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D. A. Cockerell + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Bees from British Guiana + Bulletin of the AMNH, Vol. XXXVIII, Art. XX, pp. 685-690 + +Author: T. D. A. Cockerell + +Release Date: December 5, 2010 [EBook #34579] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BEES FROM BRITISH GUIANA *** + + + + +Produced by Larry B. Harrison and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net + + + + + + +</pre> + + + + + + + +<h1><i>Bees from British Guiana</i></h1> + +<h3><span class="smcap">By T. D. A. Cockerell</span></h3> +<hr style="width: 25%;" /> + +<h3>BULLETIN</h3> + +<h5>OF</h5> + +<h3>THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY</h3> + +<h4><span class="smcap">Vol.</span> XXXVIII, <span class="smcap">Art.</span> XX, pp. 685-690</h4> + +<h4><i>New York, December 21, 1918</i></h4> + + +<hr style="width: 100%;" /> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_685" id="Page_685">[Pg 685]</a></span></p> +<h5>59.57.99(88)</h5> +<h2><b>Article XX.</b>—BEES FROM BRITISH GUIANA</h2> + +<h3><span class="smcap">By T. D. A. Cockerell.</span></h3> + + +<p>In connection with the work of the Tropical Research Station of the +New York Zoological Society, conducted by Mr. William Beebe, collections +of insects, including bees, were made. The present report deals with a +series of bees from the Bartica District, and Mr. John Tee Van, in forwarding +them, states that "almost all of these bees were procured about a clump of +several species of nightshades (<i>Solanum</i>), which were flowering in thinned-out +jungle." I give an artificial key, which will enable one who is not a specialist +in bees to separate readily each species from the rest. It will, of course, +remain necessary to compare any species with a fuller account to make +sure that it is not some form unrepresented in the present collection. The +types of the new species and varieties from British Guiana are deposited +in The American Museum of Natural History. Species marked P. are from +the Penal Settlement; those marked K. occur at Kalacoon.</p> + + + + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""> +<tr><td align='left' colspan='2'>The body, or some part of it, brilliant green<br />No part of the body brilliant green</td><td align='right'>1.<br />11.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>1.</td><td align='left'>Thorax dark, with more or less purple tints, not bright green<br />Thorax bright or clear green, at least in part</td><td align='right'>2.<br />4.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>2.</td><td align='left'>Small bee, less than 10 mm. long<br />Large, robust bees, greatly exceeding 10 mm.</td><td align='right'><i>Augochlora callichlorura</i>, new species.<br />3.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>3.</td><td align='left'>Abdomen with the first two segments dark; tongue not extending to end of abdomen<br />Abdomen all bright green, with brassy tints; tongue extending backward far beyond tip of abdomen</td><td align='right'><i>Eufriesia pulchra</i> (Smith).<br /><i>Euglossa brullei</i> Lepeletier.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>4.</td><td align='left'>Hind margins of abdominal segments broadly black.<br />Hind margins of abdominal segments green<br />Hind margins of abdominal segments red or whitish; very robust bees</td><td align='right'><i>Augochlora nigromarginata</i> (Spinola).—P.<br />5.<br />10.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>5.</td><td align='left'>Small bee, less than 10 mm. long, the clypeus with a transverse apical ivory-colored band<br />Larger, very robust bees</td><td align='right'><i>Ceratina lĉta</i> Spinola.<br />6.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>6.</td><td align='left'>Tongue extending beyond abdomen posteriorly<br />Tongue not extending beyond abdomen</td><td align='right'>7.<br />8.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>7.</td><td align='left'>Scutellum with a patch of black tomentum<br />Scutellum without a patch of black tomentum</td><td align='right'><i>Euglossa ignita</i> Smith; female.<br /><i>Euglossa ignita</i> Smith; male.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_686" id="Page_686">[Pg 686]</a></span></td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>8.</td><td align='left'>Robust bees, about 10 mm. long or a little over; scutellum with, a patch of black tomentum<br />Much larger bees, a little over 20 mm. long</td><td align='right'><i>Euglossa cordata</i> (Linnĉus).—P.<br />9.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>9.</td><td align='left'>Scutellum with an obtuse median keel; posterior angles of scutellum rounded<br />Scutellum depressed in middle, without any keel; posterior angles of scutellum rather prominent</td><td align='right'><i>Exĉrele smaragdina</i> (Guérin).<br /><i>Exĉrele dentata</i> (Linné).</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>10.</td><td align='left'>Scutellum with a patch of light fulvous tomentum; scape red.<br />Scutellum with a patch of black tomentum; scape dark, with a pale yellow mark<br />Scutellum without a patch of tomentum; scape pale yellow in front.</td><td align='right'><i>Euglossa decorata ruficauda</i>, new variety; female—K.<br /><i>Euglossa singularis</i> Mocsáry.—P.<br /><i>Euglossa decorata ruficauda</i>, new variety; male.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>11.</td><td align='left'>Very large bees, anterior wing at least 23 mm. long; integument partly or wholly ferruginous<br />Anterior wing less than 20 mm. long</td><td align='right'>12.<br />13.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>12.</td><td align='left'>Abdomen with broad black bands.<br />Abdomen without black bands</td><td align='right'><i>Xylocopa frontalis nitens</i> (Lepeletier); male<a href="#Footnote_1_1">[A]</a>—P.<br /><i>Xylocopa fimbriala</i> (Fabricius).</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>13.</td><td align='left'>Wasp-like bee, with fusiform abdomen, reddish wings and red legs; three complete submarginal cells,<br /> first recurrent nervure meeting second transversocubital<br />Otherwise formed, the abdomen broad at base</td><td align='right'><i>Rhathymus beebei</i>, new species<br />14.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>14.</td><td align='left'>Surface of eyes with fine short hair; first abdominal segment red, the others black; female abdomen sharply pointed.<br />Eyes not hairy; female abdomen not sharply pointed</td><td align='right'><i>Cĉlioxys ardescens</i> Cockerell. (Hym. 6 and 138.)<br />15.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>15.</td><td align='left'>Anterior wings with three complete submarginal cells<br />Anterior wings with submarginal cells incomplete or wanting; stingless social bees</td><td align='right'>16.<br />29.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>16.</td><td align='left'>Small bee, about 8 mm. long; wings beyond middle milky-white, the extreme apex dusky<br />Larger bees; the wings not thus colored</td><td align='right'><i>Tetrapedia lacteipennis</i> Vachal.—P.<br />17.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>17.</td><td align='left'>Abdomen clear ferruginous; large robust bees<br />Abdomen not ferruginous; or only partly so</td><td align='right'>18.<br />19.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>18.</td><td align='left'>Hind legs with black hair<br />Hind legs with pale hair</td><td align='right'><i>Centris personata</i> Smith; male.—P.<br /><i>Centris personata</i> Smith; female.—P.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>19.</td><td align='left'>Integument with at least some bluish, purplish or greenish tints; abdomen not banded; form very robust<br />Integument not at all metallic (very slightly in <i>Eulĉma nigrita</i>, variety)</td><td align='right'>20.<br />21.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_687" id="Page_687">[Pg 687]</a></span></td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>20.</td><td align='left'>Larger; anterior wing at least 17 mm. long; head and thorax with black hair; fourth and fifth abdominal segments purple<br />Much smaller; cheeks densely covered with white hair; clypeus black in female, yellow in male</td><td align='right'><i>Eulĉma nigrita</i> Lepeletier.<br /><i>Xylocopa barbata</i> (Fabricius).</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>21.</td><td align='left'>Thorax and abdomen hairy; hair of thorax yellow, with a transverse black band, of abdomen black,<br /> with a transverse yellow band.<br />Not thus colored</td><td align='right'><i>Bombus incarum</i> Franklin.<br />22.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>22.</td><td align='left'>Clypeus with two longitudinal keels<br />Clypeus with a single, median longitudinal keel, sharp and extending its whole length; black bee, with black hair.<br />Clypeus without any distinct keels</td><td align='right'>23.<br /><i>Eulĉma nigrita</i> Lepeletier, variety; female.<a href="#Footnote_1_2">[B]</a><br />25.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>23.</td><td align='left'>Scutellum with two large yellow marks.<br />Scutellum with the integument all dark</td><td align='right'><i>Epicharis maculata barticana</i>, new variety.—K.<br />24.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>24.</td><td align='left'>Second abdominal segment with a yellow mark on each side.<br />Abdomen with the integument all black</td><td align='right'><i>Epicharis affinis</i> Smith.—P.<br /><i>Epicharis rustica</i> (Olivier).—P.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>25.</td><td align='left'>Less than 12 mm. long; wings not deep fuliginous<br />Over 18 mm. long; wings deep fuliginous</td><td align='right'>26.<br />27.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>26.</td><td align='left'>Hair bands of abdomen broad; male with long antennĉ and yellow clypeus.<br />Hair bands of abdomen linear; integument of clypeus black.</td><td align='right'><i>Florilegus barticanus</i>, new species.<br /><i>Melitoma fulvifrons</i> (Smith).</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>27.</td><td align='left'>Hair of mesothorax and scutellum dark brown; apical part of abdomen with integument red<br />Hair of mesothorax and scutellum red</td><td align='right'><i>Centris fusciventris</i> Mocsáry.—P.<br />28.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>28.</td><td align='left'>Face with yellow markings; anterior wing about 14 mm. long.<br />Face without yellow markings; anterior wing about 20 mm. long.</td><td align='right'><i>Centris lineolata</i> Lepeletier.<br /><i>Centris atriventris</i> Mocsáry.—P.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>29.</td><td align='left'>Robust bees, not less than 9 mm. long<br />Small, fly-like bees, not nearly 9 mm. long</td><td align='right'>30.<br />32.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>30.</td><td align='left'>Thorax with ferruginous hair; integument of scutellum yellow.<br />Thorax with dorsal hair not ferruginous</td><td align='right'><i>Melipona fasciata barticensis</i> Cockerell, ined.—P.<br />31.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>31.</td><td align='left'>Abdomen more or less reddish, at least the first segment dorsally pale red.<br />Abdomen black, with narrow yellowish-white tegumentary bands; a tuft of dark red hair before each tegula.</td><td align='right'><i>Melipona intermixta</i> Cockerell, ined.—P.<br /><i>Melipona interrupta</i> (Latreille).—K.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>32.</td><td align='left'>Legs mainly red; clypeus yellow<br />Legs and clypeus black</td><td align='right'><i>Trigona longipes</i> Smith.—K.<br /><i>Trigona</i> sp. (specimens imperfect).—P.</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<p> </p> + +<div class="footnotes"> +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_1_1" id="Footnote_1_1"></a><span class="label">[A]</span> +The female of <i>X. nitens</i> is black, with dark wings. It was not in the material sent. The female +of <i>X. fimbriala</i> is also black.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_1_2" id="Footnote_1_2"></a><span class="label">[B]</span> +A little purple can be seen at sides of abdomen, but it is easily overlooked.</p></div> +</div> + + + + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_688" id="Page_688">[Pg 688]</a></span></p> + +<h3>NOTES AND DESCRIPTIONS</h3> + +<p><b>Melipona interrupta</b> (Latreille).—In the specimen sent, the bands +on second and following segments are notched above in middle, with only +an obscure linear interruption.</p> + +<p><b>Melipona fasciata barticensis</b> Cockerell.—One specimen has five +linear red bands on abdomen, but in another the bands are very indistinct, +almost obsolete.</p> + +<p><b>Melipona intermixta</b> Cockerell.—The ground color of the first three +abdominal tergites varies; in the lighter forms that of the first is pale fulvous +with the shoulders blackish, of the second and third clear ferruginous.</p> + +<p><b>Euglossa singularis</b> Mocsáry.—Judging from the brief description, it +appears that <b>E. meliponoides</b> Ducke is probably the same species.</p> + + +<p class="center"><b>Euglossa decorata</b> Smith, var. <b>ruficauda</b>, new variety</p> + +<p>Both sexes with abdomen ferruginous, apically more or less dusky, but +the whole effect lighter and redder than typical; scutellum green with the +hind margin red. Tuft on female scutellum light fulvous. The female, +from Kalacoon, (Hym. 212) is the type of the variety.</p> + + +<p class="center"><b>Euglossa ignita</b> Smith, var. <b>chlorosoma</b>, new variety</p> + +<p>Green, without coppery tints, but variably suffused with purple. It is +smaller than <i>E. piliventris</i>, with shorter mouth-parts, and the labrum pallid +with a pair of dusky spots. A male in the U. S. Nat. Museum from Bartica, +which I reported as <i>E. piliventris</i>, belongs here. Female <i>E. piliventris</i> has +long yellow hairs on the anterior margin of hind basitarsus, but in <i>chlorosoma</i> +the hair in this situation is black. The type of the variety is a female +labelled Hym. 140. A female from Kalacoon has brassy and coppery tints +on the apical part of abdomen, and must be referred to <i>E. ignita</i> proper. +The type locality of <i>ignita</i> is Jamaica.</p> + +<p><b>Ceratina læta</b> Spinola. This was described from the female. The +specimen sent is a male, and differs from the female in being smaller, and +having a transverse band on anterior margin of clypeus, triangular marks +on lower corners of face, and a large patch (emarginate above) on labrum all +ivory-white. This is very like <i>C. viridula</i> Smith, which Ducke considers a +synonym of <i>læta</i>, but the base of the metathorax seems to differ, and the +nervures are piceous. For the present, therefore, I retain <i>C. viridula</i> as a +distinct species. The female of <i>C. viridula</i>, collected by Busck in the +Panama Canal Zone, is also distinguishable from that sex of <i>C. læta</i>.</p> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_689" id="Page_689">[Pg 689]</a></span></p> + +<p class="center"><b>Epicharis maculata</b> var. <b>barticana</b>, new variety</p> + +<p>♀.—Base of mandibles with a large cuneiform yellow mark; a broad +black band down each side of labrum; yellow spots on prothorax large; +scutellum with a pair of large transversely oval yellow areas, separated by a +narrow black band; band on second abdominal segment with a posterior +median projection. Kalacoon, 1916. (Hym. 217.)</p> + + +<p class="center"><b>Rhathymus beebei</b>, new species</p> + +<p>♀.—Length about 22 mm., anterior wing 18 mm.; head clear ferruginous, +with red hair, lower part of face more pallid, with a creamy tint; +apical half of mandibles black; clypeus prominent, minutely roughened, +with a smooth median line; mesothorax black, with a median ridge, the +surface on each side of this strongly punctured, but shining between the +punctures; rest of thorax ferruginous, and all of thorax with ferruginous +hair; scutellum not bigibbous, but with an elevated transverse ridge; pleura +with a blackish area below the wings; lower part of mesopleura with a +shining tubercle; tegulæ clear ferruginous, finely punctured; wings strongly +reddened; legs clear ferruginous; abdomen fusiform, shining; first two +segments dull reddish, pallid posterolaterally, the others reddish black, with +the hind margins redder; apical plate very large, concave. Bartica District +(Hym. 19). Very distinct by the transverse straight ridge on scutellum; +nearest perhaps to the considerably smaller <i>R. unicolor</i> Smith, but that has +dark fuscous wings. The antennæ are unfortunately missing.</p> + + +<p class="center"><b>Augochlora callichlorura</b>, new species</p> + +<p>♀.—Length a little over 7 mm.; first two abdominal segments rather +weakly vibrissate on hind margin with orange hairs; hind spur of hind leg +with long spines. Head and thorax very dark purplish, nearly black, but +a blue-green spot at upper end of clypeus, supraclypeal area brilliant purple, +and base of metathorax strongly tinged with purple; anterior and middle +legs dark, with weak purple tints, but hind femora, tibiæ and basal half +of basitarsi all brilliant green on outer side; abdomen short and broad, +shining, very brilliant emerald green. Head broad, eyes strongly converging +below; clypeus with extremely large punctures; front dull and granular; +ocelli ordinary; cheeks with thin white hair; mesothorax and scutellum +shining, but well punctured; base of metathorax with strong short plicæ; +angles of prothorax not prominent; tegulæ rufotestaceous; wings grayish +translucent, stigma and nervures dusky pale brown; first recurrent nervure +meeting second transversocubital; abdomen with thin pale hair, hind +margins of segments not darkened. Bartica District.</p> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_690" id="Page_690">[Pg 690]</a></span></p> +<p>Unique by the combination of purplish head and thorax and green abdomen, +the general effect recalling <i>A. atropos</i> Smith.</p> + + +<p class="center"><b>Florilegus barticanus</b>, new species.</p> + +<p>♂.—Length about 11 mm.; black, except as follows: first abdominal +segment strongly greenish; clypeus and labrum entirely yellow; mandibles +fulvous apically (but base black); antennæ, except the first two joints, +ferruginous beneath; hind tarsi, and apex of hind tibiæ, dusky red; hair of +head and thorax ferruginous, paler below, no admixture of dark hairs; +eyes reddish; mesothorax shining, but distinctly punctured; tegulæ clear +ferruginous; wings dusky hyaline, nervures reddish fuscous; legs with pale +hair, conspicuously plumose on hind tibiæ; abdomen with four broad dense +ochraceous hair-bands, that on fourth segment broadly excavated in middle +posteriorly, on fifth broadly interrupted; sixth segment with a small patch +of fulvous hair on each side; apical part of abdomen dorsally, except for the +bands and patches, with very dark fuscous hair. Bartica District (Hym. +11).</p> + +<p>Related to <i>F. lanieri</i> Guér. from Cuba and <i>F. condigna</i> Cresson from the +United States. In the coloration of the legs it is intermediate between these +two.</p> + +<p><b>Tetrapedia lacteipennis</b> Vachal.—It should be added to Vachal's +description, that the dorsal abdominal segments 2 to 4 have yellow bands.</p> + +<p>The Bartica collection contains a <i>Megalopta</i> from Hoorie, but it is +unfortunately broken. I have <i>Megalopta panamensis</i> Cockerell from +Maroni, French Guiana (Queensland Museum, 42).</p> + +<p>I add the description of a new species from French Guiana, the type of +which is in my collection.</p> + + +<p class="center"><b>Augochlora maroniana</b>, new species</p> + +<p>♀.—Length slightly over 8 mm.; head, thorax and legs bright green; abdomen +yellowish green strongly suffused with coppery, the first two segments with apical +fringes of orange hair; face rather narrow; antennæ black; lower middle of clypeus +black; mesothorax and scutellum rough with dense punctatures, the scutellum with +two copper-red spots; area of metathorax with very feeble plicæ; tegulæ black with +pallid margin, the basal side broadly green; wings dusky; second s. m. square; +first r. n. meeting second t. c; stigma dusky reddish; legs with mainly pale hair, +hind tibiæ with dark hair on outer side basally; hind spur with about six long spines; +basal half of basitarsi green on outer side; abdomen shining, with pale ochreus hair.</p> + +<p>Maroni, French Guiana (Queensland Mus., 43). Related to <i>A. cupreola</i> (Ckll.), +but with the vibrissate fringes on abdomen nearly twice as long, and deep orange-fulvous, +and the mesothorax much more densely punctured. Also related to <i>A. +diversipennis</i> (Lep.), but with the face much narrower, and the area of metathorax +much less distinctly plicate. From <i>A. calypso</i> Sm. it is known by the wings not being +yellowish, the inner orbits not edged with blue, and the tarsi not ferruginous.</p> + + + + +<hr style="width: 100%;" /> +<h2><big>PUBLICATIONS</big><br /> + +<small>OF</small><br /> + +THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY</h2> + +<div class="blockquot"> +<h3><span class="smcap">Memoirs</span></h3> + +<p class="center"> +Volume I. Zoology and Palæontology.<br /> +Volumes II-VIII. Anthropology.<br /> +Volume IX. Zoology and Palæontology.<br /> +Volumes X-XIV. Anthropology.<br /> +</p> + +<p>Volumes II, IV, V, VII, VIII, X-XIV, and an Ethnographical Album form +Volumes I-VII of the Memoirs of the Jesup North Pacific Expedition.</p> + +<h3><span class="smcap">Memoirs—New Series</span></h3> + +<p class="center">Volumes I and II. Zoology and Palæontology.</p> + +<h3><span class="smcap">Bulletin</span></h3> + +<p class="center">Volumes I-XXIV, XXV, parts 1 and 2, and XXVI-XXXIX.</p> + +<h3><span class="smcap">Anthropological Papers</span></h3> + +<p>Volumes I-IX, X, parts 1-6; XI, XII, parts 1-5; XIII; XIV, parts 1 and 2; +XV, part 1; XVI, parts 1-3; XVII, parts 1-4; XVIII, parts 1 and 2; and XIX, +part 1.</p> + +<h3><span class="smcap">Monographs</span></h3> + +<p>A Review of the Primates. By D. G. Elliot. 3 volumes.</p> + +<p>Hitherto Unpublished Plates of Tertiary Mammals and Permian Vertebrates. +By E. D. Cope and W. D. Matthew.</p> + +<h3><span class="smcap">The American Museum Journal</span></h3> + +<p>Volumes I-XVIII. The Journal is a popular record of the progress of The +American Museum of Natural History, issued monthly from October to May.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">Handbooks.</span> Numbers 1-6.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">Guide Leaflets.</span> Numbers 1-48.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">Annual Reports.</span> First (1869) to Forty-ninth (1917).</p> + +<p>A more detailed list, with prices, of these publications may be had upon application +to the Librarian of the Museum.</p> +</div> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg's Bees from British Guiana, by T. D. A. Cockerell + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BEES FROM BRITISH GUIANA *** + +***** This file should be named 34579-h.htm or 34579-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/3/4/5/7/34579/ + +Produced by Larry B. 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