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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Handbook of The New York Public Library, by
+New York Public Library
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Handbook of The New York Public Library
+
+Author: New York Public Library
+
+Release Date: January 31, 2009 [EBook #27954]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HANDBOOK--NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Carla Foust, and The Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was
+produced from images generously made available by The
+Internet Archive/American Libraries.)
+
+
+
+
+
+Transcriber's note
+
+
+Minor punctuation errors have been changed without notice.
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration: CENTRAL BUILDING
+
+THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY]
+
+
+
+
+ HANDBOOK
+
+ _of_
+
+ THE NEW YORK PUBLIC
+ LIBRARY
+
+ 1916
+
+
+
+
+ Copyright, 1916, by
+ THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+
+ THE CENTRAL BUILDING: PAGE
+
+ EXTERIOR 7
+
+ SCULPTURE 13
+
+ THE REAR OF THE BUILDING 15
+
+
+ FIRST FLOOR
+
+ ENTRANCES 17
+
+ ELEVATORS 19
+
+ EXHIBITION ROOM 19
+
+ CURRENT PERIODICALS ROOM 19
+
+ BUSINESS OFFICES 21
+
+ TECHNOLOGY DIVISION 21
+
+ PATENTS ROOM 22
+
+ THE LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND 22
+
+
+ SECOND FLOOR
+
+ ORIENTAL DIVISION 23
+
+ JEWISH DIVISION 23
+
+ SLAVONIC DIVISION 23
+
+ SCIENCE DIVISION 25
+
+ ECONOMICS DIVISION 25
+
+ BUSINESS OFFICES 25
+
+
+ THIRD FLOOR
+
+ PUBLIC CATALOGUE ROOM 27
+
+ INFORMATION DESK 31
+
+ APPLICATION FOR BOOKS 31
+
+ THE MAIN READING ROOM 31
+
+ THE LIBRARY'S BOOKS 33
+
+ USE OF BOOKS 39
+
+ STACK 39
+
+ GENEALOGY ROOM 39
+
+ AMERICAN HISTORY DIVISION 39
+
+ RESERVE BOOKS 41
+
+ PRINTS ROOM 43
+
+ ART AND ARCHITECTURE 43
+
+ MAP ROOM 45
+
+ STUART GALLERY 45
+
+ GENERAL GALLERY 45
+
+ PRINTS GALLERY 45
+
+ MANUSCRIPT DIVISION 46
+
+ MUSIC DIVISION 47
+
+
+ BASEMENT
+
+ NEWSPAPER ROOM 47
+
+ CENTRAL CIRCULATION BRANCH 49
+
+ CHILDREN'S ROOM 51
+
+ LIBRARY SCHOOL 51
+
+ PUBLIC TELEPHONES 53
+
+ BUSINESS OFFICES 53
+
+ TRAVELLING LIBRARIES OFFICE 53
+
+
+ CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT (BRANCHES):
+
+ CIRCULATION OF BOOKS 55
+
+ SPECIAL COLLECTIONS 57
+
+ INTERBRANCH LOAN 57
+
+ READING ROOMS 57
+
+ LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND 59
+
+ TRAVELLING LIBRARIES 59
+
+ WORK WITH CHILDREN 61
+
+ LECTURES AND MEETINGS 62
+
+
+ HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE LIBRARY:
+
+ THE ASTOR LIBRARY 63
+
+ THE LENOX LIBRARY 67
+
+ THE TILDEN TRUST 67
+
+ CONSOLIDATION 69
+
+ NEW YORK FREE CIRCULATING LIBRARY 71
+
+ OTHER CIRCULATING LIBRARIES 71
+
+ CARNEGIE BRANCHES 71
+
+ MANAGEMENT 71
+
+ BENEFACTORS 72
+
+ WORK OF THE LIBRARY 73
+
+
+ FLOOR PLANS, CENTRAL BUILDING 74
+
+ TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS OF THE LIBRARY 76
+
+ DIRECTORY OF BRANCH LIBRARIES 77
+
+ PUBLICATIONS OF THE LIBRARY 78
+
+ THE CROTON RESERVOIR 79
+
+
+
+
+_NOTE_
+
+
+_Although the purpose of this Handbook is to tell the principal facts
+about the Library as an institution, its chief use is likely to be that
+of a guide to the Central Building. The section about the Central
+Building is therefore given first place. Any visitor who cares to take
+the trouble, before beginning his tour of the Building, to read the
+brief historical sketch (on pages 63-73) will have a better
+understanding of the organization and work of the Library, and see the
+reasons for a number of things which might not otherwise be clear._
+
+
+
+
+THE CENTRAL BUILDING
+
+
+OPEN: WEEK DAYS, INCLUDING HOLIDAYS, 9 A.M. TO 10 P.M. SUNDAYS, 1 P.M.
+TO 10 P.M.
+
+(Except where otherwise noted these are the hours of the special reading
+rooms.)
+
+
+
+
+THE CENTRAL BUILDING
+
+
+=The Central Building= of The New York Public Library is on the western
+side of Fifth Avenue, occupying the two blocks between 40th and 42nd
+Streets. It stands on part of the site of the old Croton distributing
+reservoir, and it was built by the City of New York at a cost of about
+nine million dollars.
+
+Competitions to choose the architect for the building were held in 1897,
+two years after The New York Public Library was incorporated. The result
+of the competition was the selection of Messrs. Carrere and Hastings, of
+New York, as architects. In 1899 the work of removing the old reservoir
+began. Various legal difficulties and labor troubles delayed beginning
+the construction of the building, but by November 10, 1902, the work had
+progressed so far that the cornerstone was laid. The building was opened
+to the public May 23, 1911, in the presence of the President of the
+United States, the Governor of the State of New York, the Mayor of New
+York, and an audience of about six hundred persons.
+
+=Exterior.= The material of the building is largely Vermont marble, and
+the style that of the modern Renaissance, somewhat in the manner of the
+period of Louis XVI, with certain modifications to suit the conditions
+of to-day. It is rectangular in shape, 390 feet long and 270 feet deep,
+built around two inner courts. It has a cellar, basement or ground
+floor, and three upper floors.
+
+[Illustration: MAIN ENTRANCE]
+
+"The Library," wrote Mr. A. C. David, in the _Architectural Record_[1],
+"is undeniably popular. It has already taken its place in the public
+mind as a building of which every New Yorker may be proud, and this
+opinion of the building is shared by the architectural profession of the
+country. Of course, it does not please everybody; but if American
+architects in good standing were asked to name the one building which
+embodied most of what was good in contemporary American architecture,
+The New York Public Library would be the choice of a handsome majority."
+
+Mr. David continued: "The Library is not, then, intended to be a great
+monumental building, which would look almost as well from one point of
+view as another, and which would be fundamentally an example of pure
+architectural form. It is designed rather to face on the avenue of a
+city, and not to seem out of place on such a site. It is essentially and
+frankly an instance of street architecture; and as an instance of street
+architecture it is distinguished in its appearance rather than imposing.
+Not, indeed, that it is lacking in dignity. The facade on Fifth Avenue
+has poise, as well as distinction; character, as well as good manners.
+But still it does not insist upon its own peculiar importance, as every
+monumental building must do. It is content with a somewhat humbler role,
+but one which is probably more appropriate. It looks ingratiating rather
+than imposing, and that is probably one reason for its popularity. It is
+intended for popular rather than for official use, and the building
+issues to the people an invitation to enter rather than a command....
+
+[Illustration: TERRACE IN FRONT OF LIBRARY
+
+LOOKING SOUTH]
+
+"The final judgment on the Library will be, consequently, that it is not
+a great monument, because considerations of architectural form have in
+several conspicuous instances been deliberately subordinated to the
+needs of the plan. In this respect it resembles the new Museum of Fine
+Arts in Boston. The building is at bottom a compromise between two
+groups of partly antagonistic demands, and a compromise can hardly ever
+become a consummate example of architectural form. But, on the other
+hand, Messrs. Carrere and Hastings have, as in so many other cases, made
+their compromise successful. Faithful as they have been to the
+fundamental requirement of adapting the building to its purpose as a
+library, they have also succeeded in making it look well; and they have
+succeeded in making it look well partly because the design is
+appropriate to its function as a building in which books are stored,
+read and distributed. A merely monumental library always appears
+somewhat forbidding and remote. The Library looks attractive, and so far
+as a large building can, even intimate....
+
+[Illustration: BY EDWARD C. POTTER]
+
+[Illustration: TERRACE LOOKING NORTH]
+
+"The popularity of the Library has, consequently, been well earned. The
+public has reason to like it, because it offers them a smiling
+countenance; and the welcome it gives is merely the outward and visible
+sign of an inward grace. When people enter they will find a building
+which has been ingeniously and carefully adapted to their use.
+Professional architects like it, because they recognize the skill, the
+good taste and the abundant resources of which the building, as a whole,
+is the result; and while many of them doubtless cherish a secret
+thought that they would have done it better, they are obliged to
+recognize that in order to have done it better they would have been
+obliged to exhibit a high degree of architectural intelligence. In the
+realism of its plan and in the mixture of dignity and distinction in the
+design, The New York Public Library is typical of that which is best in
+the contemporary American architectural movement; and New York is
+fortunate, indeed, that such a statement can be made of the most
+important public building erected in the city during several
+generations."
+
+[Illustration: ROMANCE BY PAUL BARTLETT]
+
+=Sculpture.= Of the sculptural designs, the two lions on either side of
+the main approach are by E. C. Potter. They have been subjected to much
+criticism, mainly of a humorous nature, and in the daily press. This
+adverse comment has not been endorsed by critics of art and
+architecture. Mr. Potter was chosen for this work by Augustus St.
+Gaudens, and again, after Mr. St. Gaudens' death, by Mr. D. C. French,
+also an eminent sculptor. Any layman can satisfy himself, by a brief
+observation of the building as a whole, that the architectural balance
+of the structure demands figures of heroic size to flank the main
+approach. With that requirement in view, the designer of such figures
+has but a limited choice of subject, since there are few living
+creatures whose forms possess dignity without being cumbrous. The
+sculptor in this instance has followed well-established precedents in
+designing the lions according to the canons of decorative art. They are
+as realistic as would be suitable for figures of this size, and in this
+position.
+
+[Illustration: PHILOSOPHY BY PAUL BARTLETT]
+
+The groups in the pediments are by George Gray Barnard; the one in the
+northern pediment represents History, and the one in the southern, Art.
+
+The figures above the fountains on either side of the main entrance are
+by Frederick MacMonnies; the man seated on the Sphinx, on the northern
+side of the entrance represents Truth. On the southern side, the figure
+of the woman seated on Pegasus represents Beauty. Above the figure of
+Truth is this inscription from the Apocrypha (1 Esdras, chapter 3):
+
+ BUT ABOVE ALL THINGS
+ TRUTH
+ BEARETH AWAY
+ THE VICTORY
+
+The inscription above the figure of Beauty is:
+
+ BEAUTY
+ OLD YET EVER NEW
+ ETERNAL VOICE
+ AND INWARD WORD
+
+This is from the twenty-first stanza of Whittier's poem, "The Shadow and
+the Light."
+
+The six figures above the main entrance are by Paul Bartlett; naming
+them from north to south they are: History, Drama, Poetry, Religion,
+Romance, and Philosophy. Above the entrance are inscriptions concerning
+three of the component parts of The New York Public Library. They are as
+follows:
+
+ THE LENOX LIBRARY
+ FOUNDED BY
+ JAMES LENOX
+ DEDICATED TO HISTORY
+ LITERATURE AND THE FINE ARTS
+ MDCCCLXX
+
+ THE ASTOR LIBRARY
+ FOUNDED BY
+ JOHN JACOB ASTOR
+ FOR THE
+ ADVANCEMENT OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE
+ MDCCCXLVIII
+
+ THE TILDEN TRUST
+ FOUNDED BY
+ SAMUEL JONES TILDEN
+ TO SERVE THE INTERESTS OF
+ SCIENCE AND POPULAR EDUCATION
+ MDCCCLXXXVI
+
+Beneath these is this inscription:
+
+ MDCCCXCV THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY MDCCCCII
+
+Of the dates in this inscription, the first, 1895, is that of the
+incorporation of The New York Public Library; the second, 1902, is that
+of the laying of the cornerstone.
+
+The statue of William Cullen Bryant, behind the Library, is by Herbert
+Adams.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+=The rear of the building= should be viewed from Bryant Park. The long
+windows are to light the bookstack. Some critics have commended the
+rear of the building very highly. Mr. A. C. David, in the article
+previously quoted, says:
+
+ "This facade is very plainly treated, without any pretence to
+ architectural effect. It is, indeed, designed frankly as the rear
+ of a structure which is not meant to be looked at except on the
+ other sides. Any attempt, consequently, at monumental treatment has
+ been abandoned. The building is designed to be seen from Fifth
+ Avenue and from the side streets. The rear, on Bryant Park, merely
+ takes care of itself; and one of the largest apartments in any
+ edifice in the United States is practically concealed, so far as
+ any positive exterior result is concerned."
+
+[Illustration: A RAINY DAY--FIFTH AVENUE
+
+FROM AN ETCHING BY CHARLES B. KING]
+
+The large apartment referred to in this quotation is the Main Reading
+Room of the Library, which is described farther on in this Handbook.
+
+
+FIRST FLOOR
+
+=Entrances.= There are two entrances to the Library, the main entrance on
+Fifth Avenue, and the side door on 42nd Street, which gives admission to
+the basement, where the Central Circulation Room, the Newspaper Room and
+the Central Children's Room are to be found. On a first visit, however,
+the sightseer should use the main entrance on Fifth Avenue, in order to
+see the lobby, which rises through two stories, with broad staircases to
+the right and left. The flying arches of these staircases are of
+seventeen feet span, and are all of marble without any brick or metal
+work whatever. The marble used in the lobby is from Vermont. The ceiling
+is a true marble vault of forty feet span, supporting itself and the
+floor over it, with no metal whatever, except some reinforcing rods
+buried in the concrete filling in the floor above.
+
+[Illustration: TRUTH
+
+BY FREDERICK MACMONNIES]
+
+Between the pillars facing the entrance are two inscriptions. At the
+left is this:
+
+ THE CITY OF NEW YORK
+ HAS ERECTED THIS BUILDING
+ TO BE MAINTAINED FOREVER
+ AS A FREE LIBRARY
+ FOR THE USE OF THE PEOPLE
+
+[Illustration: PART OF MAIN FACADE]
+
+And at the right:
+
+ ON THE DIFFUSION OF EDUCATION
+ AMONG THE PEOPLE
+ REST THE PRESERVATION
+ AND PERPETUATION
+ OF OUR FREE INSTITUTIONS
+
+The latter is a quotation from an address by Daniel Webster at Madison,
+Indiana, June 1, 1837.
+
+=Elevators= are near the northern or 42nd Street end of the building.
+There is also a staircase at this end of the building, in addition to
+the staircases near the main entrance.
+
+=Exhibition Room.= Directly opposite the main entrance is the Exhibition
+Room, finished in white Vermont marble. The ceiling is supported by
+twenty-four columns of green veined white marble. The ceiling itself is
+elaborately and beautifully carved in oak. This room is devoted to
+exhibitions of rare books, manuscripts and prints. The exhibitions are
+changed from time to time, usually as often as three or four times a
+year. Open 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. on week days; 1 to 5 p. m. Sundays.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+=Current Periodicals Room.= The corridor to the south from the main
+entrance leads to the Current Periodicals Room (Room Number 111). Here
+about 4,500 current periodicals are on file. A hundred of these are on
+open racks. The others may be obtained upon application at the desk. A
+classified finding list gives the reader the titles of periodicals kept
+here. As this room is sometimes confused in the public mind with a
+popular or club reading room, it should be remembered that this is one
+department in a building primarily devoted to the reference work of the
+Library. The few restrictions which are imposed are only for the purpose
+of keeping the files intact for binding. The Branches of The New York
+Public Library contain reading rooms where all the periodicals are on
+open racks.
+
+[Illustration: FRONT DOOR]
+
+=Business Offices.= Following the corridor leading south and then turning
+to the right along the 40th Street side of the building, one reaches
+some of the business offices of the Library--the office of the Bursar
+(No. 104), of the Building Superintendent (No. 103), of the Chief of the
+Circulation Department (No. 102), and of the Supervisor of work with
+children (No. 105). These offices are open for any persons who have
+occasion to visit them for business reasons, but they are of no interest
+to sightseers. In Room 100, devoted mainly to the cataloguing work of
+the Circulation Department, there is a card catalogue of all the books
+in this Department,--that is, in the Branches of the Library. The Room
+is open to the public, for the consultation of this catalogue, on week
+days from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m.
+
+[Illustration: BASE OF FLAGPOLE]
+
+=Technology Division.= Following the corridor leading to the north from
+the main entrance, there is, on the right, the room of the Technology
+Division (No. 115), devoted to applied science and engineering. The
+collection of books in this Division, or under its control, numbers
+about 65,000. In this room, as in all the special reading rooms, with a
+few exceptions, books are on open shelves for the free access of readers
+and students.
+
+=Patents Room= (No. 121). At the end of the corridor parallel to 42nd
+Street, is the Patents Room, a part of the Technology Division. It is
+open from 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. on week days, and is closed on Sundays.
+Patents may be consulted evenings and Sundays by arrangement with the
+technology librarian, Room 115.
+
+[Illustration: NORTH WING]
+
+=The Library for the Blind= (No. 116) is on the inner or western side of
+the corridor leading north from the main entrance. This collection
+contains about 8,000 books in embossed type for blind readers, and, in
+addition, 5,500 music scores, also in embossed type. These books are
+lent not only in Greater New York, but are sent free by mail to blind
+readers in all parts of the States of New York, New Jersey, and
+Connecticut. A teacher employed by the Library goes to homes and
+institutions in the City of New York to teach adult blind persons to
+read by touch. The room is open on week days from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m. A
+bronze tablet on the wall bears the following inscription:
+
+ THE NEW YORK
+ FREE CIRCULATING LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND
+ WAS FOUNDED BY RICHARD RANDALL FERRY
+
+ * * * * *
+
+ THROUGH THE EXERTIONS OF CLARA A. WILLIAMS
+ THIS LIBRARY WAS PERMANENTLY ESTABLISHED
+
+ INCORPORATED, JUNE 3, 1895
+ TRANSFERRED TO THE N. Y. PUBLIC LIBRARY, FEB. 21, 1903
+
+ TRUSTEES
+
+ WILLIAM B. WAIT
+ CLARA A. WILLIAMS
+ CLARK B. FERRY
+ RICHARD RANDALL FERRY
+ CHARLES W. WESTON
+
+The trustees named on the tablet are, of course, those of the former
+organization: the "New York Free Circulating Library for the Blind."
+
+
+SECOND FLOOR
+
+On the second floor a corridor runs along the front of the building,
+turning into short corridors at the north and south, and also into a
+central corridor. From these corridors open studies, offices and special
+reading rooms. In the central corridor, four studies open on the right,
+while the fifth room on this side is devoted to the:
+
+=Oriental Division= (No. 219), with a collection of about 20,000 books and
+pamphlets in Arabic, Persian, Turkish, Chinese, Japanese, and other
+eastern languages. Open 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. week days.
+
+=Jewish Division= (No. 217). Opposite the Oriental Division, on the south
+side of this central corridor, is the reading room devoted to the Jewish
+Division. There are about 24,000 books in the collection.
+
+=Slavonic Division.= The room devoted to the Slavonic Division (No. 216)
+is also on the south side of the central corridor. The resources of this
+Division, books and periodicals in the various Slavonic languages,
+number about 23,000.
+
+[Illustration: REAR OF LIBRARY FROM BRYANT PARK]
+
+=Science Division.= On the corridor parallel to Fifth Avenue, and leading
+north from the main staircase, the room on the right contains the
+Science Division (No. 225). There are about 35,000 books under the
+control of this Division.
+
+=Economics Division.= From the corridor on the northern or 42nd Street end
+of the building open the rooms devoted to Public Documents (No. 229) and
+Economics and Sociology. These were formerly separate divisions, but now
+united, and the entrance is through Room 229. The resources of the
+Division (including the large collection of Public Documents) number
+about 400,000 books and pamphlets.
+
+=Business Offices.= The rooms opening from the corridor running south from
+the main staircase are mostly business offices, devoted to the
+administration of the Library. They are of little interest to
+sightseers, but are open to any persons who have occasion to visit them.
+They include, on the front of the building, a lecture room (No. 213),
+the office of the Director of the Library (No. 210), and the meeting
+room of the Board of Trustees (No. 205). On the inner or western side of
+the corridor are: a study (No. 214), the office of the Editor of
+Publications (No. 212), and of the Reference Librarian (No. 211). The
+Trustees' Room may be seen on special application at the Director's
+office. Over the mantelpiece in this room is the inscription:
+
+ THE CITY OF NEW YORK HAS ERECTED THIS
+ BUILDING FOR THE FREE USE OF ALL THE PEOPLE
+ MCMX
+ I LOOK TO THE DIFFUSION OF LIGHT AND EDUCATION
+ AS THE RESOURCE MOST TO BE RELIED ON FOR
+ AMELIORATING THE CONDITION PROMOTING THE VIRTUE
+ AND ADVANCING THE HAPPINESS OF MAN
+
+ THOMAS JEFFERSON
+
+[Illustration: MALL BEHIND LIBRARY]
+
+On the corridor leading west, and running along the 40th Street end of
+the building, are workrooms, open only to visitors having business
+engagements. These rooms are the office of the Order Division (No. 204)
+and of the Cataloguing and Accessions Divisions (No. 200 and No. 201).
+
+[Illustration: SOUTH COURT]
+
+
+THIRD FLOOR
+
+The most important room on the third floor and, indeed, the centre of
+activity of the entire Reference Department of the Library, is the Main
+Reading Room, approached through the Public Catalogue Room. The latter
+opens from the western side of the corridor at the head of the
+staircases.
+
+=Public Catalogue Room.= This room (No. 315) contains the catalogue of the
+books in the Reference Department of the Library,--that is, the books
+available to readers in the Main Reading Room and in the special reading
+rooms of the Central Building. It is a dictionary catalogue, on cards,
+in which the books are entered by author, by subject, and by title, when
+the title is distinctive. The catalogue is in trays arranged in
+alphabetical order, beginning on the northwest wall of the room and
+running to the right. At the end of this catalogue, and on the southern
+side of the room, is an author catalogue of the books in the Central
+Circulation Branch and Central Children's Room, Rooms 78 and 80, in the
+basement. At the end of this second catalogue and separated from it by a
+public telephone, is a catalogue of the books in the Library of Congress
+for which printed catalogue cards have been issued.
+
+[Illustration: NORTHWEST CORNER]
+
+Near the entrance to the Public Catalogue Room, and at the right, is a
+bronze tablet:
+
+ BORN A.D. MDCCCXIII
+ (Bas-relief of Sir Isaac Pitman)
+ TABLET ERECTED A.D. MCMXIII
+ TO COMMEMORATE
+ THE
+ ONE HUNDREDTH ANNIVERSARY
+ OF THE BIRTH OF
+ SIR ISAAC PITMAN
+ AND IN RECOGNITION OF THE
+ IMPORTANT COLLECTION OF
+ SHORTHAND LITERATURE
+ IN THE
+ NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY
+
+Over the door leading from the Public Catalogue Room to the Main Reading
+Room is inscribed the famous quotation from Milton's "Areopagitica":
+
+ A good Booke
+ is the precious life-blood of a
+ master spirit, embalm'd and treasur'd
+ up on purpose to a life beyond life
+
+[Illustration: ENTRANCE LOBBY]
+
+=Information Desk.= The Information Desk of the Library is in the Public
+Catalogue Room, and here inquiries should be made about the resources
+and regulations of the Library, the use of the catalogue, and any other
+matter upon which the visitor may have a question to ask.
+
+=Application for books= to be used in the Main Reading Room should be made
+in the Public Catalogue Room. The applicant writes his request upon the
+slip furnished for the purpose, and files it at the desk in this room. A
+numbered ticket is handed him, which he takes into the Main Reading
+Room, going to the right if the ticket number is odd; to the left if the
+number is even. He then waits at the indicator at the western end of the
+delivery desk until the number on his ticket appears. This means that
+his books are ready for him at the desk. If, however, he prefers first
+to select a seat in the Main Reading Room, he should write the number of
+that seat on his application, and his books will be left at that seat,
+if he is there to receive them.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+=The Main Reading Room=, in the rear, extends nearly the entire length of
+the building. It has a floor area of half an acre, and is divided in the
+middle by a booth from which books are delivered. There are seats for
+768 readers. Mr. A. C. David, in the article previously quoted from the
+_Architectural Record_, says:
+
+ "The Main Reading Room is one of the most spacious rooms in the
+ world--beautifully proportioned, lighted by a series of windows on
+ both the long sides of the room, and entirely accessible to the
+ stacks. To have obtained a room of these dimensions, so excellently
+ adapted to its purpose in every respect, was a great triumph for
+ the architects."
+
+[Illustration: DOOR OF EXHIBITION ROOM]
+
+The shelves along the walls contain a collection of about
+25,000 volumes. These books are not only the usual works of
+reference,--dictionaries, encyclopaedias, and the like, but they also
+include a good working library of general literature,--philosophy,
+religion, science, history, law, biography, standard novels, poetry, and
+the drama. These books are for the free use of anyone in this room,
+without the need of making any application. The reader has only to
+select the book he wishes, and to take it to a table, where he may
+consult it. When he has finished he should leave it on the table, rather
+than attempt to return it to its place, since a misplaced book is
+temporarily lost.
+
+=The Library's Books.= It should be kept in mind that the books of the
+Reference Department are all in the Central Building, and must all be
+used in that building. The great body of them are in the stack beneath
+the Main Reading Room. In addition, there are the books in the Main
+Reading Room itself, and in the special reading rooms in other parts of
+the building. Books and pamphlets number, altogether, about one million
+and a quarter.
+
+[Illustration: ENTRANCE LOBBY, LOOKING WEST]
+
+The books in the Central Circulation Room and in the Children's Room in
+the basement, the books in the Library for the Blind, those in the
+Travelling Libraries office in the basement, and those in the
+forty-three Branch Libraries in other parts of the Boroughs of
+Manhattan, The Bronx, and Richmond are under control of the
+Circulation Department of the Library. Nearly all of these books are
+lent to borrowers for home use. They number about 1,100,000 volumes.
+
+[Illustration: SOUTH SIDE OF EXHIBITION ROOM]
+
+[Illustration: MAIN READING ROOM]
+
+In regard to the books in the Reference Department, it is correct to say
+that in them the Library owns a well-balanced collection for research in
+nearly every branch of human knowledge. The books formerly in the Astor
+and Lenox Libraries compose the foundation of the collection. The
+subjects most adequately represented are those of American history, of
+topics connected with the American continents, and the economic and
+social sciences. There are also extensive sets of public documents, of
+the publications of learned institutions, as well as comprehensive files
+of periodicals. In recent years not so much attempt has been made to get
+publications on law, theology, medicine and biology, since there are
+special libraries, elsewhere in the City, where these subjects are
+covered. The reader is nevertheless sure to find in the special reading
+rooms, and in the books which may be brought to the Main Reading Room
+for his use, the fundamental printed sources in practically every field
+of knowledge.
+
+[Illustration: PANEL IN CEILING, EXHIBITION ROOM]
+
+[Illustration: DOOR IN SCREEN
+
+MAIN READING ROOM]
+
+=Use of Books.= The Library's situation in the metropolis, and its freedom
+from restrictions (according to the custom of American libraries) have
+caused the use of its books to become two or three times greater than
+that of any of the other large libraries of the world; the average daily
+number of readers is more than double the number in any foreign library.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+=Stack.= Underneath the Main Reading Room is the steel stack, in seven
+decks, containing 334,500 feet, or 63.3 miles, of shelving. It has room
+for about 2,500,000 books. (The special reading rooms have a shelf
+capacity for about 500,000 books.) The books in the stack are brought by
+electric elevators to the Main Reading Room, as they are called for by
+readers. The stack is not open to readers or visitors.
+
+=Genealogy Room.= At the northern end of the Main Reading Room is the room
+devoted to Local History and Genealogy (No. 328). The collection numbers
+about thirty thousand volumes.
+
+[Illustration: PART OF MAIN READING ROOM]
+
+=American History Division.= At the southern end of the Main Reading Room
+is the room devoted to American history (No. 300). It is one of the
+strongest divisions of the Library, since its books are so
+distinguished among collections of this kind as to make them of the
+greatest importance to students and scholars in the field of American
+history. The foundation of this collection was formed by the books on
+American history owned by James Lenox, the founder of the Lenox Library,
+one of the components of the present New York Public Library. The tablet
+in the floor near the entrance of Room 300 is inscribed as follows:
+
+ IN MEMORY OF
+ JAMES LENOX
+ A NATIVE AND RESIDENT OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK
+ BORN AUGUST 19 1800
+ DIED FEBRUARY 17 1880
+ THE TRUSTEES OF
+ THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY
+ ASTOR LENOX AND TILDEN FOUNDATIONS
+ IN PERFORMANCE OF A GRATEFUL DUTY
+ HAVE CAUSED THIS TABLET TO BE PLACED
+ HERE AMONG THE BOOKS HE CHERISHED
+ AS A MEMORIAL OF HIS SERVICES
+ TO THE HISTORY OF AMERICA
+
+From the corridors on the front and sides of the third floor, rooms open
+in the following order, beginning with the corridor at the south,
+running along the 40th Street side of the building:
+
+=Reserve Books= (No. 303): In this room are kept the rare and reserved
+books of the Library.
+
+Among the foremost treasures of the Library are: the Gutenberg Bible
+(printed by Gutenberg and Fust about 1455, one of the earliest books
+printed from movable types); the Coverdale Bible (1535); Tyndale's
+Pentateuch (1530) and New Testament (1536); and Eliot's Indian Bible. In
+fact, the collection of early Bibles in English is one of the great
+collections of the kind in existence. The Library also owns four copies
+of the First Folio Shakespeare (1623); several copies of the Second,
+Third, and Fourth Folios (1632, 1663-64, 1685); thirty-five editions of
+the Shakespeare Quartos, before 1709; eight works printed by William
+Caxton (1475-90); the Bay Psalm Book, the first book printed in the
+territory now comprised in the United States (Cambridge, 1640); and the
+Doctrina Christiana, printed in Mexico in 1544.
+
+[Illustration: BOOK STACK
+
+(SHOWING HALF THE LENGTH OF ONE DECK)]
+
+One contribution to the Library has been commemorated by a tablet near
+the door of this room. It bears the inscription:
+
+ THE
+ BAILEY MYERS COLLECTION
+ OF
+ AMERICANA
+ FORMED BY
+ THEODORUS BAILEY MYERS
+ OF
+ NEW YORK CITY
+ 1821-1888
+ GIVEN BY HIS WIDOW, DAUGHTER
+ AND DAUGHTER-IN-LAW AS A
+ MEMORIAL OF HIM AND HIS SON
+ THEODORUS BAILEY MYERS MASON
+ LIEUTENANT COMMANDER
+ UNITED STATES NAVY
+
+Opposite, in Room 304, is the office of the Bibliographer of the
+Library, and of the Chief of the American History Division.
+
+=Prints Room.= Opening from the corridor on the east (the front) of the
+Library is the Prints Room (No. 308). Open 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. week days;
+1 to 6 p. m. Sundays. Here is the Samuel P. Avery Collection of 18,000
+prints. They are mainly French and other modern etchings and
+lithographs. There is also a large collection of modern American prints,
+a collection of Japanese prints in color, and a collection of old prints
+illustrating the development of reproductive graphic art to the present
+day.
+
+=Art and Architecture.= Room 313 is the reading room devoted to Art and
+Architecture. The resources of the collection, about 25,000 books, deal
+with art and craftsmanship in the widest sense.
+
+[Illustration: TRUSTEES' ROOM]
+
+=Map Room.= On the inner, or western, side of this corridor, opposite Room
+313, is the Map Room (No. 312), a part of the American History Division.
+Open 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. on week days.
+
+=Stuart Gallery.= Opening from the corridor on the front of the building,
+and directly opposite the entrance to the Public Catalogue Room, is the
+room devoted to the Stuart Collection (No. 316). Open 9 a. m. to 6 p. m.
+on week days. Closed on Sundays. This contains pictures, books, and
+other objects of art bequeathed by Mrs. Robert L. Stuart. On the east
+wall of the Gallery is a tablet with this inscription:
+
+ THE
+ ROBERT L. STUART
+ COLLECTION
+ THE GIFT OF HIS WIDOW,
+ MRS. MARY STUART.
+ BEQUEATHED TO THE
+ LENOX LIBRARY
+ 1892.
+
+Catalogues of the paintings are on sale for ten cents.
+
+=General Gallery.= The next room to the north is the general gallery (No.
+318). (Sign reads "Picture Gallery.") The pictures in this room are
+largely from the collection of James Lenox. The catalogue, mentioned in
+the preceding paragraph, gives a list of them, and a brief description
+of many. Open 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. week days and 1 to 5 p. m. Sundays.
+
+=Prints Gallery.= Opening from No. 318, and also from the north end of the
+front corridor, is the Prints Gallery (No. 321). Here are held
+exhibitions of prints, changed several times each year. Open 9 a. m. to
+6 p. m. on week days and 1 to 5 p. m. Sundays.
+
+=Manuscript Division.= On the west or inner side of the front corridor is
+the research room of the Manuscript Division (No. 319). This is open
+only to those who hold cards signed by the Director of the Library. Open
+9 a. m. to 6 p. m. week days. The Division has a good selection of
+Oriental manuscripts, and of European illuminated manuscripts. Among
+these older ones may be mentioned an "Evangelistarium, sive Lectiones ex
+Evangeliis," a French-Carlovingian manuscript on 200 vellum leaves, date
+about 870 A. D. Another manuscript of special note is the work of Giulio
+Clovio, his "Christi Vita ab Evangelistis descripta," sometimes called
+"The Towneley Lectionary." It was made for Alexander, Cardinal Farnese,
+and was presented by him to Pope Paul III.
+
+[Illustration: ONE OF THE SPECIAL READING ROOMS
+
+(GENEALOGY AND LOCAL HISTORY)]
+
+The collection of American historical manuscripts ranks as one of the
+best in the United States. Here, for example, is the original manuscript
+of Washington's "Farewell Address," a copy of the Declaration of
+Independence in Jefferson's autograph, and many other letters and
+original sources for research. Lists of the principal manuscripts have
+been printed in the Bulletin of The New York Public Library (Volume 5,
+page 306-336, and volume 19, page 135-162).
+
+=Music Division.= Turning to the west, the corridor along the 42nd Street
+side of the building leads to the Music Division (No. 324), which opens
+from the north side of the corridor. It is open week days from 9 a. m.
+to 6 p. m. The resources of the Division number about twenty-two
+thousand volumes and pieces of music.
+
+A tablet at the north end of the room bears this inscription:
+
+ DREXEL MUSICAL LIBRARY.
+ THE LEGACY OF JOSEPH W. DREXEL 1888.
+
+On the east wall is a tablet reading as follows:
+
+ IN MEMORY OF
+ 1855 JULIAN EDWARDS 1910
+ WHOSE COLLECTION OF MUSIC SCORES
+ AND BOOKS WAS GIVEN TO THIS LIBRARY
+
+
+BASEMENT
+
+The basement contains three rooms of public interest. The entrance from
+42nd Street is the most convenient way to reach these rooms from the
+outside of the building, but a visitor on one of the upper floors should
+take the elevator or the staircase, both near the north end of the
+building.
+
+[Illustration: CENTRAL CIRCULATION ROOM]
+
+=Newspaper Room.= In the Newspaper Room (No. 84) about sixty daily
+newspapers are on racks for free use, without the need of any
+application. About twenty-five foreign newspapers are obtainable upon
+application at the desk. A bulletin board at the right of the entrance
+gives full information about these and other resources of the Newspaper
+Room.
+
+On the western side of the entrance corridor, near the door of the
+Circulating Library, is a bronze tablet with the following inscription:
+
+ [Seal of The New York Public Library]
+
+ THIS BUILDING IS ERECTED
+ UPON A PART OF THE COMMON LANDS
+ WHICH WERE GRANTED BY ROYAL CHARTER
+ TO THE MAYOR ALDERMEN AND COMMONALTY
+ OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK
+ IN 1686,
+ THE SECOND YEAR OF THE REIGN OF JAMES THE SECOND
+ KING OF ENGLAND.
+
+ THE CITY OF NEW YORK IN 1897,
+ WILLIAM L. STRONG BEING MAYOR,
+ UNDERTOOK TO CONSTRUCT,
+ AT THE PUBLIC EXPENSE,
+ A BUILDING UPON THIS SITE
+ TO BE USED AND OCCUPIED BY
+ THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY,
+ ASTOR, LENOX AND TILDEN FOUNDATIONS
+ SO LONG AS IT SHOULD MAINTAIN HEREIN
+ A FREE LIBRARY AND READING ROOM FOR THE PEOPLE.
+
+ WORK WAS BEGUN BY THE CITY IN 1899,
+ ROBERT ANDERSON VAN WYCK BEING MAYOR.
+ THE CORNERSTONE WAS LAID IN 1902,
+ SETH LOW BEING MAYOR.
+ THE BUILDING WAS COMPLETED IN 1909,
+ GEORGE BRINTON McCLELLAN BEING MAYOR.
+ IT WAS OCCUPIED AND OPENED TO THE PUBLIC IN 1911
+ WILLIAM JAY GAYNOR BEING MAYOR.
+
+[Illustration: NORTH STAIRCASE]
+
+=Central Circulation Branch= (sign over door reads, "Circulating Library")
+(No. 80). This is one of the forty-four Branches of The New York Public
+Library, intended for the circulation of books for home use. In this
+instance alone the Branch is situated in the Central Building and is
+supported by the funds of the Library and not by the City. The room is
+interesting because of its activity. The view of it reproduced in this
+book had to be taken when but few people were there, but during
+afternoons and evenings, especially in the autumn, winter, and spring
+months, the room is frequently over-crowded with readers and borrowers
+of books. As over 500,000 books were borrowed from this one room during
+1915 it may be said that there are few, if any, busier library rooms in
+the country, or, indeed, in the world. There is a collection of over
+50,000 books, with a reserve collection of somewhat more than 70,000.
+The room is open 9 a. m. to 10 p. m. week days, including all holidays,
+and 2 to 6 p. m. on Sundays.
+
+=Children's Room.= Near the 42nd Street entrance a corridor runs east to
+the Children's Room (No. 78). The visitor to the building should not
+fail to see this room, with its attractive furnishings, its collections
+of brightly colored picture-books, and pictures.
+
+The object of the room is not only to perform the usual work of a
+children's room, but also to interest and help parents and others in
+selecting children's reading. Authors, artists, and publishers come here
+for information about books for children. Another purpose is to furnish
+suggestions for similar rooms elsewhere. A number of libraries, in other
+parts of the world, have adopted suggestions which they found here.
+Exhibitions on various subjects are held from time to time, and there is
+a collection of children's books of the old-fashioned kind. Open 9 a. m.
+to 6 p. m. week days.
+
+[Illustration: CHILDREN'S ROOM]
+
+=Library School.= Here a two years' course in training for library work is
+given to a body of students averaging about seventy-five in number. The
+office of the School (where inquiries should be made) is in Room 75,
+on the inner or western side of the corridor which runs along the front
+of the building, parallel to Fifth Avenue. The Library School class
+room, not open to the public, is on the other side of the corridor.
+
+=Public Telephones.= The public telephones are in Room 70, on the inner or
+western side of the front corridor.
+
+=Business Offices.= The rest of the basement floor is occupied by offices,
+open only to those who have business engagements therein. The offices
+include that for Printing and Binding (No. 58), and the Shipping Room
+(No. 51). In the Printing Office the catalogue cards of the Library,
+printed forms, and all the Library's publications are printed. For the
+publications, see page 78.
+
+=Travelling Libraries Office.= The entrance to the Travelling Libraries
+office is from Bryant Park, at the southwest corner of the building. The
+office itself is not of interest to sightseers. As it is under control
+of the Circulation Department, its work is described on page 59.
+
+FOOTNOTE:
+
+[Footnote 1: September, 1910.]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+THE CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT
+
+
+ BRANCH LIBRARIES--HOURS OF OPENING: CENTRAL CIRCULATION open 9 a.
+ m. to 10 p. m. every week day, 2 to 6 p. m. on Sundays. CHILDREN'S
+ ROOM 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. on week days. LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND,
+ TRAVELLING LIBRARIES, and OFFICES open 9 a. m. to 5 p. m. on week
+ days.
+
+OTHER BRANCHES, 9 a. m. to 9 p. m. on week days. Exceptions as follows:
+CENTRAL CIRCULATION and branches in Carnegie buildings open full hours
+on all holidays; other branches closed on January 1, May 30, July 4,
+December 25, presidential election day, and Thanksgiving; after 6 p. m.
+on February 22 and Christmas eve; after 5 p. m. on election days other
+than presidential elections.
+
+
+
+
+CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT
+
+
+The Circulation Department of the Library performs its work through
+forty-four Branch Libraries in the Boroughs of Manhattan, Richmond
+(Staten Island), and The Bronx. (Each of the other two Boroughs of
+Greater New York, Brooklyn and Queens, has its own Public Library.)
+These Branches are in separate buildings, with the exception of the
+Circulation Branch in the Central Building. That is supported by the
+funds of the Library; all the others are maintained by the City.
+Thirty-seven of the Branch buildings were erected from funds given by
+Mr. Andrew Carnegie. The collections of books in the Branches number
+from ten to fifty thousand, with a total of about 1,100,000 books.
+
+Each Branch has an adult department, with its collection of books for
+adult readers, a children's room, and a reading room with current
+magazines, reference books, and, in many cases, daily newspapers. Many
+of the Branches contain lecture or assembly rooms.
+
+These Branch Libraries serve a population estimated at above three
+million. The Branches are spread over a large territory, and from the
+northernmost of them, in the Borough of The Bronx, to the one farthest
+south, on Staten Island, the distance is about forty miles. A directory
+of Branches is on page 77.
+
+=Circulation of Books.= The New York Public Library, according to the
+general custom of American libraries, imposes few restrictions upon its
+readers. This fact, together with its situation in the metropolis of
+the country, is the reason why it is probably used more than any other
+library under one management in the world. The use is constantly
+growing. In 1915 there were borrowed from the Branch Libraries, for home
+use, 10,384,579 books.
+
+[Illustration: SEWARD PARK BRANCH]
+
+=Special Collections.= There are books in foreign languages, especially
+French and German, in all the Branches. The principal collections of
+books in foreign tongues other than French and German, are these:
+
+ _Language Branch_
+
+ Bohemian Webster.
+ Chinese Chatham Square.
+ Danish Tottenville, 125th Street.
+ Dutch Muhlenberg.
+ Finnish 125th Street.
+ Flemish Muhlenberg.
+ Greek (Modern) Chatham Square.
+ Hebrew Seward Park, Aguilar.
+ Hungarian Tompkins Square, Hamilton Fish Park,
+ Yorkville, Woodstock.
+ Italian Hudson Park, Aguilar, Bond Street.
+ Norwegian Tottenville.
+ Polish Rivington Street, Tompkins Square,
+ Columbus, Melrose.
+ Roumanian Rivington Street.
+ Russian Seward Park, Rivington Street, Hamilton
+ Fish Park, 96th Street, Chatham
+ Square.
+ Slovak Webster.
+ Spanish Jackson Square.
+ Swedish 125th Street, 58th Street.
+ Servian Muhlenberg.
+ Yiddish Rivington Street, Seward Park, Hamilton
+ Fish Park, Aguilar, Tremont.
+
+=Interbranch Loan.= A book in any one of the Branches is available to a
+reader at any other Branch through a system of interbranch loans.
+
+=Reading Rooms.= The total attendance in the adult reading rooms in the
+Branch Libraries, during 1915, was 1,224,526. The greatest use of
+reading rooms is at two of the Branches on the lower East Side.
+
+[Illustration: ADULTS' ROOM--58th STREET BRANCH]
+
+=Library for the Blind.= The Library for the Blind, although under control
+of the Circulation Department, has its headquarters and reading room in
+the Central Building. Its work has been described on page 22.
+
+[Illustration: MOTT HAVEN BRANCH]
+
+=Travelling Libraries.= From the office of the Travelling Libraries, in
+the Central Building, collections of books are sent to communities and
+homes in outlying districts of the city; to churches, Sunday schools,
+settlements, clubs, stores, factories,--in fact, to any community or
+institution not readily served by a Branch Library. There are about 800
+stations with Travelling Libraries. The circulation through these
+agencies, in 1915, numbered 962,355 books. Travelling Library stations
+are established in mercantile houses, in Fire and Police stations, fire
+boats, Federal, State, and City Department offices, armories, ships of
+the coast guard, vacation playgrounds, and summer camps. Books are sent
+in this manner to prisons, workhouses, elementary and high schools,
+hospitals, and army posts in New York City.
+
+[Illustration: BOND STREET BRANCH
+
+(THE OLDEST BRANCH)]
+
+[Illustration: TRAVELLING LIBRARY IN A MERCANTILE HOUSE]
+
+=Work with Children.= The work with children comprises a great deal
+besides the maintenance of children's rooms and the circulation of
+children's books. In 1915, the total circulation of books to children,
+including the figures recorded by the juvenile work of the Travelling
+Libraries, was 4,415,794, or forty-two per cent. of the total
+circulation of the Library. The Library works with the schools and
+museums. It holds special exhibitions, meetings, and celebrations of
+interest to children and to parents. Between fifty and sixty reading
+clubs for the older boys and girls meet at the Branch Libraries. Groups
+of children gather in the Branches from November to May, to attend
+"story hours."
+
+=Lectures and meetings.= The Branches are used as meeting places by
+literary, educational and social organizations and clubs. Assembly rooms
+in the Branches are open for any meeting of an instructive or literary
+nature, provided that no admission fee is charged, and that nothing of a
+political or sectarian character is discussed. Many classes of
+foreigners learning English meet regularly in the Branch Libraries.
+
+[Illustration: AT A STORY HOUR]
+
+
+
+
+HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE LIBRARY
+
+
+The New York Public Library, as it exists to-day, is the result of the
+generosity of a few private citizens, combined with the efforts of the
+City itself. Its corporate existence, in its present form, began on May
+23, 1895, by the consolidation of: "The Trustees of the Astor Library,"
+"The Trustees of the Lenox Library," and "The Tilden Trust."
+
+[Illustration: LIBRARY'S INSTRUCTOR TEACHING THE BLIND TO READ]
+
+[Illustration: READING WITH THE FINGERS IN THE LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND]
+
+=The Astor Library=, originally incorporated in 1849, was founded by John
+Jacob Astor. His gifts, together with those of his sons and grandsons,
+amounted to about $1,700,000. Washington Irving was the first
+President of the Library, and Joseph Green Cogswell its first
+Superintendent, or Librarian. In its building on Lafayette Place (now
+Lafayette Street) it was for many years one of the literary landmarks of
+New York. At the time of its consolidation with The New York Public
+Library it had an endowment fund of about $941,000, which produced an
+annual income of about $47,000. It contained then 266,147 volumes. It
+was solely a reference library,--the funds were given with the
+understanding that the books should not be lent for use outside the
+building.
+
+[Illustration: SUMMER AFTERNOON STORY HOUR]
+
+[Illustration: CORNER OF CHILDREN'S READING ROOM, HARLEM LIBRARY
+BRANCH]
+
+=The Lenox Library.= James Lenox, one of America's greatest book
+collectors, was born in New York City in 1800 and died there in 1880. In
+1870, by the incorporation of the Lenox Library, he gave to the city of
+his birth his books and art treasures. The building, which formerly
+stood on Fifth Avenue between 70th and 71st Streets, was erected for the
+Library and opened to the public, a part at a time, beginning in 1876.
+At the time of consolidation the Library owned its building, an
+endowment fund of $505,500, which yielded an annual income of about
+$20,500; and about 86,000 volumes. This also was a reference library,
+not a circulating library.
+
+[Illustration: VISIT OF A CLASS FROM A PUBLIC SCHOOL]
+
+=The Tilden Trust.= Samuel Jones Tilden was born in New Lebanon, New York,
+in 1814. He died in New York City in 1886. By the final settlement of
+his estate the City received his private library and an endowment fund
+of about $2,000,000, for library purposes.
+
+[Illustration: TRAVELLING LIBRARY IN A FACTORY]
+
+=Consolidation.= In the agreement for consolidation it was provided that
+the name of the new corporation should be "The New York Public Library,
+Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations"; that the number of its trustees
+should be twenty-one, to be selected from the thirty-three members of
+the separate boards; and that "the said new corporation shall establish
+and maintain a free public library and reading room in the City of New
+York, with such branches as may be deemed advisable, and shall continue
+and promote the several objects and purposes set forth in the respective
+acts of incorporation of 'The Trustees of the Astor Library,' 'The
+Trustees of the Lenox Library,' and 'The Tilden Trust.'"
+
+[Illustration: TRAVELLING LIBRARY IN FIRE-ENGINE HOUSE]
+
+[Illustration: ROOF READING ROOM, SEWARD PARK BRANCH]
+
+Later, another member was added to the Board of Trustees, and three
+municipal officials were made members _ex officio_.
+
+The first Director of The New York Public Library was Dr. John Shaw
+Billings, who served from 1896 until his death in 1913. He rendered
+distinguished services, especially in the organization of the new
+Library and in the arrangement of the Central Building.
+
+=New York Free Circulating Library.= In 1901 the New York Free Circulating
+Library was consolidated with the new system. This Library had then
+eleven Branches and owned about 160,000 volumes.
+
+=Other Circulating Libraries.= In 1901, the St. Agnes Free Library and the
+Washington Heights Free Library were also added to the system. The New
+York Free Circulating Library for the Blind and the Aguilar Free
+Library, with four Branches, were added in 1903. In 1904, the Harlem
+Free Library, Tottenville Free Library, the University Settlement
+Library at Rivington and Eldridge Streets, and the Webster Free Library
+followed. Also in 1904 the five Branches of the Cathedral Free
+Circulating Library became part of the new corporation.
+
+=Carnegie Branches.= In 1901 Mr. Andrew Carnegie offered Greater New York
+$5,200,000 for the construction and equipment of free circulating
+libraries, on condition that the City provide the land and agree to
+maintain the libraries when built. The offer was accepted, and
+thirty-seven Branch Libraries are now housed in buildings erected with
+that part of Mr. Carnegie's gift assigned to The New York Public
+Library. A directory of all the Branch Libraries may be found on page
+77.
+
+=Management.= The corporation is managed by a Board of twenty-five
+Trustees, including the Mayor, Comptroller, and President of the Board
+of Aldermen _ex officio_. The names of the Trustees are given on page
+76. The Trustees hold office continuously, and vacancies are filled by
+vote of the remaining Trustees. No Trustee receives any compensation for
+his services. The immediate management of the Library is entrusted to
+the Director. The Staff numbers between twelve and thirteen hundred
+persons, including those in the Central Building and in the Branches. As
+the buildings are open between twelve and thirteen hours a day the Staff
+works in two shifts. Somewhat less than half of the Staff are employed
+in the Central Building.
+
+[Illustration: BOYS' CLUB; YORKVILLE BRANCH]
+
+=Benefactors.= A complete list of the Library's benefactors, besides the
+three founders, can more appropriately be given elsewhere. In addition
+to Mr. Carnegie's gift, one bequest should be noted here: that of John
+S. Kennedy, who in 1909 left about $3,000,000 to the Library, without
+conditions.
+
+=Work of the Library.= This historical sketch may help to make clear the
+organization and work of the Library as it is carried on to-day. It is a
+free reference library combined with a free circulating library. The
+books in the Reference Department (in the Central Building) which came
+from either the Astor or the Lenox Libraries, and those which have been
+added since the consolidation, from the endowments of those Libraries,
+must necessarily be for reference use only. The Astor and Lenox
+Foundations give the Trustees of The New York Public Library no option
+in this matter. About one million books in the Circulation Department
+(the Branch Libraries) are lent for home use.
+
+[Illustration: KINGSBRIDGE BRANCH]
+
+[Illustration: FLOOR PLANS, CENTRAL BUILDING]
+
+[Illustration: FLOOR PLANS, CENTRAL BUILDING]
+
+
+
+
+TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS OF THE LIBRARY
+
+
+ WILLIAM W. APPLETON
+ ANDREW CARNEGIE
+ CLEVELAND H. DODGE
+ JOHN MURPHY FARLEY
+ SAMUEL GREENBAUM
+ FREDERIC R. HALSEY
+ JOHN HENRY HAMMOND
+ LEWIS CASS LEDYARD
+ J. P. MORGAN
+ MORGAN J. O'BRIEN
+ STEPHEN H. OLIN
+ HENRY FAIRFIELD OSBORN
+ WILLIAM BARCLAY PARSONS
+ GEORGE L. RIVES
+ ELIHU ROOT
+ CHARLES HOWLAND RUSSELL
+ EDWARD W. SHELDON
+ GEORGE W. SMITH
+ I. N. PHELPS STOKES
+ FREDERICK STURGES
+ HENRY W. TAFT
+ PAYNE WHITNEY
+
+ JOHN PURROY MITCHEL, Mayor of the City of New York, _ex officio_
+
+ WILLIAM A. PRENDERGAST,
+ Comptroller of the City of New York, _ex officio_
+
+ FRANK L. DOWLING, President of the Board of Aldermen, _ex officio_
+
+
+OFFICERS
+
+ _President_, GEORGE L. RIVES
+ _First Vice-President_, LEWIS CASS LEDYARD
+ _Second Vice-President_, ELIHU ROOT
+ _Secretary_, CHARLES HOWLAND RUSSELL
+ _Treasurer_, EDWARD W. SHELDON
+ _Director of the Library_, EDWIN H. ANDERSON
+
+ _Chief Reference Librarian_, H. M. LYDENBERG
+ _Chief of the Circulation Department_, BENJAMIN ADAMS
+
+
+
+
+BRANCH LIBRARIES
+
+
+With the exception of the Central Building, the names of the Branches in
+Manhattan and The Bronx are arranged as they are situated, from south to
+north.
+
+Names marked with a star (*) are of Branches occupying Carnegie
+buildings.
+
+MANHATTAN
+
+ CENTRAL BUILDING. Fifth Avenue and 42nd Street
+ CENTRAL CIRCULATION
+ CHILDREN'S ROOM
+ LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND
+ TRAVELLING LIBRARIES
+ CHATHAM SQUARE.* 33 East Broadway
+ SEWARD PARK.* 192 East Broadway
+ RIVINGTON STREET,* 61
+ HAMILTON FISH PARK.* 388 East Houston Street
+ HUDSON PARK.* 66 Leroy Street
+ BOND STREET, 49. Near the Bowery
+ OTTENDORFER. 135 Second Avenue. Near 8th Street
+ TOMPKINS SQUARE.* 331 East 10th Street
+ JACKSON SQUARE. 251 West 13th Street
+ EPIPHANY.* 228 East 23rd Street
+ MUHLENBERG.* 209 West 23rd Street
+ ST. GABRIEL'S PARK.* 303 East 36th Street
+ 40TH STREET,* 457 West
+ CATHEDRAL. 123 East 50th Street
+ COLUMBUS.* 742 Tenth Avenue. Near 51st Street
+ 58TH STREET,* 121 East
+ 67TH STREET,* 328 East
+ RIVERSIDE.* 190 Amsterdam Avenue. Near 69th Street
+ WEBSTER.* 1465 Avenue A. Near 78th Street
+ YORKVILLE.* 222 East 79th Street
+ ST. AGNES.* 444 Amsterdam Avenue. Near 81st Street
+ 96TH STREET,* 112 East
+ BLOOMINGDALE. 206 West 100th Street
+ AGUILAR.* 174 East 110th Street
+ 115TH STREET,* 203 West
+ HARLEM LIBRARY.* 9 West 124th Street
+ 125TH STREET,* 224 East
+ GEORGE BRUCE. 78 Manhattan Street
+ 135TH STREET,* 103 West
+ HAMILTON GRANGE.* 503 West 145th Street
+ WASHINGTON HEIGHTS.* 1000 St. Nicholas Ave. Cor. of 160th St.
+ FORT WASHINGTON.* 535 West 179th Street
+
+
+THE BRONX
+
+ MOTT HAVEN.* 321 East 140th Street
+ WOODSTOCK.* 759 East 160th Street
+ MELROSE.* 910 Morris Avenue. Corner of 162nd Street.
+ HIGH BRIDGE.* 78 West 168th Street
+ MORRISANIA.* 610 East 169th Street
+ TREMONT.* 1866 Washington Avenue. Corner of 176th Street
+ KINGSBRIDGE.* 3041 Kingsbridge Avenue. Near 230th Street
+
+
+RICHMOND (STATEN ISLAND)
+
+ ST. GEORGE.* 5 Central Avenue. Tompkinsville P. O.
+ PORT RICHMOND.* 75 Bennett Street
+ STAPLETON.* 132 Canal Street
+ TOTTENVILLE.* 7430 Amboy Road
+
+
+
+
+PUBLICATIONS OF THE LIBRARY
+
+
+A reader of this Handbook may wish to know about some other sources of
+information concerning the Library. For that reason a few of its
+publications are named here. They may be consulted in the Central
+Building or any of the Branches.
+
+=Annual Report= of The New York Public Library. (A limited number are sent
+to institutions or private persons upon request.)
+
+=Bulletin= of The New York Public Library. Published monthly. Chiefly
+devoted to the Reference Department. Bibliography, news of the Library,
+reprints of manuscripts, descriptions of new accessions. One dollar a
+year; current single numbers for ten cents. Back numbers at advanced
+rates.
+
+=Branch Library News.= Monthly publication of the Circulation Department.
+Lists of new books, reading lists, articles about books, etc. Given free
+at the Branches. By mail free to libraries and other public
+institutions. Otherwise, twenty-five cents a year.
+
+=Facts for the Public.= A small pamphlet of general information about the
+Library. Much of its contents is also contained in this Handbook. Given
+free.
+
+=Central Building Guide.= A small pamphlet. Price five cents.
+
+
+
+
+THE CROTON RESERVOIR
+
+
+As the Central Building of the Library stands on part of the site of the
+old Croton Reservoir, it is fitting to reprint here the inscriptions on
+two tablets which were formerly affixed to the Reservoir.
+
+One tablet is now on the first floor of the Central Building, on the
+wall of the south or 40th Street corridor. The inscription is:
+
+ HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE ACCOUNT
+ OF THE CROTON AQUEDUCT
+
+ The Law authorizing the construction of the work, passed May
+ 2nd, 1834.
+
+ STEPHEN ALLEN, WILLIAM W. FOX, SAUL ALLEY,
+ CHARLES DUSENBERRY and BENJAMIN M. BROWN were appointed
+ _Commissioners_.
+
+ During the year 1834, two surveys were made--one by DAVID
+ B. DOUGLASS and the other by JOHN MARTINEAU.
+
+ In April, 1835, a majority of the Electors of the City voted in
+ favour of constructing the Aqueduct.
+
+ On the 7th May following, the _Common Council_ "instructed the
+ Commissioners to proceed with the work."
+
+ DAVID B. DOUGLASS was employed as _Chief Engineer_ until
+ October, 1836; when he was succeeded by JOHN B. JERVIS.
+
+ In March, 1837, BENJAMIN M. BROWN resigned, and was succeeded
+ by THOMAS T. WOODRUFF.
+
+ In March, 1840, the before mentioned Commissioners were succeeded
+ by SAMUEL STEVENS, JOHN D. WARD, ZEBEDEE RING,
+ BENJAMIN BIRDSALL and SAMUEL R. CHILDS.
+
+ The work was commenced in May, 1837. On the 22nd June, 1842,
+ the Aqueduct was so far completed that it received the Water from the
+ Croton River Lake; on the 27th the Water entered the Receiving Reservoir
+ and was admitted into this Reservoir on the succeeding 4th of July.
+
+ The DAM at the Croton River is 40 feet high, and the overfall
+ 251 feet in length.
+
+ The CROTON RIVER LAKE is five miles long, and covers an
+ area of 400 acres.
+
+ The AQUEDUCT, from the DAM to this Reservoir, is 40-1/2 miles
+ long, and will deliver in twenty-four hours 60,000,000 imperial gallons.
+
+ The capacity of the Receiving Reservoir is 150,000,000 gallons,
+ and of this reservoir 20,000,000.
+
+ The cost, to and including this Reservoir, nearly $9,000,000.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+In the pavement of the south court is a tablet with this inscription:
+
+CROTON AQUEDUCT.
+
+DISTRIBUTING RESERVOIR.
+
+COMMISSIONERS.
+
+ SAMUEL STEVENS
+ ZEBEDEE RING
+ JOHN D. WARD
+ BENJ^n BIRDSALL
+ SAMUEL R. CHILDS
+
+ENGINEERS.
+
+ JOHN B. JERVIS. CHIEF.
+ H^o ALLEN, PRIN^l ASSIST.
+ P. HASTIE, RESIDENT.
+
+BUILDERS.
+
+ THOMSON PRICE & SON.
+
+COMMENCED A. D. MDCCCXXXVIII.
+
+COMPLETED A. D. MDCCCXLII.
+
+
+
+
+ TWENTY-FIVE THOUSAND COPIES
+ OF THIS FIRST EDITION OF THE
+ HANDBOOK WERE PRINTED AT
+ THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY
+ IN JUNE 1916
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Handbook of The New York Public Library, by
+New York Public Library
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HANDBOOK--NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY ***
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