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| committer | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-14 19:58:50 -0700 |
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diff --git a/33078-h/33078-h.htm b/33078-h/33078-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3ae1f4c --- /dev/null +++ b/33078-h/33078-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,3717 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> + <head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" /> + <title> + The Project Gutenberg eBook of Harper's Round Table, July 30, 1895, by Author. + </title> + <style type="text/css"> +/*<![CDATA[ XML blockout */ +<!-- + p { margin-top: .75em; + text-align: justify; + margin-bottom: .75em; + } + h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 { + text-align: center; /* all headings centered */ + clear: both; + } + hr { width: 33%; + margin-top: 2em; + margin-bottom: 2em; + margin-left: auto; + margin-right: auto; + clear: both; + } + + table {margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;} + + body{margin-left: 10%; + margin-right: 10%; + } + + .pagenum { /* uncomment the next line for invisible page numbers */ + /* visibility: hidden; */ + position: absolute; + left: 92%; + font-size: smaller; + text-align: right; + } /* page numbers */ + + .blockquot{margin-left: 5%; margin-right: 10%;} + + .center {text-align: center;} + .smcap {font-variant: small-caps;} + .u {text-decoration: underline;} + + .caption {font-weight: bold;} + + .figcenter {margin: auto; text-align: center;} + + .figleft {float: left; clear: left; margin-left: 0; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: + 1em; margin-right: 1em; padding: 0; text-align: center;} + + .figright {float: right; clear: right; margin-left: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; + margin-top: 1em; margin-right: 0; padding: 0; text-align: center;} + + /* XML end ]]>*/ + </style> + </head> +<body> + + +<pre> + +Project Gutenberg's Harper's Round Table, July 30, 1895, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Harper's Round Table, July 30, 1895 + +Author: Various + +Release Date: July 4, 2010 [EBook #33078] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S ROUND TABLE, JULY 30, 1895 *** + + + + +Produced by Annie McGuire + + + + + +</pre> + + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary=""> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#JOES_SCHEME"><b>JOE'S SCHEME.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#BOYS_AND_GIRLS_AS_RULERS_OF_MEN"><b>BOYS AND GIRLS AS RULERS OF MEN.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#PRISCILLA"><b>PRISCILLA.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#CORPORAL_FRED"><b>CORPORAL FRED.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#OAKLEIGH"><b>OAKLEIGH.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#STORIES_OF_OUR_GOVERNMENT"><b>STORIES OF OUR GOVERNMENT.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#THE_PUDDING_STICK"><b>THE PUDDING STICK</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#WEATHER_INDICATIONS"><b>WEATHER INDICATIONS.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#HOW_TO_MAKE_A_HERBARIUM"><b>HOW TO MAKE A HERBARIUM.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#INTERSCHOLASTIC_SPORT"><b>INTERSCHOLASTIC SPORT</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#STAMPS"><b>STAMPS</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#BICYCLING"><b>BICYCLING</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#CAMERA_CLUB"><b>CAMERA CLUB.</b></a></td></tr> +</table></div> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_761" id="Page_761">[Pg 761]</a></span></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 1000px;"> +<img src="images/ill_001.jpg" width="1000" height="331" alt="HARPER'S ROUND TABLE" title="" /> +</div> + +<p class="center">Copyright, 1895, by <span class="smcap">Harper & Brothers</span>. All Rights Reserved.</p> + +<hr style='width: 100%;' /> + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="100%" summary=""> +<tr><td align='left'>PUBLISHED WEEKLY.</td><td align='center'>NEW YORK, TUESDAY, JULY 30, 1895.</td><td align='right'>FIVE CENTS A COPY.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>VOL. XVI.—NO. 822.</td><td align='center'></td><td align='right'>TWO DOLLARS A YEAR.</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<hr style='width: 100%;' /> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 700px;"><a name="JOES_SCHEME" id="JOES_SCHEME"></a> +<img src="images/ill_002.jpg" width="700" height="504" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<h2>JOE'S SCHEME.</h2> + +<h3>BY J. SANFORD BARNES, JUN.</h3> + +<p>The sharp crackling of the gravel, and the sound of a horse's hoofs +coming up the driveway which led to the Thompsons' house, told Joe that +Ned was going to be as prompt as he always was when the two boys had +made any appointment, so he dropped his book, and ran to the door just +as a neat little buckboard pulled up at the doorstep.</p> + +<p>"Hello, Ned!" said Joe; "just on time. I knew that was you the moment I +heard the rig turn in the gate. Wait till I get my hat and I'll drive to +the stable with you. Say, will you stay to lunch? Jerry'll take care of +him," he nodded toward the little roan, and disappeared in the doorway. +In a moment he was back again, and jumping in with Ned they spun off to +the stable, where Jerry, the coachman, promised to see that Tot should +get his full measure of feed at noon.</p> + +<p>"Now, to work," said Joe, "and after lunch we'll start off for the lake. +Just you wait till you've heard my scheme, and you'll think it a dandy; +see if you don't."</p> + +<p>"Well, what is it?" said Ned. "There's no use keeping it to yourself +forever."</p> + +<p>"Come up in the workshop, for we've got to spend the rest of the morning +there, and I'll tell you all about it."</p> + +<p>The boys on leaving the stable turned down towards the farm barns, where +in one of the vacant rooms Mr. Thompson had fitted up a neat little +carpenter shop for his son. In one corner was a first-class lathe for +all kinds of wood-turning, and across the room was a long carpenter's +bench with all the appliances complete, while over in one of the other +corners was what remained of Joe's first scroll-saw, rather dilapidated +and cheap-looking now, but still of some service. Joe would not have +parted with it even if<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_762" id="Page_762">[Pg 762]</a></span> he did not use it, for with it he developed his +first love for carpentry, which had finally led to the present shop.</p> + +<p>"Now look here," said Joe; "my scheme is the simplest in the world; it's +a plan to catch those bass in Laurel Lake which we can't get any way +we've tried so far. It isn't the bait. Jingo! we've tried everything, +from grasshoppers, dobsons, and live bait down to worms; they just look +at it, and then look up at the boat over their heads, and scoot. +Remember that monster we saw off Sea Lion last Tuesday? What would you +give to get him, eh?"</p> + +<p>"What would I give? Why, Joe, he's the biggest bass in that lake. I'd +give—now, let me see," said Ned, scratching his head as he turned it +from one side to the other; "I'd be willing to throw my new rod in the +lake and stop fishing the rest of the summer."</p> + +<p>"So would I," said Joe. "But look here, just get that cross-cut saw and +help me get this plank so that we can get at it, and I'll explain as we +go along." Joe measured off on the board ten divisions of eight inches +each, and started sawing across the first line. "Now, you see," said he, +"what I propose is that we take each of these ten pieces, cut up that +old line of mine into lengths of about eight or nine feet, and +then—see? Isn't that easy? The beauty of it is that we have a chance in +ten different places; just string them along the shore, leave them, and +while we wait jump in and play fish ourselves off Baldwin's Cliff; we +can easily watch the floats from there. Catch?"</p> + +<p>Ned had been listening eagerly, and approved the scheme heartily, only +wondering why it had not occurred to them before. When Joe finished, Ned +raised the question of bait, but was put off by Joe's saying there would +be time enough to get all the grasshoppers and crickets they wanted, and +maybe a few frogs, so they went to work, coats off, and sleeves rolled +up in a businesslike manner. In the course of an hour or more they had +that part of the work all done, and a short time afterwards they started +up to the stable with their arms full of their invention, and deposited +it complete in the box under the seat of Ned's buckboard.</p> + +<p>"Now for bait," said Joe; "you take this box and keep along by that old +stone wall and look sharp for crickets. There are lots of old boards and +stones there; turn them all over and you'll get enough. I'll stick to +this field and get the 'hoppers."</p> + +<p>They separated, and were soon hard at work, both using their hands to +catch the wily bait; Ned said he never had any luck with 'hoppers or +crickets that were caught with a butterfly net. After an hour they +decided they had enough, and turned down toward a small stream which ran +through the meadow, and got a dozen or more frogs, and so complete in +all the details of their plan they came into the house and sat down to +lunch. It seemed to both the boys entirely too long, and Joe fidgeted so +much that his father noticed it, and tried to find out what the cause +was.</p> + +<p>"No, nothing's the matter, only we want to hurry up and get to the lake. +We've got a scheme, and later we're going to have a swim."</p> + +<p>"What is it, Joe?" said Mr. Thompson. "What's up? You're not going to +catch that Jonah's whale you told me about with dynamite or anything +like that, are you? You had better try putting salt on his tail," he +added, jokingly, and he quietly passed the salt-cellar to Joe. "Come, +fill your pockets; you'll need it."</p> + +<p>Now it might as well be said right here that Mr. Thompson owned many a +fine split bamboo rod, and two or three beautiful guns, and that there +were pictures of partridges and woodcock in his den. Two fishing +pictures in particular, which had always been Joe's delight, hung near +the door, one of a great trout rolling up to take a fly as it skimmed +the surface of the water, while the other, its mate, was of a fine +small-mouthed bass clearing the water, and shaking himself in the air in +his efforts to break away from the hook which had tempted him. In fact, +Mr. Thompson was a sportsman of the truest kind. Little did Ned and Joe +know how near he came to adding set lines to dynamite when talking +seriously before he mentioned the salt. If he had been told "the scheme" +this story would never have been written, but the boys went off unaware +of what Mr. Thompson's views were on the method they had devised to try +the bass in Laurel Lake. They took their rods and bait, of course, but +kept mum about what was rattling under the seat as Jerry drove Tot up to +the door.</p> + +<p>A mile and a half and they turned in at old Farmer Sayre's, hitched and +blanketed the pony, and with their variety of equipment went down to the +shore of the lake, where their boat was made last.</p> + +<p>"Go ahead, Ned, you row," said Joe; "we'll get there quicker, and I'm +most crazy to see how she works; aren't you?"</p> + +<p>"You bet," replied Ned. "Shove off. Let fall," he added, giving himself +part of the orders he had picked up but a week before, while on a visit +to a friend on the Sound. "Give way; how's that for nautical, Joe?"</p> + +<p>"Never mind nautical," said Joe; "git there is what we want. <i>One</i>, +two—now, now!" He grunted out each word to help Ned, who was pulling +with all his might, and the light little boat jumped ahead at each +stroke.</p> + +<p>Around the point, which formed the bay in which the boat was kept, on +the shore, but partly hidden by the trees, was an old, rather +dilapidated ice-house; it was called that by courtesy, for it was no +house at all; it had no roof—it never had one—but it was used once to +store ice in, and the fishing-ground along the shore in front of it had +always been designated by the boys as "off the ice-house." Ned and Joe +claimed to themselves that they alone knew of the existence of a certain +ledge which ran for some distance parallel to the shore, but much +farther out than the average fisherman would think of dropping anchor.</p> + +<p>As they approached the place, in order to get the right spot to leave +the first float, which had a choice fat frog wriggling at the end of the +line, Ned slowed down and began to row quietly. He got a certain stump +on a point of land in line with the roof of a barn way back on the +hill-side, and was watching for the cross-line, a clump of bright +willows with a scraggly dead tree some distance behind them.</p> + +<p>"Whoa, slowly," said Joe, who was also watching. "There! hold her, and +I'll let him go. There, my fine friend," he added, addressing the frog; +"good-by to you and good luck to us. Now, a stroke or two: there, let +her slide! And to you, Mr. Hoppergrass, good-by, and good-luck." He +gently dropped the line over the side, and, so with the others, all had +a farewell given them as they were dropped over at intervals. Then the +boys rowed on towards Baldwin's Cliff, keeping their eyes on the small +floats as they left them bobbing under and over the tiny waves.</p> + +<p>About four o'clock Ned and Joe had had enough swimming and diving, and +fetching white stones from the bottom; they had been in, as was usually +the case, too long, yet both wanted to stay in longer. Nothing had +happened, as far as they could see, to their floats, and they felt +keenly disappointed. They had hardly noticed that the clouds were +gathering over the hills, and that the wind had risen so that little +white caps had sprung up, and were dancing in towards shore. But a low +mutter of thunder startled them, and they saw now no way but to adopt a +means for shelter which they had followed before to keep dry.</p> + +<p>"Hurry up, Ned," said Joe; "make for the boat; that storm's a dandy, and +coming like thunder, too. It's pouring at the end of the lake already."</p> + +<p>The boys put for the boat as hard as they could, and a moment later had +her beached and rolled over, and their clothes snugly tucked away under +perfect shelter.</p> + +<p>"Here she is!" they both cried at the same moment, as the rain started +to come down in large noisy drops, and the wind caught the spray from +the water and whirled it along in sudden gusts.</p> + +<p>"Let her rain," said Joe; "but doesn't that sting your back, it does +mine; and that wind's cold, too. I'm going to swim out a way, the +water's warmer than here."</p> + +<p>So Joe plunged in and swam out from the shore.</p> + +<p>Ned watched him as he paddled around in the deep water; he did not +exactly like the idea. The whole scene, with the dark lowering clouds, +broken now and then by the jagged streaks of lightning, each one +followed by a sharp and startling smash and roar, made him shiver, and +the large drops and an occasional hailstone made him skip<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_763" id="Page_763">[Pg 763]</a></span> around on the +beach. The situation was exciting, though, and Joe, now quite a way out, +felt the tingles creep through him. Finally, as Ned was still watching +Joe, he saw him start forward with the overhand Indian stroke, making +straight for the middle of the lake. He put his hands to his mouth and +shouted:</p> + +<p>"Say, Joe! come back here! Don't be a fool; come back!"</p> + +<p>Joe paid no attention; he did not hear the call, which was carried back +into the woods by the gusts of wind; he kept on straight ahead, swimming +as though in a race.</p> + +<p>Ned turned and looked at the boat and then at Joe. "I know what's the +matter," he said, aloud; "he's seen one of the floats way out there, and +he's after it; but he can't stand it, I know he can't; he'll be all +tired out when he gets there, and then when he has to tread water and +play that fish—" Here he stopped, and gave a long low whistle. "By +jingo! he must be a monster! why, he's towed that float nearly a hundred +yards dead against this sea. No, sir! Joe can't do it, and here goes for +wet clothes to get home in."</p> + +<p>Ned had hardly finished speaking, and inwardly calling Joe some hard +names for his foolishness, when he heard a cry from the water:</p> + +<p>"Ned, oh, Ned! he's a whale! Hurry with the boat; I'm tuckered! Hurry!"</p> + +<p>The last call to hurry was rather faint, and sounded almost as bad to +Ned as if it had been "help" that Joe had cried; it made his heart leap +in his throat.</p> + +<p>"Let go the line," Ned cried back, "and keep your head, and I'll be +there in a moment."</p> + +<p>Again the words were lost in the wind, and Joe continued his struggle. +In his excitement he felt that letting go that line would be like +cutting it, and he hung on, now thrashing and splashing as the fish +started to twine the line around his legs, and the sharp points of his +fins pricked him. It was a case of the fish playing Joe, a pretty even +struggle, but Joe was game and bound to have him. He did not appreciate +that his strokes and kicks to keep his head up over the choppy surface +of the lake were leaving him weaker and weaker.</p> + +<p>As Joe turned his head a moment towards shore he saw Ned pulling towards +him with all his strength; a moment later a wave struck him full in the +face and caught him with his mouth open; he gulped and choked, and again +started thrashing and struggling to gain his breath, but all he could do +was to give a feeble cry of "help," then he sank out of sight, holding +fast to the line.</p> + +<p>Ned heard the faint cry, and turned as he rowed against the storm, which +was now luckily falling as quickly as it had come up. The only thing he +saw was the small piece of board tip up on its side and disappear. +"Thank goodness he had hold of that line!" murmured Ned. "Now brace +yourself," he added, aloud, "and keep cool, keep cool, keep cool."</p> + +<p>It seemed to Ned that he said those words a thousand times; he was right +on the spot, and was standing and waiting. The strain was something +awful. He knew a good deal about swimming and about its dangers, and +knew that a person had to come up twice, and that the third time down +was down for good. He thought that Joe had not called before, yet he +could not tell; but there was only one thing to do—wait, and, as he had +said, "keep cool."</p> + +<p>Ages and ages seemed to pass as Ned, shivering and pale, strained his +eyes to see the block of wood appear again. Suddenly he caught a glimpse +of the bit of wood slowly rising close by the side of the boat, and +below it, as it came up zigzagging to the surface, he saw the white body +following. It was a lucky thing that a stout trolling-line had been used +in the scheme, for Ned reached far over the gunwale and firmly seized +the line, then gently and steadily pulled the heavy weight to the +surface. There were no signs of life in Joe's limp body; his cramped +hand held the line twisted about his fingers, his eyes were closed, and +his mouth half open.</p> + +<p>Ned grasped the wrist which appeared first, and drew Joe along towards +the bow of the boat, so that there would be no chance of capsizing. He +lay out flat over the bow and held Joe under the arms, keeping his head +well out of water, and waited. There was nothing to be done now but +<i>wait</i>; no one was in sight, and shouting would have done no good, so he +held on in his cramped position and watched the boat get a little +headway in drifting towards shore, driven by the light wind. The sun had +come out again, and blue patches of sky were appearing through the +fast-flying clouds.</p> + +<p>As the boat reached the shallow water, Ned leaped out up to his waist, +still clinging to Joe's wrist; a moment more and he had him safe on +shore, and, strange to say, there, too, was the cause of the trouble, +the huge bass, still fast to the hook, which was far out of sight down +his throat. The fight had been too much for him, and as Ned half carried +Joe up the beach to a mossy bank, he also hauled the monster bass, that +showed not a quiver of the gills or a movement of fin or tail. Ned +placed Joe softly down, with his feet up on the bank and his head, face +downward, over a soft rotten log, and then began the work which meant +life or death. He had kept cool up to this time in a wonderful way, but +now he began to get excited. He rolled Joe over and over, and kneaded +him with his hands. Occasionally he stopped to listen to Joe's heart and +feel for the chance of a single breath. It was a strange sight but a +most impressive one—a young boy working for the life of his friend with +all the fervor and love that a close friendship could call forth. +Finally Ned's efforts began to have effect; there was a slight movement, +a slow turning of the limp body, and Ned felt that Joe was safe, and he +uttered a sigh that meant everything.</p> + +<p>Gradually Joe's eyes opened, and finally, after more rubbing, he slowly +sat up, and for the first time let go the line which he had held +stronger than a vise up to this time.</p> + +<p>"Ned," he said, feebly, "where am I? Where have I been? I can't remember +anything. I am awful cold," he continued, and a shiver ran over him. "I +must have swallowed half the lake. But I'll be all right in a moment. +There! now I'm more comfortable," he added, as Ned propped him up +against an old stump. "Is that the fish? Oh! Now I remember it all. He +is a whale; I told you so; and I got him too!"</p> + +<p>The excitement of seeing the fish changed his thoughts from himself, and +the blood began to flow through his veins. The wind had died out, and +the sun was warm and cheering. The spirits of the boys rose, and they +began to forget a little of their narrow escape.</p> + +<p>"Joe," said Ned, "is my hair gray? It ought to be; you scared me half to +death."</p> + +<p>"I'm sorry, Ned," replied Joe, "but I didn't do it on purpose; but I'm +feeling rather queer. Let's get home."</p> + +<p>They put on their clothes, wet as they were, and Joe staggered to the +boat and fell into the stern seat and lifted the bass into his lap, +where he could look at him and feel him.</p> + +<p>As Ned, tired out and pale, took the oars and rowed slowly over the now +glassy water towards the bay, Joe listlessly took a small pair of scales +from his pocket and weighed the fish, and when he found that he weighed +over six pounds, just a little, he gave a long sigh.</p> + +<p>"That's the biggest bass on record for this lake, don't you think so?"</p> + +<p>Ned did not reply; he was too tired to even speak.</p> + +<p>The other floats had been washed ashore or had disappeared somewhere; +the boys did not look for them, or even think of them.</p> + +<p>Tot seemed to know that he was pulling two very tired boys, and went +along gently, and turned in of his own accord at the gate of the +Thompsons' place.</p> + +<p>Joe tottered as he got out of the buckboard, and held the bass up by the +gills, to the astonishment of his father and mother, who were at the +door to meet them. They had seen the storm come up, and had anxiously +awaited the boys' return. As he stepped forward, the set line and block +fell on the steps.</p> + +<p>The long story was being told in a slow and labored way by Joe after Ned +had gone, when it was interrupted by Mr. Thompson, who saw that his son +was growing pale and faint.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_764" id="Page_764">[Pg 764]</a></span></p> + +<p>"That'll do for the present," he said. "Now come with me, old man," and +putting his arm around Joe's waist, he gently helped him into the house +and up to his own room, where he was undressed and carefully tucked into +bed.</p> + +<p>"So you caught him on a set line, did you?" said Mr. Thompson, as he sat +by the bed-side, holding Joe's hand. "Now listen to a word of advice. +Don't ever use set lines again. Fish with your rod and reel if you want +to be called a true sportsman."</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="BOYS_AND_GIRLS_AS_RULERS_OF_MEN" id="BOYS_AND_GIRLS_AS_RULERS_OF_MEN"></a>BOYS AND GIRLS AS RULERS OF MEN.</h2> + +<h3>ALFONSO XIII., KING OF SPAIN.</h3> + +<h3>BY MRS. SERRANO.</h3> + +<p>There have been a great many Kings, since Kings first began to rule; but +perhaps the little boy who to-day wears the Spanish crown is the only +one among them all who was born a King; his father, Alfonso XII., having +died more than five months before his birth, the throne remaining vacant +during that time.</p> + +<p>For the young people of America Alfonso XIII. possesses an interest +apart from and superior to that which attaches to his exalted position +as the ruler of a great nation, in being a descendant of the +noble-minded and great-hearted Queen, the illustrious Isabella, who, by +her encouragement and assistance, enabled Columbus to undertake the +voyage across unknown seas which resulted in the discovery of a new +world.</p> + +<p>He is descended also from Henry of Navarre—the famous Henry of Navarre +whose white plume so often led his soldiers on to victory—through +Philip, Duke of Anjou, Henry's great-grandson, who succeeded to the +Spanish crown, under the title of Philip V., on the death of his uncle +Charles II. of Spain. Philip was the first of the Bourbon family who +reigned in Spain, as Henry of Navarre was the first of that family who +reigned in France.</p> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 457px;"> +<img src="images/ill_003.jpg" width="457" height="500" alt="THE KING OF SPAIN." title="" /> +<span class="caption">THE KING OF SPAIN.</span> +</div> + +<p>To the Spanish people, who sincerely mourned the death of Alfonso XII., +who had endeared himself to them by his frank and amiable disposition +and by his many good qualities, the birth of the young King, which took +place in the royal palace in Madrid on the 17th of May, 1886, was a +joyful event. It was announced to all Spain by the firing of twenty-one +cannon in every city throughout the kingdom. On the same day the infant +was proclaimed King, his mother, Queen Maria Cristina, who had acted as +Regent from the time of the late King's death, continued to fill the +same office during the young King's minority.</p> + +<p>A few weeks afterward, Queen Maria Cristina went with the royal infant, +in accordance with the Spanish custom, to the church of Atocha. She +drove to the church in a magnificent state carriage drawn by six horses +covered with plumes and glittering with gold, and followed by many other +splendid carriages. The Queen was dressed in deep mourning, and from +time to time she held up the little Alfonso, who wore neither cap nor +other head-covering, to the view of the people, who cheered and crowded +forward to obtain a sight of the infant King, while the band played the +Royal March.</p> + +<p>The little Alfonso grew and thrived, more or less like other babies, +until he was two years old, when he was taken in state to several of the +provinces to show him to his people. Then he first experienced the +uneasiness to which the head that wears a crown is said by Shakespeare +to be subject, for the incessant cheering of the people and the +ear-piercing strains of the martial music, wherever he was taken, +disturbed him so greatly at last that he would cry out in his baby +accents, "Stop, stop, no more!" Very soon, however, he began to grow +accustomed to the honors paid him, and when he was taken out walking by +the Queen, whose greatest pleasure it was, after he had learned to walk, +to go out walking unattended with her children, Alfonso holding her by +the hand while his two sisters walked in front, he would wave his hand +to every one who passed. Sometimes he would forget to return a bow or a +wave of a handkerchief, and then the Queen would say to him, "Bow, +Alfonso."</p> + +<p>At this time the little King had to take care of him and to attend upon +him a Spanish nurse and an English nurse and an Austrian and a Spanish +lady, besides his own special cook. The Spanish nurse of the royal +children is always brought from one particular part of Spain, the valley +of Paz, in the province of Santander, where one of the court physicians +goes to select the healthiest and most robust among the various +candidates for the position. As the young King is of a delicate +constitution, thought to have been inherited from his father, the +greatest care has been lavished upon him ever since his birth, the Queen +herself exercising a watchful supervision over every detail of his daily +life.</p> + +<p>About four years ago Alfonso had a very serious illness, which everybody +feared would terminate fatally, and which was probably due to a cause +that has made many another little boy ill. Being in the apartments of +his aunt, the Infanta Isabel, the elder sister of the Princess Eulalia, +whose visit to us at the time of the opening of the exposition at +Chicago made so pleasant an impression upon everybody, the Infanta gave +the little boy a box of bonbons of a particularly delicious kind, which, +seeing that he was observed by no one, he went on eating until he had +finished the box. During his illness he would often inquire after a +little lame girl to whom he used to give money in his drives to the +country, wonder what she was doing, and ask that bonbons should be sent +to her. All Spain followed the course of his illness with profound +anxiety, and there was no one who did not sympathize with the widowed +mother in her affliction, and rejoice with her when the dangerous +symptoms passed away and the sick boy began to recover.</p> + +<p>In October, 1892, Alfonso had another serious illness, the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_765" id="Page_765">[Pg 765]</a></span> result of a +cold, contracted probably at the celebration of the fourth centenary of +the discovery of America at Huelva, where he presided at the +inauguration of the monument erected to Columbus on the hill of La +Rabida. This sickness also caused for a time the greatest uneasiness.</p> + +<p>The young King begins the day by saluting the national flag from his +windows in the palace that look out upon the Plaza de Armas, where the +relieving of the guard takes place every morning at ten o'clock, a +ceremony which he loves to witness. He is passionately fond of +everything military. He takes a great interest in the soldiers, in what +they eat, and in other details of their life, and he often expresses +pity for the cold which the sentinels on guard at the palace must feel. +In the park at Miramar, when the troops are returning to their barracks +after drill, he may often be seen delightedly watching the soldiers +forming in line, and he returns their salute with a military salute. He +is very fond of horses, and the bigger they are the better he likes +them, as he himself says. He delights in military music and military +evolutions, and a review of the troops is one of his great pleasures. On +his seventh birthday he held a grand review of the troops, riding then +for the first time in public. On that occasion 40,000 troops were +reviewed.</p> + +<p>Since that time his education has been directed less exclusively by +women than before. His chief companions are his tutor, and the General +who is the Captain of the King's guard, with whom he loves to talk about +military matters. He still has his little playmates, however, and toys +in abundance. He is fond of riding and driving, and he has a little +carriage of his own, with two small Moorish donkeys to draw it, which +looks very odd among all the large carriages in the royal stables in +Madrid.</p> + +<p>When the weather is fine he spends almost the whole of the day at the +royal villa, called the Quinta del Pardo, situated a little outside +Madrid. He is driven there in a carriage generally drawn by four mules, +and is accompanied by his royal escort wearing their splendid uniforms +and long white plumes. He knows personally all the soldiers who form his +escort, and the moment he sees the Captain, as soon as the carriage +leaves the palace gate, he speaks to him, and continues chatting with +him all the way to the villa, the Captain riding beside the carriage +door. He is accompanied by his tutor, his governess, and generally one +other person.</p> + +<p>In the villa he is instructed in the studies suitable to his age, +particular attention being paid, however, to military science. The +venerable priest, who is his religious instructor, teaches him also the +Basque language, which is altogether different from the Spanish. In the +afternoon his two sisters, Isabel Teresa Cristina Alfonsa Jacinta, the +Princess of Asturias, who is now about fourteen years of age, and Maria +Teresa Isabel Eugenia Patrocinio Diega, the Infanta of Spain, who is +about twelve, often go out to take afternoon tea with him. In the +gardens of the villa he runs about and plays, after lessons are over, +just like other boys of his age, playing as familiarly with the children +of the gardener as if they were the sons of princes. Whatever money he +happens to have with him he gives to the children of the guard and to +such poor people as he may chance to meet on the way, for he is +extremely charitable and generous, both by nature and education, the +Queen, his mother, instilling into his mind the best and noblest +sentiments.</p> + +<p>In appearance Alfonso is interesting and attractive. His complexion is +very fair, his hair light and curly, his expression rather serious. His +usual dress is a sailor jacket and knickerbockers, sometimes sent from +Vienna by his grandmother, the Archduchess Isabel, sometimes ordered +from London by the Infanta Isabel, his aunt.</p> + +<p>He is a very intelligent child, is very vivacious, and his manners, +notwithstanding the high honors that have been paid to him since his +birth as the chief of a great nation, are entirely free from arrogance +and self-conceit. When the Queen Regent is holding audience in her +apartments in the palace, which are directly below his, he will often go +down and salute those who are waiting in the antechamber, giving them +his hand, even though he may never have seen them before, this frankness +of manner being a trait of the Spanish people, who are of all people the +most democratic.</p> + +<div class="figleft" style="width: 500px;"> +<img src="images/ill_004.jpg" width="500" height="385" alt="ALFONSO XIII., WITH HIS MOTHER AND SISTERS." title="" /> +<span class="caption">ALFONSO XIII., WITH HIS MOTHER AND SISTERS.</span> +</div> + +<p>He is very affectionate in his disposition, although he has a very firm +will; and he tenderly loves his mother, whom he also greatly respects, +and his sisters, who are his favorite playmates.</p> + +<p>He seems, as he grows older, however, to be perfectly conscious of his +exalted position. He knows that he is the King, and in the official +receptions and ceremonies at which he has to be present he rarely +becomes impatient however long and solemn they may be. One of these rare +occasions was during a royal reception in the throne-room. He was +sitting at the right hand of the Queen, and all the high functionaries +and courtiers were defiling past him, when he began to play with the +white wand of office of the Duke of Medina-Sidonia, a great officer of +the palace. Suddenly leaving his seat and the wand of the Duke he ran +down the steps of the throne, and mounted astride one of the bronze +lions that stand on either side of it. The act was so entirely childlike +and spontaneous, and was performed with so much grace, that it gave +every one present a sensation of real pleasure. Even the Queen herself, +while she regretted that the young King should have failed in the +etiquette of the occasion, could not help smiling.</p> + +<p>On another occasion of a similar kind he amused himself greatly watching +the Chinese diplomats, looking with wonder and delight at their silk +dresses, which he would touch from time to time with his little hands.</p> + +<p>What most attracted his attention, however, was the Chinese minister's +pigtail. He waited a long time in vain for a chance to look at it from +behind, for the Chinese are a very polite people, and the minister would +never think of turning his back upon the King. At last it occurred to +Alfonso to run and hide himself in a corner of the vast apartment, and +wait for his opportunity, which he did. After a while the President of +the Cabinet, seeing him in the corner, went over to him, and said, "What +is your Majesty doing here?" "Let me alone," answered the boy; "I am +waiting for the Chinese minister to turn round, so that I may steal up +behind him, and look at his pigtail."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_766" id="Page_766">[Pg 766]</a></span></p> + +<p>The boy King, like most other boys, is very fond of boats, as may be +gathered from the following anecdote. About three years ago the Queen +gave a musical at San Sebastian, a sea-port where the royal family spend +some months every summer for the sea-bathing, at which the Commandant of +the Port was present. The little Alfonso was very fond of the +Commandant, and had asked him for a boat, which the Commandant had +promised to give the boy. He had not yet done so, however, and seeing +him at the concert, the young King ran from one end of the room to the +other, when the concert was at its best, and, stopping in front of him, +said, "Commandant, when are you going to bring me the boat?"</p> + +<p>In San Sebastian the royal family have a magnificent palace called the +palace of Ayete, where, however, they live very simply. Alfonso plays +all day on the beach with his sisters and other children, running about +or making holes in the sand with his little shovel, in view of +everybody. He takes long drives also among the mountains and through the +valleys. Sometimes there is a children's party in the gardens of the +palace, when he mingles freely with his young guests. Indeed, it is not +always necessary that he should know who his playmates are. Not long +since he was getting out of the carriage with his mother at the door of +the palace in Madrid, when two little boys who were passing stopped to +look at the boy King. "Mamma, may I ask those two boys to come upstairs +to play with me?" Alfonso asked the Queen. "If you like," was the +answer. He accordingly went over to the two boys, and asked them +upstairs to play with him, and all three ran together up the palace +stairs to the King's apartments.</p> + +<p>The young King's birthday is always observed as a festival in the +palace, and on his Saint's day, also, which is the 23d of January, there +is always a grand reception. On this day it is the custom to confer +decorations on such public functionaries as have merited them.</p> + +<p>As a descendant of Queen Isabella there is something appropriate in +Alfonso having sent an exhibit—a small brass cannon—to the great Fair +in Chicago, at which he was the youngest exhibitor.</p> + +<p>It is fortunate for the young King and for the country over which he is +to rule that the important work of forming his character and educating +his heart has fallen to a woman so admirably qualified for the task as +the Queen Regent.</p> + +<p>Born on the 21st of July, 1858, Maria Cristina is now in the early prime +of life. Her appearance is distinguished and majestic; her manners are +simple and amiable. She has a sound understanding and a cultivated mind, +well stored with varied information. She is of a serious disposition, +and is religious without bigotry, and good without affectation. During +the lifetime of King Alfonso, her husband, she took no part whatever in +politics, so that when she was called upon to assume the important +responsibilities of the regency she was able to place herself above +political parties, and to be the Queen of the nation. She has had the +good fortune, in the midst of her personal grief—for the death of her +husband, whom she loved devotedly, was a terrible blow to her—to win +the good-will of the greater part of the Spanish people, and the respect +of all by the wisdom and discretion with which, through her ministers +and according to the constitution, she has governed the country. She is +exceedingly charitable, and delights especially in relieving the wants +of children; she gives large sums to children's aid societies. She +educates at her own expense the children of public functionaries who +have been left in poverty; she is constantly taking upon herself the +care of orphaned children, and no mother ever asks her help in vain.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p>"<span class="smcap">Tail-piece</span>." This title Hogarth, the celebrated English painter, gave +to his last work. It is said that the idea for it was first started +when, in the company of his friends, they sat around the table at his +home. His guests had consumed all of the eatables and <i>et cætera</i>, and +nothing remained but the empty plates and glasses. Hogarth, glancing +over the table, sadly remarked, "My next undertaking shall be the <i>end +of all things</i>." "If that is the case," replied one of his friends, +"your business will be finished, for there will be an end of the +painter." "There will be," answered Hogarth, sighing heavily.</p> + +<p>The next day he started the picture, and he pushed ahead rapidly, +seemingly in fear of being unable to complete it. Grouped in an +ingenious manner, he painted the following list to represent the end of +all things: a broken bottle; the but-end of an old musket; an old broom +worn to the stump; a bow unstrung; a crown tumbled to pieces; towers in +ruins; a cracked bell; the sign-post of an inn, called the "World's +End," falling down; the moon in her wane; a gibbet falling, the body +gone, and the chains which held it dropping down; the map of the globe +burning; Phœbus and his horses lying dead in the clouds; a vessel +wrecked; Time with his hour-glass and scythe broken; a tobacco-pipe with +the last whiff of smoke going out; a play-book opened, with the <i>exeunt +omnes</i> stamped in the corner; a statute of bankruptcy taken out against +nature; and an empty purse.</p> + +<p>Hogarth reviewed this work with a sad and troubled countenance. Alas! +something lacks. Nothing is wanted but this, and taking up his palette, +he broke it and the brushes, and then with his pencil sketched the +remains. "Finis, 'tis done!" he cried. It is said that he never took up +the palette again, and a month later died.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="PRISCILLA" id="PRISCILLA"></a>PRISCILLA.</h2> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">Miles Standish was a fellow</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">Who understood quite well, oh,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 18em;">In fighting with the redskins how to plan, plan, plan.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">But I think him very silly</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">When he wished to woo Priscilla</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 18em;">To send another man, man, man.</span><br /> +<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">For she said unto this other,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">Whom she loved more than a brother,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 18em;">"Why don't you speak, John Alden, for yourself, self, self?"</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">So of course John Alden tarried,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">And the fair Priscilla married,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 18em;">And they laid poor Captain Standish on the shelf, shelf, shelf.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="CORPORAL_FRED" id="CORPORAL_FRED"></a>CORPORAL FRED.</h2> + +<h4>A Story of the Riots.</h4> + +<h3>BY CAPTAIN CHARLES KING, U.S.A.</h3> + +<h3>CHAPTER II.</h3> + +<p>When morning came, old Wallace's face had grown a year older. Up to +midnight he had hoped that better counsels might prevail, and that the +meetings called by the leaders of kindred associations, such as the +Trainmen's Union, would result in refusal to sustain the striking +switchmen; but when midnight came, and no Jim, things looked ominous. A +sturdy, honest, hard-working fellow was Jim, devoted to his mother and +sisters, and proud of the little home built and paid for by their united +efforts. Content, happy, and hopeful, too, he seemed to be for several +years; but of late he had spent much time attending the meetings at +Harmonie Hall and listening to the addresses of certain semi-citizens, +whose names and accent alike declared their foreign descent, and whose +mission was the preaching of a gospel of discord. Their grievance was +not that their hearers were hungry or in rags, down-trodden or +oppressed, but that the higher officials of the road owned handsome +homes and equipages, and lived in a style and luxury beyond the means of +the honest toilers in the lower ranks. Jim used to come home with a +smile of content<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_767" id="Page_767">[Pg 767]</a></span> as he looked upon the happy healthful faces of his +mother and sisters, but for months past his talk had been of the way the +Williams people lived, how they rode in their parlor car and went to the +sea-shore every summer and to the theatre or opera every night, drove to +the Park in carriages, and hobnobbed with the swells in town. "Why, I +knew Joe Williams when he was yard-master and no bigger a man on the +road than I am to-day," said Jim, "and now look at him." His mother +laughingly bade him take comfort, then, from the contemplation of +Williams's success. If he could rise to such affluence, why shouldn't +Jim? Besides, Mr. Williams had married a wealthy woman. "Yes, the +daughter of another bloated bondholder," said Jim. A year or two before +they regarded it, one and all of them, as no bad thing that there were +men eager to buy the bonds and meet the expense of extending the road; +but since the advent of Messrs. Steinman and Frenzel, the orators of the +Socialist propaganda, Jim had begun to develop a feeling of antipathy +towards all persons vaguely grouped in the "capitalistic class."</p> + +<p>He had long since joined the Brotherhood of Trainmen, having confidence +in its benevolent and protective features. There was no actual coercion, +yet all seemed to find it to their best interest to belong to the union, +even though they merely paid the small dues and rarely attended its +meetings. These latter were usually conducted by a class of men +prevalent in all circles of society, fellows of some gift for +speech-making or debate. The quiet, thoughtful, and conservative rarely +spoke, and more frequently differed than agreed with the speakers, but +all through the year the meetings had become more turbulent and excited, +and little by little men who had been content and willing wage-workers +became infected with the theories so glibly expounded by the speakers. +They were the bone and sinew of the great corporation; why should not +they be rolling in wealth they won rather than seeing it lavished on the +favored few, their employers? The only way for workingmen to get their +fair percentage of the profits, said these leaders, was to strike and +stick together, for the men of one union to "back" those of another, and +then success was sure. Called from his home to a meeting of the +trainmen, Jim Wallace was one of the five hundred of his brethren to +decide whether or no they too should strike in support of their fellows, +the switchmen, demanding not only the restoration of the discharged +freight-handlers, but now also that of Stoltz. Old Wallace had firmly +told him No; they had no case. But by midnight the trainmen had said +Yes.</p> + +<p>An hour after midnight, anxious and unable to sleep, the father had +stolen quietly up into the boys' room. Jim's bed was unoccupied; but +over on the other side lay Corporal Fred, his duties early completed, +sleeping placidly and well. With two exceptions, all the companies of +his regiment were made up of men who lived in the heart of the city. The +two junior companies, "L" and "M," had been raised in the western +suburb, and as many as a dozen young fellows living almost as far west +as the great freight-yards were members of these. According to the +system adopted in some of the Eastern States, each company was divided +into squads, so that in the event of sudden need for their services the +summons could be quickly made. Every man's residence and place of work +or business were duly recorded. Each Lieutenant had two sergeants to aid +him, each sergeant, two corporals; and immediately on receipt of +notification, it was the business of each corporal to bustle around and +convey the order to the seven men comprising his squad. By ten o'clock +on the previous evening Fred Wallace had seen and notified every one of +his party, and then, returning home, had gone straightway to bed. "There +won't be much sleep after we're called out," said he, "so now is my +time."</p> + +<p>It would have been well for all his comrades had they followed his +example, but one or two of the weak-headed among them could not resist +the temptation of going to the freight-yards to see how matters were +progressing, and there, boy like, telling their acquaintances among the +silent, gloomy knots of striking railway men, that they too, "the +Guards," were ordered out. It was not strictly true, but young men and +many old ones rejoice in making a statement as sensational as possible. +It would not surprise or excite a striker to say "we've received orders +to be in readiness." It did excite them not a little when Billy Foster +told them in so many words, "Say, we've got our orders, and you +fellows'll have to look out."</p> + +<p>"There need be no resort to violence," said the leaders. "We can win at +a walk. The managers have simply got to come down as soon as they see +we're in earnest." And at ten o'clock at night the striking switchmen, +many of them ill at ease, had been waiting to see the prophesied "come +down" which was to be the immediate result of the tie-up. What the +leaders failed to mention to their followers as worthy of consideration +was that superintendents, yard-masters, conductors, engineers, brakemen, +and firemen, one and all had risen from the bottom, and could throw +switches just as well as those employed for no other purpose. It was +inconvenient, of course. It meant slow work at the start, but so far +from being paralyzed, as the leaders predicted, the officials went to +work with a vim. Silk-hatted managers, kid-gloved superintendents, and +"dude-collated" clerks were down in the train-shed swinging lanterns and +handling switches, and so it had resulted that all the night express +trains of the five companies using the Great Western tracks, one after +another, slowly, cautiously, but surely had threaded the maze of green +and red lights, and safely steamed over the four miles of shining steel +rails between the Union depot in the heart of the city and these +outlying freight-yards, and, only an hour or so behind time, had haunted +their long rows of brilliantly lighted plate-glass windows in the sullen +faces of the striking operatives, and then gone whistling merrily away +to their several destinations over the dim, starlit prairies. The +managers were only spurred, not paralyzed.</p> + +<p>"We'll win yet," said Stoltz, in a furious harangue to a thousand +hearers, one-tenth of them, only railway employés, the others being +recruited from the tramps, the ne'er-do-wells, the unemployed and the +criminal classes, ever lurking about a great city. "The managers cannot +play switchmen more than one night, and no men they hire dare attempt to +work in your places—if you're the men I take you to be. Now I'm going +to the trainmen's meeting to demand their aid." And go he did, with the +result already indicated.</p> + +<p>Half an hour after midnight, despite the protests of the old and +experienced men, the resolution to strike went through with a yell, and +when the dawn came, faint and pallid in the eastern sky, and the myriad +switch-lights in the dark, silent yards began to grow blear and dim, +there stood the long rows of freight cars doubly fettered now, for not +only were there no switchmen to make up the trains, there were no crews +to man them and take them to their destination. Jim Wallace had struck +with the rest.</p> + +<p>It was two o'clock when at last the father heard the heavy footfalls of +his first-born on the wooden walk without. There he seemed to pause for +some few words in low tone with a companion who had walked home with him +from the yards. Old Wallace, going to the door to meet his son, heard +these words as the other turned away. "And you tell Fred what I say. I'm +a friend of yours, and always have been, but the boys won't stand any +nonsense. It'll be the worst for him if he don't quit that militia +business at once, and if he don't, he won't be the only one to suffer."</p> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 500px;"> +<img src="images/ill_005.jpg" width="500" height="413" alt=""WHO THREATENS MY SON AND MY PEOPLE?" DEMANDED OLD WALLACE." title="" /> +<span class="caption">"WHO THREATENS MY SON AND MY PEOPLE?" DEMANDED OLD WALLACE.</span> +</div> + +<p>"Who is that?" demanded old Wallace, stepping promptly out from his +front door. "Who threatens my son or my people?"</p> + +<p>The stranger had stepped away into the shade of an ailantus-tree before +he answered. Jim Wallace stood in moody silence, confused by his +father's sudden appearance, and ashamed that such menace as this against +him and his should have been spoken without instant rebuke. "What I said +was meant in all friendship to you and yours, Mr. Wallace. You don't +know me, but I know you," said the stranger; with marked foreign accent, +but in civil tone. "I want to avert trouble from your roof if I can, and +therefore told Jim to get Fred out of that tin-soldier connection. No +son of yours ought to be used in the intimidation of honest<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_768" id="Page_768">[Pg 768]</a></span> workingmen +who only seek their rights, and if he is wise he'll quit it now and at +once."</p> + +<p>"No son of mine shall be intimidated from doing a sworn duty by any such +threats as yours," said Wallace, with rising wrath; "and if that's the +game you play I'm ashamed to think that son of mine has had anything to +do with you. Who are you, anyway? What do you mean by coming round +'intimidating honest workingmen,' as you say, at this hour of the night? +You're no trainman. Man and boy I've known the hands on this road nearly +forty years, and I never thought to see the day when rank outsiders +could come in and turn them against one another as you have. Who are +you, I say?"</p> + +<p>"Never mind who I am, Mr. Wallace. I speak what I know, and my voice is +that of ten thousand working—or more than working—<i>thinking</i> men. If +you're wise you'll see to it that this is the last time your boy carries +orders to his fellows to turn out against us, for that's what he has +done. If you <i>don't</i>, somebody may have to do it for you."</p> + +<p>"That isn't all!" shouted the old Scotchman, as the other turned away, +"and you hear this here and now. My voice is that of ten million +law-abiding people, high and low, rich and poor, and it says my boys +shall stand by their duty, the one to his employers, the other to his +regiment, you and your threats to the contrary notwithstanding. You +haven't struck, have you, Jim?" he asked, turning in deep anxiety to his +silent, crestfallen son.</p> + +<p>And for all answer Jim simply shrugged his broad shoulders and made a +deprecatory gesture with his brown, hairy hand, then turned slowly into +the little hallway, and went heavily to his room. At breakfast-time he +was gone.</p> + +<p>Fred came bounding in at half past six, alert and eager, yet with grave +concern on his keen young face. "I've been the length of the yards," he +said, "and I'm hungry as a wolf, mother. They say they're going to block +the incoming trains, and prevent others going out. Big crowds are +gathering already, and I shouldn't be surprised if we were ordered on +duty this very day. Where's Jim?"</p> + +<p>"He got up and dressed after you went out, Fred," was the reply. "He +said he wanted no breakfast. Father has gone early to the shops. He +thought he might meet you."</p> + +<p>"Well, I'll stop there to see him on my way to the office. I've got to +see Mr. Manners first thing about getting off if the call comes."</p> + +<p>"I hope he'll say no," said Jessie Wallace, promptly. She was the +younger, prettier sister, and the more impulsive.</p> + +<p>"You thought the regiment beautiful on Memorial day, Jess, and were glad +enough to go and see the parade," said Fred, with a mouth nearly full of +porridge.</p> + +<p>"That's different. I like the band, and the plumes and uniforms, and +parading and drilling, but I don't want you to be shot or stoned or +abused the way the other regiment was at the mines last spring."</p> + +<p>"Well, there's where you and Manners don't agree. He objects to my +belonging because of the parades and drills and summer camp, says it's +all vanity, foolishness, and that only popinjays want to wear uniforms. +I guess he'd be glad enough to have us in line if a mob should make a +break for the works, but I own I'm worried about what he'll say to-day."</p> + +<p>And Fred might well be worried. Dense throngs of excited men were +gathered along the yards as he wended his way to the works after a few +words with his father at the gloomy shop. An engine with some flat cars +had come out with newly employed men to man the switches. Engineer, +firemen, and the newly employed had to flee for their lives, and the +assistant-superintendent was being carried to the emergency hospital in +a police patrol wagon. Nobody was being carried to the police station. +"There'll be worse for the next load that comes," shouted Stoltz from +the sidewalk, and a storm of jeers and yells was the applauding answer. +These sounds were still ringing in young Wallace's ears when he came +before the manager. Mr. Manners turned round in his chair when Fred told +him of his orders of the night before.</p> + +<p>"Wallace," said he, "I told you last month that no man could serve two +masters. We can't afford to employ young men who at any time may be +called out to go parading with a lot of tin soldiers."</p> + +<p>"This isn't parade, sir; It's business. It's protecting life and +property."</p> + +<p>"Fudge!" said Manners; "let the police attend to that—or the regulars. +It's their business. If you leave your desk on any such ridiculous +orders you leave it for good."</p> + +<p>And at four o'clock that afternoon, towards the close of a day filled +with wild rumors of riot, bloodshed, and destruction, a young man in the +neat service dress of a sergeant of infantry—blue blouse and trousers, +and tan-colored felt hat and leggings—walked in to Corporal Fred's +office with a written slip in his hand, and Corporal Fred walked out.</p> + +<h4>[<span class="smcap">to be continued</span>.]</h4> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_769" id="Page_769">[Pg 769]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="OAKLEIGH" id="OAKLEIGH"></a>OAKLEIGH.</h2> + +<h3>BY ELLEN DOUGLAS DELAND.</h3> + +<h3>CHAPTER VI.</h3> + +<p>Jack and Neal entered into partnership in the poultry business.</p> + +<p>"You see, I sha'n't have a cent of my own until I am twenty-five," +explained Neal, "and my old grandmother left most of the cash to Hessie. +She had some crazy old-fashioned notions about men being able to work +for their living, but women couldn't. It's all a mistake. Nowadays women +can work just as well as men, if not better. Besides, they marry, and +their husbands ought to support them. Now, what am I going to do when I +marry?"</p> + +<p>Cynthia, who was present at this discussion, gave a little laugh. "Are +you thinking of taking this important step very soon? Perhaps you will +have time to earn a little first. Chickens may help you. Or you might +choose a wife who will work—you say women do it better than men—and +she will be pleased to support you, I have no doubt."</p> + +<p>They were on the river, tied up under an overhanging tree. Cynthia, who +had been paddling, sat in the stern of the canoe; the boys were +stretched in the bottom. It was a warm, lazy-feeling day for all but +Cynthia. The boys had been taking their ease and allowing her to do the +work, which she was always quite willing to do.</p> + +<p>"I'll tell you how it is," continued Neal, ignoring Cynthia's sarcasm. +"I'll have a tidy little sum when I am twenty-five, and until then +Hessie is to make me an allowance and pay my school and college +expenses. She's pretty good about it—about giving me extras now and +then, I mean—but you sort of hate to be always nagging at a girl for +money. It was a rum way of doing the thing, anyhow, making me dependent +on her. I wish my grandmother hadn't been such a hoot-owl."</p> + +<p>Cynthia looked at him reprovingly. "You are terribly disrespectful," she +said, "and I think you needn't make such a fuss. You're pretty lucky to +have such a sister as mamma."</p> + +<p>"Oh, Hessie might be worse, I don't deny. It's immense to hear you great +girls call her 'mamma,' though. I never thought to see Hessie marry a +widower with a lot of children. What was she thinking of, anyway?"</p> + +<p>"Well, you are polite! She was probably thinking what a very nice man my +father is," returned Cynthia, loftily.</p> + +<p>"He is a pretty good fellow. So far I haven't found him a bad sort of +brother-in-law. I don't know how it will be when I put in my demand for +a bigger allowance in the fall. I have an idea he could be pretty stiff +on those occasions. But that's why I want to go into the poultry +business."</p> + +<p>"And I don't mind having you," said Jack. "Sharing the profits is +sharing the expense, and so far I've seen more expense than profit. +However, when they begin to lay and we send the eggs to market, then the +money will pour in. I say we don't do anything but sell eggs. It would +be an awful bore to get broilers ready for market. By-the-way, I think +we had better go back now and finish up that brooder we were making."</p> + +<p>"Oh, no hurry," said Neal. "It won't take three minutes to do that, and +it's jolly out here. It's the coolest place I've been in to-day. Let's +talk some more about the poultry business. We'll call ourselves +'Franklin & Gordon, Oakleigh Poultry Farm.' That will look dandy on the +bill-heads. And we'll make a specialty of those pure white eggs. I say, +Cynthia, what are you grinning at?"</p> + +<p>"I am not grinning. I am not a Cheshire cat."</p> + +<p>"I don't know. I've already felt your claws once or twice. But you've +got something funny in your head. The corners of your mouth are +twitching, and your eyes are dancing like—like the river."</p> + +<p>Cynthia cast up her blue eyes in mock admiration.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_770" id="Page_770">[Pg 770]</a></span> "Hear! hear! He grows +poetical. But as you are so very anxious to know what I am 'grinning' +at," she added, demurely, "I'll tell you. I was only thinking of a +little proverb I have heard. It had something to do with counting +chickens before they are hatched."</p> + +<p>"Oh, come off!" exclaimed Jack, while Neal laughed good-naturedly.</p> + +<p>"And I've also a suggestion to make," went on Cynthia. "From what I have +gathered during our short acquaintance, I think Mr. Neal Gordon isn't +over-fond of exerting himself. I think it would be a good idea, Jack, +when you sign your partnership papers, or whatever they are, to put in +something about dividing the work as well as the expense <i>and</i> the +profits."</p> + +<p>"There go your claws again," said Neal. "Let's change the subject by +trying to catch a 'lucky-bug.'" And he made a grab towards the myriads +of insects that were darting hither and thither on the surface of the +water. "I'll give a prize—this fine new silver quarter to the one who +catches a 'lucky-bug.'"</p> + +<p>He laid the money on the thwart of the boat and made another dash.</p> + +<p>"When you have lived on the river as long as I have you'll know that +'lucky-bugs' can't be caught," said Cynthia. "Now see what you have +done, you silly boy!"</p> + +<p>For with Neal's last effort the quarter had flown from the canoe and +sunk with a splash in the river.</p> + +<p>"Good-by, quarter!" sang Neal. "I might find you if I thought it would +pay to get wet for the likes of you."</p> + +<p>"If that is the way you treat quarters, I don't wonder you think your +allowance isn't big enough," said Cynthia, severely; "and may I ask you +a question?"</p> + +<p>"You may ask a dozen; but the thing is, will I answer them?"</p> + +<p>"You will if I ask them. Were you ever in a canoe before?"</p> + +<p>"A desire to crush you tempts me to say 'yea,' but a stern regard for +truth compels me to answer 'nay.'"</p> + +<p>"You couldn't crush me if you tried for a week, and you couldn't make me +believe you had ever been in a canoe before, for your actions show you +haven't. People that have spent their time on yachts and sail-boats +think they can go prancing about in a canoe and catch all the lucky-bugs +they want. When you have upset us all you will stop prancing, I +suppose."</p> + +<p>"Claws again," groaned Neal, in exaggerated despair.</p> + +<p>"I say, Cynth, let's go back and put him to work on that brooder," said +Jack, who had been enjoying this sparring-match. "We'll see what work we +can get out of him."</p> + +<p>And, notwithstanding his remonstrances, Neal was paddled home and put to +work. Cynthia's "claws" did take effect, and for the first time in his +life he began to feel a little ashamed of being so lazy.</p> + +<p>Jack was one of the plodding kind. His mind was not as brilliant as +Neal's, nor his tongue as ready, but at the end of the year he would +have more to show than Neal Gordon.</p> + +<p>Mrs. Franklin carried out her plan of inviting their friends to the +"hatching bee," and Thursday was the day on which the chicks were +expected to come out. As the morning wore on Cynthia's excitement grew +more and more intense, and all the family shared it.</p> + +<p>"What shall we do if they don't come out?" she exclaimed a dozen times.</p> + +<p>At one o'clock a crack was discovered in one of the eggs in the +"thermometer row." At three it was a decided break, and several others +could be seen. Cynthia declared that she heard a chirping, but it was +very faint.</p> + +<p>Mrs. Franklin remained upstairs to receive the guests, who came down as +soon as they arrived. There were about a dozen girls and boys. +Fortunately the cellar was large and airy, and the coolest place to be +found on this warm summer day.</p> + +<p>And presently the fun began. Pop! pop! went one egg after another, and +out came a little struggling chick, which in due time floundered across +the other eggs or the deserted egg-shells, and flopped down to the +gravel beneath on the lower floor of the machine. It was funny to see +them, and, as they gradually recovered from their efforts, and their +feathers dried off, the little downy balls crowded at the front, and, +chirping loudly, pecked at the glass.</p> + +<p>Mrs. Franklin joined them now and then, and at last, when about seventy +chicks had been hatched, she insisted upon all coming upstairs for a +breath of fresh air before supper.</p> + +<p>Here a surprise awaited them. Unknown to her daughters Mrs. Franklin had +given orders that the supper-table should be arranged upon the lawn in +the shade of the house, and when Edith stepped out on the piazza she +paused in astonishment.</p> + +<p>What terrible innovation into the manners and customs of Oakleigh was +this? Last year, for a little party the children gave, she had wanted +tea on the lawn, but it could not be accomplished. How had the new-comer +managed to do it?</p> + +<p>"Isn't this too lovely!" cried Gertrude Morgan, enthusiastically, +turning to Edith. "My dear, I think you are the luckiest girl I ever +knew, to have any one give you such a surprise. Didn't you really know a +thing about it?"</p> + +<p>"I have been consulted about nothing," returned Edith, stiffly. She +would have liked to run upstairs and hide, out of sight of the whole +affair.</p> + +<p>"I hope you like the effect, Edith," said Mrs. Franklin, coming up to +her as she stood on the piazza step. "I thought it would be great fun to +surprise you."</p> + +<p>"I detest surprises of all kinds," replied Edith, turning away, "and it +seems to me I have had nothing else lately."</p> + +<p>Much disappointed and greatly hurt, Mrs. Franklin was about to speak +again, but at this moment Cynthia, enchanted with the success of the +hatch, and with the pretty sight on the lawn, rushed up to her +step-mother and squeezed her arm.</p> + +<div class="figleft" style="width: 500px;"> +<img src="images/ill_006.jpg" width="500" height="363" alt=""YOU ARE A PERFECT DEAR!" SHE WHISPERED. "EVERYTHING IS NICER SINCE YOU CAME."" title="" /> +<span class="caption">"YOU ARE A PERFECT DEAR!" SHE WHISPERED. "EVERYTHING IS NICER SINCE YOU CAME."</span> +</div> + +<p>"You are a perfect dear!" she whispered. "Everything is nicer since you +came. Even the chickens came out for you, and last time it was so +dreadful." And Mrs. Franklin smiled again and felt comforted.</p> + +<p>The table was decorated with roses and lovely ferns, strewn here and +there with apparent carelessness, but really after much earnest study of +effects. Bowls of great unhulled strawberries added their touch of +color, as did the generous slices of golden sponge-cake. The dainty +china and glass gleamed in the afternoon light, and the artistic +arrangement added not a little to the already good appetites of the boys +and girls.</p> + +<p>Fortunately Oakleigh was equal to any emergency in the eating line, and +as rapidly as the piles of three-cornered sandwiches, fairylike rolls, +and other goodies disappeared the dishes were replenished as if by +magic.</p> + +<p>After supper the piano was rolled over to the front window in the long +parlor.</p> + +<p>"Put it close to the window," said Mrs. Franklin, "and I will sit +outside, like the eldest daughter in <i>The Peterkins</i>, to play. That will +give me the air, and you can hear the music better."</p> + +<p>They danced on the lawn and played games to the music; then they +gathered on the porch and sang college songs, while the sun sank at the +end of the long summer day, and the stars came twinkling out, and +by-and-by the full moon rose over the tree-tops and flooded them with +her light.</p> + +<p>Altogether, Jack's second "hatching bee" was a success. A good time, a +good supper, and, best of all, one hundred and forty chickens. Yes, it +really seemed as if poultry were going to pay, and "Franklin & Gordon," +of the Oakleigh Poultry Farm, went to bed quite elated with prosperity.</p> + +<p>The next morning at breakfast they were discussing the matter, and Mr. +Franklin expressed his unqualified approval of the scheme.</p> + +<p>"If you succeed in raising your chickens, now that they are hatched, +Jack, my boy, I think you are all right. You owe Aunt Betsey a debt of +thanks. By-the-way, where is Aunt Betsey? Have you heard from her +lately?"</p> + +<p>There was no answer. Jack exploded into a laugh<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_771" id="Page_771">[Pg 771]</a></span> which he quickly +repressed, Edith looked very solemn, while Cynthia had the appearance of +being on the verge of tears.</p> + +<p>"I want to see Aunt Betsey," said Mrs. Franklin, as she buttered a roll +for Willy. "I think she must be a very interesting character."</p> + +<p>"It is very extraordinary that we have heard nothing from her," went on +Mr. Franklin. "What can be the meaning of it? When was she last here, +Edith?"</p> + +<p>"In June."</p> + +<p>"Was it when I was at home? Hasn't she been here since the time she gave +Jack the money for the incubator?"</p> + +<p>"That was in May. You were in Albany when she was here the last time."</p> + +<p>"It is very strange that she has never written nor come to see you, +Hester. It can't be that she is offended with something, can it? I must +take you up to Wayborough to see the dear old lady. I am very fond of +Aunt Betsey, and I would not hurt her feelings for the world."</p> + +<p>There was a pause, and then into the silence came Janet's shrill tones:</p> + +<p>"I know why Aunt Betsey's feelings are hurted. They was turribly hurted. +Edith an' Cynthia an' Jack all knows too."</p> + +<p>"Janet, hush!" interposed Edith.</p> + +<p>"Not at all; let the child speak," said her father. "What do you know, +Janet?"</p> + +<p>"Aunt Betsey came, an' she went to see Mrs. Parker, an' Mrs. Parker said +she'd been there before an' Aunt Betsey said she hadn't, an' it wasn't +Aunt Betsey at all, it was Cynthia dressed up like her, an' Aunt Betsey +said we was all naughty 'cause we didn't want the bride to come, an' the +bride was mamma, and we didn't want her, it was the trufe, an' Aunt +Betsey went off mad 'cause Cynthia dressed up like her. She wouldn't +stay all night, she just went off slam-bang hopping mad."</p> + +<p>"What does the child mean?" exclaimed her father. "Will some one +explain? Edith, what was the trouble?"</p> + +<p>"I would rather not say," said Edith, her eyes fastened on her plate.</p> + +<p>"That is no way to speak to your father. Answer me."</p> + +<p>"Papa, I cannot. It is not my affair."</p> + +<p>"It is your affair. I insist."</p> + +<p>"Wait, John," interposed Mrs. Franklin.</p> + +<p>"Not at all; I can't wait. Edith was here in charge of the family. +Something happened to offend Aunt Betsey. Now she must explain what it +was. I hold her responsible."</p> + +<p>"Indeed she's not, papa," said Cynthia, at last finding her voice. +"Edith is not to blame; I am the one. I found Aunt Betsey's false front, +and I dressed up and looked exactly like her, and Jack drove me to see +Mrs. Parker. Edith didn't want me to go, but I would do it. Really, +papa, Edith isn't a bit to blame. And then when Aunt Betsey came soon +afterwards she went to see Mrs. Parker, and she didn't like it because +she said she had been there two weeks ago and told her—I mean, Mrs. +Parker told me about—"</p> + +<p>Cynthia stopped abruptly.</p> + +<p>"Well, go on," said her father, impatiently.</p> + +<p>Still Cynthia said nothing.</p> + +<p>"Cynthia, will you continue? If not—"</p> + +<p>"Oh yes, papa; though—but—well, Mrs. Parker told me that you were +going to marry again. And then when Aunt Betsey really went, Mrs. Parker +said, 'I told you so.' Aunt Betsey didn't like that, and when she asked +us if she had been here, of course we had to say no, and she was going +right back to tell Mrs. Parker what we said; so I had to confess, and, +of course, Aunt Betsey didn't like it, and she went right home that +day."</p> + +<p>Mr. Franklin pushed back his chair from the table, and began to walk up +and down.</p> + +<p>"I am perfectly astonished at your doing such a thing, and more +astonished still that Edith—"</p> + +<p>"Papa, please don't say another word about Edith. She didn't want me to +go, and I would do it."</p> + +<p>"Why have you not told me all this before?"</p> + +<p>"Because, you see, I couldn't. I had heard that you were going to be +married, and I didn't believe it until you told me; at least—"</p> + +<p>Cynthia paused and grew uncomfortably red.</p> + +<p>"Poor child!" said Mrs. Franklin, smiling at her sympathetically. "It +must have been very hard for you."</p> + +<p>"It was," said Cynthia, simply; "only you know, mamma, I don't feel a +bit so now. And then when you came home, papa, it was all so exciting I +forgot about it, and I have only thought of it once in a while, +and—well, I've been afraid to tell you," she added, honestly.</p> + +<p>"I should think so! I am glad you have the grace to be ashamed of +yourself, Cynthia. Has no apology gone to Aunt Betsey?"</p> + +<p>"No, papa."</p> + +<p>"It is outrageous. The only thing to do is to go there at once. Jack, +get the <i>Pathfinder</i>."</p> + +<p>The <i>Pathfinder</i>, boon of New England households, was brought, and Mr. +Franklin studied the trains for Wayborough.</p> + +<p>"Hester, you had better come too. It is only proper that I should take +you to call on Aunt Betsey. Get ready now, and we will go for the day."</p> + +<p>The Franklins were quite accustomed to these sudden decisions on the +part of their father, and Mrs. Franklin did not demur. She and Cynthia +hurried off to make ready, and the carriage was ordered to take them to +the station.</p> + +<p>Cynthia's preparations did not take long. Her sailor-hat perched sadly +on one side, her hair tied with a faded blue ribbon, one of the cuffs of +her shirt-waist fastened with a pin. All this Edith took in at a glance.</p> + +<p>"Cynthia, you look like a guy."</p> + +<p>"I guess I am one."</p> + +<p>"Don't be so terribly Yankee as to say 'guess.'"</p> + +<p>"I am a Yankee, so why shouldn't I talk like one? Oh, Edith, what do I +care about ribbons and sleeve-buttons when I have to go and apologize to +Aunt Betsey."</p> + +<p>Edith was supplying the deficiencies in her sister's toilet.</p> + +<p>"It is too bad. Janet ought not to have told. But it is just like +everything else—all Mrs. Franklin's fault."</p> + +<p>"Edith, what do you mean? Mamma did not make Janet tell; she tried to +stop papa."</p> + +<p>"I know she <i>appeared</i> to. But if papa had not married again would this +ever have happened? You would not have heard at Mrs. Parker's that he +was going to, Mrs. Parker wouldn't have said 'I told you so' to Aunt +Betsey, Aunt Betsey wouldn't have found out you were there—"</p> + +<p>"Edith, what a goose you are! Any other time you would scold me for +having done it, and I know I deserve it. Now you are putting all the +blame on mamma. You are terribly unjust."</p> + +<p>"There, now, you have turned against me, all because of Mrs. Franklin. I +declare it is too bad!"</p> + +<p>"Oh, Edith, I do wonder when you will find out what a lovely woman mamma +is! Of course you will have to some day; you can't help it. There, they +are calling, and I must run! Good-by."</p> + +<p>Hastily kissing her sister, Cynthia ran off.</p> + +<p>Neal had much enjoyed the scene at the breakfast-table. He only wished +that he had been present when Cynthia impersonated her aunt. It must +have been immense. He wished that he could go also to Wayborough, but he +was not invited to join the party. He was to be left alone for the day +with Edith, for Mr. Franklin had decided that Jack should accompany +them, to thank Aunt Betsey once more, and to tell her himself of the +success of the hatch.</p> + +<p>"I'll have to step round pretty lively, then," said Jack. "Those birds +must get to the brooders before I go. Come along, Neal. It's an awful +bore having to go to Wayborough the very first day. You'll have to look +after the chicks, and don't you forget it."</p> + +<p>The chickens safely housed, and the family gone, Neal prepared to enjoy +the day. He had made up his mind to see something of Edith, and he had +no idea of working by himself, especially as there was no absolute +necessity for it.</p> + +<p>"The day is too hot for work, anyhow," he said to himself.</p> + +<h4>[<span class="smcap">to be continued.</span>]</h4> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_772" id="Page_772">[Pg 772]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="STORIES_OF_OUR_GOVERNMENT" id="STORIES_OF_OUR_GOVERNMENT"></a>STORIES OF OUR GOVERNMENT.</h2> + +<h3>THE PRESIDENT'S CABINET.</h3> + +<h3>BY THE HONORABLE THEODORE ROOSEVELT.</h3> + +<p>The executive business of the national government is divided into eight +departments, and the heads of these eight departments are known as +Cabinet officers, and form the President's Cabinet.</p> + +<p>It often happens that we use the same name that is used in England for +an officer or an institution, which is not, however, quite the same, and +is sometimes widely different, and we must always be on our guard not to +be confused by such seeming similarity. This is true in our political +life, just as it is true in our sports. For instance, we could not get +an international match between Harvard, Yale, or Princeton, and Oxford +or Cambridge on the football field, because, although football is played +at all of them, yet the game in the American colleges is so different +from that played in the English universities that it would be impossible +to have American and English teams meet on the same ground, any more +than we could put a baseball nine against a cricket eleven. It is just +the same way in our politics. The Senate is sometimes spoken of as +corresponding to the House of Lords; but they really have few points of +resemblance, save that they are both second chambers. So the Speaker of +the House of Representatives is sometimes spoken of as if his position +corresponded to that of Speaker of the House of Commons. This is not +true at all. The Speaker of the House of Commons is, properly, merely a +moderator, like the moderator of a New England town meeting, and his +duty is to preside and keep order, but not to be a Speaker, in our sense +of the word, at all, not to give any utterance to party policy. In the +American House, on the contrary, the Speaker is the great party leader, +who is second in power and influence only to the President himself. The +functions of the two officers have nothing in common, save in the mere +presiding over the deliberations of the body itself.</p> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 500px;"> +<img src="images/ill_007.jpg" width="500" height="442" alt="THE CABINET-ROOM." title="" /> +<span class="caption">THE CABINET-ROOM.</span> +</div> + +<p>So in England the cabinet officers are all legislators, exactly as the +Prime Minister, their chief, and they are elected by separate +constituencies just as he is. In America the cabinet officers are not +legislators at all, and have no voice in legislation. Instead of being +elected by their own constituencies, they are appointed by the +President, and he is directly responsible for them. It is upon his +Cabinet officers that the President has to rely for information as to +what action to take, in ordinary cases, and he has to trust to them to +see the actual executive business of the government well performed.</p> + +<p>The chief of them all is the Secretary of State. At the Cabinet meetings +he sits on the right hand of the President. He would take the +President's place should both the President and the Vice-President die. +It is he who shapes or advises the shaping of our foreign policy, and +who has to deal with our ministers and consuls abroad. He does not have +nearly as much work to do, under ordinary circumstances, as several +other Cabinet officers; but whereas if they blunder it is only a +question of internal affairs, and is a blunder that we ourselves can +remedy, if the Secretary of State blunders it may involve the whole +nation in war, or may involve the surrender of rights which ought never +to be given up save through war. Questions of grave difficulty with +foreign powers continually arise: now about fisheries or sealing rights +with Great Britain, now about an island in the Pacific with Germany, now +about some Cuban filibustering expedition with Spain, and again with +some South-American or Asiatic power over insults offered to our flag, +or outrages committed on our citizens. All of these questions come +before the Secretary of State, and it is his duty to digest them +thoroughly, and advise the President of the proper course to take in the +matter. The Secretary of State very largely holds in his hands the +national honor.</p> + +<p>Next in importance to the Secretary of State comes the Secretary of the +Treasury. The great economic questions which the country always has to +face are those connected with the currency and the tariff, and the +Secretary of the Treasury has to deal with both. On his policy it +largely depends whether the business of our merchants is to shrink or +grow, whether the workingmen in our factories shall see their wages +increase or lessen, whether our debts shall be paid in money that is +worth more or less than when they were contracted, or in money that is +worth practically the same. I do not mean by this to say for a moment +that the Secretary of the Treasury, or any other official, can do +anything like as much for the prosperity of any class or of any +individual as that class or individual can do for itself or himself. In +the end it is each man's individual capacity and efforts which count for +most. No legislation can make any man permanently prosperous; and the +worst evil we can do is to persuade a man to trust to anything save his +own powers and dogged perseverance. Nevertheless, the Secretary of the +Treasury can shape a policy which will do great good or great harm to +our industries; and, moreover, he has to work out the financial and +tariff policies which he thinks the President and the party leaders +demand. The position is therefore one of the utmost importance.</p> + +<p>The Postmaster-General has to deal with more offices than any other +official, for he has to control all the post-offices of the United +States. He is the great administrative officer of the country. +Unfortunately, under our stupid spoils system, postmasters are appointed +merely for political reasons, and are changed with every change of +party, no matter what their services to the community have been. This is +a very silly and very brutal practice, and all friends of honest +government are striving to overthrow it by bringing in the policy of +civil service reform. Under this all these postmasters will be appointed +purely because they will make good postmasters, and will render<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_773" id="Page_773">[Pg 773]</a></span> +faithful service to the people of their districts, and they will be kept +so long as they do render it, and no longer.</p> + +<div class="figleft" style="width: 500px;"> +<img src="images/ill_008.jpg" width="500" height="339" alt="A MEETING OF THE CABINET." title="" /> +<span class="caption">J. Harmon, Attorney-General. J. D. Morton, Agriculture. H. Smith, Interior. W. L. Wilson, Post. Gen.<br /><br /> +President Cleveland. J. G. Carlisle, Treasury. H. Herbert, Navy. R. Olney, State. D. Lamont, War.<br /><br /> +A MEETING OF THE CABINET.</span> +</div> + +<p>The Secretary of the Interior has to deal with the disposal and +management of the great masses of lands we have in the West, and also he +has to deal with the management of the Indians, and with the +administration of the pension laws. All three are most difficult +problems, and their solution demands the utmost care, patriotism, and +intelligence.</p> + +<p>The Attorney-General is the law officer of the government. He sees to +the execution of the Federal laws throughout the country, and appoints +his agents to do this work in every district of every State, and he also +advises the President and heads of departments on all legal matters.</p> + +<p>The Secretary of Agriculture is a man of mixed duties. A good many +bureaus of one kind and another are under his supervision, and most of +the scientific work of the government is done under him. Some of the +scientific bureaus, however, are under other departments. The work done +by these scientific bureaus, as by the coast survey and the geological +survey, and by the zoologists in the department, has been of the very +highest value, and has won cordial recognition from all European +countries. Much of the work of the early scientific explorers in the +West reads like a veritable romance; and this governmental work has +added enormously to our knowledge in all branches of science, from the +natural history of mammals and birds, to the geological formation of +mountains, and the contour of the coasts.</p> + +<p>The remaining two officers are the Secretary of the Navy and the +Secretary of War. The Secretary of the Navy, again, occupies a most +important position, for upon the navy depends to a very great extent the +nation's power of protecting its citizens abroad, and of enforcing the +respect to which it is entitled. Most fortunately for the last ten or +twelve years the secretaries of the navy have done admirable work. Each +has built on the good work of his predecessor, so that we are gradually +getting our navy to a pitch where it can worthily uphold the honor and +dignity of the American flag.</p> + +<p>The Secretary of War is an officer whose duties are usually not very +important, as he has comparatively little of consequence to do during +time of peace, but is perhaps the most important officer of the Cabinet, +with the sole exception of the Secretary of State, whenever a war +arises. He has all kinds of work to do even in peace, however. Thus +during the last two or three years the experiment has been tried on a +large scale of working the Indians in as soldiers; and although hitherto +this experiment has not had the success its promoters anticipated, yet +good has been obtained by it. But when war comes, the Secretary, if not +a powerful man, will be crushed helplessly; and if a powerful man, can +do great good for the country and win a great name for himself, for in +war he stands as one of the supreme officers, and upon his energy and +capacity depends much of the success of the contest.</p> + +<p>A strong President will usually make up his mind on certain policies and +carry them out without regard to his Cabinet, merely informing them that +their duty is to do the work allotted to them; but except in the case of +these few policies, to which the President is committed, and the +workings of which he thoroughly understands, he has to rely on his +advisers.</p> + +<p>The necessary advice is given him in these Cabinet meetings as well as +privately. At these meetings the business of the departments is +discussed, and also all questions of public policy of sufficient +importance to make the President feel he would like advice about them. +Of course the importance of the questions thus discussed may vary much, +ranging between the adoption of a course of policy which may force Great +Britain into war with us on the one hand, and on the other the abolition +of the annual football games between Annapolis and West Point. The +average Cabinet officer has a great responsibility, and can exert a most +powerful influence for good or for evil throughout the entire republic.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_774" id="Page_774">[Pg 774]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"><a name="THE_PUDDING_STICK" id="THE_PUDDING_STICK"></a> +<img src="images/ill_009.jpg" width="600" height="164" alt="THE PUDDING STICK" title="" /> +</div> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>This Department is conducted in the interest of Girls and Young +Women, and the Editor will be pleased to answer any question on +the subject so far as possible. Correspondents should address +Editor.</p></div> + +<p>You can tell me nothing about it, girls, nothing that I do not perfectly +understand when you confide to me that you find vacation days rather +slow of pace. Jenny Lucille spent last year in college, studying hard, +and under high pressure from her entrance as a Freshman till the day she +passed her examinations triumphantly, and was ready to begin her work as +a Sophomore. It was due to her parents, who were making a great +sacrifice in sending her from home, that she should do her best, and be +an honor and credit to them, and being a girl of acute sensitiveness and +much devotion to duty, Jenny would have been incapable of wasting her +time. Then it is, after the first feeling of homesickness wears off, a +gay and exciting world, this college world where so many young women are +gathered, where there are sports and games and pleasant social evenings, +and the feeling that something worth while is happening every day. The +time flies, especially the last half of the last term, and at last, when +there is a breaking-up, and the girls separate and take their different +ways for home, notwithstanding their gladness that they are going to +meet their dear home people, tears fill many eyes, and overflow +furtively, and wet dainty handkerchiefs, and not till the train or the +boat is fairly off are the faces quite bright again.</p> + +<p>Well, home is reached, and home is sweet. How kind and hearty the +father's greeting, how loving the mother's word and look, how much the +children have grown, how nice it is to be in one's own room again, and +to sit in one's own old seat at the dear home table! But after a little, +if the household be a quiet one, and the village or town a place in +which little goes on, the girl is vexed to find herself a wee bit blue. +She wouldn't let anybody divine it; she shakes herself, and calls +herself names in private, but she has to fight to be cheerful, and now +and then she sits down and writes a long letter to her chum, and +indulges in a good comfortable cry, with nobody to guess that she is not +entirely contented, as indeed all sensible people would say she ought to +be. The chum at Bar Harbor or Put-in-Bay, or some nook in the White or +Green or Blue Mountains, some perch in the Rockies, or springs, or +beach, or other gay resort, has had no time to be blue, and <i>her</i> letter +back will be a complete contrast to Jenny's.</p> + +<p>Now, my dear Jenny, listen to me! This fit of low spirits will pass +presently, and you will be none the worse for it, if you will just +credit it to the account of reaction. Take hold of whatever work there +is to do in the house, the harder the better, and do it with both hands. +Read an entertaining book, not a study book, but a bright story, the +novel people are talking about, or else the novel of yesterday, which +you have always felt you ought to read, but have not yet had time to +attack in earnest. Hawthorne, Wilkie Collins, Thackeray, Dickens, choose +your author and your book, and float off into the life of imagination, +which cheats the life of the actual of so much of its pain.</p> + +<p>Whatever else you do, resolutely speak brightly and look cheerful. The +brave effort to be bright and cheerful on the outside braces up the +inside wonderfully, soul and body, as you know, being such inseparable +partners.</p> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 300px;"> +<img src="images/ill_010.jpg" width="300" height="72" alt="Signature" title="" /> +</div> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="WEATHER_INDICATIONS" id="WEATHER_INDICATIONS"></a>WEATHER INDICATIONS.</h2> + +<p>If you can't afford a barometer to tell you what kind of weather you are +going to have, perhaps the following old proverbs will prove of use in +helping you to prophesy as to whether it will rain to-morrow or not:</p> + +<p>If spiders in spinning their webs make the termination filaments long, +we may, in proportion to the length, conclude that the weather will be +serene, and continue so for ten or twelve days.</p> + +<p>If many gnats are seen in the spring, expect a fine autumn; if gnats fly +in compact bodies in the beams of the setting sun, there will be fine +weather.</p> + +<p>If the garden spiders break and destroy their webs and creep away, +expect rain or showery weather.</p> + +<p>If sheep, rams, and goats spring around in the meadows, and fight more +than usual, expect rain.</p> + +<p>If cattle leave off feeding, and chase each other around the pastures, +rain.</p> + +<p>If cats back their bodies and wash their faces, rain.</p> + +<p>If foxes and dogs howl and bark more than usual, if dogs grow sleepy and +dull, rain.</p> + +<p>If moles cast up hills, rain.</p> + +<p>If horses stretch out their nicks and sniff the air and assemble in the +corner of a field with their heads to leeward, rain.</p> + +<p>If rats and mice be restless, rain.</p> + +<p>If peacocks and guinea fowls scream, and turkeys gobble, and if quails +make more noise than usual, rain.</p> + +<p>If the sea birds fly toward land, and land birds toward the sea, rain.</p> + +<p>If the cock crows more than usual, and earlier, expect rain.</p> + +<p>If swallows fly lower than usual, expect rain.</p> + +<p>If bats flutter and beetles fly about, there will be fine weather.</p> + +<p>If birds in general pick their feathers, wash themselves, and fly to +their nests, rain.</p> + +<p>Some of the queerest miscellaneous quips received are to the effect +that:</p> + +<p>If there are no falling stars to be seen on a bright summer evening, you +may look for fine weather.</p> + +<p>If there be many falling stars on a clear evening in summer, there will +be thunder.</p> + +<p>A rainbow in the morning is the shepherd's warning.</p> + +<p>If fish bite more readily, and gambol near the surface of the ponds and +streams, then look out for rain.</p> + +<p>If porpoises and whales sport about ships, expect a hurricane.</p> + +<p>The best proverb of all, however, is the following couplet:</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">A coming storm your toes and teeth presage;</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Your corns will ache, your hollow molars rage.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="HOW_TO_MAKE_A_HERBARIUM" id="HOW_TO_MAKE_A_HERBARIUM"></a>HOW TO MAKE A HERBARIUM.</h2> + +<h3>BY CAROLINE A. CREEVEY.</h3> + +<p>A young lady who was a great lover of wild flowers once brought me a +number of pressed specimens to name. They were carefully pressed, but +were loosely laid between the pages of a magazine. Among them were +several choice plants, one or two of the rarer orchids, and a ginseng +that I had never found. In handling them the leaves and flower petals +had become broken.</p> + +<p>"Your specimens are being ruined," I said. "Why do you not gum them each +on a separate piece of paper and lay them in a box? You have here an +excellent beginning for a herbarium."</p> + +<p>"Oh dear, no!" she said. "I never could take the trouble to make a +herbarium. I don't care for the flowers after I know what they are. You +may have them all, and welcome."</p> + +<p>She had doubtless seen the longing look in my eyes. I was generous, +however, and tried to persuade my friend to<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_775" id="Page_775">[Pg 775]</a></span> treasure her own flowers, +which she had been at some pains to press, assuring her that the +herbarium did certainly pay for its trouble, and that unless she were a +collector she would fail of becoming a real botanist. My arguments had +no effect, and I fell heir to my friend's specimens.</p> + +<p>Another time a lady (a member of a botanical club) said to me: "I don't +care to make a collection. I would as soon look at hay as dried plants. +What I want to study is <i>living nature</i>."</p> + +<p>This sounds like a fine sentiment, and if the herbarium were to take the +place of out-door study, we would better burn our entire collection.</p> + +<p>Here are the questions, then: How will the herbarium help us in our +study of flowers? and Why is it not better to confine our study to +"living nature"?</p> + +<p>We cannot deny that the herbarium is a matter of time and trouble; but +nothing worth having can be acquired without trouble. There is a lever +which lightens all tasks wonderfully. That lever is enthusiasm. If you +are enthusiastic about anything, you will be pretty sure to succeed, +whether that thing be music, drawing, or even arithmetic. This is +especially true of nature studies. The successful student of insects, +birds, flowers, shells, or rocks must love his work with a passionate +ardor. He must almost be a man with a hobby.</p> + +<p>Now perhaps you will say, "I have not this enthusiasm, and therefore I +shall not be successful." Let me tell you a secret. Nature herself +inspires enthusiasm. You have but to work in any one of her departments, +and you will learn to adore her. She is like a story-book. The first few +pages, and especially the preface, are somewhat dry. But pretty soon, as +the story opens up, you can hardly leave it for your meals or your +sleep.</p> + +<p>The principal value of a herbarium is that one has it always on hand for +reference when the living flower cannot be studied. After the summer +comes winter. My young lady who threw away her flowers forgot their +names during the winter. She could not help forgetting some of them, for +the botanical names of flowers are often hard to learn, being composed +of Latin or Greek words, or of proper names with Latin terminations; and +sometimes it would seem that the smaller and more unpretentious the +plant the longer and more jaw-breaking its name.</p> + +<p>When early spring comes, one can make a point of reviewing his herbarium +and refreshing one's memory, so as to begin where he left off last fall. +Thus each season's work is clear gain. The very labor necessary to make +a herbarium impresses the flower and its peculiarities vividly upon the +memory. If you handle and linger over your flowers, they will seem to +you like pets whose sweet faces you cannot forget.</p> + +<p>You want your herbarium, then, for reference, just as you need an +encyclopædia in your library. You want it when the snow is on the ground +and there is no "living nature" in the flower realm to study.</p> + +<p>Every page of the herbarium should look neat and pretty. In order to +secure this result you must first know how to press your flowers. A +flower once wilted can never be made to look nice on paper. It is +therefore necessary to keep fresh the specimen you wish to preserve. You +might carry a large book, and shut your flowers in it as soon as +plucked. But that would be inconvenient. A better way is to buy a botany +box and carry it with you in all your walks. You never know when you may +find some new thing. The box is of tin, opening on one side, and it may +hang by straps from your shoulder. If you lay a little wet moss inside, +and close the door every time you lay in a flower, your plants will keep +fresh in their cool dark nest for three or four days.</p> + +<p>To press them tear up newspapers into uniform sizes. Newspapers are +porous, and absorb the moisture from plant stems and leaves better than +brown wrapping-paper. Insert several leaves of the newspaper between the +single flowers. When all are ready, place the whole pile between two +boards, the same size as the papers (any carpenter will cut them for +you), and lay the whole under a heavy weight, like a trunk or pile of +large books. Once a day look over your plants, and put those not quite +pressed into clean dry papers. The papers already used, unless badly +stained, can be spread out, dried, and used again. The problem is how to +dry the plant quickly and thoroughly. The quicker it is dried the better +it retains its colors. The petals will fade, but careful pressing will +make them look very well, not at all like hay. If the plant be taken out +of its press too soon its leaves will wrinkle. Some delicate plants will +dry in twenty-four hours' time, others take three or four days, or even +a week.</p> + +<p>Have ready sheets of nice white paper. These you can get a printer to +cut for you of uniform size. The regulation size is 17 by 11 +inches. If the specimen be too long for the paper, bend the stem once or +twice. A botanical specimen should include the whole stalk down to the +root, unless, like some of the taller sunflowers, it be quite too long +for the page. Place only one specimen on a page, and fasten it in +several places with narrow strips of gummed paper. Last fall I had a +bright idea. After the election I collected a number of unused ballot +pasters. From these next summer I shall cut blank strips, already +gummed, and I shall moisten them with a wet camel's-hair brush, and use +them for my herbarium. Large leaves will stay down better if a drop of +mucilage be placed in their centre. When the stem is very heavy I sew it +with double thread tied on the under side, or I cut two small slits in +my paper, and slip the stem through. As fast as sheets are prepared, +leave them under a large book till the mucilage is dry. The page is then +ready for labelling. Write now in the lower right-hand corner your own +name, the botanical and common name of the flower, where and when found; +or you can get labels with your name printed on them, which you can +paste on the bottom of your page.</p> + +<h4>HERBARIUM OF J. BROWN.</h4> + +<h4><i>Caltha palustris</i></h4> + +<h4>(Marsh-Marigold).</h4> + +<h4><span class="smcap">In marsh near Bridgeport, May</span> 3, 1894.</h4> + +<p>The papers belonging to the same family should now be placed inside of +family covers, made of still brown paper, and these again should be +inclosed in a box. I use the boxes in which tailors send my husband's +shirts and suits of clothes. On the cover of the box write the families +which it contains. That plan facilitates finding any particular +specimen. Certain families, as ferns and orchids, go well together; +mints and figworts are allied. Composites should have a box to +themselves, and the species should be gathered into genus covers.</p> + +<p>The botany gives directions for poisoning plants, if you are likely to +be troubled with insects. Many of my mounted specimens are ten or twelve +years old, yet I have never had any such annoyance. Therefore I do not +poison my plants. I always use mucilage. Perhaps flour paste or starch +would afford food for insects.</p> + +<p>It is pleasant to keep a flower calendar as part of the herbarium. +Procure a diary, and note the day when you first find certain flowers. +This, if kept several successive years, will show interesting variations +of season, and of the time of the flowering of the same plants.</p> + +<p>For study of trees keep a leaf album. I know of no other way to learn +the many species of oak and maple.</p> + +<p>The herbarium is never a finished book. Each year, as you visit +different parts of the country, you will add to its beautiful pages. You +may well show it to your friends with pride. It is an achievement, a +monument of your industry, and proof of your knowledge. To yourself it +will be a source of never-ending pleasure. Here a leaf will recall a +visit to a friend, a trip to the mountains, or a month at the sea-side. +This flower suggests a picnic, or a shady walk, or mountain stroll with +choice companions. Turn to the herbarium on a day in January, when the +wind and snow are having a merry dance outside, and you will see visions +of sweet woods, fresh fields, and blooming wild flowers, biding their +time, but sure to come again.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_776" id="Page_776">[Pg 776]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>THE RUNNING HIGH JUMP IN DETAIL.</h2> + +<p class="center">From instantaneous photographs of Mr. Baltazzi jumping.</p> + +<div class="figleft" style="width: 405px;"> +<img src="images/ill_011.jpg" width="405" height="500" alt="2." title="" /> +<span class="caption">2.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 374px;"> +<img src="images/ill_012.jpg" width="374" height="500" alt="1." title="" /> +<span class="caption">1.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figleft" style="width: 325px;"> +<img src="images/ill_013.jpg" width="325" height="500" alt="4." title="" /> +<span class="caption">4.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 411px;"> +<img src="images/ill_014.jpg" width="411" height="500" alt="3." title="" /> +<span class="caption">3.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figleft" style="width: 308px;"> +<img src="images/ill_015.jpg" width="308" height="500" alt="6." title="" /> +<span class="caption">6.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 305px;"> +<img src="images/ill_016.jpg" width="305" height="500" alt="5." title="" /> +<span class="caption">5.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figleft" style="width: 416px;"> +<img src="images/ill_017.jpg" width="416" height="500" alt="8." title="" /> +<span class="caption">8.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 326px;"> +<img src="images/ill_018.jpg" width="326" height="500" alt="7." title="" /> +<span class="caption">7.<br /></span> +</div> + +<hr style="width: 15%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 311px;"> +<img src="images/ill_019.jpg" width="311" height="500" alt="S. A. W. BALTAZZI." title="" /> +<span class="caption">S. A. W. BALTAZZI.</span> +</div> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_777" id="Page_777">[Pg 777]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"><a name="INTERSCHOLASTIC_SPORT" id="INTERSCHOLASTIC_SPORT"></a> +<img src="images/ill_020.jpg" width="600" height="119" alt="INTERSCHOLASTIC SPORT" title="" /> +</div> + +<p>The pictures on the opposite page are reproductions of instantaneous +photographs taken especially for this Department of <span class="smcap">Harper's Round +Table</span>. They clearly show the exact position and form of an athlete at +the various stages of action in the running high jump, and a careful +study of them will prove of great usefulness to any one desirous of +perfecting himself in this particular branch of out-door athletics. The +striking feature of the series is that it proves that a man practically +steps over the bar with one stride, instead of flying over it in a +compact bunch as he appears to do when watched by the naked eye. But +before describing the jump itself, it will be best to give certain +general directions about the necessary lay-out, and a few points on +preliminary work.</p> + +<p>In the first place, no one should start in to train for this event until +after he is eleven or twelve years old. In fact, it is safe to say that +no boy under this age ought ever to go into any kind of systematic +athletic work, for his ambition is liable to lead him to injurious +over-exertion. Don't do any high-jumping in the winter months; for +running on a hard board floor is not a good thing, and you are apt to +slip and get injured. If you want to take up jumping as a specialty, +spend the winter, or the in-door season, in pulling weights so as to +strengthen the back and chest, and in going through leg motions to +fortify the limbs. No one can ever succeed as a high-jumper unless he +has a well-developed chest and back. As will be seen later on, the +strain on the dorsal muscles is practically what lifts the man over the +bar. This sounds very much like lifting one's self up by the +boot-straps, but it is nevertheless correct. The leg exercises are +simple. There are two kinds. One is to lift yourself up on your toes. +Start in by doing it about twenty-five times every day for a week; then +increase the number until you get up to about three hundred times. An +expert high-jumper can lift himself five hundred times without great +fatigue. The second exercise is the "frog motion." This consists of +placing the heels near together and of squatting and rising. Do this a +few times only, to start with, and gradually bring yourself to the +hundreds. Exercise the chest, as I have said before, with weights and +dumbbells. Strengthen the back by bending over with the legs stiff, the +arms thrown out in front until the finger-tips touch the floor easily.</p> + +<p>The jumping costume should consist of a jersey suit rather than of a +linen blouse and trousers, because the knit goods cling to the form and +keep the muscles warm. The trousers should never reach the knees, which +have to be kept free. The feet are encased in shoes made of +kangaroo-skin, laced in front like running shoes, and are worn without +socks. The left shoe is made several ounces heavier than the right, and +is about twice as heavy as a sprinter's foot-wear. The heel is made of +quarter-inch sole leather, and has two spikes. Some men jump with one +spike in the middle of the heel, but this is very bad, because when the +jumper alights his heel bone pounds on the spike and soon raises a stone +bruise. If you have two spikes fixed at the extremities of diagonals +drawn through the centre of the heel this bruising is easily avoided. +There are no spikes on the heel of the right shoe, but the heel itself +is made slightly thicker. In the toes of both shoes there should be six +spikes.</p> + +<p>A great many athletes who have gone in for high jumping have abandoned +the sport after a few weeks of training because of sore heels. They +should remember that the heel must be toughened as well as the other +muscles, but as soon as it begins to feel sore, rest until it is in good +condition again. A good way to avoid soreness of the heel and ankle is +to keep that part of the foot thickly painted with iodine all the time. +Keep the ankle absolutely black for several months, until the muscles +there have become so tough and strong that there is no danger of +straining or bruising. For the leg muscles, rubbing with alcohol is +good, but do not resort to this too frequently. And in order to have the +leg muscles in the best of condition, do not indulge in the frog motion +and other exercises for a week or two previous to a match.</p> + +<p>For practice the jumper should have two square posts about two inches +thick, made of almost any kind of wood, and bored with holes one inch +apart up to five feet eight inches, and half an inch apart above that. +The pegs should be three inches long, and the bar, made of pine, should +be about twelve feet long and one inch square. The posts are placed +eight feet apart, and it is usual to hang a handkerchief over the centre +of the crossbar, so that it can be seen better. A jumper must <i>always</i> +keep his eye on the bar from the time he starts to run until he lands +safely on the other side. The runway should be eight feet wide and about +forty feet long. It should be made of cinders, well rolled, and ought to +be kept dampened so as to make it springy. Beyond the posts the earth +should be turned over and raked, so as to make a soft landing-place.</p> + +<p>There is no rule about how far off from the bar a jumper should start to +run. The nearer the better, because less power is then wasted on the +approach. In No. 1 the jumper has just started. He takes an easy gait at +first, with his eye fixed on the bar, and he regulates his speed and his +step so as to come to the "take-off" with his left foot. In jumping all +the work is done with the left foot. A good way for a beginner to +determine how far from the bar to take-off is to stand before it on one +foot and lift the other until he can touch the cross-piece with his +toes. He takes-off as far back as he can thus place one foot and touch +the bar with the other. This distance from the base line between the +posts to the take-off is usually equal to the height of the bar from the +ground.</p> + +<p>As the jumper approaches the bar he runs as fast as he can, and in +picture No. 2 he reaches the take-off with his left foot. His heel +strikes first (as may clearly be seen from the heavy mark underneath +it), and gives the power for the jump. The toe merely gives direction to +the motion imparted by the heel and the big shin muscle which connects +with the heel. The leap has now begun, and with the right foot rising +the jumper begins to sail over the bar. His line of travel is a perfect +semicircle, beginning at the take-off, and ending in the soft ground on +the other side at exactly the same distance from the base-line of the +posts. No. 3 shows him still rising from the ground, his right foot +giving the direction of the leap. The muscles of the arms and back are +now just coming into play to raise the torso and the left leg—and all +the time the eye is firmly fixed on the bar. In No. 4 the right foot is +just passing over the handkerchief, and the arms and back are seen +straining with the exertion of bringing up the left leg. Notice that +muscle of the neck. It connects with the muscles of the side and +abdomen, and these harden like steel to force the quick motion that has +to be made to lift that side of the body. The strain on this neck muscle +and the working of the back and arms are even better displayed in No. 5, +where the left leg is almost up, and is about to clear the bar. +Considerable practice is required for this motion, because it has to be<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_778" id="Page_778">[Pg 778]</a></span> +done very quickly. The left foot has to be brought in very close to the +right thigh, and yet the sharp spikes must be kept from tearing the +flesh. Note how the eye is constantly on the bar.</p> + +<p>In the next picture, No. 6, the bar has been cleared, the whole body is +over, and the right leg has dropped. It is now no more used, except as a +balance to the body, the entire work of the jump, as before stated, +being done with the left leg. The jumper's eye is still fixed on the +bar, and not until he is well over it, as shown in No. 7, does he remove +his gaze. As he clears the stick his back muscles give a twist to his +flying form, and his right arm thrown into the air aids him in turning, +so that he will fall facing the bar. The left leg has now passed the +right, and is making ready to sustain the weight of the body on landing, +while the right is thrust slightly backward to sustain a proper +equilibrium. The strain on the back and arms is relaxed. In No. 8 he is +just about to land, and the camera has given us a beautiful display of +the looseness of the arm muscles, showing the right arm still in the air +and about to drop as soon as the feet strike the ground. The body is +lying along the curve of the semicircle through which the jump has been +made.</p> + +<p>The bar in all these pictures was at 5 ft. 8 in., and each photograph +necessitated a separate jump. This alone is enough to show in what +excellent form the young athlete worked, for a kinetoscope could not +have caught his separate actions in one leap to better effect than these +photographs have shown them in eight different leaps. The ninth picture +is a portrait of the clever young athlete, who is shown in action in all +the others. He is S. A. W. Baltazzi, of the Harvard School of this city, +who holds the interscholastic high-jumping record not only of the +N.Y.I.S.A.A., but of the United States. At the Interscholastics last May +he cleared 5 ft. 11 in., but since then he has covered 6 ft. in +practice, and I have no doubt that he will defeat the Englishman who is +coming over to represent the London Athletic Club at the international +games this fall. Baltazzi is seventeen years old, and weighs 135 pounds. +He began jumping while at St. Paul's School, Garden City, in 1891, and +won first in a school competition with 4 ft. 9 in. At the school games +of 1892 he took first, with a jump of 5 ft. 1/2 in., and in 1893, as a +member of the Harvard School, he established the in-door scholastic +record of 5 ft. 3-1/2 in., at the Berkeley School winter games. The +following year, at the same games, he raised the record to 5 ft. 6-1/2 +in., and subsequently took first in the Wilson and Kellogg games with a +jump of 5 ft. 5 in. At the Interscholastics of 1894, Baltazzi and Rogers +tied for first place at 5 ft. 9 in., breaking Fearing's Interscholastic +record of 5 ft. 8-1/2 in. In September of that year he won first at +Travers Island, jumping 5 ft. 7 in., and later in the winter he took +first in the Barnard games with 5 ft. 8 in. Having taken first in the +Berkeley, Poly. Prep., and Columbia College handicap games of 1895, he +lifted the Interscholastic mark up to 5 ft. 11 in. at the Berkeley Oval +in May. The following week, at the Inter-city games, he cleared 5 ft. +10-1/4 in., and took first at the N.Y.A.C. spring games with the same +figure. Baltazzi expects to enter Columbia College this fall; and if he +does, there are five points sure for the New-Yorkers at Mott Haven for +some years to come.</p> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 329px;"> +<img src="images/ill_021.jpg" width="329" height="500" alt="G. B. FEARING'S FORM IN HIGH JUMPING." title="" /> +<span class="caption">G. B. FEARING'S FORM IN HIGH JUMPING.</span> +</div> + +<p>The picture printed on this page is a reproduction of a photograph taken +of G. B. Fearing, the Harvard high jumper, in 1892. Fearing held the +record of the N.Y.I.S.A.A. until Rogers and Baltazzi broke it in 1894. +His form was entirely different from Baltazzi's. As he clears the bar in +this picture, both his feet appear to be curled up under his body, and +his head is thrown forward and down. He seems to be almost reclining on +his side, whereas Baltazzi makes the leap with his body practically +perpendicular, although he necessarily bends forward in the motion which +lifts the torso over the stick. Fearing's form as displayed in this +photograph does not give the same idea of power and assurance as that +shown by Baltazzi.</p> + +<p>The prospects for record-breaking in the N.Y.I.S.A.A. next year are not +very bright, for most of the record-breakers are leaving school. Besides +Baltazzi, Tappin, the mile runner of Cutler's winning team, will go to +Columbia. Yale will get Meehan, who is a clever half-miler, Ayres, the +hammer-and-shot man of Condon's, Powell, the bicyclist, and Hackett, the +mile walker. The first three in this last group hold United States +interscholastic records in their events. Princeton's track team will no +doubt secure three of Barnard's best athletes, Syme, Simpson, and Moore, +whereas Harvard will only get one good man from the N.Y.I.S.A.A., +Irwin-Martin. Cowperthwaite, broad jumper, and Beers, who holds the high +hurdling record, will also leave school for college. This will make room +for new men, and ought to be a good thing for the association.</p> + +<p>A correspondent suggests that the schools of New York—and I don't see +why it would not be just as good an idea for schools of other +cities—hold an interscholastic bicycle meet this fall. At first thought +this sounds like a very good scheme. There are few scholars, +comparatively, who are strong enough, or who have the inclination to +play football, and now that use of the bicycle has become so universal +these could devote the fall season to preparation for a bicycle contest. +Far be it from my intention to suggest to even the weakest +football-player that he give up the gridiron for the bicycle; but I have +seen so many young men standing around football fields watching the +game, with no ability or desire to participate in it, that I welcome the +suggestion of making the autumn a bicycle season too.</p> + +<p>It is very probable that the inter-collegiate association will do away +with bicycles at the Mott Haven games next spring. If they do, the +interscholastic associations will no doubt follow suit, and then the +wheelmen will find themselves, to a certain extent, out of it, if they +have not already prepared for separate contests. It is right that +bicycle events should be excluded from track and field meetings, because +a running track is not the proper place for a bicycle race. Bicycle +races, however, ought not to be given up entirely or left to +professionals, because such racing is productive of good sport. The best +course to pursue under the circumstances, then, is to have a meet +especially for bicyclists. I am sure there are enough wheelmen in the +schools to make it worth while, and the fall season with<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_779" id="Page_779">[Pg 779]</a></span> cold days and +bracing air is just the time for such sport.</p> + +<p>If a bicycle field day cannot be gotten up this fall, there is no reason +why there should not be an interscholastic road race. The executive +committee of the N.Y.I.S.A.A. could easily arrange such a contest, and +offer a pennant to the winning school. Let each school of the +association enter two riders, and let the managers of the race adopt a +course. This can be easily done by looking over the back numbers of +Harper's Round Table, and choosing a good road from one of the many +bicycle maps of the vicinity of New York that have recently been +printed. This would be a novelty in the way of school contests, in this +section at least, although it is quite a common event with the +California school associations.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 32em;"><span class="smcap">The Graduate</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"><a name="STAMPS" id="STAMPS"></a> +<img src="images/ill_022.jpg" width="600" height="200" alt="STAMPS" title="" /> +</div> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>This Department is conducted in the interest of stamp and coin +collectors, and the Editor will be pleased to answer any question +on these subjects so far as possible. Correspondents should +address Editor Stamp Department.</p></div> + +<p>Thirty years ago there were probably fifty coin-collectors where there +is one to-day. As a consequence coins have now little value unless they +are, first, coins of great rarity; or, second, scarce coins in +absolutely uncirculated condition, or "mint state."</p> + +<p>Dealers in coins whom I have questioned say that there is very little +demand, and that in many instances they sell coins now at a lower price +than they would have paid for them a generation ago. Further, if coins +could be sold as quickly as stamps, they could afford to sell them at an +even lower price. As it is, the interest on the capital locked up in +stock and the cost of doing business are so large, that they make very +little profit. The common obsolete coins (except U. S.) are bought by +the dealers at the price of old metal. There is no money in collecting +coin, but lots of fun.</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Jos. Goldsmith</span>.—The green 5c. Confederate unused is sold by +dealers at 50c. The value of common stamps by the million depends +on the assortment. If there is a fair quantity of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, +6, 8, 10, and 15c., etc., they bring a good price. For 1c. and 2c. +only there is little demand. Dealers' addresses are not given in +this column.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">Helen Mackay</span>.—The used 3d. Canada unperforated is quoted in +catalogues at 20c. on wove paper, $1 on laid paper, $1.50 on +ribbed paper.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">L. M. I</span>.—The current blue special-delivery is printed from the +same dies as the previous blue, but the lines have been deepened +and two cross lines added under the words TEN and CENTS.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">Willie K</span>.—No premium on the coins. The stamp is the 3c. blue 1869 +U. S.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">G. Tarleton</span>.—U. S. fractional currency has no value beyond face +unless it is absolutely uncirculated. There ought to be a demand +for these interesting war relics, but practically there is none. +Dealers sell them at a small advance over face.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">D. R. O'Sullivan</span>.—There is no premium on the coins mentioned. +Rare coins if worn by use have very little value. High prices are +paid for rare coins if in "mint state," that is the condition when +the coins are new and uncirculated.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">A. E. Barron</span>, Tarrytown, N. Y., wants to correspond and trade with +stamp-collectors. He has the beginning of a good collection.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">H. B. Thaw</span>.—The Bloods Penny Post is catalogued at 50c. There are +three varieties of the Bloods Despatch worth from 15c. to $4 each. +The Adams Express is not a stamp. It is probably a trade-mark.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">R. Craig</span>.—State Revenues, as a rule, are collected only in the +State using them. General collectors do not buy them, and +consequently they are not catalogued.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">A. Lowkowsky</span>.—The letter-sheets will no longer be made. There are +eight main varieties—series 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and the first +issue without series number. They are not classed as stamps, but +as envelopes, and envelopes are not collected as generally as +adhesive stamps. I believe you can buy the $3, $4, and $5 +Columbian stamps at face from the Washington, D.C., Post-office.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">R. G. Hughes</span>.—It is a Colombian revenue stamp. These stamps are +not generally collected except in Colombia, and hence no value can +be given. Your sketch is admirably well done.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">R. Moody</span>.—The stamp is the 3c. 1869 U. S., and is sold by dealers +at 2c. The coin has no premium.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">Lewis E. B</span>.—If the coins are in mint condition the dealers will +probably buy at a premium. If not uncirculated they are worth face +only.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">L. Kenton</span>.—The coin and bank token do not command a premium.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">P. B. Evans</span>.—The 10c. U. S. you mention is the 1861 issue if not +grilled. If grilled it is the 1868 issue. Your questions as to +values have been answered several times in this column. You can +get a late catalogue of any dealer at a small price.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">M. N</span>.—If in mint condition the dealers will buy, otherwise they +are worth face only.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">Robert Craig</span>.—Not worth more than face.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">G. L. Murphy</span>.—Not generally collected in the U. S., hence no +value can be quoted.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">A. Mittel</span>.—The coin is probably the William III. of England. The +stamp is the current 2c. postage-due.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">A. Bee</span>.—The unused U. S. and British North American Colonies +stamps issued before 1865 are all advancing in price rapidly. The +used stamps are also advancing, but slowly.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">J. Wolfert</span>.—If the stamps you mention are in good condition I +would advise you to sell them by auction. Rarities bring a higher +price when all the big collectors compete for them. Common stamps, +on the other hand, do not bring catalogue price at auction.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">W. J. Holbeck</span>.—The Mobile 5c. blue is quoted at $7.50. If on the +envelope do not take it off.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">J. Adams</span>.—The present $1 black U. S., it is said, will soon be +printed in another color. The 8c. with triangular ornaments is on +sale at many offices. No copies have yet been seen with the +white-framed triangular ornaments.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">Frank T</span>.—Almost any dealer can supply you with a complete set of +the U. S. stamps (cancelled) showing die varieties between +1870-1882. It consists of the 1c., 3c., 6c., 7c., 10c., and 12c., +and, counting shades, numbers about twenty stamps. Prices vary.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">M. C. Wright</span>.—The best way is to go to responsible stamp-dealers, +look over their stock, and take no damaged stamps at any price, +however low.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">Round Table</span>.—I do not know to what "1894 penny" you refer. The +dimes have no premium.</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">S. T. Dodd</span>.—Yes. The present issue of U. S. will probably all be +printed on water-marked paper.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 32em;"><span class="smcap">Philatus</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>War-time Memories.</h2> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>My grandmamma is an old lady, and lived in Atlanta, Ga., at the +time Sherman and his soldiers, on their famous march to the sea, +took possession of that city. She buried her plate and valuables +under the house. Her husband was away in the service of the +Confederate Army, and she was left alone with two or three little +children.</p> + +<p>One night two young officers came and knocked on the door, +demanding admittance, which she refused. They grew angry and made +some terrible threats. Grandmamma had an army musket in the house. +She told them if they didn't desist she would fire through the +door at them. After some further parley they left. But they +returned the next morning and told her she was the spunkiest +little woman they ever saw.</p> + +<p>One day grandmamma received some fresh sausage from the country. +Presently in entered a man wearing the blue. He took those sausage +and stuffed his pockets full. On the table was a large sugar-bowl, +filled. He picked it up and carried it away, dipping the raw +sausage in the sugar and eating it.</p> + +<p>Finally, grandmamma obtained guards to protect the house. One cold +night one of the guards was dozing in front of the fire when in +stalked a huge Indian. Planting himself in front of the fire, he +began to act and talk in a shocking way. The guard promptly +ejected him.</p> + +<p>Such were a few of the many experiences of my grandmother during +the "times that tried men's souls."</p> + +<p>Correspondents wanted.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 32em;"><span class="smcap">Harry R. Whitcomb</span>.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 32em;"><span class="smcap">Umatilla, Fla</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>On the La Viga Canal.</h2> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I will tell you about our big canal, La Viga. At the park called +the "Zocalo" one takes the tram. After going through a good many +dirty streets the tram lands you at the "Embarcadero," a clean +spot, where you get into flat-boats that look like barges. The +first town you come to is called Jamaica. Here there are lots of +canoes filled with vegetables, which are very cheap indeed. Along +the route you usually meet women in canoes selling tamales. These +are made of corn boiled, crushed, some "chile" added, and then the +whole put into cornhusks. They are good eating. The next town you +come to is Santa Anita, where you get off, if you wish, eat some +tamales, and drink some pulque. Leaving Santa Anita, you reach, a +little way out, what used to be floating gardens—now delightful +places for picnics.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 32em;"><span class="smcap">R. L. Miller, Jun</span>.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 32em;"><span class="smcap">City of Mexico</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>ADVERTISEMENTS.</h2> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h4>Highest of all in Leavening Power.—Latest U. S. Gov't Report.</h4> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> +<img src="images/ill_023.jpg" width="300" height="94" alt="Royal Baking Powder" title="" /> +</div> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> +<img src="images/ill_024.jpg" width="500" height="72" alt="If afflicted with SORE EYES USE Dr. ISAAC THOMPSON'S EYE WATER" title="" /> +</div> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>HARPER'S NEW CATALOGUE,</h2> + +<p class="center">Thoroughly revised, classified, and indexed, will be sent by mail to any +address on receipt of ten cents.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_781" id="Page_781">[Pg 781]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 712px;"> +<img src="images/ill_025.jpg" width="712" height="1000" alt="Copyright, 1895, by Harper & Brothers" title="" /> +<span class="caption">Copyright, 1895, by Harper & Brothers</span> +</div> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_780" id="Page_780">[Pg 780]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"><a name="BICYCLING" id="BICYCLING"></a> +<img src="images/ill_026.jpg" width="600" height="139" alt="BICYCLING" title="" /> +</div> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>This Department is conducted in the interest of Bicyclers, and the +Editor will be pleased to answer any question on the subject. Our +maps and tours contain much valuable data kindly supplied from the +official maps and road-books of the League of American Wheelmen. +Recognizing the value of the work being done by the L. A. W. the +Editor will be pleased to furnish subscribers with membership +blanks and information so far as possible.</p></div> + +<p>The map this week shows the macadamized and asphalted streets in +Philadelphia and its vicinity; and for all bicycle-riders who live near +the Quaker City, or who think of going there, this map will prove of +great value. It will be very easily seen that Philadelphia is eminently +adapted to bicycling. In the first place, Broad Street runs from League +Island entirely through the city, and out to the Willow Grove turnpike +on the north. To get in and out of Philadelphia either to the south or +the north, therefore, one needs but to take the shortest route to Broad +Street, which is kept in admirable condition. Furthermore, one can get +with the utmost ease to the river—<i>i. e.</i>, the Delaware—by turning +from Broad Street either down Chestnut, Walnut, Locust, Spruce, or Pine. +The Market Street ferry is perhaps best reached by taking Chestnut +Street, and then turning a block north just before reaching the river.</p> + +<p>In making this map it has been found advisable, for the better clearness +of the reproduction, to omit a good many unimportant streets in the +heart of the city. Every asphalted or macadamized street in Philadelphia +is given, but in many cases other streets are omitted, or every +alternate street is given. The wheelman who studies the map may very +likely count a certain number of blocks on the map to the place where he +wishes to go, and in that case he would be somewhat mystified in making +this map agree with his count. Names are given in the case of macadam or +asphalt streets, and you have only to watch for those names on the signs +to find any place in the city and to keep the situation before your +eyes.</p> + +<p>Within the next few weeks we intend to publish certain of the best trips +in the vicinity of Philadelphia, and it will be important to study this +map, in connection with those, to discover the best method of getting +out of the city in different directions. For example, to get out to +Fairmount Park from the public buildings, run north on Broad Street from +the buildings to Spring Garden Street, thence turning left, proceed to +or across the river—the Schuylkill. In either case, turn to the right +immediately before or after crossing, and the run is direct to the park. +By not crossing, and following the river up through the park, you will +come to the Wissahickon road. By crossing, and running out Belmont +Avenue, you get into Montgomery County, and so out of the city. +Germantown may be reached by the Wissahickon road or by keeping straight +to the northward on Broad Street until you reach Tioga Street. Turning +left into this, you soon run into the Chestnut Hill road, and can keep +to this until entering Germantown at School Lane. All through +Germantown, and out to the north and westward there are beautiful roads +of macadam that it is a pleasure to ride over.</p> + +<p>Turning in the other direction, the rider, by bearing to the right into +Rising Sun Lane from Broad Street, will have a clear course out of +Philadelphia to the northeastward. By turning right into Lehigh Avenue, +and continuing over Belgian block pavement to Kensington Avenue, he will +run into Frankford, which is the way he has come from New York. The +roads out of Camden on the other side of the Delaware are clearly +marked. Crossing the Market Street ferry, you go south by Broadway or +north by Pea Shore road, and by studying the map the rider will see +where are the best roads for reaching Essington, Derby, Lansdown, and +Haverford on the southwest.</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>Note.—Map of New York city asphalted streets in No. 809. Map of +route from New York to Tarrytown in No. 810. New York to Stamford, +Connecticut, in No. 811. New York to Staten Island in No. 812. New +Jersey from Hoboken to Pine Brook in No. 813. Brooklyn in No. 814. +Brooklyn to Babylon in No. 815. Brooklyn to Northport in No. 816. +Tarrytown to Poughkeepsie in No. 817. Poughkeepsie to Hudson in +No. 818. Hudson to Albany in No. 819. Tottenville to Trenton in +820. Trenton to Philadelphia in 821.</p></div> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>SPEED.</h2> + +<p>One who has made a study of the subject states that the average rates of +speed attained by certain travelling things, are as follows: A man walks +three miles an hour; a horse trots seven; steamboats run eighteen; +sailing vessels make ten; slow rivers flow four; rapid rivers flow +seven; storms move thirty-six; hurricanes, eighty; a rifle ball, one +thousand miles a minute; sound, eleven hundred and forty-three; light, +one hundred and ninety thousand; electricity, two hundred and eighty +thousand.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<h3>A GOOD CHILD</h3> + +<p class="center">is usually healthy, and both conditions are developed by use of proper +food. The Gail Borden Eagle Brand Condensed Milk is the best infant's +food; so easily prepared that improper feeding is inexcusable and +unnecessary.—[<i>Adv.</i>]</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>ADVERTISEMENTS.</h2> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>Arnold</h2> + +<h2>Constable & Co.</h2> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h3>SPECIAL.</h3> + +<h4>Manufacturer's Sample Pieces</h4> + +<h4>Fine Swiss, Nainsook, and Cambric</h4> + +<h3>EMBROIDERIES</h3> + +<h4>33-1/3% Under Regular Prices.</h4> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h4>Broadway & 19th st.</h4> + +<h4>NEW YORK.</h4> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>Walter Baker & Co. Limited.</h2> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 99px;"> +<img src="images/ill_027.jpg" width="99" height="200" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<p class="center">The Largest Manufacturers of</p> + +<h4>PURE, HIGH GRADE</h4> + +<h2><span class="smcap">Cocoas</span> and <span class="smcap">Chocolates</span></h2> + +<p class="center">On this Continent, have received</p> + +<h3>HIGHEST AWARDS</h3> + +<p class="center">from the great</p> + +<h3>Industrial and Food</h3> + +<h3>EXPOSITIONS</h3> + +<h3>IN EUROPE AND AMERICA.</h3> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<p class="center"><b>Caution:</b> In view of the many imitations of the labels and wrappers on +our goods, consumers should make sure that our place of manufacture, +namely, <b>Dorchester, Mass.</b>, is printed on each package.</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h4>SOLD BY GROCERS EVERYWHERE.</h4> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h4>WALTER BAKER & CO. LTD. DORCHESTER, MASS.</h4> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>COLUMBIA</h2> + +<h2>QUALITY</h2> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 128px;"> +<img src="images/ill_028.jpg" width="128" height="200" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<p class="center">always maintained. Far more Columbia bicycles than ever this year. Far +more care that no imperfect Columbias go out.</p> + +<h4><b>$100 for a Columbia means $200 of pleasure and satisfaction.</b></h4> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h4>Pope Manufacturing Co.</h4> + +<h4>General Offices and Factories, Hartford, Conn.</h4> + +<h4><span class="smcap">Branch Stores</span>: Boston, New York, Chicago, Providence, Philadelphia, +Buffalo, Brooklyn, Baltimore, Washington, San Francisco.</h4> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>Postage Stamps, &c.</h2> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 100px;"> +<img src="images/ill_029.jpg" width="100" height="69" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<p class="center">100 all dif. Venezuela, Costa Rica, etc., only 10c.; 200 all dif. Hayti, +Hawaii, etc., only 50c. Ag'ts wanted at 50 per ct. com. List FREE!</p> + +<h4><b>C. A. Stegmann</b>, 2722 Eads Av., St. Louis, Mo.</h4> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 100px;"> +<img src="images/ill_030.jpg" width="100" height="113" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<p class="center"><b>STAMPS!</b> <b>300</b> fine mixed Victoria, Cape of G. H., India, Japan, etc., with +fine Stamp Album, only <b>10c.</b> New 80-p. Price-list <b>free</b>. <i>Agents wanted</i> +at <b>50%</b> commission. STANDARD STAMP CO., 4 Nicholson Place, St. Louis, Mo. +Old U. S. and Confederate Stamps bought.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 192px;"> +<img src="images/ill_031.jpg" width="192" height="82" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<p class="center">WONDER CABINET <b>FREE</b>. Missing Link Puzzle, Devil's Bottle, Pocket Camera, +Latest Wire Puzzle, Spook Photos, Book of Sleight of Hand, Total Value +60c. Sent free with immense catalogue of 1000 Bargains for 10c. for +postage.</p> + +<h4>INGERSOLL & BRO., 65 Cortlandt Street N. Y.</h4> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> +<img src="images/ill_032.jpg" width="500" height="72" alt="If afflicted with SORE EYES USE Dr. ISAAC THOMPSON'S EYE WATER" title="" /> +</div> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>HARPER'S PERIODICALS.</h2> + +<h4>Per Year:</h4> + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""> +<tr><td align='left'>HARPER'S MAGAZINE</td><td align='center'><i>Postage Free</i>,</td><td align='right'>$4.00</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>HARPER'S WEEKLY</td><td align='center'>"</td><td align='right'>4.00</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>HARPER'S BAZAR</td><td align='center'>"</td><td align='right'>4.00</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>HARPER'S ROUND TABLE</td><td align='center'>"</td><td align='right'>2.00</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<p class="center"><i>Booksellers and Postmasters usually receive subscriptions. +Subscriptions sent direct to the publishers should be accompanied by +Post-office Money Order or Draft.</i></p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h4>HARPER & BROTHERS, Franklin Square, N. Y.</h4> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_782" id="Page_782">[Pg 782]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>A Good Natural History Morsel.</h2> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>Vacation and moth-time come hand in hand the first week in July. +The boys of the neighborhood come yelling from school to eat +supper and go to bed to be up at six o'clock. At six o'clock +around comes a man with a leather pouch filled with carbon sticks. +One by one the boys, some on bicycles, some on foot, begin to +follow him. Let us suppose we have joined the procession. We come +to an electric light. As the light is let down the boys begin to +jump up and down, yell, push, etc., to get first pick.</p> + +<p>The man takes a fine brush and quickly cleans the globe. As the +insects fall to the ground there is a general scramble. We are +lucky enough to get a fine specimen of a Luna, and start for home +to save us from getting mobbed. One of the most common of the +large moths found in the globes is the Luna (<i>Attacus luna</i>). The +spread of the wings is from three to four inches. The general +color is a beautiful tint of green. The edges of the fore wings +are brown, the streak crossing the body. There are four eye spots, +one on each wing. A white furry body and light golden antennæ +complete the colors of this beautiful, delicate moth.</p> + +<p>Another of the beautiful moths is the Cecropia (<i>Attacus +cecropia</i>). The general color is a beautiful brown, and the usual +eye spots are prevalent. The Io (<i>Saturnia Io</i>) is a rival of the +Luna in beauty. It is of a deep yellow with purplish-red markings +and the usual eye spots. The Attacus Prometheus and Polyphemous +moths are occasionally found in the globe. The most common victims +are the Sphinx moths, who have a very long name, <i>Macroscla +quinquemaculata</i>.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 32em;"><span class="smcap">Albert W. Atwater</span>, R.T.K.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 32em;"><span class="smcap">Springfield</span>, Mass.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>Facts About Alaskan Indians</h2> + +<p>Some time since, Sir Knight James F. Rodgers, of Tiffin, Ohio, wrote us: +"A man gave an illustrated lecture on Alaska at our school-house. He +said, 'That when a girl arrives at the age of fourteen she is taken to +the mountains and confined in a house for one year; when a girl arrives +at the age of eighteen her parents put a wooden button in her lower lip; +that the people worship the white crow.' Are these statements true?"</p> + +<p>In reply, Mr. O. T. Mason, Curator of the Department of Ethnology in the +National Museum, Washington, very kindly says: "I take special pleasure +in answering the inquiries of James F. Rodgers, of Tiffin, Ohio. He may +have misunderstood the lecturer somewhat, and, therefore, without +characterizing it, say, first, that among all savage tribes in the world +there is a custom of separating young women when they come to be of +marriageable age. These customs differ from tribe to tribe, and the +length of time of their separation varies. There are no high mountains +in Alaska, and one year seems to be rather a long period, yet the +general fact remains; secondly, a button of wood, or ivory, or stone, +called a labret, is placed in the lower lip of girls, in some tribes of +boys, in other of both. Among the Eskimo and the Indians of Alaska, as +the child grows older and the orifice becomes enlarged, a stone or block +of wood of greater and greater size is inserted, until I have seen a +block at least 2-1/2 inches in diameter taken from the lip of an old +woman. The Botocudos of South America, on the Amazon, are especially +curious in this regard, for they not only insert enormous blocks in +their lips, but also in the lobe of the ear, until it falls upon the +shoulder; thirdly, as to the worship of the Alaskan natives, it should +be said that there are two kinds of natives in Alaska—Eskimo and +Indians. The Eskimo have one sort of primitive religion, the Indians +quite another sort. It does not convey exactly the right idea to us that +the natives worship anything, certainly it is very far from the truth to +say that anybody in Alaska worships the white crow.</p> + +<p>"The Indians of Alaska, like the other Indians of America, are divided +up in their tribal relations into bands or clans called 'Totems,' and +these are generally named after some prominent animal of the region. +Great respect is paid to these animals, and frequently the clan refrains +from eating the whole or a portion of the totemic animal. It is a very +interesting study. I cannot find out that the Eskimos have any definite +names for the objects of which they stand in awe. They have among them a +class of men called 'Shammans,' who believe in spirits and practise +certain rules for the influencing and controlling these spirits. The +same worship is common all over Siberia and northern Europe. None of +these people have an organized form of worship. Such a thing would be +impossible in a country so forlorn and cold."</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>Kinks.</h2> + +<h4>No. 90.—BEN BOLT. (<i>A NEW VERSION.</i>)</h4> + +<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Thirty Proper Names Concealed</span>.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 21em;">O don't you remember old Sally, Ben Bolt,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">Old Sally whose hair was so red,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 21em;">Her matutinal cry of "Buy any shad?"</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">Racked our ears till we wished we were dead.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 21em;">In a small back yard off the alley, Ben Bolt,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">The miserly fish-wife of yore</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 21em;">Sits nursing her hord, while she counts once again</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">The same sheckles she counted before.</span><br /> +<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 21em;">O don't you remember the streamlet, Ben Bolt,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">Where the boys that played hookey from school</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 21em;">Sat snug on the banks eating taffy and pie,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">Or bathed in the clear crystal pool.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 21em;">But next day, perhaps, you remember, Ben Bolt,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">We would fain for a bed negotiate,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 21em;">Our respective papas had the evening before</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">Plied the rod at so lively a rate.</span><br /> +<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 21em;">O don't you remember our teacher, Ben Bolt,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">The man so averse to all fun?</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 21em;">No ham bone or sparerib sent up to our rooms</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">But he sniffed it and took it away.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 21em;">Near the church round the corner they've laid him at last,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">Where the willows 'n sympathy wave,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 21em;">And the mocking-bird, chorister meet for a Czar,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">Gently warbles a dirge o'er his grave.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h4>No. 91.—<span class="smcap">Peculiar Word Square</span>.</h4> + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""> +<tr><td align='right'>1</td><td align='right'>10</td><td align='right'>11</td><td align='right'>2</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>4</td><td align='right'>*</td><td align='right'>*</td><td align='right'>3</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>5</td><td align='right'>*</td><td align='right'>*</td><td align='right'>6</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>8</td><td align='right'>9</td><td align='right'>12</td><td align='right'>7</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""> +<tr><td align='right'>1</td><td align='left'>to</td><td align='right'>2</td><td align='left'>is exalted reputation.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>3</td><td align='left'>to</td><td align='right'>4</td><td align='left'>is one of the surfaces of a solid.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>5</td><td align='left'>to</td><td align='right'>6</td><td align='left'>is a strain sung by a single voice.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>7</td><td align='left'>to</td><td align='right'>8</td><td align='left'>is to repose or recline from labor.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>1</td><td align='left'>to</td><td align='right'>8</td><td align='left'>is a snug abode.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>9</td><td align='left'>to</td><td align='right'>10</td><td align='left'>is a summer drink extensively used.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>11</td><td align='left'>to</td><td align='right'>12</td><td align='left'>is equivalent to 320 rods.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>7</td><td align='left'>to</td><td align='right'>2</td><td align='left'>is a well-known and beautiful flower.</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 32em;"><span class="smcap">M. Beeman Stout</span>.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 32em;"><span class="smcap">Lyons</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>Answers to Kinks.</h2> + +<h4>No. 89.</h4> + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" summary=""> +<tr><td align='right'>1.</td><td align='left'>"Elm."—Holmes.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>2.</td><td align='left'>"Chestnut."—Holmes.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>3.</td><td align='left'>"Norway pines; larches."—Phebe Cary.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>4.</td><td align='left'>"Chestnuts."—Holmes.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>5.</td><td align='left'>"Spice-trees."—Holmes.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>6.</td><td align='left'>"Pine-tree."—Whittier.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>7.</td><td align='left'>"Pines."—Paul Hamilton Hayne.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>8.</td><td align='left'>"Pine-trees; oaks."—J. T. Trowbridge.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>9.</td><td align='left'>"Willow."—Holmes.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>10.</td><td align='left'>"Pine; elm."—Holmes.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>11.</td><td align='left'>"Hemlock."—Holmes.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>12.</td><td align='left'>"Hemlock-tree; hemlock-tree."—Longfellow.</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>Rabbits and Water</h2> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>Victor Gage wanted to know the experience of others who have kept +rabbits. I have kept them for the last five years. I find that +they will not drink water if you feed them on clover, grass, +cabbage, lettuce, turnip tops, and other green plants. There is +always a little dew on this food. If there is much dew, they will +get enough water to last them all day, and often for three or four +days. On the other hand, if you feed them on dry food, such as +hay, oats, corn, stale bread, and other dry things, they will +generally drink water about two or three times a week, and +sometimes every day.</p> + +<p>I keep my rabbits in a house somewhat like the one Mr. Chase +illustrated in the Round Table some weeks ago. When it rains and +the rabbits are thirsty, they will lick the drops of rain as they +run down the wire netting. I think that if Mr. Gage feeds his +rabbits on the dry food mentioned for four or five days and then +give them water, he will be convinced that rabbits do drink.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 32em;"><span class="smcap">Lion Gardiner</span>.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 32em;"><span class="smcap">Concord, N. H</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>Questions and Answers.</h2> + +<p>Vincent V. M. Beede, East Orange, N. J., asks some members to describe +some less common games of dominoes, and tell the origin of the game +croquet. Let's have them in the form of morsels for printing. L. V. +Riddle, 13 Roanoke Avenue, Jamaica Plain, Boston, Mass., is interested +in botany, and wants to hear from Albert W. Atwater and all young +naturalists and botanists. Ralph Cain, 1041 Santa Fe Street, Atchison, +Kan., thinks it would be a capital idea to form an electrician Chapter +about the Table, and would like to have other members join him. He hopes +to become an electrical engineer—an excellent direction for one's +ambition just now, we think, for electricity is to be the motive power +of the future far more than it is now. Knights of to-day who reach their +threescore and ten in due time will see steam supplanted by it on our +railways. Sir Ralph will find Callaud cells, duplicated for strength, +the battery most used for sustained power. The arc light is the result +of frictional not chemical electricity.</p> + +<p>W. D. S.: What is the simplest and cheapest form of electric battery +depends upon the use for which the battery is needed. Electricians use +the blue-stone for telegraph or closed-circuit work; sal-ammoniac or +Leclanche and other open-circuit batteries for electric bells and +burglar-alarms; acid batteries, such as Grenet, Bunsen, and others, for +electro-plating, and dry batteries for medical use. The cost is from +$1.50 to $5 per cell. Books on electricity are divided into subjects. +For instance, Ayrton's <i>Practical Electricity</i> is a series of lectures +for students, $2.50, while Mayer's work, at $3.50, treats wholly of +telegraphy. Ask J. H. Bunnell & Co., 76 Cortlandt Street, N. Y., for +their catalogue, which they send free if you mention the Round Table. +Mary Newell Eaton, 197 South Lafayette Street, Grand Rapids. Mich., +wants in-door games for persons of sixteen to twenty. She also wants to +hear from any member who has visited or who now lives in Italy or China. +She may send us the morsel she mentions.</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<p>Joseph H. Durant hopes we will publish a story every other week that +young artists may illustrate. We could hardly find space for one so +often, but we intend to offer some prizes for illustrations. Conditions +will be announced soon. Sir Joseph must learn to use India ink or +water-colors (black only). Pencil cannot be reproduced at all, and +crayon but poorly. John H. Campbell, Jun., 413 School Lane, Germantown, +Philadelphia, Pa., wants to receive sample copies of amateur papers, to +join corresponding clubs, and to hear from members in Germantown with a +view of forming a local Chapter.</p> + +<p>Smith Phillips sends us some odd epitaphs from tombstones in a cemetery +at Brownsville, Pa. Such oddities are in many similar yards. It is in +this cemetery, by-the-way, that the parents of James G. Blaine are +interred. Speaking of cemeteries, can any one tell us why we use single +slabs set up at the head of the grave, while in England and France, +countries from which we borrowed most of our customs, one sees quite +different marks of graves? Where did we get our idea? Who can tell the +Table?</p> + +<p>Ronald Chipchase thinks we should add swimming to our list of all-around +sport events when we offer another medal. Lloyd Thomas asks how to make +a simple telescope for use in studying astronomy. Better not make it at +all. One that is of any real use can only be made by an expert, and is +expensive. G. D. Galloway, Oakwood Place, Eau Claire, Wis., publishes +the <i>Albermarle</i>, and wants to send you a sample. It is a neat +eight-page amateur paper. Will Fred Hawthorne tell us about the fruits +of Jamaica—what ones are ripe when he writes. Compare them, date for +date, with their appearance in Massachusetts, and carefully describe +those that we do not have. Sir Fred, we should explain, lives at "Mona +Great House," Kingston, British West Indies.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_783" id="Page_783">[Pg 783]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="CAMERA_CLUB" id="CAMERA_CLUB"></a>CAMERA CLUB.</h2> + +<h3>PAPERS FOR BEGINNERS, NO. 9.</h3> + +<h3>TREATMENT OF UNDER-EXPOSED PLATES</h3> + +<p>By an "under-exposed plate" is meant a plate which has not been exposed +long enough to the action of light for the objects to make a deep enough +impression in the silver salts, or to cause the chemical change to take +place which makes the perfect picture.</p> + +<p>The normal development of an under-exposed plate results in a negative +in which the high or white lights are very strong, and have a chalky +appearance in the print, while the shadows have little or no detail; and +where a plate has been much under-exposed, only clear glass is the +result of the development. The reason why the high lights appear so +harsh and strong is due to the fact that to get detail in the shadows +the development is carried on till the high lights are very much +over-developed and the film has become dense.</p> + +<p>The practised amateur usually knows whether his plate has been +under-exposed or not, and treats it accordingly. The beginner, not +having learned how to gauge exposures correctly, must learn how to +distinguish an under-exposed plate as soon as the developer begins to +act on it, so that he may get a good, or fairly good, negative.</p> + +<p>If a plate which has been under-exposed is placed in a normal developer, +the high lights will be some time in coming out, and the shadows will +not appear at all, or, if they do, will be very dim. If the development +is continued in order to bring out detail, the plate is apt to fog, and +is then spoiled entirely.</p> + +<p>If the rest of the image does not follow the high lights in a reasonable +length of time, take the plate from the developer and place it in clean +water. It will do no harm if it stands in water for a few minutes, for +water will bring out detail in an under-exposed plate.</p> + +<p>Nothing has been said about the different kinds of developers, though +they will be fully treated in later papers. The beginner should stick to +one developer till he has learned just how to use it.</p> + +<p>If one is using pyro, a fresh solution should be at once made up, using +half the quantity of pyro given in the formula, and the full amount of +the alkaline solution. The pyro is the developing agent, or that which +gives the required strength or density, while the alkaline solution, +containing the sulphite of soda, prevents the staining of the negative +and preserves the pyro. After the development of the plate is finished +turn off the solution, leave the plate in the tray, pour water over it, +and allow it to stand for fifteen or twenty minutes, being careful that +it is covered from the light.</p> + +<p>If one uses hydrochinon, which is a favorite developing agent with +amateurs, dilute the developer and add from three to seven drops of +iodide solution. This solution is composed of 1 grain of iodine, 1 ounce +of water, 1 ounce of alcohol. Mark the bottle "Accelerator." This +solution hastens the development of the image and brings it up evenly, +and the contrasts between the lights and shadows are made soft and +delicate.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 208px;"> +<img src="images/ill_033.jpg" width="208" height="300" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<h4>Copyright, 1895, by The Procter & Gamble Co., Cin'ti.</h4> + +<p class="center">Plenty of fresh air, an abundance of sleep, a careful diet and the daily +use of a good soap like the Ivory will purify the complexion as no +cosmetic can.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>EARN A TRICYCLE!</h2> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> +<img src="images/ill_034.jpg" width="300" height="290" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<p class="center">We wish to introduce our Teas, Spices, and Baking Powder. Sell 30 lbs. +and we will give you a Fairy Tricycle; sell 25 lbs. for a solid Silver +Watch and Chain; 50 lbs. for a Gold Watch and Chain; 75 lbs. for a +Bicycle; 10 lbs. for a Beautiful Gold Ring. Express prepaid if cash is +sent for goods. Write for catalog and order sheet.</p> + +<h4><span class="smcap">W. G. Baker</span>,</h4> + +<h4><span class="smcap">Springfield, Mass</span>.</h4> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> +<img src="images/ill_035.jpg" width="500" height="72" alt="If afflicted with SORE EYES USE Dr. ISAAC THOMPSON'S EYE WATER" title="" /> +</div> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><span class="u">OFFICIAL ANNOUNCEMENT</span> of the award on</h2> + +<h2><b>GILLOTT'S PENS</b> at the Chicago Exposition.</h2> + +<p class="center"><b>AWARD:</b> "For excellence of steel used in their manufacture, it being fine +grained and elastic; superior workmanship, especially shown by the +careful grinding which leaves the pens free from defects. The tempering +is excellent and the action of the finished pens perfect."</p> + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""> +<tr><td align='right'>(Signed)</td><td align='left'>FRANZ VOGT, <i>Individual Judge</i>.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>Approved:</td><td align='left'>{ H. I. KIMBALL, <i>Pres't Departmental Committee</i>.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'></td><td align='left'>{ JOHN BOYD THACHER, <i>Chairman Exec. Com. on Awards</i>.</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 200px;"> +<img src="images/ill_036.jpg" width="200" height="70" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<p class="center"><b>SEND for Catalogue of</b> the <b>Musical Instrument</b> you think of buying. +<b>Violins repaired</b> by the Cremona System. <span class="smcap">C. Story</span>, 26 Central St., +Boston. Mass.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>OUT-DOOR BOOKS</h2> + +<hr style="width: 25%;" /> +<p><b>PRACTICAL LAWN-TENNIS.</b> By <span class="smcap">James Dwight</span>, M.D. Illustrated. 16mo, Cloth, +Ornamental, $1.25.</p> + +<p><b>AMONG THE NORTHERN HILLS.</b> By <span class="smcap">William C. Prime</span>, LL.D. 16mo, Cloth, +Ornamental, Uncut Edges and Gilt Top, $1.00.</p> + +<p><b>ALONG NEW ENGLAND ROADS.</b> By <span class="smcap">William C. Prime</span>, LL.D. 16mo, Cloth, +Ornamental, Uncut Edges and Gilt Top, $1.00.</p> + +<p><b>I GO A-FISHING.</b> By <span class="smcap">William C. Prime</span>, LL.D. Post 8vo, Cloth, $1.00; +Paper, 50 cents.</p> + +<p><b>HOW WOMEN SHOULD RIDE.</b> By "<span class="smcap">C. de Hurst</span>." Illustrated. 16mo, Cloth, +Ornamental, $1.25.</p> + +<p><b>FIELD-FARINGS.</b> A Vagrant Chronicle of Earth and Sky. By <span class="smcap">Martha McCulloch +Williams</span>. 16mo, Cloth, Ornamental, Uncut Edges and Gilt Top, $1.00.</p> + +<p><b>FOLLY AND FRESH AIR.</b> By <span class="smcap">Eden Phillpotts</span>. Post 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, +$1.25.</p> + +<p><b>SEEN FROM THE SADDLE.</b> By <span class="smcap">Isa Carrington Cabell</span>. With an Illustration. +32mo, Cloth, Ornamental, 50 cents.</p> + +<p><b>GLIMPSES OF NATURE.</b> By <span class="smcap">Andrew Wilson</span>. With 35 Illustrations. Post 8vo, +Cloth, $1.25.</p> + +<p><b>AMERICAN FOOTBALL.</b> By <span class="smcap">Walter Camp</span>. New and Revised Edition. Illustrated. +16mo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.25.</p> + +<p><b>A SPORTING PILGRIMAGE.</b> Riding to Hounds, Golf, Rowing, Football, Club +and University Athletics. Studies in English Sport, Past and Present. By +<span class="smcap">Caspar W. Whitney</span>. Copiously Illustrated. 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, $3.50.</p> + +<p><b>RECREATIONS IN BOTANY.</b> By <span class="smcap">Caroline A. Creevey</span>. Illustrated. Post 8vo, +Cloth, Ornamental, $1.50.</p> + +<p><b>UPLAND AND MEADOW.</b> A Poaetquissings Chronicle. By <span class="smcap">C. C. Abbott</span>. 12mo, +Cloth, Ornamental, $1.50.</p> + +<p><b>WASTE-LAND WANDERINGS.</b> By <span class="smcap">C. C. Abbott</span>. 12mo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.50.</p> + +<p><b>FLY-RODS AND FLY-TACKLE.</b> Suggestions as to their Manufacture and Use. By +<span class="smcap">Henry P. Wells</span>. Illustrated. Small 4to, Cloth, Ornamental, $2.50.</p> + +<p><b>SALMON-FISHING.</b> The American Salmon-Fisherman. By <span class="smcap">Henry P. Wells</span>. +Illustrated. Small 4to, Cloth, Ornamental, $1.00.</p> + +<p><b>CITY BOYS IN THE WOODS;</b> or, A Trapping Venture in Maine. By <span class="smcap">Henry P. +Wells</span>. Illustrated. Square 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, $2.50.</p> + +<p><b>CAMP LIFE IN THE WOODS</b>, and the Tricks of Trapping and Trap-Making. By +<span class="smcap">W. Hamilton Gibson</span>. Illustrated by the Author. Square 16mo. Cloth, +$1.00.</p> + +<p><b>A FAMILY CANOE TRIP.</b> By <span class="smcap">Florence Watters Snedeker</span>. Illustrated. 32 mo, +Cloth, Ornamental, 50 cents.</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h4>Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York.</h4> + +<p class="center">☞ <i>The above works are for sale by all booksellers, or +will be mailed by the publishers, postage prepaid, on receipt of the +price.</i><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_784" id="Page_784">[Pg 784]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 534px;"> +<img src="images/ill_037.jpg" width="534" height="800" alt="THE CIRCUS TRAINING SCHOOL—AN UNPROFITABLE PUPIL." title="" /> +<span class="caption">THE CIRCUS TRAINING SCHOOL—AN UNPROFITABLE PUPIL.</span> +</div> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>CARAWAY SEEDS.</h2> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 21em;">I'm going to plant these little seeds,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">And some fine day I'll wake</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 21em;">To find a pretty spreading stalk</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">All bending down with cake.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>HARD WORK.</h2> + +<p>"Well," said Jack, "vacation has begun, and I'm just as busy as ever."</p> + +<p>"Doing what?" asked his father.</p> + +<p>"Finding something to do," said Jack. "And I tell you, Daddy, it's hard +work."</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>PROOF POSITIVE.</h2> + +<p><span class="smcap">Percy</span>. "Don't two negatives make an affirmative?"</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">Papa</span>. "Yes, Percy."</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">Percy</span>. "Then I'm awful smart."</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">Papa</span>. "Why?"</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">Percy</span>. "Because the teacher says I'm a 'Know-nothing.'"</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p>All great artists have queer experiences during their lives, which the +biographer loves to dwell upon in his books of anecdotes. Here is one +that occurred to the great pianist Paderewski in England. He received a +polite letter from an invalid lady, asking him if he would spare the +time to play her one piece during an afternoon, as her health would not +permit of her going to any crowded concert-room, the letter closing with +an offer of a half a guinea reward.</p> + +<p>Paderewski replied with an invitation to call at his hotel, appointing +an hour when he would receive her. The lady called, and Paderewski, +after pleasantly greeting her, sat before his piano and played a +prelude, a nocturne of Chopin, and Songs without Words.</p> + +<p>The little impromptu concert over, the lady rose, thanked the virtuoso +most graciously, and extended her hand to bid him adieu, slipping the +promised half-guinea into his palm.</p> + +<p>"Ah, what is this?" Paderewski inquired.</p> + +<p>"Why," she said, sweetly, "it's the half-guinea I promised you."</p> + +<p>"Now, I really believe," he answered, with a smile, "that I shall be +able to get to the next town without it." And pleasantly returning the +coin, he bowed the lady out.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p>Napoleon's smooth face was a sure evidence of his dislike for a beard. +In some anecdotes of the Russian campaign there is a story told of the +great Emperor and a poor but witty barber, who had occasion to shave +him.</p> + +<p>Napoleon had made a rather lengthy detour from the line of march with a +detachment of officers. Arriving at a small village they refreshed +themselves with a good meal and baths. Napoleon, wishing to be shaved, +the village barber was called in. While the poor fellow strapped his +razor and passed it industriously over the great Emperor's chin, he +remained silent and seemingly melancholy, although performing his work +with amazing rapidity and smoothness. When he had finished, Napoleon +complimented him, remarking, "But, man, why do you wear such a +melancholy face? You should be happy to have the privilege of shaving an +Emperor."</p> + +<p>"I am doubly happy, your Majesty."</p> + +<p>"Then what is it that troubles you?"</p> + +<p>"Alas, your Majesty, when I think of the Kings upon Kings and Emperors +that have died without knowing what it was to be shaved by me, I am sad +and melancholy."</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p>"What did Washington mean when just, before the battle of Trenton he +said, 'Put none but Americans on guard to-night?'" asked an Irishman, +who was heatedly defending the valor of the Celtic race in general. +"I'll tell you what he meant! He meant, 'Let the Irish sleep; I've work +for them to-morrow.'"</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class="smcap">Bobby.</span> "Mamma, I want you to crack me open."</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">Mamma</span>. "Why, my boy, what's the matter with you?"</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">Bobby</span>. "Papa said I was a bad egg. I don't believe it."</p> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg's Harper's Round Table, July 30, 1895, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S ROUND TABLE, JULY 30, 1895 *** + +***** This file should be named 33078-h.htm or 33078-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/3/3/0/7/33078/ + +Produced by Annie McGuire + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. 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