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+Project Gutenberg's Harper's Young People, July 20, 1880, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Harper's Young People, July 20, 1880
+       An Illustrated Weekly
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: June 5, 2009 [EBook #29043]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, JULY 20, 1880 ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Annie McGuire
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration: HARPER'S
+
+YOUNG PEOPLE
+
+AN ILLUSTRATED WEEKLY.]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+VOL. I.--NO. 38. PUBLISHED BY HARPER & BROTHERS, NEW YORK. PRICE FOUR
+CENTS.
+
+Tuesday, July 20, 1880. Copyright, 1880, by HARPER & BROTHERS. $1.50 per
+Year, in Advance.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration: "A POOR, DOOD, DEAD BEAR."--DRAWN BY W. M. CARY.]
+
+THE BIGGEST BLACKBERRY PICKER.
+
+BY W. O. STODDARD.
+
+
+Dot Calliper had come out on the mountain-side, with all the rest of
+them, after blackberries.
+
+She had picked her little pail full industriously, but she was too fat
+and too small to climb any further among the rocks and stumps and
+bushes, so they had left her there, in the shade of the great
+chestnut-tree, to watch the milk-pails.
+
+Not that there was any milk in them just now, for all three of them were
+more than half full of great, plump, overgrown berries--blackberries,
+and the best and largest anybody had ever seen among those mountains.
+Such a season for berries!
+
+There had been a great fire three years before, and it had burned the
+woods away, and nobody knew where the blackberry bushes had come from,
+but they had moved right in as if the country belonged to them, and they
+had climbed all over everything.
+
+Dot sat by her pails and looked around, and she was half sorry all the
+berries near her had been picked and put into the big pails.
+
+All the rest, even Johnny Coyne and Pen Burke, had little pails or else
+baskets, except Dot's big brother Bob, and he was now away up the
+mountain-side with a pail that would hold almost as much as a milk-pail.
+
+Dot knew where the others were picking, for they didn't keep still a
+minute. Jessie Mack and Betsy were down among the rocks at her right,
+and Molly Calliper was with the boys up there on the left.
+
+Dot was not in the least afraid at being alone, but she did wish she was
+hungry enough to eat some more berries.
+
+She thought of it, and she tried to, but it was of no use, for all the
+while she had been picking she had put one berry in her rosy little
+mouth every time she had put another in her little tin pail.
+
+"Oh, so much berries!" sighed Dot. "They're all our berries, too."
+
+Yes, and Mrs. Calliper meant to dry them all and sell them, and buy some
+things for Dot and Molly and the baby. Bob had said that he meant to
+sell his own berries and buy him a new gun.
+
+Want of appetite was the trouble with Dot; but there was somebody else
+in there, among the thickest of those bushes, picking, picking, picking,
+and eating every one he picked, and that fellow had never seen an hour
+in all his life when he could not have eaten some more blackberries.
+
+An enormous fellow he was, and fatter for his size than Dot Calliper was
+for hers. He did not look at all ill-natured, and there was even a sort
+of funny twinkle in his little black eyes, as he pulled the branches
+full of fruit to his mouth with his great clumsy-looking paws.
+
+They were not half so clumsy as they looked, and they were armed with
+long, sharp, cruel claws that were bent in a curve, like the teeth of
+the big shell comb Dot's mother bought of the peddler for her back hair.
+Then, too, when his mouth opened wide, as it did when he made one of his
+lazy, sleepy yawns, the teeth he showed were something dreadful to look
+at. Teeth of that size were never needed for eating such things as
+blackberries. They looked a great deal more as if they were meant for
+eating Dot Callipers.
+
+He was evidently very fond of berries, and did not seem to have any
+doubt but what they all belonged to him. It was just as if he had
+offered a prize that summer for the bush that would bear the most
+blackberries, and was now going around among them to see which had won
+it. Every bush he came to just held out its branches for him to look at;
+but if Dot had been watching him, she would have seen at once that the
+fat old rascal never seemed to count the berries at all, but just
+gathered and swallowed them. How would he be able to tell, when he was
+done, which bush had done the best for him?
+
+But Dot was not watching him. She had not even seen him yet, and she did
+not know he was there till he made a great crash among the bushes, when
+his foot slipped, and he rolled down through half a dozen of them.
+
+"Bob," exclaimed Dot, "is that you? Did you tumble down?"
+
+There was no answer, and she asked again, "Bob, did you 'pill your
+berries?"
+
+Then she thought she heard something like a grunt, such as the pigs made
+when they were rooting in the garden, and she and Bob went to drive them
+out, and she said, "Oh, the pids are come! they'll pick all our
+berries."
+
+Then there came more rustling and crashing among the bushes, and then
+Dot jumped up and got behind the three big pails, for it was not
+anything like a pig that came out and began to walk toward the
+chestnut-tree.
+
+"Oh dear me!" whispered the frightened Dot. "I daren't 'peak to him."
+
+Neither did he say a word to her. He did not even tell her his name was
+Bruin, and that he was fond of blackberries, but he walked straight
+forward, and his little black eyes were twinkling more brightly than
+ever.
+
+As fast as he came forward Dot stepped back, till she stood right
+against the tree, and then she slipped around behind it, and began to
+feel that she was perfectly safe.
+
+Bruin looked into one pail after another, as if he saw at once that all
+the bushes were beaten, and was trying to decide to which of the pails
+the prize belonged.
+
+"Bob! Bob!" screamed Dot, at the top of her little voice, "there's a
+bear come, and he's 'tealing our berries."
+
+He was eating them up very fast, that was a fact--for all the world as
+if they had been picked for his benefit.
+
+Perhaps he would have liked them better with plenty of milk and sugar,
+but he did not ask Dot for anything of the kind. He just sat down on the
+grass, and took a big pail up in his lap with his clumsy fore-paws, and
+then lifted it high enough to bury half his head in it.
+
+Dot saw that he knew exactly how to eat blackberries out of a milk-pail,
+and she felt sure they would not last him long.
+
+"Molly! Jessie! Betsy! Johnny Coyne! Pen Burke! the bear's 'tealing the
+berries!"
+
+The other children heard her, and they all began to scream together:
+"Bear! bear! He's eating up Dot and the berries."
+
+Bruin had not so much as said a cross word to Dot, although it was true
+that he had not thanked her for the berries; but he was just lifting the
+second pail to his mouth, when Dot's big brother Bob heard the
+screaming, and came hurrying down the hill toward the chestnut-tree.
+
+"Der's one pail left, but he's eat up the odders," said Dot, excitedly,
+as Bob sprang out of the nearest bushes; but to her surprise he did not
+pay the least attention to the berries or the bear. He just caught up
+Dot herself in his strong arms, and ran away with her.
+
+"Bob, did you lose your pail?"
+
+"Boys! Betsy! Molly!" shouted Bob, "run! run!"
+
+They did run; but they were not like Bob, for every one of them kept
+tight hold of their berry pails. They could not run fast among so many
+rocks and bushes, but they could scramble, and they had not gone far
+before they heard a great rough voice near them shouting,
+
+"Hullo! What's arter ye all? Did ye git skeered?"
+
+"Joe--Joe Mix!" exclaimed Bob. "The biggest bear you ever saw in your
+life. Ain't I glad you've got your gun along!"
+
+"Bar? Whar?"
+
+"Up among the blackberries."
+
+"And I haven't a bullet nor a buckshot; nothin' but small shot. Tell ye
+what, Bob. Drap that little one. The bar won't foller ye. You jest run
+for the house and git yer gun, and tell yer father, and have him come
+along, and bring some buckshot and slugs for me. Bars is fat now, and
+we'll jest gather this one."
+
+Bob was putting Dot on the ground, when she said to him,
+
+"Make the bear div back the pails, too."
+
+While Bob was gone, Joe Mix made Dot tell him all about it, but he said,
+
+"I guess I won't go ahead and scare him off; he'll stay and pick
+around."
+
+"He'll pick all our berries."
+
+"Now, Dot, there's berries enough. We'll pick him. It won't do to have
+him come and pick some of your father's pigs."
+
+"Would he pick me?"
+
+"Not unless the berries were all gone, and the nuts too, and the pigs.
+But I'm glad Bob got away with ye. He might have mistaken ye for a
+berry."
+
+"I wasn't in a pail; I got behind a tree."
+
+Dot had been pretty well scared, but Bruin had behaved very well, except
+about the berries, and she was not half so much frightened as the older
+children were. Molly and Betsy came and hugged her ever so hard, and
+Johnny Coyne exclaimed,
+
+"Tell you what, Joe, if I'd had a gun!"
+
+"Oh, don't I wish I'd had a gun!" echoed Pen Burke; and then they both
+said they'd bring guns with them the next time they came after berries.
+
+Bob Calliper must have been a good runner, and his father too, for it
+was wonderful how soon the noise they made among the bushes below told
+that they were coming.
+
+That was not all, either, for a little distance behind them was Mrs.
+Calliper herself, all out of breath, with the baby in her arms, and she
+was not nearly so careful as usual in handing the baby to Molly, she was
+in such a hurry to hug Dot, and kiss her, and exclaim, "Dear! dear!
+dear! My pet! Bears! Oh, Dot, bears! Berries! My precious!"
+
+"The bear dot the berries, mamma."
+
+"Berries indeed! Who cares for berries!"
+
+Joe Mix asked, the moment Bob came near enough, "Any slugs for me?"
+
+And Bob held out to him a handful of buckshot and rifle-bullets.
+
+Joe had been drawing the old charge out of his gun, and loading it again
+with more powder, and now he poured in half a dozen big buckshot and
+three bullets.
+
+"They'll do for slugs. Got yer rifle, Mr. Calliper?"
+
+"No, Bob's brought that. I've got my double-barrelled deer gun, and I've
+stuck an awful charge into it."
+
+"That'll do."
+
+"Mary Jane," said her husband to Mrs. Calliper, "you and the children go
+on down the hill. Pen, you and Johnny see if you can't haul out that old
+stone-boat. It lies up this way, close to the foot of the mountain.
+We'll need it to get the bear home."
+
+"Oh, mamma," exclaimed Dot, "is the bear comin' to our house?"
+
+She knew very well that if he did, he would eat up all the berries that
+were spread out on the roof to dry, but her father and Joe Mix and Bob
+hurried away in the direction of the big chestnut.
+
+Mrs. Calliper would not let any of the children go, but she put down Dot
+to carry the baby.
+
+Pen and Johnny were a little sulky at not being allowed to help hunt the
+bear, but they were glad to have something to do, and went on after the
+stone-boat.
+
+That was a kind of flat sled, made of a thick piece of plank, and used
+to haul stones on, and they found it just where Mr. Calliper said.
+
+He and Joe and Bob went on up the mountain-side more and more carefully,
+but they had not far to go, and pretty soon Bob whispered, "There he is;
+he hasn't gone."
+
+"Got a pail on each side of him, and another in his lap," said his
+father.
+
+"Now," said Joe, "we've got him. We must all shoot together. Keep yer
+second barrel a moment, Mr. Calliper. Then give it to him."
+
+Joe was an old hunter, and he wasn't good for anything else; but he knew
+all about bears.
+
+Mrs. Calliper and the children heard the guns go off pretty quickly
+after that--bang! bang! bang! and then another bang.
+
+"Oh dear! I hope they won't either of them get hurt!"
+
+There was no danger of that, for the distance had been short, and ever
+so many slugs and buckshot had struck Dot's bear almost at the same
+time. He dropped the pail and rolled over on the ground, and he could
+not have hurt any one after that. He could not have picked a blackberry.
+
+There came a great shout of triumph down the mountain-side. "Mary Jane!
+come and look at him!"
+
+The boys heard it, and they tugged harder than ever at the stone-boat.
+
+Such a bear that was!
+
+"Such a berry big bear!" said Dot.
+
+It was hard enough work to get him upon the stone-boat after it came,
+and Mr. Calliper and Joe Mix and Bob were so long in dragging that load
+to Mr. Calliper's house that the children had time to pick the three big
+pails full of berries again.
+
+Joe Mix sat down on a log in front of the door, and mopped his face with
+his handkerchief, and Pen and Johnny took a useless pull at the
+stone-boat with the bear on it, and Mrs. Calliper stood behind her
+husband and hugged the baby.
+
+They had put the three pails of berries down only a few feet from the
+nose of the bear as he lay on the stone-boat, and Jessie Mack and Betsy
+went and stood behind the pails, where they were safe, but Dot wasn't a
+bit afraid of that bear now. She toddled close up to her father, as he
+stood at the head of the stone-boat, and looked down on the great furry
+berry picker.
+
+"He didn't pick me, papa."
+
+"No, Dot," remarked Joe Mix; "he couldn't sit up now ef you brung him
+all the berries you've got."
+
+"He's a poor, dood, dead bear," said Dot, pityingly. "Poor bear!"
+
+"Wa'al, no, Dot," said Joe, "he's the fattest bar I ever hauled on. It's
+all along of thar being sech heaps and heaps of berries this year."
+
+
+
+
+IN THE SWING.
+
+BY M. M.
+
+
+  Oh, swing me high, and swing me low,
+    Under the linden-tree,
+  Whose fragrant blossoms, like a shower,
+    Fall down and cover me.
+
+  The sunshine flickers through the leaves
+    As to and fro I swing;
+  Gay butterflies go flashing by;
+    Birds in the tree-top sing.
+
+  The brook tells stories to the flowers
+    The livelong summer day;
+  And everywhere the earth is bright,
+    And all the world is gay.
+
+  So swing me high, and swing me low,
+    Under the linden-tree,
+  And let the blossoms, like a shower,
+    Fall down and cover me.
+
+
+
+
+PEARLS--REAL AND IMITATION.
+
+FROM ADVANCE SHEETS OF "THE BOY TRAVELLERS IN THE FAR EAST." PART
+SECOND.
+
+BY THOMAS W. KNOX.
+
+
+While on their way from Bangkok to Singapore, Frank and Fred were much
+interested in accounts of some of the wonders of the Eastern seas given
+them by Captain Johnson, a fellow-passenger. In answer to some of their
+inquiries about pearls, he gave them the following information:
+
+"One of the favorite fishing grounds for pearls is at Bahrein, on the
+Persian Gulf. The divers bring in the oysters from the fishing banks in
+the Gulf, and pile them on the shore in great heaps. Here they lie till
+they are rotted; and the stench that arises is enough to turn any
+inexperienced stomach. When the substance of the oyster is quite
+decomposed, the shells are opened, and the mass of matter they contain
+is thrown into tubs, and washed with water. It is necessary to pass the
+pulp very carefully through the fingers, for fear that some of the
+pearls will be lost, and consequently the washing is very slow. When a
+pearl beyond a certain size is found, the washer receives a handsome
+present; but below the regulation figure he gets nothing but his daily
+wages. Large pearls are very rare, and consequently the chances that a
+pearl-washer will make a fortune by a lucky find are exceedingly small.
+
+"There is a belief quite current through the East that the pearl is a
+drop of rain-water which has fallen into the shell of the oyster when he
+was at the surface, and been afterward hardened. This is a pretty bit of
+sentiment; but as the oyster never goes to the surface unless he is
+carried there, the story does not have much foundation to rest upon."
+
+"If the pearl is so valuable, and so difficult to get, I should think
+there would be men who would try to imitate it," Frank remarked.
+
+"You are quite right," was the reply; "and men have tried a great many
+times to make false pearls."
+
+"Have they succeeded?"
+
+"Partially, but not altogether. No counterfeit pearls have yet been made
+that could pass all the tests of the genuine; but their lustre is quite
+equal sometimes to the best pearls of Ceylon, and they can be made to
+deceive anybody but an expert."
+
+"How do they make them?"
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"The best of the false pearls," said the Captain, "are made by what is
+known as Jaquin's process. M. Jaquin was a manufacturer of beads in
+France, and he spent a great deal of time and money in trying to make
+his beads better than any other man's. One day he was walking in his
+garden, and observed a remarkably silvery lustre on some water in a
+basin. It instantly occurred to him that if he could put that lustre on
+his beads, he would have something decidedly new.
+
+"So he called his old servant, and asked what had been in the water. She
+answered that it was nothing but some little fish called _ablettes_,
+that had been crushed in the basin, and she had neglected to throw the
+water out.
+
+"M. Jaquin was very glad, for once, that she had neglected her duty. He
+began experimenting with the scales of the ablette, or bleak--a little
+fish about the size of a sardine, and very abundant in certain parts of
+Europe. After several trials he adopted the plan of washing the scales
+several times in water, and saving the sediment that gathered at the
+bottom of the basin. This was about the consistency of oil, and had the
+lustre he desired. Next, he blew some beads of very thin glass, and
+after coating the inside of a bead with this substance, he filled it up
+with wax, so as to give it solidity. Thus the fish scales gave the
+lustre, the glass gave the polish and brilliancy that we find on the
+genuine pearl, and the wax furnished a solid backing to the thin glass.
+It is fortunate that the bleak is very abundant, or he would run the
+risk of extermination."
+
+"Is the manufacture of false pearls so great as that?" Fred inquired.
+
+"It is pretty extensive," was the Captain's response, "but not
+enormously so. The fact is, it requires more than a thousand of these
+little fish to make an ounce of the 'essence d'Orient,' as the French
+call it, or essence of pearl. Other substances have been tried, in the
+hope of obtaining the same result for a smaller outlay, but none of them
+have been entirely successful.
+
+"In China and Japan the natives have long followed the practice of
+putting small beads of porcelain inside the oyster, and then returning
+him to the water, where he is left undisturbed for three or four years.
+At the end of that time he is taken up and opened, and the beads are
+found to be coated with the pearly substance. They also have the trick
+of putting little images or idols into the oyster, and in course of time
+these become coated over in the manner I have described."
+
+
+
+
+[Begun in No. 31 of HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, June 1.]
+
+THE MORAL PIRATES.
+
+BY W. L. ALDEN.
+
+
+CHAPTER VIII.
+
+The next morning the boys awoke early, having had a thoroughly good
+night's rest. Tom, whose turn it was to go for milk, found a
+well-stocked farm-house, where he obtained not only milk, bread, and
+eggs, but a supply of butter, and a chicken all ready for cooking. After
+breakfast the boat was put in the water, and, to the delight of all,
+proved to be almost as tight as she was before running into the rock. A
+little water came in at first under the edges of the zinc, but in a
+short time the wood swelled, and the leak entirely ceased.
+
+The boat was loaded, and the boys were ready to start soon after six
+o'clock. There was no wind, but the two long oars, pulled one by Tom and
+the other by Jim, sent her along at a fine rate. They rowed until ten
+o'clock, resting occasionally for a few moments, and then, as there were
+no signs of a breeze, and as it was growing excessively hot, they went
+ashore, to wait until afternoon before resuming their journey.
+
+[Illustration: JIM AND JOE PLAY MUMBLE-TO-PEG.]
+
+The sun became hotter and hotter. The boys tried to fish, but there was
+no shade near the bank of the river, and it was too hot to stand or sit
+in the sunshine and wait for fish to bite. They went in swimming, but
+the sun, beating on their heads, seemed hotter while they were in the
+water than it did when they were on the land. Jim and Joe tried a game
+of mumble-to-peg, but they gave it up long before they had reached
+"cars." It was probably the hottest day of the year; and as it was
+clearly impossible to row or to do anything else while the heat lasted,
+the boys brought their blankets from the boat, and going to a grove not
+far from the shore, lay down and fell asleep.
+
+They were astonished to find, when they awoke, that it was two o'clock.
+None of them had been accustomed to sleep in the daytime, and they could
+not understand how it came about that they had all slept for fully two
+hours. They had yet to learn that one of the results of "camping out,"
+or living in the open air, is an ability to sleep at almost any time.
+All animals and wild creatures, whether they are beasts or savages, have
+this happy faculty of sleeping in the daytime. It is one of the habits
+of our savage ancestors that comes back to us when we abandon
+civilization, and live as Aryan tribes, from whom we are descended,
+lived in the far East, before they marched with their wives and children
+and cattle from India, and made themselves new homes in Europe.
+
+After lunch the boys prepared to start, although there was still no
+wind; but when they went down to the boat they found that the sun was as
+hot as ever. So they returned to the shade of the grove, and made up
+their minds to stay there until the end of the afternoon.
+
+"Harry," said Tom, "we've been on the river three days, and we are only
+a little way above Hudson. How much longer will it be before we get to
+Albany?"
+
+"We ought to get there in two days more, even if we have to row all the
+way," replied Harry.
+
+"And after we get to Albany, what are we to do next?"
+
+"We are going up the Champlain Canal to Fort Edward. There we will have
+a wagon to carry us and the boat to Warrensburg, on the Schroon River,
+and will go up the river to Schroon Lake. Uncle John laid out the route
+for us."
+
+"How many days will it take us to get to the lake?" asked Tom.
+
+Harry thought awhile. "There's two days more on the Hudson, two on the
+canal, and maybe two on the Schroon River. And then there's a Sunday,
+which don't count. It'll be just a week before we get to the lake."
+
+"I've got to be home by two weeks from next Monday," continued Tom, "so
+I sha'n't have much time on the lake. Can't we get along a little
+faster? There's a full moon to-night, and suppose we sail all night--or
+row, if the wind doesn't come up?"
+
+"That's a first-rate idea," exclaimed Harry. "We can take turns sleeping
+in the bottom of the boat. Why, if the breeze comes up in the night, we
+might make twenty or thirty miles before morning."
+
+All the boys liked the plan of sailing at night, and they resolved to
+adopt it. While they were yet discussing it, a light breeze sprang up,
+from the south as usual, and they hastened to take advantage of it. In
+the course of an hour more the sun began to lose its power; and when
+they went ashore at six o'clock to cook their supper, they had sailed
+about fifteen miles.
+
+As they expected to make so much progress during the night, they were in
+no hurry about supper, and it was not until after seven o'clock that
+they again made sail. Harry divided the crew into watches--one
+consisting of himself and Joe Sharpe, and the other of Tom and Jim. Each
+watch was to have charge of the boat for three hours, while the other
+watch slept. At eight o'clock Tom and Jim lay down in the bottom of the
+boat, and Joe came aft to take Tom's customary place at the sheet.
+Harry, of course, steered.
+
+All went well. The breeze was light but steady, and Harry kept the boat
+in the middle of the river to avoid another shipwreck. The watch below
+did not sleep much, for they had had a long nap at noon, and, besides,
+the novelty of their position made them wakeful. They had just dropped
+asleep when eleven o'clock arrived, and they were awakened to relieve
+the other watch. Tom went sleepily to the helm, and Harry and Joe gladly
+"turned in," and were soon fast asleep.
+
+Tom always declares that he never closed his eyes while he was at the
+helm, and Jim also asserts that he was wide-awake during his entire
+watch, though neither he nor Tom spoke, for fear of waking up the other
+boys. It was strange that these two wide-awake young Moral Pirates did
+not notice that a large steamboat--one of the Albany night boats--was in
+sight, until she was within a mile of them, and it is just possible
+that, without knowing it, they were a little too drowsy to keep a proper
+look-out.
+
+As soon as Tom saw the steamboat, he remarked, "Halloo! there's one of
+the Albany boats," and steered the boat over toward the east shore. The
+breeze had nearly died away, and the _Whitewing_ moved very slowly. The
+steamboat came rapidly down the river, her paddles throbbing loudly in
+the night air. Jim began to get a little uneasy, and said, "I hope she
+won't run us down."
+
+"Oh, there's no danger!" replied Tom; "we shall get out of her way easy
+enough."
+
+But, to his dismay, the steamboat, instead of keeping in the middle of
+the river, presently turned toward the east shore, as if she were bent
+upon running down the _Whitewing_. Tom was now really alarmed; and as he
+saw that the sail was doing very little good, he hurriedly told Jim to
+take down the mast and get out the oars as quick as possible. Jim
+rapidly obeyed the order, dropping the mast on Harry's head, and
+catching Joe by the nose in his search for the oars. By this time Tom
+had begun to hail the steamboat at the top of his lungs; but no
+attention was paid to him by the steamboat men, since the noise of the
+paddles drowned Tom's voice. Harry and Joe, who were now wide-awake, saw
+what danger they were in, and they sprang to the oars. The steamboat was
+frightfully near, and still hugging the shore; but Tom called on the
+boys to give way with their oars, and steered straight for the shore,
+knowing that there must be room for the boat between the steamboat and
+the bank of the river, and fearing that if he steered in the opposite
+direction the steamboat might change her course and run them down, when
+they would have little chance of escape by swimming.
+
+It was certainly very doubtful if they could avoid the steamboat, and
+Tom was well aware of it. He told the other boys that, if they were sure
+to be run down, they must jump before the steamboat struck them, and
+dive, so as to escape the paddles. "I'll tell you when to jump, if worst
+comes to worst," said he; "but don't you look around now, nor do
+anything but row. Row for your lives, boys."
+
+And the boys did row gallantly. Harry had a pair of sculls, and Jim had
+a long oar, and between them they made the boat fly through the water.
+As they neared the shore, it seemed to them that there was not more than
+three feet of space between the steamboat and the land; and Tom had
+almost made up his mind that the cruise was coming to a sudden end, when
+the great steamboat swung her head around, and drew out toward the
+middle of the river. She did not seem to be more than a rod from them as
+she changed her course, though in reality she was probably much farther
+off. At the same moment the _Whitewing_ reached what appeared to be the
+shore, but what was really a long row of piles projecting about a foot
+above the water. The boys had just ceased rowing, and Tom had given the
+boat a sheer with the rudder, so as to bring her alongside of the piles,
+when the steamboat's swell, which the boys, in their excitement over
+their narrow escape, had totally forgotten, came rushing up, seized the
+boat, and threw it over the piles into a shallow and muddy lagoon.
+
+It was almost miraculous that the boat was not capsized; but she was
+actually lifted up and thrown over the piles, without taking more than a
+few quarts of spray into her. When they saw that they were absolutely
+safe, the boys began to wonder how in the world they could get the boat
+back into the river, and Jim proposed to light the lantern and see if
+anything was missing out of the boat, and if she had been injured.
+
+"Now I see why the steamboat did not notice us," exclaimed Tom.
+
+"Why?" asked all the others together.
+
+"Because," he replied, "we have been such everlasting idiots as to sail
+at night without showing a light."
+
+[TO BE CONTINUED.]
+
+
+
+
+HOW GIL PLAYED VENTRILOQUIST.
+
+BY JAMES B. MARSHALL.
+
+
+It was before Dora and Gil Norman came back to the city last fall with
+their mamma from Farmer Jonathan's, where their papa joined them every
+Saturday afternoon and staid until Monday morning. If you had asked Dora
+or Gil what the farmer's full name was, the answer would probably have
+been, "Why, Farmer Jonathan, of course." Every one called him Farmer
+Jonathan, but his letters were usually directed, "Mr. Jonathan
+Wainwright."
+
+One morning he came to the house from his great barn, and told Dora and
+Gil to go down there and see the largest load of hay that he had ever
+had on his hay-wagon.
+
+Going to the barn, they saw the huge load of hay waiting for the horses
+to be put to the wagon tongue, and a long ladder reared against the
+wagon, by which the farm men had descended from the top of the load
+after completing it.
+
+"I'm going to the top to see how high it looks," said Gil, beginning to
+climb.
+
+Dora watched him until he was about half way up the ladder, and then
+thought that she too would like to see how high it looked. Gil had not
+thought of Dora following him, nor of the danger she would run, even
+more than his own small self, climbing to that considerable height,
+until he had reached the top, and saw that she was half way up. Then he
+did wisely, encouraging her to continue to climb rather than frightening
+her by sending her back, and he joyfully caught her in his arms, drawing
+her to the middle of the broad top of the load of hay. When Farmer
+Jonathan should come down to the barn to see the horses put to the load,
+or when Sam should come with the horses, Gil intended to call out, and
+have Dora carried down the ladder. Gil couldn't see over the sides of
+the hay, but he knew he would hear Farmer Jonathan or Sam the moment
+that either of them should come into the barn.
+
+It was so very pleasant to lie half buried on the sweet hay, watching
+the swallows darting and circling among the barn rafters away above
+them, that while Gil was wondering why Dora should be taking a nap, his
+own head nodded in sleep.
+
+When Gil awoke, the whole load was shaking, and he called out, "Are you
+there, Farmer Jonathan?" Receiving no answer, he rubbed his eyes, and
+found that he was not in the barn at all. "I've been asleep," said Gil,
+sitting up, "and Farmer Jonathan is taking us to town on top of his hay,
+and don't know it. That's jolly. When we get to town, and stop, I can
+make him hear me, if I can't now, and he will take us down. Then we can
+see him sell the hay, and afterward, as we ride home, perhaps he will
+let us take turns driving."
+
+"Oh, won't that be just splendid!" said Dora, having awakened in time to
+hear nearly all that Gil had been saying to himself.
+
+When they began to pass houses, though they could see nothing of them
+below the second-story windows, Gil and Dora knew that Farmer Jonathan
+had reached the town, and was driving along the streets. Directly Dora
+discovered the steeple of the church that stood just below their aunt
+Mary's house. Then Gil, looking ahead, saw the very house, and, what was
+more, Cousin Will eating from a paper of buns while he leaned out of the
+window to watch the great load of hay coming down the street. Before the
+wagon came opposite the window it was going on a noisy trot; Will caught
+sight of Dora and Gil on top, and he was so much surprised that, when
+Gil made a motion to him to throw them a bun, he threw the whole
+paperful right on the hay.
+
+While the hay-wagon rolled on, Gil and Dora began eating the buns, and
+Will disappeared from the window. He went down stairs four steps at a
+jump, tumbled into the dining-room, and astonished Aunt Mary, his
+mother, very much by demanding, "Oh, mamma dear, can I go and take a
+ride on an awful big load of hay?" Aunt Mary was for some time puzzled
+to know just what her excited boy meant; but when she did understand,
+she told him he might go and invite Farmer Jonathan, Gil, and Dora to
+dinner. The hay-wagon had then disappeared down the street, and Will had
+to stop every few minutes to inquire which way it had gone, for many
+persons had noticed how large the load was.
+
+As it was market-day in town, a number of people soon collected around
+the wagon, when Farmer Jonathan stopped in front of Grocer Bacon's, and
+went into the store to ask Bacon if he wouldn't buy the hay. Gil didn't
+like to call to Farmer Jonathan while the people stood around, though by
+getting as close to the edge of the hay as he dared, Gil could just have
+a peep at him through the loose hay, as he stood in the store door
+talking with Dionysius Bacon.
+
+As Dionysius considered himself a pretty smart fellow, and enjoyed
+cracking jokes with people, particularly when the joke was on his side,
+he went on chaffing Farmer Jonathan about the hay. He offered to trade
+brooms, clothes-lines, etc., for it, while those standing around
+laughed, and those passing along the street paused to see what the fun
+was.
+
+"Now is this all nice hay?" asked Dionysius, speaking as though he was
+done joking, and was very much in earnest. At the same time he was slyly
+working a clothes-peg into the hay, which he intended to find in a
+moment after, and then go on joking again.
+
+"Every spear of it sweet and dry," was the answer.
+
+"That's so, Grocer Bacon," exclaimed Gil, earnestly, and then lying very
+quiet, so as not to be discovered, and also cautioning Dora.
+
+Dionysius Bacon jumped away from the hay, dropped the clothes-peg, and
+looked foolish, for the voice seemed to him, as well as to others, to
+come right out of the middle of the load of hay.
+
+"I didn't know that you pretended to be a ventriloquist, Farmer
+Jonathan," said he, laughing; "but if you can't imitate a boy's voice
+better than that, you should take some more lessons in the art."
+
+Farmer Jonathan only smiled, and looked about him to see if he could
+discover who the ventriloquist was.
+
+"Mr. Dionysius Bacon, don't stand in the sun without your hat," said
+Gil, in a queer voice. At this every one laughed and shouted, except
+Dionysius. Gil and Dora laughed, because the people did, and this made
+the others laugh and shout harder than ever.
+
+"Good for you, Farmer Jonathan!" said half a dozen persons. "You ought
+to hire the Music Hall, and start a show."
+
+"I don't know anything about ventriloquism," said he, putting his hands
+into his pockets, and chuckling at the very idea.
+
+"But you can't imitate this," said Dionysius, trying not to appear
+provoked: "'If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.'"
+
+"'If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers,'" said Gil, imitating
+the grocer's voice as near as he could. At which you could have heard
+the people's ha! ha! has! and their shouts of delight a block away.
+
+"Now do you still mean to tell me, Farmer Jonathan, that you are not
+playing this trick?" asked the grocer.
+
+"Certainly I do. But why don't you suspect some of these gentlemen?"
+
+Then Dionysius appealed to each one separately, not even missing the
+boys and girls who had been drawn to the spot by the merriment; but all
+denied being able to ventriloquize, and said that they were sure it had
+been Farmer Jonathan.
+
+Still, of course, the farmer had to deny it.
+
+"See here," said Dionysius, "I'll buy your hay, and treat every man,
+girl, and boy present to Smith's best twenty-five-cent oyster stews, if
+you're not the man; and if you are, you are to pay for the stews."
+
+"One, two, three," said Farmer Jonathan, beginning to number those who
+stood around.
+
+"It don't matter if there are fifty of them," quickly interposed
+Dionysius; "will you accept my wager or not?"
+
+"I accept it, of course," said Farmer Jonathan.
+
+Will, having sighted the hay-wagon, just then came running up the
+street. "Please, Farmer Jonathan," said he, "mother wants you to come to
+our house to dinner, and bring Gil and Dora. May I too climb up on your
+hay?"
+
+"Why, my little man, I left Gil and Dora out in the country, at my
+farm," answered Farmer Jonathan.
+
+"Oh no, you didn't. I saw them on top of your hay-wagon here when you
+went past our house."
+
+"How are you, Will?" shouted Gil, standing up on the hay.
+
+Then, though the people could see nothing of Gil but his head, they knew
+at once that Dionysius Bacon had lost his wager. When Farmer Jonathan
+and some others had lifted Gil and Dora down to the sidewalk, they told
+how they came to be on the hay. Afterward, Farmer Jonathan, Dionysius,
+Dora, Gil, and Will headed a procession to Smith's oyster saloon of
+those who had heard Dionysius make the wager.
+
+It took forty-two oyster stews to supply all, and if it hadn't been a
+market-day, and just about dinner-time, Smith wouldn't have known how to
+have served them quickly. Forty-two stews, at a quarter each, you see,
+would amount to $10.50, and though Smith only charged Dionysius an even
+ten-dollar bill, the latter seemed to think that he wouldn't make any
+more wagers that day.
+
+The hay having been unloaded in the mean time, Farmer Jonathan drove
+around by Will's home, stopping long enough to tell Aunt Mary about the
+ventriloquist, and then continued on to the farm with Gil and Dora.
+
+But the children hadn't been missed, because mamma thought that they
+were over at the next farm-house, and she was looking for their return
+every moment.
+
+
+
+
+BEETLES.
+
+
+The great family of beetles is one of the most important in the insect
+world. In burning sandy plains, in tropical jungles, in fresh green
+fields, in bogs and swamps--wherever there is a bit of earth or
+water--there are beetles of one kind or another, following out the
+instincts assigned to them by nature.
+
+The beetle known as the sacred scarabaeus was held in great veneration by
+the ancient Egyptians, and is carved in great profusion on their tombs.
+Small gold and porcelain figures of the scarabaeus, which were strung on
+necklaces, and used in other ways for personal ornaments, have also been
+found in Egyptian sarcophagi.
+
+The way the sacred scarabaeus deposits its eggs is a wonderful exhibition
+of animal instinct. First collecting an ample supply of the material
+which the young larvae will need for food, she places her eggs in the
+middle of it. She then rolls it into a lump, and starts with it on a
+voyage of discovery. She works backward, pushing the ball containing her
+eggs behind her, until she finds soil in which she can burrow and
+conceal her precious burden. It is said to be for this peculiarity that
+the scarabaeus was venerated by the ancient Egyptians. The lump of earth
+containing the eggs was considered an emblem of fruitfulness, and the
+devotion of the scarabaeus, which would lose its life rather than its
+precious eggs, was thought to symbolize the exceeding love of the
+Creator toward men.
+
+The tiger-beetles, of which there are many varieties, are one of the
+most important branches of the family. They have great hooked jaws,
+formed to seize the small insects upon which they live. They can not
+exist in very cold countries, and they are rarely found in cultivated
+land, as they prefer burrowing in loose, sandy soil, where their little
+homes are not in danger of being disturbed by the gardener's spade. A
+remarkable tiger-beetle is the gold-cross of India, which has a deep
+velvety black body, and a golden mark on its wings in shape like a St.
+Andrew's cross. The prevailing colors of the tiger-beetle are black,
+green, and blue; but there is a little Brazilian member of the family of
+a glistening metallic crimson. It has very long legs, and prefers
+climbing among the foliage to living on the ground, like most varieties
+of the tiger-beetle. Its movements are very quick. It will pounce like
+lightning on a fly, which can rarely escape the grasp of this formidable
+enemy.
+
+A very curious beetle is the bombardier, a brown creature with green
+gloss on its wings. It carries a little bomb-shell, which it uses as a
+weapon of defense when disturbed by an enemy. It is a very sociable
+little bug, and will gather in a crowd under big flat stones in damp
+places. If the stone is suddenly overturned, the bombardiers at once
+begin a cannonade like the explosion of a grain of gunpowder, and throw
+out a puff of whitish vapor resembling smoke. The bombardiers of South
+America, China, and other warm countries, are much larger than those
+found in England, and the fluid they eject, which causes the tiny
+explosion, is capable of making a black stain, and leaving an unpleasant
+burning sensation upon the hand of any one trying to capture them.
+
+A large member of the beetle family is found in Nicaragua. It is about
+five inches long, and is called the big-bodied elephant. It is black in
+color, but appears of a yellowish-chestnut, as it is entirely covered
+with a thick, soft fur, something like the down on a butterfly's wing,
+which rubs off very easily, and shows the scaly black surface beneath.
+The big-bodied elephant is armed with a formidable black horn, forked at
+the end, which curves upward like the horn of a white rhinoceros.
+
+Certain species of the elater beetles are familiar to every school-boy.
+Elater signifies striking or bounding. Boys will know better what is
+meant by an elater beetle if they are told that it is the same thing as
+a skip-jack, or snapping-bug. If this beetle is laid on its back, its
+legs are unable to reach to either side and gain a foot-hold, and it can
+not roll over. It accordingly goes through a gymnastic movement. Curling
+its legs closely to its body, it arches itself a little, and suddenly
+springs into the air, landing on its feet, in which position it is again
+master of itself.
+
+The most remarkable among the elater beetles is the cuculio, or
+fire-fly, of the tropics. It is a very common-looking dark brown beetle
+in the daytime, the two beads, one on each side of its head, which at
+night are so luminous and beautiful, being dull white. But, wait until
+night comes, and then what countless pairs of tiny yellow-green lanterns
+are flying over the fields, and creeping about among the foliage! Boys
+and girls in Cuba make cages of stout reeds, and fill them with
+cuculios. If the cage is hung in a dark room, the light from the
+cuculios is strong enough to enable one to read print, if the book is
+held near the cage. There is also a small place underneath the body from
+which this singular beetle emits light, but the effect is not so
+beautiful as that of the two beads on the head. If the cuculio is
+disturbed by being shaken in its cage, or in any other way, the light it
+throws out intensifies until it is fairly dazzling.
+
+These beautiful beetles may easily be brought across the ocean in their
+little cages, and if guarded from cold air, and fed plentifully with
+sugar-cane, from which they suck the juice, or even with coarse brown
+sugar moistened a little, they will live a long time.
+
+[Illustration: BEETLES--AN EVENING FLIGHT.]
+
+These varieties of beetles mentioned are only a small handful among
+thousands, for there are more members of this great family than
+naturalists have yet been able to count. There are beetles that fly by
+night, and beetles that fly by day; some that live in the ground, others
+in the water, and yet others on trees and among the leaves and flowers.
+They are of all colors, and of varied appetites, some living solely on
+insects, others on fruits and vegetables and leaves of different kinds.
+
+
+
+
+[Begun in HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE No. 37, July 13.]
+
+THE STORY OF THE AMERICAN NAVY.
+
+BY BENSON J. LOSSING.
+
+
+CHAPTER II.
+
+There was war on the bosom of Lake Champlain, in Northern New York, in
+the fall of 1776. The British were about to invade the colonies from
+Canada by way of that lake. To meet the danger, the Americans built a
+small flotilla of gun-boats and gondolas in its upper waters. The
+British constructed a flotilla at its foot. The former sailed from
+Ticonderoga, under the command of Benedict Arnold, to confront the foe
+at the foot of the lake. They met not far from Plattsburg, fought
+desperately, but not decisively, and during the ensuing dark night
+Arnold with his vessels escaped up the lake. The British pursued, and
+gained a complete victory, but did not begin the invasion until the next
+year.
+
+In May, 1777, Captain Conyngham sailed from Dunkirk, France, in the brig
+_Surprise_, with one of Franklin's commissions, and soon returned to
+port with a British brig and packet as prizes. The French were
+embarrassed. They desired to help the Americans, but did not wish to
+provoke an open quarrel with the English just then. The English
+Ambassador at Paris protested, and Conyngham and his crew were
+imprisoned. They were soon released, and sailed in the _Revenge_ for
+British waters, where they spread havoc among the English shipping. The
+British were so scared that they were at their wits' end. Insurance rose
+to twenty per centum; and so unwilling were English merchants to risk
+their goods in British bottoms that at one time forty French vessels
+were taking in cargoes in the Thames. The _Revenge_ tried to intercept
+the British transports taking hired German troops to America, but
+failed.
+
+After the treaty of alliance with France was signed, the French openly
+assisted the Americans, whose cruisers and privateers became more active
+than ever. The story of their exploits in detail forms a most romantic
+chapter of American history.
+
+In the spring of 1778, John Paul Jones first appeared in European
+waters. With the _Ranger_, of eighteen guns, he went up the western
+coast of England to Whitehaven; seized the fort, spiked the cannons, set
+fire to the shipping, and departed as quickly as he came. Then he
+attempted to make his father's old friend, the Scotch Earl of Selkirk, a
+prisoner, but failed. His men carried off the family plate, which Jones
+restored to Lady Selkirk. Sweeping around Ireland, he made several
+prizes, and sailed for France. This raid greatly frightened the people
+of the English coasts. To their imagination Jones seemed like a revived
+old Sea King of the North.
+
+Jones was again in British waters in September, 1779. Dr. Franklin and
+the French King had jointly fitted out an expedition to cruise in the
+British Channel and the German Ocean, and placed Jones in command. His
+flagship was the _Bon Homme Richard_. With his little squadron he went
+far up the eastern coast of Great Britain; and on a moon-lit evening had
+a desperate battle with the _Serapis_, the larger of two armed vessels
+just started to convoy the English Baltic fleet across the German Ocean.
+
+[Illustration: BATTLE BETWEEN THE "BON HOMME RICHARD" AND THE
+"SERAPIS."--DRAWN BY HOWARD PYLE.]
+
+Jones ran the _Richard_ alongside the _Serapis_, lashed them together;
+and so, muzzle to muzzle, they poured destructive broadsides into each
+other for an hour and a half. Sometimes both vessels were on fire. When
+for a minute the _Richard_ ceased firing, the Captain of the _Serapis_
+called out, "Have you struck your colors?" "I have not yet begun to
+fight," answered Jones. The struggle was fierce for a few minutes
+longer, when the colors of the _Serapis_ were hauled down. When the
+vessels were separated, the _Richard_ was sinking, and soon went to the
+bottom of the sea. Her people took refuge on the _Serapis_, and she and
+her consort were taken into the Texel, in Holland. When, afterward,
+Jones heard that the King had knighted the commander of the _Serapis_,
+he said, "He deserves it; and if I fall in with him again, I'll make a
+lord of him."
+
+The fame of this victory soon spread abroad. The Congress gave Jones a
+gold medal. European monarchs gave him tokens of high regard. At a grand
+court banquet the King of France made him a Knight of the "Military
+Order of Merit," and decorated him with its jewel. He is known in
+history as the "Chevalier John Paul Jones."
+
+Among the younger naval heroes of the war for independence, who
+afterward became renowned, was Joshua Barney. At the close of 1780, when
+he was less than twenty-two years of age, he was made Captain, put in
+command of the frigate _Alliance_, and conveyed to France John Laurens,
+a special envoy of the Congress. On his return Barney was attacked by
+two armed English vessels, and after a severe engagement captured both
+of them.
+
+In the spring of 1782, Barney, in command of the _Hyder Ali_, a
+Pennsylvania cruiser keeping the Delaware clear of English marauders,
+honored the infant American navy by a brilliant exploit. He was
+convoying some merchant vessels, and while at anchor near Cape May was
+attacked by an English cruiser with two companions. He sent the
+merchantmen up the river, and by an expert movement got the _Hyder Ali_
+entangled with her antagonist in such a way that her great guns swept
+the decks of the foe with a destructive raking fire. In less than half
+an hour the British vessel (which proved to be the brig _General Monk_)
+surrendered. She was badly bruised, and had lost fifty men. This was
+"one of the most brilliant actions that ever occurred under the American
+flag," wrote Cooper, fifty years afterward.
+
+The war for independence was now about to close with triumph for the
+Americans and their cause. The little Continental Navy had fully
+justified the faith of the stout-hearted people by its grand
+performances. This little David had fought the Goliath of England most
+valiantly for seven years, and in the might of right its "pebbles from
+the brook" had been equal in efficiency to the huge "spear" of the
+boastful oppressor. Divine help gave final victory to the patriots.
+
+During the war the Americans had thirty-six public vessels afloat,
+besides swarms of active and efficient privateers. They had also built a
+large 74-gun ship (the _America_), but before she was put to sea she was
+presented to the French government. The veteran Manly, the pioneer of
+the naval warfare on the part of the Americans, after a long captivity,
+cruised in the _Hague_ among the West India Islands, until the
+preliminary treaty of peace was signed in the fall of 1782. He there
+closed the regular maritime operations which he had opened in 1775. The
+cruisers were recalled, the commissions of the privateers were revoked,
+and of all the vessels of the remarkable little Continental Navy only
+the _Alliance_ remained in 1783. Nothing but the recollection of the
+services and sufferings of the navy was left behind. The _Alliance_ was
+reluctantly sold in 1785 to save the expense of repairs. The exhausted
+Americans craved the enjoyment of peace, and felt no need of a navy.
+
+[TO BE CONTINUED.]
+
+
+
+
+MR. MARTIN'S EYE.
+
+BY JIMMY BROWN.
+
+
+I've made up my mind to one thing, and that is, I'll never have anything
+to do with Mr. Martin again. He ought to be ashamed of himself, going
+around and getting boys into scrapes, just because he's put together so
+miserably. Sue says she believes it's mucilage, and I think she's right.
+If he couldn't afford to get himself made like other people, why don't
+he stay at home? His father and mother must have been awfully ashamed of
+him. Why, he's liable to fall apart at any time, Mr. Travers says, and
+some of these days he'll have to be swept up off the floor, and carried
+home in three or four baskets.
+
+There was a ghost one time who used to go around, up stairs and down
+stairs, in an old castle, carrying his head in his hand, and stopping in
+front of everybody he met, but never saying a word. This frightened all
+the people dreadfully, and they couldn't get a servant to stay in the
+house unless she had the policeman to sit up in the kitchen with her all
+night. One day a young doctor came to stay at the castle, and said he
+didn't believe in ghosts, and that nobody ever saw a ghost, unless they
+had been making beasts of themselves with mince-pie and wedding cake. So
+the old lord of the castle he smiled very savage, and said, "You'll
+believe in ghosts before you've been in this castle twenty-four hours,
+and don't you forget it." Well, that very night the ghost came into the
+young doctor's room, and woke him up. The doctor looked at him, and
+said, "Ah, I perceive: painful case of imputation of the neck. Want it
+cured, old boy?" The ghost nodded, though how he could nod when his head
+was off I don't know. Then the doctor got up and got a thread and
+needle, and sewed the ghost's head on, and pushed him gently out of the
+door, and told him never to show himself again. Nobody ever saw that
+ghost again, for the doctor had sewed his head on wrong side first, and
+he couldn't walk without running into the furniture, and of course he
+felt too much ashamed to show himself. This doctor was Mr. Travers's own
+grandfather, and Mr. Travers knows the story is true.
+
+But I meant to tell you about the last time Mr. Martin came to our
+house. It was a week after I had scalped him; but I don't believe he
+would ever have come if father hadn't gone to see him, and urged him to
+overlook the rudeness of that unfortunate and thoughtless boy. When he
+did come, he was as smiling as anything; and he shook hands with me, and
+said, "Never mind, Bub, only don't do it again."
+
+By-and-by, when Mr. Martin and Sue and Mr. Travers were sitting on the
+piazza, and I was playing with my new base-ball in the yard, Mr. Martin
+called out, "Pitch it over here; give us a catch." So I tossed it over
+gently, and he pitched it back again, and said why didn't I throw it
+like a man, and not toss it like a girl. So I just sent him a swift
+ball--a regular daisy-cutter. I knew he couldn't catch it, but I
+expected he would dodge. He did try to dodge, but it hit him alongside
+of one eye, and knocked it out. You may think I'm exaggelying, but I'm
+not. I saw that eye fly up against the side of the house, and then roll
+down the front steps to the front walk, where it stopped, and winked at
+me.
+
+I turned, and ran out of the gate and down the street as hard as ever I
+could. I made up my mind that Mr. Martin was spoiled forever, and that
+the only thing for me to do was to make straight for the Spanish Main
+and be a pirate. I had often thought I would be a pirate, but now there
+was no help for it; for a boy that had knocked out a gentleman's eye
+could never be let to live in a Christian country. After a while I
+stopped to rest, and then I remembered that I wanted to take some
+provisions in a bundle, and a big knife to kill wolves. So I went back
+as soon as it was dark, and stole round to the back of the house, so I
+could get in the window and find the carving knife and some cake. I was
+just getting in the window, when somebody put their arms around me, and
+said, "Dear little soul! was he almost frightened to death?" It was Sue,
+and I told her that I was going to be a pirate and wanted the carving
+knife and some cake and she mustn't tell father and was Mr. Martin dead
+yet? So she told me that Mr. Martin's eye wasn't injured at all, and
+that he had put it in again, and gone home; and nobody would hurt me,
+and I needn't be a pirate if I didn't want to be.
+
+It's perfectly dreadful for a man to be made like Mr. Martin, and I'll
+never come near him again. Sue says that he won't come back to the
+house, and if he does, she'll send him away with something--I forget
+what it was--in his ear. Father hasn't heard about the eye yet, but if
+he does hear about it, there will be a dreadful scene, for he bought a
+new rattan cane yesterday. There ought to be a law to punish men that
+sell rattan canes to fathers, unless they haven't any children.
+
+
+
+
+POLLY.
+
+BY FIDELIA REES MORTON.
+
+
+"It's no use to tell me Polly Clark's only young and flighty, and that
+she's got a good heart, and she'll be all right when she gets older, and
+all that kind of thing. That's all stuff and nonsense. I tell you she's
+the wickedest child I ever laid eyes on, and if she were a boy, I'd know
+she'd be hung afore she died; as it is, she's sure to get her death in
+some queer way, with all them outlandish goings on of her'n." Having
+given vent to her feelings, and settled poor Polly's fate to her own
+satisfaction, Deacon Jones's wife proceeded to relate the particulars of
+the latest scandal to Sallie Perkins, the village gossip.
+
+Mrs. Jones--alas that I am forced to say it!--was not alone in her
+convictions. The majority of the inhabitants of L---- would have assured
+you, with a solemn shake of the head, that Polly Clark was, without
+exception, the "most ornery youngster" that ever was born, and "sech a
+pity, too, that Squire Clark's only child should be sech an everlastin'
+worrit to him." And yet a look at Polly would disarm suspicion. A more
+gentle, lovable-looking girl it would be difficult to find; but then we
+all know that appearances are deceitful. At church on Sunday she looked
+so fair and innocent, always paying such good attention to the sermon,
+and gazing so earnestly at the minister with those clear, soft brown
+eyes of hers, as if _so_ anxious to understand every word he uttered,
+that the uninitiated would be ready to declare that hers was indeed a
+heart without guile. But those who knew her best were well aware that
+behind this calm exterior was a mind in which the love of mischief
+reigned supreme, and for aught they knew, at the very moment when she
+seemed most impressed by the minister's arguments, she had unexpectedly
+thought of some brilliant plan that promised ill for the peace of mind
+of some intended victim. Indeed, as poor nervous little Mrs. Clark said,
+"No one ever knows what Polly is going to do next. I never get up in the
+morning but I dread what may happen before night. I don't even feel safe
+about her after she goes to bed, since the time she went into the woods
+in the middle of the night to try some trick or other with a dead cat,
+thinking, silly child, that in that way she could cure a wart she had on
+her thumb. But then," Mrs. Clark always adds, "Polly is always so
+good-tempered when she is scolded for doing wrong, and seems really to
+be so sorry about it, that I can't help forgiving her, and hoping she
+will do better next time. But she don't; she keeps on doing the most
+dreadful things, and--" And here the poor little woman generally broke
+down completely, and wept bitterly over the unaccountable depravity of
+her only child.
+
+As her mother said, Polly did indeed do "dreadful things." Many were the
+sermons the kind-hearted old minister had preached, which, although
+delivered to the congregation at large, were expressly intended to move
+Polly's heart, while she would sit calmly unconscious through them all,
+wondering what old Aunt Cassy would say when she found her pet Tabby
+gayly decorated with red, white, and blue paint in honor of the glorious
+Fourth; or whether Granny Lukens would enjoy the flavor of Cayenne
+pepper in her tea.
+
+All the old ladies in the neighborhood stood in wholesome awe of her,
+and Mrs. Jones's melancholy predictions for her future were called forth
+by the remembrance of how, a week before, Polly had presented her with a
+batch of doughnuts of her own making, which, when partaken of by some
+friends invited to tea, were found to be filled with cotton; and that
+was not the worst of it, for when Mrs. Jones attempted to pull the
+cotton from her mouth, her teeth came with it, which unexpected letting
+of the cat out of the bag, so to speak, was more than a nine days'
+wonder in L----. It is hardly necessary to add that from that time forth
+there was open warfare between Mrs. Jones and Polly.
+
+It would be too great a task for me to tell you of all my heroine's
+adventures. How, for instance, she frightened the servant-girl into
+convulsions one night by suddenly appearing to her in a dark hall, after
+having, with the aid of some sulphur matches, succeeded in making her
+face bear a startling resemblance to a grinning, ghastly-looking skull;
+and how she tied a bunch of fire-crackers to the tail of her father's
+best mule, and set them off, in return for which doubtful favor that
+agile animal bestowed upon her a kick that broke two ribs, and confined
+her to her bed for many weeks, during which period the old ladies of
+L---- were allowed to rest in peace.
+
+These are but samples of the dozens of tricks with which Polly busied
+her active brain, and by means of which she was enabled to keep those
+around her in a continual state of uncertainty as to what unheard-of
+thing she would attempt next.
+
+But Polly, like Napoleon, was doomed to meet her Waterloo. Her last and
+most disastrous exploit ended sadly both for herself and others. It
+happened in this way. Polly went to the circus. From that time forth her
+daring acrobatic feats supplied the gossips of L---- with plenty of
+material for conversation. They would tell how Polly broke her horse's
+leg by urging him to jump over a stone wall, and how she almost
+dislocated her collar-bone in turning a double somersault off a
+hay-rick; and in fact, they argued, "If she was any one else but Polly
+Clark, she'd 'a been dead long ago; but them that's born to be hanged
+will never be drowned," though in what way that proverb was appropriate
+in Polly's case they themselves could not have told you.
+
+One day Polly conceived a brilliant idea. She would get up a circus of
+her own. The little boys of the town eagerly agreed to Polly's plan of
+proceedings. They were to meet and rehearse in her father's barn on
+Wednesday night, while Mr. and Mrs. Clark were attending the Lyceum
+meeting.
+
+The appointed hour drew near, and so did the boys. With Polly at their
+head, they marched in grim silence past the house, and when they reached
+the barn, she informed them that Bridget, thinking she had gone to bed,
+was entertaining her beau in the front parlor, so they could make all
+the noise they wanted to, without fear of detection.
+
+After a moment's search Polly unearthed a couple of candles, which Tommy
+Briggs lighted; and while he and Polly adjusted the trapeze he had
+constructed in stolen moments, the other actors in the drama rigged up a
+remarkably insecure tight-rope.
+
+At last all was ready. "Down in front!" shouted Tommy, in an imperative
+manner, to the imaginary audience. "The performance is a-goin' to begin.
+First, Mr. Adolphus Popinjay is goin' to do some gymnastics with the
+trapeze."
+
+Mr. Adolphus Popinjay, otherwise Jack Hybbed, after many attempts, and
+with much assistance, succeeded in getting into the trapeze, where he
+went through a number of extraordinary antics, the most difficult of
+which was that of standing on one foot, the other leg being extended
+stiffly behind him, while with both hands he clutched convulsively to
+the sides of the trapeze. Polly felt a keen sense of disappointment over
+Jack's performance. Somehow or other it lacked the ease and grace that
+the man in the circus had exhibited. She was impatient for her turn to
+come, that she might show them her idea of acrobatism. She was delighted
+when Tommy announced that "Pauline, the great unbeaten tight-rope
+walker, is now a-goin' to come out."
+
+Polly advanced majestically toward the tight-rope, which was fastened at
+one end to a big hook in the side of the barn, and at the other end to
+the loft, against which was placed a ladder, which she proceeded to
+ascend. There was a beam overhead, which Polly was to hold on to in
+order to keep herself from falling, and assisted by it, she started out
+quite bravely; but she had taken but four steps when Tommy shouted,
+"Hold on fast, Polly! the hook's comin' out." Alas! the warning came too
+late. Before she could get hold of the beam securely, the hook came out,
+and with a cry of terror poor Polly fell with a dull thud to the floor.
+Her dress knocked over the candle as she fell, and in a second the hay
+that was scattered on the floor was in a blaze. All the boys except
+Tommy Briggs rushed screaming from the barn, but he, by straining every
+muscle, succeeded in dragging Polly out of the now blazing building, and
+then, the necessity for exertion on his part being over, he fell in a
+dead faint by the side of the unconscious girl.
+
+Help soon arrived, and the doctor being summoned, Polly was found to be
+severely injured, while Tommy escaped with some slight burns and an
+attack of brain-fever. Poor Polly! for weeks she suffered the most
+intense pain, and when at last she was able to leave her bed, she rose
+up a sadder and a wiser girl.
+
+Polly is a young woman now, but she still bears the mark of her last
+frolic in the shape of a long scar on her cheek, where she struck on the
+rake when she fell.
+
+Polly has one peculiarity. She is the confidential friend of every wild
+tom-boy of a girl in town, because, as she says, she has such unbounded
+sympathy with them, and also because she is so anxious to keep them from
+trying any such dangerous experiments as the one to which she fell a
+victim.
+
+
+
+
+HOW TROTTY GOT HIS JUMPING-JACK.
+
+BY AGNES CARR.
+
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Trotty sat on the nursery floor, gazing sadly at a broken jumping-jack,
+with only one leg, no arms, and not much of a head to speak of. It was
+weeks since Christmas, and all the toys Santa Claus had stuffed into
+Trotty's little striped stocking were cracked and broken, and now this
+jumping-jack, the last and dearest of all, had gone to pieces too.
+
+"I sink it's time Santa Tlaus tomed aden," remarked Trotty at last.
+
+"Oh no," said nurse, who was holding baby by the window; "he is busy
+now, making toys to give the good children next Christmas."
+
+"Where does he live?" asked Trotty.
+
+"In a house set in a garden of Christmas trees," began nurse; but just
+then somebody called her from the room.
+
+"I b'lieve I'll try and find dat house," thought Master Four-year-old,
+"and ask Santa Tlaus to div me anodder jumping-jack."
+
+To think, with Trotty, was to do, and five minutes later he had on his
+beloved new rubber boots, and was running down the road as fast as his
+little fat legs would carry him, with a big apple in his hand to eat on
+the way.
+
+He came first to a pond where a duck was swimming. "Quack, quack," said
+the duck; which meant, "What a nice red apple! I wish I had some."
+
+"I will div you a bite," said Trotty, "if you will show me the way to
+Santa Tlaus's house."
+
+"I don't know the way," said Ducky; "but give me some, and I will take
+you to the cat, and she will tell you."
+
+So Trotty gave her a bite, and the duck came out of the water, and
+waddled along in front of Trotty till they came to a barn, where the cat
+and her five kittens were playing in the door.
+
+"Please, Mrs. Pussy," said Trotty, "show me the way to Santa Tlaus's
+house, and I will div you a bite of my apple."
+
+"Mew, mew," said the pussy cat; which was, "I don't know the way; but
+give me some, and I will take you to the dog, and he will tell you."
+
+So Trotty gave her a bite, and she led him to the dog-kennel, where
+Towser the dog was snapping at flies in the sun.
+
+"Please, doggy," said Trotty, "show me the way to Santa Tlaus's house,
+and I'll div you a bite of my apple."
+
+"Bow, wow, wow," said Towser; which meant, "I don't know the way; but
+give me some, and I will take you to the horse, who can tell you."
+
+So Trotty gave him a bite, and together they went on to a green field,
+where a horse was feeding, and Trotty asked him to show him the way.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Neigh, neigh," said Horsy, "I don't know; but give me a piece of your
+apple, and I will take you to the boy, who will surely tell you."
+
+So Trotty gave him a bite, and the horse took him on his back, and
+galloped away, until they came to a nice little boy sitting on a fence
+whistling. There was nothing now left of the apple except the core; but
+Trotty said, "Please, boy, show me the way to Santa Tlaus's house, and
+I'll div you the tore of my apple."
+
+"I don't know the road," answered the boy; "but give it to me, and I
+will take you to the little old woman who lives under the hill, and she
+will tell you."
+
+So Trotty gave him the core, and the boy took him to a wee bit of a
+cottage, where an old woman was spinning, and a girl with yellow hair
+was stirring something in a pot over the fire.
+
+"Please, ma'am, will you show me the way to Santa Tlaus's house?" asked
+Trotty. But now he had no more apple to offer.
+
+"Yes, my little dear," said the old woman, sweetly. "Come in and rest,
+and then I will take you there."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+But the moment he was inside, she caught hold of him, took off all his
+pretty clothes, and dressed him in old rags, and would have cut off his
+curls, but the yellow-haired girl said the scissors were rusty, and she
+must wait till they were sharpened.
+
+Trotty was dreadfully frightened, and thought he should never get home
+again; but when it grew dark the old woman went to sleep on a bed in the
+corner, and then the girl with yellow hair dressed him in his own
+clothes again, opened the door, and let him run away.
+
+Trotty ran along in the dark until he saw a light, and found it came
+from a large house, and all around the house grew beautiful evergreen
+trees.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Dis must be Santa Tlaus's house," thought Trotty, "for there are the
+Tismas trees." So he trotted up to the door, and knocked. It was opened
+by a big man with bushy whiskers.
+
+"Is you Santa Tlaus?" asked Trotty.
+
+"Bless us!" said the man. "And if I am, what do you want?"
+
+"I wants a jumping-jack," sobbed Trotty. "And oh! I's tired, and I wants
+my supper."
+
+"Bless us!" said the man again. But he caught Trotty up in his arms,
+carried him in, and set him in a high chair in front of a great bowl of
+bread and milk.
+
+Trotty went to eating right away, for he was very hungry; but before he
+came to the bottom of the bowl his head nodded, his eyes closed, and he
+was fast asleep.
+
+He never knew how long he slept; but when he woke up he was in his own
+little white bed at home, and papa, mamma, and nurse were hugging and
+kissing him.
+
+But on the pillow by his side lay a beautiful new jumping-jack; so he
+knew he had found the house in the garden of Christmas trees, and seen
+good old Santa Claus himself.
+
+
+
+
+BIRDIE'S VANITY.
+
+BY C. L.
+
+
+  Pussie and Kittie strolled out one day
+  Into the garden to walk and play;
+  They rolled on the grass, and jumped so high
+  That the old drake "quacked" as he passed by.
+  Said he, "I wish I could hop so light,"
+  And on he hobbled with all his might.
+
+  Above, little Susie's Birdie swung;
+  His cage from a lofty window hung.
+  As soon as he heard the drake's lament,
+  His head on mischief was quickly bent.
+
+  "Oho, Mister Drake, you soon shall see
+  That Mistress Puss can not outjump _me_;
+  And although my legs are short and thin,
+  I'll wager that in a race I'll win."
+  So saying, he flapped against the door
+  Till his pretty wings were getting sore.
+
+  At last, with a snap, the door came loose,
+  And Birdie flew out--the little goose!
+  He flew right down to the very ground
+  Where Pussie and Kittie played around.
+  And now there began a lively race,
+  Which gained excitement at every pace.
+
+  Little Birdie chirped, and hopped about,
+  And Pussie followed him in and out,
+  Under the rose-tree and through the hedge,
+  Until they came to the garden's edge;
+  And then Mister Birdie, full of pride,
+  Mounted a tree by the water's side;
+  And there he perched, with a proud delight,
+  Boasting and singing with all his might,
+  Until, quite weary and worn, at last
+  He drooped his head, and soon slept fast.
+
+  Then up jumped Puss from her hiding-place,
+  And mounted the tree with nimble grace;
+  But so gently did her footsteps fall,
+  Not a sound the sleeper heard at all.
+
+  And now, alas! Pussie crouches low:
+  Poor Birdie will soon be gone. But no!
+  A shrill little scream is heard to rise,
+  And there stands Susie with frightened eyes.
+  Old Pussie scampers with might and main,
+  And Birdie pops wide his eyes again.
+
+  Now think of his horror when he saw
+  How near he had been to Pussie's paw!
+  I really think he deserved the pain,
+  Because he had been so very vain;
+  And I'll venture that he did not seek
+  Another frolic within a week.
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration: "KITTY, WHAT MAKES YOU SO CROSS?"]
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration: OUR POST-OFFICE BOX]
+
+
+Our exchange department is increasing so rapidly that we find it
+necessary to offer a few suggestions to our young correspondents. In the
+first place, if you desire to exchange with other correspondents, always
+give your full address. If you live in a large city, like Brooklyn, New
+York, or Philadelphia, you should state your residence, street and
+number, or the number of your post-office box, as otherwise it is not
+probable that you will ever receive an answer to your request. You have
+all heard about hunting for a needle in a haymow; and if you stop to
+think, you will see it would be just as useless to hunt for any little
+boy in New York city, unless you knew the street in which he lived; and
+the faithful "little man in gray" who hurries from house to house with
+his load of letters certainly can not be expected to know the residence
+of every Johnny Smith in the city. With many of you who live in the
+country the case is different. Probably the postmaster himself knows
+you, and will give you your letter, even if it is not addressed to your
+father's care. In future we trust you will be careful always to give
+your residence or your father's address, otherwise, as Uncle Sam's
+postman does not keep a directory of every little boy and girl in the
+land, many of you may wait in vain for a chance to exchange your pretty
+pressed flowers and other objects of interest.
+
+One thing more. When any correspondent offers exchange, and gives a full
+address, as many have done, it would simplify matters very much, and
+save us unnecessary trouble, if any one desirous of accepting the offer
+would write at once to the given address instead of to us. As we can in
+no case take charge of the transfer of specimens, which must always be
+directly between yourselves, it is useless for you to write and tell us
+you are willing to accept the offer of exchange made by any particular
+boy or girl. Write directly to them, and you will gain time, and save
+yourself unnecessary postage.
+
+As our exchange department is intended to develop in our readers a
+knowledge of the flowers, trees, butterflies, birds' eggs, minerals, and
+other natural products of different sections of their own country, we
+pay no attention to requests for exchanges of useless things, which
+could lead at best to nothing higher than the gratification of an idle
+curiosity.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The following communication was written in Danish, but as we fear that
+language is not understood by many of our readers, we publish only the
+translation:
+
+  RISERUP PARSONAGE, FALSTER, DENMARK.
+
+     I am seven years old, and I live in Denmark. I like the pictures
+     in YOUNG PEOPLE very much, and my aunt translates the stories to
+     me, for I can not read English. We have made a drawing of Wiggle
+     No. 11, and send it to you. I have a little white cat, and a big
+     black dog called Sagax. Just outside of our garden there is a wood
+     dove on its nest. I can stand close by it, and it is not at all
+     afraid of me.
+
+  EMIL KOCH.
+
+We are very sorry your Wiggles came too late to be printed among our
+answers to No. 11, for they are very pretty.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  MARION, IOWA.
+
+     I take YOUNG PEOPLE, and I don't know what I should do without it.
+     I am eleven years old, and I have three brothers, all older than
+     myself. We have two colts. One of them kicked me on the hip, but
+     did not hurt me very much. I wish some little girl would send a
+     nice recipe for making cookies.
+
+  NELLIE E. O.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  YONKERS, NEW YORK.
+
+     I have read every number of YOUNG PEOPLE, from the first to the
+     last one published. I enjoy reading the letters sent by the
+     correspondents, and I like to read all the recipes for candy and
+     cake. During vacation I am going to try them all. I have a pet
+     canary-bird, which was a birthday gift.
+
+     I am pressing a few leaves that I gathered on the Palisades, and I
+     am going to press a good many this summer. When they are ready, I
+     shall try to exchange with some little girl.
+
+  EDITH L. G.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  ST. HENRYS, OHIO.
+
+     I like YOUNG PEOPLE better than any other paper I have ever taken.
+
+     I have a pet 'coon, a squirrel, a canary, a dog, and two cats. And
+     I have a large doll. She is three feet and eight inches tall. Her
+     name is Gervaise. I got her at the Centennial Exhibition.
+
+     I love to read the letters in the Post-office Box.
+
+     I went fishing this spring for the first time, and caught six
+     fish. I am eleven years old, and now in the summer I am not going
+     to school.
+
+     Will any little girl send me a recipe for cream candy?
+
+  FLORA B.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  OKOLONA, MISSISSIPPI.
+
+     I am a little girl six years old, and I can not write very well
+     yet. I do not go to school, but mamma teaches me at home. I like
+     YOUNG PEOPLE so much! I have a little dog named Snip. I live in
+     the South, and it is pretty warm here now.
+
+     Two mocking-birds have a nest and four little baby birds in a
+     rose-bush near our sitting-room window.
+
+     Mamma and I are going to Michigan in a few weeks to see my grandma
+     and grandpa. My papa is a preacher. I have no brother or sister.
+
+  BESSIE M. MCL.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  BELLE PLAINE, IOWA.
+
+     Captain William Eaton, the subject of the sketch, "An American
+     Soldier of Fortune," in YOUNG PEOPLE No. 34, was my mother's
+     great-uncle on her father's side. So on her mother's side was
+     Colonel William Knowlton.
+
+  CORA F.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  CEDAR FALLS, IOWA.
+
+     I thought I would write about my pets. They are two old cats,
+     three kittens, and a dog. Two of the kittens are gray, the other
+     one is Maltese. My dog meets me every night when I come home from
+     school, and always accompanies me when I go after wild flowers. I
+     live in the country, and I think it is a very pretty place to
+     live. I have no canary, but the birds sing very sweetly
+     out-of-doors, and I like that much better than having one in a
+     cage. I think Misfits are very amusing. I have no sister, and only
+     one brother.
+
+  JOSIE M. J.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  HOKENDAUGAU, PENNSYLVANIA.
+
+     I tried the recipe for kisses sent by C. H. S., and printed in
+     YOUNG PEOPLE No. 35, and the kisses were splendid.
+
+  B. H. T.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  EXCELSIOR FARM, KANSAS.
+
+     A pair of mocking-birds are rearing a nest of young birds in our
+     front yard, and I would like to tame two of them. Can you tell me
+     how to feed them and care for them?
+
+  SIDNEY B. P.
+
+Directions for feeding mocking-birds were given in Post-office Box No.
+13, but no doubt some of our young correspondents in the South can give
+farther particulars respecting the care of young birds. We will gladly
+print any information they will kindly send.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.
+
+     In the summer we go to the sea-shore, about eight miles from where
+     we live. We ride there in carriages, and see many pretty flowers
+     along the road. There is a very curious one among them. It is
+     called Venus's-flytrap. If you put a fly in it, it will kill it
+     and eat it.
+
+     I think YOUNG PEOPLE is the best paper I ever read. I am ten years
+     old, and my name is
+
+  LOTTIE MAY W.
+
+The Venus's-fly trap does not eat the fly, but at the end of each leaf,
+which springs from the root, it has a kind of appendage, armed on the
+edge by glands resembling hairs, which contain a sweet liquid attractive
+to insects. No sooner does a fly alight upon this sensitive leaf, than,
+with a sudden spring, it closes, and crushes its victim to death. When
+the fly is dead, the leaf again unfolds. This singular plant is a native
+of North Carolina.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+     Papa and I took a ride early this morning, before six o'clock. We
+     saw three little squirrels, and we passed many chestnut-trees in
+     full bloom (June 28), and saw wild raspberry bushes covered with
+     ripe fruit.
+
+     My canaries have hatched, but one egg broke, and one tiny birdling
+     died, but out of five eggs I have three fine young birds. Their
+     names are Ganarra, Goldie, and Downy. They are hopping around on
+     the perches now. The mother bird behaved so badly that I took her
+     out of the cage, and now the father takes care of the little ones.
+     Is such an action common on the father's part, or is my Neddy the
+     sweetest, dearest little bird in the world?
+
+     I have tried almost all the recipes sent to the cooking club, and
+     I send one myself, for white cake: Half a cup of butter; one cup
+     of sugar; the whites of three eggs; half a cup of sweet milk; one
+     and a half cups of flour; one tea-spoonful cream of tartar; half a
+     tea-spoonful soda. Beat the butter and sugar to a cream, and froth
+     the whites of the eggs before stirring in.
+
+     I think the Tree Album is very nice, and I would like to exchange
+     specimens of our trees for some of other localities as soon as I
+     have enough ready.
+
+  ALTIA R. AUSTIN,
+  Portland, Connecticut.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  ELIZABETHTOWN, ILLINOIS.
+
+     I varnish leaves with rosin. I sprinkle fine powdered rosin on the
+     leaf, and then pass a hot iron over it. The rosin melts and
+     spreads over the leaf, varnishing it beautifully. The method is
+     both cheap and easy.
+
+     Here is a recipe for cream candy for the cooking club: Three
+     pounds of sugar; one cup of rich cream. Stew until the syrup
+     candies when dropped in cold water. Flavor with lemon, and pour
+     into buttered tins, or pull, as you prefer.
+
+  EDITH L.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Rodetta F. Bartlett and Margery R. H. send the cooking club recipes for
+sugar-candy. We acknowledge them with thanks, but do not print them, as
+they vary only slightly from recipes given in previous numbers.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  WATERVLIET CENTRE, NEW YORK.
+
+     Here is a recipe for citron cake for Puss Hunter's cooking club:
+     One tea-cup of sugar; two-thirds of a tea-cup of butter; two
+     tea-cups of flour; half a tea-cup of milk; one tea-spoonful of
+     soda dissolved in the milk; a little essence of lemon. Stir in
+     bits of citron cut thin, and bake in hearts and rounds.
+
+     I have taken YOUNG PEOPLE since Christmas, and I look eagerly for
+     it every week. I have two dolls, Nellie and Pearl. I am eleven
+     years old.
+
+  ANNA W. C.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+     I have a few specimens of trees arranged according to the
+     directions given in YOUNG PEOPLE No. 31. I would like to exchange
+     them with some little girl living in any locality except San
+     Francisco.
+
+     As I live in the city, I do not have many opportunities to get
+     specimens, but when I do go to the country I make good use of my
+     time, and in spite of being very much afraid of cows, snakes, and
+     lizards, I sometimes venture in pretty wild places for good
+     specimens.
+
+     This year we went out to Napa Valley with a friend, who drove us
+     all over the valley. We saw hundreds and hundreds of acres of
+     vineyards, and passed lots of places where they were laying out
+     more.
+
+     I am an only child, and I have no pets now except my flowers and
+     dolls, and my own lovely piano.
+
+  IDA BELLE DISERENS,
+  734 Grove Street, San Francisco, California.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+     I would like to exchange pressed flowers with some little girl,
+     and when the seeds are ripe I will exchange seeds. I have some
+     nice flowering beans, and different kinds of larkspurs. I will
+     exchange larkspur seed for pink seed. There are many varieties of
+     ferns here.
+
+     Can any one tell me how to varnish leaves, and also if there is
+     any way to keep pressed flowers from fading?
+
+  MARY LOWRY,
+  Elizabethtown, Hardin County, Illinois.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+     As a great many of the other little girls write to Our Post-office
+     Box, I thought I would write too. Papa takes YOUNG PEOPLE, and we
+     children like it very much. I guess he does too.
+
+     I have no pets, but my older sister has a pet calf, and it is very
+     pretty. Its name is Lily May. She feeds it on meal and water. I
+     have three dolls. Two are china, and one is a large wax doll, with
+     beautiful brown hair.
+
+     I would like to exchange pressed flowers with any little girl.
+
+  SALLIE M. BROWN,
+  London, Kentucky.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+     Since my letter was published in YOUNG PEOPLE No. 33, I have
+     received so many letters from different States--several of them
+     accompanied with eggs--that it is impossible for me to answer them
+     all promptly. I wish to tell the correspondents, through the
+     Post-office Box, that I will surely answer all their letters and
+     return them eggs, but they must not be surprised if it is not
+     immediately, for nearly all asked me for the same kind of eggs,
+     and I can only send them as fast as my agents, who are colored
+     children, find them and bring them to me.
+
+  ALICE I. PAINE,
+  Ingleside Farm, Cherokee County, Georgia.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+     I would like to exchange birds' eggs with some one in a distant
+     State or Territory.
+
+  GEORGE L. RUSBY,
+  Franklin, Essex County, New Jersey.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+     I am eleven years old. My papa is a doctor, and my mamma teaches a
+     Kindergarten school. I have a little sister we call Fredie. We
+     each have a kitten, and I have a canary.
+
+     I am making a collection of bugs, butterflies, shells, and
+     minerals, and I would like to exchange with "Wee Tot" Brainard,
+     or any other little girl. I have not a very large collection yet,
+     but I am adding to it fast.
+
+  JESSIE MAY ALLEN,
+  Charlotte, Michigan.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  SALT LAKE STATION, UTAH.
+
+     My new telescope works a great deal better than my first one. We
+     had to exclude about half of the light by putting a piece of
+     pasteboard with a hole in it in front of the object-glass, which
+     has a diameter of two inches, and a focus of sixty inches. It
+     magnifies the moon about forty times, as near as we can judge. How
+     can I tell exactly how many times a glass magnifies?
+
+     How many of the other boys have tried to make a telescope
+     according to the directions given in YOUNG PEOPLE No. 1?
+
+     How can I make a cheap camera obscura?
+
+     Is it injurious to the eyes to look at the moon through the
+     telescope without smoked glasses?
+
+  OLAF T.
+
+The oculist from whom you obtained your lenses will tell you their
+magnifying power.--You do not need smoked glass when looking at the
+moon.--A simple form of the camera obscura (dark chamber) is a box
+furnished with a lens whose focal length is equal to the length and
+height of the box. At the opposite end of the box from the lens a mirror
+is placed at an angle of forty-five degrees, from which the image
+received through the lens is reflected upon a piece of glass, the under
+side of which should be ground, placed flat directly above the mirror.
+The image will of course be inverted. It will be more distinct if the
+ground glass be shaded from the light.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+GEORGE L. R.--You will see by the letter of Alice Paine in this
+Post-office Box that she did give her right address. Why your letter
+miscarried we can not explain.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+H. SCOTT.--Send your full address, and we will gladly publish your
+request for exchange.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+W. CHAPMAN, MARY L. L., AND OTHERS.--Write directly to the address given
+by those with whom you desire to exchange.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+MAUD W.--Paste your leaves firmly to the paper, and leave them under
+heavy pressure until they are dry, and you will not be troubled by their
+curling up. When you take them from the press varnish them, and they
+will give you more satisfaction.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+G. W. DAVIS.--A projectile kaleidoscope may be of any convenient size,
+varying from six to ten inches in length, fitted with two lenses--one at
+the object end, to throw light from a lamp through the instrument, and
+the other at the eye end, through which the image is projected on a
+screen, placed at the proper focal distance. Any ingenious boy can fit
+these lenses to an ordinary kaleidoscope, and fit it to a stand, which
+may be placed on a table.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+H. T. WILSON.--The correspondent you inquire about did not desire
+exchange, and we have no authority to give full address. Any short
+communication you may wish to make in reference to minerals will be
+printed in Our Post-office Box.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Favors are acknowledged from Bertha B. Allen, "Dick Deadeye," Elsie H.
+Tatum, George Empey, S. F. W., Lizzie Allie Hill, Jessie H. R., May Bell
+and Laura Milles, John R.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Correct answers to puzzles are received from A. H. Ellard, Warren S.
+Banks, Frank E. Hayward, Anna W. Cragier, Jennie F. S., C. B. Howard,
+L. M. Fobes, Maud Mathewson, Eddie S. Hequembourg, R. D. C.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+PUZZLES FROM YOUNG CONTRIBUTORS.
+
+No. 1.
+
+DIAMOND.
+
+In Reynard. A performance. A seed. To attempt. In Reynard.
+
+  C. P. T.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+No. 2.
+
+WORD SQUARE.
+
+First, an animal. Second, a border. Third, a sickness. Fourth, an
+aquatic plant.
+
+  S. H.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+No. 3.
+
+ENIGMA.
+
+  My first is in vain, but not in proud.
+  My second is in wind, but not in cloud.
+  My third is in cat, but not in dog.
+  My fourth is in timber, but not in log.
+  My fifth is in foot, but not in head.
+  My sixth is in silver, but not in lead.
+  My seventh is in ink, but not in pen.
+  My eighth is in cave, but not in den.
+  These hidden letters, set in place,
+  Reveal a lady of royal race.
+
+  THERESA.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+No. 4.
+
+EASY BEHEADINGS.
+
+Behead an article of dress, and leave an animal. Behead a fastening, and
+leave a light. Behead skillful, and leave a mechanical power. Behead to
+dart, and leave a noise. Behead cunning, and leave a float. Behead
+clear, and leave suitable. Behead an article of dress, and leave a
+farmer's implement. Behead a small portion, and leave a boy's name.
+Behead an inclosure for animals, and leave ancient. Behead a learned
+man, and leave a period of time. Behead a support, and leave a contest.
+Behead affectation, and leave an insect.
+
+  JOHNNIE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+No. 5.
+
+ENIGMA.
+
+  My first is in slipper, but not in shoe.
+  My second is in chop, but not in hew.
+  My third is in pistol, but not in gun.
+  My fourth is in hop, but not in run.
+  My fifth is in cap, but not in glove.
+  My sixth is in hate, but not in love.
+  My seventh is in turnips, but not in corn.
+  My eighth is in day, but not in morn.
+  My ninth is in cape, but not in coat.
+  My tenth is in vessel, but not in boat.
+  My eleventh is in tape, but not in lace.
+  My twelfth is in lip, but not in face.
+  My whole arises, mighty and grand,
+  Above the plains of a sunny land.
+
+  MINNIE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ANSWERS TO PUZZLES IN NO. 35.
+
+No. 1.
+
+  T U R K
+  U P O N
+  R O S E
+  K N E W
+
+No. 2.
+
+      S
+    S I R
+  S I O U X
+    R U M
+      X
+
+No. 3.
+
+  P R O S P E R
+    L E P E R
+      N E T
+        N
+      A S H
+    D E E D S
+  B E A R I N G
+
+No. 4.
+
+Pleasure.
+
+No. 5.
+
+  R omanof F
+  O versko U
+  B oabdi  L
+  E  gber  T
+  R odrig  O
+  T ennyso N
+
+Robert Fulton.
+
+No. 6.
+
+Titian, Rubens.
+
+
+
+
+ADVERTISEMENTS.
+
+
+
+
+HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE.
+
+HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE will be issued every Tuesday, and may be had at
+the following rates--_payable in advance, postage free_:
+
+  SINGLE COPIES                     $0.04
+  ONE SUBSCRIPTION, _one year_       1.50
+  FIVE SUBSCRIPTIONS, _one year_     7.00
+
+Subscriptions may begin with any Number. When no time is specified, it
+will be understood that the subscriber desires to commence with the
+Number issued after the receipt of order.
+
+Remittances should be made by POST-OFFICE MONEY ORDER or DRAFT, to avoid
+risk of loss.
+
+ADVERTISING.
+
+The extent and character of the circulation of HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE
+will render it a first-class medium for advertising. A limited number of
+approved advertisements will be inserted on two inside pages at 75 cents
+per line.
+
+  Address
+  HARPER & BROTHERS,
+  Franklin Square, N. Y.
+
+
+
+
+FISHING OUTFITS.
+
+CATALOGUE FREE.
+
+R. SIMPSON, 132 Nassau Street, N. Y.
+
+
+
+
+ELEMENTARY EDUCATION.
+
+Books for the School and Family.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ARITHMETIC.
+
+FRENCH'S FIRST LESSONS IN NUMBERS. First Lessons in Numbers, in their
+Natural Order: First, _Visible Objects_; Second, _Concrete Numbers_;
+Third, _Abstract Numbers_. By JOHN H. FRENCH, LL.D. Illustrated. 16mo,
+Half Leather, 25 cents.
+
+FRENCH'S ELEMENTARY ARITHMETIC FOR THE SLATE. Elementary Arithmetic for
+the Slate, in which Methods and Rules are based upon Principles
+established by Induction. By JOHN H. FRENCH, LL.D. Ill'd. 16mo, Half
+Leather, 37 cts.
+
+FRENCH'S MENTAL ARITHMETIC. Mental Arithmetic, in which Combinations of
+Numbers, Solutions of Problems, and Principles of Arithmetical Analysis
+are based upon the Laws of Mental Development. By JOHN H. FRENCH, LL.D.
+Illustrated. 16mo, Half Leather, 36 cents.
+
+NATURAL SCIENCE.
+
+FIRST LESSONS IN NATURAL HISTORY AND LANGUAGE. Entertaining and
+Instructive Lessons in Natural History and Language for Primary and
+Grammar Schools. 12mo, Cloth, 35 cents.
+
+THE CHILD'S BOOK OF NATURE. The Child's Book of Nature, for the Use of
+Families and Schools: intended to aid Mothers and Teachers in Training
+Children in the Observation of Nature. In Three Parts. Part I. Plants.
+Part II. Animals. Part III. Air, Water, Heat, Light, &c. By WORTHINGTON
+HOOKER, M.D. Illustrated. The Three Parts complete in One Volume, Small
+4to, Half Leather, $1.12; or, separately, in Cloth, Part I., 45 cents;
+Part II., 48 cents; Part III., 48 cents.
+
+HOOKER'S FIRST BOOK IN CHEMISTRY. A First Book in Chemistry. By
+WORTHINGTON HOOKER, M.D. Ill'd. Revised. Square 4to, Cloth, 48 cts.
+
+FARADAY'S CHEMISTRY OF A CANDLE. Chemistry of a Candle. A Course of Six
+Lectures on the Chemical History of a Candle, To which is added a
+Lecture on Platinum. By M. FARADAY. Edited by W. CROOKES. Illustrated.
+l6mo, Cloth, $1.00.
+
+FARADAY'S PHYSICAL FORCES. Physical Forces. A Course of Six Lectures on
+the Various Forces of Matter, and their Relations to Each Other. By M.
+FARADAY. Edited by W. CROOKES. Illustrated. 16mo, Cloth, $1.00.
+
+FRENCH AND GERMAN.
+
+FRENCH PRINCIPIA, PART I. A First French Course: containing Grammar,
+Delectus, and Exercise-Book, with Vocabularies. On the Plan of Dr.
+Smith's _Principia Latina_. 12mo, Cloth, 50 cents.
+
+FRENCH PRINCIPIA, PART II. A First French Reading-Book. Containing
+Fables, Anecdotes, Inventions, Discoveries, Natural History, and French
+History. With Grammatical Questions, Notes, and a Copious Etymological
+Dictionary. On the Plan of Dr. Smith's _Principia Latina_, 12mo, Cloth,
+80 cents.
+
+GERMAN PRINCIPIA, PART I. A First German Course. Containing Grammar,
+Delectus, Exercise-Book, and Vocabularies. On the Plan of Dr. Smith's
+_Principia Latina_. 12mo, Cloth, 50 cents.
+
+GERMAN PRINCIPIA, PART II. A First German Reading-Book. Containing
+Fables, Anecdotes, Natural History, German History, and a Comedy. With
+Grammatical Questions, Notes, and a Dictionary. On the Plan of Dr.
+Smith's _Principia Latina_. 12mo, Cloth, 80 cents.
+
+COMFORT'S GERMAN PRIMER. A German Primer. By GEORGE F. COMFORT, A.M.
+12mo, Half Leather, 50 cents.
+
+COMFORT'S FIRST BOOK IN GERMAN. A First Book in German. By GEORGE F.
+COMFORT, A.M. 12mo, Half Leather, 60 cents.
+
+COMFORT'S FIRST GERMAN READER. The First German Reader: to succeed the
+"First Book in German." By GEORGE F. COMFORT, A.M. 12mo, Cloth, 50
+cents.
+
+OBJECT LESSONS.
+
+WILLSON'S MANUAL OF OBJECT LESSONS. A Manual of Information and
+Suggestions for Object Lessons, in a Course of Elementary Instruction.
+By MARCIUS WILLSON. 12mo, Cloth, $1.00.
+
+CALKINS'S PRIMARY OBJECT LESSONS. Primary Object Lessons, for Training
+the Senses and Developing the Faculties of Children. A Manual of
+Elementary Instruction for Parents and Teachers. By N. A. CALKINS.
+Fifteenth Edition. Rewritten and Enlarged. 12mo, Cloth, $1.00.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York.
+
+_Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the United States, on
+receipt of the price._
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration: SOME ANSWERS FROM OUR SUBSCRIBERS TO WIGGLE No. 12; OUR
+ARTIST'S IDEA OF THE SAME; AND NEW WIGGLE, No. 13.]
+
+The following is a list of the names of those who sent us their ideas of
+Wiggle No. 12, given in YOUNG PEOPLE No. 32:
+
+Joey Thacher, Sam Hogg, Thomas Allen, Alma Hoffman, John J. A. Flaherty,
+Dick, Jack Schlenker, Eugene L. Pratt, F. J. U., C. D. J., P. J. P.,
+Katie Huntington, Clara L. Kellogg, Lizzy King, Arthur Pane, Herta Pane,
+Sally Garrison, Mab, M. H. Vail, George T. Slade, Alice Carey, Frank
+Metcalf, L. G. S., W. I. S., Dolly Bragdon, Vesper L. George, B. Pratt,
+M. Pratt, Antoinette, W. B. Morrie, Julia D. Stryker, Dollie Kopp, Bella
+Levy, Fred Kimberly, Harry Swanton, J. D. Steele, Jun., Leon M. Fobes,
+Alexis Shultz, Grace Carey, John S. Brown, Charlie Conklin, Ruth Hoxie,
+H. K. Smith, H. O., V. Olmstead, Frank Waid, Robert Hoyt, Clarissa Bon,
+Emily Tietze, Walter Tietze, Emily Bidwell, Grace Cousins, L. R. B., Tom
+F. Hotchkiss, Albert Wooley, W. M. H., Arthur Meggatt, Harry L. B.
+Waters, Charles F. Peck, Jun., Harry G. Brownell, Frank S. Miller, A. B.
+Stoddard, E. P. X., Mary, J. M. P., Alice E. Macomber, A. O. Thayer,
+G. E. Herrman, William Reeve, W. G. Howard, Carlie Thompson, George
+Wooley, A. M. Townsend, Rowan W. Stevens, Sophie I. Hall, E. B. C., Hal.
+H. Moore, W. Cantrell, Mary E. Hartwell, F. A. Conklin, May L. Wight,
+Charles A. W., D. G. Hicks, S. R. Townsend, Everett C. Fay, Arthur
+Bumpus, G. M., J. M. Ingersoll, Benson J. Lossing, May Sawans, J. R.,
+Walter B. Wyman, J. Daland, Jun., Buttercup, Daisy, M. F., G. B.
+McLaughlin, William A. Lewis, G. C. Southard, Nelson Wilson, H. H.
+Gottsleben, John B. Whitlock, "North Star" (John R. Blake), Willie
+Seaman, Edith B. Ensign, Addie Seaman, Russell L. Jones, Willie Fowler,
+Fred A. W., Maggie Maynard, A. M. J., H. Western, Hattie D. Condon,
+Jules, A. C. Jaquith, O. Beck, Louise Hall, Minnie Sanford, Matilda R.
+Boure, P. Schamp, May A. Lobdell, Arthur Starrett, William Atkinson,
+Annie Reeves, Harry Meekes, Osborn Dodge, Enid M. Saunders, E. W.
+Little, C. H. Friend, Fanny Grimes, W. R. Dutton, Henry M. Alexander,
+Jun., W. H. Western, Edith Cornelius, Ynez Maxia, Katie Mayo, Edna
+Griswold, Carrie Peddle, M. C. Supplee, E. H. Supplee, Isabelle, S. P.
+Halleck, Sarah Q., M. L. Thacher, Henry Hobart Nichols, Wiggler,
+L. V. H., May and Ida Parsons, Allie Voorhees, Mollie Voorhees, Jennie
+Voorhees, A. D. Gihon, Mabel Warner, A. A. Dell, Ambler Reeves, William
+Lacy, Louise D. Blake, Julia Maguire, May W. Ensign, H. R., M. B.
+Wightman, Roswell Starrett, Harry B. Poinier, B. E. S., Henry B.
+Alexander, Annie Oliver, Baby Oliver, John M. Perry, John R. Glen,
+Winnie York, Julian Gresham, H. Bush, Jasper Blines, E. Ker, Dotty
+Seaman, J. McL., Marion Buster, Robbie Martin, J. F. S., F. Holton,
+W. H. B., Benjamin F. Waterman, Jeanie Graves, C. D. J., G. F. McKinney,
+Caroline, John R. Skeen, Jennie Hamilton, Fatinitza, Louise Buckner,
+Dot, Mamie Snider, Mabel, Lou S., Frank Schmitt, Gypsy, Elsie H. T.,
+Altia R. Austin, Howard Rathbone.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of Project Gutenberg's Harper's Young People, July 20, 1880, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, JULY 20, 1880 ***
+
+***** This file should be named 29043.txt or 29043.zip *****
+This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:
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