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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: European Fungus Flora: Agaricaceae + +Author: George Massee + +Release Date: June 28, 2010 [EBook #33013] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK EUROPEAN FUNGUS FLORA: AGARICACEAE *** + + + + +Produced by Peter Vachuska, Stephen H. Sentoff and the +Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net + + + + + + +</pre> + + + + + + +<div class="likeheading1">EUROPEAN FUNGUS FLORA<br /> + +AGARICACEAE</div> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="likeheading2">EUROPEAN FUNGUS FLORA<br /> + +AGARICACEAE</div> + + +<div class="likeheading3">GEORGE MASSEE, F.L.S.,<br /><br /> + +PRINCIPAL ASSISTANT (CRYPTOGAMS), ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, +KEW.</div> + +<p class="center">PRESIDENT OF THE QUEKETT MICROSCOPICAL CLUB; CHAIRMAN OF THE MYCOLOGICAL +SECTION OF THE YORKSHIRE NATURALISTS' UNION; MEMBER OF THE SCOTTISH +CRYPTOGAMIC SOCIETY; MEMBER OF THE NEW ZEALAND INSTITUTE; +HON. MEMBER OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY, +WINDSOR AND ETON SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY, HERTFORDSHIRE NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY, +ESSEX FIELD CLUB, <span class="smcap">&c.</span></p> + +<p class="center">AUTHOR OF <i>A TEXT-BOOK OF PLANT DISEASES</i>; <i>BRITISH FUNGI</i>; <i>BRITISH +FUNGUS-FLORA</i>; <i>A MONOGRAPH OF THE MYXOGASTRES</i>; <span class="smcap">&c., &c.</span></p> + +<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/printermark.jpg" alt="" /></div> + +<p class="center"> +London<br /> +DUCKWORTH & CO.<br /> +3 HENRIETTA STREET, W.C.<br /> +<br /> +1902<br /> +</p> +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p class="center">Cambridge:<br /> +PRINTED BY J. AND C. F. CLAY,<br /> +AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS.<br /> +</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_iii" id="Page_iii">[Pg iii]</a></span></p> +<p><a name="DEDICATION" id="DEDICATION"></a><i>To my friend Dr M. C. Cooke, to whom in matters +Mycological I cannot sufficiently express my indebtedness; +I have much pleasure in dedicating this attempt to +introduce to British Mycologists, the Agarics of European +countries.</i></p> + +<blockquote style="margin-left:60%;"><p><i>GEO. MASSEE.</i></p></blockquote> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_iv" id="Page_iv">[Pg iv]</a></span></p> +<div class="likeheading2">CONTENTS.</div> + + + + +<div class="center"> +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""> +<tr><td align="left"></td><td align="right">PAGE</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><a href="#DEDICATION">Dedication</a></td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_iii">iii</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><a href="#PREFACE">Preface</a></td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_v">v</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><a href="#AGARICACEAE_Fries">Agaricaceae, definition of</a></td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_1">1</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><a href="#SECTIONS">Agaricaceae, definition of sections of</a></td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_1">1</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><a href="#LEUCOSPORAE">Leucosporae, analysis of genera</a></td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_1">1</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><a href="#ABBREVIATIONS">Abbreviations</a></td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_3">3</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><a href="#CHLOROSPORAE">Chlorosporae, analysis of genera</a></td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_118">118</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><a href="#RHODOSPORAE">Rhodosporae, analysis of genera</a></td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_118">118</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><a href="#OCHROSPORAE">Ochrosporae, analysis of genera</a></td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_138">138</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><a href="#MELANOSPORAE">Melanosporae, analysis of genera</a></td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_203">203</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><a href="#ADDENDA">Addenda</a></td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_241">241</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><a href="#CORRECTIONS">Corrections</a></td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_244">244</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><a href="#BIBLIOGRAPHY">Bibliography</a></td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_245">245</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><a href="#INDEX">Index</a></td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_248">248</a></td></tr> +</table></div> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_v" id="Page_v">[Pg v]</a></span></p> +<div class="likeheading2"><a name="PREFACE" id="PREFACE"></a>PREFACE.</div> + + +<p>Observations extending over a period of twenty-five +years, made at Fungus Forays and kindred +meetings where Mycologists assemble together, has led +to the conviction that familiarity with the Fungi and +literature pertaining thereto, of one country only, leads +to a false impression as to the significance of the term +'species.'</p> + +<p>It conveys the idea that species are much more +sharply defined than proves to be the case, when the +entire Fungus Flora of Europe is included.</p> + +<p>In all large genera common to European countries, +the continental species can be sandwiched between +British species. Even in large genera there are as a +rule not more than eight or ten primary differentiating +specific characters present, and it is the constant correlation +of two or three of those primary characters that +constitute a species, as understood at the present day.</p> + +<p>If two British species are characterised respectively +by the marks 1, 2, and 3, 4, then we find that two +continental species belonging to the same genus will be +indicated by the characters 1, 3, and 2, 4, respectively.</p> + +<p>Primary specific characters should include only those +features that are constant, and not materially modified +by geographical or exceptional local conditions as to +environment, etc., and such alone should constitute a +specific diagnosis. Trivial or local characteristics should +follow the essential diagnosis as a rider.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_vi" id="Page_vi">[Pg vi]</a></span></p><p>With the introduction of characters due to local conditions, +a description ceases to be a specific diagnosis +in the proper sense, and is merely a description of a +certain state of a species occurring under a given set of +conditions. Such, however, is too frequently the nature +of so-called specific characters given in local Floras.</p> + +<p>A lengthy and laboured description suggests lack of +power to grip essentials on the part of the compiler, and +does not as a rule facilitate the recognition of the species +intended.</p> + +<p>The idea of this work is to give the essential characters +of each species as presented by pileus, gills, stem and +spores respectively. This, however, owing to the views +of some authors as to the predominant value of one +feature to the exclusion of others, has not always been +possible. For this reason the species of Britzelmayr are +not included, as his descriptions, even when aided by +what are presumably intended as figures, could not in +many instances be construed into an intelligible diagnosis.</p> + +<p>In Cooke and Quélet's <i>Clavis Synoptica Hymenomycetum +Europaeorum</i> (1878), 1943 species of Agarics +are recorded as European, and of these 939 are given +as British. The present work includes descriptions of +2750 European species, of which 1553 are British, a +number considerably in excess of that recorded for the +species of any other European country.</p> + +<p>The species indicated by brackets have not been recorded +as British.</p> + +<blockquote style="margin-left:60%;"><p>G. M.</p></blockquote> + +<p><span class="smcap">Kew</span>, <i>June, 1902</i>.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[Pg 1]</a></span></p> +<h1><a name="AGARICACEAE_Fries" id="AGARICACEAE_Fries"></a>AGARICACEAE, Fries.</h1> + + +<p>Hymenium covering the entire surface of radiating lamellae or +gills. Spores one-celled.</p> + +<p><a name="SECTIONS" id="SECTIONS"></a>Primary divisions of the Agaricaceae depend on the colour of the +spores as seen in the mass, when deposited on an opaque substance; +and not as seen under the microscope by transmitted light.</p> + +<ol class="key"> +<li><div class="key">I. <span class="smcap">Leucosporae</span>.</div> + +<p>Spores white. In some cases with a tinge of yellow or pink. In +some species of <i>Russula</i> the spores are clear ochre, but such species +belong obviously to <i>Russula</i> notwithstanding.</p> + +</li> +<li><div class="key">II. <span class="smcap">Chlorosporae</span>.</div> + +<p>Spores clear green or bluish-green.</p> + +</li> +<li><div class="key">III. <span class="smcap">Rhodosporae</span>.</div> + +<p>Spores salmon-colour or pink.</p> + +</li> +<li><div class="key">IV. <span class="smcap">Ochrosporae</span>.</div> + +<p>Spores ochraceous or rust-colour.</p> + +</li> +<li><div class="key">V. <span class="smcap">Melanosporae</span>.</div> + +<p>Spores black, blackish-brown, or black with a purple tinge.</p> +</li> +</ol> + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="LEUCOSPORAE" id="LEUCOSPORAE"></a>LEUCOSPORAE.</h2> + + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">I. <span class="smcap">Haplophyllae</span>.<br /> + +Margin of gills acute; i.e. not longitudinally split or grooved.</div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <span class="smcap">Molles</span>. More or less fleshy, soft, and soon decaying +or shrivelling (not corky, woody, or rigid).</div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Ring, or volva, or both present, or gills free.</i></div> + +<p><b>Amanita</b>. Volva and ring present. Gills usually free, rarely +adnexed or adnate. (Volva sometimes not evident round base of +stem, but loose patches on pileus prove its presence.)</p> + +<p><b>Amanitopsis</b>. Volva present, ring absent; gills free.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">[Pg 2]</a></span></p><p><b>Lepiota</b>. Ring present, volva absent; gills free. (In some sp. +the ring is imperfect, and in a few the gills are slightly attached.)</p> + +<p><b>Hiatula</b>. Gills free; volva and ring absent.</p> + +<p><b>Armillaria</b>. Ring present, volva absent; gills attached.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Gills adnexed or adnate; ring and volva absent.</i></div> + +<p><b>Tricholoma</b>. Gills sinuate; stem fleshy.</p> + +<p><b>Russula</b>. Pileus fleshy; gills very rigid, brittle.</p> + +<p><b>Mycena</b>. Pileus slender, campanulate, usually striate, margin +straight and adpressed to stem when young.</p> + +<p><b>Collybia</b>. Pileus rather fleshy, more or less plane, margin +incurved when young; stem cartilaginous outside.</p> + +<p><b>Marasmius</b>. Tough, drying up and reviving when moistened; +gills often connected by veins.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">+++ <i>Gills decurrent.</i></div> + +<p><b>Lactarius</b>. Gills and flesh exuding milk when broken. (In +some sp. the gills are adnate.)</p> + +<p><b>Hygrophorus</b>. Gills thick at the base, edge acute, rather waxy, +often branched; pileus often hygrophanous. (In some sp. the gills +are adnate or even free.)</p> + +<p><b>Clitocybe</b>. Gills thin, pliant, sometimes powdered with the +spores; stem fibrous outside.</p> + +<p><b>Omphalia</b>. Gills thin, pliant, stem cartilaginous outside.</p> + +<p><b>Pleurotus</b>. Growing on wood. Stem lateral or excentric when +present.</p> + +<p><b>Cantharellus</b>. Gills narrow, edge thick, rather waxy, forking.</p> + +<p><b>Arrhenia</b>. Gills reduced to very slight wrinkles or veins.</p> + +<p><b>Nyctalis</b>. Gills thick, edge blunt. Parasitic on fungi, or among +dead leaves, &c.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">** <span class="smcap">Tenaces</span>. Coriaceous, corky, or woody, persistent, +rigid when dry.</div> + +<p><b>Lentinus</b>. Pileus coriaceous; gills decurrent, edge toothed or +eroded.</p> + +<p><b>Panus</b>. Pileus coriaceous; gills decurrent, edge quite entire.</p> + +<p><b>Xerotus</b>. Pileus coriaceous; gills forking, edge thick.</p> + +<p><b>Lenzites</b>. Horizontal, sessile, woody or corky; gills radiating +from behind.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">II. <span class="smcap">Schizophyllae</span>.<br /> + +Margin of gills split open.</div> + +<p><b>Trogia</b>. Gills resembling folds or wrinkles, edge grooved. (In +the only European species the edge of gills not grooved.)</p> + +<p><b>Schizophyllum</b>. Margin of gills split, the split portions rolling +outwards.</p> +</li></ol> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[Pg 3]</a></span></p> +<div class="likeheading3"><a name="ABBREVIATIONS" id="ABBREVIATIONS"></a><span class="smcap">Abbreviations used.</span></div> + +<p>Cm. = centimetres; compr. = compressed; decur. = decurrent; +depr. = depressed; exp. = expanded; g. = gills; hygr. = hygrophanous; +infundib. = infundibuliform; mm. = millimetres; p. = pileus; +s. = stem; sp. = spores; umb. = umbonate; umbil. = umbilicate.</p> + +<p>The measurement given of the stem is that of its average length; +that of the pileus, its average breadth when expanded. The measurement +of the spores is given in micro-millimetres, usually indicated by +the Greek letter µ.</p> + + +<h3>AMANITA, Fries.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Margin of volva free, persistent.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Pileus red or deep orange.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>caesarea</b>, Scop. P. hemispherical then exp. orange or red, edge +striate, flesh yellowish; g. yellow; s. stout, yellow, ring and volva +lax; sp. 8-10 × 6. Edible.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Pileus white, sometimes tinged yellow or green.</i></div> + +<p><b>virosa</b>, Fr. Entirely white. P. 8-11 cm. conical, then expanded; +viscid when moist; g. free, crowded; s. 10-12 cm. slightly +thinner upwards, squamulose, ring near apex, torn, volva large, lax; +sp. subglobose, 8-10. Poisonous.</p> + +<p><b>phalloides</b>, Fr. P. 7-10 cm. viscid, obtuse, white, tinted yellow +or greenish; g. free, white; s. 7-10 cm. white, tapering upwards, +bulbous, ring large, volva large, margin irreg. free; sp. subglobose, +7-8. Poisonous.</p> + +<p><b>mappa</b>, Fr. Smell strong. P. 6-9 cm. convex then expanded, +dry, white or yellowish, usually with patches of the volva; g. adnexed, +white; s. 5-8 cm. white, bulbous, ring torn, volva without a large, +free margin; sp. subglobose, 7-9. Poisonous.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>A. phalloides</i> in shorter equal stem.</p> + +<p>[<b>ovoidea</b>, Bull. White. P. silky, margin incurved, even; s. squamulose.</p> + +<p>[<b>coccola</b>, Scop. White; margin of p. incurved, sulcate; s. +villose; sp. 11-12 × 8.</p> + +<p>[<b>lepiotoides</b>, Barla. At first entirely closed in brown volva. +P. exp. edge striate, squamulose, whitish, cuticle broken into greyish +tawny areolae or scales; g. broad, whitish, brownish when bruised; +s. yellowish-white, squamulose, ring thin, fugacious.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">+++ <i>Pileus yellow, sometimes tinged red.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>junquillea</b>, Q. P. pale orange or lemon yellow, viscid, deeply +striate; g. adnexed; s. and fugacious ring yellowish-white, base +ovoid-bulbous, volva circumscissile.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[Pg 4]</a></span></p><p>[<b>vernalis</b>, Gillet. P. exp. pale dingy yellow with tinge of red, +with scattered white scales; g. free, white, broadest in front; s. +white, squamulose below the ring, base bulbous, volva ample margin +free. In early spring.</p> + +<p>[<b>lutea</b>, Otth. P. conical, exp. yellow or yellowish ochre, edge +invol. slightly striate, disc papillose, viscid, usually with broad +scattered scales; g. white, crowded; s. rather narrowed upwards, +base bulbous, ring thin, white, volva membranous.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++++ <i>Pileus brownish or grey.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>porphyria</b>, A. & S. P. brownish or with a violet tinge; g. +adnexed; s. slender, ring distant brownish; sp. 8-10.</p> + +<p><b>recutita</b>, Fr. P. 6-9 cm. soon expanded, dry, glabrous, fragments +of volva present as a rule, grey or brownish; g. forming lines +down the stem; s. narrowed upwards, silky, white, ring distant, +white, edge of volva not free; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>A. porphyria</i> in ring not being tinged brown.</p> + +<p>[<b>cinerea</b>, Bresad. Small. P. conico-campan. edge striate, livid-grey; +g. free, crowded, white, edge fimbriate; s. equal, almost +glabrous, partly hollow, colour of p., ring apical, persistent, white; +volva free, sheathing, limb lobed, whitish; sp. 10-12 × 8.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">** <i>Volva without a free loose margin, or almost +obsolete.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Pileus red, reddish-brown or dingy brown.</i></div> + +<p><b>muscaria</b>, Fr. P. 12-18 cm. soon plane, striate, viscid, scarlet +or orange with white patches; gills forming lines down the stem, +white; s. 10-14 cm. stout, white, ring lax, volva broken up into +concentric ridges; sp. 8 × 5. Poisonous.</p> + +<p>var. <i>regalis</i>, Fr. Large. P. liver-colour.</p> + +<p>var. <i>formosa</i>, Pers. P. yellow or tawny orange, scales usually +absent; s. elongated, yellowish.</p> + +<p>var. <i>umbrina</i>, Viv. P. umber or livid, disc fuscous; s. hollow. +A slender form.</p> + +<p><b>rubescens</b>, Fr. P. 8-12 cm. convex then expanded, dingy red-brown, +sprinkled with small pale warts, flesh brownish when broken; +g. whitish, forming lines down the stem; s. 7-10 cm. stout, narrowed +upwards, squamulose, whitish, ring large, bulbous base concentrically +grooved; sp. 8 × 6. Edible.</p> + +<p>[<b>roseola</b>, Steinh. P. exp. rosy, with rosy mealy warts or naked, +flesh rosy; g. crowded, adnexed, white; s. cylindrical, somewhat +bulbous, with rufous squamules below ring, volva obsolete; sp. 8-9 +× 5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>Eliae</b>, Q. P. reddish-lilac, margin sulcate; g. adnexed; s. white, +striate, volva obsolete; sp. 11 long.</p> + +<p><b>magnifica</b>, Fr. P. 8-12 cm. soon almost plane, striate, reddish-brown +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</a></span>or bay, with mealy patches, flesh reddish; g. slightly decurrent; +s. 10-14 cm. bulbous, nearly equal, scaly and coloured like +pileus up to the large ring; sp. 7-8 × 5.</p> + +<p>Very close to <i>Armillaria</i>.</p> + +<p><b>megalodactyla</b>, Berk. Strong scented. P. 5-8 cm. soon expanded, +subgibbous, reddish-grey; g. free, becoming tinged red; +s. 8-12 cm. rather bulbous, fibrillose, white, ring large; sp. 5 × 3.</p> + +<p><b>aspera</b>, Fr. P. 6-8 cm. soon plane, dusky olive, livid, or brownish, +with small, crowded, angular warts, flesh reddish under the +cuticle; g. free; s. 5-8 cm. white, squamulose, bulb rugulose, ring +entire; sp. 8 × 6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>Francheti</i>, Boud. P. pale yellowish-green with golden warts; +sp. 10 × 8.</p> + +<p><b>excelsa</b>, Fr. P. 9-12 cm. soon plane, viscid, brownish-grey, +warts greyish, soon disappearing; g. free, white; s. 10-12 cm. +squamose up to the imperfect ring, and base bulbous, no free edge to +volva; sp. 8-9 × 5-6. Poisonous.</p> + +<p><b>pantherina</b>, Fr. P. 7-10 cm. soon plane, viscid, striate, yellow-brown, +grey, or whitish, with flat mealy warts; g. free but close to +stem, white; s. 10-14 cm. bulbous, whitish, silky, ring distant, +extreme edge of volva free, sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>valida</b>, Fr. P. dark, with mucronate dark pointed warts; g. +running down stem in lines.</p> + +<p><b>spissa</b>, Fr. P. 7-10 cm. soon plane, umber or grey with small +grey warts, flesh persistently white; g. running in lines down stem, +white; s. 6-8 cm. white, bulbous, slightly rooting, concentrically +cracked or squamulose, ring large; sp. 9-10 × 6.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Pileus clear yellow or orange.</i></div> + +<p><b>aureola</b>, Kalchb. P. 7-10 cm. soon plane, orange or golden, +viscid, naked; g. free; s. 8-12 cm. slender, white, floccosely-squamulose, +ring sup. volva marginate; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>citrina</b>, Gon. & Rab. P. convex, obtuse, 8-12 cm. bright yellow +with white patches; g. white, broad, free; s. 10-12 cm. long, stout, +white, volva imperfect, ring large; sp. globose, warted, 6-7.</p> + +<p>[<b>amici</b>, Gill. P. conical, then obtusely umb., striate, slightly +viscid, yellowish ochre, disc brownish and covered with large irreg. +greyish persistent patches; g. free, ventricose, narrowed at both +ends; s. hollow, bulbous, ring small inf., no free edge to volva.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">+++ <i>Pileus whitish or greyish.</i></div> + +<p><b>nitida</b>, Fr. P. 8-10 cm. hemispherical, whitish, with thick, +angular, brownish warts; g. free, crowded; s. 7-9 cm. conical, +bulbous, squamulose, white, ring torn; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>solitaria</b>, Bull. 8-12 cm. soon plane, whitish or tinged rufous, +warts angular, small, floccose, easily removed; g. white, broad, +narrowed behind and adnexed; s. 7-10 cm. with imbricated scales +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[Pg 6]</a></span>below, ring torn, base swollen, rooting, volva marginate; sp. 7-12 +× 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>echinocephala</b>, Vitt. White. P. convex then plane, shining, +bristling with acute, deciduous pyramidal warts; g. adnexed; s. +solid, scaly, base bulbous, rooting, ring distant; sp. 10 diam.</p> + +<p>[<b>Persoonii</b>, Fr. P. greyish-white, margin even; g. free; s. solid, +nearly equal, rooting.</p> + +<p>[<b>arida</b>, Fr. P. soon plane, grey, margin sulcate; g. adnexed; s. +subglabrous, ring distant, volva absent.</p> + +<p><b>strobiliformis</b>, Vitt. P. 10-20 cm. convex then expanded, +white, grey, or dingy ochre, with large pyramidal, hard warts; g. +free; s. floccosely scaly, bulbous, ring large, torn, volva forming concentric +rings; sp. 13-14 × 8-9.</p> + +<p>[<b>cariosa</b>, Fr. P. soft, even, umber or dark grey, with mealy +patches; g. adnate; s. equal throughout; sp. 10 long.</p> +</li></ol></li></ol> + +<h3>AMANITOPSIS, Roze.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Pileus coloured.</i></div> + +<p><b>vaginata</b>, Bull. P. 6-10 cm. plane, margin striate, grey, yellow, +brown, or white; g. pallid; s. 10-12 cm. narrowed upwards, +minutely squamulose, volva large, margin free; sp. 10 × 7-8.</p> + +<p>The grey form is edible, the brown form is unpalatable.</p> + +<p><b>strangulata</b>, Fr. P. 8-10 cm. soon plane, livid-bay or grey, +with patches of the volva, margin striate; g. free, white; s. 10-14 +cm. stout, thinner upwards, pale, volva breaking up and forming 2-4 +ring-like ridges on the stem; sp. 9-15 × 7.</p> + +<p>Perhaps a vigorous form of <i>A. vaginata</i>.</p> + +<p>[<b>urceolata</b>, Viv. P. thin, hemispher. then slightly depr. umb. +viscid, mouse-colour, edge striate; g. adnate, shining white; s. white, +even, naked, volva urceolate.</p> + +<p>[<b>friabilis</b>, Karst. P. exp. thin, rather viscid, greyish, edge +sulcate, with broad crowded warts or scales; g. free, white, edge +darker, crenulate; s. conical, everywhere floccosely scaly, white or +greyish; volva broken up into fragments; sp. glob. 11-12.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>A. vaginata</i> in smaller size and imperfect volva.</p> + +<p>[<b>praetoria</b>, Paul. P. thin, campan. then exp. naked, pectinately +sulcate, maroon or brownish; g. annulato-adnexed; s. ventricose, +volva large, lax.</p> + +<p><b>lenticularis</b>, Fr. P. 7-10 cm. globose, then convex, even, naked, +reddish-tan; g. free, crowded, pallid; s. 10-14 cm. subbulbous, +white, ring large; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>Godeyi</b>, Gillet. P. pale honey-colour, naked, striate; g. free, +crowded; s. cylind., volva large, torn; sp. 15-18 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>scobinella</b>, Trog. P. exp. fuscescent, pellicle broken up into +minute, deciduous, darker wart-like squamules, near margin even +and silky; g. white; s. conical, base white-squamulose.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</a></span></p><p>[<b>gemmata</b>, Paul. Exp. vermilion with angular warts; g. pure +white; s. solid, bulbous, whitish, no distinct volva.</p> + +<p><b>adnata</b>, W. G. Sm. P. 6-8 cm. yellowish-buff with patches of +the volva; g. adnate, crowded, white; s. 5-9 cm. fibrillose, buff, +volva almost obsolete; sp. subglobose, 7-8.</p> + +<p>[<b>insidiosa</b>, Letell. P. exp. even, glabrous, lurid, greenish-olive, +&c.; g. free, white; s. solid, slightly thinner upwards, edge of volva +free; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>A. baccata</i> in even p. and free margin of volva. +Fries suggests <i>A. phalloides</i> without the ring.</p> + +<p>[<b>Bresadolae</b>, Sacc. Volva subglobose, not sheathing, edge +stellate, tinged brown; p. exp. glabrous, whitish, often with angular +umber warts; g. almost free, whitish; s. cylindr. whitish; sp. subg. +5-7.</p> + +<p>Superficially resembles <i>Volvaria parvula</i>.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Pileus white.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>leiocephala</b>, D. C. Shining white. P. convex then plane, silky, +edge even; g. free; s. solid, short, firm, volva very large, lax.</p> + +<p>[<b>cygnea</b>, Schulz. White. P. soon plane; g. attenuato-adnexed; +s. clothed with adnate patches above the ample sheathing volva.</p> + +<p>[<b>hyperborea</b>, Karst. (= <i>Ag. gemmatus</i> var. <i>lapponicus</i> Karst.). +Entirely white. P. thin, convex, exp. covered with angular warts, +edge pectinato-sulcate; g. free, shining white; s. bulbous, attenuated +upwards, ring absent; sp. glob. 10-14.</p> + +<p>Perhaps a var. of <i>A. vaginatus</i>.</p> + +<p>[<b>leccina</b>, Scop. P. exp. obtuse, naked, whitish or yellowish, edge +even; g. adnate; s. equal, edge of ring reddish; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>baccata</b>, Fr. P. white, covered with globose warts; g. free; +s. equal, volva obtusely marginate; sp. 11 × 7.</p> + +<p>[<b>Boudieri</b>, Barla. P. globose then exp. or depr., satiny, white, +disc tinged, warted, edge even; g. broad, white then tinged yellow, +subadnexed; s. long, subcylindrical, white and scurfy at apex, rest +yellowish-white, bulb turbinate, volva obliterated, brownish, ring +thin, caducous; sp. ellipsoid, elongated.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>A. baccata</i> in longer sp.</p> +</li></ol> + +<h3>LEPIOTA, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">A. <i>Epidermis dry.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Ring free, distinct from the volva.</i></div> + +<p><b>procera</b>, Scop. P. soon expanded, umbonate, with brownish +scales, 10-25 cm.; g. free, crowded; s. 12-20 cm., base thickened, +brownish, transversely cracked, ring free; sp. 12-15 × 8-9. Edible.</p> + +<p><b>rachodes</b>, Vitt. P. 10-18 cm. soon expanded, not umbonate, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</a></span>with brown scales, flesh brownish when broken; gills free; s. white, +not cracked, 12-15 cm., ring free; sp. 14 × 8. Edible.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. procera</i> in the flesh turning brown when cut.</p> + +<p>var. <i>puellaris</i>, Fr. Small, entirely white, stem flocculose.</p> + +<p>[<b>Olivieri</b>, Barla. P. convex, then exp. or depr., whitish tinged +fawn at disc, covered with fawn adpr. fibrillose scales; g. broad, free +yellowish-white; s. whitish, base swollen, ring cottony, caducous; +flesh white, brick-red then brownish when broken.</p> + +<p>Allied to <i>L. rachodes</i> with which it agrees in size.</p> + +<p><b>prominens</b>, Viv. P. 4-6 cm., umbo very strong, ochraceous, +scaly; g. white; s. 9-15 cm. slender, base swollen, ring free; +sp. 10 × 8.</p> + +<p><b>permixta</b>, Barla. P. convex, more or less umb. campan. then +exp. silky, greyish fawn, centre darker, with adpr. brown scales and +becoming deprived of cuticle at edge; g. pale wax or tinged red; s. +cylindr. dingy white cracked into brown adpr. scales, base swollen, +ring brownish; flesh reddish when broken.</p> + +<p>Resembles <i>L. procera</i> in size and marking of s.; <i>L. rachodes</i> in +flesh becoming red; and <i>L. excoriata</i> in having border deprived of +cuticle.</p> + +<p>[<b>molybdites</b>, Mey. P. globose then campan. broken into crustaceous +scales up to middle; g. remote, white then tinged blue; s. +hollow, blackish-brown, bulbous, ring equal.</p> + +<p>An introduced species.</p> + +<p><b>excoriata</b>, Schaeff. P. globose then plane, 5-8 cm. bistre or +whitish, silky or squamulose; g. free; s. cylindrical, white, 5-8 cm. +hollow, ring free; sp. 14-15 × 8-9.</p> + +<p><i>L. naucina</i> differs in the fragmentary ring.</p> + +<p>[<b>carneifolia</b>, Gill. P. fleshy, exp. brown or purple brown, glabrous +then minutely broken up into fascicles of fibrils; g. fleshy, crowded, +distant from s.; s. white, fibrillose, thickened at base, ring large, +soon free.</p> + +<p><b>densifolia</b>, Gill. P. obtuse, white, soon broken up into adpressed +fibrillose scales; g. closely crowded, thin, white, broadest in front; s. +white, shining, ring free.</p> + +<p><b>gracilenta</b>, Kromb. P. soon expanded, obtusely umbonate, +5-8 cm., brown patches on white ground; g. free, broad; s. +thickened at base, 12-16 cm., white, ring floccose, disappearing; sp. +10-11 × 7.5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. procera</i> in smaller size and more especially in the +fugacious ring. <i>L. prominens</i> differs in very large umbo and permanent, +free ring.</p> + +<p><b>mastoidea</b>, Fr. Entirely whitish. P. 3-5 cm. with small +disappearing warts; g. free; s. narrow up from bulbous base, +5-8 cm., ring free; sp. 7-8 × 5.</p> + +<p>The smallest species of the present section. Like <i>L. gracilenta</i> +in miniature.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</a></span></p> +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Ring fixed, homogeneous with the universal veil +clothing the stem.</i></div> + +<p><b>Friesii</b>, Lasch. P. 8-12 cm. expanded, subumb. with adpressed, +tomentose brown scales; g. free, crowded; s. 8-12 cm. subbulbous, +scaly, brownish, ring pendulous; sp. 8-9 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>acutesquamosa</b>, Weinm. P. 9-12 cm. convex, obtuse, pale +rusty with numerous small pointed warts; g. free, crowded; s. +8-10 cm. narrowed from swollen base, white with rusty scales +below, ring large; sp. 7-8 × 4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. Friesii</i> in rigid deciduous warts, and broad gills +very close to stem.</p> + +<p><b>Badhami</b>, Berk. P. 5-8 cm. expanded, obtuse, squamulose, +dark brown, cracked into patches, flesh like that of stem saffron-red +when broken; g. free; s. 6-8 cm. bulbous, whitish, ring rather +loose; sp. 5 × 3.</p> + +<p><b>emplastra</b>, Cke. and Mass. P. 5-8 cm. convex, glabrous, dark +brown, cracked and showing white ground; g. free; s. 7-9 cm. +whitish, ring brown outside; sp. 18-20 × 10-12.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. Badhami</i> in glabrous pileus and larger spores.</p> + +<p><b>meleagris</b>, Sow. P. 2-4 cm. soon plane, minute black scales on +a pale ground, flesh becoming red; g. free; s. 3-6 cm., with blackish +squamules, stuffed, ring obsolete; sp. 6-7 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>biornata</b>, B. and Br. P. 2-4 cm. convex, white tinged yellow, +sprinkled with red scales; g. free; s. 6-9 cm. long, ventricose, white +spotted red as is also the ring; sp. 8-9 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>hispida</b>, Lasch. P. 5-7 cm. soon expanded, umb. tawny-brown, +tomentose then hispid; g. free, crowded; s. 5-7 cm. floccosely-scaly +up to ring, tawny; sp. 6-7 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>lignicola</b>, Karst. P. exp. whitish- or yellowish-rusty, with +innate, erect, rusty concentric scales, edge fibrillose; g. crowded, +free, edge crenulate; s. curved, rusty, squamulose up to obsolete +ring; sp. 4-5 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>Superficially resembles <i>Phol. squarrosa</i>.</p> + +<p>[<b>helveola</b>, Bres. P. exp. umb. scaly, reddish-brown; g. free, +ventricose, white; s. white then fawn, ring white. Poisonous.</p> + +<p>[<b>Boudieri</b>, Bres. Subcaespitose. P. campan. exp. fawn, with +minute darker scales; g. densely crowded, white, edge purple primrose; +s. bulbillose, brownish and fibrillose up to ring; sp. 8-9 × 3.5.</p> + +<p>[<b>ignicolor</b>, Bres. P. conico-campan. subexp. umb. squamulose or +fibrillose then almost glabrous, dry, fiery tawny; g. yellowish, edge +tawny; s. colour of p., base somewhat rooting with bright tawny +fibrils; ring evanescent; sp. 8-10 × 4.5-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>castanea</b>, Q. P. umb. squamulose, brown; s. and ring white +with tawny flecks.</p> + +<p>[<b>echinella</b>, Q. and Bern. Smell like radishes. P. camp. then +convex and umb. bay, bristling with brown pyramidal hairs; g. free, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</a></span>pallid, tinged red; s. rosy, blackish scales below silky ring, pale +above.</p> + +<p>Much more slender than <i>L. hispida</i>.</p> + +<p>[<b>Morieri</b>, Gill. P. exp. umb. white, shining, covered with reddish +scales, umbo smooth, edge appendiculate; g. white, edge denticulate; +s. fibrillose, white, shining, ring ample.</p> + +<p><b>clypeolaria</b>, Bull. 5-8 cm. campan., at first incrusted, umb. +tawny, remainder with brownish scales; g. free; s. 6-8 cm., fibrillosely +squamulose up to ring, striate above; sp. 6 × 4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. hispida</i> in pileus not being tomentose, and paler +colour. From <i>L. cristata</i> by squamulose stem.</p> + +<p>[<b>brunneoincarnata</b>, Chod. and Mart. P. subglobose then +campan.-conic and umb. with scattered rufescent scales; g. free, +white; s. fistulose, equal, colour of p.</p> + +<p>[<b>Forquignoni</b>, Q. P. white, silky, umbo olive; g. becoming +rosy; s. white.</p> + +<p><b>felina</b>, Pers. P. 2-3 cm. camp. expanded, umbo black, rest +with concentric black scales on a white ground; g. free; s. 3-5 cm., +white, sometimes with black specks; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>metulaespora</b>, B. and Br. P. 2-3 cm. campan. then expanded, +margin coarsely striate, whitish-yellow with pale squamules; g. +almost free; s. 4-6 cm., pale lemon yellow inside and out; sp. +fusiform, 15-16 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>cristata</b>, A. and S. P. 2-4 cm. soon expanded, reddish-brown +cuticle at first continuous, then broken up into concentric scales on a +whitish ground; g. free; s. 4-6 cm., whitish, fibrillose; sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. clypeolaria</i> in stem not being squamulose.</p> + +<p>[<b>lilacea</b>, Bres. P. convex-campan. exp. depr. sometimes umb. +purple-lilac then pale and broken up into fuscous squamules; +g. free, white; s. fibrillosely scurfy, then almost glabrous, whitish +then pinkish lilac, ring inf. persistent blackish violet underneath; +sp. 4-5 × 2-2.5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>Lepiota cristata</i> in absence of smell, a feature which +also separates it from <i>L. Bucknallii</i>.</p> + +<p><b>nigro-marginata</b>, Mass. P. 3-5 cm. soon expanded, buff with +small, brown, concentric scales; g. narrow, pallid; s. 5-6 cm. +slender, smooth, buff, peronate up to distant ring; sp. 6-7 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>Magnusiana</b>, P. Henn. P. cylindrico-campan. then exp. papillately +scaly, white, centre yellowish with age, edge striate; g. free, +crowded, lanceolate, white then reddish; s. equal, white then reddish, +ring membranaceo-flocculose; sp. 7-11 × 6-8.</p> + +<p><b>erminea</b>, Fr. White. P. 4-7 cm., camp. then expanded, even, +glabrous, then silky towards margin; g. free; s. 5-7 cm. fibrillose; +sp. 11-12 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>micropholis</b>, B. and Br. P. 1-1.5 cm., soon plane, white with +minute radiating blackish squamules; g. free; s. 2-2.5 cm., white, +ring spreading; sp. 5 × 3.</p> + +<p><b>citriophylla</b>, B. and Br. P. 1.5-2 cm. expanded, umb. lemon +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</a></span>yellow with rufous squamules; g. free, lemon yellow; s. 2-4 cm. +squamulose, yellow; sp. 7-8 × 4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. amianthina</i> by free gills and white flesh; and +from <i>L. metulaespora</i> in squamulose stem.</p> + +<p><b>atro-crocea</b>, W. G. Sm. P. 2.3 cm. soon plane, margin often +lobed, deep orange, covered with purple-brown fibrils; g. slightly +attached, tinged yellow; s. 2-3 cm. orange; sp. ——.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">*** <i>Ring superior, fixed, subpersistent; universal +veil adnate to the pileus.</i></div> + +<p><b>Vittadinii</b>, Fr. P. 6-10 cm. expanded, obtuse, whitish, densely +covered with small erect warts; g. free, with a greenish tinge; +s. 5-8 cm. with concentric scales up to large ring, whitish or scales +tipped red; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. nympharum</i> in solid stem and superior ring.</p> + +<p>[<b>strobiliformis</b>, Gill. P. convex, edge irreg. covered with strong +brown, angular and pyramidal warts; g. closely crowded, narrow; s. +cylindrical, stout, whitish, ring membranous.</p> + +<p>[<b>furnacea</b>, Let. P. white with a black cortex splitting radially; +s. white with concentric black scales.</p> + +<p><b>nympharum</b>, Kalchb. P. 6-9 cm. soon expanded, umb. often +tinged brown, rest white with overlapping scales; g. free; s. white, +hollow, glabrous; sp. globose.</p> + +<p>[<b>colubrina</b>, Kromb. P. convex, obtuse, tinged fuscous, covered +with tomentose imbricated scales; g. white; s. solid, very long, ring +distant.</p> + +<p><b>holosericea</b>, Fr. Very soft. P. 6-9 cm. soon plane, obtuse, +floccose, whitish or tinge of tan; g. free; s. 5-9 cm. bulbous, whitish, +silky, ring large; sp. 7-8 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>naucina</b>, Fr. White. P. 5-10 cm. globose then plane, subumb. +glabrous then breaking up into granules; g. free; s. 4-5 cm. tapering +to thickened base, fibrillose, ring sup. thin, disappearing; sp. +subg. 6-7.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. excoriatia</i> in the ephemeral ring.</p> + +<p><b>leucothites</b>, Vitt. P. 5-10 cm. subumbonate, white, disc tinged +brown, silky then squamulose; g. white then pink; s. 7-12 cm. white, +smooth, bulbous, ring large, persistent; sp. hyaline, 9 × 7.</p> + +<p>[<b>rorulenta</b>, Paniz. Tufted. P. whitish, campan. umb. sulcate, +softly granulato-squamulose; g. closely crowded, tinged rosy; s. +slender, elongated, base thickened.</p> + +<p><b>cepaestipes</b>, Sow. Yellow. P. 2-5 cm. expanded, umb., scaly, +margin plicate; g. free; s. swollen below, 7-12 cm. floccose; sp. +7-8 × 4.</p> + +<p>There is a white form.</p> + +<p>[<b>medioflava</b>, Boud. P. exp. striate, snow-white, very minutely +silky tomentose, centre depr. but the prominent umbo yellowish; +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</a></span>g. free, white; s. fistulose, white, minutely scurfy above median +reflexed ring, thickened base often yellowish; sp. 5-6 × 3.</p> + +<p><b>licmophora</b>, B. and Br. Pale yellow. P. 2-3 cm. glabrous, +coarsely grooved; g. free; s. 3-5 cm. thicker below, smooth; +sp. 9-10 × 5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. cepaestipes</i> in glabrous pileus.</p> + +<p>[<b>Brebissoni</b>, Godey. P. exp. subumb. very thin, striate to middle, +brownish, paler towards edge, with brown scales at centre and paler +ones at margin; g. distant, edge toothed; s. swollen below, silvery +white, pruinose above the ring.</p> + +<p>Resembles some sp. of <i>Coprinus</i> in transparency and fragility.</p> + +<p>[<b>Schulzeri</b>, Kalchbr. White. P. convex then exp. umb. even, +glabrous; g. free, remote, narrowed behind; s. hollow, narrowed +from a subbulbous base, naked, ring median, small.</p> + +<p>[<b>straminella</b>, Bagl. Entirely straw-colour. P. obtuse, sulcate, +with glutinous mealy flecks; g. attached to ring behind, s. floccose, +bulbous.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">**** <i>Pileus granular or warted. Universal veil of +pileus and stem at first continuous, on rupturing +forming an inferior ring.</i></div> + +<p><b>cinnabarina</b>, A. and S. P. 4-7 cm. obtuse, more or less gibbous, +scurfy, persistently brick-red; g. free; s. 3-5 cm. with red scales up +to imperfect ring; sp. 6-7 × 5.</p> + +<p>var. <i>Terreyi</i>, B. and Br. P. subglobose, bright tawny red, rough +with warts.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. granulosa</i> by larger size and persistently red +pileus.</p> + +<p><b>carcharias</b>, Pers. Smell strong. P. 2-4 cm. soon plane, +subumb. pale flesh colour or yellowish-pink, granular; g. adnexed, +white; s. 3-4 cm. granular and coloured like pileus up to ring; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>var. <i>Terrei</i>, B. and Br. P. orange-red, convex; s. nearly equal; +g. broad, ventricose.</p> + +<p>[<b>tuberculata</b>, Brig. P. globoso-exp. cuticle thick, breaking into +tubercles, pale tan; g. white; s. subbulbous, fibrillose.</p> + +<p>[<b>venusta</b>, Bagl. P. convex, edge very thin, crenulate, sulcate, +cuticle tawny cracking in the centre; g. adnexed by a tooth; s. solid, +thickened upwards, peronate half way up.</p> + +<p>[<b>Pauletii</b>, Fr. P. exp. bristling with spines, brownish; g. +crowded; s. short, white.</p> + +<p><b>granulosa</b>, Batsch. P. 2-3 cm. expanded, obtusely umb. scurfy +or granular, rusty or brownish-orange, pale and hoary when dry; +s. 3-5 cm. floccosely scaly and coloured like pileus up to ring; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Pileus often wrinkled, sometimes pale.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</a></span></p><p>var. <i>rufescens</i>, B. and Br. Entirely white, becoming rufous when +dry.</p> + +<p><i>L. amianthina</i> differs in adnate gills and yellow flesh of stem. +Differs from <i>L. carcharia</i> in absence of unpleasant smell.</p> + +<p><b>amianthina</b>, Scop. P. 2-2.5 cm. soon plane and subumb. +granular, ochraceous, flesh yellow; g. adnate, yellowish; s. 3-5 cm. +squamulose up to ring, flesh yellow; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>var. <i>Broadwoodiae</i>, B. and Br. P. yellow; g. white.</p> + +<p><b>polysticta</b>, Berk. P. 2-3 cm. soon expanded, reddish or yellow-brown +broken up into minute scales; g. free, yellowish; s. 2-4 cm. +scaly and coloured like pileus up to ring; sp. ——.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">***** <i>Cuticle of pileus dry, entire, not granular nor +scaly; small, slender.</i></div> + +<p><b>parvannulata</b>, Lasch. P. 1-1.5 cm. expanded, subumb. silky, +white or tinged yellow; g. free, crowded; s. 3-5 cm. white, fibrillose +up to distant small spreading ring; sp. 4 × 2.5.</p> + +<p><i>L. erminea</i> differs in superior, torn ring, glabrous pileus, and +radishy smell.</p> + +<p><b>sistrata</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. expanded, whitish, disc often tinged +yellow or reddish, pruinose with glistening particles; g. nearly free, +crowded; s. 3-5 cm. white, silky, ring fibrillose; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><i>L. seminuda</i> differs in mealy stem, and <i>L. mesomorpha</i> in +glabrous pileus and stem, and entire ring.</p> + +<p><b>seminuda</b>, Lasch. P. 2-3 cm. expanded, umbonate, whitish +or tinged fleshcolour, mealy then naked; g. reaching the stem; +s. 3-4 cm. whitish, mealy, ring small, superior; sp. 5 × 3.</p> + +<p><i>L. sistrata</i> differs in fibrillose stem and pileus covered with +glistening particles.</p> + +<p><b>Bucknallii</b>, B. and Br. P. 1-2 cm. convex, white with violet +powder; g. reaching stem; s. 3-5 cm. white with violet powder; +sp. 7 × 3.</p> + +<p>Smell strong, like gas-tar.</p> + +<p><b>ianthina</b>, Cke. P. 2 cm. expanded, umb. whitish, disc violet, +fibrillose; g. free; s. 2-3 cm. wavy, white, ring distant, disappearing; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>mesomorpha</b>, Bull. P. about 1.5 cm. expanded, subumb. pale +brown or yellowish, even, glabrous; g. free; s. 3-4 cm. pale, +glabrous, ring superior; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>denudata</b>, Rab. P. campan.-exp. pale sulphur, very thin, +floccosely scurfy then naked; g. ventricose; s. subequal, with a +minute very fugacious ring.</p> + +<p>[<b>serena</b>, Fr. White. P. campan. glabrous; s. slender, subbulbous, +ring thin, deciduous.</p> + +<p><b>martialis</b>, Cke. and Mass. P. 2-3. cm. soon plane, deep rose; +g. free; s. 3-4 cm. pink up to broad ring; sp. 8 × 4.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[Pg 14]</a></span></p> +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">B. <i>Cuticle of pileus viscid, not broken up.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>demisannulata</b>, Secr. P. thin, umb. even; g. free, crowded, +white; s. nearly equal, with black fibrils, ring pendulous.</p> + +<p><b>medullata</b>, Fr. White. P. 3-5 cm. soon expanded, glabrous, +viscid, veil in fragments at margin; g. free; s. 5-8 cm. dry, obsoletely +squamulose below, ring torn; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. illinita</i> in dry stem.</p> + +<p><b>glioderma</b>, Fr. P. 2.5-5 cm. campan. then convex, even, viscid +reddish-bay; g. free; s. 5-8 cm. dry, whitish, densely squamulose +up to torn ring; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>delicata</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. convex then plane, even, viscid, +granular, rufescent or yellowish; g. free; s. 2-3 cm.; s. dry, +whitish floccosely squamulose up to ring; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. glioderma</i> in p. not being campanulate, and stem +floccose, not squamose.</p> + +<p><b>illinita</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. white or tinged tan, subumb. glabrous, +viscid; g. free; s. 5-7 cm. white, glutinous, ring obsolete; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Distinct from all species by glutinous stem.</p> + +<p>[<b>pingua</b>, Fr. P. white or greyish, viscid, as is also the ring; +s. short, dry.</p> + +<p>[<b>inoculata</b>, Fr. P. exp. obtuse, honey colour, even, viscid; +g. crowded, broad; s. abruptly vaginate by the veil.</p> + +<p><b>Georginae</b>, W. G. Sm. White. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. mealy, viscid, +changing to crimson when touched, as do also the gills and stem.</p> +</li></ol> + +<h3>[HIATULA, Fr.</h3> + +<p>[<b>Wynniae</b>, B. and Br. P. 2-3 cm. membranaceous, splitting +along back of gills, pale; g. rather distant, white; st. 2-3 cm. +hollow.</p> + +<p>Introduced from Queensland. Phosphorescent.</p> + + +<h3>ARMILLARIA, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Gills sinuate, adnexed.</i></div> + +<p><b>bulbigera</b>, A. and S. P. 7-10 cm. brownish, dry, fibrillose near +margin; g. emarginate; s. marginately bulbous, pale, ring soon +disappearing; sp. 7-10 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>phoenicea</b>, Weinm. P. exp. glabrous, viscid, red; g. free, +shining white; s. bulbous, with red fibrils, ring fugacious.</p> + +<p><b>focalis</b>, Fr. P. 7-12 cm. reddish-tawny, silky, obtuse; g. almost +free; s. 7-9 cm. equal, fibrillose, ring median; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>var. <i>goliath</i>, Fr. Larger than type, s. rooting, ring almost +obsolete.</p> + +<p><b>robusta</b>, A. and S. P. 6-8 cm. dry, rufous-bay, flesh thick; g. +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</a></span>nearly free; s. 3-5 cm. stout, base narrowed, brownish floccose up to +ring, white above; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>A. aurantia</i> in deeply emarginate, broad, whitish +gills.</p> + +<p>[<b>squamea</b>, Barla. Smell like cucumber. P. convex then exp. +reddish cinnamon, covered with brown-red scales; edge incurved; +g. broad, subdecur. whitish tinged red; s. subventricose with a long +tapering base, reddish-brown and scaly up to torn ring, white above; +flesh-white, saffron when broken.</p> + +<p>Allied to <i>Armill. robusta</i> but larger.</p> + +<p>[<b>Caussetta</b>, Barla. Smell like cucumber. P. exp. depr. dry, silky, +squamulose at centre, rather viscid when moist, brick-red, edge +incurved then spreading; g. broad, pale or tinged red; s. stout, +narrowed at base, fibrillose and reddish up to ring, white above; +flesh white, reddish when broken.</p> + +<p>[<b>caligata</b>, Viv. Smell strong. P. exp. tawny, spotted with +adpressed silky scales; g. emarginate; s. solid, with brownish concentric +scales below the membranous persistent ring.</p> + +<p>[<b>megalopoda</b>, Bres. Smell strong. P. convex, exp. or depr. even, +glabrous, rather viscid, chestnut; g. crowded, whitish then straw-colour; +s. brownish-squamulose up to median ring, white above; +sp. glob. 5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>luteovirens</b>, A. and S. All except white squamulose stem +straw-colour; p. torn into squamules, greenish when mature; ring +imperfect.</p> + +<p><b>aurantia</b>, Schaeff. P. 5-8 cm. rusty orange; g. adnexed; +s. 6-8 cm. stout, orange and concentrically squamose up to ring, +white above; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>dehiscens</b>, Viv. P. hemispher. then depr. yellowish ochre; g. +adnexo-decur., broad; s. cylindric, scaly, viscid, ring very narrow, +persistent.</p> + +<p><b>ramentacea</b>, Bull. P. 5-8 cm., obtuse, whitish or yellowish +with darker squamules; g. adnexed becoming free; s. 3-5 cm. with +brown squamules up to the oblique fugitive ring; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>Ambrosii</b>, Bres. P. convex, exp. dry, soft, floccosely-downy, +snow-white, edge append.; g. white; s. even above ring, floccose +below, white; ring inferior, torn, deciduous, sp. 4-5 × 2.5.</p> + +<p>[<b>cingulata</b>, Fr. P. thin umb. greyish brown, squamosely fibrillose; +g. greyish white; s. even, ring median.</p> + +<p>[<b>scruposa</b>, Paulet. P. exp. glabrous, rough with contorted +ridges, subfuscous; g. sinuato-adnate; s. solid, equal, rooting, ring +firm, narrow.</p> + +<p>[<b>albosericea</b>, Brig. White. P. exp. broadly umb., even; g. +crowded; s. silky, base tuberous, ring remote, fugacious.</p> + +<p><b>constricta</b>, Fr. All white. P. 3-5 cm. obtuse, dry, glabrous, +silky; g. emarginate, adnexed, or almost free; s. 3-6 cm. solid, +fibrillose or squamulose, ring apical, narrow; sp.</p> + +<p>Much stouter than <i>A. subcava</i>.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[Pg 16]</a></span></p><p>[<b>verrucipes</b>, Fr. Pure white. P. glabrous; s. with brown warts +up to annular zone, ring absent; g. sinuato-adnate.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills narrowed behind, more or less decurrent, +with no sinus.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>imperialis</b>, Fr. P. brown with darker scales; g. deeply decurrent; +ring double, sp. 12-14 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>Laschii</b>, Fr. P. fawn colour, even, glabrous, thin ring erect; +g. crowded, white.</p> + +<p>[<b>tumescens</b>, Viv. P. exp. even, glabrous, whitish; g. adnate, +pale ochre, then tinged red; s. solid, stout, narrowed from the base, +whitish, ring fugacious.</p> + +<p>[<b>rhadigosa</b>, Fr. P. depr. moist, whitish with brownish adpressed +scales at disc; g. decur., broad, white; s. short, equal, ring reflexed.</p> + +<p><b>mellea</b>, Vahl. P. 5-12 cm. soon expanded, yellowish-brown, +squamulose, margin striate; g. slightly decurrent; s. 8-12 cm. +floccose up to spreading ring, base honey-colour; sp. 9 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>Mycelium forming long black strands. A destructive parasite.</p> + +<p><b>denigrata</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. obtuse, dark brown, rather viscid, +spotted with droplike depressions, and with elevated warts, margin +even; g. rather decurrent; s. 4-5 cm. solid tinged brown, ring +disappearing; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>morio</b>, Fr. P. campan.-exp. irreg. cracked, viscid, greyish brown +then rufescent; g. adnate; s. solid, fibrous, ring narrow.</p> + +<p>[<b>Viviani</b>, Fr. P. convex, glabrous, dark bay then whitish; g. +adnate, pale fawn; s. elongated, white, ring narrow.</p> + +<p>[<b>griseofusca</b>, D. C. P. convex, even, glabrous, brownish grey, +discoid; g. decur.; s. equal, glabrous, ring persistent.</p> + +<p>[<b>pleurotoides</b>, Fr. P. subexcentric, ring toothed; s. whitish +with a flesh-coloured tint.</p> + +<p><b>citri</b>, Inz. P. 2-3 cm. soon plane, subumb., even, yellow; g. +adnate; s. 5-7 cm., slender, ring spreading; sp. subgl. 5 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>subcava</b>, Schum. P. 3-4 cm. white, umbo brownish, striate to +middle; g. decurrent; s. equal, hollow upwards, 4-5 cm., even up to +torn ring, punctate above, white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>A. constricta</i> by longer thinner stem, and striate +pileus.</p> + +<p><b>haematites</b>, B. and Br. P. 2-3 cm. obtuse, liver-coloured; g. +adnato-decurrent; s. 3-5 cm. coloured like pileus up to ring, whitish +above; sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">*** <i>Gills adnate without a sinus.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>laqueata</b>, Fr. White. P. 3-4 cm. hemispherical, obtuse, viscid +when moist, smooth; g. adnate; s. 5-7 cm. solid, squamulose or +fibrillose below the ring, base tinged brown; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[Pg 17]</a></span></p><p><b>mucida</b>, Schrad. P. 4-8 cm. soon expanded, white or grey, +rugulose, glutinous; g. striately decurrent; s. 5-12 cm. base +thickened, ring apical, striate, tumid; sp. 15-16 × 8-9.</p> + +<p><b>Jasonis</b>, Cke. and Mass. P. 3-5 cm., camp. then expanded, +umb., yellow, disc tawny, papillate; g. adnate; s. 5-7 cm. coloured +like pileus, squamulose up to torn ring; sp. 8 × 5 µ.</p> + +<p>[<b>fracida</b>, Fr. Smell rancid. P. convex, obtuse, even, spotted, +brownish-olive; g. becoming free, white; s. base narrowed, squamulose, +smooth above the spreading torn ring.</p> + +<p>[<b>pinetorum</b>, Gill. P. exp. umb. granular, pale or yellowish +white, covered with reddish squamules; g. sinuato-decur., pallid; s. +colour of p., squamulose up to spreading ring which is also squamulose +outside.</p> +</li></ol> + +<h3>TRICHOLOMA, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">A. <i>Pileus viscid, scaly, or villose.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">I. <span class="smcap">Limacina</span>. <i>Pileus viscid when moist, innately +fibrillose or squamulose, but not broken up.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Gills not changing colour, not becoming rufescent.</i></div> + +<p><b>equestre</b>, Linn. P. 7-12 cm. exp. obtuse, viscid, squamulose, +yellow or tinged green; g. sulphur yellow; s. 4-7 cm. yellow; sp. +7-8 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>coryphaeum</b>, Fr. P. 8-15 cm. soon exp. viscid, yellowish with +darker squamules; g. white, edge yellow; s. solid, obclavate; sp. +subglobose, 5-6.</p> + +<p><i>T. equestre</i> differs in having gills entirely yellow, and <i>T. sejunctum</i> +in its pure white gills.</p> + +<p><b>sejunctum</b>, Sow. P. 7-10 cm. expanded, yellow with brown +streaks, viscid; g. pure white; s. 8-12 cm. white, apex squamulose; +sp. subgl. 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>portentosum</b>, Fr. P. 7-12 cm. viscid, sooty often with purple +tinge, viscid, streaked with dark lines; g. white, very broad; s. +7-8 cm. whitish, glabrous; sp. subgl. 4-5 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>fucatum</b>, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. soon plane, viscid, dingy yellow with +darker stains; g. white or tinged yellow; s. 5-7 cm. fibro-squamulose, +whitish; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>quinquepartitum</b>, Fr. P. 7-10 cm. viscid, even, glabrous, pale +yellowish; g. broad, white; s. 7-10 cm. white, striate, glabrous; sp. +5-6 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>T. portentosum</i> in p. not being virgate, and from +<i>T. fucatum</i> in glabrous striate stem.</p> + +<p><b>resplendens</b>, Fr. White. P. 5-9 cm. expanded, viscid, even, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[Pg 18]</a></span>glabrous, shining when dry, margin straight; g. very emarginate; +s. 5-7 cm., solid, apex flocculose; sp. 7-8 × 4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>T. spermaticum</i> in solid stem.</p> + +<p><b>spermaticum</b>, Fr. White. P. 5-8 cm. expanded, viscid, wavy, +glabrous, shining when dry, margin at first incurved; g. margin +eroded; s. 5-9 cm. twisted; sp. ——.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills becoming discoloured, usually spotted with +brownish-red.</i></div> + +<p><b>colossus</b>, Fr. P. 12-20 cm. expanded, margin at first incurved, +dull red or reddish umber, glabrous then squamulose, flesh very +thick, reddish when broken; g. broad, reddish; s. 7-10 cm. stout, +apex constricted, solid, reddish; sp. 6 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>aurata</b>, Fr. P. exp. obtuse, even, yellow then rufescent; g. +yellow; s. solid, fibrillose, yellow.</p> + +<p><b>nictitans</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. exp. obtuse, even, glabrous, viscid, +yellowish; g. yellow; s. 7-8 cm. solid, yellow, apex squamulose; sp. +7-8 × 5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>T. flavobrunneum</i> in squamulose apex of stem.</p> + +<p><b>fulvellum</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. exp. viscid, even, yellowish tan disc +darker and wrinkled; g. white then tinged rufescent; s. 4-6 cm. +fibrillose, apex naked, white tinged rufous; sp. subgl. 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>flavobrunneum</b>, Fr. P. 7-14 cm. soon exp. viscid, bay, virgate-squamulose, +flesh yellow then tinged rufous; g. pale yellow; s. +7-12 cm. ventricose, hollow, brownish, flesh yellow, viscid at first; +sp. 6-7 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>albobrunneum</b>, Fr. P. 6-8 cm. obtuse, viscid, brown, streaked +with fibrils, disc papillose; g. broad, whitish; s. 3-5 cm. equal, +rufescent, solid, flesh white; sp. 4-6 × 3-5.</p> + +<p><b>irregulare</b>, Karst. P. convex then exp. very irreg. rather viscid, +fibrillosely virgate, pale, tinged tawny rufous; g. white then reddish +or spotted; s. equal, curved, white, apex flocculose. Smell strong.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>T. albobrunneum</i> in paler, irreg. p. and smell.</p> + +<p>[<b>Salero</b>, Barla. Smell strong, mealy. P. exp. obtuse, even, viscid +when moist, satiny when dry, chestnut; g. white then reddish; s. +cylindrical, white and squamulose at apex, fibrillose and reddish at +middle; flesh white, reddish when broken, very bitter.</p> + +<p><b>ustale</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. exp. umb. then nearly plane, even, +glabrous, disc rugulose bay; g. white tinged brown later, decur. +tooth; s. 5-8 cm. equal, somewhat rooting, apex naked, whitish; sp. +7-8 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>pessundatum</b>, Fr. P. 7-9 cm. obtuse, wavy, glabrous, viscid, +bay or rufescent, granular or spotted; g. almost free, white then +tinged rufous; s. 5-8 cm. white, floccosely squamulose; sp. 5 × 2.5.</p> + +<p><b>stans</b>, Fr. P. 7-10 cm. exp. viscid, rufescent, even, flesh red +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[Pg 19]</a></span>under cuticle; g. crowded, spotted reddish; s. 5-8 cm. whitish, +squamulose; sp. 5-6 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>russula</b>, Schaeff. P. 6-8 cm. exp. viscid, rosy red, granulated; +g. subdecurrent; s. 3-5 cm. rosy, apex squamulose; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>frumentaceum</b>, Bull. P. 5-10 cm. exp. viscid, glabrous, pallid, +streaked or stained reddish; g. crowded; s. 5-8 cm. solid, fibrillose, +white, variegated red; sp. 5 × 3.5.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">II. <span class="smcap">Genuina</span>. <i>Pellicle not viscid, torn into scales, or +fibrillose.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Gills not changing colour, neither spotted with rufous +nor black.</i></div> + +<p><b>rutilans</b>, Schaeff. P. 6-14 cm. exp. coated with purplish down, +flesh yellow; g. yellow, edge downy, orange; s. 5-8 cm. yellow with +purple squamules; sp. subgl. 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>variegatum</b>, Scop. P. 5-10 cm. exp. yellow with purplish squamules; +g. pale yellow, edge entire not darker coloured; s. 5-8 cm. +pale yellow, more or less variegated with red; sp. 5-7 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>T. rutilans</i> in edge of gills.</p> + +<p>[<b>albofimbriatum</b>, Trog. P. exp. obtusely umb. fibrillose, scaly +towards edge, brownish; g. sinuate, closely crowded, yellow then +rufescent, edge white-fimbriate; s. yellow-rufescent.</p> + +<p>[<b>aestuans</b>, Fr. P. conico-exp. umb. with fugacious longitudinal +fibrils, yellow-rufescent; g. very broad, yellow then pallid; s. equal, +glabrous, striate.</p> + +<p><b>centurio</b>, Kalchb. P. campan. strongly umb. edge incurved then +spreading and wavy, fuscous then livid; g. deeply emarginate, almost +free, pallid; s. ventricose, stout, white.</p> + +<p><b>luridum</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. exp. rather wavy, dry, glabrous, then +torn into livid squamules, yellowish-grey; g. broad, crowded; s. +5-8 cm. glabrous, white; sp. 5-6 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>T. saponaceum</i> in persistently white flesh.</p> + +<p><b>guttatum</b>, Schaeff. P. 5-12 cm. exp. cinnamon or with a pink +tinge, dry, granulose or floccose, margin remotely sulcate; g. with +decurrent line down stem, crowded; s. 5-8 cm., white, mealy; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>T. tigrinum</i> in white gills and sulcate margin of +pileus.</p> + +<p>[<b>goniospermum</b>, Bres. P. fleshy, compact, hemispher. tinged +fuscous or livid yellowish; g. much crowded, smoky-grey or lilac +then yellowish; s. solid, whitish or lilac above, base brownish; sp. +more or less cruciform rarely subtriangular, 8-10 × 5-7.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[Pg 20]</a></span></p><p>[<b>psammopodium</b>, Kalchb. P. obtuse or subumb. dry, with +scattered fibrillose squamules, dusky cinnamon then tawny; g. +yellowish; s. ventricose, colour of p. with darker squamules downwards.</p> + +<p>[<b>impolitum</b>, Lasch. P. exp. flocculose, then broken into scales +and subdepr.; g. crowded; s. solid, fibrillose, floccosely scaly above.</p> + +<p><b>columbetta</b>, Fr. White, here and there spotted with red. P. +5-10 cm. dry, glabrous then fibrillose; g. subserrulate; s. 6-10 cm. +stout, solid, striate; sp. 6-7 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>scalpturatum</b>, Fr. P. 5-8 cm. conical then exp. dingy, tomentose +then broken up into rufous or umber scales; g. white then +yellowish; s. 5-9 cm. whitish, fibrillose; sp. 6-7 × 3.5.</p> + +<p>var. <i>argyraceum</i>, Bull. Slender; p. silvery grey.</p> + +<p>var. <i>chrysites</i>, Jungh. Pale, p. and g. becoming yellowish.</p> + +<p>var. <i>virescens</i>, Wharton. Yellow-green when bruised.</p> + +<p>These are forms rather than varieties.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills rufous or greyish; edge usually spotted with +rufous or black.</i></div> + +<p><b>imbricatum</b>, Fr. P. 8-12 cm. exp. obtuse, dry, rufous umber, +innately squamulose, margin involute and downy at first; g. sinuate, +crowded; s. 8-12 cm. solid, paler than p. apex white-pulverulent; +sp. 6 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>vaccinum</b>, Fr. P. 7-12 cm. exp. umb. dry, rufous, squamulose, +margin at first involute and downy; g. almost adnate; s. 7-10 cm. +hollow, fibrillose, brownish; sp. subg. 6-7.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>T. imbricatum</i> in hollow stem and reddish flesh.</p> + +<p>[<b>polyphyllum</b>, D. C. P. obtuse, irreg. with adpressed fibrillose +scales; rufous umber; g. white then tinged red; s. solid, white, +squamulose, apex striate.</p> + +<p><b>immundum</b>, Berk. P. 5-9 cm. greyish, silky-squamulose, stained, +margin incurved; g. greyish pink, separating readily from flesh; s. +4-6 cm. greyish, fibrillose; sp. subg. 4-5. Every part blackish +when bruised.</p> + +<p><b>inodermeum</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. acute then umb. rufous brown, +fibrillose and with radiating scales; g. free, ventricose, white, spotted +red when bruised; s. 7-8 cm. fibrous, white with rufous tinge, apex +powdered white; s. 7-8 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>furvum</b>, Fr. P. campan.-exp. wavy, dry, brownish, fibrillosely +striate; g. entire, white then greyish; s. solid, fibrillose.</p> + +<p>[<b>unguentatum</b>, Fr. P. exp. umb. grey, viscid, floccosely-squamulose; +g. very broad, crowded, whitish; s. white, solid, fibrillose.</p> + +<p>[<b>gausapatum</b>, Fr. P. bullate, obtuse, wavy, covered with dense +superficial fibrils, edge at first incurved and with white wool; g. +adnate, grey; s. solid, white, fibrillose.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[Pg 21]</a></span></p><p><b>terreum</b>, Schaeff. P. 5-8 cm. exp. umb. bluish grey with minute +squamules; g. greyish, sinuate; s. whitish, fibrillose; sp. subgl. 5-6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>orirubens</i>, Q. Edge of g. reddish.</p> + +<p>var. <i>atrosquamosum</i>, Chev. P. grey with small black scales, g. +whitish.</p> + +<p>var. <i>argyraceum</i>, Bull. Entirely pure white, or p. greyish.</p> + +<p>var. <i>chrysites</i>, Jungh. P. tinged yellowish or greenish.</p> + +<p>[<b>squarrulosum</b>, Bres. P. convex then exp. umb. dry, fuscous +then lurid tan, centre black, with black squamules, edge fibrillose, +exceeding gills; g. broad, crowded, whitish grey, reddish when +bruised; s. colour of p. punctato-squamulose; sp. 7-9 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>triste</b>, Fr. P. conic then exp. umb. fuscous, fibrillosely scaly; +g. white then greyish; s. fistulose, slender, floccose.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">III. <span class="smcap">Rigida</span>. <i>Pellicle rigid, punctato-granulate, or +broken up into glabrous fragments when dry.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Gills white or pallid, not rufous or grey spotted.</i></div> + +<p><b>macrorhizum</b>, Lasch. Smell strong. P. 10-20 cm. exp. ochraceous, +darker and cracked when old; g. almost free; s. 5-10 cm. +stout, ochraceous, rooting, solid, ventricose; sp. subgl. 5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>compactum</b>, Fr. P. soon plane, even, dry, glabrous, livid grey, +compact; g. yellow; s. solid, white.</p> + +<p><b>saponaceum</b>, Fr. Smell strong. P. exp. obtuse, dry, livid, tinged +olive, glabrous then often squamulose or punctate, flesh reddish; g. +pallid with greenish tinge; s. 5-10 cm. whitish, somewhat rooting; +sp. 5 × 4.</p> + +<p>var. <i>atrovirens</i>, P. thin, wavy, obscure green with crowded black +squamules.</p> + +<p>[<b>Boudieri</b>, Barla. P. exp. even, dry, satiny maroon or vinous with +coppery tint, then sooty brown with deeper granules at centre; g. +tinged green then ochre; s. subcylindrical, rather unequal, fibrillose, +whitish tinged red, then brownish-fawn; flesh white then reddish.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>Trich. saponaceum</i> in the copper coloured p.</p> + +<p>[<b>miculatum</b>, Fr. P. exp. obtuse, glabrous, granulated then +cracked, umber; g. subadnate; s. solid, fibrillosely floccose.</p> + +<p><b>cartilagineum</b>, Bull. P. 5-9 cm. soon exp. and wavy, +margin persistently incurved, blackish, then broken up into small +black spots; g. crowded then greyish; s. 3-5 cm. glabrous, pure +white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>tenuiceps</b>, Cke. and Mass. P. 5-8 cm., flesh very thin, obtuse, +dry, granular, dusky brown; g. narrowed in front, white; st. 5-8 cm. +ochraceous white, everywhere granular, base abrupt with cord-like +mycelium; sp. subgl. 6-7.</p> + +<p><b>loricatum</b>, Fr. Smell strong. P. 2-5 cm. tough, convex, wavy, +rather viscid, brown, cuticle thick, tough, separable; g. almost free, +pallid; s. 5-7 cm. tough, often twisted, brownish red; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>atrocinereum</b>, Pers. P. 3-5 cm. soon plane, grey, prominent +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[Pg 22]</a></span>disc darker, often cracked; g. crowded, hyaline; s. 5-7 cm. cylindrical, +stuffed, glabrous, apex naked, whitish; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>cuneifolium</b>, Fr. Smell strong. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. soon plane, dry, +brown, glabrous then squamulose; g. crowded, white, broad and +obliquely truncate in front; s. 2.5 cm. hollow, narrowed at base, +pallid, apex mealy; sp. subgl. 3-5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>T. atrocinereum</i> in hollow stem.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills discoloured, with rufous or grey, spotted.</i></div> + +<p><b>crassifolium</b>, Berk. Smell strong. P. 5-10 cm. exp. wavy, +flesh thin, umb. ochraceous, disc darker; g. nearly free, becoming +yellowish, thick; s. solid, paler than p., pruinose; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>geminum</b>, Fr. Stout, compact. P. obtuse, rufous cinnamon, +velvety then rimose; g. crowded; s. solid, floccose.</p> + +<p><b>sudum</b>, Fr. P. 6-9 cm. soon plane, dry, greyish brown, glabrous, +disc often squamulose; g. deeply emarginate, white then tinged +rufous; s. 6-8 cm. solid, pallid, fibrillosely-squamulose, striate; sp. +6-7 × 3.5.</p> + +<p><b>tumidum</b>, P. Smell slight. P. 6-8 cm. bullate, deformed then +exp. and wavy, livid grey, spotted, somewhat shining, cracking; +g. white then grey with rufous tinge; s. 7-9 cm. stout, tumid, striate, +white, rooting; sp. 6 × 4.</p> + +<p>var. <i>Keithii</i>, Phil. and Plowr. P. rufous grey; s. dingy white, +tinged red near base.</p> + +<p><b>murinaceum</b>, Bull. Smell strong. P. 5-10 cm. exp. sometimes +subumb. grey, silky, cracking into squamules; g. deeply sinuate, broad, +grey; s. grey with darker squamules; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>bisontinum</b>, Roll. P. pulvinate, cuticle thick, brown with greenish +tinge, virgate with minute adpr. fibrils; g. thick, grey, with flat, +transverse, more or less branched veins; s. solid, narrowed below, +fibrillosely striate, with minute dark granules above, pale; 10-12 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>hordum</b>, F. P. exp. subumb. grey, dry, glabrous then breaking +up into squarrose scales; g. rather distant, becoming greyish; s. 6-8 +cm. whitish, glabrous; sp.</p> + +<p><b>virgatum</b>, Fr. P. rigid, 5-9 cm. exp. umb. very dry, greyish, +virgate with radiating blackish lines; umb. often broken up into +squamules; g. broadly emarginate, becoming greyish, crowded; s. +7-9 cm. striate, glabrous, whitish; sp. 6-8 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>The only dry sp. with a virgate pileus.</p> + +<p>[<b>dissultans</b>, Karst. P. fragile, thin, convexo-plane, acutely umb. +very dry, hoary with dense subreticulately interwoven superficial +fibrils, grey; g. hoary; s. hollow, equal, white, loosely fibrillose, apex +pruinose; sp. 5-6 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>elytroides</b>, Scop. P. exp. obt. scabrid, disc floccosely scurfy, +grey; g. broad, grey; s. with dense fibrils directed upwards.</p> + +<p>[<b>opicum</b>, Fr. P. umb. even, soon squamulose, greyish as is also +the flesh; g. arcuato-adfixed, hoary; s. stuffed, equal, almost glabrous.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[Pg 23]</a></span></p> +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">IV. <span class="smcap">Sericella</span>. <i>Pileus at first silky, soon glabrous, +quite dry.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Gills broad, thickish, rather distant.</i></div> + +<p><b>sulphureum</b>, Fr. Strong smelling. Entirely sulphur yellow or +p. tinged rufous. P. 3-8 cm. subumb. silky, even; g. distant; s. 5-10 +cm. striate, same colour inside; sp. 9-10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>bufonium</b>, Pers. P. 3-7 cm. soon plane, subumb. silky, soon +glabrous, rugulose, opaque, purplish brown, umber, or tan; g. +yellowish-tan then pallid; s. 5-7 cm. flocculose, coloured like p.; sp. +subgl. 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>lascivum</b>, Fr. Smell strong. P. 4-5 cm. exp. and subdepressed, +even, silky then glabrous, tan colour then pallid; g. arcuately +adnexed, crowded, white; s. 4-6 cm. solid, rigid, tomentose, whitish, +apex mealy, rooting; sp. 8-10 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>var. <i>robustum</i>, Cke. Robust. P. whitish, silky; smell weak or +none.</p> + +<p><b>interveniens</b>, Karst. P. convexo-plane, depr. silky then glabrous, +rugulose near edge, tan then pale; g. arcuato-adnex. crowded, +pallid; s. solid, equal, rooting, fibrillose, pallid; sp. 6-7 × 2-2.5.</p> + +<p><b>inamoenum</b>, Fr. Foetid. White. P. 2-4 cm. exp. umb. silky +then glabrous, even; g. arcuato-adnexed, crowded; s. 7-10 cm. +equal, solid, rooting; sp. 9-10 × 6-7.</p> + +<p>The only white, foetid <i>Tricholoma</i>.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills thin, crowded, narrow.</i></div> + +<p><b>cerinum</b>, Pers. P. 2-4 cm. exp. obtuse or depressed, even, dry, +almost glabrous, wax-yellow or brown; g. crowded, yellow; s. 2-3 +cm. stuffed, fibrillosely striate, yellowish, base darker; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>chrysenterum</b>, Bull. Entirely yellowish outside and inside. +P. fleshy, convexo-plane, obsoletely umb. silky then almost glabrous; +g. free, crowded, narrow; s. solid, base with white wool.</p> + +<p>[<b>stiparophyllum</b>, Fr. Smell strong. P. exp. silky then glabrous, +yellowish white; g. crowded, white; s. hollow, white, glabrous, apex +mealy.</p> + +<p>[<b>cerinum</b>, Pers. P. exp. depr. almost glabrous, waxy yellow or +fuscescent; g. crowded, yellow; s. stuffed, fibrillosely striate, base +glabrous, often brownish.</p> + +<p>[<b>onychinum</b>, Fr. P. exp. subumb. dingy purple or brown, margin +silky; g. yellow, crowded; s. pallid, apex reddish.</p> + +<p><b>ionides</b>, Bull. P. 2-4 cm. soon plane, umb. even, dingy violet +then pale; g. crowded, white, edge irreg.; s. 3-4 cm. elastic, fibrillose, +coloured like p.; sp. 6-7 × 3.5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>T. humile</i> and <i>T. sordidum</i> in white gills.</p> + +<p>var. <i>parvum</i>, Lasch. P. reddish brown.</p> + +<p>var. <i>persicolor</i>, Fr. P. convexo-plane, peach-colour, then pale; +g. sinuate, white; s. paler than p.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[Pg 24]</a></span></p><p><b>carneum</b>, Bull. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. fragile, exp. obtuse, glabrous, +persistently reddish flesh colour; gills pure white; s. 2-2.5 cm. +coloured like pileus, not fading; sp. 3 × 2.</p> + +<p>[<b>carneolum</b>, Fr. Small. P. plano-depr. obtuse, even, flesh-red +then pale; g. closely crowded, very broad behind, shining white.</p> + +<p><b>caelatum</b>, Fr. P. 2-2.5 cm. persistently umbilicate glabrous, +brown then greyish, becoming cracked; g. crowded; s. 2.5 cm. +glabrous, brown; sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +</li></ol></li></ol></li><li><div class="key">B. <i>Pileus even, glabrous, neither villose, scaly nor +viscid.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">V. <span class="smcap">Guttata</span>. <i>Pileus fleshy, soft, fragile, with drop-like +markings; stem solid.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Gills not discoloured.</i></div> + +<p><b>gambosum</b>, Fr. P. 6-12 cm. flesh thick, exp. and wavy, glabrous, +spotted, pallid tan, margin incurved and downy at first; g. crowded, +ventricose; s. 5-7 cm. stout, flocculose at apex, white; sp. +13-14 × 8-9. Edible.</p> + +<p>[<b>Georgii</b>, Clus. P. exp. rather wavy, dry, flocculosely soft, ochraceous, +edge even, naked, ochraceous; g. linear, transversely striate, +whitish; s. solid, stout, fibrillose. Edible.</p> + +<p><b>albellum</b>, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. conical then exp. gibbous, whitish, +pallid, greyish when dry, mottled with spots, margin naked; g. +crowded, broadest in front; s. 3-5 cm. fibrillosely striate, solid, +white; sp. 6-7 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>boreale</b>, Fr. P. 4-6 cm. irreg. subumb. glabrous, rivulose when +dry, margin even, naked, flesh-colour becoming pale; g. crowded; +s. 5-8 cm. solid, elastic, base narrowed, whitish; sp. subg. 4-5.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills discoloured, rufescent or smoky.</i></div> + +<p><b>amethystinum</b>, Scop. P. 3-5 cm. exp. wavy, glabrous, livid +and spotted with bluish patches; g. crowded, white then rufescent; +s. 3-5 cm. solid, narrowed at base, paler than p.; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>graveolens</b>, Fr. P. compact, obt. glabrous, margin even, rivulose +when dry, dusky brown; g. white then fuliginous; s. solid, firm, +fibrillose.</p> + +<p><b>tigrinum</b>, Schaeff. P. 3-5 cm. exp. often wavy, glabrous, margin +invol. pale brown or greyish with brown spots; g. crowded, narrow, +white then greyish; s. 2-3 cm. and nearly as thick, solid, white, +pruinose; sp. subgl. 8.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>T. guttatum</i> in glabrous pileus with an even margin.</p> + +<p>[<b>leucophaeatum</b>, Karst. (= <i>Coll. leucophaeatus</i>, Fr.). P. convexo-plane, +broadly and obtusely umb. pallid grey; with thin hoary +tomentum; g. crowded, whitish then dingy, broadest behind; s. +equal, often curved, pallid, base strigose; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[Pg 25]</a></span></p><p><b>pes-caprae</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. conical then exp. umb. unequal, +greyish brown, glabrous; g. broad, greyish white; s. 6-7 cm. naked, +white; sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p>var. <i>multiforme</i>, Schaeff. P. irreg., caespitose, smaller than +type.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">VI. <span class="smcap">Spongiosa</span>. <i>Pileus compact then spongy, obtuse, +even, glabrous, not hygrophanous.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Gills not discoloured.</i></div> + +<p><b>Schumacheri</b>, Fr. P. 6-7 cm. exp. obtuse, livid grey, even, +moist, edge beyond gills incurved; g. narrow, crowded, pure white; +s. 6-8 cm. white, solid, fibrillosely-striate; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>amicus</b>, Fr. P. fuscous; g. distant, white; s. bulbous, solid, +white.</p> + +<p><b>patulum</b>, Fr. P. 5-8 cm. plane, obtuse, wavy, even, glabrous, +pale grey or pallid; g. sides veined, pallid; s. elastic, equal, glabrous, +5-8 cm.; sp. 7-8 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>circumtectum</b>, Cke. and Mass. P. 5-8 cm. dry, obt. or subumb. +wavy, margin incurved, downy, greenish olive then tan; g. white; s. +3-4 cm. whitish, striate, base pointed; sp. subgl. 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>maluvium</b>, Fr. P. campan.-convex, obtuse, glabrous, greenish; +g. rounded, crowded, pallid; s. solid, firm, elastic.</p> + +<p>[<b>conglobatum</b>, Vit. Densely clustered. P. unequal, even, edge +thin, inflexed, somewhat pruinose, blackish fuscous; g. free; s. stems +solid, ventricose, subtomentose, springing densely from a common +tuber.</p> + +<p><b>arcuatum</b>, Bull. P. 5-8 cm. brownish white then tan, exp. margin +incurved, glabrous, flesh-coloured; g. arcuate, crowded, white; s. +4-6 cm. solid, fibrilloso-squamulose, pale brown, base darker, bulbous; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>T. panaeolum</i> in having white gills, and from +<i>T. melaleucum</i> in having coloured flesh.</p> + +<p>var. <i>cognatum</i>, Bull. Larger. Gilvous outside and inside or +dingy tan; p. obtuse, discoid; g. tan.</p> + +<p><i>oreinum</i>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. soon plane, obtuse, glabrous, fuscous, +even; g. rounded, free, white; s. solid, short, 2-3 cm. whitish, apex +white squamulose; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Separated from <i>T. humile</i> by the gills projecting beyond the +margin of pileus.</p> + +<p><b>album</b>, Schaeff. Entirely white, taste acrid. P. 6-9 cm. convex +then depr. even, glabrous, dry, disc sometimes tinged yellow; g. +rather crowded; s. 6-8 cm. narrowed upwards, solid, elastic; sp. +5-6 × 3.</p> + +<p>var. <i>caesariatum</i>, Fr. P. white or yellowish, exp. fibrillosely +silky, then glabrous; s. slender, fragile, apex rather mealy; g. nearly +free.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[Pg 26]</a></span></p><p>[<b>lentum</b>, Post. Entirely white not becoming spotted. P. convex, +unpolished and at first rather velvety, disc tinged pallid when old; +g. sinuate or subdecurr.; s. base narrowed, apex usually longitudinally +costate; sp. 7.5-10 × 4.5-7.</p> + +<p>[<b>raphanicum</b>, Karst. Smell very strong, like radishes. P. convex, +often gibbous, white, disc tinged tan; g. white; s. rooting, flocculose +above; sp. glob. 3-4.</p> + +<p><b>leucocephalum</b>, Fr. Pure white, smell mealy. P. 3-4 cm. +plane, even, moist, glabrous after silky veil has gone; g. crowded; +s. 5-6 cm. hollow, smooth, cartilaginous, tough, rooting; sp. 9-10 +× 7-8.</p> + +<p><i>T. album</i> differs in having no smell, and <i>T. inamoenum</i> in strong +disagreeable smell and very broad gills.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills discoloured.</i></div> + +<p><b>acerbum</b>, Bull. P. 7-10 cm. expanded, margin at first involute, +sulcate and rugulose, viscid, whitish then tinged rufous; g. narrow +rufescent; s. 5-8 cm. pale, apex squamulose; sp. subg. 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>militare</b>, Lasch. Smell and taste unpleasant. P. 8-15 cm. +convex, gibbous, margin even, viscid, cinnamon; g. white, torn, then +spotted; s. 7-11 cm. solid, squamulose, pallid, base subbulbous; sp. +——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>T. civile</i> in strong smell and spotted gills.</p> + +<p><b>civile</b>, Fr. P. 6-8 cm. soft, soon exp. glabrous, moist, pale +yellow brown, cuticle separable; g. crowded, white then yellowish; +s. 5-8 cm. solid, soft, fragile, fibrillosely squamulose, whitish; sp. +——.</p> + +<p><b>duracinum</b>, Cke. P. 5-8 cm. convex, gibbous, even, dry, +shining, grey with olive tinge; g. arcuate, grey; s. 4-6 cm. reticulately +squamulose above, striate below, greyish white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>irinum</b>, Fr. P. spongy-compact, convex then plane, moist, +obsoletely innately virgate, flesh-colour then pale, edge even, pruinose; +crowded, narrow, quite entire, greyish then lurid; s. solid, subbulbous, +reticulately fibrillose.</p> + +<p><b>personatum</b>, Fr. P. 6-10 cm. regular, obtuse, even, glabrous, +margin invol. and downy, tan or with a lilac tinge; g. rounded-free, +crowded, broad, violet then dingy; s. 5-7 cm. solid, stout, dingy +purple, villose; sp. 8-10 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>Flesh of stem white. In <i>T. nudum</i> tinted violet.</p> + +<p><b>saevum</b>, Gillet. P. 6-9 cm. convex then plane, buff, margin +naked, flesh thick; g. crowded, narrow, pallid; s. 2-3 cm. long, +2 cm. or more thick, purple, slightly squamulose; sp. 7 × 5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>T. personatum</i> in the short, stout, squamulose stem, +and absence of purple tint on gills.</p> + +<p>[<b>glaucocanum</b>, Bres. P. rather soft, convex, exp. glabrous, edge +involute subflocculosely pruinose, glaucous-grey; g. closely crowded, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[Pg 27]</a></span>greyish violet, easily separating; s. solid, fibrillosely striate, apex +subsquamulose, base bulbous, colour of p.; sp. 6 × 3.</p> + +<p><b>nudum</b>, Bull. Whole fungus violet at first. P. 5-8 cm. soon +exp. often wavy, flesh thin; g. narrow, becoming rufescent; s. 5-8 +cm. equal, elastic, rather mealy; sp. 7 × 3.5.</p> + +<p>Flesh of stem tinted violet. In <i>T. personatum</i> white.</p> + +<p>[<b>violaceonitens</b>, Bagl. P. convex, umb. dusky violet, shining, +edge wavy, rugulosely sulcate; g. crowded, dingy white; s. solid, +stout, base narrowed, colour of p.</p> + +<p><b>cinerascens</b>, Bull. P. 5-8 cm. convex, even, glabrous, white +then greyish; g. dingy, easily separating from flesh; s. 4-6 cm. solid, +equal, glabrous; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>panaeolum</b>, Fr. P. 6-8 cm. convex then almost plane, dusky +grey with a grey bloom, often spotted; g. grey with rufous tinge; +s. 3-5 cm. solid, fibrous-striate, greyish; sp. subgl. 5-6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>calceolum</i>, Sterb. P. spongy, deformed, thin, soft, exp. edge +incurved, sooty-grey or reddish-grey; g. smoky; s. excentric, fusiform, +very short.</p> + +<p><b>cnista</b>, Fr. P. 5-8 cm. exp. moist, glabrous, pale tan or whitish, +margin incurved, naked, even; g. white, veined, reddish when bruised; +s. 3-5 cm. solid, glabrous, white; sp. 9-10 × 4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>T. panaeolum</i> in p. not becoming grey.</p> + +<p><b>fallax</b>, Peck. P. 2-3 cm. soon plane, yellow, disc darker, even; +g. becoming yellowish; s. 2.5 cm. yellow, hollow; sp. 4-5 × 3.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">VII. <span class="smcap">Hygrophana</span>. <i>Pileus thin, subumbonate, +hygrophanous.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Gills whitish, not spotted.</i></div> + +<p><b>melaleucum</b>, Pers. P. 3-7 cm. convex then plane, umb. blackish +then paler, glabrous; g. emarginate adnexed, white; s. 5-8 cm. +equal, elastic, whitish with dark fibrils; sp. 10 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><i>Coll. stridula</i> much resembles this sp. but has a brownish stem. +<i>T. arcuatum</i> has flesh tinged brown. <i>T. oreinum</i> has apex of stem +squamulose.</p> + +<p>var. <i>adstringens</i>, Pers. P. exp. pitch black and rather shining +when dry; g. tinged pink; s. naked.</p> + +<p>var. <i>polioleucum</i>, Fr. P. obtusely umb. livid then grey; s. apex +white-pruinose.</p> + +<p>var. <i>porphyroleucum</i>, Bull. P. fleshy, umbo disappearing, sooty or +fuscous-rufescent; s. solid, subfibrillose; g. white.</p> + +<p>[<b>microcephalum</b>, Karst. P. 2-3 cm. convexo-plane, livid-sooty +then pale; g. much crowded, soft, white; s. tall, 9-12 cm. splitting +easily into fibres, pallid, glabrous; sp. subg. 5-6 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>turritum</b>, Fr. P. conico-exp. umb. moist, obscure purple, somewhat +spotted; g. soon free, white; s. stuffed then hollow, white with +dusky fibrils.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[Pg 28]</a></span></p><p><b>grammopodium</b>, Bull. P. 7-12 cm. camp. conv. then depr. +umb. glabrous, ruddy then pallid; g. arcuato-adnate, crowded; s. +7-10 cm. stuffed, coarsely striate, glabrous, pallid; sp. 7-8 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>strictipes</b>, Karst. P. soft, gibbous, plane or depr. white or +yellowish-white, centre often tinged; g. closely crowded, shining +white, entire; s. solid, equal, cylindrical, base usually thickened, +straight, white, glabrous; sp. 6-9 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>brevipes</b>, Bull. P. 3-6 cm. brown then pale, glabrous, convex +then plane; g. crowded, tinged fuscous then pale; s. 2-2.5 cm. solid, +rigid, brown outside and inside; sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>humile</b>, Pers. P. 5-8 cm. umb. then convex or depressed, even, +glabrous; g. crowded, ventricose; s. 3-5, greyish white, villosely +pulverulent, stuffed; sp. 7-8 × 5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>T. brevipes</i> in pale stem and tufted habit.</p> + +<p><b>exsiccum</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. exp. then umb. greyish brown then +hoary; g. crowded, narrow, pure white; s. 2-3 cm. solid, glabrous, +rather shining; sp. 6-7 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>subpulverulentum</b>, Pers. P. 2-3 cm. greyish white, pulverulent, +convex then depr. even, extreme edge persistently incurved; +g. crowded, narrow, white; s. 3-4 cm. solid, whitish, slightly striate; +sp. 5 × 3.</p> + +<p>[<b>persicinum</b>, Fr. P. obtuse, even, glabrous, flesh-colour then +pale; s. cartilaginous, glabrous; g. arcuate, white.</p> + +<p>[<b>Juranum</b>, Q. Obtuse, rufous then pale, white-floccose, margin +crenulate, mealy; g. white, crowded; s. solid, white, apex mealy.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills violet, grey or smoky.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>urbum</b>, Fr. P. campan.-exp. brownish black with bluish tinge, +subumb., margin straight; g. densely crowded, like flesh, bluish white; +s. incurved, fibrillose, bulbous.</p> + +<p><b>sordidum</b>, Fr. P. 2.5-7 cm. plano-depr. subumb. glabrous, +brownish lilac then dusky; g. rounded, dingy violet then dusky; +s. 4-5 cm. coloured like p. fibrillosely striate, slightly curved as a +rule; sp. 7-8 × 3-4, minutely rugulose.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>T. nudum</i> in being smaller, tougher, and hygrophanous.</p> + +<p>var. <i>Feuilleauboisii</i>, Lucand and Quel. The broadly gibbous p. +and s. dark umber; g. deep violet.</p> + +<p><b>paedidum</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. soon depr. round conical umbo, +smoky grey, somewhat streaked; g. crowded, adnexed, narrow, white +then greyish; s. 2-3 cm. dingy grey, slightly striate base thickened; +sp. 10-11 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>T. sordidum</i> in having no trace of violet colour; +<i>T. lixivium</i> differs in the free truncate gills.</p> + +<p><b>lixivium</b>, Fr. P. 5-8 cm. greyish brown, soon plane and umb. +margin expanded, membranaceous, striate; g. truncato-free, grey; +s. 5-6 cm. grey, whitish floccose, often flexuous; sp. 7 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[Pg 29]</a></span></p><p>[<b>rasile</b>, Fr. Soft. P. campan.-exp. umb. fibroso-virgate, undulate, +fuliginous; g. connected by veins, greyish-umber, edge white floccose; +s. equal, fibrillose.</p> + +<p>[<b>favillarum</b>, Fr. P. exp. depr. round umbo, even, glabrous, +moist, edge spreading, even, whitish when dry; g. closely crowded, +greyish.</p> + +<p><b>putidum</b>, Fr. Smell strong, rancid. P. 2-3 cm. umb. even, +soft, olive grey, hoary when dry; g. adnexed, crowded, grey; s. 2-3 +cm. greyish, pruinose; sp. 8-10 × 3-5.</p> + +<p><i>Coll. rancida</i> differs in glabrous, rooting stem.</p> + +<p>[<b>hospitans</b>, Fr. Shining white, campan. obtuse, even, edge +straight, adpressed to stem at first; g. free, very ventricose; s. solid, +fibrous, glabrous, apex pruinose.</p> + +<p>Resembling a <i>Mycena</i> but s. solid and fibrous.</p> +</li></ol></li></ol></li></ol> + +<h3>RUSSULA, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">I. <span class="smcap">Taste mild.</span></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Gills ochraceous</i> (not clear yellow).</div> + +<p><b>alutacea</b>, Fr. P. 4-10 cm. viscid, exp. depr. red, dark purple, +disc becoming pale, at length striate and tuberculose at margin, flesh +white; g. broad, rather distant, ochre, naked; s. 4-5 cm. white or +tinged red; sp. 7-9.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. integra</i> in gills not being powdery.</p> + +<p><b>integra</b>, Fr. P. 8-12 cm. viscid, exp. depr. red or greenish, +margin at length sulcate and tuberculose, flesh white; g. broad, +yellow, powdered with the ochre spores; s. 4-5 cm. even, ventricose, +white; sp. 9-10.</p> + +<p>var. <i>alba</i>, Cke. Whole fungus except gills creamy white.</p> + +<p><b>xerampelina</b>, Fr. P. 7-10 cm. compact, exp. then depr., dry, +rosy purple sometimes tinged olive, disc paler, cracked into granules, +flesh tinged yellow; g. forked, white then ochre; s. 4-7 cm. clavate, +white, more or less tinged red; sp. 8-10 × 6-7.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. integra</i> by narrow gills not powdered with the +spores.</p> + +<p><b>nauseosa</b>, Fr. Smell strong. P. 3-4 cm. viscid, plane then +depr., purple or lilac, disc darker, coarsely striate; g. rather distant, +ochre; s. 2-3 cm. slightly striate, white; sp. 8-9.</p> + +<p><i>R. nitida</i> differs in the yellow, shining gills.</p> + +<p>var. <i>flavida</i>, Cke. P. primrose yellow.</p> + +<p><b>vitellina</b>, Fr. Strong scented. P. 2-3 cm. soon plane, yellow, +edge tuberculose, striate; g. saffron ochre; s. 2-3 cm. slender, white; +sp. 7-8.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. lutea</i> in strong smell and tuberculose margin.</p> + +<p>var. <i>major</i>, Cke. Similar to type, but larger.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[Pg 30]</a></span></p><p><b>lilacea</b>, Q. P. 4-7 cm. exp. depr., viscid, violet becoming pallid; +g. white, broad; s. 4-6 cm. fragile, white or base tinted rose; +sp. 7-8.</p> + +<p><b>ochracea</b>, Fr. Every part inside and outside ochraceous. P. +5-7 cm. viscid, coarsely striate; g. broad; s. 2-3 cm. wrinkled; +sp. 10-12.</p> + +<p><i>R. fellea</i> differs in bitter taste.</p> + +<p><b>lutea</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. plano-depr. viscid, yellow becoming pale; +g. connected by veins, egg-yellow; s. 2-3 cm. even, white; sp. +8-10 × 7-8.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. vitellina</i> by even margin of p. and absence of +smell.</p> + +<p><b>elegans</b>, Bresad. P. 4-7 cm. convex then depr., tuberculose and +striate with age, rosy, yellowish towards margin, densely granular +everywhere; g. ochraceous orange; s. 3-5 cm. white; sp. 8-10.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. vesca</i> in granular, rosy pileus.</p> + +<p><b>armeniaca</b>, Cke. P. 2-4 cm. soon depr., peach colour, margin +even; g. deep ochraceous; s. 4-5 cm. white, hollow; sp. 10 × 8.</p> + +<p>[<b>ravida</b>, Fr. P. depr. wavy and more or less lobed, brownish +grey then yellowish, opaque, edge even, flesh grey; g. broad, ochre; +s. pallid, brown striate.</p> + +<p><b>xanthophaea</b>, Boud. P. depr., edge sulcate and tuberculose, +brownish bay; gills clear ochre; s. white; taste mild.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. pectinata</i> in ochre gills and mild taste, and from +<i>R. ravida</i> in pectinate and tuberculose margin.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills yellow, without an ochraceous tinge.</i></div> + +<p><b>coerulea</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. convex then exp., polished, edge even, +bluish or bluish purple; g. adnate, pale yellow; s. 4-5 cm. white; +sp. 10-12.</p> + +<p>Much the appearance of <i>R. cyanoxantha</i>, differs in crowded +yellow gills.</p> + +<p><b>nitida</b>, Fr. Smell unpleasant. P. 3-5 cm. plane or slightly +depr., viscid, purplish-bay, reddish, &c., shining, edge striate; g. +sulphur yellow, naked; s. 5-7 cm. white then pallid; sp. 8-10 +× 6-8.</p> + +<p><i>R. nauseosa</i> differs in ochre, powdered gills.</p> + +<p>var. <i>cuprea</i>, Cke. P. copper colour.</p> + +<p><b>aurata</b>, Fr. P. rigid, 4-7 cm. plane, yellow, orange or reddish, +disc darker, margin striate, flesh yellow under the viscid cuticle; g. +broad, edge lemon yellow; s. 4-7 cm. white or yellow; sp. 8-10.</p> + +<p><b>decolorans</b>, Fr. P. 6-9 cm. globose then exp., regular, viscid, +orange red then yellowish, margin becoming striate; flesh turning +grey; g. yellowish; s. 6-9 cm. white then grey, especially inside; sp. +7-9.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. depallens</i> in the long s., and the yellow gills.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[Pg 31]</a></span></p><p><b>punctata</b>, Gillet. P. 3-5 cm. convex then plane, viscid, rosy, +punctate with brown warts, striate; g. yellowish, edge often reddish; +s. 2-3 cm. coloured like p. base whitish; sp. 8-9.</p> + +<p>var. <i>leucopus</i>, Cke. Stem white.</p> + +<p><b>olivacea</b>, Fr. P. 6-9 cm. convex then plane or depr., margin +even, minutely silky squamulose, purple with olive tinge, or brownish +olive; g. broad, yellow; s. 5-8 cm. pale rose; sp. 9-10.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. rubra</i> in deeper yellow colour of g. and unpolished +p. and mild taste.</p> + +<p><b>Linnaei</b>, Fr. P. 6-9 cm. plane then depr., polished, edge even, +blood red or dark rose; g. adnato-decur. yellowish; s. 3-6 cm. blood +red; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>chamaeleontina</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. plane or subdepr., slightly +viscid, edge becoming slightly striate, rose red, purplish lilac, &c., +then yellowish; g. closely crowded, plane, yellow; s. 3-6 cm. white; +sp. 7-8.</p> + +<p><b>puellaris</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. almost membranaceous, conico-convex +then exp., tuberculose striate to the middle, purplish livid then +yellowish, disc brown; g. pale yellow, naked; s. 2-3 cm. yellowish +white, soon hollow; sp. 10 × 8-9.</p> + +<p>P. not shining as in <i>R. nitida</i>.</p> + +<p>var. <i>intensior</i>, Cke. P. deep purple, blackish at disc.</p> + +<p>var. <i>roseipes</i>, Secr. S. sprinkled with rosy meal.</p> + +<p>[<b>bona</b>, Schwalb. P. often irreg., lilac, centre pallid or obscure, +velvety; g. adnexed, pale yellow then pale egg-yellow; s. unequal, +often curved, white, hollow; taste mild; 8-10.</p> + +<p>[<b>grisea</b>, Fr. P. exp. depr., polished, grey or olive, disc purplish, +edge even, flesh under cuticle violet; g. adnate, white then yellow +s. even, polished, white.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">*** <i>Gills white or creamy white.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Pileus white or cream colour</i> (often becoming +blackish when old).</div> + +<p><b>virginea</b>, Cke. and Mass. Persistently pure white. P. 4-5 cm. +soon exp., viscid, polished when dry; g. subdecur., narrow, repeatedly +forked, veined; s. 4-5 cm. solid, rugulose; sp. 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>semicrema</b>, Fr. P. 6-9 cm. persistently white, edge involute, +even, glabrous; g. decur. crowded, white; s. 3-5 cm. white, becoming +blackish; sp. 8-9.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. adusta</i> and <i>R. densifolia</i> in persistently white +p.—flesh also—and g., and from <i>R. delica</i> in flesh of stem becoming +blackish.</p> + +<p><b>lactea</b>, Fr. Entirely white or pallid. P. 4-5 cm. obtuse, even, +unpolished then minutely cracked; g. free, thick, distant; s. 2-4 cm. +solid, stout; sp. 7-9.</p> + +<p>var. <i>incarnata</i>, Q. P. white tinged rose, then pale tan.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[Pg 32]</a></span></p><p><b>nigricans</b>, Fr. P. 7-12 cm. exp. umbilicato-depr. whitish, soon +sooty-olive, flesh white, reddish when broken; g. rounded, very thick +and distant; s. 3-6 cm. stout, solid, pallid then black; sp. 8-9. +Every part black when old.</p> + +<p><b>adusta</b>, Fr. P. 6-9 cm. exp. depr. white then brownish, at +length scorched; g. thin, crowded, pallid; s. 3-5 cm. solid, pallid +then dusky grey; sp. 8-9.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. nigricans</i> in much closer gills, and in flesh not +changing to red.</p> + +<p><b>densifolia</b>, Gillet. P. 3-9 cm. convex then depr. white then +brownish, flesh red when broken; g. thin, crowded, pallid; s. 3-5 cm. +slightly mealy, white then grey, at length blackish; sp. 7-8.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. adusta</i> in flesh turning red, and from <i>R. nigricans</i> +in crowded gills.</p> + +<p><b>delica</b>, Fr. White. P. 8-14 cm. exp. umbil. polished, edge +incurved, even, glabrous; g. decur. thin, distant, white; s. 3-5 cm. +solid, compact; sp. 8-10 × 6-7.</p> + +<p>This species has been confounded with <i>R. chloroides</i>, Bres. (= <i>R. +delica</i>, Mass. Fung. Fl. <span class="smcap">III</span>, 53, <i>Lact. exsuccus</i>, Otto, &c.) but differs +in polished pileus, pure white gills, &c.</p> + +<p><b>chloroides</b>, Bresad. (= <i>Lact. exsuccus</i>, Otto; <i>Agaricus chloroides</i>, +Krombh.; <i>Russula delica</i>, Mass, &c. not of Cooke). P. 8-12 cm. +depr. edge involute, whitish, pubescent, flesh thick, white; g. decurrent, +white with a tinge of green, connected by veins, forked; s. +3-5 cm. stout, white, tomentose, sometimes with a pale green zone +at apex; sp. 8-9.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. delica</i> in pubescent pileus and stem, and green +tinted gills.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Pileus clear yellow.</i></div> + +<p><b>citrina</b>, Gillet. P. 4-6 cm. slightly viscid, convex then depr.; +g. broadest in front, forked, white; s. 4-7 cm. white, solid, slightly +rugulose; sp. 7-8.</p> + +<p><b>fingibilis</b>, Britz. P. 4-5 cm. exp. depr. even, slightly viscid; +g. almost free, white; s. 3-5 cm. white, becoming hollow; sp. 7-9.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">+++ <i>Pileus greenish or olive.</i></div> + +<p><b>olivascens</b>, Fr. P. 5-8 cm. exp. umbil. olive disc becoming +yellowish, edge even; g. white then tinged yellow; s. 2-4 cm. stout, +firm, even; sp. 9-10.</p> + +<p><b>heterophylla</b>, Fr. P. 5-8 cm. exp. depr. even, polished, +greenish, yellow-brown, &c., disc becoming ochre, flesh white; g. +very narrow, closely crowded; s. 2-3 cm. solid, white; sp. 7-8.</p> + +<p>var. <i>galachroa</i>, Fr. P. milky white then greenish.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. cyanoxantha</i> in very narrow, crowded gills.</p> + +<p>[<b>smaragdina</b>, Q. P. thin, viscid, somewhat zoned, clear green, +edge white; g. narrow, white; s. slender, pruinose, white; taste +mild.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[Pg 33]</a></span></p><p><b>azurea</b>, Bres. P. 4-5 cm. exp. depr. pale glaucous green, with +white bloom; g. pale cream colour; s. 2-3 cm. white, rugulose; sp. +8-9.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. cyanoxantha</i> in white meal on the pileus.</p> + +<p><b>virescens</b>, Fr. P. 7-12 cm. exp. umbil. dingy opaque green, +innately flocculose, areolately cracked; g. rather crowded, forked; +s. 4-6 cm. stout, white; sp. 8-9. Edible.</p> + +<p>[<b>luteo-viridans</b>, C. Mart. P. convex then depr. then edge erect +and sulcate, pellicle viscid, separable, yellow with green or brown +stains; g. broad; s. reticulated, base narrowed. Acrid.</p> + +<p>var. <i>bicolor</i>, C. Mart. Disc of p. yellow, edge brown; g. dark +ochre.</p> + +<p>var. <i>purpurea</i>, C. Mart. P. purple, disc yellow.</p> + +<p><b>furcata</b>, Fr. P. 6-10 cm. rigid, depr. sometimes subinfund. +even, dark lurid green, even, frosted with a white silkiness; g. +adnato-decur. thickish, forked; s. 4-7 cm. firm, even, white; sp. +7-8.</p> + +<p>var. <i>pictipes</i>, Cke. S. rosy at apex, greenish below.</p> + +<p>var. <i>ochroviridis</i>, Cke. Disc of p. olive or sooty, ochraceous +towards edge.</p> + +<p><b>aeruginea</b>, Lindbl. P. 6-9 cm. exp. darker disc depr., verdigris +green, edge striate; g. narrow behind, slightly adnexed, pure white; +s. 4-5 cm. firm, even, persistently white; sp. 8-10.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++++ <i>Pileus red, brownish, purple, sometimes with +green intermingled.</i></div> + +<p><b>lepida</b>, Fr. P. 6-9 cm. compact, depr. not polished, blood red, +becoming pale, minutely cracked into squamules; g. much forked; +s. 3-5 cm. even, white with rosy tinge; sp. 6-8.</p> + +<p><b>atropurpurea</b>, Kromb. P. 6-8 cm. hard, convex then exp. depr. +smooth, even, deep blood red or purple red; g. adnate, white; s. +5-6 cm. white or tinged red.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. rubra</i> in being quite mild.</p> + +<p>[<b>cerasina</b>, C. Mart. P. viscid, depr. subcyathiform, edge sulcate, +pellicle separable, cherry-red, disc yellow, flesh purple under cuticle; +g. adnato-decur. ochre; s. rugulose, white. Acrid.</p> + +<p><b>cutefracta</b>, Cke. P. 6-12 cm. exp. depr. even, purple, dull red, +etc., cracking into areolae from edge towards disc; g. adnexed, +crowded; s. 6-8 cm. solid, white with tinge of purple; sp. 7-10.</p> + +<p><b>vesca</b>, Fr. P. 5-8 cm. exp. depr. flesh colour, disc darker, +viscid, rugulose; g. adnate, crowded; s. 3-5 cm. solid, white, +reticulately wrinkled; sp. 9-10.</p> + +<p>var. <i>Duportii</i>, Phil. P. disc rufous, edge bluish, flesh reddish +when cut. Smells of crab.</p> + +<p>var. <i>lilacea</i>, Q. P. violet or purple, flesh violet under the +cuticle.</p> + +<p>var. <i>Barlae</i>, Q. P. peach colour.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[Pg 34]</a></span></p><p><b>depallens</b>, Fr. P. 6-9 cm. firm, undulate, viscid, reddish, +crimson, or brownish, disc paler at length; g. crowded, forked; +s. 3-4 cm. base narrowed, white then grey; sp. 7-8.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. decolorans</i> in having white gills.</p> + +<p>[<b>pallida</b>, Karst. Acrid. P. convex then exp. mostly undulate, +rather viscid, constantly pallid, here and there tinged rose, edge +even; g. white, edge sometimes sulphur; s. white, often curved; +sp. 5-8.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>Russula pallescens</i> in being more robust and even +margin of p.</p> + +<p><b>cyanoxantha</b>, Schaeff. P. 5-9 cm. globose then depr. or +infundib. viscid, lilac, purplish, olive green, &c., edge generally +bluish; g. broad, forked; s. 4-6 cm. even, white; sp. 8-9.</p> + +<p><b>elephantina</b>, Fr. P. 6-10 cm. convex, umbil. margin incurved, +brownish tan, wavy; g. obtusely adnate, arcuate, rather crowded, +thin; s. firm, white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. nigricans</i> and <i>R. adusta</i> in not turning black or +red when old.</p> + +<p><b>mustelina</b>, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. depr. edge upturned, even, opaque, +brownish or dingy yellowish, flesh persistently white; g. crowded, +thin, connected; s. 4-5 cm. even, white; sp. 7-8.</p> + +</li></ol></li></ol></li><li><div class="key">II. <span class="smcap">Taste acrid.</span></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Gills yellow or ochraceous.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Pileus yellow or ochraceous.</i></div> + +<p><b>fellea</b>, Fr. Every part, outside and inside, pale ochraceous or +straw colour, very acrid. P. 3-7 cm. exp. not becoming pale; +g. adnate; s. even, 4-6 cm.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. ochracea</i> in being very acrid.</p> + +<p><b>aurata</b>, Fr. P. 6-10 cm. rigid, exp. polished, citrin or orange, +sometimes reddish, edge becoming striate, flesh under cuticle +citrin; g. broad, shining citrin; s. 5-8 cm. white tinged yellow; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>rhytipes</b>, Fr. Foetid. P. depr. dry, yellowish, blotched purple +or olive, corrugated, flesh sulphur yellow; g. broad, yellow, edge +darker; s. conical, reticulately rugose, greyish purple.</p> + +<p>No account of mild or acrid taste is given, hence its position is +uncertain. Has points in common with <i>R. aurata</i>.</p> + +<p><b>claroflava</b>, Grove. P. 5-7 cm. bullate then plane, chrome +yellow; g. white, lemon yellow, then tinged ochre; s. 3-6 cm. white +then grey or blackish; sp. 8-9.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. ochroleuca</i> in bright yellow p.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[Pg 35]</a></span></p> +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Pileus red or purple.</i></div> + +<p><b>rubra</b>, Fr. P. 3-9 cm. rigid, convex exp. depr. dusky blood red +or with a tinge of purple, polished and even when dry; g. adnate +whitish; s. 4-7 cm. hard, white sometimes tinged red; sp. 8-10.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. atropurpurea</i> in very acrid taste.</p> + +<p><b>drimeia</b>, Cke. (= <i>R. expallens</i>, Gil.). P. 5-9 cm. firm, exp. depr. +bright purple to rose colour; g. clear yellow; s. 4-8 cm. purple, +paler than p.; sp. 7-9. Intensely acrid.</p> + +<p><b>veternosa</b>, Fr. P. 4-5 cm. plano-depr. rosy or flesh colour then +pale, slightly viscid; g. adnate, narrow, white then straw colour; +s. 5-8 cm. spongy then hollow, white; sp. 7-9.</p> + +<p><b>maculata</b>, Q. P. 5-8 cm. thin, firm, exp. viscid, reddish flesh-colour, +then pale and blotched brownish; g. sulphur then peach +colour; s. 3-4 cm. white or tinged rose, then spotted ochre; +sp. 9-10.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. depallens</i> in being smaller, acrid, and stem not +grey.</p> + +<p><b>serotina</b>, Q. P. 2-2.5 cm. globose then more or less exp. purple +brown or olive, edge lilac, with white bloom at first; g. almost free, +white then tinged yellow; s. 2-3 cm. white; sp. 8-9.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills white.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Pileus ochraceous or umber.</i></div> + +<p><b>ochroleuca</b>, Fr. P. 7-9 cm. exp. depr. viscid at first, ochraceous +then pale, disc cracked into granules, margin almost even; g. rounded +behind, broad, subequal, whitish; s. 4-7 cm. soft, white then grey, +reticulately rugulose; sp. 8-9.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. granulosa</i> in stem becoming grey.</p> + +<p><b>granulosa</b>, Cke. P. 4-7 cm. exp. often depr. viscid at first, +ochraceous, disc darker and granular; s. 4-7 cm. white, granular; +g. nearly free, white; sp. 11-12.</p> + +<p>Close to <i>R. ochroleuca</i>, differing in granular persistently white +stem.</p> + +<p><b>foetens</b>, Fr. Foetid. P. 7-12 cm. bullate, then exp. and depr. +rigid, viscid, edge at first incurved, tuberculato-sulcate, ochraceous +then pale; g. very unequal, forked, whitish; s. 4-5 cm. soon hollow, +whitish; sp. 8-10.</p> + +<p>[<b>foetida</b>, C. Mart. Smell foetid. P. viscid, sulcate, yellow-brown, +flesh under cuticle brown, rest white; g. forked near stem, +white then yellow; s. very fragile, hollow, white, often spotted red +below. Mild.</p> + +<p><b>consobrina</b>, Fr. P. 6-8 cm. exp. depr. viscid, edge even, brown +or dark grey, flesh grey under the cuticle; g. forked, white; s. +4-6 cm. white then grey; sp. 8-9 × 7.</p> + +<p>var. <i>sororia</i>, Fr. Edge of p. striate.</p> + +<p><b>pectinata</b>, Fr. Smell nauseous. P. 5-7 cm. exp. then depr. or +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[Pg 36]</a></span>broadly infundib., rigid, brownish tan then pale except disc, viscid, +margin sulcate, flesh yellowish under cuticle; g. attenuato-free, +equal, white; s. rigid, striate, white; sp. 8-9.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. consobrina</i>, var. <i>sororia</i> in tubercular sulcate edge, +and gills not connected by veins.</p> + +<p>[<b>intermedia</b>, Karst. Acrid. P. exp. depr. irreg. viscid, edge even, +at length sulcate and tuberculose, tawny, disc darker, discoloured; +g. white then yellowish; s. white.</p> + +<p>Near to <i>Russ. integra</i>, differs in taste and colour.</p> + +<p><b>sardonia</b>, Fr. P. 5-8 cm. plane, wavy, viscid, edge even, dingy +yellow, then pale; g. adnate, closely crowded, white then yellowish; +s. 3-5 cm. white often tinged red; sp. 9-10.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. rosacea</i> and <i>R. expallens</i> in yellowish colour.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Pileus red or purplish.</i></div> + +<p><b>emetica</b>, Fr. P. 6-9 cm. exp. depr. shining, rosy to blood red, +then pale or white, edge at length sulcate, flesh white, red under +cuticle; g. free, white; s. 4-7 cm. even, white or tinged red; sp. +7-8. Poisonous.</p> + +<p>var. <i>Clusii</i>, Fr. Flesh and gills tinged yellow.</p> + +<p><b>rosacea</b>, Fr. P. 5-9 cm. exp. unequal, viscid then dry and +spotted, rosy; edge acute, even; g. adnate, white; s. 3-5 cm. white +or tinged rose; sp. 7-8.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>R. sanguinea</i> in irregular, often excentric p. and +broader gills.</p> + +<p><b>sanguinea</b>, Fr. P. 5-9 cm. exp. depr. or infundib. polished, +blood-red then pale, edge acute, even; g. decur. closely crowded, +white; s. 4-7 cm. striate, white or tinged red; sp. 9-10.</p> + +<p><i>R. rubra</i> differs in rigid p. and g. tinged yellow.</p> + +<p><b>fragilis</b>, Fr. P. 3-4 cm. thin, fragile, exp. flesh colour or red, +soon pale, rather viscid, edge tubercular-striate; g. thin, crowded, +ventricose, white; s. 3-5 cm. white, polished; sp. 8-10 × 8.</p> + +<p>var. <i>nivea</i>, Cke. Entirely white.</p> + +<p>var. <i>violacea</i>, Q. P. violet, with narrow pale edge.</p> + +<p>var. <i>fallax</i>, Cke. Disc of p. very dark, rest pale reddish purple.</p> + +<p><b>Queletii</b>, Fr. P. 5-8 cm. soon plane, viscid, dark violet, edge +slightly striate, lilac; g. white; s. 3-5 cm. purple; sp. 7-8.</p> + +<p>var. <i>purpurea</i>, Cke. (= <i>R. purpurea</i>, Gillet). Stem whitish, tinged +rosy at middle part; g. pale yellow.</p> +</li></ol></li></ol></li></ol> + +<h3>MYCENA, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">I. <span class="smcap">Calodontes</span>. <i>Edge of gills denticulate, dark +coloured.</i></div> + +<p><b>pelianthina</b>, Bolton. P. 1.5-3 cm. obtuse, hygr. purplish then +pale; g. broad, adnexed, purplish with darker fimbriated margin; s. +5-8 cm. equal, pallid; sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[Pg 37]</a></span></p><p><b>balanina</b>, B. P. 2-4 cm. exp. umb. pale yellowish brown, striate +when moist; g. adnate, separating, pinkish-white, edge purple; s. +6-8 cm. tinged brown, squamulose above, brown and thin below.</p> + +<p>[<b>crenulata</b>, Schum. P. camp. umb. purplish-bay; g. adnexed, +paler than p., edge distinctly crenulated but scarcely darker; s. even, +glabrous, base narrowed.</p> + +<p><b>mirabilis</b>, Cke. and Q. (= <i>Ag. marginellus</i>, Fr., non Pers.). +P. 1-1.5 cm. camp. pale bluish grey, umb. darker, then tan, +finely striate; g. whitish, edge darker with minute particles; s. +greyish, minutely floccose, rooting and tomentose at base; sp. +——.</p> + +<p><b>aurantiomarginata</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. subumb. even, brownish +olive then pale; g. adnexed, edge flocculent, orange; s. 2-4 cm. +base ventricose and strigose; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>elegans</b>, Pers. P. 1.5-2 cm. umb. striate, brown or livid-yellow; +g. adnate, edge saffron; s. 4-5 cm. equal, livid; sp. 8-10 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>olivaceomarginata</b>, Mass. P. 1-1.5 cm. striate up to disc, +honey colour; g. adnexed, pallid, edge brownish olive; s. 3-4 cm. +shining, coloured like p.; sp. 6 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>avenacea</b>, Fr. P. camp. obt. fuscous then livid grey, slightly +striate; g. adnate, white, edge fuscous; s. even, glabrous, without +juice, base fibrillose.</p> + +<p>[<b>atromarginata</b>, Fr. P. exp. sulcate, viscid; g. white with +a very narrow black edge; s. tall, striate, glabrous.</p> + +<p><b>rubromarginata</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. camp. obtuse, striate, hygr. +grey, livid, reddish &c., paler; g. adnate, whitish, edge purple +brown; s. 3-4 cm. even, pallid; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>var. <i>fuscopurpurea</i>, Lasch. P. purple brown; g. edge eroded, +brownish.</p> + +<p>[<b>luteorufescens</b>, Karst. P. campan. often oblique, striato-virgate, +yellowish fuscous, disc rufescent, opaque; g. distant, whitish +glaucous; s. yellowish, glabrous; sp. 8-13 × 7-9.</p> + +<p>[<b>viridimarginata</b>, Karst. P. campan. exp. umb. sulcate, glabrous, +brownish honey-colour, not hygr.; g. white then glaucous; s. rigid, +fragile, honey-colour then pale, not rooting; sp. 7-11 × 6-7.</p> + +<p><b>strobilina</b>, Fr. Every part deep red. P. 1-1.5 cm. acutely +umb. not becoming pale; g. adnate edge dark blood red; s. 3-4 cm. +rigid; sp. 8-10 × 4.</p> + +<p>var. <i>coccinea</i>, Sow. Edge of g. not darker.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>M. rosella</i> in larger size, and in not becoming pale, +acute umbo, &c.</p> + +<p><b>rosella</b>, Fr. Every part pale rose colour. P. 4-7 mm. obtusely +umb. striate, becoming pale; g. adnate, edge darker; s. 2-3 cm. +slender; sp. 7-8 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>venustula</b>, Q. P. white, diaphanous, with rosy granules; g. +few, white, edge rosy; s. white, hyaline.</p> + +<p><b>carneosanguinea</b>, Rea. P. 2.5-3 cm. livid grey, umbo rufous, +even, flesh becoming blood-red when broken; g. purplish-brown, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[Pg 38]</a></span>edge dark purple, denticulate; s. 4 cm. grey, base thickened; sp. +4-5 × 2-3.</p> + +<p>[<b>citrinomarginata</b>, Gill. P. campan. striate to apex, yellow; g. +distant, pale, edge citrin; s. thickened and downy at base, pale.</p> + +<p>[<b>fuscomarginata</b>, Godey. P. campan. even, pale tan then pallid; +g. pale, edge brownish or reddish-purple; s. bay, summit pale.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">II. <span class="smcap">Adonideae</span>. <i>Stem juiceless, gills all one colour, +colour clear, bright, not brownish or greyish.</i></div> + +<p><b>pura</b>, Pers. Smell like radishes. P. 3-6 cm. umb. margin +striate, lilac, reddish, &c., then pale; g. sinuato-adnexed, very broad, +connected by veins, pale; s. 5-8 cm. even, pale or tinged like pileus; +sp. 6-8 × 3-3.5.</p> + +<p><i>M. pelianthina</i> differs in dark edged gills.</p> + +<p><i>M. pseudopura</i> and <i>M. zephira</i> have no smell.</p> + +<p><i>M. ianthina</i> differs in persistently conical pileus.</p> + +<p>[<b>fimicola</b>, Karst. P. convex then plane, umb. or papillate, umb. +striate, glabrous, reddish ochre then tan; g. whitish then tan; s. +equal, wavy, tough, glabrous, rusty then bay; sp. 6-9 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>var. <i>multicolor</i>, Bres. P. clear greyish blue, umbo tawny, edge +striate; g. grey; s. rosy-purple, base yellowish, tomentose; sp. +7-9 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>pseudopura</b>, Cke. P. 2 cm. exp. obtusely umb. vaguely striate, +rosy then pale; g. adnate, whitish; s. 4-6 cm. rigid, pallid rosy, +brownish when dry, naked; sp. 12 × 5.</p> + +<p><i>M. pura</i> differs in larger size of entire fungus, and smaller spores.</p> + +<p><i>M. zephira</i> differs in squamulose stem.</p> + +<p><b>zephira</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. diaphanous, obtuse, striate to middle, +reddish or pinkish; g. adnate white; s. 4-6 cm. tinged pinkish +rufescent, squamulose, base cottony; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>M. pura</i> in absence of smell.</p> + +<p>[<b>caesiolivida</b>, Bres. P. campan. exp. or revolute, subirreg. +glabrous, hygr. livid blue or grey then rosy livid; g. white then rosy, +at length livid flesh colour; s. short, greyish or bluish livid, base +strigosely rooting; 8-10 × 5.5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>Renati</b>, Q. P. rosy lilac, disc brownish; g. white then tinged +rosy; s. pellucid, amber yellow.</p> + +<p>[<b>Seynii</b>, Q. P. vinous, shining; g. rosy lilac; s. fistulose, hyaline, +purplish, base hairy, white.</p> + +<p>[<b>punicella</b>, Fr. P. conical, obtuse, subviscid, scarlet, edge striate, +yellow; g. free, pallid; s. diaphanous, rooting, base dusky green, +apex yellowish.</p> + +<p><b>flavipes</b>, Q. Tufted, smells like radishes. P. 1-2 cm. camp. +obtuse, rosy pink or lilac; g. adnexed, whitish; s. 4-5 cm. polished, +yellow, rooting; sp. 10 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>rubella</b>, Q. P. campan. striate, orange red; g. white then tinged +rosy; s. hyaline, apex rosy.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[Pg 39]</a></span></p><p><b>adonis</b>, Bull. P. 3-5 cm. conical then campan. rosy; g. uncinately +adnexed, narrow, white tinged pink; s. equal, white; sp. +——.</p> + +<p>[<b>chlorantha</b>, Fr. P. camp. obtuse, green; g. sinuato-adnexed, +white; s. short, glabrous, greenish.</p> + +<p><b>lineata</b>, Bull. P. 1-2 cm. obt. glabrous, everywhere finely +striate, tinged yellow or whitish; g. adnate, white; s. 4-5 cm. +even, base downy; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>farrea</b>, Lasch. P. 2-2.5 cm. very thin, expanded, furfuraceous +with shining particles, pale, sulcate; g. adnate, snow-white; s. +6-7 cm. silky, striate; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Among moss and grass. The only known <i>Mycena</i> with a furfuraceous +pileus.</p> + +<p><b>luteoalba</b>, Bolton. P. 1-2 cm. campan. then exp. and umb. +pale yellow; g. adnate, broad, white; s. 3-5 cm. shining, glabrous, +yellowish; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>flavoalba</b>, Fr. P. 1-5 cm. exp. umb. often cracked at margin, +yellowish or white; g. soon free, distant; s. 2-3 cm. white, pellucid, +apex pruinose; sp. 6-8 × 3-4.</p> + +<p><i>M. lactea</i> differs in adnate gills and downy base of stem.</p> + +<p><i>M. luteoalba</i> has a yellowish stem.</p> + +<p><b>lactea</b>, Pers. White. P. 1-1.5 cm. subumb. striate, even when +dry; g. adnate, narrow, crowded; s. 3-5 cm. toughish, not quite +straight, glabrous; sp. 7-8 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>M. gypsea</i> and <i>M. tenuis</i> in scattered habit.</p> + +<p>var. <i>pithya</i>, Fr. Smaller, p. becoming almost plane; s. thin, +base bubillose, downy.</p> + +<p>forma <i>pulchella</i>, Fr. Milk-white; g. linear, ascending; s. attenuated. +Solitary.</p> + +<p>[<b>olida</b>, Bres. Smell very strong, rancid. P. thin, conico-campan. +obtuse, then exp. and umb. yellow soon pale straw; g. uncinato-decur. +connected by veins, white; s. hyaline, strigosely rooting; sp. +8-9 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>gypsea</b>, Fr. Caespitose. Pure white, rarely with a yellow tinge. +P. 1-2 cm. conical then campan. striate up to umbo, glabrous; +g. subuncinate; s. 5-7 cm. straight, narrowed upwards from hairy +base; sp. 8-9 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>nivea</b>, Q. Shining white. P. sulcate, diaphanous; g. uncinate; +s. pruinose, base rather swollen, fibrillose.</p> + +<p>[<b>galeropsis</b>, Fr. P. conico-camp. even, gilvous; g. free, whitish; +s. straight, narrowed upwards, fragile, not rooting, ferruginous +below.</p> + +<p>[<b>nucida</b>, Brig. P. campan. obtuse, even, downy under a lens, +deep rust-colour, hygr.; g. free, white then rosy; s. silky shining, +base snow-white, apex mealy.</p> + +<p>[<b>Benzonii</b>, Fr. P. very thin, campan. exp. umbil. finely striate, +pallid or reddish; g. white; s. equal, glabrous, white.</p> + +<p>An introduced species.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[Pg 40]</a></span></p><p>[<b>melanops</b>, West. P. convexo-camp. plicate, umbo blackish-brown; +g. adnexed to a collar; s. slender, glabrous base fibrillose.</p> + +<p>[<b>pruinatus</b>, Fr. Shining white. P. thin, conico-campan. papillate, +edge deflexed, sulcate, pruinose; g. crowded; s. bulbous, naked.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">III. <span class="smcap">Rigidipedes</span>. <i>Stem firm, rigid, rather tough, juiceless, +base strigosely rooting, gills discoloured, grey, +reddish, &c., often connected by veins.</i></div> + +<p><b>cohaerens</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. camp. obtuse, tawny cinnamon, soft +and velvety; g. free, distant, very broad, pallid; s. 8-12 cm. horny, +rigid, even, shining, bay, base downy, rooting; sp. 10 × 7-8.</p> + +<p>[<b>raeborhiza</b>, Lasch. P. acute camp. exp. glabrous, striate, rather +tawny then pale; g. almost free, connected by veins; s. even, floccosely +pruinose, rooting, tinged tawny.</p> + +<p><b>prolifera</b>, Sow. Caespitose. P. 1-2 cm. camp. then exp. +subumb., margin coarsely striate, yellowish tan; g. adnexed; s. +6-8 cm. glabrous, shining, striate, brownish below, rooting; sp. +——.</p> + +<p><b>excisa</b>, Lasch. (non Berk.). P. 2-3 cm. camp. then obtuse, +greyish fuscous or pallid; g. scarcely adnexed, narrowed behind, +very broad in front, pallid; s. 2-3 cm. tough, even, grey, rooting; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>M. polygramma</i> in smooth stem.</p> + +<p>var. <i>fagetorum</i>, Fr. Slender. P. even, striate to middle, smoky +or livid then pale; g. joined to a collar; s. incurved at base, fixed to +leaves by down.</p> + +<p><b>rugosa</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. camp. then exp. subumb. tough, irreg. +radially rugulose, greyish; g. arcuately adnate, white then tinged +grey; s. 3-4 cm. tough, even, glabrous, pallid; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>sudora</b>, Fr. White. P. 2-3 cm. umb. striate, viscid; g. obtusely +adnate, sometimes tinged pink; st. 6-10 cm. even, dry, rooting; sp. +——.</p> + +<p><b>galericulata</b>, Scop. P. 2-5 cm. conic camp. exp. striate up to +umbo, dry, brownish, livid, &c.; adnate with decurrent tooth, connected +by veins, pinkish when old; s. 5-8 cm. polished, even, +glabrous; sp. 6-7 × 4.</p> + +<p><i>M. rugosa</i> differs from present sp. in having grey gills and +rugulose pileus.</p> + +<p>[<b>simillima</b>, Karsten. P. conico-campan. even, dry, glabrous, +livid or dingy pallid; g. emarginato-decur. crowded, white, very +slightly tinged rose; s. fragile, polished, even, glabrous, base curved, +rooting; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Very near to <i>Mycena galericulata</i>, differing in being fragile and +in becoming pale.</p> + +<p><b>polygramma</b>, Bull. P. 3-7 cm. conic camp. subumb. dry, +striate, dark grey or blackish-blue when young; g. pale pinkish-grey +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[Pg 41]</a></span>tinge; s. 7-12 cm. rigid, tough, shining, longitudinally striate, +strigosely rooting, grey; sp. 11-12 × 6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>M. plicata</i> in striate stem.</p> + +<p>[<b>inclinata</b>, Fr. P. camp. obtuse, striate to middle, everywhere +brownish; g. adnate, whitish, base grey; s. rigid, twisted, pruinosely +fibrillose, upwards interruptedly striate.</p> + +<p><b>parabolica</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. oval then camp. striate to middle, +disc blackish-violet, margin paler, becoming pale; g. adnate; s. +4-7 cm. even, glabrous, base strigose, dark coloured; sp. 11-12 × 6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>M. galericulata</i> in absence of decurrent tooth of +gills, also their pinkish colour.</p> + +<p><b>tintinabulum</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. tough, camp. even, bay, yellow +brown, pallid, &c., viscid when moist; g. adnate with a decurrent +tooth, crowded; s. 2-3 cm. even, glabrous, pallid, strigosely rooting; +sp. 7-8 × 5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>M. galericulata</i> in short stem and even pileus.</p> + +<p><b>Berkeleyi</b>, Mass. (= <i>excisa</i>, B.). P. 3-7 cm. camp. striate up to +umbo, hygr. dingy brown then paler; g. broadly sinuate with decurrent +tooth, tinged flesh colour; s. 7-12 cm. long, purplish brown, +base rooting; sp. 5 × 3.5.</p> + +<p>[<b>laevigata</b>, Lasch. Constantly white. P. hemispher.-exp. obtuse, +even when dry; g. with decur. tooth, crowded, distinct, joined to a +collar; s. even, glabrous, lubricous, base strigose.</p> + +<p>Requires to be carefully distinguished from white forms of +<i>M. galericulata</i> and <i>M. rugosa</i>. S. lubricous when moist, not +viscid.</p> + +<p>[<b>lasiosperma</b>, Bres. Caespitose. P. thin, conico-campan. exp. +umb. edge then upturned, rather viscid, striate to umbo, livid grey +with a grey bloom at first; g. sinuato-unc. connected by veins, +whitish then grey; s. pallid above, chestnut and white-pruinose +below; sp. globose, aculeate, 6-7.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">IV. <span class="smcap">Fragilipedes</span>. <i>Stem fragile, dry, juiceless. Pileus +hygrophanous. Gills often discoloured.</i></div> + +<p><b>atroalba</b>, Bolton. P. 2-3 cm. campan. obtuse, disc blackish or +fuscous, whitish towards striate margin; g. free, crowded, glaucous; +s. 6-10 cm. pallid, apex darker, base swollen, strigose; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>dissiliens</b>, Fr. Smell strong, very fragile, conico-camp. obtuse, +greyish-brown then pale, grooved to middle; g. broadest in front, +base tinged grey; s. 4-5 cm. subincurved, slightly striate, dusky +grey, base strigose; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>When compressed the stem splits into pieces which curl outwards +elastically.</p> + +<p><b>atrocyanea</b>, Batsch. P. 1-1.5 cm. convex-camp. sulcate, dark +brown then blue-grey, powdered with white meal, deformed umbo +obtuse; g. adnexed, whitish; s. 3-4 cm. slender, glabrous, blackish-blue; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[Pg 42]</a></span></p><p><b>pullata</b>, B. and Cke. Smell slightly nitrous. P. 1.5-2 cm. +dark brown, disc blackish, obtusely umb. striate to middle; g. white; +s. 5-6 cm. coloured like pileus, rooting; sp. 6 × 3.</p> + +<p><i>M. leucogala</i> and <i>M. galopoda</i> differ in white milk in stem.</p> + +<p><i>M. atrocyanea</i> differs in dark blue tinge of p. and s.</p> + +<p>[<b>cinerella</b>, Karst. Smell very strong of meal. P. campan. +entirely striate, grey or greyish-pallid; g. broadly adnato-decur. +greyish-white; s. greyish-white, base fibrillose, not rooting; sp. +——.</p> + +<p><b>psammicola</b>, B. and Br. Smell strong. P. 4-6 mm. hemispherical, +brown, paler towards striate margin, sprinkled with minute +particles; g. adnexed, sinuate; s. 1.5-2 cm. umber, paler upwards, +everywhere pulverulent; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>M. paupercula</i> in pulverulent stem and pileus.</p> + +<p><b>paupercula</b>, B. Smell strong. P. 2-4 mm. conical, exp. pale +ochraceous, minutely fibrillose; g. free, whitish; s. 1-1.5 cm. slender, +whitish, rooting; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>leptocephala</b>, Pers. Smell strong, solitary, entirely grey. P. +2-2.5 cm. umb. sulcate, pruinose, opaque; g. emarginate; s. 4-5 cm. +slightly striate, opaque, dry; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>alcalina</b>, Fr. Smell strong. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. camp. obtuse, +naked, deeply striate when moist, shining when dry, pallid or tinged +yellowish-green; g. adnate; s. 4-7 cm. yellowish, viscid, glabrous, +shining, base villose; sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>ammoniaca</b>, Fr. Smell strong. P. 1.5-2 cm. conico-exp. umb. +naked, discoid, opaque, dark brown or greyish, striate at paler margin; +g. adnate; s. even, glabrous, rooting, pallid, 4-5 cm.; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><i>M. alcalina</i> differs in tufted habit, viscid stem with yellow tinge +of colour.</p> + +<p><b>metata</b>, Fr. Smell weak, alkaline, soft. P. obt. striate, hygr. +grey—rarely yellowish or pinkish—even, opaque, and whitish when +dry; g. adnate, not connected by veins, whitish; s. 4-7 cm. firm, +even, glabrous, base fibrillose; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>cinerea</b>, Mass. and Crossl. Entirely grey, smell strong, like +radishes. P. 1.5-2 cm. subgibbous, exp. pale, silky and even when +dry; g. adnate; s. 5-7 cm. glabrous, downy and white at base; sp. +8 × 5; cystidia fusiform.</p> + +<p><i>M. leptocephala</i> differs in sulcate p., and <i>M. metata</i> in white gills. +<i>M. plumbea</i> has no smell.</p> + +<p><b>plicosa</b>, Fr. 1.5-2.5 cm. exp. plicato-sulcate, greyish brown, +opaque when dry; g. thick, distant, veined, grey; s. 3-4 cm. polished, +greyish; sp. globose, 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>subplicosa</b>, Karst. P. campan. obtuse, with distant grooves, +almost plicate, glabrous, grey then pallid; g. adnate, whitish; s. rigid, +shining, hyaline or livid, base strigose not rooting; sp. 6-8 × 3-5.</p> + +<p><b>consimilis</b>, Cke. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. camp. grey, umbo darker, +striate to middle, margin upturned and splitting; g. adnexed, grey; +s. 2.5-3.5 cm. dry, smooth, paler than p.; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[Pg 43]</a></span></p><p>More or less resembling several species. <i>M. leptocephala</i> and +<i>M. metata</i> differ in strong smell. <i>M. peltata</i> in orbicular plane +pileus. <i>M. rugosa</i> differs in rugose pileus.</p> + +<p><b>peltata</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. orbicular, soon plane, disc fleshy, +blackish brown then grey, margin striate; g. with decurrent tooth, +grey; s. 3-4 cm. even, glabrous, base downy; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>M. pelliculosa</i> in absence of viscid pellicle.</p> + +<p><b>aetites</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. camp.-convex, coarsely striate, hygr. +broad obtuse umbo prominent, brownish; g. uncinate, thin, connected +by veins; s. 4-5 cm. glabrous, shining subcompressed; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>stannea</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. exp. hygr. grey, even, and tin colour +with a silky sheen when dry; g. with decurrent tooth, connected by +veins, greyish white; s. 5-7 cm. even, shining, often compressed; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>M. vitrea</i> in decurrent tooth to gills.</p> + +<p><b>vitrea</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. livid brown, finely striate all over, +no trace of umbo or fleshy disc; g. adnate, not connected by veins; +s. 6-9 cm. slightly striate, polished, pale, base fibrillose; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>M. aetites</i> and <i>M. stanneus</i> in gills not having a +decurrent tooth and not connected by veins.</p> + +<p><b>tenuis</b>, Bolton. White, tufted. P. 1-1.5 cm. brittle, camp. +obtuse, then exp. striate; g. adnate; s. 5-7 cm. thin, pellucid, +glabrous; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><i>M. gypsea</i> differs in decurrent tooth of gills, and strigose base of +stem.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">V. <span class="smcap">Filipedes</span>. <i>Stem very slender, flaccid, rooting, dry, +juiceless. Gills discoloured, edge paler.</i></div> + +<p><b>filopes</b>, Bull. P. 1-1.5 cm. camp. then exp. striate, livid grey; +g. free, white; s. 6-8 cm. flaccid, glabrous, rooting, base downy; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>iris</b>, B. P. 1-2 cm. exp. obtuse, slightly viscid, striate, blue +when young, then brownish with blue fibrils; g. free, tinged grey; +s. 3-6 cm. bluish below, tinged brown above, with scattered fascicles +of down; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>amicta</b>, Fr. P. up to 1 cm. conico-camp. greyish, striate to +middle, dry, glabrous; g. free, grey; s. 6-10 cm. filiform, tough, +downy-pulverulent; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>plumbea</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. convex then flattened, obtuse, sulcate, +lead colour powdered with white meal; g. adnate horizontal, grey; +s. 6-8 cm. elongated, pulverulent, grey, apex hyaline, base strigose, +fragile; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>ianthina</b>, Fr. P. conical, striate all over, glabrous, lilac; g. broadest +in front, greyish-white; s. attenuated, flaccid, glabrous, slightly +striate, brownish lilac.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. pura</i> in persistently conical pileus.</p> + +<p><b>urania</b>, Fr. P. camp. then convex, dark violet when young, then +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[Pg 44]</a></span>blue becoming pale; g. uncinato-adnate, white; s. flaccid, even, +glabrous, base rather rooting, floccose.</p> + +<p><b>debilis</b>, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. camp.-convex, striate, whitish or +livid then brownish, opaque, rugulose when dry; g. broadly adnate; +s. 3-5 cm. flaccid, base fibrillose not rooting; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>lasiosperma</b>, Bres. P. striate, grey, umbo darker; g. greyish +white; s. white, pruinose, base brownish, strigosely rooting; sp. +globose, aculeate.</p> + +<p><b>vitilis</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 mm. conical then exp. papillate, deeply striate +when moist, brownish or greyish then pale; g. narrowed and adnate, +greyish white; s. 6-14 cm. livid, flexile, rooting; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Var. <i>amsegetes</i>, Secr. P. conico-campan. everywhere striate; g. +not connected by veins, edge entire; s. thicker, short.</p> + +<p>[<b>latebricola</b>, Karst. P. campan. then plano-convex, disc depr. +striate, livid, fuscescent when dry; g. adnato-decurr., whitish; s. +filiform, tough, glabrous, pallid, root strigose; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>canescens</b>, Weinm. P. hemispher. then plane, subumbil., white +then tinged grey; g. adnate, greyish; s. filiform, sooty grey, base +fibrillose.</p> + +<p><b>collariata</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. convex, subumb. striate, brownish +or greyish then pale; g. adnate to a collar, whitish then tinged pink; +s. 2-3 cm. pale, polished, tough; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>cimmeria</b>, Fr. P. convex, slightly striate, dry, yellowish brown; +g. adnexed, saffron yellow, edge white; s. glabrous, fibrillosely +rooting.</p> + +<p>[<b>cladophylla</b>, Lév. P. camp.-convex, wavy, glabrous, greyish +white, shining; g. adnate, branched; s. naked, white, base brownish.</p> + +<p>[<b>epiphloea</b>, Fr. P. persistently acutely conical, papillate, everywhere +striate, whitish, apex tinged brown; g. free, ventricose, distant; +s. diaphanous, pallid.</p> + +<p>[<b>supina</b>, Fr. Small. P. obtuse, striate; g. almost free, ventricose, +white; s. short, incurved, tough, glabrous, white.</p> + +<p><b>speirea</b>, Fr. P. 1 cm. convex, dark disc becoming depr. greyish +with brown lines; g. plane then decurrent, shining white; s. 3-4 cm. +tough, polished, fibrillosely rooting; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>tenella</b>, Fr. Tufted. P. up to 1 cm. obtuse, whitish, pellucid, +margin striatulate; g. uncinate, white then pink; s. 2 cm. glabrous, +base downy; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Caespitose. Altogether white or livid-rosy. Pileus exceedingly +delicate.</p> + +<p><b>acicula</b>, Schaeff. P. 2-3 mm. camp., orange red, margin striate; +g. yellow; s. 2-3 cm. yellowish, base rooting; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Pileus at first subumbonate. Gills subovate, almost free, yellow +then pale.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[Pg 45]</a></span></p> +</li><li><div class="key">VI. <span class="smcap">Lactipedes</span>. <i>Gills and rooting stem dry, giving out +milk when broken.</i></div> + +<p><b>haematopoda</b>, Pers. Caespitose. P. 2-4 cm. camp. obtuse, edge +denticulate, reddish disc darker; g. adnate, whitish, edge the same; +s. 4-5 cm. reddish, white pulverulent, containing dusky red juice.</p> + +<p><b>cruenta</b>, Fr. P. 1 cm. conico-camp. margin striate, edge entire, +reddish; g. adnate, entirely white; s. 4-7 cm. containing dusky red +juice; sp.</p> + +<p><b>sanguinolenta</b>, A. and S. P. 1 cm. convexo-camp. striate, reddish, +edge darker; s. 3-5 cm. reddish with dark red juice; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>crocata</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. conico-camp. umb. reddish; g. +white; s. 7-12 cm. narrowed, downy rooting, containing saffron-red +juice; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>chelidonia</b>, Sow. P. 1 cm. camp. then obtuse, nearly even, pinkish +with yellow tinge; g. adnate, tinged yellow; s. 4-5 cm. smooth, +rooting, often compr. with yellow juice; sp. 9-10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>galopoda</b>, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. camp. umb. striate sooty or greyish; +g. glaucous; s. slender, pallid, fibrillosely rooting, containing white +milk; sp. 9-10 × 5.</p> + +<p><i>M. leucogala</i> differs in the grey gills.</p> + +<p><b>leucogala</b>, Cke. P. 1-1.5 cm. camp. umb. sulcate, sooty or +purple brown; g. adnate, grey; s. 4-7 cm. dark with whitish down +at base, containing a large quantity of white milk; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><i>M. pullata</i> and <i>M. atrocyanea</i> differ in having no milk.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">VII. <span class="smcap">Glutinipedes</span>. <i>Stem juiceless, viscid or glutinous.</i></div> + +<p><b>epiterygia</b>, Scop. P. 1-2.5 cm. camp. then exp. striate with a +separable viscid pellicle, greyish or greenish yellow; g. adnate; +s. 5-9 cm. tough, glabrous, viscid, rooting, yellowish; sp. 8-10 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>Resembling <i>M. alcalina</i>, but no smell.</p> + +<p><b>clavicularis</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. exp. striate, dry, not pelliculose, +disc becoming depr. brownish, yellowish or pale; g. adnate, white; +s. 4-5 cm. glabrous, viscid, whitish, base fibrillose; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>pelliculosa</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. convex, obtuse, finely striate, viscid +pellicle separable, grey or brownish; g. rather fold-like; s. 3-4 cm. +glabrous, viscid, livid; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>M. vulgaris</i> in separable cuticle.</p> + +<p><b>vulgaris</b>, Pers. P. 5-8 mm. convex then depr. with central +papilla, viscid brownish or grey with darker lines; g. decur. white; +s. viscid, pale, fibrillosely rooting; sp. 5 × 2.5.</p> + +<p><b>citrinella</b>, Pers. P. 3-6 mm. viscid, camp. then exp. umb. +yellow; g. uncinate, white; s. 2 cm. tough, viscid, yellow; sp. +6-8 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>plicato-crenata</b>, Fr. P. 1 cm. conical, subumb. coarsely plicate, +edge crenate, pale yellow; g. white; s. 3-5 cm. viscid, tinged red +or brownish, inside yellow; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[Pg 46]</a></span></p><p><b>rorida</b>, Fr. P. up to 1 cm. convex, umbil. sulcate, dry, pale +ochre; g. subdecur. white; s. 3-4 cm. whitish, very glutinous; +sp. ——.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">VIII. <span class="smcap">Basipedes</span>. <i>Stem dry, base expanded into an +orbicular disc or bubillose and strigose</i>.</div> + +<p><b>stylobates</b>, Pers. White. P. 2-3 mm. obtuse, striate, subpilose; +g. free; s. 3-4 cm. filiform, glabrous, inserted on a plane, +orbicular, downy, striate disc; sp. 4 × 2.</p> + +<p>[<b>dilatata</b>, Fr. White. P. convexo-plane, obtuse, edge slightly +striate; g. sublinear, connected into a collar; s. filiform, base +orbicular, convex, glabrous.</p> + +<p>var. <i>clavicularis</i>. P. greyish, disc subrotund.</p> + +<p><b>tenerrima</b>, B. White. P. 2-3 mm. convex, scurfy; g. free; +s. 2-3 cm. minutely hairy below, fixed by a minute downy disc; +sp. subgl. 3-4.</p> + +<p><b>discopoda</b>, Lév. White. P. 2-3 mm. conical, obtuse, with +white meal; g. adnate, distant; s. 2-3 mm. mealy, expanding at +base into a minute downy disc; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>saccharifera</b>, B. & Br. Whitish. P. 2-3 mm. convex; g. +arcuately decur. dusted with shining particles; s. 3-4 mm. filiform, +minute disc fixed by filaments; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>var. <i>eclectica</i>, Buck. White. P. sulcate, and like gills and stem, +sparkling with granules.</p> + +<p>[<b>mammillata</b>, Pass. P. conico-campan. mammilate, sulcate, +glabrous, shining white then greyish; g. adnate, broad; s. floccose +below, base ending in a flat orbicular disc.</p> + +<p>[<b>mucor</b>, Batsch. Minute, fugacious. P. plicate, grey; g. adnate, +distant, greyish white; s. hyaline, white, inserted in an orbicular +disc.</p> + +<p>[<b>echinipes</b>, Lasch. Minute, white. P. camp. hyaline, striate; +g. thick, distant; s. thickish, glabrous, base slightly bulbous, hairy.</p> + +<p><b>pterigena</b>, Fr. Pale rose colour. P. 1-2 mm. camp. obtuse; +g. adnate, broad, distant; s. 4-6 mm. thin, wavy, smooth, ending in +a radially strigose disc; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>trachelina</b>, Fr. P. brown, fibrillose; g. adnate, broad floccoso-fimbriate; +s. villosely squamulose, bulbillose, strigosely rooting.</p> + +<p>[<b>cyanorhiza</b>, Q. P. striate, greyish white; g. broad, whitish; +s. greyish white, base somewhat swollen, hairy, blue.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">IX. <span class="smcap">Insititiae</span>. <i>Stem very slender, not rooting nor +attached by a disc but penetrating the substratum +abruptly. Gills adnate.</i></div> + +<p><b>corticola</b>, Fr. P. 3-6 mm. obtuse, umbil. sulcate, blackish, +brown, grey, &c.; g. adnate, broad; s. 1.5 cm. slender, incurved, +minutely scurfy; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[Pg 47]</a></span></p><p><b>hiemalis</b>, Osbeck. P. 4-7 mm. camp. umb. striate, pinkish, +rufescent, white, &c., often pruinose; g. narrow; s. 2-3 cm. curved, +base downy; sp. 7-8 × 3.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>M. corticola</i> in narrow gills, and striate not sulcate +pileus.</p> + +<p><b>codoniceps</b>, Cke. P. 2-3 mm. high and 1.5 mm. broad, pale +umber, not exp. sulcate, delicately hairy; g. adnate; s. 4-7 mm. +umber below; sp. 5 × 2.5.</p> + +<p><b>setosa</b>, Sow. White. P. 1 mm. obtuse, smooth, g. almost free; +s. 2-3 cm. slender, covered with delicate spreading hairs; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>capillaris</b>, Fr. White. P. 2 mm. camp. obtuse, then umbil.; +g. adnate, few; s. 1.5-2.5 cm. hair-like, wavy, glabrous; sp. 7-8 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>stipularis</b>, Fr. Very minute and delicate. P. convex subumbil. +rosy, as are also the gills; s. downy, yellowish.</p> + +<p><b>juncicola</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 mm. striate, glabrous, rufescent or rosy; +g. adnate, distant; s. 1-1.5 cm. glabrous, fuscous; sp. ——.</p> +</li></ol> + +<h3>COLLYBIA, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">A. <i>Gills white or clear coloured, not grey; flesh white.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">I. <span class="smcap">Striaepedes</span>. <i>Stem stout, hollow or loosely stuffed, +sulcate or fibrillosely striate.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Gills white, rather distant.</i></div> + +<p><b>radicata</b>, Relh. P. 3-7 cm. exp. gibbous, rugose, viscid, +brownish ochre; g. distant, white; s. 10-18 cm. attenuated upwards, +glabrous, rooting; 14-15 × 8-9.</p> + +<p><b>longipes</b>, Bull. P. 3-5 cm. exp. umb. dry, minutely velvety, +pale brown; s. 8-12 cm. velvety, with a rooting base, brownish; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. velutipes</i> in dry, velvety pileus.</p> + +<p><b>veluticeps</b>, Rea. P. 3-6 cm. velvety, tawny; g. sinnato-adnate, +deep ochre; st. 4-7 cm. fusiform, striate, slightly velvety, with +rhizomorphic mycelium; sp. 7-8 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>Caespitose.</p> + +<p>[<b>elevata</b>, Weinm. P. tough, exp. subfibrillose, umbo evanescent, +greyish white, shining, floccosely scaly; g. shining white then dingy; +s. long, striate, abruptly rooting.</p> + +<p><b>platyphylla</b>, Fr. P. 6-10 cm. exp. obtuse, moist, fibrillosely +virgate, brown or greyish; g. truncate behind, white; s. 7-10 cm. +striate, pallid, base abrupt, with cord-like strands of mycelium; +sp. 9-10 × 6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>repens</i>, Ach. P. depr.; s. hollow, compr. apex pruinose, +rhizomorphic mycelium copious, anastomosing.</p> + +<p><b>semitalis</b>, Fr. P. 3-8 cm. exp. obtuse, glabrous, moist, sooty +or livid ochraceous, pale when dry; g. white, blackish when bruised, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[Pg 48]</a></span>finally obscure; s. 2-4 cm. fibrillose, with a thin cartilaginous cuticle, +brownish or grey; sp. 7-9 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>lentiniformis</b>, Karst. P. convexo-plane, umbil. or depr. irreg. +even, glabrous, rufescent; g. almost free, crowded, white then spotted +black; s. apex thickened and silky, whitish, blackish when bruised; +sp. 10-11 × 4-6.</p> + +<p>Resembling <i>Lentinus cochleatus</i> in form and colour.</p> + +<p>[<b>concolor</b>, Del. White then tan. P. umboniform then exp. +even, rarely scaly; g. adnexed, pallescent; s. solid, equal, glabrous.</p> + +<p>[<b>loripes</b>, Fr. Caespitose. P. exp. flexuose, lax, yellowish rufous, +even, glabrous; g. white then sulphur yellow; s. pallid, flexuous, +fibrillosely striate.</p> + +<p>[<b>aerina</b>, Q. P. flexuous, tomentose, coppery olive; g. distant, +yellow; s. striate, orange yellow.</p> + +<p><b>fusipes</b>, Bull. P. 3-7 cm. exp. umbo at length disappearing, +rufous or dingy tan, often cracked; g. adnexed, white then dingy; +s. 7-10 cm. ventricose, grooved, rooting, glabrous, cartilaginous; +sp. 5-6 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>Tufted. Edible.</p> + +<p>var. <i>oedematopa</i>, Schaeff. Subcaespitose, p. conical then flattened, +rufous bay; g. pallid; s. ventricose, fibrillosely pulverulent.</p> + +<p>var. <i>contorta</i>, Bull. Caespitoso-connate, pileus and twisted stem +thinner; g. crowded, white.</p> + +<p><b>lancipes</b>, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. exp. umb. radiately rugulose, margin +striate, pale flesh colour then pallid; g. connected by veins, tinged +flesh colour; s. 4-6 cm. striate, narrowed towards rooting base; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. fusipes</i> in rugulose pileus, and in growing singly.</p> + +<p><b>mimica</b>, W. G. Sm. Smell strong, fishy. P. 2-3 cm. obtuse, +with separable cuticle, dingy ochraceous, as are the broad g.; s. narrowed +towards base, ochraceous, 4-5 cm.; sp. 8 × 4-5.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills crowded, narrow.</i></div> + +<p><b>maculata</b>, A. & S. White; P. 5-10 cm. obtuse, compact, +becoming spotted with rust colour; g. free, closely crowded; s. +7-12 cm. more or less ventricose, grooved, narrowed below, spotted +rusty; subgl. 4-6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>immaculata</i>, Cke. Not becoming spotted; g. minutely +serrulate.</p> + +<p>var. <i>scorzonera</i>, Batsch. Smaller, yellowish, stem long, rooting, +often wavy; g. yellowish.</p> + +<p>[<b>serpentina</b>, Otth. P. campan. yellowish white, glabrous, somewhat +shining, whitish, edge involute, white-fibrillose; g. crenulate, +whitish, becoming tinged red; s. whitish, striate, silky shining, hollow, +ending in a long contorted serpentine root running amongst leaves.</p> + +<p><b>prolixa</b>, Fl. Dan. P. 7-10 cm. lax, exp. gibbous, even, +glabrous, tawny or brick red tinge; g. free, crowded, narrow, not +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[Pg 49]</a></span>spotted; s. solid, subequal, not rooting, sulcate, brick-red, 7-9 cm.; +sp. 8-9 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>distorta</b>, Fr. P. lax, 6-8 cm. exp. umb. glabrous, even, bay +then pale; g. narrow, much crowded, soon spotted red; s. 6-8 cm. +narrowed from ventricose base, sulcate, more or less twisted, pallid; +sp. 6-7 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>butyracea</b>, Bull. P. 4-7 cm. exp. umb. even, glabrous, moist +and shining, reddish brown then pallid, flesh whitish; g. crenulate; +s. 5-8 cm. conical, striate, rufous; sp. 7-9 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>var. <i>bibulosa</i>, Mass. P. dingy olive at first.</p> + +<p>var. <i>aurorea</i>, Larb. P. thinner, edge striate, flesh rufescent; +s. hollow.</p> + +<p>[<b>funicularis</b>, Karst. (= <i>Coll. dryophila</i>, var. <i>funicularis</i>, Fr.). +P. rufous then pale, even; g. sulphur then pale; s. sulcate, apex +thickened, curved, yellowish white; sp. 6 × 2-3.</p> + +<p>[<b>phaeopodia</b>, Fr. P. exp. even, glabrous, moist, umbo evanescent, +flesh brownish, fuscous brown; g. white; s. blackish brown, thickened +at both ends.</p> + +<p>[<b>epipphia</b>, Fr. P. discoid, viscid, striate to middle; g. white, +connected by veins; s. narrowed upwards, striate, white.</p> + +<p>[<b>asema</b>, Weinm. P. thin, umb. hygr. livid, whitish when dry, +flesh watery, horny-grey near gills; g. crowded, entire, whitish; +s. striate, livid.</p> + +<p><b>stridula</b>, Fr. P. soft, soon exp. even, moist, hygr. blackish then +pale; g. arcuato-adnexed, white; s. fibrilloso-striate, livid brown.</p> + +<p>Distinguished from <i>Trich. melaleucum</i> by the dark stem.</p> + +<p>[<b>pulla</b>, Schaeff. P. campan.-exp. obtuse, even, glabrous, hygr. +purple bay then pallid fuscous; g. transversely pellucidly striate, +whitish; s. twisted, soft.</p> + +<p><b>xylophila</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. lax, campan. then exp. gibbous, +disc brownish tan, rest paler; g. adnate, very narrow, much crowded; +s. 4-5 cm. subflexuous, fibrillose, whitish; 4 × 2.5.</p> + +<p>Caespitose. <i>C. confluens</i> and <i>C. ingrata</i> differ in downy stem.</p> + +<p>[<b>jurana</b>, Q. P. thin, fleshy-buff colour, white floccose, margin +crenulate; g. whitish tinged flesh colour; s. fibrillose, whitish.</p> + +<p>[<b>ramosa</b>, Bull. Pure white. P. exp. disc depr. slightly striate; +g. crowded; s. stuffed, subequal, rooting, glabrous.</p> + +<p>[<b>strumosa</b>, Fr. White. P. wavy, glabrous, margin at first incurved +and downy; g. crowded; s. hollow, equal, flexuous, surface +crisped and wavy, striate.</p> + +<p>[<b>globularis</b>, Weinm. White. P. globose, disc becoming plane +and umbil., edge roundly incurved; g. adnate, crowded, broad; s. apex +flocculose, base tomentose.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[Pg 50]</a></span></p> +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">II. <span class="smcap">Vestipedes</span>. <i>Stem thin, equal, fistulose or medullate, +even, velvety, floccose or pruinose.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Gills broad, rather distant.</i></div> + +<p><b>velutipes</b>, Fr. 3-7 cm. exp. viscid, yellow, glabrous; g. yellowish; +s. 5-10 cm. velvety, blackish brown below, rooting; sp. 7 × 3-3.5.</p> + +<p>var. <i>rubescens</i>, Cke. P. tawny; g. ochraceous.</p> + +<p>var. <i>lactea</i>, Q. P. white; g. broad; s. velvety.</p> + +<p><b>laxipes</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. obtuse, glabrous, moist, whitish; +g. distant; s. 6-12 cm. lax, stuffed, with rufous velvety down; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Much smaller and slenderer than <i>C. velutipes</i>.</p> + +<p>[<b>declinis</b>, Weinm. P. conico-campan. umb. moist, at length +rivulose, pale fuscous; g. scarcely adnexed, pallid, edge floccoso-crenulate; +s. white, apex flocculoso-pulverulent.</p> + +<p>[<b>Benoistii</b>, Boud. Soft. P. convex then plane, rather hygr. +dark purple-bay then paler, edge striate, pellucid; g. nearly free, +whitish then tinged purple-bay; s. bay, apex paler and scurfy, pale +flocculose; flesh coloured.</p> + +<p><b>floccipes</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. convex, umb. even, sooty brown then +pale; g. thick; s. 3-5 cm. whitish and rough with minute black +points, rooting; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>trochila</b>, Lasch. P. convex, glabrous, umbilicately depr. discoid, +hyalino-striate, pallid fuscous; g. adnate, narrow; s. long, rigid, +blackish brown.</p> + +<p><b>vertiruga</b>, Cke. P. 1-2 cm. subpulverulent, exp. dull brown or +grey, radially wrinkled; g. adnate; s. 4-6 cm. tawny, minutely +velvety, base strigose; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. stipitaria</i> in adnate gills and dingy pileus.</p> + +<p><b>stipitaria</b>, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. exp. umb. velvety-squamulose, +whitish with brown fibrils; g. ventricose; s. 2.5-5 cm. bay, fibrillose +or hairy; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>Sobolewski</b>, Weinm. P. thin, hemispher. obtusely umb. white-pulverulent, +shining white then tinged rosy; g. free; s. slender, +tinged fuscescent, shining, white-fibrillose.</p> + +<p>[<b>alumna</b>, Schum. White. P. thin, globose-campan. exp. glabrous, +striate; g. adnate, broad; s. subulate from thickened base, +downy below.</p> + +<p>Habitat on fungi like <i>C. tuberosa</i>, from which it differs in +adnate gills.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills very narrow, closely crowded.</i></div> + +<p><b>hariolorum</b>, Bull. P. 2-5 cm. exp. glabrous, dingy tan; g. +white then pallid; s. 5-7 cm. narrowed upwards, rufescent, woolly-hirsute; +sp. 6-7 × 3-4.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[Pg 51]</a></span></p><p><b>confluens</b>, Pers. P. 2-4 cm. obtuse, flaccid, glabrous, rufescent +then pallid; g. closely crowded; s. 6-12 cm. more or less +compressed, rufous, everywhere with white down; sp. subgl. 7-9.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. hariolorum</i> in densely tufted habit.</p> + +<p><b>ingrata</b>, Schum. P. 2-3 cm. convex, umb. even, brownish +tan; g. free, pallid; s. 5-10 cm. twisted, subcompressed, with +white meal above, umber and naked below, equal; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>lilacea</b>, Q. Subtomentose, lilac; p. thin, hoary; g. amethyst; +s. slender, base with white down.</p> + +<p>[<b>lupuletora</b>, Weinm. P. exp. depr. even, glabrous, livid or +pale tan then pallid; g. adnate, crowded, white; s. not rooting, +white and pulverulently scaly above, brownish, glabrous, and narrowed +below.</p> + +<p>[<b>foetidissima</b>, Gill. Smell extremely foetid. P. convex, umbil. +wavy, yellowish white; g. whitish; s. white.</p> + +<p>[<b>orbicularis</b>, Secr. P. exp. umb. brown, disc with small viscid +blackish warts; g. adnexed, crowded; s. rufescent with white meal.</p> + +<p>[<b>myosura</b>, Fr. P. orbicular, exp. obtuse, rufous, becoming +pale; g. free, much crowded; s. rufescent, apex powdered, root +long, glabrous.</p> + +<p><b>conigena</b>, Pers. 1-2 cm. exp. subumb. glabrous, reddish-yellow +or pale; g. free, much crowded, pallid; s. 3-7 cm. pulverulent, +pallid, base strigose, rooting; sp. 4-5 × 3.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. tenacella</i> and <i>C. esculenta</i> in free, crowded, +narrow gills.</p> + +<p>var. <i>lutea</i>, Vogl. P. yellow; g. densely crowded, white.</p> + +<p><b>cirrhata</b>, Fr. 1-1.5 cm. exp. at length umbilicate, silky, opaque, +white; g. adnate; s. 2-5 cm. slender, wavy, whitish, with a downy +root; sp. 4-5 × 2-3.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. conigena</i> in adnate gills, and from <i>C. tuberosa</i> +in downy rooting stem not springing from a sclerotium.</p> + +<p><b>tuberosa</b>, Bull. P. about 1 cm. white, exp. umb. even; g. +adnate; s. 1.5-4 cm. thin, white, root glabrous and springing +from a sclerotium; sp. 4-6 × 2-3.</p> + +<p><b>racemosa</b>, Pers. P. up to 1 cm. convex, papillate, grey, subtomentose; +g. adnate; s. 3-5 cm. base dark, springing from a +blackish sclerotium; several minute stems with abortive pilei often +spring from the stem; sp. ——.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">III. <span class="smcap">Laevipes</span>. <i>Stem thin, equal, fistulose, naked, +glabrous (except base), not conspicuously striate.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Gills broad, lax, usually more or less distant.</i></div> + +<p><b>collina</b>, Scop. P. 2-5 cm. exp. umb., brownish then pale; +g. adnexed then free; s. 6-10 cm. equal, even, glabrous, base +abrupt, downy; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[Pg 52]</a></span></p><p><b>thelephora</b>, Cke. and Mass. P. 2-3 cm. camp. lax, umb. +apiculate, dingy ochraceous, disc darker; g. adnate; s. 6-10 cm. +equal, hollow, glabrous, base dark; sp. 9 × 7.</p> + +<p><b>ventricosa</b>, Bull. P. 2-3 cm. camp. umb. glabrous, pale +tan; g. with rufous tinge; s. 6-10 cm. rufescent, base ventricose, +rooting; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. dryophila</i> in ventricose, rooting stem.</p> + +<p><b>leucomyosotis</b>, Cke. Strong scented, rather fragrant. P. +2-3 cm. exp. grey then paler; g. adnate, sinuate, white; s. +8-12 cm. equal, brittle, pallid; sp. 6 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>Stevensoni</b>, B. and Br. P. 1-1.5 cm. obtuse, viscid, pale +yellow; g. broadly adnate, broad, white; s. 2-3 cm. rufous, equal, +fibrillose, rooting; sp. 10-11 × 7-8.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. esculenta</i> in broad, adnate gills.</p> + +<p><b>psathyroides</b>, Cke. Ivory white. P. 1.5-2 cm. broad and +nearly 2.5 cm. high, camp. obtuse, rather viscid; g. broadly adnate, +broad; s. 6-10 cm. equal, straight, hollow; sp. 15 × 7.</p> + +<p><b>xanthopoda</b>, Fr. P. 2.5 cm. exp. umb. glabrous, lax, yellow or +tan colour then pale; g. truncate behind; s. 6-10 cm. equal, +hollow, tough, glabrous, yellowish, strigosely rooting; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. dryophila</i> in umbo, broad gills, and strigosely +rooting stem.</p> + +<p><b>nitellina</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. exp. even, shining, tawny, hygroph.; +g. adnate, white then tinted; s. 5-8 cm. equal, rigid, glabrous, +tawny; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>succinea</b>, Fr. P. 2-2.5 cm. even, exp. then subdepressed, +pale rufous, often cracked; g. adnexed, broad, thickish, serrulate; +s. 2-4 cm. polished, rufescent, not rooting; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. dryophila</i> by broader, thicker, less crowded +gills, and from <i>C. xanthopoda</i> by absence of an umbo.</p> + +<p><b>nummularia</b>, Bull. P. 2-3 cm. exp. subdepressed round +small umbo, pallid; g. free; s. 3-5 cm. glabrous, pallid, apex +thickened; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>esculenta</b>, Wulf. P. 1-2 cm. orbicular, exp. obtuse, glabrous, +pallid tan; g. adnate, lax, whitish; s. 2.5 cm. indistinctly hollow, +even, polished, yellowish tan, rooting, base glabrous; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><i>C. tenacella</i> differs in fibrillose rooting base, and snow-white gills.</p> + +<p><b>tenacella</b>, Pers. P. 1.5-2 cm. exp. subumb. even, glabrous, +brownish then pale; g. broad, snow-white; s. 5-10 cm. narrowly +fistulose, straight, even, glabrous, tawny, long root strigose; sp. +5-6 × 3.</p> + +<p>var. <i>stolonifer</i>, Jungh. P. springing from a long, creeping, cord-like +mycelium.</p> + +<p><b>eustygia</b>, Cke. Smell of rancid meal. P. 2-4 cm. exp. subdepr. +often wavy, whitish, shining when dry; g. dark grey; s. 4-7 cm. +white above and sprinkled with pointed scales; darker below, rooting; +sp. subgl. 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>rhodella</b>, Pat. P. thin, convexo-plane, reddish-brown, disc +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[Pg 53]</a></span>rugulose, edge striate; g. adnate, distant, white, tinged pink; s. +tinged brown, twisted, wavy.</p> + +<p><b>retigera</b>, Bres. P. 3-6 cm. campan.-exp. umb. dry, glabrous, +fuscous-grey then pale, centre somewhat tawny, raised veins forming +a network on the surface; g. broad, edge paler, fimbriate; s. +4-6 cm. pallid, whitish fibrillose, often compressed, somewhat +rooting; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>plumipes</b>, Kalchb. P. campan. exp. subumb. slightly innato-fibrillose, +livid fuscous, shining; g. broad, white; s. glabrous, +white, base fibrilloso-strigose.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. conigena</i> in glabrous s. and broad g.</p> + +<p>[<b>planipes</b>, Brig. Caespitose. P. orbicular, exp. rather viscid, +bay; g. free; s. colour of p., rooting.</p> + +<p>[<b>Gussonei</b>, Inzeng. P. convex, subumb., rather striate, brick-red, +edge dingy yellow; g. adnate, broad, crimson; s. compr. +ochre with a crimson zone.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills narrow, crowded.</i></div> + +<p><b>acervata</b>, Fr. Caespitose. P. 4-7 cm. exp. obtuse, then umb., +reddish then pale; g. free, narrow, closely crowded; s. 4-9 cm. equal, +glabrous, rufous, base downy, rooting; sp. 7-8 × 3.5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. confluens</i> in glabrous stem, and from <i>Marasmius +erythropus</i> in narrow, closely crowded gills.</p> + +<p><b>dryophila</b>, Bull. P. 2.5 cm. obtuse, then subdepr. reddish or +pale tan, even; g. sinuate, crowded, narrow; s. 2-4 cm. hollow, +glabrous, rufescent or yellowish; sp. 7-8 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>aquosa</b>, Fr. Every part honey-colour. P. 2-2.5 cm. obtuse, +hygr. margin striate; g. rounded and free, crowded; s. 3-6 cm. +polished, surface slightly wavy; sp. 6 × 4.</p> + +<p>var. <i>Bulliardii</i>. P. reddish ochre then pale; s. tawny.</p> + +<p><b>extuberans</b>, Fr. P. 2-3.5 cm. exp. umb. prominent, bay or +umber; g. crowded, narrow; s. 4-7 cm. equal, straight, glabrous, +pallid, rooting; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>exsculpta</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. exp. umbilicate, persistently tawny +brown; g. closely crowded, sulphur-yellow; s. 2-3 cm. yellow; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>luteifolia</b>, Gill. P. exp. edge lobed, irreg. reddish or cinnamon; +g. sulphur yellow; s. glabrous, colour of p.</p> + +<p>[<b>cinnamomaeifolia</b>, Gill. P. convex, subdepr. with a slight +umbo, whitish yellow; g. crowded, pale cinnamon; s. reddish.</p> + +<p><b>macilenta</b>, Fr. Entirely yellow. P. 2-2.5 cm. obtuse, even, +glabrous; g. linear; s. minutely fistulose, glabrous, tough, rooting, +2-3 cm.; sp. 5-6 × 3.</p> + +<p><b>clavus</b>, L. P. 2-6 mm. obtuse, even, orange-red, shining; g. +crowded, white; s. 1.5-2.5 cm. very slender, whitish, glabrous; +sp. 4 × 2.5.</p> + +<p><i>Mycena acicula</i> differs in yellow gills and rooting stem.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[Pg 54]</a></span></p><p><b>ocellata</b>, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. exp. disc depr. round pale small +umbo, rufous or yellowish; g. crowded, white; s. 3-5 cm. slender, +tough, glabrous, tinged fuscous, base rooting, fibrillose; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Distinguished from <i>C. cirrhata</i> by glabrous stem.</p> + +<p>[<b>floridula</b>, Fr. P. exp. obtuse, slightly striate, tinged flesh +colour then pale; g. pale rose colour; s. pellucid, white.</p> + +<p>[<b>Micheliana</b>, Fr. Pure white. P. obtuse, margin slightly striate; +g. adnexed, crowded; s. thin, glabrous, base slightly thickened.</p> + +<p><b>muscigena</b>, Schum. Pure white. P. 2-4 mm. obtuse, even; g. +adnate; s. 1.5-2.5 cm. very slender, wavy, equal, glabrous; sp. +——.</p> + +<p>Known from small sp. of <i>Mycena</i> by the broadly adnate gills and +even pileus.</p> + +<p>[<b>ludia</b>, Fr. Pure white. P. subumb. exp. revolute, undulate and +irreg. lobed, even; g. rather distant; s. slender, wavy, naked, root +creeping, branched, fibrillose.</p> + +</li></ol></li></ol></li><li><div class="key">B. <i>Gills grey.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">IV. <span class="smcap">Tephrophanae</span>. <i>Brown or greyish.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Gills crowded, rather narrow.</i></div> + +<p><b>rancida</b>, Fr. Smell strong. P. 2-5 cm. umb. dusky grey with +a white silkiness; g. free, narrow, grey; s. 7-12 cm. glabrous, grey, +rooting; sp. 7-10 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>Distinguished among strong-smelling species by the rooting stem.</p> + +<p>[<b>ignobilis</b>, Karst. P. plane, subdepr. edge spreading, livid, hoary, +pale when dry; g. crowded, dingy pallid; s. livid, floccosely pruinose; +sp. 7-8 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>daemonica</b>, Karst. P. convex then exp. subumb. glabrous, +rather virgate, livid fuscous, disc blackish, pale when dry; g. adnate, +crowded, smoky, blackish when bruised; s. equal, glabrous, wavy, +fibrillosely striate, pallid, apex white flocculose; sp. 8-10 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>coracina</b>, Fr. Smell strong. P. 2-3 cm. exp. naked, hygr. +brownish then grey; g. greyish-white; s. 2-3 cm. hollow, rigid, +not rooting, brown, apex mealy-squamulose; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. rancida</i> in the short stem thickened at base, +and not rooting; <i>C. ozes</i> differs from present in long, slender, +flexuous stem.</p> + +<p><b>ozes</b>, Fr. Smell strong. P. 3-5 cm. exp. umb. naked, glabrous, +hygr. margin striate, greyish brown; g. adnexed, grey then olive; +s. 6-10 cm. subflexuous, slender, fragile, slightly striate, grey, apex +with white meal; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><i>C. rancida</i> differs in free gills and rooting stem.</p> + +<p>[<b>mephitica</b>, Fr. Smell strong. P. exp. subumb. even, adpressedly +innately silky, whitish; g. obtusely adnate, crowded, +whitish; s. filiform, obsoletely fistulose, tough, grey, pruinosely +velvety.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[Pg 55]</a></span></p><p><b>inolens</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. exp. umb. glabrous, livid or pale +tan; g. adnexed, greyish-white; s. 5-9 cm. livid, undulate, base +white-strigose, apex white squamulose; sp. 7-8 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><i>C. plexipes</i> and <i>C. protracta</i> differ in having the stem glabrous +at the apex.</p> + +<p><b>plexipes</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. camp. rather rugulose, slightly striate, +glabrous, sooty; g. free; s. 5-7 cm. livid, silky fibrillose, rooting; +sp. 8-9 × 5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. protracta</i> in free gills.</p> + +<p>[<b>miser</b>, Fr. P. subumb. glabrous, margin striate; g. adnate, +grey; s. fuscous, apex mealy.</p> + +<p>[<b>atramentosa</b>, Kalchb. P. exp. subumb. rugulose, livid then +sooty, flesh black; g. narrow, becoming blackish; s. naked, colour +of p.</p> + +<p>[<b>fuliginaria</b>, Weinm. P. fuscous, with down; g. glaucous; +s. fuscous, flocculose.</p> + +<p><b>atrata</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. pitch-black then brown, even, exp. or +depr. margin arched; g. adnate; s. 2-2.5 cm. even, glabrous, brown +outside and inside; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>ambusta</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. exp. papillate, slightly striate, glabrous, +livid brown; g. adnate, tinged fuscous; s. 1.5-2 cm. somewhat +stuffed, tough, livid; sp. 5-6 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. atrata</i> in umbonate pileus.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills very broad, more or less distant.</i></div> + +<p><b>lacerata</b>, Lasch. P. 2.5-3.5 cm. camp. moist, streaked dark +brown on pale ground; g. adnexed, broad, thick, greyish; s. 5-9 cm. +twisted, fibrous, apex floccose; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>phalliodorus</b>, Alex. Foetid, convex, subumbilicate, at length +lobed, dingy ochraceous; g. adnate, white; s. glabrous.</p> + +<p><b>murina</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. exp. umbilicate, glabrous then rugulosely +squamulose, dark brown then pale; g. slightly adnexed, broad; +s. 5-7 cm. hollow, cylindrical, not rooting, grey; sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p>Somewhat resembling <i>C. atrata</i>, differing in very broad almost +free gills.</p> + +<p>[<b>glacialis</b>, Fr. P. watery, fragile, obtuse, dusky fuscous then +pale; g. free, grey; s. grey, naked.</p> + +<p><b>protracta</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. exp. shining, disc fleshy, depressed, +subpapillate, greyish brown, margin striate; g. broad, grey; s. 5-7 cm. +glabrous, root long fibrillosely strigose; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>tesquorum</b>, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. plane, obtuse, even, blackish then +pale; g. free, greyish brown; s. 3-5 cm. thin, brown, apex pruinose; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>cessans</b>, Karst. P. exp. then depr. glabrous, striate, pallid +fuscous then pale and hoary, sublubricous; g. adnate, then adnato-decur. +connected by veins, whitish; s. solid, pallid, apex pruinose.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[Pg 56]</a></span></p><p><b>clusilis</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. exp. umbilicate, glabrous, hygr. livid +then pale; g. arcuately adfixed, semicircular, broad; s. 2-4 cm. +glabrous, pallid, not rooting; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. tylicolor</i> and <i>C. nummularia</i> in umbilicate pileus, +and decurrent tooth to gills.</p> + +<p>[<b>erosa</b>, Fr. P. exp. striate, hygr. silky when dry, grey; g. broadly +emarginate, greyish; s. greyish-white, glabrous.</p> + +<p><b>tylicolor</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. exp. subumb. even, glabrous, bluish-grey, +with white meal when young; g. free, distant, broad, grey; +s. 2-3 cm. pulverulent, grey; sp. ——.</p> +</li></ol></li></ol></li></ol> + +<p class="center"><i>Introduced species.</i></p> + +<p><b>Dorotheae</b>, B. P. 2 cm. globose then exp. subumb. dark brown +then paler, sulcate, squarroso-setulose; g. white, distant; s. 5-6 cm. +slender, minutely discoid at base, granulated like pileus and beset +with white bristles.</p> + +<p><b>caldarii</b>, B. P. 1 cm. hemispherical, umb. brown, rugose; g. +grey; s. 4-5 cm. pale grey, cartilaginous; sp. ——.</p> + + +<h3>MARASMIUS, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">A. <span class="smcap">Collybia</span>. <i>Margin of pileus incurved at first. +Stem cartilaginous; mycelium floccose.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">I. <span class="smcap">Scortei</span>. <i>Stem solid, or stuffed then hollow, fibrous +inside; outside villose over the cartilaginous cortex. +Gills becoming free.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Base of stem strigosely woolly.</i></div> + +<p><b>urens</b>, Fr. P. Acrid. 4-7 cm. exp. glabrous, even, pinkish buff, +pale when dry; g. free, becoming brownish, at length remote; s. +5-7 cm. everywhere covered with white farinose down; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p>The acrid taste separates this sp. from <i>M. oreades</i>.</p> + +<p>[<b>subannulatus</b>, Trog. P. plane or depr. even, yellowish; g. +adnate, reddish then brownish; s. with an incomplete ring about the +middle, base with white down.</p> + +<p><b>peronatus</b>, Fr. Acrid. P. exp. reddish brown, then tan colour, +becoming lacunose, margin striate; g. adnexed, seceding, pallid then +rufescent; s. 3-5 cm. villosely downy, lower portion coarsely strigose, +yellowish; sp. 10 × 6-7.</p> + +<p><b>porreus</b>, Fr. Smell of garlic. P. 2-5 cm. dingy yellowish then +paler, striate, disc even, flaccid; g. distant, firm, yellow then pale; +s. 2-4 cm. reddish-brown, pubescent; sp. subgl. 4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>M. prasiosmus</i> in yellowish gills and stem everywhere +pubescent.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[Pg 57]</a></span></p><p>[<b>mulleus</b>, Fr. Mild. P. plane or depr. even, yellow brown then +paler; g. citrin; s. bay towards fusiform rooting base, with a purplish +tomentose ring.</p> + +<p>[<b>Queletii</b>, Schulz. White. P. diaphanous, umb.; g. free, white; +s. stuffed; with grey rooting mycelium.</p> + +<p>[<b>foeniculaceus</b>, Fr. P. tough, convex-umb. then plano-depr. +pallid then white; g. broad, thick, adnex. distant, whitish; s. fibrous, +glabrous, base abrupt, with rufous fibres. Used as a condiment.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Base of stem naked, often formed of twisted fibres.</i></div> + +<p><b>oreades</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. subumb. glabrous, brownish then pale; +g. free, broad, distant, pale; s. 3-6 cm. pallid, everywhere with a +downy surface; sp. 8 × 5. Edible.</p> + +<p>[<b>globularis</b>, Fr. P. globose campan. umb. hygrophanous, pellucidly +striate; g. free, white then dingy; s. pulverulent, white.</p> + +<p><b>plancus</b>, Fr. P. 2-... cm. pliant, plane or depr. even, rufescent +then pale; g. narrow, tinged ochraceous-brown; s. 3-5 cm. with +white down, base narrowed, naked; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>M. oreades</i> in narrower, darker coloured gills.</p> + +<p>[<b>pyramidalis</b>, Fr. P. umb. shining, dingy brown then pale; +g. arcuately adnexed, white then reddish; s. narrowed upwards, +flocculose, whitish, rooting.</p> + +<p><b>scorteus</b>, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. pallid, exp. obtuse, even, wrinkled; +g. broad, distant, white; s. 2-4 cm. obsoletely hollow, equal, tinged +fuscous, glabrous, apex slightly mealy; sp. 8 × 6.</p> + +<p>Resembling <i>M. oreades</i>, but smaller and stem glabrous.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">II. <span class="smcap">Tergini</span>. <i>Stem rooting, distinctly tubular, not fibrous, +evidently cartilaginous. Gills becoming free.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Stem woolly below, glabrous above.</i></div> + +<p><b>prasiosmus</b>, Fr. Smell of garlic. P. 1.5-2 cm. pale yellow or +whitish disc, often darker, wrinkled, g. adnexed; s. 4-7 cm. pallid +and glabrous above, thickened and subtomentose below and brownish; +sp. 14-15 × 7.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>M. porreus</i> in white gills and estriate pileus.</p> + +<p><b>varicosus</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-3 cm. reddish brown, plane or depr. wavy, +subumb. darker when dry; g. closely crowded, very narrow; s. +5-8 cm. reddish, with red juice, base with reddish down; sp. 4 × 3.</p> + +<p><b>fuscopurpureus</b>, Fr. 2-2.5 cm. exp. often umbilicate, purplish +brown then pale; g. attached to collar then free, tinged reddish; +s. 2.5-7 cm. dry, dingy purple, base with reddish down; sp. 4-3.</p> + +<p><b>terginus</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. exp. obtuse, shining, reddish, then +pale, striate at margin; g. narrow, free; s. 5-8 cm. glabrous, shining, +pallid, reddish below with white down, rooting; sp. 6-7 × 4.</p> + +<p>Much like <i>M. prasiosmus</i> and <i>M. porreus</i>, differing from both in +absence of smell.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">[Pg 58]</a></span></p><p>[<b>gelidus</b>, Q. P. campan. exp. thin, rugosely striate, pruinose, +translucent; g. free, hyaline or tinged rose; s. filiform, striate, pruinosely-pubescent, +base cottony, recurved; sp. 7-8.</p> + +<p>[<b>putillus</b>, Fr. P. rufescent then tan; g. rufous, margin paler, +entire; s. short, rufescent, abrupt base with white down.</p> + +<p>[<b>carpathicus</b>, Kalchb. P. exp. subumb. rather viscid, brownish, +hygr. edge striatulate; g. rotundato-adnexed, pallid; s. even, naked +above, pallid, rest bay, white downy base rooting.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Stem (at least when dry) everywhere pruinosely velvety.</i></div> + +<p><b>Wynnei</b>, B. and Br. P. 2.5-4 cm. soon plane, subumb. lilac-brown; +g. adnexed, lilac; s. 3-6 cm. paler than p., scurfy; 7-8 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>erythropus</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. obtuse, even, then rugulose, pallid; +g. broad, lax, pallid, connected by veins; s. 5-8 cm. hollow, striate, +glabrous, dark red, base with white down; sp. 8-10 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>Collybia acervata</i> by the broad distant gills.</p> + +<p>[<b>dispar</b>, Fr. P. subumb. whitish, margin striate; g. nearly free, +crowded, narrow; s. purplish-brown, pruinose, base with white down.</p> + +<p><b>archyropus</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. plane or depr. glabrous, pallid; +g. crowded, linear, pallid; s. 6-10 cm. rigid, straight, pale rufescent, +coated with white down, base similar; sp. subgl. 4-5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>M. terginus</i> in tufted habit, and from <i>M. prasiosmus</i> +in absence of smell.</p> + +<p><b>torquescens</b>, Q. P. 1-1.5 cm. plane, rugosely striate, pallid; +g. free; s. 4-5 cm. brown, minutely velvety, apex pale and glabrous; +sp. 5 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>impudicus</b>, Fr. Smell foetid. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. rugulosely striate, +reddish bay, then pale; g. tinged red then pale; s. 3-5 cm. equal, +purplish, covered with white down when dry, base naked, rooting; +sp. 8 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>M. foetidus</i> in free gills.</p> + +<p>[<b>saxatilis</b>, Fr. P. depr. striate, reddish; g. adnate, white; +s. glabrous, apex pruinose, reddish.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">III. <span class="smcap">Calopodes</span>. <i>Stem short, not rooting, entering matrix +abruptly, often with a small floccose tubercle at base. +Gills adnate then subdecur. when p. expands.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Stem very glabrous upwards, shining, base simple.</i></div> + +<p><b>scorodonius</b>, Fr. Smell of garlic. P. 1.5-2 cm. soon plane, +dry, rufous then pale, wrinkled; g. adnate, whitish; s. 2.5-4 cm. +equal, everywhere glabrous, shining, rufous; sp. 6 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>calopus</b>, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. exp. even then wrinkled, glabrous, +whitish; g. emarginately adnexed; s. 2-2.5 cm. even, glabrous, bay, +shining, not rooting; 7 × 4.</p> + +<p>Habit of <i>M. scorodonius</i>, but no smell.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[Pg 59]</a></span></p><p><b>Vaillantii</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. depr. plicately rugose, whitish; +g. broad, subdecurrent; s. 2-2.5 cm. glabrous, bay, apex paler and +thickened; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p><i>M. impudicus</i> differs in purplish stem with white down when +dry. <i>M. foetidus</i> differs in strong smell.</p> + +<p><b>angulatus</b>, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. soon exp. at length folded and +angular, whitish or tinge of tawny; g. distant; s. 2-3 cm. greyish +rufescent, thickened at both ends; sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p>Closely resembling <i>M. Curreyi</i> and <i>M. graminum</i>; differs from +former in ventricose gills not attached to a collar; from the latter in +the gills not being attached to a collar. <i>M. calopus</i> differs in the +shining, bay stem.</p> + +<p>[<b>Kirchneri</b>, Thurn. P. often umb. pallid whitish brown; g. subdecur. +distant, whitish fuscous; s. filiform, glabrous, brown.</p> + +<p><b>languidus</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. umbil. flocculose, rugosely sulcate, +whitish tinged yellow or flesh colour; g. narrow; s. 2-3 cm. +thickened upwards, pale, naked, base tawny; sp. 6-7 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>rubricatus</b>, Mass. P. up to 1 cm. soon plane, whitish tinged +red; g. adnexed, white then brownish; s. 1-2 cm. slender, incurved, +hollow; sp. 6 × 3.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Stem velvety pruinose, base subtuberculose.</i></div> + +<p><b>foetidus</b>, Fr. Foetid. P. 2-3 cm. exp. and umbil. or wavy, +striato-plicate, tawny bay or rufous, pruinose when dry; g. rufescent +with a yellow tinge; s. 2-3 cm. hollow, bay, minutely velvety; +sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>inodorus</b>, Pat. P. thin, exp. reddish brown with adpr. silky +down; g. adnate, crowded, whitish; s. blackish red, apex pale, +entirely covered with white bloom.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>M. foetidus</i> in absence of smell.</p> + +<p>[<b>xerotoides</b>, Tr. P. umbilicate, umber, striate; g. broadly adnate, +becoming greyish; s. velvety, base thickened, strigose.</p> + +<p>[<b>lagopinus</b>, Fr. P. convex, even, glabrous, pallid; g. adnate, +pallid; s. pallid, white floccose half way up, apex naked.</p> + +<p><b>amadelphus</b>, Fr. P. 3-4 mm. soon plane, disc slightly pruinose, +margin at length striate, pale reddish-yellow; g. broadly adnate, +broad; s. pallid, bay below, slightly pruinose 1-1.5 cm.; sp. 4 × 2.5.</p> + +<p>var. <i>insignis</i>. G. very distant, pale umber.</p> + +<p><b>ramealis</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 mm. opaque, rugulose, not striate, white, +disc often tinged rufescent; g. rather distant, narrow, white, adnate; +s. 1 cm. white, mealy, base darker; sp. 4 × 2.</p> + +<p><b>candidus</b>, Bolt. Entirely white. P. up to 0.5 cm. pellucid, +wrinkled, naked; g. adnexed; s. 1-2 cm. whitish, slightly pruinose, +base tinged brownish; sp. 4 × 2.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_60" id="Page_60">[Pg 60]</a></span></p> +</li></ol></li></ol></li><li><div class="key">B. <span class="smcap">Mycena</span>. <i>Stem horny, fistulose but often with a +pith, tough, dry, mycelium rhizomorphoid, cortex not +floccose, edge of pileus straight and adpressed to stem +at first.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">I. <span class="smcap">Chordales</span>. <i>Stem rigid, rooting, or adnate by a +dilated base.</i></div> + +<p><b>alliaceus</b>, Fr. Smell of garlic. P. 2.4 cm. subumb. even then +striate or sulcate, greyish; g. free; s. 6-10 cm. minutely velvety, +blackish; sp. 14-16 × 8.</p> + +<p><b>molyoides</b>, Fr. Smell somewhat unpleasant. P. soon plane, +even, brownish then pale; g. free, crowded, white; s. tall, hollow, +glabrous, blackish brown.</p> + +<p>[<b>chordalis</b>, Fr. P. plicate, brownish; g. adnato-decurrent, white; +s. elongated, straight, velvety, blackish brown, stuffed, rooting.</p> + +<p><b>cauticinalis</b>, Fr. P. about 1 cm. yellowish, even then striato-sulcate; +g. adnato-decur. connected by veins, yellow; s. 3-6 cm. +flocculose, bay, paler and mealy upwards; sp. 7 × 3-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>schizopus</b>, Secr. P. very thin, campan. plicato-sulcate, whitish; +g. thick, distant, white, with a collar; s. whitish, base a darker +dilated tubercle.</p> + +<p>[<b>torquatus</b>, Fr. P. campan. sulcate, whitish; g. thick, attached +to a collar; s. whitish, with a darker tubercular dilated base.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">II. <span class="smcap">Rotulae</span>. <i>Stem filiform, flaccid, base entering +matrix abruptly.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Stem very glabrous, shining.</i></div> + +<p><b>rotula</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 mm. umbilicate, plicate, whitish or disc +slightly tinged; g. attached to a free collar encircling the stem; +s. 2-4 cm. glabrous, blackish, shining; sp. 6 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>[<b>littoralis</b>, Q. P. umbil. plicate, white; g. free, distant; s. horny, +umber, apex pale, base downy.</p> + +<p><b>graminum</b>, Berk. P. up to 1 cm. umb. striate or sulcate, pale +rufous, disc darker; g. attached to a collar encircling stem, few in +number; s. 2-4 cm. black, shining, glabrous, apex paler; sp. +subgl. 3-4.</p> + +<p>[<b>epodius</b>, Bres. P. convexo-campan. exp. usually umb. and depr. +edge at first incurved, sulcate, centre usually reticulated, reddish-yellow +then pale; g. free, white then yellowish; s. very glabrous, +rufescent then bay, apex hyaline, base bulbillose substrigose; sp. +20-28 × 2.5-4.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">[Pg 61]</a></span></p><p>[<b>Menieri</b>, Boud. P. 1-3 mm. excentric, broadly subumb. +punctulate tawny; g. fold-like, few, branched, paler than p.; s. +curved, tawny, base black; sp. 18-25 × 5-7.</p> + +<p>[<b>faveolaris</b>, Fr. P. sulcate, exp. disc coloured; g. attached to +a ring, anastomosing to form cells; s. glabrous, subulate, bay below.</p> + +<p><b>androsaceus</b>, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. whitish, umbilicate striate; +g. adnate to stem; s. 3-6 cm. black, glabrous, polished; sp. 7 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>[<b>sclerotipes</b>, Bres. P. thin, convex, edge incurved then plane, +ruguloso-striate, shining white, umbil. yellowish, subflocculose; g. +distant, adnate, white, edge fimbriate; s. filiform, tinged rufescent +downwards, adnate to a rufescent sclerotium.</p> + +<p>Passed as <i>Collybia cirrhata</i> very frequently. The latter differs +in not springing from a sclerotium. <i>Collybia tuberosa</i> differs in +growing on fungi.</p> + +<p>[<b>Bulliardi</b>, Q. P. plicate, dingy yellow brown; g. whitish; +s. bay.</p> + +<p><b>splachnoides</b>, Fr. Inodorous. P. up to 1 cm. whitish, subumbilicate, +striate; g. subdecurrent; s. 2-4 cm. polished, reddish-brown; +sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p>Similar in habit to <i>M. perforans</i>, but no smell, and white subdecurrent +gills.</p> + +<p>[<b>limosus</b>, Q. Very minute. P. plicate, diaphanous, whitish; +s. capillary, brownish.</p> + +<p><b>flosculus</b>, Q. P. white, umbil. sulcate; g. adnate, white; s. short, +incurved, bay, apex pale.</p> + +<p><b>Curreyi</b>, B. & Br. P. up to 1 cm. pale rufous, coarsely striate, +umb. tawny; g. attached to collar; s. 2-3 cm. polished, blackish, +apex white; sp. 9 × 5-6.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Stem velvety or pilose.</i></div> + +<p><b>perforans</b>, Fr. Foetid. P. up to 1 cm. whitish or tinged rufous, +plane, not striate, rugulose; g. adnate; s. 2-3 cm. minutely velvety, +blackish brown; sp. 4 × 3.</p> + +<p><b>insititius</b>, Fr. Inodorous. P. 1-1.5 cm. subumbilicate, at +length plicate, pale yellow-brown then whitish; g. broadly adnate, +simple, unequal, distant; s. 2-3 cm. floccose or scurfy, reddish-brown; +sp. 4 × 2.5.</p> + +<p><b>Hudsoni</b>, Pers. P. 2-3 mm. rugulose, tinged brown, covered +with spreading purplish hairs; g. white; s. 1-1.5 cm. with hairs +like the pileus; sp. 5 × 3.</p> + +<p>[<b>buxi</b>, Fr. P. sulcate, minutely squamulose, tawny; g. few; +s. blackish purple, pilose below, glabrous above.</p> + +<p><b>epichloe</b>, Fr. P. 4-5 mm. plane, papillate, even, whitish, disc +darker; g. broadest behind; s. 2-3 cm. bay, coarsely striate, striae +setulose; sp. 3 × 2.</p> + +<p><b>actinophorus</b>, B. & Br. P. 2-3 mm. umbilicate, pale bay with +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62">[Pg 62]</a></span>darker radiating lines, wrinkled when dry; g. adnexed; s. 1-2 cm. +paler than pileus; sp. subgl. 3-4.</p> + +<p><b>saccharinus</b>, Batsch. P. 2-4 mm. subpapillate, glabrous, sulcate, +whitish; g. broadly adnate, connected by veins; s. 1.5-2.5 cm. +reddish, minutely flocculose, then almost glabrous; sp. 5 × 3.</p> + +<p>Resembling <i>M. polyadelphus</i>, but not clustered, and papillate +pileus.</p> + +<p><b>epiphyllus</b>, Fr. P. 4-6 cm. umbilicate, wrinkled, white; g. +adnate, distant, veined; s. 3-5 cm. bay, minutely velvety, apex pale; +sp. 3 × 2.</p> + +</li></ol></li></ol></li><li><div class="key">C. <span class="smcap">Apus</span>. <i>Pileus sessile, resupinate.</i></div> + +<p><b>spodoleucus</b>, B. & Br. P. 4-5 mm. shell-shaped, resupinate, +sessile, grey, slightly pulverulent; gills few, white.</p> + +<p>[<b>recubans</b>, Q. P. hemisph. sulcate, white; g. white; s. capillary, +villose, brown.</p> +</li></ol> + +<h3>LACTARIUS, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Milk yellow, acrid.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>resimus</b>, Fr. P. fleshy, umbil. then infundib. even, glabrous, +viscid, white or pallid, edge incurved and tomentose then spreading +and naked; g. decur. white; s. stout, hollow, villose; milk +soon sulphur colour; sp. 8-10 × 6-7.</p> + +<p><b>scrobiculatus</b>, Scop. P. 10-20 cm. yellowish, depr. zoneless, +incurved margin fibrillose; g. decur. whitish; s. 4-8 cm. stout, +yellow, pitted; milk soon sulphur yellow; sp. subgl. echin. 7-8. +(10-12 × 8-9 Sacc.)</p> + +<p><b>chrysorrheus</b>, Fr. P. 4-6 cm. umbil. then infundib. pale +yellowish flesh colour, zoned; g. yellowish; s. white, 3-4 cm.; +milk white then golden yellow; sp. 6-7.</p> + +<p><b>intermedius</b>, Kromb. P. 10-14 cm. infundib. viscid, ochraceous, +incurved margin tomentose at first; g. decur.; s. 3-5 cm. +stout, yellowish, pitted; milk soon yellowish; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. scrobiculatus</i> in infundibiliform pileus.</p> + +<p><b>theiogalus</b>, Bull. P. 3-6 cm. depr. viscid, tawny rufous; g. +pale rufescent; s. 3-5 cm. colour of p.; milk white then sulphur +yellow, becoming acrid; sp. 7-8.</p> + +<p>Agrees with <i>L. chrysorrheus</i> in yellow milk, but differs in +tawny rufous stem.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Milk violet.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Milk acrid.</i></div> + +<p><b>aspideus</b>, Fr. Dingy straw colour. P. 5-9 cm. zoneless, +convex then depr. at first with white down; g. narrow, thickish; +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63">[Pg 63]</a></span>s. 5-7 cm. glabrous, dry; milk white soon becoming lilac; sp. +echin. 8-10.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. uvidus</i> in narrow gills.</p> + +<p><b>uvidus</b>, Fr. P. 3-7 cm. thin, depr. zoneless, dingy tan; g. +broad, white; s. 5-8 cm. viscid, pallid; milk white soon lilac; +sp. 9-10. (5-6 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>[<b>flavidus</b>, Boud. P. exp. viscid pale primrose yellow; g. +whitish; s. solid, white with yellow tinge; milk white then deep +violet; sp. 6-7.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Milk sweet.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>violascens</b>, Fr. P. depr. glabrous, grey with darker zones; +g. white; s. solid, greyish white; milk violet.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">*** <i>Milk reddish, saffron, or brownish.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Milk acrid.</i></div> + +<p><b>deliciosus</b>, Fr. P. 7-12 cm. convex, umbil. dusky orange, +zoned; g. subdecurrent, orange; s. 3-6 cm. smooth; milk saffron +red; sp. 9-10 × 7-8. Every part becoming red then greenish when +bruised; sp. 7-10. Edible.</p> + +<p>[<b>flammeolus</b>, Fr. P. subumb. not zoned, flame coloured; g. +adnate, yellow; s. hollow, pale orange; milk reddish, slowly acrid.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. mitissimus</i> in red milk.</p> + +<p><b>acris</b>, Fr. P. 6-7 cm. soon infundib. viscid, sooty grey; g. +pale yellow; s. often excentric, pallid, narrowed below; milk white +then reddish; sp. 8-9 × 6-8.</p> + +<p><b>fuliginosus</b>, Fr. P. 4-9 cm. soon depr. obtuse, even, at first +with sooty-brown powder, then naked and greyish tan; g. adnate, +white then tan; s. 6-8 cm. stuffed, naked, greyish tan; milk +and flesh white then reddish-yellow; sp. 8-9.</p> + +<p>Distinguished from allies by pileus not being velvety.</p> + +<p>[<b>fuscus</b>, Roll. Caespitose, scented. P. exp. and slightly depr. +round the umb. edge grooved, fibrillose or squamulose, sooty grey +or dingy violet, often zoned; g. forked, pallid then ochre; s. firm +ochre or tinged red, pruinose.</p> + +<p>[<b>argematus</b>, Fr. White. P. thin, exp. glabrous, edge even; +g. adnate, crowded; s. stuffed, short, glabrous; milk slowly acrid, +white then rufescent.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Milk mild.</i></div> + +<p><b>retisporus</b>, Mass. P. 5-8 cm. depr. smoky brown, velvety, +radially rugulose, minutely velvety; g. deeply sinuate, pale ochre; +s. 3-5 cm. glabrous, paler than p.; milk white then brown; sp. +globose, 10-11, with a raised network.</p> + +<p>Close to <i>L. ligniotus</i>, differing especially in the spores.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64">[Pg 64]</a></span></p><p>[<b>sangifluus</b>, Fr. P. depr. even, not zoned, blood-red; s. narrowed +upwards, paler; g. thin, white; milk blood-red; sp. 10.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">**** <i>Milk becoming grey.</i></div> + +<p><b>vietus</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. subumb. then plane and umbil. flesh +colour, pale and silky when dry; g. subdecurrent; 4-6 cm. soon +hollow, livid; milk white then grey, becoming acrid; sp. 7-8.</p> + +<p>[<b>musteus</b>, Fr. P. convex then depr. zoneless, very viscid when +moist, gilvous then pallid; g. closely crowded, whitish; s. short, +whitish; milk scanty, slightly acrid, whitish then grey, as is the +flesh when cut; sp. 6-9.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">***** <i>Milk becoming glaucous-green.</i></div> + +<p><b>glaucescens</b>, Crossl. P. 4-6 cm. whitish, depressed, flesh thick; +g. adnate, narrow, pallid; s. 2.5-3 long by 1.25 thick, whitish; +milk white then glaucous-green; sp. echinulate, 6-7 µ.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">****** <i>Milk persistently white.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Milk mild.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">§ <i>Gills rufescent or yellowish.</i></div> + +<p><b>volemus</b>, Fr. P. 6-10 cm. rigid, depr. obtuse, dry, glabrous, +golden tawny at length minutely broken up; g. decur. crowded, +yellowish; s. 5-9 cm. solid, stout, coloured like p. pruinose; milk +white; sp. 5-6. Edible.</p> + +<p><b>ichoratus</b>, Batsch. P. 6-10 cm. thin, depr. even, glabrous, +wavy, tawny, zoned; g. adnate, white then ochre; s. 3-7 cm. +glabrous, tawny; milk white; sp. 8-10 × 6-7.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. volemus</i> in zoned p. and in being altogether +more slender. <i>L. tithymalinus</i> differs in acrid milk and pinkish +gills.</p> + +<p><b>mitissimus</b>, Fr. P. 2.6 cm. depr. papillate, dry, even, zoneless, +deep orange, shining; g. crowded, paler than p.; s. 3-6 cm. +hollow, orange; milk white; sp. 6-8 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. subdulcis</i> in bright orange, shining p., and +copious milk.</p> + +<p><b>quietus</b>, Fr. Smell oily. P. 5-8 cm. depr. viscid at first, +reddish cinnamon, pale and rather silky when dry; g. paler than +p.; s. 5-8 cm. colour of p. glabrous; milk white; sp. 8-10 × 6-7.</p> + +<p><b>serifluus</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. plane then depr. rather wavy, +glabrous, not zoned, tawny brown, margin incurved; g. crowded, +yellowish; s. 2-4 cm. slightly incurved, paler than p. solid; milk +scanty, watery; sp. 7-8.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. subdulcis</i> in solid stem.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65">[Pg 65]</a></span></p><p><b>camphoratus</b>, Fr. Smell strong, pleasant. P. 3-5 cm. thin, +depr. dry, glabrous, reddish-brown, slightly zoned, rather wavy; g. +adnate, reddish-yellow; s. 2-3 cm. subundulate, colour of p.; milk +white; sp. 8-9.</p> + +<p>Smell strong and fragrant, especially when dry.</p> + +<p><i>L. cimicarius</i> has a very strong smell when quite fresh, but none +when dry.</p> + +<p><b>subumbonatus</b>, Lindgr. P. 2-3 cm. thin, depr. subumb. rugose, +punctate, wavy, dusky cinnamon, flesh grey then yellowish; g. adnate, +pinkish rufous; s. 2-3 cm. stuffed, rufescent; milk watery, whitish; +sp. 5-6. (9, Sacc.)</p> + +<p>Smell foetid when dry.</p> + +<p><b>tomentosus</b>, Otto. P. 5-7 cm. umb. then depr. or infundib. +downy, dingy flesh colour or brownish; g. tinged reddish-yellow; +s. 4-5 cm. soon hollow, pallid, naked, smooth; milk white; sp. +8-9.</p> + +<p><b>helvus</b>, Fr. P. 5-9 cm. fragile, plane, subumb. pale brick red, +broken up into floccose squamules; g. decurrent, soon ochraceous; +s. 5-8 cm. brick red, pruinosely pubescent; milk scanty, white, +rather sweet; sp. 8-9.</p> + +<p><i>L. tomentosus</i> differs in the naked stem.</p> + +<p><b>squalidus</b>, Kromb. P. 2-5 cm. umbil. pale greyish olive or +lurid; g. narrow, yellowish; s. 4-5 cm. solid, equal, glabrous, pale +brown; milk whitish; sp. 6-10.</p> + +<p>About size of <i>L. pyrogalus</i>, but gills narrow and milk mild.</p> + +<p><b>ligniotus</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. exp. umb. plicato-rugulose, pruinosely +velvety, sooty umber; g. adnate, snow-white then tinged +ochre; s. 6-12 cm. colour of p., apex constricted and plicate; +milk white; sp. echinulate, 9-10.</p> + +<p>Known by rugulose pileus and mild milk.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">§§ <i>Gills pallid.</i></div> + +<p><b>pallidus</b>, Fr. P. 6-10 cm. umbil. viscid, pale ochraceous tan, +zoneless; g. crowded, pallid, pruinose; s. 3-5 cm. pallid tan, soon +hollow; milk white; sp. 9-10 × 7-8.</p> + +<p><b>cremor</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. soon plane, minutely punctate, tawny, +margin striate; g. adnate, pallid; s. 3-4 cm. hollow, coloured like +p.; milk whitish, watery; sp. 9-10.</p> + +<p>var. <i>pauper</i>, Karst. P. 7 cm. margin sulcate; milk none; +sp. 10.</p> + +<p>[<b>rubrocinctus</b>, Fr. P. plane, tawny then paler; g. adnate, +pallid; s. pallid with a pale red zone at the apex; milk scanty, +white.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66">[Pg 66]</a></span></p> +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Milk acrid.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">§ <i>Gills whitish or pallid.</i></div> + +<p><b>vellereus</b>, Fr. White. P. 9-18 cm. umbil. tomentose, zoneless; +g. decurrent, distant; s. solid, pubescent, 5-8 cm.; milk scanty, +white; sp. 8 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>piperatus</b>, Fr. White. P. 7-18 cm. thick, firm, umbil. then +infundib. edge erect, glabrous, even; g. decur. crowded, narrow, +forked; s. 3-4 cm. stout, smooth, solid; milk copious, white, acrid; +sp. 8-9.</p> + +<p><b>pergamenus</b>, Fr. White. P. 5-8 cm. plane then depr. wavy, +rugulose; g. adnate, very narrow, horizontal, tinged straw colour; +s. glabrous, discoloured, 7-10 cm.; milk white; sp. 8 × 6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. piperatus</i> in crowded narrow gills, longer stem, +and thinner pileus.</p> + +<p><b>Scoticus</b>, B. and Br. Pallid white, smell pungent. P. 2.4 cm. +soon plane, tomentose then smooth except incurved margin; g. thin, +rather broad; s. 2-3 cm. solid, tinged pink; milk white; sp. 7-8.</p> + +<p><b>involutus</b>, Soppitt. White. P. 2-4 cm. plane or depr. incurved +edge silky; g. subdecurrent, very narrow, densely crowded; +s. 2-2.5 cm. glabrous, solid; milk white; sp. elliptical, 5 × 3.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. scoticus</i> and all known species in the smooth, +elliptical spores.</p> + +<p><b>torminosus</b>, Schaeff. P. 6-9 cm. obt. depr. slightly zoned, +margin strongly involute and shaggy, tinged flesh colour or ochre; +g. subdecur. pale; s. 5-8 cm. paler than p.; milk white; sp. echin. +9-10 × 7-8.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. cilicioides</i> in zoned pileus and white milk.</p> + +<p><b>cilicioides</b>, Fr. P. 5-9 cm. soft, not zoned, exp. and depr. +margin fibrillose, pale flesh colour with rufous tinge; g. decur. +somewhat branched; s. 5-8 cm. stuffed, even, silky, not spotted, +pallid; milk white or faintly tinged yellow; sp. 8 × 6-7, echinulate.</p> + +<p><b>pubescens</b>, Fr. P. 5-8 cm. thin, exp. umbil. zoneless, whitish, +margin pubescent; g. crowded, tinged pink; s. 2-4 cm. pinkish +then pale, narrowed downwards; milk white; sp. echin. 7-8.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. torminosus</i> and <i>L. cilicioides</i> in the margin being +only downy.</p> + +<p><b>insulsus</b>, Fr. P. 6-9 cm. soon infundib. viscid, slightly zoned, +yellowish or reddish, margin naked; g. forked, pallid; s. 3-4 cm. +stuffed then hollow, pallid; milk white; sp. echin. 10 × 8.</p> + +<p><i>L. zonarius</i> differs in the solid stem.</p> + +<p><b>hysginus</b>, Fr. P. 6-10 cm. rigid, umbil. viscid, thin margin +incurved, reddish flesh colour; g. crowded; s. 5-9 cm. stuffed +then hollow; milk white; sp. 10 × 7-8.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_67" id="Page_67">[Pg 67]</a></span></p><p>[<b>luridus</b>, Fr. P. fleshy, almost plane, even, viscid, slightly +zoned, rufous-grey, edge bent down; g. decur. whitish; milk white, +acrid; s. hollow, pallid; sp. 8 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>zonarius</b>, Fr. P. 5-9 cm. compact, viscid, pale orange or +yellowish, zoned; g. whitish; s. 5-8 cm. solid, yellowish; milk +white; sp. 9-10 × 8.</p> + +<p><b>circellatus</b>, Fr. P. 5-9 cm. soon plane, wavy, viscid, brownish, +zones and umbilicate disc darker; g. crowded, whitish; s. solid, +narrowed below, pallid; milk white; sp. 7-8.</p> + +<p><i>L. flexuosus</i> differs in yellow gills.</p> + +<p><b>trivialis</b>, Fr. 9-18 cm. depr. viscid, zoneless, pale yellowish +or pinky tan, margin incurved; g. crowded, white; s. 3-8 cm. +paler than p., hollow; milk white; sp. 9-10.</p> + +<p><b>turpis</b>, Fr. P. 6-14 cm. rigid, depr. zoneless, viscid, olive-umber, +margin at first with yellow down; g. thin, pallid; s. 3-6 +cm. viscid, olive, narrowed at base; milk white; sp. echin. 6-8.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. blennius</i> in absence of circles of spots on pileus.</p> + +<p><b>umbrinus</b>, Pers. P. 5-8 cm. plane, umbil. wavy, dry, floccose, +umber, not zoned; g. crowded, pallid; s. solid, very short, 2 cm. +greyish white; milk white, forming grey spots; sp. 8-9.</p> + +<p><b>blennius</b>, Fr. P. 7-12 cm. depr. glutinous, dingy olive grey, +often concentrically spotted, margin at first incurved; g. crowded; +s. 3-5 cm. viscid, coloured like pileus; milk white; sp. 7-8 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>lividus</b>, Lamb. P. convex then plane or depr. not distinctly +zoned, pale livid, centre fuscescent, viscid (?); g. subdecur. pale +livid, crowded; s. livid, solid, curved; milk white, acrid.</p> + +<p>[<b>impolitus</b>, Fr. P. convex then depr. subumb. dry, silky, not +zoned, becoming pale; g. adnate, crowded, pallid; s. glabrous but +not polished, reddish white; milk white, acrid.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">§§ <i>Gills rufescent or yellowish.</i></div> + +<p><b>rufus</b>, Scop. P. 6-9 cm. umb. depr. flocculose then glabrous, +zoneless, rufous bay, shining; g. yellowish rufous; s. 5-8 cm. +rufescent; milk white; sp. 7-9.</p> + +<p>[<b>decipiens</b>, Q. P. moist then puberulent, reddish flesh-colour; +g. narrow, tinged flesh-colour; s. slender, paler than p., milk very +acrid; sp. 8-9.</p> + +<p>[<b>maliodorus</b>, Boud. Smell unpleasant. P. infundib. dry, rather +viscid when moist, tawny ochre or tawny brick-red, zones formed +of darker spots, edge glabrous; g. subdecur. pallid then like p.; +s. short, rugose; flesh tawny, milk white, acrid.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. quietus</i> in brighter colour and acrid milk.</p> + +<p><b>capsicum</b>, Schulz. P. 3-6 cm. obtuse, deep chestnut colour, +margin strongly incurved; g. tawny; s. white with tawny fibrils; +milk white; sp. 6-7.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_68" id="Page_68">[Pg 68]</a></span></p><p>[<b>tithymalinus</b>, Fr. P. umb. then convex, depr. dry, even, glabrous, +not zoned, yellow, disc rufescent; g. adnate, crowded, yellowish +then flesh-colour; s. glabrous, colour of p.; milk white, acrid.</p> + +<p><b>subdulcis</b>, Fr. P. 3-6 cm. thin, at length depr. papillate, even, +glabrous, zoneless, bay or rufous cinnamon, not turning pale; g. +adnate, paler than p.; s. 3-5 cm. soon hollow, equal, rufescent, +slightly pruinose; milk white, sweet at first then very slightly acrid; +sp. 9-10.</p> + +<p>var. <i>concavus</i>, Fr. P. rufous bay; g. reddish, pruinose; mild.</p> + +<p>var. <i>sphagneti</i>, Fr. P. shining, margin crenate; s. hollow, glabrous.</p> + +<p><b>Terrei</b>, B. and Br. Caespitose. P. 1-2 cm. wrinkled, depr. +bay; g. decur. pallid; s. thickened at base, hollow, with orange +down; smell sweet.</p> + +<p>[<b>rubescens</b>, Bres. P. convexo-plane then depr. rarely subumb. +polished, dry, edge at first incurved and white-pruinose, pinkish +brick-red then paler; g. crowded, pallid then pinkish-rufescent, +subdecur.; s. colour of p.; milk white, sparingly acrid; sp. 7-8.</p> + +<p><b>cimicarius</b>, Batsch. Smell unpleasant, oily. P. 2-4 cm. depr. +or infund. wavy, dark bay brown; g. reddish ochre, subdecur.; s. +2-3 cm. paler than p.; milk white; sp. 7-8.</p> + +<p>Smell strong, said to resemble bugs.</p> + +<p><b>obnubilus</b>, Lasch. P. 2-3 cm. thin, convex, umbil. sooty +brown, slightly striate; g. rather crowded, yellowish; s. 3-4 cm. +stuffed, slender, paler than p.; milk white; sp. 8-9.</p> + +<p>var. <i>crenatus</i>, Mass. P. 3-5 cm. sooty brown, coarsely sulcate, +margin crenate.</p> + +<p><b>flexuosus</b>, Fr. P. 7-12 cm. dry, depr. wavy, lead colour or +with lilac tinge, becoming squamulose; g. thick, distant, yellow; +s. 5-8 cm. stout, solid, greyish; milk white; sp. 6-8.</p> + +<p>var. <i>roseozonatus</i>, Fr. P. rose colour, zones darker.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. blennius</i> in yellow gills.</p> + +<p><b>plumbeus</b>, Fr. P. 8-14 cm. convex then infundib. dry, dull, +sooty then blackish brown; g. crowded, tinged yellow; s. solid, +equal, stout; milk white, acrid; sp. 6-8 × 4-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>capsicoides</b>, Fr. P. compact, convex-incurved, wavy, dry, +glabrous, not zoned, flesh-colour; g. broad, crowded, whitish; s. +solid, short, thick.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. flexuosus</i> in broad, crowded, white g.</p> + +<p>[<b>jecorinus</b>, Fr. P. convex then plano-depr. rugulose with elevated +ridges, zoneless, viscid, reddish liver-colour; g. distant, yellow; +s. hollow, pallid; milk white, acrid; sp. 10.</p> + +<p>[<b>crampylus</b>, Fr. P. convex, umbil. everywhere rugulosely tomentose, +zoneless, sooty red, edge downy; g. yellow; s. greyish; milk +white, acrid.</p> + +<p><b>pannucius</b>, Fr. P. plano-discoid, zoneless, glabrous, brick-red, +edge white-tomentose at first; g. yellow; s. elongated; milk white, +acrid.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_69" id="Page_69">[Pg 69]</a></span></p><p>[<b>fluens</b>, Boud. P. convex, viscid, blackish olive, centre scarcely +zoned, edge pale; g. adnate, ochre with grey tinge later; s. solid, +rather viscid greyish ochre, brown when bruised like gills; milk +acrid, white then brownish.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. blennius</i> in larger size, tufted habit, convex p. +and darker colour.</p> + +<p><b>fascinans</b>, Fr. P. convex then depr. viscid, brownish brick-red, +zoneless, edge downy white at first; g. thickish, yellowish; s. hollow, +pallid; milk white.</p> + +<p><b>cyathicula</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. plane, umb. brick-red then pale, +broken up, opaque; g. decurrent, crowded, yellowish; s. 4-5 cm. +pallid; milk white; sp. 6-8.</p> + +<p><b>glyciosmus</b>, Fr. Strong scented. P. 3-7 cm. soon exp. umb. +squamulose, greyish or brownish, opaque; g. soon pale ochre; s. +2-3 cm. pubescent, pallid; milk white; sp. 6-10.</p> + +<p>var. <i>flexuosus</i>, Fr. P. wavy, somewhat zoned.</p> + +<p><b>pyrogalus</b>, Bull. P. 5-8 cm. exp. depr. livid grey; g. thin, +ochraceous; s. 3-4 cm. hollow, pallid; milk white; sp. 7-10.</p> + +<p><i>L. flexuosus</i> differs in larger size, thick gills, and squamulose dark +pileus.</p> + +<p><b>utilis</b>, Weinm. P. 10-20 cm. exp. then infund. glabrous, tan; +g. adnate; s. 5-8 cm. hollow, even, coloured like p.; milk white; +sp. 7-9 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>mammosus</b>, Fr. P. 4-6 cm. acutely umb. then depr. zoneless, +dry, greyish brown or lurid, covered with grey down; g. adnate, +pale rusty; s. 5-7 cm. stuffed then hollow, pallid, downy; milk +white, slowly acrid; sp. 8-9.</p> + +<p><b>aurantiacus</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. depr. even, zoneless, slightly +viscid dull orange; g. decurrent, ochre; s. 6-7 cm. coloured like +p.; milk white, becoming acrid; sp. 9-10.</p> + +<p><i>L. volemus</i> differs in pruinose stem, and <i>L. mitissimus</i> in mild +milk.</p> + +<p>[<b>Porinae</b>, Roll. P. very firm, rugose, glabrous, viscid, orange +yellow, generally with red zones, convex then plane, at length infundib. +irreg. subumb. edge even incurved; g. yellow then ochre, +crowded; s. ochre, rooting; milk white, scanty, rather acrid; +sp. 7.5.</p> + +<p><b>picinus</b>, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. convex then plane, umb. brownish +umber, at first villosely velvety then disc almost glabrous; g. adnate, +much crowded, ochre; s. 4-7 cm. even, glabrous, paler; milk +white; sp. 9-10. (5-6 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>Velvety p. and acrid milk mark this species.</p> + +<p><b>spinulosus</b>, Q. P. 2-3 cm. depr. umbo acute, flesh colour or +rosy, with minute erect spines towards margin; g. decur. flesh +colour with yellow tinge; s. 2-3 cm. flexuous, rugulose, paler than +p.; milk white; sp. 8.</p> + +<p>var. <i>violaceus</i>, Cke. P. rosy violet; s. almost smooth.</p> + +<p><b>lilacinus</b>, Lasch. P. 2-5 cm. depr. papillate, rosy-lilac, floccose +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_70" id="Page_70">[Pg 70]</a></span>when dry; g. adnate, tinged pink; s. 2-3 cm. pallid with a white +bloom; milk white; sp. 7-10.</p> + +<p><b>lateritioroseus</b>, Karst. P. plano-depr. often subinfundib. and +irreg. granulose or squamulose especially near the edge, zoneless +or nearly so, pale brick-red with rosy tinge; g. decur. pinkish; s. +solid, colour of p., apex with white meal; milk scanty, white, +acrid; sp. 9-10 × 8-9.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>Lact. lilacinus</i> in decur. g. and pileus not floccose.</p> + +<p><b>controversus</b>, Pers. P. 7-12 cm. umbil. then infundib. whitish +with red spots or zones; g. closely crowded, soon with flesh-coloured +tint; s. 3-5 cm. white; milk white; sp. echin. 6-8.</p> + +<p>[<b>viridis</b>, Fr. P. depr. wavy, dry, green; g. white tinged rufous; +s. hollow, stout, base narrowed; milk white; sp. 8.5 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>tabidus</b>, Fr. P. submembranaceous, acutely umb., reddish +then pale, edge striate when moist; s. subfistulose, pallid; g. flaccid, +pallid; milk; sp. 8 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>Recognised by very thin, acutely umbonate p.; owing to absence +of description of milk, position uncertain.</p> + +<p>[<b>rutaceus</b>, Lasch. P. subdepr. almost glabrous, opaque, reddish-fawn; +g. subdecur. crowded, narrow, yellowish clay-colour.</p> + +<p>Smell like <i>Ruta graveolens</i>, taste bitter and of camphor.</p> +</li></ol></li></ol></li></ol> + +<p class="center"><i>Stem excentric or lateral; growing on wood.</i></p> + +<p>[<b>lateripes</b>, Fr. P. white tinged rosy, subdimidiate; g. crowded, +pallid; s. lateral; milk white, rather acrid.</p> + +<p>[<b>hometi</b>, Gill. P. lateral, fleshy, convex, pale yellowish ochre, +edge irreg. flesh white then violet; g. slightly decur. narrowed at +both ends, pallid, spotted violet; s. lateral, stout, colour of p.</p> + +<p><b>minimus</b>, W. G. Sm. P. 1 cm. convex, subumb. excentric, +pallid tan; g. subdecur. pallid; s. 1 cm. solid, coloured like p.; +milk abundant, white; sp. 3-4.</p> + +<p><b>obliquus</b>, Fr. Smell strong. P. 3-4 cm. thin, depr. oblique, +lobed, zoned greyish, silky; g. crowded; s. subexcentric, curved; +milk white; sp. 5-6.</p> + + +<h3>HYGROPHORUS, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">I. <span class="smcap">Limacium</span>. <i>Pileus viscid, stem also often so; secondary +veil floccose, forming a ring or attached to edge of p.; +s. squamulose, or scabrid at apex; g. adnato-decur.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>White or yellowish.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>ligatus</b>, Fr. White. P. convexo-plane, even; g. thick, distant; +s. long, fibrillose, apex naked, ring inferior, subappend.; sp. 8-10 +× 4-5.</p> + +<p>Sometimes tinged yellow, rarely spotted red.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_71" id="Page_71">[Pg 71]</a></span></p><p><b>chrysodon</b>, Fr. White, edge of p. gills and upper part of stem +tinged yellow. P. 5-7 cm. exp.; g. broad, thin; s. 5-7 cm. yellow +squamules forming ring at apex; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>gliocyclus</b>, Fr. P. exp. pallid-white, very glutinous; g. decur. +distant, permanently white; s. with inferior glutinous ring.</p> + +<p>[<b>hyacinthinus</b>, Q. Fragrant. P. snow-white, viscid, silky-shining, +margin pubescent; s. slender, striate, pruinose.</p> + +<p><b>eburneus</b>, Bull. White. P. 3-5 cm. exp. even, edge soon naked; +g. decur. distant, firm; s. 3-7 cm. viscid, rough with points at apex; +sp. 5 × 4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>H. cossus</i> in pure white colour and absence of unpleasant +smell.</p> + +<p>[<b>subpurpurascens</b>, Allesch. P. hemispher. viscid, white, tan or +brownish when dry; g. decur. white, brownish-purple when dry; s. +viscid, narrowed below and rooting, white, apex white-scurfy; sp. +6-8 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>cossus</b>, Sow. Smell strong. P. 3-5 cm. exp. glutinous, shining +when dry, white with yellow tinge, edge naked; g. subdecur. distant, +firm; s. scurfy-punctate upwards; sp. 7-8 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>melizeus</b>, Fr. Straw colour. P. exp. depr. even; g. decur. +thin, distant; s. soft, narrowed below, apex with white squamules.</p> + +<p><b>penarius</b>, Sow. P. 4-7 cm. P. umb. then exp. and obtuse, +usually dry, compact, pallid tan, opaque; g. decur. distant, thick; +s. 3-5 cm. glutinous then dry and rugulose, fusiformly rooting; +sp. 7-8 × 3-4.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Reddish.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>purpurascens</b>, Fr. P. whitish, disc with purplish squamules; +g. decur. white tinged purple; s. white, bristling with purplish +squamules, ring inferior.</p> + +<p>[<b>capreolarius</b>, Kalchbr. Entirely purple rufous. P. soon dry, +virgate with darker fibrils, centre squamulosely punctate, flesh +reddish; g. rigid, purplish then changing to cinnamon; s. reticulately +striate with darker purple-umber fibrils.</p> + +<p><b>erubescens</b>, Fr. P. 5-12 cm. gibbous then convexo-plane, +white then deep rosy or dingy red; g. soft, white spotted red; s. +4-9 cm. reddish fibrillose, apex red punctate; sp. 8-10 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>Usually growing in circles. Pileus and flesh white suffused with +red everywhere.</p> + +<p><b>pudorinus</b>, Fr. P. 5-9 cm. convex depr. viscid, clear reddish +flesh colour; g. distant, thick, shining white; s. 5-9 cm. white, +apex constricted and rough with points; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>H. erubescens</i> in pure white gills, and clearer colour +of p.</p> + +<p><b>rubescens</b>, Beck. P. convex, shining, flesh-colour or yellowish, +disc often somewhat tawny; g. very distant, adnate, scarcely +decur., pale flesh-colour; s. clavate from base, yellowish white, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_72" id="Page_72">[Pg 72]</a></span>narrowed and floccosely-verruculose below gills; sp. 7.5-10 × 4-7; +flesh of p. reddish.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>H. pudorinus</i> and <i>H. discoideus</i> in clavate s. and +red flesh.</p> + +<p>[<b>Queletii</b>, Bres. P. convex-plane, subumb. white with pinkish +flecks at centre, epidermis becoming squamulose, edge at first incurved +and white-floccose, viscid; g. adnato-decur. white or yellowish, +edge citrin; s. solid, white, scurfy with reddish flecks; sp. 8-9 × 5.</p> + +<p>Sometimes entirely white and p. concentrically cracked.</p> + +<p><b>glutinifer</b>, Fr. P. 5-9 cm. exp. rufescent, pellicle glutinous, +disc rugosely punctate; g. arcuato-decur. white; s. 7-9 cm. stuffed, +ventricose below, viscid, colour of p., apex white squamulose; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>leucophaeus</b>, Fr. P. exp. pallid gilvous, disc rugosely punctate; +g. adnate then decur. pallid; s. hollow, narrowed below, pallid, apex +white floccose; sp. 6-8 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>Secretani</b>, Henn. (= <i>Ag. suaveolens</i>, Var. D. Secr.) Smell strong, +like aniseed. P. camp. exp. white, disc with rosy fibrils; g. adnato-decur. +distant, thick, white then tan or yellowish; s. white, glabrous, +apex white-floccose; sp. 11-13 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>persicinus</b>, Beck. P. conic then hemispher. edge incurved, peach +colour or somewhat orange, shining, even; g. thick, both ends narrowed, +decur. edge very obtuse, fuscescent; s. constricted below gills, +pale lilac-peach-colour, base yellowish; sp. 15-20 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>miniaceus</b>, Beck. P. convex then exp. fleshy, vermilion brick-red, +centre innately floccose; g. adnate, very distant, broad, white; +s. orange flesh-colour; flesh white soon reddish, deep rose under +cuticle of p.; sp. 6-7.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">*** <i>Tawny or yellow.</i></div> + +<p><b>arbustivus</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. exp. viscid, innately virgate, tawny; +g. adnate, thick, white; s. solid, 3-4 cm. pallid, apex with loose white +mealy granules; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>discoideus</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. exp. depr. glutinous, pale gilvous, +disc dark and rusty; g. adnato-decur. soft, colour of p. then pallid; +s. viscid, flocculose, with white points upwards, 3-5 cm.; sp. +5-8 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>Friesii</b>, Sacc. (<i>H. nitidus</i>, Fr. Mon., not B. and C.). P. convex +then plane, obtuse, viscid, yellow; g. deeply decur. white then pallid; +s. solid, glabrous, viscid, apex even, white; sp. 8 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>nitidus</b>, Fr. P. exp. viscid, yellow; g. deeply decur. distant, +white then pallid; s. solid, glabrous, viscid, apex smooth, white.</p> + +<p><b>aureus</b>, Arrh. P. 2-3 cm. exp. glutinous, golden yellow; g. +adnato-decur. white; s. 4-5 cm. reddish tawny and glutinous up to +imperfect ring; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>Bresadolae</b>, Q. P. campan.-exp. umb. glutinous, clear yellow, +umb. orange tawny; g. distant, thick, attenuato-decur. citrin or more +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_73" id="Page_73">[Pg 73]</a></span>or less white; s. apex white, yellow-flocculose below ring, glutinous; +sp. 8-10 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>lucorum</b>, Kalchb. P. plano-depr. subumb. viscid, whitish, disc +bright citrin, altogether yellowish when old; g. adnato-decur. pallid +or citrin, edge white; s. slender, base subbulbous, colour of p.; sp. +7 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>aromaticus</b>, Sow. P. 5-7 cm. exp. very fragile, cinnamon, +glutinous; g. subdecur. white with pink tinge; s. 3-5 cm. equal, +colour of p.</p> + +<p>Smell spicy, taste like peppermint. A fungus of uncertain +affinity.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">**** <i>Olivaceous-umber.</i></div> + +<p><b>limacinus</b>, Fr. P. 3-6 cm. convex, obtuse, umber then smoky +olive, edge paler; g. adnato-decur. greyish white; s. 5-7 cm. solid, +viscid, apex squamulose; 12 × 8.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>H. olivaceo-albus</i> in squamulose apex of stem, and +from <i>H. agathosmus</i> in viscid stem.</p> + +<p>[<b>vignolius</b>, Paniz. P. obtuse, very glutinous, olive; g. adnate, +greyish-purple then rusty, edge white; s. with dark concentric scales +or glutinous and fibrillose.</p> + +<p><b>olivaceo-albus</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. exp. even, with olive gluten +which disappears leaving surface pale, umbo brown; g. adnato-decur. +white; s. 5-7 cm. viscid, with a floccose ring at first, scaly and +spotted brown, apex glabrous; sp. 7-8 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>hypothejus</b>, Fr. P. 3-6 cm. exp. and more or less depr. thin, +olive gluten disappearing and leaving p. yellowish-olive or brownish, +virgate; g. decur. yellow; s. 5-9 cm. viscid, paler than p., trace of +ring when young; sp. 8-10 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><i>H. olivaceo-albus</i> differs in white gills.</p> + +<p><b>cerasinus</b>, B. Smell strong, like cherry-laurel. P. 2-3 cm. obtusely +umb. viscid, pale umber then greyish, margin downy; g. very +distant, tinged pink; s. 5-7 cm. white, apex squamulose; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">***** <i>Brownish grey or livid.</i></div> + +<p><b>fusco-albus</b>, Lasch. P. 4-5 cm. exp. even, viscid, brownish grey; +g. decur. broad, snow-white; s. 5-7 cm. equal, dry, apex white-floccose; +sp. 12-14 × 7-8.</p> + +<p><b>agathosmus</b>, Fr. Smell like aniseed. P. 3-5 cm. exp. gibbous, +viscid, livid grey, disc with crowded pellucid papillae; g. decur. soft, +white; s. 5-7 cm. dry, fibrillosely striate, rough with squamules upwards; +sp. 9-10 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>pustulatus</b>, Fr. P. exp. umb. viscid, livid grey, umbo fuscous, +cracked into papillae; g. adnato-decur. white, often glaucous; s. equal, +white, rough with black points; sp. 8-10 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>Var. <i>terebratus</i>, Fr. P. subumb. glabrous; g. triquetrous; s. wavy, +pure white, apex with black points.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_74" id="Page_74">[Pg 74]</a></span></p><p>[<b>tephroleucus</b>, Fr. P. exp. then depr. round the brown umbo, +viscid, grey, adpressedly squamuloso-fibrillose; g. decur. white; s. +solid, with black fibrils above.</p> + +<p>[<b>hyporrhodius</b>, Otth. P. convex then depr. greyish brown, disc +squamulose; g. slightly decur. both ends acute, rosy white, connected +by veins; s. equal, white, granulosely squamulose.</p> + +<p>[<b>albidus</b>, Karst. P. convexo-plane, umb. cuticle longitudinally +interwoven, rugosely papillate near edge, even, whitish, viscid; g. +adnato-decur. distant, shining white; s. equal, flocculose, white; sp. +8-10 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>mesotephrus</b>, B. P. 2-3 cm. hemispher. hygr. viscid, striate, +whitish with brown disc; g. decur. white, s. 3-5 cm. slender, +flexuous, white, viscid, apex granular; sp. 9-10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>livido-albus</b>, Fr. P. 3-6 cm. even, glabrous, viscid, exp. obtuse, +thin, everywhere livid; g. decur. white; s. slender, even, almost +smooth; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>H. eburneus</i> in livid p. and glabrous s.</p> + +<p><b>calophyllus</b>, Karst. P. conico-convex, exp. obsoletely umb. viscid, +even, glabrous, sooty-fuscous; g. decur. distant, joined by veins, rosy +or at length whitish; s. thicker below, wavy, pallid then sooty, +glabrous, even, dry; sp. 6-8 × 4-5.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">II. <span class="smcap">Camarophyllus</span>. <i>Veil absent. Stem not punctate +or scabrid. Pileus firm, moist in wet weather but not +viscid. Gills distant, arcuate.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Gills deeply and at length obconically decurrent.</i></div> + +<p><b>caprinus</b>, Scop. P. 7-12 cm. fleshy, fragile, exp. umb. rather +wavy, sooty, fibrillose; g. very broad, thick, very distant, white then +glaucous; s. 5-7 cm. solid, sooty fibrillose; sp. 10 × 7-8.</p> + +<p><b>leporinus</b>, Fr. P. 4-5 cm. convex, gibbous, reddish-yellow, +fibrilloso-floccose, opaque; g. decur. gilvous; s. 4-5 cm. fibrillose, +pallid; sp. subgl. 5-6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>H. pratensis</i> in floccose p.</p> + +<p>[<b>alutaceorubens</b>, Otth. P. convex then flat, yellowish red, disc +darker; g. scarcely decur. reddish-yellow; s. cylind. rather twisted, +apex reddish and mealy, whitish below.</p> + +<p>[<b>velutinus</b>, Borsz. P. exp. gibbous then subdepr. even when +moist, floccosely squamulose when dry, tawny yellow; g. deeply decur. +thick, orange; s. fibrillosely squamulose, darker; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>nemoreus</b>, Fr. P. 3-6 cm. equally fleshy, exp. almost glabrous, +tawny orange; g. thick, distant, colour of p.; s. squamulose, fibroso-striate, +base narrowed, pale; sp. 6-7 × 5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>H. pratensis</i> in squamulose, pale s., and from <i>H. +leporinus</i> in glabrous p.</p> + +<p><b>pratensis</b>, Fr. Every part tawny-yellow or buff. P. 2-7 cm. +disc very fleshy, gibbous, margin thin, altogether obconic; g. deeply +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_75" id="Page_75">[Pg 75]</a></span>decur. thick, distant; s. 3-5 cm. stuffed, even, glabrous, narrowed +downwards; sp. 6 × 4.</p> + +<p>Edible. Variable in size, sometimes all white or grey, s. often +pale.</p> + +<p>Var. <i>cinereus</i>, Fr. P. and g. grey, s. whitish, slender.</p> + +<p>Var. <i>pallidus</i>, B. and Br. P. depr. or infundib., edge wavy, +entirely pale ochre.</p> + +<p>[<b>bicolor</b>, Karst. P. compact and thick, obconoid, convex, often +depr. whitish, even, glabrous, g. deeply decur. gilvous; s. long, solid, +narrowed below, glabrous, whitish; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>suberosus</b>, Jacobasch. P. convex, subdepr. subturbinate, not +umb. reddish yellow, g. decur. pallid; s. pallid, equal, floccosely tomentose; +sp. 3.7-5.5.</p> + +<p>[<b>Karstenii</b>, Sacc. and Cub. P. fleshy, disc compact, convexo-plane, +glabrous, even, whitish; g. deeply decur. distant, yellow; s. +solid, narrowed below, wavy, whitish; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>virgineus</b>, Wulf. White. P. 3-7 cm. fleshy, exp. obtuse then +depr. becoming cracked and floccose when dry; g. distant, thickish; +s. 3-5 cm. stuffed, firm, short, narrowed downwards; sp. 8-10 × 5. +Edible.</p> + +<p>Var. <i>roseipes</i>, Mass. Stem rosy downwards.</p> + +<p><b>niveus</b>, Fr. White. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. tough, membranaceous, +convex, umbil. viscid; g. thin, arcuate, distant; s. 4-6 cm. slender, +equal; sp. 7-8 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>H. virgineus</i> in smaller size, thin p. and slender +equal s.</p> + +<p><b>russo-coriaceus</b>, B. and Br. White, fragrant. P. 1.5-2 cm. +convex, disc fleshy, edge thin; g. thick, very distant; s. 1.5-2.5 cm. +solid, smooth, base narrowed; sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>H. niveus</i> in thick disc, and smell resembling Russian +leather.</p> + +<p>[<b>helvella</b>, Boud. P. hygr. glabrous, greyish ochre, obconic-campan. +edge sometimes wavy; g. shortly decur. narrow, grey; s. +whitish, equal, scurfy above, base thickened and downy.</p> + +<p>[<b>glaucus</b>, Karst. P. convexo-plane, umb. then depr. and somewhat +wavy, moist, glabrous, shining, even, glaucous; g. deeply decur. +rather branched, glaucous; s. wavy, with white down then glabrous, +white; sp. 6-8, glob.</p> + +<p>[<b>clivalis</b>, Fr. White, fragile. P. campan. exp. shining, edge at +first incurved then spreading, striate; g. narrowed behind, nearly +free, ventricose, distant; s. solid, short, fragile, narrowed below; +sp. 6-7 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>ventricosus</b>, B. and Br. White. P. 4-7 cm. convex, disc fleshy, +edge thin, sometimes irreg.; g. deeply decur. narrow; s. 4-7 cm. +ventricose, solid, smooth; sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p>Known among white sp. by fleshy p. and stout, ventricose stem.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_76" id="Page_76">[Pg 76]</a></span></p> +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills ventricose, sinuato-arcuate or plano-adnate.</i></div> + +<p><b>fornicatus</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. campan. then exp. even, glabrous, +viscid, white or livid; g. sinuato-adnexed, thick, white; s. 5-7 cm. +firm, equal, tough, glabrous, white; sp. 5-6 × 3.</p> + +<p>Stem solid below, apex hollow. Pileus obsoletely umb. rather +wavy; gills sometimes free, with a decurrent tooth, not decurrent as +in <i>H. virgineus</i>.</p> + +<p><b>distans</b>, B. P. 2-4 cm. exp. or depr. umbil. thin, viscid, white +with silky sheen, sometimes stained with brown; g. adnate, very +distant, white; s. 3-4 cm. white above, rather narrowed and greyish +below; sp. 10 × 8.</p> + +<p>[<b>streptopus</b>, Fr. Fragile, splitting. P. campan. exp. greyish +white; g. sinuato-adnate, rather crowded, white; s. hollow, rather +twisted, white.</p> + +<p><b>Clarkii</b>, B. and Br. P. 3-5 cm. fragile, thin, exp. subumb. viscid, +livid grey; g. adnate with decur. tooth, broad, thick, distant, white; +s. 4-7 cm. grey, base white; sp. subgl. 12 × 10.</p> + +<p><i>H. distans</i> differs in white umbilic. p.</p> + +<p><b>metapodius</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. compact, exp. viscid then silky +squamulose, brownish; g. arcuato-decur. thick, distant, greyish; +s. 3-4 cm. glabrous, grey, reddish inside; sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>ovinus</b>, Bull. P. 3-5 cm. thin, conical then exp. gibbous, viscid +then squamulose, fuscous; g. arcuato-adnate, connected by veins, +grey then rufescent; s. 4-5 cm. glabrous, often twisted, pallid or +dark; sp. 5 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>H. metapodius</i> in thin p. subequal s. and thinner g.</p> + +<p>[<b>connatus</b>, Karst. P. thin, convexo-exp. unequal, dry, even, grey +then pallid, silky-white then glabrous; g. decur. distant, branched, +narrow, grey; s. solid, rather wavy, squamulose above, colour of p.; +sp. 7-9 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>flavus</b>, Lamb. Smell like new meal. P. convex, exp. then +umbil. edge sublobed, glabrous, even, yellowish; g. adnexed with +decur. tooth, very broad, ventricose, distant, whitish; s. equal, even, +cylindrical, colour of p.</p> + +<p><b>subradiatus</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. submembranaceous, subumb. +radiato-striate, brownish; g. adnate with decur. tooth, thin, white; +s. 3-6 cm. fistulose, glabrous, pallid; sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p>Var. <i>lacmus</i>, Fr. P. plano-depr. lilac then pallid, disc sometimes +fibrillose; g. grey.</p> + +<p><b>irrigatus</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. thin, campan. then exp. subumb. livid, +lubricous; g. whitish, with a decur. tooth; s. 4-7 cm. grey, very +viscid; sp. 6-7 × 4.</p> + +<p><i>H. unguinosus</i> differs in the sooty-grey gluten.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_77" id="Page_77">[Pg 77]</a></span></p> +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">III. <span class="smcap">Hygrocybe</span>. <i>Veil absent. Entire fungus thin, +watery, fragile. P. viscid when moist, shining when +dry, rarely floccose. Often bright coloured.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Gills decurrent or adnate with decur. tooth.</i></div> + +<p><b>Colemannianus</b>, Blox. P. 3-5 cm. campan. then exp. and +strongly umb. pale umber paler except disc when dry; g. deeply +decur. connected by veins, pale brown; s. 2-3 cm. white, silky upwards; +sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>foetens</b>, Phill. Very foetid. P. 2-3 cm. exp. umber; g. grey; +s. 2-3 cm. olive yellow, squamulose; sp. subgl. 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>sciophanus</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. exp. slightly viscid, opaque, pale +brick red, or tawny, striate; g. decur. connected by veins, tinged red; +s. 3-6 cm. hollow, subflexuous, smooth; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>sulcatus</b>, Karst. P. campan. exp. viscid, sulcate except disc, +deep tawny; s. hollow, equal, glabrous, viscid, yellowish; g. decur. +yellowish.</p> + +<p><b>laetus</b>, Fr. (= <i>H. Houghtoni</i>, B.). P. 2-3 cm. thin, convexo-plane, +viscid, tawny; g. thin, distant, paler than p. decur.; s. 5-7 cm. +tough, equal, viscid, colour of p.; sp. 7 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>H. sciophanus</i> in viscid stem.</p> + +<p><b>vitellinus</b>, Fr. Every part clear lemon yellow, paler when dry. +P. 1.5-2.5 cm. viscid, edge plicato-striate; g. decur. rather distant; +s. 3-5 cm. hollow, fragile; sp. 6 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>ceraceus</b>, Wulf. P. 2-3 cm. fragile, thin, exp. viscid, shining, +wax-yellow; g. adnate, subdecur. distant, broad, almost triangular, +yellow; s. hollow, 3-4 cm. hollow, colour of p. often flexuous; +sp. 8 × 6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>H. vitellinus</i> in broad gills and wax-yellow s. and p.</p> + +<p><b>coccineus</b>, Schaeff. P. 2.5-3 cm. fragile, thin, convexo-plane, +obtuse, viscid, glabrous, scarlet then pale; g. adnate with decur. +tooth, connected by veins, reddish or yellowish; s. 3-5 cm. hollow, +compr. yellowish, crimson above; sp. 10-12 × 6. (6-8 × 4-5.)</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>H. puniceus</i> in adnate g. and yellow base of s., from +<i>H. miniatus</i> in glabrous p. and yellow base of s.</p> + +<p><b>miniatus</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. fragile, thin, convex then umbil. +scarlet then pale, opaque and squamulose; g. adnate, distant, yellow +and red; s. 3-5 cm. terete, polished, scarlet; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>turundus</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. thin, convex then umbil. very brittle, +covered with greyish-brown down then squamulose; g. decur. distant, +white then yellowish; s. 2-3 cm. tawny, polished; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>P. soon broken up into smoky squamules, but golden and viscid at +first.</p> + +<p>Var. <i>mollis</i>, B. and Br. P. golden with fibrils of same colour; +s. yellow; g. shortly decur.</p> + +<p>Var. <i>lepidus</i>, Boud. Brilliant golden orange; p. convex, squamulose +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_78" id="Page_78">[Pg 78]</a></span>or hirsuto-tomentose, umbil. then golden, centre deepest; g. thick +distant, deeply and abruptly decur. pallid; s. elongated, colour of p.; +sp. 9-10 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>mucronellus</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. submembranaceous, fragile, conic +then campan. acutely umb. glabrous, vermilion then pale; g. decur. +triangular, thick, yellow; s. 2-3 cm. slender, colour of p. base white; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>Wynniae</b>, B. and Br. (= <i>Clitocybe xanthophylla</i>, Bres., <i>fide</i> Berk.). +P. 1.5-2.5 cm. thin, convex then umbil. or infundib., striate, lemon +yellow, greenish when dry; g. decur. yellowish then tinged green; +s. 2-3 cm. colour of p.; sp. 7-8 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>syrjensis</b>, Karst. P. thin convex, disc depr. glabrous, even, dry, +fuscous-white or dingy yellowish; g. deeply decur. brownish, somewhat +branched; s. equal, pallid; sp. 6 × 3-4.</p> + +<p><b>micaceus</b>, B. and Br. P. 1-1.5 cm. thin, exp. yellow then grey +with green tinge, wrinkled, micaceous; g. decur. pale umber; s. +2-2.5 cm. slender, yellow, base brown; sp. 4 × 3.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills adnexed then separating from stem.</i></div> + +<p><b>puniceus</b>, Fr. P. 5-9 cm. campan. obtuse, wavy, viscid, crimson +then pale; g. slightly adnexed, thick, distant, yellow; s. 5-7 cm. +hollow, striate, colour of p. base white; sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>H. coccineus</i> in adnexed g. and striate stem with +white base.</p> + +<p>Var. <i>nigrescens</i>, Q. Becoming blackish everywhere. P. orange, +virgate, then grey and silky; s. striate, yellow, apex red.</p> + +<p><b>obrusseus</b>, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. conico-convex, wavy, golden yellow, +shining; g. adnato-ventricose, thick, distant; s. 5-7 cm. hollow, subcompressed, +glabrous, even, yellow, base tawny; sp. 10-12 × 7.</p> + +<p>Tawny base of stem not always evident.</p> + +<p>[<b>citrino-croceus</b>, Beck. P. convex, flattened, glabrous, shining, +citrin-saffron, disc golden, edge whitish, slightly upturned; g. very +distant, broad, shortly decur. white; s. solid, subequal white or +spotted citrin; sp. 7.5-8.5 × 3.5-5.</p> + +<p><b>intermedius</b>, Pass. P. 3-5 cm. thin, campan. then exp. silky-fibrillose, +golden then greyish; g. adnate, ventricose, white then +yellow; s. 4-7 cm. yellow, fibrillosely striate; sp. 8-9 × 6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>H. obrusseus</i> in strong mealy smell, and p. becoming +grey.</p> + +<p><b>conicus</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. conical, acute, often lobed, yellow or +tinged crimson; g. nearly free, thin, yellowish; s. 3-9 cm. hollow +fibroso-striate, colour of p.; sp. 10-11 × 6-8.</p> + +<p>Every part blackish when bruised or old.</p> + +<p>[<b>albus</b>, Otth. P. conical, obtuse, even, white; g. free, snow-white; +s. white, striate, shining.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>Hygr. conicus</i> in colour and obtuse p.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_79" id="Page_79">[Pg 79]</a></span></p><p><b>calyptraeformis</b>, B. P. 3-7 cm. acutely conical then splitting +and exp. clear rose then paler; g. slightly adnexed, tinged rose; +s. 6-9 cm. hollow, white; sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p>Var. <i>niveus</i>, Cke. Entirely white.</p> + +<p><b>chlorophanus</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. fragile, very thin, convex, obtuse, +viscid, yellow, sometimes crimson; g. emarginate, adnexed, white +tinged yellow; s. viscid when moist, even, everywhere yellow, 4-7 cm.; +sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>H. conicus</i> in not becoming black.</p> + +<p><b>psittacinus</b>, Schaeff. P. 1.5-3 cm. campan. then exp. umb. striate, +yellow and orange, with green gluten; g. thick, distant, greenish; s. +3-5 cm. glutinous, yellow, apex green; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>spadiceus</b>, Fr. P. 4-9 cm. thin, conical, acute, fibrilloso-virgate, +with olive-bay gluten, blackish and shining when dry; g. citrin; s. +5-7 cm. hollow, dry, tawny-fibrillose; sp. 6-7 × 4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>H. conicus</i> in virgate p. and thicker g. not narrowed +behind.</p> + +<p>[<b>squalidus</b>, Lasch. Fragile. P. campan. exp. gibbous, and with +the glabrous hollow s. sooty and glutinous, orange after the gluten +has gone; g. thick, livid then fuscous, edge orange.</p> + +<p><b>unguinosus</b>, Fr. P. 4-5 cm. fragile, thin, obtuse, uneven, +smooth, with smoky-brown dripping gluten, becoming cracked; g. +white; s. 4-5 cm. hollow, with smoky gluten; sp. 10 × 7-8.</p> + +<p>[<b>obscuratus</b>, Karst. P. fragile, convex, obtuse, dry, squamulose, +sooty or livid blackish, mouse-colour when dry; g. sinuato-adnate, +whitish or glaucous; s. unequal, usually inflated below, wavy, glabrous, +pallid, centre often tinged smoky; sp. 7-10 × 3-5.</p> + +<p><b>nitratus</b>, Pers. Smell strong, nitrous. P. 3-5 cm. deformed, +viscid, soon dry and squamulose, brownish-grey; g. broad, distant, +white then glaucous; s. 4-7 cm. polished, white or tinged yellow; +sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p>There are two forms, a large one in woods, and a smaller one in +pastures, structure that of <i>H. coccineus</i>, but colours very different. +Readily distinguished by the strong nitrous smell.</p> + +<p>[<b>Schulzeri</b>, Bres. P. hemispher. exp. or depr. dry, even, livid +cinnamon; g. distant, subdecur. white then greyish; s. dry, colour of +p., apex white-scurfy; inodorous; sp. glob. 3-3.5.</p> + +<p>[<b>glauconitens</b>, Fr. Rigid. P. fibrillosely virgate, olive-black or +sooty then pale; g. glaucous; s. equal, shining; sp. 6-8 × 6-7.</p> + +<p>Fries thinks this may be a young state of <i>H. nitratus</i>. Smell +same but weaker.</p> + +<p>[<b>Marzuolus</b>, Bres. (= <i>Clitocybe Marzuolus</i>, Bres.). P. 4.5-7 cm. +s. 4-7 cm. base clavate; sp. 6-7 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>Bresadola considers this sp. is the <i>Clitocybe</i> of Fries.</p> +</li></ol></li></ol> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_80" id="Page_80">[Pg 80]</a></span></p><h3>CLITOCYBE, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">A. <i>P. fleshy, not hygr. pale and silky when dry.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <span class="smcap">Disciformes</span>. <i>P. fleshy, convex then plane or +subdepressed.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>P. greyish or brownish.</i></div> + +<p><b>nebularis</b>, Batsch. P. 6-12 cm. convex then subgibbous, grey, +at first with grey meal; g. narrow, subdecur. crowded, pallid; s. +5-8 cm. narrowed upwards, fibrillose, pale; sp. 6 × 3.5. Edible.</p> + +<p><b>clavipes</b>, Pers. P. 3-6 cm. convex then plane, naked, grey or +brownish; g. decur. down stem, rather distant; s. obconic, fibrillose, +4-5 cm. livid sooty; sp. 6-7 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>comitalis</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. soon plane, obtuse, sooty umber; s. +4-7 cm. obconic, sooty; g. plane, crowded; sp. 7-8 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>gangraenosa</b>, Fr. Foetid. P. 5-8 cm. soon plane, obtuse, +whitish, variegated black, greenish, livid &c.; g. dingy white; s. +3-4 cm. striate, somewhat bulbous; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>polius</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. convexo-plane, regular, grey; g. decur. +closely crowded, white; s. 4-7 cm. equal, glabrous, whitish; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p><i>C. fumosa</i> differs in cartilaginous substance, mealy apex of stem, +hygr. &c.</p> + +<p><b>inornata</b>, Sow. P. 7-10 cm. plane or depr. pale greyish tan +often with olive tinge, cuticle separable; g. adnate then decur. grey; +s. 3-4 cm. glabrous, greyish; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>Cardarella</b>, Fr. Convex then plano-depr. glabrous, shining, +covered with a thick separable pellicle, blackish red, very viscid; g. +decur. broad, shining white; s. solid, stout, white. Edible.</p> + +<p>[<b>auricula</b>, D. C. P. hemispher. even, glabrous, edge incurved, +naked, greyish brown; g. white; s. solid, glabrous, white.</p> + +<p>[<b>nimbata</b>, Batsch. P. camp.-convex, even, thin margin incurved, +white mealy; g. crowded, arcuate, white; s. solid, innately squamulose, +squamules becoming blackish.</p> + +<p>[<b>luscina</b>, Fr. P. exp. even, glabrous, edge spreading, naked, +fuscous then livid; g. subdecur. crowded; s. solid, short, narrowed +downwards, powdered with white meal.</p> + +<p>[<b>curtipes</b>, Fr. P. exp. oblique, obtuse, brown then pale, flesh +brown; g. closely crowded, white; s. short, rigid, fuscous, thickened +upwards, pale and subpruinose.</p> + +<p><b>hirneola</b>, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. convex then plane, silky shining, +grey then pale; g. crowded, hoary; s. 4-5 cm. slender, subflexuous, +grey, apex with white meal; sp. 5 × 3.</p> + +<p>var. <i>major</i>, Fr. P. wavy, slightly zoned, whitish.</p> + +<p>var. <i>undulata</i>, ——. P. exp. slightly wavy and zoned, whitish; s. +thickened downwards.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_81" id="Page_81">[Pg 81]</a></span></p><p>[<b>dothiophora</b>, Fr. P. exp. oblique, gibbous, hoary; g. decur. +crowded, whitish; s. solid, short, excentric, glabrous.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Pileus violet or rufescent.</i></div> + +<p><b>cyanophaea</b>, Fr. P. 6-9 cm. plane, obtuse, brownish-blue; +g. deeply decur. violet then pale; s. 6-7 cm. narrowed upwards, +bluish when young, apex abruptly white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>Trich. nudum</i> in decurrent gills, &c.</p> + +<p>[<b>tyrianthina</b>, Fr. Exp. even, purplish flesh colour, pellicle +separable when dry; g. rosy violet; s. villose then striate.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. gilva</i> in springing from a fiery-red mycelium. Somewhat +resembling <i>Trich. personatum</i>.</p> + +<p><b>opiparia</b>, Fr. P. 5-9 cm. nearly plane, obtuse, yellowish flesh-colour, +shining; g. white, connected by veins; s. 4-7 cm. solid, +glabrous, whitish; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>amara</b>, Fr. Taste very bitter. P. 3-5 cm. plane, obtuse or +subumb. floccosely broken up, rufescent; g. crowded, narrow, white; +s. 4-5 cm. white, solid, floccose then glabrous; sp. 4 × 2.</p> + +<p>[<b>vulpecula</b>, Kalchb. P. exp. depr. gilvous-rufescent; g. acutely +adnate, narrow; s. hollow, naked, whitish.</p> + +<p><b>socialis</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. umb. even, yellowish-red; g. tinged +yellow; s. 2-3 cm. reddish, rooting base hairy; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Stem strigose as in <i>Marasmius personatus</i>.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">+++ <i>Pileus becoming yellowish.</i></div> + +<p><b>amarella</b>, Pers. Smell strong, taste bitter. P. 4-5 cm. plane, +subumb. reddish-yellow or fawn colour; g. tinged grey, shining; s. +4-5 cm. pallid grey, white down at base; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>veneris</b>, Fr. P. exp. gibbous, yellow; g. crowded, shining white; +s. elastic, glabrous, white.</p> + +<p><b>vernicosa</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. obtuse, even, glabrous, gilvous or +deep yellow; g. yellow; s. 2-3 cm. glabrous, yellow; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Distinguished from <i>Trich. cerinum</i> by decur. gills.</p> + +<p><b>venustissima</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. exp. obtuse, striate, orange, +tinged red; g. decur. orange; s. 3-4 cm. long, glabrous, orange-red; +sp. 6 × 3.5.</p> + +<p><b>alutacea</b>, Cke. and Mass. P. 1-1.5 cm. convex then umbil. edge +incurved, even, tan; g. narrow, crowded, arcuate, decur. paler than +p.; s. 3-4 cm. smooth, pale; sp. 6 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>subalutacea</b>, Batsch. P. 3-5 cm. plano-depr. obtuse, yellowish +then pale; g. broad, whitish; s. 4-5 cm. firm, elastic, glabrous; +sp. ——.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++++ <i>Pileus greenish or pallid.</i></div> + +<p><b>odora</b>, Sow. Smell fragrant. P. 4-5 cm. wavy, pale, dingy +opaque green; g. adnate, not crowded, pallid; s. 3-4 cm. elastic; +sp. 6-8 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_82" id="Page_82">[Pg 82]</a></span></p><p><b>Trogii</b>, Fr. Smell fragrant. P. 4-5 cm. compact, greyish white; +g. crowded, white; s. 4-5 cm. whitish, solid; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Stouter than <i>C. odora</i>, and p. greyish, not green.</p> + +<p>[<b>vilis</b>, Karst. P. convex, exp. umb. glabrous, pellucidly striate, +livid, pallid when dry; g. decur. pallid; s. equal, wavy, glabrous, +umber, apex white-scurfy, livid when dry; sp. 2.5-3.5 × 2.</p> + +<p>[<b>bifurcata</b>, Weinm. P. exp. rather silky, clay-colour then pale, +edge substriate; g. adnato-decur. simple or bifurcate, white; s. +fibrillose.</p> + +<p><b>rivulosa</b>, Pers. P. 3-7 cm. exp. or depr. obtuse, flesh-colour, +rufescent &c. then pale, glabrous then with white down; g. broad, +rather crowded, faintly tinged pink; s. 4-5 cm. tough, rather fibrillose, +whitish; sp. 6 × 3.5.</p> + +<p>var. <i>neptunea</i>, Cke. Smaller than type.</p> + +<p>[<b>rigidata</b>, Karst. P. rigid, plane, depr. unequal, even, glabrous, +pallid then whitish; g. adnate, pallid; s. thickened upwards, often +compr. rooting, pallid; sp. 4-5 × 2-3.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">+++++ <i>Pileus white, shining when dry.</i></div> + +<p><b>cerussata</b>, Fr. White. P. 3-7 cm. plane, obtuse, even, subglabrous; +g. closely crowded, adnate; s. 4-5 cm. smooth, elastic; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>var. <i>difformis</i>. Tufted, p. lobed; s. rugose; g. pallid.</p> + +<p>var. <i>obtextus</i>, Lasch. Snow-white. P. fibrillosely interwoven then +glabrous, rather viscid; g. subdecur. crowded.</p> + +<p>[<b>puellula</b>, Karst. P. convexo-plane, subumb. even, glabrous, +shining white; g. adnate, crowded, white; s. subequal, straight, +elastic, white with blackish squamules; sp. 9-12 × 5-7.</p> + +<p>Allied to <i>Clito. cerrusatus</i> but smaller and with black squamules +on stem.</p> + +<p>[<b>adsentiens</b>, Karst. P. convexo-plane, obtuse, even, at length +scaly, white; g. adnate, closely crowded, white; s. short, base thickened, +white with blackish scales; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>phyllophila</b>, Fr. Whitish-tan. P. 3-7 cm. convexo-plane, +umbil. not becoming pale, veil forming a silvery zone near margin; +g. rather distant, white then pallid; silky-fibrous, tough, 5-8 cm.; +sp. 6 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>pithyophila</b>, Fr. White. P. 3-7 cm. exp. umbil. glabrous, +becoming shining white; g. crowded, permanently white; s. 4-5 cm. +often compr. base downy; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>tornata</b>, Fr. White. P. 3-5 cm. orbicular, subdepr. glabrous, +shining; g. rather crowded; s. stuffed, glabrous, 3-4 cm.; 4-6 +× 3-4 µ.</p> + +<p>Very regular in form.</p> + +<p>var. <i>opala</i>, Fr. White. P. viscid.</p> + +<p>[<b>olorina</b>, Fr. Whitish. P. exp. even, glabrous; s. hollow, rigid, +cylindrical, squamulose; g. subdecur. crowded.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_83" id="Page_83">[Pg 83]</a></span></p><p><b>candicans</b>, Pers. White. P. 2-3 cm. plane or subdepr. umbil. +with adpressed silkiness, shining white when dry; g. adnate then +decur. crowded; s. 3-5 cm. subfistulose, cartilaginous, shining; sp. +5-6 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>dealbata</b>, Sow. White. P. 2-3 cm. plane then upturned and +wavy, glabrous, rather shining; g. adnate, crowded, white; s. 2-3 cm. +entirely fibrous, thin, equal, stuffed; sp. 4-5 × 2.5.</p> + +<p><b>gallinacea</b>, Scop. White, taste acrid. P. depr. even, dry, opaque; +g. crowded, narrow; s. 2-3 cm. equal, even, solid; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. dealbata</i> in dingy white, opaque p. and acrid +taste.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">** <span class="smcap">Difformes</span>. <i>Pileus fleshy at the disc, margin thin, +umb. at first, then exp. depr. and irregular.</i></div> + +<p><b>decastes</b>, Fr. Clustered. P. 10-25 cm. wavy, subumb. glabrous, +uniformly dingy brown or livid, then pale; g. crowded, wavy, white; +s. 9-16 cm. long, solid, glabrous, white, apex pruinose; sp. globose, +4-5.</p> + +<p><b>subdecastes</b>, Cke. and Mass. Clustered. P. 3-5 cm. convex, +obtuse, ochre, paler towards lobed margin; g. crowded, white; s. +8-12 cm. fibrillose, whitish; sp. globose, 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>ampla</b>, Pers. P. 7-12 cm. convex then exp. wavy, sooty then +livid, even; g. broad, smoky then dingy white; s. 9-14 cm. subcartilaginous, +naked, white, apex somewhat downy; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>molybdina</b>, Bull. P. camp. exp. umb. glabrous, sooty, disc livid +rufous, then pale; g. horn colour then pallid; s. stout, fibrillosely +striate, mealy squamulose upwards, pallid.</p> + +<p>[<b>coffeata</b>, Fr. P. brownish fawn then sooty grey, fawn colour and +shining when dry, virgate or spotted; g. decur. dingy white, as is also +the glabrous s.</p> + +<p><b>aggregata</b>, Schaeff. Tufted. P. 5-9 cm. wavy, greyish or reddish +yellow, then pale, silkily virgate; g. yellowish flesh colour; s. 7-10 cm. +fibrillose, narrowed below and often grown together at base; sp. +——.</p> + +<p>[<b>hortensis</b>, Pers. Caespitose, elastic. P. exp. obsoletely umb. +sooty, blackish; g. decur. white then flesh-colour; s. hollow, rather +wavy.</p> + +<p>[<b>tabescens</b>, Scop. (= <i>Coll. tabescens</i>, Fr.). P. conico-campan. exp. +umb. depr. round umbo, tawny honey-colour, or tawny-brown, disc +scaly; g. decur. pallid then pinkish tan; s. fibrillosely scaly, pallid or +lurid yellow, elongated; sp. 8-10 × 5-7.</p> + +<p>Closely resembling <i>Armillaria mellea</i>, but no ring on stem.</p> + +<p>[<b>anapacta</b>, Pers. P. depr. wavy, brown, edge incurved; g. broad, +dingy tan; s. narrowed below, pallid.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_84" id="Page_84">[Pg 84]</a></span></p><p><b>elixa</b>, Sow. P. 5-9 cm. unequal, wavy, disc umb. smoky buff, +edge paler; g. distant; s. 3-5 cm. solid, dingy, subfloccose; sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>fumosa</b>, Pers. Tufted. P. 3-5 cm. subcartilaginous, obtuse, +wavy, sooty brown then pale; g. adnate, livid; s. 5-8 cm. often +twisted, dingy, apex minutely mealy; sp. subgl. 5-6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. elixa</i> in obtuse, non-virgate p.</p> + +<p>[<b>effocatella</b>, Viv. Caespitose. P. convex, even, glabrous, livid +chestnut or umber; g. adnate, crowded, white; s. naked, ventricose +below.</p> + +<p><b>tumulosa</b>, Kalchbr. Tufted. P. 2.5 cm. umb. even, umber then +pale; g. soon greyish; s. 8-12 cm. solid, dingy, floccosely pruinose; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>pergamena</b>, Cke. Tufted. P. 2-5 cm. convex then plane, +subumb. pallid; g. broadly adnate with decur. tooth, white; s. +8-12 cm. whitish, apex squamulose; cartilaginous; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>humosa</b>, Fr. P. fragile, exp. wavy, fuscous; g. adfixed, both +ends narrowed; s. short, whitish like the gills.</p> + +<p>[<b>adunata</b>, Secr. Tufted, foetid. P. exp. gibbous then depr. +white becoming spotted red then rufous, becoming viscid; g. decur. +crowded, eroded, dingy red; s. stout, twisted, narrowed below, +whitish.</p> + +<p><b>cryptarum</b>, Letell. Tufted. P. somewhat conical, flocculose, +spotted brown; g. decur. narrow, white; s. white, striate.</p> + +<p>A doubtful species.</p> + +<p>[<b>hebepodia</b>, Fr. P. exp. depr. unequal, even, grey then pale; g. +decur. white; s. woolly, white.</p> + +<p>[<b>connata</b>, Schum. Shining white. P. conical exp. unequal, +moist, obtuse umbo disappearing; g. unequally decur. narrow, +crowded; stems numerous, hollow, collected at base into a tuberous +mass.</p> + +<p><b>opaca</b>, Fr. White. P. 3-6 cm. umb. often depr. and wavy, +minutely flocculose; g. closely crowded; s. 3-5 cm. fibrillose, wavy; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. cerrusata</i> in umbonate p.</p> + +<p><b>occulta</b>, Cke. P. 3-5 cm. depr. virgate, viscid, disc smoky rest +whitish; g. adnate, white; s. 3-5 cm. fibrillosely striate, solid, +white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>monstrosa</b>, Sow. P. 3-5 cm. umb. wavy, opaque white; g. +adnato-decur. creamy; s. 2-4 cm. opaque white, streaked; sp. +——.</p> + +<p><b>marzuola</b>, Fr. P. compact, exp. subdepr. even, wavy, dusky; +g. unequally decur.; s. stout, short, white.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_85" id="Page_85">[Pg 85]</a></span></p> +</li><li><div class="key">*** <span class="smcap">Infundibiliformes</span>. <i>Pileus fleshy at disc, thinner +towards the margin, becoming deeply umbilicate or +infundibuliform.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Pileus coloured, or becoming pallid, silky.</i></div> + +<p><b>gigantea</b>, Sow. (= <i>Pax. giganteus</i>, Fr.) P. 12-20 cm. infundib. +whitish or tinged tan, edge coarsely striate; g. closely crowded; +s. pallid, solid, glabrous, 3-5 cm.; sp. 5 × 3.</p> + +<p><b>maxima</b>, Fr. 12-25 cm. infundib. subumb. whitish or tinged +tan, edge even; g. deeply decur.; s. 7-10 cm. compact, fibrillosely +striate, whitish; sp. 6 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>infundibiliformis</b>, Schaeff. P. 4-7 cm. convex, umb. then +infundib. yellowish pink then pale, innately silky; g. deeply decur.; +s. 5-7 cm. thinner upwards, pallid; sp. 5-6 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>var. <i>membranacea</i>, Fr. P. not umb.; s. equal; altogether more +slender than type.</p> + +<p>[<b>squamulosa</b>, Pers. P. obtuse, tan, squamulose, at first obtuse, +deeply infundib.; g. decur. distant, white; s. narrowed upwards, +elastic.</p> + +<p>[<b>nauseosodulcis</b>, Karst. Very foetid when old. P. irregular, +convex then plane, glabrous, often areolately squamulose, entirely +clay-colour; g. decur. pallid; s. excentric, rarely central, usually +unequal and curved, solid, whitish; sp. 7-8 × 5.</p> + +<p>Connato-caespitose, resembling <i>Pleurotus sapidus</i>.</p> + +<p>[<b>Panizzii</b>, Barla. Caespitose. P. convex then umbil. or infundib. +white or grey, edge lobed, wavy; g. thin, narrow, striately decur. +pale or tinged rose; s. long, wavy, white; flesh elastic, white.</p> + +<p><b>trullaeformis</b>, Fr. P. 4-5 cm. obtuse then infundib. edge +spreading, greyish brown, floccosely villose; g. decur. connected by +veins; s. 4-5 cm. striate, grey; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. cyathiforme</i> in pure white flesh and gills.</p> + +<p><b>incilis</b>, Fr. P. 4-5 cm. plane then umbil. or infundib. margin +silky, incurved, crenate, brick red; g. white then pallid, connected +by veins; s. 1-2 cm. base narrowed, red; sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>pulla</b>, Gill. P. depr. then infundib. glabrous, hygr. brown then +pale; g. united by veins, lilac grey; s. swollen at base which is downy, +colour of p. white-fibrillose below, wavy.</p> + +<p>Near <i>C. obbata</i>, which differs in striate margin, equal s. and +distant gills.</p> + +<p>[<b>lenticulosa</b>, Gill. P. exp. umbil. then infundib. dry, reddish +orange, tuberculose near the even edge; g. crowded, white then +tinged rose, finally colour of p.; s. solid, paler than p.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. lentiginosa</i> in solid s. and edge of p. not striate.</p> + +<p><b>sinopica</b>, Fr. Smell strong, mealy. P. 2-3 cm. brick red then +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_86" id="Page_86">[Pg 86]</a></span>pale, plane then umbil. at length flocculose; g. closely crowded, +white then yellow; s. red, fibrillose, 3-5 cm.; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. incilis</i> in solid stem, even edge of p. and +yellowish g.</p> + +<p>[<b>Arnoldi</b>, Boud. P. depr. then infundib. wavy, subtomentose, +minutely squamulose, ochrey brick-red; g. whitish; s. colour of p. +fibrillose below; sp. 9-11 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>lentiginosa</b>, Fr. P. plane, deeply umbil. with concentric zones +of minute tubercles, yellowish ochre; g. deeply decur. yellow; s. +hollow, equal, yellowish fuscous.</p> + +<p><b>parilis</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. disc depr. edge involute, greyish +white, ornately flocculose; g. narrow, greyish white; s. 2.3 cm. +fibrous, sooty; sp. ——.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Pileus coloured or pallid, glabrous.</i></div> + +<p><b>geotropa</b>, Bull. P. 5-12 cm. plane then infundib. obtusely +umb. pallid; g. crowded, white then pallid; s. 7-12 cm. solid, +fibrillose, flesh white; sp. 6-7 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>candida</b>, Bres. Large. P. fleshy, plano-convex then depr. edge +involute, even, pubescent, white becoming tinged tan; g. much +crowded, narrow, attenuato-decur. white then pallid; s. stout, short, +white; flesh white; sp. 7 × 3.</p> + +<p>Close to <i>C. geotropa</i> and <i>C. gigantea</i>. Differs in pure white +colour and in sp.</p> + +<p><b>gilva</b>, Pers. P. 5-8 cm. soon depr. and wavy, dingy ochre, flesh +same colour; g. closely crowded, ochre; s. 2-2.5 cm. solid, ochre; +sp. subgl. 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>subinvoluta</b>, Batsch. P. 5-8 cm. convex then depr. tinged brick +red, fibrillose, zoned; g. pale tan; s. 4-5 cm. reddish, grooved; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>spinulosa</b>, W. G. Sm. P. 3-5 cm. depr. gibbous, yellowish pink, +edge even, incurved; g. white then pale yellow; s. 5-9 cm. fibrillose, +whitish, zoned with tan; sp. globose, spinulose, 8-9.</p> + +<p><b>splendens</b>, Pers. P. 5-8 cm. plane then depr. or infund. +pinkish-yellow, shining; g. deeply decur. white; s. 2-3 cm. glabrous, +yellow; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. gilva</i> in white flesh.</p> + +<p><b>inversus</b>, Scop. P. 5-9 cm. convex then infundib. edge involute, +rufescent; g. soon tinged rufous; s. 4-6 cm. hollow, rigid, +paler than p. flesh pallid; sp. subg. 4-5. Often tufted.</p> + +<p><b>flaccidus</b>, Sow. P. 5-8 cm. thin, flaccid, umbil. then infund. +edge reflexed, tawny or rusty; g. yellowish; s. 3-4 cm. rusty, rather +wavy; sp. 4-5 × 3-4. Often tufted.</p> + +<p>var. <i>lobatus</i>, Fr. Tufted. P. darker, edge lobed.</p> + +<p>[<b>rhodoleuca</b>, Rom. Fleshy, almost glabrous, in dry weather pure +white except gills which are tinted rose; in rainy weather everywhere +inside and out deep rose, gills darkest. P. obconic, convex or almost +flattened above; sp. 6-9 × 5-6.5.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_87" id="Page_87">[Pg 87]</a></span></p><p>[<b>zizyphana</b>, Viv. P. convex then infundib. often excentric, +rufous brown, flesh reddish white; g. yellow; s. equal, pallid.</p> + +<p>[<b>cervina</b>, Hoffm. P. plano-infundib. oblique, glabrous, edge +convex, greyish fawn, subzoned; g. pallid, edge darker; s. cylindrical, +base tuberous.</p> + +<p>[<b>garidelli</b>, Fr. P. convex, at first umbil. edge incurved, deep +rose to flesh colour; g. decur. crowded, edge red; s. short, stout, +flesh colour. Edible.</p> + +<p>[<b>ambigua</b>, Karst. P. tough, orbicular, convex, obtuse, glabrous, +even, pallid rufous tinged pink then pale; g. adnato-decur. pallid; s. +glabrous, wavy, whitish, base woolly; sp. 4-5 × 3.</p> + +<p>[<b>paropsis</b>, Fr. P. plano-depr. glabrous, edge spreading, flaccid, +rufous or flesh-colour; g. narrow, shining white; s. cylindrical, base +rather bulbous.</p> + +<p><b>vermicularis</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. convex, umbil. then infund. edge +incurved, often wavy, reddish tan then pale, flesh same colour; g. +closely crowded, white; s. 3-4 cm. hollow, elastic, striate, paler than +p.; sp. 5 × 3.</p> + +<p>[<b>cacaba</b>, Fr. P. flaccid, infundib. glabrous, edge broadly reflexed, +sooty; g. very deeply decur. closely crowded, dark grey; s. striate, +base thickened, downy.</p> + +<p><b>senilis</b>, Fr. P. 4-5 cm. infundib. brownish tan, concentrically +cracked, edge spreading; g. narrow, soon colour of p.; s. 2-3 cm. +solid, glabrous, pallid; sp. 5-6 × 4.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">+++ <i>Pileus clear white.</i></div> + +<p><b>catina</b>, Fr. P. 4-5 cm. plane then infundib. glabrous, white, +discoloured when old; g. decur. somewhat crowded, white; s. +3-7 cm. elastic, white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><i>C. infundibiliformis</i> differs in not being umb. and in being +glabrous. <i>C. phyllophila</i> differs in adnate gills.</p> + +<p><b>tuba</b>, Fr. White. P. 5-8 cm. umbil. margin even, shining with +a silky lustre when dry; g. broad, closely crowded, decur.; s. 4-5 cm. +equal, soon hollow and compressed; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. pithyophila</i> in umbil. p.; g. deeply decurrent.</p> + +<p><b>ericetorum</b>, Bull. White. P. 2-3 cm. fleshy, subturbinate, +glabrous, shining when dry; g. distant, connected by veins; s. +2-3 cm. glabrous; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Resembling <i>Hygr. niveus</i> in appearance.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_88" id="Page_88">[Pg 88]</a></span></p> +</li></ol></li></ol></li><li><div class="key">B. <i>Pileus thin, hygrophanous, soft, watery.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">**** <span class="smcap">Cyathiformes</span>. <i>P. thin, depressed then cup-shaped. +Colour dingy when moist.</i></div> + +<p><b>cyathiformis</b>, Bull. P. 3-7 cm. deeply depr. edge incurved, +sooty-brown then pale; g. dingy; s. 5-9 cm. stuffed, elastic, +narrowed upwards, reticulately fibrillose, sooty; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>var. <i>cinerascens</i>, Fr. Smaller. P. pale grey-brown; g. tinged +yellow.</p> + +<p><b>expallens</b>, Pers. P. 3-5 cm. plane then deeply depr. greyish +brown then pale, margin soon expanded; g. greyish white; s. +4-5 cm. greyish white, hollow, equal; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>obbata</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. plane, umbil. then deeply depr. sooty +brown, edge at length striate; g. decur. distant, greyish, pruinose +with white; s. 4-5 cm. glabrous, greyish brown, hollow; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>fritilliformis</b>, Lasch. Convex-umbil. then infundib. glabrous, +grey then pallid, becoming fuscescent when dry, edge sublobed; +g. thickish, pallid; s. subtomentose, thickened upwards.</p> + +<p>[<b>calatha</b>, Fr. P. exp. infundib. hygr. edge soon spreading, even, +sooty; g. deeply decur. violet then reddish; s. solid, tough, striately +rugose, narrowed below, violet then reddish.</p> + +<p><b>pruinosa</b>, Lasch. P. 4-5 cm. umbil. then deeply depr. brown, +powdered with grey bloom; g. decur. crowded, narrow, dingy; +s. 3-5 cm. fibrillose, pallid; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>concava</b>, Scop. P. 3-5 cm. broadly and deeply umbil. flaccid, +wavy, dark grey; g. decur. narrow, smoky; s. 2-3 cm. equal, +glabrous, grey; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>vibecina</b>, Fr. P. exp. then infundib. greyish livid then pale, +margin soon extended, striate; g. deeply decur. greyish white; +s. hollow, glabrous, rather wavy.</p> + +<p>[<b>Queletii</b>, Fr. P. convex, umbil. whitish with brown squamules +when dry; g. deeply decur. whitish; s. flocculose, whitish.</p> + +<p><b>suaveolens</b>, Fr. Fragrant. P. 2-3 cm. convex then concave, +discoid, buff, hygr. margin striate; gills crowded, pallid; s. 4-5 cm. +thinner upwards, tinged brown; sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p>Among grass. Differs from <i>C. fragrans</i> in concave pileus with +striate margin.</p> + +<p><b>brumalis</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. umbil. then deeply depr. flaccid, +glabrous, wavy, livid, pale when dry; g. pallid; s. 4-5 cm. glabrous, +whitish, often curved; sp. 4-5 × 3-4.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_89" id="Page_89">[Pg 89]</a></span></p> +</li><li><div class="key">***** <span class="smcap">Orbiformes</span>. <i>Pileus rather fleshy, convex then +flattened or depressed, polished; g. adnate; dingy, +becoming pale.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Gills grey or olive.</i></div> + +<p><b>orbiformis</b>, Fr. P. 4-5 cm. convexo-plane, even, smoky grey; +g. greyish white; s. 5-7 cm. naked, narrowed upwards, grey; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. cyathiforme</i> in plane p.</p> + +<p>[<b>applanata</b>, Secr. P. exp. disc depr. flaccid, lurid then hoary; +g. greyish white; s. fuscous with white down, pallid and silky fibrillose +upwards.</p> + +<p>[<b>insignis</b>, Gill. P. conical, convex, then exp. edge more or less +wavy and upturned, much depr. round strong umbo, even, glabrous, +red, umb. rusty; g. closely crowded, clear white; s. cylindrical, solid, +colour of p.</p> + +<p>[<b>papillata</b>, Gillet. P. convex then exp. with a little persistent +brown umbo, glabrous, hygr. slightly striate, clear reddish; g. pallid; +s. subequal, wavy, white-pruinose, apex colour of p.</p> + +<p>[<b>radicellata</b>, Godey. P. convex, umbil. purplish brown, grey-pruinose; +g. crowded, soon yellowish grey; s. equal, curved, colour of +g. with a white bloom, base white with a number of branched +strands.</p> + +<p>[<b>ochracea</b>, Gill. P. irreg. umb. uniformly ochre, silky or pruinose; +g. distant; s. excentric, colour deeper than p.</p> + +<p>[<b>macrophylla</b>, Karst. P. thin, convex, orbicular, livid-white then +paler and shining; g. adnate, very broad, triangular, white; s. wavy, +whitish, glabrous, base thickened; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>lepiphylla</b>, Gill. P. convex then depr. uniformly pale grey then +pallid; g. decur. tinged grey; s. elastic, wavy, grey, with a white +bloom, with longitudinal whitish striae.</p> + +<p><b>metachroa</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. convexo-plane then depr. brownish +grey, then livid, at last pallid; g. pale grey; s. 2-3 cm. grey, apex +mealy; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>zygophylla</b>, Cke. and Mass. P. 4-7 cm. thin, wavy, slightly +depr. greyish ochre then pallid, edge plicate; g. deeply decur. grey, +veined; s. 4-5 cm. smooth, pallid; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>pausiaca</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. soon plane, umber with olive tinge, +often silky; g. adnate, olive; s. 4-6 cm. striate, coloured like p., +apex powdery; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>ditopa</b>, Fr. Smell strong, mealy. P. 2-3 cm. plane then depr. +brownish grey then pale, often wavy; g. adnate, dusky grey; s. +2.3 cm. hollow; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. metachroa</i> in mealy smell.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_90" id="Page_90">[Pg 90]</a></span></p><p>[<b>nubila</b>, Fr. P. exp. umb. livid then tan, glabrous; g. subdecur. +rather distant, brownish tan; s. slender, apex pruinose.</p> + +<p>[<b>obola</b>, Fr. P. convexo-plane, obtuse, glabrous, hygr. livid then +whitish; g. adnate, livid; s. equal, thin, striate, naked, livid.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Gills whitish.</i></div> + +<p><b>diatreta</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. plane then depr. edge involute, +pubescent, often wavy, flesh colour then pallid tan; g. with an acute +decur. tooth, crowded, narrow; s. 3-5 cm. pallid, straight, terete; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>fragrans</b>, Sow. Smell strong, spicy, 2-3 cm. depr. pallid; g. +subdecur. rather crowded; s. 4-5 cm. elastic, glabrous; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><i>C. suaveolens</i> differs in cup-shaped p. and brownish stem.</p> + +<p><b>angustissima</b>, Fr. P. 4-5 cm. plano-depr. edge spreading, +pallid, shining white when dry; g. subdecur. narrow, closely crowded; +s. 4-5 cm. white, naked, flexuous; sp. 5 × 3.</p> + +<p>[<b>isabellina</b>, Q. P. yellowish white, umb. hygr.; g. thick, often +branched, whitish; s. fistulose, wavy, white, base narrowed.</p> + +<p><b>obsoletus</b>, Batsch. Smell spicy, but weak. P. 2-3 cm. plano-depr. +even, pale pinky tan, pale when dry; g. obtusely adnate, broad; +s. 2-3 cm. elastic, soon hollow, whitish; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>mortuosa</b>, Fr. P. plano-depr. umber or brown then pale, even; +g. adnate, closely crowded, narrow, whitish; s. short, glabrous, compr. +whitish.</p> + +<p>[<b>gyrans</b>, Fr. P. convex-umb. even, glabrous, hygr. edge broadly +incurved, whitish; g. crowded, white; s. hollow, glabrous.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">****** <span class="smcap">Versiformes</span>. <i>Pileus thin, convex then deformed, +squamulose or furfuraceous; g. adnate, +broad; usually distant and powdered with the white +spores.</i></div> + +<p><b>ectypa</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. exp. then depr. revolute, dingy yellow or +rufescent, slightly streaked with dark fibrils, edge slightly striate; g. +adnate, pallid then spotted with red and powdered with the spores; +s. 5-10 cm. dingy yellowish, fibrillose; sp. 9 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>difformis</b>, Pers. P. convex, plane, subumbil. glabrous, hygr. +striate when moist, even when dry, at length subsquamulose, livid +then whitish; g. adnate, distant; s. hollow, glabrous, shining.</p> + +<p>var. <i>stygia</i>, Fr. P. campan. umbil.; g. adnexed, ventricose; +s. long, slender.</p> + +<p>[<b>incompta</b>, Fr. P. plane then depr. blackish olive, virgate with +adglutinated blackish fibrils, viscid; g. pale grey; s. fibrillosely striate, +grey.</p> + +<p>[<b>xanthophylla</b>, Bres. P. convex-umbil. dry greyish-hoary, virgate +especially at centre with brownish fibrils; g. decur. clear yellow; s. +greyish-white, fibrillose.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_91" id="Page_91">[Pg 91]</a></span></p><p>[<b>nigropunctata</b>, Secr. P. exp. umb. whitish, mealy, disc dotted +with black; g. crowded, pallid then yellowish; s. hollow, striate with +black.</p> + +<p>[<b>pachyphylla</b>, Fr. P. convexo-plane, dingy yellow or rufescent, +floccosely squamulose; g. thick, distant, yellow; s. tough, yellow.</p> + +<p>var. <i>absinthiata</i>. P. scurfy-squamulose, brown-ochre; g. very +broad, grey then pallid.</p> + +<p><b>bella</b>, Pers. P. 2-3 cm. exp. depr. or umbil. orange yellow with +darker squamules; g. yellow, connected by veins, mealy; s. 4-5 cm. +yellowish; sp. 6-7, subgl. warted.</p> + +<p><b>laccata</b>, Scop. (= <i>Laccaria</i>, B. and Br.). P. exp. subumbil. irreg. +mealy subsquamulose, violet or brown, whitish when dry, 2-4 cm.; +g. thick, distant, coloured like p., mealy; s. 4-7 cm. fibrous, colour +of p.; sp. globose, warted, 8-9.</p> + +<p><b>proxima</b>, Boud. P. 2-3 cm. convex then plane, glabrous, +yellowish-brown; g. adnato-decurrent, pinkish; s. 6-7 cm. even, +smooth, paler than pileus; sp. 7 × 3.5.</p> + +<p>Resembling the brown form of <i>C. laccata</i>, differing in the elliptical, +warted spores and glabrous pileus.</p> + +<p>[<b>sandicina</b>, Fr. P. convexo-plane, umbil. deformed, even, hygr. +at length greyish-mealy; g. adnate, crowded, purplish, almost naked; +s. hollow, unequal, glabrous, purplish.</p> + +<p>[<b>grumata</b>, Scop. P. campan.-convex, glabrous, cracked into +squamules, disc depr. yellow; g. broadly adnate, distant, white; +s. equal, pallid.</p> + +<p><b>sadleri</b>, Berk. This is only an abnormal condition of <i>Hypholoma +fasciculare</i>.</p> +</li></ol></li></ol> + +<h3>OMPHALIA, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">I. <span class="smcap">Collybiarii</span>. <i>Pileus expanded from the first, +edge incurved.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Usually large, gills narrow, closely crowded.</i></div> + +<p><b>hydrogramma</b>, Fr. Livid white, white when dry. P. 4-7 cm. +flaccid, thin, umbil. hygr. edge spreading, striate; g. closely crowded; +s. 6-8 cm. base rooting; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>Clito. phyllophila</i> in polished stem.</p> + +<p>[<b>chrysoleuca</b>, Fr. P. very thin, umbil. shining, white, edge +reflexed, substriate; g. yellowish; s. smooth, base thickened; sp. +8-10 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>ventosa</b>, Fr. P. infundib. glabrous, flaccid, flesh-colour, hygr.; +g. white then flesh-colour; s. colour of p.</p> + +<p>[<b>dumosa</b>, Fr. P. very thin, plane, subumbil. rigid, deep brick-red; +g. pallid; s. glabrous, colour of p.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_92" id="Page_92">[Pg 92]</a></span></p><p><b>detrusa</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. rather fleshy, umbil. dark grey; g. +with a decur. tooth, whitish; s. 2-3 cm. glabrous, dark grey; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>umbilicata</b>, Fr. P. umbil. then infundib. edge reflexed, even, +hygr. tinged brown, then pale but disc darker; g. whitish; s. terete, +apex striate with white fibrils; sp. 6-8 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>maura</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. thin, deeply umbil. hygr. striate, sooty +brown, pale and silky when dry; g. shining white; s. 3-5 cm. rigid, +straight, blackish; sp. 5-6 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>Col. atrata</i> in decur. narrow gills.</p> + +<p>[<b>lituua</b>, Fr. P. thin, plane, deeply umbil. hygr. even, bay then +tan; g. grey; s. slightly wavy, grey.</p> + +<p><b>offuciata</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. plano-depr. flesh-colour then pale; g. +colour of p.; s. 4-5 cm. glabrous, reddish; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>scyphoides</b>, Fr. Shining white. P. infundib. silky, unequal; g. +narrow; s. subvillose, short; sp. 6 × 2.</p> + +<p>[<b>albula</b>, Q. P. umbil. thin, wavy, glabrous; s. solid, slender, +incurved; g. adnato-decur. unequal, yellowish; sp. 10-12 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>Giovanellae</b>, Bres. P. thin, convex and umbil. then exp. and +umbil., edge striate, silky-flocculose, grey then hoary brown; g. decur. +crowded, colour of p.; s. glabrous, colour of p.; sp. 8 × 3.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>Omp. scyphoides</i> in hoary-grey colour of every part.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Medium size; gills rather distant, narrow, +narrowed at both ends.</i></div> + +<p><b>chrysophylla</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. thin, umbil. flaccid, floccose, +brownish yellow then paler, edge reflexed; g. deep golden yellow; s. +3-5 cm. yellow; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>O. Postii</i> in the floccose pileus.</p> + +<p><b>Postii</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. thin, umbil. glabrous, orange; g. whitish; +s. 4-6 cm. glabrous, yellow; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>var. <i>aurea</i>, Mass. P. very regular; g. slightly decur.; sp. 7 × 3.5.</p> + +<p><b>vesuviana</b>, Brig. P. infundib. orange, edge at length wavy; +g. thickish, narrow; s. fibrillose, colour of p.</p> + +<p><b>pyxidata</b>, Bull. P. 1.5-2 cm. thin, infundib. rufous-red, radiately +striate, pale when dry, hygr.; g. flesh-colour then yellowish; s. 1.5-2 +cm. tough, pale tawny; sp. 7-8 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>leucophylla</b>, Fr. P. 3-4 cm. thin, quite infundib. dark grey, +even; g. shining white; s. 3-5 cm. grey; sp. 10 long.</p> + +<p><b>Luffii</b>, Mass. Fragrant. P. 2-3 cm. convex then depr. glabrous, +pallid then white; g. crowded, decur. pallid; s. 2-3 cm. solid, pallid, +polished, often wavy; sp. 5 × 3.</p> + +<p>Ground among grass &c. Differs from <i>Clito. fragrans</i> in short, +polished stem.</p> + +<p><b>costatula</b>, Bres. P. infundib. then revolute, brown, glabrous, +edge striate wavy; g. decur. straw-colour, joined by veins; s. +glabrous, tinged straw-colour, base brownish; sp. 6 × 4.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_93" id="Page_93">[Pg 93]</a></span></p><p><b>striaepileus</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. plane, umbil. glabrous, entirely +striate, livid brown, hygr.; g. white; s. 4-5 cm. tough, tinged +brown; sp. rough, 6-7.</p> + +<p><b>Nevillae</b>, B. P. 1-1.5 cm. depr. rugose, disc granulated, striate, +brown then pale; g. white, veined; s. 2-3 cm. brownish, rough, base +downy; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><i>O. affricata</i> differs in scaly p.</p> + +<p><b>sphagnicola</b>, B. P. 2-3 cm. thin, soon deeply umbil. squamulose, +dingy ochraceous; g. dingy ochre; s. 3-4 cm. slightly flexuous, +colour of p.; sp. 6 × 3.</p> + +<p><b>telmatiaea</b>, B. P. 3-7 cm. thin, pliant, soon infund. edge +arched and drooping, umber, hygr. pale and silky when dry; g. +pallid; s. 2-4 cm. grey, base cottony, white; sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>affricata</b>, Fr. P. umbil. then infundib. not striate, edge bent +down, everywhere with blackish squamules; g. grey; s. glabrous, +greyish.</p> + +<p>[<b>epichysia</b>, Pers. Soft. P. thin, exp. umbil. sooty grey, pallid +when dry, silky or floccosely scaly; g. plano-decur. whitish then grey; +s. grey; sp. 8-10 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>philonitis</b>, Lasch. P. 1-2 cm. deeply umbil. edge erect, hygr. +floccose when dry, grey; g. deeply decur. greyish; s. 3-5 cm. +glabrous, grey; sp. 5-7 × 3.5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>O. oniscus</i> and <i>O. epichysium</i> in erect margin of p.</p> + +<p>[<b>campestris</b>, Rom. P. campan. umbil. then exp. sooty-fuscous, +sulcate when dry; g. greyish-white, decur.; s. equal, glabrous, colour +of p. Appearing late in the season; glabrous; sp. 9-13 × 6-8.</p> + +<p><b>oniscus</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. thin, infundib. wavy, flaccid, glabrous, +even, grey; g. grey; s. 2-3 cm. wavy, grey; sp. 6 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>oniscoides</b>, Karst. P. convex-umbil. sometimes reflexed and +concave, glabrous, everywhere pellucidly striate, sooty or livid +fuscous, pallid grey when dry; g. adnate, then subdecur. white or +greyish, edge denticulate, s. tinged fuscous, base darkest; sp. +5-6 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>caespitosa</b>, Bolt. P. 1-2 cm. thin, hemisph. umbil. sulcate, +whitish ochre; g. whitish; s. 1-2 cm. coloured like p., base thickened; +sp. 6 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>arenicola</b>, Fr. P. thin, cup-shaped, wavy, with wart-like spots, +umber; g. paler than p.; s. short, umber.</p> + +<p><b>glaucophylla</b>, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. infundib. plicato-striate, hygr. +mouse-colour then paler; g. olive; s. stuffed, firm; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>rustica</b>, Fr. P. 5-8 mm. thin, slightly convex, umbil. striate, +hygr. greyish brown then paler and silky; g. grey, edge arcuate; s. +2-2.5 cm., colour of p.; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>O. umbellifera</i> by gills being narrowed behind.</p> + +<p>[<b>scyphiformis</b>, Fr. White. P. infundib. glabrous; g. decur. +thin; s. thin, short, glabrous.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>O. scyphoides</i> in glabrous stem.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_94" id="Page_94">[Pg 94]</a></span></p> +</li><li><div class="key">*** <i>Gills truly distant, broad, usually thick.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>tricolor</b>, A. and S. P. ochraceous white, thin, umbil.; g. orange, +at first with rosy pruinose; s. yellowish.</p> + +<p>[<b>cortiseda</b>, Karst. P. convex then plane, radiato-striate, glabrous, +pallid; g. adnato-decur. very distant, thickish, few, pallid; s. equal, +hyaline, pallid; sp. 10-11 × 4-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>sciopoda</b>, Q. P. convex then umbil. rather crisped, pale straw-colour, +pruinose; g. adnate, thick, sometimes branched, straw-colour +then tinged rose; s. slender, wavy, velvety-pruinose, white above, +grey below.</p> + +<p><b>demissa</b>, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. thin, plane then umbil. striate, +shining rufous then pale; g. purplish; s. 1 cm., colour of p.; sp. 7 × 5. +(10-12 × 6-8 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>[<b>grisella</b>, Karst. P. convex, disc depr. silky, sulcate, pale +fuscescent, whitish when dry; g. adnate, distant, plane, whitish; +s. equal, glabrous, apex pruinose, pale, becoming more or less smoky; +sp. 6-10 × 2-4.</p> + +<p><b>hepatica</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. tough, rigid, infundib. glabrous, +brownish flesh-colour then pale; g. narrow, whitish, connected by +veins; s. 2 cm. very tough, colour of p.; sp. 5-8 × 2-4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>O. pyxidata</i> in toughness, even edge of p. and pallid +gills.</p> + +<p><b>muralis</b>, Sow. P. 1-2 cm. becoming infundib. radiato-striate, +rufous brown; g. pallid; s. 1-1.5 cm. glabrous, coloured like p.; sp. +rough, 10 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>cuneifolia</b>, Karst. Very fragile. P. convex then plane, obtuse, +dry, glabrous, pellucidly striate when moist, sooty, tan when dry; g. +adnate, distant, thickish; broad, ventricose or broadest in front, +obliquely truncate, greyish; s. apex scurfy, solid; sp. 10-12 × 9-10.</p> + +<p>[<b>lilacina</b>, Laest. P. plane, violet then pale; g. deeply decur. +connected by veins, yellow; s. persistently violet.</p> + +<p><b>umbellifera</b>, L. P. 1-2 cm. convexo-plane, radiately striate, +even and rather silky when dry, grey, yellow, brownish, pallid, &c.; +g. very distant and broad behind, colour of p.; s. 1 cm. colour of p.; +sp. 3 × 2.5.</p> + +<p>var. <i>myochroa</i>, Fr. P. brownish umber; s. strigosely rooting.</p> + +<p>var. <i>abiegena</i>, B. and Br. Pale yellow.</p> + +<p>var. <i>viridis</i>, Fl. Dan. Every part pale green.</p> + +<p>[<b>Kalchbrenneri</b>, Bres. P. tough, convex, umbil. subexp. glabrous, +hygr. subochre; g. deeply decur. whitish; s. colour of p., base often +brownish; sp. 8-10 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>velutina</b>, Q. Downy, greyish. P. umbil. striate; g. arcuate; s. +filiform, base white floccose; sp. 8 long.</p> + +<p><b>infumata</b>, B. and Br. P. 3-4 mm. obtuse, greenish then smoky; +g. few, broad, yellow; s. 2 cm. thin, yellow, tomentose below.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_95" id="Page_95">[Pg 95]</a></span></p><p>[<b>griseolilacina</b>, Steinh. Entirely greyish lilac, grey when dry; p. +umb. then exp. edge incurved, even, glabrous; g. adnate then decur.; +s. cylindrical, equal; sp. 6-9 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>buccinalis</b>, Sow. White. P. up to 1 cm. trumpet-shaped, plane +or depr.; g. deeply decur. triangular; s. expanding into p.; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>hirsuta</b>, Q. (= <i>O. caricicola</i>, Lasch). Hyaline-white, soon flaccid. +P. umbil. convex, very thin; gills or folds obliterated; s. capillary, +short, pilose, base bulbillose; sp. rough, 9 long.</p> + +<p><b>retosta</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. plano-depr. umber, polished and pale +when dry; g. distant, broad, narrowed at both ends, paler than p.; s. +2 cm. glabrous, paler than p.; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>O. umbellifera</i> in having gills narrowed behind.</p> + +<p><b>abhorrens</b>, B. and Br. Foetid. P. 1-1.5 cm. umbil. brown then +pale; g. narrow, pale; s. 2 cm. slender, apex thickened, colour of p.; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>pseudoandrosacea</b>, Bull. P. convex, umbil. then infundib. plicate, +edge crenulate, whitish or grey; g. deeply decur. segmentoid; s. +slender; sp. 5-7 × 3-4.</p> + +<p><b>griseo-pallida</b>, Desm. P. plane, umbil. even, glabrous, brownish +grey then pale; g. broadest behind, grey; s. stuffed, fuscous, 1 cm.; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>O. umbellifera</i> and <i>O. rustica</i> by p. not being striate +when moist.</p> + +<p><b>albidopallens</b>, Karst. P. convex, orbicular, scarcely umbil. +pellucidly striate, naked, hyaline white or pallid; g. adnate, decur. +crowded, pallid; s. equal, naked, pallid; sp. 4-5 × 3.</p> + +<p>[<b>schizoxylon</b>, Fr. P. thin, almost plane, umbil. glabrous, grey; +g. narrow, paler than p.; s. rufous brown.</p> + +<p>[<b>bibula</b>, Q. P. umbil. when moist, silky, olive-yellow then grey; +g. arcuate, broad, citrin; s. tinged citrin.</p> + +<p>Near to if not identical with <i>Hygr. Wynniae</i>.</p> + +<p><b>stellata</b>, Fr. White. P. convex, umbil. diaphanous, striate; g. +very distant, thin, broad; s. equal, base radiately floccose; sp. 4 × 6.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">II. <span class="smcap">Mycenarii</span>. <i>P. at first campanulate, margin +straight, adpressed to stem.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Gills broad, perfect, unequal.</i></div> + +<p><b>campanella</b>, Batsch. P. 1 cm. convex, umbil. striate, hygr. rusty +yellow; g. connected by veins, arcuate, yellow; s. 2-3 cm. horny, bay, +base narrowed, tawny-strigose; sp. 6-7 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>var. <i>badipus</i>, Cke. Base of s. slightly bulbous.</p> + +<p>var. <i>papillata</i>, Fr. P. acutely conical.</p> + +<p>var. <i>myriadea</i>, Kalchbr. Small, caespitose.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_96" id="Page_96">[Pg 96]</a></span></p><p>[<b>incomis</b>, Karst. P. convex, umbil. glabrous or broken up into +squamules, pale fuscous; g. adnato-decur. broad, white; s. tough, +thinner below, colour of p.; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>psilocyboides</b>, Karst. P. convex, umbil. glabrous, tawny yellow; +g. very broad, yellowish-white; s. 8-12 cm. equal, bay, white-fibrillose, +apex paler and pruinose; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>brunneola</b>, Q. Chestnut umber. P. umbil. squamulose; g. +arcuate, white; s. floccosely punctate, base with spreading fawn-coloured +down; sp. 10.</p> + +<p>[<b>atripes</b>, Rab. P. thin, plano-depr. infundib. brown, pale and +silky shining when dry; g. very broad behind, brownish, albo-pruinose; +s. black, base bluish-pruinose.</p> + +<p>[<b>Laestadii</b>, Fr. P. hemispherical, umbil. even, tawny-bay, shining; +g. distinct, yellow; s. rigid rufous bay.</p> + +<p><b>picta</b>, Fr. P. 1 cm. campan. cucullate, umbil. glabrous, striate, +fuscous; g. very broad, pallid; s. horny, bay, membranous spreading +base tawny; sp. 7-10 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>camptophylla</b>, B. P. 1 cm. convex then exp. deeply striate, disc +brown, rest pale grey; g. ascending then abruptly decur. white; s. +3-4 cm. very slender, whitish, base radiately strigose; sp. 8-10 +× 6-8.</p> + +<p>[<b>cyanophylla</b>, Fr. P. thin, camp. umbil. striate, livid or bluish +becoming yellowish; g. clear blue; s. glabrous; sp. 5-7 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>[<b>Cornui</b>, Q. P. umbil. tawny; g. yellow with violet tinge; s. horny, +bay, base inflated, downy, yellow.</p> + +<p>[<b>reclina</b>, Fr. P. thin, rigid camp. then entirely infundib. livid; +g. thick, white or grey; s. tough; sp. 6 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>deflexa</b>, Karst. P. campan.-convex, mostly umbil. everywhere +striate, fuscescent or pale livid, pale when dry; g. decur. arcuate, +white; s. solid, tough, pallid, glabrous; sp. 6-7 × 4-6.</p> + +<p><b>umbratila</b>, Fr. P. 2 cm. thin, campan. then convex, umbil. umber +brown, hygr.; g. broad, brownish; s. 3-4 cm. stuffed, brownish; sp. +7 × 5.</p> + +<p>Readily mistaken with <i>Coll. atrata</i> and <i>C. ambusta</i>, differs in subdecur. +gills.</p> + +<p>[<b>invita</b>, Karst. P. convex, umbil. glabrous, striate when moist, +sooty or livid sooty, pale when dry; g. adnate, very broad, white; s. +colour of p.; sp. glob. 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>grisea</b>, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. camp. glabrous, everywhere striate, +livid grey then hoary; g. distant, greyish; s. greyish-white, apex +thickened, 5-7 cm.; sp. 7-8 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>setipes</b>, Fr. P. convex, subpapillate, everywhere striate, brownish-grey; +g. greyish white, connected by veins; s. filiform, base pubescent; +sp. 6-7 × 2-3.</p> + +<p><b>fibula</b>, Bull. P. up to 1 cm. cucullate then exp. umbil. striate, +orange yellow then pale; g. deeply decur. pale; s. 3-4 cm. very +slender, weak, pale orange; sp. 4-5 × 2.</p> + +<p>var. <i>Swartzii</i>, Fr. Apex of stem violet.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_97" id="Page_97">[Pg 97]</a></span></p><p>[<b>chlorocyanea</b>, Pat. Small, entirely bluish green outside and +inside. P. convex; g. distant, decur. unequal; s. solid, slender.</p> + +<p><b>directa</b>, B. and Br. P. 2-3 mm. nail-shaped flat at apex, white; +g. decur. white; s. rather wavy, 2 cm. whitish, tinged rufous, with +long hairs at base.</p> + +<p><b>belliae</b>, Johnst. P. 1 cm. thin, dry, top-shaped, infundib. pallid; +g. decur. thick, veined; s. 2-3 cm. brownish, adhering by a cottony +base.</p> + +<p>[<b>pectinata</b>, Rom. Entirely white, glabrous, hygr. P. thin, convex, +umbil. edge wavy or lobed, sulcate to middle; g. decur. distant; +s. subequal, almost glabrous; sp. 6-7 × 3.</p> + +<p><b>gracillima</b>, Weinm. Snow-white. P. 4-5 mm. downy, sulcate; +g. decur. distant, thin; s. 1.5 cm. filiform, base cottony; sp. 6-7 × 3.</p> + +<p>[<b>gracilis</b>, Q. Snow-white. P. apiculate, striato-sulcate, glabrous; +g. arcuate, distant; s. filiform, pellucid, pruinose, base downy, rooting; +sp. 8 × 2.</p> + +<p>[<b>candida</b>, Bres. Shining white. P. thin, convex, exp. often +papillate, glabrous, pellucidly striate; g. deeply decur. connected by +veins at base; s. splitting into fibres, glabrous, base rooting, strigose; +sp. 9-11 × 4.5-5.</p> + +<p><b>bullula</b>, Brig. White. P. 3-4 mm. even, hemisph. diaphanous; +g. arched, decur.; s. 2 cm. filiform.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills fold-like, narrow.</i></div> + +<p><b>integrella</b>, Pers. White. P. 3-7 mm. hemisph. then exp. +pellucid-striate; g. equal, fold-like, distant, rather branched; s. very +slender, pubescent; sp. 6-7 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>microscopica</b>, Wirt. Minute, diaphanous. P. 3-4 mm. infundib. +4-6, sulcate; g. very narrow, arcuate; s. capillary.</p> + +<p><b>polyadelphus</b>, Lasch. Pure white. P. 2-3 mm. coarsely striate +and minutely flocculose; g. decurrent; s. 1-2 cm. very slender, base +downy; sp. 5 × 2.5.</p> + +<p>[<b>cuspidata</b>, Q. Hyaline white. P. very acuminate, striate, flocculose; +g. decur. branched; s. filiform, pulverulent, the slight bulb +hairy; sp. 8 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>crispula</b>, Q. White, diaphanous. P. crisped, pruinose; g. +wrinkled, very thin; s. short, filiform, pruinose; sp. 8 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>gibba</b>, Pat. (= <i>Cyphella infundibuliformis</i>, Fr.). White, minute. +P. trumpet-shaped, gibbous then deeply infundib. downy; g. mere +traces of folds; s. slender, downy.</p> +</li></ol></li></ol> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_98" id="Page_98">[Pg 98]</a></span></p><h3>PLEUROTUS, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">A. <span class="smcap">Excentrici</span>. <i>Pileus entire, extended laterally, +excentric but not truly lateral.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Veil forming a ring on the stem.</i></div> + +<p><b>corticatus</b>, Fr. P. 8-18 cm. convex then exp. covered with +dense greyish down then floccosely squamulose; g. decur. white, +anastomosing behind; tinged yellow when old; s. 3-7 cm. subexc. +rooting, ring torn; s. 9-14 × 4-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>Albertinii</b>, Fr. P. convex, dimidiate, sooty, with black squamules; +g. decur. distinct, white; s. with black squamules up to sooty +ring.</p> + +<p><b>dryinus</b>, Pers. P. 5-9 cm. oblique or subcircular, hard, whitish +with brownish spot-like squamules, flesh white then yellowish; g. +decur. not anastomosing behind, white tinged yellow; s. 2-3 cm. +sublateral, ring fugacious, torn; sp. 10 × 4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. corticatus</i> in gills not anastomosing behind.</p> + +<p><b>spongiosus</b>, Fr. P. 5-8 cm. spongy, pulvinate, greyish tomentose; +g. sinuato-adnexed, white, simple; s. 1-3 cm. tomentose, white, +ring white, soon torn; sp. 8-10 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>calyptratus</b>, Lindbl. P. soft, lateral-dimidiate, horizontal, +reniform, glabrous, viscid, sooty or livid; g. adnate to a nodule, +crowded, white then yellowish; s. a downy nodule, viscid membranous +ring torn.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills sinuate or obtusely adnate.</i></div> + +<p><b>ulmarius</b>, Bull. P. 8-15 cm. convex then plane, glabrous, livid +then pale, spotted; g. adnexed, broad, whitish; s. 1-3 cm. base +thickened, tomentose; sp. 5-6, glob.</p> + +<p><b>tessulatus</b>, Bull. P. 7-10 cm. convex then plane or depr. +behind, glabrous, tawny then paler and spotted; g. uncinato-adnate, +white then yellowish; s. 1-3 cm. glabrous; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>pardalis</b>, Schulz. Caespitose. P. fleshy, convex, subcentral, +glabrous, chestnut then spotted; g. free, crowded, pallid; s. stout, +solid, connate at base, white.</p> + +<p>[<b>decorus</b>, Fr. Yellow. P. thin, convex then exp. obtuse, rough +with adnate blackish scales; g. obtusely adnate, crowded; s. stuffed +then hollow, fibrillose; sp. glob. 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>ornatus</b>, Fr. P. convexo-plane, umb. with rusty floccose squamules +that disappear; g. adnate, very broad, yellow; s. spongy, yellow; +sp. 6 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>properatus</b>, C. Mart. P. membranous, form various, always +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_99" id="Page_99">[Pg 99]</a></span>umbil. central or excentric, yellowish white with concentric brown +scales; g. adnato-decur. tinged yellow, edge eroded; s. cylindric with +concentric brown scales, ring membranaceous, fugacious.</p> + +<p><b>subpalmatus</b>, Fr. P. 7-12 cm. Caespitose. Convex then depr. +rugulose, rufescent, cuticle gelatinous; g. adnate, connected behind, +dingy; s. 3-4 cm. incurved; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Remarkable for the variegated flesh.</p> + +<p>[<b>coripellis</b>, Fr. P. rigid, glabrous, moist, somewhat bay, thick +pellicle separable, disc compact, umb.; g. arcuato-adnate, plane, +crowded, white; s. excentric, vertical, rigid, fibrillosely striate, +whitish.</p> + +<p>P. almost black but fawn or yellow-brown when dry. Flesh tinged +fuscous.</p> + +<p><b>craspedius</b>, Fr. Caespitose. P. 8-14 cm. thin, crenate or lobed, +brick-red or paler, glabrous; g. adnate, narrow, crowded, white; s. +4-7 cm. solid, elastic, glabrous, pallid; sp. 5.</p> + +<p><b>fimbriatus</b>, Bolt. P. 4-7 cm. thin, plane then depr. margin +sinuate or lobed, hygr. hyaline, whitish; g. adnate, closely crowded, +white; s. 2-3 cm. firm, compr. downy; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>lignatilis</b>, Fr. Whitish. P. tough, convex then plane, umbil. +irreg. floccosely pruinose then glabrous; g. adnate, crowded, narrow, +shining white; s. irreg. rather downy; sp. 4 × 3.</p> + +<p>var. <i>tephrocephalus</i>, Fr. P. more compact, disc black then grey, +edge white.</p> + +<p><b>Ruthae</b>, B. and Br. P. 3-7 cm. more or less fan-shaped, whitish +or yellowish-buff, cuticle gelatinous, rather hispid; g. anastomosing +behind, white then reddish, veined; s. 1-3 cm. reddish, hispid; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. pantoleucus</i> in g. anastomosing behind, and not +decurrent.</p> + +<p><b>circinatus</b>, Fr. White. P. 5-7 cm. plane, orbicular, silky-pruinose; +g. adnato-decur. crowded; s. 2-5 cm. equal, glabrous, +rooting; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>olearius</b>, D. C. Caespitose. P. subexcentric plane or umbil. dry, +reddish tawny or deep brown; g. decur. narrow, yellow; s. solid, +firm, reddish-brown; sp. 5 × 4.</p> + +<p>Gills phosphorescent.</p> + +<p>var. <i>carpini</i> (= <i>P. carpini</i>, Fr.). P. convexo-exp. angular, +rivulosely scaly when dry; s. slender, short, excentric or lateral; g. +adnexed, thin, rusty.</p> + +<p>[<b>juglandinus</b>, Kalchbr. P. plano-convex, even, glabrous, dingy +golden-yellow, rather lobed; g. decur. distant, ends narrowed; s. excentric, +solid, brown-pilose; sp. 5.5 × 2.5.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">*** <i>Gills decurrent; stem almost vertical.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>aquifolii</b>, Fr. P. rather wavy, soft, convex then plane, dusky +tan; g. thick, dusky, joined in a ring behind; s. stout, equal, white. +Edible.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_100" id="Page_100">[Pg 100]</a></span></p><p>[<b>eryngii</b>, D. C. P. fleshy, tough, exp. depr. irreg. rufous-grey, +scabrid-virgate; g. broad, tinged pink; s. naked, whitish, solid; sp. +7-9 × 3.5.</p> + +<p>[<b>nebrodensis</b>, Inzeng. P. compact, convex then depr. even, +glabrous, grey; g. decur. whitish; s. solid, excentric or lateral, short, +ascending, whitish.</p> + +<p>[<b>nauseosodulcis</b>, Karst. P. soft, irreg. unequal, exp. even, glabrous, +entirely tan; g. decur. crowded, pallid; s. excentric, rarely +central, solid, tomentose, whitish; sp. 7-8 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>sapidus</b>, Kalchbr. Caespitose. P. fleshy, deformed, centre depr. +glabrous, pallid; g. decur. whitish; several stems springing from a +common base; sp. 11-12 × 4.</p> + +<p>More or less trumpet-shaped. Edible.</p> + +<p>[<b>cornucopoides</b>, Pers. P. very variable in form, convex, depr. +glabrous, white then livid yellow; g. decur. white; s. subexcentric to +lateral, expanding into p.</p> + +<p>[<b>lingulatus</b>, Paulet. P. dimidiate or entire, umbil. convex, +deformed, even, pale ochre, edge incurved; g. subdecur. closely +crowded, paler than p.; s. solid, long, subcompr. white; sp. 10-12 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>melanopus</b>, Fr. P. excentric or dimidiate, deformed, somewhat +lobed, glabrous pale rufous; g. decur. crowded, narrow, whitish +red; s. solid, glabrous, ascending, black.</p> + +<p>[<b>spodoleucus</b>, Fr. P. plane, orbicular, even, glabrous, greyish; +g. crowded, white, separate behind; s. solid, glabrous, paler than p.; +sp. 5-6 × 2-3.</p> + +<p><b>pantoleucus</b>, Fr. White. P. 4-7 cm. even, glabrous, spathulate, +depr. behind, marginate; g. crowded, distinct at base; s. +1-2 cm. ascending, glabrous, not rooting; sp. 11-12 × 4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. spodoleucus</i> in pileus being white and depressed +behind.</p> + +<p>[<b>pometi</b>, Fr. White. P. fleshy, rather flaccid, convex, even, disc +depr.; g. decur. crowded, not joined behind; s. elastic with a downy +rooting base; sp. 6-9 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>[<b>Battarrae</b>, Q. White. P. cyathiform, spotted with blackish +brown squamules; g. milk-white; s. slender, attenuated; sp. 12 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>lignicola</b>, Sacc. White. P. tough, irreg. exp. subumbil. floccosely +pruinose; g. adnato-decur. crowded, shining white; s. long, +incurved, flocculose at first; sp. 14 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>mutilus</b>, Fr. White. P. 2-2.5 cm. fleshy, irreg. silky when dry; +g. narrow, simple; s. 1-2 cm. long, terete, base downy; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Resembles <i>Omph. scyphoides</i>. Differs in nearly glabrous, irreg. +p. not becoming infundib.</p> + +<p>[<b>macropus</b>, Bagl. Large, caespitose. P. excentric, exp. glabrous, +sooty-grey; g. decur. white; s. joined at base, firm, long, thickly +tomentose.</p> + +<p>[<b>luteo-caesius</b>, Bagl. P. subexcentric, exp. fibrillosely rivulose, +tawny brown, edge wavy, incurved; g. subdecur. narrow, greyish +yellow; s. solid, fibrillose, long rooting.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_101" id="Page_101">[Pg 101]</a></span></p><p>[<b>lutincola</b>, Lasch. Caespitose, fuscous; p. glabrous; g. adnate +with a tooth running down stem to torn ring; s. often excentric.</p> + +<p>[<b>pulvinatus</b>, Pers. P. pulvinate, rather wavy, glabrous, whitish, +disc tinged flesh-colour; g. decur. crowded, white; s. very short, +solid, hard.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">**** <i>Veil absent; gills deeply decur.; pileus lateral, +sessile or produced behind into a short stem-like base.</i></div> + +<p><b>ostreatus</b>, Jacq. Tufted. P. 7-15 cm. fleshy, shell-shaped, +ascending, blackish then grey or pallid; g. rather distant, anastomosing +behind, pallid; s. widening into p. very short, downy or +strigose at base; sp. 10-12 × 4-5. Esculent.</p> + +<p>var. <i>euosmus</i>, B. Smell strong. Gills and spores tinged pink.</p> + +<p>var. <i>columbinus</i>, Q. P. dark bluish-grey.</p> + +<p>var. <i>nudipes</i>, Boud. S. quite glabrous.</p> + +<p>[<b>ambiguus</b>, Oud. Excentric. P. sessile or shortly stalked, +shining, blackish or deep violet, edge incurved; g. deeply decur. +anastomosing behind, lilac; s. firm, elastic, thickened upwards, base +strigose.</p> + +<p><b>revolutus</b>, Kickx. P. 9-15 cm. fleshy, firm, elastic, shining, +depr. behind, smoky-yellow then grey, edge incurved; g. serrulate, +white; s. 2-3 cm. short, thick, whitish; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>var. <i>anglicus</i>. Edge of p. not or very slightly incurved; g. pallid +ochraceous.</p> + +<p>[<b>Staringii</b>, Oud. Excentric. P. lateral, produced at base into +a short oblique stem, suborbicular or reniform, exp. very glabrous, +smoky fuscous, centre paler; g. white, anastomosing behind.</p> + +<p><b>salignus</b>, Pers. P. 4-9 cm. fleshy, spongy, becoming depr. +behind and strigose, horizontal, yellow brown or dusky; g. somewhat +branched, edge eroded, dingy; s. short, firm, tomentose; sp. 8-11 +× 3-4.</p> + +<p>[<b>Saccardianus</b>, Arc. Subexcentric, usually sinuately lobed, even, +glabrous, at length exp. and wavy, tan or grey; g. narrow, thin, +crowded; s. striate, glabrous, grey or umber; sp. 6-5 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>[<b>roseocinereus</b>, Allesch. P. thin, campan. edge becoming split +and striate, fibrously silky, rosy-grey; g. very broad, pallid flesh-red; +s. shining white, fibrously striato-sulcate; sp. pale rufous, 5-7.</p> + +<p><b>acerinus</b>, Fr. White. P. 3-8 cm. tough, circular, silky-villose; +g. closely crowded, white then yellowish; s. subobsolete, downy; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>pathenopejus</b>, Comes. Large, caespitose. P. excentric, generally +dimidiate, conchate, elliptical or rounded, mouse-grey then pale, +viscid, squamulose; g. deeply decur. base anastomosing, white then +tinged yellow; sp. 9-12 × 4-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>Gemmellari</b>, Inzeng. Large, sessile. P. lateral, convex then +exp. yellowish, striate, upper stratum gelatinous; g. decur. broad, +anastomosing behind, white then sulphur.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_102" id="Page_102">[Pg 102]</a></span></p> +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">B. <span class="smcap">Dimidiati</span>. <i>P. definitely lateral, without a free +margin behind; not resupinate at first.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>geoginus</b>, D. C. P. erect, subinfundib. even, glabrous, edge +wavy, reflexed, brownish; g. decur. crowded, white; s. very short, +thick, tuberous.</p> + +<p><b>petaloides</b>, Bull. P. 2-5 cm. thin, ascending, spathulate, entire, +disc depr. brownish then pale; g. crowded, narrow, whitish; s. short, +compressed, downy; sp. 9-10 × 4.</p> + +<p><i>P. porrigens</i> differs in being white and stemless.</p> + +<p>[<b>semiinfundibuliformis</b>, Karst. Erect, simple, semiinfundib. +even, glabrous, rusty tan, edge wavy, reflexed; g. deeply decur. +crowded, whitish then yellowish; s. exactly lateral, pallid; sp. 4-6, +subgl.</p> + +<p><b>pulmonarius</b>, Fr. P. 4-5 cm. obovate or reniform, rather convex, +glabrous, greyish or tan; g. plano-decur. simple, albo-livid; s. +round, very short, downy; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. serotinus</i> in very short s., and glabrous p.</p> + +<p>var. <i>juglandis</i>, Fr. Gregarious; g. greyish brown.</p> + +<p>[<b>pulmonariellus</b>, Karst. P. convex, reniform, rather strigose, +even, yellowish, intermediate stratum thick, gelatinous; g. plano-decur. +crowded, white then yellowish; s. very short.</p> + +<p>[<b>almeni</b>, Fr. P. thin, reniform, glabrous, brownish tawny, narrowed +behind into a very short stem; g. determinately decur. divergent, +paler than pileus; sp. 7-9 × 3-4.</p> + +<p><b>serotinus</b>, Schrad. P. 3-7 cm. fleshy, compact, viscid, reniform +or obovate, yellowish-green, or sooty-olive; g. crowded, yellow then +pallid; s. 2 cm. with blackish squamules; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>mitis</b>, Pers. P. 1-2 cm. tough, reniform, dry, rufescent then +whitish; g. crowded, distinct, white; s. 1 cm. compressed, dilated +upwards, whitish-squamulose; sp. 4 × 2.</p> + +<p><b>gadinoides</b>, W. G. Sm. White. P. 1-1.5 cm. horizontal, shell-shaped, +hygr. floccose, dry; g. crowded, branched; s. minute or +absent; sp. 7 × 3.</p> + +<p><b>limpidus</b>, Fr. White. P. 1-2 cm. obovate or reniform, even, +glabrous, hygr., narrowed behind to point of attachment; g. white, +decur. to base; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. mitis</i> in being shining white and subsessile.</p> + +<p>[<b>limpidoides</b>, Karst. P. obovoid or reniform, often lobed, soft, +even, velvety, dark grey then livid; g. decur. whitish; upper stratum +of flesh gelatinous; sp. 6-9 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>[<b>subrufulus</b>, Karst. P. soft, subgelatinous, orbicular or reniform, +even, glabrous, rufous- or pinkish-white; g. crowded, white; s. lateral, +strigose, very short.</p> + +<p>[<b>planus</b>, Fr. Minute, subsessile, violet then flesh-colour.</p> + +<p><b>reniformis</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. horizontal, reniform, grey, disc depr. +plane; g. spreading from tubercular stem-like base, divergent, grey; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_103" id="Page_103">[Pg 103]</a></span></p><p>[<b>Kerneri</b>, Wettst. P. obovate or reniform, lateral, not immarginate +behind, sessile, entire, edge lobed, convex, grey, base blackish, +minutely pulverulent; g. grey, simple; sp. glob. 3-5.</p> + +<p><b>tremulus</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. reniform, even, glabrous, disc depr. +greyish brown then pale; g. rather distant, grey; s. 1 cm. subterete, +ascending, grey; sp. 6-8 × 5-7.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. reniformis</i> in having a stem.</p> + +<p><b>lauro-cerasi</b>, B. and Br. P. 2-3 cm. thin, horizontal, circular or +shell-shaped, sulcate, brownish, attached by narrowed base; g. broad +at middle, whitish; sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>dictyorhizus</b>, D. C. White. P. very thin, orbicular, sinuate, +subsessile, base reticulately-fibrillose; g. simple, unequal; sp. 6 long.</p> + +<p><b>acerosus</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. very thin, reniform, plane, striate, +sublobed, grey, silky white when dry; g. narrow, crowded, grey; s. +obsolete, base substrigose; sp. glob. 5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>Severinii</b>, Com. Shining white. Velvety then almost glabrous, +orbicular, edge entire, incurved; g. decur. simple; s. short, incurved.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">C. <span class="smcap">Resupinati</span>. <i>Pileus at first resupinate; gills radiating +from an excentric point; then reflexed, sessile.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Pileus fleshy, uniform in texture.</i></div> + +<p><b>porrigens</b>, Pers. White. P. 4-7 cm. thin, tough, resup. then +ascending, ear- or fan-shaped, glabrous upwards; g. very narrow; sp. +7-8 × 6.</p> + +<p>Resembling <i>P. petaloides</i> in habit but white, and no stem-like +base.</p> + +<p>[<b>pinsitus</b>, Fr. P. fleshy, soft, horizontal, silky-villose, wavy, hygr. +dingy then white; g. broad, distinct; sp. rough, 10-11 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>nidulans</b>, Pers. P. subreniform, tomentose, yellow; g. broad, +tawny-orange; sp. 3-5 × 1.</p> + +<p>[<b>caesiozonatus</b>, Rab. P. subsessile, tough, plane then depr. +behind, downy, ochre-brown, zoned with bluish grey; g. broad, +brownish yellow.</p> + +<p><b>septicus</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. rather fleshy, resup. then reflexed, +pubescent, white; s. thin, 2-3 mm. incurved, disappearing; g. +distant; sp. 8-10 × 6.</p> + +<p><i>Claudopus variabilis</i> differs in tinted gills and spores.</p> + +<p>[<b>roseolus</b>, Q. P. convex, conchoid, translucent, striate, rather +woolly, rosy-purple; g. rosy, edge darker; s. curved, downy, colour of +p.; sp. 8.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_104" id="Page_104">[Pg 104]</a></span></p> +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Pileus fleshy, striate, upper surface gelatinous, or +with a viscid pellicle.</i></div> + +<p><b>mastrucatus</b>, Fr. P. 4-5 cm. resup. then exp. and horizontal, +often lobed, brown, with erect bristly squamules; g. broad, greyish +white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>rivulorum</b>, Pat. and Doas. P. subgelatinous, pellucid, rusty +brown and covered with white down, horizontal or ascending; g. grey +then vinous; s. lateral, tubercular, downy, white, rosy when touched; +sp. 4-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>tremens</b>, Q. P. reniform or flabellate, diaphanous, rosy-violet, +tremelloid; g. sinuate, pinkish; s. lateral, colour of p.; sp. rough, +6-7.</p> + +<p><b>atrocoeruleus</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. fleshy, downy, dusky blue; +g. broad, whitish; sp. glob. 2-3.</p> + +<p>P. sometimes brownish, and g. sometimes yellowish.</p> + +<p>[<b>myxotrichus</b>, Lév. P. reniform, at first viscid, becoming spongy, +covered with white down, sessile or with a short stem; g. rather +broad, crowded; sp. 10-12 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>furvellus</b>, Karst. P. dusky or bluish rosy, yellowish-white then +brownish when old; sp. 6-9 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>Allied to <i>P. unguicularis</i> but larger and becoming pale.</p> + +<p><b>Leightoni</b>, B. P. 1-1.5 cm. at first obliquely conical then shell-shaped, +umber or lead-colour, scurfy and with short black bristles; g. +distant, tan, forked at base; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>algidus</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. horizontal, reniform, pellicle thin, +viscid, reddish-brown or grey; g. crowded, yellowish.</p> + +<p><b>fluxilis</b>, Fr. P. reniform, gelatinoso-viscid above, umber; g. +radiating from a lateral point, distant, whitish; sp. 10 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>unguicularis</b>, Fr. P. resup. covered with a viscid pellicle, grey +or blackish; s. incurved then ascending, very short, white; g. distant, +white; sp. 4-6 × 1.5.</p> + +<p>[<b>Silvanus</b>, Sacc. P. thin, sessile, cupulate or dimidiate, resupinate +then reflexed, very even, glabrous, greyish black, very minutely +white-scurfy; g. broad, dingy white; sp. strongly curved, 8-9 +× 3.5-4.</p> + +<p><b>cyphellaeformis</b>, B. P. 5-8 mm. pendulous, cup-shaped, downy +or mealy, upper layer gelatinous, grey; g. narrow, distant, pure +white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Resembling a <i>Cyphella</i> in habit.</p> + +<p>[<b>nivosus</b>, Q. P. thin, campan. sessile, gelatinous, white and like +parchment when dry, granularly rugose, striate, subpellucid, smoky +grey, when moist with hyaline warts; g. narrow, white; sp. reniform, +12 × 2.</p> + +<p><b>applicatus</b>, Batsch. P. 4-8 mm. dusky grey, sessile, thin, rather +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_105" id="Page_105">[Pg 105]</a></span>firm, cupulate, resupinate then reflexed, slightly striate, subpruinose, +base downy; gills broad, paler; sp. glob. 4-5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. tremulus</i> in absence of distinct s.</p> + +<p>[<b>Mustialensis</b>, Karst. P. resupinate, subgelatinous within, +sessile or with an exceedingly short lateral stem, black, white-tomentose; +g. distant, narrow, paler; sp. 6-8 × 4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. applicatus</i> in black p. with white down, and +dark g.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">*** <i>Pileus membranaceous, not viscid.</i></div> + +<p><b>Hobsoni</b>, B. P. 4-7 mm. reniform or semicircular, horizontal, +pale grey, downy; g. radiating, pallid; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. applicatus</i> in being plane.</p> + +<p><b>striatulus</b>, Fr. P. 3-4 mm. very thin, pale grey, slightly cup-shaped, +striate, glabrous; g. few, distant.</p> + +<p>[<b>canus</b>, Q. P. thin, dimidiate, reniform, edge mostly lobed, +whitish, downy, striate; g. very distant, adnate, white, edge fimbriate; +s. rudimentary; sp. 7-9 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>arenarius</b>, Lasch. Hoary-pallid, subsulcate, slightly tomentose; +g. distant, thick, broad; s. absent or very short, white-floccose.</p> + +<p>Allied to <i>P. striatulus</i>.</p> + +<p>[<b>perpusillus</b>, Fr. White. P. very thin, resup. then reflexed, +even, glabrous; g. few, broad.</p> + +<p>[<b>subplicatus</b>, Karst. P. very thin, resup. orbicular, usually +entire, almost plane, striato-plicate, rather silky, white, fixed by a +white downy base; g. radiating from an excentric point, broad, +whitish; sp. 6-7 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>var. <i>cinereus</i>, Karst. Entirely pale grey or glaucous.</p> + +<p><b>hypnophilus</b>, B. P. 3-6 mm. very thin, flat, white, rather +reniform, nearly smooth; g. radiating, distant, simple; sp. 5 × 3.</p> + +<p>Resembling <i>Claudopus variabilis</i>, but gills and spores white.</p> + +<p><b>chioneus</b>, Pers. Snow white. P. 2-3 mm. very thin, subresupinate, +downy; s. short, downy, evanescent; g. rather broad; sp. +10 long.</p> + +<p><i>P. septicus</i> is larger; s. more distinct; p. thicker.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. hypnophilus</i> in downy pileus.</p> + +<p>[<b>craterellus</b>, Dur. and Lév. Cupulate, white, even, downy, edge +entire; sp. 6 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>pudens</b>, Q. P. downy, hygr. coriaceous, cup-shaped, g. radiating, +thin, wavy, white tinged lilac; s. central, short.</p> +</li></ol></li></ol> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_106" id="Page_106">[Pg 106]</a></span></p><h3>CANTHARELLUS, Adans.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">A. <span class="smcap">Mesopus</span>. <i>Pileus entire. Stem central.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Pileus and stem fleshy and solid.</i></div> + +<p><b>cibarius</b>. Every part opaque yellowish-buff. P. 3-7 cm. wavy +then turbinate, glabrous; g. thick, distant; s. 3-5 cm. narrowed +below; sp. 9 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>Edible. Smell none when fresh, like apricots when kept for some +time. Sometimes all whitish.</p> + +<p>var. <i>rufipes</i>, Gillet. Flesh pale ochraceous, s. rufous at base.</p> + +<p>[<b>amethysteus</b>, Q. P. thick, egg-yellow, edge flocculose violet +flesh-colour; g. reticulate, yellow; s. obconic, colour of p.; sp. +11 long.</p> + +<p><b>Friesii</b>, Q. P. 2-3 cm. convex then depr. villose, somewhat +orange; g. fold-like, branched, yellow; s. 2 cm. slender, downy, base +white, narrowed; sp. 6-7 × 2-3.</p> + +<p>With gills of <i>C. cibarius</i> and habit of <i>C. aurantiacus</i>.</p> + +<p><b>aurantiacus</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. thin, depr. soft, subtomentose, +dingy orange then pale; g. crowded, dichotomous, orange, rather +broad; s. 1-2 cm. expanding upwards, orange, base often dark; +sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p>Poisonous. Perhaps should be placed under <i>Clitocybe</i>.</p> + +<p>[<b>hypnorum</b>, Brond. P. campan. tomentose, yellowish or pale +ochre; g. decur. branched, yellow; s. slender, solid, wavy, almost +glabrous, yellowish.</p> + +<p>[<b>rufescens</b>, Fr. P. plano-depr. almost glabrous, gilvous, thin; g. +crowded, thin; s. elongated, stuffed, narrowed upwards.</p> + +<p>[<b>olidus</b>, Q. (= <i>C. rufescens</i>, Q. not Fr.) P. fleshy, edge downy, +white, convex then cyathiform, flesh white then pinkish; g. decur. +pinkish; s. rosy; sp. 3-4 long.</p> + +<p>Taste sweetish. Smell of burnt sugar when dry.</p> + +<p>[<b>brachypodes</b>, Chev. P. thin, infundib. almost glabrous, fuscous; +the short stuffed stem and straight gills yellowish.</p> + +<p><b>Brownii</b>, B. and Br. P. rather fleshy, convex, subumb. pale +ochre then reddish; g. very narrow, simple or forked, whitish; +s. 3-5 cm. slender, tough; sp. 7 × 5.</p> + +<p>Gills very narrow, vein-like, hardly decur.</p> + +<p>[<b>subdenticulatus</b>, Mont. Small, entirely apricot colour. P. +rather scurfy, convex and umb. then subdepr. edge spinously toothed; +gills fold-like, thickish, decur.; s. solid, flocculose above, base narrowed; +sp. globose.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_107" id="Page_107">[Pg 107]</a></span></p><p>[<b>parvus</b>, Otth. P. infundib. fibrously scaly, brownish-grey; g. +fold-like, scarcely prominent, yellowish; s. slender, twisted, greyish-yellow, +sulcate.</p> + +<p><b>carbonarius</b>, A. and S. P. 3-6 cm. umbil. bay then blackish, +striato-squamulose; g. straight, narrow, white; s. 2.5 cm. paler than +p. rooting; sp. 14-15 × 7-8.</p> + +<p>Fasciculate, 2-3 pilei often appearing to spring from a branched +stem.</p> + +<p><b>umbonatus</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. thin, umb. then depr. flocculose, +blackish grey; s. 5-7 cm. equal, paler; g. straight, crowded, white; +sp. 10 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>Resembling an Agaric in habit.</p> + +<p><b>albidus</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. infundib. wavy, glabrous, pallid, +sometimes indistinctly zoned; g. dichotomous, white; s. 2-3 cm. +solid, subequal, glabrous; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Tough, sometimes tinged brown or yellow.</p> + +<p>[<b>longipes</b>, Lamb. P. centre prominent, edge thin, upturned, dry, +even, chestnut; g. fold-like, decur. closely crowded, forked, yellowish; +s. long, pale grey.</p> + +<p>[<b>Turrissi</b>, Inz. Straw-colour. P. fleshy-waxy, hygr. convex then +digitaliform, often umbil.; g. decur. white, thick, fold-like, simple, +rarely branched; s. white, ventricosely fusiform.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Pileus submembranaceous; stem tubular, polished.</i></div> + +<p><b>tubaeformis</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. infundib. wavy, lobed, flocculose, +brownish then pale; g. thick, distant, much branched, smoky yellow, +not pruinose; s. 4-7 cm. hollow, glabrous, lacunose, tawny-orange; +sp. 9 × 6-7.</p> + +<p>var. <i>lutescens</i>, Fr. P. convex, umbil. almost regular, nearly +glabrous; g. less divided. Connects present sp. with <i>C. infundibuliformis</i>.</p> + +<p>var. <i>lutescens</i>, Fr. P. convex, umbil. almost even and regular; g. +less divided.</p> + +<p>Differs in more equal stem narrowed upwards.</p> + +<p>Connects <i>C. tubaeformis</i> with <i>C. infundibuliformis</i>.</p> + +<p><b>infundibuliformis</b>, Fr. P. 2-6 cm. thin; infundib. floccoso-rugose, +smoky yellow then pale; g. thick, dichotomous, greyish +yellow, pruinose; s. fistulose, even, glabrous, yellow; sp. 9-10 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>cinereus</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. thin, infundib. open at base, blackish +grey, villosely-squamulose; g. thick, distant, grey; s. 3-5 cm. paler +than p.; sp. 7 × 5. (15-8 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>Resembling <i>Craterellus cornucopioides</i> but having distinct gills.</p> + +<p>[<b>leucophaeus</b>, Nouel. P. thin, tough, infundib. glabrous, +brownish umber; g. distant, simple, mixed with dichotomous ones, +white; s. stuffed, thin, even, colour of p.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_108" id="Page_108">[Pg 108]</a></span></p><p><b>cupulatus</b>, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. plano-infundib. wavy, hygr. pallid +fuscous or brownish, flocculose when dry; g. very distant, branched, +grey; s. 2-3 cm. stuffed, polished, colour of p.; sp. 7 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>Houghtoni</b>, Phil. P. 2-3 cm. convex, umbil. wavy, whitish; g. +slightly decur. narrow, tinged pink; s. 3-5 cm. equal, whitish, +stuffed; sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>Stevensoni</b>, B. and Br. P. 5-8 mm. orbicular, umbil. pallid, +smooth; g. decur. pallid; s. 1-1.5 cm. slender, cylindrical, white +then darker, pulverulent; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>replexus</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. campan. convex, exp. and inversed, +striate, brown then grey; g. adnato-decur. veined, branched, distant, +white or glaucous; s. 3-5 cm. fistulose, glabrous, thickened upwards; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Habit of a <i>Mycena</i> but g. thick and fold-like.</p> + +<p>var. <i>devexus</i>, Fr. P. cucullate; s. stuffed; g. simple, grey.</p> + +<p>[<b>hygrophanous</b>, C. P. Laest. P. infundib. punctate, hygr. edge +involute, obtuse; g. decur. branched, edge obtuse; s. fistulose, tough, +silky-shining.</p> + +<p>[<b>coriaceus</b>, Preuss. P. depr. rusty brown, edge rather wavy and +then incurved; g. vein-like, forked, pale yellow; s. stuffed, thick, +pallid.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">B. <span class="smcap">Merisma</span>. <i>Stems very numerous, united into +an elongated column, or branched.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>fascicularis</b>, Strauss. P. tubiform, split on one side, cochleate, +downily scaly; flesh and connate stems violet.</p> + +<p>[<b>ramosus</b>, Schulz. Lurid yellow. P. fleshy, plano-depr. at length +deeply umbil. fibrous; s. solid, caespitose, divided into branches each +dilating into a pileus at its apex; g. vein-like, anastomosing.</p> + +<p>[<b>polycephalus</b>, Bres. Branched. P. convex then subinfundib. +white, edge lobed; g. decur. white, connected by veins; s. white, +downy, apex branched; sp. 6 × 3.5.</p> + +<p>[<b>ochraceus</b>, Gill. P. unequally infundib. edge upturned, lobed, +yellowish ochre; g. decur. almost to base of stem, anastomosing, +rosy-white; s. branched, even, spotted ochre.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">C. <span class="smcap">Pleuropus</span>. <i>Stem exactly lateral.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>spathulatus</b>, Fr. P. fleshy, spathulate, glabrous, brownish; g. +dichotomous, crowded, white; s. thin, glabrous.</p> + +<p><b>muscigenus</b>, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. spathulate, horizontal, glabrous, +zoned, yellowish brown or fuscous, greyish white when old; g. thick, +distant, branched, colour of p.; s. short, base downy; sp. 10-12 +× 6-8.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. glaucus</i> in being brown when moist, and from +<i>C. retirugis</i> in having a distinct lateral stem.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_109" id="Page_109">[Pg 109]</a></span></p><p><b>glaucus</b>, Batsch. Grey. P. 1 cm. ligulate, ascending, silky, not +zoned; g. fold-like, tumid, distant, forked; s. short, pruinose; +sp. 5 × 3.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">D. <span class="smcap">Resupinate</span>. <i>Pileus cup-shaped at first, fixed +by the vertex, then subreflexed.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Growing on mosses.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>bryophilus</b>, Fr. P. thin, cupulate, white, vertex forming a stem-like +point of attachment, villose; g. broad, dichot., radiating from +centre.</p> + +<p>Gills acute, much resembling an Agaric.</p> + +<p>[<b>juranus</b>, Q. and Pat. (= <i>Dictyolus</i>.) P. wavy, 1-2 mm. diam. +snow-white, becoming split, thin, downy, springing from cobweb-like +mycelium; g. fold-like, branched, broad, thin, white then cream; sp. +6-7 long.</p> + +<p>Close to <i>C. bryophilus</i>.</p> + +<p><b>retirugus</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. thin, exp. wavy and lobed, greyish-white, +adfixed by fibrils behind; g. radiating from centre, very thin, +reticulated; sp. 10 × 8.</p> + +<p><b>lobatus</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. horizontal, lobed, brown then pale; g. +fold-like, distinct, branched, divergent; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>muscorum</b>, Fr. P. thin, gelatinous, ear-shaped, dingy rufous, +glabrous; g. crisped, folds divided near the margin of p.; sp. 3-4 +× 2-3.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Growing on wood.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>applicatus</b>, Lév. P. lobed, margin byssoid, tomentose, white; +g. vein-like, radiating from the centre, forked, white.</p> + +<p>[<b>odorus</b>, Wetts. Reddish-yellow, strongly-scented. P. entire, +solid, fleshy, convex then turbinate or subconcave, often umbil. or +subwavy, glabrous, edge slightly incurved; g. thick, forked, decur.; +s. solid, glabrous; sp. subgl. 3-4.</p> + +<p>[<b>crucibulum</b>, Fr. P. cup-shaped, downy, white; g. dichotomous, +broad, dingy yellow, edge obtuse.</p> + +<p>[<b>Coemansii</b>, Rab. P. campan. tomentose, whitish, edge incurved; +g. fold-like, somewhat forked, cinnamon.</p> +</li></ol></li></ol> + +<h3>ARRHENIA, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Stem lateral.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>auriscalpium</b>, Fr. Brown. P. thin, convex, glabrous; g. vein-like, +few, distant, simple; s. exactly lateral, straight, downy.</p> + +<p>Resembling <i>Hyduum auriscalpium</i> in form, but smaller.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_110" id="Page_110">[Pg 110]</a></span></p> +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Pileus sessile.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>tenella</b>, Fr. P. .5-1 cm. effuso-reflexed, thin, soft, blackish, +becoming lobed; g. vein-like, simple, with shorter ones, dark.</p> + +<p>[<b>cupularis</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 mm. resupinate, soft, orbicular, outside +even, downy, grey; g. vein-like, simple, radiating from centre.</p> + +<p>Resembles young condition of <i>Pleurotus applicatus</i>.</p> + +<p>[<b>fimicola</b>, Bagl. P. resupinate, thin, concavo-patellate, flesh-colour, +with a byssoid border; veins very slight, distant.</p> +</li></ol> + +<h3>NYCTALIS, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">A. <span class="smcap">Speleae</span>. <i>Gills crowded, more or less coalescent. +Very doubtful, probably morbid forms of Agarics.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>verpoides</b>, Fr. P. campan. obtuse, glabrous, brown; g. very +thick, coalescent; s. equal, rigid, striate, glabrous.</p> + +<p>[<b>cryptarum</b>, Secr. Foetid. P. conico-deformed, brown; g. +adnexed, undulate, subcoalescent, flocculose, fleshy-grey; s. unequal, +flexuose, hoary-fibrillose.</p> + +<p>[<b>canaliculata</b>, Pers. P. pallid white, oblique, subumbil. almost +glabrous; g. crowded, distinct, almost simple, edge slightly canaliculate; +s. solid, subundulate, naked.</p> + +<p><b>caliginosa</b>, W. G. Sm. P. subumb. edge incurved, greyish, white +and silky when dry, 1 cm.; g. subdecur. thick, narrow, branched, +grey; s. 3-5 cm. often inflated, whitish, silky, hollow, rusty inside; +sp. 5 × 3.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">B. <span class="smcap">Parasitae</span>. <i>Gills distinct from each other, +distant. Growing on decaying fungi.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>nauseosa</b>, Weinm. Smell nauseous. P. fleshy, globose then +hemisph. ochraceous, pulverulent, edge involute; g. distant, forked, +pallid; s. fistulose, thick, obliquely sulcate and twisted, pallid.</p> + +<p>Larger than <i>N. asterophora</i>.</p> + +<p><b>asterophora</b>, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. conical then hemispher. fawn, +mealy with large stellate conidia; g. adnate, distant, rather forked, +dingy; s. 1-1.5 cm. whitish pruinose then brownish, twisted; +sp. 3 × 2.</p> + +<p><b>parasitica</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. conical then exp. irreg. with grey +meal formed of large, elliptical, smooth conidia; g. adnate, thick, +distant, then forked and anastomosing, dusky; s. 2-6 cm. whitish, +floccosely downy; sp. 5 × 3.5.</p> + +<p>[<b>microphylla</b>, Corda. P. hemispher. soft, glabrous, naked, white; +g. adnate, entire, dingy white; s. glabrous, bluish.</p> + +<p>[<b>vopiscus</b>, Fr. P. cup-shaped, reflexed then recurved, pallid; g. +thick, radiating from centre; s. short, excentric, curved, flocculose, +pallid.</p> +</li></ol> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_111" id="Page_111">[Pg 111]</a></span></p><h3>LENTINUS, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">A. <span class="smcap">Mesopodes</span>. <i>Pileus subentire; stem distinct.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Pileus squamulose.</i></div> + +<p><b>tigrinus</b>, Fr. P. 3-7 cm. orbicular, umbil. whitish, with blackish +innate scales; g. very narrow, tinged yellow; s. 3-5 cm. slender, +squamulose; sp. 7 × 3.5.</p> + +<p><b>Dunalii</b>, Fr. P. umbil. deformed, pallid with spot-like adpressed +scales which disappear; g. crowded, pallid; s. 1.5-2 cm. rather +silky; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>lepideus</b>, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. tough, depr. irreg. pale ochre breaking +up into darker spot-like scales; g. sinuato-decur. broad, whitish; s. +2-3 cm. stout, rooting, tomentosely squamulose; sp. 7 × 3. (10-14 +× 6 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>var. <i>contiguus</i>, Fr. P. thinner, plano-depr. and with the slender +stem, even.</p> + +<p>[<b>gallicus</b>, Q. P. ivory colour with tawny lilac flecks, then areolate; +s. pubescent, white, apex sulcate, then torn into scales, flesh +coloured; g. white, decur. in lines; sp. 10-12 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>sitaneus</b>, Fr. P. elastic, convex, unequal, grey, fibrillosely scaly; +g. deeply decur. base anastomosing; s. firm, curved, fibrillose.</p> + +<p>[<b>degener</b>, Kalchb. P. hemispher. exp. ochre with tawny scales; +g. very narrow, anastomosing; s. stout, scaly, base blackish.</p> + +<p>[<b>contortus</b>, Fr. P. orbicular, umbil. tawny rufescent with darker +scales; g. crowded, subdecur.; s. twisted, subsulcate, squamulose.</p> + +<p>[<b>Queletii</b>, Schulz. P. at first regular, edge incurved, umber, +then depr. edge wavy and split, and becoming pale or almost white, +scaly; g. pale ochre, edge torn; s. branched, excentric, colour of p. +squamulose; sp. 7-8 × 3.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Pileus villose or pulverulent.</i></div> + +<p><b>leontopodius</b>, Schulz. P. 7-16 cm. tough, irreg. slightly tomentose, +disc depr. tan, edge bent down, lobed; g. decur. connected by +veins, sides rugose; s. 6-9 cm. stout, woody, pulverulent, tan, base +blackish; sp. 12-15 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>domesticus</b>, Karst. Very large. P. tough, edge thin, subinfundib. +oblique, irregular, cuticle broken up into darker adpressed +revolute scales, rusty; g. deeply decur. toothed, narrowed at both +ends, very broad, pale tawny rusty then reddish; s. excentric, solid, +rusty, squamulose; sp. 3-5 × 2-3.</p> + +<p>[<b>hornotinus</b>, Fr. P. deformed, pulverulent, grey; g. crowded, +white; s. caespitosely branched, unequal, rather woody.</p> + +<p>[<b>pulverulentus</b>, Scop. P. tough, convex, yellow, white-pulverulent; +g. toothed, white; s. stout, equal, rigid, with white powder.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_112" id="Page_112">[Pg 112]</a></span></p><p>[<b>lusitanicus</b>, Kalchb. P. oblique, not compact, depr. sublobed, +tomentose, becoming naked, tan; g. decur. crowded, anastomosing, +white; s. short, excentric or lateral, solid, even, glabrous, colour of +p.; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>resinaceus</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. tough, excentric, cinnamon-ochre, +villose, matted with resin; g. crowded, shining white; s. 2 cm. partly +hollow, downy; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>adhaerens</b>, A. and S. P. 2-3 cm. tough, irreg. lacunose, rather +pulverulent; g. decur. in lines, very thin, torn, white; s. colour of p. +glutinous, rooting; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>P. and s. appear as if lacquered from the dried gluten.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">*** <i>Pileus glabrous.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>suffrutescens</b>, Fr. P. tough, convex then infundib. glabrous, +somewhat rusty; g. crenato-torn, yellowish; s. elongated, somewhat +branched, woody.</p> + +<p>[<b>auricolor</b>, Brig. Subcaespitose, golden yellow, oblique; g. +decur.; s. fibroso-woody, subexcentric, distorted.</p> + +<p>[<b>anisatus</b>. P. tough, subflabelliform or obliquely subinfundib. +somewhat lobed, whitish; g. decur. tinged yellow, edge entire; s. +lateral or excentric, short, pallid; sp. 6-7 × 3.5.</p> + +<p>[<b>jugis</b>, Fr. White. P. irreg. lobed, glabrous, rather viscid; g. +dentate; s. short, irreg. scaly.</p> + +<p>[<b>umbellatus</b>, Fr. P. tough, umbil. pervious, glabrous, yellowish +grey; g. very narrow, white; s. branched, sulcate.</p> + +<p><b>cochleatus</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. tough, flaccid, irreg. depr. or infundib. +reddish cinnamon; g. crowded, serrate, pinkish white; s. +solid, length variable, several frequently more or less grown together, +sulcate, glabrous; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Edible. Smell sometimes spicy, at others almost none.</p> + +<p>[<b>friabilis</b>, Fr. Caespitose, fleshy-fibrous, fragile, becoming pale. +P. thin, subdimidiate, umbilicate, pervious into partly hollow contorted +s.; g. crowded, narrow.</p> + +<p>[<b>omphalodes</b>, Fr. Solitary. P. thin, tough, at first deeply +umbil. livid straw-colour then pale, limb convex then exp. and +wavy; g. decur. arcuate, pallid; s. central, thin, tough, glabrous, +scrobiculate.</p> + +<p>[<b>bisus</b>, Q. P. tough, convex, exp. deeply umbil. irreg. excentric, +edge lobed, livid grey, umbil. fuscous; g. sinuato-decur. greyish +white, edge toothed; s. brown, longitudinally sulcate, twisted, excentric; +sp. glob. 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>badius</b>, Bres. P. thin, tough, regular, excentric, or subdimidiate, +with longitudinal cristate veins, bay then pale; g. very distant, edge +deeply and irreg. crenate; s. short, greyish-lilac; sp. 5-6 × 4-4.5.</p> + +<p>[<b>Bresadolae</b>, Schulz. (= <i>L. divisus</i>, Schulz.) P. soon irreg. +infundib. wavy and sinuate, glabrous, even, pale smoky fuscous; g. +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_113" id="Page_113">[Pg 113]</a></span>distant, spuriously decur.; s. very tough, obconic, subrooting, tinged +reddish; sp. 8-10 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>hispidosus</b>, Fr. Caespitose. P. thin, subdimidiate, lobed, infundib. +hispidly scaly, rusty, edge torn, proliferous; g. serrulate; s. +many, growing out of each other.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">B. <span class="smcap">Pleuroti</span>. <i>Dimidiate, sessile or with a sublateral +stem.</i></div> + +<p><b>scoticus</b>, B. and Br. P. 2-5 cm. thin, umbil. or infundib. smooth, +pallid or brownish, hygr.; g. decur. when stem is present, pallid, +strongly toothed; s. excentric or lateral, variable, darker than p. +springing from a branched brown mycelium; sp. 5-6 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>fimbriatus</b>, Currey. P. 1-2 cm. thin, depr. behind, pale fawn +with darker scales, margin hairy; g. narrow, tinged brown; s. .5 cm. +thin, whitish; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>ursinus</b>, Fr. P. sessile, imbricated, ear-shaped, ascending, even, +rufous brown, brownish tomentose behind with age, edge entire, +glabrous; g. broad, torn, whitish.</p> + +<p>[<b>castoreus</b>, Fr. P. subsessile, imbricate, pilei tongue-shaped, +glabrous, subrugose, rufous then tan, edge involute, entire; g. closely +crowded, rufescent.</p> + +<p><b>vulpinus</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. tough, shell-shaped, imbricate, connate +behind, longitudinally corrugated with ribs, floccoso-scrupose, +tan, edge incurved, entire; g. broad, torn, white; sp. glob. 2.</p> + +<p>[<b>auricula</b>, Fr. White, caespitosely imbricated, p. dimidiate, +sessile, ascending, glabrous, at length revolute; g. linear, densely +crenulate; sp. glob. 3.</p> + +<p>Habit of <i>Pleur. porrigens</i>.</p> + +<p>[<b>suavissimis</b>, Fr. Smell very pleasant. Subsessile, white, thin, +peltate, even, glabrous; g. dentate, decurrent from base, anastomosing.</p> + +<p><b>flabelliformis</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. subsessile, thin, tough, reniform, +glabrous, fawn-colour, edge crenato-fimbriate; g. broad, torn, +pallid.</p> + +<p>[<b>tomentellus</b>, Karst. Subsessile, imbricately tufted, coriaceous, +p. horizontal, tongue-shaped or obovoid, tomentose, whitish then +tinged rufescent, yellowish when dry, edge wavy, incurved; g. much +crowded, narrow, whitish, tinged red when dry, edge toothed.</p> + +<p>[<b>hygrophanus</b>, Harz. P. conchate, woolly, digitately lobed, +white then yellowish ochre, glabrous, hygr. fragile, fixed by a narrow +lateral point; g. densely and acutely dentato-serrate; sp. glob. +3-3.5.</p> +</li></ol> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_114" id="Page_114">[Pg 114]</a></span></p><h3>PANUS, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Pileus irregular; stem excentric.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>farneus</b>, Fr. P. compact, hard, irreg. circinate, nearly plane, +unequal, dingy yellow; g. adnate, crowded; s. short, glabrous, sulcate, +pinkish.</p> + +<p>[<b>cyathiformis</b>, Schaeff. P. obliquely cup-shaped, wavy, squamulose, +brick-red then pale; g. crowded, pallid then yellowish; s. very +short, even, firm, excentric.</p> + +<p>[<b>fulvidus</b>, Bres. P. tough, thin, convex or subcampan. exp. +gibbous or umb. tawny then pale, with brown squamules, edge fibrilloso-sulcate; +g. almost free, white; s. solid, white, narrowed to a +rooting base, apex sulcate; sp. 12-18 × 6-9.</p> + +<p>[<b>urnula</b>, Fr. Subsessile, imbricated. P. subexcentric, urniform, +even, glabrous, fuscous, pale when dry, edge lobed; g. attenuato-decur. +grey.</p> + +<p>[<b>vaporarius</b>, Bagl. Caespitose imbricate. P. subcoriaceous, base +narrowed, erect, spathulate then utriculiform, undulately lobed, +pruinose, dingy white then livid violet; g. decur. very narrow, tinged +rose.</p> + +<p><b>conchatus</b>, Fr. P. tough, thin, unequal, excentric, dimidiate, +cinnamon then pale, becoming squamulose, 3-9 cm.; g. decur. in lines, +somewhat branched, pinkish then ochre; s. 1-2 cm. unequal, base +pubescent; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Rigid and the gills crisped or wavy when dry.</p> + +<p><b>torulosus</b>, Fr. P. 5-9 cm. plano-infundib. even, flesh colour +then ochre; g. decur. rather distant, reddish then tan; s. 1-2 cm. +stout, oblique, greyish-tomentose; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>rudis</b>, Fr. Caespitose. P. 4-6 cm. tough, depressed, sinuate, +reddish-tan, bristling with tufts of hairs; g. decur. narrow, crowded, +pale buff; s. very short or obsolete, hirsute; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>Lamyanus</b>, Mont. P. orbicular, edge incurved, and, with the +central stem, tawny umber and fasciculately hirsute; g. narrow, thick, +forked, decur.</p> + +<p>[<b>granulatus</b>, Berk. and Mont. Entirely rusty-saffron; p. semiorbicular; +s. short, excentric, granular; g. sparingly connected by +veins.</p> + +<p>[<b>Schurii</b>, Schulz. P. coriaceous, flattened, centre concave, wavy, +obconic, even, glabrous, whitish; g. decur. narrow, pallid; s. central, +fibrillose, short or almost absent.</p> + +<p>[<b>inverse-conicus</b>, Lerchenf. and Schulz. P. flattened, broadly +umbil. whitish, edge incurved, inversely conical; g. decur. both ends +acute; s. central, cylindrical, white then brown.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_115" id="Page_115">[Pg 115]</a></span></p> +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Stem definitely lateral.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>foetens</b>, Fr. Foetid. P. spongy, spathulate, convex then depr. +yellowish white, rather silky, base continued into a long stem channelled +above; g. decur. firm, crowded, reddish-yellow.</p> + +<p>[<b>cochlearis</b>, Pers. Caespitose, tawny. P. oval, convex, spathulate, +hirsute, edge involute, entire; s. lateral; g. decur.</p> + +<p><b>stipticus</b>, Fr. Taste hot and pungent. P. thin, flexible, reniform, +cinnamon then pale, broken up into scurfy squamules; g. determinate, +thin, reticulately joined, cinnamon; s. lateral, very short, dilated into +the p.; sp. 3 × 2.</p> + +<p>[<b>flabellulum</b>, A. and S. P. dimidiate, flabellate, subsquamulose, +produced into a short stem-like base, white then fawn; g. decur. +crowded; sp. 2.5-3.5.</p> + +<p>[<b>tenuis</b>, Wetts. P. thin, reniform or suborbicular, convex then +exp. ochre or subfuscous, glabrous, somewhat shining; g. numerous, +very thin, colour of p.; s. lateral, oblique; sp. 2.5 × 1.5.</p> + +<p><b>farinaceus</b>, Schum. P. 1.5-2 cm. flexuous, dusky cinnamon, +broken up into greyish-white scurf which falls away; g. free, distinct, +pale; s. lateral, short; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>var. <i>albido-tomentosus</i>, Cke. and Mass. P. with short, whitish +velvety down, semicircular; g. honey colour; sp. subgl. 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>Schultzii</b>, Kalchb. P. spathulato-flabelliform, rigid, coriaceous, +concentrically sulcate, radiately rugose, dingy brick-red; g. crowded, +paler than p., edge brownish; s. expanding into pileus, apex virgate; +sp. 3 × 1.</p> + +<p>Allied to <i>P. stypticus</i>.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">*** <i>Pileus resupinate, sessile or produced to a point +of attachment behind.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>violaceofulvus</b>, Q. P. resupinate, thin, hygr. cup-shaped then +exp. and reflexed, pulverulent, violet-umber; g. pale violet.</p> + +<p>[<b>ringens</b>, Fr. P. resupinate, thin, flaccid, orbicular then partly +closed over and gaping, reddish-brown, edge striate; g. simple, flesh-colour.</p> + +<p><b>patellaris</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. resupinate, plano-depr. orbicular, +pallid scurfy or downy, edge involute; g. ochraceous; sp. 4 × 3.</p> + +<p><b>Stevensonii</b>, B. and Br. P. spathulate, olive yellow; s. dilated +above convex, golden, slightly hispid; g. narrow, entire; flesh +greenish-yellow.</p> + +<p>[<b>pudens</b>, Q. P. cup-shaped then pendulous, with white pubescence, +edge becoming rosy; g. tinted lilac.</p> + +<p>[<b>Delastri</b>, Mont. Resupinate, coriaceous, urceolato-turbinate, +vertex protruding as a tomentose stem, edge incurved; g. brownish +purple, edge white-pruinose.</p> + +<p>[<b>lithophilus</b>, Fr. P. resupinate, flattened, sessile, adnate, downy, +edge free; g. radiating from a point, amethyst.</p> +</li></ol> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_116" id="Page_116">[Pg 116]</a></span></p><h3>XEROTUS, Fr.</h3> + +<p><b>degener</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. thin, plano-infundib. edge entire, +greyish bay, slightly zoned when moist; g. distant, decur. simple or +dichot. greyish; s. 1-2 cm. brown with white down.</p> + +<p>A very uncertain sp. probably some <i>Clitocybe</i>. Quélet says it is +an old condition of <i>Cantharellus carbonarius</i>.</p> + +<p>[<b>romanus</b>, Fr. P. glabrous, thin, exp. umbil. even, brownish, edge +lobed; g. thick, crisped, rufescent; s. rigid, fistulose, black.</p> + + +<h3>LENZITES, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Growing on Angiosperms.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>albida</b>, Fr. P. corky, soft, plane, zoneless, whitish, tomentose; +g. thin, dichot. anastomosing, entire, whitish. Effuso-reflexed.</p> + +<p><b>betulina</b>, Fr. P. 6-10 cm. firm, long, 2-5 cm. broad, broadly +attached, flesh 4-6 mm. thick, pallid or tinged brown, rather zoned, +tomentose; g. thin, forked, whitish; sp. 4 × 2.</p> + +<p><b>flaccida</b>, Fr. P. 3-6 cm. flaccid, more or less flabelliform, thin, +strigose, zoned, pallid; g. broad, crowded, unequally branched, +whitish; sp. 7 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>variegata</b>, Fr. P. rigid, plane, velvety, zoned with different +colour, edge whitish; g. broad, thickish, anastomosing, white, edge +torn.</p> + +<p>Habit and colour of <i>Poly. versicolor</i>.</p> + +<p>[<b>trabea</b>, Fr. P. coriaceous, flattened, rugulose, almost glabrous, +brownish; g. straight, simple and forked, freely anastomosing, entire, +reddish.</p> + +<p>Habit of <i>Dedaelea quercina</i> but thinner.</p> + +<p>[<b>cinnamomea</b>, Fr. P. coriaceous, flattened, firm, downy, concentrically +sulcate, inside and out cinnamon; g. rather distant, +straight, unequal, almost simple, narrow, entire, colour of p.</p> + +<p>var. <i>crocata</i>, Sacc. P. strigosely velvety, sulcate, brown; g. +yellow, edge unequal, paler, trama bright saffron.</p> + +<p>[<b>tricolor</b>, Fr. P. corky, plane, base gibbous, scabrid, zoned and +radiately rugulose, yellow then dingy; g. thin, distant, forked, anastomosing +behind, citrin then umber.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Growing on Gymnosperms.</i></div> + +<p><b>sepiaria</b>, Fr. P. 3-9 cm. long, hard, zoned, bay, strigose, rough; +g. branched, anastomosing, yellowish; sp. 5 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>abietina</b>, Fr. P. 3-12 cm. effuso-reflexed, umber-tomentose +then nearly glabrous, hoary; g. decur. simple, unequal, with white +meal; sp. 7-8 × 4.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_117" id="Page_117">[Pg 117]</a></span></p><p>[<b>pinastri</b>, Kalchb. P. coriaceous, rigid, convex, tomentose, obsoletely +zoned, disc hoary, edge with broad rusty band; g. densely +anastomosing, pallid.</p> + +<p>[<b>Queletii</b>, Schulz. P. generally reniform, corky, pale ochre becoming +deep yellow when wet, closely zoned; g. thick, anastomosing +and forming pores behind, whitish, edge tan; sp. 13-18 × 6-8.</p> + +<p>var. <i>populina</i>, Schulz. P. narrowed into stem-like base, tomentose, +greyish or ochre; g. sometimes greyish, edge subserrulate.</p> + +<p>var. <i>crassior</i>, Schulz. P. blackish grey and scabrid behind, rest +hispid-tomentose; sp. 4 × 1.</p> + +<p>[<b>Bresadolae</b>, Schulz. (= <i>L. tricolor</i>, Kalch. not of Fr.). P. semiorbicular, +broadly adnate, gibbous, subtomentose, multizoned, interruptedly +radially wrinkled, umber then tawny; edge of g. colour of +p., sides paler; flesh fuscous.</p> + +<p><b>Reichardtii</b>, Schulz. Subimbricated. P. semiorbicular, adnate, +base brownish, ochre or whitish towards edge, grey when old, imperfectly +zoned; g. tan, at first white mealy, some forked.</p> + +<p>[<b>heteromorpha</b>, Fr. Coriaceous, thin, effuso-reflexed, gibbous, +fibroso-rugose, pallid, margin incised into broad plates, crowded, +somewhat branched, white, excurrent.</p> + +<p>var. <i>resupinata</i>, Fr. Resupinate, porose.</p> + +<p>[<b>labyrinthica</b>, Q. and Schulz. P. irregularly rounded, edge +sinuate, produced behind into a short stem-like base, greyish white, +base darker, not zoned but with scattered warts; lamellate in front +underneath, behind white, glabrous and sterile; g. tan, anastomosing +and forming labyrinthiform pores; sp. 6-8 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>[<b>faventina</b>, Caldesi. P. dimidiate, sessile, corky, tuberculato-scrobiculate, +whitish then grey; g. radiating, irreg. porose behind, +tinged yellow, edge acute, darker.</p> + +<p>[<b>mollis</b>, Heufler. P. broadly exp. incurved, soft, edge brown with +darker zones, centre grey; g. strongly anastomosing, greyish or wood-colour.</p> + +<p>[<b>septentrionalis</b>, Karst. P. sessile, dimidiate, gibbous behind, +floccose, radiately rugulose, pallid brownish with darker zones, +almost glabrous, edge thin, blackish; g. simple, crowded, very broad, +fuscous.</p> + +<p>[<b>sorbina</b>, Karst. P. corky, effuso-reflexed, imbricate, almost +glabrous, usually even, not zoned, thin, pallid, edge obtuse; g. anastomosing, +dingy white, thickish.</p> +</li></ol> + +<h3>TROGIA, Fr.</h3> + +<p><b>crispa</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. shallowly cup-shaped, reflexed, lobed, +downy, yellowish brown, edge whitish; g. fold-like, dichotomous, +crisped, greyish-white; sp. subgl. 5-6.</p> + +<p>In the only European sp. the edge of gills not channelled.</p> + + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_118" id="Page_118">[Pg 118]</a></span></p><h3>SCHIZOPHYLLUM, Fr.</h3> + +<p><b>commune</b>, Fr. P. thin, more or less fan-shaped or reniform, +often much lobed, narrowed behind to a point of attachment, whitish, +downy then strigose; g. radiating, narrow, brownish, edge split; sp. +subgl. 5-6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>multifidum</i>, Mass. (= <i>S. multifidum</i>, Fr.) P. deeply incised, +segments narrow.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="CHLOROSPORAE" id="CHLOROSPORAE"></a>CHLOROSPORAE.</h2> + + +<p><b>Chlorospora</b>. Gills free; veil appendiculate; volva and ring +absent.</p> + +<p>[<b>Chlorophyllum</b>. Gills free; veil forming a persistent ring on +the stem, volva absent. Not European.]</p> + + +<h3>CHLOROSPORA.</h3> + +<p><b>Eyrei</b>, Mass. (= <i>Schulzeria Eyrei</i>, Mass.) P. 2-4 cm. campan. +then exp. and umb. even, glabrous, pale tan, edge appendiculate; g. +free, clear pale green then deep bluish-green; s. 4-5 cm. equal, +slightly wavy, pallid; sp. green, 4-5 × 3.</p> + +<p>The only known European representative of the Chlorosporae.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="RHODOSPORAE" id="RHODOSPORAE"></a>RHODOSPORAE.</h2> + + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">A. <i>Gills free.</i></div> + +<p><b>Volvaria</b>. Volva present; ring absent.</p> + +<p><b>Annularia</b>. Volva absent; ring present, often falling away.</p> + +<p><b>Pluteus</b>. Volva and ring both absent.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">B. <i>Gills adnexed, rarely adnate.</i></div> + +<p><b>Entoloma</b>. Gills sinuate behind; edge of pileus incurved when +young; stem fibrous or fleshy.</p> + +<p><b>Nolanea</b>. Stem cartilaginous; pileus campanulate, edge straight +and adpressed to stem when young.</p> + +<p><b>Leptonia</b>. Stem cartilaginous; pileus convexo-plane, edge incurved +at first; gills soon separating from stem.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">C. <i>Gills decurrent.</i></div> + +<p><b>Clitopilus</b>. Stem central, fibrous; edge of p. incurved at first.</p> + +<p><b>Eccilia</b>. Stem central, cartilaginous; pileus umbilicate.</p> + +<p><b>Claudopus</b>. Stem excentric, minute, or absent. Species minute, +membranaceous.</p> +</li></ol> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_119" id="Page_119">[Pg 119]</a></span></p><h3>VOLVARIA, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Pileus dry, silky, or fibrillose.</i></div> + +<p><b>bombycina</b>, Schaeff. P. 9-18 cm. campan. then exp. and +subumb. white, silky-fibrillose; g. flesh-colour; s. 7-14 cm. solid, +attenuated, glabrous, white, volva ample; sp. 6-7 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>regia</b>, Fr. P. convex then exp. white or with a reddish tinge, +glabrous, dry; g. crowded; s. white or tinged yellow, solid, glabrous; +ring persistent; volva white, large.</p> + +<p><b>volvacea</b>, Bull. P. 5-7 cm. campan. then exp. obtuse, grey or +greyish-yellow, virgate with adpressed black fibrils; g. flesh-colour; +s. 5-9 cm. solid, subequal, white, volva large; sp. 6-8 × 3.5-4.</p> + +<p>[<b>arenaria</b>, Otth. P. campan. exp. umb. silky fibrillose, whitish +brown, disc darker, dry; g. crowded, near to stem, subventricose; s. +rather shining, whitish, base thickened; volva mostly adherent, +laciniate, brownish.</p> + +<p><b>Loveiana</b>, Berk. P. 5-7 cm. convex, obtuse, white, silky; g. +pinkish-salmon; s. bulbous, narrowed upwards, solid, white, volva +irreg. lobed; sp. 4-5 × 3.</p> + +<p>Parasitic on <i>Clitocybe nebularis</i>.</p> + +<p><b>Taylori</b>, Berk. P. 3-5 cm. conical then obtuse, livid, edge paler, +striately cracked; g. narrowest behind; s. 4-5 cm. equal, solid, +whitish; volva lobed, brownish; sp. 5 × 3.5-4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>V. volvacea</i> by gills being narrowed behind, and +small brown volva.</p> + +<p>[<b>grisea</b>, Q. P. flexuous, silky-villose; g. crisped, hoary; s. short, +tomentose; volva trilobed; sp. 8-9.</p> + +<p>[<b>murinella</b>, Q. P. campan. villose, grey; g. remote, ventricose; +s. slightly striate, white; volva 3-4 lobed, white; sp. 6-8 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>[<b>hypopithys</b>, Fr. Small. Shining white. P. conical then campan. +dry, silky; g. white then flesh-colour; s. solid, equal, pubescent, +adpressedly silky; volva bilobed; sp. 6-8 × 4.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Pileus more or less viscid and (one species +excepted) glabrous.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>rhodomela</b>, Lasch. P. campan. then exp. somewhat sooty, +squamulose, viscid; g. reddish; s. solid, attenuated, delicately +floccoso-downy then almost glabrous; volva small, floccose.</p> + +<p><b>speciosa</b>, Fr. P. 7-12 cm. P. soft, campan. then exp. obtuse, +glabrous, viscid edge even, white or disc greyish; g. flesh-colour; s. +10-18 cm. subbulbous, solid, attenuated, villose, white; volva lax, +villose; sp. 14-16 × 8.</p> + +<p>[<b>theiodes</b>, Saut. P. campan. then exp. citrin, mealy, with deciduous +squamules, broadly umb. edge sulcate; g. free, broad; s. +hollow, fuscous.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_120" id="Page_120">[Pg 120]</a></span></p><p><b>gloiocephala</b>, D. C. P. 7-11 cm. campan. then exp. umb. +glutinous, sooty, edge striate; g. reddish; s. 8-14 cm. solid, glabrous, +whitish, tinged brown below; volva adnate except a small free +margin; sp. 10-12 × 6-7.</p> + +<p><b>viperina</b>, Fr. P. persistently conical, acute, grey; g. tinged +yellow then flesh-colour; s. solid, equal, closely sheathed by the thin +volva.</p> + +<p><b>media</b>, Schum. P. 3-5 cm. exp. obtuse, viscid, silky when dry, +white or disc tinged brown; g. rosy; s. 4-7 cm. solid, equal, +glabrous, white; volva lobed; sp. 5 × 3.5.</p> + +<p>Intermediate in size between <i>V. speciosa</i> and <i>V. parvula</i>; differs +from former in glabrous s. and volva, and from latter in solid stem.</p> + +<p><b>parvula</b>, Fr. White. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. campan. then plane, umb. +disc often tinged brown; g. flesh-colour; s. 2-3 cm. equal, subfistulose, +silky; volva lax, usually 3-4 lobed; sp. 5 × 3.5.</p> + +<p>var. <i>biloba</i>, Cke. S. stuffed, pubescent; volva bilobed.</p> + +<p><b>temperata</b>, Berk. P. 1-1.5 cm. convex then exp. and umb., +disc tinged tawny, rest whitish, striate; g. pale salmon; s. 1.5-2.5 cm. +whitish, volva rather large, lobed; sp. 4 × 2.5.</p> +</li></ol> + +<h3>ANNULARIA, Schulz.</h3> + +<p><b>laevis</b>, Krombh. P. 4-6 cm. convex subumb. whitish; g. free, +narrowed behind, becoming pale flesh-colour; s. 4-6 cm. base swollen, +white, ring large, free; sp. subgl. 7-8.</p> + +<p>[<b>Fenzlii</b>, Schulz. P. ovate then exp. sulphur then egg-yellow; +g. ventricose, rosy; s. soon hollow, subattenuated, sulphur below the +median ring.</p> + +<p>[<b>alutacea</b>, Pers. P. campan. obtusely umb. glabrous, tan; g. +crowded; s. glabrous, ring lax.</p> + +<p>[<b>xanthogramma</b>, Ces. P. convex, umb. squamulosely punctate +from the umbo, milk-white with densely crowded yellow striae; g. +very broad, crowded; s. stuffed, thin, obsoletely annulate below +middle.</p> + +<p><b>transilvanica</b>, Schulz. P. campan. striate to vertex, whitish, +apex darker, edge lobed; g. crowded, unequal; s. hollow, paler than +p., flocculose, ring complete, membranous.</p> + + +<h3>PLUTEUS, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Cuticle of pileus fibrillose or floccose.</i></div> + +<p><b>cervinus</b>, Schaeff. P. 4-9 cm. campan. exp. even, glabrous, then +broken up into fibrillose squamules which fall away, smoky with a +yellowish or fawn-coloured tinge; g. white then flesh-colour; s. +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_121" id="Page_121">[Pg 121]</a></span>5-9 cm. solid, whitish with black fibrils; sp. 7-8 × 5-6; cystidia +ventricose.</p> + +<p>var. <i>rigens</i>, Pers. P. grey, blackish, virgate or squamulose; s. +glabrous, somewhat shining.</p> + +<p>var. <i>patricius</i>, Schulz. P. whitish then grey with umber or tan +scales, then almost glabrous, silky shining, and radiately cracked; s. +even, white.</p> + +<p>var. <i>eximius</i>, Saund. and Sm. Large and showy. P. even, with +a separable viscid pellicle, reddish-umber, vermilion near edge when +young; s. fibrillose, at length blackish.</p> + +<p>var. <i>petasatus</i>, Fr. P. umb. glabrous, greyish white, with a +separable pellicle, at length striate to middle; s. fibrillosely striate, at +length tawny.</p> + +<p>var. <i>Bullii</i>, Berk. P. convex, smooth, even, pallid, disc darker; +s. pale brown.</p> + +<p>[<b>sororiata</b>, Karst. P. campan. exp. floccosely scaly, yellow; g. +flesh-colour; s. pallid then yellowish; sp. 7-8 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>montellicus</b>, Sacc. P. flesh spongy, dry, exp. yellowish, almost +glabrous; g. olive-grey; s. fibrous, rufescent, incurved; sp. 10 × 8.</p> + +<p><b>umbrosus</b>, Pers. P. 3-5 cm. campan. then exp. lacunose-rugose, +at first downy, umber, edge ciliato-fimbriate; g. edge smoky-fimbriate; +s. 4-7 cm. solid, squamulosely downy, pale; sp. 6-7 × 5; cystidia +ventricose.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. cervinus</i> in downy p. and dark-edged gills.</p> + +<p><b>ephebius</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. exp. obtuse, covered with bluish +down, edge naked; g. yellowish flesh-colour; s. 4-7 cm. stuffed, +glabrous, slightly striate, whitish or tinged grey; sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. cervinus</i> in minutely downy p. which is sometimes +brownish-violet.</p> + +<p>var. <i>drepanophyllus</i>, Schulz. P. umber; s. at length hollow.</p> + +<p>[<b>granulatus</b>, Bres. (= <i>plautus</i>, Q., not of Fr.) P. campan. then +exp. hygr. edge striate, rufescent, densely covered with minute +granules of same colour; g. free, edge fimbriate; s. hyaline-white, +often compressed, grooved, rather scurfy, somewhat rooting; sp. +6-8.</p> + +<p><b>violarius</b>, Mass. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. hemisph. then nearly plane, +minutely velvety, watery, dark purple, flesh grey; g. flesh-colour, +edge serrulate; s. 2-3 cm. hollow, whitish upwards, base pale brown +with black fibrils; sp. subgl. 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>salicinus</b>, Pers. P. 2-3 cm. exp. subumb. bluish-grey, disc +darker and floccosely rugose; g. rosy; s. 2-3 cm. stuffed, fibrillose, +bluish-white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>var. <i>beryllus</i>, Pers. P. greenish.</p> + +<p>var. <i>floccosus</i>, Karst. P. floccosely scaly.</p> + +<p><b>hispidulus</b>, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. convexo-plane, pilose or silky, +grey, edge at length slightly striate; g. flesh-colour; s. 3-4 cm. +fistulose, even, glabrous, silvery-white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>curtus</b>, Karst. P. convexo-exp. obtuse, longitudinally fibrillose +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_122" id="Page_122">[Pg 122]</a></span>or cracked, with short, stout, erect, muricately squarrose scales at +disc, pallid then fuscescent; g. adnexed, broad, ventricose; s. rigid, +short, equal, wavy, floccosely squamulose, fuscescent, apex naked; sp. +rough, 5 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>Resembling <i>Inocybe lacera</i> but smaller and shorter.</p> + +<p><b>pellitus</b>, Fr. White. P. 2-4 cm. convexo-plane, even, dry, +silky; g. flesh-colour; s. 3-4 cm. stuffed, glabrous, even, shining; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>var. <i>punctillifer</i>, Q. P. exp. whitish, centre tinged fuscous, and +with minute umber squamules; s. whitish, squamulose below; sp. +3-4.</p> + +<p>var. <i>gracilis</i>, Bres. P. white, becoming very faintly tinged umber +at disc; s. cylindrical, glabrous; sp. 5-6 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>Roberti</b>, Fr. P. convex then plane, obtuse, slightly hairy, not +sulcate, white tinged fuscous; g. very broad, shining white; s. apex +hollow, solid below and slightly thickened.</p> + +<p>Fries considers this sp. as near to <i>P. semibulbosus</i> notwithstanding +the white gills.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Pileus atomately pruinose, subpulverulent.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>plautus</b>, Weinm. P. campan. exp. even, glabrous, tan when +moist, smoky hoary; g. flesh-colour; s. fistulose, soft like velvet, +blackish brown.</p> + +<p>var. <i>terrestris</i>, Bres. P. exp. edge wavy, dry, pruinosely velvety, +sooty black, rugulose; g. edge subfimbriate; s. velvety, blackish; sp. +6 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>cinereus</b>, Q. Scurfy-flocculose, grey. P. with raised veins +forming pits; s. springing from a white byssoid mycelium; sp. glob. +6-8.</p> + +<p><b>nanus</b>, Pers. P. 3-5 cm. exp. obtuse, rugulose, smoky, sprinkled +with floccose bloom; g. flesh-colour; 3-4 cm. solid, rigid, striate, +white; sp. subgl. echin. 5-6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>lutescens</i>, Fr. Stem and g. or first only, yellowish.</p> + +<p>var. <i>major</i>, Cke. Larger. P. even, greyish.</p> + +<p>All the forms differ from <i>P. cervinus</i> and its vars. in having +subglobose spores.</p> + +<p>[<b>exiguus</b>, Pat. P. exp. reddish brown, bristling with minute +squamules; g. distant from stem, ventricose; s. white, pruinose, +thickened at base, solid; sp. 6-7 × 3.</p> + +<p>Near <i>P. nanus</i>, but smaller and p. squamulose.</p> + +<p><b>melanodon</b>, Secr. P. convexo-plane, umb. pulverulent, edge +slightly striate, dull yellow; g. pale flesh-colour, edge with minute +black teeth; s. fistulose, slender, firm, glabrous, shining.</p> + +<p><b>spilopus</b>, B. and Br. (= <i>spodopileus</i>, Sacc.) P. 2-3 cm. exp. +subumb. radiately rugulose, brownish or dark fawn; g. pale salmon; +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_123" id="Page_123">[Pg 123]</a></span>s. 3-4 cm. equal, whitish or tinged fawn, with scattered black points, +solid; sp. subgl. 7-8.</p> + +<p><b>semibulbosus</b>, Lasch. White. P. 1-2 cm. hemispher. obtuse, +atomately mealy, sulcate; g. pale flesh-colour; s. 1.5-2 cm. pubescent, +base swollen; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>candidus</b>, Pat. Small. P. convex, even, white, silky; g. rosy; +s. white, downy, base thickened.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">*** <i>Pileus naked, glabrous.</i></div> + +<p><b>roseoalbus</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. exp. even, glabrous, rosy, edge +naked; g. rather distant, flesh-colour; s. 4-6 cm. solid, attenuated, +whitish or tinged red, with white meal; sp. rough, subgl. 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>leoninus</b>, Schaeff. P. 3-5 cm. thin, campan. then exp. glabrous, +naked, yellow, or tinged tawny; g. yellowish flesh-colour; s. 4-7 cm. +solid, glabrous, striate, whitish; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>var. <i>coccineus</i>, Cke. P. crimson-orange or vermilion.</p> + +<p>[<b>luteomarginatus</b>, Roll. P. obtuse, umb. campan. deformed +then exp. yellow, but at same time covered with sooty down, striato-virgate; +g. crowded, rosy, edge golden-yellow; s. silky, yellow with +rosy fibrils; sp. 7.5 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>chrysophaeus</b>, Schaeff. P. 3-4 cm. campan. exp. naked, glabrous, +virgate, cinnamon, edge striate; g. white then flesh-colour; +s. imperfectly hollow, glabrous, whitish or yellowish; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>phlebophorus</b>, Ditm. P. 3-5 cm. convex then exp. rugosely +veined, umber, edge even, naked; g. white then flesh-colour; s. +3-4 cm. subincurved, glabrous, shining, whitish; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>var. <i>marginatus</i>, Q. P. rugose, granulate, clear brown; g. with +sooty crenulate edge; s. pellucid, white; sp. glob. 8.</p> + +<p>[<b>Godeyi</b>, Gill. P. campan. then exp. umb. very glabrous, rugulose, +striate, livid grey sometimes tinged green, rather viscid; g. broad, +joined by veins; s. white or tinged grey.</p> + +<p>[<b>aurantio-rugosus</b>, Trog. P. campan. then conico-exp. areolately +wrinkled, reddish yellow, disc almost vermilion; g. crowded, serrulate, +broad; s. yellowish, thickened below and tinged red, brown-fibrillose; +sp. globose.</p> + +<p>[<b>cyanopus</b>, Q. P. rugosely granular, pruinose, umber-bay; g. +remote from s., white then glaucous; s. silky, blue, base cottony, +white; sp. 6 diam.</p> + +<p><b>umbrinellus</b>, Sommerf. P. convex, exp. even, edge fimbriate; g. +white then flesh-colour; s. fistulose, rooting, tough, glabrous, shining.</p> + +<p>[<b>tenuiculus</b>, Q. P. rather small, subglobose, striate, umber; g. +semiorbicular; s. slender, pruinose, white; sp. glob. 10.</p> +</li></ol> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_124" id="Page_124">[Pg 124]</a></span></p><h3>ENTOLOMA, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">I. <span class="smcap">Genuini</span>. <i>Pileus glabrous, moist or viscid.</i></div> + +<p><b>sinuatum</b>, Fr. P. 8-14 cm. compact, exp. and depr. wavy, +even, yellowish white; g. very broad, crowded; s. 7-12 cm. solid, +fibrillose, white; sp. rough, 8-9. Poisonous.</p> + +<p><b>lividum</b>, Bull. P. 7-10 cm. exp. dry, even, longitudinally fibrillose, +livid tan; g. broad; s. 5-7 cm. white, glabrous, apex pruinose; +sp. subgl. rough, 8-10.</p> + +<p>var. <i>roseus</i>, Cke. P. whitish ochre, disc rosy.</p> + +<p><b>prunuloides</b>, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. campan. then exp. and umb. +glabrous, rather viscid, yellowish or livid then pale; g. emarginato-free, +ventricose; s. 6-8 cm. solid, unequal, white; sp. subgl. rough, +8-10.</p> + +<p><b>porphyrophaeum</b>, Fr. P. 4-6 cm. campan. then exp. umb. and +wavy, smoky fuscous then pale; g. truncate behind, almost free; s. +5-7 cm. solid, narrowed from the thickened base, fibrous, naked, +smoky purple; sp. rough, 8-10.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>E. jubatum</i> in glabrous p. and hollow s.</p> + +<p><b>repandum</b>, Bull. P. 3-5 cm. conical then exp. umb. pale ochre +striate or spotted with darker colour, edge incurved, lobed; g. +broadest in front; s. 3-5 cm. solid, silky, white; sp. globose, rough, +8. (11 × 6 Sacc.)</p> + +<p><b>erophilum</b>, Fr. P. exp. obtuse, dry, pale grey, virgate or venosely +striate; g. rounded-adnate, broad; s. solid, short, pruinose; sp. +8 × 6.</p> + +<p>Often growing in large circles.</p> + +<p>[<b>holophaeum</b>, Bres. and Schulz. (<i>Ag. plebejoides</i>, Schulz.) Entirely +umber outside and inside, pileus and base of stem darkest; g. +at length greyish; sp. r. 8-10.</p> + +<p>[<b>pyreniacum</b>, Q. P. umb. silky-virgate, silvery grey; g. greyish; +s. white, fibrillosely striate; sp. rough, 12 long.</p> + +<p><b>placenta</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. exp. umb. plane, even, regular, livid +purplish; g. crowded, thickish; s. 4-7 cm. solid, fibrously striate, +brown; sp. glob. 8.</p> + +<p><b>helodes</b>, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. exp. plane, subumb. livid purplish or +smoky, often spotted; g. attenuato-adnate, white then rosy; s. +5-7 cm. hollow, pallid, fibrillose, base somewhat thickened; sp. +globose, rough, 10.</p> + +<p>[<b>quisquilaris</b>, Karst. P. convex exp. subumb. slightly pruinose, +reddish or reddish-bay, disc darker, edge incurved, even; g. crowded; +s. subequal, reddish then blackish-bay; sp. 7-10 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>fuliginarium</b>, Karst. P. convex then subdepr. glabrous, edge +incurved at first, pellucidly striate, pitch-black then livid; g. adnate, +crowded, oblong, pallid; s. paler than p., apex white pruinose; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_125" id="Page_125">[Pg 125]</a></span></p><p><b>bulbigenum</b>, B. and Br. (= <i>E. Persoonianum</i>, Phil. and Plow.) +P. 2-3 cm. campan. or hemispher. obtuse, slightly tomentosely scaly, +white; g. adnexed; s. 5-7 cm. fibrillose, whitish, hollow, base somewhat +bulbous; sp. rough, 13-15.</p> + +<p><b>Batschianum</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. umb.-convex then plane and +depr. even, viscid, blackish; g. grey; s. 5-7 cm. tough, adpressedly +fibrillose, grey, base narrowed; sp. subgl. rough, 7-9.</p> + +<p>[<b>cudon</b>, Fr. P. tough and cartilaginous, conical, acute, blackish +umber, edge incurved; g. crowded, smoky purple; s. short; glabrous, +pallid.</p> + +<p><b>Bloxami</b>, Berk. P. 2-3 cm. campan. obtuse, dingy blue, purple, +or slate-colour, edge inclined to be lobed; g. pale rose; s. 3-4 cm. +solid, colour of p.; sp. globose, rough, 9-10.</p> + +<p><b>ardosiacum</b>, Bull. P. 3-5 cm. campan.-convex, obtuse, deep +blue with brown tinge, then greyish; g. free; s. 5-7 cm. hollow, +blue, base white; sp. subgl. rough, 9-10.</p> + +<p>[<b>nitidum</b>, Q. (= <i>E. ardosiacum</i>, Fr. Ic. t. 94, f. 4, not of Bull.) +P. campan. silky-shining, dusky bluish-violet, edge lilac, flesh white; +g. free, broad, white then flesh-colour; s. slender, often twisted, +shining, colour of p.; sp. rough, 8.</p> + +<p><b>madidum</b>, Fr. Smell strong. P. 3-5 cm. campan. exp. obtuse, +viscid, blackish-violet, sooty when old; g. greyish white; s. 5-8 cm. +hollow, violet, thickened base white; sp. rough, 8.</p> + +<p><b>liquescens</b>, Cke. P. 3-5 cm. exp. broadly umb. ochre, disc +darker; g. free, white then dingy lilac; s. 5-8 cm. white, hollow; +sp. subgl. rough, 7-8.</p> + +<p>Gills deliquesce when mature.</p> + +<p>[<b>excentricum</b>, Bres. P. campan. exp. mammilate, glabrous, +tinged tan; g. emarginate; s. cylindrical, colour of p. apex scurfy, +always excentric; sp. rough, 10-18.</p> + +<p>[<b>viridans</b>, Fr. P. conical then exp. viscid, umb. olive-green; g. +nearly free, crowded; s. hollow, glabrous.</p> + +<p>[<b>rubellum</b>, Scop. P. exp. obtuse, even, viscid, reddish; g. crenulate, +rosy; s. hollow, slightly downy, white; sp. 11 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>ameides</b>, B. and Br. P. 3-5 cm. campan. often irreg. flocculent, +soon glabrous and silky, pale reddish-grey; g. deeply rounded behind, +rugulose; s. 3 cm. whitish; sp. subgl. rough, 10.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">II. <span class="smcap">Leptonidei</span>. <i>Pileus flocculose, somewhat scaly, +absolutely dry, not hygr.</i></div> + +<p><b>Saundersii</b>, Fr. P. 5-8 cm. campan. exp. wavy and lobed, adpressedly +tomentose, white, tinged brown when old; g. broad, distant; +s. 8-12 cm. solid, equal, white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>fertilé</b>, B. P. 9-14 cm. convex then plane, dry, pulverulently +scaly, pallid reddish or reddish ochre; g. rounded behind; s. +9-12 cm. equal, base thickened, whitish, fibrilloso-squamulose, solid; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_126" id="Page_126">[Pg 126]</a></span></p><p>[<b>Rozei</b>, Q. P. umb. grey, silky shining, edge lilac; s. slender, +fibrillose, white; sp. rough.</p> + +<p><b>jubatum</b>, Fr. P. 3-7 cm. campan. exp. umb. downy-squamose +or fibrillose, mouse-colour; g. crowded, smoky; s. 5-7 cm. hollow, +equal, fibrillose, fuscous; sp. rough, 10-11 × 6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>E. porphyrophaeum</i> in squamulose p. and hollow s.</p> + +<p>[<b>scabiosum</b>, Fr. P. campan. then plane, obtusely umb. sooty, +rough with crowded, erect papillose scales; g. free, greyish-white; +s. hollow, fibrillose, sooty; sp. rough, 10-12.</p> + +<p><b>resutum</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. convex, obtuse, fuscous, disc darkest, +adpressedly scaly or fibrillose; g. ventricose, greyish; s. 4-7 cm. +somewhat stuffed, glabrous, grey; sp. rough, 8-9 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>griseocyaneum</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. campan.-convex, obtuse, floccosely +scaly, grey tinged lilac; g. white then flesh-colour; s. 3-4 cm. +hollow, floccosely fibrillose, pallid then blue; sp. rough, 8-10.</p> + +<p>Resembling <i>Leptonia</i>, but soft not cartilaginous.</p> + +<p><b>dichroum</b>, Pers. P. camp. exp. umb. squamulosely fibrillose, +violet then livid mouse-colour; g. sinuato-adnexed; s. blue, fibrillosely +mealy; sp. reddish fuscous, rough, 10-12 × 5-8.</p> + +<p><b>sericellum</b>, Fr. Shining white. P. 1.5-3 cm. exp. depr. silky; +g. adnate, then seceding; s. 3-4 cm. fibrillose then polished; sp. +subgl. rough, 10.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>E. speculum</i> in smaller size and silky p.</p> + +<p>var. <i>sublutescens</i>, Fr. P. more regular, convex, even, yellowish; +g. almost adnate; s. fistulose.</p> + +<p>var. <i>lutescens</i>, Henn. P. campan. more or less exp. at first white +and silky-floccose, then glabrous and dingy yellow; s. white then +yellowish; sp. rough, 8.</p> + +<p><b>Cookei</b>, C. Rich. (= <i>Pluteus phlebophorus</i>, var. <i>reticulatus</i>, Cke.) +P. convex then exp. reddish orange or pale brick-red, covered with +raised veins forming a network; g. adnexed; s. 2-3 cm. solid; sp. +globose, rough, 8.</p> + +<p><b>Thomsoni</b>, B. and Br. P. 3-5 cm. exp. umb. grey, with a network +of raised ribs; g. slightly adnexed; s. 3-4 cm. paler than p.; +sp. 6 × 3.5.</p> + +<p>[<b>subrubens</b>, Karst. P. conico-exp. umb. adpressedly squamulose +or fibrillose, glabrous, mouse-colour; g. sinuato-adnexed, edge crenate; +s. hollow, scurfy then glabrous, paler than p. reddish; sp. rough, +9-12 × 7-8.</p> + +<p>[<b>indutum</b>, Boud. Small, entirely grey. P. campan. then exp. +umb. coarsely fibrillose; g. broad, uncinate, powdered with the rosy +spores; s. slender, fibrillose.</p> + +<p><b>tortipes</b>, Mass. P. 6-7 cm. convex then exp. umb. often depressed, +dark brown then tan and shining; g. broadly adnate; s. +4-5 cm. silky-fibrillose, flexuous, white tinged tan; sp. 5 × 3.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>E. clypeatum</i> in elliptical sp.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_127" id="Page_127">[Pg 127]</a></span></p> +</li><li><div class="key">III. <span class="smcap">Nolanidei</span>. <i>Pileus thin, hygr. rather silky +when dry. Often wavy and deformed.</i></div> + +<p><b>clypeatum</b>, L. P. 5-7 cm. campan. then exp. umb. lurid then +greyish; g. serrulate; s. 7-9 cm. stuffed, attenuated, fibrillose, pallid; +sp. subgl. rough, 9-10.</p> + +<p><b>nigrocinnamomeum</b>, Kalchbr. P. 5-7 cm. convex then exp. +depressed round the umbo, blackish umber, even, glabrous; g. reddish +cinnamon; s. 4-6 cm. hollow, somewhat twisted, fibrillose, greyish +fuscous; sp. subgl. rough, 8 × 9.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>E. clypeatum</i> in hollow stem and entire edge of +gills.</p> + +<p><b>rhodopolium</b>, Fr. P. 5-12 cm. campan. then exp. gibbous then +subdepr. edge wavy at first incurved, brown or livid then pale and +silky shining; g. adnate then sinuate; s. 5-9 cm. hollow, glabrous, +shining white; sp. rough, 8-10 × 6-8.</p> + +<p>[<b>pluteoides</b>, Fr. P. splitting, convex, exp. obtuse, greyish white +when moist, dingy yellowish when dry; g. emarginato-adnexed, +crowded; s. hollow, rigid, cuticle fibrillose, white, usually rooting.</p> + +<p>[<b>elaphinum</b>, Fr. P. convex, obtuse, glabrous, bright fawn when +moist, pallid fuscous when dry, edge striate; g. somewhat truncate +behind, very broad; s. hollow, naked, livid; sp. rough, 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>turbidum</b>, Fr. P. campan. convex, umb. margin at first straight +and adpressed to stem, then split into striae, somewhat fuscous, grey +when dry; g. crowded, greyish white; s. hollow, inflato-clavate, +glabrous, even, silvery shining; sp. 8-11 × 7-8.</p> + +<p><b>majale</b>, Fr. P. 3-7 cm. campan.-convex, umb. edge spreading, +wavy, cinnamon, yellowish when dry; g. crenate; s. 7-9 cm. twisted, +striate, whitish, base with white down; sp. rough, 10-14 × 7-10.</p> + +<p><b>Wynnei</b>, B. and Br. Smell unpleasant. P. 3-4 cm. convex then +exp. subumb. often wavy, smoky grey, velvety then squamulose; g. +broad, transversely ribbed; s. 3-5 cm. smoky blue, base downy, +white; sp. rough, 10-11 × 7-8.</p> + +<p>Smell resembling that of bugs.</p> + +<p><b>costatum</b>, Fr. P. 4-6 cm. bullate then plane, subumbil. wavy, +glabrous, livid, fuscous then shining; g. nearly free, entire, transversely +ribbed, pallid; s. 4-5 cm. deformed, substriate, grey, apex +with white squamules; sp. rough, 12-14 × 8-11.</p> + +<p>[<b>Cordae</b>, Karst. Differs from <i>E. costatum</i> in blackish umbilicate +p.; smaller sp. rough, 5-6. Other points identical.</p> + +<p><b>sericeum</b>, Fr. Smell strong, like meal. P. 2-3 cm. exp. greyish +fawn when moist, livid and silky shining when dry; g. grey, emarginate; +s. 2-3 cm. fistulose, fibrillose, paler than p.; sp. globose, +rough, 7-8.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>Nolanea pascua</i> in mealy smell, and broad distant +gills cut out behind.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_128" id="Page_128">[Pg 128]</a></span></p><p>[<b>mimicum</b>, Karst. P. campan. obtuse, then exp. glabrous, fuscescent; +g. adnate, whitish then dingy; s. hollow, equal, cartilaginous, +glabrous, livid; sp. 9-12.</p> + +<p>[<b>venosum</b>, Gill. Smell strong of meal. P. thin, convex, subumb. +brownish, silky and shining when dry; g. free, broad, transversely +veined, reddish-grey; s. fragile, fibrillose, rather squamulose at apex.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>E. sericeum</i> in free g.</p> + +<p>[<b>praecox</b>, Karst. P. fragile, conico-convex, at length umb. glabrous, +silky-shining; g. ventricose, crowded, dingy then flesh-colour; +s. fistulose, equal, compr. glabrous, striate, pallid; sp. 7-10.</p> + +<p><b>nidorosum</b>, Fr. Smell alkaline. P. 4-7 cm. convex then exp. +and subdepr. greyish fawn, livid and with a silky sheen when dry; g. +broad, wavy; s. 4-7 cm. stuffed, equal, glabrous, pallid, apex with +white meal; sp. rough, 8-10 × 7-8.</p> + +<p>Smell sometimes very faint.</p> + +<p><b>speculum</b>, Fr. Whitish. P. 2-4 cm. exp. subdepr. very glabrous, +shining when dry, edge incurved, wavy; g. emarginate, broad; +s. equal, very fragile, striate; sp. subgl. rough, 12. (12-14 × 7-8 +Sacc.)</p> +</li></ol> + +<h3>NOLANEA, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Gills grey or somewhat fuscous. Pileus dusky, hygr.</i></div> + +<p><b>pascua</b>, Pers. P. 2-3 cm. conico-exp. subumb. striate, livid +bistre, paler and shining when dry; g. crowded, narrowed behind, +greyish; s. 3-5 cm. silky-fibrous, striate, pale; sp. rough, 9-10.</p> + +<p>var. <i>umbonata</i>, Q. P. acute, umb. bay; s. fibrilloso-striate, +silvery.</p> + +<p>[<b>proletaria</b>, Fr. P. campan.-exp. obtuse, somewhat umber, disc +darker, villose; g. sooty grey; s. fibrous, very fragile, grey; sp. rough, +10-12 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>versatilis</b>, Fr. P. convex then flattened, glabrous, shining, livid +aerugineous; g. grey; s. greyish white, with a silvery sheen when +dry.</p> + +<p>[<b>limosa</b>, Fr. Smell strong of meal. P. campan. obtuse, glabrous, +sooty, hoary-silky when dry; g. adnate, grey; s. polished, base inflated, +glabrous.</p> + +<p><b>Babingtonii</b>, Blox. P. 1-1.5 cm. conico-campan. pale grey, +silky, with fasciculate fibrils, disc squamulose; g. adnate, grey; +s. 2-3 cm. hollow, rather wavy, strigose and covered with brown +down; sp. rough, 7-8.</p> + +<p><b>mammosa</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. conico-campan. papillate, striate, +glabrous, fuscous, pale when dry; g. grey; s. 4-5 cm. rigid, polished, +apex with white meal; sp. rough, 7-8 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>papillata</b>, Bres. P. subcampan. exp. papillate, striate, fuscous-bay +then paler; g. sinuato-adnate; s. shining, glabrous, base with +white down; sp. 5-7-angled, 10-11 × 6-7.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_129" id="Page_129">[Pg 129]</a></span></p><p>[<b>Bresadolae</b>, Mass. (= <i>N. clandestina</i>, Bres.). P. campan. exp. +umb. or papillate, glabrous, shining, striate, umber-bay or almost +black then rufescent; g. thick, umber then fuscous-purple; s. polished, +blackish-bay, subequal; sp. 5-6-angled, 9-10 × 7.</p> + +<p>[<b>clandestina</b>, Fr. Umber. P. hemispher. umb. slightly striate, +glabrous, silky when dry; g. very distant, thick, umber then purplish; +s. short, naked.</p> + +<p>[<b>bryophila</b>, Boud. and Roze. P. conico-campan. striate, apiculate, +pale rufous brown, apex blackish; g. nearly free; s. cartilaginous, +semipellucid, equal.</p> + +<p><b>juncea</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. conical then exp. radiately striate, +sooty umber, disc subumbil. subsquamulose; g. obovate, grey then +brownish purple; s. 4-6 cm. slender, fuscous; sp. rough, 10-12.</p> + +<p>[<b>fumosella</b>, Wint. (= <i>A. fumosus</i>, Rab.). P. subconic, then +subexp. umbil. subpellucid virgate, reddish grey, sometimes white-floccose, +silky shining when dry; g. adnexed, subtriangular, closely +crowded, grey then brownish; s. colour of p., base albo-floccose, +rooting, slightly viscid.</p> + +<p><b>fulvostrigosa</b>, B. and Br. P. 2-3 cm. conico-campan. subumb. +rugulose, ochre with olive tinge; g. adnexed; s. 4-5 cm. hollow, +mealy-squamulose, base densely strigose with reddish fibrils; sp. +rough, 10 × 6; cystidia conical.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills yellowish or reddish.</i></div> + +<p><b>nigripes</b>, Trog. Smell of stinking fish. P. 2-3 cm. conico-campan. +obtuse, even, fuscous with paler flecks; g. yellowish pink; s. +7-10 cm. twisted, glabrous, black; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>pisciodora</b>, Ces. Smell of stinking fish. P. 2-3 cm. conico-campan. +obsoletely umb. tawny cinnamon, soft like velvet; g. +adnexed; s. 5-7 cm. chestnut then blackish, apex paler, rather +velvety; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>rufocarnea</b>, B. P. 2-3 cm. hemispher. umbil. reddish brown +slightly fibrillose; g. ventricose, veined, salmon; s. 4-5 cm. hollow, +pale reddish brown, apex paler; sp. 9-10 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>vinacea</b>, Fr. P. campan.-convex, obtuse, slightly striate, rufescent; +g. distant; s. even, glabrous, yellow.</p> + +<p>var. <i>squamulosa</i>, Karst. P. campan. subumbil. coarsely striate, +scurfy; g. edge floccosely crenulate, golden; s. glabrous, yellowish; +sp. rough, 10-12 × 7-8.</p> + +<p>[<b>cetrata</b>, Fr. P. camp. then exp. glabrous, furcato-sulcate, +yellow; g. pallid yellow; s. fragile, glabrous, yellow; sp. rough, +10-12 × 10.</p> + +<p>[<b>cuneata</b>, Bres. P. conico-cuspidate, glabrous, striate, lurid +yellow, cusp yellowish, g. pale yellow then brownish flesh-colour; +s. yellowish, apex with white scurf, base with contorted fibres; sp. +angular, 10-12 × 7-8.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_130" id="Page_130">[Pg 130]</a></span></p><p>[<b>carneovirens</b>, Jungh. P. campan. deeply striate, greenish +yellow; g. free, broad; s. solid, glabrous, dusky aerugineous; sp. +11-12 × 7-8.</p> + +<p><b>icterina</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. campan.-convex, striate, papillate, +yellowish green, hygr.; g. distant, ventricose; s. 3-4 cm. rigid, floccosely +mealy, colour of p. or brownish; sp. rough, 11-12 × 8.</p> + +<p><b>subglobosa</b>, A. and S. P. 2 cm. hemispher. even, viscid, yellowish; +g. nearly free, rhomboid; s. 3-4 cm. striate, pale; sp. 9 × 7.</p> + +<p>[<b>hesperidium</b>, Brig. P. broadly campan. even, waxy yellow, disc +darker; g. free, crowded; white then greyish violet, edge at length +blackish; s. even, shining white.</p> + +<p>[<b>pleopodia</b>, Bull. P. campan. then exp. and edge upraised, even, +yellowish; g. narrowed behind, dingy flesh-colour; s. equal, yellowish +white, apex pruinose; sp. 10-12 × 4.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">*** <i>Gills white then rosy. Hygroph.</i></div> + +<p><b>picea</b>, Kalchbr. Smell of stinking fish. P. 2-3 cm. conical then +campan. papillate, even, glabrous, pitch brown then umber; g. emarginate; +s. 3-5 cm. slightly pruinose, colour of p.; sp. 7-8 × 5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>N. pisciodora</i> in colour of gills and p.</p> + +<p>[<b>hirtipes</b>, Fl. Dan. P. conico-campan. fuscous; g. free, obovate, +rosy; s. slender, glabrous, colour of p. hirsute below; sp. rough, 7-9.</p> + +<p><b>infula</b>, Fr. Very tough. P. 2 cm. conical then exp. papillate, +shining, dark grey then pale; g. narrow, closely crowded, pure white +then rosy; s. 4-5 cm. rigid, glabrous, naked, fuscous; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>var. <i>versiformis</i>, Fr. P. convex then depr. or even infundib. but +persistently papillate.</p> + +<p>[<b>viridifluens</b>, Lasch. P. campan. subumbil. dry, fibrous, fuscous +olive; g. adnate, broad; s. greenish-yellow.</p> + +<p>Exuding a green juice when broken.</p> + +<p>[<b>staurospora</b>, Bres. P. conico-campan. hygr. brownish umber, +margin striate; g. subadnexed, white then flesh-colour; s. livid, +fibrilloso-striate, often twisted, tall, albo-floccose at base; sp. almost +quadrangular-stellate, 10-12.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>N. hirtipes</i> in larger size, fibrillose stem, downy, not +strigose at base.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">**** <i>Gills whitish. Not hygr.</i></div> + +<p><b>verecunda</b>, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. campan.-convex, disc rather fleshy, +subumb. watery reddish, striate towards edge, flocculose; g. adnate; +s. 3-4 cm. pallid, apex mealy; sp. 10-12 × 5-8.</p> + +<p><b>coelestina</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. campan. obtuse, blue, disc darker, +scabrid; g. adnate, very broad; s. 2-3 cm. blackish blue, apex +pruinose; sp. glob. 10.</p> + +<p>[<b>cruentata</b>, Q. P. campan. mammilate, edge exp. pruinose, +bluish-lilac; g. broad; s. slender, glaucous or bluish, rufescent when +touched; sp. rough, 10.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_131" id="Page_131">[Pg 131]</a></span></p><p><b>exilis</b>, Fr. P. 2 cm. conico-exp. striate, livid grey, apex darker +and papillate; g. adnexed; s. 4-6 cm. filiform, bluish green, apex +naked; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>Kretzschmarii</b>, Rab. P. ovate then exp. reddish then greyish +white, umbo rather fleshy, pellucidly striate at edge; g. decur.; s. +yellowish brown, base floccosely rooting.</p> + +<p><b>rubida</b>, Berk. P. up to 1 cm. convex then exp. umbil. whitish +grey then rufescent, minutely silky; g. adnate, slightly decur.; s. +4-6 mm. white; sp. 4-5 × 3.</p> + +<p>[<b>cocles</b>, Fr. Small. P. at first cucullate, furcato-sulcate, disc +umbil., umber, scabrid, becoming exp.; g. adnate, broad, distant; s. +glabrous, livid.</p> + +<p>[<b>monachella</b>, Q. P. campan. apiculate, striate, diaphanous, +white, centre spotted sooty; g. adnate, uncinate; s. bulbillose, white, +hyaline; sp. rough, 10-12 × 6-8.</p> + +<p>[<b>minuta</b>, Karst. P. convex, sometimes subumbil. striate up to +umbilicus, glabrous, pallid fuscous, paler when dry and shining; g. +adnate, pallid; s. pallid fuscous, glabrous; sp. rough, 7-9.</p> +</li></ol> + +<h3>LEPTONIA, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Gills whitish. Pileus rather fleshy, not striate, +not hygr.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>Linkii</b>, Fr. P. convexo-plane, fibrillosely virgate, sooty black +then grey, disc darker; g. white then flesh-colour, edge black; s. +glabrous, smoky, base incurved; sp. 10 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>Forquignoni</b>, Q. P. umbil. wavy, rugulosely striate, granulated, +olive, diaphanous; g. eroded, hoary; s. slightly striate, silky; sp. +rough, 11 long.</p> + +<p><b>placida</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. convex, obtuse, grey or bluish, downy +disc darker, fibrillosely scaly; g. adnexed, broad, entirely whitish; s. +4-7 cm. blackish-blue, apex with white bloom and very minutely +spotted black; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. lappula</i> in p. not being umbil.</p> + +<p><b>anatina</b>, Lasch. P. 3-4 cm. campan. indistinctly umb. greyish +brown, longitudinally fibrillosely squamulose; g. adnexed, broad; s. +3-4 cm. bluish, pruinose then fibrillosely squamulose, apex even (not +spotted black); sp. 8 × 5. (10-12 × 7-8 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. placida</i> and <i>L. lappula</i> in not having black points +at apex of stem.</p> + +<p><b>lappula</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. exp. umbil. grey, even, the darker +umbilicus with erect fibrils, giving a muricellato-punctate appearance; +g. broad, crowded; s. 4-5 cm. brownish-lilac or blackish-purple, +apex naked and with black points; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_132" id="Page_132">[Pg 132]</a></span></p><p><b>lampropoda</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. convex then exp. or subdepr. +flocculose then squamulose, sooty grey then paler; g. adnate, ventricose; +s. 3-4 cm. even, firm bluish violet, apex not black spotted; +sp. rough, 10-11 × 6-7.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. asprella</i> in even p. not being umbilicate.</p> + +<p>var. <i>cyanulus</i>, Lasch. Slender. P. subumbil. floccosely villose, +blackish blue; s. capillary.</p> + +<p><b>aethiops</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. plano-depr. even, shining, black +then smoky, glabrous but innately fibrillosely virgate; g. adnate, +entirely whitish; s. 3-5 cm. blackish brown, black punctate upwards; +sp. rough, 10 × 7.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. lampropoda</i> in black punctate s.</p> + +<p><b>solstitialis</b>, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. exp. at length depr. papillate, +rugulose, obsoletely innately fibrillose, fuscous; g. emarginate, broad; +2-3 cm. smoky, glabrous; sp. rough, 12-14 × 7.</p> + +<p>[<b>camelina</b>, Lasch. P. obtuse, pallid rufous; g. arcuate, crowded; +s. stuffed, fibrillose, base curved.</p> + +<p>[<b>Turci</b>, Bres. P. convex, umbil. then exp. brown-umber then tan, +densely downy then squamulose; g. broad; s. hollow, compr. livid +cinnamon; flesh white, rosy when broken; sp. angular, 11-12 +× 7-8.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills at first bluish or grey.</i></div> + +<p><b>serrulata</b>, Pers. P. 2-3 cm. hemispher. exp. umbil. rather +scaly, blackish blue; g. broad, edge black-serrulate; s. 2-3 cm. paler +than p. with black points above; sp. rough, 12-14 × 6-8.</p> + +<p><b>euchroa</b>, Pers. P. 1.5-2 cm. campan.-convex, obtuse, fibrillosely +scaly, violet; g. violet, edge darker, entire; s. 2-3 cm. violet, not +black punctate; sp. rough, 10 × 7-8.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. chalybea</i> and <i>L. lazulina</i> by growing on +wood.</p> + +<p><b>chalybea</b>, Pers. P. 2-3 cm. convex, subumb. not striate, flocculose +then squamulose, dark violet; g. greyish-white, edge rather paler; +s. 3-5 cm. blue, not punctate; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. lazulina</i> by p. not being striate.</p> + +<p><b>lazulina</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. campan. striate, at first glabrous then +cracked into squamules, sooty black; g. adnate, equally narrowed +from stem to edge of p. pallid grey; s. 4-5 cm. blue, not punctate; +sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>Bresadolae</b>, Schulz. P. subglobose then exp. umbil. and depr. +umber, minutely squamulose; g. pale violet; s. bright blue, base +bulbous with white down; sp. rough, 8-10.</p> + +<p>[<b>Bizzozeriana</b>, Sacc. P. umb. exp. dusky grey with dark +scurf; g. dusky vinous-purple; s. dusky purple; sp. 7 × 3.</p> + +<p>[<b>Gorteri</b>, Weinm. P. convex, obtuse, velvety-squamulose, grey +then pale, edge white-fimbriate; g. fuscous purple, shining; s. purple +violet.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_133" id="Page_133">[Pg 133]</a></span></p> +</li><li><div class="key">*** <i>Gills fuscous- or dusky-purple.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>calimorpha</b>, Weinm. P. conico-convex, umb. densely squamulose, +sooty or black; g. nearly free, ventricose, with a purple sheen, edge +black; s. blackish-purple.</p> + +<p>[<b>aquila</b>, Fr. P. exp. deeply umbil. bay; g. sinuato-adnexed, very +broad; s. stuffed, fuscous, thickened upwards.</p> + +<p>[<b>pyrenaica</b>, Pat. and Doas. P. convexo-plane, 4-5 mm. slightly +umb. edge incurved, reddish brown; g. pale red, adnate with a tooth; +s. solid, curved, colour of p.; sp. 5-6.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">**** <i>Gills pallid. Pileus yellow or greenish +then pale.</i></div> + +<p><b>incana</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. exp. umbil. glabrous, somewhat virgate, +brownish green; g. adnate with decur. tooth, greenish white; s. +3-5 cm. shining, brownish green; sp. rough, 8-9.</p> + +<p>[<b>euchlora</b>, Lasch. P. campan. convex, not striate, yellow-green +with brown fibrils, darker disc impressed; g. adnate; s. squamulosely +fibrillose, greenish-yellow, base aerugineo-tomentose; sp. 10-14 +× 6-8.</p> + +<p><b>formosa</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. exp. subumbil. slightly striate, yellow +wax-colour with brown adpressed fibrils and scattered squamules; g. +adnate, pallid yellow; s. 4-5 cm. striate, shining, yellow; sp. +10-12 × 8.</p> + +<p>var. <i>suavis</i>, Lasch. S. becoming bluish.</p> + +<p><b>chloropolius</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. exp. striate, livid, centre with +black squamules; g. adnate, pallid; s. 4-5 cm. even, bluish-green; +sp. rough, 7-8 × 5. (12-14 × 6-8 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>[<b>pallens</b>, Karst. P. convex exp. disc slightly depr. glabrous, +livid, pale and shining when dry; g. adnate, seceding; s. pallid, +glabrous; sp. rough, 9-10.</p> + +<p>[<b>melleo-pallens</b>, Karst. P. convex, entirely striate, glabrous, +shining, brownish honey-colour then pale; g. soon free, edge darker; +s. colour of p. base with white down; sp. rough, 13-15 × 10-11.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">***** <i>Gills grey or glaucous. Pileus hygr. +substriate.</i></div> + +<p><b>asprella</b>, Fr. P. 3-4 cm. exp. glabrous or fibrillose, striate, +umbilicus downy then squamulose, sooty then livid grey; g. adnate, +equally narrowed to the edge; s. 3-4 cm. slender, even, glabrous, +livid, tinged green or blue; sp. 10-12 × 6-8.</p> + +<p>[<b>scabrosa</b>, Fr. P. exp. umbilic. from the first, not striate, +squamulose, sooty-brown, then grey, hygr.; g. adnate, segmentoid, +grey; s. even, apex with black points and white meal.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_134" id="Page_134">[Pg 134]</a></span></p><p><b>nefrens</b>, Fr. P. 3-4 cm. exp. then infundib. hygr. rather wavy, +livid sooty, depression darkest, pale when dry; g. broad, edge +blackish, entire; s. 2-3 cm. glabrous, livid fuscous; sp. 4-5 × 3.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>L. serrulata</i> in entire edge of g. and absence of black +points at apex of s.</p> + +<p>[<b>sarcita</b>, Fr. Fragile. P. exp. radiato-striate, uniform, hygr. +torn into fibrillose scales, smoky, hoary when dry; g. linear, thick, +distant, glaucous; s. short, glabrous; sp. 10-12 × 8.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">****** <i>Gills white.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>Kervernii</b>, Guern. P. fleshy-ochre or buff-yellow, dotted with +flecks; g. free, ventricose; s. slightly squamulose, shining white, +often compr. base cottony.</p> + +<p>[<b>Queletii</b>, Boud. P. white with scattered rosy-amethyst flecks; +g. white then rosy; s. white then yellowish; sp. rough, 14.</p> + +<p>[<b>sericella</b>, Bull. Shining white. P. silky; g. flesh-colour; s. +slender, fibrillose.</p> + +<p>[<b>Gillotii</b>, Q. Diaphanous, becoming hyaline white. P. striate, +umbil. tinged olive; s. fistulose, silky, base white-downy; sp. +rough, 9.</p> + +<p>[<b>parasitica</b>, Q. Pruinose, shining white. P. orbicular; g. sinuate, +white then rosy; s. arcuate, apex dilated.</p> + +<p>[<b>aemulans</b>, Karst. P. convex, umbil. innately squamulose, grey, +opaque; g. adnate, broad, smoky; s. glabrous, dusky livid, base +whitish.</p> + +<p>Resembles <i>Clitopilus vilis</i>.</p> +</li></ol> + +<h3>CLITOPILUS, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">I. <span class="smcap">Orcelli</span>. <i>Gills deeply decur. Pileus irreg. subexcentric, +wavy, scarcely hygr. edge at first flocculose.</i></div> + +<p><b>prunulus</b>, Scop. Smell like new meal. P. 5-9 cm. compact, +convex and regular then wavy, dry, pruinose, greyish white; g. rather +distant; s. 2-3 cm. ventricose, naked, striate, white; sp. 7-8 × 5. +Edible.</p> + +<p><b>orcella</b>, Bull. Smell like new meal. P. 5-7 cm. soft, plano-depr. +irreg. from first, silky, rather viscid when moist, yellowish-white; +g. crowded; s. 2 cm. flocculose, thickened upwards; sp. +7 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>mundulus</b>, Lasch. P. 3-5 cm. plano-depr. unequal, dry, white; +g. closely crowded, narrow; s. 2-3 cm. floccosely villose, white, becoming +blackish inside; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>pseudoorcella</b>, Fr. P. exp. depr. even, somewhat fuscous, but +silkily hoary; g. broad, distant, greyish white; s. solid, short, outside +and inside greyish-brown.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_135" id="Page_135">[Pg 135]</a></span></p><p><b>popinalis</b>, Fr. Entirely grey. P. 3-5 cm. flaccid, rather wavy, +glabrous; g. crowded, dark grey; s. 3-4 cm. equal, naked; sp. +rough, 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>undatus</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. deeply umbil. wavy, fragile, sooty +grey, pale and silky opaque; g. dark grey; s. 2-3 cm. hollow, colour +of p.; sp. rough, 6-8. (10-12, Quél.)</p> + +<p>var. <i>viarum</i>, Fr. P. often excentric, greyish hoary, shining, with +darker zones.</p> + +<p>[<b>concentricus</b>, Gill. P. convex, umbil. edge wavy, greyish or +reddish with brown broken concentric lines; g. reddish grey; s. pale +reddish with abundant white down at base.</p> + +<p><b>cancrinus</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. convex-umbil. then exp. unequal, +flocculose, smooth, pale reddish-white; g. decur. distant; s. 2 cm. +tough, glabrous, white; sp. rough, 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>cretatus</b>, B. and Br. P. 1-2 cm. convex then umbil. thin, dead +white but shining, edge incurved; g. very decur.; s. 4-6 mm. white; +sp. subgl. 4-5. (7 × 3 Phil., 11-12 long, Quél.)</p> + +<p>[<b>lentulus</b>, Karst. P. plano-depr. often irreg. rather silky, rather +viscid when moist, whitish; g. decur. closely crowded, narrow, pallid; +s. solid, equal, wavy, flocculose, pallid; sp. rough, 2-4.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">II. <span class="smcap">Sericelli</span>. <i>Pileus regular silky or hygr.-silky, edge +involute, naked. Gills adnate, slightly decur.</i></div> + +<p><b>carneoalbus</b>, Wither. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. convex then exp. and +depr. edge drooping, white, polished; g. crowded; s. 2-3 cm. equal, +solid, white; sp. rough, 7-8.</p> + +<p>[<b>angustus</b>, Pers. P. convexo-plane, subumb. grey, silky-shining +when dry; g. tinged flesh-colour; s. glabrous, white, base incurved, +downy; sp. 7-8 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>sarnicus</b>, Mass. P. 2-3 cm. becoming plane, subumbonate, grey, +silky; g. plane then suddenly decurrent near the stem, reddish; s. +2-3 cm. flexuous, white, smooth; sp. nodulose, 7-8 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>nidusavis</b>, Secr. P. plano-umb. floccosely-scurfy, greyish brown, +at length wavy; g. broad, thickish, white then flesh-colour; s. flocculose, +thickened at both ends, base with white down; sp. 8-9 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>hydroionides</b>, Cesati. Tough, violet then grey. P. convex, +obsoletely umb. hygr.; g. adnato-decur. whitish; s. hollow, short, +even.</p> + +<p><b>vilis</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. convex, umbil. slightly striate, grey, silky-flocculose; +g. crowded, white then greyish; s. hollow, fibrillosely +striate, grey; sp. 7-8 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>ionipterus</b>, Cesati. P. plano-depr. glabrous, violet; g. adnato-decur. +bluish; s. solid, pallid, cracked into fibres outside.</p> + +<p>[<b>cicatrisatus</b>, Lasch. P. convex, umbil. glabrous, not striate, +rivuloso-rugulose when adult, fuscous; g. broad, pallid; s. even, base +strigose, rooting.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_136" id="Page_136">[Pg 136]</a></span></p><p>[<b>neglectus</b>, Lasch. P. convex then umbil. not striate, floccosely-fibrillose, +whitish ochre then pallid; g. adnato-decur.; s. solid, weak, +whitish.</p> + +<p><b>straminipes</b>, Mass. P. 3-5 cm. fragile, whitish, shining, soon +exp. and depr.; g. whitish then rosy; s. 3-5 cm. straw-colour below, +mealy above, hollow; sp. rough, 10-12.</p> + +<p><b>stilbocephalus</b>, B. and Br. P. 2-4 cm. campan. obtuse, edge +straight, yellowish-white or greyish, sparkling with atoms; g. veined, +adnate or emarginate; s. 4-7 cm. silky-fibrous, white; sp. rough, +12 × 7-8.</p> + +<p><b>Smithii</b>, Mass. P. 2-4 cm. soon plane and orbicular, often wavy, +atomate, white or tinged yellow; g. broadly adnate; s. 4-7 cm. +surface undulated, pallid with a reddish tinge below; sp. glob. 4.</p> +</li></ol> + + +<h3>ECCILIA, Fr.</h3> + +<p>[<b>polita</b>, Pers. P. umbil. glabrous, hygr. livid, shining when dry; +g. crowded; s. equal, livid, polished, apex subpruinose.</p> + +<p>[<b>apiculata</b>, Fr. P. convex, depr. umb. even, hygr. livid, silky +when dry; g. rather distant, grey; s. equal, glabrous, livid.</p> + +<p><b>Parkensis</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. exp. deeply umbil. glabrous, fuscous, +striate to middle; g. crowded; s. 2 cm. colour of p. glabrous; sp. +rough, 8-10.</p> + +<p><b>carneogrisea</b>, B. and Br. P. 2-3 cm. convex, umbil. finely +striate, greyish pink, edge darker, micaceous; g. subdecur. edge +irreg. darker; s. 2-4 cm. colour of p. white down at base; sp. rough, +7 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>griseorubella</b>, Lasch. P. 2-3 cm. deeply umbil. then plane, +striate, hygr. umber then hoary; g. slightly decur.; s. 3-4 cm. +glabrous, paler than p.; sp. rough, 9-10.</p> + +<p>[<b>Mougeotii</b>, Fr. (= <i>E. atrides</i>, Q.). P. umbil. then infundib. +fibrillose then squamulose, greyish lilac, edge blue; g. lilac then +pallid; s. elongated, fibrillose, apex floccose, greyish lilac; sp. 7-8.</p> + +<p>var. <i>minor</i>, Sacc. P. convex then umbil. fuscous violet; g. lilac; +s. violet; sp. rough, 9 × 7.</p> + +<p><b>atrides</b>, Lasch. P. plane, deeply umbil. striate, black or brown, +black virgate, then pale; g. pallid, edge with black points; s. pallid +with black points above; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Fries thinks this may be an abnormal form of <i>Lept. serrulata</i>.</p> + +<p><b>nigrella</b>, Pers. Tufted, small. P. smooth, umbil. becoming +blackish, not virgate; g. flesh colour then grey, edge same colour; s. +short, glaucous, not dotted black; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>United by Fries with <i>E. atrides</i>, but considered distinct by Berk. +and Broome.</p> + +<p>[<b>nigellus</b>, Q. Small, bay then blackish; p. striate, umbil. granulated; +g. decur. narrow, grey; s. short, glabrous, base woolly; sp. +rough, 10.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_137" id="Page_137">[Pg 137]</a></span></p><p><b>atropuncta</b>, Pers. P. 1-2 cm. soft, hemispherical, pale grey; +g. decur. arcuate, rosy-grey; s. 2-4 cm. rather tough, pallid, shining, +with black dot-like squamules; sp. rough, 5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>calophylla</b>, Pers. P. hemispher. umbil. sooty umber; g. decur. +reddish-purple; s. narrowed upwards, rather thick, somewhat viscid, +colour of p., at first purplish, shining.</p> + +<p><b>rhodocylix</b>, Lasch. P. 1-1.5 cm. umbil.-infundib. remotely +striate when moist, somewhat fuscous, flocculose and grey when dry; +g. very distant, broad; s. 2-3 cm. glabrous, grey; sp. rough, 10.</p> + +<p>[<b>rusticoides</b>, Gill. P. convex, umbil. striate, glabrous, hygr. +brown, paler when dry; g. decur. thick, distant, forked, rufous-brown; +s. slender, colour of p.</p> + +<p><b>flosculus</b>, W. G. Sm. P. 1.5-2 cm. deeply umbil. with crystalline +particles, irreg. black brown, whitish with age; g. decur. rather wavy; +s. 2 cm. reddish; sp. rough.</p> + +<p>Probably introduced.</p> + +<p><b>acus</b>, W. G. Sm. P. 1-1.5 cm. deeply umbil. densely pruinose, +white, edge striate and incurved; g. thick, distant; s. 2-3 cm. smooth, +whitish; sp. rough.</p> + +<p>Probably introduced.</p> + +<p>[<b>tristis</b>, Bres. Smell like spirit-of-wine. P. convexo-subcampan. +umbil. edge crisped, striate, moist, glabrous, brown; g. distant, thick, +broad, arcuato-decur. fleshy-brown; colour of p. glabrous; sp. rough, +8-10.</p> + + +<h3>CLAUDOPUS, W. G. Sm.</h3> + +<p>[<b>translucens</b>, D. C. P. subsessile, thin, orbicular, wavy, pellucid, +white tinged reddish; g. free, pallid then reddish lilac; sp. 4-6 +long.</p> + +<p><b>variabilis</b>, Pers. P. 1-1.5 cm. resupinate, then reflexed, tomentose, +white, attached by a very short incurved downy stem which +disappears when the pileus turns over; g. radiating from an excentric +point, distant, white then pink; sp. 3 × 2.</p> + +<p>var. <i>sphaerosporus</i>, Pat. P. white, tomentose; g. paler than +type; sp. globose, echinulate, tinged red.</p> + +<p><b>depluens</b>, Batsch. P. 1-1.5 cm. more or less convex, edge incurved, +resupinate then reflexed, white or tinged reddish, usually +with a very short downy s.; g. broad, ventricose, grey then tinged +rufescent; sp. glob. rough, 5-6. (9-11 × 6-8 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. variabilis</i> in globose, warted s.</p> + +<p>[<b>inaequabilis</b>, Sacc. Entirely rusty, stipitate; p. oblique, almost +glabrous; g. sinuato-free, ventricose; s. very excentric, short, base +dilated, incurved; sp. 8 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>macrosporus</b>, Pat. and Doas. P. exp. depressed at an excentric +point corresponding to insertion of stem, reddish brown, striate up +to depression; g. broad, distant, reddish; s. short, excentric, enlarged +into a flat plate at base; sp. 15-18 × 12.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_138" id="Page_138">[Pg 138]</a></span></p><p><b>byssisedus</b>, Pers. P. 1-2 cm. resupinate then horizontal, +reniform, plane, downy, grey then pale; g. adnato-decur. greyish-white, +reddish with the spores; s. incurved, downy, base surrounded +with white fibrils; sp. glob. rough, 6-7.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>Pleurotus applicatus</i> by presence of s. and pink sp.</p> + +<p>[<b>Zahlbruckneri</b>, Beck. P. resupinate then reflexed, sessile, +reniform, shining white, downy; g. radiating, reddish, edge paler, +denticulate; sp. minutely warted, subg. 6-7.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. variabilis</i> in denticulate edge of gills and sp.</p> + +<p>[<b>Klukii</b>, Blonski. P. shell-shaped, reniform, downy, greyish-tan; +g. crowded, decur. whitish then bright rosy; s. slightly curved, base +white and downy; sp. 5-6 × 3.</p> + +<p>Allied to <i>C. byssisedus</i> but larger.</p> + +<p>[<b>Peteauxi</b>, Q. P. cupulate then reniform, wavy, thin, fragile, +minutely tomentose, shining white; g. free, sinuate, radiating from a +central point which is continued into a very short, white tomentose +stem; sp. 7 long.</p> + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="OCHROSPORAE" id="OCHROSPORAE"></a>OCHROSPORAE.</h2> + + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">A. <i>Gills separating spontaneously, or very easily from +flesh of pileus.</i></div> + +<p><b>Paxillus</b>. Margin of pileus persistently involute; gills decurrent +or adnato-decurrent.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">B. <i>Gills not separating spontaneously, nor easily from +flesh of pileus.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Stem furnished with a volva, or an interwoven ring, +or with both.</i></div> + +<p><b>Locellina</b>. Volva and ring both present.</p> + +<p><b>Pholiota</b>. Ring alone present.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Volva and ring both absent.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Stem central.</i></div> + +<p><b>Pluteolus</b>. Gills free.</p> + +<p><b>Bolbitius</b>. Pileus membranaceous; gills deliquescent at maturity.</p> + +<p><b>Inocybe</b>. Stem fleshy, fibrous externally; pileus fibrillose or +scaly; gills sinuato-adnexed.</p> + +<p><b>Hebeloma</b>. Stem fleshy, fibrous externally; pileus glabrous, +viscid; gills sinuato-adnexed.</p> + +<p><b>Naucoria</b>. Stem cartilaginous externally; edge of pileus incurved +at first; gills adnexed or adnate.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_139" id="Page_139">[Pg 139]</a></span></p><p><b>Galera</b>. Stem cartilaginous externally; edge of pileus straight +at first; gills adnexed or adnate, often with a decurrent tooth.</p> + +<p><b>Tubaria</b>. Stem cartilaginous externally; gills broadest behind, +decurrent or adnato-decurrent.</p> + +<p><b>Flammula</b>. Stem fleshy, fibrous externally; gills adnate or +decurrent.</p> + +<p><b>Cortinarius</b>. Universal veil cobweb-like, not forming an interwoven +ring, often collapsing and forming a ring-like zone on the +stem; stem fleshy, fibrous.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Stem excentric or absent.</i></div> + +<p><b>Crepidotus</b>.</p> +</li></ol></li></ol></li></ol> + +<h3>PAXILLUS, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">A. <span class="smcap">Lepista</span>. <i>Pileus entire, central.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>sordarius</b>, Fr. P. convexo-gibbous then plano-depr. dingy +white, edge at length spreading and sulcate; g. adnate, crowded; +s. spongy-stuffed, equal, striate, greyish white; sp. 8 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>Alexandri</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. compact, plane then depr. dry, +fawn, edge strongly incurved; g. subdecur. yellowish; s. 1-2 cm. +stout; sp. 4-5 × 2-3.</p> + +<p><b>lepista</b>, Fr. P. 4-9 cm. plano-depr. dry, dingy white, edge +incurved, even, naked; g. deeply decur. rather branched, crowded, +whitish; s. solid, stout, pallid; sp. 8 × 6.</p> + +<p>Differs from large sp. of <i>Clitocybe</i> by strongly incurved p. and +dingy spores.</p> + +<p><b>extenuatus</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. rigid, campan. exp. naked, glabrous, +moist, brownish tan, edge incurved, downy, even; g. deeply decur. +closely crowded, white then dingy; s. 3-5 cm. solid, base tuberous, +rooting; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>panaeolus</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. thin, exp. subdepr. glabrous, moist, +white, edge incurved, thin; g. slightly decur. crowded, narrow, pale +rusty; s. 2-3 cm. rufescent, thickened below; sp. subg. 5.</p> + +<p>var. <i>spilomaeolus</i>, Fr. P. with drop-like spots; s. slender, +yellowish white; g. pale rusty.</p> + +<p>[<b>nitens</b>, Lamb. P. convex, fleshy, glutinous in damp weather, +shining and velvety when dry, yellow-brown, edge incurved, paler; +g. free, sinuate, closely crowded, becoming olive-brown; s. reddish-yellow, +base darker.</p> + +<p><b>orcelloides</b>, Cke. and Mass. P. 2-4 cm. thin, exp. snow-white +then with greyish blotches, edge incurved; g. adnato-decur. white +then brownish; s. 2-3 cm. tapering to base, ochre; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. panaeolus</i> in tapering stem and sp.</p> + +<p><b>lividus</b>, Cke. P. 2-5 cm. convex, disc depr. margin arched +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_140" id="Page_140">[Pg 140]</a></span>and incurved, dingy white or livid ochre; g. decur. broad, white; +s. 6-9 cm. narrowed downwards, white; sp. glob. 3-3.5, whitish.</p> + +<p>Probably a sp. of <i>Clitocybe</i>.</p> + +<p><b>revolutus</b>, Cke. P. 2-3 cm. convex, pale ochre, edge thin, +sometimes tinged lilac, a little upturned; g. deeply decur. pale tan; +s. 2-3 cm. narrowed downwards, paler than p., often tinged violet +at base; sp. glob. 3.5-4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. lividus</i> in deeply decur. coloured g.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">B. <span class="smcap">Tapinia</span>. <i>Pileus usually excentric or resupinate.</i></div> + +<p><b>involutus</b>, Fr. P. 7-12 cm. convex then depr. moist, rusty +orange, incurved edge downy, flesh pallid; g. branched, broad, +anastomosing behind, dingy ochre; s. solid, firm, 3-4 cm.; sp. +8-12 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>excentricus</i>, Fr. P. excentric; s. short, growing on wood.</p> + +<p><b>paradoxus</b>, Cke. P. 2-6 cm. convex then exp. sometimes +irreg. densely tomentose, rufous umber with purple tinge; g. decur. +connected by veins, yellow; s. 2-3 cm. fibrillose, red and yellow; +sp. 20-22 × 7-8.</p> + +<p><b>leptopus</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. excentric, gibbous then depr. yellow-brown, +torn into downy squamules, flesh yellow; g. simple, very +narrow, yellowish then darker; s. 1-2 cm. solid, base narrowed; +sp. 8-9 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>atrotomentosus</b>, Fr. P. 6-12 cm. compact, excentric, gibbous +then plano-infundib. dry, torn into granules, rusty; g. adnate, +yellowish; s. solid, rooting, densely covered with blackish tomentum; +sp. 5 × 3.</p> + +<p>[<b>griseotomentosus</b>, Fr. P. convexo-plane, gibbous, excentric, +oblique, glabrous, tan, becoming rusty when bruised, edge incurved, +downy; flesh watery; g. decur. broad, tan; s. stout, tuberous, velvety +with grey down; sp. 9 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>chrysophyllus</b>, Trog. P. campan.-plane, horizontal, cracked +into scales, pale cinnamon; g. decur. broad, white then citrin; +s. short, ascending, pallid.</p> + +<p><b>crassus</b>, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. oblique, nearly plane and even, becoming +rusty; g. rather distant, cinnamon; s. very short, excentric, ascending; +sp. 15-18 × 7-8.</p> + +<p>Strongly suggests the genus <i>Flammula</i>.</p> + +<p>[<b>ionipus</b>, Q. P. 5-10 cm. shell-shaped, oboval or oblong, glabrous, +straw-colour with a tinge of olive, narrowed into a short, bulbous, +tomentose, amethyst or lilac stem; flesh soft, citrin; g. decur. transversely +veined, branched, tinged olive then cinnamon; sp. 6-7 long.</p> + +<p><b>panuoides</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. shell-shaped, downy then glabrous, +sessile becoming resupinate, dingy yellow; g. decur. crowded, +branched, crisped, yellow; sp. 4-5 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>var. <i>fagi</i>, Cke. Gregarious, crisped; g. crisped, orange.</p> + +<p>[<b>lamellirugis</b>, D. C. P. 2-5 cm. resupinate, cup-shaped then +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_141" id="Page_141">[Pg 141]</a></span>shell-shaped, downy, yellow; g. decur. branched, wavy and crisped, +alveolate at the base, saffron then cinnamon; sp. 6 long.</p> + +<p>Perhaps identical with <i>P. panuoides</i>.</p> +</li></ol> + +<h3>LOCELLINA, Gillet.</h3> + +<p><b>Alexandri</b>, Gill. P. convex, umb. viscid, yellowish-tan, appendiculate; +g. adnato-decur. flesh-colour; s. slender, wavy, whitish, with +a fibrillose cinnamon veil, base bulbous, volva torn at free edge.</p> + +<p><b>acetabulosa</b>, Sacc. (= <i>Acetabularia acetabulosa</i>, B.). P. 2-3 cm. +tan, edge deeply striate; g. free, brown; s. 4-5 cm. white, hollow, +volva small.</p> + + +<h3>PHOLIOTA, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">A. <span class="smcap">Humigeni</span>. <i>Terrestrial, not attached to mosses; +rarely caespitose.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Spores rusty.</i></div> + +<p><b>aurea</b>, Matt. P. 8-14 cm. hemispher. exp. obtuse, somewhat +velvety, pulverulent or obsoletely squamulose, golden tawny; g. adnexed, +ventricose, paler than p.; s. 10-16 cm. stuffed, nearly equal, +even; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p>var. <i>Vahlii</i>, Schum. P. even, glabrous; g. almost free.</p> + +<p><b>caperata</b>, Pers. P. 6-11 cm. ovate, exp. with incrusted white +flecks, yellow; g. adnate, clay-colour; s. 8-14 cm. white, ring +superior, thin, apex scaly; sp. 12 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>terrigena</b>, Fr. (incl. <i>P. Cookei</i>, Fr.). P. 3-5 cm. exp. fibrillosely +silky, dingy yellow; g. adnate, pale yellow rusty olive; s. 4-5 cm. +equal, variegated with rusty wart-like scales; veil forming a ring and +appendiculate; sp. 5 × 3. (10 × 4-6.)</p> + +<p>[<b>Secretani</b>, Fr. P. convex, exp. yellow with darker deciduous +scales, then glabrous; g. adnate, golden then orange; s. solid, bulbous, +floccosely squamulose below ring.</p> + +<p><b>erebia</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. exp. glabrous, rather viscid, lurid umber +then pale, edge striate; g. adnate; s. 3-4 cm. pallid, apical ring +reflexed and striate; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>ombrophila</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. exp. even, rusty, hygr.; g. ventricose; +s. 6-9 cm. hollow, pallid, ring entire, distant; sp. 8 × 3.5. +(13-14 × 6-7 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>var. <i>brunneola</i>, Fr. P. obtuse, brown; g. narrow.</p> + +<p><b>togularis</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. exp. even, pale ochre; g. yellowish; +s. 6-9 cm. apex pale, ring median; sp. 8 × 3.5.</p> + +<p>var. <i>filaris</i>, Fr. P. thin, campan. exp. obtuse, even, ochre; g. +adnate, ventricose, yellow then pale rusty; s. filiform, wavy, glabrous, +pallid, ring entire, distant.</p> + +<p>Smaller than type, and s. not so yellow.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_142" id="Page_142">[Pg 142]</a></span></p><p><b>blattaria</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. exp. subumb. rusty, hygr. edge +striate; g. rounded and free, ventricose, cinnamon; s. 2-3 cm. equal, +straight, rusty, ring white; sp. 4 × 2.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Spores rusty-fuscous.</i></div> + +<p><b>dura</b>, Bolton. P. 4-5 cm. rather compact, exp. glabrous, at +length cracked into areolae, edge even, tawny then paler; g. adnate; +s. 8-12 cm. hard, pale ochre, apex mealy, ring somewhat torn; sp. +8-9 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>xanthophylla</i>, Bres. G. sulphur yellow then umber; sp. +12-14 × 7-8.</p> + +<p><b>praecox</b>, Pers. P. 3-7 cm. soft, exp. obtuse, even, pallid tan; +g. crowded, white then fuscescent; s. 4-9 cm. cylindrical, downy +then glabrous, ring white; sp. 8-13 × 6-7.</p> + +<p>var. <i>minor</i>, Fr. Small; ring torn, appendiculate.</p> + +<p>[<b>phragmatophylla</b>, Guern. P. convex, depr. round broad umbo, +maroon-bay then paler; g. narrow, adnato-decur. connected by +numerous veins; s. tinged brown, squamulose, ring persistent, +whitish.</p> + +<p><b>sphaleromorpha</b>, Bull. P. 4-7 cm. yellowish, even, soon expanded; +g. rather broad, slightly decur. dry, yellowish then tawny; +s. 5-8 cm. silky, pale, base thickened, ring distant, membranous; +sp. 10 × 7.</p> + +<p>[<b>gibberosa</b>, Fr. P. exp. dry, tan, umbo darker; g. quite free, +closely crowded; s. slender, equal, white, ring torn.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">B. <span class="smcap">Truncigeni</span>. <i>Growing on wood, or epiphytic; +often clustered.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Pileus naked, not scaly but usually rivulose; gills +pallid then rufous or fuscous.</i></div> + +<p><b>radicosa</b>, Bull. Smell strong. P. 4-9 cm. equal, obtuse, even, +glabrous, spotted, pale greyish tan; g. free, ventricose; s. 8-14 cm. +solid, rooting, mealy above, squarrosely scaly below ring; sp. 9 × 4.5.</p> + +<p><b>pudica</b>, Fr. P. 3-7 cm. exp. even, dry, glabrous, whitish or +tinged tawny; s. 3-5 cm. solid, even, whitish, ring spreading, persistent; +sp. 6-7 × 3.5.</p> + +<p><b>leochroma</b>, Cke. P. 3-6 cm. exp. glabrous, tawny; g. adnate; +s. 6-9 cm. nearly equal, solid, whitish, ring sup. tawny; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>radicellata</b>, Gill. P. ovoid then convex, striate, deep yellow-ochre; +g. numerous, slightly adnexed, colour of p.; s. white, ring +fugacious, long rooting.</p> + +<p><b>capistrata</b>, Cke. P. 3-5 cm. edge incurved, slightly striate, pale +dingy yellow, rather viscid; g. subdecur.; s. 6-9 cm. equal, squamulose, +whitish, ring sup. spreading; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>cylindracea</b>, D. C. P. convex-gibbous, even, glabrous, rather +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_143" id="Page_143">[Pg 143]</a></span>viscid, dingy yellow, disc darker; g. adnexed, crowded, whitish then +rusty; s. equal, rigid, subsquamulose, whitish, ring persistent apical, +white; sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>aegerita</b>, Fr. P. 4-9 cm. exp. rivulose, rugulose, tawny, edge +pale; g. adnate, pallid then fuscous; s. 8-14 cm. equal, silky-white, +ring sup. tumid; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>Brigantii</b>, Fr. P. convex, white, reticulately sulcate then +cracked into wart-like areolae, polygonal, apex truncate and fuscous; +g. with decur. tooth; s. solid, equal, white with bay scales, ring +apical subobsolete.</p> + +<p><b>luxurians</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. convex-gibbous then exp. unequal, +silky then squamulose, pale then rufo-fuscous; g. decur. greyish +flesh-colour then fuscous; s. 3-5 cm. white then tawny, solid, rigid, +floccose, ring apical, imperfect; sp. 10 × 4.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Pileus scaly, not hygr., gills becoming discoloured.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Gills pallid then fuscous, olive, clay-coloured, +not pure rusty.</i></div> + +<p><b>destruens</b>, Brig. P. unequal, yellowish white, with paler large +woolly floccose scales when dry; g. striato-decur. crenulate, broad, +umber at last; s. solid, narrowed upwards, white-scaly, base swollen +and rooting, ring fugacious; sp. 8-9 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>Parasitic on living trees.</p> + +<p><b>comosa</b>, Fr. P. 7-14 cm. convex, viscid, tawny with whitish +deciduous scales; g. subdecur. white then brownish tan; s. 7-9 cm. +solid, rather bulbous, white, ring floccose, soon disappearing; sp. +12 × 6. (7.5-8.5 × 5-6 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>[<b>magna</b>, Schulz. P. convex-umb. wood-yellow, with broad scattered +adpressed scales; g. sinuate, yellow then umber; s. cylindrical, +thick, squarrosely scaly, yellowish; sp. 8-11 × 4-6.</p> + +<p><b>heteroclita</b>, Fr. P. 6-14 cm. exp. very obtuse, subexcentric, +whitish or yellowish, with scattered scales; g. very broad; s. 6-9 cm. +solid, hard, bulbous, rooting, whitish, fibrillose, veil apical; sp. 8-10 +× 5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>cerifera</b>, Karst. P. convex, even, upper stratum thick, waxy-gelatinous, +glabrous, yellow, edge white-squamulose at first; g. +crowded, broad, pallid; s. central, solid, equal, curved, rooting, hard, +white-squamulose, whitish; sp. 8-10 × 6-7.</p> + +<p><b>aurivella</b>, Batsch. P. 7-14 cm. campan. convex, gibbous, tawny +yellow, with darker scales, rather viscid; g. sinuato-adfixed; s. +8-14 cm. curved, with rusty adpressed squamules, ring rather +distant; sp. 5 × 2.5. (8-9 × 4-5 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>var. <i>filamentosa</i>, Schaeff. P. thinner, scales adnate, concentric, +ring floccoso-radiate.</p> + +<p><b>squarrosa</b>, Müll. Smell strong. P. 5-9 cm. campan. convex, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_144" id="Page_144">[Pg 144]</a></span>exp. dry, rusty saffron, with darker concentric, squarrose, revolute +scales; g. narrow, pallid olive then rusty; s. 6-11 cm. squarrosely +scaly up to ring; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p>var. <i>Mülleri</i>, Fr. P. obtuse, pallid, adpressedly scaly, moist; +g. fuscescent.</p> + +<p>var. <i>reflexa</i>, Schaeff. P. thin, cuspidately umbonate, scaly; s. +partly hollow, long, equal.</p> + +<p>var. <i>verruculosa</i>, Lasch. P. compact, obtuse, yellow, papillate +scales crowded, cinnamon; s. villosely squamulose.</p> + +<p>[<b>humicola</b>, Quel. P. campan. convex, pale yellow, spotted; g. +yellow; s. slender, fistulose, yellowish, spotted; sp. 11-12 long.</p> + +<p>Probably a var. of <i>Pholiota squarrosa</i>.</p> + +<p><b>subsquarrosa</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. convex, viscid, rusty brown with +darker adpressed floccose scales; g. almost free, crowded, yellow then +dingy tan; s. 5-8 cm. rusty yellow, with darker scales up to zone of +ring; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. squarrosa</i> in nearly free g.</p> + +<p>[<b>djakovensis</b>, Schulz. P. pulvinate-umb. fleshy, edge for a long +time bent down, golden, darker and adpressed scaly at disc, very +viscid in rain; g. crowded, free, tan then purple-brown, edge entire; +s. somewhat rooting, ascending, subbulbous, scaly up to ring, colour of +p.; sp. 4-5 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>fusca</b>, Q. P. 5-8 cm. convex, umb. viscid, brown with buff +flecks near the edge; g. pale then lilac, at length brown; s. fibrous-fleshy, +curved, subbulbous, yellowish-white, apex pulverulent, covered +with fine flecks below the floccose annular zone; sp. 13 long.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Gills yellow then pure rusty or tawny.</i></div> + +<p><b>spectabilis</b>, Fr. P. 7-12 cm. compact, exp. dry, bright tawny +orange then paler, broken up into fibrous scales; g. adnato-decur. +crowded, narrow, yellow then rusty; s. 6-9 cm. solid, ventricose, +rooting, ring inf.; sp. 9 × 4.</p> + +<p>A destructive parasite on timber trees.</p> + +<p>[<b>villosa</b>, Fr. P. exp. dry, everywhere floccosely villose, yellow +tawny; g. narrow, yellow; s. elongated, stout, fibrillose, base thickened, +yellow, ring narrow, entire.</p> + +<p><b>adiposa</b>, Fr. P. 4-9 cm. exp. yellow, glutinous, with darker, +concentric, deciduous scales; g. adnate, broad; s. 7-14 cm. subbulbous, +yellow, with darker glutinous squamules; sp. 7 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>An injurious parasite to beech and ash.</p> + +<p><b>lucifera</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. exp. then umb. viscid, yellow with +darker adpr. deciduous scales; g. crenulate, narrow; s. 3-5 cm. +equal, rather squamulose, base rusty, ring inf.; sp. 8-10 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>violacea</b>, Vogl. P. convex, viscid, violet, disc darkest; g. +arcuato-decur. brownish, edge eroded; s. dark violet, ring distant, +violet.</p> + +<p><b>flammans</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. exp. subumb. dry, tawny with superficial +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_145" id="Page_145">[Pg 145]</a></span>sulphur squamules; g. crowded, entire, yellow; s. 5-7 cm. +equal, rather wavy, squarrosely scaly up to ring; sp. 8 × 4. (4 × 2, +Sacc.)</p> + +<p><b>Junonia</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. exp. obtuse, dry, glabrous, yellow or +tawny yellow; g. yellow then tawny; s. 5-9 cm. solid, equal, incurved, +scurfy above entire ring; sp. 7-9 × 4.5-5.</p> + +<p><b>tuberculosa</b>, Schaeff. P. 3-5 cm. exp. dry, tawny yellow, broken +up into adpressed innate squamules; g. broad, serrulate; s. 3-4 cm. +incurved, bulbous, ring deciduous; sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>curvipoda</b>, A. and S. P. 3-5 cm. exp. tawny yellow, torn into +floccose adpressed scales; g. adnate, broad; s. 3-5 cm. thin, incurved, +fibrillose, ring floccosely radiating, yellow; sp. 6-7 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>[<b>Kolaënsis</b>, Karst. P. convex-exp. yellow, covered with rusty or +cinnamon indumentum; g. at first yellowish; s. incurved, short, rusty +and fibrillosely scaly below.</p> + +<p><b>muricata</b>, Fr. P. exp. obtuse, umbil. dry, yellow with tawny +fasciculate flocci forming a muricate or granular covering; g. broad, +yellow; s. thin, squamulose below the fugacious ring.</p> + +<p>[<b>tersa</b>, Fr. P. exp. adpressedly squamulose, entirely yellow; g. +free; s. elongated, equal, rusty below.</p> + +<p>[<b>trichocephala</b>, Trog. P. campan. exp. obtuse, with shining +straw-coloured hair-like squamules; g. free, distant, white then rusty; +s. solid, base thickened, glabrous.</p> + +<p><b>cruentata</b>, Cke. and Sm. P. 4-5 cm. exp. dry, yellow, breaking +up into darker adpressed scales, edge incurved; g. yellow then tan; +s. curved, colour of p. 3-5 cm. curved, base dark red brown, rooting, +ring superior. Flesh red; sp. ——.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">*** <i>Gills cinnamon</i> (not yellow at first).</div> + +<p><b>paxillus</b>, Fr. Entirely cinnamon. P. 7-12 cm. convexo-gibbous +then exp. even, moist, rather wavy; g. decur. broad; s. 8-14 cm. +solid, elongated, stout, ring narrow, spreading; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>dissimulans</b>, B. and Br. P. 2-3 cm. exp. edge involute, often +gibbous or obtusely umb. hygr. slightly viscid, lurid then pale; g. +sinuately adnate; s. 3-4 cm. thickened downwards, white, ring +superior; sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>confragosa</b>, Fr. P. 3-4 cm. exp. hygr. floccosely-scurfy, edge +striate, rufous cinnamon then tawny; g. adnate, closely crowded; s. +4-5 cm. fistulose, equal, fibrillose below spreading ring; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>sublutea</b>, Fl. Dan. P. exp. umb. squamulose, moist, edge +striate, yellow; g. decur.; s. stuffed, glabrous, yellow, ring spreading.</p> + +<p><b>phalerata</b>, Fr. P. exp. glabrous but with superficial deciduous +pale scales, yellow; g. adnato-decur.; s. fasciculately pilose, adpressedly +flocculose above distant ring.</p> + +<p><b>mutabilis</b>, Schaeff. P. 2.5-9 cm. exp. subumb. glabrous, deep +cinnamon then pale; g. adnato-decur. crowded; s. 3-9 cm. rigid, +squarrosely scaly up to ring, base dark rusty; sp. 9-11 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_146" id="Page_146">[Pg 146]</a></span></p><p>[<b>gregaria</b>, Wettst. P. convex then exp. glabrous, edge thin, +striate; sometimes becoming raised, pale fuscous centre darker; g. +adnato-decur. broad, crowded, pallid then cinnamon; s. erect or +curved, fistulose, fibrous, tough, slender, squarrosely squamulose up to +spreading rusty ring, rusty below and pale above ring; sp. 6-8 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>marginata</b>, Batsch. P. 2-3 cm. exp. glabrous, hygr. edge striate, +honey-colour then pale; g. adnate, crowded; s. 3-5 cm. not scaly, +ring fugacious, dark base with white velvety down; sp. 7-8 × 4.</p> + +<p><i>P. mutabilis</i> differs in scaly s.</p> + +<p><b>sororia</b>, Karst. P. convex, exp. slightly striate, squamulose, +tawny-cinnamon; g. sinuato-adnate, crowded; s. equal, wavy, colour +of p. then paler, variegated with white squamules, apex scurfy; sp. +6-7 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>Close to <i>Pholiota marginata</i>.</p> + +<p><b>mustelina</b>, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. campan.-convex, even, glabrous, +dry, yellow then ochre; g. adnate, tawny cinnamon; s. 2-2.5 cm. +even, pallid, white-mealy above superior ring, base thickened, with +white down; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>unicolor</b>, Fl. Dan. P. 1-1.5 cm. campan.-convex, subumb. hygr. +bay then ochre; g. subtriangular; s. 3-4 cm. colour of p., ring +slender; sp. 9-10 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>mellea</b>, Karst. P. convex exp. even, glabrous, honey-colour; +g. crowded, fuscescent; s. wavy, glabrous, whitish, ring persistent; +sp. 8-12 × 6-9.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>Pholiota unicolor</i> in colour.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">C. <span class="smcap">Muscigeni</span>. <i>Resembling a Galera with +a ring; hygr.</i></div> + +<p><b>pumila</b>, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. hemispher. even, ochre; g. adnate, +crowded, broad, yellow then pallid; s. 3-4 cm. slender, ring fugacious, +forming a zone; sp. 8-10 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>muscigena</b>, Q. Honey yellow then pale ochre. P. campan. +umb. thin, striate; g. triquetrous, thin, pale then ochre; s. slender, +fistulose, fibrillose, slightly striate, cottony at the base; ring membranous, +narrow, saffron-ochre; sp. 8-9 long.</p> + +<p><b>mycenoides</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. campan.-convex, everywhere striate, +hygr. rusty then tawny or pallid; g. adnate; s. 3-4 cm. rusty, +glabrous, ring white; sp. 8-10 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>rufidula</b>, Kalchbr. P. exp. depr. not striate, rather rufous brick-red +then pale, white-flocculose at edge; g. adnate, branched; s. +watery rufescent, white-fibrillose, ring superior; sp. 8-10 × 4-6.</p> +</li></ol> + +<h3>PLUTEOLUS, Fr.</h3> + +<p><b>reticulatus</b>, Fr. P. 3-4 cm. campan. exp. viscid, reticulated +with raised anastomosing wrinkles, pale violet; g. free, rusty saffron; +s. 3-5 cm. fragile, fibrillose; sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_147" id="Page_147">[Pg 147]</a></span></p><p>[<b>dictyotus</b>, Kalchbr. Entirely pale ochraceous. P. campan. +exp. umb. dry, with anastomosing raised veins; g. free; s. fragile, +even, glabrous.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. reticulatus</i> in colour, and in growing on the +ground.</p> + +<p><b>aleuriatus</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. conical then convexo-plane, viscid, +striate, grey, livid, rosy, &c.; g. free, ventricose, saffron-ochre; s. +thin, pulverulent, subincurved, white; sp. ——.</p> + + +<h3>BOLBITIUS, Fr.</h3> + +<p><b>grandiusculus</b>, Cke. and Mass. P. 2.5-5 cm. thin, campan. exp. +slightly striate, pale yellow, disc rufous; g. free, rusty ochre; s. +6-9 cm. narrowed upwards, hollow, white; sp. 15 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>vitellinus</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. ovate then exp. viscid, egg-yellow, +even then sulcate at the edge; g. adnexed, ochre then tan; s. 6-7 cm. +equal, white, squamulose, hollow; g. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>B. flavidus</i> in white stem, and from <i>B. Boltoni</i> in +clear yellow p. not depressed at disc.</p> + +<p><b>Boltoni</b>, Fr. P. 3-4 cm. viscid, even, edge becoming sulcate, +yellow then pale, disc darker and subdepr.; g. subadnate, yellow +then livid fuscous; s. 4-5 cm. narrowed upwards, yellowish, at first +flocculose; sp. 14 × 8.</p> + +<p><b>flavidus</b>, Bolton. P. 2-4 cm. glutinous, conical then exp. disc +a little elevated, pale yellow, edge striate; g. almost free, yellow +then brownish; s. 4-6 cm. slightly tapering, yellow; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>fragilis</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. viscid, pellucid, edge striate, subumb. +yellow then pale; g. yellowish then pale cinnamon; s. 4-7 cm. +narrowed upwards, naked, glabrous, yellow; sp. 7 × 3.5. (14-15 × 8-9 +Sacc.)</p> + +<p>[<b>bulbillosus</b>, Fr. P. convex-campan. exp. not striate, pale +yellowish fuscous; g. free, ventricose, rusty; s. attenuated upwards +from a somewhat marginate bulb, whitish yellow, glabrous; sp. +10-14 × 8.</p> + +<p><b>affinis</b>, Mass. (sp. nov.) P. 1-2 cm. campan. then exp. umb. +glabrous, dry, edge striate, yellowish tawny like the narrow, adnexed +g.; s. 4-7 cm. attenuated upwards from a marginate bulb, white, +shining; sp. 8 × 6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>B. bulbillosus</i> in the pure white s., and umbonate, +striate, tawny yellow p. which is whitish when dry.</p> + +<p>[<b>conocephalus</b>, Bull. P. 1-2 cm. conico-campan. fragile, slightly +striate, viscid at the apex, creamy yellow; g. free, ventricose, becoming +ochre; s. slender, elongated, pruinose at the apex, white; sp. +10 long.</p> + +<p><b>titubans</b>, Bull. P. 2-3 cm. ovoid-campan. thin, glabrous, diaphanous, +yellow, becoming striate, plaited and greyish at the edge; +g. free, yellow then reddish or ochre; s. hollow, slender, very fragile, +3-5 cm. mealy, white, shining; sp. 12-14 × 8.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_148" id="Page_148">[Pg 148]</a></span></p><p><b>apicalis</b>, W. G. Sm. P. 2-3 cm. high, conical, not exp. striate +and brown up to ochre disc; g. free, rusty; s. 3 cm. base thickened, +striate, white; sp. 9 × 6-7.</p> + +<p><b>rivulosus</b>, B. and Br. P. 2-3 cm. campan. striate, rivulose, +dingy tan; g. cinnamon; s. 5-7 cm. narrowed upwards, smooth, +white; sp. 10-12 × 6-7.</p> + +<p><b>niveus</b>, Mass. P. 2-3 cm. campan. obtusely umb. smooth, rather +viscid, edge striate, pure white; g. free, salmon-colour; s. 7-9 cm. +clavato-bulbous and gradually narrowed upwards; sp. salmon-colour, +18 × 9-10.</p> + +<p><b>tener</b>, Berk. P. 1-2 cm. long, not exp. even, smooth, moist, +yellowish-white; g. nearly free, salmon-colour; s. 3-6 cm. clavato-bulbous, +white; sp. salmon-colour, 15-16 × 8-10.</p> + +<p><b>luteolus</b>, Lasch. Very thin, p. campan. plicato-sulcate, yellow; +g. free, yellow then livid; s. filiform, glabrous, pallid.</p> + +<p><b>pusillus</b>, Borsz. Very thin, campan. sulcato-plicate above middle, +viscid; g. free, cinnamon; s. pale yellow, white-squamulose.</p> + +<p><b>purifluus</b>, Lasch. P. very thin, exp. flocculose, sulcate, yellow; +g. free, narrow, subochraceous; s. narrowed, mealy, yellowish.</p> + +<p>[<b>Ozonii</b>, Schulz. P. thin, conico-campan. exp. disc even, cinnamon +or fuscous, rest pale ochre and densely striate; g. adnexed, +closely crowded, pale then colour of p.; s. 2-6 springing from +a common fleshy mass, or solitary and subbulbous, white; sp. 7-11 +× 5.</p> + + +<h3>INOCYBE, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">A. <span class="smcap">Squarrosi</span>. <i>Pileus at first squarrose, stem +scaly, both somewhat fuscous.</i></div> + +<p><b>hystrix</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. convexo-plane, mouse-colour, with +revolute, squarrose scales; g. grey then fuscous; s. 4-7 cm. thickened +upwards, with rings of reflexed scales, pale above ring; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>relicina</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. conico-exp. with squarrose tomentose +scales, sooty; g. yellow then olive; s. 4-5 cm. solid, equal, floccosely +scaly; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>calamistrata</b>, Fr. Smell strong. P. 2-4 cm. campan. obtuse, +squarrose with rigid recurved scales, brown; g. white then rusty; s. +4-5 cm. solid, rigid, base blue, squarrosely scaly everywhere, fuscous; +sp. 10-11 × 5. Flesh reddish.</p> + +<p><b>hirsuta</b>, Lasch. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. conico-campan. acute, squarrose +with scales formed of fascicles of hairs, fuscous-ochre, disc sometimes +greenish; g. narrow, pallid then fuscous; s. 4-7 cm. solid, slender, +floccosely scaly above, base greenish; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>lanuginosa</b>, Bull. P. 1-2 cm. hemispher. exp. obtuse, floccosely +scaly, those of disc erect, umber then yellowish; g. toothed, pallid +then clay-colour; s. 2-3 cm. thin fibrillosely scaly, apex with white +meal; sp. rough, 8 or 10; 12 × 5 (Cke.)</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_149" id="Page_149">[Pg 149]</a></span></p><p><b>squarrulosa</b>, Karst. (= <i>Clypeus</i>, Karst.) P. convex then plane, +obtuse, fibrillose, fuscescent, disc squarrosely squamulose, fuscous; +g. crowded, white-crenulate; s. equal, brownish-squamulose; sp. +10 × 7-8.</p> + +<p><b>dulcamara</b>, A. and S. P. 3-5 cm. convex, umb. pilosely-scaly, +fuscous-olive; g. pallid then olive; s. 2-3 cm. fibrillosely squamulose +from the veil, apex mealy; sp. 8-10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>plumosa</b>, Bolton. P. 2-4 cm. convexo-plane, disc with erect +pilose fascicles, edge fibrillose, mouse-grey; g. quite entire, whitish +then smoky; s. 3-6 cm. slender, wavy, floccosely scaly, apex naked; +sp. 8-9 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>cincinnata</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. convexo-plane, squarrosely +squamose, somewhat fuscous; g. fuscous violet; s. 2-3 cm. solid, +slender, scaly; sp. 7-8. (8-10 × 5 Sacc.)</p> + +<p><b>haemacta</b>, B. and Cke. P. 2-3 cm. campan. obtuse, floccosely +fibrillose with dark fibrils, disc scaly and darker; g. dingy tan; s. +4-5 cm. scarcely fibrillose, whitish above, tinged verdigris at base; +sp. 8 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>Flesh turning blood-red when bruised.</p> + +<p><b>leucocephala</b>, Boud. P. white, convex, entirely covered with +erect scales; g. free, broad, fawn; s. short, white, coarsely fibrillose +throughout; sp. rough, 9-11 × 6-8.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">B. <span class="smcap">Laceri</span>. <i>Pileus torn into scales or fibrils (not cracking); +stem coloured, paler than pileus, fibrillose.</i></div> + +<p><b>pyriodora</b>, Pers. Smell pleasant. P. 4-7 cm. umb. adpressedly +fibroso-scaly, fuscous ochre then pale; g. emarginate, rather distant; +s. 6-10 cm. solid, equal, fibrillose, pale, apex pruinose; sp. 10 × 6. +Flesh with red tinge.</p> + +<p>[<b>corydalina</b>, Q. Strong-scented. P. whitish, umbo bluish-green; +g. narrow, white then fuscous; stem white pruinose; sp. 10 long.</p> + +<p>var. <i>roseolus</i>, Pat. Larger than type. P. entirely bluish green, +edge white-append.; flesh tinged rosy.</p> + +<p>[<b>violascens</b>, Q. P. splitting, fawn, umbo lilac; g. lilac; s. hollow, +white, apex striate, lilac, ring floccose, white; sp. 12-15 long.</p> + +<p><b>incarnata</b>, Bres. P. 4-7 cm. campan. convex, broadly umb. +fibrillose then squamulose, edge fimbriate, yellowish then tinged red; +g. sinuate, edge fimbriate becoming spotted or tinged red; s. 4-6 cm. +fibrillose, rosy, apex white and mealy; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>scaber</b>, Fr. P. 3-4 cm. conico-convex, obtusely gibbous, with +scattered adpressed fibrillose scales, smoky then pallid; g. crowded, +somewhat smoky; s. 2-3 cm. thick, equal, silky fibrillose; sp. 11 × 5, +Cke.; 7 × 3-4, Pat.</p> + +<p>var. <i>firma</i>, Fr. P. fuscous tan with fuscous scales; s. velvety.</p> + +<p><b>maritima</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. convex, exp. flocculosely fibrillose, +hygr. umber then grey; g. broad, grey then rusty; s. 2-3 cm. solid, +floccosely fibrillose, smoky; sp. rough, 9-10.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_150" id="Page_150">[Pg 150]</a></span></p><p><b>violaceafusca</b>, Cke. and Mass. P. 2-5 cm. convex then exp. +obtusely umb. concentrically scaly, fibrillose, dry, umber, edge torn; +g. violet then umber, edge paler, serrulate; s. 4-6 cm. equal, smooth, +violet above; sp. 7-8 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>lacera</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. convex, exp. obtusely umb. fibrillosely +scaly, mouse-grey then pale; g. broad pale rufescent then mouse-grey; +s. 3-4 cm. fuscous-fibrillose, apex naked, red inside; sp. 12 × 6.</p> + +<p>Distinguished from <i>I. scabra</i> and <i>I. mutica</i> by being reddish +inside of s.</p> + +<p>[<b>abjecta</b>, Karst. P. convex exp. even, fuscescent, white-fibrous, +disc fibrously scaly; g. adnate, broad, ventricose in front, cinnamon +tinged olive; s. pallid, white-floccose, apex white-pruinose; sp. +10-13 × 5-7.</p> + +<p>[<b>trivialis</b>, Karst. P. conico-campan. exp. usually depr. obtusely +umb. rimose, disc sometimes scaly pallid or mouse-colour changing +to bay; g. crowded; s. solid, equal, subrufescent, at length dusky +outside and inside, not bulbous; sp. 10-12 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>rhodiola</b>, Bresad. P. conico-campan. exp. umb. fibrillosely scaly +then almost glabrous, rufous-umber then pale; g. becoming rusty-olive, +edge white-pruinose, becoming rufous spotted; s. fibrillose, +subequal, apex glabrous tinged yellow, reddish downwards, spotted +reddish when bruised; flesh whitish, base of s. red; sp. 10-12 × 6-7.</p> + +<p><b>fasciata</b>, Cke. and Mass. Caespitose. P. 4-7 cm. campan.-convex, +pale tan disc rufous, silky, covered with small, dark, squarrose +scales; g. pallid; s. 4-7 cm. fibrillose, reddish outside and inside at +base, rest pallid, solid; sp. rough, 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>rufoalba</b>, Pat. and Doass. P. convex, mammillate, brown, silky +white tomentum everywhere except umbo; g. nearly free, rusty +brown; s. equal, pubescent, rusty, not bulbous; sp. rough, 9-10 +× 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>flocculosa</b>, Berk. Smell strong. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. umb. subcampan. +silkily squamulose, tawny brown; g. fawn then rusty; s. 2-3 cm. +fibrillose, reddish, pulverulent above; sp. 10 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>Bongardii</b>, Weinm. Smell pleasant, like bergamot. P. 2-5 cm. +campan. obtuse, disc scaly, fibrillose towards edge, fuscous then pale; +g. broad, pale reddish then cinnamon; s. 4-9 cm. solid, rigid, pallid +rufous, silky and red below, apex with white meal; sp. 10-12 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>Merletii</b>, Q. P. convex, hoary, virgate with brownish fibrils; +g. milky white then brownish fawn; s. whitish, stuffed, fibrillosely +striate, ring floccose, white; sp. 11-14 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>capucina</b>, Fr. P. conico-campan. acute, everywhere fibrillosely +scaly, dusky fuscous, edge paler; g. adnate, crowded, fuscous; s. solid, +short, fibrillose, fuscous; sp. rough, 10.</p> + +<p>[<b>cucullata</b>, C. Mart. Smell like camphor. P. variable in form, +campan. campan.-convex, sometimes irreg. scaly, tawny, disc darker; +g. broad, edge white, serrulate; s. subequal, hollow, glabrous, paler +than p.; sp. smooth.</p> + +<p>[<b>asinina</b>, Kalchbr. P. convex then plane, rather gibbous, adpressedly +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_151" id="Page_151">[Pg 151]</a></span>fibrillose, hoary then rufescent tan; g. greyish yellow then +cinnamon; s. solid, brownish tan, loosely fibrillose and cingulate from +the superior veil.</p> + +<p>[<b>connexifolia</b>, Gill. Smell like ripe fruit. P. conical then exp. +umb. with adpressed fibrillose scales especially at centre; g. arcuate, +connected by veins, whitish, olive-rufous, finally cinnamon; s. fibrously +squamulose, white then tinged pink, white above; sp. smooth. Flesh +reddish when cut.</p> + +<p><b>mutica</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. convex then plane, very obtuse then +depr. squamulose, whitish, fuscous-fibrillose; g. adnate, crowded; +s. hollow, pale straw-colour then fuscescent; sp. 8 × 5. (6 × 4 Sacc.)</p> + +<p><b>carpta</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. convex exp. depr. dingy fuscous, with +woolly filaments; g. broad, fuscous brown; s. 2-4 cm. fibrillosely +woolly, hollow, narrowed downwards; sp. 8-10 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>tenebrosa</b>, Q. P. campan. cracked into squamules, umber; +s. fibrillosely striate, blackish olive, apex whitish; sp. 7-8 long.</p> + +<p><b>deglubens</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. convexo-plane, umb. torn into +adpressed fibrils, disc rather scaly, rufous bay then yellowish; g. +dingy then cinnamon; s. 4-6 cm. solid, pallid, apex with dark scurf; +sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>I. lacera</i> in dark scurfy apex of s.</p> + +<p><b>obscura</b>, Pers. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. campan. then plane, umb. longitudinally +fibrillose, disc scaly, blue then fuscous; g. olive then brown; +s. 3-4 cm. fibrillose, brownish violet; sp. 9-10 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>rufus</i>, Pat. P. brownish rufous, g. ventricose, violet.</p> + +<p>[<b>Gaillardii</b>, Gill. P. convex then exp. umbo and around scurfy, +margin torn, reddish rusty; g. crowded, free, broad, colour of p.; +s. slender, paler than p.; sp. globose with long slender spines.</p> + +<p>[<b>calospora</b>, Q. P. minutely squamulose, brownish; g. milk-white; +s. slender, slightly bulbous, pruinose, whitish rufous; sp. glob. strongly +aculeate, 10.</p> + +<p>[<b>hirtella</b>, Bres. P. conico-campan. exp. umb. edge soon splitting, +yellowish straw-colour, densely covered with darker pilose scales; +g. adnate, whitish then fuscescent, edge white-mealy; s. white becoming +tinged straw-colour with a subterranean subbulbous base; +sp. 10-12 × 6.</p> + +<p>Allied to <i>I. calospora</i>, Q.</p> + +<p><b>echinata</b>, Roth. P. 2-5 cm. campan. then exp. pulverulent +then scaly, silky, dingy brownish yellow; g. nearly or quite free, deep +rose to blood-red; s. 3-5 cm. floccosely pulverulent up to imperfect +ring, dull red, hollow; sp. 5 × 3.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">C. <span class="smcap">Rimosi</span>. <i>Pileus longitudinally fibrillose, soon cracked, +often adpressedly scaly; stem whitish, paler than +pileus, fibrillose.</i></div> + +<p><b>schista</b>, Cke. and Sm. P. 4-7 cm. campan. broadly subumb. +cracking longitudinally, fibrillose, bay brown; g. adnate, rufous, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_152" id="Page_152">[Pg 152]</a></span>edge pale, serrate; s. 6-7 cm. stout, equal, twisted, solid, paler +than p.; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>fibrosa</b>, Sow. P. 7-9 cm. campan. umbo broad, silky, even then +cracked, edge wavy, pallid; g. free, crowded, dingy ochre, edge +uneven; s. 4-12 cm. solid, narrowed upwards, striate, flocculosely +scaly above; sp. slightly rough, 12-14 × 6.</p> + +<p><i>I. perlata</i> differs in darker p. and smooth sp.</p> + +<p><b>phaeocephala</b>, Bull. P. 3-5 cm. conico-campan. umb. wavy, +squamulose, bay then sooty; g. free, arcuate, umber; s. 5-7 cm. +solid, somewhat bulbous; colour of p. above, below white and downy; +sp. 6 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>jurana</b>, Pat. P. umb. cracked and torn, fibrillose, rather +squamulose towards the edge, reddish violet, disc deep violet; +g. broad, ochraceous; s. tall, fibrous, apex pruinose, violet downwards; +sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>fastigiata</b>, Schaeff. P. 3-5 cm. thin, conico-campan. longitudinally +fibrous and cracked, edge often lobed, yellow brown; g. free, +fuscous-olive; s. 6-9 cm. solid, stout, rather twisted, silky-fibrous; +sp. rough, 8-10 × 6-8.</p> + +<p><i>I. pyriodora</i> differs in smell and reddish flesh.</p> + +<p>[<b>praetervisa</b>, Q. P. campan. fibrillosely virgate, fawn; g. milk-white +then fawn; s. pubescent, pale straw-colour; sp. warted, +10-11 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>Godeyi</b>, Gillet. Smell strong, unpleasant. P. campan. edge +slightly incurved, scaly and fibrillosely rimose, dingy yellow then +tinged reddish-ochre as is every part of fungus more or less; g. free, +pale olive; s. rather floccose at apex, colour of p. flesh white, tinging +red; sp. 6-8 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>[<b>Cookei</b>, Bres. P. conico-campan. exp. umb. edge becoming upturned +and split, fibrillose and silkily rimose, centre glabrous, straw-colour +then lurid yellowish; g. crowded, attenuato-adnexed, greyish +white then yellowish cinnamon; s. colour of p. silky fibrillose, base +marginately subbulbous, apex naked; sp. 8-10 × 5.</p> + +<p>Allied to <i>I. fastigiata</i>.</p> + +<p><b>hiulca</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. conico-exp. umb. fibrillose, cracked into +scales, fuscous or olive; g. broad, becoming olive; s. 4-7 cm. rigid, +silky fibrillose, apex and flesh pinkish white, with white meal; sp. +8-10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>Curreyi</b>, Berk. P. 3-5 cm. convex then exp. longitudinally +fibrillose, squamulose at disc rather cracked, pale yellow brown; +g. yellowish then tinged olive; s. 4-7 cm. rather fibrillose, colour of +p. solid, flesh dingy; sp. 11 × 6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>I. pyriodora</i> in absence of smell, and from <i>I. fastigiata</i> +in smooth sp.</p> + +<p><b>perlata</b>, Cke. P. 6-9 cm. convex then exp. broadly umb. longitudinally +fibrous with darker fibrils, fuscous, edge paler, incurved, +disc very dark; g. adnexed, pale umber; s. 6-9 cm. sometimes +twisted, striate, pallid; sp. 8-9 × 6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>I. schista</i> in umber gills.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_153" id="Page_153">[Pg 153]</a></span></p><p>[<b>maculata</b>, Boud. P. campan. then exp. umb. silky-fibrillose, +cracked, dingy fawn-colour, and with concentric white adpr. scales; +g. almost free, fawn with olive tinge; s. fibrillose, paler than p. apex +scurfy; 10-13 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>I. rimosa</i> in the white scales on p.</p> + +<p><b>rimosa</b>, Bull. P. 3-5 cm. campan. silky-fibrous, longitudinally +cracked when exp. yellow brown; g. free; s. 4-7 cm. solid, firm, +almost glabrous; sp. smooth, 10-11 × 6.</p> + +<p><i>I. eutheles</i> differs in being umbonate, and <i>I. pyriodora</i> in strong +smell.</p> + +<p>[<b>albipes</b>, Gill. P. exp. plane, mammilate, fibrillosely rivulose, +edge wavy, dingy yellow disc darker; g. free, crowded; s. entirely +white, squamulose; sp. rough.</p> + +<p><b>asterospora</b>, Q. P. 3-5 cm. campan. subumb. silkily fibrous, +longitudinally cracked when dry, yellow brown, or umber; g. almost +free; s. 4-7 cm. slightly submarginately subbulbous, solid, pallid or +pinkish tinge; sp. subgl. warted, 10-11. (7-10 × 5-8 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>I. rimosa</i> in spores.</p> + +<p>[<b>proximella</b>, Karst. P. exp. umb. rimose and torn into fibres, +pallid, umb. darker; g. adnate, crowded, ventricose; s. subfibrillose, +pallid, flesh white, no trace of bulb; sp. warted, 8-9 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>Ino. asterospora</i> in absence of bulb, curved fibrillose +stem, etc.</p> + +<p>[<b>umbrina</b>, Bres. P. campan.-convex, plane, umb. chestnut brown, +rather viscid, woolly-fibrillose at length rimose, disc sometimes slightly +warted; g. crowded, lurid citrin then reddish cinnamon, edge darker; +s. fibrillose, colour of p. subbulbous; sp. substellate, 7-8 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>Close to <i>I. asterospora</i>, Q.</p> + +<p><b>eutheles</b>, B. and Br. P. 3-5 cm. campan. exp. strongly umb. +undulate, shining, silky, squamulose, fawn; g. broadly adnate, +pallid, edge whitish, toothed; s. 4-7 cm. equal, striate, pallid; +sp. 10-11 × 5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>I. fastigiata</i> in adnate gills, and from <i>I. curreyi</i> +in strong umbo and adnate g.</p> + +<p><b>margaritispora</b>, Berk. P. 3-5 cm. campan. then exp. wavy, +broadly umb. silky, with adpressed fibrillose scales, fawn; g. adnexed, +pallid; s. 6-9 cm. equal, fibrillose, pallid; sp. warted, 8.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>I. eutheles</i> in globose, warted s., and from <i>I. asterospora</i> +in squamulose p.</p> + +<p><b>destricta</b>, Fr. P. 3-6 cm. campan.-exp. umb. cracked, fibrillose, +then torn into scales, pallid then rufescent; g. uncinato-adnate; +s. 4-5 cm. solid, glabrous, fibrillose, striate, reddish-white; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>I. rimosa</i> by adnexed g. and reddish s. <i>I. asterospora</i> +differs in warted globose sp.</p> + +<p><b>perbrevis</b>, Weinm. P. 2-3 cm. convex, obtusely umb. fibrously +scaly, edge rather striate at length splitting, fuscous then yellowish +rufous; g. uncinato-adnexed; s. 2-2.5 cm. pallid, white-fibrillose, +base rather narrowed; sp. 10-12 × 5.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_154" id="Page_154">[Pg 154]</a></span></p><p>[<b>putilla</b>, Bres. P. conico-campan. then exp. umb. silky-fibrillose, +surface at length cracked and torn, tan or greyish-brown, or fuscous +then pale, edge persistently lurid whitish; g. sinuato-adnate, white +then tan, edge crenulate; s. very faintly tinged rose, white-fibrillose +then glabrous, apex white-scurfy, base rather narrowed; sp. angular, +8-10 × 6-7.</p> + +<p><b>descissa</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. conico-campan. fibrillose, splitting +open, whitish fuscescent; g. almost free, crowded, whitish then +fuscescent; s. 3-4 cm. partly hollow, equal, undulate, fibrillose, apex +white-pulverulent; sp. 8 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>Resembling <i>I. geophylla</i> but slenderer; s. white outside and +inside.</p> + +<p>var. <i>auricoma</i>, Batsch. Smaller. P. yellowish, edge striate; +g. adfixed, ventricose white then fuscous.</p> + +<p>[<b>grammata</b>, Q. P. campan. fibrous-striate, whitish then fawn; +g. tawny; s. striate, tomentose, shining white then rosy; sp. rough, 10.</p> + +<p>[<b>brunnea</b>, Q. P. umb. fibrillosely silky, chestnut; s. fibrilloso-striate, +fuscous, apex white, pruinose; sp. 12 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>grata</b>, Weinm. P. conico-campan. fibrillose, umbonate, cracked +when exp. whitish- or yellowish-rufescent, scaly disc darker; g. +crowded, olive then pallid fuscescent; s. shining, fibrillose, wavy, +whitish rufescent.</p> + +<p><b>Trinii</b>, Weinm. Smell like clove-pinks. P. 1-2 cm. hemispher. +obtuse, longitudinally rufescent-fibrillose, whitish-rufescent, tawny +when dry; g. rounded, ventricose, cinnamon, edge white-floccose; +s. 2-4 cm. equal, slender, loosely rufous-fibrillose, powdered with +white; sp. rough, 9-10.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">D. <span class="smcap">Velutini</span>. <i>Pileus not rimose, cuticle of interwoven +fibrils, almost smooth, or adpressedly scaly, disc even; +stem polished, glabrous, whitish, apex mealy.</i></div> + +<p><b>sambucina</b>, Fr. White, smell strong. P. 4-7 cm. firm, convex, +exp. obtuse, silky fibrillose, even, sometimes tinged yellow; g. +crowded, whitish; s. 3-4 cm. stout, solid, glabrous, striate, white; +sp. 11-12 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>caesariata</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-3 cm. convex exp. gibbous, somewhat +tawny, ochraceous-fibrillose or subsquamulose; g. entire, pale ochre; +s. 3-6 cm. solid, equal, fibrillose, pale ochre; sp. 8 × 4. (10-12 × 5 +Sacc.)</p> + +<p>[<b>delecta</b>, Karst. (= <i>I. caesariata</i>, var. <i>fibrillosa</i>, Fr.). P. exp. +even, fibrillosely scaly, dingy tawny- or rufous-honeycolour, paler +when dry; g. at length fuscous, edge paler and floccoso-crenate; +s. solid, dingy yellow or pallid, white-fibrillose; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>subgranulosa</b>, Karst. P. convex then exp. or slightly depr. +obsoletely umb. even, pale ochre, disc more especially with minute +erect dark squamules; g. adnate, greenish- then brownish-cinnamon; +s. hollow, curved or wavy, paler than p.; sp. 7-9 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_155" id="Page_155">[Pg 155]</a></span></p><p><b>lucifuga</b>, Fr. Smell strong. P. 2-3 cm. convex-plane, subumb. +adpressedly fibrilloso-squamulose, fuscous or olive then pale; g. +yellowish white then olive; s. 3 cm. solid, firm, equal, glabrous, apex +rather pruinose; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>decipiens</b>, Bres. P. exp. umb. floccosely silky, disc smooth then +broken up into scales, cinnamon ochre; g. greyish white then lurid +cinnamon; s. glabrous, apex slightly pruinose, rather striate, pallid; +sp. rough, 11-14 × 6-8.</p> + +<p>[<b>tomentella</b>, Fr. P. convex, obtuse, fibrillosely tomentose, +brownish; g. subadnate; s. solid, equal, white, apex pruinose, with +a cortinate median annular zone, otherwise glabrous.</p> + +<p><b>sindonia</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. thin, conico-convex, obtusely gibbous, +velvety-villose, dingy white or yellowish, edge appendiculate; g. +lanceolate, whitish then fuscous; s. 4-7 cm. with a separate pith +which disappears, then hollow, almost glabrous; sp. 7 × 4. (10 × 5 +Sacc.)</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>I. geophylla</i> in larger size and hollow s.</p> + +<p>[<b>cortinata</b>, Roll. P. campan. then exp. strongly umb. whitish +straw-colour, umb. darker, becoming rimose, white veil at margin; +g. adnato-decur. dingy ochre, edge flocculose, paler; s. white, fibrilloso-striate, +curved, ring median.</p> + +<p>Perhaps a cortinate form of <i>I. sindonia</i>.</p> + +<p><b>Clarkii</b>, B. and Br. P. 2-3 cm. campan. obtuse, whitish, silky; +g. adnexed, pallid, edge white; s. 3-5 cm. nearly equal, solid, white; +sp. 8-10 × 6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>I. sindonia</i> in solid s. and pale g.</p> + +<p><b>geophylla</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. conical then exp. umb. even, silky-fibrillose, +white or lilac; g. adnexed, crowded, dingy white then +umber; s. 4-6 cm. equal, firm, apex with white meal, veil fibrillose; +sp. 7-8 × 4.</p> + +<p><i>I. scabella</i> differs in brownish squamulose p.</p> + +<p>var. <i>fulva</i>, Pat. P. rufous-ochre, edge paler; sp. 8-10 × 5.</p> + +<p>var. <i>violacea</i>, Pat. P. violet; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>commixta</b>, Bres. P. conico-campan. exp. umb. shining white +or tinged grey; fibrillosely silky, edge often split, dry; g. closely +crowded, free, white then greyish cinnamon; s. solid, white, equal, +apex scurfy, base minutely turbinately bulbous; sp. angular, 10 × 7.</p> + +<p>Closely resembling <i>I. geophylla</i>, differing in base of s. and +angular sp.</p> + +<p>[<b>umbratica</b>, Q. Shining white. P. umb. silky-pruinose; g. white +then rosy-fawn; s. flocculose; sp. rough, 8-10.</p> + +<p><b>scabella</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. campan. then plane, dry, torn into +squamulose fibrils, umbo obtuse, even, glabrous, rufescent or yellowish; +g. adnexed, dingy; s. 3-4 cm. glabrous, rufescent or pallid, apex +pruinose; sp. rough, 10 × 7.</p> + +<p>[<b>debilipes</b>, Karst. P. conico-convex, exp. pallid fuscous then +rather rusty, everywhere torn into scales which become stuck down, +then rimose; g. adnexed, crowded, pallid rusty, edge fuscous-crenulate; +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_156" id="Page_156">[Pg 156]</a></span>s. wavy, pallid, spotted with minute fuscescent squamules; +sp. 7-9 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>confusa</b>, Karst. P. exp. umb. glabrous, cuticle cracked, fibrillose, +rusty, tawny yellow or bay; g. crowded, yellowish then olive; +s. solid, firm, nearly glabrous, pale; sp. 10-12 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>inconcina</b>, Karst. P. exp. obtuse, even, glabrous, innately +fibrillose, rusty then pale; g. sinuato-adnate, crowded, pale olive +then rusty, edge paler and floccosely crenulate; s. equal, wavy, pallid, +apex white-pruinose; sp. 8-13 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>curvipes</b>, Karst. P. exp. obtuse, adpressedly fibrillose or +squamulose, brownish; g. adnexed, crowded; s. curved, wavy or +twisted, narrowed below, fibrillose, pallid; sp. rough, 9-15 × 5-7.</p> + +<p>[<b>conformata</b>, Karst. P. exp. umb. slightly adpressedly floccosely +squamulose, rusty or brownish then pale; g. adnexed, ventricose, +pallid then brownish; s. equal, rather wavy, minutely fibrillosely +flocculose; sp. 8-10 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>pusio</b>, Karst. P. exp. umb. fibroso-rimose, pallid fuscous; g. +adnexed with decur. tooth, tan; s. apex pruinose and at first violet, +usually wavy; sp. 8-10 × 4-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>flavella</b>, Karst. P. acutely conical then exp. acutely umb. +innately fibrillosely rimose, glabrous, yellowish, rather shining; g. +crowded, yellowish then olive, edge paler, floccosely crenulate; s. +solid, equal, wavy, apex white-flocculose, yellowish white; sp. +12-14 × 4-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>fulvella</b>, Bres. P. conico-campan. exp. umb. silky-flocculose, +centre glabrous, olivaceous honey-colour then brownish olive, umbo +darker; g. lilac then tan, edge fimbriate; s. lilac then rufescent, +glabrous, wavy.</p> + +<p><b>subrimosa</b>, Mass. (<i>Clypeus subrimosus</i>, Karst.). P. 2-3 cm. +conico-campan. umbo prominent, edge often wavy, even, glabrous, +then longitudinally fibrillose and cracked, bay or rusty ochre; g. +dingy tan; s. 4-5 cm. solid, equal, polished, with a minute marginate +bulb, white, mealy; sp. 10-12, spiny.</p> + +<p><b>mamillaris</b>, Pass. P. convex, mammillate, squamulose; g. emarginato-adnexed; +s. hollow, equal, flexuous; sp. smooth.</p> + +<p><b>Renneyi</b>, B. and Br. P. 1-2 cm. hemispher. slightly fibrillose, +disc brown, rest fawn; g. rounded behind, dingy ochre; s. 3-4 cm. +slightly narrowed downwards, fibrillose, solid, paler than p.; sp. rough, +12 × 7-8.</p> + +<p>var. <i>major</i>, B. and Br. Colour of type, but larger; g. broadly +adnate.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">E. <span class="smcap">Viscidi</span>. <i>Pileus almost smooth, viscid.</i></div> + +<p><b>trechispora</b>, Berk. P. convex then exp. umb. viscid, soon dry +and silky, umbo brownish rest whitish; g. pinkish grey; s. 3-4 cm. +equal; often rather wavy, whitish, mealy; sp. 7 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>I. geophylla</i> in dark umbo and rough sp.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_157" id="Page_157">[Pg 157]</a></span></p><p>[<b>viscosissima</b>, Fr. (= <i>I. umbonata, Q.</i>) P. convex acutely +umb. umber-brown, dripping with gluten then silky; g. rounded and +free, ventricose, rufescent; s. equal, glabrous, pallid; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Allied to <i>I. trechispora</i>, differing in being very glutinous and in +rounded free gills.</p> + +<p>[<b>imbecilis</b>, Pass. P. glabrous, rather viscid, white then clay-colour; +g. whitish then rusty-rose; s. solid, long, cylindrical, watery, +with white meal above.</p> + +<p><b>vatricosa</b>, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. convex then plane, subumb. glabrous, +viscid, silky at margin, whitish; g. white then fuscescent; s. 2-3 cm. +fistulose, contorted, pulverulent; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Habit of <i>I. geophylla</i> but smaller and viscid at first.</p> + +<p><b>Whitei</b>, B. and Br. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. convex, tawny, edge whitish, +at length exp. and all tawny, fibrillose, rather viscid; g. white then +pallid; s. 2-3 cm. slightly thickened at base, white then brownish; +sp. 9 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>tricholoma</b>, A. and S. Whitish. P. 2-4 cm. plano-depr. rather +viscid, with adpr. white fibrils, edge strigosely fringed; g. decur.; +s. 3-4 cm. slender, squamulose above; sp. rough, 4.</p> + +<p><b>strigiceps</b>, Fr. P. convex-obtuse then exp. strigosely silky with +long fibrils, rufescent, edge at first involute, strigosely ciliate; g. +adnato-decur.; s. stuffed, downy, white.</p> + +<p>var. <i>eriocephala</i>, Fr. P. yellowish-white, silky, with appendiculate +white down at edge; g. adnate; s. fistulose, becoming compressed.</p> +</li></ol> + +<h3>HEBELOMA, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">A. <span class="smcap">Indusiati</span>. <i>Veil evidently cortinate, hence the pileus +is often superficially silky near the margin.</i></div> + +<p><b>mussivum</b>, Fr. P. 5-10 cm. convex exp. obtuse, viscid, at length +squamulose, yellow disc often brownish; g. emarginate, yellowish; +s. 8-12 cm. solid, equal, entirely fibrillose, yellowish, apex rather +pruinose; sp. 12 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>sinuosum</b>, Fr. P. 7-14 cm. exp. wavy, viscid, even, almost +glabrous, yellowish or pale brick-red then pale; g. emarginato-free, +broad, pallid then rusty; s. 8-13 cm. hollow, stout, fibrous, soft, white +floccosely-scaly above; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>fastibile</b>, Fr. Smell unpleasant. P. 4-7 cm. compact, exp. +wavy, viscid, glabrous, pale yellowish tan; g. emarginate, rather +distant, pallid then cinnamon, lacrymose; s. 4-7 cm. subbulbous, +white, fibrously scaly, veil evident; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>alba</i>, Fr. S. longer, equal, partly hollow, apex fibrously +scaly; g. distant.</p> + +<p>var. <i>elegans</i>, Lindgr. Edge of p. sulcate or rugoso-plicate. Form +B. Pileus purple-brown.</p> + +<p><b>senescens</b>, Batsch. P. 4-9 cm. exp. rather viscid, ochre or +flesh-colour with tinge of rust, rusty yellow when old, edge crisped, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_158" id="Page_158">[Pg 158]</a></span>hoary; g. dusky rust colour; s. 6-9 cm. thinner and whitish upwards, +scaly and darker below; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>glutinosum</b>, Lindg. P. 4-7 cm. exp. glutinous, with white +superficial scales, yellowish white, discoid; g. crowded, yellowish +then cinnamon; s. 6-7 cm. subbulbous, whitish squamulose, apex +mealy; sp. 10-12 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>testaceum</b>, Batsch. Smells like radishes. P. 3-5 cm. campan.-convex, +even, rather viscid, brick-red then pale, rather opaque; g. +nearly free, crowded, rusty; s. 6-7 cm. hollow, subbulbous, floccosely +fibrillose, pallid, apex mealy; sp. 10 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>rubrum</b>, Otth. P. campan. then conico-exp. splitting into +shreds, clear red, yellowish when dry; flesh reddish; g. free; s. equal, +fibrous, often slightly bulbous, colour of p.</p> + +<p><b>firmum</b>, Pers. P. 4-7 cm. campan. exp. umb. viscid, brick-red, +discoid; g. dry, edge white toothed; s. 4-7 cm. solid, pallid, everywhere +floccosely scaly; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>mitratum</b>, Fr. P. campan.-gibbous, viscid, often cracked, yellowish +brick-red, umbo prominent, stout, fuscous then pale, g. crowded, +sinuato-adnate; s. solid or becoming hollow, equal, yellowish-white, +fibrous, dusky yellow from veil.</p> + +<p><b>claviceps</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. convex, exp. disc gibbous, even, +naked, pallid; g. dry, pallid; s. 4-7 cm. equal, everywhere white +mealy, fuscous downwards; sp. 10-11 × 5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>H. firmum</i> in dark base of s. and paler g.</p> + +<p>[<b>fusipes</b>, Bres. Smell like spirit of wine. P. convex-gibbous, +edge broadly incurved, viscid, glabrous, tinged tan; g. broad, edge +white-fimbriate; s. pallid, base fusiformly rooting; sp. 12-15 × 9-10.</p> + +<p>[<b>birrum</b>, Fr. P. exp. discoid, disc rugulose, pale tan, with superficial +white squamules near edge; g. rounded then truncate and free; +s. solid, fusiformly rooting, rather woolly with white imbricated +squamules.</p> + +<p><b>punctatum</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. exp. silky then almost glabrous, +the darker disc punctate with viscid warts, tan, paler when dry; g. +narrow, crowded, pallid then rusty bay; s. 5-9 cm. hollow, equal, +apex white pruinose; sp. 7-11 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>versipelle</b>, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. viscid with tough gluten, discoid, at +length wavy, crust-colour, adglutinated and silky at edge, then +glabrous; g. crowded, broad, reddish white then tan; s. 4-7 cm. +silky-white, apex pruinose; sp. 12 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>subtortum</b>, Karst. P. convex then plane, obtuse, even, glabrous, +irreg. at first, silky near edge from veil, viscid, pale brick-red or +pallid, disc darker; g. adnato-subdecur. crowded, edge crenate; s. +hollow, usually twisted, whitish, apex mealy; sp. 7-9 × 4-6.</p> + +<p><b>mesophaeum</b>, Fr. P. 3-4 cm. conico-convex then plane, even, +viscid, almost naked, gilvous, disc bay; g. emarginate, crowded, thin; +s. 4-7 cm. tough, equal, slender, fibrillose, whitish then rusty, apex +pruinose; sp. 7-8 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>Disc of p. sometimes umber.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_159" id="Page_159">[Pg 159]</a></span></p><p>var. <i>holophaeum</i>, Fr. P. umb. everywhere dusky fuscous; s. +fuscescent, subannulate.</p> + +<p><b>strophosum</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. expanded, subumbonate, viscid, +disc bay, edge white with veil; g. crowded; s. 3-5 cm. hollow, silky, +whitish, ring near the apex distinct but imperfect; sp. 8-9 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>elatellum</b>, Sacc. (= <i>Roumeguerites elatellus</i>, Karst.) P. hemisph. +even, glabrous, naked, pale fuscescent, sometimes spotted, yellowish +livid when dry; g. adnate, much crowded, narrow, pale tan; s. tall, +equal, naked, whitish, ring, inf. entire, persistent, membranous, tinged +fuscous; sp. 7-9 × 4-6.</p> + +<p><b>subcollariatum</b>, B. and Br. P. 2-3 cm. convex, exp. rather +glutinous, pale ochre-tan, centre darker; g. broadly adnate, soon +separating from s. and attached to a collar, pale tan, edge whitish; +s. 4-5 cm. flexuous, pale, brownish below, pulverulent; sp. 12-13 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>violascens</b>, Otth. P. convex, umb. dry, silky shining, bright +violet, disc adpressedly squamulose and brownish; g. reddish violet +then brownish; s. pale violet then rufous-fibrillose, base slightly +bulbous, yellowish.</p> + +<p>[<b>deflectens</b>, Karst. P. exp. depr. rugulose, dry, scurfy-squamulose, +bright yellow-tan; g. crowded, lanceolate; s. equal, fistulose, tough, +rooting, paler than p. everywhere white-scurfy; sp. 7-9 × 5-6.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">B. <span class="smcap">Denudati</span>. <i>Pileus glabrous, veil absent from +the first.</i></div> + +<p><b>sinapizans</b>, Fr. Smell like radishes. P. 7-12 cm. compact, +exp. rather wavy, even, glabrous, rather viscid, pale tan; g. deeply +emarginate, broad, dry, crowded, entire; s. 6-10 cm. stout, equal, +fibrillose, white, apex white-scaly; sp. 12 × 7.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>H. sinuosum</i> in strong smell and absence of veil.</p> + +<p><b>crustuliniforme</b>, Bull. P. 5-10 cm. convex then exp. glabrous, +rather viscid, often rather wavy, yellowish-red, disc darker then pale; +g. sinuate, thin, narrow, whitish then brown, edge crenulate and +with beads of moisture; s. 4-7 cm. solid, firm, subbulbous, whitish, +with minute white recurved flecks; sp. 11-12 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>Syrjense</b>, Karst. P. convex, exp. obtuse, dry, even, glabrous, +brick-red; g. adnexed, crowded, pallid, edge crenulate; s. equal, +wavy, twisted, white, white-flocculoso-pulverulent above, at length +entirely umber; sp. 10-11 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>Subcaespitose; stems cohering at base.</p> + +<p><b>hiemale</b>, Bres. (= <i>H. crustuliniforme</i>, var. <i>minor</i>, Cke.) P. +exp.-gibbous or depr. viscid, glabrous, edge incurved and white +flocculose at first, pallid tan, centre reddish tan; g. crowded, sinuate +and almost free, edge white-floccose; s. whitish, apex with white +scurf; sp. 12-13 × 6-7.</p> + +<p>Near to <i>H. crustuliniforme</i>, but smaller and smell obsolete.</p> + +<p>[<b>subsaponaceum</b>, Karst. Smell strong, soapy. P. exp. obtuse, +even, naked, dry, gilvous then pallid, darker when dry; g. adnate, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_160" id="Page_160">[Pg 160]</a></span>dry; s. elongated, equal, rather wavy, adpressedly fibrillose, apex +rather mealy, pale, umber below when touched; sp. 6-10 × 4-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>Stocseki</b>, Schulz. P. convex, even, whitish then yellow, centre +tawny; g. adnexed, narrow, both ends narrowed, rufescent; s. +cylindrical, thickened below, whitish, often striately-twisted; sp. +10 × 4-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>Quéletii</b>, Schulz. P. umbonato-campan. then convex, white +then ochre, sometimes rufous-brown, very even, subviscid in rainy +weather, pellicle separable; g. subsinuato-adnexed, rounded in front, +whitish then pale cinnamon; s. cylindrical, often curved at base, +white base tinged brown; sp. 10-12 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>involuta</b>, Lamb. (= <i>Paxillus nitens</i>, Lamb.) P. convex, glutinous +when moist, shining as if varnished when dry, yellow brown, +paler at edge which remains for a long time incurved; flesh yellowish, +glabrous; g. free, cut out behind, narrow, crowded, brownish olive at +last; s. reddish yellow above, darker below.</p> + +<p><b>elatum</b>, Batsch. Smell strong of radishes. P. 6-10 cm. convex, +umb. glabrous, viscid, pinkish ochre whitish towards the edge; g. +uncinate, wavy, crowded, dry, pale flesh-colour then bistre; s. 8-10 cm. +soft, cylindrical, twisted, white then bistre, apex mealy, fibrillose or +downy; sp. 13-15 × 7.</p> + +<p><b>longicaudum</b>, Pers. P. 3-6 cm. exp. even, subumb. glabrous, +viscid, rather wavy, tan then whitish; g. crowded, dry, serrulate; +s. 8-11 cm. partly hollow, fragile, fibrillose, subequal, white, apex +with white meal; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p>var. <i>radicatum</i>, Cke. S. fusiform, rooting.</p> + +<p><b>lugens</b>, Jungh. Smell strong. P. 4-7 cm. exp. glabrous, rather +viscid, brown then yellowish; g. pale rusty, edge crenulate, darker; +s. 4-7 cm. shining, fibrillosely striate, subbulbous, apex white-mealy; +sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>truncatum</b>, Schaeff. P. 4-7 cm. exp. undulately wavy, almost +dry, somewhat rufous, edge paler; g. crowded, dry; s. 1.5-2 cm. +solid, stout, equal, everywhere slightly pruinose, white; sp. 12-13 +× 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>mentiens</b>, Karst. P. convexo-plane, edge angularly bent down, +even, glabrous, dry, yellowish-tan, tinged tawny when dry; g. subadnate, +broad, thin, white, yellowish when dry; s. hollow, fibrous, +flexuous, glabrous, white, apex thickened and rather pruinose; sp. +6-7 × 3-4.</p> + +<p><b>nudipes</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. exp. even, almost glabrous, slightly +viscid, tan then pale, edge thin; g. crowded, dry; s. 4-6 cm. solid, +equal, pelliculose, glabrous, naked, shining white, base fibrillose; sp. +12 × 6. (8-10 × 4-5 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>[<b>sacchariolens</b>, Q. Smell strong, like burnt sugar. P. campan. +then convex, 2-3 cm. thin, glabrous, viscid, whitish with the centre +buff; g. sinuate, crinkled, whitish then buff bordered with white; +s. slender, subfistulose, slightly striate, silky, pruinose at the summit, +white, streaked with fawn fibrils below; sp. 12 long.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_161" id="Page_161">[Pg 161]</a></span></p><p>[<b>circinans</b>, Karst. P. campan.-convex, lubricous, smoky-ochre, +edge revolute downy and whitish; g. sinuate, crowded, reddish, edge +white, crenulate; s. slender, whitish, subbulbous, with reflexed +circinate fibrils; sp. 11-12 long.</p> + +<p><b>nauseosum</b>, Cke. Smell nauseous. P. 3-4 cm. convex then +exp. gibbous, viscid, whitish ochre; g. very broad; s. 3-5 cm. +whitish, mealy above; sp. 20 × 10.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>H. crustuliniforme</i> in glabrous s.</p> + +<p><b>capnicocephalum</b>, Bull. P. 3-5 cm. exp. even, glabrous, gilvous, +disc darker, edge becoming blackish; g. broad, rusty; s. 3-4 cm. +narrowed downwards, fibrillosely-striate, pale rufescent; sp. 9 × 5. +(12-14 × 7-8, Sacc.)</p> + +<p><b>ischnostylum</b>, Cke. P. 3-5 cm. exp. broadly umb. rather +viscid, white or a little pallid at disc; g. edge serrulate; s. 4-5 cm. +smooth, naked, whitish; sp. 12 × 7.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>H. nudipes</i> in whitish p.</p> + +<p>[<b>diffractum</b>, Fr. P. convex, obtuse, glabrous, nearly dry, at +length broken up into scales, tan; g. broad; s. hollow, white, +narrowed below, whitish floccosely scaly above; sp. 10-12 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>subzonatum</b>, Weinm. P. campanulato-exp. viscid, with darker +innately scaly zones, whitish; g. crowded, narrow; s. equal, rather +bulbous, fibrillose, apex pruinose.</p> + +<p>[<b>spoliatum</b>, Fr. P. exp. obtuse, viscid, even, glabrous, reddish +tan; g. broad, crowded; s. equal, rooting, tough, glabrous, apex +pruinose; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>tortuosum</b>, Karst. P. convex, exp. gibbous, even, rufous-tan +then pale, glabrous; g. pallid then honey-colour; s. narrowed below, +hollow, contorted, pallid, apex with white floccose scales; sp. +6-9 × 4-5.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">C. <span class="smcap">Pusilli</span>. <i>Pileus scarcely an inch broad.</i></div> + +<p><b>magnimamma</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. exp. umbo strongly mammiform, +naked, brick-red then pale; g. obtusely adnate, crowded; s. 2-3 cm. +equal, glabrous, gilvous then pallid; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>sterile</b>, Jungh. P. campan.-exp. glabrous, even, dry, violet; g. +free, narrow, rusty; s. solid, equal, glabrous, violet, apex floccosely +pruinose.</p> + +<p>[<b>odini</b>, Fr. P. exp. obtuse, naked, bay, edge tawny; g. slightly +sinuate, yellow then tawny; s. fibrillose, tawny bay.</p> + +<p><b>petiginosum</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. conico-convex then exp. yellowish, +gibbous disc fuscous, margin silkily hoary; g. free, yellow then olive +bay; s. 3 cm. rufescent, pulverulent; sp. 10 × 5.</p> +</li></ol> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_162" id="Page_162">[Pg 162]</a></span></p><h3>NAUCORIA, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">A. <span class="smcap">Gymnoti</span>. <i>Pileus glabrous. Veil absent. Spores +rusty, not dingy rusty brown.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Gills free or slightly adnexed.</i></div> + +<p><b>lugubris</b>, Fr. P. 3-7 cm. campan.-exp. wavy, often viscid, even, +pallid becoming rusty, opaque; g. free, very broad, crowded; s. +6-9 cm. glabrous, fusiformly rooting, pallid; sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p>A form in pine woods has p. bullate, disc bay; s. short.</p> + +<p><b>festiva</b>, Fr. P. 2.3 cm. convex, subgibbous, even, glutinous, +usually olive-brown, isabelline when dry; s. free, crowded, ventricose, +rusty; s. 5-7 cm. hollow, fusiformly rooting, colour various, violet, +rufous, &c.; sp. 12 × 6. (8 × 4 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>Every part variable in colour.</p> + +<p>[<b>christinae</b>, Fr. P. conico-acute, rather wavy, viscid, fiery cinnamon +when moist, tawny and shining when dry, then pale; g. free, +pallid then fiery saffron; s. cylindric, glabrous, rooting, dull blood-red; +sp. 4-5 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>[<b>medullosa</b>, Bres. Smell weak, like radishes. P. conico-campan. +exp. subumb. viscid, glabrous, tawny then paler; g. crowded, almost +free, edge white-pruinose; s. tinged fuscous, apex pale, pruinose, base +thickened and white-downy, pith white, separable; sp. 7-9 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>hilaris</b>, Fr. P. thin, even, rather viscid, tawny orange, shining; +g. yellowish rusty; s. hollow, shining yellow.</p> + +<p>[<b>subglobosa</b>, A. and S. P. hemisph. even, rather viscid, yellowish; +g. nearly free, very broad, rhomboid; s. stuffed, thin, short, striate; +sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>hamadryas</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. convex, exp. gibbous, even, rusty +bay, yellowish red when dry and old; g. attenuato-adnexed, rusty; s. +5-7 cm. hollow, equal, glabrous, pallid; sp. 13-14 × 7.</p> + +<p>[<b>nimbosa</b>, Post. P. convex exp. umb. pruinosely velvety, rufous +brown; g. broad, rusty, edge fimbriate; s. everywhere pruinosely +velvety, fuscous below, pale above; sp. 10-11 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>cidaris</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. conical then campan. even, cinnamon +tan, paler when dry, edge wavy, striate; g. ventricose, honey-colour; +s. 2.5-3 cm. fusiform, blackish brown; sp. 10 long.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>M. cucumis</i> in absence of smell.</p> + +<p>[<b>Jennyae</b>, Karst. P. conical, exp. subumb. acute, even, glabrous, +dry, orange-bay; g. crowded; s. cartilaginous, fibrous inside, tough, +fusiformly narrowed below, apex thickened, reddish bay; sp. 4-5 +× 3-4.</p> + +<p><b>cucumis</b>, Pers. Smell strong, like cucumber. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. +broadly campan. brownish bay when moist, edge paler; g. pallid then +saffron; s. 2-4 cm. blackish brown, apex thickened, hollow, pruinose; +sp. 9-10 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_163" id="Page_163">[Pg 163]</a></span></p><p><b>anguinea</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. campan. convex, gibbous, even, +yellowish tan, a silky zone near the edge; g. crowded, linear, rusty; +s. 5-7 cm. bay, densely coated with white fibrils; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>micans</b>, Fr. P. convex, gibbous, even, rather shining, yellow; +g. greenish yellow then rusty; s. rufo-fuscous, pruinate.</p> + +<p><b>centuncula</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. convexo-plane, lurid green then +yellowish, becoming pale; g. thick, broad, greyish yellow; s. 2.3 cm. +base with white down, apex white-pulverulent; sp. 8-10 × 6.</p> + +<p>Stem usually incurved, often excentric.</p> + +<p>[<b>laeta</b>, Lamb. Entirely clear yellow. P. convex, obtuse, glabrous; +g. free, crowded, narrow; s. slender, elongated, glabrous.</p> + +<p><b>horizontalis</b>, Bull. Watery cinnamon. P. 1-2 cm. exp. even; +g. broad; s. 1 cm. incurved, naked; sp. 12-13 × 7-8.</p> + +<p>[<b>rimulincola</b>, Rab. Cinnamon. P. hemisph. umbil. plicate, +rugulosely tomentose; g. thick, very broad, edge white, crenulate; s. +subexcentric, short, curved; sp. 12-15 × 7.</p> + +<p><b>semiflexa</b>, B. and Br. P. 1 cm. exp. chestnut, edge fringed with +white silky veil, hygr.; g. broad and distant; s. 1 cm. incurved, pale, +solid; sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>pygmaea</b>, Bull. P. exp. obtuse, edge striate, ochre-tan; g. ventricose, +rusty; s. fistulose, thin, wavy, glabrous, white.</p> + +<p><b>rubricata</b>, B. and Br. Gregarious. P. concave then exp. and +depr. 4-7 mm. whitish then tinged rufous or ochre; g. adnexed, +whitish then pinkish, finally brownish, rounded in front; s. slender, +incurved, base scurfy or downy; sp. ——.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills adnate, pileus convexo-plane.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>enchymosa</b>, Lund. P. exp. glabrous, disc minutely punctate, +olive when moist, tan when dry; g. tawny then rusty; s. pallid then +colour of p.</p> + +<p>[<b>hyperella</b>, Fr. P. convex then plane, umbonate, fuscescent, +hoary-rusty when dry; g. crowded, obscure rusty; s. filiform, silky +fibrillose, pallid.</p> + +<p><b>abstrusa</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. convex, obtuse, even, glabrous, viscid, +rusty tan; g. crowded; s. 2-3 cm. rigid, glabrous, rusty; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p><i>N. melinoides</i> differs in striate p.</p> + +<p>[<b>flacca</b>, Karst. P. conoid-campan. tan or yellowish-cinnamon; +g. adnate, soon free, colour of p.; s. cartilaginous, equal, paler than +p. umber below, white-fibrillose; sp. 9-11 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>innocua</b>, Lasch. P. 2-3 cm. convex, obtuse, almost glabrous, +striate, rufous then pale; g. yellowish ochre; s. 2-3 cm. white-fibrillose; +sp. 11 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>cerodes</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. convexo-plane, orbicular, even, hygr. +wax-colour then ochre; g. broad, ochre cinnamon; s. 3-5 cm. equal, +naked, yellow, base rusty; sp. 6 × 3. (12-16 × 6-8, Sacc.)</p> + +<p>[<b>solstitialis</b>, Karst. P. campan. exp. depr. umb. fragile, glabrous, +edge striate then torn, honey-colour then rusty cinnamon, rusty when +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_164" id="Page_164">[Pg 164]</a></span>dry; g. entire, cinnamon; s. equal, straight, pallid then greenish +umber; sp. 9-10 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>melinoides</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. convexo-plane, obtusely umb. +even, glabrous, tawny, ochre when dry; g. triquetrous-oblong, honey-colour, +toothed; s. 3-4 cm. hollow, thickish, with yellow meal above, +base white; sp. 10-12 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>pusiola</b>, Fr. P. 1 cm. hemispher. exp. obtuse, even, glabrous, +rather viscid, tawny yellow; g. broad; s. 2 cm. slender, glabrous, +yellow, shining; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>miserrima</b>, Karst. P. plane, umb. sulcate then splitting, whitish +when dry, glabrous; g. adfixed, distant, broad, ventricose, subochre; +s. equal, base and apex slightly thickened, fistulose, straight, naked, +whitish; sp. ——.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">*** <i>Gills adnate; pileus campan. then exp.</i></div> + +<p><b>nucea</b>, Bolt. P. globoso-campan. umbil. punctate, pale chestnut, +edge incurved, rather lobed; g. rather crisped, cinnamon; s. 5-7 cm. +silky fibrillose, white; sp. 10-11 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>scolecina</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. campan.-convex then plane, edge +slightly striate, rusty bay; g. white then rusty, edge flocculose; s. +5-7 cm. wavy, rusty rufous, white-mealy; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>amarescens</b>, Q. P. slightly rugulose, brown then tan; g. uncinato-ventricose, +whitish then tawny; s. striate, whitish saffron then umber; +sp. 10 long.</p> + +<p><b>sideroides</b>, Bull. P. 2-3 cm. campan. exp. umb. glabrous, viscid, +reddish-yellow, ochre and shining when dry; g. uncinately adfixed +with a decur. tooth, narrow, crowded; s. even, glabrous, apex white-mealy, +pallid, base brownish; sp. 8-10 × 4-6.</p> + +<p><b>glandiformis</b>, W. G. Sm. P. 2-3 cm. obtusely campan. then +nut-shaped, nut-brown, smooth, even; g. very broad, umber; s. +6-9 cm. equal, pallid; sp. 10-12 × 6-8.</p> + +<p>[<b>stictica</b>, Fr. P. convexo-plane, orbicular, even, rough with +minute superficial granules; hygr. brownish ochre then tan; g. +crowded, pale cinnamon; s. rusty brown.</p> + +<p>[<b>typhicola</b>, P. Henn. P. thin, fragile, campan.-exp. subumb. +flocculose then smooth, edge striate, hygr. fuscescent; g. unequal, +subdistant, ventricose, flesh-colour then tawny; s. hollow, slender, +mealy-squamulose then smooth, whitish, base bulbous, white tomentose; +sp. 8-11 × 5-7.</p> + +<p><b>badipes</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. campan.-convex subumb. glabrous, +pellucidly striate from umbo when moist, rusty yellow then pale, edge +almost straight; g. adnate, ventricose; s. 4-7 cm. rusty, with white +fibrillose squamules up to middle; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>hydrophila</b>, Mass. P. 1-3 cm. campan. then slightly exp. +acutely umb. glabrous, edge striate when moist, pale tan with tinge +of green; g. brownish, edge pale; s. 3-5 cm. equal, flexuous, hollow, +with red and green tints; sp. 13-14 × 6-7.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_165" id="Page_165">[Pg 165]</a></span></p><p><b>striaepes</b>, Cke. P. 2-4 cm. campan. then exp. more or less +gibbous, ochre; g. broad, tawny cinnamon; s. 4-7 cm. straight or +wavy, hollow, white, distinctly longitudinally striate; sp. 10 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>camerina</b>, Fr. P. campan.-convex, obtusely umb. glabrous, +moist, edge striate, ochraceous tan, paler when dry, disc darker; g. +crowded, yellowish cinnamon; s. wavy, adpressedly fibrillose, equal, +umber.</p> + +<p><b>triscopoda</b>, Fr. P. 1 cm. conical then hemispher. then convexo-plane, +umb. bay, ochre when dry; g. obscure rusty; s. 1-3 cm. +filiform, glabrous, rusty, base umber; sp. 6-8 × 3-4.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">B. <span class="smcap">Phaeoti</span>. <i>Pileus naked. Gills and spores +brownish-rusty.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <span class="smcap">Pediadei</span>. <i>Growing in fields and pastures.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>amoena</b>, Weinm. P. almost plane, even, rather viscid, dingy +yellow disc tinged rusty, then pale; g. adnate with decur. tooth, +rusty; s. fibrously stuffed, equal, fibrillose, shining white; sp. 8-9 +× 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>vervacti</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. convexo-plane, umb. even, glabrous, +viscid, shining when dry, yellow; g. adnate with decur. tooth, +crowded; s. 3-4 cm. stuffed then hollow, attenuated, glabrous, rigid, +not rooting, whitish; sp. 12-16 × 8-10.</p> + +<p><b>pediades</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. convexo-plane, obtuse or depr. dry, +at length minutely rivulose, yellowish ochre then tan; g. adnexed, +broad; s. 4-7 cm. with a pith, rather wavy and silky, yellowish, base +slightly bulbous; sp. 10-12 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>semiorbicularis</b>, Bull. P. 3-5 cm. hemispher. then exp. even, +glabrous, rather viscid, at length rivulose, tawny rusty then ochre; g. +adnate, very broad, crowded; s. 4-9 cm. pale rusty, shining, containing +a free tube inside; sp. 10 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>arvalis</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. convexo-plane, yellow brown, ochre +when dry; g. adnexed; s. 2-4 cm. fistulose, thin, pulverulent, +yellowish, with a long filiform root; sp. 9 × 5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>N. orbicularis</i> in long rooting s.</p> + +<p><b>tabacina</b>, D. C. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. bay brown, almost plane, very +obtuse, edge involute, hygr.; g. adnate, crowded, cinnamon bay; s. +3-4 cm. hollow, glabrous, cinnamon; sp. 8-9 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>tabacella</b>, Sacc. Entirely cinnamon-brown. P. convex, centre +squamulose; s. terete, toughish, fibrillose, base rather thickened; sp. +10-11 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>undulosa</b>, Jungh. P. convex, even, umbo fleshy, bay, shining; +g. adnate, ovate, distant; s. solid, firm, wavy, naked, colour of p.; sp. +6 × 4.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_166" id="Page_166">[Pg 166]</a></span></p> +</li><li><div class="key">** <span class="smcap">Scorpoidei</span>. <i>Growing in damp uncultivated +places or in woods.</i></div> + +<p><b>tenax</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. campan. exp. glabrous, rather viscid, +hygr. cinnamon then ochre; g. adnate, edge entire, whitish; s. 3-5 +cm. equal, yellowish fuscous, striate with adpr. fibrils, almost glabrous, +veil fugacious; sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>myosotis</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. convexo-plane, subumb. with a viscid +pellicle, olive or greenish brown then yellowish; g. adnato-decur. +edge serrate, white; s. 7-12 cm. slender, pallid, fibrilloso-scaly-cortinate; +sp. 11-12 × 6. (16-18 × 8-9 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>[<b>Tavastensis</b>, Karst. P. convex, exp. disc, often depr. near edge +with concentric large yellowish floccose scales, livid-yellow then dingy +tawny tan; g. adnate, crowded; s. straight, subequal, solid, fibrillosely +scaly, pallid then tinged fuscous, ring torn, yellowish; sp. 15-17 × 8-9.</p> + +<p>[<b>scorpioides</b>, Fr. P. conico-convex, exp. glabrous, scarcely viscid, +depr. round umbo, somewhat reddish tan then pale; g. adnate with +a decur. tooth, edge coloured like rest, entire; s. slender, wavy, dry, +pallid, white-fibrillose, apex pruinose; sp. 5-6 long.</p> + +<p><b>temulenta</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. campan. convex, glabrous, +subumb. hygr. edge slightly striate, rusty then ochre; g. adnate, +narrow in front, lurid then rusty umber; s. 4-5 cm. fistulose but +with a loose pith, thin, tough, polished, wavy, glabrous, apex +powdery; sp. 12 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>subtemulenta</b>, Lamb. P. campan. then convex, slightly umb. +striate, hygr. brown ochre when wet, tan when dry; g. crowded, +narrow, almost free, colour of p.; s. slender, colour of p. thickened +towards base and dark rusty.</p> + +<p><b>latissima</b>, Cke. P. 1.5-3 cm. subglobose, edge at first incurved, +deep chestnut brown; g. adnexed, very broad, tawny umber; s. +3-5 cm. narrowed downwards into a rooting base, dark brown +below, pale above; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>N. glandiformis</i> in tapering, rooting s.</p> + +<p>[<b>heliophila</b>, Fr. P. convex, umb. convex, dry, golden tawny, +shining; g. adnate, closely crowded, plane, pallid; s. not polished, +with scattered black points.</p> + +<p><b>reducta</b>, Fr. P. convexo-plane, hygr. striate to middle, membranaceous, +rather olive or brownish honey-colour; g. dingy yellow +then rusty; s. narrowed upwards, tough amber-brown, apex paler, +pruinose.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">C. <span class="smcap">Lepidoti</span>. (Naucoria typical.) <i>Pileus flocculose +or squamulose. Veil evident. Spores rusty.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Scales of pileus superficial, disappearing.</i></div> + +<p><b>porriginosa</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. convex, exp. obtuse, viscid, tawny +then pale, with scattered superficial saffron flecks; g. adnate, yellow-cinnamon; +s. 4-7 cm. equal, silky, pallid.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_167" id="Page_167">[Pg 167]</a></span></p><p>[<b>lapponica</b>, Laest. P. convex, umb. then plane, viscid, rufous +brown, discoid, with scattered yellow pilose scales; g. serrulate, white +then brown; s. elongated, cuticle separating.</p> + +<p><b>sobria</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. convexo-plane, rather viscid and silky, +yellowish, veil pruinose, fugacious; g. adnate, crowded, broad, saffron +then pallid, edge pale; s. 2-3 cm. fibrillose, base brownish, white-floccose; +sp. 14-16 × 10.</p> + +<p>var. <i>dispersa</i>, B. and Br. P. 0.5-1 cm. convex, ochre, punctulate, +edge scurfy; s. scurfy, ring append.; g. pallid, edge white.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Pileus innately squamulose.</i></div> + +<p><b>erinacea</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. dry, convex, subumbil. squamulose +with fascicles of hairs, rusty-umber; g. adnate, quite entire; s. +1-1.5 cm. incurved, hairy, colour of p.; sp. 9-15 × 6-7.</p> + +<p>Dry as in <i>Marasmius</i>. Differs from <i>N. siparia</i> in entire edge +of g. and stem squamulose throughout.</p> + +<p><b>siparia</b>, Weinm. P. 1-2 cm. plane, obtuse, woolly-scaly, reddish +rusty; g. broad, edge floccose; s. 1.5-2 cm. squamulose, apex glabrous; +sp. 8-10 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>conspersa</b>, Pers. P. 1-1.5 cm. fragile, convexo-plane, obtuse, +hygr. soon broken up into scurfy squamules, cinnamon bay then +ochre; g. adnate, crowded; s. 2-3 cm. fibrillose, apex scurfy-squamulose, +colour of p.; sp. 8-9 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>escharoides</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. conico-convex, exp. obtuse scurfy-squamulose, +whitish tan disc becoming darker; g. lax, ventricose; s. +2-3 cm. wavy, adpressedly fibrillose pale then darker; s. 14 × 7.</p> + +<p>[<b>suavis</b>, Bres. Smell pleasant, like ripe pears. P. campan. exp. +umb. brownish, centre lurid tawny then pale, squamulose; g. crowded, +pallid then tawny brown; s. equal, fuscous; sp. 9-10 × 4.5-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>limbata</b>, Bull. P. exp. obtuse, even then concentrically floccosely +squamulose, ochraceous-tan, edge striate then split; g. free, ochre-tan; +s. fistulose, glabrous, white then yellowish; sp. 6-9 × 4-6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>sublimbata</i>. Differs in solid s. which like p. is brick-red then +pale; g. rusty.</p> + +<p>[<b>Weislandri</b>, Fr. P. exp. obtuse, glabrous, tawny, cuticle cracked +into areolae, hence the surface is crowded with minute dark wart-like +papillae; g. adnate, broad, dark rust; s. filiform, almost naked, +blackish.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">*** <i>Pileus destitute of scales, silky or atomate.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>segestria</b>, Fr. P. soft, convex, exp. or depr. silky, hygr. tan then +pale; g. adnate, crowded, narrow; s. soft, tough, fibrillose, pallid; +sp. 9-10 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>pannosa</b>, Fr. P. thin, exp. fuscescent, silky with white hairs; g. +ventricose, distant, pale umber; s. filiform, almost glabrous, pallid.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_168" id="Page_168">[Pg 168]</a></span></p><p>[<b>hibala</b>, Karst. P. convexo-depr. hygr. surface loose and pannose, +sooty-umber or olive-brown, yellowish-grey when dry; g. adnate, +narrow, crowded, edge grey-flocculose, subdentate; s. base with +white down, pulverulent-velvety with yellowish particles.</p> + +<p>[<b>bryophila</b>, Roze and Boud. P. conico-campan. acute umbo +blackish, rest reddish brown, striate; g. almost free, pale rose; s. +cylindrical, almost translucent, brown, curved.</p> + +<p><b>carpophila</b>, Fr. P. 3-6 mm. thin, convex, obtuse, shining with +scurfy particles, yellowish then pallid; g. broad, crenulate, ochre; +s. 5-8 cm. scurfy then naked, pallid.</p> + +<p><b>graminicola</b>, Nees. P. 3-8 mm. convex, papillate, hairy-tomentose, +fuscous then reddish ochre; g. rather distant, ochre then pallid; +s. 1 cm. tough, hairy, brownish; sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>pityrodes</b>, Brig. P. dry, convex, plane, umb. very minutely +downy-squamulose, whitish then rufescent, edge striate, toothed; +g. ventricose, pallid; s. fistulose, tough, scabrid-squamulose, tawny, +strigose below.</p> + +<p><b>effugiens</b>, Q. Very minute. P. thin convexo-plane, diaphanous, +ochre, at length greyish olive and covered with shining crystalline +grains; g. yellowish; s. incurved, mealy.</p> + +<p><b>echinospora</b>, W. G. S. P. at first rather scurfy, moist, hygr. +citrin, greenish marginate then pallid, edge slightly striate; g. citrin; +s. reddish-brown, white squamulose; sp. rough, 7 × 6.</p> +</li></ol></li></ol> + +<h3>GALERA, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">I. <span class="smcap">Conocephali</span>. <i>Pileus conico-campanulate, hygr. +almost even, atomate when dry; stem straight, +gills somewhat crowded, ascending.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>apala</b>, Weinm. P. campan. equal, obtuse, even, hygr. pallid +livid, white when dry; g. almost free, whitish then ochre; s. tall, +fragile, narrowed upwards, white-velvety; sp. 12-14 × 7-8.</p> + +<p>var. <i>sphaerobasis</i>, Post. P. campan. even; s. shorter, glabrous, +base spherical.</p> + +<p><b>lateritia</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. high, nut-shaped then conical, even, +hygr. gilvous then ochre, edge densely striate when moist; g. very +narrow, tawny-rust; s. 6-9 cm. fragile, narrowed upwards, white-pruinose; +sp. 11-12 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>G. ovalis</i> by narrow, ascending g.</p> + +<p><b>tenera</b>, Schaeff. P. 1-2 cm. high, conico-campan. obtuse, hygr. +pale yellowish rusty, pale and rather atomate when dry; g. adnate, +crowded, rather broad, cinnamon; s. 6-9 cm. straight, fragile, rather +shining, colour of p.; sp. 12-13 × 7.</p> + +<p>var. <i>pilosella</i>, Pers. P. and s. covered with short erect pubescence +when moist.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_169" id="Page_169">[Pg 169]</a></span></p><p>[<b>flexipes</b>, Karst. P. campan. obtuse, rusty and slightly pellucidly +striate, ochraceous when dry; g. adnexed, crowded, pallid then rusty, +edge crenulate; s. equal, fistulose, wavy, pallid then rusty, white-fibrillose, +apex white-pruinose; sp. 10-12 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>pubescens</b>, Gillet. P. conical, reticulately wrinkled, atomate, +very minutely pubescent, brown or ochre, hygr.; g. narrow, veined at +base, rusty; s. tall, rigid, coarsely longitudinally striate above, finely +pubescent, paler than p.</p> + +<p><b>siliginea</b>, Fr. P. 1-1.5 cm. globose, then campan. finally exp. +unequal, even, greyish, not becoming pale; g. adnate, ochre; s. +4-7 cm. rather wavy, equal, pallid, rather pruinose; sp. 11-13 +× 5-7.</p> + +<p><b>campanulata</b>, Mass. Smell strong. P. 1-2 cm. persistently +campan. subacute, even, hygr. deep cinnamon, whitish, atomate and +rather rugulose when dry; g. adnate, tawny cinnamon; s. 4-5 cm. +wavy, pallid; sp. 12 × 7.</p> + +<p><b>ovalis</b>, Fr. P. 3-4 cm. thin, ovato-campan. even, hygr. dark +rusty, yellowish when dry; g. nearly free, ventricose, very broad, +rusty; s. 6-9 cm. straight, equal, slightly striate, colour of p. hollow; +sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>Veil sometimes subannulate.</p> + +<p>[<b>rabenhorstii</b>, Fr. P. acutely conical then exp. umbil. pellucidly +striate, olive; g. lanceolate, white then rufous-brown; s. fibrously +striate, brownish-white, base thickened, somewhat floccosely rooting.</p> + +<p><b>antipoda</b>, Lasch. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. campan.-convex, even, ochre, +whitish and atomate when dry; s. 2-3 cm. striate, mealy, base +bulbous and fusiformly rooting; g. almost free, crowded, yellowish-ochre; +sp. 15-16 × 8.</p> + +<p><b>conferta</b>, Bolt. P. 1-2 cm. acutely conico-campan. striate, +glabrous, hygr. fuscous, fuscous ochre when dry; g. slightly adnexed, +white then brownish ochre; s. 2-4 cm. silky, shining, naked, with an +equal very long rooting base; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Densely crowded, very fragile.</p> + +<p><b>spicula</b>, Lasch. P. conico-campan. striate when moist, brown-ochre, +flocculose when dry; g. adnate; s. straight, slender, white-floccose, +base thickened, fibrillose.</p> + +<p><b>spartea</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. campan.-convex, exp. obtuse, hygr. +even when dry, glabrous, cinnamon then pale; g. adnate, crowded; +s. 3-5 cm. rigid, flexile, glabrous; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Resembling <i>G. tener</i> but smaller, and s. not straight.</p> + +<p><b>pygmaeo-affinis</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. campan. exp. dry, not striate, +slightly wrinkled, honey-tan; g. thin, crowded, very narrow, rusty-ochre; +s. 4-6 cm. equal, shining white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Fries says this is possibly a tall form of <i>Naucoria pygmaea</i>.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_170" id="Page_170">[Pg 170]</a></span></p> +</li><li><div class="key">II. <span class="smcap">Bryogeni</span>. <i>Pileus membranaceous, campanulate, +striate, glabrous, hygr. even, opaque and rather silky +when dry; stem slender, lax, flexile; gills broadly and +abruptly adnate, broad, somewhat denticulate.</i></div> + +<p><b>vittaeformis</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. conico-campan. papillate, +striate, somewhat bay; g. adnate, ascending; s. 3-7 cm. equal, +flexile, even, reddish; sp. 12 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>rubiginosa</b>, Fr. P. 0.5-1 cm. campan. obtuse, everywhere +deeply striate, hygr. cinnamon or honey-colour, tan when dry; g. +distant, broad, opaque; s. 4-5 cm. glabrous, reddish; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>hypnorum</b>, Batsch. P. 0.5-1 cm. campan. subpapillate, glabrous, +striate, hygr. ochre or tawny-ochre then pale; g. broad, lax; s. 3-4 +cm. wavy, colour of p. apex pruinose; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>bryorum</i>, Pers. Larger, watery cinnamon, papilla somewhat +horny; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>sphagnorum</i>, Pers. Two to three times larger than type, +yellowish-ochre; s. elongated, subfibrillose, tawny.</p> + +<p>[<b>hypnicola</b>, Karst. P. conico-campan. obtuse, disc gibbous, +deeply lineato-striate, livid fuscous, soon paler; g. crowded; s. equal, +lax, flaccid, silky flocculose from veil, soon glabrous, pallid; sp. +10-12 × 7.</p> + +<p><b>mniophila</b>, Lasch. P. 1-1.5 cm. campan. subpapillate, striate, +brownish yellow; g. broad, yellowish-ochre; s. 4-7 cm. equal, +flexile, yellow, apex mealy; sp. 14 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>minuta</b>, Q. P. 3-5 mm. campan. striate, pale tawny bistre; +g. arcuate, as broad as long; s. 1-2 cm. hair-like, tawny, shining, +woolly and white at base; sp. 6 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>aquatilis</b>, Fr. P. campan.-convex, subpapillate, glabrous, +watery, edge striate, pallid honey-colour or hyaline, then whitish; +g. distant, triquetrous, pallid; s. very long, slender, even, very +glabrous, pallid; sp. 10-14 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>tenuissima</b>, Weinm. P. campan. obtuse, glabrous, slightly +striate, tinged olive; g. crowded, cinnamon; s. very slender, flexile, +glabrous, cinnamon; sp. 10-13 long.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">III. <span class="smcap">Eriodermi</span>. <i>Pileus submembranaceous; veil evident, +superficial, deciduous; at first—especially near the +edge—silky or squamulose.</i></div> + +<p><b>pityria</b>, Fr. P. campan. exp. glabrous, viscid, lurid, tan when +dry, fugacious veil append.; g. slightly adnexed, crowded, rusty; +s. fistulose, firm, glabrous, silvery, apex with white meal.</p> + +<p><b>ravida</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-3 cm. campan. then hemispher. even when +moist, greyish, dingy ochre when dry, edge at first toothed with +white veil; g. nearly free, gilvous; s. 2-3 cm. fibrilloso-striate, +pallid, silvery; sp. 8-10 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>mycenopsis</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. campan. exp. disc even, striate +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_171" id="Page_171">[Pg 171]</a></span>to middle, at first silky-white near edge, ochre then pale; g. white +then ochre; s. 6-9 cm. attenuated, white, silky; sp. 9-12 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>morchelloides</b>, De Brond. P. conoid, obtuse, subgibbous, with +anastomosing wrinkles, edge wavy, tawny ochre; g. whitish then +fuscous; s. equal, squamulose, rufous.</p> + +<p>[<b>vestita</b>, Fr. P. campan. striate, tawny yellow when moist, +ochre when dry, edge fimbriately toothed with the veil; g. adnate, +yellow then ochre; s. rigid, pulverulent, yellowish; sp. 10 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>Sahleri</b>, Q. Minute. P. conical, acute, striate, chestnut tawny, +honey-colour when dry, deciduous silky fibrils at margin; g. adnate, +tawny ochre; s. fibrillose, shining; sp. 8-10 × 4-5.</p> +</li></ol> + +<h3>TUBARIA, W. G. Sm.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">I. <span class="smcap">Genuini</span>. <i>Spores rusty.</i></div> + +<p><b>cupularis</b>, Bull. P. 2-3 cm. plano-depr. obtuse, even, glabrous, +rufescent then yellowish, hygr.; g. decur. crowded, tawny; s. 4-7 cm. +fistulose, naked, narrowed upwards, whitish; sp. 6 × 3.</p> + +<p><b>furfuracea</b>, Pers. P. 1.5-5 cm. convex then plane and at +length umbil. yellowish-cinnamon, hygr. hoary with the silky-squamulose +veil, especially near edge; g. adnato-decur. rather distant, +cinnamon; s. 2-5 cm. fistulose, flocculose, rigid, pallid; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>heterosticha</i>, Fr. P. subumb. depr. cinnamon, ochre then +pallid when dry; s. almost naked.</p> + +<p>var. <i>trigonophylla</i>, Fr. Small, becoming pale; g. very broad, +triangular, more distant, ochre with a tawny tinge.</p> + +<p><b>anthrocophila</b>, Karst. P. convex, exp. wavy, dry, rusty-cinnamon +pale when dry, with concentric white deciduous flecks +near edge; g. adnate, dentate; s. wavy, often compr. pallid rusty, +white-fibrillose; sp. 6-7.5 × 3-5.</p> + +<p>Close to <i>T. furfuracea</i>.</p> + +<p><b>paludosa</b>, Fr. 0.5-1.5 cm. P. conic then convex, umb. not +striate, yellowish fuscous, with silky pallid superficial flecks; g. +decur. very broad behind, crowded, watery ochre; s. 6-9 cm. +slender, elongated, flexuous, floccose, ochre or pale citrin; sp. 10 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>stagnina</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. conical then convex, obtuse, rather +viscid and striate when moist, rusty bay, even and pale ochre when +dry, with white concentric floccose scales near edge; g. decur. very +broad, ochre then rusty; s. 7-15 cm. reddish bay; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p>P. sometimes depr. and umbil.</p> + +<p>[<b>vestita</b>, Q. P. 1-2 cm. thin, campan. creamy ochre, edge +with a white dentate fringe formed by the torn ring; g. yellow, +then fawn with a cream edge; s. fistulose, slender, mealy, creamy +white; ring membranous, thin, white, caducous; sp. 10 long.</p> + +<p><b>pellucida</b>, Bull. P. 1-2 cm. conical then campan. umb. cinnamon, +hygr. silky-squamulose near the striate edge; g. subdecur. +very broad behind, triangular, paler than p.; s. 3-5 cm. narrowed +upwards, shining, pale, apex mealy; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_172" id="Page_172">[Pg 172]</a></span></p><p><b>muscorum</b>, Pers. P. 0.5-1 cm. convex, centre becoming depr. +striate, glabrous, yellow-fuscous; g. subdecur. paler; s. short, base +thickened, colour of p.; sp. 6-8 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>embola</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. campan. then convex, obtuse, lineato-striate, +glabrous, yellowish tawny, hygr.; g. very broad behind, +triangular, thick, distant; s. 3-5 cm. thickened upwards, glabrous, +shining yellow when dry; sp. 10 × 4-6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>Omph. umbellifera</i> in glabrous finely striate p. +and s. thickened upwards.</p> + +<p>[<b>viscidula</b>, Karst. P. campan. striate, viscid, somewhat ochre; +g. adnate, distant, white then rusty; s. equal, rusty, paler upwards, +white-flocculose; sp. 6-7 × 3-6.</p> + +<p><b>autochthona</b>, B. and Br. P. 0.5-1 cm. hemispher. obtuse, pale +ochre, silky, edge flocculose; g. adnate with decur. tooth, honey-colour; +s. 2-3 cm. wavy or curved, thickened above and below, base +woolly; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>T. furfuracea</i> in the p. not becoming pale, and sp. +paler.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">II. <span class="smcap">Phaeoti</span>. <i>Spores fuscous-rusty.</i></div> + +<p><b>crobula</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. convex then plane, obtuse, not striate, +rather viscid, covered with deciduous floccose subsquarrose scales, +then naked, greyish tan; g. subdecur. crowded; s. 2-3.5 cm. +tough, fuscous, densely covered with white floccose scales; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>Almost a large-sized <i>T. inquilina</i> with the veil of <i>A. furfuracea</i>, +but evidently annulate.</p> + +<p><b>inquilina</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. convex then plane, glabrous, rather +viscid, striate when moist, hygr. tawny or hoary-tan; g. subdecur. +rather distant, triangular, tan then brownish umber; s. 2-3 cm. +tough, bay, white-fibrillose; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p>Close to <i>T. crobula</i>, differs in glabrous p., striate when moist, +and nearly glabrous s.</p> + +<p>var. <i>ecbola</i>, Fr. P. tan; s. rooting; g. crowded, rusty.</p> + +<p>[<b>caricicola</b>, P. Henn. P. thin, convex, depr. centre brownish, +even, glabrous, yellowish-brown, silky when dry; g. shortly decur. +rusty; s. slender, curved, brown, base darker; sp. 8-10 × 3.5-4.5.</p> +</li></ol> + +<h3>FLAMMULA, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">I. <span class="smcap">Gymnoti</span>. <i>Veil absent; pileus dry, often +squamulose</i>.</div> + +<p><b>gymnopodia</b>, Bull. Rusty brown. P. 4-7 cm. fleshy, campan.-convex, +squamulose; g. deeply decur. arcuate, crowded, rusty; s. +3-6 cm. solid, almost glabrous, equal; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>Aldridgei</b>, Mass. P. 2-5 cm. convex then infundib. edge incurved, +dry, orange brick-red, minutely velvety; g. deeply decur. +rusty orange; s. 6-9 cm. wavy, smooth, colour of p.; sp. 16 × 5.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_173" id="Page_173">[Pg 173]</a></span></p><p><b>vinosa</b>, Bull. P. 2-4 cm. exp. then depr. rusty fawn-colour; +g. decur. crowded, narrow, rusty; s. 2-3 cm. solid, firm, base rather +thickened, minutely flocculose; sp. 5 × 3.</p> + +<p>[<b>Tamii</b>, Fr. P. convex, dry, floccosely silky, dusky yellow, with +tinge of brown; g. adnate, orange tawny; s. solid, silky fibrillose, +equal, yellowish rufous.</p> + +<p>[<b>abrupta</b>, Fr. P. convexo-plane, disc becoming depr. obsoletely +umb. glabrous, shining tawny; g. adnate with decur. tooth, pallid +then tawny; s. fibrillose, tawny yellow; sp. 5-7 × 3-5.</p> + +<p><b>floccifera</b>, B. and Br. Caespitose. P. 4-5 cm. convex, exp. +tawny, white-fibrillose, somewhat zoned when dry; g. adnate, +wrinkled, rusty, edge white; s. 3 cm. narrowed downwards, scurfy +at apex, white and silky-squamulose below; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>muricella</b>, Fr. P. convex then plane, tawny, covered everywhere +with suberect darker erect innate squamules; g. adnate, +crowded, dingy yellow; s. solid, equal, glabrous, pallid.</p> + +<p><b>decipiens</b>, W. G. Sm. P. 2-3 cm. deep clear brown then pale, +convex, obtuse or umb. dry, minutely scaly, flesh yellow; g. decur. +orange-brown; s. 3-4 cm. narrowed downwards, tawny, striate; sp. +6-7 × 4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>F. carbonaria</i> in decur. bright g.</p> + +<p><b>clitopila</b>, Cke. and Sm. P. 3-4 cm. convex then exp. depr. +and umbil. smooth, dry, purplish brown; g. dingy yellowish; s. +4-5 cm. ventricose, smoky brown, hollow; sp. 10 × 4-5.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">II. <span class="smcap">Lubrici</span>. <i>Pileus covered with a viscid, continuous, +partly separable cuticle; veil evident, fibrillose.</i></div> + +<p><b>lenta</b>, Pers. P. 4-7 cm. convexo-plane, even, viscid, livid or +tan, at first with scattered scales; g. adnate, whitish then tan; s. +4-5 cm. equal, scaly; sp. 10 × 4. (6-7 × 3-4 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>Sometimes entirely whitish; p. glutinous when moist.</p> + +<p>Stevenson considers the present and <i>Hebeloma glutinosum</i> to +be identical.</p> + +<p><b>lubrica</b>, Fr. P. 5-9 cm. exp. plane, even, viscid, cinnamon or +tawny or pallid and disc tawny and spotted with squamules; g. +adnate, broad, tan; s. 5-12 cm. somewhat narrowed, fibrillose, +whitish, apex striate; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>lupina</b>, Fr. P. 4-9 cm. exp. and depr. even, viscid; g. adnato-decur. +broad, pallid tan; s. 2-3 cm. short, firm, unequal, with rusty +tinged adpressed fibrils, apex white; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p>There are two forms: A. Smell strong, pungent, p. fuscous then +tan; s. becoming rusty. B. Milder, p. tawny; s. and g. yellowish.</p> + +<p><b>mixta</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. convexo-plane, viscid, crust-colour, disc +darker, rugulose; g. subdecur. crowded; s. 3-7 cm. hollow, pallid, +fusco-fibrillose, rufous-scaly below; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>juncina</b>, W. G. Sm. P. 3-4 cm. hemispher. exp. even, glabrous, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_174" id="Page_174">[Pg 174]</a></span>sulphur, disc brown; g. decur. sulphur then reddish brown; s. 8-10 +cm. tapering downwards, sulphur, base tawny; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>decussata</b>, Fr. P. plane, obscurely umb. viscid, virgate with +innate radiating fibrils, crust-colour; g. adnate, crowded, narrow, +yellowish then tan; s. tawny.</p> + +<p><b>gummosa</b>, Lasch. P. 3-6 cm. plane, floccosely scaly then even, +viscid, yellow or greenish; g. adnate, crowded, yellow then cinnamon; +s. 4-7 cm. silky fibrillose, base reddish; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>spumosa</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. exp. even, viscid, yellowish; g. adnate, +yellow then rusty; s. 4-9 cm. equal, slender, fibrillose, yellowish; sp. +9 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>Henningsii</b>, Bres. P. convex, exp. greenish-yellow or citrin, +centre tinged fuscous, with disappearing brownish squamules; g. +sinuato-adnate, crowded, yellow then tawny cinnamon; s. fibrillosely +squamulose then almost glabrous, tawny-yellow; sp. 8-9 × 5.5.</p> + +<p>[<b>carbonaria</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. almost plane, even, viscid, somewhat +tawny, flesh yellow; g. adnate, tan becoming fuscescent; s. +3-7 cm. rigid, squamulose, pallid; sp. 10-11 × 5-6.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">III. <span class="smcap">Udi</span>. <i>Cuticle of pileus continuous, not distinct or +separable, glabrous</i> (frequently with superficial down), +<i>moist or slightly viscid in rainy weather. Veil evident, +appendiculate.</i> Spores not tawny nor ochre. Allied +to <i>Pholiota</i>, caespitose, growing on wood.</div> + +<p><b>fusus</b>, Batsch. P. 4-8 cm. compact, convexo-exp. even, rather +viscid, reddish tan, flesh yellowish, veil append.; g. subdecur. +yellowish then rusty; s. 4-5 cm. fibrillosely striate, base narrowed, +colour of p. rooting; sp. 10 × 4.</p> + +<p>var. <i>superba</i>, Mass. P. 8-12 cm. deep orange; s. pale orange; +g. narrow, bright yellow.</p> + +<p><b>filia</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. exp. glabrous, moist in rainy weather +but not viscid, pale reddish yellow; g. adnate, arcuate, tawny +yellow; s. 8-14 cm. glabrous, pale yellow, hollow; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>cortinata</b>, D. C. Caespitose. P. convex, glabrous, discoid, veil +append.; g. adnate, rusty; s. hollow, unequal, squamulose, white.</p> + +<p>var. <i>cortinella</i>, Dub. P. ovoid-convex, yellow or greyish-yellow; +g. whitish then rufous-lilac, at length vinous.</p> + +<p><b>astragalina</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. exp. discoid, at first superficially +silky near edge, saffron blood-red, flesh same; g. adnate, crowded, +pale yellow then rusty; s. 3-9 cm. wavy, fibrillosely scaly, pallid; +sp. 10 long.</p> + +<p><b>alnicola</b>, Fr. P. 3-7 cm. exp. moist, even, at first subfibrillosely +scaly then nearly glabrous, yellow then rusty, rarely greenish; +g. broad, pallid then rusty; s. 4-9 cm. partly hollow, narrowed to a +rooting base, fibrillose, yellow then rusty; sp. 9 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>flavida</b>, Schaeff. P. 3-7 cm. exp. equal; glabrous, moist, yellow; +g. yellow then rusty; s. 5-9 cm. yellow then rusty; 6-8 × 5.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_175" id="Page_175">[Pg 175]</a></span></p><p><b>inaurata</b>, W. G. Sm. Sulphur yellow. P. 2-3 cm. moist, +smooth, with a distinct veil; g. adnate with a decur. tooth; +s. 2-3 cm. with innate scales; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>conissans</b>, Fr. P. 3-7 cm. thin, exp. equal, moist, glabrous, +yellowish tan; g. crowded, pallid then dingy tan; s. 4-7 cm. +hollow, silky fibrillose, pallid; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p>Habit of <i>Hypholoma fasciculare</i>.</p> + +<p><b>inopoda</b>, Fr. P. 3-9 cm. exp. moist, glabrous, honey-coloured +tan; g. linear, yellowish white then pallid; s. 7-14 cm. slender, +wavy, adpressedly fibrillose, at length reddish below; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>apicrea</b>, Fr. 3-7 cm. exp. even, glabrous, moist, tan or dingy +orange, disc tawny; g. crowded, shining rusty; s. 4-7 cm. hollow, +equal, not rooting, pallid, base with rusty fibrils; sp. 7 × 3.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>F. alnicola</i> in unchangeable gills, flesh hygr.; p. +clay-colour, disc tawny becoming pale, smell sweet.</p> + +<p>[<b>austera</b>, Fr. P. campan.-convex exp. obtuse, moist, discoid, +fibrillose then glabrous, hygr. honey-colour, disc tawny; g. subdecur. +always cinnamon; s. hollow, equal, not rooting, silky fibrillose, +whitish.</p> + +<p>[<b>azyma</b>, Bull. P. convex-exp. obtuse, moist, even, hygr. pale +rusty, flocculose and rimosely squamulose when dry; g. adnate, +gilvous, edge whitish; s. fibrillosely cortinate, pallid; sp. 10 long.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">IV. <span class="smcap">Sapinei</span>. Pileus hardly pelliculose (flesh cracking +or torn into squamules towards disc), not viscid. +<i>Veil</i> adpressedly fibrillose to the stem, <i>not appendiculato-cortinate, +almost none, or forming a zone on stem</i>. +Known more especially by yellowish or tawny yellow +gills and ochre or tawny spores. Subcaespitose, +always growing on pines or on pine branches etc. +on the ground.</div> + +<p>[<b>stabilis</b>, Weinm. P. compact, exp. even, glabrous, ochre, +gibbous disc darker; g. whitish then tawny cinnamon; s. stout, +rigid, whitish with ochre fibrils.</p> + +<p><b>penetrans</b>, Fr. P. exp. dry, almost glabrous, golden or orange +tawny; g. yellowish-white spotted tawny; s. silky then striate, pallid, +very fugacious flocculose veil white; sp. 8-9 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>hybrida</b>, Fr. P. 4-5 cm. hemispher. exp. obtuse, glabrous, +even, moist, tawny cinnamon then tawny orange; g. adnate, pale +yellow then tawny; s. 4-7 cm. narrowed upwards, tawny, whitish +cortinate and cingulate; sp. 7-8 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>harmoge</b>, Fr. P. campan. adpressedly squamulose, rather +viscid, disc fleshy, verdigris green, rest lilac or pinkish; g. adnate, +broad, sulphur then tawny-saffron; s. colour of p. veil floccosely +radiating.</p> + +<p><b>sapinea</b>, Fr. P. 3-7 cm. exp. very obtuse, minutely flocculosely +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_176" id="Page_176">[Pg 176]</a></span>squamulose then rimosely broken up, golden tawny; g. adnate, broad, +golden then tawny cinnamon; s. 3-5 cm. deformed, thick, grooved, +rooting, yellowish; sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>Studeriana</b>, Fayod. P. convex then exp. edge acute, deep +orange, covered with deciduous, purple-brown radiating silky fibrils; +g. adnexed, brownish-tan, not spotted; s. cylindrical, fibrillose and +coloured like p.; sp. rough, 8 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>liquiritiae</b>, Pers. P. 3-7 cm. splitting, convexo-plane, subumb. +glabrous, moist, edge at length slightly striate, tawny orange; g. +broad, golden then tawny cinnamon; s. 4-5 cm. hollow, fibrous, +striate, silky and white then tawny-rusty; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>picrea</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. cracking, convexo-exp. even, glabrous, +rufous- or bay-cinnamon then tawny; g. crowded, narrow, yellow +then rusty; s. 4-7 cm. fistulose, thin, somewhat umber, narrowed +upwards, pulverulent at first; sp. 8-10 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>nitens</b>, Cke. and Mass. Caespitose. P. 3-5 cm. hemispher. +obtuse, shining, persistently purple brown; g. pallid then umber; +s. 4-7 cm. fibrillose, pale pinkish brown, solid; sp. 10 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>limulata</b>, Fr. P. convex then irreg. densely papillosely-rivulose +with innate flecks, tawny; g. crowded, yellow then cinnamon; s. thin, +fibrillose, rather downy, fuscescent; sp. 6-7 × 3-4.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">V. <span class="smcap">Sericelli</span>. <i>Cortinate, cuticle of pileus rather silky, +dry or viscid at first.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>Agardhii</b>, Fr. P. convex then exp. obtuse, dry, fibrillosely silky, +almost even, tawny-rusty; g. adnato-decur. crowded, tan then brown-rusty, +edge paler, crenulate; s. equal, wavy, fibrillosely cortinate.</p> + +<p><b>ochrochlora</b>, Fr. Caespitose. P. 3-5 cm. convexo-exp. obtusely +umb. dry, rather silky, subsquamulose, greenish straw-colour; g. +adnate, crowded, greenish-white then olive; s. 4-5 cm. hollow, +scaly and white-floccose, wavy, base and inside rusty; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p>Resembling <i>Hypholoma fasciculare</i>, differing in rusty sp.</p> + +<p><b>helomorpha</b>, Fr. White. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. exp. gibbous, unequal, +viscid, silky when dry, edge naked; g. adnato-decur. crowded, white +then tan; s. 2-3 cm. solid, unequal, curved, even, almost glabrous; +sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>scamba</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. exp. subdepr. floccosely downy, viscid +in damp weather, white then tinged tan; g. subdecur. yellowish tan; +s. 3-4 cm. short, incurved, flocculosely cortinate, white, base narrowed; +sp. 10-12 × 5-6.</p> +</li></ol> +<p class="center"><i>Introduced species.</i></p> + +<p><b>filicea</b>, Cke. P. 2-4 cm. convexo-exp. or slightly depr. squamulosely +fibrillose, deep yellow disc tawny, veil reddish, append.; g. +adnate, sulphur then tawny; s. 3-5 cm. hollow, sulphur, base tawny; +sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_177" id="Page_177">[Pg 177]</a></span></p><p><b>purpurata</b>, Cke. and Mass. P. 3-4 cm. exp. obtusely umb. +purple or purple-brown, squamulose, dry; g. adnate, yellow then +rusty; s. 3-4 cm. incurved, purplish and granulose below; sp. 8 × 5.</p> + + +<h3>CORTINARIUS, Fr.</h3> + +<p class="center"><i>Key to the Subgenera.</i></p> + +<p>I. <b>Phlegmacium</b>. Partial veil cobwebby. Pileus equally +fleshy, viscid; stem firm, dry. p. <a href="#Page_177">177</a>.</p> + +<p>II. <b>Myxacium</b>. Universal veil glutinous, hence the pileus and +scarcely bulbous stem are viscid. Pileus rather thin; gills adnate +or decurrent. p. <a href="#Page_183">183</a>.</p> + +<p>III. <b>Inoloma</b>. Pileus equally fleshy, dry, at first scaly, fibrillose +or innately silky, not hygrophanous. Veil simple. Stem fleshy, +subbulbous. p. <a href="#Page_185">185</a>.</p> + +<p>IV. <b>Dermocybe</b>. Flesh of pileus thin, everywhere equal, at +first downy or subinnately silky, but glabrous when adult, dry, not +hygrophanous. p. <a href="#Page_188">188</a>.</p> + +<p>V. <b>Telamonia</b>. Pileus hygrophanous, at first glabrous or with +whitish superficial fibrils. Flesh entirely thin or the margin abruptly +so, splitting. Universal veil peronate, or forming a ring low down +on the stem, apex somewhat cortinate, hence the veil is double. +p. <a href="#Page_191">191</a>.</p> + +<p>VI. <b>Hydrocybe</b>. Pileus glabrous or covered with superficial +white fibrils, not viscid but moist when growing, losing the deep +colour and becoming pale when dry, flesh very thin, splitting, disc +rarely thicker. Stem rather rigid, not peronate; veil thin, fibrillose, +rarely collapsing and forming an irregular zone round the stem. +p. <a href="#Page_196">196</a>.</p> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">I. <span class="smcap">Phlegmacium</span>.<br /> + +<i>Partial veil cobwebby. Pileus equally fleshy, viscid. +Stem firm, dry.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <span class="smcap">Cliduchii</span>. <i>Partial veil superior, forming a pendulous +ring round the apex of the subequal or clavate stem.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Gills pallid then tan.</i></div> + +<p><b>triumphans</b>, Fr. P. 7-12 cm. convex then exp. even, yellow, +at first with a few adpr. darker scales; g. emarginate, crowded, +quite entire; s. 7-14 cm. solid, clavate, with several concentric +squamulose tawny rings; sp. 12-14 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>crocolitus</b>, Q. P. disc, with saffron squamules; g. white, lilac, +then tan; s. squamulose, ring thin, yellowish-white.</p> + +<p><b>claricolor</b>, Fr. P. 7-12 cm. firm, exp. glabrous, shining when +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_178" id="Page_178">[Pg 178]</a></span>dry, yellow, often cracked into scales; g. subadnexed, crowded, +serrate, greyish white then pallid; s. solid, at first floccoso-squamulose +from white veil; sp. 11-12 × 6-7.</p> + +<p><b>turmalis</b>, Fr. P. 5-9 cm. convexo-plane, even, glabrous, +discoid, dingy yellow; g. emarginato-decur. crowded, subserrate, +tan; s. 7-12 cm. cylindric, white, at first woolly-peronate; sp. +8-9 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>crassus</b>, Fr. P. 7-11 cm. flesh thick, plano-depr. dingy yellow, +disc glabrous, rest fibrilloso-strigose; g. crowded, quite entire, tan; +s. 6-9 cm. stout, fibrillose, white, apex mealy; sp. 15 × 7.</p> + +<p><b>balteatus</b>, Fr. P. 7-9 cm. exp. compact, soon dry and broken +up into flecks, tawny, edge violet or bluish; g. emarginato-decur. +crowded, entire, whitish; s. at first peronato-tomentose, white, apex +velvety; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>sebaceus</b>, Fr. P. 6-12 cm. incurved then exp. rather wavy, +pallid, white-pruinose; g. emarg. not crowded, tan; s. 6-10 cm. +solid, equal, fibrillose, pallid; sp. 9 × 7.</p> + +<p><b>lustratus</b>, Fr. Wholly whitish. P. 3-5 cm. exp. even, glabrous, +edge fibrillose, cortinate; g. closely crowded; s. 3-5 cm. solid, +nearly equal; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Resembling <i>Entol. prunuloides</i>, but sp. ochre.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Gills violet or purplish, then cinnamon.</i></div> + +<p><b>varius</b>, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. compact, discoid, edge glabrous, flesh +white, rusty; g. crowded, entire, purplish then cinnamon; s. 3-5 cm. +conical, adpr. flocculose, whitish; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>cyanopus</b>, Fr. P. 5-8 cm. exp. even, glabrous, bay or tawny, +flesh whitish; g. adnato-emarg. broad, violet then pale; s. 4-5 cm. +violet then whitish, bulb depressed, oblique; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>variicolor</b>, Fr. P. 8-11 cm. compact, discoid, tomentose edge +violet, rest bay; g. decur.-emarginate, bluish then tan; s. 8-11 cm. +villose at first blue then whitish; sp. 9-10 × 5. Flesh bluish then +pallid.</p> + +<p>var. <i>nemorensis</i>, Fr. P. 6-9 cm. yellowish-bay, edge at first +bluish; s. clavate, 7 cm. apex hollow, mealy; g. rotundato-subdecur.</p> + +<p><b>largus</b>, Fr. P. 8-14 cm. exp. wavy, subgibbous, tan or reddish, +flesh grey then white; g. broad, crowded, entire, grey then cinnamon; +s. 8-12 cm. solid, fibrillose, curved, violet then white; sp. 12-14 × 7.</p> + +<p>[<b>spadiceus</b>, Fr. P. exp. smoky bay, pellicle separable; g. blue +then brownish-tan; s. fibrilloso-striate, pallid.</p> + +<p>[<b>pelmatosporus</b>, C. Mart. P. subglobose then campan. or +convex, brown or chestnut, centre darker, edge sulcate, incurved +then exp. white fibrillose veil persistent; s. stuffed, stout, apex +white, violet below, bulb submarginate, yellow; g. sinuate, adnexed; +sp. very large.</p> + +<p><b>Riederi</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. campan. then exp. glutinous, ochre, +shining when dry; g. adnate, eroded, violet then cinnamon; s. clavate, +silky lilac, tawny fibrillose, 6-9 cm.; sp. 12 × 5.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_179" id="Page_179">[Pg 179]</a></span></p> +</li><li><div class="key">+++ <i>Gills yellow, cinnamon, or ferruginous (not whitish +violet at first).</i></div> + +<p>[<b>percomis</b>, Fr. P. convexo-plane, even, very glabrous, gilvous; +g. sulphur yellow then tan, broad; s. clavate, sulphur inside.</p> + +<p>[<b>vitellinopes</b>, Secr. P. exp. depr. edge of margin upturned, +discoid, glabrous, egg-yellow; g. rusty cinnamon; s. solid, rather +wavy, white above ring, fibrillose and yellow below.</p> + +<p><b>saginus</b>, Fr. P. 8-11 cm. plano-convex, unequal, glabrous, +yellow; g. decur. broad, eroded, pallid then cinnamon; s. 7 cm. +somewhat bulbous, yellowish, apex naked; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>cliduchus</b>, Fr. P. depr. shining, discoid, bright yellow; g. serrate, +rusty-cinnamon; s. slightly curved, fibrillose, yellow.</p> + +<p><b>russus</b>, Fr. P. 6-9 cm. convexo-plane, silky fibrillose near edge, +coppery; g. adnate, broad, connected by veins, rusty; s. 6-7 cm. +attenuated, pallid, fibrillose; sp. 8-10 × 5.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++++ <i>Gills olive.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>cephalixus</b>, Fr. P. plane, rather wavy, olive, edge yellowish, +disc with brown granules; g. adnexed, thin, eroded, white then rusty +olive; s. clavate, brownish squamulose below.</p> + +<p><b>infractus</b>, Fr. P. 6-7 cm. exp. virgate, edge thin, incurved, +olive or yellowish; g. broad, crowded, olive-umber; s. 6-7 cm. +ovately bulbous, tinged olive; sp. 10 × 8.</p> + +<p><b>anfractus</b>, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. unequal, bent inwards, wavy, olive +then tawny fuliginous; g. crisped, rather distant, sooty-olive then +tan; s. 4-6 cm. unequal, apex violet; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>Berkeleyi</b>, Cke. P. 7-14 cm. convex then exp. edge incurved, +rugulose, pale, rest brown; g. narrow, cinnamon with olive tinge; +s. 8-14 cm. base bulbous, solid, white; sp. 15-16 × 8-9.</p> + +<p>Whole young fungus enclosed in a white volva, patches of which +often remain on p.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">** <span class="smcap">Scauri</span>. <i>Bulb depressed or turbinate, marginate, stem +fleshy, fibrous; veil inferior, springing from margin +of bulb; pileus equally fleshy; gills subsinuate.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Gills whitish then tan or pale cinnamon.</i></div> + +<p><b>multiformis</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. exp. equal, glabrous, yellow or +tawny all over, flesh white; g. serrate, white then tan; s. 5-9 cm. +yellowish white; sp. 10-12 × 5, rough.</p> + +<p>var. <i>flavescens</i>, Cke. Flesh and gills yellow.</p> + +<p>[<b>rapaceus</b>, Fr. P. convexo-plane, even, whitish-tan, not becoming +paler; flesh white; g. crowded, entire, white then tan; s. stuffed, +short, white, bulb depr. marginate.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_180" id="Page_180">[Pg 180]</a></span></p><p><b>napus</b>, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. exp. glutinous, edge incurved, tawny; +g. rather distant, crisped, smoky; s. 4-5 cm. equal, white, bulb +obconic and oblique; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>allutus</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. conico-convex, orange yellow, intense +yellow when dry, then pale, edge darker, flesh rufescent; g. adnate, +crenulate, white then rufous; s. 2-3 cm. viscid, white, rufous striate +below, marginately bulbous; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>talus</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. convex, even, dingy yellow then pale, +edge yellowish olive; g. pale ochre; s. 6-7 cm. cylindric, glabrous, +marginately bulbous, pallid; sp. 8-9 × 4-5.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Gills violet, blue, purplish, becoming cinnamon.</i></div> + +<p><b>glaucopus</b>, Fr. P. 6-9 cm. compact, incurved then expanded, +rather wavy, viscid then floccoso-squamulose or fibrillose, olive-bay +then tawny yellow; g. broad; s. 6-8 cm. striate, bluish then yellowish, +base marginate; sp. 8 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>pansa</b>, Fr. P. compact, incurved, wavy, glabrous, spotted with +innate scales, shining, tawny orange, flesh white; g. entire, blue; +s. marginate, yellow.</p> + +<p>[<b>variegatus</b>, Bres. P. convex then exp. and umb. edge incurved, +rufous brick-red, white fibrillose then glabrous and yellowish tan; +g. closely crowded; s. fibrillose, whitish then tinged rusty, base +narrowed and somewhat rooting, or marginately bulbous with a clear +violet silky basal zone; sp. 8-10 × 3.5-4.</p> + +<p><b>calochrous</b>, Fr. P. 4-5 cm. exp. flesh compact, white; tawny +yellow; g. serrate, bluish-purple; s. 3-5 cm. fibrillose, yellowish +(never blue), bulb abruptly marginate; sp. 7-8 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>caerulescens</b>, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. convex then exp. dingy yellow +or tan, flesh blue then pale; g. entire, at first pure deep blue; +s. 4-5 cm. solid, attenuated, naked, bulb marginate blue or violet +becoming whitish; sp. 9-10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>purpurascens</b>, Fr. P. 8-12 cm. exp. rather wavy, glutinous, +bay or reddish, then tawny olive, spotted, flesh everywhere blue; +g. blue then tan, purple when bruised; s. 6-7 cm. fibrillose, deep +blue, darker when bruised, marginate bulb disappearing; sp. +10-12 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>subpurpurascens</i>, Fr. P. thinner, subvirgate, becoming +pale; s. stuffed, bluish white.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">+++ <i>Gills rusty, tawny, or yellowish.</i></div> + +<p><b>dibaphus</b>, Fr. P. 6-9 cm. convex then exp. purplish, disc +yellowish, variegated with lilac; flesh yellow, violet under the cuticle; +g. rusty purple; s. 6-7 cm. yellow, apex purplish, bulb marginate; +sp. 12 × 5.</p> + +<p>var. <i>xanthophyllus</i>, Cke. G. for a long time yellow.</p> + +<p><b>turbinatus</b>, Fr. P. 5-9 cm. exp. orbicular, dingy yellow or +greenish, all one colour, glabrous, becoming pale; g. crowded, entire; +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_181" id="Page_181">[Pg 181]</a></span>s. 4-5 cm. cylindrical, bulb turbinate, marginate, whitish or tinged +yellow; sp. 14-16 × 7, rough.</p> + +<p><b>corrosus</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. exp. umbil. glabrous, viscid, ferruginous +then pale tan, at length rivulose or subfloccose, opaque when +dry, flesh firm, white; g. closely crowded, narrow; s. 3-5 cm. white, +cortina fibrillose, apex naked, bulb depr. marginate; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>fulgens</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. exp. silky-fibrillose, viscid, tawny +orange, flesh becoming spongy and tan; g. emarginate, tawny; s. +5-6 cm. colour of p. fibrillose and woolly, bulb large, depr. marginate; +sp. 9 × 5.</p> + +<p>Stem viscid when young in damp weather.</p> + +<p>[<b>sulfurinus</b>, Q. P. convex, sulphur yellow, edge white, disc +with saffron points; g. sulphur then tawny; s. silky, yellowish white.</p> + +<p><b>fulmineus</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. exp. tawny, edge orange, with +adpressed tawny scales; g. at first pure yellow; s. 2-3 cm. yellow, +naked, apex with a white veil, bulb ample, rooting; sp. 10 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>Stem slightly viscid at first. <i>C. fulgens</i> differs in tan-coloured +flesh.</p> + +<p><b>elegantior</b>, Fr. P. exp. even, glabrous, edge at first incurved, +tawny, flesh yellowish; g. egg-yellow then olive; s. yellowish, marginately +bulbous.</p> + +<p><b>orichalceus</b>, Fr. P. 5-9 cm. exp. with a viscid pellicle, disc +reddish tawny cracked into patches, edge livid; g. sulphur then +greenish; s. 4-7 cm. fibrillose, yellowish, marginately bulbous; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>testaceus</b>, Cke. P. 6-9 cm. exp. obtusely umb. or depr. brick-red +then paler; g. adnate; s. 6-9 cm. whitish above, tinged rufous +below, bulb submarginate, flesh tinged reddish; sp. 16 × 8, rough.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++++ <i>Gills olivaceous.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>rufoolivaceus</b>, Pers. P. exp. rufous then paler; g. crowded, +olive; s. green then yellowish, bulb submarginate.</p> + +<p><b>prasinus</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. exp. dingy bluish-green, spotted as +if scaly, edge incurved; g. rather distant, olive-yellow; s. 4-5 cm. +marginately bulbous, pale olive-green; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>atrovirens</b>, Kalchbr. P. 6-9 cm. convex, dusky-green or dusky-olive, +flesh yellowish green; g. yellow-green then tan; s. 6-7 cm. +bulb marginate, subturbinate, flesh tinged greenish; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>scaurus</b>, Fr. P. 3-7 cm. equal, exp. smoky-tawny then pale, +spotted, edge thin becoming striate; g. crowded, purplish-olive; +s. 6-7 cm. greenish or bluish, never yellow, narrowed upwards from +marginate bulb; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>herpeticus</b>, Fr. P. 3-7 cm. exp. olive then dingy tan, flesh +violet then whitish; g. violet-umber then sooty-olive; s. 5-7 cm. +fibrillose, pallid, bulb napiform, marginate; sp. 10 × 6.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_182" id="Page_182">[Pg 182]</a></span></p> +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">*** <span class="smcap">Elastici</span>. <i>Veil simple, thin, fugacious, median or +inferior. Stem never marginately bulbous or peronate, +but elastic, rigid, externally polished, shining, cartilaginous.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Gills white then tan or dingy cinnamon.</i></div> + +<p><b>cumatilis</b>, Fr. P. 7-9 cm. obtuse, with bluish-violet gluten, +disc brownish; g. adnexed, serrate; s. 6-7 cm. subbulbous, white, +veil forming a volva at base; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>serarius</b>, Fr. P. 3-9 cm. gibbous, not polished, viscid, opaque, +reddish-tan; g. arcuato-adfixed; s. 7-9 cm. fibrillose, shining, and +like the flesh white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>emollitus</b>, Fr. P. 6-8 cm. exp. wavy, slightly fibrillose-virgate, +tawny then ochre and shining; g. white then ochre; s. 3-4 cm. +scarcely bulbous, fibrillose, white as is also the flesh; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>cristallinus</b>, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. exp. very glabrous, viscid, shining, +hygr. pallid, edge whitish; g. crowded, tan; s. 5-6 cm. hollow, +nearly equal, white; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>decoloratus</b>, Fr. P. 4-9 cm. exp. soon dry and flocculose, tan +then pale, often corrugated when old; g. greyish-tan; s. 6-7 cm. +base thickened, fibrillosely-striate, silvery; sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Gills violet, purplish or flesh-colour.</i></div> + +<p><b>decolorans</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. exp. all one colour, yellow; g. dry, +purplish then tan; s. 5-8 cm. narrowed upwards, and like the flesh, +white; sp. 10 × 8.</p> + +<p><b>porphyropus</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. exp. thin, virgate, ochre, often +spotted; g. rather crowded, thin; s. 5-9 cm. somewhat attenuated, +lilac, purplish when bruised as is also the flesh; sp. 10-12 × 7.</p> + +<p>[<b>rubropunctatus</b>, Karst. P. thin, convexo-plane, even, glabrous, +glutinous, yellow; g. adnexed, crowded, white then ochre; s. wavy, +fibrillose, white, apex pruinose red-punctate; sp. 8-10 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>croceocoeruleus</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. exp. lilac; g. lilac then +orange-tan; s. 4-5 cm. hollow, fragile, white; sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>maculosus</b>, Fr. P. conico-convex then exp. and wavy, whitish +spotted with umber scales; g. pinkish-white, grey then tan; s. +squamosely fibrillose, white.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">+++ <i>Gills pure ochre, tawny, or rusty.</i></div> + +<p><b>corruscans</b>, Fr. P. 7-11 cm. plane, even, glabrous, yellowish +ochre often spotted; g. plano-decur. closely crowded, ochre; s. +7-12 cm. solid, elastic, white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>papulosus</b>, Fr. P. 5-8 cm. discoid, soon rivulose, granulato-punctate, +honey-tan, disc darker; g. adnato-decur.; s. 6-7 cm. +fibrillose, white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_183" id="Page_183">[Pg 183]</a></span></p><p>[<b>intentus</b>, Fr. P. exp. soft, ochre or tawny; g. adnate, closely +crowded, bright saffron; s. hollow, rigid, fragile, yellowish.</p> + +<p>[<b>compar</b>, Fr. P. exp. even, yellowish, edge thin; g. adnate, +rusty-cinnamon; s. fibrillose, apex lilac.</p> + +<p>[<b>subsimilis</b>, Fr. P. exp. sooty brown, flesh white; g. adnate, +smoky then tan; s. solid, equal, fibrillose, tawny.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++++ <i>Gills olive or smoky.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>olivascens</b>, Fr. P. exp. olive then sooty at length pale; g. tan +tinged olive; s. silvery-pallid. Taste very acrid.</p> + +</li></ol></li></ol></li><li><div class="key">II. <span class="smcap">Myxacium</span>.<br /> + +<i>Universal veil glutinous, hence pileus and scarcely bulbous +stem viscid. Pileus rather thin. Gills adnate or +decurrent.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <span class="smcap">Colliniti</span>. <i>Stem floccosely peronate, flocci at first +covered with gluten.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>alutipes</b>, Lasch. P. exp. obtuse, even, yellow-brown or bay; +g. adnate, rather distant, tawny cinnamon; s. solid, stout, peronato-annulate, +glutinous.</p> + +<p><b>arvinaceus</b>, Fr. P. 6-9 cm. exp. edge patent, golden-tawny or +reddish-tan; g. adnato-decur. straw-colour then ochre; s. 10-17 cm. +cylindric, yellowish-white, silky-viscid; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>collinitus</b>, Fr. P. 7-11 cm. fleshy, convex and incurved then +exp. even, shining, tawny-orange; g. adnate, greyish tan then cinnamon; +s. 7-12 cm. cylindric, floccosely glutinous broken up into +transverse squamules; sp. 12 × 6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>mucosus</i>, Fr. Firmer. S. even, silky; g. whitish then +rusty.</p> + +<p>[<b>alpinus</b>, Boud. P. convex camp. firm, viscid, tawny yellow; +s. white, apex sulcate, ring and below glutinous; g. adnate, broad, +cinnamon, edge paler. Flesh pale ochraceous.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. collinitus</i> and <i>C. livido-ochraceus</i> in very convex +p. and permanently white s. grooved at apex.</p> + +<p><b>mucifluus</b>, Fr. P. 3-7 cm. campan.-exp. smeared with hyaline +gluten that disappears, edge striate livid-tan or yellowish; g. adnate, +tan; s. 5-7 cm. narrowed downwards, viscid and floccosely squamulose, +white or tinged violet; sp. 12 × 7.</p> + +<p><b>elatior</b>, Fr. P. 7-9 cm. cylindrical then exp. thin except disc, +plicato-rugose, livid yellow then dingy ochre; g. adnate, very broad, +connected by veins; s. 10-16 cm. narrowed to both ends, whitish +or tinged lilac; sp. 12 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>grallipes</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. thin, campan. then exp. umb. even, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_184" id="Page_184">[Pg 184]</a></span>hygr. rusty then ochre; g. adnato-decur. very broad; s. 9-14 cm. +stuffed then hollow, rather wavy, yellowish; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Habit of <i>C. hinnuleus</i>, but viscid.</p> + +<p><b>livido-ochraceus</b>, B. P. 3-5 cm. very thin, exp. ochre; g. +rounded behind and slightly adnexed, cinnamon; s. 2-3 cm. narrowed +at both ends, whitish; sp. 8-10 × 5-7.</p> + +<p>[<b>suratus</b>, Fr. P. convex, equal, yellow, shining, disc depr. +brownish, cracked; g. adnate, violet then dingy flesh-colour; s. solid, +rather bulbous, flexuous, with yellowish scales, apex naked, tinged +violet.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <span class="smcap">Delibuti</span>. <i>Veil entirely viscid, stem not floccosely +peronate but only viscid, shining when dry.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Gills whitish then tan.</i></div> + +<p><b>nitidus</b>, Fr. P. 5-12 cm. exp. or depr. discoid, honey-coloured +tan then pale, disc tan; g. truly and equally attenuato-decur. +crowded; s. 5-9 cm. clavate, white, apex with white meal; sp. +10-12 × 8.</p> + +<p>[<b>emunctus</b>, Trog. P. campan. convex, pale violet then grey; g. +adnate, subdistant; s. glutinous, pallid, apex naked, white.</p> + +<p>[<b>liquidus</b>, Fr. P. exp. even, glutinous, yellowish, silky and +whitish when dry; g. truly decur. distant; s. attenuated, glutinous, +white.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Gills at first violet, bluish or reddish.</i></div> + +<p><b>salor</b>, Fr. P. 4-5 cm. exp. gibbous, innately fibrillose, violet; +g. adnate, tan, edge violet; s. 4-7 cm. solid, conically attenuated, +bulbous, glabrous, covered at the apex with the blue glutinous veil; +sp. 8-10 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>naevosus</b>, Fr. P. exp. subdepr. reddish yellow, crowded with +minute spot-like scales; g. emarginate, broad, blue then tan; s. solid, +pallid grey, with yellowish hyaline gluten.</p> + +<p><b>delibutus</b>, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. exp. obtuse, yellowish with viscid +hyaline gluten; g. adnate, serrulate, pallid blue then rusty; s. +5-9 cm. thin, attenuated, with whitish gluten; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p>var. <i>elegans</i>, Fr. P. and s. quite glabrous, with yellow viscidity, +shining when dry; flesh yellowish white.</p> + +<p><b>illibatus</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. campan.-convex, then exp. and subumb. +yellow disc darker; g. adnato-decur. crowded, rosy then tan; +s. 5-7 cm. white, glabrous, often with reddish spots above; sp. +15-16 × 6-7.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">+++ <i>Gills at first ochraceous or cinnamon.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>epipoleus</b>, Fr. P. exp. gibbous, hoary-shining; g. decur. edge +wavy, rather distant, tan; s. bulbous, clavate, obsoletely violet, viscid.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_185" id="Page_185">[Pg 185]</a></span></p><p><b>stillatitius</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. exp. subumb. even, smeared at first +with blue gluten, then livid fuscous, finally greyish-white; g. emarginate, +broad; s. 5-7 cm. hollow, very soft, with blue mucus; sp. +8 × 4.</p> + +<p>Somewhat resembling <i>C. elatior</i> but smaller, and veil not +floccose.</p> + +<p><b>vibratilis</b>, Fr. P. 4-5 cm. thin, almost plane, subgibbous, hygr. +yellow or tawny, golden and shining when dry; g. adnato-decur. +crowded; s. soft, conical, snow-white, glutinous veil fugacious; sp. +8 × 5.</p> + +<p>Habit of <i>C. armeniacus</i> and <i>C. causticus</i>. Differs from both in +very soft, snow-white stem, and glutinous veil.</p> + +<p><b>pluvius</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. globose, then convex, viscid, hygr. +yellowish tawny, tan and opaque when dry; g. decur. then seceding, +white then ochre; s. 5-6 cm. slender, subequal, soft, white then +pallid; sp. 10 × 8.</p> + +<p>[<b>oliveus</b>, Q. P. fibrilloso-virgate, viscid, olive green, flesh +yellowish-olive; s. silky, citrin, base clavate; g. reddish amethyst.</p> + +</li></ol></li></ol></li><li><div class="key">III. <span class="smcap">Inoloma</span>.<br /> + +<i>Pileus equally fleshy, dry, at first scaly, fibrillose or +innately silky, not hygrophanous. Veil simple. Stem +fleshy, subbulbous.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Gills at first white or pallid.</i></div> + +<p><b>opimus</b>, Fr. P. 6-9 cm. hard, exp. unequal, dry, with adpressed +tan tomentum, rimoso-rivulose; g. emarginate, white then tan; s. +2.5-3 cm. hard, stout, pallid, with white fibrils; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>var. <i>fulvobrunneus</i>, Fr. P. glabrous then rivulose; g. very +broad.</p> + +<p>[<b>argutus</b>, Fr. P. conical then exp. subgibbous, silky-fibrillose, +ochraceous; g. adnate; s. solid, ventricose, fibroso-squamose, yellowish +white.</p> + +<p><b>turgidus</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. exp. atomate then glabrous, whitish +tan, shining, edge at first silky; g. emarginate, crowded, edge entire; +s. 4-6 cm. bulbous, rimosely-striate, glabrous, silvery shining; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. argentatus</i> in very obtuse p. and entire edge of +gills.</p> + +<p>[<b>praestans</b>, Cord. P. convex, orbicular, silky-shining, brownish +violet; g. hyaline then grey; s. fibrous inside, solid, whitish, cylindrical, +sometimes wavy, rather bulbous. Esculent.</p> + +<p><b>argentatus</b>, Krombh. P. 6-9 cm. convex, almost glabrous, +silvery grey, shining, disc subgibbous, pallid, near the edge at first +silky-lilac; g. emarginate, crowded, serrate; s. 7-9 cm. stout, white; +sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p>var. <i>pinetorum</i>, Fr. Smaller. At first lilac and silky.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_186" id="Page_186">[Pg 186]</a></span></p> +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills with veil and stem more or less violet.</i></div> + +<p><b>violaceus</b>, L. P. 7-14 cm. very fleshy, dark violet, with downy +scales; g. broad, thick, distant, dark; s. 6-9 cm. bulbous, spongy, +downy, greyish violet; sp. 12-14 × 9-10.</p> + +<p>Dark violet both outside and inside.</p> + +<p><b>cyanites</b>, Fr. P. 6-10 cm. obtuse silky, even, pale blue; g. at +first clear blue; s. 7-12 cm. blue, bulbous, with red juice; sp. +10 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>major</i>, Fr. P. and s. slowly becoming reddish; g. dark +blue-grey.</p> + +<p>[<b>calopus</b>, Karst. P. convex, exp. even, hoary, silky-lilac near +edge at first, then more or less rusty; g. adnate, at first pale +cinnamon, entire; s. solid, equal, base thickened, usually curved, +purple-lilac then pale, floccosely-scaly then pale; sp. 7-8 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>muricinus</b>, Fr. P. 7-10 cm. obtuse, rufous violet, edge fibrillose; +g. rather crowded; s. 6-7 cm. bulbous, juiceless, downy, purplish +violet; sp. 8-9 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>Flesh sky-blue then whitish.</p> + +<p>[<b>cinereo-violaceus</b>, Fr. P. obtuse, violet then umber, squamulosely +punctate; g. adnate, purple-umber; s. clavato-bulbous, firm, +juiceless, reddish violet then pallid.</p> + +<p><b>albo-violaceus</b>, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. convex, silky, at length broadly +gibbous, whitish violet; g. serrulate, greyish violet; s. 4-5 cm. +clavate, whitish violet, with a median ring-like zone; sp. 12 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>malachius</b>, Fr. P. 4-5 cm. pale lilac then brownish, tan when +dry, white-fibrillose at first; g. crowded, pale purple then rusty; +s. 7-10 cm. bulbous, bluish-peronate; sp. 10-12 × 6-7.</p> + +<p><b>camphoratus</b>, Fr. Smell strong. P. 5-8 cm. obtuse, lilac, +silky, then whitish or yellowish, flesh blue; g. clear blue then +purplish; s. 7-12 cm. bulbous, juiceless, bluish from the cortina, +inside the base white; sp. 9 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>hircinus</b>, Fr. Smell strong, foetid. P. 4-5 cm. obtuse or +gibbous, with adpr. silky violet fibrils then pale, disc glabrous +becoming rusty; g. broad, violet then cinnamon; s. 4-5 cm. bulbous, +juiceless, violet then pallid, base yellowish inside; sp. ——.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">*** <i>Gills and veil cinnamon, red or ochre.</i></div> + +<p><b>traganus</b>, Fr. Smell strong, foetid. P. 5-7 cm. obtuse, lilac-fibrillose +then pale; g. thick, crenate, at first saffron-ochre; s. 7-12 +cm. bulbous, spongy, tinged violet, inside saffron; sp. 9-10 × 6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>finitimus</i>, Weinm. Smell not so foetid as in type; s. yellowish +and mottled inside.</p> + +<p><b>tophaceus</b>, Fr. P. 7-9 cm. obtuse, tawny-ochre, villosely scaly, +flesh white; g. emarginate, tawny cinnamon; s. 5-7 cm. villoso-scaly, +yellowish; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p>Entirely ochraceous or yellow.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_187" id="Page_187">[Pg 187]</a></span></p><p>var. <i>redemitus</i>, Fr. P. slender, at length broadly gibbous, golden-yellow, +with darker adpressed fibrils; s. fibrillosely striate, base +slightly thickened.</p> + +<p><b>suillus</b>, Fr. P. 7-9 cm. obtuse, brick-red then paler, margin +silky then innately squamulose; g. adnate, broad, opaque, tan; +s. 7-9 cm. clavate, spongy, adpressedly woolly below, middle fibrillose, +apex silky, even, violet; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Gills fragile, connected by veins at base.</p> + +<p><b>callisteus</b>, Fr. P. 4-5 cm. convexo-plane, tawny-yellow, nearly +glabrous, even, innately squamulose, flesh yellowish; g. adnate, +floccosely connected behind; s. 7-11 cm. bulbous, tawny fibrillose; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>Bulliardi</b>, Fr. Smell strong. P. 3-7 cm. campan.-convex, subgibbous, +even, or squamulose, rufescent; g. adnexed, broad, rusty-purplish; +s. 4-6 cm. bulbous, short, firm, vermilion fibrillose below, +apex whitish; sp. 8-10 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>vinosus</b>, Cke. P. 5-7 cm. subgl. then exp. vinous red, smooth, +even, shining; g. adnexed, ventricose, rusty tan; s. 5-8 cm. +thickened abruptly into a reddish marginate bulb, pale violet above; +sp. 16-18 × 8.</p> + +<p>[<b>pavonius</b>, Fr. P. convex, obtuse, broken up into broad vermilion +scales; g. violet then cinnamon; s. solid, short, bulbous, with rufous +fibrils.</p> + +<p><b>bolaris</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. exp. obsoletely umb. reddish-yellow, +variegated with saffron-red, innate, pilose adpressed scales, then pale; +g. subdecur. crowded; s. 5-7 cm. stuffed then hollow, nearly equal, +scaly, colour of p.; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>craticus</b>, Fr. P. fleshy, campan.-exp. obtusely umb. covered +with reddish brick-coloured, innate interwoven fibrils; g. crowded; +s. solid, narrowed upwards, glabrous, reddish below, becoming pale, +base tomentose.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">**** <i>Gills and veil dusky, fuscous, or olive.</i></div> + +<p><b>pholideus</b>, Fr. P. 4-9 cm. exp. obtusely umb. fawn, densely +squamulose with blackish fascicles of hairs; g. violet then tan; +s. 6-9 cm. with dusky squarrose squamules up to ring, apex even, +violet; sp. 5 × 3-4.</p> + +<p><b>sublanatus</b>, Fr. Smell resembling radishes. P. 6-9 cm. campan.-exp. +umb. brownish tan, with innate pilose squamules; g. olive +then yellowish; s. 6-7 cm. attenuated from a bulbous base, glabrous +and pallid above, squamulose with fuscous down below; sp. 14-16 +× 8-9.</p> + +<p><b>phrygianus</b>, Fr. Smell like radishes. P. 5-7 cm. obtuse, honey +colour, hispid with crowded simple black fibrils; g. dingy yellow; +s. bulbous, with a lax reticulation of black fibrils; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>arenatus</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. convex, gibbous at first, reddish +tawny, granular with floccose squamules; g. yellowish tan; s. 6-7 +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_188" id="Page_188">[Pg 188]</a></span>cm. brownish squamulose above the middle, apex even, pallid; +sp. 7 × 5.</p> + +<p><i>C. phrygianus</i> differs in blackish squamules of p. and s. and +strong smell of radishes. Both are often tinged olive when young.</p> + +<p>[<b>melanotus</b>, Kalchbr. P. convex, yellow, covered with minute, +adpressed, blackish-olive scales, flesh olive-yellow; g. yellowish +cinnamon; s. solid, narrowed upwards, yellowish, with small umber +scales up to ring.</p> + +<p><b>penicillatus</b>, Fr. P. 3-4 cm. convex, umb. rusty-brown, densely +floccose with innate scales; g. dusky brown; s. 4-7 cm. slender, +equal, with adpressed rusty-brown scales; sp. 8-9 × 5.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">IV. <span class="smcap">Dermocybe</span>.<br /> + +<i>Flesh of pileus thin, everywhere equal, at first downy or +subinnately silky, but glabrous when adult, dry, not +hygr.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Gills at first whitish or pallid.</i></div> + +<p><b>ochroleucus</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. gibbous then obtuse, even, pallid +white; g. crowded becoming ochre-tan; s. 4-7 cm. solid, firm, +ventricose, white; sp. 8 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>decumbens</b>, Fr. P. 3-4 cm. exp. even, white then yellowish, +shining; g. tan from first; s. 3-4 cm. hollow, clavato-bulbous, +ascending, pallid; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>riculatus</b>, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. exp. gibbous, yellowish, with adpressed +silky bloom, becoming whitish, disc naked; g. adnate; +s. 5-7 cm. hollow, pallid, base thickened.</p> + +<p><b>tabularis</b>, Fr. P. 6-9 cm. soon plane, flocculose then almost +glabrous, brownish tan then pale; g. emarginate; s. 5-7 cm. white, +adpressedly fibrilloso-scaly then almost glabrous; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>ochrophyllus</b>, Fr. P. exp. dry, glabrous, brownish olive then +pale; g. ochre then tan; s. solid, pallid, variegated with darker +adpressed scales.</p> + +<p><b>camarus</b>, Fr. Fragile. P. 5-7 cm. gibbous, hoary brown then +pale; g. subadnate; s. 5-7 cm. partly hollow, equal, curved, inside +and outside white, apex silvery shining; sp. 8-9 × 6-7.</p> + +<p><b>diabolicus</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. hemispher. obtuse then gibbous, +fuscescent with a grey bloom, then glabrous and tawny yellow; +g. subemarginately adnexed; s. 6-7 cm. glabrous, pallid, apex grey; +sp. 10-12 × 7.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills at first violet then purplish.</i></div> + +<p><b>caninus</b>, Fr. P. 5-9 cm. exp. nearly glabrous, rufous-brick-red, +tawny when dry; g. broad, purple then cinnamon; s. 5-7 cm. +clavately bulbous, subperonate, pallid, apex violet; sp. 8 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_189" id="Page_189">[Pg 189]</a></span></p><p><b>myrtillinus</b>, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. gibbous then flattened, sooty, +hoary with white fibrils; g. rather distant, amethyst-blue then bluish +tan; s. 4-5 cm. bulbous silky, not zoned, whitish; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p>Apex of stem violet; no purple in g.</p> + +<p><b>azureus</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. silky or atomate shining, hoary lilac; +g. clear blue-violet; s. 4-7 cm. glabrous, slightly striate, base +thickened, downy, whitish; sp. 9 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>albocyaneus</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. exp. hoary silky then glabrous, +white then yellowish; g. broad, crowded, bluish purple then subochre; +s. 6-9 cm. subclavate, naked, whitish; sp. 6-10 × 4-7.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. anomalus</i> in clavate s. and flattened p.</p> + +<p><b>anomalus</b>, Fr. P. 2.5-5 cm. obtuse then gibbous, sooty-rufous, +hoary fibrillose then glabrous and tawny; g. crowded, bluish-purple +then cinnamon; s. 5-7 cm. thin, attenuated, fibrillose, somewhat +scaly, violet then pallid; sp. 8-9 × 7.</p> + +<p><b>spilomeus</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. exp. gibbous, dry, fuscous then tan; +g. crowded, narrow; s. 4-5 cm. whitish lilac variegated with tawny +rufous scales; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. anomalus</i> in scaly stem.</p> + +<p><b>lepidopus</b>, Cke. P. 2-4 cm. exp. gibbous, umber with a tinge +of violet at edge, becoming rufescent; g. adnate, violet then cinnamon; +s. 6-9 cm. narrowed upwards, rather wavy, whitish or tinged +lilac, with concentric darker zones; sp. 9 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>Lebretonii</b>, Q. P. lilac then fawn; s. lilac, dotted with saffron +flecks.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">*** <i>Gills shining cinnamon, red, or yellow. Stem and +fibrillose cortina coloured.</i></div> + +<p><b>miltinus</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. convex, bay-cinnamon, soon very +glabrous and shining; g. adnate, narrow, crowded, rusty; s. 5-7 cm. +equally narrowed upwards, cinnamon, reddish-fibrillose; sp. 6 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>cinnabarinus</b>, Fr. Smell strong, like radishes. Every part +crimson-lake. P. 2-5 cm. obtuse, silky then almost glabrous, +shining; g. adnate, broad, rather distant, darker; s. 3-5 cm. +fibrillose; sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. sanguineus</i> in stuffed s., radishy smell, and broad +gills with an olive tinge.</p> + +<p><b>sanguineus</b>, Fr. Entirely blood-red. P. 2-5 cm. obtuse, +innately silky or squamulose; g. crowded, broadish; s. 3-5 cm. +stuffed then hollow, thin, equal; sp. 6-7 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>anthracinus</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-3 cm. convex exp. umb. somewhat +chestnut; g. adnate, crowded, scarlet, blood-red when bruised; +s. 4-5 cm. fibrillose, deep blood-red; sp. 7 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>cinnamomeus</b>, Fr. P. 2.5-5 cm. obtuse, umb. somewhat cinnamon +with yellowish innate fibrils; g. adnate, broad, crowded, shining, +yellowish; s. 4-9 cm. equal, with flesh and veil yellowish; sp. +7-8 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_190" id="Page_190">[Pg 190]</a></span></p><p>var. <i>croceus</i>, Fr. Smaller. P. subsquamulose, sometimes tinged +olive; g. less crowded, yellowish and sometimes olive, as is also +the s.</p> + +<p>var. <i>semisanguineus</i>, Fr. G. blood-red or orange-red.</p> + +<p><b>uliginosus</b>, B. P. 2-3 cm. conico-campan. then exp. strongly +umb. bright red-brown or brick-red, flesh olive-yellow; g. adnate, +yellow, olive, tan; s. 4-9 cm. flexuous, paler than p.; sp. 7 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>croceoconus</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. conico-campan. persistently acute, +tawny cinnamon; g. linear, crowded; s. 4-7 cm. slender, flexuous, +hollow; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>orellanus</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. obtusely umb. villosely squamulose +or fibrillose orange-tawny, flesh reddish; g. adfixed, broad; s. 3-5 +cm. solid, fibrillosely striate, tawny; sp. 6-7 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. cinnamomeus</i> in solid stem and reddish flesh.</p> + +<p><b>malicorius</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. exp. obtuse, velvety-fibrillose, +tawny-golden, flesh splitting, yellow then olive-green; g. crowded, +tawny orange, edge becoming flocculose; s. 4-5 cm. hollow, fibrillose, +golden; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. cinnamomeus</i> in persistently hollow s. golden +then olive-brown; flesh yellow then greenish- or golden-olive.</p> + +<p><b>infucatus</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. convex, obtuse, bright yellow; g. +adnate, crowded, tawny then cinnamon; s. 4-5 cm. narrowed from +clavate base, fibrillose, whitish or yellowish; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>fucatophyllus</b>, Lasch. P. acutely umb. fibrillosely scaly, brownish; +g. broad, yellow with crimson spots, denticulate; s. fibrillose, +yellowish, veil reddish.</p> + +<p><b>colymbadinus</b>, Fr. P. subgibbous, with seceding yellow fibrils, +yellowish; flesh splitting, yellowish; g. rather distant, broad, thick, +rusty, edge white-floccose; s. equal, fibrillosely striate, naked, pallid.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">**** <i>Becoming olivaceous. Veil dingy, pallid or tinged +fuscous. Pileus not broken up into scales.</i></div> + +<p><b>cotoneus</b>, Fr. P. 5-8 cm. olivaceous, campan. exp. bullate, +wavy, innately velvety; g. olive then brownish tan; s. 5-8 cm. +solid, base thickened, pale olive, veil forming a fuscous zone; sp. +10-11 × 8.</p> + +<p><b>subnotatus</b>, Fr. P. 6-9 cm. campan. then exp. olive then +fuscous, at first clothed with superficial hoary squamules, soon +glabrous; g. yellowish then olive tan; s. 6-9 cm. conical, squamulose +with yellowish fragments of veil, apex glabrous, shining; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>valgus</b>, Fr. Fragile. P. 5-7 cm. convex, subgibbous, almost +glabrous, olive then brick-red, edge submembranaceous; g. dingy +yellow red then brick-red; s. 7-12 cm. twisted, naked, pallid, +shining, apex striate, tinged violet, bulb with white down, rooting; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>raphanoides</b>, Fr. Smell strong, like radishes. P. 2-5 cm. +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_191" id="Page_191">[Pg 191]</a></span>campan. then exp. gibbous, silky with innate fibrils, olive then tawny; +g. olive then cinnamon; s. 5-7 cm. firm, fibrillose, paler; sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>depexus</b>, Fr. P. thin, convex then plane, brick-red becoming +pale; g. adnate, yellowish then cinnamon, opaque; s. equal, fibrillosely +striate, pallid.</p> + +<p><b>venetus</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. thin, convex then exp. silky-villose, +olive then yellowish, opaque; g. broad, veined, yellowish-olive then +olive-cinnamon; s. 4-7 cm. fibrilloso-striate, with the veil colour of +p.; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p>P. obtusely umb. sea-green or clear yellow-green as is the flesh.</p> + +<p>[<b>olivascens</b>, Karst. P. thin, edge submembr. firm, equal, convex +then plane, even, glabrous, olive; s. pallid, fibrillose, ring fugacious; +g. adnexed, very broad tawny rusty; sp. 7-10 × 3-4.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">V. <span class="smcap">Telamonia</span>.<br /> + +<i>Pileus hygr. at first glabrous or with whitish superficial +fibrils. Flesh entirely thin or the margin abruptly so, +splitting. Universal veil peronate or forming a ring +low on the stem; apex somewhat cortinate, hence the +veil is somewhat duplex.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <span class="smcap">Platyphilli</span>. <i>Gills very broad, thickish, more or less +distant. Stem spongy or entirely fibrous.</i></div> + +<p class="center">(Colour when dry given in brackets.)</p> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Stem and veil white or whitish.</i></div> + +<p><b>macropus</b>, Fr. P. 6-7 cm. convex, incurved, then exp. hoary +with minute squamules, brick-red then rusty; g. distant, very broad; +s. 7-14 cm. equal, fibrillose, whitish, ring distant; sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>testaceo-canescens</b>, F. P. convex, brick-red, with greyish +squamules; g. emarginato-adnate; s. rigid, equal, silky-shining.</p> + +<p><b>laniger</b>, Fr. P. 6-7 cm. exp. woolly with white superficial +scales, then glabrous and bright or dusky tawny; g. saffron-tawny; +s. white, peronate up to distinct ring, veil shining white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>bivelus</b>, Fr. P. 3-7 cm. convexo-exp. glabrous, tawny brick-red; +g. adnate, bright tawny cinnamon; s. 6-7 cm. subbulbous, +dingy white, peronate, ring spurious, fugacious; sp. 10 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>bulbosus</b>, Fr. P. 6-7 cm. campan. exp. glabrous, bay (dusky +brick-red) disc subgibbous; g. adnate, opaque; s. 5-7 cm. stout, +bulbous, pallid, peronate with white veil up to ring; sp. 8 × 3-4.</p> + +<p><b>urbicus</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. convexo-plane, glabrous, silvery white; +g. emarginate, broad; s. 4-5 cm. equal, peronate, white and downy +above ring; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>licinipes</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. convex then exp. umb. glabrous, +yellowish red; g. adnate, very broad; s. 8-12 cm. pallid floccose +with white scales; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_192" id="Page_192">[Pg 192]</a></span></p><p><b>microcyclus</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. thin, plano-convex, fuscous brick-red +then pale; g. adnate, very broad, lilac then cinnamon; s. 3-5 +cm. narrowed from base, pallid, white annular zone evident; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. decipiens</i> in somewhat bulbous stem and white +annular zone.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Stem and gills violet.</i> Cortina usually white with +a violet tinge, but universal veil white.</div> + +<p><b>torvus</b>, Fr. P. 5-12 cm. convex-exp. obtuse, bay or tinged +violet at first then brick-red, hoary with fibrillose squamules then +almost glabrous; g. thick, distant, very broad, purplish umber then +cinnamon; s. 7-12 cm. bulbous then elongated and equal, vaginate +with the white persistent veil, apex violet cortinate; sp. 12 × 7-8. +Flesh usually bored by larvae.</p> + +<p><b>impennis</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. fleshy, convex, obtuse, rigid, glabrous, +somewhat brick-red then pale; g. thick, distant, violet, +purplish, then cinnamon; s. 4-7 cm. rather bulbous, pallid, imperfect +ring and apex violet, whitish cortinate, solid; sp. 10-11 × 7.</p> + +<p><b>lucorum</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. even bay brick-red when moist; +g. emarginate, cinnamon with a fugacious tinge of flesh-colour violet; +s. 4-5 cm. clavate, very fibrillose, one colour, becoming pale; sp. +10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>plumiger</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. conico-campan. gibbous, brownish-olive, +densely covered with white feathery flecks; g. crowded, broad, +edge entire, coloured like rest; s. 6-9 cm. clavato-bulbous, floccose, +pale; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>scutulatus</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. ovate, exp. obtuse, purplish umber +(brick-red) silky white round edge at first, then broken up into +squamules; g. adnate, violet purple; s. 6-9 cm. solid, rigid, rather +bulbous, outside and inside dusky violet, peronate and more or less +ringed white; sp. 7 × 3.</p> + +<p><b>evernius</b>, Fr. P. 5-9 cm. conico-campan. exp. glabrous, +purplish bay (brick-red and hoary) at length torn into fibrils; g. +adnate, very broad, violet purple; s. 7-14 cm. cylindrical, soft, +violet, obsoletely ringed from the veil; sp. 10 × 7.</p> + +<p><b>quadricolor</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. conical then exp. whitish yellow +(becoming tawny) edge radiato-striate; g. adnate, broad, serrate, +purplish then cinnamon; s. 6-7 cm. stuffed then hollow, equal, thin, +whitish violet, veil forming an oblique white zone; sp. 10-11 × 6-7.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">+++ <i>Stem and veil reddish or yellowish. Gills tawny or +cinnamon, not violet nor becoming brown.</i></div> + +<p><b>armillatus</b>, Fr. P. 6-9 cm. campan. exp. soon innately fibrillose +and torn into squamules, reddish brick-colour; g. very broad, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_193" id="Page_193">[Pg 193]</a></span>distant; s. 8-12 cm. solid, bulbous, rufescent, with two or three red +zones; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. hematochelis</i> in distant gills, and more than one +red zone on stem.</p> + +<p><b>haematochelis</b>, Bull. P. 6-9 cm. gibbous, silky fibrillose, +brownish brick-red (pallid); g. adnate, crowded, rather narrow; +s. 8-11 cm. solid, narrowed upwards, with one red zone; sp. +10 × 7-8.</p> + +<p>[<b>paragaudis</b>, Fr. P. campan. exp. umb. bay (tawny tan); g. +adnexed, ventricose; s. elongated, twisted, pale red, peronate with +adpressed fibrillose reddish squamules.</p> + +<p>var. <i>praestigiosus</i>, Fr. P. thin, striate, silky-fibrous towards +edge; s. hollow, equal, slender; g. thin, distant, tawny cinnamon.</p> + +<p><b>croceofulvus</b>, Fr. P. 4-9 cm. exp. umb. even, tawny orange; +g. adnate, rusty; s. 6-9 cm. solid, equal, reddish-yellow, with a +narrow orange zone; sp. 8-10 × 6. Flesh yellow.</p> + +<p><b>limonius</b>, Fr. P. 5-9 cm. convexo-plane, obtuse, glabrous, +tawny (yellowish ochre), at length squamulose; g. rather distant, +yellow then tawny cinnamon; s. 6-7 cm. solid, firm, floccosely +squamulose, colour of p.; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Base of s. becoming deep saffron.</p> + +<p>[<b>arenarius</b>, Q. P. pruinose, ochraceous-fawn; g. pale fuscescent; +s. rooting, fibrillosely floccose, sulphur.</p> + +<p><b>helvolus</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. incurved then exp. glabrous, hygr. +tawny-rusty then cracked umbo obtuse, vanishing; g. very broad, +thick; s. 10-18 cm. attenuated, veil silky, almost smooth, peronate, +terminated by a rusty edged annular zone; sp. 6 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>hinnuleus</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. thin, conico-campan. exp. subumb. +glabrous, pallid tawny-cinnamon (somewhat tawny); g. distant, broad, +quite entire, tawny cinnamon; s. 6-9 cm. rigid, somewhat tawny, +narrowed below, white silky veil almost smooth forming a pallid zone +at apex; sp. 10-12 × 7-8.</p> + +<p><b>gentilis</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5, conico-exp. acutely umb. even, glabrous +then cracked, tawny cinnamon (yellow); g. adnate, thick, very distant, +entire, edge coloured like rest; s. 6-9 cm. slender, equal, scaly, tawny +cinnamon, scales and oblique ring, yellow; sp. 7-8 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>helvelloides</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5, thin, subconvex, obsoletely umb. +rusty (tawny then pale), then cracked; g. adnate, violet-umber then +cinnamon, edge floccose, white; s. 4-7 cm. slender, undulate, +silky fibrillose, with the imperfect ring and veil yellowish; sp. +7 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>rubellus</b>, Cke. P. 4-7 cm. campan. then exp. rufous orange +umbo darkest, flesh reddish-ochre; g. adnate, sinuate, bright rusty-red; +s. 6-9 cm. pale above, dark below, with darker concentric +bands; sp. 8 × 5.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_194" id="Page_194">[Pg 194]</a></span></p> +</li><li><div class="key">++++ <i>Stem fuscescent, veil fuscous or dingy, gills dusky.</i> +[Species of <i>Inoloma</i> and <i>Dermocybe</i> are often peronately +ringed, but the pileus is not hygr. and scaly or +silky at first.]</div> + +<p><b>bovinus</b>, Fr. P. 6-11 cm. convexo-plane, even, glabrous, watery +cinnamon (somewhat tawny); g. very broad; s. 6-7 cm. stout, +spongily bulbous, greyish then fuscous-cinnamon, whitish above +fuscous zone; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>nitrosus</b>, Cke. Stinking. P. 4-7 cm. obtuse, exp. edge +wavy, fawn or tawny, disc darker, soon breaking up into darker, +minute concentric scales; g. violet then dilute cinnamon; s. 4-7 cm. +equal, ochre, base darker, with dark concentric squamules; sp. +12 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>brunneus</b>, Fr. P. 6-9 cm. campan. exp. umber (reddish tan +dingy), naked, broken up into innate fibrils near edge, umbo fleshy, +obtuse; g. adnate, thick, distant, purplish then umber-cinnamon; +s. 7-9 cm. narrowed upwards, elastic, fuscescent, white-striate, veil +forming a brownish white zone; sp. 10-12 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>disjungendus</b>, Karst. P. convex, gibbous, even, glabrous, +tawny umber, white-striate; g. adnate at first, distant; s. solid, +equal, base thickened and radiating, dingy, curved; sp. 10-17 +× 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>injucundus</b>, Weinm. P. 6-9 cm. compact, convexo-plane, obtuse, +fuscous-cinnamon, fibrillose; g. very broad, lilac then tan; s. 6-9 +cm. solid, clavate, colour of p. then tawny-yellow, fibrils and veil +fuscous; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>brunneofulvus</b>, Fr. P. 4-5 cm. thin, campan. exp. subumb. +even, innately fibrillose, virgate, tawny cinnamon, edge at first white-fibrillose; +g. adnate, very broad, opaque; s. 6-9 cm. narrowed from +base, fibrillosely striate, fuscescent, at length pale tawny outside and +inside; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>glandicolor</b>, Fr. Entirely umber. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. exp. umb. +hoary-fuscous when dry; g. adnate, broad, distant, entire; s. 7-11 +cm. equal, slender, straight, veil forming a distant white zone; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>var. <i>curta</i>, Fr. S. 2-3 cm. long, wavy, peronate with white veil, +cingulate, umbo blackish.</p> + +<p><b>punctatus</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. thin, conico-convex, glabrous, +hoary-umber (tan), at length even; g. adnate, very distant, entire, +brownish-cinnamon; s. 4-7 cm. slender, undulate, fibrillosely striate, +brownish-yellow, a zone formed by the fugacious pale fuscous veil; +sp. 7 × 4.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_195" id="Page_195">[Pg 195]</a></span></p> +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">** <span class="smcap">Leptophylli</span>. <i>Gills narrow, thin, more or less +crowded. Pileus thin. Stem somewhat cartilaginous +and rigid outside, stuffed or hollow, often narrowed +below.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Stem whitish or pallid, floccosely scaly.</i></div> + +<p><b>triformis</b>, Fr. P. 4-9 cm. convexo-plane, subumb. hygr. opaque, +almost glabrous, yellow-brown; g. subadnate; s. 6-7 cm. clavate, +almost glabrous, pallid, ring white; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>melleopallens</i>, Fr. P. dingy honey-colour; s. yellowish then +pallid, becoming hollow, ring interwoven.</p> + +<p>var. <i>fuscopallens</i>, Fr. P. umb. fuscescent then pallid; g. narrow, +watery white.</p> + +<p><b>biformis</b>, Fr. P. 3-7 cm. conico-campan. exp. glabrous, shining, +rusty bay, umbo fleshy, prominent; g. adnate, crenulate; s. 5-9 cm. +base narrowed, fibrillosely striate, pale, ring oblique, white; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>fallax</b>, Q. P. thin, becoming pallid; g. pallid then ochre; s. +wavy, slender, pallid, apex blue, ring white, fugacious.</p> + +<p>[<b>Lindgrenii</b>, Fr. P. exp. obtuse, glabrous, rusty (ochre-tan), +then wavy; g. crowded, watery cinnamon; s. short, adpressedly +silky, whitish, ring subapical, reflexed.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Stem violet.</i></div> + +<p><b>periscelis</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. campan. then convex, lilac, white-silky, +umbo fleshy, rest very thin; g. adnate, crowded, narrow; s. +7-9 cm. fibrillose, colour of p. interwoven brownish veil subannulate; +sp. 7-8 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>Usually several imperfect brownish rings on s.</p> + +<p>[<b>bibulus</b>, Q. Greyish-lilac; p. ellipsoid, moist, fibrillosely silky; +g. dusky violet; s. slender, covered with curled white flecks.</p> + +<p><b>flexipes</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. conical then exp. acutely umb. +violet then brownish cinnamon (reddish tan) fibrillosely hoary; g. +adnate, broad, umber-violet then tan; s. 7-9 cm. wavy, subundulate, +fibrillosely scaly, apex violet, veil white, subannulate; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>flabellus</b>, Fr. Smell strong, like radishes. P. 2-3 cm. conical, +exp. obtusely umb. fuscous-olive (tan) hoary fibrillose; g. adnate, +connected by veins, linear, olive then rusty; s. 6-9 cm. wavy, +floccosely scaly pallid, scales and ring white; sp. ——.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">+++ <i>Stem and pileus tawny or rusty.</i></div> + +<p><b>psammocephalus</b>, Fr. Every part tawny cinnamon, inside also; +p. 2-3 cm. convexo-exp. then umb. scurfily-scaly; g. adnate, +arcuate, crowded; s. 3-4 cm. narrowed, squamulosely peronate +from the contiguous veil; sp. 6 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>incisus</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. conico-convex, exp. umb. naked but +soon innately fibrillosely scaly, hygr. rusty (tawny); g. adnate; s. +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_196" id="Page_196">[Pg 196]</a></span>2-3 cm. equal, fibroso-fibrillose, rusty, ring of white veil almost +obsolete; sp. 5 × 3.</p> + +<p><b>iliopodius</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. convex, subumb. silkily hoary then +almost glabrous, reddish yellow (tan), at length rimose; g. adnate; +s. 6-9 cm. equal, thin tawny (inside and outside), peronate with +even pallid veil, naked and fibrillose above ring; sp. 7-8 × 4.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++++ <i>Stem floccosely scaly, and like pileus fuscescent.</i></div> + +<p><b>hemitrichus</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. convex then plane, umb. fuscous +(fuscous tan), silky towards the margin with white curled fibrils; g. +adnate, crowded; s. 3-4 cm. hollow, subequal, pale fuscous, veil +white, floccose, as also is ring; sp. 6-7 × 3-4.</p> + +<p><b>stemmatus</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. convex, exp. obtuse, bay, hoary-silky +near the edge, fibrillose and pale when dry; g. adnate, crowded, +bay; s. 5-7 cm. floccosely scaly, subannulate, rusty-bay; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. uraceus</i> in squamulose s.</p> + +<p><b>rigidus</b>, Fr. Strong scented. P. 1-3 cm. conico-convex, umb. +glabrous, shining, bay (reddish); g. adnate, broad; s. 5-9 cm. +equal, wavy, paler than p., veil white-squamulose, cingulate; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>paleaceus</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. conico-exp. umb. rather fuscous +(tan), silky with white downy squamules; g. adnate, truly crowded, +whitish then tan; s. 5-7 cm. wavy, undulate, whitish-squamulose, +apex with whitish ring; sp. 7-8 × 3.</p> + +<p><b>iris</b>, Massee. P. 2-3 cm. hemispher. then exp. acutely umb. +pale brown-ochre, silky, white-fibrillose; g. much cut out behind, +orange-brown, edge entire; s. 5-7 cm. conical, solid, orange-brown +and squamulose below ring, smooth and violet at first above ring; sp. +10 × 5.</p> + +</li></ol></li></ol></li><li><div class="key">VI. <span class="smcap">Hydrocybe</span>.<br /> + +<i>Pileus glabrous or covered with superficial white fibrils, not +viscid but moist when growing, discoloured when dry; +flesh very thin, splitting, disc rarely compact. Stem +rather rigid, not peronate; veil thin, fibrillose, rarely +collapsing and forming an irreg. zone.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <span class="smcap">Firmiores</span>. <i>Pileus rather fleshy, convex then campan.-convex, +expanded, obtuse or at length gibbous, edge at +first incurved. Stem generally narrowed upwards.</i></div> + +<p class="center">(Colour when dry given in brackets.)</p> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Stem and veil white.</i></div> + +<p><b>firmus</b>, Fr. P. 6-7 cm. exp. obtuse, glabrous, rusty ochre, flesh +compact, white; g. crowded; s. 6-8 cm. solid, stout, rather bulbous, +white, veil rusty; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. subferrugineus</i> by clear colour of p. and white s.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_197" id="Page_197">[Pg 197]</a></span></p><p><b>subferrugineus</b>, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. exp. yellowish brick-red +becoming rusty, subhygr.; g. scarcely crowded, broad, opaque, rusty; +s. 6-8 cm. solid, spongy, rigid outside, subbulbous, white then +dingy; sp. 8-10 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>armeniacus</b>, Fr. P. 4-9 cm. exp. gibbous, glabrous, tawny +cinnamon (yellowish tan), shining; g. adnate, crowded; s. 5-7 cm. +conical, rigid, subperonate, white; sp. 8-9 × 5.</p> + +<p>var. <i>falsarius</i>, Fr. P. yellow, white when dry.</p> + +<p>[<b>umbilicatus</b>, Karst. P. convexo-plane, minutely umbil. undulate, +obtuse, even, glabrous, brown-bay; g. very broad, cinnamon; s. +equal, base thickened, whitish; sp. 6-6.5 × 4-4.5.</p> + +<p><b>damascenus</b>, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. thin, exp. bay-cinnamon (brick-red, +rivulose); g. adnate, crowded; s. 5-7 cm. solid, firm, cylindrical, +whitish; 12 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>privignus</b>, Fr. P. 4-5 cm. exp. gibbous, glabrous, pallid +fuscous, silvery-hoary (tan then pallid); g. adnate, serrate; s. +6-7 cm. fragile, silvery white; sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>duracinus</b>, Fr. P. 3-6 cm. rigid, exp. gibbous, watery brick-red +(tan, opaque), edge strongly incurved, silky; g. adnate, thin; +s. 3-5 cm. rigid, unequal, rooting, glabrous, white; sp. 5 × 3.</p> + +<p>[<b>candelaris</b>, Fr. P. conico-campan. obtuse, glabrous, reddish +dun (tawny, shining) edge slightly incurved white-silky; g. adnato-decur.; +s. rigid, yellowish white, rooting.</p> + +<p><b>illuminus</b>, Fr. P. 3-7 cm. exp. gibbous, glabrous, tawny brick-red +(brick-red, tan) edge thin; g. adnate; s. 5-9 cm. partly hollow, +pallid becoming rusty; sp. 11-12 × 6-7.</p> + +<p><b>tortuosus</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. exp. glabrous, even, shining, rusty +bay (brick-red); g. adnate, tawny blood-red or purplish when touched; +s. somewhat twisted, silvery; sp. 15-16 × 8.</p> + +<p><b>dilutus</b>, Fr. P. 4-5 cm. exp. subumb. glabrous, even, opaque, +reddish dun (tan); g. broad, crowded; s. 4-7 cm. soft, pallid, base +thickened; sp. 6 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>erugatus</b>, Weinm. P. exp. subumb. even, nearly glabrous, +shining, ochraceous, brick-red; g. subadnate, crowded; s. elongated, +thinner upwards, fibrillosely striate, pallid.</p> + +<p>[<b>Hoeftii</b>, Fr. P. exp. obtuse, watery brick-red (tan, opaque), +with a silky bloom; g. adnate, crowded, connected by veins; s. subfistulose, +equal, silvery.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Stem and gills usually violet.</i> In certain sp. of preceding +section there is an ephemeral tinge of violet +at apex of stem.</div> + +<p>[<b>livor</b>, Fr. P. exp. obtuse, glabrous, dusky olive then tan; +g. emarginate, crowded, broad, semicircular, watery cinnamon; +s. narrowed from subbulbous base, short, violet; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>saturninus</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. campan. exp. glabrous, moist, +dusky bay (brick-red), with white silky veil round edge; g. adnexed, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_198" id="Page_198">[Pg 198]</a></span>crowded, purplish then rusty; s. 4-7 cm. violet, base thickened; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>imbutus</b>, Fr. P. 5-9 cm. convex, obtuse, glabrous, gilvous +becoming pale, edge subfibrillose; g. adnate, rather distant, broad, +greyish-violet then cinnamon; s. 4-7 cm. whitish, apex violet; sp. +7-8 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>cypriacus</b>, Fr. P. almost membranaceous, campan. exp. +gibbous, glabrous, cinnamon (tawny); g. crowded; s. colour of p., +striate with adpr. fibrils.</p> + +<p>[<b>plumbosus</b>, Fr. P. convex, plane, umb. moist, blackish lead-colour, +then paler and with satiny sheen near edge; g. olive-violet +then cinnamon; s. hollow, attenuated upwards, violet then pallid.</p> + +<p>[<b>sciophyllus</b>, Fr. P. thin, convex, exp. deep bluish fuscous +(bluish), silky-white round edge at first; g. adnate, dusky umber; +s. solid, violet, narrowed from thickened base.</p> + +<p><b>castaneus</b>, Bull. P. 2-3 cm. campan. exp. gibbous, even, +chestnut (shining); g. violet then rusty; s. 2-3 cm. cartilaginous, +violet or pallid reddish, stuffed then hollow; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>bicolor</b>, Cke. P. 3-5 cm. campan. exp. umb. dingy white or +tinged lilac; g. adnate, purplish violet then tan; s. 4-5 cm. pale +violet then pale, solid; sp. 12-14 × 6-7.</p> + +<p><b>balaustinus</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. exp. obtuse, virgate, rusty rufous +(tawny brick-red, shining); g. adnate, broad rusty rufous; s. 5-7 cm. +conical, pallid, then rusty outside and in; sp. 8 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>colus</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. convex, subgibbous, glabrous, rufous brown +(paler and shining); g. adnate, dusky cinnamon; s. 7-9 cm. fibrillosely +striate with fiery-saffron mycelium; sp. 9 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>isabellinus</b>, Fr. P. 4-5 cm. subumb. honey-colour, glabrous +(yellowish and shining); g. adnate, yellow then tan; s. 7-9 cm. rigid, +striate, yellowish; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>renidens</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. exp. even, glabrous, shining, tawny +(ochre); g. crowded, tawny; s. 2-4 cm. equal and with fibrous veil, +yellow; sp. 8-10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>angulosus</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. exp. wavy, hygr. reddish tawny +(ochre, opaque); g. adnate, thickish, distant, tawny; s. 3-4 cm. +equal, twisted, rather tawny; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>var. <i>gracilescens</i>, Fr. S. hollow, slender, tortuous, base rather +narrowed.</p> + +<p>[<b>zinziberatus</b>, Fr. P. exp. umb. tawny honey-colour (yellowish), +edge silky-fibrillose; g. adnate, quite entire, crisped; s. outside and +base also inside, yellowish.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">+++ <i>Stem fuscescent, veil pallid-dingy or white</i> +(<i>not yellow</i>); <i>gills dusky.</i></div> + +<p><b>uraceus</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. campan.-convex, subgibbous, even, +glabrous, umber (tan, torn into fibres); g. adnate, bay brown; s. +5-9 cm. blackish fuscous, apex becoming olive; sp. 8-9 × 4.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_199" id="Page_199">[Pg 199]</a></span></p><p><b>jubarinus</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. campan. exp. glabrous, bright tawny +cinnamon (shining); g. adnate, tawny cinnamon; s. 4-5 cm. fibrillosely +striate, tawny, veil fugacious, white; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p>Closely resembling <i>C. cinnamomeus</i>, differing in white fibrillose +fugacious veil.</p> + +<p>[<b>rubricosus</b>, Fr. P. exp. umb. brownish bay (brick-red, shining); +g. obtusely adnate, bright rusty; s. narrowed downwards, brownish, +white veil collapsing and forming a silky zone.</p> + +<p>[<b>nitens</b>, Karst. P. exp. umb. white-silky from veil then glabrous +and shining, brownish bay; g. tawny cinnamon; s. subequal, fuscous, +white veil forming oblique bands; sp. 6 × 3.5.</p> + +<p>[<b>irregularis</b>, Fr. P. exp. umb. wavy, fuscous brown (tawny +rusty, shining); g. decur. closely crowded, rusty; s. naked, brick-red +with white striae.</p> + +<p><b>pateriformis</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. plano-depr. obtuse, orbicular, +chestnut brown with white deciduous fibrils; g. brick-red; s. hollow, +equal, tinged fuscous; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>phaeophyllus</b>, Karst. P. convex exp. umb. entirely even, edge +silky, glabrous, watery cinnamon, ochre and shining when dry; g. +adnate, brown-tan, edge honey-colour; s. equal, usually wavy, silky-fibrillose, +pallid-white; sp. 7-9 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>unimodus</b>, Britz. P. 2-3 cm. campan. then exp. usually depr. +round umbo, shining, rufous brown; g. adnexed, brown; s. 4-7 cm. +fibrous, brown below; sp. 10-12 × 6.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">** <span class="smcap">Tenuiores</span>. <i>Pileus submembranaceous, conical then +exp. umbo acute, rarely obtuse or nearly obsolete, edge +at first straight.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Stem white.</i></div> + +<p><b>dolabratus</b>, Fr. P. 4-9 cm. campan. exp. obtuse, glabrous, +brick-red (even and tan), silky near the edge; g. adnate, very +broad, distant, tan; s. 8-14 cm. stout, cylindrical, shining white; +sp. 12-14 × 7-8.</p> + +<p>Smell very disagreeable.</p> + +<p><b>rigens</b>, Fr. P. 3-7 cm. conical then convex, obtuse, glabrous, +opaque, tan (whitish tan); g. adnato-subdecur.; s. 4-9 cm. cartilaginous, +rigid, rooting, white; sp. 6-7 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>fulvescens</b>, Fr. P. exp. shining, cinnamon (brick-red), at length +fibrillose, umbo persistent rather acute; g. adnate; s. attenuated, soft, +rather wavy, becoming pale.</p> + +<p><b>Krombholzii</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. conico-campan. then gibbous, +even, glabrous, tan, edge append.; g. nearly free, broad, rusty edge +yellowish; s. 6-11 cm. equal, naked, white; sp. 8 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>Reedii</b>, Berk. P. 2-3 cm. conical then exp. and strongly umb. +shining, persistently brown; g. free; s. 2-3 cm. equal, rather +bulbous, white, solid; sp. 7-8 × 4.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_200" id="Page_200">[Pg 200]</a></span></p><p><b>leucopus</b>, Bull. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. conical then exp. and umb. +even, glabrous, yellowish red (clay-colour, shining); g. subadnexed, +crowded; s. 2-3 cm. equal, shining white; sp. 6 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. pluvius</i> in not being viscid.</p> + +<p><b>scandens</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. conical, exp. tawny rusty to watery +honey-colour (clay-colour), umbo fleshy, edge striate; g. adnate, +tawny cinnamon, edge same colour; s. 5-8 cm. wavy, even, apex +thickened, base attenuated, whitish; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Stem somewhat violet or reddish.</i></div> + +<p><b>erythrinus</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. conical, exp. rufous bay, prominent +umbo darker; g. adnexed; s. 3-5 cm. equal, somewhat curved, +violet above; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>var. <i>argyropus</i>. Slenderer than type; stem silvery, apex mealy.</p> + +<p><b>decipiens</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. conical, glabrous, shining, fuscous-bay, +depr. round darker umbo (brick-red); g. adnate; s. equal, +slender, with a pale separable cuticle; sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p>S. usually without any violet, pale red inside.</p> + +<p>var. <i>insignis</i>, Fr. P. paler; s. flexuous, glabrous.</p> + +<p><b>germanus</b>, Fr. Smell strong. P. 1-2 cm. conico-exp. obtusely +umb. rather silky, fragile, fuscescent (clay-colour); g. adnate, broad; +s. thin, equal, glabrous, lilac then pallid; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>ianthipes</b>, Secr. P. conical then exp. umb. fibrillose, shining, +brown, edge yellowish; g. white then greyish olive; s. shining, violet, +rufous below.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">+++ <i>Stem yellowish, usually becoming pale.</i></div> + +<p><b>detonsus</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. conical, exp. subumb. glabrous, +brick-red or yellowish (tan and silky); g. adnate, yellowish then +brick-red, quite entire; s. 4-7 cm. glabrous, tinged yellow then +pallid; sp. 6 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>saniosus</b>, Fr. P. conical then convex and umb. not striate, +glabrous, tawny fuscous (tawny, shining), edge fibrillosely torn; +g. adnate, quite entire; s. curved, yellowish, veil fibrillose, yellow.</p> + +<p><b>obtusus</b>, Fr. P. 1-3 cm. conico-campan. striate to middle, +shining, reddish yellow (ochre then pallid, opaque, fibrillosely torn); +g. adnato-ventricose, edge white-fimbriate; s. hollow, soft, ventricose, +becoming pale, 4-9 cm.; sp. 9 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>acutus</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. conical, acutely umb. entirely striate, +yellowish red (clay-colour, silky then even); g. adnate, ochre, entire; +s. 6-8 cm. equal, slender, wavy, pale; sp. 6 × 4.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++++ <i>Stem becoming fuscescent.</i></div> + +<p><b>Junghuhnii</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. conical, exp. papillate, persistently +minutely velvety with thin innate white fibrils, shining cinnamon +(somewhat tawny); g. adnate, orange brick-red; s. 4-7 cm. shining, +adpressedly fuscous-fibrillose; sp. 8 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_201" id="Page_201">[Pg 201]</a></span></p><p><b>depressus</b>, Fr. P. 4-5 cm. conico-convex, umb. glabrous, at +first superficially silky near striate edge, fuscous then rusty; g. +adnate, saffron then yellowish; s. hollow, reddish, base fuscous, white-silky; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>milvinus</b>, Fr. Strong scented. P. conico-exp. subumb. striate to +disc, somewhat olive (tan then pallid), edge crowned with white +innate squamules; g. adnate, rusty olive, base veined; s. 4-5 cm. +equal, curved, fuscous then pallid, spotted with the white silky veil; +sp. 8-10 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>fasciatus</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. conico-exp. glabrous, fuscescent +(brick-red then pallid and silky) umbo acute, blackish; g. adnate, +distant; s. 4-9 cm. rather wavy, glabrous, fibrously splitting, pallid +fuscous; sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. acutus</i> in very distant g.</p> +</li></ol></li></ol></li></ol> + +<h3>CREPIDOTUS, Fr.</h3> + +<p><b>palmatus</b>, Bull. P. 4-9 cm. compact, convex then exp. irreg. +glabrous, pelliculose, rusty; g. fixed to a collar, colour of p.; s. +excentric or lateral, incurved, glabrous, whitish; sp. subg. 10.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>Pleurotus subpalmatus</i> in rusty sp.</p> + +<p>A form with a central s. occurs.</p> + +<p>[<b>hypsophilus</b>, R. Fries. Subcaespitose. P. fleshy, compact, +irreg. laterally produced, entire, convex then plane, edge becoming +upturned, glabrous, fuscous tan; g. emarginate, crowded, dingy +yellow; s. very excentric, short, curved whitish.</p> + +<p>[<b>nidulans</b>, Mass. (= <i>Pleurotus nidulans</i>, Fr., <i>Crepidotus junquillea</i> +(Paulet) Lucand.) P. fleshy, at first resupinate then expanded, +sessile, subreniform, tomentose, yellow; g. broad, rather distant, +tawny-orange; sp. tawny.</p> + +<p><b>alveolus</b>, Lasch. P. 2-4 cm. soft, lateral, obovate, wavy, plane, +glabrous, ochre-fuscous, sessile or produced behind into a short stem-like +downy base; g. broad; sp. 7-8 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>stiriacus</b>, Wetts. P. fleshy-fibrous, ovate-shell-shaped, semiorbicular, +or cuneiform, simple, lobed or partite, tomentose; g. +dense, ochre-fuscous; s. lateral, very short; sp. 5-7 × 3.</p> + +<p><b>mollis</b>, Fr. P. 3-7 cm. gelatinously fleshy, soft, obovate or +reniform, flaccid, subsessile, glabrous, pallid then greyish; g. decur. +from base, crowded, linear, whitish then watery cinnamon; sp. 8-9 +× 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>putrigenus</b>, B. and C. Imbricate, sessile; p. 2-3 cm. subreniform, +whitish, tomentose; g. broad, rusty-brown; sp. subglobose, +6-7, rusty.</p> + +<p><b>applanatus</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. soft, fragile, plane, reniform or +cuneate, whitish, produced behind into a very short white-downy +base; g. determinate, crowded, whitish then pale cinnamon; sp. +5 × 3.</p> + +<p>[<b>scalaris</b>, Fr. Imbricated. P. submembranaceous, very soft, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_202" id="Page_202">[Pg 202]</a></span>effuso-reflexed, even, glabrous, clear dilute ochre, pellucid when +fresh; g. decur. from base, distant, thin, whitish then cinnamon.</p> + +<p><b>calolepis</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. dimidiate, sessile and fixed by a +downy nodule, white, marginate behind, variegated with minute +rufescent scales; g. radiating from base, at length brownish rusty; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>haustellaris</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. flaccid, exactly lateral, reniform, +plane, even, very slightly downy, tan; g. rounded behind, pallid then +fuscous-cinnamon; s. distinct, narrowed upwards, downy, white; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>Peteauxii</b>, Q. P. resupinate then cup-shaped, lateral, reniform, +tomentose, snow-white; g. free, whitish then ochre.</p> + +<p><b>rubi</b>, Berk. (= <i>Naucoria effugiens</i>, Q.) P. 0.5-1 cm. convexo-plane, +edge incurved, pale yellowish tan, sprinkled with glistening +particles; g. adnato-decur. rather broad, greyish then umber; s. +3-6 mm. incurved; sp. 5-7 long.</p> + +<p><b>chimnophilus</b>, B. and Br. P. 4-6 mm. convex, edge incurved, +downy, whitish; g. attenuated behind, distant, narrow, pale tan; s. +very short or obsolete; sp. 5 × 3 µ.</p> + +<p><b>epibryus</b>, Fr. White. P. 3-5 mm. resupinate, sessile, adnate +by the vertex, silky then smooth; g. radiating from the centre, thin, +crowded, whitish then reddish-yellow; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>inhonestus</b>, Karst. P. resupinate, sessile, adnate laterally or by +the vertex, rather silky, orbicular or subreniform, whitish; g. broad, +thin, white then brownish; sp. 6-8 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>Phillipsii</b>, B. and Br. P. 4-6 cm. rather fleshy, oblique, striate, +smooth, pale umber; g. narrow, ventricose, slightly adnate, pale tan; +s. short, solid, incurved; sp. 5-7 × 2.5 µ.</p> + +<p><b>pezizoides</b>, Nees. P. 3-4 mm. sessile, thin, cup-shaped then +recurved, mealy, subtomentose, whitish; g. radiating from the +centre, rather distant, brownish-olive then tawny.</p> + +<p><b>luteolus</b>, Lamb. P. thin, stipitate at first then resupinate and +stem disappearing, tomentose, clear yellow then pale; g. crowded, +orange-yellow then cinnamon; sp. rusty.</p> + +<p><b>Ralfsii</b>, B. and Br. P. 3-5 cm. convex, edge incurved, delicately +hispid or scurfy, yellow, fixed by cottony mycelium, stem obsolete; +g. rather broad, ventricose, pale tan, edge whitish; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>Parisotii</b>, Pat. Minute. P. sessile, minutely velvety, bright +citrin, stem almost obsolete, white, downy, edge incurved; g. very +distant, reddish; sp. 4-5 × 2.</p> + +<p>Only appears to differ from <i>C. luteolus</i> in being somewhat +smaller.</p> + +<p>[<b>subintiger</b>, Schulz. P. thin, cylindrical then cyphelliform, fixed +by centre, orbicular-reniform, whitish, slightly tomentose; g. radiating +from centre, free, distant, ventricose, yellowish brown, edge wavy and +fimbriate; sp. 3-4 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>pallescens</b>, Q. P. umbil. downy, yellowish white; g. adnate, +white then pallid; s. short incurved, downy, white; sp. 7 long.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_203" id="Page_203">[Pg 203]</a></span></p><p>[<b>scutellinus</b>, Q. P. convexo-plane, vertex minutely mucronate, +pellucid, rivulosely striate, whitish then ochre; s. filiform, arcuate, +short, downy, colour of p.; g. narrow, adnate, denticulate, white then +pale ochre; sp. 7 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>Cesatii</b>, Rab. P. sessile, resupinate, rather tough, soft, whitish +or pallid gilvous; g. broad, pallid; sp. pale yellow; sp. 6-7 × 4-6.</p> + +<p>Habit of <i>Claudopus variabilis</i>, but p. not tomentose, g. not +reddish, and pale sp.</p> + +<p>[<b>proboscideus</b>, Fr. P. resupinate, campan. vertex prominent, +pedunculate, even, pubescent, ochraceous; g. radiating from an +excentric point, thin, straight, colour of p.</p> + +<p>Must be carefully distinguished from <i>Pax. panuoides</i>.</p> + +<p><b>epigaeus</b>, Pers. P. 1-2 cm. thin, reniform or flabellate, reddish-grey, +base downy, whitish; g. distinct, narrow, diverging, watery +rufescent; sp. 10 × 7.</p> + +<p>Entire fungus soft and watery; growing on naked damp earth.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="MELANOSPORAE" id="MELANOSPORAE"></a>MELANOSPORAE.</h2> + + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">A. <i>Gills free from stem.</i></div> + +<p><b>Chitonia</b>. Volva present, ring absent.</p> + +<p><b>Agaricus</b>. (= <i>Psalliota</i>, Fr.) Ring present, volva absent.</p> + +<p><b>Pilosace</b>. Volva and ring both absent.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">B. <i>Gills attached to stem.</i> (Quite free from stem +in some species of <i>Coprinus</i>.)</div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Stem with a distinct membranous ring.</i></div> + +<p><b>Stropharia</b>. Gills adnate dark brown or purplish.</p> + +<p><b>Anellaria</b>. Gills adnexed, grey and clouded with the black +spores.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Ring very imperfect or absent; gills decurrent.</i></div> + +<p><b>Gomphidius</b>. Gills subgelatinous.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">+++ <i>Gills not decurrent, not adhering laterally when +young, not deliquescent.</i></div> + +<p><b>Hypholoma</b>. Gills sinuate, dark brown or blackish-purple; veil +often hanging in fragments from edge of pileus.</p> + +<p><b>Panaeolus</b>. Edge of pileus extending beyond the gills, pileus +not striate.</p> + +<p><b>Psathyrella</b>. Pileus sulcate or striate.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_204" id="Page_204">[Pg 204]</a></span></p><p><b>Psathyra</b>. Stem fragile; edge of pileus straight when young.</p> + +<p><b>Psilocybe</b>. Stem tough; edge of pileus incurved when young.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++++ <i>Gills adhering laterally when young, deliquescing +at maturity.</i></div> + +<p><b>Coprinus</b>. Ring and volva present in some species, ring alone +others, both absent in others; gills adnate, adnexed or free.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">+++++ <i>Flesh of pileus entirely absent, the gills radiating +from the stem free and unconnected by flesh above.</i></div> + +<p><b>Montagnites</b>. Volva present, buried in the ground.</p> +</li></ol></li></ol> + +<h3>CHITONIA, Fr.</h3> + +<p><b>rubriceps</b>, Cke. and Mass. P. 2-3 cm. campan. then exp. umb. +reddish-brown; g. free, purplish-brown; s. 6-7 cm. hollow, paler +than p., volva large, free edge torn; sp. 12 × 6.</p> + +<p>Introduced along with living plants into Kew Gardens.</p> + +<p>[<b>coprinus</b>, Fr. (= <i>Ag. involucratus</i>, Mont.) P. fleshy, convex, +viscid, yellowish, sometimes floccosely scaly from fragments of volva; +g. free, smoky-black; s. fistulose, naked, whitish, volva very small.</p> + +<p>Unless the small volva is noticed, this fungus will be considered +as a sp. of <i>Coprinus</i>.</p> + + +<h3>AGARICUS, L.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">A. <span class="smcap">Edules</span>. <i>Large, fleshy.</i></div> + +<p><b>augustus</b>, Fr. P. 8-14 cm. globose then exp. very obtuse, disc +even, rest fibrillosely-scaly, pale yellow-brown; g. crowded, narrow, +fuscous, remote from stem; s. 8-14 cm. solid, ring superior, large, +areolately squamulose below; sp. 6 × 3.5. Edible.</p> + +<p><b>peronatus</b>, Mass. P. hemispher. then exp. dull ochre, densely +scaly; g. distant from stem, crowded, purple-brown; s. 10-14 cm. +equal, marginately bulbous, hollow, with large spreading white scales +up to broad spreading ring; sp. 6 × 4. Edible.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>A. augustus</i> in hollow, peronate stem.</p> + +<p><b>elvensis</b>, B. and Br. P. 9-15 cm. subglobose then exp. fibrillose, +broken up into large persistent brown scales, edge warted; g. +crowded; s. 8-12 cm. narrowed at base, fibrillose, ring large, thick, +warted below; sp. 8 × 4. Edible.</p> + +<p>[<b>praenitens</b>, Beck. P. hemispher. exp. white, with densely +imbricated chestnut scales which become smaller and denser at +disc; g. remote, purple-brown, edge white; s. clavato-bulbous, concentrically +scaly up to large ring, white; sp. 7-8 × 5.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_205" id="Page_205">[Pg 205]</a></span></p><p><b>arvensis</b>, Schaeff. P. 10-24 cm. conico-campan. then exp. +smooth, even, white often stained yellow, flesh white, unchangeable; +g. close to stem, narrow; s. 6-12 cm. hollow, whitish, floccosely +stuffed, ring pendulous, double, exterior radiately split; sp. 6 × 4. +(9-11 × 6 Sacc.) Edible.</p> + +<p>var. <i>purpurascens</i>, Cke. Smaller than type. P. tinged purple.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>Ag. xanthodermus</i> in the persistently white +flesh.</p> + +<p><b>xanthodermus</b>, Genev. (= <i>Ag. flavescens</i>, Roze.) P. 6-10 cm. +fleshy, convex, even, glabrous, greyish-white, cuticle becoming +yellowish when touched, and the white flesh changing to yellow +when broken; g. free, sinuate, pale rose then grey, finally purple-brown; +s. cylindrical, stuffed, ring thin, flesh deep yellow at base, +rest white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>A. arvensis</i> in flesh becoming yellow, and in yellow +base of stem.</p> + +<p>[<b>ammophilus</b>, Ménier. P. convex, exp. thick, whitish; g. free, +crowded, rosy; s. stout, solid, base more or less thickened, whitish, +ring membranous, strongly adherent to apex of s. slightly striate, +with a circular canal; sp. 6-7.5 × 4-7.</p> + +<p><b>cretaceus</b>, Fr. P. 6-9 cm. globose then convex, shining white, +at first smooth and silky, then fibrillosely squamulose; g. for a long +time white, then blackish-brown; s. 6-8 cm. white, hollow, ring +large, superior, fixed; sp. 9 × 6. Edible.</p> + +<p><b>pratensis</b>, Schaeff. P. 4-7 cm. ovoid then exp. even or squamulose, +greyish-white; g. rounded behind, grey then brown; s. 4-6 cm. +stuffed, base thickened, naked, ring median, simple, deciduous; +sp. 6 × 3.5.</p> + +<p>var. <i>fulveolus</i>, Lasch. P. squamuloso-fibrillose, yellowish or +reddish; s. hollow, yellowish; g. tawny-denticulate.</p> + +<p>[<b>Bernardii</b>, Q. Compact, white, tomentose under a lens. P. +10-20 cm. convex then exp. cracked into areolae, greyish-white; +s. solid, stout, ovate, striate at the apex, ring membranous, striate +above; g. free, greyish-pink then bay-brown; flesh white, becoming +purplish then brownish when broken; sp. subgl. 8.</p> + +<p>Foetid. Edible.</p> + +<p><b>campestris</b>, L. 6-12 cm. convex then plane, floccosely silky +or fibrillose, whitish, flesh reddish-brown when cut; g. close to stem, +subliquescent, fleshy then umber; s. stuffed, even, white, ring median, +torn; sp. 7-8 × 5-6. Edible.</p> + +<p>var. <i>alba</i>, Berk. P. rather silky white; s. short.</p> + +<p>var. <i>praticola</i>, Vitt. P. with rufous scales, flesh reddish.</p> + +<p>var. <i>rufescens</i>, Berk. P. rufous, minutely scaly; s. elongated.</p> + +<p>var. <i>umbrina</i>, Vitt. P. even, umber; s. stout, squamulose.</p> + +<p>var. <i>fulvaster</i>, Viv. P. even, ochraceous-tawny; s. solid; g. rosy +then blackish.</p> + +<p>var. <i>villaticus</i>, Brond. P. cortex breaking up into scales; s. +peronately scaly up to inf. ring.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_206" id="Page_206">[Pg 206]</a></span></p><p>var. <i>silvicola</i>, Vitt. P. almost smooth, white, shining; s. stuffed, +elongated, subbulbous, ring simple, flesh not changing colour.</p> + +<p>var. <i>robustissimus</i>, Pen. P. equal, large, 32 cm.; g. very broad, +up to 2 cm.; s. tall, 13 cm. high, 6 cm. thick.</p> + +<p>var. <i>exsertus</i>, Viv. P. fleshy, almost even, glabrous, white, flesh +red; s. hollow, slender, rather wavy, smooth ring small and torn, +appendiculate.</p> + +<p>var. <i>hortensis</i>, Cke. P. fibrillose or squamulose, brownish. The +variety commonly cultivated in England.</p> + +<p>var. <i>costatus</i>, Viv. P. sulcate, wavy.</p> + +<p>var. <i>vaporarius</i>, Otto. P. and s. with a brown pilose covering.</p> + +<p>var. <i>exannulatus</i>, Cke. P. squamulose; s. elongated, equal, +solid, ring evanescent or obsolete.</p> + +<p><b>perrera</b>, Schulz. (= <i>Psal. Bresadolae</i>, Schulz.) P. 8-10 cm. +hemispher. then exp. yellowish, centre tawny, covered with concentrically +arranged tawny scales; g. remote, crowded, joined in +a ring behind, rosy then fuscous; s. equal, 9-10 cm. stuffed then +hollow, base submarginately bulbous, with evanescent tawny scales +below the large superior ring; sp. 8-10 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>bitorquis</b>, Q. P. 5-9 cm. globose then exp. almost glabrous, +milk-white then cream or ochre at the edge; g. remote from s. +becoming deep brown; s. solid, ovoid, glabrous, white, with a +membranous ring near the apex and a volva-like ring near the base, +separated by a concave notch; sp. 5-6 long. Edible.</p> + +<p>[<b>flavescens</b>, Gillet. P. globose then convex, dry, satiny, white, +soon tinged yellow or reddish-yellow; g. broad, brown; stem with +a turbinate bulb, white, suffused with reddish-yellow; flesh white, +ring fugacious; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>silvaticus</b>, Schaeff. P. 6-9 cm. thin, campan. then exp. gibbous, +fibrillose or squamulose, centre brownish becoming paler at edge; +g. crowded, dry; s. 8-12 cm. hollow, equal, whitish, ring simple, +distant; sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>haemorrhoidarius</b>, Kalchbr. P. 7-12 cm. ovate then exp. +rufous-brown, covered with broad adpressed scales, edge at first +incurved, flesh deep red when broken; g. crowded, purple-umber; +s. 8-11 cm. white, soon hollow, fibrillose base solid, subbulbous, +stains red when bruised, ring superior, large; sp. 7-8 × 5. Edible.</p> + +<p>[<b>sanguinarius</b>, Karst. Flesh blood-red when broken. P. campan. +exp. obtuse, usually wavy, even, pale fuscous, broken up into +squamules; g. free, crowded, white, rosy-umber; s. elongated, subequal, +curved, silky-flocculose then almost glabrous, white, ring +superior, pendulous, fixed, persistent, areolately-scaly outside near +edge; sp. 5-7 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>[<b>niveorubens</b>, Q. Floccose, shining white, everywhere becoming +red.</p> + +<p>Quélet now considers this to be a form of <i>Ag. sylvatica</i>, Schaeff., +to which sp. he also refers <i>Ag. setigera</i>, Paul., <i>Ag. haemorrhoidaria</i>, +Kalchb., <i>Ag. rubella</i>, Gill., and <i>Ag. Vaillantii</i>, Roze and Rich.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_207" id="Page_207">[Pg 207]</a></span></p><p><b>setiger</b>, Fr. P. exp. obtuse, smooth and silky, pale umber; g. +umber; s. stuffed, elongated, equal, squamuloso-fibrillose, colour of p., +ring thin, fugacious.</p> + +<p>[<b>rubellus</b>, Gillet. P. exp. obtusely umb. with reddish scales, +especially at the disc, which is deep red-brown, paler towards edge; +g. crowded; s. hollow, cartilaginous, base swollen; ring fugacious; +flesh white.</p> + +<p>[<b>lecensis</b>, Harz. Smells like aniseed. P. convex then almost +plane, yellowish-white, often broken up into brown polygonal pyramidal +patches; g. white, rosy-violet, then brown, both ends narrowed; +s. solid, coarsely scaly above, white becoming tinted rosy or yellow; +ring conspicuous, radiately striate, outside scaly; sp. 14-15 × 5.5-7.</p> + +<p>[<b>caldarius</b>, Wettst. P. convex then exp. white, disc even, +brownish squamulose towards edge; g. remote, narrow; s. glabrous, +whitish; sp. 9-14 × 5-11.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">B. <span class="smcap">Minores</span>. <i>Flesh of pileus thin.</i></div> + +<p><b>comptulus</b>. P. 3-4 cm. convexo-plane, adpressedly silky, white; +g. flesh-colour then rosy; s. 4-6 cm. hollow, yellowish-white, ring +median; sp. 4-5 × 2-3.</p> + +<p><b>sagatus</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. convexo-plane, tawny, glabrous; g. +ventricose, umber; s. 4-5 cm. hollow, equal, pale, ring distant, +spreading; sp. 6 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>[<b>amethystinus</b>, Q. P. 3-4 cm. convex then plane, umb. downy +or fibrillose, white with the centre rose, lilac or amethyst; g. free, +ventricose, clear grey then bay-brown; s. slender, with a silky pith, +somewhat bulbous, fragile, glabrous, white, with a satiny, white ring; +sp. 6-7 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>semotus</b>, Fr. P. exp. even, glabrous, brick-red, disc darker; +g. rather distant from stem, pallid; s. fistulose, reddish and more or +less peronate up to spreading ring, pale above; sp. 4-5 × 2-3.</p> + +<p>[<b>dulcidulus</b>, Kalchbr. P. plane, subgibbous, almost glabrous, +dry, lurid white or ochre; g. crowded, grey then blackish; s. subbulbous, +colour of p., ring median, persistent.</p> + +<p>Umbo often tinged fuscous or violet.</p> + +<p><b>rusiophyllus</b>, Lasch. P. 2-3 cm. soon plane, umbonate, silky, +ruddy, becoming pale; g. crowded, rosy then brown; s. 3-4 cm. +thickened downwards, white, ring persistent; sp. 5 × 3.</p> + +<p>[<b>zonarius</b>, Brond. P. 1 cm. convex, with pellucid brown-violet +zones; g. free, rosy then bay-bistre; s. solid, elongated, ring +membranous, white.</p> + +<p>[<b>geniculatus</b>, Brig. P. campan. exp. tumid, glabrous, pale bay, +edge split here and there; g. free, remote from stem; s. bent, base +thickened, ring inf.</p> + +<p>Remarkable in this genus for growing on wood.</p> + +<p>[<b>haematospermus</b>, Bull. P. campan. then exp. then umb. and +scaly, brownish tan then blackish; g. rosy-blood-red then fuscous; +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_208" id="Page_208">[Pg 208]</a></span>s. fistulose, equal, glabrous, colour of p., ring median, erect; sp. +4-5 × 3.</p> + +<p><b>subgibbosus</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. convexo-plane, umb. even, glabrous +but silky towards edge, yellowish; g. remote from stem, white then +greyish-fuscous; s. 2-3 cm. fistulose, slender, ring fugacious.</p> +</li></ol> + +<h3>PILOSACE, Fr.</h3> + +<p><b>algeriensis</b>, Fr. P. 6-10 cm. convex then exp. even, glabrous, +white then disc tinged brownish; flesh very thick, white; g. very +narrow, rosy then umber; s. 3-5 cm. very stout, white, base +thickened, solid; sp. subgl. 8 µ.</p> + +<p>[<b>Bresadolae</b>, Schulz. P. very thin and very fragile, irreg. +campan. then exp. and edge wavy, margin split, pale yellow-fuscous, +glabrous, even; g. free, blackish-brown, edge white-mealy; s. often +slightly wavy, apex abruptly contracted, white; sp. 9 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>Many plants spring from a subterranean fleshy mass.</p> + +<p>[<b>Phoenix</b>, Fr. P. thin, campan. exp. even, glabrous, hygr. fuscous +then pale; g. free, ventricose, pallid then umber; s. stuffed, striate, +subbulbous, rooting, pallid.</p> + + +<h3>STROPHARIA, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">A. <span class="smcap">Viscipelles</span>. <i>Pellicle of pileus even or scaly, +often viscid.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <span class="smcap">Mundi</span>. <i>Not growing on dung.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>depilata</b>, Pers. P. exp. even, glabrous, viscid, yellowish-livid +then tan; g. adnato-decur. broad, white then blackish; s. solid, with +white revolute squarrose white scales below the ample ring; sp. +11-14 × 6-8.</p> + +<p><b>Percevali</b>, B. and Br. P. 3-5 cm. rather viscid, umb. then exp. +ochre, scaly at first near edge; g. adnexed, broad distant; s. 5-7 cm. +squamulose up to ring, dark inside; sp. 12-14 × 6.</p> + +<p><i>S. squamosa</i> differs in adnate, crowded g.</p> + +<p><b>versicolor</b>, With. P. 3-7 cm. convexo-plane, scaly, edge incurved; +g. decur. pallid then reddish-brown; s. 5 cm. whitish then +brownish, ring persistent.</p> + +<p>A species about which little is known.</p> + +<p><b>aeruginosa</b>, Curt. P. 4-7 cm. convex then exp. subumb. or +quite plane, at first with bluish-green mucus and sometimes with +white squamules, then yellowish; g. adnate, purplish; s. 5-6 cm. +viscid, squamulose below ring, tinged green, often quite glabrous; +sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p>Very variable within certain limits. Often stout and deep +coloured in shady woods. Slender and soon dry in open pastures.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_209" id="Page_209">[Pg 209]</a></span></p><p><b>squamulosa</b>, Massee (= <i>S. aeruginosa</i>; var. <i>squamulosa</i>, Mass.). +P. 4-6 cm. soon plane, deep verdigris-green, dry, squamulose; g. +crowded, brown; s. 5-7 cm. stout, fibrilloso-squamulose, green, ring +fragmentary; sp. 8-9 × 5.</p> + +<p>Superficially like <i>S. aeruginosa</i>, but dry and silky, innately +squamulose, and brown g.</p> + +<p><b>albocyanea</b>, Desm. 1.5-2 cm. exp. umb. viscid, greenish-blue +then whitish; g. purplish; s. 3-5 cm. slender, flexuous, pallid or +tinged green, ring incomplete; sp. 7-8 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>S. Worthingtoni</i> in greenish p.</p> + +<p>[<b>Tavastense</b>, Karst. P. convex then flat, disc often depr. sometimes +umb. glabrous, with concentric yellowish-white squamules near +edge, yellowish livid then dingy tawny tan; g. adnexed, crowded; +s. straight, fragile, almost equal, solid, pale then fuscescent, ring +torn, fugacious.</p> + +<p>[<b>consentiens</b>, Karst. P. convex, exp. umb. then depr. even, +glabrous, rather viscid, yellowish-livid, tinged olive, edge involute; +g. adnate, paler than p.; s. subequal, stuffed, wavy, apex pruinose, +yellowish rusty.</p> + +<p>[<b>coprinifacies</b>, Roll. P. hygr. conico-campan. then exp. viscid, +umber brown then pallid, with blue mucus; g. ventricose, both ends +narrowed, dusky purple, edge white; s. dingy white tinged blue, ring +median; sp. 20 × 7.</p> + +<p><b>inuncta</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. exp. subumb. with livid purple gluten +that disappears, then pale; g. adnate, pale brown; s. 4-7 cm. +flexuous, white, fibrillose below distant imperfect ring; sp. 8 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>coronilla</b>, Bull. P. 3-4 cm. plane, tawny-ochre then pale, edge +white flocculose; g. sinuato-adnate, violet, edge white; s. 2-3 cm. +white, ring median, violet-striate; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>ventricosa</b>, Mass. P. 1.5-2 cm. exp. broadly gibbous, slightly +viscid, tawny-ochre then paler; g. almost free, purplish; s. 5-7 cm. +ventricose below middle, base rooting, pale, ring large, striate, +apical; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>fusoidea</b>, Pat. P. 1-1.5 cm. campan. then exp. and umb. edge +striate, ochre; g. adnate, purplish; s. elongated, slender, smooth, +strongly ventricose near the base, whitish, ring distant; sp. 12-14 +× 6-7.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>S. ventricosa</i> in being smaller, and in the small, +distant ring.</p> + +<p><b>obturata</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. exp. becoming cracked into squamules, +almost dry, yellow; g. adnate, purplish-umber; s. 2-3 cm. +stuffed, short, narrowed downwards, white, ring tumid; sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>capillacea</b>, Gillet. P. conico-campan. very finely wrinkled, +reddish brown with whitish flecks near margin more especially; g. +blackish brown, edge toothed; s. whitish, squamulose, ring fugacious.</p> + +<p><b>melasperma</b>, Bull. P. 3-5 cm. convexo-plane, rather viscid, +white or yellowish; g. ventricose, blackish violet; s. 3-5 cm. hollow, +equal, white, ring superior, deciduous; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_210" id="Page_210">[Pg 210]</a></span></p><p><b>squamosa</b>, Fr. P. 3-6 cm. exp. subviscid, yellowish-tan with +evanescent concentric scales; g. adnate, blackish, edge white; s. +7-12 cm. pallid, rusty near base, squamulose up to distant ring; +sp. 12 × 6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>thrausta</i> (<i>Ag. thrausta</i>, Kalchbr.). Slender, fragile, hygr. +not scaly; sp. 12-15 × 6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>aurantiaca</i>, Cke. P. orange or brick-red.</p> + +<p>[<b>albonitens</b>, Fr. P. thin, exp. gibbous, viscid, glabrous, hyaline-white, +shining white when dry; g. adnate, crowded, pale fuscous; +s. stuffed with pith, everywhere floccosely villose, pale straw when +dry; sp. 6-9 × 4-5.</p> + +<p><b>Worthingtoni</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. campan. viscid, yellow; g. adnate, +broad, brown; s. 4-7 cm. slender, flexuous, dark blue, ring incomplete; +sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>S. albocyanea</i> in the yellow p.</p> + +<p>[<b>palustris</b>, Q. P. hemispher. umb. rather viscid, hygr. greyish-tawny, +disc brown; g. adnate, very broad; s. slender, white, covered +with transverse tawny scales, ring distant.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <span class="smcap">Merdarii</span>. <i>Ring often incomplete.</i></div> + +<p><b>luteonitens</b>, Fl. Dan. P. 2-3 cm. conico-campan. umb. viscid, +yellow, edge squamulose; g. adnexed, ventricose; s. 2-3 cm. fistulose, +even, pruinose above distant ring, whitish; sp. 10-11 × 6. (14 × 6-7 +Sacc.)</p> + +<p>Intermediate between <i>S. squamosa</i> and <i>Psilocybe coprophila</i>, +having scaly p. and ring of former, and stature of latter.</p> + +<p><b>merdaria</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. exp. obtuse, glabrous, moist, +hygr. dingy yellow-brown or pale bay; g. adnate, broad; s. 2-3 cm. +flocculose, dry, pallid, ring fugacious; sp. 8 × 5. (12-16 × 6-8 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>[<b>mammilata</b>, Kalchbr. P. thin, exp. conico-papillate, even, viscid, +pale ochre; g. rotundato-adnate, blackish brown; s. glabrous, white +then yellowish, ring fugacious.</p> + +<p><b>stercoraria</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. hemispher. then discoid, rather +viscid, glabrous, yellow; g. adnate, broad, olive-black; s. 8-10 cm. +stuffed with free pith, elongated, flocculose below the distant ring, +rather viscid, white tinged yellow; sp. 18-20 × 8-10.</p> + +<p><b>semiglobata</b>, Batsch. P. 2-3 cm. persistently hemispher. even, +glutinous, yellow; g. adnate, broad, clouded black; s. 6-10 cm. +glabrous, glutinous, yellowish, ring imperfect, inferior; sp. 12 × 6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. stercoraria</i> in persistently hemispher. p. and +glabrous s.</p> + +<p>[<b>siccipes</b>, Karst. P. hemispher. exp. obtuse, orbicular, naked, +even or edge slightly pellucidly striate, viscid, whitish clay-colour; +g. adnato-subdecur. clay-colour then fuscous and clouded; s. pallid, +dry, straight or wavy, flocculose, pruinose above the distant, dry +ring; sp. 12-15 × 7-9.</p> + +<p>Intermediate between <i>S. stercoraria</i> and <i>S. semiglobata</i>.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_211" id="Page_211">[Pg 211]</a></span></p><p>[<b>paradoxa</b>, P. Henn. P. campan. papillately umb. viscid, centre +brown, edge broadly revolute, even, glabrous; g. adnato-decur. wavy, +veined, dusky brown; s. wavy, striate, fibrous, yellow, base white-downy, +ring black, floccose, deciduous; sp. 14-17 × 7-10.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">B. <span class="smcap">Spintrigeri</span>. <i>Pileus without a pellicle, but +innately fibrous, not viscid.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>calceata</b>, Schaeff. P. exp. adpressedly fibrillose, moist, stoutly +umb. even, dingy yellow then pale; g. nearly free; s. solid, glabrous, +white, base marginately bulbous, limb free like a volva.</p> + +<p>[<b>ocreata</b>, Holmsk. P. globoso-campan.-exp. obtuse, granulose +then imbricately scaly, red then gilvous; g. nearly free; s. peronate +up to imperfect ring.</p> + +<p>[<b>medusa</b>, Brig. P. globose then convex, even, subrimosely +squamulose when dry, yellowish white, edge lobed; g. nearly free, +sooty, edge crenulate; s. solid, subtuberous, fibrillose, white, ring +fugacious.</p> + +<p><b>caput-medusae</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. ovate, exp. lacunose, squamulose, +discoid, umber-brown, edge ochre; g. adfixed; s. 5-9 cm. peronate +with squarrose scales up to superior ring, scales at length falling +away; sp. 10 × 4. (16-18 × 5 Sacc.)</p> + +<p><b>scobinacea</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. exp. gibbous, somewhat sulcate, at +first covered with crowded, blackish adpressed squamules; g. adnate, +crenulate, purplish; s. 6-9 cm. hollow, fibrillose, white, apex mealy, +ring superior, fugacious; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>sulcata</b>, Gill. P. conico-campan. umb. covered except at summit +with branched ridges, reddish; g. distant; s. white, striate below +and mealy above the ring.</p> + +<p>[<b>sulcatula</b>, Gill. P. convex, rugosely ridged, when young with +reddish superficial scales, then naked and whitish or tinged red at +disc; sooty-brown, edge whitish, denticulate; s. elongated, squamulose +up to ring, striate above, white, base rooting very cottony.</p> + +<p>[<b>cotonea</b>, Q. At first entirely white. P. 5-7 cm. spherical then +convex, snow-white, covered with floccose squamules; g. sinuate, +white, then purple, at length brownish-purple, edge white; s. +3-6 cm. fistulose, curved, floccosely scaly, apex glabrous, ring +floccose; sp. 10 long.</p> + +<p>Quélet considers this species to be identical with <i>Hyph. lacrymabundum</i>, +Fries.</p> + +<p><b>Battarrae</b>, Fr. P. hemispher. then exp., more or less olive, +covered with adpressed squamules most crowded at the disc; g. +sinuate, white then rosy, finally purple-brown, edge white; s. fistulose, +whitish, with brownish or olive squamules up to ring, apex +pruinose, ring thin, white, partly appendiculate; sp. 10 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>punctulata</b>, Kalchbr. P. thin, convex, dry, pallid, squamulosely +punctate from the veil, then naked; g. sinuato-adnate with a decur. +tooth, pale umber; s. stuffed, pallid, squamulose from the veil above.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_212" id="Page_212">[Pg 212]</a></span></p><p><b>Jerdoni</b>, B. and Br. P. 4-5 cm. exp. umbo fleshy, broad, +ochraceous with snow-white evanescent flecks; g. adnate with a +decur. line, transversely striate; s. 5-7 cm. snow-white and pulverulent +above, brownish squamulose below, ring superior; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>spintrigera</b>, Fr. P. 5-9 cm. ovate then exp. obtuse, even, +glabrous, brownish or pinkish tan then pale; g. adnate, crowded; +s. 4-7 cm. hollow, floccosely-fibrillose, white, ring distant, fugacious; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>hypsipoda</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. convexo-plane, even, glabrous, hygr. +brownish yellow; g. white then fuscous; s. 7-11 cm. hollow, equal, +glabrous, whitish, ring median, persistent; sp. 12-14 × 6-7.</p> + +<p><b>cothurnata</b>, Fr. P. exp. obtuse, even, thin, white, not hygr.; +g. adnexed, crowded; s. floccosely villose up to median ring, white.</p> +</li></ol> + +<h3>ANELLARIA, Karst.</h3> + +<p><b>separata</b>, Karst. P. 2-3 cm. campan. obtuse, not exp. viscid, +dull ochre then pale and often rugulose; g. adfixed, greyish black; +s. 6-10 cm. straight, white, base thickened, ring distant; sp. 10 × 7. +(16-22 × 10-15 Sacc.)</p> + +<p><b>scitula</b>, Mass. P. 1-1.5 cm. campan. obtuse, smooth, viscid, +drab or dingy ochre; g. almost free, grey; s. 2-3 cm. peronate up to +inferior ring; sp. 12-13 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>fimiputris</b>, Karst. P. 2.5-4 cm. conico-exp. thin, subgibbous, +viscid, dusky grey; paler when dry; g. adfixed, livid blackish; s. +6-10 cm. pallid, slender, equal, pallid, with ring reduced to a zone; +sp. 9-10 × 6.</p> + + +<h3>GOMPHIDIUS, Fr.</h3> + +<p><b>glutinosus</b>, Schaeff. P. 4-10 cm. obtuse, glutinous, purplish-brown; +g. slightly decur. whitish then grey; s. 4-9 cm. whitish, +ring indistinct, solid, flesh white, yellow at base; sp. 18-20 × 6-7.</p> + +<p>var. <i>roseus</i>, Fr. Smaller. P. rosy; s. white, base rosy outside +and inside.</p> + +<p><b>viscidus</b>, Sow. P. 5-12 cm. fleshy, at length umb. edge acute, +viscid, reddish-brown; g. decur. purple-umber, branched; s. 6-10 cm. +yellow-brown, flesh yellow-brown, deepest at base; sp. 18-20 × 6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>testaceus</i>, Fr. P. and base of s. outside and in brick-red; +g. plano-decur.</p> + +<p><b>maculatus</b>, Scop. P. 5-7 cm. convex, viscid, whitish, spotted +with black when old; g. decur. branched, umber; s. 3-4 cm. +cylindrical, yellow, flesh reddish.</p> + +<p>var. <i>Cookei</i>, Mass. P. 2-4 cm. convex then either subdepr. or +gibbous, viscid, whitish with black stains; g. decur. whitish then +brownish; s. 6 cm. narrowed downwards, pale then blackish, flesh +dark at base; sp. 20 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_213" id="Page_213">[Pg 213]</a></span></p><p><b>gracilis</b>, B. P. 2-3 cm. conical then hemispher. sometimes +depr. and subumb. vinous brown, or tan with gluten that leaves +blackish spots; g. decur. whitish then bistre; s. 3-5 cm. flexuous, +pallid, base yellow; sp. 16-18 × 5.</p> + + +<h3>HYPHOLOMA, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <span class="smcap">Fasciculares</span>. <i>Pileus tough, glabrous, bright coloured +when dry, not hygr.</i></div> + +<p><b>silaceum</b>, Pers. P. 6-8 cm. convex, orange-rufous, edge whitish +and silky; g. adnate, grey then olive; s. 6-7 cm. bulbous, shining; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Fries says it is solitary, Secretan says caespitose from a common +base.</p> + +<p><b>sublateritium</b>, Schaeff. P. 4-9 cm. convexo-plane, discoid, +dry, becoming glabrous, orange brick-red, edge pale, flesh compact, +whitish; g. adnate, white then smoky olive; s. 6-10 cm. fibrillose, +rusty; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p>var. <i>Schaefferi</i>, Fr. P. yellow; s. hollow, equal.</p> + +<p>var. <i>squamosa</i>, Fr. P. brick-red, edge yellow with superficial +scales, flesh thick, yellowish.</p> + +<p>[<b>transversum</b>, Gill. P. exp. obtusely umb. glabrous, brick-red, +disc darker; g. yellowish, narrowed at both ends, connected by +strong veins; s. solid, glabrous, pale above, base rusty.</p> + +<p><b>capnoides</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. convexo-plane, obtuse, very glabrous, +yellow or tinged tawny; g. adnate, grey then purplish; s. 5-9 cm. +pallid, slightly silky; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>epixanthum</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. exp. subgibbous, silky then +glabrous, pale yellow, disc often tawny, flesh yellow; g. yellowish +white then grey; s. 7-10 cm. floccosely fibrillose, whitish, apex +mealy; sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>elaeodes</b>, Fr. P. 2-4 cm. exp. subumb. dry, glabrous, brick-red, +flesh yellow; g. green then pure olive; s. 5-9 cm. fibrillose, rusty; +sp. 5-6 × 3-4.</p> + +<p><b>fasciculare</b>, Huds. Fasciculate, taste bitter. P. 2-5 cm. exp. +subumb. tawny, edge pale; g. adnate, closely crowded, yellow then +greenish, subliquescent; s. 6-9 cm. hollow, fibrillose, flesh like that +of p. yellow; sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p>Said to be a parasite on the roots of raspberry.</p> + +<p><b>instratum</b>, Britz. P. 2-4 cm. convex, broadly umb. dark brown, +radially rugose; g. adnate; s. 5-7 cm. squamulose and brownish +downwards; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>aelopodium</b>, Fr. P. fleshy, convex then plane, obtuse, glabrous, +rufescent; g. adnate, yellowish then brownish-olive; s. fistulose with +a free tube inside, variegated with minute red squamules.</p> + +<p><b>dispersum</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. P. fleshy, exp. obtuse, tawny, +honey-colour near the edge and silky; s. 5-9 cm. tough, silky-fibrillose, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_214" id="Page_214">[Pg 214]</a></span>base brownish; g. subventricose, crowded, then clouded; +sp. 7 × 3-4. (14 × 6 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>[<b>irroratum</b>, Karst. P. convex, plane, gibbous, even, tawny +honey-colour, edge silky pruinose; g. adnate, crowded, edge dentate, +straw-colour then darker and tinged green; s. tough, fibrillosely-silky, +pallid, equal, wavy below and with dense rusty down, rooting; +sp. 6-8 × 4.</p> + +<p>Smell and taste very sour. Differs from <i>H. dispersum</i> in stem +and silky silvery edge of p.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <span class="smcap">Viscidi</span>. <i>Pileus naked, viscid.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>Gilletii</b>, Alex. P. exp. glutinous, rusty or ochre, edge lilac; g. +adnate, reddish-violet; s. solid, curved, strigosely-squamose, colour +of p.</p> + +<p><b>incomptum</b>, Mass. P. 6-9 cm. campan. then exp. broadly umb. +viscid when moist, deep bay-brown, tawny-orange when dry, edge +wavy; g. olive clouded purple; s. 6-7 cm. rusty squamulose; sp. +8 × 3.5.</p> + +<p><b>oedipus</b>, Cke. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. hemispher. edge ragged, glutinous, +umber edge paler; g. adnate; s. 4-5 cm. enlarged downwards to +the bulbous base, ring median; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>Buxbaumii</b>, Weinm. P. exp. even, glabrous, viscid, yellowish-white; +g. adnate, greyish-black; s. solid, long, equal, shining-white; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>Prescotii</b>, Weinm. P. exp. glabrous, viscid, rufescent; g. adnate, +crowded, grey then fuscous-violet; s. stuffed, equal, elastic, white, +with pale rufescent squamules.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">*** <span class="smcap">Velutini</span>. <i>Pileus innately fibrillose, silky +or virgate.</i></div> + +<p><b>storea</b>, Fr. P. 6-7 cm. convexo-plane, umb. dry, fibrillose with +longitudinal fibrils, pale fuscous then pallid; g. adnate, dry, edge +white-serrulate; s. 8-10 cm. solid, pallid; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>lacrymabundum</b>, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. convex, obtuse, piloso-squamose, +scales innate darker, whitish then darker; g. adnate, +crowded, brownish-purple; s. hollow, fibrillosely-squamulose, whitish, +flesh whitish; sp. 10 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>hypoxanthum</i> (= <i>Ag. hypoxanthus</i>, Phil. and Plow.). Base +of s. and mycelium yellow; sp. 9-11 × 5.</p> + +<p>Quélet considers this species to be identical with his <i>Stroph. +cotonea</i>.</p> + +<p><b>pyrotrichum</b>, Holmsk. P. 5-9 cm. hemispher. densely covered +with tawny-red squamules of fasciculate hairs; flesh and veil tawny; +g. adnate; s. 6-9 cm. fibrillose, tawny; sp. 11 × 6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>egregius</i>, Mass. S. with spreading whitish squamules largest +near ring.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_215" id="Page_215">[Pg 215]</a></span></p><p><b>velutinum</b>, Pers. P. 5-9 cm. campan. then exp. at length obtusely +umb. hygr. at first tomentose with adpr. fibrils then glabrous, +livid then paler, flesh very thin; g. seceding, brownish-bay, spotted +black; s. hollow, silky, pallid; sp. 10-12 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>leiocephalum</i>, B. and Br. Smaller; disc rugged, smooth +except margin.</p> + +<p>Quélet considers this species to represent the true <i>Ag. lachrymabundus</i> +of Bulliard, tab. 194.</p> + +<p>[<b>melantinum</b>, Fr. P. campan. then exp. umber then pale, +variegated with black innate pilose squamules; g. adnexed, ventricose, +pale umber; s. fistulose, pallid, fibrillosely hispid; sp. 6-7 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>[<b>lepidotum</b>, Bres. P. convex, exp. subgibbous, chestnut, centre +fuscous, with black fibrils which are here and there compacted into +squamules, densely striate; g. crowded, almost free, purple-brown, +edge fimbriate, white; s. white, apex white-scurfy, veil evanescent; +sp. 7-8 × 4-5.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">**** <span class="smcap">Floccolusi</span>. <i>Pileus with superficial, floccose +scales which fall away.</i></div> + +<p><b>cascum</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. oval then exp. rugulose, becoming +glabrous, greyish ochre then pale; g. ventricose, dry, very broad, +grey then blackish brown; s. 5-9 cm. hollow, fibrillose, white; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>sylvestre</b>, Gill. P. conical then exp. obtuse, white at first, soon +covered with large, adpressed brown or blackish, fibrillose scales, +margin appendiculate at first; g. crowded; s. cylindrical, wavy, +white.</p> + +<p><b>punctulatum</b>, Kalchbr. Caespitose. P. 2-3 cm. convex, edge +incurved, pallid, minutely squamulose; g. sinuato-adnate; s. 2-5 cm. +squamuloso-fibrillose up to ring; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>coriarium</b>, Vitt. P. convex then depr. discoid, floccosely scaly +then almost glabrous, clay-colour, disc darker; g. pinkish then ochre; +s. hollow, clavate, apex dilated.</p> + +<p>[<b>intonsum</b>, Pass. P. flocculosely tomentose, veil membranaceous, +appendiculate spreading; g. adnate, rosy then bay, edge white crenulate; +s. hollow, white, striate, apex flocculose.</p> + +<p>[<b>artemisiae</b>, Passer. P. thin, exp. flocculose, edge incurved, +white veil evident; g. adnate, crowded, white then fuscescent, edge +white, entire; s. thick, white, apex narrowed and striate, base +floccose.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">***** <span class="smcap">Appendiculati</span>. <i>Pileus glabrous, hygrophanous.</i></div> + +<p><b>lanaripes</b>, Cke. P. 3-5 cm. exp. edge upturned, centre conical, +pallid, squamose, veil attached to margin; g. adnexed; s. 4-7 cm. +fibrillose, white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>coronatum</b>, Fr. P. exp. obtuse, glabrous, subisabelline centre +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_216" id="Page_216">[Pg 216]</a></span>darker and variegated with darker spots, edge with tooth-like fragments +of veil; g. adnate, closely crowded, very narrow; s. glabrous, +even, white.</p> + +<p><b>Candolleanum</b>, Fr. P. 3-6 cm. campan. then exp. bay then +whitish, apex tinged ochre, pruinose; g. sinuate, lilac then purple-brown, +edge white; s. 4-7 cm. fistulose, slender, fibrillose, apex +striate, veil membranous, forming a ring or appendiculate, white; +sp. 8-10 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>H. appendiculatum</i> in the gills being lilac or violet +when young.</p> + +<p>[<b>violaceo-atrum</b>, Letell. Caespitose. P. conical then exp. umb. +dusky violet; g. brownish violet; s. fistulose, even, whitish.</p> + +<p><b>appendiculatum</b>, Bull. P. 4-7 cm. ovate then exp. bay then +whitish, rugulose, and atomate; g. white then fleshy brown; s. +5-7 cm. glabrous, white; sp. 5 × 2.5. (6-8 × 3-4 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>H. Candolleanum</i> by absence of violet in gills when +young.</p> + +<p><b>hydrophilum</b>, Bull. (<i>Bolbitius</i>, Fr.). Tufted. P. 3-5 cm. convex +then exp. often rather wavy and rugulose, glabrous, bay then +ochre; g. adnexed, crowded, with beads of moisture, fuscous-cinnamon; +s. 4-5 cm. pallid; sp. 5 × 3, rusty cinnamon.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>Psil. spadicea</i> in the rusty cinnamon gills and +spores.</p> + +<p>[<b>sublentum</b>, Karst. P. tough, campan.-convex, exp. obtuse, +wavy, rugulose towards the edge which is silky from veil, glabrous, +hygr. smoky rufous or brown then pale; g. adnate, purplish brown, +edge white, flocculosely crenate; s. fibrous, hollow, white, veil +append.; sp. 8-10 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>subpapillatum</b>, Karst. Caespitose. P. exp. wavy, glabrous, +rough with minute crowded warts, bay or rufous-cinnamon then pale +ochre and wrinkled; g. dry; s. equal, silky-shining, apex striate and +pruinose, becoming pale; sp. 5 × 2.5-3.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>Hypholoma appendiculatum</i> in granulose p.</p> + +<p><b>catarium</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. hemispher. exp. ochraceous then +pale; g. adnate, white then fuscous; s. 3-4 cm. white, rather shining, +base thickened and white-floccose; sp. 6 × 3.</p> + +<p><b>leucotephrum</b>, B. and Br. Tufted. P. 5-7 cm. campan. exp. +whitish, rugose, append.; g. grey then blackish; s. 6-9 cm. apex +coarsely striate, ring ample; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>felinum</b>, Pass. P. hemispher. exp. glabrous, hygr.; g. adnate, +white, then fuscous; s. fistulose, short, slender, somewhat shining, +base thickened and white floccose, apex striate.</p> + +<p><b>egenulum</b>, B. and Br. Solitary. P. 2-3 cm. exp. umb. watery +white, smooth, edge appendiculate; g. purplish umber, edge white; +s. 4-5 cm. fistulose; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>pilulaeforme</b>, Bull. P. 1.5-2 cm. globose then exp. even, fuscous +then ochre; g. white then brownish; s. 2-3 cm. white, at first with +a ring; sp. ——.</p> +</li></ol> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_217" id="Page_217">[Pg 217]</a></span></p><h3>PANAEOLUS, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Pileus viscid, shining when dry.</i></div> + +<p><b>leucophanes</b>, B. and Br. P. 2 cm. campan. obtuse, whitish, +satiny, edge with fragments of veil; g. adnate, edge white; s. +4-5 cm. white, slightly wavy; sp. 11-13 × 7-8.</p> + +<p><b>egregius</b>, Mass. P. 4-5 cm. ovate-campan. even, orange-brown; +g. adnexed, broad, edge paler; s. 9-12 cm. pale brown; sp. 15-17 +× 7-8.</p> + +<p><b>phalenarum</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. campan.-convex, obtuse, greyish +then yellowish, veil append.; g. broad, greyish then black; s. +6-10 cm. equal, pruinose, pale rufescent; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. papilionaceus</i> in viscid p.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Pileus not viscid, moist, subflocculose when dry.</i></div> + +<p><b>retirugis</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. globose then hemisph. subumb. pinkish +tan, atomate, opaque, with anastomosing raised ribs; g. greyish +black; s. 5-9 cm. equal, pruinose, purplish; sp. 11-13 × 7. (15-20 +× 8-9 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>Margin often appendiculate.</p> + +<p>[<b>remotus</b>, Schaeff. P. campan.-convex, subumb. flocculosely-rugulose +when dry, smoky-tawny; g. free, at length remote, ventricose, +black; s. fistulose, slender, fuscescent; sp. 11-12 × 8-9.</p> + +<p><b>sphinctrinus</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. parabolic, obtuse, even, moist, +grey or smoky-black, livid and rather silky when dry, veil append.; +g. adnate, grey or olive then blackish with a very narrow white edge; +s. 4-7 cm. sooty grey, apex even; sp. 15-17 × 9-10.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">*** <i>Pileus not viscid, smooth, rather polished, +zoneless.</i></div> + +<p><b>campanulatus</b>, L. P. 2-3 cm. campan. slightly viscid, sooty grey, +paler and the cuticle often cracking or peeling when dry; g. adfixed, +crowded, grey spotted with black, often with beads of moisture; s. +fistulose, rufescent or reddish-grey, everywhere pruinose, summit +striate; sp. 8-9 × 6. (15-18 × 9-13, Sacc.)</p> + +<p><b>papilionaceus</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. hemispher. pruinose, greyish, +cracked into squamules when dry; g. broadly adnate, very broad, +grey spotted with black; s. 6-9 cm. whitish, apex with white meal; +sp. 11-12 × 7. (18 long, Quélet.)</p> + +<p>[<b>subfirmus</b>, Karst. P. convex then plane, centre subdepr. but +also subumb. even, glabrous, shining, disc subrugulose, dry, pale, +smoky line often present near edge; g. adnexed with decur. tooth, +lanceolate, black; s. wavy, glabrous, pale, apex flocculosely scaly; sp. +12-14 × 7-9.</p> + +<p><b>caliginosus</b>, Jungh. P. 2 cm. campan. obtuse, even, brown; g. +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_218" id="Page_218">[Pg 218]</a></span>adnexed, lanceolate; s. 4-7 cm. equal, even, naked, colour of p.; sp. +10 × 6-7. (16-18 × 10 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>[<b>Quéletii</b>, Schulz. Solitary, hygr. P. conical, even, pale umber +disc fuscescent; g. free, ventricose, blackish, edge white; s. straight, +thinner upwards, tinged reddish; sp. 13-14 long.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">**** <i>Pileus dry, with a dark marginal zone.</i></div> + +<p><b>subbalteatus</b>, B. and Br. Caespitose. P. 3-5 cm. convex, +hygr. fawn-colour, rugose when dry; g. adnate, edge white, serrulate; +s. 4-6 cm. red-brown, fibrous, white-fibrillose; sp. 14-15 × 8-9.</p> + +<p><b>acuminatus</b>, Fr. P. conico-campan. 1.5-2.5 cm. thin, glabrous, +shining, pinkish-buff, with a dark line near the edge; g. adnexed, +very broad, whitish then grey, finally dusky bistre; s. 2-3 cm. +slender, fistulose, whitish, shining, base brownish, thickened, white +and downy; sp. 18 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>guttulatus</b>, Bres. P. convexo-exp. often subumb. edge involute +then spreading, black, then disc tawny, at first with grey bloom; g. +colour of p. edge white pruinose then fringed with drops; s. equal, +fistulose, tinged fuscous then greyish-scurfy; sp. 10 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>fimicola</b>, Fr. P. 2 cm. campan.-convex, obtuse, grey then yellowish; +g. adnate, broad; s. 5-9 cm. pallid, with white meal upwards; +sp. 16 × 8-10.</p> + +<p>var. <i>cinctulus</i>, Bolton. P. reddish-cinnamon; s. dingy brown.</p> + +<p>[<b>hypomelas</b>, Batt. P. exp. rufous-tomentose, disc blackish; g. +crowded, intensely black; s. stuffed, narrowed downwards, greyish-white.</p> + +<p>[<b>gomphodes</b>, Batt. P. campan.-convex, gibbous, dusky rufous, +pannose when dry; g. free, blackish; s. stout, rigid, ascending, +flocculose, rufescent, veil arachnoid.</p> + +<p>[<b>Larchenfeldii</b>, Schulz. P. subgl. silvery, silky shining, subumbil. +deeply sulcate, edge grey, wavy; g. irreg. plicate; s. hollow, with +brown fibrils.</p> +</li></ol> + +<h3>PSATHYRELLA, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Stem straight, glabrous.</i></div> + +<p><b>subatrata</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. campan. obtuse, rufous-umber, paler +when dry, edge striate; g. adnate, crowded; s. 8-10 cm. fistulose, +white then pallid; sp. 12-15 × 6-8.</p> + +<p><b>gracilis</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. campan. smoky or greyish then rosy, +slightly striate only when moist; g. broadly adnate, edge rosy; s. +6-7 cm. fragile, straight, pallid; sp. 7 × 3.5. (12-14 × 6-8 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>Pileus tinged rose and rugulose when dry.</p> + +<p>[<b>longicauda</b>, Karst. P. convex, glabrous, pellucidly striate to +umbo, smoky yellow, hygr.; g. adnate, crowded, blackish purple, edge +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_219" id="Page_219">[Pg 219]</a></span>white; s. fistulose, equal, subglabrous, apex white-mealy, remarkably +rooting; sp. 13-16 × 7-9.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. gracilis</i> in larger sp., white edge to g., and +rooting stem.</p> + +<p>[<b>squamifera</b>, Karst. P. campan. obtuse, pellucidly striate to +middle, rugulose, livid fuscous, pale tan when dry, with scattered, +white fibrillose scales; g. adnate, entirely grey then fuscescent; s. equal, +silky, apex pruinoso-flocculose then almost glabrous, pallid, base +oblique, strigosely rooting; sp. 11-13 × 6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. gracilis</i> in silky s., gills all one colour, &c.</p> + +<p>[<b>impatiens</b>, Fr. P. thin, campan. obtuse, livid yellow, furcato-sulcate; +g. adnate; s. straight, weak, white; sp. 12-15 × 6-8.</p> + +<p>[<b>biformis</b>, Schulz. P. conic, even, glabrous, white then tinged +flesh-colour; g. sinuato-adnexed, ventricose; s. filiform, glabrous, +even, whitish; sp. 11-14 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>hiascens</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. campan. brownish, fisso-sulcate; g. +adnato-linear; s. 3-4 cm. straight, glabrous, white; sp. 7 × 3.5. +(10-12 × 7-10 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>[<b>gracilipes</b>, Pat. P. persistently campan. sulcate up to disc, +reddish-brown; g. nearly free, broad, blackish, subdeliquescent; s. +slender, tall, rigid, hollow, whitish, ring median, very distinct, fugacious; +sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>arata</b>, B. P. 2-3 cm. campan.-conic, rather acute, brown then +paler, coarsely sulcate; g. free; s. 8-12 cm. white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>trepida</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. campan. obtuse, fragile, densely and +finely striate, dusky; g. ventricose, crowded; s. 6-7 cm. pellucid, +hyaline; sp. 12 diam.</p> + +<p><b>hydrophora</b>, Bull. P. 2-3 cm. campan. then exp. and striate, +edge revolute, disc rufous; g. adnate, crowded, narrow; s. 5-7 cm. +straight from a curved base, white, beaded with drops of water; sp. +11-18 × 7-8.</p> + +<p>[<b>graveolens</b>, Sacc. Smell strong. P. convex, exp. obtusely umb. +blackish fuscous, silky-atomate; g. rather crowded, broadish, black; +s. slender, cylindrical, glabrous, fuscous; sp. 5-6 × 2.</p> + +<p>[<b>ampelina</b>, Foex and Viala. P. conical then exp. almost smooth, +pale brown, thin, slightly pilose; g. crowded, narrow, rosy violet then +greyish brown; s. white, shining, springing from a copious creeping +mycelium; sp. 4-5 long.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Stem more or less flexuous, apex mealy.</i></div> + +<p><b>caudata</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. conico-campan. striate, hygr. dry, disc +even, pinkish tan; g. adnate, very broad; s. 7-11 cm. slightly narrowed +to rooting base, whitish; sp. 12-15 × 6-9.</p> + +<p>[<b>circellatipes</b>, Ben. Caespitose, hygr. P. conico-campan. pilose +then glabrous, rufous-brown then tawny ochre, at last pale ochre; g. +blackish, edge white, denticulate; s. long, white or pallid, apex +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_220" id="Page_220">[Pg 220]</a></span>mealy, base with several delicate, narrow, tawny ochre rings; sp. +13-15 × 8-9.</p> + +<p>[<b>sulcata</b>, Dun. P. campan. umb. bay then blackish; g. broad, +subliquescent; s. stuffed, equal.</p> + +<p>[<b>asperella</b>, Q. P. cinnamon, apex darker, becoming pale, whitish +and transparent, squamulose when young; g. distant, narrowed at +both ends, whitish then powdered with the black spores; s. short, +thick, cylindrical then elongated, wavy, white, base often swollen; +sp. 6-9 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>prona</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. hemispher. striate, hygr. smoky, opaque +and silky-atomate when dry; g. adnate, grey then dusky-violet, edge +often rosy; s. 2-3 cm. equal, flexuous, whitish; sp. 10 × 4-5. +(12-18 × 8-9 Sacc.)</p> + +<p><b>empyreumatica</b>, B. and Br. Strong scented. P. 2-3 cm. exp. +hygr. rufous then pale and atomate; g. adnate, broad, connected by +veins, edge pale; s. 4-6 cm. silkily-scurfy, pale; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Closely resembling <i>Pholiota confragosa</i>.</p> + +<p>[<b>infida</b>, Q. P. conical, 1 cm. very thin, floccosely downy, greyish +bistre; g. adnate, triangular, distant, creamy then flesh-colour, finally +bay with a white edge; s. fistulose, filiform, wavy, somewhat pruinose, +pinkish bistre; sp. 12 long.</p> + +<p><b>atomata</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. campan. obtuse, slightly striate, hygr., +rugulose, atomate, pale ochre, whitish, or tinged rose when dry; g. +adnate, broad; s. 4-5 cm. slightly flexuous, white, apex scurfy; sp. +10 × 4. (13-15 × 5-8 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. gracile</i> in flexuous and scurfy s. and not rose-edged +gills.</p> + +<p>var. <i>expolita</i>, Fr. Smaller. P. conical, edge striate; s. undulating, +glabrous; sp. 12-14 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>subatomata</b>, Karst. P. campan. obtuse, fragile, deeply striate, +hygr. rugose when dry, grey or livid, centre more or less bay, tinged +rosy when dry; g. adnexed, ventricose, greyish then black, edge rosy; +hyaline, pallid, white when dry, apex pruinose, base fibrously rooting; +sp. 10-14 × 5-7.</p> + +<p>[<b>subrosea</b>, Karst. P. campan.-convex, obtuse, entirely striate, +naked, livid fuscous, rosy in dry weather; g. adnate, segmentoid, +grey, edge rosy; s. wavy, naked, whitish; sp. 10-13 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>expolita</b>, Fr. Small. P. conical, edge striate, and with the +wavy stem, glabrous; g. not crowded, greyish-brown; s. 12-14 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>crenata</b>, Lasch. P. 1.5-2 cm. hemispher. sulcate, edge crenate, +yellowish and atomate when dry; g. adnate; s. 3-5 cm. whitish, +striate and mealy upwards; sp. 11-13 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>disseminata</b>, Pers. Densely tufted. P. 1-1.5 cm. ovate-campan. +furfuraceous then naked, sulcate, yellowish then grey; g. adnate; s. +2-3 cm. lax, scurfy then glabrous; sp. 6-10 × 3-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>consimilis</b>, Bres. and Henn. P. conico-campan. exp. hyaline +yellowish at first then centre yellowish, edge greyish-fuscous, striate, +glabrous; g. rotundato-adnate, white then flesh-colour, then blackish-brown, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_221" id="Page_221">[Pg 221]</a></span>edge white fimbriate; s. hyaline white, fibrillose then almost +glabrous; sp. 6-7 × 3.5-4, cystidia fusoideo-ventricose.</p> + +<p>[<b>subtilis</b>, Fr. P. campan. obtuse, almost glabrous, hygr. pellucidly +striate when moist, ochre then pale; g. adnate, edge whitish; +s. filiform, lax, glabrous; sp. 12-16 × 5-8.</p> + +<p>With a scurfy veil when young?</p> +</li></ol> + +<h3>PSATHYRA, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">I. <span class="smcap">Conopilei</span>. <i>Pileus conico-campanulate; gills +ascending, adnexed, often free.</i></div> + +<p><b>elata</b>, Mass. P. 3-5 cm. high, obtusely campan. even, glabrous, +dark brown then pale and atomate; g. adnate; s. 9-15 cm. straight, +slightly narrowed upwards, white, shining; sp. 18 × 8-9.</p> + +<p><b>conopilea</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. campan. even, glabrous, bay then +pale; g. slightly adnexed; s. 8-14 cm. narrowed upwards, white, +shining; sp. 14 × 7.</p> + +<p><b>mastigera</b>, B. and Br. P. 3-5 cm. nearly cylindrical obtuse +then conico-campan. with a strong umbo, usually wavy, brown then +pale; g. affixed, umber, edge pale; s. 6-7 cm. whitish or tinged +purple; sp. 15-16 × 7-8.</p> + +<p><b>glareosa</b>, B. and Br. P. 1.5 cm. campan. grey, striate, minutely +tomentose; g. broadly adnate; s. 3-5 cm. brown with white fibrils; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>griseobadia</b>, Pat. P. hemispher. striate, pruinosely pulverulent, +dry, tough, reddish-fuscous; g. numerous, unequal, entire, adnate, +fuscous; s. slender, glabrous, reddish, dry, tough; sp. 10 × 7.</p> + +<p>[<b>Loscosii</b>, Rab. P. thin, campan.-exp. greyish fuscous, sulcate, +folds at length granulato-crenate, edge incurved; g. adnate; s. long, +tough, equal, pallid fuscescent.</p> + +<p><b>corrugis</b>, Pers. P. 3-5 cm. campan. umb. rather rugose, pale +ochre often tinged pink; g. sinuate, adnexed; s. 4-7 cm. equal, glabrous, +white; sp. 12-14 × 6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>vinosus</i>, Corda. P. with rosy tinge; s. short.</p> + +<p>var. <i>gracilis</i>, Bull. (= <i>P. pellosperma</i>, Cke.). Slenderer than +type.</p> + +<p>[<b>Barlae</b>, Bresad. P. campan. exp. purplish brown then reddish +umber, centre tawny, reticulately rugulose; g. purplish then fuscous, +edge white; s. tall, stout, hollow, purplish upwards inside and out, +pale below, base strigose, veil white; sp. 12-15 × 7-8.</p> + +<p>[<b>torpens</b>, Weinm. P. campan. obtuse, even, becoming pale; g. +dry, brown, edge white; s. slender, glabrous, white.</p> + +<p>var. <i>astrospora</i>, Q. Subhygr. very fragile, blackish grey then +fuscescent, glabrous; g. adnato-decur. dusky brown-purple then +blackish; s. straight, rigid, hollow, white, striate and white-mealy +above; sp. black, 11-14 × 5.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_222" id="Page_222">[Pg 222]</a></span></p><p><b>tenuicula</b>, Karst. P. very thin, campan. subexp. everywhere +striate, whitish, then livid or smoky, pale when dry; g. adnate, pallid +then grey; s. usually wavy, hyaline, pellucid, glabrous; sp. 5-6 × 3.</p> + +<p>[<b>subliquescens</b>, Schum. P. conico-exp. brown-striate, viscid; g. +nearly free, subliquescent; s. elongated, attenuated, straight, pale +brown.</p> + +<p>[<b>typhae</b>, Kalchb. Small. P. thin, convex, striate, glabrous, +pallid ochre then pale umber; g. nearly free, whitish then fuscous; +s. naked, whitish, seated on an orbicular membranaceous arachnoid +mycelium.</p> + +<p>var. <i>iridis</i>, Boud. P. fuscous, striate, umbo rugulose, semipellucid; +s. with a median ring; sp. 10-13 × 6-7.</p> + +<p>[<b>stricta</b>, Trog. P. campan. silky-even, dry, pallid; g. adnexed, +subdeliquescent, purplish umber; s. tall, straight, glabrous, white.</p> + +<p><b>gyroflexa</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. conico-campan. striate, atomate, grey, +disc rufescent when dry; g. adnexed; s. 3-5 cm. flexuous, silky, +white; sp. 8-10 × 4-5.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">II. <span class="smcap">Obtusati</span>. <i>Pileus campanulato-convex, expanding, +glabrous or atomate, gills plano- or arcuato-adfixed.</i></div> + +<p><b>spadiceo-grisea</b>, Schaeff. P. 3-4 cm. conico-campan. then exp. +subumb. glabrous, striate to middle, hygr. bay then greyish; g. +narrow; sp. 8-10 long.</p> + +<p><b>obtusata</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. campan. then exp. obtuse, glabrous, +corrugated, hygr. rather shining, umber then pale; g. adnate; s. +2-4 cm. pallid, base incurved; sp. 6-7 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>ombrophila</b>, Karst. P. plane, orbicular, subgibbous, even, +granular; g. adnexed, blackish; s. reddish, base subtuberous; sp. +yellowish, 4-6 × 2-3.</p> + +<p><b>neglecta</b>, Mass. P. 6-8 mm. convex then exp. even, glabrous, +pale ochre, atomate and whitish when dry; g. purple-brown; s. +2-3 cm. rather wavy, white, pellucid; sp. 12 × 6; cystidia abundant, +fusiform.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. urticaecola</i> in glabrous p.</p> + +<p>[<b>fagicola</b>, Lasch. P. thin, campan. obtuse, striate, viscid, greenish-blue, +sublivid, fuscescent; g. adnexed then separating, subliquescent, +brown.</p> + +<p>[<b>Falkii</b>, Weinm. P. thin, hemispher.-exp. pellucid, moist, hygr. +mealy grey when dry; g. laxly adfixed, ventricose, umber then +fuscous-purple.</p> + +<p>[<b>solitaria</b>, K. Fragile. P. campan.-exp. glabrous, umber, pallid +tan when dry; s. fistulose, equal, whitish, fibrillose, base with white +down; sp. 6-7 × 3, cystidia ventricose-fusoid.</p> + +<p>[<b>pallens</b>, Karst. P. convex, even, often rugulose when dry, +atomate, naked, whitish when dry; g. subadnate, ascending, grey, +edge rosy; s. equal, straight, naked, pallid; sp. 18-25 × 12-13; +cystidia fusoid.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_223" id="Page_223">[Pg 223]</a></span></p> +</li><li><div class="key">III. <span class="smcap">Fibrillosi</span>. <i>Pileus and stem floccose or fibrillose at +first from the universal veil.</i></div> + +<p><b>frustulenta</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. hemisph. obtuse, slightly striate, +albo-floccose at edge, pallid brown, hygr.; g. adnate, cinnamon; s. +4-5 cm. rather wavy, flocculose, white; sp. 10 × 4, pale rusty brown. +(5-7 × 3-4 Sacc.)</p> + +<p>Much like a <i>Galera</i> in colour of sp.</p> + +<p>[<b>bipellis</b>, Q. P. campan. then exp. 2-3 cm. hygr. purple-bay +then micaceous and rosy, edge with white silky flecks; g. adnate, rosy +then dusky violet with a narrow white edge; s. fistulose, fragile, +mealy at the apex, downy then satiny, white, often tinged violet; sp. +15 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>subunda</b>, Karst. P. conico-convex, exp. umb. atomate, pellucidly +striate, even, glabrous, pale tan or pale livid, whitish when dry, with +scattered fibrils; g. adnate, crowded, grey then tinged violet, finally +brown; s. cylindrical, shining, white; sp. 8-9 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>Schulzeri</b>, Q. (= <i>Ag. flavescens</i>, Q.) P. conoid-hemisph. then +exp. white, apex yellow or brown, even; g. purple-brown, edge whitish; +s. cartilaginous, glabrous, white; sp. 5-8 long.</p> + +<p><b>bifrons</b>, B. and Br. P. 1-2 cm. campan. obtuse, rugulose, +brownish-ochre, at first fibrillose; g. adnate, edge toothed; s. +4-7 cm. naked, shining, white; sp. 8 × 4.</p> + +<p>var. <i>semitincta</i>, Phil. P. pinkish; sp. 12 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>semivestita</b>, B. and Br. P. 1.5-2 cm. ovate-campan. obtuse, +even, bay then pale ochre, when young lower half white-fibrillose; +g. broad; s. 5-7 cm. white, fibrillose below; sp. 10-12 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>fatuus</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. ovato-campan. then exp. rugose, +fibrillose then glabrous, dingy ochre then pale; g. adnate, brown; +s. 5-9 cm. white, apex striate, mealy; sp. 12-13 × 6-7.</p> + +<p><b>fibrillosa</b>, Pers. P. 3-4 cm. campan. then exp. slightly striate, +fibrillose, livid then pale; g. adnate, very broad behind; s. 4-5 cm. +white, fibrilloso-squamulose; sp. 12 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>Gordoni</b>, B. and Br. Densely tufted. P. 2-4 cm. campan. +pale grey then white, floccose, edge sulcate; g. grey; s. 4-5 cm. +white, floccose below; sp. 14-15 long.</p> + +<p><b>helobia</b>, Kalchbr. P. 2-4 cm. campan. then plane with concentric +ridges; radiately rugose, subumb. sooty brown, pale when +dry; g. adnate, sooty brown; s. 6-8 cm. reddish umber with white +squamules; sp. 12 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>pennata</b>, Fr. P. 2-3 cm. campan. obtuse, even, with feathery +white squamules, pale ochre; g. adnexed, broad; s. 4-5 cm. +villose, silvery; sp. 7-8 × 5.</p> + +<p>var. <i>fimicola</i>, Bern. P. rusty ochre; g. black, with a decur. +tooth.</p> + +<p>var. <i>squamosa</i>, Karst. Stem everywhere with squarrose white +floccose scales; sp. 5-6 × 3.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_224" id="Page_224">[Pg 224]</a></span></p><p><b>gossypina</b>, Bull. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. campan. then exp. tomentose, +soon glabrous, edge striate, pale ochre; g. adnexed; s. 4-5 cm. +tomentose, whitish; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>squamosa</b>, Karst. P. campan. exp. tawny-fuscous, tan and +scaly when dry; g. adnate, crowded; s. equal, wavy, undulate, +apex mealy then glabrous, shining; sp. 6-10 × 3-5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. gossypina</i> and <i>P. pennata</i> in colour of p. and +smaller sp.</p> + +<p><b>noli-tangere</b>, Fr. Very fragile. P. 1-2 cm. campan.-exp. +everywhere striate, hygr. squamulose near edge, pale umber then +pale; g. adnate, broad; s. brownish, apex smooth; sp. 12 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>laureata</b>, Q. P. convex, mammilate, glabrous, slightly viscid, +greyish bistre, edge with a double row of snow-white flecks; g. +subdecur. broad, triangular, greyish lilac; s. pruinose at summit, +minutely velvety, clear grey; sp. 8 long.</p> + +<p>Resembles <i>P. noli-tangere</i> in appearance.</p> + +<p><b>microrhiza</b>, Lasch. P. 2-3 cm. campan. even, dry, atomate, +at first yellow-pilose; g. crowded, narrow; s. 4-5 cm. silky, white, +rooting; sp. 10-11 × 6.</p> + +<p><b>urticaecola</b>, B. and Br. P. 4-5 mm. campan. flocculent, edge +becoming striate, white; g. chocolate; s. 1-2 cm. flocculent, white; +sp. 7 × 4.</p> +</li></ol> + +<h3>PSILOCYBE, Fr.</h3> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">I. <span class="smcap">Tenaces</span>. <i>Veil accidental, rarely conspicuous. Stem +callous, flexile, often coloured. Pileus pelliculose, often +viscid in damp weather, becoming somewhat pale, +clear coloured.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Gills ventricose, not decurrent.</i></div> + +<p><b>sarcocephala</b>, Fr. P. 4-9 cm. compact, exp. mealy then +glabrous, pallid rusty; g. adnate, very broad, grey then purplish +bistre; s. 7-12 cm. whitish, apex mealy; sp. 7 × 3.5.</p> + +<p>[<b>pertinax</b>, Fr. P. convexo-plane, obtuse, reticulately rugose, +dusky-brown, disc even; g. adnate, crowded, rusty-brown; s. hollow, +fibrillosely striate, pallid.</p> + +<p><b>nemophila</b>, Alex. P. exp. brick-red, even; g. deeply decur. very +narrow, edge crisped-dentate; s. solid, pale, fusiformly narrowed.</p> + +<p><b>helvola</b>, Schaeff. P. 2-3 cm. conical then convex, yellow-brown, +disc darkest; g. broadly adnate, broad, purple-umber, edge whitish; +s. 5-6 cm. flexuous, pale, hollow; sp. obliquely elliptical, warted, +9-10 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>atrobrunnea</b>, Lasch. P. campan.-convex, umb. even, brownish; +g. adnexed then seceding, rather distant, brownish; s. stuffed, long, +fibrillose, apex white-mealy; sp. 9-12 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_225" id="Page_225">[Pg 225]</a></span></p><p><b>ericaea</b>, Pers. P. 2-4 cm. exp. viscid when moist, tawny or bay +then yellowish and shining; g. adnate, broad, pruinose, at length +black, edge white; s. 6-9 cm. tough, pallid; sp. 9-10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>subericaea</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. convex, obtuse, becoming plane, +even, smooth, tawny then pale; g. sinuate, adnexed, broad; s. 3-4 +cm. equal, smooth, yellowish, hollow; sp. 10 × 6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. ericaea</i> in short s. and attachment of broad g.</p> + +<p>[<b>dichroa</b>, Karst. P. campan. subumb. edge slightly striate, bay +then tan; g. adfixed, broad, brownish-purple, edge whitish; s. pallid, +then fuscescent, silky.</p> + +<p>var. <i>minor</i>, Karst. Smaller. P. striate to middle; g. umber.</p> + +<p>[<b>lipophila</b>, Oud. P. convex, exp. obtuse, glabrous, viscid when +moist, pale rusty; g. adnexed then decur. broad; s. whitish, apex +white, base with white down; sp. 11-12 × 7.</p> + +<p>[<b>mutabilis</b>, Karst. P. tough, convex, obtuse, watery umber when +moist, tawny when dry, glabrous; g. adnate, crowded, broad; s. +hollow, rigid, equal, whitish-silky, tinged rusty especially downwards; +sp. 7-10 × 3-4.</p> + +<p><b>uda</b>, Pers. P. 1.5-2.5 cm. exp. dry, rugulose, tawny then +yellowish; g. adfixed, purplish; s. 6-10 cm. pale, thin, tough, +fibrillose base rusty; sp. 10 × 5. (16-20 × 7-9 Karst.)</p> + +<p>var. <i>polytrichi</i>, Fr. P. campan.-convex then plano-depr. even, +glabrous, dry, pale yellow then whitish, edge pale; g. becoming +decur.; s. elongated, wavy, glabrous, pale tawny.</p> + +<p>var. <i>elongatus</i>, Pers. P. campan.-convex, striate when moist, +livid- or greenish-yellow, even and yellowish when dry.</p> + +<p>[<b>corneipes</b>, Fr. P. campan.-convex, glabrous, bay, edge striate; +g. adnate, very broad behind; s. horny, rigid, shining, blackish bay.</p> + +<p><b>canofaciens</b>, Cke. P. 2-3 cm. campan. then exp. disc fleshy, +bay, with white fibrils; g. adnate, umber; s. 4-7 cm. colour of +p.; sp. 10 × 4, some much larger.</p> + +<p><b>areolata</b>, Klotzsch. P. 3-6 cm. exp. brownish ochre, cracked +up into patches; g. adnate; s. 4-7 cm. dingy white, fibrillose; +sp. 12-13 × 8.</p> + +<p><b>virescens</b>, Mass. P. 3-5 cm. exp. brown then greenish yellow, +cracked into patches; g. adnexed, dingy purple, edge pale; s. 4-5 +cm. apex striate, greenish, base white; sp. 9 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>agraria</b>, Fr. P. 2 cm. exp. white, not hygr.; g. adnate, white +then brown; s. 4-6 cm. glabrous, white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>chondroderma</b>, B. and Br. P. 2-3 cm. campan. bright dark +brown, very smooth, sometimes cracked, edge thin, append.; g. +adfixed, brown, edge white; s. 4-5 cm. subequal, paler than p., +fibrillose, base squamulose; sp. 7 × 3.5.</p> + +<p><b>scobicola</b>, B. and Br. P. 2-3 cm. convex, umbil. white, glabrous; +g. adnexed, broad, reddish-brown; s. 2-3 cm. whitish, fibrillose, +hollow; sp. 8 × 5, pale.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_226" id="Page_226">[Pg 226]</a></span></p> +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills plane, very broad behind, subdecur.</i></div> + +<p><b>ammophila</b>, Mont. P. 2-3 cm. exp. umb. yellow-rufous, fibrillose;</p> + +<p><b>coprophila</b>, Bull. P. 1.5-2 cm. slightly viscid, hemispher. then +exp. umb. yellowish rufous; g. arcuato-subdecur. broad; s. 3-5 cm. +narrowed upwards, white, floccose then almost glabrous; sp. 13-14 +× 8.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>P. bullacea</i> in absence of striae on p.</p> + +<p><b>bullacea</b>, Bull. P. 1-2 cm. hemispher. then exp. umb. finely +striate to middle, rather viscid, bay or brownish brick-red, then +pale, often with a white fringe at the edge, cuticle separable; +g. adnate, almost triangular, grey then brownish purple; s. 2-4 cm. +slender, apex pruinose, fawn, fibrillose, base rusty; sp. 9-11 × 4-7.</p> + +<p><b>physaloides</b>, Bull. P. 1.5-2 cm. campan. then exp. umb. striate, +rather viscid, purple brown or bay then pale; g. subdecur. rather +rusty then purplish brown; s. 2-3 cm. fibrillose, base bay; sp. +12 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>ferrugineo-lateritia</b>, Vogl. P. convex, subumbil. edge substriate, +glabrous, subhygr. rusty brick-red; g. adnato-decur. purple-black; s. +cylindrical, colour of p. base white; sp. 7-9 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>libertata</b>, Fr. P. obconic, umbo hemispher. prominent, at first +hoarily silky then glabrous, dusky umber then pale; g. deeply decur.; +s. flexile.</p> + +<p><b>atrorufa</b>, Schaeff. P. 2-2.5 cm. convex, obtuse, glabrous, edge +striate, purple-brown then pale; g. subdecur. broad, brown-violet +with a white edge; s. 5-7 cm. pale bay or fawn, pruinose, fibrillose +at base; sp. 10-12 × 6. (6-8 × 4-5 Karst.)</p> + +<p><b>nuciseda</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. convex, obsoletely umb. rather +silky when dry and yellowish, dusky brown at first; g. adnate, +broad; s. 2-3 cm. brownish with white down, base narrowed; sp. +8 × 4.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">*** <i>Gills sublinear, ascending.</i></div> + +<p><b>tegularis</b>, Schum. P. campan. glabrous, tan, areolately cracked; +g. attenuato-adnexed; s. stuffed, narrowed upwards from a thickened +base, pallid.</p> + +<p><b>compta</b>, B. and Br. P. 3-4 cm. conico-campan. then exp. +subumb. edge striate, pale ochre and atomate when dry; g. broad, +adnate; s. 4-5 cm. pale rufous; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>callosa</b>, Fr. P. conico-campan. obtuse, even, glabrous, dry, +white or yellowish; g. adnate, ascending, ventricose, sooty black; +s. tough, equal, glabrous, pallid.</p> + +<p><b>semilanceata</b>, Fr. P. 1-2 cm. exp. acutely conical, slightly +viscid and striate when moist, pallid, often tinged yellow or green; +g. adnexed; s. 4-7 cm. flexuous, pallid; sp. 10-12 × 6.</p> + +<p>var. <i>caerulescens</i>, Cke. P. rather obtuse; s. bluish at base.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_227" id="Page_227">[Pg 227]</a></span></p> +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">II. <span class="smcap">Rigidi</span>. <i>Veil absent. Stem rigid. Gills +adnexed, very rarely adnate.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>phoenix</b>, Secr. P. campan. then exp. even, glabrous, hygr. +fuscous then pale and shining; g. free; s. stuffed, striate, pallid, +subbulbous.</p> + +<p><b>canobrunnea</b>, Fr. P. 4-7 cm. exp. obtuse, subviscid when +moist, hygr. fleshy-brown then pale; g. nearly free, brownish purple; +s. 4-5 cm. hollow, short, squamulose, whitish or greyish pink, +rooting; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>Gilletii</b>, Karst. P. campan.-convex, often obliquely umb. glabrous, +livid grey with olive tinge, umb. tawny, then pale ochre; +g. subadnate soon free, grey- then livid-purple; s. fistulose, straight, +equal, glabrous, bay, apex paler and pruinose; sp. 10-13 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>simulans</b>, Karst. P. conico-convex, exp. usually obtusely umb. +glabrous, pale rusty with honey-colour tinge, pellucidly striate, edge +at first incurved, yellow tawny when dry; g. greyish with honey or +olive tinge; s. wavy, ascending, rather lubricous, shining, bay, apex +paler; sp. 4-6 × 3.</p> + +<p><b>spadicea</b>, Fr. Subcaespitose. P. 3-7 cm. glabrous, humid, +convex then exp. edge at first incurved, dark bay or bistre-brown +then pale; g. adnate with decur. tooth, crowded, whitish then +pinkish, at last purple-brown; s. fistulose, equal, rigid, silky, whitish; +sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p>var. <i>hygrophila</i>, Fr. Larger. P. fuscous then tan; s. subfusiformly +rooting; g. emarginate with a long decur. line.</p> + +<p>var. <i>polycephala</i>, Fr. Very densely tufted. P. rigid; s. slender, +slightly flexuous; g. nearly free, fuscous-umber.</p> + +<p>This is the commonest form in Britain.</p> + +<p><i>Hypholoma hydrophilum</i> differs in having fuscous-cinnamon, +lachrymose gills.</p> + +<p><b>cernua</b>, Fl. Dan. P. 1.5-2 cm. campan.-convex then exp. +glabrous, micaceous, hygr. rugulose and pallid when dry; g. adnate; +s. 5-9 cm. white, apex even, pruinose; sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>squalens</b>, Fr. P. 2-5 cm. exp. depr. even, glabrous, hygr. lurid +then pale; g. adnato-decur. tan then brown; s. 4-5 cm. not rooting, +apex striate, colour of p.; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>murcida</b>, Fr. P. convex, obtuse, slightly striate, hygr. even +when dry, bay then tan or rosy; g. adnate, segmentoid, umber; +s. slender, fragile, straight, naked.</p> + +<p>[<b>hebes</b>, Fr. P. exp. obtuse, glabrous, hygr. edge striate, lurid +then pale; g. adnate, triangular; s. glabrous, pallid.</p> + +<p><b>foenisecii</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. campan.-exp. obtuse, dingy brown +then pale; g. adnate, ventricose, umber; s. 4-6 cm. not rooting, +pale reddish, glabrous; sp. 10 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>clivensis</b>, B. and Br. P. 2-3 cm. hemispher. pale brown then +pale ochre or whitish; g. broad, adnate, emarginate, edge pale; s. +3 cm. silky, base subclavate; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_228" id="Page_228">[Pg 228]</a></span></p><p>[<b>vicina</b>, Fr. P. convex then plane, obtuse, glabrous, umber then +pale; g. slightly adnexed, grey then blackish; s. stuffed, wavy, grey, +apex pruinose.</p> + +<p><b>catervata</b>, Mass. Densely fasciculate. P. 1-2 cm. campan. +obtuse, white; g. slightly adnexed, crowded, edge entire, white; +s. 3-4 cm. white; sp. 12 × 4; cystidia fusiform.</p> +</li></ol> + +<h3>COPRINUS, Fr.</h3> + +<p class="center"><i>Key to the Sections.</i></p> + +<p>I. Volva distinct with a free edge; ring present or absent. +p. <a href="#Page_228">228</a>.</p> + +<p>II. Volva absent; ring present on stem. p. <a href="#Page_229">229</a>.</p> + +<p>III. Volva and ring absent. Veil practically absent. Pileus +either glabrous or with minute innate squamules, especially near +the apex, not splitting along the lines of the gills. p. <a href="#Page_231">231</a>.</p> + +<p>IV. Volva and ring absent. Veil very evident—at least in a +young state—as a felty coating, which breaks up during expansion +of the pileus into patches, cottony, squamulose, fibrillose or mealy. +Not glistening nor micaceous. p. <a href="#Page_231">231</a>.</p> + +<p>V. Volva and ring absent. Pileus covered with glistening +micaceous particles when young. p. <a href="#Page_236">236</a>.</p> + +<p>VI. Volva, ring, and veil absent. Flesh very thin, pileus soon +splitting along the lines of the gills, scurfy or glabrous. p. <a href="#Page_237">237</a>.</p> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">I. <i>Volva distinct, with a free margin; ring present +or absent.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Large; pileus more than 2 cm. high and wide.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Stem white.</i></div> + +<p><b>sterquilinus</b>, Fr. P. 5-7 cm. high, coarsely sulcate, silvery grey, +disc tawny with squarrose squamules; g. free; s. 9-15 cm. white, +dark when bruised; volva with free margin, sometimes a ring on +stem; sp. 18-20 × 11-12.</p> + +<p>[<b>solstitialis</b>, Sacc. P. cylindric-ovate, whitish with concentric +over-lapping scales, expanding and blackish, grooved; g. free; s. +white, base volvate, ring imperfect.</p> + +<p>Smaller than <i>C. sterquilinus</i>, and stem not blackish when +bruised.</p> + +<p><b>oblectus</b>, Bolton. P. 3-5 cm. coarsely striate, whitish, glabrous, +then pale tawny and sprinkled with rose-coloured powder; g. free; +s. 8-12 cm. white; volva with recurved edge; sp. 18 × 11-12.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_229" id="Page_229">[Pg 229]</a></span></p> +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Stem coloured.</i></div> + +<p><b>umbrinus</b>, Mass. At first entirely enclosed in a white volva, +which leaves patches on p. P. 4-5 cm. umber, sulcate up to disc; +g. free; s. 10-15 cm. umber, margin of volva recurved; sp. 17-18 +× 9.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. stenocoleus</i> in sulcate pileus and umber stem.</p> + +<p>[<b>stenocoleus</b>, Lindbl. P. 5-8 cm. umb. even, blackish with +white squamules; g. free; s. 10-15 cm. pale tawny; margin of volva +free; sp. ——.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">** <i>Small; pileus less than 2 cm. high and wide.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Volva entire.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>cyclodes</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. high, campan. striate, glabrous, +bay; g. soon black; s. 4-5 cm. white, rather flexuous; edge of volva +recurved; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>equinus</b>, Chelch. P. ovate then campan. greyish white, disc +darkest, covered with darker scurf or flecks; g. free; s. long, +glabrous, base rather swollen, volva with a free edge which sometimes +breaks away as a ring; sp. 5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>Trappenii</b>, Oud. P. campan. 1-1.5 cm. apex with fragments of +volva, then glabrous; g. purplish then black; s. 1-1.5 cm. white, +volva entire; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>volvaceo-minimus</b>, Crossl. P. 4-5 mm. striate, grey with white +squamules; g. slightly adnexed; s. 2-2.5 cm. glabrous, hyaline, base +bulbous, volva with broad free edge; sp. 6-7.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. Hendersonii</i> in distinct volva and subglobose sp.</p> + +<p><i>C. bulbillosus</i> differs in absence of a marginate volva.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Volva torn into shreds.</i></div> + +<p><b>dilectus</b>, Fr. P. 1.5-2 cm. very thin, campan., obtuse, finely +striate, rosy white then tawny, furfuraceo-floccose with rosy meal, +at length splitting, revolute and naked; g. free, sublanceolate, +crowded; s. 5-7 cm. whitish and powdered with rosy meal, base +thickened, volva reduced to squamules; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. oblectus</i> in very rudimentary volva, and generally +smaller size.</p> + +<p><b>roseotinctus</b>, Rea. P. 7-11 × 5-7 mm. cylindr. then revolute, +umb. brown with rosy meal; g. adnexed, broad; s. up to 5 cm. +bulbous, white, with rosy meal when young; sp. 9-11 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>Perhaps too closely allied to <i>C. dilectus</i>.</p> + +</li></ol></li></ol></li><li><div class="key">II. <i>Volva absent, ring present on stem.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Large; Pileus 8-15 cm. high.</i></div> + +<p><b>comatus</b>, Fr. P. cylindr. then campan. 9-15 cm. high, whitish +or tinged ochre, becoming broken up into large reflexed scales; g. +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_230" id="Page_230">[Pg 230]</a></span>very slightly adnexed; s. 12-20 cm. white, base bulbous, rooting, +ring loose; sp. 12-14 × 8-10. Edible.</p> + +<p>var. <i>clavatus</i>, Q. P. ovate, g. free, white then black, no intermediate +pink colour; s. without a ring.</p> + +<p><b>ovatus</b>, Schaeff. P. 8-10 cm. high, ovate then exp. striate, soon +broken up into broad adpressed scales; g. free; s. white, base +bulbous, rooting, ring deciduous; sp. 12 × 8. Edible.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. comatus</i> in smaller size, and ovate form when +young.</p> + +<p><b>atramentarius</b>, Fr. P. rather fleshy, 8-12 cm. high, ovate +then campan. fluted, edge uneven, silvery grey, apex squamulose; +g. free; s. 10-16 cm. white, hollow, ring basal, evanescent; sp. +12 × 6. Edible.</p> + +<p><b>soboliferus</b>, Fr. P. thin, ovate then exp. plicate below, disc +truncate, brownish with darker squamules, rest greyish white; g. +free; s. 12-20 cm. white, stuffed, ring fugacious; sp. 15 × 7. +Edible.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. atramentarius</i> in squamulose truncate disc, +stuffed stem, and larger spores.</p> + +<p>[<b>pyrenaeus</b>, Q. P. narrowly ellipt. up to 10 cm. long, striate, +pearl grey, with a dense veil of free white fibrils; g. free; s. +10-15 cm. hollow, white, ring basal, fugacious; sp. subgl. 12-18.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. atramentarius</i> in white veil.</p> + +<p>[<b>praegnans</b>, Fr. P. campan. 18-20 cm. high, not striate, grey, +crowded with white squamules; g. free, umber from first; s. solid, +fusiform, rooting, squamulose, ring free; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. atramentarius</i> in solid s.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Small; pileus never exceeding 3 cm. high.</i></div> + +<p><b>Hendersonii</b>, Fr. P. subcylindrical then exp. up to 1 cm. apex +tawny rest grey, fluted, minutely pruinose; g. free; s. 3-4 cm. +with a permanent ring below middle; sp. 10-12 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>bulbillosus</b>, Pat. P. 8-10 mm. grey disc yellow, striate, +covered with white meal; g. grey; s. 2-3 cm. white, base bulbous, +ring loose, median; sp. 8-9 × 6-7.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. Hendersonii</i> in bulbous stem.</p> + +<p>[<b>ephemeroides</b>, Fr. P. campan. plicato-sulcate, whitish, disc +tinged yellow, up to 1 cm. sprinkled with superficial flecks; g. free; +s. 2-4 cm. whitish, ring free, base with a pilose bulb; sp. 11-12 +× 6-7.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. bulbillosus</i> in squamulose pileus and strigose bulb.</p> + +<p>var. <i>muscorum</i>, sp. 7-9 × 6-8.</p> + +<p>[<b>scauroides</b>, Godey. P. ovate then campan. striate, white then +purplish, floccosely squamulose; g. free; s. white, with a marginate +bulb and ring.</p> + +<p>[<b>Bresadolae</b>, Schulz. P. subcylindrical, greyish-white, apex +tinged brown; g. black, edge white; s. tapering upwards, white, +glabrous, ring deciduous.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_231" id="Page_231">[Pg 231]</a></span></p> +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">III. <i>Volva and ring absent. Veil practically absent; p. +either glabrous or with minute innate squamules, +especially near the apex, not splitting along the lines +of the gills.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Gills attached to the stem.</i></div> + +<p><b>fuscescens</b>, Fr. P. 4-6 cm. ovate then exp. not lobed, disc +fuscous, rest greyish brown, powdered with meal at first; g. narrow +towards the front; s. white, hollow, somewhat fibrillose; sp. 8-10 +× 5-6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. atramentarius</i> in rufous p. not lobed.</p> + +<p>[<b>tergiversans</b>, Fr. P. conical then exp. 6-12 cm. rusty brown, +grooved, cracked into squamules; g. broadly adnate; s. white, apex +sulcate.</p> + +<p>Allied to <i>C. micaceus</i>; differs in squamulose and not micaceous p.</p> + +<p>[<b>Lerchenfeldii</b>, Schulz. P. hemispher. apex elevated, brownish +grey, edge wavy silvery grey then violet; g. violet, shining; s. +fibrillose or squamulose.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">** <i>Gills free.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>cylindricus</b>, Fr. P. cylindrical then exp. 8-12 cm. across, +rimosely striate, a few adpr. squamules, whitish brown; g. narrow; +s. 15-21 cm. equal, fibrillose.</p> + +<p>[<b>Mayrii</b>, Allesch. P. campan. exp. white, striate, small yellow-brown +squamules near edge, disc sparingly scaly; g. free; s. white, +striate, base globose, marginate, hollow to swollen base; sp. 6-7 +× 3-4.</p> + +<p>Allied to <i>C. atramentarius</i>.</p> + +<p><b>flocculosus</b>, Fr. P. ovate then exp. 4-7 cm. across, dingy white, +striate, squamules innate; g. narrow; s. 6-10 cm. white, silky, +hollow; sp. 10 × 7-8.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. aratus</i> in white p., and from <i>C. lagopus</i> in +glabrous stem.</p> + +<p><b>squamosus</b>, Morgan. P. 4-6 cm. sulcate, grey, with persistent +spreading brown scales; g. free; s. 9-14 cm. with brown spreading +scales up to ring; sp. 9-10 × 5.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">IV. <i>Volva and ring absent. Veil very evident—at least +in young state—as a felty coating, which breaks up +during expansion of p. into patches; cottony, squamulose, +fibrillose or mealy. Not glistening or micaceous.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Veil thick and felty, breaking into patches.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Gills attached to stem.</i></div> + +<p><b>aphthosus</b>, Fr. P. campan. even, livid, 2-3 cm. white veil at +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_232" id="Page_232">[Pg 232]</a></span>first continuous then broken into floccose patches; g. adnate; s. +5 cm. white, hollow, fibrillose; sp. 15-16 × 10.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. varicus</i> in hollow stem.</p> + +<p>[<b>phaeosporus</b>, Karst. P. conico-cylindrical then flattened, everywhere +delicately striate, at first enclosed in a rufescent veil which +breaks up into patches, soon naked and white; g. adnexed; s. +glabrous, white, hollow; sp. 9-15 × 4-9.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. albus</i> by glabrous s.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Gills free.</i></div> + +<p><b>picaceus</b>, Fr. P. campan. glutinous, striate up to disc, blackish +with white patches; g. free; s. 10-15 cm. white, hollow, base +swollen; sp. 14 × 8.</p> + +<p><b>tomentosus</b>, Fr. P. cylindr. then narrowly conical, at length +exp. 2-3 cm.; pallid yellow, covered with a greyish felt which +breaks into scales; g. free; s. 5 cm. hollow, greyish, velvety; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>velatus</b>, Q. P. cylind. then exp. 2-3 cm. yellowish, sulcate, +veil white, thin; g. free but close to s.; s. 4-6 cm. white, villose, +coarsely striate; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>Forquignoni</b>, Mass. (<i>C. Quéletii</i>, Forq.). P. conico-campan. veil +thick, ochraceous, then broken up into persistent patches, whitish, +5-6 cm. high; g. remote; s. white, floccosely fibrillose, ending in a +tawny bulb; sp. 9 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>varicus</b>, Fr. P. white or livid towards the split edge, with +patches of white veil; g. free; s. 6-9 cm. often incurved, white, +glabrous, solid, tough.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. picaceus</i> in white p. and solid s.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">** <i>Veil breaking up into superficial scales, cottony +or fibrillose.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Gills attached to stem.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">§ <i>Pileus white or grey.</i></div> + +<p><b>niveus</b>, Fr. All pure white. P. 1-2.5 cm. campan. floccose; +g. slightly adnexed; s. 5-8 cm. hollow, villose; sp. 16 × 11-13.</p> + +<p>var. <i>astroideus</i>, Fr. P. squamose, naked, grey, 1 cm.; s. up to +8 cm. slender, glabrous.</p> + +<p>[<b>albus</b>, Q. Snow white. P. ovoid then exp. 1.5-2 cm. floccosely +mealy then pearl grey and grooved, with tawny flecks at disc; g. +adnate, seceding; s. coarsely striate upwards; sp. 12-13 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>Rostrupianus</b>, Hansen. White. P. thin campan. then exp. +tomentose, squamulose; g. free, grey then blackish; s. narrowed +upwards, glabrous above, downy below, base with white tomentum.</p> + +<p>Medium sized, allied to <i>C. niveus</i>.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_233" id="Page_233">[Pg 233]</a></span></p><p>[<b>pilosus</b>, Beck. P. cylindr. apex rounded, white, densely covered +with septate acute white hairs, then exp. and centre almost glabrous +and yellowish, edge slightly striate; s. slender, pubescent, base +floccose; sp. 9-12 × 6-7.</p> + +<p><b>exstinctorius</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm. across, campan. whitish, apex +tinged brown, at first with evanescent floccose scales; g. reaching +stem; s. 8-12 cm. smooth, white, hollow, swollen at base and +rooting; sp. 10-11 × 6-7.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. fimetarius</i> in pileus becoming bald from disc to +margin.</p> + +<p>[<b>roris</b>, Q. P. soon convex and centre depr. pearl grey, transparent, +covered at first with a thin tawny-white veil, 1-1.5 cm.; +g. adnate; s. 3-4 cm. greyish, villosely floccose; sp. 11-12 long.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. plicatilis</i> in adnate g. and from <i>C. diaphanus</i> in +villose stem.</p> + +<p><b>similis</b>, B. and Br. P. ovate then campan. pallid disc darker, +striate, studded with brown tipped pointed warts, 2.5 cm.; g. +adnate; s. white, hollow.</p> + +<p>[<b>Brunandi</b>, Q. P. campan. 5-6 mm. high, very delicate, striate, +greyish lilac, at first with crystalline interwoven filaments; g. adnate +then free; s. white, floccose, bulbous; sp. 10 long.</p> + +<p>Allied to <i>C. lagopus</i>.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">§§ <i>Pileus tawny or brownish.</i></div> + +<p><b>domesticus</b>, Fr. P. campan. obtuse, sulcate, disc even, bay, rest +paler, scurfy-floccose, 4-7 cm.; g. adnexed; s. 6-9 cm. white, silky; +sp. 11-12 × 7.</p> + +<p>[<b>alopecia</b>, Fr. P. 6-7.5 cm. campan. obtuse, sulcate, pale brown +or ochre, at first with adpr. fibrils; g. adnexed; s. 9-12 cm. densely +scaly, hollow.</p> + +<p>[<b>Boudieri</b>, Q. P. 1-2 cm. campan. coarsely striate, pale tawny +apex darker, covered with fine white down; g. adnate; s. 3-4 cm. +white, pruinose and pubescent; sp. angularly globose, 10-12.</p> + +<p>[<b>subcoeruleo-griseus</b>, Schulzer. P. acutely conical then plane, +slightly striate, disc pale yellowish-pink, rest greyish blue, with +minute fugacious scales; g. adnexed; s. white, floccosely pruinose, +then glabrous, hollow; sp. 10-13 × 6-8.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Gills free.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">§ <i>Stem glabrous.</i></div> + +<p><b>nycthemerus</b>, Fr. P. conico-cylindr. then exp. 1.5-2 cm. +plicate, ribs forked near edge, mealy then naked, grey, disc tawny; g. +free; s. 5-7 cm. white, glabrous, flaccid, hollow; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>gonophyllus</b>, Q. P. 1.5 cm. hemisph. striate, blackish grey, +shining, veil floccose, whitish, soon disappearing; g. free, triangular, +edge serrate; s. 3 cm. glabrous, slightly striate, white; sp. 10 × 4.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_234" id="Page_234">[Pg 234]</a></span></p><p><b>Spraguei</b>, B. and Curt. P. conical then campan. 1.5-2 cm. +tomentose, striate, greyish, disc tawny; g. few, distant; s. 3-5 cm. +pale reddish ochre; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>Spegazzinii</b>, Karst. P. cylindr. or oval, then exp. and splitting +up to disc, greyish, soon naked and grooved; g. free; s. white, hollow, +thickened below and rooting; sp. 9-14 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>platypus</b>, B. and Cke. P. white then yellowish, flocculose, +4-5 mm.; g. free; s. 1.5-3 cm. base discoid; sp. 8 × 6.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">§§ <i>Stem floccose or pulverulent at first.</i></div> + +<p><b>narcoticus</b>, Fr. Foetid. P. cylindric-clavate then exp. 1.5-2 cm. +hyaline, striate, at first with white floccose squamules; g. free; +s. 4-5 cm. white, downy at first, hollow; sp. 11 × 5-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>muralis</b>, Allesch. Smell strong, ammoniacal. P. cylindr. then +campan. white then grey, covered with white floccose squamules; +g. free, narrow; s. equal, hollow, floccosely scaly then glabrous, white, +shining, base densely fibrous; sp. subg. 6.</p> + +<p><b>lagopus</b>, Fr. P. cylindr. then campan. coarsely striate up to +brown disc, at first with white flocci; g. free; s. 10-15 cm. everywhere +with white floccose down; sp. 14-16 × 10-12.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. narcoticus</i> in absence of smell. <i>C. lagopoides</i> +differs in tomentum breaking up into scales, and g. very distant +from stem.</p> + +<p>[<b>lagopoides</b>, Karst. P. campan. sulcate, disc livid, with free +white scales, 4-7 cm.; g. distant from stem; s. up to 17 cm. white, +floccose; sp. 6-8 × 5-6.</p> + +<p><b>macrocephalus</b>, B. P. cylindr. then campan. striate, ashy grey, +disc brownish, sprinkled with pointed scales, 2 cm.; g. free; s. +3-5 cm. dingy white, fibrillose below; sp. 11-13 × 7-8.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. lagopus</i> in dark grey p.</p> + +<p>[<b>tigrinellus</b>, Boud. P. elliptic-oblong then campan. striate, snow-white +edge becoming rosy, pulverulent, with tawny flecks; g. free; +s. 2 cm. white, base rather bulbous and often with blackish flecks; +sp. 11 × 7.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. Friesii</i> in being at first covered with brown +tomentum which breaks up into flecks.</p> + +<p>[<b>Friesii</b>, Q. P. elliptic-oblong then exp. 1-2 cm. finely striate, +white apex tinged yellow, edge rosy; g. free, reddish then black; s. +2 cm. white, pulverulent, base swollen and floccose; sp. angularly +glob. 10.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. tigrinellus</i> in not having a brown veil.</p> + +<p>[<b>cupulatus</b>, E. Jacob. P. subcampan. greyish yellow, with +a floccose greyish white veil then pubescent, sulcate, 4-5 mm.; g. +free; s. 5-7 cm. white, downy, striate, base swollen; sp. 7-8 +× 6-7.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_235" id="Page_235">[Pg 235]</a></span></p><p><b>fimetarius</b>, Fr. P. 2-2.5 cm. clavate then conico-exp. soon +splitting, disc even brownish, at first covered with squarrose floccose +scales, then naked; g. free; s. 10-15 cm. white, squamulose, base +solid; sp. 12-14 × 7-8.</p> + +<p>var. <i>pullatus</i>, Fr. P. with adpressed squamules, soon naked, dark; +s. soon smooth.</p> + +<p>var. <i>cinereus</i>, Fr. P. floccosely mealy then naked, grey; s. rootless, +hollow to base.</p> + +<p>var. <i>macrorhiza</i>, Fr. P. at first with feathery squamules; s. +short, rooting.</p> + +<p>[<b>Queletii</b>, Schulzer. P. ellipsoid-conical then exp. deeply sulcate, +whitish, apex glabrous tinged cinnamon, with fugacious flecks; g. +free; s. white, flocculose then glabrous, ventricose below, rooting with +long brown fibres; sp. 10-12 × 4-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>laxus</b>, Bres. and Schulz. P. subglobose, grey, disc yellowish +cinnamon, granularly floccose; g. free; s. white, tinged brown at +base, with white flecks, bending over as it dries; sp. 6-8 × 4-5.</p> + +<p>[<b>Albertinii</b>, Karst. P. campan. sulcate, greyish-white, disc +brownish, with fine network of fibrils; g. free; s. white, silky-floccose; +sp. 10-12 × 6.</p> + +<p>[<b>Strossmayeri</b>, Schulzer. P. digitaliform, then conico-campan. +whitish then grey, apex darker, finally pale ochre, with deciduous +squarrose scales; g. free; s. white, pruinose, springing from a compact, +branching blackish-brown mycelium; sp. 7-9 long.</p> + +</li></ol></li></ol></li><li><div class="key">*** <i>Veil formed of white meal, or hyaline vesicles. +Not glistening or micaceous.</i></div> + +<p><b>tuberosus</b>, Q. P. campan. 3-5 mm. finely striate, white then +greyish, veil of hyaline vesicles; g. blackish violet; s. 2-4 cm. +slender, wavy, white, downy, springing from a small black sclerotium; +sp. 12 long.</p> + +<p>Smaller than <i>C. niveus</i>, and springing from a sclerotium.</p> + +<p>[<b>cineratus</b>, Q. P. campan. 1-2 cm. striate, white then greyish +violet, veil of dusky hyaline vesicles; g. free, close to stem; s. +4-6 cm. white, base rather swollen and sheathed by remains of +a volva; sp. 10 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>filiformis</b>, B. and Br. P. 1-2 mm. cylindrical, striate, grey, +mealy; g. linear; s. 1-1.5 cm. slender, hyaline, sprinkled with hairs; +sp. subg. 5 × 4.</p> + +<p>[<b>luxoviensis</b>, Mont. P. ovoid then campan. striate, mealy then +naked and grey, disc tawny; g. distant; s. with spreading fibrils, +soon naked, white, springing from a spreading mycelium; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>caducus</b>, Harz. P. oval then cylindrical, striate, grey then +blackish brown, at first densely covered with white meal which +becomes grey; g. from a collar; s. greyish brown above, whitish +below; sp. 9-10 × 6-7.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_236" id="Page_236">[Pg 236]</a></span></p><p>[<b>Britzelmayri</b>, Sacc. and Cub. (= <i>C. macrosporus</i>, Brit.) P. and +s. covered with snow-white meal; g. adnexed; s. tall; sp. 20 × 10-12.</p> + +<p>[<b>albulus</b>, Q. P. almost hemispherical, 5 mm. pellucid, striate, +pulverulent; g. arcuately adnate; s. 2 cm. filiform, pulverulent, lower +half with white flecks; sp. 13 long.</p> + +<p>[<b>divergens</b>, Brit. P. parabolic, brownish then dark grey, deeply +striate; g. blackish-grey; s. pellucid, whitish; sp. 10-11 × 6-7.</p> + +<p>Intermediate between <i>C. tomentosus</i> and <i>C. niveus</i>.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">V. <i>Volva and ring absent. Pileus covered with +glistening particles when young.</i></div> + +<p><b>micaceus</b>, Fr. P. 3-6 cm. oval then campan. glistening then +naked, sulcate, tawny ochre; g. adnexed; s. 5-8 cm. white, silky, +hollow.</p> + +<p>[<b>marcescens</b>, Karst. P. campan. sulcate, whitish at first, soon +dingy ochre, then pale sooty grey, disc brownish yellow, micaceous; +g. adnexed; s. white, silky; sp. 6-9 × 4-6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. micaceus</i> in p. becoming sooty grey.</p> + +<p><b>aratus</b>, B. P. 5-8 cm. narrowly elliptical then campan.-umber, +grooved up to disc; g. slightly adnexed; s. 10-15 cm. snow-white, +silky, hollow; sp. 15 × 10-11.</p> + +<p><b>stercorarius</b>, Fr. P. 2.5-3 cm. ovate then campan. edge striate, +densely covered with white glistening meal; g. adnexed; s. 7-12 cm. +white, hollow, minutely mealy at first; sp. 14-15 × 8.</p> + +<p><i>C. niveus</i> differs in tomentose p., and <i>C. albus</i> in sulcate p.</p> + +<p><b>radians</b>, Fr. P. ovate then campan. 2.5-5 cm. edge striate, +disc granuloso-squamulose, tawny ochre then pale, glistening; g. +slightly adnexed; s. 3-5 cm. white, smooth, base with dense radiating +strands of mycelium; sp. 7 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>truncorum</b>, Fr. P. globose at first then campan. glistening then +naked, tawny ochre, striate, 2-4 cm.; g. free, rosy then black; s. +7-10 cm. slender, white, glabrous, hollow; sp. 12-14 × 6.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. micaceus</i> in p. being globose at first, and not +sulcate, and in free, rosy g.</p> + +<p>[<b>inamoenus</b>, Karst. Foetid. P. subcylindrical then exp. blackish +with white micaceous scurf; g. fixed to a remote collar; s. hyaline, +at first downy, often rather wavy, several stems springing at intervals +from a prostrate mycelium; sp. 7-11 × 4-6.</p> + +<p>[<b>intermedius</b>, Penzig. P. campan. pallid, even, with dense +reddish micaceous scurf near apex; g. free; s. glabrous, tinged pink; +sp. 7.5-9 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>frustulosum</b>, Sacc. P. campan. rather acute, even, covered +with reddish micaceous meal; g. free; s. conical then cylindrical, +white; sp. 8 × 6.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_237" id="Page_237">[Pg 237]</a></span></p> +</li><li><div class="key">VI. <i>Volva, ring, and veil absent; flesh very thin, pileus +soon splitting along the lines of the gills, scurfy or +glabrous.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">* <i>Pileus more or less scurfy.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Gills attached to stem.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">§ <i>Pileus white.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>conditus</b>, Godey. P. globose then ovoid, striate, sometimes +tinged yellow; g. adnate; s. 20-25 mm. shining, scurfy; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>stellaris</b>, Q. P. ovoid then campan. 1-2 mm. striate, snow-white +then greyish, crowned with pellucid vesicles; g. adnate; s. +1-2 cm. long, filiform, hyaline, velvety; sp. 8 long.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">§§ <i>Pileus coloured.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>coöpertus</b>, Fr. P. conico-campan. 2.5 cm. striate, lurid, densely +micaceous, yellowish grey when dry; g. adnate, broad; s. 3-5 cm. +pallid, apex with white flecks; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>pseudo-plicatilis</b>, Vogl. P. campan. umb. soon exp. and sulcate, +yellowish grey, umbo yellowish, scurfy; g. adnate; s. white, woolly, +thickened and floccose below; sp. 6-8 × 3.</p> + +<p><b>velox</b>, Godey. P. obovate, striate then grooved, scurfy between +the ribs, disc also greyish and scurfy, 3-4 mm.; g. close to stem; +s. 1.5-3 cm. with white floccose down; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>ephemerus</b>, Fr. P. very delicate, ovate then campan. sulcate, +slightly scurfy, disc elevated, even, rufescent, 1-2 cm.; g. slightly +adnexed; s. 3-6 cm. glabrous, whitish, pellucid; sp. 16-17 × 9-10.</p> + +<p>[<b>mycenopsis</b>, Karst. P. campan. then exp. sulcate, sooty-grey, +livid disc prominent, scurfy, soon naked; g. adnate; s. tall, glabrous, +white, striate upwards; sp. 7-8 × 4.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Gills free.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">§ <i>Stem fibrillose or downy.</i></div> + +<p><b>cothurnatus</b>, Godey. P. conico-campan. then exp. and umb. +densely scurfy, whitish, yellowish or reddish, 2-3 cm.; g. free; s. +3-5 cm. white, squamulose below; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>[<b>evanidus</b>, Godey. P. obovate then campan. striate, whitish, +rather scurfy, disc prominent, tinged brown; 3-4 mm.; g. free, +distant; s. 1.5-2.5, pellucid, white, downy; sp. ——.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">§§ <i>Stem glabrous.</i></div> + +<p><b>sociatus</b>, Fr. P. ovate then campan. plicate, subsquamulose or +scurfy, disc umber and becoming depr. 2 cm.; g. narrowed behind, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_238" id="Page_238">[Pg 238]</a></span>attached to a collar; s. 4-5 cm. white, glabrous, not pellucid; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Gills much nearer s. than in <i>C. plicatilis</i>, much narrowed behind, +black.</p> + +<p>[<b>sulcato-crenatus</b>, Steinh. P. cylindrical then campan. soon +plane, sulcato-crenate, almost glabrous, yellow, disc brown, even, +becoming depr.; g. remote from stem, distant; s. yellow, apex brown; +sp. obtusely triangular, compressed.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. plicatilis</i> in yellow p. and s.</p> + +<p>[<b>Patouillardii</b>, Q. P. conico-campan. then plane, coarsely striate +up to disc, grey, disc rough with minute reddish granules; g. attached +to collar distant from s.; s. 4-7 cm. white, glabrous, fragile; sp. +angularly globose, 6-8.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. nycthemerus</i> in white s.; and from <i>C. velaris</i> in +rough disc.</p> + +<p><b>papillatus</b>, Fr. P. elliptical then campan. becoming plane and +upturned; disc prominent and rough with minute warts, dark, +striate, covered with greyish scurf, .5-1 cm.; g. free; s. 2.5 cm. +white, hyaline, hollow; sp. 15 × 7.</p> + +<p>[<b>affinis</b>, Karst. P. conico-cylindr. then exp. greyish white, disc +pale rufous, plicate, scurfy; g. free; s. flaccid, glabrous, pallid; sp. +6-8 × 5-7.</p> + +<p><b>radiatus</b>, Fr. P. cylindrical, soon plane and splitting, yellowish, +disc darker, then whitish, minutely pilose when young; g. almost +free; s. 1-3 cm. hyaline, pilose; sp. 7-8 × 5.</p> + +<p><b>Gibbsii</b>, Mass. and Crossl. Very minute, p. 0.5 mm. hemispher. +then exp. striate, glabrous, pale ochre; g. adnate, few; s. 4-7 mm. +white, glabrous; sp. subcircular, compressed, 8-9 diam.; cystidia +piriform.</p> + +<p>[<b>lanatus</b>, Boud. P. soon campan. plicately striate, greyish rufous +disc darker; g. free; s. glabrous, white, slightly bulbous.</p> + +</li></ol></li></ol></li><li><div class="key">** <i>Pileus glabrous.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">+ <i>Gills attached to stem.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">§ <i>Stem downy or pulverulent.</i></div> + +<p><b>tardus</b>, Karst. P. ovoid then campan. 2.5-5 cm. coarsely striate, +bay then ochre, glabrous; g. adnate; s. 6-10 cm. white, slightly +flexuous, equal; sp. angularly ellipt. 12-18 × 7-9.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. deliquescens</i> in smooth disc and adnate g.</p> + +<p>[<b>Gilletii</b>, Jacobasch. (= <i>Cop. intermedius</i> Gill.). P. ovato-campan. +grey, disc yellow; pulverulent then glabrous, edge striate; g. ovato-elongate, +blackish; s. slender, glabrous, hollow, with a membranaceous, +distant, fixed erect ring.</p> + +<p>[<b>attenuatus</b>, Gill. P. conico-campan. even, glabrous, edge sulcate, +upturned when dry, apex yellowish; g. broad, ventricose, reddish-brown; +s. long, slender, hollow, narrowed towards base.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_239" id="Page_239">[Pg 239]</a></span></p> +</li><li><div class="key">§§ <i>Stem glabrous.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>auricomus</b>, Pat. P. elliptic-oblong then campan. finely striate, +pale greyish red disc darker, glabrous, 1.5-2 cm.; g. adnate; s. +5-8 cm. white, glabrous; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Young plant enveloped in a golden yellow weft (= Ozonium).</p> + +<p><b>congregatus</b>, Fr. P. cylindrical then campan. edge slightly +striate, glabrous, viscid, ochre, 1.5-2 cm.; g. slightly adnexed; s. +2-3 cm. smooth, hollow, white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p><b>alternatus</b>, Fr. P. hemisph. then discoid, even, glabrous, chalk-white +disc pale umber, 3 cm.; g. adnate; s. whitish, hollow, 7-10 cm.; +sp. 10 × 6-7.</p> + +<p><b>digitalis</b>, Fr. P. ovate then campan. whitish disc darker, glabrous, +striate up to disc, 2.5 cm.; g. slightly adnexed; s. 3-5 cm. whitish, +equal; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>When mature the p. is sometimes livid olive or yellowish grey, +and g. appear to be adnate.</p> + +<p>[<b>diaphanus</b>, Q. Every part translucent and glabrous. P. grooved, +edge crenulate, silvery with a central tawny spot, 5-7 mm.; g. +adnate; s. capillary, glabrous, 2-3 cm.; sp. 12 long.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. plicatilis</i> in adnate g.</p> + +<p>[<b>sceptrum</b>, Fr. P. campan. papillately umb. deeply sulcate, +pellucid, tinged grey; g. adnate to a collar; s. pellucid.</p> + +<p><b>erythrocephalus</b>, Fr. P. cylindrical then campan. reddish vermilion +becoming grey, silky, edge very finely striate, 1 cm.; g. slightly +adnexed; s. 2-3 cm. paler than p.</p> + +</li></ol></li><li><div class="key">++ <i>Gills free, sometimes attached to a collar.</i></div> + +<ol class="key"><li><div class="key">§ <i>Stem downy or pulverulent.</i></div> + +<p>[<b>Godeyi</b>, Gillet. P. subglobose, distantly grooved, glabrous, +pellucid, disc ochre, grey between the ribs, 3-4 mm.; g. free; s. +2 cm. pellucid, sprinkled with white flecks below.</p> + +<p>[<b>semistriatus</b>, Pat. P. ovate then campan. glabrous, disc even, +yellowish, striate and grey up to disc, 1 cm.; g. attached to a collar; +s. 1-2 cm. white, pruinose; sp. subcircular, compressed, 12-14 broad, +3 thick.</p> + +</li><li><div class="key">§§ <i>Stem glabrous.</i></div> + +<p><b>plicatilis</b>, Fr. P. thin, cylindric ovate then plane, glabrous, +coarsely grooved, pale brown then greyish, disc broad, even, at length +depr. darker, 1-2 cm.; g. attached to a distant collar; s. 5-8 cm. +white, smooth, hollow; sp. 11-13 × 8-9.</p> + +<p><b>deliquescens</b>, Fr. P. ovate then campan. at length exp. livid +grey, disc rufescent, papillose, otherwise glabrous, 3-7 cm.; g. free; +s. 7-10 cm. white, glabrous, hollow; sp. 8 × 5.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. atramentarius</i> in free gills.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_240" id="Page_240">[Pg 240]</a></span></p><p>[<b>miser</b>, Karst. P. subglobose then exp. pellucid, tinged grey, +plicate, glabrous; g. distant from stem, few in number; s. hyaline, +glabrous; sp. 7-9 × 6-8.</p> + +<p><b>eburneus</b>, Q. Entirely white, shining; elliptic-campan. firm, +striate, rarely with a few flecks, 3-4 cm.; g. free; s. firm, glabrous; +sp. 14 long.</p> + +<p><b>hemerobius</b>, Fr. P. ovate then campan. 1.5-2.5 cm. coarsely +grooved, disc even, bay, not depr.; g. attached to an imperfect collar; +s. 5-8 cm. fragile, pallid; sp. 10-12 × 7.</p> + +<p>Differs from <i>C. velaris</i> in imperfect collar, and from <i>C. plicatilis</i> +in disc not being depressed.</p> + +<p>[<b>rapidus</b>, Fr. P. cylindrical then plane, coarsely grooved, pale +drab, glabrous, often slightly wavy, 1.5-2.5 cm.; g. free, close to +stem, brown; s. 4-5 cm. white, glabrous.</p> + +<p>[<b>phyllophilus</b>, Karst. P. campan. then exp. glabrous, sulcate, +dingy ochre becoming sooty; g. close to stem; s. pellucid, pruinose +then naked; sp. angularly ovate, 7-8 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>velaris</b>, Fr. P. 2.5 cm. at first globose, then hemisph. coarsely +striate, lurid, disc brownish, not depr.; g. black, edge white; s. +5-7 cm. pellucid, base downy; sp. 7-8 × 5.</p> + +<p>[<b>pellucidus</b>, Karst. P. obovate then hemispher. obtuse, sulcate, +glabrous, whitish or yellowish then hyaline and greyish with a darker +central spot; g. crowded; s. wavy, glabrous, pellucid; sp. 7-9 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>Schroteri</b>, Karst. P. elliptical then exp. sulcate, glabrous, +dingy ochre then pale, at length sooty-grey; g. brown; s. slightly +pulverulent at first, slightly striate upwards; sp. angularly globose, +13-15 × 8-12.</p> + +<p>var. <i>proximellus</i>, Massee (= <i>C. proximellus</i>, Karst.) Spores +elliptical, 10-13 × 5-7, otherwise as type.</p> +</li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol> + +<h3>MONTAGNITES, Fr.</h3> + +<p>[<b>Candollei</b>, Fr. P. 3-5 cm.; g. narrowed behind, broad, dark +grey then blackish; s. elongated fibroso-striate, hollow, tawny, volva +fleshy, persistent.</p> + +<p>[<b>Pallassii</b>, Fr. P. thin, plane; g. smooth, black; s. very long +rooting, volva absent; sp. 12 × 4.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_241" id="Page_241">[Pg 241]</a></span></p> +<h1><a name="ADDENDA" id="ADDENDA"></a>ADDENDA.</h1> + + +<p class="center"><i>Species accidentally omitted, or published during the +progress of this work.</i></p> + +<p><b>Lepiota Bresadolae</b>, Schulz. (= <i>L. cupreus</i>, Schulz.). P. 4-8 cm. +umb. subcylindrical then broadly campan. at first glabrous and +entirely coppery, then broken up into broad, fibrillose subimbricate +scales; g. remote, narrowed at both ends, crowded, white then +pallid; s. clavate at base which is coppery, pale above, ring white +then coppery; sp. 6-9 long.</p> + +<p>(Next <i>L. mastoidea</i>, p. <a href="#Page_8">8</a>.)</p> + +<p><b>Lepiota minuta</b>, Vogl. P. 6-8 mm. slightly fleshy, even, campanulate +then exp. brick-red, viscid; g. free, white, densely crowded; +s. equal, even, dry, brownish, with a very narrow ring; sp. globose, +2-3.</p> + +<p>(Near <i>Lepiota delicata</i>, p. <a href="#Page_14">14</a>.)</p> + +<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Schulzeria</span>, Bresad.</p> + +<p>Flesh of stem distinct from that of pileus; gills free and remote +from the stem; spores hyaline; ring and volva absent.</p> + +<p>This genus follows <i>Lepiota</i>, from which it differs in the absence +of a ring.</p> + +<p><b>Schulzeria squamigera</b>, Schulz. and Bres. P. about 2 cm. +rather fleshy, convex then exp. dry, umber at first then whitish, +surface broken up into fibrous brownish-umber scales; g. crowded, +subventricose, white, free, somewhat remote from stem, 3 mm. broad; +s. equal, whitish, with lax umber scales which soon disappear; flesh +white, compact; sp. 5-8 × 4.</p> + +<p><b>Schulzeria rimulosa</b>, Schulz. and Bres. P. 8-10 cm. fleshy, +hemispher. then exp. rather irreg. even, glabrous, dry, lurid white, +epidermis falling away then becoming areolately cracked; g. rather +distant, 9-15 mm. broad, white then straw-colour, rounded at both +ends, sometimes subsinuate behind, free, remote; s. equal, subexcentric, +glabrous, colour of p.; sp. 5-6 × 3.</p> + +<p><b>Schulzeria septentrionalis</b>, Karst. P. about 10 cm. fleshy, soft, +convex then exp. subumb. even, glabrous, dry, whitish; g. free, +remote, broad, whitish, somewhat crowded; s. central, equal, base +slightly bulbous, distinct from flesh of p. glabrous, whitish.</p> + +<p><b>Tricholoma Czarnii</b>, Roum. (= <i>Ag. prasinus</i>, Lasch. in part). +P. 6-8 cm. very fleshy, convex then convex-plane, rather viscid, +yellowish, disc darker, glabrous, edge slightly fibrillose; g. crowded; +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_242" id="Page_242">[Pg 242]</a></span>arcuate, broad, emarginate, pallid, rosy in section; s. solid, straight, +clavate, slightly striate, colour of p., not longer than thick; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>Allied to <i>T. coryphaeum</i>, differing in general aspect of p., +g. never yellow-edged, less viscid, and no smell.</p> + +<p>(Next <i>T. coryphaeum</i>, p. <a href="#Page_17">17</a>.)</p> + +<p><b>Tricholoma Bresadolae</b>, Schulz. Taste very acrid. P. 9-12 cm. +entirely fleshy, irreg. edge sinuous, sometimes depressed at the centre, +rather viscid when young, then dry, even, edge sometimes tuberculoso-sulcate, +umber; g. distant, very thick, rounded in front, narrowed +behind but not decur., 1 cm. and more broad, whitish; s. cylindrical, +obconic or cuspidate towards base, whitish, sometimes tinged umber, +glabrous; sp. 9-10 × 5.</p> + +<p>(Next to <i>T. spermaticum</i>, p. <a href="#Page_18">18</a>.)</p> + +<p><b>Tricholoma fallaciosum</b>, Quel. and Schulz. (= <i>Ag. platyrhizus</i>, +Schulz.) P. 4-5 cm. irreg. subglobose; vertex elevated but not +umb. fleshy, brown, at first very dark then paler at edge, not shining, +glabrous, even; g. partly free, rounded behind and cuspidate in front, +brownish then pale, edge clear cinnamon; s. somewhat conoid, base +pale sulphur yellow with copious strands and plates of white mycelium, +central portion pale cinnamon, apex white and pulverulent; +sp. 4-5 long.</p> + +<p>(Next <i>T. scalpturatum</i>, p. <a href="#Page_20">20</a>.)</p> + +<p><b>Tricholoma Gauteraudii</b>, Roum. P. 3-6 cm. convex then +plane, mammillate, centre pale yellowish, somewhat silky, rest glabrous, +even, dry, whitish; g. broad, emarginate, whitish; s. white, +base yellowish, solid, equal; flesh white, insipid and inodorous.</p> + +<p>(Next <i>T. inamoenum</i>, p. <a href="#Page_23">23</a>.)</p> + +<p><b>Clitocybe subviscifera</b>, Karst. P. 3-4 cm. thin, convex then +plane, sometimes becoming depr. orbicular or somewhat wavy, even, +glabrous, viscid, whitish, disc usually become stained with rufous, +then discoloured; g. deeply decur. distant, branched or connected by +veins, pallid white; s. hollow, equal, flocculosely-scurfy, pallid; sp. +6-8 × 3-4.</p> + +<p>(Next to <i>C. pithyophila</i>, p. <a href="#Page_82">82</a>.)</p> + +<p><b>Cortinarius</b> (Phleg.) <b>centrifugus</b>, Fr. P. plano-depr. glabrous, +viscid, discoid, yellowish brown-violet then yellow, margin verdigris +green; g. emarginate, rather crowded, crenulate, pinkish violet then +cinnamon; s. solid, stout, clavato-bulbous, almost glabrous, white; +flesh white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>(Follows <i>C. Riederi</i>, p. <a href="#Page_178">178</a>.)</p> + +<p><b>Cortinarius</b> (Phleg.) <b>latus</b>, Fr. P. 7-12 cm. exp. almost glabrous, +moist, scarcely viscid, tan, disc darker; g. emarginate, subentire, +crowded, clay-colour cinnamon; s. solid, fibrillose, pallid +white, apex flocculose, cortina forming a superior persistent annulus, +bulbous then subequal; flesh white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>(Next <i>C. percomis</i>, p. <a href="#Page_179">179</a>.)</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_243" id="Page_243">[Pg 243]</a></span></p><p><b>Cortinarius</b> (Phleg.) <b>subtortus</b>, Fr. P. 3-8 cm. convex, exp. +obtuse, soft, glabrous, not striate, viscid, tan then pale, becoming +rugulose; g. rounded, adnate, connected by veins, very broad, rather +distant, greyish olive; s. unequal, rather twisted, becoming pale, +apex partly hollow, scarcely tinged blue; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>(Before <i>C. anfractus</i>, p. <a href="#Page_179">179</a>.)</p> + +<p><b>Cortinarius</b> (Phleg.) <b>jasmineus</b>, Fr. P. exp. gibbous, wavy, +lacunose, rugose, viscid, dingy olive, disc at first fuscous then yellowish, +opaque; flesh yellowish ochre; g. subadnate, very broad, rather +crowded, pallid olive; s. stuffed, subequal, bluish, violet punctate, +apex white; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>(Next <i>C. anfractus</i>, p. <a href="#Page_179">179</a>.)</p> + +<p><b>Cortinarius</b> (Phleg.) <b>elotus</b>, Fr. Acrid. P. subpulvinate, unequal, +glabrous, slightly viscid, sooty then tawny tan, edge darker +and at length striate; g. emarginate, rather distant, pallid then olive +tan; s. short, fibrillose, pallid, marginate bulb obsolete; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>(Next <i>C. talus</i>, p. <a href="#Page_180">180</a>.)</p> + +<p><b>Cortinarius</b> (Phleg.) <b>arquatus</b>, Fr. P. equal, even, very glabrous, +viscid, discoid, disc bay, edge yellowish, polished and shining when +dry; g. subadnate, crowded, purplish then cinnamon; s. solid, pallid, +except the obconic marginate bulb, apex tinged blue inside and out; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>(Next <i>C. purpurascens</i>, p. <a href="#Page_180">180</a>.)</p> + +<p><b>Cortinarius</b> (Phleg.) <b>causticus</b>, Fr. Smell strong. P. convexo-plane, +obtuse, glabrous, punctate, hygrophanous, very viscid, tawny +when moist, then pale; g. ventricoso-emarginate, scarcely crowded, +broad, whitish yellow; s. firm, elastic, glabrous, shining white; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>(Next <i>C. emollitius</i>, p. <a href="#Page_182">182</a>.)</p> + +<p><b>Cortinarius</b> (Phleg.) <b>vespertinus</b>, Fr. P. convexo-plane, soft, +glabrous, obsoletely viscid, subrugose, yellow, sometimes pale; g. +emarginate, very broad, crowded, tawny cinnamon, transversely +veined, edge whitish; s. solid, elongated, rather slender, fibrillose, +shining white, base thickened; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>(Next <i>C. intentus</i>, p. <a href="#Page_183">183</a>.)</p> + +<p><b>Cortinarius</b> (Phleg.) <b>liratus</b>, Fr. P. 5-6 cm. thin, convexo-plane, +very glabrous, hygrophanous, viscid, radiately lacunose near the +edge, honey-colour then somewhat ochre; g. emarginate, crowded, +pale rusty; s. filled with pith limited by a dark horny line, equal, +fibrillose, yellowish, base thickened; sp. ——.</p> + +<p>(Before <i>C. intentus</i>, p. <a href="#Page_183">183</a>.)</p> + +<p><b>Cortinarius</b> (Phleg.) <b>amurceus</b>, Fr. P. convexo-plane, squamulosely +papillose, viscid, sometimes gibbous, honey-tan; g. entirely +adnate, distant, yellowish olive; s. solid, pallid, somewhat attenuated; +sp. ——.</p> + +<p>(Next <i>C. olivascens</i>, p. <a href="#Page_183">183</a>.)</p> + +<p><b>Coprinus purpureophyllus</b>, Jacobasch. P. 1-2.5 cm. conico-campan. +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_244" id="Page_244">[Pg 244]</a></span>torn, diaphanous, pale greyish-yellow, sulcate up to apex, +covered with grey squamules which soon disappear; g. white then +intense purplish violet, finally blackish, linear, ascending, crowded, +adnexed, deliquescent; s. white, silky, generally curved, narrowed +upwards from the subbulbous strigose base, apex white-mealy, +remainder glabrous, fragile; sp. 7.5-8.5 × 5.5.</p> + +<p>Growing on birch branches.</p> + +<p>(Next to <i>Coprinus roris</i>, p. <a href="#Page_233">233</a>.)</p> + + +<h2><a name="CORRECTIONS" id="CORRECTIONS"></a>CORRECTIONS.</h2> + +<p><b>Armillaria focalis</b>, Fr. (p. <a href="#Page_14">14</a>), should be placed in the genus +<i>Lepiota</i>, following <i>L. naucina</i>, Fr., p. <a href="#Page_11">11</a>.</p> + +<p><b>Cortinarius subsimilis</b>, Fr. (p. <a href="#Page_183">183</a>), should be placed under the +section "<i>Gills olive or smoky</i>," p. <a href="#Page_183">183</a>.</p> + +<p><b>Cortinarius Karstenii</b>, Sacc. and Syd. This name should replace +<i>Cort. olivascens</i>, Karsten, p. <a href="#Page_191">191</a>. There is an earlier <i>Cort. +olivascens</i>, Fries, p. <a href="#Page_183">183</a>.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_245" id="Page_245">[Pg 245]</a></span></p> +<h1><a name="BIBLIOGRAPHY" id="BIBLIOGRAPHY"></a>BIBLIOGRAPHY.</h1> + + +<p><i>The following short list of comparatively recent works indicates +where more detailed descriptions and illustrations of European +Agarics may be consulted.</i></p> + +<p class="center"><span class="smcap">General Works, containing descriptions of the +Agarics of more than one country.</span></p> + +<p>Hymenomycetes Europaei, sive Epicriseos Systematis Mycologici; +Elias Fries. Ed. <span class="smcap">II.</span> Upsala, 1876.</p> + +<p>(Although not of recent date, this work cannot be omitted, inasmuch +as it embodies the experience of over fifty years of continuous +observation on the part of the author, and is the sheet-anchor of the +present generation of mycologists. Written in Latin.)</p> + +<p>Sylloge Fungorum omnium hucusque cognitorum; P. A. Saccardo. +Vol. <span class="smcap">V.</span> Padua, 1887.</p> + +<p>(Contains descriptions of all European Agarics up to date of +publication. Later discoveries are contained in various supplements. +Written in Latin.)</p> + +<p>Rysslands, Finlands och den Skandinaviska halföns Hattsvampar; +P. A. Karsten. Helsingfors, 1879.</p> + +<p>(Descriptions of Russian, Finnish and Scandinavian Agarics, in +Swedish. It is in this work where Fries' subgenera, as Amanita, etc. +are first raised to specific rank. Written in Swedish.)</p> + +<p>Die Pilze Deutschlands, Oesterreichs und der Schweiz; Georg +Winter. Leipzig, 1884.</p> + +<p>(This forms the first volume of Rabenhorst's 'Kryptogamen-Flora +von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz,' and contains along +with other fungi, descriptions of the Agarics of Germany, Austria +and Switzerland, in German.)</p> + +<p>Flore Mycologique de la France et des Pays limitrophes; Lucien +Quélet. Paris, 1888.</p> + +<p>(This is undoubtedly the best and latest work containing detailed +descriptions of the Basidiomycetes of Central and Western Europe. +The systematic arrangement is new and somewhat perplexing, and +the index is a terror. Written in French.)</p> + +<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Great Britain.</span></p> + +<p>Illustrations of British Fungi; M. C. Cooke. London, 1881-1891.</p> + +<p>(This is by far the most important, and at the same time the most +comprehensive series of coloured figures of Agarics ever published in +any country, including 1199 plates.)</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_246" id="Page_246">[Pg 246]</a></span></p><p>Handbook of British Fungi; M. C. Cooke. London, 1883.</p> + +<p>(This work is a second edition of Cooke's 'Handbook of British +Fungi,' London, 1871, and contains descriptions of all the figures +given in the 'Illustrations of British Fungi.')</p> + +<p>British Fungus-Flora; Geo. Massee. 4 vols. London, 1892-1895.</p> + +<p>(The first three volumes include all the British Agarics up to +date of publication. In addition to a diagnosis of each species, critical +notes by Fries, Berkeley, Cooke and other mycologists are appended.)</p> + +<p class="center"><span class="smcap">France.</span></p> + +<p>Les Hyménomycètes, ou description de tous les Champignons +(Fungi) qui croissent en France; C. C. Gillet. Alençon, 1874-1902.</p> + +<p>(Contains descriptions of all known French Hymenomycetes, +illustrated by 1907 coloured plates, 8vo. In French.)</p> + +<p>Figures peintes de Champignons de la France; L. Lucand, 1884-1889.</p> + +<p>(A series of beautifully executed figures, mostly Agarics, on 425 +plates 4to size. The number of copies was in the first instance very +limited, and prepared only for subscribers. No descriptive text; +names and synonyms given on the plates.)</p> + +<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Germany.</span></p> + +<p>Die Pilze Schlesiens; J. Schroeter. Breslau, 1889.</p> + +<p>(This work constitutes Vol. <span class="smcap">III.</span> part <span class="smcap">I.</span> of Cohn's Kryptogamen-Flora +von Schlesien, and contains full descriptions of all Agarics +indigenous to Silesia. In German.)</p> + +<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Sweden.</span></p> + +<p>Icones selectae Hymenomycetum nondum delineatorum; Elias +Fries. Stockholm, 1867.</p> + +<p>(An indispensable work to the student of the Agaricaceae, containing +descriptions and coloured figures of numerous species on 200 +4to. plates. Written in Latin.)</p> + +<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Austria.</span></p> + +<p>Fungi Tridentini novi, vel nondum delineati, descripti, et iconibus +illustrati; J. Bresadola. Tridenti, 1881-.</p> + +<p>(This work contains very full descriptions of new or critical +species, mostly Agarics, which are illustrated in colour on 217 plates, +8vo. Written in Latin. This work appears in parts at irregular +intervals, and is still going on.)</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_247" id="Page_247">[Pg 247]</a></span></p> +<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Italy.</span></p> + +<p>Flore Mycologique Illustrée. Les Champignons des Alpes-Maritimes; +J. B. Barla. Nice, 1888-1892.</p> + +<p>(An excellent work, 4to size, containing coloured illustrations of +new, rare, or critical Agarics on 64 plates. In French.)</p> + +<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Holland.</span></p> + +<p>Révision des Champignons tant supérieurs qu'inférieurs trouvés +jusqu'à ce jour dans les Pays-Bas; C. A. J. A. Oudemans. Amsterdam, +1893.</p> + +<p>(Vol. <span class="smcap">I.</span> of this work contains descriptions and valuable original +comments of all the Hymenomycetes, Gasteromycetes, and Hypodermei +met with in Holland. Written in French.)</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_248" id="Page_248">[Pg 248]</a></span></p> +<h1><a name="INDEX" id="INDEX"></a>INDEX.</h1> + + +<p>abhorrens (Omp.), <a href="#Page_95">95</a></p> + +<p>abietina (Lenz.), <a href="#Page_116">116</a></p> + +<p>abjecta (Ino.), <a href="#Page_150">150</a></p> + +<p>abrupta (Flam.), <a href="#Page_173">173</a></p> + +<p>abstrusa (Nau.), <a href="#Page_163">163</a></p> + +<p>acerbum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_26">26</a></p> + +<p>acerinus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_101">101</a></p> + +<p>acerosus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_103">103</a></p> + +<p>acervata (Col.), <a href="#Page_53">53</a></p> + +<p>acetabulosa (Loc.), <a href="#Page_141">141</a></p> + +<p>acicula (Myc.), <a href="#Page_44">44</a></p> + +<p>acris (Lac.), <a href="#Page_63">63</a></p> + +<p>actinophorus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_61">61</a></p> + +<p>acuminatus (Paneo.), <a href="#Page_218">218</a></p> + +<p>acutesquamosa (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_9">9</a></p> + +<p>acutus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_200">200</a></p> + +<p>acuus (Ecc.), <a href="#Page_137">137</a></p> + +<p>adhaerens (Lent.), <a href="#Page_112">112</a></p> + +<p>adiposa (Phol.), <a href="#Page_144">144</a></p> + +<p>adnata (Amtop.), <a href="#Page_7">7</a></p> + +<p>adonis (Myc.), <a href="#Page_39">39</a></p> + +<p>adsentiens (Cli.), <a href="#Page_82">82</a></p> + +<p>adunata (Cli.), <a href="#Page_84">84</a></p> + +<p>adusta (Rus.), <a href="#Page_32">32</a></p> + +<p>aegerita (Phol.), <a href="#Page_143">143</a></p> + +<p>aelopodium (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_213">213</a></p> + +<p>aemulans (Lep.), <a href="#Page_134">134</a></p> + +<p>aerina (Col.), <a href="#Page_48">48</a></p> + +<p>aeruginea (Rus.), <a href="#Page_33">33</a></p> + +<p>aeruginosa (Stro.), <a href="#Page_208">208</a></p> + +<p>aestuans (Trich.), <a href="#Page_19">19</a></p> + +<p>aethiops (Lep.), <a href="#Page_132">132</a></p> + +<p>aetites (Myc.), <a href="#Page_43">43</a></p> + +<p>affinis (Bolb.), <a href="#Page_147">147</a></p> + +<p>affinis (Copr.), <a href="#Page_238">238</a></p> + +<p>affricata (Omp.), <a href="#Page_93">93</a></p> + +<p><b>Agaricus</b>, <a href="#Page_204">204</a></p> + +<p>agathosmus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_73">73</a></p> + +<p>Aghardhii (Flam.), <a href="#Page_176">176</a></p> + +<p>aggregata (Cli.), <a href="#Page_83">83</a></p> + +<p>agraria (Bil.), <a href="#Page_225">225</a></p> + +<p>albellum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_24">24</a></p> + +<p>Albertinii (Copr.), <a href="#Page_235">235</a></p> + +<p>Albertinii (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_98">98</a></p> + +<p>albida (Lenz.), <a href="#Page_116">116</a></p> + +<p>albidus (Can.), <a href="#Page_107">107</a></p> + +<p>albidus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_74">74</a></p> + +<p>albidopallens (Omp.), <a href="#Page_95">95</a></p> + +<p>albipes (Ino.), <a href="#Page_153">153</a></p> + +<p>albobrunneum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_18">18</a></p> + +<p>albocyanea (Stro.), <a href="#Page_209">209</a></p> + +<p>albocyaneus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_189">189</a></p> + +<p>albofimbriatum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_19">19</a></p> + +<p>albonitens (Stro.), <a href="#Page_210">210</a></p> + +<p>albosericea (Arm.), <a href="#Page_15">15</a></p> + +<p>alboviolaceus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_186">186</a></p> + +<p>albula (Omp.), <a href="#Page_92">92</a></p> + +<p>albulus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_236">236</a></p> + +<p>album (Trich.), <a href="#Page_25">25</a></p> + +<p>albus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_232">232</a></p> + +<p>albus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_78">78</a></p> + +<p>alcalina (Myc.), <a href="#Page_42">42</a></p> + +<p>Aldridgei (Flam.), <a href="#Page_172">172</a></p> + +<p>aleuriatus (Pluteo.), <a href="#Page_147">147</a></p> + +<p>Alexandri (Loc.), <a href="#Page_141">141</a></p> + +<p>Alexandri (Pax.), <a href="#Page_139">139</a></p> + +<p>algeriensis (Pilo.), <a href="#Page_208">208</a></p> + +<p>algidus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_104">104</a></p> + +<p>alliaceus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_60">60</a></p> + +<p>allutus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_180">180</a></p> + +<p>almeni (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_102">102</a></p> + +<p>alnicola (Flam.), <a href="#Page_174">174</a></p> + +<p>alopecia (Copr.), <a href="#Page_233">233</a></p> + +<p>alpinus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_183">183</a></p> + +<p>alternatus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_239">239</a></p> + +<p>alumna (Col.), <a href="#Page_50">50</a></p> + +<p>alutacea (Cli.), <a href="#Page_81">81</a></p> + +<p>alutacea (Ann.), <a href="#Page_120">120</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_249" id="Page_249">[Pg 249]</a></span></p><p>alutacea (Rus.), <a href="#Page_29">29</a></p> + +<p>alutaceorubens (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_74">74</a></p> + +<p>alutipes (Cort.), <a href="#Page_183">183</a></p> + +<p>alveolus (Crep.), <a href="#Page_201">201</a></p> + +<p>amadelphus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_59">59</a></p> + +<p><b>Amanita</b>, <a href="#Page_3">3</a></p> + +<p><b>Amanitopsis</b>, <a href="#Page_6">6</a></p> + +<p>amara (Cli.), <a href="#Page_81">81</a></p> + +<p>amarella (Cli.), <a href="#Page_81">81</a></p> + +<p>amarescens (Nau.), <a href="#Page_164">164</a></p> + +<p>ambigua (Cli.), <a href="#Page_87">87</a></p> + +<p>ambiguus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_101">101</a></p> + +<p>Ambrosii (Arm.), <a href="#Page_15">15</a></p> + +<p>ambusta (Col.), <a href="#Page_55">55</a></p> + +<p>ameides (Ent.), <a href="#Page_125">125</a></p> + +<p>amethystinum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_24">24</a></p> + +<p>amethystinus (Agar.), <a href="#Page_207">207</a></p> + +<p>amethystinus (Can.), <a href="#Page_106">106</a></p> + +<p>amianthina (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_13">13</a></p> + +<p>amici (Aman.), <a href="#Page_5">5</a></p> + +<p>amicta (Myc.), <a href="#Page_43">43</a></p> + +<p>amicus (Trich.), <a href="#Page_25">25</a></p> + +<p>ammoniaca (Myc.), <a href="#Page_42">42</a></p> + +<p>ammophila (Psil.), <a href="#Page_226">226</a></p> + +<p>ammophilus (Agar.), <a href="#Page_205">205</a></p> + +<p>amoena (Nau.), <a href="#Page_165">165</a></p> + +<p>ampelina (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_219">219</a></p> + +<p>ampla (Cli.), <a href="#Page_83">83</a></p> + +<p>amurceus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_243">243</a></p> + +<p>anapacta (Cli.), <a href="#Page_83">83</a></p> + +<p>anatina (Lep.), <a href="#Page_131">131</a></p> + +<p>androsaceus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_61">61</a></p> + +<p><b>Anellaria</b>, <a href="#Page_212">212</a></p> + +<p>anfractus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_179">179</a></p> + +<p>anguinea (Nau.), <a href="#Page_163">163</a></p> + +<p>angulatus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_59">59</a></p> + +<p>angulosus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_198">198</a></p> + +<p>angustissima (Cli.), <a href="#Page_90">90</a></p> + +<p>angustus (Agar.), <a href="#Page_204">204</a></p> + +<p>angustus (Clitop.), <a href="#Page_135">135</a></p> + +<p>anisatus (Lent.), <a href="#Page_112">112</a></p> + +<p><b>Annularia</b>, <a href="#Page_120">120</a></p> + +<p>anomalus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_189">189</a></p> + +<p>anthracinus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_189">189</a></p> + +<p>anthrocophila (Tub.), <a href="#Page_171">171</a></p> + +<p>antipoda (Gal.), <a href="#Page_169">169</a></p> + +<p>apala (Gal.), <a href="#Page_168">168</a></p> + +<p>aphthosus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_231">231</a></p> + +<p>apicalis (Bolb.), <a href="#Page_148">148</a></p> + +<p>apicrea (Flam.), <a href="#Page_175">175</a></p> + +<p>apiculata (Ecc.), <a href="#Page_136">136</a></p> + +<p>appendiculatum (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_216">216</a></p> + +<p>applicatus (Can.), <a href="#Page_109">109</a></p> + +<p>applicatus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_104">104</a></p> + +<p>applanata (Cli.), <a href="#Page_89">89</a></p> + +<p>applanatus (Crep.), <a href="#Page_201">201</a></p> + +<p>aquatilis (Gal.), <a href="#Page_170">170</a></p> + +<p>aquifolii (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_99">99</a></p> + +<p>aquila (Lep.), <a href="#Page_133">133</a></p> + +<p>aquosa (Col.), <a href="#Page_53">53</a></p> + +<p>arata (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_219">219</a></p> + +<p>aratus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_236">236</a></p> + +<p>arbustivus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_72">72</a></p> + +<p>archyropus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_58">58</a></p> + +<p>arcuatum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_25">25</a></p> + +<p>ardosiacum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_125">125</a></p> + +<p>arenaria (Vol.), <a href="#Page_119">119</a></p> + +<p>arenarius (Cort.), <a href="#Page_193">193</a></p> + +<p>arenarius (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_105">105</a></p> + +<p>arenatus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_187">187</a></p> + +<p>arenicola (Omp.), <a href="#Page_93">93</a></p> + +<p>areolata (Psil.), <a href="#Page_225">225</a></p> + +<p>argematus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_63">63</a></p> + +<p>argentatus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_185">185</a></p> + +<p>argutus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_185">185</a></p> + +<p>arida (Aman.), <a href="#Page_6">6</a></p> + +<p>armeniaca (Rus.), <a href="#Page_30">30</a></p> + +<p>armeniacus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_197">197</a></p> + +<p><b>Armillaria</b>, <a href="#Page_14">14</a></p> + +<p>armillatus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_192">192</a></p> + +<p>Arnoldii (Cli.), <a href="#Page_86">86</a></p> + +<p>aromaticus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_73">73</a></p> + +<p>arquatus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_243">243</a></p> + +<p><b>Arrhenia</b>, <a href="#Page_109">109</a></p> + +<p>artemisiae (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_215">215</a></p> + +<p>arvalis (Nau.), <a href="#Page_165">165</a></p> + +<p>arvensis (Agar.), <a href="#Page_205">205</a></p> + +<p>arvinaceus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_183">183</a></p> + +<p>asema (Col.), <a href="#Page_49">49</a></p> + +<p>asinina (Ino.), <a href="#Page_150">150</a></p> + +<p>aspera (Aman.), <a href="#Page_5">5</a></p> + +<p>asperella (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_220">220</a></p> + +<p>aspideus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_62">62</a></p> + +<p>asprellus (Lep.), <a href="#Page_133">133</a></p> + +<p>asterophora (Nyc.), <a href="#Page_110">110</a></p> + +<p>asterospora (Ino.), <a href="#Page_153">153</a></p> + +<p>astragalina (Flam.), <a href="#Page_174">174</a></p> + +<p>atomata (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_220">220</a></p> + +<p>atramentarius (Copr.), <a href="#Page_230">230</a></p> + +<p>atramentosa (Col.), <a href="#Page_55">55</a></p> + +<p>atrata (Col.), <a href="#Page_55">55</a></p> + +<p>atrides (Ecc.), <a href="#Page_136">136</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_250" id="Page_250">[Pg 250]</a></span></p><p>atripes (Omp.), <a href="#Page_96">96</a></p> + +<p>atroalba (Myc.), <a href="#Page_41">41</a></p> + +<p>atrobrunnea (Psil.), <a href="#Page_224">224</a></p> + +<p>atrocinereum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_21">21</a></p> + +<p>atrocoeruleus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_104">104</a></p> + +<p>atrocrocea (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_11">11</a></p> + +<p>atrocyanea (Myc.), <a href="#Page_41">41</a></p> + +<p>atromarginata (Myc.), <a href="#Page_37">37</a></p> + +<p>atropuncta (Ecc.), <a href="#Page_137">137</a></p> + +<p>atropurpurea (Rus.), <a href="#Page_33">33</a></p> + +<p>atrorufa (Psil.), <a href="#Page_226">226</a></p> + +<p>atrotomentosus (Pax.), <a href="#Page_140">140</a></p> + +<p>atrovirens (Cort.), <a href="#Page_181">181</a></p> + +<p>attenuatus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_238">238</a></p> + +<p>aurantia (Arm.), <a href="#Page_15">15</a></p> + +<p>aurantiacus (Can.), <a href="#Page_106">106</a></p> + +<p>aurantiacus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_69">69</a></p> + +<p>aurantiomarginata (Myc.), <a href="#Page_37">37</a></p> + +<p>aurantiorugosus (Plut.), <a href="#Page_123">123</a></p> + +<p>aurata (Rus.), <a href="#Page_30">30</a></p> + +<p>aurata (Rus.), <a href="#Page_34">34</a></p> + +<p>aurata (Trich.), <a href="#Page_18">18</a></p> + +<p>aurea (Phol.), <a href="#Page_141">141</a></p> + +<p>aureola (Aman.), <a href="#Page_5">5</a></p> + +<p>aureus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_72">72</a></p> + +<p>auricolor (Lent.), <a href="#Page_112">112</a></p> + +<p>auricomus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_239">239</a></p> + +<p>auricula (Cli.), <a href="#Page_80">80</a></p> + +<p>auricula (Lent.), <a href="#Page_113">113</a></p> + +<p>auriscalpium (Arrh.), <a href="#Page_109">109</a></p> + +<p>aurivella (Phol.), <a href="#Page_143">143</a></p> + +<p>austera (Flam.), <a href="#Page_175">175</a></p> + +<p>autochthona (Tub.), <a href="#Page_172">172</a></p> + +<p>avenacea (Myc.), <a href="#Page_37">37</a></p> + +<p>azurea (Rus.), <a href="#Page_33">33</a></p> + +<p>azureus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_189">189</a></p> + +<p>azyma (Flam.), <a href="#Page_175">175</a></p> + + +<p>Babingtonii (Nol.), <a href="#Page_128">128</a></p> + +<p>baccata (Amtop.), <a href="#Page_7">7</a></p> + +<p>Badhami (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_9">9</a></p> + +<p>badipes (Nau.), <a href="#Page_164">164</a></p> + +<p>badius (Lent.), <a href="#Page_112">112</a></p> + +<p>balanina (Myc.), <a href="#Page_37">37</a></p> + +<p>balaustinus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_198">198</a></p> + +<p>balteatus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_178">178</a></p> + +<p>Barlae (Psath.), <a href="#Page_221">221</a></p> + +<p>Batschianum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_125">125</a></p> + +<p>Battarrae (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_100">100</a></p> + +<p>Battarrae (Stro.), <a href="#Page_211">211</a></p> + +<p>bella (Cli.), <a href="#Page_91">91</a></p> + +<p>belliae (Omp.), <a href="#Page_97">97</a></p> + +<p>Benoistii (Col.), <a href="#Page_50">50</a></p> + +<p>Benzoinii (Myc.), <a href="#Page_39">39</a></p> + +<p>Berkeleyi (Myc.), <a href="#Page_41">41</a></p> + +<p>Bernardii (Agar.), <a href="#Page_205">205</a></p> + +<p>betulina (Lenz.), <a href="#Page_116">116</a></p> + +<p>bibula (Omp.), <a href="#Page_95">95</a></p> + +<p>bibulus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_195">195</a></p> + +<p>bicolor (Cort.), <a href="#Page_198">198</a></p> + +<p>bicolor (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_75">75</a></p> + +<p>biformis (Cort.), <a href="#Page_195">195</a></p> + +<p>biformis (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_219">219</a></p> + +<p>bifrons (Psath.), <a href="#Page_223">223</a></p> + +<p>bifurcata (Cli.), <a href="#Page_82">82</a></p> + +<p>biornata (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_9">9</a></p> + +<p>bipellis (Psath.), <a href="#Page_223">223</a></p> + +<p>birrum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_158">158</a></p> + +<p>bisontinum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_22">22</a></p> + +<p>bisus (Lent.), <a href="#Page_112">112</a></p> + +<p>bitorquis (Agar.), <a href="#Page_206">206</a></p> + +<p>bivelus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_191">191</a></p> + +<p>Bizzozerianum (Lep.), <a href="#Page_132">132</a></p> + +<p>blattaria (Phol.), <a href="#Page_142">142</a></p> + +<p>blennius (Lac.), <a href="#Page_67">67</a></p> + +<p>Bloxami (Ent.), <a href="#Page_125">125</a></p> + +<p>bolaris (Cort.), <a href="#Page_187">187</a></p> + +<p><b>Bolbitius</b>, <a href="#Page_147">147</a></p> + +<p>Boltoni (Bolb.), <a href="#Page_147">147</a></p> + +<p>bombycina (Vol.), <a href="#Page_119">119</a></p> + +<p>bona (Rus.), <a href="#Page_31">31</a></p> + +<p>Bongardii (Ino.), <a href="#Page_150">150</a></p> + +<p>boreale (Trich.), <a href="#Page_24">24</a></p> + +<p>Boudieri (Amtop.), <a href="#Page_7">7</a></p> + +<p>Boudieri (Copr.), <a href="#Page_233">233</a></p> + +<p>Boudieri (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_9">9</a></p> + +<p>Boudieri (Trich.), <a href="#Page_21">21</a></p> + +<p>bovinus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_194">194</a></p> + +<p>brachypodes (Can.), <a href="#Page_106">106</a></p> + +<p>Brebissoni (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_12">12</a></p> + +<p>Bresadolae (Amtop.), <a href="#Page_7">7</a></p> + +<p>Bresadolae (Copr.), <a href="#Page_230">230</a></p> + +<p>Bresadolae (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_72">72</a></p> + +<p>Bresadolae (Lent.), <a href="#Page_112">112</a></p> + +<p>Bresadolae (Lenz.), <a href="#Page_117">117</a></p> + +<p>Bresadolae (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_241">241</a></p> + +<p>Bresadolae (Lep.), <a href="#Page_132">132</a></p> + +<p>Bresadolae (Nol.), <a href="#Page_129">129</a></p> + +<p>Bresadolae (Pilo.), <a href="#Page_208">208</a></p> + +<p>Bresadolae (Trich.), <a href="#Page_242">242</a></p> + +<p>brevipes (Trich.), <a href="#Page_28">28</a></p> + +<p>Brigantii (Phol.), <a href="#Page_143">143</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_251" id="Page_251">[Pg 251]</a></span></p><p>Britzelmayri (Copr.), <a href="#Page_236">236</a></p> + +<p>Brownii (Can.), <a href="#Page_106">106</a></p> + +<p>brumalis (Cli.), <a href="#Page_88">88</a></p> + +<p>Brunandi (Copr.), <a href="#Page_233">233</a></p> + +<p>brunnea (Ino.), <a href="#Page_154">154</a></p> + +<p>brunneofulvus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_194">194</a></p> + +<p>brunneoincarnata (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_10">10</a></p> + +<p>brunneola (Omp.), <a href="#Page_96">96</a></p> + +<p>brunneus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_194">194</a></p> + +<p>bryophila (Nau.), <a href="#Page_168">168</a></p> + +<p>bryophila (Nol.), <a href="#Page_129">129</a></p> + +<p>bryophilus (Can.), <a href="#Page_109">109</a></p> + +<p>buccinalis (Omp.), <a href="#Page_95">95</a></p> + +<p>Bucknallii (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_13">13</a></p> + +<p>bufonium (Trich.), <a href="#Page_23">23</a></p> + +<p>bulbigera (Arm.), <a href="#Page_14">14</a></p> + +<p>bulbigenum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_125">125</a></p> + +<p>bulbillosus (Bolb.), <a href="#Page_147">147</a></p> + +<p>bulbillosus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_230">230</a></p> + +<p>bulbosus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_191">191</a></p> + +<p>bullacea (Psil.), <a href="#Page_226">226</a></p> + +<p>Bulliardii (Cort.), <a href="#Page_187">187</a></p> + +<p>Bulliardii (Mar.), <a href="#Page_61">61</a></p> + +<p>bullula (Omp.), <a href="#Page_97">97</a></p> + +<p>butyracea (Col.), <a href="#Page_49">49</a></p> + +<p>Buxbaumii (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_214">214</a></p> + +<p>buxi (Mar.), <a href="#Page_61">61</a></p> + +<p>byssisedus (Claud.), <a href="#Page_138">138</a></p> + + +<p>cacaba (Cli.), <a href="#Page_87">87</a></p> + +<p>caducus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_235">235</a></p> + +<p>caelatum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_24">24</a></p> + +<p>caerulescens (Cort.), <a href="#Page_180">180</a></p> + +<p>caesarea (Aman.), <a href="#Page_3">3</a></p> + +<p>caesariata (Ino.), <a href="#Page_154">154</a></p> + +<p>caesiolivida (Myc.), <a href="#Page_38">38</a></p> + +<p>caesiozonatus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_103">103</a></p> + +<p>caespitosa (Omp.), <a href="#Page_93">93</a></p> + +<p>calamistrata (Ino.), <a href="#Page_148">148</a></p> + +<p>calatha (Cli.), <a href="#Page_88">88</a></p> + +<p>calceata (Stro.), <a href="#Page_211">211</a></p> + +<p>caldarii (Col.), <a href="#Page_56">56</a></p> + +<p>caldarius (Agar.), <a href="#Page_207">207</a></p> + +<p>caligata (Arm.), <a href="#Page_15">15</a></p> + +<p>caliginosa (Nyc.), <a href="#Page_110">110</a></p> + +<p>caliginosus (Paneo.), <a href="#Page_217">217</a></p> + +<p>calimorpha (Lep.), <a href="#Page_133">133</a></p> + +<p>callisteus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_187">187</a></p> + +<p>callosa (Psil.), <a href="#Page_226">226</a></p> + +<p>calochrous (Cort.), <a href="#Page_180">180</a></p> + +<p>calolepis (Crep.), <a href="#Page_202">202</a></p> + +<p>calophylla (Ecc.), <a href="#Page_137">137</a></p> + +<p>calophyllus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_74">74</a></p> + +<p>calopus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_186">186</a></p> + +<p>calopus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_58">58</a></p> + +<p>calospora (Ino.), <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p> + +<p>calyptraeformis (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_79">79</a></p> + +<p>calyptratus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_98">98</a></p> + +<p>camarus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_188">188</a></p> + +<p>camelina (Lep.), <a href="#Page_132">132</a></p> + +<p>camerina (Nau.), <a href="#Page_165">165</a></p> + +<p>campanella (Omp.), <a href="#Page_95">95</a></p> + +<p>campanulata (Gal.), <a href="#Page_169">169</a></p> + +<p>campanulatus (Paneo.), <a href="#Page_217">217</a></p> + +<p>campestris (Agar.), <a href="#Page_205">205</a></p> + +<p>campestris (Omp.), <a href="#Page_93">93</a></p> + +<p>camphoratus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_186">186</a></p> + +<p>camphoratus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_65">65</a></p> + +<p>camptophylla (Omp.), <a href="#Page_96">96</a></p> + +<p>canaliculata (Nyc.), <a href="#Page_110">110</a></p> + +<p>cancrinus (Clitop.), <a href="#Page_135">135</a></p> + +<p>candelaris (Cort.), <a href="#Page_197">197</a></p> + +<p>candicans (Cli.), <a href="#Page_83">83</a></p> + +<p>candida (Cli.), <a href="#Page_86">86</a></p> + +<p>candida (Omp.), <a href="#Page_97">97</a></p> + +<p>candidus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_59">59</a></p> + +<p>candidus (Plut.), <a href="#Page_123">123</a></p> + +<p>Candolleanum (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_216">216</a></p> + +<p>Candollei (Mont.), <a href="#Page_240">240</a></p> + +<p>canescens (Myc.), <a href="#Page_44">44</a></p> + +<p>caninus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_188">188</a></p> + +<p>canobrunnea (Psil.), <a href="#Page_227">227</a></p> + +<p>canofaciens (Psil.), <a href="#Page_225">225</a></p> + +<p><b>Cantharellus</b>, <a href="#Page_106">106</a></p> + +<p>canus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_105">105</a></p> + +<p>caperata (Phol.), <a href="#Page_141">141</a></p> + +<p>capillacea (Stro.), <a href="#Page_209">209</a></p> + +<p>capillaris (Myc.), <a href="#Page_47">47</a></p> + +<p>capistrata (Phol.), <a href="#Page_142">142</a></p> + +<p>capniocephalum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_161">161</a></p> + +<p>capnoides (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_213">213</a></p> + +<p>capreolarius (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_71">71</a></p> + +<p>capsicoides (Lac.), <a href="#Page_68">68</a></p> + +<p>capsicum (Lac.), <a href="#Page_67">67</a></p> + +<p>capucina (Ino.), <a href="#Page_150">150</a></p> + +<p>caput-medusae (Stro.), <a href="#Page_211">211</a></p> + +<p>carbonaria (Flam.), <a href="#Page_174">174</a></p> + +<p>carbonarius (Can.), <a href="#Page_107">107</a></p> + +<p>carcharias (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_12">12</a></p> + +<p>Cardarella (Cli.), <a href="#Page_80">80</a></p> + +<p>caricicola (Tub.), <a href="#Page_172">172</a></p> + +<p>cariosa (Aman.), <a href="#Page_6">6</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_252" id="Page_252">[Pg 252]</a></span></p><p>carneifolia (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_8">8</a></p> + +<p>carneoalbus (Clitop.), <a href="#Page_135">135</a></p> + +<p>carneogrisea (Ecc.), <a href="#Page_136">136</a></p> + +<p>carneolum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_24">24</a></p> + +<p>carneovirens (Nol.), <a href="#Page_130">130</a></p> + +<p>carneosanguinea (Myc.), <a href="#Page_37">37</a></p> + +<p>carneum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_24">24</a></p> + +<p>carpathicus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_58">58</a></p> + +<p>carpinus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_74">74</a></p> + +<p>carpophila (Nau.), <a href="#Page_168">168</a></p> + +<p>carpta (Ino.), <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p> + +<p>cartilagineum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_21">21</a></p> + +<p>cascum (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_215">215</a></p> + +<p>castanea (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_9">9</a></p> + +<p>castaneus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_198">198</a></p> + +<p>castoreus (Lent.), <a href="#Page_113">113</a></p> + +<p>catarium (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_216">216</a></p> + +<p>catervata (Psil.), <a href="#Page_228">228</a></p> + +<p>catina (Cli.), <a href="#Page_87">87</a></p> + +<p>caudata (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_219">219</a></p> + +<p>caussetta (Arm.), <a href="#Page_15">15</a></p> + +<p>causticus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_243">243</a></p> + +<p>cauticinalis (Mar.), <a href="#Page_60">60</a></p> + +<p>centrifugus (Trich.), <a href="#Page_242">242</a></p> + +<p>centunculus (Nau.), <a href="#Page_163">163</a></p> + +<p>centurio (Trich.), <a href="#Page_19">19</a></p> + +<p>cepaestipes (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_11">11</a></p> + +<p>cephalixus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_179">179</a></p> + +<p>ceraceus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_77">77</a></p> + +<p>cerasina (Rus.), <a href="#Page_33">33</a></p> + +<p>cerasinus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_73">73</a></p> + +<p>cerifera (Phol.), <a href="#Page_143">143</a></p> + +<p>cerinum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_23">23</a></p> + +<p>cernua (Psil.), <a href="#Page_227">227</a></p> + +<p>cerodes (Nau.), <a href="#Page_163">163</a></p> + +<p>cerussata (Cli.), <a href="#Page_82">82</a></p> + +<p>cervina (Cli.), <a href="#Page_87">87</a></p> + +<p>cervinus (Plut.), <a href="#Page_120">120</a></p> + +<p>Cesatii (Crep.), <a href="#Page_203">203</a></p> + +<p>cessans (Col.), <a href="#Page_55">55</a></p> + +<p>cetrata (Nol.), <a href="#Page_129">129</a></p> + +<p>chalybea (Lep.), <a href="#Page_132">132</a></p> + +<p>chamaelontina (Rus.), <a href="#Page_31">31</a></p> + +<p>chelidonia (Myc.), <a href="#Page_45">45</a></p> + +<p>chimnophilus (Crep.), <a href="#Page_202">202</a></p> + +<p>chioneus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_105">105</a></p> + +<p><b>Chitonia</b>, <a href="#Page_204">204</a></p> + +<p>chlorantha (Myc.), <a href="#Page_39">39</a></p> + +<p>chlorocyanea (Omp.), <a href="#Page_97">97</a></p> + +<p>chloroides (Rus.), <a href="#Page_32">32</a></p> + +<p>chlorophanus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_79">79</a></p> + +<p>chloropolius (Lep.), <a href="#Page_133">133</a></p> + +<p>chondroderma (Psil.), <a href="#Page_225">225</a></p> + +<p>chordalis (Mar.), <a href="#Page_60">60</a></p> + +<p>christinae (Nau.), <a href="#Page_162">162</a></p> + +<p>chrysenterum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_23">23</a></p> + +<p>chrysodon (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_71">71</a></p> + +<p>chrysoleuca (Omp.), <a href="#Page_91">91</a></p> + +<p>chrysophaeus (Plut.), <a href="#Page_123">123</a></p> + +<p>chrysophylla (Omp.), <a href="#Page_92">92</a></p> + +<p>chrysophyllus (Pax.), <a href="#Page_140">140</a></p> + +<p>chrysorrheus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_62">62</a></p> + +<p>cibarius (Can.), <a href="#Page_106">106</a></p> + +<p>cicatrisatus (Clitop.), <a href="#Page_135">135</a></p> + +<p>cidaris (Nau.), <a href="#Page_162">162</a></p> + +<p>cilicioides (Lac.), <a href="#Page_66">66</a></p> + +<p>cimicarius (Lac.), <a href="#Page_68">68</a></p> + +<p>cimmeria (Myc.), <a href="#Page_44">44</a></p> + +<p>cincinnata (Ino.), <a href="#Page_149">149</a></p> + +<p>cinerascens (Trich.), <a href="#Page_27">27</a></p> + +<p>cineratus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_235">235</a></p> + +<p>cinerea (Aman.), <a href="#Page_4">4</a></p> + +<p>cinerea (Myc.), <a href="#Page_42">42</a></p> + +<p>cinerella (Myc.), <a href="#Page_42">42</a></p> + +<p>cinereoviolascens (Cort.), <a href="#Page_186">186</a></p> + +<p>cinereus (Can.), <a href="#Page_107">107</a></p> + +<p>cinereus (Plut.), <a href="#Page_122">122</a></p> + +<p>cingulata (Arm.), <a href="#Page_15">15</a></p> + +<p>cinnabarina (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_12">12</a></p> + +<p>cinnamomaeifolia (Col.), <a href="#Page_53">53</a></p> + +<p>cinnamomea (Lenz.), <a href="#Page_116">116</a></p> + +<p>cinnamomeus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_189">189</a></p> + +<p>circellatus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_67">67</a></p> + +<p>circellatipes (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_219">219</a></p> + +<p>circinans (Heb.), <a href="#Page_161">161</a></p> + +<p>circinatus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_99">99</a></p> + +<p>circumtectum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_25">25</a></p> + +<p>cirrhata (Col.), <a href="#Page_51">51</a></p> + +<p>citri (Arm.), <a href="#Page_16">16</a></p> + +<p>citrina (Aman.), <a href="#Page_5">5</a></p> + +<p>citrina (Rus.), <a href="#Page_32">32</a></p> + +<p>citrinella (Myc.), <a href="#Page_45">45</a></p> + +<p>citrinocroceus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_78">78</a></p> + +<p>citrinomarginata (Myc.), <a href="#Page_38">38</a></p> + +<p>citriophylla (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_10">10</a></p> + +<p>civile (Trich.), <a href="#Page_26">26</a></p> + +<p>cladophylla (Myc.), <a href="#Page_44">44</a></p> + +<p>clandestina (Nol.), <a href="#Page_129">129</a></p> + +<p>claricolor (Cort.), <a href="#Page_177">177</a></p> + +<p>Clarkii (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_76">76</a></p> + +<p>Clarkii (Ino.), <a href="#Page_155">155</a></p> + +<p>claroflava (Rus.), <a href="#Page_34">34</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_253" id="Page_253">[Pg 253]</a></span></p><p><b>Claudopus</b>, <a href="#Page_137">137</a></p> + +<p>claviceps (Heb.), <a href="#Page_158">158</a></p> + +<p>clavicularis (Myc.), <a href="#Page_45">45</a></p> + +<p>clavipes (Cli.), <a href="#Page_80">80</a></p> + +<p>clavus (Col.), <a href="#Page_53">53</a></p> + +<p>cliduchus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_179">179</a></p> + +<p><b>Clitocybe</b>, <a href="#Page_80">80</a></p> + +<p>clitopila (Flam.), <a href="#Page_173">173</a></p> + +<p><b>Clitopilus</b>, <a href="#Page_134">134</a></p> + +<p>clivalis (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_75">75</a></p> + +<p>clivensis (Psil.), <a href="#Page_227">227</a></p> + +<p>clusilis (Col.), <a href="#Page_56">56</a></p> + +<p>clypeatum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_127">127</a></p> + +<p>clypeolaria (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_10">10</a></p> + +<p>cnista (Trich.), <a href="#Page_27">27</a></p> + +<p>coccineus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_77">77</a></p> + +<p>coccola (Aman.), <a href="#Page_3">3</a></p> + +<p>cochlearis (Panus), <a href="#Page_115">115</a></p> + +<p>cochleatus (Lent.), <a href="#Page_112">112</a></p> + +<p>cocles (Nol.), <a href="#Page_131">131</a></p> + +<p>codoniceps (Myc.), <a href="#Page_47">47</a></p> + +<p>coelestina (Nol.), <a href="#Page_130">130</a></p> + +<p>Coemansii (Can.), <a href="#Page_109">109</a></p> + +<p>coerulea (Rus.), <a href="#Page_30">30</a></p> + +<p>coffeata (Cli.), <a href="#Page_83">83</a></p> + +<p>cohaerens (Myc.), <a href="#Page_40">40</a></p> + +<p>Colemannianus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_77">77</a></p> + +<p>collariata (Myc.), <a href="#Page_44">44</a></p> + +<p>collina (Col.), <a href="#Page_51">51</a></p> + +<p>collinitus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_183">183</a></p> + +<p><b>Collybia</b>, <a href="#Page_47">47</a></p> + +<p>colossus (Trich.), <a href="#Page_18">18</a></p> + +<p>colubrina (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_11">11</a></p> + +<p>colus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_198">198</a></p> + +<p>colymbadinus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_190">190</a></p> + +<p>comatus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_229">229</a></p> + +<p>comitalis (Cli.), <a href="#Page_80">80</a></p> + +<p>committa (Ino.), <a href="#Page_155">155</a></p> + +<p>commune (Schiz.), <a href="#Page_118">118</a></p> + +<p>comosa (Phol.), <a href="#Page_143">143</a></p> + +<p>compactum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_21">21</a></p> + +<p>compar (Cort.), <a href="#Page_183">183</a></p> + +<p>compta (Psil.), <a href="#Page_226">226</a></p> + +<p>comptulus (Agar.), <a href="#Page_207">207</a></p> + +<p>concava (Cli.), <a href="#Page_88">88</a></p> + +<p>concentricus (Clitop.), <a href="#Page_135">135</a></p> + +<p>conchatus (Panus), <a href="#Page_114">114</a></p> + +<p>concolor (Col.), <a href="#Page_48">48</a></p> + +<p>conditus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_237">237</a></p> + +<p>conferta (Gal.), <a href="#Page_169">169</a></p> + +<p>confluens (Col.), <a href="#Page_51">51</a></p> + +<p>conformata (Ino.), <a href="#Page_156">156</a></p> + +<p>confragosa (Phol.), <a href="#Page_145">145</a></p> + +<p>confusa (Ino.), <a href="#Page_156">156</a></p> + +<p>conglobatum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_25">25</a></p> + +<p>congregatus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_239">239</a></p> + +<p>conicus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_78">78</a></p> + +<p>conigena (Col.), <a href="#Page_51">51</a></p> + +<p>conissans (Flam.), <a href="#Page_175">175</a></p> + +<p>connata (Cli.), <a href="#Page_84">84</a></p> + +<p>connatus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_76">76</a></p> + +<p>connexifolia (Ino.), <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p> + +<p>conocephalus (Bolb.), <a href="#Page_147">147</a></p> + +<p>conopilea (Psath.), <a href="#Page_221">221</a></p> + +<p>consentiens (Stro.), <a href="#Page_209">209</a></p> + +<p>consimilis (Myc.), <a href="#Page_42">42</a></p> + +<p>consimilis (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_220">220</a></p> + +<p>consobrina (Rus.), <a href="#Page_35">35</a></p> + +<p>conspersa (Nau.), <a href="#Page_167">167</a></p> + +<p>constricta (Arm.), <a href="#Page_15">15</a></p> + +<p>contortus (Lent.), <a href="#Page_111">111</a></p> + +<p>controversus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_70">70</a></p> + +<p>Cookei (Ent.), <a href="#Page_126">126</a></p> + +<p>Cookei (Ino.), <a href="#Page_152">152</a></p> + +<p>coöpertus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_237">237</a></p> + +<p>coprinifacies (Stro.), <a href="#Page_209">209</a></p> + +<p><b>Coprinus</b>, <a href="#Page_228">228</a></p> + +<p>coprinus (Chit.), <a href="#Page_204">204</a></p> + +<p>coprophila (Psil.), <a href="#Page_226">226</a></p> + +<p>coracina (Col.), <a href="#Page_54">54</a></p> + +<p>Cordae (Ent.), <a href="#Page_127">127</a></p> + +<p>coriaceus (Can.), <a href="#Page_108">108</a></p> + +<p>coriarium (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_215">215</a></p> + +<p>coripellis (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_99">99</a></p> + +<p>corneipes (Psil.), <a href="#Page_225">225</a></p> + +<p>cornucopoides (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_100">100</a></p> + +<p>Cornui (Omp.), <a href="#Page_96">96</a></p> + +<p>coronatum (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_215">215</a></p> + +<p>coronilla (Stro.), <a href="#Page_209">209</a></p> + +<p>corrosus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_181">181</a></p> + +<p>corrugis (Psath.), <a href="#Page_221">221</a></p> + +<p>corruscans (Cort.), <a href="#Page_182">182</a></p> + +<p>corticatus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_98">98</a></p> + +<p>corticola (Myc.), <a href="#Page_46">46</a></p> + +<p><b>Cortinarius</b>, <a href="#Page_177">177</a></p> + +<p>cortinata (Flam.), <a href="#Page_174">174</a></p> + +<p>cortinata (Ino.), <a href="#Page_155">155</a></p> + +<p>cortiseda (Omp.), <a href="#Page_94">94</a></p> + +<p>corydalina (Ino.), <a href="#Page_149">149</a></p> + +<p>coryphaeum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_17">17</a></p> + +<p>cossus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_71">71</a></p> + +<p>costatula (Omp.), <a href="#Page_92">92</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_254" id="Page_254">[Pg 254]</a></span></p><p>costatum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_127">127</a></p> + +<p>cothurnata (Stro.), <a href="#Page_212">212</a></p> + +<p>cothurnatus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_237">237</a></p> + +<p>cotonea (Stro.), <a href="#Page_211">211</a></p> + +<p>cotoneus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_190">190</a></p> + +<p>crampylus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_68">68</a></p> + +<p>craspedius (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_99">99</a></p> + +<p>crassifolium (Trich.), <a href="#Page_22">22</a></p> + +<p>crassus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_178">178</a></p> + +<p>crassus (Pax.), <a href="#Page_140">140</a></p> + +<p>craterellus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_105">105</a></p> + +<p>craticus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_187">187</a></p> + +<p>cremor (Lac.), <a href="#Page_65">65</a></p> + +<p>crenata (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_220">220</a></p> + +<p>crenulata (Myc.), <a href="#Page_37">37</a></p> + +<p><b>Crepidotus</b>, <a href="#Page_201">201</a></p> + +<p>cretaceus (Agar.), <a href="#Page_205">205</a></p> + +<p>cretatus (Clitop.), <a href="#Page_135">135</a></p> + +<p>crispa (Trog.), <a href="#Page_117">117</a></p> + +<p>crispula (Omp.), <a href="#Page_97">97</a></p> + +<p>cristata (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_10">10</a></p> + +<p>cristallinus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_182">182</a></p> + +<p>crobula (Tub.), <a href="#Page_172">172</a></p> + +<p>crocata (Myc.), <a href="#Page_45">45</a></p> + +<p>croceocoeruleus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_182">182</a></p> + +<p>croceoconus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_190">190</a></p> + +<p>croceofulvis (Cort.), <a href="#Page_193">193</a></p> + +<p>crocolitus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_177">177</a></p> + +<p>cruenta (Myc.), <a href="#Page_45">45</a></p> + +<p>cruentata (Nol.), <a href="#Page_130">130</a></p> + +<p>cruentata (Phol.), <a href="#Page_145">145</a></p> + +<p>crucibulum (Can.), <a href="#Page_109">109</a></p> + +<p>crustuliniforme (Heb.), <a href="#Page_159">159</a></p> + +<p>cryptarum (Cli.), <a href="#Page_84">84</a></p> + +<p>cryptarum (Nyc.), <a href="#Page_110">110</a></p> + +<p>cucullata (Ino.), <a href="#Page_150">150</a></p> + +<p>cucumis (Nau.), <a href="#Page_162">162</a></p> + +<p>cudon (Ent.), <a href="#Page_125">125</a></p> + +<p>cumatilis (Cort.), <a href="#Page_182">182</a></p> + +<p>cuneata (Nol.), <a href="#Page_129">129</a></p> + +<p>cuneifolia (Omp.), <a href="#Page_94">94</a></p> + +<p>cuneifolium (Trich.), <a href="#Page_22">22</a></p> + +<p><i>cupreus</i> (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_241">241</a></p> + +<p>cupularis (Arrh.), <a href="#Page_110">110</a></p> + +<p>cupularis (Tub.), <a href="#Page_171">171</a></p> + +<p>cupulatus (Can.), <a href="#Page_108">108</a></p> + +<p>cupulatus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_234">234</a></p> + +<p>Curreyi (Ino.), <a href="#Page_152">152</a></p> + +<p>Curreyi (Mar.), <a href="#Page_61">61</a></p> + +<p>curtipes (Cli.), <a href="#Page_80">80</a></p> + +<p>curtus (Plut.), <a href="#Page_121">121</a></p> + +<p>curvipes (Ino.), <a href="#Page_156">156</a></p> + +<p>curvipoda (Phol.), <a href="#Page_145">145</a></p> + +<p>cuspidata (Omp.), <a href="#Page_97">97</a></p> + +<p>cutefracta (Rus.), <a href="#Page_33">33</a></p> + +<p>cyanites (Cort.), <a href="#Page_186">186</a></p> + +<p>cyanophaea (Cli.), <a href="#Page_81">81</a></p> + +<p>cyanophylla (Omp.), <a href="#Page_96">96</a></p> + +<p>cyanopus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_178">178</a></p> + +<p>cyanopus (Plut.), <a href="#Page_123">123</a></p> + +<p>cyanorhiza (Myc.), <a href="#Page_46">46</a></p> + +<p>cyanoxantha (Rus.), <a href="#Page_34">34</a></p> + +<p>cyathicula (Lac.), <a href="#Page_69">69</a></p> + +<p>cyathiformis (Cli.), <a href="#Page_88">88</a></p> + +<p>cyathiformis (Panus), <a href="#Page_114">114</a></p> + +<p>cyclodes (Copr.), <a href="#Page_229">229</a></p> + +<p>cygnea (Amtop.), <a href="#Page_7">7</a></p> + +<p>cylindracea (Phol.), <a href="#Page_142">142</a></p> + +<p>cylindricus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_231">231</a></p> + +<p>cyphellaeformis (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_104">104</a></p> + +<p>cypriacus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_198">198</a></p> + +<p>Czarnii (Trich.), <a href="#Page_242">242</a></p> + + +<p>daemonica (Col.), <a href="#Page_54">54</a></p> + +<p>damascenus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_197">197</a></p> + +<p>dealbata (Cli.), <a href="#Page_83">83</a></p> + +<p>debilipes (Ino.), <a href="#Page_155">155</a></p> + +<p>debilis (Myc.), <a href="#Page_44">44</a></p> + +<p>decastes (Cli.), <a href="#Page_83">83</a></p> + +<p>decipiens (Cort.), <a href="#Page_200">200</a></p> + +<p>decipiens (Flam.), <a href="#Page_173">173</a></p> + +<p>decipiens (Ino.), <a href="#Page_155">155</a></p> + +<p>decipiens (Lac.), <a href="#Page_67">67</a></p> + +<p>declinis (Col.), <a href="#Page_50">50</a></p> + +<p>decolorans (Cort.), <a href="#Page_182">182</a></p> + +<p>decolorans (Rus.), <a href="#Page_30">30</a></p> + +<p>decoloratus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_182">182</a></p> + +<p>decorus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_98">98</a></p> + +<p>decumbens (Cort.), <a href="#Page_188">188</a></p> + +<p>decussata (Flam.), <a href="#Page_174">174</a></p> + +<p>deflectens (Heb.), <a href="#Page_159">159</a></p> + +<p>deflexa (Omp.), <a href="#Page_96">96</a></p> + +<p>degener (Lent.), <a href="#Page_111">111</a></p> + +<p>degener (Xer.), <a href="#Page_116">116</a></p> + +<p>deglubens (Ino.), <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p> + +<p>dehiscens (Arm.), <a href="#Page_15">15</a></p> + +<p>Delastri (Panus), <a href="#Page_115">115</a></p> + +<p>delecta (Ino.), <a href="#Page_154">154</a></p> + +<p>delibutus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_184">184</a></p> + +<p>delica (Rus.), <a href="#Page_32">32</a></p> + +<p>delicata (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_14">14</a></p> + +<p>deliciosus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_63">63</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_255" id="Page_255">[Pg 255]</a></span></p><p>deliquescens (Copr.), <a href="#Page_239">239</a></p> + +<p>demisannulata (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_14">14</a></p> + +<p>demissa (Omp.), <a href="#Page_94">94</a></p> + +<p>denigrata (Arm.), <a href="#Page_16">16</a></p> + +<p>densifolia (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_8">8</a></p> + +<p>densifolia (Rus.), <a href="#Page_32">32</a></p> + +<p>denudata (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_13">13</a></p> + +<p>depallens (Rus.), <a href="#Page_34">34</a></p> + +<p>depexus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_191">191</a></p> + +<p>depilata (Stro.), <a href="#Page_208">208</a></p> + +<p>depluens (Claud.), <a href="#Page_137">137</a></p> + +<p>depressus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_201">201</a></p> + +<p>descissa (Ino.), <a href="#Page_154">154</a></p> + +<p>destricta (Ino.), <a href="#Page_153">153</a></p> + +<p>destruens (Phol.), <a href="#Page_143">143</a></p> + +<p>detonsus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_200">200</a></p> + +<p>detrusa (Omp.), <a href="#Page_91">91</a></p> + +<p>diabolicus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_188">188</a></p> + +<p>diaphanus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_239">239</a></p> + +<p>diatreta (Cli.), <a href="#Page_90">90</a></p> + +<p>dibaphus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_180">180</a></p> + +<p>dichroa (Psil.), <a href="#Page_225">225</a></p> + +<p>dichroum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_126">126</a></p> + +<p>dictyorhizus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_103">103</a></p> + +<p>dictyotus (Pluteo.), <a href="#Page_147">147</a></p> + +<p>difformis (Cli.), <a href="#Page_90">90</a></p> + +<p>diffractum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_161">161</a></p> + +<p>digitalis (Copr.), <a href="#Page_239">239</a></p> + +<p>dilatata (Myc.), <a href="#Page_46">46</a></p> + +<p>dilectus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_229">229</a></p> + +<p>dilutus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_197">197</a></p> + +<p>directa (Omp.), <a href="#Page_97">97</a></p> + +<p>discoideus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_72">72</a></p> + +<p>discopoda (Myc.), <a href="#Page_46">46</a></p> + +<p>disjungendus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_194">194</a></p> + +<p>dispar (Mar.), <a href="#Page_58">58</a></p> + +<p>dispersum (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_213">213</a></p> + +<p>disseminata (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_220">220</a></p> + +<p>dissiliens (Myc.), <a href="#Page_41">41</a></p> + +<p>dissimulans (Phol.), <a href="#Page_145">145</a></p> + +<p>dissultans (Trich.), <a href="#Page_22">22</a></p> + +<p>distans (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_76">76</a></p> + +<p>distorta (Col.), <a href="#Page_49">49</a></p> + +<p>ditopa (Cli.), <a href="#Page_89">89</a></p> + +<p>divergens (Copr.), <a href="#Page_236">236</a></p> + +<p>djakovensis (Phol.), <a href="#Page_144">144</a></p> + +<p>dolabratus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_199">199</a></p> + +<p>domesticus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_233">233</a></p> + +<p>domesticus (Lent.), <a href="#Page_111">111</a></p> + +<p>Dorotheae (Col.), <a href="#Page_56">56</a></p> + +<p>dothiophora (Cli.), <a href="#Page_81">81</a></p> + +<p>drimeia (Rus.), <a href="#Page_35">35</a></p> + +<p>dryinus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_98">98</a></p> + +<p>dryophila (Col.), <a href="#Page_53">53</a></p> + +<p>dulcamara (Ino.), <a href="#Page_149">149</a></p> + +<p>dulcidulus (Agar.), <a href="#Page_207">207</a></p> + +<p>dumosa (Omp.), <a href="#Page_91">91</a></p> + +<p>Dunalii (Lent.), <a href="#Page_111">111</a></p> + +<p>dura (Phol.), <a href="#Page_142">142</a></p> + +<p>duracinum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_26">26</a></p> + +<p>duracinus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_197">197</a></p> + + +<p>eburneus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_240">240</a></p> + +<p>eburneus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_71">71</a></p> + +<p><b>Eccilia</b>, <a href="#Page_136">136</a></p> + +<p>echinata (Ino.), <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p> + +<p>echinella (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_9">9</a></p> + +<p>echinipes (Myc.), <a href="#Page_46">46</a></p> + +<p>echinocephala (Aman.), <a href="#Page_6">6</a></p> + +<p>echinospora (Nau.), <a href="#Page_168">168</a></p> + +<p>ectypa (Cli.), <a href="#Page_90">90</a></p> + +<p>effocatella (Cli.), <a href="#Page_84">84</a></p> + +<p>effugiens (Nau.), <a href="#Page_168">168</a></p> + +<p><i>effugiens</i> (Nauc.), <a href="#Page_202">202</a></p> + +<p>egenulum (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_216">216</a></p> + +<p>egregius (Paneo.), <a href="#Page_217">217</a></p> + +<p>elaeodes (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_213">213</a></p> + +<p>elaphinum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_127">127</a></p> + +<p>elata (Psath.), <a href="#Page_221">221</a></p> + +<p>elatellum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_159">159</a></p> + +<p>elatior (Cort.), <a href="#Page_183">183</a></p> + +<p>elatum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_160">160</a></p> + +<p>elegans (Myc.), <a href="#Page_37">37</a></p> + +<p>elegans (Rus.), <a href="#Page_30">30</a></p> + +<p>elegantior (Cort.), <a href="#Page_181">181</a></p> + +<p>elephantina (Rus.), <a href="#Page_34">34</a></p> + +<p>elevata (Col.), <a href="#Page_47">47</a></p> + +<p>Eliae (Aman.), <a href="#Page_4">4</a></p> + +<p>elixa (Cli.), <a href="#Page_84">84</a></p> + +<p>elotus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_243">243</a></p> + +<p>elvensis (Agar.), <a href="#Page_204">204</a></p> + +<p>elytroides (Trich.), <a href="#Page_22">22</a></p> + +<p>embola (Tub.), <a href="#Page_172">172</a></p> + +<p>emetica (Rus.), <a href="#Page_36">36</a></p> + +<p>emollitius (Cort.), <a href="#Page_182">182</a></p> + +<p>emplastra (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_9">9</a></p> + +<p>empyreumatica (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_200">200</a></p> + +<p>emunctus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_184">184</a></p> + +<p>enchymosa (Nau.), <a href="#Page_163">163</a></p> + +<p><b>Entoloma</b>, <a href="#Page_124">124</a></p> + +<p>ephebius (Plut.), <a href="#Page_121">121</a></p> + +<p>ephemeroides (Copr.), <a href="#Page_230">230</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_256" id="Page_256">[Pg 256]</a></span></p><p>ephemerus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_237">237</a></p> + +<p>epibryus (Crep.), <a href="#Page_202">202</a></p> + +<p>epichloe (Mar.), <a href="#Page_61">61</a></p> + +<p>epichysia (Omp.), <a href="#Page_93">93</a></p> + +<p>epigaeus (Crep.), <a href="#Page_203">203</a></p> + +<p>epiphloea (Myc.), <a href="#Page_44">44</a></p> + +<p>epiphyllus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_62">62</a></p> + +<p>epipoleus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_184">184</a></p> + +<p>epipphia (Col.), <a href="#Page_49">49</a></p> + +<p>epipterygia (Myc.), <a href="#Page_45">45</a></p> + +<p>epixanthum (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_213">213</a></p> + +<p>epodius (Mar.), <a href="#Page_60">60</a></p> + +<p>equestre (Trich.), <a href="#Page_17">17</a></p> + +<p>equinus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_229">229</a></p> + +<p>erebia (Phol.), <a href="#Page_141">141</a></p> + +<p>ericaea (Psil.), <a href="#Page_225">225</a></p> + +<p>ericetorum (Cli.), <a href="#Page_87">87</a></p> + +<p>erinacea (Nau.), <a href="#Page_167">167</a></p> + +<p>erminea (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_10">10</a></p> + +<p>erophilum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_124">124</a></p> + +<p>erosa (Col.), <a href="#Page_56">56</a></p> + +<p>erubescens (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_71">71</a></p> + +<p>erugatus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_197">197</a></p> + +<p>eryngii (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_100">100</a></p> + +<p>erythrinus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_200">200</a></p> + +<p>erythrocephalus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_239">239</a></p> + +<p>erythropus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_58">58</a></p> + +<p>escharoides (Nau.), <a href="#Page_167">167</a></p> + +<p>esculenta (Col.), <a href="#Page_52">52</a></p> + +<p>euchlora (Lep.), <a href="#Page_133">133</a></p> + +<p>euchroa (Lep.), <a href="#Page_132">132</a></p> + +<p>eustygia (Col.), <a href="#Page_52">52</a></p> + +<p>eutheles (Ino.), <a href="#Page_153">153</a></p> + +<p>evanidus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_237">237</a></p> + +<p>evernius (Cort.), <a href="#Page_192">192</a></p> + +<p>excelsa (Aman.), <a href="#Page_5">5</a></p> + +<p>excentricum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_125">125</a></p> + +<p>excisa (Myc.), <a href="#Page_40">40</a></p> + +<p><i>excisa</i> (Myc.), <a href="#Page_41">41</a></p> + +<p>excoriata (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_8">8</a></p> + +<p>exiguus (Plut.), <a href="#Page_122">122</a></p> + +<p>exilis (Nol.), <a href="#Page_131">131</a></p> + +<p>expallens (Cli.), <a href="#Page_88">88</a></p> + +<p>expolita (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_220">220</a></p> + +<p>exsculpta (Col.), <a href="#Page_53">53</a></p> + +<p>exscissum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_28">28</a></p> + +<p>exstinctorius (Copr.), <a href="#Page_233">233</a></p> + +<p>extenuatus (Pax.), <a href="#Page_139">139</a></p> + +<p>extuberans (Col.), <a href="#Page_53">53</a></p> + +<p>Eyrei (Chlor.), <a href="#Page_118">118</a></p> + + +<p>fagicola (Psath.), <a href="#Page_222">222</a></p> + +<p>Falkii (Psath.), <a href="#Page_222">222</a></p> + +<p>fallaciosum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_241">241</a></p> + +<p>fallax (Cort.), <a href="#Page_195">195</a></p> + +<p>fallax (Trich.), <a href="#Page_27">27</a></p> + +<p>farinaceus (Panus), <a href="#Page_115">115</a></p> + +<p>farneus (Panus), <a href="#Page_114">114</a></p> + +<p>farrea (Myc.), <a href="#Page_39">39</a></p> + +<p>fasciata (Ino.), <a href="#Page_150">150</a></p> + +<p>fasciatus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_201">201</a></p> + +<p>fasciculare (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_213">213</a></p> + +<p>fascicularis (Can.), <a href="#Page_108">108</a></p> + +<p>fascinans (Lac.), <a href="#Page_69">69</a></p> + +<p>fastibile (Heb.), <a href="#Page_157">157</a></p> + +<p>fastigiata (Ino.), <a href="#Page_152">152</a></p> + +<p>fatuus (Psath.), <a href="#Page_223">223</a></p> + +<p>faventina (Lenz.), <a href="#Page_117">117</a></p> + +<p>faveolaris (Mar.), <a href="#Page_61">61</a></p> + +<p>favillarum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_29">29</a></p> + +<p>felina (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_10">10</a></p> + +<p>felinum (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_216">216</a></p> + +<p>fellea (Rus.), <a href="#Page_34">34</a></p> + +<p>Fenzlii (Ann.), <a href="#Page_120">120</a></p> + +<p>ferrugineo-lateritia (Psil.), <a href="#Page_226">226</a></p> + +<p>fertile (Ent.), <a href="#Page_125">125</a></p> + +<p>festiva (Nau.), <a href="#Page_162">162</a></p> + +<p>fibrillosa (Psath.), <a href="#Page_223">223</a></p> + +<p>fibrosa (Ino.), <a href="#Page_152">152</a></p> + +<p>fibula (Omp.), <a href="#Page_96">96</a></p> + +<p>filia (Flam.), <a href="#Page_174">174</a></p> + +<p>filicea (Flam.), <a href="#Page_176">176</a></p> + +<p>filiformis (Copr.), <a href="#Page_235">235</a></p> + +<p>filopes (Myc.), <a href="#Page_43">43</a></p> + +<p>fimbriatus (Lent.), <a href="#Page_113">113</a></p> + +<p>fimbriatus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_99">99</a></p> + +<p>fimetarius (Copr.), <a href="#Page_235">235</a></p> + +<p>fimicola (Arrh.), <a href="#Page_110">110</a></p> + +<p>fimicola (Myc.), <a href="#Page_38">38</a></p> + +<p>fimicola (Paneo.), <a href="#Page_218">218</a></p> + +<p>fimiputris (Anel.), <a href="#Page_212">212</a></p> + +<p>fingibilis (Rus.), <a href="#Page_32">32</a></p> + +<p>firmum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_158">158</a></p> + +<p>firmus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_196">196</a></p> + +<p>flabelliformis (Lent.), <a href="#Page_113">113</a></p> + +<p>flabellum (Panus), <a href="#Page_115">115</a></p> + +<p>flabellus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_195">195</a></p> + +<p>flacca (Nau.), <a href="#Page_163">163</a></p> + +<p>flaccida (Cli.), <a href="#Page_86">86</a></p> + +<p>flaccida (Lenz.), <a href="#Page_116">116</a></p> + +<p>flammans (Phol.), <a href="#Page_144">144</a></p> + +<p>flammeolus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_63">63</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_257" id="Page_257">[Pg 257]</a></span></p><p><b>Flammula</b>, <a href="#Page_172">172</a></p> + +<p>flavella (Ino.), <a href="#Page_156">156</a></p> + +<p>flavescens (Agar.), <a href="#Page_205">205</a></p> + +<p>flavescens (Agar.), <a href="#Page_206">206</a></p> + +<p>flavescens (Agar.), <a href="#Page_223">223</a></p> + +<p>flavida (Flam.), <a href="#Page_174">174</a></p> + +<p>flavidus (Bolb.), <a href="#Page_147">147</a></p> + +<p>flavidus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_63">63</a></p> + +<p>flavipes (Myc.), <a href="#Page_38">38</a></p> + +<p>flavoalba (Myc.), <a href="#Page_39">39</a></p> + +<p>flavobrunneum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_18">18</a></p> + +<p>flavus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_76">76</a></p> + +<p>flexipes (Cort.), <a href="#Page_195">195</a></p> + +<p>flexipes (Gal.), <a href="#Page_169">169</a></p> + +<p>flexuosus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_68">68</a></p> + +<p>floccifera (Flam.), <a href="#Page_173">173</a></p> + +<p>floccipes (Col.), <a href="#Page_50">50</a></p> + +<p>flocculosa (Ino.), <a href="#Page_150">150</a></p> + +<p>flocculosus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_231">231</a></p> + +<p>floridula (Col.), <a href="#Page_54">54</a></p> + +<p>flosculus (Ecc.), <a href="#Page_137">137</a></p> + +<p>flosculus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_61">61</a></p> + +<p>fluens (Lac.), <a href="#Page_69">69</a></p> + +<p>fluxilis (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_104">104</a></p> + +<p>focalis (Arm.), <a href="#Page_14">14</a></p> + +<p>foeniculaceus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_57">57</a></p> + +<p>foenisecii (Psil.), <a href="#Page_227">227</a></p> + +<p>foetida (Rus.), <a href="#Page_35">35</a></p> + +<p>foetidissima (Col.), <a href="#Page_51">51</a></p> + +<p>foetidus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_59">59</a></p> + +<p>foetens (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_77">77</a></p> + +<p>foetens (Panus), <a href="#Page_115">115</a></p> + +<p>foetens (Rus.), <a href="#Page_35">35</a></p> + +<p>formosa (Lep.), <a href="#Page_133">133</a></p> + +<p>fornicatus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_76">76</a></p> + +<p>Forquignoni (Copr.), <a href="#Page_232">232</a></p> + +<p>Forquignoni (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_10">10</a></p> + +<p>Forquignoni (Lep.), <a href="#Page_131">131</a></p> + +<p>fracida (Arm.), <a href="#Page_17">17</a></p> + +<p>fragilis (Bolb.), <a href="#Page_147">147</a></p> + +<p>fragilis (Rus.), <a href="#Page_36">36</a></p> + +<p>fragrans (Cli.), <a href="#Page_90">90</a></p> + +<p>friabilis (Amtop.), <a href="#Page_6">6</a></p> + +<p>friabilis (Lent.), <a href="#Page_112">112</a></p> + +<p>Friesii (Can.), <a href="#Page_106">106</a></p> + +<p>Friesii (Copr.), <a href="#Page_234">234</a></p> + +<p>Friesii (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_72">72</a></p> + +<p>Friesii (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_9">9</a></p> + +<p>fritilliformis (Cli.), <a href="#Page_88">88</a></p> + +<p>frumentaceum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_19">19</a></p> + +<p>frustulenta (Psath.), <a href="#Page_223">223</a></p> + +<p>frustulosum (Copr.), <a href="#Page_236">236</a></p> + +<p>fucatophyllus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_190">190</a></p> + +<p>fucatum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_17">17</a></p> + +<p>fulgens (Cort.), <a href="#Page_181">181</a></p> + +<p>fuliginaria (Col.), <a href="#Page_55">55</a></p> + +<p>fuliginarium (Ent.), <a href="#Page_124">124</a></p> + +<p>fuliginosus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_63">63</a></p> + +<p>fulmineus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_181">181</a></p> + +<p>fulvella (Ino.), <a href="#Page_156">156</a></p> + +<p>fulvellum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_18">18</a></p> + +<p>fulvescens (Cort.), <a href="#Page_199">199</a></p> + +<p>fulvidus (Panus), <a href="#Page_114">114</a></p> + +<p>fulvostrigosa (Nol.), <a href="#Page_129">129</a></p> + +<p>fumosa (Cli.), <a href="#Page_84">84</a></p> + +<p>fumosella (Nol.), <a href="#Page_129">129</a></p> + +<p>funicularis (Col.), <a href="#Page_49">49</a></p> + +<p>furcata (Rus.), <a href="#Page_33">33</a></p> + +<p>furfuracea (Tub.), <a href="#Page_171">171</a></p> + +<p>furnacea (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_11">11</a></p> + +<p>furvellus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_104">104</a></p> + +<p>furvum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_20">20</a></p> + +<p>fusca (Phol.), <a href="#Page_144">144</a></p> + +<p>fuscescens (Copr.), <a href="#Page_231">231</a></p> + +<p>fuscoalbus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_73">73</a></p> + +<p>fuscomarginata (Myc.), <a href="#Page_38">38</a></p> + +<p>fuscopurpureus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_57">57</a></p> + +<p>fuscus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_63">63</a></p> + +<p>fusipes (Col.), <a href="#Page_48">48</a></p> + +<p>fusipes (Heb.), <a href="#Page_158">158</a></p> + +<p>fusoidea (Stro.), <a href="#Page_209">209</a></p> + +<p>fusus (Flam.), <a href="#Page_174">174</a></p> + + +<p>gadinoides (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_102">102</a></p> + +<p>Gaillardii (Ino.), <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p> + +<p><b>Galera</b>, <a href="#Page_168">168</a></p> + +<p>galericulata (Myc.), <a href="#Page_40">40</a></p> + +<p>galeropsis (Myc.), <a href="#Page_39">39</a></p> + +<p>gallicus (Lent.), <a href="#Page_111">111</a></p> + +<p>gallinacea (Cli.), <a href="#Page_83">83</a></p> + +<p>galopoda (Myc.), <a href="#Page_45">45</a></p> + +<p>gambosum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_24">24</a></p> + +<p>garidelli (Cli.), <a href="#Page_87">87</a></p> + +<p>gangraenosa (Cli.), <a href="#Page_80">80</a></p> + +<p>gausapatum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_20">20</a></p> + +<p>Gauteraudii (Trich.), <a href="#Page_242">242</a></p> + +<p>gelidus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_58">58</a></p> + +<p>geminum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_22">22</a></p> + +<p>gemmata (Amtop.), <a href="#Page_7">7</a></p> + +<p>Gemmellari (Pleur.), <a href="#Page_101">101</a></p> + +<p>geniculatus (Agar.), <a href="#Page_207">207</a></p> + +<p>geoginus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_102">102</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_258" id="Page_258">[Pg 258]</a></span></p><p>geophylla (Ino.), <a href="#Page_155">155</a></p> + +<p>Georgii (Trich.), <a href="#Page_24">24</a></p> + +<p>Georginae (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_14">14</a></p> + +<p>geotropa (Cli.), <a href="#Page_86">86</a></p> + +<p>germanus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_200">200</a></p> + +<p>gentilis (Cort.), <a href="#Page_193">193</a></p> + +<p>gibba (Omp.), <a href="#Page_97">97</a></p> + +<p>gibberosa (Phol.), <a href="#Page_142">142</a></p> + +<p>Gibbsii (Copr.), <a href="#Page_238">238</a></p> + +<p>gigantea (Cli.), <a href="#Page_85">85</a></p> + +<p>Gilletii (Copr.), <a href="#Page_238">238</a></p> + +<p>Gilletii (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_214">214</a></p> + +<p>Gilletii (Psil.), <a href="#Page_227">227</a></p> + +<p>Gillotii (Lep.), <a href="#Page_134">134</a></p> + +<p>gilva (Cli.), <a href="#Page_86">86</a></p> + +<p>Giovanellae (Omp.), <a href="#Page_92">92</a></p> + +<p>glacialis (Col.), <a href="#Page_55">55</a></p> + +<p>glandicolor (Cort.), <a href="#Page_194">194</a></p> + +<p>glandiformis (Nau.), <a href="#Page_164">164</a></p> + +<p>glareosa (Psath.), <a href="#Page_221">221</a></p> + +<p>glaucescens (Lac.), <a href="#Page_64">64</a></p> + +<p>glaucocanum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_26">26</a></p> + +<p>glauconitens (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_79">79</a></p> + +<p>glaucophylla (Omp.), <a href="#Page_93">93</a></p> + +<p>glaucopus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_180">180</a></p> + +<p>glaucus (Can.), <a href="#Page_109">109</a></p> + +<p>glaucus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_75">75</a></p> + +<p>glioderma (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_14">14</a></p> + +<p>gliocyclus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_71">71</a></p> + +<p>globularis (Col.), <a href="#Page_49">49</a></p> + +<p>globularis (Mar.), <a href="#Page_57">57</a></p> + +<p>gloiocephala (Vol.), <a href="#Page_120">120</a></p> + +<p>glutinifer (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_72">72</a></p> + +<p>glutinosum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_158">158</a></p> + +<p>glutinosus (Gomp.), <a href="#Page_212">212</a></p> + +<p>glyciosmus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_69">69</a></p> + +<p>Godeyi (Amtop.), <a href="#Page_6">6</a></p> + +<p>Godeyi (Copr.), <a href="#Page_239">239</a></p> + +<p>Godeyi (Ino.), <a href="#Page_152">152</a></p> + +<p>Godeyi (Plut.), <a href="#Page_123">123</a></p> + +<p><b>Gomphidius</b>, <a href="#Page_212">212</a></p> + +<p>gomphodes (Paneo.), <a href="#Page_218">218</a></p> + +<p>goniosperma (Trich.), <a href="#Page_19">19</a></p> + +<p>gonophyllus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_233">233</a></p> + +<p>Gordoni (Psath.), <a href="#Page_223">223</a></p> + +<p>Gorteri (Lep.), <a href="#Page_132">132</a></p> + +<p>gossypina (Psath.), <a href="#Page_224">224</a></p> + +<p>gracilenta (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_8">8</a></p> + +<p>gracilipes (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_219">219</a></p> + +<p>gracilis (Gomp.), <a href="#Page_213">213</a></p> + +<p>gracilis (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_218">218</a></p> + +<p>gracillima (Omp.), <a href="#Page_97">97</a></p> + +<p>grallipes (Cort.), <a href="#Page_183">183</a></p> + +<p>graminicola (Nau.), <a href="#Page_168">168</a></p> + +<p>graminum (Mar.), <a href="#Page_60">60</a></p> + +<p>grammata (Ino.), <a href="#Page_154">154</a></p> + +<p>grammopodium (Trich.), <a href="#Page_28">28</a></p> + +<p>grandiusculus (Bolb.), <a href="#Page_147">147</a></p> + +<p>granulatus (Panus), <a href="#Page_114">114</a></p> + +<p>granulatus (Plut.), <a href="#Page_121">121</a></p> + +<p>granulosa (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_12">12</a></p> + +<p>granulosa (Rus.), <a href="#Page_35">35</a></p> + +<p>grata (Ino.), <a href="#Page_154">154</a></p> + +<p>graveolens (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_219">219</a></p> + +<p>graveolens (Trich.), <a href="#Page_24">24</a></p> + +<p>gregaria (Phol.), <a href="#Page_146">146</a></p> + +<p>grisea (Omp.), <a href="#Page_96">96</a></p> + +<p>grisea (Rus.), <a href="#Page_31">31</a></p> + +<p>grisea (Vol.), <a href="#Page_119">119</a></p> + +<p>grisella (Omp.), <a href="#Page_94">94</a></p> + +<p>griseobadia (Psath.), <a href="#Page_221">221</a></p> + +<p>griseocyaneum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_126">126</a></p> + +<p>griseofusca (Arm.), <a href="#Page_16">16</a></p> + +<p>griseolilacina (Omp.), <a href="#Page_95">95</a></p> + +<p>griseopallida (Omp.), <a href="#Page_95">95</a></p> + +<p>griseorubella (Ecc.), <a href="#Page_136">136</a></p> + +<p>griseotomentosus (Pax.), <a href="#Page_140">140</a></p> + +<p>grumata (Cli.), <a href="#Page_91">91</a></p> + +<p>gummosa (Flam.), <a href="#Page_174">174</a></p> + +<p>Gussonei (Col.), <a href="#Page_53">53</a></p> + +<p>guttatum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_19">19</a></p> + +<p>guttulatus (Paneo.), <a href="#Page_218">218</a></p> + +<p>gymnopodia (Flam.), <a href="#Page_172">172</a></p> + +<p>gypsea (Myc.), <a href="#Page_39">39</a></p> + +<p>gyrans (Cli.), <a href="#Page_90">90</a></p> + +<p>gyroflexa (Psath.), <a href="#Page_222">222</a></p> + + +<p>haemacta (Ino.), <a href="#Page_149">149</a></p> + +<p>haematites (Arm.), <a href="#Page_16">16</a></p> + +<p>haematochelis (Cort.), <a href="#Page_193">193</a></p> + +<p>haematospermus (Agar.), <a href="#Page_207">207</a></p> + +<p>haematopoda (Myc.), <a href="#Page_45">45</a></p> + +<p>haemorrhoidarius (Agar.), <a href="#Page_206">206</a></p> + +<p>hamadryas (Nau.), <a href="#Page_162">162</a></p> + +<p>hariolorum (Col.), <a href="#Page_50">50</a></p> + +<p>harmoge (Flam.), <a href="#Page_175">175</a></p> + +<p>haustellaris (Crep.), <a href="#Page_202">202</a></p> + +<p><b>Hebeloma</b>, <a href="#Page_157">157</a></p> + +<p>hebepodia (Cli.), <a href="#Page_84">84</a></p> + +<p>hebes (Psil.), <a href="#Page_227">227</a></p> + +<p>heliophila (Nau.), <a href="#Page_166">166</a></p> + +<p>helobia (Psath.), <a href="#Page_223">223</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_259" id="Page_259">[Pg 259]</a></span></p><p>helodes (Ent.), <a href="#Page_124">124</a></p> + +<p>helomorpha (Flam.), <a href="#Page_176">176</a></p> + +<p>helvella (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_75">75</a></p> + +<p>helvelloides (Cort.), <a href="#Page_193">193</a></p> + +<p>helveola (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_9">9</a></p> + +<p>helvola (Psil.), <a href="#Page_224">224</a></p> + +<p>helvolus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_193">193</a></p> + +<p>helvus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_65">65</a></p> + +<p>hemerobius (Copr.), <a href="#Page_240">240</a></p> + +<p>hemitrichus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_196">196</a></p> + +<p>Hendersonii (Copr.), <a href="#Page_230">230</a></p> + +<p>Henningsii (Flam.), <a href="#Page_174">174</a></p> + +<p>hepatica (Omp.), <a href="#Page_94">94</a></p> + +<p>herpeticus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_181">181</a></p> + +<p>hesperidium (Nol.), <a href="#Page_130">130</a></p> + +<p>heteroclita (Phol.), <a href="#Page_143">143</a></p> + +<p>heteromorpha (Lenz.), <a href="#Page_117">117</a></p> + +<p>heterophylla (Rus.), <a href="#Page_32">32</a></p> + +<p>hiascens (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_219">219</a></p> + +<p><b>Hiatula</b>, <a href="#Page_14">14</a></p> + +<p>hibala (Nau.), <a href="#Page_168">168</a></p> + +<p>hiemale (Heb.), <a href="#Page_159">159</a></p> + +<p>hiemalis (Myc.), <a href="#Page_47">47</a></p> + +<p>hilaris (Nau.), <a href="#Page_162">162</a></p> + +<p>hinnuleus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_193">193</a></p> + +<p>hircinus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_186">186</a></p> + +<p>hirneola (Cli.), <a href="#Page_80">80</a></p> + +<p>hirsuta (Omp.), <a href="#Page_95">95</a></p> + +<p>hirsuta (Ino.), <a href="#Page_148">148</a></p> + +<p>hirtella (Ino.), <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p> + +<p>hirtipes (Nol.), <a href="#Page_130">130</a></p> + +<p>hispida (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_9">9</a></p> + +<p>hispidosus (Lent.), <a href="#Page_113">113</a></p> + +<p>hispidulus (Plut.), <a href="#Page_121">121</a></p> + +<p>hiulca (Ino.), <a href="#Page_152">152</a></p> + +<p>Hobsoni (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_105">105</a></p> + +<p>Hoeftii (Cort.), <a href="#Page_197">197</a></p> + +<p>holophaeum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_124">124</a></p> + +<p>holosericea (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_11">11</a></p> + +<p>hometi (Lac.), <a href="#Page_70">70</a></p> + +<p>hordum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_22">22</a></p> + +<p>horizontalis (Nau.), <a href="#Page_163">163</a></p> + +<p>hornotinus (Lent.), <a href="#Page_111">111</a></p> + +<p>hortensis (Cli.), <a href="#Page_83">83</a></p> + +<p>hospitans (Trich.), <a href="#Page_29">29</a></p> + +<p>Houghtoni (Can.), <a href="#Page_108">108</a></p> + +<p><i>Houghtoni</i> (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_77">77</a></p> + +<p>Hudsoni (Mar.), <a href="#Page_61">61</a></p> + +<p>humicola (Phol.), <a href="#Page_144">144</a></p> + +<p>humile (Trich.), <a href="#Page_28">28</a></p> + +<p>humosa (Cli.), <a href="#Page_84">84</a></p> + +<p>hyacinthinus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_71">71</a></p> + +<p>hybrida (Flam.), <a href="#Page_175">175</a></p> + +<p>hydrionides (Clitop.), <a href="#Page_135">135</a></p> + +<p>hydrogramma (Omp.), <a href="#Page_91">91</a></p> + +<p>hydrophila (Nau.), <a href="#Page_164">164</a></p> + +<p>hydrophilum (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_216">216</a></p> + +<p>hydrophora (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_219">219</a></p> + +<p>hygrophanus (Can.), <a href="#Page_108">108</a></p> + +<p>hygrophanus (Lent.), <a href="#Page_113">113</a></p> + +<p><b>Hygrophorus</b>, <a href="#Page_70">70</a></p> + +<p>hyperborea (Amtop.), <a href="#Page_7">7</a></p> + +<p>hyperella (Nau.), <a href="#Page_163">163</a></p> + +<p><b>Hypholoma</b>, <a href="#Page_213">213</a></p> + +<p>hypnicola (Gal.), <a href="#Page_170">170</a></p> + +<p>hypnophilus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_105">105</a></p> + +<p>hypnorum (Can.), <a href="#Page_106">106</a></p> + +<p>hypnorum (Gal.), <a href="#Page_170">170</a></p> + +<p>hypomelas (Paneo.), <a href="#Page_218">218</a></p> + +<p>hypopithys (Vol.), <a href="#Page_119">119</a></p> + +<p>hyporrhodius (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_74">74</a></p> + +<p>hypothejus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_73">73</a></p> + +<p>hypsipoda (Stro.), <a href="#Page_212">212</a></p> + +<p>hypsophilus (Crep.), <a href="#Page_201">201</a></p> + +<p>hysginus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_66">66</a></p> + +<p>hystrix (Ino.), <a href="#Page_148">148</a></p> + + +<p>ianthina (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_13">13</a></p> + +<p>ianthina (Myc.), <a href="#Page_43">43</a></p> + +<p>ianthipes (Cort.), <a href="#Page_200">200</a></p> + +<p>ichoratus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_64">64</a></p> + +<p>icterina (Nol.), <a href="#Page_130">130</a></p> + +<p>ignicolor (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_9">9</a></p> + +<p>ignobilis (Col.), <a href="#Page_54">54</a></p> + +<p>iliopodius (Cort.), <a href="#Page_196">196</a></p> + +<p>illibatus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_184">184</a></p> + +<p>illinita (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_14">14</a></p> + +<p>illuminus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_197">197</a></p> + +<p>imbecilis (Ino.), <a href="#Page_157">157</a></p> + +<p>imbricatum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_20">20</a></p> + +<p>imbutus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_198">198</a></p> + +<p>immundum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_20">20</a></p> + +<p>impatiens (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_219">219</a></p> + +<p>impennis (Cort.), <a href="#Page_192">192</a></p> + +<p>imperialis (Arm.), <a href="#Page_16">16</a></p> + +<p>impolitum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_20">20</a></p> + +<p>impolitus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_67">67</a></p> + +<p>impudicus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_58">58</a></p> + +<p>inaequabilis (Claud.), <a href="#Page_137">137</a></p> + +<p>inamoenum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_23">23</a></p> + +<p>inamoenus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_236">236</a></p> + +<p>inaurata (Flam.), <a href="#Page_175">175</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_260" id="Page_260">[Pg 260]</a></span></p><p>incana (Lep.), <a href="#Page_133">133</a></p> + +<p>incarnata (Ino.), <a href="#Page_149">149</a></p> + +<p>incilis (Cli.), <a href="#Page_85">85</a></p> + +<p>incisus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_195">195</a></p> + +<p>inclinata (Myc.), <a href="#Page_41">41</a></p> + +<p>incomis (Omp.), <a href="#Page_96">96</a></p> + +<p>incompta (Cli.), <a href="#Page_90">90</a></p> + +<p>incomptum (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_214">214</a></p> + +<p>inconcinna (Ino.), <a href="#Page_156">156</a></p> + +<p>indutum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_126">126</a></p> + +<p>infida (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_220">220</a></p> + +<p>infractus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_179">179</a></p> + +<p>infucatus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_190">190</a></p> + +<p>infula (Nol.), <a href="#Page_130">130</a></p> + +<p>infumata (Omp.), <a href="#Page_94">94</a></p> + +<p>infundibiliformis (Cli.), <a href="#Page_85">85</a></p> + +<p>infundibuliformis (Can.), <a href="#Page_107">107</a></p> + +<p><i>infundibuliformis</i> (Cyph.), <a href="#Page_97">97</a></p> + +<p>ingrata (Col.), <a href="#Page_51">51</a></p> + +<p>inhonestus (Crep.), <a href="#Page_202">202</a></p> + +<p>injucundus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_194">194</a></p> + +<p>innocua (Nau.), <a href="#Page_163">163</a></p> + +<p>inoculata (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_14">14</a></p> + +<p><b>Inocybe</b>, <a href="#Page_148">148</a></p> + +<p>inodermeum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_20">20</a></p> + +<p>inodorus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_59">59</a></p> + +<p>inolens (Col.), <a href="#Page_55">55</a></p> + +<p>inopoda (Flam.), <a href="#Page_175">175</a></p> + +<p>inornata (Cli.), <a href="#Page_80">80</a></p> + +<p>inquilina (Tub.), <a href="#Page_172">172</a></p> + +<p>insidiosa (Amtop.), <a href="#Page_7">7</a></p> + +<p>insignis (Cli.), <a href="#Page_89">89</a></p> + +<p>insititius (Mar.), <a href="#Page_61">61</a></p> + +<p>instratum (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_213">213</a></p> + +<p>insulsus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_66">66</a></p> + +<p>integra (Rus.), <a href="#Page_29">29</a></p> + +<p>integrella (Omp.), <a href="#Page_97">97</a></p> + +<p>intentus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_183">183</a></p> + +<p>intermedia (Rus.), <a href="#Page_36">36</a></p> + +<p>intermedius (Copr.), <a href="#Page_236">236</a></p> + +<p><i>intermedius</i> (Copr.), <a href="#Page_238">238</a></p> + +<p>intermedius (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_78">78</a></p> + +<p>intermedius (Lac.), <a href="#Page_62">62</a></p> + +<p>interveniens (Trich.), <a href="#Page_23">23</a></p> + +<p>inuncta (Stro.), <a href="#Page_209">209</a></p> + +<p>inversa (Cli.), <a href="#Page_86">86</a></p> + +<p>inverseconicus (Panus), <a href="#Page_114">114</a></p> + +<p>invita (Omp.), <a href="#Page_96">96</a></p> + +<p><i>involucratus</i> (Agar.), <a href="#Page_204">204</a></p> + +<p>involuta (Heb.), <a href="#Page_160">160</a></p> + +<p>involutus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_66">66</a></p> + +<p>involutus (Pax.), <a href="#Page_140">140</a></p> + +<p>ionides (Trich.), <a href="#Page_23">23</a></p> + +<p>ionipterus (Clitop.), <a href="#Page_135">135</a></p> + +<p>ionipus (Pax.), <a href="#Page_140">140</a></p> + +<p>irinum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_26">26</a></p> + +<p>iris (Cort.), <a href="#Page_196">196</a></p> + +<p>iris (Myc.), <a href="#Page_43">43</a></p> + +<p>irregularis (Cort.), <a href="#Page_199">199</a></p> + +<p>irrigatus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_76">76</a></p> + +<p>irroratum (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_214">214</a></p> + +<p>isabellina (Cli.), <a href="#Page_90">90</a></p> + +<p>isabellinus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_198">198</a></p> + +<p>ischnostylum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_161">161</a></p> + + +<p>jasmineus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_243">243</a></p> + +<p>Jasonis (Arm.), <a href="#Page_17">17</a></p> + +<p>jecorinus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_68">68</a></p> + +<p>Jennyae (Nau.), <a href="#Page_162">162</a></p> + +<p>Jerdoni (Stro.), <a href="#Page_212">212</a></p> + +<p>jubarinus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_199">199</a></p> + +<p>jubatum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_126">126</a></p> + +<p>jugis (Lent.), <a href="#Page_112">112</a></p> + +<p>juglandinus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_99">99</a></p> + +<p>juncea (Nol.), <a href="#Page_129">129</a></p> + +<p>juncicola (Myc.), <a href="#Page_47">47</a></p> + +<p>juncina (Flam.), <a href="#Page_173">173</a></p> + +<p>Junghuhnii (Cort.), <a href="#Page_200">200</a></p> + +<p>junonia (Phol.), <a href="#Page_145">145</a></p> + +<p>junquillea (Aman.), <a href="#Page_3">3</a></p> + +<p><i>junquillea</i> (Crep.), <a href="#Page_201">201</a></p> + +<p>jurana (Col.), <a href="#Page_49">49</a></p> + +<p>jurana (Ino.), <a href="#Page_152">152</a></p> + +<p>juranum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_28">28</a></p> + +<p>juranus (Can.), <a href="#Page_109">109</a></p> + + +<p>Kalchbrenneri (Omp.), <a href="#Page_94">94</a></p> + +<p>Karstenii (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_75">75</a></p> + +<p>Kerneri (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_103">103</a></p> + +<p>Kervernii (Lep.), <a href="#Page_134">134</a></p> + +<p>Kirchneri (Mar.), <a href="#Page_59">59</a></p> + +<p>Klukii (Claud.), <a href="#Page_138">138</a></p> + +<p>Kolaensis (Phol.), <a href="#Page_145">145</a></p> + +<p>Kretschmarii (Nol.), <a href="#Page_131">131</a></p> + +<p>Krombholzii (Cort.), <a href="#Page_199">199</a></p> + + +<p>labyrinthica (Lenz.), <a href="#Page_117">117</a></p> + +<p>laccata (Cli.), <a href="#Page_91">91</a></p> + +<p>lacera (Ino.), <a href="#Page_150">150</a></p> + +<p>lacerata (Col.), <a href="#Page_55">55</a></p> + +<p>lacrymabundum (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_214">214</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_261" id="Page_261">[Pg 261]</a></span></p><p><b>Lactarius</b>, <a href="#Page_62">62</a></p> + +<p>lactea (Myc.), <a href="#Page_39">39</a></p> + +<p>lactea (Rus.), <a href="#Page_31">31</a></p> + +<p>Laestadii (Omp.), <a href="#Page_96">96</a></p> + +<p>laeta (Nau.), <a href="#Page_163">163</a></p> + +<p>laetus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_77">77</a></p> + +<p>laevigata (Myc.), <a href="#Page_41">41</a></p> + +<p>laevis (Ann.), <a href="#Page_120">120</a></p> + +<p>lagopoides (Copr.), <a href="#Page_234">234</a></p> + +<p>lagopus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_234">234</a></p> + +<p>lamellirugis (Pax.), <a href="#Page_140">140</a></p> + +<p>lampropoda (Lep.), <a href="#Page_132">132</a></p> + +<p>Lamyanus (Panus), <a href="#Page_114">114</a></p> + +<p>lanaripes (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_215">215</a></p> + +<p>lanatus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_238">238</a></p> + +<p>lancipes (Col.), <a href="#Page_48">48</a></p> + +<p>laniger (Cort.), <a href="#Page_191">191</a></p> + +<p>languidus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_59">59</a></p> + +<p>lanuginosa (Ino.), <a href="#Page_148">148</a></p> + +<p>lapponica (Nau.), <a href="#Page_167">167</a></p> + +<p>lappula (Lep.), <a href="#Page_131">131</a></p> + +<p>laqueata (Arm.), <a href="#Page_16">16</a></p> + +<p>Larchenfeldii (Paneo.), <a href="#Page_218">218</a></p> + +<p>largus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_178">178</a></p> + +<p>Laschii (Arm.), <a href="#Page_16">16</a></p> + +<p>lascivum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_23">23</a></p> + +<p>lasiosperma (Myc.), <a href="#Page_41">41</a></p> + +<p>lasiosperma (Myc.), <a href="#Page_44">44</a></p> + +<p>latebricola (Myc.), <a href="#Page_44">44</a></p> + +<p>lateritioroseus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_70">70</a></p> + +<p>lateripes (Lac.), <a href="#Page_70">70</a></p> + +<p>lateritia (Gal.), <a href="#Page_168">168</a></p> + +<p>latissima (Nau.), <a href="#Page_166">166</a></p> + +<p>latus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_242">242</a></p> + +<p>laureata (Psath.), <a href="#Page_224">224</a></p> + +<p>laurocerasi (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_103">103</a></p> + +<p>laxipes (Col.), <a href="#Page_50">50</a></p> + +<p>laxus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_235">235</a></p> + +<p>lazulina (Lep.), <a href="#Page_132">132</a></p> + +<p>Lebretonii (Cort.), <a href="#Page_189">189</a></p> + +<p>leccina (Amtop.), <a href="#Page_7">7</a></p> + +<p>lecensis (Agar.), <a href="#Page_207">207</a></p> + +<p>Leightoni (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_104">104</a></p> + +<p>leiocephala (Amtop.), <a href="#Page_7">7</a></p> + +<p>lenta (Flam.), <a href="#Page_173">173</a></p> + +<p>lenticularis (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_6">6</a></p> + +<p>lenticulosa (Cli.), <a href="#Page_85">85</a></p> + +<p>lentiginosa (Cli.), <a href="#Page_86">86</a></p> + +<p>lentiniformis (Col.), <a href="#Page_48">48</a></p> + +<p><b>Lentinus</b>, <a href="#Page_111">111</a></p> + +<p>lentulus (Clitop.), <a href="#Page_135">135</a></p> + +<p>lentum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_26">26</a></p> + +<p><b>Lenzites</b>, <a href="#Page_116">116</a></p> + +<p>leochroma (Phol.), <a href="#Page_142">142</a></p> + +<p>leoninus (Plut.), <a href="#Page_123">123</a></p> + +<p>leontopodius (Lent.), <a href="#Page_111">111</a></p> + +<p>lepida (Rus.), <a href="#Page_33">33</a></p> + +<p>lepideus (Lent.), <a href="#Page_111">111</a></p> + +<p>lepidopus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_189">189</a></p> + +<p>lepidotum (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_215">215</a></p> + +<p><b>Lepiota</b>, <a href="#Page_7">7</a></p> + +<p>lepiotoides (Aman.), <a href="#Page_3">3</a></p> + +<p>lepiphylla (Cli.), <a href="#Page_89">89</a></p> + +<p>lepista (Pax.), <a href="#Page_139">139</a></p> + +<p>leporinus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_47">47</a></p> + +<p>leptocephala (Myc.), <a href="#Page_42">42</a></p> + +<p><b>Leptonia</b>, <a href="#Page_131">131</a></p> + +<p>leptopus (Pax.), <a href="#Page_140">140</a></p> + +<p>Lerchenfeldii (Copr.), <a href="#Page_231">231</a></p> + +<p>leucocephala (Ino.), <a href="#Page_149">149</a></p> + +<p>leucocephalum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_26">26</a></p> + +<p>leucogala (Myc.), <a href="#Page_45">45</a></p> + +<p>leucomyosotis (Col.), <a href="#Page_52">52</a></p> + +<p>leucophaeus (Can.), <a href="#Page_107">107</a></p> + +<p>leucophaeus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_72">72</a></p> + +<p>leucophanes (Paneo.), <a href="#Page_217">217</a></p> + +<p>leucopheatum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_24">24</a></p> + +<p>leucophylla (Omp.), <a href="#Page_92">92</a></p> + +<p>leucopus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_200">200</a></p> + +<p>leucotephrum (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_216">216</a></p> + +<p>leucothites (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_11">11</a></p> + +<p>libertata (Psil.), <a href="#Page_226">226</a></p> + +<p>licinipes (Cort.), <a href="#Page_191">191</a></p> + +<p>licmophora (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_12">12</a></p> + +<p>ligatus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_70">70</a></p> + +<p>lignatilis (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_99">99</a></p> + +<p>lignicola (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_9">9</a></p> + +<p>lignicola (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_100">100</a></p> + +<p>ligniotus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_65">65</a></p> + +<p>lilacea (Col.), <a href="#Page_51">51</a></p> + +<p>lilacea (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_10">10</a></p> + +<p>lilacea (Rus.), <a href="#Page_30">30</a></p> + +<p>lilacina (Omp.), <a href="#Page_94">94</a></p> + +<p>lilacinus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_69">69</a></p> + +<p>limacinus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_73">73</a></p> + +<p>limbata (Nau.), <a href="#Page_167">167</a></p> + +<p>limonius (Cort.), <a href="#Page_193">193</a></p> + +<p>limosa (Nol.), <a href="#Page_128">128</a></p> + +<p>limosus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_61">61</a></p> + +<p>limpidoides (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_102">102</a></p> + +<p>limpidus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_102">102</a></p> + +<p>limulata (Flam.), <a href="#Page_176">176</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_262" id="Page_262">[Pg 262]</a></span></p><p>Lindgrenii (Cort.), <a href="#Page_195">195</a></p> + +<p>lineata (Myc.), <a href="#Page_39">39</a></p> + +<p>lingulatus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_100">100</a></p> + +<p>Linkii (Lep.), <a href="#Page_131">131</a></p> + +<p>Linnaei (Rus.), <a href="#Page_31">31</a></p> + +<p>lipophila (Psil.), <a href="#Page_225">225</a></p> + +<p>liquescens (Ent.), <a href="#Page_125">125</a></p> + +<p>liquidus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_184">184</a></p> + +<p>liquiritiae (Flam.), <a href="#Page_176">176</a></p> + +<p>liratus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_243">243</a></p> + +<p>lithophilus (Panus), <a href="#Page_115">115</a></p> + +<p>littoralis (Mar.), <a href="#Page_60">60</a></p> + +<p>lituua (Omp.), <a href="#Page_92">92</a></p> + +<p>livido-albus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_74">74</a></p> + +<p>livido-ochraceus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_184">184</a></p> + +<p>lividum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_124">124</a></p> + +<p>lividus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_67">67</a></p> + +<p>lividus (Pax.), <a href="#Page_139">139</a></p> + +<p>livor (Cort.), <a href="#Page_197">197</a></p> + +<p>lixivium (Trich.), <a href="#Page_28">28</a></p> + +<p>lobatus (Can.), <a href="#Page_109">109</a></p> + +<p><b>Locellina</b>, <a href="#Page_141">141</a></p> + +<p>longicauda (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_218">218</a></p> + +<p>longicaudum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_160">160</a></p> + +<p>longipes (Can.), <a href="#Page_107">107</a></p> + +<p>longipes (Col.), <a href="#Page_47">47</a></p> + +<p>loricatum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_21">21</a></p> + +<p>loripes (Col.), <a href="#Page_48">48</a></p> + +<p>Loscosii (Psath.), <a href="#Page_221">221</a></p> + +<p>Loveiana (Vol.), <a href="#Page_119">119</a></p> + +<p>lubrica (Flam.), <a href="#Page_173">173</a></p> + +<p>lucifera (Phol.), <a href="#Page_144">144</a></p> + +<p>lucifuga (Ino.), <a href="#Page_155">155</a></p> + +<p>lucorum (Cort.), <a href="#Page_192">192</a></p> + +<p>lucorum (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_73">73</a></p> + +<p>ludia (Col.), <a href="#Page_54">54</a></p> + +<p>Luffii (Omp.), <a href="#Page_92">92</a></p> + +<p>lugens (Heb.), <a href="#Page_160">160</a></p> + +<p>lugubris (Nau.), <a href="#Page_162">162</a></p> + +<p>lupina (Flam.), <a href="#Page_173">173</a></p> + +<p>lupuletora (Col.), <a href="#Page_51">51</a></p> + +<p>luridum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_19">19</a></p> + +<p>luridus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_67">67</a></p> + +<p>luscina (Cli.), <a href="#Page_80">80</a></p> + +<p>lusitanicus (Lent.), <a href="#Page_112">112</a></p> + +<p>lustratus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_178">178</a></p> + +<p>lutea (Aman.), <a href="#Page_4">4</a></p> + +<p>lutea (Rus.), <a href="#Page_30">30</a></p> + +<p>luteifolia (Col.), <a href="#Page_53">53</a></p> + +<p>luteoalba (Myc.), <a href="#Page_39">39</a></p> + +<p>luteocaesius (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_100">100</a></p> + +<p>luteolus (Bolb.), <a href="#Page_148">148</a></p> + +<p>luteolus (Crep.), <a href="#Page_202">202</a></p> + +<p>luteomarginatus (Plut.), <a href="#Page_123">123</a></p> + +<p>luteonitens (Stro.), <a href="#Page_210">210</a></p> + +<p>luteorufescens (Myc.), <a href="#Page_37">37</a></p> + +<p>luteovirens (Arm.), <a href="#Page_15">15</a></p> + +<p>luteoviridans (Rus.), <a href="#Page_33">33</a></p> + +<p>lutincola (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_101">101</a></p> + +<p>luxoviensis (Copr.), <a href="#Page_235">235</a></p> + +<p>luxurians (Phol.), <a href="#Page_143">143</a></p> + + +<p>macelenta (Col.), <a href="#Page_53">53</a></p> + +<p>macrocephalus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_234">234</a></p> + +<p>macrophylla (Cli.), <a href="#Page_89">89</a></p> + +<p>macropus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_191">191</a></p> + +<p>macropus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_100">100</a></p> + +<p>macrorhizum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_21">21</a></p> + +<p>macrosporus (Claud.), <a href="#Page_137">137</a></p> + +<p>maculata (Col.), <a href="#Page_48">48</a></p> + +<p>maculata (Ino.), <a href="#Page_153">153</a></p> + +<p>maculata (Rus.), <a href="#Page_35">35</a></p> + +<p>maculatus (Gomp.), <a href="#Page_212">212</a></p> + +<p>maculosus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_182">182</a></p> + +<p>madidum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_125">125</a></p> + +<p>magna (Phol.), <a href="#Page_143">143</a></p> + +<p>magnifica (Aman.), <a href="#Page_4">4</a></p> + +<p>magnimamma (Heb.), <a href="#Page_161">161</a></p> + +<p>Magnusiana (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_10">10</a></p> + +<p>majale (Ent.), <a href="#Page_127">127</a></p> + +<p>malachius (Cort.), <a href="#Page_186">186</a></p> + +<p>malicorius (Cort.), <a href="#Page_190">190</a></p> + +<p>maliodorus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_67">67</a></p> + +<p>maluvium (Trich.), <a href="#Page_25">25</a></p> + +<p>mamillaris (Ino.), <a href="#Page_156">156</a></p> + +<p>mammillata (Myc.), <a href="#Page_46">46</a></p> + +<p>mammillata (Stro.), <a href="#Page_210">210</a></p> + +<p>mammosa (Nol.), <a href="#Page_128">128</a></p> + +<p>mammosus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_69">69</a></p> + +<p>mappa (Aman.), <a href="#Page_3">3</a></p> + +<p><b>Marasmius</b>, <a href="#Page_56">56</a></p> + +<p>marcescens (Copr.), <a href="#Page_236">236</a></p> + +<p>margaritispora (Ino.), <a href="#Page_153">153</a></p> + +<p>marginata (Phol.), <a href="#Page_146">146</a></p> + +<p>maritima (Ino.), <a href="#Page_149">149</a></p> + +<p>martialis (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_13">13</a></p> + +<p>marzuola (Cli.), <a href="#Page_84">84</a></p> + +<p>Marzuolus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_79">79</a></p> + +<p>mastigera (Psath.), <a href="#Page_221">221</a></p> + +<p>mastoidea (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_8">8</a></p> + +<p>mastrucatus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_104">104</a></p> + +<p>maura (Omp.), <a href="#Page_92">92</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_263" id="Page_263">[Pg 263]</a></span></p><p>maxima (Cli.), <a href="#Page_85">85</a></p> + +<p>Mayrii (Copr.), <a href="#Page_231">231</a></p> + +<p>media (Vol.), <a href="#Page_120">120</a></p> + +<p>medioflava (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_11">11</a></p> + +<p>medullata (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_14">14</a></p> + +<p>medullosa (Nau.), <a href="#Page_162">162</a></p> + +<p>medusa (Stro.), <a href="#Page_211">211</a></p> + +<p>megalodactyla (Aman.), <a href="#Page_5">5</a></p> + +<p>megalopus (Arm.), <a href="#Page_15">15</a></p> + +<p>melaleucum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_27">27</a></p> + +<p>melanodon (Plut.), <a href="#Page_122">122</a></p> + +<p>melanops (Myc.), <a href="#Page_40">40</a></p> + +<p>melanopus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_100">100</a></p> + +<p>melanotus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_188">188</a></p> + +<p>melantinum (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_215">215</a></p> + +<p>melasperma (Stro.), <a href="#Page_209">209</a></p> + +<p>meleagris (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_9">9</a></p> + +<p>melinoides (Nau.), <a href="#Page_164">164</a></p> + +<p>melizeus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_71">71</a></p> + +<p>mellea (Arm.), <a href="#Page_16">16</a></p> + +<p>mellea (Phol.), <a href="#Page_146">146</a></p> + +<p>melleopallens (Lep.), <a href="#Page_133">133</a></p> + +<p>Menieri (Mar.), <a href="#Page_61">61</a></p> + +<p>mephitica (Col.), <a href="#Page_54">54</a></p> + +<p>merdaria (Stro.), <a href="#Page_210">210</a></p> + +<p>Merletii (Ino.), <a href="#Page_150">150</a></p> + +<p>mesomorpha (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_13">13</a></p> + +<p>mesophaeum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_158">158</a></p> + +<p>mesotephrus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_74">74</a></p> + +<p>metachroa (Cli.), <a href="#Page_89">89</a></p> + +<p>metapodius (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_76">76</a></p> + +<p>metata (Myc.), <a href="#Page_42">42</a></p> + +<p>metulaespora (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_10">10</a></p> + +<p>micaceus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_236">236</a></p> + +<p>micaceus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_78">78</a></p> + +<p>micans (Nau.), <a href="#Page_163">163</a></p> + +<p>Micheliana (Col.), <a href="#Page_54">54</a></p> + +<p>microcephalum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_27">27</a></p> + +<p>microcyclus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_192">192</a></p> + +<p>micropholis (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_10">10</a></p> + +<p>microphylla (Nyc.), <a href="#Page_110">110</a></p> + +<p>microrhiza (Psath.), <a href="#Page_224">224</a></p> + +<p>microscopica (Omp.), <a href="#Page_97">97</a></p> + +<p>miculatum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_21">21</a></p> + +<p>militare (Trich.), <a href="#Page_26">26</a></p> + +<p>miltinus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_189">189</a></p> + +<p>milvinus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_201">201</a></p> + +<p>mimica (Col.), <a href="#Page_48">48</a></p> + +<p>mimicum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_128">128</a></p> + +<p>miniaceus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_72">72</a></p> + +<p>miniatus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_77">77</a></p> + +<p>minimus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_70">70</a></p> + +<p>minuta (Gal.), <a href="#Page_170">170</a></p> + +<p>minuta (Lep.), <a href="#Page_241">241</a></p> + +<p>minuta (Nol.), <a href="#Page_131">131</a></p> + +<p>mirabilis (Myc.), <a href="#Page_37">37</a></p> + +<p>miser (Col.), <a href="#Page_55">55</a></p> + +<p>miser (Copr.), <a href="#Page_240">240</a></p> + +<p>miserrima (Nau.), <a href="#Page_164">164</a></p> + +<p>mitis (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_102">102</a></p> + +<p>mitissimus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_64">64</a></p> + +<p>mitratum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_158">158</a></p> + +<p>mixta (Flam.), <a href="#Page_173">173</a></p> + +<p>mniophila (Gal.), <a href="#Page_170">170</a></p> + +<p>mollis (Crep.), <a href="#Page_201">201</a></p> + +<p>mollis (Lenz.), <a href="#Page_117">117</a></p> + +<p>molybdina (Cli.), <a href="#Page_83">83</a></p> + +<p>molybdites (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_8">8</a></p> + +<p>molyoides (Mar.), <a href="#Page_60">60</a></p> + +<p>monachella (Nol.), <a href="#Page_131">131</a></p> + +<p>monstrosa (Cli.), <a href="#Page_84">84</a></p> + +<p><b>Montagnites</b>, <a href="#Page_240">240</a></p> + +<p>montellicus (Plut.), <a href="#Page_121">121</a></p> + +<p>morchelloides (Gal.), <a href="#Page_171">171</a></p> + +<p>Morieri (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_10">10</a></p> + +<p>morio (Arm.), <a href="#Page_16">16</a></p> + +<p>mortuosa (Cli.), <a href="#Page_90">90</a></p> + +<p>Mougeotii (Ecc.), <a href="#Page_136">136</a></p> + +<p>mucida (Arm.), <a href="#Page_17">17</a></p> + +<p>mucifluus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_183">183</a></p> + +<p>mucor (Myc.), <a href="#Page_46">46</a></p> + +<p>mucronellus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_78">78</a></p> + +<p>mulleus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_57">57</a></p> + +<p><i>multifidum</i> (Schiz.), <a href="#Page_118">118</a></p> + +<p>multiformis (Cort.), <a href="#Page_179">179</a></p> + +<p>mundulus (Clitop.), <a href="#Page_134">134</a></p> + +<p>muralis (Copr.), <a href="#Page_234">234</a></p> + +<p>muralis (Omp.), <a href="#Page_94">94</a></p> + +<p>murcida (Psil.), <a href="#Page_227">227</a></p> + +<p>muricata (Phol.), <a href="#Page_145">145</a></p> + +<p>muricella (Flam.), <a href="#Page_173">173</a></p> + +<p>muricinus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_186">186</a></p> + +<p>murina (Col.), <a href="#Page_55">55</a></p> + +<p>murinaceum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_22">22</a></p> + +<p>murinella (Vol.), <a href="#Page_119">119</a></p> + +<p>muscaria (Aman.), <a href="#Page_4">4</a></p> + +<p>muscigena (Phol.), <a href="#Page_146">146</a></p> + +<p>muscigenus (Can.), <a href="#Page_108">108</a></p> + +<p>muscorum (Can.), <a href="#Page_109">109</a></p> + +<p>muscorum (Tub.), <a href="#Page_172">172</a></p> + +<p>mussivum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_157">157</a></p> + +<p>mustelina (Phol.), <a href="#Page_146">146</a></p> + +<p>mustelina (Rus.), <a href="#Page_34">34</a></p> + +<p>musteus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_64">64</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_264" id="Page_264">[Pg 264]</a></span></p><p>Mustialensis (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_105">105</a></p> + +<p>mutabilis (Phol.), <a href="#Page_145">145</a></p> + +<p>mutabilis (Psil.), <a href="#Page_225">225</a></p> + +<p>mutica (Ino.), <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p> + +<p>mutilus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_100">100</a></p> + +<p><b>Mycena</b>, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></p> + +<p>mycenoides (Phol.), <a href="#Page_146">146</a></p> + +<p>mycenopsis (Copr.), <a href="#Page_237">237</a></p> + +<p>myosotis (Nau.), <a href="#Page_166">166</a></p> + +<p>myosurus (Col.), <a href="#Page_51">51</a></p> + +<p>myrtillinus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_189">189</a></p> + +<p>myxotrichus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_104">104</a></p> + + +<p>naevosus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_184">184</a></p> + +<p>nanus (Plut.), <a href="#Page_122">122</a></p> + +<p>napus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_180">180</a></p> + +<p>narcoticus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_234">234</a></p> + +<p>naucina (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_11">11</a></p> + +<p><b>Naucoria</b>, <a href="#Page_162">162</a></p> + +<p>nauseosa (Nyc.), <a href="#Page_110">110</a></p> + +<p>nauseosa (Rus.), <a href="#Page_29">29</a></p> + +<p>nauseosodulcis (Cli.), <a href="#Page_85">85</a></p> + +<p>nauseosodulcis (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_100">100</a></p> + +<p>nauseosum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_161">161</a></p> + +<p>nebrodensis (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_100">100</a></p> + +<p>nebularis (Cli.), <a href="#Page_80">80</a></p> + +<p>nefrens (Lep.), <a href="#Page_134">134</a></p> + +<p>neglecta (Psath.), <a href="#Page_222">222</a></p> + +<p>neglectus (Clitop.), <a href="#Page_136">136</a></p> + +<p>nemophila (Psil.), <a href="#Page_224">224</a></p> + +<p>nemoreus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_74">74</a></p> + +<p>Nevillae (Omp.), <a href="#Page_93">93</a></p> + +<p>nictitans (Trich.), <a href="#Page_18">18</a></p> + +<p>nidulans (Crep.), <a href="#Page_201">201</a></p> + +<p>nidulans (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_103">103</a></p> + +<p><i>nidulans</i> (Pleur.), <a href="#Page_201">201</a></p> + +<p>nidorosum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_128">128</a></p> + +<p>nidusavis (Clitop.), <a href="#Page_135">135</a></p> + +<p>nigellus (Ecc.), <a href="#Page_136">136</a></p> + +<p>nigrella (Ecc.), <a href="#Page_136">136</a></p> + +<p>nigricans (Rus.), <a href="#Page_32">32</a></p> + +<p>nigripes (Nol.), <a href="#Page_129">129</a></p> + +<p>nigrocinnamomeum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_127">127</a></p> + +<p>nigromarginata (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_10">10</a></p> + +<p>nigropunctata (Cli.), <a href="#Page_91">91</a></p> + +<p>nimbata (Cli.), <a href="#Page_80">80</a></p> + +<p>nimbosa (Nau.), <a href="#Page_162">162</a></p> + +<p>nivea (Myc.), <a href="#Page_39">39</a></p> + +<p>niveorubens (Agar.), <a href="#Page_206">206</a></p> + +<p>niveus (Bolb.), <a href="#Page_148">148</a></p> + +<p>niveus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_232">232</a></p> + +<p>niveus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_75">75</a></p> + +<p>nivosus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_104">104</a></p> + +<p>nitellina (Col.), <a href="#Page_52">52</a></p> + +<p>nitens (Cort.), <a href="#Page_199">199</a></p> + +<p>nitens (Flam.), <a href="#Page_176">176</a></p> + +<p>nitens (Pax.), <a href="#Page_139">139</a></p> + +<p>nitida (Aman.), <a href="#Page_5">5</a></p> + +<p>nitida (Rus.), <a href="#Page_30">30</a></p> + +<p>nitidum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_125">125</a></p> + +<p>nitidus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_184">184</a></p> + +<p>nitidus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_72">72</a></p> + +<p>nitratus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_79">79</a></p> + +<p>nitrosus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_194">194</a></p> + +<p><b>Nolanea</b>, <a href="#Page_128">128</a></p> + +<p>noli-tangere (Psath.), <a href="#Page_224">224</a></p> + +<p>nubila (Cli.), <a href="#Page_90">90</a></p> + +<p>nucea (Nau.), <a href="#Page_164">164</a></p> + +<p>nucida (Myc.), <a href="#Page_39">39</a></p> + +<p>nuciseda (Psil.), <a href="#Page_226">226</a></p> + +<p>nudipes (Heb.), <a href="#Page_160">160</a></p> + +<p>nudum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_27">27</a></p> + +<p>nummularia (Col.), <a href="#Page_52">52</a></p> + +<p><b>Nyctalis</b>, <a href="#Page_110">110</a></p> + +<p>nycthemerus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_233">233</a></p> + +<p>nympharum (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_11">11</a></p> + + +<p>obbata (Cli.), <a href="#Page_88">88</a></p> + +<p>oblectus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_228">228</a></p> + +<p>obliquus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_70">70</a></p> + +<p>obnubilus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_68">68</a></p> + +<p>obola (Cli.), <a href="#Page_90">90</a></p> + +<p>obrusseus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_78">78</a></p> + +<p>obscura (Ino.), <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p> + +<p>obscuratus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_79">79</a></p> + +<p>obsoleta (Cli.), <a href="#Page_90">90</a></p> + +<p>obturata (Stro.), <a href="#Page_209">209</a></p> + +<p>obtusata (Psath.), <a href="#Page_222">222</a></p> + +<p>obtusus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_200">200</a></p> + +<p>occulta (Cli.), <a href="#Page_84">84</a></p> + +<p>ocellata (Col.), <a href="#Page_54">54</a></p> + +<p>ochracea (Cli.), <a href="#Page_89">89</a></p> + +<p>ochracea (Rus.), <a href="#Page_30">30</a></p> + +<p>ochraceus (Can.), <a href="#Page_108">108</a></p> + +<p>ochrochlora (Flam.), <a href="#Page_176">176</a></p> + +<p>ochroleuca (Rus.), <a href="#Page_35">35</a></p> + +<p>ochroleucus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_188">188</a></p> + +<p>ochrophyllus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_188">188</a></p> + +<p>ocreata (Stro.), <a href="#Page_211">211</a></p> + +<p>odini (Heb.), <a href="#Page_161">161</a></p> + +<p>odora (Cli.), <a href="#Page_81">81</a></p> + +<p>odorus (Can.), <a href="#Page_109">109</a></p> + +<p>oedipus (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_214">214</a></p> + +<p>olearius (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_99">99</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_265" id="Page_265">[Pg 265]</a></span></p><p>olida (Myc.), <a href="#Page_39">39</a></p> + +<p>olidus (Can.), <a href="#Page_106">106</a></p> + +<p>olivacea (Rus.), <a href="#Page_31">31</a></p> + +<p>olivaceoalbus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_73">73</a></p> + +<p>olivaceomarginata (Myc.), <a href="#Page_37">37</a></p> + +<p>olivascens (Cort.), <a href="#Page_183">183</a></p> + +<p>olivascens (Cort.), <a href="#Page_191">191</a></p> + +<p>olivascens (Rus.), <a href="#Page_32">32</a></p> + +<p>oliveus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_185">185</a></p> + +<p>Olivieri (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_8">8</a></p> + +<p>olorina (Cli.), <a href="#Page_82">82</a></p> + +<p>ombrophila (Phol.), <a href="#Page_141">141</a></p> + +<p>ombrophila (Psath.), <a href="#Page_222">222</a></p> + +<p><b>Omphalia</b>, <a href="#Page_91">91</a></p> + +<p>omphalodes (Lent.), <a href="#Page_112">112</a></p> + +<p>oniscoides (Omp.), <a href="#Page_93">93</a></p> + +<p>oniscus (Omp.), <a href="#Page_93">93</a></p> + +<p>onychinum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_23">23</a></p> + +<p>opaca (Cli.), <a href="#Page_84">84</a></p> + +<p>opicum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_22">22</a></p> + +<p>opimus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_185">185</a></p> + +<p>opiparia (Cli.), <a href="#Page_81">81</a></p> + +<p>orbicularis (Col.), <a href="#Page_51">51</a></p> + +<p>orbiformis (Cli.), <a href="#Page_89">89</a></p> + +<p>orcella (Clitop.), <a href="#Page_134">134</a></p> + +<p>orcelloides (Pax.), <a href="#Page_139">139</a></p> + +<p>oreades (Mar.), <a href="#Page_57">57</a></p> + +<p>oreinum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_25">25</a></p> + +<p>orellanus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_190">190</a></p> + +<p>orichalceus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_181">181</a></p> + +<p>ornatus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_98">98</a></p> + +<p>ostreatus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_101">101</a></p> + +<p>ovalis (Gal.), <a href="#Page_169">169</a></p> + +<p>ovatus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_230">230</a></p> + +<p>ovinus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_76">76</a></p> + +<p>ovoidea (Aman.), <a href="#Page_3">3</a></p> + +<p>ozes (Col.), <a href="#Page_54">54</a></p> + +<p>ozonii (Bolb.), <a href="#Page_148">148</a></p> + + +<p>pachyphylla (Cli.), <a href="#Page_91">91</a></p> + +<p>paedidum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_28">28</a></p> + +<p>paleaceus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_196">196</a></p> + +<p>Pallassii (Mont.), <a href="#Page_240">240</a></p> + +<p>pallens (Lep.), <a href="#Page_133">133</a></p> + +<p>pallens (Psath.), <a href="#Page_222">222</a></p> + +<p>pallescens (Crep.), <a href="#Page_202">202</a></p> + +<p>pallida (Rus.), <a href="#Page_34">34</a></p> + +<p>pallidus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_65">65</a></p> + +<p>palmatus (Crep.), <a href="#Page_201">201</a></p> + +<p>paludosa (Tub.), <a href="#Page_171">171</a></p> + +<p>palustris (Stro.), <a href="#Page_210">210</a></p> + +<p>panaeolum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_27">27</a></p> + +<p><b>Panaeolus</b>, <a href="#Page_217">217</a></p> + +<p>panaeolus (Pax.), <a href="#Page_139">139</a></p> + +<p>Pannizii (Cli.), <a href="#Page_85">85</a></p> + +<p>pannosa (Nau.), <a href="#Page_167">167</a></p> + +<p>pannucius (Lac.), <a href="#Page_68">68</a></p> + +<p>pansa (Cort.), <a href="#Page_180">180</a></p> + +<p>pantherina (Aman.), <a href="#Page_5">5</a></p> + +<p>pantoleucus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_100">100</a></p> + +<p>panuoides (Pax.), <a href="#Page_140">140</a></p> + +<p><b>Panus</b>, <a href="#Page_114">114</a></p> + +<p>papilionaceus (Paneo.), <a href="#Page_217">217</a></p> + +<p>papillata (Cli.), <a href="#Page_89">89</a></p> + +<p>papillata (Nol.), <a href="#Page_128">128</a></p> + +<p>papillatus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_238">238</a></p> + +<p>papulosus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_182">182</a></p> + +<p>parabolica (Myc.), <a href="#Page_41">41</a></p> + +<p>paradoxa (Stro.), <a href="#Page_211">211</a></p> + +<p>paradoxus (Pax.), <a href="#Page_140">140</a></p> + +<p>paragaudis (Cort.), <a href="#Page_193">193</a></p> + +<p>parasitica (Lep.), <a href="#Page_134">134</a></p> + +<p>parasitica (Nyc.), <a href="#Page_110">110</a></p> + +<p>pardalis (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_98">98</a></p> + +<p>parilis (Cli.), <a href="#Page_86">86</a></p> + +<p>Parisotii (Crep.), <a href="#Page_202">202</a></p> + +<p>Parkensis (Ecc.), <a href="#Page_136">136</a></p> + +<p>paropsis (Cli.), <a href="#Page_87">87</a></p> + +<p>parvannulata (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_13">13</a></p> + +<p>parvula (Vol.), <a href="#Page_120">120</a></p> + +<p>parvus (Can.), <a href="#Page_107">107</a></p> + +<p>pascua (Nol.), <a href="#Page_128">128</a></p> + +<p>patellaris (Panus), <a href="#Page_115">115</a></p> + +<p>pateriformis (Cort.), <a href="#Page_199">199</a></p> + +<p>pathenopejus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_101">101</a></p> + +<p>Patouillardii (Copr.), <a href="#Page_238">238</a></p> + +<p>patulum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_25">25</a></p> + +<p>Pauletii (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_12">12</a></p> + +<p>paupercula (Myc.), <a href="#Page_42">42</a></p> + +<p>pausiaca (Cli.), <a href="#Page_89">89</a></p> + +<p>pavonius (Cort.), <a href="#Page_187">187</a></p> + +<p><b>Paxillus</b>, <a href="#Page_139">139</a></p> + +<p>paxillus (Phol.), <a href="#Page_145">145</a></p> + +<p>pectinata (Omp.), <a href="#Page_97">97</a></p> + +<p>pectinata (Rus.), <a href="#Page_35">35</a></p> + +<p>pediades (Nau.), <a href="#Page_165">165</a></p> + +<p>pelianthina (Myc.), <a href="#Page_36">36</a></p> + +<p>pelliculosa (Myc.), <a href="#Page_45">45</a></p> + +<p>pellitus (Plut.), <a href="#Page_122">122</a></p> + +<p>pellucida (Tub.), <a href="#Page_171">171</a></p> + +<p>pellucidus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_240">240</a></p> + +<p>pelmatosporus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_178">178</a></p> + +<p>peltata (Myc.), <a href="#Page_43">43</a></p> + +<p>penarius (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_71">71</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_266" id="Page_266">[Pg 266]</a></span></p><p>penetrans (Flam.), <a href="#Page_175">175</a></p> + +<p>penicillatus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_188">188</a></p> + +<p>pennata (Psath.), <a href="#Page_223">223</a></p> + +<p>perbrevis (Ino.), <a href="#Page_153">153</a></p> + +<p>Percevali (Stro.), <a href="#Page_208">208</a></p> + +<p>percomis (Cort.), <a href="#Page_179">179</a></p> + +<p>perforans (Mar.), <a href="#Page_61">61</a></p> + +<p>pergamena (Cli.), <a href="#Page_84">84</a></p> + +<p>pergamenus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_66">66</a></p> + +<p>periscelis (Cort.), <a href="#Page_195">195</a></p> + +<p>perlata (Ino.), <a href="#Page_152">152</a></p> + +<p>permixta (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_8">8</a></p> + +<p>peronatus (Agar.), <a href="#Page_204">204</a></p> + +<p>peronatus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_56">56</a></p> + +<p>perpusillus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_105">105</a></p> + +<p>perrera (Agar.), <a href="#Page_206">206</a></p> + +<p>persicinum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_28">28</a></p> + +<p>persicinus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_72">72</a></p> + +<p>personatum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_26">26</a></p> + +<p>Persoonii (Aman.), <a href="#Page_6">6</a></p> + +<p>pertinax (Psil.), <a href="#Page_224">224</a></p> + +<p>pes-caprae (Trich.), <a href="#Page_25">25</a></p> + +<p>pessundatum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_18">18</a></p> + +<p>petaloides (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_102">102</a></p> + +<p>Peteauxii (Claud.), <a href="#Page_138">138</a></p> + +<p>Peteauxii (Crep.), <a href="#Page_202">202</a></p> + +<p>petiginosum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_161">161</a></p> + +<p>pezizoides (Crep.), <a href="#Page_202">202</a></p> + +<p>phaeocephala (Ino.), <a href="#Page_152">152</a></p> + +<p>phaeophyllus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_199">199</a></p> + +<p>phaeopodia (Col.), <a href="#Page_49">49</a></p> + +<p>phaeosporus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_232">232</a></p> + +<p>phalenarum (Paneo.), <a href="#Page_217">217</a></p> + +<p>phalerata (Phol.), <a href="#Page_145">145</a></p> + +<p>phalliodorus (Col.), <a href="#Page_55">55</a></p> + +<p>phalloides (Aman.), <a href="#Page_3">3</a></p> + +<p>Phillipsii (Crep.), <a href="#Page_202">202</a></p> + +<p>philonitis (Omp.), <a href="#Page_93">93</a></p> + +<p>phlebophorus (Plut.), <a href="#Page_123">123</a></p> + +<p>phoenicea (Arm.), <a href="#Page_14">14</a></p> + +<p>Phoenix (Pilo.), <a href="#Page_208">208</a></p> + +<p>phoenix (Psil.), <a href="#Page_227">227</a></p> + +<p>pholideus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_187">187</a></p> + +<p><b>Pholiota</b>, <a href="#Page_141">141</a></p> + +<p>phragmatophylla (Phol.), <a href="#Page_142">142</a></p> + +<p>phrygianus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_187">187</a></p> + +<p>phyllophila (Cli.), <a href="#Page_82">82</a></p> + +<p>phyllophilus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_240">240</a></p> + +<p>physaloides (Psil.), <a href="#Page_226">226</a></p> + +<p>picaceus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_232">232</a></p> + +<p>picea (Nol.), <a href="#Page_130">130</a></p> + +<p>picinus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_69">69</a></p> + +<p>picrea (Flam.), <a href="#Page_176">176</a></p> + +<p>picta (Omp.), <a href="#Page_96">96</a></p> + +<p><b>Pilosace</b>, <a href="#Page_208">208</a></p> + +<p>pilosus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_233">233</a></p> + +<p>pilulaeforme (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_216">216</a></p> + +<p>pinastri (Lenz.), <a href="#Page_117">117</a></p> + +<p>pinetorum (Arm.), <a href="#Page_17">17</a></p> + +<p>pingua (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_14">14</a></p> + +<p>pinsitus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_103">103</a></p> + +<p>piperatus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_66">66</a></p> + +<p>pisciodora (Nol.), <a href="#Page_129">129</a></p> + +<p>pithyophila (Cli.), <a href="#Page_82">82</a></p> + +<p>pityria (Gal.), <a href="#Page_170">170</a></p> + +<p>pityrodes (Nau.), <a href="#Page_168">168</a></p> + +<p>placenta (Ent.), <a href="#Page_124">124</a></p> + +<p>placida (Lep.), <a href="#Page_131">131</a></p> + +<p>plancus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_57">57</a></p> + +<p>planipes (Col.), <a href="#Page_53">53</a></p> + +<p>planus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_102">102</a></p> + +<p>platyphylla (Col.), <a href="#Page_47">47</a></p> + +<p>platypus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_234">234</a></p> + +<p>plautus (Plut.), <a href="#Page_122">122</a></p> + +<p>pleopodia (Nol.), <a href="#Page_130">130</a></p> + +<p>pleurotoides (Arm.), <a href="#Page_16">16</a></p> + +<p><b>Pleurotus</b>, <a href="#Page_98">98</a></p> + +<p>plexipes (Col.), <a href="#Page_55">55</a></p> + +<p>plicatilis (Copr.), <a href="#Page_239">239</a></p> + +<p>plicatocrenata (Myc.), <a href="#Page_45">45</a></p> + +<p>plicosa (Myc.), <a href="#Page_42">42</a></p> + +<p>plumbea (Myc.), <a href="#Page_43">43</a></p> + +<p>plumbeus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_68">68</a></p> + +<p>plumbosus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_198">198</a></p> + +<p>plumiger (Cort.), <a href="#Page_192">192</a></p> + +<p>plumipes (Col.), <a href="#Page_53">53</a></p> + +<p>plumosa (Ino.), <a href="#Page_149">149</a></p> + +<p>pluteoides (Ent.), <a href="#Page_127">127</a></p> + +<p><b>Pluteolus</b>, <a href="#Page_146">146</a></p> + +<p><b>Pluteus</b>, <a href="#Page_120">120</a></p> + +<p>pluvius (Cort.), <a href="#Page_185">185</a></p> + +<p>polita (Ecc.), <a href="#Page_136">136</a></p> + +<p>polius (Cli.), <a href="#Page_80">80</a></p> + +<p>polyadelpha (Omp.), <a href="#Page_97">97</a></p> + +<p>polycephalus (Can.), <a href="#Page_108">108</a></p> + +<p>polygramma (Myc.), <a href="#Page_40">40</a></p> + +<p>polyphyllum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_20">20</a></p> + +<p>polysticta (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_13">13</a></p> + +<p>pometi (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_100">100</a></p> + +<p>popinalis (Clitop.), <a href="#Page_135">135</a></p> + +<p>Porinae (Lac.), <a href="#Page_69">69</a></p> + +<p>porphyria (Aman.), <a href="#Page_4">4</a></p> + +<p>porphyrophaeum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_124">124</a></p> + +<p>porphyropus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_182">182</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_267" id="Page_267">[Pg 267]</a></span></p><p>porreus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_56">56</a></p> + +<p>porrigens (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_103">103</a></p> + +<p>porriginosa (Nau.), <a href="#Page_166">166</a></p> + +<p>portentosum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_17">17</a></p> + +<p>Postii (Omp.), <a href="#Page_92">92</a></p> + +<p>praecox (Ent.), <a href="#Page_128">128</a></p> + +<p>praecox (Phol.), <a href="#Page_142">142</a></p> + +<p>praegnans (Copr.), <a href="#Page_230">230</a></p> + +<p>praenitens (Agar.), <a href="#Page_204">204</a></p> + +<p>praestans (Cort.), <a href="#Page_185">185</a></p> + +<p>praetervisa (Ino.), <a href="#Page_152">152</a></p> + +<p>praetoria (Amtop.), <a href="#Page_6">6</a></p> + +<p>prasinus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_181">181</a></p> + +<p>prasiosmus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_57">57</a></p> + +<p>pratensis (Agar.), <a href="#Page_205">205</a></p> + +<p>pratensis (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_74">74</a></p> + +<p>Prescottii (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_214">214</a></p> + +<p>privignus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_197">197</a></p> + +<p>proboscideus (Crep.), <a href="#Page_203">203</a></p> + +<p>procera (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_7">7</a></p> + +<p>prominens (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_8">8</a></p> + +<p>proletaria (Nol.), <a href="#Page_128">128</a></p> + +<p>prolifera (Myc.), <a href="#Page_40">40</a></p> + +<p>prolixa (Col.), <a href="#Page_48">48</a></p> + +<p>prona (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_220">220</a></p> + +<p>properatus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_99">99</a></p> + +<p>protracta (Col.), <a href="#Page_55">55</a></p> + +<p>proxima (Cli.), <a href="#Page_91">91</a></p> + +<p>proximella (Ino.), <a href="#Page_153">153</a></p> + +<p>pruinata (Myc.), <a href="#Page_40">40</a></p> + +<p>pruinosa (Cli.), <a href="#Page_88">88</a></p> + +<p>prunuloides (Ent.), <a href="#Page_124">124</a></p> + +<p>prunulus (Clitop.), <a href="#Page_134">134</a></p> + +<p>psammicola (Myc.), <a href="#Page_42">42</a></p> + +<p>psammocephalus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_195">195</a></p> + +<p>psammopodium (Trich.), <a href="#Page_20">20</a></p> + +<p><b>Psathyra</b>, <a href="#Page_221">221</a></p> + +<p><b>Psathyrella</b>, <a href="#Page_218">218</a></p> + +<p>psathyroides (Col.), <a href="#Page_52">52</a></p> + +<p>pseudoandrosacea (Omp.), <a href="#Page_95">95</a></p> + +<p>pseudoorcella (Clitop.), <a href="#Page_134">134</a></p> + +<p>pseudoplicatilis (Copr.), <a href="#Page_237">237</a></p> + +<p>pseudopura (Myc.), <a href="#Page_38">38</a></p> + +<p><b>Psilocybe</b>, <a href="#Page_224">224</a></p> + +<p>psilocyboides (Omp.), <a href="#Page_96">96</a></p> + +<p>psittacinus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_79">79</a></p> + +<p>pterigena (Myc.), <a href="#Page_46">46</a></p> + +<p>pubescens (Gal.), <a href="#Page_169">169</a></p> + +<p>pubescens (Lac.), <a href="#Page_66">66</a></p> + +<p>pudens (Panus), <a href="#Page_115">115</a></p> + +<p>pudens (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_105">105</a></p> + +<p>pudica (Phol.), <a href="#Page_142">142</a></p> + +<p>pudorinus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_71">71</a></p> + +<p>puellaris (Rus.), <a href="#Page_31">31</a></p> + +<p>puellula (Cli.), <a href="#Page_82">82</a></p> + +<p>pulla (Cli.), <a href="#Page_85">85</a></p> + +<p>pulla (Col.), <a href="#Page_49">49</a></p> + +<p>pullata (Myc.), <a href="#Page_42">42</a></p> + +<p>pulmonariellus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_102">102</a></p> + +<p>pulmonarius (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_102">102</a></p> + +<p>pulverulentus (Scop.), <a href="#Page_111">111</a></p> + +<p>pulvinatus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_101">101</a></p> + +<p>pumila (Phol.), <a href="#Page_146">146</a></p> + +<p>punctata (Rus.), <a href="#Page_31">31</a></p> + +<p>punctatum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_158">158</a></p> + +<p>punctatus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_194">194</a></p> + +<p>punctulata (Stro.), <a href="#Page_211">211</a></p> + +<p>punctulatum (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_215">215</a></p> + +<p>punicella (Myc.), <a href="#Page_38">38</a></p> + +<p>puniceus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_78">78</a></p> + +<p>pura (Myc.), <a href="#Page_38">38</a></p> + +<p>purifluus (Bolb.), <a href="#Page_148">148</a></p> + +<p>purpurascens (Cort.), <a href="#Page_180">180</a></p> + +<p>purpurascens (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_71">71</a></p> + +<p>purpurata (Flam.), <a href="#Page_177">177</a></p> + +<p><i>purpurea</i> (Rus.), <a href="#Page_36">36</a></p> + +<p>purpureophyllus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_243">243</a></p> + +<p>pusillus (Bolb.), <a href="#Page_148">148</a></p> + +<p>pusio (Ino.), <a href="#Page_156">156</a></p> + +<p>pusiola (Nau.), <a href="#Page_164">164</a></p> + +<p>pustulatus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_73">73</a></p> + +<p>putidum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_29">29</a></p> + +<p>putilla (Ino.), <a href="#Page_154">154</a></p> + +<p>putillus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_58">58</a></p> + +<p>putrigenus (Crep.), <a href="#Page_201">201</a></p> + +<p>pygmaea (Nau.), <a href="#Page_163">163</a></p> + +<p>pygmaeo-affinis (Gal.), <a href="#Page_169">169</a></p> + +<p>pyramidalis (Mar.), <a href="#Page_57">57</a></p> + +<p>pyrenaeus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_230">230</a></p> + +<p>pyrenaica (Lep.), <a href="#Page_133">133</a></p> + +<p>pyreniacum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_124">124</a></p> + +<p>pyriodora (Ino.), <a href="#Page_149">149</a></p> + +<p>pyrogalus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_69">69</a></p> + +<p>pyrotrichum (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_214">214</a></p> + +<p>pyxidata (Omp.), <a href="#Page_92">92</a></p> + + +<p>quadricolor (Cort.), <a href="#Page_192">192</a></p> + +<p>Queletii (Cli.), <a href="#Page_88">88</a></p> + +<p>Queletii (Copr.), <a href="#Page_235">235</a></p> + +<p>Queletii (Heb.), <a href="#Page_160">160</a></p> + +<p>Queletii (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_72">72</a></p> + +<p>Queletii (Lent.), <a href="#Page_111">111</a></p> + +<p>Queletii (Lenz.), <a href="#Page_117">117</a></p> + +<p>Queletii (Lep.), <a href="#Page_134">134</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_268" id="Page_268">[Pg 268]</a></span></p><p>Queletii (Mar.), <a href="#Page_57">57</a></p> + +<p>Queletii (Paneo.), <a href="#Page_218">218</a></p> + +<p>Queletii (Rus.), <a href="#Page_36">36</a></p> + +<p>quietus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_64">64</a></p> + +<p>quinquepartitum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_17">17</a></p> + +<p>quisquilaris (Ent.), <a href="#Page_124">124</a></p> + + +<p>rabenhorstii (Gal.), <a href="#Page_169">169</a></p> + +<p>racemosa (Col.), <a href="#Page_51">51</a></p> + +<p>rachodes (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_7">7</a></p> + +<p>radians (Copr.), <a href="#Page_236">236</a></p> + +<p>radiatus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_238">238</a></p> + +<p>radicata (Col.), <a href="#Page_47">47</a></p> + +<p>radicellata (Cli.), <a href="#Page_89">89</a></p> + +<p>radicellata (Phol.), <a href="#Page_142">142</a></p> + +<p>radicosa (Phol.), <a href="#Page_142">142</a></p> + +<p>raeborhiza (Myc.), <a href="#Page_40">40</a></p> + +<p>Ralfsii (Crep.), <a href="#Page_202">202</a></p> + +<p>ramealis (Mar.), <a href="#Page_59">59</a></p> + +<p>ramentacea (Arm.), <a href="#Page_15">15</a></p> + +<p>ramosa (Col.), <a href="#Page_49">49</a></p> + +<p>ramosus (Can.), <a href="#Page_108">108</a></p> + +<p>rancida (Col.), <a href="#Page_54">54</a></p> + +<p>rapaceus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_179">179</a></p> + +<p>raphanicum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_26">26</a></p> + +<p>raphanoides (Cort.), <a href="#Page_190">190</a></p> + +<p>rapidus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_240">240</a></p> + +<p>rasile (Trich.), <a href="#Page_29">29</a></p> + +<p>ravida (Gal.), <a href="#Page_170">170</a></p> + +<p>ravida (Rus.), <a href="#Page_30">30</a></p> + +<p>reclina (Omp.), <a href="#Page_96">96</a></p> + +<p>recubans (Mar.), <a href="#Page_62">62</a></p> + +<p>reducta (Nau.), <a href="#Page_166">166</a></p> + +<p>Reedii (Cort.), <a href="#Page_199">199</a></p> + +<p>regia (Vol.), <a href="#Page_119">119</a></p> + +<p>Reichardtii (Lenz.), <a href="#Page_117">117</a></p> + +<p>relicina (Ino.), <a href="#Page_148">148</a></p> + +<p>remotus (Paneo.), <a href="#Page_217">217</a></p> + +<p>Renati (Myc.), <a href="#Page_38">38</a></p> + +<p>renidens (Cort.), <a href="#Page_198">198</a></p> + +<p>reniformis (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_102">102</a></p> + +<p>Renneyi (Ino.), <a href="#Page_156">156</a></p> + +<p>repandum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_124">124</a></p> + +<p>replexus (Can.), <a href="#Page_108">108</a></p> + +<p>resimus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_62">62</a></p> + +<p>resinaceus (Lent.), <a href="#Page_112">112</a></p> + +<p>resplendens (Trich.), <a href="#Page_17">17</a></p> + +<p>resutum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_126">126</a></p> + +<p>reticulatus (Pluteo.), <a href="#Page_146">146</a></p> + +<p>retigera (Col.), <a href="#Page_53">53</a></p> + +<p>retirugis (Paneo.), <a href="#Page_217">217</a></p> + +<p>retirugus (Can.), <a href="#Page_109">109</a></p> + +<p>retisporus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_63">63</a></p> + +<p>retosta (Omp.), <a href="#Page_95">95</a></p> + +<p>revolutus (Pax.), <a href="#Page_140">140</a></p> + +<p>revolutus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_101">101</a></p> + +<p>rhadigiosa (Arm.), <a href="#Page_16">16</a></p> + +<p>rhodella (Col.), <a href="#Page_52">52</a></p> + +<p>rhodiola (Ino.), <a href="#Page_150">150</a></p> + +<p>rhodocylix (Ecc.), <a href="#Page_137">137</a></p> + +<p>rhodoleuca (Cli.), <a href="#Page_86">86</a></p> + +<p>rhodomela (Vol.), <a href="#Page_119">119</a></p> + +<p>rhodopolium (Ent.), <a href="#Page_127">127</a></p> + +<p>rhytipes (Rus.), <a href="#Page_34">34</a></p> + +<p>riculatus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_188">188</a></p> + +<p>Riederi (Cort.), <a href="#Page_178">178</a></p> + +<p>rigens (Cort.), <a href="#Page_199">199</a></p> + +<p>rigidata (Cli.), <a href="#Page_82">82</a></p> + +<p>rigidus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_196">196</a></p> + +<p>rimosa (Ino.), <a href="#Page_153">153</a></p> + +<p>rimulincola (Nau.), <a href="#Page_163">163</a></p> + +<p>rimulosa (Schulz.), <a href="#Page_241">241</a></p> + +<p>ringens (Panus), <a href="#Page_115">115</a></p> + +<p>rivulorum (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_104">104</a></p> + +<p>rivulosa (Cli.), <a href="#Page_82">82</a></p> + +<p>rivulosus (Bolb.), <a href="#Page_148">148</a></p> + +<p>Roberti (Plut.), <a href="#Page_122">122</a></p> + +<p>robusta (Arm.), <a href="#Page_14">14</a></p> + +<p>romanus (Xer.), <a href="#Page_116">116</a></p> + +<p>rorida (Myc.), <a href="#Page_46">46</a></p> + +<p>roris (Copr.), <a href="#Page_233">233</a></p> + +<p>rorulenta (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_11">11</a></p> + +<p>rosacea (Rus.), <a href="#Page_36">36</a></p> + +<p>rosella (Myc.), <a href="#Page_37">37</a></p> + +<p>roseoalbus (Plut.), <a href="#Page_123">123</a></p> + +<p>roseocinereus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_101">101</a></p> + +<p>roseola (Aman.), <a href="#Page_4">4</a></p> + +<p>roseolus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_103">103</a></p> + +<p>roseotinctus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_229">229</a></p> + +<p>Rostrupianus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_232">232</a></p> + +<p>rotula (Mar.), <a href="#Page_60">60</a></p> + +<p>Rozei (Ent.), <a href="#Page_126">126</a></p> + +<p>rubella (Myc.), <a href="#Page_38">38</a></p> + +<p>rubellum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_125">125</a></p> + +<p>rubellus (Agar.), <a href="#Page_207">207</a></p> + +<p>rubellus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_193">193</a></p> + +<p>rubescens (Aman.), <a href="#Page_4">4</a></p> + +<p>rubescens (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_71">71</a></p> + +<p>rubescens (Lac.), <a href="#Page_68">68</a></p> + +<p>rubi (Crep.), <a href="#Page_202">202</a></p> + +<p>rubida (Nol.), <a href="#Page_131">131</a></p> + +<p>rubiginosa (Gal.), <a href="#Page_170">170</a></p> + +<p>rubra (Rus.), <a href="#Page_35">35</a></p> + +<p>rubricata (Nau.), <a href="#Page_163">163</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_269" id="Page_269">[Pg 269]</a></span></p><p>rubricatus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_59">59</a></p> + +<p>rubriceps (Chit.), <a href="#Page_204">204</a></p> + +<p>rubricosus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_199">199</a></p> + +<p>rubrocinctus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_65">65</a></p> + +<p>rubromarginata (Myc.), <a href="#Page_37">37</a></p> + +<p>rubropunctatus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_182">182</a></p> + +<p>rubrum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_158">158</a></p> + +<p>rudis (Panus), <a href="#Page_114">114</a></p> + +<p>rufescens (Can.), <a href="#Page_106">106</a></p> + +<p>rufidula (Phol.), <a href="#Page_146">146</a></p> + +<p>rufoalba (Ino.), <a href="#Page_150">150</a></p> + +<p>rufocarnea (Nol.), <a href="#Page_129">129</a></p> + +<p>rufoolivaceus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_181">181</a></p> + +<p>rufus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_67">67</a></p> + +<p>rugosa (Myc.), <a href="#Page_40">40</a></p> + +<p>russiophyllus (Agar.), <a href="#Page_207">207</a></p> + +<p>russocoriaceus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_75">75</a></p> + +<p><b>Russula</b>, <a href="#Page_29">29</a></p> + +<p>russula (Trich.), <a href="#Page_19">19</a></p> + +<p>russus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_179">179</a></p> + +<p>rustica (Omp.), <a href="#Page_93">93</a></p> + +<p>rusticoides (Ecc.), <a href="#Page_137">137</a></p> + +<p>rutaceus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_70">70</a></p> + +<p>Ruthae (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_99">99</a></p> + +<p>rutilans (Trich.), <a href="#Page_19">19</a></p> + + +<p>Saccardianus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_101">101</a></p> + +<p>saccharifera (Myc.), <a href="#Page_46">46</a></p> + +<p>saccharinus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_62">62</a></p> + +<p>sacchariolens (Nau.), <a href="#Page_160">160</a></p> + +<p>Sadleri (Cli.), <a href="#Page_91">91</a></p> + +<p>saevum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_26">26</a></p> + +<p>sagatus (Agar.), <a href="#Page_207">207</a></p> + +<p>saginus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_179">179</a></p> + +<p>Sahleri (Gal.), <a href="#Page_171">171</a></p> + +<p>Salero (Trich.), <a href="#Page_18">18</a></p> + +<p>salicinus (Plut.), <a href="#Page_121">121</a></p> + +<p>salignus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_101">101</a></p> + +<p>salor (Cort.), <a href="#Page_184">184</a></p> + +<p>sambucina (Ino.), <a href="#Page_154">154</a></p> + +<p>sandicina (Cli.), <a href="#Page_91">91</a></p> + +<p>sangifluus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_64">64</a></p> + +<p>sanguinarius (Agar.), <a href="#Page_206">206</a></p> + +<p>sanguinea (Rus.), <a href="#Page_36">36</a></p> + +<p>sanguineus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_189">189</a></p> + +<p>sanguinolenta (Myc.), <a href="#Page_45">45</a></p> + +<p>saniosus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_200">200</a></p> + +<p>sapidus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_100">100</a></p> + +<p>sapinea (Flam.), <a href="#Page_175">175</a></p> + +<p>saponaceum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_21">21</a></p> + +<p>sarcita (Lep.), <a href="#Page_134">134</a></p> + +<p>sarcocephala (Psil.), <a href="#Page_224">224</a></p> + +<p>sardonia (Rus.), <a href="#Page_36">36</a></p> + +<p>sarnicus (Clitop.), <a href="#Page_135">135</a></p> + +<p>saturninus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_197">197</a></p> + +<p>Saundersii (Ent.), <a href="#Page_125">125</a></p> + +<p>saxatilis (Mar.), <a href="#Page_58">58</a></p> + +<p>scabella (Ino.), <a href="#Page_155">155</a></p> + +<p>scaber (Ino.), <a href="#Page_149">149</a></p> + +<p>scabiosum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_126">126</a></p> + +<p>scabrosa (Lep.), <a href="#Page_133">133</a></p> + +<p>scalaris (Crep.), <a href="#Page_201">201</a></p> + +<p>scalpturatum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_20">20</a></p> + +<p>scamba (Flam.), <a href="#Page_176">176</a></p> + +<p>scandens (Cort.), <a href="#Page_200">200</a></p> + +<p>scauroides (Copr.), <a href="#Page_230">230</a></p> + +<p>scaurus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_181">181</a></p> + +<p>sceptrum (Copr.), <a href="#Page_239">239</a></p> + +<p>schista (Ino.), <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p> + +<p><b>Schizophyllum</b>, <a href="#Page_118">118</a></p> + +<p>schizopus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_60">60</a></p> + +<p>schizoxylon (Omp.), <a href="#Page_95">95</a></p> + +<p>Schroteri (Copr.), <a href="#Page_240">240</a></p> + +<p>Schultzii (Panus), <a href="#Page_115">115</a></p> + +<p>Schulzeri (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_79">79</a></p> + +<p>Schulzeri (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_12">12</a></p> + +<p>Schulzeri (Psath.), <a href="#Page_223">223</a></p> + +<p><b>Schulzeria</b>, <a href="#Page_119">119</a>, <a href="#Page_241">241</a></p> + +<p>Schumacheri (Trich.), <a href="#Page_25">25</a></p> + +<p>Schurii (Panus), <a href="#Page_114">114</a></p> + +<p>sciophanus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_77">77</a></p> + +<p>sciophyllus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_198">198</a></p> + +<p>sciopoda (Omp.), <a href="#Page_94">94</a></p> + +<p>scitula (Anel.), <a href="#Page_212">212</a></p> + +<p>sclerotipes (Mar.), <a href="#Page_61">61</a></p> + +<p>scobicola (Psil.), <a href="#Page_225">225</a></p> + +<p>scobinacea (Stro.), <a href="#Page_211">211</a></p> + +<p>scobinella (Amtop.), <a href="#Page_6">6</a></p> + +<p>scolecina (Nau.), <a href="#Page_164">164</a></p> + +<p>scorodonius (Mar.), <a href="#Page_58">58</a></p> + +<p>scorpioides (Nau.), <a href="#Page_166">166</a></p> + +<p>scorteus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_57">57</a></p> + +<p>Scoticus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_66">66</a></p> + +<p>scoticus (Lent.), <a href="#Page_113">113</a></p> + +<p>scrobiculatus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_62">62</a></p> + +<p>scruposa (Arm.), <a href="#Page_15">15</a></p> + +<p>scutellinus (Crep.), <a href="#Page_203">203</a></p> + +<p>scutulatus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_192">192</a></p> + +<p>scyphiformis (Omp.), <a href="#Page_93">93</a></p> + +<p>scyphoides (Omp.), <a href="#Page_92">92</a></p> + +<p>sebaceus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_178">178</a></p> + +<p>Secretani (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_72">72</a></p> + +<p>Secretani (Phol.), <a href="#Page_141">141</a></p> + +<p>segestria (Nau.), <a href="#Page_167">167</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_270" id="Page_270">[Pg 270]</a></span></p><p>sejunctum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_17">17</a></p> + +<p>semibulbosus (Plut.), <a href="#Page_123">123</a></p> + +<p>semicrema (Rus.), <a href="#Page_31">31</a></p> + +<p>semiflexa (Nau.), <a href="#Page_163">163</a></p> + +<p>semiglobata (Stro.), <a href="#Page_210">210</a></p> + +<p>semiinfundibuliformis (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_102">102</a></p> + +<p>semilanceata (Psil.), <a href="#Page_226">226</a></p> + +<p>seminuda (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_13">13</a></p> + +<p>semiorbicularis (Nau.), <a href="#Page_165">165</a></p> + +<p>semistriatus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_239">239</a></p> + +<p>semitalis (Col.), <a href="#Page_47">47</a></p> + +<p>semivestita (Psath.), <a href="#Page_223">223</a></p> + +<p>semotus (Agar.), <a href="#Page_207">207</a></p> + +<p>senescens (Heb.), <a href="#Page_157">157</a></p> + +<p>senilis (Cli.), <a href="#Page_87">87</a></p> + +<p>separata (Anel.), <a href="#Page_212">212</a></p> + +<p>sepiaria (Lenz.), <a href="#Page_116">116</a></p> + +<p>septentrionalis (Lenz.), <a href="#Page_117">117</a></p> + +<p>septentrionalis (Schulz.), <a href="#Page_241">241</a></p> + +<p>septicus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_103">103</a></p> + +<p>serarius (Cort.), <a href="#Page_182">182</a></p> + +<p>serena (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_13">13</a></p> + +<p>sericellum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_126">126</a></p> + +<p>sericeum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_127">127</a></p> + +<p>serifluus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_64">64</a></p> + +<p>serotina (Rus.), <a href="#Page_35">35</a></p> + +<p>serotinus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_102">102</a></p> + +<p>serpentina (Col.), <a href="#Page_48">48</a></p> + +<p>serrulata (Lep.), <a href="#Page_132">132</a></p> + +<p>setiger (Agar.), <a href="#Page_207">207</a></p> + +<p>setipes (Omp.), <a href="#Page_96">96</a></p> + +<p>setosa (Myc.), <a href="#Page_47">47</a></p> + +<p>Seynii (Myc.), <a href="#Page_38">38</a></p> + +<p>Severinii (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_103">103</a></p> + +<p>siccipes (Stro.), <a href="#Page_210">210</a></p> + +<p>sideroides (Nau.), <a href="#Page_164">164</a></p> + +<p>silaceum (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_213">213</a></p> + +<p>siliginea (Gal.), <a href="#Page_169">169</a></p> + +<p>silvanus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_104">104</a></p> + +<p>silvaticus (Agar.), <a href="#Page_206">206</a></p> + +<p>similis (Copr.), <a href="#Page_233">233</a></p> + +<p>simillima (Myc.), <a href="#Page_40">40</a></p> + +<p>simulans (Psil.), <a href="#Page_227">227</a></p> + +<p>sinapizans (Heb.), <a href="#Page_159">159</a></p> + +<p>sindonia (Ino.), <a href="#Page_155">155</a></p> + +<p>sinopica (Cli.), <a href="#Page_85">85</a></p> + +<p>sinuatum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_124">124</a></p> + +<p>sinuosum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_157">157</a></p> + +<p>siparia (Nau.), <a href="#Page_167">167</a></p> + +<p>sistrata (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_13">13</a></p> + +<p>sitaneus (Lent.), <a href="#Page_111">111</a></p> + +<p>smaragdina (Rus.), <a href="#Page_32">32</a></p> + +<p>Smithii (Clitop.), <a href="#Page_136">136</a></p> + +<p>Sobolewski (Col.), <a href="#Page_50">50</a></p> + +<p>soboliferus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_230">230</a></p> + +<p>sobria (Nau.), <a href="#Page_167">167</a></p> + +<p>socialis (Cli.), <a href="#Page_81">81</a></p> + +<p>sociatus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_237">237</a></p> + +<p>solitaria (Aman.), <a href="#Page_5">5</a></p> + +<p>solitaria (Psath.), <a href="#Page_222">222</a></p> + +<p>solstitialis (Copr.), <a href="#Page_228">228</a></p> + +<p>solstitialis (Lep.), <a href="#Page_132">132</a></p> + +<p>solstitialis (Nau.), <a href="#Page_163">163</a></p> + +<p>sorbina (Lenz.), <a href="#Page_117">117</a></p> + +<p>sordarius (Pax.), <a href="#Page_139">139</a></p> + +<p>sordidum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_28">28</a></p> + +<p>sororia (Phol.), <a href="#Page_146">146</a></p> + +<p>sororiata (Plut.), <a href="#Page_121">121</a></p> + +<p>spadicea (Psil.), <a href="#Page_227">227</a></p> + +<p>spadiceo-grisea (Psath.), <a href="#Page_222">222</a></p> + +<p>spadiceus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_178">178</a></p> + +<p>spadiceus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_79">79</a></p> + +<p>spartea (Gal.), <a href="#Page_169">169</a></p> + +<p>spathulatus (Can.), <a href="#Page_108">108</a></p> + +<p>speciosa (Vol.), <a href="#Page_119">119</a></p> + +<p>spectabilis (Phol.), <a href="#Page_144">144</a></p> + +<p>speculum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_128">128</a></p> + +<p>Spegazzinii (Copr.), <a href="#Page_234">234</a></p> + +<p>speira (Myc.), <a href="#Page_44">44</a></p> + +<p>spermaticum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_18">18</a></p> + +<p>sphagnicola (Omp.), <a href="#Page_93">93</a></p> + +<p>sphaleromorpha (Phol.), <a href="#Page_142">142</a></p> + +<p>sphinctrinus (Paneo.), <a href="#Page_217">217</a></p> + +<p>spicula (Gal.), <a href="#Page_169">169</a></p> + +<p>spilomeus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_189">189</a></p> + +<p>spilopus (Plut.), <a href="#Page_122">122</a></p> + +<p>spintrigera (Stro.), <a href="#Page_212">212</a></p> + +<p>spinulosa (Cli.), <a href="#Page_86">86</a></p> + +<p>spinulosus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_69">69</a></p> + +<p>spissa (Aman.), <a href="#Page_5">5</a></p> + +<p>splachnoides (Mar.), <a href="#Page_61">61</a></p> + +<p>splendens (Cli.), <a href="#Page_86">86</a></p> + +<p>spodoleucus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_62">62</a></p> + +<p>spodoleucus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_100">100</a></p> + +<p>spoliatum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_161">161</a></p> + +<p>spongiosus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_98">98</a></p> + +<p>Spraguei (Copr.), <a href="#Page_234">234</a></p> + +<p>spumosa (Flam.), <a href="#Page_174">174</a></p> + +<p>squalens (Psil.), <a href="#Page_227">227</a></p> + +<p>squalidus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_79">79</a></p> + +<p>squalidus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_65">65</a></p> + +<p>squamea (Arm.), <a href="#Page_15">15</a></p> + +<p>squamifera (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_219">219</a></p> + +<p>squamigera (Schulz.), <a href="#Page_241">241</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_271" id="Page_271">[Pg 271]</a></span></p><p>squamosa (Psath.), <a href="#Page_224">224</a></p> + +<p>squamosa (Stro.), <a href="#Page_210">210</a></p> + +<p>squamosus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_231">231</a></p> + +<p>squamulosa (Cli.), <a href="#Page_85">85</a></p> + +<p>squamulosa (Stro.), <a href="#Page_209">209</a></p> + +<p>squarrosa (Phol.), <a href="#Page_143">143</a></p> + +<p>squarrulosa (Ino.), <a href="#Page_149">149</a></p> + +<p>squarrulosum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_21">21</a></p> + +<p>stabilis (Flam.), <a href="#Page_175">175</a></p> + +<p>stagnina (Tub.), <a href="#Page_171">171</a></p> + +<p>stannea (Myc.), <a href="#Page_43">43</a></p> + +<p>stans (Trich.), <a href="#Page_18">18</a></p> + +<p>Staringii (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_101">101</a></p> + +<p>staurospora (Nol.), <a href="#Page_130">130</a></p> + +<p>stellaris (Copr.), <a href="#Page_237">237</a></p> + +<p>stellata (Omp.), <a href="#Page_95">95</a></p> + +<p>stemmatus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_196">196</a></p> + +<p>stenocoleus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_229">229</a></p> + +<p>stercoraria (Stro.), <a href="#Page_210">210</a></p> + +<p>stercorarius (Copr.), <a href="#Page_236">236</a></p> + +<p>sterile (Heb.), <a href="#Page_161">161</a></p> + +<p>sterquilinus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_228">228</a></p> + +<p>Stevensoni (Can.), <a href="#Page_108">108</a></p> + +<p>Stevensoni (Col.), <a href="#Page_52">52</a></p> + +<p>Stevensonii (Panus), <a href="#Page_115">115</a></p> + +<p>stictica (Nau.), <a href="#Page_164">164</a></p> + +<p>stilbocephalus (Clitop.), <a href="#Page_136">136</a></p> + +<p>stillatitius (Cort.), <a href="#Page_185">185</a></p> + +<p>stiparophyllum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_23">23</a></p> + +<p>stipitaria (Col.), <a href="#Page_50">50</a></p> + +<p>stipticus (Panus), <a href="#Page_115">115</a></p> + +<p>stipularis (Myc.), <a href="#Page_47">47</a></p> + +<p>stiriacus (Crep.), <a href="#Page_201">201</a></p> + +<p>Stocseki (Heb.), <a href="#Page_160">160</a></p> + +<p>storea (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_214">214</a></p> + +<p>straminella (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_12">12</a></p> + +<p>straminipes (Clitop.), <a href="#Page_136">136</a></p> + +<p>strangulata (Amtop.), <a href="#Page_6">6</a></p> + +<p>streptopus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_76">76</a></p> + +<p>striaepes (Nau.), <a href="#Page_165">165</a></p> + +<p>striaepileus (Amp.), <a href="#Page_92">92</a></p> + +<p>striatulus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_105">105</a></p> + +<p>stricta (Psath.), <a href="#Page_222">222</a></p> + +<p>strictipes (Trich.), <a href="#Page_28">28</a></p> + +<p>stridula (Col.), <a href="#Page_49">49</a></p> + +<p>strigiceps (Ino.), <a href="#Page_157">157</a></p> + +<p>strobiliformis (Aman.), <a href="#Page_6">6</a></p> + +<p>strobiliformis (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_11">11</a></p> + +<p>strobilina (Myc.), <a href="#Page_37">37</a></p> + +<p><b>Stropharia</b>, <a href="#Page_208">208</a></p> + +<p>strophosum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_159">159</a></p> + +<p>Strossmayeri (Copr.), <a href="#Page_235">235</a></p> + +<p>strumosa (Col.), <a href="#Page_49">49</a></p> + +<p>Studeriana (Flam.), <a href="#Page_176">176</a></p> + +<p>stylobates (Myc.), <a href="#Page_46">46</a></p> + +<p>suaveolens (Cli.), <a href="#Page_88">88</a></p> + +<p>suavis (Nau.), <a href="#Page_167">167</a></p> + +<p>suavissimis (Lent.), <a href="#Page_113">113</a></p> + +<p>subalutacea (Cli.), <a href="#Page_81">81</a></p> + +<p>subannulatus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_56">56</a></p> + +<p>subatomata (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_220">220</a></p> + +<p>subatrata (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_218">218</a></p> + +<p>subbalteatus (Paneo.), <a href="#Page_218">218</a></p> + +<p>subcava (Arm.), <a href="#Page_16">16</a></p> + +<p>subcoeruleo-griseus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_233">233</a></p> + +<p>subcollariatum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_159">159</a></p> + +<p>subdecastes (Cli.), <a href="#Page_83">83</a></p> + +<p>subdenticulatus (Can.), <a href="#Page_106">106</a></p> + +<p>subdulcis (Lac.), <a href="#Page_68">68</a></p> + +<p>subericaea (Psil.), <a href="#Page_225">225</a></p> + +<p>suberosus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_75">75</a></p> + +<p>subferrugineus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_197">197</a></p> + +<p>subfirmus (Paneo.), <a href="#Page_217">217</a></p> + +<p>subgibbosus (Agar.), <a href="#Page_208">208</a></p> + +<p>subglobosa (Nol.), <a href="#Page_130">130</a></p> + +<p>subglobosa (Nau.), <a href="#Page_162">162</a></p> + +<p>subgranulosa (Ino.), <a href="#Page_154">154</a></p> + +<p>subintiger (Crep.), <a href="#Page_202">202</a></p> + +<p>subinvoluta (Cli.), <a href="#Page_86">86</a></p> + +<p>sublanatus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_187">187</a></p> + +<p>sublateritium (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_213">213</a></p> + +<p>sublentum (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_216">216</a></p> + +<p>subliquescens (Psath.), <a href="#Page_222">222</a></p> + +<p>sublutea (Phol.), <a href="#Page_145">145</a></p> + +<p>subnotatus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_190">190</a></p> + +<p>subnuda (Psath.), <a href="#Page_223">223</a></p> + +<p>subpalmatus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_99">99</a></p> + +<p>subpapillatum (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_216">216</a></p> + +<p>subplicatus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_105">105</a></p> + +<p>subplicosa (Myc.), <a href="#Page_42">42</a></p> + +<p>subpulverulentum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_28">28</a></p> + +<p>subpurpurascens (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_71">71</a></p> + +<p>subradiatus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_76">76</a></p> + +<p>subrimosa (Ino.), <a href="#Page_156">156</a></p> + +<p>subrosea (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_220">220</a></p> + +<p>subrubens (Ent.), <a href="#Page_126">126</a></p> + +<p>subrufulus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_102">102</a></p> + +<p>subsaponaceum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_159">159</a></p> + +<p>subsimilis (Cort.), <a href="#Page_183">183</a></p> + +<p>subsquarrosa (Phol.), <a href="#Page_144">144</a></p> + +<p>subtemulenta (Nau.), <a href="#Page_166">166</a></p> + +<p>subtilis (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_221">221</a></p> + +<p>subtortum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_158">158</a></p> + +<p>subtortus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_243">243</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_272" id="Page_272">[Pg 272]</a></span></p><p>subumbonatus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_65">65</a></p> + +<p>subviscifera (Clito.), <a href="#Page_242">242</a></p> + +<p>subzonatum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_161">161</a></p> + +<p>succinea (Col.), <a href="#Page_52">52</a></p> + +<p>sudora (Myc.), <a href="#Page_40">40</a></p> + +<p>sudum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_22">22</a></p> + +<p>suffrutescens (Lent.), <a href="#Page_112">112</a></p> + +<p>suillus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_187">187</a></p> + +<p>sulcata (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_220">220</a></p> + +<p>sulcata (Stro.), <a href="#Page_211">211</a></p> + +<p>sulcato-crenatus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_238">238</a></p> + +<p>sulcatula (Stro.), <a href="#Page_211">211</a></p> + +<p>sulcatus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_77">77</a></p> + +<p>sulfurinus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_181">181</a></p> + +<p>sulphureum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_23">23</a></p> + +<p>supina (Myc.), <a href="#Page_44">44</a></p> + +<p>suratus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_184">184</a></p> + +<p>sylvestre (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_215">215</a></p> + +<p>Syrjense (Heb.), <a href="#Page_159">159</a></p> + +<p>syrjensis (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_78">78</a></p> + + +<p>tabacella (Nau.), <a href="#Page_165">165</a></p> + +<p>tabacina (Nau.), <a href="#Page_165">165</a></p> + +<p>tabescens (Cli.), <a href="#Page_83">83</a></p> + +<p><i>tabescens</i> (Coll.), <a href="#Page_83">83</a></p> + +<p>tabidus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_70">70</a></p> + +<p>tabularis (Cort.), <a href="#Page_188">188</a></p> + +<p>talus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_180">180</a></p> + +<p>Tamii (Flam.), <a href="#Page_173">173</a></p> + +<p>tardus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_238">238</a></p> + +<p>Tavastense (Stro.), <a href="#Page_209">209</a></p> + +<p>Tavastensis (Nau.), <a href="#Page_166">166</a></p> + +<p>Taylori (Vol.), <a href="#Page_119">119</a></p> + +<p>tegularis (Psil.), <a href="#Page_226">226</a></p> + +<p>telmatiaea (Omp.), <a href="#Page_93">93</a></p> + +<p>temperata (Vol.), <a href="#Page_120">120</a></p> + +<p>temulenta (Nau.), <a href="#Page_166">166</a></p> + +<p>tenacella (Col.), <a href="#Page_52">52</a></p> + +<p>tenax (Nau.), <a href="#Page_166">166</a></p> + +<p>tenebrosa (Ino.), <a href="#Page_151">151</a></p> + +<p>tenella (Arrh.), <a href="#Page_110">110</a></p> + +<p>tenella (Myc.), <a href="#Page_44">44</a></p> + +<p>tener (Bolb.), <a href="#Page_148">148</a></p> + +<p>tenera (Gal.), <a href="#Page_168">168</a></p> + +<p>tenerrima (Myc.), <a href="#Page_46">46</a></p> + +<p>tenuiceps (Trich.), <a href="#Page_21">21</a></p> + +<p>tenuicula (Psath.), <a href="#Page_222">222</a></p> + +<p>tenuiculus (Plut.), <a href="#Page_123">123</a></p> + +<p>tenuis (Myc.), <a href="#Page_43">43</a></p> + +<p>tenuis (Panus), <a href="#Page_115">115</a></p> + +<p>tenuissima (Gal.), <a href="#Page_170">170</a></p> + +<p>tephroleucus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_74">74</a></p> + +<p>terginus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_57">57</a></p> + +<p>tergiversans (Copr.), <a href="#Page_231">231</a></p> + +<p>Terrei (Lac.), <a href="#Page_68">68</a></p> + +<p>terreum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_21">21</a></p> + +<p>terrigena (Phol.), <a href="#Page_141">141</a></p> + +<p>tersa (Phol.), <a href="#Page_145">145</a></p> + +<p>tesquorum (Col.), <a href="#Page_55">55</a></p> + +<p>tessulatus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_98">98</a></p> + +<p>testaceocanescens (Cort.), <a href="#Page_191">191</a></p> + +<p>testaceum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_158">158</a></p> + +<p>testaceus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_181">181</a></p> + +<p>theiodes (Vol.), <a href="#Page_119">119</a></p> + +<p>theiogalus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_62">62</a></p> + +<p>thelephora (Col.), <a href="#Page_52">52</a></p> + +<p>Thomsoni (Ent.), <a href="#Page_126">126</a></p> + +<p>tigrinellus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_234">234</a></p> + +<p>tigrinum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_24">24</a></p> + +<p>tigrinus (Lent.), <a href="#Page_111">111</a></p> + +<p>tintinabulum (Myc.), <a href="#Page_41">41</a></p> + +<p>tithymalinus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_68">68</a></p> + +<p>titubans (Bolb.), <a href="#Page_147">147</a></p> + +<p>togularis (Phol.), <a href="#Page_141">141</a></p> + +<p>tomentella (Ino.), <a href="#Page_155">155</a></p> + +<p>tomentellus (Lent.), <a href="#Page_113">113</a></p> + +<p>tomentosus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_232">232</a></p> + +<p>tomentosus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_65">65</a></p> + +<p>tophaceus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_186">186</a></p> + +<p>torminosus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_66">66</a></p> + +<p>tornata (Cli.), <a href="#Page_82">82</a></p> + +<p>torpens (Psath.), <a href="#Page_221">221</a></p> + +<p>torquatus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_60">60</a></p> + +<p>torquescens (Mar.), <a href="#Page_58">58</a></p> + +<p>tortipes (Ent.), <a href="#Page_126">126</a></p> + +<p>tortuosum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_161">161</a></p> + +<p>tortuosus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_197">197</a></p> + +<p>torulosus (Panus), <a href="#Page_114">114</a></p> + +<p>torvus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_192">192</a></p> + +<p>trabea (Lenz.), <a href="#Page_116">116</a></p> + +<p>trachelina (Myc.), <a href="#Page_46">46</a></p> + +<p>traganus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_186">186</a></p> + +<p>transilvanica (Ann.), <a href="#Page_120">120</a></p> + +<p>translucens (Claud.), <a href="#Page_137">137</a></p> + +<p>transversum (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_213">213</a></p> + +<p>Trappenii (Copr.), <a href="#Page_229">229</a></p> + +<p>trechispora (Ino.), <a href="#Page_157">157</a></p> + +<p>tremens (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_104">104</a></p> + +<p>tremulus (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_103">103</a></p> + +<p>trepida (Psath'lla), <a href="#Page_219">219</a></p> + +<p>trichocephala (Phol.), <a href="#Page_145">145</a></p> + +<p><b>Tricholoma</b>, <a href="#Page_17">17</a></p> + +<p>tricholoma (Ino.), <a href="#Page_157">157</a></p> + +<p>tricolor (Lenz.), <a href="#Page_116">116</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_273" id="Page_273">[Pg 273]</a></span></p><p>tricolor (Omp.), <a href="#Page_94">94</a></p> + +<p>triformis (Cort.), <a href="#Page_195">195</a></p> + +<p>Trinii (Ino.), <a href="#Page_154">154</a></p> + +<p>triscopoda (Nau.), <a href="#Page_165">165</a></p> + +<p>triste (Trich.), <a href="#Page_21">21</a></p> + +<p>tristis (Ecc.), <a href="#Page_137">137</a></p> + +<p>triumphans (Cort.), <a href="#Page_177">177</a></p> + +<p>trivialis (Ino.), <a href="#Page_150">150</a></p> + +<p>trivialis (Lac.), <a href="#Page_67">67</a></p> + +<p>trochila (Col.), <a href="#Page_50">50</a></p> + +<p><b>Trogia</b>, <a href="#Page_117">117</a></p> + +<p>Trogii (Cli.), <a href="#Page_82">82</a></p> + +<p>trullaeformis (Cli.), <a href="#Page_85">85</a></p> + +<p>truncatum (Heb.), <a href="#Page_160">160</a></p> + +<p>truncorum (Copr.), <a href="#Page_236">236</a></p> + +<p>tuba (Cli.), <a href="#Page_87">87</a></p> + +<p>tubaeformis (Can.), <a href="#Page_107">107</a></p> + +<p><b>Tubaria</b>, <a href="#Page_171">171</a></p> + +<p>tuberculata (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_12">12</a></p> + +<p>tuberculosa (Phol.), <a href="#Page_145">145</a></p> + +<p>tuberosa (Col.), <a href="#Page_51">51</a></p> + +<p>tuberosus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_235">235</a></p> + +<p>tumescens (Arm.), <a href="#Page_16">16</a></p> + +<p>tumidum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_22">22</a></p> + +<p>tumulosa (Cli.), <a href="#Page_84">84</a></p> + +<p>turbidum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_127">127</a></p> + +<p>turbinatus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_180">180</a></p> + +<p>Turci (Lep.), <a href="#Page_132">132</a></p> + +<p>turgidus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_185">185</a></p> + +<p>turmalis (Cort.), <a href="#Page_178">178</a></p> + +<p>turpis (Lac.), <a href="#Page_67">67</a></p> + +<p>Turrissi (Can.), <a href="#Page_107">107</a></p> + +<p>turritum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_27">27</a></p> + +<p>turundus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_77">77</a></p> + +<p>tylicolor (Col.), <a href="#Page_56">56</a></p> + +<p>typhae (Psath.), <a href="#Page_222">222</a></p> + +<p>typhicola (Nau.), <a href="#Page_164">164</a></p> + +<p>tyrianthina (Cli.), <a href="#Page_81">81</a></p> + + +<p>uda (Psil.), <a href="#Page_225">225</a></p> + +<p>uliginosus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_190">190</a></p> + +<p>ulmarius (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_98">98</a></p> + +<p>umbellatus (Lent.), <a href="#Page_112">112</a></p> + +<p>umbellifera (Omp.), <a href="#Page_94">94</a></p> + +<p>umbilicata (Omp.), <a href="#Page_92">92</a></p> + +<p>umbilicatus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_197">197</a></p> + +<p>umbonatus (Can.), <a href="#Page_167">167</a></p> + +<p>umbratica (Ino.), <a href="#Page_155">155</a></p> + +<p>umbratila (Omp.), <a href="#Page_96">96</a></p> + +<p>umbrina (Ino.), <a href="#Page_153">153</a></p> + +<p>umbrinellus (Plut.), <a href="#Page_123">123</a></p> + +<p>umbrinus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_229">229</a></p> + +<p>umbrinus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_67">67</a></p> + +<p>umbrosus (Plut.), <a href="#Page_121">121</a></p> + +<p>undatus (Clitop.), <a href="#Page_135">135</a></p> + +<p>undulosa (Nau.), <a href="#Page_165">165</a></p> + +<p>unguentatum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_20">20</a></p> + +<p>unguicularis (Pleu.), <a href="#Page_104">104</a></p> + +<p>unguinosus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_79">79</a></p> + +<p>unicolor (Phol.), <a href="#Page_146">146</a></p> + +<p>unimodus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_199">199</a></p> + +<p>uraceus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_198">198</a></p> + +<p>urania (Myc.), <a href="#Page_43">43</a></p> + +<p>urbicus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_191">191</a></p> + +<p>urbum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_28">28</a></p> + +<p>urceolata (Amtop.), <a href="#Page_6">6</a></p> + +<p>urens (Mar.), <a href="#Page_56">56</a></p> + +<p>urnula (Panus), <a href="#Page_114">114</a></p> + +<p>ursinus (Lent.), <a href="#Page_113">113</a></p> + +<p>urticaecola (Psath.), <a href="#Page_224">224</a></p> + +<p>ustale (Trich.), <a href="#Page_18">18</a></p> + +<p>utilis (Lac.), <a href="#Page_69">69</a></p> + +<p>uvidus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_63">63</a></p> + + +<p>vaccinum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_20">20</a></p> + +<p>vaginata (Amtop.), <a href="#Page_6">6</a></p> + +<p>Vaillantii (Mar.), <a href="#Page_59">59</a></p> + +<p>valgus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_190">190</a></p> + +<p>valida (Aman.), <a href="#Page_5">5</a></p> + +<p>vaporarius (Panus), <a href="#Page_114">114</a></p> + +<p>variabilis (Claud.), <a href="#Page_137">137</a></p> + +<p>varicosus (Mar.), <a href="#Page_57">57</a></p> + +<p>varicus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_232">232</a></p> + +<p>variegata (Lenz.), <a href="#Page_116">116</a></p> + +<p>variegatum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_19">19</a></p> + +<p>variegatus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_180">180</a></p> + +<p>variicolor (Cort.), <a href="#Page_178">178</a></p> + +<p>varius (Cort.), <a href="#Page_178">178</a></p> + +<p>vatricosa (Ino.), <a href="#Page_157">157</a></p> + +<p>velaris (Copr.), <a href="#Page_240">240</a></p> + +<p>velatus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_232">232</a></p> + +<p>vellereus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_66">66</a></p> + +<p>velox (Copr.), <a href="#Page_237">237</a></p> + +<p>veluticeps (Col.), <a href="#Page_47">47</a></p> + +<p>velutina (Omp.), <a href="#Page_94">94</a></p> + +<p>velutinum (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_215">215</a></p> + +<p>velutinus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_74">74</a></p> + +<p>velutipes (Col.), <a href="#Page_50">50</a></p> + +<p>veneris (Cli.), <a href="#Page_81">81</a></p> + +<p>venetus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_191">191</a></p> + +<p>venosum (Ent.), <a href="#Page_128">128</a></p> + +<p>ventosa (Omp.), <a href="#Page_91">91</a></p> + +<p>ventricosa (Col.), <a href="#Page_52">52</a></p> + +<p>ventricosa (Stro.), <a href="#Page_209">209</a></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_274" id="Page_274">[Pg 274]</a></span></p><p>ventricosus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_75">75</a></p> + +<p>venusta (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_12">12</a></p> + +<p>venustissima (Cli.), <a href="#Page_81">81</a></p> + +<p>venustula (Myc.), <a href="#Page_37">37</a></p> + +<p>verecunda (Nol.), <a href="#Page_130">130</a></p> + +<p>vermicularis (Cli.), <a href="#Page_87">87</a></p> + +<p>vernalis (Aman.), <a href="#Page_4">4</a></p> + +<p>vernicosa (Cli.), <a href="#Page_81">81</a></p> + +<p>verpoides (Nyc.), <a href="#Page_110">110</a></p> + +<p>verrucipes (Arm.), <a href="#Page_16">16</a></p> + +<p>versatilis (Nol.), <a href="#Page_128">128</a></p> + +<p>versicolor (Stro.), <a href="#Page_208">208</a></p> + +<p>versipelle (Heb.), <a href="#Page_158">158</a></p> + +<p>vertiruga (Col.), <a href="#Page_50">50</a></p> + +<p>vervacti (Nau.), <a href="#Page_165">165</a></p> + +<p>vesca (Rus.), <a href="#Page_33">33</a></p> + +<p>vespertinus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_243">243</a></p> + +<p>vestita (Tub.), <a href="#Page_171">171</a></p> + +<p>vesuviana (Omp.), <a href="#Page_92">92</a></p> + +<p>veternosa (Rus.), <a href="#Page_35">35</a></p> + +<p>vibecina (Cli.), <a href="#Page_88">88</a></p> + +<p>vibratilis (Cort.), <a href="#Page_185">185</a></p> + +<p>vicina (Psil.), <a href="#Page_228">228</a></p> + +<p>vietus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_64">64</a></p> + +<p>vignolius (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_73">73</a></p> + +<p>vilis (Cli.), <a href="#Page_82">82</a></p> + +<p>vilis (Clitop.), <a href="#Page_135">135</a></p> + +<p>villosa (Phol.), <a href="#Page_144">144</a></p> + +<p>violaceafusca (Ino.), <a href="#Page_150">150</a></p> + +<p>violaceo-atrum (Hyp.), <a href="#Page_216">216</a></p> + +<p>violaceofulvus (Panus), <a href="#Page_115">115</a></p> + +<p>violaceonitens (Trich.), <a href="#Page_27">27</a></p> + +<p>violarius (Plut.), <a href="#Page_121">121</a></p> + +<p>violascens (Heb.), <a href="#Page_159">159</a></p> + +<p>violascens (Ino.), <a href="#Page_149">149</a></p> + +<p>violascens (Lac.), <a href="#Page_63">63</a></p> + +<p>vinacea (Nol.), <a href="#Page_129">129</a></p> + +<p>vinosa (Flam.), <a href="#Page_173">173</a></p> + +<p>vinosus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_187">187</a></p> + +<p>viperina (Vol.), <a href="#Page_120">120</a></p> + +<p>virescens (Psil.), <a href="#Page_225">225</a></p> + +<p>virescens (Rus.), <a href="#Page_33">33</a></p> + +<p>virgatum (Trich.), <a href="#Page_22">22</a></p> + +<p>virginea (Rus.), <a href="#Page_31">31</a></p> + +<p>virgineus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_75">75</a></p> + +<p>viridans (Ent.), <a href="#Page_125">125</a></p> + +<p>viridifluens (Nol.), <a href="#Page_130">130</a></p> + +<p>viridimarginata (Myc.), <a href="#Page_37">37</a></p> + +<p>viridis (Lac.), <a href="#Page_70">70</a></p> + +<p>virosa (Aman.), <a href="#Page_3">3</a></p> + +<p>viscidula (Tub.), <a href="#Page_172">172</a></p> + +<p>viscidus (Gomp.), <a href="#Page_212">212</a></p> + +<p>viscosus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_186">186</a></p> + +<p>vitellina (Rus.), <a href="#Page_29">29</a></p> + +<p>vitellinopes (Cort.), <a href="#Page_179">179</a></p> + +<p>vitellinus (Bolb.), <a href="#Page_147">147</a></p> + +<p>vitellinus (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_77">77</a></p> + +<p>vitilis (Myc.), <a href="#Page_44">44</a></p> + +<p>vitrea (Myc.), <a href="#Page_43">43</a></p> + +<p>Vittadinii (Lepi.), <a href="#Page_11">11</a></p> + +<p>vittaeformis (Gal.), <a href="#Page_169">169</a></p> + +<p>Viviani (Arm.), <a href="#Page_16">16</a></p> + +<p>volemus (Lac.), <a href="#Page_64">64</a></p> + +<p>volvacea (Vol.), <a href="#Page_119">119</a></p> + +<p>volvaceo-minimus (Copr.), <a href="#Page_229">229</a></p> + +<p><b>Volvaria</b>, <a href="#Page_119">119</a></p> + +<p>vopiscus (Nyc.), <a href="#Page_110">110</a></p> + +<p>vulgaris (Myc.), <a href="#Page_45">45</a></p> + +<p>vulpecula (Cli.), <a href="#Page_81">81</a></p> + +<p>vulpinus (Lent.), <a href="#Page_113">113</a></p> + + +<p>Weislandri (Nau.), <a href="#Page_167">167</a></p> + +<p>Whitei (Ino.), <a href="#Page_157">157</a></p> + +<p>Worthingtoni (Stro.), <a href="#Page_210">210</a></p> + +<p>Wynnei (Ent.), <a href="#Page_127">127</a></p> + +<p>Wynnei (Mar.), <a href="#Page_58">58</a></p> + +<p>Wynniae (Hiat.), <a href="#Page_14">14</a></p> + +<p>Wynniae (Hyg.), <a href="#Page_78">78</a></p> + + +<p>xanthodermus (Agar.), <a href="#Page_205">205</a></p> + +<p>xanthogramma (Ann.), <a href="#Page_120">120</a></p> + +<p>xanthophaea (Rus.), <a href="#Page_30">30</a></p> + +<p>xanthophylla (Cli.), <a href="#Page_90">90</a></p> + +<p>xanthopoda (Col.), <a href="#Page_52">52</a></p> + +<p>xerampelina (Rus.), <a href="#Page_29">29</a></p> + +<p>xerotoides (Mar.), <a href="#Page_59">59</a></p> + +<p><b>Xerotus</b>, <a href="#Page_116">116</a></p> + +<p>xylophila (Col.), <a href="#Page_49">49</a></p> + + +<p>zahlbruckneri (Claud.), <a href="#Page_138">138</a></p> + +<p>zephira (Myc.), <a href="#Page_38">38</a></p> + +<p>zinziberatus (Cort.), <a href="#Page_198">198</a></p> + +<p>zizyphana (Cli.), <a href="#Page_87">87</a></p> + +<p>zonarius (Agar.), <a href="#Page_207">207</a></p> + +<p>zonarius (Lac.), <a href="#Page_67">67</a></p> + +<p>zygophylla (Cli.), <a href="#Page_89">89</a></p> + + +<p class="center">CAMBRIDGE: PRINTED BY J. AND C. F. CLAY, AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="likeheading2"><a name="DUCKWORTH_CO" id="DUCKWORTH_CO"></a><i>DUCKWORTH & CO.</i></div> + + +<div class="likeheading1">IMPORTANT BOTANICAL WORKS.</div> + + +<p class="center"><i>JACKSON, B. DAYDON.</i></p> + +<p><b>A Glossary of Botanic Terms</b>, with their derivation +and accent. By <span class="smcap">Benjamin Daydon Jackson</span>, Secretary of the +Linnean Society of London. Crown 8vo. 6<i>s.</i> net.</p> + +<blockquote><p><i>Athenæum.</i>—"Every Botanist will praise this work."</p> + +<p><i>Gardeners' Chronicle.</i>—"A much needed glossary. Should find a +place in every garden library."</p> + +<p><i>Journal of Botany.</i>—"Mr Jackson has supplied what was wanting."</p> + +<p><i>Nature.</i>—"Exceedingly valuable."</p> + +<p><i>Science Gossip.</i>—"No botanist can afford to dispense with this work."</p></blockquote> + + +<p class="center"><i>PERCIVAL, JOHN.</i></p> + +<p><b>Agricultural Botany: Theoretical and Practical.</b> +By <span class="smcap">John Percival</span>, M.A., F.L.S., Professor of Botany at the +South-Eastern Agricultural College, Wye. Crown 8vo, with 265 +Illustrations by the Author. 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> net.</p> + +<p><i>Second Edition. Ready now.</i></p> + +<blockquote><p>Incorporated in the text are 265 illustrations, and over three +hundred experiments, which specially enhance the value of the book +for schools and colleges where botany, agriculture, and horticulture +are taught.</p> + +<p><i>Nature.</i>—"We have no hesitation in recommending it as <i>the</i> elementary +handbook for the agricultural student. The chapters on weeds and +on diseases of farm-plants are distinctly better than those in any previous +English works dealing with agricultural botany."</p> + +<p><i>Journal of Education.</i>—"A book which supplies what has for a long +time been felt as a serious want in the literature of agricultural textbooks.... +The book could hardly have been better."</p></blockquote> + + +<p class="center"><i>MASSEE, GEORGE.</i></p> + +<p><b>A Text-Book of Plant Diseases</b>, caused by Cryptogamic +Parasites. By <span class="smcap">George Massee</span>, F.L.S., Mycologist and +Principal Assistant, Royal Herbarium, Kew. With 92 Illustrations, +drawn from Nature by the Author. Crown 8vo. 5<i>s.</i> net.</p> + +<blockquote><p><i>Literature.</i>—"The book deserves to become the leading English textbook +on the subject."</p> + +<p><i>Farmers' Gazette.</i>—"The manual which Messrs Duckworth have so +attractively brought out for Mr Massee is one of the best of its kind that +has yet appeared."</p></blockquote> + + +<p class="center"><i>MOYLE ROGERS, THE REV. W.</i></p> + +<p><b>A Hand-book of British Rubi.</b> By the Rev. <span class="smcap">W. +Moyle Rogers</span>, F.L.S. Demy 8vo. 5<i>s.</i> net.</p> + + +<p class="center"> +DUCKWORTH & CO.<br /> +3 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.<br /> +</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="likeheading2">Transcriber's Notes.</div> + +<p>The printer used raised dots for the decimal point; they were changed to periods.</p> + +<p>The dagger symbol was used in the keys; I changed them to the plus sign.</p> + +<p>There are many inconsistencies in the way words are abbreviated, +the hyphenation, the Latin word endings and the capitalization of names, +as well as the spelling in general; +except where noted below, I left them as is.</p> + +<p>Changed "subq." to "subg." on page 11: "sp. subg. 6-7."</p> + +<p>Changed comma to period after "rufous" on page 23: "p. tinged rufous."</p> + +<p>Changed "peristently" to "persistently" on page 24: "persistently reddish flesh colour."</p> + +<p>Added missing period after "g" on page 30: "g. deep ochraceous."</p> + +<p>Sometimes the abbreviation "sp." is missing when the spores are described, such as +page 31; I left them as is. Similarly, the abbreviation "P." is sometimes missing +when the pileus is described as on page 50. I also left this as is.</p> + +<p>Added period after "var" on page 36: "var. violacea."</p> + +<p>Changed "striata" to "striate" on page 42: "striate at paler margin."</p> + +<p>Changed comma to period in entry for haematopoda on page 45: "Caespitose."</p> + +<p>Changed "mik" to "milk" on page 45: "giving out milk when broken."</p> + +<p>Changed period to comma after "lax" on page 49: "lax, campan. then exp."</p> + +<p>Changed "hariolarum" to "hariolorum" on page 51: "Differs from C. hariolorum."</p> + +<p>Although it appears that "P." should be after "Acrid.", I left it as is on page 56 +in the entry for M. urens.</p> + +<p>Changed "palllid" to "pallid" on page 56: "pallid then rufescent."</p> + +<p>The upper limit on the size of the pileus for M. plancus is missing on page 57. +I inserted an ellipsis as a placeholder.</p> + +<p>Added a period after "P" on page 57: (varicosus) "P. 1.5-3 cm."</p> + +<p>Changed "sub-umb." to "subumb." on page 58: "subumb. lilac-brown."</p> + +<p>The spore size for M. fuscopurpureus on page 57 was left as "4-3" even though that +must be in error.</p> + +<p>Changed semi-colon to comma on page 72: "with white points upwards, 3-5 cm."</p> + +<p>The authority for M. xerotoides was left as "Tr.", although "Fr." might have been +intended.</p> + +<p>Replaced "]" with ")" on page 79: "(= <i>Clitocybe Marzuolus</i>, Bres.)."</p> + +<p>The authority for C. hirneola var. undulata was missing on page 80; I inserted +"——." as a placeholder.</p> + +<p>Inserted period after "s" on page 83: "s. 7-10 cm."</p> + +<p>Changed "floccossly" to "floccosely" on page 85: "floccosely villose."</p> + +<p>Changed "yelllow" to "yellow" on page 100: "white then livid yellow."</p> + +<p>There are two entries for Cantharellus tubaeformis var. lutescens on page 107. +Although these are almost identical, I kept them both.</p> + +<p>Changed comma to period on page 108: "plano-infundib."</p> + +<p>Changed "p." to "P." on page 112: "P. thin, subdimidiate."</p> + +<p>Changed "Quelet" to "Quélet" on page 116: "Quélet says."</p> + +<p>Removed extra period after "then" on page 126: "P. campan. then exp."</p> + +<p>Changed "D.C." to "D. C." on page 140: "lamellirugis, D. C."</p> + +<p>Changed "verdegris" to "verdigris" on page 149: "tinged verdigris at base." +Also on page 175: "verdigris green."</p> + +<p>Removed replaced hyphen with space on page 149: "apex naked."</p> + +<p>Change "squarrosula" to "squarrulosa" on page 149: "squarrulosa, Karst."</p> + +<p>Inserted period after "var" on page 156: "var. major, B. and Br."</p> + +<p>Removed extra period after "campanulato" on page 161: "P. campanulato-exp."</p> + +<p>Inserted period after "g" on page 168: "g. slightly sinuate."</p> + +<p>Changed "Hypholama" to "Hypholoma" on page 175: "Habit of Hypholoma fasciculare."</p> + +<p>Changed "Sub-genera" to "Subgenera" on page 177: "Key to the Subgenera."</p> + +<p>Changed "sub-bulbous" to "subbulbous" on page 177 for consistency: "subbulbous base." +Also on page 197: "subbulbous base."</p> + +<p>Changed "fucescent" to "fuscescent" on page 188: "fuscescent with a grey bloom."</p> + +<p>Sometimes, as on page 208, the Micro character is included with the spore size. +I left these where they occurred in the original.</p> + +<p>Inserted comma after "free" on page 230: "g. free, white then black."</p> + +<p>Removed extra period after "in" on page 236: "in p. being globose."</p> + +<p>Inserted periods after "Jacobasch" and ")" on page 238 for consistency: +"Jacobasch. (= <i>Cop. intermedius</i> Gill.)."</p> + +<p>Changed "+" to "×" on page 240: (Pallassii) "sp. 12 × 4."</p> + +<p>Added missing ")" to close paragraph on page 246: "British Fungi.')"</p> + +<p>Changed "caeseriata" to "caesariata" on page 251: "caesariata (Ino.), 154."</p> + +<p>Changed "cöopertus" to "coöpertus" on page 253: "coöpertus (Copr.), 237."</p> + +<p>Changed "16" to "86" on page 256: "flaccida (Cli.), 86."</p> + +<p>Moved period inside parentheses on page 256: "ephemerus (Copr.), 237."</p> + +<p>Inserted missing page number in Index: "macrocephalus (Copr.), 234."</p> + +<p>Changed "Amv." to "Ann." on page 261: "laevis (Ann.), 120."</p> + +<p>Left inconsistent capitalization of "Var." and "var."</p> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of European Fungus Flora: Agaricaceae, by +George Massee + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK EUROPEAN FUNGUS FLORA: AGARICACEAE *** + +***** This file should be named 33013-h.htm or 33013-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/3/3/0/1/33013/ + +Produced by Peter Vachuska, Stephen H. 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