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diff --git a/29043-8.txt b/29043-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..30c6881 --- /dev/null +++ b/29043-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2696 @@ +Project Gutenberg's Harper's Young People, July 20, 1880, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Harper's Young People, July 20, 1880 + An Illustrated Weekly + +Author: Various + +Release Date: June 5, 2009 [EBook #29043] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, JULY 20, 1880 *** + + + + +Produced by Annie McGuire + + + + + + + + +[Illustration: HARPER'S + +YOUNG PEOPLE + +AN ILLUSTRATED WEEKLY.] + + * * * * * + +VOL. I.--NO. 38. PUBLISHED BY HARPER & BROTHERS, NEW YORK. PRICE FOUR +CENTS. + +Tuesday, July 20, 1880. Copyright, 1880, by HARPER & BROTHERS. $1.50 per +Year, in Advance. + + * * * * * + + + + +[Illustration: "A POOR, DOOD, DEAD BEAR."--DRAWN BY W. M. CARY.] + +THE BIGGEST BLACKBERRY PICKER. + +BY W. O. STODDARD. + + +Dot Calliper had come out on the mountain-side, with all the rest of +them, after blackberries. + +She had picked her little pail full industriously, but she was too fat +and too small to climb any further among the rocks and stumps and +bushes, so they had left her there, in the shade of the great +chestnut-tree, to watch the milk-pails. + +Not that there was any milk in them just now, for all three of them were +more than half full of great, plump, overgrown berries--blackberries, +and the best and largest anybody had ever seen among those mountains. +Such a season for berries! + +There had been a great fire three years before, and it had burned the +woods away, and nobody knew where the blackberry bushes had come from, +but they had moved right in as if the country belonged to them, and they +had climbed all over everything. + +Dot sat by her pails and looked around, and she was half sorry all the +berries near her had been picked and put into the big pails. + +All the rest, even Johnny Coyne and Pen Burke, had little pails or else +baskets, except Dot's big brother Bob, and he was now away up the +mountain-side with a pail that would hold almost as much as a milk-pail. + +Dot knew where the others were picking, for they didn't keep still a +minute. Jessie Mack and Betsy were down among the rocks at her right, +and Molly Calliper was with the boys up there on the left. + +Dot was not in the least afraid at being alone, but she did wish she was +hungry enough to eat some more berries. + +She thought of it, and she tried to, but it was of no use, for all the +while she had been picking she had put one berry in her rosy little +mouth every time she had put another in her little tin pail. + +"Oh, so much berries!" sighed Dot. "They're all our berries, too." + +Yes, and Mrs. Calliper meant to dry them all and sell them, and buy some +things for Dot and Molly and the baby. Bob had said that he meant to +sell his own berries and buy him a new gun. + +Want of appetite was the trouble with Dot; but there was somebody else +in there, among the thickest of those bushes, picking, picking, picking, +and eating every one he picked, and that fellow had never seen an hour +in all his life when he could not have eaten some more blackberries. + +An enormous fellow he was, and fatter for his size than Dot Calliper was +for hers. He did not look at all ill-natured, and there was even a sort +of funny twinkle in his little black eyes, as he pulled the branches +full of fruit to his mouth with his great clumsy-looking paws. + +They were not half so clumsy as they looked, and they were armed with +long, sharp, cruel claws that were bent in a curve, like the teeth of +the big shell comb Dot's mother bought of the peddler for her back hair. +Then, too, when his mouth opened wide, as it did when he made one of his +lazy, sleepy yawns, the teeth he showed were something dreadful to look +at. Teeth of that size were never needed for eating such things as +blackberries. They looked a great deal more as if they were meant for +eating Dot Callipers. + +He was evidently very fond of berries, and did not seem to have any +doubt but what they all belonged to him. It was just as if he had +offered a prize that summer for the bush that would bear the most +blackberries, and was now going around among them to see which had won +it. Every bush he came to just held out its branches for him to look at; +but if Dot had been watching him, she would have seen at once that the +fat old rascal never seemed to count the berries at all, but just +gathered and swallowed them. How would he be able to tell, when he was +done, which bush had done the best for him? + +But Dot was not watching him. She had not even seen him yet, and she did +not know he was there till he made a great crash among the bushes, when +his foot slipped, and he rolled down through half a dozen of them. + +"Bob," exclaimed Dot, "is that you? Did you tumble down?" + +There was no answer, and she asked again, "Bob, did you 'pill your +berries?" + +Then she thought she heard something like a grunt, such as the pigs made +when they were rooting in the garden, and she and Bob went to drive them +out, and she said, "Oh, the pids are come! they'll pick all our +berries." + +Then there came more rustling and crashing among the bushes, and then +Dot jumped up and got behind the three big pails, for it was not +anything like a pig that came out and began to walk toward the +chestnut-tree. + +"Oh dear me!" whispered the frightened Dot. "I daren't 'peak to him." + +Neither did he say a word to her. He did not even tell her his name was +Bruin, and that he was fond of blackberries, but he walked straight +forward, and his little black eyes were twinkling more brightly than +ever. + +As fast as he came forward Dot stepped back, till she stood right +against the tree, and then she slipped around behind it, and began to +feel that she was perfectly safe. + +Bruin looked into one pail after another, as if he saw at once that all +the bushes were beaten, and was trying to decide to which of the pails +the prize belonged. + +"Bob! Bob!" screamed Dot, at the top of her little voice, "there's a +bear come, and he's 'tealing our berries." + +He was eating them up very fast, that was a fact--for all the world as +if they had been picked for his benefit. + +Perhaps he would have liked them better with plenty of milk and sugar, +but he did not ask Dot for anything of the kind. He just sat down on the +grass, and took a big pail up in his lap with his clumsy fore-paws, and +then lifted it high enough to bury half his head in it. + +Dot saw that he knew exactly how to eat blackberries out of a milk-pail, +and she felt sure they would not last him long. + +"Molly! Jessie! Betsy! Johnny Coyne! Pen Burke! the bear's 'tealing the +berries!" + +The other children heard her, and they all began to scream together: +"Bear! bear! He's eating up Dot and the berries." + +Bruin had not so much as said a cross word to Dot, although it was true +that he had not thanked her for the berries; but he was just lifting the +second pail to his mouth, when Dot's big brother Bob heard the +screaming, and came hurrying down the hill toward the chestnut-tree. + +"Der's one pail left, but he's eat up the odders," said Dot, excitedly, +as Bob sprang out of the nearest bushes; but to her surprise he did not +pay the least attention to the berries or the bear. He just caught up +Dot herself in his strong arms, and ran away with her. + +"Bob, did you lose your pail?" + +"Boys! Betsy! Molly!" shouted Bob, "run! run!" + +They did run; but they were not like Bob, for every one of them kept +tight hold of their berry pails. They could not run fast among so many +rocks and bushes, but they could scramble, and they had not gone far +before they heard a great rough voice near them shouting, + +"Hullo! What's arter ye all? Did ye git skeered?" + +"Joe--Joe Mix!" exclaimed Bob. "The biggest bear you ever saw in your +life. Ain't I glad you've got your gun along!" + +"Bar? Whar?" + +"Up among the blackberries." + +"And I haven't a bullet nor a buckshot; nothin' but small shot. Tell ye +what, Bob. Drap that little one. The bar won't foller ye. You jest run +for the house and git yer gun, and tell yer father, and have him come +along, and bring some buckshot and slugs for me. Bars is fat now, and +we'll jest gather this one." + +Bob was putting Dot on the ground, when she said to him, + +"Make the bear div back the pails, too." + +While Bob was gone, Joe Mix made Dot tell him all about it, but he said, + +"I guess I won't go ahead and scare him off; he'll stay and pick +around." + +"He'll pick all our berries." + +"Now, Dot, there's berries enough. We'll pick him. It won't do to have +him come and pick some of your father's pigs." + +"Would he pick me?" + +"Not unless the berries were all gone, and the nuts too, and the pigs. +But I'm glad Bob got away with ye. He might have mistaken ye for a +berry." + +"I wasn't in a pail; I got behind a tree." + +Dot had been pretty well scared, but Bruin had behaved very well, except +about the berries, and she was not half so much frightened as the older +children were. Molly and Betsy came and hugged her ever so hard, and +Johnny Coyne exclaimed, + +"Tell you what, Joe, if I'd had a gun!" + +"Oh, don't I wish I'd had a gun!" echoed Pen Burke; and then they both +said they'd bring guns with them the next time they came after berries. + +Bob Calliper must have been a good runner, and his father too, for it +was wonderful how soon the noise they made among the bushes below told +that they were coming. + +That was not all, either, for a little distance behind them was Mrs. +Calliper herself, all out of breath, with the baby in her arms, and she +was not nearly so careful as usual in handing the baby to Molly, she was +in such a hurry to hug Dot, and kiss her, and exclaim, "Dear! dear! +dear! My pet! Bears! Oh, Dot, bears! Berries! My precious!" + +"The bear dot the berries, mamma." + +"Berries indeed! Who cares for berries!" + +Joe Mix asked, the moment Bob came near enough, "Any slugs for me?" + +And Bob held out to him a handful of buckshot and rifle-bullets. + +Joe had been drawing the old charge out of his gun, and loading it again +with more powder, and now he poured in half a dozen big buckshot and +three bullets. + +"They'll do for slugs. Got yer rifle, Mr. Calliper?" + +"No, Bob's brought that. I've got my double-barrelled deer gun, and I've +stuck an awful charge into it." + +"That'll do." + +"Mary Jane," said her husband to Mrs. Calliper, "you and the children go +on down the hill. Pen, you and Johnny see if you can't haul out that old +stone-boat. It lies up this way, close to the foot of the mountain. +We'll need it to get the bear home." + +"Oh, mamma," exclaimed Dot, "is the bear comin' to our house?" + +She knew very well that if he did, he would eat up all the berries that +were spread out on the roof to dry, but her father and Joe Mix and Bob +hurried away in the direction of the big chestnut. + +Mrs. Calliper would not let any of the children go, but she put down Dot +to carry the baby. + +Pen and Johnny were a little sulky at not being allowed to help hunt the +bear, but they were glad to have something to do, and went on after the +stone-boat. + +That was a kind of flat sled, made of a thick piece of plank, and used +to haul stones on, and they found it just where Mr. Calliper said. + +He and Joe and Bob went on up the mountain-side more and more carefully, +but they had not far to go, and pretty soon Bob whispered, "There he is; +he hasn't gone." + +"Got a pail on each side of him, and another in his lap," said his +father. + +"Now," said Joe, "we've got him. We must all shoot together. Keep yer +second barrel a moment, Mr. Calliper. Then give it to him." + +Joe was an old hunter, and he wasn't good for anything else; but he knew +all about bears. + +Mrs. Calliper and the children heard the guns go off pretty quickly +after that--bang! bang! bang! and then another bang. + +"Oh dear! I hope they won't either of them get hurt!" + +There was no danger of that, for the distance had been short, and ever +so many slugs and buckshot had struck Dot's bear almost at the same +time. He dropped the pail and rolled over on the ground, and he could +not have hurt any one after that. He could not have picked a blackberry. + +There came a great shout of triumph down the mountain-side. "Mary Jane! +come and look at him!" + +The boys heard it, and they tugged harder than ever at the stone-boat. + +Such a bear that was! + +"Such a berry big bear!" said Dot. + +It was hard enough work to get him upon the stone-boat after it came, +and Mr. Calliper and Joe Mix and Bob were so long in dragging that load +to Mr. Calliper's house that the children had time to pick the three big +pails full of berries again. + +Joe Mix sat down on a log in front of the door, and mopped his face with +his handkerchief, and Pen and Johnny took a useless pull at the +stone-boat with the bear on it, and Mrs. Calliper stood behind her +husband and hugged the baby. + +They had put the three pails of berries down only a few feet from the +nose of the bear as he lay on the stone-boat, and Jessie Mack and Betsy +went and stood behind the pails, where they were safe, but Dot wasn't a +bit afraid of that bear now. She toddled close up to her father, as he +stood at the head of the stone-boat, and looked down on the great furry +berry picker. + +"He didn't pick me, papa." + +"No, Dot," remarked Joe Mix; "he couldn't sit up now ef you brung him +all the berries you've got." + +"He's a poor, dood, dead bear," said Dot, pityingly. "Poor bear!" + +"Wa'al, no, Dot," said Joe, "he's the fattest bar I ever hauled on. It's +all along of thar being sech heaps and heaps of berries this year." + + + + +IN THE SWING. + +BY M. M. + + + Oh, swing me high, and swing me low, + Under the linden-tree, + Whose fragrant blossoms, like a shower, + Fall down and cover me. + + The sunshine flickers through the leaves + As to and fro I swing; + Gay butterflies go flashing by; + Birds in the tree-top sing. + + The brook tells stories to the flowers + The livelong summer day; + And everywhere the earth is bright, + And all the world is gay. + + So swing me high, and swing me low, + Under the linden-tree, + And let the blossoms, like a shower, + Fall down and cover me. + + + + +PEARLS--REAL AND IMITATION. + +FROM ADVANCE SHEETS OF "THE BOY TRAVELLERS IN THE FAR EAST." PART +SECOND. + +BY THOMAS W. KNOX. + + +While on their way from Bangkok to Singapore, Frank and Fred were much +interested in accounts of some of the wonders of the Eastern seas given +them by Captain Johnson, a fellow-passenger. In answer to some of their +inquiries about pearls, he gave them the following information: + +"One of the favorite fishing grounds for pearls is at Bahrein, on the +Persian Gulf. The divers bring in the oysters from the fishing banks in +the Gulf, and pile them on the shore in great heaps. Here they lie till +they are rotted; and the stench that arises is enough to turn any +inexperienced stomach. When the substance of the oyster is quite +decomposed, the shells are opened, and the mass of matter they contain +is thrown into tubs, and washed with water. It is necessary to pass the +pulp very carefully through the fingers, for fear that some of the +pearls will be lost, and consequently the washing is very slow. When a +pearl beyond a certain size is found, the washer receives a handsome +present; but below the regulation figure he gets nothing but his daily +wages. Large pearls are very rare, and consequently the chances that a +pearl-washer will make a fortune by a lucky find are exceedingly small. + +"There is a belief quite current through the East that the pearl is a +drop of rain-water which has fallen into the shell of the oyster when he +was at the surface, and been afterward hardened. This is a pretty bit of +sentiment; but as the oyster never goes to the surface unless he is +carried there, the story does not have much foundation to rest upon." + +"If the pearl is so valuable, and so difficult to get, I should think +there would be men who would try to imitate it," Frank remarked. + +"You are quite right," was the reply; "and men have tried a great many +times to make false pearls." + +"Have they succeeded?" + +"Partially, but not altogether. No counterfeit pearls have yet been made +that could pass all the tests of the genuine; but their lustre is quite +equal sometimes to the best pearls of Ceylon, and they can be made to +deceive anybody but an expert." + +"How do they make them?" + +[Illustration] + +"The best of the false pearls," said the Captain, "are made by what is +known as Jaquin's process. M. Jaquin was a manufacturer of beads in +France, and he spent a great deal of time and money in trying to make +his beads better than any other man's. One day he was walking in his +garden, and observed a remarkably silvery lustre on some water in a +basin. It instantly occurred to him that if he could put that lustre on +his beads, he would have something decidedly new. + +"So he called his old servant, and asked what had been in the water. She +answered that it was nothing but some little fish called _ablettes_, +that had been crushed in the basin, and she had neglected to throw the +water out. + +"M. Jaquin was very glad, for once, that she had neglected her duty. He +began experimenting with the scales of the ablette, or bleak--a little +fish about the size of a sardine, and very abundant in certain parts of +Europe. After several trials he adopted the plan of washing the scales +several times in water, and saving the sediment that gathered at the +bottom of the basin. This was about the consistency of oil, and had the +lustre he desired. Next, he blew some beads of very thin glass, and +after coating the inside of a bead with this substance, he filled it up +with wax, so as to give it solidity. Thus the fish scales gave the +lustre, the glass gave the polish and brilliancy that we find on the +genuine pearl, and the wax furnished a solid backing to the thin glass. +It is fortunate that the bleak is very abundant, or he would run the +risk of extermination." + +"Is the manufacture of false pearls so great as that?" Fred inquired. + +"It is pretty extensive," was the Captain's response, "but not +enormously so. The fact is, it requires more than a thousand of these +little fish to make an ounce of the 'essence d'Orient,' as the French +call it, or essence of pearl. Other substances have been tried, in the +hope of obtaining the same result for a smaller outlay, but none of them +have been entirely successful. + +"In China and Japan the natives have long followed the practice of +putting small beads of porcelain inside the oyster, and then returning +him to the water, where he is left undisturbed for three or four years. +At the end of that time he is taken up and opened, and the beads are +found to be coated with the pearly substance. They also have the trick +of putting little images or idols into the oyster, and in course of time +these become coated over in the manner I have described." + + + + +[Begun in No. 31 of HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, June 1.] + +THE MORAL PIRATES. + +BY W. L. ALDEN. + + +CHAPTER VIII. + +The next morning the boys awoke early, having had a thoroughly good +night's rest. Tom, whose turn it was to go for milk, found a +well-stocked farm-house, where he obtained not only milk, bread, and +eggs, but a supply of butter, and a chicken all ready for cooking. After +breakfast the boat was put in the water, and, to the delight of all, +proved to be almost as tight as she was before running into the rock. A +little water came in at first under the edges of the zinc, but in a +short time the wood swelled, and the leak entirely ceased. + +The boat was loaded, and the boys were ready to start soon after six +o'clock. There was no wind, but the two long oars, pulled one by Tom and +the other by Jim, sent her along at a fine rate. They rowed until ten +o'clock, resting occasionally for a few moments, and then, as there were +no signs of a breeze, and as it was growing excessively hot, they went +ashore, to wait until afternoon before resuming their journey. + +[Illustration: JIM AND JOE PLAY MUMBLE-TO-PEG.] + +The sun became hotter and hotter. The boys tried to fish, but there was +no shade near the bank of the river, and it was too hot to stand or sit +in the sunshine and wait for fish to bite. They went in swimming, but +the sun, beating on their heads, seemed hotter while they were in the +water than it did when they were on the land. Jim and Joe tried a game +of mumble-to-peg, but they gave it up long before they had reached +"cars." It was probably the hottest day of the year; and as it was +clearly impossible to row or to do anything else while the heat lasted, +the boys brought their blankets from the boat, and going to a grove not +far from the shore, lay down and fell asleep. + +They were astonished to find, when they awoke, that it was two o'clock. +None of them had been accustomed to sleep in the daytime, and they could +not understand how it came about that they had all slept for fully two +hours. They had yet to learn that one of the results of "camping out," +or living in the open air, is an ability to sleep at almost any time. +All animals and wild creatures, whether they are beasts or savages, have +this happy faculty of sleeping in the daytime. It is one of the habits +of our savage ancestors that comes back to us when we abandon +civilization, and live as Aryan tribes, from whom we are descended, +lived in the far East, before they marched with their wives and children +and cattle from India, and made themselves new homes in Europe. + +After lunch the boys prepared to start, although there was still no +wind; but when they went down to the boat they found that the sun was as +hot as ever. So they returned to the shade of the grove, and made up +their minds to stay there until the end of the afternoon. + +"Harry," said Tom, "we've been on the river three days, and we are only +a little way above Hudson. How much longer will it be before we get to +Albany?" + +"We ought to get there in two days more, even if we have to row all the +way," replied Harry. + +"And after we get to Albany, what are we to do next?" + +"We are going up the Champlain Canal to Fort Edward. There we will have +a wagon to carry us and the boat to Warrensburg, on the Schroon River, +and will go up the river to Schroon Lake. Uncle John laid out the route +for us." + +"How many days will it take us to get to the lake?" asked Tom. + +Harry thought awhile. "There's two days more on the Hudson, two on the +canal, and maybe two on the Schroon River. And then there's a Sunday, +which don't count. It'll be just a week before we get to the lake." + +"I've got to be home by two weeks from next Monday," continued Tom, "so +I sha'n't have much time on the lake. Can't we get along a little +faster? There's a full moon to-night, and suppose we sail all night--or +row, if the wind doesn't come up?" + +"That's a first-rate idea," exclaimed Harry. "We can take turns sleeping +in the bottom of the boat. Why, if the breeze comes up in the night, we +might make twenty or thirty miles before morning." + +All the boys liked the plan of sailing at night, and they resolved to +adopt it. While they were yet discussing it, a light breeze sprang up, +from the south as usual, and they hastened to take advantage of it. In +the course of an hour more the sun began to lose its power; and when +they went ashore at six o'clock to cook their supper, they had sailed +about fifteen miles. + +As they expected to make so much progress during the night, they were in +no hurry about supper, and it was not until after seven o'clock that +they again made sail. Harry divided the crew into watches--one +consisting of himself and Joe Sharpe, and the other of Tom and Jim. Each +watch was to have charge of the boat for three hours, while the other +watch slept. At eight o'clock Tom and Jim lay down in the bottom of the +boat, and Joe came aft to take Tom's customary place at the sheet. +Harry, of course, steered. + +All went well. The breeze was light but steady, and Harry kept the boat +in the middle of the river to avoid another shipwreck. The watch below +did not sleep much, for they had had a long nap at noon, and, besides, +the novelty of their position made them wakeful. They had just dropped +asleep when eleven o'clock arrived, and they were awakened to relieve +the other watch. Tom went sleepily to the helm, and Harry and Joe gladly +"turned in," and were soon fast asleep. + +Tom always declares that he never closed his eyes while he was at the +helm, and Jim also asserts that he was wide-awake during his entire +watch, though neither he nor Tom spoke, for fear of waking up the other +boys. It was strange that these two wide-awake young Moral Pirates did +not notice that a large steamboat--one of the Albany night boats--was in +sight, until she was within a mile of them, and it is just possible +that, without knowing it, they were a little too drowsy to keep a proper +look-out. + +As soon as Tom saw the steamboat, he remarked, "Halloo! there's one of +the Albany boats," and steered the boat over toward the east shore. The +breeze had nearly died away, and the _Whitewing_ moved very slowly. The +steamboat came rapidly down the river, her paddles throbbing loudly in +the night air. Jim began to get a little uneasy, and said, "I hope she +won't run us down." + +"Oh, there's no danger!" replied Tom; "we shall get out of her way easy +enough." + +But, to his dismay, the steamboat, instead of keeping in the middle of +the river, presently turned toward the east shore, as if she were bent +upon running down the _Whitewing_. Tom was now really alarmed; and as he +saw that the sail was doing very little good, he hurriedly told Jim to +take down the mast and get out the oars as quick as possible. Jim +rapidly obeyed the order, dropping the mast on Harry's head, and +catching Joe by the nose in his search for the oars. By this time Tom +had begun to hail the steamboat at the top of his lungs; but no +attention was paid to him by the steamboat men, since the noise of the +paddles drowned Tom's voice. Harry and Joe, who were now wide-awake, saw +what danger they were in, and they sprang to the oars. The steamboat was +frightfully near, and still hugging the shore; but Tom called on the +boys to give way with their oars, and steered straight for the shore, +knowing that there must be room for the boat between the steamboat and +the bank of the river, and fearing that if he steered in the opposite +direction the steamboat might change her course and run them down, when +they would have little chance of escape by swimming. + +It was certainly very doubtful if they could avoid the steamboat, and +Tom was well aware of it. He told the other boys that, if they were sure +to be run down, they must jump before the steamboat struck them, and +dive, so as to escape the paddles. "I'll tell you when to jump, if worst +comes to worst," said he; "but don't you look around now, nor do +anything but row. Row for your lives, boys." + +And the boys did row gallantly. Harry had a pair of sculls, and Jim had +a long oar, and between them they made the boat fly through the water. +As they neared the shore, it seemed to them that there was not more than +three feet of space between the steamboat and the land; and Tom had +almost made up his mind that the cruise was coming to a sudden end, when +the great steamboat swung her head around, and drew out toward the +middle of the river. She did not seem to be more than a rod from them as +she changed her course, though in reality she was probably much farther +off. At the same moment the _Whitewing_ reached what appeared to be the +shore, but what was really a long row of piles projecting about a foot +above the water. The boys had just ceased rowing, and Tom had given the +boat a sheer with the rudder, so as to bring her alongside of the piles, +when the steamboat's swell, which the boys, in their excitement over +their narrow escape, had totally forgotten, came rushing up, seized the +boat, and threw it over the piles into a shallow and muddy lagoon. + +It was almost miraculous that the boat was not capsized; but she was +actually lifted up and thrown over the piles, without taking more than a +few quarts of spray into her. When they saw that they were absolutely +safe, the boys began to wonder how in the world they could get the boat +back into the river, and Jim proposed to light the lantern and see if +anything was missing out of the boat, and if she had been injured. + +"Now I see why the steamboat did not notice us," exclaimed Tom. + +"Why?" asked all the others together. + +"Because," he replied, "we have been such everlasting idiots as to sail +at night without showing a light." + +[TO BE CONTINUED.] + + + + +HOW GIL PLAYED VENTRILOQUIST. + +BY JAMES B. MARSHALL. + + +It was before Dora and Gil Norman came back to the city last fall with +their mamma from Farmer Jonathan's, where their papa joined them every +Saturday afternoon and staid until Monday morning. If you had asked Dora +or Gil what the farmer's full name was, the answer would probably have +been, "Why, Farmer Jonathan, of course." Every one called him Farmer +Jonathan, but his letters were usually directed, "Mr. Jonathan +Wainwright." + +One morning he came to the house from his great barn, and told Dora and +Gil to go down there and see the largest load of hay that he had ever +had on his hay-wagon. + +Going to the barn, they saw the huge load of hay waiting for the horses +to be put to the wagon tongue, and a long ladder reared against the +wagon, by which the farm men had descended from the top of the load +after completing it. + +"I'm going to the top to see how high it looks," said Gil, beginning to +climb. + +Dora watched him until he was about half way up the ladder, and then +thought that she too would like to see how high it looked. Gil had not +thought of Dora following him, nor of the danger she would run, even +more than his own small self, climbing to that considerable height, +until he had reached the top, and saw that she was half way up. Then he +did wisely, encouraging her to continue to climb rather than frightening +her by sending her back, and he joyfully caught her in his arms, drawing +her to the middle of the broad top of the load of hay. When Farmer +Jonathan should come down to the barn to see the horses put to the load, +or when Sam should come with the horses, Gil intended to call out, and +have Dora carried down the ladder. Gil couldn't see over the sides of +the hay, but he knew he would hear Farmer Jonathan or Sam the moment +that either of them should come into the barn. + +It was so very pleasant to lie half buried on the sweet hay, watching +the swallows darting and circling among the barn rafters away above +them, that while Gil was wondering why Dora should be taking a nap, his +own head nodded in sleep. + +When Gil awoke, the whole load was shaking, and he called out, "Are you +there, Farmer Jonathan?" Receiving no answer, he rubbed his eyes, and +found that he was not in the barn at all. "I've been asleep," said Gil, +sitting up, "and Farmer Jonathan is taking us to town on top of his hay, +and don't know it. That's jolly. When we get to town, and stop, I can +make him hear me, if I can't now, and he will take us down. Then we can +see him sell the hay, and afterward, as we ride home, perhaps he will +let us take turns driving." + +"Oh, won't that be just splendid!" said Dora, having awakened in time to +hear nearly all that Gil had been saying to himself. + +When they began to pass houses, though they could see nothing of them +below the second-story windows, Gil and Dora knew that Farmer Jonathan +had reached the town, and was driving along the streets. Directly Dora +discovered the steeple of the church that stood just below their aunt +Mary's house. Then Gil, looking ahead, saw the very house, and, what was +more, Cousin Will eating from a paper of buns while he leaned out of the +window to watch the great load of hay coming down the street. Before the +wagon came opposite the window it was going on a noisy trot; Will caught +sight of Dora and Gil on top, and he was so much surprised that, when +Gil made a motion to him to throw them a bun, he threw the whole +paperful right on the hay. + +While the hay-wagon rolled on, Gil and Dora began eating the buns, and +Will disappeared from the window. He went down stairs four steps at a +jump, tumbled into the dining-room, and astonished Aunt Mary, his +mother, very much by demanding, "Oh, mamma dear, can I go and take a +ride on an awful big load of hay?" Aunt Mary was for some time puzzled +to know just what her excited boy meant; but when she did understand, +she told him he might go and invite Farmer Jonathan, Gil, and Dora to +dinner. The hay-wagon had then disappeared down the street, and Will had +to stop every few minutes to inquire which way it had gone, for many +persons had noticed how large the load was. + +As it was market-day in town, a number of people soon collected around +the wagon, when Farmer Jonathan stopped in front of Grocer Bacon's, and +went into the store to ask Bacon if he wouldn't buy the hay. Gil didn't +like to call to Farmer Jonathan while the people stood around, though by +getting as close to the edge of the hay as he dared, Gil could just have +a peep at him through the loose hay, as he stood in the store door +talking with Dionysius Bacon. + +As Dionysius considered himself a pretty smart fellow, and enjoyed +cracking jokes with people, particularly when the joke was on his side, +he went on chaffing Farmer Jonathan about the hay. He offered to trade +brooms, clothes-lines, etc., for it, while those standing around +laughed, and those passing along the street paused to see what the fun +was. + +"Now is this all nice hay?" asked Dionysius, speaking as though he was +done joking, and was very much in earnest. At the same time he was slyly +working a clothes-peg into the hay, which he intended to find in a +moment after, and then go on joking again. + +"Every spear of it sweet and dry," was the answer. + +"That's so, Grocer Bacon," exclaimed Gil, earnestly, and then lying very +quiet, so as not to be discovered, and also cautioning Dora. + +Dionysius Bacon jumped away from the hay, dropped the clothes-peg, and +looked foolish, for the voice seemed to him, as well as to others, to +come right out of the middle of the load of hay. + +"I didn't know that you pretended to be a ventriloquist, Farmer +Jonathan," said he, laughing; "but if you can't imitate a boy's voice +better than that, you should take some more lessons in the art." + +Farmer Jonathan only smiled, and looked about him to see if he could +discover who the ventriloquist was. + +"Mr. Dionysius Bacon, don't stand in the sun without your hat," said +Gil, in a queer voice. At this every one laughed and shouted, except +Dionysius. Gil and Dora laughed, because the people did, and this made +the others laugh and shout harder than ever. + +"Good for you, Farmer Jonathan!" said half a dozen persons. "You ought +to hire the Music Hall, and start a show." + +"I don't know anything about ventriloquism," said he, putting his hands +into his pockets, and chuckling at the very idea. + +"But you can't imitate this," said Dionysius, trying not to appear +provoked: "'If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.'" + +"'If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers,'" said Gil, imitating +the grocer's voice as near as he could. At which you could have heard +the people's ha! ha! has! and their shouts of delight a block away. + +"Now do you still mean to tell me, Farmer Jonathan, that you are not +playing this trick?" asked the grocer. + +"Certainly I do. But why don't you suspect some of these gentlemen?" + +Then Dionysius appealed to each one separately, not even missing the +boys and girls who had been drawn to the spot by the merriment; but all +denied being able to ventriloquize, and said that they were sure it had +been Farmer Jonathan. + +Still, of course, the farmer had to deny it. + +"See here," said Dionysius, "I'll buy your hay, and treat every man, +girl, and boy present to Smith's best twenty-five-cent oyster stews, if +you're not the man; and if you are, you are to pay for the stews." + +"One, two, three," said Farmer Jonathan, beginning to number those who +stood around. + +"It don't matter if there are fifty of them," quickly interposed +Dionysius; "will you accept my wager or not?" + +"I accept it, of course," said Farmer Jonathan. + +Will, having sighted the hay-wagon, just then came running up the +street. "Please, Farmer Jonathan," said he, "mother wants you to come to +our house to dinner, and bring Gil and Dora. May I too climb up on your +hay?" + +"Why, my little man, I left Gil and Dora out in the country, at my +farm," answered Farmer Jonathan. + +"Oh no, you didn't. I saw them on top of your hay-wagon here when you +went past our house." + +"How are you, Will?" shouted Gil, standing up on the hay. + +Then, though the people could see nothing of Gil but his head, they knew +at once that Dionysius Bacon had lost his wager. When Farmer Jonathan +and some others had lifted Gil and Dora down to the sidewalk, they told +how they came to be on the hay. Afterward, Farmer Jonathan, Dionysius, +Dora, Gil, and Will headed a procession to Smith's oyster saloon of +those who had heard Dionysius make the wager. + +It took forty-two oyster stews to supply all, and if it hadn't been a +market-day, and just about dinner-time, Smith wouldn't have known how to +have served them quickly. Forty-two stews, at a quarter each, you see, +would amount to $10.50, and though Smith only charged Dionysius an even +ten-dollar bill, the latter seemed to think that he wouldn't make any +more wagers that day. + +The hay having been unloaded in the mean time, Farmer Jonathan drove +around by Will's home, stopping long enough to tell Aunt Mary about the +ventriloquist, and then continued on to the farm with Gil and Dora. + +But the children hadn't been missed, because mamma thought that they +were over at the next farm-house, and she was looking for their return +every moment. + + + + +BEETLES. + + +The great family of beetles is one of the most important in the insect +world. In burning sandy plains, in tropical jungles, in fresh green +fields, in bogs and swamps--wherever there is a bit of earth or +water--there are beetles of one kind or another, following out the +instincts assigned to them by nature. + +The beetle known as the sacred scarabæus was held in great veneration by +the ancient Egyptians, and is carved in great profusion on their tombs. +Small gold and porcelain figures of the scarabæus, which were strung on +necklaces, and used in other ways for personal ornaments, have also been +found in Egyptian sarcophagi. + +The way the sacred scarabæus deposits its eggs is a wonderful exhibition +of animal instinct. First collecting an ample supply of the material +which the young larvæ will need for food, she places her eggs in the +middle of it. She then rolls it into a lump, and starts with it on a +voyage of discovery. She works backward, pushing the ball containing her +eggs behind her, until she finds soil in which she can burrow and +conceal her precious burden. It is said to be for this peculiarity that +the scarabæus was venerated by the ancient Egyptians. The lump of earth +containing the eggs was considered an emblem of fruitfulness, and the +devotion of the scarabæus, which would lose its life rather than its +precious eggs, was thought to symbolize the exceeding love of the +Creator toward men. + +The tiger-beetles, of which there are many varieties, are one of the +most important branches of the family. They have great hooked jaws, +formed to seize the small insects upon which they live. They can not +exist in very cold countries, and they are rarely found in cultivated +land, as they prefer burrowing in loose, sandy soil, where their little +homes are not in danger of being disturbed by the gardener's spade. A +remarkable tiger-beetle is the gold-cross of India, which has a deep +velvety black body, and a golden mark on its wings in shape like a St. +Andrew's cross. The prevailing colors of the tiger-beetle are black, +green, and blue; but there is a little Brazilian member of the family of +a glistening metallic crimson. It has very long legs, and prefers +climbing among the foliage to living on the ground, like most varieties +of the tiger-beetle. Its movements are very quick. It will pounce like +lightning on a fly, which can rarely escape the grasp of this formidable +enemy. + +A very curious beetle is the bombardier, a brown creature with green +gloss on its wings. It carries a little bomb-shell, which it uses as a +weapon of defense when disturbed by an enemy. It is a very sociable +little bug, and will gather in a crowd under big flat stones in damp +places. If the stone is suddenly overturned, the bombardiers at once +begin a cannonade like the explosion of a grain of gunpowder, and throw +out a puff of whitish vapor resembling smoke. The bombardiers of South +America, China, and other warm countries, are much larger than those +found in England, and the fluid they eject, which causes the tiny +explosion, is capable of making a black stain, and leaving an unpleasant +burning sensation upon the hand of any one trying to capture them. + +A large member of the beetle family is found in Nicaragua. It is about +five inches long, and is called the big-bodied elephant. It is black in +color, but appears of a yellowish-chestnut, as it is entirely covered +with a thick, soft fur, something like the down on a butterfly's wing, +which rubs off very easily, and shows the scaly black surface beneath. +The big-bodied elephant is armed with a formidable black horn, forked at +the end, which curves upward like the horn of a white rhinoceros. + +Certain species of the elater beetles are familiar to every school-boy. +Elater signifies striking or bounding. Boys will know better what is +meant by an elater beetle if they are told that it is the same thing as +a skip-jack, or snapping-bug. If this beetle is laid on its back, its +legs are unable to reach to either side and gain a foot-hold, and it can +not roll over. It accordingly goes through a gymnastic movement. Curling +its legs closely to its body, it arches itself a little, and suddenly +springs into the air, landing on its feet, in which position it is again +master of itself. + +The most remarkable among the elater beetles is the cuculio, or +fire-fly, of the tropics. It is a very common-looking dark brown beetle +in the daytime, the two beads, one on each side of its head, which at +night are so luminous and beautiful, being dull white. But, wait until +night comes, and then what countless pairs of tiny yellow-green lanterns +are flying over the fields, and creeping about among the foliage! Boys +and girls in Cuba make cages of stout reeds, and fill them with +cuculios. If the cage is hung in a dark room, the light from the +cuculios is strong enough to enable one to read print, if the book is +held near the cage. There is also a small place underneath the body from +which this singular beetle emits light, but the effect is not so +beautiful as that of the two beads on the head. If the cuculio is +disturbed by being shaken in its cage, or in any other way, the light it +throws out intensifies until it is fairly dazzling. + +These beautiful beetles may easily be brought across the ocean in their +little cages, and if guarded from cold air, and fed plentifully with +sugar-cane, from which they suck the juice, or even with coarse brown +sugar moistened a little, they will live a long time. + +[Illustration: BEETLES--AN EVENING FLIGHT.] + +These varieties of beetles mentioned are only a small handful among +thousands, for there are more members of this great family than +naturalists have yet been able to count. There are beetles that fly by +night, and beetles that fly by day; some that live in the ground, others +in the water, and yet others on trees and among the leaves and flowers. +They are of all colors, and of varied appetites, some living solely on +insects, others on fruits and vegetables and leaves of different kinds. + + + + +[Begun in HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE No. 37, July 13.] + +THE STORY OF THE AMERICAN NAVY. + +BY BENSON J. LOSSING. + + +CHAPTER II. + +There was war on the bosom of Lake Champlain, in Northern New York, in +the fall of 1776. The British were about to invade the colonies from +Canada by way of that lake. To meet the danger, the Americans built a +small flotilla of gun-boats and gondolas in its upper waters. The +British constructed a flotilla at its foot. The former sailed from +Ticonderoga, under the command of Benedict Arnold, to confront the foe +at the foot of the lake. They met not far from Plattsburg, fought +desperately, but not decisively, and during the ensuing dark night +Arnold with his vessels escaped up the lake. The British pursued, and +gained a complete victory, but did not begin the invasion until the next +year. + +In May, 1777, Captain Conyngham sailed from Dunkirk, France, in the brig +_Surprise_, with one of Franklin's commissions, and soon returned to +port with a British brig and packet as prizes. The French were +embarrassed. They desired to help the Americans, but did not wish to +provoke an open quarrel with the English just then. The English +Ambassador at Paris protested, and Conyngham and his crew were +imprisoned. They were soon released, and sailed in the _Revenge_ for +British waters, where they spread havoc among the English shipping. The +British were so scared that they were at their wits' end. Insurance rose +to twenty per centum; and so unwilling were English merchants to risk +their goods in British bottoms that at one time forty French vessels +were taking in cargoes in the Thames. The _Revenge_ tried to intercept +the British transports taking hired German troops to America, but +failed. + +After the treaty of alliance with France was signed, the French openly +assisted the Americans, whose cruisers and privateers became more active +than ever. The story of their exploits in detail forms a most romantic +chapter of American history. + +In the spring of 1778, John Paul Jones first appeared in European +waters. With the _Ranger_, of eighteen guns, he went up the western +coast of England to Whitehaven; seized the fort, spiked the cannons, set +fire to the shipping, and departed as quickly as he came. Then he +attempted to make his father's old friend, the Scotch Earl of Selkirk, a +prisoner, but failed. His men carried off the family plate, which Jones +restored to Lady Selkirk. Sweeping around Ireland, he made several +prizes, and sailed for France. This raid greatly frightened the people +of the English coasts. To their imagination Jones seemed like a revived +old Sea King of the North. + +Jones was again in British waters in September, 1779. Dr. Franklin and +the French King had jointly fitted out an expedition to cruise in the +British Channel and the German Ocean, and placed Jones in command. His +flagship was the _Bon Homme Richard_. With his little squadron he went +far up the eastern coast of Great Britain; and on a moon-lit evening had +a desperate battle with the _Serapis_, the larger of two armed vessels +just started to convoy the English Baltic fleet across the German Ocean. + +[Illustration: BATTLE BETWEEN THE "BON HOMME RICHARD" AND THE +"SERAPIS."--DRAWN BY HOWARD PYLE.] + +Jones ran the _Richard_ alongside the _Serapis_, lashed them together; +and so, muzzle to muzzle, they poured destructive broadsides into each +other for an hour and a half. Sometimes both vessels were on fire. When +for a minute the _Richard_ ceased firing, the Captain of the _Serapis_ +called out, "Have you struck your colors?" "I have not yet begun to +fight," answered Jones. The struggle was fierce for a few minutes +longer, when the colors of the _Serapis_ were hauled down. When the +vessels were separated, the _Richard_ was sinking, and soon went to the +bottom of the sea. Her people took refuge on the _Serapis_, and she and +her consort were taken into the Texel, in Holland. When, afterward, +Jones heard that the King had knighted the commander of the _Serapis_, +he said, "He deserves it; and if I fall in with him again, I'll make a +lord of him." + +The fame of this victory soon spread abroad. The Congress gave Jones a +gold medal. European monarchs gave him tokens of high regard. At a grand +court banquet the King of France made him a Knight of the "Military +Order of Merit," and decorated him with its jewel. He is known in +history as the "Chevalier John Paul Jones." + +Among the younger naval heroes of the war for independence, who +afterward became renowned, was Joshua Barney. At the close of 1780, when +he was less than twenty-two years of age, he was made Captain, put in +command of the frigate _Alliance_, and conveyed to France John Laurens, +a special envoy of the Congress. On his return Barney was attacked by +two armed English vessels, and after a severe engagement captured both +of them. + +In the spring of 1782, Barney, in command of the _Hyder Ali_, a +Pennsylvania cruiser keeping the Delaware clear of English marauders, +honored the infant American navy by a brilliant exploit. He was +convoying some merchant vessels, and while at anchor near Cape May was +attacked by an English cruiser with two companions. He sent the +merchantmen up the river, and by an expert movement got the _Hyder Ali_ +entangled with her antagonist in such a way that her great guns swept +the decks of the foe with a destructive raking fire. In less than half +an hour the British vessel (which proved to be the brig _General Monk_) +surrendered. She was badly bruised, and had lost fifty men. This was +"one of the most brilliant actions that ever occurred under the American +flag," wrote Cooper, fifty years afterward. + +The war for independence was now about to close with triumph for the +Americans and their cause. The little Continental Navy had fully +justified the faith of the stout-hearted people by its grand +performances. This little David had fought the Goliath of England most +valiantly for seven years, and in the might of right its "pebbles from +the brook" had been equal in efficiency to the huge "spear" of the +boastful oppressor. Divine help gave final victory to the patriots. + +During the war the Americans had thirty-six public vessels afloat, +besides swarms of active and efficient privateers. They had also built a +large 74-gun ship (the _America_), but before she was put to sea she was +presented to the French government. The veteran Manly, the pioneer of +the naval warfare on the part of the Americans, after a long captivity, +cruised in the _Hague_ among the West India Islands, until the +preliminary treaty of peace was signed in the fall of 1782. He there +closed the regular maritime operations which he had opened in 1775. The +cruisers were recalled, the commissions of the privateers were revoked, +and of all the vessels of the remarkable little Continental Navy only +the _Alliance_ remained in 1783. Nothing but the recollection of the +services and sufferings of the navy was left behind. The _Alliance_ was +reluctantly sold in 1785 to save the expense of repairs. The exhausted +Americans craved the enjoyment of peace, and felt no need of a navy. + +[TO BE CONTINUED.] + + + + +MR. MARTIN'S EYE. + +BY JIMMY BROWN. + + +I've made up my mind to one thing, and that is, I'll never have anything +to do with Mr. Martin again. He ought to be ashamed of himself, going +around and getting boys into scrapes, just because he's put together so +miserably. Sue says she believes it's mucilage, and I think she's right. +If he couldn't afford to get himself made like other people, why don't +he stay at home? His father and mother must have been awfully ashamed of +him. Why, he's liable to fall apart at any time, Mr. Travers says, and +some of these days he'll have to be swept up off the floor, and carried +home in three or four baskets. + +There was a ghost one time who used to go around, up stairs and down +stairs, in an old castle, carrying his head in his hand, and stopping in +front of everybody he met, but never saying a word. This frightened all +the people dreadfully, and they couldn't get a servant to stay in the +house unless she had the policeman to sit up in the kitchen with her all +night. One day a young doctor came to stay at the castle, and said he +didn't believe in ghosts, and that nobody ever saw a ghost, unless they +had been making beasts of themselves with mince-pie and wedding cake. So +the old lord of the castle he smiled very savage, and said, "You'll +believe in ghosts before you've been in this castle twenty-four hours, +and don't you forget it." Well, that very night the ghost came into the +young doctor's room, and woke him up. The doctor looked at him, and +said, "Ah, I perceive: painful case of imputation of the neck. Want it +cured, old boy?" The ghost nodded, though how he could nod when his head +was off I don't know. Then the doctor got up and got a thread and +needle, and sewed the ghost's head on, and pushed him gently out of the +door, and told him never to show himself again. Nobody ever saw that +ghost again, for the doctor had sewed his head on wrong side first, and +he couldn't walk without running into the furniture, and of course he +felt too much ashamed to show himself. This doctor was Mr. Travers's own +grandfather, and Mr. Travers knows the story is true. + +But I meant to tell you about the last time Mr. Martin came to our +house. It was a week after I had scalped him; but I don't believe he +would ever have come if father hadn't gone to see him, and urged him to +overlook the rudeness of that unfortunate and thoughtless boy. When he +did come, he was as smiling as anything; and he shook hands with me, and +said, "Never mind, Bub, only don't do it again." + +By-and-by, when Mr. Martin and Sue and Mr. Travers were sitting on the +piazza, and I was playing with my new base-ball in the yard, Mr. Martin +called out, "Pitch it over here; give us a catch." So I tossed it over +gently, and he pitched it back again, and said why didn't I throw it +like a man, and not toss it like a girl. So I just sent him a swift +ball--a regular daisy-cutter. I knew he couldn't catch it, but I +expected he would dodge. He did try to dodge, but it hit him alongside +of one eye, and knocked it out. You may think I'm exaggelying, but I'm +not. I saw that eye fly up against the side of the house, and then roll +down the front steps to the front walk, where it stopped, and winked at +me. + +I turned, and ran out of the gate and down the street as hard as ever I +could. I made up my mind that Mr. Martin was spoiled forever, and that +the only thing for me to do was to make straight for the Spanish Main +and be a pirate. I had often thought I would be a pirate, but now there +was no help for it; for a boy that had knocked out a gentleman's eye +could never be let to live in a Christian country. After a while I +stopped to rest, and then I remembered that I wanted to take some +provisions in a bundle, and a big knife to kill wolves. So I went back +as soon as it was dark, and stole round to the back of the house, so I +could get in the window and find the carving knife and some cake. I was +just getting in the window, when somebody put their arms around me, and +said, "Dear little soul! was he almost frightened to death?" It was Sue, +and I told her that I was going to be a pirate and wanted the carving +knife and some cake and she mustn't tell father and was Mr. Martin dead +yet? So she told me that Mr. Martin's eye wasn't injured at all, and +that he had put it in again, and gone home; and nobody would hurt me, +and I needn't be a pirate if I didn't want to be. + +It's perfectly dreadful for a man to be made like Mr. Martin, and I'll +never come near him again. Sue says that he won't come back to the +house, and if he does, she'll send him away with something--I forget +what it was--in his ear. Father hasn't heard about the eye yet, but if +he does hear about it, there will be a dreadful scene, for he bought a +new rattan cane yesterday. There ought to be a law to punish men that +sell rattan canes to fathers, unless they haven't any children. + + + + +POLLY. + +BY FIDELIA REES MORTON. + + +"It's no use to tell me Polly Clark's only young and flighty, and that +she's got a good heart, and she'll be all right when she gets older, and +all that kind of thing. That's all stuff and nonsense. I tell you she's +the wickedest child I ever laid eyes on, and if she were a boy, I'd know +she'd be hung afore she died; as it is, she's sure to get her death in +some queer way, with all them outlandish goings on of her'n." Having +given vent to her feelings, and settled poor Polly's fate to her own +satisfaction, Deacon Jones's wife proceeded to relate the particulars of +the latest scandal to Sallie Perkins, the village gossip. + +Mrs. Jones--alas that I am forced to say it!--was not alone in her +convictions. The majority of the inhabitants of L---- would have assured +you, with a solemn shake of the head, that Polly Clark was, without +exception, the "most ornery youngster" that ever was born, and "sech a +pity, too, that Squire Clark's only child should be sech an everlastin' +worrit to him." And yet a look at Polly would disarm suspicion. A more +gentle, lovable-looking girl it would be difficult to find; but then we +all know that appearances are deceitful. At church on Sunday she looked +so fair and innocent, always paying such good attention to the sermon, +and gazing so earnestly at the minister with those clear, soft brown +eyes of hers, as if _so_ anxious to understand every word he uttered, +that the uninitiated would be ready to declare that hers was indeed a +heart without guile. But those who knew her best were well aware that +behind this calm exterior was a mind in which the love of mischief +reigned supreme, and for aught they knew, at the very moment when she +seemed most impressed by the minister's arguments, she had unexpectedly +thought of some brilliant plan that promised ill for the peace of mind +of some intended victim. Indeed, as poor nervous little Mrs. Clark said, +"No one ever knows what Polly is going to do next. I never get up in the +morning but I dread what may happen before night. I don't even feel safe +about her after she goes to bed, since the time she went into the woods +in the middle of the night to try some trick or other with a dead cat, +thinking, silly child, that in that way she could cure a wart she had on +her thumb. But then," Mrs. Clark always adds, "Polly is always so +good-tempered when she is scolded for doing wrong, and seems really to +be so sorry about it, that I can't help forgiving her, and hoping she +will do better next time. But she don't; she keeps on doing the most +dreadful things, and--" And here the poor little woman generally broke +down completely, and wept bitterly over the unaccountable depravity of +her only child. + +As her mother said, Polly did indeed do "dreadful things." Many were the +sermons the kind-hearted old minister had preached, which, although +delivered to the congregation at large, were expressly intended to move +Polly's heart, while she would sit calmly unconscious through them all, +wondering what old Aunt Cassy would say when she found her pet Tabby +gayly decorated with red, white, and blue paint in honor of the glorious +Fourth; or whether Granny Lukens would enjoy the flavor of Cayenne +pepper in her tea. + +All the old ladies in the neighborhood stood in wholesome awe of her, +and Mrs. Jones's melancholy predictions for her future were called forth +by the remembrance of how, a week before, Polly had presented her with a +batch of doughnuts of her own making, which, when partaken of by some +friends invited to tea, were found to be filled with cotton; and that +was not the worst of it, for when Mrs. Jones attempted to pull the +cotton from her mouth, her teeth came with it, which unexpected letting +of the cat out of the bag, so to speak, was more than a nine days' +wonder in L----. It is hardly necessary to add that from that time forth +there was open warfare between Mrs. Jones and Polly. + +It would be too great a task for me to tell you of all my heroine's +adventures. How, for instance, she frightened the servant-girl into +convulsions one night by suddenly appearing to her in a dark hall, after +having, with the aid of some sulphur matches, succeeded in making her +face bear a startling resemblance to a grinning, ghastly-looking skull; +and how she tied a bunch of fire-crackers to the tail of her father's +best mule, and set them off, in return for which doubtful favor that +agile animal bestowed upon her a kick that broke two ribs, and confined +her to her bed for many weeks, during which period the old ladies of +L---- were allowed to rest in peace. + +These are but samples of the dozens of tricks with which Polly busied +her active brain, and by means of which she was enabled to keep those +around her in a continual state of uncertainty as to what unheard-of +thing she would attempt next. + +But Polly, like Napoleon, was doomed to meet her Waterloo. Her last and +most disastrous exploit ended sadly both for herself and others. It +happened in this way. Polly went to the circus. From that time forth her +daring acrobatic feats supplied the gossips of L---- with plenty of +material for conversation. They would tell how Polly broke her horse's +leg by urging him to jump over a stone wall, and how she almost +dislocated her collar-bone in turning a double somersault off a +hay-rick; and in fact, they argued, "If she was any one else but Polly +Clark, she'd 'a been dead long ago; but them that's born to be hanged +will never be drowned," though in what way that proverb was appropriate +in Polly's case they themselves could not have told you. + +One day Polly conceived a brilliant idea. She would get up a circus of +her own. The little boys of the town eagerly agreed to Polly's plan of +proceedings. They were to meet and rehearse in her father's barn on +Wednesday night, while Mr. and Mrs. Clark were attending the Lyceum +meeting. + +The appointed hour drew near, and so did the boys. With Polly at their +head, they marched in grim silence past the house, and when they reached +the barn, she informed them that Bridget, thinking she had gone to bed, +was entertaining her beau in the front parlor, so they could make all +the noise they wanted to, without fear of detection. + +After a moment's search Polly unearthed a couple of candles, which Tommy +Briggs lighted; and while he and Polly adjusted the trapeze he had +constructed in stolen moments, the other actors in the drama rigged up a +remarkably insecure tight-rope. + +At last all was ready. "Down in front!" shouted Tommy, in an imperative +manner, to the imaginary audience. "The performance is a-goin' to begin. +First, Mr. Adolphus Popinjay is goin' to do some gymnastics with the +trapeze." + +Mr. Adolphus Popinjay, otherwise Jack Hybbed, after many attempts, and +with much assistance, succeeded in getting into the trapeze, where he +went through a number of extraordinary antics, the most difficult of +which was that of standing on one foot, the other leg being extended +stiffly behind him, while with both hands he clutched convulsively to +the sides of the trapeze. Polly felt a keen sense of disappointment over +Jack's performance. Somehow or other it lacked the ease and grace that +the man in the circus had exhibited. She was impatient for her turn to +come, that she might show them her idea of acrobatism. She was delighted +when Tommy announced that "Pauline, the great unbeaten tight-rope +walker, is now a-goin' to come out." + +Polly advanced majestically toward the tight-rope, which was fastened at +one end to a big hook in the side of the barn, and at the other end to +the loft, against which was placed a ladder, which she proceeded to +ascend. There was a beam overhead, which Polly was to hold on to in +order to keep herself from falling, and assisted by it, she started out +quite bravely; but she had taken but four steps when Tommy shouted, +"Hold on fast, Polly! the hook's comin' out." Alas! the warning came too +late. Before she could get hold of the beam securely, the hook came out, +and with a cry of terror poor Polly fell with a dull thud to the floor. +Her dress knocked over the candle as she fell, and in a second the hay +that was scattered on the floor was in a blaze. All the boys except +Tommy Briggs rushed screaming from the barn, but he, by straining every +muscle, succeeded in dragging Polly out of the now blazing building, and +then, the necessity for exertion on his part being over, he fell in a +dead faint by the side of the unconscious girl. + +Help soon arrived, and the doctor being summoned, Polly was found to be +severely injured, while Tommy escaped with some slight burns and an +attack of brain-fever. Poor Polly! for weeks she suffered the most +intense pain, and when at last she was able to leave her bed, she rose +up a sadder and a wiser girl. + +Polly is a young woman now, but she still bears the mark of her last +frolic in the shape of a long scar on her cheek, where she struck on the +rake when she fell. + +Polly has one peculiarity. She is the confidential friend of every wild +tom-boy of a girl in town, because, as she says, she has such unbounded +sympathy with them, and also because she is so anxious to keep them from +trying any such dangerous experiments as the one to which she fell a +victim. + + + + +HOW TROTTY GOT HIS JUMPING-JACK. + +BY AGNES CARR. + + +[Illustration] + +[Illustration] + +Trotty sat on the nursery floor, gazing sadly at a broken jumping-jack, +with only one leg, no arms, and not much of a head to speak of. It was +weeks since Christmas, and all the toys Santa Claus had stuffed into +Trotty's little striped stocking were cracked and broken, and now this +jumping-jack, the last and dearest of all, had gone to pieces too. + +"I sink it's time Santa Tlaus tomed aden," remarked Trotty at last. + +"Oh no," said nurse, who was holding baby by the window; "he is busy +now, making toys to give the good children next Christmas." + +"Where does he live?" asked Trotty. + +"In a house set in a garden of Christmas trees," began nurse; but just +then somebody called her from the room. + +"I b'lieve I'll try and find dat house," thought Master Four-year-old, +"and ask Santa Tlaus to div me anodder jumping-jack." + +To think, with Trotty, was to do, and five minutes later he had on his +beloved new rubber boots, and was running down the road as fast as his +little fat legs would carry him, with a big apple in his hand to eat on +the way. + +He came first to a pond where a duck was swimming. "Quack, quack," said +the duck; which meant, "What a nice red apple! I wish I had some." + +"I will div you a bite," said Trotty, "if you will show me the way to +Santa Tlaus's house." + +"I don't know the way," said Ducky; "but give me some, and I will take +you to the cat, and she will tell you." + +So Trotty gave her a bite, and the duck came out of the water, and +waddled along in front of Trotty till they came to a barn, where the cat +and her five kittens were playing in the door. + +"Please, Mrs. Pussy," said Trotty, "show me the way to Santa Tlaus's +house, and I will div you a bite of my apple." + +"Mew, mew," said the pussy cat; which was, "I don't know the way; but +give me some, and I will take you to the dog, and he will tell you." + +So Trotty gave her a bite, and she led him to the dog-kennel, where +Towser the dog was snapping at flies in the sun. + +"Please, doggy," said Trotty, "show me the way to Santa Tlaus's house, +and I'll div you a bite of my apple." + +"Bow, wow, wow," said Towser; which meant, "I don't know the way; but +give me some, and I will take you to the horse, who can tell you." + +So Trotty gave him a bite, and together they went on to a green field, +where a horse was feeding, and Trotty asked him to show him the way. + +[Illustration] + +"Neigh, neigh," said Horsy, "I don't know; but give me a piece of your +apple, and I will take you to the boy, who will surely tell you." + +So Trotty gave him a bite, and the horse took him on his back, and +galloped away, until they came to a nice little boy sitting on a fence +whistling. There was nothing now left of the apple except the core; but +Trotty said, "Please, boy, show me the way to Santa Tlaus's house, and +I'll div you the tore of my apple." + +"I don't know the road," answered the boy; "but give it to me, and I +will take you to the little old woman who lives under the hill, and she +will tell you." + +So Trotty gave him the core, and the boy took him to a wee bit of a +cottage, where an old woman was spinning, and a girl with yellow hair +was stirring something in a pot over the fire. + +"Please, ma'am, will you show me the way to Santa Tlaus's house?" asked +Trotty. But now he had no more apple to offer. + +"Yes, my little dear," said the old woman, sweetly. "Come in and rest, +and then I will take you there." + +[Illustration] + +But the moment he was inside, she caught hold of him, took off all his +pretty clothes, and dressed him in old rags, and would have cut off his +curls, but the yellow-haired girl said the scissors were rusty, and she +must wait till they were sharpened. + +Trotty was dreadfully frightened, and thought he should never get home +again; but when it grew dark the old woman went to sleep on a bed in the +corner, and then the girl with yellow hair dressed him in his own +clothes again, opened the door, and let him run away. + +Trotty ran along in the dark until he saw a light, and found it came +from a large house, and all around the house grew beautiful evergreen +trees. + +[Illustration] + +"Dis must be Santa Tlaus's house," thought Trotty, "for there are the +Tismas trees." So he trotted up to the door, and knocked. It was opened +by a big man with bushy whiskers. + +"Is you Santa Tlaus?" asked Trotty. + +"Bless us!" said the man. "And if I am, what do you want?" + +"I wants a jumping-jack," sobbed Trotty. "And oh! I's tired, and I wants +my supper." + +"Bless us!" said the man again. But he caught Trotty up in his arms, +carried him in, and set him in a high chair in front of a great bowl of +bread and milk. + +Trotty went to eating right away, for he was very hungry; but before he +came to the bottom of the bowl his head nodded, his eyes closed, and he +was fast asleep. + +He never knew how long he slept; but when he woke up he was in his own +little white bed at home, and papa, mamma, and nurse were hugging and +kissing him. + +But on the pillow by his side lay a beautiful new jumping-jack; so he +knew he had found the house in the garden of Christmas trees, and seen +good old Santa Claus himself. + + + + +BIRDIE'S VANITY. + +BY C. L. + + + Pussie and Kittie strolled out one day + Into the garden to walk and play; + They rolled on the grass, and jumped so high + That the old drake "quacked" as he passed by. + Said he, "I wish I could hop so light," + And on he hobbled with all his might. + + Above, little Susie's Birdie swung; + His cage from a lofty window hung. + As soon as he heard the drake's lament, + His head on mischief was quickly bent. + + "Oho, Mister Drake, you soon shall see + That Mistress Puss can not outjump _me_; + And although my legs are short and thin, + I'll wager that in a race I'll win." + So saying, he flapped against the door + Till his pretty wings were getting sore. + + At last, with a snap, the door came loose, + And Birdie flew out--the little goose! + He flew right down to the very ground + Where Pussie and Kittie played around. + And now there began a lively race, + Which gained excitement at every pace. + + Little Birdie chirped, and hopped about, + And Pussie followed him in and out, + Under the rose-tree and through the hedge, + Until they came to the garden's edge; + And then Mister Birdie, full of pride, + Mounted a tree by the water's side; + And there he perched, with a proud delight, + Boasting and singing with all his might, + Until, quite weary and worn, at last + He drooped his head, and soon slept fast. + + Then up jumped Puss from her hiding-place, + And mounted the tree with nimble grace; + But so gently did her footsteps fall, + Not a sound the sleeper heard at all. + + And now, alas! Pussie crouches low: + Poor Birdie will soon be gone. But no! + A shrill little scream is heard to rise, + And there stands Susie with frightened eyes. + Old Pussie scampers with might and main, + And Birdie pops wide his eyes again. + + Now think of his horror when he saw + How near he had been to Pussie's paw! + I really think he deserved the pain, + Because he had been so very vain; + And I'll venture that he did not seek + Another frolic within a week. + + + + +[Illustration: "KITTY, WHAT MAKES YOU SO CROSS?"] + + + + +[Illustration: OUR POST-OFFICE BOX] + + +Our exchange department is increasing so rapidly that we find it +necessary to offer a few suggestions to our young correspondents. In the +first place, if you desire to exchange with other correspondents, always +give your full address. If you live in a large city, like Brooklyn, New +York, or Philadelphia, you should state your residence, street and +number, or the number of your post-office box, as otherwise it is not +probable that you will ever receive an answer to your request. You have +all heard about hunting for a needle in a haymow; and if you stop to +think, you will see it would be just as useless to hunt for any little +boy in New York city, unless you knew the street in which he lived; and +the faithful "little man in gray" who hurries from house to house with +his load of letters certainly can not be expected to know the residence +of every Johnny Smith in the city. With many of you who live in the +country the case is different. Probably the postmaster himself knows +you, and will give you your letter, even if it is not addressed to your +father's care. In future we trust you will be careful always to give +your residence or your father's address, otherwise, as Uncle Sam's +postman does not keep a directory of every little boy and girl in the +land, many of you may wait in vain for a chance to exchange your pretty +pressed flowers and other objects of interest. + +One thing more. When any correspondent offers exchange, and gives a full +address, as many have done, it would simplify matters very much, and +save us unnecessary trouble, if any one desirous of accepting the offer +would write at once to the given address instead of to us. As we can in +no case take charge of the transfer of specimens, which must always be +directly between yourselves, it is useless for you to write and tell us +you are willing to accept the offer of exchange made by any particular +boy or girl. Write directly to them, and you will gain time, and save +yourself unnecessary postage. + +As our exchange department is intended to develop in our readers a +knowledge of the flowers, trees, butterflies, birds' eggs, minerals, and +other natural products of different sections of their own country, we +pay no attention to requests for exchanges of useless things, which +could lead at best to nothing higher than the gratification of an idle +curiosity. + + * * * * * + +The following communication was written in Danish, but as we fear that +language is not understood by many of our readers, we publish only the +translation: + + RISERUP PARSONAGE, FALSTER, DENMARK. + + I am seven years old, and I live in Denmark. I like the pictures + in YOUNG PEOPLE very much, and my aunt translates the stories to + me, for I can not read English. We have made a drawing of Wiggle + No. 11, and send it to you. I have a little white cat, and a big + black dog called Sagax. Just outside of our garden there is a wood + dove on its nest. I can stand close by it, and it is not at all + afraid of me. + + EMIL KOCH. + +We are very sorry your Wiggles came too late to be printed among our +answers to No. 11, for they are very pretty. + + * * * * * + + MARION, IOWA. + + I take YOUNG PEOPLE, and I don't know what I should do without it. + I am eleven years old, and I have three brothers, all older than + myself. We have two colts. One of them kicked me on the hip, but + did not hurt me very much. I wish some little girl would send a + nice recipe for making cookies. + + NELLIE E. O. + + * * * * * + + YONKERS, NEW YORK. + + I have read every number of YOUNG PEOPLE, from the first to the + last one published. I enjoy reading the letters sent by the + correspondents, and I like to read all the recipes for candy and + cake. During vacation I am going to try them all. I have a pet + canary-bird, which was a birthday gift. + + I am pressing a few leaves that I gathered on the Palisades, and I + am going to press a good many this summer. When they are ready, I + shall try to exchange with some little girl. + + EDITH L. G. + + * * * * * + + ST. HENRYS, OHIO. + + I like YOUNG PEOPLE better than any other paper I have ever taken. + + I have a pet 'coon, a squirrel, a canary, a dog, and two cats. And + I have a large doll. She is three feet and eight inches tall. Her + name is Gervaise. I got her at the Centennial Exhibition. + + I love to read the letters in the Post-office Box. + + I went fishing this spring for the first time, and caught six + fish. I am eleven years old, and now in the summer I am not going + to school. + + Will any little girl send me a recipe for cream candy? + + FLORA B. + + * * * * * + + OKOLONA, MISSISSIPPI. + + I am a little girl six years old, and I can not write very well + yet. I do not go to school, but mamma teaches me at home. I like + YOUNG PEOPLE so much! I have a little dog named Snip. I live in + the South, and it is pretty warm here now. + + Two mocking-birds have a nest and four little baby birds in a + rose-bush near our sitting-room window. + + Mamma and I are going to Michigan in a few weeks to see my grandma + and grandpa. My papa is a preacher. I have no brother or sister. + + BESSIE M. MCL. + + * * * * * + + BELLE PLAINE, IOWA. + + Captain William Eaton, the subject of the sketch, "An American + Soldier of Fortune," in YOUNG PEOPLE No. 34, was my mother's + great-uncle on her father's side. So on her mother's side was + Colonel William Knowlton. + + CORA F. + + * * * * * + + CEDAR FALLS, IOWA. + + I thought I would write about my pets. They are two old cats, + three kittens, and a dog. Two of the kittens are gray, the other + one is Maltese. My dog meets me every night when I come home from + school, and always accompanies me when I go after wild flowers. I + live in the country, and I think it is a very pretty place to + live. I have no canary, but the birds sing very sweetly + out-of-doors, and I like that much better than having one in a + cage. I think Misfits are very amusing. I have no sister, and only + one brother. + + JOSIE M. J. + + * * * * * + + HOKENDAUGAU, PENNSYLVANIA. + + I tried the recipe for kisses sent by C. H. S., and printed in + YOUNG PEOPLE No. 35, and the kisses were splendid. + + B. H. T. + + * * * * * + + EXCELSIOR FARM, KANSAS. + + A pair of mocking-birds are rearing a nest of young birds in our + front yard, and I would like to tame two of them. Can you tell me + how to feed them and care for them? + + SIDNEY B. P. + +Directions for feeding mocking-birds were given in Post-office Box No. +13, but no doubt some of our young correspondents in the South can give +farther particulars respecting the care of young birds. We will gladly +print any information they will kindly send. + + * * * * * + + WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. + + In the summer we go to the sea-shore, about eight miles from where + we live. We ride there in carriages, and see many pretty flowers + along the road. There is a very curious one among them. It is + called Venus's-flytrap. If you put a fly in it, it will kill it + and eat it. + + I think YOUNG PEOPLE is the best paper I ever read. I am ten years + old, and my name is + + LOTTIE MAY W. + +The Venus's-fly trap does not eat the fly, but at the end of each leaf, +which springs from the root, it has a kind of appendage, armed on the +edge by glands resembling hairs, which contain a sweet liquid attractive +to insects. No sooner does a fly alight upon this sensitive leaf, than, +with a sudden spring, it closes, and crushes its victim to death. When +the fly is dead, the leaf again unfolds. This singular plant is a native +of North Carolina. + + * * * * * + + Papa and I took a ride early this morning, before six o'clock. We + saw three little squirrels, and we passed many chestnut-trees in + full bloom (June 28), and saw wild raspberry bushes covered with + ripe fruit. + + My canaries have hatched, but one egg broke, and one tiny birdling + died, but out of five eggs I have three fine young birds. Their + names are Ganarra, Goldie, and Downy. They are hopping around on + the perches now. The mother bird behaved so badly that I took her + out of the cage, and now the father takes care of the little ones. + Is such an action common on the father's part, or is my Neddy the + sweetest, dearest little bird in the world? + + I have tried almost all the recipes sent to the cooking club, and + I send one myself, for white cake: Half a cup of butter; one cup + of sugar; the whites of three eggs; half a cup of sweet milk; one + and a half cups of flour; one tea-spoonful cream of tartar; half a + tea-spoonful soda. Beat the butter and sugar to a cream, and froth + the whites of the eggs before stirring in. + + I think the Tree Album is very nice, and I would like to exchange + specimens of our trees for some of other localities as soon as I + have enough ready. + + ALTIA R. AUSTIN, + Portland, Connecticut. + + * * * * * + + ELIZABETHTOWN, ILLINOIS. + + I varnish leaves with rosin. I sprinkle fine powdered rosin on the + leaf, and then pass a hot iron over it. The rosin melts and + spreads over the leaf, varnishing it beautifully. The method is + both cheap and easy. + + Here is a recipe for cream candy for the cooking club: Three + pounds of sugar; one cup of rich cream. Stew until the syrup + candies when dropped in cold water. Flavor with lemon, and pour + into buttered tins, or pull, as you prefer. + + EDITH L. + + * * * * * + +Rodetta F. Bartlett and Margery R. H. send the cooking club recipes for +sugar-candy. We acknowledge them with thanks, but do not print them, as +they vary only slightly from recipes given in previous numbers. + + * * * * * + + WATERVLIET CENTRE, NEW YORK. + + Here is a recipe for citron cake for Puss Hunter's cooking club: + One tea-cup of sugar; two-thirds of a tea-cup of butter; two + tea-cups of flour; half a tea-cup of milk; one tea-spoonful of + soda dissolved in the milk; a little essence of lemon. Stir in + bits of citron cut thin, and bake in hearts and rounds. + + I have taken YOUNG PEOPLE since Christmas, and I look eagerly for + it every week. I have two dolls, Nellie and Pearl. I am eleven + years old. + + ANNA W. C. + + * * * * * + + I have a few specimens of trees arranged according to the + directions given in YOUNG PEOPLE No. 31. I would like to exchange + them with some little girl living in any locality except San + Francisco. + + As I live in the city, I do not have many opportunities to get + specimens, but when I do go to the country I make good use of my + time, and in spite of being very much afraid of cows, snakes, and + lizards, I sometimes venture in pretty wild places for good + specimens. + + This year we went out to Napa Valley with a friend, who drove us + all over the valley. We saw hundreds and hundreds of acres of + vineyards, and passed lots of places where they were laying out + more. + + I am an only child, and I have no pets now except my flowers and + dolls, and my own lovely piano. + + IDA BELLE DISERENS, + 734 Grove Street, San Francisco, California. + + * * * * * + + I would like to exchange pressed flowers with some little girl, + and when the seeds are ripe I will exchange seeds. I have some + nice flowering beans, and different kinds of larkspurs. I will + exchange larkspur seed for pink seed. There are many varieties of + ferns here. + + Can any one tell me how to varnish leaves, and also if there is + any way to keep pressed flowers from fading? + + MARY LOWRY, + Elizabethtown, Hardin County, Illinois. + + * * * * * + + As a great many of the other little girls write to Our Post-office + Box, I thought I would write too. Papa takes YOUNG PEOPLE, and we + children like it very much. I guess he does too. + + I have no pets, but my older sister has a pet calf, and it is very + pretty. Its name is Lily May. She feeds it on meal and water. I + have three dolls. Two are china, and one is a large wax doll, with + beautiful brown hair. + + I would like to exchange pressed flowers with any little girl. + + SALLIE M. BROWN, + London, Kentucky. + + * * * * * + + Since my letter was published in YOUNG PEOPLE No. 33, I have + received so many letters from different States--several of them + accompanied with eggs--that it is impossible for me to answer them + all promptly. I wish to tell the correspondents, through the + Post-office Box, that I will surely answer all their letters and + return them eggs, but they must not be surprised if it is not + immediately, for nearly all asked me for the same kind of eggs, + and I can only send them as fast as my agents, who are colored + children, find them and bring them to me. + + ALICE I. PAINE, + Ingleside Farm, Cherokee County, Georgia. + + * * * * * + + I would like to exchange birds' eggs with some one in a distant + State or Territory. + + GEORGE L. RUSBY, + Franklin, Essex County, New Jersey. + + * * * * * + + I am eleven years old. My papa is a doctor, and my mamma teaches a + Kindergarten school. I have a little sister we call Fredie. We + each have a kitten, and I have a canary. + + I am making a collection of bugs, butterflies, shells, and + minerals, and I would like to exchange with "Wee Tot" Brainard, + or any other little girl. I have not a very large collection yet, + but I am adding to it fast. + + JESSIE MAY ALLEN, + Charlotte, Michigan. + + * * * * * + + SALT LAKE STATION, UTAH. + + My new telescope works a great deal better than my first one. We + had to exclude about half of the light by putting a piece of + pasteboard with a hole in it in front of the object-glass, which + has a diameter of two inches, and a focus of sixty inches. It + magnifies the moon about forty times, as near as we can judge. How + can I tell exactly how many times a glass magnifies? + + How many of the other boys have tried to make a telescope + according to the directions given in YOUNG PEOPLE No. 1? + + How can I make a cheap camera obscura? + + Is it injurious to the eyes to look at the moon through the + telescope without smoked glasses? + + OLAF T. + +The oculist from whom you obtained your lenses will tell you their +magnifying power.--You do not need smoked glass when looking at the +moon.--A simple form of the camera obscura (dark chamber) is a box +furnished with a lens whose focal length is equal to the length and +height of the box. At the opposite end of the box from the lens a mirror +is placed at an angle of forty-five degrees, from which the image +received through the lens is reflected upon a piece of glass, the under +side of which should be ground, placed flat directly above the mirror. +The image will of course be inverted. It will be more distinct if the +ground glass be shaded from the light. + + * * * * * + +GEORGE L. R.--You will see by the letter of Alice Paine in this +Post-office Box that she did give her right address. Why your letter +miscarried we can not explain. + + * * * * * + +H. SCOTT.--Send your full address, and we will gladly publish your +request for exchange. + + * * * * * + +W. CHAPMAN, MARY L. L., AND OTHERS.--Write directly to the address given +by those with whom you desire to exchange. + + * * * * * + +MAUD W.--Paste your leaves firmly to the paper, and leave them under +heavy pressure until they are dry, and you will not be troubled by their +curling up. When you take them from the press varnish them, and they +will give you more satisfaction. + + * * * * * + +G. W. DAVIS.--A projectile kaleidoscope may be of any convenient size, +varying from six to ten inches in length, fitted with two lenses--one at +the object end, to throw light from a lamp through the instrument, and +the other at the eye end, through which the image is projected on a +screen, placed at the proper focal distance. Any ingenious boy can fit +these lenses to an ordinary kaleidoscope, and fit it to a stand, which +may be placed on a table. + + * * * * * + +H. T. WILSON.--The correspondent you inquire about did not desire +exchange, and we have no authority to give full address. Any short +communication you may wish to make in reference to minerals will be +printed in Our Post-office Box. + + * * * * * + +Favors are acknowledged from Bertha B. Allen, "Dick Deadeye," Elsie H. +Tatum, George Empey, S. F. W., Lizzie Allie Hill, Jessie H. R., May Bell +and Laura Milles, John R. + + * * * * * + +Correct answers to puzzles are received from A. H. Ellard, Warren S. +Banks, Frank E. Hayward, Anna W. Cragier, Jennie F. S., C. B. Howard, +L. M. Fobes, Maud Mathewson, Eddie S. Hequembourg, R. D. C. + + * * * * * + +PUZZLES FROM YOUNG CONTRIBUTORS. + +No. 1. + +DIAMOND. + +In Reynard. A performance. A seed. To attempt. In Reynard. + + C. P. T. + + * * * * * + +No. 2. + +WORD SQUARE. + +First, an animal. Second, a border. Third, a sickness. Fourth, an +aquatic plant. + + S. H. + + * * * * * + +No. 3. + +ENIGMA. + + My first is in vain, but not in proud. + My second is in wind, but not in cloud. + My third is in cat, but not in dog. + My fourth is in timber, but not in log. + My fifth is in foot, but not in head. + My sixth is in silver, but not in lead. + My seventh is in ink, but not in pen. + My eighth is in cave, but not in den. + These hidden letters, set in place, + Reveal a lady of royal race. + + THERESA. + + * * * * * + +No. 4. + +EASY BEHEADINGS. + +Behead an article of dress, and leave an animal. Behead a fastening, and +leave a light. Behead skillful, and leave a mechanical power. Behead to +dart, and leave a noise. Behead cunning, and leave a float. Behead +clear, and leave suitable. Behead an article of dress, and leave a +farmer's implement. Behead a small portion, and leave a boy's name. +Behead an inclosure for animals, and leave ancient. Behead a learned +man, and leave a period of time. Behead a support, and leave a contest. +Behead affectation, and leave an insect. + + JOHNNIE. + + * * * * * + +No. 5. + +ENIGMA. + + My first is in slipper, but not in shoe. + My second is in chop, but not in hew. + My third is in pistol, but not in gun. + My fourth is in hop, but not in run. + My fifth is in cap, but not in glove. + My sixth is in hate, but not in love. + My seventh is in turnips, but not in corn. + My eighth is in day, but not in morn. + My ninth is in cape, but not in coat. + My tenth is in vessel, but not in boat. + My eleventh is in tape, but not in lace. + My twelfth is in lip, but not in face. + My whole arises, mighty and grand, + Above the plains of a sunny land. + + MINNIE. + + * * * * * + +ANSWERS TO PUZZLES IN NO. 35. + +No. 1. + + T U R K + U P O N + R O S E + K N E W + +No. 2. + + S + S I R + S I O U X + R U M + X + +No. 3. + + P R O S P E R + L E P E R + N E T + N + A S H + D E E D S + B E A R I N G + +No. 4. + +Pleasure. + +No. 5. + + R omanof F + O versko U + B oabdi L + E gber T + R odrig O + T ennyso N + +Robert Fulton. + +No. 6. + +Titian, Rubens. + + + + +ADVERTISEMENTS. + + + + +HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE. + +HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE will be issued every Tuesday, and may be had at +the following rates--_payable in advance, postage free_: + + SINGLE COPIES $0.04 + ONE SUBSCRIPTION, _one year_ 1.50 + FIVE SUBSCRIPTIONS, _one year_ 7.00 + +Subscriptions may begin with any Number. When no time is specified, it +will be understood that the subscriber desires to commence with the +Number issued after the receipt of order. + +Remittances should be made by POST-OFFICE MONEY ORDER or DRAFT, to avoid +risk of loss. + +ADVERTISING. + +The extent and character of the circulation of HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE +will render it a first-class medium for advertising. A limited number of +approved advertisements will be inserted on two inside pages at 75 cents +per line. + + Address + HARPER & BROTHERS, + Franklin Square, N. Y. + + + + +FISHING OUTFITS. + +CATALOGUE FREE. + +R. SIMPSON, 132 Nassau Street, N. Y. + + + + +ELEMENTARY EDUCATION. + +Books for the School and Family. + + * * * * * + +ARITHMETIC. + +FRENCH'S FIRST LESSONS IN NUMBERS. First Lessons in Numbers, in their +Natural Order: First, _Visible Objects_; Second, _Concrete Numbers_; +Third, _Abstract Numbers_. By JOHN H. FRENCH, LL.D. Illustrated. 16mo, +Half Leather, 25 cents. + +FRENCH'S ELEMENTARY ARITHMETIC FOR THE SLATE. Elementary Arithmetic for +the Slate, in which Methods and Rules are based upon Principles +established by Induction. By JOHN H. FRENCH, LL.D. Ill'd. 16mo, Half +Leather, 37 cts. + +FRENCH'S MENTAL ARITHMETIC. Mental Arithmetic, in which Combinations of +Numbers, Solutions of Problems, and Principles of Arithmetical Analysis +are based upon the Laws of Mental Development. By JOHN H. FRENCH, LL.D. +Illustrated. 16mo, Half Leather, 36 cents. + +NATURAL SCIENCE. + +FIRST LESSONS IN NATURAL HISTORY AND LANGUAGE. Entertaining and +Instructive Lessons in Natural History and Language for Primary and +Grammar Schools. 12mo, Cloth, 35 cents. + +THE CHILD'S BOOK OF NATURE. The Child's Book of Nature, for the Use of +Families and Schools: intended to aid Mothers and Teachers in Training +Children in the Observation of Nature. In Three Parts. Part I. Plants. +Part II. Animals. Part III. Air, Water, Heat, Light, &c. By WORTHINGTON +HOOKER, M.D. Illustrated. The Three Parts complete in One Volume, Small +4to, Half Leather, $1.12; or, separately, in Cloth, Part I., 45 cents; +Part II., 48 cents; Part III., 48 cents. + +HOOKER'S FIRST BOOK IN CHEMISTRY. A First Book in Chemistry. By +WORTHINGTON HOOKER, M.D. Ill'd. Revised. Square 4to, Cloth, 48 cts. + +FARADAY'S CHEMISTRY OF A CANDLE. Chemistry of a Candle. A Course of Six +Lectures on the Chemical History of a Candle, To which is added a +Lecture on Platinum. By M. FARADAY. Edited by W. CROOKES. Illustrated. +l6mo, Cloth, $1.00. + +FARADAY'S PHYSICAL FORCES. Physical Forces. A Course of Six Lectures on +the Various Forces of Matter, and their Relations to Each Other. By M. +FARADAY. Edited by W. CROOKES. Illustrated. 16mo, Cloth, $1.00. + +FRENCH AND GERMAN. + +FRENCH PRINCIPIA, PART I. A First French Course: containing Grammar, +Delectus, and Exercise-Book, with Vocabularies. On the Plan of Dr. +Smith's _Principia Latina_. 12mo, Cloth, 50 cents. + +FRENCH PRINCIPIA, PART II. A First French Reading-Book. Containing +Fables, Anecdotes, Inventions, Discoveries, Natural History, and French +History. With Grammatical Questions, Notes, and a Copious Etymological +Dictionary. On the Plan of Dr. Smith's _Principia Latina_, 12mo, Cloth, +80 cents. + +GERMAN PRINCIPIA, PART I. A First German Course. Containing Grammar, +Delectus, Exercise-Book, and Vocabularies. On the Plan of Dr. Smith's +_Principia Latina_. 12mo, Cloth, 50 cents. + +GERMAN PRINCIPIA, PART II. A First German Reading-Book. Containing +Fables, Anecdotes, Natural History, German History, and a Comedy. With +Grammatical Questions, Notes, and a Dictionary. On the Plan of Dr. +Smith's _Principia Latina_. 12mo, Cloth, 80 cents. + +COMFORT'S GERMAN PRIMER. A German Primer. By GEORGE F. COMFORT, A.M. +12mo, Half Leather, 50 cents. + +COMFORT'S FIRST BOOK IN GERMAN. A First Book in German. By GEORGE F. +COMFORT, A.M. 12mo, Half Leather, 60 cents. + +COMFORT'S FIRST GERMAN READER. The First German Reader: to succeed the +"First Book in German." By GEORGE F. COMFORT, A.M. 12mo, Cloth, 50 +cents. + +OBJECT LESSONS. + +WILLSON'S MANUAL OF OBJECT LESSONS. A Manual of Information and +Suggestions for Object Lessons, in a Course of Elementary Instruction. +By MARCIUS WILLSON. 12mo, Cloth, $1.00. + +CALKINS'S PRIMARY OBJECT LESSONS. Primary Object Lessons, for Training +the Senses and Developing the Faculties of Children. A Manual of +Elementary Instruction for Parents and Teachers. By N. A. CALKINS. +Fifteenth Edition. Rewritten and Enlarged. 12mo, Cloth, $1.00. + + * * * * * + +Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York. + +_Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the United States, on +receipt of the price._ + + + + +[Illustration: SOME ANSWERS FROM OUR SUBSCRIBERS TO WIGGLE No. 12; OUR +ARTIST'S IDEA OF THE SAME; AND NEW WIGGLE, No. 13.] + +The following is a list of the names of those who sent us their ideas of +Wiggle No. 12, given in YOUNG PEOPLE No. 32: + +Joey Thacher, Sam Hogg, Thomas Allen, Alma Hoffman, John J. A. Flaherty, +Dick, Jack Schlenker, Eugene L. Pratt, F. J. U., C. D. J., P. J. P., +Katie Huntington, Clara L. Kellogg, Lizzy King, Arthur Pane, Herta Pane, +Sally Garrison, Mab, M. H. Vail, George T. Slade, Alice Carey, Frank +Metcalf, L. G. S., W. I. S., Dolly Bragdon, Vesper L. George, B. Pratt, +M. Pratt, Antoinette, W. B. Morrie, Julia D. Stryker, Dollie Kopp, Bella +Levy, Fred Kimberly, Harry Swanton, J. D. Steele, Jun., Leon M. Fobes, +Alexis Shultz, Grace Carey, John S. Brown, Charlie Conklin, Ruth Hoxie, +H. K. Smith, H. O., V. Olmstead, Frank Waid, Robert Hoyt, Clarissa Bon, +Emily Tietze, Walter Tietze, Emily Bidwell, Grace Cousins, L. R. B., Tom +F. Hotchkiss, Albert Wooley, W. M. H., Arthur Meggatt, Harry L. B. +Waters, Charles F. Peck, Jun., Harry G. Brownell, Frank S. Miller, A. B. +Stoddard, E. P. X., Mary, J. M. P., Alice E. Macomber, A. O. Thayer, +G. E. Herrman, William Reeve, W. G. Howard, Carlie Thompson, George +Wooley, A. M. Townsend, Rowan W. Stevens, Sophie I. Hall, E. B. C., Hal. +H. Moore, W. Cantrell, Mary E. Hartwell, F. A. Conklin, May L. Wight, +Charles A. W., D. G. Hicks, S. R. Townsend, Everett C. Fay, Arthur +Bumpus, G. M., J. M. Ingersoll, Benson J. Lossing, May Sawans, J. R., +Walter B. Wyman, J. Daland, Jun., Buttercup, Daisy, M. F., G. B. +McLaughlin, William A. Lewis, G. C. Southard, Nelson Wilson, H. H. +Gottsleben, John B. Whitlock, "North Star" (John R. Blake), Willie +Seaman, Edith B. Ensign, Addie Seaman, Russell L. Jones, Willie Fowler, +Fred A. W., Maggie Maynard, A. M. J., H. Western, Hattie D. Condon, +Jules, A. C. Jaquith, O. Beck, Louise Hall, Minnie Sanford, Matilda R. +Boure, P. Schamp, May A. Lobdell, Arthur Starrett, William Atkinson, +Annie Reeves, Harry Meekes, Osborn Dodge, Enid M. Saunders, E. W. +Little, C. H. Friend, Fanny Grimes, W. R. Dutton, Henry M. Alexander, +Jun., W. H. Western, Edith Cornelius, Ynez Maxia, Katie Mayo, Edna +Griswold, Carrie Peddle, M. C. Supplee, E. H. Supplee, Isabelle, S. P. +Halleck, Sarah Q., M. L. Thacher, Henry Hobart Nichols, Wiggler, +L. V. H., May and Ida Parsons, Allie Voorhees, Mollie Voorhees, Jennie +Voorhees, A. D. Gihon, Mabel Warner, A. A. Dell, Ambler Reeves, William +Lacy, Louise D. Blake, Julia Maguire, May W. Ensign, H. R., M. B. +Wightman, Roswell Starrett, Harry B. Poinier, B. E. S., Henry B. +Alexander, Annie Oliver, Baby Oliver, John M. Perry, John R. Glen, +Winnie York, Julian Gresham, H. Bush, Jasper Blines, E. Ker, Dotty +Seaman, J. McL., Marion Buster, Robbie Martin, J. F. S., F. Holton, +W. H. B., Benjamin F. Waterman, Jeanie Graves, C. D. J., G. F. McKinney, +Caroline, John R. Skeen, Jennie Hamilton, Fatinitza, Louise Buckner, +Dot, Mamie Snider, Mabel, Lou S., Frank Schmitt, Gypsy, Elsie H. T., +Altia R. Austin, Howard Rathbone. + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg's Harper's Young People, July 20, 1880, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, JULY 20, 1880 *** + +***** This file should be named 29043-8.txt or 29043-8.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/2/9/0/4/29043/ + +Produced by Annie McGuire + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. 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