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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of 'Phiz' (Hablot Knight Browne), a Memoir., by 
+Fred. G. Kitton
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: 'Phiz' (Hablot Knight Browne), a Memoir.
+
+Author: Fred. G. Kitton
+
+Release Date: September 14, 2010 [EBook #33723]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 'PHIZ' (HABLOT KNIGHT BROWNE) ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Chris Curnow, Josephine Paolucci and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net. (This
+file was produced from images generously made available
+by The Internet Archive.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+"PHIZ"
+
+(H. K. BROWNE)
+
+A Memoir.
+
+
+_From PUNCH, July 22nd, 1882._
+
+"Phiz."
+
+HABLOT K. BROWNE, ARTIST. BORN, 1815. DIED, JULY, 1882.
+
+    The Lamp is out that lighted up the text
+      Of DICKENS, LEVER--heroes of the pen.
+    _Pickwick_ and _Lorrequer_ we love, but next
+      We place the man who made us see such men.
+    What should we know of _Martin Chuzzlewit_,
+      Stern _Mr. Dombey_, or _Uriah Heep_?
+    _Tom Burke of Ours?_--Around our hearths they sit,
+      Outliving their creators--all asleep!
+
+          No sweeter gift ere fell to man than his
+          Who gave us troops of friends--delightful PHIZ!
+
+    He is not dead! There in the picture-book
+      He lives with men and women that he drew;
+    We take him with us to the cozy nook
+      Where old companions we can love anew.
+    Dear boyhood's friend! We rode with him to hounds;
+      Lived with dear _Peggotty_ in after years;
+    Missed in old Ireland where fun knew no bounds;
+      At _Dora's_ death we felt poor _David's_ tears!
+
+          There is no death for such a man--he is
+          The spirit of an unclosed book! immortal PHIZ!
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+"PHIZ"
+
+(HABLOT KNIGHT BROWNE)
+
+A Memoir.
+
+INCLUDING
+
+_A Selection from his Correspondence and Notes on his Principal Works._
+
+BY
+
+FRED. G. KITTON.
+
+WITH A PORTRAIT, AND NUMEROUS ILLUSTRATIONS.
+
+LONDON:
+W. SATCHELL & CO.,
+19, TAVISTOCK STREET COVENT GARDEN.
+
+MDCCCLXXXII.
+
+
+LONDON:
+G. NORMAN AND SON, PRINTERS, HART STREET,
+COVENT GARDEN.
+
+
+
+
+PREFACE.
+
+
+Taking into consideration the ability of the Artist whose name has
+become identified with the works of DICKENS, of LEVER, and of AINSWORTH;
+and who has contributed in the course of the present century more
+largely (perhaps with the single exception of CRUIKSHANK) to the
+embellishment of popular books than any other known illustrator; it
+would seem an inexcusable omission, almost amounting to neglect, if the
+life and labours of the late HABLOT KNIGHT BROWNE met with no more
+worthy recognition than the fleeting comments of the daily press.
+
+Such, at least, is my opinion; and as a humble tribute to the memory of
+an able and industrious draughtsman, and fertile designer, I place on
+record the more generally interesting particulars of an honourable and
+exemplary career.
+
+To Mr. W. G. BROWNE and Dr. EDGAR BROWNE, sons of the deceased artist,
+my best thanks are due for a kindly interest in my work, manifested more
+especially by the loan of many interesting letters dashed off on various
+occasions by "Phiz" in the wildest spirit of fun; and a willing consent
+to their appearance in print.
+
+I have also to acknowledge the courtesy of Messrs. H. SOTHERAN & CO.,
+for permission to copy for publication a few letters written by "Phiz"
+to CHARLES DICKENS, which are now published for the first time. For the
+Portrait (copied from a photograph, perhaps the best of the very few now
+in existence) I am indebted to the Proprietors of _The Graphic_.
+
+And lastly, the Author desires to associate with this brochure the name
+of his friend, Mr. GEORGE REDWAY, who has rendered much valuable
+assistance in bringing it before the public.
+
+FRED. G. KITTON.
+
+25, PAULTONS SQUARE,
+CHELSEA, S.W.
+
+_August, 1882_.
+
+
+
+
+LIST OF PLATES.
+
+
+Portrait of "Phiz" (H. K. Browne)               FRONTISPIECE
+
+The Departure                                To face page  8
+
+Artist's "Fancies for Mr. Dombey"                    "    11
+
+Sam Weller and his Father                            "    14
+
+Tail-piece to _Barnaby Rudge_                        "    16
+
+Dick Swiveller and the Lodger                        "    20
+
+Death of Quilp                                       "    26
+
+The Rioters                                          "    30
+
+NOTE.--With the exception of the Portrait, and the "Dombey fancies," the
+above engravings are printed from electro-types of the original blocks,
+which were first published in _Master Humphrey's Clock_ (1840-1).
+
+
+
+
+"PHIZ" (H. K. BROWNE) A MEMOIR.
+
+
+"Fizz, Whizz, or something of that sort," humorous TOM HOOD would say,
+when trying to recall the pseudonym that has since become so familiar by
+means of the innumerable works of art to which it was appended. At the
+time HABLOT[A] KNIGHT BROWNE first used this quaint _soubriquet_, it was
+customary to look upon book-illustrators as second, or even third-rate
+artists--mere hacks in fact; and for this reason they usually suppressed
+their real names, in order to give themselves the opportunity of earning
+the title of _artist_, when producing more ambitious results as
+painters. Occasionally, whether by accident or design, the subject of
+this memoir would affix his real name to his illustrations; and the
+public were consequently under the impression that the two signatures
+were those of different artists, and were even wont to remark that
+"_Browne's work was better than that of 'Phiz!_'"
+
+It is not, perhaps, generally known that the artist's first _nom de
+crayon_ was "NEMO," which to some extent bears out the above statement
+that a book-illustrator was considered a "nobody." Mr. BROWNE himself,
+in referring to the _Pickwick Papers_, gave the following
+explanation:--"I think I signed myself as 'NEMO' to my first etchings
+(those of No. 4) before adopting 'Phiz' as my _soubriquet_, to
+harmonize--I suppose--better with Dickens' 'Boz.'" It is only on the
+earliest printed plates in some copies of the _Pickwick Papers_ that the
+signature of "NEMO" can be faintly traced.
+
+HABLOT KNIGHT BROWNE, son of William Loder Browne, a descendant from a
+Norfolk family, was born on the 12th of July, 1815, at Kennington,
+London. He was educated at a private school in Norfolk, and from an
+early age evinced a taste for drawing, which, being recognized by his
+relatives, induced them to apprentice him to FINDEN, the well-known
+line-engraver. An anecdote is told of him during his apprenticeship
+which will bear repetition. Finding BROWNE very painstaking and
+conscientious, his master usually sent him with engraved plates to the
+printer, in order that he might superintend the operation of
+proof-taking. As printers usually take their own time over such matters,
+the youth found that this waiting the pressman's pleasure tried his
+patience too much. It therefore occurred to him that to spend the
+interval in the British Museum, hard by, would be much more suited to
+his tastes. On his returning with the proofs, FINDEN would praise the
+boy's diligence, little thinking what trick had been practised on him.
+
+Line-engraving, however, did not find much favour with the future
+"Phiz," the process being too tedious; for FINDEN would probably occupy
+some weeks to produce a small plate, which by the quicker process of
+etching, could have been executed in as many hours. He accordingly
+suspended operations in that quarter, and, in conjunction with a young
+kindred spirit, hired a small attic, and employed his time in the more
+fascinating pursuit of water-colour drawing, which he continued to
+follow with remarkable assiduity until a few days before his death.
+
+These juvenile disciples of the brush then worked hard at drawing in
+colour. BROWNE paid his share of the rent in drawings, which he produced
+rapidly; indeed, there was a solemn compact between the co-workers to
+"do three a day"--they subsisting, meanwhile, on the simplest fare. At
+this time he attended the evening class at the "Life" School in St.
+Martin's Lane, and was a fellow-pupil with ETTY, the famous painter of
+the "nude." It was BROWNE'S great delight to watch this talented student
+at work, and he considerably neglected his own studies in consequence.
+
+At the age of seventeen, or thereabouts, he succeeded in gaining a medal
+offered for competition by the Society of Arts for the best
+representation of an historical subject; and was again fortunate in
+obtaining a prize, from the same Society, for a large etching of "John
+Gilpin." Mr. GEORGE AUGUSTUS SALA, himself an artist of no small
+ability, remembers to have seen, in a shop-window in Wardour Street, a
+certain print by a young man named HABLOT BROWNE, representing the
+involuntary flight of John Gilpin, scattering the pigs and poultry in
+his never-to-be-forgotten ride.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+By the time he had attained his twentieth year he had acquired
+considerable facility with the pencil. CHARLES DICKENS, but three years
+his senior, and with whom the name of "Phiz" is inseparably connected,
+had just then made a wonderful reputation by his "Sketches," which first
+appeared, at intervals, during 1834-5, and were afterwards published in
+book form, illustrated by the renowned GEORGE CRUIKSHANK.
+
+In 1836, there appeared in print a pamphlet of some forty or fifty
+pages, entitled _Sunday under Three Heads--As it is; as Sabbath Bills
+would make it; as it might be made_; "By Timothy Sparks; illustrated by
+H. K. B.;" and dedicated to the Bishop of London. The author was CHARLES
+DICKENS, whose satire was levelled at Sir Andrew Agnew and the extreme
+Sabbatarian party, and had immediate reference to a bill "for the better
+observance of the Sabbath," which the House of Commons had recently
+thrown out by a small majority. The illustrations in this little work
+were drawn by HABLOT BROWNE, and are very choice examples of
+wood-engraving of the school that existed half a century ago. Its
+original price was one shilling, but having become very scarce, it is
+now worth more than its weight in gold.
+
+These early productions of BROWNE'S pencil at once introduced him to
+public notice, and DICKENS showed his appreciation of their excellence
+by selecting him as the illustrator of the _Pickwick Papers_, which
+appeared during the early part of that year. It is well known to the
+readers of Forster's _Life of Dickens_, that the idea of "Pickwick" was
+suggested to the author by ROBERT SEYMOUR, whose tastes induced him to
+etch a few plates of sporting subjects to which DICKENS was to supply
+the text. Thus commenced that immortal work known as _The Posthumous
+Papers of the Pickwick Club_. SEYMOUR produced seven illustrations, when
+he committed suicide, which obliged the publishers to make arrangements
+with another artist. R. W. BUSS[B] succeeded SEYMOUR, and etched two
+plates, which DICKENS, who had by this time assumed the control of the
+work, thought so unsatisfactory (as indeed they were), that he declined
+his further services. Here a fresh opening was created, and WILLIAM
+MAKEPEACE THACKERAY competed with HABLOT KNIGHT BROWNE for the post;
+both submitting to DICKENS' inspection some specimens of their work.
+
+The choice fell upon "Phiz," the artist whose ability has so admirably
+proved the wisdom of the selection; and THACKERAY thereupon determined
+to adopt another profession, with what happy results let _Esmond_
+testify. Who could say whether _Vanity Fair_ would ever have been
+written had this mighty penman been chosen to succeed BUSS? It is
+curious to note THACKERAY'S great anxiety to become an artist; he even
+went abroad to study, but SALA tells us that "Mr. THACKERAY drew,
+perhaps, rather worse than he had done before beginning his continental
+studies, although at that time he actually supplied a series of etchings
+to illustrate DOUGLAS JERROLD'S _Men of Character_, which were prodigies
+of badness."
+
+When "Phiz" had been selected as the illustrator of the _Pickwick
+Papers_, his generous rival was the first to tell him the good news, and
+offer his congratulations.
+
+"Phiz" may now be said to have fairly commenced his career as a
+book-illustrator. His sense of humour corresponded so exactly with that
+of DICKENS, that a mere suggestion enabled him to vividly represent the
+scenes described by the author. It has been remarked (and truly) that in
+many cases the plates do not correspond with the text; but this can be
+accounted for. DICKENS, then an enthusiastic young author, and somewhat
+impetuous in his demands for drawings, would arrive unexpectedly at
+BROWNE'S studio, hurriedly read a few pages of manuscript, and
+exclaiming, "Now, I want you to illustrate that," would take an abrupt
+departure, carrying the manuscript off with him. As soon as the artist
+could collect his faculties, he would try to recall the scene so hastily
+described, and endeavour to put it on paper. DICKENS himself, in his
+preface to the _Pickwick Papers_, gives a similar explanation, viz.--"It
+is due to the gentleman, whose designs accompany the letterpress, to
+state that the interval has been so short between the production of each
+number in manuscript and its appearance in print, that the greater
+portion of the illustrations have been executed by the artist from the
+author's verbal description of what he intended to write." It is
+therefore not surprising that a few errors, in such details as the
+number of boys in a procession,[C] or the dress of an individual, should
+occur.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Of DICKENS' Novels, _Martin Chuzzlewit_ contains, perhaps, our etcher's
+most vigorous productions, but the small woodcut illustrations in
+_Master Humphrey's Clock_ are very praiseworthy, and without doubt
+conduced greatly to the popularity of the book.
+
+The illustrations in the _Pickwick Papers_ are on the whole inferior to
+many which "Phiz" subsequently executed. But an exception must be made
+in favour of the artist's realization of the character of Sam Weller,
+than which, even SEYMOUR'S happy invention of Mr. Pickwick did not more
+effectually ensure the popularity of DICKENS' comic epic and give it a
+"deathless date."
+
+The extraordinary demand for copies of the _Pickwick Papers_
+necessitated a re-etching of the copper-plates, which, owing to friction
+caused by the printer's hand, had become very much worn. This
+reproduction will account for any slight difference in the details of
+the illustrations; for the repetition of subjects once etched, was a
+task by no means congenial to the artist; and this no doubt induced him
+to say, some years afterwards, in a letter to one of his sons, "O! I'm
+a' weary, I'm a' weary of this illustrating business."
+
+Artists frequently experience great difficulty in realizing, to the
+author's satisfaction, the description of scenes and characters. An
+illustration is here given showing BROWNE'S various "fancies for Mr.
+Dombey," all of which failed to please DICKENS, who also expressed his
+disapprobation of this artist's treatment of another subject in _Dombey
+and Son_. "I am really distressed," writes he, "by the illustration of
+Mrs. Pipchin and Paul. It is so frightfully and wildly wide of the mark.
+Good Heaven! in the commonest and most literal construction of the text,
+it is all wrong. She is described as an old lady, and Paul's 'miniature
+arm-chair' is mentioned more than once. He ought to be sitting in a
+little arm-chair down in the corner of the fire-place, staring up at
+her. I can't say what pain and vexation it is to be so utterly
+misrepresented. I would cheerfully have given a hundred pounds to have
+kept this illustration out of the book. He never could have got that
+idea of Mrs. Pipchin if he had attended to the text. Indeed, I think he
+does better without the text; for then the notion is made easy to him in
+short description, and he can't help taking it in."
+
+As the tale proceeded, the artist more than compensated for his
+unsuccessful rendering of this incident; and with "Micawber," in _David
+Copperfield_, he obtained the author's entire approbation, who says,
+"Browne has sketched an uncommonly characteristic and capital Mr.
+Micawber for the next number." Again, with reference to an illustration
+in _Bleak House_, "Browne has done Skimpole, and helped to make him
+singularly unlike the great original."[D]
+
+Of the private life of "Phiz" little is known. His extreme nervousness
+and dislike to publicity was often misconstrued as pride; and DICKENS
+even had considerable difficulty in occasionally persuading him to meet
+a few friends and spend a pleasant evening. When he did accept such
+invitations, he invariably tried to seclude himself in a corner of the
+room, or behind a curtain. His desire for a quiet, unobtrusive life,
+induced him to pass most of his time in country retirement, all business
+matters in town being transacted by an intimate friend.[E] Authors or
+publishers wishing to have a personal interview with "Phiz" were
+compelled to visit him at his residence, a few miles from town, and many
+were the _contretemps_ on dark nights as they crossed a bleak moor to
+reach their destination. His sons looked forward to the time when
+visitors were expected, in order to hear the stories of wild adventure
+which generally befell them, and to laugh at their discomfiture.
+
+"Phiz" had been from his boyhood accustomed to horses, and frequently
+hunted with the Surrey hounds. To this circumstance is due the extreme
+facility with which he delineated the horse in action in the hunting
+field and elsewhere. At one time he contributed sketches to _The
+Sporting Gazette_. This industrious artist was never known to take a
+lengthened holiday, but occasionally spent a few days at the seaside,
+where, no doubt, his pencil was fully employed. A letter, written while
+staying at Margate, to his son Mr. Walter G. Browne (whom, for some
+unknown reason he styled "Doctor"), shows his innate sense of humour.
+
+     _Tuesday, June 19_, 6A, CRESCENT PLACE, MARGATE.
+
+     MY DEAR DR.,
+
+     "I haave [Transcriber's note: haave has two macrons over the
+     a's to denote a very long a is the correct pronunciation]
+     my W. C. White:[F]--but I have no white _collars_--and
+     as I am swelling it about without a necktie--mine having
+     mysteriously disappeared, left behind in a bath
+     probably--perhaps it would be coming it too strong
+     to appear without collars also, and it is hardly warm enough
+     for it either. Your P.O. is from the Miscellany--to H. K.
+     Browne--from Mr. Barrett--Xtian name unknown--and no matter.
+     Any blocks that come, forward on. Send me a * * * * * *
+     before I return. I did some very good shades myself--of
+     myself--unconsciously--yesterday evening. The baths run
+     along one side of the High Street, flush with the
+     pavement--and I found when I had nearly finished my toilet
+     that the gas-burner was so ingeniously placed, that it was
+     impossible for any bather to avoid casting gigantic studies
+     of the nude upon the window blind.--This sort of thing.--"
+
+[Illustration]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+[Here follow several other sketches of the bather in various attitudes].
+
+His appreciation of fun is thus referred to by DICKENS in a letter to
+Mrs. Dickens, dating from the Lion Hotel, Shrewsbury. "Thursday, Nov.
+1st, 1838.--We were at the play last night. It was a bespeak--'The Love
+Chase,' a ballet (with a phenomenon!), divers songs, and 'A Roland for
+an Oliver.' It is a good theatre, but the actors are very funny. Browne
+laughed with such indecent heartiness at one point of the entertainment,
+that an old gentleman in the next box suffered the most violent
+indignation."
+
+In 1837, "Phiz" accompanied DICKENS to Flanders, for a ten days' summer
+holiday; and in 1838 they went to Yorkshire, a journey which resulted in
+the production of _Nicholas Nickleby_.
+
+The following year he made one of a party of four, and visited, with
+DICKENS, MACREADY and FORSTER, nearly all the London prisons. These
+joint tours of Author and Artist could not fail to assist the
+realization of the scenes they intended to depict.
+
+It is an interesting fact in connection with the career of "Phiz," that
+he would never agree to draw from the living model,--all his
+representations of moving crowds, and the various types of humanity,
+which his etchings exhibit, being drawn from recollection. He would
+sometimes make a few jottings in pencil--mere memoranda--when anything
+struck him as being worthy of reproduction, but beyond that he depended
+on his excellent memory. For example, he would go to Epsom on the Derby
+Day without taking a pencil even, and, on returning home, would draw to
+the life exact portraits of any conspicuous or eccentric character he
+had seen on the course.
+
+As previously stated, BROWNE was extremely fond of water-colour drawing,
+and executed some thousands during his life; not unfrequently a day's
+work would be represented by three or four of these productions. They
+were not caricatures, as one might suppose, but rural scenes _à la
+Watteau_, and allegorical subjects. This fact controverts the statement
+made in a daily paper, that "unfortunately, without a text to
+illustrate, 'Phiz' never had half-a-dozen ideas in his head" (!). For
+many years he was a constant contributor of pictures--figure subjects of
+a humorous and dramatic character--to the Exhibitions of the British
+Institution, and of the Society of British Artists. Among his more
+ambitious efforts was a cartoon of considerable dimensions, representing
+"A Foraging Party of Cæsar's Forces surprised by the Britons," which
+appeared as No. 65 at the Westminster Hall Exhibition of 1843. This,
+notwithstanding the "scratchy" manner of its execution, displayed
+remarkable skill and abundant energy of design. At the same gathering
+another cartoon was attributed to him, of which the energy bordered on
+caricature; it was named, "Henry II defied by a Welsh Mountaineer."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+At one time "Phiz" received an extraordinary commission to reproduce in
+water-colour all his illustrations to the Novels of DICKENS. The Artist
+reminded his patron of the magnitude of the undertaking, but the request
+was persisted in, and the work duly executed.
+
+His love of bracing air induced him to pay frequent visits to the
+seaside; but on one occasion he lodged in a house not remarkable for its
+odoriferous nature; and, in order to produce a current of fresh air in
+his bed-room, he opened door and window, and slept in the draught caused
+thereby. For many years before his death, he suffered from incipient
+paralysis, the result, no doubt, of this incautious act, and to which
+may be attributed his disappearance from the art world some fifteen
+years ago.
+
+"Phiz," notwithstanding his crippled condition, still worked hard with
+admirable perseverance, though his difficulties were increased by an
+injury to his thumb, which compelled him to hold his pencil between the
+middle and fore fingers. His friends endeavoured to persuade him to draw
+his pictures on a larger scale, in order that they might be photographed
+to the required dimensions, but, with one or two exceptions, he refused
+to act on this suggestion. He gradually lost that facility which
+characterized his work, and latterly yielded to proposals to illustrate
+boys' literature of a rather low class.
+
+The time is past, no doubt, which encouraged the method of
+book-illustration adopted by "Phiz." It has given place to
+wood-engraving, and multifarious phototypic processes, that, perhaps,
+are commercially preferable, but from an artistic standpoint much
+inferior. We must, however, except the wonderful results some
+wood-engravers have produced from time to time, which etchers, even,
+cannot hope to excel.
+
+Dr. Edgar Browne describes his father's indifference to the value of his
+work, or the time and labour bestowed upon it:--"He never understood the
+art of husbanding or developing his powers,--he never set to work to
+learn any technical process; when he had a little leisure from
+'illustration' work, he used to start a picture 'to get his hand
+in'--generally taking some unimportant or trivial subject for this
+purpose. His facility of hand both in large and minute work was
+something marvellous. At one time, he produced a very remarkable series
+of sketches in chalk made during a tour in Ireland. They are scattered
+now, but are as fine as anything he did, and are certainly the best
+records of a people who have practically vanished. He was astonishingly
+careless about his work. Hundreds of original designs were thrown into
+the waste-paper basket; apart from their local interest similar sketches
+have found willing purchasers of late years."
+
+Like many other artists whose pecuniary reward had not been commensurate
+with their ability,[G] he became the recipient of a pension. The kind
+instrumentality of a few Royal Academicians obtained for him an annual
+grant which had been previously enjoyed by the late GEORGE CRUIKSHANK.
+
+On the 8th of July, 1882, the death occurred of the famous "Phiz." At
+the quiet village of Hove, near Brighton, where the last few years of
+his life were spent, he succumbed in his sixty-seventh year to infirmity
+rather than old age. Almost forgotten as a man, his productions have
+remained in our memories, and will continue to do so as long as the
+works of DICKENS and LEVER are read and appreciated. His remains were
+interred at the extra-mural Cemetery, Brighton. The funeral was private,
+the only mourners present being the four sons of the deceased, Dr.
+Ambler, Mr. George Halse,[H] and Mr. Robert Harrison.
+
+As admirers of his artistic ability we place this Memoir as a wreath
+upon his grave.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+CORRESPONDENCE.
+
+The following letters were addressed by the artist-humorist to his son,
+Mr. Walter Gr. Browne:--
+
+
+      BLENHEIM CRESCENT, _Sept., Saturday, 3 o'clk._ P.M., A.D.
+     _1867_.
+
+     _My Dear Dr._,
+
+     I have nearly bursted my heart out, and proved, that my soul
+     or soles (I have two) is'nt--or an't--immortal,--by wearing
+     on 'em out running to and fro after yr.
+     _Balmorals_--Bootless errands! The wretched slave (of awl)
+     has but just brought them! I bristle with wrath! and could
+     welt him!--but--no--I won't--he may want his calf's skin
+     whole, to mend his own _Bad-morals_!!
+
+            *       *       *       *       *
+
+     I rush! I fly! to the Gt. W. R. Station!----!!!!
+
+     [Illustration]
+
+     I sink--breathless into the arms of the astounded
+     clerk--point to the boots----
+
+     _My-mouth_ faintly whispers "_Wey-mouth_ in his pen-adorned
+     _Ear_!!" and--and--"Bless me! where am _I_?"--and, and--I
+     wish--you may get 'em!
+
+            *       *       *       *       *
+
+     If you visit Portland again, make a note of any
+     peculiarities of spot--convict dress, &c.--as I have a
+     touching bit of horse-y sentiment (!) connected therewith,
+     which will do for _Spg. Gazette_.--I should think you ought
+     to find painty bits--within walking distance--say--right or
+     left ten miles?
+
+            *       *       *       *       *
+
+     Yrs. affecty.,
+
+     DAD.
+
+     _Sunday._
+
+     Really, my dear Walter, I thought you _did_ know better than
+     to disturb my devotional frame of mind on this blessed
+     Sabbath morn by forwarding me such a thoroughly worldly and
+     evil-thought-producing thing as a wretched milliner's
+     bill!!!--The wretch must wait--he gorged £5 not long before
+     I left home.--The greediness of some men!!
+
+     The Pic. Gall. circular I return--as you may like to enquire
+     about it--the doz. others, "cheap bacon"--"patent teeth and
+     everlasting gums," &c., &c., &c., &c., &c. I shall manure
+     the grounds of Colyton with ----.
+
+     I think you might get some background material for coast
+     scenes down here.
+
+     Yr. affec. Dad,
+
+     H. K. B.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+     69, BLENHEIM CRESCENT, NOTTING-HILL, _Saturday_.
+
+     MY DEAR DOCTOR,
+
+     I send the Tenpounder, may it reach you in safety!
+
+     The Commander has returned. I sent you a paper containing
+     the important news, which, however, may _not_ have reached
+     you, although I don't think it contained any remarks upon
+     the "Hemperors personal appearance," &c., &c., &c.
+
+     Tom is in the bosom of the family for a few days.--His Pipe
+     is tuned differently now to what it used to was, for he now
+     declareth that St. John's is "a jolly school!" He seems to
+     get on very well indeed, and has brought home what Dr. Lowe
+     calls a "well-earned prize."
+
+     He laments daily over the supposed loss of 4_d_ invested in
+     a letter to you--from school--as it was directed, he
+     says,--21, Rue _Mussel wine_--I express doubts of its having
+     reached you--and he groans aloud over the Bull's eyes it
+     _would_ have bought!----
+
+     I am (at _present_) _on_ a Sporting Paper--supported by some
+     high and mighty Turf Nobs, but, I fear, like everything I
+     have to do with, now-a-days, it will collapse--for--some of
+     the Proprietors of the Paper are also Shareholders, &c.,
+     &c., in the Graphotype Co., so they want to work the two
+     together.--I hate the process--it takes quite four times as
+     long as wood--and I cannot draw and express myself with a
+     nasty little finiking brush, and the result when printed
+     seems to alternate between something all as black as my
+     hat--or as hazy and faint as a worn-out plate.--If on wood,
+     I should like it well enough--as it is--it spoils 4 days a
+     week--leaving little time for anything else. O! I'm a'weary,
+     I'm a'weary! of this illustration business.----
+
+     Tom is just off to the R.A., as it is not likely I shall go
+     much before it's close. I will get him to write you a
+     critical description of all the wonderful works in Turps,
+     Varnish, and "Hile."
+
+     Yr. affectionate Dad,
+
+     H. K. B.
+
+     _Monday Morning, 25 m. 40 s. p. 11_ A.M.
+
+     MY DEAR WALTER,
+
+     There is a man playing "Home, sweet home" upon the key
+     bugle--it is too much for me--my heart yearneth--I feel I
+     must write just a line or two--especially as it is raining
+     hard--and I don't exactly know what to be at.
+
+            *       *       *       *       *
+
+     Splendid effects yesterday evening--sun-set, twilight,
+     crescent moon--stormy clouds,--tide out--reflections--dark
+     fishing-craft--very good--quite the thing for you.
+
+     There are no people here at present--decidedly nothing
+     Belgravian--chiefly masculines--from the Saturday to the
+     Monday sort--it striketh me--a few I think have strayed here
+     from Southend--I saw this sort of thing [_see page 29_] on
+     the Grand Promenade--which looks like it.----
+
+     There was a great wind yesterday--Boreas had been taking
+     concentrated essence of ginger--It fairly took me off my
+     legs once as I was walking along the cliffs to Broadstairs,
+     luckily for me it blew _off_ the sea--and I was brought up
+     short by some railings in this wise--[_see page 22_]
+     _otherwise_ I should (_no doubt_) have been carried across a
+     5 acre field of _Cloveria Trifolia Browniensis_.--I am glad
+     to say I was also of service to humanity yesterday--I heard
+     the shrill shrieks of a child and a woman's cry for help
+     behind me--I turned--and saw there was not a moment to lose,
+     the wind had caught a poor child--'s hat (and woman's too)
+     and bore it rapidly to the edge of the cliff--with my usual
+     agility I bounded over the rails fencing the cliff--and
+     saved--yes, saved the child--'s--'at!--another puff and it
+     would have been in the deep, deep sea--the blue, the fresh,
+     &c.--Stout mama thanked me politely, and turning to her
+     husband (who, of course, had come up too late to be of any
+     use--those husbands _always_ do)--she remarked "That the
+     vind had blown both her and her child's 'at hoff and if
+     she'd know'd it--she wouldn't have brought the young-un
+     hout."
+
+     I dare say humanity is amusing here when the place is
+     full--there seems a good deal of "os" exercise--and
+     basket-carriage driving on Sundays--which is good to
+     behold--this gentleman [_see page 25_] was driving with
+     supreme self-content--having one rein all snug and tight
+     under his pony's tail--luckily the beast did not seem to
+     have any kick in him--so _perhaps_ he got safe back to
+     Margate.
+
+            *       *       *       *       *
+
+     Yr. affec. Dad,
+
+     H. K. B.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+[Illustration]
+
+     _29th Sept. 1868._
+
+     MY DEAR DOCTOR,
+
+     I have sent you a couple of canvasses--if you put little
+     Clara's head on one of them, you will immortalize her and
+     yourself too.
+
+     Also therewith you will find a Surplice, and if you will
+     only "hold forth," next Sunday, in the Grande Place of
+     Colyton--I will guarantee to say that the simplicity of yr.
+     vestment and the flowing eloquence of yr. tongue will draw
+     out--(as irresistibly as the Piper did the children) the
+     congregations of the "High" Church and the Conventicles
+     which will--one and all--rush forth for to see and to hear,
+     and admiringly surround you!--If windy, you might take this
+     for yr. text--"What went ye forth for to see?--" A reed
+     shaken by the wind? &c., &c.
+
+     There must have been a splendid _Sea on_ at _Sea-ton_, these
+     last few days,--_tons_ of _sea_, eh? As "I took my walk
+     abroad" this morning--I saw the Serpentine in all its
+     grandeur--and observed several vessels in distress--some
+     clipper yachts on their beam ends--the waves were
+     prodigious--great rollers--two especially--one a six horse
+     fellow--t'other a steamer--crunching and grinding--levelling
+     and sweeping all before them!
+
+     Have you seen the Doge of Colyton yet? or any of the Dog-es?
+
+     By all means cultivate the acquaintance of the Doge's
+     kinswoman. Miss P---- (pray give my love to
+     her)--fac-similed on the stage or in a novel, she would be a
+     "tremendous hit."
+
+     I hope you are not belying the _good_ character I have given
+     of you to the boys--and are doing Elephant, Tiger, and
+     Rhinoceros[I] to their perfect satisfaction--though,
+     considering yr. predecessor--it will test your utmost
+     powers, not to be a wretched failure, possibly--much the
+     same sort of thing--as your attempting to sing a comic song
+     immediately after the Great Vance!!! Good Night,
+
+     Yr. affectionate Dad,
+
+     H. K. B.
+
+
+The following notes have been selected from the unpublished
+correspondence of "Phiz" with CHARLES DICKENS:--
+
+     MY DEAR DICKENS,
+
+     I have just got one boot on, intending to come round to you,
+     but you have done me out of a capital excuse to myself for
+     idling away this fine morning.--I quite forgot to answer
+     your note, and Mr. Macrone's book has not been very vividly
+     present to my memory for some time past. I think by the
+     beginning of next (week) or the middle (_certain_) I shall
+     have done the plates, but in the scraps of copy that I have
+     I can see but _one good_ subject, so if you know of another
+     pray send it me. I should like "Malcolm" again, if you can
+     spare him.
+
+     Believe me,
+
+     Yours very truly,
+
+     HABLOT K. BROWNE.
+
+     Charles Dickens, Esq.
+
+
+     _Sunday, Sept._
+
+     MY DEAR DICKENS,
+
+     Can you conveniently send me the subject or subjects for
+     next week by Thursday or Friday? as I wish, if practicable,
+     to start for Brussels by the Sunday's boat--a word in reply
+     will oblige,
+
+     Yours truly,
+
+     HABLOT K. BROWNE.
+
+     Charles Dickens, Esq.
+
+
+     P.S.--Upon second thoughts I send you the enclosed
+     epistle--(if you read it, you will find out why)--the
+     writer thereof is "Harry Lorrequer," alias "Charles
+     O'Malley"--to whose house I am going.
+
+     H. K. B.
+
+
+     P.S. Second--A fortnight's furlough would suit me better
+     than a week, if it could be managed, as I should like to
+     return by Holland.
+
+     MY DEAR DICKENS,
+
+     I am sorry I cannot have a touch at battledore with you
+     to-day, being already booked for this evening--but I will
+     give you a call to-morrow _after church_, and take my chance
+     of finding you at home.
+
+     Yours very sincerely,
+
+     HABLOT K. BROWNE.
+
+     Charles Dickens, Esq.
+
+     33, HOWLAND STREET.
+
+     MY DEAR DICKENS,
+
+     I shall be most happy to remember not to forget the 10th
+     April, and, let me express a _dis_interested wish, that
+     having completed and established one "Shop"[J] in an
+     "extensive line of business," you will go on increasing and
+     multiplying such like establishments in number and
+     prosperity till you become a Dick Whittington of a merchant,
+     with pockets distended to most Brobdignag dimensions.
+
+     Believe me,
+
+     Yours very truly,
+
+     HABLOT K. BROWNE.
+
+     Charles Dickens, Esq.
+
+     I return you the Riots with many thanks.
+
+
+[Illustration]
+
+     _Sunday Morning._
+
+     MY DEAR DICKENS,
+
+     Will you give me some notion of the sort of design you wish
+     for the frontispiece to second vol. of _Clock_?[K]
+     Cattermole being put _hors de combat_--Chapman with a
+     careworn face (if you can picture that) brings me the block
+     at the eleventh hour, and requires it finished by Wednesday.
+     Now as I have two others to complete in the
+     meantime--something nice and _light_ would be best adapted
+     to my _palette_, and prevent an excess of perspiration in
+     the relays of wood-cutters. You shall have the others to
+     criticise on Tuesday.
+
+     Yours very truly,
+
+     HABLOT K. BROWNE.
+
+
+     Charles Dickens, Esq.
+
+     How are Mrs. Dickens and the "Infant?"
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[A] Pronounced _Hab-lo_, after a Monsieur Hablot, a captain in the
+French army, and a friend of the family.
+
+[B] It was Buss who illustrated Mrs. Trollope's Serial Story, _The Widow
+Married_, which was published in _The New Monthly Magazine_, 1840.
+
+[C] See _Dombey and Son_, Vol. I, p. 113--"Doctor Blimber's Young
+Gentlemen."
+
+[D] Leigh Hunt.
+
+[E] Mr. R. Young, who also undertook the precarious task of "biting in"
+his plates.
+
+[F] Water-colour white.
+
+[G] Publishers frequently availed themselves of his facile pencil, and
+would instruct him to furnish illustrations for books already in the
+press, for which he was often inadequately paid.
+
+[H] The Sculptor, and an old coadjutor on _Once a Week_. He is also the
+author of _A Salad of Stray Leaves_ now in the press, which contains a
+frontispiece by "Phiz," the last design from his pencil. This he
+executed under some difficulties, for owing to an attack of rheumatism
+in his hands, the design--teeming with fancy--had to be made on a large
+scale, and afterwards reduced by the process of photography.
+
+[I] A favourite game with the children.
+
+[J] _The Old Curiosity Shop._
+
+[K] _Master Humphrey's Clock._
+
+
+
+
+A LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL WORKS ILLUSTRATED BY "PHIZ."
+
+To enumerate all the works illustrated by "Phiz" would be a next to
+impossible task, for "their name is legion." No artist was so popular or
+so prolific as a book-illustrator, with the exception, perhaps, of
+George Cruikshank. It may fairly be questioned whether the works of
+Charles Dickens, with which the name of "Phiz" is most intimately
+associated in our minds, would have achieved such notoriety without the
+aid of the etching needle so ably wielded. Mr. John Hollingshead, in his
+essay on Dickens, says:--
+
+"The greater the value of a book as a literary production, the more will
+the circle of its influence usually be narrowed. The very shape, aspect,
+and garments of the ideal creatures who move through its pages, even
+when drawn by the pen of the first master of fiction in the land, will
+be faint and confused to the blunter perception of the general reader,
+unless aided by the attendant pencil of the illustrative artist. For the
+sharp, clear images of Mr. Pickwick, with the spectacles, gaiters, and
+low crowned hat--of Sam Weller, with the striped waistcoat and the
+artful leer--of Mr. Winkle, with the sporting costume and the foolish
+expression--more persons are indebted to the caricaturist, than to the
+faultless descriptive passages of the great creative mind that called
+the amusing puppets into existence."
+
+It was not the fame of Dickens only that was enhanced by "Phiz," for the
+numerous illustrations in the works of Charles Lever, Harrison
+Ainsworth, the brothers Mayhew, and a host of minor novelists were
+executed by his unwearied hand. It was Dickens, however, who introduced
+him to public notice, in a pamphlet, now very scarce, entitled _Sunday
+under Three Heads_, embellished with four delicately executed engravings
+drawn by "H. K. B."
+
+It was his succession to Seymour as the illustrator of the _Pickwick
+Papers_, that really excited public interest in the youthful artist, who
+created, pictorially, the second hero in the work, the inimitable Samuel
+Weller. Those who are familiar with the original edition of the
+_Pickwick Papers_ will remember with some amusement, the artist's
+introduction of the indefatigable "Boots," as represented in the yard of
+the "White Hart" Inn, Borough. The identical Inn exists at the present
+day. "Mr. Pickwick in the Pound" is another amusing plate, where the
+laughing, jeering crowd of spectators crowned by a jubilant and juvenile
+chimney sweeper, the braying of a jackass in the ears of the astonished
+hero, who sits somewhat uncomfortably in a wheelbarrow, are incidents so
+cleverly depicted as to excite unqualified admiration. "Mr. Pickwick
+Slides" is another truly artistic production. The delicate execution of
+the extreme distance where is seen a manor house of the olden time
+nestling amongst the trees, and a farmyard hard by, leaves nothing to be
+desired. Mr. Sala somewhat harshly criticises the illustrations in this
+work, which, he says, "were exceedingly humorous, but vilely drawn. The
+amazing success of his author seems, however, to have spurred the artist
+to sedulous study, and to have conduced in a remarkable degree towards
+the development of his faculties. A surprising improvement was visible
+in the frontispieces to the completed volumes[L] of _Pickwick_."
+Undoubtedly faults exist, but to characterize the illustrations as
+"vile," seems too severe a term, for after all, the exaggerated types of
+face, form, and feature, do but harmonize with the somewhat exaggerated
+descriptions of them by the author. This defect, if such it can be
+called, was remedied considerably in his later productions.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+In 1837, "Phiz" accompanied Dickens into Yorkshire, there to gather
+material for _Nicholas Nickleby_, a work which exposes the tyranny
+practised by some schoolmasters on their helpless pupils. In this book,
+published in 1839, is presented to us the despicable "Squeers," which
+type of brute in human form was so successfully realized by both Author
+and Artist, that the indignation of innumerable Yorkshire pedagogues was
+raised to threats of legal proceedings, for traducing their characters,
+one of them actually stating that "he remembered being waited on last
+January twelvemonth by two gentlemen, one of whom held him in
+conversation while the other took his likeness." The most familiar
+representation of "Squeers" is seen in the second plate, where he stands
+sharpening his pen, and is timorously approached by the stout father of
+two wizen-faced boys who are about to become his pupils. The face of the
+schoolmaster, in which are combined hypocrisy and cruelty, and the
+expression of sympathy for the new comers exhibited by the boy on the
+trunk, are worthy of the closest inspection. The effect of the school
+treatment at Dotheboy's Hall is visible in the illustration where "The
+Internal Economy" is depicted. Here we see the starveling lads during
+and after the "internal" application of superabundant doses of brimstone
+and treacle, administered by Squeers' worthy partner. The eighth plate
+happily depicts the wild excitement of the pupils when "Nicholas
+astonishes Mr. Squeers and family" by making a furious attack on the
+former with the cane; as well as "The breaking-up at Dotheboy's Hall,"
+where the boys revenge themselves on their former tormentors. There are
+two more etchings in this volume especially remarkable as artistic
+productions, viz., "Mr. and Mrs. Mantalini in Ralph Nickleby's Office,"
+where the expression of an intent listener on the face of Ralph, and of
+horror on that of Mantalini, is capitally rendered; and the plate
+entitled "The Recognition," which shows poor Smike in the act of rising
+from a couch of sickness as he recognizes "Broker," who had conveyed him
+as a child to school.
+
+_Master Humphrey's Clock_, written in 1840-1, includes the stories of
+the _Old Curiosity Shop_ and _Barnaby Rudge_ which have been happily
+termed "two unequalled twin fictions upon one stem." The illustrations
+were drawn on wood by H. K. Browne and George Cattermole, and the former
+created, pictorially, Little Nell, Mrs. Jarley, Quilp, Dick Swiveller,
+the Marchioness, Sally Brass, and her brother Sampson. "Phiz" revelled
+in wild fun in the vignettes relating to the devilries of Mr. Daniel
+Quilp and the humours of Codlin and Short, and of Mrs. Jarley's waxwork
+show. His "Marchioness" was a distinct comic creation; but in the weird
+waterscape, showing the corpse of Quilp washed ashore, he sketched a
+vista of riparian scenery which, in its desolate breadth and loneliness,
+has not since, perhaps, been equalled, save in the amazing suggestive
+Thames etchings of Mr. James Whistler. To be sure, Hablot Browne was
+stimulated to excellence during the continuance of the _Old Curiosity
+Shop_ by the friendly rivalry of the famous water-colour painter, George
+Cattermole, who drew the charming vignettes of the quaint old cottages
+and school-house and church of the village where "Little Nell" died. In
+_Barnaby Rudge_, however, Hablot Browne had things graphic his own way,
+and again towards the close he manifested genuine tragic power. His
+"Barnaby with the Raven" is lovely in its picturesque grace.[M] When the
+first cheap series of this work was published, plates by H. K. Browne
+were issued, which are now so scarce, that they are often catalogued at
+eight or ten times their original price.
+
+Two years after the visit of Dickens to America in 1842, _Martin
+Chuzzlewit_ was published, the illustrations to which excel in vigour
+all the previous efforts of "Phiz." Here we are brought face to face, in
+a pictorial sense, with the hypocrite, Mr. Pecksniff, the _abstemious_
+Mrs. Gamp and her bosom friend, Betsy Prig, simple Tom Pinch and his
+charming sister, Ruth. The frontispiece is a most ambitious work, but
+none the less successful, for "Phiz" has represented, in the space of a
+few square inches, all the leading events, humorous and pathetic,
+described in the novel. In the illustration where Mark Tapley is seen
+starting from his native village for London, "Phiz" exhibits his sense
+of the picturesque in the old gables and dormers of the cottages which
+form the background. The plate, "Mr. Pecksniff on his Mission," is full
+of interest, and gives us an insight into the character of Kingsgate
+Street, Holborn, at that time. The female neighbours of Mrs. Gamp, the
+midwife, flock round Pecksniff, commiserating with him on his supposed
+domestic cares, and advising him to "knock at the winder, Sir; knock at
+the winder. Lord bless you, don't lose no more time than you can
+help--knock at the winder!"
+
+[Illustration]
+
+But the etching in _Chuzzlewit_ which most strikes the reader as a
+ludicrous conception, is that where "Mrs. Gamp propoges a toast." Here
+he has admirably illustrated the text, wherein is described, with other
+details of a droll character, how some rusty gowns and other articles of
+that lady's wardrobe depended from the bed-posts; and "these had so
+adapted themselves by long usage to her figure, that more than one
+impatient husband, coming in precipitately, at about the time of
+twilight, had been for an instant stricken dumb by the supposed
+discovery that Mrs. Gamp had hanged herself." In the background of the
+picture are represented these indispensable articles of dress, while at
+the table sit, in friendly chat, Mrs. Gamp and Betsy.
+
+"Betsy," said Mrs. Gamp, filling her own glass and passing the tea-pot,
+"I will now propoge a toast. My frequent pardner, Betsy Prig!"
+
+"Which, altering the name to Sairah Gamp; I drink," said Mrs. Prig,
+"with love and tenderness."
+
+In 1846, _Dombey and Son_ commenced, with forty illustrations by "Phiz."
+The frontispiece is similar in design to that of _Chuzzlewit_,
+introducing the principal characters and events in the novel. The
+austere and pompous (not to say selfish) Mr. Dombey, whom "Phiz" had
+great difficulty in realizing to the author's satisfaction,[N] is
+introduced in many of the plates, although the artist has somewhat
+failed in preserving the same type of face throughout. He has succeeded
+better with the genial Captain Cuttle. Little Paul, as he sits in his
+diminutive arm-chair, contrasts most favourably in his childish
+innocence, with the grim Mrs. Pipchin, whose Ogress-like character is
+strongly marked. The scene in which Mr. Dombey introduces his daughter
+Florence to Mrs. Skewton, is one of the most successful in the book, and
+contains the _best_ type of Dombey. Here also, the face of Florence is
+truly pretty, and the artist has well portrayed the handsome but
+vindictive Edith denouncing Carker for his treachery. A very effective
+etching entitled, "On the Dark Road," represents the flight of the
+enraged and disappointed libertine. The horses are being urged on their
+mad career by the whip and spurs of a postilion, under the dark sky with
+a glimmer of light in the horizon caused by the rising sun. The artist
+at this time essayed a process of working on plates over which a
+half-tint had been previously laid by means of a ruling-machine, and in
+which the "high-lights" were afterwards "stopped out," and the "whites"
+"burnished out." He frequently availed himself of these ready means of
+producing effect. Full-length portraits of the principal characters in
+_Dombey_, which were issued as additional plates by "Phiz," are now very
+scarce.
+
+_David Copperfield_ (1850), with forty illustrations, was the next
+venture, but was not so much an artistic as a literary success. A
+favourite character in it of course, is Micawber, a kindly caricature of
+the Author's father, the realization of whom, by Browne, obtained the
+hearty approval of Dickens.
+
+The most characteristic and, perhaps, most successful work of "Phiz" is
+to be seen in the illustrations to _Bleak House_. A view of the "House"
+itself forms the subject of the frontispiece. "The Ghost's Walk," the
+"Drawing-room at Chesney Wold," "Tom All-alone's," and the gateway
+leading to the burial ground where Lady Dedlock has fallen lifeless, are
+instances where the artist has obtained some fine effects by the
+"ruled-plate" process. A writer in _The Daily Telegraph_, of July 11th,
+1882, speaks somewhat disparagingly of these illustrations, but _The
+Academy_ of a few days later, in the following remarks, thus demurs to
+his criticism:--
+
+"In the _Bleak House_ illustrations hardly anything is wrong; there is
+no shortcoming. Not only is the comic side, the even fussily comic, such
+as 'the young man of the name of Guppy,' understood and rendered well,
+but the dignified beauty of old country-house architecture, or the
+architecture of the chambers of our inns-of-court is conveyed in brief
+touches; and there is apparent everywhere that element of terrible
+suggestiveness which made not only the art of Hablot Browne, but the art
+of Charles Dickens himself, in this story of _Bleak House_, recall the
+imaginative purpose of the art of Méryon. What can be more impressive in
+connection with the story--nay, even independently of the story--than
+the illustration of Mr. Tulkinghorn's chambers in gloom; than the
+illustration of the staircase at Dedlock's own house, with the placard
+of the reward for the discovery of the murderer; than that of Tom All
+Alone's; the dark, foul darkness of the burial ground shown under scanty
+lamplight, and the special spot where lay the man who 'wos very good to
+me--he wos!'? And then again, 'the Ghost's Walk,' and once more the
+burial ground, with the woman's body--Lady Dedlock's--now close against
+its gate. Of course it would be possible to find fault with these
+things, but they have nothing of the vice of tameness--they deliver
+their message effectually. It is not their business to be faultless; it
+is their business to impress."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+A very successful rendering of character in _Bleak House_ is that of
+Harold Skimpole, whose prototype was Leigh Hunt, an intimate friend of
+the Novelist, who, by his unintentional disregard for the feelings of
+Hunt in caricaturing his peculiarities, nearly severed that friendship.
+Again, there is intense humour in the illustration facetiously styled,
+"In re Guppy, extraordinary proceeding." The love-sick Guppy is seen in
+a kneeling posture, while declaring to Miss Summerson the burning
+passion that consumes him. The expression on the face of the young lady
+shows that she is more amused than flattered by his preference.
+
+In _Little Dorrit_ (1855-7) the experience gained by both Author and
+Artist during their tour of the London prisons, stood them in good
+stead, for here the Marshalsea is fully described, the type of a
+debtor's jail. The first illustration represents the interior of a
+French prison, in which are incarcerated Monsieur Rigaud and Signor John
+Baptist. The effect of deep gloom in the cell is produced by the
+"ruled-plate" method, and is quite Rembrandt-like. In contrast with
+this, the illustration of "The Ferry," is a delightful country aspect,
+with trees and winding river; and another plate entitled "Floating
+away," an evening scene, the moon rising behind the trees, is quite
+romantic. The old house in the last picture but one--"Damocles,"--again
+shows Browne's appreciation of the picturesque architecture of bygone
+times, in the effect of light from the setting sun as it falls upon the
+house front, throwing into relief the quaint old carvings of door and
+window.
+
+The last work illustrated by "Phiz" for Dickens was _The Tale of Two
+Cities_ (1859), containing sixteen etchings full of vigour, as the
+character of the story justifies.
+
+For some reason, at this time, a rupture was caused between author and
+artist,[O] which resulted in the engagement of Mr. Marcus Stone and Mr.
+Luke Fildes as illustrators of _Our Mutual Friend_ and _Edwin Drood_.
+These accomplished painters avoided the old system of caricature, the
+old, forced humour; but it is certain that their designs are less
+intimately associated with the persons in the stories they illustrated
+than those of "Phiz" with the earlier and more popular works of Dickens.
+
+Having devoted the larger portion of the space at our disposal to a
+description of the most famous productions of Browne's pencil, which are
+prominent in the original editions of the Novels of Charles Dickens, we
+can but briefly enumerate the plates he etched for Lever, Ainsworth, and
+others.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+In Charles Lever's _Harry Lorrequer_ (1839) and _Charles O'Malley_
+(1841), the uproarious mirth and jollity of Irish military life is well
+portrayed by the needle of the artist. "The last night in Trinity" in
+the latter work, is an example of this, wherein is seen the worthy
+Doctor perched on a table, surrounded by a batch of Irish dragoons, and
+being elevated by an explosion of combustibles. The horses in the
+illustrations are admirably drawn.
+
+In _Jack Hinton_ (1842) the artist shows remarkable force in depicting
+the death of Shaun, and has well realized the humour of "Corney's Combat
+with the Cossack."
+
+_Tom Burke of Ours_ (1844) contains forty-four illustrations by "Phiz,"
+many of which represent the scenes connected with the battles of
+Austerlitz, &c., during the reign of the great Napoleon. Most especially
+noticeable is the scene in a court of justice, with "Darby in the
+Chair;" the face of that hero with an expression apparently abashed, but
+really full of roguishness, as he gazes at the counsel, is one of the
+most successful of Browne's efforts.
+
+_The O'Donoghue_ (1845), has twenty-six illustrations, most of which are
+well conceived. The falling body of a man in the frontispiece is a
+remarkable drawing. The girlish figure of Kate O'Donoghue, as she bends
+over the form of her heart-broken brother Herbert, is well depicted.
+
+_St. Patrick's Eve_ (1845), with four etchings and several woodcuts. The
+most remarkable of the former is "The Cholera Hut."
+
+_The Knight of Gwynne_ (1847), with forty illustrations.
+
+_Roland Cashel_ (1850), with forty illustrations.
+
+_The Daltons_ (1852), with forty-eight illustrations.
+
+_The Dodd Family Abroad_ (1854), with forty illustrations. The shrewd
+simplicity of Kenny Dodd is well delineated.
+
+_The Martins of Cro' Martin_ (1856), with forty illustrations.
+
+_Davenport Dunn_ (1859), with forty-four illustrations.
+
+_One of Them_ (1861), with thirty illustrations.
+
+_Barrington_ (1863), with twenty-six illustrations.
+
+_Luttrell of Arran_ (1865), with thirty-two illustrations.
+
+The following works of W. Harrison Ainsworth contain etchings and
+woodcuts by "Phiz:"--
+
+_Revelations of London_, published about 1845, but never completed, has
+an illustration which represents a tumble-down house in Vauxhall Road,
+which is almost Rembrandt-like in its power. The artist was about thirty
+years of age when he executed this.
+
+_Old St. Paul's_ (1847), contains only two plates by "Phiz," but _The
+Spendthrift_ (1857), _Mervyn Clitheroe_, and _Crichton_ were wholly
+illustrated by him.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[L] The _Pickwick Papers_ were issued in one volume, and with _one_
+frontispiece.
+
+[M] _The Daily Telegraph_, July 11th, 1882.
+
+[N] See illustration facing page 11.
+
+[O] If the following statement, made in the _Frankfurt Zeitung_, can be
+credited, any feeling of enmity that existed between them had long since
+died out:--"Just after the death of Charles Dickens, 'Phiz' was
+considerably affected by the mere mention of the name of that
+illustrious novelist, which seemed to stir up in his breast feelings of
+regret at losing such a friend."
+
+
+SOME MISCELLANEOUS WORKS ILLUSTRATED BY "PHIZ."
+
+_A Paper: of Tobacco, &c., by Joseph Fume_ (1839). With six plates by
+"Phiz." _Fiddle Faddle's Sentimental Tour, in search of the Amusing,
+Picturesque, and Agreeable_ (1845). _The Union Magazine._ Vol. I (1846).
+Containing three plates by "Phiz." _The Illuminated Magazine._ Conducted
+by Douglas Jerrold (1843-5), with woodcut illustrations by Leech, "Phiz"
+(H. K. Browne), and others. _Fanny, the little Milliner, or the Rich and
+the Poor_ (1846), illustrated by "Phiz" and Onwhyn. _Wits and Beaux of
+Society. Sketches of Cantabs, by John Smith (of Smith Hall), Gent._
+(1850). _The Cambridge Freshman._ With woodcut illustrations. _Paved
+with Gold, or Romance and Reality of the London Streets_, by Augustus
+Mayhew (1858). _A Medical, Moral, and Christian Dissection of
+Teetotalism by Democritus_ (1846). _New Sporting Magazine_ (1839). _The
+Pottleton Legacy_, by Albert Smith. _Christmas Day, and how it was spent
+by four persons in the house of Fograss, Fograss, Mowton, and Snorton,
+bankers_, by C. Le Ros (1854). _Home Pictures_ (Durtin & Co., 1856). A
+series of seven charming and characteristic plates. _Dame Perkins and
+her Grey Mare, or the Mount for Market_, by L. Meadows (1866). With
+coloured illustrations. _H. B.'s Schoolboy Days._ _Illustrations of the
+Five Senses._ _Adventures of Sir Guy de Guy_, by George Halse. _The
+Baddington Peerage_, by G. A. Sala (published in _The Illustrated
+Times_). In addition to these may be added an illustrated edition of
+Byron's works, the "Abbotsford" edition of Sir Walter Scott's Novels,
+besides numerous cuts in _The Sporting Gazette_, _The Illustrated
+Times_, the early volumes of _Once a Week_, and the Comic Papers.
+
+[Illustration: (SOME SIGNATURES ADOPTED BY H. K. BROWNE.)]
+
+
+BELCARO: being Essays on Sundry Æsthetical Questions.
+
+By VERNON LEE, author of the "Studies of the Eighteenth Century in
+Italy." 8vo. price 8_s._
+
+"There is much in this thoroughly original and delightful book which
+reminds us of the essays of the eighteenth century.... It is rare indeed
+to find so much thought conveyed in so easy a style--to find a writer
+who not only has so much that is fresh to say, but has so fresh a way of
+saying it.... This way of conveying ideas is very fascinating.... From
+first to last there is a continuous and delightful stimulation of
+thought. The book will lead to conversation, dreaming, speculation, and
+all kinds of pleasant and healthy mental exercise; and it is
+interspersed with such perfect little sketches of scenery, and passages
+of so much eloquence, that it is a literary treat to read
+it."--_Academy._
+
+"Clever and expressive, subtle and brilliant.... We could say a good
+deal more about this book as the product of a remarkably acute critical
+mind; it would bear to be read a second time, and would be found to
+repay the trouble."--_Athenæum._
+
+"Splendid essays on art.... We do not know why the writing reminds us of
+George Sand, but it does.... Vernon Lee writes prose harmonies which are
+finely composed."--_Vanity Fair._
+
+
+THE SEALS AND ARMORIAL INSIGNIA OF THE UNIVERSITY AND COLLEGES OF
+CAMBRIDGE.
+
+Part I. Post 4to., 3_s._ Relating to the University. Contains
+Chromo-lithograph and _eight engravings_ of Seals.
+
+_Imp. 16mo., elegant cover, gilt. Price 3s (Postage 4d)._
+
+
+TUSCAN FAIRY TALES. Taken down from the Mouths of the People. With
+sixteen illustrations, engraved by EDMUND EVANS.
+
+CONTENTS:--The Little Convent of Cats; The Fairies' Sieve; The Three
+Golden Apples; The Woman of Paste; The Beautiful Glutton; The King of
+Portugal's Cowherd; The Three Cauliflowers; The Siren; The Glass Coffin;
+Leonbruno.
+
+"Sumptuously printed and prettily bound."--_Athenæum._
+
+"A thoroughly delightful book. The comparative mythologist and the child
+will alike find something to gratify their very different
+tastes."--_Westminster Review._
+
+"The work will delight the little ones as well as interest the student.
+The book is charmingly got up and illustrated."--_London Review._
+
+_New Poems. Crown 8vo. Ten fine Plates, cloth, price 6s._
+
+
+GODS, SAINTS, AND MEN. By EUGENE LEE-HAMILTON.
+
+"Readers will find him, as before, a Browning without his
+obscurity."--_Graphic._
+
+"Quaint, mediæval legends and traditions, most of which have a strong
+savour of the supernatural, in strong, tuneful and artistic
+verse."--_Scotsman._
+
+_Crown 8vo., price 1s, cloth 2s._
+
+
+ON THE ART OF GARDENING: A plea for English Gardens of the future, with
+practical hints for planting them By MRS. J. FRANCIS FOSTER.
+
+"In this pleasant and original little book the authoress not only enters
+a vigorous protest against the bedding-out system and the so-called
+'natural' style of gardening, but gives very good practical advice for
+gardens of a different sort."--_Gardener's Chronicle._
+
+"This little book proceeds from a true lover of flowers and
+will be welcome to all who take an interest in their care and
+culture."--_Civilian._
+
+"A pleasant and unpretending little volume."--_Saturday Review._
+
+
+LONDON: W. SATCHELL & Co., 19, TAVISTOCK ST., COVENT GARDEN
+
+
+_Price 2s. 6d._,
+
+THE BOOK OF ODDITIES, AND PUNISHMENTS IN THE OLDEN TIME.
+
+BY WILLIAM ANDREWS, F.R.H.S.
+
+With numerous Illustrations BY GEORGE CRUIKSHANK, CROWQUILL, CUTHBERT
+BEDE, AND OTHERS.
+
+     CONTENTS:--Revivals after Execution--A Human
+     Pincushion--Female Jockeys--A Blind Road-maker--Odd
+     Showers--Singular Funerals--Whimsical Wills--Curious
+     Epitaphs--People and Steeple
+     Rhymes--Dog-Whippers--Sluggard-Wakers--Playing at Cards for
+     a Town, &c. &c.
+
+"A capitally-written book, containing a vast amount of curious and
+out-of-the-way information. Mr. Andrews is never for a moment dull, but
+gives forth his antiquarian gossip with all the enthusiasm and point of
+a practised _raconteur_. _He tells us all about the ducking-stool, the
+brank, the pillory, the stocks, the drunkard's cloak, the whipping-post,
+riding the stang, and other forms of punishment._ The book is copiously
+illustrated and well indexed, and cannot fail to be popular."--_Sunday
+Times._
+
+LONDON: W. SATCHELL AND CO., 19, TAVISTOCK STREET, COVENT GARDEN.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of 'Phiz' (Hablot Knight Browne), a
+Memoir., by Fred. G. Kitton
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 'PHIZ' (HABLOT KNIGHT BROWNE) ***
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+      The Project Gutenberg eBook of "Phiz", by Fred. G. Kitton.
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+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of 'Phiz' (Hablot Knight Browne), a Memoir., by 
+Fred. G. Kitton
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: 'Phiz' (Hablot Knight Browne), a Memoir.
+
+Author: Fred. G. Kitton
+
+Release Date: September 14, 2010 [EBook #33723]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 'PHIZ' (HABLOT KNIGHT BROWNE) ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Chris Curnow, Josephine Paolucci and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net. (This
+file was produced from images generously made available
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+
+</pre>
+
+
+
+<h1>"PHIZ"</h1>
+
+<h2>(H. K. BROWNE)</h2>
+
+<h4>A Memoir.</h4>
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<h4><i>From <span class="smcap">Punch</span>, July 22nd, 1882.</i></h4>
+
+<h3>"Phiz."</h3>
+
+<h3>HABLOT K. BROWNE, <span class="smcap">Artist. Born, 1815. Died, July, 1882.</span></h3>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">The Lamp is out that lighted up the text<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Of <span class="smcap">Dickens</span>, <span class="smcap">Lever</span>&mdash;heroes of the pen.<br /></span>
+<span class="i0"><i>Pickwick</i> and <i>Lorrequer</i> we love, but next<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">We place the man who made us see such men.<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">What should we know of <i>Martin Chuzzlewit</i>,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Stern <i>Mr. Dombey</i>, or <i>Uriah Heep</i>?<br /></span>
+<span class="i0"><i>Tom Burke of Ours?</i>&mdash;Around our hearths they sit,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Outliving their creators&mdash;all asleep!<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i6">No sweeter gift ere fell to man than his<br /></span>
+<span class="i6">Who gave us troops of friends&mdash;delightful <span class="smcap">Phiz</span>!<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">He is not dead! There in the picture-book<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">He lives with men and women that he drew;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">We take him with us to the cozy nook<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Where old companions we can love anew.<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Dear boyhood's friend! We rode with him to hounds;<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Lived with dear <i>Peggotty</i> in after years;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Missed in old Ireland where fun knew no bounds;<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">At <i>Dora's</i> death we felt poor <i>David's</i> tears!<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i6">There is no death for such a man&mdash;he is<br /></span>
+<span class="i6">The spirit of an unclosed book! immortal <span class="smcap">Phiz</span>!<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p><a name="front" id="front"></a></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 307px;">
+<img src="images/i_005.jpg" width="307" height="350" alt="" title="" />
+</div>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2>"PHIZ"</h2>
+
+<h3>(HABLOT KNIGHT BROWNE)</h3>
+
+<h3>A Memoir.</h3>
+
+<h4>INCLUDING</h4>
+
+<h3><i>A Selection from his Correspondence and Notes on his Principal Works.</i></h3>
+
+<h3>BY</h3>
+
+<h2>FRED. G. KITTON.</h2>
+
+<h4>WITH A PORTRAIT, AND NUMEROUS ILLUSTRATIONS.</h4>
+
+<p class="center">
+LONDON:<br />
+W. SATCHELL &amp; CO.,<br />
+19, TAVISTOCK STREET COVENT GARDEN.<br />
+<br />
+MDCCCLXXXII.<br />
+<br />
+<br />
+LONDON:<br />
+G. NORMAN AND SON, PRINTERS, HART STREET,<br />
+COVENT GARDEN.<br />
+</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2>PREFACE.</h2>
+
+
+<p>Taking into consideration the ability of the Artist whose name has
+become identified with the works of <span class="smcap">Dickens</span>, of <span class="smcap">Lever</span>, and of <span class="smcap">Ainsworth</span>;
+and who has contributed in the course of the present century more
+largely (perhaps with the single exception of <span class="smcap">Cruikshank</span>) to the
+embellishment of popular books than any other known illustrator; it
+would seem an inexcusable omission, almost amounting to neglect, if the
+life and labours of the late <span class="smcap">Hablot Knight Browne</span> met with no more
+worthy recognition than the fleeting comments of the daily press.</p>
+
+<p>Such, at least, is my opinion; and as a humble tribute to the memory of
+an able and industrious draughtsman, and fertile designer, I place on
+record the more generally interesting particulars of an honourable and
+exemplary career.</p>
+
+<p>To Mr. <span class="smcap">W. G. Browne</span> and Dr. <span class="smcap">Edgar Browne</span>, sons of the deceased artist,
+my best thanks are due for a kindly interest in my work, manifested more
+especially by the loan of many interesting letters dashed off on various
+occasions by "Phiz" in the wildest spirit of fun; and a willing consent
+to their appearance in print.</p>
+
+<p>I have also to acknowledge the courtesy of Messrs. <span class="smcap">H. Sotheran &amp; Co.</span>,
+for permission to copy for publication a few letters written by "Phiz"
+to <span class="smcap">Charles Dickens</span>, which are now published for the first time. For the
+Portrait (copied from a photograph, perhaps the best of the very few now
+in existence) I am indebted to the Proprietors of <i>The Graphic</i>.</p>
+
+<p>And lastly, the Author desires to associate with this brochure the name
+of his friend, Mr. <span class="smcap">George Redway</span>, who has rendered much valuable
+assistance in bringing it before the public.</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+FRED. G. KITTON.<br />
+<br />
+<span class="smcap">25, Paultons Square,<br />
+Chelsea, S.W.</span><br />
+<br />
+<i>August, 1882</i>.<br />
+</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2>LIST OF PLATES.</h2>
+
+
+
+<div class='center'>
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="">
+<tr><td align='left'>Portrait of "Phiz" (H. K. Browne)</td><td align='left'></td><td align='right'><a href="#front">FRONTISPIECE</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>The Departure</td><td align='center'>To face page</td><td align='right'><a href="#Page_8">8</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Artist's "Fancies for Mr. Dombey"</td><td align='center'>"</td><td align='right'><a href="#Page_11">11</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Sam Weller and his Father</td><td align='center'>"</td><td align='right'><a href="#Page_14">14</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Tail-piece to <i>Barnaby Rudge</i></td><td align='center'>"</td><td align='right'><a href="#Page_16">16</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Dick Swiveller and the Lodger</td><td align='center'>"</td><td align='right'><a href="#Page_20">20</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>Death of Quilp</td><td align='center'>"</td><td align='right'><a href="#Page_26">26</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align='left'>The Rioters</td><td align='center'>"</td><td align='right'><a href="#Page_30">30</a></td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">Note.</span>&mdash;With the exception of the Portrait, and the "Dombey fancies," the
+above engravings are printed from electro-types of the original blocks,
+which were first published in <i>Master Humphrey's Clock</i> (1840-1).</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" /><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</a></span></p>
+<h2>"PHIZ" (H. K. BROWNE) A MEMOIR.</h2>
+
+
+<p>"Fizz, Whizz, or something of that sort," humorous <span class="smcap">Tom Hood</span> would say,
+when trying to recall the pseudonym that has since become so familiar by
+means of the innumerable works of art to which it was appended. At the
+time <span class="smcap">Hablot<a name="FNanchor_A_1" id="FNanchor_A_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_A_1" class="fnanchor">[A]</a> Knight Browne</span> first used this quaint <i>soubriquet</i>, it was
+customary to look upon book-illustrators as second, or even third-rate
+artists&mdash;mere hacks in fact; and for this reason they usually suppressed
+their real names, in order to give themselves the opportunity of earning
+the title of <i>artist</i>, when producing more ambitious results as
+painters. Occasionally, whether by accident or design, the subject of
+this memoir would affix his real name to his illustrations; and the
+public were consequently under the impression that the two signatures
+were those of different artists, and were even wont to remark that
+"<i>Browne's work was better than that of 'Phiz!</i>'"</p>
+
+<p>It is not, perhaps, generally known that the artist's first <i>nom de
+crayon</i> was "<span class="smcap">Nemo</span>," which to some extent bears out the above statement
+that a book-illustrator was considered a "nobody." Mr. <span class="smcap">Browne</span> himself,
+in referring to the <i>Pickwick Papers</i>, gave the following
+explanation:&mdash;"I think I signed myself as '<span class="smcap">Nemo</span>' to my first etchings
+(those of No. 4) before adopting 'Phiz' as my <i>soubriquet</i>, to
+harmonize&mdash;I suppose&mdash;better with Dickens' 'Boz.'" It is only on the
+earliest printed plates in some copies of the <i>Pickwick Papers</i> that the
+signature of "<span class="smcap">Nemo</span>" can be faintly traced.</p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">Hablot Knight Browne</span>, son of William Loder Browne, a descendant from a
+Norfolk family, was born on the 12th of July, 1815, at Kennington,
+London. He was educated at a private school in Norfolk, and from an
+early age<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</a></span> evinced a taste for drawing, which, being recognized by his
+relatives, induced them to apprentice him to <span class="smcap">Finden</span>, the well-known
+line-engraver. An anecdote is told of him during his apprenticeship
+which will bear repetition. Finding <span class="smcap">Browne</span> very painstaking and
+conscientious, his master usually sent him with engraved plates to the
+printer, in order that he might superintend the operation of
+proof-taking. As printers usually take their own time over such matters,
+the youth found that this waiting the pressman's pleasure tried his
+patience too much. It therefore occurred to him that to spend the
+interval in the British Museum, hard by, would be much more suited to
+his tastes. On his returning with the proofs, <span class="smcap">Finden</span> would praise the
+boy's diligence, little thinking what trick had been practised on him.</p>
+
+<p>Line-engraving, however, did not find much favour with the future
+"Phiz," the process being too tedious; for <span class="smcap">Finden</span> would probably occupy
+some weeks to produce a small plate, which by the quicker process of
+etching, could have been executed in as many hours. He accordingly
+suspended operations in that quarter, and, in conjunction with a young
+kindred spirit, hired a small attic, and employed his time in the more
+fascinating pursuit of water-colour drawing, which he continued to
+follow with remarkable assiduity until a few days before his death.</p>
+
+<p>These juvenile disciples of the brush then worked hard at drawing in
+colour. <span class="smcap">Browne</span> paid his share of the rent in drawings, which he produced
+rapidly; indeed, there was a solemn compact between the co-workers to
+"do three a day"&mdash;they subsisting, meanwhile, on the simplest fare. At
+this time he attended the evening class at the "Life" School in St.
+Martin's Lane, and was a fellow-pupil with <span class="smcap">Etty</span>, the famous painter of
+the "nude." It was <span class="smcap">Browne's</span> great delight to watch this talented student
+at work, and he considerably neglected his own studies in consequence.</p>
+
+<p>At the age of seventeen, or thereabouts, he succeeded in gaining a medal
+offered for competition by the Society of Arts for the best
+representation of an historical subject; and was again fortunate in
+obtaining a prize, from the same Society, for a large etching of "John
+Gilpin." Mr. <span class="smcap">George Augustus Sala</span>, himself an artist of no small
+ability, remembers to have seen, in a shop-window in Wardour Street, a
+certain print by a young man named <span class="smcap">Hablot Browne</span>, representing the
+involuntary flight of John Gilpin, scattering the pigs and poultry in
+his never-to-be-forgotten ride.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;">
+<img src="images/i_012.jpg" width="600" height="425" alt="" title="" />
+</div><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>By the time he had attained his twentieth year he had acquired
+considerable facility with the pencil. <span class="smcap">Charles Dickens</span>, but three years
+his senior, and with whom the name of "Phiz" is inseparably connected,
+had just then made a wonderful reputation by his "Sketches," which first
+appeared, at intervals, during 1834-5, and were afterwards published in
+book form, illustrated by the renowned <span class="smcap">George Cruikshank</span>.</p>
+
+<p>In 1836, there appeared in print a pamphlet of some forty or fifty
+pages, entitled <i>Sunday under Three Heads&mdash;As it is; as Sabbath Bills
+would make it; as it might be made</i>; "By Timothy Sparks; illustrated by
+H. K. B.;" and dedicated to the Bishop of London. The author was <span class="smcap">Charles
+Dickens</span>, whose satire was levelled at Sir Andrew Agnew and the extreme
+Sabbatarian party, and had immediate reference to a bill "for the better
+observance of the Sabbath," which the House of Commons had recently
+thrown out by a small majority. The illustrations in this little work
+were drawn by <span class="smcap">Hablot Browne</span>, and are very choice examples of
+wood-engraving of the school that existed half a century ago. Its
+original price was one shilling, but having become very scarce, it is
+now worth more than its weight in gold.</p>
+
+<p>These early productions of <span class="smcap">Browne's</span> pencil at once introduced him to
+public notice, and <span class="smcap">Dickens</span> showed his appreciation of their excellence
+by selecting him as the illustrator of the <i>Pickwick Papers</i>, which
+appeared during the early part of that year. It is well known to the
+readers of Forster's <i>Life of Dickens</i>, that the idea of "Pickwick" was
+suggested to the author by <span class="smcap">Robert Seymour</span>, whose tastes induced him to
+etch a few plates of sporting subjects to which <span class="smcap">Dickens</span> was to supply
+the text. Thus commenced that immortal work known as <i>The Posthumous
+Papers of the Pickwick Club</i>. <span class="smcap">Seymour</span> produced seven illustrations, when
+he committed suicide, which obliged the publishers to make arrangements
+with another artist. <span class="smcap">R. W. Buss</span><a name="FNanchor_B_2" id="FNanchor_B_2"></a><a href="#Footnote_B_2" class="fnanchor">[B]</a> succeeded <span class="smcap">Seymour</span>, and etched two
+plates, which <span class="smcap">Dickens</span>, who had by this time assumed the control<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</a></span> of the
+work, thought so unsatisfactory (as indeed they were), that he declined
+his further services. Here a fresh opening was created, and <span class="smcap">William
+Makepeace Thackeray</span> competed with <span class="smcap">Hablot Knight Browne</span> for the post;
+both submitting to <span class="smcap">Dickens</span>' inspection some specimens of their work.</p>
+
+<p>The choice fell upon "Phiz," the artist whose ability has so admirably
+proved the wisdom of the selection; and <span class="smcap">Thackeray</span> thereupon determined
+to adopt another profession, with what happy results let <i>Esmond</i>
+testify. Who could say whether <i>Vanity Fair</i> would ever have been
+written had this mighty penman been chosen to succeed <span class="smcap">Buss</span>? It is
+curious to note <span class="smcap">Thackeray's</span> great anxiety to become an artist; he even
+went abroad to study, but <span class="smcap">Sala</span> tells us that "Mr. <span class="smcap">Thackeray</span> drew,
+perhaps, rather worse than he had done before beginning his continental
+studies, although at that time he actually supplied a series of etchings
+to illustrate <span class="smcap">Douglas Jerrold's</span> <i>Men of Character</i>, which were prodigies
+of badness."</p>
+
+<p>When "Phiz" had been selected as the illustrator of the <i>Pickwick
+Papers</i>, his generous rival was the first to tell him the good news, and
+offer his congratulations.</p>
+
+<p>"Phiz" may now be said to have fairly commenced his career as a
+book-illustrator. His sense of humour corresponded so exactly with that
+of <span class="smcap">Dickens</span>, that a mere suggestion enabled him to vividly represent the
+scenes described by the author. It has been remarked (and truly) that in
+many cases the plates do not correspond with the text; but this can be
+accounted for. <span class="smcap">Dickens</span>, then an enthusiastic young author, and somewhat
+impetuous in his demands for drawings, would arrive unexpectedly at
+<span class="smcap">Browne's</span> studio, hurriedly read a few pages of manuscript, and
+exclaiming, "Now, I want you to illustrate that," would take an abrupt
+departure, carrying the manuscript off with him. As soon as the artist
+could collect his faculties, he would try to recall the scene so hastily
+described, and endeavour to put it on paper. <span class="smcap">Dickens</span> himself, in his
+preface to the <i>Pickwick Papers</i>, gives a similar explanation, viz.&mdash;"It
+is due to the gentleman, whose designs accompany the letterpress, to
+state that the interval has been so short between the production of each
+number in manuscript and its appearance in print, that the greater
+portion of the illustrations have been executed by the artist from the
+author's verbal description of what he intended to write." It is
+therefore not surprising that a few errors, in such details as the
+number of boys in a procession,<a name="FNanchor_C_3" id="FNanchor_C_3"></a><a href="#Footnote_C_3" class="fnanchor">[C]</a> or the dress of an individual, should
+occur.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/i_017.jpg" width="500" height="750" alt="" title="" />
+</div><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Of <span class="smcap">Dickens'</span> Novels, <i>Martin Chuzzlewit</i> contains, perhaps, our etcher's
+most vigorous productions, but the small woodcut illustrations in
+<i>Master Humphrey's Clock</i> are very praiseworthy, and without doubt
+conduced greatly to the popularity of the book.</p>
+
+<p>The illustrations in the <i>Pickwick Papers</i> are on the whole inferior to
+many which "Phiz" subsequently executed. But an exception must be made
+in favour of the artist's realization of the character of Sam Weller,
+than which, even <span class="smcap">Seymour's</span> happy invention of Mr. Pickwick did not more
+effectually ensure the popularity of <span class="smcap">Dickens'</span> comic epic and give it a
+"deathless date."</p>
+
+<p>The extraordinary demand for copies of the <i>Pickwick Papers</i>
+necessitated a re-etching of the copper-plates, which, owing to friction
+caused by the printer's hand, had become very much worn. This
+reproduction will account for any slight difference in the details of
+the illustrations; for the repetition of subjects once etched, was a
+task by no means congenial to the artist; and this no doubt induced him
+to say, some years afterwards, in a letter to one of his sons, "O! I'm
+a' weary, I'm a' weary of this illustrating business."</p>
+
+<p>Artists frequently experience great difficulty in realizing, to the
+author's satisfaction, the description of scenes and characters. An
+illustration is here given showing <span class="smcap">Browne's</span> various "fancies for Mr.
+Dombey," all of which failed to please <span class="smcap">Dickens</span>, who also expressed his
+disapprobation of this artist's treatment of another subject in <i>Dombey
+and Son</i>. "I am really distressed," writes he, "by the illustration of
+Mrs. Pipchin and Paul. It is so frightfully and wildly wide of the mark.
+Good Heaven! in the commonest and most literal construction of the text,
+it is all wrong. She is described as an old lady, and Paul's 'miniature
+arm-chair' is mentioned more than once. He ought to be sitting in a
+little arm-chair down in the corner of the fire-place, staring up at
+her. I can't say what pain and vexation it is to be so utterly
+misrepresented. I would cheerfully have given a hundred pounds to have
+kept this illustration out of the book. He never could have got that
+idea of Mrs. Pipchin if he had attended to the text. Indeed, I<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</a></span> think he
+does better without the text; for then the notion is made easy to him in
+short description, and he can't help taking it in."</p>
+
+<p>As the tale proceeded, the artist more than compensated for his
+unsuccessful rendering of this incident; and with "Micawber," in <i>David
+Copperfield</i>, he obtained the author's entire approbation, who says,
+"Browne has sketched an uncommonly characteristic and capital Mr.
+Micawber for the next number." Again, with reference to an illustration
+in <i>Bleak House</i>, "Browne has done Skimpole, and helped to make him
+singularly unlike the great original."<a name="FNanchor_D_4" id="FNanchor_D_4"></a><a href="#Footnote_D_4" class="fnanchor">[D]</a></p>
+
+<p>Of the private life of "Phiz" little is known. His extreme nervousness
+and dislike to publicity was often misconstrued as pride; and <span class="smcap">Dickens</span>
+even had considerable difficulty in occasionally persuading him to meet
+a few friends and spend a pleasant evening. When he did accept such
+invitations, he invariably tried to seclude himself in a corner of the
+room, or behind a curtain. His desire for a quiet, unobtrusive life,
+induced him to pass most of his time in country retirement, all business
+matters in town being transacted by an intimate friend.<a name="FNanchor_E_5" id="FNanchor_E_5"></a><a href="#Footnote_E_5" class="fnanchor">[E]</a> Authors or
+publishers wishing to have a personal interview with "Phiz" were
+compelled to visit him at his residence, a few miles from town, and many
+were the <i>contretemps</i> on dark nights as they crossed a bleak moor to
+reach their destination. His sons looked forward to the time when
+visitors were expected, in order to hear the stories of wild adventure
+which generally befell them, and to laugh at their discomfiture.</p>
+
+<p>"Phiz" had been from his boyhood accustomed to horses, and frequently
+hunted with the Surrey hounds. To this circumstance is due the extreme
+facility with which he delineated the horse in action in the hunting
+field and elsewhere. At one time he contributed sketches to <i>The
+Sporting Gazette</i>. This industrious artist was never known to take a
+lengthened holiday, but occasionally spent a few days at the seaside,
+where, no doubt, his pencil was fully employed. A letter, written while
+staying at Margate, to his son Mr. Walter G. Browne (whom, for some
+unknown reason he styled "Doctor"), shows his innate sense of humour.</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</a></span></p>
+<div class="blockquot"><p class="right"><i>Tuesday, June 19</i>, <span class="smcap">6a, Crescent Place, Margate</span>. </p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">My dear Dr.</span>,</p>
+
+<p>"I h&#257;&#257;ve my W. C. White:<a name="FNanchor_F_6" id="FNanchor_F_6"></a><a href="#Footnote_F_6" class="fnanchor">[F]</a>&mdash;but I have no white
+<i>collars</i>&mdash;and as I am swelling it about without a
+necktie&mdash;mine having mysteriously disappeared, left behind
+in a bath probably&mdash;perhaps it would be coming it too strong
+to appear without collars also, and it is hardly warm enough
+for it either. Your P.O. is from the Miscellany&mdash;to H. K.
+Browne&mdash;from Mr. Barrett&mdash;Xtian name unknown&mdash;and no matter.
+Any blocks that come, forward on. Send me a * * * * * *
+before I return. I did some very good shades myself&mdash;of
+myself&mdash;unconsciously&mdash;yesterday evening. The baths run
+along one side of the High Street, flush with the
+pavement&mdash;and I found when I had nearly finished my toilet
+that the gas-burner was so ingeniously placed, that it was
+impossible for any bather to avoid casting gigantic studies
+of the nude upon the window blind.&mdash;This sort of thing.&mdash;"</p></div>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i_020.jpg" width="400" height="397" alt="" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>[Here follow several other sketches of the bather in various attitudes].</p>
+
+<p>His appreciation of fun is thus referred to by <span class="smcap">Dickens</span> in a letter to
+Mrs. Dickens, dating from the Lion Hotel, Shrewsbury. "Thursday, Nov.
+1st, 1838.&mdash;We were at the play last night. It was a bespeak&mdash;'The Love
+Chase,' a ballet (with a phenomenon!), divers songs, and 'A Roland<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[Pg 14]</a></span> for
+an Oliver.' It is a good theatre, but the actors are very funny. Browne
+laughed with such indecent heartiness at one point of the entertainment,
+that an old gentleman in the next box suffered the most violent
+indignation."</p>
+
+<p>In 1837, "Phiz" accompanied <span class="smcap">Dickens</span> to Flanders, for a ten days' summer
+holiday; and in 1838 they went to Yorkshire, a journey which resulted in
+the production of <i>Nicholas Nickleby</i>.</p>
+
+<p>The following year he made one of a party of four, and visited, with
+<span class="smcap">Dickens</span>, <span class="smcap">Macready</span> and <span class="smcap">Forster</span>, nearly all the London prisons. These
+joint tours of Author and Artist could not fail to assist the
+realization of the scenes they intended to depict.</p>
+
+<p>It is an interesting fact in connection with the career of "Phiz," that
+he would never agree to draw from the living model,&mdash;all his
+representations of moving crowds, and the various types of humanity,
+which his etchings exhibit, being drawn from recollection. He would
+sometimes make a few jottings in pencil&mdash;mere memoranda&mdash;when anything
+struck him as being worthy of reproduction, but beyond that he depended
+on his excellent memory. For example, he would go to Epsom on the Derby
+Day without taking a pencil even, and, on returning home, would draw to
+the life exact portraits of any conspicuous or eccentric character he
+had seen on the course.</p>
+
+<p>As previously stated, <span class="smcap">Browne</span> was extremely fond of water-colour drawing,
+and executed some thousands during his life; not unfrequently a day's
+work would be represented by three or four of these productions. They
+were not caricatures, as one might suppose, but rural scenes <i>&agrave; la
+Watteau</i>, and allegorical subjects. This fact controverts the statement
+made in a daily paper, that "unfortunately, without a text to
+illustrate, 'Phiz' never had half-a-dozen ideas in his head" (!). For
+many years he was a constant contributor of pictures&mdash;figure subjects of
+a humorous and dramatic character&mdash;to the Exhibitions of the British
+Institution, and of the Society of British Artists. Among his more
+ambitious efforts was a cartoon of considerable dimensions, representing
+"A Foraging Party of C&aelig;sar's Forces surprised by the Britons," which
+appeared as No. 65 at the Westminster Hall Exhibition of 1843. This,
+notwithstanding the "scratchy" manner of its execution, displayed
+remarkable skill and abundant energy of design. At the same gathering
+another cartoon was attributed to him, of which the energy bordered on
+caricature; it was named, "Henry II defied by a Welsh Mountaineer."</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;">
+<img src="images/i_022.jpg" width="600" height="458" alt="" title="" />
+</div><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>At one time "Phiz" received an extraordinary commission to reproduce in
+water-colour all his illustrations to the Novels of <span class="smcap">Dickens</span>. The Artist
+reminded his patron of the magnitude of the undertaking, but the request
+was persisted in, and the work duly executed.</p>
+
+<p>His love of bracing air induced him to pay frequent visits to the
+seaside; but on one occasion he lodged in a house not remarkable for its
+odoriferous nature; and, in order to produce a current of fresh air in
+his bed-room, he opened door and window, and slept in the draught caused
+thereby. For many years before his death, he suffered from incipient
+paralysis, the result, no doubt, of this incautious act, and to which
+may be attributed his disappearance from the art world some fifteen
+years ago.</p>
+
+<p>"Phiz," notwithstanding his crippled condition, still worked hard with
+admirable perseverance, though his difficulties were increased by an
+injury to his thumb, which compelled him to hold his pencil between the
+middle and fore fingers. His friends endeavoured to persuade him to draw
+his pictures on a larger scale, in order that they might be photographed
+to the required dimensions, but, with one or two exceptions, he refused
+to act on this suggestion. He gradually lost that facility which
+characterized his work, and latterly yielded to proposals to illustrate
+boys' literature of a rather low class.</p>
+
+<p>The time is past, no doubt, which encouraged the method of
+book-illustration adopted by "Phiz." It has given place to
+wood-engraving, and multifarious phototypic processes, that, perhaps,
+are commercially preferable, but from an artistic standpoint much
+inferior. We must, however, except the wonderful results some
+wood-engravers have produced from time to time, which etchers, even,
+cannot hope to excel.</p>
+
+<p>Dr. Edgar Browne describes his father's indifference to the value of his
+work, or the time and labour bestowed upon it:&mdash;"He never understood the
+art of husbanding or developing his powers,&mdash;he never set to work to
+learn any technical process; when he had a little leisure from
+'illustration' work, he used to start a picture 'to get his hand
+in'&mdash;generally taking some unimportant or trivial<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[Pg 16]</a></span> subject for this
+purpose. His facility of hand both in large and minute work was
+something marvellous. At one time, he produced a very remarkable series
+of sketches in chalk made during a tour in Ireland. They are scattered
+now, but are as fine as anything he did, and are certainly the best
+records of a people who have practically vanished. He was astonishingly
+careless about his work. Hundreds of original designs were thrown into
+the waste-paper basket; apart from their local interest similar sketches
+have found willing purchasers of late years."</p>
+
+<p>Like many other artists whose pecuniary reward had not been commensurate
+with their ability,<a name="FNanchor_G_7" id="FNanchor_G_7"></a><a href="#Footnote_G_7" class="fnanchor">[G]</a> he became the recipient of a pension. The kind
+instrumentality of a few Royal Academicians obtained for him an annual
+grant which had been previously enjoyed by the late <span class="smcap">George Cruikshank</span>.</p>
+
+<p>On the 8th of July, 1882, the death occurred of the famous "Phiz." At
+the quiet village of Hove, near Brighton, where the last few years of
+his life were spent, he succumbed in his sixty-seventh year to infirmity
+rather than old age. Almost forgotten as a man, his productions have
+remained in our memories, and will continue to do so as long as the
+works of <span class="smcap">Dickens</span> and <span class="smcap">Lever</span> are read and appreciated. His remains were
+interred at the extra-mural Cemetery, Brighton. The funeral was private,
+the only mourners present being the four sons of the deceased, Dr.
+Ambler, Mr. George Halse,<a name="FNanchor_H_8" id="FNanchor_H_8"></a><a href="#Footnote_H_8" class="fnanchor">[H]</a> and Mr. Robert Harrison.</p>
+
+<p>As admirers of his artistic ability we place this Memoir as a wreath
+upon his grave.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;">
+<img src="images/i_026.jpg" width="600" height="437" alt="" title="" />
+</div><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[Pg 17]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;">
+<img src="images/i_028.jpg" width="600" height="340" alt="" title="" />
+</div><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[Pg 18]</a></span></p>
+
+<h2>CORRESPONDENCE.</h2>
+
+
+<p>The following letters were addressed by the artist-humorist to his son,
+Mr. Walter Gr. Browne:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p class="right"><span class="smcap">Blenheim Crescent</span>, <i>Sept., Saturday, 3 o'clk.</i> <span class="smcap">p.m.</span>, <span class="smcap">a.d.</span>
+<i>1867</i>. </p>
+
+<p><i>My Dear Dr.</i>,</p>
+
+<p>I have nearly bursted my heart out, and proved, that my soul
+or soles (I have two) is'nt&mdash;or an't&mdash;immortal,&mdash;by wearing
+on 'em out running to and fro after yr.
+<i>Balmorals</i>&mdash;Bootless errands! The wretched slave (of awl)
+has but just brought them! I bristle with wrath! and could
+welt him!&mdash;but&mdash;no&mdash;I won't&mdash;he may want his calf's skin
+whole, to mend his own <i>Bad-morals</i>!!</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 25%;' />
+
+<p>I rush! I fly! to the Gt. W. R. Station!&mdash;--!!!!</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 650px;">
+<img src="images/i_029.jpg" width="650" height="316" alt="" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>I sink&mdash;breathless into the arms of the astounded
+clerk&mdash;point to the boots&mdash;&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><i>My-mouth</i> faintly whispers "<i>Wey-mouth</i> in his pen-adorned
+<i>Ear</i>!!" and&mdash;and&mdash;"Bless me! where am <i>I</i>?"&mdash;and, and&mdash;I
+wish&mdash;you may get 'em!</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 25%;' />
+
+<p>If you visit Portland again, make a note of any
+peculiarities of spot&mdash;convict dress, &amp;c.&mdash;as I have a
+touching bit of horse-y sentiment (!) connected therewith,
+which will do for <i>Spg. Gazette</i>.&mdash;I should think you ought
+to find painty bits&mdash;within walking distance&mdash;say&mdash;right or
+left ten miles?</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 25%;' />
+
+<p class="right">
+Yrs. affecty.,<br />
+<br />
+<span class="smcap">Dad</span>.<br />
+</p></div>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' /><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[Pg 19]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p class="right"><i>Sunday.</i></p>
+
+<p>Really, my dear Walter, I thought you <i>did</i> know better than
+to disturb my devotional frame of mind on this blessed
+Sabbath morn by forwarding me such a thoroughly worldly and
+evil-thought-producing thing as a wretched milliner's
+bill!!!&mdash;The wretch must wait&mdash;he gorged &pound;5 not long before
+I left home.&mdash;The greediness of some men!!</p>
+
+<p>The Pic. Gall. circular I return&mdash;as you may like to enquire
+about it&mdash;the doz. others, "cheap bacon"&mdash;"patent teeth and
+everlasting gums," &amp;c., &amp;c., &amp;c., &amp;c., &amp;c. I shall manure
+the grounds of Colyton with &mdash;&mdash;.</p>
+
+<p>I think you might get some background material for coast
+scenes down here.</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+Yr. affec. Dad,<br />
+<br />
+H. K. B.<br />
+</p></div>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p class="right"> 69, <span class="smcap">Blenheim Crescent, Notting-Hill</span>, <i>Saturday</i>.</p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">My dear Doctor</span>,</p>
+
+<p>I send the Tenpounder, may it reach you in safety!</p>
+
+<p>The Commander has returned. I sent you a paper containing
+the important news, which, however, may <i>not</i> have reached
+you, although I don't think it contained any remarks upon
+the "Hemperors personal appearance," &amp;c., &amp;c., &amp;c.</p>
+
+<p>Tom is in the bosom of the family for a few days.&mdash;His Pipe
+is tuned differently now to what it used to was, for he now
+declareth that St. John's is "a jolly school!" He seems to
+get on very well indeed, and has brought home what Dr. Lowe
+calls a "well-earned prize."</p>
+
+<p>He laments daily over the supposed loss of 4<i>d</i> invested in
+a letter to you&mdash;from school&mdash;as it was directed, he
+says,&mdash;21, Rue <i>Mussel wine</i>&mdash;I express doubts of its having
+reached you&mdash;and he groans aloud over the Bull's eyes it
+<i>would</i> have bought!&mdash;&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>I am (at <i>present</i>) <i>on</i> a Sporting Paper&mdash;supported by some
+high and mighty Turf Nobs, but, I fear, like everything I
+have to do with, now-a-days, it will collapse&mdash;for&mdash;some of
+the Proprietors of the Paper are also Shareholders, &amp;c.,
+&amp;c., in the Graphotype Co., so they want to work the two
+together.&mdash;I hate the process&mdash;it takes quite four times as
+long as wood&mdash;and I cannot draw and express myself with a
+nasty little finiking brush, and the result when printed
+seems to alternate between something all as black as my
+hat&mdash;or as hazy and faint as a worn-out plate.&mdash;If on wood,
+I should like it well enough&mdash;as it is&mdash;it spoils 4 days a
+week&mdash;leaving little time for anything else. O! I'm a'weary,
+I'm a'weary! of this illustration business.&mdash;&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>Tom is just off to the R.A., as it is not likely I shall go
+much before it's close. I will get him to write you a
+critical description of all the wonderful works in Turps,
+Varnish, and "Hile."</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+Yr. affectionate Dad,<br />
+<br />
+H. K. B.<br />
+</p></div>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' /><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[Pg 20]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p class="right"> <i>Monday Morning, 25 m. 40 s. p. 11</i> <span class="smcap">a.m.</span></p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">My Dear Walter</span>,</p>
+
+<p>There is a man playing "Home, sweet home" upon the key
+bugle&mdash;it is too much for me&mdash;my heart yearneth&mdash;I feel I
+must write just a line or two&mdash;especially as it is raining
+hard&mdash;and I don't exactly know what to be at.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 25%;' />
+
+<p>Splendid effects yesterday evening&mdash;sun-set, twilight,
+crescent moon&mdash;stormy clouds,&mdash;tide out&mdash;reflections&mdash;dark
+fishing-craft&mdash;very good&mdash;quite the thing for you.</p>
+
+<p>There are no people here at present&mdash;decidedly nothing
+Belgravian&mdash;chiefly masculines&mdash;from the Saturday to the
+Monday sort&mdash;it striketh me&mdash;a few I think have strayed here
+from Southend&mdash;I saw this sort of thing [<i>see page 29</i>] on
+the Grand Promenade&mdash;which looks like it.&mdash;&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>There was a great wind yesterday&mdash;Boreas had been taking
+concentrated essence of ginger&mdash;It fairly took me off my
+legs once as I was walking along the cliffs to Broadstairs,
+luckily for me it blew <i>off</i> the sea&mdash;and I was brought up
+short by some railings in this wise&mdash;[<i>see page 22</i>]
+<i>otherwise</i> I should (<i>no doubt</i>) have been carried across a
+5 acre field of <i>Cloveria Trifolia Browniensis</i>.&mdash;I am glad
+to say I was also of service to humanity yesterday&mdash;I heard
+the shrill shrieks of a child and a woman's cry for help
+behind me&mdash;I turned&mdash;and saw there was not a moment to lose,
+the wind had caught a poor child&mdash;'s hat (and woman's too)
+and bore it rapidly to the edge of the cliff&mdash;with my usual
+agility I bounded over the rails fencing the cliff&mdash;and
+saved&mdash;yes, saved the child&mdash;'s&mdash;'at!&mdash;another puff and it
+would have been in the deep, deep sea&mdash;the blue, the fresh,
+&amp;c.&mdash;Stout mama thanked me politely, and turning to her
+husband (who, of course, had come up too late to be of any
+use&mdash;those husbands <i>always</i> do)&mdash;she remarked "That the
+vind had blown both her and her child's 'at hoff and if
+she'd know'd it&mdash;she wouldn't have brought the young-un
+hout."</p>
+
+<p>I dare say humanity is amusing here when the place is
+full&mdash;there seems a good deal of "os" exercise&mdash;and
+basket-carriage driving on Sundays&mdash;which is good to
+behold&mdash;this gentleman [<i>see page 25</i>] was driving with
+supreme self-content&mdash;having one rein all snug and tight
+under his pony's tail&mdash;luckily the beast did not seem to
+have any kick in him&mdash;so <i>perhaps</i> he got safe back to
+Margate.</p>
+
+<hr style='width: 25%;' />
+
+<p class="right">
+Yr. affec. Dad,<br />
+<br />
+H. K. B.<br />
+</p></div>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;">
+<img src="images/i_032.jpg" width="600" height="415" alt="" title="" />
+</div><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[Pg 21]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p class="right"> <i>29th Sept. 1868.</i></p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">My Dear Doctor</span>,</p>
+
+<p>I have sent you a couple of canvasses&mdash;if you put little
+Clara's head on one of them, you will immortalize her and
+yourself too.</p>
+
+<p>Also therewith you will find a Surplice, and if you will
+only "hold forth," next Sunday, in the Grande Place of
+Colyton&mdash;I will guarantee to say that the simplicity of yr.
+vestment and the flowing eloquence of yr. tongue will draw
+out&mdash;(as irresistibly as the Piper did the children) the
+congregations of the "High" Church and the Conventicles
+which will&mdash;one and all&mdash;rush forth for to see and to hear,
+and admiringly surround you!&mdash;If windy, you might take this
+for yr. text&mdash;"What went ye forth for to see?&mdash;" A reed
+shaken by the wind? &amp;c., &amp;c.</p>
+
+<p>There must have been a splendid <i>Sea on</i> at <i>Sea-ton</i>, these
+last few days,&mdash;<i>tons</i> of <i>sea</i>, eh? As "I took my walk
+abroad" this morning&mdash;I saw the Serpentine in all its
+grandeur&mdash;and observed several vessels in distress&mdash;some
+clipper yachts on their beam ends&mdash;the waves were
+prodigious&mdash;great rollers&mdash;two especially&mdash;one a six horse
+fellow&mdash;t'other a steamer&mdash;crunching and grinding&mdash;levelling
+and sweeping all before them!</p>
+
+<p>Have you seen the Doge of Colyton yet? or any of the Dog-es?</p>
+
+<p>By all means cultivate the acquaintance of the Doge's
+kinswoman. Miss P&mdash;&mdash; (pray give my love to
+her)&mdash;fac-similed on the stage or in a novel, she would be a
+"tremendous hit."</p>
+
+<p>I hope you are not belying the <i>good</i> character I have given
+of you to the boys&mdash;and are doing Elephant, Tiger, and
+Rhinoceros<a name="FNanchor_I_9" id="FNanchor_I_9"></a><a href="#Footnote_I_9" class="fnanchor">[I]</a> to their perfect satisfaction&mdash;though,
+considering yr. predecessor&mdash;it will test your utmost
+powers, not to be a wretched failure, possibly&mdash;much the
+same sort of thing&mdash;as your attempting to sing a comic song
+immediately after the Great Vance!!! Good Night,</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+Yr. affectionate Dad,<br />
+<br />
+H. K. B.<br />
+</p></div>
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+
+<p>The following notes have been selected from the unpublished
+correspondence of "Phiz" with <span class="smcap">Charles Dickens</span>:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">My Dear Dickens,</span></p>
+
+<p>I have just got one boot on, intending to come round to you,
+but you have done me out of a capital excuse to myself for
+idling away this fine morning.&mdash;I quite forgot to answer
+your note, and Mr. Macrone's book has not been very vividly
+present to my memory for some time past. I think by the
+beginning of next (week) or the middle (<i>certain</i>) I shall
+have done the plates, but in the scraps of copy that I have
+I can see but <i>one good</i> subject, so if you know of another
+pray send it me. I should like "Malcolm" again, if you can
+spare him.</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+Believe me,<br />
+<br />
+Yours very truly,<br />
+<br />
+<span class="smcap">Hablot K. Browne.</span><br />
+<br />
+Charles Dickens, Esq.<br />
+</p></div>
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="right">
+<i>Sunday, Sept.</i><br />
+</p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">My Dear Dickens,</span></p>
+
+<p>Can you conveniently send me the subject or subjects for
+next week by Thursday or Friday? as I wish, if practicable,
+to start for Brussels by the Sunday's boat&mdash;a word in reply
+will oblige,</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+Yours truly,<br />
+<br />
+<span class="smcap">Hablot K. Browne.</span><br />
+<br />
+Charles Dickens, Esq.<br />
+</p></div>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>P.S.&mdash;Upon second thoughts I send you the enclosed
+epistle&mdash;(if<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[Pg 22]</a></span> you read it, you will find out why)&mdash;the
+writer thereof is "Harry Lorrequer," alias "Charles
+O'Malley"&mdash;to whose house I am going.</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+H. K. B.<br />
+</p></div>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>P.S. Second&mdash;A fortnight's furlough would suit me better
+than a week, if it could be managed, as I should like to
+return by Holland.</p></div>
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">My Dear Dickens,</span></p>
+
+<p>I am sorry I cannot have a touch at battledore with you
+to-day, being already booked for this evening&mdash;but I will
+give you a call to-morrow <i>after church</i>, and take my chance
+of finding you at home.</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+Yours very sincerely,<br />
+<br />
+<span class="smcap">Hablot K. Browne.</span><br />
+<br />
+Charles Dickens, Esq.<br />
+</p></div>
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+<div class="blockquot"><p class="right"> <span class="smcap">33, Howland Street.</span></p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">My Dear Dickens,</span></p>
+
+<p>I shall be most happy to remember not to forget the 10th
+April, and, let me express a <i>dis</i>interested wish, that
+having completed and established one "Shop"<a name="FNanchor_J_10" id="FNanchor_J_10"></a><a href="#Footnote_J_10" class="fnanchor">[J]</a> in an
+"extensive line of business," you will go on increasing and
+multiplying such like establishments in number and
+prosperity till you become a Dick Whittington of a merchant,
+with pockets distended to most Brobdignag dimensions.</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+Believe me,<br />
+<br />
+Yours very truly,<br />
+<br />
+<span class="smcap">Hablot K. Browne.</span><br />
+<br />
+Charles Dickens, Esq.<br />
+</p>
+
+<p>I return you the Riots with many thanks.</p></div>
+
+<hr style='width: 45%;' />
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;">
+<img src="images/i_035.jpg" width="600" height="312" alt="" title="" />
+</div>
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[Pg 23]</a></span></p>
+<div class="blockquot"><p class="right"> <i>Sunday Morning.</i></p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">My Dear Dickens</span>,</p>
+
+<p>Will you give me some notion of the sort of design you wish
+for the frontispiece to second vol. of <i>Clock</i>?<a name="FNanchor_K_11" id="FNanchor_K_11"></a><a href="#Footnote_K_11" class="fnanchor">[K]</a>
+Cattermole being put <i>hors de combat</i>&mdash;Chapman with a
+careworn face (if you can picture that) brings me the block
+at the eleventh hour, and requires it finished by Wednesday.
+Now as I have two others to complete in the
+meantime&mdash;something nice and <i>light</i> would be best adapted
+to my <i>palette</i>, and prevent an excess of perspiration in
+the relays of wood-cutters. You shall have the others to
+criticise on Tuesday.</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+Yours very truly,<br />
+<br />
+<span class="smcap">Hablot K. Browne</span>.<br />
+</p>
+
+<p>Charles Dickens, Esq.</p>
+
+<p>How are Mrs. Dickens and the "Infant?"</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_A_1" id="Footnote_A_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_A_1"><span class="label">[A]</span></a> Pronounced <i>Hab-lo</i>, after a Monsieur Hablot, a captain in
+the French army, and a friend of the family.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_B_2" id="Footnote_B_2"></a><a href="#FNanchor_B_2"><span class="label">[B]</span></a> It was Buss who illustrated Mrs. Trollope's Serial Story,
+<i>The Widow Married</i>, which was published in <i>The New Monthly Magazine</i>,
+1840.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_C_3" id="Footnote_C_3"></a><a href="#FNanchor_C_3"><span class="label">[C]</span></a> See <i>Dombey and Son</i>, Vol. I, p. 113&mdash;"Doctor Blimber's
+Young Gentlemen."</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_D_4" id="Footnote_D_4"></a><a href="#FNanchor_D_4"><span class="label">[D]</span></a> Leigh Hunt.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_E_5" id="Footnote_E_5"></a><a href="#FNanchor_E_5"><span class="label">[E]</span></a> Mr. R. Young, who also undertook the precarious task of
+"biting in" his plates.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_F_6" id="Footnote_F_6"></a><a href="#FNanchor_F_6"><span class="label">[F]</span></a> Water-colour white.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_G_7" id="Footnote_G_7"></a><a href="#FNanchor_G_7"><span class="label">[G]</span></a> Publishers frequently availed themselves of his facile
+pencil, and would instruct him to furnish illustrations for books
+already in the press, for which he was often inadequately paid.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_H_8" id="Footnote_H_8"></a><a href="#FNanchor_H_8"><span class="label">[H]</span></a> The Sculptor, and an old coadjutor on <i>Once a Week</i>. He is
+also the author of <i>A Salad of Stray Leaves</i> now in the press, which
+contains a frontispiece by "Phiz," the last design from his pencil. This
+he executed under some difficulties, for owing to an attack of
+rheumatism in his hands, the design&mdash;teeming with fancy&mdash;had to be made
+on a large scale, and afterwards reduced by the process of
+photography.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_I_9" id="Footnote_I_9"></a><a href="#FNanchor_I_9"><span class="label">[I]</span></a> A favourite game with the children.</p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_J_10" id="Footnote_J_10"></a><a href="#FNanchor_J_10"><span class="label">[J]</span></a> <i>The Old Curiosity Shop.</i></p></div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_K_11" id="Footnote_K_11"></a><a href="#FNanchor_K_11"><span class="label">[K]</span></a> <i>Master Humphrey's Clock.</i></p></div>
+</div>
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><span class="smcap">A List of the Principal Works Illustrated by "Phiz."</span></h2>
+
+<p>To enumerate all the works illustrated by "Phiz" would be a next to
+impossible task, for "their name is legion." No artist was so popular or
+so prolific as a book-illustrator, with the exception, perhaps, of
+George Cruikshank. It may fairly be questioned whether the works of
+Charles Dickens, with which the name of "Phiz" is most intimately
+associated in our minds, would have achieved such notoriety without the
+aid of the etching needle so ably wielded. Mr. John Hollingshead, in his
+essay on Dickens, says:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>"The greater the value of a book as a literary production, the more will
+the circle of its influence usually be narrowed. The very shape, aspect,
+and garments of the ideal creatures who move through its pages, even
+when drawn by the pen of the first master of fiction in the land, will
+be faint and confused to the blunter perception of the general reader,
+unless aided by the attendant pencil of the illustrative artist. For the
+sharp, clear images of Mr. Pickwick, with the spectacles, gaiters, and
+low crowned hat&mdash;of Sam Weller, with the striped waistcoat and the
+artful leer&mdash;of Mr. Winkle, with the sporting costume and the foolish
+expression&mdash;more persons are indebted to the caricaturist, than to the
+faultless descriptive passages of the great creative mind that called
+the amusing puppets into existence."</p>
+
+<p>It was not the fame of Dickens only that was enhanced by "Phiz," for the
+numerous illustrations in the works of Charles Lever, Harrison
+Ainsworth, the brothers Mayhew,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[Pg 24]</a></span> and a host of minor novelists were
+executed by his unwearied hand. It was Dickens, however, who introduced
+him to public notice, in a pamphlet, now very scarce, entitled <i>Sunday
+under Three Heads</i>, embellished with four delicately executed engravings
+drawn by "H. K. B."</p>
+
+<p>It was his succession to Seymour as the illustrator of the <i>Pickwick
+Papers</i>, that really excited public interest in the youthful artist, who
+created, pictorially, the second hero in the work, the inimitable Samuel
+Weller. Those who are familiar with the original edition of the
+<i>Pickwick Papers</i> will remember with some amusement, the artist's
+introduction of the indefatigable "Boots," as represented in the yard of
+the "White Hart" Inn, Borough. The identical Inn exists at the present
+day. "Mr. Pickwick in the Pound" is another amusing plate, where the
+laughing, jeering crowd of spectators crowned by a jubilant and juvenile
+chimney sweeper, the braying of a jackass in the ears of the astonished
+hero, who sits somewhat uncomfortably in a wheelbarrow, are incidents so
+cleverly depicted as to excite unqualified admiration. "Mr. Pickwick
+Slides" is another truly artistic production. The delicate execution of
+the extreme distance where is seen a manor house of the olden time
+nestling amongst the trees, and a farmyard hard by, leaves nothing to be
+desired. Mr. Sala somewhat harshly criticises the illustrations in this
+work, which, he says, "were exceedingly humorous, but vilely drawn. The
+amazing success of his author seems, however, to have spurred the artist
+to sedulous study, and to have conduced in a remarkable degree towards
+the development of his faculties. A surprising improvement was visible
+in the frontispieces to the completed volumes[L] of <i>Pickwick</i>."
+Undoubtedly faults exist, but to characterize the illustrations as
+"vile," seems too severe a term, for after all, the exaggerated types of
+face, form, and feature, do but harmonize with the somewhat exaggerated
+descriptions of them by the author. This defect, if such it can be
+called, was remedied considerably in his later productions.</p>
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[Pg 25]</a></span></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/i_038.jpg" width="500" height="238" alt="" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>In 1837, "Phiz" accompanied Dickens into Yorkshire, there to gather
+material for <i>Nicholas Nickleby</i>, a work which exposes the tyranny
+practised by some schoolmasters on their helpless pupils. In this book,
+published in 1839, is presented to us the despicable "Squeers," which
+type of brute in human form was so successfully realized by both Author
+and Artist, that the indignation of innumerable Yorkshire pedagogues was
+raised to threats of legal proceedings, for traducing their characters,
+one of them actually stating that "he remembered being waited on last
+January twelvemonth by two gentlemen, one of whom held him in
+conversation while the other took his likeness." The most familiar
+representation of "Squeers" is seen in the second plate, where he stands
+sharpening his pen, and is timorously approached by the stout father of
+two wizen-faced boys who are about to become his pupils. The face of the
+schoolmaster, in which are combined hypocrisy and cruelty, and the
+expression of sympathy for the new comers exhibited by the boy on the
+trunk, are worthy of the closest inspection. The effect of the school
+treatment at Dotheboy's Hall is visible in the illustration where "The
+Internal Economy" is depicted. Here we see the starveling lads during
+and after the "internal" application of superabundant doses of brimstone
+and treacle, administered by Squeers' worthy partner. The eighth plate
+happily depicts the wild excitement of the pupils when "Nicholas
+astonishes Mr. Squeers and family" by making a furious attack on the
+former with the cane; as well as "The breaking-up at Dotheboy's Hall,"
+where the boys revenge themselves on their former tormentors. There are
+two more etchings in this volume especially remarkable as artistic
+productions, viz., "Mr. and Mrs. Mantalini in Ralph Nickleby's Office,"
+where the expression of an intent listener on the face of Ralph, and of
+horror on that of Mantalini, is capitally rendered; and the plate<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[Pg 26]</a></span>
+entitled "The Recognition," which shows poor Smike in the act of rising
+from a couch of sickness as he recognizes "Broker," who had conveyed him
+as a child to school.</p>
+
+<p><i>Master Humphrey's Clock</i>, written in 1840-1, includes the stories of
+the <i>Old Curiosity Shop</i> and <i>Barnaby Rudge</i> which have been happily
+termed "two unequalled twin fictions upon one stem." The illustrations
+were drawn on wood by H. K. Browne and George Cattermole, and the former
+created, pictorially, Little Nell, Mrs. Jarley, Quilp, Dick Swiveller,
+the Marchioness, Sally Brass, and her brother Sampson. "Phiz" revelled
+in wild fun in the vignettes relating to the devilries of Mr. Daniel
+Quilp and the humours of Codlin and Short, and of Mrs. Jarley's waxwork
+show. His "Marchioness" was a distinct comic creation; but in the weird
+waterscape, showing the corpse of Quilp washed ashore, he sketched a
+vista of riparian scenery which, in its desolate breadth and loneliness,
+has not since, perhaps, been equalled, save in the amazing suggestive
+Thames etchings of Mr. James Whistler. To be sure, Hablot Browne was
+stimulated to excellence during the continuance of the <i>Old Curiosity
+Shop</i> by the friendly rivalry of the famous water-colour painter, George
+Cattermole, who drew the charming vignettes of the quaint old cottages
+and school-house and church of the village where "Little Nell" died. In
+<i>Barnaby Rudge</i>, however, Hablot Browne had things graphic his own way,
+and again towards the close he manifested genuine tragic power. His
+"Barnaby with the Raven" is lovely in its picturesque grace.[M] When the
+first cheap series of this work was published, plates by H. K. Browne
+were issued, which are now so scarce, that they are often catalogued at
+eight or ten times their original price.</p>
+
+<p>Two years after the visit of Dickens to America in 1842, <i>Martin
+Chuzzlewit</i> was published, the illustrations to which excel in vigour
+all the previous efforts of "Phiz." Here we are brought face to face, in
+a pictorial sense, with the hypocrite, Mr. Pecksniff, the <i>abstemious</i>
+Mrs. Gamp and her bosom friend, Betsy Prig, simple Tom Pinch and his
+charming sister, Ruth. The frontispiece is a most ambitious work, but
+none the less successful, for "Phiz" has represented, in the space of a
+few square inches, all the leading events, humorous and pathetic,
+described in the novel. In the illustration where Mark Tapley is seen
+starting from his native village for London, "Phiz" exhibits his sense
+of the picturesque in the old gables and dormers of the cottages which
+form the background. The plate, "Mr. Pecksniff on his Mission," is full
+of interest, and gives us an insight into the character of Kingsgate
+Street, Holborn, at that time. The female neighbours of Mrs. Gamp, the
+midwife, flock round Pecksniff, commiserating with him on his supposed
+domestic cares, and advising him to "knock at the winder, Sir; knock at
+the winder. Lord bless you, don't lose no more time than you can
+help&mdash;knock at the winder!"</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 550px;">
+<img src="images/i_040.jpg" width="550" height="406" alt="" title="" />
+</div><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[Pg 27]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>But the etching in <i>Chuzzlewit</i> which most strikes the reader as a
+ludicrous conception, is that where "Mrs. Gamp propoges a toast." Here
+he has admirably illustrated the text, wherein is described, with other
+details of a droll character, how some rusty gowns and other articles of
+that lady's wardrobe depended from the bed-posts; and "these had so
+adapted themselves by long usage to her figure, that more than one
+impatient husband, coming in precipitately, at about the time of
+twilight, had been for an instant stricken dumb by the supposed
+discovery that Mrs. Gamp had hanged herself." In the background of the
+picture are represented these indispensable articles of dress, while at
+the table sit, in friendly chat, Mrs. Gamp and Betsy.</p>
+
+<p>"Betsy," said Mrs. Gamp, filling her own glass and passing the tea-pot,
+"I will now propoge a toast. My frequent pardner, Betsy Prig!"</p>
+
+<p>"Which, altering the name to Sairah Gamp; I drink," said Mrs. Prig,
+"with love and tenderness."</p>
+
+<p>In 1846, <i>Dombey and Son</i> commenced, with forty illustrations by "Phiz."
+The frontispiece is similar in design to that of <i>Chuzzlewit</i>,
+introducing the principal characters and events in the novel. The
+austere and pompous (not to say selfish) Mr. Dombey, whom "Phiz" had
+great difficulty in realizing to the author's satisfaction,[N] is
+introduced in many of the plates, although the artist has somewhat
+failed in preserving the same type of face throughout. He has succeeded
+better with the genial Captain Cuttle. Little Paul, as he sits in his
+diminutive arm-chair, contrasts most favourably in his childish
+innocence, with the grim Mrs. Pipchin, whose Ogress-like character is
+strongly marked. The scene in which Mr. Dombey introduces his daughter
+Florence to Mrs. Skewton, is one of the most successful in the book, and
+contains the <i>best</i> type of Dombey. Here also, the face of Florence is
+truly pretty, and the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[Pg 28]</a></span> artist has well portrayed the handsome but
+vindictive Edith denouncing Carker for his treachery. A very effective
+etching entitled, "On the Dark Road," represents the flight of the
+enraged and disappointed libertine. The horses are being urged on their
+mad career by the whip and spurs of a postilion, under the dark sky with
+a glimmer of light in the horizon caused by the rising sun. The artist
+at this time essayed a process of working on plates over which a
+half-tint had been previously laid by means of a ruling-machine, and in
+which the "high-lights" were afterwards "stopped out," and the "whites"
+"burnished out." He frequently availed himself of these ready means of
+producing effect. Full-length portraits of the principal characters in
+<i>Dombey</i>, which were issued as additional plates by "Phiz," are now very
+scarce.</p>
+
+<p><i>David Copperfield</i> (1850), with forty illustrations, was the next
+venture, but was not so much an artistic as a literary success. A
+favourite character in it of course, is Micawber, a kindly caricature of
+the Author's father, the realization of whom, by Browne, obtained the
+hearty approval of Dickens.</p>
+
+<p>The most characteristic and, perhaps, most successful work of "Phiz" is
+to be seen in the illustrations to <i>Bleak House</i>. A view of the "House"
+itself forms the subject of the frontispiece. "The Ghost's Walk," the
+"Drawing-room at Chesney Wold," "Tom All-alone's," and the gateway
+leading to the burial ground where Lady Dedlock has fallen lifeless, are
+instances where the artist has obtained some fine effects by the
+"ruled-plate" process. A writer in <i>The Daily Telegraph</i>, of July 11th,
+1882, speaks somewhat disparagingly of these illustrations, but <i>The
+Academy</i> of a few days later, in the following remarks, thus demurs to
+his criticism:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>"In the <i>Bleak House</i> illustrations hardly anything is wrong; there is
+no shortcoming. Not only is the comic side, the even fussily comic, such
+as 'the young man of the name of Guppy,' understood and rendered well,
+but the dignified beauty of old country-house architecture, or the
+architecture of the chambers of our inns-of-court is conveyed in brief
+touches; and there is apparent everywhere that element of terrible
+suggestiveness which made not only the art of Hablot Browne, but the art
+of Charles Dickens himself, in this story of <i>Bleak House</i>, recall the
+imaginative purpose of the art of M&eacute;ryon. What can be more impressive in
+connection with the story&mdash;nay, even<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[Pg 29]</a></span> independently of the story&mdash;than
+the illustration of Mr. Tulkinghorn's chambers in gloom; than the
+illustration of the staircase at Dedlock's own house, with the placard
+of the reward for the discovery of the murderer; than that of Tom All
+Alone's; the dark, foul darkness of the burial ground shown under scanty
+lamplight, and the special spot where lay the man who 'wos very good to
+me&mdash;he wos!'? And then again, 'the Ghost's Walk,' and once more the
+burial ground, with the woman's body&mdash;Lady Dedlock's&mdash;now close against
+its gate. Of course it would be possible to find fault with these
+things, but they have nothing of the vice of tameness&mdash;they deliver
+their message effectually. It is not their business to be faultless; it
+is their business to impress."</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 650px;">
+<img src="images/i_044.jpg" width="650" height="401" alt="" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>A very successful rendering of character in <i>Bleak House</i> is that of
+Harold Skimpole, whose prototype was Leigh Hunt, an intimate friend of
+the Novelist, who, by his unintentional disregard for the feelings of
+Hunt in caricaturing his peculiarities, nearly severed that friendship.
+Again, there is intense humour in the illustration facetiously styled,
+"In re Guppy, extraordinary proceeding." The love-sick Guppy is seen in
+a kneeling posture, while declaring to Miss Summerson the burning
+passion that consumes him. The expression on the face of the young lady
+shows that she is more amused than flattered by his preference.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[Pg 30]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>In <i>Little Dorrit</i> (1855-7) the experience gained by both Author and
+Artist during their tour of the London prisons, stood them in good
+stead, for here the Marshalsea is fully described, the type of a
+debtor's jail. The first illustration represents the interior of a
+French prison, in which are incarcerated Monsieur Rigaud and Signor John
+Baptist. The effect of deep gloom in the cell is produced by the
+"ruled-plate" method, and is quite Rembrandt-like. In contrast with
+this, the illustration of "The Ferry," is a delightful country aspect,
+with trees and winding river; and another plate entitled "Floating
+away," an evening scene, the moon rising behind the trees, is quite
+romantic. The old house in the last picture but one&mdash;"Damocles,"&mdash;again
+shows Browne's appreciation of the picturesque architecture of bygone
+times, in the effect of light from the setting sun as it falls upon the
+house front, throwing into relief the quaint old carvings of door and
+window.</p>
+
+<p>The last work illustrated by "Phiz" for Dickens was <i>The Tale of Two
+Cities</i> (1859), containing sixteen etchings full of vigour, as the
+character of the story justifies.</p>
+
+<p>For some reason, at this time, a rupture was caused between author and
+artist,[O] which resulted in the engagement of Mr. Marcus Stone and Mr.
+Luke Fildes as illustrators of <i>Our Mutual Friend</i> and <i>Edwin Drood</i>.
+These accomplished painters avoided the old system of caricature, the
+old, forced humour; but it is certain that their designs are less
+intimately associated with the persons in the stories they illustrated
+than those of "Phiz" with the earlier and more popular works of Dickens.</p>
+
+<p>Having devoted the larger portion of the space at our disposal to a
+description of the most famous productions of Browne's pencil, which are
+prominent in the original editions of the Novels of Charles Dickens, we
+can but briefly enumerate the plates he etched for Lever, Ainsworth, and
+others.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 650px;">
+<img src="images/i_046.jpg" width="650" height="357" alt="" title="" />
+</div><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[Pg 31]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>In Charles Lever's <i>Harry Lorrequer</i> (1839) and <i>Charles O'Malley</i>
+(1841), the uproarious mirth and jollity of Irish military life is well
+portrayed by the needle of the artist. "The last night in Trinity" in
+the latter work, is an example of this, wherein is seen the worthy
+Doctor perched on a table, surrounded by a batch of Irish dragoons, and
+being elevated by an explosion of combustibles. The horses in the
+illustrations are admirably drawn.</p>
+
+<p>In <i>Jack Hinton</i> (1842) the artist shows remarkable force in depicting
+the death of Shaun, and has well realized the humour of "Corney's Combat
+with the Cossack."</p>
+
+<p><i>Tom Burke of Ours</i> (1844) contains forty-four illustrations by "Phiz,"
+many of which represent the scenes connected with the battles of
+Austerlitz, &amp;c., during the reign of the great Napoleon. Most especially
+noticeable is the scene in a court of justice, with "Darby in the
+Chair;" the face of that hero with an expression apparently abashed, but
+really full of roguishness, as he gazes at the counsel, is one of the
+most successful of Browne's efforts.</p>
+
+<p><i>The O'Donoghue</i> (1845), has twenty-six illustrations, most of which are
+well conceived. The falling body of a man in the frontispiece is a
+remarkable drawing. The girlish figure of Kate O'Donoghue, as she bends
+over the form of her heart-broken brother Herbert, is well depicted.</p>
+
+<p><i>St. Patrick's Eve</i> (1845), with four etchings and several woodcuts. The
+most remarkable of the former is "The Cholera Hut."</p>
+
+<p><i>The Knight of Gwynne</i> (1847), with forty illustrations.</p>
+
+<p><i>Roland Cashel</i> (1850), with forty illustrations.</p>
+
+<p><i>The Daltons</i> (1852), with forty-eight illustrations.</p>
+
+<p><i>The Dodd Family Abroad</i> (1854), with forty illustrations. The shrewd
+simplicity of Kenny Dodd is well delineated.</p>
+
+<p><i>The Martins of Cro' Martin</i> (1856), with forty illustrations.</p>
+
+<p><i>Davenport Dunn</i> (1859), with forty-four illustrations.</p>
+
+<p><i>One of Them</i> (1861), with thirty illustrations.</p>
+
+<p><i>Barrington</i> (1863), with twenty-six illustrations.</p>
+
+<p><i>Luttrell of Arran</i> (1865), with thirty-two illustrations.</p>
+
+<p>The following works of W. Harrison Ainsworth contain etchings and
+woodcuts by "Phiz:"&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><i>Revelations of London</i>, published about 1845, but never completed, has
+an illustration which represents a tumble-down house in Vauxhall Road,
+which is almost Rembrandt-like in its power. The artist was about thirty
+years of age when he executed this.</p>
+
+<p><i>Old St. Paul's</i> (1847), contains only two plates by "Phiz," but <i>The
+Spendthrift</i> (1857), <i>Mervyn Clitheroe</i>, and <i>Crichton</i> were wholly
+illustrated by him.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[Pg 32]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h3><span class="smcap">Some Miscellaneous Works Illustrated by "Phiz."</span></h3>
+
+<p><i>A Paper: of Tobacco, &amp;c., by Joseph Fume</i> (1839). With six plates by
+"Phiz." <i>Fiddle Faddle's Sentimental Tour, in search of the Amusing,
+Picturesque, and Agreeable</i> (1845). <i>The Union Magazine.</i> Vol. I (1846).
+Containing three plates by "Phiz." <i>The Illuminated Magazine.</i> Conducted
+by Douglas Jerrold (1843-5), with woodcut illustrations by Leech, "Phiz"
+(H. K. Browne), and others. <i>Fanny, the little Milliner, or the Rich and
+the Poor</i> (1846), illustrated by "Phiz" and Onwhyn. <i>Wits and Beaux of
+Society. Sketches of Cantabs, by John Smith (of Smith Hall), Gent.</i>
+(1850). <i>The Cambridge Freshman.</i> With woodcut illustrations. <i>Paved
+with Gold, or Romance and Reality of the London Streets</i>, by Augustus
+Mayhew (1858). <i>A Medical, Moral, and Christian Dissection of
+Teetotalism by Democritus</i> (1846). <i>New Sporting Magazine</i> (1839). <i>The
+Pottleton Legacy</i>, by Albert Smith. <i>Christmas Day, and how it was spent
+by four persons in the house of Fograss, Fograss, Mowton, and Snorton,
+bankers</i>, by C. Le Ros (1854). <i>Home Pictures</i> (Durtin &amp; Co., 1856). A
+series of seven charming and characteristic plates. <i>Dame Perkins and
+her Grey Mare, or the Mount for Market</i>, by L. Meadows (1866). With
+coloured illustrations. <i>H. B.'s Schoolboy Days.</i> <i>Illustrations of the
+Five Senses.</i> <i>Adventures of Sir Guy de Guy</i>, by George Halse. <i>The
+Baddington Peerage</i>, by G. A. Sala (published in <i>The Illustrated
+Times</i>). In addition to these may be added an illustrated edition of
+Byron's works, the "Abbotsford" edition of Sir Walter Scott's Novels,
+besides numerous cuts in <i>The Sporting Gazette</i>, <i>The Illustrated
+Times</i>, the early volumes of <i>Once a Week</i>, and the Comic Papers.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 350px;">
+<img src="images/i_049.jpg" width="350" height="291" alt="(Some Signatures adopted by H. K. Browne.)" title="" />
+<span class="caption">(Some Signatures adopted by H. K. Browne.)</span>
+</div>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<h3>BELCARO: being Essays on Sundry &AElig;sthetical Questions.</h3>
+
+<p>By <span class="smcap">Vernon Lee</span>, author of the "Studies of the Eighteenth Century in
+Italy." 8vo. price 8<i>s.</i></p>
+
+<p>"There is much in this thoroughly original and delightful book which
+reminds us of the essays of the eighteenth century.... It is rare indeed
+to find so much thought conveyed in so easy a style&mdash;to find a writer
+who not only has so much that is fresh to say, but has so fresh a way of
+saying it.... This way of conveying ideas is very fascinating.... From
+first to last there is a continuous and delightful stimulation of
+thought. The book will lead to conversation, dreaming, speculation, and
+all kinds of pleasant and healthy mental exercise; and it is
+interspersed with such perfect little sketches of scenery, and passages
+of so much eloquence, that it is a literary treat to read
+it."&mdash;<i>Academy.</i></p>
+
+<p>"Clever and expressive, subtle and brilliant.... We could say a good
+deal more about this book as the product of a remarkably acute critical
+mind; it would bear to be read a second time, and would be found to
+repay the trouble."&mdash;<i>Athen&aelig;um.</i></p>
+
+<p>"Splendid essays on art.... We do not know why the writing reminds us of
+George Sand, but it does.... Vernon Lee writes prose harmonies which are
+finely composed."&mdash;<i>Vanity Fair.</i></p>
+
+
+<h3>THE SEALS AND ARMORIAL INSIGNIA OF THE UNIVERSITY AND COLLEGES OF
+CAMBRIDGE.</h3>
+
+<p>Part I. Post 4to., 3<i>s.</i> Relating to the University. Contains
+Chromo-lithograph and <i>eight engravings</i> of Seals.</p>
+
+<p><i>Imp. 16mo., elegant cover, gilt. Price 3s (Postage 4d).</i></p>
+
+
+<h3>TUSCAN FAIRY TALES. Taken down from the Mouths of the People. With
+sixteen illustrations, engraved by <span class="smcap">Edmund Evans</span>.</h3>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">Contents</span>:&mdash;The Little Convent of Cats; The Fairies' Sieve; The Three
+Golden Apples; The Woman of Paste; The Beautiful Glutton; The King of
+Portugal's Cowherd; The Three Cauliflowers; The Siren; The Glass Coffin;
+Leonbruno.</p>
+
+<p>"Sumptuously printed and prettily bound."&mdash;<i>Athen&aelig;um.</i></p>
+
+<p>"A thoroughly delightful book. The comparative mythologist and the child
+will alike find something to gratify their very different
+tastes."&mdash;<i>Westminster Review.</i></p>
+
+<p>"The work will delight the little ones as well as interest the student.
+The book is charmingly got up and illustrated."&mdash;<i>London Review.</i></p>
+
+<p><i>New Poems. Crown 8vo. Ten fine Plates, cloth, price 6s.</i></p>
+
+
+<h3>GODS, SAINTS, AND MEN. By <span class="smcap">Eugene Lee-Hamilton</span>.</h3>
+
+<p>"Readers will find him, as before, a Browning without his
+obscurity."&mdash;<i>Graphic.</i></p>
+
+<p>"Quaint, medi&aelig;val legends and traditions, most of which have a strong
+savour of the supernatural, in strong, tuneful and artistic
+verse."&mdash;<i>Scotsman.</i></p>
+
+<p><i>Crown 8vo., price 1s, cloth 2s.</i></p>
+
+
+<h3>ON THE ART OF GARDENING: A plea for English Gardens of the future, with
+practical hints for planting them By <span class="smcap">Mrs. J. Francis Foster</span>.</h3>
+
+<p>"In this pleasant and original little book the authoress not only enters
+a vigorous protest against the bedding-out system and the so-called
+'natural' style of gardening, but gives very good practical advice for
+gardens of a different sort."&mdash;<i>Gardener's Chronicle.</i></p>
+
+<p>"This little book proceeds from a true lover of flowers and
+will be welcome to all who take an interest in their care and
+culture."&mdash;<i>Civilian.</i></p>
+
+<p>"A pleasant and unpretending little volume."&mdash;<i>Saturday Review.</i></p>
+
+
+<p>LONDON: W. SATCHELL &amp; Co., 19, TAVISTOCK ST., COVENT GARDEN</p>
+
+
+<h4><i>Price</i> 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>,</h4>
+
+<h3>THE BOOK OF ODDITIES, AND PUNISHMENTS IN THE OLDEN TIME.</h3>
+
+<h4>BY WILLIAM ANDREWS, F.R.H.S.</h4>
+
+<p>With numerous Illustrations BY GEORGE CRUIKSHANK, CROWQUILL, CUTHBERT
+BEDE, AND OTHERS.</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Contents:</span>&mdash;Revivals after Execution&mdash;A Human
+Pincushion&mdash;Female Jockeys&mdash;A Blind Road-maker&mdash;Odd
+Showers&mdash;Singular Funerals&mdash;Whimsical Wills&mdash;Curious
+Epitaphs&mdash;People and Steeple
+Rhymes&mdash;Dog-Whippers&mdash;Sluggard-Wakers&mdash;Playing at Cards for
+a Town, &amp;c. &amp;c.</p></div>
+
+<p>"A capitally-written book, containing a vast amount of curious and
+out-of-the-way information. Mr. Andrews is never for a moment dull, but
+gives forth his antiquarian gossip with all the enthusiasm and point of
+a practised <i>raconteur</i>. <i>He tells us all about the ducking-stool, the
+brank, the pillory, the stocks, the drunkard's cloak, the whipping-post,
+riding the stang, and other forms of punishment.</i> The book is copiously
+illustrated and well indexed, and cannot fail to be popular."&mdash;<i>Sunday
+Times.</i></p>
+
+<p class="center">LONDON: W. SATCHELL AND CO., 19, TAVISTOCK STREET, COVENT GARDEN.</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of 'Phiz' (Hablot Knight Browne), a
+Memoir., by Fred. G. Kitton
+
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+</pre>
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+</body>
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of 'Phiz' (Hablot Knight Browne), a Memoir., by
+Fred. G. Kitton
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: 'Phiz' (Hablot Knight Browne), a Memoir.
+
+Author: Fred. G. Kitton
+
+Release Date: September 14, 2010 [EBook #33723]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 'PHIZ' (HABLOT KNIGHT BROWNE) ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Chris Curnow, Josephine Paolucci and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net. (This
+file was produced from images generously made available
+by The Internet Archive.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+"PHIZ"
+
+(H. K. BROWNE)
+
+A Memoir.
+
+
+_From PUNCH, July 22nd, 1882._
+
+"Phiz."
+
+HABLOT K. BROWNE, ARTIST. BORN, 1815. DIED, JULY, 1882.
+
+    The Lamp is out that lighted up the text
+      Of DICKENS, LEVER--heroes of the pen.
+    _Pickwick_ and _Lorrequer_ we love, but next
+      We place the man who made us see such men.
+    What should we know of _Martin Chuzzlewit_,
+      Stern _Mr. Dombey_, or _Uriah Heep_?
+    _Tom Burke of Ours?_--Around our hearths they sit,
+      Outliving their creators--all asleep!
+
+          No sweeter gift ere fell to man than his
+          Who gave us troops of friends--delightful PHIZ!
+
+    He is not dead! There in the picture-book
+      He lives with men and women that he drew;
+    We take him with us to the cozy nook
+      Where old companions we can love anew.
+    Dear boyhood's friend! We rode with him to hounds;
+      Lived with dear _Peggotty_ in after years;
+    Missed in old Ireland where fun knew no bounds;
+      At _Dora's_ death we felt poor _David's_ tears!
+
+          There is no death for such a man--he is
+          The spirit of an unclosed book! immortal PHIZ!
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+"PHIZ"
+
+(HABLOT KNIGHT BROWNE)
+
+A Memoir.
+
+INCLUDING
+
+_A Selection from his Correspondence and Notes on his Principal Works._
+
+BY
+
+FRED. G. KITTON.
+
+WITH A PORTRAIT, AND NUMEROUS ILLUSTRATIONS.
+
+LONDON:
+W. SATCHELL & CO.,
+19, TAVISTOCK STREET COVENT GARDEN.
+
+MDCCCLXXXII.
+
+
+LONDON:
+G. NORMAN AND SON, PRINTERS, HART STREET,
+COVENT GARDEN.
+
+
+
+
+PREFACE.
+
+
+Taking into consideration the ability of the Artist whose name has
+become identified with the works of DICKENS, of LEVER, and of AINSWORTH;
+and who has contributed in the course of the present century more
+largely (perhaps with the single exception of CRUIKSHANK) to the
+embellishment of popular books than any other known illustrator; it
+would seem an inexcusable omission, almost amounting to neglect, if the
+life and labours of the late HABLOT KNIGHT BROWNE met with no more
+worthy recognition than the fleeting comments of the daily press.
+
+Such, at least, is my opinion; and as a humble tribute to the memory of
+an able and industrious draughtsman, and fertile designer, I place on
+record the more generally interesting particulars of an honourable and
+exemplary career.
+
+To Mr. W. G. BROWNE and Dr. EDGAR BROWNE, sons of the deceased artist,
+my best thanks are due for a kindly interest in my work, manifested more
+especially by the loan of many interesting letters dashed off on various
+occasions by "Phiz" in the wildest spirit of fun; and a willing consent
+to their appearance in print.
+
+I have also to acknowledge the courtesy of Messrs. H. SOTHERAN & CO.,
+for permission to copy for publication a few letters written by "Phiz"
+to CHARLES DICKENS, which are now published for the first time. For the
+Portrait (copied from a photograph, perhaps the best of the very few now
+in existence) I am indebted to the Proprietors of _The Graphic_.
+
+And lastly, the Author desires to associate with this brochure the name
+of his friend, Mr. GEORGE REDWAY, who has rendered much valuable
+assistance in bringing it before the public.
+
+FRED. G. KITTON.
+
+25, PAULTONS SQUARE,
+CHELSEA, S.W.
+
+_August, 1882_.
+
+
+
+
+LIST OF PLATES.
+
+
+Portrait of "Phiz" (H. K. Browne)               FRONTISPIECE
+
+The Departure                                To face page  8
+
+Artist's "Fancies for Mr. Dombey"                    "    11
+
+Sam Weller and his Father                            "    14
+
+Tail-piece to _Barnaby Rudge_                        "    16
+
+Dick Swiveller and the Lodger                        "    20
+
+Death of Quilp                                       "    26
+
+The Rioters                                          "    30
+
+NOTE.--With the exception of the Portrait, and the "Dombey fancies," the
+above engravings are printed from electro-types of the original blocks,
+which were first published in _Master Humphrey's Clock_ (1840-1).
+
+
+
+
+"PHIZ" (H. K. BROWNE) A MEMOIR.
+
+
+"Fizz, Whizz, or something of that sort," humorous TOM HOOD would say,
+when trying to recall the pseudonym that has since become so familiar by
+means of the innumerable works of art to which it was appended. At the
+time HABLOT[A] KNIGHT BROWNE first used this quaint _soubriquet_, it was
+customary to look upon book-illustrators as second, or even third-rate
+artists--mere hacks in fact; and for this reason they usually suppressed
+their real names, in order to give themselves the opportunity of earning
+the title of _artist_, when producing more ambitious results as
+painters. Occasionally, whether by accident or design, the subject of
+this memoir would affix his real name to his illustrations; and the
+public were consequently under the impression that the two signatures
+were those of different artists, and were even wont to remark that
+"_Browne's work was better than that of 'Phiz!_'"
+
+It is not, perhaps, generally known that the artist's first _nom de
+crayon_ was "NEMO," which to some extent bears out the above statement
+that a book-illustrator was considered a "nobody." Mr. BROWNE himself,
+in referring to the _Pickwick Papers_, gave the following
+explanation:--"I think I signed myself as 'NEMO' to my first etchings
+(those of No. 4) before adopting 'Phiz' as my _soubriquet_, to
+harmonize--I suppose--better with Dickens' 'Boz.'" It is only on the
+earliest printed plates in some copies of the _Pickwick Papers_ that the
+signature of "NEMO" can be faintly traced.
+
+HABLOT KNIGHT BROWNE, son of William Loder Browne, a descendant from a
+Norfolk family, was born on the 12th of July, 1815, at Kennington,
+London. He was educated at a private school in Norfolk, and from an
+early age evinced a taste for drawing, which, being recognized by his
+relatives, induced them to apprentice him to FINDEN, the well-known
+line-engraver. An anecdote is told of him during his apprenticeship
+which will bear repetition. Finding BROWNE very painstaking and
+conscientious, his master usually sent him with engraved plates to the
+printer, in order that he might superintend the operation of
+proof-taking. As printers usually take their own time over such matters,
+the youth found that this waiting the pressman's pleasure tried his
+patience too much. It therefore occurred to him that to spend the
+interval in the British Museum, hard by, would be much more suited to
+his tastes. On his returning with the proofs, FINDEN would praise the
+boy's diligence, little thinking what trick had been practised on him.
+
+Line-engraving, however, did not find much favour with the future
+"Phiz," the process being too tedious; for FINDEN would probably occupy
+some weeks to produce a small plate, which by the quicker process of
+etching, could have been executed in as many hours. He accordingly
+suspended operations in that quarter, and, in conjunction with a young
+kindred spirit, hired a small attic, and employed his time in the more
+fascinating pursuit of water-colour drawing, which he continued to
+follow with remarkable assiduity until a few days before his death.
+
+These juvenile disciples of the brush then worked hard at drawing in
+colour. BROWNE paid his share of the rent in drawings, which he produced
+rapidly; indeed, there was a solemn compact between the co-workers to
+"do three a day"--they subsisting, meanwhile, on the simplest fare. At
+this time he attended the evening class at the "Life" School in St.
+Martin's Lane, and was a fellow-pupil with ETTY, the famous painter of
+the "nude." It was BROWNE'S great delight to watch this talented student
+at work, and he considerably neglected his own studies in consequence.
+
+At the age of seventeen, or thereabouts, he succeeded in gaining a medal
+offered for competition by the Society of Arts for the best
+representation of an historical subject; and was again fortunate in
+obtaining a prize, from the same Society, for a large etching of "John
+Gilpin." Mr. GEORGE AUGUSTUS SALA, himself an artist of no small
+ability, remembers to have seen, in a shop-window in Wardour Street, a
+certain print by a young man named HABLOT BROWNE, representing the
+involuntary flight of John Gilpin, scattering the pigs and poultry in
+his never-to-be-forgotten ride.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+By the time he had attained his twentieth year he had acquired
+considerable facility with the pencil. CHARLES DICKENS, but three years
+his senior, and with whom the name of "Phiz" is inseparably connected,
+had just then made a wonderful reputation by his "Sketches," which first
+appeared, at intervals, during 1834-5, and were afterwards published in
+book form, illustrated by the renowned GEORGE CRUIKSHANK.
+
+In 1836, there appeared in print a pamphlet of some forty or fifty
+pages, entitled _Sunday under Three Heads--As it is; as Sabbath Bills
+would make it; as it might be made_; "By Timothy Sparks; illustrated by
+H. K. B.;" and dedicated to the Bishop of London. The author was CHARLES
+DICKENS, whose satire was levelled at Sir Andrew Agnew and the extreme
+Sabbatarian party, and had immediate reference to a bill "for the better
+observance of the Sabbath," which the House of Commons had recently
+thrown out by a small majority. The illustrations in this little work
+were drawn by HABLOT BROWNE, and are very choice examples of
+wood-engraving of the school that existed half a century ago. Its
+original price was one shilling, but having become very scarce, it is
+now worth more than its weight in gold.
+
+These early productions of BROWNE'S pencil at once introduced him to
+public notice, and DICKENS showed his appreciation of their excellence
+by selecting him as the illustrator of the _Pickwick Papers_, which
+appeared during the early part of that year. It is well known to the
+readers of Forster's _Life of Dickens_, that the idea of "Pickwick" was
+suggested to the author by ROBERT SEYMOUR, whose tastes induced him to
+etch a few plates of sporting subjects to which DICKENS was to supply
+the text. Thus commenced that immortal work known as _The Posthumous
+Papers of the Pickwick Club_. SEYMOUR produced seven illustrations, when
+he committed suicide, which obliged the publishers to make arrangements
+with another artist. R. W. BUSS[B] succeeded SEYMOUR, and etched two
+plates, which DICKENS, who had by this time assumed the control of the
+work, thought so unsatisfactory (as indeed they were), that he declined
+his further services. Here a fresh opening was created, and WILLIAM
+MAKEPEACE THACKERAY competed with HABLOT KNIGHT BROWNE for the post;
+both submitting to DICKENS' inspection some specimens of their work.
+
+The choice fell upon "Phiz," the artist whose ability has so admirably
+proved the wisdom of the selection; and THACKERAY thereupon determined
+to adopt another profession, with what happy results let _Esmond_
+testify. Who could say whether _Vanity Fair_ would ever have been
+written had this mighty penman been chosen to succeed BUSS? It is
+curious to note THACKERAY'S great anxiety to become an artist; he even
+went abroad to study, but SALA tells us that "Mr. THACKERAY drew,
+perhaps, rather worse than he had done before beginning his continental
+studies, although at that time he actually supplied a series of etchings
+to illustrate DOUGLAS JERROLD'S _Men of Character_, which were prodigies
+of badness."
+
+When "Phiz" had been selected as the illustrator of the _Pickwick
+Papers_, his generous rival was the first to tell him the good news, and
+offer his congratulations.
+
+"Phiz" may now be said to have fairly commenced his career as a
+book-illustrator. His sense of humour corresponded so exactly with that
+of DICKENS, that a mere suggestion enabled him to vividly represent the
+scenes described by the author. It has been remarked (and truly) that in
+many cases the plates do not correspond with the text; but this can be
+accounted for. DICKENS, then an enthusiastic young author, and somewhat
+impetuous in his demands for drawings, would arrive unexpectedly at
+BROWNE'S studio, hurriedly read a few pages of manuscript, and
+exclaiming, "Now, I want you to illustrate that," would take an abrupt
+departure, carrying the manuscript off with him. As soon as the artist
+could collect his faculties, he would try to recall the scene so hastily
+described, and endeavour to put it on paper. DICKENS himself, in his
+preface to the _Pickwick Papers_, gives a similar explanation, viz.--"It
+is due to the gentleman, whose designs accompany the letterpress, to
+state that the interval has been so short between the production of each
+number in manuscript and its appearance in print, that the greater
+portion of the illustrations have been executed by the artist from the
+author's verbal description of what he intended to write." It is
+therefore not surprising that a few errors, in such details as the
+number of boys in a procession,[C] or the dress of an individual, should
+occur.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Of DICKENS' Novels, _Martin Chuzzlewit_ contains, perhaps, our etcher's
+most vigorous productions, but the small woodcut illustrations in
+_Master Humphrey's Clock_ are very praiseworthy, and without doubt
+conduced greatly to the popularity of the book.
+
+The illustrations in the _Pickwick Papers_ are on the whole inferior to
+many which "Phiz" subsequently executed. But an exception must be made
+in favour of the artist's realization of the character of Sam Weller,
+than which, even SEYMOUR'S happy invention of Mr. Pickwick did not more
+effectually ensure the popularity of DICKENS' comic epic and give it a
+"deathless date."
+
+The extraordinary demand for copies of the _Pickwick Papers_
+necessitated a re-etching of the copper-plates, which, owing to friction
+caused by the printer's hand, had become very much worn. This
+reproduction will account for any slight difference in the details of
+the illustrations; for the repetition of subjects once etched, was a
+task by no means congenial to the artist; and this no doubt induced him
+to say, some years afterwards, in a letter to one of his sons, "O! I'm
+a' weary, I'm a' weary of this illustrating business."
+
+Artists frequently experience great difficulty in realizing, to the
+author's satisfaction, the description of scenes and characters. An
+illustration is here given showing BROWNE'S various "fancies for Mr.
+Dombey," all of which failed to please DICKENS, who also expressed his
+disapprobation of this artist's treatment of another subject in _Dombey
+and Son_. "I am really distressed," writes he, "by the illustration of
+Mrs. Pipchin and Paul. It is so frightfully and wildly wide of the mark.
+Good Heaven! in the commonest and most literal construction of the text,
+it is all wrong. She is described as an old lady, and Paul's 'miniature
+arm-chair' is mentioned more than once. He ought to be sitting in a
+little arm-chair down in the corner of the fire-place, staring up at
+her. I can't say what pain and vexation it is to be so utterly
+misrepresented. I would cheerfully have given a hundred pounds to have
+kept this illustration out of the book. He never could have got that
+idea of Mrs. Pipchin if he had attended to the text. Indeed, I think he
+does better without the text; for then the notion is made easy to him in
+short description, and he can't help taking it in."
+
+As the tale proceeded, the artist more than compensated for his
+unsuccessful rendering of this incident; and with "Micawber," in _David
+Copperfield_, he obtained the author's entire approbation, who says,
+"Browne has sketched an uncommonly characteristic and capital Mr.
+Micawber for the next number." Again, with reference to an illustration
+in _Bleak House_, "Browne has done Skimpole, and helped to make him
+singularly unlike the great original."[D]
+
+Of the private life of "Phiz" little is known. His extreme nervousness
+and dislike to publicity was often misconstrued as pride; and DICKENS
+even had considerable difficulty in occasionally persuading him to meet
+a few friends and spend a pleasant evening. When he did accept such
+invitations, he invariably tried to seclude himself in a corner of the
+room, or behind a curtain. His desire for a quiet, unobtrusive life,
+induced him to pass most of his time in country retirement, all business
+matters in town being transacted by an intimate friend.[E] Authors or
+publishers wishing to have a personal interview with "Phiz" were
+compelled to visit him at his residence, a few miles from town, and many
+were the _contretemps_ on dark nights as they crossed a bleak moor to
+reach their destination. His sons looked forward to the time when
+visitors were expected, in order to hear the stories of wild adventure
+which generally befell them, and to laugh at their discomfiture.
+
+"Phiz" had been from his boyhood accustomed to horses, and frequently
+hunted with the Surrey hounds. To this circumstance is due the extreme
+facility with which he delineated the horse in action in the hunting
+field and elsewhere. At one time he contributed sketches to _The
+Sporting Gazette_. This industrious artist was never known to take a
+lengthened holiday, but occasionally spent a few days at the seaside,
+where, no doubt, his pencil was fully employed. A letter, written while
+staying at Margate, to his son Mr. Walter G. Browne (whom, for some
+unknown reason he styled "Doctor"), shows his innate sense of humour.
+
+     _Tuesday, June 19_, 6A, CRESCENT PLACE, MARGATE.
+
+     MY DEAR DR.,
+
+     "I haave [Transcriber's note: haave has two macrons over the
+     a's to denote a very long a is the correct pronunciation]
+     my W. C. White:[F]--but I have no white _collars_--and
+     as I am swelling it about without a necktie--mine having
+     mysteriously disappeared, left behind in a bath
+     probably--perhaps it would be coming it too strong
+     to appear without collars also, and it is hardly warm enough
+     for it either. Your P.O. is from the Miscellany--to H. K.
+     Browne--from Mr. Barrett--Xtian name unknown--and no matter.
+     Any blocks that come, forward on. Send me a * * * * * *
+     before I return. I did some very good shades myself--of
+     myself--unconsciously--yesterday evening. The baths run
+     along one side of the High Street, flush with the
+     pavement--and I found when I had nearly finished my toilet
+     that the gas-burner was so ingeniously placed, that it was
+     impossible for any bather to avoid casting gigantic studies
+     of the nude upon the window blind.--This sort of thing.--"
+
+[Illustration]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+[Here follow several other sketches of the bather in various attitudes].
+
+His appreciation of fun is thus referred to by DICKENS in a letter to
+Mrs. Dickens, dating from the Lion Hotel, Shrewsbury. "Thursday, Nov.
+1st, 1838.--We were at the play last night. It was a bespeak--'The Love
+Chase,' a ballet (with a phenomenon!), divers songs, and 'A Roland for
+an Oliver.' It is a good theatre, but the actors are very funny. Browne
+laughed with such indecent heartiness at one point of the entertainment,
+that an old gentleman in the next box suffered the most violent
+indignation."
+
+In 1837, "Phiz" accompanied DICKENS to Flanders, for a ten days' summer
+holiday; and in 1838 they went to Yorkshire, a journey which resulted in
+the production of _Nicholas Nickleby_.
+
+The following year he made one of a party of four, and visited, with
+DICKENS, MACREADY and FORSTER, nearly all the London prisons. These
+joint tours of Author and Artist could not fail to assist the
+realization of the scenes they intended to depict.
+
+It is an interesting fact in connection with the career of "Phiz," that
+he would never agree to draw from the living model,--all his
+representations of moving crowds, and the various types of humanity,
+which his etchings exhibit, being drawn from recollection. He would
+sometimes make a few jottings in pencil--mere memoranda--when anything
+struck him as being worthy of reproduction, but beyond that he depended
+on his excellent memory. For example, he would go to Epsom on the Derby
+Day without taking a pencil even, and, on returning home, would draw to
+the life exact portraits of any conspicuous or eccentric character he
+had seen on the course.
+
+As previously stated, BROWNE was extremely fond of water-colour drawing,
+and executed some thousands during his life; not unfrequently a day's
+work would be represented by three or four of these productions. They
+were not caricatures, as one might suppose, but rural scenes _a la
+Watteau_, and allegorical subjects. This fact controverts the statement
+made in a daily paper, that "unfortunately, without a text to
+illustrate, 'Phiz' never had half-a-dozen ideas in his head" (!). For
+many years he was a constant contributor of pictures--figure subjects of
+a humorous and dramatic character--to the Exhibitions of the British
+Institution, and of the Society of British Artists. Among his more
+ambitious efforts was a cartoon of considerable dimensions, representing
+"A Foraging Party of Caesar's Forces surprised by the Britons," which
+appeared as No. 65 at the Westminster Hall Exhibition of 1843. This,
+notwithstanding the "scratchy" manner of its execution, displayed
+remarkable skill and abundant energy of design. At the same gathering
+another cartoon was attributed to him, of which the energy bordered on
+caricature; it was named, "Henry II defied by a Welsh Mountaineer."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+At one time "Phiz" received an extraordinary commission to reproduce in
+water-colour all his illustrations to the Novels of DICKENS. The Artist
+reminded his patron of the magnitude of the undertaking, but the request
+was persisted in, and the work duly executed.
+
+His love of bracing air induced him to pay frequent visits to the
+seaside; but on one occasion he lodged in a house not remarkable for its
+odoriferous nature; and, in order to produce a current of fresh air in
+his bed-room, he opened door and window, and slept in the draught caused
+thereby. For many years before his death, he suffered from incipient
+paralysis, the result, no doubt, of this incautious act, and to which
+may be attributed his disappearance from the art world some fifteen
+years ago.
+
+"Phiz," notwithstanding his crippled condition, still worked hard with
+admirable perseverance, though his difficulties were increased by an
+injury to his thumb, which compelled him to hold his pencil between the
+middle and fore fingers. His friends endeavoured to persuade him to draw
+his pictures on a larger scale, in order that they might be photographed
+to the required dimensions, but, with one or two exceptions, he refused
+to act on this suggestion. He gradually lost that facility which
+characterized his work, and latterly yielded to proposals to illustrate
+boys' literature of a rather low class.
+
+The time is past, no doubt, which encouraged the method of
+book-illustration adopted by "Phiz." It has given place to
+wood-engraving, and multifarious phototypic processes, that, perhaps,
+are commercially preferable, but from an artistic standpoint much
+inferior. We must, however, except the wonderful results some
+wood-engravers have produced from time to time, which etchers, even,
+cannot hope to excel.
+
+Dr. Edgar Browne describes his father's indifference to the value of his
+work, or the time and labour bestowed upon it:--"He never understood the
+art of husbanding or developing his powers,--he never set to work to
+learn any technical process; when he had a little leisure from
+'illustration' work, he used to start a picture 'to get his hand
+in'--generally taking some unimportant or trivial subject for this
+purpose. His facility of hand both in large and minute work was
+something marvellous. At one time, he produced a very remarkable series
+of sketches in chalk made during a tour in Ireland. They are scattered
+now, but are as fine as anything he did, and are certainly the best
+records of a people who have practically vanished. He was astonishingly
+careless about his work. Hundreds of original designs were thrown into
+the waste-paper basket; apart from their local interest similar sketches
+have found willing purchasers of late years."
+
+Like many other artists whose pecuniary reward had not been commensurate
+with their ability,[G] he became the recipient of a pension. The kind
+instrumentality of a few Royal Academicians obtained for him an annual
+grant which had been previously enjoyed by the late GEORGE CRUIKSHANK.
+
+On the 8th of July, 1882, the death occurred of the famous "Phiz." At
+the quiet village of Hove, near Brighton, where the last few years of
+his life were spent, he succumbed in his sixty-seventh year to infirmity
+rather than old age. Almost forgotten as a man, his productions have
+remained in our memories, and will continue to do so as long as the
+works of DICKENS and LEVER are read and appreciated. His remains were
+interred at the extra-mural Cemetery, Brighton. The funeral was private,
+the only mourners present being the four sons of the deceased, Dr.
+Ambler, Mr. George Halse,[H] and Mr. Robert Harrison.
+
+As admirers of his artistic ability we place this Memoir as a wreath
+upon his grave.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+CORRESPONDENCE.
+
+The following letters were addressed by the artist-humorist to his son,
+Mr. Walter Gr. Browne:--
+
+
+      BLENHEIM CRESCENT, _Sept., Saturday, 3 o'clk._ P.M., A.D.
+     _1867_.
+
+     _My Dear Dr._,
+
+     I have nearly bursted my heart out, and proved, that my soul
+     or soles (I have two) is'nt--or an't--immortal,--by wearing
+     on 'em out running to and fro after yr.
+     _Balmorals_--Bootless errands! The wretched slave (of awl)
+     has but just brought them! I bristle with wrath! and could
+     welt him!--but--no--I won't--he may want his calf's skin
+     whole, to mend his own _Bad-morals_!!
+
+            *       *       *       *       *
+
+     I rush! I fly! to the Gt. W. R. Station!----!!!!
+
+     [Illustration]
+
+     I sink--breathless into the arms of the astounded
+     clerk--point to the boots----
+
+     _My-mouth_ faintly whispers "_Wey-mouth_ in his pen-adorned
+     _Ear_!!" and--and--"Bless me! where am _I_?"--and, and--I
+     wish--you may get 'em!
+
+            *       *       *       *       *
+
+     If you visit Portland again, make a note of any
+     peculiarities of spot--convict dress, &c.--as I have a
+     touching bit of horse-y sentiment (!) connected therewith,
+     which will do for _Spg. Gazette_.--I should think you ought
+     to find painty bits--within walking distance--say--right or
+     left ten miles?
+
+            *       *       *       *       *
+
+     Yrs. affecty.,
+
+     DAD.
+
+     _Sunday._
+
+     Really, my dear Walter, I thought you _did_ know better than
+     to disturb my devotional frame of mind on this blessed
+     Sabbath morn by forwarding me such a thoroughly worldly and
+     evil-thought-producing thing as a wretched milliner's
+     bill!!!--The wretch must wait--he gorged L5 not long before
+     I left home.--The greediness of some men!!
+
+     The Pic. Gall. circular I return--as you may like to enquire
+     about it--the doz. others, "cheap bacon"--"patent teeth and
+     everlasting gums," &c., &c., &c., &c., &c. I shall manure
+     the grounds of Colyton with ----.
+
+     I think you might get some background material for coast
+     scenes down here.
+
+     Yr. affec. Dad,
+
+     H. K. B.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+     69, BLENHEIM CRESCENT, NOTTING-HILL, _Saturday_.
+
+     MY DEAR DOCTOR,
+
+     I send the Tenpounder, may it reach you in safety!
+
+     The Commander has returned. I sent you a paper containing
+     the important news, which, however, may _not_ have reached
+     you, although I don't think it contained any remarks upon
+     the "Hemperors personal appearance," &c., &c., &c.
+
+     Tom is in the bosom of the family for a few days.--His Pipe
+     is tuned differently now to what it used to was, for he now
+     declareth that St. John's is "a jolly school!" He seems to
+     get on very well indeed, and has brought home what Dr. Lowe
+     calls a "well-earned prize."
+
+     He laments daily over the supposed loss of 4_d_ invested in
+     a letter to you--from school--as it was directed, he
+     says,--21, Rue _Mussel wine_--I express doubts of its having
+     reached you--and he groans aloud over the Bull's eyes it
+     _would_ have bought!----
+
+     I am (at _present_) _on_ a Sporting Paper--supported by some
+     high and mighty Turf Nobs, but, I fear, like everything I
+     have to do with, now-a-days, it will collapse--for--some of
+     the Proprietors of the Paper are also Shareholders, &c.,
+     &c., in the Graphotype Co., so they want to work the two
+     together.--I hate the process--it takes quite four times as
+     long as wood--and I cannot draw and express myself with a
+     nasty little finiking brush, and the result when printed
+     seems to alternate between something all as black as my
+     hat--or as hazy and faint as a worn-out plate.--If on wood,
+     I should like it well enough--as it is--it spoils 4 days a
+     week--leaving little time for anything else. O! I'm a'weary,
+     I'm a'weary! of this illustration business.----
+
+     Tom is just off to the R.A., as it is not likely I shall go
+     much before it's close. I will get him to write you a
+     critical description of all the wonderful works in Turps,
+     Varnish, and "Hile."
+
+     Yr. affectionate Dad,
+
+     H. K. B.
+
+     _Monday Morning, 25 m. 40 s. p. 11_ A.M.
+
+     MY DEAR WALTER,
+
+     There is a man playing "Home, sweet home" upon the key
+     bugle--it is too much for me--my heart yearneth--I feel I
+     must write just a line or two--especially as it is raining
+     hard--and I don't exactly know what to be at.
+
+            *       *       *       *       *
+
+     Splendid effects yesterday evening--sun-set, twilight,
+     crescent moon--stormy clouds,--tide out--reflections--dark
+     fishing-craft--very good--quite the thing for you.
+
+     There are no people here at present--decidedly nothing
+     Belgravian--chiefly masculines--from the Saturday to the
+     Monday sort--it striketh me--a few I think have strayed here
+     from Southend--I saw this sort of thing [_see page 29_] on
+     the Grand Promenade--which looks like it.----
+
+     There was a great wind yesterday--Boreas had been taking
+     concentrated essence of ginger--It fairly took me off my
+     legs once as I was walking along the cliffs to Broadstairs,
+     luckily for me it blew _off_ the sea--and I was brought up
+     short by some railings in this wise--[_see page 22_]
+     _otherwise_ I should (_no doubt_) have been carried across a
+     5 acre field of _Cloveria Trifolia Browniensis_.--I am glad
+     to say I was also of service to humanity yesterday--I heard
+     the shrill shrieks of a child and a woman's cry for help
+     behind me--I turned--and saw there was not a moment to lose,
+     the wind had caught a poor child--'s hat (and woman's too)
+     and bore it rapidly to the edge of the cliff--with my usual
+     agility I bounded over the rails fencing the cliff--and
+     saved--yes, saved the child--'s--'at!--another puff and it
+     would have been in the deep, deep sea--the blue, the fresh,
+     &c.--Stout mama thanked me politely, and turning to her
+     husband (who, of course, had come up too late to be of any
+     use--those husbands _always_ do)--she remarked "That the
+     vind had blown both her and her child's 'at hoff and if
+     she'd know'd it--she wouldn't have brought the young-un
+     hout."
+
+     I dare say humanity is amusing here when the place is
+     full--there seems a good deal of "os" exercise--and
+     basket-carriage driving on Sundays--which is good to
+     behold--this gentleman [_see page 25_] was driving with
+     supreme self-content--having one rein all snug and tight
+     under his pony's tail--luckily the beast did not seem to
+     have any kick in him--so _perhaps_ he got safe back to
+     Margate.
+
+            *       *       *       *       *
+
+     Yr. affec. Dad,
+
+     H. K. B.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+[Illustration]
+
+     _29th Sept. 1868._
+
+     MY DEAR DOCTOR,
+
+     I have sent you a couple of canvasses--if you put little
+     Clara's head on one of them, you will immortalize her and
+     yourself too.
+
+     Also therewith you will find a Surplice, and if you will
+     only "hold forth," next Sunday, in the Grande Place of
+     Colyton--I will guarantee to say that the simplicity of yr.
+     vestment and the flowing eloquence of yr. tongue will draw
+     out--(as irresistibly as the Piper did the children) the
+     congregations of the "High" Church and the Conventicles
+     which will--one and all--rush forth for to see and to hear,
+     and admiringly surround you!--If windy, you might take this
+     for yr. text--"What went ye forth for to see?--" A reed
+     shaken by the wind? &c., &c.
+
+     There must have been a splendid _Sea on_ at _Sea-ton_, these
+     last few days,--_tons_ of _sea_, eh? As "I took my walk
+     abroad" this morning--I saw the Serpentine in all its
+     grandeur--and observed several vessels in distress--some
+     clipper yachts on their beam ends--the waves were
+     prodigious--great rollers--two especially--one a six horse
+     fellow--t'other a steamer--crunching and grinding--levelling
+     and sweeping all before them!
+
+     Have you seen the Doge of Colyton yet? or any of the Dog-es?
+
+     By all means cultivate the acquaintance of the Doge's
+     kinswoman. Miss P---- (pray give my love to
+     her)--fac-similed on the stage or in a novel, she would be a
+     "tremendous hit."
+
+     I hope you are not belying the _good_ character I have given
+     of you to the boys--and are doing Elephant, Tiger, and
+     Rhinoceros[I] to their perfect satisfaction--though,
+     considering yr. predecessor--it will test your utmost
+     powers, not to be a wretched failure, possibly--much the
+     same sort of thing--as your attempting to sing a comic song
+     immediately after the Great Vance!!! Good Night,
+
+     Yr. affectionate Dad,
+
+     H. K. B.
+
+
+The following notes have been selected from the unpublished
+correspondence of "Phiz" with CHARLES DICKENS:--
+
+     MY DEAR DICKENS,
+
+     I have just got one boot on, intending to come round to you,
+     but you have done me out of a capital excuse to myself for
+     idling away this fine morning.--I quite forgot to answer
+     your note, and Mr. Macrone's book has not been very vividly
+     present to my memory for some time past. I think by the
+     beginning of next (week) or the middle (_certain_) I shall
+     have done the plates, but in the scraps of copy that I have
+     I can see but _one good_ subject, so if you know of another
+     pray send it me. I should like "Malcolm" again, if you can
+     spare him.
+
+     Believe me,
+
+     Yours very truly,
+
+     HABLOT K. BROWNE.
+
+     Charles Dickens, Esq.
+
+
+     _Sunday, Sept._
+
+     MY DEAR DICKENS,
+
+     Can you conveniently send me the subject or subjects for
+     next week by Thursday or Friday? as I wish, if practicable,
+     to start for Brussels by the Sunday's boat--a word in reply
+     will oblige,
+
+     Yours truly,
+
+     HABLOT K. BROWNE.
+
+     Charles Dickens, Esq.
+
+
+     P.S.--Upon second thoughts I send you the enclosed
+     epistle--(if you read it, you will find out why)--the
+     writer thereof is "Harry Lorrequer," alias "Charles
+     O'Malley"--to whose house I am going.
+
+     H. K. B.
+
+
+     P.S. Second--A fortnight's furlough would suit me better
+     than a week, if it could be managed, as I should like to
+     return by Holland.
+
+     MY DEAR DICKENS,
+
+     I am sorry I cannot have a touch at battledore with you
+     to-day, being already booked for this evening--but I will
+     give you a call to-morrow _after church_, and take my chance
+     of finding you at home.
+
+     Yours very sincerely,
+
+     HABLOT K. BROWNE.
+
+     Charles Dickens, Esq.
+
+     33, HOWLAND STREET.
+
+     MY DEAR DICKENS,
+
+     I shall be most happy to remember not to forget the 10th
+     April, and, let me express a _dis_interested wish, that
+     having completed and established one "Shop"[J] in an
+     "extensive line of business," you will go on increasing and
+     multiplying such like establishments in number and
+     prosperity till you become a Dick Whittington of a merchant,
+     with pockets distended to most Brobdignag dimensions.
+
+     Believe me,
+
+     Yours very truly,
+
+     HABLOT K. BROWNE.
+
+     Charles Dickens, Esq.
+
+     I return you the Riots with many thanks.
+
+
+[Illustration]
+
+     _Sunday Morning._
+
+     MY DEAR DICKENS,
+
+     Will you give me some notion of the sort of design you wish
+     for the frontispiece to second vol. of _Clock_?[K]
+     Cattermole being put _hors de combat_--Chapman with a
+     careworn face (if you can picture that) brings me the block
+     at the eleventh hour, and requires it finished by Wednesday.
+     Now as I have two others to complete in the
+     meantime--something nice and _light_ would be best adapted
+     to my _palette_, and prevent an excess of perspiration in
+     the relays of wood-cutters. You shall have the others to
+     criticise on Tuesday.
+
+     Yours very truly,
+
+     HABLOT K. BROWNE.
+
+
+     Charles Dickens, Esq.
+
+     How are Mrs. Dickens and the "Infant?"
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[A] Pronounced _Hab-lo_, after a Monsieur Hablot, a captain in the
+French army, and a friend of the family.
+
+[B] It was Buss who illustrated Mrs. Trollope's Serial Story, _The Widow
+Married_, which was published in _The New Monthly Magazine_, 1840.
+
+[C] See _Dombey and Son_, Vol. I, p. 113--"Doctor Blimber's Young
+Gentlemen."
+
+[D] Leigh Hunt.
+
+[E] Mr. R. Young, who also undertook the precarious task of "biting in"
+his plates.
+
+[F] Water-colour white.
+
+[G] Publishers frequently availed themselves of his facile pencil, and
+would instruct him to furnish illustrations for books already in the
+press, for which he was often inadequately paid.
+
+[H] The Sculptor, and an old coadjutor on _Once a Week_. He is also the
+author of _A Salad of Stray Leaves_ now in the press, which contains a
+frontispiece by "Phiz," the last design from his pencil. This he
+executed under some difficulties, for owing to an attack of rheumatism
+in his hands, the design--teeming with fancy--had to be made on a large
+scale, and afterwards reduced by the process of photography.
+
+[I] A favourite game with the children.
+
+[J] _The Old Curiosity Shop._
+
+[K] _Master Humphrey's Clock._
+
+
+
+
+A LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL WORKS ILLUSTRATED BY "PHIZ."
+
+To enumerate all the works illustrated by "Phiz" would be a next to
+impossible task, for "their name is legion." No artist was so popular or
+so prolific as a book-illustrator, with the exception, perhaps, of
+George Cruikshank. It may fairly be questioned whether the works of
+Charles Dickens, with which the name of "Phiz" is most intimately
+associated in our minds, would have achieved such notoriety without the
+aid of the etching needle so ably wielded. Mr. John Hollingshead, in his
+essay on Dickens, says:--
+
+"The greater the value of a book as a literary production, the more will
+the circle of its influence usually be narrowed. The very shape, aspect,
+and garments of the ideal creatures who move through its pages, even
+when drawn by the pen of the first master of fiction in the land, will
+be faint and confused to the blunter perception of the general reader,
+unless aided by the attendant pencil of the illustrative artist. For the
+sharp, clear images of Mr. Pickwick, with the spectacles, gaiters, and
+low crowned hat--of Sam Weller, with the striped waistcoat and the
+artful leer--of Mr. Winkle, with the sporting costume and the foolish
+expression--more persons are indebted to the caricaturist, than to the
+faultless descriptive passages of the great creative mind that called
+the amusing puppets into existence."
+
+It was not the fame of Dickens only that was enhanced by "Phiz," for the
+numerous illustrations in the works of Charles Lever, Harrison
+Ainsworth, the brothers Mayhew, and a host of minor novelists were
+executed by his unwearied hand. It was Dickens, however, who introduced
+him to public notice, in a pamphlet, now very scarce, entitled _Sunday
+under Three Heads_, embellished with four delicately executed engravings
+drawn by "H. K. B."
+
+It was his succession to Seymour as the illustrator of the _Pickwick
+Papers_, that really excited public interest in the youthful artist, who
+created, pictorially, the second hero in the work, the inimitable Samuel
+Weller. Those who are familiar with the original edition of the
+_Pickwick Papers_ will remember with some amusement, the artist's
+introduction of the indefatigable "Boots," as represented in the yard of
+the "White Hart" Inn, Borough. The identical Inn exists at the present
+day. "Mr. Pickwick in the Pound" is another amusing plate, where the
+laughing, jeering crowd of spectators crowned by a jubilant and juvenile
+chimney sweeper, the braying of a jackass in the ears of the astonished
+hero, who sits somewhat uncomfortably in a wheelbarrow, are incidents so
+cleverly depicted as to excite unqualified admiration. "Mr. Pickwick
+Slides" is another truly artistic production. The delicate execution of
+the extreme distance where is seen a manor house of the olden time
+nestling amongst the trees, and a farmyard hard by, leaves nothing to be
+desired. Mr. Sala somewhat harshly criticises the illustrations in this
+work, which, he says, "were exceedingly humorous, but vilely drawn. The
+amazing success of his author seems, however, to have spurred the artist
+to sedulous study, and to have conduced in a remarkable degree towards
+the development of his faculties. A surprising improvement was visible
+in the frontispieces to the completed volumes[L] of _Pickwick_."
+Undoubtedly faults exist, but to characterize the illustrations as
+"vile," seems too severe a term, for after all, the exaggerated types of
+face, form, and feature, do but harmonize with the somewhat exaggerated
+descriptions of them by the author. This defect, if such it can be
+called, was remedied considerably in his later productions.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+In 1837, "Phiz" accompanied Dickens into Yorkshire, there to gather
+material for _Nicholas Nickleby_, a work which exposes the tyranny
+practised by some schoolmasters on their helpless pupils. In this book,
+published in 1839, is presented to us the despicable "Squeers," which
+type of brute in human form was so successfully realized by both Author
+and Artist, that the indignation of innumerable Yorkshire pedagogues was
+raised to threats of legal proceedings, for traducing their characters,
+one of them actually stating that "he remembered being waited on last
+January twelvemonth by two gentlemen, one of whom held him in
+conversation while the other took his likeness." The most familiar
+representation of "Squeers" is seen in the second plate, where he stands
+sharpening his pen, and is timorously approached by the stout father of
+two wizen-faced boys who are about to become his pupils. The face of the
+schoolmaster, in which are combined hypocrisy and cruelty, and the
+expression of sympathy for the new comers exhibited by the boy on the
+trunk, are worthy of the closest inspection. The effect of the school
+treatment at Dotheboy's Hall is visible in the illustration where "The
+Internal Economy" is depicted. Here we see the starveling lads during
+and after the "internal" application of superabundant doses of brimstone
+and treacle, administered by Squeers' worthy partner. The eighth plate
+happily depicts the wild excitement of the pupils when "Nicholas
+astonishes Mr. Squeers and family" by making a furious attack on the
+former with the cane; as well as "The breaking-up at Dotheboy's Hall,"
+where the boys revenge themselves on their former tormentors. There are
+two more etchings in this volume especially remarkable as artistic
+productions, viz., "Mr. and Mrs. Mantalini in Ralph Nickleby's Office,"
+where the expression of an intent listener on the face of Ralph, and of
+horror on that of Mantalini, is capitally rendered; and the plate
+entitled "The Recognition," which shows poor Smike in the act of rising
+from a couch of sickness as he recognizes "Broker," who had conveyed him
+as a child to school.
+
+_Master Humphrey's Clock_, written in 1840-1, includes the stories of
+the _Old Curiosity Shop_ and _Barnaby Rudge_ which have been happily
+termed "two unequalled twin fictions upon one stem." The illustrations
+were drawn on wood by H. K. Browne and George Cattermole, and the former
+created, pictorially, Little Nell, Mrs. Jarley, Quilp, Dick Swiveller,
+the Marchioness, Sally Brass, and her brother Sampson. "Phiz" revelled
+in wild fun in the vignettes relating to the devilries of Mr. Daniel
+Quilp and the humours of Codlin and Short, and of Mrs. Jarley's waxwork
+show. His "Marchioness" was a distinct comic creation; but in the weird
+waterscape, showing the corpse of Quilp washed ashore, he sketched a
+vista of riparian scenery which, in its desolate breadth and loneliness,
+has not since, perhaps, been equalled, save in the amazing suggestive
+Thames etchings of Mr. James Whistler. To be sure, Hablot Browne was
+stimulated to excellence during the continuance of the _Old Curiosity
+Shop_ by the friendly rivalry of the famous water-colour painter, George
+Cattermole, who drew the charming vignettes of the quaint old cottages
+and school-house and church of the village where "Little Nell" died. In
+_Barnaby Rudge_, however, Hablot Browne had things graphic his own way,
+and again towards the close he manifested genuine tragic power. His
+"Barnaby with the Raven" is lovely in its picturesque grace.[M] When the
+first cheap series of this work was published, plates by H. K. Browne
+were issued, which are now so scarce, that they are often catalogued at
+eight or ten times their original price.
+
+Two years after the visit of Dickens to America in 1842, _Martin
+Chuzzlewit_ was published, the illustrations to which excel in vigour
+all the previous efforts of "Phiz." Here we are brought face to face, in
+a pictorial sense, with the hypocrite, Mr. Pecksniff, the _abstemious_
+Mrs. Gamp and her bosom friend, Betsy Prig, simple Tom Pinch and his
+charming sister, Ruth. The frontispiece is a most ambitious work, but
+none the less successful, for "Phiz" has represented, in the space of a
+few square inches, all the leading events, humorous and pathetic,
+described in the novel. In the illustration where Mark Tapley is seen
+starting from his native village for London, "Phiz" exhibits his sense
+of the picturesque in the old gables and dormers of the cottages which
+form the background. The plate, "Mr. Pecksniff on his Mission," is full
+of interest, and gives us an insight into the character of Kingsgate
+Street, Holborn, at that time. The female neighbours of Mrs. Gamp, the
+midwife, flock round Pecksniff, commiserating with him on his supposed
+domestic cares, and advising him to "knock at the winder, Sir; knock at
+the winder. Lord bless you, don't lose no more time than you can
+help--knock at the winder!"
+
+[Illustration]
+
+But the etching in _Chuzzlewit_ which most strikes the reader as a
+ludicrous conception, is that where "Mrs. Gamp propoges a toast." Here
+he has admirably illustrated the text, wherein is described, with other
+details of a droll character, how some rusty gowns and other articles of
+that lady's wardrobe depended from the bed-posts; and "these had so
+adapted themselves by long usage to her figure, that more than one
+impatient husband, coming in precipitately, at about the time of
+twilight, had been for an instant stricken dumb by the supposed
+discovery that Mrs. Gamp had hanged herself." In the background of the
+picture are represented these indispensable articles of dress, while at
+the table sit, in friendly chat, Mrs. Gamp and Betsy.
+
+"Betsy," said Mrs. Gamp, filling her own glass and passing the tea-pot,
+"I will now propoge a toast. My frequent pardner, Betsy Prig!"
+
+"Which, altering the name to Sairah Gamp; I drink," said Mrs. Prig,
+"with love and tenderness."
+
+In 1846, _Dombey and Son_ commenced, with forty illustrations by "Phiz."
+The frontispiece is similar in design to that of _Chuzzlewit_,
+introducing the principal characters and events in the novel. The
+austere and pompous (not to say selfish) Mr. Dombey, whom "Phiz" had
+great difficulty in realizing to the author's satisfaction,[N] is
+introduced in many of the plates, although the artist has somewhat
+failed in preserving the same type of face throughout. He has succeeded
+better with the genial Captain Cuttle. Little Paul, as he sits in his
+diminutive arm-chair, contrasts most favourably in his childish
+innocence, with the grim Mrs. Pipchin, whose Ogress-like character is
+strongly marked. The scene in which Mr. Dombey introduces his daughter
+Florence to Mrs. Skewton, is one of the most successful in the book, and
+contains the _best_ type of Dombey. Here also, the face of Florence is
+truly pretty, and the artist has well portrayed the handsome but
+vindictive Edith denouncing Carker for his treachery. A very effective
+etching entitled, "On the Dark Road," represents the flight of the
+enraged and disappointed libertine. The horses are being urged on their
+mad career by the whip and spurs of a postilion, under the dark sky with
+a glimmer of light in the horizon caused by the rising sun. The artist
+at this time essayed a process of working on plates over which a
+half-tint had been previously laid by means of a ruling-machine, and in
+which the "high-lights" were afterwards "stopped out," and the "whites"
+"burnished out." He frequently availed himself of these ready means of
+producing effect. Full-length portraits of the principal characters in
+_Dombey_, which were issued as additional plates by "Phiz," are now very
+scarce.
+
+_David Copperfield_ (1850), with forty illustrations, was the next
+venture, but was not so much an artistic as a literary success. A
+favourite character in it of course, is Micawber, a kindly caricature of
+the Author's father, the realization of whom, by Browne, obtained the
+hearty approval of Dickens.
+
+The most characteristic and, perhaps, most successful work of "Phiz" is
+to be seen in the illustrations to _Bleak House_. A view of the "House"
+itself forms the subject of the frontispiece. "The Ghost's Walk," the
+"Drawing-room at Chesney Wold," "Tom All-alone's," and the gateway
+leading to the burial ground where Lady Dedlock has fallen lifeless, are
+instances where the artist has obtained some fine effects by the
+"ruled-plate" process. A writer in _The Daily Telegraph_, of July 11th,
+1882, speaks somewhat disparagingly of these illustrations, but _The
+Academy_ of a few days later, in the following remarks, thus demurs to
+his criticism:--
+
+"In the _Bleak House_ illustrations hardly anything is wrong; there is
+no shortcoming. Not only is the comic side, the even fussily comic, such
+as 'the young man of the name of Guppy,' understood and rendered well,
+but the dignified beauty of old country-house architecture, or the
+architecture of the chambers of our inns-of-court is conveyed in brief
+touches; and there is apparent everywhere that element of terrible
+suggestiveness which made not only the art of Hablot Browne, but the art
+of Charles Dickens himself, in this story of _Bleak House_, recall the
+imaginative purpose of the art of Meryon. What can be more impressive in
+connection with the story--nay, even independently of the story--than
+the illustration of Mr. Tulkinghorn's chambers in gloom; than the
+illustration of the staircase at Dedlock's own house, with the placard
+of the reward for the discovery of the murderer; than that of Tom All
+Alone's; the dark, foul darkness of the burial ground shown under scanty
+lamplight, and the special spot where lay the man who 'wos very good to
+me--he wos!'? And then again, 'the Ghost's Walk,' and once more the
+burial ground, with the woman's body--Lady Dedlock's--now close against
+its gate. Of course it would be possible to find fault with these
+things, but they have nothing of the vice of tameness--they deliver
+their message effectually. It is not their business to be faultless; it
+is their business to impress."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+A very successful rendering of character in _Bleak House_ is that of
+Harold Skimpole, whose prototype was Leigh Hunt, an intimate friend of
+the Novelist, who, by his unintentional disregard for the feelings of
+Hunt in caricaturing his peculiarities, nearly severed that friendship.
+Again, there is intense humour in the illustration facetiously styled,
+"In re Guppy, extraordinary proceeding." The love-sick Guppy is seen in
+a kneeling posture, while declaring to Miss Summerson the burning
+passion that consumes him. The expression on the face of the young lady
+shows that she is more amused than flattered by his preference.
+
+In _Little Dorrit_ (1855-7) the experience gained by both Author and
+Artist during their tour of the London prisons, stood them in good
+stead, for here the Marshalsea is fully described, the type of a
+debtor's jail. The first illustration represents the interior of a
+French prison, in which are incarcerated Monsieur Rigaud and Signor John
+Baptist. The effect of deep gloom in the cell is produced by the
+"ruled-plate" method, and is quite Rembrandt-like. In contrast with
+this, the illustration of "The Ferry," is a delightful country aspect,
+with trees and winding river; and another plate entitled "Floating
+away," an evening scene, the moon rising behind the trees, is quite
+romantic. The old house in the last picture but one--"Damocles,"--again
+shows Browne's appreciation of the picturesque architecture of bygone
+times, in the effect of light from the setting sun as it falls upon the
+house front, throwing into relief the quaint old carvings of door and
+window.
+
+The last work illustrated by "Phiz" for Dickens was _The Tale of Two
+Cities_ (1859), containing sixteen etchings full of vigour, as the
+character of the story justifies.
+
+For some reason, at this time, a rupture was caused between author and
+artist,[O] which resulted in the engagement of Mr. Marcus Stone and Mr.
+Luke Fildes as illustrators of _Our Mutual Friend_ and _Edwin Drood_.
+These accomplished painters avoided the old system of caricature, the
+old, forced humour; but it is certain that their designs are less
+intimately associated with the persons in the stories they illustrated
+than those of "Phiz" with the earlier and more popular works of Dickens.
+
+Having devoted the larger portion of the space at our disposal to a
+description of the most famous productions of Browne's pencil, which are
+prominent in the original editions of the Novels of Charles Dickens, we
+can but briefly enumerate the plates he etched for Lever, Ainsworth, and
+others.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+In Charles Lever's _Harry Lorrequer_ (1839) and _Charles O'Malley_
+(1841), the uproarious mirth and jollity of Irish military life is well
+portrayed by the needle of the artist. "The last night in Trinity" in
+the latter work, is an example of this, wherein is seen the worthy
+Doctor perched on a table, surrounded by a batch of Irish dragoons, and
+being elevated by an explosion of combustibles. The horses in the
+illustrations are admirably drawn.
+
+In _Jack Hinton_ (1842) the artist shows remarkable force in depicting
+the death of Shaun, and has well realized the humour of "Corney's Combat
+with the Cossack."
+
+_Tom Burke of Ours_ (1844) contains forty-four illustrations by "Phiz,"
+many of which represent the scenes connected with the battles of
+Austerlitz, &c., during the reign of the great Napoleon. Most especially
+noticeable is the scene in a court of justice, with "Darby in the
+Chair;" the face of that hero with an expression apparently abashed, but
+really full of roguishness, as he gazes at the counsel, is one of the
+most successful of Browne's efforts.
+
+_The O'Donoghue_ (1845), has twenty-six illustrations, most of which are
+well conceived. The falling body of a man in the frontispiece is a
+remarkable drawing. The girlish figure of Kate O'Donoghue, as she bends
+over the form of her heart-broken brother Herbert, is well depicted.
+
+_St. Patrick's Eve_ (1845), with four etchings and several woodcuts. The
+most remarkable of the former is "The Cholera Hut."
+
+_The Knight of Gwynne_ (1847), with forty illustrations.
+
+_Roland Cashel_ (1850), with forty illustrations.
+
+_The Daltons_ (1852), with forty-eight illustrations.
+
+_The Dodd Family Abroad_ (1854), with forty illustrations. The shrewd
+simplicity of Kenny Dodd is well delineated.
+
+_The Martins of Cro' Martin_ (1856), with forty illustrations.
+
+_Davenport Dunn_ (1859), with forty-four illustrations.
+
+_One of Them_ (1861), with thirty illustrations.
+
+_Barrington_ (1863), with twenty-six illustrations.
+
+_Luttrell of Arran_ (1865), with thirty-two illustrations.
+
+The following works of W. Harrison Ainsworth contain etchings and
+woodcuts by "Phiz:"--
+
+_Revelations of London_, published about 1845, but never completed, has
+an illustration which represents a tumble-down house in Vauxhall Road,
+which is almost Rembrandt-like in its power. The artist was about thirty
+years of age when he executed this.
+
+_Old St. Paul's_ (1847), contains only two plates by "Phiz," but _The
+Spendthrift_ (1857), _Mervyn Clitheroe_, and _Crichton_ were wholly
+illustrated by him.
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[L] The _Pickwick Papers_ were issued in one volume, and with _one_
+frontispiece.
+
+[M] _The Daily Telegraph_, July 11th, 1882.
+
+[N] See illustration facing page 11.
+
+[O] If the following statement, made in the _Frankfurt Zeitung_, can be
+credited, any feeling of enmity that existed between them had long since
+died out:--"Just after the death of Charles Dickens, 'Phiz' was
+considerably affected by the mere mention of the name of that
+illustrious novelist, which seemed to stir up in his breast feelings of
+regret at losing such a friend."
+
+
+SOME MISCELLANEOUS WORKS ILLUSTRATED BY "PHIZ."
+
+_A Paper: of Tobacco, &c., by Joseph Fume_ (1839). With six plates by
+"Phiz." _Fiddle Faddle's Sentimental Tour, in search of the Amusing,
+Picturesque, and Agreeable_ (1845). _The Union Magazine._ Vol. I (1846).
+Containing three plates by "Phiz." _The Illuminated Magazine._ Conducted
+by Douglas Jerrold (1843-5), with woodcut illustrations by Leech, "Phiz"
+(H. K. Browne), and others. _Fanny, the little Milliner, or the Rich and
+the Poor_ (1846), illustrated by "Phiz" and Onwhyn. _Wits and Beaux of
+Society. Sketches of Cantabs, by John Smith (of Smith Hall), Gent._
+(1850). _The Cambridge Freshman._ With woodcut illustrations. _Paved
+with Gold, or Romance and Reality of the London Streets_, by Augustus
+Mayhew (1858). _A Medical, Moral, and Christian Dissection of
+Teetotalism by Democritus_ (1846). _New Sporting Magazine_ (1839). _The
+Pottleton Legacy_, by Albert Smith. _Christmas Day, and how it was spent
+by four persons in the house of Fograss, Fograss, Mowton, and Snorton,
+bankers_, by C. Le Ros (1854). _Home Pictures_ (Durtin & Co., 1856). A
+series of seven charming and characteristic plates. _Dame Perkins and
+her Grey Mare, or the Mount for Market_, by L. Meadows (1866). With
+coloured illustrations. _H. B.'s Schoolboy Days._ _Illustrations of the
+Five Senses._ _Adventures of Sir Guy de Guy_, by George Halse. _The
+Baddington Peerage_, by G. A. Sala (published in _The Illustrated
+Times_). In addition to these may be added an illustrated edition of
+Byron's works, the "Abbotsford" edition of Sir Walter Scott's Novels,
+besides numerous cuts in _The Sporting Gazette_, _The Illustrated
+Times_, the early volumes of _Once a Week_, and the Comic Papers.
+
+[Illustration: (SOME SIGNATURES ADOPTED BY H. K. BROWNE.)]
+
+
+BELCARO: being Essays on Sundry AEsthetical Questions.
+
+By VERNON LEE, author of the "Studies of the Eighteenth Century in
+Italy." 8vo. price 8_s._
+
+"There is much in this thoroughly original and delightful book which
+reminds us of the essays of the eighteenth century.... It is rare indeed
+to find so much thought conveyed in so easy a style--to find a writer
+who not only has so much that is fresh to say, but has so fresh a way of
+saying it.... This way of conveying ideas is very fascinating.... From
+first to last there is a continuous and delightful stimulation of
+thought. The book will lead to conversation, dreaming, speculation, and
+all kinds of pleasant and healthy mental exercise; and it is
+interspersed with such perfect little sketches of scenery, and passages
+of so much eloquence, that it is a literary treat to read
+it."--_Academy._
+
+"Clever and expressive, subtle and brilliant.... We could say a good
+deal more about this book as the product of a remarkably acute critical
+mind; it would bear to be read a second time, and would be found to
+repay the trouble."--_Athenaeum._
+
+"Splendid essays on art.... We do not know why the writing reminds us of
+George Sand, but it does.... Vernon Lee writes prose harmonies which are
+finely composed."--_Vanity Fair._
+
+
+THE SEALS AND ARMORIAL INSIGNIA OF THE UNIVERSITY AND COLLEGES OF
+CAMBRIDGE.
+
+Part I. Post 4to., 3_s._ Relating to the University. Contains
+Chromo-lithograph and _eight engravings_ of Seals.
+
+_Imp. 16mo., elegant cover, gilt. Price 3s (Postage 4d)._
+
+
+TUSCAN FAIRY TALES. Taken down from the Mouths of the People. With
+sixteen illustrations, engraved by EDMUND EVANS.
+
+CONTENTS:--The Little Convent of Cats; The Fairies' Sieve; The Three
+Golden Apples; The Woman of Paste; The Beautiful Glutton; The King of
+Portugal's Cowherd; The Three Cauliflowers; The Siren; The Glass Coffin;
+Leonbruno.
+
+"Sumptuously printed and prettily bound."--_Athenaeum._
+
+"A thoroughly delightful book. The comparative mythologist and the child
+will alike find something to gratify their very different
+tastes."--_Westminster Review._
+
+"The work will delight the little ones as well as interest the student.
+The book is charmingly got up and illustrated."--_London Review._
+
+_New Poems. Crown 8vo. Ten fine Plates, cloth, price 6s._
+
+
+GODS, SAINTS, AND MEN. By EUGENE LEE-HAMILTON.
+
+"Readers will find him, as before, a Browning without his
+obscurity."--_Graphic._
+
+"Quaint, mediaeval legends and traditions, most of which have a strong
+savour of the supernatural, in strong, tuneful and artistic
+verse."--_Scotsman._
+
+_Crown 8vo., price 1s, cloth 2s._
+
+
+ON THE ART OF GARDENING: A plea for English Gardens of the future, with
+practical hints for planting them By MRS. J. FRANCIS FOSTER.
+
+"In this pleasant and original little book the authoress not only enters
+a vigorous protest against the bedding-out system and the so-called
+'natural' style of gardening, but gives very good practical advice for
+gardens of a different sort."--_Gardener's Chronicle._
+
+"This little book proceeds from a true lover of flowers and
+will be welcome to all who take an interest in their care and
+culture."--_Civilian._
+
+"A pleasant and unpretending little volume."--_Saturday Review._
+
+
+LONDON: W. SATCHELL & Co., 19, TAVISTOCK ST., COVENT GARDEN
+
+
+_Price 2s. 6d._,
+
+THE BOOK OF ODDITIES, AND PUNISHMENTS IN THE OLDEN TIME.
+
+BY WILLIAM ANDREWS, F.R.H.S.
+
+With numerous Illustrations BY GEORGE CRUIKSHANK, CROWQUILL, CUTHBERT
+BEDE, AND OTHERS.
+
+     CONTENTS:--Revivals after Execution--A Human
+     Pincushion--Female Jockeys--A Blind Road-maker--Odd
+     Showers--Singular Funerals--Whimsical Wills--Curious
+     Epitaphs--People and Steeple
+     Rhymes--Dog-Whippers--Sluggard-Wakers--Playing at Cards for
+     a Town, &c. &c.
+
+"A capitally-written book, containing a vast amount of curious and
+out-of-the-way information. Mr. Andrews is never for a moment dull, but
+gives forth his antiquarian gossip with all the enthusiasm and point of
+a practised _raconteur_. _He tells us all about the ducking-stool, the
+brank, the pillory, the stocks, the drunkard's cloak, the whipping-post,
+riding the stang, and other forms of punishment._ The book is copiously
+illustrated and well indexed, and cannot fail to be popular."--_Sunday
+Times._
+
+LONDON: W. SATCHELL AND CO., 19, TAVISTOCK STREET, COVENT GARDEN.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of 'Phiz' (Hablot Knight Browne), a
+Memoir., by Fred. G. Kitton
+
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