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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Handbook of The New York Public Library, by 
+New York Public Library
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Handbook of The New York Public Library
+
+Author: New York Public Library
+
+Release Date: January 31, 2009 [EBook #27954]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HANDBOOK--NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Carla Foust, and The Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was
+produced from images generously made available by The
+Internet Archive/American Libraries.)
+
+
+
+
+
+Transcriber's note
+
+
+Minor punctuation errors have been changed without notice.
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration: CENTRAL BUILDING
+
+THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY]
+
+
+
+
+   HANDBOOK
+
+   _of_
+
+   THE NEW YORK PUBLIC
+   LIBRARY
+
+   1916
+
+
+
+
+   Copyright, 1916, by
+   THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+
+   THE CENTRAL BUILDING:                        PAGE
+
+     EXTERIOR                                      7
+
+     SCULPTURE                                    13
+
+     THE REAR OF THE BUILDING                     15
+
+
+   FIRST FLOOR
+
+     ENTRANCES                                    17
+
+     ELEVATORS                                    19
+
+     EXHIBITION ROOM                              19
+
+     CURRENT PERIODICALS ROOM                     19
+
+     BUSINESS OFFICES                             21
+
+     TECHNOLOGY DIVISION                          21
+
+     PATENTS ROOM                                 22
+
+     THE LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND                    22
+
+
+   SECOND FLOOR
+
+     ORIENTAL DIVISION                            23
+
+     JEWISH DIVISION                              23
+
+     SLAVONIC DIVISION                            23
+
+     SCIENCE DIVISION                             25
+
+     ECONOMICS DIVISION                           25
+
+     BUSINESS OFFICES                             25
+
+
+   THIRD FLOOR
+
+     PUBLIC CATALOGUE ROOM                        27
+
+     INFORMATION DESK                             31
+
+     APPLICATION FOR BOOKS                        31
+
+     THE MAIN READING ROOM                        31
+
+     THE LIBRARY'S BOOKS                          33
+
+     USE OF BOOKS                                 39
+
+     STACK                                        39
+
+     GENEALOGY ROOM                               39
+
+     AMERICAN HISTORY DIVISION                    39
+
+     RESERVE BOOKS                                41
+
+     PRINTS ROOM                                  43
+
+     ART AND ARCHITECTURE                         43
+
+     MAP ROOM                                     45
+
+     STUART GALLERY                               45
+
+     GENERAL GALLERY                              45
+
+     PRINTS GALLERY                               45
+
+     MANUSCRIPT DIVISION                          46
+
+     MUSIC DIVISION                               47
+
+
+   BASEMENT
+
+     NEWSPAPER ROOM                               47
+
+     CENTRAL CIRCULATION BRANCH                   49
+
+     CHILDREN'S ROOM                              51
+
+     LIBRARY SCHOOL                               51
+
+     PUBLIC TELEPHONES                            53
+
+     BUSINESS OFFICES                             53
+
+     TRAVELLING LIBRARIES OFFICE                  53
+
+
+   CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT (BRANCHES):
+
+     CIRCULATION OF BOOKS                         55
+
+     SPECIAL COLLECTIONS                          57
+
+     INTERBRANCH LOAN                             57
+
+     READING ROOMS                                57
+
+     LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND                        59
+
+     TRAVELLING LIBRARIES                         59
+
+     WORK WITH CHILDREN                           61
+
+     LECTURES AND MEETINGS                        62
+
+
+   HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE LIBRARY:
+
+     THE ASTOR LIBRARY                            63
+
+     THE LENOX LIBRARY                            67
+
+     THE TILDEN TRUST                             67
+
+     CONSOLIDATION                                69
+
+     NEW YORK FREE CIRCULATING LIBRARY            71
+
+     OTHER CIRCULATING LIBRARIES                  71
+
+     CARNEGIE BRANCHES                            71
+
+     MANAGEMENT                                   71
+
+     BENEFACTORS                                  72
+
+     WORK OF THE LIBRARY                          73
+
+
+   FLOOR PLANS, CENTRAL BUILDING                  74
+
+   TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS OF THE LIBRARY           76
+
+   DIRECTORY OF BRANCH LIBRARIES                  77
+
+   PUBLICATIONS OF THE LIBRARY                    78
+
+   THE CROTON RESERVOIR                           79
+
+
+
+
+_NOTE_
+
+
+_Although the purpose of this Handbook is to tell the principal facts
+about the Library as an institution, its chief use is likely to be that
+of a guide to the Central Building. The section about the Central
+Building is therefore given first place. Any visitor who cares to take
+the trouble, before beginning his tour of the Building, to read the
+brief historical sketch (on pages 63-73) will have a better
+understanding of the organization and work of the Library, and see the
+reasons for a number of things which might not otherwise be clear._
+
+
+
+
+THE CENTRAL BUILDING
+
+
+OPEN: WEEK DAYS, INCLUDING HOLIDAYS, 9 A.M. TO 10 P.M. SUNDAYS, 1 P.M.
+TO 10 P.M.
+
+(Except where otherwise noted these are the hours of the special reading
+rooms.)
+
+
+
+
+THE CENTRAL BUILDING
+
+
+=The Central Building= of The New York Public Library is on the western
+side of Fifth Avenue, occupying the two blocks between 40th and 42nd
+Streets. It stands on part of the site of the old Croton distributing
+reservoir, and it was built by the City of New York at a cost of about
+nine million dollars.
+
+Competitions to choose the architect for the building were held in 1897,
+two years after The New York Public Library was incorporated. The result
+of the competition was the selection of Messrs. Carrère and Hastings, of
+New York, as architects. In 1899 the work of removing the old reservoir
+began. Various legal difficulties and labor troubles delayed beginning
+the construction of the building, but by November 10, 1902, the work had
+progressed so far that the cornerstone was laid. The building was opened
+to the public May 23, 1911, in the presence of the President of the
+United States, the Governor of the State of New York, the Mayor of New
+York, and an audience of about six hundred persons.
+
+=Exterior.= The material of the building is largely Vermont marble, and
+the style that of the modern Renaissance, somewhat in the manner of the
+period of Louis XVI, with certain modifications to suit the conditions
+of to-day. It is rectangular in shape, 390 feet long and 270 feet deep,
+built around two inner courts. It has a cellar, basement or ground
+floor, and three upper floors.
+
+[Illustration: MAIN ENTRANCE]
+
+"The Library," wrote Mr. A. C. David, in the _Architectural Record_[1],
+"is undeniably popular. It has already taken its place in the public
+mind as a building of which every New Yorker may be proud, and this
+opinion of the building is shared by the architectural profession of the
+country. Of course, it does not please everybody; but if American
+architects in good standing were asked to name the one building which
+embodied most of what was good in contemporary American architecture,
+The New York Public Library would be the choice of a handsome majority."
+
+Mr. David continued: "The Library is not, then, intended to be a great
+monumental building, which would look almost as well from one point of
+view as another, and which would be fundamentally an example of pure
+architectural form. It is designed rather to face on the avenue of a
+city, and not to seem out of place on such a site. It is essentially and
+frankly an instance of street architecture; and as an instance of street
+architecture it is distinguished in its appearance rather than imposing.
+Not, indeed, that it is lacking in dignity. The façade on Fifth Avenue
+has poise, as well as distinction; character, as well as good manners.
+But still it does not insist upon its own peculiar importance, as every
+monumental building must do. It is content with a somewhat humbler rôle,
+but one which is probably more appropriate. It looks ingratiating rather
+than imposing, and that is probably one reason for its popularity. It is
+intended for popular rather than for official use, and the building
+issues to the people an invitation to enter rather than a command....
+
+[Illustration: TERRACE IN FRONT OF LIBRARY
+
+LOOKING SOUTH]
+
+"The final judgment on the Library will be, consequently, that it is not
+a great monument, because considerations of architectural form have in
+several conspicuous instances been deliberately subordinated to the
+needs of the plan. In this respect it resembles the new Museum of Fine
+Arts in Boston. The building is at bottom a compromise between two
+groups of partly antagonistic demands, and a compromise can hardly ever
+become a consummate example of architectural form. But, on the other
+hand, Messrs. Carrère and Hastings have, as in so many other cases, made
+their compromise successful. Faithful as they have been to the
+fundamental requirement of adapting the building to its purpose as a
+library, they have also succeeded in making it look well; and they have
+succeeded in making it look well partly because the design is
+appropriate to its function as a building in which books are stored,
+read and distributed. A merely monumental library always appears
+somewhat forbidding and remote. The Library looks attractive, and so far
+as a large building can, even intimate....
+
+[Illustration: BY EDWARD C. POTTER]
+
+[Illustration: TERRACE LOOKING NORTH]
+
+"The popularity of the Library has, consequently, been well earned. The
+public has reason to like it, because it offers them a smiling
+countenance; and the welcome it gives is merely the outward and visible
+sign of an inward grace. When people enter they will find a building
+which has been ingeniously and carefully adapted to their use.
+Professional architects like it, because they recognize the skill, the
+good taste and the abundant resources of which the building, as a whole,
+is the result; and while many of them doubtless cherish a secret
+thought that they would have done it better, they are obliged to
+recognize that in order to have done it better they would have been
+obliged to exhibit a high degree of architectural intelligence. In the
+realism of its plan and in the mixture of dignity and distinction in the
+design, The New York Public Library is typical of that which is best in
+the contemporary American architectural movement; and New York is
+fortunate, indeed, that such a statement can be made of the most
+important public building erected in the city during several
+generations."
+
+[Illustration: ROMANCE BY PAUL BARTLETT]
+
+=Sculpture.= Of the sculptural designs, the two lions on either side of
+the main approach are by E. C. Potter. They have been subjected to much
+criticism, mainly of a humorous nature, and in the daily press. This
+adverse comment has not been endorsed by critics of art and
+architecture. Mr. Potter was chosen for this work by Augustus St.
+Gaudens, and again, after Mr. St. Gaudens' death, by Mr. D. C. French,
+also an eminent sculptor. Any layman can satisfy himself, by a brief
+observation of the building as a whole, that the architectural balance
+of the structure demands figures of heroic size to flank the main
+approach. With that requirement in view, the designer of such figures
+has but a limited choice of subject, since there are few living
+creatures whose forms possess dignity without being cumbrous. The
+sculptor in this instance has followed well-established precedents in
+designing the lions according to the canons of decorative art. They are
+as realistic as would be suitable for figures of this size, and in this
+position.
+
+[Illustration: PHILOSOPHY BY PAUL BARTLETT]
+
+The groups in the pediments are by George Gray Barnard; the one in the
+northern pediment represents History, and the one in the southern, Art.
+
+The figures above the fountains on either side of the main entrance are
+by Frederick MacMonnies; the man seated on the Sphinx, on the northern
+side of the entrance represents Truth. On the southern side, the figure
+of the woman seated on Pegasus represents Beauty. Above the figure of
+Truth is this inscription from the Apocrypha (1 Esdras, chapter 3):
+
+   BUT ABOVE ALL THINGS
+   TRUTH
+   BEARETH AWAY
+   THE VICTORY
+
+The inscription above the figure of Beauty is:
+
+   BEAUTY
+   OLD YET EVER NEW
+   ETERNAL VOICE
+   AND INWARD WORD
+
+This is from the twenty-first stanza of Whittier's poem, "The Shadow and
+the Light."
+
+The six figures above the main entrance are by Paul Bartlett; naming
+them from north to south they are: History, Drama, Poetry, Religion,
+Romance, and Philosophy. Above the entrance are inscriptions concerning
+three of the component parts of The New York Public Library. They are as
+follows:
+
+   THE LENOX LIBRARY
+   FOUNDED BY
+   JAMES LENOX
+   DEDICATED TO HISTORY
+   LITERATURE AND THE FINE ARTS
+   MDCCCLXX
+
+   THE ASTOR LIBRARY
+   FOUNDED BY
+   JOHN JACOB ASTOR
+   FOR THE
+   ADVANCEMENT OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE
+   MDCCCXLVIII
+
+   THE TILDEN TRUST
+   FOUNDED BY
+   SAMUEL JONES TILDEN
+   TO SERVE THE INTERESTS OF
+   SCIENCE AND POPULAR EDUCATION
+   MDCCCLXXXVI
+
+Beneath these is this inscription:
+
+   MDCCCXCV  THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY  MDCCCCII
+
+Of the dates in this inscription, the first, 1895, is that of the
+incorporation of The New York Public Library; the second, 1902, is that
+of the laying of the cornerstone.
+
+The statue of William Cullen Bryant, behind the Library, is by Herbert
+Adams.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+=The rear of the building= should be viewed from Bryant Park. The long
+windows are to light the bookstack. Some critics have commended the
+rear of the building very highly. Mr. A. C. David, in the article
+previously quoted, says:
+
+     "This façade is very plainly treated, without any pretence to
+     architectural effect. It is, indeed, designed frankly as the rear
+     of a structure which is not meant to be looked at except on the
+     other sides. Any attempt, consequently, at monumental treatment has
+     been abandoned. The building is designed to be seen from Fifth
+     Avenue and from the side streets. The rear, on Bryant Park, merely
+     takes care of itself; and one of the largest apartments in any
+     edifice in the United States is practically concealed, so far as
+     any positive exterior result is concerned."
+
+[Illustration: A RAINY DAY--FIFTH AVENUE
+
+FROM AN ETCHING BY CHARLES B. KING]
+
+The large apartment referred to in this quotation is the Main Reading
+Room of the Library, which is described farther on in this Handbook.
+
+
+FIRST FLOOR
+
+=Entrances.= There are two entrances to the Library, the main entrance on
+Fifth Avenue, and the side door on 42nd Street, which gives admission to
+the basement, where the Central Circulation Room, the Newspaper Room and
+the Central Children's Room are to be found. On a first visit, however,
+the sightseer should use the main entrance on Fifth Avenue, in order to
+see the lobby, which rises through two stories, with broad staircases to
+the right and left. The flying arches of these staircases are of
+seventeen feet span, and are all of marble without any brick or metal
+work whatever. The marble used in the lobby is from Vermont. The ceiling
+is a true marble vault of forty feet span, supporting itself and the
+floor over it, with no metal whatever, except some reinforcing rods
+buried in the concrete filling in the floor above.
+
+[Illustration: TRUTH
+
+BY FREDERICK MACMONNIES]
+
+Between the pillars facing the entrance are two inscriptions. At the
+left is this:
+
+   THE CITY OF NEW YORK
+   HAS ERECTED THIS BUILDING
+   TO BE MAINTAINED FOREVER
+   AS A FREE LIBRARY
+   FOR THE USE OF THE PEOPLE
+
+[Illustration: PART OF MAIN FAÇADE]
+
+And at the right:
+
+   ON THE DIFFUSION OF EDUCATION
+   AMONG THE PEOPLE
+   REST THE PRESERVATION
+   AND PERPETUATION
+   OF OUR FREE INSTITUTIONS
+
+The latter is a quotation from an address by Daniel Webster at Madison,
+Indiana, June 1, 1837.
+
+=Elevators= are near the northern or 42nd Street end of the building.
+There is also a staircase at this end of the building, in addition to
+the staircases near the main entrance.
+
+=Exhibition Room.= Directly opposite the main entrance is the Exhibition
+Room, finished in white Vermont marble. The ceiling is supported by
+twenty-four columns of green veined white marble. The ceiling itself is
+elaborately and beautifully carved in oak. This room is devoted to
+exhibitions of rare books, manuscripts and prints. The exhibitions are
+changed from time to time, usually as often as three or four times a
+year. Open 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. on week days; 1 to 5 p. m. Sundays.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+=Current Periodicals Room.= The corridor to the south from the main
+entrance leads to the Current Periodicals Room (Room Number 111). Here
+about 4,500 current periodicals are on file. A hundred of these are on
+open racks. The others may be obtained upon application at the desk. A
+classified finding list gives the reader the titles of periodicals kept
+here. As this room is sometimes confused in the public mind with a
+popular or club reading room, it should be remembered that this is one
+department in a building primarily devoted to the reference work of the
+Library. The few restrictions which are imposed are only for the purpose
+of keeping the files intact for binding. The Branches of The New York
+Public Library contain reading rooms where all the periodicals are on
+open racks.
+
+[Illustration: FRONT DOOR]
+
+=Business Offices.= Following the corridor leading south and then turning
+to the right along the 40th Street side of the building, one reaches
+some of the business offices of the Library--the office of the Bursar
+(No. 104), of the Building Superintendent (No. 103), of the Chief of the
+Circulation Department (No. 102), and of the Supervisor of work with
+children (No. 105). These offices are open for any persons who have
+occasion to visit them for business reasons, but they are of no interest
+to sightseers. In Room 100, devoted mainly to the cataloguing work of
+the Circulation Department, there is a card catalogue of all the books
+in this Department,--that is, in the Branches of the Library. The Room
+is open to the public, for the consultation of this catalogue, on week
+days from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m.
+
+[Illustration: BASE OF FLAGPOLE]
+
+=Technology Division.= Following the corridor leading to the north from
+the main entrance, there is, on the right, the room of the Technology
+Division (No. 115), devoted to applied science and engineering. The
+collection of books in this Division, or under its control, numbers
+about 65,000. In this room, as in all the special reading rooms, with a
+few exceptions, books are on open shelves for the free access of readers
+and students.
+
+=Patents Room= (No. 121). At the end of the corridor parallel to 42nd
+Street, is the Patents Room, a part of the Technology Division. It is
+open from 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. on week days, and is closed on Sundays.
+Patents may be consulted evenings and Sundays by arrangement with the
+technology librarian, Room 115.
+
+[Illustration: NORTH WING]
+
+=The Library for the Blind= (No. 116) is on the inner or western side of
+the corridor leading north from the main entrance. This collection
+contains about 8,000 books in embossed type for blind readers, and, in
+addition, 5,500 music scores, also in embossed type. These books are
+lent not only in Greater New York, but are sent free by mail to blind
+readers in all parts of the States of New York, New Jersey, and
+Connecticut. A teacher employed by the Library goes to homes and
+institutions in the City of New York to teach adult blind persons to
+read by touch. The room is open on week days from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m. A
+bronze tablet on the wall bears the following inscription:
+
+   THE NEW YORK
+   FREE CIRCULATING LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND
+   WAS FOUNDED BY RICHARD RANDALL FERRY
+
+          *       *       *       *       *
+
+   THROUGH THE EXERTIONS OF CLARA A. WILLIAMS
+   THIS LIBRARY WAS PERMANENTLY ESTABLISHED
+
+   INCORPORATED, JUNE 3, 1895
+   TRANSFERRED TO THE N. Y. PUBLIC LIBRARY, FEB. 21, 1903
+
+   TRUSTEES
+
+   WILLIAM B. WAIT
+   CLARA A. WILLIAMS
+   CLARK B. FERRY
+   RICHARD RANDALL FERRY
+   CHARLES W. WESTON
+
+The trustees named on the tablet are, of course, those of the former
+organization: the "New York Free Circulating Library for the Blind."
+
+
+SECOND FLOOR
+
+On the second floor a corridor runs along the front of the building,
+turning into short corridors at the north and south, and also into a
+central corridor. From these corridors open studies, offices and special
+reading rooms. In the central corridor, four studies open on the right,
+while the fifth room on this side is devoted to the:
+
+=Oriental Division= (No. 219), with a collection of about 20,000 books and
+pamphlets in Arabic, Persian, Turkish, Chinese, Japanese, and other
+eastern languages. Open 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. week days.
+
+=Jewish Division= (No. 217). Opposite the Oriental Division, on the south
+side of this central corridor, is the reading room devoted to the Jewish
+Division. There are about 24,000 books in the collection.
+
+=Slavonic Division.= The room devoted to the Slavonic Division (No. 216)
+is also on the south side of the central corridor. The resources of this
+Division, books and periodicals in the various Slavonic languages,
+number about 23,000.
+
+[Illustration: REAR OF LIBRARY FROM BRYANT PARK]
+
+=Science Division.= On the corridor parallel to Fifth Avenue, and leading
+north from the main staircase, the room on the right contains the
+Science Division (No. 225). There are about 35,000 books under the
+control of this Division.
+
+=Economics Division.= From the corridor on the northern or 42nd Street end
+of the building open the rooms devoted to Public Documents (No. 229) and
+Economics and Sociology. These were formerly separate divisions, but now
+united, and the entrance is through Room 229. The resources of the
+Division (including the large collection of Public Documents) number
+about 400,000 books and pamphlets.
+
+=Business Offices.= The rooms opening from the corridor running south from
+the main staircase are mostly business offices, devoted to the
+administration of the Library. They are of little interest to
+sightseers, but are open to any persons who have occasion to visit them.
+They include, on the front of the building, a lecture room (No. 213),
+the office of the Director of the Library (No. 210), and the meeting
+room of the Board of Trustees (No. 205). On the inner or western side of
+the corridor are: a study (No. 214), the office of the Editor of
+Publications (No. 212), and of the Reference Librarian (No. 211). The
+Trustees' Room may be seen on special application at the Director's
+office. Over the mantelpiece in this room is the inscription:
+
+   THE CITY OF NEW YORK HAS ERECTED THIS
+   BUILDING FOR THE FREE USE OF ALL THE PEOPLE
+   MCMX
+   I LOOK TO THE DIFFUSION OF LIGHT AND EDUCATION
+   AS THE RESOURCE MOST TO BE RELIED ON FOR
+   AMELIORATING THE CONDITION PROMOTING THE VIRTUE
+   AND ADVANCING THE HAPPINESS OF MAN
+
+   THOMAS JEFFERSON
+
+[Illustration: MALL BEHIND LIBRARY]
+
+On the corridor leading west, and running along the 40th Street end of
+the building, are workrooms, open only to visitors having business
+engagements. These rooms are the office of the Order Division (No. 204)
+and of the Cataloguing and Accessions Divisions (No. 200 and No. 201).
+
+[Illustration: SOUTH COURT]
+
+
+THIRD FLOOR
+
+The most important room on the third floor and, indeed, the centre of
+activity of the entire Reference Department of the Library, is the Main
+Reading Room, approached through the Public Catalogue Room. The latter
+opens from the western side of the corridor at the head of the
+staircases.
+
+=Public Catalogue Room.= This room (No. 315) contains the catalogue of the
+books in the Reference Department of the Library,--that is, the books
+available to readers in the Main Reading Room and in the special reading
+rooms of the Central Building. It is a dictionary catalogue, on cards,
+in which the books are entered by author, by subject, and by title, when
+the title is distinctive. The catalogue is in trays arranged in
+alphabetical order, beginning on the northwest wall of the room and
+running to the right. At the end of this catalogue, and on the southern
+side of the room, is an author catalogue of the books in the Central
+Circulation Branch and Central Children's Room, Rooms 78 and 80, in the
+basement. At the end of this second catalogue and separated from it by a
+public telephone, is a catalogue of the books in the Library of Congress
+for which printed catalogue cards have been issued.
+
+[Illustration: NORTHWEST CORNER]
+
+Near the entrance to the Public Catalogue Room, and at the right, is a
+bronze tablet:
+
+   BORN A.D. MDCCCXIII
+   (Bas-relief of Sir Isaac Pitman)
+   TABLET ERECTED A.D. MCMXIII
+   TO COMMEMORATE
+   THE
+   ONE HUNDREDTH ANNIVERSARY
+   OF THE BIRTH OF
+   SIR ISAAC PITMAN
+   AND IN RECOGNITION OF THE
+   IMPORTANT COLLECTION OF
+   SHORTHAND LITERATURE
+   IN THE
+   NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY
+
+Over the door leading from the Public Catalogue Room to the Main Reading
+Room is inscribed the famous quotation from Milton's "Areopagitica":
+
+   A good Booke
+   is the precious life-blood of a
+   master spirit, embalm'd and treasur'd
+   up on purpose to a life beyond life
+
+[Illustration: ENTRANCE LOBBY]
+
+=Information Desk.= The Information Desk of the Library is in the Public
+Catalogue Room, and here inquiries should be made about the resources
+and regulations of the Library, the use of the catalogue, and any other
+matter upon which the visitor may have a question to ask.
+
+=Application for books= to be used in the Main Reading Room should be made
+in the Public Catalogue Room. The applicant writes his request upon the
+slip furnished for the purpose, and files it at the desk in this room. A
+numbered ticket is handed him, which he takes into the Main Reading
+Room, going to the right if the ticket number is odd; to the left if the
+number is even. He then waits at the indicator at the western end of the
+delivery desk until the number on his ticket appears. This means that
+his books are ready for him at the desk. If, however, he prefers first
+to select a seat in the Main Reading Room, he should write the number of
+that seat on his application, and his books will be left at that seat,
+if he is there to receive them.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+=The Main Reading Room=, in the rear, extends nearly the entire length of
+the building. It has a floor area of half an acre, and is divided in the
+middle by a booth from which books are delivered. There are seats for
+768 readers. Mr. A. C. David, in the article previously quoted from the
+_Architectural Record_, says:
+
+     "The Main Reading Room is one of the most spacious rooms in the
+     world--beautifully proportioned, lighted by a series of windows on
+     both the long sides of the room, and entirely accessible to the
+     stacks. To have obtained a room of these dimensions, so excellently
+     adapted to its purpose in every respect, was a great triumph for
+     the architects."
+
+[Illustration: DOOR OF EXHIBITION ROOM]
+
+The shelves along the walls contain a collection of about
+25,000 volumes. These books are not only the usual works of
+reference,--dictionaries, encyclopaedias, and the like, but they also
+include a good working library of general literature,--philosophy,
+religion, science, history, law, biography, standard novels, poetry, and
+the drama. These books are for the free use of anyone in this room,
+without the need of making any application. The reader has only to
+select the book he wishes, and to take it to a table, where he may
+consult it. When he has finished he should leave it on the table, rather
+than attempt to return it to its place, since a misplaced book is
+temporarily lost.
+
+=The Library's Books.= It should be kept in mind that the books of the
+Reference Department are all in the Central Building, and must all be
+used in that building. The great body of them are in the stack beneath
+the Main Reading Room. In addition, there are the books in the Main
+Reading Room itself, and in the special reading rooms in other parts of
+the building. Books and pamphlets number, altogether, about one million
+and a quarter.
+
+[Illustration: ENTRANCE LOBBY, LOOKING WEST]
+
+The books in the Central Circulation Room and in the Children's Room in
+the basement, the books in the Library for the Blind, those in the
+Travelling Libraries office in the basement, and those in the
+forty-three Branch Libraries in other parts of the Boroughs of
+Manhattan, The Bronx, and Richmond are under control of the
+Circulation Department of the Library. Nearly all of these books are
+lent to borrowers for home use. They number about 1,100,000 volumes.
+
+[Illustration: SOUTH SIDE OF EXHIBITION ROOM]
+
+[Illustration: MAIN READING ROOM]
+
+In regard to the books in the Reference Department, it is correct to say
+that in them the Library owns a well-balanced collection for research in
+nearly every branch of human knowledge. The books formerly in the Astor
+and Lenox Libraries compose the foundation of the collection. The
+subjects most adequately represented are those of American history, of
+topics connected with the American continents, and the economic and
+social sciences. There are also extensive sets of public documents, of
+the publications of learned institutions, as well as comprehensive files
+of periodicals. In recent years not so much attempt has been made to get
+publications on law, theology, medicine and biology, since there are
+special libraries, elsewhere in the City, where these subjects are
+covered. The reader is nevertheless sure to find in the special reading
+rooms, and in the books which may be brought to the Main Reading Room
+for his use, the fundamental printed sources in practically every field
+of knowledge.
+
+[Illustration: PANEL IN CEILING, EXHIBITION ROOM]
+
+[Illustration: DOOR IN SCREEN
+
+MAIN READING ROOM]
+
+=Use of Books.= The Library's situation in the metropolis, and its freedom
+from restrictions (according to the custom of American libraries) have
+caused the use of its books to become two or three times greater than
+that of any of the other large libraries of the world; the average daily
+number of readers is more than double the number in any foreign library.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+=Stack.= Underneath the Main Reading Room is the steel stack, in seven
+decks, containing 334,500 feet, or 63.3 miles, of shelving. It has room
+for about 2,500,000 books. (The special reading rooms have a shelf
+capacity for about 500,000 books.) The books in the stack are brought by
+electric elevators to the Main Reading Room, as they are called for by
+readers. The stack is not open to readers or visitors.
+
+=Genealogy Room.= At the northern end of the Main Reading Room is the room
+devoted to Local History and Genealogy (No. 328). The collection numbers
+about thirty thousand volumes.
+
+[Illustration: PART OF MAIN READING ROOM]
+
+=American History Division.= At the southern end of the Main Reading Room
+is the room devoted to American history (No. 300). It is one of the
+strongest divisions of the Library, since its books are so
+distinguished among collections of this kind as to make them of the
+greatest importance to students and scholars in the field of American
+history. The foundation of this collection was formed by the books on
+American history owned by James Lenox, the founder of the Lenox Library,
+one of the components of the present New York Public Library. The tablet
+in the floor near the entrance of Room 300 is inscribed as follows:
+
+   IN MEMORY OF
+   JAMES LENOX
+   A NATIVE AND RESIDENT OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK
+   BORN AUGUST 19 1800
+   DIED FEBRUARY 17 1880
+   THE TRUSTEES OF
+   THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY
+   ASTOR LENOX AND TILDEN FOUNDATIONS
+   IN PERFORMANCE OF A GRATEFUL DUTY
+   HAVE CAUSED THIS TABLET TO BE PLACED
+   HERE AMONG THE BOOKS HE CHERISHED
+   AS A MEMORIAL OF HIS SERVICES
+   TO THE HISTORY OF AMERICA
+
+From the corridors on the front and sides of the third floor, rooms open
+in the following order, beginning with the corridor at the south,
+running along the 40th Street side of the building:
+
+=Reserve Books= (No. 303): In this room are kept the rare and reserved
+books of the Library.
+
+Among the foremost treasures of the Library are: the Gutenberg Bible
+(printed by Gutenberg and Fust about 1455, one of the earliest books
+printed from movable types); the Coverdale Bible (1535); Tyndale's
+Pentateuch (1530) and New Testament (1536); and Eliot's Indian Bible. In
+fact, the collection of early Bibles in English is one of the great
+collections of the kind in existence. The Library also owns four copies
+of the First Folio Shakespeare (1623); several copies of the Second,
+Third, and Fourth Folios (1632, 1663-64, 1685); thirty-five editions of
+the Shakespeare Quartos, before 1709; eight works printed by William
+Caxton (1475-90); the Bay Psalm Book, the first book printed in the
+territory now comprised in the United States (Cambridge, 1640); and the
+Doctrina Christiana, printed in Mexico in 1544.
+
+[Illustration: BOOK STACK
+
+(SHOWING HALF THE LENGTH OF ONE DECK)]
+
+One contribution to the Library has been commemorated by a tablet near
+the door of this room. It bears the inscription:
+
+   THE
+   BAILEY MYERS COLLECTION
+   OF
+   AMERICANA
+   FORMED BY
+   THEODORUS BAILEY MYERS
+   OF
+   NEW YORK CITY
+   1821-1888
+   GIVEN BY HIS WIDOW, DAUGHTER
+   AND DAUGHTER-IN-LAW AS A
+   MEMORIAL OF HIM AND HIS SON
+   THEODORUS BAILEY MYERS MASON
+   LIEUTENANT COMMANDER
+   UNITED STATES NAVY
+
+Opposite, in Room 304, is the office of the Bibliographer of the
+Library, and of the Chief of the American History Division.
+
+=Prints Room.= Opening from the corridor on the east (the front) of the
+Library is the Prints Room (No. 308). Open 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. week days;
+1 to 6 p. m. Sundays. Here is the Samuel P. Avery Collection of 18,000
+prints. They are mainly French and other modern etchings and
+lithographs. There is also a large collection of modern American prints,
+a collection of Japanese prints in color, and a collection of old prints
+illustrating the development of reproductive graphic art to the present
+day.
+
+=Art and Architecture.= Room 313 is the reading room devoted to Art and
+Architecture. The resources of the collection, about 25,000 books, deal
+with art and craftsmanship in the widest sense.
+
+[Illustration: TRUSTEES' ROOM]
+
+=Map Room.= On the inner, or western, side of this corridor, opposite Room
+313, is the Map Room (No. 312), a part of the American History Division.
+Open 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. on week days.
+
+=Stuart Gallery.= Opening from the corridor on the front of the building,
+and directly opposite the entrance to the Public Catalogue Room, is the
+room devoted to the Stuart Collection (No. 316). Open 9 a. m. to 6 p. m.
+on week days. Closed on Sundays. This contains pictures, books, and
+other objects of art bequeathed by Mrs. Robert L. Stuart. On the east
+wall of the Gallery is a tablet with this inscription:
+
+   THE
+   ROBERT L. STUART
+   COLLECTION
+   THE GIFT OF HIS WIDOW,
+   MRS. MARY STUART.
+   BEQUEATHED TO THE
+   LENOX LIBRARY
+   1892.
+
+Catalogues of the paintings are on sale for ten cents.
+
+=General Gallery.= The next room to the north is the general gallery (No.
+318). (Sign reads "Picture Gallery.") The pictures in this room are
+largely from the collection of James Lenox. The catalogue, mentioned in
+the preceding paragraph, gives a list of them, and a brief description
+of many. Open 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. week days and 1 to 5 p. m. Sundays.
+
+=Prints Gallery.= Opening from No. 318, and also from the north end of the
+front corridor, is the Prints Gallery (No. 321). Here are held
+exhibitions of prints, changed several times each year. Open 9 a. m. to
+6 p. m. on week days and 1 to 5 p. m. Sundays.
+
+=Manuscript Division.= On the west or inner side of the front corridor is
+the research room of the Manuscript Division (No. 319). This is open
+only to those who hold cards signed by the Director of the Library. Open
+9 a. m. to 6 p. m. week days. The Division has a good selection of
+Oriental manuscripts, and of European illuminated manuscripts. Among
+these older ones may be mentioned an "Evangelistarium, sive Lectiones ex
+Evangeliis," a French-Carlovingian manuscript on 200 vellum leaves, date
+about 870 A. D. Another manuscript of special note is the work of Giulio
+Clovio, his "Christi Vita ab Evangelistis descripta," sometimes called
+"The Towneley Lectionary." It was made for Alexander, Cardinal Farnese,
+and was presented by him to Pope Paul III.
+
+[Illustration: ONE OF THE SPECIAL READING ROOMS
+
+(GENEALOGY AND LOCAL HISTORY)]
+
+The collection of American historical manuscripts ranks as one of the
+best in the United States. Here, for example, is the original manuscript
+of Washington's "Farewell Address," a copy of the Declaration of
+Independence in Jefferson's autograph, and many other letters and
+original sources for research. Lists of the principal manuscripts have
+been printed in the Bulletin of The New York Public Library (Volume 5,
+page 306-336, and volume 19, page 135-162).
+
+=Music Division.= Turning to the west, the corridor along the 42nd Street
+side of the building leads to the Music Division (No. 324), which opens
+from the north side of the corridor. It is open week days from 9 a. m.
+to 6 p. m. The resources of the Division number about twenty-two
+thousand volumes and pieces of music.
+
+A tablet at the north end of the room bears this inscription:
+
+   DREXEL MUSICAL LIBRARY.
+   THE LEGACY OF JOSEPH W. DREXEL 1888.
+
+On the east wall is a tablet reading as follows:
+
+   IN MEMORY OF
+   1855  JULIAN EDWARDS  1910
+   WHOSE COLLECTION OF MUSIC SCORES
+   AND BOOKS WAS GIVEN TO THIS LIBRARY
+
+
+BASEMENT
+
+The basement contains three rooms of public interest. The entrance from
+42nd Street is the most convenient way to reach these rooms from the
+outside of the building, but a visitor on one of the upper floors should
+take the elevator or the staircase, both near the north end of the
+building.
+
+[Illustration: CENTRAL CIRCULATION ROOM]
+
+=Newspaper Room.= In the Newspaper Room (No. 84) about sixty daily
+newspapers are on racks for free use, without the need of any
+application. About twenty-five foreign newspapers are obtainable upon
+application at the desk. A bulletin board at the right of the entrance
+gives full information about these and other resources of the Newspaper
+Room.
+
+On the western side of the entrance corridor, near the door of the
+Circulating Library, is a bronze tablet with the following inscription:
+
+   [Seal of The New York Public Library]
+
+   THIS BUILDING IS ERECTED
+   UPON A PART OF THE COMMON LANDS
+   WHICH WERE GRANTED BY ROYAL CHARTER
+   TO THE MAYOR ALDERMEN AND COMMONALTY
+   OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK
+   IN 1686,
+   THE SECOND YEAR OF THE REIGN OF JAMES THE SECOND
+   KING OF ENGLAND.
+
+   THE CITY OF NEW YORK IN 1897,
+   WILLIAM L. STRONG BEING MAYOR,
+   UNDERTOOK TO CONSTRUCT,
+   AT THE PUBLIC EXPENSE,
+   A BUILDING UPON THIS SITE
+   TO BE USED AND OCCUPIED BY
+   THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY,
+   ASTOR, LENOX AND TILDEN FOUNDATIONS
+   SO LONG AS IT SHOULD MAINTAIN HEREIN
+   A FREE LIBRARY AND READING ROOM FOR THE PEOPLE.
+
+   WORK WAS BEGUN BY THE CITY IN 1899,
+   ROBERT ANDERSON VAN WYCK BEING MAYOR.
+   THE CORNERSTONE WAS LAID IN 1902,
+   SETH LOW BEING MAYOR.
+   THE BUILDING WAS COMPLETED IN 1909,
+   GEORGE BRINTON McCLELLAN BEING MAYOR.
+   IT WAS OCCUPIED AND OPENED TO THE PUBLIC IN 1911
+   WILLIAM JAY GAYNOR BEING MAYOR.
+
+[Illustration: NORTH STAIRCASE]
+
+=Central Circulation Branch= (sign over door reads, "Circulating Library")
+(No. 80). This is one of the forty-four Branches of The New York Public
+Library, intended for the circulation of books for home use. In this
+instance alone the Branch is situated in the Central Building and is
+supported by the funds of the Library and not by the City. The room is
+interesting because of its activity. The view of it reproduced in this
+book had to be taken when but few people were there, but during
+afternoons and evenings, especially in the autumn, winter, and spring
+months, the room is frequently over-crowded with readers and borrowers
+of books. As over 500,000 books were borrowed from this one room during
+1915 it may be said that there are few, if any, busier library rooms in
+the country, or, indeed, in the world. There is a collection of over
+50,000 books, with a reserve collection of somewhat more than 70,000.
+The room is open 9 a. m. to 10 p. m. week days, including all holidays,
+and 2 to 6 p. m. on Sundays.
+
+=Children's Room.= Near the 42nd Street entrance a corridor runs east to
+the Children's Room (No. 78). The visitor to the building should not
+fail to see this room, with its attractive furnishings, its collections
+of brightly colored picture-books, and pictures.
+
+The object of the room is not only to perform the usual work of a
+children's room, but also to interest and help parents and others in
+selecting children's reading. Authors, artists, and publishers come here
+for information about books for children. Another purpose is to furnish
+suggestions for similar rooms elsewhere. A number of libraries, in other
+parts of the world, have adopted suggestions which they found here.
+Exhibitions on various subjects are held from time to time, and there is
+a collection of children's books of the old-fashioned kind. Open 9 a. m.
+to 6 p. m. week days.
+
+[Illustration: CHILDREN'S ROOM]
+
+=Library School.= Here a two years' course in training for library work is
+given to a body of students averaging about seventy-five in number. The
+office of the School (where inquiries should be made) is in Room 75,
+on the inner or western side of the corridor which runs along the front
+of the building, parallel to Fifth Avenue. The Library School class
+room, not open to the public, is on the other side of the corridor.
+
+=Public Telephones.= The public telephones are in Room 70, on the inner or
+western side of the front corridor.
+
+=Business Offices.= The rest of the basement floor is occupied by offices,
+open only to those who have business engagements therein. The offices
+include that for Printing and Binding (No. 58), and the Shipping Room
+(No. 51). In the Printing Office the catalogue cards of the Library,
+printed forms, and all the Library's publications are printed. For the
+publications, see page 78.
+
+=Travelling Libraries Office.= The entrance to the Travelling Libraries
+office is from Bryant Park, at the southwest corner of the building. The
+office itself is not of interest to sightseers. As it is under control
+of the Circulation Department, its work is described on page 59.
+
+FOOTNOTE:
+
+[Footnote 1: September, 1910.]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+THE CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT
+
+
+     BRANCH LIBRARIES--HOURS OF OPENING: CENTRAL CIRCULATION open 9 a.
+     m. to 10 p. m. every week day, 2 to 6 p. m. on Sundays. CHILDREN'S
+     ROOM 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. on week days. LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND,
+     TRAVELLING LIBRARIES, and OFFICES open 9 a. m. to 5 p. m. on week
+     days.
+
+OTHER BRANCHES, 9 a. m. to 9 p. m. on week days. Exceptions as follows:
+CENTRAL CIRCULATION and branches in Carnegie buildings open full hours
+on all holidays; other branches closed on January 1, May 30, July 4,
+December 25, presidential election day, and Thanksgiving; after 6 p. m.
+on February 22 and Christmas eve; after 5 p. m. on election days other
+than presidential elections.
+
+
+
+
+CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT
+
+
+The Circulation Department of the Library performs its work through
+forty-four Branch Libraries in the Boroughs of Manhattan, Richmond
+(Staten Island), and The Bronx. (Each of the other two Boroughs of
+Greater New York, Brooklyn and Queens, has its own Public Library.)
+These Branches are in separate buildings, with the exception of the
+Circulation Branch in the Central Building. That is supported by the
+funds of the Library; all the others are maintained by the City.
+Thirty-seven of the Branch buildings were erected from funds given by
+Mr. Andrew Carnegie. The collections of books in the Branches number
+from ten to fifty thousand, with a total of about 1,100,000 books.
+
+Each Branch has an adult department, with its collection of books for
+adult readers, a children's room, and a reading room with current
+magazines, reference books, and, in many cases, daily newspapers. Many
+of the Branches contain lecture or assembly rooms.
+
+These Branch Libraries serve a population estimated at above three
+million. The Branches are spread over a large territory, and from the
+northernmost of them, in the Borough of The Bronx, to the one farthest
+south, on Staten Island, the distance is about forty miles. A directory
+of Branches is on page 77.
+
+=Circulation of Books.= The New York Public Library, according to the
+general custom of American libraries, imposes few restrictions upon its
+readers. This fact, together with its situation in the metropolis of
+the country, is the reason why it is probably used more than any other
+library under one management in the world. The use is constantly
+growing. In 1915 there were borrowed from the Branch Libraries, for home
+use, 10,384,579 books.
+
+[Illustration: SEWARD PARK BRANCH]
+
+=Special Collections.= There are books in foreign languages, especially
+French and German, in all the Branches. The principal collections of
+books in foreign tongues other than French and German, are these:
+
+   _Language      Branch_
+
+   Bohemian       Webster.
+   Chinese        Chatham Square.
+   Danish         Tottenville, 125th Street.
+   Dutch          Muhlenberg.
+   Finnish        125th Street.
+   Flemish        Muhlenberg.
+   Greek (Modern) Chatham Square.
+   Hebrew         Seward Park, Aguilar.
+   Hungarian      Tompkins Square, Hamilton Fish Park,
+                    Yorkville, Woodstock.
+   Italian        Hudson Park, Aguilar, Bond Street.
+   Norwegian      Tottenville.
+   Polish         Rivington Street, Tompkins Square,
+                    Columbus, Melrose.
+   Roumanian        Rivington Street.
+   Russian          Seward Park, Rivington Street, Hamilton
+                      Fish Park, 96th Street, Chatham
+                      Square.
+   Slovak           Webster.
+   Spanish          Jackson Square.
+   Swedish          125th Street, 58th Street.
+   Servian          Muhlenberg.
+   Yiddish          Rivington Street, Seward Park, Hamilton
+                      Fish Park, Aguilar, Tremont.
+
+=Interbranch Loan.= A book in any one of the Branches is available to a
+reader at any other Branch through a system of interbranch loans.
+
+=Reading Rooms.= The total attendance in the adult reading rooms in the
+Branch Libraries, during 1915, was 1,224,526. The greatest use of
+reading rooms is at two of the Branches on the lower East Side.
+
+[Illustration: ADULTS' ROOM--58th STREET BRANCH]
+
+=Library for the Blind.= The Library for the Blind, although under control
+of the Circulation Department, has its headquarters and reading room in
+the Central Building. Its work has been described on page 22.
+
+[Illustration: MOTT HAVEN BRANCH]
+
+=Travelling Libraries.= From the office of the Travelling Libraries, in
+the Central Building, collections of books are sent to communities and
+homes in outlying districts of the city; to churches, Sunday schools,
+settlements, clubs, stores, factories,--in fact, to any community or
+institution not readily served by a Branch Library. There are about 800
+stations with Travelling Libraries. The circulation through these
+agencies, in 1915, numbered 962,355 books. Travelling Library stations
+are established in mercantile houses, in Fire and Police stations, fire
+boats, Federal, State, and City Department offices, armories, ships of
+the coast guard, vacation playgrounds, and summer camps. Books are sent
+in this manner to prisons, workhouses, elementary and high schools,
+hospitals, and army posts in New York City.
+
+[Illustration: BOND STREET BRANCH
+
+(THE OLDEST BRANCH)]
+
+[Illustration: TRAVELLING LIBRARY IN A MERCANTILE HOUSE]
+
+=Work with Children.= The work with children comprises a great deal
+besides the maintenance of children's rooms and the circulation of
+children's books. In 1915, the total circulation of books to children,
+including the figures recorded by the juvenile work of the Travelling
+Libraries, was 4,415,794, or forty-two per cent. of the total
+circulation of the Library. The Library works with the schools and
+museums. It holds special exhibitions, meetings, and celebrations of
+interest to children and to parents. Between fifty and sixty reading
+clubs for the older boys and girls meet at the Branch Libraries. Groups
+of children gather in the Branches from November to May, to attend
+"story hours."
+
+=Lectures and meetings.= The Branches are used as meeting places by
+literary, educational and social organizations and clubs. Assembly rooms
+in the Branches are open for any meeting of an instructive or literary
+nature, provided that no admission fee is charged, and that nothing of a
+political or sectarian character is discussed. Many classes of
+foreigners learning English meet regularly in the Branch Libraries.
+
+[Illustration: AT A STORY HOUR]
+
+
+
+
+HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE LIBRARY
+
+
+The New York Public Library, as it exists to-day, is the result of the
+generosity of a few private citizens, combined with the efforts of the
+City itself. Its corporate existence, in its present form, began on May
+23, 1895, by the consolidation of: "The Trustees of the Astor Library,"
+"The Trustees of the Lenox Library," and "The Tilden Trust."
+
+[Illustration: LIBRARY'S INSTRUCTOR TEACHING THE BLIND TO READ]
+
+[Illustration: READING WITH THE FINGERS IN THE LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND]
+
+=The Astor Library=, originally incorporated in 1849, was founded by John
+Jacob Astor. His gifts, together with those of his sons and grandsons,
+amounted to about $1,700,000. Washington Irving was the first
+President of the Library, and Joseph Green Cogswell its first
+Superintendent, or Librarian. In its building on Lafayette Place (now
+Lafayette Street) it was for many years one of the literary landmarks of
+New York. At the time of its consolidation with The New York Public
+Library it had an endowment fund of about $941,000, which produced an
+annual income of about $47,000. It contained then 266,147 volumes. It
+was solely a reference library,--the funds were given with the
+understanding that the books should not be lent for use outside the
+building.
+
+[Illustration: SUMMER AFTERNOON STORY HOUR]
+
+[Illustration: CORNER OF CHILDREN'S READING ROOM, HARLEM LIBRARY
+BRANCH]
+
+=The Lenox Library.= James Lenox, one of America's greatest book
+collectors, was born in New York City in 1800 and died there in 1880. In
+1870, by the incorporation of the Lenox Library, he gave to the city of
+his birth his books and art treasures. The building, which formerly
+stood on Fifth Avenue between 70th and 71st Streets, was erected for the
+Library and opened to the public, a part at a time, beginning in 1876.
+At the time of consolidation the Library owned its building, an
+endowment fund of $505,500, which yielded an annual income of about
+$20,500; and about 86,000 volumes. This also was a reference library,
+not a circulating library.
+
+[Illustration: VISIT OF A CLASS FROM A PUBLIC SCHOOL]
+
+=The Tilden Trust.= Samuel Jones Tilden was born in New Lebanon, New York,
+in 1814. He died in New York City in 1886. By the final settlement of
+his estate the City received his private library and an endowment fund
+of about $2,000,000, for library purposes.
+
+[Illustration: TRAVELLING LIBRARY IN A FACTORY]
+
+=Consolidation.= In the agreement for consolidation it was provided that
+the name of the new corporation should be "The New York Public Library,
+Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations"; that the number of its trustees
+should be twenty-one, to be selected from the thirty-three members of
+the separate boards; and that "the said new corporation shall establish
+and maintain a free public library and reading room in the City of New
+York, with such branches as may be deemed advisable, and shall continue
+and promote the several objects and purposes set forth in the respective
+acts of incorporation of 'The Trustees of the Astor Library,' 'The
+Trustees of the Lenox Library,' and 'The Tilden Trust.'"
+
+[Illustration: TRAVELLING LIBRARY IN FIRE-ENGINE HOUSE]
+
+[Illustration: ROOF READING ROOM, SEWARD PARK BRANCH]
+
+Later, another member was added to the Board of Trustees, and three
+municipal officials were made members _ex officio_.
+
+The first Director of The New York Public Library was Dr. John Shaw
+Billings, who served from 1896 until his death in 1913. He rendered
+distinguished services, especially in the organization of the new
+Library and in the arrangement of the Central Building.
+
+=New York Free Circulating Library.= In 1901 the New York Free Circulating
+Library was consolidated with the new system. This Library had then
+eleven Branches and owned about 160,000 volumes.
+
+=Other Circulating Libraries.= In 1901, the St. Agnes Free Library and the
+Washington Heights Free Library were also added to the system. The New
+York Free Circulating Library for the Blind and the Aguilar Free
+Library, with four Branches, were added in 1903. In 1904, the Harlem
+Free Library, Tottenville Free Library, the University Settlement
+Library at Rivington and Eldridge Streets, and the Webster Free Library
+followed. Also in 1904 the five Branches of the Cathedral Free
+Circulating Library became part of the new corporation.
+
+=Carnegie Branches.= In 1901 Mr. Andrew Carnegie offered Greater New York
+$5,200,000 for the construction and equipment of free circulating
+libraries, on condition that the City provide the land and agree to
+maintain the libraries when built. The offer was accepted, and
+thirty-seven Branch Libraries are now housed in buildings erected with
+that part of Mr. Carnegie's gift assigned to The New York Public
+Library. A directory of all the Branch Libraries may be found on page
+77.
+
+=Management.= The corporation is managed by a Board of twenty-five
+Trustees, including the Mayor, Comptroller, and President of the Board
+of Aldermen _ex officio_. The names of the Trustees are given on page
+76. The Trustees hold office continuously, and vacancies are filled by
+vote of the remaining Trustees. No Trustee receives any compensation for
+his services. The immediate management of the Library is entrusted to
+the Director. The Staff numbers between twelve and thirteen hundred
+persons, including those in the Central Building and in the Branches. As
+the buildings are open between twelve and thirteen hours a day the Staff
+works in two shifts. Somewhat less than half of the Staff are employed
+in the Central Building.
+
+[Illustration: BOYS' CLUB; YORKVILLE BRANCH]
+
+=Benefactors.= A complete list of the Library's benefactors, besides the
+three founders, can more appropriately be given elsewhere. In addition
+to Mr. Carnegie's gift, one bequest should be noted here: that of John
+S. Kennedy, who in 1909 left about $3,000,000 to the Library, without
+conditions.
+
+=Work of the Library.= This historical sketch may help to make clear the
+organization and work of the Library as it is carried on to-day. It is a
+free reference library combined with a free circulating library. The
+books in the Reference Department (in the Central Building) which came
+from either the Astor or the Lenox Libraries, and those which have been
+added since the consolidation, from the endowments of those Libraries,
+must necessarily be for reference use only. The Astor and Lenox
+Foundations give the Trustees of The New York Public Library no option
+in this matter. About one million books in the Circulation Department
+(the Branch Libraries) are lent for home use.
+
+[Illustration: KINGSBRIDGE BRANCH]
+
+[Illustration: FLOOR PLANS, CENTRAL BUILDING]
+
+[Illustration: FLOOR PLANS, CENTRAL BUILDING]
+
+
+
+
+TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS OF THE LIBRARY
+
+
+   WILLIAM W. APPLETON
+   ANDREW CARNEGIE
+   CLEVELAND H. DODGE
+   JOHN MURPHY FARLEY
+   SAMUEL GREENBAUM
+   FREDERIC R. HALSEY
+   JOHN HENRY HAMMOND
+   LEWIS CASS LEDYARD
+   J. P. MORGAN
+   MORGAN J. O'BRIEN
+   STEPHEN H. OLIN
+   HENRY FAIRFIELD OSBORN
+   WILLIAM BARCLAY PARSONS
+   GEORGE L. RIVES
+   ELIHU ROOT
+   CHARLES HOWLAND RUSSELL
+   EDWARD W. SHELDON
+   GEORGE W. SMITH
+   I. N. PHELPS STOKES
+   FREDERICK STURGES
+   HENRY W. TAFT
+   PAYNE WHITNEY
+
+   JOHN PURROY MITCHEL, Mayor of the City of New York, _ex officio_
+
+   WILLIAM A. PRENDERGAST,
+   Comptroller of the City of New York, _ex officio_
+
+   FRANK L. DOWLING, President of the Board of Aldermen, _ex officio_
+
+
+OFFICERS
+
+   _President_, GEORGE L. RIVES
+   _First Vice-President_, LEWIS CASS LEDYARD
+   _Second Vice-President_, ELIHU ROOT
+   _Secretary_, CHARLES HOWLAND RUSSELL
+   _Treasurer_, EDWARD W. SHELDON
+   _Director of the Library_, EDWIN H. ANDERSON
+
+   _Chief Reference Librarian_, H. M. LYDENBERG
+   _Chief of the Circulation Department_, BENJAMIN ADAMS
+
+
+
+
+BRANCH LIBRARIES
+
+
+With the exception of the Central Building, the names of the Branches in
+Manhattan and The Bronx are arranged as they are situated, from south to
+north.
+
+Names marked with a star (*) are of Branches occupying Carnegie
+buildings.
+
+MANHATTAN
+
+   CENTRAL BUILDING. Fifth Avenue and 42nd Street
+     CENTRAL CIRCULATION
+     CHILDREN'S ROOM
+     LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND
+     TRAVELLING LIBRARIES
+   CHATHAM SQUARE.* 33 East Broadway
+   SEWARD PARK.* 192 East Broadway
+   RIVINGTON STREET,* 61
+   HAMILTON FISH PARK.* 388 East Houston Street
+   HUDSON PARK.* 66 Leroy Street
+   BOND STREET, 49. Near the Bowery
+   OTTENDORFER. 135 Second Avenue. Near 8th Street
+   TOMPKINS SQUARE.* 331 East 10th Street
+   JACKSON SQUARE. 251 West 13th Street
+   EPIPHANY.* 228 East 23rd Street
+   MUHLENBERG.* 209 West 23rd Street
+   ST. GABRIEL'S PARK.* 303 East 36th Street
+   40TH STREET,* 457 West
+   CATHEDRAL. 123 East 50th Street
+   COLUMBUS.* 742 Tenth Avenue. Near 51st Street
+   58TH STREET,* 121 East
+   67TH STREET,* 328 East
+   RIVERSIDE.* 190 Amsterdam Avenue. Near 69th Street
+   WEBSTER.* 1465 Avenue A. Near 78th Street
+   YORKVILLE.* 222 East 79th Street
+   ST. AGNES.* 444 Amsterdam Avenue. Near 81st Street
+   96TH STREET,* 112 East
+   BLOOMINGDALE. 206 West 100th Street
+   AGUILAR.* 174 East 110th Street
+   115TH STREET,* 203 West
+   HARLEM LIBRARY.* 9 West 124th Street
+   125TH STREET,* 224 East
+   GEORGE BRUCE. 78 Manhattan Street
+   135TH STREET,* 103 West
+   HAMILTON GRANGE.* 503 West 145th Street
+   WASHINGTON HEIGHTS.* 1000 St. Nicholas Ave. Cor. of 160th St.
+   FORT WASHINGTON.* 535 West 179th Street
+
+
+THE BRONX
+
+   MOTT HAVEN.* 321 East 140th Street
+   WOODSTOCK.* 759 East 160th Street
+   MELROSE.* 910 Morris Avenue. Corner of 162nd Street.
+   HIGH BRIDGE.* 78 West 168th Street
+   MORRISANIA.* 610 East 169th Street
+   TREMONT.* 1866 Washington Avenue. Corner of 176th Street
+   KINGSBRIDGE.* 3041 Kingsbridge Avenue. Near 230th Street
+
+
+RICHMOND (STATEN ISLAND)
+
+   ST. GEORGE.* 5 Central Avenue. Tompkinsville P. O.
+   PORT RICHMOND.* 75 Bennett Street
+   STAPLETON.* 132 Canal Street
+   TOTTENVILLE.* 7430 Amboy Road
+
+
+
+
+PUBLICATIONS OF THE LIBRARY
+
+
+A reader of this Handbook may wish to know about some other sources of
+information concerning the Library. For that reason a few of its
+publications are named here. They may be consulted in the Central
+Building or any of the Branches.
+
+=Annual Report= of The New York Public Library. (A limited number are sent
+to institutions or private persons upon request.)
+
+=Bulletin= of The New York Public Library. Published monthly. Chiefly
+devoted to the Reference Department. Bibliography, news of the Library,
+reprints of manuscripts, descriptions of new accessions. One dollar a
+year; current single numbers for ten cents. Back numbers at advanced
+rates.
+
+=Branch Library News.= Monthly publication of the Circulation Department.
+Lists of new books, reading lists, articles about books, etc. Given free
+at the Branches. By mail free to libraries and other public
+institutions. Otherwise, twenty-five cents a year.
+
+=Facts for the Public.= A small pamphlet of general information about the
+Library. Much of its contents is also contained in this Handbook. Given
+free.
+
+=Central Building Guide.= A small pamphlet. Price five cents.
+
+
+
+
+THE CROTON RESERVOIR
+
+
+As the Central Building of the Library stands on part of the site of the
+old Croton Reservoir, it is fitting to reprint here the inscriptions on
+two tablets which were formerly affixed to the Reservoir.
+
+One tablet is now on the first floor of the Central Building, on the
+wall of the south or 40th Street corridor. The inscription is:
+
+   HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE ACCOUNT
+   OF THE CROTON AQUEDUCT
+
+   The Law authorizing the construction of the work, passed May
+   2nd, 1834.
+
+   STEPHEN ALLEN, WILLIAM W. FOX, SAUL ALLEY,
+   CHARLES DUSENBERRY and BENJAMIN M. BROWN were appointed
+   _Commissioners_.
+
+   During the year 1834, two surveys were made--one by DAVID
+   B. DOUGLASS and the other by JOHN MARTINEAU.
+
+   In April, 1835, a majority of the Electors of the City voted in
+   favour of constructing the Aqueduct.
+
+   On the 7th May following, the _Common Council_ "instructed the
+   Commissioners to proceed with the work."
+
+   DAVID B. DOUGLASS was employed as _Chief Engineer_ until
+   October, 1836; when he was succeeded by JOHN B. JERVIS.
+
+   In March, 1837, BENJAMIN M. BROWN resigned, and was succeeded
+   by THOMAS T. WOODRUFF.
+
+   In March, 1840, the before mentioned Commissioners were succeeded
+   by SAMUEL STEVENS, JOHN D. WARD, ZEBEDEE RING,
+   BENJAMIN BIRDSALL and SAMUEL R. CHILDS.
+
+   The work was commenced in May, 1837. On the 22nd June, 1842,
+   the Aqueduct was so far completed that it received the Water from the
+   Croton River Lake; on the 27th the Water entered the Receiving Reservoir
+   and was admitted into this Reservoir on the succeeding 4th of July.
+
+   The DAM at the Croton River is 40 feet high, and the overfall
+   251 feet in length.
+
+   The CROTON RIVER LAKE is five miles long, and covers an
+   area of 400 acres.
+
+   The AQUEDUCT, from the DAM to this Reservoir, is 40-1/2 miles
+   long, and will deliver in twenty-four hours 60,000,000 imperial gallons.
+
+   The capacity of the Receiving Reservoir is 150,000,000 gallons,
+   and of this reservoir 20,000,000.
+
+   The cost, to and including this Reservoir, nearly $9,000,000.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+In the pavement of the south court is a tablet with this inscription:
+
+CROTON AQUEDUCT.
+
+DISTRIBUTING RESERVOIR.
+
+COMMISSIONERS.
+
+   SAMUEL STEVENS
+   ZEBEDEE RING
+   JOHN D. WARD
+   BENJ^n BIRDSALL
+   SAMUEL R. CHILDS
+
+ENGINEERS.
+
+   JOHN B. JERVIS. CHIEF.
+   H^o ALLEN, PRIN^l ASSIST.
+   P. HASTIE, RESIDENT.
+
+BUILDERS.
+
+   THOMSON PRICE & SON.
+
+COMMENCED A. D. MDCCCXXXVIII.
+
+COMPLETED A. D. MDCCCXLII.
+
+
+
+
+   TWENTY-FIVE THOUSAND COPIES
+   OF THIS FIRST EDITION OF THE
+   HANDBOOK WERE PRINTED AT
+   THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY
+   IN JUNE 1916
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Handbook of The New York Public Library, by 
+New York Public Library
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HANDBOOK--NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY ***
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+      The Project Gutenberg eBook of Handbook of The New York Public Library, by Unknown.
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+<pre>
+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Handbook of The New York Public Library, by 
+New York Public Library
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Handbook of The New York Public Library
+
+Author: New York Public Library
+
+Release Date: January 31, 2009 [EBook #27954]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HANDBOOK--NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Carla Foust, and The Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was
+produced from images generously made available by The
+Internet Archive/American Libraries.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+
+<div class="transnote">
+<h3>Transcriber's note</h3>
+<p>Minor punctuation errors have been changed without notice. In this version on pages
+<a href="#Page_74">74</a>-<a href="#Page_75">75</a> are diagrams of floor plans. Clicking on these images will show you
+larger versions.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/i001.jpg" width="500" height="285" alt="CENTRAL BUILDING
+THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY" title="" />
+<span class="caption">CENTRAL BUILDING<br />
+
+THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY</span>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<p><br /><br /></p>
+<h1>HANDBOOK<br />
+<br />
+<i>of</i><br />
+<br />
+THE NEW YORK PUBLIC<br />
+LIBRARY</h1>
+
+<p class="fm2">1916</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p class="fm4">Copyright, 1916, by<br />
+<span class="smcap">The New York Public Library</span><br />
+</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="CONTENTS" id="CONTENTS"></a>CONTENTS</h2>
+
+<table summary="CONTENTS">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"><span class="smcap">The Central Building:</span></td>
+<td class="tdr page" colspan="2">PAGE</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Exterior</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_7">7</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Sculpture</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_13">13</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">The rear of the Building</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_15">15</a></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class="center">FIRST FLOOR</p>
+
+<table summary="CONTENTS">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Entrances</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_17">17</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Elevators</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_19">19</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Exhibition Room</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_19">19</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Current Periodicals Room</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_19">19</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Business Offices</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_21">21</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Technology Division</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_21">21</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Patents Room</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_22">22</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">The Library for the Blind</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_22">22</a></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class="center">SECOND FLOOR</p>
+
+<table summary="CONTENTS">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Oriental Division</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_23">23</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Jewish Division</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_23">23</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Slavonic Division</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_23">23</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Science Division</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_25">25</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Economics Division</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_25">25</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Business Offices</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_25">25</a></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class="center">THIRD FLOOR</p>
+
+<table summary="CONTENTS">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Public Catalogue Room</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_27">27</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Information Desk</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_31">31</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Application for Books</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_31">31</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">The Main Reading Room</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_31">31</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">The Library's Books</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_33">33</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Use of Books</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_39">39</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Stack</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_39">39</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Genealogy Room</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_39">39</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">American History Division</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_39">39</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Reserve Books</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_41">41</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Prints Room</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_43">43</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Art and Architecture</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_43">43</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Map Room</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_45">45</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Stuart Gallery</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_45">45</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">General Gallery</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_45">45</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Prints Gallery</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_45">45</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Manuscript Division</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_46">46</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Music Division</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_47">47</a></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class="center">BASEMENT</p>
+
+<table summary="CONTENTS">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Newspaper Room</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_47">47</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Central Circulation Branch</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_49">49</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Children's Room</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_51">51</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Library School</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_51">51</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Public Telephones</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_53">53</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Business Offices</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_53">53</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Travelling Libraries Office</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_53">53</a></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<table summary="CONTENTS">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"><span class="smcap">Circulation Department (branches):</span></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Circulation of Books</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_55">55</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Special Collections</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_57">57</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Interbranch Loan</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_57">57</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Reading Rooms</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_57">57</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Library for the Blind</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_59">59</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Travelling Libraries</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_59">59</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Work with Children</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_61">61</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Lectures and Meetings</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_62">62</a></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<table summary="CONTENTS">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"><span class="smcap">Historical Sketch of the Library:</span></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">The Astor Library</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_63">63</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">The Lenox Library</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_67">67</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">The Tilden Trust</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_67">67</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Consolidation</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_69">69</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">New York Free Circulating Library</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_71">71</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Other Circulating Libraries</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_71">71</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Carnegie Branches</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_71">71</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Management</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_71">71</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Benefactors</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_72">72</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Work of the Library</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_73">73</a></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<hr style="width: 45%;" />
+
+<table summary="CONTENTS">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Floor Plans, Central Building</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_74">74</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Trustees and Officers of the Library</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_76">76</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Directory of Branch Libraries</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_77">77</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">Publications of the Library</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_78">78</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="smcap">The Croton Reservoir</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_79">79</a></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="NOTE" id="NOTE"></a><i>NOTE</i></h2>
+
+
+<p><i>Although the purpose of this Handbook is to tell the principal facts
+about the Library as an institution, its chief use is likely to be that
+of a guide to the Central Building. The section about the Central
+Building is therefore given first place. Any visitor who cares to take
+the trouble, before beginning his tour of the Building, to read the
+brief historical sketch (on pages <a href="#Page_63">63</a>-<a href="#Page_73">73</a>) will have a better
+understanding of the organization and work of the Library, and see the
+reasons for a number of things which might not otherwise be clear.</i></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2>THE CENTRAL BUILDING</h2>
+
+
+<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Open: Week days, including holidays, 9 A.M. to 10 P.M.</span> <span class="smcap">Sundays, 1 P.M.
+to 10 P.M.</span></p>
+
+<p class="center">(Except where otherwise noted these are the hours of the special reading
+rooms.)</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[7]</a></span></p>
+<h2><a name="THE_CENTRAL_BUILDING" id="THE_CENTRAL_BUILDING"></a>THE CENTRAL BUILDING</h2>
+
+
+<p><b>The Central Building</b> of The New York Public Library is on the western
+side of Fifth Avenue, occupying the two blocks between 40th and 42nd
+Streets. It stands on part of the site of the old Croton distributing
+reservoir, and it was built by the City of New York at a cost of about
+nine million dollars.</p>
+
+<p>Competitions to choose the architect for the building were held in 1897,
+two years after The New York Public Library was incorporated. The result
+of the competition was the selection of Messrs. Carr&egrave;re and Hastings, of
+New York, as architects. In 1899 the work of removing the old reservoir
+began. Various legal difficulties and labor troubles delayed beginning
+the construction of the building, but by November 10, 1902, the work had
+progressed so far that the cornerstone was laid. The building was opened
+to the public May 23, 1911, in the presence of the President of the
+United States, the Governor of the State of New York, the Mayor of New
+York, and an audience of about six hundred persons.</p>
+
+<p><b>Exterior.</b> The material of the building is largely Vermont marble, and
+the style that of the modern Renaissance, somewhat in the manner of the
+period of Louis XVI, with certain modifications to suit the conditions
+of to-day. It is rectangular in shape, 390 feet long and 270 feet deep,
+built around two inner courts. It has a cellar, basement or ground
+floor, and three upper floors.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[8]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i009.jpg" width="400" height="289" alt="MAIN ENTRANCE" title="" />
+<span class="caption">MAIN ENTRANCE</span>
+</div>
+
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[9]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"The Library," wrote Mr. A. C. David, in the <i>Architectural Record</i><a name="FNanchor_1_1" id="FNanchor_1_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_1_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a>,
+"is undeniably popular. It has already taken its place in the public
+mind as a building of which every New Yorker may be proud, and this
+opinion of the building is shared by the architectural profession of the
+country. Of course, it does not please everybody; but if American
+architects in good standing were asked to name the one building which
+embodied most of what was good in contemporary American architecture,
+The New York Public Library would be the choice of a handsome majority."</p>
+
+<p>Mr. David continued: "The Library is not, then, intended to be a great
+monumental building, which would look almost as well from one point of
+view as another, and which would be fundamentally an example of pure
+architectural form. It is designed rather to face on the avenue of a
+city, and not to seem out of place on such a site. It is essentially and
+frankly an instance of street architecture; and as an instance of street
+architecture it is distinguished in its appearance rather than imposing.
+Not, indeed, that it is lacking in dignity. The fa&ccedil;ade on Fifth Avenue
+has poise, as well as distinction; character, as well as good manners.
+But still it does not insist upon its own peculiar importance, as every
+monumental building must do. It is content with a somewhat humbler r&ocirc;le,
+but one which is probably more appropriate. It looks ingratiating rather
+than imposing, and that is probably one reason for its popularity. It is
+intended for popular rather than for official use, and the building
+issues to the people an invitation to enter rather than a command....</p>
+
+<p>"The final judgment on the Library will be, consequently, that it is not
+a great monument, because considerations of architectural form have in
+several conspicuous instances been deliberately subordinated to the
+needs of the plan. In this respect it resembles the new Museum of Fine
+Arts in Boston. The building is at bottom a compromise between two
+groups of partly antagonistic demands, and a compromise can hardly ever
+become a consummate example of architectural form. But, on the other<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[10]</a></span>
+hand, Messrs. Carr&egrave;re and Hastings have, as in so many other cases, made
+their compromise successful. Faithful as they have been to the
+fundamental requirement of adapting the building to its purpose as a
+library, they have also succeeded in making it look well; and they have
+succeeded in making it look well partly because the design is
+appropriate to its function as a building in which books are stored,
+read and distributed. A merely monumental library always appears
+somewhat forbidding and remote. The Library looks attractive, and so far
+as a large building can, even intimate....</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 303px;">
+<img src="images/i011.jpg" width="303" height="400" alt="TERRACE IN FRONT OF LIBRARY
+Looking South" title="" />
+<span class="caption">TERRACE IN FRONT OF LIBRARY<br />
+Looking South</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i012.jpg" width="400" height="267" alt="By Edward C. Potter" title="" />
+<span class="caption">By Edward C. Potter</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[11]</a></span></p>
+<p>"The popularity of the Library has, consequently, been well earned. The
+public has reason to like it, because it offers them a smiling
+countenance; and the welcome it gives is merely the outward and visible
+sign of an inward grace. When people enter they will find a building
+which has been ingeniously and carefully adapted to their use.
+Professional architects like it, because they recognize the skill, the
+good taste and the abundant resources of which the building, as a whole,
+is the result; and while many of them doubtless cherish a secret
+thought that they would have done it better, they are obliged to
+recognize that in order to have done it better they would have been
+obliged to exhibit a high degree of architectural intelligence. In the
+realism of its plan and in the mixture of dignity and distinction in the
+design, The New York Public Library is typical of that which is best in
+the contemporary American architectural movement; and New York is
+fortunate, indeed, that such a statement can be made of the most
+important public building erected in the city during several
+generations."</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[12]</a></span></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 309px;">
+<img src="images/i013.jpg" width="309" height="400" alt="TERRACE LOOKING NORTH" title="" />
+<span class="caption">TERRACE LOOKING NORTH</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[13]</a></span></p>
+<div class="figright" style="width: 195px;">
+<img src="images/i014.jpg" width="195" height="400" alt="ROMANCE By Paul Bartlett" title="" />
+<span class="caption">ROMANCE By Paul Bartlett</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Sculpture.</b> Of the sculptural designs, the two lions on either side of
+the main approach are by E. C. Potter. They have been subjected to much
+criticism, mainly of a humorous nature, and in the daily press. This
+adverse comment has not been endorsed by critics of art and
+architecture. Mr. Potter was chosen for this work by Augustus St.
+Gaudens, and again, after Mr. St. Gaudens' death, by Mr. D. C. French,
+also an eminent sculptor. Any layman can satisfy himself, by a brief
+observation of the building as a whole, that the architectural balance
+of the structure demands figures of heroic size to flank the main
+approach. With that requirement in view, the designer of such figures
+has but a limited choice of subject, since there are few living
+creatures whose forms possess dignity without being cumbrous. The
+sculptor in this instance has followed well-estab<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[14]</a></span>lished precedents in
+designing the lions according to the canons of decorative art. They are
+as realistic as would be suitable for figures of this size, and in this
+position.</p>
+
+<p>The groups in the pediments are by George Gray Barnard; the one in the
+northern pediment represents History, and the one in the southern, Art.</p>
+
+<p>The figures above the fountains on either side of the main entrance are
+by Frederick MacMonnies; the man seated on the Sphinx, on the northern
+side of the entrance represents Truth. On the southern side, the figure
+of the woman seated on Pegasus represents Beauty. Above the figure of
+Truth is this inscription from the Apocrypha (<a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/etext/8315">1 Esdras</a>, chapter 3):</p>
+
+<p class="fm3">BUT ABOVE ALL THINGS<br />
+TRUTH<br />
+BEARETH AWAY<br />
+THE VICTORY</p>
+
+<p>The inscription above the figure of Beauty is:</p>
+
+<p class="fm3">BEAUTY<br />
+OLD YET EVER NEW<br />
+ETERNAL VOICE<br />
+AND INWARD WORD
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[15]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>This is from the twenty-first stanza of Whittier's poem, "The Shadow and
+the Light."</p>
+
+<p>The six figures above the main entrance are by Paul Bartlett; naming
+them from north to south they are: History, Drama, Poetry, Religion,
+Romance, and Philosophy. Above the entrance are inscriptions concerning
+three of the component parts of The New York Public Library. They are as
+follows:</p>
+
+<div class="figleft" style="width: 182px;">
+<img src="images/i015.jpg" width="182" height="400" alt="PHILOSOPHY By Paul Bartlett" title="" />
+<span class="caption">PHILOSOPHY By Paul Bartlett</span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="fm3">THE LENOX LIBRARY<br />
+FOUNDED BY<br />
+JAMES LENOX<br />
+DEDICATED TO HISTORY<br />
+LITERATURE AND THE FINE ARTS<br />
+MDCCCLXX<br />
+<br />
+THE ASTOR LIBRARY<br />
+FOUNDED BY<br />
+JOHN JACOB ASTOR<br />
+FOR THE<br />
+ADVANCEMENT OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE<br />
+MDCCCXLVIII<br />
+<br />
+THE TILDEN TRUST<br />
+FOUNDED BY<br />
+SAMUEL JONES TILDEN<br />
+TO SERVE THE INTERESTS OF<br />
+SCIENCE AND POPULAR EDUCATION<br />
+MDCCCLXXXVI<br />
+</p>
+
+<p>Beneath these is this inscription:</p>
+
+<p class="fm3">MDCCCXCV&nbsp; THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY&nbsp; MDCCCCII</p>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+<p>Of the dates in this inscription, the first, 1895, is that of the
+incorporation of The New York Public Library; the second, 1902, is that
+of the laying of the cornerstone.</p>
+
+<p>The statue of William Cullen Bryant, behind the Library, is by Herbert
+Adams.</p>
+
+<hr style="width: 45%;" />
+
+<p><b>The rear of the building</b> should be viewed from Bryant Park. The long
+windows are to light the bookstack. Some critics have commended the
+rear of the building very highly. Mr. A. C. David, in the article
+previously quoted, says:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>"This fa&ccedil;ade is very plainly treated, without any pretence to
+architectural effect. It is, indeed, designed <span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[16]</a></span>frankly as the rear
+of a structure which is not meant to be looked at except on the
+other sides. Any attempt, consequently, at monumental treatment has
+been abandoned. The building is designed to be seen from Fifth
+Avenue and from the side streets. The rear, on Bryant Park, merely
+takes care of itself; and one of the largest apartments in any
+edifice in the United States is practically concealed, so far as
+any positive exterior result is concerned."</p></div>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i017.jpg" width="400" height="359" alt="A RAINY DAY&mdash;FIFTH AVENUE
+From an Etching by Charles B. King" title="" />
+<span class="caption">A RAINY DAY&mdash;FIFTH AVENUE<br />
+From an Etching by Charles B. King</span>
+</div>
+
+<p>The large apartment referred to in this quotation is the Main Reading
+Room of the Library, which is described farther on in this Handbook.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[17]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<p class="fm3">FIRST FLOOR</p>
+<div class="figright" style="width: 218px;">
+<img src="images/i018.jpg" width="218" height="400" alt="TRUTH
+By Frederick MacMonnies" title="" />
+<span class="caption">TRUTH<br />
+By Frederick MacMonnies</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Entrances.</b> There are two entrances to the Library, the main entrance on
+Fifth Avenue, and the side door on 42nd Street, which gives admission to
+the basement, where the Central Circulation Room, the Newspaper Room and
+the Central Children's Room are to be found. On a first visit, however,
+the sightseer should use the main entrance on Fifth Avenue, in order to
+see the lobby, which rises through two stories, with broad staircases to
+the right and left. The flying arches of these staircases are of
+seventeen feet span, and are all of marble without any brick or metal
+work whatever. The marble used in the lobby is from Vermont. The ceiling
+is a true marble vault of forty feet span, supporting itself and the
+floor over it, with no metal whatever, except some reinforcing rods
+buried in the concrete filling in the floor above.</p>
+
+
+
+<p>Between the pillars facing the entrance are two inscriptions. At the
+left is this:</p>
+
+<p class="fm3">THE CITY OF NEW YORK<br />
+HAS ERECTED THIS BUILDING<br />
+TO BE MAINTAINED FOREVER<br />
+AS A FREE LIBRARY<br />
+FOR THE USE OF THE PEOPLE<br /></p>
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[18]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>And at the right:</p>
+
+<p class="fm3">
+ON THE DIFFUSION OF EDUCATION<br />
+AMONG THE PEOPLE<br />
+REST THE PRESERVATION<br />
+AND PERPETUATION<br />
+OF OUR FREE INSTITUTIONS</p>
+
+
+<p>The latter is a quotation from an address by Daniel Webster at Madison,
+Indiana, June 1, 1837.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 308px;">
+<img src="images/i019.jpg" width="308" height="400" alt="PART OF MAIN FA&Ccedil;ADE" title="" />
+<span class="caption">PART OF MAIN FA&Ccedil;ADE</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[19]</a></span></p>
+<p><b>Elevators</b> are near the northern or 42nd Street end of the building.
+There is also a staircase at this end of the building, in addition to
+the staircases near the main entrance.</p>
+
+<div class="figright" style="width: 211px;">
+<img src="images/i020.jpg" width="211" height="400" alt="" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Exhibition Room.</b> Directly opposite the main entrance is the Exhibition
+Room, finished in white Vermont marble. The ceiling is supported by
+twenty-four columns of green veined white marble. The ceiling itself is
+elaborately and beautifully carved in oak. This room is devoted to
+exhibitions of rare books, manuscripts and prints. The exhibitions are
+changed from time to time, usually as often as three or four times a
+year. Open 9&nbsp;a.&nbsp;m. to 6&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m. on week days; 1 to 5&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m. Sundays.</p>
+
+<p><b>Current Periodicals Room.</b> The corridor to the south from the main
+entrance leads to the Current Periodicals Room (Room Number 111). Here
+about 4,500 current periodicals are on file. A hundred of these are on
+open racks. The others may be obtained upon application at the desk. A
+classified finding list gives the reader the titles of periodicals kept
+here. As this room is sometimes confused in the public mind with a
+popular or club reading room, it should be remembered that this is one
+department in a building primarily devoted<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[20]</a></span> to the reference work of the
+Library. The few restrictions which are imposed are only for the purpose
+of keeping the files intact for binding. The Branches of The New York
+Public Library contain reading rooms where all the periodicals are on
+open racks.</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[21]</a></span></p>
+
+<p><b>Business Offices.</b> Following the corridor leading south and then turning
+to the right along the 40th Street side of the building, one reaches
+some of the business offices of the Library&mdash;the office of the Bursar
+(No. 104), of the Building Superintendent (No. 103), of the Chief of the
+Circulation Department (No. 102), and of the Supervisor of work with
+children (No. 105). These offices are open for any persons who have
+occasion to visit them for business reasons, but they are of no interest
+to sightseers. In Room 100, devoted mainly to the cataloguing work of
+the Circulation Department, there is a card catalogue of all the books
+in this Department,&mdash;that is, in the Branches of the Library. The Room
+is open to the public, for the consultation of this catalogue, on week
+days from 9&nbsp;a.&nbsp;m. to 5&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 299px;">
+<img src="images/i021.jpg" width="299" height="400" alt="FRONT DOOR" title="" />
+<span class="caption">FRONT DOOR</span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figright" style="width: 223px;">
+<img src="images/i022.jpg" width="223" height="400" alt="BASE OF FLAGPOLE" title="" />
+<span class="caption">BASE OF FLAGPOLE</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Technology Division.</b> Following the corridor leading to the north from
+the main entrance, there is, on the right, the room of the Technology
+Division (No. 115), devoted to applied science and engineering. The
+collection of books in this Division, or under its control, numbers
+about 65,000. In this room, as in all the special reading rooms, with a
+few exceptions, books are on open shelves for the free access of readers
+and students.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[22]</a></span></p>
+
+<p><b>Patents Room</b> (No. 121). At the end of the corridor parallel to 42nd
+Street, is the Patents Room, a part of the Technology Division. It is
+open from 9&nbsp;a.&nbsp;m. to 6&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m. on week days, and is closed on Sundays.
+Patents may be consulted evenings and Sundays by arrangement with the
+technology librarian, Room 115.</p>
+
+<p><b>The Library for the Blind</b> (No. 116) is on the inner or western side of
+the corridor leading north from the main entrance. This collection
+contains about 8,000 books in embossed type for blind readers, and, in
+addition, 5,500 music scores, also in embossed type. These books are
+lent not only in Greater New York, but are sent free by mail to blind
+readers in all parts of the States of New York, New Jersey, and
+Connecticut. A teacher employed by the Library goes to homes and
+institutions in the City of New York to teach adult blind persons to
+read by touch. The room is open on week days from 9&nbsp;a.&nbsp;m. to 5&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m. A
+bronze tablet on the wall bears the following inscription:<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[23]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figleft" style="width: 202px;">
+<img src="images/i023.jpg" width="202" height="400" alt="NORTH WING" title="" />
+<span class="caption">NORTH WING</span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="fm3">
+THE NEW YORK<br />
+FREE CIRCULATING LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND<br />
+WAS FOUNDED BY RICHARD RANDALL FERRY<br />
+<br />
+<br />
+THROUGH THE EXERTIONS OF CLARA A. WILLIAMS<br />
+THIS LIBRARY WAS PERMANENTLY ESTABLISHED<br />
+<br />
+INCORPORATED, JUNE 3, 1895<br />
+TRANSFERRED TO THE N. Y. PUBLIC LIBRARY, FEB. 21, 1903<br />
+<br />
+TRUSTEES<br />
+<br />
+WILLIAM B. WAIT<br />
+CLARA A. WILLIAMS<br />
+CLARK B. FERRY<br />
+RICHARD RANDALL FERRY<br />
+CHARLES W. WESTON<br />
+</p>
+
+<p>The trustees named on the tablet are, of course, those of the former
+organization: the "New York Free Circulating Library for the Blind."</p>
+
+
+<p class="fm3">SECOND FLOOR</p>
+
+<p>On the second floor a corridor runs along the front of the building,
+turning into short corridors at the north and south, and also into a
+central corridor. From these corridors open studies, offices and special
+reading rooms. In the central corridor, four studies open on the right,
+while the fifth room on this side is devoted to the:</p>
+
+<p><b>Oriental Division</b> (No. 219), with a collection of about 20,000 books and
+pamphlets in Arabic, Persian, Turkish, Chinese, Japanese, and other
+eastern languages. Open 9&nbsp;a.&nbsp;m. to 6&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m. week days.</p>
+
+<p><b>Jewish Division</b> (No. 217). Opposite the Oriental Division, on the south
+side of this central corridor, is the reading room devoted to the Jewish
+Division. There are about 24,000 books in the collection.</p>
+
+<p><b>Slavonic Division.</b> The room devoted to the Slavonic Division (No. 216)
+is also on the south side of the central corridor. The resources of this
+Division, books and periodicals in the various Slavonic languages,
+number about 23,000.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[24]</a></span></p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[25]</a></span></p>
+<p><b>Science Division.</b> On the corridor parallel to Fifth Avenue, and leading
+north from the main staircase, the room on the right contains the
+Science Division (No. 225). There are about 35,000 books under the
+control of this Division.</p>
+
+<p><b>Economics Division.</b> From the corridor on the northern or 42nd Street end
+of the building open the rooms devoted to Public Documents (No. 229) and
+Economics and Sociology. These were formerly separate divisions, but now
+united, and the entrance is through Room 229. The resources of the
+Division (including the large collection of Public Documents) number
+about 400,000 books and pamphlets.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i025.jpg" width="400" height="224" alt="REAR OF LIBRARY FROM BRYANT PARK" title="" />
+<span class="caption">REAR OF LIBRARY FROM BRYANT PARK</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Business Offices.</b> The rooms opening from the corridor running south from
+the main staircase are mostly business offices, devoted to the
+administration of the Library. They are of little interest to
+sightseers, but are open to any persons who have occasion to visit them.
+They include, on the front of the building, a lecture room (No. 213),
+the office of the Director of the Library (No. 210), and the meeting
+room of the Board of Trustees (No. 205). On the inner or western side of
+the corridor are: a study (No. 214), the office of the Editor of
+Publications (No. 212), and of the Reference Librarian (No. 211). The
+Trustees' Room may be seen on special application at the Director's
+office. Over the mantelpiece in this room is the inscription:</p>
+
+<p class="fm3">
+THE CITY OF NEW YORK HAS ERECTED THIS<br />
+BUILDING FOR THE FREE USE OF ALL THE PEOPLE<br />
+MCMX<br />
+I LOOK TO THE DIFFUSION OF LIGHT AND EDUCATION<br />
+AS THE RESOURCE MOST TO BE RELIED ON FOR<br />
+AMELIORATING THE CONDITION PROMOTING THE VIRTUE<br />
+AND ADVANCING THE HAPPINESS OF MAN<br />
+<br />
+THOMAS JEFFERSON<br /></p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[26]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i027.jpg" width="400" height="266" alt="MALL BEHIND LIBRARY" title="" />
+<span class="caption">MALL BEHIND LIBRARY</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[27]</a></span></p>
+<p>On the corridor leading west, and running along the 40th Street end of
+the building, are workrooms, open only to visitors having business
+engagements. These rooms are the office of the Order Division (No. 204)
+and of the Cataloguing and Accessions Divisions (No. 200 and No. 201).</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i028.jpg" width="400" height="287" alt="SOUTH COURT" title="" />
+<span class="caption">SOUTH COURT</span>
+</div>
+
+
+<p class="fm3">THIRD FLOOR</p>
+
+<p>The most important room on the third floor and, indeed, the centre of
+activity of the entire Reference Department of the Library, is the Main
+Reading Room, approached through the Public Catalogue Room. The latter
+opens from the western side of the corridor at the head of the
+staircases.</p>
+
+<p><b>Public Catalogue Room.</b> This room (No. 315) contains the catalogue of the
+books in the Reference Department of the Library,&mdash;that is, the books
+available to readers in the Main Reading Room and in the special reading<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[28]</a></span>
+rooms of the Central Building. It is a dictionary catalogue, on cards,
+in which the books are entered by author, by subject, and by title, when
+the title is distinctive. The catalogue is in trays arranged in
+alphabetical order, beginning on the northwest wall of the room and
+running to the right. At the end of this catalogue, and on the southern
+side of the room, is an author catalogue of the books in the Central
+Circulation Branch and Central Children's Room, Rooms 78 and 80, in the
+basement. At the end of this second catalogue and separated from it by a
+public telephone, is a catalogue of the books in the Library of Congress
+for which printed catalogue cards have been issued.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 276px;">
+<img src="images/i029.jpg" width="276" height="400" alt="NORTHWEST CORNER" title="" />
+<span class="caption">NORTHWEST CORNER</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[29]</a></span></p>
+<p>Near the entrance to the Public Catalogue Room, and at the right, is a
+bronze tablet:</p>
+
+<p class="fm3">
+BORN A.D. MDCCCXIII<br />
+(Bas-relief of Sir Isaac Pitman)<br />
+TABLET ERECTED A.D. MCMXIII<br />
+TO COMMEMORATE<br />
+THE<br />
+ONE HUNDREDTH ANNIVERSARY<br />
+OF THE BIRTH OF<br />
+SIR ISAAC PITMAN<br />
+AND IN RECOGNITION OF THE<br />
+IMPORTANT COLLECTION OF<br />
+SHORTHAND LITERATURE<br />
+IN THE<br />
+NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY<br />
+</p>
+
+<p>Over the door leading from the Public Catalogue Room to the Main Reading
+Room is inscribed the famous quotation from Milton's "Areopagitica":</p>
+
+<p class="fm3">
+A good Booke<br />
+is the precious life-blood of a<br />
+master spirit, embalm'd and treasur'd<br />
+up on purpose to a life beyond life<br /></p>
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[30]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 302px;">
+<img src="images/i031.jpg" width="302" height="400" alt="ENTRANCE LOBBY" title="" />
+<span class="caption">ENTRANCE LOBBY</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[31]</a></span></p>
+<p><b>Information Desk.</b> The Information Desk of the Library is in the Public
+Catalogue Room, and here inquiries should be made about the resources
+and regulations of the Library, the use of the catalogue, and any other
+matter upon which the visitor may have a question to ask.</p>
+
+<div class="figright" style="width: 111px;">
+<img src="images/i032.jpg" width="111" height="400" alt="" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Application for books</b> to be used in the Main Reading Room should be made
+in the Public Catalogue Room. The applicant writes his request upon the
+slip furnished for the purpose, and files it at the desk in this room. A
+numbered ticket is handed him, which he takes into the Main Reading
+Room, going to the right if the ticket number is odd; to the left if the
+number is even. He then waits at the indicator at the western end of the
+delivery desk until the number on his ticket appears. This means that
+his books are ready for him at the desk. If, however, he prefers first
+to select a seat in the Main Reading Room, he should write the number of
+that seat on his application, and his books will be left at that seat,
+if he is there to receive them.</p>
+
+<p><b>The Main Reading Room</b>, in the rear, extends nearly the entire length of
+the building. It has a floor area of half an acre, and is divided in the
+middle by a booth from which books are delivered. There are seats for
+768 readers. Mr. A. C. David, in the article previously quoted from the
+<i>Architectural Record</i>, says:</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[32]</a></span></p><div class="blockquot"><p>"The Main Reading Room is one of the most spacious rooms in the
+world&mdash;beautifully proportioned, lighted by a series of windows on
+both the long sides of the room, and entirely accessible to the
+stacks. To have obtained a room of these dimensions, so excellently
+adapted to its purpose in every respect, was a great triumph for
+the architects."</p></div>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[33]</a></span></p>
+<p>The shelves along the walls contain a collection of about
+25,000 volumes. These books are not only the usual works of
+reference,&mdash;dictionaries, encyclopaedias, and the like, but they also
+include a good working library of general literature,&mdash;philosophy,
+religion, science, history, law, biography, standard novels, poetry, and
+the drama. These books are for the free use of anyone in this room,
+without the need of making any application. The reader has only to
+select the book he wishes, and to take it to a table, where he may
+consult it. When he has finished he should leave it on the table, rather
+than attempt to return it to its place, since a misplaced book is
+temporarily lost.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 267px;">
+<img src="images/i033.jpg" width="267" height="400" alt="DOOR OF EXHIBITION ROOM" title="" />
+<span class="caption">DOOR OF EXHIBITION ROOM</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><b>The Library's Books.</b> It should be kept in mind that the books of the
+Reference Department are all in the Central Building, and must all be
+used in that building. The great body of them are in the stack beneath
+the Main Reading Room. In addition, there are the books in the Main
+Reading Room itself, and in the special reading rooms in other parts of
+the building. Books and pamphlets number, altogether, about one million
+and a quarter.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 287px;">
+<img src="images/i035.jpg" width="287" height="400" alt="ENTRANCE LOBBY, LOOKING WEST" title="" />
+<span class="caption">ENTRANCE LOBBY, LOOKING WEST</span>
+</div>
+
+<p>The books in the Central Circulation Room and in the Children's Room in
+the basement, the books in the Library for the Blind, those in the
+Travelling Libraries office in the basement, and those in the
+forty-three Branch Libraries in other parts of the Boroughs of
+Manhattan, The Bronx, and Richmond are under<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[34]</a></span> control of the
+Circulation Department of the Library. Nearly all of these books are
+lent to borrowers for home use. They number about 1,100,000 volumes.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i036.jpg" width="400" height="387" alt="SOUTH SIDE OF EXHIBITION ROOM" title="" />
+<span class="caption">SOUTH SIDE OF EXHIBITION ROOM</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i037.jpg" width="400" height="237" alt="MAIN READING ROOM" title="" />
+<span class="caption">MAIN READING ROOM</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[35]</a></span></p>
+<p>In regard to the books in the Reference Department, it is correct to say
+that in them the Library owns a well-balanced collection for research in
+nearly every branch of human knowledge. The books formerly in the Astor
+and Lenox Libraries compose the foundation of the collection. The
+subjects most adequately represented are those of American history, of<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[36]</a></span>
+topics connected with the American continents, and the economic and
+social sciences. There are also extensive sets of public documents, of
+the publications of learned institutions, as well as comprehensive files
+of periodicals. In recent years not so much attempt has been made to get
+publications on law, theology, medicine and biology, since there are
+special libraries, elsewhere in the City, where these subjects are
+covered. The reader is nevertheless sure to find in the special reading
+rooms, and in the books which may be brought to the Main Reading Room
+for his use, the fundamental printed sources in practically every field
+of knowledge.</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[37]</a></span></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i038.jpg" width="400" height="382" alt="PANEL IN CEILING, EXHIBITION ROOM" title="" />
+<span class="caption">PANEL IN CEILING, EXHIBITION ROOM</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[38]</a></span></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 297px;">
+<img src="images/i039.jpg" width="297" height="400" alt="DOOR IN SCREEN
+Main Reading Room" title="" />
+<span class="caption">DOOR IN SCREEN<br />
+Main Reading Room</span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figright" style="width: 150px;">
+<img src="images/i040.jpg" width="150" height="400" alt="" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[39]</a></span></p>
+<p><b>Use of Books.</b> The Library's situation in the metropolis, and its freedom
+from restrictions (according to the custom of American libraries) have
+caused the use of its books to become two or three times greater than
+that of any of the other large libraries of the world; the average daily
+number of readers is more than double the number in any foreign library.</p>
+
+<p><b>Stack.</b> Underneath the Main Reading Room is the steel stack, in seven
+decks, containing 334,500 feet, or 63.3 miles, of shelving. It has room
+for about 2,500,000 books. (The special reading rooms have a shelf
+capacity for about 500,000 books.) The books in the stack are brought by
+electric elevators to the Main Reading Room, as they are called for by
+readers. The stack is not open to readers or visitors.</p>
+
+<p><b>Genealogy Room.</b> At the northern end of the Main Reading Room is the room
+devoted to Local History and Genealogy (No. 328). The collection numbers
+about thirty thousand volumes.</p>
+
+<p><b>American History Division.</b> At the southern end of the Main Reading Room
+is the room devoted to American history (No. 300). It is one of the
+strongest<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[40]</a></span> divisions of the Library, since its books are so
+distinguished among collections of this kind as to make them of the
+greatest importance to students and scholars in the field of American
+history. The foundation of this collection was formed by the books on
+American history owned by James Lenox, the founder of the Lenox Library,
+one of the components of the present New York Public Library. The tablet
+in the floor near the entrance of Room 300 is inscribed as follows:</p>
+
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[41]</a></span></p>
+<p class="fm3">
+IN MEMORY OF<br />
+JAMES LENOX<br />
+A NATIVE AND RESIDENT OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK<br />
+BORN AUGUST 19 1800<br />
+DIED FEBRUARY 17 1880<br />
+THE TRUSTEES OF<br />
+THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY<br />
+ASTOR LENOX AND TILDEN FOUNDATIONS<br />
+IN PERFORMANCE OF A GRATEFUL DUTY<br />
+HAVE CAUSED THIS TABLET TO BE PLACED<br />
+HERE AMONG THE BOOKS HE CHERISHED<br />
+AS A MEMORIAL OF HIS SERVICES<br />
+TO THE HISTORY OF AMERICA<br />
+</p>
+
+<p>From the corridors on the front and sides of the third floor, rooms open
+in the following order, beginning with the corridor at the south,
+running along the 40th Street side of the building:</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i041.jpg" width="400" height="224" alt="PART OF MAIN READING ROOM" title="" />
+<span class="caption">PART OF MAIN READING ROOM</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Reserve Books</b> (No. 303): In this room are kept the rare and reserved
+books of the Library.</p>
+
+<p>Among the foremost treasures of the Library are: the Gutenberg Bible
+(printed by Gutenberg and Fust about 1455, one of the earliest books
+printed from movable types); the Coverdale Bible (1535); Tyndale's
+Pentateuch (1530) and New Testament (1536); and Eliot's Indian Bible. In
+fact, the collection of early Bibles in English is one of the great
+collections of the kind in existence. The Library also owns four<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[42]</a></span> copies
+of the First Folio Shakespeare (1623); several copies of the Second,
+Third, and Fourth Folios (1632, 1663-64, 1685); thirty-five editions of
+the Shakespeare Quartos, before 1709; eight works printed by William
+Caxton (1475-90); the Bay Psalm Book, the first book printed in the
+territory now comprised in the United States (Cambridge, 1640); and the
+Doctrina Christiana, printed in Mexico in 1544.</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[43]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 345px;">
+<img src="images/i043.jpg" width="345" height="400" alt="BOOK STACK
+(Showing Half the Length of One Deck)" title="" />
+<span class="caption">BOOK STACK<br />
+(Showing Half the Length of One Deck)</span>
+</div>
+
+<p>One contribution to the Library has been commemorated by a tablet near
+the door of this room. It bears the inscription:</p>
+
+<p class="fm3">
+THE<br />
+BAILEY MYERS COLLECTION<br />
+OF<br />
+AMERICANA<br />
+FORMED BY<br />
+THEODORUS BAILEY MYERS<br />
+OF<br />
+NEW YORK CITY<br />
+1821-1888<br />
+GIVEN BY HIS WIDOW, DAUGHTER<br />
+AND DAUGHTER-IN-LAW AS A<br />
+MEMORIAL OF HIM AND HIS SON<br />
+THEODORUS BAILEY MYERS MASON<br />
+LIEUTENANT COMMANDER<br />
+UNITED STATES NAVY<br />
+</p>
+
+<p>Opposite, in Room 304, is the office of the Bibliographer of the
+Library, and of the Chief of the American History Division.</p>
+
+<p><b>Prints Room.</b> Opening from the corridor on the east (the front) of the
+Library is the Prints Room (No. 308). Open 9&nbsp;a.&nbsp;m. to 6&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m. week days;
+1 to 6&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m. Sundays. Here is the Samuel P. Avery Collection of 18,000
+prints. They are mainly French and other modern etchings and
+lithographs. There is also a large collection of modern American prints,
+a collection of Japanese prints in color, and a collection of old prints
+illustrating the development of reproductive graphic art to the present
+day.</p>
+
+<p><b>Art and Architecture.</b> Room 313 is the reading room devoted to Art and
+Architecture. The resources of the collection, about 25,000 books, deal
+with art and craftsmanship in the widest sense.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[44]</a></span></p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[45]</a></span></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i045.jpg" width="400" height="265" alt="TRUSTEES&#39; ROOM" title="" />
+<span class="caption">TRUSTEES&#39; ROOM</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Map Room.</b> On the inner, or western, side of this corridor, opposite Room
+313, is the Map Room (No. 312), a part of the American History Division.
+Open 9&nbsp;a.&nbsp;m. to 6&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m. on week days.</p>
+
+<p><b>Stuart Gallery.</b> Opening from the corridor on the front of the building,
+and directly opposite the entrance to the Public Catalogue Room, is the
+room devoted to the Stuart Collection (No. 316). Open 9&nbsp;a.&nbsp;m. to 6&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m.
+on week days. Closed on Sundays. This contains pictures, books, and
+other objects of art bequeathed by Mrs. Robert L. Stuart. On the east
+wall of the Gallery is a tablet with this inscription:</p>
+
+<p class="fm3">
+THE<br />
+ROBERT L. STUART<br />
+COLLECTION<br />
+THE GIFT OF HIS WIDOW,<br />
+MRS. MARY STUART.<br />
+BEQUEATHED TO THE<br />
+LENOX LIBRARY<br />
+1892.<br />
+</p>
+
+<p>Catalogues of the paintings are on sale for ten cents.</p>
+
+<p><b>General Gallery.</b> The next room to the north is the general gallery (No.
+318). (Sign reads "Picture Gallery.") The pictures in this room are
+largely from the collection of James Lenox. The catalogue, mentioned in
+the preceding paragraph, gives a list of them, and a brief description
+of many. Open 9&nbsp;a.&nbsp;m. to 6&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m. week days and 1 to 5&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m. Sundays.</p>
+
+<p><b>Prints Gallery.</b> Opening from No. 318, and also from the north end of the
+front corridor, is the Prints Gallery (No. 321). Here are held
+exhibitions of prints, changed several times each year. Open 9&nbsp;a.&nbsp;m. to
+6&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m. on week days and 1 to 5&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m. Sundays.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[46]</a></span></p>
+
+<p><b>Manuscript Division.</b> On the west or inner side of the front corridor is
+the research room of the Manuscript Division (No. 319). This is open
+only to those who hold cards signed by the Director of the Library. Open
+9&nbsp;a.&nbsp;m. to 6&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m. week days. The Division has a good selection of
+Oriental manuscripts, and of European illuminated manuscripts. Among
+these older ones may be mentioned an "Evangelistarium, sive Lectiones ex
+Evangeliis," a French-Carlovingian manuscript on 200 vellum leaves, date
+about 870 A. D. Another manuscript of special note is the work of Giulio
+Clovio, his "Christi Vita ab Evangelistis descripta," sometimes called
+"The Towneley Lectionary." It was made for Alexander, Cardinal Farnese,
+and was presented by him to Pope Paul III.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i047.jpg" width="400" height="281" alt="ONE OF THE SPECIAL READING ROOMS
+(Genealogy and Local History)" title="" />
+<span class="caption">ONE OF THE SPECIAL READING ROOMS<br />
+(Genealogy and Local History)</span>
+</div>
+
+<p>The collection of American historical manuscripts<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[47]</a></span> ranks as one of the
+best in the United States. Here, for example, is the original manuscript
+of Washington's "Farewell Address," a copy of the Declaration of
+Independence in Jefferson's autograph, and many other letters and
+original sources for research. Lists of the principal manuscripts have
+been printed in the Bulletin of The New York Public Library (Volume 5,
+page 306-336, and volume 19, page 135-162).</p>
+
+<p><b>Music Division.</b> Turning to the west, the corridor along the 42nd Street
+side of the building leads to the Music Division (No. 324), which opens
+from the north side of the corridor. It is open week days from 9&nbsp;a.&nbsp;m.
+to 6&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m. The resources of the Division number about twenty-two
+thousand volumes and pieces of music.</p>
+
+<p>A tablet at the north end of the room bears this inscription:</p>
+
+<p class="fm3">
+DREXEL MUSICAL LIBRARY.<br />
+THE LEGACY OF JOSEPH W. DREXEL 1888.<br />
+</p>
+
+<p>On the east wall is a tablet reading as follows:</p>
+
+<p class="fm3">
+IN MEMORY OF<br />
+1855&nbsp; JULIAN EDWARDS&nbsp; 1910<br />
+WHOSE COLLECTION OF MUSIC SCORES<br />
+AND BOOKS WAS GIVEN TO THIS LIBRARY<br />
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="fm3">BASEMENT</p>
+
+<p>The basement contains three rooms of public interest. The entrance from
+42nd Street is the most convenient way to reach these rooms from the
+outside of the building, but a visitor on one of the upper floors should
+take the elevator or the staircase, both near the north end of the
+building.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i049.jpg" width="400" height="250" alt="CENTRAL CIRCULATION ROOM" title="" />
+<span class="caption">CENTRAL CIRCULATION ROOM</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Newspaper Room.</b> In the Newspaper Room (No. 84) about sixty daily
+newspapers are on racks for free use, without the need of any
+application. About twenty-five foreign newspapers are obtainable upon<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[48]</a></span>
+application at the desk. A bulletin board at the right of the entrance
+gives full information about these and other resources of the Newspaper
+Room.</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[49]</a></span></p>
+<p>On the western side of the entrance corridor, near the door of the
+Circulating Library, is a bronze tablet with the following inscription:</p>
+
+<p class="fm3">
+[Seal of The New York Public Library]<br />
+<br />
+THIS BUILDING IS ERECTED<br />
+UPON A PART OF THE COMMON LANDS<br />
+WHICH WERE GRANTED BY ROYAL CHARTER<br />
+TO THE MAYOR ALDERMEN AND COMMONALTY<br />
+OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK<br />
+IN 1686,<br />
+THE SECOND YEAR OF THE REIGN OF JAMES THE SECOND<br />
+KING OF ENGLAND.<br />
+<br />
+THE CITY OF NEW YORK IN 1897,<br />
+WILLIAM L. STRONG BEING MAYOR,<br />
+UNDERTOOK TO CONSTRUCT,<br />
+AT THE PUBLIC EXPENSE,<br />
+A BUILDING UPON THIS SITE<br />
+TO BE USED AND OCCUPIED BY<br />
+THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY,<br />
+ASTOR, LENOX AND TILDEN FOUNDATIONS<br />
+SO LONG AS IT SHOULD MAINTAIN HEREIN<br />
+A FREE LIBRARY AND READING ROOM FOR THE PEOPLE.<br />
+<br />
+WORK WAS BEGUN BY THE CITY IN 1899,<br />
+ROBERT ANDERSON VAN WYCK BEING MAYOR.<br />
+THE CORNERSTONE WAS LAID IN 1902,<br />
+SETH LOW BEING MAYOR.<br />
+THE BUILDING WAS COMPLETED IN 1909,<br />
+GEORGE BRINTON McCLELLAN BEING MAYOR.<br />
+IT WAS OCCUPIED AND OPENED TO THE PUBLIC IN 1911<br />
+WILLIAM JAY GAYNOR BEING MAYOR.<br />
+</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 297px;">
+<img src="images/i051.jpg" width="297" height="400" alt="NORTH STAIRCASE" title="" />
+<span class="caption">NORTH STAIRCASE</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Central Circulation Branch</b> (sign over door reads, "Circulating Library")
+(No. 80). This is one of the forty-four Branches of The New York Public
+Library,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[50]</a></span> intended for the circulation of books for home use. In this
+instance alone the Branch is situated in the Central Building and is
+supported by the funds of the Library and not by the City. The room is
+interesting because of its activity. The view of it reproduced in<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[51]</a></span> this
+book had to be taken when but few people were there, but during
+afternoons and evenings, especially in the autumn, winter, and spring
+months, the room is frequently over-crowded with readers and borrowers
+of books. As over 500,000 books were borrowed from this one room during
+1915 it may be said that there are few, if any, busier library rooms in
+the country, or, indeed, in the world. There is a collection of over
+50,000 books, with a reserve collection of somewhat more than 70,000.
+The room is open 9&nbsp;a.&nbsp;m. to 10&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m. week days, including all holidays,
+and 2 to 6&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m. on Sundays.</p>
+
+<p><b>Children's Room.</b> Near the 42nd Street entrance a corridor runs east to
+the Children's Room (No. 78). The visitor to the building should not
+fail to see this room, with its attractive furnishings, its collections
+of brightly colored picture-books, and pictures.</p>
+
+<p>The object of the room is not only to perform the usual work of a
+children's room, but also to interest and help parents and others in
+selecting children's reading. Authors, artists, and publishers come here
+for information about books for children. Another purpose is to furnish
+suggestions for similar rooms elsewhere. A number of libraries, in other
+parts of the world, have adopted suggestions which they found here.
+Exhibitions on various subjects are held from time to time, and there is
+a collection of children's books of the old-fashioned kind. Open 9&nbsp;a.&nbsp;m.
+to 6&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m. week days.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i053.jpg" width="400" height="216" alt="CHILDREN&#39;S ROOM" title="" />
+<span class="caption">CHILDREN&#39;S ROOM</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Library School.</b> Here a two years' course in training for library work is
+given to a body of students averaging about seventy-five in number. The
+office of the School (where inquiries should be made) is in<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[52]</a></span> Room 75,
+on the inner or western side of the corridor which runs along the front
+of the building, parallel to Fifth Avenue. The Library School class
+room, not open to the public, is on the other side of the corridor.</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[53]</a></span></p>
+<p><b>Public Telephones.</b> The public telephones are in Room 70, on the inner or
+western side of the front corridor.</p>
+
+<p><b>Business Offices.</b> The rest of the basement floor is occupied by offices,
+open only to those who have business engagements therein. The offices
+include that for Printing and Binding (No. 58), and the Shipping Room
+(No. 51). In the Printing Office the catalogue cards of the Library,
+printed forms, and all the Library's publications are printed. For the
+publications, see page <a href="#Page_78">78</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Travelling Libraries Office.</b> The entrance to the Travelling Libraries
+office is from Bryant Park, at the southwest corner of the building. The
+office itself is not of interest to sightseers. As it is under control
+of the Circulation Department, its work is described on page <a href="#Page_59">59</a>.</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[54]</a></span></p><p>FOOTNOTE:</p>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_1_1" id="Footnote_1_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_1"><span class="label">[1]</span></a> September, 1910.</p></div>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i054.jpg" width="400" height="327" alt="" title="" />
+</div>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2><a name="THE_CIRCULATION_DEPARTMENT" id="THE_CIRCULATION_DEPARTMENT"></a>THE CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT</h2>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p><span class="smcap">Branch Libraries&mdash;Hours of Opening: Central Circulation</span> open 9 a.
+m. to 10&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m. every week day, 2 to 6&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m. on Sundays. <span class="smcap">Children's
+Room</span> 9&nbsp;a.&nbsp;m. to 6&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m. on week days. <span class="smcap">Library for the Blind,
+Travelling Libraries</span>, and <span class="smcap">offices</span> open 9&nbsp;a.&nbsp;m. to 5&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m. on week
+days.</p></div>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">Other Branches</span>, 9&nbsp;a.&nbsp;m. to 9&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m. on week days. Exceptions as follows:
+<span class="smcap">Central Circulation</span> and branches in Carnegie buildings open full hours
+on all holidays; other branches closed on January 1, May 30, July 4,
+December 25, presidential election day, and Thanksgiving; after 6&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m.
+on February 22 and Christmas eve; after 5&nbsp;p.&nbsp;m. on election days other
+than presidential elections.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[55]</a></span></p>
+<h2><a name="CIRCULATION_DEPARTMENT" id="CIRCULATION_DEPARTMENT"></a>CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT</h2>
+
+<p>The Circulation Department of the Library performs its work through
+forty-four Branch Libraries in the Boroughs of Manhattan, Richmond
+(Staten Island), and The Bronx. (Each of the other two Boroughs of
+Greater New York, Brooklyn and Queens, has its own Public Library.)
+These Branches are in separate buildings, with the exception of the
+Circulation Branch in the Central Building. That is supported by the
+funds of the Library; all the others are maintained by the City.
+Thirty-seven of the Branch buildings were erected from funds given by
+Mr. Andrew Carnegie. The collections of books in the Branches number
+from ten to fifty thousand, with a total of about 1,100,000 books.</p>
+
+<p>Each Branch has an adult department, with its collection of books for
+adult readers, a children's room, and a reading room with current
+magazines, reference books, and, in many cases, daily newspapers. Many
+of the Branches contain lecture or assembly rooms.</p>
+
+<p>These Branch Libraries serve a population estimated at above three
+million. The Branches are spread over a large territory, and from the
+northernmost of them, in the Borough of The Bronx, to the one farthest
+south, on Staten Island, the distance is about forty miles. A directory
+of Branches is on page <a href="#Page_77">77</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Circulation of Books.</b> The New York Public Library, according to the
+general custom of American libraries, imposes few restrictions upon its readers.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[56]</a></span>
+This fact, together with its situation in the metropolis of
+the country, is the reason why it is probably used more than any other
+library under one management in the world. The use is constantly
+growing. In 1915 there were borrowed from the Branch Libraries, for home
+use, 10,384,579 books.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i057.jpg" width="400" height="238" alt="SEWARD PARK BRANCH" title="" />
+<span class="caption">SEWARD PARK BRANCH</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[57]</a></span></p>
+<p><b>Special Collections.</b> There are books in foreign languages, especially
+French and German, in all the Branches. The principal collections of
+books in foreign tongues other than French and German, are these:</p>
+
+<table summary="SPECIAL">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"><i>Language</i></td>
+<td class="tdl"><i>Branch</i></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp;</td>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Bohemian</td>
+<td class="tdl">Webster.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Chinese</td>
+<td class="tdl">Chatham Square.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Danish</td>
+<td class="tdl">Tottenville, 125th Street.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dutch</td>
+<td class="tdl">Muhlenberg.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Finnish</td>
+<td class="tdl">125th Street.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Flemish</td>
+<td class="tdl">Muhlenberg.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Greek (Modern)</td>
+<td class="tdl">Muhlenberg.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Hebrew</td>
+<td class="tdl">Seward Park, Aguilar.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Hungarian</td>
+<td class="tdl">Tompkins Square, Hamilton Fish Park, Yorkville, Woodstock.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Italian</td>
+<td class="tdl">Hudson Park, Aguilar, Bond Street.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Norwegian</td>
+<td class="tdl">Tottenville.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Polish</td>
+<td class="tdl">Rivington Street, Tompkins Square, Columbus, Melrose.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Roumanian</td>
+<td class="tdl">Rivington Street.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Russian</td>
+<td class="tdl">Seward Park, Rivington Street, Hamilton Fish Park, 96th Street, Chatham Square.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Slovak</td>
+<td class="tdl">Webster.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Spanish</td>
+<td class="tdl">Jackson Square.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Swedish</td>
+<td class="tdl">125th Street, 58th Street.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Servian</td>
+<td class="tdl">Muhlenberg.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Yiddish</td>
+<td class="tdl">Rivington Street, Seward Park, Hamilton Fish Park, Aguilar, Tremont.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><b>Interbranch Loan.</b> A book in any one of the Branches is available to a
+reader at any other Branch through a system of interbranch loans.</p>
+
+<p><b>Reading Rooms.</b> The total attendance in the adult reading rooms in the
+Branch Libraries, during 1915, was 1,224,526. The greatest use of
+reading rooms is at two of the Branches on the lower East Side.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">[58]</a></span></p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[59]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i059.jpg" width="400" height="252" alt="ADULTS&#39; ROOM&mdash;58th STREET BRANCH" title="" />
+<span class="caption">ADULTS&#39; ROOM&mdash;58th STREET BRANCH</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Library for the Blind.</b> The Library for the Blind, although under control
+of the Circulation Department, has its headquarters and reading room in
+the Central Building. Its work has been described on page <a href="#Page_22">22</a>.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i060.jpg" width="400" height="317" alt="MOTT HAVEN BRANCH" title="" />
+<span class="caption">MOTT HAVEN BRANCH</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Travelling Libraries.</b> From the office of the Travelling Libraries, in
+the Central Building, collections of books are sent to communities and
+homes in outlying districts of the city; to churches, Sunday schools,
+settlements, clubs, stores, factories,&mdash;in fact, to any community or
+institution not readily served by a Branch Library. There are about 800
+stations with Travelling Libraries. The circulation through these
+agencies, in 1915, numbered 962,355 books. Travelling Library stations
+are established in mercantile houses, in Fire and Police stations, fire
+boats, Federal, State, and City<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_60" id="Page_60">[60]</a></span> Department offices, armories, ships of
+the coast guard, vacation playgrounds, and summer camps. Books are sent
+in this manner to prisons, workhouses, elementary and high schools,
+hospitals, and army posts in New York City.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 307px;">
+<img src="images/i061.jpg" width="307" height="400" alt="BOND STREET BRANCH
+(The Oldest Branch)" title="" />
+<span class="caption">BOND STREET BRANCH<br />
+(The Oldest Branch)</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i062.jpg" width="400" height="304" alt="TRAVELLING LIBRARY IN A MERCANTILE HOUSE" title="" />
+<span class="caption">TRAVELLING LIBRARY IN A MERCANTILE HOUSE</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">[61]</a></span></p>
+
+<p><b>Work with Children.</b> The work with children comprises a great deal
+besides the maintenance of children's rooms and the circulation of
+children's books. In 1915, the total circulation of books to children,
+including the figures recorded by the juvenile work of the Travelling
+Libraries, was 4,415,794, or forty-two per cent. of the total
+circulation of the Library. The Library works with the schools and
+museums. It holds special exhibitions, meetings, and celebrations of
+interest to children and to parents. Between fifty and sixty reading<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62">[62]</a></span>
+clubs for the older boys and girls meet at the Branch Libraries. Groups
+of children gather in the Branches from November to May, to attend
+"story hours."</p>
+
+<p><b>Lectures and meetings.</b> The Branches are used as meeting places by
+literary, educational and social organizations and clubs. Assembly rooms
+in the Branches are open for any meeting of an instructive or literary
+nature, provided that no admission fee is charged, and that nothing of a
+political or sectarian character is discussed. Many classes of
+foreigners learning English meet regularly in the Branch Libraries.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i063.jpg" width="400" height="259" alt="AT A STORY HOUR" title="" />
+<span class="caption">AT A STORY HOUR</span>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63">[63]</a></span></p>
+<h2><a name="HISTORICAL_SKETCH_OF_THE_LIBRARY" id="HISTORICAL_SKETCH_OF_THE_LIBRARY"></a>HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE LIBRARY</h2>
+
+
+<p>The New York Public Library, as it exists to-day, is the result of the
+generosity of a few private citizens, combined with the efforts of the
+City itself. Its corporate existence, in its present form, began on May
+23, 1895, by the consolidation of: "The Trustees of the Astor Library,"
+"The Trustees of the Lenox Library," and "The Tilden Trust."</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i064.jpg" width="400" height="341" alt="LIBRARY&#39;S INSTRUCTOR TEACHING THE BLIND TO READ" title="" />
+<span class="caption">LIBRARY&#39;S INSTRUCTOR TEACHING THE BLIND TO READ</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i065.jpg" width="400" height="273" alt="READING WITH THE FINGERS IN THE LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND" title="" />
+<span class="caption">READING WITH THE FINGERS IN THE LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><b>The Astor Library</b>, originally incorporated in 1849, was founded by John
+Jacob Astor. His gifts, together with those of his sons and grandsons,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64">[64]</a></span>
+amounted to about $1,700,000. Washington Irving was the first
+President of the Library, and Joseph Green Cogswell its first
+Superintendent, or Librarian. In its building on Lafayette Place (now
+Lafayette Street) it was for many years one of the literary landmarks of
+New York. At the time of its consolidation with The New York Public<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65">[65]</a></span>
+Library it had an endowment fund of about $941,000, which produced an
+annual income of about $47,000. It contained then 266,147 volumes. It
+was solely a reference library,&mdash;the funds were given with the
+understanding that the books should not be lent for use outside the
+building.</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66">[66]</a></span></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i066.jpg" width="400" height="377" alt="SUMMER AFTERNOON STORY HOUR" title="" />
+<span class="caption">SUMMER AFTERNOON STORY HOUR</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_67" id="Page_67">[67]</a></span></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i067.jpg" width="400" height="253" alt="CORNER OF CHILDREN&#39;S READING ROOM, HARLEM LIBRARY
+BRANCH" title="" />
+<span class="caption">CORNER OF CHILDREN&#39;S READING ROOM, HARLEM LIBRARY
+BRANCH</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><b>The Lenox Library.</b> James Lenox, one of America's greatest book
+collectors, was born in New York City in 1800 and died there in 1880. In
+1870, by the incorporation of the Lenox Library, he gave to the city of
+his birth his books and art treasures. The building, which formerly
+stood on Fifth Avenue between 70th and 71st Streets, was erected for the
+Library and opened to the public, a part at a time, beginning in 1876.
+At the time of consolidation the Library owned its building, an
+endowment fund of $505,500, which yielded an annual income of about
+$20,500; and about 86,000 volumes. This also was a reference library,
+not a circulating library.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i068.jpg" width="400" height="270" alt="VISIT OF A CLASS FROM A PUBLIC SCHOOL" title="" />
+<span class="caption">VISIT OF A CLASS FROM A PUBLIC SCHOOL</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><b>The Tilden Trust.</b> Samuel Jones Tilden was born in New Lebanon, New York,
+in 1814. He died in New York City in 1886. By the final settlement of
+his estate the City received his private library and an endowment fund
+of about $2,000,000, for library purposes.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_68" id="Page_68">[68]</a></span></p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_69" id="Page_69">[69]</a></span></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i069.jpg" width="400" height="222" alt="TRAVELLING LIBRARY IN A FACTORY" title="" />
+<span class="caption">TRAVELLING LIBRARY IN A FACTORY</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Consolidation.</b> In the agreement for consolidation it was provided that
+the name of the new corporation should be "The New York Public Library,
+Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations"; that the number of its trustees
+should be twenty-one, to be selected from the thirty-three members of
+the separate boards; and that "the said new corporation shall establish
+and maintain a free public library and reading room in the City of New
+York, with such branches as may be deemed advisable, and shall continue
+and promote the several objects and purposes set forth in the respective
+acts of incorporation of 'The Trustees of the Astor Library,' 'The
+Trustees of the Lenox Library,' and 'The Tilden Trust.'"</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_70" id="Page_70">[70]</a></span></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i070.jpg" width="400" height="339" alt="TRAVELLING LIBRARY IN FIRE-ENGINE HOUSE" title="" />
+<span class="caption">TRAVELLING LIBRARY IN FIRE-ENGINE HOUSE</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_71" id="Page_71">[71]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Later, another member was added to the Board of Trustees, and three
+municipal officials were made members <i>ex officio</i>.</p>
+
+<p>The first Director of The New York Public Library was Dr. John Shaw
+Billings, who served from 1896 until his death in 1913. He rendered
+distinguished services, especially in the organization of the new
+Library and in the arrangement of the Central Building.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i071.jpg" width="400" height="275" alt="ROOF READING ROOM, SEWARD PARK BRANCH" title="" />
+<span class="caption">ROOF READING ROOM, SEWARD PARK BRANCH</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><b>New York Free Circulating Library.</b> In 1901 the New York Free Circulating
+Library was consolidated with the new system. This Library had then
+eleven Branches and owned about 160,000 volumes.</p>
+
+<p><b>Other Circulating Libraries.</b> In 1901, the St. Agnes Free Library and the
+Washington Heights Free Library were also added to the system. The New
+York Free Circulating Library for the Blind and the Aguilar Free
+Library, with four Branches, were added in 1903. In 1904, the Harlem
+Free Library, Tottenville Free Library, the University Settlement
+Library at Rivington and Eldridge Streets, and the Webster Free Library
+followed. Also in 1904 the five Branches of the Cathedral Free
+Circulating Library became part of the new corporation.</p>
+
+<p><b>Carnegie Branches.</b> In 1901 Mr. Andrew Carnegie offered Greater New York
+$5,200,000 for the construction and equipment of free circulating
+libraries, on condition that the City provide the land and agree to
+maintain the libraries when built. The offer was accepted, and
+thirty-seven Branch Libraries are now housed in buildings erected with
+that part of Mr. Carnegie's gift assigned to The New York Public
+Library. A directory of all the Branch Libraries may be found on page
+<a href="#Page_77">77</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Management.</b> The corporation is managed by a Board of twenty-five
+Trustees, including the Mayor, Comptroller, and President of the Board
+of Aldermen <i>ex officio</i>. The names of the Trustees are given on page<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_72" id="Page_72">[72]</a></span>
+<a href="#Page_76">76</a>. The Trustees hold office continuously, and vacancies are filled by
+vote of the remaining Trustees. No Trustee receives any compensation for
+his services. The immediate management of the Library is entrusted to
+the Director. The Staff numbers between twelve and thirteen hundred
+persons, including those in the Central Building and in the Branches. As
+the buildings are open between twelve and thirteen hours a day the Staff
+works in two shifts. Somewhat less than half of the Staff are employed
+in the Central Building.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/i073.jpg" width="400" height="274" alt="BOYS&#39; CLUB; YORKVILLE BRANCH" title="" />
+<span class="caption">BOYS&#39; CLUB; YORKVILLE BRANCH</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><b>Benefactors.</b> A complete list of the Library's benefactors, besides the
+three founders, can more appropriately be given elsewhere. In addition
+to Mr. Carnegie's gift, one bequest should be noted here: that of John
+S. Kennedy, who in 1909 left about $3,000,000 to the Library, without
+conditions.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_73" id="Page_73">[73]</a></span></p>
+
+<p><b>Work of the Library.</b> This historical sketch may help to make clear the
+organization and work of the Library as it is carried on to-day. It is a
+free reference library combined with a free circulating library. The
+books in the Reference Department (in the Central Building) which came
+from either the Astor or the Lenox Libraries, and those which have been
+added since the consolidation, from the endowments of those Libraries,
+must necessarily be for reference use only. The Astor and Lenox
+Foundations give the Trustees of The New York Public Library no option
+in this matter. About one million books in the Circulation Department
+(the Branch Libraries) are lent for home use.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 296px;">
+<img src="images/i074.jpg" width="296" height="400" alt="KINGSBRIDGE BRANCH" title="" />
+<span class="caption">KINGSBRIDGE BRANCH</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_74" id="Page_74">[74]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 236px;">
+<a href="images/i075_large.jpg"><img src="images/i075.jpg" width="236" height="400" alt="i75" title=""/></a>
+<span class="caption">FLOOR PLANS, CENTRAL BUILDING</span>
+</div>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_75" id="Page_75">[75]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 239px;">
+<a href="images/i076_large.jpg"><img src="images/i076.jpg" width="239" height="400" alt="i76" title=""/></a>
+<span class="caption">FLOOR PLANS, CENTRAL BUILDING</span>
+</div>
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_76" id="Page_76">[76]</a></span></p>
+<h2>TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS OF THE LIBRARY</h2>
+
+<p>
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">William W. Appleton</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">Andrew Carnegie</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">Cleveland H. Dodge</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">John Murphy Farley</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">Samuel Greenbaum</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">Frederic R. Halsey</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">John Henry Hammond</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">Lewis Cass Ledyard</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">J. P. Morgan</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">Morgan J. O'Brien</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">Stephen H. Olin</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">Henry Fairfield Osborn</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">William Barclay Parsons</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">George L. Rives</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">Elihu Root</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">Charles Howland Russell</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">Edward W. Sheldon</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">George W. Smith</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">I. N. Phelps Stokes</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">Frederick Sturges</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">Henry W. Taft</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">Payne Whitney</span></span><br />
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">John Purroy Mitchel</span>, Mayor of the City of New York, <i>ex officio</i></span><br />
+<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">William A. Prendergast</span>,</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">Comptroller of the City of New York, <i>ex officio</i></span><br />
+<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><span class="smcap">Frank L. Dowling</span>, President of the Board of Aldermen, <i>ex officio</i></span><br />
+</p>
+
+<hr style="width: 45%;" />
+
+<p class="fm2">OFFICERS</p>
+
+<p>
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><i>President</i>, <span class="smcap">George L. Rives</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><i>First Vice-President</i>, <span class="smcap">Lewis Cass Ledyard</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><i>Second Vice-President</i>, <span class="smcap">Elihu Root</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><i>Secretary</i>, <span class="smcap">Charles Howland Russell</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><i>Treasurer</i>, <span class="smcap">Edward W. Sheldon</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><i>Director of the Library</i>, <span class="smcap">Edwin H. Anderson</span></span><br />
+<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><i>Chief Reference Librarian</i>, <span class="smcap">H. M. Lydenberg</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><i>Chief of the Circulation Department</i>, <span class="smcap">Benjamin Adams</span></span><br />
+</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_77" id="Page_77">[77]</a></span></p>
+<h2>BRANCH LIBRARIES</h2>
+
+
+<p>With the exception of the Central Building, the names of the Branches in
+Manhattan and The Bronx are arranged as they are situated, from south to
+north.</p>
+
+<p>Names marked with a star (*) are of Branches occupying Carnegie
+buildings.</p>
+
+<p class="fm3">MANHATTAN</p>
+
+<p>
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Central Building.</span> Fifth Avenue and 42nd Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">Central Circulation</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">Children's Room</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">Library for the Blind</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2.5em;"><span class="smcap">Travelling Libraries</span></span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Chatham Square.</span>* 33 East Broadway</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Seward Park.</span>* 192 East Broadway</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Rivington Street</span>,* 61</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Hamilton Fish Park.</span>* 388 East Houston Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Hudson Park.</span>* 66 Leroy Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Bond Street</span>, 49. Near the Bowery</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Ottendorfer.</span> 135 Second Avenue. Near 8th Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Tompkins Square.</span>* 331 East 10th Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Jackson Square.</span> 251 West 13th Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Epiphany.</span>* 228 East 23rd Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Muhlenberg.</span>* 209 West 23rd Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">St. Gabriel's Park.</span>* 303 East 36th Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">40th Street</span>,* 457 West</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Cathedral.</span> 123 East 50th Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Columbus.</span>* 742 Tenth Avenue. Near 51st Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">58th Street</span>,* 121 East</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">67th Street</span>,* 328 East</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Riverside.</span>* 190 Amsterdam Avenue. Near 69th Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Webster.</span>* 1465 Avenue A. Near 78th Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Yorkville.</span>* 222 East 79th Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">St. Agnes.</span>* 444 Amsterdam Avenue. Near 81st Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">96th Street</span>,* 112 East</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Bloomingdale.</span> 206 West 100th Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Aguilar.</span>* 174 East 110th Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">115th Street</span>,* 203 West</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Harlem Library.</span>* 9 West 124th Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">125th Street</span>,* 224 East</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">George Bruce.</span> 78 Manhattan Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">135th Street</span>,* 103 West</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Hamilton Grange.</span>* 503 West 145th Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Washington Heights.</span>* 1000 St. Nicholas Ave. Cor. of 160th St.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Fort Washington.</span>* 535 West 179th Street</span><br />
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="fm3">THE BRONX</p>
+
+<p>
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Mott Haven.</span>* 321 East 140th Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Woodstock.</span>* 759 East 160th Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Melrose.</span>* 910 Morris Avenue. Corner of 162nd Street.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">High Bridge.</span>* 78 West 168th Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Morrisania.</span>* 610 East 169th Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Tremont.</span>* 1866 Washington Avenue. Corner of 176th Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Kingsbridge.</span>* 3041 Kingsbridge Avenue. Near 230th Street</span><br />
+</p>
+
+
+<p class="fm3">RICHMOND (STATEN ISLAND)</p>
+
+<p>
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">St. George.</span>* 5 Central Avenue. Tompkinsville P. O.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Port Richmond.</span>* 75 Bennett Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Stapleton.</span>* 132 Canal Street</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;"><span class="smcap">Tottenville.</span>* 7430 Amboy Road</span><br />
+</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_78" id="Page_78">[78]</a></span></p>
+<h2><a name="PUBLICATIONS_OF_THE_LIBRARY" id="PUBLICATIONS_OF_THE_LIBRARY"></a>PUBLICATIONS OF THE LIBRARY</h2>
+
+
+<p>A reader of this Handbook may wish to know about some other sources of
+information concerning the Library. For that reason a few of its
+publications are named here. They may be consulted in the Central
+Building or any of the Branches.</p>
+
+<p><b>Annual Report</b> of The New York Public Library. (A limited number are sent
+to institutions or private persons upon request.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Bulletin</b> of The New York Public Library. Published monthly. Chiefly
+devoted to the Reference Department. Bibliography, news of the Library,
+reprints of manuscripts, descriptions of new accessions. One dollar a
+year; current single numbers for ten cents. Back numbers at advanced
+rates.</p>
+
+<p><b>Branch Library News.</b> Monthly publication of the Circulation Department.
+Lists of new books, reading lists, articles about books, etc. Given free
+at the Branches. By mail free to libraries and other public
+institutions. Otherwise, twenty-five cents a year.</p>
+
+<p><b>Facts for the Public.</b> A small pamphlet of general information about the
+Library. Much of its contents is also contained in this Handbook. Given
+free.</p>
+
+<p><b>Central Building Guide.</b> A small pamphlet. Price five cents.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_79" id="Page_79">[79]</a></span></p>
+<h2><a name="THE_CROTON_RESERVOIR" id="THE_CROTON_RESERVOIR"></a>THE CROTON RESERVOIR</h2>
+
+
+<p>As the Central Building of the Library stands on part of the site of the
+old Croton Reservoir, it is fitting to reprint here the inscriptions on
+two tablets which were formerly affixed to the Reservoir.</p>
+
+<p>One tablet is now on the first floor of the Central Building, on the
+wall of the south or 40th Street corridor. The inscription is:</p>
+
+<p class="fm3">
+HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE ACCOUNT<br />
+OF THE CROTON AQUEDUCT</p>
+
+<p>
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">The Law authorizing the construction of the work, passed May</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">2nd, 1834.</span><br />
+<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">STEPHEN ALLEN, WILLIAM W. FOX, SAUL ALLEY,</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">CHARLES DUSENBERRY and BENJAMIN M. BROWN were appointed</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;"><i>Commissioners</i>.</span><br />
+<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">During the year 1834, two surveys were made&mdash;one by DAVID</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">B. DOUGLASS and the other by JOHN MARTINEAU.</span><br />
+<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">In April, 1835, a majority of the Electors of the City voted in</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">favour of constructing the Aqueduct.</span><br />
+<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">On the 7th May following, the <i>Common Council</i> "instructed the</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">Commissioners to proceed with the work."</span><br />
+<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">DAVID B. DOUGLASS was employed as <i>Chief Engineer</i> until</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">October, 1836; when he was succeeded by JOHN B. JERVIS.</span><br />
+<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">In March, 1837, BENJAMIN M. BROWN resigned, and was succeeded</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">by THOMAS T. WOODRUFF.</span><br />
+<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">In March, 1840, the before mentioned Commissioners were succeeded</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">by SAMUEL STEVENS, JOHN D. WARD, ZEBEDEE RING,</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">BENJAMIN BIRDSALL and SAMUEL R. CHILDS.</span><br />
+<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">The work was commenced in May, 1837. On the 22nd June, 1842,</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">the Aqueduct was so far completed that it received the Water from the</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">Croton River Lake; on the 27th the Water entered the Receiving Reservoir</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">and was admitted into this Reservoir on the succeeding 4th of July.</span><br />
+<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">The DAM at the Croton River is 40 feet high, and the overfall</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">251 feet in length.</span><br />
+<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">The CROTON RIVER LAKE is five miles long, and covers an</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">area of 400 acres.</span><br />
+<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">The AQUEDUCT, from the DAM to this Reservoir, is 40&frac12; miles</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">long, and will deliver in twenty-four hours 60,000,000 imperial gallons.</span><br />
+<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">The capacity of the Receiving Reservoir is 150,000,000 gallons,</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">and of this reservoir 20,000,000.</span><br />
+<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10.5em;">The cost, to and including this Reservoir, nearly $9,000,000.</span><br />
+</p>
+
+<hr style="width: 45%;" />
+
+<p>In the pavement of the south court is a tablet with this inscription:</p>
+
+
+<p class="fm3">CROTON AQUEDUCT.<br />
+
+DISTRIBUTING RESERVOIR.</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot2">
+<p>COMMISSIONERS.</p>
+
+<p>
+SAMUEL STEVENS<br />
+ZEBEDEE RING<br />
+JOHN D. WARD<br />
+BENJ<sup>n</sup> BIRDSALL<br />
+SAMUEL R. CHILDS<br />
+</p>
+
+<p>ENGINEERS.</p>
+
+<p>
+JOHN B. JERVIS. CHIEF.<br />
+H<sup>o</sup> ALLEN, PRIN<sup>l</sup> ASSIST.<br />
+P. HASTIE, RESIDENT.<br />
+</p>
+
+<p>BUILDERS.</p>
+
+<p>
+THOMSON PRICE &amp; SON.<br />
+</p>
+
+<p>COMMENCED A. D. MDCCCXXXVIII.</p>
+
+<p>COMPLETED A. D. MDCCCXLII.</p></div>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_80" id="Page_80">[80]</a></span></p>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<p class="fm3">
+TWENTY-FIVE THOUSAND COPIES<br />
+OF THIS FIRST EDITION OF THE<br />
+HANDBOOK WERE PRINTED AT<br />
+THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY<br />
+IN JUNE 1916<br />
+</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Handbook of The New York Public Library, by 
+New York Public Library
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HANDBOOK--NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY ***
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+</body>
+</html>
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@@ -0,0 +1,1997 @@
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Handbook of The New York Public Library, by
+New York Public Library
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Handbook of The New York Public Library
+
+Author: New York Public Library
+
+Release Date: January 31, 2009 [EBook #27954]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HANDBOOK--NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Carla Foust, and The Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was
+produced from images generously made available by The
+Internet Archive/American Libraries.)
+
+
+
+
+
+Transcriber's note
+
+
+Minor punctuation errors have been changed without notice.
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration: CENTRAL BUILDING
+
+THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY]
+
+
+
+
+   HANDBOOK
+
+   _of_
+
+   THE NEW YORK PUBLIC
+   LIBRARY
+
+   1916
+
+
+
+
+   Copyright, 1916, by
+   THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+
+   THE CENTRAL BUILDING:                        PAGE
+
+     EXTERIOR                                      7
+
+     SCULPTURE                                    13
+
+     THE REAR OF THE BUILDING                     15
+
+
+   FIRST FLOOR
+
+     ENTRANCES                                    17
+
+     ELEVATORS                                    19
+
+     EXHIBITION ROOM                              19
+
+     CURRENT PERIODICALS ROOM                     19
+
+     BUSINESS OFFICES                             21
+
+     TECHNOLOGY DIVISION                          21
+
+     PATENTS ROOM                                 22
+
+     THE LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND                    22
+
+
+   SECOND FLOOR
+
+     ORIENTAL DIVISION                            23
+
+     JEWISH DIVISION                              23
+
+     SLAVONIC DIVISION                            23
+
+     SCIENCE DIVISION                             25
+
+     ECONOMICS DIVISION                           25
+
+     BUSINESS OFFICES                             25
+
+
+   THIRD FLOOR
+
+     PUBLIC CATALOGUE ROOM                        27
+
+     INFORMATION DESK                             31
+
+     APPLICATION FOR BOOKS                        31
+
+     THE MAIN READING ROOM                        31
+
+     THE LIBRARY'S BOOKS                          33
+
+     USE OF BOOKS                                 39
+
+     STACK                                        39
+
+     GENEALOGY ROOM                               39
+
+     AMERICAN HISTORY DIVISION                    39
+
+     RESERVE BOOKS                                41
+
+     PRINTS ROOM                                  43
+
+     ART AND ARCHITECTURE                         43
+
+     MAP ROOM                                     45
+
+     STUART GALLERY                               45
+
+     GENERAL GALLERY                              45
+
+     PRINTS GALLERY                               45
+
+     MANUSCRIPT DIVISION                          46
+
+     MUSIC DIVISION                               47
+
+
+   BASEMENT
+
+     NEWSPAPER ROOM                               47
+
+     CENTRAL CIRCULATION BRANCH                   49
+
+     CHILDREN'S ROOM                              51
+
+     LIBRARY SCHOOL                               51
+
+     PUBLIC TELEPHONES                            53
+
+     BUSINESS OFFICES                             53
+
+     TRAVELLING LIBRARIES OFFICE                  53
+
+
+   CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT (BRANCHES):
+
+     CIRCULATION OF BOOKS                         55
+
+     SPECIAL COLLECTIONS                          57
+
+     INTERBRANCH LOAN                             57
+
+     READING ROOMS                                57
+
+     LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND                        59
+
+     TRAVELLING LIBRARIES                         59
+
+     WORK WITH CHILDREN                           61
+
+     LECTURES AND MEETINGS                        62
+
+
+   HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE LIBRARY:
+
+     THE ASTOR LIBRARY                            63
+
+     THE LENOX LIBRARY                            67
+
+     THE TILDEN TRUST                             67
+
+     CONSOLIDATION                                69
+
+     NEW YORK FREE CIRCULATING LIBRARY            71
+
+     OTHER CIRCULATING LIBRARIES                  71
+
+     CARNEGIE BRANCHES                            71
+
+     MANAGEMENT                                   71
+
+     BENEFACTORS                                  72
+
+     WORK OF THE LIBRARY                          73
+
+
+   FLOOR PLANS, CENTRAL BUILDING                  74
+
+   TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS OF THE LIBRARY           76
+
+   DIRECTORY OF BRANCH LIBRARIES                  77
+
+   PUBLICATIONS OF THE LIBRARY                    78
+
+   THE CROTON RESERVOIR                           79
+
+
+
+
+_NOTE_
+
+
+_Although the purpose of this Handbook is to tell the principal facts
+about the Library as an institution, its chief use is likely to be that
+of a guide to the Central Building. The section about the Central
+Building is therefore given first place. Any visitor who cares to take
+the trouble, before beginning his tour of the Building, to read the
+brief historical sketch (on pages 63-73) will have a better
+understanding of the organization and work of the Library, and see the
+reasons for a number of things which might not otherwise be clear._
+
+
+
+
+THE CENTRAL BUILDING
+
+
+OPEN: WEEK DAYS, INCLUDING HOLIDAYS, 9 A.M. TO 10 P.M. SUNDAYS, 1 P.M.
+TO 10 P.M.
+
+(Except where otherwise noted these are the hours of the special reading
+rooms.)
+
+
+
+
+THE CENTRAL BUILDING
+
+
+=The Central Building= of The New York Public Library is on the western
+side of Fifth Avenue, occupying the two blocks between 40th and 42nd
+Streets. It stands on part of the site of the old Croton distributing
+reservoir, and it was built by the City of New York at a cost of about
+nine million dollars.
+
+Competitions to choose the architect for the building were held in 1897,
+two years after The New York Public Library was incorporated. The result
+of the competition was the selection of Messrs. Carrere and Hastings, of
+New York, as architects. In 1899 the work of removing the old reservoir
+began. Various legal difficulties and labor troubles delayed beginning
+the construction of the building, but by November 10, 1902, the work had
+progressed so far that the cornerstone was laid. The building was opened
+to the public May 23, 1911, in the presence of the President of the
+United States, the Governor of the State of New York, the Mayor of New
+York, and an audience of about six hundred persons.
+
+=Exterior.= The material of the building is largely Vermont marble, and
+the style that of the modern Renaissance, somewhat in the manner of the
+period of Louis XVI, with certain modifications to suit the conditions
+of to-day. It is rectangular in shape, 390 feet long and 270 feet deep,
+built around two inner courts. It has a cellar, basement or ground
+floor, and three upper floors.
+
+[Illustration: MAIN ENTRANCE]
+
+"The Library," wrote Mr. A. C. David, in the _Architectural Record_[1],
+"is undeniably popular. It has already taken its place in the public
+mind as a building of which every New Yorker may be proud, and this
+opinion of the building is shared by the architectural profession of the
+country. Of course, it does not please everybody; but if American
+architects in good standing were asked to name the one building which
+embodied most of what was good in contemporary American architecture,
+The New York Public Library would be the choice of a handsome majority."
+
+Mr. David continued: "The Library is not, then, intended to be a great
+monumental building, which would look almost as well from one point of
+view as another, and which would be fundamentally an example of pure
+architectural form. It is designed rather to face on the avenue of a
+city, and not to seem out of place on such a site. It is essentially and
+frankly an instance of street architecture; and as an instance of street
+architecture it is distinguished in its appearance rather than imposing.
+Not, indeed, that it is lacking in dignity. The facade on Fifth Avenue
+has poise, as well as distinction; character, as well as good manners.
+But still it does not insist upon its own peculiar importance, as every
+monumental building must do. It is content with a somewhat humbler role,
+but one which is probably more appropriate. It looks ingratiating rather
+than imposing, and that is probably one reason for its popularity. It is
+intended for popular rather than for official use, and the building
+issues to the people an invitation to enter rather than a command....
+
+[Illustration: TERRACE IN FRONT OF LIBRARY
+
+LOOKING SOUTH]
+
+"The final judgment on the Library will be, consequently, that it is not
+a great monument, because considerations of architectural form have in
+several conspicuous instances been deliberately subordinated to the
+needs of the plan. In this respect it resembles the new Museum of Fine
+Arts in Boston. The building is at bottom a compromise between two
+groups of partly antagonistic demands, and a compromise can hardly ever
+become a consummate example of architectural form. But, on the other
+hand, Messrs. Carrere and Hastings have, as in so many other cases, made
+their compromise successful. Faithful as they have been to the
+fundamental requirement of adapting the building to its purpose as a
+library, they have also succeeded in making it look well; and they have
+succeeded in making it look well partly because the design is
+appropriate to its function as a building in which books are stored,
+read and distributed. A merely monumental library always appears
+somewhat forbidding and remote. The Library looks attractive, and so far
+as a large building can, even intimate....
+
+[Illustration: BY EDWARD C. POTTER]
+
+[Illustration: TERRACE LOOKING NORTH]
+
+"The popularity of the Library has, consequently, been well earned. The
+public has reason to like it, because it offers them a smiling
+countenance; and the welcome it gives is merely the outward and visible
+sign of an inward grace. When people enter they will find a building
+which has been ingeniously and carefully adapted to their use.
+Professional architects like it, because they recognize the skill, the
+good taste and the abundant resources of which the building, as a whole,
+is the result; and while many of them doubtless cherish a secret
+thought that they would have done it better, they are obliged to
+recognize that in order to have done it better they would have been
+obliged to exhibit a high degree of architectural intelligence. In the
+realism of its plan and in the mixture of dignity and distinction in the
+design, The New York Public Library is typical of that which is best in
+the contemporary American architectural movement; and New York is
+fortunate, indeed, that such a statement can be made of the most
+important public building erected in the city during several
+generations."
+
+[Illustration: ROMANCE BY PAUL BARTLETT]
+
+=Sculpture.= Of the sculptural designs, the two lions on either side of
+the main approach are by E. C. Potter. They have been subjected to much
+criticism, mainly of a humorous nature, and in the daily press. This
+adverse comment has not been endorsed by critics of art and
+architecture. Mr. Potter was chosen for this work by Augustus St.
+Gaudens, and again, after Mr. St. Gaudens' death, by Mr. D. C. French,
+also an eminent sculptor. Any layman can satisfy himself, by a brief
+observation of the building as a whole, that the architectural balance
+of the structure demands figures of heroic size to flank the main
+approach. With that requirement in view, the designer of such figures
+has but a limited choice of subject, since there are few living
+creatures whose forms possess dignity without being cumbrous. The
+sculptor in this instance has followed well-established precedents in
+designing the lions according to the canons of decorative art. They are
+as realistic as would be suitable for figures of this size, and in this
+position.
+
+[Illustration: PHILOSOPHY BY PAUL BARTLETT]
+
+The groups in the pediments are by George Gray Barnard; the one in the
+northern pediment represents History, and the one in the southern, Art.
+
+The figures above the fountains on either side of the main entrance are
+by Frederick MacMonnies; the man seated on the Sphinx, on the northern
+side of the entrance represents Truth. On the southern side, the figure
+of the woman seated on Pegasus represents Beauty. Above the figure of
+Truth is this inscription from the Apocrypha (1 Esdras, chapter 3):
+
+   BUT ABOVE ALL THINGS
+   TRUTH
+   BEARETH AWAY
+   THE VICTORY
+
+The inscription above the figure of Beauty is:
+
+   BEAUTY
+   OLD YET EVER NEW
+   ETERNAL VOICE
+   AND INWARD WORD
+
+This is from the twenty-first stanza of Whittier's poem, "The Shadow and
+the Light."
+
+The six figures above the main entrance are by Paul Bartlett; naming
+them from north to south they are: History, Drama, Poetry, Religion,
+Romance, and Philosophy. Above the entrance are inscriptions concerning
+three of the component parts of The New York Public Library. They are as
+follows:
+
+   THE LENOX LIBRARY
+   FOUNDED BY
+   JAMES LENOX
+   DEDICATED TO HISTORY
+   LITERATURE AND THE FINE ARTS
+   MDCCCLXX
+
+   THE ASTOR LIBRARY
+   FOUNDED BY
+   JOHN JACOB ASTOR
+   FOR THE
+   ADVANCEMENT OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE
+   MDCCCXLVIII
+
+   THE TILDEN TRUST
+   FOUNDED BY
+   SAMUEL JONES TILDEN
+   TO SERVE THE INTERESTS OF
+   SCIENCE AND POPULAR EDUCATION
+   MDCCCLXXXVI
+
+Beneath these is this inscription:
+
+   MDCCCXCV  THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY  MDCCCCII
+
+Of the dates in this inscription, the first, 1895, is that of the
+incorporation of The New York Public Library; the second, 1902, is that
+of the laying of the cornerstone.
+
+The statue of William Cullen Bryant, behind the Library, is by Herbert
+Adams.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+=The rear of the building= should be viewed from Bryant Park. The long
+windows are to light the bookstack. Some critics have commended the
+rear of the building very highly. Mr. A. C. David, in the article
+previously quoted, says:
+
+     "This facade is very plainly treated, without any pretence to
+     architectural effect. It is, indeed, designed frankly as the rear
+     of a structure which is not meant to be looked at except on the
+     other sides. Any attempt, consequently, at monumental treatment has
+     been abandoned. The building is designed to be seen from Fifth
+     Avenue and from the side streets. The rear, on Bryant Park, merely
+     takes care of itself; and one of the largest apartments in any
+     edifice in the United States is practically concealed, so far as
+     any positive exterior result is concerned."
+
+[Illustration: A RAINY DAY--FIFTH AVENUE
+
+FROM AN ETCHING BY CHARLES B. KING]
+
+The large apartment referred to in this quotation is the Main Reading
+Room of the Library, which is described farther on in this Handbook.
+
+
+FIRST FLOOR
+
+=Entrances.= There are two entrances to the Library, the main entrance on
+Fifth Avenue, and the side door on 42nd Street, which gives admission to
+the basement, where the Central Circulation Room, the Newspaper Room and
+the Central Children's Room are to be found. On a first visit, however,
+the sightseer should use the main entrance on Fifth Avenue, in order to
+see the lobby, which rises through two stories, with broad staircases to
+the right and left. The flying arches of these staircases are of
+seventeen feet span, and are all of marble without any brick or metal
+work whatever. The marble used in the lobby is from Vermont. The ceiling
+is a true marble vault of forty feet span, supporting itself and the
+floor over it, with no metal whatever, except some reinforcing rods
+buried in the concrete filling in the floor above.
+
+[Illustration: TRUTH
+
+BY FREDERICK MACMONNIES]
+
+Between the pillars facing the entrance are two inscriptions. At the
+left is this:
+
+   THE CITY OF NEW YORK
+   HAS ERECTED THIS BUILDING
+   TO BE MAINTAINED FOREVER
+   AS A FREE LIBRARY
+   FOR THE USE OF THE PEOPLE
+
+[Illustration: PART OF MAIN FACADE]
+
+And at the right:
+
+   ON THE DIFFUSION OF EDUCATION
+   AMONG THE PEOPLE
+   REST THE PRESERVATION
+   AND PERPETUATION
+   OF OUR FREE INSTITUTIONS
+
+The latter is a quotation from an address by Daniel Webster at Madison,
+Indiana, June 1, 1837.
+
+=Elevators= are near the northern or 42nd Street end of the building.
+There is also a staircase at this end of the building, in addition to
+the staircases near the main entrance.
+
+=Exhibition Room.= Directly opposite the main entrance is the Exhibition
+Room, finished in white Vermont marble. The ceiling is supported by
+twenty-four columns of green veined white marble. The ceiling itself is
+elaborately and beautifully carved in oak. This room is devoted to
+exhibitions of rare books, manuscripts and prints. The exhibitions are
+changed from time to time, usually as often as three or four times a
+year. Open 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. on week days; 1 to 5 p. m. Sundays.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+=Current Periodicals Room.= The corridor to the south from the main
+entrance leads to the Current Periodicals Room (Room Number 111). Here
+about 4,500 current periodicals are on file. A hundred of these are on
+open racks. The others may be obtained upon application at the desk. A
+classified finding list gives the reader the titles of periodicals kept
+here. As this room is sometimes confused in the public mind with a
+popular or club reading room, it should be remembered that this is one
+department in a building primarily devoted to the reference work of the
+Library. The few restrictions which are imposed are only for the purpose
+of keeping the files intact for binding. The Branches of The New York
+Public Library contain reading rooms where all the periodicals are on
+open racks.
+
+[Illustration: FRONT DOOR]
+
+=Business Offices.= Following the corridor leading south and then turning
+to the right along the 40th Street side of the building, one reaches
+some of the business offices of the Library--the office of the Bursar
+(No. 104), of the Building Superintendent (No. 103), of the Chief of the
+Circulation Department (No. 102), and of the Supervisor of work with
+children (No. 105). These offices are open for any persons who have
+occasion to visit them for business reasons, but they are of no interest
+to sightseers. In Room 100, devoted mainly to the cataloguing work of
+the Circulation Department, there is a card catalogue of all the books
+in this Department,--that is, in the Branches of the Library. The Room
+is open to the public, for the consultation of this catalogue, on week
+days from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m.
+
+[Illustration: BASE OF FLAGPOLE]
+
+=Technology Division.= Following the corridor leading to the north from
+the main entrance, there is, on the right, the room of the Technology
+Division (No. 115), devoted to applied science and engineering. The
+collection of books in this Division, or under its control, numbers
+about 65,000. In this room, as in all the special reading rooms, with a
+few exceptions, books are on open shelves for the free access of readers
+and students.
+
+=Patents Room= (No. 121). At the end of the corridor parallel to 42nd
+Street, is the Patents Room, a part of the Technology Division. It is
+open from 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. on week days, and is closed on Sundays.
+Patents may be consulted evenings and Sundays by arrangement with the
+technology librarian, Room 115.
+
+[Illustration: NORTH WING]
+
+=The Library for the Blind= (No. 116) is on the inner or western side of
+the corridor leading north from the main entrance. This collection
+contains about 8,000 books in embossed type for blind readers, and, in
+addition, 5,500 music scores, also in embossed type. These books are
+lent not only in Greater New York, but are sent free by mail to blind
+readers in all parts of the States of New York, New Jersey, and
+Connecticut. A teacher employed by the Library goes to homes and
+institutions in the City of New York to teach adult blind persons to
+read by touch. The room is open on week days from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m. A
+bronze tablet on the wall bears the following inscription:
+
+   THE NEW YORK
+   FREE CIRCULATING LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND
+   WAS FOUNDED BY RICHARD RANDALL FERRY
+
+          *       *       *       *       *
+
+   THROUGH THE EXERTIONS OF CLARA A. WILLIAMS
+   THIS LIBRARY WAS PERMANENTLY ESTABLISHED
+
+   INCORPORATED, JUNE 3, 1895
+   TRANSFERRED TO THE N. Y. PUBLIC LIBRARY, FEB. 21, 1903
+
+   TRUSTEES
+
+   WILLIAM B. WAIT
+   CLARA A. WILLIAMS
+   CLARK B. FERRY
+   RICHARD RANDALL FERRY
+   CHARLES W. WESTON
+
+The trustees named on the tablet are, of course, those of the former
+organization: the "New York Free Circulating Library for the Blind."
+
+
+SECOND FLOOR
+
+On the second floor a corridor runs along the front of the building,
+turning into short corridors at the north and south, and also into a
+central corridor. From these corridors open studies, offices and special
+reading rooms. In the central corridor, four studies open on the right,
+while the fifth room on this side is devoted to the:
+
+=Oriental Division= (No. 219), with a collection of about 20,000 books and
+pamphlets in Arabic, Persian, Turkish, Chinese, Japanese, and other
+eastern languages. Open 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. week days.
+
+=Jewish Division= (No. 217). Opposite the Oriental Division, on the south
+side of this central corridor, is the reading room devoted to the Jewish
+Division. There are about 24,000 books in the collection.
+
+=Slavonic Division.= The room devoted to the Slavonic Division (No. 216)
+is also on the south side of the central corridor. The resources of this
+Division, books and periodicals in the various Slavonic languages,
+number about 23,000.
+
+[Illustration: REAR OF LIBRARY FROM BRYANT PARK]
+
+=Science Division.= On the corridor parallel to Fifth Avenue, and leading
+north from the main staircase, the room on the right contains the
+Science Division (No. 225). There are about 35,000 books under the
+control of this Division.
+
+=Economics Division.= From the corridor on the northern or 42nd Street end
+of the building open the rooms devoted to Public Documents (No. 229) and
+Economics and Sociology. These were formerly separate divisions, but now
+united, and the entrance is through Room 229. The resources of the
+Division (including the large collection of Public Documents) number
+about 400,000 books and pamphlets.
+
+=Business Offices.= The rooms opening from the corridor running south from
+the main staircase are mostly business offices, devoted to the
+administration of the Library. They are of little interest to
+sightseers, but are open to any persons who have occasion to visit them.
+They include, on the front of the building, a lecture room (No. 213),
+the office of the Director of the Library (No. 210), and the meeting
+room of the Board of Trustees (No. 205). On the inner or western side of
+the corridor are: a study (No. 214), the office of the Editor of
+Publications (No. 212), and of the Reference Librarian (No. 211). The
+Trustees' Room may be seen on special application at the Director's
+office. Over the mantelpiece in this room is the inscription:
+
+   THE CITY OF NEW YORK HAS ERECTED THIS
+   BUILDING FOR THE FREE USE OF ALL THE PEOPLE
+   MCMX
+   I LOOK TO THE DIFFUSION OF LIGHT AND EDUCATION
+   AS THE RESOURCE MOST TO BE RELIED ON FOR
+   AMELIORATING THE CONDITION PROMOTING THE VIRTUE
+   AND ADVANCING THE HAPPINESS OF MAN
+
+   THOMAS JEFFERSON
+
+[Illustration: MALL BEHIND LIBRARY]
+
+On the corridor leading west, and running along the 40th Street end of
+the building, are workrooms, open only to visitors having business
+engagements. These rooms are the office of the Order Division (No. 204)
+and of the Cataloguing and Accessions Divisions (No. 200 and No. 201).
+
+[Illustration: SOUTH COURT]
+
+
+THIRD FLOOR
+
+The most important room on the third floor and, indeed, the centre of
+activity of the entire Reference Department of the Library, is the Main
+Reading Room, approached through the Public Catalogue Room. The latter
+opens from the western side of the corridor at the head of the
+staircases.
+
+=Public Catalogue Room.= This room (No. 315) contains the catalogue of the
+books in the Reference Department of the Library,--that is, the books
+available to readers in the Main Reading Room and in the special reading
+rooms of the Central Building. It is a dictionary catalogue, on cards,
+in which the books are entered by author, by subject, and by title, when
+the title is distinctive. The catalogue is in trays arranged in
+alphabetical order, beginning on the northwest wall of the room and
+running to the right. At the end of this catalogue, and on the southern
+side of the room, is an author catalogue of the books in the Central
+Circulation Branch and Central Children's Room, Rooms 78 and 80, in the
+basement. At the end of this second catalogue and separated from it by a
+public telephone, is a catalogue of the books in the Library of Congress
+for which printed catalogue cards have been issued.
+
+[Illustration: NORTHWEST CORNER]
+
+Near the entrance to the Public Catalogue Room, and at the right, is a
+bronze tablet:
+
+   BORN A.D. MDCCCXIII
+   (Bas-relief of Sir Isaac Pitman)
+   TABLET ERECTED A.D. MCMXIII
+   TO COMMEMORATE
+   THE
+   ONE HUNDREDTH ANNIVERSARY
+   OF THE BIRTH OF
+   SIR ISAAC PITMAN
+   AND IN RECOGNITION OF THE
+   IMPORTANT COLLECTION OF
+   SHORTHAND LITERATURE
+   IN THE
+   NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY
+
+Over the door leading from the Public Catalogue Room to the Main Reading
+Room is inscribed the famous quotation from Milton's "Areopagitica":
+
+   A good Booke
+   is the precious life-blood of a
+   master spirit, embalm'd and treasur'd
+   up on purpose to a life beyond life
+
+[Illustration: ENTRANCE LOBBY]
+
+=Information Desk.= The Information Desk of the Library is in the Public
+Catalogue Room, and here inquiries should be made about the resources
+and regulations of the Library, the use of the catalogue, and any other
+matter upon which the visitor may have a question to ask.
+
+=Application for books= to be used in the Main Reading Room should be made
+in the Public Catalogue Room. The applicant writes his request upon the
+slip furnished for the purpose, and files it at the desk in this room. A
+numbered ticket is handed him, which he takes into the Main Reading
+Room, going to the right if the ticket number is odd; to the left if the
+number is even. He then waits at the indicator at the western end of the
+delivery desk until the number on his ticket appears. This means that
+his books are ready for him at the desk. If, however, he prefers first
+to select a seat in the Main Reading Room, he should write the number of
+that seat on his application, and his books will be left at that seat,
+if he is there to receive them.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+=The Main Reading Room=, in the rear, extends nearly the entire length of
+the building. It has a floor area of half an acre, and is divided in the
+middle by a booth from which books are delivered. There are seats for
+768 readers. Mr. A. C. David, in the article previously quoted from the
+_Architectural Record_, says:
+
+     "The Main Reading Room is one of the most spacious rooms in the
+     world--beautifully proportioned, lighted by a series of windows on
+     both the long sides of the room, and entirely accessible to the
+     stacks. To have obtained a room of these dimensions, so excellently
+     adapted to its purpose in every respect, was a great triumph for
+     the architects."
+
+[Illustration: DOOR OF EXHIBITION ROOM]
+
+The shelves along the walls contain a collection of about
+25,000 volumes. These books are not only the usual works of
+reference,--dictionaries, encyclopaedias, and the like, but they also
+include a good working library of general literature,--philosophy,
+religion, science, history, law, biography, standard novels, poetry, and
+the drama. These books are for the free use of anyone in this room,
+without the need of making any application. The reader has only to
+select the book he wishes, and to take it to a table, where he may
+consult it. When he has finished he should leave it on the table, rather
+than attempt to return it to its place, since a misplaced book is
+temporarily lost.
+
+=The Library's Books.= It should be kept in mind that the books of the
+Reference Department are all in the Central Building, and must all be
+used in that building. The great body of them are in the stack beneath
+the Main Reading Room. In addition, there are the books in the Main
+Reading Room itself, and in the special reading rooms in other parts of
+the building. Books and pamphlets number, altogether, about one million
+and a quarter.
+
+[Illustration: ENTRANCE LOBBY, LOOKING WEST]
+
+The books in the Central Circulation Room and in the Children's Room in
+the basement, the books in the Library for the Blind, those in the
+Travelling Libraries office in the basement, and those in the
+forty-three Branch Libraries in other parts of the Boroughs of
+Manhattan, The Bronx, and Richmond are under control of the
+Circulation Department of the Library. Nearly all of these books are
+lent to borrowers for home use. They number about 1,100,000 volumes.
+
+[Illustration: SOUTH SIDE OF EXHIBITION ROOM]
+
+[Illustration: MAIN READING ROOM]
+
+In regard to the books in the Reference Department, it is correct to say
+that in them the Library owns a well-balanced collection for research in
+nearly every branch of human knowledge. The books formerly in the Astor
+and Lenox Libraries compose the foundation of the collection. The
+subjects most adequately represented are those of American history, of
+topics connected with the American continents, and the economic and
+social sciences. There are also extensive sets of public documents, of
+the publications of learned institutions, as well as comprehensive files
+of periodicals. In recent years not so much attempt has been made to get
+publications on law, theology, medicine and biology, since there are
+special libraries, elsewhere in the City, where these subjects are
+covered. The reader is nevertheless sure to find in the special reading
+rooms, and in the books which may be brought to the Main Reading Room
+for his use, the fundamental printed sources in practically every field
+of knowledge.
+
+[Illustration: PANEL IN CEILING, EXHIBITION ROOM]
+
+[Illustration: DOOR IN SCREEN
+
+MAIN READING ROOM]
+
+=Use of Books.= The Library's situation in the metropolis, and its freedom
+from restrictions (according to the custom of American libraries) have
+caused the use of its books to become two or three times greater than
+that of any of the other large libraries of the world; the average daily
+number of readers is more than double the number in any foreign library.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+=Stack.= Underneath the Main Reading Room is the steel stack, in seven
+decks, containing 334,500 feet, or 63.3 miles, of shelving. It has room
+for about 2,500,000 books. (The special reading rooms have a shelf
+capacity for about 500,000 books.) The books in the stack are brought by
+electric elevators to the Main Reading Room, as they are called for by
+readers. The stack is not open to readers or visitors.
+
+=Genealogy Room.= At the northern end of the Main Reading Room is the room
+devoted to Local History and Genealogy (No. 328). The collection numbers
+about thirty thousand volumes.
+
+[Illustration: PART OF MAIN READING ROOM]
+
+=American History Division.= At the southern end of the Main Reading Room
+is the room devoted to American history (No. 300). It is one of the
+strongest divisions of the Library, since its books are so
+distinguished among collections of this kind as to make them of the
+greatest importance to students and scholars in the field of American
+history. The foundation of this collection was formed by the books on
+American history owned by James Lenox, the founder of the Lenox Library,
+one of the components of the present New York Public Library. The tablet
+in the floor near the entrance of Room 300 is inscribed as follows:
+
+   IN MEMORY OF
+   JAMES LENOX
+   A NATIVE AND RESIDENT OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK
+   BORN AUGUST 19 1800
+   DIED FEBRUARY 17 1880
+   THE TRUSTEES OF
+   THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY
+   ASTOR LENOX AND TILDEN FOUNDATIONS
+   IN PERFORMANCE OF A GRATEFUL DUTY
+   HAVE CAUSED THIS TABLET TO BE PLACED
+   HERE AMONG THE BOOKS HE CHERISHED
+   AS A MEMORIAL OF HIS SERVICES
+   TO THE HISTORY OF AMERICA
+
+From the corridors on the front and sides of the third floor, rooms open
+in the following order, beginning with the corridor at the south,
+running along the 40th Street side of the building:
+
+=Reserve Books= (No. 303): In this room are kept the rare and reserved
+books of the Library.
+
+Among the foremost treasures of the Library are: the Gutenberg Bible
+(printed by Gutenberg and Fust about 1455, one of the earliest books
+printed from movable types); the Coverdale Bible (1535); Tyndale's
+Pentateuch (1530) and New Testament (1536); and Eliot's Indian Bible. In
+fact, the collection of early Bibles in English is one of the great
+collections of the kind in existence. The Library also owns four copies
+of the First Folio Shakespeare (1623); several copies of the Second,
+Third, and Fourth Folios (1632, 1663-64, 1685); thirty-five editions of
+the Shakespeare Quartos, before 1709; eight works printed by William
+Caxton (1475-90); the Bay Psalm Book, the first book printed in the
+territory now comprised in the United States (Cambridge, 1640); and the
+Doctrina Christiana, printed in Mexico in 1544.
+
+[Illustration: BOOK STACK
+
+(SHOWING HALF THE LENGTH OF ONE DECK)]
+
+One contribution to the Library has been commemorated by a tablet near
+the door of this room. It bears the inscription:
+
+   THE
+   BAILEY MYERS COLLECTION
+   OF
+   AMERICANA
+   FORMED BY
+   THEODORUS BAILEY MYERS
+   OF
+   NEW YORK CITY
+   1821-1888
+   GIVEN BY HIS WIDOW, DAUGHTER
+   AND DAUGHTER-IN-LAW AS A
+   MEMORIAL OF HIM AND HIS SON
+   THEODORUS BAILEY MYERS MASON
+   LIEUTENANT COMMANDER
+   UNITED STATES NAVY
+
+Opposite, in Room 304, is the office of the Bibliographer of the
+Library, and of the Chief of the American History Division.
+
+=Prints Room.= Opening from the corridor on the east (the front) of the
+Library is the Prints Room (No. 308). Open 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. week days;
+1 to 6 p. m. Sundays. Here is the Samuel P. Avery Collection of 18,000
+prints. They are mainly French and other modern etchings and
+lithographs. There is also a large collection of modern American prints,
+a collection of Japanese prints in color, and a collection of old prints
+illustrating the development of reproductive graphic art to the present
+day.
+
+=Art and Architecture.= Room 313 is the reading room devoted to Art and
+Architecture. The resources of the collection, about 25,000 books, deal
+with art and craftsmanship in the widest sense.
+
+[Illustration: TRUSTEES' ROOM]
+
+=Map Room.= On the inner, or western, side of this corridor, opposite Room
+313, is the Map Room (No. 312), a part of the American History Division.
+Open 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. on week days.
+
+=Stuart Gallery.= Opening from the corridor on the front of the building,
+and directly opposite the entrance to the Public Catalogue Room, is the
+room devoted to the Stuart Collection (No. 316). Open 9 a. m. to 6 p. m.
+on week days. Closed on Sundays. This contains pictures, books, and
+other objects of art bequeathed by Mrs. Robert L. Stuart. On the east
+wall of the Gallery is a tablet with this inscription:
+
+   THE
+   ROBERT L. STUART
+   COLLECTION
+   THE GIFT OF HIS WIDOW,
+   MRS. MARY STUART.
+   BEQUEATHED TO THE
+   LENOX LIBRARY
+   1892.
+
+Catalogues of the paintings are on sale for ten cents.
+
+=General Gallery.= The next room to the north is the general gallery (No.
+318). (Sign reads "Picture Gallery.") The pictures in this room are
+largely from the collection of James Lenox. The catalogue, mentioned in
+the preceding paragraph, gives a list of them, and a brief description
+of many. Open 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. week days and 1 to 5 p. m. Sundays.
+
+=Prints Gallery.= Opening from No. 318, and also from the north end of the
+front corridor, is the Prints Gallery (No. 321). Here are held
+exhibitions of prints, changed several times each year. Open 9 a. m. to
+6 p. m. on week days and 1 to 5 p. m. Sundays.
+
+=Manuscript Division.= On the west or inner side of the front corridor is
+the research room of the Manuscript Division (No. 319). This is open
+only to those who hold cards signed by the Director of the Library. Open
+9 a. m. to 6 p. m. week days. The Division has a good selection of
+Oriental manuscripts, and of European illuminated manuscripts. Among
+these older ones may be mentioned an "Evangelistarium, sive Lectiones ex
+Evangeliis," a French-Carlovingian manuscript on 200 vellum leaves, date
+about 870 A. D. Another manuscript of special note is the work of Giulio
+Clovio, his "Christi Vita ab Evangelistis descripta," sometimes called
+"The Towneley Lectionary." It was made for Alexander, Cardinal Farnese,
+and was presented by him to Pope Paul III.
+
+[Illustration: ONE OF THE SPECIAL READING ROOMS
+
+(GENEALOGY AND LOCAL HISTORY)]
+
+The collection of American historical manuscripts ranks as one of the
+best in the United States. Here, for example, is the original manuscript
+of Washington's "Farewell Address," a copy of the Declaration of
+Independence in Jefferson's autograph, and many other letters and
+original sources for research. Lists of the principal manuscripts have
+been printed in the Bulletin of The New York Public Library (Volume 5,
+page 306-336, and volume 19, page 135-162).
+
+=Music Division.= Turning to the west, the corridor along the 42nd Street
+side of the building leads to the Music Division (No. 324), which opens
+from the north side of the corridor. It is open week days from 9 a. m.
+to 6 p. m. The resources of the Division number about twenty-two
+thousand volumes and pieces of music.
+
+A tablet at the north end of the room bears this inscription:
+
+   DREXEL MUSICAL LIBRARY.
+   THE LEGACY OF JOSEPH W. DREXEL 1888.
+
+On the east wall is a tablet reading as follows:
+
+   IN MEMORY OF
+   1855  JULIAN EDWARDS  1910
+   WHOSE COLLECTION OF MUSIC SCORES
+   AND BOOKS WAS GIVEN TO THIS LIBRARY
+
+
+BASEMENT
+
+The basement contains three rooms of public interest. The entrance from
+42nd Street is the most convenient way to reach these rooms from the
+outside of the building, but a visitor on one of the upper floors should
+take the elevator or the staircase, both near the north end of the
+building.
+
+[Illustration: CENTRAL CIRCULATION ROOM]
+
+=Newspaper Room.= In the Newspaper Room (No. 84) about sixty daily
+newspapers are on racks for free use, without the need of any
+application. About twenty-five foreign newspapers are obtainable upon
+application at the desk. A bulletin board at the right of the entrance
+gives full information about these and other resources of the Newspaper
+Room.
+
+On the western side of the entrance corridor, near the door of the
+Circulating Library, is a bronze tablet with the following inscription:
+
+   [Seal of The New York Public Library]
+
+   THIS BUILDING IS ERECTED
+   UPON A PART OF THE COMMON LANDS
+   WHICH WERE GRANTED BY ROYAL CHARTER
+   TO THE MAYOR ALDERMEN AND COMMONALTY
+   OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK
+   IN 1686,
+   THE SECOND YEAR OF THE REIGN OF JAMES THE SECOND
+   KING OF ENGLAND.
+
+   THE CITY OF NEW YORK IN 1897,
+   WILLIAM L. STRONG BEING MAYOR,
+   UNDERTOOK TO CONSTRUCT,
+   AT THE PUBLIC EXPENSE,
+   A BUILDING UPON THIS SITE
+   TO BE USED AND OCCUPIED BY
+   THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY,
+   ASTOR, LENOX AND TILDEN FOUNDATIONS
+   SO LONG AS IT SHOULD MAINTAIN HEREIN
+   A FREE LIBRARY AND READING ROOM FOR THE PEOPLE.
+
+   WORK WAS BEGUN BY THE CITY IN 1899,
+   ROBERT ANDERSON VAN WYCK BEING MAYOR.
+   THE CORNERSTONE WAS LAID IN 1902,
+   SETH LOW BEING MAYOR.
+   THE BUILDING WAS COMPLETED IN 1909,
+   GEORGE BRINTON McCLELLAN BEING MAYOR.
+   IT WAS OCCUPIED AND OPENED TO THE PUBLIC IN 1911
+   WILLIAM JAY GAYNOR BEING MAYOR.
+
+[Illustration: NORTH STAIRCASE]
+
+=Central Circulation Branch= (sign over door reads, "Circulating Library")
+(No. 80). This is one of the forty-four Branches of The New York Public
+Library, intended for the circulation of books for home use. In this
+instance alone the Branch is situated in the Central Building and is
+supported by the funds of the Library and not by the City. The room is
+interesting because of its activity. The view of it reproduced in this
+book had to be taken when but few people were there, but during
+afternoons and evenings, especially in the autumn, winter, and spring
+months, the room is frequently over-crowded with readers and borrowers
+of books. As over 500,000 books were borrowed from this one room during
+1915 it may be said that there are few, if any, busier library rooms in
+the country, or, indeed, in the world. There is a collection of over
+50,000 books, with a reserve collection of somewhat more than 70,000.
+The room is open 9 a. m. to 10 p. m. week days, including all holidays,
+and 2 to 6 p. m. on Sundays.
+
+=Children's Room.= Near the 42nd Street entrance a corridor runs east to
+the Children's Room (No. 78). The visitor to the building should not
+fail to see this room, with its attractive furnishings, its collections
+of brightly colored picture-books, and pictures.
+
+The object of the room is not only to perform the usual work of a
+children's room, but also to interest and help parents and others in
+selecting children's reading. Authors, artists, and publishers come here
+for information about books for children. Another purpose is to furnish
+suggestions for similar rooms elsewhere. A number of libraries, in other
+parts of the world, have adopted suggestions which they found here.
+Exhibitions on various subjects are held from time to time, and there is
+a collection of children's books of the old-fashioned kind. Open 9 a. m.
+to 6 p. m. week days.
+
+[Illustration: CHILDREN'S ROOM]
+
+=Library School.= Here a two years' course in training for library work is
+given to a body of students averaging about seventy-five in number. The
+office of the School (where inquiries should be made) is in Room 75,
+on the inner or western side of the corridor which runs along the front
+of the building, parallel to Fifth Avenue. The Library School class
+room, not open to the public, is on the other side of the corridor.
+
+=Public Telephones.= The public telephones are in Room 70, on the inner or
+western side of the front corridor.
+
+=Business Offices.= The rest of the basement floor is occupied by offices,
+open only to those who have business engagements therein. The offices
+include that for Printing and Binding (No. 58), and the Shipping Room
+(No. 51). In the Printing Office the catalogue cards of the Library,
+printed forms, and all the Library's publications are printed. For the
+publications, see page 78.
+
+=Travelling Libraries Office.= The entrance to the Travelling Libraries
+office is from Bryant Park, at the southwest corner of the building. The
+office itself is not of interest to sightseers. As it is under control
+of the Circulation Department, its work is described on page 59.
+
+FOOTNOTE:
+
+[Footnote 1: September, 1910.]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+THE CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT
+
+
+     BRANCH LIBRARIES--HOURS OF OPENING: CENTRAL CIRCULATION open 9 a.
+     m. to 10 p. m. every week day, 2 to 6 p. m. on Sundays. CHILDREN'S
+     ROOM 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. on week days. LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND,
+     TRAVELLING LIBRARIES, and OFFICES open 9 a. m. to 5 p. m. on week
+     days.
+
+OTHER BRANCHES, 9 a. m. to 9 p. m. on week days. Exceptions as follows:
+CENTRAL CIRCULATION and branches in Carnegie buildings open full hours
+on all holidays; other branches closed on January 1, May 30, July 4,
+December 25, presidential election day, and Thanksgiving; after 6 p. m.
+on February 22 and Christmas eve; after 5 p. m. on election days other
+than presidential elections.
+
+
+
+
+CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT
+
+
+The Circulation Department of the Library performs its work through
+forty-four Branch Libraries in the Boroughs of Manhattan, Richmond
+(Staten Island), and The Bronx. (Each of the other two Boroughs of
+Greater New York, Brooklyn and Queens, has its own Public Library.)
+These Branches are in separate buildings, with the exception of the
+Circulation Branch in the Central Building. That is supported by the
+funds of the Library; all the others are maintained by the City.
+Thirty-seven of the Branch buildings were erected from funds given by
+Mr. Andrew Carnegie. The collections of books in the Branches number
+from ten to fifty thousand, with a total of about 1,100,000 books.
+
+Each Branch has an adult department, with its collection of books for
+adult readers, a children's room, and a reading room with current
+magazines, reference books, and, in many cases, daily newspapers. Many
+of the Branches contain lecture or assembly rooms.
+
+These Branch Libraries serve a population estimated at above three
+million. The Branches are spread over a large territory, and from the
+northernmost of them, in the Borough of The Bronx, to the one farthest
+south, on Staten Island, the distance is about forty miles. A directory
+of Branches is on page 77.
+
+=Circulation of Books.= The New York Public Library, according to the
+general custom of American libraries, imposes few restrictions upon its
+readers. This fact, together with its situation in the metropolis of
+the country, is the reason why it is probably used more than any other
+library under one management in the world. The use is constantly
+growing. In 1915 there were borrowed from the Branch Libraries, for home
+use, 10,384,579 books.
+
+[Illustration: SEWARD PARK BRANCH]
+
+=Special Collections.= There are books in foreign languages, especially
+French and German, in all the Branches. The principal collections of
+books in foreign tongues other than French and German, are these:
+
+   _Language      Branch_
+
+   Bohemian       Webster.
+   Chinese        Chatham Square.
+   Danish         Tottenville, 125th Street.
+   Dutch          Muhlenberg.
+   Finnish        125th Street.
+   Flemish        Muhlenberg.
+   Greek (Modern) Chatham Square.
+   Hebrew         Seward Park, Aguilar.
+   Hungarian      Tompkins Square, Hamilton Fish Park,
+                    Yorkville, Woodstock.
+   Italian        Hudson Park, Aguilar, Bond Street.
+   Norwegian      Tottenville.
+   Polish         Rivington Street, Tompkins Square,
+                    Columbus, Melrose.
+   Roumanian        Rivington Street.
+   Russian          Seward Park, Rivington Street, Hamilton
+                      Fish Park, 96th Street, Chatham
+                      Square.
+   Slovak           Webster.
+   Spanish          Jackson Square.
+   Swedish          125th Street, 58th Street.
+   Servian          Muhlenberg.
+   Yiddish          Rivington Street, Seward Park, Hamilton
+                      Fish Park, Aguilar, Tremont.
+
+=Interbranch Loan.= A book in any one of the Branches is available to a
+reader at any other Branch through a system of interbranch loans.
+
+=Reading Rooms.= The total attendance in the adult reading rooms in the
+Branch Libraries, during 1915, was 1,224,526. The greatest use of
+reading rooms is at two of the Branches on the lower East Side.
+
+[Illustration: ADULTS' ROOM--58th STREET BRANCH]
+
+=Library for the Blind.= The Library for the Blind, although under control
+of the Circulation Department, has its headquarters and reading room in
+the Central Building. Its work has been described on page 22.
+
+[Illustration: MOTT HAVEN BRANCH]
+
+=Travelling Libraries.= From the office of the Travelling Libraries, in
+the Central Building, collections of books are sent to communities and
+homes in outlying districts of the city; to churches, Sunday schools,
+settlements, clubs, stores, factories,--in fact, to any community or
+institution not readily served by a Branch Library. There are about 800
+stations with Travelling Libraries. The circulation through these
+agencies, in 1915, numbered 962,355 books. Travelling Library stations
+are established in mercantile houses, in Fire and Police stations, fire
+boats, Federal, State, and City Department offices, armories, ships of
+the coast guard, vacation playgrounds, and summer camps. Books are sent
+in this manner to prisons, workhouses, elementary and high schools,
+hospitals, and army posts in New York City.
+
+[Illustration: BOND STREET BRANCH
+
+(THE OLDEST BRANCH)]
+
+[Illustration: TRAVELLING LIBRARY IN A MERCANTILE HOUSE]
+
+=Work with Children.= The work with children comprises a great deal
+besides the maintenance of children's rooms and the circulation of
+children's books. In 1915, the total circulation of books to children,
+including the figures recorded by the juvenile work of the Travelling
+Libraries, was 4,415,794, or forty-two per cent. of the total
+circulation of the Library. The Library works with the schools and
+museums. It holds special exhibitions, meetings, and celebrations of
+interest to children and to parents. Between fifty and sixty reading
+clubs for the older boys and girls meet at the Branch Libraries. Groups
+of children gather in the Branches from November to May, to attend
+"story hours."
+
+=Lectures and meetings.= The Branches are used as meeting places by
+literary, educational and social organizations and clubs. Assembly rooms
+in the Branches are open for any meeting of an instructive or literary
+nature, provided that no admission fee is charged, and that nothing of a
+political or sectarian character is discussed. Many classes of
+foreigners learning English meet regularly in the Branch Libraries.
+
+[Illustration: AT A STORY HOUR]
+
+
+
+
+HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE LIBRARY
+
+
+The New York Public Library, as it exists to-day, is the result of the
+generosity of a few private citizens, combined with the efforts of the
+City itself. Its corporate existence, in its present form, began on May
+23, 1895, by the consolidation of: "The Trustees of the Astor Library,"
+"The Trustees of the Lenox Library," and "The Tilden Trust."
+
+[Illustration: LIBRARY'S INSTRUCTOR TEACHING THE BLIND TO READ]
+
+[Illustration: READING WITH THE FINGERS IN THE LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND]
+
+=The Astor Library=, originally incorporated in 1849, was founded by John
+Jacob Astor. His gifts, together with those of his sons and grandsons,
+amounted to about $1,700,000. Washington Irving was the first
+President of the Library, and Joseph Green Cogswell its first
+Superintendent, or Librarian. In its building on Lafayette Place (now
+Lafayette Street) it was for many years one of the literary landmarks of
+New York. At the time of its consolidation with The New York Public
+Library it had an endowment fund of about $941,000, which produced an
+annual income of about $47,000. It contained then 266,147 volumes. It
+was solely a reference library,--the funds were given with the
+understanding that the books should not be lent for use outside the
+building.
+
+[Illustration: SUMMER AFTERNOON STORY HOUR]
+
+[Illustration: CORNER OF CHILDREN'S READING ROOM, HARLEM LIBRARY
+BRANCH]
+
+=The Lenox Library.= James Lenox, one of America's greatest book
+collectors, was born in New York City in 1800 and died there in 1880. In
+1870, by the incorporation of the Lenox Library, he gave to the city of
+his birth his books and art treasures. The building, which formerly
+stood on Fifth Avenue between 70th and 71st Streets, was erected for the
+Library and opened to the public, a part at a time, beginning in 1876.
+At the time of consolidation the Library owned its building, an
+endowment fund of $505,500, which yielded an annual income of about
+$20,500; and about 86,000 volumes. This also was a reference library,
+not a circulating library.
+
+[Illustration: VISIT OF A CLASS FROM A PUBLIC SCHOOL]
+
+=The Tilden Trust.= Samuel Jones Tilden was born in New Lebanon, New York,
+in 1814. He died in New York City in 1886. By the final settlement of
+his estate the City received his private library and an endowment fund
+of about $2,000,000, for library purposes.
+
+[Illustration: TRAVELLING LIBRARY IN A FACTORY]
+
+=Consolidation.= In the agreement for consolidation it was provided that
+the name of the new corporation should be "The New York Public Library,
+Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations"; that the number of its trustees
+should be twenty-one, to be selected from the thirty-three members of
+the separate boards; and that "the said new corporation shall establish
+and maintain a free public library and reading room in the City of New
+York, with such branches as may be deemed advisable, and shall continue
+and promote the several objects and purposes set forth in the respective
+acts of incorporation of 'The Trustees of the Astor Library,' 'The
+Trustees of the Lenox Library,' and 'The Tilden Trust.'"
+
+[Illustration: TRAVELLING LIBRARY IN FIRE-ENGINE HOUSE]
+
+[Illustration: ROOF READING ROOM, SEWARD PARK BRANCH]
+
+Later, another member was added to the Board of Trustees, and three
+municipal officials were made members _ex officio_.
+
+The first Director of The New York Public Library was Dr. John Shaw
+Billings, who served from 1896 until his death in 1913. He rendered
+distinguished services, especially in the organization of the new
+Library and in the arrangement of the Central Building.
+
+=New York Free Circulating Library.= In 1901 the New York Free Circulating
+Library was consolidated with the new system. This Library had then
+eleven Branches and owned about 160,000 volumes.
+
+=Other Circulating Libraries.= In 1901, the St. Agnes Free Library and the
+Washington Heights Free Library were also added to the system. The New
+York Free Circulating Library for the Blind and the Aguilar Free
+Library, with four Branches, were added in 1903. In 1904, the Harlem
+Free Library, Tottenville Free Library, the University Settlement
+Library at Rivington and Eldridge Streets, and the Webster Free Library
+followed. Also in 1904 the five Branches of the Cathedral Free
+Circulating Library became part of the new corporation.
+
+=Carnegie Branches.= In 1901 Mr. Andrew Carnegie offered Greater New York
+$5,200,000 for the construction and equipment of free circulating
+libraries, on condition that the City provide the land and agree to
+maintain the libraries when built. The offer was accepted, and
+thirty-seven Branch Libraries are now housed in buildings erected with
+that part of Mr. Carnegie's gift assigned to The New York Public
+Library. A directory of all the Branch Libraries may be found on page
+77.
+
+=Management.= The corporation is managed by a Board of twenty-five
+Trustees, including the Mayor, Comptroller, and President of the Board
+of Aldermen _ex officio_. The names of the Trustees are given on page
+76. The Trustees hold office continuously, and vacancies are filled by
+vote of the remaining Trustees. No Trustee receives any compensation for
+his services. The immediate management of the Library is entrusted to
+the Director. The Staff numbers between twelve and thirteen hundred
+persons, including those in the Central Building and in the Branches. As
+the buildings are open between twelve and thirteen hours a day the Staff
+works in two shifts. Somewhat less than half of the Staff are employed
+in the Central Building.
+
+[Illustration: BOYS' CLUB; YORKVILLE BRANCH]
+
+=Benefactors.= A complete list of the Library's benefactors, besides the
+three founders, can more appropriately be given elsewhere. In addition
+to Mr. Carnegie's gift, one bequest should be noted here: that of John
+S. Kennedy, who in 1909 left about $3,000,000 to the Library, without
+conditions.
+
+=Work of the Library.= This historical sketch may help to make clear the
+organization and work of the Library as it is carried on to-day. It is a
+free reference library combined with a free circulating library. The
+books in the Reference Department (in the Central Building) which came
+from either the Astor or the Lenox Libraries, and those which have been
+added since the consolidation, from the endowments of those Libraries,
+must necessarily be for reference use only. The Astor and Lenox
+Foundations give the Trustees of The New York Public Library no option
+in this matter. About one million books in the Circulation Department
+(the Branch Libraries) are lent for home use.
+
+[Illustration: KINGSBRIDGE BRANCH]
+
+[Illustration: FLOOR PLANS, CENTRAL BUILDING]
+
+[Illustration: FLOOR PLANS, CENTRAL BUILDING]
+
+
+
+
+TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS OF THE LIBRARY
+
+
+   WILLIAM W. APPLETON
+   ANDREW CARNEGIE
+   CLEVELAND H. DODGE
+   JOHN MURPHY FARLEY
+   SAMUEL GREENBAUM
+   FREDERIC R. HALSEY
+   JOHN HENRY HAMMOND
+   LEWIS CASS LEDYARD
+   J. P. MORGAN
+   MORGAN J. O'BRIEN
+   STEPHEN H. OLIN
+   HENRY FAIRFIELD OSBORN
+   WILLIAM BARCLAY PARSONS
+   GEORGE L. RIVES
+   ELIHU ROOT
+   CHARLES HOWLAND RUSSELL
+   EDWARD W. SHELDON
+   GEORGE W. SMITH
+   I. N. PHELPS STOKES
+   FREDERICK STURGES
+   HENRY W. TAFT
+   PAYNE WHITNEY
+
+   JOHN PURROY MITCHEL, Mayor of the City of New York, _ex officio_
+
+   WILLIAM A. PRENDERGAST,
+   Comptroller of the City of New York, _ex officio_
+
+   FRANK L. DOWLING, President of the Board of Aldermen, _ex officio_
+
+
+OFFICERS
+
+   _President_, GEORGE L. RIVES
+   _First Vice-President_, LEWIS CASS LEDYARD
+   _Second Vice-President_, ELIHU ROOT
+   _Secretary_, CHARLES HOWLAND RUSSELL
+   _Treasurer_, EDWARD W. SHELDON
+   _Director of the Library_, EDWIN H. ANDERSON
+
+   _Chief Reference Librarian_, H. M. LYDENBERG
+   _Chief of the Circulation Department_, BENJAMIN ADAMS
+
+
+
+
+BRANCH LIBRARIES
+
+
+With the exception of the Central Building, the names of the Branches in
+Manhattan and The Bronx are arranged as they are situated, from south to
+north.
+
+Names marked with a star (*) are of Branches occupying Carnegie
+buildings.
+
+MANHATTAN
+
+   CENTRAL BUILDING. Fifth Avenue and 42nd Street
+     CENTRAL CIRCULATION
+     CHILDREN'S ROOM
+     LIBRARY FOR THE BLIND
+     TRAVELLING LIBRARIES
+   CHATHAM SQUARE.* 33 East Broadway
+   SEWARD PARK.* 192 East Broadway
+   RIVINGTON STREET,* 61
+   HAMILTON FISH PARK.* 388 East Houston Street
+   HUDSON PARK.* 66 Leroy Street
+   BOND STREET, 49. Near the Bowery
+   OTTENDORFER. 135 Second Avenue. Near 8th Street
+   TOMPKINS SQUARE.* 331 East 10th Street
+   JACKSON SQUARE. 251 West 13th Street
+   EPIPHANY.* 228 East 23rd Street
+   MUHLENBERG.* 209 West 23rd Street
+   ST. GABRIEL'S PARK.* 303 East 36th Street
+   40TH STREET,* 457 West
+   CATHEDRAL. 123 East 50th Street
+   COLUMBUS.* 742 Tenth Avenue. Near 51st Street
+   58TH STREET,* 121 East
+   67TH STREET,* 328 East
+   RIVERSIDE.* 190 Amsterdam Avenue. Near 69th Street
+   WEBSTER.* 1465 Avenue A. Near 78th Street
+   YORKVILLE.* 222 East 79th Street
+   ST. AGNES.* 444 Amsterdam Avenue. Near 81st Street
+   96TH STREET,* 112 East
+   BLOOMINGDALE. 206 West 100th Street
+   AGUILAR.* 174 East 110th Street
+   115TH STREET,* 203 West
+   HARLEM LIBRARY.* 9 West 124th Street
+   125TH STREET,* 224 East
+   GEORGE BRUCE. 78 Manhattan Street
+   135TH STREET,* 103 West
+   HAMILTON GRANGE.* 503 West 145th Street
+   WASHINGTON HEIGHTS.* 1000 St. Nicholas Ave. Cor. of 160th St.
+   FORT WASHINGTON.* 535 West 179th Street
+
+
+THE BRONX
+
+   MOTT HAVEN.* 321 East 140th Street
+   WOODSTOCK.* 759 East 160th Street
+   MELROSE.* 910 Morris Avenue. Corner of 162nd Street.
+   HIGH BRIDGE.* 78 West 168th Street
+   MORRISANIA.* 610 East 169th Street
+   TREMONT.* 1866 Washington Avenue. Corner of 176th Street
+   KINGSBRIDGE.* 3041 Kingsbridge Avenue. Near 230th Street
+
+
+RICHMOND (STATEN ISLAND)
+
+   ST. GEORGE.* 5 Central Avenue. Tompkinsville P. O.
+   PORT RICHMOND.* 75 Bennett Street
+   STAPLETON.* 132 Canal Street
+   TOTTENVILLE.* 7430 Amboy Road
+
+
+
+
+PUBLICATIONS OF THE LIBRARY
+
+
+A reader of this Handbook may wish to know about some other sources of
+information concerning the Library. For that reason a few of its
+publications are named here. They may be consulted in the Central
+Building or any of the Branches.
+
+=Annual Report= of The New York Public Library. (A limited number are sent
+to institutions or private persons upon request.)
+
+=Bulletin= of The New York Public Library. Published monthly. Chiefly
+devoted to the Reference Department. Bibliography, news of the Library,
+reprints of manuscripts, descriptions of new accessions. One dollar a
+year; current single numbers for ten cents. Back numbers at advanced
+rates.
+
+=Branch Library News.= Monthly publication of the Circulation Department.
+Lists of new books, reading lists, articles about books, etc. Given free
+at the Branches. By mail free to libraries and other public
+institutions. Otherwise, twenty-five cents a year.
+
+=Facts for the Public.= A small pamphlet of general information about the
+Library. Much of its contents is also contained in this Handbook. Given
+free.
+
+=Central Building Guide.= A small pamphlet. Price five cents.
+
+
+
+
+THE CROTON RESERVOIR
+
+
+As the Central Building of the Library stands on part of the site of the
+old Croton Reservoir, it is fitting to reprint here the inscriptions on
+two tablets which were formerly affixed to the Reservoir.
+
+One tablet is now on the first floor of the Central Building, on the
+wall of the south or 40th Street corridor. The inscription is:
+
+   HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE ACCOUNT
+   OF THE CROTON AQUEDUCT
+
+   The Law authorizing the construction of the work, passed May
+   2nd, 1834.
+
+   STEPHEN ALLEN, WILLIAM W. FOX, SAUL ALLEY,
+   CHARLES DUSENBERRY and BENJAMIN M. BROWN were appointed
+   _Commissioners_.
+
+   During the year 1834, two surveys were made--one by DAVID
+   B. DOUGLASS and the other by JOHN MARTINEAU.
+
+   In April, 1835, a majority of the Electors of the City voted in
+   favour of constructing the Aqueduct.
+
+   On the 7th May following, the _Common Council_ "instructed the
+   Commissioners to proceed with the work."
+
+   DAVID B. DOUGLASS was employed as _Chief Engineer_ until
+   October, 1836; when he was succeeded by JOHN B. JERVIS.
+
+   In March, 1837, BENJAMIN M. BROWN resigned, and was succeeded
+   by THOMAS T. WOODRUFF.
+
+   In March, 1840, the before mentioned Commissioners were succeeded
+   by SAMUEL STEVENS, JOHN D. WARD, ZEBEDEE RING,
+   BENJAMIN BIRDSALL and SAMUEL R. CHILDS.
+
+   The work was commenced in May, 1837. On the 22nd June, 1842,
+   the Aqueduct was so far completed that it received the Water from the
+   Croton River Lake; on the 27th the Water entered the Receiving Reservoir
+   and was admitted into this Reservoir on the succeeding 4th of July.
+
+   The DAM at the Croton River is 40 feet high, and the overfall
+   251 feet in length.
+
+   The CROTON RIVER LAKE is five miles long, and covers an
+   area of 400 acres.
+
+   The AQUEDUCT, from the DAM to this Reservoir, is 40-1/2 miles
+   long, and will deliver in twenty-four hours 60,000,000 imperial gallons.
+
+   The capacity of the Receiving Reservoir is 150,000,000 gallons,
+   and of this reservoir 20,000,000.
+
+   The cost, to and including this Reservoir, nearly $9,000,000.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+In the pavement of the south court is a tablet with this inscription:
+
+CROTON AQUEDUCT.
+
+DISTRIBUTING RESERVOIR.
+
+COMMISSIONERS.
+
+   SAMUEL STEVENS
+   ZEBEDEE RING
+   JOHN D. WARD
+   BENJ^n BIRDSALL
+   SAMUEL R. CHILDS
+
+ENGINEERS.
+
+   JOHN B. JERVIS. CHIEF.
+   H^o ALLEN, PRIN^l ASSIST.
+   P. HASTIE, RESIDENT.
+
+BUILDERS.
+
+   THOMSON PRICE & SON.
+
+COMMENCED A. D. MDCCCXXXVIII.
+
+COMPLETED A. D. MDCCCXLII.
+
+
+
+
+   TWENTY-FIVE THOUSAND COPIES
+   OF THIS FIRST EDITION OF THE
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