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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 215, December 10,
+1853, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Notes and Queries, Number 215, December 10, 1853
+       A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists,
+       Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc
+
+Author: Various
+
+Other: George Bell
+
+Release Date: December 4, 2009 [EBook #30594]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, DEC. 10, 1853 ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins
+and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images
+generously made available by The Internet Library of Early
+Journals.)
+
+
+
+
+
+Transcriber's note: A few typographical errors have been corrected: they
+are listed at the end of the text.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+{557} NOTES AND QUERIES:
+
+A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES,
+GENEALOGISTS, ETC.
+
+"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+No. 215.]
+SATURDAY, DECEMBER 10. 1853.
+[Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CONTENTS.
+
+  NOTES:--                                                    Page
+  Original Royal Letters to the Grand Masters of Malta,
+  by William Winthrop                                          557
+  Penny Sights and Exhibitions in the Reign of James I.,
+  by A. Grayan                                                 558
+  The Impossibilities of our Forefathers                       559
+  Parallel Passages, by the Rev. John Booker                   560
+  Astrology in America                                         561
+
+  MINOR NOTES:--"Hierosolyma est perdita"--Quaint Inscription
+  in a Belfry--The Chronicles of the Kings of Israel and
+  Judah--The Using a Circumstance as a "Peg," or "Nail," to
+  hang an Argument on, &c.--Turkish and Russian Grammars--
+  Chronograms in Sicily--Stone Pulpits--Advertisements and
+  Prospectuses                                                 561
+
+  Queries:--
+
+  English Refugees at Ypenstein                                562
+
+  MINOR QUERIES:--Petrarch's Laura--"Epitaphium Lucretiae"--
+  McDowall Family--Arms of Geneva--Webb of Monckton Farleigh--
+  Translation Wanted--Latin Translation from Sheridan, &c.--
+  Gale of Rent--Arms of Sir Richard de Loges--Gentile Names
+  of the Jews--Henry, Earl of Wotton--Kicker-eating--Chadderton
+  of Nuthurst, co. Lancashire--George, first Viscount
+  Lanesborough, and Sir Charles Cotterell--"Firm was their
+  faith," &c.--The Mother of William the Conqueror--Pedigree
+  of Sir Francis Bryan                                         562
+
+  MINOR QUERIES WITH ANSWERS--"The Whole Duty of Man"--"It
+  rained cats and dogs and little pitchforks:" Helter-skelter--
+  Father Traves--Precise Dates of Births and Deaths of the
+  Pretenders--Clarence                                         564
+
+  REPLIES:--
+  Mackey's "Theory of the Earth"                               565
+  Sincere, Simple, Singular                                    567
+  Poetical Tavern Signs                                        568
+  Homo Unius Libri                                             569
+  The Forlorn Hope, by W. R. Wilde                             569
+  Tieck's "Comoedia Divina"                                    570
+  Liveries worn by Gentlemen                                   571
+
+  PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE.--Queries on Dr. Diamond's
+  Calotype Process--Albumenized Paper                          572
+
+  REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES:--Marcarnes--X on Brewers' Casks--
+  No Sparrows at Lindham--Theobald le Botiller--Vault at
+  Richmond, Yorkshire--Lord Audley's Attendants at Poictiers--
+  Portraits at Brickwall House--The Words "Mob" and "Cash"--
+  English Clergyman in Spain--The Cid--Exterior Stoups--Green
+  Jugs used by the Templars--"Peccavi," I have Scinde--
+  Raffaele's "Sposalizio"--Early Use of Tin: Derivation of the
+  Name of Britain--Unpublished Epigram by Sir Walter Scott--
+  Derivation of the Word "Humbug"--Bees--Topsy Turvy--Parish
+  Clerks and Politics, &c.                                     572
+
+  MISCELLANEOUS:--
+  Notes on Books, &c.                                          577
+  Books and Odd Volumes wanted                                 578
+  Notices to Correspondents                                    578
+  Advertisements                                               578
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Notes.
+
+ORIGINAL ROYAL LETTERS TO THE GRAND MASTERS OF MALTA.
+
+(_Continued from_ p. 99.)
+
+In my first communication I did myself the pleasure to send you a correct
+list of all the royal letters which had been sent by different English
+monarchs to the Grand Masters of Malta, with their dates, the languages in
+which they were written, and stating to whom they were addressed. I now
+purpose to forward with your permission from time to time, literal
+translations of these letters, which Mr. Strickland of this garrison has
+kindly promised to give me. The subjoined are the first in order, and have
+been carefully compared, by Dr. Vella and myself, with the originals now in
+the Record Office.
+
+No. I.
+
+    Henry by the grace of God, King of England and France, Defender of the
+    Faith, and Lord of Ireland, to the Rev. Father in Christ, Philip
+    Villiers de L'Isle Adam, Grand Master of the Order of Jerusalem.
+
+  Our most dear friend--Greeting:
+
+The venerable and religious men, Sir Thomas Docreus, Prior of St. John's in
+this kingdom, and Sir W. Weston of your convent, Turcoplerius, have lately
+delivered to us the epistle of your Reverence, and when we had read it,
+they laid before us the commission which they had in charge, with so much
+prudence and address, and recommended to us the condition, well being, and
+honour of their Order with so much zeal and affection, that they have much
+increased the good will, which of ourselves we feel towards the Order, and
+have made us more eager in advancing all its affairs, so that we very much
+hope to declare by our actions the affection which we feel towards this
+Order.
+
+And that we might give some proof of this our disposition, we have written
+at great length to His Imperial Majesty, in _favour of maintaining the
+occupation_ of Malta, and we have given orders to our envoys there to help
+forward this affair as much as they are able. The other matters, indeed,
+{558} your Reverence will learn more in detail from the letters of the said
+Prior.
+
+  From our Palace at Richmond,
+      Eighth day of January, 1523,
+              Your good friend,
+                  HENRY REX.
+
+No. II.
+
+    Henry by the grace of God, King of England and France, Defender of the
+    Faith, and Lord of Ireland, to the Rev. Father in Christ, Philip
+    Villiers de L'Isle Adam, Grand Master of the Order of Jerusalem.
+
+  Our most dear friend--Greeting:
+
+By other of our letters we have commended to your Reverence our beloved Sir
+W. Weston, Turcoplerius, and the whole Order of Jerusalem in our kingdom;
+but since we honour the foresaid Sir W. Weston with a peculiar affection,
+we have judged him worthy that we should render him more agreeable and more
+acceptable to your Reverence, by this our renewed recommendation; and we
+trust that you will have it the more easily in your power to satisfy this
+our desire, because, on account of the trust which you yourself placed in
+him, you appointed him special envoy to ourselves in behalf of the affairs
+of his Order, and showed that you honoured him with equal good will. We
+therefore most earnestly entreat your Reverence not to be backward in
+receiving him on his return with all possible offices of love, and to serve
+him especially in those matters which regard his office of Turcoplerius,
+and his Mastership. Moreover, if any honours in the gift and disposal of
+your Reverence fall due to you, with firm confidence we beg of you to
+vouchsafe to appoint and promote the foresaid Sir William Weston to the
+same, which favour will be so pleasing and acceptable to us, that when
+occasion offers we will endeavour to return it not only to your Reverence,
+but also to your whole Order. And may every happiness attend you.
+
+  From our Palace at Windsor,
+      First day of August, 1524,
+              Your good friend,
+                  HENRY REX.
+
+No. III.
+
+    Henry by the grace of God, King of England and France, Defender of the
+    Faith, and Lord of Ireland, to the Rev. Father in Christ, Philip
+    Villiers de L'Isle Adam, Grand Master of the Order of Jerusalem.
+
+  Our most dear friend--Greeting:
+
+Ambrosius Layton, our subject, and brother of the same Order, has delivered
+to us your Reverence's letter, and from it we very well understand the
+matters concerning the said Order, which your Reverence had committed to
+his charge to be delivered to us; but we have delayed to return an answer,
+and we still delay, because we have understood that a general Chapter of
+your whole Order will be held in a short time, to which we doubt not that
+the more prudent and experienced of the brethren of the Order will come,
+and we trust that, by the general wish and counsel of all of you, a place
+may be selected for this illustrious Order which may be best suited for the
+imperial support and advancement of the Republic, and for the assailing of
+the infidels. When therefore your Reverence shall have made us acquainted
+with the place selected for the said Chapter, you shall find us no less
+prompt and ready than any other Christan prince in all things which can
+serve to the advantage and support of the said Order.
+
+  From our Palace at Richmond,
+      Fourth day (month omitted), 1526,
+              Your good friend,
+                  HENRY REX.
+
+That the subject of the above letters may be better understood, it may be
+necessary to state that L'Isle Adam was driven out of Rhodes by the Sultan
+Solyman, after a most desperate and sanguinary struggle, which continued
+almost without intermission from the 26th of June to the 18th of December,
+1523. From this date to the month of October, 1530, nearly seven years, the
+Order of St. John of Jerusalem had no fixed residence, and the Grand Master
+was a wanderer in Italy, either in Rome, Viterbo, Naples, or Syracuse,
+while begging of the Christian Powers to assist him in recovering Rhodes,
+or Charles V. to give him Malta as a residence for his convent. It was
+during this period that the above letters, and some others which I purpose
+sending hereafter, were written.
+
+WILLIAM WINTHROP.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+PENNY SIGHTS AND EXHIBITIONS IN THE REIGN OF JAMES I.
+
+The following curious list may amuse some of your readers. I met with it
+among the host of panegyrical verses prefixed to Master Tom Coryate's
+_Crudities_, published in 1611. Even in those days it will be admitted that
+the English were rather fond of such things, and glorious Will himself
+bears testimony to the fact. (See _Tempest_, Act II. Sc. 2.) The hexameter
+verses are anonymous; perhaps one of your well-read antiquaries may be able
+to assign to them the author, and be disposed to annotate them. I would
+particularly ask when was Drake's ship broken up, and is there any date on
+the chair[1] made from the wood, which is now to be seen at the Bodleian
+Library, Oxford?
+
+ "Why doe the rude vulgar so hastily post in a madnesse
+  To gaze at trifles, and toyes not worthy the viewing?
+  {559}
+  And thinke them happy, when may be shew'd for a penny
+  The Fleet-streete Mandrakes, that heavenly motion of Eltham,
+  Westminster Monuments, and Guildhall huge Corinaeus,
+  That horne of Windsor (of an Unicorne very likely),
+  The cave of Merlin, the skirts of Old Tom a Lincolne,
+  King John's sword at Linne, with the cup the Fraternity drinke in,
+  The tombe of Beauchampe, and sword of Sir Guy a Warwicke,
+  The great long Dutchman, and roaring Marget a Barwicke,
+  The mummied Princes, and Caesar's wine yet i' Dover,
+  Saint James his ginney-hens, the Cassawarway[2] moreover,
+  The Beaver i' the Parke (strange Beast as e'er any man saw),
+  Downe-shearing Willowes with teeth as sharpe as a hand-saw,
+  The lance of John a Gaunt, and Brandon's still i' the Tower,
+  The fall of Ninive, with Norwich built in an hower.
+  King Henries slip-shoes, the sword of valiant Edward,
+  The Coventry Boares-shield, and fire-workes seen but to bedward,
+  Drake's ship at Detford, King Richard's bed-sted i' Leyster,
+  The White Hall Whale-bones, the silver Bason i' Chester;
+  The live-caught Dog-fish, the Wolfe, and Harry the Lyon,
+  Hunks of the Beare Garden to be feared, if he be nigh on.
+  All these are nothing, were a thousand more to be scanned,
+  (Coryate) unto thy shoes so artificially tanned."
+
+In explanation of the last line, Tom went no less than 900 miles on one
+pair of soles, and on his return he hung up these remarkable shoes for a
+memorial in Odcombe Church, Somersetshire, where they remained till 1702.
+
+Another "penny" sight was a trip to the top of St. Paul's. (See Dekker's
+_Gul's Horne Book_, 1609.)
+
+A. GRAYAN.
+
+[Footnote 1: The date to Cowley's lines on the chair is 1662.]
+
+[Footnote 2: "An East Indian bird at Saint James, in the keeping of Mr.
+Walker, that will carry no coales, but eate them as whot as you will."]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+THE IMPOSSIBILITIES OF OUR FOREFATHERS.
+
+In turning over the pages of old authors, it is amusing to note how the
+_mountains_ of our primitive ancestors have become _mole-hills_ in the
+hands of the present generation! A few instances would, I think, be very
+instructive; and, to set the example, I give you the following from my own
+note-book.
+
+_The Overland Journey to India._--From the days of Sir John Mandeville,
+until a comparatively recent period, how portentous of danger, difficulty,
+and daring has been the "Waye to Ynde wyth the Maruelyes thereof!"
+
+In _Lingua, or the Combat of the Tongue_, by Brewer, London, 1657,
+originally published in 1607, Heursis complains that Phantases had
+interrupted his cogitations upon three things which had troubled his brain
+for many a day:
+
+    "_Phant._ Some great matters questionless; what were they?
+
+    _Heur._ The quadrature of the circle, the philosopher's stone, and the
+    _next way to the Indies_.
+
+    _Phant._ Thou dost well to meditate on these things all at once, for
+    they'll be found out altogether, _ad graecas calendas_."
+
+Dr. Robertson's _Disquisition on the Knowledge the Ancients had of India_,
+shows that communications overland existed from a remote period; and we
+know that the East India Company had always a route open for their
+dispatches on emergent occasions; but let the reader consult the
+_Reminiscences_ of Dr. Dibdin, and he will find an example of its utter
+uselessness when resorted to in 1776 to apprize the Home Government of
+hostile movements on the part of an enemy. To show, however, in a more
+striking light, the difference between the "overland route" a century back,
+and that of 1853, I turn up the _Journal of Bartholomew Plaisted_: London,
+1757. This gentleman, who was a servant of the East India Company, tells us
+that he embarked at Calcutta in 1749 for England; and, after encountering
+many difficulties, reached Dover _via_ Bussorah, Aleppo, and Marseilles in
+twelve months! Bearing this in mind, let the reader refer to the London
+daily papers of this eighth day of November, 1853, and he will find that
+intelligence reached the city on that afternoon of the arrival at Trieste
+of the _Calcutta_ steamer, furnishing us with telegraph advices from--
+
+  Bengal, Oct. 3.        36 days!
+  Bombay, Oct. 14.       25 days!!
+  Hong Kong, Sept. 27.   46 days!!!
+
+Rapid as this is, and strikingly as it exemplifies the gigantic appliances
+of our day, the cry of Heursis in the play is still for the _next_, or a
+nearer _way to India_; and, besides the _Ocean Mail_, the magnificent
+sailing vessels, and the steamers of _fabulous_ dimensions said to be
+building for the Cape route to perform the passage from London to Calcutta
+in thirty days, we are promised the _electric telegraph_ to furnish us with
+news from the above-named ports in a less number of _hours_ than _days_ now
+occupied!
+
+{560}
+
+We have thus seen that the impetus once given, it is impossible to limit or
+foresee where this tendency to knit us to the farthermost parts of the
+world will end!
+
+"Steam to India" was nevertheless almost stifled at its birth, and its
+early progress sadly fettered and retarded by those whose duty it was to
+have fostered and encouraged it--I mean the East India Company. From this
+censure of a body I would exclude some of their servants in India, and
+particularly a name that may be new to your readers in connexion with this
+subject, that of the late Mr. Charles P. Greenlaw of Calcutta, to whom I
+would ascribe all honour and glory as the great _precursor_ of the
+movement, subsequently so triumphantly achieved by the Peninsular and
+Oriental Company. This gentleman, at the head of the East India Company's
+Marine Establishment in Bengal, brought all the enthusiasm of his character
+to bear upon the question of steam _via_ the Red Sea; and raised such an
+agitation in the several Presidencies, that the _slow coach_ in Leadenhall
+Street was compelled to move on, and Mr. Greenlaw lived to see his labours
+successful. Poor Greenlaw was as deaf as a post, and usually carried on his
+arm a flexible pipe, with an ivory tip and mouth-piece, through which he
+received the communications of his friends. How often have I seen him,
+after an eloquent appeal on behalf of his scheme, hand this to the party he
+would win over to his views: and if the responses sent through it were
+favourable, he was delighted; but, if the contrary, his irascibility knew
+no bounds; and snatching his pipe from the mouth of the senseless man who
+could not see the value of "steam for India," he would impatiently coil it
+round his arm, and, with a recommendation to the less sanguine to give the
+subject the attention due to its importance, would whisk himself off to
+urge his point in some other quarter! I have already said that Mr. Greenlaw
+lived to see the overland communication firmly established; and his fellow
+citizens, to mark their high estimation of his character, and the unwearied
+application of his energies in the good cause, have embellished their fine
+"Metcalfe Hall" with a marble bust of this best of advocates for the
+interests of India.
+
+J. O.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+PARALLEL PASSAGES.
+
+(Vol. viii., p. 372.)
+
+Adopting the suggestion of F. W. J., I contribute the following parallel
+passages towards the collection which he proposes:
+
+    1. "And He said unto them, Take heed and beware of covetousness, for a
+    man's life consisteth not in the abundance of the things which he
+    possesseth."--Luke xii. 15.
+
+ "Non possidentem multa vocaveris
+  Recte beatum; rectius occupat
+    Nomen beati, qui Deorum
+      Muneribus sapienter uti,
+  Duramque callet pauperiem pati;
+  Pejusque leto flagitium timet."--Hor. _Carm._, lib. IV. ode ix.
+
+    2. "For that which I do I allow not: for what I would that do I not;
+    but what I hate that do I."--Rom. vii. 15.
+
+ "Sed trahit invitam nova vis; aliudque Cupido,
+  Mens aliud suadet. Video meliora, proboque:
+  Deteriora sequor."--Ovid, _Metam._, lib. VII. 19-21.
+
+ "Quae nocuere sequar, fugiam quae profore credam."--_Hor._, lib. I. epist.
+     viii. 11.
+
+    3. "Without father, without mother, without descent," &c.--Heb. vii. 3.
+
+ "Ante potestatem Tulli atque ignobile regnum,
+  Multos saepe viros, nullis majoribus ortos
+  Et vixisse probes," &c.--Hor. _Sat._ I. vi. 9.
+
+    4. "For I have said before, that ye are in our hearts to die and live
+    with you."--2 Cor. vii. 3.
+
+ "Tecum vivere amem, tecum obeam libens."--Hor. _Carm._, lib. III. ix.
+
+    5. "Let us eat and drink, for to-morrow we die."--1 Cor. xv. 32.
+
+ "Convivae certe tui dicunt, Bibamus moriendum est."--Senec. _Controv._
+     xiv.
+
+    6. "Be not thou afraid though one be made rich, or if the glory of his
+    house be increased; for he shall carry nothing away with him when he
+    dieth, neither shall his pomp follow him."--Ps. xlix. 16, 17.
+
+ "How loved, how honoured once, avails thee not;
+  To whom related, or by whom begot:
+  A heap of dust alone remains of thee.
+ 'Tis all thou art, and all the proud shall be."--Pope.
+
+ "Divesne, prisco natus ab Inacho,
+  Nil interest, an pauper, et infima
+    De gente sub divo moreris,
+      Victima nil miserantis Orci."--Hor. _Carm._, lib. II. iii.
+
+The following close parallelism between Ben Jonson and Horace, though a
+little wide of your correspondent's suggestion, is also worthy of notice. I
+have never before seen it remarked upon. It would, perhaps, be more correct
+to describe it as a plagiarism than as a parallelism:
+
+   "_Mosca._                  And besides, Sir,
+  You are not like the thresher that doth stand
+  With a huge flail, watching a heap of corn,
+  And, hungry, dares not taste the smallest grain,
+  But feeds on mallows, and such bitter herbs;
+  Nor like the merchant, who hath filled his vaults
+  With Romagnia, and rich Candian wines,
+  Yet drinks the lees of Lombard's vinegar:
+  You will lie not in straw, whilst moths and worms
+  {561}
+  Feed on your sumptuous hangings and soft beds;
+  You know the use of riches."--Ben Johnson, _The Fox_.
+
+ "Si quis ad ingentem frumenti semper acervum
+  Prorectus vigilet cum longo fuste, neque illinc
+  Audeat esuriens dominus contingere granum,
+  Ac potius foliis parcus vescatur amaris:
+  Si, positis intus Chii veterisque Falerni
+  Mille cadis--nihil est, tercentum millibus, acre
+  Potet acetum; age, si et stramentis incubet, unde--
+  Octoginta annos natus, cui stragula vestis,
+  Blattarum ac tinearum epulae, putrescat in arca."--Hor. _Sat._, lib. II.
+      iii.
+
+JOHN BOOKER.
+
+Prestwich.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ASTROLOGY IN AMERICA.
+
+The six following advertisements are cut from a recent Number of the _New
+York Herald_:
+
+    "Madame Morrow, seventh daughter of a seventh daughter, and a
+    descendant of a line of astrologers reaching back for centuries, will
+    give ladies private lectures on all the events of life, in regard to
+    health, wealth, love, courtship, and marriage. She is without exception
+    the most wonderful astrologist in the world, or that has ever been
+    known. She will even tell their very thoughts, and will show them the
+    likenesses of their intended husbands and absent friends, which has
+    astonished thousands during her travels in Europe. She will leave the
+    city in a very short time. 76. Broome Street, between Cannon and
+    Columbia. Gentlemen are not admitted."
+
+    "Madame la Compt flatters herself that she is competent, by her great
+    experience in the art of astrology, to give true information in regard
+    to the past, present, and future. She is able to see clearly any losses
+    her visitors may have sustained, and will give satisfactory information
+    in regard to the way of recovery. She has and continues to give perfect
+    satisfaction. Ladies and gentlemen 50 cents. 13. Howard Street."
+
+    "Mad. la Compt has been visited by over two hundred ladies and
+    gentlemen the past week, and has given perfect satisfaction; and, in
+    consideration of the great patronage bestowed upon her, she will remain
+    at 13. Howard Street for four days more, when she will positively sail
+    for the South."
+
+    "Mrs. Alwin, renowned in Europe for her skill in foretelling the
+    future, has arrived, and will furnish intelligence about all
+    circumstances of life. She interprets dreams, law matters, and love, by
+    astrology, books, and science, and tells to ladies and gentlemen the
+    name of the persons they will marry; also the names of her visitors.
+    Mrs. Alvin speaks the English, French and German languages. Residence,
+    25. Rivington Street, up stairs, near the Bowery. Ladies 50 cents,
+    gentlemen 1 dollar."
+
+    "Mrs. Prewster, from Philadelphia, tenders her services to the ladies
+    and gentlemen of this city in astrology, love, and law matters,
+    interpreting dreams, &c., by books and science, constantly relied on by
+    Napoleon; and will tell the name of the lady or gentleman they will
+    marry; also the names of the visitors. Residence, No. 59. Great Jones
+    Street, corner of the Bowery. Ladies 50 cents, gentlemen 1 dollar."
+
+    "The celebrated Dr. F. Shuman, Swede by birth, just arrived in this
+    city, offers his services in astrology, physiognomy, &c. He can be
+    consulted on matters of love, marriage, past, present, and future
+    events in life. Nativity calculated for ladies and gentlemen. Mr. S.
+    has travelled through the greater part of the world in the last
+    forty-two years, and is willing to give the most satisfactory
+    information. Office, 175. Chambers Street, near Greenwich."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Minor Notes.
+
+"_Hierosolyma est perdita._"--Whilst studying in Germany, I remember seeing
+one day some Jews in a great passion because a few little boys had been
+shouting "Hep! hep!" On information I heard, that whenever the German
+knights headed a Jew-hunt in the Middle Ages, they always raised the cry
+"Hep! hep!" This is remembered even to the present day.
+
+HENRI VAN LAUN.
+
+King William's College, Isle of Man.
+
+_Quaint Inscription in a Belfry._--I think the following unique piece of
+authorship deserves, for its quaint originality, a corner in "N. & Q." It
+is copied from an inscription dated Jan. 31, 1757, in the belfry of the
+parish church of Fenstanton, Hunts:
+
+ "January y^e 31, 1757.
+  Hear was ten defran^t
+  Peals Rung in 50 minutes
+  which is 1200,
+  Changes by thouse,
+  names who are Under.
+
+  1. Jn^o Allin
+  2. Jm^s Brown
+  3. Jno. Cade
+  4. Rob^t Cole
+  5. Will^m How."
+
+ "All you young Men y^t larn y^o Ringen Art,
+  Besure you see & will perform your part
+  no Musick with it Can Excell.
+  nor be compared to y^e Melodeus bells."
+
+Perhaps I may as well add that this is a faithful copy of the original
+inscription, both in orthography and punctuation.
+
+W. T. WATTS.
+
+St. Ives, Hunts.
+
+_The Chronicles of the Kings of Israel and Judah._--After the many
+conjectures which have been formed respecting the [Hebrew: SPR DBRY HYMYM]
+of the kings of Israel and Judah, allow me to suggest the probability of
+their bearing some resemblance to the records of the "wars" and "might" of
+the monarchs of Assyria, recently brought to light by Mr. Layard.
+
+[Hebrew: P].
+
+_The Using a Circumstance as a "Peg," or "Nail," to hang an Argument on,
+&c._--In the parliamentary debates we frequently read of one honorable
+member accusing another honorable member of dragging in a certain
+expression or quotation for the mere sake of hanging upon it some argument
+or observation apposite to his motion or resolution.--Query, The origin of
+this term?
+
+My attention was drawn to it by reading the First Lesson at Morning Prayer
+for 25th May, viz. Ezra ix. 8., where the expression means something to
+hold by, or some resting-place.
+
+In the following verse, the term is changed into "a wall," meaning some
+support or help.
+
+Has this passage ever challenged the attention of any of your numerous
+readers, or can the common saying fairly be referred to it?
+
+ANON.
+
+Norwood.
+
+_Turkish and Russian Grammars._--At the present moment it may be found
+interesting to make a note of it for "N. & Q.," that the first {562}
+Turkish and Russian grammars published in this country appeared at Oxford;
+the Turkish, by Seaman, in 1670, and the Russian, by Ludolf, in 1696. Both
+are written in Latin.
+
+J. M.
+
+_Oxford._
+
+_Chronograms in Sicily._--After the opening of the gold mines at
+Fiume-di-Nisi, which are now being reworked, the Messinese struck coins
+bearing the motto--
+
+ "eX VIsCerIbVs MeIs haeC fVnDItVr."
+
+Giving XVICIVMICVDIV. 1734?
+
+On a fountain near the church of St. Francesco di Paola:
+
+                 "D. O. M.
+  Imperante Carlo VI., Vicregente Comite de Palma,
+        Gubernante Civitatem Comite de Wallis.
+
+                  P. P. P.
+  Vt aCtIonIbVs nostrIs IVste proCeDaMVs."
+
+Which gives VCIIVIIVCDMV. 1724.
+
+The death of Charles, Infanta of Spain, is thus indicated:
+
+ "FILIVs ante DIeM patrIos InqVIrIt In annos."
+
+1568.
+
+G. E. T. S. R. N.
+
+_Stone Pulpits._--A complete list of _ancient_ stone pulpits in England and
+Wales would be desirable. Their positions should be specified; and whether
+in use or not, should be stated. I have seen the following:
+
+Nantwich, Cheshire; at the junction of north transept and chancel (not
+used).
+
+Bristol Cathedral; adjoining one of the north pillars of nave (not used).
+
+Wolverhampton Collegiate Church; adjoining one of south pillars of nave (in
+use?)
+
+T. H. KERSLEY, B.A.
+
+Audlem, Nantwich.
+
+_Advertisements and Prospectuses._--It is, I believe, the custom for the
+most part to make wastepaper of the advertisements and prospectuses that
+are usually stitched up, in considerable numbers, with the popular reviews
+and magazines. Now, as these adventitious sheets often contain scraps and
+fragments of contemporaneous intelligence, literary and bibliographical,
+with occasional artistic illustrations, would it not be well to preserve
+them, and to bind them up in a separate form at the end of the year;
+connecting them with the particular review or magazine to which they
+belonged, but describing also the contents of the volume by a distinct
+lettering-piece?
+
+If the work of destruction of such frail, but frequently interesting
+records, should go on at the present rate, posterity will be in danger of
+losing many valuable data respecting the state of British literature at
+different periods, as depicted by a humbler class of documents, employed by
+it for the diffusion of its copious productions.
+
+JOHN MACRAY.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Queries.
+
+ENGLISH REFUGEES AT YPENSTEIN.
+
+When I was at Alkmaar about thirty years ago, I strolled to the
+neighbouring village of Heilo, on the road to Limmen, where I saw,
+surrounded by a moat, the foundations of the castle of Ypenstein. A view of
+this once noble pile is to be found in the well-known work of Rademaker,
+_Kabinet van Nederlandsche en Kleefsche Oudheden_. This place, as tradition
+tells, once witnessed the perpetration of a violent deed. When the son of
+the unfortunate Charles I. was an exile in our country, this house
+Ypenstein was occupied by a family of English emigrants, high in rank, who
+lived here for a while in quiet. How far these exiles were even here secure
+from the spies of Cromwell appeared on a certain dark night, after a
+suspicious vessel had been seen from the village of Egmond, when an armed
+band of the Protector's Puritans, led by a guide, marched over the heath to
+the house Ypenstein, seized all the inhabitants, and carried them off, by
+the way they had come, to the coast, put them on board, and transported
+them most probably to England. In such secresy and silence was this
+violation of territory and the rights of hospitality perpetrated, that no
+one in the neighbourhood perceived anything of the occurrence, except a
+miller who saw the troop crossing the pathless heath in the direction of
+the coast, but could not conceive what had brought so many persons together
+in such a place at midnight.
+
+I would gladly learn whether anything is known of this transaction; and if
+so, where I may find farther particulars of this English family, their
+probable political importance, &c. To investigate the truth of this
+tradition, that we may acquit or convict the far-famed Cromwell of so foul
+a crime, cannot certainly be untimely now that two celebrated learned men
+have undertaken to vindicate his memory.--From the _Navorscher_.
+
+INQUAERITOR.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Minor Queries.
+
+_Petrarch's Laura._--Mr. Mathews, in his _Diary of an Invalid in Italy,
+&c._, p. 380., in speaking of the outrages and indignities which, during
+the Revolution, were committed throughout France on the remains of the
+dead, and were amongst the most revolting of its horrors, mentions, on the
+authority of a fellow-passenger, an eye-witness, that the body of
+Petrarch's Laura had been seen exposed to the most brutal indignities in
+the streets of Avignon. He told Mr. Mathews that {563} it had been
+embalmed, and was found in a mummy state, of a dark brown colour. I have
+not met with any mention of these these circumstances elsewhere. Laura is
+stated to have died of the plague (which seems to render it unlikely that
+her body was embalmed): and according to Petrarch's famous note on his MS.
+of Virgil, she was buried the same day, after vespers, in the church of the
+Cordeliers. The date was April 1, 1348. That church was long celebrated for
+her tomb, which contained also the body of Hugues de Sade, her husband. The
+edifice is stated to be ruined, its very site being converted into a
+fruit-garden; but the tomb is said to be still entire under the ground: and
+more than twenty years after the French Revolution, a small cypress was
+pointed out as marking the spot where Laura was interred.
+
+Is the circumstance of the desecration of her tomb mentioned by any other
+writer? If it really took place, are we to conclude that the tree--if it
+still exists--marks only the place where she had been interred: for, that
+the body was rescued and recommitted to the tomb, can hardly be supposed?
+
+WM. SIDNEY GIBSON.
+
+"_Epitaphium Lucretiae._"--The following lines are offered for insertion,
+not because I doubt their being known to many of your readers, but with a
+view to ask the name of the author:
+
+         "_Epitaphium Lucretiae._
+  Dum foderet ferro tenerum Lucretia pectus
+    Sanguinis et torrens egrederetur: ait,
+ 'Accedant testes me non cessisse tyranno
+   'Ante virum sanguis, spiritus ante Deos.'"
+
+BALLIOLENSIS.
+
+_McDowall Family._--More than a century ago there was a family (since
+extinct) of the name of McDowall, in the county Cavan, Ireland, belonging
+to some branch of the ancient and noble Scottish family of that name, who
+had migrated to these shores. Perhaps some of your readers could inform me
+as to what branch they belonged, and when they settled in Ireland, as also
+if there be any pedigree of them extant, as I am very anxious to learn
+something of them at all events?
+
+GULIELMUS.
+
+Dublin.
+
+_Arms of Geneva._--Will any of your correspondents oblige me with a
+technical blazon of the arms of the town of Geneva?
+
+F. F. B.
+
+Bury St. Edmunds.
+
+_Webb of Monckton Farleigh._--Perhaps some reader of "N. & Q." would be so
+good as to inform me what were the arms, crest, and motto of the Webbs of
+Monckton Farleigh, co. Wilts; also, if there be any pedigree of them
+extant, and where it is to be found; or otherwise would direct me what
+would be my best means to ascertain some account of that family, who are
+now represented by the Duke of Somerset?
+
+HENRI.
+
+Dublin.
+
+_Translation Wanted._--Can any of your correspondents inform me where I may
+meet with a translation by the Rev. F. Hodgson, late Provost of Eton, &c.,
+of the _Atys_ of Catllus?
+
+P. J. F. GANTILLON, B.A.
+
+_Latin Translation from Sheridan, &c._--My treacherous memory retains one
+line only of each of two translations into Latin verse, admirably done, of
+two well-known pieces of English poetry. The first from a song by Sheridan,
+of the lines:
+
+ "Nor can I believe it then,
+  Till it gently press again."
+
+ "Conscia ni dextram dextera pressa premat."
+
+The second:
+
+ "Man wants but little here below,
+    Nor wants that little long."
+
+is thus rendered:
+
+ "Poscimus in terris pauca, nec illa diu."
+
+If in the circle of your correspondents the complete translations can be
+furnished, you will by their insertion, gratify other lovers of modern
+Latin poetry besides
+
+BALLIOLENSIS.
+
+_Gale of Rent._--I can imagine what is meant by a _gale of rent_, and be
+thankful I have not to pay one. But what is the origin of the term _gale_
+as thus applied?
+
+Y. B. N. J.
+
+_Arms of Sir Richard de Loges._--What were the arms borne by Sir Richard de
+Loges, or Lodge, of Chesterton, in the county of Warwick, temp. Henry IV.?
+
+LN.
+
+_Gentile Names of the Jews._--Are the Jews known to each other by their
+Gentile names of Rothschild, Montefiore, Davis, &c.? or are these only
+their _nommes de guerre_, assumed and abandoned at will on change of
+country?
+
+G. E. T. S. R. N.
+
+_Henry, Earl of Wotton_ (Vol. viii., pp. 173. 281.).--The editors of the
+_Navorscher_ express their thanks to BROCTUNA for his reply to their Query,
+but hope he will kindly increase their debt of gratitude by elucidating
+three points which seem to them obscure:
+
+1. Which Lord Stanhope died childless? Not Henry, Lord Stanhope, for he
+(see p. 281.) left a son and two daughters; nor yet Philip, for his widow
+had borne him daughters. Or have we wrongly understood the letters _s. p._
+to signify _sine prole_?
+
+2. Was it the Earl of Chesterfield, half-brother of Charles Henry van den
+Kerckhove, or Charles {564} Stanhope his nephew, who took the name of
+Wotton?
+
+3. Knight's _National Cyclopaedia of Useful Knowledge_ (vol. xi. p. 374.)
+names James Stanhope, Earl Stanhope, the eldest son of the Hon. Alexander
+Stanhope, second son of Philip Stanhope, first Earl of Chesterfield. Had
+the latter then, besides the above-named (see p. 281.) Henry, Lord
+Stanhope, also other sons?
+
+_Kicker-eating._--Can any of your West Yorkshire readers supply me with
+information relative to a practice which is said formerly to have prevailed
+at Cleckheaton, of eating "kicker," or horseflesh? It is a fact that
+natives of that locality who come to reside at Leeds are still subjected to
+the opprobrium of being _kicker-eaters_.
+
+H. W.
+
+_Chadderton of Nuthurst, co. Lancashire._--When did the family of
+Chadderton become extinct? Had Edmund Chadderton, son and heir of George
+Chadderton by Jane Warren of Poynton, any descendants? and if so, what were
+their names and the dates of their respective births, marriages, and
+deaths? In short, any particulars relating to them down to the period of
+the extinction of this family would be most acceptable.
+
+J. B.
+
+_George, first Viscount Lanesborough, and Sir Charles Cotterell._--G. S. S.
+begs to submit the following questions to the readers of "N. & Q.:" When
+did George Lane, first Viscount Lanesborough, in Ireland, die? And when Sir
+Charles Cotterell, the translator of _Cassandra?_ Where were they both
+buried?
+
+_"Firm was their faith," &c._--Who was the writer of those beautiful lines,
+of which the following, the only verse I remember, is a portion?
+
+ "Firm was their faith, the ancient bands,
+  The wise in heart, in wood and stone,
+  Who rear'd with stern and trusting hands,
+  The dark grey towers of days unknown.
+  They fill'd those aisles with many a thought,
+  They bade each nook some truth recall,
+  The pillar'd arch its legend brought,
+  A doctrine came with roof and wall!"
+
+And where can they be met with entire?
+
+P. M.
+
+_The Mother of William the Conqueror._--Can you or any of your
+correspondents say which is right? In Debrett's _Peerage_ for 1790 the
+genealogy of the Marchioness Grey gives her descent from "Rollo or Fulbert,
+who was chamberlain to Robert, Duke of Normandy; and of his gift had the
+castle and manor of Croy in Picardy, whence his posterity assumed their
+surname, afterwards written de Grey. Which Rollo had a daughter Arlotta,
+mother of William the Conqueror." Now history says that the mother of the
+Conqueror was Arlette or Arlotte, the daughter of a tanner at Falaise. We
+know how scrupulous the Norman nobility were in their genealogical records;
+and likewise that in the lapse of time mistakes are perpetuated and become
+history. Can history in this instance be wrong? and if so, how did the
+mistake arise? I shall feel obliged to any one who can furnish farther
+information on the subject.
+
+ALPHA.
+
+_Pedigree of Sir Francis Bryan._--This accomplished statesman, and ornament
+of Henry VIII.'s reign, married Joan of Desmond, Countess Dowager of
+Ormonde, and died childless in Ireland A.D. 1550. Query, Did any cadet of
+his family accompany him to that country? I found a Louis Bryan settled in
+the county of Kilkenny in Elizabeth's reign, and suspect that he came in
+through the connexion of Sir F. Bryan with the Ormonde family. Any
+information as to the arms and pedigree of Sir F. Bryan will greatly oblige
+
+JAMES GRAVES.
+
+Kilkenny.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Minor Queries with Answers.
+
+"_The Whole Duty of Man._"--Of what nature is the testimony that this book
+was written by Dorothy Coventry, "the good Lady Pakington?"
+
+QUAESITOR.
+
+    [The supposition that Lady Packington was the author of _The Whole Duty
+    of Man_, arose from a copy of it in her handwriting having been found
+    at Westwood after her death. (Aubrey's _Letters_, vol. ii. p. 125.) But
+    the strongest evidence in favour of Lady Packington is the following
+    note: "Oct. 13, 1698. Mr. Thomas Caulton, Vicar of Worksop, in
+    Nottinghamshire, in the presence of William Thornton, Esq., and his
+    lady, Mrs. Heathcote, Mrs. Ashe, Mrs. Caulton, and John Hewit, Rector
+    of Harthill, declared the words following: 'Nov. 5, 1689. At
+    Shire-Oaks, Mrs. Eyre took me up into her chamber after dinner, and
+    told me that her daughter Moyser, of Beverley, was dead. Among other
+    things concerning the private affairs of the family, she told me who
+    was the author of _The Whole Duty of Man_, at the same time pulling out
+    of a private drawer a MS. tied together, and stitched in 8vo., which
+    she declared was the original copy written by Lady Packington her
+    mother, who disowned ever having written the other books imputed to be
+    by the same author, excepting _The Decay of Christian Piety_. She
+    added, too, that it had been perused in MS. by Dr. Covel, Master of
+    Trinity College, Cambridge, Dr. Stamford, Prebendary of York, and Mr.
+    Banks, Rector of the Great Church at Hull.' Mr. Caulton declared this
+    upon his death-bed, two days before his decease. W. T. and J. H." This
+    is quoted from the Rev. W. B. Hawkins's Introduction to Pickering's
+    edition of 1842; and a similar account, with unimportant variations, is
+    given in "N. & Q.," Vol. ii. p. 292.: see also Vol. v., p. 229., and
+    Vol. vi., p. 537.]
+
+{565}
+
+_"It rained cats and dogs and little pitchforks."_--_Helter-skelter._--What
+can be the origin of this saying? I can imagine that rain may descend with
+such sharpness and violence as to cause as much destruction as a shower of
+"pitchforks" would; but if any of your readers can tell me why heavy rain
+should be likened to "cats and dogs," I shall be truly obliged. Many years
+ago I saw a most cleverly drawn woodcut, of a party of travellers
+encountering this imaginary shower; some of the animals were descending
+helter-skelter from the clouds; others wreaking their vengeance on the
+amazed wayfarers, while the "pitchforks" were running into the bodies of
+the terrified party, while they were in vain attempting to run out of the
+way of those which were threatening to fall upon their heads, and thus
+striking them to the ground. So strange an idea must have had some peculiar
+origin.--Can you or your readers say what it is?
+
+M. E. C.
+
+P. S.--I find I have used a word above, of which every one knows the
+_signification_, "helter-skelter;" but I, for one, confess myself ignorant
+of its _derivation_. And I shall be glad to be informed on the subject.
+
+    [As to the etymology of _helter-skelter_, Sir John Stoddart remarks,
+    "The real origin of the word is obscure. If we suppose the principal
+    meaning to be in the first part, it may probably come from the Islandic
+    _hilldr_ pugna; if in the latter part, it may be from the German
+    _schalten_, to thrust forward, which in the dialect of the north of
+    England means 'to scatter and throw abroad as molehills are when
+    levelled;' or from _skeyl_, which in the same dialect is 'to push on
+    one side, to overturn.'"]
+
+_Father Traves._--Can any of your Lancashire readers refer me to a source
+whence I might obtain information on matters pertaining to the life of one
+Father Travers [Traves], the friend and correspondent of the celebrated
+martyr John Bradford?
+
+As yet I have but met with the incidental mention of his name in the pages
+of Fox, and in Hollingworth's _Mancuensis_, pp. 75, 76.
+
+A JESUIT.
+
+    [The name is spelt by Fox sometimes Traves and sometimes Travers; but
+    who he was there is no particular mention; except that it appears from
+    Bradford's letters that he was some friend of the family, and from the
+    superscription to one of them, that he was the minister of Blackley,
+    near Manchester, in which place, or near to which, Bradford's mother
+    must then have resided. Strype says, he was a learned and pious
+    gentleman, his patron and counsellor.--_Mem. Eccles._, vol. iii. part
+    I. p. 364.]
+
+_Precise Dates of Births and Deaths of the Pretenders._--Will any one be so
+kind as to tell me the date of the birth and death of James VIII. and his
+son Charles III. (commonly called Prince Charles Edward Stuart)? These
+dates are given so variously, that I am anxious to ascertain them
+correctly.
+
+L. M. M. R.
+
+    [We believe the following to be the precise dates:--James VIII., born
+    June 10, 1688; died January 2, 1765-6. Charles Edward, born December
+    20, 1720 (sometimes printed as New Style, Dec. 31); died January 31,
+    1788.]
+
+_Clarence._--Whence the name of this dukedom? Was the title borne by any
+one before the time of Lionel, son of Edward III.?
+
+W. T. M.
+
+    [The title CLARENCE was, as we learn from Camden (_Britannia_, edit.
+    Gough, vol. ii. pp. 73, 74.), derived from the honour of Clare, in
+    Suffolk; and was _first_ borne by Lionel Plantagenet, third son of
+    Edward III., who married Elizabeth de Burgh, daughter and heir of
+    William, Earl of Ulster, and obtained with her the honour of Clare. He
+    became, _jure uxoris_, Earl of Ulster, and was created, September 15,
+    1362, Duke of Clarence.]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Replies.
+
+MACKEY'S "THEORY OF THE EARTH".
+
+(Vol. viii., p. 468.)
+
+About the year 1827, when the prosecutions for blasphemy were leading
+hundreds and thousands to see what could be said against Christianity, with
+a very powerful bias to make the most of all that they could find, some
+friends of mine, of more ingenuity than erudition, strongly recommended to
+my attention the works of a shoemaker at Norwich, named Mackey, who they
+said was more learned than any one else, and had completely shown up _the
+thing_. It is worth a note that I perfectly remember the cause of their
+excitement to have been the imprisonment of the Rev. Robert Taylor, for
+publishing various arguments against revelation. I examined several works
+of Mackey's, and I have yet one or two bound up among my wonders of nature
+and art. As in time to come, when neither love nor money will procure a
+copy of these books, some tradition may set inquirers looking after them,
+perhaps it may be worth while to preserve a couple of extracts for the
+benefit of those who have the sense to hunt the index of "N. & Q." before
+they give up anything.
+
+    "The Virgin Andromeda, the daughter of _Cepheus_ and _Cassiopeia_, was
+    the representative of Palestina; a long, narrow, rocky strip of land;
+    figuratively called the daughter of Rocks and Mountains; because it is
+    a country abounding with rocks and stones. And the Greeks, really
+    supposing _Cepha_, a rock or stone, to have been the young ladies
+    father, added their sign of the masculine gender to it, and it became
+    Cepha-_us_. And mount Cassius being its southern boundary was called
+    _Cassiobi_; from its being also the boundary of the _overflowed Nile_,
+    called Obi, which the Greeks {566} softened into _Cassiopeia_, and
+    supposed it to have been her mother;..."--_Mythological Astronomy, part
+    second_, Norwich, 1823, 12mo., p. xiii.
+
+    "The story of ABRAHAM, notwithstanding all the endeavours of
+    theologians to give it the appearance of the history of human beings,
+    has preserved its mythological features with an outline and colouring,
+    easily to be recognised by every son of _Urania_ [Ur of the Chaldees is
+    subsequently made to contain the root of _Uranus_]. We have just seen
+    that the Egyptians have their harvest about the time which the sun
+    _passes over_ the equator, and if we go back to the time of _Abraham_
+    we shall find that the equator [perhaps he means equinox] was in
+    _Taurus_; the Egyptians must, then, have had their harvest while the
+    sun was in the Bull; the Bull was, therefore, in their figurative way
+    of speaking, the father of harvest, not only because he ploughed the
+    ground, but because the sun was there when they got in their harvest:
+    thus the Bull was doubly distinguished as their benefactor; he was now,
+    more than ever, become the _Bull of life_, i. e. he was not only called
+    _Abir_, the Bull, but _Abir-am_ or Ab'-r-am, the _Bull of life_,--the
+    father of harvest. And as their harvest was originally under the
+    direction of Iseth, or Isis, whatever belonged to harvest was _Isiac_;
+    but the Bull, _Abiram_, was now become the _father of Isiac_! and to
+    give this the appearance of a human descent, they added to Abir, the
+    masculine affix _ah_; then it became AB'-RH-AM who was the father of
+    Isiac. And we actually find _this equivoque_ in the hebrew history of
+    _Abram_ whom the Lord afterwards called _Abraham_, who was the _father
+    of Isaac_, whose seed was to be countless as the sand on the sea-shore
+    for multitude; even this is truly applied to _Isiac_ the offspring of
+    Ab'-rh-am; for countless indeed are the offspring of the _scythe and
+    sickle_! but if we allow _Isiac_ to be a _real son of Ab-rah-am_ we
+    must enquire after his _mother_. During the time that the equator
+    [perhaps he means the sun] is passing through the constellation of the
+    Bull in the spring, the Bull would _rise in the east_ every morning in
+    the harvest time, in Egypt,--but in the _poetical language of the
+    ancients_, it would be said that, when ABIR-AM _consorts_ with _Aurora_
+    he will produce _Isiac_. But _Aurora_ is well known to be the _golden
+    splendour of the east_, and the brightness of the east is called
+    _Zara_, and the morning star is _Serah_, in the eastern languages, and
+    we find a similar change of sound in the name of Isaac's mother, whom
+    the Lord would no longer call _Sarai_ but Sarah. _These_ ARE remarkable
+    coincidences!"--_Companion to the Mythological Astronomy_, Norwich,
+    1824, 12mo. pp. 177-179.
+
+M.
+
+In answer to the inquiry respecting this singular man, I beg to say that I
+remember him between the years 1826 and 1830, as a shoemaker in Norwich. He
+was in a low rank of trade, and in poor circumstances, which he endeavoured
+to improve by exhibiting at private houses an orrery of his own making. He
+was recognised as a "genius;" but, as may be seen by his writings, had
+little reverence for established forms of belief. At the period of which I
+speak, which was soon after the publication of his first work, I knew but
+little of his mind, and lost sight of him altogether till about 1840. Then
+circumstances connected with my own line of study led me to call on him in
+Doughty's Hospital, Norwich, an asylum for aged persons. I found him
+surrounded by astronomical apparatus, books, the tools of his former trade,
+and all kinds of strange litters. In the conversation that ensued, I
+learned much of the workings of his mind; though his high self-appreciation
+could not descend to unreserved converse with a woman. My object was, to
+ascertain by what steps he had arrived at his theory of the earth's motion,
+but I could gain nothing distinct. He mentioned the _Asiatic Researches_ as
+containing vast information on his peculiar subject; quoted Latin, and I
+think Greek, authors; and seemed to place great dependence on Maurice and
+Bryant; but, above all, on Capt. Wilford's _Essays_. He showed me some
+elaborate calculations, at which he was then working and still fancied
+himself qualified, perhaps destined, to head a great revolution in the
+astronomical world. I cannot say how far his knowledge of geology went, as
+I am not well acquainted with that science. He had evidently read and
+studied deeply, but alone; his own intellect had never been brushed by the
+intellects and superior information of truly scientific men, and it
+appeared to me that a vast deal of dirt, real dirt, had accumulated in his
+mind. My visit disappointed and pained me, but he seemed gratified, and I
+therefore promised to call again, which I did, but he was not at home. I
+think this visit was soon after he had removed into the hospital, for I
+then purchased his last work, _The Age of Mental Emancipation_, published
+1836, before he obtained that asylum. He died before 1849, but I do not
+know the exact year.
+
+In any next visit to Norwich, I will make inquiries on all points relating
+to Mackey, of the very few persons now left who took interest in him, and I
+think I can find the printer of his last pamphlet.
+
+I have not the work mentioned in "N. & Q.;" but, besides his last work, I
+have _The Mythological Astronomy of the Ancients demonstrated_, which is
+partly in poetry.
+
+I have been obliged to write this Note in the first person, as I can give
+only my own impressions respecting Mackey; and I wish that ere this you may
+have received clearer information from more competent persons. If your
+Querist have the _least grain_ of faith in the theory of Mackey, I hope he
+will not let the subject drop, for I have long been deeply interested in
+it.
+
+F. C. B.
+
+Diss.
+
+Mackey, of whom your correspondent inquires, was an entirely self-educated
+man, but a learned shoemaker, residing in Norwich. He devoted all his
+leisure time to astronomical, geological, and {567} philological pursuits;
+and had some share in the formation of a society in his native town, for
+the purpose of debating questions relative to these sciences. I have
+understood that he was for some time noticed by a small portion of the
+scientific world, but afterwards neglected, as, from his own account, he
+appears also to have been by his literary fellow townsmen; and at last to
+have died in a Norwich alms-house. This is but a meagre account of the man,
+but it is possible that I may be able to glean farther particulars on the
+subject; for a medical friend of mine, who some time ago lent me
+_Mythological Astronomy_, promised to let me see some papers in his
+possession relative to this learned shoemaker's career, and to a few of his
+unpublished speculations. When I have an opportunity of seeing these, I
+shall be glad to communicate to your correspondent through "N. & Q."
+anything of interest. The title-page of _Mythological Astronomy_ runs thus:
+
+    "The Mythological Astronomy of the Ancients demonstrated by restoring
+    to their Fables and Symbols their Original Meanings. By Sampson Arnold
+    Mackey, Shoemaker. Norwich: printed by R. Walker, near the Duke's
+    Palace. Published May 1, 1822, by S. A. Mackey, Norwich."
+
+The book contains a variety of subjects, but principally treats of the
+Hindoo, Greek, and Roman mythology; and endeavours to deduce all the fables
+and symbols of the ancients from the starry sphere. It also contains a
+singular hypothesis of the author's upon the celebrated island of Atlantis,
+mentioned by Plato and other Greek authors; and some very curious
+speculations concerning the doctrine of the change in the angle which the
+plane of the ecliptic makes with the plane of the equator.
+
+Urania's _Key to the Revelations_ is bound up with the above work. I forgot
+to say that his _Ancient Mythology demonstrated_ is written in verse, and
+afterwards more fully explained by notes. His poetical abilities, however,
+neither suit the subject, nor are of a very high order. His prose is
+better, but here and there shows the deficiency of education.
+
+E. M. R.
+
+Grantham.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+SINCERE, SIMPLE, SINGULAR.
+
+(Vol. viii., pp. 195. 328. 399.)
+
+When a hive of bees is taken, the practice is to lay the combs upon a sieve
+over some vessel, in only that the honey may drain out of the combs. Whilst
+the combs are in the hive, they hang perpendicularly, and each cell is
+horizontal; and in this position the honey in the cells which are in the
+course of being filled does not run out; but when the combs are laid on the
+sieve horizontally, the cells on the lower side of the combs hang
+perpendicularly, and then the honey begins to run out of those that are not
+sealed up. The honey that so runs out is perfectly pure, and free from wax.
+The cells, however, that are sealed up with wax still retain their honey;
+and the ordinary process to extract it is to place the sieve with the combs
+upon it so near a fire as gradually to melt the wax, so as to let the honey
+escape. During this process, some portion of wax unavoidably gets mixed
+with the honey. Here then we have two kinds of honey: one in a perfectly
+pure state, and wholly _sine cera_; the other in some degree impure, and
+mixed _cum cera_. Can anything be more reasonable than to suppose that the
+former was called _sincerum mel_, just as we call it virgin honey? And this
+accords with Ainsworth's derivation, "ex sine et cera: ut mel purum dicitur
+quod cera non est permixtum." If it be said that there is nothing to show
+that the old Romans adopted the process I have described, I reply it is
+immaterial what process they followed in order to extract what would not
+flow out of itself; as whatever did flow out of itself would be _mel sine
+cera_.
+
+If such were the origin of the term, it is easy to see how appropriately,
+in a secondary sense, it would denote whatever was pure, sweet,
+unadulterated, and ingenuous.
+
+Now if we apply this sense to the line:
+
+ "Sincerum est nisi vas quodcunque infundis acescit,"--
+
+it will mean, "unless the vessel be sweet and pure, it will turn whatever
+you pour into it sour."
+
+This is the interpretation that has always hitherto been put upon the line;
+which is thus translated by Tommaso Gargallo, vol. iii. p. 19. edit. 1820:
+
+ "Se non e puro il vase, ecco gia guasto
+  Che che v' infondi."
+
+And by Francis (vol. iv. p. 27., 6th edit.):--
+
+ "For tainted vessels sour what they contain."
+
+The context shows that this is the correct translation, as _sincerum vas_
+is obviously in opposition to "auriculas _collecta sorde_ dolentes," in the
+preceding line.
+
+The line itself plainly refers to the well-known fact, that if wine or
+other liquor be poured into a foul vessel, it will be polluted by it. Nor
+can I avoid noticing the elegant opposition, according to this
+construction, between the sweetness in _sincerum_, and the acidity in
+_acescit_.
+
+I also think that MR. INGLESBY'S version cannot be correct for the
+following reason. Cracks may exist in every part of a vessel alike; and as
+the part filled by the liquor is always many times greater than the
+remainder of the vessel, cracks would more frequently occur in the former;
+and, as where air can get in the liquor can get out, it {568} is plain that
+in the majority of instances the liquor would run away instead of turning
+sour. Now the line plainly contains a _general_ affirmative proposition
+that all liquor whatsoever will be turned sour, unless the vessel be
+_sincerum_; and therefore that version cannot be right which applies only
+to a few instances.
+
+"Sincerum cupimus vas incrustare" is well rendered by Gargallo (vol. ii. p.
+37.):
+
+ "  .    .    .    .  Insudiciar bramiamo
+  Anco il vase piu puro;"
+
+and by Francis (vol. iii. p. 39.):
+
+ "And joy th' untainted vessel to begrime."
+
+The passage is well explained in the note to Baxter's _Hor._ (p. 310. edit.
+1809):
+
+    "Incrustari vas dicitur cum aliquo vitioso succo illinitur atque
+    inquinatur."
+
+And the passage in the 18th satire of Lucilius shows that this is an
+accurate explanation:
+
+ "  .    .    .    .    .  Regionibus illis
+  Incrustatu' calix ruta caulive bibetur."
+
+A practice, I rather think, prevails in some parts of England of rubbing
+the inside of a vessel with sweet herbs, in order to flavour cyder or other
+liquor.
+
+It appears from the same note:
+
+    "Fracta vasa et gypsare et pelliculare Veteres consuevere. Gypsantur et
+    pelliculantur vasa plena ad aera et sordes excludendas. Sincerum
+    proprie mel sine cera, vel, quod magis huc pertinet, vas non ceratum:
+    nam a ceratura odorem vel saporem trahit."
+
+If these passages show the practice of sealing vessels with wax, they also
+show that the wax was what affected the flavour of the liquor.
+
+MR. JEFFCOCK plainly errs in saying that _simplex_ "does not mean without a
+fold, but once folded." In Latin we have the series _simplex_, _duplex_,
+_triplex_, &c., corresponding precisely to the English _single_, _double_,
+_treble_, &c. And as _single_ denotes a thing without a fold, so does
+_simplex_. MR. JEFFCOCK'S derivation would make _simplex_ and _duplex_ mean
+the same thing. Now _duplex_ does not mean twice folded, but double.
+
+Nor can I think that _singulus_ can be "semel and termination." Ainsworth
+derives it from the Hebrew [Hebrew: SGLH], which denotes whatever is
+peculiar or singular. It occurs to me to suggest whether it may not be
+derived from _sine angulis_. The term denotes unity--one person, one thing.
+Now the Roman mark for one is a straight line, and that is "that which lies
+evenly between its extreme points;" it is emphatically a line without bend,
+angle, or turning--"linea sine angulis:" _angulus_, like its Greek
+original, denoting any bend, whether made by a straight or curved line.
+
+Though I cannot at this moment refer to any other Latin words compounded of
+_sine_, we have in Spanish _simpar_, without equal: _sinigual_,
+_sinjusticia_, _sinrazon_, _sinnumero_, _sinsabor_.
+
+The delight I take in endeavouring to attain the correct meaning of the
+classics will, I hope, form some apology for the length of this Note.
+
+S. G. C.
+
+Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+POETICAL TAVERN SIGNS.
+
+(Vol. viii., p. 242.)
+
+In an old collection of tavern signs of the last century, among many others
+I find the following. On the sign of the "Arrow," at Knockholt, in Kent,--
+
+ "Charles Collins liveth here,
+  Sells rum, brandy, gin, and beer;
+  I made this board a little wider,
+  To let you know I sell good cyder."
+
+On the sign of the "Shoulder of Mutton and Cat," at Hackney, in
+Middlesex,--
+
+ "Pray Puss don't tear,
+  For the mutton is so dear;
+  Pray Puss don't claw,
+  For the mutton yet is raw."
+
+On the sign of the "Gate," at Blean Hill, in Kent,--
+
+ "Stop, brave boys, and _squench_ your thirst,
+  If you won't drink, the horses must."
+
+On the sign of the "Ship in Distress," in Middle Street, Brighton,
+Sussex,--
+
+ "With sorrows I am compass'd round;
+  Pray lend a hand, my ship's aground."
+
+On the sign of the "Waggon and Horses," in Black Lion Street,
+Brighthelmstone,--
+
+ "Long have I travers'd both far and near,
+  On purpose to find out good beer,
+  And at last I found it here."
+
+RUBY.
+
+At a small way-side beer-shop in the parish of Werrington in the county of
+Devon, a few years since there was the following sign:
+
+         "The Lengdon Inn, kept by M. Vuller.
+  Gentlemen walk in and sit at your aise,
+  Pay for what you call for, and call for what you plaise;
+  As tristing of late has been to my sorrow,
+  Pay me to-day and I'll tristee to-morrow."
+
+J. D.
+
+Launceston.
+
+Not far from Kilpeck, Herefordshire, I have seen a wayside public-house,
+exhibiting the sign of the "Oak," under which is the following couplet:
+
+ "I am an oak, and not a yew,
+  So drink a cup with good John Pugh."
+
+{569} As "good John Pugh" sold excellent cider, I did not repent complying
+with the injunction.
+
+W. J. BERNHARD SMITH.
+
+Temple.
+
+This is at a roadside public-house near Maidenhead, known by the sign of
+the "Gate." It is thus:
+
+ "This gate hangs high,
+    It hinders none;
+  Drink hearty, boys,
+    And travel on."
+
+I remember a sign near Marlborough of the "Red Cow," and the landlord,
+being also a milkman, had inscribed under the rude drawing of a cow these
+lines:
+
+ "The Red Cow
+  Gives good milk now."
+
+NEWBURIENSIS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+HOMO UNIUS LIBRI.
+
+(Vol. viii., p. 440.)
+
+I have not verified in the works of St. Thomas this saying ascribed to him,
+but I subjoin a passage from Bishop Taylor, where it is quoted:
+
+    "A river cut into many rivulets divides also its strength, and grows
+    contemptible and apt to be forded by a lamb and drunk up by a summer
+    sun; so is the spirit of man busied in variety, and divided in itself;
+    it abates its fervour, cools into indifferency, and becomes trifling by
+    its dispersion and inadvertency. Aquinas was once asked, with what
+    compendium a man might best become learned? He answered, _By reading of
+    one book_; meaning that an understanding entertained with several
+    objects is intent upon neither, and profits not." --_Life of Christ_,
+    part ii. s. xii. 16.
+
+He also quotes Ecclus (xi. 10.), St. Gregory, St. Bernard, Seneca,
+Quintillian, and Juvenal to the same purpose.
+
+Southey quotes part of this passage from Bishop Taylor (in the _Doctor_)
+and adds:
+
+    "Lord Holland's poet, the prolific Lope de Vega, tells us to the same
+    purport. The _Homo Unius Libri_ is indeed proverbially formidable to
+    all conversational figurantes: like your sharpshooter, he knows his
+    piece, and is sure of his shot."
+
+The truth of this dictum of St. Thomas cannot be too much insisted on in
+this age of many books, which affords such incentives to literary
+dissipation and consequent shallowness.
+
+    "An intellectual man, as the world now conceives of him, is one who is
+    full of 'views,' on all subjects of philosophy, on all matters of the
+    day. It is almost thought a disgrace not to have a view at a moment's
+    notice on any question from the Personal Advent to the Cholera or
+    Mesmerism. This is owing in a great measure to the necessities of
+    periodical literature, now so much in request. Every quarter of a year,
+    every month every day, there must be a supply for the gratification of
+    the public, of new and luminous theories on the subjects of religion,
+    foreign politics, home politics, civil economy, finance, trade,
+    agriculture, emigration, and the colonies. Slavery, the gold fields,
+    German philosophy, the French empire, Wellington, Peel, Ireland, must
+    all be practised on, day after day, by what are called original
+    thinkers."--_Dr. Newman's Disc. on Univ. Educ._, p. xxv. (preface).
+
+This writer follows up the subject very ably, and his remarks on that
+spurious philosophism which shows itself in what, for want of a better
+word, he calls "viewiness," are worth the attention of all _homines unius
+libri_.
+
+P.S.--As I think of it, I shall make a cognate Query. Some facetious
+opponent of the schoolmen fathered on St. Thomas Aquinas an imaginary work
+in sundry folio volumes entitled _De Omnibus Rebus_, adding an equally
+bulky and imaginary supplement--_Et Quibusdam Aliis_. This is as often used
+to feather a piece of unfledged wit, as the speculation concerning the
+number of angels that could dance on the point of a needle, and yet I have
+never been able to trace out the inventor of these visionary tomes.
+
+EIRIONNACH.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+THE FORLORN HOPE.
+
+(Vol. viii., p. 411.)
+
+My attention was directed to the consideration of this expression some
+years ago when reading in John Dymmoks' _Treatise of Ireland_, written
+about the year 1600, and published among the _Tracts relating to Ireland,
+printed for the Irish Archaeological Society_, vol. ii., the following
+paragraph:
+
+    "Before the vant-guard marched the _forelorn hope_, consisting of forty
+    shott and twenty shorte weapons, with order that they should not
+    discharge untill they presented theire pieces to the rebells' breasts
+    in their trenches, and that sooddenly the short weapons should enter
+    the trenches pell mell: vpon eyther syde of the vant-guarde (which was
+    observed in the batle and reare-guarde) marched wings of shott
+    enterlyned with pikes, to which were sent secondes with as much care
+    and diligence as occasion required. The baggage, and a parte of the
+    horse, marched before the battell; the rest of the horse troopes fell
+    in before the _rearewarde_ except thirty, which, in the head of the
+    _rearelorne hope_, conducted by Sir Hen. Danvers, made the retreit of
+    the whole army."--P.32.
+
+The terms _rearelorne hope_ and _forlorne hope_ occur constantly in the
+same work, and bear the same signification as in the foregoing.
+
+Remarking upon this circumstance to my friend the late Dr. Graves, he wrote
+the following notice of the word in the _Dublin Quarterly Journal of
+Medical Science_, of which I was then the editor, in Feb. 1849:
+
+    "Military and civil writers of the present day seem quite ignorant of
+    the true meaning of the words {570} _forlorn hope_. The adjective has
+    nothing to do with despair, nor the substantive with the 'charmer which
+    lingers still behind;' there was no such poetical depth in the words as
+    originally used. Every corps marching in any enemy's country had a
+    small body of men at the head (_haupt_ or _hope_) of the advanced
+    guard; and which was termed the _forlorne hope_ (_lorn_ being here but
+    a termination similar to _ward_ in _forward_), while another small body
+    at the head of the rere guard was called the _rear-lorn hope_ (xx.). A
+    reference to Johnson's _Dictionary_ proves that civilians were misled
+    as early as the time of Dryden by the mere sound of a technical
+    military phrase; and, in process of time, even military men forgot the
+    true meaning of the words. It grieves me to sap the foundations of an
+    error to which we are indebted for Byron's beautiful line:
+
+ 'The full of hope, misnamed _forlorn_.'"
+
+W. R. WILDE.
+
+Dublin.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+TIECK'S "COMOEDIA DIVINA."
+
+(Vol. viii., p. 126.)
+
+The title-page of this work is: _Comoedia Divina, mit drei Vorreden von
+Peter Hammer, Jean Paul, und dem Herausgeber_, 1808. The absence of
+publisher's name and place of publication leaves little doubt that the name
+W. G. H. Gotthardt, and the date "Basel, Mai 1, 1808," are both fictitious.
+
+But for finding the passage cited by M. M. E. at p. 38., I should have
+supposed that the Munich critic had referred to some other book with the
+same title. No one who has read this can suppose it was written by Tieck.
+The Catholic-romantic school, of which he was the most distinguished
+member, furnishes the chief objects of the author's ridicule. Novalis,
+Goerres, and F. Schlegel are the most prominent; but at p. 128. is an
+absurd sonnet "an Tieck."
+
+The _Comoedia Divina_ is a very clever and somewhat profane satire, such as
+Voltaire might have written had he been a German of the nineteenth century.
+It opens with Jupiter complaining to Mercury of ennui (_eine langweilige
+Existenz_), and that he is not what he was when young. Mercury advises a
+trip to Leipzig fair, where he may get good medical advice for his gout,
+and certainly will see something new. They go, and hear various dealers
+sing the catalogues of their goods. The lines quoted by M. M. E. are sung
+by a young man with a puppet-show and barrel-organ to the burden:
+
+ "Orgelum Orgelei,
+  Dudeldum Dudeldei."
+
+He exhibits things taken from the physics of Oken, the metaphysics of
+Schelling, and the aesthetics of Goerres. The whole of the song is good;
+and I quote one stanza as showing a sound appreciation of the current
+metaphysicians:
+
+ "Die Intelligenz construirt sich in der Zeit
+  Als Object, und erkennt sich, und das ist gescheidt,
+  Denn aus diesen und andern Constructuren
+  Entstehen Lehrbuecher und Professuren."
+
+They visit the garret of Herr Novalis Octavianus Hornwunder, a maker of
+books to order upon every subject: they learn the mysteries of the
+manufacture. The scene is clever, but much of the wit is unappreciable as
+directed against productions which have not survived. Jupiter, in
+compassion to Hornwunder, changes him to a goose, immediately after which a
+bookseller enters, and, mistaking the gods for authors, makes them an offer
+of six dollars and twelve groschen the octavo volume, besides something for
+the kitchen. Jupiter, enraged, changes him to a fox, which forthwith eats
+the goose "feathers and all."
+
+They then go to see the play of the Fall of Man (_Der Suendenfall_). The
+subject is treated after the manner of Hans Sachs, but with this
+difference, that the simple-minded old Nuremberger saw nothing incongruous
+in making Cain and Abel say their catechism, and Cain go away from the
+examination to fight with the low boys in the street; whereas the author of
+_Der Suendenfall_ is advisedly irreverent. Another proof, if one were
+wanted, that he was not Tieck.
+
+_Die Ungoettliche Comoedie_ is not by Batornicki, but translated by him
+from the Polish. In the preface he apologises for inelegant German, as that
+is not his native language; and I presume he is a Pole, as he says the
+author's name is known among us (_unter uns_). As he calls it a poem
+(_Dichtung_) the original is probably in verse. I think the Munich critic
+could have seen only some extracts from the _Comoedia Divina_; for, so far
+from Batornicki "plundering freely," I do not find any resemblance between
+the works except in the sole word _comoedia_. The _Comoedia Divina_ is a
+mockery, not political, but literary, and as such anti-mystic and
+conservative. _Die Ungoettliche Comoedie_ is wild, mystical, supernatural,
+republican, and communistic. It contains passages of great power,
+eloquence, and pathos. German critics are often prosy and inefficient, but
+not given to wilful misrepresentation or carelessness in examining the
+books they review. The writer in the Munich journal must be held an
+exception.
+
+H. B. C.
+
+U. U. Club.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+{571}
+
+LIVERIES WORN BY GENTLEMEN.
+
+(Vol. vi., p. 146.; Vol. viii., p. 473.)
+
+The prevalence of the custom of the liveries of noble and other persons
+being worn by others than the retainers of the family, in the reigns of
+Henry VI. and Elizabeth, is exemplified by two documents preserved amongst
+the MSS. of the corporation of this borough. The first, which is also
+curious as a specimen of the language of the period, is an award under the
+seal of Margaret of Anjou; under whom, as they had previously done under
+Katherine, queen of Henry V., the corporation farmed the bailiwick of the
+town:
+
+    "Margaret, by the grace of God, Quene of England and of Ffraunce and
+    Lady of Irland, Doughter of the Kyng of Sicile and Jer[=l][=m]. Be it
+    knawen to all men to whom this p'sent writyng (endented) shall come,
+    that whereas a certeyn Co[=m]ission of my fuldoutfull Lord was directed
+    to c'teyn [p=]sones to enquere as well of yevyng of lyu'e, as of other
+    diu's articles ... before the Co[=m]issioners of the seyd Co[=m]ission
+    it was p'sented by William Neuby and other of our te[=n][=n]tz of
+    Leycestre ... that c'teyn [p=]sones, in Leycestre, had taken clothyng
+    of diu'rez p'sones, ayenst the forme of the statut; that ys to wete,
+    that some of hem had taken clothyng of the Viscount Beaumont, and some
+    of S^r Edward Grey, Lord Fferrers of Growby, and some of hem had taken
+    clothyng of other diu'res [p=]sones, by cause of which p'sentement
+    diu'res [p=]sones, some of the houshold of the seyd Lord Fferrers, and
+    some of the clothing of the said Lord, with other wele wilners to the
+    said Lord, as yet not to us knawen, by supportacon and favour, and for
+    pleasance to the said Lord, as we ben enfo'med ... betyn and sore
+    woundetyn the said William Neuby, and manesten to bete other of our
+    te[=n][=n]tz of Leycestre." ... She doth therefore "ordeyn, deme, and
+    awarde" that the said Lord Ferrers pay c. marks to William Neuby, that
+    he "be goode lorde to the said William Neuby; and to all other
+    te[=n][=n]tz in our lordship of Leycestre; and that the said lord shall
+    not geve any clothyng or liue'y to any [p=]sone dwellyng within our
+    said lordship," &c.... "Yeven the xx day of May, the yere of the reign
+    of my most douted Lord Kyng Henr' the Sext, xxvii."
+
+The above extracts show one of the evils to which the practice led;
+another, mentioned in the deed, was that of deerstealing. William Newby was
+mayor of the town in 1425, 1433, and 1444-5.
+
+The second document is a curious letter from the mayor and some members of
+the corporation to George Earl of Huntington, lord-lieutenant of the
+county, and a frequent resident in the town, where a part of his mansion,
+called "Lord's Place," and in which James I. was entertained, still exists.
+The draft of this letter forms part of an interesting series of
+correspondence between the corporation and the earl, respecting the
+nomination of the parliamentary representatives of the town in 1601.
+
+The earl recommended that Mr. (afterwards Sir) William Herrick and Mr.
+Bromley should be chosen, and in strong language warned them against
+electing Mr. George Belgrave of Belgrave (who had greatly offended him), as
+he hears "that Belgrave still contineweth his great practising in labouring
+to be chosen;" and he adds, "Goode Mr. Mayor, be carefull of this, as you
+and the rest will looke to make accompt of me."
+
+It appears that many members of the corporation were secretly favourable to
+Mr. Belgrave, and he was elected, as explained in the following letter:
+
+    "Right Ho^e, oure humble dewties remeberd, &c., may yt please yo^r good
+    Lpp. to be c'tified, that upon Tuesday morninge laste, being assembled
+    for the choice of o^r Burgesses, Mr. George Belgrave p'sented himselfe
+    amongest us, in a blewe coat w^{th} a bull head, affirminge and
+    protestinge he was yo^r L[=p]'s s'[=v]t, and that S^r Henrie
+    Harrington, verye late the night before, had obteyned that favour of
+    yo^r ho^r in his behalfe; and muche bemoned his former undewtifull
+    cariage towards yo^r L[=p], w^{th} a remorsive remembrance of many most
+    ho. favours receaved from yo^r L[=p] and yo^r house, towards his
+    auncestors, him, and his; and, recommendinge his former suite to be one
+    of oure Burgesses, being demanded whether he had any letter from yo^r
+    L[=p], answered, that this (poyntinge at his coat and cognizance) he
+    hoped was a sufficient testimonie of y^r L[=p]'s favour towards him,
+    and of his submission towards yo^r ho^r; and further, that it was so
+    late before S^r Henrie cold [p=]cure yo^r L[=p]'s said favour, as that
+    you cold not well write, and, for the truth of the [p=]mises, he
+    offered his corporal oathe. Whereupon we, thinkinge all this to be
+    true, made choyce of him, w^{th} Mr. Will[=m] Herricke, to be o^r
+    Burgesses. And now, this evening, wee are credibly certified that y^r
+    L[=p] hath geven him no suche entertaynem^t; and thus by his said lewde
+    and most dishonest dealinge, being much abused, we thought it o^r
+    dewties forthew^{th} to signifie the same unto yo^r L[=p], humbly
+    cravinge yo^r L[=p]'s most ho^rable favor for some reformacon of this
+    vile practize. And thus, w^{th} remembrance of oure dewties, wee humbly
+    take o^r leaves. From Leic^r, this xx^{th} day of October, 1601.
+
+ "Youre honor's most humble to co[=m]aunde,
+      Signed by     "Will[=m] ROWES, Maior,
+                  ROBERT HEYRICKE,"
+                    And ten others.
+
+An angry and characteristic reply from the earl follows, but with which, as
+it is printed in Thompson's _History of Leicester_ (p. 318.), I will not
+trespass upon your valuable space. It may be sufficient to say, that he
+tells the mayor that--
+
+    "Notwithstanding this treacherous devise of that cunninge practisore, I
+    feare it will appeare, upon due scanninge of this accydent, y^t there
+    remaynes a false brother amongst you.... And as for y^e p'sone hymself
+    whoe hathe thus shameleslye sought to dishonoure me and deceave you, I
+    will, by the grace of God, take suche order as in honor and lawfullye I
+    maye, bothe {572} for y^e better unfouldinge of this, as also for suche
+    punnyshm^t as the law will inflict."
+
+In pursuance of this determination, the earl exhibited an information
+against Mr. Belgrave in the Star Chamber. The subsequent proceedings which
+took place on the subject in parliament will be found noticed in D'Ewes's
+_Journal_, and quoted in Thompson's _History of Leicester_, pp. 319-323.
+
+WILLIAM KELLY.
+
+Leicester.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE.
+
+_Queries on Dr. Diamond's Calotype Process._--Would you kindly ask DR.
+DIAMOND, to whom I should imagine all of us are more or less indebted, the
+following questions respecting the very valuable paper on the calotype in
+the last _Photographic Journal_?
+
+1. As to the white spots which make their appearance in developing, on
+Turner's paper especially, and which he says are owing to minute pieces of
+metal in the paper, what is the best way of hiding them in the negative, so
+that they may as little as possible injure the positive? I have suffered
+sadly from this cause; and have tried to stop them with ammonio-nitrate,
+which turns after a time to red, and stops the light effectually; but I
+should prefer some black colouring the strength of which one could measure
+by seeing its immediate effect.
+
+2. And again, when one has black spots, what is the best means of lessening
+their intensity, if not of wholly removing them?
+
+[Greek: Photographos.]
+
+    [Where light spots occur in a negative, DR. DIAMOND recommends, as the
+    most effectual mode of stopping them, a little gamboge neatly applied
+    with a camel-hair pencil. Where a great intensity is desired, Indian
+    ink may be applied in the same manner, taking care in both cases to
+    smooth off the edges with a dry brush. The cyanide of potassium applied
+    in the same way, but _with very great care_, will remove the black
+    spots. Before it appears to have quite accomplished its object, a
+    negative should be immersed in water, as its action is so energetic.]
+
+_Albumenized Paper._--I have followed DR. DIAMOND'S directions for
+albumenizing paper (thin Canson negative) as accurately as I can, but I
+cannot prevent the albumen in drying, when pinned up, from forming into
+waves or streaks. This will be best understood from a specimen of a sheet
+which I inclose, and I shall be much obliged if you can tell me how this
+can be avoided. Some albumenized paper which I have purchased is quite free
+from this defect, but being at a distance from London, it is both
+convenient and economical to prepare my own paper.
+
+C. E. F.
+
+    [We would recommend our correspondent to remove his paper from the
+    albumen still more slowly; and to take care not to draw it along, but
+    so to lift it that the last corner is not moved until it is raised from
+    the albumen. In pinning up be careful that the paper takes the inward
+    curl, otherwise the appearances exhibited will be almost sure to take
+    place. As the albumenizing liquid is of very trifling cost, we
+    recommend the use of two dishes, as by that means a great economy of
+    time is obtained.]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Replies to Minor Queries.
+
+_Marcarnes_ (Vol. viii., p. 365.).--Can this curiously sounding name be an
+archaic form of Mackarness, a name, I think, still borne by living persons?
+
+FRANCIS JOHN SCOTT.
+
+Tewkesbury.
+
+_X on Brewers' Casks_ (Vol. viii., p. 439.).--Your correspondent B. H. C.,
+though ingenious, is in error. The X on brewers' casks originated in the
+fact, that beer above a certain strength paid 10_s_. duty; and the X became
+a mark to denote beer of that better quality. The doubling and tripling of
+the X are nothing but inventions of the brewers to humbug the public.
+
+[Hebrew: B]. [Hebrew: D].
+
+_No Sparrows at Lindham_ (Vol. vii., p. 233.).--Amongst the various
+responses in connexion with the Queries given on the page above noted,
+communicated direct, the only one which I have thought worthy of insertion
+in my MSS. is as follows:
+
+    "As for there being no sparrows at Lindham, it may be accounted for in
+    the following legend:--A few years ago I was in that district when I
+    heard some account of a person called 'Tom of Lindham;' who, by the
+    way, was a curious personage, and performed some very extraordinary and
+    out-of-the-way feats. At one time he was left at home to protect the
+    corn from the _sparrows_; when, _to save trouble_, he got all of them
+    into the barn, and put a _harrow_ into the window to keep them in; and
+    so _starved_ (_i. e._ hungered) them to death."
+
+Furthermore Mr. Whittaker kindly communicated of the above Yorkshire
+worthy:
+
+    "At the close of Tom's life he took it into his head to make a road
+    across a part of Hatfield Chase to his own dwelling; when, according to
+    the legend, he employed supernatural aid: with this clause in the
+    contract, that he, Tom, should not inquire any particulars as to the
+    character of his assistants or helpmates. One day, however, being more
+    curious than prudent, he looked behind him; his workmen immediately
+    disappeared, and Tom of Lindham was no more heard of. His road still
+    remains in the state he left it."
+
+M. AISLABIE DENHAM.
+
+Piersebridge, near Darlington, Durham.
+
+_Theobald le Botiller_ (Vol. viii., p. 366.).--Theobald le Botiller was an
+infant at his father's death, 1206. He had livery in 1222; and in 9 Hen.
+III., {573} 1225, married Rohesia or Rose de Verdun, not _Vernon_. She was
+so great an heiress that she retained her own name, and her posterity also
+bore it. She founded the Abbey of Grace Dieu, Leicestershire, in 1239; and
+died 1247-8. Her husband died in 1230, leaving two sons: John de Verdun,
+who inherited, and Nicholas, who died in Ireland without issue; and one
+daughter Maud, who married John FitzAlan, Earl of Arundel.
+
+WALTER DEVEREUX.
+
+Hampton Court Palace.
+
+_Vault at Richmond, Yorkshire_ (Vol. viii., p. 388.).--Touching the
+"vault," or underground passage, "that goeth under the river" of Swale,
+from the Castle of Richmond to the priory of St. Martin, every tradition,
+_i. e._ as to its whereabouts, is, I believe, now wholly lost.
+
+Your Querist, however, who seems to feel an interest in that beautiful and
+romantic portion of the _north countrie_, will perhaps welcome the
+following mythe, which is connected, it is possible, with the identical
+_vault_ which is depictured by Speed in his _Plan of Richmond_. It was
+taken down from the lips of a great-grand-dame by one of her descendants,
+_both of whom are still living_, for the gratification of your present
+correspondent, who, like Luther,
+
+    "Would not for any quantity of gold part with the wonderful tales which
+    he has retained from his earliest childhood, or met with in his
+    progress through life."
+
+But to my legend:
+
+Once upon a time a man, walking round Richmond Castle, was accosted by
+another, who took him into a _vennel_, or underground passage, below the
+castle; where he beheld a vast multitude of people lying as if they were
+sleeping. A _horn_ and a _sword_ were presented to him: the horn to blow,
+and the sword to draw; in order, as said his guide, to release them from
+their slumbers. And when he had drawn the sword half out, the sleepers
+began to move; which frightened him so much, that he put it back into the
+sheath: when instantly a voice exclaimed,
+
+         "Potter! _Potter Thompson!_
+          If thou had either drawn
+          The _sword_, or blown the _horn_,
+  Thou had been the luckiest man that ever was born."
+
+So ends the Legend of the Richmond Sleepers and Potter Thompson; which,
+mayhap, is scarcely worth preserving, were it not that it has preserved and
+handed down the characteristic, or rather trade, cognomen and surname of
+its timorous at least, if not cowardly, hero.
+
+M. AISLABIE DENHAM.
+
+Piersebridge, near Darlington, Durham.
+
+_Lord Audley's Attendants at Poictiers_ (Vol. viii., p. 494.).--A notice of
+the arguments in opposition to the statement, rested mainly on the grant of
+arms by John Touchet, Lord Audley, to the descendant of Sir James de
+Mackworth, in consideration of his having been one of these esquires,
+occurs in Blore's _Rutland_, p. 130. and p. 224. And it appears to be
+satisfactorily shown by the grant itself, that it was not made on account
+of the services of Sir James.
+
+J. P. Jun.
+
+_Portraits at Brickwall House_ (Vol. vii., p. 406.).--Immerzeel says, in
+his _Levens der Kunstschilders_ (_Lives of the Painters_), vol. iii. pp.
+238, 239.:
+
+    "Thomas van der Wilt, born at Piershil in the district of Putten, was a
+    disciple of Verkolje at Delft, where he also settled. He painted
+    portraits, domestic scenes, &c., which were not free from stiffness. He
+    also engraved in mezzotinto after Brouwer, Schalken, and others. His
+    drawings were engraved by his son William, who died young."
+
+He was living in 1701, and was probably grandson of a person of the same
+name who resided in 1622 at Soetermeer near Leyden, for in the register of
+the villages of Rhynland are found:
+
+    "Jan Thomas van der Wilt and Maritgen Pietersdr, his wife, with Thomas,
+    Maritgen, Pieter, Cornelis, Grietge, Jannetge, and Ingethen, their
+    children."
+
+The portrait painted by Terburgh probably represents Andries de Graeff,
+who, in 1672, is called by Wagenaar, in his _Vaderlandsche Hist._ of that
+year (p. 82.), late burgomaster of Amsterdam. It is then necessary to
+ascertain whether this late burgomaster died in 1674. The family de Graeff
+also resided at Delft, where several of its members became magistrates.
+
+ELSEVIR.
+
+The portrait of the old gentleman is, in my opinion, doubtless that of
+Andries de Graeff, who was elected burgomaster of Amsterdam in 1660, and
+filled the office several times afterwards, although after the year 1670
+his name no more appears on the list of burgomasters, which can very well
+agree with the date of death (1674) on the portrait.--From the
+_Navorscher_.
+
+A. J. VAN DER AA.
+
+Gorinchem.
+
+_The Words "Mob" and "Cash"_ (Vol. viii., pp. 386. 524.).--CLERICUS
+RUSTICUS will find the origin and first introduction of the word _mob_
+fully stated in Trench's _Lectures on the Study of Words_ (p. 124. fourth
+ed.). In addition to the quotations there made, CLERICUS RUSTICUS may refer
+to Dryden's preface to _Cleomenes_ (1692), to the 230th number of _The
+Tatler_, written by Swift (an. 1710), and to the Dean's _Introduction to
+Polite Conversation_.
+
+_Cash._--What Lord Holland may have meant by a legitimate English word it
+is hard to say. Dr. Johnson derives it from the Fr. _caisse_ (or _casse_),
+which Cotgrave interprets "a box, a _case_, {574} or chest; also, a
+merchant's _cash_ or counter." Todd confirms the correctness of Johnson's
+etymology by a usage in Winwood's _Memorials_; where the Countess of
+Shrewsbury is said to have 20,000l. in her _cash_. And Richardson farther
+confirms it by a quotation from Sir W. Temple; and one from Sherwood, who
+explains _cashier_, "Qui garde le _casse_ de l'argent de merchand;" and a
+merchant's _cash_, "_casse_ de merchand."
+
+Q.
+
+Bloomsbury.
+
+_English Clergyman in Spain_ (Vol. viii., p. 410.).--The clergyman was
+perhaps attached to the army of England in Spain, in the capacity of
+chaplain. I recommend a search for the record of his licence, which will
+very probably recite his appointment; and this record is most likely to be
+found with the proper officer of the diocese of London, in Doctors'
+Commons. I have seen one extraordinary discovery of information of the kind
+now sought by D. Y., in this quarter; and D. Y. will probably be so kind as
+to note his success in "N. & Q.," if he obtains his information here or
+elsewhere.
+
+E.
+
+_The Cid_ (Vol. viii., p. 367.).--I find in the catalogue of my library,
+the greatest part of which was destroyed by fire in 1849, amongst other
+books relating to _The Cid_, the following:
+
+    "Romancero, e Historia del muy valeroso Cavallero el Cid Ruy Diaz de
+    Bivar, en lenguaje antiguo, recopilado por Juan de Escobar. En esta
+    ultima impression van anadidos muchos romances, que hasta aora no han
+    sido impressos, ni divulgados, 12mo. con licencia. En Pamplona, por
+    Martin de Zavala, ano 1706."
+
+    "Romancero e Historia del mui valeroso Cabellero el Cid Rui-diaz de
+    Vibar, en lenguage antiguo, recopilado por Juan de Escobar, neuva
+    edicion, reformada sobre las antiguas, anadida e illustrada con varias
+    notas y composiciones del mismo tiempo y asunto para su mas facil
+    intelligencia, y adornada con un epitome de la Historia verdadera del
+    Cid. Por D. Vicente Goncales del Reguero. 12mo. con licencia, Madrid,
+    Imprenta de Cano, 1818."
+
+In Thorpe's _Catalogue_, 1841, No. 1355, is an edition, 12mo., Segovia,
+1629.
+
+JOHN ADAMSON.
+
+_Exterior Stoups_ (Vol. v., p. 560.; Vol. vi., pp. 18. 86. 160. 345. 497.
+591., &c.).--Having introduced this subject to "N. & Q.," you will perhaps
+allow me to return to it, by adding to the list of churches where exterior
+stoups may be seen, the names of Leigh and Shrawley, Worcestershire. A
+recent visit to these places made me aware of the existence of the stoups.
+That at Leigh is in a shattered condition, and is on the south side of the
+western doorway: it is now covered in by a porch of later date. That at
+Shrawley is on the eastern side of the south door, and is hollowed out
+within the top of a short column. Shrawley Church possesses many points of
+interest for the antiquary: among which may be mentioned, a Norman window
+pierced through one of the buttresses of the chancel. Among the noticeable
+things at Leigh Church is a rude sculpture of the Saviour placed exteriorly
+over the north door of the nave, in a recess, with semicircular heading and
+Norman pillars. The rector is gradually restoring this fine church.
+
+CUTHBERT BEDE, B.A.
+
+_Green Jugs used by the Templars_ (Vol. viii., p. 171.)--In clearing out
+the ground for the foundation of Raymond Buildings in Gray's Inn, about
+thirty years since, two earthen green jugs were dug up, which are preserved
+by the benchers as a memento of "the olden times."
+
+They will hold very little more than half a pint of liquor, are tall and of
+good proportions, but so small at the top as almost to preclude their being
+used to drink out of, and having a lip it is surmised that they held the
+portion assigned to each student, who was also supplied with a drinking
+horn.
+
+I have seen a jug of the same description in the possession of a gentleman
+in Lincoln's Inn, which he informed me was brought to light in excavating
+for the new hall. It is therefore probable that all the inns of court were
+accustomed to provide jugs of the same description.
+
+F. WHITMARSH.
+
+_"Peccavi," I have Scinde_ (Vol. viii, p. 490.).--Your correspondent MR. G.
+LLOYD, who says he does "not know on what authority" it is stated that "the
+old and lamented warrior, Sir Charles Napier, wrote on the conquest of
+Scinde, _Peccavi_!" is informed that the sole author of the despatch was
+_Mr. Punch_.
+
+CUTHBERT BEDE, B.A.
+
+In a note touching these well-known words, MR. G. LLOYD says, "It is also
+stated, I do not know on what authority, that the old and lamented warrior,
+Sir Charles Napier, wrote on the conquest of Scinde, _Peccavi_!" The author
+of _Democritus in London, with the Mad Pranks and Comical Conceits of
+Motley and Robin Good-Fellow_, thus alludes to this saying in that work. I
+presume he had good authority for so doing:
+
+  _Sir P_.   "What exclaim'd the gallant Napier,
+          Proudly flourishing his rapier!
+          To the army and the navy,
+          When he conquer'd Scinde?   '_Peccavi!_'"
+
+A SUBSCRIBER.
+
+_Raffaelle's Sposalizio_ (Vol. vii., p. 595.; Vol. viii., p. 61.).--The
+reason why the ring is placed on {575} the third finger of the right hand
+of the Blessed Virgin in Raffaelle's "Sposalizio" at Milan, and in
+Ghirlandais's frescoe of the same subject in the Santa Croce at Florence,
+is to be found in the fact that the right hand has always been considered
+the hand of power or dignity, and the left hand of inferiority or
+subjection. A married woman always wears her ring on the third finger of
+the left hand to signify her subjection to her husband. But it has been
+customary among artists to represent the Blessed Virgin with the ring on
+the right hand, to signify her superiority to St. Joseph from her
+surpassing dignity of Mother of God. Still she is not always represented
+so, for in Beato Angelico's painting of the marriage of Mary and Joseph she
+receives the ring on her left hand. See woodcut in Mrs. Jameson's _Legends
+of Madonna_, p. 170. In the Marriage of the Blessed Virgin by Vanloo, in
+the Louvre, she also receives the ring on the left hand. Giotto, Taddeo
+Gaddi, Perugino, &c., have painted the "Sposalizio," but I have not copies
+by me to refer to.
+
+CEYREP.
+
+_Early Use of Tin._--_Derivation of the Name of Britain_ (Vol. viii., pp.
+290. 344. 445.).--Your correspondent G. W. having been unable to inform DR.
+HINCKS who first suggested the derivation of _Britannia_ from _Baratanac_
+or _Bratanac_, I have the pleasure to satisfy him on this point by
+referring him to Bochart's _Geographia Sacra_, lib. I. c. xxxix. In that
+great storehouse of historical information, the Memoirs of the Academy of
+Inscriptions and Belles-Lettres, there are some profound researches by
+Melot and others, in which may be found answers to all the Queries proposed
+by G. W.
+
+The islands, rivers, mountains, cities, and remarkable places of Phoenician
+colonies, had even in the time of the habitation of the Greeks and Romans
+Phoenician names, which, according to the spirit of the ancient languages
+of the East, indicated clearly the properties of the places which bore
+those names. See instances in Bochart, _ubi supra_; Sammes's _Britannia
+Antiqua Illustrata, or the Antiquities of Ancient Britain derived from the
+Phoenicians_; and D'Hancarville's Preface to Hamilton's _Etruscan, &c.
+Antiquities_.
+
+BIBLIOTHECAR. CHETHAM.
+
+_Unpublished Epigram by Sir Walter Scott_ (Vol. vii., pp. 498. 576.).--The
+following extract is from the _Gentleman's Magazine_, March, 1824, p. 194.:
+
+    "Mr. J. Lawrence of Somers Town observes: 'In the summer of the year
+    1770 I was on a visit at Beaumont Hall on the coast of Essex, a few
+    miles distant from Harwich. It was then the residence of Mr. Canham....
+    I was invited to ascend the attics in order to read some lines,
+    imprinted by a cowboy of precocious intellect. I found these in
+    handsome, neatly executed letters, printed and burnished with
+    leaf-gold, on the wall of his sleeping-room. They were really golden
+    verses, and may well be styled Pythagorean from their point, to wit:
+
+ 'Earth goes upon the earth, glittering like gold;
+  Earth goes to the earth sooner than 'twould;
+  Earth built upon the earth castles and towers;
+  Earth said to the Earth, All shall be ours.'
+
+    The curiosity of these lines so forcibly impressed them on my memory,
+    that time has not been able to efface a tittle of them. _But from what
+    source did the boy obtain them?_"
+
+Permit me to repeat this Query?
+
+J. R. M., M.A.
+
+_Derivation of the Word "Humbug"_ (Vol. viii. _passim_).--Not being
+satisfied with any of the derivations of this word hitherto proposed in
+your pages, I beg to suggest that perhaps it may be traced to a famous
+dancing master who flourished about the time when the word first came into
+use. The following advertisement appeared in the _Dublin Freeman's Journal_
+in Jan. 1777:
+
+    "_To the Nobility._
+
+    "As Monsieur Humbog does not intend for the future teaching abroad
+    after 4 o'clock, he, at the request of his scholars, has opened an
+    academy for young ladies of fashion to practise minuets and cotillions.
+    He had his first assembly on Friday last, and intends continuing them
+    every Friday during the winter. He does not admit any gentlemen, and
+    his number of ladies is limited to 32; and as Mrs. Humbog is very
+    conversant in the business of the Toilet Table, the ladies may depend
+    on being properly accommodated. Mr. Humbog having been solicited by
+    several gentlemen, he intends likewise to open an academy for them, and
+    begs that those who chuse to become subscribers will be so good as to
+    send him their addresses, that he may have the honour of waiting upon
+    them to inform them of his terms and days. Mr. Humbog has an afternoon
+    school three times a week for little ladies and gentlemen not exceeding
+    14 years of age. Terms of his school are one guinea per month and one
+    guinea entrance. Any ladies who are desirous of knowing the terms of
+    his academy may be informed by appointing Mr. Humbog to wait upon them,
+    which he will do on the shortest notice. Capel St. 21 Jan. 1777."
+
+OMICRON.
+
+_Bees_ (Vol. viii., p. 440.).--In the midland counties the first migration
+of the season is _a swarm_, the second _a cast_, and the third _a spindle_.
+
+ERICA.
+
+_Topsy Turvy_ (Vol. viii., p. 385.).--I have always understood this to be a
+corruption of "Topside t'other way," and I still think so.
+
+WM. HAZEL.
+
+_Parish Clerks and Politics_ (Vol. viii., p. 56.).--In the excitement
+prevalent at the trial of Queen Caroline, I remember a choir, in a village
+not a hundred miles from Wallingford, Berks, singing {576} with great gusto
+the 1st, 4th, 11th, and 12th verses of 35th Psalm in Tate and Brady's New
+Version.
+
+WM. HAZEL.
+
+_Phantom Bells--"The Death Bell"_ (Vol. vii. passim).--I have never met, in
+any work on folk-lore and popular superstitions, any mention of that
+unearthly bell, whose sound is borne on the death-wind, and heralds his
+doom to the hearer. Mickle alludes to it in his fine ballad of "Cumnor
+Halle:"
+
+ "The _death-belle_ thrice was heard to ring,
+    An aerial voice was heard to calle,
+  And thrice the raven flapp'd its wing,
+    Arounde the towers of Cumnor Halle."
+
+And Rogers, in his lines "To an Old Oak:"
+
+ "There once the steel-clad knight reclined,
+    His sable plumage tempest-tossed:
+  And as the _death-bell_ smote the wind,
+  From towers long fled by human kind,
+    His brow the hero crossed."
+
+When ships go down at sea during a terrible tempest, it is said the
+"death-bell" is often distinctly heard amid the storm-wind. And in tales of
+what is called Gothic superstition, it assists in the terrors of the
+supernatural.
+
+Sir W. Scott perhaps alluded to the superstition in the lines:
+
+ "And the kelpie _rang_,
+  And the sea-maid sang
+    The dirge of lovely Rosabelle."
+
+EIRIONNACH.
+
+_Porter Family_ (Vol. viii., p. 364.).--Full particulars of the existing
+branch of this ancient family can be afforded by the Rev. Malcom Macdonald
+of South End, Essex, chaplain to Lady Tamar Sharpe, the aunt and guardian
+of the representatives of Sir R. K. Porter.
+
+M. H. J.
+
+Thavies Inn.
+
+_The Mitred Abbot in Wroughton Church, Wilts_ (Vol. viii., p. 411.).--The
+figure was painted in fresco, not on a pillar, but on the spandril-space
+between two arches. The vestments, as far as I can make out, are an alb, a
+tunicle and a cope, and mitre. The hands do not appear to hold anything,
+and I see nothing to show it to represent a mitred abbot rather than a
+bishop. The colours of the cope and tunicle were red and green, the
+exterior of the cope and the tunicle being of one colour, the interior of
+the cope of the other. The figure was the only perfect one when I visited
+the church, and the rain was washing it out even as I sketched; but there
+had been one between every two arches, and there were traces of colour
+throughout the aisle, and the designs appeared to me unusually elegant. I
+believe my slight sketch to be all that now remains; and shall be glad to
+send a copy of it to your correspondent if he wishes for it, and will
+signify how I may convey it to him.
+
+_Passage in Virgil_ (Vol. viii., p. 270.).--Is this the passage referred to
+by Doctor Johnson?
+
+ "Nunc scio, quid sit Amor: duris in cotibus illum
+  Aut Tmarus, aut Rhodope, aut extremi Garamantes,
+  Nec generis nostri puerum, nec sanguinis, edunt."
+                  Virgil: _Bucolica_, Ecl. viii. l. 43.
+
+"The shepherd in Virgil grew at last acquainted with Love, and found him a
+native of the rocks." Dr. Johnson found his reward not in vain
+solicitations to patrons, but in the fruits of his literary labours.
+
+The famous lines in Spenser's "Colin Clout's come home again,"[3] on the
+instability and hollowness of patronage, may occur to the reader:
+
+ "Full little knowest thou, that hast not tride,
+  What hell it is in suing long to bide:
+  To lose good days that might be better spent,
+  To waste long nights in pensive discontent.
+  To speed to-day, to be put back to-morrow,
+  To feed on hope, to pine with fear and sorrow.
+  To fret thy soul with crosses and with cares;
+  To eat thy heart through comfortless despaires," &c.
+
+F.
+
+[Footnote 3: In Mother Hubberd's Tale.--ED.]
+
+_Sir Anthony Fitzherbert, Chief Justice_ (Vol. viii., pp. 158. 276.).--In
+"A Letter to a Convocation Man," which was recently edited by a frequent
+contributor to your pages, the REV. W. FRASER, B.C.L., and is favourably
+mentioned by you, I find the following sentence, declaring that Sir Anthony
+Fitzherbert _was_ Chief Justice:
+
+    "I must admit that it is said in the second part of Rolle's
+    _Abridgment_, that the Archbishop of Canterbury was prohibited to hold
+    such assemblies by Fitzherbert, Chief Justice, because he had not the
+    King's licence. But he adds that the Archbishop would not obey it; and
+    he quotes Speed for it."--P. 38. of original pamphlet, and p. 36. of
+    Mr. Fraser's reprint.
+
+MR. FRASER merely refers to Sir Anthony Fitzherbert as being made judge of
+the Common Pleas in 1523, and does not enter into this question, which
+deserves investigation.
+
+M. W. R.
+
+"_To put a _spoke_ in his wheel_" (Vol. viii., pp. 269. 351.).--W. C.'s
+answer to G. K.'s inquiry is so very facetious, that I must confess I do
+not understand it.
+
+As to the meaning of the expression, I think there can be no doubt.
+Ainsworth interpreted "Scrupulum injecisti mihi, spem meam remoratus es."
+
+In Dutch, "Een spaak in t'wiel steeken," is "To traverse, thwart, or cross
+a design." See Sewel's _Woordenboek_.
+
+The effect is similar to that of _spiking_ cannon. And it is not improbable
+that _spoke_, known by the {577} ignorant to form part of the wheel, has
+been by them corrupted from _spike_: and that the act is, driving a _spike_
+into the nave, so as to prevent the wheel from turning on its axle.
+
+Q.
+
+Bloomsbury.
+
+_Ballina Castle_ (Vol. viii., p. 411.).--O. L. R. G. inquires about Ballina
+Castle, Castlebar, and of the general history, descriptions, &c. of the co.
+Mayo. In the catalogue of my manuscript collections, prefixed to my _Annals
+of Boyle, or Early History of Ireland_ (upwards of 200 volumes), No. 37.
+purports to be "one volume 8vo., containing full compilations of records
+and events connected with the county of Mayo, with reference to the
+authorities," and it has special notices of Castlebar, Cong, Burrishoole,
+Kilgarvey, Lough Conn, &c., and notes of scenery and statistics. I offered
+in the year 1847 to publish a history of the county if I was indemnified,
+but I did not succeed in my application. I have, of course, very full
+notices of the records, &c. of Ballina, and the other leading localities of
+that interesting but too long neglected county, which I would gladly draw
+out and assign, as I would any other of my manuscript compilations, to any
+literary gentleman who would propose to prepare them for publication, or
+otherwise extract and report from them as may be sought.
+
+JOHN D'ALTON.
+
+48. Summer Hill, Dublin.
+
+_Mardle_ (Vol. viii., p. 411.).--This is the correct spelling as fixed by
+Halliwell. I should propose to derive it from A.-S. _mathelian_, to speak,
+discourse, harangue; or A.-S. _methel_, discourse, speech, conversation.
+(Bosworth.) Forby gives this word only with the meaning "a large pond;" a
+sense confined to Suffolk. But his vocabulary of East Anglia is especially
+defective in East Norfolk words--an imperfection arising from his residence
+in the extreme west of that county.
+
+E. G. R.
+
+_Charles Diodati_ (Vol. viii., p. 295.).--MR. SINGER mentions that Dr.
+Fellowes and others have confounded Carlo Dati, Milton's Florentine friend,
+with Charles Diodati, a schoolfellow (St. Paul's, London) to whom he
+addresses an Italian sonnet and two Latin poems. Charles Diodati practised
+physic in Cheshire; died 1638. Was this young friend of Milton's a relative
+of Giovanni Diodati, who translated the Bible into Italian; born at Lucca
+about 1589; became a Protestant; died at Geneva, 1649?
+
+MA. L.
+
+_Longevity_ (Vol. viii., p. 442.).--MR. MURDOCH'S Query relative to
+Margaret Patten reminds me of a print exhibited in the Dublin Exhibition,
+which bore the following inscription:
+
+    "Mary Gore, born at Cottonwith in Yorkshire, A.D. 1582; lived upwards
+    of one hundred years in Ireland, and died in Dublin, aged 145 years.
+    This print was done from a picture _taken_ (the word is torn off) when
+    she was an hundred and forty-three. Vanluych _pinxit_, T. Chambers
+    _del._"
+
+EIRIONNACH.
+
+_"Now the fierce bear," &c._ (Vol. viii., p 440.).--The lines respecting
+which [Greek: th.] requests information are from Mr. Keble's _Christian
+Year_, in the poem for Monday in Whitsun Week. They are, however,
+misquoted, and should run thus
+
+ "Now the fierce bear and leopard keen
+  Are perish'd as they ne'er had been,
+    Oblivion is their home."
+
+G. R. M.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Miscellaneous.
+
+NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.
+
+As long as poetry of the highest order is appreciated in England, Gray's
+_Elegy written in a Country Churchyard_ will never want readers to pore
+over its beauties, or artists ready to dedicate their talents to its
+illustration. Of the latter fact we have evidence in a new edition just
+issued by Mr. Cundall, which is illustrated on every page with engravings
+on wood from drawings by Birkett Foster, George Thomas, and a Lady. The
+artists have caught the spirit of the poet, and their fanciful creations
+have been transferred to the wood with the greatest delicacy by the
+engravers,--the result being a most tasteful little volume, which must take
+a foremost rank among the gift-books of the coming Christmas.
+
+BOOKS RECEIVED.--_Smiths's Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, by
+various Writers_, Part VIII., which extends from the conclusion of the
+admirable article on _Etruria_ to _Germania_, and includes _Gallia
+Cisalpina_ and _Transalpina_, which scarcely required the initials (G. L.)
+to point out the accomplished scholar by whom they are written.--Darlings
+_Cyclopaedia Bibliographica_: Parts XIV. and XV. extend from _O. M.
+Mitchell_ to _Platina or De Sacchi_. The value of this analytical,
+bibliographical, and biographical Library Manual will not be fully
+appreciable until the work is completed.--_The National Miscellany_, Vol.
+I. The first Volume of this magazine of General Literature is just issued
+in a handsome form, suitable to the typographical excellence for which this
+well-directed and well-conducted miscellany is remarkable.--_Remains of
+Pagan Saxondom, principally from Tumuli in England_, Part VIII.: containing
+Bronze Bucket, found at Cuddesden, Oxfordshire; and Fibula, found near
+Billesdon, Leicestershire. We would suggest to Mr. Akerman that the Bronze
+Bucket is scarcely an example of an object of archaeological interest,
+which requires to be drawn of the size of the original, and coloured from
+it: and that the value of his useful work would be increased by his
+adhering to his original arrangement, by which the illustrative
+letter-press appeared in the same part with the engraving to which it
+referred.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+{578}
+
+BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE.
+
+Particulars of Price, &c. of the following Books to be sent direct to the
+gentlemen by whom they are required, and whose names and addresses are
+given for that purpose:
+
+OXFORD ALMANACK for 1719.
+
+AMOENITATES ACADEMICAE. Vol. I. Holmiae, 1749.
+
+BROWNE HIST. NAT. JAMAICAE. Lond. 1756. Folio.
+
+AMMANUS l. STIRPES RARIORES. Petrop. 1739.
+
+PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS for 1683.
+
+ANNALS OF PHILOSOPHY for January, 1824.
+
+PESHALL'S MONUMENTAL INSCRIPTIONS.
+
+UNIVERSAL MAGAZINE for January, 1763.
+
+SPRINGEL AND DECANDOLLE'S BOTANY.
+
+DR. RICHARDSON'S CORRESPONDENCE, by DAWSON TURNER.
+
+AMHERST'S TERRAE FILIUS, 1726.
+
+  Wanted by _Mr. H. T. Bobart_, Ashby-de-la-Zouch.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+LADERCHII ANNALES ECCLESIASTICAE. 3 Tom. Folio. Romae, 1728-37.
+
+THE BIBLE in Shorthand, according to the method of Mr. James Weston, whose
+Shorthand Prayer Book was published in the Year 1730. A Copy of Addy's
+Copperplate Shorthand Bible, London, 1687, would be given in exchange.
+
+  Wanted by _Rev. Richard Gibbings_, Falcarragh, Letterkenny, Co. Donegal.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+PECK'S (FR.) HISTORY OF THE STAMFORD BULL RUNNING.
+
+THE CASE OF MR. SAM. BRUCKSHAW CONSIDERED. 8vo. or 12mo.
+
+  Wanted by _Mr. J. Phillips_, Stamford.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+LONDON MAGAZINE. Vol. LXIV. to 1779.
+
+NICHOLS' LITERARY ANECDOTES, and the Continuation.
+
+  Wanted by _F. Dinsdale_, Leamington.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+JOSEPH MEDE'S WORKS.
+
+JONES'S (of Nayland) SERMONS, by Walker. 2 Vols. 8vo.
+
+PLAIN SERMONS. 10 Vols. 8vo.
+
+DEATH-BED SCENES. Best Edition.
+
+ROSE'S (H. J.) SERMONS.
+
+WILBERFORCE'S LIFE. 5 Vols.
+
+  Wanted by _Simms & Son_, Booksellers, Bath.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+HUTCHINS'S DORSETSHIRE. Last Edition.
+
+  Wanted by _James Dearden_, Upton House, Poole.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+CLARENDON'S HISTORY OF THE REBELLION. Folio. Oxford 1703. Vol. I.
+
+  Wanted by _Rev. John James Avington_, Hungerford.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+AN EXAMINATION OF THE CHARTERS AND STATUTES OF TRINITY COLLEGE, DUBLIN
+(with the Postscript), by George Miller, D.D., F.T.C.D. Dublin, 1804.
+
+A [First] LETTER TO THE REV DR. PUSEY, in reference to his Letter to the
+Lord Bishop of Oxford, by George Miller, D.D. London, 1840.
+
+  Wanted by _Rev. B. H. Blacker_, 11. Pembroke Road, Dublin.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Notices to Correspondents.
+
+W. H. M. W. _The Heralds' visitation for Wiltshire in 1622 will be found in
+the British Museum, Harl. MSS. 1165 and 1443. See too Sims's_ Indexes to
+Pedigrees, _&c._
+
+RALPHO'S _communication should have been addressed to the writer, quoting
+the lines on which he comments_.
+
+GAMMER GURTON'S _suggestion is a very good one; and we can promise that our
+Christmas Eve Number shall be rich in_ FOLK LORE.
+
+G. S. M., _who desires information respecting the history of Newspapers,
+their progress and statistics, is referred to F. K. Hunt's_ Fourth Estate,
+a Contribution towards a History of Newspapers and of the Liberty of the
+Press, _2 vols. 8vo., London, 1850. Several articles on the subject will be
+found in our own columns_.
+
+_If_ F. S. A. _applied to the proper authorities, we cannot doubt that the
+information he received is true_.
+
+J. W. N. K. _We have referred the descriptions of the pictures to one of
+the very highest authorities in London, who is of opinion that if the marks
+on the back_ are genuine, _they are the marks of the owner, not of the
+artist_.
+
+J. T. _The volume_ Remarques de Pierre Motteux sur Rabelais _is no doubt a
+translation of the notes which Motteux inserted in the English version, of
+which the first three books were translated by Urquhart, the other two by
+himself. This translation has, we think, been reprinted by Bohn_.
+
+J. W. T. _The monastic work inquired after is noticed by another
+Correspondent at_ p. 569. _of the present Number_.
+
+Dr. Diamond on the simplicity of the Calotype Process _is, on account of
+its length from the many additions made to it, unavoidably postponed until
+next week_.
+
+T. L. (Islington). _The ingredients referred to are all used by Le Gray,
+the originator of the waxed-paper process. They are supposed not only to
+increase the sensitiveness of the paper, but to add to its keeping
+qualities. We have no doubt that a letter addressed to the College of
+Chemistry will find the gentleman to whom you refer._
+
+D. G. (Liverpool). _It would be not only difficult but more expensive to
+prepare your own sulphuric ether; but we again assure that the best is to
+be procured at from 5s. to 6s. per pound, and wholesale at considerably
+less. You may satisfy yourself by a reference to our advertising columns._
+
+F. H. D. _Albumenized paper will keep many days after it has been excited
+with a forty-grain solution of nitrate of silver. We have used Whatman's
+and Turner's papers twenty days old, and with perfectly satisfactory
+results. The thin Canson is of all others most disposed to brown; but it is
+preferable to all others in use from the richness of the tints produced and
+its rapidity of printing._
+
+_Erratum._--Vol. viii, p. 546. l. 20. from bottom, for "burnishing" read
+"bruising."
+
+"NOTES AND QUERIES" _is printed at noon on Friday, so that the Country
+Booksellers may receive Copies in that night's parcels, and deliver them to
+their Subscribers on the Saturday_.
+
+"NOTES AND QUERIES," Vols. i. _to_ vii. _price Three Guineas and a
+Half.--Copies are being made up and may be had by order._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PRINCE OF WALES'S SKETCH-BOX.--Containing Colours, Pencils. &c., with
+printed directions, as now used by the Royal Family. Price 5s.
+
+    MILLER'S. Artist's Colour Manufacturer, 56 Long Acre, London; and at
+    her Majesty's Steam Colour and Pencil Works, Pimlico.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+W. H. HART, RECORD AGENT and LEGAL ANTIQUARIAN (who is in the possession of
+Indices to many of the early Public Records whereby his Inquiries are
+greatly facilitated) begs to inform Authors and Gentlemen engaged in
+Antiquarian or Literary Pursuits, that he is prepared to undertake searches
+among the Public Records, MSS. in the British Museum, Ancient Wills, or
+other Depositories of a similar Nature, in any Branch of Literature,
+History, Topography, Genealogy, or the like, and in which he has had
+considerable experience.
+
+1. ALBERT TERRACE, NEW CROSS, HATCHAM, SURREY.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
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+
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+
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+
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+{579}
+
+WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY.
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+3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.
+
+Founded A.D. 1842.
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+  _Directors._
+
+  H. E. Bicknell, Esq.          | T. Grissell, Esq.
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+
+  _Trustees._--W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq., T. Grissell,
+      Esq.
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+
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+
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+   17       1  14   4  |  32       2  10   8
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+Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR
+SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3.
+Parliament Street, London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Solicitors & General Life Assurance Society.
+
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+XYLO-IODIDE OF SILVER, exclusively used at all the Photographic
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+
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+W. THOMAS, Chemist, 10. Pall Mall, to counterfeit which is felony.
+
+CYANOGEN SOAP: for removing all kinds of Photographic Stains. Beware of
+purchasing spurious and worthless imitations of this valuable detergent.
+The Genuine is made only by the Inventor, and is secured with a Red Label
+bearing this Signature and Address, RICHARD W. THOMAS, CHEMIST, 10. PALL
+MALL, Manufacturer of Pure Photographic Chemicals: and may be procured of
+all respectable Chemists, in Pots at 1s., 2s., and 3s. 6d. each, through
+MESSRS. EDWARDS, 67. St. Paul's Churchyard; and MESSRS. BARCLAY & CO., 95.
+Farringdon Street, Wholesale Agents.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY.--The Council will open in the beginning of January,
+at the rooms of the Society of British Artists, in Suffolk Street, Pall
+Mall, an exhibition of Photographs and Daguerreotypes. Coloured Pictures
+will not be excluded. It is recommended that all pictures sent should be
+protected by glass. No picture will be exhibited unless accompanied by the
+name and address of the Photographer or Exhibitor, and some description of
+the process employed. Pictures will be received at the Rooms in Suffolk
+Street, from Monday the 19th to Monday the 26th December. Further
+information may be obtained by application to the Secretary, R. FENTON,
+ESQ., 2. Albert Terrace, Albert Road, Regent's Park.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC APPARATUS, MATERIALS, and PURE CHEMICAL PREPARATIONS.
+
+KNIGHT & SONS' Illustrated Catalogue, containing Description and Price of
+the best forms of Cameras and other Apparatus. Voightlander and Son's
+Lenses for Portraits and Views, together with the various Materials, and
+pure Chemical Preparations required in practising the Photographic Art.
+Forwarded free on receipt of Six Postage Stamps.
+
+Instructions given in every branch of the Art.
+
+An extensive Collection of Stereoscopic and other Photographic Specimens.
+
+GEORGE KNIGHT & SONS, Foster Lane, London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+IMPROVEMENT IN COLLODION.-J. B. HOCKIN & CO., Chemists, 289. Strand have,
+by an improved mode of Iodizing, succeeded in producing a Collodion equal,
+they may say superior, in sensitiveness and density of Negative, to any
+other hitherto published: without diminishing the keeping properties and
+appreciation of half tint for which their manufacture has been esteemed.
+
+Apparatus, pure Chemicals, and all the requirements for the practice of
+Photography. Instruction in the Art.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION.--An EXHIBITION of PICTURES, by the most
+celebrated French, Italian, and English photographers, embracing Views of
+the principal Countries and Cities of Europe, is now OPEN. Admission 6d. A
+Portrait taken by MR. TALBOT'S Patent Process, One Guinea: Three extra
+Copies for 10s.
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION,
+168. NEW BOND STREET.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHY.--HORNE CO'S Iodized Collection, for obtaining Instantaneous
+Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, according to light.
+
+Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the choicest
+Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their Establishment.
+
+Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals &c. &c. used in this
+beautiful Art.--123. and 121. Newgate Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS.--OTTEWILL'S REGISTERED DOUBLE-BODIED FOLDING CAMERA,
+is superior to every other form of Camera, for the Photographic Tourist,
+from its capability of Elongation or Contraction to any Focal Adjustment,
+its Portability, and its adaptation for taking either Views or
+Portraits.--The Trade Supplied.
+
+Every Description of Camera or Slides, Tripod Stands, Printing Frames, &c.,
+may be obtained at his MANUFACTORY, Charlotte Terrace, Barnsbury Road,
+Islington.
+
+New Inventions, Models, &c., made to order or from Drawings.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+VIEWS IN LONDON.
+
+STEREOSCOPES AND STEREOSCOPIC PICTURES.
+
+BLAND & LONG, 153. FLEET STREET, OPTICIANS and PHILOSOPHICAL INSTRUMENT
+MAKERS, invite attention to their Stock of STEREOSCOPES of all Kinds, and
+in various Materials; also, to their New and Extensive Assortment of
+STEREOSCOPIC PICTURES for the same, in DAUGUERREOTYPE, on PAPER, and
+TRANSPARENT ALBUMEN PICTURES on GLASS, including Views of London, Paris,
+the Rhine, Windsor, &c. These Pictures, for minuteness of Detail and Truth
+in the Representation of Natural Objects, are unrivalled.
+
+BLAND & LONG, Opticians, 153. Fleet Street. London.
+
+*** "Familiar Explanation of the Phenomena" sent on Application.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+ALLEN'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, containing Size, Price, and Description of
+upwards of 100 articles consisting of PORTMANTEAUS, TRAVELLING-BAGS,
+Ladies' Portmanteaus, DESPATCH-BOXES, WRITING-DESKS, DRESSING-CASES, and
+other travelling requisites, Gratis on application, or sent free by Post on
+receipt of Two Stamps.
+
+MESSRS. ALLEN'S registered Despatch-box and Writing-desk, their
+Travelling-bag with the opening as large as the bag, and the new
+Portmanteau containing four compartments, are undoubtedly the best articles
+of the kind ever produced.
+
+J. W. & T. ALLEN. 18. & 22. West Strand.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+AMUSEMENT FOR LONG EVENINGS, by means of STATHAM'S Chemical Cabinets and
+Portable Laboratories, 5s. 6d., 7s. 6d., 10s. 6d., 21s., 31s. 6d., 42s.__,
+63s., and upwards. Book of Experiments, 6d. "Illustrated Descriptive
+Catalogue" forwarded Free for Stamp.
+
+    WILLIAM E. STATHAM, Operative Chemist, 29c. Rotherfield Street.
+    Islington, London, and of Chemists and Opticians everywhere.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+{580}
+
+SECOND AND ENLARGED EDITION OF DR. PEILE'S ANNOTATIONS ON THE ROMANS.
+
+Now ready, in 8vo., price 7s. 6d., a Second and enlarged Edition of
+
+ANNOTATIONS ON ST. PAUL'S EPISTLE to the ROMANS. By THOMAS WILLIAMSON
+PEILE, D.D., Head Master of Repton School; and formerly Fellow of Trinity
+College, Cambridge.
+
+RIVINGTONS, Waterloo Place.
+
+THE ANNOTATIONS ON THE CORINTHIANS may be had now in One Volume, price 7s.
+6d.
+
+Also a Separate Edition of ANNOTATIONS on the HEBREWS. Price 4s. 6d.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
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+ARNOLD'S (REV. T. K.) PRACTICAL INTRODUCTION TO GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION,
+PART I. Eighth Edition. Price 5s. 6d. This new Edition has been reprinted
+from the Sixth by particular request, and upon competent authority as to
+the usefulness of the Sixth and Seventh Editions, and will remain in future
+the standard Edition of the Work.
+
+RIVINGTONS, Waterloo Place;
+
+Of whom may be had, by the same Author,
+
+A SECOND PART of the above Work (on the PARTICLES). In 8vo. 6s. 6d.
+
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+Memoranda on Mexico--Brantz Mayer's Historical and Geographical Account of
+Mexico from the Spanish Invasion. 2. Notes on Mediaeval Art in France, by
+J. G. Waller. 3. Philip the Second and Antonio Perez. 4. On the Immigration
+of the Scandinavians into Leicestershire, by James Wilson. 5. Wanderings of
+an Antiquary, by Thomas Wright, Old Sarum. 6. Mitford's Mason and Gray.
+Correspondence of Sylvanus Urban: Duke of Wellington's Descent from the
+House of Stafford; Extracts from the MS. Diaries of Dr. Stukeley; English
+Historical Portraits, and Granger's Biographical History of England;
+Scottish Families in Sweden, &c. With Notes of the Month; Historical and
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+Townshend, Sir Wm. Betham, Sir Wm. Bain, Gen. Montholon, M. Arago, Lieut.
+Bellot, R. J. Smyth, Esq., M.P.; C. Baring Wall, Esq., M.P.; Rev. G.
+Faussett, D. D.; Colin C. Macaulay, Esq.; Jas. Ainsworth, Esq.; &c. Price
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+This Day, Fourth Edition, 8vo., 12s.
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+NOTES ON THE MIRACLES. By R. C. TRENCH, B.D., Professor of Divinity in
+King's College, London, and Examining Chaplain to the Lord Bishop of
+Oxford.
+
+By the same Author,
+
+NOTES ON THE PARABLES. Fifth Edition. 12s.
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+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Lately published, price 3s. 6d. each, Parts XII. and XIII. of the
+
+TOPOGRAPHER and GENEALOGIST. Edited by JOHN GOUGH NICHOLS, F.S.A., London
+and Newcastle.
+
+CONTENTS OF PART XII.
+
+Sepulchral Memorials of the English at Bruges.
+
+A Summary Catalogue of Sepulchral Memorials, &c., existing in Parish
+Churches:--County of Suffolk, continued; Hundred of Loes.
+
+Pedigrees of Pycheford, of Pycheford, co. Salop, and of Pitchford, of Lee
+Brockhurst, co. Salop.
+
+Births of the Children of Sir John Gresham, Lord Mayor of London in 1547,
+by his first Wife, Mary, Daughter and Coheir of Thomas Ipswell.
+
+The Manor of Bampton, co. Oxford, and Family of Horde.
+
+Extracts from the Parish Registers of St. Nicholas, Dublin.
+
+Farther Extracts from the Parish Registers of Down, co. Kent.
+
+CONTENTS OF PART XIII.
+
+Some Account of the Manor of Apuldrefield, in the Parish of Cudham, Kent,
+by G. Steinman Steinman, Esq., F.S.A.
+
+Petition to Parliament from the Borough of Wotton Basset, in the Reign of
+Charles I., relative to the Right of the Burgesses to Free Common of
+Pasture in Fasterne Great Park.
+
+Memoranda in Heraldry, from the MS. Pocket-books of Peter Le Neve, Norroy
+King of Arms.
+
+Was William of Wykeham of the Family of Swalcliffe? By Charles Wykeham
+Martin, Esq., M.P., F.S.A.
+
+Account of Sir Toby Caulfield rendered to the Irish Exchequer, relative to
+the Chattel Property of the Earl of Tyrone and other Fugitives from Ulster
+in the Year 1616, communicated by James F. Ferguson, Esq., of the Exchequer
+Record Office, Dublin.
+
+Indenture enumerating various Lands in Cirencester, 4 Hen. VII. (1489).
+
+J. B. NICHOLS & SONS, 25. Parliament Street.
+
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+And bound in massive covers, containing in deep relief a Medallion Head and
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+London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, & LONGMANS.
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+       *       *       *       *       *
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+
+The Second Edition, in 2 vols. 8vo. price 24s.
+
+LECTURES on the HISTORY OF FRANCE. By the RIGHT HON. SIR JAMES STEPHEN,
+K.C.B., LL.D.
+
+Also, Third Edition, in 2 vols. 8vo., price 21s.
+
+SIR JAMES STEPHEN'S ESSAYS in ECCLESIASTICAL BIOGRAPHY, from the "Edinburgh
+Review."
+
+London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, & LONGMANS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
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+This Day, in demy 8vo., price 10s. 6d.
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+HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT of SPECULATIVE PHILOSOPHY, from KANT to HEGEL. From
+the German of DR. H. M. CHALYBAEUS. By the REV. ALFRED EDERSHEIRM.
+
+    "An acute speculator, a fair critic, and a lucid writer, and in
+    particular those Lectures are in Germany universally recognised as
+    affording a perspicuous and impartial survey of the various modern
+    systems of German Philosophy, at once comprehensive and compendious.
+    This version of a work, by no means easy to render adequately, appears
+    eminently worthy of approbation."--_Sir Wm. Hamilton._
+
+Edinburgh: T. & T. CLARK.
+
+London: HAMILTON, ADAMS, & CO.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Now ready, Vols. III and IV. (price 28s. cloth) of
+
+THE JUDGES OF ENGLAND and the Courts at Westminster. By EDWARD FOSS F.S.A.
+
+Volume Three, 1272-1377.
+Volume Four, 1377-1485.
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+Lately published price 28s. cloth,
+
+Volume One, 1066-1199.
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+    "A book which is essentially sound and truthful, and must therefore
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+
+London: LONGMAN & CO.
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+Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 10. Stonefield Street, in the Parish
+of St. Mary, Islington, at No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St.
+Bride, in the City of London: and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186.
+Fleet Street in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of
+London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.--Saturday, December
+10. 1853.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Corrections made to printed original.
+
+page 562, "the Turkish, by Seaman": 'Leaman' in original, corrected by
+errata in Issue 218.
+
+page 568, "linea sine angulis": 'angulus' in original, corrected by errata
+in Issue 218.
+
+page 573, "the Abbey of Grace Dieu, Leicestershire": 'Liecestershire' in
+original.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 215,
+December 10, 1853, by Various
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