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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Two New Pocket Gophers from Wyoming and
+Colorado, by E. Raymond  Hall and H. Gordon Montague
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Two New Pocket Gophers from Wyoming and Colorado
+
+Author: E. Raymond  Hall
+        H. Gordon Montague
+
+Release Date: June 17, 2009 [EBook #29141]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK TWO NEW POCKET GOPHERS ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Chris Curnow, Val Wooff, Joseph Cooper and the
+Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
+
+
+
+
+
+Transcriber's Note.
+
+The layout of the column headings in the table at the end of this text
+has been changed for ease of reading. Otherwise the text remains
+unchanged.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+          Two New Pocket Gophers from Wyoming
+                    and Colorado
+
+                         BY
+
+         E. RAYMOND HALL and H. GORDON MONTAGUE
+
+
+
+
+
+           University of Kansas Publications
+
+              Museum of Natural History
+
+             Volume 5, No. 3, pp. 25-32
+
+                 February 28, 1951
+
+
+
+
+               University of Kansas
+
+                     LAWRENCE
+
+                       1951
+
+
+
+
+
+ UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PUBLICATIONS, MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
+
+    Editors: E. Raymond Hall, Chairman, Edward H. Taylor,
+            A. Byron Leonard, Robert W. Wilson
+
+                Volume 5, No. 3, pp. 25-32
+
+                   February 28, 1951
+
+
+
+
+                  UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS
+
+                    Lawrence, Kansas
+
+
+
+
+                      PRINTED BY
+            FERD VOILAND, JR., STATE PRINTER
+                    TOPEKA, KANSAS
+                        1951
+
+
+                       23-6627
+
+
+
+
+
+      Two New Pocket Gophers from Wyoming and Colorado
+
+                         BY
+
+         E. RAYMOND HALL AND H. GORDON MONTAGUE
+
+
+In the academic year of 1947-48 Montague studied the geographic
+variation in _Thomomys talpoides_ of Wyoming. His study was based upon
+materials then in the University of Kansas Museum of Natural History.
+Publication of the results was purposely delayed until previously
+reported specimens from certain adjacent areas, especially in Colorado,
+could be examined. In the autumn of 1950 one of us, Hall, was able to
+examine the specimens from Colorado; also, the specimens from Wyoming
+accumulated in the past two seasons of field work in Wyoming were
+examined by Hall. A result of these studies is the recognition of two
+heretofore unnamed subspecies of the northern pocket gopher in
+southeastern Wyoming.
+
+Grateful acknowledgment is made of the opportunity to study the
+Coloradon specimens in the Biological Surveys Collection of the United
+States National Museum, and of the financial assistance from the Kansas
+University Endowment Association which permitted the field work in
+Wyoming.
+
+Descriptions and names for the two new subspecies are given below:
+
+
+=Thomomys talpoides rostralis= new subspecies
+
+_Type._--Female, adult, skull and skin, no. 17096 Mus. Nat. Hist., Univ.
+Kansas; from 1 mi. E Laramie, 7164 ft., Albany County, Wyoming; obtained
+on July 16, 1945, by C. Howard Westman; original no. 320.
+
+_Range._--Southern Wyoming and south in the mountains of Colorado to the
+Arkansas River but not including the Colorado River drainage except in
+Grand County and part of Routt County.
+
+_Diagnosis._--Size medium (see measurements); upper parts ranging from
+between Cinnamon-Rufous and Hazel (capitalized terms are of Ridgway,
+Color Standards and Color Nomenclature, Washington, D. C., 1912) in the
+eastern part of the range to between Argus Brown and Brussels Brown in
+the western part of the range; sides Cinnamon-Rufous; throat whitish;
+remainder of under-parts whitish, in many specimens tipped with
+Ochraceous-Buff; feet and tail whitish; rostrum long; nasals ordinarily
+truncate posteriorly; temporal ridges nearly parallel; interpterygoid
+space broadly V-shaped.
+
+_Comparisons._--From _Thomomys talpoides clusius_ (topotypes), _T. t.
+rostralis_ differs in: Body longer; color more reddish (lighter with
+less brownish and more ochraceous); rostrum both longer and broader,
+actually and also in relation to length of the skull; skull broader
+interorbitally; upper molariform tooth-row longer; tympanic bullae less
+inflated. For comparison with _T. t. attenuatus_ to the east, see the
+account of that subspecies.
+
+From _Thomomys talpoides macrotis_ (topotypes) to the southeast, _T. t.
+rostralis_ differs in: Body shorter; upper parts slightly more
+ochraceous and less grayish; skull averaging smaller in all measurements
+except that interorbital region is broader and rostrum and upper
+molariform tooth-row are longer; nasals truncate versus emarginate, and
+consistently shorter; basilar length consistently less in specimens of
+equal age; mastoidal breadth less in 16 of 17 specimens of _rostralis_;
+temporal ridges parallel instead of divergent posteriorly; exposed parts
+of upper incisors shorter; tympanic bullae more angular
+antero-laterally.
+
+From _Thomomys talpoides fossor_ (specimens from Rico, Silverton, Hermit
+and Pagosa Springs, all in Colorado), the subspecies to the southward,
+_T. t. rostralis_ differs in: Longer body; lighter color of upper parts;
+nasals truncate rather than rounded posteriorly; temporal ridges more
+nearly parallel (less divergent posteriorly); rostrum longer (averaging
+longer and broader); skull wider across zygomatic arches in 11 of 12
+specimens of _rostralis._
+
+_Remarks._--Geographic variation is evident in the material examined. In
+the initial study, one of us, Montague, separated the material from the
+Medicine Bow Range in Wyoming as a subspecies different from that at
+Laramie and the adjoining mountains to the eastward because of the
+darker color of the western animals and the smaller size of males.
+Acquisition of more material from still farther west (Sierra Madre) in
+Wyoming and the examination of material in the United States Biological
+Surveys Collection from Colorado discloses that there is a cline of
+increasing intensity of color from the geographic range of _T. t.
+cheyennensis_ at Pine Bluffs, Wyoming, westward to the eastern side of
+the Sierra Madre at a locality three miles east and five miles north of
+Savery, Wyoming. A further deterrent to setting apart the animals of the
+Medicine Bow Mountains as a separate subspecies is the large size of
+males from the North Platte River Valley southeast of Saratoga. The
+males from the valley of the North Platte are intermediate in size
+between those from the Medicine Bow Mountains and those from the Laramie
+River Valley. Females from the same places are available in longer
+series and show less variation. If there is a difference in size in the
+females, those from the mountains are larger than those from lower
+elevations on either side.
+
+The examination that one of us, Hall, has made of the related materials
+from Colorado reveals, as we supposed would be the case, that a large
+area formerly assigned to the geographic range of _Thomomys talpoides
+fossor_ is to be assigned to the geographic range of the newly named
+_Thomomys talpoides rostralis._ It should be added that, at this
+writing, the lack of ideally complete material from southwestern
+Colorado leaves some doubt as to the range of variation properly to be
+included within the geographic range of _T. t. fossor._ Consequently,
+study of a larger number of specimens from more localities in Colorado
+may show that the boundary between the geographic ranges of _T. t.
+fossor_ and _T. t. rostralis_ should be shifted from where we have
+tentatively placed it.
+
+_Specimens examined._--Total number, 168. Unless otherwise indicated,
+those from Colorado are in the United States National Museum, Biological
+Surveys Collection, and those from Wyoming are in the Museum of Natural
+History of the University of Kansas.
+
+=Colorado.= _Routt Co._: Hahns Peak, 2; Hayden, 1. _Jackson Co._ Pearle,
+North Park, 9000 ft., 2; Canadian Creek, North Park, 6; 5 mi. E Canadian
+Creek, 1; Rabbit Ear Mts., Arapaho Pass, 5. _Larimer Co._: Elkhorn, 7000
+ft., 1; Estes Park, 7. _Grand Co._: Coulter, 4. _Boulder Co._: Longs
+Peak, 3; Gold Hill (the skin only; skull does not belong), 1; 3 mi. S
+Ward, 9000 ft., 10 (K. U.); 5 mi. W Boulder, 7. _Gilpin Co._: Blackhawk
+(U. S. N. M.), 2. _Jefferson Co._: Golden, 1; Golden foothills, 7300
+ft., 1. _Park Co._: Como, South Park, 9800 ft., 1. _El Paso Co._:
+Cascade, 1 (too young for certain sub-specific identification).
+
+=Wyoming.= _Carbon County_: 13 mi. E and 6 mi. S Saratoga, 8500 ft., 1;
+14 mi. E and 6 mi. S Saratoga, 8800 ft., 1; 7 mi. S and 11 mi. E
+Saratoga, 5; 8 mi. S and 6 mi. E Saratoga, 10; 10 mi. N and 14 mi. E
+Encampment, 8000 ft., 2; 10 mi. N and 16 mi. E Encampment, 8000 ft., 1;
+8 mi. N and 16 mi. E Encampment, 8400 ft., 10. _Albany Co._: 2-1/4 mi.
+ESE Browns Peak, 10300 ft., 7; 3 mi. ESE Browns Peak 10000 ft., 5; 2 mi.
+S Browns Peak, 10600 ft., 7; 3 mi. S Browns Peak, 1; 2 mi. E and 1/2 mi.
+S Medicine Bow Peak, 10800 ft., 2; 5 mi. N Laramie, 7200 ft., 1; 1 mi. E
+Laramie, 7164 ft., 18; Laramie Mts., 10 mi. E Laramie (8500 ft., 2; 9000
+ft., 1), 3 (U. S. B. S.); 5-1/2 mi. ESE Laramie, 8500 ft., 4; 8 mi. E
+and 4 mi. S Laramie, 8600 ft., 5; 8 mi. E and 6 mi. S Laramie, 8500 ft.,
+1; 15 mi. SE Laramie, Pole Mtn., 8200 ft., 3 (U. S. B. S.); 1 mi. SSE
+Pole Mtn., (8250 ft., 4; 8350 ft., 6), 10; 1 mi. S Pole Mtn., 8350 ft.,
+2; 2 mi. SW Pole Mtn., 8300 ft., 6; 2-1/2 mi. S Pole Mtn., 8340 ft., 1;
+3 mi. S Pole Mtn., 1; Woods P. O., 2 (U. S. N. M.); Fort Russell, 1 (U.
+S. N. M.); Sherman, 2 (U. S. N. M.).
+
+_Additional records._--Bailey (N. Amer. Fauna, 39:101, 112, November 15,
+1915) has recorded the following specimens, which on geographic grounds,
+would presumably be referable to _Thomomys talpoides rostralis._
+COLORADO: Estes Park (referred by Bailey, p. 101, to _T. t. clusius_),
+1; Colorado City, 1; Colorado Springs, 2-1/2 mi. N, 6000 ft., 1;
+Colorado Springs, east of Palmer Park, 1; Montgomery, 3; Nederland, 4;
+Teller County Divide, 1. These specimens have not been examined by us.
+
+
+=Thomomys talpoides attenuatus= new subspecies
+
+_Type._--Male, adult, skull and skin, no. 15095 Mus. Nat. Hist., Univ.
+Kansas; from 3-1/2 mi. W Horse Creek Post Office, 7000 ft., Laramie
+County, Wyoming; obtained on July 16, 1945, by Henry W. Setzer; original
+no. 629.
+
+_Range._--Southeastern Wyoming from Niobrara County south into Weld
+County, Colorado.
+
+_Diagnosis._--Size small; color pale (whitish); skull smooth and,
+relative to its length, slender; rostrum relatively long; nasals
+truncate posteriorly; middle parts of zygomatic arches straight;
+temporal ridges low and more widely separated in middle extent than at
+anterior or posterior ends; tympanic bullae rounded and moderately
+inflated; interpterygoid space V-shaped.
+
+_Comparisons._--From _Thomomys talpoides bullatus_ (topotypes) to the
+northward, _T. t. attenuatus_ differs in smaller size, lighter (less
+brownish, more whitish) color, smaller and slenderer skull. In detail,
+some cranial features diagnostic of _attenuatus,_ when compared with
+_bullatus,_ are: Anterolateral angle of zygoma less nearly a right
+angle; temporal ridges bowed outward at middle, instead of straight, and
+farther apart posteriorly than anteriorly instead of nearly parallel;
+sides of basioccipital nearly straight instead of concave.
+
+From _Thomomys talpoides cheyennensis_ (holotype and Wyoming specimens
+from: Pine Bluff; 1 mi. W Pine Bluffs, 5000 ft.; 12 mi. N and 1/2 mi. W
+Pine Bluffs) to the eastward, _T. t. attenuatus_ differs in smaller size
+throughout and more slender skull. The two subspecies are
+indistinguishable in color.
+
+From _Thomomys talpoides macrotis_ (topotypes) to the southward, _T. t.
+attenuatus_ differs in smaller size, slightly lighter (less brownish and
+more whitish) color, smaller and slenderer skull.
+
+From _Thomomys talpoides rostralis_ (specimens from the type locality)
+to the westward, _T. t. attenuatus_ differs in smaller size; lighter
+(grayer, less brownish) color, smaller and less angular skull.
+
+From _Thomomys talpoides clusius_ (topotypes) to the northwestward, _T.
+t. attenuatus_ differs in shorter body, slightly grayer color, less
+width across mastoid region of skull, smaller tympanic bullae, and more
+obtuse anterolateral angle on zygoma.
+
+_Remarks._--This subspecies is of smaller size than any of the
+geographically adjoining subspecies. Intergradation with _T. t.
+cheyennensis_ is shown by specimens from two miles south and nine and
+one-half miles east of Cheyenne, Wyoming. Intergradation with _T. t.
+bullatus_ or _T. t. clusius_ or both is suggested by the larger size of
+the specimen from five miles southwest of Wheatland, Wyoming. Although
+large, this skull has the slender proportions of _attenuatus_ to which
+the specimen is tentatively referred. Although the specimens from Avalo,
+Colorado, are typical _attenuatus,_ the specimen from Pawnee Buttes,
+Colorado, is somewhat larger than typical _attenuatus_ and suggests
+intergradation with the subspecies to the southward, for example, at
+Flagler, Colorado.
+
+_Specimens examined._--Total number, 44, and unless otherwise indicated
+in the Museum of Natural History of the University of Kansas.
+
+=Wyoming.= _Niobrara County_: 10 mi. N Hatcreek Post Office, 5300 ft.,
+1. _Platte Co._: 5 mi. SW Wheatland, 1 (U. S. B. S.). _Goshen Co._:
+Little Bear Creek, 20 mi. SE Chugwater, 1 (U. S. B. S.). _Laramie Co._:
+5 mi. W and 1 mi. N Horse Creek P. O., 7200 ft., 1; 3-1/2 mi. W Horse
+Creek P. O., 7000 ft., 6; 2-1/5 mi. W Horse Creek P. O., 6600 ft., 1; 2
+mi. W Horse Creek P. O., 6600 ft., 2; Horse Creek 6500 ft., 1; 3 mi. E
+Horse Creek P. O., 6400 ft., 5; 6 mi. W Islay, 2 (U. S. B. S.); 2 mi. S
+and 1/2 mi. E Pine Bluffs, 5200 ft., 1; 7 mi. W
+
+Cheyenne, 6500 ft., 1; Cheyenne, 7 (U. S. N. M.); 1 mi. S and 4-1/2 mi.
+E Cheyenne, 5200 ft., 1; 2 mi. S and 9-1/2 mi. E Cheyenne, 5200 ft., 3;
+Arcola, 5200 ft., 4.
+
+=Colorado.= _Weld Co._: Pawnee Buttes, 5300 ft., 1 (U. S. B. S.). _Logan
+Co._: Chimney Canyon, 10 mi. NE Avalo, 5100 ft., 5 (U. S. B. S.).
+
+_Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, Lawrence. Transmitted
+January 15, 1951._
+
+
+
+
+TABLE 1. MEASUREMENTS, IN MILLIMETERS, OF TWO SUBSPECIES OF THOMOMYS
+TALPOIDES.
+______________________________________________________________________
+
+  Column A  Catalogue number or number of averaged individuals
+  Column B  Sex
+  Column C  Total length
+  Column D  Length of tail
+  Column E  Basilar length
+  Column F  Length of hind foot
+  Column G  Zygomatic breadth
+  Column H  Least interorbital constriction
+  Column I  Mastoidal breadth
+  Column J Length of nasals
+  Column K Breadth of rostrum
+  Column L Length of rostrum
+  Column M Alveolar length if maxilliary tooth-row
+
+
+   A    |  B   | C | D | E  | F  | G  | H  | I  | J  | K  | L  |  M
+
+                    _T. t. rostralis,_ from type locality
+
+ 17092  |Male  |220|56 |28  |33.2|23.7|6.4 |19.5|15.5|8.1 |17.5| 8.2
+ 17095  |Male  |228|68 |30  |33.3|  - |6.5 |18.8|15.0|7.4 |17.3| 7.3
+ 17091  |Male  |212|56 |27  |33.0|22.8|6.5 |18.7|14.2|8.5 |16.2| 7.6
+ Average|Male  |220|60 |28.3|33.2|23.2|6.5 |19.0|14.9|8.0 |17.0| 7.7
+ 9 av.  |Female|214|56 |27.1|31.6|22.4|6.5 |18.5|14.4|7.8 |16.8| 7.9
+ min.   |Female|198|45 |25  |30.0|20.7|6.2 |17.7|13.2|7.4 |15.4| 7.1
+ max.   |Female|230|72 |28.5|33.5|23.3|7.0 |19.8|14.9|8.1 |17.7| 8.4
+
+                    _T. t. attenuatus,_ from type locality
+
+ 15095  |Male  |202|61 |26  |30.1|21.2|6.6 |18.2|13.6|7.3 |16.0| 7.0
+ 15094  |Male  |189|56 |24  |29.7|20.1|5.7 |17.2|12.4|7.2 |14.8| 6.9
+
+                  from 2-1/2 mi. W Horse Creek P. O., 6600 ft.
+
+ 15100  |Male  |196|58 |27  |30.2|21.7|6.1 |18.4|14.5|7.5 |16.3| 7.0
+ 3 av.  |Male  |196|58 |25.7|30.0|21.0|6.1 |17.9|13.5|7.3 |15.7| 7.0
+
+                           from type locality
+
+ 15096  |Female|203|59 |26  |30.0|  - |6.1 |18.0|14.1|7.3 |16.3| 6.8
+ 15098  |Female|192|69 |26  |28.8|19.8|5.5 |17.2|12.0|6.7 |14.7| 7.3
+
+                          Horse Creek, 6500 ft.
+
+ 15103  |Female|181|58 |25  |29.6|19.5|5.9 |16.3|13.0|6.9 |15.2| 7.0
+
+                   3 mi. E Horse Creek P. O., 6400 ft.
+
+ 15107  |Female|190|54 |27  |30.5|20.5|6.0 |17.9|13.5|7.3 |16.4| 6.8
+ 15106  |Female|192|55 |26  |30.8|21.5|6.5 |18.2|12.7|7.6 |15.5| 7.0
+ 5 av.  |Female|192|59 |26  |29.9|20.3|6.0 |17.5|13.1|7.2 |15.6| 7.0
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Two New Pocket Gophers from Wyoming
+and Colorado, by E. Raymond  Hall and H. Gordon Montague
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK TWO NEW POCKET GOPHERS ***
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