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diff --git a/33585.txt b/33585.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..daf2ab7 --- /dev/null +++ b/33585.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1837 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Reply of the Philadelphia Brigade +Association to the Foolish and Absurd Narrative of Lieutenant Frank A. Haskell, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Reply of the Philadelphia Brigade Association to the Foolish and Absurd Narrative of Lieutenant Frank A. Haskell + +Author: Various + +Release Date: August 30, 2010 [EBook #33585] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK REPLY OF THE PHILADELPHIA BRIGADE *** + + + + +Produced by The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Archive/American +Libraries.) + + + + + + + + + + The Battle of Gettysburg + + How General Meade Turned the + Army of the Potomac over + to Lieutenant Haskell + See Page 10 + + + PUBLISHED BY + THE PHILADELPHIA BRIGADE + ASSOCIATION + + + + + BOWERS PRINTING COMPANY + PHILADELPHIA, PA. + + + + + REPLY OF THE PHILADELPHIA BRIGADE ASSOCIATION + TO THE FOOLISH and ABSURD NARRATIVE + OF Lieutenant FRANK A. HASKELL + + WHICH APPEARS TO BE ENDORSED BY + THE MILITARY ORDER OF THE LOYAL LEGION + COMMANDRY OF MASSACHUSETTS + AND THE WISCONSIN HISTORY COMMISSION + + COMPLIMENTS OF THE + PHILADELPHIA BRIGADE ASSOCIATION + MARCH, 1910 + + + + + HEADQUARTERS, + PHILADELPHIA BRIGADE ASSOCIATION, + S. W. COR. FIFTH AND CHESTNUT STREETS, + PHILADELPHIA, PA. + + +At the stated meeting of the Survivors of the Philadelphia Brigade, Second +Brigade, Second Division, Second Corps, Army of the Potomac, held at the +above place, Tuesday evening, September 7, 1909, letters were read from +Gen. Alexander S. Webb, who commanded the Philadelphia Brigade at the +Battle of Gettysburg, July 1, 2 and 3, 1863, requesting the consideration +of the Brigade Association to the most astounding misstatements made by +First Lieut. Frank Aretas Haskell, 6th Wisconsin Infantry, in a paper said +to have been written by him under date of July 16, 1863, two weeks after +the Battle of Gettysburg had been fought and addressed to his brother, who +printed it for private circulation about fifteen years afterward. + +The letters of Gen. Webb were accompanied by a volume of 94 pages, +containing the most absurd statements as to the action of the Philadelphia +Brigade at the Battle of Gettysburg, which, upon being read, led to the +unanimous adoption of the following preamble and resolution: + + "WHEREAS, in the 'Narrative of the Battle of Gettysburg,' by Lieut. + Frank A. Haskell, First Lieut. 6th Wisconsin Infantry, and an aide + upon the staff of Gen. John Gibbon, said to have been written within + a few days after the battle, and reprinted in 1898 as a part of the + history of the Class of 1854, Dartmouth College, and republished in + 1908 under the auspices of the Massachusetts Commandery of the + Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, the + Philadelphia Brigade has been recklessly, and shamelessly, and + grossly misrepresented; therefore, with the view of correcting these + wilfull misstatements, it is + + "RESOLVED, That a committee consisting of the officers of the + Philadelphia Brigade Association, together with two comrades from + each of the four regiments of the Brigade, be appointed to carefully + consider the matter, and, if deemed advisable by the committee, to + publicly enter its protest against the malicious statements + 'reprinted in 1898 as a part of the history of the Class of 1854 of + Dartmouth College,' and again republished by the Loyal Legion of + Massachusetts in 1908, with a degree of recklessness and disregard + for truth unparalleled in any publication relating to the Civil War; + statements so false and malevolent as to be wholly unworthy of a + class of Dartmouth College, or of a Commandery of the Loyal Legion of + the United States; of the name of Capt. Daniel Hall, of General + Howard's staff--who prepared the story for publication--or of 'Chas. + Hunt, Captain U. S. V., Committee on Publication.'" + +The committee named under this resolution consists of these Comrades: Wm. +G. Mason, Commander; John Quinton, Vice-Commander; Chas. W. Devitt, +Quartermaster; John W. Frazier, Adjutant; John E. Reilly, Wm. S. Stockton, +Joseph MacCarroll and James Thompson, Trustees, and Edward Thompson and +James Duffy, 69th; John W. Dampman and Edward P. McMahon, 71st; John Reed +and Thos. J. Longacre, 72d; Wm. H. Neiler and Thos. Thompson, 106th +Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers. + +An examination by the Philadelphia Brigade Association of the records +relating to the "Narrative" written by Lieut. Haskell, discloses these +facts: + +First--That Lieut. Haskell entered the service in July, 1861, as First +Lieutenant of the 6th Wisconsin Infantry, and in June, 1862, became an +Aide-de-Camp upon the Staff of Brigadier General John Gibbon, and was +serving as such at the time he wrote his "Narrative" of the Battle of +Gettysburg. On February 9, 1864, Haskell was commissioned Colonel of the +36th Wisconsin Regiment, which at his request was assigned to the First +Brigade, Second Division, Second Corps, Army of the Potomac. The Division +was commanded by Gen. Gibbon, Gen. Hancock commanding the Corps. In the +advance of Gibbon's Division at the Battle of Cold Harbor, against a +strongly intrenched position, Col. Henry McKeen, who commanded the First +Brigade, was killed. Colonel Haskell succeeded to the command, and he, +too, fell mortally wounded under the heavy artillery and musketry fire, +against which his Brigade advanced. Haskell's record as a soldier of the +Civil War is, therefore, an enviable one; but as a writer of events of the +war he was absurd, reckless and unreliable. + +Second--The manuscript alleged to have been prepared by Lieut. Haskell, as +stated by him, "At the Headquarters, second Corps D'Armee, Army of the +Potomac, near Harper's Ferry, July 16, 1863," was sent to his brother, who +printed it about fifteen years later in a pamphlet of 72 pages for private +circulation. + +Third--The book was reprinted in 1898 as part of the History of the Class +of 1854, Dartmouth College, in honor of Colonel Haskell's memory, but with +certain omissions that severely reflected upon the Eleventh Corps, Gen. +Sickles and President Lincoln, which are explained in a foot-note by Capt. +Daniel Hall, a classmate of Haskell's, who was an Aide upon the Staff of +Gen. O. O. Howard, and who prepared the Haskell story for republication. + +Fourth--The pamphlet published in 1878, by Haskell's family for private +circulation, contained 72 pages; the costly volume published in 1908, +under the auspices of the Commandery of Massachusetts, Loyal Legion of +the United States, prepared by Captain Daniel Hall, an Aide upon the Staff +of Gen. Howard, Commander of the Eleventh Corps, with the official +endorsement of "Chas. Hunt, Captain, U. S. V., Committee on Publication" +is a book of 94 pages; therefore, apparently containing much more matter +than was originally published by the Haskell family in 1878. + +The charge of cowardice on the part of the Philadelphia Brigade, purported +to have been made by Lieut. Haskell, is printed on pages 60, 61 and 62 of +the volume published by the Loyal Legion of Massachusetts, and is in part +as follows: + + "Unable to find my General, I gave up hunting as useless--I was + convinced General Gibbon could not be on the field; I left him + mounted; I could have easily found him now had he so remained, but + now, save myself, there was not a mounted officer near the engaged + lines--and was riding towards the right of the Second Division, with + purpose to stop there, as the most eligible position to watch the + further progress of the battle, then to be ready to take part, + according to my own notions, wherever and whenever occasion + presented. The conflict was tremendous, but I had seen no wavering in + all our line. Wondering how long the rebel ranks, deep though they + were, could stand our sheltered volleys, I had come near my + destination, when--great heavens! were my senses mad?--the larger + portion of Webb's Brigade--my God, it was true--there by the group of + trees and the angles of the wall, was breaking from the cover of the + works, and without orders or reason, with no hand uplifted to check + them, was falling back, a fear-stricken flock of confusion. The fate + of Gettysburg hung upon a spider's single thread. A great magnificent + passion came on me at the instant; not one that overpowers and + confounds, but one that blanches the face and sublimes every sense + and faculty. My sword that had always hung idle by my side, the sign + of rank only, in every battle, I drew, bright and gleaming, the + symbol of command. Was not that a fit occasion and those fugitives + the men on whom to try the temper of the Solingen steel? All rules + and proprieties were forgotten, all considerations of person and + danger and safety despised; for as I met the tide of those rabbits, + the damned red flags of the rebellion began to thicken and flaunt + along the wall they had just deserted, and one was already waving + over the guns of the dead Cushing. I ordered those men to 'halt,' and + 'face about,' and 'fire,' and they heard my voice and gathered my + meaning, and obeyed my commands. On some unpatriotic backs, of those + not quick of comprehension, the flat of my sabre fell, not lightly; + and at its touch their love of country returned, and with a look at + me as if I were the destroying angel, as I might have become theirs, + they again faced the enemy. General Webb soon came to my assistance. + He was on foot, but he was active, and did all that one could do to + repair the breach or to avert its calamity." + +Colonels O'Kane and Tschudy, of the 69th, were killed in action; Baxter, +of the 72d, wounded and carried off the field; Morehead and his 106th +Regiment had been sent by Gibbon to the support of Howard's Corps, thereby +materially weakening the Brigade; Col. R. Penn Smith, of the 71st, and +Lieut. Col. Theo. Hesser, of the 72d, were with their commands--which they +never left--encouraging their men to even greater deeds of heroism; Webb +is yet living and in a supplemental paper to this Reply will state +specifically where the Commander of the Brigade and his Adjutant were and +what they did. + +While Haskell has long been dead--killed in action at Cold Harbor, in +1864, and it seems cruel to speak harshly of the dead, yet duty to the +living, and to the honored dead of the Philadelphia Brigade compels reply. +The unreliability of Lieut. Haskell as a writer of military matters was +equaled only by the egotism of the youthful Lieutenant. Thus this reckless +First Lieutenant wrote of General Howard and General Doubleday, and thus +he maligned the brave men of the Eleventh Corps: + + "The two divisions of the Eleventh Corps commanded, by Generals + Schurz and Barlow, making but feeble opposition to the advancing + enemy, soon began to fall back. Back in disorganized masses they fled + into the town, hotly pursued, and in lanes, in barns, in yards and + cellars, throwing away their arms, they sought to hide like rabbits, + and were captured unresisting by hundreds. + + "I suppose our losses during the first day would exceed five + thousand, of whom a large number were prisoners. Such usually is the + kind of loss sustained by the Eleventh Corps." (Haskell narrative, + page 6.) + +The actual loss of the Eleventh Corps was 153 officers and 2,138 men +killed and wounded, and 62 officers and 1,448 men captured and missing, a +total of 3,801, thereby attesting that at least 2,291 brave men of the +Eleventh Corps did not "hide like rabbits," but that they fell like heroes +facing the enemy. + +And thus of General Doubleday as to his action during Pickett's Charge on +the afternoon of the third day: + + "Doubleday on the left was too far off, and too slow. On another + occasion I had begged him to send his idle regiments to support + another line, battling with thrice its numbers, and the 'Old Sumter + Hero' had declined." (Haskell narrative, page 62.) + +If Haskell, or any other first lieutenant, would dare to have had the +impudence to direct a Major General, and he a graduate of West Point, a +soldier of distinction in the Mexican War, and placed in command of the +First Corps upon the death of Gen. Reynolds, is it not more than likely, +indeed, does it not seem certain that such a presumptuous lieutenant would +have been sent back to his command under guard, if not committed to the +guard house? + +And did not Capt. Daniel Hall, an Aide upon General Howard's Staff, who +prepared the Haskell "Narrative" for republication; and the Military Order +of the Loyal Legion, Commandery of Massachusetts, in publishing the +Haskell "Narrative" become responsible for the Haskell slander upon +Generals Howard and Doubleday, and the brave men of the gallant Eleventh +Corps, and of the Philadelphia Brigade? + +The egotism and recklessness of Haskell are in evidence upon almost every +page of his book. On page 39 he says: + + "I heard General Meade express dissatisfaction at General Geary for + making his attack. I heard General Meade say that he sent an order to + have the fight stopped, but I believe the order was not given to + Geary until after the repulse of the enemy." Is it not clear that if + such an order had been sent and obeyed, the enemy would not have been + repulsed? Is it anywhere upon record that General Meade sent such an + order? + +On page 82 of the Haskell "Narrative" of the Battle of Gettysburg appears +this silly statement: + + "About six o'clock on the afternoon of the third of July, my duties + done upon the field, I quitted it to go to the General (meaning + Gibbon). My brave horse Dick--poor creature! his good conduct in the + battle that afternoon had been complimented by a brigadier--was a + sight to see. He was literally covered with blood. Struck repeatedly, + his right thigh had been ripped open in a ghastly manner by a piece + of shell, and three bullets were lodged deep in his body, and from + his wounds the blood oozed and ran down his sides and legs, and with + the sweat formed a bloody foam. To Dick belongs the honor of first + mounting that stormy crest before the enemy, not forty yards away, + whose bullets smote him, and of being the only horse there during the + heat of that battle." + +Haskell might, with equal truth and egotism, have written: "To Dick and +his rider belong the honor of meeting and repulsing Pickett's Division," +and who can say that it would not have been accorded equally as generous +consideration by the Loyal Legion of Massachusetts, and the History +Commission of Wisconsin, as was given to all the other nonsense he wrote +of the Battle of Gettysburg. + +It has been said of Pickett's Virginians, that accustomed to handling a +gun, or rifle, from boyhood, any one of them could kill a jay bird at a +distance of 150 yards, but not one of Pickett's Division of 4,000 Veterans +could kill that horse or that first lieutenant, and they the only horse +and man in sight, and not forty yards away, parading between Hancock's +Corps of the Union Army and Longstreet's Corps of the Confederate Army. + +Oh! Veterans of Pickett's Division, you who killed or wounded 491 of our +Comrades of the Philadelphia Brigade from the time you began one of the +most desperate charges ever recorded in the history of wars, starting from +Seminary Ridge, one mile distant from the Bloody Angle, until you reached +the culminating point where the intrepid Armistead fell mortally wounded +within the lines of the Philadelphia Brigade. You who made such slaughter +in OUR RANKS AT LONG RANGE could not kill First Lieutenant Frank Aretas +Haskell, or his horse, and they not forty yards distant from your firing +line, and he "the one solitary horseman between the Second Division of +Hancock's Corps and Pickett's Division of Longstreet's Corps." And the +Military Order, Loyal Legion, Commandery of Massachusetts, and the History +Commission of Wisconsin, as late as the year 1908 in expensive +publications confirm the Haskell "Narrative" of his wild "Buffalo Bill" +ride between the Union and Confederate lines, and depicting your skill as +marksmen, with a horse and officer as the inviting target not forty yards +distant--defying the bullets of the most skillful marksmen of the +Confederate Army. + +Is there a veteran soldier of the Civil War, or even a thoughtful man in +the United States, who believes this part of Haskell's Narrative "of +riding between the lines the one solitary horseman, and he not forty yards +distant from the enemy?" Do Captains Daniel Hall and Charles Hunt, the +Loyal Legion of Massachusetts, and Wisconsin History Commission, +themselves endorsing it, really believe it? + +It was on the third day that "Dick" was plugged with enough of Confederate +lead to have warranted Haskell in organizing a Company to mine the lead in +"Dick's" dead body. His horse "Billy" was pumped just as full of lead on +the second day, as this absurd statement on page 37 attests: + + "And my horse can hardly move. What can be the reason? I know that he + has been touched by two of their bullets today, but not to wound or + lame him to speak of. I foolishly spurred my horse again. No use--he + would only walk. I dismounted; I could not lead him along. So, out of + temper, I rode him to headquarters, which I reached at last. With a + light I found what was the matter with 'Billy.' A bullet had entered + his chest just in front of my left leg as I was mounted, and the + blood was running down all his side and leg, and the air from his + lungs came out of the bullet hole. I rode him at the Second Bull Run, + and at the First and Second Fredericksburg, and at Antietam after + brave 'Joe' was killed, but I shall never mount him again. 'Billy's' + battles are over." + +Just one more instance of the scores of the colossal vanity of Haskell. It +tells how General Meade turned the command of the Army of the Potomac over +to the youthful First Lieutenant of Infantry--Frank Aretas Haskell. It is +to be found on pages 69 and 70 of the Haskell "Narrative." The battle had +ended, and the Napoleon of Gettysburg, while patting himself on the back, +was planting data in his mind for printing in his "Narrative," and thus +Paul planted, and the Apollos of Massachusetts and Wisconsin watered. + + "Would to heaven Generals Hancock and Gibbon could have stood where I + did, and have looked upon that field. But they are both severely + wounded and have been carried from the field. One person did come, + and he was no less than Major-General Meade, who rode up accompanied + alone by his son--an escort not large for a commander of such an + army. As he arrived near me he asked, 'How is it going here?' I + answered, 'I believe, General, the army is repulsed.' With a touch of + incredulity he further asked, 'What! IS THE ASSAULT ENTIRELY + REPULSED?' I replied, 'It is, sir.' And then his right hand moved as + if he would have caught off his hat and waved it, but instead he + waved his hand and said, 'Hurrah!' He asked where Hancock and Gibbon + were, but before I had time to answer that I did not know, he + resumed, 'No matter, I will give my orders to You, and YOU will see + them executed.' He then gave directions that the troops should be + reformed as soon as practicable, and kept in their places, as the + enemy might be mad enough to attack again, adding, 'IF THE ENEMY DOES + ATTACK, CHARGE HIM IN THE FLANKS AND SWEEP HIM FROM THE FIELD--do you + understand?' The General then, a gratified man, galloped in the + direction of his headquarters." + +Of course, General Meade rode back to his headquarters a gratified man. +Had he not just received the information from First Lieutenant Haskell +that the enemy had been "entirely repulsed?" and had not Meade issued an +order to this Wellington of Lee's Waterloo to sweep the enemy from the +field, if he were mad enough to renew the attack, by charging him on the +flanks? General Meade's order to Haskell was so sedately humorous as to +leave us in doubt as to whether the First Lieutenant and his horse alone +were to charge the enemy's flanks, or for Lieutenant Napoleon Wellington +Haskell to order the First, Eleventh and Twelfth Corps to charge his left +flank, and the Third, Fifth and Sixth Corps his right flank, while Haskell +and Dick swept his centre from the field. + +And this is the "narrative" that a Loyal Legion and a History Commission +feel honored in publishing. If the object was to prove that they were just +as vainglorious as Haskell, has not this fact been fully established by +their published books? Vaccinated by the Haskell virus of vanity and +venom, the buffoonery of Haskell has been transmitted by a Military Order +of the Loyal Legion, and the History Commission of a great State, to their +admiring friends and the public. Like Haskell, "A great, magnificent +passion came on them that seemingly sublimed every sense and +faculty--when, great heavens! their senses mad," the Battle of Gettysburg, +by Frank Aretas Haskell, First Lieutenant, Sixth Wisconsin Infantry, was +"published under the auspices of the Commandery of the State of +Massachusetts, Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, +and the Wisconsin History Commission." + +General Roy Stone, of Pennsylvania, commanded the Second Brigade, Third +Division, First Corps, at Gettysburg. Upon receiving serious wounds he +was carried from the field, and Colonel Langhorne Wister, of Philadelphia, +commanding the 150th Pennsylvania Regiment, succeeded to the command of +the Brigade, and the Lieutenant-Colonel took command of the Regiment, and +soon after was shot in the leg, remaining in command until his right arm +was shattered. Carried into an adjacent barn, used temporarily as a +hospital, the flow of blood was stopped by a tourniquet, and the arm +bandaged--occupying about thirty minutes--after which he returned to his +regiment and assumed command, maintaining the line held by it until the +excruciating pain and faintness from shock and loss of blood compelled him +to retire. The next day his arm was amputated at the shoulder. + +For that--perhaps--unprecedented instance of heroism at Gettysburg the +Lieutenant-Colonel of the 150th Pennsylvania was awarded a Congressional +Medal of Honor; he was promoted for bravery on the field of battle, and +this is what he, General Henry S. Huidekoper, of Philadelphia, a member of +the Loyal Legion, Commandery of Pennsylvania, says of Haskell's book: + + "In the first print much of what Haskell said was suppressed, and we + cannot but regret that any of it was made public, for, from a + historical standpoint, the story is inaccurate and misleading, and + from an ethical standpoint it is indecent, venomous, scandalous and + vainglorious." + +And this is the "narrative" that the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of +Massachusetts, and the History Commission of Wisconsin, have recently +published in attractive and costly form, giving the same wide circulation, +unmindful of the fact that thereby they are inflicting irreparable injury +to both the living and the heroic dead. + + +THE PHILADELPHIA BRIGADE. + +Colonel Chas. H. Banes, late President of the Market Street National Bank, +was a typical soldier of the Civil War; he was a leading member of the +Baptist Church in Philadelphia, and was as devout as a Christian as he was +heroic as a Volunteer Soldier. In 1876 Colonel Banes published an +interesting volume, entitled, "History of the Philadelphia Brigade." No +man was as competent as he to write such a history, inasmuch as he had +long been the Adjutant of the Brigade and in possession of all its +records. In his preface to that book Colonel Banes says: + + "The four regiments of the Brigade were composed chiefly of + Volunteers from the city of Philadelphia, and for that reason might + properly be called the Philadelphia Brigade. It consisted of the + 69th, 71st, 72d, and 106th Regiments of Pennsylvania Volunteers. The + command had from the first enrollment until the muster out 350 field, + staff and line officers, and over 6,000 non-commissioned officers and + privates. The officers and men of the regiments were equal in + courage, endurance and discipline to the best commands of the army, + and their soldierly bearing on the march and in battle helped to make + the history of the Army of the Potomac." + +As to the charge of cowardice against a Brigade that lost 3,533 in killed, +wounded, deaths from other causes, and missing, made under the auspices of +Dartmouth College, and the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the +United States, Commandery of Massachusetts, is so positive, so indecent, +so scandalous, so brutal, and so absolutely false, the Philadelphia +Brigade, in formulating a reply to these malicious and infamous +violations of facts, has deemed it proper to submit, as briefly as +possible, extracts from Colonel Banes' "History of the Philadelphia +Brigade," about what the Old Brigade did from the time it received the +order to move from Falmouth, Va., until it met and turned backward the +charge of Pickett's Division at the "Bloody Angle" of Gettysburg, on the +afternoon of July 3, 1863. + + +BANES VERSUS HASKELL. + +That "History of the Philadelphia Brigade," by Colonel Chas. H. Banes, +which records with absolute truthfulness the part taken by the +Philadelphia Brigade from Ball's Bluff to Appomattox, was written with the +calm deliberation and adherence to facts characteristic of the man who +stood foremost among his fellow citizens of Pennsylvania for business +integrity, Christian rectitude, and American manhood and honor, and +sensitive in the highest degree of his honor, and herewith is what that +manly man, comrade and companion, Colonel Chas. H. Banes, Adjutant of the +Philadelphia Brigade, records in his history regarding the battle at the +Bloody Angle of Gettysburg, and the march from Falmouth immediately +preceding that great battle: + + "On Sunday, June 14th, our Division was ordered to move at very short + notice. At about midnight the Second Division, the last of the Army, + moved from Falmouth, obstructing the roads behind the column. At + noon, June 15th, the command reached Stafford Court House, where it + halted two hours; then resuming the march bivouacked at night five + miles from Dumfries. The day was very hot, the roads were filled with + dust, and the march of 28 miles was so oppressive that a number of + the men fell from sunstroke and exhaustion. + + "At about two A. M., on the 16th, the Brigade started from Dumfries, + where we halted a few hours. After taking up the march through Wolf + Run Shoals, Occoquan Creek, we camped for the night on a fine farm + belonging to an old bachelor named Steele, who was very anxious that + we should raise money to pay for the damage to his crops. He did not + succeed, his uninvited guests being ragged and penniless. On the 17th + we reached Sangster's Station, Orange and Alexandria Railroad. Here + the Corps formed in line of battle, facing towards Bull Run. + + "After maneuvering and countermarching the command started on the + 20th through Bull Run and Gainesville to Thoroughfare Gap, where we + arrived at midnight. The last part of the march was very severe, and + in the darkness men frequently stumbled over rocks, and into ditches. + + "The Second Corps remained at this place guarding the pass until the + morning of June 25th. Two miles below this point there was a less + frequented road, but one easy of access, which was effectually + blocked up for some time to come by a detachment from the Brigade, + who were furnished with axes, with which trees were felled in large + numbers and thrown across the road. + + "After leaving Thoroughfare Gap the Division was assailed by a + battery while marching through Hay Market. Before this was silenced a + few of the command were killed and wounded. Passing through Cub Run + the column crossed the Potomac at Edward's Ferry at eleven o'clock on + the night of June 26th. + + "The next day the march was continued beyond Barnestown, Maryland; + and on the 28th our Corps arrived two miles from Frederick, where the + Brigade was ordered to establish a picket covering the right of the + Corps near the Monocacy. + + "On the day of our arrival at this point General Hooker, at his own + request, was relieved from command, and Major-General George G. + Meade, commanding the Fifth Corps, was designated as + Commander-in-Chief in his stead. There were other changes made of + subordinate commanders at the same time. Among these was the + assignment of Brigadier-General Alexander S. Webb to command the + Second Brigade as successor to Brigadier-General Owen. + + "General Webb, although an officer of note in the regular service, + was unknown to the majority of the command, but his force of + character and personal gallantry soon won the regard of the Brigade + to as great an extent as that obtained by any of his predecessors. + + "The advance of the Second Corps was begun early on the morning of + June 29th, and, with but few halts, it was continued throughout the + day. After tramping through the stifling dust under a burning sun, in + heavy marching order, a distance of more than 31 miles, Uniontown was + reached, where the troops remained during the 30th. On July 1st the + advance was again resumed until a point four miles from Gettysburg + was reached, where a halt was made." + +Thus it was the Philadelphia Brigade reached Gettysburg, after marching +about 170 miles from Falmouth to Gettysburg, in mid-summer, under a +blazing sun, with dust ankle-deep, as the rear guard of the Army of the +Potomac, obstructing roads while on the march, silencing batteries of the +enemy, performing picket duty, and doing the rear-guard work for a great +army, and when on the march making from 20 to 30 miles a day--on June 29th +marching more than 31 miles--and on July 1st marching from Uniontown, 20 +miles distant, to within four miles of Gettysburg. On the morning of July +2d, at early dawn, marched a distance of four miles, placed in position at +Cemetery Ridge, and taking part in the second day's battle, as herewith +further described by Colonel Banes: + + "On July 2d, at early dawn, the Corps was moved to the front and + placed in position along Cemetery Ridge, connecting on its right with + the left of Howard's Corps; while the Third Corps, under Sickles, was + ordered to connect on the left and extend to Round Top. + + "The Philadelphia Brigade, before taking its place in line, was + massed on the edge of a wood, near the Taneytown Road, and a field + return was made by the adjutant of each regiment. Out of the entire + number present for duty when General Webb assumed command at + Frederick, there were but 13 men absent without leave; and some of + these, who had given out on the march, rejoined their comrades before + the action. + + "By order of General Gibbon, commanding the Division, the + Philadelphia Brigade was put in position at six and a half o'clock + A. M. on the 2d, on Granite Ridge, on the right of the Division, its + right resting on Cushing's Battery A, Fourth United States Artillery, + and its left on Battery B, First Rhode Island Artillery, Lieutenant + Brown commanding. The 69th Regiment was placed behind a fence, a + little in advance of the ridge, the remaining three regiments of the + Brigade under cover of the hill in the rear. + + "Immediately after assuming this position, a detail, ordered from + each regiment, was advanced as skirmishers beyond the Emmettsburg + Road and parallel with the Confederate line of battle on Seminary + Ridge. This disposition was scarcely completed before the enemy + opened with sharpshooters and artillery. + + "A few hundred yards in front of our line of battle and towards the + left, a farm house and buildings were located. To prevent these + affording cover to the enemy, they were occupied by the Brigade + pioneers, with orders to destroy them upon a signal from General + Webb. During the fight of Sickles the Brigade skirmishers were + engaged for an hour with those of the enemy, both parties suffering + losses, but neither giving ground. This contest was in full view of + the entire Corps, and the manly bearing of their comrades was a + matter of pride to the men of the Philadelphia Brigade. That portion + of the field lying between Granite and Seminary Ridge being an open + plain without trees or shelter, the contests of our skirmishers were + literally a series of duels fought with rifles at an easy range. + + "'The enemy made the assault on the 2d at about six and a half P. M. + Their line of battle advanced beyond one gun of Brown's Battery, + receiving at that point the fire of the 69th, of the 71st, advanced + to the support of the 69th, of the 72d and of the 106th, which had + previously been moved to the left by command of General Hancock. + Colonel Baxter at this time was wounded. The enemy maneuvred and fell + back, pursued by the 106th, 72d and part of the 71st. The 72d and + 106th followed them to the Emmettsburg Road, capturing and sending to + the rear about 250 prisoners, among whom were one colonel, five + captains and fifteen lieutenants.'" + + "The assault, thus officially reported by Webb, was executed with + much celerity, and when the column of the enemy burst forth from the + woods on Seminary Ridge, it seemed but a few moments before the + Emmettsburg Road was crossed, and our skirmishers driven like leaves + before the wind. As the Confederates advanced, Brown's Battery, with + the exception of one gun, was withdrawn to the rear of the 69th. Over + this piece there was a fierce struggle, but the fire of the Brigade + was terribly severe, causing the enemy to hesitate and then fall + back. Those of the Confederates in the lead threw down their guns and + cried out with an oath: 'Get us out of this; it is too hot here.' + + "And now a countercharge was made by the Philadelphia Brigade, along + with those of other Brigades; the assaulting column was rolled back + almost as quickly as it had advanced. The skirmish line was reformed + on its old connection, and shortly after, night coming on, the fight + on our portion of the line was over for the 2d of July. + + "The pioneers in their exposed position were made prisoners by the + enemy, and the guard left by the captors remained at the farm house + with their charge, intending to move to the rear as soon as the heavy + firing was over. This decision was fortunate for our detail, but + unfortunate for the enemy, as the advance of Webb's regiments swept + by the improvised guard house and changed the relation of its + occupants. + + "The 106th Regiment was ordered to report to General Howard, who + placed it on the right of the Baltimore Pike, near Rickett's Battery, + where it remained until the close of the battle. This regiment was + highly complimented by General Howard. + + "On the morning of July 3d the 69th Regiment occupied the same line + at the fence in front of the clump of trees on the ridge that it held + the day before, while the 71st was deployed and connected with its + right. One wing of the 71st was stationed at the fence, while the + other was behind a stone wall to the right and rear. The 72d was held + in reserve, forming a second line to the left of Brown's Battery, and + in the rear of Colonel Hall's Third Brigade. + + "After the contest at Culp's Hill there was a momentary pause in the + operations of both armies. This unusual calm was only broken by an + occasional gun, or the discharge of a sharpshooter's rifle. About one + o'clock, when the men were wondering what the next movement would be + in this great battle, a single Whitworth gun was fired from the + extreme left of Seminary Ridge, a distance of three miles. The bolt + just reached the right of our Brigade. Then at intervals along the + entire line solitary shots were fired, as if intended for signal guns + of preparation. These were quickly followed by others, and in a few + moments there burst forth from the whole Confederate line a most + terrific fire of artillery. One hundred and twenty guns concentrated + their fire on that portion of Meade's position held by the Second + Division, Second Corps. Shell, round shot, Whitworth bolts, and + spherical case were flying over and exploding about us at the same + time. Almost every second ten of these missiles were in the air; + each, as it went speeding on its message of death, indicating its + form by a peculiar sound. The shrieking of shells, or the heavy thud + of round shot, were easily distinguished from the rotary whizzing of + the Whitworth bolt. + + "When these agents of destruction commenced their horrid work, no + portion of the line, from the front to a point far in the rear of the + Taneytown Road, afforded any protection against their fury. Men who + had been struck while serving the guns and were limping towards the + hospital, were frequently wounded again before they had gone a + hundred yards. + + "In spite of the ghastly forms of mangled men and horses, and in + spite of the dismantled guns, exploding limbers, and other scenes of + horror, produced by Lee's attack, the guns of Meade roared back their + defiance; while the infantry, powerless for the moment, rested on + their arms awaiting the bayonet charge they knew was sure to follow. + + "Webb reports: 'By a quarter to three o'clock the enemy had silenced + the Rhode Island Battery, all the guns but one of Cushing's Battery, + and had plainly shown, by his concentration of fire on this and the + Third Brigade, that an important assault was to be expected. I had + sent, at two P. M., the Adjutant-General of the Brigade for two + batteries to replace Cushing's and Brown's. Just before the assault, + Captain Wheeler's First New York Artillery had got into position on + the left in the place occupied by the Rhode Island Battery, which + had retired with the loss of all its officers but one.' + + "When the New York Battery arrived and went into action, Lieutenant + Cushing had but one of his guns left, and it was served by men of the + 71st Regiment. The Lieutenant had been struck by a fragment of shell, + but stood by his piece as calmly as if on parade, and as the + Confederate infantry commenced to emerge from the woods opposite, + Cushing quietly said, 'Webb, I will give them one shot more; + good-bye.' The gun was loaded by the California men, and run down to + the fence near the 69th, and at the moment of the last discharge, + just as the enemy reached the line, the brave Cushing fell mortally + wounded. + + "At three o'clock the enemy's line of battle left the woods in our + front, moved in perfect order across the Emmettsburg Road, formed in + the hollow of our immediate front several lines of battle under a + fire of spherical case-shot from Wheeler's Battery and Cushing's gun, + and advanced for the assault. + + "The Union batteries increased their fire as rapidly as possible, but + this did not for a moment delay the determined advance. The rude gaps + torn by the shells and case-shot were closed as quickly as they were + made. As new batteries opened, the additional fire created no + confusion in the ranks of the enemy; its only apparent effect was to + mark the pathway over the mile of advance with the dead and dying. + None who saw this magnificent charge of Pickett's column, composed of + thousands of brave men, could refrain from admiring its grandeur. As + they approached the rail fence their formation was irregular, and + near the front and centre were crowded together the regimental colors + of the entire division; the scene strangely illustrated the divine + words, 'Terrible as an army with banners.' + + "Now our men close up their ranks and await the struggle. The + Seventy-second, by direction of Webb, is double-quicked from its + position on the left and fills the gap on the ridge where Cushing's + Battery had been in action. Just at this moment Pickett's men reach + the line occupied by the Sixty-ninth and the left companies of the + Seventy-first. General Armistead, commanding the leading brigade, + composed principally of Virginians, in advance of his men, swinging + his hat on his sword, cries out, 'Boys, give them the cold steel!' + Just then the white trefoil on the caps of our men is recognized, and + Armistead's men exclaim, 'The Army of the Potomac! Do they call these + militia?' + + "The final effort for success now commences. The advance companies of + the Seventy-first are literally crowded out of their places by the + enemy, and, with one company of the Sixty-ninth, they form with the + remainder of Colonel Smith's command at the stone fence. At the same + instant Colonel Hall's Third Brigade and the regiments of the First + under Devereaux and other officers, as if by instinct, rush to Webb's + assistance, while Colonel Stannard moves two regiments of the Vermont + Brigade to strike the attacking column in the flank. + + "And now is the moment when the battle rages most furiously. + Armistead, with a hundred and fifty of his Virginians, is inside our + lines; only a few paces from our Brigade Commander, they look each + other in the face. The artillery of the enemy ceases to fire, and the + gunners of their batteries are plainly seen standing on their + caissons to view the result, hoping for success, while Pettigrew's + Division, failing to support Pickett, halts as if terrified at the + scene. This is the soldiers' part of the fight; tactics and + alignments are thrown to one side. No effort is made to preserve a + formation. Union men are intermingled with the enemy, and in some + cases surrounded by them, but refusing to surrender. Rifles, bayonets + and clubbed muskets are freely used, and men on both sides rapidly + fall. + + "This struggle lasts but a few moments, when the enemy in the front + throw down their arms, and rushing through the line of the + Seventy-second, hasten to the rear as prisoners without a guard, + while others of the column who might have escaped, unwilling to risk + a retreat over the path by which they came, surrendered. The battle + is over, the last attack of Lee at Gettysburg is repulsed, and the + highest wave of the Rebellion has reached its farthest limit, ever + after to recede. + + "General Armistead, who was in the Confederate front, fell mortally + wounded, close to the colors of the Seventy-second. One of the men of + that regiment, who was near him, asked permission of the writer (Col. + Chas. H. Banes, Adjutant Philadelphia Brigade), to carry him out of + the battle, saying, 'He has called for help as THE SON OF A WIDOW, an + order was given to take him to an ambulance, and when his revolver + was removed from his belt, it was seen that he had obeyed his own + command, 'to give them the cold steel,' as no shot had been fired + from it. + + "At the close of Gen. Webb's official report he states, 'The Brigade + captured nearly one thousand prisoners and six battle flags, and + picked up fourteen hundred stand of arms and nine hundred sets of + accoutrements. The loss was forty-three officers and four hundred and + fifty-two men, and only forty-seven were missing. The conduct of this + Brigade was most satisfactory.'" + + * * * * * + +Compare the calm, temperate, lucid, truthful and dignified statement of +Colonel Banes, who, as the Adjutant of the Philadelphia (Webb's) Brigade, +was more familiar with its every movement than any officer or private +soldier could possibly be; a statement prepared with deliberation by a +man of mature years, and ripened judgment, with that of the raving, +distracted, ridiculous utterances of the youthful Lieut. Haskell, in his +book said to have been hastily written within two weeks after the battle, +written between his hours of duty, while on the march from Gettysburg back +to Harper's Ferry, written by him while not yet fully recovered from the +delirium of excitement that overcame him in the exalted position he claims +to have assumed, that of Supersedeas Commander of the Army of the Potomac +to annihilate the Confederate Army, in the event of its renewing the +attack. + +It was the author Haskell who asked this question of Lieut. Haskell: + + "Great heavens! were my senses mad?--the larger portion of Webb's + Brigade--my God! it is true, was breaking from the cover of the + works, without order or reason, with no hand uplifted to check them, + was falling back a fear-stricken flock of confusion. A GREAT, + MAGNIFICENT PASSION OVERCAME ME as I met the tide of these rabbits," + and a lot more of such incoherent, disconnected trash, from the young + Lieutenant so OVERCOME WITH A MAGNIFICENT PASSION that the aberration + of mind which followed while writing that narrative was inevitable. + +Col. Banes says, "This struggle lasted but a few moments, when the enemy +in front threw down their arms, and, rushing through the lines of the +Seventy-second hastened to the rear as prisoners without a guard." + +It was these men of Pickett's Division hastening to the rear whom Haskell +met, if ever he met any one fleeing to the rear on that occasion; but +"Great heavens! his senses were mad." A "Magnificent Passion" overcame +him. He was in a delirium of vainglory, and he mistook the defeated +Veterans of Pickett's Division, seeking shelter from impending death, for +the victorious Veterans of the Philadelphia Brigade, and the Military +Order, Loyal Legion, Commandery of Massachusetts, and the History +Commission of Wisconsin, also apparently overcome with a "Magnificent +Passion" for book publishing, reprinted his "Narrative" to the world, as +their adopted waif and heir. + + * * * * * + +It has been asked, what could have been Haskell's object in so perverting +the facts of history relative to the Battle of Gettysburg? Gen. Henry S. +Hindekoper, of Philadelphia, who won high renown in the battle, aptly +answers the question in the statement made by him, wherein he said of +Haskell's "Narrative," that "from a historical standpoint it is inaccurate +and misleading, and from an ethical standpoint it is indecent, venemous, +scandalous and VAINGLORIOUS." + +After describing the first day's fight as minutely as though he had +observed it all from the cupola of the Seminary Building on Seminary +Ridge, Haskell thus seeks to acquit himself from all misstatements by +saying: "Of the events of the first day of July I do not speak from +personal knowledge." + +At two o'clock in the afternoon of July 1st, Haskell was at Taneytown, 13 +miles distant from Gettysburg, and between 8 and 9 o'clock in the evening +the Second Corps was halted four miles south of Gettysburg, where it, and +Lieut. Haskell, biouvacked for the night; therefore--except detracting +from officers and men who rendered heroic service--no glory came to +Haskell on the first day. He "did not see what he thought he saw." + +At early dawn on July 2d Hancock's Corps was moved forward about four +miles, and at 6.30 A. M. was placed in position on Cemetery Ridge. The +Third Division (Hayes), on the right, connecting with the left of Howard's +Eleventh Corps; the First Division (Caldwell's), on the left, connecting +with the right of Sickles, Third Corps, and the Second Division (Gibbon), +in the centre, and Haskell started in early on the second day to catch +fame, and thus, according to his own "Narrative," he succeeded: + + "A bullet entered the chest of my horse, 'Billy,' just in front of my + left leg; a kick from a hitched horse in the dark that would likely + have broken my ankle if it had not been for a very thick boot, but + which did break my temper, and a bullet from a sharp shooter that + hissed by my cheek so close that I felt the movement of the air + distinctly." + +And thus the "Narrative" recites as to the third and last day of the +battle: + + "I had been struck upon the thigh by a bullet which I think must have + glanced and partially spent its force upon my saddle. It had pierced + the thick cloth of my trousers, and two thicknesses of underclothing, + but had not broken the skin, leaving me with an enormous bruise, that + for a time benumbed the entire leg. At the time of receiving it, I + heard the thump, and noticed it, and the hole in the cloth into which + I thrust my finger, and I experienced a feeling of relief when I + found that my leg was not pierced." + +We shudder when we think what might have happened to that leg, if the +bullet, when it saw Haskell, had not so kindly glanced and spent its force +on his saddle before piercing the thick cloth of his breeches, and the two +thicknesses of his underclothing. + +The second and third days brought scant renown to such an ambitious +officer as First Lieut. Haskell, but immortal fame is very chary with her +favors. She tries a man long, and she tries him hard, before wreathing his +brow with the laurel of victory, and fitting him for a niche in the Temple +of Fame. Haskell realized all this at the close of the battle on this +afternoon of July third, and he evidently concluded to create a niche for +himself in the holy of holies by a page or two of romance in his +"Narrative," and so he planned it all out. + +Haskell knew--none better than he--that the Philadelphia Brigade met and +repulsed the brunt of the charge of Pickett's Division, but he would +immortalize himself as a hero by recording in his "Narrative," that the +Brigade broke from the "Bloody Angle" without orders or reason, with no +uplifted hand of Webb, or Banes, or Dennis O'Kane, or Martin Tschudy, or +R. Penn Smith, or Theodore Hesser to check them; that he, Haskell, met +them, "a tide of rabbits," and ordered them to halt, to about face, and to +fire, and hearing his voice they obeyed his command, and he led them back +to glorious victory, and that he--as the one solitary horseman between the +lines, only 40 yards from the enemy--repulsed Longstreet's Corps, and +thereby, therein and thereon ended the great conflict at Gettysburg. + +It was such a ridiculous page of fiction that if Haskell had survived the +vicissitudes of war, he would have eliminated it, and if he died before +the close of the Civil War--as he did--he would trust to luck; he trusted +aright, for a Loyal Legion concluded to continue the fiction, thereby +placing its laurel on Haskell's brow, crowning HIM the Hero of Gettysburg; +and a State History Commission concluded to fill a niche in the Temple of +the Immortals with the name and fame of First Lieutenant Frank Aretas +Haskell, but not until fifty years after the fiction had been written, +when few were left to refute that romance of the most vainglorious soldier +of the Civil War. + + +AN OFFICIAL STATEMENT OF THE LOSS OF THE PHILADELPHIA BRIGADE. + +The total number of officers and men present for duty of the Philadelphia +Brigade, at the Battle of Gettysburg, was 1,573, and the total loss was +491, given in detail, as to regiments in the annexed tables: + +NUMBER PRESENT FOR DUTY + + +---------------+----------+------+-------+ + | REGIMENTS | OFFICERS | MEN | TOTAL | + +---------------+----------+------+-------+ + | General Staff | 4 | -- | 4 | + | 69th | 22 | 312 | 344 | + | 71st | 27 | 366 | 393 | + | 72nd | 26 | 447 | 473 | + | 106th | 30 | 313 | 343 | + | Brigade Band | -- | 16 | 16 | + +---------------+----------+------+-------+ + | Totals | 119 | 1454 | 1573 | + +---------------+----------+------+-------+ + +LOSS OF PHILADELPHIA BRIGADE AND SECOND CORPS AT GETTYSBURG. + + -------+----------------+----------------+----------------+-------- + | | | Captured or | + No. | No. of Killed | No. of Wounded | Missing | Totals + of +----------+-----+----------+-----+----------+-----+-------- + Regt. | Officers | Men | Officers | Men | Officers | Men | + -------+----------+-----+----------+-----+----------+-----+-------- + 69th | 4 | 36 | 8 | 72 | 2 | 15 | 137 + 71st | 2 | 19 | 3 | 55 | 3 | 16 | 98 + 72nd | 2 | 42 | 7 | 139 | -- | 2 | 192 + 106th | 1 | 8 | 9 | 45 | -- | 1 | 64 + -------+----------+-----+----------+-----+----------+-----+-------- + Totals | 9 | 105 | 27 | 211 | 5 | 34 | 491 + -------+----------+-----+----------+-----+----------+-----+-------- + +TOTAL LOSS SECOND CORPS. + + ---------------+-----------------+----------------+------- + | | Captured or | + No. of Killed | No. of Wounded | Missing | Total + ---------+-----+----------+------+----------+-----+------- + Officers | Men | Officers | Men | Officers | Men | + ---------+-----+----------+------+----------+-----+------- + 66 | 731 | 270 | 2923 | 13 | 365 | 4369 + ---------+-----+----------+------+----------+-----+------- + +The following table, furnished by our beloved Comrade, Sylvester Byrne, +was the last letter the Philadelphia Brigade Association ever received +from that noble soul--that Comrade who loved his Regiment and Brigade +with ardent and unfaltering affection. To the very last he was faithful to +and watchful of his Command. The statement was furnished for the purpose +of correcting some errors relative to the actual losses of the +Philadelphia Brigade. The table is printed just as it was given by Comrade +Byrne, and is regarded as his sacred contribution to the Brigade's reply +to Haskell's charge of cowardice: + +TABLE SHOWING THE LOSSES OF THE PHILADELPHIA BRIGADE FROM 1861 TO 1865. + + +--------+--------+---------+---------+---------+--------------+-------+ + | | | | | Died of | Died of | | + | Regt. | Killed | Wounded | Missing | Disease | Other Causes | Total | + +--------+--------+---------+---------+---------+--------------+-------+ + | 69th | 178 | 346 | 185 | 91 | 15 | 815 | + | 71st | 140 | 396 | 330 | 91 | 6 | 963 | + | 72nd | 195 | 558 | 165 | 60 | 10 | 988 | + | 106th | 99 | 416 | 157 | 81 | 14 | 767 | + +--------+--------+---------+---------+---------+--------------+-------+ + | Totals | 612 | 1716 | 837 | 323 | 45 | 3533 | + +--------+--------+---------+---------+---------+--------------+-------+ + +The total loss in killed, wounded and missing of the Philadelphia Brigade +at Gettysburg was over 32 per cent., about one soldier slain to every +three engaged in the battle. Call you this "running like rabbits?" + +The total loss of the Philadelphia Brigade during the Civil War was 3,533, +of which number 545 were killed, wounded and missing at Antietam, the +remaining loss of nearly three thousand was sustained in the 45 +engagements in which the Brigade took part, and yet with the evidence of +this loss, furnished by the United States Government and easily accessible +to all, and on file in the library of the Loyal Legion of Massachusetts, +that Order appears to stand sponsor for a "Narrative" which falsely +proclaimed to the world that the brave men of the Philadelphia Brigade +"ran like rabbits" from Pickett's Division at Gettysburg. + +What more need be said to convince this Military Order of the Loyal Legion +that from the beginning to the end, the Philadelphia Brigade was just as +loyal, just as brave, just as heroic, as they, our comrades, and with this +statement of facts the Association of Survivors of the Philadelphia +Brigade calls upon the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, Commandery of +Massachusetts, and the History Commission of Wisconsin, to retract the +statement made in the volumes published by them during the year 1908, as +to cowardice. + +In meeting and repulsing the charge of Pickett's Division at the Bloody +Angle of Gettysburg, the High Water Mark of the Civil War, the +Philadelphia Brigade gained imperishable fame that will live in history as +long as our country will exist as a nation, and that renown is so +irrevocably fixed in the annals of the War that it can never be impaired +while time itself shall last. + +Since the foregoing reply was formulated, to the charge of cowardice made +under the auspices of the Loyal Legion of Massachusetts, the Philadelphia +Brigade Association has received a book of 185 pages, entitled "The Battle +of Gettysburg, by Frank Aretas Haskell, Wisconsin History Commission, +Reprint No. 1," an edition of 2,500 copies, printed under authority of the +State of Wisconsin. In printing this book these words appear in the +preface: + + "The Wisconsin History Commission has, in accordance with its fixed + policy, reverted to the original edition, which is here presented + entire, exactly as first printed." + +And this is what that "History Commission" records on pages 9 and 10 +regarding the Eleventh Corps: + + "Between three and four o'clock in the afternoon the enemy, now in + overwhelming force, resumed the battle with spirit. The portion of + the Eleventh Corps making but feeble opposition to the advancing + enemy, soon began to fall back. Back in disorganized masses they fled + into the town, hotly pursued, and in lanes, in barns, in yards and + cellars, throwing away their arms, they sought to hide like rabbits, + and were captured, unresisting, by hundreds." + +The Loyal Legion of Massachusetts hadn't the courage to print that +paragraph in their book. + +These regiments formed the Eleventh Corps at Gettysburg: 17th Conn., 82d +Ill., 33d Mass., 41st, 45th, 54th, 58th, 68th, 75th, 119th, 134th, 136th, +154th and 157th New York; 27th, 73d, 74th and 153d Penna.; 25th, 55th, +61st, 73d, 75th, 82d and 107th Ohio, and 26th Wisconsin. How do the +Survivors of these Regiments regard the statement of the History +Commission of Wisconsin, that "they sought to hide like rabbits?" and that +the loss usually sustained by the Eleventh Corps was in prisoners? + +And this is how the great State of Wisconsin, through its History +Commission, maligns General Sickles and President Lincoln, who put upon +General Sickles' shoulders the stars of a Major-General. (Pages 40 and +41.) The Loyal Legion of Massachusetts eliminated the slander against Gen. +Sickles and President Lincoln. + + "General Sickles commenced to advance his whole corps, from the + general line, straight to the front, with a view to occupy the second + ridge, along and near the road. What his purpose could have been is + past conjecture. It was not ordered by General Meade, as I heard him + say, and he disapproved as soon as it was made known to him. Generals + Hancock and Gibbon, as they saw the move in progress, criticised its + propriety sharply, as I know, and foretold quite accurately what + would be the result. I suppose the truth probably is that General + Sickles supposed he was doing for the best; but he was neither born + nor bred a soldier. But one can scarcely tell what may have been the + motives of such a man, a politician, and some other things, exclusive + of the BARTON KEY affair, a man after show and notoriety, and + newspaper fame, and the adulation of the mob, there is a grave + responsibility on those in whose hands are the lives of ten thousand + men; AND ON THOSE WHO PUT STARS ON MEN'S SHOULDERS, TOO! Bah! I + kindle when I see some things I have to see. + + "It is understood in the Army that the President thanked the slayer + of Barton Key for SAVING THE DAY at Gettysburg. Does the country know + any better than the President that Meade, Hancock and Gibbon were + entitled to some little share of such credit?" + +It is inconceivable that the great State of Wisconsin would in any way +lend herself to the dissemination of what is not only untrustworthy, but +absolutely scandalous, malevolent and false information, except it was +done in ignorance of facts. It is still more inconceivable that the Loyal +Legion of Massachusetts, soldiers themselves, would act as sponsors or in +any way help, aid or assist in depriving fellow soldiers of the honors +fairly and bravely won in a battle where their loss was 491 of a total of +less than 1,500 men, except they had given no heed to the statements +before publication. + +We believe that the State of Wisconsin and the Loyal Legion of +Massachusetts can do no less as American citizens and soldiers than to +promptly disclaim all responsibility for the statements set forth in +Lieut. Haskell's book. For however good Haskell's record as a soldier is, +yet the fact must clearly appear to every intelligent mind that a man who +would speak falsely of his superior officers and even go so far--at least +in one case (Sickles)--as to bring to life out of the long dead past, a +sad, sad epoch, which was no fault of his--displays in such writing a +spirit unworthy of any American; and his self laudation of what he +did--would cause anyone who was ever on a field of battle to use one of +Haskell's expressions, "Bah." + +A refusal to make this public disclaimer we feel would place both the +State of Wisconsin and Loyal Legion of Massachusetts in a position which, +to say it very mildly, would be the reverse of creditable, and put them in +the attitude of sharing the ridicule and contempt which the narrative of +Lieutenant Haskell deserves. + + + + +NOTES, CORRESPONDENCE AND REMARKS. + +NOTE NO. 1. + + +This letter from General Alex. S. Webb is made a part of this paper: + + NEW YORK MONUMENTS COMMISSION + BATTLE FIELDS OF GETTYSBURG AND + CHATANOOGA + RIVERDALE-ON-HUDSON + NEW YORK. + +September 7, 1909. + +My dear Frazier: + +I could not find your address, but I had Dampman's, and wrote to him to +try and obtain action on Haskell's book which is now circulated by the +thousands to take from our Brigade and its Commander all the glory and +reputation we acquired at the Bloody Angle of Gettysburg. + +So make it certain that our answer to the Massachusetts Commandery be +strong and clear. What Haskell wrote he wrote in ignorance. He paraded +with the stragglers and prisoners behind a fighting Brigade and thought +he was leading a Division. + +Now, Frazier, let this denial of Haskell's claim be strong and yet +courteous. He is dead. Gibbon is dead. Hancock dead. What a time to +proclaim this falsehood. + + Sincerely yours, + (Signed) ALEX. S. WEBB, + Brevet Maj. General, U. S. A. + + +NOTE NO. 2. + +WHAT LINCOLN SAID. + +It was Abraham Lincoln who said at the dedication of the National Cemetery +at Gettysburg: + +"But in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we +cannot hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled +here, have consecrated it far above our power to add or detract. The world +will little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never +forget what they did here." + +And yet the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, Commandery of +Massachusetts, and the Wisconsin History Commission, in so far as they +authorized, or are responsible for the publication of the Haskell +"Narrative" of the Battle of Gettysburg, are surely, surely doing what +they can to detract from what the living and the dead did there. + + +NOTE NO. 3. + +FOR CAREFUL CONSIDERATION. + +A typewritten copy of this reply of the Philadelphia Brigade Association, +before being placed in the hands of the printer, was sent to the Military +Order of the Loyal Legion, Commandery of Massachusetts; to the Wisconsin +History Commission, and to the Governor of Wisconsin, asking if they had +any explanation to make as to the statements contained in Haskell's +"Narrative," advising them that we would gladly give it in our printed +book. + +As yet no reply has been received from the Loyal Legion of Massachusetts, +and for this grave discourtesy we are at a loss to account, unless it be +that after consideration the facts submitted did not warrant them in +defending the position in which they were placed, and to acknowledge +themselves in error would, to some extent, at least, stultify themselves. + +The Governor of Wisconsin, who is an ex-officio member of the Wisconsin +History Commission, writes under date of February 24, 1910, scarcely +referring at all to the matter under consideration, i. e., the conduct of +the Philadelphia Brigade in the Battle of Gettysburg. He does, however, +say that the purpose of the Commission is to publish such material as from +considerations of rarity or general excellence it is deemed desirable to +disseminate. Haskell's book certainly comes under one of these classes. We +do not believe that among any writings of either Union men or Confederates +in all the United States, such a rare book as Haskell's can be found. The +Governor of Wisconsin says that Haskell in his story to his brother puts +down in his letter "what he saw, or thought he saw." + +It would seem that comment on this is useless. That history should be what +the writer "saw, OR THOUGHT HE SAW," is at least novel. + +Chas. E. Estabrook, a Comrade of the Grand Army, and its representative on +the Wisconsin History Commission, and its chairman, under date of February +17, 1910, while writing a somewhat lengthy letter, neglects, also, to +write of the matter under consideration, but says, among other things: + + "The subject of the criticism of the Eleventh Corps, by Haskell, in + his account of Gettysburg, was considered by me, and I contemplated + writing notes, OR GIVING THE LATER, AND WHAT I THINK THE MORE + ACCURATE VIEW. I, however, concluded, in view of the rule which we + adopted, to have the other and later account of the Battle of + Gettysburg prepared by a Wisconsin man, from the Wisconsin point of + view, and some months ago asked a staff officer, who served in that + Corps, to write an account of the Eleventh Corps at Gettysburg, which + he consented to do. This will be published as soon as practicable + after the same is delivered to the Commission." + +It would seem from this that Chairman Estabrook, Past Department +Commander, of Wisconsin, Grand Army of the Republic, does not believe the +statement made by Haskell in his "Narrative," and that it is necessary to +have another book published to state truthfully what the Eleventh Corps +did. It would seem that it is also needless to make any comment on the +position taken by Comrade Estabrook, Chairman of the Wisconsin History +Commission. It is to be hoped that this staff officer's book will be +written from the stand-point of what he saw, and not from what he thought +he saw. + + +THE HISTORY COMMISSION'S VIEW. + +Reuben G. Thwaites, Secretary and Editor of the Wisconsin History +Commission, speaking for the Commission, writes thus: + + "OPINIONS, OR ERRORS OF FACT, on the part of the respective authors + represented, both in original narratives and in reprints issued by + the Commission HAVE NOT, NOR WILL THEY BE MODIFIED BY THE LATTER. For + all statements of whatever character, the author alone is + responsible. + + "Could any plainer statement than the foregoing be phrased in the + English language, to indicate that this Commission certainly does + not endorse whatever criticisms may have contemporaneously been + offered by Lieutenant Haskell?" + +As the question has been asked us we reply: As Haskell has been dead for +more than 45 years, and the foul slanders were made public by the +Wisconsin History Commission in November, 1908, defaming President +Lincoln, Generals Sickles, Howard, Doubleday, Barlow, Schurz, Geary, Webb, +Banes and other officers, and thousands of brave soldiers, it certainly +does look to the Comrades of the Philadelphia Brigade as though the +Wisconsin History fully endorsed everything that Haskell wrote. Just how +the Corps, Brigade and Regimental Associations, Grand Army Posts, Loyal +Legion Commanderies, public libraries, the newspaper press, and others to +whom this "Reply" will be sent will regard the actions of the Wisconsin +Commission and the Massachusetts Loyal Legion has yet to be determined. + +Writing further, Secretary and Editor Thwaites says: + + "If Haskell's account was worth reprinting at all (and we thought it + well worth doing), the only course open to us, as historians, was to + present it just as it was originally issued, and not in the + emasculated form adopted by the Dartmouth editor, and the + Massachusetts Loyal Legion; changes of such character in a + contemporary document are unwarranted, and utterly ruin it as + historical material." + +As this seems to be a question of ethics between history makers, it is up +to the Dartmouth editor, and the Massachusetts Loyal Legion to satisfy the +Wisconsin Commission why the unwarranted emasculation was made of the +Haskell "Narrative." + +The Wisconsin History Commission concludes its letter of explanation and +excuse to the Philadelphia Brigade Association in these words: + + "In reprinting various other rare Wisconsin Civil War material, as we + intend to do, it may happen that the original authors thus selected + for treatment have criticised certain commands; it certainly would + not tend to smooth the path of the Commission if each such command + was thereupon to pass condemnatory resolutions. WE shall certainly + hope to be spared such treatment." + +In reprinting the Haskell "Narrative" the Wisconsin History Commission +invited the criticism it justly deserves, and must expect to receive; and +in their reprints in the future, if it permits their authors to criticise +other commands--as they intend to do--They cannot escape the condemnatory +resolutions they hope to be spared. + +The Man of Nazareth said: Give, and it shall be given unto you; good +measure, pressed down, and running over, shall men give into your bosom. +For with the same measure that ye mete, withal it shall be measured to you +again. + + +LETTER FROM MAJOR ROBERTS. + +The following letter, under date of May 15, 1877, was written by Major +Samuel Roberts, of the 72d Regiment, Pa. Vols., to a Comrade and friend: + + "Webb's Brigade was composed of the 69th, 71st, 72d and 106th + Pennsylvania Regiments; the 106th Regiment had been sent to the right + to reinforce Gen. Howard, leaving the other three Regiments of the + Brigade to receive the shock of Pickett's advance. + + "The Brigade was not entrenched, nor driven back and rallied by Webb. + The left wing of the 71st Regiment fell back a few yards; the 69th + maintained their position, as did the right wing of the 71st. The + 72d, which held a position to the left, and a short distance to the + rear of the Brigade, moved by the right flank about one hundred + yards, and came to a front about sixty yards in front of Armistead's + Confederate Brigade. Armistead fell only a few yards in front of the + 72d Regiment. + + "With the exception of a slight change of position of the left wing + of the 71st Regiment, the Brigade not only held its position, but + advanced and captured several colors, and the prisoners taken + exceeded in number what was left of the Brigade, which lost nearly + fifty per cent. in killed and wounded--the killed and wounded of the + 72d was over fifty per cent. + + "Cushing's Battery, which was attached to the Brigade, was served + until men were not left sufficient to work the guns. Cushing obtained + volunteers from the Brigade, who served the guns until Cushing was + killed. + + "Webb's Brigade, called the Philadelphia Brigade, was originally + commanded by Col. E. D. Baker, who was killed at Ball's Bluff. It was + the Second Brigade, Second Division, Second Corps, Army of the + Potomac, and forms the prominent feature in Rothermel's painting of + the Battle of Gettysburg." + + +NOTE NO. 5. + +GETTYSBURG BATTLE FIELD DISPATCHES. + +From official dispatches sent from Headquarters, Army of the Potomac, to +the War Department, during the progress of the third day's fighting, which +were given out to the Associated Press about midnight, being held back +until assured that the Union Army was victorious. + + "Gettysburg, July 3d, 3 P. M.--A great attack is now being made on + our left center by a powerful column of Rebels. We can see them + advancing in hosts. Their lines are half a mile in length. They have + to march a mile before they can strike a line. All of our artillery + has now opened on them and we can see them falling by hundreds. In a + few minutes they will strike our line, and the fight will be at close + quarters." + + "Gettysburg, July 3d, 4.30 P. M.--We have won a great victory. The + fight is over and the Rebel lines hurled back in wild disorder. + Longstreet's whole Corps seems to have been swept away, from our + fire. The field is covered with Rebel dead. Wild cheers ring out from + every part of our lines. Thousands of Rebel prisoners are being + brought in. Sheaves of battle flags and thousands of small arms are + being gathered in by our men. The rejoicing among our men is + indescribable." + + "Gettysburg, July 3d, 5 P. M.--Our victory is more complete than we + could dare hope for. An immense column of the enemy, at least 20,000 + strong, attacked our left center and were utterly destroyed by our + fire. The column consisted of Longstreet's Corps, and but few of them + are left. Nearly all were either killed, wounded, or are now + prisoners in our hands. I hear that Hancock, Gibbon and Webb are + severely wounded. The Philadelphia Brigade is almost destroyed. They + met the most violent rush of the enemy and lost terribly. Col. + O'Kane, of the 69th, is killed, and there is hardly a field officer + left in the Brigade." + + "Gettysburg, July 3d, 10 P. M.--Our victory grows more complete as we + get time to realize its magnitude. It looks as though nearly all of + Longstreet's Corps had been destroyed. The field in front of the + Second Corps, where the brunt of the attack fell, is covered with + Rebel dead. In front of the Philadelphia Brigade they lie in great + piles. Hundreds of Rebel officers are among the fallen. Gen. + Armistead, of Pickett's Division, fell within our lines. He was shot + through the body and is now dying. The Rebel Generals Garnet and + Kemper, fell in front of the 69th and 71st Pennsylvania Volunteers. + All the field officers of the former Regiment are killed. The + slaughter on both sides has indeed been frightful. Our men are busy + gathering in the wounded, many of whom must die during the night for + want of proper attention." + + +NOTE NO. 6. + +LETTER FROM AN INTIMATE FRIEND OF LIEUTENANT HASKELL. + + Philadelphia, Pa., Feb. 19, 1910. + + "I am in receipt of your favor and note what you say about the + extract from the book published by the Wisconsin History Commission + relative to the description of the Battle of Gettysburg, by Col. + Haskell. It confirms what I stated in my letter to the "Public + Ledger" in September last. My daughter, who resides in Milwaukee, has + sent me a copy of the book that you mention. I knew Col. Haskell + intimately and was confident from the intimation that I possessed + that had Col. Haskell lived to see the end of the Civil War he would + have modified his description of the battle, as compared to that + shown in the publication made by the Loyal Legion of Massachusetts. + + Yours very truly, + W. YATES SELLECK." + +Mr. Selleck was the military agent at Washington for the State of +Wisconsin. The remains of Col. Haskell were forwarded to Mr. Selleck, at +Washington, D. C., who sent them by express, on June 7, 1864, to Haskell's +mother, at Portage City, Wisconsin. In Mr. Selleck's letter to the "Public +Ledger" of Philadelphia, under date of September 21, 1909, he said: "I was +intimately acquainted with Haskell and had several conversations with him +after the Battle of Gettysburg in regard to that battle, and I have good +reason for stating that had Haskell lived until the close of the War the +criticisms contained in his diary would not have been made public." + + +NOTE NO. 7. + +THE CONCLUDING NOTE. + +What amusing history makers the Companions of the Loyal Legion of +Massachusetts and the Comrades of the Wisconsin History Commission are. +The State of Wisconsin enacted a law creating a History Commission, and +straightway it begins printing very costly books, which they claim to be +"histories of great battles of the Civil War," one of which "histories" +the Governor of Wisconsin sententiously says: "Is what the author saw, OR +THOUGHT HE SAW"; and because of its inaccuracy the chairman of that +History Commission contemplated correcting by himself, "writing notes +giving the more accurate view," but instead engaged a staff officer, who +really saw what he thought he saw, to write a book correcting the +inaccuracies that Chairman and Comrade Estabrook himself contemplated +doing; and in the meantime the Secretary and Editor of the Commission +"intends reprinting other rare Wisconsin Civil War material," regardless +of the supremely ridiculous opinions or errors of facts of the authors, +thereby continuing to hold the State of Wisconsin responsible for the +ridicule and expense that attach to such so-called histories, one of which +a distinguished officer of the Civil War pithily characterizes as +"inaccurate, misleading, indecent, venomous, scandalous and vainglorious." + + * * * * * + + CAPT. EDWARD THOMPSON, 69th. + CAPT. JOHN D. ROGERS, 71st. + JOHN W. DAMPMAN, 71st. + THOS. H. EATON, 72d. + FRANK WEIBLE, 72d. + WM. H. NEILER, 106th. + JAMES THOMPSON, 106th. + + Committee on Publication. + + + + +Transcriber's Notes: + +The following misprints have been corrected: + "Haskell'" corrected to "Haskell's" (page 3) + "nitche" corrected to "niche" (page 26) + "criticims" corrected to "criticisms" (page 41) + +Other than the corrections listed above, inconsistencies in spelling and +hyphenation have been retained from the original. + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Reply of the Philadelphia Brigade +Association to the Foolish and Absurd Narrative of Lieutenant Frank A. 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