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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Eskimo Folktales, by Unknown
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Eskimo Folktales
+
+Author: Unknown
+
+Editor: Knud Rasmussen
+
+Translator: W. Worster
+
+Release Date: May 23, 2009 [EBook #28932]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ESKIMO FOLKTALES ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+https://www.pgdp.net/ (This file was produced from images
+generously made available by The Internet Archive/American
+Libraries.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+                           Eskimo Folk-Tales
+
+
+                              Collected by
+
+                             Knud Rasmussen
+
+                  Edited and rendered into English by
+
+                               W. Worster
+
+              With illustrations by native Eskimo artists
+
+
+
+                               Gyldendal
+             11 Burleigh St., Covent Garden, London, W.C. 2
+                    Copenhagen          Christiania
+                                  1921
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+INTRODUCTION
+
+
+These stories were collected in various parts of Greenland, taken
+down from the lips of the Eskimo story-tellers themselves, by Knud
+Rasmussen, the Danish explorer.
+
+No man is better qualified to tell the story of Greenland, or the
+stories of its people. Knud Rasmussen is himself partly of Eskimo
+origin; his childhood was spent in Greenland, and to Greenland he
+returned again and again, studying, exploring, crossing the desert
+of the inland ice, making unique collections of material, tangible
+and otherwise, from all parts of that vast and little-known land,
+and his achievements on these various expeditions have gained for
+him much honour and the appreciation of many learned societies.
+
+But it is as an interpreter of native life, of the ways and customs
+of the Eskimos, that he has done his greatest work. "Kununguaq"--that
+is his native name--is known throughout the country and possesses the
+confidence of the natives to a superlative degree, forming himself,
+as it were, a link between them and the rest of the world. Such
+work, as regards its hither side, must naturally consist to a great
+extent of scientific treatises, collections of facts and specimens,
+all requiring previous knowledge of the subject for their proper
+comprehension. These have their great value as additions to the sum of
+human knowledge, but they remain unknown to the majority of men. The
+present volume is designed to be essentially a popular, as distinct
+from a scientific work.
+
+The original collection of stories and legends made by Knud Rasmussen
+under the auspices of the Carlsberg Foundation has never yet been
+published. In making the present selection, I have endeavoured to
+choose those which are most characteristic and best calculated to
+give an idea of the life and thought of the people. The clearest
+variants have been chosen, and vague or doubtful passages omitted,
+so as to render the narratives easily understandable for the ordinary
+reader. In many cases also, the extreme outspokenness of the primitive
+people concerned has necessitated further editing, in respect of which,
+I can confidently refer any inclined to protest, to the unabridged
+English version, lodged with the Trustees of the Carlsberg Foundation
+in Copenhagen, for my defence. For the rest, I have endeavoured to keep
+as closely as possible to the spirit and tone of the originals, working
+from the Eskimo text and Knud Rasmussen's Danish version side by side.
+
+The illustrations are by native Eskimo artists. They are not drawn to
+illustrate the particular stories, but represent typical scenes and
+incidents such as are there described. In the selection of these,
+preference has been given to those of unusual character, as for
+instance those dealing with the "tupilak" theme, and matters of
+wizardry or superstition generally, which the reader would find more
+difficult to visualize for himself than ordinary scenes of daily life.
+
+As regards their contents, the stories bring before us, more clearly,
+perhaps, than any objective study, the daily life of the Eskimos, their
+habit of thought, their conception of the universe, and the curious
+"spirit world" which forms their primitive religion or mythology.
+
+In point of form they are unique. The aim of the Eskimo story-teller
+is to pass the time during the long hours of darkness; if he can
+send his hearers to sleep, he achieves a triumph. Not infrequently
+a story-teller will introduce his chef-d'oeuvre with the proud
+declaration that "no one has ever heard this story to the end." The
+telling of the story thus becomes a kind of contest between his power
+of sustained invention and detailed embroidery on the one hand and his
+hearers' power of endurance on the other. Nevertheless, the stories
+are not as interminable as might be expected; we find also long and
+short variants of the same theme. In the present selection, versions
+of reasonable length have been preferred. The themes themselves are,
+of course, capable of almost infinite expansion.
+
+In the technique of an ordinary novel there is a certain balance, or
+just proportion, between the amount of space devoted to the various
+items, scenes and episodes. The ordinary reader does not notice it as a
+rule, for the simple reason that it is always there. The Eskimo stories
+are magnificently heedless of such proportion. Any detail, whether
+of fact or fancy, can be expanded at will; a journey of many hundred
+miles may be summarized in a dozen words: "Then he went away to the
+Northward, and came to a place." Thus with the little story of the Man
+who went out to search for his Son; the version here employed covers no
+more than a few pages, yet it is a record of six distinct adventures,
+threaded on to the main theme of the search. It is thus a parallel in
+brief to the "Wandering" stories popular in Europe in the Middle Ages,
+when any kind of journey served as the string on which to gather all
+sorts of anecdote and adventure. The story of Atungait, who goes on a
+journey and meets with lame people, left-handed people, and the like,
+is an example of another well-known classical and mediaeval type.
+
+The mythical stories present some interesting features when compared
+with the beliefs and folk-lore of other peoples. The legend of the Men
+who travelled round the World is based on a conception of the world
+as round. There is the tradition of a deluge, but here supported by
+geological evidence which is appreciated by the natives themselves:
+i.e. the finding of mussel shells on the hills far inland. The
+principle of the tides is recognized in what is otherwise a fairy
+tale; "There will be no more ebb-tide or flood if you strangle me,"
+says the Moon Man to the Obstinate One.
+
+The constellation of the Great Bear is explained in one story,
+the origin of Venus in another. The spirits of the departed are
+"stellified" as seen in "The Coming of Men." There seems to be a
+considerable intermingling of Christian culture and modern science
+in the general attitude towards life, but these foreign elements
+are coated over, as it were, like the speck of grit in an oyster,
+till they appear as concentrations of the native poetic spirit that
+forms their environment.
+
+We find, too, constant evidence of derivation from the earliest,
+common sources of all folk-lore and myth; parallels to the fairy
+tales and legends of other lands and other ages. There is a version of
+the Bluebeard theme in Imarasugssuaq, "who, it is said, was wont to
+eat his wives." Instances of friendship and affection between human
+beings and animals are found, as in the tale of the Foster-mother
+and the Bear. Various resemblances to well-known fairy tales are
+discernible in such stories as that of the Eagle and the Whale, where
+the brothers set out to rescue their sisters from the husbands who
+hold them captive. Here too, we encounter that ancient and classical
+expedient of fugitives; throwing out objects behind to check pursuit.
+
+The conception of the under-world, as shown in the story of Kunigseq
+and others, is a striking example of this kinship with ancient and
+well-known legends. Kunigseq comes to the land of shades, and meets
+there his mother, who is dead. But she must not kiss him, for "he is
+only here on a visit." Or again: "If you eat of those berries, you
+will never return." The under-world is partly an Elysium of existence
+without cares; partly Dantesque: "Bring ice when you come again, for
+we thirst for cold water down here." And the traveller who has been
+away from earth for what seems an hour, finds that years of earthly
+time have passed when he returns.
+
+Spirits of the departed appearing to their kin upon earth do so with
+an injunction "not to tell." (In England we write to the newspapers
+about them.) Magic powers or gifts are lost by telling others how they
+came. Spirit gifts are made subject to some condition of restraint:
+"Choose only one and no more." "If you kill more than one seal to-day,
+you will never kill seal again hereafter."
+
+The technique of the fairy tale is frequently apparent. One
+test fulfilled is followed by the demand for fulfilment of
+another. Qujavarssuk, having found the skeleton as instructed,
+is then sent off to search for a lamb stone. This, of course, apart
+from its aesthetic value as retardation, is particularly useful to the
+story-teller aiming principally at length. We also find the common
+progression from one great or splendid thing to other greater or more
+splendid; a woman appears "even more finely dressed than on the day
+before." English children will perhaps remember Hans Andersen's dog
+with "eyes as big as saucers ... eyes as big as Rundetaarn."
+
+The use of "magic power" is of very frequent occurrence; it
+seems, indeed, to be the generally accepted way of solving any
+difficulty. As soon as the hero has been brought into a situation
+from which no ordinary way of escape appears, it then transpires--as
+an afterthought--that he is possessed of magic powers, when the rest,
+of course, is easy. A delightful instance of the extent to which this
+useful faculty can be watered down and yet remain effective is seen in
+the case of the village where no wizard can be found to help in time
+of famine, until it is "revealed" that Ikardlituarssuk "had formerly
+sat on the knee of one of those present when the wizards called up
+their helping spirits." In virtue of which very distant connection
+he proceeds to magic away the ice.
+
+There is a general tendency towards anthropomorphic conception of
+supernatural beings. The Moon Man has his stock of harpoons like
+any mortal hunter; the Mountain Spirit has a wife and children. The
+life and domestic arrangements of "spirits" are mostly represented
+as very similar to those with which the story-teller and his hearers
+are familiar, much as we find, in early Italian paintings, Scriptural
+personages represented in the costume and environment of the artist's
+own place and period.
+
+The style of narrative is peculiar. The stories open, as a rule, with
+some traditionally accepted gambit. "There was once a man ..." or "A
+fatherless boy lived in the house of the many brothers." The ending
+may occasionally point a sort of moral, as in the case of Ukaleq,
+who after having escaped from a Magic Bear, "never went out hunting
+bear again." But the usual form is either a sort of equivalent to
+"lived happily ever after," or a frank and direct intimation: "Here
+ends this story," or "That is all I know of so-and-so." Some such
+hint is not infrequently necessary, since the "end" of a story often
+leaves considerable scope for further development.
+
+It is a characteristic feature of these stories that one never knows
+what is going to happen. Poetic justice is often satisfied, but by no
+means always (Kagssagssuk). One or two of them are naively weak and
+lacking in incident; we are constantly expecting something to happen,
+but nothing happens ... still nothing happens ... and the story ends
+(Puagssuaq). It is sometimes difficult to follow the exact course of a
+conversation or action between two personages, owing to the inadequate
+"he" which is used for both.
+
+The story-teller, while observing the traditional form, does not
+always do so uncritically. Occasionally he will throw in a little
+interpolation of his own, as if in apology: "There was once a wifeless
+man--that is the way a story always begins." Or the entertainer starts
+off in a cheerfully familiar style: "Well, it was the usual thing;
+there was a Strong Man, and he had a wife. And, of course, he used
+to beat her...."
+
+Here and there, too, a touch of explanation may be inserted. "This
+happened in the old days," or "So men thought in the olden time." There
+is a general recognition of the difference between old times and
+new. And the manner in which this difference is viewed reveals two
+characteristic attitudes of mind, the blending of which is apparent
+throughout the Eskimo culture of to-day. There is the attitude of
+condescension, the arrogant tolerance of the proselyte and the parvenu:
+"So our forefathers used to do, for they were ignorant folk." At times,
+however, it is with precisely opposite view, mourning the present
+degeneration from earlier days, "when men were yet skilful rowers in
+'kayaks,' or when this or that might still be done 'by magic power.'"
+
+And it is here, perhaps, that the stories reach their highest poetic
+level. This regret for the passing of "the former age," whether as
+an age of greater strength and virtue, greater courage and skill, or
+as the Golden Age of Romance, is a touching and most human trait. It
+gives to these poor Eskimo hunters, far removed from the leisure and
+security that normally precede the growth of art, a place among the
+poets of the world.
+
+
+W. W. Worster.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+
+                                                               PAGE
+
+    Introduction                                                  5
+    The two Friends who set off to travel round the world        15
+    The coming of Men, a long, long while ago                    16
+    Nukunguasik, who escaped from the Tupilak                    18
+    Qujavarssuk                                                  20
+    Kunigseq                                                     38
+    The woman who had a bear as a foster-son                     40
+    Imarasugssuaq, who ate his wives                             44
+    Qalaganguase, who passed to the land of Ghosts               46
+    Isigaligarssik                                               49
+    The Insects that wooed a wifeless man                        52
+    The very obstinate man                                       56
+    The Dwarfs                                                   60
+    The Boy from the Bottom of the Sea, who frightened the
+    people of the house to death                                 64
+    The Raven and the Goose                                      66
+    When the Ravens could speak                                  67
+    Makite                                                       68
+    Asaloq                                                       71
+    Ukaleq                                                       73
+    Ikardlituarssuk                                              75
+    The Raven who wanted a wife                                  77
+    The man who took a Vixen to wife                             79
+    The great bear                                               81
+    The man who became a star                                    82
+    The woman with the iron tail                                 83
+    How the fog came                                             84
+    The man who avenged the widows                               86
+    The man who went out to search for his son                   88
+    Atungait, who went a-wandering                               90
+    Kumagdlak and the living arrows                              93
+    The Giant Dog                                                95
+    The Inland-dwellers of Etah                                  97
+    The man who stabbed his wife in the leg                      98
+    The soul that lived in the bodies of all beasts             100
+    Papik, who killed his wife's brother                        104
+    Patussorssuaq, who killed his uncle                         107
+    The men who changed wives                                   109
+    Artuk, who did all forbidden things                         110
+    The thunder spirits                                         111
+    Nerrivik                                                    113
+    The wife who lied                                           115
+    Kagssagssuk, the homeless boy who became a strong man       117
+    Qasiagssaq, the great liar                                  123
+    The Eagle and the Whale                                     130
+    The two little Outcasts                                     133
+    Atdlarneq, the great glutton                                136
+    Angangujuk                                                  139
+    Atarssuaq                                                   142
+    Puagssuaq                                                   146
+    Tungujuluk and Saunikoq                                     148
+    Anarteq                                                     150
+    The Guillemot that could talk                               152
+    Kanagssuaq                                                  154
+    The sources of the various legends                          157
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ILLUSTRATIONS
+
+
+    Man and wife from Angmagssalik                     Frontispiece
+
+                                                       To face page
+
+    Making a tupilak. Note the bones of various animals
+    used: The monster is on the point of coming to life          18
+    Hunter in kayak. The creature behind is a monster that
+    frightens all the seal away                                  34
+    Hunters encountering Sarqiserasak, a dangerous troll,
+    who rows in a half kayak himself, and upsets all he
+    meets with his paddle                                        34
+    Wizard preparing for a "spirit fight." He is bound head
+    to knees and hands behind; the magic drum resting on his
+    foot is beating itself. Bird's wings are fastened to his
+    back                                                         50
+    "Inland-dweller" armed with bow and arrow                    70
+    An "inland-dweller," half dog, half human, pointing out
+    a settlement for destruction                                 96
+    A tupilak frightening a man to death in his kayak            96
+    Evil spirit entering a house                                116
+    Wizard calling up a "helping spirit"                        140
+    Flying race between two wizards, one of whom, unable
+    to keep up, has fallen to earth, and is vainly begging
+    the other to stop                                           148
+    Angiut, a "helping spirit," who knows all about
+    everywhere                                                  148
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ESKIMO FOLK-TALES
+
+
+THE TWO FRIENDS WHO SET OFF TO TRAVEL ROUND THE WORLD
+
+
+Once there were two men who desired to travel round the world, that
+they might tell others what was the manner of it.
+
+This was in the days when men were still many on the earth, and there
+were people in all the lands. Now we grow fewer and fewer. Evil and
+sickness have come upon men. See how I, who tell this story, drag my
+life along, unable to stand upon my feet.
+
+The two men who were setting out had each newly taken a wife, and had
+as yet no children. They made themselves cups of musk-ox horn, each
+making a cup for himself from one side of the same beast's head. And
+they set out, each going away from the other, that they might go by
+different ways and meet again some day. They travelled with sledges,
+and chose land to stay and live upon each summer.
+
+It took them a long time to get round the world; they had children,
+and they grew old, and then their children also grew old, until
+at last the parents were so old that they could not walk, but the
+children led them.
+
+And at last one day, they met--and of their drinking horns there was
+but the handle left, so many times had they drunk water by the way,
+scraping the horn against the ground as they filled them.
+
+"The world is great indeed," they said when they met.
+
+They had been young at their starting, and now they were old men,
+led by their children.
+
+Truly the world is great.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE COMING OF MEN, A LONG, LONG WHILE AGO
+
+
+Our forefathers have told us much of the coming of earth, and of
+men, and it was a long, long while ago. Those who lived long before
+our day, they did not know how to store their words in little black
+marks, as you do; they could only tell stories. And they told of many
+things, and therefore we are not without knowledge of these things,
+which we have heard told many and many a time, since we were little
+children. Old women do not waste their words idly, and we believe
+what they say. Old age does not lie.
+
+A long, long time ago, when the earth was to be made, it fell down
+from the sky. Earth, hills and stones, all fell down from the sky,
+and thus the earth was made.
+
+And then, when the earth was made, came men.
+
+It is said that they came forth out of the earth. Little children
+came out of the earth. They came forth from among the willow bushes,
+all covered with willow leaves. And there they lay among the little
+bushes: lay and kicked, for they could not even crawl. And they got
+their food from the earth.
+
+Then there is something about a man and a woman, but what of them? It
+is not clearly known. When did they find each other, and when had they
+grown up? I do not know. But the woman sewed, and made children's
+clothes, and wandered forth. And she found little children, and
+dressed them in the clothes, and brought them home.
+
+And in this way men grew to be many.
+
+And being now so many, they desired to have dogs. So a man went out
+with a dog leash in his hand, and began to stamp on the ground, crying
+"Hok--hok--hok!" Then the dogs came hurrying out from the hummocks,
+and shook themselves violently, for their coats were full of sand. Thus
+men found dogs.
+
+But then children began to be born, and men grew to be very many on the
+earth. They knew nothing of death in those days, a long, long time ago,
+and grew to be very old. At last they could not walk, but went blind,
+and could not lie down.
+
+Neither did they know the sun, but lived in the dark. No day ever
+dawned. Only inside their houses was there ever light, and they burned
+water in their lamps, for in those days water would burn.
+
+But these men who did not know how to die, they grew to be too many,
+and crowded the earth. And then there came a mighty flood from the
+sea. Many were drowned, and men grew fewer. We can still see marks
+of that great flood, on the high hill-tops, where mussel shells may
+often be found.
+
+And now that men had begun to be fewer, two old women began to
+speak thus:
+
+"Better to be without day, if thus we may be without death," said
+the one.
+
+"No; let us have both light and death," said the other.
+
+And when the old woman had spoken these words, it was as she had
+wished. Light came, and death.
+
+It is said, that when the first man died, others covered up the body
+with stones. But the body came back again, not knowing rightly how to
+die. It stuck out its head from the bench, and tried to get up. But
+an old woman thrust it back, and said:
+
+"We have much to carry, and our sledges are small."
+
+For they were about to set out on a hunting journey. And so the dead
+one was forced to go back to the mound of stones.
+
+And now, after men had got light on their earth, they were able
+to go on journeys, and to hunt, and no longer needed to eat of the
+earth. And with death came also the sun, moon and stars.
+
+For when men die, they go up into the sky and become brightly shining
+things there.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+NUKUNGUASIK, WHO ESCAPED FROM THE TUPILAK [1]
+
+
+Nukunguasik, it is said, had land in a place with many brothers. When
+the brothers made a catch, they gave him meat for the pot; he himself
+had no wife.
+
+One day he rowed northward in his kayak, and suddenly he took it into
+his head to row over to a big island which he had never visited before,
+and now wished to see. He landed, and went up to look at the land,
+and it was very beautiful there.
+
+And here he came upon the middle one of many brothers, busy with
+something or other down in a hollow, and whispering all the time. So
+he crawled stealthily towards him, and when he had come closer,
+he heard him whispering these words:
+
+"You are to bite Nukunguasik to death; you are to bite Nukunguasik
+to death."
+
+And then it was clear that he was making a Tupilak, and stood there
+now telling it what to do. But suddenly Nukunguasik slapped him on
+the side and said: "But where is this Nukunguasik?"
+
+And the man was so frightened at this that he fell down dead.
+
+And then Nukunguasik saw that the man had been letting the Tupilak
+sniff at his body. And the Tupilak was now alive, and lay there
+sniffing. But Nukunguasik, being afraid of the Tupilak, went away
+without trying to harm it.
+
+Now he rowed home, and there the many brothers were waiting in vain
+for the middle one to return. At last the day dawned, and still he
+had not come. And daylight came, and then as they were preparing to
+go out in search of him, the eldest of them said to Nukunguasik:
+
+"Nukunguasik, come with us; we must search for him."
+
+And so Nukunguasik went with them, but as they found nothing, he said:
+
+"Would it not be well to go and make search over on that island,
+where no one ever goes?"
+
+And having gone on to the island, Nukunguasik said:
+
+"Now you can go and look on the southern side."
+
+When the brothers reached the place, he heard them cry out, and the
+eldest said:
+
+"O wretched one! Why did you ever meddle with such a thing as this!"
+
+And they could be heard weeping all together about the dead man.
+
+And now Nukunguasik went up to them, and there lay the Tupilak, still
+alive, and nibbling at the body of the dead man. But the brothers
+buried him there, making a mound of stones above him. And then they
+went home.
+
+Nukunguasik lived there as the oldest in the place, and died at last
+after many years.
+
+Here I end this story: I know no more.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+QUJAVARSSUK
+
+
+A strong man had land at Ikerssuaq. The only other one there was an
+old man, one who lived on nothing but devil-fish; when the strong man
+had caught more than he needed, the old man had always plenty of meat,
+which was given him in exchange for his fish.
+
+The strong one, men say, he who never failed to catch seal when
+he went out hunting, became silent as time went on, and then very
+silent. And this no doubt was because he could get no children.
+
+The old one was a wizard, and one day the strong one came to him
+and said:
+
+"To-morrow, when my wife comes down to the shore close by where you
+are fishing, go to her. For this I will give you something of my
+catch each day."
+
+And this no doubt was because he wanted his wife to have a child,
+for he wished greatly to have a child, and could not bring it about.
+
+The old man did not forget those words which were said to him.
+
+And to his wife also, the strong one said:
+
+"To-morrow, when the old one is out fishing, go you down finely
+dressed, to the shore close by."
+
+And she did it as he had said. When they had slept and again awakened,
+she watched to see when the old one went out. And when he rowed
+away, she put on her finest clothes and followed after him along the
+shore. When she came in sight of him, he lay out there fishing. Then
+eagerly she stood up on the shore, and looked out towards him. And
+now he looked at her, and then again out over the sea, and this went
+on for a long time. She stood there a long time in vain, looking out
+towards him, but he would not come in to where she was, and therefore
+she went home. As soon as she had come home, her husband rowed up to
+the old one, and asked:
+
+"Did you not go to my wife to-day?"
+
+The old one said:
+
+"No."
+
+And again the strong one said a second time:
+
+"Then do not fail to go to her to-morrow."
+
+But when the old one came home, he could not forget the strong man's
+words. In the evening, the strong one said that same thing again to
+his wife, and a second time told her to go to the old one.
+
+They slept, and awakened, and the strong man went out hunting as was
+his wont. Then his wife waited only until the old one had gone out,
+and as soon as he was gone, she put on her finest clothes and followed
+after. When she came in sight of the water, the old one was sitting
+there in his boat as on the other days, and fishing. Now the old
+one turned his head and saw her, and he could see that she was even
+more finely dressed than on the day before. And now a great desire
+of her came over him, and he made up his mind to row in to where she
+was. He came in to the land, and stepped out of his kayak and went
+up to her. And now he went to her this time.
+
+Then he rowed out again, but he caught scarcely any fish that day.
+
+When only a little time had gone, the strong man came rowing out to
+him and said:
+
+"Now perhaps you have again failed to go to my wife?"
+
+When these words were spoken, the old one turned his head away,
+and said:
+
+"To-day I have not failed to be with her."
+
+When the strong one heard this, he took one of the seals he had caught,
+and gave it to the old man, and said:
+
+"Take this; it is yours."
+
+And in this way he acted towards him from that time. The old one came
+home that day dragging a seal behind him. And this he could often
+do thereafter.
+
+When the strong one came home, he said to his wife:
+
+"When I go out to-morrow in my kayak, it is not to hunt seal; therefore
+watch carefully for my return when the sun is in the west."
+
+Next day he went out in his kayak, and when the sun was in the west,
+his wife went often and often to look out. And once when she went
+thus, she saw that he had come, and from that moment she was no
+longer sleepy.
+
+As the strong one came nearer and nearer to land, he paddled more
+and more strongly.
+
+Now his wife went down to that place where he was about to land,
+and turned and sat down with her back to the sea. The man unfastened
+his hunting fur from the ring of his kayak, and put his hand into the
+back of the kayak, and took out a sea serpent, and struck his wife
+on the back. At this she felt very cold, and her skin smarted. Then
+she stood up and went home. But her husband said no word to her. Then
+they slept, and awakened, and then the old one came to them and said:
+
+"Now you must search for the carrion of a cormorant, with only the
+skeleton remaining, for your wife is with child."
+
+And the strong one went out eagerly to search for this.
+
+One day, paddling southward in his kayak, as was his custom, he started
+to search all the little bird cliffs. And coming to the foot of one of
+them, he saw that which he so greatly wished to see; the carrion of
+a big cormorant, which had now become a skeleton. It lay there quite
+easy to see. But there was no way of coming to the place where it
+was, not from above nor from below, nor from the side. Yet he would
+try. He tied his hunting line fast to the cross thongs on his kayak,
+and thrust his hand into a small crack a little way up the cliff. And
+now he tried to climb up there with his hands alone. And at last he
+got that skeleton, and came down in the same way back to his kayak,
+and got into it, and rowed away northward to his home. And almost
+before he had reached land, the old one came to him, and the cormorant
+skeleton was taken out of the kayak. Now the old one trembled all over
+with surprise. And he took the skeleton, and put it away, and said:
+
+"Now you must search for a soft stone, which has never felt the sun,
+a stone good to make a lamp of."
+
+And the strong man began to search for such a stone.
+
+Once when he was on this search, he came to a cliff, which stood in
+such a place that it never felt the sun, and here he found a fine lamp
+stone. And he brought it home, and the old one took it and put it away.
+
+A few days passed, and then the strong one's wife began to feel
+the birth-pangs, and the old one went in there at once with his own
+wife. Then she bore a son, and when he was born, the strong man said
+to the old one:
+
+"This is your child; name him after some dead one." [2]
+
+"Let him be named after him who died of hunger in the north,
+at Amerdloq."
+
+This the old one said. And then he said:
+
+"His name shall be Qujavarssuk!"
+
+And in this way the old one gave him that name.
+
+Now Qujavarssuk grew up, and when he was grown big enough, the strong
+man said to the old one:
+
+"Make a kayak for him."
+
+Now the old one made him a kayak, and the kayak was finished. And when
+it was finished, he took it by the nose and thrust him out into the
+water to try it, but without loosing his hold. And when he did this,
+there came one little seal up out of the water, and others also. This
+was a sign that he should be a strong man, a chief, when the seals
+came to him so. When he drew him out of the water, they all went down
+again, and not a seal remained.
+
+Now the old one began to make hunting things. When they were finished,
+and there was nothing more to be done in making them, and he thought
+the boy was of a good age to begin going out to hunt seal, he said
+to the strong one:
+
+"Now row out with him, for he must go seal hunting."
+
+Then he rowed out with him, and when they had come so far out that
+they could not see the bottom, he said:
+
+"Take the harpoon point with its line, and fix it on the shaft."
+
+They had just made things ready for their hunting and rowed on farther,
+when they came to a flock of black seal.
+
+The strong one said to him:
+
+"Now row straight at them."
+
+And then he rowed straight at them, and he lifted his harpoon and he
+threw it and he struck. And this he did every day in the same manner,
+and made a catch each time he went out in his kayak.
+
+Then some people who had made a wintering place in the south heard,
+in a time of hunger, of Qujavarssuk, the strong man who never suffered
+want. And when they heard this, they began to come and visit the
+place where he had land. In this way there came once a man who was
+called Tugto, and his wife. And while they were there--they were both
+great wizards--the man and his wife began to quarrel, and so the wife
+ran away to live alone in the hills. And now the man could not bring
+back his wife, for he was not so great a wizard as she. And when the
+people who had come to visit the place went away, he could do nothing
+but stay there.
+
+One day when he was out hunting seal at Ikerssuaq, he saw a big black
+seal which came up from the bottom with a red fish in its mouth.
+
+Now he took bearings by the cliffs of the place where the seal went
+down, and after that time, when he was out in his kayak, he took up
+all the bird wings that he saw, and fastened all the pinion feathers
+together.
+
+Tugto was a big man, yet he had taken up so much of this that it
+was a hard matter for him to carry it when he took it on his back,
+and then he thought it must be enough for that depth of water.
+
+At last the ice lay firm, and when the ice lay firm, he began to make
+things ready to go out and fish. One morning he woke, and went away
+over land. He came to a lake, and walked over it, and came again
+on to the land. And thus he came to the place where lay that water
+he was going to fish, and he went out on the ice while it was still
+morning. Then he cut a great hole in the ice, and just as he cast out
+the weight on his line, the sun came up. It came quite out, and went
+across the sky, all in the time he was letting out his line. And not
+until the sun had gone half through the day did the weight reach the
+bottom. Then he hauled up the line a little way, and almost before it
+was still, he felt a pull. And he hauled it up, and it was a mighty sea
+perch. This he killed, but did not let down his line a second time,
+for in that way it would become evening. He cut a hole in the lower
+jaw of the fish, and put in a cord to carry it with. And when he took
+it on his head, it was so long that the tail struck against his heel.
+
+Then in this manner he walked away, and came to land. When he came
+to the big lake he had walked over in the morning, he went out on
+it. But when he had come half the way over, the ice began to make a
+noise, and when he looked round, it seemed to him that the noise in
+the ice was following him from behind.
+
+Now he went away running, but as he ran he fainted suddenly away, and
+lay a long time so. When he woke again, he was lying down. He thought
+a little, and then he remembered. "Au: I am running away!" And then
+he got up and turned round, but could not find a break in the ice
+anywhere. But he could feel in himself that he had now become a much
+greater wizard than before.
+
+He went on farther, and chose his way up over a little hilly slope,
+and when he could see clearly ahead, he perceived a mighty beast.
+
+It was one of those monsters which men saw in the old far-off times,
+quite covered with bird-skins. And it was so big that not a twitch of
+life could be seen in it. He was afraid now, and turned round, until
+he could no longer see it. Then he left that way, and came out into
+another place, where he saw another looking just the same. He now went
+back again in such a manner that it could not find him, but then he
+remembered that a wizard can win power to vanish away, even to vanish
+into the ground, if he can pull to pieces the skin of such a monster.
+
+When his thoughts had begun to work upon this, he threw away his
+burden and went towards it and began to wrestle with it. And it was
+not a long time before he began to tear its covering in pieces; the
+flesh on it was not bigger than a thumb. Then he went away from it,
+and took up his burden again on his head, and went wandering on. When
+he was again going along homewards, he felt in himself that he had
+become a great wizard, and he could see the door openings of all the
+villages in that countryside quite close together.
+
+And when he came home, he caused these words to be said:
+
+"Let the people come and hear."
+
+And now many people came hurrying into the house. And he began calling
+up spirits. And in this calling he raised himself up and flew away
+towards his wife.
+
+And when he came near her in his spirit flight, and hovered above
+her, she was sitting sewing. He went straight down through the roof,
+and when she tried to escape through the floor he did likewise,
+and reached her in the earth. After this, she was very willing when
+he tried to take her home with him, and he took her home with him,
+and now he had his wife again, and those two people lived together
+until they were very old.
+
+One winter, the frost came, and was very hard and the sea was frozen,
+and only a little opening was left, far out over the ice. And hither
+Qujavarssuk was forced to carry his kayak each day, out to the open
+water, but each day he caught two seals, as was his custom.
+
+And then, as often happens in time of dearth, there came many poor
+people wandering over the ice, from the south, wishing to get some
+good thing of all that Qujavarssuk caught. Once there came also two
+old men, and they were his mother's kinsmen. They came on a visit. And
+when they came, his mother said to them:
+
+"Now you have come before I have got anything cooked. It is true that
+I have something from the cooking of yesterday; eat that if you will,
+while I cook something now." Then she set before them the kidney
+part of a black seal, with its own blubber as dripping. Now one of
+the two old men began eating, and went on eagerly, dipping the meat
+in the dripping. But the other stopped eating very soon.
+
+Then Qujavarssuk came home, as was his custom, with two seals, and
+said to his mother:
+
+"Take the breast part and boil it quickly."
+
+For this was the best part of the seal. And she boiled it, and it
+was done in a moment. And then she set it on a dish and brought it
+to those two.
+
+"Here, eat."
+
+And now at last the one of them began really to eat, but the other
+took a piece of the shoulder. When Qujavarssuk saw this, he said:
+
+"You should not begin to eat from the wrong side."
+
+And when he had said that, he said again:
+
+"If you eat from that side, then my catching of the seals will
+cease." But the old man became very angry in his mind at this order.
+
+Next morning, when they were about to set off again southward,
+Qujavarssuk's mother gave them as much meat as they could carry. They
+went home southward, over the ice, but when they had gone a little way,
+they were forced to stop, because their burden was so heavy. And when
+they had rested a little, they went on again. When they had come near
+to their village, one said to the other:
+
+"Has there not wakened a thought in your mind? I am very angry with
+Qujavarssuk. Yesterday, when we came there, they gave us only a kidney
+piece in welcome, and that is meat I do not like at all."
+
+"Hum," said the other. "I thought it was all very good. It was fine
+tender meat for my teeth."
+
+At these words, the other began again to speak:
+
+"Now that my anger has awakened, I will make a Tupilak for that
+miserable Qujavarssuk."
+
+But the other said to him:
+
+"Why will you do such a thing? Look; their gifts are so many that we
+must carry the load upon our heads."
+
+But that comrade would not change his purpose, not for all the trying
+of the other to turn him from it. And at last the other ceased to
+speak of it.
+
+Now as the cold grew stronger, that opening in the ice became smaller
+and smaller, at the place where Qujavarssuk was used to go with his
+kayak. One day, when he came down to it, there was but just room for
+his kayak to go in, and if now a seal should rise, it could not fail
+to strike the kayak. Yet he got into the kayak, and at the time when he
+was fixing the head on his harpoon, he saw a black seal coming up from
+below. But seeing that it must touch both the ice and the kayak, it
+went down again without coming right to the surface. Then Qujavarssuk
+went up again and went home, and that was the first time he went home
+without having made a catch, in all the time he had been a hunter.
+
+When he had come home, he sat himself down behind his mother's lamp,
+sitting on the bedplace, so that only his feet hung down over the
+floor. He was so troubled that he would not eat. And later in the
+evening, he said to his mother:
+
+"Take meat to Tugto and his wife, and ask one of them to magic away
+the ice."
+
+His mother went out and cut the meat of a black seal across at the
+middle. Then she brought the tail half, and half the blubber of a seal,
+up to Tugto and his wife. She came to the entrance, but it was covered
+with snow, so that it looked like a fox hole. At first, she dropped
+that which she was carrying in through the passage way. And it was this
+which Tugto and his wife first saw; the half of a black seal's meat
+and half of its blubber cut across. And when she came in, she said:
+
+"It is my errand now to ask if one of you can magic away the ice."
+
+When these words were heard, Tugto said to his wife:
+
+"In this time of hunger we cannot send away meat that is given. You
+must magic away the ice."
+
+And she set about to do his bidding. To Qujavarssuk's mother she said:
+
+"Tell all the people who can come here to come here and listen!"
+
+And then she began eagerly going in to the dwellings, to say that
+all who could come should come in and listen to the magic. When all
+had come in, she put out the lamp, and began to call on her helping
+spirits. Then suddenly she said:
+
+"Two flames have appeared in the west!"
+
+And now she was standing up in the passage way, and let them come to
+her, and when they came forward, they were a bear and a walrus. The
+bear blew her in under the bedplace, but when it drew in its breath
+again, she came out from under the bedplace and stopped at the passage
+way. In this manner it went on for a long time. But now she made
+ready to go out, and said then to the listeners:
+
+"All through this night none may yawn or wink an eye." And then she
+went out.
+
+At the same moment when she went out, the bear took her in its teeth
+and flung her out over the ice. Hardly had she fallen on the ice again,
+when the walrus thrust its tusks into her and flung her out across the
+ice, but the bear ran along after her, keeping beneath her as she flew
+through the air. Each time she fell on the ice, the walrus thrust its
+tusks into her again. It seemed as if the outermost islands suddenly
+went to the bottom of the sea, so quickly did she move outwards. They
+were now almost out of sight, and not until they could no longer see
+the land did the walrus and the bear leave her. Then she could begin
+again to go towards the land.
+
+When at last she could see the cliffs, it seemed as if there were
+clouds above them, because of the driving snow. At last the wind came
+down, and the ice began at once to break up. Now she looked round on
+all sides, and caught sight of an iceberg which was frozen fast. And
+towards this she let herself drift. Hardly had she come up on to the
+iceberg, when the ice all went to pieces, and now there was no way
+for her to save herself. But at the same moment she heard someone
+beside her say:
+
+"Let me take you in my kayak." And when she looked round, she saw a
+man in a very narrow kayak. And he said a second time:
+
+"Come and let me take you in my kayak. If you will not do this,
+then you will never taste the good things Qujavarssuk has paid you."
+
+Now the sea was very rough, and yet she made ready to go. When a wave
+lifted the kayak, she sprang down into it. But as she dropped down,
+the kayak was nearly upset. Then, as she tried to move over to the
+other side of it, she again moved too far, and then he said:
+
+"Place yourself properly in the middle of the kayak."
+
+And when she had done so, he tried to row, for it was his purpose to
+take her with him in his kayak, although the sea was very rough. Then
+he rowed out with her. And when he had come a little way out, he
+sighted land, but when they came near, there was no place at all where
+they could come up on shore, and at the moment when the wave took them,
+he said:
+
+"Now try to jump ashore."
+
+And when he said this, she sprang ashore. When she now stood on land,
+she turned round and saw that the kayak was lost to sight in a great
+wave. And it was never seen again. She turned and went away. But as she
+went on, she felt a mighty thirst. She came to a place where water was
+oozing through the snow. She went there, and when she reached it, and
+was about to lay herself down to drink, a voice came suddenly and said:
+
+"Do not drink it; for if you do, you will never taste the good things
+Qujavarssuk has paid you."
+
+When she heard this she went forward again. On her way she came to a
+house. On the top of the house lay a great dog, and it was terrible
+to see. When she began to go past it, it looked as if it would bite
+her. But at last she came past it.
+
+In the passage way of the house there was a great river flowing,
+and the only place where she could tread was narrow as the back of
+a knife. And the passage way itself was so wide that she could not
+hold fast by the walls.
+
+So she walked along, poising carefully, using her little fingers as
+wings. But when she came to the inner door, the step was so high,
+that she could not come over it quickly. Inside the house, she saw an
+old woman lying face downwards on the bedplace. And as soon as she had
+come in, the old woman began to abuse her. And she was about to answer
+those bad words, when the old woman sprang out on to the floor to fight
+with her. And now they two fought furiously together. They fought
+for a long time, and little by little the old woman grew tired. And
+when she was so tired that she could not get up, the other saw that
+her hair hung loose and was full of dirt. And now Tugto's wife began
+cleaning her as well as she could. When this was done, she put up
+her hair in its knot. The old woman had not spoken, but now she said:
+
+"You are a dear little thing, you that have come in here. It is long
+since I was so nicely cleaned. Not since little Atakana from Sardloq
+cleaned me have I ever been cleaned at all. I have nothing to give
+you in return. Move my lamp away."
+
+And when she did so, there was a noise like the moving of wings. When
+she turned to look, she saw a host of birds flying in through the
+passage way. For a long time birds flew in, without stopping. But
+then the woman said:
+
+"Now it is enough." And she put the lamp straight. And when that was
+done, the other said again:
+
+"Will you not put it a little to the other side?"
+
+And she moved it so. And then she saw some men with long hair flying
+towards the passage way. When she looked closer, she saw that it was
+a host of black seal. And when very many of them had come in this
+manner, she said:
+
+"Now it is enough." And she put the lamp in its place. Then the old
+woman looked over towards her, and said:
+
+"When you come home, tell them that they must never more face towards
+the sea when they empty their dirty vessels, for when they do so,
+it all goes over me."
+
+When at last the woman came out again, the big dog wagged his tail
+kindly at her.
+
+It was still night when Tugto's wife came home, and when she came in,
+none of them had yet yawned or winked an eye. When she lit the lamp,
+her face was fearfully scratched, and she told them this:
+
+"You must not think that the ice will break up at once; it will not
+break up until these sores are healed."
+
+After a long time they began to heal slowly, and sometimes it might
+happen that one or another cried in mockingly through the window:
+
+"Now surely it is time the ice broke up and went out to sea, for that
+which was to be done is surely done."
+
+But at last her sores were healed. And one day a black cloud came up
+in the south. Later in the evening, there was a mighty noise of the
+wind, and the storm did not abate until it was growing light in the
+morning. When it was quite light, and the people came out, the sea was
+open and blue. A great number of birds were flying above the water, and
+there were hosts of black seal everywhere. The kayaks were made ready
+at once, and when they began to make them ready, Tugto's wife said:
+
+"No one must hunt them yet; until five days are gone no one may
+hunt them."
+
+But before those days were gone, one of the young men went out
+nevertheless to hunt. He tried with great efforts, but caught nothing
+after all. Not until those days were gone did the witch-wife say:
+
+"Now you may hunt them."
+
+And now the men went out to sea to hunt the birds. And not until
+they could bear no more on their kayaks did they row home again. But
+then all those men had to give up their whole catch to Tugto's
+house. Not until the second hunting were they permitted to keep any
+for themselves.
+
+Next day they went out to hunt for seal. They harpooned many, but
+these also were given to Tugto and his wife. Of these also they kept
+nothing for themselves until the second hunting.
+
+
+
+Now when the ice was gone, then that old man we have told about before,
+he put life into the Tupilak, and said to it then:
+
+"Go out now, and eat up Qujavarssuk."
+
+The Tupilak paddled out after him, but Qujavarssuk had already reached
+the shore, and was about to carry up his kayak on to the land, with
+a catch of two seals. Now the Tupilak had no fear but that next
+day, when he went out, it would be easy to catch and eat him. And
+therefore, when it was no later than dawn, it was waiting outside his
+house. When Qujavarssuk awoke, he got up and went down to his kayak,
+and began to make ready for hunting. He put on his long fur coat,
+and went down and put the kayak in the water. He lifted one leg and
+stepped into the kayak, and this the Tupilak saw, but when he lifted
+the other leg to step in with that, he disappeared entirely from its
+sight. And all through the day it looked for him in vain. At last it
+swam in towards land, but by that time he had already reached home,
+and drawn the kayak on shore to carry it up. He had a catch of two
+seal, and there lay the Tupilak staring after him.
+
+When it was evening, Qujavarssuk went to rest. He slept, and awoke,
+and got up and made things ready to go out. And at this time the
+Tupilak was waiting with a great desire for the moment when he should
+put off from land. But when he put on his hunting coat ready to row
+out, the Tupilak thought:
+
+"Now we shall see if he disappears again."
+
+And just as he was getting into his kayak, he disappeared from
+sight. And at the end of that day also, Qujavarssuk came home again,
+as was his custom, with a catch of two seal.
+
+Now by this time the Tupilak was fearfully hungry. But a Tupilak can
+only eat men, and therefore it now thought thus:
+
+"Next time, I will go up on land and eat him there."
+
+Then it swam over towards land, and as the shore was level, it moved
+swiftly, so as to come well up. But it struck its head on the ground,
+so that the pain pierced to its backbone, and when it tried to see
+what was there, the shore had changed to a steep cliff, and on the
+top of the cliff stood Qujavarssuk, all easy to see. Again it tried
+to swim up on to the land, but only hurt itself the more. And now
+it was surprised, and looked in vain for Qujavarssuk's house, for
+it could not see the house at all. And it was still lying there and
+staring up, when it saw that a great stone was about to fall on it,
+and hardly had it dived under water when the stone struck it, and
+broke a rib. Then it swam out and looked again towards land, and saw
+Qujavarssuk again quite clearly, and also his house.
+
+Now the Tupilak thought:
+
+"I must try another way. Perhaps it will be better to go through
+the earth."
+
+And when it tried to go through the earth, so much was easy; it only
+remained then to come up through the floor of the house. But the
+floor of the house was hard, and not to be got through. Therefore
+it tried behind the house, and there it was quite soft. It came up
+there, and went to the passage way, and there was a big black bird,
+sitting there eating something. The Tupilak thought:
+
+"That is a fortunate being, which can sit and eat."
+
+Then it tried to get up over the walls at the back part of the house,
+by taking hold of the grass in the turf blocks. But when it got there,
+the bird's food was the only thing it saw. Again it tried to get
+a little farther, seeing that the bird appeared not to heed it at
+all, but then suddenly the bird turned and bit a hole just above its
+flipper. And this was very painful, so that the Tupilak floundered
+about with pain, and floundered about till it came right out into
+the water.
+
+And because of all these happenings, it had now become so angered that
+it swam back at once to the man who had made it, in order to eat him
+up. And when it came there, he was sitting in his kayak with his face
+turned towards the sun, and telling no other thing than of the Tupilak
+which he had made. For a long time the Tupilak lay there beneath him,
+and looked at him, until there came this thought:
+
+"Why did he make me a Tupilak, when afterwards all the trouble was
+to come upon me?"
+
+Then it swam up and attacked the kayak, and the water was coloured
+red with blood as it ate him. And having thus found food, the Tupilak
+felt well and strong and very cheerful, until at last it began to
+think thus:
+
+"All the other Tupilaks will certainly call this a shameful thing,
+that I should have killed the one who made me."
+
+And it was now so troubled with shame at this that it swam far out
+into the open sea and was never seen again. And men say that it was
+because of shame it did so.
+
+One day the old one said to Qujavarssuk:
+
+"You are named after a man who died of hunger at Amerdloq."
+
+It is told of the people of Amerdloq that they catch nothing but
+turbot.
+
+And Qujavarssuk went to Amerdloq and lived there with an old man,
+and while he lived there, he made always the same catch as was his
+custom. At last the people of Amerdloq began to say to one another:
+
+"This must be the first time there have been so many black seal here
+in our country; every time he goes hunting he catches two seal."
+
+At last one of the big hunters went out hunting with him. They fixed
+the heads to their harpoons, and when they had come a little way out
+from land, Qujavarssuk stopped. Then when the other had gone a little
+distance from him, he turned, and saw that Qujavarssuk had already
+struck one seal. Then he rowed towards him, but when he came up, it was
+already killed. So he left him again for a little while, and when he
+turned, Qujavarssuk had again struck. Then Qujavarssuk rowed home. And
+the other stayed out the whole day, but did not see a single seal.
+
+When Qujavarssuk had thus continued as a great hunter, his mother
+said to him at last that he should marry. He gave her no answer,
+and therefore she began to look about herself for a girl for him to
+marry, but it was her wish that the girl might be a great glutton, so
+that there might not be too much lost of all that meat. And she began
+to ask all the unmarried women to come and visit her. And because of
+this there came one day a young woman who was not very beautiful. And
+this one she liked very much, for that she was a clever eater, and
+having regard to this, she chose her out as the one her son should
+marry. One day she said to her son:
+
+"That woman is the one you must have."
+
+And her son obeyed her, as was his custom.
+
+Every day after their marriage, the strongest man in Amerdloq called
+in at the window:
+
+"Qujavarssuk! Let us see which of us can first get a bladder float
+for hunting the whale."
+
+Qujavarssuk made no answer, as was his custom, but the old man said
+to him:
+
+"We use only speckled skin for whales. And they are now at this time
+in the mouth of the river."
+
+After this, they went to rest.
+
+Qujavarssuk slept, and awoke, and got up, and went away to the
+north. And when he had gone a little way to the north, he came to the
+mouth of a small fjord. He looked round and saw a speckled seal that
+had come up to breathe. When it went down again, he rowed up on the
+landward side of it, and fixed the head and line to his harpoon. When
+it came up again to breathe, he rowed to where it was, and harpooned
+it, and after this, he at once rowed home with it.
+
+The old man made the skin ready, and hung it up behind the house. But
+while it was hanging there, there came very often a noise as from the
+bladder float, and this although there was no one there. This thing
+the old man did not like at all.
+
+When the winter was coming near, the old man said one day to
+Qujavarssuk:
+
+"Now that time will soon be here when the whales come in to the coast."
+
+One night Qujavarssuk had gone out of the house, when he heard a sound
+of deep breathing from the west, and this came nearer. And because
+this was the first time he had heard so mighty a breathing, he went in
+and told the matter in a little voice to his wife. And he had hardly
+told her this, when the old man, whom he had thought asleep, said:
+
+"What is that you are saying?"
+
+"Mighty breathings which I have heard, and did not know them, and they
+do not move from that side where the sun is." This said Qujavarssuk.
+
+The old one put on his boots, and went out, and came in again,
+and said:
+
+"It is the breathing of a whale."
+
+In the morning, before it was yet light, there came a sound of running,
+and then one came and called through the window:
+
+"Qujavarssuk! I was the first who heard the whales breathing."
+
+It was the strong man, who wished to surpass him in this. Qujavarssuk
+said nothing, as was his custom, but the old man said:
+
+"Qujavarssuk heard that while it was yet night." And they heard him
+laugh and go away.
+
+The strong man had already got out the umiak [3] into the water to
+row out to the whale. And then Qujavarssuk came out, and they had
+already rowed away when Qujavarssuk got his boat into the water. He
+got it full of water, and drew it up again on to the shore, and turned
+the stem in towards land and poured the water out, and for the second
+time he drew it down into the water. And not until now did he begin to
+look about for rowers. They went out, and when they could see ahead,
+the strong man of Amerdloq was already far away. Before he had come up
+to where he was, Qujavarssuk told his rowers to stop and be still. But
+they wished to go yet farther, believing that the whale would never
+come up to breathe in that place. Therefore he said to them:
+
+"You shall see it when it comes up."
+
+Hardly had the umiak stopped still, when Qujavarssuk began to tremble
+all over. When he turned round, there was already a whale quite near,
+and now his rowers begged him eagerly to steer to where it was. But
+Qujavarssuk now saw such a beast for the first time in his life. And
+he said:
+
+"Let us look at it."
+
+And his rowers had to stay still. When the strong man of Amerdloq heard
+the breathing of the whale, he looked round after it, and there lay
+the beast like a great rock close beside Qujavarssuk. And he called
+out to him from the place where he was:
+
+"Harpoon it!"
+
+Qujavarssuk made no answer, but his rowers were now even more eager
+than before. When the whale had breathed long enough, it went down
+again. Now his rowers wished very much to go farther out, because
+it was not likely that it would come up again in that way the next
+time. But Qujavarssuk would not move at all.
+
+The whale stayed a long time under the water, and when it came up again
+it was still nearer. Now Qujavarssuk looked at it again for a long
+time, and now his rowers became very angry with him at last. Not until
+it seemed that the whale must soon go down again did Qujavarssuk say:
+
+"Now row towards it."
+
+And they rowed towards it, and he harpooned it. And when it now
+floundered about in pain and went down, he threw out his bladder float,
+and it was not strange that this went under water at once.
+
+And those farther out called to him now and said:
+
+"When a whale is struck it will always swim out to sea. Row now to
+the place where it would seem that it must come up."
+
+But Qujavarssuk did not answer, and did not move from the place where
+he was. Not until they called to him for the third time did he answer:
+
+"The beasts I have struck move always farther in, towards my house."
+
+And now they had just begun laughing at him out there, when they heard
+a washing of water closer in to shore, and there it lay, quite like a
+tiny fish, turning about in its death struggle. They rowed up to it
+at once and made a tow line fast. The strong man rowed up to them,
+and when he came to where they were, no one of them was eating. Then
+he said:
+
+"Not one of you eating, and here a newly-killed whale?"
+
+When he said this, Qujavarssuk answered:
+
+"None may eat of it until my mother has first eaten."
+
+But the strong man tried then to take a mouthful, although this had
+been said. And when he did so, froth came out of his mouth at once. And
+he spat out that mouthful, because it was destroying his mouth.
+
+And they brought that catch home, and Qujavarssuk's mother ate of
+it, and then at last all ate of it likewise, and then none had any
+badness in the mouth from eating of it. But the strong man sat for a
+long time the only one of them all who did not eat, and that because
+he must wait till his mouth was well again.
+
+And the strong man of Amerdloq did not catch a whale at all until
+after Qujavarssuk had caught another one.
+
+For a whole year Qujavarssuk stayed at Amerdloq, and when it was
+spring, he went back southward to his home. He came to his own land,
+and there at a later time he died.
+
+And that is all.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+KUNIGSEQ
+
+
+There was once a wizard whose name was Kunigseq.
+
+One day, when he was about to call on his helping spirits and make a
+flight down into the underworld, he gave orders that the floor should
+be swilled with salt water, to take off the evil smell which might
+otherwise frighten his helping spirits away.
+
+Then he began to call upon his helping spirits, and without moving
+his body, began to pass downward through the floor.
+
+And down he went. On his way he came to a reef, which was covered with
+weed, and therefore so slippery that none could pass that way. And
+as he could not pass, his helping spirit lay down beside him, and by
+placing his foot upon the spirit, he was able to pass.
+
+And on he went, and came to a great slope covered with heather. Far
+down in the underworld, men say, the land is level, and the hills are
+small; there is sun down there, and the sky is also like that which
+we see from the earth.
+
+Suddenly he heard one crying: "Here comes Kunigseq."
+
+By the side of a little river he saw some children looking for
+greyfish.
+
+And before he had reached the houses of men, he met his mother, who
+had gone out to gather berries. When he came up to her, she tried
+again and again to kiss him, but his helping spirit thrust her aside.
+
+"He is only here on a visit," said the spirit.
+
+Then she offered him some berries, and these he was about to put in
+his mouth, when the spirit said:
+
+"If you eat of them, you will never return."
+
+A little after, he caught sight of his dead brother, and then his
+mother said:
+
+"Why do you wish to return to earth again? Your kin are here. And
+look down on the sea-shore; see the great stores of dried meat. Many
+seal are caught here, and it is a good place to be; there is no snow,
+and a beautiful open sea."
+
+The sea lay smooth, without the slightest wind. Two kayaks were
+rowing towards land. Now and again they threw their bird darts,
+and they could be heard to laugh.
+
+"I will come again when I die," said Kunigseq.
+
+Some kayaks lay drying on a little island; they were those of men
+who had just lost their lives when out in their kayaks.
+
+And it is told that the people of the underworld said to Kunigseq:
+
+"When you return to earth, send us some ice, for we thirst for cold
+water down here."
+
+After that, Kunigseq went back to earth, but it is said that his son
+fell sick soon afterwards, and died. And then Kunigseq did not care to
+live any longer, having seen what it was like in the underworld. So he
+rowed out in his kayak, and caught a guillemot, and a little after,
+he caught a raven, and having eaten these one after the other, he
+died. And then they threw him out into the sea.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE WOMAN WHO HAD A BEAR AS A FOSTER-SON
+
+
+There was once an old woman living in a place where others lived. She
+lived nearest the shore, and when those who lived in houses up above
+had been out hunting, they gave her both meat and blubber.
+
+And once they were out hunting as usual, and now and again they got
+a bear, so that they frequently ate bear's meat. And they came home
+with a whole bear. The old woman received a piece from the ribs as
+her share, and took it home to her house. After she had come home to
+her house, the wife of the man who had killed the bear came to the
+window and said:
+
+"Dear little old woman in there, would you like to have a bear's cub?"
+
+And the old woman went and fetched it, and brought it into her house,
+shifted her lamp, and placed the cub, because it was frozen, up on
+to the drying frame to thaw. Suddenly she noticed that it moved a
+little, and took it down to warm it. Then she roasted some blubber,
+for she had heard that bears lived on blubber, and in this way she
+fed it from that time onwards, giving it greaves to eat and melted
+blubber to drink, and it lay beside her at night.
+
+And after it had begun to lie beside her at night it grew very fast,
+and she began to talk to it in human speech, and thus it gained the
+mind of a human being, and when it wished to ask its foster-mother
+for food, it would sniff.
+
+The old woman now no longer suffered want, and those living near
+brought her food for the cub. The children came sometimes to play
+with it, but then the old woman would say:
+
+"Little bear, remember to sheathe your claws when you play with them."
+
+In the morning, the children would come to the window and call in:
+
+"Little bear, come out and play with us, for now we are going to play."
+
+And when they went out to play together, it would break the children's
+toy harpoons to pieces, but whenever it wanted to give any one of
+the children a push, it would always sheathe its claws. But at last
+it grew so strong, that it nearly always made the children cry. And
+when it had grown so strong the grown-up people began to play with it,
+and they helped the old woman in this way, in making the bear grow
+stronger. But after a time not even grown men dared play with it,
+so great was its strength, and then they said to one another:
+
+"Let us take it with us when we go out hunting. It may help us to
+find seal."
+
+And so one day in the dawn, they came to the old woman's window
+and cried:
+
+"Little bear, come and earn a share of our catch; come out hunting
+with us, bear."
+
+But before the bear went out, it sniffed at the old woman. And then
+it went out with the men.
+
+On the way, one of the men said:
+
+"Little bear, you must keep down wind, for if you do not so, the game
+will scent you, and take fright."
+
+One day when they had been out hunting and were returning home,
+they called in to the old woman:
+
+"It was very nearly killed by the hunters from the northward; we
+hardly managed to save it alive. Give therefore some mark by which
+it may be known; a broad collar of plaited sinews about its neck."
+
+And so the old foster-mother made a mark for it to wear; a collar of
+plaited sinews, as broad as a harpoon line.
+
+And after that it never failed to catch seal, and was stronger even
+than the strongest of hunters, and never stayed at home even in
+the worst of all weather. Also it was not bigger than an ordinary
+bear. All the people in the other villages knew it now, and although
+they sometimes came near to catching it, they would always let it go
+as soon as they saw its collar.
+
+But now the people from beyond Angmagssalik heard that there was a
+bear which could not be caught, and then one of them said:
+
+"If ever I see it, I will kill it."
+
+But the others said:
+
+"You must not do that; the bear's foster-mother could ill manage
+without its help. If you see it, do not harm it, but leave it alone,
+as soon as you see its mark."
+
+One day when the bear came home as usual from hunting, the old
+foster-mother said:
+
+"Whenever you meet with men, treat them as if you were of one kin
+with them; never seek to harm them unless they first attack."
+
+And it heard the foster-mother's words and did as she had said.
+
+And thus the old foster-mother kept the bear with her. In the summer
+it went out hunting in the sea, and in winter on the ice, and the other
+hunters now learned to know its ways, and received shares of its catch.
+
+Once during a storm the bear was away hunting as usual, and did
+not come home until evening. Then it sniffed at its foster-mother
+and sprang up on to the bench, where its place was on the southern
+side. Then the old foster-mother went out of the house, and found
+outside the body of a dead man, which the bear had hauled home. Then
+without going in again, the old woman went hurrying to the nearest
+house, and cried at the window:
+
+"Are you all at home?"
+
+"Why?"
+
+"The little bear has come home with a dead man, one whom I do not
+know."
+
+When it grew light, they went out and saw that it was the man from
+the north, and they could see he had been running fast, for he had
+drawn off his furs, and was in his underbreeches. Afterwards they
+heard that it was his comrades who had urged the bear to resistance,
+because he would not leave it alone.
+
+A long time after this had happened, the old foster-mother said to
+the bear:
+
+"You had better not stay with me here always; you will be killed if
+you do, and that would be a pity. You had better leave me."
+
+And she wept as she said this. But the bear thrust its muzzle right
+down to the floor and wept, so greatly did it grieve to go away
+from her.
+
+After this, the foster-mother went out every morning as soon as dawn
+appeared, to look at the weather, and if there were but a cloud as
+big as one's hand in the sky, she said nothing.
+
+But one morning when she went out, there was not even a cloud as big
+as a hand, and so she came in and said:
+
+"Little bear, now you had better go; you have your own kin far away
+out there."
+
+But when the bear was ready to set out, the old foster-mother, weeping
+very much, dipped her hands in oil and smeared them with soot, and
+stroked the bear's side as it took leave of her, but in such manner
+that it could not see what she was doing. The bear sniffed at her
+and went away. But the old foster-mother wept all through that day,
+and her fellows in the place mourned also for the loss of their bear.
+
+But men say that far to the north, when many bears are abroad, there
+will sometimes come a bear as big as an iceberg, with a black spot
+on its side.
+
+Here ends this story.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+IMARASUGSSUAQ, WHO ATE HIS WIVES
+
+
+It is said that the great Imarasugssuaq was wont to eat his wives. He
+fattened them up, giving them nothing but salmon to eat, and nothing at
+all to drink. Once when he had just lost his wife in the usual way, he
+took to wife the sister of many brothers, and her name was Misana. And
+after having taken her to wife, he began fattening her up as usual.
+
+One day her husband was out in his kayak. And she had grown so fat
+that she could hardly move, but now she managed with difficulty to
+tumble down from the bench to the floor, crawled to the entrance,
+dropped down into the passage way, and began licking the snow which
+had drifted in. She licked and licked at it, and at last she began to
+feel herself lighter, and better able to move. And in this way she
+afterwards went out and licked up snow whenever her husband was out
+in his kayak, and at last she was once more quite able to move about.
+
+One day when her husband was out in his kayak as usual, she took her
+breeches and tunic, and stuffed them out until the thing looked like
+a real human being, and then she said to them:
+
+"When my husband comes and tells you to come out, answer him with
+these words: I cannot move because I am grown so fat. And when he
+then comes in and harpoons you, remember then to shriek as if in pain."
+
+And after she had said these words, she began digging a hole at the
+back of the house, and when it was big enough, she crept in.
+
+"Bring up the birds I have caught!"
+
+But the dummy answered:
+
+"I can no longer move, for I am grown so fat."
+
+Now the dummy was sitting behind the lamp. And the husband coming
+in, harpooned that dummy wife with his great bird-spear. And the
+thing shrieked as if with pain and fell down. But when he looked
+closer, there was no blood to be seen, nothing but some stuffed-out
+clothes. And where was his wife?
+
+And now he began to search for her, and as soon as he had gone out,
+she crept forth from her hiding-place, and took to flight. And while
+she was thus making her escape, her husband came after her, and seeing
+that he came nearer and nearer, at last she said:
+
+"Now I remember, my amulet is a piece of wood."
+
+And hardly had she said these words, when she was changed into a
+piece of wood, and her husband could not find her. He looked about
+as hard as ever he could, but could see nothing beyond a piece of
+wood anywhere. And he stabbed at that once or twice with his knife,
+but she felt no more than a little stinging pain. Then he went back
+home to fetch his axe, and then, as soon as he was out of sight,
+she changed back into a woman again and fled away to her brothers.
+
+When she came to their house, she hid herself behind the skin
+hangings, and after she had placed herself there, her husband was
+heard approaching, weeping because he had lost his wife. He stayed
+there with them, and in the evening, the brothers began singing songs
+in mockery of him, and turning towards him also, they said:
+
+"Men say that Imarasugssuaq eats his wives."
+
+"Who has said that?"
+
+"Misana has said that."
+
+"I said it, and I ran away because you tried to kill me," said she
+from behind the hangings.
+
+And then the many brothers fell upon Imarasugssuaq and held him fast
+that his wife might kill him; she took her knife, but each time she
+tried to strike, the knife only grazed his skin, for her fingers lost
+their power.
+
+And she was still standing there trying in vain to stab him, when
+they saw that he was already dead.
+
+Here ends this story.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+QALAGANGUASE, WHO PASSED TO THE LAND OF GHOSTS
+
+
+There was once a boy whose name was Qalaganguase; his parents lived at
+a place where the tides were strong. And one day they ate seaweed, and
+died of it. Then there was only one sister to look after Qalaganguase,
+but it was not long before she also died, and then there were only
+strangers to look after him.
+
+Qalaganguase was without strength, the lower part of his body was
+dead, and one day when the others had gone out hunting, he was left
+alone in the house. He was sitting there quite alone, when suddenly
+he heard a sound. Now he was afraid, and with great pains he managed
+to drag himself out of the house into the one beside it, and here he
+found a hiding-place behind the skin hangings. And while he was in
+hiding there, he heard a noise again, and in walked a ghost.
+
+"Ai! There are people here!"
+
+The ghost went over to the water tub and drank, emptying the dipper
+twice.
+
+"Thanks for the drink which I thirsty one received," said the
+ghost. "Thus I was wont to drink when I lived on earth." And then it
+went out.
+
+Now the boy heard his fellow-villagers coming up and gathering outside
+the house, and then they began to crawl in through the passage way.
+
+"Qalaganguase is not here," they said, when they came inside.
+
+"Yes, he is," said the boy. "I hid in here because a ghost came in. It
+drank from the water tub there."
+
+And when they went to look at the water tub, they saw that something
+had been drinking from it.
+
+Then some time after, it happened again that the people were all out
+hunting, and Qalaganguase alone in the place. And there he sat in
+the house all alone, when suddenly the walls and frame of the house
+began to shake, and next moment a crowd of ghosts came tumbling into
+the house, one after the other, and the last was one whom he knew,
+for it was his sister, who had died but a little time before.
+
+And now the ghosts sat about on the floor and began playing; they
+wrestled, and told stories, and laughed all the time.
+
+At first Qalaganguase was afraid of them, but at last he found it a
+pleasant thing to make the night pass. And not until the villagers
+could be heard returning did they hasten away.
+
+"Now mind you do not tell tales," said the ghost, "for if you do as we
+say, then you will gain strength again, and there will be nothing you
+cannot do." And one by one they tumbled out of the passage way. Only
+Qalaganguase's sister could hardly get out, and that was because
+her brother had been minding her little child, and his touch stayed
+her. And the hunters were coming back, and quite close, when she
+slipped out. One could just see the shadow of a pair of feet.
+
+"What was that," said one. "It looked like a pair of feet vanishing
+away."
+
+"Listen, and I will tell you," said Qalaganguase, who already felt
+his strength returning. "The house has been full of people, and they
+made the night pass pleasantly for me, and now, they say, I am to
+grow strong again."
+
+But hardly had the boy said these words, when the strength slowly
+began to leave him.
+
+"Qalaganguase is to be challenged to a singing contest," he heard
+them say, as he lay there. And then they tied the boy to the frame
+post and let him swing backwards and forwards, as he tried to beat the
+drum. After that, they all made ready, and set out for their singing
+contest, and left the lame boy behind in the house all alone. And
+there he lay all alone, when his mother, who had died long since,
+came in with his father.
+
+"Why are you here alone?" they asked.
+
+"I am lame," said the boy, "and when the others went off to a singing
+contest, they left me behind."
+
+"Come away with us," said his father and mother.
+
+"It is better so, perhaps," said the boy.
+
+And so they led him out, and bore him away to the land of ghosts,
+and so Qalaganguase became a ghost.
+
+And it is said that Qalaganguase became a woman when they changed
+him to a ghost. But his fellow-villagers never saw him again.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ISIGALIGARSSIK
+
+
+Isigaligarssik was a wifeless man, and he was very strong. One of
+the other men in his village was a wizard.
+
+Isigaligarssik was taken to live in a house with many brothers,
+and they were very fond of him.
+
+When the wizard was about to call upon his spirits, it was his custom
+to call in through the window: "Only the married men may come and
+hear." And when they who were to hear the spirit calling went out,
+a little widow and her daughter and Isigaligarssik always stayed
+behind together in the house. Once, when all had gone out to hear
+the wizard, as was their custom, these three were thus left alone
+together. Isigaligarssik sat by the little lamp on the side bench,
+at work.
+
+Suddenly he heard the widow's daughter saying something in her mother's
+ear, and then her mother turned towards him and said:
+
+"This little girl would like to have you."
+
+Isigaligarssik would also like to have her, and before the others of
+the house had come back, they were man and wife. Thus when the others
+of the house had finished and came back, Isigaligarssik had found a
+wife, and his house-fellows were very glad of this.
+
+Next day, as soon as it was dark, one called, as was the custom: "Let
+only those who have wives come and hear." And Isigaligarssik, who had
+before had no wife, felt now a great desire to go and hear this. But as
+soon as he had come in, the great wizard said to Isigaligarssik's wife:
+
+"Come here; here."
+
+When she had sat down, he told her to take off her shoes, and then
+he put them up on the drying frame. Then they made a spirit calling,
+and when that was ended, the wizard said to Isigaligarssik:
+
+"Go away now; you will never have this dear little wife of yours
+again."
+
+And then Isigaligarssik had to go home without a wife. And
+Isigaligarssik had to live without a wife. And every time there was
+a spirit calling, and he went in, the wizard would say:
+
+"Ho, what are you doing here, you who have no wife?"
+
+But now anger grew up slowly in him at this, and once when he came
+home, he said:
+
+"That wizard in there has mocked me well, but next time he asks me,
+I shall know what to answer."
+
+But the others of the village warned him, and said:
+
+"No, no; you must not answer him. For if you answer him, then he will
+kill you."
+
+But one evening when the bad wizard mocked him as usual Isigaligarssik
+said:
+
+"Ho, and what of you who took my wife away?"
+
+Now the wizard stood up at once, and when Isigaligarssik bent down
+towards the entrance to creep out, the wizard took a knife, and
+stabbed him with a great wound.
+
+Isigaligarssik ran quickly home to his house, and said to his wife's
+mother:
+
+"Go quickly now and take the dress I wore when I was little. [4]
+It is in the chest there."
+
+And when she took it out, it was so small that it did not look like a
+dress at all, but it was very pretty. And he ordered her then to dip
+it in the water bucket. When it was wet, he was able to put it on, and
+when the lacing thong at the bottom touched the wound, it was healed.
+
+Now when his house-fellows came out after the spirit-calling they
+thought to find him lying dead outside the entrance. They followed
+the blood spoor, and at last he had gone into the house. When they
+came in, he had not a single wound, and all were very glad for that
+he was healed again. And now he said:
+
+"To-morrow I will go bow-shooting with him."
+
+Then they slept, and awakened, and Isigaligarssik opened his little
+chest and searched it, and took out a bow that was so small it
+could hardly be seen in his hands. He strung that bow, and went out,
+and said:
+
+"Come out now and see." Then they went out, and he went down to the
+wizard's house, and called through the window:
+
+"Big man in there; come out now and let us shoot with the bow!" And
+when he had said this, he went and stood by a little river. When he
+turned to look round, the wizard was already by the passage of his
+house, aiming with his bow.
+
+He said: "Come here." And then Isigaligarssik drew up spittle in his
+mouth and spat straight down beside his feet.
+
+"Come here," he said then, to the great wizard. Then he went over
+to him, and came nearer and nearer, and stopped just before him. Now
+the wizard aimed with his bow towards him, and when he did this, the
+house-fellows cried to Isigaligarssik: "Make yourself small!" And he
+made himself so small that only his head could be seen moving backwards
+and forwards. The wizard shot and missed. And a second time he shot
+and missed.
+
+Then Isigaligarssik stood up, and took the arrow, and broke it across
+and said:
+
+"Go home; you cannot hit." And then the wizard went off, turning many
+times to look round. At last, when he bent down to get into his house
+through the passage way, Isigaligarssik aimed and shot at him. And
+they heard only the sound of his fall. The arrow was very little,
+and yet for all that it sent him all doubled up through the entrance,
+so that he fell down in the passage.
+
+In this way Isigaligarssik won his wife again, and he lived with her
+afterwards until death.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE INSECTS THAT WOOED A WIFELESS MAN
+
+
+There was once a wifeless man.
+
+Yes, that is the way a story always begins.
+
+And it was his custom to run down to the girls whenever he saw
+them out playing. And the young girls always ran away from him into
+their houses.
+
+And when the time of great hunting set in, and the kayak men lived
+in plenty, it always happened that he shamefully overslept himself
+every time he had made up his mind to go out hunting. He did not wake
+until the sun had gone down, and the hunters began to come in with
+their catch in tow.
+
+One day when he awoke as usual about sunset, he got into his kayak
+all the same, and rowed off. Hardly had he passed out of sight of
+the houses, when he heard a man crying:
+
+"My kayak has upset, help me."
+
+And he rowed over and righted him again, and then he saw that it was
+one of the Noseless Ones, the people from beneath the earth.
+
+"Now I will give you all my hide thongs with ornaments of walrus tusk,"
+said the man who had upset.
+
+"No," said the wifeless man; "such things I am not fit to receive;
+the only thing I cannot overcome is my miserable sleepiness."
+
+"First come in with me to land," said the Fire Man. And they went
+in together.
+
+When they reached the place, the Noseless One said:
+
+"This is the man who saved my life when I was near to death."
+
+"I happened to save you because my course lay athwart your own,"
+said the wifeless man. "It is the first time for many days that I
+have been out at all in my kayak."
+
+"One beast and one only you may choose when you are on your homeward
+way. And be careful never to tell what you have seen, or it will go
+ill with your hunting hereafter."
+
+Those were the Fire Man's words. And then the wifeless man rowed home.
+
+But when the time for his expected return had come, he was nowhere to
+be seen, and the young girls began to rejoice at the misfortune which
+must have befallen him. For they could not bear the sight of that man.
+
+But then suddenly he came in sight round the point, and at once
+all cried:
+
+"Here comes one who looks like the wifeless man."
+
+And then all the young unmarried girls ran into their houses.
+
+"And the wifeless man has made a catch," one cried.
+
+And hardly had the evening begun to fall when the wifeless man went
+to rest, and hardly had the light appeared when the wifeless man went
+out hunting, long before his fellows. Hardly had the sun appeared in
+the sky, when the wifeless man came home with three seals. And his
+fellow-hunters were then but just preparing to set out.
+
+Thus the days passed for that wifeless man. Early in the morning he
+would go out, and when the sun had only just begun to climb the sky,
+he would come home with his catch.
+
+Then the unmarried girls began talking together.
+
+"What has come to our wifeless man," they said, and began to vie with
+one another in seeking his favour.
+
+"Let me, let me," they cried all together.
+
+And the wifeless man turned towards them, and laughingly chose out
+the best in the flock.
+
+And now they lived together, the wifeless man and the girl, and every
+day there was freshly caught seal meat to be cut up. At last she grew
+weary, and cried:
+
+"Why ever do you catch such a terrible lot?"
+
+"H'm," said he. "The seals come of themselves, and I catch them--that
+is all."
+
+But she kept on asking him, and so he said at last:
+
+"It was in this way. Once...." But having said thus much, he ceased,
+and went to rest. But it was long before he could sleep. And the sun
+was just over the houses of the village before he awoke and set out
+next day.
+
+That day he caught but one seal.
+
+In the evening, his wife began again asking and asking, and seeing
+that she would not desist, at last he said:
+
+"It was in this way. Once ... well, I woke up in the evening, and rowed
+out, and heard a man crying for help, because his kayak had upset. And
+I rowed up to him and righted him again, and when I looked at him,
+it was one of the Noseless Ones."
+
+"'It was a good thing you were not idling about by the houses,'
+said the Noseless One to me.
+
+"'I had but just got into my kayak,'" said I.
+
+And thus he told all that had happened to him that day, and from that
+time forward he lost his power of hunting, for now his old sleepiness
+came over him once more, and he lost all.
+
+At last he had not even skins enough to give his wife for her
+clothes, and so she ran away and left him. He set off in chase, but
+she escaped through a crevice in the rocks, a narrow place whereby
+he could just pass.
+
+Now he lay in wait there, and soon he heard a whispering inside:
+
+"You go out to him."
+
+And out crawled a blowfly, and said:
+
+"Take me."
+
+"I will not take you," said the wifeless man, "for you pick your food
+from the muck-heaps."
+
+The blowfly laughed and crawled back again, and he could hear it say:
+
+"He will not take me, because I pick my food from the muck-heaps."
+
+Then there was more whispering inside.
+
+"Now you go out."
+
+And out came a fly.
+
+"You may have me," it said.
+
+"Thanks," said the wifeless man, "but I do not care for you at all. You
+lay your eggs about anyhow, and your eyes are quite abominably big."
+
+At this the fly laughed, and went inside with the same message
+as before.
+
+Again there was a whispering inside.
+
+"Take me," said the cranefly.
+
+"No, your legs are too long," said the wifeless man. And the cranefly
+went in again, laughing.
+
+Then out came a centipede.
+
+"Take me."
+
+"I will not take you," said the wifeless man, "for you have far too
+many legs. Your body clings to the ground with all those legs, and
+your eyes are simply nasty."
+
+And the centipede laughed a cackling laugh and went in again.
+
+They whispered together again in there, and out came a gnat.
+
+"Take me," said the gnat.
+
+"No thanks, you bite," said the wifeless man. And the gnat went in
+again, laughing.
+
+And then at last his wife bade him come in to her, since he would
+have none of the others, and at last he just managed to squeeze his
+body in through the crack, and then he took her to wife again.
+
+"Comb my hair," said the wifeless man, now very happy once more.
+
+And his wife began, and said words above him thus:
+
+"Do not wake until the fulmar begins to cry: sleep until we hear a
+sound of young birds."
+
+And he fell asleep.
+
+And when at last he awoke, he was all alone. The earth was blue with
+summer, and the fulmar cried noisily on the bird cliff. And it had
+been winter when he crawled in through the crack.
+
+When he came down to his kayak, the skin was rotted through with age.
+
+And then I suppose he reached home as usual, and now sits scratching
+himself at ease.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE VERY OBSTINATE MAN
+
+
+There was once an Obstinate Man--no one in the world could be as
+obstinate as he.  And no one dared come near him, so obstinate was he,
+and he would always have his own way in everything.
+
+Once it came about that his wife was in mourning. Her little child
+had died, and therefore she was obliged to remain idle at home;
+this is the custom of the ignorant, and this we also had to do when
+we were as ignorant as they.
+
+And while she sat thus idle and in mourning, her husband, that
+Obstinate One, came in one day and said:
+
+"You must sew the skin of my kayak."
+
+"You know that I am not permitted to touch any kind of work," said
+his wife.
+
+"You must sew the skin of my kayak," he said again. "Bring it down
+to the shore and sew it there."
+
+And so the woman, for all her mourning, was forced to go down to the
+shore and sew the skin of her husband's kayak. But when she had been
+sewing a little, suddenly her thread began to make a little sound,
+and the little sound grew to a muttering, and louder and louder. And
+at last a monster came up out of the sea; a monster in the shape of
+a dog, and said:
+
+"Why are you sewing, you who are still in mourning?"
+
+"My husband will not listen to me, for he is so obstinate," she said.
+
+And then the mighty dog sprang ashore and fell upon that husband.
+
+But that Obstinate One was not abashed; as usual, he thought he would
+get his own way, and his way now was to kill the dog. And they fought
+together, and the dog was killed.
+
+But now the owner of the dog appeared, and he turned out to be the
+Moon Man.
+
+And he fell upon that Obstinate One, but the Obstinate One would as
+usual not give way, but fell upon him in turn. He caught the Moon Man
+by the throat, and had nearly strangled him. He clenched and clenched,
+and the Moon Man was nearly strangled to death.
+
+"There will be no more ebb-tide or flood if you strangle me," said
+the Moon Man.
+
+But the Obstinate One cared little for that; he only clutched the
+tighter.
+
+"The seal will never breed again if you strangle me," cried the
+Moon Man.
+
+But the Obstinate One did not care at all, though the Moon Man
+threatened more and more.
+
+"There will never be dawn or daylight again if you kill me," said
+the Moon Man at last.
+
+And at this the Obstinate One began to hesitate; he did not like the
+thought of living in the dark for ever. And he let the Moon Man go.
+
+Then the Moon Man called his dog to life again, and made ready to
+leave that place. And he took his team and cast the dogs up into the
+air one by one, and they never came down again, and at last there
+was the whole team of sledge dogs hovering in the air.
+
+"May I come and visit you in the Moon?" asked the Obstinate One. For
+he suddenly felt a great desire to do so.
+
+"Yes, come if you please," said the Moon Man. "But when you see a
+great rock in your way, take great care to drive round behind it. Do
+not pass it on the sunny side, for if you do, your heart will be torn
+out of you."
+
+And then the Moon Man cracked his whip, and drove off through the
+naked air.
+
+Now the Obstinate One began making ready for his journey to the
+moon. It had been his custom to keep his dogs inside the house, and
+therefore they had a thick layer of ingrown dirt in their coats. Now he
+took them and cast them out into the sea, that they might become clean
+again. The dogs, little used to going out at all, were nearly frozen
+to death by that cold water; they ran about, shivering with the cold.
+
+Then the Obstinate One took a dog, and cast it up in the air, but
+it fell down heavily to earth again. He took another and did so, and
+then a third, but they all fell down again. They were still too dirty.
+
+But the Obstinate One would not give in, and now he cast them out
+into the sea once more.
+
+And when he then a second time tried casting them up in the air,
+they stayed there. And now he made himself a sledge, threw his team
+up in the air, and drove off.
+
+But when he came to the rock he was to drive round, this Obstinate
+One said to himself:
+
+"Why should I drive round a rock at all? I will go by the sunny side."
+
+When he came up alongside, he heard a woman singing drum songs, and
+whetting her knife; she kept on singing, and he could hear how the
+steel hummed as she worked.
+
+Now he tried to overpower that old woman, but lost his senses. And
+when he came to himself, his heart was gone.
+
+"I had better go round after all," he thought to himself. And he went
+round by the shady side.
+
+Thus he came up to the moon, and told there how he had lost his heart
+merely for trying to drive round a rock by the sunny side.
+
+Then the Moon Man bade him lie down at full length on his back,
+with a black sealskin under, which he spread on the floor. This the
+Obstinate One did, and then the Moon Man fetched his heart from the
+woman and stuffed it in again.
+
+And while he was there, the Moon Man took up one of the stones from
+the floor, and let him look down on to the earth. And there he saw
+his wife sitting on the bench, plaiting sinews for thread, and this
+although she was in mourning. A thick smoke rose from her body; the
+smoke of her evil thoughts. And her thoughts were evil because she
+was working before her mourning time was passed.
+
+And her husband grew angry at this, forgetting that he had himself
+but newly bidden her work despite her mourning.
+
+And after he had been there some time, the Moon Man opened a stone
+in the entrance to the passage way, and let him look down. The place
+was full of walrus, there were so many that they had to lie one on
+top of another.
+
+"It is a joy to catch such beasts," said the Moon Man, and the
+Obstinate One felt a great desire to harpoon one of them.
+
+"But you must not, you cannot," said the Moon Man, and promised him
+a share of the catch he had just made himself. But the Obstinate One
+would not be content with this; he took harpoons from the Moon Man's
+store, and harpooned a walrus. Then he held it on the line--he was a
+man of very great strength, that Obstinate One--and managed to kill
+it. And in the same way he also dealt with another.
+
+After his return from the Moon Man's place, he left off being
+obstinate, and never again forced his wife to work while she was
+in mourning.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE DWARFS
+
+
+A man who was out in his kayak saw another kayak far off, and rowed
+up to it. When he came up with it, he saw that the man in it was a
+very little man, a dwarf.
+
+"What do you want," asked the dwarf, who was very much afraid of
+the man.
+
+"I saw you from afar and rowed up," said the man.
+
+But the dwarf was plainly troubled and afraid.
+
+"I was hunting a little fjord seal which I cannot hit," he said.
+
+"Let me try," said the other. And so they waited until it came up to
+breathe. Hardly had it come up, when the harpoons went flying towards
+it, and entered in between its shoulder-blades.
+
+"Ai, ai--what a throw!" cried the dwarf in astonishment. And the man
+took the seal and made a tow-line fast.
+
+Then the two kayaks set off together in towards land.
+
+"Hum--hum. Wouldn't care to ... come and visit us?" [5] said the
+dwarf suddenly.
+
+But this the man would gladly do.
+
+"Hum--hum. I've a wife ... and a daughter ... very beautiful daughter
+... hum--hum. Many men wanted her ... wouldn't have them ... can't
+take her by force ... very strong. Thought of taking her to wife
+myself ... hum--hum. But she is too strong for me ... own daughter."
+
+They rowed on a while, and then the little one spoke again.
+
+"Hum--hum. Might perhaps do for you ... you could manage her ... what?"
+
+"Let us first see her," said the man. And now they rowed into a great
+deep fjord.
+
+When they came to the place, they landed and went up at once to the
+house of the little old man. And those in the house did all they
+could that the stranger might be well pleased. When they had been
+sitting there a while, the old man said:
+
+"Hum--hum ... our guest has made a catch ... he comes to us bringing
+game."
+
+Now it was easy to see that they would gladly have tasted the flesh
+of that little seal. And so the guest said:
+
+"If you care to cook that meat, then set to work and cut it up as
+soon as you please. Cut it up and give to those who wish to eat of it."
+
+The little old man was delighted at this, and sent out his two
+women-folk to cut up that seal. But they stayed away a long while,
+and no one came in with any meat. So the little old man went out to
+look for them.
+
+And there stood the two women, hauling at the little fjord seal,
+which they could not manage to drag up from the shore. They could not
+even manage it with the old man's help. They hauled away, all three
+of them, bending their bodies to the ground in their efforts, but the
+seal would not move. Then at last the stranger came out, and he took
+that seal by the flipper with one hand, and carried it up that way.
+
+"What strength, what strength! The man is a giant indeed," cried the
+little folk. And they fell to work cutting up the seal, but to them
+it seemed as if they were cutting up a huge walrus, so hard did they
+find it to cut up that little seal.
+
+And people came hurrying down from the houses up above, and all wished
+to share. The women of the house then shared out that seal. Each of
+the guests was given a little breastbone and no more, but this to
+them was a very great piece of meat. When they held such a piece in
+their hands, it reached to the ground, and their hands and clothes
+were covered with fat.
+
+Inside on the bench sat an old hag who now began trying to make
+herself agreeable to the guest. She squeezed up close to him and kept
+on talking to him, and looking at him kindly. She was old and ugly,
+and the man would have nothing to do with her. Suddenly he gave a
+loud whistle.
+
+"Ugh--ugh!" cried the old hag in a fright, and fell down from the
+bench. Then she stumbled down into the passage way, and disappeared.
+
+And now after they had feasted on the seal meat, those from the houses
+up above cried out:
+
+"Let the guest now come up here; we have foxes' liver to eat!"
+
+And as he did not come at once, they cried again. And then he went
+up. The house was full of people, all busy eating foxes' liver.
+
+"It is very hard to cut," said the dwarfs. "It is dried."
+
+And the dwarfs worked away as hard as they could, but could not cut
+it through. But the guest took and munched and crunched as if it had
+been fresh meat.
+
+"Ai, ai--see how he can eat," cried some.
+
+But all those in the house were very kind to him, and would gladly
+have seen him married into their family. And the young women had
+dressed their hair daintily with mussel shells, that the guest might
+think them the finer. But he cared for none of them, for the little
+old man's daughter was the most beautiful.
+
+And therefore he went down to that house again when it was time to
+go to rest. And he said he would have her to wife.
+
+And so they lived happily together, and soon they had a child.
+
+And now the man began to long for his own place and kin. He thought
+more and more of his old mother, who was still alive when he started
+off.
+
+And so one day he said he was going to visit his home.
+
+"We will all go with you," said the little old man; "we will visit
+your kinsfolk."
+
+And so they made ready for the journey, and set out.
+
+Now when they came to the place of real people, all these were greatly
+astonished to find their old comrade still alive. For they had thought
+him dead long since.
+
+And the dwarf people lived happily enough among the real men, and
+after a little time they forgot to be troubled and afraid.
+
+But one day when the little dwarf grandmother was sitting at the
+opening of the passage way with the little child, she dropped the
+child in the passage.
+
+"Hlurp--hlurp--hlurp," was all she heard. A great dog, his face black
+on one side and white on the other, lay there in the passage, and it
+ate up the child on the spot.
+
+"Ai--ai," she cried. "Nothing is left but a little smear on the
+ground."
+
+And now the dwarf folk were filled with horror, and the little old
+man was for setting off at once. So they gathered their belongings
+together and set out.
+
+And whenever they came to a village, they went up on shore, and the
+old man always went up with his tent-skins on his back.
+
+"Are there any dogs here? Is there a great beast with a black-and-white
+face?" was always the first thing he asked.
+
+"Yes, indeed." And before they could turn round, the old man was back
+in his boat again, so great was his fear of dogs.
+
+And at last the skin was worn quite away from his forehead with
+carrying of tent-skins up on to the shore in vain. [6]
+
+One day they were lying-to, when a wind began to blow from the north.
+
+"Are there dogs here?" asked the old man, and groaned, for his forehead
+was flayed and smarting, so often had he borne those tent-skins up
+and down. But before any could answer, he heard the barking of the
+dogs themselves. And in a moment he was back in his boat again.
+
+The wind had grown stronger. The seas were frothing white, and the
+foam was scattered about.
+
+Then the old dwarf stood up in his boat and cried:
+
+"The sky is clearing to the east with crested clouds."
+
+Now this was a magic song, and as soon as he had sung it, the sea
+was calm and bright once more.
+
+Then the old man went on again. So great was the power of his magic
+words that he could calm the sea. But for all that he had no peace,
+by reason of the dogs.
+
+And he went on his way again, but whither he came at last I do
+not know.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE BOY FROM THE BOTTOM OF THE SEA, WHO FRIGHTENED THE PEOPLE OF THE
+HOUSE TO DEATH
+
+
+Well, you see, it was the usual thing: "The Obstinate One" had taken
+a wife, and of course he beat her, and when he wanted to make it an
+extra special beating, he took a box, and banged her about with that.
+
+One day, when he had been beating her as usual, she ran away. And
+she was just about to have a child at that time. She walked straight
+out into the sea, and was nearly drowned, but suddenly she came to
+herself again, and found that she was at the bottom of the sea. And
+there she built herself a house.
+
+While she was down there, the child was born. And when she went to
+look at it, she nearly died of fright, it was so ugly. Its eyes were
+jellyfish, its hair of seaweed, and the mouth was like a mussel.
+
+And now these two lived down there together. The child grew up, and
+when it was a little grown up, it could hear the children playing on
+the earth up above, and it said:
+
+"I should like to go up and see."
+
+"When you have grown stronger, then you may go," said his mother. And
+then the boy began practising feats of strength, with stones. And at
+last he was able to pick up stones as big as a chest, and carry them
+into the house.
+
+One evening, when it was dark, they heard again a calling from
+above. The children, not content with simply shouting at their play,
+began crying out: "Iyoi-iyoi-iyoi," with all their might.
+
+"Now I will go with you," said the mother. "But you must not go into
+the houses nearest the shore, for there I often fled in when your
+father would have beaten me; I have suffered much evil up there. And
+when you thrust in your head, be sure to look as angry as you can."
+
+There were two houses on the shore, one a little way above the
+other. As they went up, the mother suddenly saw that her son was
+going into the one nearest the shore. And she cried:
+
+"Ha-a; Ha-a! When your father beat me, I always ran in there. Go to
+the one up above."
+
+And now the boy made his face fierce, and thrust in his head at the
+doorway, and all those inside fell down dead with fright. He would
+have beaten his father, but his father had died long since. Then he
+went down again to the bottom of the sea.
+
+When the day dawned, the people from the house nearest the shore came
+out and said:
+
+"Ai! What footsteps are these, all full of seaweed?"
+
+And seeing that the tracks led up to the house a little way above,
+they followed there, and found that all inside had died of fright.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE RAVEN AND THE GOOSE
+
+
+Do you know why the raven is so black, so dull and black in colour? It
+is all because of its own obstinacy. Now listen.
+
+It happened in the days when all the birds were getting their colours
+and the pattern in their coats. And the raven and the goose happened
+to meet, and they agreed to paint each other.
+
+The raven began, and painted the other black, with a nice white
+pattern showing between.
+
+The goose thought that very fine indeed, and began to do the same by
+the raven, painting it a coat exactly like its own.
+
+But then the raven fell into a rage, and declared the pattern was
+frightfully ugly, and the goose, offended at all the fuss, simply
+splashed it black all over.
+
+And now you know why the raven is black.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+WHEN THE RAVENS COULD SPEAK
+
+
+Once, long ago, there was a time when the ravens could talk.
+
+But the strange thing about the ravens' speech was that their words
+had the opposite meaning. When they wanted to thank any one, they used
+words of abuse, and thus always said the reverse of what they meant.
+
+But as they were thus so full of lies, there came one day an old man,
+and by magic means took away their power of speech. And since that
+time the ravens can do no more than shriek.
+
+But the ravens' nature has not changed, and to this day they are an
+ill-tempered, lying, thieving lot.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+MAKITE
+
+
+Makite, men say, took to wife the sister of many brothers, but he
+himself could never manage to catch a seal when he was out in his
+kayak. But his wife's brothers caught seal in great numbers. And
+so it was that one day he heard his wife say she would leave him,
+because he never caught anything. And in his grief at hearing this,
+he said to himself:
+
+"This evening, when they are all asleep, I will go up into the hills
+and live there all alone."
+
+When darkness had fallen, he set off up into the hills, but as he
+went, his wife's father, who was standing outside, saw him going,
+and cried in to the others in the house:
+
+"Makite has gone up into the hills to live there all alone. Go
+after him."
+
+The many brothers went out after him, but when they had nearly come up
+with him, he made his steps longer, and thus got farther and farther
+away from them, and at last they ceased to pursue him any more.
+
+On his way he came to a house, and this was just as it was beginning
+to get light. He looked in, and saw that the hangings on the walls were
+of nothing but reindeer and foxes' skins. And now he said to himself:
+
+"Hum--I may as well go in."
+
+But as he went in, the hinge of the door creaked, and then a strange,
+deep sound was heard inside the house, and it began to shake.
+
+At the same moment, the master of the house came in and said:
+
+"Have you had nothing to eat yet?"
+
+Makite said: "I will eat nothing until I know what are those things
+which look like candles, there in front of the window."
+
+Then the lone-dweller said:
+
+"That is no concern of one who is not himself a lone-dweller. Therefore
+he cannot tell you."
+
+But then Makite said: "If you do not tell me, I will kill you."
+
+And then at last he told.
+
+"It may be you have seen to-day the great hills away in the blue to
+the south; if you go up to the top of the nearer hill, you will find
+nothing there, but he who climbs that one which lies farther away,
+and reaches the top, he will find such things there. But this cannot
+be done by one who is not a lone-dweller."
+
+And not until he had said all this did Makite eat.
+
+Then they both went to rest. And just as he was near falling asleep,
+the lone-dweller began to quiver slightly, but he pretended to
+sleep. And before Makite could see what he was about, the lone-dweller
+had strung his bow, and Makite, therefore, seeing he was preparing to
+kill him, pretended to wake up, and then the other laid aside his bow
+so quickly that it seemed as if he had not held anything at all. At
+last, when it was nearly dawn, the lone-dweller fell asleep, and then
+Makite tried very cautiously to get out, but as he was about to pass
+through the doorway, he again happened to draw the door to after him,
+and again it creaked as before with a strange sound. When he looked
+in through the window, the lone-dweller was about to get up.
+
+Now Makite had laid his great spear a little way above the house,
+and he ran to the place. When he looked round, he saw that the man
+from the house was already in chase. Then he came to a big rock,
+and as there was no help for it, he commenced to run round. When he
+had run round it for the third time, he grasped his harpoon firmly,
+and without turning round, thrust it out behind him, and struck
+something soft. He had struck the other in the side.
+
+Having now killed this one, and as there was no help for it, he
+wandered on at hazard, and came to a great plain. And in the middle of
+the plain was something which looked like a house. And he went up to
+it and found it was the house of a dwarf, and no end of people coming
+out of it. One went in and another came out, and so they kept on. He
+tried to get into the passage, but could not even get his foot in.
+
+Then he heard someone inside saying:
+
+"Heave up the passage way a little with your back, and then come in."
+
+When he came in, it was a big place, and the old creature spoke to him,
+and said:
+
+"When you go out, look towards the west; the inland-dwellers are
+coming."
+
+And when Makite went out, he looked towards the west, and there he
+saw a great black thing approaching, and when he then came in again,
+the old man went to the window and called out:
+
+"Here they are; they are close up now."
+
+And then the dwarfs went out to fight, and took up their posts on
+the plain, one party opposite the other, and none said a word.
+
+But suddenly the dog that was with the inland folk gave a great bark,
+and there came a mighty wave of water, rolling right up to the dwarfs.
+
+But when it had come quite close to them, it suddenly grew quite
+small. And then the dwarfs' dog gave a bark. And at the same time
+the dwarfs' wave arose, and washed right up over the inland folk,
+and drowned them, and only few of them escaped alive.
+
+When they came home again, Makite built himself a house, and from
+the high hill fetched some of those things which looked like candles,
+and hung them up in his house. And he lived there in his house until
+he died.
+
+And here ends this story.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ASALOQ
+
+
+Asaloq, men say, had a foster-brother. Once when he had come home after
+having been out in his kayak, his foster-brother had disappeared. He
+sought for him everywhere, but being unable to find him, he built a big
+umiak, and when it was built, he covered it with three layers of skins.
+
+Then he rowed off southwards with his wife. And while they were rowing,
+they saw a black ripple on the sea ahead. When they came to the place,
+they saw that it was the sea-lice. And the outermost layer of skins
+on the boat was eaten away before they got through them.
+
+Now they rowed onwards again, and saw once more a black ripple
+ahead. When they came to the place, they saw that it was the
+sea-serpents. And once again they slipped through with the loss of
+one layer of skins.
+
+Having now but one layer of skins left, they went in great fear of
+what they might chance to meet next. But without seeing anything
+strange, they rounded a point, and came in sight of a place with many
+houses. Hardly had they come into land when the strangers caught hold
+of their boat, and hauled it up, so that Asaloq had no need to help.
+
+And now it was learned that these were folk who had a strong man in
+their midst. Asaloq had been but a short time in one of the houses,
+when they heard the sound of one coming from outside and in through
+the passage way; it was the strong man's talebearer boy, and to make
+matters worse, a boy with a squint.
+
+And now the people of the house said:
+
+"Now that wretched boy will most certainly tell him you are here." And
+indeed, the boy was just about to run out again, when they caught
+hold of him and set him up behind the lamp. But hardly had they
+turned their backs on him for a moment, when he slipped out before
+any could move, and they heard the sound of his running footsteps
+in the snow without. And after a while, the window grew red with a
+constant filling of faces looking in to say:
+
+"We are sent to bid the stranger come."
+
+And since there was no help for it, Asaloq went up there with
+them. When he came into the house, it was full of people, and he
+looked round and saw the strong man far in on the big bench. And at the
+moment Asaloq caught sight of him, the strong man said in a deep voice:
+
+"Let us have a wrestling match."
+
+And as he spoke, the others drew out a skin from under the bench,
+and spread it on the floor. And after the skin had been spread out,
+food was brought in. And Asaloq ate till there was no more left. But
+as he rose, all that he had eaten fell out of his stomach. And then
+they began pulling arms.
+
+And now Asaloq began mightily pulling the arms of all the men there,
+until the skin was worn from his arm, leaving the flesh almost bare.
+
+And when he had straightened out all their arms, he went out of that
+house the strongest of all, and went out to his umiak and rowed away
+southwards with his wife. And when they had rowed a little way,
+they came to a little island, and pitched their tent on the sunny
+side. And when Asaloq then went up on the hillside to look out, he
+saw many umiaks coming from the northward, and they camped on the
+shady side. Then he heard them say:
+
+"Now search carefully about." And others said:
+
+"He can hardly be on such a little island."
+
+And now Asaloq sang magic songs over them from the top of the hill,
+and at last he heard them say:
+
+"We may as well go home again."
+
+Now Asaloq stood and watched them row away, and not until they were
+out of sight did he set off again to the southward. At last they
+reached Aluk, and there their bones still rest.
+
+Here ends this story.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+UKALEQ
+
+
+Ukaleq, men say, was a strong man. Whenever he heard news of game,
+even if it were a great bear, he had only to go out after it, and he
+never failed to kill it.
+
+Once the winter came, and the ice grew firm, and then men began to go
+out hunting bears on the ice. One day there was a big bear. Ukaleq
+set off in chase, but he soon found that it was not to be easily
+brought down.
+
+The bear sighted Ukaleq, and turned to pursue him. Ukaleq fled, but
+grew tired at length. Now and again he managed to wound the beast,
+but was killed himself at last, and at the same time the bear fell
+down dead.
+
+Now when his comrades came to look at the bear, its teeth began to
+whisper, and then they knew that Ukaleq had been killed by a Magic
+Bear. [7] And as there was no help for it, they took the dead man
+home with them. And then his mother said:
+
+"Lay him in the middle of the floor with a skin beneath him." She
+had kept the dress he had worn as a little child, and now that he
+was dead, she put it in her carrying bag, and went out with it to
+the cooking place in the passage. And when she got there, she said:
+
+"For five days I will neither eat nor drink."
+
+Then she began hushing the dress in the bag as if it were a child,
+and kept on hushing it until at last it began to move in the bag,
+and just as it had commenced to move, there came some out from the
+house and said:
+
+"Ukaleq is beginning to quiver."
+
+But she kept on hushing and hushing, and at last that which she had
+in the bag began trying to crawl out. But then there came one from
+the house and said:
+
+"Ukaleq has begun to breathe; he is sitting up."
+
+Hardly was this said when that which was in the bag sprang out,
+making the whole house shake. Then they made up a bed for Ukaleq on
+the side bench, and placed skins under him and made him sit up. And
+after five days had passed, and that without eating or drinking,
+he came to himself again, and commenced to go out hunting once more.
+
+Then the winter came, and the winter was there, and the ice was
+over the sea, and when the ice had formed, they began to make spirit
+callings. The villages were close together, and all went visiting in
+other villages.
+
+And at last Ukaleq set out with his family to a village near by,
+where there was to be a big spirit calling. The house where it was
+to be held was so big that there were three windows in it, and yet
+it was crowded with folk.
+
+In the middle of the spirit calling, there was an old woman who was
+sitting cross-legged up on the bench, and she turned round towards
+the others and said:
+
+"We heard last autumn that Ukaleq had been killed by a Magic
+Bear." Hardly had she said those words when an old wifeless man turned
+towards her and said:
+
+"Was it by any chance your Magic Bear that killed him?"
+
+Then the old woman turned towards the others and said:
+
+"Mine? Now where could I have kept such a thing?"
+
+But after saying that she did not move. She even forgot to breathe,
+for shame at having been discovered by the wifeless man, and so she
+died on the spot.
+
+After that Ukaleq went home, and never went out hunting bears again.
+
+Here ends this story.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+IKARDLITUARSSUK
+
+
+Ikardlituarssuk, men say, had a little brother; they lived at a place
+where there were many other houses. One autumn the sea was frozen
+right out from the coast, without a speck of open water for a long
+way out. After this, there was great dearth and famine; at last their
+fellow-villagers began to offer a new kayak paddle as a reward for
+the one who should magic it away, but there was no wizard among the
+people of that village.
+
+Then it came about that Ikardlituarssuk's little brother began to
+speak to him thus:
+
+"Ikardlituarssuk, how very nice it would be to win that new paddle!"
+
+And then it was revealed that Ikardlituarssuk had formerly sat on
+the knee of one of those present when the wizards called up their
+helping spirits.
+
+Then it came about that Ikardlituarssuk one evening began to call upon
+his helping spirits. He called them up, and having called them up,
+went out, and having gone out, went down to the water's edge, crept
+in through a crack between the land and the ice, and started off,
+walking along the bottom of the sea.
+
+He walked along, and when he came to seaweed, it seemed as if there
+lay dogs in among the weed. But these were sharks. Then on his way
+he saw a little house, and went towards it. When he came up to the
+entrance, it was narrow as the edge of a woman's knife. But he got
+in all the same, following that way which was narrow as the edge
+of a woman's knife. And when he came in, there sat the mother of
+Tornarssuk, the spirit who lived down there; she was sitting by her
+lamp and weeping. And picking behind her ears, she threw down many
+strange things. Inside her lamp were many birds that dived down,
+and inside the house were many seals that bobbed up.
+
+And now he began tickling the weeping woman as hard as he could,
+to encourage her; and at last she was encouraged, and after this,
+she freed a number of the birds, and then made a sign to many of the
+seals to swim out of the house. And when they swam out, there was one
+of the fjord seals which she liked so much that she plucked a few of
+the hairs from its back, that she might have it to make breeches of
+when it was caught.
+
+And when all this had been done, she went home, and went to rest
+without saying a word.
+
+When they awoke next morning, the sea was quite dark ahead, and all
+the ice had gone. But when the villagers came out, she said to them:
+
+"Do not kill more than one; if any of you should kill two, he will
+never kill again."
+
+And furthermore she said:
+
+"If any of you should catch a young fjord seal with a bare patch on
+its back, you must give it to me to make breeches."
+
+When they came back, each of the hunters had made a catch; only one
+of them had caught two. And the man who had caught two seals that
+day never after caught any seal at all when he rowed out, but all the
+others always made a catch when they rowed out, and some of them even
+caught several at a time.
+
+Thus it came about that Ikardlituarssuk with the little brother won
+the new paddle as a reward.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE RAVEN WHO WANTED A WIFE
+
+
+A little sparrow was mourning for her husband who was lost. She was
+very fond of him, for he caught worms for her.
+
+As she sat there weeping, a raven came up to her and asked:
+
+"Why are you weeping?"
+
+"I am weeping for my husband, who is lost; I was fond of him, because
+he caught worms for me," said the sparrow.
+
+"It is not fitting for one to weep who can hop over high blades of
+grass," said the raven. "Take me for a husband; I have a fine high
+forehead, broad temples, a long beard and a big beak; you shall sleep
+under my wings, and I will give you lovely offal to eat."
+
+"I will not take you for a husband, for you have a high forehead, broad
+temples, a long beard and a big beak, and will give me offal to eat."
+
+So the raven flew away--flew off to seek a wife among the wild
+geese. And he was so lovesick that he could not sleep.
+
+When he came to the wild geese, they were about to fly away to
+other lands.
+
+Said the raven to two of the geese:
+
+"Seeing that a miserable sparrow has refused me, I will have you."
+
+"We are just getting ready to fly away," said the geese.
+
+"I will go too," said the raven.
+
+"But consider this: that none can go with us who cannot swim or rest
+upon the surface of the water. For there are no icebergs along the
+way we go."
+
+"It is nothing; I will sail through the air," said the raven.
+
+And the wild geese flew away, and the raven with them. But very soon
+he felt himself sinking from weariness and lack of sleep.
+
+"Something to rest on!" cried the raven, gasping. "Sit you down
+side by side." And his two wives sat down together on the water,
+while their comrades flew on.
+
+The raven sat down on them and fell asleep. But when his wives saw
+the other geese flying farther and farther away, they dropped that
+raven into the sea and flew off after them.
+
+"Something to rest on!" gasped the raven, as it fell into the
+water. And at last it went to the bottom and was drowned.
+
+And after a while, it broke up into little pieces, and its soul was
+turned into little "sea ravens." [8]
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE MAN WHO TOOK A VIXEN TO WIFE
+
+
+There was once a man who wished to have a wife unlike all other wives,
+and so he caught a little fox, a vixen, and took it home to his tent.
+
+One day when he had been out hunting, he was surprised to find on his
+return that his little fox-wife had become a real woman. She had a
+lovely top-knot, made of that which had been her tail. And she had
+taken off the furry skin. And when he saw her thus, he thought her
+very beautiful indeed.
+
+Now she began to talk about journeyings, and how greatly she desired
+to see other people. And so they went off, and came to a place and
+settled down there.
+
+One of the men there had taken a little hare to wife. And now these
+two men thought it would be a pleasant thing to change wives. And so
+they did.
+
+But the man who had borrowed the little vixen wife began to feel
+scorn of her after he had lived with her a little while. She had a
+foxy smell, and did not taste nice.
+
+But when the little vixen noticed this she was very angry, for it was
+her great desire to be well thought of by the men. So she knocked
+out the lamp with her tail, dashed out of the house, and fled away
+far up into the hills.
+
+Up in the hills she met a worm, and stayed with him.
+
+But her husband, who was very fond of her, went out in search of
+her. And at last, after a long time, he found her living with the worm,
+who had taken human form.
+
+But now it was revealed that this worm was the man's old enemy. For
+he had once, long before, burned a worm, and it was the soul of that
+worm which had now taken human form. He could even see the marks of
+burning in its face.
+
+Now the worm challenged the man to pull arms, and they wrestled. But
+the man found the worm very easy to master, and soon he won. After that
+he went out, no longer caring for his wife at all. And he wandered far,
+and came to the shore-dwellers. They had their houses on the shore,
+just by high-water mark.
+
+Their houses were quite small, and the people themselves were dwarfs,
+who called the eider duck walrus. But they looked just like men,
+and were not in the least dangerous. We never see such folk nowadays,
+but our forefathers have told us about them, for they knew them.
+
+And now when the man saw their house, which was roofed with stones,
+he went inside. But first he had to make himself quite small, though
+this of course was an easy matter for him, great wizard as he was.
+
+As soon as he came in, they brought out meat to set before him. There
+was the whole fore-flipper of a mighty walrus. That is to say, it was
+really nothing more than the wing of an eider duck. And they fell to
+upon this and ate. But they did not eat it all up.
+
+After he had stayed with these people some time he went back to his
+house. And I have no more to tell of him.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE GREAT BEAR
+
+
+A woman ran away from her home because her child had died. On her
+way she came to a house. In the passage way there lay skins of bears.
+And she went in.
+
+And now it was revealed that the people who lived in there were bears
+in human form.
+
+Yet for all that she stayed with them. One big bear used to go out
+hunting to find food for them. It would put on its skin, and go out,
+and stay away for a long time, and always return with some catch or
+other. But one day the woman who had run away began to feel homesick,
+and greatly desired to see her kin. And then the bear spoke to
+her thus:
+
+"Do not speak of us when you return to men," it said. For it was
+afraid lest its two cubs should be killed by the men.
+
+Then the woman went home, and there she felt a great desire to tell
+what she had seen. And one day, as she sat with her husband in the
+house, she said to him:
+
+"I have seen bears."
+
+And now many sledges drove out, and when the bear saw them coming
+towards its house, it felt so sorry for its cubs that it bit them to
+death, that they might not fall into the hands of men.
+
+But then it dashed out to find the woman who had betrayed it, and
+broke into her house and bit her to death. But when it came out, the
+dogs closed round it and fell upon it. The bear struck out at them,
+but suddenly all of them became wonderfully bright, and rose up to the
+sky in the form of stars. And it is these which we call Qilugtussat,
+the stars which look like barking dogs about a bear.
+
+Since then, men have learned to beware of bears, for they hear what
+men say.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE MAN WHO BECAME A STAR
+
+
+There was once an old man who stood out on the ice waiting for the
+seal to come up to their breathing holes to breathe. But on the shore,
+just opposite where he was, a crowd of children were playing in a
+ravine, and time after time they frightened away a seal just as he
+was about to harpoon it.
+
+At last the old man grew angry with them for thus spoiling his catch,
+and cried out:
+
+"Close up, Ravine, over those who are spoiling my hunting."
+
+And at once the hillside closed over those children at play. One of
+them, who was carrying a little brother, had her fur coat torn.
+
+Then they all fell to screaming inside the hill, for they could not
+come out. And none could bring them food, only water that they were
+able to pour down a crack, and this they licked up from the sides.
+
+At last they all died of hunger.
+
+And now the neighbours fell upon that old man who had shut up the
+children by magic in the hill. He took to flight, and the others ran
+after him.
+
+But all at once he became bright, and rose up to heaven as a great
+star. We can see it now, in the west, when the lights begin to return
+after the great darkness. But it is low down, and never climbs high
+in the sky. And we call it Nalaussartoq: he who stands and listens. [9]
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE WOMAN WITH THE IRON TAIL
+
+
+There was once a woman who had an iron tail. And more than this,
+she was also an eater of men. When a stranger came to visit her,
+she would wait until her guest had fallen asleep, and then she would
+jump up in the air, and fall down upon the sleeping one, who was thus
+pierced through by her tail.
+
+Once there came a man to her house. And he lay down to sleep. And when
+she thought he had fallen asleep, she jumped up, and coming over the
+place where he lay, dropped down upon him. But the man was not asleep
+at all, and he moved aside so that she fell down on a stone and broke
+her tail.
+
+The man fled out to his kayak. And she ran after.
+
+When she reached him, she cried:
+
+"Oh, if I could only thrust my knife into him."
+
+And as she cried, the man nearly upset--for even her words had power.
+
+"Oh, if only I could send my harpoon through her," cried the man in
+return. And so great was the power of his words that she fell down
+on the spot.
+
+And then the man rowed away, and the woman never killed anyone after
+that, for her tail was broken.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+HOW THE FOG CAME
+
+
+There was a Mountain Spirit, which stole corpses from their graves
+and ate them when it came home. And a man, wishing to see who did
+this thing, let himself be buried alive. The Spirit came, and saw
+the new grave, and dug up the body, and carried it off.
+
+The man had stuck a flat stone in under his coat, in case the Spirit
+should try to stab him.
+
+On the way, he caught hold of all the willow twigs whenever they
+passed any bushes, and made himself as heavy as he could, so that
+the Spirit was forced to put forth all its strength.
+
+At last the Spirit reached its house, and flung down the body on the
+floor. And then, being weary, it lay down to sleep, while its wife
+went out to gather wood for the cooking.
+
+"Father, father, he is opening his eyes," cried the children, when
+the dead man suddenly looked up.
+
+"Nonsense, children, it is a dead body, which I have dropped many
+times among the twigs on the way," said the father.
+
+But the man rose up, and killed the Mountain Spirit and its children,
+and fled away as fast as he could. The Mountain Spirit's wife saw him,
+and mistook him for her husband.
+
+"Where are you going?" she cried.
+
+The man did not answer, but fled on. And the woman, thinking something
+must be wrong, ran after him.
+
+And as he was running over level ground, he cried:
+
+"Rise up, hills!"
+
+And at once many hills rose up.
+
+Then the Mountain Spirit's wife lagged behind, having to climb up so
+many hills.
+
+The man saw a little stream, and sprang across.
+
+"Flow over your banks!" he cried to the stream. And now it was
+impossible for her to get across.
+
+"How did you get across?" cried the woman.
+
+"I drank up the water. Do you likewise."
+
+And the woman began gulping it down.
+
+Then the man turned round towards her, and said:
+
+"Look at the tail of your tunic; it is hanging down between your legs."
+
+And when she bent down to look, her belly burst.
+
+And as she burst, a steam rose up out of her, and turned to fog,
+which still floats about to this day among the hills.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE MAN WHO AVENGED THE WIDOWS
+
+
+This was in the old days, in those times when men were yet skilful
+rowers in kayaks. You know that there once came a great sickness
+which carried off all the older men, and the young men who were left
+alive did not know how to build kayaks, and thus it came about that
+the manner of hunting in kayaks was long forgotten.
+
+But our forefathers were so skilful, that they would cross seas which
+we no longer dare to venture over. The weather also was in those times
+less violent than now; the winds came less suddenly, and it is said
+that the sea was never so rough.
+
+In those times, there lived a man at Kangarssuk whose name was
+Angusinanguaq, and he had a very beautiful wife, wherefore all men
+envied him. And one day, when they were setting out to hunt eider
+duck on the islands, the other men took counsel, and agreed to leave
+Angusinanguaq behind on a little lonely island there.
+
+And so they sailed out to those islands, which lie far out at sea,
+and there they caught eider duck in snares, and gathered eggs, and were
+soon ready to turn homeward again. Then they pushed out from the land,
+without waiting for Angusinanguaq, who was up looking to his snares,
+and they took his kayak in tow, that he might never more be able to
+leave that island.
+
+And now they hastened over towards the mainland. And the way was long.
+
+But when they came in sight of the tents, they saw a man going from
+one tent to another, visiting the women whom they left behind at that
+place. They rowed faster, and came nearer. All the men of that place
+had gone out together for that hunting, and they could not guess who
+it might be that was now visiting among the tents.
+
+Then an old man who was steering the boat shaded his eyes with his
+hand and looked over towards land.
+
+"The man is Angusinanguaq," he said.
+
+And now it was revealed that Angusinanguaq was a great wizard. When
+the umiaks had left, and he could not find his kayak, he had wound
+his body about with strips of hide, bending it into a curve, and
+then, as is the way of wizards, gathered magic power wherewith to
+move through the air. And thus he had come back to that place, long
+before those who had sought his death.
+
+And from that day onwards, none ever planned again to take his
+wife. And it was well for them that they left him in peace.
+
+For at that time, people were many, and there were people in all
+the lands round about. Out on the islands also there were people,
+and these were a fierce folk whom none might come near. Moreover when
+a kayak from the mainland came near their village, they would call
+down a fog upon him, so that he could not see, and in this manner
+cause him to perish.
+
+But now one day Angusinanguaq planned to avenge his
+fellow-villagers. He rowed out to those unapproachable ones, and took
+them by surprise, being a great wizard, and killed many of the men,
+and cut off their heads and piled them up on the side bench. And
+having completed his revenge, he rowed away.
+
+There was great joy among the widows of all those dead hunters when
+they learned that Angusinanguaq had avenged their husbands. And they
+went into his hut one by one and thanked him.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE MAN WHO WENT OUT TO SEARCH FOR HIS SON
+
+
+Once in the days of our forefathers, a man went out along the coasts,
+making search for his son. For that son had gone out in his kayak
+and had not returned.
+
+One day he saw a giant beside a great glacier, and rowed up to him
+then. When he had entered the house, the giant drew forth a drum,
+a beautiful drum with a skin that had been taken from the belly of a
+man. Now the giant was about to give him this drum, but at the same
+time he felt such a violent desire to eat him up, that he trembled
+all over.
+
+Just then some great salmon began dropping down through a hole in the
+roof, and the man was so frightened at this that he could scarcely
+eat. And he could not get out of the place.
+
+But he was himself a great wizard, and now he began calling upon his
+helping spirits. And they were great.
+
+"Killer whales, killer whales--come forth, my helping spirits and
+show yourselves, for here is one who desires to eat me up."
+
+And they came forth, and the house was crushed and the giant was
+killed, and the man set out again in search of his own.
+
+Then he met another big man, and this man did nothing but eat men,
+and their kayaks he threw down into a great ravine. The man rowed up
+to this giant. And when he reached him, the man-eater said: "Come here
+and look," and led him to the deep ravine. And when the man looked
+down, the giant tried to thrust him backwards down into the depth.
+
+But the man caught hold of the giant's legs and cast him down
+instead. And then he went on again.
+
+And as he was rowing on, he heard the bone of a seal calling to him:
+"Take away the moss which has stopped up the hole that goes through
+me." And he did so, and went on again.
+
+Another time he heard a mussel at the bottom of the sea crying:
+
+"Here is a mussel that wishes to see you; come down to the bottom;
+row your kayak straight down through the water--this way!"
+
+That mussel wanted to eat him. But he did not heed it.
+
+Then at last one day he saw an old woman, and rowed towards her,
+and came up to her. And she said:
+
+"Let me dry your boots." And she took them and hung them up so high
+that he could not reach them. The man would have slept, but he could
+not sleep for fear.
+
+"Give me my boots," he said. For it was now revealed that she was a
+man-eater. And so he got hold of his boots and fled down to his kayak,
+and the woman ran after him.
+
+"If only I could catch him, and cut him up," she said. And as she
+spoke, the kayak nearly upset.
+
+"If only I could send a bird dart through her," said the man. And as
+he spoke, the woman fell down on her back and broke her knife.
+
+And then he rowed on his way. And on his way he met a man, and rowed
+up to him.
+
+"See what a skin I have stretched out here," said the stranger. And
+he knew at once it was his son's kayak. The stranger had eaten his
+son, and there was his skin stretched out. The man therefore went up
+on land and trampled that man-eater to death, so that all his bones
+were crushed.
+
+And then he went home again.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ATUNGAIT, WHO WENT A-WANDERING
+
+
+Atungait, that great man, had once, it is said, a fancy to go out on
+a sledge trip with a strong woman.
+
+He took a ribbon seal and had it flayed, and forbade his wife to
+scrape the meat side clean, so that the skin might be as thick as
+possible. And so he had it dried.
+
+When the winter had come, he went out to visit a tribe well known
+for their eagerness in playing football. He stayed among them for
+some time, and watched the games, carefully marking who was strongest
+among the players. And he saw that there was one among them a woman
+small of stature, who yet always contrived to snatch the ball from
+the others. Therefore he gave her the great thick skin he had brought
+with him, and told her to knead it soft. And this she did, though no
+other woman could have done it. Then he took her on his sledge and
+drove off on a wandering through the lands around.
+
+On their way they came to a high and steep rock, rising up from the
+open water. Atungait sprang up on to that rock, and began running up
+it. So strong was he that at every step he bored his feet far down
+into the rock.
+
+When he reached the top, he called to his dogs, and one by one they
+followed by the way of his footsteps, and reached the top, all of
+them save one, and that one died. And after that he hoisted up his
+sledge first, and then his wife after, and so they drove on their way.
+
+After they had driven for some time, they came to a place of
+people. And the strange thing about these people was that they were all
+left-handed. And then they drove on again and came to some man-eaters;
+these ate one another, having no other food. But they did not succeed
+in doing him any harm.
+
+And they drove on again and came to other people; these had all one
+leg shorter than the other, and had been so from birth. They lay on
+the ground all day playing ajangat. [10] And they had a fine ajangat
+made of copper.
+
+Atungait stayed there some time, and when the time came for him to
+set out once more, he stole their plaything and took it away with him,
+having first destroyed all their sledges.
+
+But the lame ones, being unable to pursue, dealt magically with some
+rocky ridges, which then rushed over the ice towards the travellers.
+
+Atungait heard something like the rushing of a river, and turning
+round, perceived those rocks rolling towards him.
+
+"Have you a piece of sole-leather?" he asked his wife. And she had
+such a piece.
+
+She tied it to a string and let it drag behind the sledge. When
+the stones reached it, they stopped suddenly, and sank down through
+the ice. And the two drove on, hearing the cries of the lame ones
+behind them:
+
+"Bring back our plaything, and give us our copper thing again."
+
+But now Atungait began to long for his home, and not knowing in
+what part of the land they were, he told the woman with him to wait,
+while he himself flew off through the air. For he was a great wizard.
+
+He soon found his house, and looked in through the window. And there
+sat his wife, rubbing noses with a strange man.
+
+"Huh! You are not afraid of wearing away your nose, it seems." So
+he cried.
+
+On hearing this, the wife rushed out of the house, and there she met
+her husband.
+
+"You have grown clever at kissing," he said.
+
+"No, I have not kissed any one," she cried.
+
+Then Atungait grasped her roughly and killed her, because she had lied.
+
+The strange man also came out now, and Atungait went towards him
+at once.
+
+"You were kissing inside there, I see," he said.
+
+"Yes," said the stranger. And Atungait let him live, because he spoke
+the truth.
+
+And after that he flew back to the strong woman and made her his wife.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+KUMAGDLAK AND THE LIVING ARROWS
+
+
+Kumagdlak, men say, lived apart from his fellows. He had a wife,
+and she was the only living being in the place beside himself.
+
+One day his wife was out looking for stones to build a fireplace,
+and looking out over the sea, she saw many enemies approaching.
+
+"An umiak and kayaks," she cried to her husband. And he was ill at
+ease on hearing this, for he lay in the house with a bad leg.
+
+"My arrows--bring my arrows!" he cried. And his wife saw that all
+his arrows lay there trembling. And that was because their points
+were made of the shinbones of men. And they trembled because their
+master was ill at ease.
+
+Kumagdlak had made himself arrows, and feathered them with birds'
+feathers. He was a great wizard, and by breathing with his own
+breath upon those arrows he could give them life, and cause them to
+fly towards his enemies and kill them. And when he himself stood
+unprotected before the weapons of his enemies, he would grasp the
+thong of the pouch in which his mother had carried him as a child,
+and strike out with it, and then all arrows aimed at him would fly
+wide of their mark.
+
+Now all the enemies hauled up on shore, and the eldest among them
+cried out:
+
+"Kumagdlak! It is time for you to go out and taste the water in the
+land of the dead under the earth--or perhaps you will go up into
+the sky?"
+
+"That fate is more likely to be yours," answered Kumagdlak.
+
+And standing at the entrance to his tent, he aimed at them with his
+bow. If but the first arrow could be sent whirling over the boats,
+then he knew that none of them would be able to harm him. He shot his
+arrow, and it flew over the boats. Then he aimed at the old man who
+had spoken, and that arrow cut through the string of the old man's
+bow, and pierced the old man himself. Then he began shooting down the
+others, his wife handing him the arrows as he shot. The men from the
+boats shot at him, but all their arrows flew wide. And his enemies
+grew fewer and fewer, and at last they fled.
+
+And now Kumagdlak took all the bodies down by the shore and plundered
+them, taking their knives, and when the boats had got well out to sea,
+he called up a great storm, so that all the others perished.
+
+But the waves washed the bodies this way and that along the coast,
+until the clothes were worn off them.
+
+Here ends this story.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE GIANT DOG
+
+
+There was once a man who had a giant dog. It could swim in the sea, and
+was so big that it could haul whale and narwhal to shore. The narwhal
+it would hook on to its side teeth, and swim with them hanging there.
+
+The man who owned it had cut holes in its jaws, and let in thongs
+through those holes, so that he could make it turn to either side by
+pulling at the thongs.
+
+And when he and his wife desired to go journeying to any place,
+they had only to mount on its back.
+
+The man had long wished to have a son, but as none was born to him,
+he gave his great dog the amulet which his son should have had. This
+amulet was a knot of hard wood, and the dog was thus made hard to
+resist the coming of death.
+
+Once the dog ate a man, and then the owner of the dog was forced to
+leave that place and take land elsewhere. And while he was living
+in this new place, there came one day a kayak rowing in towards the
+land, and the man hastened to take up his dog, lest it should eat the
+stranger. He led it away far up into the hills, and gave it a great
+bone, that it might have something to gnaw at, and thus be kept busy.
+
+But one day the dog smelt out the stranger, and came down from the
+hills, and then the man was forced to hide away the stranger and
+his kayak in a far place, lest the dog should tear them in pieces,
+for it was very fierce.
+
+Now because the dog was so big and fierce, the man had many
+enemies. And once a stranger came driving in a sledge with three dogs
+as big as bears, to kill the giant dog. The man went out to meet that
+sledge, and the dog followed behind him. The dog pretended to be afraid
+at first, but then, when the stranger's dog set upon it in attack, it
+turned against them, and crushed the skulls of all three in its teeth.
+
+After a time, the man noticed that his giant dog would go off,
+now and again, for long journeys in the hills, and would sometimes
+return with the leg of an inland-dweller. And now he understood that
+the dog had made it a custom to attack the inland-dwellers and bring
+back their legs to its master. He could see that the legs were legs
+of inland-dwellers, for they wore hairy boots.
+
+And it is from this giant dog that the inland-dwellers got their
+great fear of all dogs. It would always appear suddenly at the window,
+and drag them out. But it was a good thing that something happened to
+frighten the inland-dwellers, for they had themselves an evil custom
+of carrying off lonely folk, especially women, when they had lost
+their way in the fog.
+
+And that is all I know about the Giant Dog.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE INLAND-DWELLERS OF ETAH
+
+
+There came a sledge driving round to the east of Etah, up into the
+land, near the great lake. Suddenly the dogs scented something, and
+dashed off inland over a great plain. Then they checked, and sniffed
+at the ground. And now it was revealed that they were at the entrance
+to an inland-dweller's house.
+
+The inland-dwellers screamed aloud with fear when they saw the dogs,
+and thrust out an old woman, but hurried in themselves to hide. The
+old woman died of fright when she saw the dogs.
+
+Now the man went in, very ill at ease because he had caused the death
+of the old woman.
+
+"It is a sad thing," he said, "that I should have caused you to lose
+that old one."
+
+"It is nothing," answered the inland-dwellers; "her skin was already
+wrinkled; it does not matter at all."
+
+Then the sledges drove home again, but the inland-dwellers were so
+terrified that they fled far up into the country.
+
+Since then they have never been seen. The remains of their houses
+were all that could be found, and when men dug to see if anything
+else might be there, they found nothing but a single narwhal tusk.
+
+The inland-dwellers are not really dangerous, they are only shy,
+and very greatly afraid of dogs. There was a woman of the coast-folk,
+Suagaq, who took a husband from among the inland folk, and when that
+husband came to visit her brothers, the blood sprang from his eyes
+at sight of their dogs.
+
+And they train themselves to become swift runners, that they may
+catch foxes. When an inland-dweller is to become a swift runner,
+they stuff him into the skin of a ribbon seal, which is filled with
+worms, leaving only his head free. Then the worms suck all his blood,
+and this, they say, makes him very light on his feet.
+
+There are still some inland-dwellers left, but they are now gone very
+far up inland.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE MAN WHO STABBED HIS WIFE IN THE LEG
+
+
+There was once a man whose name was Neruvkaq, and his wife was named
+Navarana, and she was of the tunerssuit, the inland-dwellers. She had
+many brothers, and was herself their only sister. And they lived at
+Natsivilik, the place where there is a great stone on which men lay
+out meat.
+
+But Neruvkaq was cruel to his wife; he would stab her in the leg with
+an awl, and when the point reached her shinbone, she would snivel
+with pain.
+
+"Do not touch me; I have many brothers," she said to her husband.
+
+And as he did not cease from ill-treating her, she ran away to those
+brothers at last. And they were of the tunerssuit, the inland-dwellers.
+
+Now all these many brothers moved down to Natsivilik, and when they
+reached the place, they sprang upon the roof of Neruvkaq's house and
+began to trample on it. One of them thrust his foot through the roof,
+and Neruvkaq's brother cut it off at the joint.
+
+"He has cut off my leg," they heard him say. And then he hopped about
+on one leg until all the blood was gone from him and he died.
+
+But Neruvkaq hastened to put on his tunic, and this was a tunic he
+had worn as a little child, and it had been made larger from time
+to time. Also it was covered with pieces of walrus tusk, sewn all
+about. None could kill him as long as he wore that.
+
+And now he wanted to get out of the house. He put the sealskin coat
+on his dog, and thrust it out. Those outside thought it was Neruvkaq
+himself, and stabbed the dog to death.
+
+Neruvkaq came close on the heels of the dog, and jumped up to the great
+stone that is used to set out meat on. So strongly did he jump that his
+footmarks are seen on the stone to this day. Then he took his arrows
+all barbed with walrus tusk, and began shooting his enemies down.
+
+His mother gave him strength by magic means.
+
+Soon there were but few of his enemies left, and these fled away. They
+fled away to the southward, and fled and fled without stopping until
+they had gone a great way.
+
+But Navarana, who was now afraid of her husband, crept in under the
+bench and hid herself there. And as she would not come out again,
+her husband thrust in a great piece of walrus meat, and she chewed
+and gnawed at it to her heart's content.
+
+"Come out, come out, for I will never hurt you any more," he said. But
+she had grown so afraid of him that she never came out any more,
+and so she died where she was at last--the old sneak!
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE SOUL THAT LIVED IN THE BODIES OF ALL BEASTS
+
+
+There was a man whose name was Avovang. And of him it is said that
+nothing could wound him. And he lived at Kangerdlugssuaq.
+
+At that time of the year when it is good to be out, and the days do not
+close with dark night, and all is nearing the great summer, Avovang's
+brother stood one day on the ice near the breathing hole of a seal.
+
+And as he stood there, a sledge came dashing up, and as it reached him,
+the man who was in it said:
+
+"There will come many sledges to kill your brother."
+
+The brother now ran into the house to tell what he had heard. And
+then he ran up a steep rocky slope and hid away.
+
+The sledges drove up before the house, and Avovang went out to meet
+them, but he took with him the skin of a dog's neck, which had been
+used to wrap him in when he was a child. And when then the men fell
+upon him, he simply placed that piece of skin on the ground and stood
+on it, and all his enemies could not wound him with their weapons,
+though they stabbed again and again.
+
+At last he spoke, and said mockingly:
+
+"All my body is now like a piece of knotty wood, with the scars of
+the wounds you gave me, and yet you could not bring about my death."
+
+And as they could not wound him with their stabbing, they dragged him
+up to the top of a high cliff, thinking to cast him down. But each
+time they caught hold of him to cast him down, he changed himself into
+another man who was not their enemy. And at last they were forced to
+drive away, without having done what they wished.
+
+It is also told of Avovang, that he once desired to travel to the
+south, and to the people who lived in the south, to buy wood. This
+men were wont to do in the old days, but now it is no longer so.
+
+And so they set off, many sledges together, going southward to buy
+wood. And having done what they wished, they set out for home. On the
+way, they had made a halt to look for the breathing holes of seal, and
+while the men had been thus employed, the women had gone on. Avovang
+had taken a wife on that journey, from among the people of the south.
+
+And while the men stood there looking for seal holes, all of them felt
+a great desire to possess Avovang's wife, and therefore they tried to
+kill him. Qautaq stabbed him in the eyes, and the others caught hold
+of him and sent him sliding down through a breathing hole into the sea.
+
+When his wife saw this, she was angry, and taking the wood which they
+had brought from the south, she broke it all into small pieces. So
+angry was she at thus being made a widow.
+
+Then she went home, after having spoiled the men's wood. But the
+sledges drove on.
+
+Suddenly a great seal came up ahead of them, right in their way,
+where the ice was thin and slippery. And the sledges drove straight
+at it, but many fell through and were drowned at that hunting. And
+a little after, they again saw something in their way. It was a fox,
+and they set off in chase, but driving at furious speed up a mountain
+of screw-ice, they were dashed down and killed. Only two men escaped,
+and they made their way onward and told what had come to the rest.
+
+And it was the soul of Avovang, whom nothing could wound, that had
+changed, first into a seal and then into a fox, and thus brought about
+the death of his enemies. And afterwards he made up his mind to let
+himself be born in the shape of every beast on earth, that he might
+one day tell his fellow-men the manner of their life.
+
+At one time he was a dog, and lived on meat which he stole from the
+houses. When he was pressed for food, he would carefully watch the
+men about the houses, and eat anything they threw away.
+
+But Avovang soon tired of being a dog, on account of the many beatings
+which fell to his lot in that life. And so he made up his mind to
+become a reindeer.
+
+At first he found it far from easy, for he could not keep pace with
+the other reindeer when they ran.
+
+"How do you stretch your hind legs at a gallop?" he asked one day.
+
+"Kick out towards the farthest edge of the sky," they answered. And
+he did so, and then he was able to keep pace with them.
+
+But at first he did not know what he should eat, and therefore he
+asked the others.
+
+"Eat moss and lichen," they said.
+
+And he soon grew fat, with thick suet on his back.
+
+But one day the herd was attacked by a wolf, and all the reindeer
+dashed out into the sea, and there they met some kayaks in their
+flight, and one of the men killed Avovang.
+
+He cut him up, and laid the meat in a cairn of stones. And there he
+lay, and when the winter came, he longed for the men to come and bring
+him home. And glad was he one day to hear the stones rattling down,
+and when they commenced to eat him, and cracked the bones with pieces
+of rock to get at the marrow, Avovang escaped and changed himself
+into a wolf.
+
+And now he lived as a wolf, but here as before he found that he could
+not keep up with his comrades at a run. And they ate all the food,
+so that he got none.
+
+"Kick up towards the sky," they told him. And then at once he was
+able to overtake all the reindeer, and thus get food.
+
+And later he became a walrus, but found himself unable to dive down
+to the bottom; all he could do was to swim straight ahead through
+the water.
+
+"Take off as if from the middle of the sky; that is what we do when we
+dive to the bottom," said the others. And so he swung his hindquarters
+up to the sky, and down he went to the bottom. And his comrades taught
+him what to eat; mussels and little white stones.
+
+Once also he was a raven. "The ravens never lack food," he said,
+"but they often feel cold about the feet."
+
+Thus he lived the life of every beast on earth. And at last he became
+a seal again. And there he would lie under the ice, watching the men
+who came to catch him. And being a great wizard, he was able to hide
+himself away under the nail of a man's big toe.
+
+But one day there came a man out hunting who had cut off the nail of
+his big toe. And that man harpooned him. Then they hauled him up on
+the ice and took him home.
+
+Inside the house, they began cutting him up, and when the man cast
+the mittens to his wife, Avovang went with them, and crept into the
+body of the woman. And after a time he was born again, and became
+once more a man.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+PAPIK, WHO KILLED HIS WIFE'S BROTHER
+
+
+There was once a man whose name was Papik, and it was his custom to
+go out hunting with his wife's brother, whose name was Ailaq. But
+whenever those two went out hunting together, it was always Ailaq who
+came home with seal in tow, while Papik returned empty-handed. And
+day by day his envy grew.
+
+Then one day it happened that Ailaq did not return at all. And Papik
+was silent at his home-coming.
+
+At last, late in the evening, that old woman who was Ailaq's mother
+began to speak.
+
+"You have killed Ailaq."
+
+"No, I did not kill him," answered Papik.
+
+Then the old woman rose up and cried:
+
+"You killed him, and said no word. The day shall yet come when I will
+eat you alive, for you killed Ailaq, you and no other."
+
+And now the old woman made ready to die, for it was as a ghost she
+thought to avenge her son. She took her bearskin coverlet over her,
+and went and sat down on the shore, close to the water, and let the
+tide come up and cover her.
+
+For a long time after this, Papik did not go out hunting at all, so
+greatly did he fear the old woman's threat. But at last he ceased to
+think of the matter, and began to go out hunting as before.
+
+One day two men stood out on the ice by the breathing holes. Papik had
+chosen his place a little farther off, and stood there alone. And then
+it came. They heard the snow creaking, with the sound of a cry, and
+the sound moved towards Papik, and a fog came down over the ice. And
+soon they heard shouts as of one in a fury, and the screaming of one
+in fear; the monster had fallen upon Papik, to devour him.
+
+And now they fled in towards land, swerving wide to keep away from
+what was happening there. On their way, they met sledges with hunters
+setting out; they threw down their gear, and urged the others to return
+to their own place at once, lest they also should be slain by fear.
+
+When they reached their village, all gathered together in one
+house. But soon they heard the monster coming nearer over the ice,
+and then all hurried to the entrance, and crowding together, grew yet
+more greatly stricken with fear. And pressing thus against each other,
+they struggled so hard that one fatherless boy was thrust aside and
+fell into a tub full of blood. When he got up, the blood poured from
+his clothes, and wherever they went, the snow was marked with blood.
+
+"Now we are already made food for that monster," they cried, "since
+that wretched boy marks out the way with a trail of blood."
+
+"Let us kill him, then," said one. But the others took pity on him,
+and let him live.
+
+And now the evil spirit came in sight out on the ice; they could see
+the tips of its ears over the hummocks as it crept along. When it came
+up to the houses, not a dog barked, and none dared try to surround it,
+for it was not a real bear. But at last an old woman began crying to
+the dogs:
+
+"See, there is your cousin--bark at him!" And now the dogs were
+loosed from the magic that bound them, and when the men saw this,
+they too dashed forward, and harpooned that thing.
+
+But when they came to cut up the bear, they knew its skin for the
+old woman's coverlet, and its bones were human bones.
+
+And now the sledges drove out to find the gear they had left behind,
+and they saw that everything was torn to pieces. And when they found
+Papik, he was cut about in every part. Eyes, nose and mouth and ears
+were hacked away, and the scalp torn from his head.
+
+Thus that old woman took vengeance for the killing of her son Ailaq.
+
+And so it was our fathers used to tell: when any man killed his fellow
+without good cause, a monster would come and strike him dead with fear,
+and leave no part whole in all his body.
+
+The people of old times thought it an ill thing for men to kill
+each other.
+
+This story I heard from the men who came to us from the far side of
+the great sea.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+PATUSSORSSUAQ, WHO KILLED HIS UNCLE
+
+
+There lived a woman at Kugkat, and she was very beautiful, and Alataq
+was he who had her to wife.  And at the same place lived Patussorssuaq,
+and Alataq was his uncle.  He also had a wife, but was yet fonder of
+his uncle's wife than of his own.
+
+But one day in the spring, Alataq was going out on a long hunting
+journey, and made up his mind to take his wife with him. They were
+standing at the edge of the ice, ready to start, when Patussorssuaq
+came down to them.
+
+"Are you going away?" he asked.
+
+"Yes, both of us," answered Alataq.
+
+But when Patussorssuaq heard thus, he fell upon his uncle and killed
+him at once, for he could not bear to see the woman go away.
+
+When Patussorssuaq's wife saw this, she snatched up her needle and
+sewing ring, and fled away, following the shadow of the tent, over
+the hills to the place where her parents lived. She had not even
+time to put on her skin stockings, and therefore her feet grew sore
+with treading the hills. On her way up inland she saw people running
+about with their hoods loose on their heads, as is the manner of the
+inland folk, but she had no dealings with them, for they fled away.
+
+Then, coming near at last to her own place, she saw an old man,
+and running up, she found it was her father, who was out in search
+of birds. And the two went gladly back to his tent.
+
+Now when Patussorssuaq had killed his uncle, he at once went up to
+his own tent, thinking to kill his own wife, for he was already weary
+of her. But she had fled away.
+
+Inside the tent sat a boy, and Patussorssuaq fell upon him, crying:
+
+"Where is she? Where is she gone?"
+
+"I have seen nothing, for I was asleep," cried the boy, speaking
+falsely because of his great fear. And so Patussorssuaq was forced
+to desist from seeking out his wife.
+
+And now he went down and took Alataq's wife and lived with her. But
+after a little time, she died. And thus he had but little joy of the
+woman he had won by misdeed. And he himself was soon to suffer in
+another way.
+
+At the beginning of the summer, many people were gathered at
+Natsivilik, and among them was Patussorssuaq. One day a strange
+thing happened to him, while he was out hunting: a fox snapped at
+the fringe of his coat, and he, thinking it to be but a common fox,
+struck out at it, but did not hit. And afterwards it was revealed
+that this was the soul of dead Alataq, playing with him a little
+before killing him outright. For Alataq's amulet was a fox.
+
+And a little time after, he was bitten to death by the ghost of Alataq,
+coming upon him in the shape of a bear. His daughter, who was outside
+at that time, heard the cries, and went in to tell of what she had
+heard, but just as she came into the house, behold, she had quite
+forgotten all that she wished to say. And this was because that
+vengeful spirit had by magic means called down forgetfulness upon her.
+
+Afterwards she remembered it, but then it was too late. They found
+Patussorssuaq torn to pieces, torn limb from limb; he had tried to
+defend himself with great pieces of ice, as they could see, but all
+in vain.
+
+Thus punishment falls upon the man who kills.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE MEN WHO CHANGED WIVES
+
+
+There were once two men, Talilarssuaq and Navssarssuaq, and they
+changed wives. Talilarssuaq was a mischievous fellow, who was given
+to frightening people.
+
+One evening, sitting in the house with the other's wife, whom he
+had borrowed, he thrust his knife suddenly through the skins of the
+bench. Then the woman ran away to her husband and said:
+
+"Go in and kill Talilarssuaq; he is playing very dangerous tricks."
+
+Then Navssarssuaq rose up without a word, and put on his best clothes,
+and took his knife, and went out. He went straight up to Talilarssuaq,
+who was now lying on the bench talking to himself, and pulled him
+out on the floor and stabbed him.
+
+"You might at least have waited till I had dressed," said
+Talilarssuaq. But Navssarssuaq hauled him out through the passage way,
+cast him on the rubbish heap and went his way, saying nothing.
+
+On the way he met his wife.
+
+"Are you not going to murder me, too?" she asked.
+
+"No," he answered in a deep voice. "For Pualuna is not yet grown big
+enough to be without you." Pualuna was their youngest son.
+
+But some time after that deed he began to perceive that he was haunted
+by a spirit.
+
+"There is some invisible thing which now and again catches hold
+of me," he said to his comrades. And that was the avenging spirit,
+watching him.
+
+But about this time, many in the place fell sick. And among them was
+Navssarssuaq. The sickness killed him, and thus the avenging spirit
+was not able to tear him in pieces.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ARTUK, WHO DID ALL FORBIDDEN THINGS
+
+
+A man whose name was Artuk had buried his wife, but refused to remain
+aloof from doings which those who have been busied with the dead are
+forbidden to share. He said he did not hold by such old customs.
+
+Some of his fellow-villagers were at work cutting up frozen meat for
+food. After watching them for a while as they worked at the meat with
+their knives, he took a stone axe and hacked at the meat, saying:
+
+"That is the way to cut up meat."
+
+And this he did although it was forbidden.
+
+And on the same day he went out on to the ice and took off his inner
+coat to shake it, and this he did although it was forbidden.
+
+Also he went up on to an iceberg and drank water which the sun had
+melted there, knowing well that this was likewise forbidden.
+
+And all these things he did in scorn of that which his fellows
+believed.  For he said it was all lies.
+
+But one day when he was starting out with his sledge, fear came upon
+him, and he dared not go alone. And as his son would not go with him
+willingly, he took him, and bound him to the uprights of the sledge,
+and carried him so.
+
+He never returned alive.
+
+Late in the evening, his daughter heard in the air the mocking laughter
+of two spirits. And she knew at once that they were laughing so that
+she might know how her father had been punished for his ill-doing.
+
+On the following day, many sledges went out to search for Artuk. And
+they found him, far out on the ice, torn to pieces, as is the way
+with those whom the spirits have punished for refusing to observe
+the customs of their forefathers. And the son, who was bound to the
+sledge, had not been touched, but he had died of fright.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE THUNDER SPIRITS
+
+
+Two sisters, men say, were playing together, and their father could
+not bear to hear the noise they made, for he had but few children,
+and was thus not wont to hear any kind of noise. At last he began to
+scold them, and told them to go farther away with their playing.
+
+When the girls grew up, and began to understand things, they desired
+to run away on account of their father's scolding. And at last they
+set out, taking with them only a little dogskin, and a piece of boot
+skin, and a fire stone. They went up into a high mountain to build
+themselves a house there.
+
+Their father and mother made search for them in vain, for the girls
+kept hiding themselves; they had grown to be true mountain dwellers,
+keeping far from the places of men. Only the reindeer hunters saw them
+now and again, but the girls always refused to go back to their kin.
+
+And when at last the time came when they must die of hunger, they
+turned into evil spirits, and became thunder.
+
+When they shake their dried boot skin, then the gales come up, the
+south-westerly gales. And great fire is seen in the heavens whenever
+they strike their fire stone, and the rain pours down whenever they
+shed tears.
+
+Their father held many spirit callings, hoping to make them return. But
+this he ceased to do when he found that they were dead.
+
+But men say that after those girls had become spirits, they returned
+to the places of men, frightening many to death. They came first
+of all to their father and mother, because of the trouble they had
+made. The only one they did not kill was a woman bearing a child on
+her back. And they let her live, that she might tell how terrible
+they were. And tales are now told of how terrible they were.
+
+When the thunder spirits come, even the earth itself is stricken with
+terror. And stones, even those which lie on level ground, and not on
+any slope at all, roll in fear towards men.
+
+Thus the thunder comes with the south-westerly gales; there is a noise
+and crackling in the air, as of dry skins shaken, and the sky glows
+from time to time with the fire from their firestone. Great rocks,
+and everything which stands up high in the air, begin to glow.
+
+When this happens, men use to take out a red dog, and cut its ear until
+the blood comes, and then lead the beast round about the house, letting
+the blood drip everywhere, for then the house will not take fire.
+
+A red dog was the only thing they feared, those girls who were turned
+to thunder.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+NERRIVIK
+
+
+A bird once wished to marry a woman.  He got himself a fine sealskin
+coat, and having weak eyes, made spectacles out of a walrus tusk,
+for he was greatly set upon looking as nice as possible.  Then he
+set off, in the shape of a man, and coming to a village, took a wife,
+and brought her home.
+
+Now he began to go out catching fish, which he called seal, and
+brought home to his wife.
+
+Once it happened that he lost his spectacles, and his wife, seeing
+his bad eyes, burst out weeping, because he was so ugly.
+
+But her husband only laughed. "Oho, so you saw my eyes? Hahaha!"
+And he put on his spectacles again.
+
+Then her brothers, who longed for their sister, came out one day
+to visit her. And her husband being out hunting, they took her away
+with them. The husband was greatly distressed when he came home and
+found her gone, and thinking someone must have carried her off, he
+set out in pursuit. He swung his wings with mighty force, and raised
+a violent storm, for he was a great wizard.
+
+When the storm came up, the boat began to take in water, and the wind
+grew fiercer, as he doubled the beating of his wings. The waves rose
+white with foam, and the boat was near turning over. And when those in
+the boat began to suspect that the woman was the cause of the storm,
+they took her up and cast her into the sea. She tried to grasp the side
+of the boat, but then her grandfather sprang up and cut off her hand.
+
+And so she was drowned. But at the bottom of the sea, she became
+Nerrivik, the ruler over all the creatures in the sea. And when men
+catch no seal, then the wizards go down to Nerrivik.  Having but one
+hand, she cannot comb her hair, and this they do for her, and she,
+by way of thanks, sends seal and other creatures forth to men.
+
+That is the story of the ruler of the sea.  And men call her Nerrivik
+[11] because she gives them food.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE WIFE WHO LIED
+
+
+Navaranapaluk, men say, came of a tribe of man-eaters, but when she
+grew up, she was taken to wife by one of a tribe that did not eat men.
+
+Once when she was going off on a visit to her own people, she put
+mittens on her feet instead of boots. And this she did in order to
+make it appear that her husband's people had dealt ill by her.
+
+It was midwinter, and her kinsfolk pitied her greatly when they saw
+her come to them thus. And they agreed to make war against the tribe
+to which her husband belonged.
+
+So they set out, and came to that village at a time when all the
+men were away, and only the women at home; these they took and slew,
+and only three escaped. One of them had covered herself with the skin
+which she was dressing when they came, the second had hidden herself in
+a box used for dog's meat, and the third had crept into a store shed.
+
+When the men came home, they found all their womenfolk killed, and
+at once they thought of Navaranapaluk, who had fled away. And they
+were the more angered, that the slayers had hoisted the bodies of
+the women on long poles, with the points stuck through them.
+
+They fell to at once making ready for war against those enemies, and
+prepared arrows in great numbers. The three women who were left alive
+plaited sinew thread to fix the points of the arrows; and so eagerly
+did they work that at last no more flesh was left on their fingers,
+and the naked bone showed through.
+
+When all things were ready, they set out, and coming up behind the
+houses of their enemies, they hid themselves among great rocks.
+
+The slayers had kept watch since their return, believing that the
+avengers would not fail to come, and the women took turns at the
+watching.
+
+And now it is said that one old woman among them had a strange
+dream. She dreamed that two creatures were fighting above her head. And
+when she told the others of this, they all agreed that the avengers
+must be near. They gathered together in one house to ask counsel of
+the spirits, and when the spirit calling had commenced, then suddenly
+a dog upon the roof of the house began to bark.
+
+The men dashed out, but their enemies had already surrounded the
+house, and now set about to take their full revenge, shooting down
+every man with arrows. At last, when there were no more left, they
+chose themselves wives from among the widows, and bore them off to
+their own place.
+
+But two of them took Navaranapaluk and hurried off with her.
+
+And she, thinking that both wished to have her to wife, cried out:
+
+"Which is it to be? Which is it to be?"
+
+The men laughed, and made no answer, but ran on with her.
+
+Then suddenly they cut through both her arms with their knives. And
+soon she fell, and the blood went from her, and she died.
+
+This fate they meted out to her because she lied.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+KAGSSAGSSUK, THE HOMELESS BOY WHO BECAME A STRONG MAN
+
+
+One day, it is said, when the men and women in the place had gone to
+a spirit calling, the children were left behind, all in one big house,
+where they played, making a great noise.
+
+A homeless boy named Kagssagssuk was walking about alone outside,
+and it is said that he called to those who were playing inside the
+house, and said:
+
+"You must not make so much noise, or the Great Fire will come."
+
+The children, who would not believe him, went on with their noisy
+play, and at last the Great Fire appeared. Little Kagssagssuk fled
+into the house, and cried:
+
+"Lift me up. I must have my gloves, and they are up there!"
+
+So they lifted him up to the drying frame under the roof.
+
+And then they heard the Great Fire come hurrying into the house from
+without. He had a great live ribbon seal for a whip, and that whip
+had long claws. And then he began dragging the children out through
+the passage with his great whip, and each time he drew one out, that
+one was frizzled up. And at last there were no more. But before going
+away, the Great Fire reached up and touched with his finger a skin
+which was hanging on the drying frame.
+
+As soon as the Great Fire had gone away, little Kagssagssuk crawled
+down from the drying frame and went over to the people who were
+gathered in the wizard's house, and told them what had happened. But
+none believed what he said.
+
+"You have killed them yourself," they declared.
+
+"Very well, then," he said, "if you think so, try to make a noise
+yourselves, like the children did."
+
+And now they began cooking blubber above the entrance to the house, and
+when the oil was boiling and bubbling as hard as it could, they began
+making a mighty noise. And true enough, up came the Great Fire outside.
+
+But little Kagssagssuk was not allowed to come into the house,
+and therefore he hid himself in the store shed. The Great Fire
+came into the house, and brought with it the live ribbon seal for
+a whip. They heard it coming in through the passage, and then they
+poured boiling oil over it, and his whip being thus destroyed, the
+Great Fire went away.
+
+But from that time onward, all the people of the village were unkind
+to little Kagssagssuk, and that although he had told the truth. Up to
+that time he had lived in the house of Umerdlugtoq, who was a great
+man, but now he was forced to stay outside always, and they would
+not let him come in. If he ventured to step in, though it were for no
+more than to dry his boots, Umerdlugtoq, that great man, would lift
+him up by the nostrils, and cast him over the high threshold again.
+
+And little Kagssagssuk had two grandmothers; the one of these beat him
+as often as she could, even if he only lay out in the passage. But
+his other grandmother took pity on him, because he was the son of
+her daughter, who had been a woman like herself, and therefore she
+dried his clothes for him.
+
+When, once in a while, that unfortunate boy did come in, Umerdlugtoq's
+folk would give him some tough walrus hide to eat, wishing only
+to give him something which they knew was too tough for him. And
+when they did so, he would take a little piece of stone and put it
+between his teeth, to help him, and when he had finished, put it
+back in his breeches, where he always kept it. When he was hungry,
+he would sometimes eat of the dogs' leavings on the ground outside,
+finding there walrus hide which even the dogs refused to eat.
+
+He slept among the dogs, and warmed himself up on the roof, in the
+warm air from the smoke hole. But whenever Umerdlugtoq saw him warming
+himself there, he would haul him down by the nostrils.
+
+Thus a long time passed, and it had been dark in the winter, and was
+beginning to grow light near the coming of spring. And now little
+Kagssagssuk began to go wandering about the country. Once when he
+was out, he met a big man, a giant, who was cutting up his catch,
+and on seeing him, Kagssagssuk cried out in a loud voice:
+
+"Ho, you man there, give me a piece of that meat!"
+
+But although he shouted as loudly as he could, that giant could not
+hear him. At last a little sound reached the big man's ears, and then
+he said:
+
+"Bring me luck, bring me luck!"
+
+And he threw down a little piece of meat on the ground, believing it
+was one of the dead who thus asked.
+
+But little Kagssagssuk, who, young as he was, had already some helping
+spirits, made that little piece of meat to be a big piece, just as
+the dead can do, and ate as much as he could, and when he could eat
+no more, there was still so much left that he could hardly drag it
+away to hide it.
+
+Some time after this, little Kagssagssuk said to his mother's mother:
+
+"I have by chance become possessed of much meat, and my thoughts will
+not leave it. I will therefore go out and look to it."
+
+So he went off to the place where he had hidden it, and lo! it was
+not there. And he fell to weeping, and while he stood there weeping,
+the giant came up.
+
+"What are you weeping for?"
+
+"I cannot find the meat which I had hidden in a store-place here."
+
+"Ho," said the giant, "I took that meat. I thought it had belonged
+to another one."
+
+And then he said again: "Now let us play together." For he felt kindly
+towards that boy, and had pity on him.
+
+And they two went off together. When they came to a big stone, the
+giant said: "Now let us push this stone." And they began pushing
+at the big stone until they twirled it round. At first, when little
+Kagssagssuk tried, he simply fell backwards.
+
+"Now once more. Make haste, make haste, once more. And there again,
+there is a bigger one."
+
+And at last little Kagssagssuk ceased to fall over backwards, and was
+able instead to move the stones and twirl them round. And each time
+he tried with a larger stone than before, and when he had succeeded
+with that, a larger one still. And so he kept on. And at last he could
+make even the biggest stones twirl round in the air, and the stone said
+"leu-leu-leu-leu" in the air.
+
+Then said the giant at last, seeing that they were equal in strength:
+
+"Now you have become a strong man. But since it was by my fault that
+you lost that piece of meat, I will by magic means cause bears to
+come down to your village. Three bears there will be, and they will
+come right down to the village."
+
+Then little Kagssagssuk went home, and having returned home, went up to
+warm himself as usual at the smoke hole. Then came the master of that
+house, as usual, and hauled him down by the nostrils. And afterwards,
+when he went to lie down among the dogs, his wicked grandmother beat
+him and them together, as was her custom. Altogether as if there were
+no strong man in the village at all.
+
+But in the night, when all were asleep, he went down to one of the
+umiaks, which was frozen fast, and hauled it free.
+
+Next morning when the men awoke, there was a great to-do.
+
+"Hau! That umiak has been hauled out of the ice!"
+
+"Hau! There must be a strong man among us!"
+
+"Who can it be that is so strong?"
+
+"Here is the mighty one, without a doubt," said Umerdlugtoq, pointing
+to little Kagssagssuk. But this he said only in mockery.
+
+And a little time after this, the people about the village began to
+call out that three bears were in sight--exactly as the giant had
+said. Kagssagssuk was inside, drying his boots. And while all the
+others were shouting eagerly about the place, he said humbly:
+
+"If only I could borrow a pair of indoor boots from some one."
+
+And at last, as he could get no others, he was obliged to take his
+grandmother's boots and put them on.
+
+Then he went out, and ran off over the hard-trodden snow outside the
+houses, treading with such force that it seemed as if the footmarks
+were made in soft snow. And thus he went off to meet the bears.
+
+"Hau! Look at Kagssagssuk.  Did you ever see...."
+
+"What is come to Kagssagssuk; what can it be?"
+
+Umerdlugtoq was greatly excited, and so astonished that his eyes would
+not leave the boy. But little Kagssagssuk grasped the biggest of the
+bears--a mother with two half-grown cubs--grasped that bear with his
+naked fists, and wrung its neck, so that it fell down dead. Then he
+took those cubs by the back of the neck and hammered their skulls
+together until they too were dead.
+
+Then little Kagssagssuk went back homeward with the biggest bear over
+his shoulders, and one cub under each arm, as if they had been no
+more than hares. Thus he brought them up to the house, and skinned
+them; then he set about building a fireplace large enough to put a
+man in. For he was now going to cook bears' meat for his grandmother,
+on a big flat stone.
+
+Umerdlugtoq, that great man, now made haste to get away, taking his
+wives with him.
+
+And Kagssagssuk took that old grandmother who was wont to beat him,
+and cast her on the fire, and she burned all up till only her stomach
+was left. His other grandmother was about to run away, but he held
+her back, and said:
+
+"I shall now be kind to you, for you always used to dry my boots."
+
+Now when Kagssagssuk had made a meal of the bears' meat, he set off
+in chase of those who had fled away. Umerdlugtoq had halted upon the
+top of a high hill, just on the edge of a precipice, and had pitched
+their tent close to the edge.
+
+Up came Kagssagssuk behind him, caught him by the nostrils and held
+him out over the edge, and shook him so violently that his nostrils
+burst. And there stood Umerdlugtoq holding his nose. But Kagssagssuk
+said to him:
+
+"Do not fear; I am not going to kill you. For you never used to
+kill me."
+
+And then little Kagssagssuk went into the tent, and called out to him:
+
+"Hi, come and look! I am in here with your wives!"
+
+For in the old days, Umerdlugtoq had dared him even to look at them.
+
+And having thus taken due vengeance, Kagssagssuk went back to
+his village, and took vengeance there on all those who had ever
+ill-treated him. And some time after, he went away to the southward,
+and lived with the people there.
+
+It is also told that he got himself a kayak there, and went out hunting
+with the other men. But being so strong, he soon became filled with
+the desire to be feared, and began catching hold of children and
+crushing them. And therefore his fellow-villagers harpooned him one
+day when he was out in his kayak.
+
+All this we have heard tell of Kagssagssuk.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+QASIAGSSAQ, THE GREAT LIAR
+
+
+Qasiagssaq, men say, was a great liar. His wife was called
+Qigdlugsuk. He could never sleep well at night, and being sleepless,
+he always woke his fellow-villagers when they were to go out hunting
+in the morning. But he never brought home anything himself.
+
+One day when he had been out as usual in his kayak, without even
+sight of a seal, he said:
+
+"It is no use my trying to be a hunter, for I never catch anything. I
+may as well make up some lie or other."
+
+And at the same moment he noticed that one of his fellow-villagers
+was towing a big black seal over to an island, to land it there before
+going out for more. When that seal had been brought to land, Qasiagssaq
+rowed round behind the man, and stole it, and towed it back home.
+
+His wife was looking out for him, going outside every now and then to
+look if he were in sight. And thus it was that coming out, she caught
+sight of a kayak coming in with something in tow. She shaded her eyes
+with both hands, one above the other, and looked through between them,
+gazing eagerly to try if she could make out who it was. The kayak
+with its seal in tow came rowing in, and she kept going out to look,
+and at last, when she came out as usual, she could see that it was
+really and truly Qasiagssaq, coming home with his catch in tow.
+
+"Here is Qasiagssaq has made a catch," cried his fellow-villagers. And
+when he came in, they saw that he had a great black seal in tow,
+with deep black markings all over the body. And the tow-line was
+thick with trappings of the finest narwhal tusk.
+
+"Where did you get that tow-line?" they asked.
+
+"I have had it a long time," he answered, "but have never used it
+before to-day."
+
+After they had hauled the seal to land, his wife cut out the belly
+part, and when that was done, she shared out so much blubber and meat
+to the others that there was hardly anything left for themselves. And
+then she set about cooking a meal, with a shoulder-blade for a lamp,
+and another for a pot. And every time a kayak came in, they told the
+newcomer that Qasiagssaq had got a big black seal.
+
+At last there was but one kayak still out, and when that one came in,
+they told him the same thing: "Qasiagssaq has actually got a big seal."
+
+But this last man said when they told him:
+
+"I got a big black seal to-day, and hauled it up on an island. But
+when I went back to fetch it, it was gone."
+
+The others said again:
+
+"The tow-line which Qasiagssaq was using to-day was furnished with
+toggles of pure narwhal tusk."
+
+Later in the evening, Qasiagssaq heard a voice calling in at the
+window:
+
+"You, Qasiagssaq, I have come to ask if you will give back that
+tow-line."
+
+Qasiagssaq sprang up and said:
+
+"Here it is; you may take it back now."
+
+But his wife, who was beside him, said:
+
+"When Qasiagssaq does such things, one cannot but feel shame for him."
+
+"Hrrrr!" said Qasiagssaq to his wife, as if to frighten her. And
+after that he went about as if nothing had happened.
+
+One day when he was out in his kayak as usual, he said:
+
+"What is the use of my being out here, I who never catch anything?"
+
+And he rowed in towards land. When he reached the shore, he took off
+his breeches, and sat down on the ground, laying one knee across a
+stone. Then he took another stone to serve as a hammer, and with that
+he hammered both his knee-caps until they were altogether smashed.
+
+And there he lay. He lay there for a long time, but at last he got up
+and went down to his kayak, and now he could only walk with little
+and painful steps. And when he came down to his kayak, he hammered
+and battered at that, until all the woodwork was broken to pieces.
+And then, getting into it, he piled up a lot of fragments of iceberg
+upon it, and even placed some inside his clothes, which were of ravens'
+skin. And so he rowed home.
+
+But all this while two women had been standing watching him.
+
+His wife was looking out for him as usual, shading her eyes with her
+hands, and when at last she caught sight of his kayak, and it came
+nearer, she could see that it was Qasiagssaq, rowing very slowly.
+And when then he reached the land, she said:
+
+"What has happened to you now?"
+
+"An iceberg calved."
+
+And seeing her husband come home in such a case, his wife said to
+the others:
+
+"An iceberg has calved right on top of Qasiagssaq, so that he barely
+escaped alive."
+
+But when the women who had watched him came home, they said:
+
+"We saw him to-day; he rowed in to land, and took off his breeches
+and hammered at his knee-caps with a stone; then he went down to his
+kayak and battered it to bits, and when that was done, he filled his
+kayak with ice, and even put ice inside his clothing."
+
+But when his wife heard this, she said to him:
+
+"When Qasiagssaq does such things, one cannot but feel shame for him."
+
+"Hrrrr!" said Qasiagssaq, as if to frighten her.
+
+After that he lay still for a long while, waiting for his knees to
+heal, and when at last his knees were well again, he began once more
+to go out in his kayak, always without catching anything, as usual. And
+when he had thus been out one day as usual, without catching anything,
+he said to himself again:
+
+"What is the use of my staying out here?"
+
+And he rowed in to land. There he found a long stone, laid it on his
+kayak, and rowed out again. And when he came in sight of other kayaks
+that lay waiting for seal, he stopped still, took out his two small
+bladder floats made from the belly of a seal, tied the harpoon line
+to the stone in his kayak, and when that was done, he rowed away as
+fast as he could, while the kayaks that were waiting looked on. Then
+he disappeared from sight behind an iceberg, and when he came round
+on the other side, his bladder float was gone, and he himself was
+rowing as fast as he could towards land. His wife, who was looking
+out for him as usual, shading her eyes with her hands, said then:
+
+"But what has happened to Qasiagssaq?"
+
+As soon as a voice could reach the land, Qasiagssaq cried:
+
+"Now you need not be afraid of breaking the handles of your knives;
+I have struck a great walrus, and it has gone down under water with
+my two small bladder floats. One or another of those who are out
+after seal will be sure to find it."
+
+He himself remained altogether idle, and having come into his house,
+did not go out again. And as the kayaks began to come in, others went
+down to the shore and told them the news:
+
+"Qasiagssaq has struck a walrus."
+
+And this they said to all the kayaks as they came home, but as usual,
+there was one of them that remained out a long time, and when at
+last he came back, late in the evening, they told him the same thing:
+"Qasiagssaq, it is said, has struck a walrus."
+
+"That I do not believe, for here are his bladder floats; they had
+been tied to a stone, and the knot had worked loose."
+
+Then they brought those bladder floats to Qasiagssaq and said:
+
+"Here are your bladder floats; they were fastened to a stone, but
+the knot worked loose."
+
+"When Qasiagssaq does such things, one cannot but feel shame for him,"
+said his wife as usual.
+
+"Hrrrr!" said Qasiagssaq, to frighten her.
+
+And after that Qasiagssaq went about as if nothing had happened.
+
+One day he was out in his kayak as usual at a place where there was
+much ice; here he caught sight of a speckled seal, which had crawled
+up on to a piece of the ice. He rowed up to it, taking it unawares,
+and lifted his harpoon ready to throw, but just as he was about to
+throw, he looked at the point, and then he laid the harpoon down again,
+saying to himself: "Would it not be a pity, now, for that skin, which
+is to be used to make breeches for my wife, to be pierced with holes
+by the point of a harpoon?"
+
+So he lay alongside the piece of ice, and began whistling to that
+seal. [12] And he was just about to grasp hold of it when the seal
+went down. But he watched it carefully, and when it came up again,
+he rowed over to it once more. Now he lifted his harpoon and was
+just about to throw, when again he caught sight of the point, and
+said to himself: "Would it not be a pity if that skin, which is to
+make breeches for my wife, should be pierced with holes by the point
+of a harpoon?" And again he cried out to try and frighten the seal,
+and down it went again, and did not come up any more.
+
+Once he heard that there lived an old couple in another village,
+who had lost their child. So Qasiagssaq went off there on a visit. He
+came to their place, and went into the house, and there sat the old
+couple mourning. Then he asked the others of the house in a low voice:
+
+"What is the trouble here?"
+
+"They are mourning," he was told.
+
+"What for?" he asked.
+
+"They have lost a child; their little daughter died the other day."
+
+"What was her name?"
+
+"Nipisartangivaq," they said.
+
+Then Qasiagssaq cleared his throat and said in a loud voice:
+
+"To-day my little daughter Nipisartangivaq is doubtless crying at
+her mother's side as usual."
+
+Hardly had he said this when the mourners looked up eagerly, and cried:
+
+"Ah, how grateful we are to you! [13] Now your little daughter can
+have all her things."
+
+And they gave him beads, and the little girl's mother said:
+
+"I have nothing to give you by way of thanks, but you shall have my
+cooking pot."
+
+And when he was setting out again for home, they gave him great
+quantities of food to take home to his little girl. But when he came
+back to his own place, his fellow-villagers asked:
+
+"Wherever did you get all this?"
+
+"An umiak started out on a journey, and the people in it were hurried
+and forgetful. Here are some things which they left behind them."
+
+Towards evening a number of kayaks came in sight; it was people coming
+on a visit, and they had all brought meat with them. When they came
+in, they said:
+
+"Tell Qasiagssaq and his wife to come down and fetch up this meat
+for their little girl."
+
+"Qasiagssaq and his wife have no children; we know Qasiagssaq well,
+and his wife is childless."
+
+When the strangers heard this, they would not even land at the place,
+but simply said:
+
+"Then tell them to give us back the beads and the cooking pot."
+
+And those things were brought, and given back to them.
+
+Then Qasiagssaq's wife said as usual:
+
+"Now you have lied again. When you do such things, one cannot but
+feel shame for you."
+
+"Hrrrr!" said Qasiagssaq, to frighten her, and went on as if nothing
+had happened.
+
+Now it is said that Qasiagssaq's wife Qigdlugsuk had a mother who
+lived in another village, and had a son whose name was Ernilik. One
+day Qasiagssaq set out to visit them. He came to their place, and
+when he entered into the house, it was quite dark, because they had
+no blubber for their lamp, and the little child was crying, because
+it had nothing to eat. Qasiagssaq cleared his throat loudly and said:
+
+"What is the matter with him?"
+
+"He is hungry, as usual," said the mother.
+
+Then said Qasiagssaq:
+
+"How foolish I was not to take so much as a little blubber with
+me. Over in our village, seals are daily thrown away. You must come
+back with me to our place."
+
+Next morning they set off together. When they reached the place,
+Qasiagssaq hurried up with the harpoon line in his hand, before his
+wife's mother had landed. And all she saw was that there was much
+carrion of ravens on Qasiagssaq's rubbish heap. Suddenly Qasiagssaq
+cried out:
+
+"Ah! One of them has got away again!"
+
+He had caught a raven in his snare. His wife cooked it, and their lamp
+was a shoulder-blade, and another shoulder-blade was their cooking pot,
+and when that meat was cooked, Qigdlugsuk's mother was given raven's
+meat to eat. Afterwards she was well fed by the other villagers there,
+and next morning when she was setting out to go home, they all gave
+her meat to take with her; all save Qasiagssaq, who gave her nothing.
+
+And time went on, and once he was out as usual in his kayak, and when
+he came home in the evening, he said:
+
+"I have found a dead whale; to-morrow we must all go out in the umiak
+and cut it up."
+
+Next day many umiaks and kayaks set out to the eastward, and when
+they had rowed a long way in, they asked:
+
+"Where is it?"
+
+"Over there, beyond that little ness," he said.
+
+And they rowed over there, and when they reached the place, there
+was nothing to be seen. So they asked again:
+
+"Where is it?"
+
+"Over there, beyond that little ness."
+
+And they rowed over there, but when they reached the place, there
+was nothing to be seen. And again they asked:
+
+"Where is it? Where is it?"
+
+"Up there, beyond the little ness."
+
+And again they reached the place and rowed round it, and there was
+nothing to be seen.
+
+Then the others said:
+
+"Qasiagssaq is lying as usual. Let us kill him."
+
+But he answered:
+
+"Wait a little; let us first make sure that it is a lie, and if you
+do not see it, you may kill me."
+
+And again they asked:
+
+"Where is it?"
+
+"Yes ... where was it now ... over there beyond that little ness."
+
+And now they had almost reached the base of that great fjord, and
+again they rounded a little ness farther in, and there was nothing
+to be seen. Therefore they said:
+
+"He is only a trouble to us all: let us kill him."
+
+And at last they did as they had said, and killed him.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE EAGLE AND THE WHALE
+
+
+In a certain village there lived many brothers. And they had two
+sisters, both of an age to marry, and often urged them to take
+husbands, but they would not.  At last one of the men said:
+
+"What sort of a husband do you want, then? An eagle, perhaps? Very
+well, an eagle you shall have."
+
+This he said to the one. And to the other he said:
+
+"And you perhaps would like a whale? Well, a whale you shall have."
+
+And then suddenly a great eagle came in sight, and it swooped down on
+the young girl and flew off with her to a high ledge of rock. And a
+whale also came in sight, and carried off the other sister, carrying
+her likewise to a ledge of rock.
+
+After that the eagle and the girl lived together on a ledge of rock
+far up a high steep cliff. The eagle flew out over the sea to hunt,
+and while he was away, his wife would busy herself plaiting sinews
+for a line wherewith to lower herself down the rock. And while she
+was busied with that work, the eagle would sometimes appear, with a
+walrus in one claw and a narwhal in the other.
+
+One day she tried the line, with which she was to lower herself down;
+it was too short. And so she plaited more.
+
+But as time went on, the brothers began to long for their sister. And
+they all set to work making crossbows.
+
+And there was in that village a little homeless boy, who was so small
+that he had not strength to draw a bow, but must get one of the others
+to draw it for him every time he wanted to shoot. When they had made
+all things ready, they went out to the place where their sister was,
+and called to her from the foot of the cliff, telling her to lower
+herself down. And this she did. As soon as her husband had gone out
+hunting, she lowered herself down and reached her brothers.
+
+Towards evening, the eagle appeared out at sea, with a walrus in each
+claw, and as he passed the house of his wife's brothers, he dropped
+one down to them. But when he came home, his wife was gone. Then he
+simply threw his catch away, and flew, gliding on widespread wings,
+down to where those brothers were. But whenever the eagle tried to
+fly down to the house, they shot at it with their bows. And as none
+of them could hit, the little homeless boy cried:
+
+"Let me try too!"
+
+And then one of the others had to bend his bow for him. But when he
+shot off his arrow, it struck. And when then the eagle came fluttering
+down to earth, the others shot so many arrows at it that it could
+not quite touch the ground.
+
+Thus they killed their sister's husband, who was a mighty hunter.
+
+But the other sister and the whale lived together likewise. And the
+whale was very fond of her, and would hardly let her out of his sight
+for a moment.
+
+But the girl here likewise began to feel homesick, and she also began
+plaiting a line of sinew threads, and her brothers, who were likewise
+beginning to long for their sister, set about making a swift-sailing
+umiak. And when they had finished it, and got it into the water,
+they said:
+
+"Now let us see how fast it can go."
+
+And then they got a guillemot which had its nest close by to fly
+beside them, while they tried to outdistance it by rowing. But when
+it flew past them, they cried:
+
+"This will not do; the whale would overtake us at once. We must take
+this boat to pieces and build a new one." And so they took that boat
+to pieces and built a new one.
+
+Then they put it in the water again and once more let the bird fly
+a race with them. And now the two kept side by side all the way,
+but when they neared the land, the bird was left behind.
+
+One day the girl said as usual to the whale: "I must go outside
+a little."
+
+"Stay here," said her husband, that great one.
+
+"But I must go outside," said the girl.
+
+Now he had a string tied to her, and this he would pull when he wanted
+her to come in again. And hardly had she got outside when he began
+pulling at the string.
+
+"I am only just outside the passage," she cried. And then she tied the
+string by which she was held, to a stone, and ran away as fast as she
+could down hill, and the whale hauled at the stone, thinking it was
+his wife, and pulled it in. The brothers' house was just below the
+hillside where she was, and as soon as she came home, they fled away
+with her. But at the same moment, the whale came out from the passage
+way of its house, and rolled down into the sea. The umiak dashed off,
+but it seemed as if it were standing still, so swiftly did the whale
+overhaul it. And when the whale had nearly reached them, the brothers
+said to their sister:
+
+"Throw out your hairband."
+
+And hardly had she thrown it out when the sea foamed up, and the whale
+stopped. Then it went on after them again, and when it came up just
+behind the boat, the brothers said: "Throw out one of your mittens."
+
+And she threw it out, and the sea foamed up, and the whale pounced
+down on it. And then she threw out the inner lining of one of her
+mittens, and then her outer frock and then her inner coat, and now
+they were close to land, but the whale was almost upon them. Then
+the brothers cried:
+
+"Throw out your breeches!"
+
+And at the same moment the sea was lashed into foam, but the umiak
+had reached the land. And the whale tried to follow, but was cast up
+on the shore as a white and sun-bleached bone of a whale.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE TWO LITTLE OUTCASTS
+
+
+There were two little boys and they had no father and no mother,
+and they went out every day hunting ptarmigan, and they had never
+any weapons save a bow. And when they had been out hunting ptarmigan,
+the men of that place were always very eager to take their catch.
+
+One day they went out hunting ptarmigan as usual, but there were
+none. On their way, they came to some wild and difficult cliffs. And
+they looked down from that place into a ravine, and saw at the bottom
+a thing that looked like a stone. They went down towards it, and
+when they came nearer, it was a little house. And they went nearer
+still and came right to it. They climbed up on to the roof, and when
+they looked down through the air hole in the roof, they saw a little
+boy on the floor with a cutting-board for a kayak and a stick for a
+paddle. They called down to him, and he looked up, but then they hid
+themselves. When they looked down again, he was there as before,
+playing at being a man in a kayak. A second time they called to
+him, and then he ran to hide. And they went in then, and found him,
+sobbing a little, and pressing himself close in against the wall.
+
+And they asked him:
+
+"Do you live here all alone?"
+
+And he answered: "No, my mother went out early this morning, and she
+is out now, as usual."
+
+They said:
+
+"We have come to be here with you because you are all alone."
+
+And when they said this, he ventured to come out a little from
+the wall.
+
+In the afternoon, the boy went out again and again and when he did
+so, they looked round the inside of the house, which was covered with
+fox skins, blue and white.
+
+At last the boy came in, and said:
+
+"Now I can see her, away to the south."
+
+They looked out and saw her, and she seemed mightily big, having
+something on her back. And she came quickly nearer.
+
+Then they heard a great noise, and that was the woman throwing down
+her burden. She came in hot and tired, and sat down, and said:
+
+"Thanks, kind little boys. I had to leave him alone in the house,
+as usual, and now you have stayed with him while I was fearing for
+him on my way."
+
+Then she turned to her son, and said:
+
+"Have they not eaten yet?"
+
+"No," said the boy. And when he had said that, she went out, and came
+in with dried flesh of fox and reindeer, and a big piece of suet. And
+very glad they were to eat that food. At first they did not eat any
+of the dried fox meat, but when they tasted it, they found it was
+wonderfully good to eat.
+
+Now when they had eaten their fill, they sat there feeling glad. And
+then the little boy whispered something in his mother's ear.
+
+"He has a great desire for one of your sets of arrows, if you would
+not refuse to give it." And they gave him that.
+
+In the evening, when they thought it was time to rest, a bed was made
+for them under the window, and when this was done the woman said:
+
+"Now sleep, and do not fear any evil thing."
+
+They slept and slept, and when they awoke, the woman had been awake
+a long time already.
+
+And when they were setting off to go home again, she paid them for
+their arrows with as much meat as they could carry; and when they
+went off, she said:
+
+"Be sure you do not let any others come selling arrows."
+
+But in the meantime, the people of the village had begun to fear for
+those two boys, because they did not come home. When at last they
+appeared in the evening, many went out to meet them. And it was a
+great load they had to carry.
+
+"Where have you been?" they asked.
+
+"We have been in a house with one who was not a real man."
+
+They tasted the food they had brought. And it was wonderfully good
+to eat.
+
+"That we were given in payment for one set of arrows," they said.
+
+"We must certainly go out and sell arrows, too," said the others.
+
+But the two told them: "No, you must not do that. For when we went
+away, she said: 'Do not let any others come selling arrows.'"
+
+But although this had been said to them, all fell to at once making
+arrows. And the next day they set out with the arrows on their
+backs. The two little boys did not desire to go, but went in despite
+of that, because the others ordered them.
+
+Now when they came to the ravine, it looked as if that house were
+no longer there. And when they came down, not a stone of it was to
+be seen. They could not see so much as the two sheds or anything of
+them. And no one could now tell where that woman had gone.
+
+And that was the last time they went out hunting ptarmigan.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ATDLARNEQ, THE GREAT GLUTTON
+
+
+This is told of Atdlarneq: that he was a strong man, and if he rowed
+but a little way out in his kayak, he caught a seal. On no day did
+he fail to make a catch, and he was never content with only one.
+
+But one day when he should have been out hunting seal, he only paddled
+along close to the shore, making towards the south. On the way he
+sighted a cape, and made towards it; and when he could see the sunny
+side, he spied a little house, quite near.
+
+He thought:
+
+"I must wait until some one comes out."
+
+And while he lay there, with his paddle touching the shore, a woman
+came out; she had a yellow band round her hair, and yellow seams to
+all her clothes.
+
+Now he would have gone on shore, but he thought:
+
+"I had better wait until another one comes out." And as he thought
+this, there came another woman out of the house. And like the first,
+she also had a yellow hair band, and yellow seams to all her clothes.
+
+And he did not go on shore, but thought again:
+
+"I can wait for just one more."
+
+And truly enough, there came yet another one, quite like the
+others. And like them also, she bore a dish in her hand. And now at
+last he went on shore and hauled up his kayak.
+
+He went into the house, and they all received him very kindly. And
+they brought great quantities of food and set before him.
+
+At last the evening came.
+
+And now those three women began to go outside again and again. And
+at last Atdlarneq asked:
+
+"Why do you keep going out like that?"
+
+When he asked them this, all answered at once:
+
+"It is because we now expect our dear master home."
+
+When he heard this, he was afraid, and hid himself behind the skin
+hangings. And he had hardly crawled in there when that master came
+home; Atdlarneq looked through a little hole, and saw him.
+
+And his cheeks were made of copper. [14]
+
+He had but just sat down, when he began to sniff, and said:
+
+"Hum! There is a smell of people here."
+
+And now Atdlarneq crawled out, seeing that the other had already smelt
+him. He had hardly shown himself, when the other asked very eagerly:
+
+"Has he had nothing to eat yet?"
+
+"No, he has not yet eaten."
+
+"Then bring food at once."
+
+And then they brought in a sack full of fish, and a big piece of
+blubber from the half of a black seal. And then the man said violently:
+
+"You are to eat this all up, and if you do not eat it all up, I will
+thrash you with my copper cheeks!"
+
+And now Atdlarneq began eagerly chewing blubber with his fish; he
+chewed and chewed, and at last he had eaten it all up. Then he went
+to the water bucket, and lifted it to his mouth and drank, and drank
+it all to the last drop.
+
+Hardly had he done this when the man said:
+
+"And now the frozen meat."
+
+And they brought in the half of a black seal. And Atdlarneq ate and
+ate until there was no more left, save a very little piece.
+
+When the man saw there was some not eaten, he cried out violently
+again:
+
+"Give him some more to eat."
+
+And when Atdlarneq had eaten again for a while, he did not wish to
+eat more. But then they brought in a whole black seal. And the man
+set that also before him, and cried:
+
+"Eat that up too."
+
+And so Atdlarneq was forced to stuff himself mightily once more. He
+ate and ate, and at last he had eaten it all up. And again he emptied
+the water bucket.
+
+After all that he felt very well indeed, and seemed hardly to have
+eaten until now. But that was because he had swallowed a little stalk
+of grass before he began.
+
+So Atdlarneq slept, and next morning he went back home again. But
+after having thus nearly gorged himself to death, he never went
+southward again.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ANGANGUJUK
+
+
+It is said that Angangujuk's father was very strong. They had no other
+neighbours, but lived there three of them all alone. One day when the
+mother was going to scrape meat from a skin, she let the child play at
+kayak outside in the passage, near the entrance. And now and again she
+called to him: "Angangujuk!" And the child would answer from outside.
+
+And once she called in this way, and called again, for there came
+no answer. And when no answer came again, she left the skin she
+was scraping, and began to search about. But she could not find the
+child. And now she began to feel greatly afraid, dreading her husband's
+return. And while she stood there feeling great fear of her husband,
+he came out from behind a rock, dragging a seal behind him.
+
+Then he came forward and said:
+
+"Where is our little son?"
+
+"He vanished away from me this morning, after you had gone, when he
+was playing kayak-man out in the passage."
+
+And when she had said this, her husband answered:
+
+"It is you, wicked old hag, who have killed him. And now I will
+kill you."
+
+To this his wife answered:
+
+"Do not kill me yet, but wait a little, and first seek out one who
+can ask counsel of the spirits."
+
+And now the husband began eagerly to search for such a one. He came
+home bringing wizards with him, and bade them try what they could do,
+and when they could not find the child, he let them go without giving
+them so much as a bite of meat.
+
+And seeing that none of them could help him, he now sought for a
+very clever finder of hidden things, and meeting such a one at last,
+he took him home. Then he fastened a stick to his face, and made him
+lie down on the bedplace on his back.
+
+And now he worked away with him until the spirit came. And when this
+had happened, the spirit finder declared:
+
+"It would seem that spirits have here found a difficult task. He is
+up in a place between two great cliffs, and two old inland folk are
+looking after him."
+
+Then they stopped calling spirits, and wandered away towards the
+east. They walked and walked, and at last they sighted a lot of
+houses. And when they came nearer, they saw the smoke coming out from
+all the smoke holes. It was the heat from inside coming out so. And the
+father looked in through a window, and saw that they were quarrelling
+about his child, and the child was crying.
+
+"Who is to look after him?"
+
+So he heard them saying inside the house; each one was eager to have
+the child. When the father saw this, he was very angry.
+
+And the people inside asked the child:
+
+"What would you like to eat?"
+
+"No," said the child.
+
+"Will you have seal meat?"
+
+"No," said the child.
+
+And there was nothing he cared to have. Therefore they asked him
+at last:
+
+"Do you want to go home very much?"
+
+Angangujuk answered quickly: "Yes." And his father was very greatly
+angered by now. And said to those with him:
+
+"Try now to magic them to sleep."
+
+And now the wizard began calling down a magic sleep upon those in the
+hut, and one by one they sank to sleep and began to snore. And fewer
+and fewer remained awake; at last there were only two. But then one
+of those two began to yawn, and at last rolled over and snored.
+
+And now the great finder of hidden things began calling down sleep
+with all his might over that one remaining. And at last he too began
+to move towards the sleeping place. Then he began to yawn a little,
+and at last he also rolled over.
+
+Now Angangujuk's father went in quickly, and now he caught up his
+son. But now the child had no clothes on. And looking for them, he
+saw them hung up on the drying frame. But the house was so high that
+they had to poke down the clothes with poles.
+
+At last they came out, and walked and walked and came farther on. And
+it was now beginning to be light. As soon as they came to the place,
+they cut the moorings of the umiak, and hastily made all ready, and
+rowed out to the farthest islands. They had just moved away from land
+when they saw a number of people opposite the house.
+
+But when the inland folk saw they had already moved out from the land,
+they went up to the house and beat it down, beating down roof and
+walls and all that there was of it.
+
+After that time, Angangujuk's parents never again took up their
+dwelling on the mainland.
+
+Here ends this story.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ATARSSUAQ
+
+
+Atarssuaq had many enemies. But his many enemies tried in vain to
+hurt him, and they could not kill him.
+
+Then it happened that his wife bore him a son. Atarssuaq came back
+from his hunting one day, and found that he had a son. Then he took
+that son of his and bore him down to the water and threw him in. And
+waited until he began to kick out violently, and then took him up
+again. And so he did with him every day for long after, while the
+child was growing. And thus the boy became a very clever swimmer.
+
+And one day Atarssuaq caught a fjord seal, and took off the skin all
+in one piece, and dried it like a bladder, and made his son put it
+on when he went swimming.
+
+One day he felt a wish to see how clever the boy had become. And said
+to him therefore:
+
+"Go out now and swim, and I will follow after you."
+
+And the father brought down his kayak and set it in the water, and
+his son watched him. And then he said:
+
+"Now you swim out." And he made his father follow him out to sea,
+while he swam more and more under water. As soon as he came to the
+surface, his father rowed to where he was, but every time he took
+his throwing stick to cast a small harpoon, he disappeared.
+
+And when his father thought they had done this long enough, he said:
+
+"Now swim back to land, but keep under water as much as you can."
+
+The son dived down, but it was a long time before he came up again. And
+now his father was greatly afraid. But at last the boy came up,
+a long way off. And then he rowed up to where he was, and laid one
+hand on his head, and said:
+
+"Clever diver, clever diver, dear little clever one."
+
+And then he sniffed.
+
+And a second time he said to him:
+
+"Now swim under water a very long way this time."
+
+So he dived down, and his father rowed forward all the time, to come
+to the place where he should rise, and feeling already afraid. His
+face moved as if he were beginning to cry, and he said:
+
+"If only the sharks have not found him!" And he had just begun to
+cry when his son came up again. And then they went in to land, and
+the boy did not dive any more that day.
+
+So clever had he now become.
+
+And one day his father did not come back from his hunting. This was
+because of his enemies, who had killed him. Evening came, and next
+morning there was a kayak from the north. When it came in to the shore,
+the boy went down and said:
+
+"To-morrow the many brothers will come to kill you all."
+
+And the kayak turned at once and went back without coming on
+shore. Night passed and morning came. And in the morning when the
+boy awoke, he went to look out, and again, and many times. Once when
+he came out he saw many kayaks appearing from the northward. Then he
+went in and said to his mother:
+
+"Now many kayaks are coming, to kill us all."
+
+"Then put on your swimming dress," said his mother.
+
+And he did so, and went down to the shore, and did not stop until he
+was quite close to the water. When the kayaks then saw him, they all
+rowed towards him, and said:
+
+"He has fallen into the water."
+
+When they came to the place where he had fallen in, they all began
+looking about for him, and while they were doing this, he came up
+just in front of the bone shoeing on the nose of one of the kayaks
+which lay quite away from the rest. When they spied him, each tried
+to outdo the others, and cried:
+
+"Here he is!"
+
+But then he dived down again. And this he continued to do. And in
+this manner he led all those kayaks out to the open sea, and when
+they had come a great way out, they sighted an iceberg which had run
+aground. When Atarssuaq's son came to this, he climbed up, by sticking
+his hands into the ice. And up above were two large pieces. And when
+he came close to the iceberg, he heard those in the kayaks saying
+among themselves:
+
+"We can cut steps in the ice, and climb up to him."
+
+And they began cutting steps in the iceberg, and at last the ice pick
+of the foremost came up over the edge. But now the boy took one of the
+great pieces of ice and threw it down upon them as they crawled up,
+so that it sent them all down again as it fell. And again he heard
+them say:
+
+"It would be very foolish not to kill him. Let us climb up, and try
+to reach him this time."
+
+And then they began crawling up one after another. But now the boy
+began as before, shifting the great piece of ice. And he waited until
+the head of the foremost one came up, and then he let it fall. And
+this time he also killed all those who had climbed on to the iceberg,
+after he had so lured them on to follow him.
+
+But the others now turned back, and said:
+
+"He will kill us all if we do not go."
+
+And now the boy jumped down from the iceberg and swam to the kayaks
+and began tugging at their paddles, so that they turned over. But
+the men righted themselves again with their throwing sticks. And at
+last he was forced to hold them down himself under water till they
+drowned. And soon there were left no more of all those many kayaks,
+save only one. And when he looked closer, he saw that the man had no
+weapon but a stick for killing fish. And he rowed weeping in towards
+land, that man with no weapon but a stick. Then the boy pulled the
+paddle away from him, and he cried very much at that. Then he began
+paddling with his hands. But the boy gripped his hands from below,
+and then the man began crying furiously, and dared no longer put his
+hands in the water at all. And weeping very greatly he said:
+
+"It is ill for me that ever I came out on this errand, for it is
+plain that I am to be killed."
+
+The boy looked at him a little. And then said:
+
+"You I will not kill. You may go home again." And he gave him back
+his paddle, and said to him as he was rowing away:
+
+"Tell those of your place never to come out again thinking to kill
+us. For if they do not one of them will return alive."
+
+Then Atarssuaq's son went home. And for some time he waited, thinking
+that more enemies might come. But none ever came against them after
+that time.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+PUAGSSUAQ
+
+
+There was once a wifeless man who always went out hunting ptarmigan. It
+became his custom always to go out hunting ptarmigan every day.
+
+And when he was out one day, hunting ptarmigan as was his custom,
+he came to a place whence he could see out over a rocky valley. And
+it looked a good place to go. And he went there.
+
+But before he had come to the bottom of the valley, he caught sight
+of something that looked like a stone. And when he could see quite
+clearly that it was not a stone at all, he went up to it. He walked
+and walked, and came to it at last.
+
+Then he looked in, and saw an old couple sitting alone in there. And
+when he had seen this, he crawled very silently in through the passage
+way. And having come inside, he looked first a long time at them,
+and then he gave a little whistle. But nothing happened when he did
+so, and therefore he whistled a second time. And this time they heard
+the whistle, and the man nudged his wife and said:
+
+"You, Puagssuaq, you can talk with the spirits. Take counsel with
+them now."
+
+When he had said this, the wifeless man whistled again. And at this
+whistling, the man looked at his wife again and said earnestly:
+
+"Listen! It sounds as if that might be the voice of a shore-dweller;
+one who catches miserable fish."
+
+And now the wifeless man saw that the old one's wife was letting down
+her hair. And this was because she was now about to ask counsel of
+the spirits.
+
+And he was now about to look at them again, when he saw that the
+passage way about him was beginning to close up. And it was already
+nearly closed up. But then it opened again of itself. Then the wifeless
+man thought only of coming out again from that place, and when the
+passage way again opened, he slipped out. And then he began running
+as fast as he could.
+
+For a long time he ran on, with the thought that some one would surely
+come after him. But at last he came up the hillside, without having
+been pursued at all.
+
+And when he came home, he told what had happened.
+
+Here ends this story.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+TUNGUJULUK AND SAUNIKOQ
+
+
+Tungujuluk and Saunikoq were men from one village. And both were
+wizards. When they heard a spirit calling, one would change into a
+bear, and the other into a walrus.
+
+Tungujuluk had a son, but Saunikoq had no children.
+
+As soon as his son was old enough, Tungujuluk taught him to paddle a
+kayak. At this the other, Saunikoq, grew jealous, and began planning
+evil.
+
+One morning when he awoke, he went out hunting seal as usual. He had
+been out some time, when he went up to an island, and called for
+his bearskin. When it came, he got into it, and moved off towards
+Tungujuluk's house. He landed a little way off, and then stole up to
+kill Tungujuluk's son. And when he came near, he saw him playing with
+the other children. But he did not know that his father had already
+come home, and was sitting busily at work on the kayak he was making
+for his son. He was just about to go up to them, when the boy went
+weeping home to his father, and when his father looked round, there
+was a big bear already close to them. He took a knife and ran towards
+it, and was just about to stab that bear, when it began to laugh. And
+then suddenly Tungujuluk remembered that his neighbour Saunikoq was
+able to take the shape of a bear. And he was now so angry that he had
+nearly stabbed him in spite of all, and it was a hard matter for him
+to hold back his knife.
+
+But he did not forget that happening. He waited until a long time had
+passed, and at last, many days later, when he awoke in the morning,
+he went out in his kayak. On the way he came to an island. And going
+up on to that island, he called his other shape to him. When it came,
+he crawled into it, and became a walrus. And when he had thus become
+a walrus, he went to that place where it was the custom for kayaks
+to hunt seal. And when he came near, he looked round, and sighted
+Saunikoq, who lay there waiting for seal.
+
+Now he rose to the surface quite near him, and when Saunikoq saw him,
+he came over that way. And Saunikoq lifted his harpoon to throw it,
+and the stroke could not fail. Therefore he made himself small,
+and crept over to one side of the skin. And when he was struck,
+he floundered about a little, but not too violently, lest he should
+break the line. Then he swam away under water with the bladder float,
+and folded it up under his arm, and took out the air from it, and
+swam in towards land, and swam and swam until he came to the land
+near by where his kayak was lying. Then he went to it, and having
+taken out the point of the harpoon, he went out hunting.
+
+He struck a black seal, and rowed home at once. And when he had come
+home, he said to his wife:
+
+"Make haste and cook the breast piece."
+
+And when that breast piece was cooked, and the other kayaks had come
+home, he made a meat feast, and Saunikoq, thinking nothing of any
+matter, came in with the others. When he came in, Tungujuluk made no
+sign of knowing anything, but went and took out the bladder and line
+from his kayak. And then all sat down to eat together. And they ate and
+were satisfied. And then each man began telling of his day's hunting.
+
+At last Saunikoq said:
+
+"To-day, when I struck a walrus, I did not think at all that it
+should cause me to lose my bladder float. Where that came up again
+is a thing we do not know. That bladder float of mine was lost."
+
+And when Saunikoq had said this, Tungujuluk took that bladder and
+line and laid them beside the meat dish, and said:
+
+"Whose can this bladder be, now, I wonder? Aha, at last I have paid
+you for the time when you came in the shape of a bear, and mocked us."
+
+And when these words were said, the many who sat there laughed
+greatly. But Saunikoq got up and went away. And then next morning
+very early, he set out and rowed northward in his umiak. And since
+then he has not been seen.
+
+So great a shame did he feel.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ANARTEQ
+
+
+There was once an old man, and he had only one son, and that son
+was called Anarteq. But he had many daughters. They were very fond
+of going out reindeer hunting to the eastward of their own place,
+in a fjord. And when they came right into the base of the fjord,
+Anarteq would let his sisters go up the hillside to drive the reindeer,
+and when they drove them so, those beasts came out into a big lake,
+where Anarteq could row out in his kayak and kill them all.
+
+Thus in a few days they had their umiak filled with meat, and could
+go home again.
+
+One day when they were out reindeer hunting, as was their custom,
+and the reindeer had swum out, and Anarteq was striking them down,
+he saw a calf, and he caught hold of it by the tail and began to
+play with it. But suddenly the reindeer heaved up its body above
+the surface of the water, and kicked at the kayak so that it turned
+over. He tried to get up, but could not, because the kayak was full
+of water. And at last he crawled out of it.
+
+The women looked at him from the shore, but they could not get out
+to help him, and at last they heard him say:
+
+"Now the salmon are beginning to eat my belly."
+
+And very slowly he went to the bottom.
+
+Now when Anarteq woke again to his senses, he had become a salmon.
+
+But his father was obliged to go back alone, and from that time,
+having no son, he must go out hunting as if he had been a young
+man. And he never again rowed up to those reindeer grounds where they
+had hunted before.
+
+And now that Anarteq had thus become a salmon, he went with the others,
+in the spring, when the rivers break up, out into the sea to grow fat.
+
+But his father, greatly wishing to go once more to their old hunting
+grounds, went there again as chief of a party, after many years had
+passed. His daughters rowed for him. And when they came in near to
+the base of the fjord, he thought of his son, and began to weep. But
+his son, coming up from the sea with the other salmon, saw the umiak,
+and his father in it, weeping. Then he swam to it, and caught hold
+of the paddle with which his father steered. His father was greatly
+frightened at this, and drew his paddle out of the water, and said:
+
+"Anarteq had nearly pulled the paddle from my hand that time."
+
+And for a long while he did not venture to put his paddle in the water
+again. When he did so at last, he saw that all his daughters were
+weeping. And a second time Anarteq swam quickly up to the umiak. Again
+the father tried to draw in his paddle when the son took hold of it,
+but this time he could not move it. But then at last he drew it quite
+slowly to the surface, in such a way that he drew his son up with it.
+
+And then Anarteq became a man again, and hunted for many years to
+feed his kin.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+THE GUILLEMOT THAT COULD TALK
+
+
+A man from the south heard one day of a guillemot that could talk. It
+was said that this bird was to be found somewhere in the north,
+and therefore he set off to the northward. And toiled along north
+and north in an umiak.
+
+He came to a village, and said to the people there:
+
+"I am looking for a guillemot that can talk."
+
+"Three days' journey away you will find it."
+
+Then he stayed there only that night, and went on again next
+morning. And when he came to a village, he had just asked his way,
+when one of the men there said:
+
+"To-morrow I will go with you, and I will be a guide for you, because
+I know the way."
+
+Next morning when they awoke, those two men set off together. They
+rowed and rowed and came in sight of a bird cliff. They came to the
+foot of that bird cliff, and when they stood at the foot and looked
+up, it was a mightily big bird cliff.
+
+"Now where is that guillemot, I wonder?" said the man from the
+south. He had hardly spoken, when the man who was his guide said:
+
+"Here, here is the nest of that guillemot bird."
+
+And the man was prepared to be very careful when the bird came out
+of its nest. And it came out, that bird, and went to the side of the
+cliff and stared down at the kayaks, stretching its body to make it
+very long. And sitting up there, it said quite clearly:
+
+"This, I think, must be that southern man, who has come far from a
+place in the south to hear a guillemot."
+
+And the bird had hardly spoken, when he who was guide saw that the man
+from the south had fallen forward on his face. And when he lifted him
+up, that man was dead, having died of fright at hearing the bird speak.
+
+Then seeing there was no other thing to be done, he covered up the
+body at the foot of the cliff below the guillemot's nest, and went
+home. And told the others of his place that he had covered him there
+below the guillemot's nest because he was dead. And the umiak and
+its crew of women stayed there, and wintered in that place.
+
+Next summer, when they were making ready to go southward again, they
+had no man to go with them. But on the way that wifeless man procured
+food for them by catching fish, and when he had caught enough to fill
+a pot, he rowed in with his catch.
+
+And in this way he led them southward. When they came to their own
+country, they had grown so fond of him that they would not let him
+go northward again. And so that wifeless man took a wife from among
+those women, because they would not let him go away to the north.
+
+It is said that the skeleton of that wifeless man lies there in the
+south to this day.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+KANAGSSUAQ
+
+
+Kanagssuaq, men say, went out from his own place to live on a little
+island, and there took to wife the only sister of many brothers. And
+while he lived there with her, it happened once that the cold became so
+great that the sea between the islands was icebound, and they could no
+longer go out hunting. At last they had used up their store of food,
+and when that store of food was used up, and none of them could go
+out hunting, they all remained lying down from hunger and weakness.
+
+Once, when there was open water to the south, where they often caught
+seal, Kanagssuaq took his kayak on his head and went out hunting. He
+rowed out in a northerly wind, with snow falling, and a heavy sea. And
+soon he came upon a number of black seal. He rowed towards them, to
+get within striking distance, but struck only a little fjord seal,
+which came up between him and the others. This one was easier to cut
+up, he said.
+
+Now when he had got this seal, he took his kayak on his head again
+and went home across the ice. And his house-fellows shouted for joy
+when they saw the little creature he sent sliding in. Next day he
+went out again, and caught two black seal, and after that, he never
+went out without bringing home something.
+
+The north wind continued, and the snow and the cold continued. When he
+lay out waiting for seal, as was now his custom, he often wished that
+he might meet with Kiliteraq, the great hunter from another place,
+who was the only one that would venture out in such weather. But this
+did not come about.
+
+But now there was great dearth of food also in the place where
+Kiliteraq lived. And therefore Kiliteraq took his kayak on his
+head and went out across the ice to hunt seal. And coming some way,
+he sighted Kanagssuaq, who had already made his catch, and was just
+getting his tow-line out. As soon as he came up, Kanagssuaq cut away
+the whole of the belly skin and gave to him. And Kiliteraq felt now
+a great desire for blubber, and took some good big pieces to chew.
+
+And while he lay there, some black seal came up, and Kanagssuaq said:
+
+"Row in to where they are."
+
+And he rowed in to them and harpooned one, and killed it on the spot
+with that one stroke. He took his bladder float, to make a tow-line
+fast, and wound up the harpoon line, but before he had come to the
+middle, a breaking wave came rolling down on him. And it broke over
+him, and it seemed indeed as if there were no kayak there at all, so
+utterly was it hidden by that breaking wave. Then at last the bladder
+showed up behind the kayak, and a little after, the kayak itself came
+up, with the paddles held in a balancing position. Now for the second
+time he took his bladder and line, and just as he came to the place
+where the tow-line is made fast, there came another wave and washed
+over him so that he disappeared. And then he came up a second time,
+and as he came up, he said:
+
+"I am now so far out that I cannot make my tow-line fast. Will you
+do this for me?"
+
+And then Kanagssuaq made his tow-line fast, and as soon as he had
+taken the seal in tow, he rowed away in the thickly falling snow, and
+was soon lost to sight. When he came home, his many comrades in the
+village were filled with great thankfulness towards him. And thereafter
+it was as before; that he never came home without some catch.
+
+A few days later, they awoke and saw that the snow was not falling
+near them now, but only far away on the horizon. And after that
+the weather became fine again. And when the spring came, they began
+hunting guillemots; driving them together in flocks and killing them
+so. This they did at that time.
+
+And now one day they had sent their bird arrows showering down among
+the birds, and were busy placing the killed ones together in the
+kayaks. And then suddenly a kayak came in sight on the sunny side. And
+when that stranger came nearer, they looked eagerly to see who it might
+be. And when Kiliteraq came nearer--for it was Kiliteraq who came--he
+looked round among the kayaks, and when he saw that Kanagssuaq was
+among them, he thrust his way through and came close up to him, and
+stuck his paddle in between the thongs on Kanagssuaq's kayak, and then
+loosened the skin over the opening of his own kayak, and put his hand
+in behind, and drew out a splendid tow-line made of walrus hide and
+beautifully worked with many beads of walrus tooth. And a second time
+he put in his hand, and took out now a piece of bearskin fashioned to
+the seat of a kayak. And these things he gave to Kanagssuaq, and said:
+
+"Once in the spring, when I could not make my tow-line fast to a seal,
+you helped me, and made it fast. Here is that which shall thank you
+for that service."
+
+And then he rowed away.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Note.--The particular sources of the various legends are as follows:
+
+
+Polar Eskimo, Smith Sound--                                Page
+
+    The two Friends who set off to travel round the world    15
+    The coming of Men, a long, long while ago                16
+    The woman who had a bear as a foster-son                 40
+    The great bear                                           81
+    The man who became a star                                82
+    The woman with the iron tail                             83
+    How the fog came                                         84
+    The man who avenged the widows                           86
+    The man who went out to search for his son               88
+    Atungait, who went a-wandering                           90
+    Kumagdlak and the living arrows                          93
+    The giant dog                                            95
+    The Inland-dwellers of Etah                              97
+    The man who stabbed his wife in the leg                  98
+    The soul that lived in the bodies of all beasts         100
+    Papik, who killed his wife's brother                    104
+    Patussorssuaq, who killed his uncle                     107
+    The men who changed wives                               109
+    Artuk, who did all things forbidden                     110
+    The thunder spirits                                     111
+    Nerrivik                                                113
+    The wife who lied                                       115
+    Kagssagssuk, the homeless boy who became a strong man   117
+
+South-East Greenland--
+
+    Nukunguasik, who escaped from the Tupilak                18
+    Imarasugssuaq, who ate his wives                         44
+    Qalaganguase, who passed to the land of Ghosts           46
+    Isigaligarssik                                           49
+    The Insects that wooed a wifeless man                    52
+    The very obstinate man                                   56
+    The Dwarfs                                               60
+    The Boy from the Bottom of the Sea, who frightened the
+    people of the house to death                             64
+    The Raven and the Goose                                  66
+    When the Ravens could speak                              67
+
+West Greenland--
+
+    Makite                                                   68
+    Asaloq                                                   71
+    Ukaleq                                                   73
+    The man who took a Vixen to wife                         79
+    Qasiagssaq, the great liar                              123
+    The Eagle and the Whale                                 130
+    The two little Outcasts                                 133
+    Atdlarneq, the great glutton                            136
+
+Godthaab, West Greenland--
+
+    Qujavarssuk                                              20
+    Kunigseq                                                 38
+    Angangujuk                                              139
+    Atarssuaq                                               142
+    Puagssuaq                                               146
+    Tungujuluk and Saunikoq                                 148
+    Anarteq                                                 150
+    The Guillemot that could talk                           152
+    Kanagssuaq                                              154
+
+South Greenland--
+
+    Ikardlituarssuk                                          75
+
+Upernivik, North Greenland--
+
+    The Raven who wanted a wife                              77
+
+
+
+
+
+
+NOTES
+
+
+[1] Tupilak: a monster created by one having magic powers, who uses
+it to wreak vengeance on an enemy.
+
+[2] According to custom. It is believed that the qualities of the
+dead are thus transferred to the living namesake.
+
+[3] Umiak: a large boat, as distinct from the small kayak.
+
+[4] The first dress worn by a child is supposed to act as a charm
+against wounds if the former wearer can put it on when a grown man.
+
+[5] The story-teller speaks the dwarf's part throughout in a hurried
+and jerky manner, to illustrate the little man's shyness.
+
+[6] A heavy burden carried on the back is supported by a strap or
+thong passing over the forehead.
+
+[7] I.e. a creature fashioned by an enemy, after the same manner as
+a Tupilak.
+
+[8] A small black mollusc.
+
+[9] The star is that which we know as Venus. "Listening": perhaps as
+the old man had stood listening for the breathing of the seal.
+
+[10] A game played with rings and a stick; the "ring and pin game."
+
+[11] Lit., "Meat Dish."
+
+[12] Speckled seal may often be caught in this fashion.
+
+[13] The souls of the dead are supposed to be born again in the body
+of one named after them.
+
+[14] There is a fabulous being in Eskimo folklore supposed to have
+cheeks of copper, with which he can deliver terrible blows by a side
+movement of the head. Naughty children are frequently threatened with
+"Copper-cheeks" as a kind of bogey.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Eskimo Folktales, by Unknown
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