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| author | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-14 19:56:14 -0700 |
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| committer | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-14 19:56:14 -0700 |
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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Number 239, May 27, 1854 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc + +Author: Various + +Other: George Bell + +Release Date: March 18, 2010 [EBook #31690] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, MAY 27, 1854 *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + + + + + +</pre> + +<table border="0" cellpadding="10" style="background-color: #ccccff;"> +<tr> +<td style="width:25%; vertical-align:top"> +Transcriber's note: +</td> +<td> +A few typographical errors have been corrected. They +appear in the text <span class="correction" title="explanation will pop up">like this</span>, and the +explanation will appear when the mouse pointer is moved over the marked +passage. +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p><!-- Page 485 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page485"></a>{485}</span></p> + +<h1>NOTES AND QUERIES:</h1> + +<h2>A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC.</h2> + +<h3><b>"When found, make a note of."</b>—<span class="sc">Captain Cuttle</span>.</h3> + +<hr class="full" /> + + +<table width="100%" class="nomar" summary="masthead" title="masthead"> + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left; width:25%"> + <p><b>No. 239.</b></p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:center; width:50%"> + <p><b><span class="sc">Saturday, May 27. 1854</span></b></p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:25%"> + <p><b>Price Fourpence<br />Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></p> + </td> + </tr> +</table> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>CONTENTS.</h2> + + +<table width="100%" class="nomar" summary="Contents" title="Contents"> + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left; width:94%"> + <p><span class="sc">Notes</span>:—</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:5%"> + <p>Page</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Reprints of Early Bibles, by the Rev. R. Hooper, M.A.</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page487">487</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Marriage Licence of John Gower, the Poet, by W. H. Gunner</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page487">487</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Aska or Asca</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page488">488</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Legends of the County Clare, by Francis Robert Davies</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page490">490</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Archaic Words</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page491">491</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Minor Notes</span>:—Inscriptions on + Buildings—Epitaphs—Numbers—Celtic + Language—Illustration of Longfellow: "God's Acre"</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page492">492</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Queries</span>:—</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>John Locke</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page493">493</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Minor Queries</span>:—"The Village + Lawyer"—Richard Plantagenet, Earl of Cambridge—Highland + Regiment—Ominous Storms—Edward Fitzgerald—Boyle + Family—Inn Signs—Demoniacal Descent of the + Plantagenets—Anglo-Saxon Graves—Robert Brown the + Separatist—Commissions issued by Charles I. at Oxford</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page493">493</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Minor Queries with + Answers</span>:—Hogmanay—Longfellow's + "Hyperion"—Sir Hugh Myddelton—Sangarede—Salubrity + of Hallsal, near Ormskirk, Lancashire—Athens—James + Miller</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page495">495</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Replies</span>:—</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Brydone, by Lord Monson</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page496">496</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Coleridge's Unpublished MSS., by C. Mansfield Ingleby</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page496">496</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Mr. Justice Talfourd and Dr. Beattie</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page497">497</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Russian "Te Deum," by T. J. Buckton, &c.</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page498">498</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Artesian Wells, by Henry Stephens, &c.</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page499">499</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Dog-whippers</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page499">499</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Cephas, a Binder, and not a Rock, by T. J. Buckton, &c.</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page500">500</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Whittington's Stone</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page501">501</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Photographic + Correspondence</span>:—Photographic Experience—Conversion + of Calotype Negatives into Positives—Albumenized Paper</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page501">501</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Replies to Minor + Queries</span>:—Table-turning—Female Dress—Office + of Sexton held by one Family—Lyra's + Commentary—Blackguard—"Atonement"—Bible of + 1527—Shrove Tuesday—Milton's + Correspondence—"Verbatim et literatim"—Epigrams</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page502">502</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Miscellaneous</span>:—</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Notes on Books, &c.</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page504">504</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Books and Odd Volumes Wanted</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page505">505</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Notices to Correspondents</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page505">505</a></p> + </td> + </tr> +</table> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">On June 1, in One Large Volume, super-royal +8vo., price 2<i>l.</i> 12<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> cloth lettered.</p> + + <p>CYCLOPÆDIA BIBLIOGRAPHICA: A Library Manual of Theological and General + Literature, and Guide to Books for Authors, Preachers, Students and + Literary Men, Analytical, Bibliographical, and Biographical. By JAMES + DARLING.</p> + + <p>A PROSPECTUS, with Specimens and Critical Notices, sent Free on + Receipt of a Postage Stamp.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">London: JAMES DARLING, 81. Great +Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">TO LITERARY MEN, PUBLISHERS, +AND OTHERS.</p> + + <p>MESSRS. HOPPER & CO., Record Agents, &c., beg to acquaint the + Literary World, that they undertake Searches among, and Transcripts from, + the Public Records, or other Ancient MSS., Translations from the + Norman-French, Latin, and other Documents, &c.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">*** MSS. bought, sold, or valued.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">4. SOUTHAMPTON STREET, CAMDEN +TOWN.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>THE ORIGINAL QUADRILLES, composed for the PIANO FORTE by MRS. AMBROSE + MERTON.</p> + + <p>London: Published for the Proprietor, and may be had of C. LONSDALE, + 26. Old Bond Street; and by Order of all Music Sellers.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">PRICE THREE SHILLINGS.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">Now ready, No. VII. (for May), price 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, +published Quarterly.</p> + + <p>RETROSPECTIVE REVIEW (New Series); consisting of Criticisms upon, + Analyses of, and Extracts from, Curious, Useful, Valuable, and Scarce Old + Books.</p> + + <p>Vol I., 8vo., pp. 436, cloth 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, is also + ready.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">JOHN RUSSELL SMITH, 36. Soho Square, +London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">This Day, with Woodcuts, fcp. 8vo., 5<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>THE OLD PRINTER AND THE MODERN PRESS, in relation to the important + subject of CHEAP POPULAR LITERATURE. By CHARLES KNIGHT.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Also, by the same Author, 2 vols. fcp. 8vo., 10s.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">ONCE UPON A TIME.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"The old bees die, the young possess the + hive."—<i>Shakspeare.</i></p> + + <p>"They relate to all manner of topics—old folks, old manners, old + books; and take them all in all, they make up as charming a pair of + volumes as we have seen for many a long day."—<i>Fraser's + Magazine.</i></p> + + <p>"'Once upon a Time' is worth possessing."—<i>Examiner.</i></p> + + <p>"This varied, pleasant, and informing collection of + Essays."—<i>Spectator.</i></p> + + <p>"Mr. Charles Knight's entertaining little work is full of various + knowledge agreeably told."—<i>Quarterly Review.</i></p> + + <p>"This pleasant gallery of popular antiquarianism."—<i>John + Bull.</i></p> + +</blockquote> + +<p class="cenhead">JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">NEW WORK BY SIR DAVID BREWSTER.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">This Day, fcp. 8vo., 6<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>MORE WORLDS THAN ONE; the CREED of the PHILOSOPHER and the HOPE of the + CHRISTIAN. by SIR DAVID BREWSTER.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">NEW WORK BY DEAN MILMAN.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Now ready, Vols. I. to III., 8vo., 36<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>HISTORY OF LATIN CHRISTIANITY, including that of THE POPES to the + PONTIFICATE of NICHOLAS V. By HENRY HART MILMAN, D.D., Dean of St. + Paul's.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">ART AND ARTISTS IN ENGLAND.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Now ready, 3 vols. 8vo., 36<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>THE TREASURES OF ART IN GREAT BRITAIN. Being an Account of the Chief + Collections of Paintings, Sculptures, MSS., &c., in this Country. By + DR. WAAGEN, Director of the Royal Gallery of Pictures at Berlin.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">MURRAY'S +RAILWAY READING.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Now ready, 2 vols. fcap. 8vo., 8<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>ESSAYS FROM "THE TIMES:" Being a Selection from the Literary Papers + which have appeared in that Journal, reprinted by permission.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i3"><span class="sc">Contents</span>:</p> + <p class="i4">Vol. I.</p> + <p>Nelson and Lady Hamilton.</p> + <p>Railway Novels.</p> + <p>Louis-Philippe and his Family.</p> + <p>John Howard.</p> + <p>Drama of the French Revolution.</p> + <p>Lord Holland's Reminiscences.</p> + <p>Robert Southey.</p> + <p>Dean Swift—Stella and Vanessa.</p> + <p>Reminiscences of Coleridge.</p> + <p>John Keats.</p> + <p>Grote's History of Greece.</p> + <p>Literature of the Rail.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i4">Vol. II.</p> + <p>Lord Coke.</p> + <p>Discoveries at Nineveh.</p> + <p>Lord Mansfield.</p> + <p>Lion Hunting in Africa.</p> + <p>Jeremy Taylor.</p> + <p>Lord Clarendon and his Friends.</p> + <p>John Sterling.</p> + <p>Autobiography of a Chartist.</p> + <p>Americans in England.</p> + <p>Francis Chantrey.</p> + <p>Career of Lord Langdale.</p> + <p>Afghanistan.</p> + <p>The Greek Revolution.</p> + <p>Dickens and Thackeray.</p> + </div> + </div> + +<p class="cenhead">*** Each Volume may be had separately.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p><!-- Page 486 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page486"></a>{486}</span></p> + +<p class="cenhead">JUST PUBLISHED,</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Price 11<i>s.</i> to Non-Members.</p> + + <p>The TWENTY-SEVENTH VOLUME of the SURTEES SOCIETY PUBLICATIONS, being + THE PONTIFICAL OF EGBERT, ARCHBISHOP OF YORK, <span + class="scac">A.D.</span> 732-766. 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Reprinted + from the Fourth Volume of the History of Durham, with additional Notes + and Illustrations, together with an Appendix, comprising some of Mr. + Surtees' Correspondence, Poetry, &c. 16<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">XXV.</p> + + <p>The BOLDON BOOK, or SURVEY OF DURHAM in 1183. 10<i>s.</i> + 6<i>d.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">XXVI.</p> + + <p>WILLS and INVENTORIES, illustrative of the History, Manners, Language, + Statistics, &c., of the Counties of York, Westmoreland, and + Lancaster, from the Fourteenth Century downwards. (From the Registry at + Richmond.)</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + + <p>Published for the SOCIETY by GEORGE ANDREWS, Bookseller, Durham; + WHITTAKER & Co., 13. Ave Maria Lane, London; T. & W. BOONE, 29. + New Bond Street, London; and WILLIAM BLACKWOOD & SONS, Edinburgh; + from whom they may be procured through any Bookseller in Town or + Country.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">London +Homœopathic Hospital.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<p class="cenhead">ARRANGEMENT</p> + +<p class="cenhead">FOR</p> + +<p class="cenhead"><i>THE CONVERSAZIONE</i>,</p> + +<p class="cenhead">at the</p> + +<p class="cenhead">HANOVER SQUARE ROOMS,</p> + +<p class="cenhead">On TUESDAY, May 30, 1854.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">The Rooms will be open at Eight o'clock.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">A SELECTION OF MUSIC</p> + +<p class="cenhead">(By the Band of the Royal Regiment of Horse +Guards)</p> + +<p class="cenhead"><span class="scac">WILL BE PERFORMED DURING THE EVENING.</span></p> + +<hr class="short" /> + + <p>In the Rooms will be Exhibited Specimens of—</p> + + <p>Electroplate, by Messrs. F. Elkington.</p> + + <p>China and Statuettes, by Mr. Alderman Copeland.</p> + + <p>Bronzes, by Messrs. Jackson & Graham.</p> + + <p>Fine Arts in Electroplating, Metallurgy, &c., by Mr. Charles + Elkington & Co.</p> + + <p>Etruscan Vases, by Messrs. Battam & Co.</p> + + <p>Papier Maché, by Messrs. Jennens & Bettridge.</p> + + <p>Stamped Leather, by Mr. Leake.</p> + + <p>Lace, by M. Brie.</p> + + <p>Wax Models, by M. Montanari.</p> + + <p>Artificial Flowers, by Mr. Hill.</p> + + <p>Leather Carving, by Mr. Sandars.</p> + + <p>Cromo-Lithography, by Messrs. Hahnhart & Son.</p> + + <p>Porcelain and Parian, by Messrs. Alcock.</p> + + <p>Scientific Models, by Messrs. Watkins & Hill.</p> + + <p>And many other Objects of Novelty and Interest.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<p class="cenhead">FINE ARTS.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Paintings.</span>—By Messrs. Knight, R.A., + Uwins, R.A., Cope, R.A., the late W. Etty, R.A. and <span + class="sc">Drawings</span> by John Hayter, Hunt, D. Cox, John Lewis, + Bright, Frederick Tayler, Collingwood Smith, Richardson, Müller, Vacher, + D'Egville, Callam, Rowbotham, &c., Essex (Enamels), Faed + (Engravings), etc., etc.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Sculpture.</span>—By Messrs. Behnes, Calder + Marshall, Matthew Noble, &c., &c.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Microscopes.</span>—By Messrs. Smith & + Beck, Pillischer, Topping, Varly, Salmon, Ladd, and by Members of the + Microscopic Society.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Stereoscopes, Daguerrotypes, and + Photographs.</span>—By Messrs. Beard, Bland, and Long, Claudet, + Dickenson, Duppa, Horne, Thornthwaite & Co., Kilburn, Ladd, Laroche, + Mayall, Pillischer, Royal Panopticon of Art, and a variety of + Photographic Drawings by eminent Amateurs.</p> + + <p>Tickets may be had at the Hospital, 32. Golden Square; of Messrs. + Aylott & Jones, Paternoster Row; Mr. Bailliere, 219. Regent Street; + Mr. Headland, 15. Princes Street, Hanover Square; Mr. Leath, Vere Street, + Cavendish Square, and St. Paul's Churchyard; Mr. Walker, Conduit Street; + Mr. James Epps, Great Russell Street, Bloomsbury Square, and Broad + Street, City; Mr. Turner, Piccadilly, Manchester; Mr. Thompson, + Liverpool; and at all the Homœopathic Chemists and Booksellers.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Single Tickets, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; Family Tickets to +admit Four, 1<i>l.</i> 4<i>s.</i></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p><!-- Page 487 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page487"></a>{487}</span></p> + +<p class="cenhead"><i>LONDON, SATURDAY, MAY 27, 1854.</i></p> + +<h2>Notes.</h2> + +<h3>REPRINTS OF EARLY BIBLES.</h3> + + <p>In 1833 the authorities of the Clarendon Press put forth a quarto + reprint, word for word, page for page, and letter for letter, of the + <i>first</i> large black-letter folio edition of 1611, of the present + authorised or Royal version of the Bible. So accurate was it, that even + manifest errors of the press were retained. It was published that the + reader might judge whether the original standard could still be exactly + followed. It was accompanied by a collation with a <i>smaller</i> + black-letter folio of 1613, in preference to the larger folio of that + year, as no two copies (entire) of the latter could be found, all the + sheets of which corresponded precisely:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Many of these copies contain sheets belonging, as may clearly be + proved, to editions of more recent date; and even those which appear to + be still as they were originally published, are made up partly from the + edition printed at the time, and partly from the remains of earlier + impressions."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Now this is a most interesting subject to all lovers of our dear old + English Bible. It is supposed the translators revised their work for the + 1613 edition (after two years); yet the collation with the <i>small</i> + folio of that year, shows little or no improvement, rather the contrary. + I possess a small quarto edition of 1613 (black-letter, by Barker), not + mentioned by our more eminent bibliographers, which, while admitting the + better corrections, adheres to the old 1611 folio, where the <i>small</i> + folio of 1613 unnecessarily deviates. It is certainly, I consider, a most + valuable impression. I have lately purchased a magnificent copy of the + <i>great</i> folio of 1613. It is in the original thick oak binding, with + huge brass clasps, corners, and bosses; and appears to have been chained + to a reading-desk. In collating it, I find a sheet or two in 1 Samuel and + St. Matthew most carefully supplied from an earlier impression. The + titles both to the Old and New Testaments are exactly the same as those + of the folio 1611, with the exception of the date 1613 for 1611. It has + been gloriously used, and the imagination revels in the thought of the + eyes and hearts that must have been blessed by its perusal. I am not + sufficiently conversant with our earlier translations to identify, + without reference, the sheets of the inserted edition, and I have not + time to refer. I may only say that there is a most quaint woodcut of + little David slinging a stone at the giant Goliath. A slight collation of + Genesis shows me this large edition agrees in corrections with the small + one the Clarendon Press authorities used, though my quarto 1613 differs, + adhering, as I said before, more closely to the original standard of + 1611. I would put a Query or two to your many readers.</p> + + <p>1. Was the great folio 1613 ever published entire, or are the sheets I + have indicated supplied in every known copy, some from earlier, some from + later, impressions? 2. Is it an established fact, that the translators + revised their work in 1613? 3. What is the small quarto of 1613 I have + mentioned?</p> + + <p>Lastly, would it not be an interesting enterprise to reprint our + various translations of the holy volume in a cheap and uniform series, + like the Parker Society published the Liturgy? A society might be formed + by subscription to support such an object. We might have Coverdale's, + Matthews', Cranmer's, Taverner's, the Geneva (1560), the Bishops' + (Parker's, 1568), and the noble authorised (Royal 1611), with their + variations noted. I cannot see any harm would arise; and surely it might + give an impulse to that noblest of all studies, the study of God's Word. + What grander volume for simplicity and elegance of language, for true + Anglo-Saxon idiom, than our present venerated translation? What book that + could interest more than Cranmer's Great Bible of 1539, from whence our + familiar Prayer-Book version of the Psalms is taken? It would give me + heartfelt pleasure to contribute my humble efforts in such a cause.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Richard Hooper, M.A.</span></p> + + <p class="address">St. Stephen's, Westminster.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>MARRIAGE LICENCE OF JOHN GOWER THE POET.</h3> + + <p>The following special licence of marriage extracted from the Register + of William of Wykeham, preserved in the registry at Winchester, is a + curious document in itself; but if, as there is much reason for + supposing, the person on whose behalf it was granted was no less a man + than the illustrious poet—the "moral Gower"—the interest + attached to it is very much enhanced: and for this reason I am desirous + of giving it publicity through the columns of "N. & Q."—a fit + place for recording such pieces of information, relating to the lives of + men eminent in the annals of literature. I have not been able to find any + notice of the marriage of John Gower in the books to which I have been + able to refer; and, though it may be perhaps an event of little + importance, it is one which a faithful biographer would never omit to + mention. The document is as follows:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Willelmus permissione divina Wyntoniensis Episcopus, dilecto in + Christo filio, domino Willelmo, capellano parochiali ecclesiæ S. Mariæ + Magdalenæ in Suthwerk, nostræ diocesis, salutem, gratiam, et + benedictionem. Ut matrimonium inter Joannem Gower et Agnetem Groundolf + dictæ ecclesiæ parochianos sine ulteriore bannorum editione, dumtamen + aliud canonicum non obsistat, extra ecclesiam parochialem, in <!-- Page + 488 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page488"></a>{488}</span>Oratorio + ipsius Joannis Gower infra hospicium cum in prioratu B. Mariæ de Overee + in Suthwerk prædicta situatum, solempnizare valeas licenciam tibi tenore + præsentium, quatenus ad nos attinet, concedimus specialem. In cujus rei + testimonium sigillum nostrum fecimus his apponi. Dat. in manerio nostro + de alta clera vicesimo quinto die mensis Januarii, <span + class="scac">A.D.</span> 1397, et nostræ consecrationis 31mo."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The connexion of the poet Gower with the priory of St. Mary Overy is + well known; as well as his munificence in contributing very largely to + the reconstruction of the church of the priory, in which he also founded + a chantry, and where his tomb still exists. It would appear from this + document, that he actually resided within the priory.</p> + + <p>This marriage must have taken place late in his life. The year of his + birth is unknown. He is said to have been somewhat older than Chaucer, + the date of whose birth is also uncertain; there being some grounds for + assigning it to 1328, others, perhaps more satisfactory, for fixing it + 1345. If the latter be correct, and if we allow for the disparity of age, + we may suppose Gower to have been somewhere between fifty-five and sixty + years of age at the time of his marriage with Agnes Groundolf.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. H. Gunner.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Winchester.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[A reference to the will of Gower, which is printed in Todd's + <i>Illustrations of Gower and Chaucer</i>, p. 87. et seq., confirms the + accuracy of our correspondent's inference, that this is the marriage + licence of the poet, inasmuch as it shows that the Christian name of + Gower's wife was Agnes.—<span class="sc">Ed.</span> "N. & + Q."]</p> + +</div> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>ASKA OR ASCA.</h3> + + <p>Throughout North America this dissyllable is found terminating names + in localities, occupied at the present day by Indian tribes speaking very + different languages; and, in these languages, with the exception of such + names, few analogous sounds exist. There are, besides, names terminating + in <i>esco</i>, <i>isco</i>, <i>isca</i>, <i>escaw</i>, <i>uscaw</i>, + which, perhaps, may be placed in the same category, being only accidental + variations of <i>aska</i>, arising from a difference of ear in those who + first heard them pronounced by a native tongue.</p> + + <p>Are these names vernacular in any of the modern Indian languages? and, + if so, what is their real meaning? I propound these questions for + solution by any of the gentlemen at Fort Chepewyan, Norway House, &c. + (since, no doubt, "N. & Q." penetrates the Far West as well as the + Far East), who may feel an interest in the subject.</p> + + <p>Apparently, they have been imposed by a people who occupied the whole + continent from sea to sea, as they occur from Hudson's Bay to Yucatan, + and from the Pacific to the Atlantic.</p> + + <p>Were the American nations originally of one tongue? Humboldt, Du + Ponceau, and others have remarked that striking analogies of grammatical + construction exist in all American languages, from the Eskimo to the + Fuegian, although differing entirely in their roots. Dr. Prichard + says,—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"There are peculiarities in the very nature of the American languages + which are likely to produce great variety in words, and to obliterate in + a comparatively short period the traces of resemblance."—<i>Phys. + Hist.</i> &c., vol. v. p. 317.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>It may be only a curious coincidence, but it is undoubtedly true, + that, with scarcely one exception, all names (we might almost say + <i>words</i>) so terminating are more or less connected with water. The + exception (if it really be one) is <i>Masca</i>, which I have found among + my old notes, followed by the word <i>Montagne</i>; but nothing more, and + I have forgotten all about it.</p> + + <p>For the rest, the varieties in isca, &c., spoken of before, are + chiefly to be found in the northern countries, towards Hudson's and + James' Bay, &c., where the present spoken languages are the Eskimo or + Karalit, the Cree, and the Montagnard dialect of the Algonkin, viz. + Agomisca, island in James' Bay; Meminisca, lake on Albany River; + Nemiskau, a lake; Pasquamisco, on James' Bay; then, Keenwapiscaw, lake; + Naosquiscaw, ditto; Nepiscaw, ditto; Camipescaw, ditto; Caniapuscaw, + ditto and river: the last five lie between the head waters of the + Saguenay and the bottom of James' Bay.</p> + + <p>Again, beginning at the extreme west, we find Oonalaska, or Agoun + Aliaska, or (according to the natives) Nagoun Alaska, an island abounding + in fine springs and rivulets. Nor should I omit another of the Aleutian + islands, called Kiska.</p> + + <p>Alaska, or Aliaska, a peninsula. The language in these instances is a + branch of the Eskimo.</p> + + <p>Athabaska (Atapescow of Malte-Brun), lake and river. M‘Kenzie + says that the word means, in the Knistenaux language, a flat, low, swampy + country, liable to inundations (edit. 4to., p. 122.). Here I repeat the + question, is the word vernacular, or only adopted? In such vocabularies + as I have seen, there is nothing bearing the slightest relationship to + it. In one given by Dr. Latham (<i>Varieties of Man</i>, &c., pp. + 208-9.), water, in the Chepewyan, is <i>tone</i>, and river, + <i>tesse</i>.</p> + + <p>Itaska, the small lake whence the Mississippi has its origin. The + languages prevalent in the adjacent country would be the Sioux, and the + Chippeway branch of the Algonquino.</p> + + <p>Wapiscow, river. Language, Cree?</p> + + <p>Nebraska, "The Shallow River," said to be the name of the Platte in + the Sioux language.</p> + + <p>Mochasko, "Always full;" another river so called in the Sioux. Query, + Are these two vernacular? Watapan is river in that language. <!-- Page + 489 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page489"></a>{489}</span></p> + + <p>Oanoska is a Sioux word, meaning "The Great Avenue or Stretch;" but + whether it applies to a river I have forgotten. The quotation is from + Long's <i>Expedit. to St. Peter's River</i>, vol. i. p 339., to which I + have not access just now. Atamaska and Madagaska are two names of which I + can give no account, for the same reason as stated above at Maska.</p> + + <p>Arthabaska is (or was) a very swampy township so named, lying south of + the St Lawrence.</p> + + <p>Maskinonge (also the name of a fish) in which the sound occurs, + although not as a termination, is a seigneurie on the north bank of the + St Lawrence, of which the part near the river is so low that it is + inundated frequently. A river of the same name runs through this + seigneurie. Both the foregoing are in the country where the Iroquois + language prevailed.</p> + + <p>Zoraska, or Zawraska, name of a river somewhere between Quebec and + James' Bay, of which I know nothing more, having only heard it spoken of + by moose-hunters. Probably it is in a country where the language would be + the Montagnard.</p> + + <p>Yamaska, a river on the south side of the St. Lawrence, having much + marshy ground about it, particularly near its junction with the Grand + River.</p> + + <p>Kamouraska, or Camouraska, islands in the St. Lawrence below Quebec, + taking their name from a seigneurie on the mainland; a level plain + surrounded by hills, and dotted all over with mounds. Bouchette + says,—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"D'après la position, l'apparence, et l'exacte ressemblance de ces + espèces d'îles en terre-firme avec celles de Camouraska, entre lesquelles + et le rivage le lit de la rivière est presqu'à sec à la marée basse, le + naturaliste sera fortement porté à croire que ce qui forme à présent le + continent était, à une époque quelconque, submergé par les vagues + immenses du St Laurent, et que les élévations en question formaient des + îles, ou des rochers exposés à l'action de l'eau," + &c.—<i>Description de Bas-Canada, &c.</i>, p. 551.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>There can be no doubt, if <i>aska</i> relate to water, that this + district is appropriately named.</p> + + <p>We may presume the language prevalent here to have been the Algonquin, + since the inhabitants, when first visited by Europeans, were either the + Micmac or Abenaqui, both tribes of that great family.</p> + + <p>Still further eastward, flowing from Lake Temisconata into the River + St. John, we find the Madawaska, in a country where the language was + either the Abenaqui, or a dialect of the Huron, said to be spoken by the + Melicite Indians of the St. John. Aska does not occur again in this part + of North America, as far as I call ascertain; but on looking southward it + does so, and under similar circumstances, viz. associated with water.</p> + + <p>Tabasca, or Tobasco (for it is written both ways), a country on the + borders of Yucatan, described by the conquerors as difficult to march + through, on account of numerous pools of water and extensive swamps. + Clavigero says the present name was given by the Spaniards; but I know of + no Spanish word at all resembling it, therefore presume they must have + adopted the native appellation. The language was, and perhaps is, the + Maya.</p> + + <p>Tarasca; name of a people inhabiting the country of Mechouacan, + celebrated for its numerous fountains of fine water. Language appears to + have been Mexican. (See Clavigero, vol. i. p. 10., edit. 4to., Cullen's + <i>Trans.</i>; and Dr. Prichard's <i>Phys. Hist.</i>, &c., vol. v. p. + 340.)</p> + + <p>The mention of Tarasca reminds one of Tarascon, also written Tarasca. + Two instances occur in the country of Celtic Gaul; both on rivers: the + one on the Rhone, the other on the Arriège.</p> + + <p>Having for the present finished with America, one is naturally led to + inquire whether <i>asca</i> occurs in other parts of the world, in like + manner associated with water. Before doing so, however, I would observe + that Thompson, in his <i>Essay on Etymologies</i>, &c., p. 10., + remarks that "The Gothic termination <i>sk</i>, the origin of our + <i>ish</i>, the Saxon <i>isk</i>, signifying <i>assimilated</i>, + <i>identified</i>, is used in all dialects, to the very shores of China," + &c. He instances "Tobolsk" and "Uvalsk." If, then, it be true that + <i>ā</i> and <i>āb</i> are primitive sounds denoting water in + many languages, may we not here have a combination of <i>ā</i> and + <i>sk</i>?</p> + + <p>But to proceed. Malte Brun mentions a city in Arabia called "Asca," + one of the places sacked by the expedition under Elius Gallus (<i>Précis + de la Géographie</i>, &c., vol. i. p. 179.). Generally speaking, + Arabia is not abounding in waters; but that very circumstance renders + celebrated, more or less, every locality where they do abound and are + pure. The city, therefore, might have been notable for its walls and + fountains of pure water.</p> + + <p>Aska is the name of a river in Japan, remarkable for its great depth, + and for frequently changing its course (Golownin, vol. iii. p. 149.).</p> + + <p>In north-eastern Asia we find a river called after the Tongouse, + <i>Tongousca</i>. Query, Tungouse-asca? and, following up Thompson's + examples before mentioned, we may name Yakutsk, Irkutsk, Ochotsk, + Kamtchatka, &c., all intimately connected with water. Then there is + Kandalask, a gulf of the White Sea; Tchesk, another; Kaniska-Zemblia, an + island, &c. In Spain, Huesca is on the river Barbato. The two + Gradiskas in Hungary, &c. are the one on the Sâve, the other on the + Lisonzo.</p> + + <p>Zaleski (Pereslav) is seated on a lake; but Malte-Brun says the name + means "au-delà des bois." This may or may not be the case. The sound is + here, and in connexion with water. Pultusk is nearly surrounded by water, + the Narew. Askersan, in Sweden, stands on a lake. Gascon, <!-- Page 490 + --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page490"></a>{490}</span>says + Rafinesque, means "beyond the sea" (<i>American Nations</i>, &c., No. + 2. p. 41.).</p> + + <p>Madagascar. Curious the similarity between this name of an island and + the American names Madagaska and Madawaska. By the way, I forgot to + notice of this last, that Captain Levinge, in his <i>Echoes from the Back + Woods</i>, &c., vol. i. p. 150., derives it from Madawas (Micmac), a + "porcupine;" whilst <i>The Angler in Canada</i> (Lanman), p. 229., says + that it means "never frozen," because part of the river never freezes. + Which is right?</p> + + <p>Tcherkask. Every one knows that the capital of the Don Cossacks is + eminently a water city. According to Pallas, the Circassians + (Tcherkesses) once were located in the Crimea. They may have extended + their influence to the Don, and the name in question may be a synthetic + form of Tcherkesse-aska.</p> + + <p>Damasca (Latinised Damascus) is famed all over the East for its + waters. The name of the ancient city was Damas, "Le Demechk, ou + Chamel-Dimichk, des Orientaux" (Malte-Brun, viii. 215.).</p> + + <p>The modern city is said to be called Damas, or I Domeschk, though it + seems more generally known as El Sham. Bryant says it was called by the + natives <i>Damasec</i> and <i>Damakir</i>, the latter meaning the city + (Caer?) of Dams, or of Adama (<i>Mythology</i>, &c., vol. i. p. 69.). + Can it have once been Adama, or Dama-asca?</p> + + <p>In Great Britain we have rivers and lakes called severally Esk, Exe or + Isca, Axe, and Usk.</p> + + <p>Axe seems to have been written <i>Asca</i> at one time; for Lambarde + gives Ascanmynster as the Saxon name of Axminster. Hence, also, we may + infer that Axholme Island was once Ascanholme. The Exe was probably Esk, + <i>i.e.</i> water, or river: it certainly was Uske. Iska is the British + Isk Latinised by Ptolemy; for Camden says Exeter was called by the Welsh + <i>Caerisk</i>, &c. Usk or Uske was written <i>Osca</i> by Gyraldo + Camb. (See Lambarde.)</p> + + <p>Kyleska, or Glendha, ferry in Sutherlandshire. Kyle-aska? Kyles (Ir.), + a frith or strait.</p> + + <p>Ask occurs frequently as the first syllable of names in England, and + such places will be almost invariably found connected with water. Camden + mentions a family of distinguished men in Richmondshire named Aske, from + whom perhaps some places derive their names, as <i>p. ex.</i> the + Askhams, Askemoore, &c. Askrigg, however, being in the neighbourhood + of some remarkable waterfalls (Camden), may have reference to them.</p> + + <p>Now, from places let us turn to things, first noticing that + <i>usk</i>, in modern Welsh, means river. In Irish, <i>uisce</i> or + <i>uiske</i> is water. In Hebrew and Chaldee, <i>hisca</i> is to wash or + to drink. (See Introduction to Valancey's <i>Irish Dictionary</i>.) In + the same we find <i>ascu</i> (ancient Irish), a water-serpent or dog; + <i>iasc</i>, fish; <i>easc</i> (Irish), water, same as <i>esk</i>. + Chalmers, in "Caledonia," &c., has easc or esc (Gael.), water; + <i>easc lan</i> (Gael.), the full water.</p> + + <p>Askalabos (Greek), a newt or water reptile; and asker, askard, askel, + ask, and esk, in provincial English, a water-newt. (See <i>Archaic + Dictionary</i>.)</p> + + <p>Masca, the female sea-otter; so called by the Russians.</p> + + <p>Askalopas (Greek), a woodcock or snipe, <i>i.e.</i> a swamp-bird.</p> + + <p>As I said before, there are few words in any of the Indian languages + of North America in which the sound <i>ask</i> occurs; at least as far as + my limited acquaintance with them goes. The only two I can quote just now + are both in the Chippeway. One only has direct reference to water; + perhaps the other may indirectly. They are, <i>woyzask</i>, rushes, + water-plants; <i>mejask</i>, herb, or grass. The only grass the forest + Indians are likely to be acquainted with is that growing in the natural + meadows along the river banks, which are occasionally met with, and these + in general are pretty swampy.</p> + + <p>We may wind up with our <i>cask</i> and <i>flask</i>. I could have + added much more, but fear already to have exceeded what might hope for + admittance in your pages; therefore I will only say that, in offering + these remarks, I insist on nothing, and stand ready to submit to any + correction.</p> + + <p class="author">A. C. M.</p> + + <p class="address">Exeter.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>LEGENDS OF THE COUNTY CLARE.</h3> + + <p>About two miles from the village of Corofin, in the west of Clare, are + the ruins of the Castle of Ballyportree, consisting of a massive square + tower surrounded by a wall, at the corners of which are smaller round + towers: the outer wall was also surrounded by a ditch. The castle is + still so far perfect that the lower part is inhabited by a farmer's + family; and in some of the upper rooms are still remaining massive + chimney-pieces of grey limestone, of a very modern form, the horizontal + portions of which are ornamented with a quatrefoil ornament engraved + within a circle, but there are no dates or armorial bearings: from the + windows of the castle four others are visible, none of them more than two + miles from each other; and a very large cromlech is within a few yards of + the castle ditch. The following legend is related of the + castle:—When the Danes were building the castle (the Danes were the + great builders, as Oliver Cromwell was the great destroyer of all the old + castles, abbeys, &c. in Ireland),—when the Danes were building + the Castle of Ballyportree, they collected workmen from all quarters, and + forced them to labour night and day without stopping for rest or food; + and according as any of them fell down from exhaustion, his body was + thrown upon the wall, which was built up over him! When <!-- Page 491 + --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page491"></a>{491}</span>the castle was + finished, its inhabitants tyrannised over the whole country, until the + time arrived when the Danes were finally expelled from Ireland. + Ballyportree Castle held out to the last, but at length it was taken + after a fierce resistance, only three of the garrison being found alive, + who proved to be a father and his two sons; the infuriated conquerors + were about to kill them also, when one of then proposed that their lives + should be spared, and a free passage to their own country given them, on + condition that they taught the Irishmen how to brew the famous ale from + the heather—that secret so eagerly coveted by the Irish, and so + zealously guarded by the Danes. At first neither promises nor threats had + any effect on the prisoners, but at length the elder warrior consented to + tell the secret on condition that his two sons should first be put to + death before his eyes, alleging his fear, that when he returned to his + own country, they might cause him to be put to death for betraying the + secret. Though somewhat surprised at his request, the Irish chieftains + immediately complied with it, and the young men were slain. Then the old + warrior exclaimed, "Fools! I saw that your threats and your promises were + beginning to influence my sons; for they were but boys, and might have + yielded: but now the secret is safe, your threats or your promises have + no effect on me!" Enraged at their disappointment, the Irish soldiers + hewed the stern northman in pieces, and the coveted secret is still + unrevealed.</p> + + <p>In the South of Scotland a legend, almost word for word the same as + the above, is told of an old castle there, with the exception that, + instead of Danes, the old warrior and his sons are called Pechts. After + the slaughter of his sons the old man's eyes are put out, and he is left + to drag on a miserable existence: he lives to an immense old age, and one + day, when all the generation that fought with him have passed away, he + hears the young men celebrating the feats of strength performed by one of + their number; the old Pecht asks for the victor, and requests him to let + him feel his wrist; the young man feigns compliance with his request, but + places an iron crow-bar in the old man's hand instead of his wrist; the + old Pecht snaps the bar of iron in two with his fingers, remarking + quietly to the astounded spectators, that "it is a gey bit gristle, and + has not much pith in it yet." The story is told in the second volume of + Chambers's <i>Edinburgh Journal</i>, first series, I think; but I have + not the volume at hand to refer to. The similarity between the two + legends is curious and interesting.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Francis Robert Davies.</span></p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>ARCHAIC WORDS.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., p. 400., &c.)</p> + + <p>The following list of words, which do not appear in Mr. Halliwell's + <i>Dictionary of Archaic Words</i>, may form some contribution, however + small, to the enlargement of that and of some of our more comprehensive + English dictionaries. It falls in with the desire already expressed in + "N. & Q.;" and, if the present paper seem worth inserting, may be + followed by another. In some few cases, though the word does appear in + Mr. Halliwell's columns, an authority is deficient; instances having as + it were turned up, and in rather uncommon sources, which seemed + occasionally worth supplying. It must be observed that the explanations + given are, in some instances, mere conjectures, and await more certain + and accurate interpretation.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p><i>Aege</i>, age. <i>The Festyvall</i>, fol. cxii. recto, edit. + 1528.</p> + + <p><i>Advyse</i>, to view attentively. Strype's <i>Memorials</i>, under + <span class="sc">Mary</span>, ch. xxviii. p. 234., folio, or vol. iv. p. + 384. edit. 1816.</p> + + <p><i>Apause</i>, to check. Foxe, <i>Acts and Monuments</i>, vii. 647.; + and Merchant's <i>Second Tale</i>, 2093.</p> + + <p><i>Assemble</i>, to resemble. Bale's <i>Image of both Churches</i>, + Part II. p. 378., edit. 1849.</p> + + <p><i>Beclepe</i>, to embrace. <i>The Festyvall</i>, fol. xxxvi. recto, + edit. 1528: "The ymage—becleped the knyght about the necke, and + kyssed hym."</p> + + <p><i>Bluck</i>, ...(?) "So the true men shall be hunted and + blucked."—<i>The Festyvall</i>, fol. xxvi. recto.</p> + + <p><i>Boystously</i>, roughly. "Salome—boystously handled our + Lady."—<i>The Festyvall</i>, fol. lxvii. verso.</p> + + <p><i>Brince</i>, to introduce, hand out, <i>propino</i>. "Luther first + brinced to Germany the poisoned cup of his heresies."—Harding in + Bishop Jewel's <i>Works</i>, vol. iv. p. 335., edit. Oxford, 1848.</p> + + <p><i>Bussing.</i> "Without the blind bussings of a Papist, may no sin be + solved."—Bishop Bale's <i>Image of both Churches on the + Revelation</i>, ch. xiii. p. 431., edit. Cambridge, 1849.</p> + + <p><i>Croked.</i> A curious application of this word occurs in <i>The + Festyvall</i>, fol. cxxviii. recto: "A croked countenance."</p> + + <p><i>Daying</i>, arbitration. Jewel's <i>Works</i>, i. 387. See Dr. + Jelf's note, <i>in loc.</i></p> + + <p><i>Dedeful</i>, operative? "This vertue is dedefull to all Chrysten + People."—<i>The Festyvall</i>, fol. clxxii. recto.</p> + + <p><i>Do</i>, to do forth; meaning, to proceed with, to go on with, + occurs in <i>The Festyvall</i>. fol. viii. verso.</p> + + <p><i>Domageable</i>, injurious. <i>The Festyvall</i>, fol. cxi. recto: + "How domageable it is to them which use for to saye in theyr bargens and + marchaundyses, makynge to the prejudyce—of their soules."</p> + + <p><i>Dyssclaunderer</i>, a calumniator. "To stone hym (Stephen) to deth + as for a dyssclaunderer."—<i>The Festyvall</i>, fol. lxx. + verso.</p> + + <p><i>Enclense</i>, to make clean. <i>The Festyvall</i>, fol. lxxxviii. + recto.</p> + + <p><i>Enforcement</i>, effort? Erasmus' <i>Enchiridion</i>, 1533, Rule + IV. ch. xii.</p> + +<p><!-- Page 492 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page492"></a>{492}</span></p> + + <p><i>Engrease</i>, to overfeed. "Riches, wherewithal they are fatted and + engreased like swine."—Foxe's <i>Acts and Monuments</i>, v. 615. + edit. 1843.</p> + + <p><i>Ensignement</i>, ... (?) <i>The Festyvall</i>, fol. cliv. recto: + "And whan all the people come so togyder at this ensignement."</p> + + <p><i>Entrecounter</i>, to oppose. Brook's <i>Sermon</i>, 1553, quoted in + Foxe's <i>Acts and Monuments</i>, vol. viii. p. 782.</p> + + <p><i>Fele.</i> An application of this word may be quoted, partaking of a + Grecism, unless we mistake: "And whan the people <i>felte</i> the smell + therof."—<i>The Festyvall</i>, fol. c. recto.</p> + + <p><i>Flytterynge</i>: "lyghtnynge, and not flytterynge."—<i>The + Festyvall</i>, fol. xliv. verso, edit. 1528.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Novus.</span></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Minor Notes.</h2> + + <p><i>Inscriptions on Buildings.</i>—The following inscriptions are + taken from buildings connected with the hospital of Spital-in-the-Street, + co. Lincoln.</p> + + <p>On the chapel:</p> + +<table class="nobctr" summary="Inscription." title="Inscription."> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" style="vertical-align:bottom"> "<span class="sc">Fvi A<sup>o</sup> D<span class="over">n</span>i</span> </td><td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom"> 1398 </td><td class="hspcsingle" style="vertical-align:middle" rowspan="3"> <a href="images/$rbrace.png"><img src="images/$rbrace.png" class="middle" style="height:8ex; width:1em" alt="brace" /></a> </td><td class="hspcsingle" style="vertical-align:middle" rowspan="3"> <span class="sc">Dom Dei & Pavpervm.</span></td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" style="vertical-align:bottom"> <span class="sc">Non Fvi</span> </td><td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom"> 1594 </td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" style="vertical-align:bottom"> <span class="sc">Svm</span> </td><td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom"> 1616 </td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" colspan="4"> <span class="sc">Qvi Hanc Devs Hvnc Destrvet.</span>"</td></tr> +</table> + + <p>On the wall of a cottage, formerly one of the alms-houses:</p> + +<p class="cenhead">"<span class="sc">Deo et Divitibvs.</span><br /> +<span class="sc">A<sup>o</sup> D<span class="over">n</span>i 1620.</span>"</p> + + <p>On the wall of a building now used as a barn, but formerly the + Court-house, in which the Quarter Sessions for the parts of Lindsey were + formerly held, before their transfer to Kirton in Lindsey:</p> + +<p class="cenhead">"<span class="sc">Fiat Ivstitia.</span><br /> +1619."<br /> +"<span class="sc">Hæc Domvs</span><br /> +<span class="sc">Dit, Amat, Pvnit, Conservat, Honorat,</span><br /> +<span class="sc">Eqvitiam, Pacem, Crimina, Jvra, Bonos.</span>"</p> + + <p class="author">L. L. L.</p> + + <p><i>Epitaphs.</i>—The following specimen of rural monumental + Latin is copied from a tombstone in the churchyard of Henbury, + Gloucestershire:</p> + +<p class="cenhead">"Hic jacet<br /> +Requiesant in pace,<br /> +<span class="sc">Henricus Parsones</span>.<br /> +Qui obtit <span class="scac">XXV.</span> die Junes,<br /> +Anno Dominii <span class="scac">MDCCCXLV</span>,<br /> +Ætatis suæ <span class="scac">XX</span>.<br /> +Cujus animia proprietur Christus."</p> + + <p>The following is from the churchyard of Kingston-Seymour, + Somersetshire:</p> + + <div class="contents"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i6hg3">"J. H.</p> + <p>He was universally beloved in the circle of</p> + <p>His acquaintance; but united</p> + <p>In his death the esteem of all,</p> + <p>Namely, by bequeathing his remains."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p class="author">J. K. R. W.</p> + + <p><i>Numbers.</i>—We occasionally see calculations of how often a + given number of persons may vary their position at a table, and each time + produce a fresh arrangement. I believe the result may be arrived at by + progressive multiplication, as thus:</p> + +<table class="nobctr" summary="Inscription." title="Inscription."> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle"> Twice 1 </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 2</td></tr> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle"> </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 3</td></tr> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle"> Giving for three persons </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> <span class="over">6</span> </td><td class="qspcsingle"> changes.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle"> </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 4</td></tr> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle"> Giving for four persons </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> <span class="over">24</span> </td><td class="qspcsingle"> changes.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle"> </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 5</td></tr> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle"> Giving for five persons </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> <span class="over">120</span> </td><td class="qspcsingle"> changes.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle"> </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 6</td></tr> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle"> Giving for six persons </td><td class="qspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> <span class="over">720</span> </td><td class="qspcsingle"> changes,</td></tr> +</table> + + <p>and so <span class="correction" title="Original reads `one'." + >on</span>. Probably also change-ringing is governed by the same mode of + calculation.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. D. Allcroft.</span></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Celtic Language.</span>—As <i>fraus latet in + generalibus</i> in linguistics as in law, I beg to suggest that, instead + of using the word <i>Celtic</i>, the words <i>Gaelic</i>, <i>Cymbric</i>, + <i>Breton</i>, <i>Armorican</i>, <i>Welsh</i>, <i>Irish</i>, &c. + might be properly appropriated. The mother Celtic is lost,—her + remains are to be found only in the names of mountains, rivers, and + countries; and our knowledge of this tongue is derived from an + acquaintance with her two principal daughters, the Gaelic and Cymbric + (=Kymric). The Gaelic tongue has been driven by Germanic invasion into + Ireland (Erse), and into the Highlands of Scotland (Gaelic). The Cymbric + tongue first took refuge in Belgium, known afterwards as Breton, and + still lives as Welsh and Bas-Breton, which (and not the Gaelic) is + nearest of kin in some words to the Latin and Italian.</p> + + <p>To understand this subject, the profound induction of Eichhoff must be + studied carefully.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">T. J. Buckton.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Lichfield.</p> + + <p><i>Illustration of Longfellow</i>—"<i>God's + Acre.</i>"—Longfellow's very beautiful little poem, commencing:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"I like that ancient Saxon phrase, which calls</p> + <p class="i1">The burial-ground God's acre."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>is doubtless familiar to all your readers. It may interest some of + them to know, that the "ancient Saxon phrase" has not yet become + obsolete. I read the words "<span class="scac">GOTTES ACKER</span>," when + at Basle last autumn, inscribed over the entrance to a modern cemetery, + just outside the St. Paul's Gate of that city.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. Sparrow Simpson.</span></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p><!-- Page 493 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page493"></a>{493}</span></p> + +<h2>Queries.</h2> + +<h3>JOHN LOCKE.</h3> + + <p>I shall be much obliged if any gentleman who has the power of access + to the registers of Wrington, Somerset, or who may otherwise take an + interest in the descent of John Locke the philosopher, will kindly assist + me to prove that the parents of that eminent man were as supposed to be + in the accompanying pedigree.</p> + +<pre> +Edmund Keene of Wrington, = Mary, daughter of ... described as a widow, + county Somerset. | October 15, 1631. (Court Roll.) + ________________________|_____________________________________________________________________ + | | | : | +Edmund Keene of = Frances, daughter John. Richard (?). Agnes Keene, married = John Locke ... = ... Morris. +Wrington. Yeoman.| of ... at Wrington, July 15,: /|\ +Will dated | Locke(?). Executrix 1630. : +September 12, | of her ______________________________: +1667 (in which | husband's will. : +he mentions his | John Locke the philosopher, baptized August 29, 1632. +"loving brother | +Peter Locke." | +Who was he?) | + _____________|__________________________________ + | | | | | +Samuel Keene. John, baptized Peter. Sarah. Mary, baptized at Wrington, February 27, 1633, = John Darbie of + : October 8, Both baptized by her father's will had lands at Wrington Shirbourne, + : 1635. October 24, and Ley. Will dat. August 16, 1717. by co. Dorset, + : : 1639. which she devised her estate at Wrington Mercer. + : : to her niece Frances Watkins of Abingdon, (Deed, August + _:_________________: widow, remainder to her son Joseph. Died 16, 1676.) + | November 27, 1717. +Frances Keene. (Daughter of = Joseph Watkins of +Samuel or John?) | Abingdon. + ___________| + | + Joseph Watkins of Clapton, Middlesex, Esq. = Magdalen, daughter of ... Gibbes. + /|\ +</pre> + <p>I observe that in Chalmers' Dictionary the mother of Locke is called + Anne, whereas, in the Wrington register, I am informed that it appears as + Agnes,—"1630, July 15, (married) John Locke and Agnes Keene." I + believe, however, that in former days Anne and Agnes were not + unfrequently confounded, so that the apparent discrepancy may not be + material.</p> + + <p>The best evidence that is at present within my reach, in support of + the connexion here given, is a letter from Mrs. Frances Watkins, a + daughter of either Samuel or John Keene, dated "Abingdon, January, 1754," + addressed to her son "Joseph Watkins, Esq., at John's Coffee House, + Cornhill, London," and from which I make the following extract for the + information of those who may be disposed to look into this question. She + says,—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"I am allied to Mr. Lock thus: His father and my grandmother were + brother and sister, and his mother and my grandfather were also sister + and brother, consequently my father and the great Lock were doubly first + cousins. My grandfather's sister and my grandmother's brother produced + this wonder of the world. To make you more sensible of it, a Lock married + a Keen, and a Keen married a Lock. My aunt Keen was a most beautiful + woman, as was all the family; and my uncle Lock an extream wise man. So + much for genealogy. My Lord Chancellor King was allied thus near. I + forgett whether his mother was a Keen or Lock. I had this information + from my aunt Darby. Mr. Lock had no advantage in his person, but was a + very fine gentleman. From foreign Courts they used to write, 'For John + Lock, Esq., in England.'"</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author">C. J.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Minor Queries.</h2> + + <p>"<i>The Village Lawyer.</i>"—Can you inform me who is the author + of that very popular farce, <i>The Village Lawyer</i>? It was first acted + about the year 1787. It has been ascribed to Mr. Macready, the father of + Mr. W. C. Macready, the eminent tragedian. The real author, however, is + said to have been a dissenting minister in Dublin, and I would be obliged + to any of your readers who could give me his name.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Sigma.</span></p> + + <p><i>Richard Plantagenet, Earl of Cambridge.</i>—In a note in the + first volume of Miss Strickland's <i>Lives of the Queens of Scotland</i>, + she remarks that Bourchier, Earl of Essex, "was near of kin to the royal + family, being grand-nephew to Richard, Duke of York, father of Edward + IV., but did not share the blood of the heiress of March, <i>Jane</i> + Mortimer." I quote from memory, not having the book at hand; but allowing + that Jane for Anne may be a slip of the pen, or a mistake of the press, + where did Miss Strickland discover any second marriage of Richard, Earl + of Cambridge? All pedigrees of the royal family that I have seen agree in + giving him only one wife, and in expressly stating her to be mother to + Isabel, Countess of Essex.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. S. Warden.</span></p> + + <p><i>Highland Regiment.</i>-Can any of your Gaelic or military + correspondents inform me whether it is at present the custom for the + officers in the Highland regiments to wear a dirk in addition to the + broadsword? Also whether the Highland regiments were ever armed with + broadswords, and <!-- Page 494 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page494"></a>{494}</span>whether their drill is different to that + of the other troops of the line? I have somewhere heard it said that the + 28th (an English regiment) were once armed with swords, whence their name + of "The Slashers?" Is this the real origin of the name? and if not, what + is? I should also like to know the origin of the custom of wearing + undress <i>white</i> shell jackets, which are now worn by the + Highlanders?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Arthur.</span></p> + + <p><i>Ominous Storms.</i>—A remark by a labouring man of this town + (Grantham), which is new to me, is to the following effect. In March, and + all seasons when the judges are on circuit, and when there are any + criminals to be hanged, there are always winds and storms, and roaring + tempests. Perhaps there are readers of "N. & Q." who have met with + the same idea.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">John Hawkins.</span></p> + + <p><i>Edward Fitzgerald</i>, born 17th January, 1528, son of Gerald, + ninth Earl of Kildare, and brother of the celebrated "Silken Thomas," an + ancestor of the Duke of Leinster, married Mary, daughter and heiress of + Sir John Leigh of Addington, and widow of Sir Thomas Paston (called + improperly Sir John). There are contradictory pedigrees of the Leigh + family in the <i>Surrey Visitations</i>, <i>e. g.</i> Harl. MSS. 1147. + and 5520. Could one of your correspondents oblige me with a correct + pedigree of this Mary Leigh; she is sometimes called "Mabel?"</p> + + <p class="author">Y. S. M.</p> + + <p><i>Boyle Family.</i>—Allow me to repeat the Query regarding + Richard Boyle (Vol. vii., p. 430.). Richard Boyle, appointed Dean of + Limerick 5th Feb. 1661, and Bishop of Leighlin and Ferns in 1666, died in + 1682. Roger Boyle, the youngest brother of Richard, was born in 1617, and + educated in Trinity College, Dublin, of which he became a Fellow. On the + breaking out of the rebellion of 1641 he went to England, and having + become tutor to Lord Paulet, he continued in that family till the + Restoration, when he returned to Ireland, and was presented with the + Rectory of Carrigaline, diocese of Cork. He was made Dean of Cork in + 1662, and promoted to the Bishopric of Down and Connor 12th Sept. 1667. + He was translated to Clogher, 21st September, 1672, and died 26th + November, 1687. The sister of these prelates was wife to the Rev. Urban + Vigors (Vol. viii., p. 340.). They were near relatives of the great Earl + of Cork, and many of their descendants have been buried in his tomb, in + St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin. I have not seen any reply to my Query + about Mr. Vigors. May I ask is there any list of the chaplains of King + Charles I.?</p> + + <p class="author">Y. S. M.</p> + + <p><i>Inn Signs.</i>—As the subject of inns is being discussed, can + any of your readers tell the origin of "The Green Man and Still?" And is + there any foundation for a statement, that "the chequers" have been found + on Italian wine-shops, and were imported from Egypt, having there been + the emblem of Osiris.</p> + + <p class="author">S. A.</p> + + <p class="address">Oxford.</p> + + <p><i>Demoniacal Descent of the Plantagenets.</i>—In "N. & Q.," + Vol. vii., p. 73., I asked for information as to the demoniacal ancestor + of Henry II., confessing my own ignorance of the tradition. I received no + answer, but was induced to inquire farther by a passage in the article on + "A'Becket" in the <i>Quarterly Review</i>, xciii. 349.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"These words goaded the king into one of those paroxysms of fury to + which all the earlier Plantagenet princes were subject, and which was + believed by them to arise from a mixture of demoniacal blood in their + race."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The following is from Thierry, tom. iii. p. 330., Paris, 1830:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"L'on racontait d'une ancienne Comtesse d'Anjou, aieule du père de + Henri II., que son mari ayant remarqué avec effroi, qu'elle allait + rarement à l'église, et qu'elle en sortait toujours à la sacre de la + messe, s'avisa de l'y faire retenir de force par quatre écuyers; mais + qu'à l'instant de la consécration, la Comtesse, jettant le manteau par + lequel on la tenait, s'était envolée par une fenêtre, et n'avait jamais + reparu. Richard de Poictiers, selon un contemporain, avait coutume de + rapporter cette aventure, et de dire à ce propos: 'Est-il étonnant que, + sortis d'une telle source, nous vivions mal, les uns avec les autres? Ce + qui provient du diable doit retourner au diable.'"</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Thierry quotes <i>Brompton apud Scriptores Rerum Francorum</i>, tom. + xiii. p. 215.:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Istud Ricardus referre solebat, asserens de tali genere procedentes + sese mutuo infestent, tanquam de diabolo venientes, et ad diabolum + transeuntes."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>I shall be glad of any assistance in tracing the story up or down.</p> + + <p class="author">H. B. C.</p> + + <p class="address">U. U. Club.</p> + + <p><i>Anglo-Saxon Graves.</i>—The world is continually hearing now + of researches in Anglo-Saxon graves. I beg to inquire whether Anglo-Saxon + coins or inscriptions have been found in any of these, so as to identify + them with the people to whom these interments are ascribed? or upon what + other proof or authority these graves are so assigned to the + Anglo-Saxons?</p> + + <p class="author">H. E.</p> + + <p><i>Robert Brown the Separatist.</i>—Robert Brown the Separatist, + from whom his followers were called "Brownists." Whom did he marry, and + when? In the <i>Biog. Brit.</i> he is said to have been the son of + Anthony Brown of Tolthorp, Rutland, Esq. (though born at Northampton, + according to Mr. Collier), and grandson of Francis Brown, whom King Henry + VIII., in the eighteenth year of his reign, privileged by charter to wear + his <!-- Page 495 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page495"></a>{495}</span>cap in the royal presence. He was nearly + allied to the Lord Treasurer Cecil Lord Burleigh, who was his friend and + powerful protector. Burleigh's aunt Joan, daughter of David Cyssel of + Stamford (grandfather of the Lord Treasurer) by his second wife, married + Edmund Brown. She was half-sister of Richard Cyssel of Burleigh, the Lord + Treasurer's father. What connexion was there between Edmund Brown and + Anthony Brown of Tolthorp?</p> + + <p>Fuller (<i>Ch. Hist.</i>, b. ix. p. 168.) says, he had a wife with + whom he never lived, and a church in which he never preached. His church + was in Northamptonshire, and he died in Northampton Gaol in 1630.</p> + + <p>From 1589 to 1592 he was master of St. Olave's Grammar School in + Southwark.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">G. R. Corner.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Eltham.</p> + + <p><i>Commissions issued by Charles I. at Oxford.</i>—In Lord + Campbell's <i>Lives of the Chancellors</i>, vol. ii. p. 604., it is + stated that a commission was granted to Lord Keeper Littleton to raise a + corps of volunteers for the royal service among the members of the legal + profession, "and that the docquet of that commission remains among the + instruments passed under the great seal of King Charles I. at Oxford." + P. C. S. S. is very desirous to know where a list of these instruments + can be consulted?</p> + + <p class="author">P. C. S. S.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Minor Queries with Answers.</h2> + + <p><i>Hogmanay.</i>—This word, applied in Scotland to the last day + of the year, is derived by Jamieson (I believe, but have not his + <i>Dictionary</i> to refer to) from the Greek <span title="hagia mênê" class="grk" + >ἁγία μήνη</span>.</p> + + <p>Can any of your correspondents north of the Tweed, or elsewhere, give + the correct source?</p> + + <p class="author">W. T. M.</p> + + <p class="address">Hong Kong.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>[Our correspondent is probably not aware that Brand, in his <i>Popular + Antiquities</i>, vol. i. pp. 457-461. (Bohn's edit.), has devoted a + chapter to this term. Among other conjectural etymologies he adds the + following: "We read in the <i>Scotch Presbyterian Eloquence + Displayed</i>, that it is ordinary among some plebeians in the South of + Scotland to go about from door to door on New Year's Eve, crying + <i>Hagmena</i>, a corrupted word from the Greek <span title="agia mênê" class="grk" + >αγια μηνη</span> <i>i. e.</i> holy + month. John Dixon, holding forth against this custom once, in a sermon at + Kelso, says: 'Sirs, do you know what hagmane signifies? It is, <i>the + devil be in the house!</i> that's the meaning of its <i>Hebrew</i> + original,' p. 102. Bourne agrees in the derivation of Hagmena given in + the <i>Scotch Presbyterian Eloquence Displayed</i>. 'Angli,' says + Hospinian, '<i>Haleg-monath</i>, quasi sacrum mensem vocant.' <i>De + Origine Ethn.</i>, p. 81." See also an ingenious essay on Hagmena in the + <i>Caledonian Mercury</i> for Jan. 2, 1792, from which the most important + parts have been extracted by Dr. Jamieson in his art. "Hogmanay."]</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p><i>Longfellow's "Hyperion."</i>—Can any of your readers tell me + why that magnificent work of Longfellow's, which though in prose contains + more real poetry than nine-tenths of the volumes of verse now published, + is called <i>Hyperion</i>?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Mordan Gillott.</span></p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[Hyperion is an epithet applied to Apollo, and is used by Shakspeare, + <i>Hamlet</i>, Act I. Sc. 2.:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Hyperion to a satyr."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>Warburton says, "This similitude at first sight seems to be a little + far-fetched, but it has an exquisite beauty. By the satyr is meant Pan, + as by Hyperion <i>Apollo</i>. Pan and Apollo were brothers, and the + allusion is to the contention between those gods for the preference in + music." Steevens, on the other hand, believes that Shakspeare "has no + allusion in the present instance, except to the beauty of Apollo, and its + immediate opposite, the deformity of a satyr." Hyperion or Apollo is + represented in all the ancient statues as exquisitely beautiful, the + satyrs hideously ugly.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Sir Hugh Myddelton.</i>—Where was Sir Hugh Myddleton buried? + and has a monument been erected to his memory? I have searched several + encyclopædias and other works, but they make no mention of his place of + sepulture.</p> + + <p>Hughson, I think, states it to be St. Matthew's, Friday Street; but I + believe this is not correct.</p> + + <p class="author">J. O. W.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[There is a statue of Sir Hugh Myddelton, by Carew, in the New Royal + Exchange. See Cunningham's <i>Handbook of London</i>, from which work we + learn (p. 327.) that "the register of St. Matthew's, Friday Street, + abounds in entries relating to the family of Sir Hugh Myddleton." + Cunningham does not mention his burial-place; but in the pedigree of the + family given in Lewis's <i>History of Islington</i>, it is stated that he + was buried in the churchyard of St. Matthew, London.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Sangarede.</i>—The expression "sangarede," or "sangared," + occurs in two ancient wills, one dated 1504, in which the testator + bequeathed—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"To the sepulkyr lyght vi hyves of beene to pray ffor me and my wyffe + in y<sup>e</sup> comon <i>sangered</i>."—<i>Lib. Fuller</i>, f. + 70.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>In the other, dated 1515, this passage occurs:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"I wyll y<sup>t</sup> Ione my wyff here a yeere daye for me yeerly + terme of her lyfe in the church of Mendlshm, and after here decesse + y<sup>e</sup> towne of Mendelyshm here a <i>sangarede</i> for me and my + wyfe in the church of Mendlshm perpetually."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>I should be much obliged if you or one of your correspondents could + furnish me with an intimation of the meaning of the term.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Laicus.</span></p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[Sangared, <i>i. e.</i> the chantry, or chanting, from the Saxon + <i>sangere</i>, a singer.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Salubrity of Hallsal, near Ormskirk, Lancashire.</i>—Between + the 19th of February and the 14th of <!-- Page 496 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page496"></a>{496}</span>May, 1800, ten persons + died in this parish whose ages, as recorded on their tombs in the order + of their departure, were 74, 84, 37, 70, 84, 70, 72, 62, 80, 90. This + year must have been a fatal one to old people. Can any of the + correspondents of "N. & Q." tell anything about the season?</p> + + <p class="author">W. J.</p> + + <p class="address">Bootle.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[The beginning of the year 1800 was unusually severe; in February, ice + covered the ground so completely, that people skaited through the streets + and roads; and in March, easterly winds prevailed with extraordinary + violence. For the verification of these facts, consult the Meteorological + diaries in the <i>Gentleman's Magazine</i> of the above period.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Athens.</i>—What is the origin of the term "violet-crowned + city," as applied to Athens? Macaulay uses the expression in his + <i>History of England</i>, but does not state how it was acquired.</p> + + <p class="author">E. A. T.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[The ancient Greeks and Romans, at their festive entertainments, wore + garlands of flowers, and the violet was the favourite of the Athenians, + than whom no people were more devoted to mirth, conviviality, and sensual + pleasure. Hence the epithet was also given to Venus, <span title="Kupris iostephanos" class="grk" + >Κύπρις + ἰοστέφανος</span>, + as in some <span class="correction" title="Original reads `versus'." + >verses</span> recorded by Plutarch, in his <i>Life of Solon</i>. + Aristophanes twice applies the word to his sybarite countrymen: + <i>Equites</i>, v. 1323., and <i>Acarn.</i> i. 637.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>James Miller.</i>—Who was Miller, mentioned by Warburton as a + writer of farces about 1735?</p> + + <p class="author">I. R. R.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[James Miller, a political and dramatic writer, was born in + Dorsetshire in 1703. He received his education at Wadham College, Oxford; + and while at the university, wrote a satiric piece called <i>The Humours + of Oxford</i>, which created him many enemies, and hindered his + preferment. He also published several political pamphlets against Sir + Robert Walpole; and also the tragedy of <i>Mahomet</i>, and other plays. + He died in 1744.]</p> + +</div> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Replies.</h2> + +<h3>BRYDONE.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. ix., pp 138. 255. 305. 432.)</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Traveller</span> having honoured me by alluding to a + little work of mine, written thirty-five years ago, I may perhaps be + permitted to correct a few errors (trifling, because personal) in his + notice. My affinity was that of a cousin, not uncle, to the late lord my + predecessor. I never had the military rank assigned to me, but was at the + time like <span class="sc">Traveller</span> himself, a "youngster" + freshly emancipated from Oxford to the Continent: and had little more + pretension in printing the extracts from my Journal, than to comply with + the kind wishes of many friends and relatives.</p> + + <p>But to pass to what is more important, the character of Brydone, at + the time I speak of there were no useful <i>handbooks</i> in existence; + and tourists took for the purpose such volumes of travels as they could + carry. Brydone, for this, was unfit. The French criticism (quoted Vol. + ix., 306.) rightly says, that he sacrificed truth to piquancy in his + narrations. Still it is a heavy charge to suspect so gross a deviation, + as that of inventing the description of an ascent which he never + accomplished; especially when the ascent is a feat not at all difficult. + The evidence for this disbelief must be derived from a series of errors + in the account, which I do not remember to have observed while reading + him on the spot. The charitable supposition of <span class="sc">Mr. + Macray</span>, that he mistook the summit, is hardly compatible with so + defined a cone as that of Etna; but all must agree with his just estimate + of that description, and which the <i>Biographie Universelle</i> itself + terms "chef d'œuvre de narration." Brydone, no doubt, is as unsafe + for the road as he is amusing for the study, and perhaps from that very + reason.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Monson.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Gatton Park.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>COLERIDGE'S UNPUBLISHED MSS.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. iv., p. 411.; Vol. vi., p. 533.; Vol. viii., +p. 43.)</p> + + <p>When I sent you my Note on this subject at the last of the above + references, I had not read <i>Letters, Conversations, and Recollections + of S. T. Coleridge</i>, Moxon, 1836. The subjoined extracts from that + work confirm that note, vol. i, pp. 104. 156. 162.</p> + + <p>August 8, 1820. Coleridge:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"I at least am as well as I ever am, and my regular employment, in + which Mr. Green is weekly my amanuensis, [is] the work on the books of + the Old and New Testaments, introduced by the assumptions and postulates + required as the preconditions of a fair examination of Christianity as a + scheme of doctrines, precepts, and histories, drawn or at least deducible + from these books."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>January, 1821. Coleridge:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"In addition to these —— of my <span class="scac">GREAT + WORK,</span> to the preparation of which more than twenty years of my + life have been devoted, and on which my hopes of extensive and permanent + utility, of fame, in the noblest sense of the word, mainly rest, &c. + Of this work, &c., the result must finally be revolution of all that + has been called <i>Philosophy</i> or Metaphysics in England and France + since the era of the commencing predominance of the mechanical system at + the restoration of our second Charles, and with the present fashionable + views, not only of religion, morals, and politics, but even of the modern + physics and physiology.... Of this work, something more than a volume has + been <!-- Page 497 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page497"></a>{497}</span>dictated by me, so as to exist fit for the + press, to my friend and enlightened pupil, Mr. Green; and more than as + much again would have been evolved and delivered to paper, but that for + the last six or eight months I have been compelled to break off our + weekly meeting," &c.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Vol. ii. p. 219. Editor:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"The prospectus of these lectures (viz. on Philosophy) is so full of + interest, and so well worthy of attention, that I subjoin it; trusting + that the Lectures themselves will soon be furnished by, or under the + auspices of Mr. Green, the most constant and the most assiduous of his + disciples. That gentleman will, I earnestly hope—<i>and doubt + not</i>—see, <i>feel</i>, the necessity of giving the whole of his + great master's views, opinions, and anticipations; not those alone in + which he more entirely sympathises, or those which may have more ready + acceptance in the present time. He will not shrink from the great, the + <i>sacred duty</i> he has voluntarily undertaken, from any regards of + prudence, still less from that most hopeless form of fastidiousness, the + wish to conciliate those who are never to be conciliated, <i>inferior + minds</i> smarting under a sense of inferiority, and the imputation + <i>which they are conscious is just</i>, that but for Him <i>they</i> + never could have been; that distorted, dwarfed, changed, as are all his + views and opinions, by passing <i>athwart</i> minds with which they could + not assimilate, they are yet almost the only things which give such minds + a <i>status</i> in literature."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>How has Mr. Green discharged the duties of this solemn trust? Has he + made any attempt to give publicity to the <i>Logic</i>, the "great work" + on <i>Philosophy</i>, the work on the Old and New Testaments, to be + called <i>The Assertion of Religion</i>, or the <i>History of + Philosophy</i>, all of which are in his custody, and of which the first + is, on the testimony of Coleridge himself, a finished work? We know from + the <i>Letters</i>, vol. ii. pp. 11. 150., that the <i>Logic</i> is an + essay in three parts, viz. the "Canon," the "Criterion," and the + "Organon;" of these the last only can be in any respect identical with + the <i>Treatise on Method</i>. There are other works of Coleridge + missing; to these I will call attention in a future Note. For the four + enumerated above Mr. Green is responsible. He has lately received the + homage of the University of Oxford in the shape of a D.C.L.; he can + surely afford a fraction of the few years that may still be allotted to + him in re-creating the fame of, and in discharging his duty to, his great + master. If, however, he cannot afford the time, trouble, and cost of the + undertaking, I make him this public offer; I will, myself, take the + responsibility of the publication of the above-mentioned four works, if + he will entrust me with the MSS.</p> + + <p>The Editor will, I doubt not, be good enough to forward to the learned + Doctor a copy of the Number in which this appeal is published.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">C. Manfield Ingleby.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Birmingham.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>MR. JUSTICE TALFOURD AND DR. BEATTIE.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. ix., p 393.)</p> + + <p>There is so much similarity of character, in respect of sympathy for + the humbler position and the well-being of others, between this lamented + judge and that of the professor who is depicted by his biographer in the + following extract, that I hope you will agree with me in thinking it + worthy of being framed, and hung up as a companion-sketch in your + pages:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"As a Professor, not his own class only, but the whole body of + students at the University, looked up to him with esteem and veneration. + The profound piety of the public prayers, with which he began the + business of each day, arrested the attention of the youngest and most + thoughtless; the excellence of his moral character; his gravity blended + with cheerfulness, his strictness joined with gentleness, his favour to + the virtuous and diligent, and even the mildness of his reproofs to those + who were less attentive, rendered him the object of their respect and + admiration. Never was more exact discipline preserved than in his class, + nor ever anywhere by more gentle means. His sway was absolute, because it + was founded in reason and affection. He never employed a harsh epithet in + finding fault with any of his pupils; and when, instead of a rebuke which + they were conscious they deserved, they met merely with a mild reproof, + it was conveyed in such a manner as to throw not only the delinquent, but + sometimes the whole class into tears. To gain his favour was the highest + ambition of every student; and the gentlest word of disapprobation was a + punishment, to avoid which, no exertion was deemed too much. His great + object was not merely to make his pupils philosophers, but to render them + good men, pious Christians, loyal to their king, and attached to the + British constitution; pure in morals, happy in the consciousness of a + right conduct, and friends to all mankind."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>This is the language of Dr. Beattie's biographer, who knew him + intimately. Cowper, the poet, thus writes of him to the Rev. W. Unwin, + from a knowledge of his works:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"I thanked you in my last for Johnson; I now thank you with more + emphasis for Beattie—the most agreeable and amiable writer I ever + met with—the only author I have seen whose critical and + philosophical researches are diversified and embellished by a poetical + imagination, that makes even the driest subject, and the leanest, a feast + for an epicure in books. He is so much at his ease too, that his own + character appears in every page; and, which is rare, we see not only the + writer, but the man; and that man so gentle, so well-tempered, so happy + in his religion, and so humane in his philosophy, that it is necessary to + love him, if one has any sense of what is lovely."—<i>Life of Dr. + Beattie</i>, by Sir William Forbes, Bart.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author">J. M.</p> + + <p class="address">Oxford.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<p><!-- Page 498 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page498"></a>{498}</span></p> + +<h3>RUSSIAN "TE DEUM."</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. ix., p. 325.)</p> + + <p>The following is a translation of this Greek doxology, as contained in + the Prayer-Book of the Greek Church, under the title '<span + title="Hôrologion to mega, Benatiai, Tupog. Nikulaou Glukê" class="grk" + >Ὡρολόγιον + τό μεγα, + Βενατίᾳ, + Τυπογ. + Νικυλάου + Γλυκή</span>, 1845, p. 75.:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>1. Glory to Thee, the Giver of light.</p> + + <p>2. Glory to God on high, and on earth peace, good-will towards + men.</p> + + <p>3. We praise Thee, we bless Thee, we worship Thee, we glorify thee, we + give thanks to Thee for Thy great glory;</p> + + <p>4. O Lord King, heavenly God, Father Almighty, O Lord, only begotten + Son Jesus Christ, and Holy Spirit.</p> + + <p>5. O Lord God, Lamb of God, Son of the Father, that taketh away the + sin of the world; have mercy upon us, Thou that takest away the sins of + the world.</p> + + <p>6. Accept our prayer; Thou that sittest at the Father's right hand, + have mercy on us:</p> + + <p>7. For Thou only art holy; Thou only, Lord Jesus Christ, art in the + glory of God the Father. Amen.</p> + + <p>8. Day by day I bless Thee, and I praise Thy name for ever, and for + all eternity.</p> + + <p>9. Vouchsafe, Lord, this day to keep me sinless.</p> + + <p>10. Blessed art Thou, Lord, the God of our fathers; and praised and + glorified be Thy name for ever. Amen.</p> + + <p>11. Lord, let Thy mercy be on us, as we trust in Thee.</p> + + <p>12. Blessed art Thou, Lord; teach me Thy statutes.</p> + + <p>13. Lord, Thou hast been our refuge from one generation to + another.</p> + + <p>14. I said, Lord be merciful unto me; heal my soul, for I have sinned + against Thee.</p> + + <p>15. Lord, I fly to Thee; teach me to do Thy will, for Thou art my + God;</p> + + <p>16. For with Thee is a well of life, in Thy light shall we see + light.</p> + + <p>17. Extend Thy mercy to them that know Thee.</p> + + <p>18. O holy God, holy Strength, holy Immortal, have mercy on us. + Amen.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Verses 2. to 7. are identical with the <i>Gloria in Excelsis</i>, or + the Angelic Hymn, sung at the conclusion of the Lord's Supper in the + Anglican Church, but which commences the Mass in the Romish Church. It is + of great antiquity, being attributed to Telesphorus, A.D. 139, and is + found in the <i>Apostolic Constitutions</i>, vii. c. 48.</p> + + <p>Verses 8, 9. 11. are the same as in the Latin <i>Te Deum</i>.</p> + + <p>Verse 12. is from Psalm cxix. 12.</p> + + <p>Verse 13. is from Psalm xc. 1.</p> + + <p>Verse 14. is from Psalm xli. 4.</p> + + <p>Verse 15. is from Psalm cxliii. 9, 10.</p> + + <p>Verse 16. is from Psalm xxxvi. 9.</p> + + <p>Verse 17. is from Psalm xxxvi. 10.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">T. J. Buckton.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Lichfield.</p> + + <p>In answer to your correspondent <span class="sc">Honoré de + Marevelle's</span> Query regarding the <i>Te Deum</i> as sung in Russia, + I beg to inform him that in whatever language the Emperor Nicholas is + most familiar with this hymn, it is sung in all their churches in + Sclavonic, which is only intelligible to the priests and a <i>very + small</i> number of the laity, the mass of the people being quite + ignorant of this old language. All the services in Russian churches are + performed in Sclavonic.</p> + + <p>The <i>Old</i> Testament is not permitted to be read by the people in + modern Russ, by command of the Emperor; it is circulated sparingly in + Sclavonic, which is of course useless to most of the people, for the + reason named above. The <i>New</i> Testament is, however, allowed to + circulate in modern Russ, and not <i>half</i> the population read that, + perhaps not more than a third.</p> + + <p>With regard to their images or pictures (alluded to by me in Vol. + viii., p. 582.), I had not only perused the works mentioned by G. W. + (Vol. ix., p. 86.) before I wrote about the Russian religion, &c., + but several other works besides.<a name="footnotetag1" + href="#footnote1"><sup>[1]</sup></a></p> + + <p>Having been in the country for some little time, and paid some + attention to the subject, I was certainly surprised to find little, if + any, mention made of their manner of worship or superstitious customs in + Dr. Blackmore's works, and wished to contribute my mite towards giving + your readers some information as to the state of this semi-civilised + race.</p> + + <p>From <i>Translations of Russian Works</i> you can glean nothing but + what the Russian government chooses, as every work goes through a severe + censorship before it is allowed to be printed for circulation; and if + there is anything in it that is not liked, it is not permitted to be + published unless those parts are suppressed.</p> + + <p>It is perhaps only partially known that there is some difficulty in + getting English books and newspapers into Russia, as all must go through + the censor's office. <i>The Times</i> (which is however all but, if not + quite, prohibited at St. Petersburg, and has been so a long time), + <i>Punch</i>, and other of our papers, possess a ludicrous appearance + after having passed through the hands of the worthies in the censor's + office, sometimes there being very little left of them to read.</p> + + <p>Whilst writing about images, I omitted to name one or two other + circumstances that have come under my own notice, showing still farther + the superstitious veneration in which they are held by the Russians.</p> + + <p>In the case of a house on fire, one of the inmates, with his head + uncovered, carries the image three times round the burning house, under + the <!-- Page 499 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page499"></a>{499}</span>belief that it will cause the fire to + cease, never attempting to put it out by any other means.</p> + + <p>At Moscow there is a very noted image of the Virgin Mary; it is + deposited in a recess at one side of an archway leading to the Kremlin. + Every person passing through this archway is <i>obliged</i> to uncover + his head. I had to do so whenever I passed through. The belief of the + efficacy of this image in healing diseases is universal. When any person + is ill, by paying the priests handsomely, they will bring it with great + pomp, in a carriage and four horses, to the sick person's house, who + <i>must</i> recover, or else, if death ensues, they say it is <i>so + fated</i>.</p> + + <p>Instances of other images in various parts of the empire, some + believed to have fallen from heaven, might be multiplied to any extent. I + mention these to show that, whatever these representations of the Deity + may be called, I had not written unadvisedly previously, as might be + surmised by G. W.'s remarks. Everybody must deplore the wretched + condition of these people; and the Czar, well knowing their superstitious + ideas, works upon their fanatical minds with such letters as we all have + had the sorrow of seeing a specimen of in <i>The Times</i> of to-day.<a + name="footnotetag2" href="#footnote2"><sup>[2]</sup></a></p> + + <p class="author">J. S. A.</p> + + <p class="address">May 15, 1854.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <a name="footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b><a + href="#footnotetag1">(return)</a> + <p>Owing to an error in my original MS., or of the printers, they were + called <i>the "gods,"</i> instead of <i>their gods</i>, answering to the + ancient <i>penates</i>.</p> + + <a name="footnote2"></a><b>Footnote 2:</b><a + href="#footnotetag2">(return)</a> + <p>Vide Nicholas to the Commandant of Odessa.</p> + +</div> +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>ARTESIAN WELLS.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. ix., p. 222.)</p> + + <p>Your correspondent <span class="sc">Stylites</span> is strongly + advised not to set about making, or rather endeavouring to make, a well + of this description till he has been well advised of the feasibility of + the scheme in his particular locality. The old adage will apply in this + case, "Ex quovis ligno," &c. It is not everywhere that an artesian + well can be obtained with any depth of bore; that is, a well which shall + bring its water to or above the surface of the ground. But if, on + sufficient knowledge of the mineralogical structure of the country, it be + declared that a well of the true artesian sort cannot be obtained, <span + class="sc">Stylites</span> should dig his well, say fifteen or twenty + feet deep, and "stein" it, and then bore in search of a spring, unless a + sufficient supply is already obtained from the surface drainage. A + moderate outlay in this way, unless the impervious stratum be of very + great thickness indeed, will generally bring up water, with a natural + tendency to rise within reach of a common pump, or of a well-bucket at + the least.</p> + + <p>But it may still happen that the water of the bore has not this + natural tendency. In that case the sinking of the well may be continued + till the water is reached, and a sufficient depth of reservoir obtained + at the bottom.</p> + + <p class="author">M. (2)</p> + + <p>As practical answers to the inquiries of <span + class="sc">Stylites</span> on this subject, I have to say, that common + wells are preferable to artesian in all cases where abundance of water is + obtained at a depth not exceeding thirty feet. I need not tell <span + class="sc">Stylites</span> that the common sucking-pump will not draw up + water from a depth exceeding thirty feet. The convenience of common wells + is one reason why artesian ones are not universally adopted; and a + greater reason is that artesian wells are very much more expensive to + make than common ones. When artesian wells are preferable to common ones + is, when water cannot be obtained at a depth beyond the reach of the + force-pump. Two of my friends have made artesian wells; one a + mill-spinner at Dundee, at a time when that town was very ill supplied + with water. He sunk a well 150 feet in depth and found no water. A bore + was then made through trap rock for upwards of 150 feet, and water was + found in abundance on reaching the underlying sandstone. The water + ultimately reached near to the top of the well. The other well was made + by a bleacher in the neighbourhood of Lisburn in Ireland. All the surface + springs in his bleaching-grounds, which are extensive, did not supply a + sufficient quantity for his purposes. The subsoil being boulder clay, he + had to bore through it to about 300 feet before the water was met with; + when it rose as near the top of the bore as to permit the use of a common + pump being worked by power. The theory of the action of artesian wells + has been explained by <span class="sc">Mr. Buckton</span> (Vol. ix., p. + 283.), but I have no hesitation in telling <span + class="sc">Stylites</span> that he will find water almost anywhere in + this country by means of an artesian bore.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Henry Stephens.</span></p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>DOG-WHIPPERS.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. ix., p. 349.)</p> + + <p>The following Notes may contain information for your correspondent + C. F. W. on the subject of dog-whippers.</p> + + <p>Richard Dovey, of Farmcote in Shropshire, in the year 1659, charged + certain cottages with the payment of eight shillings to some poor man of + the parish of Claverley, who should undertake to awaken sleepers, and + <i>whip dogs from the church</i> during divine service. Ten shillings and + sixpence per annum is now paid for the above service.</p> + + <p>John Rudge by his will, dated in 1725, gave five shillings a quarter + to a poor man to go about the parish church of Trysull, in Staffordshire, + during sermon, to keep people awake, and <i>keep dogs out of the + church</i>. This sum is still paid for that purpose.</p> + + <p>At Chislet, in Kent, is a piece of land called "Dog-whipper's Marsh," + about two acres, out of <!-- Page 500 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page500"></a>{500}</span>which the tenants pay ten shillings a year + to a person for <i>keeping order in the church</i> during divine + service.</p> + + <p>There is an acre of land in the parish of Peterchurch, Herefordshire, + appropriated to the use of a person for <i>keeping dogs out of the + church</i>.</p> + + <p>In the parish of Christchurch, Spitalfields, there is a charity fund + called "cat and dog money," the interest on which is now divided annually + amongst six poor widows of weavers of the names of Fabry or Ovington. + There is a tradition in the parish that this money was originally left + for the support of cats and dogs, but it is more probable that it was + originally intended, as in the cases above mentioned, to "whip dogs and + cats" out of the church during divine service, and that on the unforeseen + increase in the fund after a lapse of years, it became appropriated in + the present way. This money was the subject of a chancery suit in the + last century, and the decree therein directed the present division.</p> + + <p>Many of your readers will call to mind the yelp of some poor cur who + had strolled through the open door of a country church on some sultry + day, and been ejected by the sexton. I myself have often listened to the + pit-a-pat in the quiet aisle, and I once remember a disturbance in church + caused by the quarrel of two dogs. Such scenes, and the fact that dogs + were considered unclean animals, most likely gave rise to the occupation + of dog-whipper as a function of the sexton. It will also be remembered + that some dogs cannot forbear a howl at the sound of certain musical + instruments; and besides the simple inconvenience to the congregation, + this howl may have been considered a manifestation of antipathy to holy + influences, as the devil was supposed to fear holy water.</p> + + <p>Landseer's well-known picture of "The Free Church" proves to us that + amongst the Highland shepherds the office does not now at least exist: + and amongst other instances of the regular attendance at church of these + "unclean animals," I know one in Wales where a favourite dog always + accompanied his master to church, and stood up in the corner of the pew, + keeping watch over the congregation with the strictest decorum.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">A Notary.</span></p> + + <p>That persons bearing an office described by such a name were attached + to great houses in the sixteenth century, is clear from the well-known + passage in <i>The Two Gentlemen of Verona</i>, Act IV. Sc. 4., where + Launce says,—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"I, having been acquainted with the smell before, knew it was Crab; + and goes me to the <i>fellow that whips the dogs</i>: 'Friend,' quoth I, + 'you mean to whip the dog?' 'Ay, marry do I,' quoth he," &c.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author">W. B. R.</p> + + <p class="address">Derby.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>CEPHAS, A BINDER, AND NOT A ROCK.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. ix., p. 368.)</p> + + <p>I hope you will allow me to give a few reasons for dissenting from + <span class="sc">Mr. Margoliouth</span>. I will promise to spare your + space and avoid controversy.</p> + + <p>1. The Hebrew word <i>Caphis</i> is only to be found in Hab. ii. 11. + Hence it has been regarded as of somewhat uncertain signification. + However, by comparison with the Syrian verb <span lang="he" class="heb" + title="KPS" ><bdo dir="rtl">כפס</bdo></span>‎ + (<i>c'phas</i>), we infer that it may denote that which <i>grasps</i>, + <i>gathers</i>, or <i>holds together</i>; it is therefore not synonymous + with <span title="deô" class="grk">δέω</span>, which + is to <i>bind</i>, and is used in Matt. xvi. 19.</p> + + <p>2. Proper names from the Hebrew, Chaldee, and Syriac, are generally + written in Greek, with the terminations of that language, as <i>e. g.</i> + Jesus, John, James, Thomas, Judas, &c., and these terminations are + <i>added</i> to the radical letters of the name, which are all retained. + It is easy to see that <i>Caphis</i> would become <i>Caphisus</i>, while + <i>Cepho</i> (Syriac for <i>rock</i>) would become <i>Cephas</i>, just as + <i>Ehudo</i> (Syriac, <i>Jude</i>) becomes <i>Judas</i>.</p> + + <p>3. Still less likely would the name <i>Caphis</i> be to lose a radical + in its transfer to the Syriac, where Cephos is represented by + <i>Cepho</i>, without <i>s</i>.</p> + + <p>4. The paronomasia exhibited in the Latin, "Tu es <i>Petrus</i>, et + super hanc <i>petram</i>," also appears both in the Greek and the + Syriac.</p> + + <p>5. The difference of gender between the words <i>Petrus</i> and + <i>petra</i>, moreover, is preserved in the Syriac and appears in the + Greek.</p> + + <p>6. The figure of binding and loosing (v. 19.) is one which was common + to the three languages, Greek, Chaldee, and Syriac, in all of which it + denotes "to remit or retain" sins, "to confirm or abolish" a law, + &c.</p> + + <p>7. The occurrence of this figure in ch. xviii. 18., where the + reference is not special to Peter, but general to all the apostles. + (Compare John xx. 23.)</p> + + <p>8. The Syriac uniformly translates the name Peter by Cepho + (<i>i. e.</i> Cephas), except once or twice in Peter's epistles. This at + least indicates their view of its meaning.</p> + + <p>On the whole I see no reason to suppose that Cephas means anything but + <i>stone</i>; certainly there is much less reason for the proposed + signification of <i>binder</i>.</p> + + <p>In John i. 42., the clause which explains the name Cephas is absent + from the Syriac version in accordance with the regular and necessary + practice of the translators to avoid tautology: "Thou shalt be called + <i>Stone</i>; which is by interpretation <i>Stone!</i>" (See the + <i>Journal of Sacred Literature</i> for January last, p. 457., for + several examples of this.) There is here surely sufficient reason to + account for the omission of this clause, which, it <!-- Page 501 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page501"></a>{501}</span>appears, is supported + by universal MS. authority, as well as by that of the other versions.</p> + + <p class="author">B. H. C.</p> + + <p>The paronomasia of <i>Kipho</i> (=Rock) was made in the Syro-Chaldaic + tongue, the vernacular language of our Lord and his disciples. The + apostle John, writing in Greek (i. 43.), explains the meaning of + <i>Kipho</i> (<span title="Kêphas" class="grk" + >Κηφᾶς</span>) by the usual Greek phrase + <span title="ho hermêneuetai Petros" class="grk">ὅ + ἑρμηνεύεται + Πέτρος</span>, which phrase was + necessarily omitted in the Syriac version, where this word <i>Kipho</i> + was significant, in the original sense, as used by our Lord, and + therefore needed no such hermeneutic explanation. Had our Lord spoken in + Greek, and had the name <span title="Kêphas" class="grk" + >Κηφᾶς</span> been <i>idem sonans</i> with + <span lang="he" class="heb" title="KPYS" ><bdo + dir="rtl">כפיס</bdo></span>‎ (Hab. ii. + 11.)—which, however, is not the case,—some slender support + might have been thereby afforded to <span class="sc">Mr. + Margoliouth's</span> argument; but as he admits that our Lord did + <i>not</i> speak in the Greek tongue, such argument falls to the ground + as void of all probability.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">T. J. Buckton.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Lichfield.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>WHITTINGTON'S STONE.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. ix., p. 397.)</p> + + <p>The disappearance of this celebrated memorial of a questionable + legend, seems to have been satisfactorily accounted for. The newspapers + inform us that it has been taken to a mason's yard for the purpose of + reparation.</p> + + <p>Those who lament the removal of the stone on which, as they imagine, + the runaway apprentice sat listening to the bells of Cheap, will perhaps + be surprised to hear that the object of their regret is at least the + <i>third</i> of the stones which have successively stood upon the spot + long since the days of Whittington.</p> + + <p>1. In a learned and interesting paper communicated to the pages of + <i>Sylvanus Urban</i> (G. M. Dec. 1852) by T. E. T. (a well-known and + respected local antiquary, who will yet, it is sincerely hoped, enrich + our libraries with a work on the ancient history of the northern suburbs, + a task for which he is pre-eminently qualified), it is shown that in all + probability the site in question was once occupied by a wayside cross, + belonging to the formerly adjacent lazar-house and chapel of St. Anthony. + A certain engraving of 1776, mentioned by Mr. T., and which is now before + me, represents a small obelisk or pyramid standing upon a square base, + and surmounted by a cross, apparently of iron. The stone (popularly + regarded as the original) was removed in 1795 by "one S——," + the surveyor of the roads. Having been broken, or as another account + states, sawn in two, the halves were placed as curb-stones against the + posts on each side of Queen's Head Lane in the Lower Street. (Nelson's + <i>Hist. of Islington</i>, 1811, p. 102.; <i>Gent. Mag.</i>, Sept. and + Oct. 1824, pp. 200. 290.; Lewis's <i>Hist. of Islington</i>, 1841, p. + 286.) In <i>Adams's Picturesque Guide to the Environs of London</i>, by + E. L. Blanchard (a recent but dateless little work, which I chanced to + open at a book-stall a day or two ago), the present Queen's Head tavern + in the Lower Street is mentioned as containing certain relics of its + predecessor, "with the real Whittington stone (it is said) for a + threshold."</p> + + <p>2. Shortly after the removal of this supposed "original," a new + memorial was erected, with the inscription "Whittington's Stone." This + was, for some cause, removed by order of the churchwardens in May, + 1821.</p> + + <p>3. In his second edition, 1823, Nelson says, "The present stone was + set up in 1821, by the trustees of the parish ways." This is the stone + which has lately been removed.</p> + + <p class="author">H. G.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE.</h3> + + <p><i>Photographic Experience.</i>—I send you the Rev. W. Le + Mottée's and mine:</p> + +<table class="nobctr" summary="Photographic recipes." title="Photographic recipes."> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:center" colspan="3"> W. Le M. </td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle"> 1. </td><td class="hspcsingle" colspan="2"> 6 minutes' exposure.</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle"> 2. </td><td class="hspcsingle" colspan="2"> Sea-side.</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" style="vertical-align:middle" rowspan="3"> 3. +</td><td class="hspcsingle" style="vertical-align:middle" rowspan="3"> <a href="images/$lbrace.png"><img src="images/$lbrace.png" class="middle" style="height:8ex; width:1em" alt="brace" /></a> +</td><td class="hspcsingle"> <i>Iod.</i>—Double iod. sol. from 25 gr. N. A. to 1 oz.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle"> <i>Exc.</i>—5<a href="images/minim.png"><img src="images/minim.png" class="middle" style="height:2ex" alt="minim" /></a> 50 gr. A. N. A. 5<a href="images/minim.png"><img src="images/minim.png" class="middle" style="height:2ex" alt="minim" /></a> G. A. Aq. 2 drs.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle"> <i>Dev.</i>—1<sup>o</sup> 50 gr. A. N. A. and G. A. part. æq. 2<sup>o</sup> G. A. </td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle"> 4. </td><td class="hspcsingle" colspan="2"> Turner.</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle"> 5. </td><td class="hspcsingle" colspan="2"> ⅜ inch.</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle"> 6. </td><td class="hspcsingle" colspan="2"> 3 inches.</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle"> 7. </td><td class="hspcsingle" colspan="2"> Diam. lens 3 in. Foc. length parallel rays 12¾ in. +Maker, Slater. Picture 8½ x 6½.</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:center" colspan="3"> <br />T. L. M.</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle"> 1. </td><td class="hspcsingle" colspan="2"> 10 minutes.</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle"> 2. </td><td class="hspcsingle" colspan="2"> Sea-side.</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" style="vertical-align:middle" rowspan="3"> 3. +</td><td class="hspcsingle" style="vertical-align:middle" rowspan="3"> <a href="images/$lbrace.png"><img src="images/$lbrace.png" class="middle" style="height:8ex; width:1em" alt="brace" /></a> +</td><td class="hspcsingle"> <i>Iod.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle"> <i>Exc.</i> As Le M.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle"> <i>Dev.</i></td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle"> 4. </td><td class="hspcsingle" colspan="2"> Turner.</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle"> 5. </td><td class="hspcsingle" colspan="2"> ⅜ inch.</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle"> 6. </td><td class="hspcsingle" colspan="2"> 3⅛ inches.</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle"> 7. </td><td class="hspcsingle" colspan="2"> Diam. lens 3¼ in. Foc. length 17½ in. Maker, +Slater. Picture 11½ x 9¼.</td></tr> +</table> + + <p>I have given the development according to the plan usually followed, + for the sake of comparison; but where it is desirable to work out the + shadows fully, it is far better to give longer exposure in the camera + (three times that above given), and develop with gallo-nitrate of the + strength used to excite, finishing with gallic acid. The time varies with + the subject; a cottage among trees requiring 12 to 14 minutes. Almost all + the statements I have seen, giving the time, do so absolutely; it is well + to remind photographers, that these convey no <i>information + whatever</i>, unless the focal length for parallel rays, and the diameter + of the diaphragm, are also given: the time, in practice as well as in + theory, varying (<i>cæteris paribus</i>) directly as the <!-- Page 502 + --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page502"></a>{502}</span>square of the + former, and inversely as the square of the latter; and, without these + corrections, the results of one lens are not comparable with those of + another.</p> + + <p>When shall we get a good structureless paper? The <i>texture</i> of + Turner's, especially his new paper, is a great defect; and its skies are + thin, <i>very</i> inferior to the dense velvety blacks obtained with + Whatman's of old date—a paper now extinct, and one which, + unfortunately for us, it seems impossible to reproduce.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">T. L. Mansell.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Guernsey.</p> + + <p><i>Conversion of Calotype Negatives into Positives.</i>—At the + second meeting of the British Association at York, Professor Grove + described a process by which a negative calotype might be converted into + a positive one, by drawing an ordinary calotype image over iodide of + potassium and dilute nitric acid, and exposing to a full sunshine. Not + being able to find the proportions in any published work, can any of your + numerous readers give me the required information; and whether the + photograph should be exposed in its damp state, or allowed to dry?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">G. Grantham.</span></p> + + <p><i>Albumenized Paper.</i>—Mr. Spencer, in the last number of the + <i>Photographic Journal</i>, in describing a mode of preparing + albumenized paper, states he has never found it necessary to iron it, as + the silver solution coagulates the albumen the moment it comes in contact + with it, "and I fancy makes it print more evenly than when heat has been + employed." But Mr. Spencer uses a nitrate of silver solution of 90 or 100 + grains to the ounce, while <span class="sc">Dr. Diamond</span> recommends + 40 grains. Now as it is very desirable to get rid of the ironing if + possible, my Query is, Will the 40-grain solution coagulate the albumen + so as to do away with that troublesome process?</p> + + <p class="author">P. P.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Replies to Minor Queries.</h2> + + <p><i>Table-turning</i> (Vol. ix., p. 39.).—The following + conclusions, from an <i>exposé</i> of the laws of nature relating to this + subject, have been submitted to the world, at the end of a series of + articles in the <i>Revue des Deux Mondes</i>, by M. Babinet, of the + French Institute:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"1<sup>o</sup>. Que tout ce qui est raisonnablement admissible dans + les curieuses expériences qui ont été faites sur le mouvement des tables + où l'on impose les mains, est parfaitement explicable par l'énergie bien + connue des mouvemens naissans de nos organes, pris à leur origine, + surtout quand une influence nerveuse vient s'y joindre et au moment où, + toutes les impulsions étant conspirantes, l'effet produit représente + l'effet total des actions individuelles.</p> + + <p>"2<sup>o</sup>. Que dans l'étude consciencieuse de ces phénomènes + mécanico-physiologiques, il faudra écarter toute intervention de force + mystérieuse en contradiction avec les lois physiques bien établies par + l'observation et l'expérience.</p> + + <p>"3<sup>o</sup>. Qu'il faudra aviser à populariser, non pas dans la + peuple, mais bien dans la classe éclairée de la société, les principes + des sciences. Cette classe si importante, dont l'autorité devrait faire + loi pour toute la nation, s'est déjà montrée plusieurs fois au-dessous de + cette noble mission. La remarque n'est pas de moi, mais au besoin je + l'adopte et la défends:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg1">'Si les raisons manquaient, je suis sûr qu'en tout cas,</p> + <p>Les exemples fameux ne me manqueraient pas!'</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>Comme le dit Molière. Il est à constater que l'initiative des + réclamations en faveur du bon sens contre les prestiges des tables et des + chapeaux a été prise par les membres éclairés du clergé de France.</p> + + <p>"4<sup>o</sup>. Enfin, les faiseurs des miracles sont instamment + suppliés de vouloir bien, s'ils ne peuvent s'empêcher d'en faire, au + moins ne pas les faire absurdes. Imposer la croyance à un miracle, c'est + déjà beaucoup dans ce siècle; mais vouloir nous convaincre de la réalité + d'un miracle ridicule, c'est vraiment être trop exigeant!"—<i>Revue + des Deux Mondes</i>, Janvier 15, 1854.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author">J. M.</p> + + <p class="address">Oxford.</p> + + <p><i>Female Dress</i> (Vol. ix., p. 271.).—I have dresses from + 1768 to the present time, two or three years only missing, from + pocket-books, which I have carefully arranged and had bound in a volume. + On referring to it I find that hoops ceased after 1786, excepting for + court days. The ladies at that time wore large hats, the same shape young + people and children have at the present day. Powder went out at the time + of the scarcity, patches before hoops, and high-heeled shoes when short + waists came in fashion.</p> + + <p>I have a small engraving of their Majesties, attended by the lord + chamberlain, &c., together with the Princess Royal, Prince Edward, + and the Princess Elizabeth, in their boxes at the opera in the year 1782. + The queen in a very large hoop, each with their hair full powdered; and + the celebrated Mademoiselle Theodore, in the favourite comic ballad + called "Les Petits Reins," the same year, with a large hoop, hair well + powdered, a little hat at the back of her head with long strings, very + short petticoats, and shoes with buckles.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Julia R. Bockett.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Southcote Lodge.</p> + + <p><i>Office of Sexton held by one Family</i> (Vol. ix., p. + 171.).—A search into parish registers would, I think, show that the + office of clerk was often a hereditary one. In Worcestershire, for + example, the family of Rose at Bromsgrove, and the family of Osborne at + Belbroughton, have supplied hereditary clerks to those parishes through + many generations. In the latter case, also, the trade of a tailor has + also been hereditary to an Osborne, in conjunction with his duties as + clerk. The Mr. Tristram, who was the patron of the living of Belbroughton + (afterwards sold to St. John's College, Oxford), states, in a letter to + the bishop (Lyttelton), that the Osbornes were tailors in Belbroughton in + the reign of Henry VIII. They are tailors, as well as clerks, to this + day, but they can trace their descent to a period of more than <!-- Page + 503 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page503"></a>{503}</span>three + centuries before Henry VIII. The office of parish clerk and sexton has + also been hereditary in the parishes of Hope and King's Norton, + Worcestershire.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Cuthbert Bede, B. A.</span></p> + + <p><i>Lyra's Commentary</i> (Vol. ix., p. 323.).—The human figure + described by <span class="sc">Edward Peacock</span> as impressed on one + cover of his curious old copy of the <i>Textus biblie</i>, &c., has + no glory round the head, or over it, by his account. This would warrant + the conclusion that it was not intended for any saint, or it might almost + pass for a St. Christopher. But I believe it is meant as emblematic of a + Christian generally, in his passage through this life. I suspect that + what <span class="sc">Mr. Peacock</span> speaks of as a "fence composed + of interlaced branches of trees," is intended to represent waves of water + by undulating lines. The figure appears to be wading through the waters + of the tribulations of this life, by the help of his staff, just as St. + Christopher is represented. This may account for the loose appearance of + his nether habiliments, which are tucked up, so as to leave the knees + bare. The wallet is a very fit accompaniment for the pilgrim's staff. The + wicker basket holds his more precious goods; but, to show the insecurity + of their tenure, the pilgrim has a sword ready for their defence.</p> + + <p>It is not so easy to account for the animals on the other cover. My + conjecture is, that at least the four lower ones are meant for the + emblematic figures of the four evangelists. The bird may be the eagle, + the monkey the man; the dog may, on closer scrutiny, be found to look + something like the ox or calf; and the lion speaks for itself. But I can + attempt no explanation of the upper figures, which <span class="sc">Mr. + Peacock</span> says "may be horses." I should much like to see drawings + of the whole, both human and animal, having a great predilection for + studying such puzzles. But if the above hints prove of any service, it + will gratify</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">F. C. Husenbeth, D.D.</span>,</p> + + <p class="author">Compiler of the <i>Emblems of Saints</i>.</p> + + <p><i>Blackguard</i> (Vol. vii., p. 77. Vol. viii., p. 414.).—Many + contributions towards the history of this word have appeared in the pages + of "N. & Q." May I forward another instance of its being in early + use, although not altogether in its modern acceptation?</p> + + <p>A copy of a medical work in my possession (a 12mo., printed in 1622, + and in the original binding) has fly-leaves from some <i>printed</i> + book, as is often the case in volumes of that date. These fly-leaves seem + to be part of some descriptive sketches of different classes of society, + published towards the early part of the seventeenth century; and some of + your readers may be able to identify the work from my description of + these of sheets. No. 14. is headed "An unworthy Judge;" 16. "An unworthy + Knight and Souldier;" 17. "A worthy Gentleman;" 18. "An unworthy + Gentleman," &c. At p 13., No. 27., occurs "A Bawde of the Blacke + Guard," with her description in about sixteen lines. She is said to be + "well verst in the black art, to accommodate them of the black guard: a + weesel-look't gossip she is in all places, where herr mirth is a bawdy + tale," and so on.</p> + + <p>Judging from these fly-leaves, the work from which they have been + taken appears to have been an octavo or small quarto. "Finis" stands on + the reverse of the leaf whence my extract is copied.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Jaydee.</span></p> + + <p>Another instance of the use of the word <i>black-guard</i>, in the + sense given to it in "N. & Q." (Vol. ii., pp. 170. 285.), is to be + found in Burton's <i>Anatomy of Melancholy</i>, part i. sect. 2., "A + Digression of the Nature of Spirits, bad Angels, or Devils, &c.," in + a passage, part of which is given as a quotation. "Generally they far + excel men in worth, as a man the meanest worme;" though some of then are + "inferior to those of their own rank in worth, as the <i>black-guard</i> + of a prince's court, and to men again, as some degenerate, base, rational + creatures are excelled of brute beasts." The edition of Burton I quote + from is 1652.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">C. de D.</span></p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Augustus Cæsar on a time, as he was passing through Rome, and saw + certain strange women lulling apes and whelps in their arms: 'What!' said + he; 'have the women of these countries none other children?' So may I say + unto you [Dr. Cole], that make so much of Gerson, Driedo, Royard, and + Tapper: Have the learned men of your side none other doctors? For, alas! + these that ye allege are scarcely worthy to be allowed amongst the + <i>black guard</i>."—Bp. Jewel's <i>Works</i> (P. S. ed.), vol. i. + p. 72.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>This is, I think, an earlier example than any that has yet been given + in "N. & Q."</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. P. Storer.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Olney, Bucks.</p> + + <p>"<i>Atonement</i>" (Vol. ix., p. 271.).—The word <span + title="katallagê" class="grk" + >καταλλαγη</span>, + used by Æschylus and Demosthenes, occurs 2 Cor. v. 19., Rom. xi. 15. v. + 11. The word <i>atonement</i> bears two senses: the first, + <i>reconciliation</i>, as used by Sir Thomas More, Shakspeare, Beaumont + and Fletcher, and Bishops Hall and Taylor; the second, <i>expiation</i>, + as employed by Milton, Swift, and Cowper. In the latter meaning, we find + it in Numbers, and other books of the Old Testament, as the translation + of <span title="hilasma" class="grk" + >ἱλασμα</span>.</p> + + <p>Waterland speaks of "the doctrine of expiation, atonement, or + satisfaction, made by Christ in His blood" (<i>Disc. of Fundamentals</i>, + vol. v. p. 82.). Barrow, Secker, and Beveridge use the word <i>atone</i> + or <i>atonement</i> in this combined sense of the term. R. Gloucester, + Chaucer, and Dryden expressly speak "at one," in a similar way; and, <!-- + Page 504 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page504"></a>{504}</span>not + to multiply passages, we may merely cite Tyndal:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"There is but one mediator, Christ, as saith St. Paul, 1 Tim. ii., and + by that word understand an <i>atone-maker</i>, a peace-maker, and bringer + into grace and favour, having full power so to do."—<i>Expos. of + Tracy's Testament</i>, p. 275., Camb. 1850.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Mackenzie Walcott</span>, M.A.</p> + + <p>As a contribution towards the solution of J. H. B.'s Query, I send you + the following extracts from Richardson's <i>Dictionary</i>:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"And like as he made the Jewes and the Gentiles <i>at one</i> between + themselves, even so he made them both <i>at one</i> with God, that there + should be nothing to break the <i>atonement</i>; but that the thynges in + heaven and the thynges in earth shoulde be ioyned together as it were + into <i>one</i> body."—<i>Udal</i>, <i>Ephesians</i>, c. ii.</p> + +</blockquote> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Paul sayth, 1 Tim. ij., 'One God, one Mediatour (that is to say, + aduocate, intercessor, or an <i>atonemaker</i>) betwene God and man: the + man Christ Jesus, which gaue himself a raunsom for all + men."—Tyndal, <i>Workes</i>, p. 158.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>I am unacquainted with the work referred to in the first extract. The + second is from <i>The Whole Works of W. Tindal, John Frith, and Dr. + Barnes</i> [edited by Foxe], Lond. 1573. The title of the work which + contains the passage is, <i>The Obedience of a Christian Man, set forth + by William Tindal</i>, 1528, Oct. 2.</p> + + <p class="author"><span title="Halieus" class="grk">Ἁλιεύς</span>.</p> + + <p class="address">Dublin.</p> + + <p><i>Bible of 1527</i> (Vol. ix., p. 352.).—In reference to the + monogram inquired after in this Query, I think I have seen it, or one + very similar, among the "mason marks" on Strasburg Tower, which would + seem a place of Freemason pilgrimage: for the soft stone is deeply carved + in various places within the tower with such marks as this, together with + initials and dates of visit. I have also marks very similar from the + stones of the tower of the pretty little cathedral of Freiburg, Briesgau. + I should incline to think it a Masonic mark, and not that of an engraver + on wood, or of a printer.</p> + + <p class="author">A. B. R.</p> + + <p class="address">Belmont.</p> + + <p><i>Shrove Tuesday</i> (Vol. ix., p. 324.).—The bell described as + rung on Shrove Tuesday at Newbury, was no doubt the old summons which + used to call our ancestors to the priest to be shrived, or confessed, on + that day. It is commonly called the "Pancake Bell," because it was also + the signal for the cook to put the pancake on the fire. This savoury + couplet occurs in <i>Poor Robin</i> for 1684:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"But hark, I hear the pancake bell,</p> + <p>And fritters make a gallant smell."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>The custom of ringing this bell has been retained in many parishes. It + is orthodoxly rung at Ecclesfield from eleven to twelve a.m. Plenty of + information on this subject may be found in Brand's <i>Popular + Antiquities</i>.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Alfred Gatty.</span></p> + + <p><i>Milton's Correspondence</i> (Vol. viii., p. 640.).—A + translation of Milton's Latin familiar correspondence, made by John Hall, + Esq., of the Philadelphia bar, now a Presbyterian clergyman at Trenton, + N.J., was published about eighteen or twenty years ago in this city.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Uneda.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Philadelphia</p> + + <p>"<i>Verbatim et literatim</i>" (Vol. ix., p. 348.).—Your + correspondent <span class="sc">L. H. J. Tonna</span>, in proposing for + the latter part of the above phrase the form <i>ad literam</i>, might as + well have extended his amendment, and suggested <i>ad verbum et + literam</i>; for I should imagine there is quite as little authority for + the word <i>verbatim</i> being used in the Latin language, as for that of + <i>literatim</i>. Vossius is an authority for the latter; but can any of + your correspondents oblige me by citing one for the former, + notwithstanding its frequent adoption in English conversation and + writings? Neither <i>verbatim</i> nor <i>literatim</i> will be found in + Riddle.</p> + + <p class="author">N. L. J.</p> + + <p><i>Epigrams</i> (Vol. vii., p. 175.).—The epigram, "How D.D. + swaggers, M.D. rolls," &c., was written by Horace Smith, and may be + found in the <i>New Monthly Magazine</i> for 1823, in the article called + "Grimm's Ghost. Letter XII."</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Uneda.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Philadelphia.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Miscellaneous.</h2> + +<h3>NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.</h3> + + <p>In days like these, when so many of our new books are but old ones + newly dressed up, a work of original research, and for which the + materials have been accumulated by the writer with great labour and + diligence, deserves especial commendation. Of such a character is the + <i>Catholic History of England; its Rulers, Clergy, and Poor, before the + Reformation, as described by the Monkish Historians</i>, by Bernard + William MacCabe, of which the third volume, extending from the reign of + Edward Martyr to the Norman Conquest, has just been published. The + volumes bear evidence in every page that they are, as the author + describes them, "the results of the writing and research of many + hours—the only hours for many years that I had to spare from other + and harder toils." Himself a zealous and sincere follower of the "ancient + faith," Mr. MacCabe's views of the characters and events of which he is + treating, naturally assume the colouring of his own mind: many, + therefore, will dissent from them. None of his readers will, however, + dissent from bestowing upon his work the praise of being carefully + compiled and most originally written. None will deny the charm with which + Mr. MacCabe has invested his History, by his admirable mode of making the + old Monkish writers tell their own story. <!-- Page 505 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page505"></a>{505}</span></p> + + <p>We some time since called the attention of our readers to a new + periodical which had been commenced at Göttingen, under the title of + <i>Zeitschrift für Deutsche Mythologie und Sittenkunde</i>, under the + editorship of T. W. Wolf. We have since received the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th + Parts of it from Messrs. Williams and Norgate, and hope shortly to + transfer from its pages to our columns a few of the many curious + illustrations of our own Folk Lore, with which it abounds.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Books Received.</span>—<i>The Works of John + Locke</i>, vol. i., <i>Philosophical Works, with a preliminary Essay and + Notes</i>, by J. A. St. John, is the first volume of a collected edition + of the writings of this distinguished English philosopher, intended to + form a portion of Bohn's <i>Standard Library</i>.—<i>The Diary and + Letters of Madame D'Arblay</i>, vol. iv., 1788-89. Worth more than its + cost for its pictures of Fox, Burke, Wyndham, &c., and Hastings' + Impeachment.—<i>A Poet's Children</i>, by Patrick Scott. A + shilling's worth of miscellaneous poems from the pen of this imaginative + but somewhat eccentric bard.—<i>Points of War, I. II. III. IV.</i>, + by Franklin Lushington. Mr. Lushington is clearly an admirer of Tennyson, + and has caught not a little of the mannerism and not a few of the graces + of his great model.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h3>BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE.</h3> + + <p>Particulars of Price, &c. of the following Books to be sent direct + to the gentlemen by whom they are required, and whose names and addresses + are given for that purpose:</p> + + <p>The following Works of Symon Patrick, late Lord Bishop of Ely, + &c.:—</p> + + <p><span class="sc">A Prayer for Perfecting our late Deliverance.</span> + 1689.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">A Prayer for Charity, Peace, and Unity</span>, + chiefly to be used in Lent.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">A Prayer for the King's Success in Ireland.</span> + 1690.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">A Letter To the Clergy of the Diocese of Ely</span>, + at his Primary Visitation. 1692.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">The Dignity of the Christian Priesthood</span>, + delivered to his Clergy at his Fourth Triennial Visitation. 1701.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">An Exhortation to the Clergy before his Fifth + Triennial Visitation.</span> 1704. With a discourse on Rev. xvi. 9., upon + occasion of the late terrible Storm of Wind.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">An Exhortation at his Sixth Triennial + Visitation.</span> 1707.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Wanted by the <i>Rev. Alexander Taylor</i>, 3. Blomfield Terrace, Paddington.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p><span class="sc">Archæologia</span>, Vol. III.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Wanted by the <i>Rev. G. H. Dashwood</i>, Stow Bardolph, Burnham Market, Norfolk.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p><span class="sc">The Hundred and Ten Considerations of Signior John + Valdesso</span>, translated by Nich. Farrer. Oxford, 1638; or the later + edition of 1650.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Wanted by <i>Mr. J. G. Nichols</i>, 25. Parliament Street.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p><span class="sc">Archbishop Lawrence's Examination of Griesbach's + Systematic Classification of MSS.</span></p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Wanted by <i>Longman & Co.</i>, Paternoster Row.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p><span class="sc">Poems on Several Occasions</span>, by William Broome, + LL.D. London, 1727-1739. 8vo.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Assize Sermon</span>, by the same, on Ps. cxxii. 6. + 4to. 1737.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Sermon</span>, by the same, on 1 Tim. ii. 1, 2. 8vo. + 1700.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Wanted by <i>T. W. Barlow</i>, St. James' Chambers, Manchester.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p><span class="sc">Osw. Crollius's Admonitory Preface</span>, in + English, London, 1657, 8vo.</p> + + <p>—— <span class="sc">The Mysteries of Nature.</span> + London, 1657. 8vo.</p> + + <p>—— <span class="sc">On Signatures.</span> London, 1669. + Folio.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Wanted by <i>J. G.</i>, care of Messrs. Ponsonby, Booksellers, Grafton Street, Dublin.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p><span class="sc">Warren's Collection of Glees.</span> Wanted, to + perfect the Set, Nos. 7. 10. 17. 25. and 27 to 32 inclusive. Any one + possessing the above, or a portion of them, may hear of a purchaser, upon + application at Novello's Sacred Music Warehouse, 69. Dean Street, Soho + Square.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h3>Notices to Correspondents.</h3> + + <p><span class="sc">Eden Warwick.</span> <i>The paragraph respecting the + Crystal Palace has already appeared in our columns.</i></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Sigma.</span> <i>How can we forward a letter to this + Correspondent?</i></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Enquirer.</span> <i>Our Correspondent's Query is not + apparent. The Rolls House and Chapel, in Chancery Lane, never "reverted + to their original use," that is, as a House of Maintenance for Converted + Jews.</i></p> + + <p>J. G. T. <i>For the origin of Bands worn by clergymen, lawyers, and + others, see our Second Volume</i>, pp. 23. 76. 126.</p> + + <p>"<span class="sc">Vita Crucem</span>," &c. <i>We have to apologise + for having mislaid the copy of the following distich, requesting a + translation as well as the authorship of it:</i></p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Vita crucem, et vivas, hominem si noscere velles,</p> + <p>Quis, quid, cur, cujus passus amore fuit."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p><i>Which may be literally translated, </i>"Shun the Cross, that you + may live, if you would know Him aright, Who and what He was, why and for + love of whom He suffered."<i> These lines seem to be a caveat against the + adoration of the material Cross, and were probably composed during the + domination of the fanatics in Cromwell's time, when that redoubtable + Goth, Master William Dowsing, demolished whatever was inscribed with the + Cross, whether of brass, marble, or other material.—Our + Correspondent will find the line, </i>"A falcon towering in his pride of + place,"<i> in </i>Macbeth<i>, Act II. Sc. 4.</i></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Our Eighth Volume</span> <i>is now bound and ready + for delivery, price 10s. 6d., cloth, boards. A few sets of the whole + Eight Volumes are being made up, price 4l. 4s.—For these early + application is desirable.</i></p> + + <p>"<span class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>" <i>is published at noon on + Friday, so that the Country Booksellers may receive Copies in that + night's parcels, and deliver them to their Subscribers on the + Saturday</i>.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">On the 1st of June, and on the first day of every +Month, will be published, price Sixpence, the</p> + +<h3>JOURNAL OF PROGRESS:</h3> + + <p>An Advocate of advanced Views in SOCIAL, MORAL, INDUSTRIAL, AND + POLITICAL ECONOMY; and RECORD OF STATISTICS.</p> + + <p>This Journal is projected, and will be supported, by persons devoted + to the practical objects which chiefly affect the welfare of society.</p> + + <p>It will also be sent regularly to every Member of Parliament.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">GEORGE BELL, Publisher, 186. Fleet Street, +London.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Order of all Booksellers and Newsmen.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">Now ready, crown 8vo.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">A New Edition, in large type, of</p> + +<p class="cenhead">THE SACRED GARLAND,</p> + +<p class="cenhead">or,</p> + +<p class="cenhead">THE CHRISTIAN'S DAILY DELIGHT.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">"Pluck a Flower."</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Price 5<i>s.</i> cloth lettered: 9<i>s.</i> full calf: 12<i>s.</i> +morocco elegant.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Upwards of 100,000 copies of this book in a +smaller form have been sold.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">MILNER & SOWERBY, Halifax.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">MESSRS. TRÜBNER & CO. HAVE JUST +PUBLISHED</p> + + <p>WHITTY.—THE GOVERNING CLASSES OF GREAT BRITAIN: POLITICAL + PORTRAITS. By EDWARD M. WHITTY. Foolscap 8vo., price 1<i>s.</i> + 6<i>d.</i></p> + + <p>MORELL.—RUSSIA AND ENGLAND, THEIR STRENGTH AND WEAKNESS. By JOHN + REYNELL MORELL. Foolscap 8vo., price 1<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">TRÜBNER & CO., 12. Paternoster Row.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p><!-- Page 506 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page506"></a>{506}</span></p> + +<p class="cenhead"><span class="sc">Bohn's Standard Library for June.</span></p> + + <p>COWPER'S COMPLETE WORKS, edited by SOUTHEY; comprising his Poems, + Correspondence, and Translations; with Memoir. Illustrated with Fifty + fine Engravings on Steel, after designs by Harvey. To be completed in + Eight Volumes. Vol. IV. Conclusion of Memoir and Correspondence, with + General Index to same. Post 8vo. cloth. 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, +Covent Garden.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead"><span class="sc">Bohn's British Classics for June.</span></p> + + <p>DEFOE'S WORKS, edited by SIR WALTER SCOTT. Vol. I. Containing the + Life, Adventures, and Piracies of Captain Singleton, and the Life of + Colonel Jack. With fine Portrait of Defoe. Post 8vo. cloth. 3<i>s.</i> + 6<i>d.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, +Covent Garden.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead"><span class="sc">Bohn's Illustrated Library for June.</span></p> + + <p>INDIA, PICTORIAL, DESCRIPTIVE, and HISTORICAL, from the Earliest Times + to the Present. Illustrated by upwards of One Hundred fine Engravings on + Wood, and Map of Hindoostan. Post 8vo. cloth, 5<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, +Covent Garden.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead"><span class="sc">Bohn's Antiquarian Library for June.</span></p> + + <p>ORDERICUS VITALIS: his Ecclesiastical History of England and Normandy, + translated with Notes and the Introduction of Guizot, by T. FORESTER, + M.A. Vol. III. Post 8vo. cloth. 5<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">HENRY G. BOHN. 4, 5, & 6. York Street, +Covent Garden.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead"><span class="sc">Bohn's Philological Library for June.</span></p> + + <p>LOGIC, OR THE SCIENCE OF INFERENCE, a popular Manual, by J. DEVEY. + Post 8vo. cloth. 5<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, +Covent Garden.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead"><span class="sc">Bohn's Classical Library for June.</span></p> + + <p>THE ELEGIES OF PROPERTIUS, the Satyricon of Petronius Arbiter, and the + KISSES of JOHANNES SECUNDUS, literally translated, and accompanied by + Poetical Versions, from various sources: to which are added, the LOVE + EPISTLES OF ARISTÆNETUS, translated by R. BRINSLEY SHERIDAN and H. + HALHED. Edited by WALTER K. KELLY. Post 8vo. cloth. 5<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, +Covent Garden.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>NORWAY. A Road Book for Tourists in Norway, with Hints to English + Sportsmen and Anglers, by THOMAS FORESTER, Esq. Post 8vo. limp cloth. + 2<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, +Covent Garden.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>W. S. LINCOLN & SON, Caxton House, Blackfriars Road, London + (removed from Westminster Road), will forward Gratis and Post Free to all + Applicants, their June Catalogue of Cheap English and Foreign second-hand + Books.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">Just published, with ten coloured Engravings, +price 5<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>NOTES ON AQUATIC MICROSCOPIC SUBJECTS OF NATURAL HISTORY, selected + from the "Microscopic Cabinet." By ANDREW PRITCHARD, M.R.I.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Also, in 8vo., pp. 720, plates 24, price 21<i>s.</i>, or +coloured, 36<i>s.</i>,</p> + + <p>A HISTORY OF INFUSORIAL ANIMALCULES, Living and Fossil, containing + Descriptions of every species, British and Foreign, the methods of + procuring and viewing them, &c., illustrated by numerous Engravings. + By ANDREW PRITCHARD, M.R.I.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"There is no work extant in which so much valuable information + concerning Infusoria (Animalcules) can be found, and every Microscopist + should add it to his library."—<i>Silliman's Journal.</i></p> + +</blockquote> + +<p class="cenhead">London: WHITTAKER & CO., Ave Maria +Lane.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>W. H. HART, RECORD AGENT and LEGAL ANTIQUARIAN (who is in the + possession of Indices to many of the early Public Records whereby his + Inquiries are greatly facilitated) begs to inform Authors and Gentlemen + engaged in Antiquarian or Literary Pursuits, that he is prepared to + undertake searches among the Public Records, MSS. in the British Museum, + Ancient Wills, or other Depositories of a similar Nature, in any Branch + of Literature, History, Topography, Genealogy, or the like, and in which + he has had considerable experience.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">1. ALBERT TERRACE, NEW CROSS, +HATCHAM, SURREY.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>DR. DE JONGH'S LIGHT BROWN COD LIVER OIL. Prepared for medicinal use + in the Loffoden Isles, Norway, and put to the test of chemical analysis. + The most effectual remedy for Consumption, Asthma, Gout, Chronic + Rheumatism, and all Scrofulous Diseases.</p> + + <p>Approved of and recommended by <span class="sc">Berzelius</span>, + <span class="sc">Liebig</span>, <span class="sc">Woehler</span>, <span + class="sc">Jonathan Pereira</span>, <span class="sc">Fouquier</span>, and + numerous other eminent medical men and scientific chemists in Europe. + Specially rewarded with medals by the Governments of Belgium and the + Netherlands. Has almost entirely superseded all other kinds on the + Continent, in consequence of its proved superior power and + efficacy—effecting a cure much more rapidly. Contains iodine, + phosphate of chalk, volatile acid, and the elements of the bile—in + short, all its most active and essential principles—in larger + quantities than the pale oils made in England and Newfoundland, deprived + mainly of these by their mode of preparation. A pamphlet by Dr. de Jongh, + with detailed remarks upon its superiority, directions for use, cases in + which it has been prescribed with the greatest success, and testimonials, + forwarded gratis on application.</p> + + <p>The subjoined testimonial of BARON LIEBIG, Professor of Chemistry at + the University of Giessen, is selected from innumerable others from + medical and scientific men of the highest distinction:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"<span class="sc">Sir</span>,—I have the honour of addressing + you my warmest thanks for your attention in forwarding me your work on + the chemical composition and properties, as well as on the medicinal + effects, of various kinds of Cod Liver Oil.</p> + + <p>"You have rendered an essential service to science by your researches, + and your efforts to provide sufferers with this Medicine in its purest + and most genuine state, must ensure you the gratitude of every one who + stands in need of its use.</p> + + <p>"I have the honor of remaining, with expressions of the highest regard + and esteem,</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i4hg3">"Yours sincerely,</p> + <p class="i6hg3">"DR. JUSTUS LIEBIG."</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i2hg3">"Giessen, Oct. 30. 1847.</p> + <p class="hg3">"To Dr. de Jongh at the Hague."</p> + </div> + </div> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Sold Wholesale and Retail, in bottles, labelled with Dr. de Jongh's + Stamp and Signature, by ANSAR, HARFORD, & CO., 77. Strand, Sole + Consignees and Agents for the United Kingdom and British Possessions; and + by all respectable Chemists and Venders of Medicine in Town and Country, + at the following prices:—Imperial Measure, Half-pints, 2<i>s.</i> + 6<i>d.</i>; Pints, 4<i>s.</i> 9<i>d.</i></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">On 1st June will be published, Part I., price 4<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>MISCELLANEA GRAPHICA: a Collection of Ancient Mediæval and Renaissance + Remains, in the possession of the LORD LONDESBOROUGH. Illustrated by + F. W. FAIRHOLT, F.S.A., &c.</p> + + <p>The Work will be published in Nine Quarterly Parts, of royal 4to. + size, each Part containing Four Plates, One of which will be in + Chromo-lithography, representing Jewellery, Antique Plate, Arms, and + Armour, and Miscellaneous Antiquities.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">London: CHAPMAN & HALL, +193. Piccadilly.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">Just published, in 4 vols. 8vo., price 2<i>l.</i> in +Sheets.</p> + + <p>ORIGINES KALENDARIÆ ITALICÆ; Nundinal Calendars of Ancient Italy; + Nundinal Calendar of Romulus; Calendar of Numa Pompilius; Calendar of the + Decemvirs; Irregular Roman Calendar, and Julian Correction. TABLES OF THE + ROMAN CALENDAR, from <span class="scac">U.C.</span> 4 of Varro <span + class="scac">B.C.</span> 750 to <span class="scac">U.C.</span> 1108 <span + class="scac">A.D.</span> 355. By EDWARD GRESWELL. B.D., Fellow of Corpus + Christi College, Oxford.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Oxford: at the UNIVERSITY PRESS.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Sold by JOHN HENRY PARKER, Oxford, +and 377. Strand, London; and GARDNER, +7. Paternoster Row.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">Just published, 8vo., price 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + + <p>PRELIMINARY ADDRESS of the ORIGINES KALENDARIÆ ITALICÆ, lately + published at the OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS. With some further observations. + By EDWARD GRESWELL, B.D., Fellow of Corpus Christi College, Oxford.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">JOHN HENRY PARKER, Oxford; and +377. Strand, London.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Cambridge: J. DEIGHTON.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">Just published, 8vo., price 10<i>s.</i> in Sheets.</p> + + <p>THEODORETI Episcopi Cyri Ecclesiasticæ Historiæ Libri Quinque cum + Interpretatione Latina et Annotationibus Henrici Valesii. Recensuit + THOMAS GAISFORD, S. T. P., Ædis Christi Decanus necnon Linguæ Græcæ + Professor Regius.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Oxonii: E TYPOGRAPHEO ACADEMICO.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Sold by JOHN HENRY PARKER, Oxford, +and 377. Strand, London; and GARDNER, +7. Paternoster Row.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">Just published, 8vo., price 5<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> in Sheets.</p> + + <p>SYNODUS ANGLICANA. By Edmund Gibson, D.D., afterwards Bishop of + London. Edited by EDWARD CARDWELL, D.D., Principal of St. Alban's + Hall.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Oxford: at the UNIVERSITY PRESS.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Sold by JOHN HENRY PARKER, Oxford, +and 337. Strand, London; and GARDNER, +7. Paternoster Row.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>ALLEN'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, containing Size, Price, and Description + of upwards of 100 articles consisting of PORTMANTEAUS, TRAVELLING-BAGS, + Ladies' Portmanteaus, DESPATCH BOXES, WRITING-DESKS, DRESSING-CASES, and + other travellers' requisites, Gratis on application, or sent free by Post + on receipt of Two Stamps.</p> + + <p>MESSRS. ALLEN'S registered Despatch-box and Writing-desk, their + Travelling-bag with the opening as large as the bag, and the new + Portmanteau containing four compartments, are undoubtedly the best + articles of the kind ever produced.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">J. W. & T. ALLEN, 18. & 23. West Strand.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p><!-- Page 507 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page507"></a>{507}</span></p> + + <p>COLLODION PORTRAITS AND VIEWS obtained with the greatest ease and + certainty by using BLAND & LONG'S preparation of Soluble Cotton; + certainty and uniformity of action over a lengthened period, combined + with the most faithful rendering of the half-tones, constitute this a + most valuable agent in the hands of the photographer.</p> + + <p>Albumenized paper, for printing from glass or paper negatives, giving + a minuteness of detail unattained by any other method, 5<i>s.</i> per + Quire.</p> + + <p>Waxed and Iodized Papers of tried quality.</p> + + <p>Instruction in the Processes.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">BLAND & LONG, Opticians and Photographical +Instrument Makers, and Operative +Chemists, 153. Fleet Street, London.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">*** Catalogues sent on application.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>THE SIGHT preserved by the Use of SPECTACLES adapted to suit every + variety of Vision by means of SMEE'S OPTOMETER, which effectually + prevents Injury to the Eyes from the Selection of Improper Glasses, and + is extensively employed by</p> + +<p class="cenhead">BLAND & LONG, Opticians, 153. Fleet +Street, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>PHOTOGRAPHY.—HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining + Instantaneous Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, + according to light.</p> + + <p>Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the + choicest Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their + Establishment.</p> + + <p>Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used + in this beautiful Art.—123. and 121. Newgate Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>IMPROVEMENT IN COLLODION.—J. B. HOCKIN & CO., Chemists, 289. + Strand, have, by an improved mode of Iodizing, succeeded in producing a + Collodion equal, they may say superior, in sensitiveness and density of + Negative, to any other hitherto published; without diminishing the + keeping properties and appreciation of half-tint for which their + manufacture has been esteemed.</p> + + <p>Apparatus, pure Chemicals, and all the requirements for the practice + of Photography. Instruction in the Art.</p> + + <p>THE COLLODION AND POSITIVE PAPER PROCESS. By J. B. HOCKIN. Price + 1<i>s.</i>, per Post, 1<i>s.</i> 2<i>d.</i></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h3>PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">OTTEWILL AND MORGAN'S</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Manufactory, 24. & 25. Charlotte Terrace, +Caledonian Road, Islington.</p> + + <p>OTTEWILL'S Registered Double Body Folding Camera, adapted for + Landscapes or Portraits, may be had of A. ROSS, Featherstone Buildings, + Holborn; the Photographic Institution, Bond Street; and at the + Manufactory as above, where every description of Cameras, Slides, and + Tripods may be had. The Trade supplied.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>PHOTOGRAPHIC APPARATUS, MATERIALS, and PURE CHEMICAL PREPARATIONS.</p> + + <p>KNIGHT & SONS' Illustrated Catalogue, containing Description and + Price of the best forms of Cameras and other Apparatus. Voightlander and + Son's Lenses for Portraits and Views, together with the various + Materials, and pure Chemical Preparations required in practising the + Photographic Art. Forwarded free on receipt of Six Postage Stamps.</p> + + <p>Instructions given in every branch of the Art.</p> + + <p>An extensive Collection of Stereoscopic and other Photographic + Specimens.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">GEORGE KNIGHT & SONS, Foster Lane, +London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>Important Sale by Auction of the whole of the remaining Copies of that + splendid National Work, known as "FINDEN'S ROYAL GALLERY OF BRITISH ART," + the engraved Plates of which will be destroyed during the Progress of the + Sale, and in the presence of the Purchasers.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>SOUTHGATE & BARRETT have received instructions from MR. HOGARTH, + of the Haymarket, to Sell by Public Auction at their Fine Art and Book + Auction Rooms, 22. Fleet Street, London, on Wednesday Evening, June 7th, + and following Evenings,</p> + +<p class="cenhead">THE WHOLE OF THE REMAINING +COPIES</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Of the very Celebrated Work, known as</p> + +<h3>FINDEN'S ROYAL GALLERY OF +BRITISH ART,</h3> + + <p>Consisting of a limited number of Artists' and other choice proofs, + and the print impressions, which are all in an exceedingly fine state. + The work consists of 48 plates, the whole of which are engraved in line + by the most eminent men in that branch of art, and the pictures selected + will at once show that the great artists—Turner, Eastlake, + Landseer, Stanfield, Webster, Roberts, Wilkie, Maclise, Mulready, and + more than thirty other British Masters, are represented by the works + which established and upheld them in public favour, and by themes which + appeal to universal sympathy and happiest affections, or which delineate + the peculiar glories of our country, and commemorate its worthiest and + most honourable achievements.</p> + + <p>The attention of the public is also particularly directed to the fact + that ALL THE ENGRAVED PLATES from which the impressions now offered have + been taken, WILL BE DESTROYED IN THE PRESENCE OF THE PURCHASERS, at the + time of Sale. By thus securing the market from being supplied with + inferior impressions at a future time, and at a cheaper rate, the value + of the existing stock will be increased, and it will become the interest + of all who wish to possess copies of these eminent works of art, at a + reduced price, to purchase them at this Sale, which will be THE ONLY + OPPORTUNITY of obtaining them.</p> + + <p>Under these circumstances, therefore, SOUTHGATE & BARRETT presume + to demand for this Sale the attention of all lovers of art—the + amateur, the artist, and the public:—believing that no opportunity + has ever offered so happily calculated to promote taste and to extend + knowledge, while ministering to the purest and best enjoyments which the + artist conveys to the hearts and homes of all who covet intellectual + pleasures.</p> + + <p>Framed Copies of the work can be seen at MR. HOGARTH'S, 5. Haymarket; + MESSRS. LLOYD, BROTHERS, & CO., 22. Ludgate Hill; and at the + AUCTIONEERS, 22. Fleet Street, by whom all Communications and Commissions + will be promptly and faithfully attended to.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">*** Catalogues of the entire Sale will be +forwarded on Receipt of 12 Postage Stamps.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>Sale by Auction of the Stocks of extremely Valuable Modern Engravings, + the engraved Plates of which will be destroyed in the presence of the + Purchasers at the Time of Sale.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>SOUTHGATE & BARRETT beg to announce that they will include in + their Sale by Auction of "FINDEN'S ROYAL GALLERY," and other Valuable + Works of Art of a similar character, to take place at their Fine Art and + Book Auction Rooms, 22. Fleet Street, London, on Wednesday Evening, June + 7th, and Seventeen following Evenings (Saturdays and Sundays excepted), + the whole of the STOCKS OF PROOFS AND PRINTS of the following HIGHLY + IMPORTANT ENGRAVINGS, published by MR. HOGARTH and MESSRS. LLOYD & + CO.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Ehrenbreitstein," painted by J. M. W. Turner, R. A., engraved by John + Pye. "Ecce Homo," from the picture by Correggio, engraved by G. T. Doo. + "The Dame School," painted by T. Webster, R. A., engraved by L. Stocks. + "Eton Montem," two views illustrative of, from pictures by Evans of Eton, + engraved by Charles Lewis. "Portrait of Mrs. Elizabeth Fry," engraved by + Samuel Cousins, A.R.A., from a picture by George Richmond. "Portraits of + eminent Persons," by George Richmond and C. Baugniet. "Portrait of W. C. + Macready, Esq., as Werner," painted by D. Maclise, R. A., engraved by + Sharpe. Flowers of German Art, a series of 20 plates by the most eminent + engravers. Cranstone's Fugitive Etchings, 17 plates. Turner and Girtin's + River Scenery, 30 plates. "Cottage Piety," painted by Thomas Faed, + engraved by Henry Lemon (unpublished). "See Saw," painted by T. Webster, + R. A., engraved by Holl (unpublished). "Village Pastor," painted by W. P. + Frith, R. A., engraved by Holl. "The Immaculate Conception," painted by + Guido, engraved in line by W. H. Watt. "Harvey demonstrating to Charles + the First his Theory of the Circulation of the Blood," painted by Hannah, + engraved by Lemon. "The Origin of Music," painted by Selous, engraved by + Wass. "The First Step," painted by Faed, engraved by Sharpe. "The Prize + Cartoons," published by Messrs. Longmans & Co. And numerous other + highly interesting and valuable works of Art.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>ALL THE ENGRAVED PLATES of the above-mentioned engravings WILL BE + DESTROYED in the presence of the purchasers at the time of sale, which + will thereby secure to the purchasers the same advantages as are + mentioned in the advertisement given above, of the sale of the remaining + copies of "Finden's Royal Gallery."</p> + + <p>Framed Impressions of each of the plates can be seen at MR. HOGARTH'S, + 5. Haymarket; at MESSRS. LLOYD, BROTHERS, & CO., 22. Ludgate Hill; + and at the AUCTIONEERS, 22. Fleet Street, by whom all communications and + commissions will be promptly and faithfully attended to.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">*** Catalogues of the entire sale will be +forwarded on receipt of 12 Postage Stamps.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>The very extensive, highly important, and extremely choice Stock of + MODERN ENGLISH AND FOREIGN ENGRAVINGS, WATER-COLOUR DRAWINGS, and + expensive Books of Prints, of MR. HOGARTH of the Haymarket.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>SOUTHGATE & BARRETT will Sell by Auction at their Fine Art and + Book Auction Rooms, 22. Fleet Street, on Wednesday Evening, June 7th, and + Seventeen following Evenings (Saturdays and Sundays excepted), in the + same sale as the "FINDEN'S ROYAL GALLERY OF BRITISH ART," this extremely + valuable and highly interesting Stock. Amongst the ENGRAVINGS will be + found in the BEST STATES OF ARTISTS' and other CHOICE PROOFS, nearly all + the popular plates that have been published during the last quarter of a + century; also an Important Collection of Foreign Line Engravings in the + best states; a large variety of Portraits and other subjects after Sir + Joshua Reynolds, some very rare; an extensive series of prints by + Hogarth, in early proofs, and with curious variations; a most complete + series of artists' proofs of the works of George Cruikshank, including + nearly all his early productions, many unique; a number of scarce Old + Prints, and a series in fine states by Sir Robert Strange. The Stock is + peculiarly rich in the works of J. M. W. Turner, R. A., and comprises + artists' proofs and the choicest states of all his important productions, + and matchless copies of the England and Wales and Southern Coast. The + Collection of HIGH-CLASS WATER-COLOUR DRAWINGS consists of examples of + the most eminent artists (particularly some magnificent specimens by + J. M. W. Turner), as well as a great variety of the early English School, + and some by the Ancient Masters; also a most interesting Collection by + Members of the Sketching Society. Of the Modern School are examples + by—</p> + +<table class="nobctr" summary="Artists" title="Artists"> +<tr> +<td class="rightbsing" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left; padding-right: 2em;"> +Absolon<br /> +Austin<br /> +Barrett<br /> +Cattermole<br /> +Collins<br /> +Fielding, C.<br /> +Holland<br /> +Hunt<br /> +Landseer, E.<br /> +Leslie + +</td> +<td class="spacsingle" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left;"> +Lewis, J.<br /> +Liverseege<br /> +Maclise<br /> +Muller<br /> +Nesfield<br /> +Prout<br /> +Tayler, F.<br /> +Uwins<br /> +Webster<br /> +Wilkie + +</td> +</tr> +</table> + + <p>Catalogues of the entire Sale will be forwarded on receipt of 12 + postage stamps, and all communications and commissions promptly and + faithfully attended to.</p> + + <p>22. Fleet Street, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p><!-- Page 508 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page508"></a>{508}</span></p> + +<h3>WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE +AND ANNUITY SOCIETY.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Founded A.D. 1842.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<p class="cenhead"><i>Directors.</i></p> + + +<table class="nobctr" summary="directors" title="directors"> + <tr> + <td class="rightbsing" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> + <p>H. E. Bicknell, Esq.<br /> + T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq., M.P.<br /> + G. H. Drew, Esq.<br /> + W. Evans, Esq.<br /> + W. Freeman, Esq.<br /> + F. Fuller, Esq.<br /> + J. H. Goodhart, Esq.</p> + + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> + <p>T. Grissell, Esq.<br /> + J. Hunt, Esq.<br /> + J. A. Lethbridge, Esq.<br /> + E. Lucas, Esq.<br /> + J. Lys Seager, Esq.<br /> + J. B. White, Esq.<br /> + J. Carter Wood, Esq.</p> + + </td> + </tr> +</table> + +<p class="cenhead"><i>Trustees.</i>—W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq., T. Grissell, Esq.<br /> +<i>Physician.</i>—William Rich. Basham, M.D.<br /> +<i>Bankers.</i>—Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">VALUABLE PRIVILEGE.</p> + + <p>POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary + difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application + to suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed + in the Prospectus.</p> + + <p>Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100<i>l.</i>, with a Share + in three-fourths of the Profits:—</p> + +<table width="35%" class="nobctr" summary="Specimens of Rates" title="Specimens of Rates"> +<tr> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left; width:28%">Age</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>£</i></td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>s.</i></td> +<td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>d.</i></td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left; width:28%">Age</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>£</i></td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>s.</i></td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>d.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 17</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">1</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">14</td> +<td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right">4</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 32</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">2</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">10</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">8</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 22</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">1</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">18</td> +<td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right">8</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 37</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">2</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">18</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">6</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 27</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">2</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">4</td> +<td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right">5</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 42</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">3</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">8</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">2</td> +</tr></table> + +<p class="cenhead">ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary.</p> + + <p>Now ready, price 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, Second Edition, with material + additions, INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE ON + BENEFIT BUILDING SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land + Investment, exemplified in the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building + Companies, &c. With a Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and + Life Assurance. By ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life + Assurance Society, 3. Parliament Street, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>BANK OF DEPOSIT. No. 3. Pall Mall East, and 7. St. Martin's Place, + Trafalgar Square, London.</p> + + <p><i>Established</i> <span class="scac">A.D.</span> 1844.</p> + + <p>INVESTMENT ACCOUNTS may be opened daily, with capital of any + amount.</p> + + <p>Interest payable in January and July.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>PETER MORRISON.</p> + <p class="i1">Managing Director.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>Prospectuses and Forms sent free on application.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION, No. 1. Class + X., in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all + Climates, may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold + London-made Patent Levers, 17, 15 and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, + 8, 6, and 4 guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, 10, and + 8 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior Lever, + with Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's Pocket + Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch skilfully + examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, 2<i>l.</i>, + 3<i>l.</i>, and 4<i>l.</i> Thermometers from 1<i>s.</i> each.</p> + + <p>BENNETT. Watch, Clock and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, + the Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen,</p> + +<p class="cenhead">65. CHEAPSIDE.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>CHUBB'S LOCKS, with all the recent improvements. Strong fire-proof + safes, cash and deed boxes. Complete lists of sizes and prices may be had + on application.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>CHUBB & SON, 57. St. Paul's Churchyard, London; 28. Lord Street, + Liverpool; 16. Market Street, Manchester; and Horseley Fields, + Wolverhampton.</p> + +</blockquote> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>PIANOFORTES, 25 Guineas each.—D'ALMAINE & CO., 20. Soho + Square (established <span class="scac">A.D.</span> 1785), sole + manufacturers of the ROYAL PIANOFORTES, at 25 guineas each. Every + instrument warranted. The peculiar advantages of these pianofortes arec + best described in the following professional testimonial, signed by the + majority of the leading musicians of the age:—"We, the undersigned + members of the musical profession, having carefully examined the Royal + Pianofortes manufactured by MESSRS. D'ALMAINE & CO., have great + pleasure in bearing testimony to their merits and capabilities. It + appears to us impossible to produce instruments of the same size + possessing a richer and finer tone, more elastic touch, or more equal + temperament, while the elegance of their construction renders them a + handsome ornament for the library, boudoir, or drawing-room. (Signed) + J. L. Abel, F. Benedict, H. R. Bishop, J. Blewitt, J. Brizzi, T. P. + Chipp, P. Delavanti, C. H. Dolby, E. F. Fitzwilliam, W. Forde, Stephen + Glover, Henri Herz, E. Harrison, H. F. Hassé, J. L. Hatton, Catherine + Hayes, W. H. Holmes, W. Kuhe, G. F. Kiallmark, E. Land, G. Lanza, + Alexander Lee, A. Leffler, E. J. Loder, W. H. Montgomery, S. Nelson, + G. A. Osborne, John Parry, H. Panofka, Henry Phillips, F. Praegar, E. F. + Rimbault, Frank Romer, G. H. Rodwell, E. Rockel, Sims Reeves, J. + Templeton, F. Weber, H. Westrop, T. H. Wright," &c.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">D'ALMAINE & CO., 20. Soho Square. Lists +and Designs Gratis.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">Patronised by the Royal +Family.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">TWO THOUSAND POUNDS +for any person producing Articles superior +to the following:</p> + +<p class="cenhead">THE HAIR RESTORED AND GREYNESS +PREVENTED.</p> + + <p>BEETHAM'S CAPILLARY FLUID is acknowledged to be the most effectual + article for Restoring the Hair in Baldness, strengthening when weak and + fine, effectually preventing falling or turning grey, and for restoring + its natural colour without the use of dye. The rich glossy appearance it + imparts is the admiration of every person. Thousands have experienced its + astonishing efficacy. Bottles 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; double size, + 4<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> equal to 4 small; + 11<i>s.</i> to 6 small; 21<i>s.</i> to 13 small. The most perfect + beautifier ever invented.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">SUPERFLUOUS HAIR REMOVED.</p> + + <p>BEETHAM'S VEGETABLE EXTRACT does not cause pain or injury to the skin. + Its effect is unerring, and it is now patronised by royalty and hundreds + of the first families. Bottles, 5<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>BEETHAM'S PLASTER is the only effectual remover of Corns and Bunions. + It also reduces enlarged Great Toe Joints in an astonishing manner. If + space allowed, the testimony of upwards of twelve thousand individuals, + during the last five years, might be inserted. Packets, 1<i>s.</i>; + Boxes, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> Sent Free by BEETHAM, Chemist, Cheltenham, + for 14 or 36 Post Stamps.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>Sold by PRING, 30. Westmorland Street; JACKSON, 9. Westland Row; + BEWLEY & EVANS, Dublin; GOULDING, 108. Patrick Street, Cork; BARRY, + 9. Main Street, Kinsale; GRATTAN, Belfast; MURDOCK, BROTHERS, Glasgow; + DUNCAN & FLOCKHART, Edinburgh. SANGER, 150. Oxford Street; PROUT, + 229. Strand; KEATING, St. Paul's Churchyard; SAVORY & MOORE, Bond + Street; HANNAY, 63. Oxford Street; London. All Chemists and Perfumers + will procure them.</p> + +</blockquote> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION.</p> + + <p>THE EXHIBITION OF PHOTOGRAPHS, by the most eminent English and + Continental Artists, is OPEN DAILY from Ten till Five. Free + Admission.</p> + + +<table class="nobctr" summary="Prices." title="Prices."> + <tr> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>£ </p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><i>s.</i></p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><i>d.</i></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>A Portrait by Mr. Talbot's Patent Process</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>1</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>1</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>0</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Additional Copies (each)</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>0</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>5</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>0</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>A Coloured Portrait, highly finished (small size)</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>3</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>3</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>0</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>A Coloured Portrait, highly finished (larger size)</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>5</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>5</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>0</p> + </td> + </tr> +</table> + + <p>Miniatures, Oil Paintings, Water-Colour, and Chalk Drawings, + Photographed and Coloured in imitation of the Originals. Views of Country + Mansions, Churches, &c., taken at a short notice.</p> + + <p>Cameras, Lenses, and all the necessary Photographic Apparatus and + Chemicals, are supplied, tested, and guaranteed.</p> + + <p>Gratuitous Instruction is given to Purchasers of Sets of + Apparatus.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION,<br /> +168. New Bond Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>ROSS & SONS' INSTANTANEOUS HAIR DYE, without Smell, the best and + cheapest extant.—ROSS & SONS have several private apartments + devoted entirely to Dyeing the Hair, and particularly request a visit, + especially from the incredulous, as they will undertake to dye a portion + of their hair, without charging, of any colour required, from the + lightest brown to the darkest black, to convince them of its effect.</p> + + <p>Sold in cases at 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, 5<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, + 12<i>s.</i>, 15<i>s.</i>, and 20<i>s.</i> each case. Likewise wholesale + to the Trade by the pint, quart, or gallon.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>Address, ROSS & SONS, 119. and 120. Bishopsgate Street, Six Doors + from Cornhill, London.</p> + +</blockquote> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>HEAL & SON'S SPRING MATTRESSES.—The most durable Bedding is + a well-made SPRING MATTRESS; it retains its elasticity, and will wear + longer without repair than any other mattress, and with <i>one</i> French + Wool and Hair Mattress on it is a most luxurious Bed. HEAL & SON make + them in three varieties. For prices of the different sizes and qualities, + apply for HEAL & SON'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF BEDSTEADS, and priced + LIST OF BEDDING. It contains designs and prices of upwards of 100 + Bedsteads, and prices of every description of Bedding, and is sent free + by Post.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">HEAL & SON, 196. Tottenham Court Road.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>ALLSOPP'S PALE or BITTER ALE.—MESSERS. S. ALLSOPP & SONS beg + to inform the TRADE that they are now registering Orders for the March + Brewings of their PALE ALE in Casks of 18 Gallons and upwards, at the + BREWERY, Burton-on-Trent; and at the under-mentioned Branch + Establishments:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>LONDON, at 61. King William Street, City.</p> + <p>LIVERPOOL, at Cook Street.</p> + <p>MANCHESTER, at Ducie Place.</p> + <p>DUDLEY, at the Burnt Tree.</p> + <p>GLASGOW, at 115. St. Vincent Street.</p> + <p>DUBLIN, at 1. Crampton Quay.</p> + <p>BIRMINGHAM, at Market Hall.</p> + <p>SOUTH WALES, at 13. King Street, Bristol.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>MESSRS. ALLSOPP & SONS take the opportunity of announcing to + PRIVATE FAMILIES that the ALES, so strongly recommended by the Medical + Profession, may be procured in DRAUGHT and BOTTLES GENUINE from all the + most RESPECTABLE LICENSED VICTUALLERS, on "ALLSOPP'S PALE ALE" being + specially asked for.</p> + + <p>When in bottle the genuineness of the label can be ascertained by its + having "ALLSOPP & SONS" written across it.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>Printed by <span class="sc">Thomas Clark Shaw</span>, No. 10. + Stonefield Street, in the Parish of St. Mary, Islington, at No. 5. New + Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and + published by <span class="sc">George Bell</span>, of No. 186. Fleet + Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, + Publisher at No. 186 Fleet Street aforesaid.—Saturday, May 27, + 1854.</p> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 239, May 27, +1854, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, MAY 27, 1854 *** + +***** This file should be named 31690-h.htm or 31690-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/3/1/6/9/31690/ + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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