.=German; Ital.=Italian; Jap.=Japanese; Rou.=Roumanian; Rus.=Russian.</p>
+
+
+<h3><b>A</b></h3>
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>Aeros., Brit., <a href="#Page_37">37</a></p>
+<p>Aerial Exhibition Co., U.S.A., <a href="#Page_207">207</a></p>
+<p>Aerial Yacht Co., U.S.A., <a href="#Page_207">207</a></p>
+<p>Aircraft Factory "B. E." Brit., <a href="#Page_37">37</a></p>
+<p>Aircraft Manufacturing Co., Brit., <a href="#Page_37">37</a></p>
+<p>Albatross, Ger., <a href="#Page_131">131</a></p>
+<p>American Aeroplane Supply House, U.S.A., <a href="#Page_207">207</a></p>
+<p>Antoni, Ital., <a href="#Page_172">172</a></p>
+<p>Ask, Swede, <a href="#Page_197">197</a></p>
+<p>Asteria, Ital., <a href="#Page_172">172</a></p>
+<p>Aviatik, Ger., <a href="#Page_133">133</a></p>
+<p>Avro, Brit., <a href="#Page_38">38</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<h3><b>B</b></h3>
+
+<p>Baldwin, U.S.A., <a href="#Page_208">208</a></p>
+<p>Bayard-Clement, <a href="#Page_87">87</a></p>
+<p>Behueghe, Bel., <a href="#Page_28">28</a></p>
+<p>Benoist, U.S.A., <a href="#Page_209">209</a></p>
+<p>Blackburn, Brit., <a href="#Page_40">40</a></p>
+<p>Blair Atholl, Brit., <a href="#Page_42">42</a></p>
+<p>Bleriot, French, <a href="#Page_81">81</a></p>
+<p>Boland, U.S.A., <a href="#Page_209">209</a></p>
+<p>Borel, French, <a href="#Page_83">83</a></p>
+<p>Bracke, A. Bel., <a href="#Page_28">28</a></p>
+<p>Breguet, French, <a href="#Page_84">84</a></p>
+<p>Bristol, Brit., <a href="#Page_42">42</a></p>
+<p>Bronislawski, Rus., <a href="#Page_190">190</a></p>
+<p>Burgess, U.S.A., <a href="#Page_210">210</a></p>
+<p>Burgess-Curtis, U.S.A., <a href="#Page_211">211</a></p>
+<p>Burgess-Wright, U.S.A., <a href="#Page_210">210</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<h3><b>C</b></h3>
+
+<p>Calderara, Ital., <a href="#Page_173">173</a></p>
+<p>Caproni, Ital., <a href="#Page_174">174</a></p>
+<p>Caudron, French, <a href="#Page_66">66</a></p>
+<p>Chiribiri, Ital., <a href="#Page_174">174</a></p>
+<p>Christmas, U.S.A., <a href="#Page_212">212</a></p>
+<p>Clement Bayard, French, <a href="#Page_87">87</a></p>
+<p>Cody, Brit., <a href="#Page_45">45</a></p>
+<p>Cooke, U.S.A., <a href="#Page_212">212</a></p>
+<p>Coventry Ordnance Co., Brit., <a href="#Page_46">46</a></p>
+<p>Curtiss, U.S.A., <a href="#Page_213">213</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<h3><b>D</b></h3>
+
+<p>Dahlbeck, Swede., <a href="#Page_197">197</a></p>
+<p>D'Artois, French, <a href="#Page_88">88</a></p>
+<p>De Brouckere, Dutch, <a href="#Page_28">28</a></p>
+<p>De la Hault, Bel., <a href="#Page_28">28</a></p>
+<p>Deperdussin, French, <a href="#Page_89">89</a></p>
+<p>Donnet-Leveque, French, <a href="#Page_90">90</a></p>
+<p>Doutre, French, <a href="#Page_91">91</a></p>
+<p>Dorner, Ger., <a href="#Page_134">134</a></p>
+<p>Dunne, Brit., <a href="#Page_47">47</a></p>
+<p>Dux, Rus., <a href="#Page_190">190</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<h3><b>E</b></h3>
+
+<p>Etrich, Ger., <a href="#Page_134">134</a></p>
+<p>Etrich, Aust., <a href="#Page_18">18</a></p>
+<p>Euler, Ger., <a href="#Page_135">135</a></p>
+<p>Ewen, Brit., <a href="#Page_48">48</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<h3><b>F</b></h3>
+
+<p>Farman, H., French, <a href="#Page_92">92</a></p>
+<p>Farman, M., French, <a href="#Page_92">92</a></p>
+<p>Ferguson, Brit., <a href="#Page_48">48</a></p>
+<p>Fokker, Dutch, <a href="#Page_72">72</a></p>
+<p>Fokker, Ger., <a href="#Page_136">136</a></p>
+<p>Friuli, Ital., <a href="#Page_175">175</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<h3><b>G</b></h3>
+
+<p>Gallaudet, U.S.A., <a href="#Page_214">214</a></p>
+<p>Geltouchow, Rus., <a href="#Page_190">190</a></p>
+<p>Goedecker, Ger., <a href="#Page_138">138</a></p>
+<p>Goupy, French, <a href="#Page_94">94</a></p>
+<p>Grade, Ger., <a href="#Page_138">138</a></p>
+<p>Grahame-White, Brit., <a href="#Page_49">49</a></p>
+<p>Grandjean, Swiss., <a href="#Page_199">199</a></p>
+<p>Guidoni, Ital., <a href="#Page_175">175</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<h3><b>H</b></h3>
+
+<p>Handley Page, Brit., <a href="#Page_50">50</a></p>
+<p>Hanriot, French, <a href="#Page_95">95</a></p>
+<p>Hansa Taube, Ger., <a href="#Page_138">138</a></p>
+<p>Hanuschke, Ger., <a href="#Page_140">140</a></p>
+<p>Harlan, Ger., <a href="#Page_139">139</a></p>
+<p>Harel, Bel., <a href="#Page_28">28</a></p>
+<p>Howard-Flanders, Brit., <a href="#Page_51">51</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<h3><b>I</b></h3>
+
+<p>Internat. Ae. Con. Co., U.S.A., <a href="#Page_217">217</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<h3><b>J</b></h3>
+
+<p>Jatho, Ger., <a href="#Page_140">140</a></p>
+<p>Jeannin, Ger., <a href="#Page_141">141</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<h3><b>K</b></h3>
+
+<p>Kahnt, Ger., <a href="#Page_141">141</a></p>
+<p>Kennedy, Rus., <a href="#Page_190">190</a></p>
+<p>Kirkham, U.S.A., <a href="#Page_215">215</a></p>
+<p>Kondor, Ger., <a href="#Page_142">142</a></p>
+<p>Kuhlstein, Ger., <a href="#Page_142">142</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<h3><b>L</b></h3>
+
+<p>Lake Flying Co., Brit., <a href="#Page_53">53</a></p>
+<p>Loening, U.S.A., <a href="#Page_215">215</a></p>
+<p>Lohner-Daimler, Aust., <a href="#Page_19">19</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<h3><b>M</b></h3>
+
+<p>Mars, Ger., <a href="#Page_143">143</a></p>
+<p>Martinsyde, Brit., <a href="#Page_53">53</a></p>
+<p>McCurdy, Canada, <a href="#Page_64">64</a></p>
+<p>Mercep, Aust., <a href="#Page_20">20</a></p>
+<p>Monnier-Harper, Dutch, <a href="#Page_72">72</a></p>
+<p>Morane-Saulnier, French, <a href="#Page_96">96</a></p>
+<p>Moreau, French, <a href="#Page_97">97</a></p>
+<p>Mrozinski, Ger., <a href="#Page_143">143</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<h3><b>N</b></h3>
+
+<p>Narahara, Jap., <a href="#Page_181">181</a></p>
+<p>Nieuport, French, <a href="#Page_98">98</a></p>
+<p>Nyrop, Swede, <a href="#Page_197">197</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<h3><b>O</b></h3>
+
+<p>Oertz, Ger., <a href="#Page_144">144</a></p>
+<p>Otto, Ger., <a href="#Page_144">144</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<h3><b>P</b></h3>
+
+<p>Paulhan-Curtiss, French, <a href="#Page_99">99</a></p>
+<p>Pega-Emich, Ger., <a href="#Page_145">145</a></p>
+<p>Piggott, Brit., <a href="#Page_54">54</a></p>
+<p>Pippart-Noll, Ger., <a href="#Page_145">145</a></p>
+<p>Pischoff, French, <a href="#Page_99">99</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<h3><b>R</b></h3>
+
+<p>Radley-England, Brit., <a href="#Page_54">54</a></p>
+<p>Rep, French, <a href="#Page_100">100</a></p>
+<p>Rodjestveisky, Rus., <a href="#Page_190">190</a></p>
+<p>Rumpler, Ger., <a href="#Page_146">146</a></p>
+<p>Ruth-Rohde, Ger., <a href="#Page_147">147</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<h3><b>S</b></h3>
+
+<p>Sanchez Besa, French, <a href="#Page_101">101</a></p>
+<p>Savary, French, <a href="#Page_102">102</a></p>
+<p>Schelies, Ger., <a href="#Page_147">147</a></p>
+<p>Schultze, Ger., <a href="#Page_148">148</a></p>
+<p>Sellers, U.S.A., <a href="#Page_215">215</a></p>
+<p>Short, Brit., <a href="#Page_54">54</a></p>
+<p>Sigismund, Ger., <a href="#Page_148">148</a></p>
+<p>Sloan, French, <a href="#Page_103">103</a></p>
+<p>Sloane, U.S.A., <a href="#Page_215">215</a></p>
+<p>Sommer, French, <a href="#Page_104">104</a></p>
+<p>Sopwith, Brit., <a href="#Page_57">57</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<h3><b>T</b></h3>
+
+<p>Taddeoli, Swiss, <a href="#Page_199">199</a></p>
+<p>Thomas, U.S.A., <a href="#Page_216">216</a></p>
+<p>Tokogawa, Jap., <a href="#Page_181">181</a></p>
+<p>Train, French, <a href="#Page_105">105</a></p>
+<p>Tubavion, French, <a href="#Page_105">105</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<h3><b>U</b></h3>
+
+<p>Union Flugzeugwerke, Ger., <a href="#Page_149">149</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<h3><b>V</b></h3>
+
+<p>Van den Burg, Dutch, <a href="#Page_72">72</a></p>
+<p>Vickers, Brit., <a href="#Page_58">58</a></p>
+<p>Vinet, French, <a href="#Page_106">106</a></p>
+<p>Vlaiclu, Rou., <a href="#Page_187">187</a></p>
+<p>Voisin, French, <a href="#Page_107">107</a></p>
+<p>Vreedenburgh, Dutch, <a href="#Page_72">72</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<h3><b>W</b></h3>
+
+<p>Warchalowski, Aust., <a href="#Page_21">21</a></p>
+<p>Washington Co., U.S.A., <a href="#Page_217">217</a></p>
+<p>Wetterwald, Swiss, <a href="#Page_199">199</a></p>
+<p>White, Brit., <a href="#Page_59">59</a></p>
+<p>Whitehead, Aust., <a href="#Page_21">21</a></p>
+<p>Williams, Bel., <a href="#Page_28">28</a></p>
+<p>Wittemann, U.S.A., <a href="#Page_217">217</a></p>
+<p>Wright, Ger., <a href="#Page_150">150</a></p>
+<p>Wright, U.S.A., <a href="#Page_218">218</a>-<a href="#Page_219">219</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<h3><b>Z</b></h3>
+
+<p>Ziegler, Ger., <a href="#Page_150">150</a></p>
+<p>Ziegler, Aust., <a href="#Page_21">21</a></p>
+<p>Zodiac, French, <a href="#Page_108">108</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page 28d --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_28d" id="Page_28d">[Pg 28d]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="ALPHABETICAL_INDEX_OF_DIRIGIBLES" id="ALPHABETICAL_INDEX_OF_DIRIGIBLES"></a><b>ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF DIRIGIBLES.</b></h2>
+
+
+
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>Adjutant Reau, French, <a href="#Page_109">109</a> <a href="#Page_113">113</a></p>
+<p>Adjutant Re Vincennot, French, <a href="#Page_109">109</a> <a href="#Page_113">113</a></p>
+<p>Astra, French, <a href="#Page_111">111</a></p>
+<p>Astra Torres, British, <a href="#Page_60">60</a></p>
+<p>Astra Torres, French, <a href="#Page_115">115</a></p>
+<p>Astra III, Russian, <a href="#Page_193">193</a></p>
+<p>Astra Transaerien-Ville de Pau-Ville de Lucerne, French, <a href="#Page_111">111</a></p>
+<p>Astra Ville de Pau, French, <a href="#Page_111">111</a></p>
+<p>Ausonia, Italian, <a href="#Page_179">179</a></p>
+</div>
+<p></p>
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>Beta, British, <a href="#Page_60">60</a></p>
+<p>Boemcher II, Austrian, <a href="#Page_23">23</a></p>
+</div>
+<p></p>
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>Capitaine Ferber, French, <a href="#Page_109">109</a></p>
+<p>Capitan Mar&eacute;chal, French, <a href="#Page_109">109</a></p>
+<p>Citta di Milano, Italian, <a href="#Page_177">177</a></p>
+<p>Clement Bayard VI. French, <a href="#Page_109">109</a></p>
+<p>Clement Bayard, Russian, <a href="#Page_191">191</a></p>
+<p>Colonel Renard, French, <a href="#Page_109">109</a> <a href="#Page_112">112</a></p>
+<p>Commandant Coutelle, French, <a href="#Page_109">109</a></p>
+</div>
+<p></p>
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>Delta, British, <a href="#Page_60">60</a></p>
+<p>Deutschland, German, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p>
+<p>Dupuy-de-L&ocirc;me, French, <a href="#Page_117">117</a></p>
+</div>
+<p></p>
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>Eclaireur Cont&eacute;, French, <a href="#Page_109">109</a> <a href="#Page_114">114</a></p>
+<p>Epsilon, British, <a href="#Page_60">60</a></p>
+<p>Ersatz Deutschland, German, <a href="#Page_166">166</a></p>
+<p>Espana, Spanish, <a href="#Page_195">195</a></p>
+</div>
+<p></p>
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>Fleurus, French, <a href="#Page_109">109</a></p>
+<p>Forszmann, Russian, <a href="#Page_191">191</a></p>
+</div>
+<p></p>
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>Gamma, British, <a href="#Page_60">60</a></p>
+</div>
+<p></p>
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>Hausa, German, <a href="#Page_167">167</a></p>
+</div>
+<p></p>
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>Italia, Italian, <a href="#Page_179">179</a></p>
+</div>
+<p></p>
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>Jastreb, Russian, <a href="#Page_191">191</a></p>
+</div>
+<p></p>
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>Kommissiony, Russian, <a href="#Page_191">191</a></p>
+<p>Korting-Wimpassing, Austrian, <a href="#Page_24">24</a></p>
+</div>
+<p></p>
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>La Belgique II &amp; III, Belgian, <a href="#Page_29">29</a> <a href="#Page_30">30</a></p>
+<p>Lebaudy-Juillot 6, Austrian, 23</p>
+<p>Lebedj, Russian, <a href="#Page_191">191</a></p>
+<p>Leonardo da Vinci, Italian, <a href="#Page_179">179</a></p>
+<p>Le Temps, French, <a href="#Page_109">109</a></p>
+<p>Libert&eacute;, French, <a href="#Page_109">109</a></p>
+<p>Lieut. Chaure, French, <a href="#Page_109">109</a> <a href="#Page_113">113</a></p>
+<p>L I, German, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p>
+<p>L II, German, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p>
+<p>Le Temps, French, <a href="#Page_122">122</a></p>
+<p>Liberte, French, <a href="#Page_109">109</a></p>
+</div>
+<p></p>
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>M I, German, <a href="#Page_154">154</a></p>
+<p>M II, German, <a href="#Page_154">154</a></p>
+<p>M III, German, <a href="#Page_154">154</a></p>
+<p>M IV, German, <a href="#Page_155">155</a></p>
+<p>Mannsbarth, Austrian, <a href="#Page_24">24</a></p>
+</div>
+<p></p>
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>P I, German, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p>
+<p>P II <i>Ersatz</i>, German, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p>
+<p>P III, German, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p>
+<p>P IV, German, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p>
+<p>P. L I, German, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p>
+<p>P. L 9, German, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p>
+<p>P. L XII, German, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p>
+<p>P. L 10, German, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p>
+<p>Parseval, Austrian, <a href="#Page_25">25</a></p>
+<p>Parseval, British, <a href="#Page_160">160</a></p>
+<p>Parseval, German, <a href="#Page_157">157</a>, <a href="#Page_158">158</a>, <a href="#Page_159">159</a>, <a href="#Page_160">160</a>, <a href="#Page_161">161</a></p>
+<p>Parseval, Italian, <a href="#Page_177">177</a></p>
+<p>Parseval, Japanese, <a href="#Page_182">182</a></p>
+</div>
+<p></p>
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>Ruthenberg II, III, German, <a href="#Page_162">162</a></p>
+</div>
+<p></p>
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>Sachsen, German, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p>
+<p>Sch&uuml;tte-Lanz I &amp; II, German, <a href="#Page_163">163</a></p>
+<p>S. L I, German, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p>
+<p>S. L II, German, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p>
+<p>Selle de Beauchamp, French, <a href="#Page_109">109</a></p>
+<p>Spiess, French, <a href="#Page_109">109</a></p>
+<p>Stollwerck, German, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p>
+<p>Suchard, German, <a href="#Page_163">163</a></p>
+<p>S. I. II, German, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p>
+<p>Suchard, German, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p>
+</div>
+<p></p>
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>Torres-Quevedo II, Spanish, <a href="#Page_195">195</a></p>
+<p>Transaerienne II, French, <a href="#Page_113">113</a></p>
+</div>
+<p></p>
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>Usuelli, Italian, <a href="#Page_179">179</a></p>
+</div>
+<p></p>
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>Vanniman, <a href="#Page_10d">10d</a></p>
+<p>Viktoria Luise, German, <a href="#Page_166">166</a></p>
+<p>Ville de Bruxelles, Belgian, <a href="#Page_30">30</a></p>
+<p>Ville de Lucerne, French, <a href="#Page_111">111</a></p>
+<p>Ville de Paris, French, <a href="#Page_110">110</a></p>
+</div>
+<p></p>
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>Willows, British, <a href="#Page_60">60</a></p>
+</div>
+<p></p>
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>Yamada, Japanese, <a href="#Page_182">182</a></p>
+</div>
+<p></p>
+<div class="hanging">
+<p>Z I, German, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p>
+<p>Z II, German, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p>
+<p>Z III, German, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p>
+<p>Z IV, German, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p>
+<p>Zeppelin, German, <a href="#Page_164">164</a>, <a href="#Page_165">165</a> <a href="#Page_166">166</a></p>
+<p>Zodiac III, French, <a href="#Page_120">120</a></p>
+<p>Zodiac XII, French, <a href="#Page_125">125</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<div style="height:6em!important;">&nbsp;</div>
+<hr/>
+<p><!-- Page i --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_i" id="Page_i" href="images/ill_003.jpg">[Pg i]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="smcap bbox" style="width:20%;float:right; padding:10px;">Contractors to the majority
+of leading governments of
+the world.</div>
+
+<div style="font-size:36px;">The Celebrated</div>
+
+<div class="smcap bbox" style="width:20%;float:left; padding:10px;margin:10px;">Contractors to h. m. war
+office and admiralty.</div>
+
+<div style="font-size:56px; text-align:center;">"Bristol"</div>
+
+<div style="font-size:36px; text-align:right;">Aeroplanes.</div>
+
+<div class="bt">
+<div class="figleft" style="width:45%; text-align:left;">
+<span class="u">LEARN TO FLY</span>
+
+<blockquote>
+<p>
+<span class="f7">AT THE</span><br />
+
+<span class="f15"><i>"BRISTOL SCHOOLS"</i></span><br />
+
+AT SALISBURY PLAIN and BROOKLANDS.
+</p>
+</blockquote>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figright bl" style="width:45%; text-align:left;">
+<span class="u">TUITION</span>
+
+<span class="f7"><i>is given on all the latest type
+"BRISTOL" MACHINES, including:</i></span>
+
+<blockquote>
+<ul>
+<li><i>80 H.P. MILITARY MONOPLANES.</i></li>
+<li><i>50 H.P. MILITARY MONOPLANES.</i></li>
+<li><i>50 H.P. SIDE-BY-SIDE SCHOOL MONOPLANES.</i></li>
+<li><i>TRACTOR BIPLANES &amp; SCHOOL BIPLANES.</i></li>
+</ul>
+</blockquote>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<div style="clear:both; padding-bottom:8px" class="center bb">SPECIAL FACILITIES AND REDUCED FEES TO SERVICE OFFICERS.</div>
+
+<div class="center">
+<span class="f7">WRITE FOR INFORMATION:</span><br />
+
+<span class="f15">THE BRITISH &amp; COLONIAL AEROPLANE Co., Ltd.,</span><br />
+
+FILTON, BRISTOL, ENG.</div>
+
+<hr/>
+
+<p><!-- Page ii --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_ii" id="Page_ii" href="images/ill_004.jpg">[Pg ii]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="bbox center">
+<div class="u f15" style="width:15em;text-align:center;margin:auto;position:relative; top:-.8em; background:white;">"EMPYREAN" POLICY</div>
+
+<i><b>INSURING PILOTS OF AEROPLANES AGAINST</b></i><br />
+
+<div class="figleft" style="width:30%">
+FIRE &amp; EXPLOSION.<br />
+THIRD PARTY CLAIMS.</div>
+
+<div class="figright" style="width:30%">
+DAMAGE DURING TRANSIT.<br />
+INJURY TO EMPLOYEES.</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width:30%">
+ACCIDENTAL DAMAGE.<br />
+INJURY TO PILOTS.</div>
+
+<hr style="width:60%"/>
+
+<div style="clear:both;">
+<div class="figleft" style="margin:0;margin-left:1em;padding:.5em;width:20%;">
+<img src="images/ill_004a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Emblem" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<div class="figright" style="width:70%">
+<span style="font-size:4em; vertical-align:top;">CAR</span>
+<span style="font-size:2em;">&amp; GENERAL</span><br/>
+INSURANCE CORPORATION, LIMITED.</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear">
+
+<div class="figright" style="width:35%;">LIQUID ASSETS nearly &pound;200,000.</div>
+
+<div class="figleft" style="width:20%;">NET INCOME, &pound;290,000.</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width:35%">HEAD OFFICE:<br/>
+1, QUEEN VICTORIA STREET (BANK), LONDON, E.C.</div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<p class="center"><b><i>BRANCH OFFICES.</i></b></p>
+
+<div style="float:left; text-align:left; width:30%;" class="f7">
+<b>ABERDEEN</b>&mdash;245, Union Street<br />
+<b>BEDFORD</b>&mdash;17, St. Paul's Square<br />
+<b>BIRMINGHAM</b>&mdash;Prince's Chambers, 6 Corporation Street<br />
+<b>BRADFORD</b>&mdash;Prudential Buildings, Ivegate<br />
+<b>BRIGHTON</b>&mdash;18, Queen's Road<br />
+<b>BRISTOL</b>&mdash;West India House, Bristol Bridge<br />
+<b>CARDIFF</b>&mdash;1, Bank Buildings (Ground Floor), St. Mary St.<br />
+<b>CROYDON</b>&mdash;52, North End<br />
+<b>DUBLIN</b>&mdash;33, Dawson Street<br />
+<b>DUNDEE</b>&mdash;14, Barrack Street<br />
+<b>EALING</b>&mdash;19, The Broadway<br />
+<b>EDINBURGH</b>&mdash;87, Shandwick Place<br />
+</div>
+
+<div style="float:left; text-align:left; width:30%;" class="f7"><b>EXETER</b>&mdash;28, Gandy Street<br />
+<b>GLASGOW</b>&mdash;163, West George Street<br />
+<b>HANLEY</b>&mdash;P.O. Chambers, Crown Bank<br />
+<b>HULL</b>&mdash;Walton Chambers, 48 Jameson Street<br />
+<b>IPSWICH</b>&mdash;St Mildred's Chambers, Cornhill<br />
+<b>KENT</b>&mdash;137-138, High Street, Bromley<br />
+<b>LEEDS</b>&mdash;Yorkshire Post Chambers, Albion Street<br />
+<b>LEICESTER</b>&mdash;1, Horsefair Street<br />
+<b>LIVERPOOL</b>&mdash;2, South John Street (Lord Street Corner)<br />
+<b>LONDON, N.E.</b>&mdash;124, High Street, Shoreditch<br />
+<b>LONDON MID.</b>&mdash;379, Strand, W.C.<br />
+<b>LONDON S.</b>&mdash;222, Great Dover Street, S.E.<br />
+</div>
+
+<div style="float:left; text-align:left; width:30%;" class="f7">
+<b>LONDON S.W.</b>&mdash;222, Great Dover Street, S.E.<br />
+<b>LONDON W.</b>&mdash;1, Albemarle Street, Piccadilly<br />
+<b>MANCHESTER</b>&mdash;1, Princess Street, Albert Square<br />
+<b>NEWCASTLE</b>&mdash;Pearl Buildings, Northumberland Street<br />
+<b>NORTHAMPTON</b>&mdash;Market Square<br />
+<b>NOTTINGHAM</b>&mdash;Westminster Buildings, Theatre Square<br />
+<b>PLYMOUTH</b>&mdash;90, Old Town Street<br />
+<b>READING</b>&mdash;Broadway Buildings, Station Road<br />
+<b>RICHMOND</b>&mdash;26, Hill Street<br />
+<b>SHEFFIELD</b>&mdash;King's Chambers, Angel St.<br />
+<b>SOUTHAMPTON</b>&mdash;Blenheim Chambers, Above Bar (the Junction)<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<hr style="width:60%"/>
+
+<p class="center"><i>WE ARE THE PIONEERS AND LEADERS IN ALL INSURANCE FACILITIES FOR MOTORISTS.</i></p>
+
+<hr style="width:40%"/>
+
+<p class="center">MORE THAN MONEY INDEMNITY.</p>
+
+<p>Our <b>35</b> Branch Offices in charge of skilled Salaried Official, our Engineering Staff wholly in the service of the Corporation, our expert Claims Staff everywhere, and the fact that we are the Pioneers and
+Originators of all the Insurance Facilities now enjoyed by Motorists, enable us to offer something more than money indemnity; we can, and do, protect a motorist in a thousand ways, unobtainable elsewhere, by
+means of our experience and splendid organisation, and yet we only charge <b>competitive rates of Premiums</b>.</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<p><!-- Page iii --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_iii" id="Page_iii">[Pg iii]</a></span></p>
+
+<h2><a name="ALPHABETICAL_LIST_OF_ADVERTISERS" id="ALPHABETICAL_LIST_OF_ADVERTISERS"></a>ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ADVERTISERS.</h2>
+
+
+<table class="tcenter" summary="Alphabetical List of Advertisers">
+<tr><td></td><td>PAGE</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Anglo-American Oil Co., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xii">xii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Barbet-Massin, Popelin &amp; Cie (<i>France</i>)</td><td><a href="#Page_xi">xi</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Blackburn Aeroplane Co.</td><td><a href="#Page_vii">vii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Branger (<i>France</i>)</td><td><a href="#Page_xiii">xiii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Bray, Gibb &amp; Co., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_ix">ix</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>British &amp; Colonial Aeroplane Co., Ltd.</td><td><i><a href="#Page_i">inside front cover</a></i></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Burberrys'</td><td><a href="#Page_vii">vii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Car &amp; General Insurance Corporation, Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_ii">ii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Coan, Robert W.</td><td><a href="#Page_vi">vi</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Continental Tyre &amp; Rubber Co., (Gt. Britain) Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_vii">vii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Cox, G.H. &amp; Co., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_vi">vi</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Crosby Lockwood &amp; Son</td><td><a href="#Page_vi">vi</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Doutre, Appareils d'Aviation (<i>France</i>)</td><td><a href="#Page_v">v</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Drummond Bros., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_viii">viii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Eisemann Magneto Co.</td><td><a href="#Page_xii">xii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td><i>Fighting Ships</i></td><td><a href="#Page_xiv">xiv</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>"Geographia," Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_vi">vi</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Hasler Co., The</td><td><a href="#Page_viii">viii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Howard-Flanders, L., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xi">xi</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Hoyt Metal Company of Great Britain, Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_vi">vi</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Jones Brothers, Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xi">xi</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Kemp Machine Works (<i>U.S.A.</i>)</td><td><a href="#Page_xiii">xiii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Knowles Oxygen Co., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_vii">vii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Mallinson, Wm. &amp; Sons, Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_ix">ix</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Martin &amp; Handasyde</td><td><a href="#Page_x">x</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Mea Magneto Co., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xiii">xiii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Owen, Joseph &amp; Sons, Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xi">xi</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Piggott Bros. &amp; Co., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xi">xi</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Pratt's Motor Spirit</td><td><a href="#Page_xii">xii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Rogers Brothers</td><td><a href="#Page_xi">xi</a> &amp; <a href="#Page_xiv">xiv</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Sampson Low, Marston &amp; Co., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xiv">xiv</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Sopwith Aviation Co.</td><td><a href="#Page_ix">ix</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Stanley, Popplewell &amp; Co.</td><td><a href="#Page_vii">vii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Thorn &amp; Hoddle Acetylene Co., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_viii">viii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Valdenaire, H., Adenet &amp; Cie (<i>France</i>).</td><td><a href="#Page_xiii">xiii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Vandervell, C.A. &amp; Co.</td><td><a href="#Page_viii">viii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Vickers, Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xv">xv</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>White &amp; Poppe, Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_vii">vii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Whiteman &amp; Moss, Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_viii">viii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Wolseley Tool &amp; Motor Car Co., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_vi">vi</a></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<p><!-- Page iv --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_iv" id="Page_iv">[Pg iv]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+
+<h2><a name="CLASSIFIED_INDEX_OF_ADVERTISERS" id="CLASSIFIED_INDEX_OF_ADVERTISERS"></a>CLASSIFIED INDEX OF ADVERTISERS.</h2>
+
+
+<table class="tcenter" summary="Classified Index of Advertisers">
+<tr><td><b>Accessories.</b></td><td>PAGE</td></tr>
+<tr><td>Anglo-American Oil Co., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xii">xii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Barbet-Massin, Popelin &amp; Cie (<i>France</i>)</td><td><a href="#Page_xi">xi</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Coan, Robert W.</td><td><a href="#Page_vi">vi</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Eisemann Magneto Co.</td><td><a href="#Page_xii">xii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>"Geographia," Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_vi">vi</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Hasler Co., The</td><td><a href="#Page_viii">viii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Jones Brothers, Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xi">xi</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Mallinson, Wm. &amp; Sons, Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_ix">ix</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Mea Magneto Co., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xiii">xiii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Owen, Joseph &amp; Sons, Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xi">xi</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Piggott Brothers &amp; Co., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xi">xi</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Pratt's Motor Spirit</td><td><a href="#Page_xii">xii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Rogers Brothers</td><td><a href="#Page_xi">xi</a> &amp; <a href="#Page_xiv">xiv</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Valdenaire, H., Adenet &amp; Cie (<i>France</i>)</td><td><a href="#Page_xiii">xiii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Vandervell, C.A., &amp; Co.</td><td><a href="#Page_viii">viii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>White &amp; Poppe, Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_vii">vii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Whiteman &amp; Moss, Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_viii">viii</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Aeroplane Builders.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Blackburn Aeroplane Co.</td><td><a href="#Page_vii">vii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>British &amp; Colonial Aeroplane Co. Ltd.,</td><td><a href="#Page_i">inside front cover</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Doutre, Appareils d'Aviation (<i>France</i>)</td><td><a href="#Page_v">v</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Howard-Flanders, L., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xi">xi</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Martin &amp; Handasyde</td><td><a href="#Page_x">x</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Sopwith Aviation Co.</td><td><a href="#Page_ix">ix</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Vickers, Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xv">xv</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Aluminium.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Coan, Robert W.</td><td><a href="#Page_vi">vi</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Aviation Garments.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Burberrys'</td><td><a href="#Page_vii">vii</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Bearings.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Hoyt Metal Co., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_vi">vi</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Castings.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Coan, Robert W.</td><td><a href="#Page_vi">vi</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Carburettors.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>White &amp; Poppe, Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_vii">vii</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Dynamos.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Eisemann Magneto Co.</td><td><a href="#Page_xii">xii</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Electric Lighting.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Vandervell, C.A., &amp; Co.</td><td><a href="#Page_viii">viii</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Engines.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Kemp Machine Works (<i>U.S.A.</i>)</td><td><a href="#Page_xiii">xiii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Wolseley Tool &amp; Motor Car Co., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_vi">vi</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Fabrics.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Barbet-Massin, Poplin &amp; Cie (<i>France</i>)</td><td><a href="#Page_xi">xi</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Continental Tyre &amp; Rubber Co. (Gt. Britain) Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_vii">vii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Jones Brothers, Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xi">xi</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Rogers Brothers</td><td><a href="#Page_xi">xi</a> &amp; <a href="#Page_xiv">xiv</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Valdenaire, H., Adenet &amp; Cie (<i>France</i>)</td><td><a href="#Page_xiii">xiii</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Flying Schools.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Blackburn Aeroplane Co.</td><td><a href="#Page_vii">vii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>British &amp; Colonial Aeroplane Co. Ltd.,</td><td><a href="#Page_i">inside front cover</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Doutre, Appareils d'Aviation (<i>France</i>)</td><td><a href="#Page_v">v</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Howard-Flanders, L., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xi">xi</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Martin &amp; Handasyde</td><td><a href="#Page_x">x</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Sopwith Aviation Co.</td><td><a href="#Page_ix">ix</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Vickers, Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xv">xv</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Garage.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Cox, G.H. &amp; Co., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_vi">vi</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Hangar and Shed Builders.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Piggott Bros. &amp; Co., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xi">xi</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Hardwoods.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Mallinson, William &amp; Sons</td><td><a href="#Page_ix">ix</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Owen, Joseph &amp; Sons, Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xi">xi</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Hydrogen.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Knowles Oxygen Co.</td><td><a href="#Page_vii">vii</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Indicators.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Hasler Co., The</td><td><a href="#Page_viii">viii</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Insurance.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Bray, Gibb &amp; Co., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_ix">ix</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Car &amp; General Insurance Corporation, Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_ii">ii</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Life Saving Vests.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Rogers Brothers</td><td><a href="#Page_xi">xi</a> &amp; <a href="#Page_xi">xiv</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Machine Tools.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Drummond Bros. Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_viii">viii</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Magnetos.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Eisemann Magneto Co.</td><td><a href="#Page_xii">xii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Mea Magneto Co., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xiii">xiii</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Maps (specially designed).</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>"Geographia," Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_vi">vi</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Motor Spirit.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Anglo-American Oil Co., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xii">xii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Pratt's Motor Spirit</td><td><a href="#Page_xii">xii</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Patent Agents.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Stanley, Popplewell &amp; Co.</td><td><a href="#Page_vii">vii</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Photographer.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Branger (<i>France</i>)</td><td><a href="#Page_xiii">xiii</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Publishers.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Crosby Lockwood &amp; Son</td><td><a href="#Page_vi">vi</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>"Geographia," Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_vi">vi</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Sampson Low, Marston &amp; Co., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xiv">xiv</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Stabilisateurs.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Doutre, Appareils d'Aviation</td><td><a href="#Page_v">v</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Tuition.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Blackburn Aeroplane Co.</td><td><a href="#Page_vii">vii</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>British &amp; Colonial Aeroplane Co. Ltd.,</td><td><a href="#Page_i">inside front cover</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Doutre, Appareils d'Aviation (<i>France</i>)</td><td><a href="#Page_v">v</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Howard-Flanders, L., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xi">xi</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Martin &amp; Handasyde</td><td><a href="#Page_x">x</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Sopwith Aviation Co.</td><td><a href="#Page_ix">ix</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Vickers, Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_xv">xv</a></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td><b>Welding.</b></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td>Thorn &amp; Hoddle Acetylene Co., Ltd.</td><td><a href="#Page_viii">viii</a></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><!-- Page v --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_v" id="Page_v" href="images/ill_007.jpg">[Pg v]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<table style="border:1px solid black; text-align:center;" summary="advertisement">
+<tr><td style="width: 33%; vertical-align:top;">
+    <img src="images/ill_007a.jpg" width="100%" alt="ECOLE MILITAIRE DE CORBEAULIEU." title="" /><br/>
+    <span class="caption f7">ECOLE MILITAIRE DE CORBEAULIEU.</span>
+</td><td style="width: 33%; vertical-align:top;">
+    <img src="images/ill_007b.jpg" width="100%" alt="STABILISATEUR DOUTRE." title="" /><br/>
+    <span class="caption f7">STABILISATEUR DOUTRE.</span>
+</td><td style="width: 33%; vertical-align:top;">
+    <img src="images/ill_007c.jpg" width="100%" alt="A&Eacute;ROPLANE DOUTRE." title="" /><br/>
+    <span class="caption f7">A&Eacute;ROPLANE DOUTRE.</span>
+</td></tr>
+
+<tr><td colspan="3" class="bt">
+<span style="font-size:1.7em;"><i>BIPLANS TRIPLACES</i></span>
+<br />
+<span class="f9"><i>les mieux construits, les plus surs et automatiquement stabilis&eacute;s</i></span>
+<br />
+<i>ECOLE CIVILE ET MILITAIRE</i>
+<i>Aerodrome de
+Corbeaulieu
+pr&egrave;s Compi&egrave;gne
+France.</i>
+</td></tr>
+
+<tr><td colspan="3" class="bt bb">
+<span style="font-size:2em;"><i>S<sup>t&eacute;</sup> des APPAREILS d'AVIATION DOUTRE</i></span>
+<br />
+<span class="f9"><i>Fournisseurs des arm&eacute;es Fran&ccedil;aises et Etrangires.</i></span>
+</td></tr>
+
+<tr><td colspan="3">
+<span class="f9"><i>LE SUEL</i>
+<i>STABILISATEUR</i>
+<i>AUTOMATIQUE PESANT</i>
+<i>TOUT &Eacute;QUIP&Eacute; DOUZE &Agrave; QUINZE</i>
+<i>KILOGS ET AYANT FAIT SES PREUVES</i>
+<i>PAR PLUS DE DEUX MILLE VOLS SANS ACCIDENT.</i>
+<i>APPLICABLE &Agrave; TOUS LES A&Eacute;ROPLANES ET HYDROA&Eacute;ROPLANES.</i></span>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<i>S&Eacute;CURIT&Eacute; ABSOLUE, VOL PAR TOUS LES TEMPS.</i>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<span class="f9">CATALOGUE FRANCO SUR DEMANDE - FETTERER DIRECTEUR G&Eacute;N&Eacute;RAL. 58 RUE TAITBOUT. PARIS.      T&Eacute;L&Eacute;PH CENTRAL 37-53.</span>
+</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><!-- Page vi --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_vi" id="Page_vi" href="images/ill_008.jpg">[Pg vi]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<div class="bbox" style="border-width: 1px 1px 3px 3px; text-align:center; padding:5px;">
+<span style="font-size:1.3em">Aluminium Castings</span><br/>
+
+<span class="f9">FOR MOTORS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION,<br />
+2 H.P. to 200 H.P.</span><br/>
+
+<div class="figleft" style="width:30%;">CAST ALUMINIUM MOTOR<br />
+NUMBER PLATES<br />
+(Regulation Size).</div>
+
+<div class="figright" style="width:30%;">BRIGHT POLISHED FIGURES
+AND BEADED EDGES, WITH
+DEAD BLACK BACK GROUND.</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width:20%;">
+<div class="neg">LA.1742</div>
+<div class="neg">R&middot;5077</div></div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+<div>Send for particulars of my new COMBINED TOURING PLATE (Reg.)</div>
+
+<hr/>
+
+<div class="f7">Telegrams: "KRANKASES," ISLING, LONDON.
+&nbsp;&nbsp; Telephones: 3846 City. 4879 Central.</div>
+
+<div class="neg figleft" style="text-align:left;">
+<span class="smcap">Coan</span><br />
+<span class="smcap">Casts</span><br />
+<span class="smcap">Clean</span><br />
+<span class="smcap">Crank</span><br />
+<span class="smcap">Cases</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="figright" style="width:17%">
+  <img src="images/ill_008a.jpg" width="100%" alt="THE SOCIETY OF MOTOR
+  MANUFACTURERS &amp; TRADERS" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<span class="f7">ON ADMIRALTY AND WAR OFFICE LISTS.</span><br/>
+
+<span class="f15">ROBERT W. COAN,</span><br />
+<span class="f7"><i>THE ALUMINIUM FOUNDRY,</i></span><br />
+219, GOSWELL ROAD, E.C.
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="bbox figleft" style="text-align:center; padding:5px; width: 45%;">
+
+<span class="smcap"><span class="f15">WOLSELEY</span><br />
+<span style="font-size:.7em;">LIGHT</span><br />
+<span style="font-size:1.5em;">Aero Motors</span></span><br/>
+
+60 H.P. and 120 H.P. (water cooled).<br />
+60-80 H.P. (combined air and water cooled.)<br />
+<hr style="margin:5px auto"/>
+<span style="font-size:.7em;">Catalogue free on application to</span><br />
+
+THE WOLSELEY TOOL AND
+MOTOR CAR Co., Ltd.<br /><br />
+
+<span style="font-size:.8em;">Proprietors:</span> VICKERS, Limited,
+ADDERLEY PARK, BIRMINGHAM.
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="bbox figright" style="width:45%; padding: 5px;">
+<span style="font-size:1.5em">"Geographia," Ltd.</span><br />
+<span style="font-size:1.3em">33, STRAND, W.C.</span><br />
+<hr style="margin: 0 auto;"/>
+<span style="font-size:.9em">SPECIALISTS IN AVIATION ACCESSORIES.</span><br />
+Alexander Cross - ANTI-DRIFT COMPASS<br />
+Alexander Cross - BEARING FINDER<br />
+Alexander Cross - MAP CASE<br />
+"GEOGRAPHIA" BAROGRAPHS and HEIGHT<br />
+RECORDERS.<br />
+MAPS FOR AVIATORS DRAWN TO ORDER.<br />
+AVIATION MAPS FROM AERODROME TO
+AERODROME ALWAYS IN STOCK.<br />
+<hr style="margin:0 auto" />
+ASK FOR ILLUSTRATED PRICE LIST.<br />
+<span style="font-size:.8em">Telegraphic Address:&mdash;"Geografo, London."<br />
+Telephone 4965 City.</span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<div class="bbox figleft" style="width:45%; padding: 5px;">
+<span class="u" style="font-size:1.5em;">G. H. Cox &amp; Co., Ltd.</span><br />
+<br />
+CASTLE ROAD,<br />
+SOUTHSEA,<br />
+:: HANTS. ::<br />
+<hr />
+LARGEST GARAGE IN ::<br />
+THE SOUTH OF ENGLAND.<br />
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="bbox figright" style="width:45%; padding: 5px;">
+<img src="images/ill_008b.jpg" width="100%" alt="HOYT METAL CO. LONDON
+THE FORMER UNREGISTERABLE BRAND
+ICE - INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE REG.
+LINING METAL
+
+HOYT METAL CO.
+COPPER HARDENED.
+
+HAS BEEN ABANDONED TO IMITATORS." title="" />
+
+<span style="font-size:.7em">TRIAL INGOTS CHEERFULLY SUPPLIED.</span><br />
+<hr style="margin: 0 auto"/>
+RECENT||RECORDS:<br />
+
+<span style="font-size:.7em">A.B.C. (AERO) 45 H.P. ENGINE&mdash;8 HRS. 23 MIN.<br />
+TALBOT 25 H.P. CAR&mdash;103&frac34; MILES IN 1 HOUR.<br />
+PEUGEOT 30 H.P. CAR&mdash;106-1/5 MILES IN 1 HOUR.</span><br />
+<hr style="margin: 0 auto;"/>
+DIE-CAST BEARINGS<br />
+FOR REPETITION WORK.<br />
+<hr style="margin: 0 auto;" />
+<strong>THE HOYT METAL CO.</strong><br />
+<span style="font-size:.7em">OF GREAT BRITAIN, LIMITED.<br />
+26, BILLITER STREET, LONDON, E.C.</span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+
+<div class="bbox center">
+<span class="u" style="font-size:1.5em;">TWO IMPORTANT BOOKS ON AVIATION.</span><br />
+180 Pages, with Diagrams. Crown 8vo. <b>3s. 6d.</b> net.<br />
+<span style="font-size:1.5em;">THE AVIATION POCKET BOOK for 1913.</span><br />
+<strong>Containing amongst other valuable information, the Theory and Design of the Aeroplane, Structural<br />
+Material, Examples of Actual Machines, &amp;c., &amp;c.</strong><br />
+<br />
+By R. BORLASE MATTHEWS, A.M.I.C.E., M.I.E.E., <i>Member of the Royal Aero Club</i>.<br />
+<br />
+CONTENTS: Air Pressure and Resistance&mdash;Aeroplane Theory and Design&mdash;Structural Materials&mdash;Engines&mdash;Examples<br />
+of Actual Machines&mdash;Piloting and Aerial Navigation&mdash;Meteorological Data&mdash;Military Information<br />
+and Signalling&mdash;Aero Clubs and Societies&mdash;Glossary of Terms used in Flying.<br />
+<br />
+<span class="smcap">Extract from Reviews</span>: "<i>... a large amount of information is included in these various chapters and the<br />
+diagrams and curves used to illustrate the texture some of the plainest and most easily understood that we have ever seen<br />
+in a book of this class ... generally speaking the data given would appear just such as are not contained in other<br />
+books of reference.</i>"&mdash;<span class="smcap">Engineer.</span><br />
+<br />
+"<i>The Book is one which we are sure many will find useful and convenient.</i>"&mdash;<span class="smcap">Engineering.</span><br />
+<hr style="margin:0 auto;"/>
+Popular Edition. 294 pages. 95 Illustrations and Dimensioned Drawings. Demy 8vo. cloth 5s. net.<br />
+<span style="font-size:1.5em;">THE ART OF AVIATION.</span><br />
+<strong>A Handbook upon Aeroplanes and their Engines, with Notes upon Propellers.</strong><br />
+By R. W. A. BREWER, A.M.I.C.E., M.I.M.E., &amp;c.<br />
+<span style="font-size:.7em">"<i>... Those who for the present have no intention of trusting themselves on the wings of an aeroplane will still find<br />
+the book of value; those who already are engrossed in the study of aeronautics cannot afford to ignore it.</i>"&mdash;<span class="smcap">Engineering.</span></span><br />
+<hr style="margin: 0 auto" />
+<p><i>Complete List, Post Free, from</i></p>
+London: CROSBY LOCKWOOD &amp; SON,<br />
+7, Stationer's Hall Court, E.C., &amp; 5, Broadway, Westminster, S.W.
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page vii --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_vii" id="Page_vii" href="images/ill_009.jpg">[Pg vii]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<div style="border: 10px solid #999; padding:8px;">
+<div style="position:relative; font-size:3em; top: -25px;left:-15px;"><i>Dependability</i></div>
+
+<p>In carburettors there is no greater
+essential than dependability, and&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>The dependability of the White &amp; Poppe is such as
+ensures a never-failing and invariable efficiency.</p>
+
+<p>That's why it is the favourite with many of the leading Airmen of the day.</p>
+
+<p>Our Booklet describes it fully, and we shall be delighted to send you copy.</p>
+
+<p><strong>WHITE &amp; POPPE, LTD.,<br />
+COVENTRY,<br />
+ENG.</strong></p>
+
+<div style="position:relative; font-size:3em; top: 15px;left:15px; text-align: right;"><i>White &amp; Poppe
+Carburettor</i></div>
+</div>
+
+
+<div style="margin-top:10px;">
+<div class="figright" style="width: 30%;vertical-align:top">
+<img src="images/ill_009a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Burberry Aeroplane Outfit." title="" />
+<span class="caption">Burberry Aeroplane Outfit.</span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figleft" style="vertical-align:top; font-size:2.2em; margin:0;padding:0">
+<strong>BURBERRY</strong>
+</div>
+
+<div> AEROPLANE<br />
+EQUIPMENT.</div>
+
+<p style="clear:left;">
+<b>DESIGNED BY EXPERTS</b> is workmanlike both in
+design and detail, and permits absolute
+freedom for arms and limbs. Made in wind
+and weatherproof Gabardine, lined throughout with
+Camel Fleece or Quilted Eiderdown, it maintains
+phenomenal warmth under the severest conditions.
+</p>
+
+<p><b>BURBERRY GABARDINE</b> is remarkably airylight,
+yet affords perfect protection against wind,
+cold or rain, and is so strong that broken stays
+cannot penetrate its dense texture.</p>
+
+<blockquote>
+<p><b>Mr. C. Grahame-White</b>:&mdash;"<i>I take this opportunity
+of thanking you for the suit I wore on my memorable
+flight and feel I cannot recommend the material too
+highly where warmth and comfort are required.</i>"</p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<div class="figleft f15" style="margin: 0 5px 0 auto; padding:0;"><b>BURBERRYS</b></div>
+<div><strong>Haymarket, S.W., LONDON;<br />
+Boulevard Malesherbes, PARIS;<br/>
+Basingstoke and appointed Agents in Provincial Towns.</strong></div>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="figleft bbox" style="clear:both; width:45%">
+SPECIFY<br />
+<span class="f15">"Continental"</span><br />
+RUBBER-PROOFED<br />
+<span class="f15">MATERIAL.</span><br />
+
+<span class="f7">IT COMBINES</span><br />
+MAXIMUM RESISTANCE<br />
+<span class="f7">WITH</span><br />
+ENORMOUS STRENGTH,<br />
+<span class="f7">AND IS UNAFFECTED BY<br />
+ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS.</span><br />
+
+WRITE FOR LIST, FREE ON REQUEST.<br />
+<hr style="margin: 3px auto" />
+Continental Tyre &amp; Rubber Co. (Gt. Britain) Ld.<br />
+&frac34;, THURLOE PLACE, LONDON, S.W.<br />
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="figright bbox" style="width:45%;">
+<span class="f2">BLACKBURN</span><br />
+<span class="f15">AEROPLANES,<br />
+HYDROPLANES</span><br />
+<span class="f7">AND</span><br />
+<span class="f15">PROPELLERS.</span><br />
+<hr class="short"/>
+<span class="f7">Write for Prices and Particulars to</span><br />
+
+<div>THE BLACKBURN AEROPLANE Co.,</div>
+
+<div class="figleft f7" style="width:35%;">'Phone,<br />
+2822 Central.</div>
+
+<div class="figright" style="width:55%">BALM RD., LEEDS.</div>
+
+<div class="f7" style="clear: both">Telegrams: "PROPELLERS," Leeds.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="figleft bbox" style="width:45%;">
+<span class="f2">HYDROGEN</span><br />
+<hr class="short" />
+GUARANTEED 99% PURE.<br />
+LIFTS 70&frac12; LBS. PER 1000 CUBIC FT.<br />
+<hr style="margin:0 auto; padding:0" />
+THE<br />
+<span class="f15">KNOWLES OXYGEN Co.</span><br />
+LIMITED,<br />
+
+WOLVERHAMPTON<br />
+<span class="f7">AND</span><br />
+BROMBOROUGH (CHESHIRE).
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="figright bbox" style="width:45%;">
+<span class="f15"><strong>PATENTS.</strong></span><br />
+<hr class="short"/>
+<span class="f15">Stanley, Popplewell &amp; Co.,</span><br />
+
+<div class="u right" >INTERNATIONAL AND  -  -<br />
+CHARTERED PATENT AGENTS.</div>
+
+<i>38, CHANCERY LANE,<br />
+LONDON, W.C.</i><br />
+<hr class="short"/>
+<span class="f7"><i>Aero and Motor Patents a Specialty.</i></span><br />
+<hr class="short" />
+Instructive leaflet free to any address.<br />
+<hr class="short" />
+<p class="f7">Telephone, 1763 Central<br />
+Telegrams: "NOTIONS, London."</p>
+<div class="f7 right">Estab. 1879.</div>
+</div>
+
+<p style="clear:both;">
+<!-- Page viii --><span class='pagenum'><a href="images/ill_010.jpg"
+name="Page_viii" id="Page_viii">[Pg viii]</a></span></p>
+
+<hr/><hr/>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/ill_010a.jpg" width="80%" alt="Mobile Aircraft Repair Shop" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<div class="figright" style="width: 30%;padding-left:20px;">
+<img src="images/ill_010c.jpg" width="100%" alt="Light treadle driven Radial Drill, taking
+up to 1 in. drills (&frac12; in. shank.) This
+machine is of special design, a patented
+form of high speed drive giving ample
+power for drilling by foot. With treadle
+and fast and loose pulley. Price &pound;24 15s." title="" />
+
+<p>Light treadle driven Radial Drill, taking
+up to 1 in. drills (&frac12; in. shank.) This
+machine is of special design, a patented
+form of high speed drive giving ample
+power for drilling by foot. With treadle
+and fast and loose pulley. Price &pound;24 15s.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figleft" style="width:65%">
+<p>We specialise in Light Machine Tools for use in portable
+workshops, such as are used in connection with
+aircraft. The above is a photograph of a Travelling
+Workshop equipped with our 5 in. lathe and Radial Drill,
+both of which tools are fitted with treadle and electric motor
+drive. Full particulars of machines and installations
+furnished on application.</p>
+
+<img src="images/ill_010b.jpg" width="100%" alt="5 in. Centre Screw Cutting, Surfacing and
+Boring Lathe here shewn, with counter shaft for power.
+With counter shaft or treadle drive.      Price &pound;44." title="" />
+<p>5 in. Centre Screw Cutting, Surfacing and
+Boring Lathe here shewn, with counter shaft for power.
+With counter shaft or treadle drive. Price &pound;44.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="center clear">
+Also 4 in., 3&frac12; in., 6 in., 7&frac12; in., 9 in. lathes, etc.
+</div>
+
+<div class="figleft" style="width:60%">
+  <span class="f2">DRUMMOND BROS. LTD.,</span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figright" style="width:30%">
+  <span class="f7">REDE WORKS,<br />
+  GUILDFORD, SURREY.</span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="center clear">'Phone 153, Guildford. Telegrams: "Lathes, Stoughton."</div>
+<hr/><hr/>
+
+
+<div class="bbox figleft" style="width:45%">
+<p class="center"><span class="f2">"TEL"</span> <span class="f15">REVOLUTION
+SPEED INDICATORS.</span><br />
+Approved and used by the British Admiralty.<br />
+</p>
+
+<div style="background:url('images/ill_010d_t.jpg') no-repeat bottom right; min-height:261px;">
+<div class="hanging f7" style="width:60%; background:white; margin-left:40px;"><p>Owing to its conjugate movement it is accurate, possesses a uniform
+graduated dial and is not affected by vibration or variation of
+temperature.</p>
+
+<p>Indicates with the same accuracy high and low speeds.</p>
+
+<p>Independent of variable strains, friction.</p>
+
+<p>Not damaged should maximum speed of dial be exceeded.</p>
+
+<p>Rain and dust-proof.</p>
+
+<p>Requires no upkeep or adjustment of mechanism.</p></div>
+
+
+<div class="right">
+<br /><br /><br />
+Tel.<br />
+431<br />
+Victoria.
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<p class="center"><strong>THE HASLER COMPANY,</strong><br />
+26, Victoria St., Westminster, LONDON, S.W.<br />
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="bbox figright" style="width:45%">
+<p class="f2 center">
+C&middot;A&middot;V&middot;<br />
+</p>
+
+<p>is the <b>proved</b> system of electric Lighting for
+Cars. The consistent reliability and efficiency
+of the C.A.V. Lighting Sets is vouched for by
+the owners of the 15,000 cars on which the
+system has been adopted.  It is essentially
+the "no trouble" system; simple, safe and
+certain. Send for our illustrated Blue Book,
+fully explanatory and free.</p>
+
+<hr class="short"/>
+
+<p class="center">
+<span class="f15"><i>C. A. VANDERVELL &amp; Co.,</i></span><br />
+
+<b>WARPLE WAY,  ACTON VALE,<br />
+LONDON, W.</b></p>
+
+<div class="figleft f7" style="width:30%">
+<span class="smcap">Telephones:</span><br />
+1234  <span class="smcap">Chiswick</span><br />
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(<span class="smcap">5 LINES</span>)
+</div>
+
+<div class="figright f7" style="width:30%">
+<span class="smcap">Telegrams:</span><br />
+&nbsp;<span class="smcap">"Vanteria,"</span><br />
+&nbsp;<span class="smcap">London.</span>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="figleft" style="width:45%; clear:both;">
+<span class="f2">Whiteman &amp; Moss, Ltd.</span><br/>
+
+<strong>15, BATEMAN STREET,<br />
+DEAN STREET, W.,</strong><br />
+
+<span class="f15">LONDON, England.</span><br />
+
+Telephone Gerrard 6824. &nbsp; Telegrams: Whitomoss<br />
+
+<table summary="address">
+<tr>
+<td class="f7 right">Codes</td>
+<td class="f2">{</td>
+<td class="f7 left">Premier.<br />
+    Lieber.<br />
+    A.B.C. 5th Edition.
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="clear"></div>
+
+<strong><span class="u">Speciality</span>:<br />
+WIRE STRAINERS, EYEBOLTS, FERRULES, ETC.<br />
+SCREWED WORK FOR ALL PURPOSES.</strong>
+<br />
+
+<span class="f15">Accuracy &amp; Promptitude</span>
+
+<div class="bbox">SP&Eacute;CIALIT&Eacute;<br />
+de Passoires en toile m&eacute;tallique. de tire-fonds,<br />
+de Viroles, etc.<br />
+
+<strong>Objets filet&eacute;s en tous genres.</strong><br />
+
+<span class="f15">PR&Eacute;CISION    et    RAPIDIT&Eacute;.</span>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="neg figright" style="width:45%">
+THE LEADING<br />
+<strong>AIRCRAFT BUILDERS</strong><br />
+<br/>
+<span class="smcap">ALL use the</span><br />
+
+<span class="f2">"INCANTO"</span><br />
+
+<br />
+(LOW PRESSURE)<br />
+OXY-ACETYLENE<br />
+WELDING<br />
+APPLIANCES.<br />
+<br />
+SOLE  MANUFACTURERS<br />
+THORN &amp; HODDLE ACETYLENE CO. L<sup>TD</sup>.<br />
+151 VICTORIA   S<sup>T</sup>.<br />
+LONDON, S.W.</div>
+
+<p class="clear"><!-- Page ix --><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_ix" id="Page_ix" href="images/ill_011.jpg">[Pg ix]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<div class="bbox center" style="border-bottom:0;margin-bottom:0">
+<span class="f15">INSURANCE.</span><br />
+
+<span class="f15">The Primus Aviation Policy at Lloyd's</span><br />
+
+<span class="f7">OFFICIALLY APPROVED BY<br />
+THE ROYAL AERO CLUB.</span>
+</div>
+<div class="figleft bbox center" style="border-left:0;width:30%;margin:0 auto;">
+<img src="images/ill_011a.jpg" alt="" /> <img src="images/ill_011a.jpg" alt="" /> <img src="images/ill_011a.jpg" alt="" />
+</div>
+
+<div class="figright bbox center" style="border-right:0;width:30%;margin:0 auto;">
+<img src="images/ill_011a.jpg" alt="" /> <img src="images/ill_011a.jpg" alt="" /> <img src="images/ill_011a.jpg" alt="" />
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="bbox center" style="border-top:0;margin-top:0;clear:both;">
+For Advice on:&mdash;<br />
+<br />
+AVIATION, LIFE, PERSONAL ACCIDENT,<br />
+3rd PARTY, EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY,<br />
+MOTOR, and all Classes of Insurance<br />
+communicate  with<br />
+
+<span class="f15"><i>BRAY, GIBB &amp; Co., Ltd.,</i></span><br />
+166, PICCADILLY,<br/>
+<span style="margin-left: 7.5em;">LONDON, W.</span>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+<div class="bbox center" style="border-bottom: 0;width:70%">
+  <span class="f7">Telegrams&mdash;"SOPWITH KINGSTON." &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Telephone&mdash;1177, KINGSTON.</span><br />
+
+  <div class="right f2" style="position:relative;left:10%;background:white;margin-bottom:0"><i>SOPWITH AVIATION Co.</i></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="center bbox figleft" style="margin-top:0; width:70%">
+THE SOPWITH MACHINES hold the British RECORDS for:<br />
+<i>DURATION</i> . . . <i>8 hours 23 minutes.</i><br />
+<i>ALTITUDE</i> . . . . . <i>11,450 feet.</i><br />
+
+<hr class="short"/>
+
+<div style="margin: 0 10%;border-left: 5px solid black; border-right: 5px solid black;">
+  Undergoing War Office Tests, the SOPWITH 80 h.p.
+  TRACTOR BIPLANE gave better results than any
+  aeroplane of whatever nationality previously tested.
+</div>
+
+<hr class="short"/>
+
+<i>OFFICES AND WORKS:</i><br />
+
+<span class="f15">CANBURY PARK ROAD, KINGSTON ON THAMES.</span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figright">
+CONTRACTORS<br />
+TO THE<br />
+ADMIRALTY.<br />
+<hr class="short" />
+<span class="f7">MANUFACTURERS<br />
+OF</span><br />
+AEROPLANES<br />
+<span class="f7">AND</span><br />
+HYDRO-AEROPLANES<br />
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="center" style="clear:both;">
+<span class="f2">HARDWOODS <span class="f7">FOR</span> AEROPLANES.</span><br />
+<hr />
+UNEQUALLED FACILITIES FOR SUPPLYING PERFECT TIMBER.<br />
+SPECIAL SKILL AND GREAT EXPERIENCE DEVOTED TO ORDERS FOR AEROPLANE WOODS.<br />
+ALL KINDS OF HARDWOODS IN PLANKS, OR CUT AND PLANED TO SIZE.<br />
+
+<hr class="short" />
+Testimonials from successful Aviators.<br />
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<span class="f2">WILLIAM MALLINSON &amp; SONS, Limited,</span><br />
+
+TIMBER &amp; VENEER MERCHANTS (Direct Importers &amp; Exporters),<br />
+
+<span class="f15">130-138, Hackney Road, LONDON, N.E.</span><br />
+
+<div class="figleft f7">Telegrams: "ALMONER," LONDON.</div>
+<div class="figright f7">Telephone: 4770 LONDON WALL (2 Lines)<br />
+P.O. 3845 CENTRAL.</div>
+
+<div class="clear f7">CORRESPONDENCE IN ANY LANGUAGE.</div>
+
+<div class="figleft f7">PARIS: 7, Rue Titon.</div>
+<div class="figright f7">ROTTERDAM: 22 Westzeeddijh.</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<p class="clear"><!-- Page x --><span class='pagenum'><a href="images/ill_012.jpg" name="Page_x" id="Page_x">[Pg x]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<div class="bbox center">
+<img src="images/ill_012a.jpg" width="100%" alt="The Martinsyde" title="" />
+
+<hr />
+<span class="u f2"><i>THE "MARTINSYDE"</i></span><br />
+
+<span class="f9"><i>120 H.P. TWO-SEATER, MILITARY TYPE MONOPLANE.<br />
+Fuel Capacity for 6 HOURS' FLIGHT, at 85 miles per hour.</i></span>
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<i><sup>Messrs.</sup> <span class="smcap f15">Martin &amp; Handasyde</span>,<br />
+&mdash;&mdash; <span class="f7">BROOKLAND AVIATION GROUND,</span> &mdash;&mdash;<br />
+WEYBRIDGE, SURREY, ENGLAND.</i>
+
+<div class="f7 figleft" style="width:30%"><i>Telegraphic &amp; Cable Address:<br />
+"MARTINSYDE, WEYBRIDGE."</i>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figright f7" style="width:30%"><i>Telephone No.<br />
+171 BYFLEET.</i>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter f7"  style="width:30%;border-right: 2px solid black; border-left: 2px solid black;">CONTRACTORS TO THE WAR OFFICE.</div>
+<div class="clear">&nbsp;</div>
+</div>
+
+<p class="clear"><!-- Page xi --><span class='pagenum'><a href="images/ill_013.jpg" name="Page_xi" id="Page_xi">[Pg xi]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<div class="bbox center">
+<span class="f2 u">"AVIATOR" RAMIE FABRICS</span><br />
+
+<span class="f15"><strong>FOR AEROPLANES AND DIRIGIBLE BALLOONS.</strong></span>
+
+<div style="border-bottom: 1px solid black; margin:0 10%">
+Indisputably the <b>strongest</b>, <b>most durable</b> and <b>efficient</b> of all
+known fabrics, and consequently adopted by H.M. War Office,
+and the leading <b>Aircraft Constructors</b> of the <b>Universe</b>.
+</div>
+
+<span class="f9">Manufactured from China Grass by</span><br />
+
+<span class="f15">La Maison Esnault-Pelterie (Paris)<br />
+Barbet-Massin, Popelin &amp; Cie, Succrs.</span><br />
+
+<strong>Contractors to the French Government.</strong><br />
+
+Sole agents for the United kingdom, British Colonies, and United States of America&mdash;<br />
+
+<div class="figleft" style="width:45%">
+<span class="f15 u"><i>ROGERS BROTHERS,</i></span><br/>
+Telephone: CENTRAL, 12164.<br />
+Telegrams and Cables: "EGYPTILLO, LONDON."<br />
+A.B.C. Code Used, 5th Edition.
+</div>
+
+<div class="figright" style="width:45%">
+<span class="f15"><i>33, ALDERMANBURY,</i><br />
+<i>LONDON, E.C.</i></span><br />
+<br />
+Write for Patterns and<br />
+Particulars.<br />
+</div>
+<div style="clear:both;"></div>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="center" style="margin-top:3em;clear:both;">
+<span class="f7">Cables and Telegrams: "PIGGOTT, LONDON." &nbsp; A.B.C. Code. 5th Edition. &nbsp; Telephone No. London Wall 4850 (Private Exchange).</span><br />
+
+<span class="f2">PIGGOTT BROTHERS &amp; CO., LIMITED.</span><br />
+
+<div class="figright" style="width:20%">
+<div class="left">Portable Canvas
+Aeroplane
+Sheds on Hire,
+for Prize Contests,
+Flying
+Meetings, etc.</div>
+
+<div class="left">As used for
+the Gordon Bennett
+and "Daily
+Mail" Contests,
+Military Man�vres,
+1911,
+and the Flying
+Meetings at<br />
+<blockquote>
+<div>Doncaster,
+Burton-on-Trent,
+Folkestone,
+etc., etc.</div></blockquote>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="figleft" style="width:75%">
+  <img src="images/ill_013a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Photo showing row of Canvas Sheds as erected at Brooklands for the Royal Aero Club, July, 1911." title="" /><br/>
+  Photo showing row of Canvas Sheds as erected at Brooklands for the Royal Aero Club, July, 1911.
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear"><strong>Large Stock of Goods for Hire at Prize Contests, Flying Meetings, etc., Judges' Boxes, Pylons, Ropes and Stakes for course,
+Canvas Fencing, Signal Masts, etc., etc.</strong></div>
+
+<span class="f15"><strong>220, 222, 224, BISHOPSGATE, LONDON, E.C.</strong></span>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="center" style="margin-top:3em">
+<i>Telephone 3811 HOP.&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;Telegrams: "BUCHERON."</i><br />
+
+<span class="f2 smcap">Joseph Owen &amp; Sons, L<sup class="u">imited,</sup></span><br />
+
+SUPPLY EVERY DESCRIPTION OF<br />
+
+<span class="f2">&mdash;&mdash;TIMBER&mdash;&mdash;</span><br />
+
+<span class="f9">FOR</span><br />
+
+<span class="f2">Aeroplanes, Hydroplanes, Airships.</span><br />
+
+<hr />
+
+SEND YOUR ENQUIRIES TO<br />
+
+<span class="f15">199a, BOROUGH HIGH STREET, LONDON, SE.</span>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+<div class="bbox f2 center">
+<span class="f2">FLANDERS</span><br />
+
+MONOPLANES &amp; BIPLANES<br />
+&mdash;For Land or Water.&mdash;<br />
+<hr />
+L. HOWARD-FLANDERS, LIMITED,<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">31, Townshend Terrace,</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 5.5em;">RICHMOND, Surrey.</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<p class="clear"><!-- Page xii --><span class='pagenum'><a href="images/ill_014.jpg" name="Page_xii" id="Page_xii">[Pg xii]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<div class="bbox">
+
+<div class="figleft" style="width:38%">
+  <img src="images/ill_014a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Eismann" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<div class="figright"  style="width:58%">
+<span class="f2">EISEMANN<br />
+DYNAMO<br />
+</span>
+
+<p>Although designed for use
+with accumulators&mdash;<span class="u">gives
+results without</span> damaging
+filaments <span class="u">without the use
+of accumulators</span>. Perfectly
+automatic in action. Used
+on the <span class="u">Zeppelin</span>.</p>
+
+<div>
+<span class="u">Types</span> 8 volts 9 amps.<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 4em;">12 volts 15-20 amps.</span>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="f2 center clear">
+Eisemann Automatic
+Advance Magneto
+</div>
+
+<div class="figleft" style="width:48%">
+<p>Used on the Mercedes&mdash;Gnome&mdash;Schutte
+Lanz&mdash;Dixi, etc., etc. Entirely
+weatherproof&mdash;advances and retards
+the spark periodicity according to
+engine revolutions. Latest models
+as used on above
+engines both single and
+dual.</p>
+
+<hr class="short"/>
+
+<div>
+Fullest Particulars on hearing
+from you.<br />
+
+<strong>THE EISEMANN MAGNETO Co.<br />
+43, Berners Street, W.</strong><br />
+
+<hr class="short"/>
+
+<div class="f7 left">Telegrams:&mdash;<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Roussillon-ox, London.</span><br />
+Telephone 4601 City.<br />
+A.B.C. Code 5th Edition.
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figright" style="width:48%">
+  <img src="images/ill_014b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Eisemann" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<div class="right clear">
+  C. D. C.
+</div>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+<div class="center">
+<span class="f2"><i>The</i>
+Aircraft of the World</span><br />
+perform best on the best Spirit.
+The rapidly growing<br />
+</div>
+
+<div class="center">
+  <i>Preference for</i>
+  <span style="font-size:4em">PRATT'S</span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figright" style="width:75%">
+<strong>Perfection Motor Spirit</strong><br />
+<br />
+among airmen is a repetition of history.
+In Motoring, on the Road, the consistent
+Purity and Reliability&mdash;the sheer, hard,
+practical Service of "Miles to the
+Gallon" has long established
+PRATT'S as the premier
+Motor Spirit.
+</div>
+
+<div class="figleft" style="width:20%">
+"<i><strong>In Earth
+and Skie
+and Sea"&mdash;PRATT'S
+first shall
+be!</strong></i><br/>
+
+<img src="images/ill_014c.jpg" style="width:50%" alt="By Appointment" title="" /><br/>
+<span class="f7">By Appointment</span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear center">
+<strong><i>In the Air, as on the Road, PRATT'S is
+"THE MOVING SPIRIT OF THE AGE!"</i></strong>
+</div>
+
+<p class="clear"><!-- Page xiii --><span class='pagenum'><a href="images/ill_015.jpg"  name="Page_xiii" id="Page_xiii">[Pg xiii]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<div class="bbox figleft center" style="width:48%">
+<div class="f7">
+  Telegraphic Address: <span class="f15">"JONBRO,"</span> MANCHESTER.
+</div>
+
+<div class="f2">JONES BROTHERS</div>
+
+<div>LIMITED,<br />
+
+<span class="u">Spinners &amp; Manufacturers,</span><br />
+
+12, YORK STREET,<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 3em;">Manchester.</span></div>
+
+<img src="images/ill_015a.jpg" width="100%" alt="BEDFORD NEW MILLS,
+LEIGH, LANCASHIRE." title="" /><br/>
+<span class="f7">BEDFORD NEW MILLS,<br/>
+LEIGH, LANCASHIRE.</span>
+
+
+<div class="f2 smcap"><i>THE "AERO"<br/>
+Cotton Fabrics<br/>
+for Aeroplanes.</i>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="bbox figright" style="width:48%">
+<span class="f2">H. VALDENAIRE,<br />
+ADENET &amp; Cie.</span><br/>
+
+PARIS&mdash;21, Rue des Jeuneurs&mdash;PARIS.<br />
+
+<hr class="short"/>
+
+<span class="f2">TISSUS</span><br />
+<span class="f15">DE GRANDE
+R&Eacute;SISTANCE<br />
+</span>
+
+<hr class="short"/>
+
+FOURNISSEURS HABITUELS des
+PRINCIPALES MARQUES
+d'AVIATION et d'AEROSTATION
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="figright" style="width:48%">
+<div class="f2">KEMP MOTORS</div>
+
+<img src="images/ill_015b.jpg" width="100%" alt="Engine" title="" />
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>Are air cooled and are the most efficient,
+economical and reliable power plants on
+the market sold at reasonable prices. Built
+in four sizes to meet all requirements from
+experimental purposes to commercial use.<br/>
+<b>FULL PARTICULARS ON REQUEST.</b></p></div>
+
+<hr class="short"/>
+<div class="f15">
+KEMP MACHINE WORKS,<br />
+MUNCIE, INDIANA, U.S.A.<br />
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="bbox clear">
+<div class="f2 center">"AFTER 13 HOURS UNDER WATER"</div>
+
+<div class="figleft" style="width:30%">
+  <img src="images/ill_015c.jpg" width="100%" alt="THE
+  MEA" title="" />
+  <span class="caption">THE
+  MEA</span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figright" style="width:65%">
+  (<i>The Magneto with the
+  Bell-shaped Magnet</i>)<br />
+
+  <span class="f15">RAN PERFECTLY.</span><br />
+</div>
+
+<p class="blockquot clear">"One of your Magnetos delivered to us last year has had a severe test, proving it to be absolutely waterproof.
+It was fitted to an engine in a motor boat, which towards 7 p.m. ran full of water: next morning
+about 9 a.m. we pumped her dry, and, after your magneto had been about 13 hours under water, it was
+found to be in perfect working order, and the engine started up without a hitch."</p>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<div class="f15 center">MEA MAGNETO CO., LTD.,</div>
+
+<div class="figleft f7 left" style="border-right:1px solid black;width:20%">
+  Telephone: 2580 Regent.<br />
+  Telegrams: "Meabermet, Ox. London"
+</div>
+
+<div class="figright" style="width:75%">
+  <strong>GRESSE BUILDINGS, STEPHEN STREET,<br />
+  TOTTENHAM COURT RD., LONDON, W.</strong>
+</div>
+
+<div class="clear center">
+  <strong>LONDON AGENTS: B. M. FAIR &amp; CO., 3. GREAT WINCHESTER STREET, E.C.</strong> &nbsp; C.D.C.
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="f2 bbox center">
+<span class="f2">BRANGER,</span><br />
+Aerial Photographer,<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">5, Rue Cambon, 5</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 7em;">PARIS.</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page xiv --><span class='pagenum'><a href="images/ill_016.jpg" name="Page_xiv" id="Page_xiv">[Pg xiv]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<div class="bbox center">
+<span class="f2">"Fighting Ships"</span><br />
+NAVAL ANNUAL<br />
+FOR 1913.<br />
+
+<strong>Founded and Edited by FRED T. JANE,<br />
+<i><span class="f9">Founder &amp; Editor</span> "ALL THE WORLD'S AIRCRAFT."</i></strong>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<span class="f15">PLANS, PHOTOGRAPHS, AND ALL DETAILS<br />
+OF EVERY WARSHIP IN THE WORLD.</span>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<strong>The details of <span class="f15">13</span> Navies are officially revised by order of their
+respective Ministers of Marine; <span class="f15">3</span> others semi-official.</strong>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<strong>SPECIAL ARTICLE ON  "MARINE ENGINEERING IN ALL ITS BRANCHES," by</strong><br/>
+
+<span class="f15">C. de GRAVE SELLS, M. Inst. C.E.</span><br />
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+LONDON: SAMPSON LOW, MARSTON &amp; Co., Ltd.
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="bbox center" style="width:50%">
+ <span class="f2"><span class="u f7"><sup>THE</sup></span> "MASCOT"</span><br />
+
+<strong>RAMIE-FIBRE, ROT-PROOF</strong><br />
+
+
+<img src="images/ill_016a.jpg" width="100%" alt="Life-Saving Vest" title="" />
+
+
+<span class="f2">LIFE-SAVING VEST</span><br />
+
+<p class="blockquot">Stocked by the Leading Stores in
+all Countries, or can be purchased
+direct from the Inventors and
+Sole Manufacturers&mdash;</p>
+
+<span class="f2">R</span><span class="f15">OGERS BROTHERS,</span><br />
+
+<p class="blockquot">Manufacturers of "Aeroplatte" All-British
+Aircraft Fabrics, and the "Aeromac" Water-proof
+Garments</p>
+
+<span class="f15">33, ALDERMANBURY, LONDON, E.C.</span>
+
+<span class="left"><i>Send post-card for full particulars.</i></span>
+
+<hr class="short"/>
+
+Telephone, Central, 12164<br />
+Telegrams &amp; Cables: "EGYPTILLO, London."<br />
+A B C Code used. 5th Edition.</div>
+
+<p><!-- Page xv --><span class='pagenum'><a href="images/ill_017.jpg" name="Page_xv" id="Page_xv">[Pg xv]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+
+<div class="bbox center">
+<div class="f2">VICKERS LIMITED.</div>
+
+<div class="figleft" style="width: 15%">
+AVIATION<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">SCHOOL:</span><br />
+
+<span class="f15">Brooklands.</span>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+<div>Thorough Tuition from
+slow  Biplanes to  fast
+Monoplanes.</div>
+
+<div>Special Terms to Naval
+and
+Military Officers.</div>
+
+<div>Aviation School:<br />
+<span class="f15" style="margin-left: 1em;">Brooklands.</span></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figright" style="width:15%">
+<strong>"VICKERS-LEVASSEUR"<br />
+
+Air Screws.</strong>
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<div>Built up in superposed
+layers, of the finest
+quality of thoroughly
+seasoned hardwoods,
+pegged &amp; glued together.
+</div>
+
+<div><strong>Testing Ground:<br />
+Joyce Green,<br />
+Nr. Dartford.</strong></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width:60%">
+<img src="images/ill_017a.jpg" width="100%" alt="" title="" />
+
+<span class="f15">AEROPLANES.</span><br />
+
+All steel-framed Monoplanes, Biplanes &amp; Hydro-planes.<br />
+
+<span class="f9">AVIATION DEPARTMENT:</span><br />
+VICKERS HOUSE, BROADWAY, WESTMINSTER, S.W.<br />
+</div>
+<div class="clear"></div>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of Project Gutenberg's Jane's All the World's Aircraft, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK JANE'S ALL THE WORLD'S AIRCRAFT ***
+
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