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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Number 195, July 23, 1853 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: April 2, 2009 [EBook #28477] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + + + + + +</pre> + +<table border="0" cellpadding="10" style="background-color: #ccccff;"> +<tr> +<td style="width:25%; vertical-align:top"> +Transcriber's note: +</td> +<td> +A few typographical errors have been corrected. They +appear in the text <span class="correction" title="explanation will pop up">like this</span>, and the +explanation will appear when the mouse pointer is moved over the marked +passage. +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p><!-- Page 69 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page69"></a>{69}</span></p> + +<h1>NOTES AND QUERIES:</h1> + +<h2>A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC.</h2> + +<h3><b>"When found, make a note of."</b>—<span class="sc">Captain Cuttle</span>.</h3> + +<hr class="full" /> + + +<table width="100%" class="nomar" summary="masthead" title="masthead"> + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left; width:25%"> + <p><b>No. 195.</b></p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:center; width:50%"> + <p><b><span class="sc">Saturday, July 23. 1853.</span></b></p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:25%"> + <p><b>Price Fourpence<br />Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></p> + </td> + </tr> +</table> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>CONTENTS.</h2> + + +<table width="100%" class="nomar" summary="Contents" title="Contents"> + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left; width:94%"> + <p><span class="sc">Notes</span>:—</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:5%"> + <p>Page</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>William Blake</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page69">69</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>A Poem by Shelley, not in his Works</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page71">71</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>The Impossibilities of History</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page72">72</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>"Quem Deus vult perdere prius dementat," by T. J. Buckton</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page73">73</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Shakspeare Correspondence, by J. Payne Collier, George Blink, + &c.</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page73">73</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>"The Dance of Death," by Weld Taylor</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page76">76</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Minor Notes</span>:—Old Lines newly + revived— Inscription near + Cirencester—Wordsworth—"Magna est Veritas et + prævalebit"—"Putting your foot into it"</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page76">76</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Queries:—</span></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Fragments of MSS., by Philip Hale</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page77">77</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>The Electric Telegraph, by W. Matthews</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page78">78</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Minor Queries</span>:—Sir Walter + Raleigh—Ancient Fortifications: Hertstone, Pale, + Brecost—Newton and Somers—Daventry, Duel at—Passage + in Burial Service—"They shot him on the nine-stane + rig"—Wardhouse, and Fishermen's Custom there—"Adrian + turn'd the bull"—Cary's "Palæologia Chronica"—The + Southwark Pudding Wonder—Roman Catholics confined in Fens of + Ely—White Bell Heather transplanted—Green's "Secret + Plot"—"The full Moon brings fine Weather"—Nash the + Artist—Woodwork of St. Andrew's Priory Church, + Barnwell—"The Mitre and the Crown"—Military Music</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page78">78</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Minor Queries With Answers</span>:—Stoven + Church—The Statute of Kilkenny—Kenne of Kenne—Rents + of Assize, &c.—Edifices of Ancient and Modern + Times—Gorram—"Rock of Ages"</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page80">80</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Replies</span>:—</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Remuneration of Authors</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page81">81</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>On the Use of the Hour-glass in Pulpits</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page82">82</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Ladies' Arms borne in a Lozenge</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page83">83</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Photographic + Correspondence:</span>—Multiplication of + Photographs—Yellow Bottles for Photographic Chemicals</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page85">85</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Replies To Minor Queries</span>:—Donnybrook + Fair—Abigail—Honorary Degrees—Red + Hair—Historical Engraving—Proverbs quoted by + Suetonius—"Sat cito, si sat bene"—Council of Laodicea, + Canon 35.—Anna Lightfoot—Jack and Gill—Simile of + the Soul and the Magnetic Needle—Gibbon's Library—St. + Paul's Epistles to Seneca—"Hip, Hip, + Hurrah!"—Emblemata—Campvere, Privileges of—Slang + Expressions: "Just the cheese"—The Honorable Miss E. St. + Leger—Queries from the Navorscher—"Pity is akin to + Love"</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page86">86</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Miscellaneous:</span>—</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Notes on Books, &c.</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page89">89</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Books and Odd Volumes wanted</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page90">90</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Notices to Correspondents</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page90">90</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Advertisements</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page90">90</a></p> + </td> + </tr> +</table> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Notes.</h2> + +<h3>WILLIAM BLAKE.</h3> + + <p>My antiquarian tendencies bring me acquainted with many neglected and + obscure individuals connected with our earlier English literature, who, + after "fretting their hour" upon life's stage, have passed away; leaving + their names entombed upon the title-page of some unappreciated or + crotchetty book, only to be found upon the shelves of the curious.</p> + + <p>To look for these in Kippis, Chalmers, Gorton, or Rose would be a + waste of time; and although agreeing to some extent with the + <i>Utilitarians</i>, that we have all that was worth preserving of the + <i>Antediluvians</i>, there is, I think, here and there a name worth + resuscitating, possessing claims to a <i>niche</i> in our "Antiquary's + Newspaper;" and for that distinction, I would now put in a plea on behalf + of my present subject, William Blake.</p> + + <p>Although our author belongs to the <i>eccentric category</i>, he is a + character not only deserving of notice, but a model for imitation: the + "<i>bee</i> in his bonnet" having set his sympathies in the healthy + direction of a large <i>philanthropy</i> for the spiritual and temporal + interests of his fellow men.</p> + + <p>The congenial reader has already, I doubt not, anticipated that I am + about to introduce that nondescript book bearing the running + title—and it never had any other—of <i>Silver Drops, or + Serious Things;</i> purporting, in a kind of colophon, to be "written by + William Blake, housekeeper to the Ladies' Charity School."<a + name="footnotetag1" href="#footnote1"><sup>[1]</sup></a> The curious in + old books knows too, that, apart from its subject, the <i>Silver + Drops</i> of W. B. has usually an attractive exterior; most of the + <i>exemplaires</i> which have come under my notice being sumptuously + bound in old morocco, profusely tooled; with the name of the party to + whom it had apparently been presented, stamped in a compartment upon the + cover. Its value is farther enhanced by its pictorial and emblematical + accompaniments. These are four in number: the first representing a heart, + whereon <!-- Page 70 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page70"></a>{70}</span>a fanciful picture of Charity supported by + angels; second, a view of Highgate Charity Schools (Dorchester House); + third, Time with his scythe and hour-glass<a name="footnotetag2" + href="#footnote2"><sup>[2]</sup></a>; and the fourth, in three + compartments, the centre containing butterflies; the smaller at top and + bottom, sententious allusions to the value of time—"Time drops + pearles from his golden wings," &c. These are respectable engravings, + but by whom executed I know not. After these, and before coming to the + <i>Silver Drops</i>, which are perhaps something akin to Master Brooks' + <i>Apples of Gold</i>, the book begins abruptly: "The Ladies' Charity + School-house Roll of Highgate, or a subscription of many noble + well-disposed ladies for the easie carrying of it on." "Being well + informed," runs the Prospectus, "that there is a pious, good, commendable + work for maintaining near forty poor or fatherless children, born all at + or near Highgate, Hornsey, or Hamsted: we, whose names are subscribed, do + engage or promise, that if the said boys are decently cloathed in blew, + lined with yellow; constantly fed all alike with good and wholsom diet; + taught to read, write, and cast accompts, and so put out to trades, in + order to live another day; then we will give for one year, two or three + (if we well like the design, and prudent management of it,) once a year, + the sum below mentioned," &c. The projector of this good work was the + subject of my present note; and after thus introducing it, the worthy + "woollen-draper, at the sign of the Golden Boy, Maiden Lane, Covent + Garden," for such he was, goes on to recommend and enforce its importance + in a variety of cajolling addresses, or, as he calls them, + "charity-school sticks," to the great and wealthy; ostensibly the + production of the boys, but in reality the concoctions of Mr. Blake, and + in which he pleads earnestly for his <i>hobby</i>. In <i>An Essay, or + Humble Guess, how the Noble Ladies may be inclined to give to and + encourage their Charity-school at Highgate</i>, Mr. Blake farther + humorously shows up the various dispositions of his fair + friends:—"And first," says he, "my lady such-a-one cryed, Come, we + will make one purse out of our family;" and "my lady such-an-one said she + would give for the fancy of the Roll and charity stick. My lady + such-an-one cryed by her troth she would give nothing at all, for she had + waies enough for her money; while another would give five or six stone of + beef every week." Again, in trying to come at the great citizen-ladies, + he magnifies, in the following characteristic style, the city of London; + and, by implication, their noble husbands and themselves:—"There + is," says Mr. Blake, "the Tower and the Monument; the old Change, + Guild-Hall, and Blackwall-Hall, <i>which some would fain burn again</i>; + there is Bow steeple, the <i>Holy Bible</i>, <i>the Silver Bells of + Aaron</i>, <i>the godly-outed ministers</i>; the melodious musick of the + Gospels; Smithfield martyrs yet alive; and the best society, the very + best in all the world for civility, loyalty, men, and manners; with the + greatest cash, bulk, mass, and stock of all sorts of silks, cinnamon, + spices, wine, gold, pearls, Spanish wooll and cloaths; with the river + <i>Nilus</i>, and the stately ships of <i>Tarshish</i> to carry in and + out the great merchandizes of the world." In this the city dames are + attacked collectively. Individually, he would wheedle them thus into his + charitable plans:—"Now pray, dear madam, speak or write to my lady + out of hand, and tell her how it is with us; and if she will subscribe a + good <i>gob</i>, and get the young ladies to do so too; and then put in + altogether with your lordship's and Sir James's also: for it is necessary + he or you in his stead should do something, <i>now the great ship is come + safe in, and by giving some of the first-fruits of your great bay, or new + plantation, to our school, the rest will be blessed the better</i>." The + scheme seems to have offered attractions to the Highgate + gentry:—"The great ladies do allow their house-keeper," he + continues, "one bottle of wine, three of ale, half a dozen of rolls, and + two dishes of meat a-day; who is to see the wilderness, orchard, great + prospects, walks, and gardens, all well kept and rolled for their + honours' families; and to give them small treats according to discretion + when they please to take the air, which is undoubtedly the best round + London." Notwithstanding the eloquent pleadings of Mr. Blake for their + assistance and support, it is to be feared that the <i>noble ladies</i> + allowed the predictions of his friends to be verified, and <i>did</i> + "suffer such an inferiour meane and little person (to use his own + phraseology) to sink under the burden of so good and great a work:" for + we find that Gough, in allusion thereto, says (<i>Topographical + Anecdotes</i>, vol. i. p. 644.):—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"This Hospital at Highgate, called the Ladies' Charity School, was + erected by one W. Blake, a woollen-draper in Covent Garden; who having + purchased Dorchester House, and having fooled away his estate in + building, was thrown into prison."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Even here, and under such circumstances, our subject was nothing + daunted; for the same authority informs us, that, still full of his + philanthropic projects, he took the opportunity his leisure there + admitted to write another work upon his favourite topic of educating and + caring for the <!-- Page 71 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page71"></a>{71}</span>poor; its title is, <i>The State and Case of + a Design for the better Education of Thousands of Parish Children + successively in the vast Northern Suburbs of London vindicated, + &c.</i> Besides the above, there is another remarkable little piece + which I have seen, beginning abruptly, "Here followeth a briefe + exhortation which I gave in my owne house at my wife's funerall to our + friends then present," by Blake, with the MS. date, 1650; and exhibits + this original character in another not less amiable light:—"I was + brought up," says he, "by my parents to learne <i>Hail Mary</i>, + paternoster, the Beliefe, and learne to reade; and where I served my + apprenticeship little more was to be found." He attributes it to God's + grace that he fell a reading the <i>Practice of Piety</i>, by which means + he got a little persuading of God's love to his soul:—"Well, my + time being out, I set up for myselfe; and seeking out for a wife, which, + with long waiting and difficulty, much expence and charge, at last I got. + Four children God gave me by her; but he hath taken them and her all + again too, who was a woman of a thousand." Mr. B. then naturally indulges + in a panegyric upon this pattern of wives, and reproaches himself for his + former insensibility to her surpassing merits: relating with great + <i>naïveté</i> some domestic passages, with examples of her piety and + trials, in one of which latter the <i>enemy</i> would tempt her to + suicide:—"There lie your garters," said he; "but she threw them + aside, and so escaped this will of the Devil."</p> + + <p>In conclusion, let me inquire if your Highgate correspondents are + cognisant of any existing institution raised upon the foundation of + William Blake's Charity School at Dorchester House?</p> + + <p class="author">J. O.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[Our correspondent's interesting communication suggests a Query: Is + there any biographical notice of William Blake; and was he the author of + the following piece, preserved among the Kings' pamphlets in the British + Museum? "The Condemned Man's Reprieve, or God's Love-Tokens, flowing in + upon the heart of William Blake, a penitent sinner, giving him assurance + of the pardon of his sins, and the enjoyment of eternal happiness through + the merits of Christ his Saviour. Recommended by him (being a condemned + prisoner for manslaughter within the statute) unto his sister, and + bequeathed unto her as a legacy." It is dated from "Exon Jayle," June 25, + 1653, and was published July 14, 1653."—<span + class="sc">Ed.</span>]</p> + +</div> + +<div class="note"> + <a name="footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b><a + href="#footnotetag1">(return)</a> + <p>"Mr. Henry Cornish, merchant," was a coadjutor of Blake's in this + charitable undertaking; and as that Alderman was not executed until 1635, + this publication may be assigned to about that date.</p> + + <a name="footnote2"></a><b>Footnote 2:</b><a + href="#footnotetag2">(return)</a> + <p>[It appears, from the following advertisement at the end of <i>Silver + Drops</i>, that the plates of Time and Charity were used as + receipts:—"It is humbly desired, that what you or any of you, most + noble Ladies, Gentlewomen, or others, are pleased to bestow or give + towards this good or great design, that you would be pleased to take a + receipt on the backside of Time or Charity, sealed with three seales, + namely, the Treasurer's, Housekeeper's, and Register's; and it shall be + fairly recorded, and hung up in the school-house, to be read of all from + Time to Time, to the world's end, we hope."—<span + class="sc">Ed.</span>]</p> + +</div> +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>A POEM BY SHELLEY, NOT IN HIS WORKS.</h3> + + <p>The following poem was published in a South Carolina newspaper in the + year 1839. The person who communicates it states that it was among the + papers of a deceased friend, in a small packet, endorsed "A letter and + two poems written by Shelley the poet, and lent to me by Mr. Trelawney in + 1823. I was prevented from returning them to him, for which I am sorry, + since this is the only copy of them—they have never been + published." Upon this poem was written, "Given to me by Shelley, who + composed it as we were sailing one evening together."</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Uneda.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Philadelphia.</p> + + <div class="contents"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i4hg3">"<i>The Calm.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Hush! hark! the Triton calls</p> + <p class="i1">From his hollow shell,</p> + <p class="i1">And the sea is as smooth as a well;</p> + <p class="i1">For the winds and the waves</p> + <p>In wild order form,</p> + <p class="i1">To rush to the halls</p> + <p class="i1">And the crystal-roof'd caves</p> + <p class="i1">Of the deep, deep ocean,</p> + <p>To hold consultation</p> + <p class="i1">About the next storm.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"The moon sits on the sky</p> + <p class="i1">Like a swan sleeping</p> + <p>On the stilly lake:</p> + <p>No wild breath to break</p> + <p>Her smooth <i>massy</i> light</p> + <p class="i1">And <i>ruffle</i> it into <i>beams:</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"The downy clouds droop</p> + <p class="i1">Like moss upon a tree;</p> + <p>And in the earth's bosom grope</p> + <p class="i1">Dim vapours and streams.</p> + <p>The darkness is weeping,</p> + <p class="i1">Oh, most silently!</p> + <p>Without audible sigh,</p> + <p class="i1">All is noiseless and bright.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Still 'tis living silence here,</p> + <p>Such as fills not with fear.</p> + <p>Ah, do you not hear</p> + <p class="i1">A humming and purring</p> + <p class="i1">All about and about?</p> + <p class="i1hg1">'Tis from souls let out,</p> + <p class="i1">From their day-prisons freed,</p> + <p>And joying in release,</p> + <p class="i1">For no slumber they need.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Shining through this <i>veil of peace,</i></p> + <p class="i1">Love now pours her omnipresence,</p> + <p>And various nature</p> + <p>Feels through every feature</p> + <p class="i1">The joy intense,</p> + <p class="i1">Yet so <i>passionless,</i></p> + <p>Passionless and pure;</p> + <p class="i1">The human mind restless</p> + <p>Long could not endure.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"But hush while I tell,</p> + <p class="i1">As the <i>shrill whispers flutter</i></p> + <p>Through the pores of the sea,—</p> + <p class="i1">Whatever they utter</p> + <p class="i1">I'll interpret to thee.</p> + <p>King Neptune now craves</p> + <p class="i1">Of his turbulent vassals</p> + <p>Their workings to quell;</p> + <p class="i1">And the billows are quiet,</p> + <p class="i1"><i>Though thinking on riot.</i></p> + <p>On the left and the right</p> + <p>In ranks they are coil'd up,</p> +<!-- Page 72 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page72"></a>{72}</span> + <p class="i1">Like snakes on the plain;</p> + <p>And each one has roll'd up</p> + <p class="i1">A bright flashing streak</p> + <p>Of the white moonlight</p> + <p class="i1">On his glassy green neck:</p> + <p>On every one's forehead</p> + <p class="i1">There glitters a star,</p> + <p>With a hairy train</p> + <p class="i1">Of light <i>floating from afar</i>,</p> + <p>And pale or fiery red.</p> + <p>Now old Eolus goes</p> + <p class="i1">To each muttering blast,</p> + <p>Scattering blows;</p> + <p class="i1">And some he binds fast</p> + <p class="i1">In hollow rocks vast,</p> + <p class="i1">And others he gags</p> + <p>With thick heavy foam.</p> + <p class="hg1">'Twing them round</p> + <p class="i1">The sharp rugged crags</p> + <p class="i1">That are sticking out near,'</p> + <p class="i1">Growls he, 'for fear</p> + <p>They all should rebel,</p> + <p>And so play hell.'</p> + <p>Those that he bound,</p> + <p class="i1">Their prison-walls grasp,</p> + <p>And through the dark gloom</p> + <p class="i1">Scream fierce and yell:</p> + <p class="i1">While all the rest gasp,</p> + <p class="i1">In rage fruitless and vain.</p> + <p>Their shepherd now leaves them</p> + <p class="i1">To howl and to roar—</p> + <p>Of his presence bereaves them,</p> + <p class="i1">To feed some young breeze</p> + <p>On the violet odour,</p> + <p>And to teach it on shore</p> + <p class="i1">To rock the green trees.</p> + <p class="i1">But no more can be said</p> + <p>Of what was transacted</p> + <p>And what was enacted</p> + <p>In the heaving abodes</p> + <p>Of the great sea-gods."</p> + </div> + </div> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>THE IMPOSSIBILITIES OF HISTORY.</h3> + + <p>In <i>The Tablet</i> of June 18 is a leading article on the proposed + erection of Baron Marochetti's statue of Richard Cœur de Lion. + Theology and history are mixed: of course I shall carefully exclude the + former. I have tried to trace the statements to their sources; and where + I have failed, perhaps some of your readers may be able to help me.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"When the physicians told him that they could do nothing more for him, + and when his confessor had done his duty faithfully and with all honesty, + the stern old soldier commanded his attendants to take him off the bed, + and lay him naked on the bare floor. When this was done, he then bade + them take a discipline and scourge him with all their might. This was the + last command of their royal master; and in this he was obeyed with more + zeal than he found displayed when at the head of his troops in + Palestine."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>I find no record that "the stern old soldier," who was then forty-two + years of age, and whom the writer oddly calls Richard II., had any reason + to complain of want of zeal in his troops. They fought well, and flogged + well—if they flogged at all. Richard died of gangrene in the + shoulder; and I have the authority of an eminent physician for saying, + that gangrene, so near the vital parts, would produce such mental and + bodily prostration, that it is highly improbable that the patient, unless + in delirium, should give such an order, and impossible that he should + live through its execution.</p> + + <p>Hume and Lingard do not allude to the "discipline;" and the silence of + the latter is important. Henry says:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Having expressed great penitence for his vices, and having undergone + a very severe discipline from the hands of the clergy, who attended him + in his last moments," &c.—Vol. iii. p. 161. ed. 1777.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>He cites Brompton, and there I find the penance given much stronger + than in <i>The Tablet</i>:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Præcepitque pedes sibi ligari, et in altum suspendi nudumque corpus + flagellis cædi et lacerari, donec ipse præciperat ut silerent. Cumque diu + cæderetur, ex præcepto, ad modicum siluerunt. Et spiritu iterum + reassumpto, hoc idem secundo ac tertio in abundantiâ sanguinis + compleverunt. Tamdiu in se revertens, afferri viaticum sibi jussit et se + velut proditorem et hostem, contra dominum suum ligatis pedibus fune + trahi."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>This is taken from Brompton's Chronicle in <i>Decem Scriptores + Historiæ Anglicanæ</i>, 1652, p. 1279., edited by Selden. As Brompton + lived in the reign of Edward III., he is not a high authority upon any + matter in that of Richard I. I cannot find any other. Hoveden and + Knyghton are silent. Is the fact stated elsewhere? Hoveden states, and + the modern historians follow him, that after the king's death, Marchader + seized the archer, flayed him alive, and then hanged him. My medical + authority says, that no man could be flayed <i>alive</i>: and that the + most skilful operator could not remove the skin of one arm from the elbow + to the wrist, before the patient would die from the shock to his + system.</p> + + <p>Mr. Riley, in a note on the passage in Hoveden, cites from the + <i>Winchester Chronicle</i> a possible account of Gurdum being tortured + to death. The historian of <i>The Tablet</i>, in the same article, + says:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"We are far from attributing absolute perfection to the son of Henry + II., one of that awful race popularly believed to be descended from the + devil. When Henry, as a boy, practising Whiggery by revolting against his + father, was presented to St. Bernard at the Court of the King of France, + the saint looked at him with a sort of terror, and said, 'From the Devil + you came, and to the Devil you will go.'"</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The fact that Henry II. rebelled against his father is not given in + any history which I have <!-- Page 73 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page73"></a>{73}</span>read; and the popular belief in the + remarkable descent of Henry, and consequently of our present royal + family, is quite new to me, and to all of whom I have inquired. Still, + finding that the writer had an authority for the "discipline," he may + have one for the Devil. If so, I should like to know it; for I + contemplate something after the example of Lucian's <i>Quomodo Historia + sit conscribenda</i>.</p> + + <p class="author">H. B. C.</p> + + <p class="address">U. U. Club.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>"QUEM DEUS VULT PERDERE PRIUS DEMENTAT."</h3> + + <p>Having disposed of the allegation that the Greek Iambic,</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"<span title="hon theos thelei apolesai prôt' apophrenai" class="grk">ὅν θεὸς θέλει ἀπολέσαι πρῶτ' ἀποφρέναι</span>,"</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>was from Euripides, by denying the assertion, I am also, on farther + investigation, compelled to deny to him also the authorship of the cited + passage,—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"<span title="hotan de Daimôn andri porsunêi kaka, ton noun eblapse prôton" class="grk" + >ὅταν δε + Δαίμων ἀνδρὶ + πορσύνῃ + κακὰ, τὸν + νοῦν ἔβλαψε + πρὼτον</span>."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Its first appearance is in Barnes, who quotes it from Athenagoras + "sine auctoris nomine." Carmeli includes it with others, to which he + prefixes the observation,—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"A me piacque come al Barnesio di porle per disteso, ed a canto + mettervi la traduzione in nostra favella, <i>senza entrare tratto tratto + in quistioni</i> inutili, <i>se alcuni versi appartengano a Tragedia di + Euripide, o no</i>."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>There is, then, no positive evidence of this passage having ever been + attributed, by any competent scholar, to Euripides. Indirect proof that + it could not have been written by him is thus shown:—In the + Antigone of Sophocles (v. 620.) the chorus sings, according to + Brunck,—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"<span title="Sophiai gar ek tou" class="grk">Σοφίᾳ γὰρ ἔκ του</span></p> + <p><span title="kleinon epos pephantai;" class="grk">κλεινὸν ἔπος πέφανται·</span></p> + <p><span title="To kakon dokein pot' esthlon" class="grk">Τὸ κακὸν δοκεῖν ποτ' ἐσθλὸν</span></p> + <p><span title="tôid' emmen, hotôi phrenas" class="grk">τῷδ' ἔμμεν, ὅτῳ φρένας</span></p> + <p><span title="theos agei pros atan;" class="grk">θεὸς ἄγει πρὸς ἄταν·</span></p> + <p><span title="prassein d' oligoston chronon ektos atas" class="grk">πράσσειν δ' ὀλιγοστὸν χρόνον ἐκτὸς ἄτας</span>."</p> + </div> + </div> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"For a splendid saying has been revealed by the wisdom of <i>some + one</i>: That evil appears to be good to him whose mind God leads to + destruction; <i>but that he (God) practises this a short time without + destroying such a one</i>."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Now, had Barnes referred to the scholiast on the Antigone, or + remembered at the time the above-cited passage, he would either not have + omitted the conclusion of his distich, or he would at once have seen that + a passage quoted as "<span title="ek tou" class="grk">ἔκ + του</span>, <i>of some one</i>," by Sophocles, + seventeen years the senior of Euripides, could not have been the original + composition of his junior competitor. The conclusion of the distich is + thus given by the old scholiast:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"<span title="hotan d' ho Daimôn andri porsunêi kaka," class="grk">ὅταν δ' ὁ Δαίμων ἀνδρὶ πορσύνῃ κακὰ,</span></p> + <p><span title="ton noun eblapse prôton hôi bouleuetai" class="grk">τὸν νοῦν ἔβλαψε πρῶτον ᾧ <b>βουλεύεται</b></span>."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>The words "when he wills it" being left out by Barnes and Carmeli, but + which correspond with the last line of the quotation from Sophocles. The + old scholiast introduces the exact quotation referred to by Sophocles as + "a celebrated (notorious, <span title="aoidimon" class="grk" + >ἀοίδιμον</span>) and + splendid saying, revealed by the wisdom of <i>some one</i>, <span + title="meta sophias gar hupo tinos" class="grk" + >μετὰ σοφίας + γὰρ ὑπό + τινος</span>."</p> + + <p>Indeed, the sentiment must have been as old as Paganism, wherein, + whilst all <i>voluntary</i> acts are attributed to the individual, all + <i>involuntary</i> ones are ascribed to the Deity. Even <i>sneezing</i> + was so considered: hence the phrase common in the lower circles in + England, "Bless us," and in a higher grade in Germany, "Gott segne euch," + which form the usual chorus to a sneeze.</p> + + <p>The other scholiast, Triclinius, explains the passage of Sophocles by + saying, "The gods lead to error (<span title="blabên" class="grk" + >βλάβην</span>) him whom they intend to + make miserable (<span title="dustuchein" class="grk" + >δυστυχεῖν</span>): + hence the application to Antigone, who considers death as sweet."</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">T. J. Buckton.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Lichfield.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>SHAKSPEARE CORRESPONDENCE.</h3> + + <p><i>A Passage in "The Taming of the Shrew."</i>—Perhaps I mistake + it, but <span class="sc">Mr. C. Mansfield Ingleby</span> seems to me to + write in a tone as if he fancied I should be unwilling to answer his + questions, whether public or private. Although I am not personally + acquainted with him, we have had some correspondence, and I must always + feel that a man so zealous and intelligent is entitled to the best reply + I can afford. I can have no hesitation in informing him that, in + preparing what he terms my "monovolume Shakspeare," I pursued this plan + throughout; I adopted, as my foundation, the edition in eight volumes + octavo, which I completed in 1844; that was "formed from an entirely new + collation of the old editions," and my object there was to give the most + accurate representation of the text of the folios and quartos. Upon that + stock I engrafted the manuscript alterations in my folio 1632, in every + case in which it seemed to me possible that the old corrector might be + right—in short, wherever two opinions could be entertained as to + the reading: in this way my text in the "monovolume Shakspeare" was + "regulated by the old copies, and by the recently discovered folio of + 1632."</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Mr. Ingleby</span> will see that in the brief preface + to the "monovolume Shakspeare," I expressly say that "while a general + similarity (to the folio 1632) has been preserved, care has been taken + <i>to rectify the admitted mistakes of the early impression</i>, and to + introduce such alterations of a corrupt and imperfect text, as were + warranted by better authorities. Thus, while the new readings of the old + corrector of the folio 1632, considerably exceeding a thousand, are duly + inserted in the places <!-- Page 74 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page74"></a>{74}</span>to which they belong, the old readings, + which, during the last century and a half, have recommended themselves + for adoption, and have been derived from a comparison of ancient printed + editions, have also been incorporated." I do not know how I could have + expressed myself with greater clearness; and it was merely for the sake + of distinctness that I referred to the result of my own labours in 1842, + 1843, and 1844, during which years my eight volumes octavo were + proceeding through the press. Those labours, it will be seen, essentially + contributed to lighten my task in preparing the "monovolume + Shakspeare."</p> + + <p>My answer respecting the passage in <i>The Taming of the Shrew</i>, + referred to by <span class="sc">Mr. Ingleby</span>, will, I trust, be + equally satisfactory; it shall be equally plain.</p> + + <p>I inserted <i>ambler</i>, because it is the word substituted in + manuscript in the margin of my folio 1632. I adopted <i>mercatantè</i>, + as proposed by Steevens, not only because it is the true Italian word, + but because it exactly fits the place in the verse, <i>mercatant</i> (the + word in the folios) being a syllable short of the required number. In the + very copy of Florio's <i>Italian Dictionary</i>, which I bought of Rodd + at the time when I purchased my folio 1632, I find <i>mercatantè</i> + translated by the word "marchant," "marter," and "trader," exactly the + sense required. Then, as to "surely" instead of <i>surly</i>, I venture + to think that "surely" is the true reading:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"In gait and countenance surely like a father."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>"Surely like a father" is certainly like a father; and although a man + may be <i>surly</i> in his "countenance," I do not well see how he could + be <i>surly</i> in his "gait;" besides, what had occurred to make the + pedant <i>surly</i>? This appears to me the best reason for rejecting + <i>surly</i> in favour of "surely;" but I have another, which can hardly + be refused to an editor who professes to follow the old copies, where + they are not contradicted. I allude to the folio 1628, where the line + stands precisely thus:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"In gate and countenance surely like a Father."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The folio 1632 misprinted "surely" <i>surly</i>, as, in <i>Julius + Cæsar</i>, Act I. Sc. 3., it committed the opposite blunder, by + misprinting "surly" <i>surely</i>. Another piece of evidence, to prove + that "surely" was the poet's word in <i>The Taming of the Shrew</i>, has + comparatively recently fallen in my way; I did not know of its existence + in 1844, or it would have been of considerable use to me. It is a + <i>unique</i> quarto of the play, which came out some years before the + folio 1623, and is not to be confounded with the quarto of <i>The Taming + of the Shrew</i>, with the date of 1631 on the title-page. This new + authority has the line exactly as it is given in the folio 1623, which, + in truth, was printed from it. It is now before me.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. Payne Collier</span>.</p> + + <p class="address">July 10.</p> + + <p><i>Critical Digest of various Readings in the Works of + Shakspeare.</i>—There is much activity in the literary world just + now about the text of Shakspeare: but one most essential work, in + reference to that text, still remains to be performed,—I mean, the + publication of a complete digest of <i>all</i> the various readings, in a + concise shape, such as those which we possess in relation to the MSS. and + other editions of nearly every classical author.</p> + + <p>At present, all editions of Shakspeare which claim to be considered + critical, contain much loose information on readings, mixed up with notes + (frequently very diffuse) on miscellaneous topics. This is not in the + least what we require: we need a regular <i>digest</i> of readings, + wholly distinct from long debates about their value.</p> + + <p>What I mean will be plain to any one who is familiar with any good + critical edition of the Greek New Testament, or with such books as + Gaisford's <i>Herodotus</i>, the Berlin <i>Aristotle</i>, the Zurich + <i>Plato</i>, and the like. We ought to have, first, a good text of + Shakspeare: such as may represent, as fairly as possible, the real + results of the labours of the soundest critics; and, secondly, page by + page, at the foot of that text, the following particulars:</p> + + <p>I. All the readings of the folios, which should be cited as A, B, C, + and D.</p> + + <p>II. All the readings of the quartos, which might be cited separately + in each play that possesses them, either as a, b, c, d; or as 1, 2, 3, + and 4.</p> + + <p>III. A succinct summary of all the respectable criticisms, in the way + of conjecture, on the text. This is especially needed. The recent volumes + of Messrs. Collier, Singer, and Dyce, show that even editors of + Shakspeare scarcely know the history of all the emendations. Let their + precise <i>pedigree</i> be in the last case recorded with the most + absolute brevity; simply the <i>suggestion</i>, and the names of its + proposers and adopters.</p> + + <p>IV. To simplify this last point, a new siglation might be introduced + to denote the various critical editions.</p> + + <p>Such a publication should be kept distinct from any commentary; + especially from one laid out in the broad flat style of modern editors. + Mr. Collier's volume of <i>Emendations</i>, &c., for instance, need + not have occupied half its present space, if he had first denoted his MS. + corrector by some short symbol, instead of by a lengthy phrase; and, + secondly, introduced his suggestions by some such formularies as those + employed in classical criticisms, instead of toiling laboriously after + variations in his style of expression, till we are wearied by the real + iteration which lies under the seeming diversity.</p> + + <p>There should be none of this <i>phrasework</i> in the digest which I + recommend. If indeed it were found absolutely necessary to connect it + with a commentary, then arrange the two portions of the <!-- Page 75 + --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page75"></a>{75}</span>apparatus as in + Arnold's edition of <i>Thucydides</i>: the <i>variæ lectiones</i> in the + middle of the page, and the comment in a different type below it. But I + repeat, it would be better still to give us the digest <i>without</i> the + comment. All would go into one large volume. And it cannot be doubted + that such a volume, if thoroughly well done, would furnish at once a sort + of <i>textus receptus</i>, and a critical basis, from which future + editors might commence their labours. It would also be an indispensable + book of reference to all who treat of, or are interested in, the poet's + text. Such, I say, would be its certain prospects if the editor were at + once an accurate, painstaking scholar, and a man of true poetical + feeling. The labour would be great, but so would be the reward. It is + only what the ablest scholars have proudly undertaken for the classics, + even in the face of toils far more severe. Would that Mr. Dyce could be + roused to attempt it!</p> + + <p class="author">B.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[Some such edition as that alluded to by our correspondent has been + long desired and contemplated. A proposal in connexion with it has been + afloat for some time past, and we had hoped would have been publicly made + in our pages before now. There are difficulties in the way which do not + exist in the parallel instances from classical literature, and which do + not seem to have occurred to our correspondent; but the project is in + good hands, and we hope will soon be brought to bear.—<span + class="sc">Ed.</span>]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Emendations of Shakspeare.</i>—I am sadly afraid, what with + one annotator and another, that we, in a very little time, shall have + Shakspeare so modernised and weeded of his peculiarities, that he will + become a very second-rate sort of a person indeed; for I now see with no + little alarm, that one of his most delightful quaintnesses is to give way + to the march of refinement, and be altogether ruined. Hazlitt, one the + most original and talented of critics, has somewhere said, that there was + not in any passage of Shakspeare any single word that could be changed to + one more appropriate, and as an instance he gives a passage from + <i>Macbeth</i>, which certainly is one of the most perfect and beautiful + to be found in the whole of his works:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"This castle hath a pleasant seat; the air</p> + <p>Nimbly and sweetly recommends itself</p> + <p>Unto our gentle senses.</p> + <p class="i10">This guest of summer,</p> + <p>The temple-haunting martlet, does approve</p> + <p>By his loved mansionry, that the heaven's breath</p> + <p>Smells wooingly here: no jutty, frieze, buttress,</p> + <p>Nor coin of vantage, but this bird hath made</p> + <p>His pendent bed, and procreant cradle: where they</p> + <p>Most breed and haunt, I have observed, the air</p> + <p>Is delicate."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>There are some who differ from Hazlitt in the present day, and assert + that there is an error in the press in Dogberry's reproof of Borachio for + calling him an "ass." The passage as it stands is as follows:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"I am a wise fellow; and which is more, an officer, and which is more, + a <i>householder</i>, and which is more, as pretty a piece of flesh as + any is in Messina, and one that knows the law, go to; and a rich fellow + enough, go to; and a fellow that hath had <i>losses</i>, and one that + hath two gowns, and everything handsome about him."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>His having had losses evidently meaning, though he was then poor, that + his circumstances were at one time so prosperous, that he could afford to + <i>bear</i> losses; and he, even then, had a superfluity of wardrobe in + "two gowns, and everything handsome about him." But this little word + <i>losses</i>, the perfect Shakspearian quaintness of which is + universally acknowledged, is to be changed into <i>leases</i>; if it + should be <i>leases</i>, how is it that it does not follow upon + "householder," instead of being introduced so many words after? as, if + <i>leases</i> were the proper word, it would assuredly have suggested + itself immediately as an additional item to his respectability as a + householder: for a moment only fancy similar corrections to be introduced + in others of Shakspeare's plays, and Falstaff be made to exclaim at the + robbery at Gad's Hill, "Down with them, they dislike us old men," instead + of "they hate us youth;" for Falstaff was no boy at the time, and this + might be advanced as an authority for the emendation. But seriously, if + this alteration is sent forth as a specimen of the improvements about to + be effected in Shakspeare, from an edition of his plays lately + discovered, I shall, for one, deeply regret that it was ever rescued + front its oblivion; for with my prejudices and prepossessions against + interpolations, and in favour of old readings, I shall find it no easy + matter to reconcile my mind to the new. Strip history of its romance, and + you deprive it of its principal charm; the scenery of a play-house + imposes upon us an illusion, and though we know it to be so, it is not + essential that the impression should be removed. I remember once + travelling at night in Norfolk, and a part of my way was through a wood, + at the end of which I came upon a lake lit up by a magnificent moon. I + subsequently went the same road by day: the wood, I then found, was a + mere belt of trees, and the lake had dwindled to a duck-pond. I have ever + since wished that the first impression had remained unchanged; but this + is a digression. There is no author so universal as Shakspeare, and would + that be the case if he was not thoroughly understood? He is appreciated + alike in the closet and on the stage, quoted by saints and sages, in the + pulpit and the senate, and your nostrum-monger advertises his wares with + a quotation from his pages; does he then require interpreting who is his + own interpreter? Johnson says of him that—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Panting Time toil'd after him in vain."</p> + </div> + </div> + +<p><!-- Page 76 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page76"></a>{76}</span></p> + + <p>And that he—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Exhausted worlds and then imagined new."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>There is no passion that he has not pourtrayed, and laid bare in its + beauty or deformity; no feeling or affection to which his genius has not + given the stamp of immortality: and does he want an interpreter? It is + treading on dangerous ground to attempt to improve him. Even <span + class="sc">Mr. Knight</span>, enthusiast as he is in his veneration for + Shakspeare, and who, by his noble editions of the poet's works, has won + the admiration and secured the gratitude of every lover of the poet, has + gone too far in his emendations when he changes a line in <i>Romeo and + Juliet</i> from</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Hence will I to my ghostly father's cell."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>to</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Hence will I to my ghostly friar's close cell."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>As in the latter case the line will not scan unless the word "friar" + be reduced to a monosyllable, which, on reflection, I think <span + class="sc">Mr. Knight</span> will be inclined to admit. But my paper is, + I fear, extending to a limit beyond which you have occasionally warned + your correspondents not to go, and I must therefore draw my remarks to a + close, with a hope that not any offence will be taken where none is + intended by those to whom any of my observations may apply.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">George Blink.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Canonbury.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>"THE DANCE OF DEATH."</h3> + + <p>Amongst the numerous emblematic works, it has often appeared to me + that the above work should be republished entire; to give any part of it + would be spoiling a most admirable series. I should desire to see it + executed not as a fac-simile, but improved by good modern artists. The + history of "The Dance of Death" is too long and too obscure to enter upon + here; but from the general tenor of the accounts and criticisms of the + work, it does not appear to have originated at all with Hans Holbein, or + even his father, who also really painted it at Basil, in Switzerland, but + to have had its origin in more remote times, as quoted in several + authors, that anciently monasteries usually had a painted representation + of a Death's Dance upon the walls. It is a subject, therefore, open to + any artist, nor could it be said he had pirated anything if he treated + the subject after his own fashion. "The Dance of Death" begins of course + with king, the queen, the bishop, the lawyer, the lovers, &c., and + ends with the child, whom Death is leading away from the weeping mother. + The original plates of Hollar, from Holbein's drawings, are possibly + still extant, but they are by no means perfect, although admirable in + expression. The deaths or skeletons are very ill-drawn as to the + anatomical structure, and were they better the work would be excellent. + The Death lugging off the fat abbot is inimitable; and the gallant way he + escorts the lady abbess out the convent door is very good. I have the + engravings by Hollar, and have made some of the designs afresh, intending + to lithograph them at some future day; but there being thirty subjects in + all, the work would be a difficult task. Mr. J. B. Yates might, indeed, + with his excellent collection of Emblemata, revive this old and beautiful + taste now in abeyance: it is now rarely practised by our painters. There + is, however, a very fine picture in the Royal Academy Exhibition, by Mr. + Goodall, which is, strictly speaking, an emblem, though the artist calls + it an historical episode. Now it appears to me an episode cannot be + reduced into a representation; it might embrace a complete picture in + writing, but as I read the picture it is an emblem, and would have been + still more perfect had the painter treated it accordingly. The old man at + the helm of the barge might well represent Strafford, because, though he + holds the tiller, he is not engaged in steering right, his eyes are not + directed to his port. Charles himself, rightly enough, has his back to + the port, and is truly not engaged in manly affairs, nor attending to his + duty; but the sentiment of frivolity here painted cannot, I should say, + attach itself to him, for he is not to be reproached with idling away his + time with women and children, as this more strictly must be laid to his + son. But the port where some grim-looking men are seriously waiting for + him, completes a very happy and poetical idea, but incomplete as an + emblem, which it really is; and were the emblematic rules more + cultivated, it would have told its story much better.</p> + + <p>At present, the taste of the day lies in more direct caricature, and + our volatile friend <i>Punch</i> does the needful in his wicked sallies + of wit, and his fertile pencil. His sharp rubs are perhaps more effective + to John Bull's temper, who can take a blow with Punch's truncheon and + bear no malice after it,—the heavy lectures of the ancients are not + so well suited to his constitution.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Weld Taylor.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Bayswater.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Minor Notes.</h2> + + <p><i>Old Lines newly revived.</i>—The old lines of spondees and + dactyls are just now applicable:—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Cōntūrbābāntūr Cōnstāntīnōpŏlĭtānī</p> + <p>Innŭmĕrābĭlĭbūs sōlĭcĭtūdĭnĭbūs."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. Collyns.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Harlow.</p> + + <p><i>Inscription near Cirencester.</i>—In Earl Bathurst's park, + near Cirencester, stands a building—the resort in the summer months + of occasional pic-nic parties. During one of these visits, at which I + <!-- Page 77 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page77"></a>{77}</span>was + present, I copied an inscription, painted in old characters on a board, + and nailed to one of the walls, and as the whole thing had not the + appearance of belonging to modern times, and, as far as I could decipher + it, it referred to some agreement between Alfred and some of his + neighbouring brother kings, concerning boundaries of territory, I send it + to you for insertion.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">A. Smith.</span></p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p><a href="images/maltesex.png"><img src="images/maltesex.png" + class="middle" style="height:1.5ex" alt="cross" /></a> "FŒDVS . + QUOD . ÆLFREDVS . ET . LVTHRVNVS . REGES . OMNES . ANGLIAM . INTOLEBANT . + ORIENTALEM . FERIERVNT . ET . NON . SOLVM . DE . SEIPSIS . VERVM . ETIAM + . DE . NATIS . SVIS . AC . NONDVM . IN . LVCEM . EDITIS . QVOTQVOT . + MISERICORDIÆ . DIVINÆ . AVT . REGIÆ . VELVNT . ESSE . PARTICIPES . + JVREJVRANDO . SANXERVNT." <a href="images/maltesex.png"><img + src="images/maltesex.png" class="middle" style="height:1.5ex" alt="cross" + /></a></p> + + <p><a href="images/maltesex.png"><img src="images/maltesex.png" + class="middle" style="height:1.5ex" alt="cross" /></a> "PRIMO . DITIONIS + . NOSTRÆ . FINES . TAMESIN . EVEHVNTOR . INDE . LEAM . VSQVE . FONTEM . + EJVS . TAM . RECTA . AD . BEDFORDIAM . AC . DENIQVE . PER . VSAM . AD . + VIAM . VETE . LINTIANAM."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p><i>Wordsworth.</i>—In Wordsworth's touching "Lament of Mary + Queen of Scots," one of the stanzas opens with:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"<i>Born all too high; by wedlock rais'd</i></p> + <p><i>Still higher</i>, to be brought thus low!"</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>Is it straining a point to suppose that the author has here translated + the opening words of the well-known epitaph on the Empress Matilda, + mother of our Henry II.?</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"<i>Ortu magna; viro major</i>; sed maxima prole;</p> + <p>Hic jacet Henrici filia, sponsa, parens."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p class="author">A. W.</p> + + <p class="address">Sunningdale.</p> + + <p>"<i>Magna est Veritas et prævalebit.</i>"—I was asked the other + day whence came this hackneyed quotation. It is taken from the + uncanonical Scriptures, 3 Esdras iv. 41.:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Et desiit loquendo: Et omnes populi clamaverunt, et dixerunt: Magna + est veritas, et <i>prævalet</i>."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">T. H. de H.</span></p> + + <p>"<i>Putting your Foot into it.</i>"—The legitimate origin of + this term I have seen thus explained. Perhaps it may pass as correct + until a better be found. According to the <i>Asiatic Researches</i>, a + very curious mode of trying the title to land is practised in Hindostan. + Two holes are dug in the disputed spot, in each of which the lawyers on + either side put one of their legs, and remain there until one of them is + tired, or complains of being stung by insects, in which case his client + is defeated. An American writer has remarked that in the United States it + is generally the <i>client</i>, and not the <i>lawyer</i>, "who puts his + foot in it."</p> + + <p class="author">W. W.</p> + + <p class="address">Malta.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Queries.</h2> + +<h3>FRAGMENTS OF MSS.</h3> + + <p>Dr. Maitland, in his valuable volume on the "Dark Ages," has the + following remarks on a subject which I think has not met with the + attention it deserves:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Those who are in the habit of looking at such things, know how + commonly early printed books, whose binding has undergone the analytical + operation of damp, or mere old age, disclose the under end pieces of + beautiful and ancient manuscript. They know how freely parchment was used + for backs and bands, and fly-leaves, and even for covers. The thing is so + common, that those who are accustomed to see old books <i>have ceased to + notice it</i>."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>In order to come within the design of your pages, I must put this in + the shape of a Query, and ask, if it is not a pity that this fact has + <i>ceased to be noticed</i>? We do not know what treasures may be + contained in the shabby covers which we contemplate getting rid of. + "There are thousands" (of MSS.), says the same writer, "equally + destroyed,—thousands of murdered wretches not so completely + annihilated: their ghosts do walk the earth; they glide unseen into our + libraries, our studies, our very hands; they are all about and around us. + We even take them up and lay them down, without knowing of their + existence; unless time and damp (as if to punish and mock us for robbing + them of their prey) have loosed their bonds, and set them to confront + us."</p> + + <p>Archbishop Tenison had not "ceased to notice it." He very diligently + rescued these "fragments" from the hands of his bookbinder and it is to + be regretted that he did not take equal precaution in preserving them. + Recently, all that I could collect have been cleaned, inlaid, and + arranged chronologically, making two interesting and valuable + volumes.</p> + + <p>How far would it be desirable to unite for the purpose of collecting + MS. fragments, and early printed leaves?</p> + + <p>Might not a Society, which should have for its especial object the + <i>discovery</i>, cataloguing, and circulating information about these + stray bits, be of great service? <i>E. g.</i> I have before me five + volumes of Justinian's <i>Codices</i> and <i>Digesta</i>, Paris, 1526; + the covers of which are made of MS. Thirteen leaves go to make one board. + They are written on both sides and thus an easy multiplication gives us + 260 pages of MS., or early printing, in the covers of one work!</p> + + <p>It is not unlikely that, if the results of research in this direction + were carefully registered, many perfect pieces might be recovered.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Philip Hale.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Archbishop Tenison's Library,<br />St. Martin-in-the-Fields.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<p><!-- Page 78 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page78"></a>{78}</span></p> + +<h3>THE ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.</h3> + + <p>I have just met with a passage in the <i>Pseudodoxia Epidemica</i> of + Sir Thomas Browne, wherein this invention is foreshadowed in terms more + remarkable and significant, if less imaginative and beautiful, than that + from <i>The Spectator</i>, to which public attention has already been + directed, and which, I conceive, must unquestionably have been written, + with this particular example of the "received tenets and commonly + presumed truths" of the learned physician's day, distinctly present to + the mind of Addison. The passage referred to is as follows:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"There is another conceit of better notice, and <i>whispered thorow + the world</i> with some attention; credulous and vulgar auditors readily + believing it, and more judicious and distinctive heads not altogether + rejecting it. The conceit is excellent, and, if the effect would follow, + somewhat divine: whereby we might communicate like spirits, and confer on + earth with Menippus in the moon. And this is pretended from the sympathy + of two needles touched with the same loadstone, and placed in the centre + of two abecedary circles, or rings with letters described round about + them, one friend keeping one, and another the other, and agreeing upon + the hour wherein they will communicate. For then, <i>saith tradition</i>, + at what distance of place soever, when one needle shall be removed unto + any letter, the other, by a wonderful sympathy, will move unto the + same."—Book <span class="scac">II.</span> chap. ii, 4to., 1669, p. + 77.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Thus it is that "coming events cast their shadows before:" and, in the + present case, one is curious to learn how far back the <i>shadow</i> may + be traced. By whom has this <i>conceit</i> been <i>whispered thorow the + world</i>? and in what musty tomes is that <i>tradition</i> concealed, + which speaks concerning it? Kircher's <i>Catena Magnetica</i> might haply + tell us something in reply to these inquiries.</p> + + <p>In conformity with an often repeated suggestion to the correspondents + of "N. & Q.," to the simple signature of my <i>habitat</i>, alone + hitherto adopted by me, I now subjoin my name.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Wm. Matthews.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Cowgill.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Minor Queries.</h2> + + <p><i>Sir Walter Raleigh.</i>—In the discussions on the copyright + question some years ago, Sir Walter Raleigh was mentioned as one of the + authors whose posterity is totally extinct; but in his Life, as given in + <i>Lodge's Portraits</i>, his descendants are given as far down as his + great-grandchildren, of whom many were still living in 1699, at which + period, says Mr. Lodge, my information ceases. It seems unlikely that a + family then so numerous should have utterly perished since, both in its + male and female branches; and perhaps some of your correspondents may be + able to trace their subsequent history: the <i>name</i> is certainly not + extinct, whether its bearers be his descendants or not.</p> + + <p>Is the gallant Sir Walter Raleigh Gilbert descended from one of Sir + Walter's half-brothers?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. S. Warden.</span></p> + + <p><i>Ancient Fortifications: Hertstone, Pale, Brecost.</i>—In the + Clause Rolls, 16 John, M. 6. (<i>Public Records</i>, vol. i. p. 192.) is + a warrant of King John's, addressed to the bailiffs of Peter de Maulay of + Doncaster, as follows:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Mandam' vob' qđ vill<span class="over">a</span> de + Danecast<span class="over">r</span> claudi faciatis herit<span + class="over">o</span>ne et palo scđm qđ fossat<span + class="over">u</span> f<span class="over">cm</span> exigit, et un<span + class="over">a</span> lev<span class="over">e</span> bretasc<span + class="over">a</span> f<span class="over">i</span> faciatis su<span + style="text-decoration:line-through">p</span> pont<span + class="over">e</span> ad vill<span class="over">a</span> defendend<span + class="over">a</span>."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Which, in Miller's History of that town (p. 40.), is thus + translated:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"We command ye, cause the town of Doncaster to be inclosed with + <i>hertstone</i> and <i>pale</i>, according as the ditch that is made + doth require; and that ye make a light <i>brecost</i> or barbican upon + the bridge, to defend the town."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>I shall be obliged by being informed if <i>hertstone</i> is the + correct translation of the word "herit<span class="over">o</span>ne," + and, if so, what species of fortification it was. <i>Pale</i> is probably + a defence composed of high wooden stakes. <i>Brecost</i> is questionable, + I imagine, and should most likely be spelt <i>bretesk</i> or + <i>bretex</i>. I shall be glad, however, of explanations of the + words.</p> + + <p class="author">C. J.</p> + + <p><i>Newton and Somers.</i>—It has been said that there is a + complimentary allusion to Somers in Newton's writings. Where?</p> + + <p class="author">M.</p> + + <p><i>Daventry, Duel at.</i>—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Veni Daintreo cum puella,</p> + <p>Procerum celebre duello."</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Thence to Daintree with my jewel,</p> + <p>Famous for a noble duel."—<i>Drunken Barnaby's Journal.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>Can any Northamptonshire reader of "N. & Q." say between whom, and + when, this duel took place?</p> + + <p class="author">J. H. L.</p> + + <p><i>Passage in Burial Service.</i>—Whence comes the expression in + the Burial Service, "In the midst of life we are in death." I have + observed that Mr. Palmer, in his <i>Origines Liturgicæ</i>, refers for a + parallel passage to ancient liturgies, but, if I mistake not, to none but + those used in England. The passage is very scriptural: but I do not + believe it exists in the Bible.</p> + + <p class="author">J. G. T.</p> + + <p>"<i>They shot him on the nine-stane rig.</i>"—Where is the + ballad beginning with the words—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"They shot him on the nine-stane rig,</p> + <p class="i1">Beside the headless cross."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>to be found? Who is the author?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Borderer.</span></p> + + <p><i>Wardhouse, and Fishermen's Custom there.</i>—In a MS. local + history, written in 1619, there is this <!-- Page 79 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page79"></a>{79}</span>passage: "They bought + herrings during the season, and then departed, <i>as those fishermen + which kill fish at Wardhouse do use to do at present</i>."</p> + + <p>Where was Wardhouse, and what was the custom there?</p> + + <p class="author">C. J. P.</p> + + <p class="address">Great Yarmouth.</p> + + <p>"<i>Adrian turn'd the bull.</i>"—In an old MS. in my possession, + the following verse occurs:—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Of whate'er else your head be full,</p> + <p>Remember Adrian turn'd the bull;</p> + <p class="hg1">'Tis time that you should turn the chase,</p> + <p>Kick out the knave and take the place."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>Would any of the correspondents of "N. & Q." be so good as to + explain to me the reference in the second line of the verse?</p> + + <p class="author">G. M.</p> + + <p><i>Cary's "Palæologia Chronica.</i>"—I have an old book + entitled:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Palæologia Chronica; a Chronological Account of Ancient Time. + Performed by Robert Cary, D.LL., Devon. London: printed by J. Darby, for + Richard Chiswell, at the Rose and Crown in St. Paul's Church Yard, + 1677."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>and shall be glad to be informed whether the author was any relation + of Dr. Valentine Carey, who was consecrated bishop of Exeter in 1620, and + died in 1626. (See Walton's <i>Life of Dr. Donne</i>.)</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Chris. Roberts.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Bradford, Yorkshire.</p> + + <p><i>The Southwark Pudding Wonder.</i>—I have been very much + pleased with the perusal of a collection of MS. letters, written by the + celebrated antiquary William Stukeley to Maurice Johnson, Esq., the + founder of the Gentlemen's Society at Spalding. These letters have not + been published; the MSS. exist in the library of the Spalding Society. + They contain much interesting matter, and furnish many traits of the + manners, character, and modes of thinking and acting of their respected + author.</p> + + <p>Can any of your readers explain the meaning of the following passage, + which is found in a letter dated 19th June, 1718: "<i>The Southwark + Pudding wonder is over?</i>"</p> + + <p>In the same letter the Dr. alludes to a contested election for the + office of Chamberlain of the City of London, which took place in + 1718:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"The city is all in an uproar about the election of a chamberlain, + like a country corporation for burgesses, where roast pig and beef and + wine are dealt about freely at taverns, and advertisements about it more + voluminous than the late celebrated Bangorean Notification, though not in + a calm and undisturbed way."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Pishey Thompson.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Stoke Newington.</p> + + <p><i>Roman Catholics confined in Fens of Ely.</i>—Mr. Dickens, in + <i>Household Words</i>, No. 169. p. 382., in the continuation of a + "Child's History of England," says, when alluding to the threatened + invasion of England by the Spanish Armada:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Some of the Queen's advisers were for seizing the principal English + Catholics, and putting them to death; but the queen—who, to her + honour, used to say that she would never believe any ill of her subjects, + which a parent would not believe of her own children—neglected the + advice, and only confined a few of those who were the most suspected + among them, in the fens of Lincolnshire."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Mr. Dickens had, of course, as he supposed, good authority for making + this statement; but, in reply to a private communication, he states it + should have been <i>Fens of Ely</i>. I am, perhaps convicting myself of + gross ignorance by seeking for information respecting it; nevertheless, I + venture to ask the readers of at "N. & Q." for a reference to the + authentic history, where a corroboration of Mr. Dickens' statement is to + be found?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Pishey Thompson.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Stoke Newington.</p> + + <p><i>White Bell Heather transplanted.</i>—Is it generally known + that <i>white bell</i> heather becomes <i>pink</i> on being transplanted + from its native hills into a garden? Two plants were shown to me a few + days ago, by a country neighbour, flowering pink, which were + transplanted, the one three, and the other two, years ago; the former had + white bells for two years, the latter for one year only. What I wish to + know is, Whether these are exceptional cases or not?</p> + + <p class="author">W. C.</p> + + <p class="address">Argyleshire.</p> + + <p><i>Green's "Secret Plot."</i>—Can you inform me where the scene + of the following drama is laid, and the names of the <i>dramatis + personæ</i>? <i>The Secret Plot</i>; a tragedy by Rupert Green, 12mo., + 1777. The author of this play, which was published when he was only in + his ninth year, was the son of Mr. Valentine Green, who wrote a history + of Worcester.</p> + + <p class="author">A. Z.</p> + + <p>"<i>The full Moon brings fine Weather.</i>"—When did this saying + originate, and have we any proof of its correctness? The late Duke of + Wellington is reported to have said, that, as regarded the weather, it + was "nonsense to have any faith in the moon." (Vide Larpent's <i>Private + Journal</i>, vol. ii. p. 283.)</p> + + <p class="author">W. W.</p> + + <p class="address">Malta.</p> + + <p><i>Nash the Artist.</i>—In the year 1802, Mr. F. Nash made a + water-colour drawing of the Town Hall, churches, &c., in the High + Street of the ancient borough of Dorchester; a line engraving (now rather + scarce) was shortly afterwards published therefrom by Mr. J. Frampton, + then a bookseller in the town. Can any reader of the <!-- Page 80 + --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page80"></a>{80}</span>"N. & Q." + inform me what Mr. Nash this was, and what became of him? Was he related + to the <i>Castles and Abbeys</i> Nash?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">John Garland.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Dorchester.</p> + + <p><i>Woodwork of St. Andrew's Priory Church, Barnwell.</i>—The + Cambridge Architectural Society, which is now attempting the restoration + of St. Andrew's Priory Church, Barnwell, will feel deeply indebted to any + of your readers who can give them any information respecting the carved + woodwork removed from that church some forty years ago, to make way for + the present hideous arrangement of pews and pulpit. A man who lives on + the spot speaks of a fine wood screen, and highly decorated pulpit, some + portions of which were sold by auction; and the rest was in his + possession for some time, and portions of it were given away by him to + all who applied for it.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">The Treasurer.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Trin. Coll. Camb.</p> + + <p>"<i>The Mitre and the Crown.</i>"—I find the following work, at + first published anonymously, reprinted as Dr. Atterbury's in Sir Walter + Scott's edition of the <i>Somers' Tracts</i>. No reason is assigned by + the editor for ascribing it to him, and I should be glad to know whether + there is any satisfactory evidence for doing so. The original tract + appears as anonymous the Bodleian Catalogue:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"The Mitre and the Crown, or a real Distinction between them: in a + Letter to a Reverend Member of the Convocation: Lond. 1711, 8vo."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span title="Halieus" class="grk">Ἁλιέυς</span>.</p> + + <p class="address">Dublin.</p> + + <p><i>Military Music.</i>—Was military music ever played at night + in the time of King Charles I.?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Militaris.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Belfast.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Minor Queries with Answers.</h2> + + <p><i>Stoven Church.</i>—Can you give me any information concerning + the <i>original</i> church of Stoven, Suffolk, which was of good Norman + work throughout, as lately ascertained by the vast number of Norman + mouldings found in the walls in restoring it?</p> + + <p class="author">L. (2)</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[In Jermyn's "Suffolk Collections," vol. vi. (Add. MSS. 8173.), in the + British Museum, are the following Notes of this church, taken 1st June, + 1808, by H. I. and D. E. D.: "The Church consists of a nave and chancel, + both under one roof, which is covered with thatch. The chancel is 30 ft. + 3 in. long, and 15 ft. 5 in. wide. The communion-table is neither raised + nor inclosed. The floor of the whole church is also of the same height. + The nave is 30 ft. long, and 16 ft. 1 in. wide. Between the chancel and + nave are the remains of a screen, and over it the arms of George II., + between two tables containing the Lord's Prayer, &c. In the N. E. + angle is the pulpit, which is of oak, hexagon, ordinary, as are also the + pews and seats. At the W. end stands the font, which is octagon, the + faces containing roses and lions, and two figures holding blank + escutcheons, the pedestal supported by four lions. The steeple is in the + usual place, small, square, of flints, but little higher than the roof. + In it is only one bell, inscribed 1759. The entrance into the church on + the N. side is through a circular Saxon arch, not much ornamented. On the + side is another of the same description, but more ornamented, with + zig-zag moulding, &c." Then follow the inscriptions, &c. in the + chancel, of Mrs. Elizabeth Brown, John Brown, Thomas Brown; in the nave, + of Henry Keable, with extracts from the parish register commencing in + 1653.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>The Statute of Kilkenny.</i>—Said to have been passed in + 1364. What was the nature of it?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Abredonensis.</span></p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[This statute legally abolished the ancient code of the Irish, called + the Brehon laws, and was passed in a parliament held at Kilkenny in the + 40th Edward III., under the government of Lionel, Duke of Clarence, Lord + Lieutenant of Ireland. By this act, the English are commanded in all + controversies to govern themselves by the common laws of England, so that + whoever submitted himself to the Brehon law, or the law of the Marches, + is declared a traitor. Among other things the statute enacted that "the + alliaunce of the English by marriage with any Irish, the nurture of + infantes, and gossipred with the Irish, be deemed high treason." And + again, "If anie man of English race use an Irish name, Irish apparell, or + any other guize or fashion of the Irish, his lands shall be seized, and + his bodie imprisoned, till he shall conform to English modes and + customs." This statute was followed by the 18th Henry VI. c. i. ii. iii., + and the 28th Hen. VI., c. i., with similar prohibitions and penalties. + These prohibitions, however, had little effect; nor were the English laws + universally submitted to throughout Ireland until the time of James I., + when the final extirpation of the ancient Brehon law was effected.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Kenne of Kenne.</i>—Can any of your Kentish correspondents + inform me to whom a certain Christ. Kenne of Kenne, in co. Somerset, sold + the manor of "Oakley," in the parish of Higham, near Rochester; and in + whose possession it was about the close of the reign of Queen Elizabeth + or commencement of James I.?</p> + + <p>The above Kenne, by marrying Elizabeth, the daughter of Sir Roger + Cholmeley, and widow of Sir Leonard Beckwith, of Selby, in co. York, + acquired possession of the same manor in co. Kent.</p> + + <p>After the death of his first wife, he married a Florence Stalling, who + survived him. He died in 1592.</p> + + <p class="author">F. T.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>["Christopher Kenne of Kenne, in the county of Somerset, Esq., was + possessed of the manor of Little Okeley, in Higham, Kent, in the right of + his wife, the daughter and co-heir of Sir Roger Cholmeley, anno <!-- Page + 81 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page81"></a>{81}</span>22 Eliz.; and + then, having levied a fine of it, sold it to Thompson, and he, in the + reign of Charles I., alienated it to Best."—<i>Hasted.</i></p> + + <p>Of course, the Christian name of Thompson, and other particulars if + required, can be obtained by a reference to the foot of the fine in the + Record Office, Carlton Ride.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Rents of Assize, &c.</i>—In the <i>Valor + Ecclesiasticus</i>, the following varieties of income derived from rent + of land constantly recur, viz.:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"De redditu (simply).</p> + <p>De redditu assisæ.</p> + <p>De redditu libero.</p> + <p>De redditu ad voluntatem."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>Can the distinction between these be exactly explained by any + corresponding annual payments for land according to present custom? And + will any of your readers be kind enough to give such explanation?</p> + + <p class="author">J.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[<i>Redditus.</i>—Rents from lands let out to tenants; modern + farm rents.</p> + + <p><i>Redditus Assisæ.</i>—Quit rents: fixed sums paid by the + tenants of a manor annually to the lord; as in modern times.</p> + + <p><i>Redditus Liberi.</i>—Those quit rents which were paid to the + lord by "liberi tenentes," freeholders; as distinguished from "villani + bassi tenentes," &c.</p> + + <p><i>Redditus ad voluntatem.</i>—Annual payments "ad voluntatem + donatium;" such as "confrana," &c. The modern Easter Offering perhaps + corresponds with them.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Edifices of Ancient and Modern Times.</i>—Can any of your + architectural or antiquarian readers inform me where a chronological list + of the principal edifices of ancient and modern times can be found?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Getsrn.</span></p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[Consult <i>Chronological Tables of Ancient and Modern History + Synchronistically and Ethnographically arranged</i>, fol., Oxford, 1835. + For those relating to Great Britain, see Britton's <i>Chronological and + Historical Illustrations</i>, and his <i>Architectural Antiquities of + Great Britain</i>.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Gorram.</i>—Please to direct me where I can find a short + account of Gorram, an ecclesiastical writer (I suppose) mentioned by + D'Aubigné, vol. v. p. 245.</p> + + <p class="author">L. (2)</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[The divine alluded to by D'Aubigné is no doubt Nicholas de Gorran, a + Dominican, confessor to Philip the Fair of France. He was an admired and + eloquent preacher, and his Sermons, together with a Commentary on the + Gospels, appeared at Paris, 1523 and 1539. He died in 1295.]</p> + +</div> + + <p>"<i>Rock of Ages.</i>"—Who is the author of the hymn beginning + "Rock of Ages?"</p> + + <p class="author">J. G. T.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[That celebrated advocate for <i>The Calvinism of the Church of + England</i>, the Rev. Augustus Montague Toplady.]</p> + +</div> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Replies.</h2> + +<h3>REMUNERATION OF AUTHORS.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., p. 591.)</p> + + <p>Responding to the challenge of your correspondent <span class="sc">Mr. + Andrews</span>, I copy the following from my common-place book:</p> + +<p class="cenhead"><i>From Lintot's memorandum-book of "Copies when +purchased."</i></p> + +<table class="nobctr" summary="Remuneration of Authors." title="Remuneration of Authors."> +<tr><td colspan="4" align="center" class="hspcsingle"> <i>Farquhar.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td align="right" class="nspcsingle" colspan="4"> £ <i>s.</i> <i>d.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1705. </td><td colspan="2" class="hspcsingle"> Recruiting Officer </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 16 2 6</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1706. </td><td colspan="2" class="hspcsingle"> Beaux Stratagem </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 30 0 0</td></tr> + +<tr><td colspan="4" align="center" class="hspcsingle"> <br /><i>Betterton.</i></td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1712. </td><td colspan="2" class="hspcsingle"> The Miller's Tale, with some characters + from Chaucer </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 5 7 6</td></tr> + +<tr><td colspan="4" align="center" class="hspcsingle"> <br /><i>Mr. Centlivre.</i></td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1703. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> May 14. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Love's Contrivance </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 10 0 0</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1709. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> May 14. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Busy Body </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 10 0 0</td></tr> + +<tr><td colspan="4" align="center" class="hspcsingle"> <br /><i>Mr. Cibber.</i></td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1701. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Nov. 8. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> A third of Love's Last Shift </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 3 4 6</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1705. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Nov. 5. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Perolla and Izadora </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 36 11 0</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1707. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Oct. 27. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Double Gallant </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 16 2 6</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Nov. 22. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Lady's Last Stake </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 32 5 0</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Feb. 26. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Venus and Adonis </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 5 7 6</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1708. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Oct. 9. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Comical Lover </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 10 15 0</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1712. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Mar. 16. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Cinna's Conspiracy </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 13 0 0</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1718. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Oct. 1. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> The Nonjuror </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 105 0 0</td></tr> + +<tr><td colspan="4" align="center" class="hspcsingle"> <br /><i>Mr. Gay.</i></td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1713. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> May 12. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Wife of Bath </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 25 0 0</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1714. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Nov. 11. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Letter to a Lady </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 5 7 6</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1715. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Feb. 14. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> The What-d'ye-call-it? </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 16 2 6</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Dec. 22. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Trivia </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 43 0 0</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Epistle to the Earl of Burlington </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 10 15 0</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1717. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> May 4. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Battle of the Frogs </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 16 2 6</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Jan. 8. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Three Hours after Marriage </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 43 2 6</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Revival of the Wife of Bath </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 75 0 0</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td colspan="2" class="hspcsingle"> The Mohocks, a farce 2<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td colspan="2" class="hspcsingle"> Sold the Mohocks to him again.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td colspan="2" class="hspcsingle"> </td><td align="right" class="topbotb"> 234 10 0</td></tr> + +<tr><td colspan="4" align="center" class="hspcsingle"> <br /><i>Captain Killegrew.</i></td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1718-19. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Feb. 14. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Chit Chat </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 84 0 0</td></tr> + +<tr><td colspan="4" align="center" class="hspcsingle"> <br /><i>Mr. Ozell.</i></td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1711. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Nov. 18. } </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Translating Homer's Iliad, books i. ii. iii.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1712. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Jan. 4. } </td><td class="hspcsingle"> </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 10 8 6</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1713. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> April 29. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Translating Molière </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 37 12 6</td></tr> + +<tr><td colspan="4" align="center" class="hspcsingle"> <br /><i>N. Rowe, Esq.</i></td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Dec. 12. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Jane Shore </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 50 15 0</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1715. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> April 27. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Jane Grey </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 73 5 0</td></tr> + +<tr><td colspan="4" align="center" class="hspcsingle"> <br /><i>Somerville.</i></td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1727. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> July 14. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> A Collection of Poems. </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 35 15 0</td></tr> + +<tr><td colspan="4" align="center" class="hspcsingle"> +<!-- Page 82 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page82"></a>{82}</span> +<br /><i>Pope.</i></td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1712. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Feb. 19. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Statius, 1st book, and Verstumnus and Pomona + </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 16 2 6</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Mar. 21. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> First edition of the Rape </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 7 0 0</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> April 9. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> To a lady presenting Voiture.<br /> + Upon Silence. To the author<br /> + of a poem called Successio </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 3 16 6</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1712-13. </td><td colspan="2" class="hspcsingle"> Windsor Forest (Feb. 23) </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 32 5 0</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1713. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> July 23. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Ode to St. Cecilia's Day </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 15 0 0</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1714. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Feb. 20. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Addition to the Rape </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 15 0 0</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Mar. 23. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Homer, vol. i. </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 215 0 0</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td class="hspcsingle"> 650 copies on royal paper </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 176 0 0</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1715. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Feb. 1. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Temple of Fame </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 32 5 0</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> April 21. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Key to the Lock </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 10 15 0</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1716. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Feb. 9. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Homer, vol. ii. </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 215 0 0</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> May 2. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> 650 royal paper </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 150 0 0</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> July 17. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Essay on Criticism </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 15 0 0</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1717. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Aug. 9. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Homer, vol. iii. </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 215 0 0</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1718. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Jan. 6. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> 650 royal paper </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 150 0 0</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Mar. 3. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Homer, vol. iv. </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 210 0 0</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td class="hspcsingle"> 650 royal paper </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 150 0 0</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Oct. 17. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Homer, vol. v. </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 210 0 0</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1719. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> April 6. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> 650 royal paper </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 150 0 0</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1720. </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> Feb. 26. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> Homer, vol. vi. </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 210 0 0</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> May 7. </td><td class="hspcsingle"> 650 royal paper </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 150 0 0</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> 1721. </td><td colspan="2" class="hspcsingle"> Parnell's Poems </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 15 0 0</td></tr> +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td colspan="2" class="hspcsingle"> Paid Mr. Pope for the subscription-money<br/> + due on the 2nd volume of his Homer,<br/> + and on his 5th volume, at the agreement<br/> + for the said 5th vol.—(I had Mr. Pope's <br/> + assignment for the royal paper that was<br/> + then left of his Homer) </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 840 0 0</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td colspan="2" class="hspcsingle"> Copy-money for the Odyssey, vols. i. ii. iii.,<br/> + and 750 of each volume printed on royal<br/> + paper, 4to. </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 615 0 0</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td colspan="2" class="hspcsingle"> Copy-money for the Odyssey, vols. iv. and<br/> + v., and 750 of each royal </td><td align="right" class="hspcsingle" valign="bottom"> 425 18 7½</td></tr> + +<tr><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top"> </td><td colspan="2" class="hspcsingle"> </td><td align="right" class="topbotb">£4244 8 7½</td></tr> + +</table> + +<p class="cenhead">From that storehouse of instruction and amusement, +Nichols's <i>Anecdotes</i>, vol. viii. pp. 293-304.</p> + + <p>I take this opportunity of forwarding to you a curious memorandum + which I found in rummaging the papers of a "note-maker" of the last + century. It appears to be a bill of fare for the entertainment of a + party, upon the "flitch of bacon" being decreed to a happy couple. It is + at Harrowgate, and not at Dunmow, which would lead us to believe that + this custom was not confined to one county. The feast itself is almost as + remarkable, as regards its component parts, as that produced by Mr. + Thackeray, in his delightful "Lectures," as characteristic of polite + feeding in Queen Anne's reign:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"<i>June 25.—Mr. and Mrs. Liddal's Dinner at Green Dragon, + Harrowgate, on taking Fflitch Bacon Oath.</i></p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i2"><i>Bill Fare.</i></p> + <p>Beans and bacon.</p> + <p>Cabbage, colliflower.</p> + <p>Three doz. chickens.</p> + <p>Two shoulders mutton, cowcumbers.</p> + <p>Two turbets.</p> + <p>Rump beef, &c. &c.</p> + <p>Goose and plumbpudding.</p> + <p>Quarter lamb, sallad.</p> + <p>Tarts, jellies, strawberries, cream.</p> + <p>Cherrys, syllabubs, and blomonge.</p> + <p>Leg lamb, spinnage.</p> + <p>Crawfish, pickled salmon.</p> + <p>Fryd tripe, calves' heads.</p> + <p>Gravy and Pease soup.</p> + <p>Two piggs.</p> + <p>Breast veal, ragoud.</p> + <p>Ice cream, pine apple.</p> + <p>Surloin beaf.</p> + <p>Pidgeons, green peas.</p> + <p>Lobsters, crabs.</p> + <p>Twelve red herrings, twenty-two dobils."</p> + </div> + </div> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author">W. R.</p> + + <p class="address">Stockwell.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>ON THE USE OF THE HOUR-GLASS IN PULPITS.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., p. 489.)</p> + + <p>Perhaps the following may be of service as a farther illustration of + this subject.</p> + + <p>Zacharie Boyd says, in <i>The Last Battell of the Sovle in Death</i>, + 1629, reprinted Glasgow, 1831, at p. 469.:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Now after his Battell ended hee hath surrendered the spirit, + <i>Clepsydra effluxit</i>, his <i>houre-glasse</i> is now runne out, and + his soule is come to its wished home, where it is free from the fetters + of flesh."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>This divine was minister of the barony parish of Glasgow, the church + for which was then in the crypt of the cathedral. I have no doubt the + hour-glass was there used from which he draws his simile. Your + correspondent refers to sermons an hour long, but, to judge from the + contents of "Mr. Zacharie's" MS. sermons still preserved in the library + of the College of Glasgow, each, at the rate of ordinary speaking, must + have occupied at least an hour and a half in delivery. When he had become + infirm and near his end, and had found it necessary to shorten his + sermons, his "kirk session" was offended, as—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Feb. 13, 1651. Some are to speak to Mr. Z. Boyd about the soon + skailing (dismissing) of the Baronie Kirk on Sunday afternoon."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Though sermons are now generally restricted from three quarters to an + hour's delivery, the practice of long preaching in the olden times in the + west of Scotland had much prevailed. Within my own recollection I have + heard sermons of nearly two hours' duration; and early among a few + classes of the first Dissenters, on "Sacramental Occasions" as they are + yet called, the services lasted altogether (not unfrequently) + continuously from ten o'clock on Sabbath forenoon, to three and <!-- Page + 83 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page83"></a>{83}</span>four o'clock + the following morning. A traditional anecdote is current of an old + Presbyterian clergyman, unusually full of matter, who, having preached + out his hour-glass, was accustomed to pause, and addressing the + precentor, "<i>Another glass and then</i>," recommenced his sermon.</p> + + <p>A pictorial representation of the hour-glass in a country church is to + be seen in front of the precentor's desk, or pulpit, in a very scarce + humorsome print, entitled "Presbyterian Penance," by the famous David + Allan. It also figures in the engraving of the painting by Wilkie, of + John Knox preaching before Mary Queen of Scots. About twenty years ago it + was either in the Cathedral of Stirling or the Armory of the Castle (the + ancient chapel), that I saw the hour-glass (about twelve inches high) + which had been connected with one or other of the pulpits, from both of + which John Knox is said to have preached. It is likely the hour-glass is + there "even unto this day" (unless abstracted by some relic hunter); and + if it could be depended on as an original appendage to the pulpits, would + prove that its use was coeval with the times of the Scottish Reformation. + I think its high antiquity as certain as the oaken pulpits + themselves.</p> + + <p>At an early period the general poverty of the country, and the + scarcity of clocks and watches, must have given rise to the adoption of + the hour sand-glass, a simple instrument, but yet elegant and impressive, + for the measurement of a brief portion of our fleeting span.</p> + + <p class="author">G. N.</p> + + <p class="address">Glasgow.</p> + + <p>On the 31st May, 1640, the churchwardens of great Staughton, co. + Huntingdonshire, "are, and stand charged with (among other church goods), + a pulpit standinge in the church, having a cover over the same, and an + houre-glasse adjoininge."</p> + + <p>Copy of a cutting from a magazine, name and date unknown:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Among Dr. Rawlinson's manuscripts in the Bodleian Library, No. 941 + contains collection of <i>Miscellaneous Discourses</i>, by Mr. Lewis of + Margate, in Kent, whence the following extract has been made:</p> + + <p>"'It appears that these hour-glasses were coeval with our Reformation. + In a fine frontispiece, prefixed to the Holy Bible of the bishops' + translation, printed in 4to. by John Day, 1569, Archbishop Parker is + represented in the pulpit with an hour-glass standing on his right hand; + ours, here, stood on the left without any frame. It was proper that some + time should be prescribed for the length of the sermon, and clocks and + watches were not then so common as they are now. This time of an hour + continued till the Revolution, as appears by Bishop Sanderson's, + Tillotson's, Stillingfleet's, Dr. Barrow's, and others' sermons, printed + during that time.'</p> + + <p>"The writer of this article was informed in 1811 by the Rev. Mr. + Burder, who had the curacy of St. Dunstan's, Fleet Street, that the large + silver hour-glass formerly used in that church, was melted down into two + staff heads for the parish beadles.</p> + + <p>"An hour-glass frame of iron, fixed in the wall by the side of the + pulpit, was remaining in 1797 in the church of North Moor, in + Oxfordshire."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Joseph Rix.</span></p> + + <p class="address">St. Neots, Huntingdonshire.</p> + + <p>In many of our old pulpits built during the seventeenth century, when + hour sermons were the rule, and thirty minutes the exception, the shelf + on which the glass used to stand may still be seen. If I recollect + rightly, that of Miles Coverdale was thus furnished, as stated in the + newspapers, at the time the church of Bartholomew was removed. Perhaps + this emblem was adopted on gravestones as significant of the character of + Death as a minister or preacher.</p> + + <p>The late Basil Montague, when delivering a course of lectures on + "Laughter" at the Islington Institution some few years since, kept time + by the aid of this antique instrument. If I remember aright, he turned + the glass and said, "<i>Another glass and then</i>," or some equivalent + expression.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">E. G. Ballard.</span></p> + + <p>There is an example at the church of St. Alban, Wood Street, + Cheapside. This church was rebuilt by Sir C. Wren, and finished 1685; + showing that the hour-glass was in use subsequent to the times alluded + to.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. D. Allcroft.</span></p> + + <p>I saw on 13th January last, an iron hour-glass stand affixed to a + pillar in the north aisle of Belton Church, in the Isle of Axholme.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Edward Peacock.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Bottesford Moors, Kirton-in-Lindsey.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>LADIES' ARMS BORNE IN A LOZENGE.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., p. 571.)</p> + + <p>The subject of the Query put by your correspondent is one that has + frequently occurred to me, but which is involved in obscurity. Heraldic + writers generally have contented themselves with the mere statement of + ladies' arms being thus borne; and where we do find an opinion hazarded, + it is more in the form of a quotation from a nameless author, or of a + timid suggestion, than an attempt to elucidate the question by argument + or from history.</p> + + <p>By some this form of shield is said to have descended to us from the + Amazons, who bore such: others say, from the form of their tombstones! + Now we find it to represent the ancient spindle so much used by ladies; + and again to be a shield found by the Romans unfit for use, and therefore + transferred to the weaker sex, who were "allowed to place their ensigns + upon it, with one corner always uppermost." <!-- Page 84 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page84"></a>{84}</span></p> + + <p>Here are quotations from a few of our writers on the science of + Heraldry:—</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Burke</span>, <i>Encyclop. Herald.</i> 1844. Queen + Victoria bears her arms on a full and complete shield; "for," says the + old rhyme—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Our sagest men of lore define</p> + <p>The kingly state as masculine,</p> + <p>Paiseant, martial bold and strong,</p> + <p>The stay of right, the scourge of wrong;</p> + <p>Hence those that England's sceptre wield,</p> + <p>Must buckle on broad sword and shield,</p> + <p>And o'er the land, and o'er the sea,</p> + <p>Maintain her sway triumphantly."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>This, unfortunately, is only one side of the question: and, though + satisfactorily accounting for the shape of the shield of royalty, does + not enlighten us on the "origin and meaning" of the lozenge.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Barrington</span>, <i>Display of Heraldry</i>, + 1844:—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"An unmarried daughter bears her father's arms on a lozenge-shaped + shield, without any addition or alteration."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p><span class="sc">Berry</span>, <i>Encycl. Herald.</i> 1830:—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"The arms of maidens and widows should be borne in shields of this + shape."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p><span class="sc">Robson</span>, <i>British Herald</i>, + 1830:—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Lozenge, a four-cornered figure, differing from the fusil, being + shorter and broader. Plutarch says that in Megara [read Megura], an + ancient town of Greece, <i>the tombstones under which the bodies of + Amazons lay</i> were of that form: some conjecture this to be the cause + why ladies have their arms on lozenges."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p><span class="sc">Porny</span>, <i>Elements of Heraldry</i>, 1795, + supposes—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"The lozenge may have been originally a <i>fusil</i>, or <i>fusée</i>, + as the French call it: it is a figure longer than the lozenge, and + <i>signifies a spindle</i>, which is a woman's instrument."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>This writer also quotes <i>Sylvester de Petra Sancta</i>, who would + have this shield to "<i>represent a cushion</i>, whereon women used to + sit and spin, or do other housewifery."</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Brydson</span>, <i>Summary View of Heraldry</i>, + 1795:—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"The shields on which armorial bearings are represented are of various + forms, as round, oval, or somewhat resembling a heart; which last is the + most common form. Excepting sovereigns, women unmarried, or widows, bear + their arms on a lozenge shield, which is of a square form, so placed as + to have one of its angles upwards, <i>and is supposed to resemble a + distoff</i>."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p><span class="sc">Boyes</span>, <i>Great Theatre of Honour</i>, 1754. + In this great work the various forms of shields, and the etymology of + their names, are treated on at considerable length. The Greeks had + five:—the <i>Aspis</i>, the <i>Gerron</i> or <i>Gerra</i>, the + <i>Thurios</i>, the <i>Laiveon</i>, and the <i>Pelte</i> or <i>Pelta</i>. + The Romans had the <i>Ancile</i>, the <i>Scutum</i>, the <i>Clypeus</i>, + the <i>Parma</i>, the <i>Cetra</i>, and others; but none of these + approached the shape of the lozenge. The shields of modern nations are + also dealt with at length; still the author appears to have had no + information nor an opinion upon the lozenge, which he dismisses with + these remarks:—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"L'écu des filles est <i>en lozenge</i>, de même de celui des veuves; + et en France et ailleurs, celles-ci l'ornent et l'entourent d'une + cordelière ou cordon à divers neuds. Quant aux femmes mariées, elles + accollent d'ordinaire leurs armes avec celles de leurs époux; mais + quelquefois elles les portent aussi <i>en lozenge</i>."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p><span class="sc">Coates</span>, <i>Dictionary of Heraldry</i>, 1725, + quotes Colombière, a French herald, who, he says, gives upwards of thirty + examples of differently formed shields; but no allusion is made to the + lozenge.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Carter</span>, <i>Honor Redivivus</i>, 1660.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Dugdale</span>, <i>Ancient Usage in bearing Arms</i>, + 1682.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Gwillim</span>, <i>Display of Heraldry</i>, 1638.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Camden</span>, <i>Remains</i>, 1637.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Gerard Legh</span>, <i>Accedence of Armorie</i>, + 1576.</p> + + <p>None of these authors have touched on the subject; which, considering + that at the least two of them are the greatest authorities, appears + somewhat strange.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Ferne</span>, <i>Blazon of Gentrie</i>, + 1586—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Thinks the lozenge is formed of the shield called <i>Tessera</i> or + <i>Tessela</i>, which the Romans, finding unfit for use, did allow to + women to place their ensigns upon, with one of its angles always + upmost."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Though unable at this moment to furnish examples in proof of my + opinion, I must say that it is contrary to the one expressed by your + correspondent <span class="sc">Ceyrep</span>, that "formerly all ladies + of rank" bore their arms upon a complete shield, or bore shields upon + their seals. The two instances cited by him are rather unfortunate, the + connexion of both ladies with royalty being sufficiently close to suggest + the possibility of their right to the "full and complete" shield.</p> + + <p>Margaret, Duchess (not Countess) of Norfolk, was sole heir of her + father, Thomas of Brotherton, fifth Earl of Norfolk, son of King Edward + I., and Marshal of England. She, "for the greatness of her birth, her + large revenues and wealth," was created Duchess of Norfolk for life; and + at the coronation of King Richard II. she exhibited her petition "to be + accepted to the office of High Marshal," which was, I believe, granted. + In such case, setting aside her royal descent, I apprehend that, by + virtue of her office, she would not bear her arms in a lozenge. She bore + the arms of England with only a label for difference.</p> + + <p>Margaret, Countess of Richmond, was herself royally descended, being + great-granddaughter of John of Gaunt, son of Edward III.; was + daughter-in-law of Henry V.'s widow, and mother of Henry VII. Being + descended from the antenuptial children of John of Gaunt's third wife, + who had been legitimatised by act of parliament for all purposes except + succession to the crown, <!-- Page 85 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page85"></a>{85}</span>Henry VII. would probably desire by every + means in his power to suppress anything suggestive of his unsubstantial + title to the crown. It might be by his particular desire that his mother + assumed the full regal shield, on which to emblazon arms differing but + slightly from those of her son, the king.</p> + + <p>It is not, however, my opinion that the form of shield under + consideration is anything like so ancient as some of the authors would + make it. I do not believe it comes to us either from the Amazons or the + Romans.</p> + + <p>My own opinion, in the absence of any from the great writers to guide + me, is, that we owe the use of this form of shield amongst ladies to + <i>hatchments</i> or <i>funeral achievements</i>. During the time of + mourning for persons of rank, their coats of arms are set up in churches + and over the principal entrances of their houses. On these occasions it + is well known their arms are always placed in a large black lozenge; a + form adopted as the most proper figure for admitting the coats of arms of + sixteen ancestors to be placed round it, four on each of the sides of the + square.</p> + + <p>It was not until the reign of Richard III. that the College of Arms + was regularly incorporated; and though the science of heraldry received + its highest polish during the splendid reigns of Edward III. and Henry + V., it had yet scarcely been subjected to those rules which since the + establishment of the College have controlled it. Mark Noble, in his + <i>History of the College of Arms</i>, says that the latter + reign—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"If it did not add to the wealth of the nation at large, gave rise to + a number of great families, enriched by the spoils of Azincourt, the + plunder of France, and the ransom of princes. The heraldic body was + peculiarly prized and protected by the king, who, however, was very + whimsical in the adoption of cognizances and devices."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>During the greater portion of the fourteenth century, and the early + part of the fifteenth, there was a rage for jousts, tilts, and + tournaments; and almost every English nobleman had his officers of arms; + dukes, marquesses, and earls were allowed a herald and pursuivant; the + lower nobility, and even knights, might retain one of the latter. To + these officers belonged the ordering of everything relating to the solemn + and magnificent funerals, which were so general in these centuries, and + which they presided over and marshalled.</p> + + <p>During the reign of Edward IV. the exact form of these obsequies was + prescribed. Not only were the noblemen's own heralds there, but the + king's also; and not in tabards bearing the sovereign's, but the + deceased's arms.</p> + + <p>So preposterously fond of funeral rites were monarchs and their + subjects, that the obsequies of princes were observed by such sovereigns + as were in alliance with them, and in the same state as if the royal + remains had been conveyed from one Christian kingdom to another. + Individuals had their obsequies kept in various places where they had + particular connexions.<a name="footnotetag3" + href="#footnote3"><sup>[3]</sup></a></p> + + <p>Is it too much then to presume that in the midst of all this pomp and + affectation of grief, the hatchment of the deceased nobleman would be + displayed as much, and continued as long, as possible by the widow? May + we not reasonably believe that these ladies would vie with each other in + these displays of the insignia of mourning, until, by usage, the + lozenge-shaped hatchment became the shield appropriated to the sex?</p> + + <p>These hypotheses are not without some foundation; but if any of your + correspondents will enunciate another theory, I shall be glad to give it + my support if it is found to be more reasonable than the foregoing.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Broctuna.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Bury, Lancashire.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <a name="footnote3"></a><b>Footnote 3:</b><a + href="#footnotetag3">(return)</a> + <p>Noble.</p> + +</div> +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE.</h3> + + <p><i>Multiplication of Photographs.</i>—In Vol. viii., p. 60. is a + letter from <span class="sc">Mr. John Stewart</span> of Pau suggesting + certain modes of operating in producing positive photographs, and which + suggestions are apparently offered as <i>novelties</i>, when, in fact, + they have been for some considerable time in practice by other + manipulators. Of course, I do not suppose that they are otherwise + regarded by <span class="sc">Mr. Stewart</span> than as novelties, who + cannot be acquainted with what is doing here; but it appears to me + desirable to discriminate between facts that are <i>absolutely</i>, and + those that are <i>relatively</i> new.</p> + + <p>Most of the transparent stereoscopic photographs sold in such numbers + by all our eminent opticians, <i>are actually produced</i> in the way + recommended by <span class="sc">Mr. Stewart</span>; and reduced copies of + photographs, &c., have been produced in almost every possible variety + by <span class="sc">Dr. Diamond</span>, and many others of our most + eminent photographers. Very early in the history of this science, the + idea was suggested by Mr. Fox Talbot himself, of taking views of a small + size, and enlarging them for multiplication; and, if I am rightly + informed, Mr. Ross was applied to to construct a lens specially for the + purpose. Some months back, as early at least as March or April in the + present year, Mr. F. H. Wenham actually printed on common chloride paper + a <i>life-size</i> positive from a small negative on collodion; and + immediately afterwards adopted the use of iodized paper for the same + purpose; and after he had exhibited the proofs, I myself repeated the + experiment. In fact, had there been time at the last meeting of the + Photographic Society, a paper on this very subject would have been read + by Mr. Wenham; but the <!-- Page 86 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page86"></a>{86}</span>business before the meeting was too + extensive to admit of it. My object is not, of course, to offer any + objection to the proposition, but simply to put in a claim of merit for + the idea originally due to Mr. Fox Talbot, and secondarily to Mr. Wenham, + who I believe was an earlier operator in this way than any one.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Geo. Shadbolt.</span></p> + + <p><i>Yellow Bottles for Photographic Chemicals.</i>—As light + transmitted through a yellow curtain, or yellow glass, does not affect + photographic operations, would it not be desirable to keep the nitrate of + silver and its solutions in yellow glass bottles, instead of covering the + plain white glass with black paper, as I see directed in some cases?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Ceridwen.</span></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Replies to Minor Queries.</h2> + + <p><i>Donnybrook Fair</i> (Vol. vii., p. 549.).—<span + class="sc">Abhba</span> will find his answer in D'Alton's <i>History of + the County of Dublin</i>, p. 804.:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"About the year 1174, Earl 'Strongbow' gave Donnybrock (Devonalbroc), + amongst other lands, to Walter de Riddlesford; and in 1204, King John + granted to the corporation of Dublin license for an <i>annual eight-day + fair here</i>, commencing on the day of the finding of the Holy Cross + (May 3rd), with similar stallages and tolls, as established in Waterford + and Limerick."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>This scene of an Irishman's glory has been daguerreotyped in lines + that may be left in your pages, as being probably quite as little known + to your readers as is the work above cited:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Instead of weapons, either band</p> + <p>Seized on such arms as came to hand.</p> + <p>And as famed Ovid paints th' adventures</p> + <p>Of wrangling Lapithæ and Centaurs,</p> + <p>Who at their feast, by Bacchus led,</p> + <p>Threw bottles at each others' head;</p> + <p>And these arms failing in their scuffles,</p> + <p>Attack'd with andirons, tonges, and shovels:</p> + <p>So clubs and billets, staves and stones,</p> + <p>Met fierce, encountering every sconce,</p> + <p>And cover'd o'er with knobs and pains,</p> + <p>Each void receptacle for brains."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p class="author">J. D.</p> + + <p><i>Abigail</i> (Vol. iv., p. 424.; Vol. v., pp. 38. 94. 450., Vol. + viii., p. 42.).—Not having my "N. & Q." at hand, I cannot say + what may have been already told on this subject, but I think I can answer + the Queries of your last correspondent, <span class="sc">H. T. + Ryley</span>. There can be, I think, no doubt that the familiar use of + the name Abigail, for the <i>genus</i> "lady's maid," is derived from one + whom I may call <i>Abigail the Great</i>; who, before she ascended King + David's bed and throne, introduced herself under the oft-reiterated + description of a "hand-maid." (See 1 Sam. xxv. 24, 25, 27, 28, 31.) I + have no <i>Concordance</i> at hand, but I suspect there is no passage in + Scripture where the word <i>hand-maid</i> is more prominent; and so the + idea became associated with the name <i>Abigail</i>. An <i>Abigail</i> + for a hand-maid is therefore merely analogous to a <i>Goliath</i> for a + giant; a <i>Job</i> for a patient man; a <i>Samson</i> for a strong one; + a <i>Jezebel</i> for a shrew, &c. I need hardly add, that <span + class="sc">H. T. Ryley's</span> conjecture, that this use of the term + <i>Abigail</i> had any relation to the Lady Masham, is, therefore, quite + supererogative—but I may go farther. The old Duchess of + Marlborough's <i>Apology</i>, which <i>first</i> told the world that Lady + Masham's Christian name was Abigail, and that she was a poor cousin of + her own, was not published till 1742, when all feeling about "Abigail + Hill and her brother Jack" was extinct. In fine, it will be found that + the use of the term <i>Abigail</i> for a lady's maid was much more + frequent <i>before</i> the change of Queen Anne's Whig ministry than + <i>after</i>.</p> + + <p class="author">C.</p> + + <p><i>Honorary Degrees</i> (Vol. viii, p. 8.).—Honorary degrees + give no corporate rights. Johnson never himself assumed the title of + Doctor; conferred on him first by the University of Dublin in 1765, and + afterwards in 1775 by that of Oxford. See Croker's <i>Boswell</i>, p. + 168. n. 5., for the probable motives of Johnson's never having called + himself Doctor.</p> + + <p class="author">C.</p> + + <p><i>Red Hair</i> (Vol. vii., p. 616.).—The Danes are said to have + been (and to be even now) a red-haired race.</p> + + <p>They were long the scourge of England, and to this possibly may be + attributed in some degree the prejudice against people having hair of + that colour.</p> + + <p>In Denmark, it is said, red-hair is esteemed a beauty.</p> + + <p>That red-haired people are fiery and passionate is undoubtedly true; + at least I vouch for it as far as my experience goes; but that they emit + a disagreeable odour when inattentive to personal cleanliness, is + probably a vulgar prejudice arising from the colour of their hair, + resembling that of the fox—<i>unde</i> the term "foxy."</p> + + <p class="author">A. C. M.</p> + + <p class="address">Exeter.</p> + + <p><i>Historical Engraving</i> (Vol. vii., p. 619).—I am glad I + happen to be able to inform <span class="sc">E. S. Taylor</span> that his + engraving, about the restoration of Charles II., is to be found in a book + entitled—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Verhael in forme van Journal, van de Reys ende 't Vertoeven van den + seer Doorluchtige ende Machtige Prins Carel de II." &c. "In 's + Graven-hage, by Adrian Vlack, <span class="scac">M.DC.LX.</span>" + &c.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Folio. The names at the corner of the engraving are apparently "F. T. + vliet, jn. P. Phillipe, sculp."</p> + + <p class="author">J. M. G.</p> + + <p><i>Proverbs quoted by Suetonius</i> (Vol. vii., p. 594).—A full + explanation of the proverb <span title="speude bradeôs" class="grk" + >σπεῦδε + βραδέως</span> <!-- Page 87 + --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page87"></a>{87}</span>will be found in + the <i>Adagia</i> of Erasmus, under the head "Festina lente," p. 588., + edit. 1599. That it was a favourite proverb of the Emperor Augustus is + also stated by Gellius, <i>Noct. Att.</i> x. 11., and Macrob., Saturn. + vi. 8. The verse,—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"<span title="asphalês gar est' ameinôn ê thrasus stratêlatês" class="grk">ἀσφαλὴς γάρ ἐστ' ἀμείνων ἢ θρασὺς στρατηλάτης</span>,"</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>is from the <i>Phœnissæ</i> of Euripides, v. 599.</p> + + <p class="author">L.</p> + + <p>"<i>Sat cito, si sat bene</i>" (Vol. v., p. 594; Vol. viii., p. + 18.).—Your correspondent C. thinks that F. W. J. is mistaken in + calling it a favourite maxim of Lord Eldon. Few persons are more apt to + make mistakes than F. W. J. He therefore sends the following extract from + Twiss's <i>Life of Lord C. Eldon</i>, vol. i. p. 49. They are Lord + Eldon's own words, after having narrated the anecdote to which C. + refers:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"In short, in all that I have had to do in future life, professional + and judicial, I have always felt the effect of this early admonition on + the pannels of the vehicle which conveyed me from school, 'Sat cito, si + sat bene.' It was the impression of this which made me that deliberative + judge—as some have said, too deliberative; and reflection on all + that is past will not authorise me to deny, that whilst I have been + thinking 'Sat cito, si sat bene,' I may not sufficiently have recollected + whether 'Sat bene, si sat cito' has had its influence."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The anecdote, and this observation upon it, are taken by Twiss from a + book of anecdotes in Lord Eldon's own handwriting.</p> + + <p class="author">F. W. J.</p> + + <p><i>Council of Laodicea, Canon 35.</i> (Vol. viii., p. 7.).—<span + class="sc">Clericus</span> (D.) will find <i>Angelos</i> in the text, + without <i>Angulos</i> in the margin, in any volume which contains the + version by Dionysius Exiguus, or that by Gentianus Hervetus; the former + printed Mogunt. 1525; Paris, 1609, 1661, and 1687: the latter, Paris, + 1561 and 1618; and sufficiently supplied by Beverege and Howell. Both + translations are given by Crabbe, Surius, Binius, and others.</p> + + <p>The corrupt reading <i>Angulos</i>, derived from Isidorus Mercator, + appears in the text, and without a marginal correction, in James Merlin's + edition of the <i>Councils</i>, Colon. 1530; in Carranza's <i>Summa</i>, + Salmant. 1551, Lugd. 1601, Lovan. 1668 (in which last impression, the + twelfth, the true heading of the Canon, according to Dionysius and + Crisconius, viz. "De his qui <i>Angelos</i> colunt," is restored); and in + the <i>Sanctiones Ecclesiasticæ</i> of Joverius, Paris, 1555.</p> + + <p>For <i>Angelos</i> in the text, with a courageous "fortè legendum" + <i>Angulos</i> in the margin, in Pope Adrian's <i>Epitome Canonum</i>, we + are deeply indebted to Canisius (<i>Thesaur. Monum.</i>, ii. 271. ed. + Basnage); and this is the method adopted by Longus à Coriolano and + Bail.</p> + + <p class="author">R. G.</p> + + <p><i>Anna Lightfoot</i> (Vol. vii., p. 595.).—I have heard my + mother speak of Anna Lightfoot: her family belonged to the religious + community called Friends or Quakers. My mother was born 1751, and died in + the year 1836. The aunt of Anna Eleanor Lightfoot was next-door-neighbour + to my grandfather, who lived in Sir Wm. Warren's Square, Wapping. The + family were from Yorkshire, and the father of Anna was a shoemaker, and + kept a shop near Execution Dock, in the same district. He had a brother + who was a linendraper, living in the neighbourhood of St. James's, at the + west end of the town; and Anna was frequently his visitor, and here it + was that she became acquainted with the great man of the day. She was + missing, and advertised for by her friends; and, after some time had + elapsed, they obtained some information as to her retreat, stating that + she was well provided for; and her condition became known to them. She + had a son who was a corn-merchant, but, from some circumstance, became + deranged in his intellects, and it is said committed suicide. But whether + she had a daughter, I never heard. A retreat was provided for Anna in one + of those large houses surrounded with a high wall and garden, in the + district of Cat-and-Mutton Fields, on the east side of Hackney Road, + leading from Mile End Road; where she lived, and it is said died, but in + what year I cannot say. All this I have heard my mother tell when I was a + young lad; furthermore your deponent knoweth not.</p> + + <p class="author">J. M. C.</p> + + <p><i>Jack and Gill</i> (Vol. vii., p. 572.).—A somewhat earlier + instance of the occurrence of the expression "Jack and Gill" is to be + found (with a slight difference) in John Heywood's <i>Dialogue of Wit and + Folly</i>, page 11. of the Percy Society's reprint:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"No more hathe he in mynde, ether payne or care,</p> + <p>Than hathe other Cock my hors, or Gyll my mare!"</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>This is probably not more than twenty years earlier than your + correspondent's quotation from Tusser.</p> + + <p class="author">H. C. K.</p> + + <p><i>Simile of the Soul and the Magnetic Needle</i> (Vol. vi. + <i>passim</i>; Vol. vii., p. 508.).—Southey, in his <i>Omniana</i> + (vol. i. p. 210.), cites a passage from the <i>Partidas</i>, in which the + magnetic needle is used in illustration. It is as follows:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"E bien assí como los marineros se guian en la noche escura por el + aguja, que les es medianera entre la piedra é la estrella, é les muestra + por de vayan, tambien en los malos tiempos, como en los buenos; otrosí + los que han de consejar al Rey, se deven siempre guiar por la justicia; + que es medianera entre Dios é el mundo, en todo tiempo, para dar + guardalon á los buenos, é pena á los malos, á cada uno segund su + merescimiento."—2 <i>Partida</i>, tit. ix. ley 28.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>This passage is especially worthy of attention, as having been written + half a century before the supposed invention of the mariner's compass by + Flavius Gioias at Amalfi; and, as Southey <!-- Page 88 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page88"></a>{88}</span>remarks, "it must have + been well known and in general use before it would thus be referred to as + a familiar illustration."</p> + + <p>I do not think that any of your correspondents have quoted the halting + lines with which Byron mars the pathos of the Rousseau-like letter of + Donna Julia (<i>Don Juan</i>, canto <span class="scac">I.</span> stanza + cxcvi.):</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"My heart is feminine, nor can forget—</p> + <p>To all, except one image, madly blind;</p> + <p>So shakes the needle, and so stands the pole,</p> + <p>As vibrates my fond heart to my fix'd soul."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">William Bates</span>.</p> + + <p class="address">Birmingham.</p> + + <p><i>Gibbon's Library</i> (Vol. vii., pp. 407. 455. 535.).—The + following quotation from Cyrus Redding's "Recollections of the Author of + Vathek" (<i>New Monthly Magazine</i>, vol. lxxi. p. 308.) may interest + J. H. M. and your other correspondents under this head:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"'I bought it (says Beckford) to have something to read when I passed + through Lausanne. I have not been there since. I shut myself up for six + weeks, from early in the morning until night, only now and then taking a + ride. The people thought me mad. I read myself nearly blind.'</p> + + <p>"I inquired if the books were rare or curious. He replied in the + negative. There were excellent editions of the principal historical + writers, and an extensive collection of travels. The most valuable work + was an edition of <i>Eustathius</i>; there was also a MS. or two. All the + books were in excellent condition; in number, considerably above six + thousand, near seven perhaps. He should have read himself mad if there + had been novelty enough, and he had stayed much longer.</p> + + <p>"'I broke away, and dashed among the mountains. There is excellent + reading there, too, equally to my taste. Did you ever travel alone among + mountains?'</p> + + <p>"I replied that I had, and been fully sensible of their mighty + impressions. 'Do you retain Gibbon's library?'</p> + + <p>"'It is now dispersed, I believe. I made it a present to my excellent + physician, Dr. Schall or Scholl (I am not certain of the name). I never + saw it after turning hermit there.'"</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">William Bates</span>.</p> + + <p class="address">Birmingham.</p> + + <p><i>St. Paul's Epistles to Seneca</i> (Vol. vii., pp. 500. + 583.).—The affirmation so frequently made and alluded to by + J. M. S. of Hull, that Seneca became, in the last year of his life, a + convert to Christianity, is an old tradition, which has just been revived + by a French author, M. Amédée Fleury, and is discussed and attempted to + be established by him at great length in two octavo volumes. I have not + read the book, but a learned reviewer of it, M. S. De Sacy, shows, with + the greatest appearance of reason and authority, that the tradition, + instead of being strengthened, is weakened by all that M. Fleury has said + about it. M. De Sacy's review is contained in the <i>Journal des + Débats</i> of June 30, in which excellent paper he is a frequent and + delightful writer on literary subjects. In the hope that it may interest + and gratify J. M. S. to be informed of M. Fleury's new work, I send this + scrap of information to the "N. & Q."</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">John Macray</span>.</p> + + <p class="address">Oxford.</p> + + <p><i>"Hip, Hip, Hurrah!"</i> (Vol. vii., pp. 595. 633).—The reply + suggested by your correspondent R. S. F., that the above exclamation + originated in the Crusades, and is a corruption of the initial letters of + "Hierosolyma est perdita," never appeared to me to be very apposite.</p> + + <p>In <i>A Collection of National English Ballads</i>, edited and + published by W. Chapple, 1838, in a description of the song "Old Simon, + the King," the favourite of Squire Western in <i>Tom Jones</i>, the + following lines are quoted:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"'Hang up all the poor hep drinkers,'</p> + <p>Cries old Sim, the king of skinkers."<a name="footnotetag4" href="#footnote4"><sup>[4]</sup></a></p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>A note to the above states, in reference to the word "hep," that it + was a term of derision, applied to those who drank a weak infusion of the + "hep" (hip) berry, or sloe. "Hence," says the writer, "the exclamation of + 'Hip, hip, hurrah,' corrupted from 'Hip, hip, away.'" The couplet quoted + above was written up in the Apollo Room at the Devil Tavern, Temple Bar, + where Ben Jonson's club, the "Apollo Club," used to meet. Many a drinker + of modern Port has equally good reason to exclaim with his brethren of + old, "Hip, hip, away!"</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. Brent</span>.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <a name="footnote4"></a><b>Footnote 4:</b><a + href="#footnotetag4">(return)</a> + <p>A <i>skinker</i> is one who serves drink.</p> + +</div> + <p><i>Emblemata</i> (Vol. vii., p. 614.).—I have a small edition of + the <i>Emblemata Horatiana</i>, with the following title-page:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Othonis VænI Emblemata Horatiana Imaginibus in <i>æs</i> incisis + atque Latino, Germanico, Gallico et Belgico carmine Illustrata: + Amstelædami, apud Henricum Wetstenium, <span class="scac">M. DC. + LXXXIV.</span>"</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The engravings, of which there are 103, measure about four inches by + three; the book contains 207 pages, exclusive of the index. "Amicitiæ + Trutina," mentioned by <span class="sc">Mr. Weld Taylor</span>, is the + sixty-sixth plate on page 133.</p> + + <p>There is another volume of Emblems by Otho Venius, of which I have a + copy:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Amorum Emblemata Figuris Æneis Incisa, studio Othonis VænI: Batavo + Lugdunensis Antverpiæe Venalia apud Auctorem prostant apud Hieronymum + Verdussen, <span class="scac">MDCIIX</span>."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The engravings, of which (besides an allegorical frontispiece + representing the power of Venus) there are 124, are oval, measuring five + inches in length by three and a half inches in height. The designs appear + to me to be very good. On the <!-- Page 89 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page89"></a>{89}</span>first plate is the name of the engraver, "C. + Boel fecit." Each engraving has a motto, with verses in Latin, Italian, + and French. Recommendatory verses, by Hugo Grotius, Daniel Heinsius, Max. + Vrientius, Ph. Rubentius, and Petro Benedetti, are prefixed. It appears + from Rose's <i>Biographical Dictionary</i> (article "Van Veen"), that + Venius published another illustrated work, <i>The Seven Twin Sons of + Lara</i>. Is this work known?</p> + + <p>Horace Walpole did not appreciate Venius. He says:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"The perplexed and silly emblems of Venius are well + known."—<i>Anecdotes of Painting</i>, vol. ii. p. 167.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The Emblems of Gabriele Rollenhagius (of which I have also a copy) + consist of two centuries. The engravings are circular, with a motto round + each, and Latin verses at foot. My edition was published at Utrecht, + <span class="scac">MDCXIII</span>.</p> + + <p>I write rather in the hope of eliciting information, than of + attempting to give any, on a subject which appears to me to deserve + farther inquiry.</p> + + <p class="author">Q. D.</p> + + <p><i>Campvere, Privileges of</i> (Vol. vii., pp. 262. 440.).—Will + your contributors J. D. S. and J. L. oblige me with references to the + works in which these privileges are mentioned?</p> + + <p>They will find them noticed also at pages 67. and 68. of the second + volume of L. Guicciardini's <i>Belgium</i> (ed. 1646): "<i>Jus Gruis + liberæ.</i>" This is mentioned as one of the privileges of Campvere. Can + any of your legal friends tell me what this is, and where I may find it + treated of?</p> + + <p class="author">E.</p> + + <p><i>Slang Expressions: "Just the Cheese"</i> (Vol. vii., p. + 617.).—This phrase is only some ten or twelve years old. Its origin + was this:—Some desperate witty fellows, by way of giving a comic + turn to the phrase "C'est une autre chose," used to translate it, "That + is another cheese;" and after awhile these words became "household + words," and when anything positive or specific was intended to be pointed + out, "That's the cheese" became adopted, which is nearly synonymous with + "Just the cheese."</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Astolpho.</span></p> + + <p><i>The Honorable Miss E. St. Leger</i> (Vol. vii., p. + 598.).—Perhaps your correspondent <span class="sc">Mr. Breen</span> + may like to be informed that the late General the Honorable Arthur St. + Leger related to me the account of his relative having been made a master + mason, and that she had secreted herself in an old clock-case in + Doneraile House, on purpose to learn the secrets of the lodge, but was + discovered from having coughed. The Rev. Richard Arthur St. Leger, of + Starcross, Devon, has an engraving of the lady, who is represented + arrayed in all the costume of a master mason, with the apron, ring, and + jewel of the order.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. Collyns.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Harbow.</p> + + <p><i>Queries from the Navorscher</i> (Vol. vii., p. 595.)—"The + Choice of Hercules," in the <i>Tatler</i>, was written by Addison; Swift + did not contribute more than one article to that publication, a treatise + on "Improprieties of Language." The allegory of "Religion being the + Foundation of Contentment" in the <i>Adventurer</i>, was the work of + Hawkesworth, to whose pen most of those papers are attributable.</p> + + <p>"<i>Amentium haud amantium.</i>"—The alliteration of this + passage in the <i>Andria</i> of Terence is somewhat difficult to preserve + in English; perhaps to render it</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"An act of <i>frenzy</i> rather than <i>friendship</i>,"</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>would keep up the pun, though a weak translation, bringing to mind the + words of the song:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"O call it by some other name,</p> + <p>For <i>friendship</i> is too cold."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>In French the expression might be turned "follement plutôt que + folâtrement," although this is a fault on the other side, and a stronger + word than the original.</p> + + <p class="author">T. O. M.</p> + + <p>"<i>Pity is akin to love</i>" (Vol. i., p. 248.).—Though a long + time has elapsed since the birthplace of these words was queried, no + answer has, I think, appeared in your columns. Will you then allow me to + refer H. to Southern's <i>Oroonoko</i>, Act II. Sc. 1.?</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"<i>Blandford.</i> Alas! I pity you.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><i>Oroonoko.</i> Do pity me;</p> + <p><i>Pity's akin to love</i>, and every thought</p> + <p>Of that soft kind is welcome to my soul.</p> + <p>I would be pity'd here."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p class="author">W. T. M.</p> + + <p class="address">Hong Kong.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Miscellaneous.</h2> + +<h3>NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.</h3> + + <p>Our library table is covered at this time with books for all classes + of readers. The theological student will peruse with no ordinary interest + the learned <i>Dissertation on the Origin and Connexion of the Gospels, + with a Synopsis of the Parallel Passages in the Original and Authorised + Version, and Critical Notes</i>, by James Smith, Esq., of Jordan Hill: + and when he has mastered the arguments contained in it, he may turn to + the new number of <i>The Journal of Sacred Literature</i>, in which will + be found a great variety of able papers. Our antiquarian friends will be + gratified with a volume compiled in a great measure from original family + papers, by its author Mr. Bankes, the Member for Dorsetshire; and which + narrates <i>The Story of Corfe Castle, and of many who have lived there, + collected from Ancient Chronicles and Records; also from the Private + Memoirs of a Family resident there in the Time of the Civil Wars</i>. The + volume, which is with good feeling inscribed by the author to his friends + and neighbours, Members of the Society for Mutual Improvement in the + borough of Corfe Castle, contains many interesting <!-- Page 90 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page90"></a>{90}</span>notices of his ancestors, + the well-known judge, Sir John Bankes and his lady—so memorable for + her gallant defence of Corfe Castle—drawn from the family papers. + <i>The Royal Descent of Nelson and Wellington from Edward I., King of + England, with Tables of Pedigree and Genealogical Memoirs</i>, compiled + by G. R. French, is a handsomely printed volume, which will please the + genealogist; while the historical student will be more interested in + <i>The Flowers of History, especially such as relate to the Affairs of + Britain from the Beginning of the World to the Year 1307, collected by + Matthew of Westminster, translated by C. D. Yonge</i>, Vol. I., a new + volume of Bohn's <i>Antiquarian Library</i>, and an important addition to + his series of translations of our early national chronicles. The + classical student is indebted to the same publisher for the second volume + of Mr. Owen's <i>Translation of the Organon, or Logical Treatises of + Aristotle</i>: nor will he regard as the least important addition to his + library, the new Part (No. VII.) of Smith's <i>Dictionary of Greek and + Roman Geography</i>, which extends from <i>Cyrrhus</i> to <i>Etruria</i>, + and is distinguished by the same excellences as the preceding Parts. We + must conclude these Notes with a brief reference to a handsome reprint of + the great work of De Quincy, the appearance of which in the <i>London + Magazine</i> some thirty years since created so great a sensation, we + mean of course his <i>Confessions of an English Opium-eater</i>.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h3>BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE.</h3> + + <p><span class="sc">Literary Gazette</span>, 1834 to 1845.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Athenæum</span>, Commencement to 1835.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">A Narrative of the Holy Life and Happy Death of Mr. + John Angier</span>. London 1685.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Moore's Melodies</span>. 15th Edition.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Wood's Athenæ Oxonienses</span> (ed. Bliss). 4 vols. + 4to. 1813-20.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">The Complaynts of Scotland</span>. 8vo. Edited by + Leyden. 1804.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Shakspeare's Plays</span>. Vol. V. of Johnson and + Steevens's edition, in 15 vols. 8vo. 1739.</p> + + <p>*** <i>Correspondents sending Lists of Books Wanted are requested to + send their names.</i></p> + + <p>*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, <i>carriage + free</i>, to be sent to <span class="sc">Mr. Bell</span>, Publisher of + "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Notices to Correspondents.</h2> + + <p><span class="sc">Cecil Harbottle</span> <i>in our next.</i></p> + + <p><span class="sc">W. Merry</span> <i>and</i> <span class="scac">M. E. + C.</span> <i>Our Correspondents are right. The oversight in question is + certainly open to their censure.</i></p> + + <p><i>Answers to other Correspondents next week.</i></p> + + <p><i>A few complete sets of</i> "<span class="sc">Notes and + Queries</span>," Vols. i. <i>to</i> vii., <i>price Three Guineas and a + Half, may now be had; for which early application is desirable.</i></p> + + <p>"<span class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>" <i>is published at noon on + Friday, so that the Country booksellers may receive Copies in that nights + parcels, and deliver them to their Subscribers on the Saturday.</i></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">Now ready, Price 25<i>s.</i>, Second Edition, revised +and corrected. Dedicated by Special Permission +to</p> + +<p class="cenhead">THE (LATE) ARCHBISHOP OF +CANTERBURY.</p> + + <p>PSALMS AND HYMNS FOR THE SERVICE OF THE CHURCH. The words selected by + the Very Rev. H. H. MILMAN, D.D., Dean of St. Paul's. The Music arranged + for Four Voices, but applicable also to Two or One, including Chants for + the Services. Responses to the Commandments and a Concise <span + class="sc">System of Chanting</span>, by J. B. SALE, Musical Instructor + and Organist to Her Majesty. 4to., neat, in morocco cloth, price 25s. To + be had of Mr. J. B. SALE, 21. Holywell Street, Millbank, Westminster, on + the receipt of a Post-office Order for that amount: and, by order, of the + principal Booksellers and Music Warehouses.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"A great advance on the works we have hitherto had, connected with our + Church and Cathedral Service."—<i>Times.</i></p> + + <p>"A collection of Psalm Tunes certainly unequalled in this + country."—<i>Literary Gazette.</i></p> + + <p>"One of the best collections of tunes which we have yet seen. Well + merits the distinguished patronage under which it + appears"—<i>Musical World.</i></p> + + <p>"A collection of Psalms and Hymns, together with a system of Chanting + of a very superior character to any which has hitherto + appeared."—<i>John Bull.</i></p> + +</blockquote> + +<p class="cenhead">London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Also, lately published,</p> + + <p>J. B. SALE'S SANCTUS, COMMANDMENTS and CHANTS as performed at the + Chapel Royal St. James, price 2<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">C. LONSDALE. 26. Old Bond Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>PHOTOGRAPHY.—HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining + Instantaneous Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, + according to light.</p> + + <p>Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the + choicest Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their + Establishment.</p> + + <p>Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c., &c., used + in this beautiful Art.—123. and 121. Newgate Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>PHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURES.—A Selection of the above beautiful + Productions (comprising Views in VENICE, PARIS, RUSSIA, NUBIA, &c.) + may be seen at BLAND & LONG'S, 153. Fleet Street, where may also be + procured Apparatus of every Description, and pure Chemicals for the + practice of Photography in all its Branches.</p> + + <p>Calotype, Daguerreotype, and Glass Pictures for the Stereoscope.</p> + + <p>*** Catalogues may be had on application.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">BLAND & LONG, Opticians, Philosophical +and Photographical Instrument Makers, and +Operative Chemists, 163. Fleet Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS.</p> + + <p>OTTEWILL'S REGISTERED DOUBLE-BODIED FOLDING CAMERA, is superior to + every other form of Camera, for the Photographic Tourist, from its + capability of Elongation or Contraction to any Focal Adjustment, its + extreme Portability and its adaptation for taking either Views or + Portraits.</p> + + <p>Every Description of Camera, or Slides, Tripod Stands, Printing + Frames, &c., may be obtained at his MANUFACTORY, Charlotte Terrace, + Barnsbury Road, Islington.</p> + + <p>New Inventions, Models, &c., made to order or from Drawings.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>BROMIZED COLLODION.—J. B. HOCKIN & CO. Chemists, 289. + Strand, are ready to supply the above Photographic Agent: Vide + <i>Photographic Journal</i>, June 21st. Their Iodized Collodion is highly + sensitive, and retains all its qualities unimpaired for three months. The + Sensitive Solution can be had separate. Pure Chemicals, Apparatus, and + all the requisites for the practice of Photography, and Instruction in + all its Branches.</p> + + <p>A very superior Positive Paper.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>LA LUMIERE; French Photographic Journal. The only Journal which gives + weekly all the principal Photographic News of England and the Continent; + with Original Articles and Communications on the different Processes and + Discoveries, Reports of the French Academy of Sciences, Articles on Art, + Reviews, &c.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Published at PARIS every SATURDAY.</p> + + <p>Terms, 16<i>s.</i> per annum in advance. All English Subscriptions and + Communications to be addressed to the English Editor, 6. Henman Terrace, + Camden Town, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">The Twenty-eighth Edition.</p> + + <p>NEUROTONICS, or the Art of Strengthening the Nerves, containing + Remarks on the influence of the Nerves upon the Health of Body and Mind, + and the means of Cure for Nervousness, Debility, Melancholy, and all + Chronic Diseases, by DR. NAPIER, M.D. London: HOULSTON & STONEMAN. + Price 4<i>d.</i>, or Post Free from the Author for Five Penny Stamps.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"We can conscientiously recommend 'Neurotonics,' by Dr. Napier, to the + careful perusal of our invalid readers."—<i>John Bull Newspaper, + June 5, 1852.</i></p> + +</blockquote> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">Just published, price 1<i>s.</i>, free by Post 1<i>s.</i> 4<i>d.</i>,</p> + + <p>THE WAXED-PAPER PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESS of GUSTAVE LE GRAY'S NEW EDITION. + Translated from the French.</p> + + <p>Sole Agents in the United Kingdom for VOIGHTLANDER & SON'S + celebrated Lenses for Portraits and Views.</p> + + <p>General Depôt for Turner's, Whatman's, Canson Frères, La Croix, and + other Talbotype Papers.</p> + + <p>Pure Photographic Chemicals.</p> + + <p>Instructions and Specimens in every Branch of the Art.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">GEORGE KNIGHT & SONS, Foster Lane, +London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p><!-- Page 91 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page91"></a>{91}</span></p> + +<h3>WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE +AND ANNUITY SOCIETY.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Founded A.D. 1842.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<p class="cenhead"><i>Directors.</i></p> + + +<table class="nobctr" summary="directors" title="directors"> + <tr> + <td class="rightbsing" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> + <p>H. E. Bicknell, Esq.<br /> + T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq., M.P.<br /> + G. H. Drew, Esq.<br /> + W. Evans, Esq.<br /> + W. Freeman, Esq.<br /> + F. Fuller, Esq.<br /> + J. H. Goodhart, Esq.</p> + + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> + <p>T. Grissell, Esq.<br /> + J. Hunt, Esq.<br /> + J. A. Lethbridge, Esq.<br /> + E. Lucas, Esq.<br /> + J. Lys Seager, Esq.<br /> + J. B. White, Esq.<br /> + J. Carter Wood, Esq.</p> + + </td> + </tr> +</table> + +<p class="cenhead"><i>Trustees.</i>—W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq., T. Grissell, Esq.<br /> +<i>Physician.</i>—William Rich. Basham, M.D.<br /> +<i>Bankers.</i>—Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">VALUABLE PRIVILEGE.</p> + + <p>POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary + difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application + to suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed + in the Prospectus.</p> + + <p>Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100<i>l.</i>, with a Share + in three-fourths of the Profits:—</p> + +<table width="35%" class="nobctr" summary="Specimens of Rates" title="Specimens of Rates"> +<tr> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left; width:28%">Age</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>£</i></td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>s.</i></td> +<td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>d.</i></td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left; width:28%">Age</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>£</i></td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>s.</i></td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>d.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 17</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">1</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">14</td> +<td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right">4</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 32</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">2</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">10</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">8</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 22</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">1</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">18</td> +<td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right">8</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 37</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">2</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">18</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">6</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 27</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">2</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">4</td> +<td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right">5</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 42</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">3</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">8</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">2</td> +</tr></table> + +<p class="cenhead">ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary.</p> + + <p>Now ready, price 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, Second Edition, with material + additions, INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE ON + BENEFIT BUILDING SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land + Investment, exemplified in the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building + Companies, &c. With a Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and + Life Assurance. By ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life + Assurance Society, 3. Parliament Street, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>SPECTACLES.—WM. ACKLAND applies his medical knowledge as a + Licentiate of the Apothecaries' Company, London, his theory as a + Mathematician, and his practice as a Working Optician, aided by Smee's + Optometer, in the selection of Spectacles suitable to every derangement + of vision, so as to preserve the sight to extreme old age.</p> + + <p>ACHROMATIC TELESCOPES, with the New Vetzlar Eye-pieces, as exhibited + at the Academy of Sciences in Paris. The Lenses of these Eye-pieces are + so constructed that the rays of light fall nearly perpendicular to the + surface of the various lenses, by which the aberration is completely + removed; and with a telescope so fitted gives one-third more magnifying + power and light than could be obtained by the old Eye-pieces. Prices of + the various sizes on application to</p> + +<p class="cenhead">WM. ACKLAND, Optician, 93. Hatton Garden, +London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION. No. 1. Class + X., in Gold and Silver Cases. in five qualities, and adapted to all + Climates, may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold + London-made Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver + Cases, 8, 6, and 4 guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, + 10, and 8 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior + Lever, with Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's + Pocket Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch + skilfully examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, + 2<i>l.</i>, 3<i>l.</i>, and 4<i>l.</i> Thermometers from 1<i>s.</i> + each.</p> + + <p>BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, + the Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen, 65. CHEAPSIDE.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>UNITED KINGDOM LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY: established by Act of + Parliament in 1834.—8. Waterloo Place, Pall Mall, London.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">HONORARY PRESIDENTS.</p> + +<table class="nobctr" summary="Honorary Presidents." title="Honorary Presidents."> +<tr><td class="rightbsing" valign="top" style="width:50%"> +Earl of Courtown<br /> +Earl Leven and Melville<br /> +Earl of Norbury<br /> +Earl of Stair<br /> +Viscount Falkland +</td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top" style="width:50%"> +Lord Elphinstone<br /> +Lord Belhaven and Stenton<br /> +Wm. Campbell, Esq.,<br /> +of Tillichewan +</td></tr> +</table> + +<p class="cenhead">LONDON BOARD.</p> + +<p class="cenhead"><i>Chairman.</i>—Charles Graham, Esq.<br /> +<i>Deputy-Chairman.</i>—Charles Downes, Esq.</p> + +<table class="nobctr" summary="London Board." title="London Board."> +<tr><td class="rightbsing" valign="top" style="width:50%"> +H. Blair Avarne, Esq.<br /> +E. Lennox Boyd, Esq.,<br /> +F.S.A., <i>Resident</i>.<br /> +C. Berwick Curtis, Esq.<br /> +William Fairlie, Esq.<br /> +D. Q. Henriques, Esq. +</td><td class="hspcsingle" valign="top" style="width:50%"> +J. G. Henriques, Esq.<br /> +F. C. Maitland, Esq.<br /> +William Railton, Esq.<br /> +F. H. Thomson, Esq.<br /> +Thomas Thorby, Esq. +</td></tr> +</table> + +<p class="cenhead">MEDICAL OFFICERS.</p> + +<p class="cenhead"><i>Physician.</i>—Arthur H. Hassall, Esq., M.D., 8. Bennett Street, St. James's.<br /> +<i>Surgeon.</i>—F. H. Tomson, Esq., 48. Berners Street.</p> + + <p>The Bonus added to Policies from March, 1834, to December 31, 1847, is + as follows:—</p> + + +<table class="topbotbctr" summary="Bonus added to Policies" title="Bonus added to Policies"> + <tr> + <td class="rightbotbsing" style="text-align:center" rowspan="2"> + <p>Sum<br /> + Assured</p> + + </td> + <td class="rightbotbsing" style="text-align:center" rowspan="2"> + <p>Time<br /> + Assured.</p> + + </td> + <td class="rightbotbsing" style="text-align:center" colspan="2"> + <p>Sum added to<br /> + Policy</p> + + </td> + <td class="botbsing" style="text-align:center" rowspan="2"> + <p>Sum<br /> + Payable<br /> + at Death.</p> + + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:center"> + <p>In 1841.</p> + + </td> + <td class="allb" style="text-align:center"> + <p>In 1848.</p> + + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right"> + <p><i>£ </i></p> + + </td> + <td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:left"> + </td> + <td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right"> + <p><i>£ s. d.</i></p> + + </td> + <td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right"> + <p><i>£ s. d.</i></p> + + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><i>£ s. d.</i></p> + + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right"> + <p>5000</p> + + </td> + <td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:left"> + <p>14 years</p> + + </td> + <td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right"> + <p>683 6 8 </p> + + </td> + <td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right"> + <p>787 10 0 </p> + + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p>6470 16 8 </p> + + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right"> + <p>* 1000</p> + + </td> + <td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:left"> + <p> 7 years</p> + + </td> + <td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:center"> + <p>—</p> + + </td> + <td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right"> + <p>157 10 0 </p> + + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p>1157 10 0 </p> + + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right"> + <p>500</p> + + </td> + <td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:left"> + <p> 1 year</p> + + </td> + <td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:center"> + <p>—</p> + + </td> + <td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right"> + <p>11 5 0 </p> + + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p>511 5 0 </p> + + </td> + </tr> +</table> + + <p>* <span class="sc">Example.</span>—At the commencement of the + year 1841, a person aged thirty took out a Policy for 1000<i>l.</i>, the + annual payment for which is 24<i>l.</i> 1<i>s.</i> 8<i>d.</i>; in 1847 he + had paid in premiums 168<i>l.</i> 11<i>s.</i> 8<i>d.</i>; but the profits + being 2¼ per cent. per annum on the sum insured (which is 22<i>l.</i> + 10<i>s.</i> per annum for each 1000<i>l.</i>) he had 157<i>l.</i> + 10<i>s.</i> added to the Policy, almost as much as the premiums paid.</p> + + <p>The Premiums, nevertheless, are on the most moderate scale, and only + one-half need be paid for the first five years, when the Insurance is for + Life. Every information will be afforded on application to the Resident + Director.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h3>GILBERT J. FRENCH,</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">BOLTON, LANCASHIRE,</p> + + <p>RESPECTFULLY informs the Clergy, Architects, and Churchwardens, that + he replies immediately to all applications by letter, for information + respecting his Manufactures in CHURCH FURNITURE, ROBES, COMMUNION LINEN, + &c., &c., supplying full information as to Prices, together with + Sketches, Estimates, Patterns of Materials, &c., &c.</p> + + <p>Having declined appointing Agents, MR. FRENCH invites direct + communications by Post, as the most economical and satisfactory + arrangement. PARCELS delivered Free by Railway.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>HEAL & SON'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF BEDSTEADS, sent free by + post. It contains designs and prices of upwards of ONE HUNDRED different + Bedsteads; also of every description of Bedding, Blankets, and Quilts. + And their new warerooms contain an extensive assortment of Bed-room + Furniture, Furniture Chintzes, Damasks, and Dimities, so as to render + their Establishment complete for the general furnishing of Bed-rooms.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">HEAL & SON, Bedstead and Bedding Manufacturers, +196. Tottenham Court Road.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER.—Negative and Positive Papers of Whatman's, + Turner's, Sanford's, and Canson Frères' make. Waxed-Paper for Le Gray's + Process. Iodized and Sensitive Paper for every kind of Photography.</p> + + <p>Sold by JOHN SANFORD, Photographic Stationer, Aldine Chambers, 13. + Paternoster Row, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h3>INDIGESTION, CONSTIPATION, +NERVOUSNESS, &c.—BARRY,<br /> +DU BARRY & CO.'S HEALTH-RESTORING +FOOD for INVALIDS and INFANTS.</h3> + +<hr class="short" /> + + <p>THE REVALENTA ARABICA FOOD, the only natural, pleasant, and effectual + remedy (without medicine, purging, inconvenience, or expense, as it saves + fifty times its cost in other remedies) for nervous, stomachic, + intestinal, liver and bilious complaints, however deeply rooted, + dyspepsia (indigestion), habitual constipation, diarrhœa, acidity, + heartburn, flatulency, oppression, distension, palpitation, eruption of + the skin, rheumatism, gout, dropsy, sickness at the stomach during + pregnancy, at sea, and under all other circumstances, debility in the + aged as well as infants, fits, spasms, cramps, paralysis, &c.</p> + +<p class="cenhead"><i>A few out of 50,000 Cures:—</i></p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>Cure, No. 71, of dyspepsia; from the Right Hon. the Lord Stuart de + Decies:—"I have derived considerable benefits from your Revalenta + Arabica Food, and consider it due to yourselves and the public to + authorise the publication of these lines.—<span class="sc">Stuart + de Decies.</span>"</p> + +</blockquote> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>Cure, No. 49,832:—"Fifty years' indescribable agony from + dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, + sickness at the stomach, and vomitings have been removed by Du Barry's + excellent food.—<span class="sc">Maria Jolly</span>, Wortham Ling, + near Diss, Norfolk."</p> + +</blockquote> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>Cure, No. 180:—"Twenty-five years' nervousness, constipation, + indigestion, and debility, from which I had suffered great misery, and + which no medicine could remove or relieve, have been effectually cured by + Du Barry's food in a very short time.—<span class="sc">W. R. + Reeves</span>, Pool Anthony, Tiverton."</p> + +</blockquote> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>Cure, No. 4,208:—"Eight years' dyspepsia, nervousness, debility, + with cramps, spasms, and nausea, for which my servant had consulted the + advice of many, have been effectually removed by Du Barry's delicious + food in a very short time. I shall be happy to answer any + inquiries.—<span class="sc">Rev. John W. Flavell</span>, Ridlington + Rectory, Norfolk."</p> + +</blockquote> + +<p class="cenhead"><i>Dr. Wurzer's Testimonial.</i></p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p class="author">"Bonn, July 19. 1852.</p> + + <p>"This light and pleasant Farina is one of the most excellent, + nourishing, and restorative remedies, and supersedes, in many cases, all + kinds of medicines. It is particularly useful in confined habit of body, + as also diarrhœa, bowel complaints, affections of the kidneys and + bladder, such as stone or gravel; inflammatory irritation and cramp of + the urethra, cramp of the kidneys and bladder, strictures, and + hemorrhoids. This really invaluable remedy is employed with the most + satisfactory result, not only in bronchial and pulmonary complaints, + where irritation and pain are to be removed, but also in pulmonary and + bronchial consumption, in which it counteracts effectually the + troublesome cough; and I am enabled with perfect truth to express the + conviction that Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica is adapted to the cure of + incipient hectic complaints and consumption.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">"<span class="sc">Dr. Rud Wurzer.</span><br /> +"Counsel of Medicine, and practical M.D. in Bonn."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>London Agents:—Fortnum, Mason & Co., 182. Piccadilly, + purveyors to Her Majesty the Queen; Hedges & Butler, 155. Regent + Street; and through all respectable grocers, chemists, and medicine + venders. In canisters, suitably packed for all climates, and with full + instructions, 1lb. 2<i>s.</i> 9<i>d.</i>; 2lb. 4<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; + 5lb. 11<i>s.</i>; 12lb. 22<i>s.</i>; super-refined, 5lb. 22<i>s.</i>; + 10lb. 33<i>s.</i> The 10lb. and 12lb. carriage free, on receipt of + Post-office order.—Barry, Du Barry Co., 77. Regent Street, + London.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Important Caution.</span>—Many invalids having + been seriously injured by spurious imitations under closely similar + names, such as Ervalenta, Arabaca, and others, the public will do well to + see that each canister bears the name <span class="sc">Barry, Du Barry + & Co.</span>, 77. Regent Street, London, in full, <i>without which + none is genuine</i>.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p><!-- Page 92 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page92"></a>{92}</span></p> + +<p class="cenhead">A CHEAP ISSUE OF</p> + +<h3>MURRAY'S HANDBOOKS +FOR TRAVELLERS.</h3> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<p class="cenhead">FOR THE CONTINENT.</p> + + <p>HANDBOOK—TRAVEL TALK. 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + + <p>HANDBOOK—BELGIUM AND THE RHINE. 5<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>HANDBOOK—SWITZERLAND, SAVOY, AND PIEDMONT. 7<i>s.</i> + 6<i>d.</i></p> + + <p>HANDBOOK—NORTH GERMANY, AND HOLLAND. 9<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>HANDBOOK—SOUTH GERMANY AND THE TYROL. 9<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>HANDBOOK—FRANCE AND THE PYRENEES. 9<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>HANDBOOK—SPAIN, ANDALUSIA, ETC. 16<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>HANDBOOK—NORTH ITALY AND FLORENCE. 9<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>HANDBOOK—SOUTH ITALY AND NAPLES.</p> + + <p>HANDBOOK—EGYPT AND THEBES. 15<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>HANDBOOK—DENMARK, NORWAY, AND SWEDEN. 12<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>HANDBOOK—RUSSIA AND FINLAND. 12<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">FOR ENGLAND.</p> + + <p>HANDBOOK—MODERN LONDON. 5<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>HANDBOOK—ENGLAND. <span class="sc">Part I.</span> DEVON AND + CORNWALL. 6<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">THE QUARTERLY REVIEW, +No. CLXXXV., is published THIS DAY.</p> + +<p class="cenhead"><span class="sc">Contents</span>:</p> + + <div class="contents"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> I. IRELAND, BY THE FOUR MASTERS.</p> + <p> II. HAXTHAUSEN ON RUSSIA.</p> + <p> III. COMPARATIVE ANATOMY—PROFESSOR OWEN.</p> + <p> IV. ECCLESIASTICAL FORGERIES.</p> + <p> V. AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF SIGNOR RUFFINI.</p> + <p> VI. COUNT FICQUELMONT ON FOREIGN POLICY.</p> + <p> VII. REPORT OF THE OXFORD COMMISSION.</p> + <p>VIII. LIFE OF THOMAS MOORE.</p> + </div> + </div> + +<p class="cenhead">JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">Just published,</p> + +<p class="cenhead">THE CHRISTIAN REMEMBRANCER, +No. LXXXI., for JULY, 1853.</p> + +<p class="cenhead"><span class="sc">Contents.</span></p> + + <div class="contents"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>1. Recent Metaphysics.</p> + <p>2. Miss Yonge's Novels.</p> + <p>3. Palmer's Dissertations on the Orthodox Communion.</p> + <p>4. Stirling's Cloister Life of Charles V.</p> + <p>5. Alford's Greek Testament. Vol. II.</p> + <p>6. Modern Poetry.</p> + <p>7. Church Penitentiary Association.</p> + <p>8. Spicilegium <span class="correction" title="Original reads `Solesmence'.">Solesmense</span>.</p> + <p>9. Notices of New Books, &c.</p> + </div> + </div> + +<p class="cenhead">London: J. & C. MOZLEY, 6. Paternoster Row.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h3>J. R. SMITH'S</h3> + +<h2>NEW PUBLICATIONS.</h2> + +<hr class="short" /> + + <p>BRITANNIC RESEARCHES; or, New Facts and Rectifications of Ancient + British History. by the REV. BEALE POSTE, M.A. Just published, 8vo. (pp. + 488.), with engravings, cloth, 15<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>A FEW NOTES ON SHAKSPEARE, with Occasional Remarks on Mr. Collier's + Folio of 1632. By the REV. ALEXANDER DYCE. 8vo. cloth, 5<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>WILTSHIRE TALES, illustrative of the Manners, Customs, and Dialect of + that and adjoining Counties. By J. Y. AKERMAN, ESQ. 12mo. cloth, + 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + + <p>FACTS AND SPECULATIONS on the Origin and History of Playing Cards. By + W. A. CHATTO, Author of "Jackson's History of Wood Engraving." In one + handsome volume, 8vo., illustrated with many Engravings, both plain and + coloured, cloth, 1<i>l.</i> 1<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>BOSWORTH'S (Rev. Dr.) Compendious Anglo-Saxon and English Dictionary. + 8vo., closely printed in treble columns, cloth, 2<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>LOWER'S (M.A.) ESSAYS on English Surnames. 2 vols. post 8vo. Third + Edition, greatly enlarged, cloth, 12<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>LOWER'S CURIOSITIES of HERALDRY, with Illustrations from Old English + Writers. 8vo., numerous Engravings, cloth, 14<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>WRIGHT'S (THOS.) ESSAYS on the Literature, Popular Superstitions, and + History of England in the Middle Ages. 2 vols. post 8vo., cloth, + 16<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>GUIDE to ARCHÆOLOGY. An Archæological Index to Remains of Antiquity of + the Celtic, Romano British, and Anglo-Saxon Periods. By JOHN YONGE + AKERMAN, Fellow and Secretary to the Society of Antiquaries. 1 vol. 8vo., + illustrated with numerous Engravings, comprising upwards of 500 objects, + cloth, 15<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>A NEW LIFE OF SHAKSPEARE; including many Particulars respecting the + Poet and his Family, never before published. By JAMES ORCHARD HALLIWELL, + F.R.S., F.S.A., &c. 8vo., 76 Engravings by Fairholt, cloth, + 15<i>s.</i></p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<p class="cenhead">JOHN RUSSELL SMITH, 36. SOHO SQUARE, LONDON.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">NEW EDITIONS OF SHARON TURNER'S +HISTORICAL WORKS, WITH THE +AUTHOR'S FINAL CORRECTIONS.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Just published, in 4 vols. 8vo., price 50<i>s.</i> cloth.</p> + + <p>SHARON TURNER'S HISTORY of ENGLAND DURING THE MIDDLE AGES: Comprising + the Reigns from the Norman Conquest to the Accession of Henry VIII. The + Fifth Edition, revised; with the Author's final Corrections added by the + Author's Son, the REV. SYDNEY TURNER.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">By the same Author, New Editions,</p> + + <p>THE HISTORY OF THE ANGLO-SAXONS. The Seventh Edition. 3 vols. 8vo., + price 36<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>THE SACRED HISTORY OF THE WORLD. The Eighth Edition, in 3 vols. post + 8vo., price 31<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, & LONGMANS.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>A COMPLETE HISTORY OF DRUGS, by M. POMET; with what is Observable from + MESSRS. LEMERQ and TOURNEFORT. Divided into Three Classes: Vegetable, + Animal, and Mineral, and their Use in Chemistry, Pharmacy, and the Arts. + Illustrated with above 400 Copper Cuts. Done into English. 2 vols. 4to. + in one. London: R. Bornirck & Co., 1712. Dedicated to Dr. Sloane.</p> + + <p>DE HUMANA PHYSIOGNOMIA JOANNIS BAPTISTÆ PORTÆ Neapolitani. Libri 4. + 1601. Ursellis Typ. Conellatorii. Numerous Woodcuts. To be disposed + of.</p> + + <p>Apply by letter to W. C., care of MR. BELL, 186. Fleet Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h3>LITERARY CURIOSITIES.</h3> + + <p>An Original and Highly Interesting Newspaper (<i>A Little Mercury</i>, + of eight pages), published in the ever Memorable Year of the Martyrdom of + <span class="sc">King Charles the First</span>, 205 years ago! Very rare, + exceedingly curious, and in fine preservation! Sent free on receipt of + 12<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + + <p>An Original, Rare, and Curious Newspaper (<i>A Little Mercury</i>, of + sixteen pages), published in <span class="sc">Charles the Second's</span> + Reign, sent free on receipt of 6<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>An Original Newspaper (<i>A Little Gazette</i>), rich in curious + historical and domestic announcements, published in <span + class="sc">Charles the Second's</span> Reign, sent free on receipt of + 4<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + + <p>An Original Newspaper of <span class="sc">James the Second's</span> + Reign, rare and curious, sent free on receipt of 3<i>s.</i> + 6<i>d.</i></p> + + <p>An Original Newspaper of <span class="sc">William And Mary's</span> + Reign, rare and curious, sent free on receipt of 3<i>s.</i> + 6<i>d.</i></p> + + <p>An Original Newspaper of <span class="sc">Queen Anne's</span> Reign, + ornamented with curious woodcuts, rare and very interesting, sent free on + receipt of 3<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>An Original Newspaper of <span class="sc">George the First's</span> + Reign, with a curious woodcut title, rare, sent free on receipt of + 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + + <p>An Original Newspaper of <span class="sc">George the Second's</span> + Reign, sent free on receipt of 2<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>An Original Newspaper of <span class="sc">George the Third's</span> + Reign, sent free on receipt of 1<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>Apply, <span class="sc">by Letter only</span>, inclosing a Remittance, + either Post-office Order, or Postage Stamps, addressed to MR. JAMES + HAMILTON FENNELL, 1. Warwick Court, Holborn, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">TO PRINTERS, PUBLISHERS, AUTHORS, ETC.</p> + + <p>WOOD ENGRAVINGS.—Illustrations for Books, Periodicals, + Newspapers, and every Class of Wood Engravings executed in a Superior + Style, at reasonable Prices, by GEORGE DORRINGTON, Designer and Engraver + on Wood, 4. Ampton Street, Gray's Inn Road.—Specimens and Estimates + forwarded upon receipt of particulars.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>Printed by <span class="sc">Thomas Clark Shaw</span>, of No. 10. + Stonefield Street, in the Parish of St. Mary, Islington, at No. 5. New + Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and + published by <span class="sc">George Bell</span>, of No. 186. Fleet + Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, + Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.—Saturday, July 23, + 1853.</p> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 195, July +23, 1853, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** + +***** This file should be named 28477-h.htm or 28477-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/2/8/4/7/28477/ + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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