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| author | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-15 02:40:16 -0700 |
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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/28778-8.txt b/28778-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d246458 --- /dev/null +++ b/28778-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2607 @@ +Project Gutenberg's Harper's Young People, April 13, 1880, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Harper's Young People, April 13, 1880 + An Illustrated Weekly + +Author: Various + +Release Date: May 12, 2009 [EBook #28778] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, APR 13, 1880 *** + + + + +Produced by Annie McGuire + + + + + + + + +[Illustration: HARPER'S + +YOUNG PEOPLE + +AN ILLUSTRATED WEEKLY.] + + * * * * * + +VOL. I.--NO. 24. PUBLISHED BY HARPER & BROTHERS, NEW YORK. PRICE FOUR +CENTS. + +Tuesday, April 13, 1880. Copyright, 1880, by HARPER & BROTHERS. $1.50 +per Year, in Advance. + + * * * * * + + + + +[Illustration: MISS NANCY TAKES LEAVE OF THE OFFICERS.] + +NANCY HANSON'S PROJECT. + +BY HOWARD PYLE. + + +It was in the old Quaker town of Wilmington, Delaware, and it was the +evening of the day on which the battle of Brandywine had been fought. +The country people were coming into town in sledges, and in heavy low +carts with solid wheels made of slices from great tree trunks, loaded +with butter, eggs, milk, and vegetables; for the following day was +market-day. Market-day came every Fourth-day (Wednesday) and every +Seventh-day (Saturday). Then the carts drew up in a long line in Market +Street, with their tail-boards to the sidewalk, and the farmers sold +their produce to the town people, who jostled each other as they walked +up and down in front of the market carts--a custom of street markets +still carried on in Wilmington. + +Friend William Stapler stopped, on his way to market in his cart, at +Elizabeth Hanson's house, in Shipley Street, to leave a dozen eggs and +two pounds of butter, as he did each Tuesday and Friday evening. +Elizabeth came to the door with a basket for half a peck of potatoes. +William Stapler took off his broad-brimmed hat, and slowly rubbed his +horny hand over his short-cut, stubbly gray hair. + +"Ah! I tell thee, Lizabeth, they're a-doin' great things up above +Chadd's Ford. I hearn th' canning a-boomin' away all day to-day. Ah, +Lizabeth, the world's people is a wicked people. They spare not the +brother's blood when th' Adam is aroused within them. They stan' in +slippery places, Lizabeth." + +"Does thee think they're fighting, William?" + +"Truly I think they are. Ah! I tell thee, Lizabeth, they're differen' 'n +when I was young. Then we only feared the Injuns, 'n' now it's white men +agin white men. They tuck eight young turkeys of mine, 'n' only paid me +ten shillin' fer 'em." + +"But, oh, William, I do hope they're not fighting! I expect my +son-in-law, Captain William Bellach, and his friend Colonel Tilton, will +stop here on their way to join General Washington; and they may arrive +to-night." + +"Ah, Lizabeth, I've lifted up my voice in testimony agin the young men +goin' to the wars an' sheddin' blood. 'F a man diggeth a pit an' falleth +into it himself, who shall help him out thereof? Half a peck o' +potatoes, did thee say, Lizabeth?" + + * * * * * + +During the evening rumors became more exciting, and it was said that the +Americans had been defeated, and were retreating toward Philadelphia. +Late that night Captain Bellach and Colonel Tilton arrived at Elizabeth +Hanson's house. + +"I've heard the rumors, mother," said Captain Bellach. "I don't believe +'em; but even if there was a file of British at the door here, I would +be too tired to run away from them." + +Pretty Nancy Hanson spoke up. "But, Billy, they would not only send thee +and thy friend to the hulks if they caught thee, but they might be rude +to us women were they to find thee here." + +"Yes, sister-in-law, if I thought there was any danger, I would leave +instantly; but the British, even if they have beaten us, will be too +tired to come here to-night." + +"I agree with my friend Will, Mistress Nancy," said Colonel Tilton. +"Moreover, our horses are too tired to take us farther to-night." + +About two o'clock in the morning the silence of the deserted streets of +the town was broken by a rattling and jingling of steel, the heavy, +measured tread of feet, and sharp commands given in a low voice. + +Nancy Hanson awakened at the noise, and jumping out of bed, ran to the +window and looked out into the moon-lit street beneath. A file of +red-coated soldiers were moving by toward the old Bull's Head Tavern. +The cold moonlight glistened on their gun-barrels and bayonets as they +marched. Nancy ran to her mother's room and pounded vigorously on the +door. + +"Mother! mother! waken up!" she cried; "the British are come to town, +sure enough!" + +The family were soon gathered around the dull light of a candle, the +gentlemen too hastily awakened to have their hair _en queue_, the ladies +in short gowns and petticoats; Elizabeth Hanson wore a great starched +night-cap perched high upon her head. + +"You were right, sister-in-law," said Captain Bellach, "and I was wrong. +The best thing we can do now is to march out and take our chances." + +"So say I," assented the Colonel. + +"It's all well enough for thee, Billy, to talk of marching out and +taking thy chances," said Nancy; "thee has thy black citizen's dress; +but Colonel Tilton is in uniform." + +"True; I forgot." + +"It does not matter," said the Colonel. + +"Yes, but it does," cried Nancy. "Stay now until morning, and I think I +can get thee citizen's clothes. I have a project, too, to get thee off. +For mother's sake, though, we must hide thy uniform, for if it is found +here, she will be held responsible. Billy, thee will have to go with thy +friend back to the bedroom and bring us his things as soon as he can +take them off. Thee must lie abed, Colonel Tilton." + +Nancy's plans were carried into execution. The bricks in one of the +up-stairs fire-places were taken up, the sand beneath them removed, and +the Colonel's uniform deposited in the vacant place, over which the +bricks were carefully replaced. + + * * * * * + +In the gray of the morning Peggy Allison and Hannah Shallcross, on their +way to market, each with a basket on her arm, met in front of Elizabeth +Hanson's house. A company of soldiers had halted in Shipley Street, and +their arms were stacked before Elizabeth's door. The red-coated soldiers +were lounging and talking and smoking. Some officers sat around a fire +near by warming their hands, for the morning was chill. + +"'Tis a shame!" said Hannah Shallcross, vigorously--"'tis a shame to see +these redcoats parading our streets as bold as a brass farthing. I only +wish I was John Stedham the constable; I'd have 'em in the +Smoke-House[1] or the stocks in a jiffy, I tell thee!" + +She spoke loudly and sharply. A young British officer, who was passing, +stepped briskly up, and tapped her on the arm. + +"Madam," said he, "do you know that you are all prisoners? Be advised by +me, and return quietly home until the town is in order." + +However patriotic Hannah might be, she did not think it advisable to +disregard this order, and both dames retreated in a flutter. As the +young officer stood looking after them, the house door opposite him +opened, and Nancy Hanson appeared upon the door-step. She had dressed +herself carefully in her fine quilted petticoat and best flowered +over-dress, and looked as pretty and fresh as an April morning. + +"Friend," said she, in a half-doubtful, half-timid voice. The young +officer whipped off his cocked hat, and bent stiffly, as you might bend +a jackknife. + +"Madam, yer servant," he answered. He spoke with a slight brogue, for he +was an Irish gentleman. + +"We have a friend with us," said Nancy, "who hath been compelled for a +time to keep his bed. He was brought here last night on account of the +battle, and was too weary to go further. Our neighbor Friend John +Stapler, across the street, hath thick stockings, and I desire to get, +if I can, a pair from him, as, thee may know, in cases of dropsy the +legs are always cold. I am afraid to cross the street with these +soldiers in it. Would thee escort me?" + +"Madam, you do me infinite honor in desiring me escort," said the young +officer, bowing more deeply than before; for Nancy was very pretty. + +Friend John Stapler was a very strict Friend, and as such was inclined +to favor the royalist side; still, he was willing to do a kindly turn +for a neighbor. He was a wrinkled, weazened little man, whose face, with +its pointed nose and yellowish color, much resembled a hickory nut. + +"Hum-m-m!" ejaculated he, when Nancy, who had left the officer at the +door, stated the case to him--"hum-m-m! thus it is that intercourse with +the world's people defileth the chosen. Still, I may as well help thee +out o' the pother. Hum-m-m! I suppose my small-clothes would hardly be +large enough, would they?" and he looked down at his withered little +legs. + +"I hardly think so," said Nancy, repressing a smile, as she pictured to +herself the tall dignified Colonel in little John Stapler's +small-clothes. + +"Well, well," said he, "I'll just step out the back way, and borrow a +suit from John Benson. He's the fattest man I know." + +He soon returned with the borrowed clothes, which they wrapped up in as +small a bundle as possible, after which Nancy rejoined the officer at +the door. + +"'Tis a largish bundle of stockings," observed he, as he escorted her +across the street again. + +"They are thick stockings," she answered, demurely. + +When they reached home, she invited her escort and his brother officers, +who were gathered around the fire near by, to come in and take a cup of +coffee--an offer they were only too glad to accept, after their night +march. + +"Gentlemen," said Nancy, as they sat or stood around drinking their hot +coffee, "I suppose you have no desire to retain our afflicted friend a +prisoner? The doctor, who is with him at present, thinks it might +benefit him to be removed to the country. I spoke to my friend whom I +saw this morning, and he promised to send a coach. May he depart +peaceably when the coach comes?" + +"Faith," said the young Irish officer, "he may depart. He shall not be +molested. I command here at present." + +"What is the matter with the invalid?" inquired another officer. + +"He appeareth to have the dropsy," answered Nancy, gravely. + +In about half an hour an old-fashioned coach, as large as a small +dwelling-house, and raised high from the ground on great wheels, +lumbered up to the door. The steps were let down, or unfolded, until +they made a kind of step-ladder, by which the passenger ascended to the +coach which loomed above. The door stuck, in consequence of being +swelled by the late rains, and was with difficulty opened. The officers +stood around, waiting the appearance of the invalid, and the young +Irishman who had been Nancy's escort waited at the door to help her in, +for she was to accompany her afflicted relative to the ferry. + +The house door opened, and she appeared, bearing a pillow and blanket to +make the sick man comfortable. She arranged these, and stepped back into +the house to see him moved. Then, with a shuffling of feet, the +pretended victim of dropsy appeared, dressed in plain clothes, and so +enormously puffed out that there was scarcely room for him in the +passageway. The so-called doctor, dressed in black, and wearing a pair +of black glass spectacles, assisted the invalid on one side, and Nancy +supported him on the other. The dropsical one groaned at every step, and +groaned louder than ever as they pushed, squeezed, and crowded him up +the steps and into the coach. Nancy and the doctor followed, and the +Irish officer put up the steps and clapped to the door, while Nancy +smiled a farewell through the window to him as the great coach rumbled +away toward the Christiana River. + +"Oddzooks!" exclaimed one of the officers, "that is the fattest Quaker I +ever saw." + +He would have been surprised if he had seen the fat Quaker draw a stout +pillow from under his waistcoat after the coach had moved away, while +the doctor stripped some black court-plaster from the back of his +spectacles, and instead of the invalid and the physician appeared two +decidedly military-looking gentlemen. + +The coach and its occupants had lumbered out of sight for some time, and +the young officer still remained lounging near the door of Mistress +Hanson's house, when an orderly, splashed with mud from galloping over +yesterday's battle-field, clattered up to the group. + +"Which is Major Fortescue?" he asked, in his sharp military voice. + +"I am," answered the young Irish officer. + +"Order for you, sir;" and he reached the Major a folded paper, sealed +with a blotch of wax as red as blood. He opened it, and read: + + "You will immediately arrest two men, officers in the rebel army, + known respectively as Colonel Tilton and Captain Bellach. + Information has been lodged at head-quarters that they are now + lying concealed at Mistress Elizabeth Hanson's in Wilmington town. + You will report answer at once. By order of + + Colonel ROBERT WYCHERLY, R. A., + Com. 5th Div. H. M. A. + in the Province of Pennsylvania. + + To Major ALLAN FORTESCUE, + Commander at Wilmington, + in the Lower County of Newcastle."[2] + +"Stop them!" roared Major Fortescue, as soon as he could catch his +breath. He gave a sharp order to the soldiers lounging near; they seized +their arms, and the whole party started at double quick for the ford of +the Christiana River, half a mile away, whither the coach had directed +its course. + + * * * * * + +Meanwhile the fugitives had arrived at the bank of the river, where they +found that the ferryman was at the other side, and his boat with him. He +was lying on the stern seat, in the sun, and an empty whiskey bottle +beside him sufficiently denoted the reason of his inertia. When the +Colonel called to him, he answered in endearing terms, but moved not; +and when the officer swore, the ferryman reproved him solemnly. Affairs +were looking gloomy, when Captain Bellach, who had been running up and +down the embankment that kept the river from overflowing the marsh-lands +that lay between it and the hill on which the town stood, gave a shout +which called the Colonel and Nancy to him. They found that he had +discovered an old scow half hidden among the reeds; it was stuck fast in +the mud, and it was only by great exertions that the two gentlemen +pushed it off the ooze into the water. The Colonel then took Nancy in +his arms, and carried her across the muddy shore to the boat, where he +deposited her; then pushing off the scow, he leaped aboard himself. + +"Lackaday for my new silk petticoat, all spotted and ruined!" cried +Nancy. "I'd rather have been taken prisoner at once!" And she looked +down ruefully upon the specks of blue marsh mud that had been splashed +upon that garment. + +Neither of the men answered. The boat leaked very badly when it was +fairly out in the water, and the Colonel was forced to bail it out with +his hat. The Captain sat in the middle of the boat, paddling it with a +piece of board. His hat had blown off, and his black silk small-clothes +were covered with mud. The tide was running strongly, and as the boat +drifted down the stream, it was swung round and round in spite of the +Captain's efforts to keep it straight, while the leak gained on them, +until Nancy, with a sigh, was compelled to take her best beaver hat, +ribbons and all, and help the Colonel bail. + +They were scarcely more than half across when Major Fortescue and his +squad of soldiers dashed up to the bank. They ran along the embankment, +keeping pace with the boat as it drifted with the tide. + +"Halt!" cried the officer; but no one in the boat answered. "Halt, or I +shoot!" But Captain Bellach only paddled the harder. + +"Make ready! Take aim!--" + +"Down, for your life!" cried Colonel Tilton, sharply, dragging Nancy +down into the bottom of the boat, where Captain Bellach flung himself +beside them. It was the work of a moment. The next instant--"Fire!" they +heard the royalist order, sharply, from the bank. + +"Cra-a-a-ack!" rattled the muskets, and the bullets hummed venomously +around the boat like a swarm of angry hornets. + +None of the fugitives were hurt, though two of the bullets struck the +side of the boat; but Nancy's petticoat was entirely ruined by the mud +and water in the bottom. Before the redcoats could reload, they had +reached the further shore, and run into a corn field near by, in which +they were entirely hidden. Captain Bellach wanted to go up the stream +and thrash the drunken ferryman; but the Colonel and Nancy dissuaded +him, and they made the best of their way to Dover, which they reached +after a very weary journey. There Nancy, who considered it safer to +absent herself from home while the British retained possession of +Wilmington, found herself the heroine of the hour; and she was fêted and +dined and made much of, until it would have completely turned a less +sensible little head than hers. + +In after-years, when her husband presented her to President Washington, +"Ah, Mistress Tilton," said his Excellency, "your husband should indeed +value an affection that not only endangered a life, but even sacrificed +a fine silk petticoat, for his sake." + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[1] The Smoke-House was a small stone structure something like a +sentry-box, only with an iron door and grated windows. In this negroes, +petty criminals, vagrants, and drunkards were confined. It stood at the +junction of the two most important streets of the town. + +[2] Newcastle County, Delaware, formerly a portion of Penn's Proprietary +Government in the Americas. + + + + +[Begun in No. 19 of HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, March 9.] + +ACROSS THE OCEAN; OR, A BOY'S FIRST VOYAGE. + +A True Story. + +BY J. O. DAVIDSON. + + +CHAPTER VI. + +AN OCEAN PRAIRIE. + +Frank found his new work tolerably easy, though it required constant +attention, for every joint of the machinery had to be watched, and oiled +afresh the moment it began to get dry and hot. There being two other +oilers, he now stood his regular watch of three hours at a time, having +the rest of the day to himself. Most of this leisure time was spent in +talking with Herrick, or studying the ins and outs of the machinery; and +Frank soon learned to "take a card" as well as any man on board. This is +done as follows: a slip of paper is rolled round a brass tube attached +to the valve of the engine cylinder, and a pencil fixed so as to trace +certain curved lines on the paper as it turns, the shape of which shows +the exact working condition of the engine. + +On the fourth afternoon of his new duties Austin heard himself hailed +from the upper deck by a familiar voice: + +"Hello, Frank, my boy! come up and have a look at Daddy Neptune's +pasture-ground." + +Up went Frank with all speed; but his first glance around made him +start. Instead of the deep blue water that had surrounded her a few +hours before, the ship was now in the midst of a smooth green plain, +extending as far as the eye could reach, and covered, to all appearance, +with coarse grass and broad-leaved plants. Nothing was wanting, in fact, +to complete the picture except a few sheep and cattle. + +[Illustration: IN THE SARGASSO SEA.] + +For a moment our hero really thought he must be dreaming; and then he +suddenly recollected his school-book pictures and stories of the famous +Sargasso Sea, where, for thousands of acres together, the water is quite +hidden by a thick growth of "Gulf weed," and knew at once that this must +be it. + +And certainly this ocean prairie was a wonderful sight. As the steamer +ploughed its way through the matted weeds, Frank could see in the narrow +openings their trailing roots hanging far down into the clear cool +depths below. Above these open spaces thousands of sea-birds were +hovering with shrill cries, while ever and anon one of them would swoop +down into the water, re-appearing instantly with a fish wriggling in its +beak. + +In the purple shadow of the weed beds bright-colored fish were moving +lazily to and fro, but these darted swiftly away at the approach of the +steamer. On every side queer little crabs and turtles were plumping into +the water, scared by the plashing wheels, while, stranger still, birds' +nests and eggs were seen here and there amid the huge broad leaves of +the stronger plants, to the great delight of Frank, who thought the idea +of birds nesting in the middle of the Atlantic the finest joke he had +ever heard. + +A mass of the tangle was hauled on board, and the men amused themselves +by stamping on the hollow air-cells which give the weed its buoyancy, +producing a series of cracks like the explosion of fire-crackers. + +"I've heerd tell, though I can't say I've seen it myself," observed a +sailor, "as there's places whar them weeds are so thick and strong that +a man can walk on 'em all the same as dry land." + +"Well, they can stop a ship, anyhow, whether they can carry a man or +not. A chum of mine as v'y'ged here in a Portigee steamer told me that +she once got reg'lar jammed among the weed, and only 'scaped by +reversin' her en_gines_." + +"Well, it's a fact that some whar in these seas there's a place they +call the Lumber Yard, 'cause of all the driftwood and floatin' spars and +bits o' wreck and sich gittin' jumbled up together; for all the currents +sort o' meet there, like them puzzles whar every road leads in and none +out. If a ship once gits in _there_, good-by to her; for there ain't no +wind, nor tide, nor nothin', and you jist stick there till you rot." + +Here old Herrick muttered, dreamily, as if speaking to himself, "_I_'ve +seen that, and I sha'n't forget it in a hurry." + +The men nudged each other, and there was a general silence; for it was +but seldom that Herrick could be got to spin a yarn, and he was now +evidently about to "get off" one of his best. + +"I was cruising in these waters," he went on, "'bout twenty years ago, +when one afternoon we sighted a sort o' mound in among the thickest of +the weed, with somethin' like a ship's mast standin' up from it. The +'old man' came out to look at it, and then gave orders to lower the +boat, and we pulled for the wreck with a will. But as we neared her, the +very look of her seemed to strike cold upon us all. Her hull had such an +old-fashioned build that it might ha' been afloat for a hundred years +and more; and all up the sides and over the deck great slimy coils of +weed had trailed, like them eight-armed squids that clutch men and drag +'em down. As we came nigher, the very sun clouded over, and all was +chill, and gray, and dismal, and the wreck itself looked so unearthly, +with no sign or sound of life about it, that I guess I wasn't the only +one who felt queer when we ran alongside at last. + +"Up we scrambled, our very tread soundin' hollow and uncanny in that +awful silence. Not a livin' thing was there aboard, not even a mouse. +The mainmast was gone, all but a stump, and the moulderin' tackle lay on +the deck all of a heap. The plankin' was rotten and fallin' to bits, and +the place on the starn where her name had been was clean mouldered away. +All at once our coxswain, Bill Grimes, gives a jump and a holler as if +he'd trod on a rattlesnake; and when we ran for'ard, what should we see, +half hid among the weeds, but the skeleton of a man, fastened to the +bulwarks by a rusty chain!" + +The speaker ceased, and looked round the attentive circle with the air +of a man who feels that he has made a hit. + +"A slaver, I reckon," said one, at length. + +"Or a pirate." + +"Or some craft that had got starved out." + +"Ay; but how cum that skeleton there? Did _you_ never find out nothin' +'bout her, old hoss?" + +"_Never_," said the old man, solemnly. "That's how many a gallant ship +has ended--just a mark of 'missing' opposite her name in the owner's +list, and a few poor souls watchin' and waitin' for them that'll never +come back. Ay, boys; for as bright and pretty as these waters look, +there's many a black story hid aneath 'em as'll never be known till the +day when the sea shall give up its dead." + + * * * * * + +They were now east of the Azores, and within four days' run of +Gibraltar, which was their first halting-place. So the men were set to +work to scrub the deck, polish the rails, new paint the boats, mend such +of the signal flags as were torn, and "smarten" up the vessel generally; +for a sea-captain is as proud of his ship as a lands-man of his wife, +and likes to bring her into port as trim as possible. + +Frank, always ready to be of use, took his share of the work, though he +had plenty to occupy him without it. He was never tired of watching the +sun make rainbows in the spray of the bow, and the pretty little +sea-fairies, called by sailors "Portuguese men-of-war," float past with +their tinted shells and outspread feelers; while at night the moon was +so gloriously brilliant, and the sea so clear and smooth, that he often +staid on deck till midnight to enjoy the spectacle. But another sight +was in store for him, even more to his taste than these. + +One evening, just before sunset, two sail (the first for several days) +were descried by the look-out, quite close to each other. Herrick, after +eying them keenly for a moment, pronounced them to be a British steamer +and a full-rigged American clipper ship. + +"How on earth can you tell that?" asked the wondering Frank, who could +see nothing of the strangers but their topmasts. + +"Easy enough. That un's a steamer, by her smoke; and she's a Britisher, +by the _look_ o' the smoke, for they mostly burn soft coal. T'other's a +clipper, by her rig, and the lot o' handkerchiefs [studding sails] she +has aloft; and she's a 'Merican, for nothin' else could hold its own +with a steamer. But what can they be doin' so close together? Ah! _I_'ve +got it--they're a-_racin_'." + +[Illustration: AN OCEAN RACE.] + +When the two vessels came near enough to be signaled, and to reply, +Herrick was found to be right in every particular, and the excitement +aboard the _Arizona_ rose to a height. The captain himself came out to +watch the race, and every man who was not on duty below hastened on +deck. + +"See how Johnny Bull's a-pilin' the coal on!" cried old Herrick, +pointing to the eddying smoke, which grew blacker every minute. "But he +don't whip _that_ craft--not much! Canvas agin tea-kettles any day! +Hooray!" + +"Right you air, old hoss! Guess some o' them clippers can show as good a +record as any steamer afloat. Why, didn't the old _Nabob_ run 7389 miles +in thirty days out thar in the Indian Ocean?--and that's 246 miles a day +for a whole month, anyhow." + +The two racers were now crossing the _Arizona_'s bows, and every one +crowded forward to look at them. The steamer's passengers were seen +clustered along the side like bees, while the crew were bustling to and +fro, setting every sail that would draw. But still on the starboard +quarter hung the beautiful clipper, gliding along smoothly and easily, +one great pyramid of snow-white canvas from gunwale to truck, while the +look-out and the two men at the wheel (the only persons visible on +board) grinned from ear to ear at the "Britisher's" vain efforts. Just +as the clipper passed, the Stars and Stripes fluttered out jauntily at +her peak. + +"Come, boys!" cried Herrick; "let's give the old 'gridiron' a cheer." + +Mingling with the hearty shout that followed (in which Frank joined with +a will) came three sharp blasts from the _Arizona_'s steam-whistle, by +way of salute. Instantly the clipper's crew sprang up from behind the +bulwarks, and, waving their caps, sent back a rousing cheer, answered by +the Englishman with a short whistle of defiance as he swept by. + +Little by little the racers, still close together, melted into the +fast-falling shadows of night; but there were not a few who declared +that, when last seen, the clipper was getting the best of it, and their +belief in the superiority of wind over steam was greatly strengthened +thereby. + +[TO BE CONTINUED.] + + + + +APRIL'S TEARS. + + + April's tears are happy tears. + Joy when the arbutus sweet + Creeps about her dancing feet, + When the violet appears, + When the birds begin to sing, + When the grass begins to grow, + Makes her lovely eyes o'erflow. + She's a tender-hearted thing, + Bonny daughter of the spring. + + + + +BILLY'S GREAT SPEECH. + +BY WILLIAM O. STODDARD. + + +Billy was the youngest member of the debating society; that is, the +other members were all grown-up men, though none of them were very old, +and he was not yet quite fourteen years of age. Some of the boys he knew +told him he had been let in by mistake, and some said it was a joke; but +there he was, week after week, every Friday evening, sitting on a front +bench, and as much a member as the president, or the secretary, or +either of the three vice-presidents. + +One of the names of that village debating society was "The Lyceum," but +it wasn't much used, except when they had distinguished strangers to +lecture for them, and charged twenty-five cents apiece for tickets. + +The regular weekly debates were "free," and so there was always a good +attendance. The ladies, of all ages, were sure to come, and a good many +of the boys. Billy never missed a debate; but he had not yet made so +much as one single solitary speech on any subject. Nobody knew how often +he had entered that hall with a big speech in him, all ready, or how he +had always carried it out again unspoken. + +A little after the Christmas and New-Years' holidays there was a +question proposed for the society to debate that Billy was sure he could +handle. It had something to do with the Constitution of the United +States, and Grandfather Morton said it "was too political altogether"; +but Billy silently determined that at last he would make himself heard. +He read several things in order to get his mind ready, especially the +_Life of Benjamin Franklin_ and _Captain Cook's Voyages_. + +He could not see just how they helped him, but he knew that was the way +to do it. Then he practiced his speech, too, in the garret, and up in +the pasture lot, and out in the barn, where he was sure nobody could +hear him, and the night before the debate was to be he hardly slept a +wink. + +He knew Grandfather Morton and all the family would be there; and they +had scared him out of making more than half a dozen speeches before, but +he made up his mind not to be afraid of them this time. Speak he would! + +He was careful about his dress, as every public speaker should be, and +succeeded in borrowing one of his father's standing collars. It was +dreadfully stiff with starch, but it would not hurt his ears if he held +his head straight. + +When he got to the Lyceum Hall it seemed to him to have grown a good +deal since the week before, and to have a greater multitude of men and +women in it than he had ever dreamed of. + +It was warm, too, and grew warmer very fast, and he wondered why the +rest did not take off their overcoats. Perhaps they would have done so +if they had known Billy was going to address them. + +He knew who was to open the debate on both sides, for that was always +arranged beforehand, and his chance would come afterward. + +He listened to them, and could not help thinking how much better they +must feel when their speeches were all spoken. He knew very well what a +troublesome thing a speech was to keep in, and without any cork. + +Billy thought he had never known men to talk so long as they did--two +young lawyers, three young doctors, the tutor of the village academy, +the sub-editor of the _Weekly Bugle_, Squire Toms's son that was almost +ready to go to college, and the tall young man with red hair who had +just opened the new drug store. + +That was the man who did Billy the most harm, for his argument was +nothing in the wide world but a string of quotations from Daniel +Webster. He called him the Great Expounder, and a great statesman, and a +number of other names, and wound up by asserting that the opinion of +such a great man as that settled the matter. There was a good deal of +applause given to the red-headed young man as he was sitting down, and +Billy took advantage of it; that is, before he knew exactly what he was +doing, he was on his feet, and shouted, "Mr. President!--ladies and +gentlemen--" + +"Mr. Morton has the floor," remarked the president, very dignifiedly; +and Billy, as he afterward said of himself, "was pinned." + +There was no escape for him now, and when Grandfather Morton pounded +with his cane, and shouted, "Platform!" dozens of other people took it +up, and it was "Platform!" "Platform!" "Platform!" all over the hall. He +knew what it meant. All the favorite speakers were sent forward in that +way, and it was a great compliment; but Billy thought he must have +walked forty miles, from the tired feeling in his legs, when he got +there. Oh, how hot that room was just then, and what a dreadful thing it +was to have a crowd like that suddenly begin to keep still! They must +have been holding their breaths. + +Billy knew his speech was in him, for it had been swelling and swelling +while the others were speaking, but he could not quite get any of it +very close to his mouth at that trying moment. + +Stiller and stiller grew the hall, and Billy had a dim notion that it +was beginning to turn around. + +"Mr. President, ladies, and gentlemen--" + +He heard some of the boys over by the window crack some pea-nuts and +giggle. + +"--I don't care a cent for Daniel Webster--" + +Billy paused, and was hunting desperately for the next word; but +Grandfather Morton had voted against Mr. Webster a good many times, and +down came the old gentleman's cane on the floor. + +That was the signal for a storm of applause all over the hall; but Billy +groped in every corner of his mind in vain for the rest of his speech. +Whether he had left it in the garret or the barn, or up in the pasture +lot, it was gone; and when the stamping and clapping stopped, and the +audience began to listen again, there was nothing more for them to hear. + +It was so terribly hot in that hall; and it grew all the more like the +Fourth of July, or a baker's oven, all the way to his seat, after Billy +gave the matter up, and walked down from the platform. + +But how they did cheer then! + +The boys did their best, and even the ladies seemed to be shouting. + +"Did I say anything so good as all that?" thought Billy. + +But at the end of the debate, which came very soon after Billy's effort, +Grandfather Morton shook hands with him very proudly; and it was the +president of the society--and he had been a member of the +Legislature--who came up just then, and said, + +"Capital speech of yours, Mr. Morton. Best thing of the evening." + +"Good, wasn't it?" said Billy's grandfather. "Laid that red-headed +poison peddler as flat as a pancake." + +"Best speech I ever heard in this hall, Mr. Morton; it was so splendidly +short." + +But Billy kept thinking, all the way home, "What would he have said if I +hadn't forgot the rest of it?" + +That was years ago, and Billy is a great lawyer now; but he says he has +never forgotten what it was that made his first speech so very good. + + + + +THE CZAR'S FISH. + +BY DAVID KER. + + +One fine July morning, a few years ago, there was a great stir among the +villagers of Pavlovo, on the Lower Volga, for the news had got abroad +that the Czar was coming down the river, on his way to his Summer Palace +in the Crimea. So, of course, every one was on the look-out for him; for +the Russian peasants of the Volga are a very loyal set, and many old men +and women among them, who have never been out of their native village +before, will tramp for miles over those great, bare, dusty plains on the +chance of catching a passing glimpse of "Alexander Nikolaievitch" +(Alexander the son of Nicholas), as they call the Czar. + +Among those who talked over the great news most eagerly were the family +of an old fisherman, who was known as "Lucky Michael," on account of his +success in catching the finest fish, although hard work and experience +had probably much more to do with it than any "luck." + +But of late "Lucky Michael" had been very _un_lucky indeed. His wife had +been ill, to begin with; and one of his two sons (who helped him with +his fishing) had been disabled for several weeks by a bad hurt in his +arm. Moreover, his boat was getting so crazy and worn out that it seemed +wonderful how it kept afloat at all; but the news of the Czar's coming +seemed to comfort him for everything. + +"If Father Alexander Nikolaievitch would only give us money enough to +buy a new boat!" said old Praskovia, Michael's wife, as she put away +what was left of the huge black loaf that had served for breakfast; "but +I suppose it wouldn't do to ask him." + +"Of course not!" said Michael, who was an independent old fellow; "he's +done quite enough for us already, in making us freemen, when we were all +slaves before.[3] Now, then, let's get to work. Come, Stepan [Stephen], +come, Ivan [John], and let us see what God will send us." + +But at first the luck seemed to be still against them, for they drew +their net twice without catching anything. The third time, however, the +net felt unusually heavy, and there was such a tugging and kicking +inside of it that it was plain they had caught a pretty big fish of some +kind. John, who was the first to look in, gave a loud hurrah, and +shouted, "Father! father!--a sturgeon! a sturgeon!" + +There, sure enough, lay the great fish amid a crowd of smaller ones, in +all the pride of its spiky back, and smooth, brown, scaleless skin. All +three rejoiced at the sight, for a sturgeon will always fetch a good +price in Russia, and the two lads began to think at once how far this +would go toward paying for a new boat. + +They fished some time longer, and made one or two pretty good hauls; but +the sturgeon was the great event of the day. John and Stephen wrapped it +up carefully, and were quite proud to show it to their mother on getting +home; but they looked rather blank at hearing their father say, in a way +which showed that he meant it, + +"This is the finest fish I've ever caught, and I won't sell it to any +one. It's a Czar among fish, just like Alexander Nikolaievitch among us; +so it shall be _his_ fish, and I'll give it to him as he passes." + +The news of Michael's fish, and of what he meant to do with it, soon +spread through the village, and created considerable excitement. But +there was not much time to talk it over, for, two days later, young +Stephen, who had been sent to look out for the Czar's steamer, came +running to say that it was in sight. So Michael put his sturgeon into +the boat, and away they pulled. It was a hard pull against that strong +current, but at last they got near enough to hail the steamer and be +taken in tow. + +Up went Michael, fish and all, and the captain led him aft to where the +Czar and his officers were standing. Many of them were handsome, +stalwart men, all ablaze with lace and embroidery; but the old +fisherman, with his tall, upright figure, clear bright eye, and hale old +face framed in snow-white hair, looked, despite his rough dress, as fine +a man as any of them. + +"See here, father," said he, "this is the finest fish I ever caught, and +so I've kept it for _you_. I want nothing for it; take it as a free +gift." + +"Thank you, brother," said the Czar; "it's a royal fish, indeed, and +I'll have it for dinner this very day, and drink your health over it. +What's your name?" + +"Michael Ribakoff, father, from the village of Pavlovo." + +"Good--I won't forget you. Good-by!" + +When the villagers heard what had happened, they all thought Michael +rather a fool for giving his fish away, when the Czar would have paid a +good price for it. But a week later came a fine new fishing-boat for +"Michael Ribakoff," in the stern locker of which were a complete suit of +fisherman's clothes and a new net, with a piece of paper inscribed, in +the Czar's own handwriting, "_A midsummer gift from Alexander +Nikolaievitch._" And old Michael always said that he valued the paper +far more than the boat. + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[3] Here Michael must be corrected. Of the forty-nine millions of +Russian peasants, only twenty-three millions were actually serfs. + + + + +THE HERMIT AND THE ROBBERS. + + +A gentle hermit, one day, proceeding on his way through a vast forest, +chanced to discover a large cave nearly hidden under-ground. Being much +fatigued, he entered to repose himself awhile; and observing something +shining in the distance, he approached, and found it was a heap of gold. +At the sight he turned away, and hastening through the forest again as +fast as possible, had the misfortune to fall into the hands of three +fierce robbers. They asked from whom he fled, and he answered, "I am +flying from Death, who is urging me sorely behind." + +The robbers, not perceiving any one, cried out, "Show us where he is." +The hermit replied, "Follow me," and proceeded toward the grotto. He +there pointed out to them the fatal place, beseeching them at the same +time to abstain from looking at it. But the thieves, seizing upon the +treasure, began to rejoice exceedingly. They afterward permitted the +good man to proceed on his way, amusing themselves by ridiculing his +strange conduct. At length they began to consider what they should do +with the gold. One of them observed, "We ought not to leave the place +without taking this treasure with us." + +"No," replied another, "we had better not do so; but let one of us take +a small portion, and set out to buy wine and meat in the city, besides +many other things we are in need of;" and to this the other two +consented. + +Now the evil spirit, which is always busy on these occasions, directly +began to tempt the robber who was to go into the city. "As soon," +whispered the bad spirit to him, "as I shall have reached the city, I +will eat and drink of the best of everything as much as I please, and +then purchase what I want. Afterward I will mix with the food intended +for my companions something which I trust will settle their account, +thus becoming sole master of the whole of the treasure, which will make +me one of the richest men in this part of the world;" and as he purposed +to do, so he did. + +He carried the poisoned food to his companions, who, on their part, +while he had been away, had come to the conclusion of killing him on his +return, in order that they might divide the money among themselves, +saying, "Let us fall upon him the moment he comes, and afterward eat +what he has brought, and divide the money between us in much larger +shares than before." + +The robber who had been into the city now returned with the articles he +had bought, and was immediately killed. The others then began to feast +upon the provisions prepared for them, and were seized with violent +pains, and soon died. In this manner all three fell victims to each +other's avarice and cruelty, without obtaining their ill-gotten wealth. + + + + +[Illustration: CARNIVOROUS OCEAN PLANTS.] + +ANIMAL-PLANTS. + + +The aquarium presents a field for delightful and ever-varying study, as +its inhabitants belong to the most curious and interesting of ocean and +fresh-water creatures. Fishes alone are well worthy of close +observation; and when to these are added odd little reptiles, queer +shell-fish, and different classes of the wonderful zoophytes, an +aquarium presents a constantly changing picture of the marvels of ocean +life. + +The zoophytes are the most remarkable of all marine creatures. The name +zoophyte comes from two Greek words--_zoön_, an animal, and _phyton_, a +plant--and therefore has the literal signification of animal-plant. + +An important member of the zoophyte family, and one often introduced +into aquaria, is the actinia, or sea-anemone, sometimes called sea-rose. +Sea-anemones were for a long time considered as vegetables, beautiful +and gayly colored flowers of the ocean, and only comparatively recent +investigation has discovered them to be animals, and blood-thirsty, +voracious little robbers and murderers of the worst character. + +One of the most common among the many varieties of sea-anemones is the +_Actinia mesembryanthemum_. The polypus-hunter who finds this living +flower clinging to sea-coast rocks, and bears it home as an addition to +his aquarium, unless he is already acquainted with the nature of his +prize, will behold with astonishment and delight the wondrous variations +in the appearance of this little creature. Clinging to the rocks, the +anemone probably appeared like a round leathery bag drawn in at the +centre; but when placed on the miniature cliffs of the aquarium, a +wondrous transformation takes place. The bag gradually expands, a mouth +appears in the centre, and from it unfold a multitude of petals of a +variety of colors--pale scarlet, blood-red, orange, and white--which +wave gently back and forth like a graceful nodding flower. Now drop a +small earth-worm or tiny fish in the water. The instant it touches the +least of these petal-like tentacles the whole flower is in commotion, +all the arms reaching toward the struggling victim, and holding it in a +grasp so firm that escape is impossible, and it is soon drawn into the +capacious and hungry stomach. Every animated thing that comes within +reach of the tentacles of the anemone is mercilessly seized and +devoured. Even small mollusks and Crustacea are unable to resist the +power of the grasping threads, and crabs are often conquered and +swallowed by this voracious living flower. For this reason sea-anemones +are dangerous inhabitants of an aquarium stocked with creatures having +the power of locomotion, and are best placed in a tank with other +zoophytes like themselves. How often they eat when free in their natural +element is unknown, but weekly feeding is said to be sufficient to +sustain them in an aquarium. Small bits of meat are acceptable food, +which can be dropped into the water. The instant a descending morsel +touches the petals, or tentacles, of a hungry anemone, it is eagerly +seized and drawn into the open, greedy mouth. The _Actinia +mesembryanthemum_ is a very long-lived creature, and certain specimens +are reported to have lived over twenty years in aquaria in England. + +There are many varieties of sea-anemones, and although all possess the +same distinguishing characteristics, they vary in the form and color of +the open flower. The _Actinia gemmacia_, which is like a gorgeous +sunflower, is said to be the most voracious of its kind. An English +naturalist describes a specimen which swallowed a shell as large as a +saucer, its own diameter not being over two inches. Its elastic stomach +extended sufficiently to receive this enormous prey; but as the shell +completely separated the upper half of the animal from the lower, a new +mouth began immediately to form, through which to convey nourishment to +the lower portion, thus presenting the curious spectacle of a +double-headed monster in miniature. So remarkable are the anemones in +their reproductive power, that if the tentacles are injured or broken +off, new ones immediately form, and if the animal be cut in two, new +mouths form, and soon two perfect animals are waving their graceful +tentacles to and fro in the water. + +The locomotive power of the anemone, or actinia, is very sluggish. It +will remain days and weeks in the same spot, and it moves only by +sliding one edge of its base very slowly along the object to which it is +fastened, and drawing the other after it. It can therefore never pursue +its food, and appears to have no sense except that of touch, as a worm +or shiner may float in the water all about the anemone without causing +it the slightest agitation; but if the tiniest tip of one of its +tentacles be touched, or brushed even, the whole creature is alive in an +instant, and grasping for its prey. In the centre of the illustration +are two specimens of this animal-plant, the wondrous flesh-eating flower +of the ocean. To the left may be seen a specimen of the _Eledone +moschata_--a small and very common member of the octopus family. The +eledone is a hideous-looking beast. Its small eyes, which it can open +and shut at will, are glistening, and of changing iris. Its long arms +are strong enough to grasp a mussel shell, and hold it firmly until its +contents are devoured. At the least touch a dark color instantly appears +spread over the whole body of this curious creature, and dark prickly +spines arise, which impart a stinging sensation when handled, like the +anemone and sea-nettle. + +The two odd-looking things in the background of the engraving are +specimens of the limulus, or arrow-tailed crab. The upper side of the +limulus is covered with two smooth overlapping shields, in which are two +tiny eyes. Armed with six pairs of nippers, the limulus often fights its +companions in the aquarium, and boldly engages in battle with the +eledone, which, with its long arms, is more than a match for the +pugilistic crab, whose retreat and utter discomfiture generally end the +battle, for, thrown on its back, it can with difficulty right itself. If +a limulus and eledone be confined in the same tank, almost daily must +the former be rescued from the arms of the latter. + +The palm-like creature to the right of the picture is a _Spirographis_, +or tube-worm. This savage little beast lives in a tube formed of +particles of lime or grains of sand, and stretches its gill-like threads +upward, in search of food, in the form of a spiral wreath. It is very +sensitive, and at the least touch on the surface of the water, or on the +walls of the tank, the threads are instantly withdrawn into the tube. + +In the background may be seen the waving, bell-like _Medusa aurita_, +armed with prickly threads. It belongs to the jelly-fish family, and +loves to lie near the surface of the water, but it is with great +difficulty kept alive in an aquarium. When it dies, it dissolves itself +into the watery element of which it is so largely composed, and its +fairy-like skin can scarcely be discovered in the tank. + + + + +[Illustration: A VISIT TO THE OLD HOME.] + + + + +EASY BOTANY. + +APRIL. + + +Now it is April, and the time has come to explore the woods and wilds. + +Let us hasten to welcome the first blossom, so delicate and yet daring +to face the uncertain sky of early spring. + +Happy are they who live in the country, who have the freedom of rural +roads, rocky banks, wooded hills, and smiling meadows! The young +botanical student can not expect to become acquainted with all the wild +plants in his vicinity in one summer, nor is this desirable; the pursuit +will last for a lifetime, becoming more and more enchanting. But every +one can make a pretty collection; and if, in addition to studying out +the flowers, and keeping an accurate list of them, and pressing some of +the most interesting, the young student will learn to draw with pen or +pencil a few of the most simple and graceful, the pleasure will be +greatly increased. A great deal of information might be given on +botanical subjects, but in this brief article little more can be done +than to mention the names of those plants which may be looked for during +the month, and the localities they choose. Most of the flowers mentioned +are found from Maine to Florida, and West and South as well, though some +that are abundant in the Middle estates and on Western prairies avoid +the chills of New England. The wild flowers delight in the +semi-seclusion of pastures and meadows, and spring up along the lines of +old fences in fields and on the hills and in the dim woods. + +Among the earliest come the anemones, and one of the prettiest of these +is the _wood-anemone_, or wind-flower. It grows from six to eight inches +high, beside old stumps in the moist woodlands; the stem is smooth, and +on the top nods a single flower, drooping, graceful, softly white, and +shaded on the outside with pinkish-purple. Another of the same family, +the _rue-anemone_, has a central blossom, pretty large, which is +surrounded by a row of little buds and blossoms, which has given it the +name of hen-and-chickens. + +[Illustration: HEPATICA.] + +Another delightful April flower is the _hepatica_, growing sometimes in +New England woods, but abundantly in the Middle States. This charming +little plant is fond of the loveliest shades of deepest blue, fading +into the palest purple and white, and on the Orange mountains, in New +Jersey, are clumps of the most beautiful rose-color. The hepatica grows +finely if transplanted. + +[Illustration: DRABA VERNA.] + +Do not fail to find the snow-white bud of the _bloodroot_, which comes +up wrapped in a charming little green cloak, and also the smallest of +all the floral tribe, the _Draba verna_, with atoms of white flowers, +and stems only an inch or two high. Some plants that may be easily found +are: + + Wood-anemone, margins of fields; New England. + Rue-anemone, same localities; New England. + Hepatica, woody hill-sides; Middle States. + Bloodroot, rich open woods; New England. + Blue violet, fields, meadows, hills; everywhere. + Draba verna, sandy fields and road-sides. + Spring beauty, moist open woods; New Jersey, South. + Wild geranium, open woods and fields; New England. + Erigenia, damp soil; New York, Pennsylvania. + Quaker ladies, road-sides, fields; everywhere. + Dandelion, road-sides, fields; everywhere. + Azalea, New England woods and elsewhere. + Benzoin--spice-bush--damp woods; New Jersey, Pennsylvania. + American mistletoe, New Jersey and South. + + + + +TWO ANCIENT FAMILIES. + +A PAPER READ BEFORE THE "LITTLE LITERATI" BY MOTHER. + + +I fear I appear before you but illy prepared for the evening duties, as, +mother-like, my week has been full of cares--unusually so. Being left to +choose my own subject, I thought to speak briefly of a worthy but almost +extinct family, or, indeed, I should say two families. + +Many grown persons persist in declaring that the families have passed +entirely out of existence, but I find there are a few of them to be +found still on the rugged mountain-sides, on the plains, and down in the +deep green valleys. Little children know them best, as they seem to be +modest, retiring families, seldom or never intruding themselves on the +notice of others. I conjecture, from the freedom with which little +children use their names, that they must be a kindly, simple people. My +little Mary, or Minnie, tells me almost every day of little Johnnie He +or little Sallie She, and in my mind's eye I see little Johnnie He +coming through his father's gate on his way to school--a plump, +rosy-cheeked little fellow in white pants and blouse. + + Most amiable and fair he looks, + That little Johnnie He, + While following close behind his heels + Is little Sallie She. + With flaxen curls and laughing eyes, + This little girl we greet, + Exclaim, "How fair is Johnnie He! + And Sallie She, how sweet!" + +Very little is known of the ancestors of these simple people who dwell +among the hills. It is believed they were a worthy, renowned family in +their day and generation; but, alas! history has given us all too little +of them. It is known that they were born hundreds of years ago, living +bright and useful lives in the earliest ages of civilization. History +speaks freely of one who may have been the great-great-grandfather of +the present Hes (much less is known of the Shes), and while speaking of +him forgets not to take his travelling artist along to sketch him. This +noble ancestor is Mr. Zaccheus He, and he is in the act of performing +the feat that saves his name from utter oblivion. The deed is made +doubly impressive by the travelling artist sketching the same. The poet +too lends his sublime aid to render the act one never to be forgotten. +In the present age of the world, many parents, from some deep-seated +prejudice, strive to blot out this unpretending family entirely; but +little children with tearful eyes bring the Historian, the Artist, and +the Poet at once to the rescue, exclaiming, "Then why does the book say, + + "Zaccheus He + Did climb the tree?'" + + + + +CHIN-FAN, THE CANTON BOAT-BOY. + +BY THOMAS W. KNOX. + + +How many readers of HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE are aware that in China, on +the other side of the world, there are thousands and thousands of boys +and girls that live in boats? There is a great city in China called +Canton, and at this city there is a river which is so crowded with boats +that it is not easy to get around among them. They are not large boats +like the great steamers on American rivers, and they do not have +comfortable rooms where you can sleep as well as in a bed on shore. Some +of them are so small that they can only hold three or four persons, and +there is no space for walking around; but these three or four must live +there from day to day and from week to week, and if they ever go on +shore at all, it is only for a few minutes at a time. A whole family +will often be found living on a boat which we would hardly think large +enough to cross in from one side of the Hudson River to the other. They +cook and eat and sleep on the boat, and they manage to earn a little +money by carrying passengers over the river, or doing other work. The +kitchen where they do their cooking is only a little heap of coals that +a man might put in his hat, and it rests on a box of sand about a foot +square. When there are any passengers on board, they sit under an awning +in the front part of the boat, and the children are kept in a sort of +well, like a dry-goods box, near the stern, but at other times they can +run or creep about the deck. The smaller children are secured by means +of cords tied around their waists, so as to save them in case they fall +overboard. Sometimes the cord that holds a baby is fastened to the side +of the boat, and sometimes it is tied to a stick of wood that serves as +a float to keep him from sinking. The latter mode is generally +preferred, as the baby has more freedom, and can drag himself along the +deck where he likes. It is very common to see infants crawling around in +this way, and it is surprising how soon they learn to keep out of +danger. A Chinese child has only to fall overboard once or twice to make +up his mind to keep away from the side of the boat as much as possible. + +One day a baby was creeping around the deck of one of these Canton +boats, and wondering how he should amuse himself. He looked over the +side, and as the sun was shining, and reflecting his face in the water, +he thought he discovered a new baby that would be a nice playmate for +him. His mother was in the forward part of the boat, and busy at the +oars, and his father was working on a ship that lay in the harbor. So +this baby, whose name was Chin-Fan, was quite alone, and could do as he +pleased. He felt lonesome, and when he saw the strange child in the +water, he smiled at him, and wanted to make his acquaintance. The +strange baby smiled in reply; and then Chin-Fan held out his chubby +little hand to lift him out of the water. Of course the other one held +up a hand to meet him, but he could not reach far enough. Then Chin-Fan +reached down, while the stranger reached up, and pretty soon Chin-Fan +lost his balance, and tumbled into the water. + +Wasn't he in a dangerous place? His mother did not know what had +happened, and she kept on rowing the boat right away from where the poor +little fellow was struggling and trying to keep from being drowned. An +American baby would have screamed and sunk, but Chin-Fan was not +American, and so he did nothing of the sort. He dropped all thoughts of +the strange baby, and considered nobody but himself; he managed to get +hold of the billet of wood to which his cord was fastened, and by +holding on firmly he kept his head out of water. The current of the +river carried him along, and very luckily it carried him to where a ship +was anchored, with her great cable sloping down the stream. He struck +against this cable, and as he did so, he let go of the billet, so that +it went one side of the cable, while Chin-Fan went the other. Then he +took hold of the cable with both his chubby hands, and next he screamed +as loud as his little lungs would let him. + +A sailor on the bow of the ship heard the scream, and was not long in +finding that it came from the cable. Chin-Fan kept it up until he was +rescued, and just about the time he was taken on board the ship he was +missed by his mother. She came paddling down the river in search of him, +and shouted to everybody she met that her baby was missing. The sailor +held little Chin-Fan up so that she could see him, and in a very short +time he was back in his place on the deck of the boat. + +For a good while after that incident Chin-Fan kept at a respectful +distance from the side of the boat, and he did not show any desire to +make the acquaintance of strange babies in the water. His mother taught +him how to swim, and he became a boatman at Canton, and afterward he was +a sailor on one of the great steamers that run between San Francisco and +China. He did a great many brave things in and on the water, and his +mother was very proud of him; she said she always knew he would be a +famous sailor, when he showed so much good sense and coolness at the +time of his first plunge. + + + + +THE STORY OF GEORGE WASHINGTON. + +BY EDWARD CARY. + + +CHAPTER I. + +One hundred and fifty years ago a sturdy, hard-working farmer lived near +the southern bank of the Potomac River, in what was then the English +colony of Virginia. On the 22d day of February, 1732, a son was born in +the modest farm-house, who afterward came to be the most famous, and one +of the noblest, of Americans. His name was George Washington. He grew up +a healthy, hardy boy, quiet in his ways, fond of study, and still more +fond of out-door sport. His playmates loved him because he was fair and +generous, and looked up to him as a leader, because he had a way of +doing what he set out to do. + +George's father died when he was only eleven years old, but his mother +proved a good care-taker for him. She was a bright-minded woman, gentle +but firm, and George always loved her dearly. + +At the age of seventeen he began to earn his own living as a surveyor. +It was no light work in those days, for the country where he had most to +do was in the backwoods. Many a day he trudged through the forest from +dawn to sunset, and lay down at night with nothing but a blanket between +him and the stormy sky. But he was faithful and careful, and got plenty +of work. + +[Illustration: BIRTH-PLACE OF WASHINGTON.] + +From early boyhood Washington had a strong liking for a soldier's life. +He used to train his school-mates as soldiers, was an eager student of +drill and tactics, expert in the use of the sword, and a skillful +horseman. At that time the Indians swarmed through the forest in the +back country, and were often urged on by the French (who claimed the +Ohio and Mississippi valleys as their own) to attack the whites. So the +colony of Virginia had to keep a good many men under arms to protect the +homes and the lives of the people. When Washington was about twenty-two +years old he became a Major in this little army, and devoted a great +deal of time and hard work to training his men. + +In 1755 the French and Indians became so troublesome that quite a large +army was sent over from England to clear the borders of them. General +Braddock was at their head, and he asked Washington to go with him, with +the rank of Colonel, as one of his aides; that is, to be always with +him, and help him with advice, or in carrying orders, and in any way he +could. The gallant young officer was glad to go. The English General did +not know much about fighting in the woods, and his slow and stately +march toward the Ohio did not suit Washington's ideas, for he knew that +nothing could be done against the French unless it was done swiftly. + +When the army neared the French fort, at what is now Pittsburgh, +Washington, who was on his back in an ambulance, sick with fever, +insisted on going to the front, for he knew there would soon be +fighting, and hard fighting, too. The fighting began before it was +looked for. The British troops crossed the Monongahela River, and +marched up a wooded hollow toward the French fort. As they swept up the +hollow in close ranks, with gay red uniforms and gleaming arms, there +suddenly blazed upon them, from unseen guns on every side, a murderous +fire, before which they shrank quickly back. Startled, but not cowed, +their officers rallied them again and again; but they could not see the +enemies whose fire was mowing them down, and they slowly and in great +disorder tried to get back across the river. + +General Braddock was mortally wounded. More than half the army were +killed or wounded. Colonel Washington behaved "with the greatest courage +and resolution." He rode from point to point carrying orders, and seemed +reckless of death. "I had four bullets through my coat," he wrote to his +brother, "and two horses shot under me, yet I escaped unhurt, although +death was levelling my companions on every side of me." + +Fifteen years later an old Indian, who was in the fight on the French +side, told him that he had fired at him many times, and ordered his +young warriors to do so. None of the shots hit, and the Indians, +thinking the young officer was under the special care of the Great +Spirit, ceased to fire at him. + +After this battle, Colonel Washington was kept in bed for four long +months with a fever, which was made worse by his exposure on the +battle-field. He had little more hard fighting to do, but he learned +many a good lesson from the war--especially to rely on himself, and to +study his own way out of any troubles that he met. His fame went, too, +to the other colonies, and the young Colonel of Militia was becoming +known as a man on whose courage and faithfulness and sound good sense it +would do for his country to lean in time of trial. + +[TO BE CONTINUED.] + + + + +PUCK AND BLOSSOM. + +From the German of Marie Von Olfers. + + +PART I. + +Once upon a time Puck and his little sister Blossom lived together in a +great big egg. + +"It's too close in here," said Puck: "let's go and see how it looks +outside." Bang! went his head, right through the wall. + +[Illustration] + +Outside it was raining, so he drew back his head in a hurry; but the +rain came pattering in after him. "Oh, my doodness!" moaned Blossom, "is +_that_ how it is outside? Now we shall det wet to the skin." + +"Come," said Puck, "let's go find us another house; it'll be better +by-and-by." + +[Illustration] + +So they went, and they went, till they came to old Mother Bee, who lived +with her children in the leafy house of the linden-tree. + +[Illustration] + +"Oh, come in," said she; "but you must sit quite still, or else my +children will sting you. As for me, I must go and gather honey." + +[Illustration] + +For a little while they sat quite still. "Sister Blossom," said Puck, +"it's too close in here. I must go see where they keep the honey." He +was starting off that very minute, but all the Bee children flew up in +such a rage, and fastened themselves upon Puck and Blossom, that they +got away, they hardly knew how. + +"I didn't even det a taste of their old honey, and I'm all stung up," +sobbed Blossom. + +"Never mind," said Puck, comfortingly, "it'll be better by-and-by." + +On the meadow whom should they meet but Master Stork. "Oh, take us with +you up to your nest!" cried Puck. Master Longlegs, being quite willing, +quickly snatched up the children in his long bill, and set them down in +his nest. + +[Illustration] + +"Sit still," said he, "then you'll have plenty of room." + +[Illustration] + +For a little while they sat quite still. "Sister Blossom," said Puck, +"it's too close in here. I've seen young storks fly. I know how they do +it; I can do it too. Come, now, you do just what I do." He spread his +little arms, she spread her little arms, and-- + +[Illustration] + +Thump!--they lay on the ground. + +[TO BE CONTINUED.] + + + + +[Illustration: OUR POST-OFFICE BOX.] + + + MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN. + + I have subscribed for YOUNG PEOPLE for a year. When I have read + it, I send it to my cousins in England. We are going there in + June, to stay at my grandfather's house. I shall be eight years + old on the 25th of March, and I have been across the ocean six + times. I will write when I am in England, and tell you about the + beautiful things I shall see there. Grandma has some rabbits + waiting for me. There is a pond there, with ducks, and Chinese + geese, and swans, and all kinds of fowls. + + JOHN MACC. + + * * * * * + + MUSKOGEE, INDIAN TERRITORY. + + I am nine years old. We live on a hill. There are many hills here + just like it, and the people here call them mounds. They are + shaped very queer. They rise straight up on one side. There are + rocks on some, and on others trees. We have two ponies, and when + we go hunting, they let me ride on one of them. When they shoot + anything, I go and bring it back to the buggy. + + EVA S. T. + + * * * * * + + JEFFERSON BARRACKS, MAINE. + + I am a poor boy. I lived with an officer here, and I was so fond + of reading the daily papers and other things that his wife kindly + subscribed for YOUNG PEOPLE for me, and I like it very much. I + live in the woods, and I caught nineteen wild rabbits this winter + in traps. I tried to tame some of them, but I could not. I wish + you would tell me how to tame them. + + JOSEPH D. + +Have any of our correspondents had experience in taming wild rabbits? + + * * * * * + + GRAHAMVILLE, OKLAWAHA RIVER, FLORIDA. + + I am a little boy eight years old, and a subscriber to YOUNG + PEOPLE. I made the money myself that paid for the subscription. I + live away down in Florida, and during the winter months I sell + flowers and curiosities to the Northern visitors. I have made + twenty dollars this season. I don't go to school now, but my mamma + and papa teach me at home. I have a handsome scroll-saw, and can + make nice brackets. I had a shepherd dog, but it died. I want to + take YOUNG PEOPLE till I am a grown-up man. + + TURNER E. + + * * * * * + + DAVENPORT, IOWA. + + I want to tell you something about myself. My papa was an + American. When he was young, he went to Florence, Italy. There he + met my mamma, who was an Italian lady, and married her. I was born + in Florence. When I was five years old we moved to Spain. Then I + learned the Spanish language. Papa taught me to speak English. We + staid in Spain one year, and then moved to America, and came out + here. We had not been here long when mamma--poor dear + mamma!--died. Then papa went back to Italy, and left me with Aunt + Esther. He died while he was there, and now I am an orphan. I am + eleven years old, and I can speak and write Italian, French, + Spanish, and English, and I am studying German now. I want to be + an artist some day, and go back to Italy, and make my name + renowned. A friend here gives me YOUNG PEOPLE, and I like it so + much! Please put some nice pictures in it for me to draw. + + AURORA. + + * * * * * + + DANVILLE, ILLINOIS. + + Some little girls--my cousins Nellie and Fannie, Clara Hessey, + Nellie Woods, and Kittie Short--are going to have a cooking club, + and I wish some other little girls would send some receipts. My + cousin Nellie sends you a letter too. + + PUSS H. + + Here is a receipt for sugar-candy that some little girl may like + to try: Two table-spoonfuls vinegar; four table-spoonfuls water; + six table-spoonfuls sugar (brown is best). Boil twenty minutes, + and pour into a buttered plate. I think the Spanish Dancer was + very pretty. + + NELLIE H. + + * * * * * + + FORT SMITH, ARKANSAS. + + I am a reader of YOUNG PEOPLE. I live on the border of the Indian + country, and I see plenty of Indians when they come to town to + trade. I went to the United States jail not long ago, and I saw + about fifty prisoners. Some of them were white, some Indians, and + some negroes. They were all together. I felt so sorry for them. I + am ten years old, and I go to school. + + CARL C. M. + + * * * * * + + FORT PLAIN, NEW YORK. + + My uncle has come home from India, and brought my brother and + myself a beautiful bow, quiver, and arrows. The bow and arrows are + made of black cocoa-nut wood, and have ivory tips. The arrows have + pointed ends, and colored feathers on the head. The target is + three feet high, and has an ivory heart in the middle. In the + centre of the heart there is a hole. We have a club of girls and + boys, and the one that shoots his arrow in the hole gets a prize. + The next prize to be given is an upright writing-case. We only + shoot once a week for the prize, but we can shoot other times as + much as we wish. Charlie Clark got the prize a month ago. It was a + pair of skates. We live in Chicago, and are going home in May. We + are visiting my grandma now. + + PEARL F. S. + + * * * * * + + FORT WARREN, BOSTON. + + I have a pet Newfoundland dog about three months old. I am + teaching him to "fetch and carry." He is very intelligent, and + learns very quickly. Every morning he waits at the door of our + quarters for my papa, and when papa goes to his office he carries + his papers for him. He looks so much like a young bear that we + call him Oso, which is Spanish for bear. I am ten years old, and I + live on an island in Boston Harbor. + + MARY B. R. + + * * * * * + + SYRACUSE, NEW YORK. + + I want to tell you about a baby bear I saw yesterday. A man had it + in a store. He brought it from the North Woods. It was so gentle + that mamma held it in her hands, and I took hold of its little + paw. We have two canaries, named Dick and Daisy. Daisy has made + her nest, and there are two pretty little blue eggs in it. If we + should have any little birds by-and-by, I will write and tell you + about them. + + ETHEL M. L. (6 years). + + * * * * * + + SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA. + + I am nine years old. I found the answer to the Geographical Double + Acrostic in No. 18. "Sadie," the little girl who made it, is three + years older than I am, but I have studied geography the last two + years, and I think I can find out any geographical puzzle she can + make. Ask her to try again, please. + + MAUD T. K. + + * * * * * + + MUNICH, GERMANY. + + I am a little girl six years old, and my name is Meta, but my + sisters call me Peter. My thirteen dolls have all funny names. My + rubber boy doll is Moses in the Bulrushes. My big rubber doll is + Pharaoh's Daughter. I live in Germany, and am learning German. I + hope next year to go back to America, and I shall be glad to see + all my friends again. I have two gold-fishes, and I feed them with + fish food. Papa bought me a microscope to look at bugs with. I am + tired, so I will stop. + + META F. + + * * * * * + + SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS, _March 25, 1880_. + + I wrote you last November, and told you I was lame, and confined + to the house. I am in the house still, but better. I have a + gentleman friend who comes to see me every other day, and last + week he brought me a plant which he got in the woods, called + hepatica, and it is now on my window, in bloom. It is sometimes + called liverwort. [Hepatica is a Latin word, and signifies + pertaining to the liver.] The willow "pussies" have been out here + two weeks. As I can not go out and enjoy sports like other boys, I + amuse myself by reading, and I enjoy HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE and + WEEKLY very much. I fare pretty well for a sick boy, for I take + five different periodicals. + + HORACE F. H. + + * * * * * + + ORANGE, NEW JERSEY. + + I thought some of the young readers might like to hear about our + alligator. It is about nine inches long, from its tail to its + nose. It came from Florida last month. We keep it in a tub. It + would not eat much, but we feed it by tapping it on the nose, and + putting a small piece of meat on its tongue with a stick. + + J. O. U., JUN. + +You would better give your alligator a piece of board to crawl up on, +for it will die if compelled to remain constantly in the water. + + * * * * * + + MELROSE, MASSACHUSETTS. + + I found a caterpillar when I was going to school one morning last + fall. When I came back, I brought it home with me. I put it under + a glass globe, and fed it with milkweed leaves for about a week, + and then it changed into a large brown butterfly, with black and + white spots on its wings. We put it on a piece of Brazilian wood, + such as naturalists use, which a lady gave me. The time to find + the caterpillars is in July and August. I am trying to keep a + cabinet. I found willow "pussies" last January. I put the twigs in + a vase of water, and now they have leaves on them about an inch + long. + + ARTHUR L. H. + +Your caterpillar must have passed some time in the chrysalis state +before it became a butterfly. It is very interesting to watch the +process of transformation from a caterpillar to a chrysalis, and nothing +is prettier than the butterfly or moth creeping out of its cell, and +expanding its wings for the first time. + + * * * * * + + CHESTER, NEW JERSEY. + + I like YOUNG PEOPLE very much. Although I am only eight years old, + I can read it all except the hard names you call some of the + animals and plants. But papa explains them to me. I have a Maltese + kitty. A short time ago we moved, and I was afraid I would lose + it. A lady told me to take it to the new house, and rub butter on + its paws. I did so, and kitty spent hours licking off the butter. + It kept it busy until it became used to its new home, and + contented to stay. + + MAMIE B. L. + + * * * * * + + CONCORD, NEW HAMPSHIRE, _March 22, 1880_. + + We are four children, two boys and two girls, living in rather a + lonely place, and YOUNG PEOPLE gives us a great deal of pleasure. + In warm weather we hunt wild flowers and go fishing. There is a + brook near here, where I have caught a good many nice pickerel. My + sister has found trailing arbutus buds, which have blossomed in + the house. + + B. M. + + * * * * * + + NEW HAVEN, VERMONT. + + I shall be eight years old next August. I have a cat named Pet. I + have a little saw-horse and a little saw, and I saw kindling wood + for Grandpa Kent. + + KENT K. + + * * * * * + + DEER RIVER, NEW YORK. + + I have four brothers, and we have lots of fun. We have three + lambs, seven rabbits, a pair of peacocks, and guinea-hens, geese, + doves, ducks, and eleven little pigs. My brother Bert is eleven + years old, and I am nine. + + DE VERE V. + + * * * * * + +C. V. Hess, No. 440 North Seventh Street, Philadelphia, writes that +L. H. N., of Lockport, Illinois, can obtain collections of minerals by +addressing him as above. + + * * * * * + + JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY. + + I take your paper, and nobody is more happy than I when papa + brings it home. Just as soon as my sister comes back, we are going + to get up a sewing society. Do you think it is a good idea? + + "BLUE LIGHT." + +If you intend to devote your time to making clothes for poor little +girls like Biddy O'Dolan, your sewing society is an excellent idea, and +we hope you will carry it out. If you stop to look about you, there are +many poor children within your reach whose lives you can make brighter +and more comfortable. You can not realize the good you can do until you +begin, and see the effects of your work. + + * * * * * + +MILLIE B. S.--The fact that you take YOUNG PEOPLE through a news agent +makes no difference whatever. "Wiggles," puzzles, and other favors from +our young readers all receive the same attention, and are equally +welcome. + + * * * * * + +C. H. W.--Ceres, called Demeter by the Greeks, was the goddess of +agriculture. She was pictured by the ancients holding a torch and sheaf +of corn, a basket filled with flowers at her side, and a garland of +wheat ears interwoven in her hair. Her festival fell on the 19th of +April, the beginning of seed-time. There is a pretty legend that +Persephone, the daughter of Ceres, was stolen by Pluto, who allowed her +to leave his subterranean kingdom only during the period between +spring-time and autumn, and that Ceres, enraged at the theft of her +daughter, refused to bless the earth with fruits and flowers during +those months when she was deprived of Persephone. The name Ceres is +derived from the Sanskrit, and signifies to create. Vulcan, whose Greek +name was Hephæstus, was the son of Jupiter and Juno, and the god of +fire. He was lame and ugly, but was worshipped as the patron of all +craftsmen who worked at the forge. He is represented by ancient artists +as a powerful, bearded man clad in a workman's cap and short blouse, +surrounded by smith's tools. His festival fell on the 23d of August, +when the young men of Athens ran torch races in his honor. You can +obtain answers to your other question by inquiring at the rooms of the +Society, corner of Court and Joralemon streets, Brooklyn. + + * * * * * + +HARRY VAN N.--Wheeling is the capital of West Virginia. The _New +Hampshire Gazette_, published at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, is the +oldest paper in the Union which has been continued without interruption +or change of name. It was established by Daniel Fowle in 1756. The +Worcester _Spy_, still in existence, was established in 1770, and there +are several other papers of equal age. The New York _Commercial +Advertiser_ is one of the oldest dailies. It was established in 1793 as +the _Minerva_, but soon assumed its present name. The New York _Evening +Post_ first appeared in November, 1801. You will find a complete +history of American newspapers in Frederic Hudson's _Journalism in the +United States_, published by Harper & Brothers. + + * * * * * + +WILLIE S. W.--There are no rules by which you can train cats. They are +not so easily taught as dogs and birds; still, with patience and +kindness, you may accomplish your purpose. + + * * * * * + +"NORTH STAR."--Your puzzle is very neatly and correctly made; but we can +not use it, as we have recently published one with the same solution. Do +not be discouraged, but try again. The book you inquire for is published +by Henry Holt & Co., and is a very useful little volume. + + * * * * * + +C. W. LISK.--The dauw (_Equus burchellii_) is a South African quadruped, +intermediate between the zebra and the quagga. It is found in numerous +herds in the wide plains north of the Orange River. It is somewhat +larger than the zebra, but more easily domesticated. + + * * * * * + +WILLIE B. A.--Read the paper on "Gold-Fish" in YOUNG PEOPLE No. 6. + + * * * * * + +PUZZLES FROM YOUNG CONTRIBUTORS. + +No. 1. + +EASY NUMERICAL ENIGMA. + +The combined numerals in the following sentence form the name of a great +poet, which is composed of 11 letters. A little girl sat in the garden +watching some 6-2-5-8-7 frolicking on the grass. The gardener was at +work with a 10-9-4-11, and he gave her a 7-5-3-10 to eat. Then a poor +Italian came up the road with a 2-9-10-7, and she ran to 9-1-4 her +mother if 6-9-10-3-2 might give him a piece of bread. + + POLLY. + + * * * * * + +No. 2. + +DROP-LETTER PUZZLE. + +Each dash represents a letter. The whole is a familiar proverb: + +B--r--s--f--f--a--h--r--l--c--t--g--t--e--. + + A. T. + + * * * * * + +No. 3. + +ENIGMA. + + My first is in battle, but not in fight. + My second is in darkness, but not in night. + My third is in brighten, but not in cheer. + My fourth is in antler, but not in deer. + My fifth is in knot, but not in tie. + My sixth is in near, but not in nigh. + My whole is a tropical fruit. + + EFFIE VIOLET (12 years). + + * * * * * + +No. 4. + +DOUBLE ACROSTIC. + +A vegetable. A puzzle. A gem. A buffoon. A bird. Labor. A roll of coin. +An affirmation. Answer--Two branches of an important study. + + C. P. T. + + * * * * * + +No. 5. + +WORD SQUARE. + +First, a governor. Second, to join. Third, flexible. Fourth, a girl's +name. Fifth, attachments to fishing-rods. + + E. M. + + * * * * * + +No. 6. + +ENIGMA. + + My first is in made, but not in done. + My second is in work, but not in fun. + My third is in knit, and also in spun. + My fourth is in take, but not in won. + My fifth is in chase, but not in run. + My sixth is in cake, but not in bun. + My seventh is in left, but not in begun. + My eighth is in mortar, but not in gun. + My whole was a noted French general. + + C. W. L. + + * * * * * + +ANSWERS TO PUZZLES IN NO. 21. + +No. 1. + +Violet. + +No. 2. + +Story of Robinson Crusoe. + +No. 3. + +Athens, Orleans, Oporto, Dover, Granada, Naples, Madrid, Paris, Basle, +Berlin, Lyons. + +No. 4. + +Candy. + +No. 5. + + H ebre W + U mbrell A + D um B + S iberi A + O at S + N eig H + +Hudson, Wabash. + +No. 6. + +Wellington. + + * * * * * + +Favors are acknowledged from Lula Barlow, May Thornton, William N., +Carrie G. Hard, Laura Wharry, C. N. MacClure, H. T., Lura W., William +H. M., Frank Haid, Jennie Clark, L. A. G., J. E. Conger, Clarence L. M., +Jennie Graves, Robert Hoyt, Amy R. Du Bois, N. Rust Gilbert, M. H. and +M. B., G. C. M., R. V. Thomas, Munn Trowbridge, Walter B. and Clara M., +Jeanie Curtis, Marion Comer, Nellie Douglas, E. G. L., Lillian Murdoch, +Annie Wright, "Frank," Susie Benedict, Florrie Cox, C. B. Albree, M. +Isaacs, Lillian Morton, Fanny Pierce, Deffie MacKellar. + + * * * * * + +Correct answers to puzzles are received from Maud Knowlton, C. H. MacB., +George W. Raymond, F. Schakers, Fred and Mary Pitney, Susie Randall, +Willie Atkinson, Grace J. Richards, Lottie G., Herbert N. T., Edward +Chamberlin, Hugh Burns, Arthur Brigham, George B. Wendell, Fannie and +Florence M., Rose C., May Fields, Agnes Witzel, Lily and Carrie Levéy, +Huntington Merchant, Etta Rice, Walter Dodge, V. L. Kellogg, Dora +Jelliff, W. S. Wenship, Fannie Rockwell, Pierre Jay, "George," C. H. +Conner, J. E. Marshall, Clara Jaquith, Willie Morris, Jessie G., Katie +and F. Lawlor. + + + + +ADVERTISEMENTS. + + + + +HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE. + +HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE will be issued every Tuesday, and may be had at +the following rates--_payable in advance, postage free_: + + SINGLE COPIES $0.04 + ONE SUBSCRIPTION, _one year_ 1.50 + FIVE SUBSCRIPTIONS, _one year_ 7.00 + +Subscriptions may begin with any Number. When no time is specified, it +will be understood that the subscriber desires to commence with the +Number issued after the receipt of order. + +Remittances should be made by POST-OFFICE MONEY ORDER or DRAFT, to avoid +risk of loss. + +ADVERTISING. + +The extent and character of the circulation of HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE +will render it a first-class medium for advertising. A limited number of +approved advertisements will be inserted on two inside pages at 75 cents +per line. + + Address + HARPER & BROTHERS, + Franklin Square, N. Y. + + + + +CANDY + +Send one, two, three, or five dollars for a sample box, by express, of +the best Candies in America, put up elegantly and strictly pure. Refers +to all Chicago. Address + + C. F. GUNTHER, + Confectioner, + 78 MADISON STREET, CHICAGO. + + + + +=CARDS OF BEAUTIFUL PRESSED SEA-FERNS=, from New England coast, at 25 +cents per dozen, postpaid. Will be sent to any address on receipt of +price, by + + B. A. A., Vineyard Grove, + Lock Box 54. + Dukes Co., Mass. + + + + +OUR CHILDREN'S SONGS. + + * * * * * + +Our Children's Songs. Illustrated. 8vo, Ornamental Cover, $1.00. + + * * * * * + +The best compilation of songs for the children that we have ever +seen.--_New Bedford Mercury._ + +This is a large collection of songs for the nursery, for childhood, for +boys and for girls, and sacred songs for all. The range of subjects is a +wide one, and the book is handsomely illustrated.--_Philadelphia +Ledger._ + +It contains some of the most beautiful thoughts for children that ever +found vent in poesy, and beautiful "pictures to match."--_Chicago +Evening Journal._ + +An excellent anthology of juvenile poetry, covering the whole range of +English and American literature.--_Independent_, N. Y. + +Songs for the nursery, songs for childhood, for girlhood, boyhood, +and sacred songs--the whole melody of childhood and youth bound in +one cover. Full of lovely pictures; sweet mother and baby faces; +charming bits of scenery, and the dear old Bible story-telling +pictures.--_Churchman_, N. Y. + + * * * * * + +Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York. + +HARPER & BROTHERS _will send the above work by mail, postage prepaid, to +any part of the United States, on receipt of the price._ + + + + +Old Books for Young Readers. + + * * * * * + +Arabian Nights' Entertainments. + + The Thousand and One Nights; or, The Arabian Nights' + Entertainments. Translated and Arranged for Family Reading, with + Explanatory Notes, by E. W. LANE. 600 Illustrations by Harvey. 2 + vols., 12mo, Cloth, $3.50. + +Robinson Crusoe. + + The Life and Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, of York, + Mariner. By DANIEL DEFOE. With a Biographical Account of Defoe. + Illustrated by Adams. Complete Edition. 12mo, Cloth, $1.50. + +The Swiss Family Robinson. + + The Swiss Family Robinson; or, Adventures of a Father and Mother + and Four Sons on a Desert Island. Illustrated. 2 vols., 18mo, + Cloth, $1.50. + + The Swiss Family Robinson--Continued: being a Sequel to the + Foregoing. 2 vols., 18mo, Cloth, $1.50. + +Sandford and Merton. + + The History of Sandford and Merton. By THOMAS DAY. 18mo, Half + Bound, 75 cents. + + * * * * * + +Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York. + +_Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the United States, on +receipt of the price._ + + + + +CHILDREN'S PICTURE-BOOKS. + + Square 4to, about 300 pages each, beautifully printed on Tinted + Paper, embellished with many Illustrations, bound in Cloth, $1.50 + per volume. + +The Children's Picture-Book of Sagacity of Animals. + + With Sixty Illustrations by HARRISON WEIR. + +The Children's Bible Picture-Book. + + With Eighty Illustrations, from Designs by STEINLE, OVERBECK, + VEIT, SCHNORR, &c. + +The Children's Picture Fable-Book. + + Containing One Hundred and Sixty Fables. With Sixty Illustrations + by HARRISON WEIR. + +The Children's Picture-Book of Birds. + + With Sixty-one Illustrations by W. HARVEY. + +The Children's Picture-Book of Quadrupeds and other Mammalia. + + With Sixty-one Illustrations by W. HARVEY. + + * * * * * + +Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York. + +_Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the United States, on +receipt of the price._ + + + + +[Illustration: I'M ALL READY.] + + + + +DECAPITATED CHARADE. + + + My whole a churchman is of weight, + Summoned his grievances to state, + Where, in the lofty audience-hall, + The bishops are assembled all. + His head cut off reveals his plan, + Which he will do as best he can. + What's left, again beheaded, shows + The state of mind in which he goes, + As, mounted on his good gray steed, + He rides along through vale and mead. + Behead that word, and, lo! 'tis plain + Why all his efforts were in vain. + Dejected now, at close of day, + He, sighing, takes his homeward way. + Behead once more: see what he did + Ere sleep fell on each weary lid. + + + + +A GEOGRAPHICAL GAME. + +An amusing and instructive geographical game has just been invented by +M. Levasseur, a well-known French geographer. It is called "Tour du +Monde," and is played on a large terrestrial globe, richly illustrated, +and divided into 232 spherical rectangles, each of which is marked with +a number corresponding to a number on a list which indicates gains or +losses in the game. A brass rib or meridian running from pole to pole of +the globe, but raised above the latter, is perforated with a row of +eighteen holes; and there are eighteen tiny flags provided for the +purpose of being planted in the holes. Each flag corresponds to one of +the principal states of the world, from China the most populous to +Holland the least populous. + +To play the game the globe is set revolving, and a player, commencing at +the south pole, plants a flag into each hole one after another at each +revolution of the globe, and advances northward. The score of the +player, which may be either a gain or a loss, is determined by the +nature of the facts indicated on the rectangular space above which a +flag may stand when the globe stops revolving; and this is, of course, +the interesting and humorous part of the game. London, for example, +counts thirty, Paris twenty, and so on, according to population. A coal +mine, a Manchester cotton factory, a grain mart, all are reckoned gains; +but an encounter with a Zulu or a lion in Africa, a storm in the +Atlantic, a polar iceberg, a crocodile on the Nile, naturally go for +serious losses. + + + + +A PERSONATION; WHAT IS MY NAME? + +BY ELEANOR JOY. + + +I was a queen of royal birth. I was married on the 8th of September, +1761, to a certain King of England, with whom I lived for fifty-seven +years. I had fifteen children, all of whom lived to grow up except two. +The king whom I married had never seen me, and was only attracted toward +me by my writing him an eloquent letter on the miseries and calamities +of war. I was brought to England in a yacht covered with streamers and +flowers. I was not very handsome, and the king, my husband, winced when +he saw I was not as beautiful as some of his ladies at court. But he +soon began to love me, and I lived happily with him till my death. Who +am I? + + + + +THE METRIC SYSTEM IN COINS. + + +It may not be generally known that we have in the nickel five-cent piece +of our coinage a key to the tables of the linear measures and weights of +the metric system. The diameter of this coin is two centimeters, and its +weight is five grams. Five of them placed in a row will, of course, give +the length of the decimeter; and two of them will weigh a decagram. As +the litre is a cubic decimeter, the key to the measure of length is also +the key to measures of capacity. Any person, therefore, who is fortunate +enough to own a five-cent nickel may be said to carry in his pocket the +entire metric system of weights and measures. + + + + +[Illustration: GIVING THE BABIES AN AIRING.] + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg's Harper's Young People, April 13, 1880, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, APR 13, 1880 *** + +***** This file should be named 28778-8.txt or 28778-8.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/2/8/7/7/28778/ + +Produced by Annie McGuire + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Harper's Young People, April 13, 1880 + An Illustrated Weekly + +Author: Various + +Release Date: May 12, 2009 [EBook #28778] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, APR 13, 1880 *** + + + + +Produced by Annie McGuire + + + + + +</pre> + + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary=""> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#NANCY_HANSONS_PROJECT"><b>NANCY HANSON'S PROJECT.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#ACROSS_THE_OCEAN_OR_A_BOYS_FIRST_VOYAGE"><b>ACROSS THE OCEAN; OR, A BOY'S FIRST VOYAGE.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#APRILS_TEARS"><b>APRIL'S TEARS.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#BILLYS_GREAT_SPEECH"><b>BILLY'S GREAT SPEECH.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#THE_CZARS_FISH"><b>THE CZAR'S FISH.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#THE_HERMIT_AND_THE_ROBBERS"><b>THE HERMIT AND THE ROBBERS.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#ANIMAL-PLANTS"><b>ANIMAL-PLANTS.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#EASY_BOTANY"><b>EASY BOTANY.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#TWO_ANCIENT_FAMILIES"><b>TWO ANCIENT FAMILIES.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#CHIN-FAN_THE_CANTON_BOAT-BOY"><b>CHIN-FAN, THE CANTON BOAT-BOY.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#THE_STORY_OF_GEORGE_WASHINGTON"><b>THE STORY OF GEORGE WASHINGTON.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#PUCK_AND_BLOSSOM"><b>PUCK AND BLOSSOM.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#OUR_POST_OFFICE_BOX"><b>OUR POST-OFFICE BOX</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#DECAPITATED_CHARADE"><b>DECAPITATED CHARADE.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#A_GEOGRAPHICAL_GAME"><b>A GEOGRAPHICAL GAME.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#A_PERSONATION_WHAT_IS_MY_NAME"><b>A PERSONATION; WHAT IS MY NAME?</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#THE_METRIC_SYSTEM_IN_COINS"><b>THE METRIC SYSTEM IN COINS.</b></a></td></tr> +</table></div> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_313" id="Page_313">[Pg 313]</a></span></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 1000px;"> +<img src="images/ill_001.jpg" width="1000" height="388" alt="Banner: Harper's Young Peopl" title="" /> +</div> + +<hr style='width: 100%;' /> + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="100%" summary=""> +<tr><td align='left'><span class="smcap">Vol</span>. I.—<span class="smcap">No</span>. 24.</td><td align='center'><span class="smcap">Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York</span>.</td><td align='right'><span class="smcap">Price Four Cents</span>.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>Tuesday, April 13, 1880.</td><td align='center'>Copyright, 1880, by <span class="smcap">Harper & Brothers</span>.</td><td align='right'>$1.50 per Year, in Advance.</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<hr style='width: 100%;' /> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 700px;"><a name="NANCY_HANSONS_PROJECT" id="NANCY_HANSONS_PROJECT"></a> +<img src="images/ill_002.jpg" width="700" height="595" alt="MISS NANCY TAKES LEAVE OF THE OFFICERS." title="" /> +<span class="caption">MISS NANCY TAKES LEAVE OF THE OFFICERS.</span> +</div> + +<h2>NANCY HANSON'S PROJECT.</h2> + +<h3>BY HOWARD PYLE.</h3> + +<p>It was in the old Quaker town of Wilmington, Delaware, and it was the +evening of the day on which the battle of Brandywine had been fought. +The country people were coming into town in sledges, and in heavy low +carts with solid wheels made of slices from great tree trunks, loaded +with butter, eggs, milk, and vegetables; for the following day was +market-day. Market-day came every Fourth-day (Wednesday) and every +Seventh-day (Saturday). Then the carts drew up in a long line in Market +Street, with their tail-boards to the sidewalk, and the farmers sold +their produce to the town people, who jostled each other as they walked +up and down in front of the market carts—a custom of street markets +still carried on in Wilmington.</p> + +<p>Friend William Stapler stopped, on his way to market<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_314" id="Page_314">[Pg 314]</a></span> in his cart, at +Elizabeth Hanson's house, in Shipley Street, to leave a dozen eggs and +two pounds of butter, as he did each Tuesday and Friday evening. +Elizabeth came to the door with a basket for half a peck of potatoes. +William Stapler took off his broad-brimmed hat, and slowly rubbed his +horny hand over his short-cut, stubbly gray hair.</p> + +<p>"Ah! I tell thee, Lizabeth, they're a-doin' great things up above +Chadd's Ford. I hearn th' canning a-boomin' away all day to-day. Ah, +Lizabeth, the world's people is a wicked people. They spare not the +brother's blood when th' Adam is aroused within them. They stan' in +slippery places, Lizabeth."</p> + +<p>"Does thee think they're fighting, William?"</p> + +<p>"Truly I think they are. Ah! I tell thee, Lizabeth, they're differen' 'n +when I was young. Then we only feared the Injuns, 'n' now it's white men +agin white men. They tuck eight young turkeys of mine, 'n' only paid me +ten shillin' fer 'em."</p> + +<p>"But, oh, William, I do hope they're not fighting! I expect my +son-in-law, Captain William Bellach, and his friend Colonel Tilton, will +stop here on their way to join General Washington; and they may arrive +to-night."</p> + +<p>"Ah, Lizabeth, I've lifted up my voice in testimony agin the young men +goin' to the wars an' sheddin' blood. 'F a man diggeth a pit an' falleth +into it himself, who shall help him out thereof? Half a peck o' +potatoes, did thee say, Lizabeth?"</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<p>During the evening rumors became more exciting, and it was said that the +Americans had been defeated, and were retreating toward Philadelphia. +Late that night Captain Bellach and Colonel Tilton arrived at Elizabeth +Hanson's house.</p> + +<p>"I've heard the rumors, mother," said Captain Bellach. "I don't believe +'em; but even if there was a file of British at the door here, I would +be too tired to run away from them."</p> + +<p>Pretty Nancy Hanson spoke up. "But, Billy, they would not only send thee +and thy friend to the hulks if they caught thee, but they might be rude +to us women were they to find thee here."</p> + +<p>"Yes, sister-in-law, if I thought there was any danger, I would leave +instantly; but the British, even if they have beaten us, will be too +tired to come here to-night."</p> + +<p>"I agree with my friend Will, Mistress Nancy," said Colonel Tilton. +"Moreover, our horses are too tired to take us farther to-night."</p> + +<p>About two o'clock in the morning the silence of the deserted streets of +the town was broken by a rattling and jingling of steel, the heavy, +measured tread of feet, and sharp commands given in a low voice.</p> + +<p>Nancy Hanson awakened at the noise, and jumping out of bed, ran to the +window and looked out into the moon-lit street beneath. A file of +red-coated soldiers were moving by toward the old Bull's Head Tavern. +The cold moonlight glistened on their gun-barrels and bayonets as they +marched. Nancy ran to her mother's room and pounded vigorously on the +door.</p> + +<p>"Mother! mother! waken up!" she cried; "the British are come to town, +sure enough!"</p> + +<p>The family were soon gathered around the dull light of a candle, the +gentlemen too hastily awakened to have their hair <i>en queue</i>, the ladies +in short gowns and petticoats; Elizabeth Hanson wore a great starched +night-cap perched high upon her head.</p> + +<p>"You were right, sister-in-law," said Captain Bellach, "and I was wrong. +The best thing we can do now is to march out and take our chances."</p> + +<p>"So say I," assented the Colonel.</p> + +<p>"It's all well enough for thee, Billy, to talk of marching out and +taking thy chances," said Nancy; "thee has thy black citizen's dress; +but Colonel Tilton is in uniform."</p> + +<p>"True; I forgot."</p> + +<p>"It does not matter," said the Colonel.</p> + +<p>"Yes, but it does," cried Nancy. "Stay now until morning, and I think I +can get thee citizen's clothes. I have a project, too, to get thee off. +For mother's sake, though, we must hide thy uniform, for if it is found +here, she will be held responsible. Billy, thee will have to go with thy +friend back to the bedroom and bring us his things as soon as he can +take them off. Thee must lie abed, Colonel Tilton."</p> + +<p>Nancy's plans were carried into execution. The bricks in one of the +up-stairs fire-places were taken up, the sand beneath them removed, and +the Colonel's uniform deposited in the vacant place, over which the +bricks were carefully replaced.</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<p>In the gray of the morning Peggy Allison and Hannah Shallcross, on their +way to market, each with a basket on her arm, met in front of Elizabeth +Hanson's house. A company of soldiers had halted in Shipley Street, and +their arms were stacked before Elizabeth's door. The red-coated soldiers +were lounging and talking and smoking. Some officers sat around a fire +near by warming their hands, for the morning was chill.</p> + +<p>"'Tis a shame!" said Hannah Shallcross, vigorously—"'tis a shame to see +these redcoats parading our streets as bold as a brass farthing. I only +wish I was John Stedham the constable; I'd have 'em in the +Smoke-House<a name="FNanchor_1_1" id="FNanchor_1_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_1_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a> or the stocks in a jiffy, I tell thee!"</p> + +<p>She spoke loudly and sharply. A young British officer, who was passing, +stepped briskly up, and tapped her on the arm.</p> + +<p>"Madam," said he, "do you know that you are all prisoners? Be advised by +me, and return quietly home until the town is in order."</p> + +<p>However patriotic Hannah might be, she did not think it advisable to +disregard this order, and both dames retreated in a flutter. As the +young officer stood looking after them, the house door opposite him +opened, and Nancy Hanson appeared upon the door-step. She had dressed +herself carefully in her fine quilted petticoat and best flowered +over-dress, and looked as pretty and fresh as an April morning.</p> + +<p>"Friend," said she, in a half-doubtful, half-timid voice. The young +officer whipped off his cocked hat, and bent stiffly, as you might bend +a jackknife.</p> + +<p>"Madam, yer servant," he answered. He spoke with a slight brogue, for he +was an Irish gentleman.</p> + +<p>"We have a friend with us," said Nancy, "who hath been compelled for a +time to keep his bed. He was brought here last night on account of the +battle, and was too weary to go further. Our neighbor Friend John +Stapler, across the street, hath thick stockings, and I desire to get, +if I can, a pair from him, as, thee may know, in cases of dropsy the +legs are always cold. I am afraid to cross the street with these +soldiers in it. Would thee escort me?"</p> + +<p>"Madam, you do me infinite honor in desiring me escort," said the young +officer, bowing more deeply than before; for Nancy was very pretty.</p> + +<p>Friend John Stapler was a very strict Friend, and as such was inclined +to favor the royalist side; still, he was willing to do a kindly turn +for a neighbor. He was a wrinkled, weazened little man, whose face, with +its pointed nose and yellowish color, much resembled a hickory nut.</p> + +<p>"Hum-m-m!" ejaculated he, when Nancy, who had left the officer at the +door, stated the case to him—"hum-m-m! thus it is that intercourse with +the world's<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_315" id="Page_315">[Pg 315]</a></span> people defileth the chosen. Still, I may as well help thee +out o' the pother. Hum-m-m! I suppose my small-clothes would hardly be +large enough, would they?" and he looked down at his withered little +legs.</p> + +<p>"I hardly think so," said Nancy, repressing a smile, as she pictured to +herself the tall dignified Colonel in little John Stapler's +small-clothes.</p> + +<p>"Well, well," said he, "I'll just step out the back way, and borrow a +suit from John Benson. He's the fattest man I know."</p> + +<p>He soon returned with the borrowed clothes, which they wrapped up in as +small a bundle as possible, after which Nancy rejoined the officer at +the door.</p> + +<p>"'Tis a largish bundle of stockings," observed he, as he escorted her +across the street again.</p> + +<p>"They are thick stockings," she answered, demurely.</p> + +<p>When they reached home, she invited her escort and his brother officers, +who were gathered around the fire near by, to come in and take a cup of +coffee—an offer they were only too glad to accept, after their night +march.</p> + +<p>"Gentlemen," said Nancy, as they sat or stood around drinking their hot +coffee, "I suppose you have no desire to retain our afflicted friend a +prisoner? The doctor, who is with him at present, thinks it might +benefit him to be removed to the country. I spoke to my friend whom I +saw this morning, and he promised to send a coach. May he depart +peaceably when the coach comes?"</p> + +<p>"Faith," said the young Irish officer, "he may depart. He shall not be +molested. I command here at present."</p> + +<p>"What is the matter with the invalid?" inquired another officer.</p> + +<p>"He appeareth to have the dropsy," answered Nancy, gravely.</p> + +<p>In about half an hour an old-fashioned coach, as large as a small +dwelling-house, and raised high from the ground on great wheels, +lumbered up to the door. The steps were let down, or unfolded, until +they made a kind of step-ladder, by which the passenger ascended to the +coach which loomed above. The door stuck, in consequence of being +swelled by the late rains, and was with difficulty opened. The officers +stood around, waiting the appearance of the invalid, and the young +Irishman who had been Nancy's escort waited at the door to help her in, +for she was to accompany her afflicted relative to the ferry.</p> + +<p>The house door opened, and she appeared, bearing a pillow and blanket to +make the sick man comfortable. She arranged these, and stepped back into +the house to see him moved. Then, with a shuffling of feet, the +pretended victim of dropsy appeared, dressed in plain clothes, and so +enormously puffed out that there was scarcely room for him in the +passageway. The so-called doctor, dressed in black, and wearing a pair +of black glass spectacles, assisted the invalid on one side, and Nancy +supported him on the other. The dropsical one groaned at every step, and +groaned louder than ever as they pushed, squeezed, and crowded him up +the steps and into the coach. Nancy and the doctor followed, and the +Irish officer put up the steps and clapped to the door, while Nancy +smiled a farewell through the window to him as the great coach rumbled +away toward the Christiana River.</p> + +<p>"Oddzooks!" exclaimed one of the officers, "that is the fattest Quaker I +ever saw."</p> + +<p>He would have been surprised if he had seen the fat Quaker draw a stout +pillow from under his waistcoat after the coach had moved away, while +the doctor stripped some black court-plaster from the back of his +spectacles, and instead of the invalid and the physician appeared two +decidedly military-looking gentlemen.</p> + +<p>The coach and its occupants had lumbered out of sight for some time, and +the young officer still remained lounging near the door of Mistress +Hanson's house, when an orderly, splashed with mud from galloping over +yesterday's battle-field, clattered up to the group.</p> + +<p>"Which is Major Fortescue?" he asked, in his sharp military voice.</p> + +<p>"I am," answered the young Irish officer.</p> + +<p>"Order for you, sir;" and he reached the Major a folded paper, sealed +with a blotch of wax as red as blood. He opened it, and read:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>"You will immediately arrest two men, officers in the rebel army, +known respectively as Colonel Tilton and Captain Bellach. +Information has been lodged at head-quarters that they are now +lying concealed at Mistress Elizabeth Hanson's in Wilmington town. +You will report answer at once. By order of</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 30em;">Colonel <span class="smcap">Robert Wycherly</span>, R. A.,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 35em;">Com. 5th Div. H. M. A.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 40em;">in the Province of Pennsylvania.</span><br /> +<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 15em;">To Major <span class="smcap">Allan Fortescue</span>,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 20em;">Commander at Wilmington,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">in the Lower County of Newcastle."<a name="FNanchor_2_2" id="FNanchor_2_2"></a><a href="#Footnote_2_2" class="fnanchor">[2]</a></span><br /> +</p> + +<p>"Stop them!" roared Major Fortescue, as soon as he could catch his +breath. He gave a sharp order to the soldiers lounging near; they seized +their arms, and the whole party started at double quick for the ford of +the Christiana River, half a mile away, whither the coach had directed +its course.</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<p>Meanwhile the fugitives had arrived at the bank of the river, where they +found that the ferryman was at the other side, and his boat with him. He +was lying on the stern seat, in the sun, and an empty whiskey bottle +beside him sufficiently denoted the reason of his inertia. When the +Colonel called to him, he answered in endearing terms, but moved not; +and when the officer swore, the ferryman reproved him solemnly. Affairs +were looking gloomy, when Captain Bellach, who had been running up and +down the embankment that kept the river from overflowing the marsh-lands +that lay between it and the hill on which the town stood, gave a shout +which called the Colonel and Nancy to him. They found that he had +discovered an old scow half hidden among the reeds; it was stuck fast in +the mud, and it was only by great exertions that the two gentlemen +pushed it off the ooze into the water. The Colonel then took Nancy in +his arms, and carried her across the muddy shore to the boat, where he +deposited her; then pushing off the scow, he leaped aboard himself.</p> + +<p>"Lackaday for my new silk petticoat, all spotted and ruined!" cried +Nancy. "I'd rather have been taken prisoner at once!" And she looked +down ruefully upon the specks of blue marsh mud that had been splashed +upon that garment.</p> + +<p>Neither of the men answered. The boat leaked very badly when it was +fairly out in the water, and the Colonel was forced to bail it out with +his hat. The Captain sat in the middle of the boat, paddling it with a +piece of board. His hat had blown off, and his black silk small-clothes +were covered with mud. The tide was running strongly, and as the boat +drifted down the stream, it was swung round and round in spite of the +Captain's efforts to keep it straight, while the leak gained on them, +until Nancy, with a sigh, was compelled to take her best beaver hat, +ribbons and all, and help the Colonel bail.</p> + +<p>They were scarcely more than half across when Major Fortescue and his +squad of soldiers dashed up to the bank. They ran along the embankment, +keeping pace with the boat as it drifted with the tide.</p> + +<p>"Halt!" cried the officer; but no one in the boat answered. "Halt, or I +shoot!" But Captain Bellach only paddled the harder.</p> + +<p>"Make ready! Take aim!—"<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_316" id="Page_316">[Pg 316]</a></span></p> + +<p>"Down, for your life!" cried Colonel Tilton, sharply, dragging Nancy +down into the bottom of the boat, where Captain Bellach flung himself +beside them. It was the work of a moment. The next instant—"Fire!" they +heard the royalist order, sharply, from the bank.</p> + +<p>"Cra-a-a-ack!" rattled the muskets, and the bullets hummed venomously +around the boat like a swarm of angry hornets.</p> + +<p>None of the fugitives were hurt, though two of the bullets struck the +side of the boat; but Nancy's petticoat was entirely ruined by the mud +and water in the bottom. Before the redcoats could reload, they had +reached the further shore, and run into a corn field near by, in which +they were entirely hidden. Captain Bellach wanted to go up the stream +and thrash the drunken ferryman; but the Colonel and Nancy dissuaded +him, and they made the best of their way to Dover, which they reached +after a very weary journey. There Nancy, who considered it safer to +absent herself from home while the British retained possession of +Wilmington, found herself the heroine of the hour; and she was fêted and +dined and made much of, until it would have completely turned a less +sensible little head than hers.</p> + +<p>In after-years, when her husband presented her to President Washington, +"Ah, Mistress Tilton," said his Excellency, "your husband should indeed +value an affection that not only endangered a life, but even sacrificed +a fine silk petticoat, for his sake."</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h4><a name="ACROSS_THE_OCEAN_OR_A_BOYS_FIRST_VOYAGE" id="ACROSS_THE_OCEAN_OR_A_BOYS_FIRST_VOYAGE"></a>[Begun in No. 19 of <span class="smcap">Harper's Young People</span>, March 9.]</h4> + +<h2>ACROSS THE OCEAN; OR, A BOY'S FIRST VOYAGE.</h2> + +<h4>A True Story.</h4> + +<h3>BY J. O. DAVIDSON.</h3> + +<h3><span class="smcap">Chapter VI</span>.</h3> + +<h3>AN OCEAN PRAIRIE.</h3> + +<p>Frank found his new work tolerably easy, though it required constant +attention, for every joint of the machinery had to be watched, and oiled +afresh the moment it began to get dry and hot. There being two other +oilers, he now stood his regular watch of three hours at a time, having +the rest of the day to himself. Most of this leisure time was spent in +talking with Herrick, or studying the ins and outs of the machinery; and +Frank soon learned to "take a card" as well as any man on board. This is +done as follows: a slip of paper is rolled round a brass tube attached +to the valve of the engine cylinder, and a pencil fixed so as to trace +certain curved lines on the paper as it turns, the shape of which shows +the exact working condition of the engine.</p> + +<p>On the fourth afternoon of his new duties Austin heard himself hailed +from the upper deck by a familiar voice:</p> + +<p>"Hello, Frank, my boy! come up and have a look at Daddy Neptune's +pasture-ground."</p> + +<p>Up went Frank with all speed; but his first glance around made him +start. Instead of the deep blue water that had surrounded her a few +hours before, the ship was now in the midst of a smooth green plain, +extending as far as the eye could reach, and covered, to all appearance, +with coarse grass and broad-leaved plants. Nothing was wanting, in fact, +to complete the picture except a few sheep and cattle.</p> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 378px;"> +<img src="images/ill_003.jpg" width="378" height="400" alt="IN THE SARGASSO SEA." title="" /> +<span class="caption">IN THE SARGASSO SEA.</span> +</div> + +<p>For a moment our hero really thought he must be dreaming; and then he +suddenly recollected his school-book pictures and stories of the famous +Sargasso Sea, where, for thousands of acres together, the water is quite +hidden by a thick growth of "Gulf weed," and knew at once that this must +be it.</p> + +<p>And certainly this ocean prairie was a wonderful sight. As the steamer +ploughed its way through the matted weeds, Frank could see in the narrow +openings their trailing roots hanging far down into the clear cool +depths below. Above these open spaces thousands of sea-birds were +hovering with shrill cries, while ever and anon one of them would swoop +down into the water, re-appearing instantly with a fish wriggling in its +beak.</p> + +<p>In the purple shadow of the weed beds bright-colored fish were moving +lazily to and fro, but these darted swiftly away at the approach of the +steamer. On every side queer little crabs and turtles were plumping into +the water, scared by the plashing wheels, while, stranger still, birds' +nests and eggs were seen here and there amid the huge broad leaves of +the stronger plants, to the great delight of Frank, who thought the idea +of birds nesting in the middle of the Atlantic the finest joke he had +ever heard.</p> + +<p>A mass of the tangle was hauled on board, and the men amused themselves +by stamping on the hollow air-cells which give the weed its buoyancy, +producing a series of cracks like the explosion of fire-crackers.</p> + +<p>"I've heerd tell, though I can't say I've seen it myself," observed a +sailor, "as there's places whar them weeds are so thick and strong that +a man can walk on 'em all the same as dry land."</p> + +<p>"Well, they can stop a ship, anyhow, whether they can carry a man or +not. A chum of mine as v'y'ged here in a Portigee steamer told me that +she once got reg'lar jammed among the weed, and only 'scaped by +reversin' her en<i>gines</i>."</p> + +<p>"Well, it's a fact that some whar in these seas there's a place they +call the Lumber Yard, 'cause of all the driftwood and floatin' spars and +bits o' wreck and sich gittin' jumbled up together; for all the currents +sort o' meet there, like them puzzles whar every road leads in and none +out. If a ship once gits in <i>there</i>, good-by to her; for there ain't no +wind, nor tide, nor nothin', and you jist stick there till you rot."</p> + +<p>Here old Herrick muttered, dreamily, as if speaking to himself, "<i>I</i>'ve +seen that, and I sha'n't forget it in a hurry."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_317" id="Page_317">[Pg 317]</a></span></p> + +<p>The men nudged each other, and there was a general silence; for it was +but seldom that Herrick could be got to spin a yarn, and he was now +evidently about to "get off" one of his best.</p> + +<p>"I was cruising in these waters," he went on, "'bout twenty years ago, +when one afternoon we sighted a sort o' mound in among the thickest of +the weed, with somethin' like a ship's mast standin' up from it. The +'old man' came out to look at it, and then gave orders to lower the +boat, and we pulled for the wreck with a will. But as we neared her, the +very look of her seemed to strike cold upon us all. Her hull had such an +old-fashioned build that it might ha' been afloat for a hundred years +and more; and all up the sides and over the deck great slimy coils of +weed had trailed, like them eight-armed squids that clutch men and drag +'em down. As we came nigher, the very sun clouded over, and all was +chill, and gray, and dismal, and the wreck itself looked so unearthly, +with no sign or sound of life about it, that I guess I wasn't the only +one who felt queer when we ran alongside at last.</p> + +<p>"Up we scrambled, our very tread soundin' hollow and uncanny in that +awful silence. Not a livin' thing was there aboard, not even a mouse. +The mainmast was gone, all but a stump, and the moulderin' tackle lay on +the deck all of a heap. The plankin' was rotten and fallin' to bits, and +the place on the starn where her name had been was clean mouldered away. +All at once our coxswain, Bill Grimes, gives a jump and a holler as if +he'd trod on a rattlesnake; and when we ran for'ard, what should we see, +half hid among the weeds, but the skeleton of a man, fastened to the +bulwarks by a rusty chain!"</p> + +<p>The speaker ceased, and looked round the attentive circle with the air +of a man who feels that he has made a hit.</p> + +<p>"A slaver, I reckon," said one, at length.</p> + +<p>"Or a pirate."</p> + +<p>"Or some craft that had got starved out."</p> + +<p>"Ay; but how cum that skeleton there? Did <i>you</i> never find out nothin' +'bout her, old hoss?"</p> + +<p>"<i>Never</i>," said the old man, solemnly. "That's how many a gallant ship +has ended—just a mark of 'missing' opposite her name in the owner's +list, and a few poor souls watchin' and waitin' for them that'll never +come back. Ay, boys; for as bright and pretty as these waters look, +there's many a black story hid aneath 'em as'll never be known till the +day when the sea shall give up its dead."</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<p>They were now east of the Azores, and within four days' run of +Gibraltar, which was their first halting-place. So the men were set to +work to scrub the deck, polish the rails, new paint the boats, mend such +of the signal flags as were torn, and "smarten" up the vessel generally; +for a sea-captain is as proud of his ship as a lands-man of his wife, +and likes to bring her into port as trim as possible.</p> + +<p>Frank, always ready to be of use, took his share of the work, though he +had plenty to occupy him without it. He was never tired of watching the +sun make rainbows in the spray of the bow, and the pretty little +sea-fairies, called by sailors "Portuguese men-of-war," float past with +their tinted shells and outspread feelers; while at night the moon was +so gloriously brilliant, and the sea so clear and smooth, that he often +staid on deck till midnight to enjoy the spectacle. But another sight +was in store for him, even more to his taste than these.</p> + +<p>One evening, just before sunset, two sail (the first for several days) +were descried by the look-out, quite close to each other. Herrick, after +eying them keenly for a moment, pronounced them to be a British steamer +and a full-rigged American clipper ship.</p> + +<p>"How on earth can you tell that?" asked the wondering Frank, who could +see nothing of the strangers but their topmasts.</p> + +<p>"Easy enough. That un's a steamer, by her smoke; and she's a Britisher, +by the <i>look</i> o' the smoke, for they mostly burn soft coal. T'other's a +clipper, by her rig, and the lot o' handkerchiefs [studding sails] she +has aloft; and she's a 'Merican, for nothin' else could hold its own +with a steamer. But what can they be doin' so close together? Ah! <i>I</i>'ve +got it—they're a-<i>racin</i>'."</p> + +<div class="figleft" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/ill_004.jpg" width="400" height="273" alt="AN OCEAN RACE." title="" /> +<span class="caption">AN OCEAN RACE.</span> +</div> + +<p>When the two vessels came near enough to be signaled, and to reply, +Herrick was found to be right in every particular, and the excitement +aboard the <i>Arizona</i> rose to a height. The captain himself came out to +watch the race, and every man who was not on duty below hastened on +deck.</p> + +<p>"See how Johnny Bull's a-pilin' the coal on!" cried old Herrick, +pointing to the eddying smoke, which grew blacker every minute. "But he +don't whip <i>that</i> craft—not much! Canvas agin tea-kettles any day! +Hooray!"</p> + +<p>"Right you air, old hoss! Guess some o' them clippers can show as good a +record as any steamer afloat. Why, didn't the old <i>Nabob</i> run 7389 miles +in thirty days out thar in the Indian Ocean?—and that's 246 miles a day +for a whole month, anyhow."</p> + +<p>The two racers were now crossing the <i>Arizona</i>'s bows, and every one +crowded forward to look at them. The steamer's passengers were seen +clustered along the side like bees, while the crew were bustling to and +fro, setting every sail that would draw. But still on the starboard +quarter hung the beautiful clipper, gliding along smoothly and easily, +one great pyramid of snow-white canvas from gunwale to truck, while the +look-out and the two men at the wheel (the only persons visible on +board) grinned from ear to ear at the "Britisher's" vain efforts. Just +as the clipper passed, the Stars and Stripes fluttered out jauntily at +her peak.</p> + +<p>"Come, boys!" cried Herrick; "let's give the old 'gridiron' a cheer."</p> + +<p>Mingling with the hearty shout that followed (in which Frank joined with +a will) came three sharp blasts from the <i>Arizona</i>'s steam-whistle, by +way of salute. Instantly the clipper's crew sprang up from behind the +bulwarks, and, waving their caps, sent back a rousing cheer, answered by +the Englishman with a short whistle of defiance as he swept by.</p> + +<p>Little by little the racers, still close together, melted into the +fast-falling shadows of night; but there were not a few who declared +that, when last seen, the clipper was getting the best of it, and their +belief in the superiority of wind over steam was greatly strengthened +thereby.</p> + +<h4>[<span class="smcap">to be continued</span>.]</h4> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_318" id="Page_318">[Pg 318]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="APRILS_TEARS" id="APRILS_TEARS"></a>APRIL'S TEARS.</h2> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 26em;">April's tears are happy tears.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 27em;">Joy when the arbutus sweet</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 27em;">Creeps about her dancing feet,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 26em;">When the violet appears,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 26em;">When the birds begin to sing,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 27em;">When the grass begins to grow,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 27em;">Makes her lovely eyes o'erflow.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 26em;">She's a tender-hearted thing,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 26em;">Bonny daughter of the spring.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="BILLYS_GREAT_SPEECH" id="BILLYS_GREAT_SPEECH"></a>BILLY'S GREAT SPEECH.</h2> + +<h3>BY WILLIAM O. STODDARD.</h3> + +<p>Billy was the youngest member of the debating society; that is, the +other members were all grown-up men, though none of them were very old, +and he was not yet quite fourteen years of age. Some of the boys he knew +told him he had been let in by mistake, and some said it was a joke; but +there he was, week after week, every Friday evening, sitting on a front +bench, and as much a member as the president, or the secretary, or +either of the three vice-presidents.</p> + +<p>One of the names of that village debating society was "The Lyceum," but +it wasn't much used, except when they had distinguished strangers to +lecture for them, and charged twenty-five cents apiece for tickets.</p> + +<p>The regular weekly debates were "free," and so there was always a good +attendance. The ladies, of all ages, were sure to come, and a good many +of the boys. Billy never missed a debate; but he had not yet made so +much as one single solitary speech on any subject. Nobody knew how often +he had entered that hall with a big speech in him, all ready, or how he +had always carried it out again unspoken.</p> + +<p>A little after the Christmas and New-Years' holidays there was a +question proposed for the society to debate that Billy was sure he could +handle. It had something to do with the Constitution of the United +States, and Grandfather Morton said it "was too political altogether"; +but Billy silently determined that at last he would make himself heard. +He read several things in order to get his mind ready, especially the +<i>Life of Benjamin Franklin</i> and <i>Captain Cook's Voyages</i>.</p> + +<p>He could not see just how they helped him, but he knew that was the way +to do it. Then he practiced his speech, too, in the garret, and up in +the pasture lot, and out in the barn, where he was sure nobody could +hear him, and the night before the debate was to be he hardly slept a +wink.</p> + +<p>He knew Grandfather Morton and all the family would be there; and they +had scared him out of making more than half a dozen speeches before, but +he made up his mind not to be afraid of them this time. Speak he would!</p> + +<p>He was careful about his dress, as every public speaker should be, and +succeeded in borrowing one of his father's standing collars. It was +dreadfully stiff with starch, but it would not hurt his ears if he held +his head straight.</p> + +<p>When he got to the Lyceum Hall it seemed to him to have grown a good +deal since the week before, and to have a greater multitude of men and +women in it than he had ever dreamed of.</p> + +<p>It was warm, too, and grew warmer very fast, and he wondered why the +rest did not take off their overcoats. Perhaps they would have done so +if they had known Billy was going to address them.</p> + +<p>He knew who was to open the debate on both sides, for that was always +arranged beforehand, and his chance would come afterward.</p> + +<p>He listened to them, and could not help thinking how much better they +must feel when their speeches were all spoken. He knew very well what a +troublesome thing a speech was to keep in, and without any cork.</p> + +<p>Billy thought he had never known men to talk so long as they did—two +young lawyers, three young doctors, the tutor of the village academy, +the sub-editor of the <i>Weekly Bugle</i>, Squire Toms's son that was almost +ready to go to college, and the tall young man with red hair who had +just opened the new drug store.</p> + +<p>That was the man who did Billy the most harm, for his argument was +nothing in the wide world but a string of quotations from Daniel +Webster. He called him the Great Expounder, and a great statesman, and a +number of other names, and wound up by asserting that the opinion of +such a great man as that settled the matter. There was a good deal of +applause given to the red-headed young man as he was sitting down, and +Billy took advantage of it; that is, before he knew exactly what he was +doing, he was on his feet, and shouted, "Mr. President!—ladies and +gentlemen—"</p> + +<p>"Mr. Morton has the floor," remarked the president, very dignifiedly; +and Billy, as he afterward said of himself, "was pinned."</p> + +<p>There was no escape for him now, and when Grandfather Morton pounded +with his cane, and shouted, "Platform!" dozens of other people took it +up, and it was "Platform!" "Platform!" "Platform!" all over the hall. He +knew what it meant. All the favorite speakers were sent forward in that +way, and it was a great compliment; but Billy thought he must have +walked forty miles, from the tired feeling in his legs, when he got +there. Oh, how hot that room was just then, and what a dreadful thing it +was to have a crowd like that suddenly begin to keep still! They must +have been holding their breaths.</p> + +<p>Billy knew his speech was in him, for it had been swelling and swelling +while the others were speaking, but he could not quite get any of it +very close to his mouth at that trying moment.</p> + +<p>Stiller and stiller grew the hall, and Billy had a dim notion that it +was beginning to turn around.</p> + +<p>"Mr. President, ladies, and gentlemen—"</p> + +<p>He heard some of the boys over by the window crack some pea-nuts and +giggle.</p> + +<p>"—I don't care a cent for Daniel Webster—"</p> + +<p>Billy paused, and was hunting desperately for the next word; but +Grandfather Morton had voted against Mr. Webster a good many times, and +down came the old gentleman's cane on the floor.</p> + +<p>That was the signal for a storm of applause all over the hall; but Billy +groped in every corner of his mind in vain for the rest of his speech. +Whether he had left it in the garret or the barn, or up in the pasture +lot, it was gone; and when the stamping and clapping stopped, and the +audience began to listen again, there was nothing more for them to hear.</p> + +<p>It was so terribly hot in that hall; and it grew all the more like the +Fourth of July, or a baker's oven, all the way to his seat, after Billy +gave the matter up, and walked down from the platform.</p> + +<p>But how they did cheer then!</p> + +<p>The boys did their best, and even the ladies seemed to be shouting.</p> + +<p>"Did I say anything so good as all that?" thought Billy.</p> + +<p>But at the end of the debate, which came very soon after Billy's effort, +Grandfather Morton shook hands with him very proudly; and it was the +president of the society—and he had been a member of the +Legislature—who came up just then, and said,</p> + +<p>"Capital speech of yours, Mr. Morton. Best thing of the evening."</p> + +<p>"Good, wasn't it?" said Billy's grandfather. "Laid that red-headed +poison peddler as flat as a pancake."</p> + +<p>"Best speech I ever heard in this hall, Mr. Morton; it was so splendidly +short."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_319" id="Page_319">[Pg 319]</a></span></p> + +<p>But Billy kept thinking, all the way home, "What would he have said if I +hadn't forgot the rest of it?"</p> + +<p>That was years ago, and Billy is a great lawyer now; but he says he has +never forgotten what it was that made his first speech so very good.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="THE_CZARS_FISH" id="THE_CZARS_FISH"></a>THE CZAR'S FISH.</h2> + +<h3>BY DAVID KER.</h3> + +<p>One fine July morning, a few years ago, there was a great stir among the +villagers of Pavlovo, on the Lower Volga, for the news had got abroad +that the Czar was coming down the river, on his way to his Summer Palace +in the Crimea. So, of course, every one was on the look-out for him; for +the Russian peasants of the Volga are a very loyal set, and many old men +and women among them, who have never been out of their native village +before, will tramp for miles over those great, bare, dusty plains on the +chance of catching a passing glimpse of "Alexander Nikolaievitch" +(Alexander the son of Nicholas), as they call the Czar.</p> + +<p>Among those who talked over the great news most eagerly were the family +of an old fisherman, who was known as "Lucky Michael," on account of his +success in catching the finest fish, although hard work and experience +had probably much more to do with it than any "luck."</p> + +<p>But of late "Lucky Michael" had been very <i>un</i>lucky indeed. His wife had +been ill, to begin with; and one of his two sons (who helped him with +his fishing) had been disabled for several weeks by a bad hurt in his +arm. Moreover, his boat was getting so crazy and worn out that it seemed +wonderful how it kept afloat at all; but the news of the Czar's coming +seemed to comfort him for everything.</p> + +<p>"If Father Alexander Nikolaievitch would only give us money enough to +buy a new boat!" said old Praskovia, Michael's wife, as she put away +what was left of the huge black loaf that had served for breakfast; "but +I suppose it wouldn't do to ask him."</p> + +<p>"Of course not!" said Michael, who was an independent old fellow; "he's +done quite enough for us already, in making us freemen, when we were all +slaves before.<a name="FNanchor_3_3" id="FNanchor_3_3"></a><a href="#Footnote_3_3" class="fnanchor">[3]</a> Now, then, let's get to work. Come, Stepan [Stephen], +come, Ivan [John], and let us see what God will send us."</p> + +<p>But at first the luck seemed to be still against them, for they drew +their net twice without catching anything. The third time, however, the +net felt unusually heavy, and there was such a tugging and kicking +inside of it that it was plain they had caught a pretty big fish of some +kind. John, who was the first to look in, gave a loud hurrah, and +shouted, "Father! father!—a sturgeon! a sturgeon!"</p> + +<p>There, sure enough, lay the great fish amid a crowd of smaller ones, in +all the pride of its spiky back, and smooth, brown, scaleless skin. All +three rejoiced at the sight, for a sturgeon will always fetch a good +price in Russia, and the two lads began to think at once how far this +would go toward paying for a new boat.</p> + +<p>They fished some time longer, and made one or two pretty good hauls; but +the sturgeon was the great event of the day. John and Stephen wrapped it +up carefully, and were quite proud to show it to their mother on getting +home; but they looked rather blank at hearing their father say, in a way +which showed that he meant it,</p> + +<p>"This is the finest fish I've ever caught, and I won't sell it to any +one. It's a Czar among fish, just like Alexander Nikolaievitch among us; +so it shall be <i>his</i> fish, and I'll give it to him as he passes."</p> + +<p>The news of Michael's fish, and of what he meant to do with it, soon +spread through the village, and created considerable excitement. But +there was not much time to talk it over, for, two days later, young +Stephen, who had been sent to look out for the Czar's steamer, came +running to say that it was in sight. So Michael put his sturgeon into +the boat, and away they pulled. It was a hard pull against that strong +current, but at last they got near enough to hail the steamer and be +taken in tow.</p> + +<p>Up went Michael, fish and all, and the captain led him aft to where the +Czar and his officers were standing. Many of them were handsome, +stalwart men, all ablaze with lace and embroidery; but the old +fisherman, with his tall, upright figure, clear bright eye, and hale old +face framed in snow-white hair, looked, despite his rough dress, as fine +a man as any of them.</p> + +<p>"See here, father," said he, "this is the finest fish I ever caught, and +so I've kept it for <i>you</i>. I want nothing for it; take it as a free +gift."</p> + +<p>"Thank you, brother," said the Czar; "it's a royal fish, indeed, and +I'll have it for dinner this very day, and drink your health over it. +What's your name?"</p> + +<p>"Michael Ribakoff, father, from the village of Pavlovo."</p> + +<p>"Good—I won't forget you. Good-by!"</p> + +<p>When the villagers heard what had happened, they all thought Michael +rather a fool for giving his fish away, when the Czar would have paid a +good price for it. But a week later came a fine new fishing-boat for +"Michael Ribakoff," in the stern locker of which were a complete suit of +fisherman's clothes and a new net, with a piece of paper inscribed, in +the Czar's own handwriting, "<i>A midsummer gift from Alexander +Nikolaievitch.</i>" And old Michael always said that he valued the paper +far more than the boat.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="THE_HERMIT_AND_THE_ROBBERS" id="THE_HERMIT_AND_THE_ROBBERS"></a>THE HERMIT AND THE ROBBERS.</h2> + +<p>A gentle hermit, one day, proceeding on his way through a vast forest, +chanced to discover a large cave nearly hidden under-ground. Being much +fatigued, he entered to repose himself awhile; and observing something +shining in the distance, he approached, and found it was a heap of gold. +At the sight he turned away, and hastening through the forest again as +fast as possible, had the misfortune to fall into the hands of three +fierce robbers. They asked from whom he fled, and he answered, "I am +flying from Death, who is urging me sorely behind."</p> + +<p>The robbers, not perceiving any one, cried out, "Show us where he is." +The hermit replied, "Follow me," and proceeded toward the grotto. He +there pointed out to them the fatal place, beseeching them at the same +time to abstain from looking at it. But the thieves, seizing upon the +treasure, began to rejoice exceedingly. They afterward permitted the +good man to proceed on his way, amusing themselves by ridiculing his +strange conduct. At length they began to consider what they should do +with the gold. One of them observed, "We ought not to leave the place +without taking this treasure with us."</p> + +<p>"No," replied another, "we had better not do so; but let one of us take +a small portion, and set out to buy wine and meat in the city, besides +many other things we are in need of;" and to this the other two +consented.</p> + +<p>Now the evil spirit, which is always busy on these occasions, directly +began to tempt the robber who was to go into the city. "As soon," +whispered the bad spirit to him, "as I shall have reached the city, I +will eat and drink of the best of everything as much as I please, and +then purchase what I want. Afterward I will mix with the food intended +for my companions something which I trust will settle their account, +thus becoming sole master of the whole of the treasure, which will make +me one of the richest men in this part of the world;" and as he purposed +to do, so he did.</p> + +<p>He carried the poisoned food to his companions, who,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_320" id="Page_320">[Pg 320]</a></span> on their part, +while he had been away, had come to the conclusion of killing him on his +return, in order that they might divide the money among themselves, +saying, "Let us fall upon him the moment he comes, and afterward eat +what he has brought, and divide the money between us in much larger +shares than before."</p> + +<p>The robber who had been into the city now returned with the articles he +had bought, and was immediately killed. The others then began to feast +upon the provisions prepared for them, and were seized with violent +pains, and soon died. In this manner all three fell victims to each +other's avarice and cruelty, without obtaining their ill-gotten wealth.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 700px;"> +<img src="images/ill_005.jpg" width="700" height="447" alt="CARNIVOROUS OCEAN PLANTS." title="" /> +<span class="caption">CARNIVOROUS OCEAN PLANTS.</span> +</div> + +<h2><a name="ANIMAL-PLANTS" id="ANIMAL-PLANTS"></a>ANIMAL-PLANTS.</h2> + +<p>The aquarium presents a field for delightful and ever-varying study, as +its inhabitants belong to the most curious and interesting of ocean and +fresh-water creatures. Fishes alone are well worthy of close +observation; and when to these are added odd little reptiles, queer +shell-fish, and different classes of the wonderful zoophytes, an +aquarium presents a constantly changing picture of the marvels of ocean +life.</p> + +<p>The zoophytes are the most remarkable of all marine creatures. The name +zoophyte comes from two Greek words—<i>zoön</i>, an animal, and <i>phyton</i>, a +plant—and therefore has the literal signification of animal-plant.</p> + +<p>An important member of the zoophyte family, and one often introduced +into aquaria, is the actinia, or sea-anemone, sometimes called sea-rose. +Sea-anemones were for a long time considered as vegetables, beautiful +and gayly colored flowers of the ocean, and only comparatively recent +investigation has discovered them to be animals, and blood-thirsty, +voracious little robbers and murderers of the worst character.</p> + +<p>One of the most common among the many varieties of sea-anemones is the +<i>Actinia mesembryanthemum</i>. The polypus-hunter who finds this living +flower clinging to sea-coast rocks, and bears it home as an addition to +his aquarium, unless he is already acquainted with the nature of his +prize, will behold with astonishment and delight the wondrous variations +in the appearance of this little creature. Clinging to the rocks, the +anemone probably appeared like a round leathery bag drawn in at the +centre; but when placed on the miniature cliffs of the aquarium, a +wondrous transformation takes place. The bag gradually expands, a mouth +appears in the centre, and from it unfold a multitude of petals of a +variety of colors—pale scarlet, blood-red, orange, and white—which +wave gently back and forth like a graceful nodding flower. Now drop a +small earth-worm or tiny fish in the water. The instant it touches the +least of these petal-like tentacles the whole flower is in commotion, +all the arms reaching toward the struggling victim, and holding it in a +grasp so firm that escape is impossible, and it is soon drawn into the +capacious and hungry stomach. Every animated thing that comes within +reach of the tentacles of the anemone is mercilessly seized and +devoured. Even small mollusks and Crustacea are unable to resist the +power of the grasping threads, and crabs are often conquered and +swallowed by this voracious living flower. For this reason sea-anemones +are dangerous inhabitants of an aquarium stocked with creatures having +the power of locomotion, and are best placed in a tank with other +zoophytes like themselves. How often they eat when free in their natural +element is unknown, but weekly feeding is said to be sufficient to +sustain them in an aquarium. Small bits of meat are acceptable food, +which can be dropped into the water. The instant a descending morsel +touches the petals, or tentacles, of a hungry anemone, it is eagerly +seized and drawn into the open, greedy mouth. The <i>Actinia +mesembryanthemum</i> is a very long-lived creature, and certain specimens +are reported to have lived over twenty years in aquaria in England.</p> + +<p>There are many varieties of sea-anemones, and although all possess the +same distinguishing characteristics, they vary in the form and color of +the open flower. The <i>Actinia gemmacia</i>, which is like a gorgeous +sunflower, is said to be the most voracious of its kind. An English +naturalist describes a specimen which swallowed a shell as large as a +saucer, its own diameter not being over two inches. Its elastic stomach +extended sufficiently to receive this enormous prey; but as the shell +completely<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_321" id="Page_321">[Pg 321]</a></span> separated the upper half of the animal from the lower, a new +mouth began immediately to form, through which to convey nourishment to +the lower portion, thus presenting the curious spectacle of a +double-headed monster in miniature. So remarkable are the anemones in +their reproductive power, that if the tentacles are injured or broken +off, new ones immediately form, and if the animal be cut in two, new +mouths form, and soon two perfect animals are waving their graceful +tentacles to and fro in the water.</p> + +<p>The locomotive power of the anemone, or actinia, is very sluggish. It +will remain days and weeks in the same spot, and it moves only by +sliding one edge of its base very slowly along the object to which it is +fastened, and drawing the other after it. It can therefore never pursue +its food, and appears to have no sense except that of touch, as a worm +or shiner may float in the water all about the anemone without causing +it the slightest agitation; but if the tiniest tip of one of its +tentacles be touched, or brushed even, the whole creature is alive in an +instant, and grasping for its prey. In the centre of the illustration +are two specimens of this animal-plant, the wondrous flesh-eating flower +of the ocean. To the left may be seen a specimen of the <i>Eledone +moschata</i>—a small and very common member of the octopus family. The +eledone is a hideous-looking beast. Its small eyes, which it can open +and shut at will, are glistening, and of changing iris. Its long arms +are strong enough to grasp a mussel shell, and hold it firmly until its +contents are devoured. At the least touch a dark color instantly appears +spread over the whole body of this curious creature, and dark prickly +spines arise, which impart a stinging sensation when handled, like the +anemone and sea-nettle.</p> + +<p>The two odd-looking things in the background of the engraving are +specimens of the limulus, or arrow-tailed crab. The upper side of the +limulus is covered with two smooth overlapping shields, in which are two +tiny eyes. Armed with six pairs of nippers, the limulus often fights its +companions in the aquarium, and boldly engages in battle with the +eledone, which, with its long arms, is more than a match for the +pugilistic crab, whose retreat and utter discomfiture generally end the +battle, for, thrown on its back, it can with difficulty right itself. If +a limulus<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_322" id="Page_322">[Pg 322]</a></span> and eledone be confined in the same tank, almost daily must +the former be rescued from the arms of the latter.</p> + +<p>The palm-like creature to the right of the picture is a <i>Spirographis</i>, +or tube-worm. This savage little beast lives in a tube formed of +particles of lime or grains of sand, and stretches its gill-like threads +upward, in search of food, in the form of a spiral wreath. It is very +sensitive, and at the least touch on the surface of the water, or on the +walls of the tank, the threads are instantly withdrawn into the tube.</p> + +<p>In the background may be seen the waving, bell-like <i>Medusa aurita</i>, +armed with prickly threads. It belongs to the jelly-fish family, and +loves to lie near the surface of the water, but it is with great +difficulty kept alive in an aquarium. When it dies, it dissolves itself +into the watery element of which it is so largely composed, and its +fairy-like skin can scarcely be discovered in the tank.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 590px;"> +<img src="images/ill_006.jpg" width="590" height="600" alt="A VISIT TO THE OLD HOME." title="" /> +<span class="caption">A VISIT TO THE OLD HOME.</span> +</div> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="EASY_BOTANY" id="EASY_BOTANY"></a>EASY BOTANY.</h2> + +<h3>APRIL.</h3> + +<p>Now it is April, and the time has come to explore the woods and wilds.</p> + +<p>Let us hasten to welcome the first blossom, so delicate and yet daring +to face the uncertain sky of early spring.</p> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 181px;"> +<img src="images/ill_007.jpg" width="181" height="300" alt="HEPATICA." title="" /> +<span class="caption">HEPATICA.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figleft" style="width: 195px;"> +<img src="images/ill_008.jpg" width="195" height="300" alt="DRABA VERNA." title="" /> +<span class="caption">DRABA VERNA.</span> +</div> + +<p>Happy are they who live in the country, who have the freedom of rural +roads, rocky banks, wooded hills, and smiling meadows! The young +botanical student can not expect to become acquainted with all the wild +plants in his vicinity in one summer, nor is this desirable; the pursuit +will last for a lifetime, becoming more and more enchanting. But every +one can make a pretty collection; and if, in addition to studying out +the flowers, and keeping an accurate list of them, and pressing some of +the most interesting, the young student will learn to draw with pen or +pencil a few of the most simple and graceful, the pleasure will be +greatly increased. A great deal of information might be given on +botanical subjects, but in this brief article little more can be done +than to mention the names of those plants which may be looked for during +the month, and the localities they choose. Most of the flowers mentioned +are found from Maine to Florida, and West and South as well, though some +that are abundant in the Middle estates and on Western prairies avoid +the chills of New England. The wild flowers delight in the +semi-seclusion of pastures and meadows, and spring up along the lines of +old fences in fields and on the hills and in the dim woods.</p> + +<p>Among the earliest come the anemones, and one of the prettiest of these +is the <i>wood-anemone</i>, or wind-flower. It grows from six to eight inches +high, beside old stumps in the moist woodlands; the stem is smooth, and +on the top nods a single flower, drooping, graceful, softly white, and +shaded on the outside with pinkish-purple. Another of the same family, +the <i>rue-anemone</i>, has a central blossom, pretty large, which is +surrounded by a row of little buds and blossoms, which has given it the +name of hen-and-chickens.</p> + +<p>Another delightful April flower is the <i>hepatica</i>, growing sometimes in +New England woods, but abundantly in the Middle States. This charming +little plant is fond of the loveliest shades of deepest blue, fading +into the palest purple and white, and on the Orange mountains, in New +Jersey, are clumps of the most beautiful rose-color. The hepatica grows +finely if transplanted.</p> + +<p>Do not fail to find the snow-white bud of the <i>bloodroot</i>, which comes +up wrapped in a charming little green cloak, and also the smallest of +all the floral tribe, the <i>Draba verna</i>, with atoms of white flowers, +and stems only an inch or two high. Some plants that may be easily found +are:</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 20em;">Wood-anemone, margins of fields; New England.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 20em;">Rue-anemone, same localities; New England.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 20em;">Hepatica, woody hill-sides; Middle States.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 20em;">Bloodroot, rich open woods; New England.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 20em;">Blue violet, fields, meadows, hills; everywhere.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 20em;">Draba verna, sandy fields and road-sides.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 20em;">Spring beauty, moist open woods; New Jersey, South.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 20em;">Wild geranium, open woods and fields; New England.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 20em;">Erigenia, damp soil; New York, Pennsylvania.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 20em;">Quaker ladies, road-sides, fields; everywhere.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 20em;">Dandelion, road-sides, fields; everywhere.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 20em;">Azalea, New England woods and elsewhere.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 20em;">Benzoin—spice-bush—damp woods; New Jersey, Pennsylvania.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 20em;">American mistletoe, New Jersey and South.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="TWO_ANCIENT_FAMILIES" id="TWO_ANCIENT_FAMILIES"></a>TWO ANCIENT FAMILIES.</h2> + +<h3>A PAPER READ BEFORE THE "LITTLE LITERATI" BY MOTHER.</h3> + +<p>I fear I appear before you but illy prepared for the evening duties, as, +mother-like, my week has been full of cares—unusually so. Being left to +choose my own subject, I thought to speak briefly of a worthy but almost +extinct family, or, indeed, I should say two families.</p> + +<p>Many grown persons persist in declaring that the families have passed +entirely out of existence, but I find there are a few of them to be +found still on the rugged mountain-sides, on the plains, and down in the +deep green valleys. Little children know them best, as they seem to be +modest, retiring families, seldom or never intruding themselves on the +notice of others. I conjecture, from the freedom with which little +children use their names, that they must be a kindly, simple people. My +little Mary, or Minnie, tells me almost every day of little Johnnie He +or little Sallie She, and in my mind's eye I see little Johnnie He +coming through his father's gate on his way to school—a plump, +rosy-cheeked little fellow in white pants and blouse.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">Most amiable and fair he looks,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">That little Johnnie He,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">While following close behind his heels</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">Is little Sallie She.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">With flaxen curls and laughing eyes,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">This little girl we greet,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">Exclaim, "How fair is Johnnie He!</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">And Sallie She, how sweet!"</span><br /> +</p> + +<p>Very little is known of the ancestors of these simple people who dwell +among the hills. It is believed they<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_323" id="Page_323">[Pg 323]</a></span> were a worthy, renowned family in +their day and generation; but, alas! history has given us all too little +of them. It is known that they were born hundreds of years ago, living +bright and useful lives in the earliest ages of civilization. History +speaks freely of one who may have been the great-great-grandfather of +the present Hes (much less is known of the Shes), and while speaking of +him forgets not to take his travelling artist along to sketch him. This +noble ancestor is Mr. Zaccheus He, and he is in the act of performing +the feat that saves his name from utter oblivion. The deed is made +doubly impressive by the travelling artist sketching the same. The poet +too lends his sublime aid to render the act one never to be forgotten. +In the present age of the world, many parents, from some deep-seated +prejudice, strive to blot out this unpretending family entirely; but +little children with tearful eyes bring the Historian, the Artist, and +the Poet at once to the rescue, exclaiming, "Then why does the book say,</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 27em;">"Zaccheus He</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 27em;">Did climb the tree?'"</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="CHIN-FAN_THE_CANTON_BOAT-BOY" id="CHIN-FAN_THE_CANTON_BOAT-BOY"></a>CHIN-FAN, THE CANTON BOAT-BOY.</h2> + +<h3>BY THOMAS W. KNOX.</h3> + +<p>How many readers of <span class="smcap">Harper's Young People</span> are aware that in China, on +the other side of the world, there are thousands and thousands of boys +and girls that live in boats? There is a great city in China called +Canton, and at this city there is a river which is so crowded with boats +that it is not easy to get around among them. They are not large boats +like the great steamers on American rivers, and they do not have +comfortable rooms where you can sleep as well as in a bed on shore. Some +of them are so small that they can only hold three or four persons, and +there is no space for walking around; but these three or four must live +there from day to day and from week to week, and if they ever go on +shore at all, it is only for a few minutes at a time. A whole family +will often be found living on a boat which we would hardly think large +enough to cross in from one side of the Hudson River to the other. They +cook and eat and sleep on the boat, and they manage to earn a little +money by carrying passengers over the river, or doing other work. The +kitchen where they do their cooking is only a little heap of coals that +a man might put in his hat, and it rests on a box of sand about a foot +square. When there are any passengers on board, they sit under an awning +in the front part of the boat, and the children are kept in a sort of +well, like a dry-goods box, near the stern, but at other times they can +run or creep about the deck. The smaller children are secured by means +of cords tied around their waists, so as to save them in case they fall +overboard. Sometimes the cord that holds a baby is fastened to the side +of the boat, and sometimes it is tied to a stick of wood that serves as +a float to keep him from sinking. The latter mode is generally +preferred, as the baby has more freedom, and can drag himself along the +deck where he likes. It is very common to see infants crawling around in +this way, and it is surprising how soon they learn to keep out of +danger. A Chinese child has only to fall overboard once or twice to make +up his mind to keep away from the side of the boat as much as possible.</p> + +<p>One day a baby was creeping around the deck of one of these Canton +boats, and wondering how he should amuse himself. He looked over the +side, and as the sun was shining, and reflecting his face in the water, +he thought he discovered a new baby that would be a nice playmate for +him. His mother was in the forward part of the boat, and busy at the +oars, and his father was working on a ship that lay in the harbor. So +this baby, whose name was Chin-Fan, was quite alone, and could do as he +pleased. He felt lonesome, and when he saw the strange child in the +water, he smiled at him, and wanted to make his acquaintance. The +strange baby smiled in reply; and then Chin-Fan held out his chubby +little hand to lift him out of the water. Of course the other one held +up a hand to meet him, but he could not reach far enough. Then Chin-Fan +reached down, while the stranger reached up, and pretty soon Chin-Fan +lost his balance, and tumbled into the water.</p> + +<p>Wasn't he in a dangerous place? His mother did not know what had +happened, and she kept on rowing the boat right away from where the poor +little fellow was struggling and trying to keep from being drowned. An +American baby would have screamed and sunk, but Chin-Fan was not +American, and so he did nothing of the sort. He dropped all thoughts of +the strange baby, and considered nobody but himself; he managed to get +hold of the billet of wood to which his cord was fastened, and by +holding on firmly he kept his head out of water. The current of the +river carried him along, and very luckily it carried him to where a ship +was anchored, with her great cable sloping down the stream. He struck +against this cable, and as he did so, he let go of the billet, so that +it went one side of the cable, while Chin-Fan went the other. Then he +took hold of the cable with both his chubby hands, and next he screamed +as loud as his little lungs would let him.</p> + +<p>A sailor on the bow of the ship heard the scream, and was not long in +finding that it came from the cable. Chin-Fan kept it up until he was +rescued, and just about the time he was taken on board the ship he was +missed by his mother. She came paddling down the river in search of him, +and shouted to everybody she met that her baby was missing. The sailor +held little Chin-Fan up so that she could see him, and in a very short +time he was back in his place on the deck of the boat.</p> + +<p>For a good while after that incident Chin-Fan kept at a respectful +distance from the side of the boat, and he did not show any desire to +make the acquaintance of strange babies in the water. His mother taught +him how to swim, and he became a boatman at Canton, and afterward he was +a sailor on one of the great steamers that run between San Francisco and +China. He did a great many brave things in and on the water, and his +mother was very proud of him; she said she always knew he would be a +famous sailor, when he showed so much good sense and coolness at the +time of his first plunge.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="THE_STORY_OF_GEORGE_WASHINGTON" id="THE_STORY_OF_GEORGE_WASHINGTON"></a>THE STORY OF GEORGE WASHINGTON.</h2> + +<h3>BY EDWARD CARY.</h3> + +<h3><span class="smcap">Chapter I</span>.</h3> + +<p>One hundred and fifty years ago a sturdy, hard-working farmer lived near +the southern bank of the Potomac River, in what was then the English +colony of Virginia. On the 22d day of February, 1732, a son was born in +the modest farm-house, who afterward came to be the most famous, and one +of the noblest, of Americans. His name was George Washington. He grew up +a healthy, hardy boy, quiet in his ways, fond of study, and still more +fond of out-door sport. His playmates loved him because he was fair and +generous, and looked up to him as a leader, because he had a way of +doing what he set out to do.</p> + +<p>George's father died when he was only eleven years old, but his mother +proved a good care-taker for him. She was a bright-minded woman, gentle +but firm, and George always loved her dearly.</p> + +<p>At the age of seventeen he began to earn his own living as a surveyor. +It was no light work in those days, for the country where he had most to +do was in the backwoods. Many a day he trudged through the forest from +dawn to sunset, and lay down at night with nothing but a blanket between +him and the stormy sky. But he was faithful and careful, and got plenty +of work.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_324" id="Page_324">[Pg 324]</a></span></p> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/ill_009.jpg" width="400" height="393" alt="BIRTH-PLACE OF WASHINGTON." title="" /> +<span class="caption">BIRTH-PLACE OF WASHINGTON.</span> +</div> + +<p>From early boyhood Washington had a strong liking for a soldier's life. +He used to train his school-mates as soldiers, was an eager student of +drill and tactics, expert in the use of the sword, and a skillful +horseman. At that time the Indians swarmed through the forest in the +back country, and were often urged on by the French (who claimed the +Ohio and Mississippi valleys as their own) to attack the whites. So the +colony of Virginia had to keep a good many men under arms to protect the +homes and the lives of the people. When Washington was about twenty-two +years old he became a Major in this little army, and devoted a great +deal of time and hard work to training his men.</p> + +<p>In 1755 the French and Indians became so troublesome that quite a large +army was sent over from England to clear the borders of them. General +Braddock was at their head, and he asked Washington to go with him, with +the rank of Colonel, as one of his aides; that is, to be always with +him, and help him with advice, or in carrying orders, and in any way he +could. The gallant young officer was glad to go. The English General did +not know much about fighting in the woods, and his slow and stately +march toward the Ohio did not suit Washington's ideas, for he knew that +nothing could be done against the French unless it was done swiftly.</p> + +<p>When the army neared the French fort, at what is now Pittsburgh, +Washington, who was on his back in an ambulance, sick with fever, +insisted on going to the front, for he knew there would soon be +fighting, and hard fighting, too. The fighting began before it was +looked for. The British troops crossed the Monongahela River, and +marched up a wooded hollow toward the French fort. As they swept up the +hollow in close ranks, with gay red uniforms and gleaming arms, there +suddenly blazed upon them, from unseen guns on every side, a murderous +fire, before which they shrank quickly back. Startled, but not cowed, +their officers rallied them again and again; but they could not see the +enemies whose fire was mowing them down, and they slowly and in great +disorder tried to get back across the river.</p> + +<p>General Braddock was mortally wounded. More than half the army were +killed or wounded. Colonel Washington behaved "with the greatest courage +and resolution." He rode from point to point carrying orders, and seemed +reckless of death. "I had four bullets through my coat," he wrote to his +brother, "and two horses shot under me, yet I escaped unhurt, although +death was levelling my companions on every side of me."</p> + +<p>Fifteen years later an old Indian, who was in the fight on the French +side, told him that he had fired at him many times, and ordered his +young warriors to do so. None of the shots hit, and the Indians, +thinking the young officer was under the special care of the Great +Spirit, ceased to fire at him.</p> + +<p>After this battle, Colonel Washington was kept in bed for four long +months with a fever, which was made worse by his exposure on the +battle-field. He had little more hard fighting to do, but he learned +many a good lesson from the war—especially to rely on himself, and to +study his own way out of any troubles that he met. His fame went, too, +to the other colonies, and the young Colonel of Militia was becoming +known as a man on whose courage and faithfulness and sound good sense it +would do for his country to lean in time of trial.</p> + +<h4>[<span class="smcap">to be continued</span>.]</h4> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="PUCK_AND_BLOSSOM" id="PUCK_AND_BLOSSOM"></a>PUCK AND BLOSSOM.</h2> + +<h3>From the German of Marie Von Olfers.</h3> + +<h3>PART I.</h3> + +<p>Once upon a time Puck and his little sister Blossom lived together in a +great big egg.</p> + +<p>"It's too close in here," said Puck: "let's go and see how it looks +outside." Bang! went his head, right through the wall.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/ill_010.jpg" width="400" height="264" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<p>Outside it was raining, so he drew back his head in a hurry; but the +rain came pattering in after him. "Oh, my doodness!" moaned Blossom, "is +<i>that</i> how it is outside? Now we shall det wet to the skin."</p> + +<p>"Come," said Puck, "let's go find us another house; it'll be better +by-and-by."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_325" id="Page_325">[Pg 325]</a></span></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 393px;"> +<img src="images/ill_011.jpg" width="393" height="400" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<p>So they went, and they went, till they came to old Mother Bee, who lived +with her children in the leafy house of the linden-tree.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/ill_012.jpg" width="400" height="332" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<p>"Oh, come in," said she; "but you must sit quite still, or else my +children will sting you. As for me, I must go and gather honey."</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/ill_013.jpg" width="400" height="296" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<p>For a little while they sat quite still. "Sister Blossom," said Puck, +"it's too close in here. I must go see where they keep the honey." He +was starting off that very minute, but all the Bee children flew up in +such a rage, and fastened themselves upon Puck and Blossom, that they +got away, they hardly knew how.</p> + +<p>"I didn't even det a taste of their old honey, and I'm all stung up," +sobbed Blossom.</p> + +<p>"Never mind," said Puck, comfortingly, "it'll be better by-and-by."</p> + +<p>On the meadow whom should they meet but Master Stork. "Oh, take us with +you up to your nest!" cried Puck. Master Longlegs, being quite willing, +quickly snatched up the children in his long bill, and set them down in +his nest.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/ill_014.jpg" width="400" height="373" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<p>"Sit still," said he, "then you'll have plenty of room."</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/ill_015.jpg" width="400" height="376" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<p>For a little while they sat quite still. "Sister Blossom," said Puck, +"it's too close in here. I've seen young storks fly. I know how they do +it; I can do it too. Come, now, you do just what I do." He spread his +little arms, she spread her little arms, and—</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/ill_016.jpg" width="400" height="197" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<p>Thump!—they lay on the ground.</p> + +<h4>[<span class="smcap">to be continued</span>.]</h4> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_326" id="Page_326">[Pg 326]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"><a name="OUR_POST_OFFICE_BOX" id="OUR_POST_OFFICE_BOX"></a> +<img src="images/ill_017.jpg" width="600" height="252" alt="OUR POST-OFFICE BOX." title="" /> +</div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Milwaukee, Wisconsin</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I have subscribed for <span class="smcap">Young People</span> for a year. When I have read +it, I send it to my cousins in England. We are going there in +June, to stay at my grandfather's house. I shall be eight years +old on the 25th of March, and I have been across the ocean six +times. I will write when I am in England, and tell you about the +beautiful things I shall see there. Grandma has some rabbits +waiting for me. There is a pond there, with ducks, and Chinese +geese, and swans, and all kinds of fowls.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">John MacC.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Muskogee, Indian Territory</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I am nine years old. We live on a hill. There are many hills here +just like it, and the people here call them mounds. They are +shaped very queer. They rise straight up on one side. There are +rocks on some, and on others trees. We have two ponies, and when +we go hunting, they let me ride on one of them. When they shoot +anything, I go and bring it back to the buggy.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Eva S. T.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Jefferson Barracks, Maine</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I am a poor boy. I lived with an officer here, and I was so fond +of reading the daily papers and other things that his wife kindly +subscribed for <span class="smcap">Young People</span> for me, and I like it very much. I +live in the woods, and I caught nineteen wild rabbits this winter +in traps. I tried to tame some of them, but I could not. I wish +you would tell me how to tame them.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Joseph D.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<p>Have any of our correspondents had experience in taming wild rabbits?</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Grahamville, Oklawaha River, Florida</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I am a little boy eight years old, and a subscriber to <span class="smcap">Young +People</span>. I made the money myself that paid for the subscription. I +live away down in Florida, and during the winter months I sell +flowers and curiosities to the Northern visitors. I have made +twenty dollars this season. I don't go to school now, but my mamma +and papa teach me at home. I have a handsome scroll-saw, and can +make nice brackets. I had a shepherd dog, but it died. I want to +take <span class="smcap">Young People</span> till I am a grown-up man.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Turner E.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Davenport, Iowa</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I want to tell you something about myself. My papa was an +American. When he was young, he went to Florence, Italy. There he +met my mamma, who was an Italian lady, and married her. I was born +in Florence. When I was five years old we moved to Spain. Then I +learned the Spanish language. Papa taught me to speak English. We +staid in Spain one year, and then moved to America, and came out +here. We had not been here long when mamma—poor dear +mamma!—died. Then papa went back to Italy, and left me with Aunt +Esther. He died while he was there, and now I am an orphan. I am +eleven years old, and I can speak and write Italian, French, +Spanish, and English, and I am studying German now. I want to be +an artist some day, and go back to Italy, and make my name +renowned. A friend here gives me <span class="smcap">Young People</span>, and I like it so +much! Please put some nice pictures in it for me to draw.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Aurora</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Danville, Illinois</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>Some little girls—my cousins Nellie and Fannie, Clara Hessey, +Nellie Woods, and Kittie Short—are going to have a cooking club, +and I wish some other little girls would send some receipts. My +cousin Nellie sends you a letter too.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Puss H.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>Here is a receipt for sugar-candy that some little girl may like +to try: Two table-spoonfuls vinegar; four table-spoonfuls water; +six table-spoonfuls sugar (brown is best). Boil twenty minutes, +and pour into a buttered plate. I think the Spanish Dancer was +very pretty.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Nellie H.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Fort Smith, Arkansas</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I am a reader of <span class="smcap">Young People</span>. I live on the border of the Indian +country, and I see plenty of Indians when they come to town to +trade. I went to the United States jail not long ago, and I saw +about fifty prisoners. Some of them were white, some Indians, and +some negroes. They were all together. I felt so sorry for them. I +am ten years old, and I go to school.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Carl C. M.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Fort Plain, New York</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>My uncle has come home from India, and brought my brother and +myself a beautiful bow, quiver, and arrows. The bow and arrows are +made of black cocoa-nut wood, and have ivory tips. The arrows have +pointed ends, and colored feathers on the head. The target is +three feet high, and has an ivory heart in the middle. In the +centre of the heart there is a hole. We have a club of girls and +boys, and the one that shoots his arrow in the hole gets a prize. +The next prize to be given is an upright writing-case. We only +shoot once a week for the prize, but we can shoot other times as +much as we wish. Charlie Clark got the prize a month ago. It was a +pair of skates. We live in Chicago, and are going home in May. We +are visiting my grandma now.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Pearl F. S.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Fort Warren, Boston</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I have a pet Newfoundland dog about three months old. I am +teaching him to "fetch and carry." He is very intelligent, and +learns very quickly. Every morning he waits at the door of our +quarters for my papa, and when papa goes to his office he carries +his papers for him. He looks so much like a young bear that we +call him Oso, which is Spanish for bear. I am ten years old, and I +live on an island in Boston Harbor.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Mary B. R.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Syracuse, New York</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I want to tell you about a baby bear I saw yesterday. A man had it +in a store. He brought it from the North Woods. It was so gentle +that mamma held it in her hands, and I took hold of its little +paw. We have two canaries, named Dick and Daisy. Daisy has made +her nest, and there are two pretty little blue eggs in it. If we +should have any little birds by-and-by, I will write and tell you +about them.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Ethel M. L.</span> (6 years).</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">San Francisco, California</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I am nine years old. I found the answer to the Geographical Double +Acrostic in No. 18. "Sadie," the little girl who made it, is three +years older than I am, but I have studied geography the last two +years, and I think I can find out any geographical puzzle she can +make. Ask her to try again, please.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Maud T. K.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Munich, Germany</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I am a little girl six years old, and my name is Meta, but my +sisters call me Peter. My thirteen dolls have all funny names. My +rubber boy doll is Moses in the Bulrushes. My big rubber doll is +Pharaoh's Daughter. I live in Germany, and am learning German. I +hope next year to go back to America, and I shall be glad to see +all my friends again. I have two gold-fishes, and I feed them with +fish food. Papa bought me a microscope to look at bugs with. I am +tired, so I will stop.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Meta F.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Salem, Massachusetts</span>, <i>March 25, 1880</i>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I wrote you last November, and told you I was lame, and confined +to the house. I am in the house still, but better. I have a +gentleman friend who comes to see me every other day, and last +week he brought me a plant which he got in the woods, called +hepatica, and it is now on my window, in bloom. It is sometimes +called liverwort. [Hepatica is a Latin word, and signifies +pertaining to the liver.] The willow "pussies" have been out here +two weeks. As I can not go out and enjoy sports like other boys, I +amuse myself by reading, and I enjoy <span class="smcap">Harper's Young People</span> and<span class="smcap"> +Weekly</span> very much. I fare pretty well for a sick boy, for I take +five different periodicals.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Horace F. H.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Orange, New Jersey</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I thought some of the young readers might like to hear about our +alligator. It is about nine inches long, from its tail to its +nose. It came from Florida last month. We keep it in a tub. It +would not eat much, but we feed it by tapping it on the nose, and +putting a small piece of meat on its tongue with a stick.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">J. O. U., Jun.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<p>You would better give your alligator a piece of board to crawl up on, +for it will die if compelled to remain constantly in the water.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Melrose, Massachusetts</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I found a caterpillar when I was going to school one morning last +fall. When I came back, I brought it home with me. I put it under +a glass globe, and fed it with milkweed leaves for about a week, +and then it changed into a large brown butterfly, with black and +white spots on its wings. We put it on a piece of Brazilian wood, +such as naturalists use, which a lady gave me. The time to find +the caterpillars is in July and August. I am trying to keep a +cabinet. I found willow "pussies" last January. I put the twigs in +a vase of water, and now they have leaves on them about an inch +long.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Arthur L. H.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<p>Your caterpillar must have passed some time in the chrysalis state +before it became a butterfly. It is very interesting to watch the +process of transformation from a caterpillar to a chrysalis, and nothing +is prettier than the butterfly or moth creeping out of its cell, and +expanding its wings for the first time.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Chester, New Jersey</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I like <span class="smcap">Young People</span> very much. Although I am only eight years old, +I can read it all except the hard names you call some of the +animals and plants. But papa explains them to me. I have a Maltese +kitty. A short time ago we moved, and I was afraid I would lose +it. A lady told me to take it to the new house, and rub butter on +its paws. I did so, and kitty spent hours licking off the butter. +It kept it busy until it became used to its new home, and +contented to stay.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Mamie B. L.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Concord, New Hampshire</span>, <i>March 22, 1880</i>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>We are four children, two boys and two girls, living in rather a +lonely place, and <span class="smcap">Young People</span> gives us a great deal of pleasure. +In warm weather we hunt wild flowers and go fishing. There is a +brook near here, where I have caught a good many nice pickerel. My +sister has found trailing arbutus buds, which have blossomed in +the house.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">B. M.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">New Haven, Vermont</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I shall be eight years old next August. I have a cat named Pet. I +have a little saw-horse and a little saw, and I saw kindling wood +for Grandpa Kent.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Kent K.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Deer River, New York</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I have four brothers, and we have lots of fun. We have three +lambs, seven rabbits, a pair of peacocks, and guinea-hens, geese, +doves, ducks, and eleven little pigs. My brother Bert is eleven +years old, and I am nine.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">De Vere V.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p>C. V. Hess, No. 440 North Seventh Street, Philadelphia, writes that L. H. N., +of Lockport, Illinois, can obtain collections of minerals by +addressing him as above.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Jersey City, New Jersey</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I take your paper, and nobody is more happy than I when papa +brings it home. Just as soon as my sister comes back, we are going +to get up a sewing society. Do you think it is a good idea?</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;">"<span class="smcap">Blue Light</span>."</span><br /> +</p> + +<p>If you intend to devote your time to making clothes for poor little +girls like Biddy O'Dolan, your sewing society is an excellent idea, and +we hope you will carry it out. If you stop to look about you, there are +many poor children within your reach whose lives you can make brighter +and more comfortable. You can not realize the good you can do until you +begin, and see the effects of your work.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p><span class="smcap">Millie B. S.</span>—The fact that you take <span class="smcap">Young People</span> through a news agent +makes no difference whatever. "Wiggles," puzzles, and other favors from +our young readers all receive the same attention, and are equally +welcome.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p><span class="smcap">C. H. W.</span>—Ceres, called Demeter by the Greeks, was the goddess of +agriculture. She was pictured by the ancients holding a torch and sheaf +of corn, a basket filled with flowers at her side, and a garland of +wheat ears interwoven in her hair. Her festival fell on the 19th of +April, the beginning of seed-time. There is a pretty legend that +Persephone, the daughter of Ceres, was stolen by Pluto, who allowed her +to leave his subterranean kingdom only during the period between +spring-time and autumn, and that Ceres, enraged at the theft of her +daughter, refused to bless the earth with fruits and flowers during +those months when she was deprived of Persephone. The name Ceres is +derived from the Sanskrit, and signifies to create. Vulcan, whose Greek +name was Hephæstus, was the son of Jupiter and Juno, and the god of +fire. He was lame and ugly, but was worshipped as the patron of all +craftsmen who worked at the forge. He is represented by ancient artists +as a powerful, bearded man clad in a workman's cap and short blouse, +surrounded by smith's tools. His festival fell on the 23d of August, +when the young men of Athens ran torch races in his honor. You can +obtain answers to your other question by inquiring at the rooms of the +Society, corner of Court and Joralemon streets, Brooklyn.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p><span class="smcap">Harry Van N.</span>—Wheeling is the capital of West Virginia. The <i>New +Hampshire Gazette</i>, published at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, is the +oldest paper in the Union which has been continued without interruption +or change of name. It was established by Daniel Fowle in 1756. The +Worcester <i>Spy</i>, still in existence, was established in 1770, and there +are several other papers of equal age. The New York <i>Commercial +Advertiser</i> is one of the oldest dailies. It was established in 1793 as +the <i>Minerva</i>, but soon assumed its present name. The New York <i>Evening +Post</i> first appeared in November, 1801. You will find a complete +history<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_327" id="Page_327">[Pg 327]</a></span> of American newspapers in Frederic Hudson's <i>Journalism in the +United States</i>, published by Harper & Brothers.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p><span class="smcap">Willie S. W.</span>—There are no rules by which you can train cats. They are +not so easily taught as dogs and birds; still, with patience and +kindness, you may accomplish your purpose.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p>"<span class="smcap">North Star</span>."—Your puzzle is very neatly and correctly made; but we can +not use it, as we have recently published one with the same solution. Do +not be discouraged, but try again. The book you inquire for is published +by Henry Holt & Co., and is a very useful little volume.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p><span class="smcap">C. W. Lisk</span>.—The dauw (<i>Equus burchellii</i>) is a South African quadruped, +intermediate between the zebra and the quagga. It is found in numerous +herds in the wide plains north of the Orange River. It is somewhat +larger than the zebra, but more easily domesticated.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p><span class="smcap">Willie B. A.</span>—Read the paper on "Gold-Fish" in <span class="smcap">Young People</span> No. 6.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<h3>PUZZLES FROM YOUNG CONTRIBUTORS.</h3> + +<h3>No. 1.</h3> + +<h3>EASY NUMERICAL ENIGMA.</h3> + +<p>The combined numerals in the following sentence form the name of a great +poet, which is composed of 11 letters. A little girl sat in the garden +watching some 6-2-5-8-7 frolicking on the grass. The gardener was at +work with a 10-9-4-11, and he gave her a 7-5-3-10 to eat. Then a poor +Italian came up the road with a 2-9-10-7, and she ran to 9-1-4 her +mother if 6-9-10-3-2 might give him a piece of bread.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Polly</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<h3>No. 2.</h3> + +<h3>DROP-LETTER PUZZLE.</h3> + +<p class="center">Each dash represents a letter. The whole is a familiar proverb:</p> + +<p class="center">B—r—s—f—f—a—h—r—l—c—t—g—t—e—.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">A. T.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<h3>No. 3.</h3> + +<h3>ENIGMA.</h3> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My first is in battle, but not in fight.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My second is in darkness, but not in night.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My third is in brighten, but not in cheer.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My fourth is in antler, but not in deer.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My fifth is in knot, but not in tie.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My sixth is in near, but not in nigh.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My whole is a tropical fruit.</span><br /> +<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Effie Violet</span> (12 years).</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<h3>No. 4.</h3> + +<h3>DOUBLE ACROSTIC.</h3> + +<p>A vegetable. A puzzle. A gem. A buffoon. A bird. Labor. A roll of coin. +An affirmation. Answer—Two branches of an important study.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">C. P. T.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<h3>No. 5.</h3> + +<h3>WORD SQUARE.</h3> + +<p>First, a governor. Second, to join. Third, flexible. Fourth, a girl's +name. Fifth, attachments to fishing-rods.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">E. M.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<h3>No. 6.</h3> + +<h3>ENIGMA.</h3> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My first is in made, but not in done.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My second is in work, but not in fun.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My third is in knit, and also in spun.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My fourth is in take, but not in won.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My fifth is in chase, but not in run.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My sixth is in cake, but not in bun.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My seventh is in left, but not in begun.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My eighth is in mortar, but not in gun.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My whole was a noted French general.</span><br /> +<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">C. W. L.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<h3>ANSWERS TO PUZZLES IN NO. 21.</h3> + +<h3>No. 1.</h3> + +<p class="center">Violet.</p> + +<h3>No. 2.</h3> + +<p class="center">Story of Robinson Crusoe.</p> + +<h3>No. 3.</h3> + +<p class="center">Athens, Orleans, Oporto, Dover, Granada, Naples, Madrid, Paris, Basle, +Berlin, Lyons.</p> + +<h3>No. 4.</h3> + +<p class="center">Candy.</p> + +<h3>No. 5.</h3> + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="10%" summary=""> +<tr><td align='left'>H</td><td align='center'>ebre</td><td align='right'>W</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>U</td><td align='center'>mbrell</td><td align='right'>A</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>D</td><td align='center'>um</td><td align='right'>B</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>S</td><td align='center'>iberi</td><td align='right'>A</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>O</td><td align='center'>at</td><td align='right'>S</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>N</td><td align='center'>eig</td><td align='right'>H</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<p class="center">Hudson, Wabash.</p> + +<h3>No. 6.</h3> + +<p class="center">Wellington.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p>Favors are acknowledged from Lula Barlow, May Thornton, William N., +Carrie G. Hard, Laura Wharry, C. N. MacClure, H. T., Lura W., William H. M., +Frank Haid, Jennie Clark, L. A. G., J. E. Conger, Clarence L. M., +Jennie Graves, Robert Hoyt, Amy R. Du Bois, N. Rust Gilbert, M. H. and +M. B., G. C. M., R. V. Thomas, Munn Trowbridge, Walter B. and Clara M., +Jeanie Curtis, Marion Comer, Nellie Douglas, E. G. L., Lillian Murdoch, +Annie Wright, "Frank," Susie Benedict, Florrie Cox, C. B. Albree, M. +Isaacs, Lillian Morton, Fanny Pierce, Deffie MacKellar.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p>Correct answers to puzzles are received from Maud Knowlton, C. H. MacB., +George W. Raymond, F. Schakers, Fred and Mary Pitney, Susie Randall, +Willie Atkinson, Grace J. Richards, Lottie G., Herbert N. T., Edward +Chamberlin, Hugh Burns, Arthur Brigham, George B. Wendell, Fannie and +Florence M., Rose C., May Fields, Agnes Witzel, Lily and Carrie Levéy, +Huntington Merchant, Etta Rice, Walter Dodge, V. L. Kellogg, Dora +Jelliff, W. S. Wenship, Fannie Rockwell, Pierre Jay, "George," C. H. +Conner, J. E. Marshall, Clara Jaquith, Willie Morris, Jessie G., Katie +and F. Lawlor.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>ADVERTISEMENTS.</h2> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE.</h2> + +<p><span class="smcap">Harper's Young People</span> will be issued every Tuesday, and may be had at +the following rates—<i>payable in advance, postage free</i>:</p> + +<div class='center'><br /> +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""> +<tr><td align='left'><span class="smcap">Single Copies</span></td><td align='right'>$0.04</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><span class="smcap">One Subscription</span>, <i>one year</i></td><td align='right'>1.50</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><span class="smcap">Five Subscriptions</span>, <i>one year</i></td><td align='right'>7.00</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<p>Subscriptions may begin with any Number. When no time is specified, it +will be understood that the subscriber desires to commence with the +Number issued after the receipt of order.</p> + +<p>Remittances should be made by POST-OFFICE MONEY ORDER or DRAFT, to avoid +risk of loss.</p> + +<h3>ADVERTISING.</h3> + +<p>The extent and character of the circulation of <span class="smcap">Harper's Young People</span> +will render it a first-class medium for advertising. A limited number of +approved advertisements will be inserted on two inside pages at 75 cents +per line.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">Address</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 30em;">HARPER & BROTHERS,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 35em;">Franklin Square, N. Y.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h1><a name="CANDY" id="CANDY"></a>CANDY</h1> + +<p>Send one, two, three, or five dollars for a sample box, by express, of +the best Candies in America, put up elegantly and strictly pure. Refers +to all Chicago. Address</p> + +<h3>C. F. GUNTHER,</h3> +<h4>Confectioner,</h4> +<h4>78 MADISON STREET, CHICAGO.</h4> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><b>CARDS OF BEAUTIFUL PRESSED SEA-FERNS</b>, from New England coast, at 25 +cents per dozen, postpaid. Will be sent to any address on receipt of +price, by</p> + +<h3>B. A. A., Vineyard Grove,</h3> +<h4>Lock Box 54.</h4> +<h4>Dukes Co., Mass.</h4> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>OUR CHILDREN'S SONGS.</h2> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h3>Our Children's Songs. Illustrated. 8vo, Ornamental Cover, $1.00.</h3> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<p>The best compilation of songs for the children that we have ever +seen.—<i>New Bedford Mercury.</i></p> + +<p>This is a large collection of songs for the nursery, for childhood, for +boys and for girls, and sacred songs for all. The range of subjects is a +wide one, and the book is handsomely illustrated.—<i>Philadelphia +Ledger.</i></p> + +<p>It contains some of the most beautiful thoughts for children that ever +found vent in poesy, and beautiful "pictures to match."—<i>Chicago +Evening Journal.</i></p> + +<p>An excellent anthology of juvenile poetry, covering the whole range of +English and American literature.—<i>Independent</i>, N. Y.</p> + +<p>Songs for the nursery, songs for childhood, for girlhood, boyhood, +and sacred songs—the whole melody of childhood and youth bound in +one cover. Full of lovely pictures; sweet mother and baby faces; +charming bits of scenery, and the dear old Bible story-telling +pictures.—<i>Churchman</i>, N. Y.</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h3>Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York.</h3> + +<h4>☞ <span class="smcap">Harper & Brothers</span> <i>will send the above work by mail, +postage prepaid, to any part of the United States, on receipt of the +price.</i></h4> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>Old Books for Young Readers.</h2> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h3>Arabian Nights' Entertainments.</h3> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>The Thousand and One Nights; or, The Arabian Nights' +Entertainments. Translated and Arranged for Family Reading, with +Explanatory Notes, by <span class="smcap">E. W. Lane</span>. 600 Illustrations by Harvey. 2 +vols., 12mo, Cloth, $3.50.</p></div> + +<h3>Robinson Crusoe.</h3> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>The Life and Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, of York, +Mariner. By <span class="smcap">Daniel Defoe</span>. With a Biographical Account of Defoe. +Illustrated by Adams. Complete Edition. 12mo, Cloth, $1.50.</p></div> + +<h3>The Swiss Family Robinson.</h3> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>The Swiss Family Robinson; or, Adventures of a Father and Mother +and Four Sons on a Desert Island. Illustrated. 2 vols., 18mo, +Cloth, $1.50.</p> + +<p>The Swiss Family Robinson—Continued: being a Sequel to the +Foregoing. 2 vols., 18mo, Cloth, $1.50.</p></div> + +<h3>Sandford and Merton.</h3> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>The History of Sandford and Merton. By <span class="smcap">Thomas Day</span>. 18mo, Half +Bound, 75 cents.</p></div> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h3>Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York.</h3> + +<h4>☞ <i>Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the +United States, on receipt of the price.</i></h4> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>CHILDREN'S PICTURE-BOOKS.</h2> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>Square 4to, about 300 pages each, beautifully printed on Tinted +Paper, embellished with many Illustrations, bound in Cloth, $1.50 +per volume.</p></div> + +<h3>The Children's Picture-Book of Sagacity of Animals.</h3> + +<p class="center">With Sixty Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Harrison Weir</span>.</p> + +<h3>The Children's Bible Picture-Book.</h3> + +<p class="center">With Eighty Illustrations, from Designs by <span class="smcap">Steinle</span>, <span class="smcap">Overbeck</span>, +<span class="smcap">Veit</span>, <span class="smcap">Schnorr</span>, &c.</p> + +<h3>The Children's Picture Fable-Book.</h3> + +<p class="center">Containing One Hundred and Sixty Fables. With Sixty Illustrations +by <span class="smcap">Harrison Weir</span>.</p> + +<h3>The Children's Picture-Book of Birds.</h3> + +<p class="center">With Sixty-one Illustrations by <span class="smcap">W. Harvey</span>.</p> + +<h3>The Children's Picture-Book of Quadrupeds and other Mammalia.</h3> + +<p class="center">With Sixty-one Illustrations by <span class="smcap">W. Harvey</span>.</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h3>Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York.</h3> + +<h4>☞ <i>Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the +United States, on receipt of the price.</i></h4> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_328" id="Page_328">[Pg 328]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 466px;"> +<img src="images/ill_018.jpg" width="466" height="600" alt="I'M ALL READY." title="" /> +<span class="caption">I'M ALL READY.</span> +</div> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="DECAPITATED_CHARADE" id="DECAPITATED_CHARADE"></a>DECAPITATED CHARADE.</h2> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My whole a churchman is of weight,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">Summoned his grievances to state,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">Where, in the lofty audience-hall,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">The bishops are assembled all.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">His head cut off reveals his plan,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">Which he will do as best he can.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">What's left, again beheaded, shows</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">The state of mind in which he goes,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">As, mounted on his good gray steed,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">He rides along through vale and mead.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">Behead that word, and, lo! 'tis plain</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">Why all his efforts were in vain.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">Dejected now, at close of day,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">He, sighing, takes his homeward way.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">Behead once more: see what he did</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">Ere sleep fell on each weary lid.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="A_GEOGRAPHICAL_GAME" id="A_GEOGRAPHICAL_GAME"></a>A GEOGRAPHICAL GAME.</h2> + +<p>An amusing and instructive geographical game has just been invented by +M. Levasseur, a well-known French geographer. It is called "Tour du +Monde," and is played on a large terrestrial globe, richly illustrated, +and divided into 232 spherical rectangles, each of which is marked with +a number corresponding to a number on a list which indicates gains or +losses in the game. A brass rib or meridian running from pole to pole of +the globe, but raised above the latter, is perforated with a row of +eighteen holes; and there are eighteen tiny flags provided for the +purpose of being planted in the holes. Each flag corresponds to one of +the principal states of the world, from China the most populous to +Holland the least populous.</p> + +<p>To play the game the globe is set revolving, and a player, commencing at +the south pole, plants a flag into each hole one after another at each +revolution of the globe, and advances northward. The score of the +player, which may be either a gain or a loss, is determined by the +nature of the facts indicated on the rectangular space above which a +flag may stand when the globe stops revolving; and this is, of course, +the interesting and humorous part of the game. London, for example, +counts thirty, Paris twenty, and so on, according to population. A coal +mine, a Manchester cotton factory, a grain mart, all are reckoned gains; +but an encounter with a Zulu or a lion in Africa, a storm in the +Atlantic, a polar iceberg, a crocodile on the Nile, naturally go for +serious losses.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="A_PERSONATION_WHAT_IS_MY_NAME" id="A_PERSONATION_WHAT_IS_MY_NAME"></a>A PERSONATION; WHAT IS MY NAME?</h2> + +<h3>BY ELEANOR JOY.</h3> + +<p>I was a queen of royal birth. I was married on the 8th of September, +1761, to a certain King of England, with whom I lived for fifty-seven +years. I had fifteen children, all of whom lived to grow up except two. +The king whom I married had never seen me, and was only attracted toward +me by my writing him an eloquent letter on the miseries and calamities +of war. I was brought to England in a yacht covered with streamers and +flowers. I was not very handsome, and the king, my husband, winced when +he saw I was not as beautiful as some of his ladies at court. But he +soon began to love me, and I lived happily with him till my death. Who +am I?</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="THE_METRIC_SYSTEM_IN_COINS" id="THE_METRIC_SYSTEM_IN_COINS"></a>THE METRIC SYSTEM IN COINS.</h2> + +<p>It may not be generally known that we have in the nickel five-cent piece +of our coinage a key to the tables of the linear measures and weights of +the metric system. The diameter of this coin is two centimeters, and its +weight is five grams. Five of them placed in a row will, of course, give +the length of the decimeter; and two of them will weigh a decagram. As +the litre is a cubic decimeter, the key to the measure of length is also +the key to measures of capacity. Any person, therefore, who is fortunate +enough to own a five-cent nickel may be said to carry in his pocket the +entire metric system of weights and measures.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 524px;"> +<img src="images/ill_019.jpg" width="524" height="600" alt="GIVING THE BABIES AN AIRING." title="" /> +<span class="caption">GIVING THE BABIES AN AIRING.</span><br /><br /> +</div> + +<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_1_1" id="Footnote_1_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_1"><span class="label">[1]</span></a> The Smoke-House was a small stone structure something like +a sentry-box, only with an iron door and grated windows. In this +negroes, petty criminals, vagrants, and drunkards were confined. It +stood at the junction of the two most important streets of the town.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_2_2" id="Footnote_2_2"></a><a href="#FNanchor_2_2"><span class="label">[2]</span></a> Newcastle County, Delaware, formerly a portion of Penn's +Proprietary Government in the Americas.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_3_3" id="Footnote_3_3"></a><a href="#FNanchor_3_3"><span class="label">[3]</span></a> Here Michael must be corrected. Of the forty-nine millions +of Russian peasants, only twenty-three millions were actually serfs.</p></div> + +</div> + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg's Harper's Young People, April 13, 1880, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, APR 13, 1880 *** + +***** This file should be named 28778-h.htm or 28778-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/2/8/7/7/28778/ + +Produced by Annie McGuire + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Harper's Young People, April 13, 1880 + An Illustrated Weekly + +Author: Various + +Release Date: May 12, 2009 [EBook #28778] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, APR 13, 1880 *** + + + + +Produced by Annie McGuire + + + + + + + + +[Illustration: HARPER'S + +YOUNG PEOPLE + +AN ILLUSTRATED WEEKLY.] + + * * * * * + +VOL. I.--NO. 24. PUBLISHED BY HARPER & BROTHERS, NEW YORK. PRICE FOUR +CENTS. + +Tuesday, April 13, 1880. Copyright, 1880, by HARPER & BROTHERS. $1.50 +per Year, in Advance. + + * * * * * + + + + +[Illustration: MISS NANCY TAKES LEAVE OF THE OFFICERS.] + +NANCY HANSON'S PROJECT. + +BY HOWARD PYLE. + + +It was in the old Quaker town of Wilmington, Delaware, and it was the +evening of the day on which the battle of Brandywine had been fought. +The country people were coming into town in sledges, and in heavy low +carts with solid wheels made of slices from great tree trunks, loaded +with butter, eggs, milk, and vegetables; for the following day was +market-day. Market-day came every Fourth-day (Wednesday) and every +Seventh-day (Saturday). Then the carts drew up in a long line in Market +Street, with their tail-boards to the sidewalk, and the farmers sold +their produce to the town people, who jostled each other as they walked +up and down in front of the market carts--a custom of street markets +still carried on in Wilmington. + +Friend William Stapler stopped, on his way to market in his cart, at +Elizabeth Hanson's house, in Shipley Street, to leave a dozen eggs and +two pounds of butter, as he did each Tuesday and Friday evening. +Elizabeth came to the door with a basket for half a peck of potatoes. +William Stapler took off his broad-brimmed hat, and slowly rubbed his +horny hand over his short-cut, stubbly gray hair. + +"Ah! I tell thee, Lizabeth, they're a-doin' great things up above +Chadd's Ford. I hearn th' canning a-boomin' away all day to-day. Ah, +Lizabeth, the world's people is a wicked people. They spare not the +brother's blood when th' Adam is aroused within them. They stan' in +slippery places, Lizabeth." + +"Does thee think they're fighting, William?" + +"Truly I think they are. Ah! I tell thee, Lizabeth, they're differen' 'n +when I was young. Then we only feared the Injuns, 'n' now it's white men +agin white men. They tuck eight young turkeys of mine, 'n' only paid me +ten shillin' fer 'em." + +"But, oh, William, I do hope they're not fighting! I expect my +son-in-law, Captain William Bellach, and his friend Colonel Tilton, will +stop here on their way to join General Washington; and they may arrive +to-night." + +"Ah, Lizabeth, I've lifted up my voice in testimony agin the young men +goin' to the wars an' sheddin' blood. 'F a man diggeth a pit an' falleth +into it himself, who shall help him out thereof? Half a peck o' +potatoes, did thee say, Lizabeth?" + + * * * * * + +During the evening rumors became more exciting, and it was said that the +Americans had been defeated, and were retreating toward Philadelphia. +Late that night Captain Bellach and Colonel Tilton arrived at Elizabeth +Hanson's house. + +"I've heard the rumors, mother," said Captain Bellach. "I don't believe +'em; but even if there was a file of British at the door here, I would +be too tired to run away from them." + +Pretty Nancy Hanson spoke up. "But, Billy, they would not only send thee +and thy friend to the hulks if they caught thee, but they might be rude +to us women were they to find thee here." + +"Yes, sister-in-law, if I thought there was any danger, I would leave +instantly; but the British, even if they have beaten us, will be too +tired to come here to-night." + +"I agree with my friend Will, Mistress Nancy," said Colonel Tilton. +"Moreover, our horses are too tired to take us farther to-night." + +About two o'clock in the morning the silence of the deserted streets of +the town was broken by a rattling and jingling of steel, the heavy, +measured tread of feet, and sharp commands given in a low voice. + +Nancy Hanson awakened at the noise, and jumping out of bed, ran to the +window and looked out into the moon-lit street beneath. A file of +red-coated soldiers were moving by toward the old Bull's Head Tavern. +The cold moonlight glistened on their gun-barrels and bayonets as they +marched. Nancy ran to her mother's room and pounded vigorously on the +door. + +"Mother! mother! waken up!" she cried; "the British are come to town, +sure enough!" + +The family were soon gathered around the dull light of a candle, the +gentlemen too hastily awakened to have their hair _en queue_, the ladies +in short gowns and petticoats; Elizabeth Hanson wore a great starched +night-cap perched high upon her head. + +"You were right, sister-in-law," said Captain Bellach, "and I was wrong. +The best thing we can do now is to march out and take our chances." + +"So say I," assented the Colonel. + +"It's all well enough for thee, Billy, to talk of marching out and +taking thy chances," said Nancy; "thee has thy black citizen's dress; +but Colonel Tilton is in uniform." + +"True; I forgot." + +"It does not matter," said the Colonel. + +"Yes, but it does," cried Nancy. "Stay now until morning, and I think I +can get thee citizen's clothes. I have a project, too, to get thee off. +For mother's sake, though, we must hide thy uniform, for if it is found +here, she will be held responsible. Billy, thee will have to go with thy +friend back to the bedroom and bring us his things as soon as he can +take them off. Thee must lie abed, Colonel Tilton." + +Nancy's plans were carried into execution. The bricks in one of the +up-stairs fire-places were taken up, the sand beneath them removed, and +the Colonel's uniform deposited in the vacant place, over which the +bricks were carefully replaced. + + * * * * * + +In the gray of the morning Peggy Allison and Hannah Shallcross, on their +way to market, each with a basket on her arm, met in front of Elizabeth +Hanson's house. A company of soldiers had halted in Shipley Street, and +their arms were stacked before Elizabeth's door. The red-coated soldiers +were lounging and talking and smoking. Some officers sat around a fire +near by warming their hands, for the morning was chill. + +"'Tis a shame!" said Hannah Shallcross, vigorously--"'tis a shame to see +these redcoats parading our streets as bold as a brass farthing. I only +wish I was John Stedham the constable; I'd have 'em in the +Smoke-House[1] or the stocks in a jiffy, I tell thee!" + +She spoke loudly and sharply. A young British officer, who was passing, +stepped briskly up, and tapped her on the arm. + +"Madam," said he, "do you know that you are all prisoners? Be advised by +me, and return quietly home until the town is in order." + +However patriotic Hannah might be, she did not think it advisable to +disregard this order, and both dames retreated in a flutter. As the +young officer stood looking after them, the house door opposite him +opened, and Nancy Hanson appeared upon the door-step. She had dressed +herself carefully in her fine quilted petticoat and best flowered +over-dress, and looked as pretty and fresh as an April morning. + +"Friend," said she, in a half-doubtful, half-timid voice. The young +officer whipped off his cocked hat, and bent stiffly, as you might bend +a jackknife. + +"Madam, yer servant," he answered. He spoke with a slight brogue, for he +was an Irish gentleman. + +"We have a friend with us," said Nancy, "who hath been compelled for a +time to keep his bed. He was brought here last night on account of the +battle, and was too weary to go further. Our neighbor Friend John +Stapler, across the street, hath thick stockings, and I desire to get, +if I can, a pair from him, as, thee may know, in cases of dropsy the +legs are always cold. I am afraid to cross the street with these +soldiers in it. Would thee escort me?" + +"Madam, you do me infinite honor in desiring me escort," said the young +officer, bowing more deeply than before; for Nancy was very pretty. + +Friend John Stapler was a very strict Friend, and as such was inclined +to favor the royalist side; still, he was willing to do a kindly turn +for a neighbor. He was a wrinkled, weazened little man, whose face, with +its pointed nose and yellowish color, much resembled a hickory nut. + +"Hum-m-m!" ejaculated he, when Nancy, who had left the officer at the +door, stated the case to him--"hum-m-m! thus it is that intercourse with +the world's people defileth the chosen. Still, I may as well help thee +out o' the pother. Hum-m-m! I suppose my small-clothes would hardly be +large enough, would they?" and he looked down at his withered little +legs. + +"I hardly think so," said Nancy, repressing a smile, as she pictured to +herself the tall dignified Colonel in little John Stapler's +small-clothes. + +"Well, well," said he, "I'll just step out the back way, and borrow a +suit from John Benson. He's the fattest man I know." + +He soon returned with the borrowed clothes, which they wrapped up in as +small a bundle as possible, after which Nancy rejoined the officer at +the door. + +"'Tis a largish bundle of stockings," observed he, as he escorted her +across the street again. + +"They are thick stockings," she answered, demurely. + +When they reached home, she invited her escort and his brother officers, +who were gathered around the fire near by, to come in and take a cup of +coffee--an offer they were only too glad to accept, after their night +march. + +"Gentlemen," said Nancy, as they sat or stood around drinking their hot +coffee, "I suppose you have no desire to retain our afflicted friend a +prisoner? The doctor, who is with him at present, thinks it might +benefit him to be removed to the country. I spoke to my friend whom I +saw this morning, and he promised to send a coach. May he depart +peaceably when the coach comes?" + +"Faith," said the young Irish officer, "he may depart. He shall not be +molested. I command here at present." + +"What is the matter with the invalid?" inquired another officer. + +"He appeareth to have the dropsy," answered Nancy, gravely. + +In about half an hour an old-fashioned coach, as large as a small +dwelling-house, and raised high from the ground on great wheels, +lumbered up to the door. The steps were let down, or unfolded, until +they made a kind of step-ladder, by which the passenger ascended to the +coach which loomed above. The door stuck, in consequence of being +swelled by the late rains, and was with difficulty opened. The officers +stood around, waiting the appearance of the invalid, and the young +Irishman who had been Nancy's escort waited at the door to help her in, +for she was to accompany her afflicted relative to the ferry. + +The house door opened, and she appeared, bearing a pillow and blanket to +make the sick man comfortable. She arranged these, and stepped back into +the house to see him moved. Then, with a shuffling of feet, the +pretended victim of dropsy appeared, dressed in plain clothes, and so +enormously puffed out that there was scarcely room for him in the +passageway. The so-called doctor, dressed in black, and wearing a pair +of black glass spectacles, assisted the invalid on one side, and Nancy +supported him on the other. The dropsical one groaned at every step, and +groaned louder than ever as they pushed, squeezed, and crowded him up +the steps and into the coach. Nancy and the doctor followed, and the +Irish officer put up the steps and clapped to the door, while Nancy +smiled a farewell through the window to him as the great coach rumbled +away toward the Christiana River. + +"Oddzooks!" exclaimed one of the officers, "that is the fattest Quaker I +ever saw." + +He would have been surprised if he had seen the fat Quaker draw a stout +pillow from under his waistcoat after the coach had moved away, while +the doctor stripped some black court-plaster from the back of his +spectacles, and instead of the invalid and the physician appeared two +decidedly military-looking gentlemen. + +The coach and its occupants had lumbered out of sight for some time, and +the young officer still remained lounging near the door of Mistress +Hanson's house, when an orderly, splashed with mud from galloping over +yesterday's battle-field, clattered up to the group. + +"Which is Major Fortescue?" he asked, in his sharp military voice. + +"I am," answered the young Irish officer. + +"Order for you, sir;" and he reached the Major a folded paper, sealed +with a blotch of wax as red as blood. He opened it, and read: + + "You will immediately arrest two men, officers in the rebel army, + known respectively as Colonel Tilton and Captain Bellach. + Information has been lodged at head-quarters that they are now + lying concealed at Mistress Elizabeth Hanson's in Wilmington town. + You will report answer at once. By order of + + Colonel ROBERT WYCHERLY, R. A., + Com. 5th Div. H. M. A. + in the Province of Pennsylvania. + + To Major ALLAN FORTESCUE, + Commander at Wilmington, + in the Lower County of Newcastle."[2] + +"Stop them!" roared Major Fortescue, as soon as he could catch his +breath. He gave a sharp order to the soldiers lounging near; they seized +their arms, and the whole party started at double quick for the ford of +the Christiana River, half a mile away, whither the coach had directed +its course. + + * * * * * + +Meanwhile the fugitives had arrived at the bank of the river, where they +found that the ferryman was at the other side, and his boat with him. He +was lying on the stern seat, in the sun, and an empty whiskey bottle +beside him sufficiently denoted the reason of his inertia. When the +Colonel called to him, he answered in endearing terms, but moved not; +and when the officer swore, the ferryman reproved him solemnly. Affairs +were looking gloomy, when Captain Bellach, who had been running up and +down the embankment that kept the river from overflowing the marsh-lands +that lay between it and the hill on which the town stood, gave a shout +which called the Colonel and Nancy to him. They found that he had +discovered an old scow half hidden among the reeds; it was stuck fast in +the mud, and it was only by great exertions that the two gentlemen +pushed it off the ooze into the water. The Colonel then took Nancy in +his arms, and carried her across the muddy shore to the boat, where he +deposited her; then pushing off the scow, he leaped aboard himself. + +"Lackaday for my new silk petticoat, all spotted and ruined!" cried +Nancy. "I'd rather have been taken prisoner at once!" And she looked +down ruefully upon the specks of blue marsh mud that had been splashed +upon that garment. + +Neither of the men answered. The boat leaked very badly when it was +fairly out in the water, and the Colonel was forced to bail it out with +his hat. The Captain sat in the middle of the boat, paddling it with a +piece of board. His hat had blown off, and his black silk small-clothes +were covered with mud. The tide was running strongly, and as the boat +drifted down the stream, it was swung round and round in spite of the +Captain's efforts to keep it straight, while the leak gained on them, +until Nancy, with a sigh, was compelled to take her best beaver hat, +ribbons and all, and help the Colonel bail. + +They were scarcely more than half across when Major Fortescue and his +squad of soldiers dashed up to the bank. They ran along the embankment, +keeping pace with the boat as it drifted with the tide. + +"Halt!" cried the officer; but no one in the boat answered. "Halt, or I +shoot!" But Captain Bellach only paddled the harder. + +"Make ready! Take aim!--" + +"Down, for your life!" cried Colonel Tilton, sharply, dragging Nancy +down into the bottom of the boat, where Captain Bellach flung himself +beside them. It was the work of a moment. The next instant--"Fire!" they +heard the royalist order, sharply, from the bank. + +"Cra-a-a-ack!" rattled the muskets, and the bullets hummed venomously +around the boat like a swarm of angry hornets. + +None of the fugitives were hurt, though two of the bullets struck the +side of the boat; but Nancy's petticoat was entirely ruined by the mud +and water in the bottom. Before the redcoats could reload, they had +reached the further shore, and run into a corn field near by, in which +they were entirely hidden. Captain Bellach wanted to go up the stream +and thrash the drunken ferryman; but the Colonel and Nancy dissuaded +him, and they made the best of their way to Dover, which they reached +after a very weary journey. There Nancy, who considered it safer to +absent herself from home while the British retained possession of +Wilmington, found herself the heroine of the hour; and she was feted and +dined and made much of, until it would have completely turned a less +sensible little head than hers. + +In after-years, when her husband presented her to President Washington, +"Ah, Mistress Tilton," said his Excellency, "your husband should indeed +value an affection that not only endangered a life, but even sacrificed +a fine silk petticoat, for his sake." + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[1] The Smoke-House was a small stone structure something like a +sentry-box, only with an iron door and grated windows. In this negroes, +petty criminals, vagrants, and drunkards were confined. It stood at the +junction of the two most important streets of the town. + +[2] Newcastle County, Delaware, formerly a portion of Penn's Proprietary +Government in the Americas. + + + + +[Begun in No. 19 of HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, March 9.] + +ACROSS THE OCEAN; OR, A BOY'S FIRST VOYAGE. + +A True Story. + +BY J. O. DAVIDSON. + + +CHAPTER VI. + +AN OCEAN PRAIRIE. + +Frank found his new work tolerably easy, though it required constant +attention, for every joint of the machinery had to be watched, and oiled +afresh the moment it began to get dry and hot. There being two other +oilers, he now stood his regular watch of three hours at a time, having +the rest of the day to himself. Most of this leisure time was spent in +talking with Herrick, or studying the ins and outs of the machinery; and +Frank soon learned to "take a card" as well as any man on board. This is +done as follows: a slip of paper is rolled round a brass tube attached +to the valve of the engine cylinder, and a pencil fixed so as to trace +certain curved lines on the paper as it turns, the shape of which shows +the exact working condition of the engine. + +On the fourth afternoon of his new duties Austin heard himself hailed +from the upper deck by a familiar voice: + +"Hello, Frank, my boy! come up and have a look at Daddy Neptune's +pasture-ground." + +Up went Frank with all speed; but his first glance around made him +start. Instead of the deep blue water that had surrounded her a few +hours before, the ship was now in the midst of a smooth green plain, +extending as far as the eye could reach, and covered, to all appearance, +with coarse grass and broad-leaved plants. Nothing was wanting, in fact, +to complete the picture except a few sheep and cattle. + +[Illustration: IN THE SARGASSO SEA.] + +For a moment our hero really thought he must be dreaming; and then he +suddenly recollected his school-book pictures and stories of the famous +Sargasso Sea, where, for thousands of acres together, the water is quite +hidden by a thick growth of "Gulf weed," and knew at once that this must +be it. + +And certainly this ocean prairie was a wonderful sight. As the steamer +ploughed its way through the matted weeds, Frank could see in the narrow +openings their trailing roots hanging far down into the clear cool +depths below. Above these open spaces thousands of sea-birds were +hovering with shrill cries, while ever and anon one of them would swoop +down into the water, re-appearing instantly with a fish wriggling in its +beak. + +In the purple shadow of the weed beds bright-colored fish were moving +lazily to and fro, but these darted swiftly away at the approach of the +steamer. On every side queer little crabs and turtles were plumping into +the water, scared by the plashing wheels, while, stranger still, birds' +nests and eggs were seen here and there amid the huge broad leaves of +the stronger plants, to the great delight of Frank, who thought the idea +of birds nesting in the middle of the Atlantic the finest joke he had +ever heard. + +A mass of the tangle was hauled on board, and the men amused themselves +by stamping on the hollow air-cells which give the weed its buoyancy, +producing a series of cracks like the explosion of fire-crackers. + +"I've heerd tell, though I can't say I've seen it myself," observed a +sailor, "as there's places whar them weeds are so thick and strong that +a man can walk on 'em all the same as dry land." + +"Well, they can stop a ship, anyhow, whether they can carry a man or +not. A chum of mine as v'y'ged here in a Portigee steamer told me that +she once got reg'lar jammed among the weed, and only 'scaped by +reversin' her en_gines_." + +"Well, it's a fact that some whar in these seas there's a place they +call the Lumber Yard, 'cause of all the driftwood and floatin' spars and +bits o' wreck and sich gittin' jumbled up together; for all the currents +sort o' meet there, like them puzzles whar every road leads in and none +out. If a ship once gits in _there_, good-by to her; for there ain't no +wind, nor tide, nor nothin', and you jist stick there till you rot." + +Here old Herrick muttered, dreamily, as if speaking to himself, "_I_'ve +seen that, and I sha'n't forget it in a hurry." + +The men nudged each other, and there was a general silence; for it was +but seldom that Herrick could be got to spin a yarn, and he was now +evidently about to "get off" one of his best. + +"I was cruising in these waters," he went on, "'bout twenty years ago, +when one afternoon we sighted a sort o' mound in among the thickest of +the weed, with somethin' like a ship's mast standin' up from it. The +'old man' came out to look at it, and then gave orders to lower the +boat, and we pulled for the wreck with a will. But as we neared her, the +very look of her seemed to strike cold upon us all. Her hull had such an +old-fashioned build that it might ha' been afloat for a hundred years +and more; and all up the sides and over the deck great slimy coils of +weed had trailed, like them eight-armed squids that clutch men and drag +'em down. As we came nigher, the very sun clouded over, and all was +chill, and gray, and dismal, and the wreck itself looked so unearthly, +with no sign or sound of life about it, that I guess I wasn't the only +one who felt queer when we ran alongside at last. + +"Up we scrambled, our very tread soundin' hollow and uncanny in that +awful silence. Not a livin' thing was there aboard, not even a mouse. +The mainmast was gone, all but a stump, and the moulderin' tackle lay on +the deck all of a heap. The plankin' was rotten and fallin' to bits, and +the place on the starn where her name had been was clean mouldered away. +All at once our coxswain, Bill Grimes, gives a jump and a holler as if +he'd trod on a rattlesnake; and when we ran for'ard, what should we see, +half hid among the weeds, but the skeleton of a man, fastened to the +bulwarks by a rusty chain!" + +The speaker ceased, and looked round the attentive circle with the air +of a man who feels that he has made a hit. + +"A slaver, I reckon," said one, at length. + +"Or a pirate." + +"Or some craft that had got starved out." + +"Ay; but how cum that skeleton there? Did _you_ never find out nothin' +'bout her, old hoss?" + +"_Never_," said the old man, solemnly. "That's how many a gallant ship +has ended--just a mark of 'missing' opposite her name in the owner's +list, and a few poor souls watchin' and waitin' for them that'll never +come back. Ay, boys; for as bright and pretty as these waters look, +there's many a black story hid aneath 'em as'll never be known till the +day when the sea shall give up its dead." + + * * * * * + +They were now east of the Azores, and within four days' run of +Gibraltar, which was their first halting-place. So the men were set to +work to scrub the deck, polish the rails, new paint the boats, mend such +of the signal flags as were torn, and "smarten" up the vessel generally; +for a sea-captain is as proud of his ship as a lands-man of his wife, +and likes to bring her into port as trim as possible. + +Frank, always ready to be of use, took his share of the work, though he +had plenty to occupy him without it. He was never tired of watching the +sun make rainbows in the spray of the bow, and the pretty little +sea-fairies, called by sailors "Portuguese men-of-war," float past with +their tinted shells and outspread feelers; while at night the moon was +so gloriously brilliant, and the sea so clear and smooth, that he often +staid on deck till midnight to enjoy the spectacle. But another sight +was in store for him, even more to his taste than these. + +One evening, just before sunset, two sail (the first for several days) +were descried by the look-out, quite close to each other. Herrick, after +eying them keenly for a moment, pronounced them to be a British steamer +and a full-rigged American clipper ship. + +"How on earth can you tell that?" asked the wondering Frank, who could +see nothing of the strangers but their topmasts. + +"Easy enough. That un's a steamer, by her smoke; and she's a Britisher, +by the _look_ o' the smoke, for they mostly burn soft coal. T'other's a +clipper, by her rig, and the lot o' handkerchiefs [studding sails] she +has aloft; and she's a 'Merican, for nothin' else could hold its own +with a steamer. But what can they be doin' so close together? Ah! _I_'ve +got it--they're a-_racin_'." + +[Illustration: AN OCEAN RACE.] + +When the two vessels came near enough to be signaled, and to reply, +Herrick was found to be right in every particular, and the excitement +aboard the _Arizona_ rose to a height. The captain himself came out to +watch the race, and every man who was not on duty below hastened on +deck. + +"See how Johnny Bull's a-pilin' the coal on!" cried old Herrick, +pointing to the eddying smoke, which grew blacker every minute. "But he +don't whip _that_ craft--not much! Canvas agin tea-kettles any day! +Hooray!" + +"Right you air, old hoss! Guess some o' them clippers can show as good a +record as any steamer afloat. Why, didn't the old _Nabob_ run 7389 miles +in thirty days out thar in the Indian Ocean?--and that's 246 miles a day +for a whole month, anyhow." + +The two racers were now crossing the _Arizona_'s bows, and every one +crowded forward to look at them. The steamer's passengers were seen +clustered along the side like bees, while the crew were bustling to and +fro, setting every sail that would draw. But still on the starboard +quarter hung the beautiful clipper, gliding along smoothly and easily, +one great pyramid of snow-white canvas from gunwale to truck, while the +look-out and the two men at the wheel (the only persons visible on +board) grinned from ear to ear at the "Britisher's" vain efforts. Just +as the clipper passed, the Stars and Stripes fluttered out jauntily at +her peak. + +"Come, boys!" cried Herrick; "let's give the old 'gridiron' a cheer." + +Mingling with the hearty shout that followed (in which Frank joined with +a will) came three sharp blasts from the _Arizona_'s steam-whistle, by +way of salute. Instantly the clipper's crew sprang up from behind the +bulwarks, and, waving their caps, sent back a rousing cheer, answered by +the Englishman with a short whistle of defiance as he swept by. + +Little by little the racers, still close together, melted into the +fast-falling shadows of night; but there were not a few who declared +that, when last seen, the clipper was getting the best of it, and their +belief in the superiority of wind over steam was greatly strengthened +thereby. + +[TO BE CONTINUED.] + + + + +APRIL'S TEARS. + + + April's tears are happy tears. + Joy when the arbutus sweet + Creeps about her dancing feet, + When the violet appears, + When the birds begin to sing, + When the grass begins to grow, + Makes her lovely eyes o'erflow. + She's a tender-hearted thing, + Bonny daughter of the spring. + + + + +BILLY'S GREAT SPEECH. + +BY WILLIAM O. STODDARD. + + +Billy was the youngest member of the debating society; that is, the +other members were all grown-up men, though none of them were very old, +and he was not yet quite fourteen years of age. Some of the boys he knew +told him he had been let in by mistake, and some said it was a joke; but +there he was, week after week, every Friday evening, sitting on a front +bench, and as much a member as the president, or the secretary, or +either of the three vice-presidents. + +One of the names of that village debating society was "The Lyceum," but +it wasn't much used, except when they had distinguished strangers to +lecture for them, and charged twenty-five cents apiece for tickets. + +The regular weekly debates were "free," and so there was always a good +attendance. The ladies, of all ages, were sure to come, and a good many +of the boys. Billy never missed a debate; but he had not yet made so +much as one single solitary speech on any subject. Nobody knew how often +he had entered that hall with a big speech in him, all ready, or how he +had always carried it out again unspoken. + +A little after the Christmas and New-Years' holidays there was a +question proposed for the society to debate that Billy was sure he could +handle. It had something to do with the Constitution of the United +States, and Grandfather Morton said it "was too political altogether"; +but Billy silently determined that at last he would make himself heard. +He read several things in order to get his mind ready, especially the +_Life of Benjamin Franklin_ and _Captain Cook's Voyages_. + +He could not see just how they helped him, but he knew that was the way +to do it. Then he practiced his speech, too, in the garret, and up in +the pasture lot, and out in the barn, where he was sure nobody could +hear him, and the night before the debate was to be he hardly slept a +wink. + +He knew Grandfather Morton and all the family would be there; and they +had scared him out of making more than half a dozen speeches before, but +he made up his mind not to be afraid of them this time. Speak he would! + +He was careful about his dress, as every public speaker should be, and +succeeded in borrowing one of his father's standing collars. It was +dreadfully stiff with starch, but it would not hurt his ears if he held +his head straight. + +When he got to the Lyceum Hall it seemed to him to have grown a good +deal since the week before, and to have a greater multitude of men and +women in it than he had ever dreamed of. + +It was warm, too, and grew warmer very fast, and he wondered why the +rest did not take off their overcoats. Perhaps they would have done so +if they had known Billy was going to address them. + +He knew who was to open the debate on both sides, for that was always +arranged beforehand, and his chance would come afterward. + +He listened to them, and could not help thinking how much better they +must feel when their speeches were all spoken. He knew very well what a +troublesome thing a speech was to keep in, and without any cork. + +Billy thought he had never known men to talk so long as they did--two +young lawyers, three young doctors, the tutor of the village academy, +the sub-editor of the _Weekly Bugle_, Squire Toms's son that was almost +ready to go to college, and the tall young man with red hair who had +just opened the new drug store. + +That was the man who did Billy the most harm, for his argument was +nothing in the wide world but a string of quotations from Daniel +Webster. He called him the Great Expounder, and a great statesman, and a +number of other names, and wound up by asserting that the opinion of +such a great man as that settled the matter. There was a good deal of +applause given to the red-headed young man as he was sitting down, and +Billy took advantage of it; that is, before he knew exactly what he was +doing, he was on his feet, and shouted, "Mr. President!--ladies and +gentlemen--" + +"Mr. Morton has the floor," remarked the president, very dignifiedly; +and Billy, as he afterward said of himself, "was pinned." + +There was no escape for him now, and when Grandfather Morton pounded +with his cane, and shouted, "Platform!" dozens of other people took it +up, and it was "Platform!" "Platform!" "Platform!" all over the hall. He +knew what it meant. All the favorite speakers were sent forward in that +way, and it was a great compliment; but Billy thought he must have +walked forty miles, from the tired feeling in his legs, when he got +there. Oh, how hot that room was just then, and what a dreadful thing it +was to have a crowd like that suddenly begin to keep still! They must +have been holding their breaths. + +Billy knew his speech was in him, for it had been swelling and swelling +while the others were speaking, but he could not quite get any of it +very close to his mouth at that trying moment. + +Stiller and stiller grew the hall, and Billy had a dim notion that it +was beginning to turn around. + +"Mr. President, ladies, and gentlemen--" + +He heard some of the boys over by the window crack some pea-nuts and +giggle. + +"--I don't care a cent for Daniel Webster--" + +Billy paused, and was hunting desperately for the next word; but +Grandfather Morton had voted against Mr. Webster a good many times, and +down came the old gentleman's cane on the floor. + +That was the signal for a storm of applause all over the hall; but Billy +groped in every corner of his mind in vain for the rest of his speech. +Whether he had left it in the garret or the barn, or up in the pasture +lot, it was gone; and when the stamping and clapping stopped, and the +audience began to listen again, there was nothing more for them to hear. + +It was so terribly hot in that hall; and it grew all the more like the +Fourth of July, or a baker's oven, all the way to his seat, after Billy +gave the matter up, and walked down from the platform. + +But how they did cheer then! + +The boys did their best, and even the ladies seemed to be shouting. + +"Did I say anything so good as all that?" thought Billy. + +But at the end of the debate, which came very soon after Billy's effort, +Grandfather Morton shook hands with him very proudly; and it was the +president of the society--and he had been a member of the +Legislature--who came up just then, and said, + +"Capital speech of yours, Mr. Morton. Best thing of the evening." + +"Good, wasn't it?" said Billy's grandfather. "Laid that red-headed +poison peddler as flat as a pancake." + +"Best speech I ever heard in this hall, Mr. Morton; it was so splendidly +short." + +But Billy kept thinking, all the way home, "What would he have said if I +hadn't forgot the rest of it?" + +That was years ago, and Billy is a great lawyer now; but he says he has +never forgotten what it was that made his first speech so very good. + + + + +THE CZAR'S FISH. + +BY DAVID KER. + + +One fine July morning, a few years ago, there was a great stir among the +villagers of Pavlovo, on the Lower Volga, for the news had got abroad +that the Czar was coming down the river, on his way to his Summer Palace +in the Crimea. So, of course, every one was on the look-out for him; for +the Russian peasants of the Volga are a very loyal set, and many old men +and women among them, who have never been out of their native village +before, will tramp for miles over those great, bare, dusty plains on the +chance of catching a passing glimpse of "Alexander Nikolaievitch" +(Alexander the son of Nicholas), as they call the Czar. + +Among those who talked over the great news most eagerly were the family +of an old fisherman, who was known as "Lucky Michael," on account of his +success in catching the finest fish, although hard work and experience +had probably much more to do with it than any "luck." + +But of late "Lucky Michael" had been very _un_lucky indeed. His wife had +been ill, to begin with; and one of his two sons (who helped him with +his fishing) had been disabled for several weeks by a bad hurt in his +arm. Moreover, his boat was getting so crazy and worn out that it seemed +wonderful how it kept afloat at all; but the news of the Czar's coming +seemed to comfort him for everything. + +"If Father Alexander Nikolaievitch would only give us money enough to +buy a new boat!" said old Praskovia, Michael's wife, as she put away +what was left of the huge black loaf that had served for breakfast; "but +I suppose it wouldn't do to ask him." + +"Of course not!" said Michael, who was an independent old fellow; "he's +done quite enough for us already, in making us freemen, when we were all +slaves before.[3] Now, then, let's get to work. Come, Stepan [Stephen], +come, Ivan [John], and let us see what God will send us." + +But at first the luck seemed to be still against them, for they drew +their net twice without catching anything. The third time, however, the +net felt unusually heavy, and there was such a tugging and kicking +inside of it that it was plain they had caught a pretty big fish of some +kind. John, who was the first to look in, gave a loud hurrah, and +shouted, "Father! father!--a sturgeon! a sturgeon!" + +There, sure enough, lay the great fish amid a crowd of smaller ones, in +all the pride of its spiky back, and smooth, brown, scaleless skin. All +three rejoiced at the sight, for a sturgeon will always fetch a good +price in Russia, and the two lads began to think at once how far this +would go toward paying for a new boat. + +They fished some time longer, and made one or two pretty good hauls; but +the sturgeon was the great event of the day. John and Stephen wrapped it +up carefully, and were quite proud to show it to their mother on getting +home; but they looked rather blank at hearing their father say, in a way +which showed that he meant it, + +"This is the finest fish I've ever caught, and I won't sell it to any +one. It's a Czar among fish, just like Alexander Nikolaievitch among us; +so it shall be _his_ fish, and I'll give it to him as he passes." + +The news of Michael's fish, and of what he meant to do with it, soon +spread through the village, and created considerable excitement. But +there was not much time to talk it over, for, two days later, young +Stephen, who had been sent to look out for the Czar's steamer, came +running to say that it was in sight. So Michael put his sturgeon into +the boat, and away they pulled. It was a hard pull against that strong +current, but at last they got near enough to hail the steamer and be +taken in tow. + +Up went Michael, fish and all, and the captain led him aft to where the +Czar and his officers were standing. Many of them were handsome, +stalwart men, all ablaze with lace and embroidery; but the old +fisherman, with his tall, upright figure, clear bright eye, and hale old +face framed in snow-white hair, looked, despite his rough dress, as fine +a man as any of them. + +"See here, father," said he, "this is the finest fish I ever caught, and +so I've kept it for _you_. I want nothing for it; take it as a free +gift." + +"Thank you, brother," said the Czar; "it's a royal fish, indeed, and +I'll have it for dinner this very day, and drink your health over it. +What's your name?" + +"Michael Ribakoff, father, from the village of Pavlovo." + +"Good--I won't forget you. Good-by!" + +When the villagers heard what had happened, they all thought Michael +rather a fool for giving his fish away, when the Czar would have paid a +good price for it. But a week later came a fine new fishing-boat for +"Michael Ribakoff," in the stern locker of which were a complete suit of +fisherman's clothes and a new net, with a piece of paper inscribed, in +the Czar's own handwriting, "_A midsummer gift from Alexander +Nikolaievitch._" And old Michael always said that he valued the paper +far more than the boat. + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[3] Here Michael must be corrected. Of the forty-nine millions of +Russian peasants, only twenty-three millions were actually serfs. + + + + +THE HERMIT AND THE ROBBERS. + + +A gentle hermit, one day, proceeding on his way through a vast forest, +chanced to discover a large cave nearly hidden under-ground. Being much +fatigued, he entered to repose himself awhile; and observing something +shining in the distance, he approached, and found it was a heap of gold. +At the sight he turned away, and hastening through the forest again as +fast as possible, had the misfortune to fall into the hands of three +fierce robbers. They asked from whom he fled, and he answered, "I am +flying from Death, who is urging me sorely behind." + +The robbers, not perceiving any one, cried out, "Show us where he is." +The hermit replied, "Follow me," and proceeded toward the grotto. He +there pointed out to them the fatal place, beseeching them at the same +time to abstain from looking at it. But the thieves, seizing upon the +treasure, began to rejoice exceedingly. They afterward permitted the +good man to proceed on his way, amusing themselves by ridiculing his +strange conduct. At length they began to consider what they should do +with the gold. One of them observed, "We ought not to leave the place +without taking this treasure with us." + +"No," replied another, "we had better not do so; but let one of us take +a small portion, and set out to buy wine and meat in the city, besides +many other things we are in need of;" and to this the other two +consented. + +Now the evil spirit, which is always busy on these occasions, directly +began to tempt the robber who was to go into the city. "As soon," +whispered the bad spirit to him, "as I shall have reached the city, I +will eat and drink of the best of everything as much as I please, and +then purchase what I want. Afterward I will mix with the food intended +for my companions something which I trust will settle their account, +thus becoming sole master of the whole of the treasure, which will make +me one of the richest men in this part of the world;" and as he purposed +to do, so he did. + +He carried the poisoned food to his companions, who, on their part, +while he had been away, had come to the conclusion of killing him on his +return, in order that they might divide the money among themselves, +saying, "Let us fall upon him the moment he comes, and afterward eat +what he has brought, and divide the money between us in much larger +shares than before." + +The robber who had been into the city now returned with the articles he +had bought, and was immediately killed. The others then began to feast +upon the provisions prepared for them, and were seized with violent +pains, and soon died. In this manner all three fell victims to each +other's avarice and cruelty, without obtaining their ill-gotten wealth. + + + + +[Illustration: CARNIVOROUS OCEAN PLANTS.] + +ANIMAL-PLANTS. + + +The aquarium presents a field for delightful and ever-varying study, as +its inhabitants belong to the most curious and interesting of ocean and +fresh-water creatures. Fishes alone are well worthy of close +observation; and when to these are added odd little reptiles, queer +shell-fish, and different classes of the wonderful zoophytes, an +aquarium presents a constantly changing picture of the marvels of ocean +life. + +The zoophytes are the most remarkable of all marine creatures. The name +zoophyte comes from two Greek words--_zooen_, an animal, and _phyton_, a +plant--and therefore has the literal signification of animal-plant. + +An important member of the zoophyte family, and one often introduced +into aquaria, is the actinia, or sea-anemone, sometimes called sea-rose. +Sea-anemones were for a long time considered as vegetables, beautiful +and gayly colored flowers of the ocean, and only comparatively recent +investigation has discovered them to be animals, and blood-thirsty, +voracious little robbers and murderers of the worst character. + +One of the most common among the many varieties of sea-anemones is the +_Actinia mesembryanthemum_. The polypus-hunter who finds this living +flower clinging to sea-coast rocks, and bears it home as an addition to +his aquarium, unless he is already acquainted with the nature of his +prize, will behold with astonishment and delight the wondrous variations +in the appearance of this little creature. Clinging to the rocks, the +anemone probably appeared like a round leathery bag drawn in at the +centre; but when placed on the miniature cliffs of the aquarium, a +wondrous transformation takes place. The bag gradually expands, a mouth +appears in the centre, and from it unfold a multitude of petals of a +variety of colors--pale scarlet, blood-red, orange, and white--which +wave gently back and forth like a graceful nodding flower. Now drop a +small earth-worm or tiny fish in the water. The instant it touches the +least of these petal-like tentacles the whole flower is in commotion, +all the arms reaching toward the struggling victim, and holding it in a +grasp so firm that escape is impossible, and it is soon drawn into the +capacious and hungry stomach. Every animated thing that comes within +reach of the tentacles of the anemone is mercilessly seized and +devoured. Even small mollusks and Crustacea are unable to resist the +power of the grasping threads, and crabs are often conquered and +swallowed by this voracious living flower. For this reason sea-anemones +are dangerous inhabitants of an aquarium stocked with creatures having +the power of locomotion, and are best placed in a tank with other +zoophytes like themselves. How often they eat when free in their natural +element is unknown, but weekly feeding is said to be sufficient to +sustain them in an aquarium. Small bits of meat are acceptable food, +which can be dropped into the water. The instant a descending morsel +touches the petals, or tentacles, of a hungry anemone, it is eagerly +seized and drawn into the open, greedy mouth. The _Actinia +mesembryanthemum_ is a very long-lived creature, and certain specimens +are reported to have lived over twenty years in aquaria in England. + +There are many varieties of sea-anemones, and although all possess the +same distinguishing characteristics, they vary in the form and color of +the open flower. The _Actinia gemmacia_, which is like a gorgeous +sunflower, is said to be the most voracious of its kind. An English +naturalist describes a specimen which swallowed a shell as large as a +saucer, its own diameter not being over two inches. Its elastic stomach +extended sufficiently to receive this enormous prey; but as the shell +completely separated the upper half of the animal from the lower, a new +mouth began immediately to form, through which to convey nourishment to +the lower portion, thus presenting the curious spectacle of a +double-headed monster in miniature. So remarkable are the anemones in +their reproductive power, that if the tentacles are injured or broken +off, new ones immediately form, and if the animal be cut in two, new +mouths form, and soon two perfect animals are waving their graceful +tentacles to and fro in the water. + +The locomotive power of the anemone, or actinia, is very sluggish. It +will remain days and weeks in the same spot, and it moves only by +sliding one edge of its base very slowly along the object to which it is +fastened, and drawing the other after it. It can therefore never pursue +its food, and appears to have no sense except that of touch, as a worm +or shiner may float in the water all about the anemone without causing +it the slightest agitation; but if the tiniest tip of one of its +tentacles be touched, or brushed even, the whole creature is alive in an +instant, and grasping for its prey. In the centre of the illustration +are two specimens of this animal-plant, the wondrous flesh-eating flower +of the ocean. To the left may be seen a specimen of the _Eledone +moschata_--a small and very common member of the octopus family. The +eledone is a hideous-looking beast. Its small eyes, which it can open +and shut at will, are glistening, and of changing iris. Its long arms +are strong enough to grasp a mussel shell, and hold it firmly until its +contents are devoured. At the least touch a dark color instantly appears +spread over the whole body of this curious creature, and dark prickly +spines arise, which impart a stinging sensation when handled, like the +anemone and sea-nettle. + +The two odd-looking things in the background of the engraving are +specimens of the limulus, or arrow-tailed crab. The upper side of the +limulus is covered with two smooth overlapping shields, in which are two +tiny eyes. Armed with six pairs of nippers, the limulus often fights its +companions in the aquarium, and boldly engages in battle with the +eledone, which, with its long arms, is more than a match for the +pugilistic crab, whose retreat and utter discomfiture generally end the +battle, for, thrown on its back, it can with difficulty right itself. If +a limulus and eledone be confined in the same tank, almost daily must +the former be rescued from the arms of the latter. + +The palm-like creature to the right of the picture is a _Spirographis_, +or tube-worm. This savage little beast lives in a tube formed of +particles of lime or grains of sand, and stretches its gill-like threads +upward, in search of food, in the form of a spiral wreath. It is very +sensitive, and at the least touch on the surface of the water, or on the +walls of the tank, the threads are instantly withdrawn into the tube. + +In the background may be seen the waving, bell-like _Medusa aurita_, +armed with prickly threads. It belongs to the jelly-fish family, and +loves to lie near the surface of the water, but it is with great +difficulty kept alive in an aquarium. When it dies, it dissolves itself +into the watery element of which it is so largely composed, and its +fairy-like skin can scarcely be discovered in the tank. + + + + +[Illustration: A VISIT TO THE OLD HOME.] + + + + +EASY BOTANY. + +APRIL. + + +Now it is April, and the time has come to explore the woods and wilds. + +Let us hasten to welcome the first blossom, so delicate and yet daring +to face the uncertain sky of early spring. + +Happy are they who live in the country, who have the freedom of rural +roads, rocky banks, wooded hills, and smiling meadows! The young +botanical student can not expect to become acquainted with all the wild +plants in his vicinity in one summer, nor is this desirable; the pursuit +will last for a lifetime, becoming more and more enchanting. But every +one can make a pretty collection; and if, in addition to studying out +the flowers, and keeping an accurate list of them, and pressing some of +the most interesting, the young student will learn to draw with pen or +pencil a few of the most simple and graceful, the pleasure will be +greatly increased. A great deal of information might be given on +botanical subjects, but in this brief article little more can be done +than to mention the names of those plants which may be looked for during +the month, and the localities they choose. Most of the flowers mentioned +are found from Maine to Florida, and West and South as well, though some +that are abundant in the Middle estates and on Western prairies avoid +the chills of New England. The wild flowers delight in the +semi-seclusion of pastures and meadows, and spring up along the lines of +old fences in fields and on the hills and in the dim woods. + +Among the earliest come the anemones, and one of the prettiest of these +is the _wood-anemone_, or wind-flower. It grows from six to eight inches +high, beside old stumps in the moist woodlands; the stem is smooth, and +on the top nods a single flower, drooping, graceful, softly white, and +shaded on the outside with pinkish-purple. Another of the same family, +the _rue-anemone_, has a central blossom, pretty large, which is +surrounded by a row of little buds and blossoms, which has given it the +name of hen-and-chickens. + +[Illustration: HEPATICA.] + +Another delightful April flower is the _hepatica_, growing sometimes in +New England woods, but abundantly in the Middle States. This charming +little plant is fond of the loveliest shades of deepest blue, fading +into the palest purple and white, and on the Orange mountains, in New +Jersey, are clumps of the most beautiful rose-color. The hepatica grows +finely if transplanted. + +[Illustration: DRABA VERNA.] + +Do not fail to find the snow-white bud of the _bloodroot_, which comes +up wrapped in a charming little green cloak, and also the smallest of +all the floral tribe, the _Draba verna_, with atoms of white flowers, +and stems only an inch or two high. Some plants that may be easily found +are: + + Wood-anemone, margins of fields; New England. + Rue-anemone, same localities; New England. + Hepatica, woody hill-sides; Middle States. + Bloodroot, rich open woods; New England. + Blue violet, fields, meadows, hills; everywhere. + Draba verna, sandy fields and road-sides. + Spring beauty, moist open woods; New Jersey, South. + Wild geranium, open woods and fields; New England. + Erigenia, damp soil; New York, Pennsylvania. + Quaker ladies, road-sides, fields; everywhere. + Dandelion, road-sides, fields; everywhere. + Azalea, New England woods and elsewhere. + Benzoin--spice-bush--damp woods; New Jersey, Pennsylvania. + American mistletoe, New Jersey and South. + + + + +TWO ANCIENT FAMILIES. + +A PAPER READ BEFORE THE "LITTLE LITERATI" BY MOTHER. + + +I fear I appear before you but illy prepared for the evening duties, as, +mother-like, my week has been full of cares--unusually so. Being left to +choose my own subject, I thought to speak briefly of a worthy but almost +extinct family, or, indeed, I should say two families. + +Many grown persons persist in declaring that the families have passed +entirely out of existence, but I find there are a few of them to be +found still on the rugged mountain-sides, on the plains, and down in the +deep green valleys. Little children know them best, as they seem to be +modest, retiring families, seldom or never intruding themselves on the +notice of others. I conjecture, from the freedom with which little +children use their names, that they must be a kindly, simple people. My +little Mary, or Minnie, tells me almost every day of little Johnnie He +or little Sallie She, and in my mind's eye I see little Johnnie He +coming through his father's gate on his way to school--a plump, +rosy-cheeked little fellow in white pants and blouse. + + Most amiable and fair he looks, + That little Johnnie He, + While following close behind his heels + Is little Sallie She. + With flaxen curls and laughing eyes, + This little girl we greet, + Exclaim, "How fair is Johnnie He! + And Sallie She, how sweet!" + +Very little is known of the ancestors of these simple people who dwell +among the hills. It is believed they were a worthy, renowned family in +their day and generation; but, alas! history has given us all too little +of them. It is known that they were born hundreds of years ago, living +bright and useful lives in the earliest ages of civilization. History +speaks freely of one who may have been the great-great-grandfather of +the present Hes (much less is known of the Shes), and while speaking of +him forgets not to take his travelling artist along to sketch him. This +noble ancestor is Mr. Zaccheus He, and he is in the act of performing +the feat that saves his name from utter oblivion. The deed is made +doubly impressive by the travelling artist sketching the same. The poet +too lends his sublime aid to render the act one never to be forgotten. +In the present age of the world, many parents, from some deep-seated +prejudice, strive to blot out this unpretending family entirely; but +little children with tearful eyes bring the Historian, the Artist, and +the Poet at once to the rescue, exclaiming, "Then why does the book say, + + "Zaccheus He + Did climb the tree?'" + + + + +CHIN-FAN, THE CANTON BOAT-BOY. + +BY THOMAS W. KNOX. + + +How many readers of HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE are aware that in China, on +the other side of the world, there are thousands and thousands of boys +and girls that live in boats? There is a great city in China called +Canton, and at this city there is a river which is so crowded with boats +that it is not easy to get around among them. They are not large boats +like the great steamers on American rivers, and they do not have +comfortable rooms where you can sleep as well as in a bed on shore. Some +of them are so small that they can only hold three or four persons, and +there is no space for walking around; but these three or four must live +there from day to day and from week to week, and if they ever go on +shore at all, it is only for a few minutes at a time. A whole family +will often be found living on a boat which we would hardly think large +enough to cross in from one side of the Hudson River to the other. They +cook and eat and sleep on the boat, and they manage to earn a little +money by carrying passengers over the river, or doing other work. The +kitchen where they do their cooking is only a little heap of coals that +a man might put in his hat, and it rests on a box of sand about a foot +square. When there are any passengers on board, they sit under an awning +in the front part of the boat, and the children are kept in a sort of +well, like a dry-goods box, near the stern, but at other times they can +run or creep about the deck. The smaller children are secured by means +of cords tied around their waists, so as to save them in case they fall +overboard. Sometimes the cord that holds a baby is fastened to the side +of the boat, and sometimes it is tied to a stick of wood that serves as +a float to keep him from sinking. The latter mode is generally +preferred, as the baby has more freedom, and can drag himself along the +deck where he likes. It is very common to see infants crawling around in +this way, and it is surprising how soon they learn to keep out of +danger. A Chinese child has only to fall overboard once or twice to make +up his mind to keep away from the side of the boat as much as possible. + +One day a baby was creeping around the deck of one of these Canton +boats, and wondering how he should amuse himself. He looked over the +side, and as the sun was shining, and reflecting his face in the water, +he thought he discovered a new baby that would be a nice playmate for +him. His mother was in the forward part of the boat, and busy at the +oars, and his father was working on a ship that lay in the harbor. So +this baby, whose name was Chin-Fan, was quite alone, and could do as he +pleased. He felt lonesome, and when he saw the strange child in the +water, he smiled at him, and wanted to make his acquaintance. The +strange baby smiled in reply; and then Chin-Fan held out his chubby +little hand to lift him out of the water. Of course the other one held +up a hand to meet him, but he could not reach far enough. Then Chin-Fan +reached down, while the stranger reached up, and pretty soon Chin-Fan +lost his balance, and tumbled into the water. + +Wasn't he in a dangerous place? His mother did not know what had +happened, and she kept on rowing the boat right away from where the poor +little fellow was struggling and trying to keep from being drowned. An +American baby would have screamed and sunk, but Chin-Fan was not +American, and so he did nothing of the sort. He dropped all thoughts of +the strange baby, and considered nobody but himself; he managed to get +hold of the billet of wood to which his cord was fastened, and by +holding on firmly he kept his head out of water. The current of the +river carried him along, and very luckily it carried him to where a ship +was anchored, with her great cable sloping down the stream. He struck +against this cable, and as he did so, he let go of the billet, so that +it went one side of the cable, while Chin-Fan went the other. Then he +took hold of the cable with both his chubby hands, and next he screamed +as loud as his little lungs would let him. + +A sailor on the bow of the ship heard the scream, and was not long in +finding that it came from the cable. Chin-Fan kept it up until he was +rescued, and just about the time he was taken on board the ship he was +missed by his mother. She came paddling down the river in search of him, +and shouted to everybody she met that her baby was missing. The sailor +held little Chin-Fan up so that she could see him, and in a very short +time he was back in his place on the deck of the boat. + +For a good while after that incident Chin-Fan kept at a respectful +distance from the side of the boat, and he did not show any desire to +make the acquaintance of strange babies in the water. His mother taught +him how to swim, and he became a boatman at Canton, and afterward he was +a sailor on one of the great steamers that run between San Francisco and +China. He did a great many brave things in and on the water, and his +mother was very proud of him; she said she always knew he would be a +famous sailor, when he showed so much good sense and coolness at the +time of his first plunge. + + + + +THE STORY OF GEORGE WASHINGTON. + +BY EDWARD CARY. + + +CHAPTER I. + +One hundred and fifty years ago a sturdy, hard-working farmer lived near +the southern bank of the Potomac River, in what was then the English +colony of Virginia. On the 22d day of February, 1732, a son was born in +the modest farm-house, who afterward came to be the most famous, and one +of the noblest, of Americans. His name was George Washington. He grew up +a healthy, hardy boy, quiet in his ways, fond of study, and still more +fond of out-door sport. His playmates loved him because he was fair and +generous, and looked up to him as a leader, because he had a way of +doing what he set out to do. + +George's father died when he was only eleven years old, but his mother +proved a good care-taker for him. She was a bright-minded woman, gentle +but firm, and George always loved her dearly. + +At the age of seventeen he began to earn his own living as a surveyor. +It was no light work in those days, for the country where he had most to +do was in the backwoods. Many a day he trudged through the forest from +dawn to sunset, and lay down at night with nothing but a blanket between +him and the stormy sky. But he was faithful and careful, and got plenty +of work. + +[Illustration: BIRTH-PLACE OF WASHINGTON.] + +From early boyhood Washington had a strong liking for a soldier's life. +He used to train his school-mates as soldiers, was an eager student of +drill and tactics, expert in the use of the sword, and a skillful +horseman. At that time the Indians swarmed through the forest in the +back country, and were often urged on by the French (who claimed the +Ohio and Mississippi valleys as their own) to attack the whites. So the +colony of Virginia had to keep a good many men under arms to protect the +homes and the lives of the people. When Washington was about twenty-two +years old he became a Major in this little army, and devoted a great +deal of time and hard work to training his men. + +In 1755 the French and Indians became so troublesome that quite a large +army was sent over from England to clear the borders of them. General +Braddock was at their head, and he asked Washington to go with him, with +the rank of Colonel, as one of his aides; that is, to be always with +him, and help him with advice, or in carrying orders, and in any way he +could. The gallant young officer was glad to go. The English General did +not know much about fighting in the woods, and his slow and stately +march toward the Ohio did not suit Washington's ideas, for he knew that +nothing could be done against the French unless it was done swiftly. + +When the army neared the French fort, at what is now Pittsburgh, +Washington, who was on his back in an ambulance, sick with fever, +insisted on going to the front, for he knew there would soon be +fighting, and hard fighting, too. The fighting began before it was +looked for. The British troops crossed the Monongahela River, and +marched up a wooded hollow toward the French fort. As they swept up the +hollow in close ranks, with gay red uniforms and gleaming arms, there +suddenly blazed upon them, from unseen guns on every side, a murderous +fire, before which they shrank quickly back. Startled, but not cowed, +their officers rallied them again and again; but they could not see the +enemies whose fire was mowing them down, and they slowly and in great +disorder tried to get back across the river. + +General Braddock was mortally wounded. More than half the army were +killed or wounded. Colonel Washington behaved "with the greatest courage +and resolution." He rode from point to point carrying orders, and seemed +reckless of death. "I had four bullets through my coat," he wrote to his +brother, "and two horses shot under me, yet I escaped unhurt, although +death was levelling my companions on every side of me." + +Fifteen years later an old Indian, who was in the fight on the French +side, told him that he had fired at him many times, and ordered his +young warriors to do so. None of the shots hit, and the Indians, +thinking the young officer was under the special care of the Great +Spirit, ceased to fire at him. + +After this battle, Colonel Washington was kept in bed for four long +months with a fever, which was made worse by his exposure on the +battle-field. He had little more hard fighting to do, but he learned +many a good lesson from the war--especially to rely on himself, and to +study his own way out of any troubles that he met. His fame went, too, +to the other colonies, and the young Colonel of Militia was becoming +known as a man on whose courage and faithfulness and sound good sense it +would do for his country to lean in time of trial. + +[TO BE CONTINUED.] + + + + +PUCK AND BLOSSOM. + +From the German of Marie Von Olfers. + + +PART I. + +Once upon a time Puck and his little sister Blossom lived together in a +great big egg. + +"It's too close in here," said Puck: "let's go and see how it looks +outside." Bang! went his head, right through the wall. + +[Illustration] + +Outside it was raining, so he drew back his head in a hurry; but the +rain came pattering in after him. "Oh, my doodness!" moaned Blossom, "is +_that_ how it is outside? Now we shall det wet to the skin." + +"Come," said Puck, "let's go find us another house; it'll be better +by-and-by." + +[Illustration] + +So they went, and they went, till they came to old Mother Bee, who lived +with her children in the leafy house of the linden-tree. + +[Illustration] + +"Oh, come in," said she; "but you must sit quite still, or else my +children will sting you. As for me, I must go and gather honey." + +[Illustration] + +For a little while they sat quite still. "Sister Blossom," said Puck, +"it's too close in here. I must go see where they keep the honey." He +was starting off that very minute, but all the Bee children flew up in +such a rage, and fastened themselves upon Puck and Blossom, that they +got away, they hardly knew how. + +"I didn't even det a taste of their old honey, and I'm all stung up," +sobbed Blossom. + +"Never mind," said Puck, comfortingly, "it'll be better by-and-by." + +On the meadow whom should they meet but Master Stork. "Oh, take us with +you up to your nest!" cried Puck. Master Longlegs, being quite willing, +quickly snatched up the children in his long bill, and set them down in +his nest. + +[Illustration] + +"Sit still," said he, "then you'll have plenty of room." + +[Illustration] + +For a little while they sat quite still. "Sister Blossom," said Puck, +"it's too close in here. I've seen young storks fly. I know how they do +it; I can do it too. Come, now, you do just what I do." He spread his +little arms, she spread her little arms, and-- + +[Illustration] + +Thump!--they lay on the ground. + +[TO BE CONTINUED.] + + + + +[Illustration: OUR POST-OFFICE BOX.] + + + MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN. + + I have subscribed for YOUNG PEOPLE for a year. When I have read + it, I send it to my cousins in England. We are going there in + June, to stay at my grandfather's house. I shall be eight years + old on the 25th of March, and I have been across the ocean six + times. I will write when I am in England, and tell you about the + beautiful things I shall see there. Grandma has some rabbits + waiting for me. There is a pond there, with ducks, and Chinese + geese, and swans, and all kinds of fowls. + + JOHN MACC. + + * * * * * + + MUSKOGEE, INDIAN TERRITORY. + + I am nine years old. We live on a hill. There are many hills here + just like it, and the people here call them mounds. They are + shaped very queer. They rise straight up on one side. There are + rocks on some, and on others trees. We have two ponies, and when + we go hunting, they let me ride on one of them. When they shoot + anything, I go and bring it back to the buggy. + + EVA S. T. + + * * * * * + + JEFFERSON BARRACKS, MAINE. + + I am a poor boy. I lived with an officer here, and I was so fond + of reading the daily papers and other things that his wife kindly + subscribed for YOUNG PEOPLE for me, and I like it very much. I + live in the woods, and I caught nineteen wild rabbits this winter + in traps. I tried to tame some of them, but I could not. I wish + you would tell me how to tame them. + + JOSEPH D. + +Have any of our correspondents had experience in taming wild rabbits? + + * * * * * + + GRAHAMVILLE, OKLAWAHA RIVER, FLORIDA. + + I am a little boy eight years old, and a subscriber to YOUNG + PEOPLE. I made the money myself that paid for the subscription. I + live away down in Florida, and during the winter months I sell + flowers and curiosities to the Northern visitors. I have made + twenty dollars this season. I don't go to school now, but my mamma + and papa teach me at home. I have a handsome scroll-saw, and can + make nice brackets. I had a shepherd dog, but it died. I want to + take YOUNG PEOPLE till I am a grown-up man. + + TURNER E. + + * * * * * + + DAVENPORT, IOWA. + + I want to tell you something about myself. My papa was an + American. When he was young, he went to Florence, Italy. There he + met my mamma, who was an Italian lady, and married her. I was born + in Florence. When I was five years old we moved to Spain. Then I + learned the Spanish language. Papa taught me to speak English. We + staid in Spain one year, and then moved to America, and came out + here. We had not been here long when mamma--poor dear + mamma!--died. Then papa went back to Italy, and left me with Aunt + Esther. He died while he was there, and now I am an orphan. I am + eleven years old, and I can speak and write Italian, French, + Spanish, and English, and I am studying German now. I want to be + an artist some day, and go back to Italy, and make my name + renowned. A friend here gives me YOUNG PEOPLE, and I like it so + much! Please put some nice pictures in it for me to draw. + + AURORA. + + * * * * * + + DANVILLE, ILLINOIS. + + Some little girls--my cousins Nellie and Fannie, Clara Hessey, + Nellie Woods, and Kittie Short--are going to have a cooking club, + and I wish some other little girls would send some receipts. My + cousin Nellie sends you a letter too. + + PUSS H. + + Here is a receipt for sugar-candy that some little girl may like + to try: Two table-spoonfuls vinegar; four table-spoonfuls water; + six table-spoonfuls sugar (brown is best). Boil twenty minutes, + and pour into a buttered plate. I think the Spanish Dancer was + very pretty. + + NELLIE H. + + * * * * * + + FORT SMITH, ARKANSAS. + + I am a reader of YOUNG PEOPLE. I live on the border of the Indian + country, and I see plenty of Indians when they come to town to + trade. I went to the United States jail not long ago, and I saw + about fifty prisoners. Some of them were white, some Indians, and + some negroes. They were all together. I felt so sorry for them. I + am ten years old, and I go to school. + + CARL C. M. + + * * * * * + + FORT PLAIN, NEW YORK. + + My uncle has come home from India, and brought my brother and + myself a beautiful bow, quiver, and arrows. The bow and arrows are + made of black cocoa-nut wood, and have ivory tips. The arrows have + pointed ends, and colored feathers on the head. The target is + three feet high, and has an ivory heart in the middle. In the + centre of the heart there is a hole. We have a club of girls and + boys, and the one that shoots his arrow in the hole gets a prize. + The next prize to be given is an upright writing-case. We only + shoot once a week for the prize, but we can shoot other times as + much as we wish. Charlie Clark got the prize a month ago. It was a + pair of skates. We live in Chicago, and are going home in May. We + are visiting my grandma now. + + PEARL F. S. + + * * * * * + + FORT WARREN, BOSTON. + + I have a pet Newfoundland dog about three months old. I am + teaching him to "fetch and carry." He is very intelligent, and + learns very quickly. Every morning he waits at the door of our + quarters for my papa, and when papa goes to his office he carries + his papers for him. He looks so much like a young bear that we + call him Oso, which is Spanish for bear. I am ten years old, and I + live on an island in Boston Harbor. + + MARY B. R. + + * * * * * + + SYRACUSE, NEW YORK. + + I want to tell you about a baby bear I saw yesterday. A man had it + in a store. He brought it from the North Woods. It was so gentle + that mamma held it in her hands, and I took hold of its little + paw. We have two canaries, named Dick and Daisy. Daisy has made + her nest, and there are two pretty little blue eggs in it. If we + should have any little birds by-and-by, I will write and tell you + about them. + + ETHEL M. L. (6 years). + + * * * * * + + SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA. + + I am nine years old. I found the answer to the Geographical Double + Acrostic in No. 18. "Sadie," the little girl who made it, is three + years older than I am, but I have studied geography the last two + years, and I think I can find out any geographical puzzle she can + make. Ask her to try again, please. + + MAUD T. K. + + * * * * * + + MUNICH, GERMANY. + + I am a little girl six years old, and my name is Meta, but my + sisters call me Peter. My thirteen dolls have all funny names. My + rubber boy doll is Moses in the Bulrushes. My big rubber doll is + Pharaoh's Daughter. I live in Germany, and am learning German. I + hope next year to go back to America, and I shall be glad to see + all my friends again. I have two gold-fishes, and I feed them with + fish food. Papa bought me a microscope to look at bugs with. I am + tired, so I will stop. + + META F. + + * * * * * + + SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS, _March 25, 1880_. + + I wrote you last November, and told you I was lame, and confined + to the house. I am in the house still, but better. I have a + gentleman friend who comes to see me every other day, and last + week he brought me a plant which he got in the woods, called + hepatica, and it is now on my window, in bloom. It is sometimes + called liverwort. [Hepatica is a Latin word, and signifies + pertaining to the liver.] The willow "pussies" have been out here + two weeks. As I can not go out and enjoy sports like other boys, I + amuse myself by reading, and I enjoy HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE and + WEEKLY very much. I fare pretty well for a sick boy, for I take + five different periodicals. + + HORACE F. H. + + * * * * * + + ORANGE, NEW JERSEY. + + I thought some of the young readers might like to hear about our + alligator. It is about nine inches long, from its tail to its + nose. It came from Florida last month. We keep it in a tub. It + would not eat much, but we feed it by tapping it on the nose, and + putting a small piece of meat on its tongue with a stick. + + J. O. U., JUN. + +You would better give your alligator a piece of board to crawl up on, +for it will die if compelled to remain constantly in the water. + + * * * * * + + MELROSE, MASSACHUSETTS. + + I found a caterpillar when I was going to school one morning last + fall. When I came back, I brought it home with me. I put it under + a glass globe, and fed it with milkweed leaves for about a week, + and then it changed into a large brown butterfly, with black and + white spots on its wings. We put it on a piece of Brazilian wood, + such as naturalists use, which a lady gave me. The time to find + the caterpillars is in July and August. I am trying to keep a + cabinet. I found willow "pussies" last January. I put the twigs in + a vase of water, and now they have leaves on them about an inch + long. + + ARTHUR L. H. + +Your caterpillar must have passed some time in the chrysalis state +before it became a butterfly. It is very interesting to watch the +process of transformation from a caterpillar to a chrysalis, and nothing +is prettier than the butterfly or moth creeping out of its cell, and +expanding its wings for the first time. + + * * * * * + + CHESTER, NEW JERSEY. + + I like YOUNG PEOPLE very much. Although I am only eight years old, + I can read it all except the hard names you call some of the + animals and plants. But papa explains them to me. I have a Maltese + kitty. A short time ago we moved, and I was afraid I would lose + it. A lady told me to take it to the new house, and rub butter on + its paws. I did so, and kitty spent hours licking off the butter. + It kept it busy until it became used to its new home, and + contented to stay. + + MAMIE B. L. + + * * * * * + + CONCORD, NEW HAMPSHIRE, _March 22, 1880_. + + We are four children, two boys and two girls, living in rather a + lonely place, and YOUNG PEOPLE gives us a great deal of pleasure. + In warm weather we hunt wild flowers and go fishing. There is a + brook near here, where I have caught a good many nice pickerel. My + sister has found trailing arbutus buds, which have blossomed in + the house. + + B. M. + + * * * * * + + NEW HAVEN, VERMONT. + + I shall be eight years old next August. I have a cat named Pet. I + have a little saw-horse and a little saw, and I saw kindling wood + for Grandpa Kent. + + KENT K. + + * * * * * + + DEER RIVER, NEW YORK. + + I have four brothers, and we have lots of fun. We have three + lambs, seven rabbits, a pair of peacocks, and guinea-hens, geese, + doves, ducks, and eleven little pigs. My brother Bert is eleven + years old, and I am nine. + + DE VERE V. + + * * * * * + +C. V. Hess, No. 440 North Seventh Street, Philadelphia, writes that +L. H. N., of Lockport, Illinois, can obtain collections of minerals by +addressing him as above. + + * * * * * + + JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY. + + I take your paper, and nobody is more happy than I when papa + brings it home. Just as soon as my sister comes back, we are going + to get up a sewing society. Do you think it is a good idea? + + "BLUE LIGHT." + +If you intend to devote your time to making clothes for poor little +girls like Biddy O'Dolan, your sewing society is an excellent idea, and +we hope you will carry it out. If you stop to look about you, there are +many poor children within your reach whose lives you can make brighter +and more comfortable. You can not realize the good you can do until you +begin, and see the effects of your work. + + * * * * * + +MILLIE B. S.--The fact that you take YOUNG PEOPLE through a news agent +makes no difference whatever. "Wiggles," puzzles, and other favors from +our young readers all receive the same attention, and are equally +welcome. + + * * * * * + +C. H. W.--Ceres, called Demeter by the Greeks, was the goddess of +agriculture. She was pictured by the ancients holding a torch and sheaf +of corn, a basket filled with flowers at her side, and a garland of +wheat ears interwoven in her hair. Her festival fell on the 19th of +April, the beginning of seed-time. There is a pretty legend that +Persephone, the daughter of Ceres, was stolen by Pluto, who allowed her +to leave his subterranean kingdom only during the period between +spring-time and autumn, and that Ceres, enraged at the theft of her +daughter, refused to bless the earth with fruits and flowers during +those months when she was deprived of Persephone. The name Ceres is +derived from the Sanskrit, and signifies to create. Vulcan, whose Greek +name was Hephaestus, was the son of Jupiter and Juno, and the god of +fire. He was lame and ugly, but was worshipped as the patron of all +craftsmen who worked at the forge. He is represented by ancient artists +as a powerful, bearded man clad in a workman's cap and short blouse, +surrounded by smith's tools. His festival fell on the 23d of August, +when the young men of Athens ran torch races in his honor. You can +obtain answers to your other question by inquiring at the rooms of the +Society, corner of Court and Joralemon streets, Brooklyn. + + * * * * * + +HARRY VAN N.--Wheeling is the capital of West Virginia. The _New +Hampshire Gazette_, published at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, is the +oldest paper in the Union which has been continued without interruption +or change of name. It was established by Daniel Fowle in 1756. The +Worcester _Spy_, still in existence, was established in 1770, and there +are several other papers of equal age. The New York _Commercial +Advertiser_ is one of the oldest dailies. It was established in 1793 as +the _Minerva_, but soon assumed its present name. The New York _Evening +Post_ first appeared in November, 1801. You will find a complete +history of American newspapers in Frederic Hudson's _Journalism in the +United States_, published by Harper & Brothers. + + * * * * * + +WILLIE S. W.--There are no rules by which you can train cats. They are +not so easily taught as dogs and birds; still, with patience and +kindness, you may accomplish your purpose. + + * * * * * + +"NORTH STAR."--Your puzzle is very neatly and correctly made; but we can +not use it, as we have recently published one with the same solution. Do +not be discouraged, but try again. The book you inquire for is published +by Henry Holt & Co., and is a very useful little volume. + + * * * * * + +C. W. LISK.--The dauw (_Equus burchellii_) is a South African quadruped, +intermediate between the zebra and the quagga. It is found in numerous +herds in the wide plains north of the Orange River. It is somewhat +larger than the zebra, but more easily domesticated. + + * * * * * + +WILLIE B. A.--Read the paper on "Gold-Fish" in YOUNG PEOPLE No. 6. + + * * * * * + +PUZZLES FROM YOUNG CONTRIBUTORS. + +No. 1. + +EASY NUMERICAL ENIGMA. + +The combined numerals in the following sentence form the name of a great +poet, which is composed of 11 letters. A little girl sat in the garden +watching some 6-2-5-8-7 frolicking on the grass. The gardener was at +work with a 10-9-4-11, and he gave her a 7-5-3-10 to eat. Then a poor +Italian came up the road with a 2-9-10-7, and she ran to 9-1-4 her +mother if 6-9-10-3-2 might give him a piece of bread. + + POLLY. + + * * * * * + +No. 2. + +DROP-LETTER PUZZLE. + +Each dash represents a letter. The whole is a familiar proverb: + +B--r--s--f--f--a--h--r--l--c--t--g--t--e--. + + A. T. + + * * * * * + +No. 3. + +ENIGMA. + + My first is in battle, but not in fight. + My second is in darkness, but not in night. + My third is in brighten, but not in cheer. + My fourth is in antler, but not in deer. + My fifth is in knot, but not in tie. + My sixth is in near, but not in nigh. + My whole is a tropical fruit. + + EFFIE VIOLET (12 years). + + * * * * * + +No. 4. + +DOUBLE ACROSTIC. + +A vegetable. A puzzle. A gem. A buffoon. A bird. Labor. A roll of coin. +An affirmation. Answer--Two branches of an important study. + + C. P. T. + + * * * * * + +No. 5. + +WORD SQUARE. + +First, a governor. Second, to join. Third, flexible. Fourth, a girl's +name. Fifth, attachments to fishing-rods. + + E. M. + + * * * * * + +No. 6. + +ENIGMA. + + My first is in made, but not in done. + My second is in work, but not in fun. + My third is in knit, and also in spun. + My fourth is in take, but not in won. + My fifth is in chase, but not in run. + My sixth is in cake, but not in bun. + My seventh is in left, but not in begun. + My eighth is in mortar, but not in gun. + My whole was a noted French general. + + C. W. L. + + * * * * * + +ANSWERS TO PUZZLES IN NO. 21. + +No. 1. + +Violet. + +No. 2. + +Story of Robinson Crusoe. + +No. 3. + +Athens, Orleans, Oporto, Dover, Granada, Naples, Madrid, Paris, Basle, +Berlin, Lyons. + +No. 4. + +Candy. + +No. 5. + + H ebre W + U mbrell A + D um B + S iberi A + O at S + N eig H + +Hudson, Wabash. + +No. 6. + +Wellington. + + * * * * * + +Favors are acknowledged from Lula Barlow, May Thornton, William N., +Carrie G. Hard, Laura Wharry, C. N. MacClure, H. T., Lura W., William +H. M., Frank Haid, Jennie Clark, L. A. G., J. E. Conger, Clarence L. M., +Jennie Graves, Robert Hoyt, Amy R. Du Bois, N. Rust Gilbert, M. H. and +M. B., G. C. M., R. V. Thomas, Munn Trowbridge, Walter B. and Clara M., +Jeanie Curtis, Marion Comer, Nellie Douglas, E. G. L., Lillian Murdoch, +Annie Wright, "Frank," Susie Benedict, Florrie Cox, C. B. Albree, M. +Isaacs, Lillian Morton, Fanny Pierce, Deffie MacKellar. + + * * * * * + +Correct answers to puzzles are received from Maud Knowlton, C. H. MacB., +George W. Raymond, F. Schakers, Fred and Mary Pitney, Susie Randall, +Willie Atkinson, Grace J. Richards, Lottie G., Herbert N. T., Edward +Chamberlin, Hugh Burns, Arthur Brigham, George B. Wendell, Fannie and +Florence M., Rose C., May Fields, Agnes Witzel, Lily and Carrie Levey, +Huntington Merchant, Etta Rice, Walter Dodge, V. L. Kellogg, Dora +Jelliff, W. S. Wenship, Fannie Rockwell, Pierre Jay, "George," C. H. +Conner, J. E. Marshall, Clara Jaquith, Willie Morris, Jessie G., Katie +and F. Lawlor. + + + + +ADVERTISEMENTS. + + + + +HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE. + +HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE will be issued every Tuesday, and may be had at +the following rates--_payable in advance, postage free_: + + SINGLE COPIES $0.04 + ONE SUBSCRIPTION, _one year_ 1.50 + FIVE SUBSCRIPTIONS, _one year_ 7.00 + +Subscriptions may begin with any Number. When no time is specified, it +will be understood that the subscriber desires to commence with the +Number issued after the receipt of order. + +Remittances should be made by POST-OFFICE MONEY ORDER or DRAFT, to avoid +risk of loss. + +ADVERTISING. + +The extent and character of the circulation of HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE +will render it a first-class medium for advertising. A limited number of +approved advertisements will be inserted on two inside pages at 75 cents +per line. + + Address + HARPER & BROTHERS, + Franklin Square, N. Y. + + + + +CANDY + +Send one, two, three, or five dollars for a sample box, by express, of +the best Candies in America, put up elegantly and strictly pure. Refers +to all Chicago. Address + + C. F. GUNTHER, + Confectioner, + 78 MADISON STREET, CHICAGO. + + + + +=CARDS OF BEAUTIFUL PRESSED SEA-FERNS=, from New England coast, at 25 +cents per dozen, postpaid. Will be sent to any address on receipt of +price, by + + B. A. A., Vineyard Grove, + Lock Box 54. + Dukes Co., Mass. + + + + +OUR CHILDREN'S SONGS. + + * * * * * + +Our Children's Songs. Illustrated. 8vo, Ornamental Cover, $1.00. + + * * * * * + +The best compilation of songs for the children that we have ever +seen.--_New Bedford Mercury._ + +This is a large collection of songs for the nursery, for childhood, for +boys and for girls, and sacred songs for all. The range of subjects is a +wide one, and the book is handsomely illustrated.--_Philadelphia +Ledger._ + +It contains some of the most beautiful thoughts for children that ever +found vent in poesy, and beautiful "pictures to match."--_Chicago +Evening Journal._ + +An excellent anthology of juvenile poetry, covering the whole range of +English and American literature.--_Independent_, N. Y. + +Songs for the nursery, songs for childhood, for girlhood, boyhood, +and sacred songs--the whole melody of childhood and youth bound in +one cover. Full of lovely pictures; sweet mother and baby faces; +charming bits of scenery, and the dear old Bible story-telling +pictures.--_Churchman_, N. Y. + + * * * * * + +Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York. + +HARPER & BROTHERS _will send the above work by mail, postage prepaid, to +any part of the United States, on receipt of the price._ + + + + +Old Books for Young Readers. + + * * * * * + +Arabian Nights' Entertainments. + + The Thousand and One Nights; or, The Arabian Nights' + Entertainments. Translated and Arranged for Family Reading, with + Explanatory Notes, by E. W. LANE. 600 Illustrations by Harvey. 2 + vols., 12mo, Cloth, $3.50. + +Robinson Crusoe. + + The Life and Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, of York, + Mariner. By DANIEL DEFOE. With a Biographical Account of Defoe. + Illustrated by Adams. Complete Edition. 12mo, Cloth, $1.50. + +The Swiss Family Robinson. + + The Swiss Family Robinson; or, Adventures of a Father and Mother + and Four Sons on a Desert Island. Illustrated. 2 vols., 18mo, + Cloth, $1.50. + + The Swiss Family Robinson--Continued: being a Sequel to the + Foregoing. 2 vols., 18mo, Cloth, $1.50. + +Sandford and Merton. + + The History of Sandford and Merton. By THOMAS DAY. 18mo, Half + Bound, 75 cents. + + * * * * * + +Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York. + +_Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the United States, on +receipt of the price._ + + + + +CHILDREN'S PICTURE-BOOKS. + + Square 4to, about 300 pages each, beautifully printed on Tinted + Paper, embellished with many Illustrations, bound in Cloth, $1.50 + per volume. + +The Children's Picture-Book of Sagacity of Animals. + + With Sixty Illustrations by HARRISON WEIR. + +The Children's Bible Picture-Book. + + With Eighty Illustrations, from Designs by STEINLE, OVERBECK, + VEIT, SCHNORR, &c. + +The Children's Picture Fable-Book. + + Containing One Hundred and Sixty Fables. With Sixty Illustrations + by HARRISON WEIR. + +The Children's Picture-Book of Birds. + + With Sixty-one Illustrations by W. HARVEY. + +The Children's Picture-Book of Quadrupeds and other Mammalia. + + With Sixty-one Illustrations by W. HARVEY. + + * * * * * + +Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York. + +_Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the United States, on +receipt of the price._ + + + + +[Illustration: I'M ALL READY.] + + + + +DECAPITATED CHARADE. + + + My whole a churchman is of weight, + Summoned his grievances to state, + Where, in the lofty audience-hall, + The bishops are assembled all. + His head cut off reveals his plan, + Which he will do as best he can. + What's left, again beheaded, shows + The state of mind in which he goes, + As, mounted on his good gray steed, + He rides along through vale and mead. + Behead that word, and, lo! 'tis plain + Why all his efforts were in vain. + Dejected now, at close of day, + He, sighing, takes his homeward way. + Behead once more: see what he did + Ere sleep fell on each weary lid. + + + + +A GEOGRAPHICAL GAME. + +An amusing and instructive geographical game has just been invented by +M. Levasseur, a well-known French geographer. It is called "Tour du +Monde," and is played on a large terrestrial globe, richly illustrated, +and divided into 232 spherical rectangles, each of which is marked with +a number corresponding to a number on a list which indicates gains or +losses in the game. A brass rib or meridian running from pole to pole of +the globe, but raised above the latter, is perforated with a row of +eighteen holes; and there are eighteen tiny flags provided for the +purpose of being planted in the holes. Each flag corresponds to one of +the principal states of the world, from China the most populous to +Holland the least populous. + +To play the game the globe is set revolving, and a player, commencing at +the south pole, plants a flag into each hole one after another at each +revolution of the globe, and advances northward. The score of the +player, which may be either a gain or a loss, is determined by the +nature of the facts indicated on the rectangular space above which a +flag may stand when the globe stops revolving; and this is, of course, +the interesting and humorous part of the game. London, for example, +counts thirty, Paris twenty, and so on, according to population. A coal +mine, a Manchester cotton factory, a grain mart, all are reckoned gains; +but an encounter with a Zulu or a lion in Africa, a storm in the +Atlantic, a polar iceberg, a crocodile on the Nile, naturally go for +serious losses. + + + + +A PERSONATION; WHAT IS MY NAME? + +BY ELEANOR JOY. + + +I was a queen of royal birth. I was married on the 8th of September, +1761, to a certain King of England, with whom I lived for fifty-seven +years. I had fifteen children, all of whom lived to grow up except two. +The king whom I married had never seen me, and was only attracted toward +me by my writing him an eloquent letter on the miseries and calamities +of war. I was brought to England in a yacht covered with streamers and +flowers. I was not very handsome, and the king, my husband, winced when +he saw I was not as beautiful as some of his ladies at court. But he +soon began to love me, and I lived happily with him till my death. Who +am I? + + + + +THE METRIC SYSTEM IN COINS. + + +It may not be generally known that we have in the nickel five-cent piece +of our coinage a key to the tables of the linear measures and weights of +the metric system. The diameter of this coin is two centimeters, and its +weight is five grams. Five of them placed in a row will, of course, give +the length of the decimeter; and two of them will weigh a decagram. As +the litre is a cubic decimeter, the key to the measure of length is also +the key to measures of capacity. Any person, therefore, who is fortunate +enough to own a five-cent nickel may be said to carry in his pocket the +entire metric system of weights and measures. + + + + +[Illustration: GIVING THE BABIES AN AIRING.] + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg's Harper's Young People, April 13, 1880, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, APR 13, 1880 *** + +***** This file should be named 28778.txt or 28778.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/2/8/7/7/28778/ + +Produced by Annie McGuire + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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