diff options
Diffstat (limited to '29841-8.txt')
| -rw-r--r-- | 29841-8.txt | 4031 |
1 files changed, 4031 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/29841-8.txt b/29841-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a0bc3d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/29841-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4031 @@ +Project Gutenberg's Anecdotes & Incidents of the Deaf and Dumb, by W. R. Roe + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Anecdotes & Incidents of the Deaf and Dumb + +Author: W. R. Roe + +Release Date: August 29, 2009 [EBook #29841] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ANECDOTES OF DEAF AND DUMB *** + + + + +Produced by Bryan Ness, Rose Acquavella and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This +book was produced from scanned images of public domain +material from the Google Print project.) + + + + + + + + ANECDOTES & INCIDENTS + + OF THE + + DEAF AND DUMB. + + W. R. ROE, M. C. T. D. & D., + + + Head Master Midland Deaf and Dumb Institution, Derby, + Author Of "Alice Gray: a True Story;" &c. + + + DERBY: + FRANCIS CARTER, IRON GATE. + + 1886. + + + + +PREFACE. + + +The Deaf and Dumb cannot help themselves as others can. From the cradle +they are cut off from their fellow creatures. They can only cry, like +the dumb brute, to make their pains and wishes known. God only can know +the bitterness of heart, the desolation of the deaf and dumb child of +the poor, as it grows up in a world without speech or sound--a lifelong +silence! A mother's smile it may understand, but her soothing voice +never comforts or delights it. While others grow in love, and life, and +intelligence, its heart is chilled and its mind enfeebled. Only under +suitable instruction, given at an early age, can the deaf mute become +anything but a burden to others and to himself. + +The anecdotes in the following pages will doubtless be read with +considerable curiosity, and it is hoped that the Midland Institution for +the Deaf and Dumb at Derby will receive some pecuniary assistance by the +publication of this little book. + +There are 1119 Deaf and Dumb in the Institution's district, which +comprises six of the Midland Counties. + +The Institution is supported by voluntary contributions. + + W. R. R. + + _Midland Deaf and Dumb Institution, + Friar Gate, Derby._ + + + + + ANECDOTES + + OF THE + + DEAF AND DUMB. + + + + +[Illustration] + +ASK A BLESSING. + +A little boy was admitted as a pupil into the Institution for the Deaf +and Dumb at Derby. Previous to his admission he had given his parents +and friends a great deal of trouble, and fears were entertained that he +would be none the less troublesome to those in charge of him at the +Institution. Happily however, owing to the firmness and kindness of his +teachers, he very soon yielded to the rules and became a good, obedient +boy. At length the time came for the vacation, and, amongst others, this +little fellow went home for his holiday. The dinner hour arrived, and +sitting down with his parents, he looked up at his father and put his +hands together. He wanted his father to ask a blessing. The father made +the boy understand he did not know what to say, then the poor little +fellow began to cry. At last he thought of a plan, he would ask the +blessing himself; and so he spelt on his fingers the blessing he had +learnt at the Institution, and got his friends to spell on their fingers +after him letter by letter and word by word, and thus overcame the +difficulty in which he was placed. + + + + +DEAF AND DUMB CLERGYMEN. + +In America there are four deaf and dumb clergymen working in connection +with the Church Missions to the Deaf and Dumb. There are also in +connection with the same mission eight lay readers, all of whom are deaf +and dumb.--_Deaf Mute World._ + + + + +HOW TO SAVE THE RATES. + +In a vast majority of cases where the deaf and dumb are allowed to grow +up uneducated and uncared for they become inmates of Workhouses or +Lunatic Asylums. Many years ago L---- K---- was taken from a workhouse +in Derbyshire where he had been for a number of years, and educated and +apprenticed to a suitable trade; he is now a steady, industrious man, +married, and himself a _ratepayer_. This is only one of many similar +instances that have come within our experience. In some other cases they +are struggling to support widowed mothers and sisters. + + + + +FATAL ACCIDENT TO A DEAF AND DUMB BRIDE ON THE DAY OF MARRIAGE. + +The following is taken from the _Manchester Mercury and Harrop's General +Advertiser_, June 10, 1800:--"On the 12th ult., in the Island of +Anglesea, Mr. Henry Ceclar, a gentleman well known for his pedestrian +feats, to Miss Lucy Pencoch (the rich heiress of the late Mr. John +Hughes, Bawgyddanhall), a lady of much beauty, but entirely deaf and +dumb. This circumstance drew together an amazing concourse of people to +witness the ceremony, which, on the bride's part, was literally +performed by proxy. A splendid entertainment was given on the occasion +by the bridegroom; but a dreadful catastrophe closed the scene, for the +bride, in coming down stairs, made a false step, and fell with so much +violence against a chair that she immediately expired." + + + + +M. BERTHIER. + +This gentleman, who is now senior professor in the Paris Institution for +the Deaf and Dumb, is described as a man of rare merit, probably +superior in literary abilities and acquirements to any other deaf mute +from birth that any country can produce. He is the author of several +works that would do credit to a well-educated man whose knowledge of +language had been acquired through the ear. On a recent occasion of a +public exercise at the Institution he was decorated by the President of +the Republic with the Cross of the Legion of Honour, the first time such +a distinction had ever been conferred on a deaf and dumb person. + + + + +"HIS RIGHT NAME." + +In a letter received by the head master at the Deaf and Dumb Institution +at Derby, a lady writes about a little boy she had assisted in obtaining +admission into the Institution, and said that "During the little time +(18 months) that William has been in the Institution he has improved +wonderfully." She writes--"You know he used to be so wild, dirty, and +careless; he was always interfering with everybody, in fact he went in +the village by the name of Troublesome Dummy. All is changed; he is a +nice clean, well behaved boy, and people are beginning to call him by +his right name, William. We shall never forget what you have done for +him." + +[Illustration] + + + + +AN INGENIOUS BOY. + +We were lately shown a curiosity in the shape of a sewing machine +entirely of wood. It was whittled out of ordinary pine with an ordinary +jack-knife by an ordinary boy--no, not an ordinary boy; it was the +handiwork of a deaf and dumb boy who resides at Massachusetts. A machine +was left at the house of the boy by an agent, and the lad, with +considerable ingenuity, made a counterpart of the machine, and did it +wholly with a jack-knife. + + + + +"MIGHTY PROUD." + +At a meeting held in a country village in aid of the Deaf and Dumb +Institution, Derby, a number of the pupils were present on the platform. +One of the speakers called attention to a bright looking little fellow, +and asked the audience if they knew him? and amidst general laughter +spoke of the boy's earlier years, how he had seen him running about +barefooted and dirty, playing with the worst boys in the streets; but +now completely changed in his habits and character. He went on to relate +a little incident he had himself observed a few weeks previous, when the +boy was home from the Institution for his holiday. The little deaf and +dumb boy was coming along the road, looking clean and bright, and +carrying a book in his hand, when four of his old gutter companions, all +in dirt, and who ought to have been at school, saw him, and one of them +shouted out, "Hello, here's owd dummy comin;" and all four went to meet +him, and tried to make friends with him, but he thought they were +scarcely clean enough for his company, and quietly passed on his way +towards home. The boys were surprised, and stared at each other for some +time; at last one of them said, "Oh, ain't he got mighty proud?" + +[Illustration] + + + + +A DEAF AND DUMB SCULPTOR AT BRUSSELS. + +A deaf and dumb sculptor named Van Louy de Canter has recently obtained +two prizes, one a silver medal with a ribbon of Belgian colours, and a +second class award for his best work in marble; the other a bronze +medal; he has also an honourable certificate from the Belgian Exhibition +of 1880. It is encouraging to hear of his success, and to know that from +his devotion to the art, he will persevere in the right way to be a +credit to his country and to his numerous friends among the deaf and +dumb. + + + + +MONOGRAPH of the COLLEONBOLA & THYSANURA. + +BY SIR JOHN LUBBOCK, BART, M.P., &C. + +This work is one of the many magnificent contributions to the literature +of natural history issued by the Royal Society. It treats of curious +animals which the author considers as more nearly allied to the Insecta +than to the Crustacea or Arachnidæ. It is magnificently illustrated with +78 plates (31 being coloured), and the whole of the illustrations were +executed by a painstaking deaf and dumb artist, Mr. Hollick. It will +mark an era in the study of those neglected, but intensely curious +animals, and we doubt not will repay both author, and artist, and the +Society for the labour bestowed upon it.--_Daily Paper._ + + + + +THE COUNTESS OF ORKNEY. + +[Illustration] + +The following curious anecdote is related of Mary, Countess of Orkney. +She was deaf and dumb, and was married in 1753, by signs. She lived with +her husband, who was also her first cousin, at his seat, Rostellan, on +the harbour of Cork. Shortly after the birth of her first child, the +nurse, with considerable astonishment, saw the mother cautiously +approach the cradle in which the infant was sleeping, evidently full of +some deep design. The Countess having perfectly assured herself that the +child really slept, took a large stone, which she had concealed under +her shawl, and to the horror of the nurse--who, like all persons of the +lower order in her country, indeed in most countries, was fully +impressed with an idea of the peculiar cunning and malignity of +"dumbies"--raised it with an intent to fling it down vehemently. Before +the nurse could interpose the Countess had flung the stone--not, +however, as the servant had apprehended at the child, but on the floor, +where of course it made a great noise. The child immediately awoke, and +cried. The Countess, who had looked with maternal eagerness to the +result of her experiment, fell on her knees in a transport of joy. She +had discovered that her child possessed the sense which was wanting in +herself. + + + + +[Illustration] + +EPITAPH. + +In St. Modwen's Churchyard at Burton-upon-Trent, Staffordshire, the +following inscription has been copied from the tombstone of a deaf and +dumb man:-- + + This Stone + Was raised by Subscription + To the Memory of + THOMAS STOKES, + An eccentric and much-respected deaf and dumb man, + Better known by the name of + DUMB TOM, + Who departed this life Feb. 25th, 1837, + Aged 57 years. + + "What man can pause, and charge the senseless dust + With fraud, or subtlety, or aught unjust? + How few can conscientiously declare + Their acts have been as honourably fair? + No gilded bait, no heart ensnaring meed, + Could bribe poor Stokes to one dishonest deed: + Firm in attachment, to his friends most true-- + Though deaf and dumb he was excell'd by few. + Go ye, by nature formed, without defect, + And copy Tom, and gain as much respect." + + + + +A HAPPY DEATH BED. + +Not long ago there died in the county Wexford, in Ireland, a deaf and +dumb shoemaker named Henry Plunkett. He had for many years been a true +and sincere christian, and therefore when he came to die he was not +afraid, but rejoiced at the thought of meeting his Saviour. During the +last few hours of his life on earth he suffered much pain; but he was +quite sensible, and made signs that if the house was piled up with gold +he would not take it all and live, for, he said, pointing his hand +upwards, "I wish to go up." To the woman who attended him he signed, "Do +not fret, not never; I am going to Jesus." "The contrast between the +white face--white as marble--and the long jet black hair and beard is +striking," wrote the clergyman who sent this account, shortly after his +death. But beautiful as he looked in death, he looks far more beautiful +in heaven, where he now is, clothed in the white robe of Christ's +righteousness, which he has provided for all who truly love and serve +him. + + + + +THE COMING MAYORALTY. + +The state coach for the Lord Mayor elect will be furnished by Mr. J. +Offord, of Wells Street and Brook Street, who has also supplied the +chariot for Mr. Sheriff Johnson. The coach for the new Lord Mayor is +quite in harmony with modern ideas and taste. The side windows, instead +of being rounded off in the corners as formerly, are cut nearly square, +to follow the outlines of the body. This novelty renders the body of the +carriage much lighter than usual, and more elegant in appearance. +Another 'innovation' is the painting. It has hitherto been usual to +paint the under part of the carriage white or drab, relieved by the same +colour as the body, but in the present case the whole vehicle has been +painted a dark green, the family colour of the Lord Mayor elect, +relieved by large lines of gold upon the body, and gold and red upon the +under carriage. The natural elegance of this arrangement of colouring is +heightened by the beautiful heraldic paintings of the City arms and +those of the Fishmongers' and Spectacle Makers' Companies, of which Mr. +Alderman Lusk is a member. These have been executed by Mr. D. T. Baker, +the celebrated deaf and dumb artist.--_The Times_, 1883. + + + + +THE DEAF AND DUMB IN TEXAS. + +Deaf and Dumb men have a poor chance in Texas. One of them went to a +farmhouse, and, when asked what he wanted, put his hand in his pocket to +get a pencil, and he was at once shot down by the farmer, who thought +his visitor was feeling for a pistol. + + + + +THE INDIANS AND DEAF AND DUMB. + +[Illustration] + +We are quite sure the Indians were delighted by the reception tendered +them by the children of the public schools and the inmates of the +Institutions for the Blind and Deaf and Dumb last Friday, in the Academy +of Music, but their happiness was made complete, on Sunday evening, at +the La Pierre house, by a visit which they received from six of the +pupils, all girls, of the Deaf and Dumb Institute, accompanied by the +Principal, Mr. Foster, and one of the teachers. On their arrival at the +hotel they were received by Mr. Welsh, the humane commissioner, and +shown into a well furnished private parlour, when they were introduced, +one by one, to General Smith and his Indians, whose faces plainly showed +the delight which their hearts felt. They at once singled out the two +girls who had taken part in the reception at the Academy, and bestowed +upon them special marks of friendship. + +Tea being announced in a few minutes, the whole party proceeded to the +dining room, where they were seated at well spread tables, three Indians +and one mute at each. Here the striking similarity between the signs +used by the Indians of the West and our deaf mutes was plainly +observable in the spirited conversation which ensued. The merry laughter +which broke forth from these usually quiet stolid men was sufficient to +mark their keen appreciation of what was said. One old chief, slightly +confused, sought to excuse his awkwardness with the knife and fork to +one of the young ladies, by stating that at home he never used them, +but ate with his fingers. They exchanged signs for butter, coffee, milk, +meat, bread, salt, sugar, knife, fork, &c., which were remarkably +similar. + +After tea the whole party assembled in the parlour, and then began a +scene indescribable. The Indians, wild with delight, talked away to the +mutes, who, equally happy, seemed to catch and understand everything +they said. They described their homes, their hunting expeditions, their +wives and children; how they lived and how they buried their dead. One +of them gave a very graphic account of the great snowstorms which +frequently occur among the mountains. One told about the wars he had +engaged in, and the number of scalps he had taken, and then asked the +teacher if he had ever killed a man, and on receiving a reply in the +negative, seemed quite disgusted. Another, a great rider, said that with +them the horses had plenty of grass to eat, and were fat, but here, in +the city, they had none, and were consequently very poor. Another old +chief, a very fine looking man, stated that he had a large family of +children at home, and then asked the smallest of the girls if she +wouldn't go home with him, promising to bring her back as soon as she +had taught his little boys and girls how to make signs like the mutes. + +These wild men seemed thoroughly at home in the presence of the +children, their habitual restlessness and reserve disappeared; they had +met for once white persons with whom they could converse without the +tedious process of interpreting, and the conversation, as Mr. Welsh +expressed it, went directly to their hearts. In parting with their young +visitors, the Indians freely expressed the pleasure which their visit +had afforded them, then sorrow at the separation, and promised to relate +all that had occurred to their friends and kindred in the West. + +When it is remembered that all this and much more took place between a +delegation of wild Indians and six mute girls attending the Institution +in our city, it certainly will be considered remarkable, and probably +never before in the history of civilization has such a meeting occurred. +As a means of communication with the wild tribes roaming over our +western plains, the capacity of the sign-language of mutes can hardly be +over estimated, and a few well-trained mute missionaries could, without +doubt, be made the instruments for accomplishing much good among this +down-trodden despised race.--_New York Herald._ + +[Illustration] + + + + +EXHIBITION, 1851. + +At the great Exhibition in 1851 there was exhibited a set of oak tables +and cabinet of Stanton oak, combined with glass and ormolu, etc., made +and carved by three deaf and dumb persons; the castings by Marsh, of +Dudley. + + + + +A MATE FOR LAURA BRIDGMAN. + +[Illustration] + +Hetty Hutson lives in the city of Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, a girl +seventeen years old, who has been deaf and dumb and blind from birth. +She is active in her nature, and has a remarkably intelligent mind. +Through the one medium of gestures, as perceived by the touch, she +understands wonderfully well, and in turn makes herself understood. She +will wipe dishes and put them away with scrupulous care and exactness; +will go down the cellar alone at her mother's bidding and get apples; +then, running up with astonishing rapidity, will give them to anyone she +is bid, and put her own into her pocket. At a motion from her father she +will go upstairs and get his best hat, deciding by touching his +broadcloth suit which hat he wants. She knits and sews in a very +creditable style, and manifests a desire to learn to do other kinds of +work. She is neat and orderly in her habits, and ever acts in a ladylike +manner, while in disposition she is cheerful as a sunbeam, and as +playful as a kitten. For about one year, at irregular intervals, a young +minister of the name of J. B. Howell, devoted one hour each week to her +instruction, and she made some advancement, novel as his method was; but +in June last he went to Brazil as a missionary, since which time she has +been without instruction until recently. She is now receiving daily +instruction by means of the manual alphabet. It is, however, to be +regretted that her present teacher is an entire novice in the work she +has undertaken, but as she has large sympathy for her, and individual +experience as to the needs of her pupil, it seems safe to hope that she +may lay a substantial foundation, upon which some more accomplished +person may build an education which will make this greatly afflicted +being equal to Laura Bridgman, of world wide fame. + + + + +A THOUGHT OF THE SOUTH SEA ISLANDERS. + +Among some of the islands of the South Sea the compound word for "hope" +is beautifully expressive; it is "manaolona" or "swimming +thought"--"faith" floating and keeping its head aloft above water, when +all the waves and billows are going over it--a strikingly beautiful +definition of "hope," worthy to be set down along with the answer which +a deaf and dumb person wrote with his pencil, in reply to the question +"What is your idea of forgiveness?" "It is the odour which flowers yield +when trampled on." + + + + +DEAF, DUMB, BLIND, AND LAME. + +David Simons, of Boston, is deaf and dumb; he is also blind; likewise he +is lame. Penniless he is, and houseless. Finally, he is black, which may +or may not be considered a misfortune. No,--finally he was run over by a +team and dreadfully bruised. Yet we suppose that John Simons still +desires to live, for he consented to be carried to a hospital.--_Deaf +Mute Advance._ + + + + +INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. + +(From _The Graphic_, May, 1874.) + +Messrs. Doulton and Co., who have done so well with stoneware, +dignifying the simplest material by giving even to the most ordinary and +cheapest articles shapes of real beauty, exhibit in Room 9 a most +praiseworthy set of examples (3719) of very remarkable art and +character, demonstrating principally possibilities of wall decoration. +On the floor at the base of the division are some noble pieces of +graphite stoneware contributed by Mr. Frank A. Butler, who is deaf and +dumb. + + + + +A YOUNG GENIUS. + +(From the Journal of the Society of Arts, May 1, 1874.) + +Another artist who has made his mark on the ware by the originality of +his forms is Frank A. Butler. He is quite deaf and almost dumb. He is +one of many thus heavily afflicted who have passed through the school. +He began his artistic life as a designer of stained glass, but his +invention was not needed, nor, I dare say, discovered in the practice of +an art which is almost traditional. I introduced him to the new work, +and in a few months he brought out many new thoughts from the silent +seclusion of his mind. A bold originality of treatment, and the gift of +invention, are characteristic of his work. He has struck out many new +paths. A certain massing together of floral forms, and ingenious +treatment of discs, dots, and interlacing lines indicate his hand. + + + + +THE LITTLE DEMERARIAN. + +[Illustration] + +A little coloured deaf and dumb girl in Demerara came to Mrs. H----'s +school, and wished to learn to read. It was thought impossible to teach +her; the missionary's wife therefore shook her head, and made signs for +her to go home. But she would take no denial; so Mrs. H---- sent to +England for the "Deaf and Dumb Alphabet." It was astonishing how quickly +the child was taught to read the New Testament, from which she learned +to know Jesus as her Saviour. One day she signed to her kind teacher, +"Missie, me too happy. You would think when me walk out that there were +two people in the road; but it is Jesus and me. He talk and me talk, and +we two so happy together." + + + + +DRAUGHTS. + +Mr. James Wyllie (the Herd Laddie), the greatest living draught player, +has been in Aberdeen for a whole week, playing in public against all +comers. He played altogether 98 games, of which he won 79, lost 3, and 6 +drawn. It is worthy of notice that three of the draws were secured by +Mr. Benjamin Price, a deaf mute, and a well known local +player.--_Scotsman._ + + + + +THE UNWELCOME TAP. + +[Illustration] + +Isabella Green was a young woman who was completely blind and deaf, and +she was brought before a number of eminent surgeons to see if anything +could be done for her. Her sad condition had been produced by violent +pain in the head. The only method of communicating with her was by +tapping her hand, which signified no, and squeezing it, which signified +yes. The surgeons concluded that her case was incurable, and in reply to +her earnest inquiries she received the unwelcome tap. She immediately +burst into tears, in all the bitterness of anguish. "What!" said she, +"shall I never see the light of day, or hear a human voice? Must I +remain shut up in darkness and silence as long as I live?" A friend who +was present took up a Bible and placed it to her breast. She put her +hands on it, and asked "Is this the Bible?" Her hand was squeezed in +reply. She immediately clasped it in her hands, and held it to her +bosom, and exclaimed, "This is the only comfort I have left. I shall +never be able to look upon its blessed pages, but I can think of the +promises I have learned from it." And she then began to repeat some of +the promises--"Cast thy burden upon the Lord, and He will sustain thee;" +"Call upon me in the day of trouble, and I will deliver thee;" "My grace +is sufficient for thee," &c. She dried her tears, and became peacefully +submissive to the will of God. + + + + +COROT AND HIS PUPIL. + +Corot the Artist had a deaf and dumb pupil. The young fellow was +employed in copying one of his master's beautiful pencil drawings, when +he even tried to imitate a stain of glue which was on the paper. Corot, +when he saw it, smiled, and said, or at least wrote, "Très bien, mon +ami; mais quand vous serez devant la nature; vous ne verrez pas de +taches." "(Very well, my friend; but when you are before nature you will +not see any stains.)" + +M. Jean Baptist Corot, the great French landscape painter, died February +23rd, 1875, aged 79. + + + + +DUMB FOR TWO YEARS. + +Two years ago, says the _Auburn Advertizer_, George Scott, one of a gang +of desperadoes in New York City, committed a robbery, for which he ought +to have received ten years in prison. When he was arrested he feigned to +be deaf and dumb. Upon his trial he made much of his infirmity, and the +result was that he succeeded in escaping with a sentence of two years. +Being transferred from Sing Sing to Auburn prison, he still kept up +appearances, by means of which he escaped from doing heavy work, but was +assigned to duty in shoe shop No. 1 as waiter, being supposed to be fit +for no more valuable service. He was sharp, ready and intelligent, and +generally well behaved, though hot tempered. Keeper Bacon, under whom +he was placed, had him always under strict surveillance, but never was +led to suspect by anything in his conduct that he was not deaf and dumb. +Indeed, he says that he once saw Scott, who always went in the shop by +the name of "Dummy," so roused up and maddened by something that had +occurred, that he thought he would go crazy, yet he gave no sign that he +was otherwise in respect to hearing and speaking than he seemed. About +two months ago Dummy's time was up, and he was discharged. To give him a +start in life again, keeper Bacon hired him to do some gardening. +Principal keeper Gallup did the same thing. He worked in this way for +two or three weeks. While at his work children would talk to him and +play round him, yet he was always apparently oblivious to their +presence. But Dummy had a tongue and could use it, and his hearing was +as keen as anybody's. One day he fell in with a fellow convict who had +just been discharged from prison, and they went off up the street +together, talking gaily. Captain Russell, foreman in one of the +departments of the prison shoe shop, who was in the street, overheard +their conversation; and on another occasion it happened that one of the +keepers met Dummy at Louis Schuch's and talked with him for a long time. + + + + +THE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE. + +A fact without precedent has just happened at the Sorbonne. A young deaf +mute, M. Dusuzeau, underwent recently with success the examinations for +the degree of "Bachelor of Science." This distinguished pupil has +answered by writing all the questions which have been put to him. This +success, unexpected a few years ago, greatly honours the Imperial +Institution in Paris, and is due to the high standard which its learned +director, M. Vaisse, maintains in the studies, and to the devotedness of +the censor, M. Valade Reoni, head master of the instruction, and who has +been the affectionate master of M. Dusuzeau. + +M. Dusuzeau was married on the third of March last, at the church of St. +Germain, l'Auxerrois, Paris, to Miss Matilda Freeman, daughter of James +B. Freeman, Esq., of Philadelphia, in the presence of a distinguished +circle of friends. Miss Freeman stayed in England some months in 1882, +and is therefore well known to many of our deaf and dumb friends. + + + + +LIKE THE COPY. + +Florence B----, a little girl in the Deaf and Dumb Institution at Derby, +was painting in water colours during her leisure hours. She had been +told to be very careful with the card she was painting, and do it +exactly the same as the copy, and to these instructions she strictly +adhered. When the card was finished she took it to the head master, who +at once noticed a black spot painted on a bright flower. On being told +she had spoilt the card with doing this, she replied "But it's like the +copy," and at once produced it, when it was found that by some means an +ink spot had got on the copy. + + + + +"DRUNKEN BILLY." + +[Illustration] + +A poor deaf and dumb man, who might be said to be entirely friendless in +the world until the Institution of the Deaf and Dumb was formed at +Derby, was continually in trouble, owing to his intemperate habits. +"Drunken Billy," as he was called by some, had however a tender place in +his heart, and we frequently visited him at his lodgings and assisted +him in various ways. After a time Billy was persuaded to sign the +temperance pledge, and began to attend the lectures and services for the +adult deaf and dumb. For a time all went well, but one hot summer day +one of his fellow workmen, who ought to have known better, knowing that +Billy had signed the temperance pledge, offered him a shilling if he +would drink a glass of ale he held in his hand. The temptation was too +strong for Billy to resist, and having taken one, it was not easy for +him to resist a second, and in the end poor Billy got taken up by the +police. The head master of the Institution at Derby appeared, by +request, to interpret the evidence, and it transpired that Billy had +been sent to prison in the same month, June, each year, for the seven +previous years. The magistrates however expressed their reluctance at +sending Billy to prison, and asked him, through the interpreter, if he +would try and keep sober, and if he would again sign the pledge; this he +promised to do, and the magistrates on the bench not only dismissed the +case, but each became subscribers of one guinea annually to the Deaf and +Dumb Institution. Billy, true to his promise kept sober, and again +attended the services for the deaf and dumb, and when nearly 70 years of +age gave a brief lecture of his "Life's Experiences" to the deaf and +dumb, which caused considerable amusement, especially his remarks about +Derby fifty years ago. Billy was always thankful for the help rendered +him by the Institution, and frequently said "If he might have his way he +would be glad to die and get to heaven where he could hear." Poor +Billy's life was a hard one, for death took a good wife and four little +ones during the first ten years of his wedded life, and one by one the +whole of his relations passed away. Billy has now done with temptation, +and recently passed away to the majority, his last remarks bearing +testimony to the value of the Institution for the Deaf and Dumb. + + + + +RAPID BICYCLE TRAVELLING. + +Yesterday week a young man named Sydney Cornwall, of Coventry, started +at six o'clock in the morning for Salisbury (a distance of 128 miles) on +a bicycle. On the morning following his friends received a letter from +him, posted at Taunton, stating that he had reached that place and had +yet fourteen miles to go that evening; and a subsequent letter on +Wednesday morning informed them that he had arrived at his destination +at six o'clock on Tuesday evening, having stopped the previous night at +a hostelry some miles beyond Taunton. This young man is deaf and dumb, +and his enquiries for the right road must have cost him some +considerable time. The driving wheel of his machine is only forty inches +in diameter.--_Bicycle News._ + + + + +HEROIC CONDUCT OF A DEAF AND DUMB GIRL. + +[Illustration] + +On Tuesday last an inquest was held by Mr. Michael Fullam, Coroner, at +Aughaward, near Ballinale in this County, on the body of a respectable +middle class farmer named James Prunty. It appears the deceased, a +feeble old man of 76 years of age, went into an out-house occupied by +his own bull for the purpose of cleaning it out, and while in the act of +doing so, the bull broke its chain and turned on him. By the +interposition of providence, his daughter, a deaf mute, happened to come +that way, and looked into the bull-house, her attention having been +attracted by seeing the door lying open; and there, at the instant her +eyes rested on the interior, she saw her aged father tossed high in the +air above the bull's head; when he fell on the ground the bull gored him +with his horns, pawed him with his feet, and raged with fury. The daring +girl--the poor deaf mute--did not hesitate for an instant, but with most +surprising presence of mind rushed to the rescue. She caught up the old +man's stick which she saw on the floor as she entered, and seizing the +bull by a copper ring in his nose, she thrashed him soundly on the head. +The struggle was terrific--it was one of life and death, both for +herself and the old man who now lay helpless at her feet. The bull did +not tamely submit to his chastisement, but directed his assault on the +lone girl; he tore her from her ankle to her armpit, struck her on the +breast, and dashed her against the wall: but still she clung with a +death grasp to his nose, and belaboured him with the stick, until she +finally conquered and forced the infuriated animal to yield to her +command. She then threw away the stick, and changing the ring into her +right hand, raised the disabled old man from the ground and carried him +on her left arm outside the door, forced back the bull, and closed the +door in his face. Such heroic conduct as this has seldom been manifested +by the bravest of men, but it is almost beyond credence that the deaf +mute who was examined before the jury through an interpreter could have +performed such an extraordinary feat. Yet so it was, and the jurors one +and all were thoroughly satisfied with the clear and intelligible +description of the most minute particulars of the occurrence exhibited +by this most wonderful girl. It is sad to say that after all her +exertions, the poor old man died in an hour after his release from the +bull-house. The jury handed to the coroner the following memorandum at +the close of the proceedings:-- + + "We cannot separate without putting on record our entire + admiration of the heroic conduct of Bridget Prunty (an orphan + and deaf mute), who, at the risk of her life, relieved her aged + father, James Prunty, from the furious assault of his own bull, + (from the effects of which he died yesterday), by catching him + by a ring in his nose, and while holding him back, carried the + old man on her left arm out of the house in which he was + attacked: and we urgently recommend her to the notice of those + benevolent gentlemen who appreciate and reward such an act of + noble daring for the preservation of human life." + + "Given at Aughaward, 22nd Jan., 1878, + BARTHOLOMEW QUINN, Foreman." + (For self and fellows), + "M. FULLAM, Coroner." + +_Longford Journal._ + +We are glad to say that on hearing of the bravery of this little deaf +and dumb girl, Mr. Harman, M.P., at once sent £5, and many other friends +also shewed their appreciation of the girl's conduct in a practical way. + + + + +The following touching lines were composed by a _Deaf_ friend after +seeing the account in the "Longford Journal":-- + + THE BRAVE DEAF MUTE. + + The tale of bravery I tell, + Will your attention hold, + Though not performed on battle field, + Nor by a warrior bold. + + An Irish girl, to whom the Lord + Nor speech nor hearing gave, + Tho' but a poor deaf mute was she, + Her heart was stout and brave. + + Deaf, dumb, yes, poor and motherless, + Friendless and obscure; + Only her father left to her, + And he was old and poor. + + A farmer he, and owned a bull, + That in a shed was chained, + For it was savage, but one day + Its liberty obtained. + + The poor old man was unaware + The bull had broke its chain, + Until the beast upon him turned + Ere he the door could gain. + + The dumb girl neared the open shed, + As she the threshold crossed; + Oh! dreadful sight, her father high + By savage bull was tossed. + + She could not hear if help was nigh, + She could not call for aid; + So quick to rescue him she ran, + Too brave to feel afraid. + + One hand she slipped within a ring, + That through its nose was placed; + And with her father's stick upraised, + The angry bull she faced. + + Oh! then ensued a struggle, fit + To fill her heart with dread; + While at her feet her father lay, + To all appearance dead. + + Long and fierce the battle raged + Between the bull and maid; + Nor would she yield, tho' by its horns + Her side was open laid. + + Blow after blow upon its head, + With heavy stick she rained, + Until the savage beast was cowed, + And she the victory gained. + + And then the stick away she threw, + (But held on as before,) + Her father with one arm she raised, + And slowly neared the door. + + Then back into the shed she forced + The bull, and slammed the door, + While in her aching, bleeding arms, + Her father's form she bore. + + But, sad to say, her father dear, + Whom thus to save she tried, + Had been so injured by the bull, + In one short hour he died. + + An orphan now, alone and poor, + Homeless, and deaf and dumb; + Oh, who will help some christian friends, + To make for her a home? + + If you who read these simple lines, + With speech and hearing blest, + And have it in your power to aid + And comfort the distressed, + + Oh! think of this brave-hearted girl, + And help her in her need;-- + With voice and pen on her behalf + For timely help I plead. + + + + +A VICTORY. + +Peter Sims, a deaf and dumb boy, was walking past a large shop one day +in winter, when he saw a beautiful pair of skates in the window. He had +often wished for skates that he might skate upon the ice, and when he +saw these he desired to have them. He looked; no one was watching; he +thought, "I can take these skates easily, and no one will know." + +Before he had been sent to school this boy had been a very bad boy; he +had often stolen little articles, but now he was learning about God, and +he knew that God had said "Thou shalt not steal." As he stood looking at +the skates this commandment came into his mind, and there was a struggle +in his heart. His old bad nature said, "Take the skates;" his conscience +answered, "No, for it is wrong to steal." At last he made the signs, +"steal, bad, not" (he was seen, though he did not know it), and went on +without taking them. He had gained a great victory over the temptation +of the devil, and the next time he was so tempted the fight was not so +severe, as sin had less power over him. + + + + +THE QUEEN AND THE DEAF AND DUMB. + +Not far from Osborne House, Isle of Wight, there lives a poor man in a +small cottage, who a few years ago had a deaf and dumb daughter, who +used to do a great deal of knitting for the Queen. Her Majesty +frequently visited this woman, and used to talk to her on her fingers. +The deaf and dumb woman is now dead, and during her illness the Queen +visited her and talked to her for her comfort. Her Majesty apologised +that she could not now talk so fast as when she was young. + + + + +EXAMPLE. + +Vauncey, a little deaf and dumb boy, was admitted to the Institution, at +Derby, and night and morning he would watch with keen interest the other +boys kneeling at the bed-side, and spelling on their fingers their +prayers. In a few days the little boy learnt the alphabet, and the head +master on going upstairs to look round, was surprised to see him +kneeling reverently by his bed-side, eyes closed, and spelling on his +fingers the alphabet right through. A strange prayer, the reader will +think; but not so to our Heavenly Father, who doubtless would accept it +as the poor boy's best offering. + + + + +[Illustration] + +THE CONVERTED MUTE. + +During a revival of religion in one of the New England villages, a son +of the clergyman returned home for a brief visit. The lad was a deaf +mute, and had spent his first term in the Deaf and Dumb Institution, +just then commencing its history. His parents having no knowledge of the +language of signs, and the boy being an imperfect writer, it was almost +impossible to interchange with him any but the most familiar ideas. He, +therefore, heard nothing of the revival. But before he had been at home +many days, he began to manifest signs of anxiety, and at length wrote +with much labour upon his slate, "Father, what must I do to be saved?" +His father wrote in reply, "My son, you must repent of sin, and believe +in the Lord Jesus Christ." "How must I do this?" asked the boy again +upon his slate. His father explained to him as well as he could, but the +poor untaught boy could not understand. He became more than ever +distressed; would leave the house in the morning for some retired place, +and would be seen no more until his father went in search of him. One +evening, at sunset, he was found upon the top of the hay, under the roof +of the barn, on his knees, his hands uplifted and praying to God in the +signs of the mutes. The distress of the parents was so intense, that +they sent for one of the teachers of the Asylum, and then for another; +but it seemed that the boy could not be guided to the Saviour of +sinners. One afternoon the father was on his way to fulfil an engagement +in a neighbouring town, and as he drove leisurely over the hills, the +poor inquiring and helpless son was continually in his thoughts. In the +midst of his supplications his heart became calm, and his long +distracted spirit was serene in the one thought that God was able to do +his own work. The speechless boy at length began to tell how he loved +his Saviour, and that he first found peace on the very afternoon when +the spirit of his father on the mountains was calmed and supported by +the thought that what God had promised he was able to perform. + + + + +"NOTHING BAD." + +On entering the school room one morning, one of the little deaf and dumb +girls quickly turned over her slate, and colouring in the face. The +teacher asked, "What have you been doing?" The girl signed, in reply, +"Nothing bad, sir." On turning over the slate we found the girl had +written "Drunkenness clothes a man with rags." + + + + +A SAD CASE. + +[Illustration] + +T---- L---- lived near Derby. Hers was a sad case--deaf, dumb, and so +nearly blind that she had to be led about; moreover, she suffered from +extreme weakness in the legs, and was delicate on the chest. Her father +being dead, it was difficult for her to obtain the necessaries of life, +and it was thought the workhouse must be her future home. The case was +brought under the notice of the Committee of the Deaf and Dumb +Institution at Derby, who decided not to let her go into the workhouse +without trying what could be done for her. Accordingly she came under +their care, and gradually became stronger; but the difficulties in the +way of her education, owing to her sight, were not easily overcome, in +fact she had to be taught as one perfectly deaf, dumb, and blind. She +however made good progress, and is now a good tempered, hard working +girl, actually earning her own living. She can wash and scour and knit +and sew quite as well as many persons blessed with the senses of sight +and hearing. She frequently attends the meetings for the adult deaf and +dumb, and always has something interesting to say, especially on +religious subjects. + + + + +A DEAF AND DUMB CLERGYMAN. + +Among those who were ordained deacons on Trinity Sunday last year by the +Bishop of Winchester was Mr. R. A. Pearce, who is deaf and dumb, and who +is to devote himself specially to Missionary work among the deaf mutes +in the diocese of Winchester. The Rev. C. M. Owen, Secretary to the +Mission, believes that this is the first instance of a deaf and dumb man +being ordained in the Church of England.--_Irish Ecclesiastical +Gazette_. + +The Rev. R. A. Pearce has had the honour of being presented to the +Queen. Mr. Pearce has visited the Institution for the Deaf and Dumb at +Derby. + + + + +A DEAF MUTE'S BEAUTIFUL ANSWER. + +The Rev. R. Stewart says: "I knew of a gentleman who went to a Deaf and +Dumb Asylum to make known to the inmates the way of salvation through +Jesus Christ. He asked questions by means of writing them on a +blackboard. One day he wrote the question, 'What does God do with the +sins of the people who believe in Him?' One of the lads wrote below the +question, 'All our sins were written in God's book, but Jesus came and +drew His bleeding hand across the pages where the sins of the people +were entered who believe in Him; thus covering over with His own blood +the transgressions of His people.' Was this poor deaf and dumb lad +right? Yes, indeed, for 'The blood of Jesus Christ, God's Son, cleanseth +us from _all_ sin.'" + + + + +"I MUST HELP." + +[Illustration] + +The following little incident will show how interested the deaf and dumb +are in trying to help Institutions struggling to obtain monetary support +in order to admit the numerous cases pressing for admission. A number of +the pupils from the Institution at Derby were present at a meeting, when +the head master was advocating its claims for support. At the close of +the meeting a deaf and dumb young man came up and said, "I have been +very pleased with what I saw the children do, they will soon be very +clever. I hope the people will all help you; other people helped me to +get a good education, now _I must help_ others who are deaf and dumb to +go to school. I will try and collect £5 for you." True to his promise he +did collect £5, and sent it saying, "Next year I must try and collect +£10." A little time since he called at the Institution with the handsome +sum of £10, which he had collected in pence from 371 persons. Several +other deaf mutes have shown their interest by collecting £1 to £3 from +time to time. + + + + +CANON FARRAR WITH THE DEAF AND DUMB. + +[Illustration] + +The _Washington Post_ gives an account of Canon Farrar's visit to that +city. He was interviewed by one of their reporters as to what he thought +of the place, and he replied that he was greatly pleased, but what +interested him most was the Deaf Mute College. He was of opinion there +was nothing of its kind in the world. The Canon was conducted through +the College by Dr. Gallaudet, the president, who explained to him the +various arrangements, after which Mr. Olof Hanson, a Swede, who has +mastered English since the loss of his hearing, delivered orally the +following address:--Two and a half centuries ago the Pilgrim Fathers +laid the foundation of the nation. America may in a sense be called the +child of England--and a well-grown child, of which she need not be +ashamed. In visiting this country, therefore, you do not, we trust, feel +like a stranger, but, as it were, among relatives and friends. +Archdeacon Farrar is no stranger to us; his beautiful "Life of Christ" +is a well-known volume in many a public and private American library, +and there are few who have not read his noble eulogy on our departed +hero, General Grant. As a friend then, we bid him welcome. Permit me now +to say a few words about the instruction of the deaf in this country. In +1817 the first deaf mute school in America was founded at Hartford, +Connecticut; there are now upwards of sixty schools for the deaf and +dumb in the United States, and to day more than 7000 pupils receiving +instruction. The minds of the deaf are just like those of other people, +and only need to be developed. Although the avenue of the ear is +closed, through the other senses information is imparted, and sight, +being the most convenient, is chiefly made use of in instructing the +deaf; but to teach them persons of experience and intelligence are +required, and to obtain such teachers money is necessary. Our Government +has wisely recognised this, and it accordingly makes liberal provision +for educating the deaf, as well as the hearing, all our institutions +being supported mainly by the Government. It was long doubted that the +deaf could master the higher branches of study, and it has been reserved +for this college to see if they can. In this country we have the deaf as +teachers, lawyers, chemists, artists, clergymen, editors, &c. Many take +a most creditable rank among the hearing persons in their professions. +Among the graduates of this college will be found some of the most +intelligent and best educated deaf mutes in the world. The college is +the only one of its kind in existence. Two young men from the old world +have come all the way here to obtain an education which they could not +get at home. They are cordially welcomed, and we hope many more will +come until the time arrives when they have a college of their own, where +they may acquire the advantages of a high and liberal education. Mr. +Francis Maginn, son of the Rev. C. A. Maginn, county Cork, was then +introduced to Canon Farrar, and his address read by Dr. Gallaudet. "As +one of the two students from Europe just alluded to by my friend, I have +the pleasure of welcoming my distinguished countryman, Archdeacon +Farrar, to Washington. Having acquired the rudiments of my education in +the metropolis of Great Britain, where you from Sunday to Sunday expound +the unsearchable riches of Christ, and being a native of Ireland, where +my father ministers in the Church of Ireland, it is but natural I should +express my deep gratification that you should have come amongst my +American brethren in affliction. I am sure, sir, that you have felt as I +have done when coming to the great and prosperous United States, that +the American people is one of which we may well be proud--a great and +highly civilised people, with whom we are connected by every tie of +blood, and every relation of business--they are a people who bear our +civilisation, in many things improved, our language, literature, laws, +and religion. In an educational point of view the nation is prominent, +and her silent children have the advantages of spacious institutions, +supported by her revenues. It is greatly to be regretted that our +brethren in Great Britain enjoy none of these elaborate advantages of +intellectual culture. Whilst Mr. Foster's Act benefits thousands, and +while $15,000,000 are annually voted for the masses, one third of the +mutes of right school age are being left uneducated. What that means, +the English have no conception, or they would not be apathetic or +unconcerned; no class when uneducated is more entirely cut off from all +human intercourse than the deaf and dumb." The Canon, in reply, +expressed his thanks for the cordial reception given him, and concluded +with a short prayer, which was interpreted by Dr. Gallaudet, President +of the Deaf and Dumb College. + + + + +DEAF AND DUMB SOLDIERS. + +During the Franco-German War, an army corps of 400 deaf and dumb +Frances-Tireurs were led to battle against the Germans.--_Paris +Journal._ + + + + +ROBERT S. LYONS. + +Robert S. Lyons went about Ireland last summer visiting the deaf and +dumb, and talking to them about Jesus. He was then home for vacation +from America, where he had gone to study, in order to fit himself to be +a missionary to the deaf and dumb. We all hoped that he would have +entered on his duties as such this summer, and that many of his deaf +country men and women would have been helped by him on the way to +heaven. But God has ordered it otherwise. He died at his father's +residence, near Newtownstewart, after a long and painful illness, on the +evening of Friday, the 5th of June last. + +Mr. Francis Maginn, who is also deaf and dumb, went with Robert Lyons to +America last autumn, and left his studies in the College that he might +take care of him on the journey home, has written some reminiscences of +his friend, of which the following is a part:-- + + "It was my privilege to be his companion on his return to + Washington, and to share the same rooms. He spent much time in + Bible reading and prayer. He was attacked in February last with + a serious illness, which he bore with wonderful patience. At + one time his death was expected. We sat up one night watching + for his last breath, but life was lengthened. + + He seemed to improve for a while, and was able to go out for a + drive in the President's carriage. Every comfort was his, + supplied by the kind ladies of Dr. Gallaudet's family. Flowers, + books, pictures; every delicacy possible constantly sent to + tempt the appetite; but his strength scarcely increased. + Prayers were daily offered on his behalf. Even a little girl + prayed daily for him, and said, 'I know God will hear my + prayers, and he will recover.' But such was not the will of + God. He was sent home, and given up to my care. The voyage was + fine four days, when a gale arose which lasted five days, and + tried his strength terribly. He seemed sinking, and said, 'I + will not live to see my parents again.' I said, 'You will, if + you trust in God, and if it is His will.' When we came to see + lights of the Irish coast we felt joy and comfort. Arrived in + Londonderry he had scarcely any strength to stand. When + Newtownstewart was reached his relations and I knew each other + by our troubled and anxious faces." + +His sister wrote that on the last two occasions that his mother talked +to him of his sufferings his reply each time was, "If we suffer with Him +(Jesus), we shall reign with Him." Again, he said he left himself in the +hands of his Lord, to take him or leave him as He pleased. He breathed +his last in the arms of his brother John, on Friday, the 5th of June, at +10.30 p.m. The end was so peaceful that they could not tell when the +last breath was drawn. + +The funeral took place on Monday, the 8th, when the long procession of +vehicles, some forty or fifty in number, bore testimony to the love and +respect with which he was regarded in his own neighbourhood. Next after +the chief mourners walked Samuel Carrigan and young M'Causland, two deaf +mutes who loved and honoured him. Many others would have been present +also, had it been in their power, for Robert had the love and regard of +all the deaf and dumb who knew him. + + +_Copy of a letter given to R. S. Lyons on leaving America, by Dr. +Gallaudet, President of the College:--_ + + National Deaf Mute College, Kendal Green, + Near Washington. + + MY DEAR ROBERT,--I want to give you more than a mere "good-bye" + in words, as you take your leave of us. I want to tell you how + much I have been pleased with your course here as a student, + how gratified I have been to see your pleasantness in your + work, and how thoroughly you have won my respect and esteem; + and then want to add that your patience and cheerfulness under + the heavy cross of extreme illness has made you seem a real + hero. It is an added pleasure to think that this heroism is of + that sort which those sons of men alone exhibit who are filled + with the spirit of our good and glorious leader, Christ. I + believe, dear Robert, that you have that spirit, truly and + fully, and I am sure it will sustain you in all future work. As + you go far away over the ocean to your home, to your loved + ones, and to that work which God will give you to do, my + prayers will follow you daily that God will give you health and + strength to do His will, and, above all, that the "peace of + God" which passeth knowledge may fill your soul. Wishing you + every blessing that earth and heaven can bestow,--I am, yours + in loving friendship, + + E. M. GALLAUDET. + + + + +HELEN SILVIE. + +[Illustration] + +Helen Silvie was a Scotch girl. She was born in the village of Dunblane, +situated on the beautiful banks of the river Allan. + +She lost her hearing by fever when about five years of age, and two +years after she was sent to the Edinburgh Institution for the Education +of the Deaf and Dumb. + +She was a very shy child, and would not speak any words after she became +deaf, so she soon forgot how to do so, and when her education was begun, +she was nearly like a child born deaf. + +For a time she was peevish and discontented; her mind was dark. But so +soon as she began to understand, it was as if light shone into her mind, +and she became cheerful and happy like her companions. + +At first she did not seem very clever. But after two years she began to +improve fast, and soon was one of the best pupils in the Institution. +She was very amiable and affectionate, and a great favourite with her +companions. + +When she grew up she became an assistant in the school, she taught one +of the junior classes in the early part of the day, and instructed the +girls in sewing in the evenings. For some years she was thus usefully +employed. But her brother wished her to go and live with him, and keep +house for him at Bannockburn, and she consented and left the +Institution. + +After a time Helen wished to return to the Institution. So she wrote a +letter to a friend and asked her to find out if she would be allowed to +become a teacher again. But the Superintendent of the Institution was +ill, and no answer was sent to her letter. Then Helen thought she would +go herself to the Institution and see if they would employ her. It was +winter. She set out from Stirling in a steamer on the last day of the +year 1845, and arrived at Granton Pier at night. It was dark. A +gentleman offered to conduct her up the pier, but he did not know the +way. He should have turned to go towards the town, but he led her +straight on. They came to the edge of the pier, and in an instant both +were plunged into the sea. They were soon picked up, and carried to the +hotel. Helen soon seemed quite well, and she was sent on to the +Institution. She felt so happy at being again among her old friends that +she did not soon go to bed. She thought herself much better than she +was. She caught a very bad cold. In a few days inflammation of the lungs +came on. Her sufferings were very great, but, she bore them patiently; +and on Sabbath morning, the 18th of January, 1846, her spirit took its +flight to her Saviour's bosom. + +Her pastor, who visited her on her death-bed, was much pleased to see +how fully she trusted in Jesus. He said of her after she died "I think +of her as one of the spirits of the just made perfect." + + + + +[Illustration] + +A CAT ASSISTING A DEAF AND DUMB WOMAN. + +The chill wind was moaning, the rain falling drearily, and day darkening +rapidly, when a lady might have been seen walking along quickly through +Eccles Street. She was thinking of home, with its bright warm fire, and +how soon she could get in out of the cold and wet. + +Suddenly she stopped, as a feeble cry arrested her footsteps, and +looking round, she perceived a cat crouched against some steps. The +storm was beating on the poor harmless creature, and night coming on. + +The lady did not turn away and hurry on, as some selfish people would +have done, but pitied and called the poor cat. It looked so forlorn, and +gave a frightened glance in her face. Gaining courage from what it saw +there, it trusted her, and jumped up, curled its tail over its back, and +trotted contentedly after her. The lady went on. When she looked back +now and then, there was pussy trotting steadily behind. + +Presently the lady knocked at a hall door, and when it was opened they +passed into a bright room, and pussy sat down to dry before a warm fire, +where two other cats, sleek and well fed, kept her company. Well, our +puss, whose name was "Gipsy," very soon was lapping a saucer of warm +milk. After that she looked at the fire, and winked her eyes until she +fell asleep. + +Sarah Darby, who is deaf and dumb, was at that time living in this +house. Pussy became very fond of Sarah, and liked to sit in her lap +because she was kind to it. Now Sarah did not think a cat could help +her, but she knew that God commands us to be kind to helpless creatures, +and He always rewards us when we obey Him. + +You will wonder how a cat could help anyone, so I will tell you. +Sometimes Sarah was alone in the house, and when a knock came to the +hall door there was no one to tell her but puss, and puss did so. How? +She jumped down off Sarah's lap, and looked up in her face every time a +knock came, and after the door had been opened got on her lap again, and +waited for the next one. So this is how the cat helped the deaf and dumb +woman. + + + + +THE EARL OF SHAFTESBURY. + +At a meeting in aid of the deaf and dumb held in Dundee, at which Lord +Panmure presided, a number of deaf and dumb children were present and +put through an examination. The question was put on the blackboard, "Who +is the greatest living statesman of Great Britain?" One of the boys +instantly wrote, "The Earl of Shaftesbury." The chairman patted the boy +on the head, and asked, "Why do you think the Earl of Shaftesbury is the +greatest living statesman?" The boy answered, "Because he cares a great +deal for the like of us deaf mutes." + + + + +DEAF AND DUMB LADY'S IDEA OF MUSIC. + +[Illustration] + +A lady who graduated from the Institution at New York some years ago, +was questioned as to the capacity of the deaf to enjoy music; she wrote: +"I think all deaf persons have an idea more or less vague of musical +sounds. It comes to all who cannot hear through the sense of touch. The +vibrations of the chords of a piano, when strongly played, are +sufficient to produce real enjoyment by means of feeling to one who can +touch the case merely. The soft, tremulous notes, even convey an +impression through the nerves, similar, I fancy, to that which others +obtain through the ear. But the real music for us comes through the eye. +The rippling of waves, the tremulous vibration of leaf and blossom and +twig, all these sights make for us a harmony perhaps as perfect as the +most finished orchestra." + + + + +HALF A SCORE DEAF MUTES. + +On Tuesday evening last the Stamford Corn Exchange was crowded with +people eager to see half a score little deaf mutes from the Institution +at Derby. The children--six boys and four girls--caused considerable +amusement, and also pain to think they should be so afflicted. The +youngsters can draw, read, and write in a way that is surprising, and +some of the faces were marked by unusual brightness and +intelligence.--_Stamford Mercury_, Sep. 18th, 1884. + + + + +A DUMB DOG. + +[Illustration] + +A deaf and dumb lady living in a German city, had, as a companion, a +younger woman, who was also deaf and dumb. They lived in a small set of +rooms opening on the public corridor of the house. Somebody gave the +elder lady a dog as a present. For some time, whenever anybody rang the +bell at the door, the dog barked to call the attention of his mistress. +The dog soon discovered, however, that neither the bell nor the barking +made any impression on the women, and he took to the practice of merely +pulling one of them by the dress with his teeth, in order to explain +that some one was at the door. Gradually the dog ceased to bark +altogether, and for more than seven years before his death he remained +as mute as his two companions. + + + + +"CLEANSING FROM SIN." + +Matthew Jones, a poor deaf and dumb boy, once wrote the meaning of Jesus +Christ's blood washing away sin. Being asked if he was afraid God would +punish him for his sins, he wrote this answer, "No, for when God sees my +name down in His book, and all the things I have done wrong, and all +that I have left undone, there will be a long account; but He won't be +able to read it, because Jesus Christ's bleeding hand will have blotted +all the account out, and He would see nothing on that page but the +Saviour's blood, for I have asked Him to wash all my sins away." + + + + +THE BIBLE AND THE DEAF AND DUMB. + +The following is taken from the British and Foreign Bible Society's +Report for 1885, being an extract from one of their agents in Belgium +named Gazan:--"For the last fourteen years Gazan has been in the habit +of getting shaved by a barber who also keeps a drinking saloon. Though +not a member of a temperance society Gazan is an abstainer, and is none +the less welcome, and he occasionally is able to sell to persons who +frequent the place. One day last year when the barber's shop was full, a +man was there who had often prevented people buying, and when Gazan left +began to say all the harm he could of him. This he heard from the +barber's wife, who expressed great annoyance at it. Some time after a +young man, deaf and dumb, called upon Gazan and gave him to understand +he wanted a Bible. With the aid of a pencil they carried on a +conversation, in the course of which Gazan showed him several passages +marked in the Bible. This was on a Sunday morning, and in the afternoon +the deaf and dumb young man came back to attend the service, for which +Gazan lends his room; and he continued to come Sunday after Sunday, when +by signs and giving him passages to read he was interested in the +service. He was introduced to the deaf and dumb evangelist in Brussels, +and having found work as a printer, is living there now, lodging at the +house of M. Crispells, who holds the service at Louvain. On Christmas +Day he went to Louvain to see Gazan, and showed him a number of texts +which had been pointed out to him during his former visits, and showed +remarkable familiarity with the Scriptures. This deaf and dumb young man +is no other than the son of the man above referred to, who had spoken +against him in the barber's shop. The conversion of his son has had a +remarkable effect upon him; he is now quite a changed man, and does all +he can to assist Gazan and to induce people to buy his books." + + + + +CORK TEMPERANCE EXHIBITION. + +The following were won by deaf mutes:--Both certificate and prize, E. +Morgan, for painted album; A. Corkey, doll's dress; B. Henderson, same; +J. Giveen, stitching; J. O'Sullivan, knitting; G. Seabury, laundry work. +Also, prizes were won by J. Armstrong, handwriting; L. Corkey, texts in +Bible album; E. Phibbs, doll's suit; E. Gray, knitting. A Bible album +made by deaf mutes at Cork was much admired. Each page has a picture +with a great many texts written round it. + + + + +GOOD INFLUENCE. + +[Illustration] + +A few years since an aged man, who had long been a sincere and devoted +christian, was placed in the same ward in the Infirmary of N----with a +deaf and dumb youth. The former received and enjoyed the visits of the +chaplain, whilst the latter was considered inaccessible to instruction. +An arrangement was at length made for the good old man to partake of the +sacrament of the Lord's Supper, when he made, as it appeared to the +chaplain and matron, the singular request that the young mute might +partake of it with him. A secret was then divulged which had been known +only to the two patients themselves. Having spent a long period of time +together, the old man had improved the opportunity thus afforded to +effect intercourse with the youth by signs, and had been enabled, by the +Divine blessing, to convey to him a knowledge of salvation through a +crucified Redeemer. There appeared every reason to believe that the +poor fellow possessed an enlightened understanding and a renewed mind, +and he was allowed to participate in the desired privilege. + +Shortly after this the old man died, and when the youth was made +sensible of the event, his countenance brightened with joy; he waved his +hand and pointed up to the sky to intimate that he was gone into heaven. +After a time the mute followed his kind friend and instructor. When he +felt himself dying, he first put his fingers in his ears and took them +out again, to show that his ears would be unstopped; he then put out his +tongue and pointed to heaven, to show that that would be unloosed. + +These facts were communicated to a friend by the matron of the +Infirmary--herself an eminent christian, who has since died, and who did +not doubt that the youth had obtained a correct and experimental +knowledge of the gospel of salvation. + + + + +A DEAF AND DUMB MAN IN THE REVISION COURT. + +On Thursday afternoon a singular scene was witnessed during the +proceedings of the Revision Court, at Ashton-under-Lyne. A man named +James Booth, of 3, Dog Dungeon, Hurst polling district, was objected to +by the Conservatives, and Mr. Booth, their solicitor, announced that the +man was deaf and dumb, but just able to utter a monosyllable now and +then. Mr. Chorlton, the Liberal solicitor: What can I do (laughter)? Mr. +Booth first by writing asked what the man's name was, and then began to +talk to him with his fingers, but being an indifferent chirologist he +made very poor progress. He had merely elicited that the man was the +owner when Mr. Chorlton began to grow impatient, and inquired, Why +don't they both go to the Isle of Man for a week (laughter)? Nothing +more could be got out of the man except a "yes" or "no" after questions +had been patiently propounded by Mr. Booth in the dactyologic alphabet. +At length the Barrister spied a rent book, and this was pounced upon and +the vote allowed very joyfully, to save further trouble. The dumb man +then spake, stuttering, and with great effort, I claim my expenses. Mr. +Chorlton: He's got those words all right, at any rate (laughter.) Mr. +Booth: He can talk a little but hear nothing. Recourse was again had by +Mr. Booth to his digits, and he interpreted to the court that the man +was a hat body maker, and wanted 5s. 6d. The Barrister: I will allow 5s. +The money was handed to the man, and he went away smiling.--_Newcastle +Journal._ + + + + +JULIA BRACE. + +Julia Brace, a deaf, dumb, and blind woman, who died in August, 1884, in +her seventy-eighth year, was well known all over America, at least +wherever attention has been paid to the education of deaf mutes. In the +year 1810, when about four years old, she lost her sight and hearing +from malignant sickness. At that time there was no school for deaf +mutes. It was not until after she was turned nineteen years that she +entered school, and she remained there between twenty and twenty-five +years. During her long stay at the school her case always attracted +particularly interesting attention on the part of visitors. In many ways +she could render much service in the daily work of the Institution. She +could even distinguish clothes belonging to different pupils, and was +therefore employed in sorting and putting them away. She had a good many +curious and amusing ways. For instance, when girl-pupils, dressing, took +their turns before the looking glass to comb up their hair, she always +insisted on having her turn, and would stand there to comb hers like any +one else. But one thing was noticeable. She had a very clear notion of +her own rights, and would not allow any interference with them. +Sometimes her idea of a personal right was rather out of a common +course, but she had no question about it, and probably could not see how +any one should have. + +Her case is not to be compared with that of Laura Bridgman, who +possessed mental powers of a higher order. She had not got the benefit +of early, assiduous, and special care that was given to the latter, and +probably she had a much less acute mental constitution at the outset of +her education. Her education began late, and at a time when very little +was known of the proper way of education for a case like hers; and she +consequently did not make much progress in language. However, it has +been found quite easy to communicate with her as to all the common +events of her daily life. + + + + +"AN AMUSING STORY." + +Here is an amusing story hailing from Munich. During the past year the +professor of Aesthetics in the University, whose lectures are +proverbially wearisome, delivered his lectures (as usual) to a scanty +audience. There were five students in all, who, week by week, melted and +grew "beautifully less," until at last but one was left. This solitary +individual, however, seemed to concentrate in his own person all the +diligence, application, and punctuality of his frivolous fellows. At the +conclusion of the last lecture of the course the professor approached +him and praised him for these admirable qualities, and proceeded to +inquire of him, "What is your name, my young friend?" No answer. "What +country are you from?" Absolute silence. The matter was soon elucidated, +for it was discovered that the patient and persevering disciple was a +poor deaf mute, who had taken refuge from the severe cold of winter in +the warm lecture rooms of the University. + + + + +[Illustration] + +The following is extracted from "The Christian Leader":--At a Christmas +competition of blind readers which took place on Friday and Saturday, +21st and 22nd December, 1883, in the Mission Hall in Bath Street, +Glasgow, was found a blind deaf mute among the blind hearing +competitors. Educated when young in the Institution for the Deaf and +Dumb, he was able to do for himself until he lost his sight two or three +years ago. He had then to make use of his fingers in reading as well as +speaking; and in spite of the formidable difficulties in the way of his +learning the embossed type, he made a most creditable appearance on +Saturday and gained a special prize. The remark made by one of the +examiners when this man was reading will, we are sure, express the +thought of all who peruse these lines--"How thankful to God we ought to +be for the use of our faculties, and especially for this precious +blessing of sight!" This blind deaf mute is Mr. Daniel Hunter Ardrossan, +one of the members of the Ayrshire Deaf and Dumb Mission. + + + + +A DEAF MUTE'S HEROISM. + +[Illustration] + +About five o'clock on Sunday afternoon several gentlemen standing on +Vine Street Wharf witnessed an act which was highly commendable. Thomas +Hall, a lad of nine years, having strayed from his parents, was at play +upon the wharf mentioned, when his foot slipped and he was precipitated +into the strong tide of the Delaware. A deaf mute named Argus Cornish, +an eccentric genius, who does odd jobs along the wharves, and who, an +outcast himself, seems to take pleasurable pride in protecting others, +and has already saved several lives, although standing with his back to +the scene of accident, seemed, as his name implied, to have a hundred +eyes. Without any hesitation he stripped off his coat and shoes, and +plunging into the water, in a short time brought the boy safe to land. +Argus' heroism should not be overlooked.--_American Paper._ + + + + +THE RIGHT HON. W. E. GLADSTONE AND THE DEAF AND DUMB. + +Mr. Gladstone, on being presented with the freedom of the Worshipful +Company of Turners, gave an address from which the following is an +abstract:-- + +I went a few days ago to examine the collection of works prepared at +Messrs. Doulton's Pottery to be sent to the Exhibition at Philadelphia. +Those works were delightful for the eye to behold. They were also highly +satisfactory on the distinct ground that the price of production +appeared to be so moderate; but, most of all were they delightful to me, +because they were true products of the soil. There was a high faculty of +art as it seemed to me developed in the production of those works, and +that faculty of art had grown up in Lambeth. It was the Lambeth School +of Art from which Messrs. Doulton derived an abundant supply of workers +to whom they could intrust the preparation of those admirable objects. +Among the works I would mention one. It was a beautiful piece of work +produced by a youth who from his birth was both deaf and dumb. Now, +consider what it is to be deaf and dumb; what a cutting off of +resources; what a stinting of the means of training and improvement; and +then consider, notwithstanding this, how it was through an inborn +resolution in the centre of his being it was in the power of this lad to +make himself a producer of works that could command admiration on the +score of beauty, again showing how the energies, if rightly directed, +can be forthcoming when required. + + + + +A DEAF AND DUMB GIRL'S DREAM. + +(WRITTEN BY HERSELF.) + +I had a dream on the 26th of January. I was going for rolls, and going +back I met Gracie, a friend of mine, and she and I spoke quite well--we +were not deaf and dumb. A poor boy, very ragged, carried a basket with +some coloured glasses and stones, very bright, and some curious musical +instruments that I had never seen before. He walked behind us, and he +called to Gracie, and she turned to him, and he said to her that he +wanted her to buy many of them; that they were a penny each. We took +them up and looked at them, and they were very curious. She chose a +bright red one for a brooch, and bought it for a penny. Then he said to +me "Will you buy some?" But I did not want to be tempted to buy, and he +told me a great deal about its very beautiful sounds; that it was more +beautiful than all the others, and nothing could be more beautiful to +hear in this world, and he showed me how to play on it, and we heard +beautiful sounds. So I changed my mind, and wanted it very much, because +I could hear it. Then I saw a policeman come up to us because he heard +the beautiful music; and he laughed very much, and looked so very happy. +I said to the poor boy, "Thank you very much for your showing me how to +play on it." And he was very glad as he went away. Gracie went home, and +I went home, carrying my glass organ with me. + +The above appears to us specially interesting; it is a curious +circumstance that a deaf and dumb girl should seem to hear sound in her +sleep. + + + + +A DEAF AND DUMB COUNCILLOR. + +Kapotrine Moller, a Russian Councillor of State, son of General Moller, +and nephew of the tutor to the Grand Dukes Nicholas and Michael, has +just died at the age of eighty-three. He himself, his brother, and +sister were all born deaf and dumb. He was educated in the Deaf and Dumb +Institution in St. Petersburg, rapidly learnt to read, and showed such +ability that he was first admitted into the Imperial Chancery and +afterwards into the Council of State. + + + + +DEAF AND DUMB BOY AND HIS MOTHER. + +Zachariah was a deaf and dumb boy, thirteen years of age, who was being +educated in an Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, after an absence of +four years he went home to see his mother. When he entered her house, in +company with his benefactor, she was sitting in a state of intoxication, +which greatly affected him. He took his pencil, and thus attempted to +show her the evil and danger of such conduct, and gave her much good +advice. After retiring with his friend, at whose house he went to lodge, +his countenance became very sorrowful, and the tears trickled down his +cheeks. His friend asked him the occasion of all this, when he wrote +"that he was thinking if he got to heaven how sorry he should be not to +find his mother there." + + + + +SPEED OF MANUAL SPELLING. + +[Illustration: The Manual Alphabet] + +In reply to a question "What is the number of words a good hand speaker +can make or say in one minute?" A deaf mute says, "Take the average +number of letters per word of the English language as five; this is the +number decided upon by the Postal Telegraph department. The average of +the Bible is about 4-1/8." + +A good hand speaker can go through the alphabet ten times in one minute. +I have proved this by personally testing several deaf mutes. + +The pauses between words occupy the space of one letter each, so we must +deduct one sixth of the whole thus:-- + + Letters in alphabet 26 + Number of times spelt 10 + ___ + Total letters per minute 260 + Deduct about one sixth for pauses 45 + ___ + Average letters per minute 215÷5 + --- + Result 43 words per minute. + + + + +PORTOBELLO SWIMMING CLUB. + +On the mornings of Wednesday and Thursday the deep-diving medal of this +club was competed for by five members. The depth of water varied from 13 +to 18 feet. Mr. Robert Smith was very successful in recovering the +plates from the bottom, bringing up six on the first and two on the +second morning, with which number he secures first honours. The second +place was taken by Mr. J. Wallace James. Mr. Smith, the medallist, is +deaf and dumb.--_Scotsman_, Aug. 29th. + +[Illustration] + + + + +"DEAR TAMMAS." + +A poor old deaf man resided in Fife; he was visited by his minister +shortly after coming to his pulpit. The minister said he would often +call and see him; but time went on, and he did not visit him again until +two years after, when, happening to go through the street where the deaf +man was living, he saw his wife at the door, and could therefore do no +other than inquire for her husband. "Weel, Margaret, how is Tammas?" +"None the better o'you," was the curt reply. "How, how, Margaret," +inquired the minister. "Oh, ye promised twa years syne tae ca' and pray +once a fortnight wi' him, and hae ne'er darkened the door sin' syne." +"Weel, weel, Margaret, don't be so short! I thought it was not so very +necessary to call and pray with Tammas, for he is so deaf ye ken he +canna hear me." "But, sir," said the woman, with a rising dignity of +manner, "the Lord's no deaf!" And it is to be supposed the minister felt +the power of her reproach. + + + + +ROYAL SCOTTISH ACADEMY EXHIBITION FOR 1880. + +John S. Rennie Reid, a young Aberdeen lad, now resident in Edinburgh, +who, though labouring under the great disability of being deaf and dumb, +has for some years back been an enthusiastic art student, has succeeded +in procuring admission for three oil paintings, each of which gives good +indication of his deftness and skill in the delineation of nature, and +the ardour with which he has followed up his studies. "Hide and Seek" +represents some children playing at that game in a hay field. "Largo, +the Beach at Low Water" gives us a pretty coast scene, with figures on +the beach. "Baiting the Line" is a very effective study of a common +incident in fisher life. + + + + +IN DERBY POLICE COURT. + +[Illustration: PUPIL AS TAKEN FROM THE POLICE COURT.] + +A few years since the Head Master of the Deaf and Dumb Institution at +Derby was sent for, with a request that he would hasten to the police +court to see what could be done with a little deaf and dumb boy. The +sketch is a faithful picture of the little fellow as he stood in the +dock charged with stealing. The police, in giving their evidence, said +that many complaints had been made of the boy's conduct. One lady +complained of his illusing her dog, another a cat, and another killing +her bird; others that he was always throwing stones or stealing, and +that he had actually tried to upset a railway train. It appeared that +twice previously the boy had been taken up by the police, but owing to +his tender age nothing could be done with him. The Mayor, addressing the +Head Master of the Institution, said something must be done with the +boy; unfortunately he was getting worse and worse; the case was a very +sad one, the boy being deaf and dumb, but the public must be protected. +The other magistrates present concurred with the Mayor's remarks, and +after consulting with Mr. Bailey, J.P., Chairman of the Committee of the +Institution, who was on the bench at the time, the boy was sent direct +to the Institution, where food was given to him, after which his +photograph was taken. The sketch given on the previous page is copied +from it. The boy settled down, but not without giving considerable +trouble; it was not to be expected that a boy, though so tender in years +yet hardened in bad habits, should at once conform to the rules of the +Institution. The teachers were not, therefore, greatly surprised to find +him early one morning prowling in a quarter of the Institution to which +he had no proper means of access. From time to time his teachers had +difficulties to contend with not easy to describe. There has, however, +been a gradual improvement in the boy's life and character. The sketch +given above is from a photograph taken when the boy had been in the +Institution one year. + +[Illustration: THE SAME PUPIL AFTER ONE YEAR'S TRAINING.] + + + + +AN INTERVIEW WITH LAURA BRIDGMAN. + +[Illustration] + +We presume most of our readers will have read of Laura Bridgman, who is +without any perfect sense except that of touch. A correspondent of the +"Christian Union" gives an interesting account of an afternoon spent +with her, from which we make the following abstract:-- + +If any one supposes that by reason of her deprivation she is queer or +awkward in person or manners, he is altogether in error. There is +nothing at all singular in her appearance. When I entered the parlour, a +member of the family with whom she lives was playing on the piano, and +close behind her, on a low seat, there was a very slight, very erect, +quiet, self-possessed looking person, who seemed to be listening to the +music, while her hands were busy over some crocheting or some similar +work. She would have been taken for a guest who was fashioning some +pretty article whilst being entertained with music. The expression of +her face was bright and interested; and one watching her satisfied look +would have been slow to believe that she did not hear. The green shade +over her eyes indicated that she was one of the blind. She had on a +brown dress, a blue ribbon at the neck, a gold ring and chain, and a +watch or locket in her belt--a neatly attired, genteel, lady-like +person, looking about thirty-five (though her age is not far from +forty-four), with soft, brown hair, smooth and fine, a well shaped head, +fair complexion, and handsome features. That was Laura. As soon as she +learned that she had a visitor who knew people in the town where her +nearest kindred live, she came swiftly across the room, leaving her work +on the centre table as she passed it, and grasped my hand, laughing with +the eagerness of a child. Then she sat down face to face with the lady +who has charge of her, and commenced an animated conversation, by the +manual alphabet, easily understood by one who has practised it; but the +slight-of-hand by which the fingers of the friendly hostess, +manipulating on Laura's slender wrists, communicated with that living +consciousness shut in there without one perfect sense except of taste +and touch, was something mysterious, inscrutable to my duller sense. Yet +that the communication was definite, quick, missive, so to speak, +manifest enough, for Laura's face beamed, and she was all alert. Partly +by the letters and partly by signs she said a great deal to me. She +"ought to be at home to be company for mother," she said; and, once or +twice, she fashioned the word "Mamma" very distinctly with her lips. She +asked if I knew a member of her family now dead, and said "that was a +long year after Carl died." She seemed brimming over once with things to +tell me, and wanted me to know about her teaching some of the blind +girls to sew, which she takes great pride in, threading the needle, and +making her pupils pick out their work if it is not done nicely. She is a +good seamstress herself, does fancy work, and can run a sewing machine. +Next, she caught hold of my hand and led me up two flights of stairs to +her room to shew me her things; but the first movement was to take me to +the window, where she patted on the glass and signified that I should +see what a pleasant prospect there was from it. And there she, who had +never seen or heard, waited by my side in great content while I looked +and listened. Yet her face was radiant, and she stood there as if she +both saw and heard. I wish I could bring before all those who are +discontented with their lot, repining because God has withheld something +from them or taken something away, the cheerful face of this lady, who +has so little, but who accepts it as though she had all, who has never +seen a human countenance or heard a human voice, who in the infinite +glory and beauty of this outward world has no part, shut in by herself +in that silent, dark, unchanging, awful loneliness. Next she showed me +how springy her bed was. Then she took off my shawl, and showed me all +the pretty things and conveniences she had in her room, opening every +box and drawer, and displaying the contents. Her jet chain she laid +against her neck, her bows and collars and embroidered hand-kerchiefs +were taken up one by one, and deftly replaced in their proper +receptacles. Her writing materials, sewing implements, little +statuettes, trinkets, large Bible--I had to see them all. Lastly she +took out a sheet of paper, pressed it down on a French writing-board, +examined the point of the pencil, and wrote her autograph, "God is love +and truth. S. N. Bridgman." And then from her needle-case and spool-box +produced a cambric needle and fine cotton, and showed me how to thread a +needle, which was done by holding the eye against the tip of her tongue, +the exquisite nicety of touch in it guiding her to pass the thread +through. It was done in an instant, though it seemed impossible to do it +at all, and then she presented me the threaded needle triumphantly, +having secured it by slipping a knot. Going down to the parlour again, +she told me how kind it was in Dr. Howe to fit her up such a pretty +room; and then I must go into the school room, whither she led me by the +hand, and introduced me to several of her friends among the pupils, and +when I took my departure she would have the teacher go with me to the +door to tell me which car to take. + + + + +A DEAF AND DUMB BOY'S DEVOTION. + +[Illustration] + +Under the trees standing by the left bank of the Thames, and sheltered +from its waters by a mound of earth, is an old but comfortable +boathouse. A few roughly-hewn steps lead from the mound to the water's +edge, where some six or seven boats rock idly on the surface. Over the +door of this tottering mansion hangs a wooden board, with the words +"Timothy Gainsad" inscribed in large letters upon a black ground. A gush +of light and warmth issuing from the door guides the weary traveller to +a haven worthy of his choicest desires. Well can I remember the dark +outline of St. Paul's Cathedral, lifting its rounded dome in massive +grandeur to the skies, and the faint outline of the opposite bank +shining dimly in the distance. I remember, when a lad of seven, a rich +and influential lady coming down from Yorkshire to spend the winter +months in London. She brought with her a dumb boy attendant, whom she +had adopted and treated with the greatest kindness. One dark night she +hired a boat, and rowed out upon the river. Scarcely was she lost in the +river mist ere the flood gates of heaven were opened, the rain came down +in torrents, the waves dashed against our rude pier and threatened to +dislodge it, while now and then an occasional streak of lightning, +accompanied by a clap of thunder, lit up the dark surface of the river. +My friends had gone off in a boat in search of the lady, and I was alone +in the room. Seated on a stool by the side of a blazing fire, I was +reading an interesting novel, when the door was violently pushed, and +the dumb attendant of the young lady rushed in, seized a life belt from +the wall, and made for the door. I ran to intercept him; but guessing my +purpose, he raised the stool and brought it down with a crash upon my +head. I staggered back to the wall and fell, and he disappeared through +the door. With a reeling head I tottered to the door, and looked out +upon the river. "Great heavens!" I exclaimed, "he will be dashed to +pieces!" For there, revealed by a flash of lightning, was the dumb boy, +standing on the rail of the bridge, preparing to plunge into the surging +waters below. A short distance from the bridge was the boat occupied by +the terrified lady. It was fast sinking, and as he plunged from the +bridge it sank. I saw him come to the surface, stunned and bleeding; I +saw him raise the life-belt in his hand, and throw it to his mistress. +She caught it, and his face lit up with joy; then--he sank! His mistress +was saved, and some time after the dumb boy's lifeless body was washed +to the shore, and laid in an honourable grave. Over it stands a +beautiful angel of white marble, holding a scroll inscribed with these +words:--"Here lies Gustavus Arisild, who died in the surging waters of +the Thames to save his mistress." + + + + +THE DEAF MUTE'S FAITH. + +One day a minister's servant brought a subscription book and laid it on +his study table, saying, "A dumb man brought it, sir." On looking at the +book, a thought struck the minister that he should not let that dumb +man out of his house without seeking his soul's good. He invited the man +in, and after kneeling in prayer before the man, and putting a +subscription into his hand, the following conversation took place in +writing. The minister wrote: "My dear friend, have you found the Lord +Jesus Christ to be precious to your soul? Are you born again?" The dumb +man answered, "Yes, I understand what is meant by 'born of the Spirit,' +it means a 'new creature' in Jesus." The minister was not quite +satisfied with the answer, and therefore he asked, "When were you made a +'new creature,' and how?" He answered, "I was under the impression of +sin six years ago, but I prayed to God for Christ's sake to give me a +new heart, and I felt joy and peace in my mind. I prayed O Lord, have +mercy on me a poor sinner. I also read the Psalms of David." In order to +bring out distinctly whether he really arrived at scriptural peace, for +he feared that, after all, the dumb man's faith might turn out to be +only a vague and wavering confidence, the minister asked him again "If +God were to call you away this night, would your sins be brought against +you, and would you have to answer for them all?" He answered, "I trust +in God for Christ's sake, because Jesus died for me. All those who trust +in Jesus' precious blood are cleansed from all sin. He is mighty to +save." The minister then asked, "Was it through the instruction you got +at the Deaf and Dumb Institution that these good impressions were made +upon your mind?" He answered, "My teacher used to teach the Bible to all +deaf and dumb pupils, but I did not feel any grace from God till I was +afraid to meet God for sins; then I looked to Christ by faith and got +peace." The minister then asked, "Will you write a sentence for me to +read to poor sinners, from a dumb man that cannot speak?" He then wrote +as follows--words which he meant to be used by the reader:-- + + "O Lord, have mercy upon me a poor sinner!" + "O Jesus, save me from death and hell!" + "O Jesus, take me away to heaven and eternal bliss!" + "O Jesus, take care of me every day!" + +"Will you sign your name to all this?" then asked the minister. He +immediately complied with the request. We only give the initials J---- +G----. + + + + +DEAF, DUMB, AND BLIND. + +An examination of students who were deaf, dumb, and blind took place on +Washington Heights. The principal, Dr. Isaac L. Peet, gave various +interesting exhibitions of their skill and accomplishments. A blind, +deaf, and dumb boy, about fourteen years old, who had had less than a +year's instruction, was given an order to count out twenty crayons and +put them under a mat. The order was given by means of the sign language, +transmitted by feeling the motion of the hands of the person who +communicated with him. The order was correctly performed amid the +applause of the audience. A blind deaf mute also wrote several sentences +on a type-writer, and on another type-writer a deaf mute without hands +wrote by means of a stick inserted in his coat sleeve. + + + + +ORDINATION OF DEAF MUTES IN PHILADELPHIA, U.S.A. + +Nearly all the deaf mutes connected with the Protestant Episcopal Church +in this city assembled yesterday morning in the church of the Covenant, +to witness the ordination into the priesthood of two deaf and dumb men. +The ceremony had been long talked of among the deaf mutes, and as none +of this class of persons had ever before been ordained to this order in +the church in this country, there was a widespread desire among the +Episcopal community to be present at the ceremony. The church was well +filled when the exercises began. Owing to the length of the services, +the regular morning prayer was omitted, and after hymn 153 had been +sung, Rev. Thomas Gallaudet, D.D., Principal of the Deaf and Dumb +Institution in New York, who was to preach the sermon, was introduced. +Dr. Gallaudet prefaced his sermon by saying that when a deaf mute was +addressed, the words were not spelled out, but that the ideas were +represented by signs. Ideas about the intellect were conveyed by a sign +about the head, those relating to the sensibility by a motion near the +heart; in short, the sign language was as distinct and individual as the +English language. Rev. Mr. Chamberlain, of Iowa, stood up in the chancel +as Dr. Gallaudet began his sermon, and interpreted the sermon to the +deaf mutes who sat in a body near the front of the chancel. Dr. +Gallaudet sketched the progress of deaf mute education from the +establishment of the first school in Hartford by his father in 1817. As +illustrating the individuality of the sign language, he mentioned that +while he was in Brussels in August last he preached to a congregation of +about twenty deaf mutes, English, French, Belgian, and his sign language +was comprehended perfectly by all. "Sounds," he said, "are only outward +symbols of ideas, just as signs are." At the conclusion of the sermon, +Rev. Henry W. Syle and Rev. Arthur M. Mann were presented for +ordination, the former by Rev. Dr. Miller, and the latter by the Rev. +Dr. Atwell, of Toledo. Sitting within the chancel, one at each end of +the communion table, were Bishop Stevens and Bishop Bedwell, of Ohio, +while nine other clergymen surrounded them. Among them the placid +countenance and venerable form of Rev. W. H. Syle, father of one of the +candidates, was especially noticeable. Bishop Stevens then read the +exhortation, and it was interpreted by Dr. Gallaudet to the two +candidates, who stood in their robes at the chancel rail. Eagerly did +they watch the motions of the reverend gentleman as he conveyed to them +the words the Bishop was speaking. The Bishop then asked Mr. Syle the +questions laid down in the prayer book. As Dr. Gallaudet finished +interpreting each question, Mr. Syle handed a slip of paper on which was +written his answers, to Rev. Mr. Clere, of Phillipsburg, who read it +aloud. Rev. Mr. Mann then arose, and Bishop Bedwell stated that the +questions and answers would be interpreted. He asked the same questions +asked by Bishop Stevens, and Mr. Mann slowly communicated his answers, +using only his right hand in replying. The ceremony of laying on of +hands was then performed, Bishop Stevens and several others laying their +hands on Mr. Syle's head, and Bishop Bedwell performing that office for +Mr. Mann. The Sacrament of the Lord's Supper was then administered to +the newly ordained priests, and they were welcomed within the chancel +rail. A special invitation was given to the deaf mutes to commune +immediately after the clergy, and there were enough present to occupy +the long chancel rail twice. The sacrament was then administered to the +congregation, and the audience was dismissed with the benediction by +Bishop Bedwell. On Saturday, the second biennial session of workers +among the deaf mutes in the Episcopal Church was begun in St. Stephen's +Church. Rev. Dr. F. J. Clere, of Phillipsburg, was elected President, +and Rev. Mr. Syle secretary and treasurer of the conference. An address +of Bishop Howe, and papers by Messrs. Clere and Syle were interpreted to +the conference by Dr. Gallaudet.--_Philadelphia Inquirer_, 15th Oct., +1883. + + + + +PICTURES BY DEAF AND DUMB ARTISTS IN THE ROYAL ACADEMY, 1876. + + No. 1301. "Despatches." T. Davidson. + " 30. "Elter Water, Langdale." C. E. Emerson. + " 1235. "The late W. A. Langdale, Esq. + " 1247. "Portrait of a Lady." Mrs. North, deaf from girlhood. + + +WHAITE'S WATER COLOUR EXHIBITION, MANCHESTER. + +"The Staff of Life," by F. T. Tavarè, is a drawing worthy of Hunt for +its literal truth.--_Manchester Courier._ + +March 25th, 1876. + + + + +FAIRLY DONE. + +A good story is told of ex-governor Magottin, of Kentucky, who is a good +talker and likes to do most of the talking himself. Recently, in making +the journey from Cincinnati to Lexington, he shared his seat in the car +with a bright-eyed, pleasant-faced gentleman. The Governor, after a few +common-place remarks, to which his companion smiled and nodded assent, +branched into a description of the scenes that he had witnessed in +different parts of the country, grew eloquent over the war, described +with glowing speech the numerous horse races he had witnessed, talked +learnedly of breeding, and told thrilling stories of his battles with +the Indians in the North-West. The hours slipped rapidly away, and when +the train was nearing Lexington the two exchanged cards and parted with +a cordial shake of hands. The Governor drove to an inn, and to a number +of friends he remarked that the ride had never seemed so short before. +"Then you must have had pleasant company aboard." "You are right. I met +a gentleman of unusual intelligence. We conversed all the way over. I +never was brought in contact with a more agreeable man." "Indeed! Who +was he?" asked his friends. "Wait a minute; I have his card," and the +Governor felt in his pockets and produced the bit of pasteboard. "His +name is King." "Not Bob King?" shouted a dozen in one breath. "Yes, +gentlemen; Robert King--that is the way the card reads," was the proud +reply. A roar of laughter followed. "Why, Governor, Bob King is as deaf +as a post; he was born deaf and dumb!" + + + + +A NOVEL SITUATION. + +[Illustration] + +During the past year a gentleman had occasion to visit a certain city in +New England. He arrived at night, went directly to his accustomed hotel, +and to bed, slept soundly throughout the night, and in the morning +discovered his watch had stopped. When he opened the door of his room +another gentleman was taking in his boots on the other side of the +corridor, and of him our friend asked if he could tell him what time it +was. To his surprise, the gentleman took no notice whatever of the +question. He asked again, "Sir, will you be good enough to tell me what +time it is? My watch has stopped." No answer. The gentleman, without +looking up, shut his door and disappeared. At that moment two other +gentlemen came walking down the corridor, and Mr. X. asked of them the +same question. The two gentlemen, without looking to the right or left, +continued their walk without an answer or sign. "Well," thought Mr. X, +"this is very curious." However, he went back to his room. Presently the +bell rang for breakfast, and immediately a waiter entered the room, +seized him by the arm, and began a series of gesticulations. Mr. X. lost +his temper, and burst forth with "What in the name of goodness is the +matter?" when the waiter cried "Oh," and vanished, laughing. Mr. X. +began to think something was very wrong, but went down to breakfast. +When he entered the _salle a manger_, which commonly had a dozen or +twenty people at the tables, he found the hall filled with gentlemen in +black coats, all feeding gravely, and in silence. A waiter silently +beckoned him to a place, and when he was seated he said to his +neighbour--"Sir, will you be kind enough to tell what all this is +about?" No answer. The person, like Charlotte in Werter, went on eating +bread and butter. Our friend began to feel decidedly queer, and getting +out of his seat, went to the nearest waiter and piteously besought him, +for heaven's sake, to tell him what was the matter with the house. "Oh," +said the waiter, "don't you know? Why this is the Deaf and Dumb +Convention, which meets to-day at Hartford." + + + + +THE DEAF AND DUMB BOTH HEARD AND SPOKE. + +Vincent Ogden was recently charged with begging, under the pretence of +being deaf and dumb, at Launceston. P. C. Barrett said that he saw the +prisoner in the butcher's market. He was making signs, and pretending to +be deaf and dumb. He took him into custody, and after they arrived at +the police station asked him his name; he made no reply at first, but +subsequently said he was called William Ogden, that he was a native of +Manchester, and had just come out of Bodmin Gaol. Committed for two +months, with hard labour. + + + + +ENTERTAINMENT BY DEAF AND DUMB. + +The inhabitants of Mansfield had some most enjoyable meetings on Monday +last, when a number of the pupils from the Deaf and Dumb Institution at +Derby gave some very interesting illustrations of blackboard sketching, +including animals, birds, fishes, &c. In reply to the question asked by +one of the audience, "What have you come to Mansfield for?" A little +girl, amidst considerable laughter, wrote "To get money." The gentleman +then asked her what work she would like to do on leaving school? The +reply was "I would like to be a lady's servant."--_Mansfield Paper_, +1885. + + + + +LORD SEAFORTH. + +Lord Seaforth, who was born deaf and dumb, was to dine one day with Lord +Melville. Just before the time of the company's arrival, Lady Melville +sent into the drawing-room a lady of her acquaintance who could talk +with her fingers, that she might receive Lord Seaforth. Presently Lord +Guildford entered the room, and the lady, believing him to be Lord +Seaforth, began to spell on her fingers quickly. Lord Guildford did the +same, and they had been carrying on a conversation in this manner for +about ten minutes, when Lady Melville joined them. Her female friend +said, "Well, I have been talking away to this dumb man." "Dumb!" +exclaimed Lord Guildford, "Bless me, I thought you were dumb." + + + + +A "SUPPOSED" LUNATIC IN DERBY. + +[Illustration] + +At the Borough Police Court this morning, a man, who said his name was +"Jim," but from whom no further information could be obtained, was +charged with being a wandering lunatic. Sergeant Parker said that, at a +quarter-past one o'clock on Monday afternoon, his attention was called +to the prisoner, who was on the Midland Railway platform. He noticed +that the prisoner was wandering about in a strange manner. After making +enquiries, he had telegrams sent to Bath, the replies to which were to +the effect that the prisoner had been found wandering about the line +there greatly excited, that they did not consider he was right in his +mind, and that they had given him written directions to enable him to +obtain a ticket for Derby, which he succeeded in doing. He spoke to the +man, and thought he wanted to go to London; but when the London train +came in he could not prevail upon him to take a ticket. He had £1 8s. in +his possession, and also some tea, a razor, basket, and other articles; +but no letters or anything from which they could find out his address. +He took him to the police station, where the police surgeon examined him +on Monday night, and pronounced him to be of unsound mind. The doctor +promised to call again this morning, but had not yet done so. The Bench +remanded the man until the following morning, so that the police surgeon +might attend and give evidence.--_Derby Daily Telegraph._ + +The alleged lunatic,--the deaf and dumb man, whose only name was Jim, +and who had been charged with being a wandering lunatic, was again +brought up. Mr. W. R. Roe, head master of the Deaf and Dumb Institution, +said that he had been sent for, and that he had been communicating with +the prisoner by means of signs, and found that he was deaf and dumb, and +totally uneducated, but certainly of _sound_ mind. The police surgeon +again appeared, and said he had examined the man, and had come to the +conclusion that there was no indication of insanity about him. The +prisoner was discharged and handed over to Mr. Roe, who promised to take +care of him till something was heard from his friends.--_Derby Daily +Telegraph._ + +The man was kept at the Deaf and Dumb Institution for a few days, when +it was found that his friends were residing on the other side of Bath. +It transpired that the man had been on a visit to some friends at Bath +and could not make the authorities understand where he wanted to go, +hence the error in sending him to Derby.--W. R. R. + + + + +A CLEVER GYMNAST. + +Walter Stevens, a member of the British Mission to the Deaf and Dumb, +last year won the first prize for "all round performances" at the +Gymnasium of the Young Men's Christian Association. The prize consisted +of a very handsome gold and silver medals with silver buckle and strap. +He was successful in 1883 and 1884 in winning second prizes, but this +year he carried off in grand style the much-coveted first prize. His +performance on the horizontal bar was truly marvellous. + + + + +[Illustration] + +WILLIAM DE COURCY. + +This boy was educated at a Deaf and Dumb School. He was fond of +learning, and soon had many companions. One of the delights of his life +was visiting the farmyard which was attached to the Institution. William +had been taught to be kind to dumb animals. He watched the little birds +with much interest, and liked to feed them. There was one bird which +came daily to be fed which he used to call his own. He was eager for +religious instruction, and soon knew God made him, and that Jesus was +his best friend, and that sin was displeasing to God. He loved Jesus +much, and often signed about Him to his school fellows. After William +had been at school for some years he was taken seriously ill, and he was +asked if he were afraid to die? His reply was, "No, I know that God sent +His Son to save me." Shortly before he died his school mates signed to +him that Jesus was kind. William smiled, and then signed in answer, +"Yes, Jesus is kind," and shortly after fell asleep, his happy spirit +took its flight to that world where there are no deaf and dumb. + + + + +A DEAF AND DUMB SCULPTOR. + +There has just been placed outside St. Saviour's Church, for the Deaf +and Dumb, Oxford Street, London, a statue of "The Good Shepherd," which +has been entirely modelled and carved by Mr. Joseph Gawen, a deaf mute, +who was a pupil of the late Mr. Behnes, and an assistant of the late Mr. +Foley, R.A. The statue is pronounced by competent judges to be an +admirable work of art. He also executed a marble bust of the wife of Sir +G. E. Hodgkinson. Some years ago he produced a splendid model in +competition for the Wellington Memorial. + + + + +BUXTON. + +The Entertainments given on Tuesday in the Pavilion by Deaf and Dumb +children from the Institution at Derby drew large audiences. The +children looked bright and happy, and their personal appearance was a +sufficient indication that they were taken good care of at the +Institution. Mr. Roe gave some interesting illustrations of teaching the +dumb to speak on the oral system by placing the youngest girl on a chair +and explaining how sounds were produced. Mr. Roe asked various questions +as to names and objects orally, to which answers were instantly given in +the same way. The Institution at Derby is an excellent one, and the +Committee of management deserve the warmest thanks for what has already +been achieved, and we hope will be materially assisted in north +Derbyshire by all christian people who have at heart the welfare of an +afflicted class of society.--_Buxton Advertiser_, Sept., 1884. + + + + +[Illustration] + +One of Her Majesty's Inspectors of Schools recently visited the +Institution for the Deaf and Dumb at Derby, and says the children wrote +some texts which pertinently answered some questions on religion which +were given to them. In answer to the question "Who made the world?" a +little girl at once wrote on the blackboard "In the beginning God +created the heaven and earth." The second question was "Who are +sinners?" One of the boys wrote "All are sinners and have come short of +the glory of God." A little Irish girl was then asked "How do you hope +to be saved?" The child wrote "This is a faithful saying and worthy of +all acceptation that Christ came into the world to save sinners." In +answer to the question "What does the Bible say about the righteous?" a +little girl wrote "The righteous are as bold as a lion." The last +question proposed was "How can you show your love to Jesus?" when one of +the pupils at once wrote "He says if ye love me keep my commandments." + + + + +HER LATEST AND BEST. + +A little girl was admitted to a Deaf and Dumb Institution, and in due +course, before she had obtained a thorough knowledge of language, +learned "Little Jack Horner." Two nights afterwards, when the deaf and +dumb pupils were kneeling at prayer, they were surprised to see this +little girl kneel down and earnestly repeat "Little Jack Horner." It +might be said she was offering the latest and best thing she had. + +[Illustration] + + + + +THE LITTLE DEAF AND DUMB PREACHER. + +[Illustration] + +In a small town in Germany lived a locksmith and his wife, to whom God +had given one child, a girl, who rejoiced the hearts of her parents as +she grew up strong and happy. But the father longed for a son, and God +heard his prayer, and a boy was born to him. Now indeed there was joy in +the home; but their happiness was soon saddened, for the child was found +to be deaf and dumb. He was otherwise a beautiful boy, with large blue +eyes. What could they do for him but pray? + +"Ah, if only the Lord Jesus was here now," spoke the father once, "how +would I seek Him, and bring our child to Him; how would I pray Him to +lay His hand on our dear child, too, and give him hearing." + +"And I know He certainly would," the mother answered. + +"But the Lord Jesus is with us, though we see Him not; let us entreat +Him for our child." + +At length the boy was three years old. His eyes were full of +intelligence, and he seemed to understand everything around him. The +God-fearing habits of his parents had a great influence over him. At +family prayer the mother held the little one on her lap, his hands +clasped together, and when the father asked a blessing on their frugal +meal, the little child would also stand behind his stool, and would +never taste a morsel before it was asked. + +It was advised that the boy be placed under the care of a famous +physician in a neighbouring town. The father would leave untried nothing +possible for the welfare of his boy, and so very soon set out on his +journey. The sun was already set when they reached their destination. + +Then the father took the boy's hand, and they went together to a +relative's who lived in the town. But what a different home from that +which the boy had left: the relative did not believe in the Word of God, +but only thought of pleasure and doing according to his own wisdom. So +long as the father was with him the child was content. He would not move +from his side, and at night slept locked in his arms. But the father +could not stay long; pressing business compelled his return home. His +departure was very sorrowful for the child, and the father felt it no +less. + +At length the dinner time came. All was prepared, and the family +gathered round the table, and with a good appetite began the meal. But +the dumb child sat not; he stood behind his chair and waited. The others +told him to sit and eat, but he understood not. His lips were +speechless, but he made signs that they should pray. The people +understood him, but would not show they did. Then the child ran to each, +and, with a supplicating look, tried to clasp their hands together. A +feeling of shame came over them. They wished to quiet him, but dared +not try. Should they pray? They had never done it, but the child waited. +At length the wife stood up, then the husband, and then all the others, +for they did not know what else to do, and the wife prayed, with +trembling voice, "Lord Jesus, come to our meal and bless it, and grant +us Thy mercy." + +Thus did the dumb child become a holy messenger, and, though he was +speechless, witness for God where He was entirely forgotten. + +But how was it with the child? Was his coming so far any use? Was he +cured? No; the doctor could do nothing for him, and he remains +speechless still. But later he attended a deaf and dumb institution, +where he learnt reading, writing, and arithmetic, and many other useful +things. Above all, he has learnt to know for himself the Lord Jesus, and +to be resigned to the affliction God has laid upon him. He still lives, +and is a God-fearing young man, and the joy of his old parents. He has +learnt the trade of bookbinding, and can well support himself. Speaking +with his sister of the old times, he said in the deaf and dumb language, +smiling, "Ah, God has made me deaf and dumb that I should preach of the +holy Jesus." + + + + +A NAVAL CHEF D'EUVRE. + +[Illustration] + +Gervase Murray, a deaf and dumb young man, the son of a poor widow +living at Balbriggan, has just completed a miniature merchant ship, +which in mechanical structure, symmetrical build, and neatness of +finish, is not probably surpassed by anything of the kind to be seen in +Ireland. It has been minutely inspected by competent judges, who assert +that its _tout ensemble_ a more perfect piece of ingenious workmanship +they have never seen; nor could the most experienced ship carpenter do +more justice to the various compartments, appendages, and riggings than +has its mute architect, with but very indifferent apparatus--a penknife, +a file, and a bradawl being the principal instruments employed in the +work. It measures exactly six feet from the figure head to the helm, and +is precisely the same extent in height from the top of the mainmast to +the keel, the width being of proportional dimensions. The materials are +all of the best description, are tastefully polished or painted where +necessary, and are so exactly fitted in every part as to baffle the +detection of any conspicuous fault whatever. It is fully manned with a +crew of little wooden men, and officers in uniform, and completely +equipped with boats, capstan, blocks, hawsers, cables, davits, +cat-heads, bars, bolts, buckets, chocks, compasses, and even three brass +cannons; in short with everything that may be seen in a large ship. She +bears the significant name of "The Star of the Sea." Had he been able to +exhibit it, as he intended, at the late Dublin Exhibition, there is no +doubt that it would have attracted considerable attention, which perhaps +might have led to a substantial recognition of merit having been awarded +to a poor dumb youth, the chief support of his widowed mother, as a +well-deserved recompense for the patience and native talent displayed in +the construction of this tiny chef d'euvre of naval art, which must have +given him an immense amount of trouble and anxiety during the two years +he has been engaged in building it.--_Irish Journal._ + + + + +ALEXANDER FERGUSON, THE FAMOUS DEAF AND DUMB SWIMMER. + +[Illustration] + +Alexander Ferguson, a dock mason of Dundee, (though now in employment at +Irvine), has rescued forty-seven persons from drowning--one paper says +fifty-one--in the Tay, Forth, Clyde, Dee, Tyne, Mersey, Wear, Ayr, +Irwell, Calder, Humber, and other rivers in England, Scotland, and +Ireland. He is thirty-nine years of age, and made his first rescue when +about ten years old. We have before us accounts cut from the newspapers +and other publications, from which we give the following particulars of +some of the rescues and swimming feats:-- + +At Troon Dock. One Sunday a boy, who was playing with his companions at +the quay, missed his footing, and fell into the harbour. Alexander +Ferguson, observing the occurrence, pulled him out in a very exhausted +condition. A purse of £15 was presented to him. + +At Ayr Harbour. A boy named William M'Lean, aged 12 years, fell into the +water and was just disappearing when A. F. leaped into the water and +rescued him. + +At Androsan Harbour. A boy named Robert Bodman, aged 10 years. He was +rewarded with the sum of £16 by merchants and gentlemen. + +At Llanelly Harbour. A boy named Francis Cornwall, 10 years old. + +At Towey Dock. Richard Pearce, 11 years of age. + +In the Camperdown Dock, Dundee. Alexander Yule, 10 years of age. + +At King William Dock, Dundee. James Anderson, a bricklayer. + +At Devonport Dock. A girl named Victoria Napier, 10 years of age. + +At Dundee Pier. A boy named Alexander Robertson, 10 years old, for which +he received the rescue medal of the Forth Swimming Club and Humane +Society (1864.) + +At Falmouth Dock. Sarah Armstrong, 11 years of age. + +At Lime Dock. Oliver Markham, 7 years old. + +At Maldon Dock. A girl named Jessie Brown, 12 years of age. + +At Camperdown Dock. Mr. Alexander Doig, merchant of Forfar. + +At Swanage Dock. A girl named Catherine Bruce, aged 14 years. + +At Portcawl Dock. A boy named Albert Jones. + +At Exmouth Dock. A girl named Alexandrina Nelson, 14 years old. + +At Victoria Dock. A boy named Charles Blair, 8 years of age. + +At Alexandra Dock. Richard Harrison, 8 years old. + +At Earl Grey's Dock, Dundee. Peter Band, 8 years of age. + +At Teignmouth Dock. Edgar Thorpe, 8 years of age. + +At Alnwick Dock. Cæsar Franklin, 10 years old. + +A brave man. The last official act of the late Mayor of Great Yarmouth +was to present the silver medal of the Humane Society to Alexander +Ferguson, mason, of Dundee, for having saved the life of Charles Cullen, +a private in the 55th Regiment, who fell overboard the steamer "Juno" on +returning to Inverness. Ferguson dived and saved him, but ran great risk +of being drowned, Cullen having fallen under the paddle wheel, which was +in motion. + +Gallant rescue from drowning in the River Mersey, off Garston, near +Liverpool. On Thursday afternoon four young lads had an exceedingly +narrow escape from drowning in the ferry harbour; they were amusing +themselves with a boat, when they overbalanced and fell into the water; +this was noticed by Alexander Ferguson, mason, who was standing on the +jetty, and he, without divesting himself of any of his clothes, swam to +their rescue. Having succeeded in getting hold of three lads, he landed +them ashore, and then struck out for the other, who by this time had +almost disappeared, his hands only being visible above the water. +Ferguson landed him ashore also. After some time all the four were able +to walk home to Liverpool. A large crowd was on the jetty at the time, +and great excitement prevailed. Ferguson deserves great credit for the +courage and presence of mind he displayed, and it is believed that but +for his efforts the lads would have been drowned.--_Liverpool Mercury_, +1872. + + +GREAT SWIMMING FEATS. + +1. Fourteen miles down the river with the rapid ebb tide, from the +middle buoys opposite the Tay ferries to far buoy at the mouth of the +river Tay, in 5-1/2 hours (1859.) + +2. Across the Frith of Clyde from Carrought, Ayrshire, to Ailsa Rock; 8 +miles in 3 hours, through strong currents. + +3. Across the Frith of Forth, from Buckhaven, in Fifeshire, to North +Berwick; 18 miles in 7 hours (1862.) + +4. Across the Bay of Leece, from the Mull of Galloway Lighthouse to +Barrowhead; 10 miles in 4 hours. + +5. Across the mouth of Loch Ryan, from Ronmach, in Ayrshire, to Kirkcolm +Point in Gallowayshire; 4 miles in 2 hours. + +6. From John O'Groat's House to Stoma; 8 miles in 2-1/2 hours, through +dangerous currents (1873.) + +7. Across the strong-currented river to Cardell Point, on the east of +Cantyre, from Penrioch, on the coast of Arran; 11 miles in 3-1/2 hours +(1874.) + +8. Across the Frith of Clyde from West Kilbride, in Ayrshire, to Grombe, +on the east coast of Arran, a distance of 12-1/2 miles in 4-1/2 hours +(1874.) + +9. Across the Frith of the Clyde from Port Glasgow to Cardross; 9 miles +in 2-1/2 hours (1874.) + +In all these instances he was followed by persons in boats. + +We are informed that he has received presents for rescuing lives of the +value of £300, besides twenty suits of clothes, and has also won many +cups and other prizes in swimming and diving matches, and has also +received several gold and silver medals. + +Alexander Ferguson has on several occasions been present at the services +for the adult deaf and dumb held at the Institution at Derby. + +[Illustration] + + + + +A DEAF MUTE'S GRATITUDE. + +[Illustration] + +M. Felix Martin, an artist, deaf and dumb from his birth, has just +executed a group representing the Abbé de L'Epèe teaching a deaf and +dumb youth. He desires it to be placed in the Court of the Sourds et +Muets Institution at Paris, to which he gives it in recognition of the +debt of gratitude which he and his deaf mute brethren in misfortune owe +to the Abbé for their moral and intellectual emancipation. + + + + +SIR WALTER SCOTT ON THE DEAF & DUMB. + +Sir Walter Scott in his novel "Peveril of the Peak," uses the following +language as to the deaf and dumb of his day:--"All knowledge is gained +by communication, either with the dead through books, or more pleasingly +through the conversation of the living. The deaf and dumb above are +excluded from improvement, and surely their institution is not enviable +that we should imitate them." Aristotle considered the deaf and dumb as +incapable of acquiring knowledge; while St. Augustine insisted that they +could not be instructed in the holy faith of the Catholic Church. Could +the worthies come back to this world they would be slightly amazed at +the practical refutation of their prophecies. + + + + +UNEDUCATED. + +What would any of us be without education? By education, I mean not +book-learning only, but the training in good habits which is given in +well-ordered homes and schools. + +Can any one read the following true story of a deaf and dumb man without +feelings of the deepest pity for the poor fellow left untaught and +untrained, to wander at will over the wild though beautiful country of +his birth. Was he happy? Read the story, and judge for yourselves. + +A few years since an artist visited Ireland to sketch the wild and rocky +scenery for which parts of the coast are celebrated. One of the places +he went to was so poor and uncivilized that there was no house better +than a cabin to be found in the whole district. In a cabin, therefore, +he took up his abode. + +One day he was busily engaged sketching some high cliffs, at the bottom +of which the wild waves dashed in fury. His seat was in a position as +perilous as it was grand. + +Presently he observed a creature approach, whose appearance at first +puzzled him exceedingly. A nearer view showed him that it was a man +clothed in a goatskin, but with the gait and manners of one wholly +unused to civilized society. + +The artist thought that he was about to encounter an escaped lunatic, +and, although no coward, he confessed to a feeling somewhat akin to fear +passing through him as he looked down at the depths below, and +calculated how small a push might launch him into eternity. Then he +remembered something about the advantage of being civil to madmen, and +determined to try and ward off his impending fate by a show of +civility. Beckoning the poor creature to him, he commenced to talk to +him, to show him his drawings, and to offer him a share of his lunch. +The man made no reply, but apparently assured by the artist's manner +came up close, sat down beside him, and was soon deeply absorbed in +devouring his portion of the lunch and in admiring the pictures. Still +he never spoke, only uttered some unintelligible sounds. + +The artist congratulated himself on the success of his experiments; but, +nevertheless, he thought that on the whole "discretion was the better +part of valour," and after a little he got up and returned to his +lodging, the man following him at a distance. + +On arriving at the cabin he related his adventure, when the people +exclaimed, "Ah! it's only poor dummy!" and assured him the poor fellow +was perfectly harmless, but he was wholly untaught, had received no +training in a Deaf and Dumb Institution, and lived in this wild +neglected manner. He was never asked to work, but roamed about at will, +being fed by the neighbours, who would give bits to him as they would to +a dog. + +The artist was greatly touched by what he heard, and continued to be +kind to the poor deaf and dumb man, who, on his part, attached himself +to his patron in the most docile manner. Every morning he went to carry +the artist's drawing materials, waited on him during the day, and only +seemed too delighted if he could perform any little service for him. In +return the artist could only reward him by kind looks and a share of his +sandwiches. Once he offered him money, but it was received in such a +manner that showed plainly he did not understand its value. And the +neighbours said it was no use to give him money: _food_ was the only +thing he seemed to care for. + +At last the time came for the artist to return home. When it dawned upon +the poor deaf mute he was about to lose his friend, he set up the most +piteous wailing, and refused to be comforted, not even by the choicest +morsels of food. + +The artist, when relating it afterwards, said "that he was never more +moved in his life than to see this unfeigned sorrow, and to feel himself +unable (owing to the man not having been trained in a Deaf and Dumb +Institution) to convey one single idea of suggestive consolation." + + + + +TRADES OF THE DEAF & DUMB IN ENGLAND AND WALES. + +The following particulars showing the trades of the Deaf and Dumb are +taken from the last Government Census of 1883:-- + + FEMALES:-- + +315 domestic servants, 12 teachers of the deaf and dumb, 74 charwomen, +158 washing and bathing service, 22 bookbinders, 21 cloth manufacturers, +146 manufacturers of silk and cotton goods, 62 making lace, carpets or +trimmings, 580 milliners and dressmakers, 75 tailoresses, 28 straw hat +and bonnet makers, 99 seamstresses, 12 glove makers, 19 baby shoe +makers, 6 brush makers, 15 paper bag makers, 9 workers of porcelain, +&c., &c. + + MALES:-- + +24 artists (painters), 24 artists (engravers), 5 sculptors, 18 indoor +domestic servants, 37 gardeners, 28 commercial clerks, 28 messengers, 47 +engaged in harbour and dock service, 37 farming on own account, 3 farm +bailiffs, 463 agricultural labourers, 15 nurserymen, 13 grooms, 2 +veterinary surgeons, 2 gamekeepers, 40 bookbinders, 55 printers, 26 +lithographic printers, 26 engine fitters and machinists, 11 watch and +clock makers, 41 bricklayers, 137 carpenters and joiners, 61 masons, 99 +painters and paperhangers, 75 cabinet makers, 21 French polishers, 22 +wood carvers, 12 carvers and gilders, 12 coach-makers, 15 wheelwrights, +43 saddlers, 42 shipwrights and carpenters ashore, 5 innkeepers, +1 maltster, 5 brewers, 17 butchers, 19 bakers, 4 confectioners, 44 +worsted stuff and cloth makers, 344 tailors, 507 shoemakers, 23 pattern +makers, 10 hair dressers, 10 brush makers, 29 basket makers, 18 wood +turners, 23 coopers, 71 coal miners, 22 brickmakers, 22 workers of +porcelain, 29 glass makers, 11 jewellers, 55 blacksmiths, 65 iron and +steel manufacturers, 14 tin plate workers, 360 general labourers, 11 +engine drivers, stokers, &c., &c. + +There are in Great Britain and Ireland about 20,000 deaf mutes. + + + + +A WILL MADE BY PANTOMIME. + +The Supreme Court of Maine recently, after a six days trial, sustained +the will of Horatio N. Foster, who was deaf and dumb, seventy-six years +old, who could neither read, write, nor use the manual alphabet. The +will, which was made by pantomime, devised 7000 dols. Only one similar +case it is said was ever tried in the United States, and that was in +North Carolina. + + + + +A BRAVE DEFENDER. + +After reaching our encampment (at Jenin in Palestine) our dragoman told +us that the people of the village were so quarrelsome and thievish that +it was never safe to stop a night there without an extra guard, and he +had engaged the brother of the sheik of the village to occupy this +responsible post. This man was a great, tall, athletic-looking fellow, +but a deaf mute. While we were taking our dinner he came into our tent, +brandishing a revolver. He expressed to us by signs how safely we might +lie down and rest, because he (brave fellow as he was) by the aid of +that revolver would protect us from all harm. Directly after our +waiter--Dominicho--came in and informed us that the guard had borrowed +this revolver from our dragoman, Ali Solomon, but that he stood in +mortal dread of the weapon he had flourished before us so heroically; +that he refused to touch it till all the charges were withdrawn from it. +With such a champion for our defender what cause could there be for +fear?--_In Bible Lands._ + + + + +A DEAF AND DUMB LAWYER. + +Mr. Lowe, a gentleman who has been deaf and dumb from his infancy, will, +we understand, be called to the Bar by the Society of the Middle Temple +on Saturday next. He has had a good legal education, and is considered +very clever as a conveyancer.--_Brighton Gazette_, Nov., 1829. + + + + +A DEAF AND DUMB MAN ON THE BIBLE. + +The following remarks on the Bible were written by a deaf and dumb young +man 26 years of age:--"The Bible is more valuable than all other books +in the world. It is divided into two parts, the one called the Old +Testament and the other the New Testament. The former was written by +inspired men, directed by the Spirit of God; the latter contains the +news of the Gospel, written by the witnessing disciples while Christ was +on the earth. The Bible informs us of the guilt of sin, of the +punishment of the wicked, of the Saviour who died to save men from +dangerous destruction, of the way of forgiveness by Christ, of the +condescension of Him, of the mercy and love of Him, and of the happiness +which Christ has promised to His disciples. + +The Bible teaches us how to do good to others, how to help them in +distress, how to avoid temptation, how to love and obey God, how to pray +to God to keep us out of dangerous things, and pray to God for our +parents, for their children, and for our other friends. + +The Bible is a very precious gift from heaven, and contains many +precious truths, therefore we should reverence it. + + + + +UNEDUCATED DEAF MUTE'S IGNORANCE OF GOD. + +[Illustration] + +Vauncey Thompson wrote after having been under instruction in the Deaf +and Dumb School for six years:--"When I was at home, I knew one word, +'God,' but I did not know what it meant, nor how the world was made, and +my mind was very hard and uncultivated, resembling the ground that is +not ploughed, and I was perfectly ignorant. I thought then that my mind +would open when I was a man: but I was mistaken, it would not have +opened if I had not come to school to be taught; I would have been +ignorant and have known nothing that is proper, and no religion would +have come toward me. I must study my Bible till my life is departed, and +I hope God will please never forsake me." + + + + +DO THE DEAF & DUMB THINK THEMSELVES UNHAPPY? + +Two deaf and dumb scholars of the late Abbé Siccard were asked--Do the +deaf and dumb think themselves unhappy? The following is the answer of +Massien:--"No; because we seldom lament that which we never possessed, +or know we can never be in possession of; but should the deaf and dumb +become blind, they would think themselves very unhappy, because sight is +the finest, the most useful, and the most agreeable of all the senses. +Besides, we are amply indemnified for our misfortune by the signal +favour of expressing by gestures and by writing our ideas, our thoughts, +and our feelings, and likewise by being able to read books and +manuscripts." + +The following is the answer of Clerc, the other pupil, to the same +question:--"He who never had anything has never lost anything, and he +who never lost anything has nothing to regret; consequently, the deaf +and dumb who never heard or spoke, have never lost either hearing or +speech, therefore cannot lament either the one or the other. And he who +has nothing to lament cannot be unhappy; consequently the deaf and dumb +are not unhappy. Besides, it is a great consolation for them to be able +to replace hearing by writing, and speech by signs." + + + + +A DEAF MUTE'S IDEAS BEFORE INSTRUCTION. + +The following extract from the correspondence of a deaf and dumb pupil +with his teacher is a fair specimen of the natural condition of the deaf +and dumb before receiving instruction:-- + +"Before I came to school I thought that the stars were placed in the +firmament like grates of fire, and that the moon at night was like a +great furnace of fire; I did not know how the stars and moon and heavens +were made; but I supposed that the people, like us above the firmament, +kindled the moon and stars; and I did not know whether the heavens was +made by art or not. I thought the world little and round like a table, +and was always intending to go to the end of it." + + + + +OBSERVATIONS OF DEAF & DUMB CHILDREN. + +A gentleman called to see some little deaf and dumb girls who had been +present at a large meeting in aid of the Institution on the previous +day, when the gentleman asked, "What did you think of the great meeting +yesterday?" "I thought," replied a little girl of ten summers, "people +would give great money for deaf and dumb school." To another little girl +the question put was, "Did you observe any difference in the behaviour +of the people present at the meeting?" "I saw some smile, and I believe +some were fretting." "What do you think was the reason that some +fretted?" "I thought they fretted about the deaf and dumb and about +God." + + + + +A DEAF & DUMB BOY'S REMARKABLE DREAM. + +[Illustration] + +William Brennen, aged about fourteen and a-half years, having been +awakened from sleep, his first words were that he had been dreaming; and +when he got into the school-room he commenced writing upon his slate as +follows, assuring his teachers that he described exactly as he thought +he saw and heard in his dream, and from his character for truth there +was no doubt he did so: + +I was dreaming about God; that he sent Jesus Christ, who came into the +world from heaven. He was present with twelve men; they saw Him, and +were frightened. He said, "Will you love God, and why?" They said, "He +is the creator of all things; He saved us from our sin; He was walking +on the water; He made them to live on the water and on the land. He +spoke unto them, whose names are Disciples. I saw them by dreaming. + +He said unto me, "Will you love God, and why?" I said unto Him, "Because +He made me in a happy state and holy; he brought me to heaven from this +world." His face was luminous and beautiful; he had a long beard, his +hair was short and shining--I could not look at him. He wrote judgments +of mankind--some were very good. When they died he took some to heaven, +and some were sent to hell. His robe was very bright, like a cloud round +the sun. + +I could hear more than all the people in the world. I was more obedient +to God. There was not the sun, nor the moon, nor the stars. I saw +Addington--(one of his friends who had died lately)--who was in heaven. +He shook hands with me. He was more tall than you. + +I saw Adam and Eve: God made him by His word. He made him of the dust of +the earth. He breathed into his nostrils the breath of life. God said, +"Thy name is Adam." He took a rib of the man whilst he slept; he made +woman by taking the rib from a man. Her name was Eve. He made them in a +happy state and holy. He made a garden of Eden. He sent them to live in +the garden. God said, "Thou shalt not eat of the fruit of the tree of +knowledge." + +I saw God making the world and all things. First the world, firmament, +sun, moon, stars, land and water. God made the water with His breath, He +gave it into the world. He made the sun, moon, stars very quickly with +his word. He made the sun of part of the earth, from the world, and the +moon of a little part from the sun, and the stars of a very little part +from the moon. He did not make anything with His hands, but by His word. + +I saw the world before the sun was made--it was all earth. He made +Europe, Africa--all! and with His breath He made the sea. (Here his +action was remarkable. He drew on his slate the continent and islands, +blew with his breath with scarce any motion of his lips, and showed that +the waters instantaneously flowed through their channels, and the seas +were formed.) God made the firmament by His word; it is like silk paper, +it is all round the world: there is water over it and clouds under it, +and the sun shines through it, and the moon, and the stars. (Here he +described by gestures the motions of the earth, the sun, and moon, and +that there were countless stars, larger much than the sun; that there +was no axle on which the world moved, nor anything to keep it up like a +cord, but that it was moved and upheld by the breath of the Almighty.) + +There were many angels with him. + +He had not a loud voice, and his eyes see the sun before him and behind +him. + +He spoke very kindly to me; I saw many spirits in heaven; they were +worshipping God and obedient to God; they did not speak; they listened +to God and were obedient to Him; and God was often speaking to them; and +they loved Him. He was commanding them to look at evil and right things +in the world, and they were very bright like clouds; thou couldst not +see them, because they were invisible. + +Angels are often in the world; they are always present with us, and in +every place, separating the people's hearts, good from bad. God tells +them to separate the good from the bad; and they are always soaring with +their wings. Their wings have not feathers; they are like the clouds. +The angels are soaring always, and standing on the air and the clouds; +they never are flapping with their wings; they are never tired, nor +sleepy, nor hungry, nor thirsty, nor eating, nor laughing, nor smiling; +I saw some more crying a little, because the people have sin _from +them_. They are very beautiful like the sun. God is more bright than an +angel. They can walk on everything in heaven and in the world, and in +hell they are not burned. God was sitting on the clouds, and on the air, +and on the water. He is still, quiet; He never laughs. (His gestures +here were striking in an astonishing degree, and his whole mind seemed +overcome, with a sense of the Divine greatness and glory.) God was very +kind to the angels, more than all the world. + + + + +THE SCRIPTURES AND THE STATE OF THE DEAF AND DUMB. + +"Open thy mouth for the dumb in the cause of all such as are appointed +to destruction. + +"Open thy mouth, judge righteously, and plead the cause of the poor and +needy."--Prov. xxxi. 8, 9. + +"Now therefore go, and I will be with thy mouth, and teach thee what +thou shalt say. + +"And the Lord said unto him, Who hath made man's mouth? or who maketh +the dumb, or deaf, or seeing, or the blind? have not I the +Lord?"--Exodus iv. 12, 11. + +"But when that which is perfect is come, then that which is in part +shall be done away."--I Cor. xiii. 10. + +"But I, as a deaf man, heard not; and I was as a dumb man that openeth +not his mouth."--Psalm xxxviii. 13. + +"All things are full of labour; man cannot utter it; the eye is not +satisfied with seeing nor the ear filled with hearing."--Ecclesiastes i. 8. + +"And he said unto them, Go ye into all the world and preach the gospel +to every creature."--Mark xvi. 15. + +"And how shall they preach except they be sent? as it is written, how +beautiful are the feet of them that preach the gospel of peace, and +bring glad tidings of good things."--Romans x. 15. + +"And in that day shall the deaf hear the words of the book, and the eyes +of the blind shall see out of obscurity, and out of darkness."--Isaiah +xxix. 18. + +"Then the eyes of the blind shall be opened, and the ears of the deaf +shall be unstopped. + +"Then shall the lame man leap as an hart, and the tongue of the dumb +sing; for in the wilderness shall waters break out, and streams in the +desert."--Isaiah xxxv. 5, 6. + +"But as it is written, To whom he was not spoken of, they shall see; and +they that have not heard shall understand."--Romans xv. 21. + +"This is a faithful saying, and worthy of all acceptation, that Christ +Jesus came into the world to save sinners, of whom I am the chief."--I +Timothy i. 15. + +"As they went out, behold, they brought to him a dumb man possessed with +a devil. + +"And when the devil was cast out, the dumb spake; and the multitudes +marvelled, saying, It was never so seen in Israel."--Matt. ix. 32, 33. + +"Now when John had heard in the prison the works of Christ, he sent two +of his disciples, + +"And said unto him, Art thou he that should come or look we for another? + +"Jesus answered and said unto them, Go and shew John again those things +which ye do hear and see: + +"The blind receive their sight, and the lame walk, the lepers are +cleansed, and the deaf hear, the dead are raised up, and the poor have +the gospel preached to them. + +"And blessed is he whosoever shall not be offended in me."--Matt. xi. +2-6. + +"Then was brought unto him one possessed with a devil, blind and dumb; +and he healed him, insomuch that the blind and dumb both spake and +saw."--Matt. xii. 22, 23. + +"And great multitudes came unto him, having with them those that were +lame, blind, dumb, maimed, and many others, and cast them down at Jesus +feet; and he healed them; insomuch that the multitude wondered, when +they saw the dumb to speak, the maimed to be whole, the lame to walk, +and the blind to see; and they glorified the God of Israel."--Matt. xv. +30, 31. + +"And one of the multitude answered and said, Master, I have brought unto +thee my son, which hath a dumb spirit: + +"And wheresoever he taketh him, he teareth him; and he foameth, and +gnasheth with his teeth, and pineth away; and I spake to thy disciples +that they should cast him out, and they could not. + +"He answereth him, and saith, O faithless generation, how long shall I +be with you? how long shall I suffer you? bring him unto me. + +"And they brought him unto him; and when he saw him, straightway the +spirit tare him; and he fell on the ground, and wallowed foaming. + +"And he asked his father, How long is it ago since this came unto him? +And he said, Of a child. + +"And often it hath cast him into the fire, and into the waters to +destroy him; but if thou canst do anything, have compassion on us, and +help us. + +"Jesus said unto him, If thou canst believe, all things are possible to +him that believeth. + +"And straightway the father of the child cried out, and said with tears, +Lord, I believe; help thou mine unbelief. + +"When Jesus saw that the people came running together, he rebuked the +foul spirit, saying unto him, Thou deaf and dumb spirit, I charge thee, +come out of him, and enter no more into him. + +"And the spirit cried, and rent him sore, and came out of him; and he +was as one dead; insomuch that many said, He is dead. + +"But Jesus took him by the hand, and lifted him up; and he arose."--Mark +ix. 17-27. + +"And they bring unto him one that was deaf, and had an impediment in his +speech; and they beseech him to put his hand upon him. + +"And he took him aside from the multitude, and put his fingers into his +ears, and he spit, and touched his tongue; + +"And looking up to heaven, he sighed, and saith unto him, Ephphatha, +that is, be opened. + +"And straightway his ears were opened, and the string of his tongue was +loosed, and he spake plain. + +"And he charged them that they should tell no man; but the more he +charged them, so much the more a great deal they published it; + +"And were beyond measure astonished, saying, He hath done all things +well; he maketh both the deaf to hear, and the dumb to speak."--Mark +vii. 32-37. + + + + +UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. + +The Tenth Census Report of the U. S. of America for 1880 contains some +interesting statistics of the deaf and dumb, and apparently show a +considerable increase as compared with the whole population. + + 1850. 1860. 1870. 1880. + + Total population 23,191,876 31,443,321 38,558,371 50,155,783 + + Deaf Mutes 9,803 12,821 16,205 38,878 + + No. of Deaf Mutes in each + million of population 423 408 420 675 + +Out of 33,878 there were 18,567 males and 15,311 females. The number of +native deaf mutes was 30,507, and foreign 3,721. White, 30,661; +coloured, 3,217, including 3 Chinese and 37 Indians. + + + + +CAUSES OF DEAF-MUTISM. + +The intermarriage of blood-relations is doubtless one cause. In one +school for the deaf and dumb 25 per cent., in another 20 per cent., and +in others 15 per cent. of the pupils are said to be the off-spring of +marriages between blood-relations. + +Davy mentions the following case observed by Menière:--A married couple, +being cousins, who enjoyed excellent health, had eight children, of whom +four were born deaf mutes, another was idiotic, another died when five +years of age, and two others suffered from absolute deafness, which only +made its appearance later on. + +In the Institution at Derby there are three sisters, and also a younger +sister at home, all born deaf and dumb, the parents being own cousins. +On the other hand, there are at the same Institution several children +having deaf and dumb brothers or sisters, where no relationship exists +between the parents, notably one family, in which both parents are +healthy, and in which there are four deaf and dumb children. In the same +county there are other cases of three, four, and even six in a family, +yet there has been no relationship between the parents. In addition to +the born deaf, measles, bronchitis, typhus, scarletina, and other +diseases are the causes of deafness, and consequently dumbness. + +Cases are known to have resulted from lightning, fright, boxing on the +ears, and where young children have been allowed to fall on the head, +etc. + +Damp houses are said to be a cause of deafness. In Paris among eight +children born in a family, five were born deaf, and these had all been +born in a damp house. The family who had previously lived in the same +house had three children, among whom were two born deaf and dumb. It is +sometimes said that certain unhealthy trades in which the parent or +parents are engaged are responsible for some of these cases, but the +only complete statistics are those of Nassau, the results of which are +as follows:-- + + Among 27 Pipe-makers 3 deaf mute children, + therefore 1 deaf mute to 9.0 + " 146 Stonemasons 4 " " " 36.5 + " 186 Brass-founders 5 " " " 37.2 + " 106 Potters 2 " " " 53.0 + " 590 Carpenters 8 " " " 73.7 + " 176 Earthenware-makers 2 " " " 88.0 + " 381 Sailors 3 " " " 127.0 + " 1,716 Bricklayers 11 " " " 156.0 + " 1,309 Smiths 7 " " " 187.0 + " 374 Vat-coopers 2 " " " 187.0 + " 1,894 Tailors 10 " " " 189.4 + " 2,911 Shoemakers 15 " " " 194.0 + " 1,614 Joiners 8 " " " 201.7 + " 2,006 Vinters 9 " " " 222.8 + " 514 Coopers 2 " " " 257.0 + " 1,380 Bakers 5 " " " 276.0 + " 49,201 Farmers 104 " " " 473.1 + " 18,211 Labourers 24 " " " 758.8 + +Meckel says that in the families of tradespeople, who are constantly +exposed to a damp unhealthy atmosphere or other injurious influences, +deaf-mutism occurs most frequently. Moreover, Meckel has found that +deaf-mutism is more frequently met with in flour-mills than elsewhere. +Among 990 millers in Nassau, there were found eight deaf mutes, or one +deaf mute to 123.7. + +[Illustration] + + + + +A DEAF AND DUMB BOY NOT AFRAID TO DIE. + +Bernard Grimshaw, a little deaf and dumb boy, lay seriously ill in the +sick ward of an Institution, and was asked, "Would you be afraid to +die?" "No! because Christ has taken away the sting of death, if we +believe in Him that He died for us; and we should not be afraid of +death, if we believe in Him that He died for us; and we should not be +afraid of death because He has promised to give eternal life to all +believers." + +"What do you consider the best thing you have been taught, since coming +to the Deaf and Dumb Institution?" "I have learned about God and His +beloved Son Jesus Christ, and the Bible. That is best." + + + + +A DEAF AND DUMB SEXTON ROBBED. + +George E. Fischer, the deaf and dumb sexton of the St. Mary's Avenue +Congregational Church, put out the lights and started for his boarding +house at 10 o'clock at night. He had gone but a short distance from the +church when he was pounced upon by unknown persons, who approached from +behind and knocked him down. After striking him another blow the fellow +went through his pockets, taking every cent he had. Fischer is a +hard-working man, but is in poor health, and will feel the loss +heavily.--_Omaha World, May 24th, 1886._ + + + + +ACUTENESS OF EDUCATED DEAF MUTES. + +One evening the senior class of girls and boys in a School for the deaf +and dumb were invited to put any questions they wished to the Teacher; +amongst others, the following (which show considerable acuteness and +reflection) were proposed to him:--Who made God? Were there any angels +before the world was made? Before the world was made, how was God +eternal? Do you know, are there houses in the moon which people inhabit? +Do you think the dwellers in the moon have got the sin as well as +ourselves? Will there be a new world when this is burnt up? How do you +know the scriptures to be the word of God? Do the angels know when the +last day will come? + + + + +A RUSSIAN DEAF AND DUMB YOUTH'S REPLY. + +A young Russian, of great talents, though deaf and dumb, who had been to +a Deaf and Dumb Institution to be taught, with a view to become the +master of a similar Institution in Russia, was asked the difference +between intelligence and discernment? He said "Intelligence is a +faculty, by which we distinguish good and evil, what is useful and what +hurtful. I think discernment is the faculty of distinguishing the +greater and less degrees of good and evil." + + + + +[Illustration] + +THE AGE OF DEAF MUTES. + +The question is frequently asked, "Is there a greater mortality among +the deaf mutes than there is among the total population?" + +The statistics so far published, on the whole, show a somewhat greater +mortality among the deaf and dumb than that among the total population. + +It may, however, be stated that the deaf and dumb having to labour under +greater difficulties, generally succumb more easily in the struggle for +existence than their more favoured fellow-creatures. + +In Bavaria, in 1871, there were 4,348 deaf mutes; 557 of these were +between 31 and 40 years of age; 556 between 41 and 50; and 852 were 50 +years and upwards. In Prussia there were 23,579; of these 3,057 were +between 31 and 40 years of age; 2,540 between 41 and 50; and 3,609 were +50 years and upwards. In 1883, the North Midland Counties of England had +705 deaf and dumb: 148 of these were under 5 years of age; 83 were 15 +years; 81 were 20 years; 227 were 25 years; 127 were 45 years; and 39 +were 65 years and upwards. + + + + +DEAF MUTES IN THE TOWN AND COUNTRY. + +Wilhelmi tried to ascertain by means of his statistics in what +proportion deaf mutism occurred in towns and in the country, and found +that it preponderated in the country. + + --------------------------------+------------+-------------------- + | Deaf Mutes.| Deaf Mutes among + | | 10,000 Inhabitants. + --------------------------------+------------+-------------------- + In Magdeburgh { In the Towns | 181 | 5.2 + { In the Country | 338 | 6.7 + In Erfurt { In the Towns | 81 | 5.4 + { In the Country | 186 | 8.5 + In Pomerania { In the Towns | 378 | 8.3 + { In the Country | 1259 | 12.8 + --------------------------------+------------+-------------------- + + + + +COMPARATIVE NUMBERS OF THE SEXES OF DEAF MUTES. + +In all countries where statistics have been compiled, the number of male +deaf mutes exceeds that of the female. In 1871 there were in Prussia +12,736 male and 10,843 female deaf mutes. In England and Wales in 1883 +there were 4,408 male and 3,280 female deaf mutes. In Staffordshire 264 +males and 217 females. In Leicestershire 64 males and 50 females. In +Lincolnshire 112 males and 93 females. In Nottinghamshire 96 males and +75 females; and in Derbyshire 121 males and 88 females. + + + + +PROBABLE NUMBERS OF THE DEAF & DUMB. + +There is an increasing desire on the part of the various Governments of +the world to give information likely to be useful to the instructors of +the deaf and dumb, but it has been proved beyond doubt that the Census +returns in many cases are not altogether reliable, the numbers being +considerably understated. The following Table by Hartman, compiled from +the various census returns, shows the per centage to the population:-- + + EUROPEAN COUNTRIES. + -----------------------+---------+------------+---------+------------- + | Date of | Total | No. of | Deaf Mutes + | Statis- | Population.| Deaf | among 10,000 + | tics. | | Mutes. | Inhabitants. + -----------------------+---------+------------+---------+------------- + 1 Germany | 1877 | 39,862,133 | 38,489 | 9.66 + 2 France | 1872 | 36,102,921 | 22,610 | 6.26 + 3 Great Britain | | | | + and Ireland | 1871 | 31,631,212 | 18,152 | 5.70 + 4 Italy | 1871 | 26,413,132 | 19,385 | 7.34 + 5 Austria | 1869 | 20,394,980 | 19,701 | 9.66 + 6 Hungary | 1870 | 15,417,327 | 20,699 | 13.43 + 7 Spain | 1860 | 15,658,531 | 10,905 | 6.96 + 8 Belgium | 1858 | 4,529,560 | 1,989 | 4.39 + 9 Netherlands | 1869 | 3,575,080 | 1,119 | 3.35 + 10 Sweden | 1870 | 4,168,525 | 4,266 | 10.23 + 11 Norway | 1865 | 1,701,756 | 1,569 | 9.22 + 12 Switzerland | 1870 | 2,669,147 | 6,544 | 24.52 + 13 Denmark | 1870 | 1,864,496 | 1,156 | 6.20 + -----------------------+---------+------------+---------+------------- + + NON EUROPEAN COUNTRIES. + -----------------------+---------+------------+---------+------------- + 1 United States of | | | | + America | 1870 | 38,558,371 | 16,205 | 4.20 + 2 Argentine Republic | 1870 | 1,743,199 | 6,626 | 38.07 + 3 British Colonies | | | | + in N. America | 1871 | 583,535 | 470 | 8.05 + 4 In the West Indies | 1871 | 905,730 | 690 | 7.62 + 5 In Africa | 1871 | 330,460 | 529 | 16.01 + 6 In Australia | 1871 | 305,730 | 56 | 1.83 + -----------------------+---------+------------+---------+------------- + +In Prussia (1875) the Census showed a population of 24,604,351, the +number of the deaf and dumb being 24,315, or 9.9 to 10,000 of the +population. In India there are, it is said, over 200,000 deaf mutes. The +total number in the world is supposed to be over 700,000. + + + + +KING GEORGE IV. & THE DEAF & DUMB BOY. + +When King George IV. visited Ireland a deaf and dumb boy determined to +send a letter to His Majesty. The following extracts taken from this +characteristic letter will be interesting: + + "Wednesday, 4th July, 1821. + + "My dear George,--I hope I will see you when you come here to + see the deaf and dumb boys and girls; I am very sorry that you + never did come here to see them. + + "I will be very glad to see you, if you will come here often to + see me. Did you ever see the deaf and dumb in London? You must + write a letter to me soon. Would you like to see me at + Claremont? I could not go to London, because there is too much + money to pay to the captain of a ship for me. + + "Do you know Grammar, Geography, Bible, Arithmetic, Astronomy, + and Dictionary? I know them very little. I am very delighted + that I am improving much. Perhaps I will be an assistant of the + Deaf and Dumb School. Where were you born? Would you like to + correspond with me? I would be very fond of you. You ought to + write a long letter to me soon. What profession are you of? I + never saw you; I am very, very anxious to see you indeed, and + would like to see the King of England very much. + + "Will you send us some deaf and dumb children, and give us + money to pay for educating them. + + "I am, your affectionate friend, + "THOMAS COLLINS." + +The answer was as follows:-- + + "To Thomas Collins, Deaf and Dumb Institution, Claremont, + Glasnevin, near Dublin. + + "Sir Benjamin Bloomfield is commanded by the King to present to + Thomas Collins ten pounds for being a good boy." + + "Phoenix Park, 3rd Sep., 1821." + +With these ten pounds the boy was afterwards apprenticed to a printer. + + + + +POOR SAM TRANTER. + +The lot of the _uneducated_ deaf and dumb in this world is a pitiable +one, and their isolation is keenly felt. Often have we seen some of this +portion of suffering humanity unable to plead for themselves, or tell +their tale of woe or hardship. Such was the condition of poor Sam +Tranter. Though Sam was never in a Deaf and Dumb Institution, his skill +and plans for worldly prospects were extraordinary. In his boyhood he +was left friendless and uncared for, but persuaded a shoemaker to give +him work, at which poor Sam was fairly successful; owing, however, to +the man's ill treatment he had to leave, and, to save himself from +starving, went in the workhouse. After a brief stay he again went forth +to try his hand as a shoeblack, and after various attempts to shift for +himself, he began to master difficulties by wonderful energy and +perseverance, and there is no doubt had the poor fellow been properly +taught in a Deaf and Dumb Institution, he would have risen in life. +After a time Sam commenced selling cockles, mussels, and oysters. + +From a small beginning he increased, and in course of time he took a +shop, and employed five women, at which he said he had made as much as +£20 some weeks. Owing, however, to his lack of education, the poor +fellow was continually robbed, and eventually got into trouble through +debt, and was worried with summonses; hence his failure as a cockle and +oyster merchant. He then took a stall, and afterwards a shop for the +sale of gingerbread, &c.; this was also doomed to failure. He then tried +street-hawking with a barrow, to keep himself from the workhouse; but +this also failed, and his barrow was seized for debt. + +Poor Sam was again penniless, friendless, and homeless, which compelled +him once more to seek refuge in the Union, where he afterwards died +after great suffering, at the age of 60 years. His remains were followed +to the grave by a few deaf and dumb friends. Poor Sam might have said +with David "Whilst I would do good evil is present with me." + +[Illustration] + + + + +FAITH COMETH BY HEARING. + +A deaf and dumb Lady said that the first time she went to church after +she was impressed with the truths of christianity, she saw over the +pulpit the words "Faith cometh by hearing," which caused her great +unhappiness; for, she thought, that as she had no hearing she could +never have faith. Shortly after, however, she saw this text in the +Bible, and observed that it was followed by "and hearing by the Word of +God," which gave her so much delight, as shewing her a way in which it +was possible for faith to come even to her, that she clasped the Bible +to her heart. + + + + +MASSIEU. + +One of the best educated and most distinguished deaf mutes was Massieu, +who gave the following remarkable replies to questions put to him by +various friends:-- + +"What is hearing?" "Hearing," said he, "is auricular sight." Another +party asked him whether he made any distinction between a conqueror and +a hero? "Arms and soldiers made a conqueror; courage of heart a hero. +Julius Caesar was the hero of the Romans; Napoleon the hero of Europe," +was the answer he wrote on the blackboard, without hesitation. + +In reply to the following questions, he instantly wrote answers. "What +is hope?" "Hope is the blossom of happiness." "What is happiness?" +"Happiness is pleasure that ceaseth not; and misfortune is grief that +endeth not." "What is the difference between hope and desire?" "Desire +is a tree in leaf; hope is a tree in flower; and enjoyment is a tree in +fruit." Another pupil standing by wrote, in reply to the same question, +"Desire is the inclination of the heart; hope is a confidence of the +mind." A stranger asked Massieu, "What difference do you think there is +between God and nature?" His reply was "God is the first maker, the +Creator of all things. The first beings all came out of His divine +breast; He has said to the first beings, ye shall make the second; to +the second ye shall make the third beings; His wills are laws; His laws +are nature." + +"What is time?" "A line that has two ends, a path that begins in the +cradle and ends in the tomb." "What is eternity?" "A day without +yesterday or to-morrow, a line that has no end." "What is God?" "The +necessary being, the sun of eternity, the mechanist of nature, the eye +of justice, the watch-maker of the universe, the soul of the world." The +deceptive and acute question, "Does God reason?" was put to him, it is +said, by Sir James Macintosh, Massieu at once wrote, "Man reasons +because he doubts; he deliberates, he decides; God is omniscient; He +knows all things; He never doubts; He therefore never reasons." + +Lucien Buonaparte once asked Massieu, "What is laziness or idleness?" +"It is a disgust from useful occupation; a disinclination to do +anything; from which result indigence, want of cleanliness and misery, +disease of body and the contempt of others." In writing this answer the +gestures and looks of Massieu were in perfect accordance with the ideas +that might be supposed to exist with him and the words he was writing. +When he had finished the last word he turned round, and then his whole +person, with his countenance and his eyes, exhibited one of the justest +pantomimic representations of laziness which it is possible to conceive. +After he had a moment dwelt upon this personification, which his fancy +suggested to him, he made an expressive transition to the looks and +manners of a person filled with that dread and abhorrence which the idea +of laziness should ever inspire. + +[Illustration] + + + + +GRACE ANNABLE. + +Grace Annable was deaf, dumb, and blind, and although her form and +features were well proportioned, she was a great sufferer from +constitutional weakness; yet her temper was mild and affectionate. +Strange to say, Grace was a capital nurse, and was much attached to +several very young children, some being mere babies; in order to +ascertain whether they were crying, she would pass her hand most +carefully over the mouth and eyes, and soothe their little distresses +with all the care and success of a talkative nurse. Grace was fond of +fruit, and would beat the pears and apples from the trees, and could +select the best with as much judgment as if she had been possessed with +the sense of sight. + +[Illustration] + +She frequently went in a field to gather wild flowers, to which she was +directed by the pleasantness of their odour. Her sense of smelling was +remarkably exquisite, and appeared to be an additional guide to her +fingers. Grace would feel and admire ornaments, etc., and would never +break or injure the most brittle things even in a strange room. + +A gentleman once made several experiments with her in order to test for +himself her reported abilities, and expressed great surprise that one +thus afflicted should be able to accomplish so much. Grace has, after a +patient life, passed away into that land where deafness and dumbness is +for ever unknown. + + + + +A DEAF AND DUMB BOY AND HIS BROTHER. + +Brownlow Harrison, a bright little boy who had spent a few years in the +school for the deaf and dumb, was watching with great earnestness for +his father, who was to fetch him home for the summer vacation. + +[Illustration] + +Brownlow had made unusual progress during the last half-year; this he +himself knew, and made him intensely anxious that his younger brother, +who was also deaf and dumb, should be admitted as a pupil in the +Institution. Brownlow himself at once wrote to the Committee as +follows:--"When I was at home I was ignorant, and I don't know about +God; but I am now taught about religion, and it is wonderful; I will be +taught before I leave school. My dear brother cannot read, and he cannot +understand; I wish he will come to school, for he don't know about God +and angels, and all things good or bad. I am afraid he will grow wicked +if he is not taught. I will feel thankful to the gentlemen to send my +deaf brother to school." + + + + + FRANCIS CARTER, PRINTER, + IRON GATE WORKS, + DERBY. + + + + +Transcriber's Note: + +In the anecdote entitled "DEAF, DUMB, BLIND, AND LAME," the character is +named once as David and once as John in the original text. This +discrepancy has not been changed. + +Punctuation and alternative spellings have been retained as they appear +in the original text. + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Anecdotes & Incidents of the Deaf and +Dumb, by W. R. Roe + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ANECDOTES OF DEAF AND DUMB *** + +***** This file should be named 29841-8.txt or 29841-8.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/2/9/8/4/29841/ + +Produced by Bryan Ness, Rose Acquavella and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This +book was produced from scanned images of public domain +material from the Google Print project.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +https://gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at +https://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at https://pglaf.org + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit https://pglaf.org + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including including checks, online payments and credit card +donations. To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + https://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. |