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+The Project Gutenberg Etext of De Franse Pers, by Heinrich Heine
+#3 in our series by Heinrich Heine
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+Title: De Franse Pers
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+Author: Heinrich Heine
+
+Release Date: September, 2001  [Etext #2840]
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+The Project Gutenberg Etext of De Franse Pers, by Heinrich Heine
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+
+
+De Franse Pers
+
+
+Tot op zekere hoogte is de Franse dagbladpers een oligarchie, zeker
+geen democratie.  Dat komt, omdat een krant stichten in Frankrijk met
+zoveel kosten en moeite gepaard gaat, dat alleen mensen die in staat
+zijn zeer grote sommen op tafel te leggen een dagblad kunnen
+oprichten.  Het zijn dus gewoonlijk kapitalisten, of hier en daar een
+industriëel, die het geld voorschieten om een krant te stichten.
+Zij speculeren daarbij over de afzet, die het blad zou kunnen vinden
+zodra dat zich weet te profileren als het orgaan van de een of
+andere partij.  Óf, ze koesteren in hun achterhoofd zelfs de
+gedachte die titel later, met nog grotere winst, aan de regering te
+verkopen, zogauw er een voldoend aantal abonnenten gewonnen is.  Die
+kranten zijn natuurlijk gedwongen om te dansen naar de pijpen van de
+voorhanden zijnde partijen, of van het ministerie, en ze zitten dus in
+een heel nauw keurslijf, of wat nog erger is, in een exclusiviteit:
+allerlei mededelingen worden gewoon uitgesloten.  Haast lijken de
+beperkingen van de Dùitse censuur daarbij op een keten van montere
+rozenstengels.
+
+De RÉDACTEUR EN CHEF van een Franse krant is eigenlijk een
+CONDOTIERRE, een huurlingenleider: hij vecht met zijn collonnes, en
+verdedigt de belangen en de passies van de partij die hem ingehuurd
+heeft met haar subsidies, of met een gewaarborgde oplage.  De
+onderredacteurs, zijn luitenants en soldaten dus, gehoorzamen
+gedisciplineerd, en ze geven hun artikelen de verwachte tendens en
+kleur.  Hierdoor bereikt zo'n krant een éénheid en een precisie,
+die wij in de verste verte niet genoeg kunnen bewonderen.  De
+strengste discipline heerst hier, niet alleen in de gedachte, maar ook
+in de formulering.  En als het dan eens voorkomt, dat de een of andere
+verstrooide medewerker een commando niet goed gehoord heeft, en een
+stuk schrijft dat niet helemaal aan de CONSIGNES beantwoordt, dan
+snijdt de RÉDACTEUR EN CHEF in het vlees van dat opstel, met een
+militaire onbarmhartigheid die bij géén Duitse censor te vinden
+is.  Stel nu: er komt iemand bij die man aan met een stuk, dat de
+welbepaalde doeleinden van de krant niet echt schijnt te bevorderen:
+het stuk behandelt bijvoorbeeld een thema waar het publiek geen direct
+belang bij heeft – en tenslotte is die krant hùn Orgaan –
+...dat stuk wordt streng afgewezen, met de sacrale woorden: "CELA
+N'ENTRE PAS DANS L'IDÉE DE NOTRE JOURNAL."
+
+Nu is het vandaag zo, dat elke krant hier zijn eigen politieke kleur,
+en zijn eigen mooi omlijnde ideeën heeft.  Op die manier is het
+gemakkelijk te begrijpen, dat iemand, die iets te vertellen heeft wat
+daar allemaal een beetje bùiten valt, en dat ook niet goed bij een
+partij past – dat die man geen orgaan voor zijn mededelingen zal
+vinden.  Ja, het kómt voor dat iemand een beetje verder wil gaan
+dan de dagelijkse FAITS DIVERS, de zogenaamde actualiteiten; iemand
+wil een idee ontwikkelen waar de banale partijkwesties niks mee te
+maken hebben – in zijn stuk iets bespreken dat alleen maar de Zaak
+van de Mensheid aanbelangt bijvoorbeeld – wel, de redacteurs zullen
+zo'n stuk met hoffelijke ironie terugwijzen.  Komt daarbij, dat men
+tenslotte alleen via de kranten met het publiek kan spreken, en via de
+ingezonden stukken en annonces die zij geven: in zulke omstandigheden
+is de CHARTE, die aan elke Fransman toelaat om zijn gedachten te laten
+drukken, een echte belediging geworden voor de geniale denkers en
+wereldburgers die zij zijn.  In de praktijk kennen zij helemáál
+geen persvrijheid: – "CELA N'ENTRE PAS DANS L'IDÉE DE NOTRE
+JOURNAL."
+
+Heinrich Heine
+
+Lutezia
+Paris, 3.VI.1840
+in: Ernst Elster, 1893
+Sämtliche Werke
+Meyers Klassiker-Ausgaben
+
+vertaald als radiotekst door Marc Vanfraechem
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg Etext of De Franse Pers, by Heinrich Heine
+
+