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diff --git a/27318-h/27318-h.htm b/27318-h/27318-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ec4bcf2 --- /dev/null +++ b/27318-h/27318-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,2688 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> +<head> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" /> +<title>The Project Gutenberg eBook of Pung Chow, by Lew Lysle Harr</title> + <style type="text/css"> +/*<![CDATA[ XML blockout */ +<!-- + p { margin-top: .75em; margin-bottom: .75em; } + h1, h2, h4, h5, h6 { text-align: center; clear: both; } + hr {text-align: center; margin-top: 2em; margin-bottom: 2em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; clear: both; } + table {margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;} + body {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; } + .pagenum { /* uncomment for invisible page numbers:/* /* visibility: hidden; */ + position: absolute; left: 92%; font-size: smaller; text-align: right; } +/* formatting for correction highlighting */ + ins.mycorr {text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1.5px dotted #FF0000;} + ins.errata {text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1.5px solid #FF0000;} +/* general text formats */ + .just {text-align: justify;} + .left {text-align: left;} + .center {text-align: center;} + .smcap {font-variant: small-caps;} + .hidden {visibility: hidden; font-size:0;} + .border {border-style: solid; border-width: 1px;} + .bigger {font-size:110%} +/* following 4 styles are used to format the Mah-Jong scoring tables */ + td.bb {border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; } /* puts a sum line in as bottom border - used in combination with col2 class i.e. class="col2 bb" */ + td.col1 {text-align: left; width: 300px; text-indent:-1.5em; margin-left:1.5em;padding-left: 2em;} /* column 1 fixed width so all tables align and fit on page for low screen res*/ + td.col2 {text-align: right; width: 3em; vertical-align: bottom;} /* column 2 width varies with text size so numbers always on 1 line*/ + td.col3 {text-align: left; padding-left: .5em; vertical-align: bottom; width: 14em} /* inserts a small space before words in 3rd column */ +/* following 3 styles are used to format the TOC and other tables */ + td.left {text-align: left; width: 60%;} + td.left-in {text-align: left; width: 60%;padding-left: 1.5em;} + td.right {text-align: right; width:20%} +/* images centered, no border */ + img {border-width:0px; text-align: center;} +/* Other special formatting: */ + .caption {font-weight: bold;} + .figcenter {margin:auto; text-align: center; } + .footnotes {border: dashed 1px;} + .footnote {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-size: 0.9em;} + .footnote .label {position: absolute; right: 84%; text-align: right;} + .fnanchor {vertical-align: super; font-size: .8em; text-decoration: none;} + .advert {margin-left: 6em; margin-right: 6em; padding-left: 1em; text-indent: -1em; text-align: justify} + + hr.full { width: 100%; + margin-top: 3em; + margin-bottom: 0em; + margin-left: auto; + margin-right: auto; + height: 4px; + border-width: 4px 0 0 0; /* remove all borders except the top one */ + border-style: solid; + border-color: #000000; + clear: both; } + pre {font-size: 85%;} +// --> + /* XML end ]]>*/ + </style> +</head> +<body> +<h1>The Project Gutenberg eBook, Pung Chow, by Lew Lysle Harr</h1> +<pre> +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at <a href = "http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></pre> +<p>Title: Pung Chow</p> +<p> The Game of a Hundred Intelligences. Also known as Mah-Diao, Mah-Jong, Mah-Cheuk, Mah-Juck and Pe-Ling</p> +<p>Author: Lew Lysle Harr</p> +<p>Release Date: November 23, 2008 [eBook #27318]</p> +<p>Language: English</p> +<p>Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1</p> +<p>***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PUNG CHOW***</p> +<p> </p> +<h3 class="center">E-text prepared by K. D. Thornton, Louise Pattison,<br /> + and the Project Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team<br /> + (http://www.pgdp.net)</h3> +<p> </p> +<hr class="full" /> +<p> </p> +<p> </p> +<p> </p> + +<h2 class="left">Contents of This E-Book</h2> +<p> +<a href="#NOTE">NOTE</a><br /> +<a href="#PUNG-CHOW">PUNG-CHOW</a><br /> +<a href="#INTRODUCTION">INTRODUCTION</a><br /> +<a href="#SUMMARY_OF_THE_GAME">SUMMARY OF THE GAME</a><br /> +<a href="#DESCRIPTION_OF_TILES">DESCRIPTION OF TILES</a><br /> +<a href="#PROCEDURE_OF_PLAY">PROCEDURE OF PLAY</a><br /> +<a href="#FOUR_OF_A_KIND">FOUR OF A KIND</a><br /> +<a href="#MAH-JONGG_OR_MAH-DIAO">MAH-JONGG OR MAH-DIAO</a><br /> +<a href="#SETTLING_THE_SCORES">SETTLING THE SCORES</a><br /> +<a href="#SUGGESTIONS_FOR_CAREFUL_PLAYING_OF_HANDS">SUGGESTIONS FOR CAREFUL PLAYING OF HANDS</a><br /> +<a href="#USE_OF_THE_MANDARINS">USE OF THE MANDARINS</a><br /> +<a href="#SCORE_CARD">SCORE CARD</a><br /> +<a href="#EXAMPLE_OF_HANDS_AND_HOW_THEY_ARE_SCORED">EXAMPLE OF HANDS AND HOW THEY ARE SCORED</a><br /> +<a href="#ILLUSTRATIONS_OF_SCORE_SETTLING">ILLUSTRATIONS OF SCORE SETTLING</a><br /> +<a href="#PART_TWO">PART TWO</a><br /> +<a href="#PLAYING_WITH_A_LIMIT">PLAYING WITH A LIMIT</a><br /> +<a href="#THE_PROCEDURE_OF_PLAY">THE PROCEDURE OF PLAY</a><br /> +<a href="#BONUS_SCORES">BONUS SCORES</a><br /> +<a href="#LIMIT_HANDS">LIMIT HANDS</a><br /> +<a href="#SCORING_VALUES">SCORING VALUES</a><br /> +<a href="#EXPLANATION_OF_ITEMS_IN_THE_TABLE_OF_SCORING_VALUES">EXPLANATION OF ITEMS IN THE TABLE OF SCORING VALUES</a><br /> +<a href="#DOUBLING_HONOR_SCORES">DOUBLING HONOR SCORES</a><br /> +<a href="#PENALTIES">PENALTIES</a><br /> +<a href="#EXAMPLE_OF_WINNING_HANDS">EXAMPLE OF WINNING HANDS</a><br /> +<a href="#TWO_AND_THREE-HANDED_GAMES">TWO AND THREE-HANDED GAMES</a><br /> +<a href="#Table_of_Contents">Table of Contents</a><br /> +<a href="#ERRATA">ERRATA</a><br /> +<a href="#Transcribers_Notes">Transcriber's Notes</a><br /> +</p> + +<!-- End Autogenerated TOC. --> + +<p class='just'>Transcriber's notes and corrections are highlighted like <ins class = "mycorr" +title = "Transcriber's Note">this</ins>, and Errata noted in the original book are highlighted like <ins class = "errata" +title = "Erratum">this</ins>. Mouse over the underlined text to view notes. </p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[Pg 1]</a></span><br /></p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">[Pg 2]</a></span><br /></p> + +<div class="border"><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[Pg 3]</a></span></p> + +<div class='figcenter'><img src="images/pung-chow.jpg" alt="PUNG-CHOW" /><h1 class='hidden'>PUNG-CHOW</h1></div> + +<h2>THE GAME OF A HUNDRED<br />INTELLIGENCES</h2> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<div class='center'> + <p>Also known as<br /><br /> + MAH-DIAO<br /><br /> + MAH-JONG<br /><br /> + MAH-CHEUK<br /><br /> + MAH-JUCK<br /><br /> + <i>and</i><br /><br /> + PE-LING<br /><br /></p> + <p>By L. L. HARR<br /></p> + <p><img src="images/title_page_decoration.jpg" alt="Title Page Decoration"></img><br /></p> + <p>HARPER & BROTHERS, <i>Publishers</i></p> + <p>New York and London</p> +</div></div> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[Pg 4]</a></span><br /></p> + +<div class='center'> + <p><span class='smcap'>Copyright</span>, 1922</p> + <p>By L. L. HARR</p> + <p>Printed in the U. S. A.</p> +</div> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</a></span></p> + +<h2><a name="NOTE" id="NOTE"></a>NOTE</h2> + +<div class='just'> + <p>Mr. L. L. Harr's skill in the game of Pung Chow has been acquired + through more than twenty years of intimate contact with the business and + official circles of cultured Chinese in Canton, Shanghai, Tientsin, + Pekin and other centers of China. Mr. Harr has enjoyed more opportunity + to mingle in polite Chinese society than any other European or American + resident I knew in China.</p> + + <p>Mr. Harr, in consequence, was perhaps one of the first foreigners who + learned the game from the best players in China. What is more, Mr. + Harr's unusually keen appreciation and enthusiasm were largely + instrumental in arousing the popularity of this extraordinarily + fascinating Chinese game in the Western Hemisphere. To use a familiar + American phrase, Mr. Harr was unquestionably one of the pioneers who put + "PUNG CHOW" on the map west of Suez.</p> + + <p>Mr. Harr has not only brought the game to America, but has written the + first authoritative book on "Pung Chow," based on the best modern + methods of Chinese play.</p> +</div> +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">J. D. BUSH,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 3em;">Professor of English Literature,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 3em;">Pekin National University,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 3em;">Pekin, China.</span><br /><br/> +<span style="margin-left: 2em;">January, 1923.</span> +</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[Pg 6]</a></span></p> + +<div class='border center'> +<p><a name="PUNG-CHOW" id="PUNG-CHOW"></a></p> + + <div class='figcenter'><img src="images/pung-chow.jpg" alt="PUNG-CHOW"></img> + </div> + + <p class='hidden'>PUNG-CHOW</p> + + <h2 class="smcap">Score Card</h2> + + <p><strong>For Hands Played Without a Limit</strong><br /></p> + + <p><strong>Winning Hand Bonus Scores</strong><br /></p> + + <table summary="" id="table3" width="90%"> + <tr><td align="left">For Mah-Jong</td><td align="right">20 points</td></tr> + <tr><td align="left">For no sequences in hand or on table</td><td align="right">210 points</td></tr> + <tr><td align="left">For no other score than Mah-Jong in hand or on table</td><td align="right">10 points</td></tr> + <tr><td align="left">For winning on a draw from the loose tiles</td><td align="right">10 points</td></tr> + <tr><td align="left">For drawing the winning piece</td><td align="right">2 points</td></tr> + <tr><td align="left">For filling in the only place to win</td><td align="right">2 points</td></tr> + </table> + + <p><strong>Combination Scores</strong><br /></p> + + <table summary="" id="table4" width="90%"> + <tr><td></td><td align="center">On Table<br />(Exposed)</td><td align="center">In Hand<br />(Concealed)</td></tr> + <tr><td align="left">For 3 of a kind of twos, threes, fours, fives, sixes, sevens or eights</td><td align="right">2 points</td><td align="right">4 points</td></tr> + <tr><td align="left">For 3 of a kind of ones, nines, winds or dragons</td><td align="right">4 points</td><td align="right">8 points</td></tr> + <tr><td align="left">For 4 of a kind of twos, threes, fours, fives, sixes, sevens or eights</td><td align="right">8 points</td><td align="right">16 points</td></tr> + <tr><td align="left">For 4 of a kind of ones, nines, winds or dragons</td><td align="right">16 points</td><td align="right">32 points</td></tr> + <tr><td align="left">For a pair of any dragon or the player's own wind</td><td></td><td align="right">2 points</td></tr> + </table> + + <p><strong>Doubling Honors</strong><br /></p> + + <table summary="" id="table5" width="90%"> + <tr><td align="left">For three (or four) green dragons,</td><td align="right">double total score once.</td></tr> + <tr><td align="left">For three (or four) red dragons,</td><td align="right"> double total score once.</td></tr> + <tr><td align="left">For three (or four) white dragons,</td><td align="right">double total score once.</td></tr> + <tr><td align="left">For three (or four) of own wind,</td><td align="right">double total score once.</td></tr> + <tr><td align="left">For having all one suit except honor pieces,</td><td align="right">double total score once.</td></tr> + <tr><td align="left">For all one suit,</td><td align="right">double total score 3 times.</td></tr> + <tr><td align="left">For all honor pieces,</td><td align="right">double total score 3 times.</td></tr> + <tr><td align="left">For winning on original hand as drawn from the wall,</td><td align="right">double total score 3 times.</td></tr> + </table> + + <p>See <a href="#Page_65">page 65</a> for scoring values when hands are played with a limit.</p> +</div> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</a></span></p> + +<h2><a name="INTRODUCTION" id="INTRODUCTION"></a>INTRODUCTION</h2> + +<div class='just'> <!-- this tag justifies text as default from here on!--> + + <p >Out of China has come this stately game with the lure of Oriental + mysticism to whet jaded appetites and with possibilities for study that + challenge the keenest intelligence.</p> + + <p >There is a mysticism about the Oriental and his mode of life that + challenges the imagination and induces a curiosity hard to decipher. The + dress of the Chinese, their strange customs, their difficult language, + and their apparently impenetrable mask-like faces appeal to the fancy + and throw a veil of mystery around even the commonplace.</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</a></span></p> + + <p >The origin of this game is lost in the mist of centuries past. There is, + though, an oral tradition to the effect that it was originated in the + Court of the King of Wu, now known as Ning-Po, during the year of 472 + B.C. to entertain his consort and her court ladies and to help them + while away the time which lay heavily on their hands. This was about the + time of Confucius. It is, however, known to have been the Royal game, + restricted to the use of Emperors and their friends of the Mandarin + class for two thousand years. To them it was known as Pe-Ling + (pronounced Bah-Ling) taking its name from the "bird of a hundred + intelligences," the lark-like creature sacred in the Chinese faith which + now may be seen reproduced on most Chinese tapestries and embroideries. + The penalty paid by one of any other class for playing Pe-Ling at that + time, was the loss of his head. Later—no one knows just when—the + privilege of playing this wonder game was extended to the merchant or + middle classes—and when, some 70 years ago—a social uprising + threatened, one of the concessions granted to calm the unrest was the + universal privilege of playing this game. In this way was caused the + confusion of names for the game which exists even to-day in China; for, + with the abolishing of Pe-Ling, each province applied their own name and + pronunciation to the game, with the result that now we have from twelve + to eighteen different names, by which the game is known. A few of these + are Ma-Cheuk, Mah-Jong, Mah-Juck, Mah-Diao and Mah-Jongg.</p> + + <p >Pung Chow is made to withstand the climatic conditions which soon + destroy the article imported under the name of Mah-Jongg and the other + corruptions of Mah-Diao, and it is the true and original Chinese game + translated by the addition of numerals just enough to be readily + understood and not enough to spoil the artistry of the tiles. The + addition of numerals has been overdone in the marking of many of the + cheaper imported sets, and give the appearance of having had numerals + sprinkled on them regardless of where they may land and permitted to + stay.</p> + + <p>The fundamentals of this game are simple and require only practice to + master. The science of Pung Chow must in the greater part be studied out + by the individual player and one may spend the rest of his life in + attaining to past mastery in its thousand-fold intricacies.</p> + + + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</a></span></p> + + <h2><a name="SUMMARY_OF_THE_GAME" id="SUMMARY_OF_THE_GAME"></a>SUMMARY OF THE GAME</h2> + + + <p>Before going thoroughly into the details of the playing of the game, it + is better to give a general view of the play and its object.</p> + + <p>Pung Chow is played by thoroughly shuffling all of the tiles face down + in the middle of the table, and forming them in a double-tiered, hollow + square, called the wall. This wall is then broken at some point + determined by the dice and each player draws an original hand of 13 + tiles. This leaves about two-thirds of the wall intact, and the rest of + the play is devoted to drawing and discarding from this remainder of the + wall; each player improving and matching his own individual hand until + having arranged it into four sets and a pair, some player wins. A set is + three of a kind, four of a kind or three in a sequence. Every set has a + scoring value, and the players add their scores and settle after every + hand. A player may win with a score as low as 22 points or scores may + run to 380,928 points. These possibilities will unfold as the following + pages on the details of the play are read.</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</a></span></p> + + <div class='figcenter'><img src="images/illustration_1.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 1. The Thirty-four different tiles and counters"></img><br /><br /> + <span class='caption'>Illustration No. 1.<br /> The thirty-four different tiles and the counters</span> + </div> + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</a></span></p> + + <h2><a name="DESCRIPTION_OF_TILES" id="DESCRIPTION_OF_TILES"></a>DESCRIPTION OF TILES</h2> + + <p>The game is played with 136 tiles, which are divided into four distinct + and separate suits. These four suits are called the <i>Bamboo</i>, <i>Dot</i>, + <i>Character</i> and <i>Honor Suits</i>.</p> + + <p>The first three of these suits score equally and are arranged in the + same manner, that is, there are 36 tiles in each, numbering from one to + nine, and there are four tiles of each numeral.</p> + + <p>The fourth suit, known as the honor suit, is divided into three parts: + the <i>Dragons</i>, the <i>Winds</i> and the <i>Mandarins</i>. Of the <i>Dragons</i>, there + are four apiece of three different kinds, the Red, Green and White + Dragons. The <i>Winds</i> are North, South, East and West with four tiles + alike for each. The <i>Mandarins</i> (also called <i>Seasons</i>, and <i>Flowers</i>), + are 8 in number, and as they are only used in limit hands, will be + discussed later.</p> + + <p>From Illustration No. 2 a player will see that there are four of every + different tile in the set, and that there are 34 different tiles.</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</a></span></p> + + <div class='figcenter'><img src="images/illustration_2.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 2—The complete set of tiles"></img> + <br /> + <br /> + <span class='caption'>Illustration No. 2—The complete set of tiles</span> + </div> + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</a></span></p> + + <h2><a name="PROCEDURE_OF_PLAY" id="PROCEDURE_OF_PLAY"></a>PROCEDURE OF PLAY</h2> + + <h3 class='smcap' style="text-align: left;">A. East Wind.</h3> + + <p>Position of the players for the first game is determined by a throw of + the dice; all players throw once, the one throwing the highest number + becoming first <i>East Wind</i>. In the event of a tie, players tieing throw + again. The player sitting opposite <i>East Wind</i> will be known as <i>West + Wind</i>, to the right of <i>East Wind</i> as <i>South Wind</i>, and <ins class = "mycorr" + title = "original has 'the the'"><a name="corr1" id="corr1">the</a></ins> left of + <i>East Wind</i>, as <i>North Wind</i>. The dice need only be thrown to determine + <i>East Wind</i> for the first game of an evening's play, for if the player + representing <i>East Wind</i> wins, or if the game is a draw, he remains + <i>East Wind</i>. If he loses, the player to his right becomes <i>East Wind</i>, + he in turn becoming <i>North Wind</i>.</p> + + <p><i>East Wind</i> is sometimes called <i>Banker</i>, for he must pay double stakes + when he loses, and wins double stakes when he wins.</p> + + <div class='figcenter'><img src="images/illustration_3.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 3. Positions of Winds about Table."></img> <br /> + <br /> + <span class='caption'>Illustration No. 3. Positions of Winds about Table.</span> + </div> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[Pg 14]</a></span></p><h3 class='smcap left'>B. Building and Breaking the Wall.</h3> + + <p>Before building the wall the tiles must all be turned face down on the + table and thoroughly shuffled. Then each player proceeds to build one + side of the wall by taking 34 of the tiles at random, and arranging them + side by side in a row 17 tiles long and 2 tiers high.</p> + + <div class='figcenter'><img src="images/illustration_4.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 4."></img> + <br /> + <br /> + <span class='caption'>Illustration No. 4.</span> + </div> + + <p>Each player then moves his side of the wall forward, the four sides + forming a hollow square. This represents a Chinese wall or fort common + in the protection of cities.</p> + + <div class='figcenter'><img src="images/illustration_5.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 5."></img> + <br /> + <br /> + <span class='caption'>Illustration No. 5.</span> + </div> + + <p>To find the point at which the wall is to be broken, <i>East Wind</i> always + throws the dice. The number thrown will indicate the player who is to + break the wall. The player is found by <i>East Wind</i> counting around the + table to the right, starting with himself as "one," until he reaches the + number thrown which will designate the player to break the wall.</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</a></span></p> + + <div class='figcenter'><img src="images/illustration_6.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 6."></img> + <br /> + <br /> + <span class='caption'>Illustration No. 6.</span> + </div> + + <p>In this illustration, if <i>East Wind</i> threw a "7," starting with himself + as one, <i>South</i> would be 2, <i>West</i> 3, <i>North</i> 4, <i>East</i> 5, <i>South</i> 6, + and <i>West</i> 7, designating <i>West</i> as the player to break the wall.</p> + + <p>The player who has been designated to break the wall then throws the + dice to determine the exact tile at which he shall break the wall, + adding this throw to <i>East Wind</i>. This sum will indicate the tile at + which the wall is to be broken, the player to break the wall counting + the sum off from the right end of his own side, i.e., if 14 <a name="corr2" id="corr2"> + <ins class = "mycorr" title = "original has 'in'">is</ins></a> the sum + of the two throws, the wall will be broken by lifting out the 14th tile + from the right with the one under it and placing both on the top of the + wall to the right of where it was broken. These two are called loose + tiles and they mark the end of the wall.</p> + + <div class='figcenter'><img src="images/illustration_7.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 7."></img> + <br /> + <br /> + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[Pg 16]</a></span></p> + <div class='caption'>Illustration No. 7. + <div class='just'> + <i>East Wind</i> threw "7" indicating <i>West Wind</i> as the wall-breaker. <i>West Wind</i> + then threw "7" designating the 14th tile from the right end of his side of the wall, as the exact + spot where the wall was to be broken. The loose tiles are shown in correct position. + </div> + </div> + </div> + + <h3 class='smcap left'>C. Drawing the Original Hand:</h3> + + <p>Each player then draws the 13 tiles which go to make up his original + hand. <i>East Wind</i> starts the drawing by taking the first four tiles (2 + blocks of 2 each) at the beginning of the wall, the player on his right + the next four and so on around the table three times which will give + each player 12 tiles. Then one tile apiece is drawn in regular order + giving every player 13 tiles, except <i>East Wind</i> who draws an extra tile + as he must make the first discard.</p> + + <h3 class='smcap left'>D. Playing the Hand:</h3> + + <div class='figcenter'><img src="images/illustration_8.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 8. The wall—after the original hands have been drawn."></img> + <br /> + <br /> + <span class='caption'>Illustration No. 8.<br />The wall—after the original hands have been drawn.</span> + </div> + + <p>Wall showing draw.</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[Pg 17]</a></span></p> + + <p>Each player then takes his original hand and arranges it to suit his own + convenience. It is advised, however, that he arrange it in suits in + order to see at a glance, the value of any one tile to his hand in the + drawing and discarding of which the rest of the game consists.</p> + + <p>When the hands have been arranged, <i>East Wind</i> starts the play by + discarding any tile in his hand, face up in the center of the table. It + is because of this first discard that he drew an extra tile. The play + then goes to the right, it becoming the turn of <i>South Wind</i> to draw the + next tile in the wall and discard any one he may choose. <i>West Wind</i> + then draws and discards and so on around the table, constantly in a + counter-clockwise direction.</p> + + <p>The players during this drawing and discarding are gradually improving + their hands, and matching them into four sets and an extra tile, a set + being <i>three of a kind</i>, <i>four of a kind</i>, or <i>three in a sequence</i>.</p> + + <div class='figcenter'><img src="images/illustration_9.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 9. Examples of Three of a kind, Four of a kind, Three in sequence"></img><br /><br /> + <span class='caption'> + Illustration No. 9.<br />Examples of<br /> + Three of a kind + Four of a kind Three in sequence + </span> + </div> + + <p>When a player accomplishes this, he must only match the extra tile + forming a <i>pair</i> and thus, completing his hand, having four complete + sets and a pair. He announces "<i>Mah-Jongg</i>" wins, the game is over, the + scores are settled and the wall built up for the next game.</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[Pg 18]</a></span></p> + + <div class='figcenter'><img src="images/illustration_10.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 10. Several completed hands"></img> + <br /> + <br /> + <span class='caption'>Illustration No. 10.<br />Several completed hands</span> + </div> + + <p>As completing a hand entirely by draw from the wall would be a + difficult task, the players are permitted to make use of any discard, + <i>as it is discarded</i>, provided they have the required tiles already in + their hand as explained below in "<i>Chow</i>" and "<i>Pung</i>."</p> + + <h3 class='smcap left'>E. To Chow:</h3> + + <p>A player having two tiles in his hand which, together with the tile just + discarded by the player before him (to his left), would form a sequence + or run of three, may by announcing "<i>Chow</i>" pick up the discard, add it + to the two in his hand, and place the three in sequence face up on the + table to the right of his hand. This appropriating the discard serves as + the player's draw and he must then discard and the play goes on in the + usual manner.</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[Pg 19]</a></span></p> + + <p>For example: If one has a 5-6 of <i>character</i> and the player preceding + him discards either a 4 or a 7 of <i>character</i>, he may "<i>Chow</i>" the tile, + and discard; or ignore it and draw from the wall and discard, in hopes + of building a better hand, as often will be found advisable.</p> + + <p>The main point to be remembered in "<i>Chowing</i>" is that a player may + "<i>Chow</i>" <i>only in his regular turn</i>, i.e., he may "<i>Chow</i>" only tiles + discarded by the player to his left and then <i>only when he has the other + two tiles in his hand</i> to form the sequence. Sequences can only be built + up in sets of three.</p> + + <div class='figcenter'><img src="images/illustration_11_2.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 11."></img> + <br /> + <br /> + <div class='caption'>Illustration No. 11.<br /> + <div class='just'> + In this illustration the player having a 4 and 6 of character in his hand has "<i>chowed</i>" + the 5 character which the player to his left discarded and after setting out his + sequence, discards himself, leaving the usual 13 tiles in his hand. + </div> + </div> + </div> + + <h3 class='smcap left'>F. To Pung:</h3> + + <p>A player may also appropriate another player's discard to fill a set of + three of a kind or four of a kind by announcing "<i>Pung</i>." In order to do + this, the player must have <i>a pair</i>, or <i>three of a kind in his hand</i> to + match with the discard, thus completing three or four of a kind, which + he places, as in the case of a "<i>Chow</i>," to the right of his hand, face + up on the table. For example: A player having a pair or three fives of + the character suit, may <i>pung</i> when another player discards a five + character, expose his set and discard, the play going on in the regular + direction from him.</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[Pg 20]</a></span></p> + + <p>It is not necessary for it to be the player's turn to draw in order to + "<i>Pung</i>" as it is in the case of a "<i>Chow</i>." A player having a pair + similar to a tile discarded, may announce "<i>Pung</i>" and appropriate the + tile, <i>regardless of who discarded it and of whose turn it is to draw</i>. + Also after a player "<i>Pungs</i>" and discards, the play goes on from him to + the right. It can be seen that due to <i>punging</i> one or even two players + are liable to lose their turn.</p> + + <div class='figcenter'><img src="images/illustration_12_3.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 12."></img> + <br /> + <br /> + <div class='caption'>Illustration No. 12.<br /> + <div class='just'> + In this illustration, <i>East</i> played in regular turn and <i>South</i> drew the 9 <i>character</i>, + which, having no use for, he discarded. <i>East</i> having a pair of nines <i>character</i> in his hand + "<i>Punged</i>," completing the set and causing <i>West</i> and <i>North Winds</i> to lose their turns. + <i>East</i> then exposed his set of nines next to the sequence of three he had previously <i>chowed</i> + and exposed, discarded and play went on in the usual routine, <i>North</i> drawing and discarding. + </div> + </div> + </div> + + <p>There are a few rules applying to the "<i>Chow</i>" and "<i>Pung</i>." They are as + follows:</p> + + <p>1. All tiles must be "<i>punged</i>" or "<i>chowed</i>" <i>as they are discarded</i>; + for a tile discarded by a player and allowed to remain in discard until + the next player discards, becomes "dead" and <i>cannot be</i> touched during + the rest of the game.</p> + + <p>2. It has been stated that one cannot "<i>pung</i>" unless it makes up three + or four of a kind. This is true with one exception. In the case: when a + tile will complete a player's hand allowing him to "<i>Mah-Jongg</i>," the + tile may be punged. Example: A player with four sets and an odd tile may + <i>pung</i> a tile which matches his odd one. The rule is that "<i>a player may + at any time 'Pung' a discard which will complete his hand and allow him + to Mah-Jongg</i>."</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[Pg 21]</a></span></p> + + <p>3. The denomination and suit of each tile must be announced as it is + discarded, a player discarding a 3 of <i>character</i>, announcing <i>3 + character</i>, to prevent confusion of a player who may be studying his + hand. This is more of a courtesy of the game, than a rule.</p> + + <p>4. A "<i>Pung</i>" has precedence over a "<i>Chow</i>" and if one player can pung + the same discard that another player can chow, the former has the right + to appropriate the tile.</p> + + <p>5. If a player can pung a discard which will complete his <i>hand</i> and + another player can pung the same discard to complete a <i>set</i>, the former + has the right to take the discard.</p> + + <p>6. If two players pung the same tile to complete their hands, the + precedence is given to the player claiming the tile nearest to the + discarder in a counter-clockwise direction around the table.</p> + + + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[Pg 22]</a></span></p> + + <h2><a name="FOUR_OF_A_KIND" id="FOUR_OF_A_KIND"></a>FOUR OF A KIND:</h2> + + + <p>Before speaking of "<i>four of a kind</i>," it is better to give the reason + for exposing a set made up of a pair and a punged discard, and make + clear at the same time, what is to be done when three of a kind are + completed by draw.</p> + + <p>A set made up of a pair and a punged discard must be "exposed" by + setting it out face up, on the table to the right of the players' tiles, + first, to show to the other players that he had the required pair, which + gave him the right to appropriate the discard, and secondly, to separate + the set from those completed entirely by draw from the wall. Sets + completed by help of an appropriated (punged) discard, have only + one-half the scoring value of exactly the same sets, completed by draw + from the wall and kept in the hand.</p> + + <p>Thus there are many advantages in drawing the third tile to complete a + set of three of a kind when compared to "punging" the same, for in the + former case, the set has twice as much scoring value, they are kept + concealed in the hand and the opponents can only guess as to how nearly + complete a concealed hand may be. A concealed set is counted as one of + the four sets required to win, just as an exposed set would be, and a + player having a set of three of a kind concealed has very good chances + of filling it and thus forming four of a kind which counts a great deal + higher.</p> + + <p>A player may complete a set of four of a kind either by draw from the + wall or "punging" an opponent's discard, if he has three of a kind + <i>already in his hand</i>. In <i>either</i> case he must place the completed set + on the table to the right of his tiles; all four face up if he "punged" + the fourth, the two end tiles face down if he has "drawn" the fourth.</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[Pg 23]</a></span></p> + <p>The player must immediately draw a "<i>loose tile</i>" (one of the two tiles + on top of, and marking the end of the wall). Usually the one farthest + from the end is taken, the one on the end moved up, and replaced by a + tile from the end of the wall itself.</p> + + <p>The "<i>loose tile</i>" was drawn because every time a player completes a + set of four of a kind, he causes the rest of his hand to be one tile + short. This must be made up every time four of a kind is filled by an + extra tile drawn from the "<i>loose</i>" tiles.</p> + + <div class='figcenter'><img src="images/illustration_13.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 13."></img> + <br /> + <br /> + <div class='caption'>Illustration No. 13.<br /> + <div class='just'> + In this illustration the player had three one dots in his hand when one of the opponents discarded the + fourth one dot. This player "<i>punged</i>" it, matched the four of a kind, exposed them, drew a "loose + tile" and discarded. + </div> + </div> + </div> + + <br /> + + <div class='figcenter'><img src="images/illustration_14.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 14."></img> + <br /> + <br /> + <div class='caption'>Illustration No. 14.<br /> + <div class='just'> + In this illustration the player had three one dots in his hand and <i>drew</i> the fourth in his + regular turn to draw. This set counts in scoring as much as it would in his hand but must be exposed in + order to draw the "loose tile." Therefore the end tiles are turned down to show that in counting the score + that the set is counted as if it were held in the hand. + </div> + </div> + </div> + + <br /> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[Pg 24]</a></span></p> + <div class='figcenter'><img src="images/illustration_15.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 15."></img><br /><br /> + <div class='caption'><a name="errata1" id="errata1"><ins class = "errata" title = + "The concealed One of Circle in illustration 15 should be a One of Bamboo.">Illustration No. 15.</ins></a><br /> + <div class='just'>In this illustration the player has + one set of 3 one dots punged and completed, and is now trying to match + up the rest of his hand. If another player discards a one dot he cannot + touch it and must let it go by. However, if he draws the fourth one dot + himself, he may add it on to his set of 3, draw a loose tile and discard + as usual. As can be seen from the last three illustrations, the rule in + the case of four of a kind is as follows:</div></div></div> + + <p><i>In any set which a player may have exposed on the table there must not + be more than</i> (1) <i>punged tile</i>.</p> + + <p>A player having three of a kind in his hand may <i>pung</i> the fourth when + it is discarded or having three of a kind on the table and drawing the + fourth may add it to his 3 exposed tiles. The rule, however, bars him + from appropriating some one else's discard to make a fourth for an + exposed set of three of a kind because in order to appropriate this + discard he would have to pung it. This he has not the privilege of + doing, because he already must have one "<i>punged</i>" tile in his exposed + set or it wouldn't be exposed.</p> + + + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /> + <h2><a name="MAH-JONGG_OR_MAH-DIAO" id="MAH-JONGG_OR_MAH-DIAO"></a>MAH-JONGG OR MAH-DIAO</h2> + + + <p>As has been mentioned before when a player has matched his hand into + four (4) sets and by a draw or a pung has mated the final pair he wins + and announces "<i>Mah-Jongg</i>" or "<i>Mah-Diao</i>" (Dee-O), either being + correct and in common usage, the latter being the most logical because + of its English translation "mating the pair." A player must at all times + during the game have thirteen (13) tiles, his draw every round + momentarily giving him fourteen (14), his discard leaving him the + thirteen (13). Then for every four of a kind that he fills he should + have an extra tile in his hand on account of the extra loose tile draw.</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[Pg 25]</a></span></p> + <p>Thus one is able at any time during the game to check his hand and + ascertain whether or not he has the correct number of tiles in it. If he + has not sets of four of a kind he should have thirteen tiles in his + hand. If he <i>has</i> one set of four of a kind he should have fourteen + tiles in his hand, two sets of four of kind 15 tiles, and so on.</p> + + <p>If, at any time during the game, a player has an incorrect number of + tiles in his hand, it becomes "dead." He must continue drawing and + discarding, but when the scores are settled his score does not count and + therefore he must pay all players. His only chance lies in endeavoring + to prevent the other players from completing their hands, by holding the + tiles which he believes they need and thus causing a draw game.</p> + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /> + <h2><a name="SETTLING_THE_SCORES" id="SETTLING_THE_SCORES"></a>SETTLING THE SCORES</h2> + + + <p>When the first player to complete his hand calls "<i>Mah-Jongg</i>" the game + is ended, and all players expose their hands and count up their scores. + The winner of the game collects full value of his score from each of the + other players and throwing his hand into the discard is thru for that + game.</p> + + <p>The remaining three players then settle among themselves the + <i>difference</i> of their scores, the high hand of the three collecting the + difference between his score and each of the remaining two players. Then + throwing his hand into the discard, leaves the remaining two to settle + their scores, the highest hand of which collects the difference.</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[Pg 26]</a></span></p> + <p>It must be remembered here that East Wind (or banker) pays or collects + double, if he loses or wins.</p> + + <p>Scores are most conveniently settled by the use of the counters which + are furnished with the sets. These are spotted to denote different + denominations and at the end of every hand the actual scores or + differences in scores are settled between players by the exchange of + these counters. There are several styles of counter sets. The one in + most common usage contains counters valued as follows:</p> + + <table summary="" id="table6" width="50%" style="text-align: center;"> + <tr><td></td><td align="right">Points</td></tr> + <tr><td>1 Gold dot</td><td align="right">1,000</td></tr> + <tr><td>5 Black dots</td><td align="right">500</td></tr> + <tr><td>1 Black dot</td><td align="right">100</td></tr> + <tr><td>10 Red dots</td><td align="right">10</td></tr> + <tr><td>2 Red dots</td><td align="right">2</td></tr> + </table> + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /> + + <h2><a name="SUGGESTIONS_FOR_CAREFUL_PLAYING_OF_HANDS" id="SUGGESTIONS_FOR_CAREFUL_PLAYING_OF_HANDS"></a>SUGGESTIONS FOR CAREFUL PLAYING OF HANDS</h2> + + <p>In a game of this nature where every hand is different from the + preceding one and so much depends on the draw, it is very hard to lay + down any specific rules of how it should be played. There are, however, + a few points which would help if kept in mind during the play. A player + should study his original hand and after the first few draws and + discards form a general plan of what he is going to try and fill in his + hand and decide on how high a score he will have a good chance of + making. This will be decided by:</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[Pg 27]</a></span></p> + + <p>1. The condition of his own hand.</p> + + <p>2. The discards of the other three players.</p> + + <p>If he has an exceptionally strong hand in any one suit he will play for + that suit regardless of the other players. If he has a well-divided + hand, by watching the other players' discards, he will be able to form a + fairly good opinion of what they are doing with their hand.</p> + + <p>After judging his hand, visualizing the sort of hand that he is to try + to fill, he should use his own judgment in drawing and discarding, + constantly watching his own hand for opportunities and his opponents' + discards for disclosures, and upon the slightest suspicion that one of + these opponents is nearing the completion of his hand, should + immediately forego any thoughts of a higher hand himself and seek to + complete his own hand as quickly as possible.</p> + + <p>Summing this up; a player should plan and play to win at all times with + as high a hand as possible, then as the wall grows shorter and the + probability of one of the opponents completing his hand grows larger, + the player should reconsider, and</p> + + <p>1. If he has at that stage an exceptionally good hand which will win + back for him from the other two players that which he loses to the + winner, should go on improving his hand and take the chance of another + player winning.</p> + + <p>2. If he has just an ordinarily good hand he should stop playing to + improve his hand and start to complete it as quickly as possible, i.e., + form sequences and mix suits, in order to win before the other players + and save himself.</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[Pg 28]</a></span></p> + <p>3. If his hand has not improved at all or very little since the + beginning of the game and he has small chance of completing his hand in + any way before some other player does, his only plan is to hold the + tiles which he thinks would help the other players and discard only + those which he is sure they will not pung. These tiles can be + ascertained by carefully searching the discards in the center of the + table and the sets already exposed by the other players. By playing this + way he may be able to cause the game to be a draw.</p> + + <p>There are a few other points which are taken up in the last four layouts + in Part I.</p> + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[Pg 29]</a></span></p> + + <h2><a name="USE_OF_THE_MANDARINS" id="USE_OF_THE_MANDARINS"></a>USE OF THE MANDARINS</h2> + + <h4>(Flowers and Seasons)</h4> + + <p>The <i>Mandarins</i>, also called <i>Flowers</i> and <i>Seasons</i>, are eight in + number, two for each of the four winds. They may be eliminated from the + set and are not usually used in the play, as they add a large element of + chance into the game.</p> + + <p>If they are used, each side of the wall is increased by two tiles, + making each side a double tiered row of 18 tiles side by side.</p> + + <p>Then, if a player draws one of his own <i>wind mandarins</i>, he exposes it + on the table and draws a "loose tile," the <i>mandarin</i> of his own wind + permitting him to double his score once. If then he draws the other + <i>mandarin</i> of his own wind he repeats the above process and may double + his total score again. Where "<i>Seasons</i> and <i>Flowers</i>" are used instead + of <i>mandarins</i> the numbers on them, 1, 2, 3 and 4, represent <i>East, + South, West and North winds</i> respectively. The red numbers are the + "<i>Seasons</i>" and the green numbers are the "<i>Flowers</i>." They are used + exactly as are the <i>mandarins</i>, i.e., One's own "<i>Season</i>" will double + the value of his hand, as <i>will</i> his own "<i>Flower</i>." Both of them will + double the value twice.</p> + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /> + + <h2><a name="SCORE_CARD" id="SCORE_CARD"></a>SCORE CARD</h2> + + <p>It will be seen at a glance that the scoring values are divided into + three parts. First, the bonus scores which only the winner can use; + secondly, the combination scores which all four players can use; finally + the doubling honors which all four players may use, so it is that in + settling the scores the winner starts at the top with twenty (20) points + for "<i>Mah-Jongg</i>" or for winning and goes down the list scoring ten + points, if he has no sequence in his hand and so on thru the bonus + scores, adding to these whatever scores he obtains from combinations in + his hand or on the table and doubling the sum as many times as he has + doubling honors.</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[Pg 30]</a></span></p> + + <p>In the bonus scores for the winning hand only there are six items:</p> + + <p>1. "<i>Mah-Jongg</i>" which gives 20 points for winning the hand.</p> + + <p>2. <i>No sequence in hand or on table.</i> This is a bonus of 10 points given + to a player if he wins without use of sequences.</p> + + <p>3. <i>Drawing the winning piece.</i> This is a bonus of 2 points given to the + winning player if he <i>draws</i> the tile which completes his hand from the + wall. Of course <i>punging</i> the winning tile will forfeit this bonus.</p> + + <p>4. <i>Filling the only place to win.</i> This is a bonus of 2 points given + to a player who fills the only possible place to win, i.e., winning by + matching the pair or drawing the middle tile of a sequence.</p> + + <p>5. <i>Winning on a draw from a loose tile.</i> This of course is a bonus of + ten points given to the winning player if any of his loose tile draws + have been fortunate enough to complete his hand.</p> + + <p>6. <i>No other score than "Mah-Jongg" in hand or on table.</i> This is a + bonus of ten points given to the winning player having only 20 points + for "<i>Mah-Jongg</i>" as his score, and is a hand made up of four sequences + and a pair in which there is no score, a sequence having no scoring + value whatsoever. Of course even drawing the winning piece will forfeit + this bonus as can easily be seen.</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[Pg 31]</a></span></p> + + <p>In the combination scores exposed sets are those on the table; face up + to the right of the player, concealed sets are those which are in his + hand at the time of winning. As will be seen by the score card, + concealed sets having been made up by the player without the assistance + of a pung or chow score twice as much as the same set would if it were + on the table. This together with the fact that sets of ones, nines, + winds or dragons score twice as much as sets of twos, threes, fours, + fives, sixes, sevens and eights should be helpful in memorizing the + score which is essential to the careful playing of each hand.</p> + + <p>As for the doubling honors, each set or combination doubles the total + score once, and if there are five <i>doubling honors</i> in a hand, the total + score should be doubled five times—for example: a player goes + <i>Mah-Jongg</i> or <i>Mah-Diao</i> having 32 points in bonus scores, 18 in + combination scores, making his total score 50. Then if he has five + <i>doubling honors</i> his final score is 1,600 points, i.e., + 50-100-200-400-800-1,600.</p> + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[Pg 32]</a></span></p> + + <h2><a name="EXAMPLE_OF_HANDS_AND_HOW_THEY_ARE_SCORED" id="EXAMPLE_OF_HANDS_AND_HOW_THEY_ARE_SCORED"></a>EXAMPLE OF HANDS AND HOW THEY ARE SCORED</h2> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/example_1.jpg" alt="Example No. 1" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Example No. 1.</span><br /></p> + + <table summary="" id="table7"> + <tr><td class="col1">For Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2">20</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">For Three 2 Dots</td><td class="col2 bb">2</td><td></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">22</td><td class="col3">Total Score</td ></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">No double honors:</td><td class="col2">22</td><td class="col3">Final Score</td></tr> + </table> + + <p>In this hand the player punged the 2 dot which completed his hand, 20 + for <i>Mah-Jongg</i> as the only bonus score he has because: 1. He has + sequences. 2. He did not draw the winning piece. 3. He did not fill the + only place to win. 4. He has other score than <i>Mah-Jongg</i>. 5. He did not + win on a loose tile draw. In combination value, he has only two points + for the set of three 2 dots, the sets of sequences helping complete the + hand, but scoring nothing. There are no doubling honors in the hand so + the final score is 22. This is the lowest winning hand that can be + scored.</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[Pg 33]</a></span></p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/example_2.jpg" alt="Example No. 2" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Example No. 2</span><br /></p> + + <p>Winner chowed the 1 character to complete hand. Score is</p> + + <table summary="" id="table8"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2">20</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">No other scores on hand or on table </td><td class="col2 bb">10</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2"> 30 </td><td class="col3">Total Score</td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">No combination scores or doubling honors</td><td class="col2">30</td><td class="col3">Final Score</td></tr> + </table> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[Pg 34]</a></span></p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/example_3.jpg" alt="Example No. 3" /><br /> + <span class="caption"><a name="errata2" id="errata2"><ins class = "errata" title = "Two points should be scored for a pair of Dragons in Example 3.">Example No. 3</ins></a></span><br /></p> + + <table summary="" id="table9"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg—20</td><td class="col2">20</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">No sequences—10</td><td class="col2">10</td><td > </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Filling only place to win—2</td><td class="col2">2</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Drawing wins p.—2</td><td class="col2 bb">2</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">34</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 ones concealed </td><td class="col2">8</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 threes concealed </td><td class="col2">4</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 fives exposed </td><td class="col2">2</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 fours exposed </td><td class="col2 bb">2</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">50</td><td class="col3">Total Score</td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">No doubling honors: </td><td class="col2">50</td><td class="col3">Final Score </td></tr> + </table> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/example_4.jpg" alt="Example No. 4" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Example No. 4</span><br /></p> + + <table summary="" id="table10"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2">20</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">No sequence</td><td class="col2">10</td><td > </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Drawing winning piece</td><td class="col2 bb">2</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">32</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 sixes (concealed)</td><td class="col2">4</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 twos (exposed)</td><td class="col2">2</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 dragons (exposed)</td><td class="col2">4</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 threes (exposed)</td><td class="col2 bb">2</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">44</td><td class="col3">Total Score</td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for red dragons</td><td class="col2">88</td><td class="col3">Final Score </td></tr> + </table> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[Pg 35]</a></span></p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/example_5.jpg" alt="Example No. 5" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Example No. 5</span><br /></p> + + <table summary="" id="table11"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2">20</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">No sequence</td><td class="col2">10</td><td > </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Drawing winning piece</td><td class="col2">2</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Filling only place to win</td><td class="col2 bb">2</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">34</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 twos (exposed)</td><td class="col2">2</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 nines (exposed)</td><td class="col2">4</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 ones (exposed)</td><td class="col2">4</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 dragons (exposed)</td><td class="col2 bb">4</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">48</td><td class="col3">Total Score</td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for green dragons</td><td class="col2">96</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for all one suit except winds or dragons</td><td class="col2">192</td><td class="col3">Final Score </td></tr> + </table> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/example_6.jpg" alt="Example No. 6" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Example No. 6</span><br /></p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[Pg 36]</a></span></p> + + <table summary="" id="table12"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2">20</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">No sequence</td><td class="col2">10</td><td > </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Drawing winning piece</td><td class="col2">2</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Filling only place to win</td><td class="col2 bb">2</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">34</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">4 nines (concealed)</td><td class="col2">32</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 sevens (exposed)</td><td class="col2">2</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 fours (concealed)</td><td class="col2">4</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 ones (concealed)</td><td class="col2 bb">8</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">80</td><td class="col3">Total Score</td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double three times for all one suit</td><td class="col2">160</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">320</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">640</td><td class="col3">Final Score </td></tr> + </table> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/example_7.jpg" alt="Example No. 7" /><br /> + <span class="caption"><a name="errata3" id="errata3"><ins class = "errata" title = "In Example 7 the three Dragons completed by a pung should be exposed at right with the other three sets.">Example No. 7</ins></a></span><br /></p> + + <table summary="" id="table13"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2">20</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">No sequence</td><td class="col2 bb">10</td><td > </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">30</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">4 dragons (concealed)</td><td class="col2">32</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">4 winds (exposed)</td><td class="col2">16</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 dragons (exposed)</td><td class="col2">4</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 dragons (concealed)</td><td class="col2 bb">8</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">90</td><td class="col3">Total Score</td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double three times for all one suit (honor)</td><td class="col2">180</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">360</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">720</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for red dragons</td><td class="col2">1440</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for white dragons</td><td class="col2">2880</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for green dragons</td><td class="col2">5760</td><td class="col3">Final Score</td></tr> + </table> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[Pg 37]</a></span></p> + + <p>If this hand is held by the East Wind he may double again for having a + set of his own wind, making his score 11,520, and being East Wind, he + collects double from each player when he wins, making his total 23,040 + from each of the other three players or 69,120 in all.</p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/example_8.jpg" alt="Example No. 8" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Example No. 8</span><br /></p> + + <table summary="" id="table14"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2">20</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">No sequence</td><td class="col2 bb">10</td><td > </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">30</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 dragons (exposed)</td><td class="col2">4</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 fours (exposed)</td><td class="col2">2</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 eights (exposed)</td><td class="col2">2</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 dragons (concealed)</td><td class="col2 bb">8</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">46</td><td class="col3">Total Score</td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for white dragons</td><td class="col2">92</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for green dragons</td><td class="col2">184</td><td class="col3">Final Score</td></tr> + </table> + + <p>If player is East Wind, he collects double, or 368 from each player. If + any other wind, he collects 368 from East Wind and 184 from the other + two players.</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[Pg 38]</a></span></p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/example_9.jpg" alt="Example No. 9" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Example No. 9</span><br /></p> + + <table summary="" id="table15"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2">20</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">No sequence</td><td class="col2 bb">10</td><td > </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">30</td><td class="col3">Total Score</td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double three times for all one suit</td><td align="right">60</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">120</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">240</td><td class="col3">Final Score</td></tr> + </table> + + <p>Note: In this hand the player did not even fill the only place to win + as a 6 character would have won also.</p> + + <p>If player is East Wind, he collects 480 from each of the other three + players. If any other wind, he collects 480 from East Wind and 240 from + the other two players.</p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/example_10.jpg" alt="Example No. 10" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Example No. 10</span><br /></p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[Pg 39]</a></span></p> + + <table summary="" id="table16"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2">20</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">No sequence</td><td class="col2">10</td><td > </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Winning on loose tile draw</td><td class="col2">10</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Drawing winning piece</td><td class="col2">2</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Filling only place to win</td><td class="col2 bb">2</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">44</td><td class="col3">Total Score</td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">4 nines (exposed)</td><td class="col2">32</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">4 ones (concealed)</td><td class="col2">16</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">4 dragons (exposed)</td><td class="col2">16</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">4 dragons (exposed)</td><td class="col2 bb">16</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">124</td><td class="col3">Total Score</td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for red dragons</td><td class="col2">248</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for green dragons</td><td class="col2">496</td><td class="col3">Final Score</td></tr> + </table> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/example_11.jpg" alt="Example No. 11" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Example No. 11</span><br /></p> + + <table summary="" id="table17"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2">20</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">No sequence</td><td class="col2">10</td><td > </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Drawing winning piece</td><td class="col2 bb">2</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">32</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 winds (concealed)</td><td class="col2">8</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 dragons (concealed)</td><td class="col2">8</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 twos (concealed)</td><td class="col2">4</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 nines (concealed)</td><td class="col2 bb">8</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">60</td><td class="col3">Total Score</td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for all one suit except winds or dragons</td><td class="col2">120</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for red dragons</td><td class="col2">240</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for own wind</td><td class="col2">480</td><td class="col3">Final Score</td></tr> + </table> + + <p>This illustration assumes player to be North Wind. This player collects + double, or 960, from East Wind and 480 each from South and West Winds.</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[Pg 40]</a></span></p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/example_12.jpg" alt="Example No. 12" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Example No. 12</span><br /></p> + + <table summary="" id="table18"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2 bb">20</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">20</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 fives (exposed)</td><td class="col2">2</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 winds (exposed)</td><td class="col2">4</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">2 dragons</td><td class="col2 bb">2</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">28</td><td class="col3">Total Score</td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for all one suit except winds or dragons</td><td class="col2">56</td><td class="col3">Final Score</td></tr> + </table> + + <p>Note: Two points for pair of red dragons. Dragons and own wind are only + pairs that score, and they are limited to two points.</p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/example_13.jpg" alt="Example No. 13" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Example No. 13</span><br /></p> + + <p class="center bigger">PLAYER IS EAST WIND</p> + <table summary="" id="table19"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2">20</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">No sequence</td><td class="col2 bb">10</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">30</td><td class="col3"><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[Pg 41]</a></span></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 winds (exposed)</td><td class="col2">4</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 ones (exposed)</td><td class="col2">4</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 fours (exposed)</td><td class="col2">2</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 dragons (exposed)</td><td class="col2 bb">8</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">48</td><td class="col3">Total Score</td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for all one suit except winds or dragons</td><td class="col2">96</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for red dragons</td><td class="col2">192</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for own wind</td><td class="col2">384</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Collect double from each player being east wind and winning</td><td class="col2">768</td><td class="col3">Final Score from each player</td></tr> + </table> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/example_14.jpg" alt="Example No. 14" /><br /> + <span class="caption"><a name="errata4" id="errata4"><ins class = "errata" title = "Two points should be scored for a pair of Dragons in Example 14."> + Example No. 14</ins></a></span><br /></p> + <p class="center bigger">PLAYER IS WEST WIND</p> + <table summary="" id="table20"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2">20</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">No sequence</td><td class="col2">10</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Draw winning piece</td><td class="col2 bb">2</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">32</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 winds (concealed)</td><td class="col2">8</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 winds (concealed)</td><td class="col2">8</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">4 winds (concealed)</td><td class="col2">32</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 winds (exposed)</td><td class="col2 bb">4</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">84</td><td class="col3">Total Score</td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double 3 times for all <a name="corr7" id="corr7"><ins class="mycorr" title="'one' missing in original">one</ins></a> suit (honor)</td><td class="col2">168</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">336</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">672</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for own wind</td><td class="col2">1344</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + </table> + + <p>Collects 2688 from East Wind and 1344 apiece from North and South Winds.</p> + + <p class="center"><br /><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[Pg 42]</a></span><span class="bigger">PLAYER IS EAST WIND</span></p> + <p class="figcenter"><img src="images/example_15.jpg" alt="Example No. 15" /><br /> + <span class="caption"><a name="errata5" id="errata5"><ins class = "errata" title = "'Drew to complete hand' should read 'Punged to complete hand.'">Example No. 15</ins></a></span><br /></p> + <table summary="" id="table21"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2">20</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">No sequence</td><td class="col2">10</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Only place to win</td><td class="col2 bb">2</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">32</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">4 ones (concealed)</td><td class="col2">32</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">4 nines (concealed)</td><td class="col2">32</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">4 fours (exposed)</td><td class="col2">8</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">4 sevens (exposed)</td><td class="col2 bb">8</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">112</td><td class="col3">Total Score</td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double 3 times for all one suit</td><td class="col2">224</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">448</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">896</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once because player is East wind and won</td><td class="col2">1792</td><td class="col3">Final Score from each player</td></tr> + </table> + + <p class="center"><br /><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[Pg 43]</a></span><span class="bigger">PLAYER IS EAST WIND</span></p> + <p class="figcenter"><img src="images/example_16_2.jpg" alt="Example No. 16" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Example No. 16</span><br /></p> + + <table summary="" id="table22"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2 bb">20</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">20</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 fours (concealed)</td><td class="col2">4</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 dragons (concealed)</td><td class="col2 bb">8</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">32</td><td class="col3">Total Score</td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double 3 times for winning on</td><td class="col2">64</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Original hand</td><td class="col2">128</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">256</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for red dragons</td><td class="col2">512</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Collects double because is East wind and won</td><td class="col2">1024</td><td class="col3">Final Score from each player</td></tr> + </table> + + <p class="center bigger"><br />PLAYER IS SOUTH WIND</p> + <p class="figcenter"><img src="images/example_17.jpg" alt="Example No. 17" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Example No. 17</span><br /></p> + <table summary="" id="table23"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2">20</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Drawing winning piece</td><td class="col2">2</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Filling only place to win</td><td class="col2 bb">2</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">24</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 ones (concealed)</td><td class="col2">8</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 fours (concealed)</td><td class="col2">4</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">4 winds (concealed)</td><td class="col2">32</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">2 own wind</td><td class="col2 bb">2</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">70</td><td class="col3">Total Score</td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for all one suit except winds or dragons</td><td class="col2">140</td><td class="col3">Final Score</td></tr> + </table> + + <p>Collects double, or 280, from East wind; 140 from North and South + respectively.</p> + + <p class="center"><br /><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[Pg 44]</a></span><span class="bigger">PLAYER IS NORTH WIND</span></p> + <p class="figcenter"><img src="images/example_18.jpg" alt="Example No. 18" /><br /> + <span class="caption"><ins class = "errata" title = "In Example 18 the three Dragons completed by a pung should be exposed at right with the other three sets."> <a name="errata6" id="errata6">Example No. 18</a></ins></span><br /></p> + <table summary="" id="table24"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2">20</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">No sequence</td><td class="col2 bb">10</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">30</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">4 ones (concealed)</td><td class="col2">32</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">4 nines (concealed)</td><td class="col2">16</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">4 nines (concealed)</td><td class="col2">32</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"><a name="errata6a" id="errata6a"><ins class = "errata" title = + "'3 Dragons (concealed) ... 8' should read '3 Dragons (exposed) ... 4.'">3 dragons (concealed)</ins></a></td><td class="col2 bb">8</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">118</td><td class="col3">Total Score</td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for green dragons</td><td class="col2">236</td><td class="col3">Final Score</td></tr> + </table> + + <p>Collects double, or 472, from East wind: 236 from West and South winds + respectively.</p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/example_19.jpg" alt="Example No. 19" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Example No. 19</span><br /></p> + + <p class="center"><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[Pg 45]</a></span><span class="bigger">PLAYER IS WEST WIND</span></p> + + <table summary="" id="table25"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2 bb">20</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">20</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 winds (concealed)</td><td class="col2">8</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">3 dragons (exposed)</td><td class="col2 bb">4</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">32</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for all one suit except winds or dragons</td><td class="col2">64</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for white dragons</td><td class="col2">128</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for own wind</td><td class="col2">256</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + </table> + + <p>Collects 512 from East wind, 256 from North and South, respectively.</p> + + <p class="center bigger">PLAYER IS EAST WIND</p> + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/example_20.jpg" alt="Example No. 20" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Example No. 20</span><br /></p> + + + + <table summary="" id="table26"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2">20</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">No sequence</td><td class="col2">10</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Winning on loose tile draw</td><td class="col2">10</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Drawing winning piece</td><td class="col2">2</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Filling only place to win</td><td class="col2 bb">2</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">44</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">4 dragons (concealed)</td><td class="col2">32</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">4 dragons (concealed)</td><td class="col2">32</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">4 dragons (concealed)</td><td class="col2">32</td><td class="col3"> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">4 winds (concealed)</td><td class="col2 bb">32</td><td class="col3"><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[Pg 46]</a></span></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"> </td><td class="col2">172</td><td class="col3">Total Score</td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double 3 times for all of one suit (honor)</td><td class="col2">344</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">688</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">1376</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for green dragons</td><td class="col2">2752</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for white dragons</td><td class="col2">5504</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for red dragons</td><td class="col2">11008</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once for own wind</td><td class="col2">22016</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Double once because everyone must pay East wind double when he wins</td><td class="col2">44032</td><td class="col3">Final Score</td></tr> + </table> + + <p >East wind collects this amount from each of the other three players, + making a total of 132,096 points that East may win in one hand. This is + the highest hand which is probable. There is a hand composed of sets of + 3 of a kind, similar to this, which, if drawn on the original draw, will + yield more points than this, but it is highly improbable that the hand + will ever actually be drawn by any given player.</p> + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /> + <h2><a name="ILLUSTRATIONS_OF_SCORE_SETTLING" id="ILLUSTRATIONS_OF_SCORE_SETTLING"></a>ILLUSTRATIONS OF SCORE SETTLING</h2> + + + <p>In the four layouts following, the illustrations represent all the hands + together as they are laid down after one of the players wins. They serve + to clear up "settling" of the scores and also bring out important points + in the playing of the hands. In each case the score of the four players + is given in total and practice in the calculating of scores can be + obtained by beginners by scoring these hands and comparing their results + with the given scores.</p> + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/page46.jpg" alt="West Wind 400; South Wind 64; East Wind 608; North Wind 16" /></p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[Pg 47]</a></span></p> + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/page47.jpg" alt="West Wind 400; South Wind 64; East Wind 608; North Wind 16"></img> + <br /><a name="errata8" id="errata8"><ins class = "errata" title = "All Character tiles in hand of West Wind should be Bamboo tiles."> + </ins></a></p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[Pg 48]</a></span></p> + <p>East Wind "Mah-Jongged" with a total score of <a name="errata7" id="errata7"><ins class = "errata" title = "East Wind scores 480 instead of 608; West Wind scores 272 instead of 400.">608</ins></a> points. He collects + double this amount from each of the other three winds because he is East + Wind, and winning, collects double. This makes 1216 from each player or + a total of 3648. He then throws his hand into the discard and the other + three players settle, the high hand collecting the difference between + his hand and the remaining two. In the illustration, West Wind is the + high hand and he collects 336 from South Wind and 484 from North Wind, + the difference between his hand and those of South and North Winds, + respectively. He then discards his hand and leaves the South and North + Winds to settle. They do this by South Wind collecting 48 points from + North; both discard their tiles, and the scores are settled. It might be + best here to analyze the above layout to see how the play went. East + Wind's hand appeared harmless enough because he had most of it + concealed, only exposing two sets. On this account, none of the other + opponents would hesitate about discarding the <a name="errata9" id="errata9"><ins class = "errata" title = "'eight of bamboo' should read 'eight of character.'">eight of bamboo</ins></a> which + allowed him to Mah-Jongg. North and South Winds having poor hands + themselves might have held the <ins class = "errata" title = "'eight of bamboo' should read 'eight of character.'">eight of bamboo</ins> and not have taken a + chance on it "putting him out" if they had been warned how near he was + to winning, for West Wind had an exceptionally fine hand with the best + part of it concealed and he won back from North and South Winds more + than half of his payment to East, the winner.</p> + + <p>North and South Winds fell in a conflict of suits, one of the most + frequent occurrences of the game and one which spoils a great many + otherwise good hands. They were both attempting to complete "all dot" + hands and each has two conflicting pairs, namely, 5 and 6 of dots. + Either of them to win can only have one pair in their hand, and each was + holding the other from any chance of winning.</p> + + <p>When two players play for the same suit, it is best for both to give up + any idea of obtaining all of one suit, and fill in the hand with one or + two sets of winds or dragons. Very often one can get three doubles in + this way when it would be impossible to complete a hand of all one suit.</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[Pg 49]</a></span></p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/page49.jpg" alt="West Wind 2816; South Wind 8; East Wind 4; North Wind 22" /><br /></p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[Pg 50]</a></span></p> + <p>NORTH WIND MAH-JONGGS</p> + + <p>North Wind Mah-Jonggs with 22 points as his total score. He collects 22 + points apiece from <ins class='mycorr' title="Should read 'West'?"><a name="corr10" id="corr10">North</a></ins> Wind and South Wind. East, however, must pay + him double or 44, being banker and losing. This gives North Wind a total + of 88. The other three then settle. West Wind with a total of <a name="errata10" id="errata10"><ins class = "errata" title = "West Wind scores 2562 instead of 2816">2816</ins></a>; + collects the difference between his hand and East Wind's which is 2814, + doubled because he won from East Wind and East Wind must pay double when + he loses. This gives West Wind 5628 from East Wind, and just the + difference in their hands from South Wind which is 2808. Then South Wind + in settling with East Wind collects the difference, 4, double or 8. This + layout demonstrates the point that it is not always necessary to + Mah-Jongg or win, in order to take in the highest number of points. + North Wind "Mah-Jongged" and collected only 88 points, whereas West Wind + collected a total of 8,436 points. What evidently took place in this + hand goes as follows: West Wind was exceptionally fortunate in the draw + and soon had three sets of winds and dragons exposed, or on the table. + The other three players seeing in this a dangerous hand, "ran for + cover," this consisting of gathering all the sequences possible + together, and mixing the suits. By doing this a player can very quickly + complete his hand and win, although his score will be low when he does + win. However, the one who does "Mah-Jongg," no matter how low his score + may be, collects that amount, and escapes any exceptionally high scoring + hands which the other players may hold. In this case it was North Wind + who won out and avoided paying many points to West Wind by doing so.</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[Pg 51]</a></span></p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/page51.jpg" alt="West Wind 64; South Wind 10; East Wind 56; North Wind 416" /><br /></p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[Pg 52]</a></span></p> + <p>NORTH WIND MAH-JONGGS</p> + + <p>In the above layout, North Wind winning, scores 416; West Wind 64; + South Wind 10, and East Wind 56; North Wind then takes 832 from East + Wind, and 416 from West and South Winds. West Wind collects 54 from + South Wind and 16 from East Wind; East Wind then collects 46 doubled or + 92 from South Wind.</p> + + <p>In this game both North and West Winds played for all dot hands; North + Wind foreseeing this early in the game filled in his hand with winds and + dragons, in this way winning out over West Wind; East Wind starting with + a pair of green dragons kept them until he had all characters except the + pair. Then came the time for him to decide on whether he would discard + the pair and try to fill an all character hand, or use the dragons. He + decided on the latter because looking at North Wind's exposed tiles he + saw that North Wind was dangerously near to winning. He filled his + dragons and attempted to win as quickly as possible, almost succeeding + and needing only one tile to complete his hand.</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[Pg 53]</a></span></p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /> <a name="errata11" id="errata11"></a><img src="images/page53.jpg" alt="West Wind 64; South Wind 48; East Wind 80; North Wind 152" /><br /></p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[Pg 54]</a></span></p> + <p>NORTH WIND MAH-JONGGS</p> + + <p>North Wind "Mah-Jongged," collects <a name="errata12" id="errata12"><ins class = "errata" title = "Read '368' instead of '304,' and '184' instead of '152.'">304 from East and 152</ins></a> from West and + South respectively. Then—East Wind collects 16 doubled or 32 from West + and 32 doubled or 64 from South. West Wind wins 16 from South who is the + loser all around. East Wind's difficulty above was that he decided on + all bamboo hand at the start of the game without having a sufficient + number of pairs in that suit. The result was that by the time that he + <i>drew</i> the pairs and was ready to pung discards the other players had + already discarded a number of tiles which he needed in his hand. They + were then dead. The result of all this can be seen in his hand above; he + has still two pairs and a sequence to fill and the particular tiles + needed to do this (the 4, 5 and 8 of bamboo) have probably all been + discarded early in the game by the other players. The point thus + illustrated being: It is not advisable to attempt the completing of a + suit which all the other players are discarding unless sufficient pairs + are held from the start to withstand their attacks.</p> + + + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /> + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[Pg 55]</a></span></p> + <h2><a name="PART_TWO" id="PART_TWO"></a>PART TWO</h2> + <hr style="width: 45%;" /> + <h2>PLAYING WITH A LIMIT</h2> + + + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /> + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[Pg 56]</a></span></p> + <h2><a name="PLAYING_WITH_A_LIMIT" id="PLAYING_WITH_A_LIMIT"></a>PLAYING WITH A LIMIT</h2> + + + <p>Pung-Chow, as it has been described in the foregoing pages, represents + the game as it is played with unlimited hands, that is where no limits + are set on the number of points permissible in the score of a hand. It + is impractical, however, to play with unlimited hands in a game where a + stake has been set due to the inconsistencies of the winning hand + scores; one <i>may</i> win with a hand of 200,000 points, whereas the + ordinary or average winning hand numbers approximately only 500 to + 1,000.</p> + + <p>On this account the Chinese use a lower scoring system and set limits on + the hands whenever placing stakes on the game, with a view of limiting + losses between all players.</p> + + <p>This setting of a limit changes the game considerably, for while the + procedure of the play is similar to that of the unlimited hand, the + scoring is almost totally different and the actual playing of the hand + is changed.</p> + + <p>A player in a limited hand gains nothing by completing a hand scoring + high in the thousands when held down to the limit which is comparatively + low. This changes entirely the playing of hands, making each player's + object no longer to score as high a hand as possible and win, but to + score as closely to the limit as possible and win, which in practice + amounts to completing the hand as quickly as possible, mixing sequences + and sets of all suits and taking all good scoring sets as they come, + planning for none.</p> + + <p>It can be seen that there is a larger element of fortune or "luck" in + this method of playing than there is in playing the unlimited hand, + though in either case the best player will win consistently.</p> + + + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /> + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[Pg 57]</a></span></p> + <h2><a name="THE_PROCEDURE_OF_PLAY" id="THE_PROCEDURE_OF_PLAY"></a>THE PROCEDURE OF PLAY</h2> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/page57_winds.jpg" alt="Indicators; Wind Box" /><br /></p> + + <p>In playing this sort of a game the wind indicators in their container, + the Cheung Huen or wind box, are always used, and their use changes the + method of commencing the game.</p> + + <p>To start the game when using the wind markers the seats are + preliminarily chosen and any one of the four players throws the two dice + once, the result of this throw deciding which player is to throw again + for playing position. Counting of players being done in a + counter-clockwise direction as previously explained.</p> + + <p>The players thus designated will shuffle the wind indicators thoroughly + face downward and places any one of them still face downward on top of + wind box. He then arranges the whole lot in a perpendicular straight + line in front of them all face downward, placing the box with the wind + indicator still on top of it in any order he pleases. (See Illustration + No. 1.)</p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/no1.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 1" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Illustration No. 1</span><br /></p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">[Pg 58]</a></span></p> + <p>In this illustration, C first threw the dice; the number was seven, + deciding A as the player who was to throw again for playing position or + seat. A has shuffled the markers and arranged them perpendicularly in + front of him, placing the wind box in second position. He had the + privilege of placing it in 1st, 3rd or 4th position if he had chosen. He + then throws with the dice, an 8; this designates D as the player to take + the first indicator; A the second (also the wind box), B the third, and + C the fourth.</p> + + <p>He then throws the two dice and the number thrown will decide which + player is to pick up the indicator farthest from him (or the first + indicator in the accompanying illustration) counting in the usual manner + one player at a time in counter-clockwise direction, starting with + himself as 1. The player indicated will pick up the first indicator, the + player on his right the second indicator, the player opposite the third + and the player to his left the east.</p> + + <p>The wind box goes to the player picking up the indicator on top of it + who then places it in front of him to mark the seat of East Wind. The + players then look at their indicators; the one drawing the East Wind + indicator becomes East Wind, and occupies the seat marked by the wind + box. The remaining three players seat themselves about the table + according to their draw or wind marker, i.e., draw of West Wind + indicator opposite to East, North Wind to the left and South Wind to the + right of him (East).</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[Pg 59]</a></span></p> + + <p>East Wind now takes charge of the wind box and the four indicators which + are placed in the wind box face up with East Wind on top. The East Wind + player retains the box until he loses a hand. When this occurs the box + goes to the right to the player who was South, but now becomes East + Wind. The East Wind indicator, however, still remaining on top as this + designates that the East Wind round is being played. The East Wind round + is over as soon as the fourth player to be East Wind in turn loses. He + is the one to take charge of the East Wind indicator and placing the + South Wind indicator on top to indicate the South Wind round, hands the + box to the original East Wind who now becomes the first East Wind of the + South Wind round. It will now be seen that four games make up a round + and four rounds make up a set. In every case the new wind-round must + commence from the original East Wind player and the box is for the + purpose of indicating which round of the wind is being played and who is + the East Wind in that particular hand.</p> + + <p>It should be decided before starting how many sets are to be played. + Chinese players generally play from 4 to 8 sets in an evening.</p> + + <p>The seats having been chosen and winds positioned, the procedure of play + continues exactly as has been described before. The wall is broken and + the tiles drawn in the same manner, "Chowing," "Punging" and filling + four of a kind are processes gone about in the same manner as they are + in the other type of game.</p> + + <p>Mah-Jongg also is attained in the same way, i.e., completing four sets + and a pair.</p> + + <p>Almost the entire difference in the two ways of playing the game is + found in the scoring.</p> + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_60" id="Page_60">[Pg 60]</a></span></p> + <p>In the scoring many new combinations have been added, scoring values + have been changed, and special bonuses, limit hands and new doubling + honors have been introduced which must now be taken, one at a time, and + explained in detail. The most important change is that <i>the last 14 + tiles in the wall are never drawn and the game</i> ends and is a draw if it + reaches this point without conclusion.</p> + + <p>Loose tiles may be drawn of course during the play, but even a loose + tile cannot be drawn if there are only 14 tiles left in the wall + including the loose tiles. These last 14 tiles are usually separated a + little from the rest of the wall to indicate the end.</p> + + <h3 class="smcap left">The Limit Hand.</h3> + + <p>To keep the hands down to a reasonable amount when players are playing + for stakes, the system of setting a limit as to the number of points + that can be scored in a hand. This is usually 300 points; in games + giving a bonus of 10 points for Mah-Jongg, and 400 in games giving a + bonus of 20 points for Mah-Jongg. East Wind of course is liable for + double the limit and at the same time may win as high as double the + limit from each player. To non-winners settling their scores, settle the + difference in the score up to the limit if neither is East Wind, and up + to double the limit if either is East Wind.</p> + + <p>The limit is of course entirely optional, and may be set by the players + at the beginning of the play. A limit of 600 points between players + seems the most popular at present in America.</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">[Pg 61]</a></span></p> + <h3 class="smcap left">Washing the Tiles.</h3> + + <p>It is necessary before going into "Washing the Tiles" to explain the + meaning of "Heads." A Head is a one, nine, wind or a dragon, and a hand + containing 9 or more different "Heads" on the original hand drawn from + the wall entitles the player to "Wash Tiles." He calls out "no play" and + exposes his hand, collecting according to the following table:</p> + + <p>From each player</p> + <table summary="" id="table27"> + <tr><td class="left-in"> 9 Heads</td><td class="right">50 points</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left-in">10 Heads</td><td class="right">70 points</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left-in">11 Heads</td><td class="right">100 points</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left-in">12 Heads</td><td class="right">150 points</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left-in">13 Heads</td><td class="right">200 points</td></tr> + </table> + + <p>When washing the tiles takes place, the tiles must be reshuffled and the + wall built over. East Wind retains the "Cheung" (wind box) and not + collecting double when he "washes tiles" does not have to pay any of the + other players double when they "wash tiles." It must be remembered that + in order to wash the tiles the heads must be different, that the hand + must be the original 13 tiles (14 in case of East Wind) and no drawing + is permitted.</p> + + + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62">[Pg 62]</a></span></p> + <h2><a name="BONUS_SCORES" id="BONUS_SCORES"></a>BONUS SCORES</h2> + + + <p>1. For Mah-Jongg or completing a hand a bonus is given and this is + generally 10 points unless specially agreed upon to be so.</p> + + <p>2. For winning hand of absolutely no scoring value than Mah-Jongg, 10 + points is given as a bonus.</p> + + <p>3. For winning tile drawn by the player himself from the last tile which + may be drawn in the wall doubles the total score once (i.e., the 15th + tile from the end of the wall).</p> + + <p>4. Winning on a draw from a loose tile doubles total score once.</p> + + <p>5. To win on first card played a bonus of half the limit hand is given. + Washing cards have preference over this <ins class='mycorr' title="Should read + 'hand' or 'win'?"><a name="corr11" id="corr11">wind.</a></ins></p> + + <p>6. For completing the hand with the fourth card of an exposed set of + three of a kind—for example, if a player has an exposed set of 3 of a + kind and he draws or pungs the fourth tile, and if this very tile is the + winning tile, he may double the total score once.</p> + + + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /> + <h2><a name="LIMIT_HANDS" id="LIMIT_HANDS"></a>LIMIT HANDS</h2> + + + <p>A player holding a winning hand of any one of the following combinations + receives from each of the players the full amount agreed upon.</p> + + <p>1. A winning hand of single heads one only of each with a pair of heads + different from the rest representing the final pair.</p> + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63">[Pg 63]</a></span></p> + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/no2.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 2" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Illustration No. 2</span><br /></p> + + + <p>2. A winning hand containing <i>sets</i> of heads <i>only</i> with a pair of + <i>heads</i> as the final pair.</p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/no3.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 3" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Illustration No. 3</span><br /></p> + + <p>3. A winning hand of four different sets of winds and any kind of a + final pair. In China this hand is called the four happinesses and + superstition has it that one holding this hand has much good fortune + coming to him having the four happinesses at his door.</p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/no4.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 4" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Illustration No. 4</span><br /></p> + + <p>4. The winning hand of 3 different sets of winds with a pair of the + other winds as the final pair.</p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/no5.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 5" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Illustration No. 5</span><br /></p> + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64">[Pg 64]</a></span></p> + + <p>5. A winning hand made up entirely of sets of four of a kind with any + pair as the final pair.</p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/no6.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 6" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Illustration No. 6</span><br /></p> + + <p>6. East Wind winning on original draw from the wall. This + <ins class='mycorr' title="Should read 'hand' or 'win'?"><a name="corr5" id="corr5">wind</a></ins> + has preference over washing cards. The Chinese consider this hand as a + forecast of misfortunes to come.</p> + + <p>7. A winning hand containing the 3 sets of dragons; red, green and + white. In China these are known as the 3 Doctors of Literature. The + inference of course being that many tiles must be turned away before + these three sets can be made up just as many students in China are + turned away by competitive examinations before the three best scholars + are chosen to pursue their studies at the Royal Court with the title of + Doctors of Literature.</p> + + + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /> + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65">[Pg 65]</a></span></p> + <h2><a name="SCORING_VALUES" id="SCORING_VALUES"></a>SCORING VALUES</h2> + <p class="smcap"> + </p> +<table summary="" id="table28" width="90%"> + <tr><td class="smcap"><a name="FNanchor_A_1" id="FNanchor_A_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_A_1" class="fnanchor">[A]</a>Winning Hand.</td></tr> + <tr><td> </td></tr> + <tr><td colspan="2" class="left">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="right">10 Points</td></tr> + <tr><td colspan="2" class="left">No other score in hand or on table than Mah-Jong</td><td class="right">10 Points</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left"></td><td class="right">On Table</td><td class="right">In Hand</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Of three of a kind of 2 to 8</td><td class="right">2</td><td class="right">6</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Of three of a kind of heads</td><td class="right">4</td><td class="right">10</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Of four of a kind 2 to 8</td><td class="right"> 8</td><td class="right">16</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Of four of a kind of heads</td><td class="right"> 16</td><td class="right">32</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Pair of 2 to 8 punged to complete hand</td><td class="right">0</td><td class="right">2</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Pair of 2 to 8 drawn to complete hand</td><td class="right">0</td><td class="right">4</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Pair of heads punged to complete hand</td><td class="right">0</td><td class="right">4</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Pair of heads drawn to complete hand</td><td class="right">0</td><td class="right">6</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Pair of the player's own wind punged by him in his own wind round to complete hand</td><td class="right">0</td><td class="right">6</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Pair of the player's own wind drawn by him in his own wind round to complete hand</td><td class="right"> 0</td><td class="right">8</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Filling a sequence in the middle on the only open end to complete hand</td><td class="right">By Chow</td><td class="right">2</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Filling a sequence with both ends open by draw to complete hand</td><td class="right">By Draw</td><td class="right">4</td></tr> +</table> + <div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_A_1" id="Footnote_A_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_A_1"><span class="label">[A]</span></a> Count for winning hand only.</p></div> +<table summary="" id="table29" width="90%"> + <tr><td class="center">Other Hands</td><td class="right"> On Table</td><td class="right">In Hand</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Three of a kind of 2 to 8</td><td class="right"> 2</td><td class="right">4</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Three of a kind of heads</td><td class="right"> 4</td><td class="right">8</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Four of a kind 2 to 8</td><td class="right"> 8</td><td class="right">16</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Four of a kind heads</td><td class="right"> 16</td><td class="right">32</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">One pair of a kind any dragon</td><td class="right"> . .</td><td class="right"> 2</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">One pair of own wind</td><td class="right"> . .</td><td class="right">2</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">One pair of wind of the round</td><td class="right"> . .</td><td class="right"> 2</td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">One pair of players own wind in the wind of his own wind round</td><td class="right"> . .</td><td class="right"> 4</td></tr> +</table> + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66">[Pg 66]</a></span></p> + <h2><a name="EXPLANATION_OF_ITEMS_IN_THE_TABLE_OF_SCORING_VALUES" id="EXPLANATION_OF_ITEMS_IN_THE_TABLE_OF_SCORING_VALUES"></a>EXPLANATION OF ITEMS IN THE TABLE OF SCORING VALUES</h2> + + <p>1. Pair of 2-8 punged to complete hand. A player must have four sets and + a pair to win. The above scoring value is given if the pair is from 2 to + 8 and if he pungs one of them to win.</p> + + <p>2. Pair of 2-8 drawn to complete hand. This score is given as above when + the player's extra pair is from 2-8, but he must match the pair by draw.</p> + + <p>3. Pair of heads punged to complete hand. This four points is given when + player pungs to match his final pair.</p> + + <p>4. Pair of heads drawn to complete hand. This six points is given when + player draws and matches his final pair.</p> + + <p>5. Pair of player's own wind punged by him in his own wind round to + complete his hand. This six points is given to a player who "pungs" to + match this final pair when his final pair is his own wind and it is his + own wind round.</p> + + <p>6. Pair of the player's own wind in his own wind round drawn by him to + complete his hand. This is similar to the one above except that the + player draws the tile instead of punging it, thereby getting 8 points + instead of 6 points.</p> + + <p>7. Filling a sequence in the middle or on the only open end to complete + hand. An example would be chowing a 6 character, have a 5 character and + a 7 character, or have <ins class='mycorr' title="Should read 'the 1 and 2.'"> + <a name="corr6" id="corr6">the 2</a></ins> and chowing the 3 (only open end).</p> + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_67" id="Page_67">[Pg 67]</a></span></p> + <p>Filling a sequence with both ends open, by draw to complete hand. An + example would be, having a 7 and 8 of character and drawing a 6 or a 9. + In both this and the above case when the sequence is filled by draw, it + must immediately be set out face up on the table to the right of player, + with the draw tile drawn on top of the other two according to the + illustration.</p> + + + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /> + <h2><a name="DOUBLING_HONOR_SCORES" id="DOUBLING_HONOR_SCORES"></a>DOUBLING HONOR SCORES</h2> + + + <p>1. A set of a player's own wind doubles his total score once.</p> + + <p>2. A set of a player's own wind in his own wind round doubles his total + score twice.</p> + + <p>3. A set of red dragons doubles his total score once.</p> + + <p>4. A set of green dragons doubles his total score once.</p> + + <p>5. A set of white dragons doubles his total score once.</p> + + <p><a name="FNanchor_B_1" id="FNanchor_B_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_B_1" class="fnanchor">[B]</a>6. A hand of all one suit except winds or dragons doubles his total + score once.</p> + + <p><a name="FNanchor_B_2" id="FNanchor_B_2"></a><a href="#Footnote_B_2" class="fnanchor">[B]</a>7. A winning hand having no sequences in it doubles the total score + once. This hand is known as "Tei Tei Woo" (mixed sets or no sequences) + among the Cantonese Chinese.</p> + + <p><a name="FNanchor_B_3" id="FNanchor_B_3"></a><a href="#Footnote_B_3" class="fnanchor">[B]</a>8. A winning hand entirely of one suit, doubles the total score three + times.</p> + + <div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_B_1" id="Footnote_B_1"></a><a name="Footnote_B_2" id="Footnote_B_2"></a><a name="Footnote_B_3" id="Footnote_B_3"></a><a href="#FNanchor_B_1"><span class="label">[B]</span></a><a href="#FNanchor_B_2"></a><a href="#FNanchor_B_3"></a> Count for winning hand only.</p></div> + <hr style="width: 65%;" /> + <h2><a name="PENALTIES" id="PENALTIES"></a>PENALTIES</h2> + + + <p >1. In the event of a player announcing Mah-Jongg when his hand is not + complete, the player making the error must pay to each of the other 3 + players half of the limit. East Wind receiving full limit or paying full + limit as the case may be.</p> + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_68" id="Page_68">[Pg 68]</a></span></p> + + <p>2. The one discarding a tile that permits another player to win must + bear the entire losses of all other players; if the player winning had + any of the following four combinations of tiles exposed at the time of + discarding, <i>unless the discarder himself had two complete doubling + honors and was waiting for the winning tile</i> or <i>was waiting for the + winning tile which would give him more than two doubling honors</i>.</p> + + <p>1. When nine tiles or more of the same suit are exposed and the + discarded tile gives a winning hand on entirely one suit.</p> + + <p>2. When nine heads or more are exposed and the discarded tile gives a + winning hand of entirely heads.</p> + + <p>3. When two sets of dragons are exposed and the discard of the other + kind of dragon gives the third set of dragon in a winning hand.</p> + + <p>4. When three different sets of winds are exposed and the discard of the + other wind gives a winning hand.</p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/no8a.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 8a" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Illustration No. 8a</span><br /></p> + + <p>Example 1. Any player discarding a one or a four of dot would complete + this hand and unless he had two complete doubling honors and was waiting + for the winning card or was waiting for the winning card to complete his + hand, with more than 2 doubling honors, he must pay the winner for all.</p> + + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_69" id="Page_69">[Pg 69]</a></span></p> + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/no8b.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 8b" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Illustration No. 8b</span><br /></p> + + <p>Example 2. Any player discarding a red dragon will permit this player to + win and will be penalized for his recklessness by having to pay all + scores, unless his own hand fulfills the requirements set out in Example + No. 1.</p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/no8c.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 8c" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Illustration No. 8c</span><br /></p> + + <p>Example 3. A player discarding a white dragon is liable to the penalty + above mentioned, unless his own hand fulfills the requirements given + above in No. 1; anyone may discard a one of dot which, though permitting + the player with the above hand to win, would not bring a penalty down + upon the discarder.</p> + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_70" id="Page_70">[Pg 70]</a></span></p> + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/no8d.jpg" alt="Illustration No. 8d" /><br /> + <span class="caption">Illustration No. 8d</span><br /></p> + + <p>Example 4. A player discarding an East Wind would allow this player to + win and would be penalized unless excepted as in the other examples. + Here as in Ex. 3, a discard to the other pair, i.e., a three of bamboo, + would not be penalized.</p> + + <p>NOTE. (a) If a player has no choice in his discard; that is if he + <a name="corr3" id="corr3"><ins class = "mycorr" title = "Original has 'discard'">discards</ins></a> + the winning dot to an all dot hand when he has only dots to discard, he is not penalized.</p> + + <p>(b) When a penalty is imposed, all scores except that of the winning + hand are canceled.</p> + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /> + <h2><a name="EXAMPLE_OF_WINNING_HANDS" id="EXAMPLE_OF_WINNING_HANDS"></a>EXAMPLE OF WINNING HANDS</h2> + + <p>Note: Arrow indicates tile which completed the hand in the following + Examples.</p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/limit_no1.jpg" alt="Limit Example No. 1" /><br /> + <span class="caption">No. 1</span><br /></p> + + <p>Player is East Wind; South Wind round.</p> + <table summary="" id="table30"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2">10</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Three 8 character (concealed)</td><td class="col2">6</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Three 3 bamboo (concealed)</td><td class="col2">6</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Three Heads (1 dot) (concealed)</td><td class="col2">10</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Three 5 character (exposed)</td><td class="col2">2</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Pair of Heads drawn (1 character)</td><td class="col2 bb">6</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">40</td><td class="col3">Total Score</td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">For no sequences double once</td><td class="col2">80</td><td class="col3">Total Score</td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">East Wind collects double if winning double once</td><td class="col2">160</td><td class="col3">From each player</td></tr> + </table> + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_71" id="Page_71">[Pg 71]</a></span></p> + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/limit_no2.jpg" alt="Limit Example No. 2" /><br /> + <span class="caption">No. 2</span><br /></p> + + <p>Player is North Wind in North Wind round.</p> + <table summary="" id="table31"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2">10</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Three of Heads (9 character) (concealed)</td><td class="col2">10</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Three of Heads (North Wind) (concealed)</td><td class="col2">10</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Three Bamboo (concealed)</td><td class="col2">6</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Three of Heads (Red Dragon) (exposed)</td><td class="col2 bb">4</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">40</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">For three red dragons double once</td><td class="col2">80</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1" rowspan="2">For three of own wind in own wind round double twice</td><td class="col2">160</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col2">320</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">For no sequence double once</td><td class="col2">640</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + </table> + + <p>Player would collect 1280 from East Wind and 640 from other two winds. + If his score 640 were over the limit he would collect double the limit + from East and only the limit from South and West respectively.</p> + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_72" id="Page_72">[Pg 72]</a></span></p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/limit_no3.jpg" alt="Limit Example No. 3" /><br /> + <span class="caption">No. 3</span><br /></p> + + <p>North Wind—East Wind round.</p> + + <table summary="" id="table32"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2">10</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Three Heads (red dragon) (exposed)</td><td class="col2">4</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Three 7 character (exposed)</td><td class="col2 bb">2</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2"><a name="errata13"><ins class="errata" title="Should read 16">26</ins></a></td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">For three red dragons double once</td><td class="col2"><ins class="errata" title="Should read 32">52</ins></td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + </table> + + <p>Player collects 104 from East Wind; 52 from South and West.</p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/limit_no4.jpg" alt="Limit Example No. 4" /><br /> + <span class="caption">No. 4</span><br /></p> + + <p>Player is <a name="errata14" id="errata14"><ins class = "errata" title = "Player is East Wind instead of North Wind.">North Wind</ins></a> in East Wind Round.</p> + + <table summary="" id="table33"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2">10</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Three of Heads (red dragons) (exposed)</td><td class="col2">4</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Three of Heads (green dragons) (concealed)</td><td class="col2">10</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Three of Heads (nine bamboo) (concealed)</td><td class="col2">10</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Three of bamboo (concealed)</td><td class="col2">6</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Completing pair of player's own wind in his own wind round by draw</td><td class="col2 bb">8</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">48</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">For <a name="corr4" id="corr4"><ins class = "mycorr" title = "Original has 'bo'">no</ins></a> sequences double once</td><td class="col2">96</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">For three red dragons double once</td><td class="col2">192</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">For three green dragons double once</td><td class="col2">384</td><td class="col3">Final Score</td></tr> + </table> + + <p><ins class='mycorr' title="Should read 'Player collects'?"> + <a name="corr8" id="corr8">Players collect</a></ins> 768 from East; 384 from West and South.</p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/limit_no5.jpg" alt="Limit Example No. 5" /><br /> + <span class="caption">No. 5</span><br /></p> + + <p>Winning hand of "Single Heads." One of the "Limit" Hands, player + collecting double the limit from East and only the limit from the + others.</p> + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_73" id="Page_73">[Pg 73]</a></span></p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/limit_no6.jpg" alt="Limit Example No. 6" /><br /> + <span class="caption">No. 6</span><br /></p> + + <p>Winning hand containing sets of heads only; this is a "Limit Hand," + winner collecting double the limit from East and only the limit from the + other two players.</p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/limit_no7.jpg" alt="Limit Example No. 7" /><br /> + <span class="caption">No. 7</span><br /></p> + + <p>Winning hand containing all three sets of dragons and any other set and + pair. This is a "Limit Hand," winner collecting double from East and the + limit from the other two players. In all limit hand cases, East Wind, if + winner, collects double limit from All players.</p> + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_74" id="Page_74">[Pg 74]</a></span></p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/limit_no8.jpg" alt="Limit Example No. 8" /><br /> + <span class="caption">No. 8</span><br /></p> + + <p>Player is South Wind in South Wind Round.</p> + <table summary="" id="table34"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2">10</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Three Heads (white dragons) (concealed)</td><td class="col2">10</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Three 4 dot (exposed)</td><td class="col2">2</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Three Heads (9 dot) (exposed)</td><td class="col2">4</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Filling sequence in middle by draw to win</td><td class="col2">4</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Pair of own wind in own wind round</td><td class="col2 bb">4</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">34</td><td class="col3">Total Score</td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">For three white dragons double once</td><td class="col2">68</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">For all one suit except winds and dragons double once</td><td class="col2">136</td><td class="col3">Final Score</td></tr> + </table> + + <p><ins class='mycorr' title="Should read 'Player collects'?"> + <a name="corr9" id="corr9">Players collect</a></ins> 272 from East, 136 from North and West.</p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/limit_no9.jpg" alt="Limit Example No. 9" /><br /> + <span class="caption">No. 9</span><br /></p> + + <p>Player is East Wind in South Wind round.</p> + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_75" id="Page_75">[Pg 75]</a></span></p> + <table summary="" id="table35"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2">10</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Three 4 bamboo (exposed)</td><td class="col2">10</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Three 6 bamboo (exposed)</td><td class="col2">2</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Pair of Heads, completed by draw</td><td class="col2 bb">4</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">20</td><td class="col3">Total Score</td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">For all one suit double three times</td><td class="col2">40</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">80</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">160</td><td class="col3">Final Score</td></tr> + </table> + + <p>Double because East Wind collects double when winning 320 from each + player.</p> + + <p class="figcenter"><br /><img src="images/limit_no10.jpg" alt="Limit Example No. 10" /><br /> + <span class="caption">No. 10</span><br /></p> + + <p>Player's West Wind—East Wind round.</p> + <table summary="" id="table36"> + <tr><td class="col1">Mah-Jongg</td><td class="col2">10</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Four Heads (red dragons) (exposed)</td><td class="col2">16</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Three 4 characters (exposed)</td><td class="col2">2</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">Filling a sequence on the only open end</td><td class="col2 bb">4</td><td class="col3"></td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1"></td><td class="col2">32</td><td class="col3">Total Score</td></tr> + <tr><td class="col1">For four red dragons double once</td><td class="col2">64</td><td class="col3">Final Score</td></tr> + </table> + + <p>Player collects 128 from East and 64 from West and South.</p> + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_76" id="Page_76">[Pg 76]</a></span></p> + + <h2><a name="TWO_AND_THREE-HANDED_GAMES" id="TWO_AND_THREE-HANDED_GAMES"></a>TWO AND THREE-HANDED GAMES</h2> + + + <p>Three or even two may play Pung Chow, though the game is essentially a + four-handed affair. It is played by two or three people in exactly the + same way that it is played by four, each player building up his own side + of the wall and then combining to build the fourth side.</p> + + <p>This fourth side is regarded as the dummy wall. In the building and + breaking down of the wall, East Wind acts for the dummy, throwing the + dice for it whenever indicated. The three players then draw their + original hand and ignore the dummy the rest of the game, playing in + regular routine and omitting the dummy's turn of play.</p> + + + <p>When two play alone, each builds two sides of the wall and arrange the + usual wall. Then they throw the dice, East Wind throwing for either of + the two dummies, both draw their original hands and draw and discard + alternately until one wins.</p> + + <p>Of course when two or three play there is less opposition or conflict + and far greater possibilities in the draw than in the four-handed game. + On this account, higher scores are the rule rather than the exception, + making a more exciting and entertaining game but hardly one upon which + stakes could be safely set.</p> + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_77" id="Page_77">[Pg 77]</a></span></p> + + <h2><a name="Table_of_Contents" id="Table_of_Contents"></a>Table of Contents</h2> + <table summary=""> + <tr><td class="center" colspan="2">PART I</td></tr> + <tr><td> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="center" colspan="2">Playing Without a Limit</td></tr> + <tr><td> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Introduction</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_7">7</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Summary of the Game</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_9">9</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Description of Tiles</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_11">11</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Procedure of Play</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_13">13</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left-in">A—East Wind</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_13">13</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left-in">B—Building and Breaking the Wall</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_13">13</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left-in">C—Drawing Original Hand</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_16">16</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left-in">D—Playing the Hand</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_16">16</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left-in">E—To "Chow"</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_18">18</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left-in">F—To "Pung"</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_19">19</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Four of a Kind</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_22">22</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Mah-Jongg or Mah-Diao</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_24">24</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Settling the Scores</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_25">25</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Suggestions for Careful Playing of Hands</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_26">26</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Use of the Mandarins (Flowers and Seasons)</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_29">29</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Score Card</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_29">29</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Examples of Hands and how they are scored</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_32">32</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Illustrations of Score Settling</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_46">46</a></td></tr> + <tr><td> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="center" colspan="2">PART II</td></tr> + <tr><td> </td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Playing with a Limit</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_56">56</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Procedure of Play</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_57">57</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left-in">A—The limit hand</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_60">60</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left-in">B—Washing the tiles</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_61">61</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Bonus Scores</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_62">62</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Limit Hands</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_62">62</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Scoring Values</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_65">65</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Explanation of Scoring Values</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_66">66</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Doubling Honor Scores</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_67">67</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Penalties</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_67">67</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Examples of Winning Hands</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_70">70</a></td></tr> + <tr><td class="left">Two and Three-Handed Games</td><td class="right"><a href="#Page_76">76</a></td></tr> + + </table> + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_78" id="Page_78">[Pg 78]</a></span></p> + + <div class='border'> + <div class='hidden center'> + <p>Pung-Chow</p> + <p><i>The</i> Game <i>of</i> A Hundred Intelligences</p> + </div> + <div class='center'> + <img src="images/advert.jpg" alt="Pung-Chow The Game of a Hundred Intelligences"></img></div> + <div class='advert'> + <p>The game which is rapidly replacing bridge and other card games, as well + as other forms of indoor pastimes.</p> + + <p>Pung Chow is an American product differing from the imported sets only + in the following points:</p> + + <p>It is more pleasing to the eye and the touch.</p> + + <p>The beautiful Oriental colors are fast and cannot rub off, even though + the pieces be scrubbed with soap and water.</p> + + <p>The pieces will not become sticky from the moisture of the hand.</p> + + <p>Pung Chow pieces are not affected by the climate and will never work + loose.</p> + + <p>Should one or more pieces be lost they may be easily and quickly + replaced.</p> + + <p>Pung Chow is an article of beauty and quality and is practically + indestructible.</p> + <br /> + </div> + + <div class="center"> + <p>Manufactured by</p> + <p style="font-size:larger;">PUNG CHOW CO., Inc.</p> + <p>30 Church Street, + New York City</p> + </div> + </div> + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /> + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_79" id="Page_79">[Pg 79]</a></span></p><br /> + <p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_80" id="Page_80">[Pg 80]</a></span></p> + + <h2><a name="ERRATA" id="ERRATA"></a>ERRATA</h2> + + <p><a href="#errata1">Page 24</a>. The concealed One of Circle in illustration 15 should be a One + of Bamboo.</p> + + <p><a href="#errata2">Page 34</a>. Two points should be scored for a pair of Dragons in Example 3.</p> + + <p><a href="#errata3">Page 36</a>. In Example 7 the three Dragons completed by a pung should be + exposed at right with the other three sets.</p> + + <p><a href="#errata4">Page 41</a>. Two points should be scored for a pair of Dragons in Example + 14.</p> + + <p><a href="#errata5">Page 42</a>. At top of page, "Drew to complete hand" should read "Punged to + complete hand."</p> + + <p>Page 44. In <a href="#errata6">Example 18</a> the three Dragons completed by a pung should be + exposed at right with the other three sets. In the <a href="#errata6a">same example</a> "3 Dragons (concealed) ... 8" + should read "3 Dragons (exposed) ... 4."</p> + + <p>Page <a href="#errata7">46 and 47</a>. East Wind scores 480 instead of 608; West Wind scores + 272 instead of 400.</p> + + <p><a href="#errata8">Page 47</a>. All Character tiles in hand of West Wind should be Bamboo + tiles.</p> + + <p><a href="#errata9">Page 48</a>. Lines 19 and 21 "Eight of Bamboo" should read "Eight of + Character."</p> + + <p><a href="#errata10">Page 49</a>. West Wind scores 2562 instead of 2816.</p> + + <p><a href="#errata11">Page 53</a>. In North Wind hand the three Sevens of Circles should be + exposed instead of in hand.</p> + + <p><a href="#errata12">Page 54</a>. Lines 1 and 2. Read "368" instead of "304," and "184" instead + of "152."</p> + + <p>Page 72. <a href="#errata13">Example 3.</a> "26" and "52" should read "16" and "32" + respectively. <a href="#errata14">Example 4.</a> Player is East Wind instead of North Wind.</p> + + <hr style="width: 65%;" /> + <h2><a name="Transcribers_Notes" id="Transcribers_Notes"></a>Transcriber's Notes</h2> + + <p>The Errata page above is transcribed from the original text. As it is not possible to correct + some of these errors without also altering subsequent entries in the scoring + examples, none of the + errors have been corrected in this version of the book.</p> + + <p>Punctuation and capitalization have been normalized, and the following obvious typographical errors + in the original text have been corrected:</p> + + <p><a href="#corr1">Page 13</a>. "South Wind, and the the left of" changed to "South Wind, + and the left of."</p> + + <p><a href="#corr2">Page 15</a>. "if 14 in the sum" changed to "if 14 is the sum."</p> + + <p><a href="#corr7">Page 41</a>. The phrase "Double 3 times for all suit (honor)" changed to "Double 3 + times for all one suit (honor)"</p> + + <p><a href="#corr3">Page 70</a>. "If he discard the winning" changed to "if he discards the winning."</p> + + <p><a href="#corr4">Page 72</a>. "For bo sequences double once" changed to "For no sequences + double once."</p> + + <p>Additionally it is noted that:</p> + + <p><a href="#corr10">Page 50</a>. The phrase "22 points apiece from North" should likely read "22 points apiece from West."</p> + + <p><a href="#corr11">Page 62</a>. The phrase "Washing cards have preference over this wind" + should possibly read either "Washing cards ... this hand" or "Washing cards ... this win."</p> + + <p><a href="#corr5">Page 64</a>. The phrase "this wind has preference" + should possibly read either "this hand has preference," or "this + win has preference."</p> + + <p><a href="#corr6">Page 66</a>. The phrase "the 2 and chowing the 3" + should likely read "the 1 and 2 and chowing the 3."</p> + + <p><a href="#corr8">Page 72</a>. The phrase "Players collect 768 from" + should likely read "Player collects 768 from."</p> + + <p><a href="#corr9">Page 74</a>. The phrase "Players collect 272 from" should likely read "Player collects 272 from."</p> + + <p>There are a number of inconsistencies between the Chapter Headings and the + Table of Contents. These have not been corrected. </p> + <p>In Part II, the numbering of illustrations is non-continuous: there is no + Illustration No. 7 in the original. </p> + +</div> + +<p> </p> +<p> </p> +<hr class="full" /> +<p>***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PUNG CHOW***</p> +<p>******* This file should be named 27318-h.txt or 27318-h.zip *******</p> +<p>This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:<br /> +<a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/2/7/3/1/27318">http://www.gutenberg.org/2/7/3/1/27318</a></p> +<p>Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed.</p> + +<p>Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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