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diff --git a/33080-h/33080-h.htm b/33080-h/33080-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..928d5d0 --- /dev/null +++ b/33080-h/33080-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,2407 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> + <head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" /> + <title> + The Project Gutenberg eBook of A Letter from Mr. Cibber to Mr. Pope, by Colley Cibber. + </title> + <style type="text/css"> + + p {margin-top: .75em; text-align: justify; margin-bottom: .75em;} + + body {margin-left: 12%; margin-right: 12%;} + + .pagenum {position: absolute; left: 92%; font-size: smaller; text-align: right; font-style: normal;} + + h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {text-align: center; clear: both;} + + hr {width: 33%; margin-top: 2em; margin-bottom: 2em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; clear: both;} + + table {margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;} + + .blockquot {margin-left: 5%; margin-right: 10%;} + .poem {margin-left:15%; margin-right:10%;} + .poem2 {margin-left:5%; margin-right:10%;} + .note {margin-left: 20%; margin-right: 20%;} + + .right {text-align: right;} + .center {text-align: center;} + + .smcap {font-variant: small-caps;} + .smcaplc {text-transform: lowercase; font-variant: small-caps;} + + .figcenter {margin: auto; text-align: center;} + + .dropfig {float: left; clear: left; margin: 0 2px 0 0;} + + a:link {color:#0000ff; text-decoration:none} + a:visited {color:#6633cc; text-decoration:none} + + .spacer {padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em;} + + ins.correction {text-decoration:none; border-bottom: thin solid gray;} + + .gesp {letter-spacing: 0.2em; margin-right: -0.2em;} + + </style> + </head> +<body> + + +<pre> + +Project Gutenberg's A Letter from Mr. Cibber to Mr. Pope, by Colley Cibber + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: A Letter from Mr. Cibber to Mr. Pope + +Author: Colley Cibber + +Release Date: July 5, 2010 [EBook #33080] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LETTER--MR. CIBBER TO MR. POPE *** + + + + +Produced by Chris Curnow, Joseph Cooper and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net. + + + + + + +</pre> + + + +<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/cover.jpg" alt="" /></div> +<p> </p><p> </p><p> </p> +<p class="center">To<br /><big>H. T. Swedenberg, Junior</big></p> +<p class="center"><big><i>founder</i>, <i>protector</i>, <i>friend</i></big></p> +<p> </p> +<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/i_001.jpg" alt="He that delights to Plant and Set, Makes After-Ages in his Debt." /></div> +<p> </p> +<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="5" summary="poem"> +<tr><td><span class="smcap">Where</span> could they find another formed so fit,<br /> +To poise, with solid sense, a sprightly wit?<br /> +Were these both wanting, as they both abound,<br /> +Where could so firm integrity be found?</td></tr></table> + +<p> </p><p> </p> +<p class="note">The verse and emblem are from George Wither, <i>A Collection of Emblems, +Ancient and Modern</i> (London, 1635), illustration xxxv, page 35.</p> + +<p class="note">The lines of poetry (123-126) are from “To My Honoured Kinsman John +Driden,” in John Dryden, <i>The Works of John Dryden</i>, ed. Sir Walter +Scott, rev. and corr. George Saintsbury (Edinburgh: William Patterson, +1885), xi, 78.</p> + +<p> </p><p> </p><p> </p> +<h4><span class="smcap">The Augustan Reprint Society</span></h4> +<p> </p> +<h3>COLLEY CIBBER</h3> +<p> </p> +<h3>A</h3> +<h1><span class="gesp">LETTER</span></h1> +<h3>FROM</h3> +<h1>Mr. <span class="gesp"><i>CIBBER</i></span></h1> +<h3>TO</h3> +<h1>Mr. <span class="gesp"><i>POPE</i></span></h1> +<p> </p> +<p class="center">(1742)</p> +<p> </p> +<p class="center"><i>Introduction by</i><br /> +<span class="smcap">Helene Koon</span></p> +<p> </p> +<p class="center"><span class="smcaplc">PUBLICATION NUMBER 158</span><br /> +<span class="smcaplc">WILLIAM ANDREWS CLARK MEMORIAL LIBRARY</span><br /> +<span class="smcap">University of California, Los Angeles</span><br />1973</p> + + +<p> </p><p> </p> +<hr style="width: 50%;" /> + +<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="5" summary="editors"> +<tr><td>GENERAL EDITORS</td></tr> +<tr><td>William E. Conway, William Andrews Clark Memorial Library<br /> +George Robert Guffey, University of California, Los Angeles<br /> +Maximillian E. Novak, University of California, Los Angeles<br /> +David S. Rodes, University of California, Los Angeles</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td>ADVISORY EDITORS</td></tr> +<tr><td>Richard C. Boys, University of Michigan<br /> +James L. Clifford, Columbia University<br /> +Ralph Cohen, University of Virginia<br /> +Vinton A. Dearing, University of California, Los Angeles<br /> +Arthur Friedman, University of Chicago<br /> +Louis A. Landa, Princeton University<br /> +Earl Miner, Princeton University<br /> +Samuel H. Monk, University of Minnesota<br /> +Everett T. Moore, University of California, Los Angeles<br /> +Lawrence Clark Powell, William Andrews Clark Memorial Library<br /> +James Sutherland, University College, London<br /> +H. T. Swedenberg, Jr., University of California, Los Angeles<br /> +Robert Vosper, William Andrews Clark Memorial Library<br /> +Curt A. Zimansky, State University of Iowa</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td>CORRESPONDING SECRETARY</td></tr> +<tr><td>Edna C. Davis, William Andrews Clark Memorial Library</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td>EDITORIAL ASSISTANT</td></tr> +<tr><td>Jean T. Shebanek, William Andrews Clark Memorial Library</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td>Typography by Wm. M. Cheney</td></tr></table> + + +<p> </p><p> </p> +<hr style="width: 50%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_i" id="Page_i">[Pg i]</a></span></p> +<h2>INTRODUCTION</h2> + +<p>In the twentieth century, Colley Cibber’s name has become synonymous +with “fool.” Pope’s <i>Dunciad</i>, the culmination of their long quarrel, +has done its work well, and Cibber, now too often regarded merely as a +pretentious dunce, has been relegated to an undeserved obscurity.</p> + +<p>The history of this feud is replete with inconsistencies.<small><a name="f1.1" id="f1.1" href="#f1">[1]</a></small> The image +Cibber presents of himself as a charming, good-natured, thick-skinned +featherbrain is as true as Pope’s of himself as a patient, humorous, +objective moralist. Each picture is somewhat manipulated by its creator. +The reasons behind the manipulation are less matters of outright untruth +than of complex personalities disclosing only what they regard as +pertinent. Cibber, the actor, always tries to charm his audience; Pope, +the satirist, proffers those aspects best suited to his moral purpose.</p> + +<p>Although the fact of their differences is evident in Pope’s writings +after 1730, explanations of the cause, continuation and climax tend to +be muddled. The cause generally cited is Cibber’s story in the Letter +concerning <i>Three Hours after Marriage</i> and <i>The Rehearsal</i>. This is not +only a one-sided version, it is not even strongly substantiated. As +Norman Ault pointed out, it was not reported in any of the periodicals +at a time when such incidents were seized upon by journalists hungry for +gossip.<small><a name="f2.1" id="f2.1" href="#f2">[2]</a></small> The only confirmation aside from Cibber is Montagu Bacon’s +letter to his cousin James Montagu, which gives a slightly less +vivacious account:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>‘I don’t know whether you heard, before you went out of town, that +<i>The Rehearsal</i> was revived ... and Cibber interlarded it with +several things in ridicule of the last play, upon which Pope went +up to him and told him he was a rascal, and if he were able he +would cane him; that his friend Gay was a proper fellow, and if he +went on in his sauciness he might expect such a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_ii" id="Page_ii">[Pg ii]</a></span> reception from +him. The next night Gay came accordingly, and, treating him as Pope +had done the night before, Cibber very fairly gave him a fillip on +the nose, which made them both roar. The Guards came and parted +them, and carried away Gay, and so ended this poetical scuffle.’<small><a name="f3.1" id="f3.1" href="#f3">[3]</a></small></p></div> + +<p>A more likely cause is the second story in the <i>Letter</i>, the visit to +the bawdy house. If, as Ault goes on to suggest, there is even a shadow +of truth in it, Pope’s attitude, as well as his reluctance to reveal its +cause, is understandable. The question then becomes: why did he +continually provoke Cibber, knowing the latter had such a story at hand? +This, however, might not be so illogical as it appears. Pope’s work in +the thirties abounds in sneers at the actor, but none of them is equal +in scale to the full attack launched against Theobald. In comparison +with the 1735 portraits of Atticus and Sporus, the comments on Cibber +are minor barbs that could be ignored by a man whose reputation was +secure in its own right. Cibber evidently believed he was in such a +position, for he offered no defense before 1740, and took no offensive +action before 1742.</p> + +<p>The “wicked wasp of Twickenham” is supposed to have meditated long and +fiendishly before bursting forth against his enemies, yet the <i>Dunciad</i> +of 1728 reveals no evidence of long fermentation. The choice of Theobald +as king of the Dunces obviously derives from <i>Shakespeare Restored; or a +Specimen of the many errors as well committed as unamended by Mr. Pope, +in his late edition of that Poet</i> (1726). Theobald’s remarks on Pope’s +slipshod editing of Shakespeare are not couched in diplomatic terms, and +would be especially galling if Warburton’s note is true:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>During two whole years while Mr. Pope was preparing his Edition of +Shakespear, he publish’d Advertisements, requesting assistance, and +promising satisfaction to any who could contribute to its greater +perfection. But this Restorer, who was at that time solliciting +favours of him by letters, did wholly conceal his design, till +after its publication: (which he was since not asham’d to own, in a +<i>Daily Journal</i>, of Nov. 26, 1728.)<small><a name="f4.1" id="f4.1" href="#f4">[4]</a></small></p></div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_iii" id="Page_iii">[Pg iii]</a></span>Pedantic, unimaginative and presumptuous, Theobald was the logical +choice for a Dunce King in 1728. Dennis, Ducket, Burnet, Gildon <i>et +cie.</i>, had assailed him for years, and the prompt responses by +Scriblerus merely increased their fury. Pope bore as many undeserved +blows as Cibber, and he was no model of patience; the intense +hostilities waged against him in the twenties were ample cause for an +epic answer.<small><a name="f5.1" id="f5.1" href="#f5">[5]</a></small></p> + +<p>Pope claimed he attacked only those who had attacked him. It seems +strange that, among the inimical host who had indulged in verbal +violence, he should have revised his satire against the one man who had +not contributed to the paper war, and who had, in his <i>Apology</i>, made +humble acknowledgment of Pope’s gifts: “How terrible a Weapon is Satyr +in the hands of a great Genius?” Cibber asks, remarking on Pope’s acid +portrait of Addison, and adds:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>But the Pain which the Acrimony of those Verses gave me is, in some +measure, allay’d in finding that this inimitable Writer, as he +advances in Years, has since had Candour enough to celebrate the +same Person for his visible Merit. Happy Genius! whose Verse, like +the Eye of Beauty, can heal the deepest Wounds with the least +Glance of Favour.<small><a name="f6.1" id="f6.1" href="#f6">[6]</a></small></p></div> + +<p>Even stranger is that with such eminent and vocal enemies as Lord Hervey +and Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, he should have been concerned with a +seventy-year-old semi-retired player who was too ineffectual, it would +appear, to be a proper target for his great satire, and whose words in +print could never have been a real threat.</p> + +<p>The words “in print” are important, especially with reference to Cibber. +As far as direct attack in the form of broadsides, pamphlets and the +like, Cibber is clearly innocent; however, like many actors, he was an +expert improvisator of stage dialogue, and this in itself is a reason to +believe that his side of the feud was kept up from the theater platform. +A more potent and public method of ridicule would be difficult to +devise.</p> + +<p>Stage warfare was as prevalent as paper warfare, as Cibber’s mockery of +<i>Three Hours after Marriage</i> suggests, and as<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_iv" id="Page_iv">[Pg iv]</a></span> the prologues and +epilogues amply demonstrate. <i>The Non-Juror</i> (1719) with its +anti-Catholic remarks and its Jesuit villain played by Cibber himself, +has several barbs directed at Pope.<small><a name="f7.1" id="f7.1" href="#f7">[7]</a></small></p> + +<p>If Pope’s wounds had been festering since 1715, he had a perfect +opportunity to avenge them in the <i>Dunciad Variorum</i> of 1729. When Gay’s +<i>Polly</i> was suppressed that year, Cibber was accused of being +responsible (though it was never proved),<small><a name="f8.1" id="f8.1" href="#f8">[8]</a></small> since he had first refused +<i>The Beggar’s Opera</i>, and then failed miserably to imitate its success +with his own <i>Love in a Riddle</i>. He was at this time more widely known +than Theobald, and had been a favorite target for anti-Hanoverians since +<i>The Non-Juror</i>.<small><a name="f9.1" id="f9.1" href="#f9">[9]</a></small> It is very odd that Pope should have ignored this +chance, particularly when so many of his dunces are playwrights, only to +take it up fourteen years later under much less favorable +circumstances—when he himself was mortally ill and Cibber out of the +public eye—unless something else had provoked him.</p> + +<p>One view is that the laureateship triggered the alteration, but while it +is true that Cibber was one of the worst versifiers ever to wear the +bays, that honor had been conferred in 1730, thirteen years before the +last <i>Dunciad</i>. The flood of burlesque Odes that followed each of +Cibber’s Birth-Day and New-Year efforts had ebbed by the mid-thirties, +and in 1743 the laureate was a stale joke.</p> + +<p>The <i>Apology</i>’s praise of Pope did not benefit Cibber; years before the +<i>Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot</i> had stated:</p> + +<p class="poem">A Fool quite angry is quite innocent;<br /> +Alas! ’tis ten times worse when they repent (108-109).</p> + +<p>and the minor slap on the wrist was misquoted by Pope, as the <i>Letter</i> +points out. The exchange is interesting, for it is an indication that +the man behind the actor’s mask might have been less thick-skinned than +he liked to seem, that he was <ins class="correction" title="original: geniunely">genuinely</ins> hurt by Pope’s shafts.</p> + +<p>Cibber did not mind being portrayed as a fool. That, after all was the +character he had created as Sir Novelty Fashion in <i>Love’s Last Shift</i> +(1696), and which he continued to play in public throughout his life. +But a charge of immorality did bother him, for he was anxious to be +considered a moral man. Apparently he was—his enemies charged him with +gambling, highhandedness and plagiarism, but his life seems to have +been<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_v" id="Page_v">[Pg v]</a></span> surprisingly free of the kind of scandal that plagued most +theatrical personalities. His plays embody the materialistic +middle-class values which he champions in his later prose writings, and +of all Pope’s arrows, “And has not Colley still his lord and whore?”<small><a name="f10.1" id="f10.1" href="#f10">[10]</a></small> +seems to have struck deepest. It may be significant that the bawdy house +story follows close upon Cibber’s plaintive remonstrance against this +line.</p> + +<p>As long as Cibber was in his own territory, he could answer Pope orally, +but when he at last decided to reply in print, he was at a distinct +disadvantage. The actor has a notorious disregard for the written word; +his own experience on stage tells him that what is being said has less +impact than the manner in which it is delivered. Cibber’s lack of +concern for language had been well publicized. His comment that Anne +Oldfield “Out-did her usual Out-doing”<small><a name="f11.1" id="f11.1" href="#f11">[11]</a></small> was never allowed to rest, +and Fielding rarely missed an opportunity to use Cibber’s “paraphonalia” +against him; that the most merciless parody of his Odes could scarcely +sink to the depths of the originals, did not deter the efforts of the +parodists.<small><a name="f12.1" id="f12.1" href="#f12">[12]</a></small></p> + +<p>He was not entirely insensible of his weaknesses. The second edition of +<i>The Provoked Husband</i> was silently changed to “Out-did her usual +Excellence,” and the spelling of paraphernalia corrected. Dr. Johnson’s +testimony supports this view of Cibber’s seriousness:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>His friends gave out that he <i>intended</i> his birth-day Odes should +be bad: but that was not the case, Sir; for he kept them many +months by him, and a few years before he died he shewed me one of +them, with great solicitude to render it as perfect as might be, +and I made some corrections, to which he was not very willing to +submit.<small><a name="f13.1" id="f13.1" href="#f13">[13]</a></small></p></div> + +<p>His unwillingness to take Johnson’s advice might be more than mere +egotism, if the Ode was the same one mentioned elsewhere in the <i>Life</i>, +“I remember when he brought me one of his Odes to have my opinion of it, +I could not bear such nonsense, and would not let him read it to the +end; so little respect had I for <i>that great man</i>! (laughing.).”<small><a name="f14.1" id="f14.1" href="#f14">[14]</a></small></p> + +<p>The laureateship marked only one of several changes in Cibber’s life. In +1730, the triumvirate of actor-managers and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_vi" id="Page_vi">[Pg vi]</a></span> their leading lady, a +quartet which had supported Drury Lane through its most prosperous +years, was broken by the death of Anne Oldfield; Wilks followed in 1732, +and Booth, too ill to perform for two years, in 1733. Cibber’s royal +appointment meant a sure annual income of £100 (plus a butt of sack +worth £26), his children were grown, and he could afford some freedom +from the demands of the theater at last. He continued to act, but with +lessening frequency, until 1746, when as Cardinal Pandulph in his own +<i>Papal Tyranny in the Reign of King John</i>, he played the last role of a +career spanning more than half a century.</p> + +<p>By 1740, he was far enough removed from the theater to have a slightly +different perspective on language. The <i>Apology</i> betrays a concern for +his reputation beyond the immediate audience, and the need to leave a +written record other than his plays. Cibber had written prefaces and +dedications, but from this point on, he was to pursue his nondramatic +writing with <i>The egoist; or, Colley upon Cibber Being His Own Picture +retouch’d, to so plain a Likeness, that no One, now, would have the Face +to own it, but Himself</i> (1743); <i>The lady’s lecture, a theatrical +dialogue, between Sir Charles Easy and his marriageable daughter. Being +an attempt to engage obedience by filial liberty, and to given the +maiden conduct of virtue, chearfulness</i> (1748); and <i>The Character and +Conduct of Cicero</i> (1749), which Davies defends:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>A player daring to write upon a known subject without a college +permission, was a shocking offense; and yet Dr. Middleton, to whom +the conduct of Cicero was addressed, spoke of it with respect; and +Mr. Hooke, the writer of the best Roman History in our language, +has quoted Cibber’s arguments in this [his?] pamphlet against the +murderers of Julius Caesar, and speaks of them, not only with +honour, but insists upon them as cogent and unanswerable.<small><a name="f15.1" id="f15.1" href="#f15">[15]</a></small></p></div> + +<p>Cibber seems to have become more and more aware of the written word as a +powerful legacy, and Pope’s attacks began to hold a menace they had not +had during the years of lighthearted stage warfare. On 20 March 1742, + +the <i>New Dunciad</i> struck<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_vii" id="Page_vii">[Pg vii]</a></span> him with enough force to cause him to reply +with this open <i>Letter</i> of 7 July, which attracted a great deal of +attention.<small><a name="f16.1" id="f16.1" href="#f16">[16]</a></small> Four engravings and at least six pamphlets, all focusing +on the bawdy house story, were shortly in circulation. Whether or not +the story is true, or whether it was even believed, is immaterial. Its +importance lies in that it allowed Pope’s enemies to have at him in the +most devastating way. The <i>Letter</i> may well have been as painful as +Jonathan Richardson, Jr. claimed when he told Dr. Johnson that</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>he attended his father, the painter, on a visit to Twickenham when +one of Cibber’s pamphlets had just come into Pope’s hands. ‘These +things are my diversion,’ said Pope. They sat by him while he read +it, and saw his features writhing with anguish. After the visitors +had taken their leave, young Richardson said to his father that he +‘hoped to be preserved from such diversion as had been that day the +lot of Pope.’<small><a name="f17.1" id="f17.1" href="#f17">[17]</a></small></p></div> + +<p>If so, the other attacks must have been shattering, since they lacked +even the surface good humor of Cibber’s <i>Letter</i>. Pope, at any rate, was +concerned enough to tell Spence:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>The story published by Cibber, as to the main point, is an absolute +lie. I do remember that I was invited by Lord Warwick to pass an +evening with him. He carried me and Cibber in his coach to a +bawdy-house. There was a woman there, but I had nothing to do with +her of the kind that Cibber mentions, to the best of my memory—and +I had so few things of that kind ever on my hands that I could +scarce have forgot it, especially so circumstanced as he +pretends.<small><a name="f18.1" id="f18.1" href="#f18">[18]</a></small></p></div> + +<p>An answer to the <i>Letter</i> was demanded, and it was not long in coming. +In August/September, Pope wrote his friend Hugh Bethel concerning a copy +of the <i>New Dunciad</i> he had sent him:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>That poem has not done me, or my Quiet, the least harm; only it +provokd Cibber to write a very foolish & impudent Letter, which I +have no cause to be sorry for,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_viii" id="Page_viii">[Pg viii]</a></span> & perhaps next Winter I shall be +thought to be glad of: But I lay in my Claim to you, to Testify for +me, that if he should chance to die before a New & Improved Edition +of the Dunciad comes out, I have already, actually written (before, +& not after his death) all I shall ever say about him.<small><a name="f19.1" id="f19.1" href="#f19">[19]</a></small></p></div> + +<p>A Cibber-baiting campaign was undertaken by the poet’s friends, and the +actor responded with <i>The egoist</i>, in which he defended himself, as in +his <i>Apology</i>, by freely admitting his flaws with infuriating +complacency. Then a false leaf of the last <i>Dunciad</i> came into his hands +(though certainly not directly from Pope), and he published a second, +very brief, letter which indicated some stress. Pope knew, and at least +tacitly approved, of these tactics, for in February of 1743, he wrote +Lord Marchmont:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I won’t publish the fourth <i>Dunciad</i> as ’tis newset till +Michaelmas, that we may have time to play Cibber all the while.... +He will be stuck, like the man in the almanac, not deep, but all +over. He won’t know which way to turn himself to. Exhausted at the +first stroke, and reduced to passion and calling names, so that he +won’t be able to write more, and won’t be able to bear living +without writing.<small><a name="f20.1" id="f20.1" href="#f20">[20]</a></small></p></div> + +<p><ins class="correction" title="original: Copywright">Copyright</ins> difficulties not mentioned by Pope prevented the Michaelmas +publication date, but on 29 October 1743, the final <i>Dunciad</i> appeared +with its new hero, for all the world to see.</p> + +<p>Cibber kept his promise to “have the last word.” <i>Another Letter from +Mr. Cibber to Mr. Pope</i> followed the publication of this <i>Dunciad</i>, +stating his grievances with somewhat less humor, a number of +scatological references, and an accusation against Warburton for +instigating the change. Included was a twenty-page aside on the +offending Bishop, revealing a startlingly thorough knowledge of his +writings. This was the end. Cibber’s friends were eager for him to keep +up his side of the battle, but he, having had his say, resumed his +good-humor and refused to speak out again.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_ix" id="Page_ix">[Pg ix]</a></span>It has been suggested that Pope may have planned the change in hero +earlier, and aimed the <i>New Dunciad</i> with the express purpose of goading +Cibber into just such a reply as the <i>Letter</i>. This is, of course, +possible, but it cannot be more than speculation; the final <i>Dunciad</i> +does show evidence of hasty revision. Pope was <ins class="correction" title="original: severly">severely</ins> ill when his +last variation on the dunce theme appeared, and the seven months of life +remaining to him were clearly not enough to permit him to polish it to +the level of perfection customary in his work. But, as Warburton once +noted, quality and posterity have awarded Pope the final say:</p> + +<p class="poem">Quoth Cibber to Pope, Tho’ in Verse you foreclose,<br /> +I’ll have the last Word; for by G—, I’ll write prose.<br /> +Poor Colly, thy Reas’ning is none of the strongest,<br /> +For know, the last Word is the Word that lasts longest.<small><a name="f21.1" id="f21.1" href="#f21">[21]</a></small></p> + +<p>Cibber’s words have not been reprinted since the eighteenth century, and +his reputation has become so distorted it is sometimes difficult to find +the man who, for so many years, amused and delighted London audiences. +Yet, if one looks closely, under the froth and foppery, some of the +charm and perception of the man still shines through. And, of more +importance to the world of literature, it seems fairly clear that, +whatever the original offense, the <i>Dunciad</i> as we know it today was a +direct result of this <i>Letter</i>.</p> + +<p>California State College<br /> +San Bernardino</p> + + +<p> </p><p> </p> +<hr style="width: 50%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_x" id="Page_x">[Pg x]</a></span></p> +<h2>NOTES TO THE INTRODUCTION</h2> + +<p><a name="f1" id="f1" href="#f1.1">[1]</a> Not even the winner of the contest has been beyond dispute. 150 +years afterward, Robert W. Lowe, “Supplementary Chapter to Colley +Cibber’s Apology” in his edition of <i>An Apology for the Life of Colley +Cibber, Comedian, and Late Patentee of the Theatre-Royal</i> (London: J. C. +Nimmo, 1889), II, 270, remarks on Cibber’s later years: “His [Cibber’s] +state of mind was probably the more ‘chearful and contented’ because of +his unquestionable success in his tilt with the formidable author of +‘The Dunciad;’ a success none the less certain at the time, that the +enduring fame of Pope has caused Cibber’s triumph over him to be lost +sight of now.”</p> + +<p><a name="f2" id="f2" href="#f2.1">[2]</a> Norman Ault, <i>New Light on Pope</i> (London: Methuen, 1949), pp. +298-307.</p> + +<p><a name="f3" id="f3" href="#f3.1">[3]</a> George Paston [Emily Morse Symmonds], <i>Mr. Pope His Life and Times</i> +(London: Hutchinson & Co., 1909), I, 197.</p> + +<p><a name="f4" id="f4" href="#f4.1">[4]</a> Alexander Pope, <i>Works</i>, ed. William Warburton (London: J. and P. +Knapton, 1751), V, 86 (Book I, line 108). Griffith 643. This is a note +to the variations on lines 108ff: “But chief in BAYS’S monster-breeding +breast” and the wording is slightly altered from the earlier note quoted +in the Twickenham edition, V, 75, <i>Dunciad</i> (A), Book I, line 106n.</p> + +<p><a name="f5" id="f5" href="#f5.1">[5]</a> J. V. Guerinot, <i>Pamphlet Attacks on Alexander Pope 1711-1744</i> (New +York: New York University Press, 1969), lists 15 pamphlets between 1724 +and the publication of the first <i>Dunciad</i>, but he does not include the +frequent newspaper comments.</p> + +<p><a name="f6" id="f6" href="#f6.1">[6]</a> Cibber, I, 38-39.</p> + +<p><a name="f7" id="f7" href="#f7.1">[7]</a> William H. Peterson, “Pope and Cibber’s <i>The Non-Juror</i>” MLN, LXX +(May, 1955), 332-335. Three instances are given:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>1. Maria, the coquette, quotes <i>The Rape of the Lock</i> with great +relish. The praise is in the wrong mouth.</p> + +<p>2. Maria speaks slightingly of her English version of Homer. Pope’s +last volume had just come out.</p> + +<p>3. Dr. Wolf refers to “Eloisa and Abelard” in his second attempt to +seduce Lady Woodvil. The argument is twisted out of context.</p></div> + +<p>These elements, combined with the strong anti-Catholic sentiment, would +certainly point attention toward Pope, and, in any case, were not +calculated to please him.</p> + +<p><a name="f8" id="f8" href="#f8.1">[8]</a> See R. H. Barker, <i>Mr. Cibber of Drury Lane</i> (New York: Columbia +University Press, 1939), p. 151.</p> + +<p><a name="f9" id="f9" href="#f9.1">[9]</a> Cibber’s supposition that Pope wrote the <i>Clue to the Non-Juror</i> has +subsequently been established as correct. See Ault, pp. 303-313.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xi" id="Page_xi">[Pg xi]</a></span><a name="f10" id="f10" href="#f10.1">[10]</a> <i>Epistle to Arbuthnot</i>, 97. It should be noted here that Cibber +misquotes the line, a failing habitual to him. The anonymous pamphlet, +<i>A Blast upon Bays; or, a New Lick at the Laureat</i>, which appeared +shortly after the Letter, points out rather severely the difference in +meaning between Cibber’s “too” and Pope’s “still”, maintaining a +mistress twenty years after the events, <i>A Blast</i> is as heated in +defense of Pope as it is in attack against Cibber, but it offers no +evidence; aside from Pope’s original line, it is the only charge of this +kind among contemporary attacks.</p> + +<p><a name="f11" id="f11" href="#f11.1">[11]</a> Colley Cibber, <i>The Provoked Husband</i> (London, 1728), Preface.</p> + +<p><a name="f12" id="f12" href="#f12.1">[12]</a> Two examples from the Birth-day Odes will give some idea of the +Cibberian quality:</p> + +<p class="poem">Her Fleets, that now the Seas command,<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Were late upon her Forests growing;</span><br /> +Her wholesome Stores, for every Band,<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 1em;">As late within her Fields were sowing. (1741)</span><br /> +<br /> +Behold! in clouds of fire serene,<br /> +The royal hero heads his pow’rs:<br /> +Alike to fame, with raptures seen,<br /> +His younger hope, the eaglet soars.<br /> +Fortune, to grace her fav’rite son,<br /> +Stamps on his bleeding form renown. (1743)</p> + +<p><a name="f13" id="f13" href="#f13.1">[13]</a> James Boswell, <i>Life of Johnson</i>, ed. George Birkbeck Hill, rev. L. +F. Powell (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1934), I, 402.</p> + +<p><a name="f14" id="f14" href="#f14.1">[14]</a> Boswell, II, 92-93.</p> + +<p><a name="f15" id="f15" href="#f15.1">[15]</a> Thomas Davies, <i>Memoirs of the Life of David Garrick, Esq.</i> +(London, 1780), II, 202.</p> + +<p><a name="f16" id="f16" href="#f16.1">[16]</a> In the Twickenham Edition of <i>The Dunciad</i> (London: Methuen, 2nd +ed. rev., 1953, pp. xxxiii-xxxiv and (B) 341), James Sutherland refers +to line 20 (“Soft on her lap her Laureat son reclines”) and holds that +Cibber’s answer may have been less a protest than a warning. In <i>The New +Dunciad</i> (1742), however, the footnote to this line expands the satire, +quotes from the <i>Apology</i> and is a sharper attack than the line itself.</p> + +<p><a name="f17" id="f17" href="#f17.1">[17]</a> Paston, I, 687.</p> + +<p><a name="f18" id="f18" href="#f18.1">[18]</a> Joseph Spence, <i>Observations, Anecdotes and Characters of Books and +Men</i>, ed. James M. Osborn (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1966), I, 110 (no. +251).</p> + +<p><a name="f19" id="f19" href="#f19.1">[19]</a> Alexander Pope, Correspondence, ed. George Sherburn (Oxford: Oxford +University Press, 1956), IV, 415.</p> + +<p><a name="f20" id="f20" href="#f20.1">[20]</a> Spence, I, 148-149 (no. 331).</p> + +<p><a name="f21" id="f21" href="#f21.1">[21]</a> Pope, <i>Works</i>, V. 89 (Book I, line 109n). This verse appears in +the Twickenham edition, V, 276, as a note to <i>Dunciad</i> (B) Book I, line +104.</p> + + +<p> </p><p> </p> +<hr style="width: 50%;" /> +<h2>BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE</h2> + +<p class="note">The facsimile of <i>A Letter from Mr. Cibber to Mr. Pope</i> (1742) is +reproduced by permission from a copy of the first edition (Shelf Mark: +114527) in <i>The Huntington Library, San Marino, California</i>. The total +type-page (p. 47) measures 165 x 85 mm.</p> + + +<p> </p><p> </p><p> </p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[Pg 1]</a></span></p> + +<h3>A</h3> +<h1><span class="gesp">LETTER</span></h1> +<h3>FROM</h3> +<h1>Mr. <span class="gesp"><i>CIBBER</i></span></h1> +<h3>TO</h3> +<h1>Mr. <span class="gesp"><i>POPE</i></span></h1> + +<p class="center"><strong>Price One Shilling.</strong></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">[Pg 2]</a></span></p> + + + +<p> </p><p> </p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[Pg 3]</a></span></p> + +<h3>A</h3> +<h1><span class="gesp">LETTER</span></h1> +<h3>FROM</h3> +<h1>Mr. <span class="gesp"><i>CIBBER</i></span></h1> +<h3>TO</h3> +<h1>Mr. <span class="gesp"><i>POPE</i></span></h1> +<p> </p> +<p class="center">Inquiring into the <span class="gesp"><span class="smcap">Motives</span></span> that might<br /> +induce him in his <span class="gesp"><span class="smcap">Satyrical Works</span></span>,<br /> +to be so frequently fond of<br /> +Mr. <span class="gesp"><span class="smcap">Cibber’s</span></span> Name.</p> +<p> </p> +<p class="center"><i>Out of thy own Mouth will I judge thee.</i><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 16em;">Pref. to the <i>Dunciad</i>.</span></p> +<p> </p><p> </p> +<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/i_019.jpg" alt="" /></div> +<p> </p><p> </p> +<p class="center"><span class="gesp"><i>LONDON</i></span>,<br /> +Printed: And Sold by <span class="gesp"><span class="smcap">W. Lewis</span></span> in<br /> +<i>Russel-Street, Covent-Garden</i>.<br /> +M DCC XLII.<br /> +Price 1s.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[Pg 4]</a></span></p> + + + +<p> </p><p> </p><p> </p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</a></span></p> +<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/i_021top.jpg" alt="" /></div> +<p> </p> +<h3>A</h3> +<h1><span class="gesp">LETTER</span></h1> +<h3>TO</h3> +<h1>Mr. <span class="gesp"><i>POPE</i></span>, &c.</h1> +<p> </p> + +<p><big><strong><span class="gesp"><i>SIR</i></span>,</strong></big></p> + +<p><span class="dropfig"><img src="images/capa.jpg" alt="A" /></span>s you have for several Years past (particularly in your Poetical Works) +mentioned my Name, without my desiring it; give me leave, at last, to +make my due Compliments to <i>Yours</i> in Prose, which I should not choose +to do, but that I am really driven to it (as the Puff in the Play-Bills +says) <i>At the Desire of several Persons of Quality</i>.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[Pg 6]</a></span>If I have lain so long stoically silent, or unmindful of your satyrical +Favours, it was not so much for want of a proper Reply, as that I +thought they never needed a Publick one: For all People of Sense would +know, what Truth or Falshood there was in what you have said of me, +without my wisely pointing it out to them. Nor did I choose to follow +your Example of being so much a Self-Tormentor, as to be concern’d at +whatever Opinion of me any publish’d Invective might infuse into People +unknown to me: Even the Malicious, though they may like the Libel, don’t +always believe it. But since the Publication of your last new <i>Dunciad</i> +(where you still seem to enjoy your so often repeated Glory of being +bright upon my Dulness) my Friends now insist, that it will be thought +Dulness indeed, or a plain Confession of my being a Bankrupt in Wit, if +I don’t immediately answer those Bills of Discredit you have drawn upon +me: For, say they, your dealing with him, like a Gentleman, in your +<i>Apology for your own Life</i>, &c. you see, has had no sensible Effect +upon him, as appears by the wrong-headed Reply his Notes upon the new +<i>Dunciad</i> have made to it: For though, in that <i>Apology</i> you seem to +have<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</a></span> offer’d him a friendly release of all Damages, yet as it is plain +he scorns to accept it, by his still holding you at Defiance with fresh +Abuses, you have an indisputable Right to resume that Discharge, and may +now, as justly as ever, call him to account for his many bygone Years of +Defamation. But pray, Gentlemen, said I, if, as you seem to believe, his +Defamation has more of Malice than Truth in it, does he not blacken +himself by it? Why then should I give myself the trouble to prove, what +you, and the World are already convinc’d of? and since after near twenty +Years having been libell’d by our Daily-paper Scriblers, I never was so +hurt, as to give them one single Answer, why would you have me seem to +be more sore now, than at any other time?</p> + +<p>As to those dull Fellows, they granted my Silence was right; yet they +could not but think Mr. <i>Pope</i> was too eminent an Author to justify my +equal Contempt of him; and that a Disgrace, from such a Pen, might stick +upon me to Posterity: In fine, that though I could not be rouz’d from my +Indifference, in regard to myself, yet for the particular Amusement of +my Acquaintance, they desired I would enter the Lists with you; +notwithstanding I<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</a></span> am under the Disadvantage of having only the blunt +and weak weapon of Prose, to oppose you, or defend myself, against the +Sharpness of Verse, and that in the Hand of so redoubted an Author as +Mr. <i>Pope</i>.</p> + +<p>Their spiriting me up to this unequal Engagement, I doubt is but an ill +Compliment to my Skill, or my Discretion; or, at best, seems but to put +me upon a level with a famous Boxer at the <i>Bear-Garden</i>, called <i>Rugged +and Tough</i>, who would stand being drubb’d for Hours together, ’till +wearying out his Antagonist by the repeated Labour of laying him on, and +by keeping his own Wind (like the <i>Roman</i> Combatant of old, who +conquer’d by seeming to fly) honest <i>Rugged</i> sometimes came off +victorious. All I can promise therefore, since I am stript for the +Combat, is, that I will so far imitate this Iron-headed Hero (as the +<i>Turks</i> called the late King of <i>Sweden</i>) as always to keep my Temper, +as he did his Wind, and that while I have Life, or am able to set Pen to +Paper, I will now, Sir, have the last Word with you: For let the Odds of +your Wit be never so great, or its Pen dipt in whatever Venom it may, +while I am conscious you can say nothing truly of me, that ought to put +an honest Man to the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</a></span> Blush, what, in God’s Name, can I have to fear +from you? As to the Reputation of my Attempts, in Poetry, that has taken +its Ply long ago, and can now no more be lessened by your coldest +Contempt, than it can be raised by your warmest Commendation, were you +inclin’d to give it any: Every Man’s Work must and will always speak +<i>For</i>, or <i>Against</i> itself, whilst it has a remaining Reader in the +World. All I shall say then as to that Point, is, that I wrote more to +be Fed, than be Famous, and since my Writings still give me a Dinner, do +you rhyme me out of my Stomach if you can. And I own myself so contented +a Dunce, that I would not have even your merited Fame in Poetry, if it +were to be attended with half the fretful Solicitude you seem to have +lain under to maintain it; of which the laborious Rout you make about +it, in those Loads of Prose Rubbish, wherewith you have almost smother’d +your <i>Dunciad</i>, is so sore a Proof: And though I grant it a better Poem +of its Kind, than ever was writ; yet when I read it, with those +vain-glorious encumbrances of Notes, and Remarks, upon almost every Line +of it, I find myself in the uneasy Condition I was once in at an Opera,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</a></span> +where sitting with a silent Desire to hear a favourite Air, by a famous +Performer, a Coxcombly Connoisseur, at my Elbow, was so fond of shewing +his own Taste, that by his continual Remarks, and prating in Praise of +every Grace and Cadence, my Attention and Pleasure in the Song was quite +lost and confounded.</p> + +<p>It is almost amazing, that you, who have writ with such masterly Spirit, +upon the <i>Ruling Passion</i>, should be so blind a Slave to your own, as +not to have seen, how far a low Avarice of Praise might prejudice, or +debase that valuable Character, which your Works, without your own +commendatory Notes upon them, might have maintained. <i>Laus propria +sordet</i>, is a Line we learn in our Infancy. How applicable to your self +then is what you say of another Person, <i>viz.</i></p> + +<p class="poem"><i>Whose Ruling Passion is the lust of Praise;<br /> +Born, with whate’er could win it from the Wise,<br /> +Women and Fools must like him, or he dies.</i><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 17em;">Epist. to Ld. <i>Cobham</i> Vers. 183.</span></p> + +<p>How easily now can you see the Folly in another, which you yourself are +so fond of? Why, Sir, the very Jealousy of Fame, which (in the best +cruel Verses that ever fell from your Pen) you have with so much +Asperity reproved in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</a></span> <i>Addison</i> (<i>Atticus</i> I mean) falls still short of +yours, for though you impute it to him as a Crime, That he could——</p> + +<p class="poem"><i>Bear, like the</i> Turk, <i>no Brother near the Throne.</i><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 17em;">Vers. 190 of the same Epist.</span></p> + +<p>Yet you, like outragious <i>Nero</i>, are for whipping and branding every +poor Dunce in your Dominions, that had the stupid Insolence not to like +you, or your Musick! If this is not a greater Tyranny than that of your +<i>Atticus</i>, at least you must allow it more ridiculous: For what have you +gain’d by it? a mighty Matter! a Victory over a parcel of poor Wretches, +that were not able to hurt or resist you, so weak, it was almost +Cowardice to conquer them; or if they actually <i>did</i> hurt you, how much +weaker have you shewn yourself in so openly owning it? Besides, your +Conduct seems hardly reconcileable to your own Opinion: For after you +have lash’d them (in your Epistle to Dr. <i>Arburthnot</i>, ver. 84.) you +excuse the Cruelty of it in the following Line.</p> + +<p class="poem"><i>———Take it for a Rule,<br /> +No Creature smarts so little as a Fool.</i></p> + +<p>Now if this be true, to what purpose did you correct them? For wise Men, +without your<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</a></span> taking such Pains to tell them, knew what they were +before. And that publick-spirited Pretence of your only chastising them, +<i>in terrorem</i> to others of the same malicious Disposition, I doubt is +but too thin a Disguise of the many restless Hours they have given you. +If your Revenge upon them was necessary, we must own you have amply +enjoy’d it: But to make that Revenge the chief Motive of writing your +<i>Dunciad</i>, seems to me a Weakness, that an Author of your Abilities +should rather have chosen to conceal. A Man might as well triumph for +his having kill’d so many silly Flies that offended him. Could you have +let them alone, by this time, poor Souls, they had been all peaceably +buried in Oblivion! But the very Lines, you have so sharply pointed to +destroy them, will now remain but so many of their Epitaphs, to transmit +their Names to Posterity: Which probably too they may think a more +eligible Fate than that of being totally forgotten. Hear what an Author +of great Merit, though of less Anxiety for Fame, says upon this +Weakness,</p> + +<p class="poem"><i>Fame is a Bubble, the Reserv’d enjoy,<br /> +Who strive to grasp it, as they touch, destroy.</i><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 17em;">Y— Univers. Passion.</span></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</a></span>In a word, you seem in your <i>Dunciad</i>, to have been angry at the rain +for wetting you, why then would you go into it? You could not but know, +that an Author, when he publishes a Work, exposes himself to all +Weathers. He then that cannot bear the worst, should stay at home, and +not write at all.</p> + +<p>But Sir—That <i>Cibber</i> ever murmured at your Fame, or endeavoured to +blast it, or that he was not always, to the best of his Judgment, as +warm an Admirer of your Writings as any of your nearest Friends could +be, is what you cannot, by any one Fact or Instance, disprove. How comes +it then, that in your Works you have so often treated him as a Dunce or +an Enemy? Did he at all intrench upon your Sovereignty in Verse, because +he had now and then written a Comedy that succeeded? Or could not you +bear, that any kind of Poetry, but that, to which you chiefly pretended, +should meet with Applause? Or was it, that he had an equal Reputation +for Acting his own Characters as for Writing them, or that with such +inferior Talents he was admitted to as good Company as you, with your +superior, could get into; or what other offensive Merit had he, that has +so often made him the Object of your Contempt or Envy? It could<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[Pg 14]</a></span> not be, +sure, simple Ill-nature, that incited you, because in the Preface to +your <i>Dunciad</i> you declare that you have———</p> + +<p class="blockquot">“In this Poem attacked no Man living, who had not before printed, +or published some Scandal against you.”</p> + +<p>How comes it, I say, that you have so often fallen foul upon <i>Cibber</i> +then, against whom you have no Complaint, nor whose Name is so much as +mentioned in the printed List you have given us of all those high +Offenders, you so imperiously have proscribed and punish’d. Under this +Class at least, you acquit him of having ever provoked you?</p> + +<p>But in your Notes, to this Preface (that is, in your Notes upon Notes) +from this general Declaration, you make an Exception,—“Of two, or three +Persons only, whose Dulness or Scurrility all Mankind agreed, to have +justly intitled them to a Place in the <i>Dunciad</i>.” Here then, or no +where, you ground your Pretence of taking Me into it! Now let us enquire +into the Justness of this Pretence, and whether Dulness in one Author +gives another any right to abuse him for it? No sure! Dulness can be no +Vice or Crime, or is at worst but a Misfortune, and you ought<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</a></span> no more +to censure or revile him for it, than for his being blind or lame; the +Cruelty or Injustice will be evidently equal either way. But if you +please I will wave this part of my Argument, and for once take no +advantage of it; but will suppose Dulness to be actually Criminal, and +then will leave it to your own Conscience, to declare, whether you +really think I am generally so guilty of it, as to deserve the Name of +the Dull Fellow you make of me. Now if the Reader will call upon My +Conscience to speak to the Question, I do from my Heart solemnly +declare, that I don’t believe you <i>do</i> think so of me. This I grant may +be Vanity in me to say: But if what I believe is true, what a slovenly +Conscience do you shew your Face with?</p> + +<p>Now, Sir, as for my Scurrility, when ever a Proof can be produced, that +I have been guilty of it to you, or any one Man living, I will +shamefully unsay all I have said, and confess I have deserv’d the +various Names you have call’d me.</p> + +<p>Having therefore said enough to clear my self of any Ill-will or Enmity +to Mr. <i>Pope</i>, I should be glad he were able equally to acquit himself +to Me, that I might not<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[Pg 16]</a></span> suppose the satyrical Arrows he has shot at me, +to have flown from that Malignity of Mind, which the talking World is so +apt to accuse him of. In the mean while, it may be worth the trouble to +weigh the Truth, or Validity of the Wit he has bestow’d upon me, that it +may appear, which of us is the worse Man for it; He, for his unprovoked +Endeavour to vilify and expose me, or—I, for my having or having not +deserv’d it.</p> + +<p>I could wish it might be observed then, by those who have read the Works +of Mr. <i>Pope</i>, that the contemptuous Things he there says of me, are +generally bare positive Assertions, without his any sort of Evidence to +ground them upon: Why then, till the Truth of them is better prov’d, +should they stand for any more, than so many <i>gratis Dictums</i>? But I +hope I have given him fairer Play, in what I have said of him, and which +I intend to give him, in what I shall farther say of him; that is, by +saying nothing to his Disadvantage that has not a known Fact to support +it. This will bring our Cause to a fair Issue; and no impartial Reader, +then, can be at a loss on which side Equity should incline him to give +Judgment. But as in this Dispute I shall be oblig’d, sometimes to be +<i>Witness</i>, as well as<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[Pg 17]</a></span> <i>Accuser</i>, I am bound, in Conscience, not to +conceal any Fact, that may possibly mitigate, or excuse the resentful +manner, in which Mr. <i>Pope</i> has publickly treated me. Now I am afraid, +that I once as publickly offended him, before a thousand Spectators; to +the many of them, therefore, who might be Witnesses of the Fact, I +submit, as to the most competent Judges, how far it ought, or ought not, +to have provoked him.</p> + +<p>The Play of the <i>Rehearsal</i>, which had lain some few Years dormant, +being by his present Majesty (then Prince of <i>Wales</i>) commanded to be +revived, the Part of <i>Bays</i> fell to my share. To this Character there +had always been allow’d such ludicrous Liberties of Observation, upon +any thing new, or remarkable, in the state of the Stage, as Mr. <i>Bays</i> +might think proper to take. Much about this time, then, <i>The Three Hours +after Marriage</i> had been acted without Success; when Mr. <i>Bays</i>, as +usual, had a fling at it, which, in itself, was no Jest, unless the +Audience would please to make it one: But however, flat as it was, Mr. +<i>Pope</i> was mortally sore upon it. This was the Offence. In this Play, +two Coxcombs, being in love with a learned Virtuoso’s Wife, to get +unsuspected Access to her, ingeniously<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[Pg 18]</a></span> send themselves, as two +presented Rarities, to the Husband, the one curiously swath’d up like an +<i>Egyptian</i> Mummy, and the other slily cover’d in the Paste-board Skin of +a Crocodile: upon which poetical Expedient, I, Mr. <i>Bays</i>, when the two +Kings of <i>Brentford</i> came from the Clouds into the Throne again, instead +of what my Part directed me to say, made use of these Words, viz. “Now, +Sir, this Revolution, I had some Thoughts of introducing, by a quite +different Contrivance; but my Design taking air, some of your sharp +Wits, I found, had made use of it before me; otherwise I intended to +have stolen one of them in, in the Shape of a <i>Mummy</i>, and t’other, in +that of a <i>Crocodile</i>.” Upon which, I doubt, the Audience by the Roar of +their Applause shew’d their proportionable Contempt of the Play they +belong’d to. But why am I answerable for that? I did not lead them, by +any Reflection of my own, into that Contempt: Surely to have used the +bare Word <i>Mummy</i>, and <i>Crocodile</i>, was neither unjust, or unmannerly; +Where then was the Crime of simply saying there had been two such things +in a former Play? But this, it seems, was so heinously taken by Mr. +<i>Pope</i>, that, in the swelling of his Heart, after the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[Pg 19]</a></span> Play was over, he +came behind the Scenes, with his Lips pale and his Voice trembling, to +call me to account for the Insult: And accordingly fell upon me with all +the foul Language, that a Wit out of his Senses could be capable +of———How durst I have the Impudence to treat any Gentleman in that +manner? <i>&c. &c. &c.</i> Now let the Reader judge by this Concern, who was +the true Mother of the Child! When he was almost choked with the foam of +his Passion, I was enough recover’d from my Amazement to make him (as +near as I can remember) this Reply, <i>viz.</i> “Mr. <i>Pope</i>——You are so +particular a Man, that I must be asham’d to return your Language as I +ought to do: but since you have attacked me in so monstrous a Manner; +This you may depend upon, that as long as the Play continues to be +acted, I will never fail to repeat the same Words over and over again.” +Now, as he accordingly found I kept my Word, for several Days following, +I am afraid he has since thought, that his Pen was a sharper Weapon than +his Tongue to trust his Revenge with. And however just Cause this may be +for his so doing, it is, at least, the only Cause my Conscience can<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[Pg 20]</a></span> +charge me with. Now, as I might have concealed this Fact, if my +Conscience would have suffered me, may we not suppose, Mr. <i>Pope</i> would +certainly have mention’d it in his <i>Dunciad</i>, had he thought it could +have been of service to him? But as he seems, notwithstanding, to have +taken Offence from it, how well does this Soreness of Temper agree with +what he elsewhere says of himself?</p> + +<p class="poem"><i>But touch me, and no Minister so sore.</i><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 17em;">1 Sat. 2 B. of Hor. ver. 76.</span></p> + +<p>Since then, even his Admirers allow, that Spleen has a great share in +his Composition, and as Thirst of Revenge, in full Possession of a +conscious Power to execute it, is a Temptation, which we see the +Depravity of Human Nature is so little able to resist, why then should +we wonder, that a Man so easily hurt, as Mr. <i>Pope</i> seems to be, should +be so frequently delighted in his inflicting those Pains upon others, +which he feels he is not himself able to bear? This is the only way I +can account for his having sometimes carried his satyrical Strokes +farther, than, I doubt, a true and laudable Satyrist would have thought +justifiable. But it is now time to open, what on my own part I have to +charge him with.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[Pg 21]</a></span>In turning over his Works of the smaller Edition, the eldest Date I +find, in print, of my being out of his Favour, is from an odd Objection +he makes to a, then, new Play of mine, <i>The Non-Juror</i>. In one of his +Letters to Mr. <i>Jervas</i>, p. 85. he writes thus——</p> + +<p class="blockquot">“Your Acquaintance, on this side the Water, are under terrible +Apprehensions, from your long stay in <i>Ireland</i>, that you may grow +too polite for them; for we think (since the great Success of <i>such +a Play as the Non-Juror</i>) that Politeness is gone over the Water, +<i>&c.</i></p> + +<p>(By the way, was not his Wit a little stiff and weary, when he strained +so hard to bring in this costive Reflection upon the <i>Non-Juror</i>? Dear +Soul! What terrible Apprehensions it gave him!) And some few Lines after +he cries out——</p> + +<p class="blockquot">“Poor Poetry! the little that’s left of thee, longs to cross the Seas——</p> + +<p>Modestly meaning, I suppose, he had a mind to have gone over himself! If +he had gone, and had carried with him those polite Pieces, <i>The What +d’ye call it</i>, and <i>The Three Hours after Marriage</i> (both which he had +a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[Pg 22]</a></span> hand in) how effectually had those elaborate Examples of the true +Genius given, to the <i>Dublin</i> Theatre, the Glory of Dramatick Poetry +restor’d? But <i>Drury-Lane</i> was not so favourable to him; for there alas! +(where the last of them was unfortunately acted) he had so sore a Rap o’ +the Fingers, that he never more took up his Pen for the Stage. But this +is not fair, you will say: My shewing Mr. <i>Pope</i>’s want of Skill in +Comedy, is no excuse for the want of it in myself; which his Satyr +sometimes charges me with: at least, it must be owned, it is not an easy +thing to hit by his missing it. And indeed I have had some doubt, as +there is no personal Reflection in it, whether I ought to have mention’d +his Objection to <i>The Non-Juror</i> at all; but as the Particularity of it +may let one a good deal into the Sentiments of Mr. <i>Pope</i>, I could not +refrain from bestowing some farther Notes upon it.</p> + +<p>Well then! upon the great Success of this enormous Play, <i>The +Non-Juror</i>, poor Mr. <i>Pope</i> laments the Decay of Poetry; though the +Impoliteness of the Piece is his only insinuated Objection against it. +How nice are the Nostrils of this delicate Critick! This indeed is a +Scent, that those wide-mouth’d Hounds the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[Pg 23]</a></span> Daily-Paper Criticks could +never hit off! though they pursued it with the Imputation of every +Offence that could run down a Play: Yet Impoliteness at least they +oversaw. No! they did not disguise their real dislike, as the prudent +Mr. <i>Pope</i> did; They all fairly spoke out, and in full Cry open’d +against it, only for its so audaciously exposing the sacred Character of +a lurking, treason-hatching Jesuit, and for inhumanly ridiculing the +conscientious Cause of an honest deluded Jacobite Gentleman. Now may we +not as well say to Mr. Pope, <i>Hinc illæ lachrymæ</i>! Here was his real +Disgust to the Play! For if Impoliteness could have so offended him, he +would never have bestowed such Encomiums upon the <i>Beggars Opera</i>, which +whatever Beauties it might boast, Politeness certainly was not one of +its most striking Features. No, no! if the Play had not so impudently +fallen upon the poor Enemies of the Government, Mr. <i>Pope</i>, possibly, +might have been less an Enemy to the Play: But he has a charitable +Heart, and cannot bear to see his Friends derided in their Distress: +Therefore you may have observed, whenever the Government censures a Man +of Consequence for any extraordinary Disaffection to it; then is Mr. +<i>Pope</i>’s time generously<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[Pg 24]</a></span> to brighten and lift him up with Virtues, +which never had been so conspicuous in him before. Now though he may be +led into all this, by his thinking it a Religious Duty; yet those who +are of a different Religion may sure be equally excused, if they should +notwithstanding look upon him as their Enemy. But to my Purpose.</p> + +<p>Whatever might be his real Objections to it, Mr. <i>Pope</i> is, at least, so +just to the Play, as to own it had great Success, though it grieved him +to see it; perhaps too he would have been more grieved, had he then +known, that his late Majesty, when I had the Honour to kiss his Hand, +upon my presenting my Dedication of it, was graciously pleased, out of +his Royal Bounty, to order me two hundred Pounds for it. Yes, Sir! ’tis +true—such was the Depravity of the Time, you will say, and so enormous +was the Reward of <i>such a Play as The Non-Juror</i>!</p> + +<p>This brings to my Memory (what I cannot help smiling at) the bountiful +Banter, you at this time endeavoured to put upon me. This was the Fact I +had, not long before, been a Subscriber to your <i>Homer</i>: And now, to +make up our Poetical Accounts, as you call’d it, you sent me a Note, +with four<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[Pg 25]</a></span> Guineas inclosed, for four Tickets, for the Author’s Day of +<i>such a Play as The Non-Juror</i>. So unexpected a Favour made me conclude, +there must be something at the bottom of it, which an indifferent Eye +might have overlooked: However I sent you the Tickets with a written +Acknowledgment; for I was willing you should think the kind Appearance +had passed upon me; though every Gentleman I told it to laugh’d at my +Credulity, wondering I should not see, you had plainly done this, in +scorn of my Subscription to your <i>Homer</i>. Which, to say the Truth, I +never had the least doubt of, but did not think myself so far obliged to +gratify your Pride, as to shew any sign of my feeling the Hurt you +intended me. Though, as this was in the Infancy of your Disinclination +to me, I confess, I might have been better pleased, would your Temper +have suffered me to have been upon better Terms with you: But so it is! +of such insensible Stuff am I made, that I have been rated by my +Friends, for not being surprized, or grieved at Disappointments. This I +only offer as an early Instance of our different Dispositions. My +Subscription had no Disguise, I thought it due to the Merit of Mr. +<i>Pope</i>: But that his<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[Pg 26]</a></span> Bounty to me rose from the same Motive, I am +afraid would be Vanity in me to suppose.</p> + +<p>There is another whimsical Fact relating to this Play, which common +Fame, just after the Run of it, charged to Mr. <i>Pope</i>: Had I his +Sagacity in detecting concealed Authors, or his laborious Curiosity to +know them, I do not doubt but I might bring my Fact to a Proof upon him; +but let my Suspicion speak for itself. At this time then there came out +a Pamphlet (the Title I have forgot) but the given Name of the Author +was <i>Barnevelt</i>, which every body believed to be fictitious. The Purport +of this odd Piece of Wit was to prove, that <i>The Non-Juror</i> in its +Design, its Characters, and almost every Scene of it, was a closely +couched Jacobite Libel against the Government: And, in troth, the Charge +was in some places so shrewdly maintained, that I almost liked the Jest +myself; at least, it was so much above the Spirit, and Invention of the +Daily-Paper Satyrists, that all the sensible Readers I met with, without +Hesitation gave it to Mr. <i>Pope</i>. And what afterwards left me no doubt +of it was, that he published the same Charge against his own <i>Rape of +the Lock</i>, proving even the Design of that too,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[Pg 27]</a></span> by the same sort of +merry Innuendos, to have been as audacious a Libel, as the other +Pamphlet had made <i>The Non-Juror</i>. In a word, there is so much +Similitude of Stile, and Thought, in these two Pieces, that it is scarce +possible to give them to different Authors. ’Tis true, at first Sight, +there appears no great Motive for Mr. <i>Pope</i> to have written either of +them, more than to exercise the Wantonness of his Fancy: But some People +thought, he might have farther Views in this Frolick. He might hope, +that the honest Vulgar would take literally, his making a Libel of <i>The +Non-Juror</i>, and from thence have a good Chance of his turning the Stream +of their Favour against it. As for his playing the same game with his +<i>Rape of the Lock</i>, that he was, at least, sure could do him no harm; +but on the contrary he might hope, that such a ludicrous Self-accusation +might soften, or wipe off any severe Imputation that had lain upon other +parts of his Writings, which had not been thought equally Innocent of a +real Disaffection. This way of owning Guilt in a wrong Place, is a +common Artifice to hide it in a right one. Now though every Reader is +not obliged to take all I have said for Evidence in this Case; yet there +may be<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[Pg 28]</a></span> others, that are not obliged to refuse it. Let it therefore +avail no more, than in reality it ought to do.</p> + +<p>Since, as you say, in one of your Letters to Mr. <i>Addison</i>, “<i>To be +uncensured and to be obscure is the same thing</i>;” I hope then to appear +in a better Light, by quoting some of your farther Flirts at <i>The +Non-Juror</i>.</p> + +<p>In your Correspondence with Mr. <i>Digby</i> p. 150. complaining of People’s +Insensibility to good Writing, you say (with your usual sneer upon the +same Play)</p> + +<p class="blockquot">“The Stage is the only Place we seem alive at: There indeed we +stare, and roar, and clap Hands for King <i>George</i> and the +Government.</p> + +<p>This could be meant of no Play, but <i>The Non-Juror</i>, because no other +had made the Enemies of the King and Government so ridiculous; and +therefore, it seems, you think the Town as ridiculous to roar and clap +at it. But, Sir, as so many of the Government’s Friends were willing to +excuse its Faults for the Honesty of its Intention; so, if you were not +of that Number, I do not wonder you had so strong a Reason to dislike +it. In the same Letter too, this wicked Play runs so<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[Pg 29]</a></span> much in your Head, +that in the favourable Character you there give of the Lady <i>Scudamore</i>, +you make it a particular Merit in her, that she had not then even</p> + +<p class="blockquot"><i>Seen</i> Cibber<i>’s Play of the</i> Non-juror.</p> + +<p>I presume, at least, she had heard Mr. <i>Pope</i>’s Opinion of it, and then +indeed the Lady might be in the right.</p> + +<p>I suppose by this time you will say, I have tir’d your Patience; but I +do assure you I have not said so much upon this Head, merely to +commemorate the Applauses of <i>The Non-juror</i>, as to shew the World one +of your best Reasons for having so often publish’d your Contempt of the +Author. And yet, methinks, the Good-nature which you so frequently +labour to have thought a part of your Character, might have inclin’d you +to a little more Mercy for an old Acquaintance: Nay, in your Epistle to +Dr. <i>Arbuthnot</i>, ver. 373, you are so good as to say, you have been so +humble as to <i>drink with Cibber</i>. Sure then, such Humility might at +least have given the Devil his Due: for, black as I am, I have still +some Merit to you, in the profess’d Pleasure I always took in your +Writings? But alas! if the Friendship between yourself and Mr. +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[Pg 30]</a></span><i>Addison</i>, (which with such mutual Warmth you have profess’d in your +publish’d Letters) could not protect him from that insatiable Rage of +Satyr that so often runs away with you, how could so frivolous a Fellow +as I am (whose Friendship you never cared for) hope to escape it? +However, I still comfort myself in one Advantage I have over you, that +of never having deserved your being my Enemy.</p> + +<p>You see, Sir, with what passive Submission I have hitherto complained to +you: but now give me leave to speak an honest Truth, without caring how +far it may displease you. If I thought, then, that your Ill-nature were +half as hurtful to me, as I believe it is to yourself, I am not sure I +could be half so easy under it. I am told, there is a Serpent in some of +the <i>Indies</i>, that never stings a Man without leaving its own Life in +the Wound: I have forgot the Name of it, and therefore cannot give it +you. Or if this be too hard upon you, permit me at least to say, your +Spleen is sometimes like that of the little angry Bee, which, in doing +less Mischief than the Serpent, yet (as <i>Virgil</i> says) meets with the +same Fate.——<i>Animasque in vulnere ponunt.</i> Why then may I not wish you +would be advis’d by a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[Pg 31]</a></span> Fact which actually happen’d at the <i>Tower</i> +Guard? An honest lusty Grenadier, while a little creeping Creature of an +Ensign, for some trifling Fault, was impotently laying him on with his +Cane, quietly folded his Arms across, and shaking his Head, only reply’d +to this valiant Officer, “Have a care, dear Captain! don’t strike so +hard! upon my Soul you will hurt yourself!”</p> + +<p>Now, Sir, give me leave to open your <i>Dunciad</i>, that we may see what +Work your Wit has made with my Name there.</p> + +<p>When the Goddess of <i>Dulness</i> is shewing her Works to her chosen Son, +she closes the Variety with letting him see, <i>ver.</i> 235.</p> + +<p class="poem"><i>How, with less Reading than makes Felons ’scape<br /> +Less human Genius than God gives an Ape,<br /> +Small Thanks to</i> France, <i>and none to</i> Rome, <i>or</i> Greece,<br /> +<i>A patch’d, vamp’d, future, old, reviv’d, new Piece,<br /> +’Twixt</i> Plautus, Fletcher, Congreve <i>and</i> Corneille,<br /> +<i>Can make a</i> Cibber, Johnson, <i>or</i> Ozell.</p> + +<p>And pray, Sir, why my Name, under this scurvy Picture? I flatter myself, +that if you had not put it there, no body else would have thought it +like me, nor can I easily believe that you yourself do: but perhaps you +imagin’d it would be a laughing Ornament to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[Pg 32]</a></span> your Verse, and had a mind +to divert other Peoples Spleen with it, as well as your own. Now let me +hold up my Head a little, and then we shall see how far the Features hit +me! If indeed I had never produc’d any Plays, but those I alter’d of +other Authors, your Reflexion then might have had something nearer an +Excuse for it: But yet, if many of those Plays have liv’d the longer for +my meddling with them, the Sting of your Satyr only wounds the Air, or +at best debases it to impotent Railing. For you know very well that +<i>Richard the Third</i>, <i>The Fop’s Fortune</i>, <i>The Double Gallant</i>, and some +others, that had been dead to the Stage out of all Memory, have since +been in a constant course of Acting above these thirty or forty Years. +Nor did even <i>Dryden</i> think it any Diminution of his Fame to take the +same liberty with <i>The Tempest</i>, and the <i>Troilus and Cressida</i> of +<i>Shakespear</i>; and tho’ his Skill might be superior to mine, yet while my +Success has been equal to his, why then will you have me so +ill-favouredly like the Dunce you have drawn for me? Or do those alter’d +Plays at all take from the Merit of those more successful Pieces, which +were entirely my own? Is a Tailor, that can make a new Coat well, the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[Pg 33]</a></span> +worse Workman, because he can mend an old one? When a Man is abus’d, he +has a right to speak even laudable Truths of himself, to confront his +Slanderer. Let me therefore add, that my first Comedy of <i>The Fool in +Fashion</i> was as much (though not so valuable) an Original, as any one +Work Mr. <i>Pope</i> himself has produc’d. It is now forty-seven Years since +its first Appearance upon the Stage, where it has kept its Station, to +this very Day, without ever lying one Winter dormant. And what Part of +this Play, Sir, can you charge with a Theft either from any <i>French</i> +Author, from <i>Plautus</i>, <i>Fletcher</i>, <i>Congreve</i>, or <i>Corneille</i>? Nine +Years after this I brought on <i>The Careless Husband</i>, with still greater +Success; and was that too</p> + +<p class="poem"><i>A patch’d, vamp’d, future, old, reviv’d, new Piece?</i></p> + +<p>Let the many living Spectators of these Plays then judge between us, +whether the above Verses, you have so unmercifully besmear’d me with, +were fit to come from the <i>honest Heart</i> of a Satyrist, who would be +thought, like you, the upright Censor of Mankind. Indeed, indeed, Sir, +this Libel was below you! How could you be so wanting to yourself as not +to consider, that Satyr, without Truth,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[Pg 34]</a></span> tho’ flowing in the finest +Numbers, recoils upon its Author, and must, at other times, render him +suspected of Prejudice, even where he may be just; as Frauds, in +Religion, make more Atheists than Converts? And the bad Heart, Mr. +<i>Pope</i>, that points an Injury with Verse, makes it the more +unpardonable, as it is not the Result of sudden Passion, but of an +indulg’d and slowly meditating Ill-nature; and I am afraid yours, in +this Article, is so palpable, that I am almost asham’d to have made it +so serious a Reply.</p> + +<p>What a merry mixt Mortal has Nature made you? that can thus debase that +Strength and Excellence of Genius she has endow’d you with, to the +lowest human Weakness, that of offering unprovok’d Injuries; nay, at the +Hazard of your being ridiculous too, as you must be, when the Venom you +spit falls short of your Aim! For I shall never believe your Verses have +done me the Harm you intended, or lost me one Friend, or added a single +Soul to the number of my Enemies, though so many thousands that know me, +may have read them. How then could your blind Impatience in your +<i>Dunciad</i> thunder out such poetical <i>Anathemas</i> on your own Enemies, for +doing you no worse Injuries than what<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[Pg 35]</a></span> you think it no Crime in yourself +to offer to another?</p> + +<p>In your Remarks upon the above Verses, your Wit, unwilling to have done +with me, throws out an ironical Sneer at my Attempts in Tragedy: Let us +see how far it disgraces me.</p> + +<p>After your quoting the following Paragraph from <i>Jacob’s Lives of the +Dramatick Poets</i>, viz.</p> + +<p class="blockquot">“Mr. <i>Colley Cibber</i>, an Author, and an Actor, of a good share of +Wit and uncommon Vivacity, which are much improv’d by the +Conversation he enjoys, which is of the best,” <i>&c.</i></p> + +<p>Then say you,</p> + +<p class="blockquot">“Mr. <i>Jacob</i> omitted to remark, that he is particularly admirable +in Tragedy.”</p> + +<p>Ay, Sir, and your Remark has omitted too, that (with all his +Commendations) I can’t dance upon the Rope, or make a Saddle, nor play +upon the Organ.—Augh! my dear, dear Mr. <i>Pope</i>! how could a Man of your +stinging Capacity let so tame, so low a Reflexion escape him? Why this +hardly rises above the pretty Malice of Miss <i>Molly</i>—<i>Ay, ay, you may +think<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[Pg 36]</a></span> my Sister as handsome as you please, but if you were to see her +Legs—I know what I know</i>! And so, with all these Imperfections upon me, +the Triumph of your Observation amounts to this: That tho’ you should +allow, by what <i>Jacob</i> says of me, that I am good for something, yet you +notwithstanding have cunningly discover’d, that I am not good for <i>every +thing</i>. Well, Sir, and am not I very well off, if you have nothing worse +to say of me? But if I have made so many crowded Theatres laugh, and in +the right Place too, for above forty Years together, am I to make up the +Number of your Dunces, because I have not the equal Talent of making +them cry too? Make it your own Case: Is what you have excell’d in at all +the worse, for your having so dismally dabbled (as I before observ’d) in +the Farce of <i>Three Hours after Marriage</i>? <i>Non omnia possumus omnes</i>, +is an allow’d Excuse for the Insufficiencies of all Mankind; and if, as +you see, you too must sometimes be forc’d to take shelter under it, as +well as myself, what mighty Reason will the World have to laugh at my +Weakness in Tragedy, more than at yours in Comedy? Or, to make us Both +still easier in the matter, if you will say, you are not asham’d of your +Weakness, I will promise you<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[Pg 37]</a></span> not to be asham’d of mine. Or if you don’t +like this Advice, let me give you some from the wiser <i>Spanish</i> Proverb, +which says, <i>That a Man should never throw Stones, that has glass +Windows in his Head</i>.</p> + +<p>Upon the whole, your languid Ill-will in this Remark, makes so sickly a +Figure, that one would think it were quite exhausted; for it must run +low indeed, when you are reduc’d to impute the want of an Excellence, as +a Shame to me. But in <i>ver.</i> 261, your whole Barrel of Spleen seems not +to have a Drop more in it, though you have tilted it to the highest: For +there you are forc’d to tell a downright Fib, and hang me up in a Light +where no body ever saw me: As for Example, speaking of the Absurdity of +Theatrical Pantomimes, you say</p> + +<p class="poem"><i>When lo! to dark Encounter in mid Air<br /> +New Wizards rise: Here</i> Booth, <i>and</i> Cibber <i>there:</i><br /> +Booth, <i>in his cloudy Tabernacle shrin’d,<br /> +On grinning Dragons</i> Cibber <i>mounts the Wind.</i></p> + +<p>If you, figuratively, mean by this, that I was an Encourager of those +Fooleries, you are mistaken; for it is not true: If you intend it +literally, that I was Dunce enough to mount a Machine, there is as +little Truth in that<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[Pg 38]</a></span> too: But if you meant it only as a pleasant Abuse, +you have done it with infinite Drollery indeed! Beside, the Name of +<i>Cibber</i>, you know, always implies Satyr in the Sound, and never fails +to keep the Flatness or Modesty of a Verse in countenance.</p> + +<p>Some Pages after, indeed, in pretty near the same Light, you seem to +have a little negative Kindness for me, <i>ver.</i> 287, where you make poor +<i>Settle</i>, lamenting his own Fate, say,</p> + +<p class="poem"><i>But lo! in me, what Authors have to brag on,<br /> +Reduc’d at last to hiss, in my own Dragon,<br /> +Avert it, Heav’n, that thou, or</i> Cibber <i>e’er<br /> +Should wag two Serpent-Tails in</i> Smithfield <i>Fair.</i></p> + +<p>If this does not imply, that you think me fit for little else, it is +only another barren Verse with my Name in it: If it does mean so; +why——I wish you may never be toss’d in a Blanket, and so the Kindness +is even on both Sides. But again you are at me, <i>ver.</i> 320, speaking of +the King of Dunces Reign, you have these Lines:</p> + +<p class="poem"><i>Beneath whose Reign,</i> Eusden <i>shall wear the Bays,</i><br /> +Cibber <i>preside Lord-Chancellor of Plays.</i></p> + +<p>This I presume you offer as one of the heavy Enormities of the +Stage-Government,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[Pg 39]</a></span> when I had a Share in it. But as you have not given +an Instance in which this Enormity appear’d, how is it possible (unless +I had your Talent of Self-Commendation) to bring any Proofs in my +Favour? I must therefore submit it to Publick Judgment how full your +Reflexion hits, or is wide of me, and can only say to it in the mean +time,—<i>Valeat quantum valere potest</i>.</p> + +<p>In your Remark upon the same Lines you say,</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>“<i>Eusden</i> no sooner died, but his Place of Laureat was supply’d by +<i>Cibber</i>, in the Year 1730, on which was made the following +Epigram.” (May I not believe by yourself?)</p> + +<p class="poem2"><i>In merry</i> Old England, <i>it once was a Rule,<br /> +The King had his Poet, and also his Fool.<br /> +But now we’re so frugal, I’d have you to know it,<br /> +That</i> Cibber <i>can serve both for Fool and for Poet.</i></p></div> + +<p>Ay, marry Sir! here you souse me with a Witness! This is a Triumph +indeed! I can hardly help laughing at this myself; for, <i>Se non e vero, +ben Trovato</i>! A good Jest is a good Thing, let it fall upon who it will: +I dare say <i>Cibber</i> would never have complain’d of Mr. <i>Pope</i>,</p> + +<p class="poem"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[Pg 40]</a></span><span style="margin-left: 2em;">——<i>Si sic</i></span><br /> +——<i>Omnia dixisset</i>———<span class="spacer"> </span>Juv.</p> + +<p>If he had never said any worse of him. But hold, Master <i>Cibber</i>! why +may not you as well turn this pleasant Epigram into an involuntary +Compliment? for a King’s Fool was no body’s Fool but his Master’s, and +had not his Name for nothing; as for Example,</p> + +<p class="poem"><i>Those Fools of old, if Fame says true,</i><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 1em;"><i>Were chiefly chosen for their Wit;</i></span><br /> +<i>Why then, call’d Fools? because, like you</i><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 1em;"><i>Dear</i> Pope, <i>too Bold in shewing it.</i></span></p> + +<p>And so, if I am the King’s Fool; now, Sir, pray whose Fool are you? ’Tis +pity, methinks, you should be out of Employment: for, if a satyrical +Intrepidity, or, as you somewhere call it, a <i>High Courage of Wit</i>, is +the fairest Pretence to be the <i>King’s Fool</i>, I don’t know a Wit in the +World so fit to fill up the Post as yourself.</p> + +<p>Thus, Sir, I have endeavour’d to shake off all the Dirt in your +<i>Dunciad</i>, unless of here and there some little Spots of your Ill-will, +that were not worth tiring the Reader’s Patience with my Notice of them. +But I have some more foul way to trot through still, in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[Pg 41]</a></span> your Epistles +and Satyrs, <i>&c.</i> Now whether I shall come home the filthy Fellow, or +the clean contrary Man to what you make me, I will venture to leave to +your own <i>Conscience</i>, though I dare not make the same Trust to your +<i>Wit</i>: For that you have often <i>spoke</i> worse (merely to shew your Wit) +than you could possibly <i>think</i> of me, almost all your Readers, that +observe your Good-nature <i>will easily</i> believe.</p> + +<p>However, to shew I am not blind to your Merit, I own your Epistle to Dr. +<i>Arbuthnot</i> (though I there find myself contemptibly spoken of) gives me +more Delight in the whole, than any one Poem of the kind I ever read. +The only Prejudice or wrong Bias of Judgment, I am afraid I may be +guilty of is, when I cannot help thinking, that your Wit is more +remarkably bare and barren, whenever it would fall foul upon <i>Cibber</i>, +than upon any other Person or Occasion whatsoever: I therefore could +wish the Reader may have sometimes considered those Passages, that if I +do you Injustice, he may as justly condemn me for it.</p> + +<p>In this Epistle ver. 59. of your Folio Edition, you seem to bless +yourself, that you are not my Friend! no wonder then, you rail<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[Pg 42]</a></span> at me! +but let us see upon what Occasion you own this Felicity. Speaking of an +impertinent Author, who teized you to recommend his <i>Virgin Tragedy</i> to +the Stage, you at last happily got rid of him with this Excuse——</p> + +<p class="poem"><i>There (thank my Stars) my whole Commission ends,</i><br /> +Cibber <i>and I, are luckily no Friends.</i></p> + +<p>If you chose not to be mine, Sir, it does not follow, that it was +equally my Choice not to be yours: But perhaps you thought me your +Enemy, because you were conscious you had injur’d me, and therefore were +resolv’d never to forgive <i>Me</i>, because I had it in my Power to forgive +<i>You</i>: For, as <i>Dryden</i> says,</p> + +<p class="poem"><i>Forgiveness, to the Injur’d does belong;<br /> +But they ne’er pardon who have done the Wrong.</i></p> + +<p>This, Sir, is the only natural Excuse, I can form, for your being my +Enemy. As to your blunt Assertion of my certain Prejudice to any thing, +that had your Recommendation to the Stage, which your above Lines would +insinuate; I gave you a late Instance in <i>The Miller of Mansfield</i>, that +your manner of treating Me had in no sort any Influence upon<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[Pg 43]</a></span> my +Judgment. For you may remember, sometime before that Piece was acted, I +accidentally met you, in a Visit to the late General <i>Dormer</i>, who, +though he might be your good Friend, was not for that Reason the less a +Friend to Me: There you join’d with that Gentleman, in asking my Advice +and Assistance in that Author’s behalf; which as I had read the Piece, +though I had then never seen the Man, I gave, in such manner, as I +thought might best serve him: And if I don’t over-rate my +Recommendation, I believe its way to the Stage was made the more easy by +it. This Fact, then, does in no kind make good your Insinuation, that my +Enmity to you would not suffer me to like any thing that you liked; +which though you call your good Fortune in Verse, yet in Prose, you see, +it happens not to be true. But I am glad to find, in your smaller +Edition, that your Conscience has since given this Line some Correction; +for there you have taken off a little of its Edge; it there runs only +thus——</p> + +<p class="poem">The Play’rs <i>and I, are luckily no Friends.</i></p> + +<p>This is so uncommon an Instance, of your checking your Temper and taking +a little Shame to yourself, that I could not in Justice<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[Pg 44]</a></span> omit my Notice +of it. I am of opinion too, that the Indecency of the next Verse, you +spill upon me, would admit of an equal Correction. In excusing the +Freedom of your Satyr, you urge that it galls no body, because nobody +minds it enough to be mended by it. This is your Plea——</p> + +<p class="poem"><i>Whom have I hurt! has Poet yet, or Peer,<br /> +Lost the arched Eye-brow, or</i> Parnassian <i>Sneer?<br /> +And has not</i> Colley <i>too his Lord, and Whore?</i> &c.</p> + +<p>If I thought the Christian Name of <i>Colley</i> could belong to any other +Man than myself, I would insist upon my Right of not supposing you meant +this last Line to Me; because it is equally applicable to five thousand +other People: But as your Good-will to me is a little too well known, to +pass it as imaginable that you could intend it for any one else, I am +afraid I must abide it.</p> + +<p>Well then! <i>Colley has his Lord and Whore!</i> Now suppose, Sir, upon the +same Occasion, that <i>Colley</i> as happily inspired as Mr. <i>Pope</i>, had +turned the same Verse upon <i>Him</i>, and with only the Name changed had +made it run thus—</p> + +<p class="poem"><i>And has not</i> Sawney <i>too his Lord and Whore?</i></p> + +<p>Would not the Satyr have been equally just? Or would any sober Reader +have seen more in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[Pg 45]</a></span> the Line, than a wide mouthful of Ill-Manners? Or +would my professing myself a Satyrist give me a Title to wipe my foul + +Pen upon the Face of every Man I did not like? Or would my Impudence be +less Impudence in Verse than in Prose? or in private Company? What ought +I to expect less, than that you would knock me down for it? unless the +happy Weakness of my Person might be my Protection? Why then may I not +insist that <i>Colley</i> or <i>Sawney</i> in the Verse would make no Difference +in the Satyr! Now let us examine how far there would be Truth in it on +either Side.</p> + +<p>As to the first Part of the Charge, the <i>Lord</i>; Why—we have both had +him, and sometimes the <i>same</i> Lord; but as there is neither Vice nor +Folly in keeping our Betters Company; the Wit or Satyr of the Verse! can +only point at my Lord for keeping such <i>ordinary</i> Company. Well, but if +so! then <i>why</i> so, good Mr. <i>Pope</i>? If either of us could be <i>good</i> +Company, our being professed Poets, I hope would be no Objection to my +Lord’s sometimes making one with us? and though I don’t pretend to write +like you, yet all the Requisites to make a good Companion are not +confined to Poetry! No, Sir, even a Man’s inoffensive Follies and +Blunders may sometimes<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[Pg 46]</a></span> have their Merits at the best Table; and in +those, I am sure, you won’t pretend to vie with me: Why then may not my +Lord be as much in the Right, in his sometimes choosing <i>Colley</i> to +laugh at, as at other times in his picking up <i>Sawney</i>, whom he can only +admire?</p> + +<p>Thus far, then, I hope we are upon a par; for the Lord, you see, will +fit either of us.</p> + +<p>As to the latter Charge, the <i>Whore</i>, there indeed, I doubt you will +have the better of me; for I must own, that I believe I know more of +<i>your</i> whoring than you do of <i>mine</i>; because I don’t recollect that +ever I made you the least Confidence of <i>my</i> Amours, though I have been +very near an Eye-Witness of <i>Yours</i>——By the way, gentle Reader, don’t +you think, to say only, <i>a Man has his Whore</i>, without some particular +Circumstances to aggravate the Vice, is the flattest Piece of Satyr that +ever fell from the formidable Pen of Mr. <i>Pope</i>? because (<i>defendit +numerus</i>) take the first ten thousand Men you meet, and I believe, you +would be no Loser, if you betted ten to one that every single Sinner of +them, one with another, had been guilty of the same Frailty. But as Mr. +<i>Pope</i> has so particularly picked me out of the Number to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[Pg 47]</a></span> make an +Example of: Why may I not take the same Liberty, and even single him out +for another to keep me in Countenance? He must excuse me, then, if in +what I am going to relate, I am reduced to make bold with a little +private Conversation: But as he has shewn no Mercy to <i>Colley</i>, why +should so unprovok’d an Aggressor expect any for himself? And if Truth +hurts him, I can’t help it. He may remember, then (or if he won’t I +will) when <i>Button</i>’s Coffee-house was in vogue, and so long ago, as +when he had not translated above two or three Books of <i>Homer</i>; there +was a late young Nobleman (as much his <i>Lord</i> as mine) who had a good +deal of wicked Humour, and who, though he was fond of having Wits in his +Company, was not so restrained by his Conscience, but that he lov’d to +laugh at any merry Mischief he could do them: This noble Wag, I say, in +his usual <i>Gayetè de Cœur</i>, with another Gentleman still in Being, +one Evening slily seduced the celebrated Mr. <i>Pope</i> as a Wit, and myself +as a Laugher, to a certain House of Carnal Recreation, near the +<i>Hay-Market</i>; where his Lordship’s Frolick propos’d was to slip his +little <i>Homer</i>, as he call’d him, at a Girl of the Game, that he might +see what sort of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[Pg 48]</a></span> Figure a Man of his Size, Sobriety, and Vigour (in +Verse) would make, when the frail Fit of Love had got into him; in which +he so far succeeded, that the smirking Damsel, who serv’d us with Tea, +happen’d to have Charms sufficient to tempt the little-tiny Manhood of +Mr. <i>Pope</i> into the next Room with her: at which you may imagine, his +Lordship was in as much Joy, at what might happen within, as our small +Friend could probably be in Possession of it: But I (forgive me all ye +mortified Mortals whom his fell Satyr has since fallen upon) observing +he had staid as long as without hazard of his Health he might, I,</p> + +<p class="poem"><i>Prick’d to it by foolish Honesty and Love,</i></p> + +<p>As <i>Shakespear</i> says, without Ceremony, threw open the Door upon him, +where I found this little hasty Hero, like a terrible <i>Tom Tit</i>, pertly +perching upon the Mount of Love! But such was my Surprize, that I fairly +laid hold of his Heels, and actually drew him down safe and sound from +his Danger. My Lord, who staid tittering without, in hopes the sweet +Mischief he came for would have been compleated, upon my giving an +Account of the Action within, began to curse, and call me an hundred +silly Puppies, for my<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[Pg 49]</a></span> impertinently spoiling the Sport; to which with +great Gravity I reply’d; pray, my Lord, consider what I have done was, +in regard to the Honour of our Nation! For would you have had so +glorious a Work as that of making <i>Homer</i> speak elegant <i>English</i>, cut +short by laying up our little Gentleman of a Malady, which his thin Body +might never have been cured of? No, my Lord! <i>Homer</i> would have been too +serious a Sacrifice to our Evening Merriment. Now as his <i>Homer</i> has +since been so happily compleated, who can say, that the World may not +have been obliged to the kindly Care of <i>Colley</i> that so great a Work +ever came to Perfection?</p> + +<p>And now again, gentle Reader, let it be judged, whether the <i>Lord</i> and +the <i>Whore</i> above-mention’d might not, with equal Justice, have been +apply’d to sober <i>Sawney</i> the Satyrist, as to <i>Colley</i> the Criminal?</p> + +<p>Though I confess Recrimination to be but a poor Defence for one’s own +Faults; yet when the Guilty are Accusers, it seems but just, to make use +of any Truth, that may invalidate their Evidence: I therefore hope, +whatever the serious Reader may think amiss in this Story, will be +excused, by my being so hardly driven to tell it.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[Pg 50]</a></span>I could wish too, it might be observed, that whatever Faults I find with +the Morals of Mr. <i>Pope</i>, I charge none to his Poetical Capacity, but +chiefly to his <i>Ruling Passion</i>, which is so much his Master, that we +must allow, his inimitable Verse is generally warmest, where his too +fond Indulgence of that Passion inspires it. How much brighter still +might that Genius shine, could it be equally inspired by Good-nature!</p> + +<p>Now though I may have less Reason to complain of his Severity, than many +others, who may have less deserv’d it: Yet by his crowding me into so +many of his Satyrs, it is plain his Ill-will is oftner at Work upon +<i>Cibber</i>, than upon any Mortal he has had a mind to make a Dunce, or a +Devil of: And as there are about half a Score remaining Verses, where +<i>Cibber</i> still fills up the Numbers, and which I have not yet produced, +I think it will pretty near make good my Observation: Most of them, ’tis +true, are so slight Marks of his Disfavour, that I can charge them with +little more, than a mere idle Liberty with my Name; I shall therefore +leave the greater part of them without farther Observation to make the +most of their Meaning. Some few of them however (perhaps from my want +of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[Pg 51]</a></span> Judgment) seem so ambiguous, as to want a little Explanation.</p> + +<p>In his First Epistle of the Second Book of <i>Horace</i>, ver. 86, speaking +of the Uncertainty of the publick Judgment upon Dramatick Authors, after +naming the best, he concludes his List of them thus:</p> + +<p class="poem"><i>But for the Passions,</i> Southern <i>sure, and</i> Rowe.<br /> +<i>These, only these support the crouded Stage,<br /> +From eldest</i> Heywood <i>down to</i> Cibber<i>’s Age</i>.</p> + +<p>Here he positively excludes <i>Cibber</i> from any Share in supporting the +Stage as an Author; and yet, in the Lines immediately following, he +seems to allow it him, by something so like a Commendation, that if it +be one, it is at the same time a Contradiction to <i>Cibber</i>’s being the +Dunce, which the <i>Dunciad</i> has made of him. But I appeal to the Verses; +here they are—<i>ver.</i> 87.</p> + +<p class="poem"><i>All this may be; the Peoples Voice is odd,<br /> +It is, and it is not the Voice of God.<br /> +To</i> Gammer Gurton <i>if it give the Bays,<br /> +And yet deny</i> The Careless Husband <i>Praise.</i></p> + +<p>Now if <i>The Careless Husband</i> deserv’d Praise, and had it, must it not +(without comparing it with the Works of the above-cited Authors)<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[Pg 52]</a></span> have +had its Share in supporting the Stage? which Mr. <i>Pope</i> might as well +have allow’d it to have had, as to have given it the Commendation he +seems to do: I say (<i>seems</i>) because is saying (<i>if</i>) the People deny’d +it Praise, seems to imply they <i>had</i> deny’d it; or if they had <i>not</i> +deny’d it, (which is true) then his Censure upon the People is false. +Upon the whole, the Meaning of these Verses stands in so confus’d a +Light, that I confess I don’t clearly discern it. ’Tis true, the late +General <i>Dormer</i> intimated to me, that he believ’d Mr. <i>Pope</i> intended +them as a Compliment to <i>The Careless Husband</i>; but if it be a +Compliment, I rather believe it was a Compliment to that Gentleman’s +Good-nature, who told me a little before this Epistle was publish’d, +that he had been making Interest for a little Mercy to his Friend +<i>Colley</i> in it. But this, it seems, was all he could get for him: +However, had his Wit stopt here, and said no more of me, for that +Gentleman’s sake, I might have thank’d him: But whatever Restraint he +might be under then, after this Gentleman’s Decease we shall see he had +none upon him: For now out comes a new <i>Dunciad</i>, where, in the first +twenty Lines he takes a fresh <i>Lick at the Laureat</i>; as Fidlers and +Prize-fighters always<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[Pg 53]</a></span> give us a Flourish before they come to the Tune +or the Battle in earnest. Come then, let us see what your mighty +Mountain is in Labour of? Oh! here we have it! <i>New Dun.</i> <i>ver.</i> 20. +Dulness mounts the Throne, <i>&c.</i> and——</p> + +<p class="poem"><i>Soft in her Lap her Laureat Son reclines.</i></p> + +<p>Hah! fast asleep it seems! No, that’s a little too strong. <i>Pert</i> and +<i>Dull</i> at least you might have allow’d me; but as seldom asleep as any +Fool.——Sure your own Eyes could not be open, when so lame and solemn a +Conceit came from you: What, am I only to be Dull, and Dull still, and +again, and for ever? But this, I suppose, is one of your <i>Decies +repetita placebit</i>’s. For, in other Words, you have really said this of +me ten times before—No, it must be written in a Dream, and according to +<i>Dryden</i>’s Description of dead Midnight too, where, among other strong +Images, he gives us this—</p> + +<p class="poem"><i>Even Lust and</i> Envy <i>sleep.</i></p> + +<p>Now, Sir, had not <i>Your</i> Envy been as fast as a fat Alderman in +Sermon-time, you would certainly have thrown out something more spirited +than so trite a Repetition could come<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[Pg 54]</a></span> up to. But it is the Nature of +Malevolence, it seems, when it gets a spiteful Saying by the end, not to +be tired of it so soon as its Hearers are.——Well, and what then? you +will say; it lets the World see at least, that you are resolv’d to write +<i>About me</i>, and <i>About me</i>, to the last. In fine, Mr. <i>Pope</i>, this +yawning Wit would make one think you had got into the Laureat’s Place, +and were taking a Nap yourself.</p> + +<p>But, perhaps, there may be a concealed Brightness in this Verse, which +your Notes may more plainly illustrate: let us see then what your +fictitious Friend and Flatterer <i>Scriblerus</i> says to it. Why, first he +mangles a Paragraph which he quotes from my <i>Apology</i> for my own Life, +<i>Chap.</i> 2. and then makes his particular Use of it. But as I have my +Uses to make of it as well as himself, I shall beg leave to give it the +Reader without his Castrations. He begins it thus,</p> + +<p class="blockquot">“When I find my Name in the Satyrical Works of this Poet,” <i>&c.</i></p> + +<p>But I say,——</p> + +<p class="blockquot">“When I, therefore, find my Name, <i>at length</i>, in the Satyrical +Works <i>of our most celebrated living Author</i>”——</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[Pg 55]</a></span>Now, Sir, I must beg your Pardon, but I cannot think it was your meer +Modesty that left out the Title I have given you, because you have so +often suffer’d your Friend <i>Scriblerus</i> (that is yourself) in your Notes +to make you Compliments of a much higher Nature. But, perhaps, you were +unwilling to let the Reader observe, that though you had so often +befoul’d my Name in your Satyrs, I could still give you the Language due +to a Gentleman, which, perhaps, at the same time too, might have put him +in mind of the poor and pitiful Return you have made to it. But to go on +with our Paragraph——He again continues it thus——</p> + +<p class="blockquot">“I never look upon it as any Malice meant to me, but Profit to himself”——</p> + +<p>But where is my Parenthesis, Mr. <i>Filch</i>? If you are asham’d of it, I +have no reason to be so, and therefore the Reader shall have it: My +Sentence then runs thus——</p> + +<p class="blockquot">“I never look upon those Lines as Malice meant to me (for he knows +I never provok’d it) <i>&c.</i></p> + +<p>These last Words indeed might have star’d you too full in the Face, not +to have put<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[Pg 56]</a></span> your Conscience out of countenance. But a Wit of your +Intrepidity, I see, is above that vulgar Weakness.</p> + +<p>After this sneaking Omission, you have still the same Scruple against +some other Lines in the Text to come: But as you serve <i>your</i> Purposes +by leaving them out, you must give me leave to serve <i>mine</i> by supplying +them. I shall therefore give the Reader the rest entire, and only mark +what you don’t choose should be known in <i>Italicks</i>, viz.</p> + +<p class="blockquot">“<i>One of his Points must be to have many Readers</i>: He considers, +that my Face and Name are more known than <i>those of</i> many +<i>Thousands of more Consequence</i> in the Kingdom, that, therefore, +<i>right or wrong</i>, a Lick at the Laureat will always be a sure Bait, +<i>ad captandum vulgus</i>, to catch him little Readers: <i>And that to +gratify the unlearned, by now and then interspersing those merry +Sacrifices of an old Acquaintance to their Taste, in a Piece of +quite right Poetical Craft</i>.”</p> + +<p>Now, Sir, is there any thing in this Paragraph (which you have so maim’d +and sneer’d at) that, taken all together, could merit the injurious +Reception you have given it? Ought<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[Pg 57]</a></span> I, for this, to have had the stale +Affront of <i>Dull</i>, and <i>Impudent</i>, repeated upon me? or could it have +lessen’d the Honour of your Understanding, to have taken this quiet +Resentment of your frequent ill Usage in good part? Or had it not rather +been a Mark of your Justice and Generosity, not to have pursued me with +fresh Instances of your Ill-will upon it? or, on the contrary, could you +be so weak as to Envy me the Patience I was master of, and therefore +could not bear to be, in any light, upon amicable Terms with me? I hope +your Temper is not so unhappy as to be offended, or in pain, when your +Insults are return’d with Civilities? or so vainly uncharitable as to +value yourself for laughing at my Folly, in supposing you never had any +real malicious Intention against me? No, you could not, sure, believe, +the World would take it for granted, that <i>every</i> low, vile Thing you +had said of me, was evidently <i>true</i>? How then can you hold me in such +Derision, for finding your Freedom with my Name, a better Excuse than +you yourself are able to give, or are willing to accept of? or, +admitting, that my deceived Opinion of your Goodness was so much real +Simplicity and Ignorance, was not even That, at least,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">[Pg 58]</a></span> pardonable? +Might it not have been taken in a more favourable Sense by any Man of +the least Candour or Humanity? But—I am afraid, Mr. <i>Pope</i>, the +severely different Returns you have made to it, are Indications of a +Heart I want a Name for.</p> + +<p>Upon the whole, while you are capable of giving such a trifling Turn to +my Patience, I see but very little Hopes of my ever removing your +Prejudice: for in your Notes upon the above Paragraph (to which I refer +the Reader) you treat me more like a rejected Flatterer, than a Critick: +But, I hope, you now find that I have at least taken off that +Imputation, by my using no Reserve in shewing the World from what you +have said of <i>Me</i>, what I think of <i>You</i>. Had not therefore this last +Usage of me been so particular, I scarce believe the Importunity of my +Friends, or the Inclination I have to gratify them, would have prevailed +with me to have taken this publick Notice of whatever Names you had +formerly call’d me.</p> + +<p>I have but one Article more of your high-spirited Wit to examine, and +then I shall close our Account. In <i>ver.</i> 524 of the same Poem, you have +this Expression, <i>viz.</i></p> + +<p class="poem"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[Pg 59]</a></span>Cibberian <i>Forehead</i>———</p> + +<p>By which I find you modestly mean <i>Cibber</i>’s Impudence; And, by the +Place it stands in, you offer it as a Sample of the <i>strongest</i> +Impudence.——Sir, your humble Servant——But pray, Sir, in your Epistle +to Dr. <i>Arbuthnot</i>, (where, by the way, in your ample Description of a +Great Poet, you slily hook in a whole Hat-full of Virtues to your own +Character) have not you this particular Line among them? <i>viz.</i></p> + +<p class="poem"><i>And thought a</i> Lye, <i>in Verse or Prose the same.</i></p> + +<p>Now, Sir, if you can get all your Readers to believe me as Impudent as +you make me, your Verse, with the Lye in it, may have a good Chance to +be thought true: if <i>not</i>, the Lye in your Verse will never get out of +it.</p> + +<p>This, I confess, is only arguing with the same Confidence that you +sometimes write; that is, we both flatly affirm, and equally expect to +be believ’d. But here, indeed, your Talent has something the better of +me; for any Accusation, in smooth Verse, will always sound well, though +it is not tied down<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_60" id="Page_60">[Pg 60]</a></span> to have a Tittle of Truth in it; when the strongest +Defence in poor humble Prose, not having that harmonious Advantage, +takes no body by the Ear: And yet every one must allow this may be very +hard upon an innocent Man: For suppose, in Prose now, I were as +confidently to insist, that you were an <i>Honest, Good-natur’d, +Inoffensive Creature</i>, would my barely saying so be any Proof of it? No, +sure! Why then might it not be suppos’d an equal Truth, that Both our +Assertions were equally false? <i>Yours</i>, when you call me <i>Impudent</i>; +<i>Mine</i>, when I call you <i>Modest</i>, &c. If, indeed, you could say, that +with a remarkable Shyness, I had avoided any Places of publick Resort, +or that I had there met with Coldness, Reproof, Insult, or any of the +usual Rebuffs that Impudence is liable to, or had been reduced to retire +from that part of the World I had impudently offended, your <i>Cibberian +Forehead</i> then might have been as just and as sore a Brand as the +Hangman could have apply’d to me. But as I am not yet under that +Misfortune, and while the general Benevolence of my Superiors still +suffers me to stand my ground, or occasionally to sit down with them, I +hope it will be thought that rather the <i>Papal</i>, than<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">[Pg 61]</a></span> the <i>Cibberian</i> +Forehead, ought to be out of Countenance. But it is time to have done +with you.</p> + +<p>In your Advertisement to your first Satyr of your second Book of +<i>Horace</i>, you have this just Observation.</p> + +<p class="blockquot"><i>To a true Satyrist, nothing is so odious, as a Libeller.</i></p> + +<p>Now, that you are often an admirable Satyrist, no Man of true Taste can +deny: But, that you are always a <i>True</i> (that is a <i>just</i>) one, is a +Question not yet decided in your Favour. I shall not take upon me to +prove the Injuries of your Pen, which many candid Readers, in the behalf +of others, complain of: But if the gross things you have said of so +inconsiderable a Man as myself, have exceeded the limited Province of a +<i>true</i> Satyrist, they are sufficient to have forfeited your Claim to +that Title. For if a Man, from his being admitted the best Poet, +imagines himself so much lifted above the World, that he has a Right to +run a muck, and make sport with the Characters of all Ranks of People, +to soil and begrime every Face that is obnoxious to his ungovernable +Spleen or Envy: Can so vain, so inconsiderate, so<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62">[Pg 62]</a></span> elated an Insolence, +amongst all the Follies he has lash’d, and laugh’d at, find a Subject +fitter for Satyr than Himself? How many other different good Qualities +ought such a Temper to have in Balance of this One bad one, this abuse +of his Genius, by so injurious a Pride and Self-sufficiency? And though +it must be granted, that a true Genius never grows in a barren Soil, and +therefore implies, that great Parts and Knowledge only could have +produced it; Yet it must be allow’d too, that the fairest Fruits of the +Mind may lose a great deal of their naturally delicious Taste, when +blighted by Ill-nature. How strict a Guard then ought the <i>true</i> +Satyrist to set upon his private Passions! How clear a Head! a Heart how +candid, how impartial, how incapable of Injustice! What Integrity of +Life, what general Benevolence, what exemplary Virtues ought that happy +Man to be master of, who, from such ample Merit, raises himself to an +Office of that Trust and Dignity, as that of our Universal Censor? A Man +so qualified, indeed, might be a truly publick Benefit, such a one, and +only such a one, might have an uncontested Right——</p> + +<p class="poem"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63">[Pg 63]</a></span> +<span style="margin-left: 1em;">————<i>To point the Pen,</i></span><br /> +<i>Brand the bold Front of shameless, guilty Men;<br /> +Dash the proud Gamester, in his gilded Car,<br /> +Bare the mean Heart that lurks beneath a Star.</i></p> + +<p>But should another (though of equal Genius) whose Mind were either +sour’d by Ill-nature, personal Prejudice, or the Lust of Railing, usurp +that Province to the Abuse of it. Not all his pompous Power of Verse +could shield him from as odious a Censure, as such, his guilty Pen could +throw upon the Innocent, or undeserving to be slander’d. What then must +be the Consequence? Why naturally this: That such an Indulgence of his +Passions, so let loose upon the World, would, at last, reduce him to fly +from it! For sure the Avoidance, the Slights, the scouling Eyes of every +mixt Company he might fall into, would be a Mortification no +vain-glorious Man would stand, that had a Retreat from it. Here then, +let us suppose him an involuntary Philosopher, affecting to +be——<i>Nunquam minus solus, quam cùm solus</i>——never in better Company +than when alone: But as you have well observed in your Essay——</p> + +<p class="poem"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64">[Pg 64]</a></span> +<i>Not always</i> Actions <i>shew the Man—<br /> +Not therefore humble He, who seeks Retreat,<br /> +Guilt guides his Steps, and makes him shun the Great.</i></p> + +<p>(I beg your Pardon, I have made a Mistake; Your Verse says <i>Pride</i> +guides his Steps, <i>&c.</i> which, indeed, makes the Antithesis to <i>Humble</i> +much stronger, and more to your Purpose; but it will serve mine as it +is, so the Error is scarce worth a Correction.) But to return to our +Satyrical Exile,——Whom though we have supposed to be oftner alone, +than an inoffensive Man need wish to be; yet we must imagine that the +Fame of his Wit would sometimes bring him Company: For Wits, like +handsome Women, though they wish one another at the Devil, are my Dear, +and my Dear! whenever they meet: Nay some Men are so fond of Wit, that +they would mix with the Devil himself if they could laugh with him: If +therefore any of this careless Cast came to kill an Hour with him, how +would his smiling Verse gloss over the Curse of his Confinement, and +with a flowing animated Vanity commemorate the peculiar Honours they had +paid him?</p> + +<p>But alas! would his high Heart be contented, in his having the Choice of +his<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65">[Pg 65]</a></span> Acquaintance so limited? How many for their Friends, others for +themselves, and some too in the Dread of being the future Objects of his +Spleen, would he feel had undesired the Knowledge or the Sight of him! +But what’s all this to you, Mr. <i>Pope</i>? For, as <i>Shakespear</i> says, <i>Let +the gall’d Horse wince, our Withers are unwrung</i>! But however, if it be +not too late, it can do you no harm to look about you: For if this is +not as yet your Condition, I remember many Years ago, to have seen you, +though in a less Degree, in a Scrape, that then did not look, as if you +would be long out of another. When you used to pass your Hours at +<i>Button</i>’s, you were even there remarkable for your satyrical Itch of +Provocation; scarce was there a Gentleman of any Pretension to Wit, whom +your unguarded Temper had not fallen upon, in some biting Epigram; among +which you once caught a Pastoral Tartar, whose Resentment, that your +Punishment might be proportion’d to the Smart of your Poetry, had stuck +up a Birchen Rod in the Room, to be ready, whenever you might come +within reach of it; and at this rate you writ and rallied, and writ on, +till you rhym’d yourself quite out of the Coffee-house. But<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66">[Pg 66]</a></span> if Solitude +pleases you, who shall say you are not in the right to enjoy it? Perhaps +too, by this time you may be upon a par with Mankind, and care as little +for their Company as they do for Yours: Though I rather hope you have +chosen to be so shut up, in order to make yourself a better Man. If you +succeed in <i>that</i>, you will indeed be, what no body else, in haste will +be, A better Poet, than you <i>Are</i>. And so, Sir, I am, just as much as +you believe me to be,</p> + +<p><span style="margin-left: 12em;"><i>Your Humble Servant</i>,</span></p> +<p><span style="margin-left: 16em;"><span class="smcap">Colley Cibber.</span></span></p> + +<p><i>July</i> the 7th<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">1742.</span></p> + +<p> </p> +<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/i_082.jpg" alt="" /></div> + +<p> </p><p> </p> +<hr style="width: 50%;" /> +<p class="center">WILLIAM ANDREWS CLARK<br /> +MEMORIAL LIBRARY<br /> +UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES</p> +<p> </p> +<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/decoend.jpg" alt="" /></div> +<p> </p> +<p class="center"><big><span class="smcap">The Augustan Reprint Society</span></big></p> +<p class="center"><span class="smcaplc">PUBLICATIONS IN PRINT</span></p> + +<p> </p><p> </p><p> </p> +<p class="center"><big>The Augustan Reprint Society</big></p> +<p class="center"><span class="smcaplc">PUBLICATIONS IN PRINT</span></p> +<p> </p> +<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/decoend2.jpg" alt="" /></div> +<p> </p> + +<table width="60%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="5" summary="publications"> +<tr><td colspan="2" align="center"><b>1948-1949</b></td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">16.</td><td>Henry Nevil Payne, <i>The Fatal Jealousie</i> (1673).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">17.</td><td>Nicholas Rowe, <i>Some Account of the Life of Mr. William Shakespear</i> (1709).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">18.</td><td>Anonymous, “Of Genius,” in <i>The Occasional Paper</i>, Vol. III, No. 10 +(1719), and Aaron Hill, Preface to <i>The Creation</i> (1720).</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2" align="center"><b>1949-1950</b></td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">19.</td><td>Susanna Centlivre, <i>The Busie Body</i> (1709).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">20.</td><td>Lewis Theobald, <i>Preface to the Works of Shakespeare</i> (1734).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">22.</td><td>Samuel Johnson, <i>The Vanity of Human Wishes</i> (1749), and two <i>Rambler</i> papers (1750).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">23.</td><td>John Dryden, <i>His Majesties Declaration Defended</i> (1681).</td></tr> + +<tr><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2" align="center"><b>1951-1952</b></td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">26.</td><td>Charles Macklin, <i>The Man of the World</i> (1792).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">31.</td><td>Thomas Gray, <i>An Elegy Wrote in a Country Churchyard</i> (1751), and <i>The Eton College Manuscript</i>.</td></tr> + +<tr><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2" align="center"><b>1952-1953</b></td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">41.</td><td>Bernard Mandeville, <i>A Letter to Dion</i> (1732).</td></tr> + +<tr><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2" align="center"><b>1962-1963</b></td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">98.</td><td>Selected Hymns Taken Out of Mr. Herbert’s <i>Temple ...</i> (1697).</td></tr> + +<tr><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2" align="center"><b>1964-1965</b></td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">109.</td><td>Sir William Temple, <i>An Essay Upon the Original and Nature of Government</i> (1680).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">110.</td><td>John Tutchin, <i>Selected Poems</i> (1685-1700).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">111.</td><td>Anonymous, <i>Political Justice</i> (1736).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">112.</td><td>Robert Dodsley, <i>An Essay on Fable</i> (1764).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">113.</td><td>T. R., <i>An Essay Concerning Critical and Curious Learning</i> (1698).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">114.</td><td>Two Poems Against Pope: Leonard Welsted, <i>One Epistle to Mr. A. Pope</i> (1730), +and Anonymous, <i>The Blatant Beast</i> (1742).</td></tr> + +<tr><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2" align="center"><b>1965-1966</b></td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">115.</td><td>Daniel Defoe and others, <i>Accounts of the Apparition of Mrs. Veal</i>.</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">116.</td><td>Charles Macklin, <i>The Covent Garden Theatre</i> (1752).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">117.</td><td>Sir Roger L’Estrange, <i>Citt and Bumpkin</i> (1680).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">118.</td><td>Henry More, <i>Enthusiasmus Triumphatus</i> (1662).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">119.</td><td>Thomas Traherne, <i>Meditations on the Six Days of the Creation</i> (1717).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">120.</td><td>Bernard Mandeville, <i>Aesop Dress’d or a Collection of Fables</i> (1740).</td></tr> + +<tr><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2" align="center"><b>1966-1967</b></td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">123.</td><td>Edmond Malone, <i>Cursory Observations on the Poems Attributed to Mr. Thomas Rowley</i> (1782).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">124.</td><td>Anonymous, <i>The Female Wits</i> (1704).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">125.</td><td>Anonymous, <i>The Scribleriad</i> (1742). Lord Hervey, <i>The Difference +Between Verbal and Practical Virtue</i> (1742).</td></tr> + +<tr><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2" align="center"><b>1967-1968</b></td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">129.</td><td>Lawrence Echard, <i>Prefaces to Terence’s Comedies</i> (1694) and <i>Plautus’s Comedies</i> (1694).</td></tr> + +<tr><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2" align="center"><b>1968-1969</b></td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">133.</td><td>John Courtenay, <i>A Poetical Review of the Literary and Moral Character of the Late Samuel Johnson</i> (1786).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">134.</td><td>John Downes, <i>Roscius Anglicanus</i> (1708).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">135.</td><td>Sir John Hill, <i>Hypochondriasis, a Practical Treatise</i> (1766).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">136.</td><td>Thomas Sheridan, <i>Discourse ... Being Introductory to His Course of +Lectures on Elocution and the English Language</i> (1759).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">137.</td><td>Arthur Murphy, <i>The Englishman From Paris</i> (1736).</td></tr> + +<tr><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2" align="center"><b>1969-1970</b></td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">138.</td><td>[Catherine Trotter], <i>Olinda’s Adventures</i> (1718).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">139.</td><td>John Ogilvie, <i>An Essay on the Lyric Poetry of the Ancients</i> (1762).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">140.</td><td><i>A Learned Dissertation on Dumpling</i> (1726) and <i>Pudding Burnt to +Pot or a Compleat Key to the Dissertation on Dumpling</i> (1727).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">141.</td><td>Selections from Sir Roger L’Estrange’s <i>Observator</i> (1681-1687).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">142.</td><td>Anthony Collins, <i>A Discourse Concerning Ridicule and Irony in Writing</i> (1729).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">143.</td><td><i>A Letter From A Clergyman to His Friend, With An Account of the Travels of Captain Lemuel Gulliver</i> (1726).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">144.</td><td><i>The Art of Architecture, A Poem. In Imitation of Horace’s Art of Poetry</i> (1742).</td></tr> + +<tr><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2" align="center"><b>1970-1971</b></td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">145-146.</td><td>Thomas Shelton, <i>A Tutor to Tachygraphy, or Short-writing</i> (1642) and <i>Tachygraphy</i> (1647).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">147-148.</td><td><i>Deformities of Dr. Samuel Johnson</i> (1782).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">149.</td><td><i>Poeta de Tristibus: or the Poet’s Complaint</i> (1682).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">150.</td><td>Gerard Langbaine. <i>Momus Triumphans: or the Plagiaries of the English Stage</i> (1687).</td></tr> + +<tr><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2" align="center"><b>1971-1972</b></td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">151-152.</td><td>Evan Lloyd, <i>The Methodist.</i> A Poem (1766).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">153.</td><td><i>Are these Things So?</i> (1740), and <i>The Great Man’s Answer to Are these Things So?</i> (1740).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">154.</td><td>Arbuthnotiana: <i>The Story of the St. Albans Ghost</i> (1712), and <i>A +Catalogue of Dr. Arbuthnot’s Library</i> (1779).</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="top" align="right">155-156.</td><td>A Selection of Emblems from Herman Hugo’s <i>Pia Desideria</i> +(1624), with English Adaptations by Francis Quarles and Edmund Arwaker.</td></tr></table> + + + +<p> </p><p> </p> +<p class="center">THE AUGUSTAN REPRINT SOCIETY<br /> +William Andrews Clark Memorial Library<br /> +<span class="smcap">University of California, Los Angeles</span><br /> +2520 Cimarron Street (at West Adams), Los Angeles, California 90018</p> + +<p class="note"><br />Publications of the first fifteen years of the Society (numbers 1-90) +are available in paperbound units of six issues at $16.00 per unit, from +the Kraus Reprint Company, 16 East 46th Street, New York, N. 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