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| author | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-15 02:33:42 -0700 |
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| committer | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-15 02:33:42 -0700 |
| commit | 46aa32e8903661bac3078b220233e06173543ca6 (patch) | |
| tree | 8aa6f66308136f8515d73ac35270cb2d507d3c8b /27050-h | |
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border-bottom: thin solid red;} +ins.mycorr {text-decoration: none; border-bottom: thin dotted red;} + +span.pagenum {position: absolute; font-weight: normal; +font-style: normal; text-indent: 0em;} +span.pagenum.orig {text-align: left; left: 2%; font-size: 88%; +color: #333; background-color: inherit;} +span.pagenum.rpt {text-align: right; right: 2%; font-size: 80%; +color: #999; background-color: inherit;} + +span.pagenum.orig:before {content: "(";} +span.pagenum.orig:after {content: ")";} + + +.mynote {background-color: #DDE; color: #000; +font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 90%;} + +div.mynote {margin: 1em 5%; padding: .5em 1em 1em;} +p.mynote {margin: 1em 5%; padding: 1em;} + +div.endnote {padding: .5em 1em 1em; margin: 1em; border: 3px ridge #A9F; +font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 90%;} +div.endnote table {font-size: inherit;} + +</style> +</head> + +<body> + + +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of De Canibus Britannicis, by John Caius + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: De Canibus Britannicis + Of Englishe Dogges + +Author: John Caius + +Translator: Abraham Fleming + +Release Date: October 26, 2008 [EBook #27050] + +Language: Latin + +Character set encoding: UTF-8 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DE CANIBUS BRITANNICIS *** + + + + +Produced by Louise Hope + + + + + +</pre> + + +<div class = "mynote"> +<p><a name = "start" id = "start">This text</a> contains characters that +require UTF-8 (unicode) file encoding, including a few Greek words:</p> + +<p class = "inset"> +œ (<b>oe</b> ligature)<br> +ẽ ũ (<b>e</b>, <b>u</b> with “tilde”)<br> +<span class = "greek" title = "limos">λοιμός</span>, +<span class = "greek" title = "limos">λιμός</span> +</p> + +<p>If any of these characters do not display properly—in +particular, if a diacritic does not appear directly above its +letter—or if the apostrophes and quotation marks in this paragraph +appear as garbage, you may have an incompatible browser or unavailable +fonts. First, make sure that your browser’s “character set” or “file +encoding” is set to Unicode (UTF-8). You may also need to change the +default font. Transliteration of all Greek is provided by mouse-hover +popups.</p> + +<hr class = "tiny"> + +<p>The e-text consists of two titles: Caius’s original <i>De Canibus +Britannicis</i> and Fleming’s translation <i>Of English Dogges</i>, both +from the 1912 Cambridge edition of <a href = "#text">Caius’s <i>Complete +Works</i></a>. The separate texts are followed by a combined text, +giving the Latin original and the English translation in interlocking +segments. Note that the single large table of the Caius original was +broken into five smaller “Dialls” in the translation.</p> + +<p>Numbers in the right margin show the pagination of the 1912 edition. +Numbers in the left margin were printed in the gutter, parenthesized as +shown; they represent pages (translation) or leaves (Latin) of the +original editions, as used in their respective Indexes.</p> + +<p class = "center"> +<a href = "#contents">Contents</a></p> + +<p class = "center"> +<a href = "#canibus">De Canibus Britannicis</a><br> +<a href = "#dogges">Of English Dogges</a><br> +<a href = "#combined">Combined Texts</a></p> + +<p class = "center"> +<a href = "#endnote">Transcriber’s Notes</a></p> + +</div> + + +<div class = "center"> + +<table summary = "title page"> +<tr><td> +<h1>IOANNIS CAII</h1> + +<h2>BRITANNI</h2> + +<h4 class = "hanging">DE CANIBVS BRITANNICIS, LIBER<br> +VNVS.</h4> + +<h4 class = "hanging">DE RARIORVM ANIMALIVM ET<br> +STIRPIVM HISTORIA, LIBER<br> +VNVS.</h4> + +<h4 class = "hanging">DE LIBRIS PROPRIIS, LIBER VNVS.</h4> + +<p> </p> + +<h5>Iam primum excusi,</h5> + +<p> </p> + +<h3><i>Londini per Gulielmum<br> +Seresium typogra-<br> +phum.</i></h3> + +<h3><i>Anno.</i> 1570.</h3> +</td></tr> +</table> +</div> + +<table class = "contents" summary = "table of contents"> +<tr> +<td class = "center" colspan = "3"> +<a name = "contents" id = "contents"><b>Contents</b></a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2"> +<p><a href = "#canibus"><b>De Canibus Britannicis</b></a></p> +<p><a href = "#lat_intro">Introduction</a></p> +<p class = "inset"> +<a href = "#lat_venat">Venatici</a><br> +<a href = "#lat_aucup">Aucupatorii</a><br> +<a href = "#lat_delic">Delicati</a><br> +<a href = "#lat_rustic">Rustici</a><br> +<a href = "#lat_degen">Degeneres</a></p> +<p><a href = "#lat_table">Table</a></p> +<p><a href = "#lat_names">Nomina</a></p> +<p><a href = "#lat_index">Index</a></p> +</td> +<td style = "width: 10em;"> +<p><a href = "#dogges"><b>Of English Dogges</b></a></p> +<p><a href = "#eng_dedic">Dedication (<i>Latin</i>)</a></p> +<p><a href = "#eng_reader">To the Reader</a></p> +<p><a href = "#trans_intro">Introduction</a></p> +<p class = "inset"> +<a href = "#trans_venat">Hunting Dogs</a><br> +<a href = "#trans_aucup">Fowling Dogs</a><br> +<a href = "#trans_delic">Gentle Dogs</a><br> +<a href = "#trans_rustic">Working Dogs</a><br> +<a href = "#trans_degen">Mongrels</a></p> +<p><a href = "#trans_names">Names</a></p> +<p><a href = "#trans_index">Index</a></p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td style = "width: 4em"> </td> +<td colspan = "2"> +<p><a href = "#combined"><b>Parallel Texts</b></a></p> +<p><a href = "#dual_intro">Introduction</a></p> +<p class = "inset"> +<a href = "#dual_venat">Venatici</a><br> +<a href = "#dual_aucup">Aucupatorii</a><br> +<a href = "#dual_delic">Delicati</a><br> +<a href = "#dual_rustic">Rustici</a><br> +<a href = "#dual_degen">Degeneres</a></p> +<p><a href = "#dual_names">Names</a></p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<div class = "maintext"> +<div class = "latin"> + +<h2><a name = "canibus" id = "canibus">IOANNIS CAII</a></h2> + +<h1 class = "extended">BRITANNI</h1> + +<h5>DE</h5> + +<h3><i>Canibus Britannicis libellus.</i></h3> + + +<h4><a name = "lat_intro" id = "lat_intro"> +<i>Ad Gesnerum.</i></a></h4> + +<p>Scripsimus ad te (charissime Gesnere) superioribus annis variam +historiam de variis quadrupedum, avium, atque piscium formis, variis +herbarum atque fruticum speciebus & figuris. Scripsimus & de +canibus quædam ad te seorsum, quæ in libro tuo de iconibus animalium +ordine secundo mansuetorum quadrupedum, ubi de Canibus Scoticis scribis, +& in fine epistolæ tuæ ad Gulielmum Turnerum de libris a te editis, +inter libros nondum excusos, te editurum polliceris. Sed quia de Canibus +nostris quædam in eo libello mihi videbantur desiderari, editionem +prohibui, & alium promisi. Quamobrem, ut promissis meis starem, +& expectationi tuæ satisfacerem, homini omnis cognitionis cupido, +universitatem generis, differentiam atque usum, mores & ingenium, +veluti +<span class = "pagenum orig">1b</span> +<a name = "lat_page1b" id = "lat_page1b"> </a> +methodo quadam conabor explicare. Dispertiar in tres species, Generosam, +Rusticam, & Degenerem; sic ut de illa primò, de hac postremò, de +rustica, medio loco tibi dicam. Omnes Britannicos vocabo; tum quòd una +Insula Britannia, +<span class = "pagenum rpt">4</span> +ut Anglicos omnes, sic quoque Scoticos omnes complectatur: tum quòd +venatibus magis indulgemus, quia voluptati ex feris & venatione, +propter animalium copiam, atque hominum otium, magis Britanni sumus +dediti, quàm eorum animalium indigi & negotiosi Scoti. +<span class = "sidenote"> +<a name = "lat_venat" id = "lat_venat"> +Ex generosis venaticis.</a></span> +Ergo cum omnis ratio generosæ venationis, vel in persequendis feris, vel +in capiendis avibus finiatur, canum, quibus hæc aguntur, duo genera +sunt: alterum quod feras investiget, alterum quod aves persequatur. +Utraque Latinis uno & communi nomine dici possunt venatica. Sed +Anglis cum aliud esse videatur feras sectari, aliud aves capere, ut +primum venationem, secundum aucupium nominant, ita canum nomina volunt +esse diversa: ut qui feras lacessunt, venatici; qui aves, aucupatorii +dicerentur. Venaticos rursum divido in quinque genera. Aut enim odoratu, +aut visu fatigant feras, aut pernicitate vincunt, aut odoratu & +pernicitate superant, aut dolo capiunt.</p> + +<p><span class = "sidenote"> +Sagax.</span> +Qui odoratu fatigat, & prompta alacritate in venando utitur, & +incredibili ad investigandum sagacitate narium valet: a qua re nos +sagacem hunc appellamus, quem Græci ab investigando ἰχνευτὴν, +à nare ῥινηλάτην dicunt. Huic labra propensa sunt, & aures ad +os usque pendulæ, corporisque +<span class = "pagenum orig">2</span> +<a name = "lat_page2a" id = "lat_page2a"> </a> +media magnitudo. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Leverarius.</span> +Hunc Leverarium vocitabimus, ut universum genus in certas species atque +nomina reducamus: cum alioqui usus aut officii nomine, in unitatem +speciei adigi nullo modo queant. Nam alius leporis, alius vulpis, alius +cervi, alius platycerotis, alius taxi, alius lutræ, alius mustelæ, alius +cuniculi (quem tamen non venamur nisi casse & viverra) tantum odore +gaudet: & in suo quisque genere & desiderio egregius est. Sunt +ex his qui duos, ut vulpem atque leporem, variatis vicibus sequi +student, sed non ea felicitate, qua id quod natura sequi docuit: errant +enim sæpius. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Terrarius.</span> +Sunt qui vulpem atque taxum solum, quos Terrarios vocamus; quod subeant +terræ cuniculos, more viverrarum in venatu cuniculorum, & ita +terrent mordentque vulpem atque taxum, ut vel in terra morsu lacerent, +vel è specu in fugam aut casses cuniculorum ostiis inductas compellant. +Sed hi in sagacium genere minimi sunt. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Sanguinarius.</span> +Qui insequuntur, majores: propenso & hi labro atque aure, nec vivas +tantum uti memorati omnes, sed & +<span class = "pagenum rpt">5</span> +mortuas quoque conspersi sanguinis odore persequuntur. Sive enim vivæ +sauciantur feræ, atque è manibus venatorum elabuntur, sive mortuæ ex +vivario sublatæ sunt (sed profusione sanguinis utræque) isti canes odore +facilè persentiscunt, & subsequuntur. Eam ob causam ex argumento +sanguinarii appellantur. Cum tamen fieri solet ut furum astutia nullo +consperso sanguine abripiatur fera, etiam sicca hominis vestigia +<span class = "pagenum orig">2b</span> +<a name = "lat_page2b" id = "lat_page2b"> </a> +per extentissima spatia nullo errore sequi nôrunt, in quantalibet +multitudine secernere, per abditissima & densissima loca appetere, +& si flumina tranent etiam persequi, cumque ad ulteriorem ripam +perventum est, circuitu quodam qua fugitum est investigare, si primo +statim odore in vestigium furis non inciderint. Sic enim arte inveniunt, +quod fortuna nequeunt, ut rectè videatur ab Æliano scriptum lib. 6. +cap. 59. de animalibus, τὸ ἐνθυμητικὸν καὶ διαλεκτικὸν, καὶ μέντοι καὶ +τὸ αἱρετὸν, hoc est, considerationem, ratiocinationem, atque etiam +participationem seu arbitrium canibus hisce venaticis inesse; nec ante +cessant persequi, quàm sunt fures comprehensi. Eos luce in tenebris +habent heri, nocte producunt, quo alacriores in persequendo sint assueti +tenebris, quibus prædones delectantur maximè. Iidem, cum fures +insequuntur, non ea donantur libertate qua cum feras, nisi in magna +celeritate fugientium furum, sed loro retenti herum ducunt qua velit +ille celeritate, sive pedes sit, sive eques. In confiniis Angliæ atque +Scotiæ propter frequentia pecorum & jumentorum spolia, multus usus +hujus generis canum est, & principio discit pecudem & armentum +persequi, postea furem relicto armento. In hoc genere nullus est +aquaticus naturaliter, nisi eos ita nominare placeat, qui Lutram +insequuntur, qui subinde ripas, subinde aquas frequentant. Non recusant +tamen omnes, aviditate prædæ tranantis flumina, etiam aquis se +committere. Sed hoc desiderii potius est, quàm naturæ. Quod autem ex +<span class = "pagenum orig">3</span> +<a name = "lat_page3a" id = "lat_page3a"> </a> +his aliquas Brachas nostri, Rachas Scoti sua lingua nominant, in causa +sexus est, non genus. Sic enim canes fœminas in venatico genere vocare +solent nostri. Ad postremum, in natura sagacium est, ut alii +pervestigando taceant ante excitatam feram, alii statim ad primum odorem +voce prodant animal, etsi remotum adhuc, & in cubili; & quo +juniores, eo +<span class = "pagenum rpt">6</span> +petulantioris oris & mendacioris sunt. Ætas enim & venandi +assiduitas experientiam in his facit & certitudinem, ut in aliis +omnibus, maximè, cum norint obtemperare domino vel inhibenti vel +animanti. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Agasæus.</span> +Quod visu lacessit, nare nihil agit, sed oculo; oculo vulpem leporemque +persequitur, oculo seligit medio de grege feram, & eam non nisi bene +saginatam & opimam oculo insequitur, oculo perditam requirit, oculo, +si quando in gregem redeat, secernit, cæteris relictis omnibus, +secretamque cursu denuo fatigat ad mortem. Agasæum nostri abs re, quòd +intento sit in feram oculo, vocant. Usus ejus est, in septentrionalibus +Angliæ partibus magis quam meridionalibus; locis planis & +campestribus, quàm dumosis & sylvestribus; equitibus magis quàm +peditibus, quo ad cursum equos incitent (quibus delectantur magis quàm +ipsa præda) assuescantque sepes fossasque inoffensè & intrepidè +transilire & aufugere, quò insessores per necessitates & +pericula salutem fuga sibi quærant, aut hostem insequendo cum velint +cædant. At si quando canis aberraverit, dato signo quàm mox accurrit, +& feram de integro subsequens, clara voce, cursuque celeri ut ante +lacessit. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Leporarius.</span> +Quod pernicitate vincit, +<span class = "pagenum orig">3b</span> +<a name = "lat_page3b" id = "lat_page3b"> </a> +leporarius dicitur, quòd præcipua ejus cura, præcipuusque usus est in +persequendo lepore. Quanquam & in capiendo platycerote, cervo, +dorcade, vulpe, & hoc genus aliis feris, & viribus & +memorata velocitate valent: sed plus minus pro suo quisque desiderio, +& corporis firmitudine aut exilitate. Est enim strigosum genus: in +quo alii majores sunt, alii minores: alii pilo sessili, alii hirto. +Majores majoribus, minores minoribus feris destinamus. Cujus naturam in +venatione, magnam; in hoc, miram deprehendi: quòd (referente Joanne +Froisarto historico lib. hist. suæ 4.) leporarius Richardi secundi +Anglorum regis, qui ante neminem præter regem agnoverat, venientem +Henricum Lancastriæ ducem ad castellum Flinti ut Richardum +comprehenderet, relicto Richardo, Henricum solitis in Richardum +favoribus exceperit; quasi adversitates Richardi futuras intellexerat +& præsentiscerat. Id quod Richardus probe animadvertit, atque ut +præsagium futuri interitus verbis non dissimulavit. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Levinarius seu lorarius.</span> +Quod sagacitate simul & pernicitate potest, & genere, & +compositione corporis medium +<span class = "pagenum rpt">7</span> +est inter sagacem illum & leporarium, & à levitate +appellatur levinarius, à loro (quo ducitur) lorarius. Hic propter +velocitatem & gravius feram urget, & citius capit. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Vertagus.</span> +Quod dolo agit, vertagum nostri dicunt, quòd se, dum prædatur, vertat, +& +<span class = "pagenum orig">4</span> +<a name = "lat_page4a" id = "lat_page4a"> </a> +circumacto corpore, impetu quodam in ipso specus ostio feram opprimit +& intercipit. Is hoc utitur astu. Cum in vivarium cuniculorum venit, +eos non lacessit cursu, non latratu terret, nec ullas inimicitias +ostentat, sed velut amicus aliud agens, taciturna solertia +prætergreditur, observatis diligenter eorum cuniculis. Eò cum +pervenerit, ita se humi componit, ut & adversum ventum semper +habeat, & cuniculum lateat. Sic enim ille revertentis aut exeuntis +cuniculi odorem facilè sentit, & suus cuniculo omnino tollitur, +& prospectu fera fallitur. Ad hunc modum compositus canis, & +prostratus, aut exeuntem cuniculum & imprudentem in ipso specus +ingressu versutè opprimit, aut revertentem excipit, atque ad latentem +herum ore perducit. Minor hic est sagaci illo, strigosior, & +erectiore aure. Corporis figura leporarium spurium diceres, si major +esset. Et quamvis eo minor multò sit, uno tamen die tot potest capere, +quot justum equi onus esse possunt. Dolus enim illi pro virtute est, +& corporis agilitas. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Canis furax.</span> +Huic similis canis furax est, qui jubente hero noctu progreditur, & +sine latratu odore adverse persequens cuniculos, cursu prehendit quot +herus permiserit, & ad heri stationem reportat. Vocant incolæ canem +nocturnum, quòd venetur noctu. Sed hæc de iis qui feras insequuntur.</p> + +<p><span class = "sidenote"> +<a name = "lat_aucup" id = "lat_aucup"> +Ex generosis aucupatoriis.</a></span> +Qui aves, proximum locum habent. Eos Aucupatorios dici ante proposuimus. +Hi ex generosorum numero etiam sunt, & duûm generum. Alii enim per +sicca tantum venantur: +<span class = "pagenum orig">4b</span> +<a name = "lat_page4b" id = "lat_page4b"> </a> +Alii per aquas tantum aves persequuntur. Qui per sicca tantum, aut +libero vestigio & latratu avem investigant & excitant, aut +tacito indicio eandem commonstrant. Primum genus Accipitri servit; +secundum reti. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Hispaniolus.</span> +Peculiaria nomina primum genus non habet, nisi ab ave ad quam venandam +natura est propensius. Qua de causa falconarii hos phasianarios, hos +perdiciarios, vocare solent. Vulgus tamen nostrum communi nomine +Hispaniolos nominat, quasi ex Hispania productum istud genus primo +esset. Omnes maxima ex parte +<span class = "pagenum rpt">8</span> +candidi sunt: & si quas maculas habeant, rubræ sunt, raræ, & +majores. Sunt & ruffi atque nigri, sed perpauci. Est & hodie +novum genus ex Gallia advectum (ut novitatis omnes sumus studiosi) sed +ex toto in albo obfuscatum maculosè, quem Gallicanum vocitamus. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Index.</span> +Secundum genus est, quod tacito pede atque ore avem quærit, & nutum +juvantis heri sequitur, vel promovendo se, vel reducendo, vel in +alterutram partem dextram aut sinistram declinando. Cum avem dico, +Perdicem & Coturnicem intelligo. Cum invenerit, cauto silentio, +suspenso vestigio, & occulto speculatu, humiliando se prorepit, +& cum propè est, procumbit, & pedis indicio locum stationis +avium prodit: unde canem indicem vocare placuit. Loco commonstrato, +auceps exporrectum rete avi inducit. Quo facto, canis ad consuetum heri +indicium seu vocabulum quam mox assurgit, & propinquiori præsentia +aves perturbat, atque ut inexplicabilius irretiantur, facit. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Lepus tympanum pulsat.</span> +Quod artificium in +<span class = "pagenum orig">5</span> +<a name = "lat_page5a" id = "lat_page5a"> </a> +cane, animali domestico, mirum videri non debet, cum & lepus agreste +animal, & saltare, & tympanum anterioribus pedibus numero +pulsare tympanistarum more, & canem dente atque ungue petere, +pedibusque crudeliter cædere, in Anglia visus est omnium admiratione, +anno salutis nostræ 1564. Nec est vanum istud, eoque relatum lubentius, +quòd operæ pretium putarem, nihil prætereundum esse, in quo naturæ +spectanda sit providentia. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Aquaticus seu inquisitor.</span> +Qui per aquas aucupatur propensione naturali accedente mediocri +documento, major his est, & promisso naturaliter hirtus pilo. Ego +tamen ab armis ad posteriores suffragines, caudamque extremam, ad te +(Gesnere) detonsum pinxi, ut usus noster postulat, quo pilis nudus +expeditior sit, & minus per natationes retardetur. Aquaticus à +nostris appellatur, ab aquis quas frequentat sumpta appellatione. Eo aut +aves in aquis aucupamur (& præcipue anates; unde etiam anatarius +dicitur, quod id excellenter facit) aut Scorpione occisas educimus, aut +spicula sagittasve fallente ictu recuperamus, aut amissa requirimus: quo +nomine & canes inquisitores eosdem appellamus. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Anatum fallaciæ.</span> +Quanquam Anas & canem & aucupem quoque egregiè subinde fallat, +tum urinando, tum etiam dolo naturali. Etenim si quis hominum, ubi +incubant aut excludunt, propinquabit, egressæ matres venientibus se +<span class = "pagenum rpt">9</span> +sponte offerunt, & simulata debilitate vel pedum vel alarum, +<span class = "pagenum orig">5b</span> +<a name = "lat_page5b" id = "lat_page5b"> </a> +quasi statim capi possint, egressus fingunt tardiores. Hoc mendacio +sollicitant obvios, & eludunt, quoad profecti longius, à nidis +avocentur; caventque diligenter revertendo, ne indicium loci conversatio +frequens faciat. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Anaticularum providentia.</span> +Nec anaticularum studium segnius ad cavendum. Cum enim visas se +persentiscunt, sub cespitem confugiunt aut carectum, quorum obtectu tam +callidè proteguntur, ut lateant etiam deprehensæ, nisi fraudem canis +odore detegat. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Canis piscator.</span> +Canem piscatorem (de quo scribit Hector Boethus) qui inter saxa pisces +odore perquirit, nullum planè novi inter nostros, neque ex relatione +aliquando audivi, etsi in ea re perscrutanda perdiscendaque diligentior +fuerim inter piscatores & venatores: +<span class = "sidenote"> +Lutra.</span> +nisi Lutram piscem dicas, ut à multis creditur: +<span class = "sidenote"> +Pupinus.</span> +quo modo & Pupinus avis piscis esse dicitur & habetur. Sed qui +perquirit piscem (si quis perquirat) venationisne causa, an famis +faciat, more cæterorum canum, qui per inediam cadaverum morticinam +carnem appetere solent, tum demum ad te scribam, cum de ea re certior +fiam. Interim id scio, Ælianum & Aetium Lutram κύνα ποτάμιον solere +appellare. Intelligo etiam Lutram hoc habere cum cane commune, quòd per +inopiam piscium excursiones in terram faciat, atque agnos laniet, +rursusque ad aquam satur redeat. Sed inter nostros canes is non est. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Phoca.</span> +Phoca etiam inter scopulos atque saxa prædatur piscem, sed in numero +canum nostratium habitus non est, etsi canis marinus à nostris +<span class = "pagenum orig">6</span> +<a name = "lat_page6a" id = "lat_page6a"> </a> +appelletur. +<span class = "sidenote"> +<a name = "lat_delic" id = "lat_delic"> +Ex generosis delicatis, Melitæus seu fotor.</a></span> +Est & aliud genus canum generosorum apud nos, sed extra horum +ordinem, quos Melitæos Callimachus vocat, à Melita insula in freto +Siculo (quæ hodie usu derivante Malta vulgo dicitur, & christiano +milite nobilis existit) unde ortum id genus habuit maximè: atque à +Melita Siculi Pachyni, ut author Strabo est. Perexiguum id est planè, +& fœminarum lusibus ac deliciis tantum expetitum, quibus, quo minus +est, eo gratius est, ut sinu gestent in cubiculis, & manu in +pilentis, genus sanè ad omnia inutile, nisi quòd stomachi dolorem sedat, +applicatum sæpius, aut in sinu ægri gestatum frequentius, caloris +moderatione. Quin & transire quoque morbos ægritudine eorum +intelligitur, plerumque & morte: quasi malo in eos transeunte +caloris similitudine.</p> + +<p><span class = "pagenum rpt">10</span> +<span class = "sidenote"> +<a name = "lat_rustic" id = "lat_rustic"> +Ex rusticis.</a></span> +Generosorum canum genus jam explicui: Nunc rusticum adjicio. +In eo memorabilia duo tantum genera sunt: pecuarium seu pastorale, & +villaticum seu Molossum: alterum ad propellendas injurias ferarum, +alterum adversus insidias hominum utile. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Pastoralis.</span> +Pastorale nostrum mediocre est, quòd illi cum Lupo, naturali pecori +inimico, res non est, cum apud nos nullus est, beneficio optimi +principis Edgari, qui, quò genus universum deleretur, Cambris (apud quos +in magna copia erant) vectigalis nomine in annos imperavit trecentos +lupos. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Lupi nulli in Britannia.</span> +Sunt qui scribunt Ludwallum Cambriæ principem pendisse annuatim Edgaro +regi 3000 luporum tributi nomine, atque ita annis quatuor omnem Cambriam +atque adeo omnem Angliam orbasse lupis. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Edgarus.</span> +Regnavit autem Edgarus circiter annum +<span class = "pagenum orig">6b</span> +<a name = "lat_page6b" id = "lat_page6b"> </a> +Domini 959. A quo tempore non legimus nativum in Anglia visum +lupum: advectum tamen quæstus faciundi causa ex alienis regionibus, ut +spectetur tantum, tanquam animal rarum & incognitum, sæpius vidimus. +Sed ad canem pastoralem. Is ad certam heri jubentis vocem, aut ex pugno +concluso & inflato clariorem sibilum, errantes oves in eum locum +redigit, in quem pastor maximè desiderat; sic ut levi negotio, & +immoto ferè pede, pastor quo velit modo ovibus moderetur, vel ut se +promoveant, vel gradum sistant, pedem referant, vel in hanc illamve +partem se inclinent. Etenim non ut in Gallia & Germania, non ut in +Syria & Tartaria, sic in Anglia quoque oves pastorem sequuntur, sed +contra, pastor oves. Quandoque etiam nullo procurrente aut circumeunte +cane, ad solum ex pugno sibilum sese congregant palantes oves, metu +canis credo, memores unà cum sibilo prodire quoque & canem solere. +Id quod in itinere diligenter sæpius observavimus, ad pastoris sibilum +refrænantes equos, quo videremus rei experimentum. Eodem etiam cane ovem +vel mactandum prehendit, vel sanandum pastor capit, nulla prorsus +læsione.</p> + +<p><span class = "sidenote"> +Villaticus seu Catenarius.</span> +Villaticum vastum genus est & robustum, corpore quidem grave & +parum velox, sed aspectu truculentum, voce terrificum, & quovis +Arcadico (qui tamen ex leonibus creditur provenire) potentius atque +acrius. Quòd villis fideliter custodiendis +<span class = "pagenum orig">7</span> +<a name = "lat_page7a" id = "lat_page7a"> </a> +destinamus, cum metus est à furibus, villaticum appellamus. His quoque +utile id est contra vulpem atque taxum, qui rem +<span class = "pagenum rpt">11</span> +pecuariam faciunt. Valet etiam ad sues agrestes persequendos, domesticos +è frugibus aut arvis abigendos, taurosque capiendos atque retinendos, +cum usus aut venatio postulat, singuli singulos, aut summum duo +singulos, quamvis intractabiles. Est enim acerrimum genus & +violentum, formidabile etiam homini, quem non reformidat. Neque enim ad +arma expavescit; quóque acrius fiat, assuescunt nostri naturam arte +& consuetudine juvare. Etenim ursos, tauros, arctylos, aliaque fera +animalia, præfectis certaminum arctophylacibus, nullo millo, nullo corio +defenses exagitare: sæpe etiam cum homine sude, clava, enseve armato +concertare decent, atque ita ferociores acrioresque reddunt, & +imperterritos faciunt. Vis illis supra fidem, & pertinax mordacitas, +usque adeo ut tres ursum, quatuor vel leonem comprehendant. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Henricus septimus.</span> +Quod videns aliquando (ut fama est) <span class = +"smallcaps">Henricus</span> septimus, Angliæ rex prudentissimus, +quotquot erant suspendi jussit, indignatus ut infimi & ignobilis +generis canes, generoso leoni, & animalium regi violentiam inferant: +memorabili exemplo subditorum, ne quid contra regem gens rebellis +audeat. Haud absimilis etiam historia de eo fertur, quod falconem +quendam suum, à falconariis vehementer laudatum, quòd in aquilam +quid +<span class = "pagenum orig">7b</span> +<a name = "lat_page7b" id = "lat_page7b"> </a> +auderet, quam mox occidi jussit, ob eandem rationem. Hoc genus canis, +etiam catenarium, à catena ligamento, qua ad januas interdiu +detinetur, ne solutum lædat, & tamen latratu terreat, appellatur. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Cicero.</span> +Et quanquam Cicero<a class = "tag" name = "tagAl" id = "tagAl" href = +"#cicero">A</a> pro S. Ross. opinetur, si canes luce latrent, iis +crura suffringantur, nostri tamen homines propter securitatem vitæ atque +rei longe aliter sentiunt. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Fures.</span> +Nam furum apud nos plena sunt omnia, etiam luce, neque infamem mortem +suspendia metuunt. In causa est non curta res solum, sed vestis vitæque +luxus atque fastus etiam, sed petulantia, sed otium & superbia +Salaconum μεγαλοῤῥούντων, qui nihil aliud quàm ut equi insultare solo +& gressus glomerare superbos, quàm gyro breviori flecti, qui nihil +aliud quàm cevere, quàm otiosè mendicando accusata non merente corporis +infirmitate spoliare. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Valentinianus.</span> +Sed his Valentinianus imperator benè prospexit, legibus latis, ut qui +nullo corporis morbo laborantes, corporis infirmitatem desidiosi +ignavique prætexentes, +<span class = "pagenum rpt">12</span> +mendicarent, perpetui colono ei inservirent, qui eorum ignaviam proderet +atque accusaret, ne eorum desidia onerosa populo, odiosave sit exemplo. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Alfredi vigilantia.</span> +Alfredus quoque regno administrando tanta vigilantia justitiaque usus +est, ut si quis per vias publicas incedens, marsupium auro plenum +vesperi perdidisset, manè, atque adeo post mensem unum, integrum & +intactum inveniret, uti Ingulphus Croylandensis in historia refert. +Nostra autem ætate, nihil ferè securum, ne in ædibus quidem, quamvis +accuratè conclusis. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Canis custos.</span> +Custos quoque (Græcis οἰκουρὸς) a +<span class = "pagenum orig">8</span> +<a name = "lat_page8a" id = "lat_page8a"> </a> +custodiendis non solum villis, sed & mercatorum ædibus, & quibus +ampla res est domi, canis iste nominatur. Eam ob rem canes publicæ +alebantur Romæ in Capitolio, ut significent si fures venerint. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Canis laniarius.</span> +Dicitur & Laniarium, quòd eorum usus multus sit laniis agendis & +capiendis bestiis. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Molossicus.</span> +Sed & Molossicum quoque & Molossum latinis dicitur, +à Molossia Epiri regione, ubi hoc genus canes boni & acres +erant. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Mandatarius.</span> +Est ex hoc genere quem Mandatarium ex argumento appellamus: quòd domini +mandato literas aliasve res de loco in locum transferat, vel mellio +inclusas, vel eidem alligatas. Quæ ne intercipiantur, vel pugna, vel +fuga si impar sit, diligenter cavet. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Lunarius.</span> +Est & Lunarium, quòd nihil aliud quàm excubias agit, quàm insomnes +noctes totas protrahit baubando ad lunam, ut Nonii verbo utar. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Aquarius.</span> +Ex quibus grandiores atque graviores, etiam rotæ amplioris circumactu, +aquam ex altis puteis ad usus rusticos hauriunt, quos Aquarios +appellamus ex officio: +<span class = "sidenote"> +Sarcinarius.</span> +& sarctores ærarios vagos manticis ferendis memorabili patientia +levant; à qua re sarcinarios nuncupamus. Præter has villaticorum +qualitates atque usus, hanc unam habent præcipuam, quòd amantes +dominorum sunt, & odium gerant in externos. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Defensor.</span> +Quo fit ut per itinera dominis in præsidio sunt, quos à furibus +defendunt, vivos salvosque conservant: a qua re etiam canes +defensores jure dici possunt. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Canum amor & fides.</span> +At si quando vel multitudine, vel majori vi opprimatur dominus atque +concidat, usu compertum +<span class = "pagenum orig">8b</span> +<a name = "lat_page8b" id = "lat_page8b"> </a> +est, herum non deserere ne mortuum quidem, sed eum ad multos dies per +famis & cœli injuriæ patientiam peramanter observare, & +homicidam, si occasio dabitur, interficere, aut saltem prodere vel +latratu, vel ira, vel hostili insultu, quasi +<span class = "pagenum rpt">13</span> +mortem heri ulturum. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Kingestoune.</span> +Hujus rei exemplo fuit nostra memoria canis cujusdam viatoris, qui +Londino recta Kingestonum, octo regum coronatione percelebre oppidum, +profecturus, cum bonam itineris partem confecisset, latronum insidiis in +Comparco, valli amplo & spatioso, nemoribus obsito, & +latrociniis infami loco, occubuit. Canis item ille Britannus genere, +quem Blondus sua memoria scribit, non longe Parisiis hero à rivali +interempto, & homicidam prodidisse, & ni canis ultionem homicida +deprecatus esset, jugulaturum fuisse. In incendiis quoque in conticinio +seu intempesta nocte incidentibus, eo usque latrant annosi canes, etiam +prohibiti, dum à domesticis excitatis percipiatur focus; & tum sua +sponte cessant à latratu, quod usu compertum est in Britannia. Nec minor +erat fides in eo cane qui domino profundam foveam per venatum incidenti +nunquam abfuit, dum sui unius indicio sublatus is per funem fuit: in +quem, cum oris cavernæ proximus esset, insiliebat canis, tanquam ulnis +amplexurus revertentem herum, impatiens longioris moræ. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Canum ingenia.</span> +Sunt qui focum non patiuntur dissipari, sed prunas in focum pede +removent, prius cogitabundi +<span class = "pagenum orig">9</span> +<a name = "lat_page9a" id = "lat_page9a"> </a> +aspicientes qua ratione id possit à se fieri. Quod si pruna ardentior +fuerit, cinere obruunt, ac dein nare in locum promovent. Sunt quoque qui +noctu villici officium præstant. Cum enim lectum petit herus, & +omnia centum ærei claudunt vectes, æternaque ferri robora, nec custos +absistit limine Janus (ut scribit Virgilius) tum si prodire jubeat herus +canem, is per fundos omnes oberrat, quovis villico diligentior, & si +alienum quid invenerit sive hominem, sive bestiam, abigit, domesticis +relictis animalibus atque servis. Sed quanta in his fidelitas, tanta +varietas in ingeniis. Nam sunt qui ore infræno latrent tantum nullo +morsu; verum hi minus tremendi, quòd timidiores sunt. Canes enim timidi +vehementius latrant, ut est in proverbio. Sunt qui latrent atque +mordeant. Ab his cavendum quidem, quia admonent futuræ injuriæ, sed non +lacessendum, quoniam ira concitantur ad dentem, ipsi etiam natura +acerbiores. Sunt qui sine voce prosiliunt, impetu involant, jugulum +petunt, & crudelius lacerant. Hos formidato, quia ammosiores sunt, +& incautos opprimunt. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Notæ ignaviæ aut audaciæ.</span> +Istis notis +<span class = "pagenum rpt">14</span> +ignavum genus a strenuo, audax a timido discernunt nostri. Etenim ex +malo genere, ne catulum quidem habendum existimant, quòd nullum +necessariis usibus humanis commodiorem canem isto putent. Nam si quis +commemoratos eorum usus ad summas velit revocare, quis hominum clarius +aut tanta vociferatione bestiam vel furem prædicat, quam iste latratu? +quis domitor ferarum potentior? quis famulus +<span class = "pagenum orig">9b</span> +<a name = "lat_page9b" id = "lat_page9b"> </a> +amantior domini? quis fidelior comes? quis custos incorruptior? quis +excubitor vigilantior? quis ultor aut vindex constantior? quis nuncius +expeditior? quis aquarius laboriosior? quis denique sarctor ærarius +gestandis sarcinis tolerantior? Atque hæc quidem de canibus Britannicis +generosis atque rusticis, qui genus suum servant, diximus. +<span class = "sidenote"> +<a name = "lat_degen" id = "lat_degen"> +Ex degeneribus.</a></span> +De degeneribus, & ex horum diverso genere mixtis, quòd nullam +insignem veri generis qualitatem formamque referant, non est quod velim +plura scribere, sed ut inutiles ablegare, nisi quòd vel advenas latratu +excipiant, etiam luce, & eorum adventus domesticos commonefaciant, +<span class = "sidenote"> +Admonitor.</span> +unde canes admonitores appellamus: vel quòd in officio culinario, cum +assandum est, inserviant, & rota minore gradiendo, verua +circumagant, pondereque suo æquabiliter versent, ut ne calo aut lixa +quidem artificiosius; +<span class = "sidenote"> +Versator.</span> +quos hinc canes versatores, seu veruversatores nostrum vulgus nominat: +postremos omnium generum, quæ primo memoravimus. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Tympanista.</span> +Sunt etiam canes nostri degeneres & ad tympanum saltare, & ad +lyræ modos se movere docti, multaque alia erecti pronique facere, quæ à +vagis quæstuosisque heris exequi didicerunt. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Lyciscus.</span> +Lyciscum<a class = "tag" name = "tagBl" id = "tagBl" href = +"#lobster">B</a> nullum istic in Anglia habemus nativum, ut ne lupum +quidem ut est ante comprehensum, nec aliud genus ullum præter Lacænam +& Urcanum: +<span class = "sidenote"> +Lacæna.</span> +illam ex cane & vulpe (quam multam habet Anglia, & domi inter +canes vel animi vel morbi causa sæpè alit) +<span class = "sidenote"> +Urcanus.</span> +hunc ex urso & cane catenario; quos licet inimicos, pruriens tamen +libido sæpè ita hic conjungit, ut alibi solet. Nam cum tigride Hircanos, +cum leone Arcadicos, cum lupo Gallicos commiscuisse +<span class = "pagenum orig">10</span> +<a name = "lat_page10a" id = "lat_page10a"> </a> +legimus. In hominibus quoque quibus ratio est, inimicos animos conciliat +stulta illa res & naturalis, ut Moria loquitur. Est hic urcanus, +sæva bestia, & intractabilis iræ (ut +<span class = "pagenum rpt">15</span> +Gratii poetæ verbis utar) cæteros canes nostros omnes feroci crudelitate +superans, vel aspectus torvitate terribilis, in pugna acris & +vehemens, tantaque mordacitate, ut citius discerpas quàm dissolvas; nec +lupum nec taurum, ursum aut leonem reformidat: vel cum cane illo +Alexandri Indico certe conferendus. Sed de his hactenus ut de +Britannicis verba fecimus. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Externi canes.</span> +Externos aliquos & eos majusculos, Islandicos dico & +Littuanicos, usus dudum recepit: quibus toto corpore hirtis, ob +promissum longumque pilum, nec vultus est, nec figura corporis. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Externa prælata.</span> +Multis tamen quòd peregrini sunt, & grati sunt, & in Melitæorum +locum assumpti sunt: usque adeo deditum est humanum genus etiam sine +ratione novitatibus. ἐρῶμεν ἀλλοτρίων, παρορῶμεν συγγενεῖς, miramur +aliena, nostra non diligimus. Neque hoc in canibus solum, sed in +artificibus quoque usu venit. Nostros enim licet doctos & peritos +fastidimus, belluam è longinqua barbarie alienoque solo profectam +<span class = "pagenum orig">10b</span> +<a name = "lat_page10b" id = "lat_page10b"> </a> +tanquam asinum Cumani, aut hominem Thalem, nostri suspiciunt. Id quod +Hippocrates sub initio libri sui περὶ ἀγμῶν recte sua ætate observavit, +& nos libello nostro seu consilio de Ephemera Britannica ad populum +Britannicum copiosius explicuimus. Atque in hoc genere quo quisque +indoctior, audacior, incogitantior, hoc pluris fit apud nostros, atque +etiam apud torquatos istos principes atque proceres. Cæterum de externis +canibus nihil dico, quòd de Britannicis tantum voto tuo satisfacere +studeo, Conrade vir doctissime. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Canis Getulus.</span> +Inter ea tamen quæ aliàs ad te dedi, de cane Getulo seorsum scripsi, +quòd rara species ejus videbatur. De cætero genere, ipse plenissimè +scribis. Verum cum longius jam produximus hunc libellum quàm priorem ad +te, brevius tamen quam pro natura rei, quòd habuimus rationem studiorum +tuorum, memoriæ causa quæ de canibus Britannicis diximus, in diagramma +reducemus. Et quia vulgaribus nominibus delectaris, ut ex literis tuis +didici, ea quoque Latinis apponemus, & singulorum rationes +exponemus, quo nihil tibi sit incognitum aut desideratum.</p> + +<span class = "pagenum rpt">16</span> + +<a name = "lat_table" id = "lat_table"> </a> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> + +<tr> +<td></td> +<td></td> +<td class = "center" colspan = "6">Nomina</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td rowspan = "4"></td> +<td rowspan = "2"></td> +<td></td> +<td class = "center" colspan = "3">Latina</td> +<td class = "center" colspan = "3">Anglica</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<!-- <td></td> --> +<!-- <td></td> --> +<td rowspan = "3">Venatici.</td> +<td class = "righttop"> + </td> +<td class = "threeright" style = "width: 3em;">Sagax.</td> +<td class = "threeleft" colspan = "2">Terrarius.<br> +Leverarius.<br> +Sanguinarius.</td> +<td class = "center threeright">Hunde</td> +<td>Terrare.<br> +Harier.<br> +Blud-hunde.</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<!-- <td></td> --> +<td class = "righttop"> <br> + </td> +<!-- <td></td> --> +<td class = "rightline"> </td> +<td class = "fourleft" colspan = "2" rowspan = "2"> +Agasæus.<br> +Leporarius. +<p>Levinarius seu<br> +Lorarius.</p> +Vertagus. +</td> +<td class = "fourright" rowspan = "2" style = "width: 12px;"> </td> +<td colspan = "2" rowspan = "2"> +Gasehunde.<br> +Grehunde. +<p>Leviner, or<br> +Lyemmer.</p> +Tumbler. +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<!-- <td></td> --> +<td class = "rightline"> </td> +<!-- <td></td> --> +<td class = "rightbottom"> </td> +<!-- <td></td> --> +<!-- <td></td> --> +<!-- <td></td> --> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "righttop"> </td> +<td class = "rightline">Generosi.</td> +<td>Aucupatorii.</td> +<td class = "threeright"> </td> +<td class = "threeleft" colspan = "2"> +Hispaniolus.<br> +Index. +<p>Aquaticus, seu<br> +Inquisitor.</p></td> +<td class = "threeright"> + </td> +<td colspan = "2"> +Spainel.<br> +Setter. +<p>Water-spainel, or Fynder.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "rightline" rowspan = "2"> +Canes ergo Britannici,<br> +aut sunt</td> +<td class = "rightbottom"> </td> +<td>Delicati.</td> +<td class = "tworight"> + </td> +<td class = "twoleft" colspan = "2"> +<p>Melitæus,<br> +seu Fotor.</p></td> +<td class = "tworight"> + </td> +<td colspan = "2"><p>Spainel-gentle, or Comforter.</p></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<!-- <td></td> --> +<td>Rustici.</td> +<td></td> +<td class = "threeright"> + </td> +<td class = "threeleft" colspan = "2"> +<p>Pastoralis.</p> +<p>Villaticus, seu Catenarius.</p> +</td> +<td class = "threeright"> + </td> +<td colspan = "2"> +<p>Shepherd’s Dog.</p> +<p>Mastive, or Bandedog.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "rightbottom"> </td> +<td>Degeneres.</td> +<td></td> +<td class = "threeright"> + </td> +<td class = "threeleft" colspan = "2">Admonitor.<br> +Versator.<br> +Saltator.</td> +<td class = "threeright"> + </td> +<td colspan = "2">Wappe.<br> +Turn-spit.<br> +Dancer.</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p><a name = "lat_names" id = "lat_names"> +Ista vocabula nostratia</a> cum nihil apud te, hominem +<span class = "pagenum orig">11</span> +<a name = "lat_page11a" id = "lat_page11a"> </a> +peregrinum, loquantur sine interpretatione, ut Latinorum vocabulorum +rationem prius reddidimus, ita Anglicorum jam reddemus, quo tibi pateant +universa, eo etiam quo prius observato ordine.</p> + +<p><span class = "sidenote"> +Sagax.</span> +Hunde igitur (quem inter venaticos sagacem diximus) a verbo nostro +hunte, quod apud nostros venari significat, unica tantum immutata litera +derivata appellatione, nomen habet. Quod si a vocabulo vestrati hunde, +(quod canem in universum apud vos significat) propter vocum +similitudinem appellari credas (mi Gesnere) ut non magnopere repugnabo, +cum adhuc retinemus multa Germanica vocabula, a Saxonibus cum +Angliam occuparunt nobis relicta, ita illud admonebo, commune quidem +nomen canis apud nos dogge esse, venatici vero canis hunde.</p> + +<p><span class = "sidenote"> +Agasæus.</span> +Similiter à verbo nostrati, Gase, (quòd fixius rem aliquam & +attentius contueri est) Gasehunde appellatur nostris, quem +<span class = "pagenum rpt">17</span> +ante Agasæum nominari diximus. Neque enim odoratu, sed prospectu attento +& diligenti feram persequitur iste canis, ut jam ante memoravimus; +etsi non sum nescius etiam apud Latinos Agasæi vocabulum inter canum +nomina reperiri.</p> + +<p><span class = "sidenote"> +Leporarius.</span> +A Gre quoque, Grehunde apud nostros invenit nomen, quod præcipui gradus +inter canes sit, & primæ generositatis. +<span class = "pagenum orig">11b</span> +<a name = "lat_page11b" id = "lat_page11b"> </a> +Gre enim apud nostros gradum denotat. Hunc latinè Leporarium +dicebamus.</p> + +<p><span class = "sidenote"> +Levinarius.</span> +A levitate Leviner, à loro Lyemmer, appellatur is quem Levinarium & +Lorarium latinè nominavimus. Nam Lyemme nostra lingua, Lorum significat. +Quod autem a levitate Leviner, hoc est a latina voce Britannicam, +diducimus: cur in libris nostris sparsim a Græcis dictionibus & +Latinis Italicis & Germanicis, Gallicis & Hispanicis nostratia +multa derivamus, unde ortum eadem multa habuerunt: +<span class = "sidenote"> +Lib. de symphonia.</span> +& quemadmodum ab origine sua etiam multa per corruptionem jam +declinarunt, libello nostro de symphonia seu consonantia vocum +Britannicarum fusius explicabimus.</p> + +<p><span class = "sidenote"> +Vertagus.</span> +Postremus inter venaticos Vertagus est, quem Tumbler vocitamus; quòd +tumble apud nos vertere est Latinis, & tumbiere Gallis, unde ortum +habet id nomen Tumbler, mutata vocali in liquidam nostro more: contra +quàm in lingua Gallica & Italica, in quibus liquida ante vocalem, +magna ex parte in aliam vocalem vertitur, ut impiere & piano, pro +implere & plano, quæ exempli gratia adduce, cum infinita sint.</p> + +<p><span class = "sidenote"> +Aucupatorii.</span> +Post Venaticos sequuntur Aucupatorii; inter quos primus est Hispaniolus, +quem ab Hispania voce nomen accepisse prius diximus. Nostri omissa +aspiratione & prima vocali, Spainel & Spaniel expediti sermonis +causa proferunt.</p> + +<p><span class = "sidenote"> +Index.</span> +Secundus Index, quem nostri a Setter nominare solent, a verbo +sette, quod locum designare nostris Britannis significat.</p> + +<span class = "pagenum orig">12</span> +<a name = "lat_page12a" id = "lat_page12a"> </a> + +<p><span class = "sidenote"> +Aquaticus.</span> +Post hunc subsequitur aquaticus, hoc est a Waterspainel, a vocibus +Water & Spaine (hoc est aqua & Hispania) deducto nomine. Nam +aqua, in qua se exercet canis iste, Water; & Hispania (unde primum +genus hoc tractum ex nomine creditur) Spaine apud nostros vocitatur. Non +quòd isti canes +<span class = "pagenum rpt">18</span> +non sint etiam nativi in Britannia, sed quòd generale & commune +nomen canum, qui ex Hispania primò profecti putantur, istæ canum species +(ut & cæteri Aucupatorii) adhuc vulgo referunt, etsi in Britannia +oriantur, & peculiari aliqua vocis nota, aut qualitatis indicio +secernantur apud nos; ut est ista species vocis Water, hoc est aquæ, +appositione. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Inquisitor.</span> +Alio etiam nomine a Finder canis iste appellatur, quòd quærendo invenit +res deperditas, quæ res nostris, fynde, hoc est invenire, dicitur. Nos +tamen ab inquirendo latinum nomen huic fecimus, quòd præcipua pars +inventionis in inquirendo est.</p> + +<p>A venaticis & aucupatoriis transitus est ad Delicatos, Rusticos, +& Degeneres. +<span class = "sidenote"> +Delicati.</span> +Delicatum, Melitæum & Spainel gentle, hoc est Hispaniolum generosum, +nominavimus, à generositatis nomine data appellatione, quòd inter +nobiles viros atque fœminas versari, & iis in deliciis atque ad +lusus esse consuevit: ut erat illud Gorgonis κυνίδιον apud Theocritum in +Syracusiis, quod discedens servæ diligentiæ pari cura cum infante +commiserat, ut catellum quidem illa intro revocaret, puerum verò +vagientem placaret. Ad alia omnia +<span class = "pagenum orig">12b</span> +<a name = "lat_page12b" id = "lat_page12b"> </a> +inutilis canis iste est, nisi ad ea quæ jam ante diximus, nisi ad +fovendum stomachum debilitatum frigore, nisi ad prodendum adulterium, +quod fecisse hujus generis catellum quendam Siculum refert Ælianus, +libro septimo, capite vicesimo quinto animalium.</p> + +<p><span class = "sidenote"> +Rustici.</span> +Rusticos, Shepeherdes dogges, Mastives, & Bandedogges nominavimus: +illorum quidem deducto nomine a pastore, qui Shepeherde apud nos +dicitur, quòd custodit oves, quæ nostris, Shepe, appellantur: istorum a +ligamento, quod Bande, & Sagina, quod maste, villicis nostris +hominibus dicitur. Est enim crassum genus canum, & bene saginatum +catenarium hoc. Etsi non sum nescius Augustinum Niphum, Mastinum +(mastivum nostri dicunt) pecuarium existimare: & Albertum Lyciscum +ex cane & lupo genitum esse scribere: quamvis idem pro Molosso magna +ex parte vertat.</p> + +<p><span class = "sidenote"> +Versator.</span> +Ad postremum, degeneres Wappe & Turnespete nominari dicebamus: hunc +a verbo nostrati turne, quòd est verto & spete, seu spede ad +imitationem Italorum, quod veru dicitur; +<span class = "pagenum rpt">19</span> +illum a naturali canis voce Wau, quam in latratu edit admonendo. Unde, +originaliter Waupe dicendum fuit. Sed euphoniæ bonæque consonantiæ +gratia, vocali in consonantem mutata, Wappe a nostris vocitatur. Etsi +non me fugit Nonium, a voce naturali Bau, formare suum baubari, non +a Wau, quemadmodum & Græci à suo βαύζειν.</p> + +<p><span class = "sidenote"> +Saltator.</span> +<span class = "pagenum orig">13</span> +<a name = "lat_page13a" id = "lat_page13a"> </a> +Jam verò quod dansare nostris, saltare sit Latinis, si didiceris, non +est de canis saltatoris nostrati nomine amplius quod ipse expetas.</p> + +<p>Ita habes (mi Gesnere) non solum canum nostratium genera, sed & +nomina quoque Latina atque Anglica, officia atque usus, differentias +atque mores, naturas & ingenia, ut non sit quod desideres in hoc +argumento amplius. Et quanquam forsan omni ex parte non satisfecerim +tibi in edendo (cui in desideriis omnis festinatio in mora esse +videatur) quòd inhibuerim editionem rudioris illius libelli, quem ad te +tanquam ad privatum amicum, non ad editionem publicam ante annos quinque +dederim; tamen in hoc spero me satisfecisse tibi, quòd mora fecit +aliquanto meliorem, & δεύτεραι φροντίδες lectu commodiorem.</p> + +<p class = "center"> +<i>Joannis Caii Britanni de Canibus Britannicis libelli finis.</i></p> + +<p class = "hanging"> +<i>Iste liber scriptus fuit ante mortem Gesneri, etsi non ante +publicatus, ut est ille de rariorum animalium atque stirpium +historia.</i></p> + +</div> <!-- end div latin --> + + +<span class = "pagenum rpt">20</span> +<h3><a name = "lat_index" id = "lat_index"> +In lib. Ioannis Caij Bri-</a><br> +<i>tanni de canibus Britan-<br> +nicis, index.</i></h3> + +<table class = "index" summary = "alphabetical index"> +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "3">A</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "dropcap" rowspan = "2">A</td> +<td><span class = "firstletter">d</span>monitor.</td> +<td class = "number">Fol. <a href = "#lat_page9a">9.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Agasæus.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page3a">3.a</a>. <a href = +"#lat_page11a">11.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2"><p>Alfredi iustitia in fures.</p></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page7b">7.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Anatis providentia.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page5a">5.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Anaticularum fallatiæ.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page5b">5.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Aquaticus canis.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page5a">5.a</a>. <a href = +"#lat_page12a">12.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Aquarius.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page8a">8.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Aucupatorij.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page11b">11.b</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "3">B</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "dropcap" rowspan = "2">B</td> +<td><span class = "firstletter">l</span>ondus.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page8b">8.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Bracha.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page2b">2.b</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "3">C</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "dropcap" rowspan = "2">C</td> +<td><span class = "firstletter">a</span>nis cathenarius.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page6b">6.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Canis tympanista.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page9b">9.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Canis custos.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page7b">7.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Canes externi.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page10a">10.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Canis defensor.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page8a">8.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Canis Lucernarius.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page8a">8.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Canis mandatarius.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page8a">8.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Canis piscator.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page5b">5.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Canis pastoralis.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page6a">6.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Canis Getulus.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page10a">10.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Canis sarcinarius.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page8a">8.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2"><p>Canis timidus quo modo à strenuo +discernendus.</p></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page9a">9.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Canis ultor.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page8b">8.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Canis index.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page4b">4.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Canis excubitor.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page8a">8.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Canis furax.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page4a">4.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Comparcum.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page8b">8.b</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "3">D</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "dropcap" rowspan = "2">D</td> +<td><span class = "firstletter">e</span>generes canes.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page9a">9.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Delicatus canis.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page6a">6.a</a>. <a href = +"#lat_page12a">12.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Defensor.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page8a">8.a</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "3">E</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "dropcap" rowspan = "2">E</td> +<td><p><span class = "firstletter">d</span>garus rex lupos +sustulit.</p></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page6b">6.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Excubitor canis.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page8a">8.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Externi canes.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page10a">10.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Externa prælata.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page10a">10.a</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "3">F</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "dropcap" rowspan = "2">F</td> +<td><span class = "firstletter">o</span>tor.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page6a">6.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Furum plena omnia.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page7b">7.b</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "3">G</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "dropcap" rowspan = "2">G</td> +<td><span class = "firstletter">e</span>nerosi venatici.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page1b">1.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Generosi aucupatorij.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page4a">4.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Generosi delicati.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page6a">6.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Getulus canis.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page10a">10.a</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "3">H</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "dropcap" rowspan = "2">H</td> +<td><p><span class = "firstletter">e</span>nrici septimi exemplum +castigatæ rebellionis.</p></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page7a">7.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Hispaniolus.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page4b">4.b</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "3">I</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "dropcap" rowspan = "2">I</td> +<td><span class = "firstletter">n</span>dex canis.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page4b">4.b</a>. <a href = +"#lat_page11b">11.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Ingulphus Croylandensis historicus.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page7b">7.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Inquisitor.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page5a">5.a</a>. & <a href = +"#lat_page12a">12.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Islandicus canis.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page10a">10.a</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "3">K</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "dropcap">K</td> +<td colspan = "2"><p><span class = "firstletter">y</span>ngeston, seu +Kingestoune, octo regum (Edwardi primi, Athelstani, Edmundi, Aldredi, +Edwini, Edgari, Edeldredi, Edwardi cognomento ferrei lateris) +coronatione percelebre oppidum.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr><td></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page8b">8.b</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "3"> +<span class = "pagenum rpt">21</span> +L</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "dropcap" rowspan = "2">L</td> +<td><span class = "firstletter">a</span>niarius.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page8a">8.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Lacæna.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page9b">9.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Leverarius.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page2a">2.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Leporarius.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page3b">3.b</a>. <a href = +"#lat_page11a">11.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Henrici secundi.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page3b">3.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Levinarius.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page3b">3.b</a>. <a href = +"#lat_page11b">11.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Lepus tympanista.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page5a">5.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2"><p>Liber de symphonia vocum Britannicarum.</p></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page11b">11.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Littuanicus canis.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page10a">10.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Lorarius.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page3b">3.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2"><p>Lupos ex Anglia sustulit Edgarus rex.</p></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page6a">6.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2"><p>Lupi nulli in Britannia.</p></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page6a">6.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Lutra an piscis? an canis piscator?</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page5b">5.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Lucernarius.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page8a">8.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Lunarius.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page8a">8.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Lyciscus.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page9a">9.a</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "3">M</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "dropcap" rowspan = "2">M</td> +<td><span class = "firstletter">a</span>ndatarius.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page8a">8.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Melitæus.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page6a">6.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Mendici valentes.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page7b">7.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Molossus.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page6a">6.a</a>. &. b. &. +<a href = "#lat_page8a">8.a</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "3">O</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">οἰκουρός.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page8a">8.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Oves pastorem sequentes.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page6b">6.b</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "3">P</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "dropcap" rowspan = "2">P</td> +<td><span class = "firstletter">a</span>storalis canis.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page6a">6.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Phoca.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page5b">5.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Pupinus piscis & avis.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page5b">5.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Pervigil canis.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page8a">8.a</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "3">R</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "dropcap" rowspan = "2">R</td> +<td><span class = "firstletter">u</span>stici canes.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page6a">6.a</a>. <a href = +"#lat_page11b">11.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Rebellionis exemplum castigatum.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page7a">7.a</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "3">S</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "dropcap" rowspan = "2">S</td> +<td><span class = "firstletter">a</span>gax.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page1b">1.b</a>. <a href = +"#lat_page11a">11.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Saltator.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page9a">9.a</a>. <a href = +"#lat_page12b">12.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Salacones.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page7b">7.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Sanguinarius.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page2a">2.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Sarcinarius.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page8a">8.a</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "3">T</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "dropcap" rowspan = "2">T</td> +<td><span class = "firstletter">e</span>rrarius.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page2a">2.a</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Tympanista.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page9a">9.a</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "3">V</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "dropcap" rowspan = "2">V</td> +<td><p><span class = "firstletter">a</span>lentiniani imperatoris in +validos mendicos lex.</p></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page7b">7.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Venatici canes.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page1b">1.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Vertagus.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page3b">3.b</a>. <a href = +"#lat_page11b">11.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Versator.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page9b">9.b</a>. <a href = +"#lat_page12b">12.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Villaticus.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page6b">6.b</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2">Vrcanus.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#lat_page9b">9.b</a></td> +</tr> +</table> + +<h5><i>Indicis finis.</i></h5> + +</div> <!-- end div maintext --> + +<hr class = "tiny"> +<hr class = "mid"> +<hr> +<hr class = "mid"> +<hr class = "tiny"> + + +<p class = "illustration"> +<a name = "dogges" id = "dogges"> </a><br> +<img src = "images/dogges_title.png" width = "367" height = "620" +alt = "see end of text"></p> + +<p class = "center"><a href = "#titletext">Title Page Text</a></p> + +<div class = "page"> + +<h3>¶ A Prosopopoicall speache<br> +<i>of the Booke.</i></h3> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>Some tell of starres th’influence straunge,</p> +<p class = "indent"> +Some tell of byrdes which flie in th’ayre,</p> +<p>Some tell of beastes on land which raunge,</p> +<p class = "indent"> +Some tell of fishe in riuers fayre,</p> +<p>Some tell of serpentes sundry sortes,</p> +<p class = "indent"> +Some tell of plantes the full effect,</p> +<p>Of English dogges I sound reportes,</p> +<p class = "indent"> +Their names and natures I detect,</p> +<p>My forhed is but baulde and bare:</p> +<p class = "indent"> +But yet my body’s beutifull,</p> +<p>For pleasaunt flowres in me there are,</p> +<p class = "indent"> +And not so fyne as plentifull:</p> +<p>And though my garden plot so greene,</p> +<p class = "indent"> +Of dogges receaue the trampling feete,</p> +<p>Yet is it swept and kept full cleene,</p> +<p class = "indent"> +So that it yeelds a sauour sweete.</p> + +<p class = "right larger"> +<i>Ab. Fle.</i></p> +</div> + +</div> + +<div class = "page"> + +<h2><a name = "eng_dedic" id = "eng_dedic">DOCTISSIMO VIRO, ET</a></h2> + +<h3>Patrono suo singulari D. Perne, E-</h3> + +<h4><i>liensis ecclesiæ Cathedralis dignissi-</i></h4> + +<h6>mo Decano, Abrahamus Flemingus,</h6> + +<h6><span class = "greek" title = "eudaimonian">ευδαιμονιαν</span>.</h6> + +<p class = "space"> +Scripsit non multis abhinc annis (optime Patrone) et non impolitè +scripsit, vir omnibus optimarum literarum remis instructissimus, de +doctorum grege non malè meritus, tuæ dignitati familiaritatis nexu +coniunctissimus, clarissimum Cantabrigiensis academiæ lumen, gẽma, et +gloria, Johannes Caius, ad Conradum Gesnerum summum suum, hominem +peritissimum, indagatorem rerum reconditarum sagacissimum, pulcherrimaq. +historiarum naturalium panoplia exornatũ, epitomen de canibus +Britannicis non tam breuem quàm elegantem, et vtilem, epitomen inquam +variis variorum experimentorum argumentis concinnatam; in cuius titulum +cũ forte incidissem, et nouitate rei nonnihil delectarer, +interpretationem Anglicam aggressus sum. Postquam vero finem penso +imposuissem, repentina quædam de opusculi dedicatione cogitatio +oboriebatur tãdemque post multas multarum rerum iactationes, +beneficiorum tuorum (Ornatissime vir) vnica recordatio, instar +rutilantis stellæ, quæ radiorum splendore quaslibet caliginosas +teterrimæ obliuionis nebulas dissipat, et memoriæ serenitatem, plusquã +solarem, inducit, mihi illuxit; nec nõ officii ratio quæ funestissimis +insensæ fortunæ fulminibus conquassata, lacerata, et convulsa, penè +perierat, fractas vires multumq. debilitatas colligebat, pristinum robur +recuperauit, tandemque aliquando ex Lethea illa palude neruose +emergebat, atque eluctata est. Quã voraginẽ simulatque euaserat, sic +effloruit, adeoque increuit, vt vnamquamque +<!-- png 02 --> +animi mei cellulã in sui ditionem atque imperii amplitudinem raperet. +Nunc vero in contemplatione meritorum tuorum versari non desino, quorum +magnitudinem nescio an tam tenui et leuidensi orationis filo possim +circumscribere: Hoc, Ædepol, me non mediocriter mouet, non leuiter +torquet, non languide pungit. Est præterea alia causa quæ mihi scrupulum +injicit, et quodammodo exulcerat, ingrati nempe animi suspicio a qua, +tanquam ab aliqua Lernæa Hydra, pedibus (vt aiunt) Achilleis semper +fugi, et tamẽ valde pertimesco ne officij mora et procrastinatio (vt ita +dicam) obscænam securitatis labem nomini meo inurat, eoque magis +expauesco quod peruulgatum illud atque decantatum poetæ carmen memoriæ +occurrebat.</p> + +<p class = "center smaller"> +Dedecus est semper sumere nilque dare.</p> + +<p>Sed (Ornatissime vir) quemadmodũ metus illius mali me magnopere +affligebat atque fodicabat, ita spes alterius boni, nempe humanitatis +tuæ, qua cæteris multis interuallis præluxeris, erigit suffulcitque: Ea +etiam spes alma et opima iubet et hortatur aliquod <ins class = "mycorr" +title = "duplication in original">quale quale</ins> sit, officij +specimen cum allacritate animi prodere. Hisce itaque persuasionibus +victus me morigerum præbui, absolutamque de canibus Britannicis +interpretationẽ Anglicam, tibi potissimum vtpote patrono singulari, et +vnico Mæcenati dedicandũ proposui: non quod tam ieiuno et exili munere +immensum meritorum tuorum mare metiri machiner, non quod religiosas +aures sacratasque, prophanæ paginæ explicatione obtundere cupiam, nec +quod nugatoriis friuolisque narrationibus te delectari arbitrer, cum in +diuinioribus excercitationibus totus sis: sed potius (cedat fides dicto) +quod insignis ille egregiusque liber alium artium, et præcipuè medicæ +facultatis princeps (qui hoc opusculum contexuit) ita viguit dum vixerat +adeoque inclaruit, vt haud scio (vt ingenué fatear quod sentio) an post +funera parem sibi superstitem reliquerit. Deinde quod hunc libellum +summo studio et industria elaboratum in transmarinas regiones miserat, +ad hominem omni literarum genere, et præsertim occultarũ rerum +cognitione, quæ intimis naturæ visceribus et medullis insederat +(O ingeniũ niueo lapillo dignũ) cuius difficultates Laberyntheis +anfractibus flexuosisque recessibus impeditas +<!-- png 03 --> +perscrutari et iuuestigare (deus bone, quam ingẽs labor, quam infinitum +opus,) excultum, Conradum Gesnerum scriberet, <ins class = "authcorr" +title = "corrected by author from ‘quæ’">qui</ins> tantam gratiam +conciliauit vt non solum amicissimo osculo exciperet, sed etiam stud +lose lectitaret, accuratè vteretur, inexhaustis denique viribus, tanquam +perspicacissimus draco vellus aureum, et oculis plusquam aquilinis +custodiret, Postremo quemadmodum hanc epitomen a viro verè docto ad +virum summa nominis celebritate decoratum scriptam fuisse accepimus, ita +eandem ipsam (pro titulo Britannico) Britãnico sermone, licet +ineleganti, vsitata et populari, ab esuriente Rhetore donatam, tuis +(eruditissime vir) manibus commendo vt tuo sub patrocino in has atque +illas regionis nostræ partes intrepide proficiscatur: obtestorque vt +hunc libellum, humilem et obscuram inscriptionem gerentem, argumentum +nouum et antehæc non auditum complectientem, ab omni tamen Sybaritica +obscœnitate remotissimum, æqui bonique consulas.</p> + + +<p class = "space right">Tuæ dignitati deditissimus</p> + +<p class = "space right"><i>Abrahamus</i></p> + +<p class = "right"><i>Flemingus.</i></p> + +</div> + +<div class = "page"> + +<!-- png 04 --> +<h3><a name = "eng_reader" id = "eng_reader">To the well disposed +Reader.</a></h3> + + +<p class = "space"> +As euery manifest effect proceedeth frõ som certain cause, so the +penning of this present abridgement (gentle and courteous reader) issued +from a speciall occasion. For Conradus Gesnerus, a man whiles he liued, +of incomparable knowledge, and manyfold experience, being neuer +satisfied with the sweete sappe of vnderstanding, requested <i>Iohannes +Caius</i> a profound clarke and a rauennous deuourer of learning (to his +praise be it spoke though the language be somewhat homely) to write a +breuiary or short treatise of such dogges as were ingendred within the +borders of England: To the contentation of whose minde and the vtter +accomplishement of whose desire, <i>Caius</i> spared no study, (for the +acquaintance which was betweene them, as it was confirmed by +continuaunce, and established vpon vnfainednes, so was it sealed with +vertue and honesty) withdrew himself from no labour, repined at no +paines, forsooke no trauaile, refused no indeuour, finally pretermitted +no opportunity or circumstaunce which seemed pertinent and requisite to +the performance of this litle libell. In the whole discourse wherof, the +booke, to consider the substaunce, being but a pamphlet or skantling, +the argument not so fyne and affected, and yet the doctrine very +profitable and necessarye, he vseth such a smoothe and comely style, and +tyeth his inuention to such methodicall and orderly proceedings, as the +elegantnes and neatnesse of his Latine phrase, (being pure, perfect, and +vn mingled) maketh the matter which of it selfe is very base and +clubbishe, to appeare (shall I say tollerable) nay rather commendable +and effectuall. The sundry sortes of Englishe dogges he discouereth so +euidently, their natures he rippeth vp so apparantly, their manners he +openeth +<!-- png 05 --> +so manifestly, their qualities he declareth so skilfully, their +proportions he painteth out so perfectly, their colours he describeth so +artificially, and knytteth all these in such shortnesse and breuity, +that the mouth of th’aduersary must needes confesse & giue sentence +that commendation ought to bee his rewarde, and praise his deserued +pension. An ignoraunt man woulde neuer have beene drawne into this +opinion, to thincke that there had bene in England such variety & +choice of dogges, in all respectes (not onely for name but also for +qualitie) so diuerse and vnlike: But what cannot learning attaine? what +cannot the kay of knowledge open? what cannot the lampe of vnderstanding +lighten? what secretes cannot discretion detect? finally what cannot +experience comprehend? what huge heapes of histories hath +<i>Gesnerus</i> hourded vp in volumes of a large syze? Fishes in +floudes, Cattell on lande, Byrdes in the ayre, how hath he sifted them +by their naturall differences? how closely and in how narrow a compasse +hath he couched mighty and monstruous beasts, in bygnesse lyke +mountaines, the bookes themselues being lesser then Molehilles. The lyfe +of this man was not so great a restority of comfort, as his death was an +vlcer or wound of sorrow: the losse of whom <i>Caius</i> lamented, not +so much as he was his faithfull friende, as for that he was a famous +Philosopher, and yet the former reason (being, in very deede, vehement +and forceable) did stinge him with more griefe, then he peraduenture was +willing to disclose. And though death be counted terrible for the time, +and consequently vnhappy, yet <i>Caius</i> aduoucheth the death of +<i>Gesner</i> most blessed, luckie, and fortunate, as in his Booke +intituled <i>De libris proprijs</i> appeareth. But of these two Eagles +sufficient is spoken as I suppose, and yet litle enough in consideration +of their dignitie and worthines. Neurthelesse litle or mickle, something +or nothing, substaunce or shadow take all in good part, my meaning is by +a fewe wordes to wynne credit to this worke, not so much for mine owne +Englishe Translation as for the singuler commendation of them, +challenged of dutie and desart. Wherefore gentle Reader I commit them to +thy memorie, and their bookes to thy courteous censure. They +<!-- png 06 --> +were both learned men, and painefull practitioners in their professions, +so much the more therfore are their workes worthy estimation, I would it +were in me to aduaunce them as I wishe, the worst (and yet both, no +doubt, excellent) hath deserued a monument of immortality. Well there is +no more to be added but this, that as the translatiõ of this booke was +attempted, finished, and published of goodwill (not onely to minister +pleasure, as to affoord profit) so it is my desire and request that my +labour therin employed may be acceptable, as I hope it shalbe to men of +indifferent Judgement. As for such as shall snarr and snatch at the +Englishe abridgement, and teare the Translatour, being absent, with the +teeth of spightfull <ins class = "mycorr" title = "text reads ‘euuye’">enuye</ins>, I conclude in breuity there eloquence is but +currishe, if I serue in their meate with wrong sawce, ascribe it not to +vnskilfulnesse in coquery, but to ignoraunce in their diet, for as the +Poet sayeth</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p><i>Non satis est ars sola coquo, seruire palato:</i></p> +<p class = "indent"><i>Nanque coquus dontini debet habere gulam:</i></p> +</div> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>It is not enough that a cooke vnderstand,</p> +<p class = "indent">Except his Lordes stomack he holde in his hand.</p> +</div> + +<p>To winde vp all in a watcheworde I saye no more, But doe well, and +Farewell,</p> + +<p class = "right">His and his Friendes,</p> + +<p class = "right">Abraham</p> + +<p class = "right">Fleming.</p> + +</div> + +<div class = "maintext"> + +<span class = "pagenum rpt">1</span> + +<span class = "pagenum orig">1</span> +<a name = "trans_page1" id = "trans_page1"> </a> + +<h3><a name = "trans_intro" id = "trans_intro"> +The first Section of this<br> +<i>discourse</i>.</a></h3> + +<h4>¶ The Preamble or entraunce, into<br> +this treatise.</h4> + +<p>I wrote vnto you (well beloued friende <i>Gesner</i>) not many yeares +past, a manifolde historie, contayning the diuers formes and figures of +Beastes, Byrdes, and Fyshes, the sundry shapes of plantes, and the +fashions of Hearbes, &c.</p> + +<p>I wrote moreouer, vnto you seuerally, a certayne abridgement of +Dogges, which in your discourse vpon the fourmes of Beastes in the +seconde order of mylde and tameable Beastes, where you make mencion of +Scottishe Dogges, and in the wynding vp of your Letter written and +directed to Doctour <i>Turner</i>, comprehending a Catalogue or +rehersall of your bookes not yet extant, you promised to set forth in +print, and openly to publishe in the face of the worlde among such your +workes as are not yet come abroade to lyght and sight. But, because +certaine circumstaunces were wanting in my breuiary of Englishe Dogges +(as seemed vnto mee) I stayed the publication of the same, making +promise to sende another abroade, which myght be commytted to the +handes, the eyes, the eares, the mindes, and the iudgements of the +Readers. Wherefore that I myght perfourme that preciselye, which I +promised solempnly, accomplishe my determination, and satisfy your +expectacion: which art a man desirous and +<span class = "pagenum orig">2</span> +<a name = "trans_page2" id = "trans_page2"> </a> +capeable of all kinde of knowledge, and very earnest to be acquaincted +with all experimentes: I wyll expresse and declare in due order, the +grand and generall kinde of Englishe Dogges, the difference of them, the +vse, the propertyes, and the diuerse +<span class = "pagenum rpt">2</span> +natures of the same, making a tripartite diuision in this sort and +maner.</p> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td class = "threeright" width = "33%"> +All Englishe Dogges be eyther of, +</td> +<td> +<p>A gentle kinde, seruing the game.</p> +<p>A homely kind, apt for sundry necessary vses.</p> +<p>A currishe kinde, meete for many toyes.</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>Of these three sortes or kindes so meane I to entreate, that the +first in the first place, the last in the last roome, and the myddle +sort in the middle seate be handled. I cal thẽ vniuersally all by the +name of English dogges, as well because England only, as it hath in it +English dogs, so it is not without Scottishe, as also for that wee are +more inclined and delighted with the noble game of hunting, for we +Englishmen are adicted and giuen to that exercise, & painefull +pastime of pleasure, as well for the plenty of fleshe which our Parkes +and Forrests doe foster, as also for the oportunitie and conuenient +leasure which we obtaine, both which, the Scottes want. Wherfore seeing +that the whole estate of kindly hunting consisteth principally,</p> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td class = "tworight"> +In these two pointes, +</td> +<td class = "twoleft"> +<p>In chasing the beast</p> +<p>In taking the byrde</p> +</td> +<td class = "tworight"> +that is in +</td> +<td class = "twoleft"> +hunting<br> +fowleing +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>It is necessary and requisite to vnderstand, that there are two +sortes of Dogges by whose meanes, the feates within specifyed are +wrought, and these practyses of actiuitie cunningly and curiously +compassed,</p> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td class = "tworight"> +Two kindes of Dogges +</td> +<td> +<p>One which rouseth the beast and continueth the chase,</p> +<p>Another which springeth the byrde and bewrayeth flight by +pursuite,</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>Both which kyndes are tearmed of the Latines by one common name that +is, <i>Canes Venatici</i>, hunting dogges. But +<span class = "pagenum orig">3</span> +<a name = "trans_page3" id = "trans_page3"> </a> +because we Englishe men make a difference betweene hunting and <ins +class = "mycorr" title = "text unchanged">fowleling</ins>, for that they +are called by these seuerall wordes, <i>Venatio</i> & +<i>Aucupium</i>, so they tearme the Dogges whom they vse in these sundry +games by diuers names, as <a name = "trans_venat" id = "trans_venat"> +those which</a> +<span class = "pagenum rpt">3</span> +serue for the beast, are called <i>Venatici</i>, the other which are +vsed for the fowle are called <i>Aucupatorij</i><ins class = "mycorr" +title = ", for .">. </ins></p> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td class = "fourright"> +The first kind<br> +called <i>Venatici</i><br> +I deuide into<br> +fiue sortes. +</td> +<td class = "fourleft"> +<p>The first in perfect smelling</p> +<p>The second in quicke spying</p> +<p>The thirde in swiftnesse and quicknesse</p> +<p>The fourth in smelling & nymblenesse</p> +<p>The fifte in subtiltie and deceitfulnesse,</p> +</td> +<td> +excelleth. +</td> +</tr> +</table> + + +<h4>Of the Dogge called a Harier, in Latine <i>Leuerarius</i>.</h4> + +<p>That kinde of Dogge whom nature hath indued with the vertue of +smelling, whose property it is to vse a lustines, a readines, and a +couragiousnes in hunting, and draweth into his nostrells the ayre or +sent of the beast pursued and followed, we call by this word +<i>Sagax</i>, the <ins class = "authcorr" title = "corrected by author from ‘Grecians’"><i>Græcians</i></ins> by thys word <span class = +"greek" title = "ichneutên">ιχνευτήν</span> of tracing or chasing by +y<sup>e</sup> foote, or <span class = "greek" title = +"rhinêlatên">ῥινηλάτην</span>, of the nostrells, which be the +instrumentes of smelling. Wee may knowe these kinde of Dogges by their +long, large, and bagging lippes, by their hanging eares, reachyng downe +both sydes of their chappes, and by the indifferent and measurable +proportion of their making. This sort of Dogges we call +<i>Leuerarios</i> Hariers, that I may comprise the whole nũber of them +in certaine specialties, and apply to them their proper and peculier +names, for so much as they cannot all be reduced +<span class = "pagenum orig">4</span> +<a name = "trans_page4" id = "trans_page4"> </a> +and brought vnder one sorte, considering both the sundrye uses of them, +and the difference of their seruice wherto they be appointed.</p> + +<table class = "bracket close" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td class = "righttop"> </td> +<td> +The Hare<br> +The Foxe<br> +</td> +<td class = "lefttop"> </td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "rightline"> +Some for +</td> +<td> +The Wolfe<br> +The Harte<br> +The Bucke<br> +The Badger<br> +The Otter<br> +The Polcat<br> +The Lobster<a class = "tag" name = "tagCe" id = "tagCe" href = +"#lobster">C</a> +</td> +<td class = "leftline"> +Some for one thing and some for another. +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "rightbottom"> </td> +<td> +The Weasell<br> +The Conny, &c. +</td> +<td class = "leftbottom"> </td> +</tr> +</table> + +<span class = "pagenum rpt">4</span> +<p>As for the Conny, whom we haue lastly set downe, wee use not to hunt, +but rather to take it, somtime with the nette sometime with a ferret, +and thus euery seuerall sort is notable and excellent in his naturall +qualitie and appointed practise. Among these sundry sortes, there be +some which are apt to hunt two diuers beasts, as the Foxe otherwhiles, +and other whiles the Hare, but they hunt not with such towardnes and +good lucke after them, as they doe that whereunto nature hath formed and +framed them, not onely in externall composition & making, but also +in inward faculties and conditions, for they swarue oftentimes, and doo +otherwise then they should.</p> + + +<h4>Of the Dogge called a Terrar, in Latine <i>Terrarius</i>.</h4> + +<p>Another sorte there is which hunteth the Foxe and the Badger or Greye +onely, whom we call Terrars, because they (after the manner and custome +of ferrets in searching for Connyes) creepe into the grounde, and by +that meanes make afrayde, nyppe, and byte the Foxe and the Badger in +such +<span class = "pagenum orig">5</span> +<a name = "trans_page5" id = "trans_page5"> </a> +sort, that eyther they teare them in peeces with theyr teeth beyng in +the bosome of the earth, or else hayle and pull them perforce out of +their lurking angles, darke dongeons, and close caues, or at the least +through cõceaued feare, driue them out of their hollow harbours, in so +much that they are compelled to prepare speedy flight, and being +desirous of the next (albeit not the safest) refuge, are otherwise taken +and intrapped with snares and nettes layde ouer holes to the same +purpose. But these be the least in that kynde called <i>Sagax</i>.</p> + + +<h4>Of the Dogge called a Bloudhounde in Latine +<i>Sanguinarius</i>.</h4> + +<p>The greater sort which serue to hunt, hauing lippes of a large syze, +& eares of no small lenght, doo, not onely chase the beast whiles it +liueth, (as the other doo of whom mencion aboue is made) but beyng dead +also by any maner of casualtie, +<span class = "pagenum rpt">5</span> +make recourse to the place where it lyeth, hauing in this poynt an +assured and infallible guyde, namely, the sent and sauour of the bloud +sprinckled heere and there vpon the ground. For whether the beast beyng +wounded, doth notwithstanding enioye life, and escapeth the handes of +the huntesman, or whether the said beast beyng slayne is conuayed clenly +out of the parcke (so that there be some signification of bloud shed) +these Dogges with no lesse facilitie and easinesse, then auiditie and +greedinesse can disclose and bewray the same by smelling, applying to +their pursute, agilitie and nimblenesse, without tediousnesse, for which +consideration, of a singuler specialtie they deserued to bee called +<i>Sanguinarij</i> bloudhounds. And albeit peraduenture it may chaunce, +(As whether it chaunceth sealdome or sometime I am ignorant) that a +peece of fleshe be subtily stolne and cunningly conuayed away with such +prouisos and precaueats as thereby all apparaunce +<span class = "pagenum orig">6</span> +<a name = "trans_page6" id = "trans_page6"> </a> +of bloud is eyther preuented, excluded, or concealed, yet these kinde of +dogges by a certaine direction of an inwarde assured notyce and priuy +marcke, pursue the deede dooers, through long lanes, crooked reaches, +and weary wayes, without wandring awry out of the limites of the land +whereon these desperate purloyners prepared their speedy passage. Yea, +the natures of these Dogges is such, and so effectuall is their +foresight, that they cã bewray, seperate, and pycke them out from among +an infinite multitude and an innumerable company, creepe they neuer so +farre into the thickest thronge, they will finde him out +notwithstandying he lye hidden in wylde woods, in close and ouergrowen +groues, and lurcke in hollow holes apte to harbour such vngracious +guestes. Moreouer, although they should passe ouer the water, thinking +thereby to auoyde the pursute of the houndes, yet will not these Dogges +giue ouer their attempt, but presuming to swym through the streame, +perseuer in their pursute, and when they be arriued and gotten the +further bancke, they hunt vp and downe, to and fro runne they, from +place to place shift they, vntill they haue attained to that plot of +grounde where they passed ouer. And this is their practise, if perdie +they cãnot at y<sup>e</sup> first time smelling, finde out the way which +the deede +<span class = "pagenum rpt">6</span> +dooers tooke to escape. So at length get they that by arte, cunning, and +diligent indeuour, which by fortune and lucke they cannot otherwyse +ouercome. In so much as it seemeth worthely and wisely written by +Ælianus in his sixte Booke, and xxxix. Chapter. <span class = "greek" +title = "To enthumêtikon kai dialektikon">Τὸ ἐνθυμητικον καὶ +διαλεκτικὸν</span>. to bee as it were naturally instilled and powred +into these kinde of Dogges. For they wyll not pause or breath from their +pursute vntill such tyme as they bee apprehended and taken which +committed the facte. The owners of such houndes vse to keepe them in +close and darke channells in the day time, and let them lose at liberty +in the night season, to th’intent that they myght with more courage and +boldnesse practise to follow the fellon in the euening and solitarie +houres of darkenesse, when such yll disposed varlots are principally +purposed +<span class = "pagenum orig">7</span> +<a name = "trans_page7" id = "trans_page7"> </a> +to play theyr impudent pageants, & imprudent pranckes. These houndes +(vpon whom this present portion of our treatise runneth) when they are +to follow such fellowes as we haue before rehersed, vse not that liberty +to raunge at wil, which they have otherwise when they are in game, +(except upon necessary occasion, wheron dependeth an urgent and +effectuall perswasion) when such purloyners make speedy way in flight, +but beyng restrained and drawne backe from running at randon with the +leasse, the ende whereof the owner holding in his hand is led, guyded, +and directed with such swiftnesse and slownesse (whether he go on foote, +or whether he ryde on horsebacke) as he himselfe in hart would wishe for +the more easie apprehension of these venturous varlots. In the borders +of England & Scotland, (the often and accustomed stealing of cattell +so procuring) these kinde of Dogges are very much vsed and they are +taught and trayned up first of all to hunt cattell as well of the +smaller as of the greater grouth, and afterwardes (that qualitie +relinquished and lefte) they are learned to pursue such pestilent +persons as plant theyr pleasure in such practises of purloyning as we +have already declared. Of this kinde there is none that taketh the water +naturally, except it please you so to suppose of them whych follow the +Otter, whych sometimes haunte the lande, and sometime vseth the water. +And yet neuerthelesse all the kind of them +<span class = "pagenum rpt">7</span> +boyling and broyling with greedy desire of the pray which by swymming +passeth through ryuer and flood, plung amyds the water, and passe the +streame with their pawes. But this propertie proceedeth from an earnest +desire wherwith they be inflamed, rather then from any inclination +issuyng from the ordinance and appoyntment of nature. And albeit some of +this sort in English be called <i>Brache</i>, in Scottishe <i>Rache</i>, +the cause hereof resteth in the shee sex and not in the generall kinde. +For we English men call bytches, belonging to the +<span class = "pagenum orig">8</span> +<a name = "trans_page8" id = "trans_page8"> </a> +hunting kinde of Dogges, by the tearme aboue mencioned. To bee short it +is proper to the nature of houndes, some to keepe silence in hunting +untill such tyme as there is game offered. Othersome so soone as they +smell out the place where the beast lurcketh, to bewray it immediatly by +their importunate barcking, notwithstanding it be farre of many furlongs +cowchyng close in his cabbyn. And these Dogges the younger they be, the +more wantonly barcke they, and the more liberally, yet, oftimes without +necessitie, so that in them, by reason of theyr young yeares and want of +practise, small certaintie is to be reposed. For continuance of tyme, +and experience in game, ministreth to these houndes not onely cunning in +running, but also (as in the rest) an assured foresight what is to bee +done, principally, being acquainted with their masters watchwordes, +eyther in reuoking or imboldening them to serue the game.</p> + + +<h4>Of the Dogge called the Gasehounde, in Latine <i>Agaseus</i>.</h4> + +<p>This kinde of Dogge which pursueth by the eye, preuayleth little, or +neuer a whit, by any benefite of the nose that is by smelling, but +excelleth in perspicuitie and sharpenesse of sight altogether, by the +vertue whereof, being singuler and notable, it hunteth the Foxe and the +Hare. Thys Dogge will choose and seperate any beast from among a great +flocke or hearde, and such a one will it take by election as is not +lancke, leane and hollow, but well spred, smoothe, full, fatte, and +round, it +<span class = "pagenum rpt">8</span> +followes by the direction of the eyesight, which in deede is cleere, +constant, and not uncertaine, if a beast be wounded and gone astray this +Dogge seeketh after it by the stedfastnes of the eye, if it chaunce +peraduenture to returne & bee mingled with the residue of the +flocke, this Dogge spyeth it out by the vertue of his eye, leauing the +rest of the cattell vntouched, and after he hath set sure sight upõ it +he seperateth it from among the company and hauing so done neuer ceaseth +<span class = "pagenum orig">9</span> +<a name = "trans_page9" id = "trans_page9"> </a> +untill he haue wearyed the Beast to death. Our countrey men call this +dogge <i>Agasæum</i>. A gasehounde because the beames of his sight are +so stedfastly setled and vnmoueably fastened. These Dogges are much and +vsually occupyed in the Northern partes of England more then in the +Southern parts, & in fealdy landes rather then in bushy and wooddy +places, horsemen vse them more then footemen to th’intent that they +might prouoke their horses to a swift galloppe (wherwith they are more +delighted then with the pray it selfe) and that they myght accustome +theyr horse to leape ouer hedges & ditches, without stoppe or +stumble, without harme or hassard, without doubt or daunger, and so +escape with safegard of lyfe. And to the ende that the ryders themselues +when necessitie so constrained, and the feare of further mischiefe +inforced, myght saue themselues vndamnifyed, and preuent each perilous +tempest by preparing speedy flight, or else by swift pursute made vpon +theyr enimyes, myght both ouertake them, encounter with them, and make a +slaughter of them accordingly. But if it fortune so at any time that +this Dogge take a wrong way, the master making some vsuall signe and +familiar token, he returneth forthwith, and taketh the right and ready +trace, beginning his chase a fresh, & with a cleare voyce, and a +swift foote followeth the game with as much courage and nimblenesse as +he did at the first.</p> + + +<h4>Of the Dogge called the Grehounde, in Latine <i>Leporarius</i>.</h4> + +<p>There is another kinde of Dogge which for his incredible swiftnesse +is called <i>Leporarius</i> a Grehounde, because the +<span class = "pagenum rpt">9</span> +principall seruice of them dependeth and consisteth in starting and +hunting the hare, which Dogges likewyse are indued with no lesse +strength then lightnes in maintenance of the +<span class = "pagenum orig">10</span> +<a name = "trans_page10" id = "trans_page10"> </a> +game, in seruing the chase, in taking the Bucke, the Harte, the Dowe, +the Foxe, and other beastes of semblable kinde ordained for the game of +hunting. But more or lesse, each one according to the measure and +proportion of theyr desire, and as might and habilitie of theyr bodyes +will permit and suffer. For it is a spare and bare kinde of Dogge, (of +fleshe but not of bone) some are of a greater sorte, and some of a +lesser, some are smooth skynned, & some are curled, the bigger +therefore are appoynted to hunt the bigger beasts, & the smaller +serue to hunt the smaller accordingly. The nature of these dogges I +finde to be wonderful by y<sup>e</sup> testimoniall of histories. For, +as Iohn Froisart the Historyographer in his 4. <i>lib.</i> reporteth. A +Grehound of King Richard, the second y<sup>t</sup> wore the Crowne, and +bare the Scepter of the Realme of England, neuer knowing any man, beside +the kings person, whẽ <i>Henry Duke</i> of <i>Lancaster</i> came to the +castle of <i>Flinte</i> to take King <i>Richarde</i>. The Dogge +forsaking his former Lord & master came to <i>Duke Henry</i>, fawned +upon him with such resemblaunces of goodwyll and conceaued affection, as +he fauoured King <i>Richarde</i> before: he followed the Duke, and +vtterly left the King. So that by these manifest circumstances a man +myght iudge this Dogge to haue bene lightened wyth the lampe of +foreknowledge & vnderstãding, touchyng his olde masters miseryes to +come, and vnhappinesse nye at hand, which King <i>Richarde</i> himselfe +euidently perceaued, accounting this deede of his Dogge a Prophecy of +his ouerthrowe.</p> + + +<h4>Of the Dogge called the Leuiner, or Lyemmer in Latine +<i>Lorarius</i>.</h4> + +<p>Another sort of dogges be there, in smelling singuler, and in +swiftnesse incomparable. This is (as it were) a myddle kinde betwixt the +Harier and the Grehounde, as well for his kinde, as for the frame of his +body. And it is called in latine <i>Leuinarius</i>, <i>a Leuitate</i>, +of lyghtnesse, and therefore may well +<span class = "pagenum rpt">10</span> +be called a lyghthounde, it is also called by this worde +<i>Lorarius</i>, <i>a Loro</i>, wherwith it is led. This Dogge for the +<span class = "pagenum orig">11</span> +<a name = "trans_page11" id = "trans_page11"> </a> +excellency of his conditions, namely smelling and swift running, doth +followe the game with more eagernes, and taketh the pray with a iolly +quicknes.</p> + + +<h4>Of the Dogge called a Tumbler, in Latine <i>Vertagus</i>.</h4> + +<p>This sorte of Dogges, which compasseth all by craftes, fraudes, +subtelties and deceiptes, we Englishe men call Tumblers, because in +hunting they turne and tumble, winding their bodyes about in circle +wise, and then fearcely and violently venturing upõ the beast, doth +soddenly gripe it, at the very entrance and mouth of their receptacles, +or closets before they can recouer meanes, to saue and succour +themselues. This dogge vseth another craft and subteltie, namely, when +he runneth into a warren, or setteth a course about a connyburrough, he +huntes not after them, he frayes them not by barcking, he makes no +countenance or shadow of hatred against them, but dissembling +friendship, and pretending fauour, passeth by with silence and +quietnesse, marking and noting their holes diligently, wherin (I warrant +you) he will not be ouershot nor deceaued. When he commeth to the place +where Connyes be, of a certaintie, he cowcheth downe close with his +belly to the groũd, Prouided alwayes by his skill and polisie, that +y<sup>e</sup> winde bee neuer with him but against him in such an +enterprise. And that the Connyes spie him not where he lurcketh. By +which meanes he obtaineth the sent and sauour of the Connyes, carryed +towardes him with the wind & the ayre, either going to their holes, +or cõming out, eyther passing this way, or running that way, and so +prouideth by his circumspection, that the selly simple Conny is debarred +quite from his hole (which is the hauen of their hope and the harbour of +their health) and fraudulently circumuented and taken, before they can +get the aduantage +<span class = "pagenum orig">12</span> +<a name = "trans_page12" id = "trans_page12"> </a> +of their hole. Thus hauing caught his pray he carryeth it speedily to +his Master, wayting his Dogges returne in some conuenient lurcking +corner. These Dogges are somewhat +<span class = "pagenum rpt">11</span> +lesser than the houndes, and they be lancker & leaner, beside that +they be somwhat prick eared. A man that shall marke the forme and +fashion of their bodyes, may well call them mungrell Grehoundes if they +were somwhat bigger. But notwithstanding they counteruaile not the +Grehound in greatnes, yet will he take in one dayes space as many +Connyes as shall arise to as bigge a burthen, and as heauy a loade as a +horse can carry, for deceipt and guile is the instrument wherby he +maketh this spoyle, which pernicious properties supply the places of +more commendable qualities.</p> + + +<h4>Of the Dogge called the theeuishe Dogge in Latine +<i>Canis furax</i>.</h4> + +<p>The like to that whom we have rehearsed, is the theeuishe Dogge, +which at the mandate and bydding of his master steereth and leereth +abroade in the night, hunting Connyes by the ayre, which is leuened with +their sauour and conueyed to the sense of smelling by the meanes of the +winde blowing towardes him. During all which space of his hunting he +will not barcke, least he shoulde bee preiudiciall to his owne +aduantage. And thus watcheth and snatcheth up in course as many Connyes +as his Master will suffer him, and beareth them to his Masters standing. +The farmers of the countrey and uplandishe dwellers, call this kinde of +Dogge a nyght curre, because he hunteth in the darke. But let thus much +seeme sufficient for Dogges which serue the game and disport of +hunting.</p> + + + +<span class = "pagenum orig">13</span> +<a name = "trans_page13" id = "trans_page13"> </a> +<h4>¶ A Diall pertaining to the<br> +<i>first Section.</i></h4> + +<table class = "bracket close" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td class = "righttop"> </td> +<td> </td> +<td class = "lefttop"> +Hariers<br> +Terrars<br> +</td> +<td class = "righttop"> </td> +<td></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "rightline"> +Dogges seruing<br> +y<sup>e</sup> pastime<br> +of hunting<br> +beastes. +</td> +<td> +are<br> +diuided<br> +into +</td> +<td class = "leftline"> +Bloudhounds<br> +Gasehounds<br> +Grehounds +<p>Leuiners or<br> +Lyemmers</p> +</td> +<td class = "rightline"> </td> +<td> +In Latine<br> +called<br> +<i>Venatici</i>. +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "rightbottom"> </td> +<td> </td> +<td class = "leftbottom"> +Tumblers<br> +Stealers +</td> +<td class = "rightbottom"> </td> +<td></td> +</tr> +</table> + + + + +<span class = "pagenum rpt">12</span> +<span class = "pagenum orig">14</span> +<a name = "trans_page14" id = "trans_page14"> </a> +<h3><a name = "trans_aucup" id = "trans_aucup"> +The seconde Section of</a><br> +<i>this discourse</i>.</h3> + +<h4>Of gentle Dogges seruing the hauke, and first<br> +of the Spaniell, called in Latine<br> +<i>Hispaniolus</i>.</h4> + + +<p>Svch Dogges as serue for fowling, I thinke conuenient and requisite +to place in this seconde Section of this treatise. These are also to bee +reckoned and accounted in the number of the dogges which come of a +gentle kind, and of those which serue for fowling.</p> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td class = "tworight"> +There be two sortes +</td> +<td class = "twoleft"> +<p>The first findeth game on the land.</p> +<p>The other findeth game on the water.</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>Such as delight on the land, play their partes, eyther by swiftnesse +of foote, or by often questing, to search out and to spring the byrde +for further hope of aduauntage, or else by some secrete signe and priuy +token bewray the place where they fall.</p> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td> +<p>The first kinde<br> +of such serue</p> +</td> +<td class = "tworight"> </td> +<td> +The Hauke, +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +The seconde, +</td> +<td class = "right larger">{</td> +<td> +The net, or, traine, +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>The first kinde haue no peculier names assigned vnto them, saue onely +that they be denominated after the byrde which by naturall appointment +he is alotted to take, for the which consideration. +<span class = "pagenum orig">15</span> +<a name = "trans_page15" id = "trans_page15"> </a></p> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td class = "threeright"> +Some be called Dogges, +</td> +<td class = "threeleft"> +For the Falcon<br> +The Phesant<br> +The Partridge +</td> +<td> +and such like, +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>The common sort of people call them by one generall word, namely +Spaniells. As though these kinde of Dogges +<span class = "pagenum rpt">13</span> +came originally and first of all out of Spaine, The most part of their +skynnes are white, and if they be marcked with any spottes, they are +commonly red, and somewhat great therewithall, the heares not growing in +such thicknesse but that the mixture of them maye easely bee perceaued. +Othersome of them be reddishe and blackishe, but of that sorte there be +but a very few. There is also at this day among vs a newe kinde of dogge +brought out of Fraunce (for we Englishe men are maruailous greedy gaping +gluttons after nouelties, and couetous coruorauntes of things that be +seldom, rare, straunge, and hard to get.) And they bee speckled all ouer +with white and black, which mingled colours incline to a marble blewe, +which bewtifyeth their skinnes and affordeth a seemely show of +comlynesse. These are called French dogges as is aboue declared +already.</p> + + +<h4>The Dogge called the Setter, in Latine <i>Index</i>.</h4> + +<p>Another sort of Dogges be there, seruiceable for fowling, making no +noise either with foote or with tounge, whiles they followe the game. +These attend diligently vpon theyr Master and frame their conditions to +such beckes, motions, and gestures, as it shall please him to exhibite +and make, either going forward, drawing backeward, inclining to the +right hand, or yealding toward the left, (In making mencion of fowles, +my meaning is of the Partridge & the Quaile) when he hath founde the +byrde, he keepeth sure and fast silence, he stayeth his steppes and wil +proceede no further, and with a +<span class = "pagenum orig">16</span> +<a name = "trans_page16" id = "trans_page16"> </a> +close, couert, watching eye, layeth his belly to the grounde and so +creepeth forward like a worme. When he approcheth neere to the place +where the birde is, he layes him downe, and with a marcke of his pawes +betrayeth the place of the byrdes last abode, whereby it is supposed +that this kinde of dogge is called <i>Index</i>, Setter, being in deede +a name most consonant and agreable to his quality. The place being +knowne by the meanes of the dogge, the fowler immediatly +<span class = "pagenum rpt">14</span> +openeth and spreedeth his net, intending to take them, which being done +the dogge at the accustomed becke or vsuall signe of his Master ryseth +vp by and by, and draweth neerer to the fowle that by his presence they +might be the authors of their owne insnaring, and be ready intangled in +the prepared net, which conning and artificiall indeuour in a dogge +(being a creature domesticall or householde seruaunt brought vp at home +with offalls of the trencher & fragments of victualls,) is not much +to be maruailed at, seing that a Hare (being a wilde and skippishe +beast) was seene in England to the astonishment of the beholders, in the +yeare of our Lorde God, 1564, not onely dauncing in measure, but playing +with his former feete vppon a tabberet, and obseruing iust number of +strokes (as a practicioner in that arte) besides that nipping & +pinching a dogge with his teeth and clawes, & cruelly thumping him +with y<sup>e</sup> force of his feete. This is no trumpery tale, nor +trifling toye (as I imagine) and therefore not vnworthy to bee reported, +for I recken it a requitall of my trauaile, not to drowne in the seas of +silence any speciall thing, wherin the prouidence and effectuall working +of nature is to be pondered.</p> + + +<h4>Of the Dogge called the water Spaniell, or finder, in Latine +<i>Aquaticus seu Inquisitor</i>.</h4> + +<p>That kinde of Dogge whose seruice is required in fowling vpon the +water, partly through a naturall towardnesse, and partly by diligent +teaching, is indued with that property. +<span class = "pagenum orig">17</span> +<a name = "trans_page17" id = "trans_page17"> </a> +This sort is somewhat bigge, and of a measurable greatnesse, hauing +long, rough, and curled heare, not obtayned by extraordinary trades, but +giuen by natures appointment, yet neuerthelesse (friend <i>Gesner</i>) I +have described and set him out in this maner, namely powlde and netted +from the shoulders to the hindermost legges, and to the end of his +tayle, which I did for vse and customs cause, that beyng as it were made +somewhat bare and naked, by shearing of +<span class = "pagenum rpt">15</span> +such superfluitie of heare, they might atchiue the more lightnesse, and +swiftnesse, and be lesse hindered in swymming, so troublesome and +needelesse a burthen being shaken of. This kinde of dogge is properly +called, <i>Aquaticus</i>, a water spaniel because he frequenteth and +hath vsual recourse to the water where all his game & exercise +lyeth, namely, waterfowles, which are taken by the helpe & seruice +of them, in their kind. And principally duckes and drakes, wherupon he +is lykewise named a dogge for the ducke, because in that quallitie he is +excellent. With these dogges also we fetche out of the water such fowle +as be stounge to death by any venemous worme, we vse them also to bring +vs our boultes & arrowes out of the water, (missing our marcke) +whereat we directed our leuell, which otherwise we should hardly +recouer, and oftentimes they restore to vs our shaftes which we thought +neuer to see, touche or handle againe, after they were lost, for which +circumstaunces they are called <i>Inquisitores</i>, searchers, and +finders. Although the ducke otherwhiles notably deceaueth both the dogge +and the master, by dyuing vnder the water, and also by naturall +subtilty, for if any man shall approche to the place where they builde, +breede, and syt, the hennes go out of their neastes, offering themselues +voluntarily to the hãds, as it were, of such as draw nie their neasts. +And a certaine weaknesse of their winges pretended, and infirmitie of +their feete dissembled, they go so slowely and so leasurely, that to a +mans thinking it were no masteryes to take them. By which deceiptfull +tricke they doe as it were +<span class = "pagenum orig">18</span> +<a name = "trans_page18" id = "trans_page18"> </a> +entyse and allure men to follow them, till they be drawne a long +distaunce from theyr neastes, which being compassed by their prouident +conning, or conning prouidence, they cut of all inconueniences which +might growe of their returne, by using many carefull and curious +caueates, least theyr often haunting bewray y<sup>e</sup> place where +the young ducklings be hatched. Great therfore is theyr desire, & +earnest is theyr study to take heede, not only to theyr broode but also +to themselues. For when they haue an ynckling that they are espied they +hide themselues vnder turfes or sedges, wherwith they couer and shrowde +themselues so closely and so craftely, +<span class = "pagenum rpt">16</span> +that (notwithstanding the place where they lurcke be found and perfectly +perceaued) there they will harbour without harme, except the water +spaniell by quicke smelling discouer theyr deceiptes.</p> + + +<h4>Of the Dogge called the Fisher, in Latine <i>Canis +Piscator</i>.</h4> + +<p>The Dogge called the fisher, wherof <i>Hector Boethus</i> writeth, +which seeketh for fishe by smelling among rockes & stones, assuredly +I knowe none of that kinde in Englande, neither haue I receaued by +reporte that there is any suche, albeit I haue bene diligent & busie +in demaunding the question as well of fishermen, as also of huntesmen in +that behalfe being carefull and earnest to learne and vnderstand of them +if any such were, except you holde opinion that the beauer or Otter is a +fishe (as many haue beleeued) & according to their beliefe affirmed, +and as the birde <i>Pupine</i>, is thought to be a fishe and so +accounted. But that kinde of dogge which followeth the fishe to +apprehend and take it (if there bee any of that disposition and +property) whether they do this for the game of hunting, or for the heate +of hunger, as other Dogges do which rather then they wil be famished for +want of foode, couet the carckases of carrion and putrifyed fleshe. When +I am fully resolued and disburthened of this doubt I wil send you +certificate in writing. In the meane season I am not ignorant of that +both Ælianus, and Ælius, call the Beauer +<span class = "pagenum orig">19</span> +<a name = "trans_page19" id = "trans_page19"> </a> +<span class = "greek" title = "kuna potamion [misprinted as κὐναποτάμιον]">κύνα ποτάμιον</span> a water dogge, or a dogge fishe, I +know likewise thus much more, that the Beauer doth participate this +propertie with the dogge, namely, that when fishes be scarse they leaue +the water and raunge vp and downe the lande, making an insatiable +slaughter of young lambes vntil theyr paunches be replenished, and whẽ +they haue fed themselues full of fleshe, then returne they to the water, +from whence they came. But albeit so much be graunted that this Beauer +is a dogge, yet it is to be noted that we recken it not in the beadrowe +of Englishe dogges as we haue done the rest. The sea Calfe, in +<span class = "pagenum rpt">17</span> +like maner, which our country mẽ for breuitie sake call a Seele, other +more largely name a <i>Sea Vele</i>, maketh a spoyle of fishes betweene +rockes and banckes, but it is not accounted in the catalogue or nũber of +our Englishe dogges, notwithstanding we call it by the name of a Sea +dogge or a sea Calfe. And thus much for our dogges of the second sort +called in Latine <i>Aucupatorij</i>, seruing to take fowle either by +land or water.</p> + + +<h4>¶ A Diall pertaining to the<br> +<i>second Section</i>.</h4> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td class = "fourright"> +Dogges<br> +seruing the<br> +disport of<br> +fowling. +</td> +<td class = "fourleft"> +are<br> +diuided<br> +into +</td> +<td class = "fourright"> +Land spaniels<br> +Setters +<p>Water spaniels<br> +or finders.</p> +</td> +<td class = "fourleft"> +called<br> +in latine<br> +<i>Canes<br> +Aucupatorij</i> +</td> +<td> +The fisher<br> +is not of<br> +their number,<br> +but seuerall. +</td> +</tr> +</table> + + +<span class = "pagenum rpt">18</span> +<span class = "pagenum orig">20</span> +<a name = "trans_page20" id = "trans_page20"> </a> +<h3><a name = "trans_delic" id = "trans_delic"> +The thirde Section of this</a><br> +<i>abridgement</i>.</h3> + +<p>Nowe followeth in due order and conuenient place our Englishe Dogges +of the thirde gentle kinde, what they are called to what vse they serue, +and what sort of people plant their pleasure in thẽ, which because they +neede no curious canuassing and nye syfting, wee meane to bee so much +the briefer.</p> + +<h4>Of the delicate, neate, and pretty kind of dogges<br> +called the Spaniel gentle, or the comforter,<br> +in Latine <i>Melitæus<br> +or Fotor</i>.</h4> + +<p>There is, besides those which wee haue already deliuered, another +sort of gentle dogges in this our Englishe soyle but exempted from the +order of the residue, the Dogges of this kinde doth <i>Callimachus</i> +call <i>Melitæos</i>, of the Iseland <i>Melita</i>, in the sea of +<i>Sicily</i>, (what at this day is named <i>Malta</i>, an Iseland in +deede, famous and renoumed, with couragious and puisaunt souldiours +valliauntly fighting vnder the banner of Christ their vnconquerable +captaine) where this kind of dogges had their principall beginning.</p> + +<p>These dogges are litle, pretty, proper, and fyne, and sought for to +satisfie the delicatenesse of daintie dames, and wanton womens wills, +instrumentes of folly for them to play and dally withall, to tryfle away +the treasure of time, to withdraw their mindes from more commendable +exercises, and to content +<span class = "pagenum orig">21</span> +<a name = "trans_page21" id = "trans_page21"> </a> +their corrupted concupiscences with vaine disport (A selly shift to +shunne yrcksome ydlnesse.) These puppies the smaller they be, the more +pleasure they prouoke, as more +<span class = "pagenum rpt">19</span> +meete play fellowes for minsing mistrisses to beare in their bosoms, to +keepe company withal in their chambers, to succour with sleepe in bed, +and nourishe with meate at bourde, to lay in their lappes, and licke +their lippes as they ryde in their waggons, and good reason it should be +so, for coursnesse with fynenesse hath no fellowship, but featnesse with +neatenesse hath neighbourhood enough. That plausible prouerbe verified +vpon a Tyraunt, namely that he loued his sowe better then his sonne, may +well be applyed to these kinde of people who delight more in dogges that +are depriued of all possibility of reason, then they doe in children +that be capeable of wisedome and iudgement. But this abuse peraduenture +raigneth where there hath bene long lacke of issue, or else where +barrennes is the best blossome of bewty.</p> + + +<h4>The vertue which remaineth in the Spainell gentle otherwise called +the comforter.</h4> + +<p>Notwithstanding many make much of those pretty puppies called +Spaniels gentle, yet if the question were demaunded what propertie in +them they spye, which shoulde make them so acceptable and precious in +their sight, I doubt their aunswere would be long a coyning. But seeing +it was our intent to trauaile in this treatise, so that y<sup>e</sup> +reader might reape some benefite by his reading, we will communicate +vnto you such coniectures as are grounded upon reason. And though some +suppose that such dogges are fyt for no seruice, I dare say, by their +leaues, they be in a wrong boxe. Among all other qualities therfore of +nature, which be knowne (for some conditions are couered with continuall +and thicke clouds, that the eye of our capacities can not pearse through +thẽ) we +<span class = "pagenum orig">22</span> +<a name = "trans_page22" id = "trans_page22"> </a> +find that these litle dogs are good to asswage the sicknesse of the +stomacke being oftentimes thervnto applyed as a plaster preseruatiue, or +borne in the bosom of the diseased and weake person, which effect is +performed by theyr moderate heate. Moreouer the disease and sicknesse +chaungeth his place and entreth (though it be not precisely marcked) +into +<span class = "pagenum rpt">20</span> +the dogge, which to be no vntruth, experience can testify, for these +kinde of dogges sometimes fall sicke, and sometime die, without any +harme outwardly inforced, which is an argument that the disease of the +gentleman, or gentle woman or owner whatsoeuer, entreth into the dogge +by the operation of heate intermingled and infected. And thus haue I +hetherto handled dogges of a gentle kinde whom I haue comprehended in a +triple diuisiõ. Now it remaineth that I annex in due order such dogges +as be of a more homely kinde.</p> + + +<h4>A Diall pertaining to the<br> +<i>thirde Section</i>.</h4> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td class = "fourright"> +In the third<br> +section is<br> +cõtained<br> +one kind of<br> +dog which is<br> +called the +</td> +<td class = "fourleft"> +Spaniell<br> +gentle<br> +or the<br> +cõforter, +</td> +<td class = "fourright"> +It is<br> +also<br> +called +</td> +<td class = "fourleft"> +<p>A chamber cõpanion,</p> +<p>A pleasaunt playfellow,</p> +<p>A pretty worme,</p> +</td> +<td> +generally<br> +called<br> +<i>Canis<br> +delicatus</i>. +</td> +</tr> +</table> + + +<span class = "pagenum rpt">21</span> + +<span class = "pagenum orig">23</span> +<a name = "trans_page23" id = "trans_page23"> </a> +<h3><a name = "trans_rustic" id = "trans_rustic"> +The fourth Section of this</a><br> +<i>discourse</i>.</h3> + +<h4>Dogges of a course kind seruing for many necessary<br> +vses called in Latine <i>Canes rustici</i>, and first of<br> +the shepherds dogge called in Latine<br> +<i>Canis Pastoralis</i>.</h4> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td class = "threeright"> +Dogges of<br> +the courser<br> +sort are +</td> +<td class = "threeleft"> +<p>The shepherds dogge</p> +<p>The mastiue or Bandogge.</p> +</td> +<td> +These two are<br> +the principall. +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>The first kinde, namely the shepherds hounde is very necessarye and +profitable for the auoyding of harmes and inconueniences which may come +to men by the meanes of beastes. The second sort serue to succour +against the snares and attemptes of mischiefous men. Our shepherdes +dogge is not huge, vaste, and bigge, but of an indifferent stature and +growth, because it hath not to deale with the bloudthyrsty wolf, +sythence there be none in England, which happy and fortunate benefite is +to be ascribed to the puisaunt Prince <i>Edgar</i>, who to thintent +y<sup>t</sup> the whole countrey myght be euacuated and quite cleered +from wolfes, charged & commaunded the welshemẽ (who were pestered +with these butcherly beastes aboue measure) to paye him yearely tribute +which was (note the wisedome of the King) three hundred Wolfes. Some +there be which write that <i>Ludwall</i> Prince of Wales paide yeerely +to King <i>Edgar</i> three hundred wolfes in the name of an exaction (as +we haue sayd before.) And that by the meanes hereof, within the compasse +and tearme of +<span class = "pagenum orig">24</span> +<a name = "trans_page24" id = "trans_page24"> </a> +foure yeares, none of those noysome, and pestilent Beastes were left in +the coastes of England and Wales. This <i>Edgar</i> +<span class = "pagenum rpt">22</span> +wore the Crowne royall, and bare the Scepter imperiall of this kingdome, +about the yeere of our Lorde, nyne hundred fifty, nyne. Synce which time +we reede that no Wolfe hath bene seene in England, bred within the +bounds and borders of this countrey, mary there have bene diuers brought +ouer from beyonde the seas, for greedynesse of gaine and to make money, +for gasing and gaping, staring, and standing to see them, being a +straunge beast, rare, and seldom seene in England. But to returne to our +shepherds dogge. This dogge either at the hearing of his masters voyce, +or at the wagging and whisteling in his fist, or at his shrill and horse +hissing bringeth the wandring weathers and straying sheepe, into the +selfe same place where his masters will and wishe is to haue thẽ, wherby +the shepherd reapeth this benefite, namely, that with litle labour and +no toyle or mouing of his feete he may rule and guide his flocke, +according to his owne desire, either to haue them go forward, or to +stand still, or to drawe backward, or to turne this way, or to take that +way. For it is not in Englande, as it is in <i>Fraunce</i>, as it is in +<i>Flaunders</i>, as it is in <i>Syria</i>, as it in <i>Tartaria</i>, +where the sheepe follow the shepherd, for heere in our country the +sheepherd followeth the sheepe. And somtimes the straying sheepe, when +no dogge runneth before them, nor goeth about & beside them, gather +themselues together in a flocke, when they heere the sheepherd whistle +in his fist, for feare of the Dogge (as I imagine) remembring this (if +vnreasonable creatures may be reported to haue memory) that the Dogge +commonly runneth out at his masters warrant which is his whistle. This +haue we oftentimes diligently marcked in taking our journey from towne +to towne, when wee haue hard a sheepherd whistle we haue rayned in our +horse and stoode styll a space, to see the proofe and triall of this +matter. Furthermore with this dogge doth the sheepherd take sheepe for +y<sup>e</sup> slaughter, and to be +<span class = "pagenum orig">25</span> +<a name = "trans_page25" id = "trans_page25"> </a> +healed if they be sicke, no hurt or harme in the world done to the +simple creature.</p> + + +<span class = "pagenum rpt">23</span> +<h4>Of the mastiue or Bandogge called in Latine <i>Villaticus</i> or +<i>Cathenarius</i>.</h4> + +<p>This kinde of Dogge called a mastyue or Bandogge is vaste, huge, +stubborne, ougly, and eager, of a heuy and burthenous body, and therfore +but of litle swiftnesse, terrible, and frightfull to beholde, and more +fearce and fell then any <i>Arcadian</i> curre (notwithstãding they are +sayd to <ins class = "mycorr" title = "printed as shown: error for ‘haue’">ha<i>n</i>e</ins> their generation of the violent Lyon.) They +are called <i>Villatici</i>, because they are appoynted to watche and +keepe farme places and coũtry cotages sequestred from commõ recourse, +and not abutting vpon other houses by reason of distaunce, when there is +any feare conceaued of theefes, robbers, spoylers, and night wanderers. +They are seruiceable against the Foxe and the Badger, to drive wilde and +tame swyne out of Medowes, pastures, glebelandes and places planted with +fruite, to bayte and take the bull by the eare, when occasion so +requireth. One dogge or two at the vttermost, sufficient for that +purpose be the bull neuer so monsterous, neuer so fearce, neuer so +furious, neuer so stearne, neuer so vntameable. For it is a kinde of +dogge capeable of courage, violent and valiaunt, striking could feare +into the harts of men, but standing in feare of no man, in so much that +no weapons will make him shrincke, nor abridge his boldnes. Our Englishe +men (to th’ intent that theyr dogges might be the more fell and fearce) +assist nature with arte, vse, and custome, for they teach theyr dogges +to baite the Beare, to baite the Bull and other such like cruell and +bloudy beastes (appointing an ouerseer of the game) without any collar +to defend theyr throtes, and oftentimes they traine them vp in fighting +and wrestling with a man hauing for the safegarde of his lyfe, eyther a +Pikestaffe, a +<span class = "pagenum orig">26</span> +<a name = "trans_page26" id = "trans_page26"> </a> +clubbe, or a sworde and by vsing them to such exercises as these, theyr +dogges become more sturdy and strong. The force which is in them +surmounteth all beleefe, the fast holde which they take with their teeth +exceedeth all credit, three of them against a Beare, fowre against a +Lyon are sufficient, both to try masteryes with them and vtterly to +ouermatch +<span class = "pagenum rpt">24</span> +them. Which thing <i>Henry</i> the seuenth of that name, King of England +(a Prince both politique & warlike) perceauing on a certaine time +(as the report runneth) commaunded all such dogges (how many soeuer they +were in number) should be hanged, beyng deepely displeased, and +conceauing great disdaine, that an yll fauoured rascall curre should +with such violent villany, assault the valiaunt Lyon king of all +beastes. An example for all subiectes worthy remembraunce, to admonishe +them that it is no aduantage to them to rebell against y<sup>e</sup> +regiment of their ruler, but to keepe them within the limits of +Loyaltie. I reede an history aunswerable to this of the selfe same +<i>Henry</i>, who hauing a notable and an excellent fayre Falcon, it +fortuned that the kings Falconers, in the presence and hearing of his +grace, highly commended his Maiesties Falcon, saying that it feared not +to intermeddle with an Eagle, it was so venturous a byrde and so mighty, +which when the King harde, he charged that the Falcon should be killed +without delay, for the selfe same reason (as it may seeme) which was +rehersed in the cõclusion of the former history concerning the same +king. This dogge is called, in like maner, <i>Cathenarius</i>, <i>a +Cathena</i>, of the chaine wherwith he is tyed at the gates, in +y<sup>e</sup> day time, least beyng lose he should doe much mischiefe +and yet might giue occasion of feare and terror by his bigge barcking. +And albeit <i>Cicero</i><a class = "tag" name = "tagAe" id = "tagAe" +href = "#cicero">A</a> in his oration had <i>Pro. S. Ross.</i> be of +this opinion, that such Dogges as barcke in the broade day light shoulde +haue their legges broken, yet our countrymen, on this side the seas for +their carelessnes of lyfe setting all at cinque and sice, are of a +contrary iudgement. For theefes roge vp & down in euery corner, no +place is free from them, no not y<sup>e</sup> princes pallace, +<span class = "pagenum orig">27</span> +<a name = "trans_page27" id = "trans_page27"> </a> +nor the country mans cotage. In the day time they practise pilfering, +picking, open robbing, and priuy stealing, and what legerdemaine lacke +they? not fearing the shamefull and horrible death of hanging. The cause +of which inconuenience doth not onely issue from nipping neede & +wringing want, for all y<sup>t</sup> steale, are not pinched with +pouerty, but som steale to maintaine their excessiue and prodigall +expences in apparell, their lewdnes of lyfe, their hautines of hart, +theyr wantonnes +<span class = "pagenum rpt">25</span> +of maners, theyr wilfull ydlenes, their ambitious brauery, and the pryde +of the sawcy <i>Salacones’</i> <span class = "greek" title = +"megalorrhountôn [misprinted μεγαλὄρροῦντων]">μεγαλορρούντων</span> +vaine glorious and arrogant in behauiour, whose delight dependeth wholly +to mount nimbly on horsebacke, to make them leape lustely, spring and +praunce, galloppe and amble, to runne a race, to wynde in compasse, and +so forthe, liuing all together vpon the fatnesse of the spoyle. Othersom +therbe which steale, being thereto prouoked by penury & neede, like +masterlesse mẽ applying themselues to no honest trade, but raunging vp +and downe impudently begging, and complayning of bodily weakenesse where +is no want of abilitie. But valiaunt <i>Valentine</i> th’emperour, by +holsome lawes prouided that suche as hauing no corporall sicknesse, +solde themselues to begging, pleded pouerty wyth pretended infirmitie, +& cloaked their ydle and slouthfull life with colourable shifts and +cloudy cossening, should be a perpetuall slaue and drudge to him, by +whom their impudent ydlenes was bewrayed, and layde against them in +publique place, least the insufferable slouthfullnes of such vagabondes +should be burthenous to the people, or being so hatefull and odious, +should growe into an example. <i>Alfredus</i> likewise in the gouernment +of his common wealth, procured such increase of credite to Justice and +vpright dealing by his prudent actes and statutes, that if a mã +trauailing by the hygh way of the countrey vnder his dominion, chaunced +to lose a budget full of gold, or his capcase farsed with things of +great value, late in the euening, he should finde it where +<span class = "pagenum orig">28</span> +<a name = "trans_page28" id = "trans_page28"> </a> +he lost it, safe, sound, and vntouched the next morning, yea (which is a +wonder) at any time for a whole monethes space if he sought for it, as +<i>Ingulphus Croyladensis</i> in his History recordeth. But in this our +vnhappy age, in these (I say) our deuelishe dayes nothing can scape +the clawes of the spoyler, though it be kept neuer so sure within the +house, albe it the doores bee lockt and boulted round about. This dogge +in like maner of <ins class = "mycorr" title = "text reads ‘Grecians’"><i>Græcians</i></ins> is called <span class = "greek" title += "oikouros">οἰκουρος</span><ins class = "mycorr" title = ". missing">. </ins></p> + + +<span class = "pagenum rpt">26</span> +<h4>Of the latinists <i>Canis <ins class = "authcorr" title = "corrected by author from ‘Cultos’">Custos</ins></i>, in Englishe the Dogge +keeper.</h4> + +<p>Borrowing his name of his seruire, for he doth not onely keepe +farmers houses, but also merchaunts maisons, wherin great wealth, +riches, substaunce, and costly stuffe is reposed. And therfore were +certaine dogges founde and maintained at the common costes and charges +of the Citizens of <i>Rome</i> in the place called <i>Capitolium</i>, to +giue warning of theefes comming. This kind of dogge, is also called,</p> + + +<h4>In latine <i>Canis Laniarius</i> in Englishe the Butchers +Dogge.</h4> + +<p>So called for the necessity of his vse, for his seruice affoordeth +great benefite to the Butcher as well in following as in taking his +cattell when neede constraineth, vrgeth, and requireth. This kinde of +dogge is likewise called,</p> + + +<h4>In latine <i>Molossicus</i> or <i>Molossus</i>.</h4> + +<p>After the name of a countrey in <i>Epirus</i> called <i>Molossia</i>, +which harboureth many stoute, stronge, and sturdy Dogges of this sort, +for the dogges of that countrey are good in deede, or else their is no +trust to be had in the testimonie of writers. This dogge is also +called,</p> + + +<h4>In latine <i>Canis Mandatarius</i> a Dogge messinger or +Carrier.</h4> + +<p>Upon substanciall consideration, because at his masters voyce and +commaundement, he carrieth letters from place to place, wrapped vp +cunningly in his lether collar, fastened therto, or sowed close therin, +who, least he should be hindered in his passage vseth these helpes very +skilfully, namely resistaunce +<span class = "pagenum orig">29</span> +<a name = "trans_page29" id = "trans_page29"> </a> +in fighting if he be not ouermatched, or else swiftnesse +<span class = "pagenum rpt">27</span> +& readinesse in running away, if he be vnable to buckle with the +dogge that would faine haue a snatch at his skinne. This kinde of dogge +is likewise called,</p> + + +<h4>In latine <i>Canis Lunarius</i>, in Englishe the Mooner.</h4> + +<p>Because he doth nothing else but watch and warde at an ynche, wasting +the wearisome night season without slombering or sleeping, bawing & +wawing at the Moone (that I may vse the word of <i>Nonius</i>) +a qualitie in mine opinion straunge to consider. This kinde of +dogge is also called.</p> + + +<h4>In latine <i>Aquarius</i> in Englishe a water drawer.</h4> + +<p>And these be of the greater and the waighter sort drawing water out +of wells and deepe pittes, by a wheele which they turne rounde about by +the mouing of their burthenous bodies. This kinde of dogge is called in +like maner.</p> + + +<h4><i>Canis Sarcinarius</i> in Latine, and may aptly be englished a +Tynckers Curre.</h4> + +<p>Because with marueilous pacience they beare bigge budgettes fraught +with Tinckers tooles, and mettall meete to mend kettels, porrige pottes, +skellets, and chafers, and other such like trumpery requisite for their +occupacion and loytering trade, easing him of a great burthen which +otherwise he himselfe should carry vpon his shoulders, which condition +hath challenged vnto them the foresaid name. Besides the qualities which +we haue already recounted, this kind of dogges hath this principall +property ingrafted in them, that they loue their masters liberally, and +hate straungers despightfully, wherevpon it followeth that they are to +their masters, in traueiling a singuler safgard, defending them +forceably from the inuasion of villons and theefes, preseruing their +lyfes from losse, and their health from hassard, theyr +<span class = "pagenum rpt">28</span> +fleshe from hacking and hewing with such like desperate daungers. For +which consideration they are meritoriously +<span class = "pagenum orig">30</span> +<a name = "trans_page30" id = "trans_page30"> </a> +tearmed,</p> + + +<h4>In Latine <i>Canes defensores</i> defending dogges in our mother +tounge.</h4> + +<p>If it chaunce that the master bee oppressed, either by a multitude, +or by the greater violence & so be beaten downe that he lye +groueling on the grounde, (it is proued true by experience) that this +Dogge forsaketh not his master, no not when he is starcke deade: But +induring the force of famishment and the outragious tempestes of the +weather, most vigilantly watcheth and carefully keepeth the deade +carkasse many dayes, indeuouring, furthermore, to kil the murtherer of +his master, if he may get any aduantage. Or else by barcking, by +howling, by furious iarring, snarring, and such like meanes betrayeth +the malefactour as desirous to haue the death of his aforesayde Master +rigorouslye reuenged. <ins class = "mycorr" title = "text reads ‘And’">An</ins> example hereof fortuned within the compasse of my +memory. The Dogge of a certaine wayefaring man trauailing from the Citie +of London directly to the Towne of Kingstone (most famous and renowned +by reason of the triumphant coronation of eight seuerall Kings) passing +ouer a good portion of his iourney was assaulted and set vpon by +certaine confederate theefes laying in waight for the spoyle in +<i>Comeparcke</i>, a perillous bottom, compassed about wyth woddes +to well knowne for the manyfolde murders & mischeefeous robberies +theyr committed. Into whose handes this passinger chaunced to fall, so +that his ill lucke cost him the price of his lyfe. And that Dogge whose +syer was Englishe (which <i>Blondus</i> registreth to haue bene within +the banckes of his remẽbrance) manifestly perceauyng that his Master was +murthered (this chaunced not farre from <i>Paris</i>) by the handes of +one which was a suiter to the same womã, whom he was a wooer vnto, dyd +both bewraye the bloudy butcher, and attempted to teare out the villons +throate if he had not sought meanes to auoyde the reuenging rage of the +Dogge. In fyers also which fortune in the silence +<span class = "pagenum rpt">29</span> +<span class = "pagenum orig">31</span> +<a name = "trans_page31" id = "trans_page31"> </a> +and dead time of the night, or in stormy weather of the sayde season, +the older dogges barcke, ball, howle, and yell (yea notwithstandyng they +bee roughly rated) neyther will they stay their tounges till the +householde seruauntes, awake, ryse, searche, and see the burning of the +fyre, which beyng perceaued they vse voluntary silence, and cease from +yolping. This hath bene, and is founde true by tryall, in sundry partes +of England. There was no faynting faith in that Dogge, which when his +Master by a mischaunce in hunting stumbled and fell toppling downe a +deepe dytche beyng vnable to recouer of himselfe, the Dogge signifying +his masters mishappe, reskue came, and he was hayled up by a rope, whom +the Dogge seeyng almost drawne up to the edge of the dytche, cheerefully +saluted, leaping and skipping vpon his master as though he woulde haue +imbraced hym, beyng glad of his presence, whose longer absence he was +lothe to lacke. Some Dogges there be, which will not suffer fyery coales +to lye skattered about the hearthe, but with their pawes wil rake up the +burnyng coales, musying and studying fyrst with themselues how it myght +conueniently be done. And if so bee that the coales cast to great a +heate then will they buyry them in ashes and so remoue them forwarde to +a fyt place wyth theyr noses. Other Dogges bee there which exequute the +office of a Farmer in the nyghte tyme. For when his master goeth to +bedde to take his naturall sleepe, And when,</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>A hundred barres of brasse and yron boltes,</p> +<p>Make all things safe from startes and from reuoltes.</p> +<p>VVhen Ianus keepes the gate with Argos eye,</p> +<p>That daungers none approch, ne mischiefes nye.</p> +</div> + +<p>As Virgill vaunteth in his verses, Then if his master byddeth him go +abroade, he lingereth not, but raungeth ouer all his lands lying there +about, more diligently, I wys, then any farmer himselfe. And if he finde +anything their that is straunge and pertaining to other persons besides +his master, +<span class = "pagenum orig">32</span> +<a name = "trans_page32" id = "trans_page32"> </a> +whether it be man, woman, or beast, he driueth them out of the ground, +not medling with any thing which doth belong to the possession and vse +of his master. But how much faythfulnes, so much diuersitie there is in +their natures,</p> + + +<span class = "pagenum rpt">30</span> +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td class = "threeright"> +For there<br> +be some, +</td> +<td> +<p>Which barcke only with free and open throate but will not bite,</p> +<p>Which doe both barcke and byte,</p> +<p>Which bite bitterly before they barcke,</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>The first are not greatly to be feared, because they themselues are +fearefull, and fearefull dogges (as the prouerbe importeth) barcke most +vehemently.</p> + +<p>The second are daungerous, it is wisedome to take heede of them +because they sounde, as it were, an <i>Alarum</i> of an afterclappe, and +these dogges must not be ouer much moued or prouoked, for then they take +on outragiously as if they were madde, watching to set the print of +their teeth in the fleshe. And these kinde of dogges are fearce and +eager by nature.</p> + +<p>The thirde are deadly, for they flye upon a man, without vtteraunce +of voyce, snatch at him, and catche him by the throate, and most cruelly +byte out colloppes of fleashe. Feare these kind of Curres, (if thou be +wise and circumspect about thine owne safetie) for they bee stoute and +stubberne dogges, and set vpon a man at a sodden vnwares. By these +signes and tokens, by these notes and argumentes our men discerne the +cowardly curre from the couragious dogge the bolde from the fearefull, +the butcherly from the gentle and tractable. Moreouer they coniecture +that a whelpe of an yll kinde is not worthe the keeping and that no +dogge can serue the sundry vses of men so aptly and so conueniently as +this sort of whom we haue so largely written already. For if any be +disposed to drawe the aboue named seruices into a table, what mã more +clearely, and with more vehemency of voyce giueth warning eyther of a +wastefull beast, or of a spoiling theefe then this? who by his barcking +(as good as a burning beacon) +<span class = "pagenum orig">33</span> +<a name = "trans_page33" id = "trans_page33"> </a> +foreshoweth hassards at hand? What maner of beast stronger? what seruaũt +to his master more louing? what companion more trustie? what watchman +more vigilant? what reuenger more constant? what messinger more speedie? +what water bearer more painefull? Finally what packhorse more patient? +And thus much concerning English Dogges, first of the gentle kinde, +secondly of the courser kinde. Nowe it remaineth that +<span class = "pagenum rpt">31</span> +we deliuer vnto you the Dogges of a mungrell or a currishe kinde, and +then will wee perfourme our taske.</p> + + +<h4>¶ A Diall pertaining to the<br> +<i>fourth Section</i>.</h4> + +<table class = "bracket close" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td class = "righttop"> </td> +<td></td> +<td class = "lefttop"> </td> +<td class = "righttop"> </td> +<td> +<p>The keeper or watch man</p> +</td> +<td class = "lefttop"> </td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "rightline"> +Dogs comprehended<br> +in y<sup>e</sup> fourth <ins class = "mycorr" title = "text reads ‘secion’">section</ins><br> +are these +</td> +<td> +<p>The shepherds dogge</p> +<p>The Mastiue or Bandogge,</p> +</td> +<td class = "leftline"> +which hath<br> +sundry names<br> +diriued frõ<br> +sundry<br> +circũstances as +</td> +<td class = "rightline"> </td> +<td> +<p>The butchers dogge</p> +<p>The messinger or carrier</p> +<p>The Mooner</p> +<p>The water drawer</p> +</td> +<td class = "leftline"> +called<br> +in Latine<br> +<i>Canes<br> +Rustici</i>. +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "rightbottom"> </td> +<td> </td> +<td class = "leftbottom"> </td> +<td class = "rightbottom"> </td> +<td> +<p>The Tinckers curr</p> +<p>The fencer,</p> +</td> +<td class = "leftbottom"> </td> +</tr> +</table> + + +<span class = "pagenum rpt">32</span> + +<span class = "pagenum orig">34</span> +<a name = "trans_page34" id = "trans_page34"> </a> +<h3><a name = "trans_degen" id = "trans_degen"> +The fifth Section of this</a><br> +<i>treatise</i>.</h3> + +<h4>Containing Curres of the mungrell and rascall sort and<br> +first of the Dogge called in Latine, <i>Admonitor</i>,<br> +and of vs in Englishe VVappe<br> +or VVarner.</h4> + +<p>Of such dogges as keepe not their kinde, of such as are mingled out +of sundry sortes not imitating the conditions of some one certaine +spice, because they resẽble no notable shape, nor exercise any worthy +property of the true perfect and gentle kind, it is not necessarye that +I write any more of them, but to banishe them as vnprofitable +implements, out of the boundes of my Booke, vnprofitable I say for any +vse that is commendable, except to intertaine straũgers with their +barcking in the day time, giuyng warnyng to them of the house, that such +& such be newly come, wherevpon we call them admonishing Dogges, +because in that point they performe theyr office.</p> + + +<h4>Of the Dogge called Turnespete in Latine <i>Veruuersator</i>.</h4> + +<p>There is comprehended, vnder the curres of the coursest kinde, a +certaine dogge in kytchen seruice excellent. For whẽ any meate is to bee +roasted they go into a wheele which they turning rounde about with the +waight of their bodies, so +<span class = "pagenum orig">35</span> +<a name = "trans_page35" id = "trans_page35"> </a> +diligently looke to their businesse, that no drudge nor skullion can doe +the feate more cunningly. Whom the popular sort herevpon call +Turnespets, being the last of all those which wee haue first +mencioned.</p> + + +<span class = "pagenum rpt">33</span> +<h4>Of the Dogge called the Daunser, in Latine <i>Saltator</i> or +<i>Tympanista</i>.</h4> + +<p>There be also dogges among vs of a mungrell kind which are taught and +exercised to daunce in measure at the musicall sounde of an instrument, +as, at the iust stroke of the drombe, at the sweete accent of the +Cyterne, & tuned strings of the harmonious Harpe showing many pretty +trickes by the gesture of their bodies. As to stand bolte upright, to +lye flat vpon the grounde, to turne rounde as a ringe holding their +tailes in their teeth, to begge for theyr meate, and sundry such +properties, which they learne of theyr vagabundicall masters, whose +instrumentes they are to gather gaine, withall in Citie, Country, Towne, +and Village. As some which carry olde apes on their shoulders in +coloured iackets to moue men to laughter for a litle lucre.</p> + + +<h4>Of other Dogges, a short conclusion, wonderfully ingendred<a class = +"tag" name = "tagBe" id = "tagBe" href = "#lobster">B</a> within the +coastes of this country.</h4> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td class = "threeright"> +Three sortes<br> +of them, +</td> +<td class = "threeleft"> +<p>The first bred of a bytch and a wolfe,</p> +<p>The second of a bytche and a foxe,</p> +<p>The third of a beare and a bandogge,</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>In Latine <i>Lyciscus</i>.</p> +<p>In Latine <i>Lacæna</i>.</p> +<p>In Latine <i>Vrcanus</i>.</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>Of the first we haue none naturally bred within the borders of +England. The reason is for the want of wolfes, without whom no such +kinde of Dogge can bee ingendred. Againe +<span class = "pagenum orig">36</span> +<a name = "trans_page36" id = "trans_page36"> </a> +it is deliuered vnto thee in this discourse, how and by what meanes, by +whose benefite, and within what circuite of tyme, this country was +cleerely discharged of rauenyng wolfes, and none at all left, no, not to +the least number, or the beginnyng of a number, which is an +<i>Vnari</i>.</p> + +<p>Of the second sort we are not vtterly voyde of some, because this our +Englishe soyle is not free from foxes (for in deede we are not without a +multitude of them in so much as diuerse keepe, foster, and feede them in +their houses among +<span class = "pagenum rpt">34</span> +their houndes and dogges, eyther for some maladie of mind, or for some +sicknesse of body,) which peraduenture the savour of that subtill beast +would eyther mitigate or expell.</p> + +<p>The thirde kinde which is bred of a Beare and a Bandogge we want not +heare in England, (A straunge & wonderfull effect, that cruell +enimyes should enter into y<sup>e</sup> worke of copulation & bring +forth so sauage a curre.) Undoubtedly it is euen so as we haue reported, +for the fyery heate of theyr fleshe, or rather the pricking thorne, or +most of all, the tyckling lust of lechery, beareth such swinge and sway +in them, that there is no contrairietie for the time, but of constraint +they must ioyne to ingender. And why should not this bee consonant to +truth? why shoulde not these beastes breede in this lande, as well as in +other forreigne nations? For wee reede that Tigers and dogges in +<i>Hircania</i>, that Lyons and Dogges in <i>Arcadia</i>, and that +wolfes and dogges in <i>Francia</i>, couple and procreate. In men and +women also lyghtened with the lantarne of reason (but vtterly voide of +vertue) that foolishe, frantique, and fleshely action, (yet naturally +sealed in vs) worketh so effectuously, y<sup>t</sup> many tymes it doth +reconcile enimyes, set foes at freendship, vnanimitie, & atonement, +as <i>Moria</i> mencioneth. The <i>Vrcane</i> which is bred of a beare +and a dogge,</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>Is fearce, is fell, is stoute and stronge,</p> +<p>And byteth sore to fleshe and bone,</p> +<p>His furious force indureth longe</p> +<p>In rage he will be rul’de of none.</p> +</div> + +<p>That I may vse the wordes of the Poet <i>Gratius</i>, This +<span class = "pagenum orig">37</span> +<a name = "trans_page37" id = "trans_page37"> </a> +dogge exceedeth all other in cruell conditions, his leering and fleering +lookes, his stearne and sauage vissage, maketh him in sight feareful and +terrible, he is violent in fighting, & wheresoeuer he setteth his +tenterhooke teeth, he taketh such sure & fast hold that a man may +sooner teare and rende him in sunder, then lose him and seperate his +chappes. He passeth not for the Wolfe, the Beare, the Lyon, nor the +Bull, and may wortherly (as I thinke) be companiõ with <i>Alexanders</i> +dogge which came out of <i>India</i>. But of these, thus much, and thus +farre may seeme sufficient.</p> + + +<span class = "pagenum rpt">35</span> +<h4>A starte to outlandishe Dogges in this conclusion, not impertinent +to the Authors purpose.</h4> + +<p>Vse and custome hath intertained other dogges of an outlandishe +kinde, but a fewe and the same beyng of a pretty bygnesse, I meane +Iseland, dogges curled & rough al ouer, which by reason of the +lenght of their heare make showe neither of face nor of body. And yet +these curres, forsoothe, because they are so straunge are greatly set +by, esteemed, taken vp, and made of many times in the roome of the +Spaniell gentle or comforter. The natures of men is so moued, nay rather +marryed to nouelties without all reason, wyt, iudgement or +perseueraunce. <span class = "greek" title = "Erômen allotriôn, parorômen sungeneis">Ἐρῶμεν ἀλλοτριῶν, παρορῶμεν συγγενεῖς</span>.</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>Outlandishe toyes we take with delight,</p> +<p>Things of our owne nation we haue in despight.</p> +</div> + +<p>Which fault remaineth not in vs concerning dogges only, but for +artificers also. And why? it is to manyfest that wee disdayne and +contempne our owne workmen, be they neuer so skilfull, be they neuer so +cunning, be they neuer so excellent. A beggerly beast brought out of +barbarous borders, frõ the vttermost countryes Northward, &c., we +stare at, we gase at, we muse, we maruaile at, like an asse of +<i>Cumanum</i>, like Thales with the brasen shancks, like the man in the +Moone.</p> + +<span class = "pagenum orig">38</span> +<a name = "trans_page38" id = "trans_page38"> </a> +<p>The which default <i>Hippocrates</i> marcked when he was alyue, as +euidently appeareth in the beginnyng of his booke <span class = "greek" +title = "peri agmôn">περὶ ἀγμῶν</span>, so intituled and named:</p> + +<p>And we in our worcke entituled <i>De Ephemera <ins class = "authcorr" +title = "corrected by author from ‘Britanica’">Britannica</ins></i>, to +the people of England haue more plentifully expressed. In this kinde +looke which is most <ins class = "mycorr" title = "text reads ‘blocklishe’">blockishe</ins>, and yet most waspishe, the same is most +esteemed, and not amonge Citizens onely and iolly gentlemen, but among +lustie Lordes also, and noble men, and daintie courtier ruffling in +their ryotous ragges. Further I am not to wade in the foorde of this +discourse, because it was my purpose to satisfie your expectation with a +short treatise (most learned <i>Conrade</i>) not wearysome for me to +wryte, nor tedious for you to peruse. Among other +<span class = "pagenum rpt">36</span> +things which you haue receaued at my handes heretofore, I remember that +I wrote a seuerall description of the Getulian Dogge, because there are +but a fewe of them and therefore very seldome scene. As touching Dogges +of other kyndes you your selfe haue taken earnest paine, in writing of +them both lyuely, learnedly and largely. But because wee haue drawne +this libell more at length then the former which I sent you (and yet +briefer than the nature of the thing myght well beare) regardyng your +more earnest and necessary studdies. I will conclude makyng a rehearsall +notwithstanding (for memoryes sake) of certaine specialties contayned in +the whole body of this my breuiary. And because you participate +principall pleasure in the knowledge of the common and vsuall names of +Dogges (as I gather by the course of your letters) I suppose it not +amysse to deliuer vnto you a shorte table contayning as well the Latine +as the Englishe names, and to render a reason of euery particular +appellation, to th’intent that no scruple may remaine in this point, but +that euery thing may bee sifted to the bare bottome.</p> + + +<span class = "pagenum orig">39</span> +<a name = "trans_page39" id = "trans_page39"> </a> +<h4>A Diall pertaining to the<br> +<i>fifte Section</i>.</h4> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td class = "threeright"> +Dogges contained<br> +in this last<br> +Diall or Table are +</td> +<td class = "threeleft"> +<p>The wapp or warner,</p> +<p>The Turnespet,</p> +<p>The dauncer,</p> +</td> +<td> +called in Latine <ins class = "mycorr" title = "shown as printed: apparent error for ‘Degeneres’"><i>Canes Rustici</i></ins> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + + + +<span class = "pagenum rpt">37</span> +<h3><a name = "trans_names" id = "trans_names"> +A Supplement or Addition, contai-</a><br> +ning a demonstration of Dogges<br> +<span class = "smaller">names how they had their<br> +Originall.</span></h3> + +<p>The names contayned in the generall table, for so much as they +signifie nothing to you being a straunger, and ignoraunt of the Englishe +tounge, except they be interpreted: As we haue giuen a reason before of +y<sup>e</sup> latine words so meane we to doe no lesse of the Englishe +that euery thing maye be manyfest vnto your vnderstanding. Wherein I +intende to obserue the same order which I haue followed before.</p> + + +<h4>The names of such Dogges as be contained in the first section.</h4> + +<p><i>Sagax</i>, in Englishe Hunde, is deriued of our English word +<span class = "pagenum orig">40</span> +<a name = "trans_page40" id = "trans_page40"> </a> +hunte. One letter chaunged in another, namely, T, into D, as Hunt, +Hunde, whom <ins class = "mycorr" title = "parenthesis in original">(if</ins> you coniecture to be so named of your country worde +<i>Hunde</i> which signifieth the generall name Dogge, because of the +similitude and likenesse of the wordes I will not stand in contradiction +(friende <i>Gesner</i>) for so much as we retaine among vs at this day +many Dutche wordes which the <i>Saxons</i> left at such time as they +occupyed this country of Britane. Thus much also vnderstand, that as in +your language <i>Hunde</i> is the common word, so in our naturall tounge +dogge is the vniuersall, but <i>Hunde</i> is perticuler and a speciall, +for it signifieth such a dogge onely as serueth to hunt, and therfore it +is called a hunde.</p> + + +<h4>Of the Gasehounde.</h4> + +<p>The Gasehounde called in latine <i>Agasæus</i>, hath his name of the +sharpenesse and stedfastnesse of his eyesight. By which vertue he +compasseth that which otherwise he cannot by +<span class = "pagenum rpt">38</span> +smelling attaine. As we haue made former relation, for to gase is +earnestly to viewe and beholde, from whence floweth the deriuation of +this dogges name.</p> + + +<h4>Of the Grehounde.</h4> + +<p>The Grehounde called <i>Leporarius</i>, hath his name of this word, +Gre, which word soundeth, <i>Gradus</i> in latine, in Englishe degree. +Because among all dogges these are the most principall, occupying the +chiefest place, and being simply and absolutely the best of the gentle +kinde of houndes.</p> + + +<h4>Of the <ins class = "mycorr" title = "text reads ‘Leuyuer’">Leuyner</ins> or the Lyemmer.</h4> + +<p>This dogge is called a Leuyner, for his lyghtnesse, which in latine +soundeth <i>Leuitas</i>, Or a Lyemmer which worde is borrowed of Lyemme, +which the latinists name <i>Lorum</i>: and wherefore we call him a +Leuyner of this worde <i>Leuitas</i>? (as we doe many things besides) +why we deriue and drawe a thousand of our tearmes, out of the +<i>Greeke</i>, the <i>Latine</i>, the <i>Italian</i>, the <i>Dutch</i>, +the <i>French</i>, and the <i>Spanishe</i> tounge? (Out of which +fountaines in deede, they had their originall issue.) How many words are +buryed in the graue of forgetfulnes? growne out of vse? wrested awrye? +and peruersly corrupted by diuers +<span class = "pagenum orig">41</span> +<a name = "trans_page41" id = "trans_page41"> </a> +defaultes? we wil declare at large in our booke intituled, <i>Symphonia +vocum Britannicarum</i>.</p> + + +<h4>Of the Tumbler.</h4> + +<p>Among houndes the Tumbler called in latine <i>Vertagus</i>, is the +last, which commeth of this worde Tumbler flowyng first of al out of the +French fountaine. For as we say Tumble so they, <i>Tumbier</i>, +reseruing one sense and signification, which the latinists comprehende +vnder this worde <i>Vertere</i>, So that we see thus much, that Tumbler +commeth of <i>Tumbier</i>, the vowell, I, chaunged into the +<i>Liquid</i>, L, after y<sup>e</sup> maner of our speache. Contrary to +the French and the Italian tounge. In which two languages, A +<i>Liquid</i> before a <i>Vowell</i> for the most part is +<span class = "pagenum rpt">39</span> +turned into another <i>Vowell</i>, As, may be perceaued in the example +of these two wordes, <i>Implere</i> & <i>plano</i>, for +<i>Impiere</i> & <i>piano</i>, L, before, E, chaunged into, I, and +L, before A, turned into I, also. This I thought conuenient for a +taste.</p> + + +<h4>The names of such Dogges as be contained in the second Section.</h4> + +<p>After such as serue for hunting orderly doe follow such as serue for +hawking and fowling, Among which the principall and chiefest is the +Spaniell, called in Latine <i>Hispaniolus</i>, borrowing his name of +<i>Hispania</i> Spaine, wherein wee Englishe men not pronouncing the +Aspiration H, Nor the <i>Vowell</i> I, for quicknesse and redinesse of +speach say roundly A Spaniell.</p> + + +<h4>Of the Setter.</h4> + +<p>The second sort of this second diuision and second section, is called +a Setter, in latine <i>Index</i>, Of the worde Set which signifieth in +Englishe that which the Latinistes meane by this word <i>Locum +designare</i>, y<sup>e</sup> reason is rehersed before more largely, it +shall not neede to make a new repetition.</p> + + +<span class = "pagenum orig">42</span> +<a name = "trans_page42" id = "trans_page42"> </a> +<h4>Of the water Spaniell or Finder.</h4> + +<p>The water Spaniell consequently followeth, called in Latine +Aquaticus, in English a waterspaniell, which name is compounde of two +simple wordes, namely Water, which in Latine soũdeth <i>Aqua</i>, +wherein he swymmeth. And <i>Spaine</i>, <i>Hispania</i>, the country frõ +whence they came, Not that England wanted such kinde of Dogges, (for +they are naturally bred and ingendred in this country.) But because they +beare the generall and common name of these Dogges synce the time they +were first brought ouer out of Spaine. And wee make a certaine +difference in this sort of Dogges, eyther for some thing which in theyr +voyce is to be marked, or for some thing which in their qualities is to +be considered, as for an example in this kinde called the Spaniell by +the apposition and putting to of this word water, which two coupled +together sounde +<span class = "pagenum rpt">40</span> +waterspaniell. He is also called a fynder, in Latine <i>Inquisitor</i>, +because that by serious and secure seeking, he findeth such things as be +lost, which word <i>Finde</i> in English is that which the Latines meane +by this Verbe <i>Inuenire</i>. This dogge hath this name of his property +because the principall point of his seruice consisteth in the +premisses.</p> + + +<h4>The names of such Dogges as be contained in the thirde Section.</h4> + +<p>Now leauing the suruie we of hunting and hauking dogs, it remaineth +that we runne ouer the residue, whereof some be called, fine dogs, some +course, other some mungrels or rascalls. The first is the Spaniell +gentle called <i>Canis Melitæus</i>, because it is a kinde of dogge +accepted among gentles, Nobles, Lordes, Ladies, &c. who make much of +them vouchsafeing to admit them so farre into their company that they +will not onely lull them in theyr lappes, but kysse them with their +lippes, and make them theyr prettie playfellowes. Such a one was +<i>Gorgons</i> litle puppie mencioned by <i>Theocritus</i> in +<i>Siracusis</i>, +<span class = "pagenum orig">43</span> +<a name = "trans_page43" id = "trans_page43"> </a> +who taking his iourney, straightly charged & commaunded his mayde to +see to his Dogge as charely and warely as to his childe: To call him in +alwayes that he wandred not abroade, as well as to rock the babe a +sleepe, crying in the cradle. This puppitly and peasantly curre, (which +some frumpingly tearme fysteing hounds) serue in a maner to no good vse +except, (As we haue made former relation) to succour and strengthen +quailing and quammning stomackes to bewray bawdery, and filthy +abhominable leudnesse (which a litle dogge of this kinde did in +<i>Sicilia</i>) As <i>Ælianus</i> in <ins class = "mycorr" title = "text has ‘his. 7.’">his .7.</ins> booke of beastes and .27. chapter +recordeth.</p> + + +<h4>The names of such dogges as be contained in the fourth Section.</h4> + +<p>Of dogges vnder the courser kinde, wee will deale first with the +shepherds dogge, whom we call the Bandogge, the Tydogge, or the Mastyue, +the first name is imputed to him +<span class = "pagenum rpt">41</span> +for seruice <i>Quoniam pastori famulatur</i>, because he is at the +shepherds his masters commaundement. The seconde a <i>Ligamento</i> of +the band or chaine wherewith he is tyed, The thirde a <i>Sagina</i>, Of +the fatnesse of his body.</p> + +<p>For this kinde of dogge which is vsually tyed, is myghty, grosse, and +fat fed. I know this that <i>Augustinus Niphus</i>, calleth this +<i>Mastinus</i> (which we call Mastiuus.) And that <i>Albertus</i> +writeth how the <i>Lyciscus</i> is ingendred by a beare and a wolfe. +Notwithstanding the self same Author taketh it for the most part <i>pro +Molosso</i>. A dogge of such a countrey.</p> + + +<h4>The names of such dogges as be contained in the fifte Section.</h4> + +<p>Of mungrels and rascalls somwhat is to be spoken. And among these, of +y<sup>e</sup> <i>VVappe</i> or <i>Turnespet</i>, which name is made of +two simple words, that is, of <i>Turne</i>, which in latine soundeth +<i>Vertere</i>, and of <i>spete</i> which is <i>Veru</i>, or +<i>spede</i>, for the Englishe word inclineth closer to the Italian +imitation: <i>Veruuersator</i>, Turnspet. He is called also VVaupe, of +the naturall noise of +<span class = "pagenum orig">44</span> +<a name = "trans_page44" id = "trans_page44"> </a> +his voyce <i>VV</i>au, which he maketh in barcking. But for the better +and the redyer sounde, the vowell, u, is chaunged into the cõsonant, p, +so y<sup>t</sup> for waupe we say wappe. And yet I wot well that +<i>Nonius</i> boroweth his <i>Baubari</i> of the natural voyce +<i>Bau</i>, as the <i>Græcians</i> doe their <span class = "greek" title += "bauzein">βάυζειν</span> of wau<ins class = "mycorr" title = ", for .">. </ins></p> + +<p>Now when you vnderstand this that <i>Saltare</i> in latine signifieth +<i>Dansare</i> in Englishe. And that our dogge therevpon is called a +daunser and in the latine <i>Saltator</i>, you are so farre taught as +you were desirous to learne, And now suppose I, there remaineth nothing, +but that your request is fully accomplished.</p> + + +<h4>The winding vp of this worke, called the +Supplement, &c.</h4> + +<p>Thus (Friend <i>Gesner</i>) you haue, not only the kindes of our +countrey dogges, but their names also, as well in latine as in +<span class = "pagenum rpt">42</span> +Englishe, their offices, seruices, diuersities, natures, & +properties, that you can demaunde no more of me in this matter. And +albeit I haue not satisfied your minde peraduẽture (who suspectest al +speede in the performaunce of your requeste employed, to be meere +delayes) because I stayde the setting fourth of that vnperfect pamphlet +which, fiue yeares ago, I sent to you as a priuate friende for your owne +reeding, and not to be printed, and so made common, yet I hope (hauing +like the beare lickt ouer my younge) I haue waded in this worke to your +contentation, which delay hath made somewhat better and <span class = +"greek" title = "deuterai phrontides">δευτέραι φροντίδες</span>, after +witte more meete to be perused.</p> + + +<h5>The ende of this treatise.</h5> + +<h5>FINIS.</h5> + +</div> <!-- end div maintext --> + + +<span class = "pagenum rpt">43</span> +<h4><img src = "images/index_dec.png" width = "25" height = "27" +alt = "+ "> +<a name = "trans_index" id = "trans_index"> +<i>An Alphabetical Index, declaring the</i></a></h4> + +<h5>whole discourse of this abridgement. The number<br> +importeth the Page.</h5> + +<p class = "mynote"> +Alphabetization is unchanged. The body text consistently spells +“Master”; the Index uses “Maister”.</p> + +<table class = "index" summary = "alphabetical index"> +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "2">A.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Abridgement of Dogges.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page1">1</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Abstinence from lost goods.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page27">27</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Aelianus his opinion of bloodhoundes.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page6">6</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Aelianus and Aelius, opinion of the beauer.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page19">19</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Alfredus maintained iustice.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page27">27</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>An example of rebellion, and the reward of the same.</p></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page26">26</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>An example of loue in a dogge.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page31">31</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Arcadian dogge.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page36">36</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "2">B.</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Bandogges bayte the Beare and the Bull.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page25">25</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Blondus opinion of a dogge.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page30">30</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Blooddy and butcherlye curres.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page32">32</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Beauer called a water dogge.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page19">19</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Beauer wherein hee is lyke a dogge.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page19">19</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Beasts preuented of succor.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page5">5</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Bloodhoundes howe they are knowne.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page5">5</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Bloodhounds conditions in hũting.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page5">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Bloodhounds whence they borrowe their names.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page5">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Bloodhoundes pursue without wearinesse.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page6">6</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Bloodhoundes discerne theeues from true men.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page6">6</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Bloodhoundes hunte by water and by land.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page6">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Bloodhoundes when they cease from hunting.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page6">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Bloodhoundes why they are kept close in the daye, and let lose in +the night.</p></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page6">ibide.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Bloodhounds haue not lybertye alwayes to raunge at wyll.</p></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page7">7</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Bloodhoundes are their maisters guides.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page7">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Borders of England pestred with pylferers.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page7">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Bloodhounds why they are vsed in England and Scotland.</p></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page7">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Bloodhoundes take not the water naturally.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page7">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Bloodhoundes called Brache in Scottishe.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page7">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Bloodhounds when they barck.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page8">8</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Butchers dogge.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page28">28</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Butchers dogge why so called.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page28">ibide.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "2">C.</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Caius booke of dogges twyse written.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page1">1</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Conny is not hunted.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page4">4</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Connye caught with the ferryt.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page4">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Conny taken with the net.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page4">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Continuaunce of tyme breedeth cunning.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page8">8</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Castle of Flint.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page10">10</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Cunnies preuented of succor.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page11">11</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Callimachus.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page20">20</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Cõforter called Meliteus.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page20">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Comforters proportion described.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page20">ibide.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Comforters condicions declared.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page20">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Comforters to what ende they serue.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page20">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Comforters the pretier, the pleasaunter.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page21">21</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Comforters, companions of ydle dames.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page21">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<span class = "pagenum rpt">44</span> +<p>Comforters why they are so much estemed among gentlefolkes.</p></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page21">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Comforters, what vertue is in them.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page21">ibide.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Conditions natural, som secrete, some manifest.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page21">ibide.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Comforters called by sundrye names.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page21">ibide.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Cicero pro S. Ross.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page26">26</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Countrey cotages annoyed with theeues.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page26">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Capitolium kept dogges at the common charge.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page26">ibide.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Carrier why he is so called.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page28">28</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Carriers seruice and properties.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page28">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Comeparcke, a perillous place.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page30">30</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Cõmendation of the mastiue.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page32">32</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "2">D.</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Dogges for hunting two kindes generally.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page2">2</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Diuerse dogges diuerse vses.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page4">4</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Deceipt is th’ instrument of the Tumbler.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page12">12</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Dogges for the faulcon, the phesaunt, and the partridge.</p></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page15">15</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Dogs are houshold seruants.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page16">16</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Ducks deceaue both dogge and maister.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page17">17</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Ducks subtyle of nature.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page17">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Ducks dissẽble weaknesse.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page17">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Ducks prudent and prouident.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page17">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Ducks regarde them selues and their broode.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page17">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Dogges of a course kind.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page17">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Dissembling theeues.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page27">27</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Dissembling dogges.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page30">30</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Defending dogges stick to their maisters to the death.</p></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page30">ibide.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Defending dogges greedy of reuengement.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page30">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Diuersitie of mastiues.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page32">32</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Daungerous dogges.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page32">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Daunsers qualities.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page35">35</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Daunsers begge for their meate.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page35">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Daunsers vsed for lucre and gaine.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page35">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Dogges wonderfullye ingendred.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page35">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "2">E.</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>England is not without Scottish dogges.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page2">2</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Election in a gase hound.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page8">8</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>England and VVales are cleare from wolues.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page24">24</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Edgar what tyme King of England.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page24">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Epirus a countrey in Græcia.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page28">28</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "2">F.</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Foxe hunted by the gasehound.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page8">8</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Flight preuenteth peryl.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page9">9</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Froisart historiographer.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page10">10</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Flint Castle.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page10">ibide.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Fiench dogges howe their skins be speckled.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page15">15</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Fisher dogge none in Englande.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page18">18</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Fisher dogge, doubtfull if there be any such.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page18">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Faulcon and an Eagle fight.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page26">26</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Faulcon kylled for fighting with an Eagle.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page26">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Fire betraied by a dogge.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page30">30</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Fire raked vp by a dogge.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page31">31</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Farmars keepe dogges.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page31">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Feareful dogges barke sorest.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page32">32</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Foxes kept for sundrye causes.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page36">36</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Foxes holsome in houses.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page36">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "2">G.</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Gesner desirous of knowledge.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page1">1</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Gesner earnest in experimentes.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page1">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Gasehounde whence he hath his name.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page9">9</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Gasehoundes vsed in the North.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page9">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Gasehound somtimes loseth his waye.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page9">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Grehound light footed.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page9">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Grehounds special seruice.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page9">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Grehoundes strong and swifte.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page9">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Grehounds game.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page10">10</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Grehounds spare of body.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page10">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Grehounds nature wonderfull.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page10">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Grehounde of King Richarde.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page10">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Gentle dogge.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page14">14</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<span class = "pagenum rpt">45</span> +Gratius Poet his opinion.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page37">37</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Getulian dogge.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page38">38</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "2">H.</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Hunting wherin it consisteth.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page2">2</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Hunting and fowleing doo differ.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page3">3</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Hunting dogges, fiue speciall kinds.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page3">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Harryer excelleth in smelling.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page3">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Harryer how he is known.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page3">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Hare hunted by the gasehound.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page8">8</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Henry Duke of Lancaster.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page10">10</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Hole of the Conny, their hauen of health.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page11">11</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Hare daunsing in measure<ins class = "mycorr" title = ", for .">. </ins></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page16">16</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Hare beating and thumping a dogge.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page16">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Heare a hinderaunce to the water Spaniell in swymming.</p></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page17">17</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Heare an vnprofitable burthen.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page17">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Hector Boethus.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page18">18</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Henry the seuenth.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page26">26</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Henries commaundement to hang all bandogges.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page26">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Henries Faulconer, and his Faulcon.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page26">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Hippocrates.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page38">38</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "2">I.</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Justice mayntained by Alfred.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page27">27</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Ingulphus Croyladensis historiographer.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page28">28</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Ianus watching.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page31">31</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Indian dogges.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page37">37</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Iseland curres, rough and rugged.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page37">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Iselande curres mutch sette by.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page37">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "2">K.</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>King Richarde of England.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page10">10</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>King Edgars trybute out of VVales.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page23">23</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>King Henrie the seuenth.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page26">26</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>King of all beasts, the Lyon.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page26">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>King of all Birds, the Eagle.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page26">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Keepers seruice.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page28">28</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Kingston, or Kingstoune verye famous in olde time.</p></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page30">30</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Kinges crowned at Kingstoune, to the number of eyght, theyr names +are these. Edward the first, Athelstan, Edmunde, Aldred, Edwin, Edgar, +Edeldred, Edwarde, syrnamed Yron rybbes.</p></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page30">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "2">L.</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Leuiner quicke of smelling, and swyft of running.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page10">10</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Leuiner, why so called.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page10">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Leuiner foloweth the game eagerly.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page10">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Leuiner taketh his pray speedilie.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page10">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Lyon King of all beasts.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page26">26</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Lust of the flesh reconcileth enemies.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page36">36</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "2">M.</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Maisters becke a direction to the gasehound.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page9">9</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Melita or Malta.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page20">20</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Mastiues proportiõ described.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page20">20</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Mastiue, why he is called Villaticus.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page20">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Mastiues vse and seruice.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page20">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Mastiues are mankind.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page20">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Mastiues of great might.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page16">16</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Molossia.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page28">28</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Mooner, why so termed.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page29">29</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Mooner watchfull.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page29">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><ins class = "mycorr" title = "text unchanged">Mungrellesl.</ins></td> +<td class = "number"><ins class = "mycorr" title = "brackets in original"><a href = "#trans_page34">[34]</a></ins></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><ins class = "mycorr" title = "text reads ‘Maiterles’">Maisterles</ins> men carrie Apes about.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page35">35</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Man in the moone.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page37">37</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "2">N.</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Nature hath made some dogges for hunting.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page4">4</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Naturall properties of the water spaniel.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page16">16</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>No VVolues in Englande nor VVales.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page24">24</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>No place free from theeues.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page27">27</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Nothing escapeth the spoiler.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page18">18</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Nonius bau wau.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page19">19</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Names of the mastiue.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page33">33</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Names of the spaniel gentle.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page22">22</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Names of Dogges whence they were deriued.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page39">39</a>, +<a href = "#trans_page40">40</a>, <a href = "#trans_page41">41</a>, +<a href = "#trans_page42">42</a>, &c.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "2"> +<span class = "pagenum rpt">46</span> +O.</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>One Dogge hunteth diuerse beastes.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page4">4</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Owners of bloudhoundes howe they vse them.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page6">6</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Order of the Tumbler in hunting.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page11">11</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Of the Cumaneasse.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page37">37</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Of brasen shanckt Thales.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page37">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Otter.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page7">7</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "2">P.</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Properties of a bloudhound issuing from desire.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page7">7</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Proportion and making of the water spaniel.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page17">17</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Pupine a byrd and a fyshe.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page18">18</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Princes pallace pestered with theeues.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page16">16</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Paris in Fraunce.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page30">30</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "2">R.</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Rome maintained dogges.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page28">28</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Rare toyes meete for Englishemen.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page37">37</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "2">S.</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Smelling is not incident to the gasehound.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page8">8</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Spaniels of a gentle kinde.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page14">14</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Spaniels two sortes.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page14">ibide.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Spaniel of the lande what properties.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page14">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Spaniel for the hauke and the nette.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page14">ibide.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Spaniels some haue speciall names.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page14">ibide.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Spaniel a name vniuersall.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page15">15</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Spaniels the colour of their skinnes.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page15">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Setters make no noyse, or very litle, in their game.</p></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page15">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Setters giue attendaunce.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page15">ibide.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Setters behauiour.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page15">ibide.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Setter whence he hath his name.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page16">16</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Sea calfe not numbred amonge Englishe dogges.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page19">19</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Sea calfe called a dogge fishe.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page19">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Seele or sea veale.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page19">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Spaniell gentle or the comforter.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page20">20</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Shepherdes dogge.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page23">23</a>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "inset">The necessity of their seruice.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page23">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "inset">The proportion of them.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page23">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><tr> +<td><p>Shepherdes what benefite they reape by their dogges.</p></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page24">24</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Sheepherdes in what countryes they go before their +sheepe.</p></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page24">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>Sheepe howe they flocke at the sheepherds whistle.</p></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page24">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Sheepherds Dogge choose and take.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page24">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Salacones vaineglorious.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page37">37</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "2">T.</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Terrars hunt the badger and the Foxe.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page4">4</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Terrars hunt as ferryts hunt.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page4">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Terrars conditions.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page4">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Terrars holde fast with theyr teeth.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page5">5</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Tumblers crafty and fraudulent.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page11">11</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Tumblers why so named.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page11">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "inset">their trade in hũting.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page11">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "inset">their dissembling of friendship.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page11">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "inset">they hunt against the wind.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page12">12</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Theeuish dogges.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page12">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Theeuish Dogge, a night curre.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page12">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Theeues feare no law<ins class = "mycorr" title = ", for .">. </ins></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page27">27</a>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "inset">Some steale for neede.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page27">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "inset">Some to maintaine brauery.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page27">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Tynckers curres beare burthens<ins class = "mycorr" title = ". missing">. </ins></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page29">29</a>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "inset">their conditions.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page29">ibi.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "inset">they loue their masters.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page29">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Two suiters to one woman.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page30">30</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Turnespet painefull in the kytchen.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page34">34</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Thales with the brasen feete.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page37">37</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "2">V.</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Vertue of the comforter.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page21">21</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Valentines law for vagabundes.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page27">27</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Virgils vearse.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page31">31</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "2">W.</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>VVatchwordes make Dogges perfect in game.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page8">8</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>VVonder of a Hare or Leuerit.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page16">16</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>VVater spaniell called the finder.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page16">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<span class = "pagenum rpt">47</span> +VVater spaniels what properties.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page16">ibidem.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>VVater spaniels their proportion.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page17">17</a>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>howe they be described by <i>D. Caius</i>.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page17">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>VVhy so called.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page17">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>VVhere their game lyeth and what it is.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page17">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>VVhy they are called fynders.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page17">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>VVanton women, wanton puppies.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page20">20</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>VVolues bloudsucking beastes<ins class = "mycorr" title = ". missing">. </ins></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page23">23</a>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>none England nor wales<ins class = "mycorr" title = ". missing">. </ins></td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page23">ibidem</a><ins class = +"mycorr" title = ", for .">. </ins></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>three hundred payde yearely to Prince Edgar.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page23">ibid.</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>VVarner what seruice he doth.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page34">34</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>VVappes vnprofitable dogges.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page34">ibidem</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "letterhead" colspan = "2">Y.</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td>Young dogges barcke much.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page8">8</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Yolping and yelling in a bandogge.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page31">31</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Yll kinde whelpes not regarded.</td> +<td class = "number"><a href = "#trans_page33">33</a></td> +</tr> +</table> + +<h5><i>The ende of the Index.</i></h5> + +<p> <br> </p> + +<h4>¶ Faultes escaped<br> +<i>thus to b’amended</i>.</h4> + +<table summary = "translator's errata"> +<tr> +<td class = "right bottom">In the last page of the Epistle</td> +<td class = "bottom">Dedicatory, <i>Quæ</i> for <i>Qui</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "center">Page. 3.</td> +<td><i>Grecians</i> for <i>Græcians</i>,</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "center">Page. 28.</td> +<td><i>Canis Cultos</i> for <i>Canis Custos</i>,</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "center">Page. 38.</td> +<td><i>Britanica</i> for <i>Britannica</i>.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan = "2"> +<p class = "center"> +Other faultes we referre to the correction of the Reader.</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>There bee also certaine <i>Accents</i> wanting in the Greeke words +which, because we had them not, are pretermitted: so haue wee byn fayne +to let the Greeke words run their full length, for lacke of +<i>Abbreuiations</i>.</p> + + +<p class = "right"><i>Studio & industriæ,</i></p> + +<p class = "right"><i>Abrahami</i></p> + +<p class = "right"><i>Flemingi.</i></p> + +<hr> + +<h6>CAMBRIDGE: PRINTED BY JOHN CLAY, M.A. AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS.</h6> + +<div class = "page"> + +<h4><a name = "titletext" id = "titletext" href = "#dogges"> +Title Page</a></h4> + +<div class = "center"> +<p>Of Englishe Dogges,</p> + +<p>the diuersities, the names,</p> + +<p>the natures, and the properties.</p> + +<p>A Short</p> + +<p>Treatise written in latine</p> + +<p>by Iohannes Caius of late memo-<br> +rie, Doctor of Phisicke<br> +in the Uniuersitie<br> +of Cambridge,</p> + +<p>And newly drawne into Eng-<br> +lishe by Abraham Fle-<br> +ming Student.</p> + +<p>Natura etiam in brutis <ins class = "mycorr" title = "error for ‘vim’">vin</ins><br> +ostendit suam.</p> + +<p><ins class = "mycorr" title = "error for ‘Seene’">Scene</ins> and +allowed.</p> + +<p>¶ Imprinted at London</p> + +<p>by Rychard Johnes, and are to be<br> +solde ouer against S. Sepul-<br> +chres Church without<br> +Newgate.<br> +1576.</p> +</div> + +</div> + + + +<p> </p> + +<h3><a name = "combined" id = "combined"> +Parallel Texts</a></h3> + +<hr class = "mid"> + +<table class = "dual" summary = "parallel versions"> +<tr> +<td><a name = "dual_intro" id = "dual_intro"> </a></td> +<td> +<h3>The first Section of this <i>discourse</i>.</h3> + +<h4>¶ The Preamble or entraunce, into this treatise.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Scripsimus ad te (charissime Gesnere) superioribus annis variam +historiam de variis quadrupedum, avium, atque piscium formis, variis +herbarum atque fruticum speciebus & figuris.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>I wrote vnto you (well beloued friende <i>Gesner</i>) not many yeares +past, a manifolde historie, contayning the diuers formes and figures of +Beastes, Byrdes, and Fyshes, the sundry shapes of plantes, and the +fashions of Hearbes, &c.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Scripsimus & de canibus quædam ad te seorsum, quæ in libro tuo de +iconibus animalium ordine secundo mansuetorum quadrupedum, ubi de +Canibus Scoticis scribis, & in fine epistolæ tuæ ad Gulielmum +Turnerum de libris a te editis, inter libros nondum excusos, te editurum +polliceris.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p class = "break"> +I wrote moreouer, vnto you seuerally, a certayne abridgement of Dogges, +which in your discourse vpon the fourmes of Beastes in the seconde order +of mylde and tameable Beastes, where you make mencion of Scottishe +Dogges, and in the wynding vp of your Letter written and directed to +Doctour <i>Turner</i>, comprehending a Catalogue or rehersall of your +bookes not yet extant, you promised to set forth in print, and openly to +publishe in the face of the worlde among such your workes as are not yet +come abroade to lyght and sight.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Sed quia de Canibus nostris quædam in eo libello mihi videbantur +desiderari, editionem prohibui, & alium promisi. Quamobrem, ut +promissis meis starem, & expectationi tuæ satisfacerem, homini omnis +cognitionis cupido, universitatem generis, differentiam atque usum, +mores & ingenium, veluti methodo quadam conabor explicare.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>But, because certaine circumstaunces were wanting in my breuiary of +Englishe Dogges (as seemed vnto mee) I stayed the publication of the +same, making promise to sende another abroade, which myght be commytted +to the handes, the eyes, the eares, the mindes, and the iudgements of +the Readers. Wherefore that I myght perfourme that preciselye, which I +promised solempnly, accomplishe my determination, and satisfy your +expectacion: which art a man desirous and capeable of all kinde of +knowledge, and very earnest to be acquaincted with all experimentes: I +wyll expresse and declare in due order, the grand and generall kinde of +Englishe Dogges, the difference of them, the vse, the propertyes, and +the diuerse natures of the same, making a tripartite diuision in this +sort and maner.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Dispertiar in tres species, Generosam, Rusticam, & Degenerem; sic +ut de illa primò, de hac postremò, de rustica, medio loco tibi +dicam.</p> +</td> +<td> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td>All Englishe Dogges be eyther of,</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "threeright"> +<p>A gentle kinde, seruing the game.</p> +<p>A homely kind, apt for sundry necessary vses.</p> +<p>A currishe kinde, meete for many toyes.</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>Of these three sortes or kindes so meane I to entreate, that the +first in the first place, the last in the last roome, and the myddle +sort in the middle seate be handled.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Omnes Britannicos vocabo; tum quòd una Insula Britannia, ut Anglicos +omnes, sic quoque Scoticos omnes complectatur: tum quòd venatibus magis +indulgemus, quia voluptati ex feris & venatione, propter animalium +copiam, atque hominum otium, magis Britanni sumus dediti, quàm eorum +animalium indigi & negotiosi Scoti.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>I cal thẽ vniuersally all by the name of English dogges, as well +because England only, as it hath in it English dogs, so it is not +without Scottishe, as also for that wee are more inclined and delighted +with the noble game of hunting, for we Englishmen are adicted and giuen +to that exercise, & painefull pastime of pleasure, as well for the +plenty of fleshe which our Parkes and Forrests doe foster, as also for +the oportunitie and conuenient leasure which we obtaine, both which, the +Scottes want.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +<a name = "dual_venat" id = "dual_venat"> +Ex generosis venaticis.</a></p> +<p>Ergo cum omnis ratio generosæ venationis, vel in persequendis feris, +vel in capiendis avibus finiatur, canum, quibus hæc aguntur, duo genera +sunt: alterum quod feras investiget, alterum quod aves persequatur.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Wherfore seeing that the whole estate of kindly hunting consisteth +principally,</p> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td>In these two pointes,</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "tworight"> +<p>In chasing the beast</p> +<p>In taking the byrde</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>that is in</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "tworight"> +hunting<br> +fowleing +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Utraque Latinis uno & communi nomine dici possunt venatica.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>It is necessary and requisite to vnderstand, that there are two +sortes of Dogges by whose meanes, the feates within specifyed are +wrought, and these practyses of actiuitie cunningly and curiously +compassed,</p> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td>Two kindes of Dogges</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "tworight"> +<p>One which rouseth the beast and continueth the chase,</p> +<p>Another which springeth the byrde and bewrayeth flight by +pursuite,</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>Both which kyndes are tearmed of the Latines by one common name that +is, <i>Canes Venatici</i>, hunting dogges.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Sed Anglis cum aliud esse videatur feras sectari, aliud aves capere, +ut primum venationem, secundum aucupium nominant, ita canum nomina +volunt esse diversa: ut qui feras lacessunt, venatici; qui aves, +aucupatorii dicerentur.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>But because we Englishe men make a difference betweene hunting and +<ins class = "mycorr" title = "text unchanged">fowleling</ins>, for that +they are called by these seuerall wordes, <i>Venatio</i> & +<i>Aucupium</i>, so they tearme the Dogges whom they vse in these sundry +games by diuers names, as those which serue for the beast, are called +<i>Venatici</i>, the other which are vsed for the fowle are called +<i>Aucupatorij</i>,</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Venaticos rursum divido in quinque genera. Aut enim odoratu, aut visu +fatigant feras, aut pernicitate vincunt, aut odoratu & pernicitate +superant, aut dolo capiunt.</p> +</td> +<td> +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td> +The first kind called <i>Venatici</i> I deuide into fiue sortes.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "fourright"> +<p>The first in perfect smelling</p> +<p>The second in quicke spying</p> +<p>The thirde in swiftnesse and quicknesse</p> +<p>The fourth in smelling & nymblenesse</p> +<p>The fifte in subtiltie and deceitfulnesse,</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>excelleth.</td> +</tr> +</table> + +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Sagax.</td> +<td> +<h4>Of the Dogge called a Harier, in Latine <i>Leuerarius</i>.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Qui odoratu fatigat, & prompta alacritate in venando utitur, +& incredibili ad investigandum sagacitate narium valet: a qua +re nos sagacem hunc appellamus, quem Græci ab investigando ἰχνευτὴν, +à nare ῥινηλάτην dicunt. Huic labra propensa sunt, & aures ad +os usque pendulæ, corporisque +media magnitudo.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>That kinde of Dogge whom nature hath indued with the vertue of +smelling, whose property it is to vse a lustines, a readines, and a +couragiousnes in hunting, and draweth into his nostrells the ayre or +sent of the beast pursued and followed, we call by this word +<i>Sagax</i>, the <ins class = "authcorr" title = "corrected by author from ‘Grecians’"><i>Græcians</i></ins> by thys word <span class = +"greek" title = "ichneutên">ιχνευτήν</span> of tracing or chasing by +y<sup>e</sup> foote, or <span class = "greek" title = +"rhinêlatên">ῥινηλάτην</span>, of the nostrells, which be the +instrumentes of smelling. Wee may knowe these kinde of Dogges by their +long, large, and bagging lippes, by their hanging eares, reachyng downe +both sydes of their chappes, and by the indifferent and measurable +proportion of their making.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Leverarius.</p> +<p>Hunc Leverarium vocitabimus, ut universum genus in certas species +atque nomina reducamus: cum alioqui usus aut officii nomine, in unitatem +speciei adigi nullo modo queant.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>This sort of Dogges we call <i>Leuerarios</i> Hariers, that I may +comprise the whole nũber of them in certaine specialties, and apply to +them their proper and peculier names, for so much as they cannot all be +reduced and brought vnder one sorte, considering both the sundrye uses +of them, and the difference of their seruice wherto they be +appointed.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Nam alius leporis, alius vulpis, alius cervi, alius platycerotis, +alius taxi, alius lutræ, alius mustelæ, alius cuniculi (quem tamen non +venamur nisi casse & viverra) tantum odore gaudet: & in suo +quisque genere & desiderio egregius est.</p> +</td> +<td> +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td>Some for</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "leftline"> +The Hare<br> +The Foxe<br> +The Wolfe<br> +The Harte<br> +The Bucke<br> +The Badger<br> +The Otter<br> +The Polcat<br> +The Lobster<a class = "tag" name = "tagCp" id = "tagCp" href = +"#lobster">C</a><br> +The Weasell<br> +The Conny, &c. +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Some for one thing and some for another.</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>As for the Conny, whom we haue lastly set downe, wee use not to hunt, +but rather to take it, somtime with the nette sometime with a ferret, +and thus euery seuerall sort is notable and excellent in his naturall +qualitie and appointed practise.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Sunt ex his qui duos, ut vulpem atque leporem, variatis vicibus sequi +student, sed non ea felicitate, qua id quod natura sequi docuit: errant +enim sæpius.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Among these sundry sortes, there be some which are apt to hunt two +diuers beasts, as the Foxe otherwhiles, and other whiles the Hare, but +they hunt not with such towardnes and good lucke after them, as they doe +that whereunto nature hath formed and framed them, not onely in +externall composition & making, but also in inward faculties and +conditions, for they swarue oftentimes, and doo otherwise then they +should.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Terrarius.</td> +<td> +<h4>Of the Dogge called a Terrar, in Latine <i>Terrarius</i>.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Sunt qui vulpem atque taxum solum, quos Terrarios vocamus; quod +subeant terræ cuniculos, more viverrarum in venatu cuniculorum, & +ita terrent mordentque vulpem atque taxum, ut vel in terra morsu +lacerent, vel è specu in fugam aut casses cuniculorum ostiis inductas +compellant. Sed hi in sagacium genere minimi sunt.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Another sorte there is which hunteth the Foxe and the Badger or Greye +onely, whom we call Terrars, because they (after the manner and custome +of ferrets in searching for Connyes) creepe into the grounde, and by +that meanes make afrayde, nyppe, and byte the Foxe and the Badger in +such +sort, that eyther they teare them in peeces with theyr teeth beyng in +the bosome of the earth, or else hayle and pull them perforce out of +their lurking angles, darke dongeons, and close caues, or at the least +through cõceaued feare, driue them out of their hollow harbours, in so +much that they are compelled to prepare speedy flight, and being +desirous of the next (albeit not the safest) refuge, are otherwise taken +and intrapped with snares and nettes layde ouer holes to the same +purpose. But these be the least in that kynde called <i>Sagax</i>.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Sangui­narius.</td> +<td> +<h4>Of the Dogge called a Bloudhounde in Latine +<i>Sanguinarius</i>.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Qui insequuntur, majores: propenso & hi labro atque aure, nec +vivas tantum uti memorati omnes, sed & mortuas quoque conspersi +sanguinis odore persequuntur.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>For whether the beast beyng wounded, doth notwithstanding enioye +life, and escapeth the handes of the huntesman, or whether the said +beast beyng slayne is conuayed clenly out of the parcke (so that there +be some signification of bloud shed) these Dogges with no lesse +facilitie and easinesse, then auiditie and greedinesse can disclose and +bewray the same by smelling, applying to their pursute, agilitie and +nimblenesse, without tediousnesse, for which consideration, of a +singuler specialtie they deserued to bee called <i>Sanguinarij</i> +bloudhounds.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Sive enim vivæ sauciantur feræ, atque è manibus venatorum elabuntur, +sive mortuæ ex vivario sublatæ sunt (sed profusione sanguinis utræque) +isti canes odore facilè persentiscunt, & subsequuntur. Eam ob causam +ex argumento sanguinarii appellantur.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>The greater sort which serue to hunt, hauing lippes of a large syze, +& eares of no small lenght, doo, not onely chase the beast whiles it +liueth, (as the other doo of whom mencion aboue is made) but beyng dead +also by any maner of casualtie, make recourse to the place where it +lyeth, hauing in this poynt an assured and infallible guyde, namely, the +sent and sauour of the bloud sprinckled heere and there vpon the +ground.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Cum tamen fieri solet ut furum astutia nullo consperso sanguine +abripiatur fera, etiam sicca hominis vestigia per extentissima spatia +nullo errore sequi nôrunt,</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>And albeit peraduenture it may chaunce, (As whether it chaunceth +sealdome or sometime I am ignorant) that a peece of fleshe be subtily +stolne and cunningly conuayed away with such prouisos and precaueats as +thereby all apparaunce of bloud is eyther preuented, excluded, or +concealed, yet these kinde of dogges by a certaine direction of an +inwarde assured notyce and priuy marcke, pursue the deede dooers, +through long lanes, crooked reaches, and weary wayes, without wandring +awry out of the limites of the land whereon these desperate purloyners +prepared their speedy passage.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>in quantalibet multitudine secernere, per abditissima & +densissima loca appetere, & si flumina tranent etiam persequi, +cumque ad ulteriorem ripam perventum est, circuitu quodam qua fugitum +est investigare, si primo statim odore in vestigium furis non +inciderint.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Yea, the natures of these Dogges is such, and so effectuall is their +foresight, that they cã bewray, seperate, and pycke them out from among +an infinite multitude and an innumerable company, creepe they neuer so +farre into the thickest thronge, they will finde him out +notwithstandying he lye hidden in wylde woods, in close and ouergrowen +groues, and lurcke in hollow holes apte to harbour such vngracious +guestes. Moreouer, although they should passe ouer the water, thinking +thereby to auoyde the pursute of the houndes, yet will not these Dogges +giue ouer their attempt, but presuming to swym through the streame, +perseuer in their pursute, and when they be arriued and gotten the +further bancke, they hunt vp and downe, to and fro runne they, from +place to place shift they, vntill they haue attained to that plot of +grounde where they passed ouer. And this is their practise, if perdie +they cãnot at y<sup>e</sup> first time smelling, finde out the way which +the deede dooers tooke to escape.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Sic enim arte inveniunt, quod fortuna nequeunt, ut rectè videatur ab +Æliano scriptum lib. 6. cap. 59. de animalibus, τὸ ἐνθυμητικὸν καὶ +διαλεκτικὸν, καὶ μέντοι καὶ τὸ αἱρετὸν, hoc est, considerationem, +ratiocinationem, atque etiam participationem seu arbitrium canibus hisce +venaticis inesse; nec ante cessant persequi, quàm sunt fures +comprehensi. </p> +</td> +<td> +<p>So at length get they that by arte, cunning, and diligent indeuour, +which by fortune and lucke they cannot otherwyse ouercome. In so much as +it seemeth worthely and wisely written by Ælianus in his sixte Booke, +and xxxix. Chapter. <span class = "greek" title = "To enthumêtikon kai dialektikon">Τὸ ἐνθυμητικον καὶ διαλεκτικὸν</span>. to bee as it were +naturally instilled and powred into these kinde of Dogges. For they wyll +not pause or breath from their pursute vntill such tyme as they bee +apprehended and taken which committed the facte.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Eos luce in tenebris habent heri, nocte producunt, quo alacriores in +persequendo sint assueti tenebris, quibus prædones delectantur +maximè.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>The owners of such houndes vse to keepe them in close and darke +channells in the day time, and let them lose at liberty in the night +season, to th’intent that they myght with more courage and boldnesse +practise to follow the fellon in the euening and solitarie houres of +darkenesse, when such yll disposed varlots are principally purposed +to play theyr impudent pageants, & imprudent pranckes.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Iidem, cum fures insequuntur, non ea donantur libertate qua cum +feras, nisi in magna celeritate fugientium furum, sed loro retenti herum +ducunt qua velit ille celeritate, sive pedes sit, sive eques.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>These houndes (vpon whom this present portion of our treatise +runneth) when they are to follow such fellowes as we haue before +rehersed, vse not that liberty to raunge at wil, which they have +otherwise when they are in game, (except upon necessary occasion, wheron +dependeth an urgent and effectuall perswasion) when such purloyners make +speedy way in flight, but beyng restrained and drawne backe from running +at randon with the leasse, the ende whereof the owner holding in his +hand is led, guyded, and directed with such swiftnesse and slownesse +(whether he go on foote, or whether he ryde on horsebacke) as he +himselfe in hart would wishe for the more easie apprehension of these +venturous varlots.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>In confiniis Angliæ atque Scotiæ propter frequentia pecorum & +jumentorum spolia, multus usus hujus generis canum est, & principio +discit pecudem & armentum persequi, postea furem relicto +armento.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>In the borders of England & Scotland, (the often and accustomed +stealing of cattell so procuring) these kinde of Dogges are very much +vsed and they are taught and trayned up first of all to hunt cattell as +well of the smaller as of the greater grouth, and afterwardes (that +qualitie relinquished and lefte) they are learned to pursue such +pestilent persons as plant theyr pleasure in such practises of +purloyning as we have already declared.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>In hoc genere nullus est aquaticus naturaliter, nisi eos ita nominare +placeat, qui Lutram insequuntur, qui subinde ripas, subinde aquas +frequentant. Non recusant tamen omnes, aviditate prædæ tranantis +flumina, etiam aquis se committere. Sed hoc desiderii potius est, quàm +naturæ.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Of this kinde there is none that taketh the water naturally, except +it please you so to suppose of them whych follow the Otter, whych +sometimes haunte the lande, and sometime vseth the water. And yet +neuerthelesse all the kind of them +boyling and broyling with greedy desire of the pray which by swymming +passeth through ryuer and flood, plung amyds the water, and passe the +streame with their pawes. But this propertie proceedeth from an earnest +desire wherwith they be inflamed, rather then from any inclination +issuyng from the ordinance and appoyntment of nature.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Quod autem ex +his aliquas Brachas nostri, Rachas Scoti sua lingua nominant, in causa +sexus est, non genus. Sic enim canes fœminas in venatico genere vocare +solent nostri.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>And albeit some of this sort in English be called <i>Brache</i>, in +Scottishe <i>Rache</i>, the cause hereof resteth in the shee sex and not +in the generall kinde. For we English men call bytches, belonging to the +hunting kinde of Dogges, by the tearme aboue mencioned.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Ad postremum, in natura sagacium est, ut alii pervestigando taceant +ante excitatam feram, alii statim ad primum odorem voce prodant animal, +etsi remotum adhuc, & in cubili; & quo juniores, eo +petulantioris oris & mendacioris sunt. Ætas enim & venandi +assiduitas experientiam in his facit & certitudinem, ut in aliis +omnibus, maximè, cum norint obtemperare domino vel inhibenti vel +animanti.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>To bee short it is proper to the nature of houndes, some to keepe +silence in hunting untill such tyme as there is game offered. Othersome +so soone as they smell out the place where the beast lurcketh, to bewray +it immediatly by their importunate barcking, notwithstanding it be farre +of many furlongs cowchyng close in his cabbyn. And these Dogges the +younger they be, the more wantonly barcke they, and the more liberally, +yet, oftimes without necessitie, so that in them, by reason of theyr +young yeares and want of practise, small certaintie is to be reposed. +For continuance of tyme, and experience in game, ministreth to these +houndes not onely cunning in running, but also (as in the rest) an +assured foresight what is to bee done, principally, being acquainted +with their masters watchwordes, eyther in reuoking or imboldening them +to serue the game.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Agasæus.</td> +<td> +<h4>Of the Dogge called the Gasehounde, in Latine <i>Agaseus</i>.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Quod visu lacessit, nare nihil agit, sed oculo; oculo vulpem +leporemque persequitur, oculo seligit medio de grege feram, & eam +non nisi bene saginatam & opimam oculo insequitur,</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>This kinde of Dogge which pursueth by the eye, preuayleth little, or +neuer a whit, by any benefite of the nose that is by smelling, but +excelleth in perspicuitie and sharpenesse of sight altogether, by the +vertue whereof, being singuler and notable, it hunteth the Foxe and the +Hare. Thys Dogge will choose and seperate any beast from among a great +flocke or hearde, and such a one will it take by election as is not +lancke, leane and hollow, but well spred, smoothe, full, fatte, and +round, it followes by the direction of the eyesight, which in deede is +cleere, constant, and not uncertaine,</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>oculo perditam requirit, oculo, si quando in gregem redeat, secernit, +cæteris relictis omnibus, secretamque cursu denuo fatigat ad mortem. +Agasæum nostri abs re, quòd intento sit in feram oculo, vocant.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>if a beast be wounded and gone astray this Dogge seeketh after it by +the stedfastnes of the eye, if it chaunce peraduenture to returne & +bee mingled with the residue of the flocke, this Dogge spyeth it out by +the vertue of his eye, leauing the rest of the cattell vntouched, and +after he hath set sure sight upõ it he seperateth it from among the +company and hauing so done neuer ceaseth untill he haue wearyed the +Beast to death. Our countrey men call this dogge <i>Agasæum</i>. A +gasehounde because the beames of his sight are so stedfastly setled and +vnmoueably fastened.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Usus ejus est, in septentrionalibus Angliæ partibus magis quam +meridionalibus; locis planis & campestribus, quàm dumosis & +sylvestribus; equitibus magis quàm peditibus, quo ad cursum equos +incitent (quibus delectantur magis quàm ipsa præda) assuescantque sepes +fossasque inoffensè & intrepidè transilire & aufugere,</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>These Dogges are much and vsually occupyed in the Northern partes of +England more then in the Southern parts, & in fealdy landes rather +then in bushy and wooddy places, horsemen vse them more then footemen to +th’intent that they might prouoke their horses to a swift galloppe +(wherwith they are more delighted then with the pray it selfe) and that +they myght accustome theyr horse to leape ouer hedges & ditches, +without stoppe or stumble, without harme or hassard, without doubt or +daunger, and so escape with safegard of lyfe.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>quò insessores per necessitates & pericula salutem fuga sibi +quærant, aut hostem insequendo cum velint cædant.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>And to the ende that the ryders themselues when necessitie so +constrained, and the feare of further mischiefe inforced, myght saue +themselues vndamnifyed, and preuent each perilous tempest by preparing +speedy flight, or else by swift pursute made vpon theyr enimyes, myght +both ouertake them, encounter with them, and make a slaughter of them +accordingly.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>At si quando canis aberraverit, dato signo quàm mox accurrit, & +feram de integro subsequens, clara voce, cursuque celeri ut ante +lacessit.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>But if it fortune so at any time that this Dogge take a wrong way, +the master making some vsuall signe and familiar token, he returneth +forthwith, and taketh the right and ready trace, beginning his chase a +fresh, & with a cleare voyce, and a swift foote followeth the game +with as much courage and nimblenesse as he did at the first.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Leporarius.</td> +<td> +<h4>Of the Dogge called the Grehounde, in Latine <i>Leporarius</i>.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Quod pernicitate vincit, leporarius dicitur, quòd præcipua ejus cura, +præcipuusque usus est in persequendo lepore. Quanquam & in capiendo +platycerote, cervo, dorcade, vulpe, & hoc genus aliis feris, & +viribus & memorata velocitate valent: sed plus minus pro suo quisque +desiderio, & corporis firmitudine aut exilitate.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>There is another kinde of Dogge which for his incredible swiftnesse +is called <i>Leporarius</i> a Grehounde, because the principall seruice +of them dependeth and consisteth in starting and hunting the hare, which +Dogges likewyse are indued with no lesse strength then lightnes in +maintenance of the game, in seruing the chase, in taking the Bucke, the +Harte, the Dowe, the Foxe, and other beastes of semblable kinde ordained +for the game of hunting. But more or lesse, each one according to the +measure and proportion of theyr desire, and as might and habilitie of +theyr bodyes will permit and suffer.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Est enim strigosum genus: in quo alii majores sunt, alii minores: +alii pilo sessili, alii hirto. Majores majoribus, minores minoribus +feris destinamus.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>For it is a spare and bare kinde of Dogge, (of fleshe but not of +bone) some are of a greater sorte, and some of a lesser, some are smooth +skynned, & some are curled, the bigger therefore are appoynted to +hunt the bigger beasts, & the smaller serue to hunt the smaller +accordingly.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Cujus naturam in venatione, magnam; in hoc, miram deprehendi: quòd +(referente Joanne Froisarto historico lib. hist. suæ 4.) leporarius +Richardi secundi Anglorum regis, qui ante neminem præter regem +agnoverat, venientem Henricum Lancastriæ ducem ad castellum Flinti ut +Richardum comprehenderet, relicto Richardo, Henricum solitis in +Richardum favoribus exceperit;</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>The nature of these dogges I finde to be wonderful by y<sup>e</sup> +testimoniall of histories. For, as Iohn Froisart the Historyographer in +his 4. <i>lib.</i> reporteth. A Grehound of King Richard, the second +y<sup>t</sup> wore the Crowne, and bare the Scepter of the Realme of +England, neuer knowing any man, beside the kings person, whẽ <i>Henry +Duke</i> of <i>Lancaster</i> came to the castle of <i>Flinte</i> to take +King <i>Richarde</i>. The Dogge forsaking his former Lord & master +came to <i>Duke Henry</i>, fawned upon him with such resemblaunces of +goodwyll and conceaued affection, as he fauoured King <i>Richarde</i> +before: he followed the Duke, and vtterly left the King.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>quasi adversitates Richardi futuras intellexerat & +præsentiscerat. Id quod Richardus probe animadvertit, atque ut præsagium +futuri interitus verbis non dissimulavit.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>So that by these manifest circumstances a man myght iudge this Dogge +to haue bene lightened wyth the lampe of foreknowledge & +vnderstãding, touchyng his olde masters miseryes to come, and +vnhappinesse nye at hand, which King <i>Richarde</i> himselfe euidently +perceaued, accounting this deede of his Dogge a Prophecy of his +ouerthrowe.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Levinarius seu lorarius.</td> +<td> +<h4>Of the Dogge called the Leuiner, or Lyemmer in Latine +<i>Lorarius</i>.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Quod sagacitate simul & pernicitate potest, & genere, & +compositione corporis medium est inter sagacem illum & leporarium, +& à levitate appellatur levinarius, à loro (quo ducitur) +lorarius. Hic propter velocitatem & gravius feram urget, & +citius capit.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Another sort of dogges be there, in smelling singuler, and in +swiftnesse incomparable. This is (as it were) a myddle kinde betwixt the +Harier and the Grehounde, as well for his kinde, as for the frame of his +body. And it is called in latine <i>Leuinarius</i>, <i>a Leuitate</i>, +of lyghtnesse, and therefore may well be called a lyghthounde, it is +also called by this worde <i>Lorarius</i>, <i>a Loro</i>, wherwith it is +led. This Dogge for the excellency of his conditions, namely smelling +and swift running, doth followe the game with more eagernes, and taketh +the pray with a iolly quicknes.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Vertagus.</td> +<td> +<h4>Of the Dogge called a Tumbler, in Latine <i>Vertagus</i>.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Quod dolo agit, vertagum nostri dicunt, quòd se, dum prædatur, +vertat, & circumacto corpore, impetu quodam in ipso specus ostio +feram opprimit & intercipit.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>This sorte of Dogges, which compasseth all by craftes, fraudes, +subtelties and deceiptes, we Englishe men call Tumblers, because in +hunting they turne and tumble, winding their bodyes about in circle +wise, and then fearcely and violently venturing upõ the beast, doth +soddenly gripe it, at the very entrance and mouth of their receptacles, +or closets before they can recouer meanes, to saue and succour +themselues.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Is hoc utitur astu. Cum in vivarium cuniculorum venit, eos non +lacessit cursu, non latratu terret, nec ullas inimicitias ostentat, sed +velut amicus aliud agens, taciturna solertia prætergreditur, observatis +diligenter eorum cuniculis.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>This dogge vseth another craft and subteltie, namely, when he runneth +into a warren, or setteth a course about a connyburrough, he huntes not +after them, he frayes them not by barcking, he makes no countenance or +shadow of hatred against them, but dissembling friendship, and +pretending fauour, passeth by with silence and quietnesse, marking and +noting their holes diligently, wherin (I warrant you) he will not be +ouershot nor deceaued.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Eò cum pervenerit, ita se humi componit, ut & adversum ventum +semper habeat, & cuniculum lateat. Sic enim ille revertentis aut +exeuntis cuniculi odorem facilè sentit, & suus cuniculo omnino +tollitur, & prospectu fera fallitur.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>When he commeth to the place where Connyes be, of a certaintie, he +cowcheth downe close with his belly to the groũd, Prouided alwayes by +his skill and polisie, that y<sup>e</sup> winde bee neuer with him but +against him in such an enterprise. And that the Connyes spie him not +where he lurcketh.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Ad hunc modum compositus canis, & prostratus, aut exeuntem +cuniculum & imprudentem in ipso specus ingressu versutè opprimit, +aut revertentem excipit, atque ad latentem herum ore perducit.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>By which meanes he obtaineth the sent and sauour of the Connyes, +carryed towardes him with the wind & the ayre, either going to their +holes, or cõming out, eyther passing this way, or running that way, and +so prouideth by his circumspection, that the selly simple Conny is +debarred quite from his hole (which is the hauen of their hope and the +harbour of their health) and fraudulently circumuented and taken, before +they can get the aduantage of their hole. Thus hauing caught his pray he +carryeth it speedily to his Master, wayting his Dogges returne in some +conuenient lurcking corner.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Minor hic est sagaci illo, strigosior, & erectiore aure. Corporis +figura leporarium spurium diceres, si major esset. Et quamvis eo minor +multò sit, uno tamen die tot potest capere, quot justum equi onus esse +possunt. Dolus enim illi pro virtute est, & corporis agilitas.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>These Dogges are somewhat lesser than the houndes, and they be +lancker & leaner, beside that they be somwhat prick eared. +A man that shall marke the forme and fashion of their bodyes, may +well call them mungrell Grehoundes if they were somwhat bigger. But +notwithstanding they counteruaile not the Grehound in greatnes, yet will +he take in one dayes space as many Connyes as shall arise to as bigge a +burthen, and as heauy a loade as a horse can carry, for deceipt and +guile is the instrument wherby he maketh this spoyle, which pernicious +properties supply the places of more commendable qualities.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Canis furax.</td> +<td> +<h4>Of the Dogge called the theeuishe Dogge in Latine <i>Canis +furax</i>.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Huic similis canis furax est, qui jubente hero noctu progreditur, +& sine latratu odore adverse persequens cuniculos, cursu prehendit +quot herus permiserit, & ad heri stationem reportat. Vocant incolæ +canem nocturnum, quòd venetur noctu. Sed hæc de iis qui feras +insequuntur.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>The like to that whom we have rehearsed, is the theeuishe Dogge, +which at the mandate and bydding of his master steereth and leereth +abroade in the night, hunting Connyes by the ayre, which is leuened with +their sauour and conueyed to the sense of smelling by the meanes of the +winde blowing towardes him. During all which space of his hunting he +will not barcke, least he shoulde bee preiudiciall to his owne +aduantage. And thus watcheth and snatcheth up in course as many Connyes +as his Master will suffer him, and beareth them to his Masters standing. +The farmers of the countrey and uplandishe dwellers, call this kinde of +Dogge a nyght curre, because he hunteth in the darke. But let thus much +seeme sufficient for Dogges which serue the game and disport of +hunting.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td></td> +<td> +<h4>¶ A Diall pertaining to the <i>first Section.</i></h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td>Venatici.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>Sagax.</td> +<td>Hunde</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "threeright"> +Terrarius.<br> +Leverarius.<br> +Sanguinarius. +</td> +<td class = "threeright"> +Terrare.<br> +Harier.<br> +Blud-hunde. +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +Agasæus.<br> +Leporarius. +<p>Levinarius seu Lorarius.</p> +Vertagus. +</td> +<td> +Gasehunde.<br> +Grehunde. +<p>Leviner, or Lyemmer.</p> +Tumbler. +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +</td> +<td> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td> +<p>Dogges seruing y<sup>e</sup> pastime of hunting beastes.<br> +are diuided into</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "leftline"> +Hariers<br> +Terrars<br> +Bloudhounds<br> +Gasehounds<br> +Grehounds<br> +Leuiners or Lyemmers<br> +Tumblers<br> +Stealers +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>In Latine called <i>Venatici</i>.</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Ex generosis aucupatoriis.</td> +<td> +<h3><a name = "dual_aucup" id = "dual_aucup"> +The seconde Section of <i>this discourse</i>.</a></h3> + +<h4>Of gentle Dogges seruing the hauke, and first of the Spaniell, +called in Latine <i>Hispaniolus</i>.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Qui aves, proximum locum habent. Eos Aucupatorios dici ante +proposuimus.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Svch Dogges as serue for fowling, I thinke conuenient and requisite +to place in this seconde Section of this treatise. These are also to bee +reckoned and accounted in the number of the dogges which come of a +gentle kind, and of those which serue for fowling.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Hi ex generosorum numero etiam sunt, & duûm generum. Alii enim +per sicca tantum venantur: Alii per aquas tantum aves persequuntur.</p> +</td> +<td> +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td>There be two sortes</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "tworight"> +<p>The first findeth game on the land.</p> +<p>The other findeth game on the water.</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Qui per sicca tantum, aut libero vestigio & latratu avem +investigant & excitant, aut tacito indicio eandem commonstrant.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Such as delight on the land, play their partes, eyther by swiftnesse +of foote, or by often questing, to search out and to spring the byrde +for further hope of aduauntage, or else by some secrete signe and priuy +token bewray the place where they fall.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Primum genus Accipitri servit; secundum reti.</p> +</td> +<td> +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td class = "tworight"> +The first kinde of such serue<br> +The Hauke, +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "tworight"> +The seconde,<br> +The net, or, traine, +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Hispaniolus.</p> +<p>Peculiaria nomina primum genus non habet, nisi ab ave ad quam +venandam natura est propensius. Qua de causa falconarii hos +phasianarios, hos perdiciarios, vocare solent.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>The first kinde haue no peculier names assigned vnto them, saue onely +that they be denominated after the byrde which by naturall appointment +he is alotted to take, for the which consideration.</p> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td>Some be called Dogges,</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "threeright"> +For the Falcon<br> +The Phesant<br> +The Partridge +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>and such like,</td> +</tr> +</table> + +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Vulgus tamen nostrum communi nomine Hispaniolos nominat, quasi ex +Hispania productum istud genus primo esset. Omnes maxima ex parte +candidi sunt: & si quas maculas habeant, rubræ sunt, raræ, & +majores. Sunt & ruffi atque nigri, sed perpauci.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>The common sort of people call them by one generall word, namely +Spaniells. As though these kinde of Dogges came originally and first of +all out of Spaine, The most part of their skynnes are white, and if they +be marcked with any spottes, they are commonly red, and somewhat great +therewithall, the heares not growing in such thicknesse but that the +mixture of them maye easely bee perceaued. Othersome of them be reddishe +and blackishe, but of that sorte there be but a very few.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Est & hodie novum genus ex Gallia advectum (ut novitatis omnes +sumus studiosi) sed ex toto in albo obfuscatum maculosè, quem Gallicanum +vocitamus.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>There is also at this day among vs a newe kinde of dogge brought out +of Fraunce (for we Englishe men are maruailous greedy gaping gluttons +after nouelties, and couetous coruorauntes of things that be seldom, +rare, straunge, and hard to get.) And they bee speckled all ouer with +white and black, which mingled colours incline to a marble blewe, which +bewtifyeth their skinnes and affordeth a seemely show of comlynesse. +These are called French dogges as is aboue declared already.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Index.</td> +<td> +<h4>The Dogge called the Setter, in Latine <i>Index</i>.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Secundum genus est, quod tacito pede atque ore avem quærit, & +nutum juvantis heri sequitur, vel promovendo se, vel reducendo, vel in +alterutram partem dextram aut sinistram declinando. Cum avem dico, +Perdicem & Coturnicem intelligo.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Another sort of Dogges be there, seruiceable for fowling, making no +noise either with foote or with tounge, whiles they followe the game. +These attend diligently vpon theyr Master and frame their conditions to +such beckes, motions, and gestures, as it shall please him to exhibite +and make, either going forward, drawing backeward, inclining to the +right hand, or yealding toward the left, (In making mencion of fowles, +my meaning is of the Partridge & the Quaile)</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Cum invenerit, cauto silentio, suspenso vestigio, & occulto +speculatu, humiliando se prorepit, & cum propè est, procumbit, & +pedis indicio locum stationis avium prodit: unde canem indicem vocare +placuit. Loco commonstrato, auceps exporrectum rete avi inducit.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>when he hath founde the byrde, he keepeth sure and fast silence, he +stayeth his steppes and wil proceede no further, and with a close, +couert, watching eye, layeth his belly to the grounde and so creepeth +forward like a worme. When he approcheth neere to the place where the +birde is, he layes him downe, and with a marcke of his pawes betrayeth +the place of the byrdes last abode, whereby it is supposed that this +kinde of dogge is called <i>Index</i>, Setter, being in deede a name +most consonant and agreable to his quality.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Quo facto, canis ad consuetum heri indicium seu vocabulum quam mox +assurgit, & propinquiori præsentia aves perturbat, atque ut +inexplicabilius irretiantur, facit.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>The place being knowne by the meanes of the dogge, the fowler +immediatly openeth and spreedeth his net, intending to take them, which +being done the dogge at the accustomed becke or vsuall signe of his +Master ryseth vp by and by, and draweth neerer to the fowle that by his +presence they might be the authors of their owne insnaring, and be ready +intangled in the prepared net,</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Lepus tympanum pulsat.</p> +<p>Quod artificium in cane, animali domestico, mirum videri non debet, +cum & lepus agreste animal, & saltare, & tympanum +anterioribus pedibus numero pulsare tympanistarum more, & canem +dente atque ungue petere, pedibusque crudeliter cædere, in Anglia visus +est omnium admiratione, anno salutis nostræ 1564.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>which conning and artificiall indeuour in a dogge (being a creature +domesticall or householde seruaunt brought vp at home with offalls of +the trencher & fragments of victualls,) is not much to be maruailed +at, seing that a Hare (being a wilde and skippishe beast) was seene in +England to the astonishment of the beholders, in the yeare of our Lorde +God, 1564, not onely dauncing in measure, but playing with his former +feete vppon a tabberet, and obseruing iust number of strokes (as a +practicioner in that arte) besides that nipping & pinching a dogge +with his teeth and clawes, & cruelly thumping him with y<sup>e</sup> +force of his feete.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Nec est vanum istud, eoque relatum lubentius, quòd operæ pretium +putarem, nihil prætereundum esse, in quo naturæ spectanda sit +providentia.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>This is no trumpery tale, nor trifling toye (as I imagine) and +therefore not vnworthy to bee reported, for I recken it a requitall of +my trauaile, not to drowne in the seas of silence any speciall thing, +wherin the prouidence and effectuall working of nature is to be +pondered.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Aquaticus seu inquisitor.</td> +<td> +<h4>Of the Dogge called the water Spaniell, or finder, in Latine +<i>Aquaticus seu Inquisitor</i>.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Qui per aquas aucupatur propensione naturali accedente mediocri +documento, major his est, & promisso naturaliter hirtus pilo. Ego +tamen ab armis ad posteriores suffragines, caudamque extremam, ad te +(Gesnere) detonsum pinxi, ut usus noster postulat, quo pilis nudus +expeditior sit, & minus per natationes retardetur.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>That kinde of Dogge whose seruice is required in fowling vpon the +water, partly through a naturall towardnesse, and partly by diligent +teaching, is indued with that property. This sort is somewhat bigge, and +of a measurable greatnesse, hauing long, rough, and curled heare, not +obtayned by extraordinary trades, but giuen by natures appointment, yet +neuerthelesse (friend <i>Gesner</i>) I have described and set him out in +this maner, namely powlde and netted from the shoulders to the +hindermost legges, and to the end of his tayle, which I did for vse and +customs cause, that beyng as it were made somewhat bare and naked, by +shearing of such superfluitie of heare, they might atchiue the more +lightnesse, and swiftnesse, and be lesse hindered in swymming, so +troublesome and needelesse a burthen being shaken of.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Aquaticus à nostris appellatur, ab aquis quas frequentat sumpta +appellatione. Eo aut aves in aquis aucupamur (& præcipue anates; +unde etiam anatarius dicitur, quod id excellenter facit) aut Scorpione +occisas educimus, aut spicula sagittasve fallente ictu recuperamus, aut +amissa requirimus: quo nomine & canes inquisitores eosdem +appellamus.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>This kinde of dogge is properly called, <i>Aquaticus</i>, a water +spaniel because he frequenteth and hath vsual recourse to the water +where all his game & exercise lyeth, namely, waterfowles, which are +taken by the helpe & seruice of them, in their kind. And principally +duckes and drakes, wherupon he is lykewise named a dogge for the ducke, +because in that quallitie he is excellent. With these dogges also we +fetche out of the water such fowle as be stounge to death by any +venemous worme, we vse them also to bring vs our boultes & arrowes +out of the water, (missing our marcke) whereat we directed our leuell, +which otherwise we should hardly recouer, and oftentimes they restore to +vs our shaftes which we thought neuer to see, touche or handle againe, +after they were lost, for which circumstaunces they are called +<i>Inquisitores</i>, searchers, and finders.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Anatum fallaciæ.</p> +<p>Quanquam Anas & canem & aucupem quoque egregiè subinde +fallat, tum urinando, tum etiam dolo naturali. Etenim si quis hominum, +ubi incubant aut excludunt, propinquabit, egressæ matres venientibus se +sponte offerunt, & simulata debilitate vel pedum vel alarum, quasi +statim capi possint, egressus fingunt tardiores.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Although the ducke otherwhiles notably deceaueth both the dogge and +the master, by dyuing vnder the water, and also by naturall subtilty, +for if any man shall approche to the place where they builde, breede, +and syt, the hennes go out of their neastes, offering themselues +voluntarily to the hãds, as it were, of such as draw nie their neasts. +And a certaine weaknesse of their winges pretended, and infirmitie of +their feete dissembled, they go so slowely and so leasurely, that to a +mans thinking it were no masteryes to take them.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Hoc mendacio sollicitant obvios, & eludunt, quoad profecti +longius, à nidis avocentur; caventque diligenter revertendo, ne +indicium loci conversatio frequens faciat.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>By which deceiptfull tricke they doe as it were entyse and allure men +to follow them, till they be drawne a long distaunce from theyr neastes, +which being compassed by their prouident conning, or conning prouidence, +they cut of all inconueniences which might growe of their returne, by +using many carefull and curious caueates, least theyr often haunting +bewray y<sup>e</sup> place where the young ducklings be hatched. Great +therfore is theyr desire, & earnest is theyr study to take heede, +not only to theyr broode but also to themselues.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Anati­cularum provi­dentia.</p> +<p>Nec anaticularum studium segnius ad cavendum. Cum enim visas se +persentiscunt, sub cespitem confugiunt aut carectum, quorum obtectu tam +callidè proteguntur, ut lateant etiam deprehensæ, nisi fraudem canis +odore detegat.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>For when they haue an ynckling that they are espied they hide +themselues vnder turfes or sedges, wherwith they couer and shrowde +themselues so closely and so craftely, that (notwithstanding the place +where they lurcke be found and perfectly perceaued) there they will +harbour without harme, except the water spaniell by quicke smelling +discouer theyr deceiptes.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Canis piscator.</td> +<td> +<h4>Of the Dogge called the Fisher, in Latine <i>Canis +Piscator</i>.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Canem piscatorem (de quo scribit Hector Boethus) qui inter saxa +pisces odore perquirit, nullum planè novi inter nostros, neque ex +relatione aliquando audivi, etsi in ea re perscrutanda perdiscendaque +diligentior fuerim inter piscatores & venatores:</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>The Dogge called the fisher, wherof <i>Hector Boethus</i> writeth, +which seeketh for fishe by smelling among rockes & stones, assuredly +I knowe none of that kinde in Englande, neither haue I receaued by +reporte that there is any suche, albeit I haue bene diligent & busie +in demaunding the question as well of fishermen, as also of huntesmen in +that behalfe being carefull and earnest to learne and vnderstand of them +if any such were,</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Lutra.</p> +<p>nisi Lutram piscem dicas, ut à multis creditur:</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>except you holde opinion that the beauer or Otter is a fishe (as many +haue beleeued) & according to their beliefe affirmed,</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Pupinus.</p> +<p>quo modo & Pupinus avis piscis esse dicitur & habetur. Sed +qui perquirit piscem (si quis perquirat) venationisne causa, an famis +faciat, more cæterorum canum, qui per inediam cadaverum morticinam +carnem appetere solent, tum demum ad te scribam, cum de ea re certior +fiam.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>and as the birde <i>Pupine</i>, is thought to be a fishe and so +accounted. But that kinde of dogge which followeth the fishe to +apprehend and take it (if there bee any of that disposition and +property) whether they do this for the game of hunting, or for the heate +of hunger, as other Dogges do which rather then they wil be famished for +want of foode, couet the carckases of carrion and putrifyed fleshe. When +I am fully resolued and disburthened of this doubt I wil send you +certificate in writing.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Interim id scio, Ælianum & Aetium Lutram κύνα ποτάμιον solere +appellare. Intelligo etiam Lutram hoc habere cum cane commune, quòd per +inopiam piscium excursiones in terram faciat, atque agnos laniet, +rursusque ad aquam satur redeat. Sed inter nostros canes is non est.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>In the meane season I am not ignorant of that both Ælianus, and +Ælius, call the Beauer <span class = "greek" title = "kuna potamion [misprinted as κὐναποτάμιον]">κύνα ποτάμιον</span> a water dogge, or a +dogge fishe, I know likewise thus much more, that the Beauer doth +participate this propertie with the dogge, namely, that when fishes be +scarse they leaue the water and raunge vp and downe the lande, making an +insatiable slaughter of young lambes vntil theyr paunches be +replenished, and whẽ they haue fed themselues full of fleshe, then +returne they to the water, from whence they came. But albeit so much be +graunted that this Beauer is a dogge, yet it is to be noted that we +recken it not in the beadrowe of Englishe dogges as we haue done the +rest.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Phoca.</p> +<p>Phoca etiam inter scopulos atque saxa prædatur piscem, sed in numero +canum nostratium habitus non est, etsi canis marinus à nostris +appelletur.</p> +</td> +<td><p>The sea Calfe, in like maner, which our country mẽ for breuitie +sake call a Seele, other more largely name a <i>Sea Vele</i>, maketh a +spoyle of fishes betweene rockes and banckes, but it is not accounted in +the catalogue or nũber of our Englishe dogges, notwithstanding we call +it by the name of a Sea dogge or a sea Calfe. And thus much for our +dogges of the second sort called in Latine <i>Aucupatorij</i>, seruing +to take fowle either by land or water.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td></td> +<td> +<h4>¶ A Diall pertaining to the <i>second Section</i>.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td>Aucupatorii.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "tworight"> +Hispaniolus.<br> +Spainel. +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "tworight"> +Index.<br> +Setter. +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "tworight"> +<p>Aquaticus, seu Inquisitor.</p> +<p>Water-spainel, or Fynder.</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</td> +<td> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td><p>Dogges seruing the disport of fowling.<br> +are diuided into</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "threeright"> +Land spaniels<br> +Setters<br> +Water spaniels or finders. +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>called in latine <i>Canes Aucupatorij</i></p> +<p>The fisher is not of their number, but seuerall.</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Ex generosis delicatis,<br> +Melitæus seu fotor.</td> +<td> +<h3><a name = "dual_delic" id = "dual_delic"> +The thirde Section of this <i>abridgement</i>.</a></h3> + +<p>Nowe followeth in due order and conuenient place our Englishe Dogges +of the thirde gentle kinde, what they are called to what vse they serue, +and what sort of people plant their pleasure in thẽ, which because they +neede no curious canuassing and nye syfting, wee meane to bee so much +the briefer.</p> +<h4>Of the delicate, neate, and pretty kind of dogges called the Spaniel +gentle, or the comforter, in Latine <i>Melitæus or Fotor</i>.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Est & aliud genus canum generosorum apud nos, sed extra horum +ordinem, quos Melitæos Callimachus vocat, à Melita insula in freto +Siculo (quæ hodie usu derivante Malta vulgo dicitur, & christiano +milite nobilis existit) unde ortum id genus habuit maximè: atque à +Melita Siculi Pachyni, ut author Strabo est.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>There is, besides those which wee haue already deliuered, another +sort of gentle dogges in this our Englishe soyle but exempted from the +order of the residue, the Dogges of this kinde doth <i>Callimachus</i> +call <i>Melitæos</i>, of the Iseland <i>Melita</i>, in the sea of +<i>Sicily</i>, (what at this day is named <i>Malta</i>, an Iseland in +deede, famous and renoumed, with couragious and puisaunt souldiours +valliauntly fighting vnder the banner of Christ their vnconquerable +captaine) where this kind of dogges had their principall beginning.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Perexiguum id est planè, & fœminarum lusibus ac deliciis tantum +expetitum, quibus, quo minus est, eo gratius est, ut sinu gestent in +cubiculis, & manu in pilentis,</p> +</td> +<td> +<p class = "break"> +These dogges are litle, pretty, proper, and fyne, and sought for to +satisfie the delicatenesse of daintie dames, and wanton womens wills, +instrumentes of folly for them to play and dally withall, to tryfle away +the treasure of time, to withdraw their mindes from more commendable +exercises, and to content their corrupted concupiscences with vaine +disport (A selly shift to shunne yrcksome ydlnesse.) These puppies +the smaller they be, the more pleasure they prouoke, as more meete play +fellowes for minsing mistrisses to beare in their bosoms, to keepe +company withal in their chambers, to succour with sleepe in bed, and +nourishe with meate at bourde, to lay in their lappes, and licke their +lippes as they ryde in their waggons, and good reason it should be so, +for coursnesse with fynenesse hath no fellowship, but featnesse with +neatenesse hath neighbourhood enough. That plausible prouerbe verified +vpon a Tyraunt, namely that he loued his sowe better then his sonne, may +well be applyed to these kinde of people who delight more in dogges that +are depriued of all possibility of reason, then they doe in children +that be capeable of wisedome and iudgement. But this abuse peraduenture +raigneth where there hath bene long lacke of issue, or else where +barrennes is the best blossome of bewty.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td></td> +<td> +<h4>The vertue which remaineth in the Spainell gentle otherwise called +the comforter.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>genus sanè ad omnia inutile, nisi quòd stomachi dolorem sedat, +applicatum sæpius, aut in sinu ægri gestatum frequentius, caloris +moderatione.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Notwithstanding many make much of those pretty puppies called +Spaniels gentle, yet if the question were demaunded what propertie in +them they spye, which shoulde make them so acceptable and precious in +their sight, I doubt their aunswere would be long a coyning. But seeing +it was our intent to trauaile in this treatise, so that y<sup>e</sup> +reader might reape some benefite by his reading, we will communicate +vnto you such coniectures as are grounded upon reason. And though some +suppose that such dogges are fyt for no seruice, I dare say, by their +leaues, they be in a wrong boxe. Among all other qualities therfore of +nature, which be knowne (for some conditions are couered with continuall +and thicke clouds, that the eye of our capacities can not pearse through +thẽ) we +find that these litle dogs are good to asswage the sicknesse of the +stomacke being oftentimes thervnto applyed as a plaster preseruatiue, or +borne in the bosom of the diseased and weake person, which effect is +performed by theyr moderate heate.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Quin & transire quoque morbos ægritudine eorum intelligitur, +plerumque & morte: quasi malo in eos transeunte caloris +similitudine.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Moreouer the disease and sicknesse chaungeth his place and entreth +(though it be not precisely marcked) into the dogge, which to be no +vntruth, experience can testify, for these kinde of dogges sometimes +fall sicke, and sometime die, without any harme outwardly inforced, +which is an argument that the disease of the gentleman, or gentle woman +or owner whatsoeuer, entreth into the dogge by the operation of heate +intermingled and infected.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Generosorum canum genus jam explicui: Nunc rusticum adjicio.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>And thus haue I hetherto handled dogges of a gentle kinde whom I haue +comprehended in a triple diuisiõ. Now it remaineth that I annex in due +order such dogges as be of a more homely kinde.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td></td> +<td> +<h4>A Diall pertaining to the <i>thirde Section</i>.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td>Delicati.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "tworight"> +Melitæus, seu Fotor.<br> +Spainel-gentle, or Comforter.</td> +</tr> +</table> + +</td> +<td> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td> +<p>In the third section is cõtained one kind of dog which is called +the</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "tworight"> +<p>Spaniell gentle<br> +or the cõforter,</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>It is also called</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "threeright"> +<p>A chamber cõpanion,</p> +<p>A pleasaunt playfellow,</p> +<p>A pretty worme,</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><p>generally called <i>Canis delicatus</i>.</p></td> +</tr> +</table> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Ex rusticis.</td> +<td> +<h3><a name = "dual_rustic" id = "dual_rustic"> +The fourth Section of this <i>discourse</i>.</a></h3> + +<h4>Dogges of a course kind seruing for many necessary vses called in +Latine <i>Canes rustici</i>, and first of the shepherds dogge called in +Latine <i>Canis Pastoralis</i>.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>In eo memorabilia duo tantum genera sunt: pecuarium seu pastorale, +& villaticum seu Molossum:</p> +</td> +<td> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td>Dogges of the courser sort are</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "tworight"> +The shepherds dogge<br> +The mastiue or Bandogge. +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>These two are the principall.</td> +</tr> +</table> + +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>alterum ad propellendas injurias ferarum, alterum adversus insidias +hominum utile.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>The first kinde, namely the shepherds hounde is very necessarye and +profitable for the auoyding of harmes and inconueniences which may come +to men by the meanes of beastes. The second sort serue to succour +against the snares and attemptes of mischiefous men.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Pastoralis.</p> +<p>Pastorale nostrum mediocre est, quòd illi cum Lupo, naturali pecori +inimico, res non est, cum apud nos nullus est, beneficio optimi +principis Edgari, qui, quò genus universum deleretur, Cambris (apud quos +in magna copia erant) vectigalis nomine in annos imperavit trecentos +lupos.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Our shepherdes dogge is not huge, vaste, and bigge, but of an +indifferent stature and growth, because it hath not to deale with the +bloudthyrsty wolf, sythence there be none in England, which happy and +fortunate benefite is to be ascribed to the puisaunt Prince +<i>Edgar</i>, who to thintent y<sup>t</sup> the whole countrey myght be +euacuated and quite cleered from wolfes, charged & commaunded the +welshemẽ (who were pestered with these butcherly beastes aboue measure) +to paye him yearely tribute which was (note the wisedome of the King) +three hundred Wolfes.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Lupi nulli in Britannia.</p> +<p>Sunt qui scribunt Ludwallum Cambriæ principem pendisse annuatim +Edgaro regi 3000 luporum tributi nomine, atque ita annis quatuor omnem +Cambriam atque adeo omnem Angliam orbasse lupis.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Some there be which write that <i>Ludwall</i> Prince of Wales paide +yeerely to King <i>Edgar</i> three hundred wolfes in the name of an +exaction (as we haue sayd before.) And that by the meanes hereof, within +the compasse and tearme of foure yeares, none of those noysome, and +pestilent Beastes were left in the coastes of England and Wales.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Edgarus.</p> +<p>Regnavit autem Edgarus circiter annum +Domini 959. A quo tempore non legimus nativum in Anglia visum +lupum: advectum tamen quæstus faciundi causa ex alienis regionibus, ut +spectetur tantum, tanquam animal rarum & incognitum, sæpius +vidimus.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>This <i>Edgar</i> wore the Crowne royall, and bare the Scepter +imperiall of this kingdome, about the yeere of our Lorde, nyne hundred +fifty, nyne. Synce which time we reede that no Wolfe hath bene seene in +England, bred within the bounds and borders of this countrey, mary there +have bene diuers brought ouer from beyonde the seas, for greedynesse of +gaine and to make money, for gasing and gaping, staring, and standing to +see them, being a straunge beast, rare, and seldom seene in England.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Sed ad canem pastoralem. Is ad certam heri jubentis vocem, aut ex +pugno concluso & inflato clariorem sibilum, errantes oves in eum +locum redigit, in quem pastor maximè desiderat; sic ut levi negotio, +& immoto ferè pede, pastor quo velit modo ovibus moderetur, vel ut +se promoveant, vel gradum sistant, pedem referant, vel in hanc illamve +partem se inclinent.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>But to returne to our shepherds dogge. This dogge either at the +hearing of his masters voyce, or at the wagging and whisteling in his +fist, or at his shrill and horse hissing bringeth the wandring weathers +and straying sheepe, into the selfe same place where his masters will +and wishe is to haue thẽ, wherby the shepherd reapeth this benefite, +namely, that with litle labour and no toyle or mouing of his feete he +may rule and guide his flocke, according to his owne desire, either to +haue them go forward, or to stand still, or to drawe backward, or to +turne this way, or to take that way.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Etenim non ut in Gallia & Germania, non ut in Syria & +Tartaria, sic in Anglia quoque oves pastorem sequuntur, sed contra, +pastor oves. Quandoque etiam nullo procurrente aut circumeunte cane, ad +solum ex pugno sibilum sese congregant palantes oves, metu canis credo, +memores unà cum sibilo prodire quoque & canem solere.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>For it is not in Englande, as it is in <i>Fraunce</i>, as it is in +<i>Flaunders</i>, as it is in <i>Syria</i>, as it in <i>Tartaria</i>, +where the sheepe follow the shepherd, for heere in our country the +sheepherd followeth the sheepe. And somtimes the straying sheepe, when +no dogge runneth before them, nor goeth about & beside them, gather +themselues together in a flocke, when they heere the sheepherd whistle +in his fist, for feare of the Dogge (as I imagine) remembring this (if +vnreasonable creatures may be reported to haue memory) that the Dogge +commonly runneth out at his masters warrant which is his whistle.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Id quod in itinere diligenter sæpius observavimus, ad pastoris +sibilum refrænantes equos, quo videremus rei experimentum. Eodem etiam +cane ovem vel mactandum prehendit, vel sanandum pastor capit, nulla +prorsus læsione.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>This haue we oftentimes diligently marcked in taking our journey from +towne to towne, when wee haue hard a sheepherd whistle we haue rayned in +our horse and stoode styll a space, to see the proofe and triall of this +matter. Furthermore with this dogge doth the sheepherd take sheepe for +y<sup>e</sup> slaughter, and to be healed if they be sicke, no hurt or +harme in the world done to the simple creature.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Villaticus seu Catenarius.</td> +<td> +<h4>Of the mastiue or Bandogge called in Latine <i>Villaticus</i> or +<i>Cathenarius</i>.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Villaticum vastum genus est & robustum, corpore quidem grave +& parum velox, sed aspectu truculentum, voce terrificum, & +quovis Arcadico (qui tamen ex leonibus creditur provenire) potentius +atque acrius.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>This kinde of Dogge called a mastyue or Bandogge is vaste, huge, +stubborne, ougly, and eager, of a heuy and burthenous body, and therfore +but of litle swiftnesse, terrible, and frightfull to beholde, and more +fearce and fell then any <i>Arcadian</i> curre (notwithstãding they are +sayd to <ins class = "mycorr" title = "printed as shown: error for ‘haue’">ha<i>n</i>e</ins> their generation of the violent Lyon.)</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Quòd villis fideliter custodiendis destinamus, cum metus est à +furibus, villaticum appellamus. His quoque utile id est contra vulpem +atque taxum, qui rem pecuariam faciunt.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>They are called <i>Villatici</i>, because they are appoynted to +watche and keepe farme places and coũtry cotages sequestred from commõ +recourse, and not abutting vpon other houses by reason of distaunce, +when there is any feare conceaued of theefes, robbers, spoylers, and +night wanderers. They are seruiceable against the Foxe and the +Badger,</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Valet etiam ad sues agrestes persequendos, domesticos è frugibus aut +arvis abigendos, taurosque capiendos atque retinendos, cum usus aut +venatio postulat, singuli singulos, aut summum duo singulos, quamvis +intractabiles.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>to drive wilde and tame swyne out of Medowes, pastures, glebelandes +and places planted with fruite, to bayte and take the bull by the eare, +when occasion so requireth. One dogge or two at the vttermost, +sufficient for that purpose be the bull neuer so monsterous, neuer so +fearce, neuer so furious, neuer so stearne, neuer so vntameable.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Est enim acerrimum genus & violentum, formidabile etiam homini, +quem non reformidat. Neque enim ad arma expavescit; quóque acrius fiat, +assuescunt nostri naturam arte & consuetudine juvare.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>For it is a kinde of dogge capeable of courage, violent and valiaunt, +striking could feare into the harts of men, but standing in feare of no +man, in so much that no weapons will make him shrincke, nor abridge his +boldnes. Our Englishe men (to th’ intent that theyr dogges might be the +more fell and fearce) assist nature with arte, vse, and custome,</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Etenim ursos, tauros, arctylos, aliaque fera animalia, præfectis +certaminum arctophylacibus, nullo millo, nullo corio defenses exagitare: +sæpe etiam cum homine sude, clava, enseve armato concertare decent, +atque ita ferociores acrioresque reddunt, & imperterritos +faciunt.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>for they teach theyr dogges to baite the Beare, to baite the Bull and +other such like cruell and bloudy beastes (appointing an ouerseer of the +game) without any collar to defend theyr throtes, and oftentimes they +traine them vp in fighting and wrestling with a man hauing for the +safegarde of his lyfe, eyther a Pikestaffe, a clubbe, or a sworde +and by vsing them to such exercises as these, theyr dogges become more +sturdy and strong.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Vis illis supra fidem, & pertinax mordacitas, usque adeo ut tres +ursum, quatuor vel leonem comprehendant.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>The force which is in them surmounteth all beleefe, the fast holde +which they take with their teeth exceedeth all credit, three of them +against a Beare, fowre against a Lyon are sufficient, both to try +masteryes with them and vtterly to ouermatch them.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Henricus septimus.</p> +<p>Quod videns aliquando (ut fama est) <span class = +"smallcaps">Henricus</span> septimus, Angliæ rex prudentissimus, +quotquot erant suspendi jussit, indignatus ut infimi & ignobilis +generis canes, generoso leoni, & animalium regi violentiam inferant: +memorabili exemplo subditorum, ne quid contra regem gens rebellis +audeat.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Which thing <i>Henry</i> the seuenth of that name, King of England (a +Prince both politique & warlike) perceauing on a certaine time (as +the report runneth) commaunded all such dogges (how many soeuer they +were in number) should be hanged, beyng deepely displeased, and +conceauing great disdaine, that an yll fauoured rascall curre should +with such violent villany, assault the valiaunt Lyon king of all +beastes. An example for all subiectes worthy remembraunce, to admonishe +them that it is no aduantage to them to rebell against y<sup>e</sup> +regiment of their ruler, but to keepe them within the limits of +Loyaltie.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Haud absimilis etiam historia de eo fertur, quod falconem quendam +suum, à falconariis vehementer laudatum, quòd in aquilam quid +auderet, quam mox occidi jussit, ob eandem rationem. Hoc genus canis, +etiam catenarium, à catena ligamento, qua ad januas interdiu +detinetur, ne solutum lædat, & tamen latratu terreat, +appellatur.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>I reede an history aunswerable to this of the selfe same +<i>Henry</i>, who hauing a notable and an excellent fayre Falcon, it +fortuned that the kings Falconers, in the presence and hearing of his +grace, highly commended his Maiesties Falcon, saying that it feared not +to intermeddle with an Eagle, it was so venturous a byrde and so mighty, +which when the King harde, he charged that the Falcon should be killed +without delay, for the selfe same reason (as it may seeme) which was +rehersed in the cõclusion of the former history concerning the same +king. This dogge is called, in like maner, <i>Cathenarius</i>, <i>a +Cathena</i>, of the chaine wherwith he is tyed at the gates, in +y<sup>e</sup> day time, least beyng lose he should doe much mischiefe +and yet might giue occasion of feare and terror by his bigge +barcking.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Cicero.</p> +<p>Et quanquam Cicero<a class = "tag" name = "tagAp" id = "tagAp" href = +"#cicero">A</a> pro S. Ross. opinetur, si canes luce latrent, iis crura +suffringantur, nostri tamen homines propter securitatem vitæ atque rei +longe aliter sentiunt.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>And albeit <i>Cicero</i><a class = "tag" href = "#cicero">C</a> in +his oration had <i>Pro. S. Ross.</i> be of this opinion, that such +Dogges as barcke in the broade day light shoulde haue their legges +broken, yet our countrymen, on this side the seas for their carelessnes +of lyfe setting all at cinque and sice, are of a contrary iudgement.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Fures.</p> +<p>Nam furum apud nos plena sunt omnia, etiam luce, neque infamem mortem +suspendia metuunt.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>For theefes roge vp & down in euery corner, no place is free from +them, no not y<sup>e</sup> princes pallace, nor the country mans cotage. +In the day time they practise pilfering, picking, open robbing, and +priuy stealing, and what legerdemaine lacke they? not fearing the +shamefull and horrible death of hanging.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>In causa est non curta res solum, sed vestis vitæque luxus atque +fastus etiam, sed petulantia, sed otium & superbia Salaconum +μεγαλοῤῥούντων, qui nihil aliud quàm ut equi insultare solo & +gressus glomerare superbos, quàm gyro breviori flecti, qui nihil aliud +quàm cevere, quàm otiosè mendicando accusata non merente corporis +infirmitate spoliare.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>The cause of which inconuenience doth not onely issue from nipping +neede & wringing want, for all y<sup>t</sup> steale, are not pinched +with pouerty, but som steale to maintaine their excessiue and prodigall +expences in apparell, their lewdnes of lyfe, their hautines of hart, +theyr wantonnes of maners, theyr wilfull ydlenes, their ambitious +brauery, and the pryde of the sawcy <i>Salacones’</i> <span class = +"greek" title = "megalorrhountôn [misprinted μεγαλὄρροῦντων]">μεγαλορρούντων</span> vaine glorious and arrogant in +behauiour, whose delight dependeth wholly to mount nimbly on horsebacke, +to make them leape lustely, spring and praunce, galloppe and amble, to +runne a race, to wynde in compasse, and so forthe, liuing all together +vpon the fatnesse of the spoyle. Othersom therbe which steale, being +thereto prouoked by penury & neede, like masterlesse mẽ applying +themselues to no honest trade, but raunging vp and downe impudently +begging, and complayning of bodily weakenesse where is no want of +abilitie.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Valenti­nianus.</p> +<p>Sed his Valentinianus imperator benè prospexit, legibus latis, ut qui +nullo corporis morbo laborantes, corporis infirmitatem desidiosi +ignavique prætexentes, mendicarent, perpetui colono ei inservirent, qui +eorum ignaviam proderet atque accusaret, ne eorum desidia onerosa +populo, odiosave sit exemplo.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>But valiaunt <i>Valentine</i> th’emperour, by holsome lawes prouided +that suche as hauing no corporall sicknesse, solde themselues to +begging, pleded pouerty wyth pretended infirmitie, & cloaked their +ydle and slouthfull life with colourable shifts and cloudy cossening, +should be a perpetuall slaue and drudge to him, by whom their impudent +ydlenes was bewrayed, and layde against them in publique place, least +the insufferable slouthfullnes of such vagabondes should be burthenous +to the people, or being so hatefull and odious, should growe into an +example.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Alfredi vigilantia.</p> +<p>Alfredus quoque regno administrando tanta vigilantia justitiaque usus +est, ut si quis per vias publicas incedens, marsupium auro plenum +vesperi perdidisset, manè, atque adeo post mensem unum, integrum & +intactum inveniret, uti Ingulphus Croylandensis in historia refert.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p><i>Alfredus</i> likewise in the gouernment of his common wealth, +procured such increase of credite to Justice and vpright dealing by his +prudent actes and statutes, that if a mã trauailing by the hygh way of +the countrey vnder his dominion, chaunced to lose a budget full of gold, +or his capcase farsed with things of great value, late in the euening, +he should finde it where he lost it, safe, sound, and vntouched the next +morning, yea (which is a wonder) at any time for a whole monethes space +if he sought for it, as <i>Ingulphus Croyladensis</i> in his History +recordeth.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Nostra autem ætate, nihil ferè securum, ne in ædibus quidem, quamvis +accuratè conclusis.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>But in this our vnhappy age, in these (I say) our deuelishe +dayes nothing can scape the clawes of the spoyler, though it be kept +neuer so sure within the house, albe it the doores bee lockt and boulted +round about. This dogge in like maner of <ins class = "mycorr" title = +"text reads ‘Grecians’"><i>Græcians</i></ins> is called <span class = +"greek" title = "oikouros">οἰκουρος</span><ins class = "mycorr" title = +". missing">. </ins></p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Canis custos.</td> +<td> +<h4>Of the latinists <i>Canis <ins class = "authcorr" title = "corrected by author from ‘Cultos’">Custos</ins></i>, in Englishe the Dogge +keeper.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Custos quoque (Græcis οἰκουρὸς) a +custodiendis non solum villis, sed & mercatorum ædibus, & quibus +ampla res est domi, canis iste nominatur. Eam ob rem canes publicæ +alebantur Romæ in Capitolio, ut significent si fures venerint.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Borrowing his name of his seruire, for he doth not onely keepe +farmers houses, but also merchaunts maisons, wherin great wealth, +riches, substaunce, and costly stuffe is reposed. And therfore were +certaine dogges founde and maintained at the common costes and charges +of the Citizens of <i>Rome</i> in the place called <i>Capitolium</i>, to +giue warning of theefes comming.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Canis laniarius.</td> +<td> +<p>This kind of dogge, is also called,</p> + +<h4>In latine <i>Canis Laniarius</i> in Englishe the Butchers +Dogge.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Dicitur & Laniarium, quòd eorum usus multus sit laniis agendis +& capiendis bestiis.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>So called for the necessity of his vse, for his seruice affoordeth +great benefite to the Butcher as well in following as in taking his +cattell when neede constraineth, vrgeth, and requireth.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Molossicus.</td> +<td> +<p>This kinde of dogge is likewise called,</p> + +<h4>In latine <i>Molossicus</i> or <i>Molossus</i>.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Sed & Molossicum quoque & Molossum latinis dicitur, +à Molossia Epiri regione, ubi hoc genus canes boni & acres +erant.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>After the name of a countrey in <i>Epirus</i> called <i>Molossia</i>, +which harboureth many stoute, stronge, and sturdy Dogges of this sort, +for the dogges of that countrey are good in deede, or else their is no +trust to be had in the testimonie of writers.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Mandatarius.</td> +<td> +<p>This dogge is also called,</p> + +<h4>In latine <i>Canis Mandatarius</i> a Dogge messinger or +Carrier.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Est ex hoc genere quem Mandatarium ex argumento appellamus: quòd +domini mandato literas aliasve res de loco in locum transferat, vel +mellio inclusas, vel eidem alligatas. Quæ ne intercipiantur, vel pugna, +vel fuga si impar sit, diligenter cavet.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Upon substanciall consideration, because at his masters voyce and +commaundement, he carrieth letters from place to place, wrapped vp +cunningly in his lether collar, fastened therto, or sowed close therin, +who, least he should be hindered in his passage vseth these helpes very +skilfully, namely resistaunce in fighting if he be not ouermatched, or +else swiftnesse & readinesse in running away, if he be vnable to +buckle with the dogge that would faine haue a snatch at his skinne.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Lunarius.</td> +<td> +<p>This kinde of dogge is likewise called,</p> + +<h4>In latine <i>Canis Lunarius</i>, in Englishe the Mooner.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Est & Lunarium, quòd nihil aliud quàm excubias agit, quàm +insomnes noctes totas protrahit baubando ad lunam, ut Nonii verbo +utar.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Because he doth nothing else but watch and warde at an ynche, wasting +the wearisome night season without slombering or sleeping, bawing & +wawing at the Moone (that I may vse the word of <i>Nonius</i>) +a qualitie in mine opinion straunge to consider.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Aquarius.</td> +<td> +<p>This kinde of dogge is also called.</p> + +<h4>In latine <i>Aquarius</i> in Englishe a water drawer.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Ex quibus grandiores atque graviores, etiam rotæ amplioris +circumactu, aquam ex altis puteis ad usus rusticos hauriunt, quos +Aquarios appellamus ex officio:</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>And these be of the greater and the waighter sort drawing water out +of wells and deepe pittes, by a wheele which they turne rounde about by +the mouing of their burthenous bodies.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Sarcinarius.</td> +<td> +<p>This kinde of dogge is called in like maner.</p> + +<h4><i>Canis Sarcinarius</i> in Latine, and may aptly be englished a +Tynckers Curre.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>& sarctores ærarios vagos manticis ferendis memorabili patientia +levant; à qua re sarcinarios nuncupamus.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Because with marueilous pacience they beare bigge budgettes fraught +with Tinckers tooles, and mettall meete to mend kettels, porrige pottes, +skellets, and chafers, and other such like trumpery requisite for their +occupacion and loytering trade, easing him of a great burthen which +otherwise he himselfe should carry vpon his shoulders, which condition +hath challenged vnto them the foresaid name.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Defensor.</p> +<p>Præter has villaticorum qualitates atque usus, hanc unam habent +præcipuam, quòd amantes dominorum sunt, & odium gerant in externos. +Quo fit ut per itinera dominis in præsidio sunt, quos à furibus +defendunt, vivos salvosque conservant:</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Besides the qualities which we haue already recounted, this kind of +dogges hath this principall property ingrafted in them, that they loue +their masters liberally, and hate straungers despightfully, wherevpon it +followeth that they are to their masters, in traueiling a singuler +safgard, defending them forceably from the inuasion of villons and +theefes, preseruing their lyfes from losse, and their health from +hassard, theyr fleshe from hacking and hewing with such like desperate +daungers.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>a qua re etiam canes defensores jure dici possunt.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>For which consideration they are meritoriously tearmed,</p> + +<h4>In Latine <i>Canes defensores</i> defending dogges in our mother +tounge.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Canum amor & fides.</p> +<p>At si quando vel multitudine, vel majori vi opprimatur dominus atque +concidat, usu compertum est, herum non deserere ne mortuum quidem, sed +eum ad multos dies per famis & cœli injuriæ patientiam peramanter +observare, & homicidam, si occasio dabitur, interficere, aut saltem +prodere vel latratu, vel ira, vel hostili insultu, quasi +mortem heri ulturum.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>If it chaunce that the master bee oppressed, either by a multitude, +or by the greater violence & so be beaten downe that he lye +groueling on the grounde, (it is proued true by experience) that this +Dogge forsaketh not his master, no not when he is starcke deade: But +induring the force of famishment and the outragious tempestes of the +weather, most vigilantly watcheth and carefully keepeth the deade +carkasse many dayes, indeuouring, furthermore, to kil the murtherer of +his master, if he may get any aduantage. Or else by barcking, by +howling, by furious iarring, snarring, and such like meanes betrayeth +the malefactour as desirous to haue the death of his aforesayde Master +rigorouslye reuenged.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Kingestoune.</p> +<p>Hujus rei exemplo fuit nostra memoria canis cujusdam viatoris, qui +Londino recta Kingestonum, octo regum coronatione percelebre oppidum, +profecturus, cum bonam itineris partem confecisset, latronum insidiis in +Comparco, valli amplo & spatioso, nemoribus obsito, & +latrociniis infami loco, occubuit.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p><ins class = "mycorr" title = "text reads ‘And’">An</ins> example +hereof fortuned within the compasse of my memory. The Dogge of a +certaine wayefaring man trauailing from the Citie of London directly to +the Towne of Kingstone (most famous and renowned by reason of the +triumphant coronation of eight seuerall Kings) passing ouer a good +portion of his iourney was assaulted and set vpon by certaine +confederate theefes laying in waight for the spoyle in +<i>Comeparcke</i>, a perillous bottom, compassed about wyth woddes +to well knowne for the manyfolde murders & mischeefeous robberies +theyr committed. Into whose handes this passinger chaunced to fall, so +that his ill lucke cost him the price of his lyfe.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Canis item ille Britannus genere, quem Blondus sua memoria scribit, +non longe Parisiis hero à rivali interempto, & homicidam prodidisse, +& ni canis ultionem homicida deprecatus esset, jugulaturum +fuisse.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>And that Dogge whose syer was Englishe (which <i>Blondus</i> +registreth to haue bene within the banckes of his remẽbrance) manifestly +perceauyng that his Master was murthered (this chaunced not farre from +<i>Paris</i>) by the handes of one which was a suiter to the same womã, +whom he was a wooer vnto, dyd both bewraye the bloudy butcher, and +attempted to teare out the villons throate if he had not sought meanes +to auoyde the reuenging rage of the Dogge.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>In incendiis quoque in conticinio seu intempesta nocte incidentibus, +eo usque latrant annosi canes, etiam prohibiti, dum à domesticis +excitatis percipiatur focus; & tum sua sponte cessant à latratu, +quod usu compertum est in Britannia.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>In fyers also which fortune in the silence and dead time of the +night, or in stormy weather of the sayde season, the older dogges +barcke, ball, howle, and yell (yea notwithstandyng they bee roughly +rated) neyther will they stay their tounges till the householde +seruauntes, awake, ryse, searche, and see the burning of the fyre, which +beyng perceaued they vse voluntary silence, and cease from yolping. This +hath bene, and is founde true by tryall, in sundry partes of +England.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Nec minor erat fides in eo cane qui domino profundam foveam per +venatum incidenti nunquam abfuit, dum sui unius indicio sublatus is per +funem fuit: in quem, cum oris cavernæ proximus esset, insiliebat canis, +tanquam ulnis amplexurus revertentem herum, impatiens longioris +moræ.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>There was no faynting faith in that Dogge, which when his Master by a +mischaunce in hunting stumbled and fell toppling downe a deepe dytche +beyng vnable to recouer of himselfe, the Dogge signifying his masters +mishappe, reskue came, and he was hayled up by a rope, whom the Dogge +seeyng almost drawne up to the edge of the dytche, cheerefully saluted, +leaping and skipping vpon his master as though he woulde haue imbraced +hym, beyng glad of his presence, whose longer absence he was lothe to +lacke.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Canum ingenia.</p> +<p>Sunt qui focum non patiuntur dissipari, sed prunas in focum pede +removent, prius cogitabundi aspicientes qua ratione id possit à se +fieri. Quod si pruna ardentior fuerit, cinere obruunt, ac dein nare in +locum promovent. Sunt quoque qui noctu villici officium præstant.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Some Dogges there be, which will not suffer fyery coales to lye +skattered about the hearthe, but with their pawes wil rake up the +burnyng coales, musying and studying fyrst with themselues how it myght +conueniently be done. And if so bee that the coales cast to great a +heate then will they buyry them in ashes and so remoue them forwarde to +a fyt place wyth theyr noses. Other Dogges bee there which exequute the +office of a Farmer in the nyghte tyme.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Cum enim lectum petit herus, & omnia centum ærei claudunt vectes, +æternaque ferri robora, nec custos absistit limine Janus (ut scribit +Virgilius) tum si prodire jubeat herus canem, is per fundos omnes +oberrat, quovis villico diligentior, & si alienum quid invenerit +sive hominem, sive bestiam, abigit, domesticis relictis animalibus atque +servis.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>For when his master goeth to bedde to take his naturall sleepe, And +when,</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>A hundred barres of brasse and yron boltes,</p> +<p>Make all things safe from startes and from reuoltes.</p> +<p>VVhen Ianus keepes the gate with Argos eye,</p> +<p>That daungers none approch, ne mischiefes nye.</p> +</div> + +<p>As Virgill vaunteth in his verses, Then if his master byddeth him go +abroade, he lingereth not, but raungeth ouer all his lands lying there +about, more diligently, I wys, then any farmer himselfe. And if he finde +anything their that is straunge and pertaining to other persons besides +his master, whether it be man, woman, or beast, he driueth them out of +the ground, not medling with any thing which doth belong to the +possession and vse of his master.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Sed quanta in his fidelitas, tanta varietas in ingeniis.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>But how much faythfulnes, so much diuersitie there is in their +natures,</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Nam sunt qui ore infræno latrent tantum nullo morsu; verum hi minus +tremendi, quòd timidiores sunt. Canes enim timidi vehementius latrant, +ut est in proverbio. Sunt qui latrent atque mordeant.</p> +</td> +<td> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td>For there be some,</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "threeright"> +<p>Which barcke only with free and open throate but will not bite,</p> +<p>Which doe both barcke and byte,</p> +<p>Which bite bitterly before they barcke,</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>The first are not greatly to be feared, because they themselues are +fearefull, and fearefull dogges (as the prouerbe importeth) barcke most +vehemently.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Ab his cavendum quidem, quia admonent futuræ injuriæ, sed non +lacessendum, quoniam ira concitantur ad dentem, ipsi etiam natura +acerbiores.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p class = "break"> +The second are daungerous, it is wisedome to take heede of them because +they sounde, as it were, an <i>Alarum</i> of an afterclappe, and these +dogges must not be ouer much moued or prouoked, for then they take on +outragiously as if they were madde, watching to set the print of their +teeth in the fleshe. And these kinde of dogges are fearce and eager by +nature.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Sunt qui sine voce prosiliunt, impetu involant, jugulum petunt, & +crudelius lacerant. Hos formidato, quia ammosiores sunt, & incautos +opprimunt.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p class = "break"> +The thirde are deadly, for they flye upon a man, without vtteraunce of +voyce, snatch at him, and catche him by the throate, and most cruelly +byte out colloppes of fleashe. Feare these kind of Curres, (if thou be +wise and circumspect about thine owne safetie) for they bee stoute and +stubberne dogges, and set vpon a man at a sodden vnwares.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Notæ ignaviæ aut audaciæ.</p> +<p>Istis notis ignavum genus a strenuo, audax a timido discernunt +nostri. Etenim ex malo genere, ne catulum quidem habendum existimant, +quòd nullum necessariis usibus humanis commodiorem canem isto +putent.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>By these signes and tokens, by these notes and argumentes our men +discerne the cowardly curre from the couragious dogge the bolde from the +fearefull, the butcherly from the gentle and tractable. Moreouer they +coniecture that a whelpe of an yll kinde is not worthe the keeping and +that no dogge can serue the sundry vses of men so aptly and so +conueniently as this sort of whom we haue so largely written +already.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Nam si quis commemoratos eorum usus ad summas velit revocare, quis +hominum clarius aut tanta vociferatione bestiam vel furem prædicat, quam +iste latratu? quis domitor ferarum potentior? quis famulus amantior +domini? quis fidelior comes? quis custos incorruptior? quis excubitor +vigilantior? quis ultor aut vindex constantior? quis nuncius expeditior? +quis aquarius laboriosior? quis denique sarctor ærarius gestandis +sarcinis tolerantior?</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>For if any be disposed to drawe the aboue named seruices into a +table, what mã more clearely, and with more vehemency of voyce giueth +warning eyther of a wastefull beast, or of a spoiling theefe then this? +who by his barcking (as good as a burning beacon) foreshoweth hassards +at hand? What maner of beast stronger? what seruaũt to his master more +louing? what companion more trustie? what watchman more vigilant? what +reuenger more constant? what messinger more speedie? what water bearer +more painefull? Finally what packhorse more patient?</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Atque hæc quidem de canibus Britannicis generosis atque rusticis, qui +genus suum servant, diximus.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>And thus much concerning English Dogges, first of the gentle kinde, +secondly of the courser kinde. Nowe it remaineth that we deliuer vnto +you the Dogges of a mungrell or a currishe kinde, and then will wee +perfourme our taske.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td></td> +<td> +<h4>¶ A Diall pertaining to the <i>fourth Section</i>.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td>Rustici.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "tworight"> +Pastoralis.<br> +Shepherd’s Dog.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "tworight"> +<p>Villaticus, seu Catenarius.</p> +Mastive, or Bandedog. +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +</td> +<td> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td> +<p>Dogs comprehended in y<sup>e</sup> fourth <ins class = "mycorr" title += "text reads ‘secion’">section</ins> are these</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "tworight"> +The shepherds dogge<br> +The Mastiue or Bandogge, +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>which hath sundry names diriued frõ sundry circũstances as</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "leftline"> +The keeper or watch man<br> +The butchers dogge<br> +The messinger or carrier<br> +The Mooner<br> +The water drawer<br> +The Tinckers curr<br> +The fencer, +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>called in Latine <i>Canes Rustici</i>.</td> +</tr> +</table> + +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Ex degeneribus.</td> +<td> +<h3><a name = "dual_degen" id = "dual_degen"> +The fifth Section of this <i>treatise</i>.</a></h3> + +<h4>Containing Curres of the mungrell and rascall sort and first of the +Dogge called in Latine, <i>Admonitor</i>, and of vs in Englishe VVappe +or VVarner.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>De degeneribus, & ex horum diverso genere mixtis, quòd nullam +insignem veri generis qualitatem formamque referant, non est quod velim +plura scribere, sed ut inutiles ablegare, nisi quòd vel advenas latratu +excipiant, etiam luce, & eorum adventus domesticos +commonefaciant,</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Of such dogges as keepe not their kinde, of such as are mingled out +of sundry sortes not imitating the conditions of some one certaine +spice, because they resẽble no notable shape, nor exercise any worthy +property of the true perfect and gentle kind, it is not necessarye that +I write any more of them, but to banishe them as vnprofitable +implements, out of the boundes of my Booke, vnprofitable I say for any +vse that is commendable, except to intertaine straũgers with their +barcking in the day time, giuyng warnyng to them of the house, that such +& such be newly come,</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Admonitor.</p> +<p>unde canes admonitores appellamus:</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>wherevpon we call them admonishing Dogges, because in that point they +performe theyr office.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td></td> +<td> +<h4>Of the Dogge called Turnespete in Latine <i>Veruuersator</i>.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>vel quòd in officio culinario, cum assandum est, inserviant, & +rota minore gradiendo, verua circumagant, pondereque suo æquabiliter +versent, ut ne calo aut lixa quidem artificiosius;</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>There is comprehended, vnder the curres of the coursest kinde, a +certaine dogge in kytchen seruice excellent. For whẽ any meate is to bee +roasted they go into a wheele which they turning rounde about with the +waight of their bodies, so diligently looke to their businesse, that no +drudge nor skullion can doe the feate more cunningly.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Versator.</p> +<p>quos hinc canes versatores, seu veruversatores nostrum vulgus +nominat: postremos omnium generum, quæ primo memoravimus.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Whom the popular sort herevpon call Turnespets, being the last of all +those which wee haue first mencioned.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Tympanista.</td> +<td> +<h4>Of the Dogge called the Daunser, in Latine <i>Saltator</i> or +<i>Tympanista</i>.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Sunt etiam canes nostri degeneres & ad tympanum saltare, & ad +lyræ modos se movere docti, multaque alia erecti pronique facere, quæ à +vagis quæstuosisque heris exequi didicerunt.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>There be also dogges among vs of a mungrell kind which are taught and +exercised to daunce in measure at the musicall sounde of an instrument, +as, at the iust stroke of the drombe, at the sweete accent of the +Cyterne, & tuned strings of the harmonious Harpe showing many pretty +trickes by the gesture of their bodies. As to stand bolte upright, to +lye flat vpon the grounde, to turne rounde as a ringe holding their +tailes in their teeth, to begge for theyr meate, and sundry such +properties, which they learne of theyr vagabundicall masters, whose +instrumentes they are to gather gaine, withall in Citie, Country, Towne, +and Village. As some which carry olde apes on their shoulders in +coloured iackets to moue men to laughter for a litle lucre.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Lyciscus.</td> +<td> +<h4>Of other Dogges, a short conclusion, wonderfully ingendred<a class = +"tag" name = "tagBp" id = "tagBp" href = "#lobster">B</a> within the +coastes of this country.</h4> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td>Three sortes of them,</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "tworight"> +<p>The first bred of a bytch and a wolfe,</p> +<p>In Latine <i>Lyciscus</i>.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "tworight"> +<p>The second of a bytche and a foxe,</p> +<p>In Latine <i>Lacæna</i>.</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "tworight"> +<p>The third of a beare and a bandogge,</p> +<p>In Latine <i>Vrcanus</i>.</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Lyciscum nullum istic in Anglia habemus nativum, ut ne lupum quidem +ut est ante comprehensum, nec aliud genus ullum præter Lacænam & +Urcanum:</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Of the first we haue none naturally bred within the borders of +England. The reason is for the want of wolfes, without whom no such +kinde of Dogge can bee ingendred. Againe it is deliuered vnto thee in +this discourse, how and by what meanes, by whose benefite, and within +what circuite of tyme, this country was cleerely discharged of rauenyng +wolfes, and none at all left, no, not to the least number, or the +beginnyng of a number, which is an <i>Vnari</i>.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Lacæna.</p> +<p>illam ex cane & vulpe (quam multam habet Anglia, & domi inter +canes vel animi vel morbi causa sæpè alit)</p> +</td> +<td> +<p class = "break"> +Of the second sort we are not vtterly voyde of some, because this our +Englishe soyle is not free from foxes (for in deede we are not without a +multitude of them in so much as diuerse keepe, foster, and feede them in +their houses among their houndes and dogges, eyther for some maladie of +mind, or for some sicknesse of body,) which peraduenture the savour of +that subtill beast would eyther mitigate or expell.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Urcanus.</p> +<p>hunc ex urso & cane catenario; quos licet inimicos, pruriens +tamen libido sæpè ita hic conjungit, ut alibi solet.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p class = "break"> +The thirde kinde which is bred of a Beare and a Bandogge we want not +heare in England, (A straunge & wonderfull effect, that cruell +enimyes should enter into y<sup>e</sup> worke of copulation & bring +forth so sauage a curre.) Undoubtedly it is euen so as we haue reported, +for the fyery heate of theyr fleshe, or rather the pricking thorne, or +most of all, the tyckling lust of lechery, beareth such swinge and sway +in them, that there is no contrairietie for the time, but of constraint +they must ioyne to ingender. And why should not this bee consonant to +truth? why shoulde not these beastes breede in this lande, as well as in +other forreigne nations?</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Nam cum tigride Hircanos, cum leone Arcadicos, cum lupo Gallicos +commiscuisse legimus. In hominibus quoque quibus ratio est, inimicos +animos conciliat stulta illa res & naturalis, ut Moria loquitur.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>For wee reede that Tigers and dogges in <i>Hircania</i>, that Lyons +and Dogges in <i>Arcadia</i>, and that wolfes and dogges in +<i>Francia</i>, couple and procreate. In men and women also lyghtened +with the lantarne of reason (but vtterly voide of vertue) that foolishe, +frantique, and fleshely action, (yet naturally sealed in vs) worketh so +effectuously, y<sup>t</sup> many tymes it doth reconcile enimyes, set +foes at freendship, vnanimitie, & atonement, as <i>Moria</i> +mencioneth.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Est hic urcanus, sæva bestia, & intractabilis iræ (ut Gratii +poetæ verbis utar) cæteros canes nostros omnes feroci crudelitate +superans, vel aspectus torvitate terribilis, in pugna acris & +vehemens, tantaque mordacitate, ut citius discerpas quàm dissolvas; nec +lupum nec taurum, ursum aut leonem reformidat: vel cum cane illo +Alexandri Indico certe conferendus. Sed de his hactenus ut de +Britannicis verba fecimus.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>The <i>Vrcane</i> which is bred of a beare and a dogge,</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>Is fearce, is fell, is stoute and stronge,</p> +<p>And byteth sore to fleshe and bone,</p> +<p>His furious force indureth longe</p> +<p>In rage he will be rul’de of none.</p> +</div> + +<p>That I may vse the wordes of the Poet <i>Gratius</i>, This +dogge exceedeth all other in cruell conditions, his leering and fleering +lookes, his stearne and sauage vissage, maketh him in sight feareful and +terrible, he is violent in fighting, & wheresoeuer he setteth his +tenterhooke teeth, he taketh such sure & fast hold that a man may +sooner teare and rende him in sunder, then lose him and seperate his +chappes. He passeth not for the Wolfe, the Beare, the Lyon, nor the +Bull, and may wortherly (as I thinke) be companiõ with <i>Alexanders</i> +dogge which came out of <i>India</i>. But of these, thus much, and thus +farre may seeme sufficient.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Externi canes.</td> +<td> +<h4>A starte to outlandishe Dogges in this conclusion, not impertinent +to the Authors purpose.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Externos aliquos & eos majusculos, Islandicos dico & +Littuanicos, usus dudum recepit: quibus toto corpore hirtis, ob +promissum longumque pilum, nec vultus est, nec figura corporis.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Vse and custome hath intertained other dogges of an outlandishe +kinde, but a fewe and the same beyng of a pretty bygnesse, I meane +Iseland, dogges curled & rough al ouer, which by reason of the +lenght of their heare make showe neither of face nor of body.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Externa prælata.</p> +<p>Multis tamen quòd peregrini sunt, & grati sunt, & in +Melitæorum locum assumpti sunt: usque adeo deditum est humanum genus +etiam sine ratione novitatibus. ἐρῶμεν ἀλλοτρίων, παρορῶμεν συγγενεῖς, +miramur aliena, nostra non diligimus.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>And yet these curres, forsoothe, because they are so straunge are +greatly set by, esteemed, taken vp, and made of many times in the roome +of the Spaniell gentle or comforter. The natures of men is so moued, nay +rather marryed to nouelties without all reason, wyt, iudgement or +perseueraunce. <span class = "greek" title = "Erômen allotriôn, parorômen sungeneis">Ἐρῶμεν ἀλλοτριῶν, παρορῶμεν συγγενεῖς</span>.</p> + +<div class = "verse"> +<p>Outlandishe toyes we take with delight,</p> +<p>Things of our owne nation we haue in despight.</p> +</div> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Neque hoc in canibus solum, sed in artificibus quoque usu venit. +Nostros enim licet doctos & peritos fastidimus, belluam è longinqua +barbarie alienoque solo profectam tanquam asinum Cumani, aut hominem +Thalem, nostri suspiciunt.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Which fault remaineth not in vs concerning dogges only, but for +artificers also. And why? it is to manyfest that wee disdayne and +contempne our owne workmen, be they neuer so skilfull, be they neuer so +cunning, be they neuer so excellent. A beggerly beast brought out of +barbarous borders, frõ the vttermost countryes Northward, &c., we +stare at, we gase at, we muse, we maruaile at, like an asse of +<i>Cumanum</i>, like Thales with the brasen shancks, like the man in the +Moone.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Id quod Hippocrates sub initio libri sui περὶ ἀγμῶν recte sua ætate +observavit, & nos libello nostro seu consilio de Ephemera Britannica +ad populum Britannicum copiosius explicuimus.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p class = "break"> +The which default <i>Hippocrates</i> marcked when he was alyue, as +euidently appeareth in the beginnyng of his booke <span class = "greek" +title = "peri agmôn">περὶ ἀγμῶν</span>, so intituled and named:</p> + +<p class = "break"> +And we in our worcke entituled <i>De Ephemera <ins class = "authcorr" +title = "corrected by author from ‘Britanica’">Britannica</ins></i>, to +the people of England haue more plentifully expressed.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Atque in hoc genere quo quisque indoctior, audacior, incogitantior, +hoc pluris fit apud nostros, atque etiam apud torquatos istos principes +atque proceres. Cæterum de externis canibus nihil dico, quòd de +Britannicis tantum voto tuo satisfacere studeo, Conrade vir +doctissime.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>In this kinde looke which is most <ins class = "mycorr" title = "text reads ‘blocklishe’">blockishe</ins>, and yet most waspishe, the same is +most esteemed, and not amonge Citizens onely and iolly gentlemen, but +among lustie Lordes also, and noble men, and daintie courtier ruffling +in their ryotous ragges. Further I am not to wade in the foorde of this +discourse, because it was my purpose to satisfie your expectation with a +short treatise (most learned <i>Conrade</i>) not wearysome for me to +wryte, nor tedious for you to peruse.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Canis Getulus.</p> +<p>Inter ea tamen quæ aliàs ad te dedi, de cane Getulo seorsum scripsi, +quòd rara species ejus videbatur. De cætero genere, ipse plenissimè +scribis. Verum cum longius jam produximus hunc libellum quàm priorem ad +te, brevius tamen quam pro natura rei, quòd habuimus rationem studiorum +tuorum, memoriæ causa quæ de canibus Britannicis diximus, in diagramma +reducemus.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Among other things which you haue receaued at my handes heretofore, I +remember that I wrote a seuerall description of the Getulian Dogge, +because there are but a fewe of them and therefore very seldome scene. +As touching Dogges of other kyndes you your selfe haue taken earnest +paine, in writing of them both lyuely, learnedly and largely. But +because wee haue drawne this libell more at length then the former which +I sent you (and yet briefer than the nature of the thing myght well +beare) regardyng your more earnest and necessary studdies. I will +conclude makyng a rehearsall notwithstanding (for memoryes sake) of +certaine specialties contayned in the whole body of this my +breuiary.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Et quia vulgaribus nominibus delectaris, ut ex literis tuis didici, +ea quoque Latinis apponemus, & singulorum rationes exponemus, quo +nihil tibi sit incognitum aut desideratum.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>And because you participate principall pleasure in the knowledge of +the common and vsuall names of Dogges (as I gather by the course of your +letters) I suppose it not amysse to deliuer vnto you a shorte table +contayning as well the Latine as the Englishe names, and to render a +reason of euery particular appellation, to th’intent that no scruple may +remaine in this point, but that euery thing may bee sifted to the bare +bottome.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td></td> +<td> +<h4>A Diall pertaining to the <i>fifte Section</i>.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td>Degeneres.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "threeright"> +Admonitor.<br> +Versator.<br> +Saltator. +</td> +<td class = "threeright"> +Wappe.<br> +Turn-spit.<br> +Dancer. +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +</td> +<td> + +<table class = "bracket" summary = "bracketed list"> +<tr> +<td> +<p>Dogges contained in this last Diall or Table are</p> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class = "threeright"> +The wapp or warner,<br> +The Turnespet,<br> +The dauncer, +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p>called in Latine <ins class = "mycorr" title = "shown as printed: apparent error for ‘Degeneres’"><i>Canes Rustici</i></ins></p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td><a name = "dual_names" id = "dual_names"> </a></td> +<td> +<h3>A Supplement or Addition, containing a demonstration of Dogges <span +class = "smaller">names how they had their Originall.</span></h3> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Ista vocabula nostratia cum nihil apud te, hominem peregrinum, +loquantur sine interpretatione, ut Latinorum vocabulorum rationem prius +reddidimus, ita Anglicorum jam reddemus, quo tibi pateant universa, eo +etiam quo prius observato ordine.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>The names contayned in the generall table, for so much as they +signifie nothing to you being a straunger, and ignoraunt of the Englishe +tounge, except they be interpreted: As we haue giuen a reason before of +y<sup>e</sup> latine words so meane we to doe no lesse of the Englishe +that euery thing maye be manyfest vnto your vnderstanding. Wherein I +intende to obserue the same order which I haue followed before.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Sagax.</td> +<td> +<h4>The names of such Dogges as be contained in the first section.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Hunde igitur (quem inter venaticos sagacem diximus) a verbo +nostro hunte, quod apud nostros venari significat, unica tantum immutata +litera derivata appellatione, nomen habet. Quod si a vocabulo vestrati +hunde, (quod canem in universum apud vos significat) propter vocum +similitudinem appellari credas (mi Gesnere) ut non magnopere repugnabo, +cum adhuc retinemus multa Germanica vocabula, a Saxonibus cum +Angliam occuparunt nobis relicta, ita illud admonebo, commune quidem +nomen canis apud nos dogge esse, venatici vero canis hunde.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p><i>Sagax</i>, in Englishe Hunde, is deriued of our English word +hunte. One letter chaunged in another, namely, T, into D, as Hunt, +Hunde, whom <ins class = "mycorr" title = "parenthesis in original">(if</ins> you coniecture to be so named of your country worde +<i>Hunde</i> which signifieth the generall name Dogge, because of the +similitude and likenesse of the wordes I will not stand in contradiction +(friende <i>Gesner</i>) for so much as we retaine among vs at this day +many Dutche wordes which the <i>Saxons</i> left at such time as they +occupyed this country of Britane. Thus much also vnderstand, that as in +your language <i>Hunde</i> is the common word, so in our naturall tounge +dogge is the vniuersall, but <i>Hunde</i> is perticuler and a speciall, +for it signifieth such a dogge onely as serueth to hunt, and therfore it +is called a hunde.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Agasæus.</td> +<td> +<h4>Of the Gasehounde.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Similiter à verbo nostrati, Gase, (quòd fixius rem aliquam & +attentius contueri est) Gasehunde appellatur nostris, quem ante Agasæum +nominari diximus. Neque enim odoratu, sed prospectu attento & +diligenti feram persequitur iste canis, ut jam ante memoravimus; etsi +non sum nescius etiam apud Latinos Agasæi vocabulum inter canum nomina +reperiri.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>The Gasehounde called in latine <i>Agasæus</i>, hath his name of the +sharpenesse and stedfastnesse of his eyesight. By which vertue he +compasseth that which otherwise he cannot by smelling attaine. As we +haue made former relation, for to gase is earnestly to viewe and +beholde, from whence floweth the deriuation of this dogges name.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Leporarius.</td> +<td> +<h4>Of the Grehounde.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>A Gre quoque, Grehunde apud nostros invenit nomen, quod præcipui +gradus inter canes sit, & primæ generositatis. Gre enim apud nostros +gradum denotat. Hunc latinè Leporarium dicebamus.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>The Grehounde called <i>Leporarius</i>, hath his name of this word, +Gre, which word soundeth, <i>Gradus</i> in latine, in Englishe degree. +Because among all dogges these are the most principall, occupying the +chiefest place, and being simply and absolutely the best of the gentle +kinde of houndes.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Levinarius.</td> +<td> +<h4>Of the <ins class = "mycorr" title = "text reads ‘Leuyuer’">Leuyner</ins> or the Lyemmer.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>A levitate Leviner, à loro Lyemmer, appellatur is quem Levinarium +& Lorarium latinè nominavimus. Nam Lyemme nostra lingua, Lorum +significat. Quod autem a levitate Leviner, hoc est a latina voce +Britannicam, diducimus: cur in libris nostris sparsim a Græcis +dictionibus & Latinis Italicis & Germanicis, Gallicis & +Hispanicis nostratia multa derivamus, unde ortum eadem multa +habuerunt:</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>This dogge is called a Leuyner, for his lyghtnesse, which in latine +soundeth <i>Leuitas</i>, Or a Lyemmer which worde is borrowed of Lyemme, +which the latinists name <i>Lorum</i>: and wherefore we call him a +Leuyner of this worde <i>Leuitas</i>? (as we doe many things besides) +why we deriue and drawe a thousand of our tearmes, out of the +<i>Greeke</i>, the <i>Latine</i>, the <i>Italian</i>, the <i>Dutch</i>, +the <i>French</i>, and the <i>Spanishe</i> tounge? (Out of which +fountaines in deede, they had their originall issue.)</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Lib. de symphonia.</p> +<p>& quemadmodum ab origine sua etiam multa per corruptionem jam +declinarunt, libello nostro de symphonia seu consonantia vocum +Britannicarum fusius explicabimus.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>How many words are buryed in the graue of forgetfulnes? growne out of +vse? wrested awrye? and peruersly corrupted by diuers defaultes? we wil +declare at large in our booke intituled, <i>Symphonia vocum +Britannicarum</i>.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Vertagus.</td> +<td> +<h4>Of the Tumbler.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Postremus inter venaticos Vertagus est, quem Tumbler vocitamus; quòd +tumble apud nos vertere est Latinis, & tumbiere Gallis, unde ortum +habet id nomen Tumbler, mutata vocali in liquidam nostro more: contra +quàm in lingua Gallica & Italica, in quibus liquida ante vocalem, +magna ex parte in aliam vocalem vertitur, ut impiere & piano, pro +implere & plano, quæ exempli gratia adduce, cum infinita sint.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Among houndes the Tumbler called in latine <i>Vertagus</i>, is the +last, which commeth of this worde Tumbler flowyng first of al out of the +French fountaine. For as we say Tumble so they, <i>Tumbier</i>, +reseruing one sense and signification, which the latinists comprehende +vnder this worde <i>Vertere</i>, So that we see thus much, that Tumbler +commeth of <i>Tumbier</i>, the vowell, I, chaunged into the +<i>Liquid</i>, L, after y<sup>e</sup> maner of our speache. Contrary to +the French and the Italian tounge. In which two languages, A +<i>Liquid</i> before a <i>Vowell</i> for the most part is turned into +another <i>Vowell</i>, As, may be perceaued in the example of these two +wordes, <i>Implere</i> & <i>plano</i>, for <i>Impiere</i> & +<i>piano</i>, L, before, E, chaunged into, I, and L, before A, turned +into I, also. This I thought conuenient for a taste.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Aucupatorii.</td> +<td> +<h4>The names of such Dogges as be contained in the second Section.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Post Venaticos sequuntur Aucupatorii; inter quos primus est +Hispaniolus, quem ab Hispania voce nomen accepisse prius diximus. Nostri +omissa aspiratione & prima vocali, Spainel & Spaniel expediti +sermonis causa proferunt.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>After such as serue for hunting orderly doe follow such as serue for +hawking and fowling, Among which the principall and chiefest is the +Spaniell, called in Latine <i>Hispaniolus</i>, borrowing his name of +<i>Hispania</i> Spaine, wherein wee Englishe men not pronouncing the +Aspiration H, Nor the <i>Vowell</i> I, for quicknesse and redinesse of +speach say roundly A Spaniell.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Index.</td> +<td> +<h4>Of the Setter.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Secundus Index, quem nostri a Setter nominare solent, a verbo +sette, quod locum designare nostris Britannis significat.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>The second sort of this second diuision and second section, is called +a Setter, in latine <i>Index</i>, Of the worde Set which signifieth in +Englishe that which the Latinistes meane by this word <i>Locum +designare</i>, y<sup>e</sup> reason is rehersed before more largely, it +shall not neede to make a new repetition.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Aquaticus.</td> +<td> +<h4>Of the water Spaniell or Finder.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Post hunc subsequitur aquaticus, hoc est a Waterspainel, +a vocibus Water & Spaine (hoc est aqua & Hispania) deducto +nomine. Nam aqua, in qua se exercet canis iste, Water; & Hispania +(unde primum genus hoc tractum ex nomine creditur) Spaine apud nostros +vocitatur.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>The water Spaniell consequently followeth, called in Latine +Aquaticus, in English a waterspaniell, which name is compounde of two +simple wordes, namely Water, which in Latine soũdeth <i>Aqua</i>, +wherein he swymmeth. And <i>Spaine</i>, <i>Hispania</i>, the country frõ +whence they came,</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Non quòd isti canes non sint etiam nativi in Britannia, sed quòd +generale & commune nomen canum, qui ex Hispania primò profecti +putantur, istæ canum species (ut & cæteri Aucupatorii) adhuc vulgo +referunt, etsi in Britannia oriantur, & peculiari aliqua vocis nota, +aut qualitatis indicio secernantur apud nos; ut est ista species vocis +Water, hoc est aquæ, appositione.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Not that England wanted such kinde of Dogges, (for they are naturally +bred and ingendred in this country.) But because they beare the generall +and common name of these Dogges synce the time they were first brought +ouer out of Spaine. And wee make a certaine difference in this sort of +Dogges, eyther for some thing which in theyr voyce is to be marked, or +for some thing which in their qualities is to be considered, as for an +example in this kinde called the Spaniell by the apposition and putting +to of this word water, which two coupled together sounde +waterspaniell.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Inquisitor.</p> +<p>Alio etiam nomine a Finder canis iste appellatur, quòd quærendo +invenit res deperditas, quæ res nostris, fynde, hoc est invenire, +dicitur. Nos tamen ab inquirendo latinum nomen huic fecimus, quòd +præcipua pars inventionis in inquirendo est.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>He is also called a fynder, in Latine <i>Inquisitor</i>, because that +by serious and secure seeking, he findeth such things as be lost, which +word <i>Finde</i> in English is that which the Latines meane by this +Verbe <i>Inuenire</i>. This dogge hath this name of his property because +the principall point of his seruice consisteth in the premisses.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td></td> +<td> +<h4>The names of such Dogges as be contained in the thirde Section.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>A venaticis & aucupatoriis transitus est ad Delicatos, Rusticos, +& Degeneres.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Now leauing the suruie we of hunting and hauking dogs, it remaineth +that we runne ouer the residue, whereof some be called, fine dogs, some +course, other some mungrels or rascalls.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Delicati.</p> +<p>Delicatum, Melitæum & Spainel gentle, hoc est Hispaniolum +generosum, nominavimus, à generositatis nomine data appellatione, +quòd inter nobiles viros atque fœminas versari, & iis in deliciis +atque ad lusus esse consuevit: ut erat illud Gorgonis κυνίδιον apud +Theocritum in Syracusiis, quod discedens servæ diligentiæ pari cura cum +infante commiserat, ut catellum quidem illa intro revocaret, puerum verò +vagientem placaret.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>The first is the Spaniell gentle called <i>Canis Melitæus</i>, +because it is a kinde of dogge accepted among gentles, Nobles, Lordes, +Ladies, &c. who make much of them vouchsafeing to admit them so +farre into their company that they will not onely lull them in theyr +lappes, but kysse them with their lippes, and make them theyr prettie +playfellowes. Such a one was <i>Gorgons</i> litle puppie mencioned by +<i>Theocritus</i> in <i>Siracusis</i>, who taking his iourney, +straightly charged & commaunded his mayde to see to his Dogge as +charely and warely as to his childe: To call him in alwayes that he +wandred not abroade, as well as to rock the babe a sleepe, crying in the +cradle.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Ad alia omnia inutilis canis iste est, nisi ad ea quæ jam ante +diximus, nisi ad fovendum stomachum debilitatum frigore, nisi ad +prodendum adulterium, quod fecisse hujus generis catellum quendam +Siculum refert Ælianus, libro septimo, capite vicesimo quinto +animalium.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>This puppitly and peasantly curre, (which some frumpingly tearme +fysteing hounds) serue in a maner to no good vse except, (As we haue +made former relation) to succour and strengthen quailing and quammning +stomackes to bewray bawdery, and filthy abhominable leudnesse (which a +litle dogge of this kinde did in <i>Sicilia</i>) As <i>Ælianus</i> in +<ins class = "mycorr" title = "text has ‘his. 7.’">his .7.</ins> booke +of beastes and .27. chapter recordeth.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Rustici.</td> +<td> +<h4>The names of such dogges as be contained in the fourth Section.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Rusticos, Shepeherdes dogges, Mastives, & Bandedogges +nominavimus: illorum quidem deducto nomine a pastore, qui Shepeherde +apud nos dicitur, quòd custodit oves, quæ nostris, Shepe, appellantur: +istorum a ligamento, quod Bande, & Sagina, quod maste, villicis +nostris hominibus dicitur.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Of dogges vnder the courser kinde, wee will deale first with the +shepherds dogge, whom we call the Bandogge, the Tydogge, or the Mastyue, +the first name is imputed to him for seruice <i>Quoniam pastori +famulatur</i>, because he is at the shepherds his masters commaundement. +The seconde a <i>Ligamento</i> of the band or chaine wherewith he is +tyed, The thirde a <i>Sagina</i>, Of the fatnesse of his body.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Est enim crassum genus canum, & bene saginatum catenarium hoc. +Etsi non sum nescius Augustinum Niphum, Mastinum (mastivum nostri +dicunt) pecuarium existimare: & Albertum Lyciscum ex cane & lupo +genitum esse scribere: quamvis idem pro Molosso magna ex parte +vertat.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p class = "break"> +For this kinde of dogge which is vsually tyed, is myghty, grosse, and +fat fed. I know this that <i>Augustinus Niphus</i>, calleth this +<i>Mastinus</i> (which we call Mastiuus.) And that <i>Albertus</i> +writeth how the <i>Lyciscus</i> is ingendred by a beare and a wolfe. +Notwithstanding the self same Author taketh it for the most part <i>pro +Molosso</i>. A dogge of such a countrey.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "sidenote"> +Versator.</td> +<td> +<h4>The names of such dogges as be contained in the fifte Section.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Ad postremum, degeneres Wappe & Turnespete nominari dicebamus: +hunc a verbo nostrati turne, quòd est verto & spete, seu spede ad +imitationem Italorum, quod veru dicitur; illum a naturali canis voce +Wau, quam in latratu edit admonendo.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Of mungrels and rascalls somwhat is to be spoken. And among these, of +y<sup>e</sup> <i>VVappe</i> or <i>Turnespet</i>, which name is made of +two simple words, that is, of <i>Turne</i>, which in latine soundeth +<i>Vertere</i>, and of <i>spete</i> which is <i>Veru</i>, or +<i>spede</i>, for the Englishe word inclineth closer to the Italian +imitation: <i>Veruuersator</i>, Turnspet.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Unde, originaliter Waupe dicendum fuit. Sed euphoniæ bonæque +consonantiæ gratia, vocali in consonantem mutata, Wappe a nostris +vocitatur. Etsi non me fugit Nonium, a voce naturali Bau, formare +suum baubari, non a Wau, quemadmodum & Græci à suo βαύζειν.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>He is called also VVaupe, of the naturall noise of his voyce +<i>VV</i>au, which he maketh in barcking. But for the better and the +redyer sounde, the vowell, u, is chaunged into the cõsonant, p, so +y<sup>t</sup> for waupe we say wappe. And yet I wot well that +<i>Nonius</i> boroweth his <i>Baubari</i> of the natural voyce +<i>Bau</i>, as the <i>Græcians</i> doe their <span class = "greek" title += "bauzein">βάυζειν</span> of wau<ins class = "mycorr" title = ", for .">. </ins></p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p class = "sidenote"> +Saltator.</p> +<p>Jam verò quod dansare nostris, saltare sit Latinis, si didiceris, non +est de canis saltatoris nostrati nomine amplius quod ipse expetas.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p class = "break"> +Now when you vnderstand this that <i>Saltare</i> in latine signifieth +<i>Dansare</i> in Englishe. And that our dogge therevpon is called a +daunser and in the latine <i>Saltator</i>, you are so farre taught as +you were desirous to learne, And now suppose I, there remaineth nothing, +but that your request is fully accomplished.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td></td> +<td> +<h4>The winding vp of this worke, called the +Supplement, &c.</h4> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Ita habes (mi Gesnere) non solum canum nostratium genera, sed & +nomina quoque Latina atque Anglica, officia atque usus, differentias +atque mores, naturas & ingenia, ut non sit quod desideres in hoc +argumento amplius.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>Thus (Friend <i>Gesner</i>) you haue, not only the kindes of our +countrey dogges, but their names also, as well in latine as in +Englishe, their offices, seruices, diuersities, natures, & +properties, that you can demaunde no more of me in this matter.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<p>Et quanquam forsan omni ex parte non satisfecerim tibi in edendo (cui +in desideriis omnis festinatio in mora esse videatur) quòd inhibuerim +editionem rudioris illius libelli, quem ad te tanquam ad privatum +amicum, non ad editionem publicam ante annos quinque dederim; tamen in +hoc spero me satisfecisse tibi, quòd mora fecit aliquanto meliorem, +& δεύτεραι φροντίδες lectu commodiorem.</p> +</td> +<td> +<p>And albeit I haue not satisfied your minde peraduẽture (who +suspectest al speede in the performaunce of your requeste employed, to +be meere delayes) because I stayde the setting fourth of that vnperfect +pamphlet which, fiue yeares ago, I sent to you as a priuate friende for +your owne reeding, and not to be printed, and so made common, yet I hope +(hauing like the beare lickt ouer my younge) I haue waded in this worke +to your contentation, which delay hath made somewhat better and <span +class = "greek" title = "deuterai phrontides">δευτέραι φροντίδες</span>, +after witte more meete to be perused.</p> +</td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td class = "latin"> +<h5> +<i>Joannis Caii Britanni de Canibus Britannicis libelli finis.</i></h5> + +<p><i>Iste liber scriptus fuit ante mortem Gesneri, etsi non ante +publicatus, ut est ille de rariorum animalium atque stirpium +historia.</i></p> +</td> +<td> +<h5>The ende of this treatise.</h5> + +<h5>FINIS.</h5> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<div class = "endnote"> + +<h4><a name = "text" id = "text" href = "#start">The Text</a></h4> + +<p>The editor’s general introduction says:</p> + +<p class = "inset"> +In this volume no attempt has been made to produce a facsimile reprint. +Even if such a design had been entertained, the great variety of form in +which the original editions were issued would have made it impossible to +carry out the re-issue with any uniformity. Obvious misprints have been +corrected, but where a difference in spelling in the same work or on the +same page—<i>e.g. baccalarius</i>, <i>baccalaureus</i>—is +clearly due to the varying practice of the writer and not to the +printer, the words have been left as they stood in the original. On the +other hand the accents in the very numerous Greek quotations have been +corrected.</p> + +<p> </p> + +<h4><a name = "endnote" id = "endnote">Transcriber’s Notes</a></h4> + +<p> +<a href = "#cicero">Cicero</a><br> +<a href = "#abridge">Abridgement</a><br> +<a href = "#names">Names</a><br> +<a href = "#errata">Fleming’s Errata</a></p> + +<h5><a name = "lobster" id = "lobster">Dog Hybrids</a><a class = "tag" +href = "#tagBl">Lat,</a> +<a class = "tag" href = "#tagBe">Eng,</a> +<a class = "tag" href = "#tagBp">Dual</a><br> +and Lobster-Hunting Dogs<a class = "tag" href = "#tagCe">Eng,</a> +<a class = "tag" href = "#tagCp">Dual</a></h5> + +<p>In <i>All the Year Round</i> for September 5, 1885, Charles Dickens +(son of the author) or an unnamed contributor wrote:</p> + +<p class = "inset"> +Dr. Caius ... had his scholar’s errors, else he would not talk of +lobster-hound, and of the urcanus (dogbear), “bred of a bear and +a bandog.”</p> + +<p>The wolf-dog (<i>lyciscus</i>) and bear-dog (<i>urcanus</i>) each +requires no comment. The fox-dog (<i>lacæna</i>) is genetically +impossible.</p> + +<p>Under <i>Leverarius</i> (Harier), the Latin original names eight +animals hunted by dogs:</p> + +<p class = "inset"> +Nam alius leporis, alius vulpis, alius cervi, alius platycerotis, +alius taxi, alius lutræ, alius mustelæ, alius cuniculi ...</p> + +<p>The English translation expands these to eleven:</p> + +<p class = "inset"> +Some for / The Hare [<i>lepus</i>] / The Foxe [<i>vulpes</i>] / The +Wolfe / The Harte / The Bucke / The Badger [<i>taxus</i>] / The Otter +[<i>lutra</i>] / The Polcat / The Lobster / The Weasell / The Conny +[<i>cuniculus</i>], &c.</p> + +<p>The addition of Wolfe—an animal said not to exist in +England—is not explained. The Harte (<i>cervus</i>) is the elk or +red deer; the Bucke (<i>platyceros</i>) is the roe deer. The Lobster is +not a crustacean but a regional term for “polecat”, listed in the OED +with citations of appropriate date. The three-way distinction between +Polcat, Lobster and Weasell (subsumed under the single Latin word +<i>mustela</i>) is not explained.</p> + +<h5><a name = "cicero" id = "cicero">Cicero</a><a class = "tag" +href = "#tagAl">Lat,</a> +<a class = "tag" href = "#tagAe">Eng,</a> +<a class = "tag" href = "#tagAp">Dual</a></h5> + +<p class = "inset"> +And albeit <i>Cicero</i> in his oration had <i>Pro. S. Ross.</i> be of +this opinion...</p> + +<p>Cicero, <i>Pro S. Roscio Amerino</i>, 20 [56 end]:</p> + +<p class = "inset"> +Quod si luce quoque canes latrent, cum deos salutatum aliqui venerint, +opinor, eis crura suffringantur, quod acres sint etiam tum, cum +suspicio nulla sit.</p> + +<h5><a name = "abridge" id = "abridge">“Abridgement”</a></h5> + +<p>The translator uses this term at least six times to describe his +work. The body text is about twice as long as the Latin original; note +in particular the section on <i>Delicati</i> (the <i>Melitæus</i> or +Maltese).</p> + +<h5><a name = "names" id = "names">Names and Etymologies</a></h5> + +<p>Note that “Dutch” means “German” (Deutsch). “Boethus” is not Boethius +but the Scottish John Boece, variously called Boethus and Boethius.</p> + +<p>The word “Spaniel” does appear to mean “Spanish”, though its +derivation is not exactly as described. “Hound” is related to the +Germanic “Hund”, not to the English “Hunt”.</p> + +<h5><a name = "errata" id = "errata">Fleming’s Errata</a></h5> + +<p>The form “X for Y” means is “X is a misprint for Y”, not “substitute +X for Y”.</p> + +<p class = "inset"> +Page. 3. <i>Grecians</i> for <i>Græcians</i></p> + +<p><i>The spelling “Grecians” also occurs on p. 25, where it has +been changed for consistency.</i></p> + +<p class = "inset"> +There bee also certaine <i>Accents</i> wanting in the Greeke words +which, because we had them not, are pretermitted: so haue wee byn fayne +to let the Greeke words run their full length, for lacke of +<i>Abbreuiations</i>.</p> + +<p>As noted above, Greek was regularized in this reprint. The +“Abbreviations” or ligatures, derived from scribal shorthand, remained +in use in printed Greek until the 18th century. Some that Fleming might +have used—or wanted to use—are:</p> + +<table summary = "Greek ligatures"> +<tr> +<td> +<img src = "images/lig_os.gif" width = "31" height = "22" +alt = "Greek ligature"> +</td> +<td>ος (-os) in οἰκουρὸς</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<img src = "images/lig_en.gif" width = "26" height = "22" +alt = "Greek ligature"> +</td> +<td>ην (-ên) in ἰχνευτὴν or ῥινηλάτην</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<img src = "images/lig_ton.gif" width = "55" height = "30" +alt = "Greek ligature"> +</td> +<td>των (-tôn) in μεγαλοῤῥούντων</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<img src = "images/lig_peri.gif" width = "38" height = "26" +alt = "Greek ligature"> +</td> +<td>περὶ (the complete word or prefix “peri”)</td> +</tr> +</table> + +</div> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of De Canibus Britannicis, by John Caius + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DE CANIBUS BRITANNICIS *** + +***** This file should be named 27050-h.htm or 27050-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/2/7/0/5/27050/ + +Produced by Louise Hope + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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