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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Number 228, March 11, 1854 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc + +Author: Various + +Other: George Bell + +Release Date: May 24, 2010 [EBook #32506] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, MAR 11, 1854 *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Archive/Canadian +Libraries) + + + + + + +</pre> + +<table border="0" cellpadding="10" style="background-color: #ccccff;"> +<tr> +<td style="width:25%; vertical-align:top"> +Transcriber's note: +</td> +<td> +A few typographical errors have been corrected. They +appear in the text <span class="correction" title="explanation will pop up">like this</span>, and the +explanation will appear when the mouse pointer is moved over the marked +passage. +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p><!-- Page 213 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page213"></a>{213}</span></p> + +<h1>NOTES AND QUERIES:</h1> + +<h2>A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC.</h2> + +<h3><b>"When found, make a note of."</b>—<span class="sc">Captain Cuttle</span>.</h3> + +<hr class="full" /> + + +<table width="100%" class="nomar" summary="masthead" title="masthead"> + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left; width:25%"> + <p><b>No. 228.</b></p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:center; width:50%"> + <p><b><span class="sc">Saturday, March 11. 1854</span></b></p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:25%"> + <p><b>Price Fourpence<br />Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></p> + </td> + </tr> +</table> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>CONTENTS.</h2> + + +<table width="100%" class="nomar" summary="Contents" title="Contents"> + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left; width:94%"> + <p><span class="sc">Notes</span>:—</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:5%"> + <p>Page</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Where are the Wills to be deposited?</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page215">215</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>"J. R. of Cork"</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page217">217</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Marmortinto, or Sand-painting</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page217">217</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>The Soldier's Discipline, from a Broadside of the Year 1642</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page218">218</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Leading Articles of Foreign Newspapers</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page218">218</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Minor Notes</span>:—Materials for a History + of Druidism—Domestic Chapels—Ordinary—Thom's Irish + Almanac and Official Directory for 1854—Antiquity of the Word + "Snub"—Charles I. at Little Woolford—Coincidence between + Sir Thomas Browne and Bishop Ken—The English School of + Painting—"A Feather in your Cap"</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page219">219</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Queries</span>:—</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Domestic Architecture: Licences to Crenellate, by J. H. Parker</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page220">220</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Dixon of Beeston, by R. W. Dixon, J.P.</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page221">221</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Minor Queries</span>:—Atherstone + Family—Classic Authors and the Jews—Bishop Hooper's + Argument on the Vestment Controversy—The Title of + "Dominus"—The De Rous Family—Where was the Fee of S. + Sanxon?—Russian Emperors—Episcopal Insignia of the + Eastern Church—Amontillado Sherry—Col. Michael Smith's + Family—Pronunciation of Foreign Names—Artesian + Wells—Norman Towers in London—Papyrus—Mathew, a + Cornish Family</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page221">221</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Minor Queries with Answers</span>:—Bunyan's + Descendants—Epigram on Dennis—Football played on Shrove + Tuesday—Vossioner, its Meaning—The Game of Chess—A + Juniper Letter</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page223">223</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Replies</span>:—</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Clarence</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page224">224</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Milton's Widow, by T. Hughes</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page225">225</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Three Fleurs-de-Lys</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page225">225</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Books burned by the Common Hangman, by C. H. Cooper, &c.</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page226">226</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Different Productions of different Carcases</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page227">227</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Vandyke in America, by J. Balch</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page228">228</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Photographic Correspondence</span>:—Cyanide + of Potassium—Mode of exciting Calotype Paper—The Double + Iodide Solution: Purity of Photographic Chemicals—Hyposulphite + of Soda Baths</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page230">230</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Replies to Minor Queries</span>:—Daughters + taking their Mothers' Names—The Young Pretender—A Legend + of the Hive—Hoby Family—Anticipatory Use of the + Cross—Longevity—"Nugget"—The fifth Lord + Byron—Wapple, or Whapple-way—The + Ducking-stool—Double Christian Names—Pedigree to the Time + of Alfred—Palace of Lucifer—Monaldeschi—Anna + Lightfoot—Lode, &c.</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page230">230</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Miscellaneous</span>:—</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Notes on Books, &c.</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page234">234</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Books and Odd Volumes wanted</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page234">234</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Notices to Correspondents</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page235">235</a></p> + </td> + </tr> +</table> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">Now ready, No. VI., 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, published +Quarterly.</p> + + <p>RETROSPECTIVE REVIEW (New Series); consisting of Criticisms upon, + Analyses of, and Extracts from, Curious, Useful, Valuable, and Scarce Old + Books.</p> + + <p>Vol. I., 8vo., pp. 436, cloth 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, is also + ready.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">JOHN RUSSELL SMITH, 36. Soho Square, +London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">THE ECLECTIC REVIEW for +MARCH, price 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, contains:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>1. D'Israeli.—A Literary and Political Biography.</p> + <p>2. The Theory of Food.</p> + <p>3. The Autobiography of a Dissenting Minister.</p> + <p>4. Lord Holland's History of the Whig Party.</p> + <p>5. Sanitary Farming.</p> + <p>6. St. John's Search of Beauty.</p> + <p>7. Christianity, and its Modern Assailants.</p> + <p>8. The Caucasus, and the Country between the Euxine and the Caspian.</p> + <p class="i2">Review of the Month, &c.</p> + </div> + </div> + +<p class="cenhead">THE HOMILIST for MARCH, +price 1<i>s.</i>, contains:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>1. The Master Impulse of True Progress.</p> + <p>2. Hinderance to Prayer. By Rev. David Cook, Dundee.</p> + <p>3. The Terrible Hypothesis; or the Irrevocable Fate.</p> + <p>4. Saul; or, Humanity Consciously Deserted of God.</p> + <p>5. The Widow's Mite; or the Transcendent Worth of True Feeling.</p> + <p>6. The Burial of Christ; a Display of Three-fold Power.</p> + <p>7. Psalm 47,—the Moral Mirror of the Good.</p> + <p>8. The Genius of the Gospel.</p> + <p class="i2">Reviews, &c.</p> + </div> + </div> + +<p class="cenhead">WARD & CO., 27. Paternoster Row.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">Valuable LITURGICAL WORKS.</p> + + <p>LITURGIES OF QUEEN ELIZABETH.—Liturgical Services, 1558-1601; + being the Liturgies and occasional Forms of Prayer set forth in the reign + of Queen Elizabeth. Now first collected and edited, with Preface and + Notes, by WM. KEATINGE CLAY, B.D., Canon of Ely. One handsome volume, + 8vo., containing 695 pp. beautifully printed at the Cambridge University + Press. Cloth extra, price 5<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">Also,</p> + + <p>PRIVATE PRAYERS put forth by Authority during the reign of Queen + Elizabeth. Including the Primer of 1559; the Orarium of 1560; the Preces + Privatæ, 1564; the Book of Christian Prayers of 1578; with an Appendix + containing the Litany of 1544. Now first collected and edited, with + Preface and Notes, by WM. KEATINGE CLAY, B.D., Canon of Ely. One handsome + volume, 8vo., containing 576 pp., beautifully printed at the Cambridge + University Press. Cloth extra. Price 5<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">London: WILLIAM BROWN, 130, 131, and +132. Old Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>BURKE'S PEERAGE AND BARONETAGE for 1854. THE REVISED AND IMPROVED + EDITION OF THE PEERAGE AND BARONETAGE for 1854.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">By SIR J. BERNARD BURKE, +Ulster King of Arms,</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Is NOW READY AT ALL THE BOOKSELLERS.</p> + + <p>Published for HENRY COLBURN, by his Successors, HURST & BLACKETT, + 13. Great Marlborough Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>TO BOOK COLLECTORS.—MILLARD'S CATALOGUE of 10,000 vols. of + Second-hand Books, Gratis: including Encyclopædia Britannica, 7th and + last edition, cloth, 16 guineas; another half russia, gilt, 17 Guineas; + another, 6th edition, calf, fine copy, 12 Guineas. Illustrated London + News, complete to end of 1853, clean as new, cloth, 13<i>l.</i> + 10<i>s.</i> Penny Cyclopædia and Supplement, 29 vols., half calf, + 7<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i> Henry's Bible, by Bickersteth, 6 vols. 4to., new + half calf, 4<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i> Dr. Adam Clarke's Bible, 6 vols. cloth, + new, 2<i>l.</i> 15<i>s.</i> D'Oyly's and Mant's Bible, 3 vols. 4to., new, + half calf, 3<i>l.</i>; large paper, calf, 3<i>l.</i> 13<i>s.</i> + 6<i>d.</i> Nash's Mansions of England, 4 vols. fol., new, half morocco, 8 + Guineas. Abbotsford Waverley Novels, 12 vols., new, half calf, extra, 9 + Guineas. Magistrate's Edition of Statutes, 1835 to 1852, 18 vols. 4to., + half law calf, 6 Guineas. Tegg's London Encyclopædia, 45 vols., uncut, + 4<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i> Taylor's Edition of Plato's Works, 5 vols. 4to., + half morocco, 5 Guineas.—Libraries purchased.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">70. NEWGATE STREET, LONDON.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>A CATALOGUE OF A COLLECTION OF ANCIENT AND MODERN BOOKS, comprising + History, Biography, Fine Arts, Chess, Poetry, Drama, Voyages, and + Travels, including a Collection of Works relating to America. Offered for + Sale at the exceedingly low prices for Cash only, by CHARLES SKEET, 10. + King William Street, Charing Cross.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">To be had Gratis on application.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">CHOICE AND VALUABLE BOOKS.</p> + + <p>MESSRS. UPHAM & BEET (late RODWELL) having recently made great + addition to their EXTENSIVE STOCK OF BOOKS in all Languages, beg + respectfully to invite an inspection of them. 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Pall Mall.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">Multæ terricollis linguæ, cœlestibus una.</p> + + <div class="figleft" style="width:10%;"> + <a href="images/bagster.png"><img style="width:100%" src="images/bagster.png" + alt="monogram" title="monogram" /></a> + </div> +<h3>SAMUEL BAGSTER +AND SONS'</h3> + + <p>GENERAL CATALOGUE is now Free by Post. It contains Lists of Quarto + Family Bibles: Ancient English Translations: Manuscript-notes Bibles; + Polyglot Bibles in every variety of Size and Combination of Languages; + Parallel-passages Bibles; Greek Critical and other Testaments; Polyglot + Books of Common Prayer; Psalms in English, Hebrew, and many other + Languages, in great variety; Aids to the Study of the Old Testament and + of the New Testament; and Miscellaneous Biblical and other Works. By Post + Free.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">London: SAMUEL BAGSTER & SONS, +15. Paternoster Row.</p> + +<p class="cenhead"><span title="Pollai men thnêtois Glôttai, mia d' Athanatoisin" class="grk">Πολλαι μεν θνητοις Γλωτται, μια δ' Αθανατοισιν</span></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p><!-- Page 215 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page215"></a>{215}</span></p> + +<h3>WHERE ARE THE WILLS TO BE DEPOSITED?</h3> + + <p>The difficulties thrown in the way of all literary and historical + inquiries, by the peculiar constitution of the Prerogative Office, + Doctors' Commons, have long been a subject of just complaint. An attempt + was made by <span class="sc">The Camden Society</span>, in 1848, to + procure their removal, by a Memorial addressed to the Archbishop of + Canterbury, which we now print, because it sets forth, plainly and + distinctly, the nature and extent of those difficulties.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + +<p class="cenhead">"To the Most Rev. and the Right Hon. The Lord +Archbishop of Canterbury.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">"The humble Memorial of the President and Council +of the Camden Society, respectfully showeth,</p> + + <p>"That the Camden Society was instituted in the year 1838, for the + publication of early historical and literary remains.</p> + + <p>"It has the honour to be patronised by H.R.H. the Prince Albert; and + has supported, from its institution, by the countenance and subscription + of your Grace's predecessor in the See of Canterbury.</p> + + <p>"The Society has published forty volumes of works relating to English + History, and continues to be actively engaged in researches connected + with the same important branch of literature.</p> + + <p>"In the course of its proceedings, the Society has had brought under + its notice the manner in which the regulations of the Prerogative Office + in Doctors' Commons interfere with the accuracy and completeness of works + in the preparation of which the Council is now engaged, and with the + pursuits and labours of all other historical inquirers; and they beg + leave respectfully to submit to your Grace the results of certain + investigations which they have made upon the subject.</p> + + <p>"Besides the original wills deposited in the Office of the Prerogative + Court, there is kept in the same repository a long series of register + books, containing copies of wills entered chronologically from <span + class="scac">A.D.</span> 1383 to the present time. These registers or + books of entry fall practically into two different divisions or classes. + The earlier and the latter books contain information suited to the wants + of totally different kinds of persons, and applicable to entirely + different purposes. Their custody is also of very different importance to + the office. The class which is first both in number of books and in + importance contains entries of modern wills. These are daily consulted by + relatives of testators, by claimants and solicitors, principally for + legal purposes, and yield a large revenue to the office in fees paid for + searches, inspections, and copies. The second class, which comprises a + comparatively small number of volumes, contains entries of ancient wills, + dated before the period during which wills are now useful for legal + purposes. These are never consulted by lawyers or claimants, nor do they + yield any revenue to the office, save an occasional small receipt from + the Camden Society, or from some similar body, or private literary + inquirer.</p> + + <p>"With respect to the original wills, and the entries of modern wills, + your memorialists beg to express clearly that this application is not + designed to have any reference to them. Your memorialists confine their + remarks exclusively to the books of entries of those ancient wills which + have long and unquestionably ceased to be useful for legal purposes.</p> + + <p>"These entries of ancient wills are of the very highest importance to + historical inquirers. They abound with illustrations of manners and + customs; they exhibit in the most authentic way the state of religion, + the condition of the various classes of the people, and of society in + general; they are invaluable to the lexicographer, the genealogist, the + topographer, the biographer,—to historical writers of every order + and kind. They constitute the most important depository in existence of + exact information relating to events and persons of the period to which + they relate.</p> + + <p>"But all this information is unavailable in consequence of the + regulations of the office in which the wills are kept. All the books of + entry, both of ancient and modern wills, are kept together, and can only + be consulted in the same department of the same office, in the same + manner and subject to precisely the same restrictions and the same + payments. No distinction is made between the fees to be paid by a + literary person who wishes to make a few notes from wills, perhaps three + or four hundred years old, in order to rectify a fact, a name, a date, or + to establish the proper place of a descent in a pedigree, or the exact + meaning of a doubtful word, and the fees to be paid by the person who + wants a copy of a will proved yesterday as evidence of a right to + property perhaps to be established in a court of justice. No extract is + allowed to be made, not even of a word or a date, except the names of the + executors and the date of the will. Printed statements in historical + books, which refer to wills, may not be compared with the wills as + entered; even ancient copies of wills handed down for many generations in + the families of the testators, may not be examined in the registered + wills without paying the office for making new and entire copies.</p> + + <p>"No such restrictions exclude literary inquirers from the British + Museum, where there are papers equally valuable. The Public Record + Offices are all open, either gratuitously or upon payment of easy fees. + The Secretary of State for the Home Department grants permission of + access to her Majesty's State Paper Office. Your Grace's predecessor gave + the Camden Society free access to the registers of wills at + Lambeth—documents exactly similar to those at Doctors' Commons. The + Prerogative Office is, probably, the only public office in the kingdom + which is shut against literary inquirers.</p> + + <p>"The results of such regulations are obvious. The ancient wills at + Doctors' Commons not being accessible to those to whom alone they are + useful, yield scarcely any fees to the office; historical inquirers are + discouraged; errors remain uncorrected; statements of facts in historical + works are obliged to be left uncertain and incomplete; the researches of + the Camden Society and other similar societies are thwarted; and all + historical inquirers regard the condition of the Prerogative Office as a + great literary grievance.</p> + +<p><!-- Page 216 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page216"></a>{216}</span></p> + + <p>"The President and Council of the Camden Society respectfully submit + these circumstances to your Grace with a full persuasion that nothing + which relates to the welfare of English historical literature can be + uninteresting either to your Grace personally, or to the Church over + which you preside; and they humbly pray your Grace that such changes may + be made in the regulations of the Prerogative Office as may assimilate + its practice to that of the Public Record Office, so far as regards the + inspection of the books of entry of ancient wills, or that such other + remedy may be applied to the inconveniences now stated as to your Grace + may seem fit.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"(Signed) <span class="sc">Braybrooke</span>, President.</p> + <p><span class="sc">Thomas Amyot</span>, Director.</p> + <p><span class="sc">Henry Ellis.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">J. Payne Collier</span>, Treas.</p> + <p><span class="sc">Harry Verney.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">H. H. Milman.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">Joseph Hunter.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">William J. Thoms</span>, Sec.</p> + <p><span class="sc">Chs. Purton Cooper.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">Thos. Stapleton.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">Wm. Durrant Cooper.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">Peter Levesque.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">Thos. J. Pettigrew.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">John Bruce.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">Beriah Botfield.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">Bolton Corney.</span></p> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>25. Parliament Street, Westminster,</i></p> + <p><i>13 April, 1848.</i>"</p> + </div> + </div> + +</blockquote> + + <p>As the Archbishop stated his inability to afford any relief, <span + class="sc">The Camden Society</span> availed themselves of the + appointment of the Commission to inquire into the Law and Jurisdiction of + the Ecclesiastical and other Courts in relation to Matters Testamentary, + to address to those Commissioners, in the month of January, 1853, a + Memorial, of which the following is a copy:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"To the Right Honourable and Honourable the Commissioners appointed by + Her Majesty to inquire into the Law and Jurisdiction of the + Ecclesiastical and other Courts in relation to Matters Testamentary.</p> + + <p>"My Lords and Gentlemen,</p> + + <p>"We, the undersigned, being the President and Council of the Camden + Society, for the Publication of Early Historical and Literary Remains, + beg to submit to your consideration a copy of a Memorial presented on the + 13th April, 1848, by the President and then Council of this Society, to + his Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury, praying that such changes might + be made in the regulations of the Prerogative Office as might assimilate + its practice to that of the Public Record Office, so far as regards the + inspection of the books of entry of ancient Wills, or that such other + remedy might be applied to the inconveniences stated in that Memorial as + to his Grace might seem fit.</p> + + <p>"In reply to that Memorial his Grace was pleased to inform the + Memorialists that he had no control whatever over the fees taken in the + Prerogative Office.</p> + + <p>"The Memorialists had not adopted the course of applying to his Grace + the Archbishop until they had in vain endeavoured to obtain from the + authorities of the Prerogative Office, Messrs. Dyneley, Iggulden, and + Gostling, some modification of their rules in favour of literary + inquirers. The answer of his Grace the Archbishop left them, therefore + without present remedy.</p> + + <p>"The grievance complained of continues entirely unaltered up to the + present time.</p> + + <p>"In all other public repositories to which in the course of our + inquiries we have had occasion to apply, we have found a general and + predominant feeling of the national importance of the cultivation of + literature, and especially of that branch of it which relates to the past + history of our own country. Every one seems heartily willing to promote + historical inquiries. The Public Record Offices are now opened to persons + engaged in literary pursuits by arrangements of the most satisfactory and + liberal character. His Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury gives + permission to literary men to search such of the early registers of his + See as are in his own possession at Lambeth. Access is given to the + registers of the Bishop of London; and throughout the kingdom private + persons having in their possession historical documents are almost + without exception not only willing but anxious to assist our inquiries. + The authorities of the Prerogative Office in Doctors' Commons, perhaps, + stand alone in their total want of sympathy with literature, and in their + exclusion of literary inquirers by stringent rules, harshly, and in some + instances even offensively, enforced.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i4hg3">"We have the honour to be,</p> + <p class="i2hg3">"My Lords and Gentlemen,</p> + <p class="hg3">"Your most obedient and very humble servants,</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>(Signed) <span class="sc">Braybrooke</span>, President.</p> + <p><span class="sc">John Bruce</span>, Director.</p> + <p><span class="sc">C. Purton Cooper.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">J. Payne Collier</span>, Treas.</p> + <p><span class="sc">W. R. Drake.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">Edwd. Foss.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">Peter Levesque.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">Strangford.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">W. H. Blaauw.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">W. Durrant Cooper.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">Bolton Corney.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">Henry Ellis.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">Lambert B. Larking.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">Fredk. Ouvry.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">Wm. J. Thoms</span>, Sec.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>25. Parliament Street, Westminster,</i></p> + <p><i>January, 1853.</i>"</p> + </div> + </div> + +</blockquote> + + <p>A Report from that Commission has been laid before Parliament; and a + Bill for carrying into effect the recommendations contained in such + Report, and transferring the powers of the Prerogative Court to the Court + of Chancery, has been introduced into the House of Lords. The Bill + contains no specific enactments as to the custody of the Wills.</p> + + <p>Now, therefore, is the time for all who are interested in Historical + Truth to use their best endeavours to procure the insertion of such + clauses as shall place the Wills under the same custody as the other + Judicial Records of the country, namely, that of Her Majesty's Keeper of + Records.</p> + + <p>With Literature represented in the House of Lords by a Brougham and a + Campbell, in the Commons by a Macaulay, a Bulwer, and a D'Israeli, let + but the real state of the case be once made public, and we have no fear + but that the interests of English Historical Literature will be cared for + and maintained.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p><!-- Page 217 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page217"></a>{217}</span></p> + +<h2>Notes.</h2> + +<h3>"J. R. OF CORK."</h3> + + <p>My gifted and lamented countryman "The Roscoe of Cork"<a + name="footnotetag1" href="#footnote1"><sup>[1]</sup></a> deserves more + notice in these pages, which he has enriched by his contributions, than + the handsome obituary of our Editor (Vol. vii., p. 394.); so a few words + is with reference to him may be acceptable.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Mr. James Roche</span> was born in Limerick some + eighty-three years ago, of an ancient and wealthy family. At an early + period of his life he was sent to France, and educated in the Catholic + College of Saintes. After completing his studies, and paying a short + visit to Ireland, he settled in Bordeaux, where he became acquainted with + the most distinguished leaders of the Girondists.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Mr. Roche</span> was in Paris during the horrors of + the first Revolution, and in 1793 was arrested there as a British + subject, but was released on the death of Robespierre. For some years + after his liberation, he passed his time between Paris and Bordeaux. At + the close of the last century, he returned to Ireland; and commenced + business in Cork as a banker, in partnership with his brother. He resided + in a handsome country seat near the river Lee, and there amassed a + splendid library.</p> + + <p>About the year 1816, a relative of mine, a wealthy banker in the same + city, got into difficulties, and met with the kindest assistance from + <span class="sc">Mr. Roche</span>. In 1819 his own troubles came on, and + a monetary crisis ruined him as well as many others. All his property was + sold, and his books were brought to the hammer, excepting a few with + which his creditors presented him. I have often tried, but without + success, to get a copy of the auction catalogue, which contained many + curious lots,—amongst others, I am informed, Swift's own annotated + copy of <i>Gulliver's Travels</i>, which <span class="sc">Mr. + Roche</span> purchased in Cork for a few pence, but which produced pounds + at the sale. <span class="sc">Mr. Roche</span>, after this, resided for + some time in London as parliamentary agent. He also spent several years + in Paris, and witnessed the revolution of 1830. Eventually he returned to + Cork, where he performed the duties of a magistrate and director of the + National Bank, until his death in the early part of 1853.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Mr. Roche</span> was intimately acquainted with many + of the great men and events of his time, especially with everything + concerning modern French history and literature.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Mr. Roche</span> was remarkable for accurate + scholarship and extensive learning: the affability of his manners, and + the earnestly-religious tone of his mind, enhanced his varied + accomplishments.</p> + + <p>For a number of years he contributed largely to various periodicals, + such as the <i>Gentleman's Magazine</i>, the <i>Dublin Review</i>, and + the <i>Literary Gazette</i>; and the signature of "J. R. of Cork" was + welcome to all, while it puzzled many.</p> + + <p>In 1851 he printed <i>for private circulation</i>, <i>Essays Critical + and Miscellaneous</i>, by an Octogenarian, 2 vols.; printed by G. Nash, + Cork. Some of these Essays are reprints, others are printed for the first + time. The work was reviewed in the <i>Dublin Review</i> for October, + 1851.</p> + + <p>A "Sketch of J. R. of Cork" was published in July, 1848, in Duffy's + <i>Irish Catholic Magazine</i>, which I have made use of in this Note. My + object in the present Note is to suggest that <span class="sc">Mr. + Roche's</span> Reminiscences and Essays should be given to the public, + from whom I am well assured they would receive a hearty welcome.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Eirionnach.</span></p> + +<div class="note"> + <a name="footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b><a + href="#footnotetag1">(return)</a> + <p><span class="sc">Mr. Roche</span> is thus happily designated by the + Rev. Francis Mahony in <i>The Prout Papers</i>.</p> + +</div> +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>MARMORTINTO, OR SAND-PAINTING.</h3> + + <p>There appeared in a late number of <i>The Family Friend</i>, an + article on the above process. The writer attributes its invention to + Benjamin Zobel of Bavaria; and states, that although some few persons + have attempted its revival, in no instance has success attended such + efforts. This is not correct. There was a German confectioner to King + George III. whom I knew well. His name was Haas; and those acquainted + with Bristol will recollect his well-frequented shop, nearly opposite the + drawbridge on the way to College Green, where he resided forty years ago, + after retiring from his employment at Court. There he was often engaged + in decorating ceilings, lying on his back for weeks together on a + scaffold for the purpose. He also ornamented the plateaus for the royal + table; and he understood the art of sand-painting, and practised it in + the highest perfection. Whether he preceded Zobel, or came after him, at + Windsor Castle, I cannot tell; but I can testify that he was perfect + master of the art in question. I have seen him at work upon his + sand-pictures. He had the marble dust of every gradation of colour in a + large box, divided into small compartments; and he applied it to the + picture by dropping it from small cones of paper.</p> + + <p>The article in <i>The Family Friend</i> describes the process of Zobel + to have consisted of a previous coating of the panel for the picture with + a glutinous solution, over which the marble dust was strewed from a piece + of cord. Haas used small cones of paper; and my impression from seeing + him at work was, that he sprinkled the sand on the dry panel, and fixed + the whole finally at once by some process which he kept a secret. For I + remember how careful he was to prevent the window or door from being + opened, so as to cause a draught, before he had fixed his picture; and I + <!-- Page 218 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page218"></a>{218}</span>have heard him lament the misfortune of + having had one or two pictures blown away in this manner.</p> + + <p>The effect of his sand-pictures was extraordinary. They stood out in + bold relief, and with a brilliancy far surpassing any oil painting. As + may be supposed, this style of painting was particularly adapted for + landscapes and rocky scenery; and it enabled the artist to finish foliage + with a richness which nothing could surpass. Mr. Haas' collection of his + sand-paintings was a rich treat to inspect. After his death, they were + sold and dispersed; but many must be found in the collections of + gentlemen in Bristol and its neighbourhood.</p> + + <p class="author">F. C. H.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>THE SOLDIER'S DISCIPLINE, FROM A BROADSIDE +OF THE YEAR 1642.</h3> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"<i>The Grounds of Military Discipline: or, Certain Brief Rules for + the Exercising of a Company or Squadron.</i></p> + +</blockquote> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i4"><i>Observed by all.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>In march, in motion, troop or stand,</p> + <p>Observe both leader and right hand;</p> + <p>With silence note in what degree</p> + <p>You in the body placed be:</p> + <p>That so you may, without more trouble,</p> + <p>Know where to stand, and when to double.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i4"><i>Distances.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>True distance keep in files, in ranks</p> + <p>Open close to the front, reare, flanks,</p> + <p>Backward, forward, to the right, left, or either,</p> + <p>Backward and forward both together.</p> + <p>To the right, left, outward or in,</p> + <p>According to directions given.</p> + <p>To order, close, open, double,</p> + <p>Distance, distance, double, double:</p> + <p>For this alone prevents distraction,</p> + <p>And giveth lustre to the action.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i4"><i>Facings.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Face to the right, or to the left, both wayes to the reare,</p> + <p>Inward, outward, and as you were:</p> + <p>To the front, reare, flanks, and peradventure</p> + <p>To every angle, and to the centre.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i4"><i>Doublings.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>To bring more hands in the front to fight,</p> + <p>Double ranks unto the right,</p> + <p>Or left, or both, if need require,</p> + <p>Direct divisionall or intire:</p> + <p>By doubling files accordingly,</p> + <p>Your flanks will strengthened be thereby.</p> + <p>Halfe files and bringers-up likewise</p> + <p>To the front may double, none denies;</p> + <p>Nor would it very strange appear</p> + <p>For th' front half files or double the reare:</p> + <p>The one half ranks to double the other,</p> + <p>Thereby to strengthen one the other.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i4"><i>Countermarches.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>But lest I should seen troublesome,</p> + <p>To countermarches next I come.</p> + <p>Which, though they many seem to be,</p> + <p>Are all included in these three:</p> + <p>Maintaining, gaining, losing ground,</p> + <p>And severall wayes to each is found:</p> + <p>By which their proper motion's guided,</p> + <p>In files, in ranks, in both divided.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i4"><i>Wheeling.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Wheel your batten ere you fight,</p> + <p>For better advantage to the right,</p> + <p>Or left, or round about</p> + <p>To either angle, or where you doubt</p> + <p>Your enemie will first oppose you;</p> + <p>And therefore unto their Foot close you.</p> + <p>Divisionall wheeling I have seen</p> + <p>In sundrie places practis'd been,</p> + <p>To alter either form or figure,</p> + <p>By wheeling severall wayes together.</p> + <p>And, had I time to stand upon 't,</p> + <p>I'de wheele my wings into the front.</p> + <p>By wheeling flanks into the reare,</p> + <p>They'll soon reduce them as they were.</p> + <p>Besides, it seems a pretty thing</p> + <p>To wheel, front, and reare to either wing:</p> + <p>Wheele both wings to the reare and front;</p> + <p>Face to the reare, and having done 't,</p> + <p>Close your divisions; even your ranks,</p> + <p>Wheel front and reare into both flanks:</p> + <p>And thus much know, cause, note I'll smother,</p> + <p>To one wheeling doth reduce the other.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i4"><i>Conversion and Inversion.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>One thing more and I have done;</p> + <p>Let files rank by conversion:</p> + <p>To th' right, or th' left, to both, and then</p> + <p>Ranks by conversion fill again:</p> + <p>Troop for the colours, march, prepare for fight,</p> + <p>Behave yourselves like men, and so good night.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>The summe of all that hath been spoken may be comprised thus:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Open, close, face, double, countermarch, wheel, charge, retire;</p> + <p>Invert, convert, reduce, trope, march, make readie, fire."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Anon.</span></p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>LEADING ARTICLES OF FOREIGN NEWSPAPERS.</h3> + + <p>The foreign correspondence of the English press is an invaluable + feature of that mighty engine of civilisation and progress, for which the + world cannot be too thankful; but as the agents in it at Paris, Berlin, + Vienna, &c., are more or less imbued with the insular views and + prejudices which they carry with them from England, Scotland, or Ireland, + it were well if the daily journals devoted more attention than they do to + the <i>leading articles</i> of the Continental press, which is frequently + distinguished by great ability and interest, and would <!-- Page 219 + --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page219"></a>{219}</span>enable + Englishmen, not versed in foreign languages, to judge, from another point + of view, of Continental affairs—now becoming of surpassing interest + and importance. Translations or abstracts of the leading articles of + <i>The Times</i>, <i>Morning Chronicle</i>, <i>Morning Post</i>, &c., + are constantly to be met with in the best foreign papers. Why should not + our great London papers more frequently gratify their readers with + articles from the pens of their Continental brotherhood? This would + afford an opportunity also of correcting the false statements, or + replying to the erroneous judgments put forth and circulated abroad by + writers whose distinguished position enables them, unintentionally no + doubt, to do the more mischief. A surprising change for the better, + however, as respects Great Britain, is manifest in the tone and + information of the foreign press of late years. Let us cherish this good + feeling by a corresponding demeanour on our part.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Alpha.</span></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Minor Notes.</h2> + + <p><i>Materials for a History of Druidism.—</i></p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"It would be a commendable, useful, and easy task to collect what the + ancients have left us on the subject of Druidism. Such a collection would + form a very small but interesting volume. It would supersede, in every + library, the idle and tedious dreams and conjectures of the Stukeleys, + the Borlases, the Rowlands, the Vallanceys, the Davies's, the Jones's, + and the Whitakers. Toland's work on the Druids, though far from + unexceptionable, has more solid intelligence than any other modern + composition of its kind. It is a pity that he or some other person has + not given as faithful translations of the Irish Christian MSS. which he + mentions, as these have, no doubt, preserved much respecting Druidical + manners and superstitions, of which many vestiges are still existing, + though not of the kind usually referred to."</p> + + <p>"The Roman history of Britain can only be collected from the Roman + writers; and what they have left is very short indeed. It might be + disposed of in the way recommended for the History of the + Druids."—Douce's notes on Whitaker's <i>History of Manchester</i>, + vol. i. p. 136. of Corrections in Book i., ibid. p. 148.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Anon.</span></p> + + <p><i>Domestic Chapels.</i>—There is an interesting example of a + domestic chapel, with an upper chamber over it for the chaplain's + residence, and a ground floor underneath it for some undiscoverable + purpose, to be seen contiguous to an ancient farm-house at Ilsam, in the + parish of St. Mary Church, in the county of Devon.</p> + + <p>The structure is quite ecclesiastical in its character, and appears to + have been originally, as now, detached from the family house, or only + connected with it by a short passage leading to the floor on which the + chapel itself stood.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">John James.</span></p> + + <p><i>Ordinary.</i>—The following is a new meaning for the word + <i>ordinary</i>:—"Do ye come in and see my poor man, for he is + <i>piteous ordinary</i> to-day." This speech was addressed to me by a + poor woman who wished me to go and see her husband. He was ordinary + enough, although she had adorned his head with a <i>red</i> night-cap; + but her meaning was evidently that he was far from well; and Johnson's + <i>Dictionary</i> does not give this signification to the word.</p> + + <p>A cottage child once told me that the dog opened his mouth "a power + wide."</p> + + <p class="author"><a href="images/oldewn.png"><img src="images/oldewn.png" class="middle" style="height:2ex" alt="Old English W. N." /></a></p> + + <p><i>Thom's Irish Almanac and Official Directory for 1854.</i>—In + the advertisement prefixed to this valuable compilation, which, according + to the <i>Quarterly Review</i>, "contains more information about Ireland + than has been collected in one volume in any country," we may find the + following words:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"All parliamentary and official documents procurable, have been + collected; and their contents, so far as they bore on the state of the + country, carefully abstracted; and where any deficiencies have been + observable, the want has been supplied by applications to private + sources, which, in every instance, have been most satisfactorily + answered. He [Mr. Thom] is also indebted to similar applications to the + ruling authorities of the several religious persuasions <i>for the + undisputed accuracy of the ecclesiastical department of the + Almanac</i>."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>I wish to call attention to the latter words; and in so doing, I + assure you, I feel only a most anxious desire to see some farther + improvements effected by Mr. Thom.</p> + + <p>I cannot allow "the undisputed accuracy of the ecclesiastical + department," inasmuch as I have detected, even on a cursory examination, + very many inaccuracies which a little care would certainly have + prevented. For example, in p. 451. (<i>Ecclesiastical Directory</i>, + Established Church and Diocese of Dublin), there are at least five grave + mistakes, and four in the following page. These pages I have taken at + random. I could easily point out other pages equally inaccurate; but I + have done enough I think to prove, that while I willingly accord to the + enterprising publisher the full meed of praise he so well deserves, a + little more attention should be paid in future to the preparation of the + ecclesiastical department.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Abhba.</span></p> + + <p><i>Antiquity of the Word "Snub."</i>—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Beware we then euer of discontente, and <i>snubbe</i> it betimes, + least it overthrowe us as it hath done manie."</p> + + <p>"Such <i>snubs</i> as these be little cloudes."—<i>Comfortable + Notes on Genesis</i>, by Gervase Babington, Bishop of Exeter, 1596.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author">J. R. P.</p> + + <p><i>Charles I. at Little Woolford.</i>—There is an ancient house + at Little Woolford (in the <!-- Page 220 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page220"></a>{220}</span>southeast corner of Warwickshire) + connected with which is a tradition that Charles I., after the battle of + Edge Hill, which is not far distant, secreted himself in an oven there. + This oven is preserved for the inspection of the curious.</p> + + <p class="author">B. H. C.</p> + + <p><i>Coincidences between Sir Thomas Browne and Bishop + Ken.</i>—Sir Thomas Browne wrote his <i>Religio Medici</i> in + 1533-5; and in it suggested some familiar verses of the "Evening Hymn" of + his brother Wykehamist Bishop Ken. The lines are as follows:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i2"><i>Sir Thomas Browne.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Guard me 'gainst those watchful foes,</p> + <p>Whose eyes are open, while mine close;</p> + <p>Let no dreams my head infest,</p> + <p>But such as Jacob's temples blest:</p> + <p>Sleep is a death: oh, make me try,</p> + <p>By sleeping, what it is to die!</p> + <p>And as gently lay my head</p> + <p>On my grave, as now my bed.</p> + <p>Howe'er I rest, great God, let me</p> + <p>Awake again at last with Thee."</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i2"><i>Bishop Ken.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Let no ill dreams disturb my rest;</p> + <p>No powers of darkness me molest.</p> + <p>Teach me to live, that I may dread</p> + <p>The grave as little as my bed:</p> + <p>Teach me to die, that so I may</p> + <p>Rise glorious at the awful day.</p> + <p>Oh, may my soul on Thee repose,</p> + <p>And with sweet sleep mine eyelids close;</p> + <p>Sleep that may me more vigorous make,</p> + <p>To serve my God when I awake."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>I have never seen this curious coincidence noticed by any of the good + bishop's biographers, Hawkins, Bowles, or Mr. Anderdon.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Mackenzie Walcott, M.A.</span></p> + + <p><i>The English School of Painting.</i>—In a note to a volume of + poems by Victor Hugo, published in 1836, occur these remarks:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"M. Louis Boulanger, à qui ces deux ballades sont dédiées, s'est placé + bien jeune au premier rang de cette nouvelle génération de peintres, qui + promet d'élever notre école au niveau des magnifiques écoles d'Italie, + d'Espagne, de Flandre, et d'Angleterre."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Does this praise of the English school of painting show a correct + appreciation of its claims to distinction? or am I in error in supposing, + as I have done, that our school of painting is not entitled to the + pompous epithet of "magnifique," nor to be named in the same category + with the Italian, Spanish, and Flemish schools? I am aware of the + hackneyed and somewhat hyperbolical employment, by French writers and + speakers, of such terms as <i>magnifique</i>, <i>superbe</i>, + <i>grandiose</i>; and that they do not convey to a French ear the same + idea of superiority, as they do to our more sober English judgment; but + making every allowance on this score, I confess I was not a little + startled to find such a term as <i>magnifique</i>, even in its most + moderate acceptation, applied to our efforts in that branch of art. + <i>Magnifique</i>, in truth, must be our school, when the French can + condescend to speak of it in such language!</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Henry H. Breen.</span></p> + + <p class="address">St. Lucia.</p> + + <p>"<i>A Feather in your Cap.</i>"—My good friend Dr. Wolff + mentioned in conversation a circumstance (also stated, I fancy, in his + <i>Journey to Bokhara</i>) which seemed to afford a solution of the + common expression, "That's a feather in your cap." I begged he would give + it me in writing, and he has done so. "The Kaffr Seeyah Poosh (meaning + the infidels in black clothing) living around Cabul upon the height of + the mountains of the Himalaya, who worship a god called Dagon and Imra, + are great enemies of the Muhamedans; and for each Muhamedan they kill, + they wear a feather in their heads. The same is done among the + Abyssinians and Turcomans."</p> + + <p>Has the feather head-dress of the American Indian, and the eagle's + feather in the bonnet of the Highlander, any connexion with keeping a + score of the deaths of the enemies or game they have killed?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Alfred Gatty.</span></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Queries.</h2> + +<h3>DOMESTIC ARCHITECTURE: LICENCES TO CRENELLATE.</h3> + + <p>Previous to the publication of the second volume of the <i>Domestic + Architecture of the Middle Ages</i>, you were kind enough to insert some + Queries for me respecting existing remains of houses of the fourteenth + century, which elicited some useful Notes, partly through your columns + and partly from private friends who were thus reminded of my wants. I am + now preparing for the press the third and concluding volume of that work, + comprising the period from the reign of Richard II. to that of Henry + VIII. inclusive. I shall be glad of information of any houses of that + period remaining in a tolerably perfect state, in addition to those + mentioned in the <i>Glossary of Architecture</i>. I have reason to + believe that there are many; and one class, the halls of the different + guilds, seem to have been generally overlooked.</p> + + <p>With the kind assistance of Mr. Duffus Hardy, I have obtained a + complete list of the licences to crenellate contained in the Patent + Rolls, and some other records preserved in the Tower. Most of these have + the name of the county annexed; but there are a few, of which I add a + list, in which no county is mentioned, and local information is necessary + in order to identify them. Perhaps some <!-- Page 221 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page221"></a>{221}</span>of your numerous + readers will be able to assist me.</p> + +<p class="cenhead"><i>Licences to Crenellate.</i></p> + +<table class="allbctr" summary="Licences to Crenellate." title="Licences to Crenellate."> +<tr><td class="allb" style="text-align:center"> When granted. </td><td class="allb" style="text-align:center"> Name of Place. </td><td class="allb" style="text-align:center"> To whom granted. </td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertb"> 22 Edward I. </td><td class="vertb"> Melton. </td><td class="vertb"> John de Cokefeld. </td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertb"> 17 Edward II. </td><td class="vertb"> Molun. </td><td class="vertb"> Raymond de Grismak. </td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertb"> 5 Edward III. </td><td class="vertb"> Newton in Makerfeld. </td><td class="vertb"> Robert de Langeton. </td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertb"> 9 Edward III. </td><td class="vertb"> Esselyngton. </td><td class="vertb"> Robert de Esselyngton.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertb"> 12 Edward III. </td><td class="vertb"> Cublesdon. </td><td class="vertb"> John Trussell. </td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertb"> Ditto. </td><td class="vertb"> La Beche. </td><td class="vertb"> Nicholas de la Beche. </td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertb"> Ditto. </td><td class="vertb"> Beaumes. </td><td class="vertb"> Ditto. </td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertb"> 15 Edward III. </td><td class="vertb"> Pringham. </td><td class="vertb"> Reginald de Cobham. </td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertb"> Ditto. </td><td class="vertb"> Orkesdene. </td><td class="vertb"> Ditto. </td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertb"> Ditto. </td><td class="vertb"> Stanstede. </td><td class="vertb"> Robert Burghchier. </td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertb"> 16 Edward III. </td><td class="vertb"> Credonio. </td><td class="vertb"> Bernard de Dalham. </td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertb"> Ditto. </td><td class="vertb"> Heyheved. </td><td class="vertb"> William Lengleys. </td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertbotb"> 18 Edward III. </td><td class="vertbotb"> Chevelyngham. </td><td class="vertbotb"> Thomas de Aeton. </td></tr> +</table> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. H. Parker.</span></p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>DIXON OF BEESTON.</h3> + + <p>Will the Editor be kind enough to insert the accompanying letter, for + <i>if true</i> it is worthy of a place in the heraldic portion of "N. + & Q.," and <i>if not true</i>, its imposture should stand recorded? + On receiving it I sent a copy to my brother, Mr. J. H. Dixon, an able + antiquary, and late of the council of the Percy Society, who, somewhat + too hastily I think, and without sufficient proof, rejected the + information offered. That the family which my brother represents is a + "good old" one, is sufficiently attested by the pedigree furnished by + Thoresby in the <i>Ducatus Leodiensis</i>, and thence copied by Mr. Burke + in his <i>Landed Gentry</i>; but of its earlier history there is no + reliable account, unless that by Mr. Spence can be considered such.</p> + + <p>I shall feel very much obliged if any of your correspondents learned + in the genealogies of Yorkshire and Cheshire could either corroborate the + genuineness of the information tendered by Mr. Spence, or prove the + reverse; and it is only fair to that gentleman to add that he is entitled + to credibility on the written testimony of the Rev. Mr. Knox, Incumbent + of Birkenhead.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">R. W. Dixon, J.P.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Seaton Carew, co. Durham.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Sir,</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>Having been engaged by Miss Cotgreave, of Notherlegh House, near + Chester, to inspect and arrange the title-deeds and other documents which + belonged to her father, the late Sir John Cotgreave, I find a very + ancient pedigree of the Cotgreaves de Hargrave in that county; which + family became extinct in the direct male line in the year 1724, but which + was represented through females by the above Sir J. C.</p> + + <p>It is the work of the great Camden, anno 1598, from documents in the + possession of the Cotgreave family, and contains the descents of five + generations of the Dixons of Beeston, in the county of York, and + Congleton, Cheshire, together with their marriages and armorial bearings, + commencing with "Ralph Dixon, Esq., de Beeston and Congleton, living + temp. Hen. VI., who was slain whilst fighting on the part of the + Yorkists, at the battle of Wakefield, <span class="scac">A.D.</span> + 1460."</p> + + <p>Presuming that you are descended from this ancient family, I will (if + you think proper) transmit to you extracts from the aforesaid pedigree, + as far as relates to your distinguished progenitors, conditionally that + you remunerate me for the information and definition of the armorial + bearings, there being five shields, containing twelve quarterings + connected with the family of Dixon.</p> + + <p>Miss Cotgreave will allow me to make the extracts, and has kindly + consented to attest the same.</p> + + <p>The arms of Dixon, as depicted in the Cotgreave pedigree, are "Sable, + a fleur-de-lis or, a chief ermine," quartering the ensigns of the noble + houses of "Robert Fitz-Hugh, Baron of Malpas in the county of Chester, + temp. William the Conqueror; Eustace Crewe de Montalt, Lord of Hawarden, + Flintshire, during the said reign; Robert de Umfreville, Lord of Tours, + and Vian, and Reddesdale, in Northumberland, who flourished in the same + reign also; Pole, Talboys, Welles, Latimer," and others.</p> + + <p>In the pedigree, Camden states that the aforesaid "Ralph Dixon + quartered the ensigns of the above noble families in right of his mother + Maude, daughter and co-heiress of Sir Ralph Fitz-Hugh de Congleton and + Elton in the county palatine of Chester."</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i2">I have the honour to be, Sir,</p> + <p class="i4">Your very obedient humble servant,</p> + <p class="i6"><span class="sc">William Sidney Spence.</span></p> + <p>Priory Place, Birkenhead,</p> + <p class="i4">Chester.</p> + <p class="i2">Dec. 14. 1848.</p> + </div> + </div> + +</blockquote> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Minor Queries.</h2> + + <p><i>Atherstone Family.</i>—Can any of your readers oblige me with + information concerning the Atherstone family? Is it an old name, or was + it first given some three or four generations back to a foundling, picked + up near the town of Atherston?</p> + + <p class="author">M. A. B.</p> + + <p><i>Classic Authors and the Jews.</i>—Where can I find a complete + or full account of passages in Greek and Latin authors, which refer to + Judea and the Jews? It has been said that these references are very few, + and that in Cicero, for instance, there is not one. This last is wrong, I + know. (See <i>e.g.</i> Cic. <i>Pro L. Flacco</i>, 28., and <i>De Prov. + Consul. 5.</i>)</p> + + <p class="author">B. H. C.</p> + + <p><i>Bishop Hooper's Argument on the Vestment + Controversy.</i>—Glocester Ridley, in his <i>Life of Bishop + Ridley</i>, p. 315., London, 1763, states, in reference to Bishop + Hooper's <i>Book to the Council against the use of those Habits which + were then used by the Church of England in her sacred Ministries</i>, + written October, 1550, "Part of Hooper's book I have by me in MS." Could + any one state whether that MS. is now in existence, or where it is to be + found? It is of much importance to obtain <!-- Page 222 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page222"></a>{222}</span>an answer to this + inquiry, as Bishop Ridley's MS. Reply to Bishop Hooper is, for the first + time, about to be printed by the Parker Society, through the kind + permission of its possessor, Sir Thomas Phillipps, Bart., in the second + volume of the Writings of Bradford which I am editing; and, to make + Ridley's reply fully intelligible, access is needed to Bishop Hooper's + <i>Book to the Council</i>.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">A. Townsend.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Weston Lane, Bath,</p> + + <p class="address">February 23.</p> + + <p><i>The Title of "Dominus."</i>—How is it that at Cambridge the + title of <i>Dominus</i> is applied to B.A.'s, while at Oxford it is + confined to the doctorate?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. Fraser.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Tor-Mohun.</p> + + <p><i>The De Rous Family.</i>—Hugh Rufus, or De Rous, was Bishop of + Ossory, <span class="scac">A.D.</span> 1202. He had been previously an + Augustinian Canon of Bodmin, in Cornwall. Query, Was he a cadet of the + ancient family of De Rous; and if so, what was his descent?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">James Graves.</span></p> + + <p><i>Where was the Fee of S. Sanxon?</i>—At the end of "Ordericus + Vitalis," in the <i>Gesta Normannorum</i>, is a list called the "Feoda + Normanniæ," wherein, under the title "Feoda Ebroic.," occurs the + entry:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"S. Sanxon dim. f. in friche."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>Francis Drake, in his <i>Antiquities of York</i>, London, 1736, p. + 70., speaks of "Sampson, or <i>Sanxo</i>," the archbishop of that see; + and elsewhere mentions the parish church of S. Sampson, "called by some + Sanxo."</p> + + <p>What I wish to ask is, Where was this half fee of S. Sanxon? Whether + it had any connexion with Sanson sur Rille? And whether it was the place + from which "Ralph de S. Sanson" or "Sanson Clericus" of the <i>Domesday + Book</i>, who was afterwards Bishop of Worcester, derived his name?</p> + + <p class="author">* *</p> + + <p><i>Russian Emperors.</i>—Is there any truth in a rumour that was + current two or three years since respecting the limited period that was + placed upon the reign of any Russian monarch? Twenty-five years was the + time stated, at the termination of which the Emperor had to abdicate. As + this period has elapsed, and no abdication has taken place by the present + Autocrat, some one may perhaps be able to state how such a statement + originated, and upon what grounds?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Thos. Crosfield.</span></p> + + <p><i>Episcopal Insignia of the Eastern Church.</i>—Having seen in + a late number of the <i>Illustrated London News</i> (Feb. 11, 1854) a + peculiarly shaped episcopal staff, with a cross rising from between two + in-curved dragons' heads, which is represented in the hand of the + metropolitan of Wallachia, I would be glad to know whether this form is + peculiar to any branch of the Eastern Church. A reference to a work of + authority on the subject will oblige a provincialist.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">James Graves.</span></p> + + <p><i>Amontillado Sherry.</i>—What is the real meaning of this + epithet? A friend, who had travelled in Spain, and visited some famous + cellars at Xeres, told me that the peculiar flavour of the Amontillado + Sherry was always an accidental result of mixing butts of wine brought to + the merchant by a variety of growers. I mentioned this to another friend + who had the wine on his table; and he ridiculed the account, saying that + the Amontillado Sherry was from a grape peculiar to the district. What + district, I could not ascertain.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Alfred Gatty.</span></p> + + <p><i>Col. Michael Smith's Family.</i>—Perhaps some of your readers + may be enabled to give me some information of the family of Smith, to + which Col. Michael Smith, Lieut.-Governor of Nevis about 1750, + belongs.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">A West Indian.</span></p> + + <p><i>Pronunciation of Foreign Names.</i>—How shall we pronounce + Sinope, Citate, and many other words which are now becoming familiar to + our eyes? I think the bookseller who should give us a vocabulary of + proper names of foreign persons and places, with the correct + pronunciation attached, would be encouraged by an extensive sale. So far + as my knowledge extends, such a work is a desideratum.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Thinks I to Myself.</span></p> + + <p><i>Artesian Wells.</i>—One who is about to dig a well on his + land would be glad to know:—1. Whether, in all cases, artesian + wells are preferable? 2. If yes, why they are not universally adopted, + and whether they are more expensive then the common sort? 3. If not + preferable in all cases, in what cases they are preferable?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Stylites.</span></p> + + <p><i>Norman Towers in London.</i>—Can you inform me it there is + any other church in the city of London with a Norman tower, besides + Allhallows, Mark Lane? which, by the bye, has been colour-washed: I + suppose, to preserve it!</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. W. Brown.</span></p> + + <p><i>Papyrus.</i>—Where, or of whom, can a specimen of Papyrus be + obtained?</p> + + <p class="author">R. H.</p> + + <p class="address">Islington.</p> + + <p><i>Mathew, a Cornish Family.</i>—I am anxious to know the + connexion of a family of Mathew, late of Tresungar, co. Cornwall, with + any stock in Wales; and I will gladly defray any necessary expense of + search, if can attain this object. The descent of a family of the name, + apparently the same from the arms, in an old recueil of Devonshire + families, is headed "nuper de Walliâ;" and a visitation of that county + ascribes their bearing <!-- Page 223 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page223"></a>{223}</span>(a stork) to a marriage with an heir of + Starkey, which I have been unable to verify. A Visitation of Cornwall, to + which I have had access, gives a grant, or probably a confirmation of the + arms by Cooke. If this celebrated Herald's grants are on record, some + clew would probably be found; but I doubt not that many of your readers + well versed in genealogical research can readily answer my Query, and I + trust to their kindness to do so.</p> + + <p class="author">B.</p> + + <p class="address">Birkenhead.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Minor Queries with Answers.</h2> + + <p><i>Bunyan's Descendants.</i>—As a recent Query respecting John + Bunyan may lead to some notices of his descendants, perhaps I may be + informed in what edition of his works it is stated that a branch of his + family settled in Nottingham? for I find in the burgess-roll of that + borough that George Bunyan was entered freeman in 1752. William Bunyan, + lieutenant in the navy, 1767; Thomas Bunyan, hosier, 1776. In event of + the above story being verified, a pedigree may possibly be extracted + hereafter from the parish registers of the town. As far as my own + examination goes, the editions in the British Museum afford no + corroboration to what I have heard.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Furvus.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Plumstead Common.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[We have been favoured with the following article on this subject from + George Offor, Esq., of Hackney:</p> + + <p>"<i>Where are John Bunyan's Descendants?</i>—It is natural to + inquire after the ancestors and descendants of great men, although + experience proves that intellectual greatness runs not in blood, for + earth's <i>great</i> and most illustrious sons descended from and left + descendants who merged among the masses of her <i>little</i> ones. Of his + ancestors Bunyan boasted not, but pleaded with the readers of the first + edition of his <i>Sighs from Hell</i>, 'Be not ashamed to own me because + of my low and contemptible descent in the world.' From the life of the + great dreamer, appended to my second edition of Bunyan's works (Blackie, + Glasgow), it appears that he left three children: Thomas, a valuable + member of his church; Joseph, who settled in Nottingham; and Sarah. + Joseph is named by one of Bunyan's earliest biographers, who told his + father that 'a worthy citizen of London would take him apprentice without + money, which might be a great means to advance him; but he replied to me, + <i>God did not send him to advance his family, but to preach the + Gospel</i>.'</p> + + <p>"The Rev. J. H. A. Rudd of Bedford and Elstow has most kindly searched + the registers of Elstow and Goldington, and has discovered some + interesting entries; and, as his numerous engagements will permit, he + will search the registry of the parish churches in Bedford and its + vicinity. Information would be most acceptable relative to Bunyan's + father and mother, his two wives, and his children, John, Elizabeth, and + Mary, who died in his life-time; and also as to Joseph. If your + correspondent <span class="sc">Furvus</span> would search the registers + at Nottingham, he might discover some valuable records of that branch of + the family. Bunyan is said to have been baptized about 1653; and in the + Elstow register it appears that his daughter Mary was registered as + <i>baptized</i> July 20, 1650, while his next daughter, Elizabeth, is on + the register as <i>born</i> April 14, 1654, showing the change in his + principles, as to infant baptism, to have taken place between those + periods. The family Bible given by John Bunyan to his son Joseph, now in + my possession, confirms the statement verbally communicated to me by his + descendant Mrs. Senegar, that her great-grandfather Joseph, having + conformed to please his rich wife, was anxious to conceal his affinity to + the illustrious tinker. The registers contained in it begin with Joseph's + son Thomas and Susannah his wife, and it is continued to Robert Bunyan, + born 1775, and who was lately living at Lincoln. I should be most happy + to show the Bible and copies of registers in my possession to any one who + will undertake to form a genealogy."</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">George Offor.</span>]</p> + </div> + </div> + +</div> + + <p><i>Epigram on Dennis.</i>—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Should Dennis publish you had stabb'd your brother,</p> + <p>Lampoon'd your monarch, or debauch'd your mother," &c.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>is printed as by Savage in Johnson's <i>Life of Savage</i>. In the + notes to <i>The Dunciad</i>, i. 106., it is said to be by Pope. <i>Utri + credemus?</i></p> + + <p class="author">S. Z. Z. S.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[From the fact, that this epigram was not only attributed to Pope, in + the notes to the second edition of <i>The Dunciad</i>, published in 1729, + but also in those of 1743, the joint edition of Pope and Warburton, and + both published before the death of Pope, it seems extremely probable that + he was the author of it; more especially as he had been exasperated by a + twopenny tract, of which Dennis was suspected to be the writer, called + <i>A True Character of Mr. Pope and his Writings</i>; printed for S. + Popping, 1716. D'Israeli however, in his <i>Calamities of Authors</i>, + art. "The Influence of a bad Temper in Criticism," quoting it from Dr. + Johnson, conjectures it was written on the following occasion: "Thomson + and Pope charitably supported the veteran Zoilus at a benefit play, and + Savage, who had nothing but a verse to give, returned them very poetical + thanks in the name of Dennis. He was then blind and old, but his critical + ferocity had no old age; his surliness overcame every grateful sense, and + he swore as usual, 'They could be no one's but that <i>fool</i> + Savage's,' an evidence of his sagacity and brutality. This perhaps + prompted 'the fool' to take this fair revenge and just chastisement." + After all, Dr. Johnson, who was at that time narrating Savage's intimate + acquaintance with Pope, may have attributed to the former what seems to + have been the production of the latter.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Football played on Shrove Tuesday.</i>—The people of this and + the neighbouring towns invariably play at football on Shrove Tuesday. + What is the origin of the custom? and does it extend to other + counties?</p> + + <p class="author">J. P. S.</p> + + <p class="address">Dorking.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>["Shrove-tide," says Warton, "was formerly a season of extraordinary + sport and feasting. There was <!-- Page 224 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page224"></a>{224}</span>anciently a feast immediately preceding + Lent, which lasted many days, called <i>Carniscapium</i>. In some cities + of France an officer was annually chosen, called Le Prince d'Amoreux, who + presided over the sports of the youth for six days before Ash Wednesday. + Some traces of these festivities still remain in our Universities." In + these degenerate days more is known, we suspect, of pancakes and + fritters, than of a football match and a cock-fight:—the latter, we + are happy to say, is now almost forgotten among us. As to the pancake + custom, no doubt that is most religiously observed by the readers of "N. + & Q.," in obedience to the rubric of the <i>Oxford Sausage</i>:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Let glad Shrove Tuesday bring the pancake thin,</p> + <p>Or fritter rich, with apples stored within."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>According to Fitz-Stephen, "After dinner, all the youths go into the + fields to play at the ball. The scholars of every school have their ball + and bastion in their hands. The ancient and wealthy men of the city come + forth on horseback to see the sport of the young men, and to take part of + the pleasure, in beholding their agility." And till within the last few + years:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i8hg3">"... The humble play</p> + <p>Of trap or football on a holiday,</p> + <p>In Finsbury fields,"—</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>was sufficiently common in the neighbourhood of London and other + places. See Brande's <i>Popular Antiquities</i>, vol. i. pp. 63-94. + (Bohn's edition), and Hone's <i>Every-Day Book</i>, vol. i. pp. 244. + 255-260.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Vossioner; its Meaning.</i>—In looking over a parcel of brass + rubbings made some years since, I find the word <i>vossioner</i> used, + and not knowing its signification, I should be glad to be enlightened on + the subject; but, in order to enable your readers to judge more + correctly, I think it better to copy the whole of the epitaph in which + the word occurs. The plate is in Ufton Church, near Southam, county + Warwick; it measures eighteen inches in width by sixteen deep.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Here lyeth the boddyes of Richard Hoddomes, Parsson and Pattron and + <i>Vossioner</i> of the Churche and Parishe of Oufton, in the Countie of + Warrike, who died one Mydsomer Daye, 1587. And Margerye his Wiffe + w<sup>th</sup> <i>her</i> seven Childryn, as namelye, Richard, + <i>John</i>, and <i>John</i>, Anne, Jane, Elizabeth, Ayles, <i>his</i> + iiii Daughters, <i>whose soule</i> restethe with God."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>I give the epitaph <i>verbatim</i>, with its true orthography. There + are some curious points in this epitaph. First, the date of the death of + the clergyman only is given; second, the children are called <i>hers</i>, + while the four daughters are <i>his</i>; and two of the sons bear the + same Christian name, whilst only one <i>soul</i> is said to rest with + God. The family is represented kneeling. Above the inscription, and + between the clergyman and his lady, is a desk, on which is represented + two books lying open before them.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. B. Whitborne.</span></p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[Vossioner seems to be corruption of the Italian <i>vossignor</i>, + your lord, or the lord, <i>i.e.</i> owner or proprietor. Many similar + words were introduced by the Italian ecclesiastics inducted into Church + livings during the sixteenth century. The inscription is given in + Dugdale's <i>Warwickshire</i>, vol. i. p. 358.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>The Game of Chess.</i>—At what period was the noble game of + chess introduced into the British Isles; and to whom are we indebted for + its introduction among us?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">B. Ashton.</span></p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[The precise date of the introduction of this game into Britain is + uncertain. What has been collected respecting it will be found in the + Hon. Daines Barrington's paper in <i>Archæologia</i>, vol. ix. p. 28.; + and in Hyde's treatise, <i>Mandragorias, seu Historia Shahiludii</i>. + Oxoniæ, 1694.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>A Juniper Letter.</i>—Fuller, in describing a letter written + by Bishop Grosthead to Pope Innocent IV., makes use of a curious epithet, + of which I should be glad to meet with another instance, if it be not + simply a "Fullerism":</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Bishop Grouthead offended thereat, wrote Pope Innocent IV. such a + <i>juniper letter</i>, taxing him with extortion and other vicious + practices."—<i>Church History</i>, book <span + class="scac">III.</span>, <span class="scac">A.D.</span> 1254.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author">J. M. B.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>["A juniper lecture," meaning a round scolding bout, is still in use + among the canting gentry.]</p> + +</div> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Replies.</h2> + +<h3>CLARENCE.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. ix., p. 85.)</p> + + <p>Clarence is beyond all doubt the district comprehending and lying + around the town and castle of Clare in Suffolk, and not, as some have + fancifully supposed, the town of Chiarenza in the Morea. Some of the + crusaders did, indeed, acquire titles of honour derived from places in + eastern lands, but certainly no such place ever gave its name to an + honorary feud held of the crown of England, nor, indeed, has <i>ever</i> + any English sovereign to this day bestowed a territorial title derived + from a place beyond the limits of his own nominal dominions; the latest + creations of the kind being the earldoms of Albemarle and Tankerville, + respectively bestowed by William III. and George I., who were both + nominally kings of Great Britain, <i>France</i>, and Ireland. In ancient + times every English title (with the exception of Aumerle or Albemarle, + which exception is only an apparent one) was either personal, or derived + from some place in England. The ancient earls of Albemarle were not + English peers by virtue of that earldom, but by virtue of the tenure of + lands in England, though, being the holders of a Norman earldom, they + were known in England by their higher designation, just as some of the + <!-- Page 225 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page225"></a>{225}</span>Barons De Umfravill were styled, even in + writs of summons, by their superior Scottish title of Earl of Angos. If + these earls had not held English fees, they would not have been peers of + England any more than were the ancient Earls of Tankerville and Eu. In + later times the strictness of the feudal law was so far relaxed, that in + two or three instances English peers were created with territorial titles + derived from places in the Duchy of Normandy.</p> + + <p>As to the locality of Clarence, see Sandford's <i>Genealogical + History</i>, 1707, p. 222. There is a paper on the subject in the + <i>Gentleman's Magazine</i> for November, 1850. The king of arms called + Clarenceux, or in Latin <i>Clarentius</i>, was, as it has been very + reasonably conjectured, originally a herald retained by a Duke of + Clarence. (Noble's <i>History of the College of Arms</i>, p. 61.) Hoping + ere long to send you some notes respecting certain real or seeming + anomalies amongst our English dignities, I reserve some particulars which + may, perhaps, farther elucidate the present question.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Goldencross.</span></p> + + <p>Your correspondent <span class="sc">Honoré de Mareville</span> has + wandered too far in going to the Morea to search for this title. Clare in + Suffolk was one of the ninety-five manors in that county bestowed by the + Conqueror upon Richard Fitzgilbert, who (as well as his successor + Gilbert) resided at Tunbridge, and bore the surname of De Tonebruge. His + grandson Richard, the first Earl of Hertford, fixed his principal seat at + Clare, and thenceforth the family took the surname of De Clare; and in + the Latin documents of the time the several members of it were styled + <i>Ricardus</i> (or <i>Gilbertus</i>), <i>Dominus Clarensis</i>, <i>Comes + Hertfordiensis</i>. The name of the lordship thus becoming the family + surname, it is easy to see how in common usage the formal epithet + <i>Clarensis</i> soon became Clarence, and why Lionel, the son of Edward + III., upon his marriage with Elizabeth de Burgh, the grand-niece and + heiress of the last Gilbertus Clarensis, should choose as the title for + his dukedom the surname of the great family of which he had now become + the representative.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Vokaros.</span></p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>MILTON'S WIDOW.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. viii., pp. 12. 134. 200. 375. 452. 471. 544. +594.)</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Garlichithe</span> is again on the wrong scent. In + his first communication on this subject, he allowed himself to go astray + by mistaking Randle Minshull the <i>grandfather</i> for Randle Minshull + the <i>son</i>; and now, with the like fatality, he fails to discriminate + between Richard Minshull the <i>uncle</i>, and Richard Minshull the + <i>brother</i>, of Elizabeth Milton. A second examination of my Reply in + Vol. viii., p. 200., will suffice to show him that Richard Minshull, the + party to the deed there quoted, was named by me as the <i>brother</i>, + and not the <i>uncle</i>, of Milton's widow, and that therefore his + argument, based on disparity of age, &c., falls to the ground. On the + other hand, Richard Minshull of Chester, to whom the letter alluded to + was addressed, was the brother of Randle Minshull of Wistaston, and by + the same token, uncle of Elizabeth Milton, and of Richard Minshull, her + brother and co-partner in the deed already referred to.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Garlichithe</span>, and all others who have taken an + interest in this discussion, will now, I trust, see clearly that there + has been nothing adduced by either <span class="sc">Mr. Marsh</span> or + myself inconsistent with ages or dates; but that, on the contrary, all + our premises and conclusions are borne out by evidence clear, + irreproachable, and incontestable.</p> + + <p>All objections being now, as I conceive, fully combated and disposed + of, the substance of our investigations may be summed up in a very few + words. The statement of Pennant, adopted by all succeeding writers, to + the effect that Elizabeth, the widow of John Milton, was a daughter of + Sir Edward Minshull of Stoke, is clearly proved to be a fiction. It has + been farther proved, from the parish registers, as well as from bonds and + other documentary evidence, that she was, without doubt, the daughter of + Randle Minshull of Wistaston, a village about three miles from Nantwich; + that she was the cousin of Milton's familiar friend, Dr. Paget, and as + such became entitled to a legacy under the learned Doctor's will, and + that she is expressly named by Richard Minshull as his sister in the deed + before quoted.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">T. Hughes.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Chester.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>THREE FLEURS-DE-LYS.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. ix., pp. 35. 113.)</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Devoniensis</span> is informed that an example of + this occurs in the arms of King James's School, Almondbury, Yorkshire. + The impression, as taken from the great seal of the school, in which + however the colours are not distinguished, may be imperfectly described + as follows: Three lions (two over one) passant gardant ——, on + a chief ——, three fleurs-de-lys ——.</p> + + <p>As it is not unlikely that some other of King James's foundations may + have the same arms, it would be considered a favour if any reader of "N. + & Q." possessing the information would communicate the proper colours + in this case, or even the probable ones.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Camelodunensis.</span></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Devoniensis</span> is quite right in supposing that + the bearing of three fleurs-de-lys alone, horizontal, in the upper part + of the shield,—in other words, <!-- Page 226 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page226"></a>{226}</span>in chief, + fess-ways,—is a very rare occurrence. I know of no instance of it + in English blazon. Coupled with another and principal charge, as a fess, + a chevron, a lion, &c.; or in a chief, it is common enough. Nor have + I ever met with an example of it in French coat-armour. An English + family, named Rothfeld, but apparently of German extraction, gives: + Gules, two fleurs-de-lys, in chief, ermine. Du Guesclin bore nothing like + a fleur-de-lys in any way. The armorial bearings of the famous Constable + were: Argent, a double-headed eagle, displayed, sable, crowned, or, + debruised of a bend, gules.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">John o' the Ford.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Malta.</p> + + <p>P.S.—Since writing the above, I have read three replies (Vol. + ix., p. 84.), which do not appear to me to exactly meet the Query of + <span class="sc">Devoniensis</span>.</p> + + <p>I understand the question to be, does any English family bear simply + three fleurs-de-lys, in chief, fess-ways—without any additional + charge? And in that sense my reply above is framed.</p> + + <p>The first example given by <span class="sc">Mr. Mackenzie + Walcott</span> would be most satisfactory and conclusive of the existence + of such a bearing, could it be verified; but, unfortunately, in the + <i>Heraldic Dictionaries</i> of Berry and Burke, the name even of + Trilleck or Trelleck does not occur. And in Malta, I have no opportunity + of consulting Edmondson or Robson.</p> + + <p>Your correspondent A. B. (p. 113.) has mistaken the three white lilies + for fleurs-de-lys in the arms of Magdalen College, Oxford. Waynflete, the + founder, was also Provost of Eton, and adopted the device from the + bearings of that illustrious school; by which they were borne in allusion + to St. Mary, to whom that College is dedicated.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Mackenzie Walcott, M.A.</span></p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>BOOKS BURNED BY THE COMMON HANGMAN.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. viii., pp. 272. 346. 625.; Vol. ix., p. 78.)</p> + + <p>The well-known law dictionary, entitled <i>The Interpreter</i>, by + John Cowel, LL.D., was burned (1610) under a proclamation of James I. + (D'Israeli's <i>Calamities of Authors</i>, ed. 1840, p. 133.)</p> + + <p>In June, 1622, the Commentary of David Pare, or Paræus <i>On the + Epistle to the Romans</i>, was burned at London, Oxford, and Cambridge, + by order of the Privy Council. (Wood's <i>Hist. and Antiq. of Univ. of + Oxford</i>, ed. Gutch, vol. ii. pp. 341-345.; Cooper's <i>Annals of + Cambridge</i>, vol. iii. pp. 143, 144.)</p> + + <p>On the 12th of February, 1634, <i>Elenchus Religionis Papisticæ</i>, + by John Bastwicke, M.D., was ordered to be burned by the High Commission + Court. (Prynne's <i>New Discovery of the Prelates' Tyranny</i>, p. + 132.)</p> + + <p>On the 10th of February, 1640-1 the House of Lords ordered that two + books published by John Pocklington, D.D., entitled <i>Altare + Christianum</i>, and <i>Sunday no Sabbath</i>, should be publicly burned + in the city of London and the two Universities, by the hands of the + common executioner; and on the 10th of March the House ordered the + Sheriffs of London and the Vice-Chancellors of both the Universities, + forthwith to take care and see the order of the House carried into + execution. (<i>Lords' Journals</i>, vol. iv. pp. 161. 180.)</p> + + <p>On the 13th of August, 1660, Charles II. issued a proclamation against + Milton's <i>Defensio pro Populo Anglicano</i>, his <i>Answer to the + Portraiture of his Sacred Majesty in his Solitude and Sufferings</i>, and + a book by John Goodwin, late of Coleman Street, London, Clerk, entitled + <i>The Obstructors of Justice</i>. All copies of these books were to be + brought to the sheriffs of counties, who were to cause the same to be + publicly burned by the hands of the common hangman at the next assizes. + (Kennett's <i>Register and Chronicle</i>, p. 207.) This proclamation is + also printed in Collet's <i>Relics of Literature</i>, with the inaccurate + date 1672, and the absurd statement that no copy of the proclamation was + discovered till 1797.</p> + + <p>In January, 1692-3, a pamphlet by Charles Blount, Esq., entitled + <i>King William and Queen Mary, Conquerors, &c.</i>, was burned by + the common hangman in Palace Yard, Westminster. (Bohun's + <i>Autobiography</i>, ed. S. W. Rix, vol. xxiv. pp. 106, 109. 113.; + Wilson's <i>Life of De Foe</i>, vol. i. p. 179 <i>n</i>.)</p> + + <p>The same parliament consigned to the flames Bishop Burnet's + <i>Pastoral Letter</i>, which had been published 1689. (Wilson's <i>Life + of De Foe</i>, vol. i. p. 179.)</p> + + <p>On the 31st of July, 1693, the second volume of Anthony à Wood's + <i>Athenæ Oxonienses</i> was burned in the Theatre Yard at Oxford by the + Apparitor of the University, in pursuance of the sentence of the + University Court in a prosecution for a libel on the memory of Edward + Hyde, Earl of Clarendon. (<i>Life of Mr. Anthony à Wood</i>, ed. 1772, p. + 377.)</p> + + <p>On the 25th of February, 1702-3, the House of Commons ordered De Foe's + <i>Shortest Way with the Dissenters</i> to be burned by the hands of the + common hangman on the morrow in New Palace Yard. (Wilson's <i>Life of De + Foe</i>, vol. ii. p. 62.)</p> + + <p>In or about 1709, John Humphrey, an aged non-conformist minister, + having published a pamphlet against the Test, and circulated it amongst + the members of parliament, was cited before a committee, and his work was + ordered to be burned by the common hangman. (Wilson's <i>Life of De + Foe</i>, vol. iii. p. 52.)</p> + + <p>The <i>North Briton</i>, No. 45., was on the 3rd of December, 1763, + burned by the common hangman at the Royal Exchange, by order of the House + of <!-- Page 227 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page227"></a>{227}</span>Commons. The following account is from + Malcolm's <i>Anecdotes of London</i>, 4to., 1808, p. 282.:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"The 3rd of December was appointed for this silly ceremony, which took + place before the Royal Exchange, amidst the hisses and execrations of the + mob, not directed at the obnoxious paper, but at Alderman Harley, the + sheriffs, and constables, the latter of whom were compelled to fight + furiously through the whole business. The instant the hangman held the + work to a lighted link it was beat to the ground, and the populace, + seizing the faggots prepared to complete its destruction, fell upon the + peace-officers and fairly threshed them from the field; nor did the + alderman escape without a contusion on the head, inflicted by a bullet + thrown through the glass of his coach; and several other persons had + reason to repent the attempt to burn that publicly which the <i>sovereign + people</i> determined to approve, who afterwards exhibited a large + <i>jack-boot</i> at Temple Bar, and burnt it in triumph, unmolested, as a + species of retaliation."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>I am not aware that what Mr. Malcolm terms a "silly ceremony" has been + repeated since 1763.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">C. H. Cooper.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Cambridge.</p> + + <p>I know not whether you have noticed the following:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Droit le Roy; or, A Digest of the Rights and Prerogatives of the + Imperial Crown of Great Britain. By a Member of the Society of Lincoln's + Inn. 'Dieu et Mon Droit.' [Royal Arms, with G. R.] London: printed and + sold by W. Griffin, in Fetter Lane, <span + class="scac">MDCCLXIV</span>."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Lord Mahon (<i>History of England</i>, vol. v. p. 175.) says:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"It was also observed, and condemned as a shallow artifice, that the + House of Lords, to counterbalance their condemnation of Wilkes's violent + democracy, took similar measures against a book of exactly opposite + principles. This was a treatise or collection of precedents lately + published under the title of <i>Droit le Roy</i>, to uphold the + prerogative of the crown against the rights of the people. The Peers, on + the motion of Lord Lyttleton, seconded by the Duke of Grafton, voted this + book 'a false, malicious, and traitorous libel, inconsistent with the + principles of the Revolution to which we owe the present happy + establishment;' they ordered that it should be burned by the hands of the + common hangman, and that the author should be taken into custody. The + latter part of the sentence, however, no one took any pains to execute. + The author was one Timothy Brecknock, a hack scribbler, who, twenty years + afterwards, was hanged for being accessary to an atrocious murder in + Ireland."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>A copy of the book (an octavo of xii. and 95 pages) is in my + possession. It was apparently a presentation copy, and formerly belonged + to Dr. Disney; at whose sale it was purchased by the late Richard Heber, + as his MS. note testifies. Against the political views which this book + advocates, I say not one word; as a legal treatise it is simply + despicable.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">H. Gough.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Lincoln's Inn.</p> + + <p>The following extract is at the service of <span + class="sc">Balliolensis</span>:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"In the seventh year of King James I., Dr. Cowel's <i>Interpreter</i> + was censured by the two Houses, as asserting several points to the + overthrow and destruction of Parliaments and of the fundamental laws and + government of the kingdom. And one of the articles charged upon him to + this purpose by the Commons, in their complaint to the Lords, was, as Mr. + Petyt says, out of the <i>Journal</i>, this that follows:</p> + + <p>"'4thly. The Doctor draws his arguments from the imperial laws of the + Roman Emperors, an argument which may be urged with as great reason, and + with as great authority, for the reduction of the state and the clergy of + England to the polity and laws in the time of those Emperors; as also to + make the laws and customs of Rome and Constantinople to be binding and + obligatory in the cities of London and York.'</p> + + <p>"The issue of which complaint was, that the author, for these his + outlandish politics, was taken into custody, and his book condemned to + the flames: nor could the dedication of it to his then grace of + Canterbury save it."—Atterbury's <i>Rights, Powers, and Privileges + of Convocation</i>, p. 7. of Preface.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Wm. Fraser, B.C.L.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Tor-Mohun.</p> + + <p>I possess a copy of <i>The Case of Ireland being bound by Acts of + Parliament in England stated</i>, by William Molyneux of Dublin, Esq., + which appears to have been literally "plucked as brand from the burning," + as a considerable portion of it is consumed by fire. I have cut the + following from a sale catalogue just sent to me from Dublin:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Smith's (Matthew) <i>Memoirs of Secret Service</i>, Lond. 1696. + Written by Charles, Earl of Peterborough, and is very scarce, being burnt + by the hangman. MS. note."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">James Graves.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Kilkenny.</p> + + <p>A decree of the University of Oxford, made July 21, 1683, condemning + George Buchanan's treatise <i>De jure regni apud Scotos</i>, and certain + other books, the names of which I do not know, was on March 25, 1710, + ordered by the House of Lords to be burned by the hangman. This was + shortly after the trial of Dr. Sacheverel.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. P. Storer.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Olney, Bucks.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>DIFFERENT PRODUCTIONS OF DIFFERENT CARCASES.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vi., p. 263.)</p> + + <p>Up to a very recent period, it was held, even by philosophers, that + each of the four elements, as well as every <i>living</i> plant and + animal, both <!-- Page 228 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page228"></a>{228}</span>brute and human, generated insects; but of + all sources of this equivocal generation, none was considered more potent + than the putrefaction or corruption of animal matter: as Du Bartas + says:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"God, not contented to each kind to give,</p> + <p>And to infuse the virtue generative,</p> + <p>By His wise power, made many creatures breed,</p> + <p>Of <i>lifeless bodies</i> without Venus' deed."</p> + <p class="i12"><i>Sixth Day.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>Pliny, after giving Virgil's receipt for making bees, gives similar + instances:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Like as dead horses will breed waspes and hornets; and asses carrion, + turne to be beetle-flies by a certaine metamorphosis which Nature maketh + from one creature to another."—Lib. xi. c. xx.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>And soon after he says of wasps:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"All the sorte of these live upon flesh, contrarie to <i>the manner of + bees, which will not touch a dead carcasse</i>."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>This brings Shakepeare's lines to mind:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">" 'Tis seldom when the bee doth leave her comb</p> + <p>In the <i>dead carrion</i>."</p> + <p class="i6"><i>Henry IV.</i>, Part II. Act IV. Sc. 4.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>The <i>Belfast News Letter</i> of Friday, Aug. 10, 1832, gives one of + these rare occurrences:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"A few days ago, when the sexton was digging a grave in Temple Cranney + (a burying-place in Portaferry, co. Down), he came to a coffin which had + been there two or three years: this he thought necessary to remove. In + this operation, he was startled by a great quantity of wild bees issuing + forth from the coffin; and upon lifting the lid, it was found that they + had formed their combs in the dead man's skull and mouth, which were + full. The nest was made of the hair of the head, together with shavings + that had been put in the coffin with the corpse."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>This quotation is given in an interesting work of Mr. Patterson's, + <i>Letters on the Natural History of the Insects mentioned in + Shakspeare's Plays</i>: London, 1838.</p> + + <p>Your correspondent R. T. shows that <i>serpents</i> were supposed to + be generated by <i>human</i> carcases. Pliny says:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"I have heard many a man say that the <i>marrow of a man's + backebone</i> will breed to a snake."—<i>Hist. Nat.</i>, x. 66.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The story of the "fair young German gentleman" reminds me of one of a + gentle shepherd and his beloved Amarante, told in De Britaine's <i>Human + Prudence</i>, 12th edit., Dublin, 1726, Part I. p. 171. The corpse of the + "Cæsar," seen by St. Augustine and Monica, was most probably that of + Maximus, Emperor of the West, slain by the soldiers of Theodosius, <span + class="scac">A.D.</span> 388.</p> + + <p>Sir Thos. Browne—"treating of the conceit that the mandrake + grows under gallowses, and arises from the fat, or <span title="ouron" class="grk" + >οὖρον</span>, of the dead malefactor, and + hence has the form of a man—says:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"This is so far from being verified of animals in their corruptive + mutations into plants, that they maintain not this similitude in their + nearer translation into animals. So when the ox corrupteth into bees, or + the horse into hornets, they come not forth in the image of their + originals. So the corrupt and excrementitious humours in man are animated + into lice: and we may observe that hogs, sheep, goats, hawks, hens, and + others, have one peculiar and proper kind of vermin."—<i>Works</i>, + Bohn's edit., vol. i. p. 197.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The editor furnishes the following note:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"The immortal Harvey, in his <i>De Generations</i>, struck the first + blow at the root of the irrational system called <i>equivocal + generation</i>, when he laid down his brief but most pungent law, + <i>Omnia ex ovo</i>. But the belief transmitted from antiquity, that + living beings generated spontaneously from putrescent matter, long + maintained its ground, and a certain modification of it is even still + advocated by some naturalists of the greatest acuteness. The first few + pages of the volume entitled <i>Insect Transformations</i> (in <i>The + Library of Entertaining Knowledge</i>) are occupied by a very interesting + investigation of this subject."—See also Sir T. Browne's + <i>Works</i>, vol. i. p. 378., vol. ii. pp. 523, 524.; and Izaak Walton's + <i>Complete Angler</i>, passim.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The equivocal generation of bees is copiously dwelt on in Bochart's + <i>Hierozoicon</i>, London, 1663, fol., Part II. p. 502. Instances of + their attaching themselves to dead bodies, in spite of their ordinary + antipathy, are given at p. 506.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Eirionnach.</span></p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>VANDYKE IN AMERICA.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. viii., pp. 182. 228.)</p> + + <p>To your correspondent C. I would say, that his observation—that + the Query was as to an <i>engraving</i>, whilst my answer was as to a + <i>picture</i>—is not true; as I am sure, from memory, that <span + class="sc">Mr. Westmacott</span> used the word "portraits." But I plead + in extenuation of my pretended grave offence, 1. That the Query was not + propounded by C., but by a gentleman to whom the information given might + be, as I supposed, of some interest; more particularly as I referred to + the <i>Travels</i> of an Englishman, both of which, author and work, were + accessible. 2. That, in common with the American readers of "N. & + Q.," I regarded it as "a journal of inter-communication," through whose + columns information might be asked for, the request to be treated with + the same consideration and courtesy as though addressed to each + individual subscriber. I may add that <span class="sc">Lord + Braybrooke</span> and <span class="sc">Mr. Wodderspoon</span> (Vol. iv., + p. 17.) have urged "the necessity for recording the existence of painted + historical portraits, scattered, as we know they are," &c. <!-- Page + 229 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page229"></a>{229}</span></p> + + <p>Now, as to the expression "worthies, famous in English history." I + presume I need do no more concerning its application to Lord Orrery, Sir + Robert Walpole, &c., than say, it was used as signifying "men of + mark," without intending to endorse their "worth" either morally, + mentally, or politically; its application to Colonel Hill and Colonel + Byrd, as meaning "men of worth," might, did your limits permit, be + defended on high grounds.</p> + + <p>Then as to the possibility of Vandyke's having painted the portraits. + If C. will have the kindness to look at C. Campbell's <i>History of + Virginia</i>, he will find,—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"1654. At a meeting of the Assembly, William Hatchin, having been + convicted of having called Colonel Edward Hill 'an atheist and + blasphemer,' was compelled to make acknowledgment of his offence upon his + knees before Colonel Hill and the Assembly."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>This Colonel Hill, generally known as Colonel Edward Hill the Elder, a + gentleman of great wealth, built the mansion at Shirley, where his + portrait, brought from England, hangs in the same place, in the same hall + in which he had it put up. It represents a youth in pastoral costume, + crook in hand, flocks in the background. By a comparison of dates, C. + will find it possible for Vandyke to have painted it. (See Bryan's + <i>Engravers and Painters</i>.) It has descended, along with the estate, + to his lineal representative, the present owner. Its authenticity rests + upon <i>tradition</i> coupled with the foregoing facts, as far as I know + (though the family may have abundant documentary proof), and I doubt very + much whether many "Vandykes in England" are better ascertained. I would + add that several English gentlemen, among them, as I have heard, a + distinguished ambassador recently in this country, recognised it as a + Vandyke. This picture, amongst others, was injured by the balls fired + from the vessels which ascended the James river, under command of General + Arnold, then a British officer. On the younger Mr. Hill's tomb at Shirley + is a coat of arms, a copy of which, had I one to send, would probably + point out his family in England.<a name="footnotetag2" + href="#footnote2"><sup>[2]</sup></a></p> + + <p>As to Colonel Byrd's portrait. There were, I believe, three gentlemen + of this name and title, more or less confounded in reputation, the second + of whom, generally known as "Colonel Byrd the Elder," by reason of his + son's history, was born in 1674. The picture is of his <i>father</i>, + that is, of "old," or "the first Colonel Byrd," and is in the same style + as that of Colonel Hill's, representing a shepherd lad. He was an English + gentleman of great wealth, and certainly of some benevolence. In + Campbell's <i>Virginia</i>, p. 104. (see also Oldmixon, vol. i. p. 427.), + it is stated, 1690, a large body of Huguenots were sent to Virginia. "The + refugees found in Colonel Byrd, of Westover, a generous benefactor. Each + settler was allowed a strip of land running back from the river to the + foot of the hill (Henrico County). Here they raised cattle," &c. He + sent his son to England to be educated under the care of a friend, Sir + Robert Southwell. The son became a Fellow of the Royal Society, "was the + intimate and bosom friend of the learned and illustrious Charles Boyle, + Earl of Orrery," was the author of the <i>Westover MSS.</i> (mentioned in + Oldmixon's preface, 2nd ed.), portions of which, "Progress to the Mines," + "History of the Dividing Line," &c., have been printed, others are in + the library of the American Philosophical Society.<a name="footnotetag3" + href="#footnote3"><sup>[3]</sup></a> His portrait is "by Kneller, a fine + old cavalier face," says Campbell. The letters received at Westover might + prove not uninteresting even to C., seeing that there were so many titled + people among the writers; and to a gentleman of education and + intelligence, the Westover library would have been a treasure-house. In + the Loganian Library in this city is a large MS. folio, whose title-page + declares it to be "a catalogue of books in the library at Westover, + belonging to William Byrd, Esq.," from which it appears that in Law there + were the English reporters (beginning with Y. B.) and text-writers, laws + of France, Scotland, Rome (various editions of Pandects, &c.); Canon + Law, with numerous approved commentators on each. In Physic a great many + works, which, as I am told, were, and some still are, of high repute: I + note only one, <i>Poor Planter's Physician interleaved</i>. This, to + every one who has been upon a great Virginia plantation, bespeaks the + benevolence characteristic of the proprietors of Westover. In Divinity, + besides pages of orthodox divines, Bibles in various languages (several + in Hebrew, one in seven vols.), are Socinius, Bellarmine, &c. The + works on Metallurgy, Natural History, Metaphysics, Military Science, + Heraldry, Navigation, Music, &c., are very numerous; and either of + the collections of history, or entertainment, or classics, or political + science, would form no inconsiderable library of itself. <!-- Page 230 + --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page230"></a>{230}</span>An impression + of Colonel Byrd's book-plate, given by a friend, is enclosed. I must add + that the pictures at Brandon are at that mansion, through the marriage of + Mr. Harrison (a signer of the Declaration of Independence) with the + daughter of the third Colonel Byrd.</p> + + <p>I have occupied much more space than I intended, but I have said + enough I hope to show, 1. That it is possible, from dates, from the + character, wealth, and position of Mr. Byrd and Mr. Hill, together with + the length of time the pictures have remained in the respective families, + for Vandyke to have painted these portraits. 2. That as men who directed + the energies, developed the resources, of our infant settlements, who + brought hither the products of science, literature, and art, who + exhibited the refinements of birth, the graces of good breeding, yet were + always ready to serve their country in the field or in the council, Mr. + Byrd and Mr. Hill are vastly more worthy of commemoration and reverence + than all the Earls of Dredlington that ever sat at his majesty's Board of + Green Cloth.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. Balch.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Philadelphia.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <a name="footnote2"></a><b>Footnote 2:</b><a + href="#footnotetag2">(return)</a> + <p>It is curious to observe how matters of history appear and disappear + as it were. "The mighty Tottipottimoy," says Hudibras (part ii. cant. ii. + l. 421.),—on which the Rev. Dr. Nash has this note: "I don't know + whether this is a real name or only an imitation of North-American + phraseology; the appellation of an individual, or a title of + office:"—Tottipottimoy was king of the warlike and powerful + Parnunkies, and was defeated and slain by the Virginians, commanded by + Colonel Hill, in the action from which Bloody Run takes its name.</p> + + <a name="footnote3"></a><b>Footnote 3:</b><a + href="#footnotetag3">(return)</a> + <p>There is a curious passage in the Westover MSS. concerning William + Penn, of which Mr. Macaulay should have a copy, unless one has been + already sent to him.</p> + +</div> +<hr class="full" /> + +<h3>PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE.</h3> + + <p><i>Cyanide of Potassium.</i>—It may be interesting to our + photographic friends to know that cyanide of potassium is capable of + replacing hyposulphite of soda in all collodion processes. If used of the + strength of five grains to one ounce of water, no danger need be + apprehended from it. Its merits are cleanliness, quickness of operation, + and the minute quantity of water required for washing the picture fixed + therewith.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. B. Hockin.</span></p> + + <p><i>Mode of exciting Calotype Paper.</i>—I forgot inserting this + plan of exciting in my paper: it is very clean and convenient, simple and + sure. Obtain a piece of plate glass, two or three inches larger than your + paper, level it on a table with a few bits of wood, pour on it your + exciting mixture (say aceto-nitrate and gallic acid, solution of each 20 + minims, distilled water 1 ounce), and spread it evenly over with a scrap + of blotting-paper. Float your paper two minutes, remove and blot off; + this ensures perfect evenness, especially if the paper is large. You may + thus excite half a dozen papers with little more trouble than one.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Thos. L. Mansell.</span></p> + + <p><i>The Double Iodide Solution—Purity of Photographic + Chemicals.</i>—The observations of <span class="sc">Mr. + Leachman</span> upon the solvent powers of iodide of potassium (Vol ix., + p. 182.) are perfectly correct, but I believe our photographic chemicals + are often much adulterated. The iodide of potassium is frequently mixed + with the carbonate. <span class="sc">Dr. Mansell</span> writes me word, + in a comment upon your note upon his communication, "What I used was + <i>very</i> pure, having been prepared by Mr. Arnold with great care: it + was some that had gone to the Great Exhibition as a sample of Guernsey + make, and obtained a medal." I have this day used exactly seven ounces + avoirdupois to make a pint of the iodizing solution, which, within a few + grains, agrees with my former results. Nitrate of silver, I am informed + upon a most respectable authority, has been adulterated thirty per cent., + and without careful testing has eluded detection; but I am inclined to + think our cheapest article has come in for its largest share of mixture. + I have lately perfectly failed in the removal of the iodide of silver + with a <i>saturated</i> solution of what I purchased as hyposulphite of + soda, but which could have been little else than common Glauber's salts; + for upon applying a similar solution of some which was made by M. Butka + of Prague, and supplied me by Messrs. Simpson and Maule, the effect was + almost immediate, demonstrating how much we are misled in our + conclusions, from believing we are manipulating with the same substances, + when in fact they are quite different.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Hugh W. Diamond.</span></p> + + <p><i>Hyposulphite of Soda Baths.</i>—Is there any objection to + using the same bath (saturated solution of hyposulphite) for fixing both + paper calotype <i>negatives</i> and positives printed on albumenized + paper from glass collodion negatives?</p> + + <p class="author">C. E. F.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Replies to Minor Queries.</h2> + + <p><i>Daughters taking their Mothers' Names</i> (Vol. viii., + p.586.).—<span class="sc">Buriensis</span> asked for instances of + temp. Edw. I., II., III., of a daughter adding to her own name that of + her mother: as Alice, daughter of Ada, &c. Though I am not able to + furnish an instance of a daughter doing so, I can refer him to a few of + sons using that form of surname some years earlier, but the practice + seems very limited. Thus in <i>Liber de Antiquis Legibus</i>, published + by the Camden Society, we have, among the early sheriffs of London in + 1193, Willielmus filius Ysabelis, or, as in the appendix 222, Ysabel; in + 1200, Willielmus filius Alicie; in 1213, Martinus filius Alicie; and in + 1233 and 1246, Simon filius Marie,—the same person that, as Simon + Fitz-Mary, is known as the founder of the Hospital of St. Mary Bethlehem + Without, Bishopsgate.</p> + + <p class="author">W. S. W.</p> + + <p class="address">Middle Temple.</p> + + <p><i>The Young Pretender</i> (Vol. ix., p. 177.).—Will <span + class="sc">Ceyrep</span>, or any other correspondent, furnish me with + particulars of the Young Pretender's marriage with a daughter of the + House of Stolberg; her name, place of burial, &c.? She was descended + maternally from the noble House of Bruce, through the marriage of Thomas, + second Earl of Aylesbury and third Earl of Elgin, with Charlotte (his + second wife) Countess of Sannu, or Sannau, of the House of Argenteau. + They had a daughter, Charlotte Maria, I suppose an only child, who was + married in the year 1722 to the Prince of Horn. These had issue Mary and + Elizabeth, whom also I suppose <!-- Page 231 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page231"></a>{231}</span>to have been only children. One of them + married the Prince of Stolberg, and the other the Prince of Salm. One of + the descendants of this family was an annuitant on the estate of the + Marquis of Aylesbury, as recently as twelve or fourteen years ago. + Information on any part of this descent would confer an obligation on</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Patonce.</span></p> + + <p><i>A Legend of the Hive</i> (Vol. ix., p. 167.).—With every + feeling of gratitude to <span class="sc">Eirionnach</span>, I cannot + receive praise for false metre and erroneous grammar. In the fifth line + of the first stanza of the quoted verse, the first of the above legend, + "are" is redundant: and in the first line of the next stanza, "bore" + should be "bare." I remember that in more cases than one the printer of + my published rhymes has perpetrated this latter mistake.</p> + + <p>Suffer me to reply to a question of the same courteous critic <span + class="sc">Eirionnach</span>, in Vol. ix., p. 162., about a + "Christ-cross-row." This name for the alphabet obtained in the good old + Cornish dame-schools when I was a boy. In a book that I have seen, there + is a vignette of a monk teaching a little boy to read, and beneath</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i2hg3">"<i>A Christ-Cross Rhyme.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i4"><span class="scac">I.</span></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Christ his cross shall be my speed!</p> + <p>Teach me, Father John, to read:</p> + <p>That in church, on holy-day,</p> + <p>I may chant the psalm and pray.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i4"><span class="scac">II.</span></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Let me learn, that I may know</p> + <p>What the shining windows show;</p> + <p>Where the lovely Lady stands,</p> + <p>With that bright Child in her hands.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i4"><span class="scac">III.</span></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Teach me letters one, two, three,</p> + <p>Till that I shall able be</p> + <p>Signs to know and words to frame,</p> + <p>And to spell sweet Jesu's name!</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i4"><span class="scac">IV.</span></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Then, dear master, will I look</p> + <p>Day and night in that fair book,</p> + <p>Where the tales of saints are told,</p> + <p>With their pictures all in gold.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i4"><span class="scac">V.</span></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Teach me, Father John, to say</p> + <p>Vesper-verse and matin-lay;</p> + <p>So when I to God shall plead,</p> + <p>Christ his cross will be my speed!"</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">H. of Morwenstow.</span></p> + + <p><i>Hoby Family</i> (Vol. viii., p. 244.; Vol. ix., pp. 19. + 58.).—Sir Philip Hoby, or Hobbie, who was born in 1505, and died in + 1558, was not only Gentleman of the Privy Chamber to Henry VIII., but, + while he held that office, was attached to the embassy of Sir Thomas + Wyatt to the Emperor Charles V. in 1538. He was himself ambassador to the + same Emperor in 1548, being sent by the Protector Somerset to replace the + Bishop of Westminster. It may be interesting to state that two volumes of + papers containing instructions and other letters transmitted to Sir + Philip during these embassies, and copies of his replies, together with + his correspondence with some eminent reformers, were in the possession of + Wm. Hare, Esq., M.P. for the city of Cork in 1796. An account of them, + drawn up by the Rev. T. D. Hincks, was read before the Royal Irish + Academy on December 17 in that year, and printed in the sixth volume of + its <i>Transactions</i>. It is probable that these papers had formerly + belonged to Rev. Sir Philip Hoby, Bart., who was Dean of Ardfert and + Chancellor of St. Patrick's; and died without an heir in 1766. He was + descended from Sir Thomas Hoby, younger brother of Sir Philip; who was + born in 1530, and died in 1566. The father of these two knights was + William Hobbie of Leominster. I presume the two volumes of papers + referred to are in the possession of the Earl of Listowel, great-grandson + of the gentleman who possessed them in 1796.</p> + + <p class="author">E. H. D. D.</p> + + <p><i>Anticipatory Use of the Cross</i> (Vol. viii. passim).—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"It is strange, yet well authenticated, and has given rise to many + theories, that the symbol of the Cross was already known to the Indians + before the arrival of Cortez. In the island of Cozumel, near Yucatan, + there were several; and in Yucatan itself there was a stone cross. And + there an Indian, considered a prophet amongst his countrymen, had + declared that a nation bearing the same as a symbol should arrive from a + distant country! More extraordinary still was a temple, dedicated to the + Holy Cross by the Toltec nation in the city of Cholula. Near Tulansingo + there is also a cross engraved on a rock with various characters, which + the Indians by tradition ascribe to the Apostle St. Thomas. In Oajaca, + also, there existed a cross, which the Indians from time immemorial had + been accustomed to consider as a divine symbol. By order of the Bishop + Cervantes it was placed in a sumptuous chapel in the cathedral. + Information concerning its discovery, together with a small cup, cut out + of its wood, was sent to Rome to Paul V.; who received it on his knees, + singing the hymn 'Vexilla regis,' &c."—<i>Life in Mexico</i>, + by Madame Calderon de la Barca, Letter xxxvii.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author">E. H. A.</p> + + <p><i>Longevity</i> (Vols. vii., viii., <i>passim</i>).—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Amongst the fresh antiquities of Cornwall, let not the old woman be + forgotten who died about two years since; who was one hundred and + sixty-four years old, of good memory, and healthful at that age; living + in the parish of Gwithian by the charity of such as came purposely to see + her, speaking to them (in default of English) by an interpreter, yet + partly understanding it. She married a second husband after she was + eighty, <!-- Page 232 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page232"></a>{232}</span>and buried him after he was eighty years + of age."—Scawens' <i>Dissertation on the Cornish Tongue</i>, + written temp. Car. II.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Anon.</span></p> + + <p>As very many, if not all, the instances mentioned in "N. & Q." of + those who have reached a very advanced age, were people of humble origin, + may we not now refer to those of noble birth? To commence the list, I + would name Sir Ralph de Vernon, "who is said to have lived to the age of + one hundred and fifty, and thence generally was called the Old Liver." My + authority is, Burke's <i>Peerage and Baronetage</i>, edit. 1848, p. + 1009.</p> + + <p class="author">W. W.</p> + + <p class="address">Malta.</p> + + <p>"<i>Nugget</i>" (Vol. viii., pp. 375. 481.).—A note from Mundy's + <i>Our Antipodes</i>:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"The word <i>nugget</i>, among farmers, signifies a small compact + beast, a runt: among gold-miners a lump, in contradistinction to the + scale or dust-gold."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Clericus Rusticus.</span></p> + + <p><i>The fifth Lord Byron</i> (Vol. ix., p. 18.).—I believe it to + be an acknowledged fact, that an old man's memory is generally good of + events of years past and gone: and as an octogenarian I am not afraid to + state that, from the discussions on the subject, I feel myself perfectly + correct as to the main point of my observations (Vol. viii., p. 2.), viz. + the error committed in the limitation of the ultimate reversion of the + estate; but as to the secondary point to which <span class="sc">Mr. + Warden</span> alludes, I may perhaps be in error in placing it on the + settlement of the son, inasmuch as the effect would be the same if it + occurred in the settlement of the father; and <span class="sc">Mr. + Warden's</span> observations leave an inference that the mistake may have + there occurred; as, in such case, if the error had been + discovered,—and by any altercation the son had refused to correct + the mistake, which he could and ought to have consented to, after the + failure of his own issue,—this alone, between two hasty tempers, + would have been sufficient cause of quarrel, without reference to the + question of marrying an own cousin, which is often very justly + objectionable.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Wm. S. Hesleden.</span></p> + + <p><i>Wapple, or Whapple-way</i> (Vol. ix., p. 125.).—This name is + common in the south, and means a bridle-way, or road in which carriages + cannot pass. In Sussex these ways are usually short cuts through fields + and woods, from one road or place to another. (See Halliwell's + <i>Dictionary</i>, and Cooper's <i>Sussex Glossary</i>.) The derivation + is not given by either writer.</p> + + <p class="author">D.</p> + + <p>In Manning's <i>Surrey</i>, I find not any mention of this term; but + apprehend it to be a corruption of the Norman-French, <i>vert plain</i>, + "a green road or alley:" which, as our Saxon ancestors pronounced the + <i>v</i> as a <i>w</i>, easily slides into <i>war plain</i> or + <i>warple</i>. (See Du Cange, <i>Supp.</i>, <i>in voce</i> "Plain.")</p> + + <p class="author">C. H.</p> + + <p><i>The Ducking-stool</i> (Vol. viii., p.315.).—As late as the + year 1824, a woman was convicted of being a common scold in the Court of + Quarter Sessions of Philadelphia County, and sentenced "to be placed in a + certain instrument of correction called a cucking or ducking-stool," and + plunged three times into the water; but the Supreme Court of + Pennsylvania, upon the removal of the case by writ of error, decided that + this punishment was obsolete, and contrary to the spirit of the age.</p> + + <p>Our fathers held the ducking-stool in higher respect, as appears from + the following presentments of the grand juries of Philadelphia, the + originals of which have been lately discovered. In January, 1717, they + say (through William Fishbourne, their foreman),—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Whereas it has been frequently and often presented by several former + grand juries for this city, the necessity of a ducking-stool and house of + correction for the just punishment of scolding, drunken women, as well as + divers other profligate and unruly persons in this place, who are become + a public nuisance and disturbance to this town in general; therefore we, + the present grand jury, do earnestly again present the same to this court + of quarter sessions for the city, desiring their immediate care, that + <i>those publick conveniences</i> may not be any longer delayed, but with + all possible speed provided for the detection and quieting such + disorderly persons."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Another, the date of which is not given, but which is signed by the + same foreman, presents "Alsoe that a ducking-stoole be made for publick + use, being very much wanting for scolding women," &c. And in 1720, + another grand jury, of which Benjamin Duffield was foreman, say:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"The Grand Inquest, we taking in consideration the great disorders of + the turbulent and ill-behaviour of many people in this city, we present + the great necessity of a ducking-stool for such people according to their + deserts."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Uneda.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Philadelphia.</p> + + <p><i>Double Christian Names</i> (Vol. ix., p. 45.).—It is surely + not correct to say that the earliest instance of two Christian names is + in the case of a person born in 1635. Surely Henry, Prince of Wales, the + son of James I., is an earlier instance. Sir Thomas Strand Fairfax was + certainly born before that date. Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey was probably an + earlier instance; and Sir Robert Bruce Colton, the antiquary, certainly + so. Writing at a distance from my books, I can only appeal to memory; but + see Southey's <i>Common-Place Book</i>, vol. i. p. 510. Venables, in his + <i>Travels in Russia</i>, <!-- Page 233 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page233"></a>{233}</span>tells us that "a Russian has never more + than one Christian name, which must be always that of a saint." To these + a patronymic is often added of the father's name, with the addition + <i>vich</i>, as in the case of the present Czar, Nicholas Paulovich, the + son of Paul.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. Denton.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Torquay.</p> + + <p><i>Pedigree to the Time of Alfred</i> (Vol. viii., p. + 586.).—Some ten or twelve years since I was staying at the King's + Head Inn, Egham, Surrey (now defunct), when a fresh-looking, respectable + man was pointed out to one as Mr. Wapshot, who had held an estate in the + neighbourhood from his ancestors prior to the Conquest. He was not + represented as a blacksmith, but as farming his own estate. I am not + connected with Egham or the neighbourhood, or I would make farther + inquiry.</p> + + <p class="author">S. D.</p> + + <p><i>Palace of Lucifer</i> (Vol. v., p. 275.).—If R. T. has not + observed it, I would refer him to the note in the Aldine edition of + Milton, vol. iii. p. 263., where I find "Luciferi domus" is the palace of + the sun (see <i>Prolusiones</i>, p. 120.); and not, as <span + class="sc">T. Warton</span> conjectured, the abode of Satan.</p> + + <p class="author">I. R. R.</p> + + <p><i>Monaldeschi</i> (Vol. viii., p. 34.).—<i>Relation du Meurte + de Monaldeschi, poignardé par ordre de Christine, reine de Suède</i>, by + Father de Bel, is to be found in a collection of curious papers printed + at Cologne, 1664, in 12mo. It is given at length in <i>Cristina's + Revenge, and other Poems</i>, by J. M. Moffatt, London, printed for the + author, 1821.</p> + + <p class="author">E. D.</p> + + <p><i>Anna Lightfoot</i> (Vol. vii., p. 595.).—T. H. H. is referred + to an elegantly printed pamphlet called <i>An Historical Fragment + relative to her late Majesty Queen Caroline</i>, printed for J. & N. + L. Hunt, London, 1824, which, from p. 44. to p. 50., contains a very + circumstantial account of this extraordinary occurrence.</p> + + <p class="author">E. D.</p> + + <p><i>Lode</i> (Vol. v., p. 345.).—It would not appear that this + word means "an artificial watercourse," at least from its use at + Tewkesbury, where there is still the <i>Lower Lode</i>, at which a ferry + over the Severn still exists; and there was also the <i>Upper Lode</i>, + until a bridge was erected over the river at that place. Will this help + to show its proper meaning?</p> + + <p class="author">I. R. R.</p> + + <p>"<i>To try and get</i>" (Vol. ix., p. 76.).—<span + class="sc">Uneda</span> inquires the origin of this erroneous mode of + expression? Doubtless euphony, to avoid the alliteration of so many T's: + "<i>t</i>o <i>t</i>he <i>t</i>heatre <i>t</i>o <i>t</i>ry and get," + &c. But evidently the word <i>to</i> is understood, though not + supplied after the word <i>and</i>. Thus, "to try and (to) get," + &c.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Celcrena.</span></p> + + <p><i>Abbott Families</i> (Vol. ix. p. 105.).—In reply to <span + class="sc">Mr. Abbott's</span> Query, I have a pedigree of Samuel Abbott, + born in 1637 or 1638; second son of Wm. Abbott of Sudbury, who was born + 1603, and who was son to Charles Abbott of Hawkden and Sudbury, an + alderman, which Charles was son to Wm. Abbott of Hawkden. This Samuel + married Margaret, daughter to Thomas Spicer. Should <span class="sc">Mr. + Abbott</span> wish it, I would forward him a copy of the pedigree. I can + trace no connexion between this family and that of Archbishop Abbott, + whose father, Maurice Abbott of Guildford, was son of —— + Abbott of Farnham, co. Surrey.</p> + + <p>I wish especially to know what became of Thomas Abbott, only son of + Robert, Bishop of Sarum; which Thomas dedicated his father's treatise + against Bellarmine in 1619 to his uncle the Archbishop, calling himself + in the preface, "imbellis homuncio." His sister was wife to Sir Nathaniel + Brent, whose younger son Nathaniel left all his property to his cousin + Maurice Abbott, of St. Andrew's, Holborn, Gent., in 1688; which Maurice + was possibly son to Thomas.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">G. E. Adams.</span></p> + + <p class="address">36. Lincoln's Inn Fields.</p> + + <p>"<i>Mairdil</i>" (Vol. viii., p. 411.).—Is there any affinity + between the word <i>mairdil</i>, which is used in Forfarshire, to be + overcome with fatigue for any oppressive or intricate piece of work, and + the word <i>mardel</i> or <i>mardle</i>, which signifies to gossip in + Norfolk, as stated by <span class="sc">Mr. J. L. Sisson</span>? What will + H. C. K. say to this subject? Jamieson confines <i>mairdil</i> to an + adjective, signifying unwieldy; but I have often heard work-people in + Forfarshire declare they were "perfectly <i>mairdiled</i>" with a piece + of heavy work, using the word as a passive verb. <i>Trachled</i> has + nearly the same meaning, but it is chiefly confined to describe fatigue + arising from walking a long distance.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Henry Stephens.</span></p> + + <p><i>Bell at Rouen</i> (Vol. viii., p. 448.).—Your valuable + correspondent <span class="sc">W. Sparrow Simpson</span>, B.A., has + probably taken his account of the great bell in the cathedral at Rouen + from a note made before the French Revolution of 1792-3, because the + George d'Ambois, which was once considered the largest bell in Europe (it + was thirteen feet high, and eleven feet in diameter), excepting that at + Moscow, shared the destructive fate of many others at that eventful + period, and was melted down for cannon. In 1814 the bulb of its clapper + was outside the door of a blacksmith's shop, as you go out of the city + towards Dieppe. It was pointed out to me by a friend with whom I was then + travelling—a gentleman of the neighbourhood, who was at Rouen at + the time it was brought there—and there, if I mistake not, but I + cannot find my note, I saw it again within the last ten years.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">H. T. Ellacombe.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Rectory, Clyst St. George.</p> + +<p><!-- Page 234 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page234"></a>{234}</span></p> + + <p><i>Smiths and Robinsons</i> (Vol. ix., p. 148.).—Arms of Smith + of Curdley, co. Lancaster: Argent, a cheveron sable between three roses + gules, barbed, vert seeded, or.</p> + + <p>Robinson (of Yorkshire): Vert, a cheveron between three roebucks + trippant or. Crest, a roebuck as in the arms. Motto, "Virtute non + verbis."</p> + + <p>Robinson of Yorkshire, as borne by Lord Rokeby: Vert, on a cheveron + or, between three bucks trippant of the last, as many quatrefoils gules. + Crest, a roebuck trippant or.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Cid.</span></p> + + <p><i>Churchill's Grave</i> (Vol. ix., p. 123.).—If I am not + mistaken, there is a tablet to the memory of Churchill, with a more + lengthy inscription, within the church of St. Mary, Dover, towards the + western end of the south aisle.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. Sparrow Simpson.</span></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Miscellaneous.</h2> + +<h3>NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.</h3> + + <p>Before proceeding to notice any of the books which we have received + this week, we will call the attention of the publishing world to two + important works which we know to be now wanting a publisher, namely, I. + <i>A Syriac-English Lexicon to the New Testament and Book of Psalms</i>, + arranged alphabetically, with the derivatives referred to their proper + roots, and a companion of the principal words in the cognate languages; + and II. <i>A Syriac-English Grammar</i>, translated and abridged from + Hoffman's larger work.</p> + + <p>Samuel Pepys is the dearest old gossip that ever lived; and every new + edition of his incomparable Diary will serve but to increase his + reputation as the especial chronicler of his age. Every page of it + abounds not only in curious indications of the tone and feelings of the + times, and the character of the writer, but also in most graphic + illustrations of the social condition of the country. It is this that + renders it a work which calls for much careful editing and illustrative + annotation, and consequently gives to every succeeding edition new value. + Well pleased are we, therefore, to receive from Lord Braybrooke a fourth + edition, revised and corrected, of the <i>Diary and Correspondence of + Samuel Pepys</i>. and well pleased to offer our testimony to the great + care with which its noble editor has executed his duties. Thanks to his + good judgment, and to the great assistance which he acknowledges to have + received from Messrs. Holmes, Peter Cunningham, Yeowell, &c., his + fourth edition is by far the best which has yet appeared, and is the one + which must hereafter be referred to as the standard one. The Index, too, + has been revised and enlarged, which adds no little to the value of the + book.</p> + + <p>Mr. Murray has broken fresh ground in his <i>British Classics</i> by + the publication of the first volume of Gibbon's <i>Decline and Fall of + the Roman Empire, with Notes and Preface by Dean Milman and M. + Guizot</i>, and edited, with Notes, by Dr. Smith. If the publisher showed + good tact in selecting Mr. P. Cunningham for editor of <i>Goldsmith</i>, + he has shown no less in entrusting the editing of his new Gibbon to Dr. + Smith, whose various Dictionaries point him out as peculiarly fitted for + such a task. In such well practised hands, therefore, there can be little + doubt as to the mode in which the labour of editing will be conducted; + and a very slight glance at the getting up of this first volume will + serve to prove that, for a library edition of Gibbon, while this is the + cheapest it will be also the handsomest ever offered to the public.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Books Received.</span>—Macaulay's <i>Critical + and Historical Essays, People's Edition</i>, Part I. The first issue of + an edition of these admirable Essays, which will, when completed, cost + only Seven Shillings! Can cheapness go much lower?—<i>Adventures in + the Wilds of North America</i>, by Charles Lanman, <i>edited</i> by C. R. + Wild, forming Parts LV. and LVI. of Longman's <i>Traveller's Library</i>. + These adventures, partly piscatorial, are of sufficient interest to + justify their publication even without the <i>imprimatur</i>, which they + have received, of so good a critic as Washington Irving.—Darling's + <i>Cyclopædia Bibliographica</i>, Part XVII., extends from Andrew Rivet + to William Shepheard.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h3>BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE.</h3> + + <p><span class="sc">London Labour and London Poor.</span> Nos. XLIV. and + LXIV. to End of Work.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Mrs. Gore's Banker's Wife.</span></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Tales by a Barrister.</span></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Schiller's Wallenstein</span>, translated by + Coleridge. Smith's Classical Library.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Goethe's Faust</span> (English). Smith's Classical + Library.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">The Circle of the Seasons.</span> London, 1828. + 12mo.</p> + + <p>*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, <i>carriage + free</i>, to be sent to <span class="sc">Mr. Bell</span>, Publisher of + "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.</p> + + <p>Particulars of Price, &c. of the following Books to be sent direct + to the gentlemen by whom they are required, and whose names and addresses + are given for that purpose:</p> + + <p><span class="sc">A Memoir of the Life of James Stanley</span>, Seventh + Earl of Derby, by W. H. Whatton, Esq. Published by Fisher, Newgate + Street.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">History of the Westminster Election.</span> London, + 1794. 1 Vol. 4to.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Wanted by <i>G. Cornewall Lewis</i>, Kent House, Knightsbridge.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p><span class="sc">A Map, Plan, and Representations</span> of + Interesting and Remarkable places connected with <span class="sc">Ancient + London</span> (large size).</p> + + <p>A Copy of an early number of "The Times" Newspaper, or of the "Morning + Chronicle," "Morning Post," or "Morning Herald." The nearer the + commencement preferred.</p> + + <p>Copies or Facsimiles of other Old Newspapers.</p> + + <p>A Copy of <span class="sc">The Breeches</span> or other Old Bible.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Wanted by <i>Mr. Joseph Simpson</i>, Librarian, Literary and Scientific Institution, Islington, London.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p><span class="sc">Percy Society's Publications.</span> Nos. XCIII. and + XCIV.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Wanted by <i>G. J. Hargreaves</i>, Stretford, near Manchester.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p><span class="sc">Cambridge Installation Ode</span>, 1835, by Chr. + Wordsworth. 4to. Edition.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Kitchener's Economy of the Eyes.</span> Part II.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Brown's Anecdotes of Dogs.</span></p> + + <p><span class="sc">—— —— —— of + Animals.</span></p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Wanted by <i>Fred. Dinsdale</i>, Esq., Leamington.</p> + </div> + </div> + +<p><!-- Page 235 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page235"></a>{235}</span></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Enquiry after Happiness.</span> The Third Part. By + Richard Lucas, D.D. Sixth Edition. 1734.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Wanted by <i>Rev. John James</i>, Avington Rectory, Hungerford.</p> + </div> + </div> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h3>Notices to Correspondents.</h3> + + <p>M. "Scarborough Warning."—<i>This expression has been fully + explained in our</i> First Volume, p. 138.</p> + + <p>J. C. B., <i>who writes respecting</i> The Gregorian Tones, <i>is + referred to our</i> Sixth Volume, pp. 99. 178., <i>and our</i> Seventh + Volume, p. 136.</p> + + <p>R. N. (Liverpool). <i>There are many letters of Charles I. among the + MSS. in the British Museum. We do not know where the Cabinet taken at + Naseby is preserved.</i></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Oxon.</span> Entire, <i>as applied to beer, signifies + that it is drawn entirely from one butt. Formerly the favourite beer was + a mixture of ale or beer and twopenny, until a brewer named Harwood + produced a beer with the same flavour, which he called</i> entire + <i>or</i> entire butt.</p> + + <p>G. W. T. <i>Old Rowley was the name of a celebrated stallion belonging + to Charles II.</i></p> + + <p>C. H. N., <i>who writes respecting</i> Royal Arms in Churches, <i>is + referred to our</i> Sixth Volume passim.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Tom Tell-tale</span> <i>is thanked. We are in + possession of information respecting the drawings in question; but shall + be glad to know of any other purchasers.</i></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Caveat Emptor.</span> <i>We have lately seen a + curious pseudo-letter of Cromwell, the history of which we may perhaps + lay before our readers.</i></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Francis Beaufort.</span> <i>The copy of the</i> + Biblia Sacra Latina <i>to which our Correspondent refers, is now in the + possession of Mr. Brown, bookseller, 130. Old Street</i>.</p> + + <p>J. O. <i>We have forwarded the book you so kindly sent to the + gentleman for whom you intended it.</i></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Comus</span> <i>may have a copy of the</i> Epitome of + Locke <i>on applying to Mr. Olive Lasbury, bookseller, Bristol</i>.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Hugh Henderson</span> (Glasgow). <i>The fault must be + in the quality of your pyrogallic. You need have no difficulty in + obtaining it pure of some of the photographic chemists, and whose + advertisements appear in our columns.</i></p> + + <p>A. F. G. (March 1st.). <i>All papers for photographic purposes improve + by keeping. When you have thoroughly satisfied yourself of the goodness + of a sample, secure all you can; it will repay you well by time. Consult + our advertising columns for your market, which we prefer not to + indicate.</i></p> + + <p><i>Errata.</i>—Vol. ix., p. 75., col. 1. 9th line, for + "previous" read "precious"; p. 136., col. 1. line 3, for "carre" read + "cane;" p. 200., col. 1. 12th line from bottom, for "Richard I." read + "Henry I."</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Our Eighth Volume</span> <i>is now bound and ready + for delivery, price 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, cloth, boards. A few sets of + the whole Eight Volumes are being made up, price 4<i>l.</i> + 4<i>s.</i>—For these early application is desirable.</i></p> + + <p>"<span class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>" <i>is published at noon on + Friday, so that the Country Booksellers may receive Copies in that + night's parcels, and deliver them to their Subscribers on the + Saturday</i>.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>TO NERVOUS SUFFERERS.—A retired Clergyman having been restored + to health in a few days, after many years of great nervous suffering, is + anxious to make known to others the MEANS of a CURE; will therefore send + free, on receiving a stamped envelope, properly addressed, a copy of the + prescription used.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Direct the REV. E. DOUGLASS, 18. Holland +Street, Brixton, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>PIANOFORTES, 25 Guineas each.—D'ALMAINE & CO., 20. Soho + Square (established <span class="scac">A.D.</span> 1785), sole + manufacturers of the ROYAL PIANOFORTES, at 25 Guineas each. Every + instrument warranted. The peculiar advantages of these pianofortes are + best described in the following professional testimonial, signed by the + majority of the leading musicians of the age:—"We, the undersigned + members of the musical profession, having carefully examined the Royal + Pianofortes manufactured by MESSRS. D'ALMAINE & CO., have great + pleasure in bearing testimony to their merits and capabilities. It + appears to us impossible to produce instruments of the same size + possessing a richer and finer tone, more elastic touch, or more equal + temperament, while the elegance of their construction renders them a + handsome ornament for the library, boudoir, or drawing-room. (Signed) J. + L. Abel, F. Benedict, H. R. Bishop, J. Blewitt, J. Brizzi, T. P. Chipp, + P. Delavanti, C. H. Dolby, E. F. Fitzwilliam, W. Forde, Stephen Glover, + Henri Herz, E. Harrison, H. F. Hassé, J. L. Hatton, Catherine Hayes, W. + H. Holmes, W. Kuhe, G. F. Kiallmark, E. Land, G. Lanza, Alexander Lee, A. + Leffler, E. J. Loder, W. H. Montgomery, S. Nelson, G. A. Osborne, John + Parry, H. Panofka, Henry Phillips, F. Praegar, K. F. Rimbault, Frank + Romer, G. H. Rodwell, R. Roekel, Sims Reeves, J. Templeton, F. Weber, H. + Westrop, T. H. Wright," &c.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">D'ALMAINE & CO., 20. Soho Square. Lists +and Designs Gratis.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>HEAL & SON'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF BEDSTEADS, sent free by + post. It contains designs and prices of upwards of ONE HUNDRED different + Bedsteads, in iron, brass, japanned wood, polished birch, mahogany, + rosewood, and walnut-tree woods; also of every description of Bedding, + Blankets, and Quilts.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">HEAL & SON, Bedstead and Bedding Manufacturers, +196. Tottenham Court Road.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION.</p> + + <p>THE EXHIBITION OF PHOTOGRAPHS, by the most eminent English and + Continental Artists, is OPEN DAILY from Ten till Five. Free + Admission.</p> + + +<table class="nobctr" summary="Prices." title="Prices."> + <tr> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>£ </p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><i>s.</i></p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><i>d.</i></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>A Portrait by Mr. Talbot's Patent Process</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>1</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>1</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>0</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Additional Copies (each)</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>0</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>5</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>0</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>A Coloured Portrait, highly finished (small size)</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>3</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>3</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>0</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>A Coloured Portrait, highly finished (larger size)</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>5</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>5</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>0</p> + </td> + </tr> +</table> + + <p>Miniatures, Oil Paintings, Water-Colour, and Chalk Drawings, + Photographed and Coloured in imitation of the Originals. Views of Country + Mansions, Churches, &c., taken at a short notice.</p> + + <p>Cameras, Lenses, and all the necessary Photographic Apparatus and + Chemicals, are supplied, tested, and guaranteed.</p> + + <p>Gratuitous Instruction is given to Purchasers of Sets of + Apparatus.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION,<br /> +168. New Bond Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>ARUNDEL SOCIETY.—The Publication of the Fourth Year (1852-3), + consisting of Eight Wood Engravings by MESSRS. DALZIEL, from Mr. W. + Oliver Williams' Drawings after GIOTTO'S Frescos at PADUA, is now ready: + and Members who have not paid their Subscriptions are requested to + forward them to the Treasurer by Post-Office Order, payable at the + Charing Cross Office.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i4">JOHN J. ROGERS,</p> + <p class="i6">Treasurer and Hon. Sec.</p> + <p>13. & 14. Pall Mall East.</p> + <p class="i2">March, 1854.</p> + </div> + </div> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>PEOPLE'S EDITION of the ILLUSTRATED HISTORY OF ENGLAND, from the + Invasion of Julius Cæsar to the Accession of Queen Victoria. By HUME, + SMOLLETT, and HUGHES. With Copious Notes, the Author's last Corrections, + Improvements, and Enlargement. Also Historical Illustrations, Autographs, + and Portraits. To be published in crown 8vo., Weekly, in Seventy-two + Parts, at One Shilling each: and in Monthly Volumes, price Four + Shillings, bound in cloth.</p> + + <p>The Publication will commence on the 3rd of April, and be continued + regularly until the Work is completed.</p> + + <p>In accordance with the universal desire of obtaining the best books at + the cheapest possible price, the Historical Works of HUME, SMOLLETT, and + HUGHES, are now submitted to the public: it being the object of the + Publisher to place within the reach of all classes of readers, in a + succession of weekly parts and monthly volumes, a more complete HISTORY + OF ENGLAND than any extant.</p> + + <p>The eventful period in the annals of Britain which has elapsed since + the age of Smollett, whose volumes close with the reign of George the + Second, demands a faithful and impartial record; and this portion of our + National History, continued by the REV. T. S. HUGHES, late Christian + Advocate at Cambridge, will be printed from the corrected text of the + third octavo edition, which was almost entirely rewritten.</p> + + <p>The additional volumes, containing a narrative of important events, + commence with the accession of George the Third, and will be continued to + the accession of Queen Victoria.</p> + + <p>The Work will be completed in eighteen volumes, and embellished with + numerous Engravings on Steel, entirely re-engraved for this Edition, + comprising a selection of historical illustrations from Bowyer's History + of England, and from paintings by the most eminent masters, with + portraits of all the sovereigns from the Norman Conquest, according to + the costume of the different ages, and authentic facsimiles of their + autographs.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">SURPLICES.</p> + + <p>GILBERT J. FRENCH, Bolton, Lancashire, has prepared his usual large + Supply of SURPLICES, in Anticipation of EASTER.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">PARCELS delivered FREE at Railway +Stations.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p><!-- Page 236 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page236"></a>{236}</span></p> + + <p>COLLODION PORTRAITS AND VIEWS obtained with the greatest ease and + certainty by using BLAND & LONG'S preparation of Soluble Cotton; + certainty and uniformity of action over a lengthened period, combined + with the most faithful rendering of the half-tones, constitute this a + most valuable agent in the hands of the photographer.</p> + + <p>Albumenised paper, for printing from glass or paper negatives, giving + a minuteness of detail unattained by any other method, 5<i>s.</i> per + Quire.</p> + + <p>Waxed and Iodized Papers of tried quality.</p> + + <p>Instruction in the Processes.</p> + + <p>BLAND & LONG, Opticians and Photographical Instrument Makers, and + Operative Chemists, 153. Fleet Street, London.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">*** Catalogues sent on application.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>THE SIGHT preserved by the Use of SPECTACLES adapted to suit every + variety of Vision by means of SMEE'S OPTOMETER, which effectually + prevents Injury to the Eyes from the Selection of Improper Glasses, and + is extensively employed by</p> + +<p class="cenhead">BLAND & LONG, Opticians, 153. Fleet +Street, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS.—OTTEWILL & MORGAN'S Manufactory, 24. + & 25. Charlotte Terrace, Caledonian Road, Islington. OTTEWILL'S + Registered Double Body Folding Camera, adapted for Landscapes or + Portraits, may be had of A. ROSS, Featherstone Buildings, Holborn; the + Photographic Institution, Bond Street: and at the Manufactory as above, + where every description of Cameras, Slides, and Tripods may be had. The + Trade supplied.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>PHOTOGRAPHY.—HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining + Instantaneous Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, + according to light.</p> + + <p>Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the + choicest Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their + Establishment.</p> + + <p>Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used + in this beautiful Art.—123. and 121. Newgate Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>IMPROVEMENT IN COLLODION.—J. B. HOCKIN & CO., Chemists, 189. + Strand, have, by an improved mode of Iodizing, succeeded in producing a + Collodion equal, they may say superior, in sensitiveness and density of + Negative, to any other hitherto published; without diminishing the + keeping properties and appreciation of half-tint for which their + manufacture has been esteemed.</p> + + <p>Apparatus, pure Chemicals, and all the requirements for the practice + of Photography. Instruction in the Art.</p> + + <p>THE COLLODION AND POSITIVE PAPER PROCESS. By J. B. HOCKIN. Price + 1<i>s.</i>, per Post. 1<i>s.</i> 2<i>d.</i></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>ALLEN'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, containing Size, Price, and Description + of upwards of 100 articles, consisting of PORTMANTEAUS, TRAVELLING-BAGS, + Ladies' Portmanteaus, DESPATCH-BOXES, WRITING-DESKS, DRESSING-CASES, and + other travelling requisites, Gratis on application, or sent free by Post + on receipt of Two Stamps.</p> + + <p>MESSRS. ALLEN'S registered Despatch-box and Writing-desk, their + Travelling-bag with the opening as large as the bag, and the new + Portmanteau containing four compartments, are undoubtedly the best + articles of the kind ever produced.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">J. W. & T. ALLEN, 15. & 22. West Strand.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>CHUBB'S FIRE-PROOF SAFES AND LOCKS.—These safes are the most + secure from force, fraud, and fire. Chubb's locks, with all the recent + improvements, cash and deed boxes of all sizes. Complete lists, with + prices, will be sent on application.</p> + + <p>CHUBB & SON, 57. St. Paul's Churchyard, London; 28. Lord Street, + Liverpool; 16. Market Street, Manchester; and Horseley Fields, + Wolverhampton.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">MUTUAL LIFE ASSURANCE +by MODERATE PREMIUMS.</p> + + <p>The SIXTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT of the SCOTTISH PROVIDENT INSTITUTION (the + only Society in which the advantages of Mutual Assurance can be secured + by Moderate Premiums) is now Published, and may be had free, on + application.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">THE RESULTS OF BUSINESS EFFECTED +IN 1853 ARE:—</p> + +<table class="nobctr" summary="Results of Business." title="Results of Business."> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"> 1. </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"> Number of proposals accepted </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom;"> 716</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"> 2. </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"> Amount of new assurances exclusive of annuities </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom;"> £309,393 0 0</td></tr> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"> </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"> </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom;"> ——————</td></tr> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"> 3. </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"> Amount of annual premiums on new assurances </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom;"> £8,038 12 5</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"> 4. </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"> Amount of single payments on ditto </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom;"> 10,729 2 8</td></tr> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"> </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"> </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom;"> ——————</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"> </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"> ———— New premiums received during the year </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom;"> £18,767 15 1</td></tr> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"> </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"> </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom;"> ——————</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"> 5. </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"> Amount of claims by death during the year </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom;"> £23,526 5 0</td></tr> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"> </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"> </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom;"> ——————</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"> 6. </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"> Addition to realised fund, arising entirely from accumulated<br /> +premiums during the year </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom;"> £50,459 0 0</td></tr> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"> </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:top;"> </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom;"> ——————</td></tr> + +</table> + +<p class="cenhead">BIENNIAL PROGRESS OF BUSINESS +DURING THE LAST TEN YEARS.</p> + +<table class="nobctr" summary="Progress of Business." title="Progress of Business."> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; border-bottom: 1px solid black;"> In Years. +</td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; border-left: 1px solid black; border-bottom: 1px solid black;"> Number<br />of New<br />Policies. +</td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; border-left: 1px solid black; border-bottom: 1px solid black;"> Amount of<br />New<br />Assurances +</td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; border-left: 1px solid black; border-bottom: 1px solid black;"> Accumulated<br />Fund at End<br />of Period.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left;"> </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:center; border-left: 1px solid black;"> </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:center; border-left: 1px solid black;"> £ </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:center; border-left: 1px solid black;"> £</td></tr> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left;"> 1844-45 </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:center; border-left: 1px solid black;"> 658 </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:center; border-left: 1px solid black;"> 281,082 </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:center; border-left: 1px solid black;"> 69,009</td></tr> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left;"> 1846-47 </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:center; border-left: 1px solid black;"> 888 </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:center; border-left: 1px solid black;"> 404,734 </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:center; border-left: 1px solid black;"> 95,705</td></tr> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left;"> 1848-49 </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:center; border-left: 1px solid black;"> 907 </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:center; border-left: 1px solid black;"> 410,933 </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:center; border-left: 1px solid black;"> 131,406</td></tr> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:left;"> 1850-51 </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:center; border-left: 1px solid black;"> 1378 </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:center; border-left: 1px solid black;"> 535,137 </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:center; border-left: 1px solid black;"> 207,803</td></tr> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; border-bottom: 1px solid black;"> 1852-53 </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; border-left: 1px solid black; border-bottom: 1px solid black;"> 1269 </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; border-left: 1px solid black; border-bottom: 1px solid black;"> 587,118 </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:bottom; border-left: 1px solid black; border-bottom: 1px solid black;"> 305,134</td></tr> +</table> + +<p class="cenhead">MUTUAL LIFE ASSURANCE.</p> + + <p>THE SCOTTISH PROVIDENT INSTITUTION combines the advantage of + Participation in the whole Profits with moderate Premiums.</p> + + <p>The premiums are as low as those of the non-participating scale of the + proprietary companies. They admit of being so not only with safety, but + with ample reversion of profits to the policy-holders, being free from + the burden of payment of dividend to shareholders.</p> + + <p>At the first division of surplus in the present year, bonus additions + were made to policies which had come within the participating class, + varying from 20 to 54 per cent. on their amount.</p> + + <p>In all points of practice—as in the provision for the + indefeasibility of policies, facility of licence for travelling or + residence abroad, and of obtaining advances on the value of the + policies—the regulations of the Society, as well as the + administration, are as liberal as is consistent with right principle.</p> + + <p>Policies now issued free of stamp duty.</p> + + <p>Copies of the last annual report, containing full explanations of the + principles, may be had on application to the Head Office in Edinburgh; of + the Society's Provincial Agent: or of the Resident Secretary, London + Branch.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>JAMES WATSON, Manager.</p> + <p>GEORGE GRANT, Resident Secretary.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>London Branch, 12. Moorgate Street.</p> + + <p>The London Branch will be removed on 25th March to the Society's New + Premises, 66. Gracechurch Street, corner of Fenchurch Street, City.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>W. H. HART, RECORD AGENT and LEGAL ANTIQUARIAN (who is in the + possession of Indices to many of the early Public Records whereby his + Inquiries are greatly facilitated) begs to inform Authors and Gentlemen + engaged in Antiquarian or Literary Pursuits, that he is prepared to + undertake searches among the Public Records, MSS. in the British Museum, + Ancient Wills, or other Depositories of a similar Nature, in any Branch + of Literature, History, Topography, Genealogy, or the like, and in which + he has had considerable experience.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">1. ALBERT TERRACE, NEW CROSS, +HATCHAM, SURREY.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION, No. 1. Class + X., in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all + Climates, may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold + London-made Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver + Cases, 8, 6, and 4 guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, + 10, and 8 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior + Lever, with Chronometer Balance, Gold. 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's + Pocket Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch + skilfully examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, + 2<i>l.</i>, 3<i>l.</i>, and 4<i>l.</i> Thermometers from 1<i>s.</i> + each.</p> + + <p>BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, + the Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen,</p> + +<p class="cenhead">65. CHEAPSIDE.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h3>WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE +AND ANNUITY SOCIETY.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Founded A.D. 1842.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<p class="cenhead"><i>Directors.</i></p> + + +<table class="nobctr" summary="directors" title="directors"> + <tr> + <td class="rightbsing" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> + <p>H. E. Bicknell, Esq.<br /> + T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq., M.P.<br /> + G. H. Drew, Esq.<br /> + W. Evans, Esq.<br /> + W. Freeman, Esq.<br /> + F. Fuller, Esq.<br /> + J. H. Goodhart, Esq.</p> + + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> + <p>T. Grissell, Esq.<br /> + J. Hunt, Esq.<br /> + J. A. Lethbridge, Esq.<br /> + E. Lucas, Esq.<br /> + J. Lys Seager, Esq.<br /> + J. B. White, Esq.<br /> + J. Carter Wood, Esq.</p> + + </td> + </tr> +</table> + +<p class="cenhead"><i>Trustees.</i>—W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq., T. Grissell, Esq.<br /> +<i>Physician.</i>—William Rich. Basham, M.D.<br /> +<i>Bankers.</i>—Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">VALUABLE PRIVILEGE.</p> + + <p>POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary + difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application + to suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed + in the Prospectus.</p> + + <p>Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100<i>l.</i>, with a Share + in three-fourths of the Profits:—</p> + +<table width="35%" class="nobctr" summary="Specimens of Rates" title="Specimens of Rates"> +<tr> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left; width:28%">Age</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>£</i></td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>s.</i></td> +<td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>d.</i></td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left; width:28%">Age</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>£</i></td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>s.</i></td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>d.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 17</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">1</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">14</td> +<td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right">4</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 32</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">2</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">10</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">8</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 22</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">1</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">18</td> +<td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right">8</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 37</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">2</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">18</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">6</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 27</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">2</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">4</td> +<td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right">5</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 42</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">3</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">8</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">2</td> +</tr></table> + +<p class="cenhead">ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary.</p> + + <p>Now ready, price 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, Second Edition, with material + additions, INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE ON + BENEFIT BUILDING SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land + Investment, exemplified in the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building + Companies, &c. With a Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and + Life Assurance. By ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life + Assurance Society, 3. Parliament Street, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>Printed by <span class="sc">Thomas Clark Shaw</span>, of No. 10. + Stonefield Street, in the Parish of St. Mary, Islington, at No. 5. New + Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and + published by <span class="sc">George Bell</span>, of No. 186. Fleet + Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, + Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.—Saturday, March 11, + 1854.</p> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 228, March +11, 1854, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, MAR 11, 1854 *** + +***** This file should be named 32506-h.htm or 32506-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/3/2/5/0/32506/ + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Archive/Canadian +Libraries) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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