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diff --git a/27010.txt b/27010.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..aa4c8c5 --- /dev/null +++ b/27010.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3649 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 213, November 26, +1853, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Number 213, November 26, 1853 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Geneologists, etc. + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: October 24, 2008 [EBook #27010] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + + + + +Transcriber's note: A few typographical errors have been corrected: they +are listed at the end of the text. + + * * * * * + + +{509} + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + + * * * * * + + +No. 213.] +SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 26. 1853. +[Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d. + + * * * * * + + +CONTENTS. + + NOTES:-- Page + + The State Prison in the Tower, by William Sidney + Gibson 509 + Inedited Letter from Henry VIII. of England to + James V. of Scotland, by Thos. Nimmo 510 + Handbook to the Library of the British Museum, by + Bolton Corney 511 + + FOLK LORE:--Derbyshire Folk Lore--Weather Superstitions + --Weather Rhymes, &c.--Folk Lore in + Cambridgeshire 512 + Rapping no Novelty, by D. Jardine 512 + + MINOR NOTES:--Bond a Poet--The late Harvest + --Misquotation--Epitaph in Ireland--Reynolds + (Sir Joshua's) Baptism--Tradescant 513 + + QUERIES:-- + + Grammar in relation to Logic, by C. Mansfield Ingleby 514 + The Coronet [Crown] of Llewelyn ap Griffith, Prince + of Wales 514 + + MINOR QUERIES:--Monumental Brass at Wanlip, + co. Leicester, and Sepulchral Inscriptions in English + --Influence of Politics on Fashion--Rev. W. Rondall + --Henry, third Earl of Northumberland--"When we + survey," &c.--Turnbull's Continuation of Robertson + --An Heraldic Query--Osborn filius Herfasti-- + Jews in China--Derivation of "Mammet"--Non-recurring + Diseases--Warville--Dr. Doddridge-- + Pelasgi--Huc's Travels--The Mousehunt--Lockwood, + the Court Jester--Right of redeeming Property 515 + + MINOR QUERIES WITH ANSWERS:--Dictionary of Zingari + --Sir Robert Coke--Regium Donum--Who + was the Author of "Jerningham" and "Doveton?" + --Alma Mater 517 + + REPLIES:-- + + Alexander Clark 517 + Amcotts Pedigree, by W. S. Hesleden 518 + Sir Ralph Winwood, by the Rev. W. Sneyd 519 + Trench on Proverbs, by the Rev. M. Margollouth, &c. 519 + On Palindromes, by Charles Reed, &c. 520 + + REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES:--The Claymore-- + Temple Lands in Scotland--Lewis and Sewell + Families--Pharaoh's Ring--"Could we with ink," + &c.--"Populus vult decipi"--Red Hair--"Land + of Green Ginger"--"I put a spoke in his wheel" + --Pagoda--Passage in Virgil--To speak in Lute-string + --Dog Latin--Longevity--Definition of a + Proverb--Ireland a bastinadoed Elephant--Ennui + --Belle Sauvage--History of York--Encore-- + "Hauling over the Coals"--The Words "Cash" + and "Mob"--Ampers and--The Keate Family, of + the Hoo, Herts--Hour-glasses--Marriage of Cousins + --Waugh, Bishop of Carlisle--Marriage Service-- + Hoby, Family of--Cambridge Graduates--"I own + I like not," &c.--"Topsy Turvy"--"When the + Maggot bites," &c. 520 + + MISCELLANEOUS:-- + + Notes on Books, &c. 527 + Books and Odd Volumes wanted 528 + Notices to Correspondents 528 + Advertisements 528 + + * * * * * + + +Notes. + +THE STATE PRISON IN THE TOWER. + +A paragraph has lately gone the round of the newspapers, in which, after +mentioning the alterations recently made in the Beauchamp Tower and the +opening of its "written walls" to public inspection, it is stated that this +Tower was formerly the place of confinement for state prisoners, and that +"Sir William Wallace and Queen Anne Boleyn" were amongst its inmates. + +Now, I believe there is no historical authority for saying that "the +Scottish hero" was ever confined in the Tower of London; and it seems +certain that the unfortunate queen was a prisoner in the royal apartments, +which were in a different part of the fortress. But so many illustrious +persons are known to have been confined in the Beauchamp Tower, and its +walls preserve so many curious inscriptions--the undoubted autographs of +many of its unfortunate tenants--that it must always possess great +interest. + +Speaking from memory, I cannot say whether the building known as the +Beauchamp (or Wakefield) Tower was even in existence in the time of Edward +I.; but my impression is, that its architecture is not of so early a time. +It is, I believe, supposed to derive its name from the confinement in it of +Thomas de Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, in 1397. Of course it was not the +only place of durance of state prisoners, but it was the prison of most of +the victims of Tudor cruelty who were confined in the Tower of London; and +the walls of the principal chamber which is on the first storey, and was, +until lately, used as a mess-room for the officers, are covered in some +parts with those curious inscriptions by prisoners which were first +described in a paper read before the Society of Antiquaries in 1796, by the +Rev. J. Brand, and published in the thirteenth volume of _The Archaeologia_. + +Mr. P. Cunningham, in his excellent _Handbook_, says: + + "William Wallace was lodged as a prisoner on his first arrival in + London in the house of William de Leyre, a citizen, in the parish of + All Hallows Staining, at the end of Fenchurch Street." + +{510} + +Mr. Cunningham, in his notice of the Tower, mentions Wallace first among +the eminent persons who have been confined there. The popular accounts of +the Tower do the like. It was about the Feast of the Assumption (Aug. 15) +that Wallace was taken and conducted to London; and it seems clear that he +was forthwith imprisoned in the citizen's house: + + "He was lodged," says Stow, "in the house of William Delect, a citizen + of London, in Fenchurch Street. On the morrow, being the eve of St. + Bartholomew (23rd Aug.), he was brought on horseback to Westminster ... + the mayor, sheriffs, and aldermen of London accompanying him; and in + the Great Hall at Westminster ... being impeached," &c. + +The authorities cited are, Adam Merimuth and Thomas de La More. His +arraignment and condemnation on the Vigil of St. Bartholomew are also +mentioned by Matthew Westminster, p. 451. Neither these historians, or Stow +or Holinshed, afford any farther information. The latter chronicler says +that Wallace was "condemned, and thereupon hanged" (_Chron._, fol., 1586, +vol. ii. p. 313.). He was executed at Smithfield; and it is not improbable +that, if, after his condemnation, he was taken to any place of safe +custody, he was lodged in Newgate. The following entry of the expenses of +the sheriffs attending his execution is on the Chancellor's Roll of 33 Edw. +I. in the British Museum: + + "Et in expen[=s] [=t] misis [=f]cis [crossed p] eos[=d] Vice^{tes} + [crossed p] Willo le Walleys Scoto lat^one predone puplico utlagato + inimico et rebellione [Rx] qui in contemptu [Rx] [crossed p] Scociam se + Regem Scocie falso fec[=a]t n[=o]iare [=t] [=t] ministros [Rx] in + [crossed p]t[=i]bus Scocie in[=t]fecit at[crossed q] dux^t excercit[=u] + hostili[=t] contr^a Reg[=e] [crossed p] judici[=u] Cu[=r] [Rx] apud + West[=m] dist^ahendo suspendendo decollando e[=j] viscera concremando + ac e[=j] corpus q^arterando cu[=j] cor[crossed p]is quar[=t]ia ad iiij + majores villas Scocie t^asmittebantur hoc anno.... _L_xj s. xd." + +The day of the trial, August 23, is generally given the date of his +execution. It therefore appears that the formidable Scot never was a +prisoner in the Tower. + +The unfortunate Queen Anne Boleyn occupied the royal apartments while she +was a prisoner in the Tower. From Speed's narrative, it appears that she +continued to occupy them after she was condemned to death. On May 15 (1536) +she was (says Stow) + + "Arraigned in the Tower on a scaffold made for the purpose in the + King's Hall; and after her condemnation, she was conveyed to ward + again, the Lady Kingston, and the Lady Boloigne her aunt, attending on + her." + +On May 19, the unfortunate queen was led forth to "the green by the White +Tower" and beheaded. + +In the record of her trial before the Duke of Norfolk, Lord High Steward +(see _Report of Deputy Keeper of Public Records_), she is ordered to be +taken back to "the king's prison within the Tower;" but these are words of +form. The oral tradition cannot in this case be relied upon, for it pointed +out the Martin Tower as the place of her imprisonment because, as I +believe, her name was found rudely inscribed upon the wall. The Beauchamp +Tower seems to have been named only because it was the ordinary state +prison at the time. The narrative quoted by Speed shows, however, that the +place of her imprisonment was the queen's lodging, where the fading honours +of royalty still surrounded Anne Boleyn. + +WILLIAM SIDNEY GIBSON. + +Newcastle-upon-Tyne. + + * * * * * + +INEDITED LETTER FROM HENRY VIII. OF ENGLAND TO JAMES V. OF SCOTLAND. + +I lately transcribed several very interesting original manuscripts, chiefly +of the seventeenth century, but some of an earlier date, and now send you a +literal specimen of one evidently belonging to the sixteenth century; +although, notwithstanding the day of the month is given, the year is not. +If you think it worthy of a place in your very excellent publication, you +are quite at liberty to make use of it, and I shall be happy to send you +some of the others, if you choose to accept them. They chiefly relate to +the period when the Duke of Lauderdale was commissioner for Scotch affairs +at the English Court; and one appears to be a letter addressed by the +members of the Scottish College at Paris to James I. on the death of his +mother. + +THOS. NIMMO. + + Right excellent right high and mighty prince, our most dereste brother + and nephew, we recommende us unto you in our most hertee and affectuous + maner by this berer, your familyar servitor, David Wood. We have not + only receyved your most loving and kinde let^s declaring how moch ye + tendre and regarde the conservation and mayntennance of good amytie + betwene us, roted and grounded as well in proximitie of blood as in the + good offices, actes, and doyngs shewed in our partie, whiche ye to our + greate comforte afferme and confesse to be daylly more and more in your + consideration and remembraunce (but also two caste of fair haukes, + whiche presented in your name and sent by youe we take in most + thankfull parte), and give youe our most hertie thanks for the same, + taking greate comforte and consolacion to perceyve and understande by + your said letters, and the credence comitted to your said familyar + servitor David Wood, which we have redd and considered (and also send + unto youe with these our letters answer unto the same) that ye like a + {511} good and uertuous prince, have somoche to herte and mynde the god + rule and order uppon the borders (with redresse and reformacion of such + attemptats as have been comytted and done in the same), not doubting + but if ye for your partie as we intende for ours (doe effectually + persiste and contynue in so good and uertuose purpose and intente), not + only our realmes and subjectts shall lyue quyetly and peasably without + occasion of breche, but also we their heddes and gouernors shall so + encrease and augment our syncere love and affec[=o]n as shall be to the + indissoluble assurammente of good peace and suretie to the inestimable + benefit, wealth, and comoditie of us our realmes and subjectts + hereafter. + + Right excellent right high and mightie prynce, our most derest brother + and nephew, the blessed Trynytie have you in his government. + + Given under our signet at Yorke place besides Westminster, the 7th day + of December. + + Your lovyng brother and uncle, + HENRY VIII. + + [This letter, which is not included in the _State Papers_, "King Henry + VIII.," published by the Record Commissioners, was probably written on + the 7th December, 1524-25, as in the fourth volume of that collection + is a letter from Magnus to Wolsey, in which he says, p. 301.: "Davy + Wood came hoome about the same tyme, and sithenne his hider comming + hath doone, and continually dooth myche good, making honourable reaport + not oonly to the Quenes Grace, but also to all other. He is worthy + thankes and gramerces." This David Wod, or Wood, was a servant of the + queen, Margaret of Scotland.] + + * * * * * + +HANDBOOK TO THE LIBRARY OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM. + +In the _Report_ of the royal commissioners on the British Museum, printed +in 1850, we read-- + + "We are of opinion that, with reference to such a measure as the one + now suggested [giving information to persons at a distance as to the + existence of works in the library], and to other measures and + regulations generally affecting the use of the library, it is desirable + to prepare and publish a compendious _Guide to the reading-room_, as + described and _suggested_ by lord Seymour at Q. 9521." + +The reference is erroneous. At Q. 9521. there is not a word on the subject! +At Q. 9522. we read-- + + "(_Lord Seymour_--to Antonio Panizzi, Esq.) You have heard also _some + witnesses_ state that it would be a great advantage to those who + frequent the reading-room if they had put into their hands some short + printed guide to the reading-room, to tell them what books of reference + there were, and to tell them how they were to proceed to get books, and + other information, from the want of which they state they have been at + a great loss? (_Mr. Panizzi._) I do not believe that it is often the + case that persons are at a loss for want of such a guide, but _it might + be done_," etc. + +Now, the suggestion of a _short printed guide to the reading-room_ was +evidently considered as of some importance. The principle of SUUM CUIQUE is +also of some importance. We observe that lord Seymour the examiner ascribes +the suggestion to _some witnesses_--but lord Seymour the reporter claims +the credit of it for himself! It is the after-thought of his lordship of +which I have to complain. + +If we turn to the evidence, it will appear that Mr. Peter Cunningham +suggested a printed "catalogue of the books in the reading-room," Q. +4800.--I must now speak of myself. When summoned before the commissioners +as a witness, I took with me the printed _Directions respecting the +reading-room_ for the express purpose of pointing out their inconsistency +and insufficiency, and of advocating the preparation of a guide-book. + +I cannot repeat my arguments. It would occupy too much space. I can only +refer to the questions 6106-6116. The substance is this:--I contended that +every person admitted to the reading-room should be furnished with +instructions _how to proceed_--instructions as to the _catalogues which he +should consult_--and instructions for _asking for the books_. On that +evidence rests my claim to the credit of having suggested a _Guide to the +reading-room_. Its validity shall be left to the decision of those who +venerate the motto of Tom Hearne--SUUM CUIQUE. + +The trustees of the British Museum seem to have paid no attention to the +recommendation of the royal commissioners. They issue the same _Directions_ +as before. _After_ you have obtained admission to the reading-room, you are +furnished with instructions as to the mode of obtaining it!--but you have +no guide to the numerous catalogues. + +What Mr. Antonio Panizzi, the keeper of the department of printed books, +says _might be done_, Mr. Richard Sims, of the department of manuscripts, +says _shall be done_. His _Handbook to the library of the British Museum_ +is a very comprehensive and instructive volume. It is a triumphant +refutation of the opinions of those who, to the vast injury of literature, +and serious inconvenience of men of letters, slight common sense and real +utility in favour of visionary schemes and pedantic elaboration. + +There is no want of precedents for a work of this class, either abroad or +at home. As to the public library at Paris--I observe, in my own small +collection, an _Essai historique sur la bibliotheque du roi_, par M. le +Prince; a _Histoire du cabinet des medailles_, par M. Marion du Mersan; a +_Notice des estampes_, par M. Duchesne, &c. + +For a precedent at home, I shall refer to the _Synopsis of the contents of +the British Museum_. The _first_ edition of that interesting work, with the +{512} valued autograph of _G. Shaw_, is now before me. It is dated in 1808. +I have also the _sixtieth_ edition, printed in this year. I cannot expect +to see a sixtieth edition of the _Handbook_, but it deserves to be placed +by the side of the _Synopsis_, and I venture to predict for it a wide +circulation. + +BOLTON CORNEY. + + * * * * * + +FOLK LORE. + +_Derbyshire Folk Lore._--Many years ago I learned the following verses in +Derbyshire, with reference to magpies: + + "One is a sign of sorrow; two are a sign of mirth; + Three are a sign of a wedding; and four a sign of a birth." + +The opinion that a swarm of bees settling on a dead tree forebodes a death +in the family also prevails in Derbyshire. + +In that county also there is an opinion that a dog howling before a house +is an indication that some one is dying within the house; and I remember an +instance where, as I heard at the time, a dog continued howling in a street +in front of a house in which a lady was dying. + +It is also a prevalent notion that if the sun shines through the +apple-trees on Christmas Day, there will be an abundant crop the following +year. + +I never heard the croaking of a raven or carrion crow mentioned as an +indication of anything, which is very remarkable, as well on account of its +ill-omened sound, as because it was so much noticed by the Romans. + +S. G. C. + +_Weather Superstitions._--If it rains much during the twelve days after +Christmas Day, it will be a wet year. So say the country people. + +"If there is anything in this, 1853 will be a wet year, for it has rained +_every_ day of the twelve." So wrote I under date January 9. + +No one, I think, will deny that for once the shaft has hit the mark. + +R. C. WARDE. + +Kidderminster. + +_Weather Rhymes, &c._--The following are very common in Northamptonshire: + + "Rain before seven, + Fine before eleven." + + "Fine on Friday, fine on Sunday. + Wet on Friday, wet on Sunday." + + "The wind blows cold + On Burton Hold (Wold). + Can you spell _that_ with four letters? + I can spell _it_ with two." + +Burton Hold, or Wold, is near Burton Latimer. + +B. H. C. + +_Folk Lore in Cambridgeshire_ (Vol. viii., p. 382.).--The custom referred +to by MR. MIDDLETON, of ringing the church bell early in the morning for +the gleaners to repair to the fields, and again in the evening for their +return home, is still kept up not only at Hildersham, but also in most of +the villages in this neighbourhood. I have heard this "gleaners' bell" +several times during this present autumn; the object of course being to +give all parties a fair and equal chance. Upon one occasion, where the +villages lie rather close together, I heard four of these bells sounding +their recall from different church towers; and as I was upon an eminence +from whence I could see the different groups wending their way to their +respective villages, it formed one of the most striking pastoral pictures I +have ever witnessed, such, perhaps, as England alone can furnish. + +NORRIS DECK. + +Cambridge. + + * * * * * + +RAPPING NO NOVELTY. + +It may be interesting to the believers in modern miracles to learn that at +all events "rapping" is no new thing. I now send you the account of an +incident in the sixteenth century, which bears a strong resemblance to some +of those veracious narrations which have enlightened mankind in the +nineteenth century. + +Rushton Hall, near Kettering in Northamptonshire, was long the residence of +the ancient and distinguished family of Treshams. In the reign of Queen +Elizabeth, the mansion was occupied by Sir Thomas Tresham, who was a pedant +and a fanatic; but who was an important character in his time by reason of +his great wealth and powerful connexions. There is a lodge at Rushton, +situate about half a mile from the old hall, now in ruins; but covered all +over, within and without, with emblems of the Trinity. This lodge is known +to have been built by Sir Thomas Tresham; but his precise motive for +selecting this mode of illustrating his favourite doctrine was unknown +until it appeared from a letter written by himself about the year 1584, and +discovered in a bundle of books and papers inclosed, since 1605, in a wall +in the old mansion, and brought to light about twenty years ago. The +following relation of a "rapping" or "knocking" is extracted from this +letter: + + "If it be demanded why I labour so much in the Trinity and Passion of + Christ to depaint in this chamber, this is the principal instance + thereof; That at my last being hither committed[1], and I usually + having my servants here allowed me, to read nightly an hour to me after + supper, it fortuned that Fulcis, my then servant, reading in the + _Christian Resolution_, in the treatise of _Proof that there is a God, + &c._, there was upon a wainscot table at that instant three loud knocks + {513} (as if it had been with an iron hammer) given; to the great + amazing of me and my two servants, Fulcis and Nilkton." + +D. JARDINE. + +[Footnote 1: This refers to his commitments for recusancy, which had been +frequent.] + + * * * * * + + +Minor Notes. + +_Bond a Poet, 1642, O.S._--In the _Perfect Diurnall_, March 29, 1642, we +have the following curious notice: + + "Upon the meeting of the House of Lords, there was complaint made + against one Bond, a poet, for making a scandalous letter in the queen's + name, sent from the Hague to the king at York. The said Bond attended + upon order, and was examined, and found a delinquent; upon which they + voted him to stand in the pillory several market days in the new Palace + (Yard), Westminster, and other places, and committed him to the + Gatehouse, besides a long imprisonment during the pleasure of the + house: and they farther ordered that as many of the said letter as + could be found should be burnt." + +His recantation, which he afterwards made, is in the British Museum. + +E. G. BALLARD. + +_The late Harvest._--In connexion with the present late and disastrous +harvest, permit me to contribute a distich current, as an old farmer +observed to-day, "when I was a boy:" + + "When we carry wheat o' the fourteenth of October, + Then every man goeth home sober." + +Meaning that the prospect of the "yield" was not good enough to permit the +labourers to get drunk upon it. + +R. C. WARDE. + +Kidderminster. + +_Misquotation._--In an article entitled "Popular Ballads of the English +Peasantry," a correspondent of "N. & Q." (Vol. v., p. 603.) quotes as "that +spirit-stirring stanza of _immortal John_," the lines: + + "Jesus, the name high over all," &c. + +These lines were not written by _John_, but by _Charles Wesley_. Here is +the proof: + +1st. A hymn of which the stanza quoted is the first, appears (p. 40.) in +the _Collection of Hymns_ published by John Wesley in 1779; but in the +preface he says, "but a small part of these hymns are of my own composing." + +2nd. In his _Plain Account of Christian Perfection_, he says: + + "In the year 1749, my brother printed two volumes of _Hymns and Sacred + Poems_. As I _did not see them_ before they were published, there were + some things in them which I did not approve of; but I quite approved of + the main of the hymns on this head."--_Works_, vol. xi. p. 376., 12mo. + ed. 1841. + +3rd. The lines quoted by your correspondent form the ninth stanza of a hymn +of twenty-two stanzas (which includes the six in John Wesley's +_Collection_), written "after preaching (in a church)," and published in +"_Hymns and Sacred Poems_. In two volumes. By Charles Wesley, M.A., Student +of Christ Church, Oxford. Bristol: printed and sold by Felix Farley, 1749." +A copy is in my possession. The hymn is No. 194.; and the stanza referred +to will be found in vol. i. p. 306. + +J. W. THOMAS. + +Dewsbury. + +_Epitaph in Ireland._--The following lines were transcribed by me, and form +part of an epitaph upon a tombstone or mural slab, which many years past +was to be found in (if I mistake not) the churchyard of Old Kilcullen, co. +Kildare: + + "Ye wiley youths, as you pass by, + Look on my grave with weeping eye: + Waste not your _strenth_ before it blossom, + For if you do _yous_ will _shurdley_ want it." + +J. F. FERGUSON. + +Dublin. + +_Reynolds (Sir Joshua's) Baptism._--I have been favoured by the incumbent +of Plympton S. Maurice with a copy of the following entry in the Register +of Baptisms of that parish, together with the appended note; which, if the +fact be not generally known, may be of interest to your correspondent A. Z. +(Vol. viii., p. 102.) as well as to others among the readers of "N. & Q.": + + "1723. Joseph, son of Samuel Reynolds, clerk, baptised July the 30th." + +On another page is the following memorandum: + + "In the entry of baptisms for the year 1723, the person by mistake + named _Joseph_, son of Samuel Reynolds, clerk, baptized July 30th, was + _Joshua_ Reynolds, the celebrated painter, who died February 23, 1792." + +Samuel Reynolds, the father, was master of Plympton Grammar School from +about 1715 to 1745, in which year he died. During that period his name +appears once in the parish book, in the year 1742, as "minister for the +time being" (not incumbent of the parish): the Rev. Geo. Langworthy having +been the incumbent from 1736 to 1745, both inclusive. + +Query, Was Sir Joshua by mistake _baptized Joseph_? or was the mistake made +after baptism, in _registering the name_? + +J. SANSOM. + +Oxford. + +_Tradescant._--The pages of "N. & Q." have elicited and preserved so much +towards the history of John Tradescant and his family, that the +accompanying extract from the register of St. Nicholas Cole Abbey, in the +city of London, should have a place in one of its Numbers: + + "1638. _Marriages._--John Tradeskant of Lambeth, co. Surrey, and Hester + Pooks of St. Bride's, London, maiden, married, by licence from Mr. + Cooke, Oct. 1." + +{514} + +This lady erected the original monument in Lambeth churchyard upon the +death of her husband in 1662. She died 1678. + +G. + + * * * * * + + +Queries. + +GRAMMAR IN RELATION TO LOGIC. + +Dr. Latham (_Outlines of Logic_, p. 21., 1847, and _English Language_, p. +510., 2nd edition) defines the conjunction to be a part of speech that +connects _propositions_, not _words_. His doctrine is so palpably and +demonstrably false, that I am somewhat at a loss to understand how a man of +his penetration can be so far deceived by a crotchet as to be blind to the +host of examples which point to the direct converse of his doctrine. Let +the learned Doctor try to resolve the sentence, _All men are either +two-legged, one-legged, or no-legged_, into three constituent propositions. +It cannot be done; _either_ and _or_ are here conjunctions which connect +words and not propositions. In the example, _John and James carry a +basket_, it is of course quite plain that the _logic_ of the matter is that +_John carries one portion of the basket, and James carries the rest_. But +to identify these two propositions with the first mentioned, is to confound +grammar with logic. The former deals with the method of expression, the +latter with the method of stating (in thought) and syllogising. To take +another example, _Charles and Thomas stole all the apples_. The fact +probably was, that Charles' pockets contained some of the apples, and +Thomas' pockets contained all the rest. But the business of grammar in the +above sentence is to regulate the _form_ of the expression, not to reason +upon the _matter_ expressed. A little thought will soon convince any person +accustomed to these subjects that _conjunctions always connect words, not +propositions_. The only work in which I leave seen Dr. Latham's fundamental +error exposed, is in Boole's _Mathematical Analysis of Logic_; the learned +author, though he seems unsettled on many matters of logic and metaphysics, +has clearly made up his mind on the point now under discussion. He says: + + "The proposition, every animal is _either_ rational _or_ irrational, + cannot be resolved into, _Either_ every animal is rational, _or_ every + animal is irrational. The former belong to pure categoricals, to latter + to hypotheticals [Query _disjunctives_]. In _singular_ propositions + such conversions would seem to be allowable. This animal is _either_ + rational _or_ irrational, is equivalent to, _Either_ this animal is + rational, _or_ it is irrational. This peculiarity of _singular_ + propositions would almost justify our ranking them, though truly + universals, in a separate class, as Ramus and his followers did."--P. + 59. + +This certainly seems unanswerable. + +If Dr. Latham is a reader of "N. & Q.," I should be glad if he would give +his reasons for adhering to his original doctrine in the face of such facts +as those I have instanced. + +C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY. + +Birmingham. + + * * * * * + +THE CORONET [CROWN] OF LLEWELYN AP GRIFFITH, PRINCE OF WALES. + +A notice, transferred to _The Times_ of the 5th instant from a recent +number of _The Builder_, on the shrine of Edward the Confessor, after +mentioning that "to this shrine Edward I. offered the Scottish regalia and +the coronation chair, which is still preserved," adds, "Alphonso, about +1280, offered it the golden coronet of Llewelyn, Prince of Wales, and other +jewels." + +Who was Alphonso? And would the contributor of the notice favour the +readers of "N. & Q." with the authority _in extenso_ for the offering of +this coronet? + +The period assigned for the offering is certainly too early; Llewelyn ap +Griffith, "the last sovereign of one of the most ancient ruling families of +Europe" (_Hist. of England_, by Sir James Mackintosh, vol. ii. p. 254.), +having been slain at Builth, Dec. 11, 1282. Warrington (_Hist. of. Wales_, +vol. ii. p. 271.), on the authority of Rymer's _Foedera_, vol. ii. p. 224., +says: "Upon stripping Llewelyn there were found his Privy Seal; a paper +that was filled with dark expressions, and a list of names written in a +kind of cypher;" omitting, it will be observed, any reference to Llewelyn's +coronet. That monarch's crown was probably obtained and transmitted to +Edward I. on the capture, June 21, 1283, or shortly after, of his brother +David ap Griffith, Lord of Denbigh, who had assumed the Welsh throne on the +demise of Llewelyn; the Princess Catherine, the daughter and heir of the +latter, and _de jure_ sovereign Princess of Wales, being then an infant. +Warrington states (vol. ii. p. 285.) that when David was taken, a relic, +highly venerated by the Princes of Wales, was found upon him, called +_Crosseneych_, supposed to be a part of the real cross brought by St. Neots +into Wales from the Holy Land; and he adds that, besides the above relic, +which was voluntarily delivered up to Edward by a secretary of the late +Prince of Wales, "the crown of the celebrated King Arthur, with many +precious jewels, was about this time presented to Edward," citing as his +authorities _Annales Waverleienses_, p. 238.; Rymer's _Foedera_, vol. ii. +p. 247. + +There are some particulars of these relics in the _Archaeologia Cambrensis_; +but neither that periodical, nor the authorities referred to by Warrington, +are at the moment accessible to me. + +CAMBRO-BRITON. + + * * * * * + + +{515} + +Minor Queries. + +_Monumental Brass at Wanlip, Co. Leicester, and Sepulchral Inscriptions in +English._--In the church of Wanlip, near this town, is a fine brass of a +knight and his lady, and round the margin the following inscription, +divided at the corners of the slab by the Evangelistic symbols: + + "Here lyes Thomas Walssh, Knyght, lorde of Anlep, and dame Kat'ine his + Wyfe, whiche in yer tyme made the Kirke of Anlep, and halud the + Kirkyerd first, in Wirchip of God, and of oure lady, and seynt + Nicholas, that God haue yer soules and mercy, Anno Dni mill[=m]o + CCC^{mo} nonagesimo tercio." + +Mr. Bloom states, in his _Mon. Arch. of Great Britain_, p. 210., that-- + + "There are, perhaps, no sepulchral inscriptions in that tongue + (English) _prior to the fifteenth century_; yet at almost the beginning + of it, some are to be met with, and they became more common as the + century drew to a close." + +Is there any monumental inscription in English, earlier than the above +curious one, known to any of your correspondents? + +WILLIAM KELLY. + +Leicester. + +_Influence of Politics on Fashion._--Can any one of the numerous readers of +"N. & Q." explain the meaning of the following passage of the note of p. +305. of Alison's _History of Europe_, 7th edition?-- + + "A very curious work might be written on the influence of political + events and ideas on the prevailing fashions both for men and women; + there is always a certain analogy between them. Witness the + shepherd-plaid trousers for gentlemen, and coarse shawls and muslins + worn by ladies in Great Britain during the Reform fervour of 1832-4." + +HENRI VAN LAUN. + +King William's College, Isle of Man. + +_Rev. W. Rondall._--Can any of your correspondents give information +respecting the Rev. William Rondall, Vicar of Blackhampton, Devonshire +(1548), who translated into English a portion of the writings of the +learned Erasmus? + +HISTORICUS. + +_Henry, third Earl of Northumberland._--The above nobleman fell on the +battle field of Towton (Yorkshire), 29th March, 1461, and was interred in +the church of St. Denys, or Dionisius, in York, where his tomb, denuded of +its brass, is still pointed out. Pray does an account exist, in any of our +old historians, as to the removal of the body of the above nobleman from +that dread field of slaughter to his mansion in Walmgate in the above city, +and of his interment, which doubtless was a strictly private one? Again, +does any record exist of the latter event in any book of early registers +belonging to the above church? Doubtless many readers of "N. & Q." will be +able to answer these three Queries. + +M. AISLABIE DENHAM. + +Piersebridge, Darlington. + +_"When we survey," &c._--Where are the following lines to be found? + + "When we survey yon circling orbs on high, + Say, do they only grace the spangled sky? + Have they no influence, no function given + To execute the awful will of Heaven? + Is there no sympathy pervading all + Between the planets and this earthly ball? + No tactile intercourse from pole to pole, + Between the ambient and the human soul? + No link extended through the vast profound, + Combining all above, below, around?" + +ALLEDIUS. + +_Turnbull's Continuation of Robertson._--Some years ago, a continuation of +Robertson's work on _Scottish Peerages_ was announced by Mr. Turnbull, +Advocate of Edinburgh.--I shall be glad to be informed whether it as +published; and by whom or where. + +FECIALIS. + +_An Heraldic Query._--Will any one of your contributors from Lancashire or +Cheshire, who may have access to ancient ordinaries of arms, whether in +print or in manuscript, favour me by saying whether he has ever met with +the following coat: Per _pale_, argent and sable, a fess embattled, between +three falcons counterchanged, belled or? It has been attributed to the +family of Thompson of Lancashire, by Captain Booth of Stockport, and an +heraldic writer named Saunders; but what authority attaches to either I am +not aware. Is it mentioned in Corry's _Lancashire_? + +HERALDICUS. + +_Osborn filius Herfasti._--Were Osborn, son of Herfast, abbot of S. +Evroult, and Osborn de Crepon (filius Herfasti patris Gunnoris comitissae), +_brothers_? or were there two Herfasts? + +J. SANSOM. + +_Jews in China._--A colony of Jews is known to exist in the centre of +China, who worship God according to the belief of their forefathers; and +the aborigines of the northern portion of Australia exercise the rite of +circumcision. Can these colonists and aborigines be traced to any of the +nations of the lost tribes? + +HISTORICUS. + +_Derivation of "Mammet."_--The Rev. B. Chenevix Trench, in his book on the +_Study of Words_, 4th edition, p. 79., gives the derivation of the old +English word _mammet_ from "Mammetry or Mahometry," and cites, in proof of +this, Capulet calling his daughter "a whining _mammet_." Now Johnson, {516} +in his _Dictionary_, the folio edition, derives _mammet_ from the word +_maman_, and also from the word _man_; and mentions Shakspeare's + + "This is no world to play with _mammets_, or to tilt with + lips."--_Henry IV._ (First Part), Act II. Sc. 3. + +As both Dr. Johnson, the Rev. Ch. Trench, and many others, agree that +_mammet_ means "puppet," why not derive this word from the French _marmot_, +which means a puppet.--Can any of the readers of the "N. & Q." give me a +few examples to strengthen my supposition? + +HENRI VAN LAUN. + +King William's College, Isle of Man. + +_Non-recurring Diseases._--Among the many diseases to which humanity is +subject, there are some which we are all supposed to have once, and but +once, in our lifetime. Is this an unquestioned fact? and if so, has +anything like a satisfactory explanation of it been offered? + +[Hebrew: P]. + +_Warville._--There being no _w_ in the French language, whence did Brissot +de Warville derive the latter word of his name? + +UNEDA. + +Philadelphia. + +_Dr. Doddridge._--A poem entitled "To my Wife's Bosom," and beginning + + "Open, open, lovely breast, + Let me languish into rest!" + +occasionally appears with the name of the Rev. Dr. Doddridge as the author. +Is it his? + +M. E. + +Philadelphia. + +_Pelasgi._--In an article which appeared some time ago in Hogg's +_Instructor_, Thomas de Quincey, speaking of the Pelasgi, characterises +them as a race sorrowful beyond conception.--What is known of their history +to lead to this inference? + +T. D. RIDLEY. + +West Hartlepool. + +_Huc's Travels._--I was lately told, I think on the authority of a writer +in the _Gardener's Chronicle_, that the travels of Messrs. Huc and Gabet in +Thibet, Tartary, &c., was a pure fabrication, concocted by some Parisian +_litterateur_. Can any of your readers confirm or refute this statement? + +C. W. B. + +_The Mousehunt._--I should feel much obliged to any reader of "N. & Q." who +would refer me to any mention of in print, or give me any information from +his own personal experience, respecting a small animal of the weasel tribe +called the mousehunt, an animal apparently but little known; it is scarcely +half the size of the common weasel, and of a pale mouse-colour. It is said +to be well known in Suffolk, whence, however, after some trouble, I have +been unsuccessful in obtaining a specimen; young stoats or weasels having +been sent me instead of it. I could not find a specimen in the British +Museum. Some years ago I saw two in Glamorganshire; one escaped me; the +other had been killed by a ferret, but unfortunately I neglected to +preserve it. Near the same spot last year a pair of them began making their +nest, but being disturbed by some workmen employed in clearing out the +drain in which they had ensconced themselves, were lost sight of and +escaped. + +Mr. Colquhoun, in _The Moor and the Loch_, ed. 1851, says: + + "The English peasantry assert that there are two kinds of weasel, one + very small, called a 'cane,' or 'the mousekiller.' This idea, I have no + doubt, is erroneous, and the 'mousekillers' are only the young ones of + the year, numbers of these half-grown weasels appearing in summer and + autumn." + +The only description I have met with in print is in _Bell's Life_ of Dec. +7, 1851, where "Scrutator," in No. 15. of his Letters "On the Management of +Horses, Hounds, &c.," writes: + + "I know only of one species of stoat, but I have certainly seen more + than one species of weasel.... There is one species of weasel so small + that it can easily follow mice into their holes; and one of these, not + a month ago, I watched go into a mouse's hole in an open grass field. + Seeing something hopping along in the grass, which I took for a large + long-tailed field mouse, I stood still as it was approaching my + position, and when within a foot or two of the spot on which I was + standing, so that I could have a full view of the animal, a very small + weasel appeared, and quickly disappeared again in a tuft of grass. On + searching the spot I discovered a mousehole, in which Mr. Weasel had + made his exit." + +W. R. D. SALMON. + +_Lockwood, the Court Jester._--In some _MS._ accounts temp. Edw. VI., Mary, +and Elizabeth, now before me, payments to "Lockwood, the king's jester," or +"the queen's jester, whose name is Lockwood," are of almost annual +occurrence. He appears to have travelled about the country like the +companies of itinerant players. + +Are any particulars known respecting him, and where shall I find the best +account of the ancient court jesters? I am aware of Douce's work, and the +memoirs of Will. Somers, the fool of Henry VIII. + +WILLIAM KELLY. + +Leicester. + +_Right of redeeming Property._--In some country or district which I have +formerly visited, there exists, or did recently exist, a right of redeeming +property which had passed from its owner's hands, somewhat similar to that +prescribed to the Jews in Leviticus xxvi. 25. &c., and analogous to the +custom in Brittany, with which Sterne's beautiful story has made us {517} +familiar. Can you help me to remember where it is? + +C. W. B. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Queries with Answers. + +_Dictionary of Zingari._--Can you direct me to a glossary or dictionary of +this language? I have seen Borrow's _Lavengro_, and am not aware whether +either of his other works contains anything of the sort. I should imagine +it cannot be a perfect language, since the Rommanies located in our +locality invariably use the English articles and pronouns; but knowing +nothing more of it than what I glean from casual intercourse, I am unable +to decide to my own satisfaction. + +R. C. WARDE. + +Kidderminster. + + [A dictionary of the Zincali will be found in the first three editions + of the following work: _The Zincali; or, an Account of the Gypsies of + Spain_; with an original Collection of their Songs and Poetry, and a + copious Dictionary of their Language. By George Borrow, 2 vols., 1841. + This dictionary is omitted in the fourth edition of 1846; but some + "Specimens of Gypsy dialects" are added. Our correspondent may also be + referred to the two following works, which appear in the current number + of Quarritch's Catalogue: "Pott, Die Zigeuner in Europa und Asien, vol. + i. Einleitung und Grammatik, ii. Ueber Gaunersprachen, Woerterbuch and + Sprachproben, 2 vols. 8vo. sewed, 15s. Halle, 1844-45." "Rotwellsche + Grammatik oder Sprachkunst; Woerterbuch der Zigeuner-Sprache, 2 parts in + 1, 12mo. half-bound morocco, 7s. 6d. Frankfurt, 1755."] + +_Sir Robert Coke._--Of what family was Sir Robert Coke, referred to in +_Granger_, vol. iii. p. 212., ed. 1779, as having collected a valuable +library bestowed by George, first Earl of Berkeley, on Sion College, +London, the letter of thanks for which is in Collins? + +T. P. L. + +Manchester. + + [Sir Robert Coke was son and heir to Sir Edward Coke, Lord Chief + Justice of the Kings Bench. The Cokes had been settled for many + generations in the county of Norfolk. Camden has traced the pedigree of + the family to William Coke of Doddington in Norfolk, in the reign of + King John. They had risen to considerable distinction under Edward + III., when Sir Thomas Coke was made Seneschal of Gascoigne. From him, + in the right male line, was descended Robert Coke, the father of Sir + Edward. See Campbell's _Lives of Chief Justices_, vol. i. p. 240.] + +_Regium Donum._--What is the origin and history of the "Regium Donum?" + +HENRI VAN LAUN. + +King William's College, Isle of Man. + + [In the year 1672, Charles II. gave to Sir Arthur Forbes the sum of + 600l., to be applied to the use of the Presbyterian ministers in + Ireland. He professed not to know how to bestow it in a better manner, + as he had learnt that these ministers had been loyal, and had even + suffered on his account; and as that sum remained undisposed of in "the + settlement of the revenue of Ireland," he gave it in his charity to + them. This was the origin of the _Regum donum_. As the dissenters + approved themselves strong friends to the House of Brunswick, George + I., in 1723, wished too to reward them for their loyalty, and, by a + retaining fee, preserve them stedfast. A considerable sum, therefore, + was annually lodged with the heads of the Presbyterians, Independents, + and Baptists, to be distributed among the necessitous ministers of + their congregations.] + +_Who was the Author of "Jerningham" and "Doveton?"_ (Vol. viii., p. +127.).--MR. ANSTRUTHER begs to decline the compliment; perhaps the +publisher of the admirable _History of the War in Affghanistan_ can find a +head to fit the cap. + +Oswestry. + + [On a reference to our note-book, we find our authority for attributing + the authorship of these works to Mr. Anstruther is the _Gentleman's + Magazine_ for September, 1837, p. 283. In the review of _Doveton_ the + writer says, "There is in it a good deal to amuse, and something to + instruct, but the whole narrative of _Mr. Anstruther_ is too + melodramatic," &c. However, as he declines the compliment, perhaps some + of our readers will be able to find the right head to fit the cap.] + +_Alma Mater._--In Ainsworth's _Latin Dictionary_ I observed he limits the +use of that expression to Cambridge. I have been accustomed to see it used +for Oxford, or any other university. What is his reason for applying it to +Cambridge alone? + +MA. L. + + [Bailey, too, in his _Dictionary_, applies the epithet exclusively to + Cambridge, _Alma mater Cantabrigia_: so that it seems to have + originated with that university. It is now popularly applied to Oxford, + and other universities, by those who have imbibed the milk of learning + from these places. The epithet has lately been transplanted to the + United States of America.] + + * * * * * + + +Replies. + +ALEXANDER CLARK. + +(Vol. viii., p. 18.) + +In communicating a few particulars about Alexander Clark, I must disappoint +your correspondent PERTHENSIS; _my_ subject answering in no respect to +Peter Buchan's "drucken dominie," the author of the _Buttery College_. +Alexander Clark, who has fallen in my way, belongs to the class of "amiable +enthusiasts;" a character I am somewhat fond of, believing that in any +pursuit a dash of the latter quality is essential to success. + +Clark was by profession a gardener; and as my friends in the north always +seek to localise their worthies, I venture to assign him to Annandale. My +first acquaintance with him arose from his {518} _Emblematical +Representation_ falling into my hands; and, pursuing my inquiries, I found +this was but one of some half-dozen visionary works from the same pen. In +his _View of the Glory of the Messiah's Kingdom_, we have the origin of his +taking upon himself the prophetic character; it is entitled: + + "A Brief Account of an Extraordinary Revelation, and other Things + Remarkable, in the Course of God's Dealings with Alexander Clark, + Gardener at Dumcrief, near Moffat, Anandale, in the Year 1749." + + "In the month of August, 1749," says he, "at a certain time when the + Lord was pleased to chastise me greatly in a bed of affliction, and in + the midst of my great trial, it pleased the Almighty God wonderfully to + surprise me with a glorious light round about me; and looking up, I saw + straight before me a glorious building in the air, as bright and clear + as the sun: it was so vastly great, so amiable to behold, so full of + majesty and glory, that it filled my heart with wonder and admiration. + The place where this sight appeared to me was just over the city of + Edinburgh; at the same instant I heard, as it were, the musick bells of + the said city ring for joy." + +From this period, Clark's character became tinged with that enthusiasm +which ended in his belief that he was inspired; and that in publishing +his-- + + "Signs of the Times: showing by many infallible Testimonies and Proofs + out of the Holy Scripture, that an extraordinary Change is at Hand, + even at the very Door,"-- + +he was merely "emitting what he derived directly, by special favour, from +God!" + + "The Spirit of God," he says on another occasion, "was so sensibly + poured out upon me, and to such a degree, that I was thereby made to + see things done in secret, and came to find things lost, and knew where + to go to find those things which were lost!" + +This _second sight_, if I may so call it, set our author upon drawing aside +the veil from the prophetic writings; and his view of their mystical sense +is diffused over the indigested and rambling works bearing the following +titles: + + "A View of the Glory of the Messiah's Kingdom." 1763. + + "Remarks upon the Accomplishment of Scripture Prophecy." + + "A Practical Treatise on Regeneration." 1764. + + "The Mystery of God opened," &c. Edinburgh. 1768. + + "An Emblematical Representation of the Paradise of God, showing the + Nature of Spiritual Industry in the Similitude of a Garden, well + ordered, dressed, and kept, with Sundry Reflections on the Nature of + Divine Knowledge, 1779." + +In his _Address to the Friendly Society of Gardeners_, Clark gives some +account of his worldly condition; of his early training in religious +habits; his laborious and industrious devotion to his profession, with +which he seems to have been greatly enamoured, although poorly paid, and +often in straits. Subsequently to the great event of his life--his +vision--our subject appears to have come south, and to have been in the +employment of Lord Charles Spencer at Hanworth in Middlesex. Like most of +the prophets of his day, Clark was haunted with the belief that the last +day was approaching; and considering himself called upon to announce to his +acquaintance and neighbours that this "terrible judgment of God was at +hand," he got but contempt and ridicule for his pains:--more than that, +indeed, for those raising the cry that he was a madman, they procured the +poor man's expulsion from his situation. Under all these discouraging +circumstances, he maintained his firm conviction of the approaching end of +time: so strongly was his mind bent in this direction, that "I opened the +window of the house where I then was," says he, "thinking to see Christ +coming in the clouds!" + + "I was three days and three nights that I could not eat, drink, nor + sleep; and when I would close my eyes, I felt something always touching + me; at length I heard a voice sounding in mine ears, saying 'Sleep not, + lest thou sleep the sleep of death:' and at that I looked for my Bible, + and at the first opening of it I read these words, which were sent with + power, 'To him that overcometh,'" &c. + +Poor Clark, like his prototype Thomas Newans, laboured hard to obtain the +sanction of the hierarchy to his predictions: + + "I desire no man," he says, "to believe me without proof; and if the + Reverend the Clergy would think this worth their perusal, I would very + willingly hear what they had to say either for or against." + +The orthodoxy of the "Reverend the Clergy" was not, however, to be moved; +and Alexander Clark and his books now but serve the end of pointing a +moral. With more real humility and less presumption, there was much that +was good about him; but letting his heated fancies get the better of the +little judgment he possessed, our _amiable enthusiast_ became rather a +stumbling-block than light to his generation. + +J. O. + + * * * * * + +AMCOTTS PEDIGREE. + +(Vol. viii., p. 387.) + +Although I may not be able to furnish your inquirer with full pedigree of +this family, my Notes may prove useful in making it out. + +From a settlement after marriage in 1663, of Vincent Amcotts of Laughton, +in the county of Lincoln, gentleman, I find his wife's name to be Amy; but +who she was is not disclosed. It appears she survived her husband, and was +his {519} widow and relict and executrix living in 1687. Their eldest +daughter Elizabeth married John Sheffield, Esq., of Croxby, and I have +noted three children of theirs, viz. Vincent, who died s.p.; Christopher, +who, with Margaret, his wife, in 1676 sold the Croxby estate; and Sarah. +What farther as to this branch does not appear, although my next Vincent +Amcotts may be, and probably was, a descendant. This Vincent Amcotts was of +Harrington, in the county of Lincoln, Esq.; and who, from his marriage +settlement dated May 16 and 17, 1720, married Elizabeth, the third of the +four daughters of John Quincy of Aslackby, in the county of Lincoln, +gentleman: and I find the issue of this marriage to be Charles Amcotts of +Kettlethorpe, in the county of Lincoln, Esq., who died in 1777 s.p.; Anna +Maria, whom married Wharton Emerson; Elizabeth, who died previous to her +brother Charles; and Frances, who married the Rev. Edward Buckworth of +Washingborough, in the county of Lincoln, Clerk, Doctor of Laws. + +After the death of Charles Amcotts, we find Wharton Emerson at +Kettlethorpe, having assumed the name of Amcotts: he was created a baronet +in 1796, the title being limited in remainder to the eldest son of his +daughter Elizabeth. Sir Wharton Amcotts married a second wife, Amelia +Campbell, by whom he had a daughter, but what became of her does not +appear. Elizabeth, the daughter and heir of Sir Wharton Amcotts by his +first wife Anna Maria Amcotts, married in 1780 John Ingilby, Esq., of +Ripley, who in the next year was created a baronet: and they appear to have +had eleven children, viz. John Charles Amcotts, the present Sir William +Amcotts Ingelby, in whom both titles are vested, Elizabeth, Augusta, Anna +Maria, and Ann; which last three died in infancy; Diana, Vincent Bosville, +who died at a year old, and Julia and Constance. Thus far my Notes extend. + +W. S. HESLEDEN. + +Barton-upon-Humber. + + * * * * * + +SIR RALPH WINWOOD. + +(Vol. viii., p. 272.) + +I have an original letter of Sir Ralph Winwood's in French, addressed "A +Monsieur Mons^r Charles Huyghens, Secretaire du Conseil d'estat de +Mess^{rs} les Estats a la Haye," which, as it may possibly be interesting +to your correspondent H. P. W. R., I here transcribe: + + "Mons^r.--Vos dernieres m'ont rendu tesmoignage de vostre bonn' + affection en mon endroict. Car je m'asseure que vous n'eussiez jamais + recommende vostre filz a ma protection si mon nom n'eust este + enregistre au nombre de vos meilleurs et plus affectionnes amys. Je + m'en vay, dans peu de jours, trouver Sa Ma^{te} en son retour d'Escoce, + et j'espere sur la fin du moys de 7^{bre} de me rendre a ma maison a + Londres. Sur ce temps-la, s'il vous plaira d'envoyer v^{re} filz vers + moy, il sera le bien venu. Son traittement rendra tesmoinage de + l'estime que je fais de vostre amitie. De vous envoyer des nouvelles, + ce seroyt d'envoyer _Noctuas Athenas_. Tout est coy icy. La mort de + Concini a rendu la France heureuse. Mais l'Italie est en danger d'estre + exposee a la tirannie d'Espagne. Je vous baise les mains, et suis, + Mons^r, vostre plus affectionne servit^r, + + RODOLPHE WINWOOD. + "De Londres, le 7^{me} de Juillet." + +The year is not indicated, but the allusion to the death of Concini (the +celebrated Marechal d'Ancre, who was assassinated by order of Louis XIII.) +proves that this letter was written in 1617, and very shortly before the +death of the writer, which occurred on the 27th of October in that year. + +M. Charles Huyghens, to whom the letter is addressed, was probably the +father of Constantine Huyghens, the Dutch poet-politician, who was +secretary and privy counsellor to the Stadtholders Frederick Henry, and +William I. and II., and who, not improbably, was the son here mentioned as +recommended to the protection of Sir R. Winwood, and who, at that date, +would have been twenty-one years of age. + +Constantine was himself the father of the still more celebrated Christian +Huyghens, the astronomer and mathematician. The seal on the letter, which +is in excellent preservation, is a shield bearing the following arms: 1. +and 4. a cross botonne, 2. and 3. three fleurs-de-lis. + +W. SNEYD. + +Denton. + + * * * * * + +TRENCH ON PROVERBS. + +(Vol. viii., p. 387.) + +I hope that neither Mr. Trench nor his critic E. M. B. will consider me +interfering by my making an observation or two on the correct rendering of +the latter part of Ps. cxxvii. 2. Mr. Trench is perfectly correct by +supposing an ellipsis in the sentence alluded to, and the words + + [Hebrew: YTN LYDYDW SHN'] + +should have been translated, "He will give to his beloved whilst he [the +beloved] is asleep." The translation of the authorised version of that +sacred affirmation is unintelligible. Mr. Trench has the support of +Luther's version, which has the sentence thus: + + "Seinen Freunden giebt er es schlafend." + +The celebrated German Jewish translator of the Old Testament agrees with +Mr. Trench. The following is Dr. Zunz's rendering: + + "Das giebt er seinem Liebling im Schlaf." + +{520} + +The following is the Hebrew annotation in the far-famed Moses Mendelsohn's +edition of the Book of Psalms: + + [Hebrew: YTNHW HQB-H LYDYDW 'SHR HW' CHPTS BW B`WDNW YSHN WBLY MRCHH:] + +"The holy and blessed One will give it to his beloved, in whom He delights, +whilst he is yet asleep and without fatigue." + +I need not adduce passages in the Hebrew Psalter, where such ellipsises do +occur. E. M. B. evidently knows his Hebrew Bible well, and a legion of +examples will immediately occur to him. + +MOSES MARGOLIOUTH. + +Wybunbury, Nantwich. + +If E. M. B. will refer to Hengstenberg's _Commentary on the Psalms_, he +will find that Mr. Trench is not without authority for his translation of +Ps. cxxvii. 2. I quote the passage from Thompson and Fairbairn's +translation, in Clark's _Theological Library_, vol. iii. p. 449.: + + "[Hebrew: SHN'] for [Hebrew: SHNH] is not the accusative, but the + preposition is omitted, as is frequently the case with words that are + in constant use. For example, [Hebrew: BQR, `RB], to which [Hebrew: + SHNH] here is poetically made like. The exposition _He gives sleep_, + instead of _in sleep_, gives an unsuitable meaning. For the subject is + not about the sleep, but the gain." + +C. I. E. + +Winkfield. + +Has the translation of Ps. cxxvii. 2., which Mr. Trench has adopted, the +sanction of any version but that of Luther? + +N. B. + + * * * * * + + +ON PALINDROMES. + +(Vol vii., p. 178. &c.) + +Several of your correspondents have offered Notes upon these singular +compositions, and AGRICOLA DE MONTE adduces + + "[Greek: NIPSON ANOMEMATA, ME MONAN OPSIN]" + +as an example. As neither he nor MR. ELLACOMBE give it as found _out_ of +this country, allow me to say that it was to be seen on a benitier in the +church of Notre Dame at Paris. If it were not for the substitution of the +adjective [Greek: MONAN] for the adverb [Greek: MONON], the line would be +one of the best specimens of the recurrent order. + +I notice that a correspondent (Vol. vii., p. 336.) describes the Palindrome +as being universally _sotadic_. Now, this term was only intended to apply +to the early samples of this fanciful species of verse in Latin, the +production Sotades, a Roman poet, 250 B.C. The lines given by BOEOTICUS +(Vol. vi., p. 209.), + + "Roma tibi subito motibus ibit amor?" + +owe their authorship to his degraded Muse, and many others which would but +pollute your pages. + +The hexameter "Sacrum pingue," &c. given by [Omega]. [Phi]. (Vol. vi., p. +36.), is to be found in Misson's _Voyage to Italy_, copied from an old +cloister wall of Santa Maria Novella at Florence. These ingenious verses +are Leoline[2], and it is noted that "the sacrifice of Cain was not a +living victim." + +I have seen it stated that the English language affords but _one_ specimen +of the palindrome, while the Latin and Greek have many. The late Dr. Winter +Hamilton, the author of _Nugae Literariae_, gives this solitary line, which +at the best is awkwardly fashioned: + + "Lewd did I live & evil did I dwel." + +Is any other known? + +Some years since I fell in with that which, after all, is the most +wonderful effort of the kind; at least I can conceive of nothing at all +equal to it. + +It is to be found in a poem called [Greek: Poiema Karkinekon], written in +ancient Greek by a modern Greek called Ambrosius, printed in Vienna in +1802, and dedicated to the Emperor Alexander. It contains 455 lines, every +one of which is literal palindrome. + +I have some hesitation in giving even a quotation; and yet, notwithstanding +the forced character of some of the lines, your readers will not fail to +admire the classic elegance of this remarkable composition. + + "[Greek: Eu Elisabet, Alla t' ebasileue.] + [Greek: Elabe ta kaka, kai akaka katebale.] + [Greek: Areta pegase de sa ge patera.] + [Greek: Somati so phene phene phos itamos.] + [Greek: Su de Heros hoios o Rhos hoios hore hedus:] + [Greek: Noi su laoi alaoi alusion.] + [Greek: Neme ethe laoi toi alethe emen.] + [Greek: Su eso ethnei ekei entheos eus.] + [Greek: Ho Rhos ele ti su lusiteles oro.] + [Greek: Alla ta en noi bale, labon nea t' alla] + [Greek: Soter su eso o elee thee leo, hos eus rhetos] + [Greek: Son hade sotera idia rhetos edanos.]" + +CHARLES REED. + +Paternoster Row. + +[Footnote 2: Leo was a poet of the twelfth century.] + +Here is a Palindrome that surrounds a figure of the sun in the mosaic +pavement of Sa. Maria del Fiori at Florence: + + "En giro torte sol ciclos et rotor igne." + +Could any of your correspondents translate this enigmatical line? + +MOSAFFUR. + +E. I. Club. + + * * * * * + + +Replies to Minor Queries. + +_The Claymore_ (Vol. viii., p. 365.).--I believe there is no doubt that the +true Scottish claymore is the heavy two-handed sword, examples of which are +preserved at Dumbarton Castle, and at {521} Hawthornden, and respectively +attributed to William Wallace, and to Robert the Bruce. The latter is a +very remarkable specimen, the grip being formed either of the tusk of a +walrus or of a small elephant, considerably curved; and the guard is +constructed of two iron bars, terminated by trefoils, and intersecting each +other at right angles. The blade is very ponderous, and shorter than usual +in weapons of this description. + +The claymore of modern times is a broadsword, double or single-edged, and +provided with a basket hilt of form peculiar to Scotland, though the idea +was probably derived from Spain. Swords with basket hilts were commonly +used by the English cavalry in the reigns of Charles I. and II., but they +are always of a different type from the Scotch, though affording as +complete a protection to the hand. I possess some half-dozen examples, some +from Gloucestershire, which are of the times of the civil wars. There are +many swords said to have been the property of Oliver Cromwell; one is in +the United Service Museum: all that I have seen are of this form. + +W. J. BERNHARD SMITH. + +Temple. + +_Temple Lands in Scotland_ (Vol. viii., p. 317.).--Your correspondent +ABREDONENSIS, upon a reference to the undernoted publications, will find +many interesting particulars as to these lands, viz.: + + 1. "Templaria: Papers relative to the History, Privileges, and + Possessions of the Scottish Knights Templars, and their Successors the + Knights of Saint John of Jerusalem, &c. Edited by James Maidment. Sm. + 4to. 1828-29." + + 2. "Abstract of the Charters and other Papers recorded in the + Chartulary of Torphichen, from 1581 to 1596; with an Introductory + Notice and Notes, by John Black Gracie. Sm. 4to. 1830." + + 3. "Notes of Charters, &c., by the Right Hon. Thomas Earl of Melrose, + afterwards Earl of Haddington, to the Vassals of the Barony of Drem, + from 1615 to 1627; with an Introductory Notice, by John Black Gracie. + Sm. 4to. 1830." + + 4. "Fragmenta Scoto-Monastica: Memoir of what has been already done, + and what Materials exist, towards the Formation of a Scottish + Monasticon; to which are appended, Sundry New Instances of Goodly + Matter, by a Delver in Antiquity (W. B. Turnbull). 8vo. 1842." + +The "Introductory Notices" prefixed to Nos. 2. and 3. give full particulars +of the various sales and purchases of the Superioritus, &c., by Mr. Gracie +and others. + +T. G. S. + +Edinburgh. + +_Lewis and Sewell Families_ (Vol. viii., p. 388.).--Your correspondent may +obtain, in respect to the Lewis family, much information in the _Life and +Correspondence of Matthew Gregory Lewis_, two vols. 8vo., London, 1839, +particularly at pp. 6. and 7. of vol. i. He will there find that Matthew +Lewis, Esq., who was Deputy Secretary of War for twenty-six years, married +Frances Sewell, youngest daughter of the Right Hon. Sir Thos. Sewell; that +Lieut.-Gen. Whitelocke and Gen. Sir Thos. Brownrigg, G.C.B., married the +other two daughters of Sir Thos. Sewell; and that Matthew Gregory Lewis, +who wrote the _Castle Spectre_, &c., was son of Matthew Lewis, Esq., the +Deputy Secretary of War. + +With regard to the Sewell family. The Right Hon. Sir Thos. Sewell, who was +Master of the Rolls for twenty years, died in 1784; and there is, I +believe, a very correct account of his family connexions in the +_Gentleman's Magazine_ for 1784, p. 555. He died intestate, and his eldest +son, Thos. Bailey Heath Sewell, succeeded to his estate of Ottershaw and +the manors of Stannards and Fords in Chobham, Surrey. This gentleman was a +magistrate for the county of Surrey; and in the spring of 1794, when this +country was threatened by both foreign and domestic enemies, he became +Lieut.-Col. of a regiment of Light Dragoons (fencibles), raised in Surrey +(at Richmond) by George Lord Onslow, Lord-Lieut. of the county, in which he +served six years, till the Government not requiring their services they +were disbanded. Lieut.-Col. Sewell died in 1803, and was buried in the +church at Chobham, where there is a monument to his memory. Of his family +we have not farther knowledge than that he had a son, Thos. Bermingham +Heath Sewell, who was a cornet in the 32nd Light Dragoons, and lieutenant +in the 4th Dragoon Guards during the war of the French Revolution. The +_History and Antiquities of Surrey_, by the Rev. Owen Manning and Wm. Bray, +in three vols. folio, 1804, has in the third volume much concerning the +Sewell family. + +D. N. + +_Pharaoh's Ring_ (Vol. viii., p. 416.).--The mention of the ring conferred +on, or confided to, Joseph by the Pharaoh of Egypt, as stated in Genesis +xli. 42., reminds me of a ring being shown to me some years ago, which was +believed by its then possessor to be the identical ring, or at all events a +signet ring of the very Pharaoh who promoted Joseph to the chief office in +his kingdom. + +It was a ring of pure gold, running through a hole in a massive wedge of +gold, about the size, as far as I recollect, of a moderate-sized walnut. On +one of its faces was cut the hieroglyphic (inclosed as usual with the names +of Egyptian kings in an oval), as I was assured, of the king, the friend of +Joseph, as was generally supposed by the readers of hieroglyphics: I +pretend to no knowledge of them myself. + +The possessor of the ring, who showed it to me, was Mr. Sams, one of the +Society of Friends, a bookseller at Darlington. Since railroads have {522} +whirled me past that town, I have lost my means of periodical communication +with him. He had, not long before I saw him last, returned from the Holy +Land, where he assured me he had visited every spot that could be +identified mentioned in the New Testament. He had also been some time in +Egypt, and had brought home a great quantity of Egyptian antiquities. The +lesser ones he had in the first floor of a carver and gilder's in Great +Queen Street, between the Freemason's Tavern and Lincoln's Inn Fields. He +was then anxious that these should be bought for the British Museum, and I +think that at his request I wrote to the Earl of Aberdeen to mention this, +and that the answer was that there was already so large a collection in the +Museum, that more, as they must most of them be duplicates, would be of no +use. + +What has become of them I know not. I was told that a number of his larger +antiquities, stone and marble, were for some time placed on Waterloo +Bridge, that being a very quiet place, where people might view them without +interruption. I did not happen to be in London that season, and therefore +did not see them. + +J. SS. + + [The whole of Mr. Sams's collection of Egyptian antiquities were bought + by Joseph Mayer, Esq, F.S.A., of Liverpool, about two years ago, to add + to his previous assemblage of similar monuments, and are placed by him, + with a very valuable collection of mediaeval antiquities, in the + Egyptian Museum, 8. Colquitt Street, Liverpool. The small charge of + sixpence for each visit opens the entire collection to the public; but + it is a lamentable fact, that the curiosity or patriotism of the + inhabitants does not cover Mr. Mayer's expenses by a large annual + amount.] + +_"Could we with ink,"_ &c. (Vol. iii., pp. 127. 180. 257. 422.).--Have not +those correspondents who have answered this Query overlooked the concluding +verse of the gospel according to St. John, of which it appears to me that +the lines in question are an amplification without improvement? Mahomet, it +is well known, imitated many parts of the Bible in the Koran. + +E. G. R. + +_"Populus vult decipi"_ (Vol. vii., p. 578.; Vol. viii, p. 65.).--As an +illustration of this expression the following anecdote is given. When my +father was about thirteen years old, being in London he was, on one +occasion in company with Dr. Wolcot (Peter Pindar), who, calling him to +him, laid his hand on his head, and said, "My little boy, I want you to +remember one thing as long as you live--the people of this world love to be +cheated." + +UNEDA. + +Philadelphia. + +_Red Hair_ (Vol. vii., p. 616.; Vol. viii., p. 86.).--It is frequently +stated that the Turks are admirers of red hair. I have lately met with a +somewhat different account, namely, that the Turks consider red-haired +persons who are fat as "first-rate" people, but those who are lean as the +very reverse. + +M. E. + +Philadelphia. + +_"Land of Green Ginger"_ (Vol. viii., p. 227.).--The authority which I am +able to afford MR. RICHARDSON is simply the tradition of the place, which I +had so frequently heard that I could scarcely doubt the truth of it; this I +intended to be deduced, when I said I did not recollect that the local +histories gave any derivation, and that it was the one "generally received +by the inhabitants." + +To any mind the solution brought forward by MR. BUCKTON (Vol. viii., p. +303.) carries the greatest amount of probability with it of any yet +proposed; and should any of your correspondents have the opportunity of +looking through the unpublished history of Hull by the Rev. De la Pryme, +"collected out of all the records, charters, deeds, mayors' letters, &c. of +the said town," and now placed amongst the Lansdowne MSS. in the British +Museum, I am inclined to think it is very likely it would be substantiated. + +In Mr. Frost's valuable work on the town, which by the way proves it to +have been "a place of opulence and note at a period long anterior to the +date assigned to its existence by historians," he differs materially from +MR. RICHARDSON, in considering that Hollar's plate was "engraved about the +year 1630," not in 1640 as he states. There is also another which appeared +between the time of Hollar and Gent, in Meisner's _Libellus novus politicus +emblematicus Civitatum_, published in 1638, which though not "remarkable +for accuracy of design," is well worthy of notice. It bears the title "Hull +in Engellandt," and also the following curious inscriptions, which I copy +for the interest of your readers: + + "Carcer nonnunquam firmum propugnaculum. Noctua clausa manet in carcere + firmo; Insidias volucrum vetat enim cavea." + + "Wann die Eull eingesperret ist, + Schadet ihr nicht der Feinde list, + Der Kefig ist ihr nicht unnuetz, + Sondern gibt wieder ihr Feind schuetz." + +These lines refer to a curious engraving on the left side of the plan, +representing an owl imprisoned in a cage with a quantity of birds about, +endeavouring to assail it. + +R. W. ELLIOT. + +Clifton. + +_"I put a spoke in his wheel"_ (Vol. viii., p. 351.).--Does not this phrase +mean simply interference, either for good or evil? I fancy the metaphor is +really derived from putting the bars, or spokes, into a capstan or some +such machine. A number {523} of persons being employed, another puts his +spoke in, and assists or hinders them as he pleases. Can a _stick_ be +considered a _spoke_ before it is put into its place, in the nave of the +wheel at least? We often hear the observation, "Then I put in my spoke," +&c. in the relation of an animated discussion. May I venture to suggest a +pun on the preterite of the verb _to speak_? + +G. WILLIAM SKYRING. + +_Pagoda_ (Vol. viii., p. 401.).--May not the word _pagoda_ be a corruption +of the Sanscrit word "Bhagovata," sacred? + +BISHOP OF BRECHIN. + +Dundee. + +_Passage in Virgil_ (Vol. viii., p. 270.).--On this part of Johnson's +letter, Mr. Croker observes: + + "I confess I do not see the object, nor indeed the meaning, of this + allusion." + +The allusion is to Eclogue viii. 43.: + + "Nunc scio, quid sit Amor: duris in cotibus illum + Aut Tmarus, aut Rhodope, aut extremi Garamantes, + Nec generis nostri puerum nec sanguinis, edunt." + +As the shepherd in Virgil had found Love to be not the gentle being he +expected, but of a savage race--"a native of the rocks"--so had Johnson +found a patron to be "one who looked with unconcern on a man struggling for +life," instead of a friend to render assistance. + +Supposing Johnson's estimate of Lord Chesterfield's conduct to be correct, +I cannot help thinking the allusion to be eminently happy. + +J. KELWAY. + +_To speak in Lutestring_ (Vol. viii., p. 202.).--_Lutestring_, or +_lustring_, is a particular kind of silk, and so is _taffeta_; and thus the +phrase may be explained by Shakspeare's _Love's Labour's Lost_, Act V. Sc. +8.: + + "Taffeta phrases, silken terms precise." + +Junius intended to ridicule such kind of affectation by persons who were, +or ought to have been, grave senators. + +J. KELWAY. + +_Dog Latin_ (Vol. viii., p. 218.).--A facetious friend, alluding +particularly to law Latin with its curious abbreviations, says that it is +so called because it is _cur-tailed_! + +J. KELWAY. + +_Longevity_ (Vol. viii., p. 113.).--I recollect seeing an old sailor in the +town of Larne, county Antrim, Ireland, in the year 1826-27, of the name of +Philip Lake, aged 110, who was said to have been a cabin boy in Lord +Anson's vessel, in one of his voyages. If any of your correspondents can +furnish the registry of his death it would be interesting. + +FRAS. CROSSLEY. + +Mary Simondson, familiarly known as "Aunt Polly," died recently at her +cottage near Shippensburg, Pennsylvania, at the advanced age of 126 years. + +M. E. + +Philadelphia. + +_Definition of a Proverb_ (Vol. viii., p. 243.)--C. M. INGLEBY inquires the +source of the following definition of proverb, viz. "The wisdom of many, +and the wit of one." + + "To Lord John Russell are we indebted for that admirable definition of + a proverb: 'The wisdom,' &c."--See Notes to Rogers's _Italy_, 1848. + +The date is added since, in an edition of 1842; this remark makes no part +of the note on the line, "If but a sinew vibrate," &c. + +Q. T. + +_Ireland a bastinadoed Elephant_ (Vol. viii., p. 366.).--I venture to +suggest whether this expression may not be something more than a bull, as +[Old English W]. inclines to call it. If any one will look at a physical +map of Ireland at some little distance, a very slight exercise of the +"mind's eye" will serve to call up in the figure of that island the shape +of a creature kneeling and in pain. Lough Foyle forms the eye; the coast +from Bengore Head to Benmore Head the nose or snout; Belfast Lough the +mouth; the coast below Donaghdee the chin; County Wexford the knees. The +rest of the outline, according to the imagination of the observer, may +assume that of an elephant, or something, perhaps, "very like a whale." +Some fanciful observation of this kind may have suggested the otherwise +unaccountable simile to Curran. + +POLONIUS. + +_Ennui_ (Vol. vii., p. 478.; Vol. viii., p. 377.).--The meaning of this +admirable word is best gleaned from its root, viz. _nuit_. It is somewhat +equivalent to the Greek [Greek: agrupnia], and signifies the sense of +weariness with doing nothing. It gives the lie to the _dolce far niente_: +vide Ps. cxxx. 6., and Job vii. 3, 4. _Ennui_ is closely allied to our +_annoy_ or _annoyance_, through _noceo_, _noxa_, and their probable root +_nox_, [Greek: nux.] It is precisely equivalent to the Latin _taedium_, +which may be derived from _taeda_, which in the plural means a torch, and +through that word may have a side reference to night, the _taedarum horae_: +cf. Ps. xci. 5. The subject is worthy of strict inquiry on the part of +comparative philologists. + +C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY. + +Birmingham. + +_Belle Sauvage_ (Vol. viii., p. 388.).--Your Philadelphian correspondent +asks whether Blue Bell, Blue Anchor, &c., are corruptions of some other +emblem, such as that which in London transformed _La Belle Sauvage_ into +the _Bell Savage_. + +This is not the fact. The Bell Savage on Ludgate Hill was originally kept +by one Isabella Savage. A cotemporary historian, writing of one of the +leaders in a rebellion in the days of Queen {524} Mary, says, "He then sat +down upon a stone opposite to Bell Savage's Inn." + +JAMES EDMESTON. + +Homerton. + +_History of York_ (Vol. viii., p. 125.).--There is a _History of York_, +published in 1785 by Wilson and Spence, described to be an abridgment of +Drake, which is in three volumes, and may be a later edition of the same +work to which MR. ELLIOT alludes. + +F. T. M. + +86. Cannon Street. + +_Encore_ (Vol. viii., p. 387.).--If A. A. knows the meaning of "this French +word" I am a little surprised at his Query. Perhaps he means to ask why a +French word should be used? It probably was first used at concerts and +operas (_ancora_ in Italian), where the performers and even the +performances were foreign, and so became the fashion. Pope says: + + "To the same notes thy sons shall hum or snore, + And all thy yawning daughters cry _encore_." + +It was not, I think, in use so early as Shakspeare's time, who makes Bottom +anticipate that "the Duke shall say, Let him roar _again_, let him roar +_again_," where the jingle of "encore" would have been obvious. It is +somewhat curious that where we use the French word _encore_, the French +audiences use the Latin word "bis." + +C. + +_"Hauling over the Coals"_ (Vol. viii., p. 125.).--This saying I conceive +to have arisen from the custom prevalent in olden times, when every Baron +was supreme in his own castle, of extracting money from the unfortunate +Jews who happened to fall into his power, by means of torture. The most +usual _modus operandi_ seems to have been roasting the victims over a slow +fire. Every one remembers the treatment of Isaac of York by Front-de-Boeuf, +so vividly described in Sir Walter Scott's _Ivanhoe_. Although the practice +has long been numbered amongst the things that were, the fact of its having +once obtained is handed down to posterity in this saying, as when any one +is taken to task for his shortcomings he is _hauled over the coals_. + +JOHN P. STILWELL. + +Dorking. + +_The Words "Cash" and "Mob"_ (Vol. viii., p. 386.).--MR. FOX was right: +_mob_ is not genuine English--teste Dean Swift! A lady who was well known +to Swift used to say that the greatest scrape she ever got into with him +was by using the word _mob_. "Why do you say that?" he exclaimed in a +passion; "never let me hear you say that again!" "Why, sir," she asked, +"what am I to say?" "The rabble, to be sure," answered he. (Sir W. Scott's +_Works of Swift_, vol. ix.) The word appears to have been introduced about +the commencement of the eighteenth century, by a process to which we owe +many other and similar barbarisms--"beauties introduced to supply the want +of wit, sense, humour, and learning." In a paper of _The Tatler_, No. 230., +much in the spirit, and possibly from the pen, of Swift, complaint is made +of the "abbreviations and elisions" which had recently been introduced, and +a humorous example of them is given. By these, the author adds, + + "Consonants of most obdurate sound are joined together without one + softening vowel to intervene; and all this only to make one syllable of + two, directly contrary to the example of the Greeks and Romans, and a + natural tendency towards relapsing into barbarity. And this is still + more visible in the next refinement, which consists in pronouncing the + first syllable in a word that has many, and dismissing the rest. Thus + we cram one syllable and cut off the rest, as the owl fattened her mice + after she had bit off their legs to prevent their running away; and if + ours be the same reason for maiming our words, it will certainly answer + the end, for I am sure no other nation will desire to borrow them." + +I have only to add (see _Blackwood's Magazine_, vol. ii., 1842) that "mob +is _mobile_." + +_Cash_ appears to be from the French _caisse_, a chest, cash. + +J. W. THOMAS. + +Dewsbury. + +_Cash_ is from the French _caisse_, the moneychest where _specie_ was kept. +So _caissier_ became "cashier," and _specie_ "cash." + +_Mob_, Swift tells us (_Polite Conversation_, Introd.), is a contraction +for _mobile_. + +CLERICUS RUSTICUS has not, I fear, Johnson's _Dictionary_, where both these +derivations are given. + +C. + +_Ampers &._ (Vol. ii., pp. 230. 284.; Vol. viii. _passim_).--MR. INGLEBY +may well ask what "and-per-se-and" can mean. The fact is, this is itself a +corruption. In old spelling-books, after the twenty-six letters it was +customary to print the two following symbols with their explanations + + &c. et cetera. + & (per se), and. + +Children were taught to read the above "et-cee, et cetera" and "et-per-se, +and." Such, at least, was the case in a Dublin school, some ninety years +ago, where my informant, now many years deceased, was educated. As _se_ was +not there pronounced like _cee_, but like _say_, there was no danger of +confounding the two names. In England, where a different pronunciation of +the Latin word prevailed, such confusion would be apt to occur; and hence, +probably, English teachers substituted _and_ for _et_; from which, in +course of time, the other corruptions mentioned by MR. LOWER were +developed. + +E. H. D. D. + +{525} + +_The Keate Family, of the Hoo, Herts_ (Vol. viii., p. 293.).--The following +account is taken from Burke's _Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies of England_, +Lond. 1841: + + "William Keate of Hagbourne, in Berkshire, left five sons. The second + son, Ralph Keate of Whaddon, in Wiltshire, married Anne, daughter of + John Clarke, Esq., of Ardington, in Berkshire, and had with other issue + Gilbert Keate, Esq., of London, who married, first, John, daughter of + Niclolas Turbervile, Esq. of Crediton, in Devon, and, secondly, + Elizabeth, daughter of William Armstrong, Esq., of Remston, Notts, and + by her had another son, Jonathan Keate, Esq., of the Hoo, in the county + of Hertford, which estate he acquired with his first wife, Susannah + daughter of William, and sister and heir of Thomas Hoo, of the Hoo and + Kimpton, both in Hertfordshire. Mr. Keate was created a baronet by King + Charles II., 12th June, 1660. Sir Jonathan was sheriff of the county of + Hertford, 17 Charles II., and knight of the same shire in Parliament, + in the thirtieth of the same reign. By his first wife he had issue, + Gilbert Hoo, his heir, Jonathan, Susan, Elizabeth: all died _sine + prole_. He married, secondly, Susanna, daughter of John Orlebar, + citizen of London, but by her had no issue. He died 17th September, + 1700. The baronetcy became extinct in the person of Sir William Keate, + D.D., who died 6th March, 1757." + +[Greek: Halieus] + +_Hour-glasses_ (Vol. viii., p. 454.).--In the church of Wiggenhall, St. +Mary the Virgin, the iron frame of an hour-glass, affixed to a wooden +stand, immediately opposite the pulpit, still remains. + +W. B. D. + +An iron hour-glass stand still remains near the pulpit in the church of +Ashby-Folville, in this county (Leicester). It is fixed to the wall +containing the staircase to the rood-loft. + +In the old church of Anstey, recently pulled down and rebuilt, was an +ancient hour-glass stand, consisting of a pillar of oak, about four feet +high, the top of which is surmounted by a light framework of wood for the +reception of the hour-glass. This specimen is preserved in the museum of +this town. + +WILLIAM KELLY. + +_Marriage of Cousins_ (Vol. viii., p. 387.).--If there is any foundation +for such a statement as is contained in the Query of J. P. relative to the +marriage of cousins, it consists rather in the marriage of first cousins +once removed than of second cousins. It will be seen that the latter +relationship belongs to the same generation, but it is not so with the +former, which partakes more of the nature of uncle and aunt with nephew and +niece. + +W. SLOANE SLOANE-EVANS. + +Cornworthy Vicarage, Totnes. + +There is no legal foundation for the statement that marriage with a second +cousin is valid, and with a first cousin invalid. The following quotation +from Burn's _Ecc. Law_ by Phill., vol. ii. p. 449., will probably be +considered to explain the matter: + + "By the civil law first cousins are allowed to marry, but by the canon + law both first and second cousins (in order to make dispensations more + frequent and necessary) are prohibited; therefore, when it is vulgarly + said that first cousins may marry, but second cousins cannot, probably + this arose by confounding these two laws, for first cousins may marry + by the civil law, and second cousins cannot by the canon law." + +J. G. + +Exon. + +_Waugh, Bishop of Carlisle_ (Vol. viii., p. 271.), was the son of Thomas +and Margaret Waugh, of Appleby, in Westmoreland; born there 2nd February, +1655; educated at Appleby school; matriculated at Queen's College, Oxford, +4th of April, 1679; took his degree of M.A. the 7th of July, 1687; and +elected Fellow on the 18th of January following. He married Elizabeth, +widow of the Rev. Mr. Fiddes, rector of Bridewell, in Oxford, who was the +only surviving child of John Machen, Esq., of ----, in the county of +Oxford, by whom he left son, John Waugh, afterwards chancellor of the +diocese of Carlisle. + +KARLEOLENSIS. + +_Marriage Service_ (Vol. viii., p. 150.).--I have been many years in holy +orders, and have always received the fee together with the ring on the +Prayer Book, as directed in the Rubric. The ring I return to the bridegroom +to place upon the bride's finger; the fee (or offering) I deposit in the +offertory basin, held for that purpose by the clerk, and on going to the +chancel (the marriage taking place in the body of the church) lay it on the +altar. Note.--In the parish in which I first ministered, the marriages had +always been commenced in the body of the church, as directed; in the second +parish in which I ministered, that custom had only been broken by the +present incumbent a few years since. + +A RECTOR. + +I have seen the Rubric carried out in this particular, in St. Mary's +Church, Kidderminster. + +CUTHBERT BEDE, B.A. + +_Hoby, Family of_ (Vol. viii., p. 243.).--In answer to MR. J. B. WHITBORNE, +I beg to state that the Rev. Sir Philip Hoby, Baronet, was in the early +part of the last century chancellor of the archdiocese of Dublin. He was an +intimate friend of Archbishop Cobbe, and there is a picture of him in +canonicals at Newbridge, co. Dublin. + +T. C. + +_Cambridge Graduates_ (Vol. viii., p. 365.).--Your correspondent will find +a list of B.A.'s of Cambridge University from the years 1500 to 1717 in +Add. MS. 5885., British Museum. + +GLAIUS. + +{526} + +_"I own I like not," &c._ (Vol. viii., p. 366.).--The lines-- + + "I own like not Johnson's turgid style," &c. + +are by Peter Pindar, whose works I have not, and so cannot give an exact +reference. The extract containing them will be found in Chambers' +_Cyclopaedia of English Literature_, vol. ii. p. 298. + +P. J. F. GANTILLON, B.A. + +_"Topsy Turvy"_ (Vol. viii., p. 385.).--This is ludicrously derived, in +_Roland Cashel_, p. 104., from _top side t'other way_. + +P. J. F. GANTILLON, B.A. + +_"When the Maggot bites"_ (Vol. viii., pp. 244. 304. 353.).--Another +illustration of this phrase may be found in Swift (Introduction to _Tale of +a Tub_): + + "The two principal qualifications (says he) of a fanatic preacher are, + his inward light, and his head full of _maggots_; and the two different + fates of his writings are to be burnt or worm-eaten." + +The word _maggot_ is sometimes used for the whim or crotchet itself; thus +Butler: + + "To reconcile our late dissenters, + Our brethren though by different venters; + Unite them and their different _maggots_, + As long and short sticks are in faggots."--_Hudibras_, part III. canto 2. + +So also it is used by Samuel Wesley (father of the founder of the +Methodists) in his rare and facetious volume entitled _Maggots, or Poems on +several Subjects never before handled_, 12mo., 1685. + +WILLIAM BATES. + +Birmingham. + +_"Salus populi," &c._ (Vol. viii., p. 410.).--The saying "Salus populi +supreme lex" is borrowed from the model law of Cicero, in his treatise _de +Legibus_, III. 3. It is made one of the duties of the consuls, the supreme +magistrates, to regard the safety of the state as their highest rule of +conduct: + + "Regio imperio duo sunto; iique praeeundo, judicando, consulendo + Praetores, Judices, Consules appellantor. Militiae summum jus habento, + nemini parento: _ollis salus populi suprema lex esto_." + +The allusion appears to be to the formula used by the senate for conferring +supreme power on the consuls in cases of emergency: "Dare operam, ne quid +respublica detrimenti caperet." (See Sallust, _Bell. Cat._ c. 29.) + +L. + +Aristotle regards the safety of the citizens as the great end of law (see +his _Ethics_, b. I. ch. 4.); and Cicero (_de Finibus_, lib. ii. c. 5.) lays +down a similar principle. + +B. H. C. + +_Theodoro Paleologus_ (Vol. viii., p. 408.).--The inscription referred to +was printed in _Archaeologia_, vol. xviii., and with some account of the +Paleologi to which a Querist was referred in "N. & Q.," Vol. v., p. 280. +(see also pp. 173. 357.). It is astonishing how much will be found in that +"Californian mine," if the most excellent indices of the several volumes +are only consulted. Your correspondent could in the present case have +pointed out the errors of the inscription already in print had the indices +to "N. & Q." attracted him. + +J. + +_Worm in Books_ (Vol. viii., p. 412).--In reply to ALETHES I beg to +acquaint him that I have tried various means for destroying the worm in old +books and MSS., and the most effectual has been the chips of Russia +leather; indeed, in but one instance have I known them fail. + +NEWBURIENSIS. + +_The Porter Family_ (Vol. viii., p. 364.).--1. The reason of the word +_Agincourt_ being placed above the inscription in Bristol Cathedral is, +that the Porter family were descendants of Sir William Porter who fought at +Agincourt. + +2. Charles Lempriere Porter was the son of Dr. Porter. + +3. This family was descended from Endymion Porter of classic and loyal +memory.[3] + +J. R. W. + +Bristol. + +[Footnote 3: [The biographical notices of Endymion Porter are extremely +scanty. Can our correspondent furnish any particulars respecting +him?--ED.]] + +_Buckle_ (Vol. viii., p. 304.).--This word is in common use by the artizans +who work upon sheet-iron, to denote the curl which a sheet of iron acquires +in passing through a pair of rollers. The word has been derived from the +French _boucle_, a curl. The shoe-buckle has got its name from its curved +form. In the days in which every man in this country, who was in easy +circumstances, wore a wig, it was well known that to put a wig in _buckle_, +meant to arrange its curls in due form. + + "When Hopkins dies, a thousand lights attend + The wretch, who living sav'd a candle's end: + Should'ring God's altar a vile image stands, + Belies his features, nay, extends his hands; + That live-long wig which Gorgon's self might own, + Eternal _buckle_ takes in Parian stone."--Pope, _Moral Essays_, Epistle + III. + +N. W. S. + +_The "Forlorn Hope"_ (Vol. viii., p. 411.).--This is no quotation; but the +expression arose in the army from its leader or captain, who, being often a +disappointed man, or one indifferent to consequences, now ran the "forlorn +hope" either of ending his days or obtaining a tomb in Westminster Abbey. +From the captain, after a time, the term descended to all the little +gallant band. In no part of our community will you find such {527} meaning +expressions (often very slang ones) used as in the army. A lady, without +hearing anything to shock "ears polite," might listen to the talk of a mess +table, and be unable to understand clearly in what the conversation +consisted. "He is gone to the bad"--meaning, he is ruined. "A wigging from +the office" (a very favourite expression)--a reprimand from the colonel. +"Wigging" naturally arising from tearing the hair in anger or sorrow, and +the office of course substituting the place from whence it comes for the +person who sent it. Besides may others, _quae nunc_, &c. + +A DRAGOON. + +_Nightingale and Thorn_ (Vol. iv., p. 175., &c.).-- + + "If I had but a pottle of sack, like a sharp prickle, + To knock my nose against when I am nodding, + I should sing like a nightingale."--Fletcher, _The Lover's Progress_, Act + III. Sc. 2. + +W. J. BERNHARD SMITH. + +Temple. + +_Burial in Unconsecrated Ground_ (Vol. vi., p. 448.; Vol. viii., p. +43.).--The following curious entry occurs in the parish register of +Pimperne, Dorset: + + "Anno 1627. Vicesimo quinto Octobris. + + "Peregrinus quidam tempore pestes in communi campo mortuus eodem loco + quo inventus sepultus." + +There was a pestilence in England in 1625. In 1628 sixteen thousand persons +died of the plague at Lyons. + +W. E. + +I do not know whether the case recorded in _London Labour and the London +Poor_, vol. i. p. 411.--by the way, is that work ever to be completed, and +how far has it gone?--of a man buried at the top of a house at Foot's Cray, +in Kent, has been noticed by any correspondent. + +P. J. F. GANTILLON, B.A. + +_Sangaree_ (Vol. iii., p. 141.).--I take it that the word ought to be +spelled _sansgris_, being derived from the French words _sans_, without, +and _gris_, tipsy, meaning a beverage that would not make tipsy. I have +been a good deal in the French island of Martinique, and they use the term +frequently in this sense as applied to a beverage made of white wine ("Vin +de Grave"), syrup, water, and nutmeg with a small piece of fresh lime-skin +hanging over the edge of the glass. A native of Martinique gave me this as +the derivation of the word. The beverage ought not to be stirred after the +nutmeg is put in it, as the fastidious say it would spoil the flavour. + +T. B. + +_Point of Etiquette_ (Vol. viii., p. 386.).--The title _Miss_, without the +Christian name, belongs to the eldest unmarried daughter of the +representative of the family only. If he have lost his own children, his +brother is _heir presumptive_ merely to the family honours; and can neither +assume nor give to his daughter the titles to which they are only +expectants. The matter becomes evident, if you test the rule by a peerage +instead of a squirage. Even the eldest daughter of a baronet or landed +gentleman loses her title of Miss, when her brother succeeds to the +representation, provided he have a daughter to claim the title. + +P. P. + +_Etymology of "Monk" and "Till," &c._ (Vol. viii., pp. 291. 409.).--Will +you allow me one word on these two cases? _Monk_ is manifestly a Greek +formative from [Greek: monos], and denotes a _solitaire_. + +The proposed derivation of _till_, from _to-while_, is not new; but still +clearly mistaken, inasmuch as the word _till_ is found in Scotch, Swedish, +Norwegian, Danish, and others of the family. A word thus compounded would +be of less general use. Besides which, _to-while_ would scarcely produce +such a form as _till_; it would rather change the _t_ into an aspirate, +which would appear as _th_. + +B. H. C. + +_Forrell_ (Vol. vii., p. 630.).--Your correspondent T. HUGHES derives this +word (applied in Devonshire, as he tells us, to the cover of book) from +_forrell_, "a term still used by the trade to signify an inferior kind of +vellum." Is it not more natural to suppose it to be the same word which the +French have made _fourreau_, a cover or sheath? (See Du Cange, vv. +_Forellus, Forrellus_.) + +J. H. T. + +Dublin. + +_Parochial Libraries_ (Vol. vii., p. 507.; Vol. viii. _passim_).--There is +a library at Wimborne Minster, in the Collegiate Church, which, on my visit +two years since, appeared to contain some valuable volumes, and was +neglected and in very bad condition. + +[theta]. + + * * * * * + + +Miscellaneous. + +NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC. + +Dr. Lardner has just published the third and concluding course of his +_Handbook of Natural Philosophy and Astronomy_. The subjects treated of in +the present volume are _Meteorology and Astronomy_, and they are +illustrated with thirty-seven lithographic plates, and upwards of two +hundred engravings on wood. The work was undertaken with the very popular +object of supplying the means of acquiring a competent knowledge of the +methods and results of the physical sciences, without any unusual +acquaintance with mathematics; and in the methods of demonstration and +illustration of this series of treatises, that principle has as far as +possible, been adopted so that by means of the present volumes, persons who +have not even a superficial knowledge of geometry and algebra may yet +acquire with great facility a considerable acquaintance with the sciences +of which they treat. The present volume contains a very elaborate index, +which, {528} combined with the analytical tables of contents, give to the +entire series all the usefulness of a compendious encyclopaedia of natural +philosophy and astronomy. + +_Willich's Income Tax Tables, Fourth Edition, 1853-1860_, price _One +Florin_, show at one view the amount of duty at the various rates fixed by +the late act, and are accompanied by a variety of statistical information, +tending to show that the wealth of the nation has increased in as great, if +not a greater, ratio, than the population. The price at which the work is +issued serves to lead our attention to a little pamphlet, published at +sixpence, or 25 _mils_, by Mr. Robert Mears, entitled _Decimal Coinage +Tables for simplifying and facilitating the Introduction of the proposed +new Coinage_. + +_The Ecclesiastical History of England and Normandy by Ordericus Vitalis, +translated with Notes, and the Introduction of Guizot_, by Thomas +Forrester, M.A. Vol. I., is a new volume of the interesting Series of +Translations of the early _Church Historians of England_ publishing by Mr. +Bohn, to which we propose calling the especial attention of our readers at +some future period. The importance which our French neighbours attach to +the writings of Ordericus Vitalis is shown by the fact that the French +Historical Society, after publishing a translation, are now issuing an +edition of the original text, from a laborious collation of the best MSS., +under the editorship of M. Auguste le Prevost. The present translation is +based upon that edition. + +We have on several occasions called the attention of our readers to the +Collection of Proclamations in the possession of the Society of +Antiquaries, and to the endeavours making by that learned body to secure as +complete a series as possible of these valuable but hitherto little used +materials for English History. Some contributions towards this object have, +we believe, been the results of our notices; and we have now to state, that +at the opening meeting on Thursday the 17th, it was announced that William +Salt, Esq., F.S.A., had presented to the library two volumes of +Proclamations of the reigns of Elizabeth and James I. Great as is the +pecuniary value of this munificent donation, it is far exceeded by its +importance in filling up a large gap in the existing Series. A _Catalogue +Raisonnee_ of the whole collection is in preparation by Robert Lemon, Esq., +of the State Paper Office, a gentleman well qualified for the task, and its +early publication may, we trust, be received as an evidence of the +beneficial influence which the Society of Antiquaries is hereafter destined +to exercise on the historical literature of England. + + * * * * * + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +WHITTINGHAM'S POETS. Illustrated Edition. + +FORD'S HANDBOOK OF SPAIN. 1st Edition. + +*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be +sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES." 186. Fleet Street. + +Particulars of Price, &c. of the following Books to be sent direct to the +gentlemen by whom they are required, and whose names and addresses are +given for that purpose: + +THE HIVE. 3 Vols. London, 1724. + +THE FRIENDS. 2 Vols. London, 1773. + +LONDON MAGAZINE. 1732 to 1779. + + Wanted by _J. 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Soho Square. + + * * * * * + + +XYLO-IODIDE OF SILVER, exclusively used at all the Photographic +Establishments.--The superiority of this preparation is now universally +acknowledged. Testimonials from the best Photographers and principal +scientific men of the day, warrant the assertion, that hitherto no +preparation has been discovered which produces uniformly such perfect +pictures, combined with the greatest rapidity of action. In all cases where +a quantity is required, the two solutions may be had at Wholesale price in +separate Bottles, in which state it may be kept for years, and Exported to +any Climate. Full instructions for use. + +CAUTION.--Each Bottle is Stamped with a Red Label bearing my name, RICHARD +W. THOMAS, Chemist, 10. Pall Mall, to counterfeit which is felony. + +CYANOGEN SOAP: for removing all kinds of Photographic Stains. 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DEIGHTON. + +Also, by the same author, price 1s., + +REMARKS on some of Sir William Hamilton's Notes on the Works of Dr. Thomas +Reid. + + "Nothing in my opinion can be more cogent than your refutation of M. + Jobert."--_Sir W. Hamilton._ + +London: JOHN W. PARKER, West Strand. Cambridge: E. JOHNSON. Birmingham: H. +C. LANGBRIDGE. + + * * * * * + + +VIEWS IN LONDON. + +STEREOSCOPES AND STEREOSCOPIC PICTURES. + +BLAND & LONG, 153. FLEET STREET. OPTICIANS and PHILOSOPHICAL INSTRUMENT +MAKERS, invite attention to their Stock of STEREOSCOPES of all Kinds, and +in various Materials: also, to their New and Extensive Assortment of +STEREOSCOPIC PICTURES for the same, in DAGUERREOTYPE, on PAPER, and +TRANSPARENT ALBUMEN PICTURES on GLASS, including Views of London, Paris, +the Rhine, Windsor, &c. These Pictures, for minuteness of Detail and Truth +in the Representation of Natural Objects, are unrivalled. + + BLAND & LONG, Opticians, 153. Fleet + Street, London. + +*** "Familiar Explanation of the Phenomena" sent on Application. + + * * * * * + + +DAGUERREOTYPE MATERIALS.--Plates, Cases, Passepartoutes. Best and Cheapest. +To be had in great variety at + +McMILLAN'S Wholesale Depot, 132. Fleet Street. + +Price List Gratis. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS.--OTTEWILL'S REGISTERED DOUBLE-BODIED FOLDING CAMERA, +is superior to every other form of Camera, for the Photographic Tourist, +from its capability of Elongation or Contraction to any Focal Adjustment, +its Portability, and its adaptation for taking either Views or +Portraits.--The Trade supplied. + +Every Description of Camera, or Slides, Tripod Stands, Printing Frames, +&c., may be obtained at his MANUFACTORY, Charlotte Terrace, Barnsbury Road, +Islington. + +New Inventions, Models, &c., made to order or from Drawings. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION.--An EXHIBITION of PICTURES, by the most +celebrated French, Italian, and English Photographers, embracing Views of +the principal Countries and Cities of Europe, is now OPEN. Admission 6d. A +Portrait taken by MR. TALBOT'S Patent Process, One Guinea; Three extra +Copies for 10s. + + PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION, + 168. NEW BOND STREET. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHY.--HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining Instantaneous +Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, according to light. + +Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the choicest +Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their Establishment. + +Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used in this +beautiful Art.--123. and 131. Newgate Street. + + * * * * * + + +AMUSEMENT FOR LONG EVENINGS, by means of STATHAM'S Chemical Cabinets and +Portable Laboratories, 5s. 6d., 7s. 6d., 10s. 6d., 21s., 31s. 6d., 42s., +63s., and upwards. Book of Experiments, 6d. "Illustrated Descriptive +Catalogue" forwarded Free for Stamp. + +WILLIAM E. STATHAM, Operative Chemist, 29c. Rotherfield Street, Islington, +London, and of Chemists and Opticians everywhere. + + * * * * * + + +RETROSPECTIVE REVIEW (New Series), consisting of Criticisms upon, Analyses +of, and Extracts from, Curious Useful and Valuable Old Books. Vol. I. Pp. +436. Cloth, 10s. 6d. Part V., price 2s. 6d., published Quarterly, is now +ready. + +JOHN RUSSELL SMITH, 36. Soho Square. + + * * * * * + + +BOHN'S BRITISH CLASSICS.--Under the above Title is this Day commenced a New +Series (which has long been in preparation), uniform in Size and Price with +the Standard Library. It will comprise full and complete Editions of the +great Authors of our Literature, including especially those which at +present exist only in scarce or expensive Editions. Among the early Volumes +will be GIBBON'S DECLINE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE, with VARIORUM NOTES, +comprising not only all those given in the Original Quarto Edition, but +also the Notes of Guizot, Wenck, and other Foreign Editors, as well as +whatever has been derived from the later Researches of Niebuhr, Layard, &c. +A Portrait of the Author and Plates, whenever essential as Illustrations, +will be added, on the same plan as the recent Edition of SOUTHEY'S COWPER +published in the STANDARD LIBRARY. + +Although it is deemed expedient to enter on a New Series under the Title of +BRITISH CLASSICS, to enable the Publisher, without farther delay, to +fructify a long cherished scheme, the Standard, Scientific, Antiquarian, +Illustrated, Classical, Philological, and Ecclesiastical Libraries will be +continued with undiminished attention. + + HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, Covent Garden. + + * * * * * + + +BOHN'S BRITISH CLASSICS FOR DECEMBER. + +GIBBON'S ROMAN EMPIRE, with Variorum Notes, including, in addition to the +Author's own, those of Guizot, Wenck, and other foreign scholars. Edited by +an ENGLISH CHURCHMAN. In Six Volumes. Vol. I. Price 3s. 6d. + + HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, Covent Garden. + + * * * * * + + +BOHN'S STANDARD LIBRARY FOR DECEMBER. + +DANUBIAN PROVINCES.--RANKE'S HISTORY OF SERVIA, and the SERVIAN REVOLUTION. +With an Account of the INSURRECTION in BOSNIA. Translated by MRS. KERR. To +which is added, THE SLAVE PROVINCES OF TURKEY, from the French of CYPRIEN +ROBERT, and other recent sources. Post 8vo., cloth. 3s. 6d. + + HENRY G. BOHN, 4. 5, & 6. York Street, Covent Garden. + + * * * * * + + +BOHN'S CLASSICAL LIBRARY FOR DECEMBER. + +JUSTIN, CORNELIUS NEPOS, and EUTROPIUS. Literally translated, with Notes +and a General Index to the three authors. By the Rev. J. S. WATSON, M.A. +Post 8vo. cloth. 5s. + + HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, Covent Garden. + + * * * * * + + +BOHN'S ILLUSTRATED LIBRARY FOR DECEMBER. + +PICTORIAL HANDBOOK OF LONDON, comprising its Antiquities, Architecture, +Arts, Manufacture, Trade, Social, Literary, and Scientific Institutions, +Exhibitions, and Galleries of Art; together with some Account of the +principal Suburbs and most attractive Localities. Illustrated with 205 +Engravings on Wood, by Branston, Jewitt, and others; and a very large and +complete Map, engraved by Lowry. Post 8vo. cloth. 5s. + +This volume, of which the former editions were published by Mr. Weale at +9s., contains above 900 pages, and is undoubtedly the cheapest five +shilling volume ever produced. + + HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, Covent Garden. + + * * * * * + + +{530} + +PHOTOGRAPHIC APPARATUS, MATERIALS, and PURE CHEMICAL PREPARATIONS. + +KNIGHT & SONS' Illustrated Catalogue, containing Description and Price of +the best forms of Cameras and other Apparatus. Voightlander and Son's +Lenses for Portraits and Views, together with the various Materials, and +pure Chemical Preparations required in practising the Photographic Art. +Forwarded free on receipt of Six Postage Stamps. + +Instructions given in every branch of the Art. + +An extensive Collection of Stereoscopic and other Photographic Specimens. + + GEORGE KNIGHT & SONS, Foster Lane, London. + + * * * * * + + +IMPROVEMENT IN COLLODION.--J. B. HOCKIN & CO., Chemists, 289. Strand, have, +by an improved mode of Iodizing, succeeded in producing a Collodion equal, +they may say superior, in sensitiveness and density of Negative, to any +other hitherto published; without diminishing the keeping properties and +appreciation of half tint for which their manufacture has been esteemed. + +Apparatus, pure Chemicals, and all the requirements for the practice of +Photography. Instruction in the Art. + + * * * * * + + +ALLEN'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, containing Size, Price, and Description of +upwards of 100 articles, consisting of + +PORTMANTEAUS, TRAVELLING-BAGS, Ladies' Portmanteaus, DESPATCH-BOXES, +WRITING-DESKS, DRESSING-CASES, and other travelling requisites, Gratis on +application, or sent free by Post on receipt of Two Stamps. + +MESSRS. ALLEN'S registered Despatch-box and Writing-desk, their +Travelling-bag with the opening as large as the bag, and the new +Portmanteau containing four compartments, are undoubtedly the best articles +of the kind ever produced. + +J. W. & T. ALLEN, 18. & 22. West Strand. + + * * * * * + + +W. H. HART, RECORD AGENT and LEGAL ANTIQUARIAN (who is in the possession of +Indices to many of the early Public Records whereby his Inquiries are +greatly facilitated) begs to inform Authors and Gentlemen engaged in +Antiquarian or Literary Pursuits, that he is prepared to undertake searches +among the Public Records, MSS. in the British Museum, Ancient Wills, or +other Depositories of a similar Nature, in any Branch of Literature, +History, Topography, Genealogy, or the like, and in which he has had +considerable experience. + +1. ALBERT TERRACE, NEW CROSS, HATCHAM, SURREY. + + * * * * * + + +BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION, No. 1, Class X., +in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all Climates, +may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold London-made +Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 4 +guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, 10, and 8 guineas. +Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior Lever, with +Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's Pocket +Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch skilfully +examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, 2l., 3l., and +4l. Thermometers from 1s. each. + +BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, the +Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen, + +65. CHEAPSIDE. + + * * * * * + + +INDIGESTION, CONSTIPATION, NERVOUSNESS, &c.--BARRY, DU BARRY & CO.'S +HEALTH-RESTORING FOOD for INVALIDS and INFANTS. + + * * * * * + +THE REVALENTA ARABICA FOOD, the only natural, pleasant, and effectual +remedy (without medicine, purging, inconvenience, or expense, as it saves +fifty times its cost in other remedies) for nervous, stomachic, intestinal, +liver and bilious complaints, however deeply rooted, dyspepsia +(indigestion), habitual constipation, diarrhoea, acidity, heartburn, +flatulency, oppression, distension, palpitation, eruption of the skin, +rheumatism, gout, dropsy, sickness at the stomach during pregnancy, at sea, +and under all other circumstances, debility in the aged as well as infants, +fits, spasms, cramps, paralysis, &c. + +_A few out of 50,000 Cures:--_ + + Cure, No. 71, of dyspepsia; from the Right Hon. the Lord Stuart de + Decies:--"I have derived considerable benefits from your Revalenta + Arabica Food, and consider it due to yourselves and the public to + authorise the publication of these lines.--STUART DE DECIES." + + Cure, No. 49,832:--"Fifty years' indescribable agony from dyspepsia, + nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, sickness + at the stomach, and vomitings have been removed by Du Barry's excellent + food.--MARIA JOLLY, Wortham Ling, near Diss, Norfolk." + + Cure, No. 180:--"Twenty-five years' nervousness, constipation, + indigestion, and debility, from which I had suffered great misery, and + which no medicine could remove or relieve, have been effectually cured + by Du Barry's food in a very short time.--W. R. REEVES, Pool Anthony, + Tiverton." + + Cure, No. 4,208:--"Eight years' dyspepsia, nervousness, debility, with + cramps, spasms, and nausea, for which my servant had consulted the + advice of many, have been effectually removed by Du Barry's delicious + food in a very short time. I shall be happy to answer any + inquiries.--REV. JOHN W. FLAVELL, Ridlington Rectory, Norfolk." + +_Dr. Wurzer's Testimonial._ + + "Bonn, July 19. 1852. + + "This light and pleasant Farina is one of the most excellent, + nourishing, and restorative remedies, and supersedes, in many cases, + all kinds of medicines. It is particularly useful in confined habit of + body, as also diarrhoea, bowel complaints, affections of the kidneys + and bladder, such as stone or gravel; inflammatory irritation and cramp + of the urethra, cramp of the kidneys and bladder, strictures, and + hemorrhoids. This really invaluable remedy is employed with the most + satisfactory result, not only in bronchial and pulmonary complaints, + where irritation and pain are to be removed, but also in pulmonary and + bronchial consumption, in which it counteracts effectually the + troublesome cough; and I am enabled with perfect truth to express the + conviction that Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica is adapted to the cure of + incipient hectic complaints and consumption. + + "DR. RUD WURZER. + "Counsel of Medicine, and practical M.D. in Bonn." + +London Agents:--Fortnum, Mason & Co., 182. Piccadilly, purveyors to Her +Majesty the Queen; Hedges & Butler, 155. Regent Street; and through all +respectable grocers, chemists, and medicine venders. In canisters, suitably +packed for all climates, and with full instructions, 1lb. 2s. 9d.; 2lb. 4s. +6d.; 5lb. 11s.; 12lb. 22s.; super-refined, 5lb. 22s.; 10lb. 33s. The 10lb. +and 12lb. carriage free, on receipt of Post-office order.--Barry, Du Barry +Co., 77. Regent Street, London. + +IMPORTANT CAUTION.--Many invalids having been seriously injured by spurious +imitations under closely similar names, such as Ervalenta, Arabaca, and +others, the public will do well to see that each canister bears the name +BARRY, DU BARRY & CO., 77. Regent Street, London, in full, _without which +none is genuine_. + + * * * * * + + +Solicitors' & General Life Assurance Society, + +52. CHANCERY LANE, LONDON. + +_Subscribed Capital, ONE MILLION._ + +THIS SOCIETY PRESENTS THE FOLLOWING ADVANTAGES: + +The Security of a Subscribed Capital of ONE MILLION. + +Exemption of the Assured from all Liability. + +Premiums affording particular advantages to Young Lives. + +Participating and Non-Participating Premiums. + +In the former EIGHTY PER CENT. or FOUR-FIFTHS of the Profits are divided +amongst the Assured Triennially, either by way of addition to the sum +assured, or in diminution of Premium, at their option. + +No deduction is made from the four-fifths of the profits for Interest on +Capital, for a Guarantee Fund, or on any other account. + +POLICIES FREE OF STAMP DUTY and INDISPUTABLE, except in case of fraud. + +At the General Meeting, on the 31st May last, A BONUS was declared of +nearly TWO PER CENT. per annum on the _amount assured_, or at the rate of +from THIRTY to upwards of SIXTY per cent. on the _Premiums paid_. + +POLICIES share in the Profits, even if ONE PREMIUM ONLY has been paid. + +Next DIVISION OF PROFITS in 1856. + +The Directors meet on Thursdays at 2 o'Clock. Assurances may be effected by +applying on any other day, between the hours of 10 and 4, at the Office of +the Society, where prospectuses and all other requisite information can be +obtained. + + CHARLES JOHN GILL, Secretary. + + * * * * * + + +WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY. + +3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON. + +Founded A.D. 1842. + + * * * * * + + _Directors._ + + H. E. Bicknell, Esq. + T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq., M. P. + G. H. Drew, Esq. + W. Evans, Esq. + W. Freeman, Esq. + F. Fuller, Esq. + J. H. Goodhart, Esq. + T. Grissell, Esq. + J. Hunt, Esq. + J. A. Lethbridge, Esq. + E. Lucas, Esq. + J. Lys Seager, Esq. + J. B. White, Esq. + J. Carter Wood, Esq. + + _Trustees._--W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq., T. Grissell, + Esq. + _Physician._--William Rich. Basham, M.D. + _Bankers._--Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross. + +VALUABLE PRIVILEGE. + +POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary +difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application to +suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed in +the Prospectus. + +Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in +three-fourths of the Profits:-- + + Age L s. d. + 17 1 14 4 + 22 1 18 8 + 27 2 4 5 + 32 2 10 8 + 37 2 18 6 + 42 3 8 2 + +ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary. + +Now ready, price 10s. 6d., Second Edition, with material additions. +INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE ON BENEFIT BUILDING +SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment, exemplified in +the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a +Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR +SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3. +Parliament Street, London. + + * * * * * + + +{531} + +On Thursday, the 5th of January, 1854, will be published, price Twopence, +the First of a Series of Works, entitled ORR'S CIRCLE OF THE SCIENCES; +consisting of Short Treatises on the Fundamental Principles and +Characteristic Features of Scientific and Practical Pursuits. With Numerous +Illustrative Engravings on Wood. + +MESSRS. W. S. ORR & CO. have to announce the Early Publication, in Weekly +Numbers, of a Series of Short Treatises, which will include every useful +and attractive section of human acquirement, whether scientific, practical, +or descriptive; and which will be issued at a price so moderate as to place +them within the reach of every member of the community. + +Although every subject will be treated in a philosophic spirit, yet it will +not be forgotten that the work is designed for popular use; and therefore +the Editor and the various Contributors will endeavour to clothe the whole +Series, and the Scientific Treatises especially, in simple language, so as +to render them easy introductions to practical studies. + +To carry the design into effect, assistance has been obtained from eminent +scientific men: and the Editor has the satisfaction of announcing among the +Contributors to the first year's volumes the names of Professor Owen, of +the Royal College of Surgeons; Sir William Jardine, Bart.; Professors +Ansted and Tennant, of King's College; the Rev. Walter Mitchell, of St. +Bartholomew's Hospital; and Professor Young, Examiner in Mathematics at the +University of London. Every confidence, therefore, may be placed in the +publication, as regards its soundness of principle, its extent of +information, and its accordance with the results of the latest researches +and discoveries. + +During the first year either three or four volumes will be completed. The +respective subjects will not be issued in consecutive weeks; but the paging +of each series will be continuous:--so that the whole, when collected at +the end of the year, will form separate Volumes, with Title-pages, +Prefaces, Tables of Contents, Indices--each Volume being a distinct work on +Natural Philosophy, on the Two Great Divisions of Natural History, and on +the Mathematical Sciences. + +The "Circle of the Sciences" will thus, by the aid of copious Analytical +Indices, combine all the advantages of an Encyclopaedia, as a work of +reference, without the irksome repetition which alphabetical arrangements +necessarily involve. + + * * * * * + +On the 1st of December an Introductory Treatise, + + "On the NATURE, CONNECTION, and USES of the GREAT DEPARTMENTS of HUMAN + KNOWLEDGE." + +Will be issued; but the Publication of the Work itself will not commence +until January, 1854. + +"Orr's Circle of Sciences" can be supplied by every Bookseller in the +Kingdom; of whom a detailed Prospectus, containing Specimen Page and List +of Subjects, may be had. + + London: W. S. ORR & CO., Amen Corner, Paternoster Row. + + * * * * * + + +Just published, sewed in Wrapper, price 1s. + +THE BRITISH ALMANAC FOR 1854. + +THE COMPANION TO THE ALMANAC. Sewed in Wrapper, price 2s. 6d. + +THE BRITISH ALMANAC AND THE COMPANION together, in cloth boards, lettered, +price 4s. + + CONTENTS OF COMPANION FOR 1854. + + PART I. + + 1. On a Decimal Coinage. + 2. Census of Great Britain, 1851. + 3. Baths and Wash-houses. + 4. Financial Improvement. + 5. New Customs Tariff. + 6. Ireland: in Prospects. + 7. Fluctuations of the Funds. + 8. Average Prices of Corn, &c. + + PART II. + + 9. Abstracts of Public Acts. + 10. Abstracts of Parliamentary Documents. + 11. Chronicle of the Session of Parliament. + 12. Private Bills of the Session of Parliament. + 13. Public Petitions, 1852-3. + 14. Public Improvements, with Woodcuts. + 15. Chronicle of Occurrences, 1852-3. + 16. Necrological Table of Literary Men, Artists, &c. + +London: CHARLES KNIGHT, 90. Fleet Street; + +And sold by all Booksellers in the United Kingdom. + + * * * * * + + +Now ready, the Second Edition, in 8vo., price 1s. 6d. + +GROUNDS for LAYING BEFORE the COUNCIL of KING'S COLLEGE, LONDON, certain +Statements contained in a recent Publication, entitled THEOLOGICAL ESSAYS, +by the REV. F. D. MAURICE, A.M., Professor of Divinity in King's College. +By R. W. JELF, D.D., Principal of the College. + + Oxford & London: JOHN HENRY PARKER. + London: RIVINGTONS, Waterloo Place. + + * * * * * + + +On the 15th of November was published, Part I. for Advent, price 1s., + +SECOND SERIES of SERMONS for the CHRISTIAN SEASONS. The First Series is now +complete, in Four Volumes, fcap. 8vo., price 16s., containing plain +practical Sermons for every Sunday and Holy-day throughout the year. + +Oxford & London: JOHN HENRY PARKER. + + * * * * * + + +This Day, 8vo., price 15s. + +THE INSTITUTES OF JUSTINIAN. A New Edition, with English Introduction, +Translation, and Notes. By THOMAS C. SANDARS, M.A., late Fellow of Oriel +College, Oxford. + + London: JOHN W. PARKER & SON, West Strand. + + * * * * * + + +LITERARY CURIOSITIES (SENT FREE BY POST).--Bartholomew Fair in Edward the +Second's Reign: Bartholomew Fair in Charles the First's Reign; and the +Dagonising of Bartholomew Fair in 1617. Three Rare and Curious Broadsides, +Price 3s. + +Three Proclamations against Stage Players, issued in the Reigns of Charles +the First and George the Second; and a Broadside of a Robbery of +Shakepearian Relics from Charlecote House. 1s. + +Gleanings from the Earliest and Rarest Newspapers, with a Facsimile of a +very Curious, Droll, and Interesting Newspaper of King Charles's Reign. 6d. + +*** Apply by Letter inclosing Payment in Postage Stamps to Mr. J. H. +FENNELL, 1 Warwick Court, Holborn, London. + + * * * * * + + +PUBLICATIONS OF THE OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS FOR 1853. + + * * * * * + +SIXTY SERMONS, preached upon several occasions. By GEORGE SMALLRIDGE, D.D., +some time Bishop of Bristol, and Dean of Christ Church, Oxford. A New +Edition. Two vols. 8vo., price 15s., in cloth. + +OBSERVATIONS ON OUR LORD'S CONDUCT as a DIVINE INSTRUCTOR, and on the +Excellence of his Moral Character. BY WILLIAM NEWCOME, D.D., late +Archbishop of Armagh. A New Edition. 8vo., price 8s., in cloth. + +THE TWO BOOKS OF COMMON PRAYER, set forth by Authority of Parliament in the +Reign of King Edward the Sixth. Compared with each other, and edited, by +EDWARD CARDWELL, D.D., Principle of St. Alban Hall. Third Edition. 8vo., +price 7s., in cloth. + +XENOPHONTIS HISTORIA GRAECA, ex recensione et cum Annotationibus LUDOVICI +DINDORFII. Edito Secunda, auctior et emendatior. 8vo., price 10s. 6d., in +cloth. + +A TREATISE on the DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS, and its applications to Algebra +and Geometry: founded on the Method of Infinitesimals. 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Fleet Street aforesaid.--Saturday, November +26, 1853. + + * * * * * + + +Corrections made to printed original. + +page 520, "Santa Maria Novella at Florence": 'Santa Marca Novella' in +original. + +page 521, "Templaria ... 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