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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Number 208, October 22, 1853 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: October 3, 2008 [EBook #26767] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES, QUERIES, OCTOBER 22, 1853 *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + + + + + +</pre> + +<table border="0" cellpadding="10" style="background-color: #ccccff;"> +<tr> +<td style="width:25%; vertical-align:top"> +Transcriber's note: +</td> +<td> +One typographical error has been corrected. It +appears in the text <span class="correction" title="explanation will pop up">like this</span>, and the +explanation will appear when the mouse pointer is moved over the marked +passage. +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p><!-- Page 381 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page381"></a>{381}</span></p> + +<h1>NOTES AND QUERIES:</h1> + +<h2>A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC.</h2> + +<h3><b>"When found, make a note of."</b>—<span class="sc">Captain Cuttle</span>.</h3> + +<hr class="full" /> + + +<table width="100%" class="nomar" summary="masthead" title="masthead"> + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left; width:25%"> + <p><b>No. 208.</b></p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:center; width:50%"> + <p><b><span class="sc">Saturday, October 22. 1853.</span></b></p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right; width:25%"> + <p><b>Price Fourpence.<br />Stamped Edition <i>5d.</i></b></p> + </td> + </tr> +</table> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>CONTENTS.</h2> + + +<table width="100%" class="nomar" summary="Contents" title="Contents"> + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left; width:94%"> + <p><span class="sc">Notes</span>:—</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right; width:5%"> + <p>Page</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>A Prophet</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page381">381</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Folk Lore</span>:—Folk Lore in + Cambridgeshire—New Brunswick Folk Lore—North + Lincolnshire Folk Lore—Portuguese Folk Lore</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page382">382</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Pope and Cowper, By J. Yeowell</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page383">383</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Shakspeare Correspondence, by Patrick Muirson, &c.</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page383">383</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Minor Notes</span>:—Judicial + Families—Derivation of "Topsy Turvy"—Dictionaries and + Encyclopædias—"Mary, weep no more for me"—Epitaph at + Wood Ditton—Pictorial Pun</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page384">384</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Queries</span>:—</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Sir Thomas Button's Voyage, 1612, by John Petheram</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page385">385</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Minor Queries</span>:—The Words "Cash" and + "Mob"—"History of Jesus Christ"—Quantity of the Latin + Termination -anus—Webb and Walker Families—Cawdrey's + "Treasure of Similes"—Point of Etiquette—Napoleon's + Spelling—Trench on Proverbs—Rings formerly worn by + Ecclesiastics—Butler's "Lives of the Saints"—Marriage + of Cousins—Castle Thorpe, Bucks—Where was Edward II. + killed?—Encore—Amcotts' Pedigree—Blue Bell: Blue + Anchor—"We've parted for the longest time"—Matthew + Lewis—Paradise Lost—Colonel Hyde Seymour—Vault at + Richmond, Yorkshire—Poems published at + Manchester—Handel's Dettingen Te Deum—Edmund Spenser + and Sir Hans Sloane, Bart.</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page386">386</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Minor Queries with Answers</span>:—The + Ligurian Sage—Gresebrok in Yorkshire—Stillingfleet's + Library—The whole System of Law—Saint Malachy on the + Popes—Work on the Human Figure</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page389">389</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Replies</span>:—</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>"Namby Pamby," and other Words of the same Form</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page390">390</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Earl of Oxford</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page392">392</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Picts' Houses</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page392">392</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Pronunciation of "Humble"</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page393">393</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>School Libraries</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page395">395</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Photographic + Correspondence</span>:—Albumenized Paper—Cement for Glass + Baths—New Process for Positive Proofs</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page395">395</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Replies to Minor Queries</span>:—The + Groaning Elmplank in Dublin—Passage in Whiston—"When + Orpheus went down"—Foreign Medical Education—"Short + red, good red"—Collar of SS.—Who first thought of + Table-turning—Passage of Thucydides on the Greek + Factions—Origin of "Clipper" as applied to + Vessels—Passage in Tennyson—Huet's Navigations of + Solomon—Sincere—The Saltpetre Man— Major + André—Longevity—Passage in Virgil—Love Charm from + a Foal's Forehead—Wardhouse, where was?—Divining + Rod—Waugh, Bishop of Carlisle—Pagoda</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page397">397</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Miscellaneous</span>:—</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Books and Odd Volumes wanted</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page401">401</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Notices to Correspondents</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page401">401</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Advertisements</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page402">402</a></p> + </td> + </tr> +</table> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Notes.</h2> + +<h3>A PROPHET.</h3> + + <p>What a curious book would be "Our Prophets and Enthusiasts!" The + literary and biographical records of the vaticinators, and the heated + spirits who, after working upon the fears of the timid, and exciting the + imaginations of the weak, have flitted into oblivion! As a specimen of + the odd characters such a work would embrace, allow me to introduce to + your readers Thomas Newans, a Shropshire farmer, who unhappily took it + into his head that his visit to the lower sphere was on a special + mission.</p> + + <p>Mr. Newans is the author of a book entitled <i>A Key to the Prophecies + of the Old and New Testament</i>; showing (among other impending events) + "The approaching Invasion of England;" "The Extirpation of Popery and + Mahometisme;" "The Restoration of the Jews," and "The Millennium." + London: printed for the Author (who attests the genuineness of my copy by + his signature), 1747.</p> + + <p>In this misfitted key he relates how, in a vision, he was invested + with the prophetic mantle:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"In the year 1723, in the night," says Mr. Newans, "I fell into a + dream, and seemed to be riding on the road into the county of Cheshire. + When I was got about eight miles from home, my horse made a stop on the + road; and it seemed a dark night, and on a sudden there shone a light + before me on the ground, which was as bright as when the sun shines at + noon-day. In the middle of that bright circle stood a child in white. It + spoke, and told me that I must go into Cheshire, and I should find a man + with uncommon marks upon his feet, which should be a warning to me to + believe; and that the year after I should have a cow that would calve a + calf with his heart growing out of his body in a wonderful manner, as a + token of what should come to pass; and that a terrible war would break + out in Europe, and in fourteen years after the token it would extend to + England."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>In compliance with his supernatural communication, our farmer + proceeded to Cheshire, where he found the man indicated; and, a year + after, his own farm stock was increased by the birth of a calf with his + heart growing out. And after taking his family, of seven, to witness to + the truth of <!-- Page 382 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page382"></a>{382}</span>what he describes, he adds with great + simplicity: "So then I rode to London to acquaint the ministers of state + of the approaching danger!"</p> + + <p>This story of the calf with the heart growing out, is not a bad type + of the worthy grazier himself, and his <i>hearty</i> and burning zeal for + the Protestant faith. Mr. Newans distinctly and repeatedly predicts that + these "two beastly religions," <i>i. e.</i> the Popish and Mahomedan, + will be totally extirpated within seven years! And "I have," says he, + "for almost twenty years past, travelled to London and back again into + the country, near fifty journies, and every journey was two hundred and + fifty miles, to acquaint the ministers of state and several of the + bishops, and other divines, with the certainty, danger, and manner of the + war" which was to bring this about. Commenting on the story of Balaam, + our prophet says: "And now the world is grown so full of sin and + wickedness, that if a dumb ass should speak with a man's voice, they + would scarce repent:" and I conclude that the said statesmen and divines + did not estimate these prophetic warnings much higher than the brayings + of that quadruped which they turned out to be. Mr. Newan professes to + gave penned these vaticinations in the year 1744, twenty-one years after + the date of his vision; so that he had ample time to mature them. What + would the farmer say were he favoured with a peep at our world in 1853, + with its Mussulman system unbroken; and its cardinal, archbishops, and + Popish bishops firmly established in the very heart of Protestant + England?</p> + + <p class="author">J. O.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>FOLK LORE.</h3> + + <p><i>Folk Lore in Cambridgeshire.</i>—About twenty years ago, at + Hildersham, there was a custom of ringing the church bell at five o'clock + in the leasing season. The cottagers then repaired to the fields to + glean; but none went out before the bell was rung. The bell tolled again + in the evening as a signal for all to return home. I would add a Query, + Is this custom continued; and is it to be met with in any other + place?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">F. M. Middleton.</span></p> + + <p><i>New Brunswick Folk Lore</i>:—<i>Common Notions respecting + Teeth.</i>—Among the lower orders and negroes, and also among young + children of respectable parents (who have probably derived the notion + from contact with the others as nurses or servants), it is here very + commonly held that when a tooth is drawn, if you refrain from thrusting + the tongue in the cavity, the second tooth will be golden. Does this idea + prevail in England?</p> + + <p><i>Superstition respecting Bridges.</i>—Many years ago my + grandfather had quite a household of blacks, some of whom were slaves and + some free. Being bred in his family, a large portion of my early days was + thus passed among them, and I have often reverted to the weird + superstitions with which they froze themselves and alarmed me. Most of + these had allusion to the devil: scarcely one of them that I now + recollect but referred to him. Among others they firmly held that when + the clock struck twelve at midnight, the devil and a select company of + his inferiors regularly came upon that part of the bridge called "the + draw," and danced a hornpipe there. So firmly did they hold to this + belief, that no threat nor persuasion could induce the stoutest-hearted + of them to cross the fatal draw after ten o'clock at night. This belief + is quite contrary to that which prevails in Scotland, according to which, + Robin Burns being my authority, "neither witches nor any evil spirits + have power to follow a poor wight any farther than the middle of the next + running stream."<a name="footnotetag1" + href="#footnote1"><sup>[1]</sup></a></p> + + <p class="author">C. D. D.</p> + + <p class="address">New Brunswick, New Jersey.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <a name="footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b><a + href="#footnotetag1">(return)</a> + <p></p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Now, do thy speedy utmost, Meg,</p> + <p>And win the key-stane of the brig:</p> + <p>There at them thou thy tail may toss,</p> + <p>A running stream they dare na crass."—<i>Tam O'Shanter.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + <p> </p> + +</div> + <p><i>North Lincolnshire Folk Lore.</i>—Here follow some shreds of + folk lore which I have not seen as yet in "N. & Q." They all belong + to North Lincolnshire.</p> + + <p>1. Death sign. If a swarm of bees alight on a dead tree, or on the + dead bough of a living tree, there will be a death in the family of the + owner during the year.</p> + + <p>2. If you do not throw salt into the fire before you begin to churn, + the butter will not come.</p> + + <p>3. If eggs are brought over running water they will have no chicks in + them.</p> + + <p>4. It is unlucky to bring eggs into the house after sunset.</p> + + <p>5. If you wear a snake's skin round your head you will never have the + headache.</p> + + <p>6. Persons called Agnes always go mad.</p> + + <p>7. A person who is born on Christmas Day will be able to see + spirits.</p> + + <p>8. Never burn egg-shells; if you do, the hens cease to lay.</p> + + <p>9. If a pigeon is seen sitting in a tree, or comes into the house, or + from being wild suddenly becomes tame, it is a sign of death.</p> + + <p>10. When you see a magpie you should cross yourself; if you do not you + will be unlucky.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Edward Peacock.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Bottesford Moors.</p> + + <p><i>Portuguese Folk Lore.</i>—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"The borderer whispered in my ear that he was one of the dreadful + Lobishomens, a devoted race, held in mingled horror and commiseration, + and never mentioned <!-- Page 383 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page383"></a>{383}</span>without by the Portuguese peasantry. They + believe that if a woman be delivered of seven male infants successively, + the seventh, by an inexplicable fatality, becomes subject to the powers + of darkness; and is compelled, on every Saturday evening, to assume the + likeness of an ass. So changed, and followed by a horrid train of dogs, + he is forced to run an impious race over the moors and through the + villages; nor is allowed an interval of rest until the dawning Sabbath + terminates his sufferings, and restores him to his human + shape."—From Lord Carnarvon's <i>Portugal and Gallicia</i>, vol. + ii. p. 268.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author">E. H. A.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>POPE AND COWPER.</h3> + + <p>In Cowper's letter to Lady Hesketh, dated January 18, 1787, occurs a + notice for the first time of Mr. Samuel Rose, with whom Cowper + subsequently corresponded. He informs Lady Hesketh that—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"A young gentleman called here yesterday, who came six miles out of + his way to see me. He was on a journey to London from Glasgow, having + just left the University there. He came, I suppose, partly to satisfy his + own curiosity, but chiefly, as it seemed, to bring me the thanks of some + of the Scotch professors for my two volumes. His name is Rose, an + Englishman."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Prefixed to a copy of Hayley's <i>Life and Letters of William Cowper, + Esq.</i>, in the British Museum, is an extract in MS. of a letter from + the late Samuel Rose, Esq., to his favourite sister, Miss Harriet Rose, + written in the year before his marriage, at the age of twenty-two, and + which, I believe, has never been printed. It may, perhaps, merit a corner + of "N. & Q."</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p class="author">"Weston Lodge, Sept. 9, 1789.</p> + + <p>"Last week Mr. Cowper finished the <i>Odyssey</i>, and we drank an + unreluctant bumper to its success. The labour of translation is now at an + end, and the less arduous work of revision remains to be done, and then + we shall see it published. I promise both you and myself much pleasure + from its perusal. You will most probably find it at first less pleasing + than Pope's versification, owing to the difference subsisting between + blank verse and rhyme—a difference which is not sufficiently + attended to, and whereby people are led into injudicious comparisons. You + will find Mr. Pope more refined: Mr. Cowper more simple, grand, and + majestic; and, indeed, insomuch as Mr. Pope is more refined than Mr. + Cowper, he is more refined than his original, and in the same proportion + departs from Homer himself. Pope's must universally be allowed to be a + beautiful poem: Mr. Cowper's will be found a striking and a faithful + portrait, and a pleasing picture to those who enjoy his style of + colouring, which I am apprehensive is not so generally acceptable as the + other master's. Pope possesses the gentle and amiable graces of a Guido: + Cowper is endowed with the bold sublime genius of a Raphael. After having + said so much upon their comparative merits, enough, I hope, to refute + your second assertion which was, that women, in the opinion of men, have + little to do with literature. I may inform you, that the <i>Iliad</i> is + to be dedicated to Earl Cowper, and the <i>Odyssey</i> to the Dowager + Lady Spencer but this information need not be extensively + circulated."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. Yeowell.</span></p> + + <p class="address">50. Burton Street.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>SHAKSPEARE CORRESPONDENCE.</h3> + + <p><i>"As You Like It."</i>—Believing that whatever illustrates, + even to a trifling extent, the great dramatic poet of England will + interest the readers of "N. & Q.," I solicit their attention to the + resemblance between the two following passages:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i8hg3">"All the world's a stage,</p> + <p>And all the men and women merely players."</p> + </div> + </div> + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Si rectè aspicias, <i>vita hæc est fabula quædam</i>.</p> + <p><i>Scena autem, mundus versatilis</i>: <i>histrio et actor</i></p> + <p><i>Quilibet est hominum—mortales nam propriè cuncti</i></p> + <p><i>Sunt personati</i>, et falsâ sub imagine, vulgi</p> + <p>Præstringunt oculos: <i>ita Diis, risumque jocumque</i>,</p> + <p><i>Stultitiis, nugisque suis per sæcula præbent</i>.</p> + <p> . . . . . . . .</p> + <p class="hg3">"Jam mala quæ humanum patitur genus, adnumerabo.</p> + <p><i>Principiò</i> postquam è latebris malè olentibus alvi</p> + <p>Eductus tandem est, materno sanguine fœdus,</p> + <p><i>Vagit, et auspicio lacrymarum nascitur infans</i>.</p> + <p> . . . . . . . .</p> + <p class="hg3">"Vix natus jam vincla subit, tenerosque coërcet</p> + <p>Fascia longa artus: præsagia dire futuri</p> + <p>Servitii.</p> + <p> . . . . . . . .</p> + <p class="hg3">"Post ubi jam valido se poplite sustinet, et jam</p> + <p>Ritè loqui didicit, tunc servire incipit, atque</p> + <p>Jussa pati, <i>sentitque minas ictusque magistri</i>,</p> + <p>Sæpe patris matrisque manu fratrisque frequenter</p> + <p>Pulsatur: facient quid vitricus atque noverca?</p> + <p><i>Fit juvenis, crescunt vires</i>: jam spernit habenas,</p> + <p>Occluditque aures monitis, furere incipit, ardens</p> + <p>Luxuriâ atque irâ: et temerarius omnia nullo</p> + <p>Consilio aggreditur, dictis melioribus obstat,</p> + <p>Deteriora fovens: <i>non ulla pericula curat</i>,</p> + <p>Dummodo id efficiat, suadet quod cœca libido.</p> + <p> . . . . . . . .</p> + <p class="hg3">"<i>Succedit gravior, melior, prudentior ætas</i>,</p> + <p>Cumque ipsâ curæ adveniunt, durique labores;</p> + <p>Tune homo mille modis, studioque enititur omni</p> + <p>Rem facere, et nunquam sibi multa negotia desunt.</p> + <p>Nunc peregrè it, nunc ille domi, nunc rure laborat,</p> + <p>Ut sese, uxorem, natos, famulosque gubernet,</p> + <p>Ac servet, solus pro cunctis sollicitus, nec</p> + <p>Jucundis fruitur dapibus, nec nocte quietâ.</p> + <p>Ambitio hunc etiam impellens, <i>ad publica mittit</i></p> + <p><i>Munia</i>: dumque inhiat vano malè sanus honori,</p> + <p>Invidiæ atque odii patitur mala plurima: deinceps</p> + <p><i>Obrepit canis rugosa senecta capillis</i>,</p> + <p>Secum multa trahens incommoda corporis atque</p> + <p>Mentis: nam <i>vires abeunt, speciesque colorque</i>,</p> + <p>Nec non <i>deficiunt sensus</i>: <i>audire, videre</i></p> +<!-- Page 384 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page384"></a>{384}</span> + <p><i>Languescunt, gustusque minor fit</i>: denique semper</p> + <p>Aut hoc, aut illo morbo vexantur—<i>inermi</i></p> + <p><i>Manduntur vix ore cibi</i>, <i>vix crura bacillo</i></p> + <p><i>Sustentata meant</i>: animus quoque vulnera sentit.</p> + <p><i>Desipit, et longo torpet confectus ab ævo</i>."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>It would have only occupied your space needlessly, to have transcribed + at length the celebrated description of the seven ages of human life from + Shakspeare's <i>As You Like It</i>; but I would solicit the attention of + your readers to the Latin verses, and then to the question, Whether + either poet has borrowed from the other? and, should this be decided + affirmatively, the farther question would arise, Which is the + original?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Arterus.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Dublin.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[These lines look like a modern paraphrase of Shakspeare; and our + Correspondent has not informed us from what book he has + <i>transcribed</i> them.—Ed.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Passage in "King John" and "Romeo and Juliet."</i>—I am + neither a commentator nor a reader of commentators on Shakspeare. When I + meet with a difficulty, I get over it as well as I can, and think no more + of the matter. Having, however, accidentally seen two passages of + Shakspeare much ventilated in "N. & Q.," I venture to give my poor + conjectures respecting them.</p> + + <p>1. <i>King John.</i>—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"It lies as sightly on the back of him,</p> + <p>As great Alcides' <i>shows</i> upon an ass."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>I consider <i>shows</i> to be the true reading; the reference being to + the ancient <i>mysteries</i>, called also <i>shows</i>. The machinery + required for the celebration of the mysteries was carried by + <i>asses</i>. Hence the proverb: "Asinus portat mysteriæ." The connexion + of Hercules—"great Alcides"—with the mysteries, may be + learned from Aristophanes and many other ancient writers. And thus the + meaning of the passage seems to be: The lion's skin, which once belonged + to Richard of the Lion Heart, is as sightly on the back of + <i>Austria</i>, as were the mysteries of Hercules upon an ass.</p> + + <p>2. <i>Romeo and Juliet.</i>—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"That runaways eyes may wink."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>Here I would retain the reading, and interpret <i>runaways</i> as + signifying "persons going about on the watch." Perhaps <i>runagates</i>, + according to modern usage, would come nearer to the proposed + signification, but not to be quite up with it. Many words in Shakspeare + have significations very remote from those which they now bear.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Patrick Muirson.</span></p> + + <p><i>Shakspeare and the Bible.</i>—Has it ever been noticed that + the following passage from the Second Part of <i>Henry IV.</i>, Act I. + Sc. 3., is taken from the fourteenth chapter of St. Luke's Gospel?</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"What do we then, but draw anew the model</p> + <p>In fewer offices; or, at least, desist</p> + <p>To build at all? Much more, in this great work,</p> + <p>(Which is almost to pluck a kingdom down,</p> + <p>And set another up) should we survey</p> + <p>The plot, the situation, and the model;</p> + <p>Consult upon a sure foundation,</p> + <p>Question surveyors, know our own estate,</p> + <p>How able such a work to undergo.</p> + <p>A careful leader sums what force he brings</p> + <p>To weigh against his opposite; or else</p> + <p>We fortify on paper, and in figures,</p> + <p>Using the names of men, instead of men:</p> + <p>Like one that draws the model of a house</p> + <p>Beyond his power to build it."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>The passage in St. Luke is as follows (xiv. 28-31.):</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"For which of you, intending to build a tower, sitteth not down first, + and counteth the cost, whether he have sufficient to finish it?</p> + + <p>"Lest haply, after he hath laid the foundation, and is not able to + finish it, all that behold it begin to mock him,</p> + + <p>"Saying, This man began to build, and was not able to finish.</p> + + <p>"Or what king, going to make war against another king, sitteth not + down first, and consulteth whether he be able with ten thousand to meet + him that cometh against him with twenty thousand?"</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>I give the passage as altered by Mr. Collier's Emendator, because I + think the line added by him,</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"A careful leader sums what force he brings,"</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>is strongly corroborated by the Scripture text.</p> + + <p class="author">Q. D.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Minor Notes.</h2> + + <p><i>Judicial Families.</i>—In vol. v. p. 206. (new edition) of + Lord Mahon's <i>History of England</i>, we find the following + passage:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Lord Chancellor Camden was the younger son of Chief Justice + Pratt,—a case of rare succession in the annals of the law, and not + easily matched, unless by their own cotemporaries, Lord Hardwicke and + Charles Yorke."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The following case, I think, is equally, if not more, + remarkable:—</p> + + <p>The Right Hon. Thomas Berry Cusack-Smith, brother of the present Sir + Michael Cusack-Smith, Bart., is Master of the Rolls in Ireland, having + been appointed to that high office in January, 1846. His father, Sir + William Cusack-Smith, second baronet, was for many years Baron of the + Court of Exchequer in Ireland. And his grandfather, the Right Hon. Sir + Michael Smith, first baronet, was, like his grandson at the present day, + Master of the Rolls in Ireland.</p> + + <p>Is not this "a case of rare succession in the annals of the law, and + not easily matched?"</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Abhba.</span></p> + +<p><!-- Page 385 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page385"></a>{385}</span></p> + + <p><i>Derivation of "Topsy Turvy."</i>—When things are in confusion + they are generally said to be turned "topsy turvy." The expression is + derived from a way in which turf for fuel is placed to dry on its being + cut. The surface of the ground is pared off with the heath growing on it, + and the heath is turned downward, and left some days in that state that + the earth may get dry before it is carried away. It means then + top-side-turf-way.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Clericus Rusticus</span>.</p> + + <p><i>Dictionaries and Encyclopædias.</i>—Allow me to offer a + suggestion to the publishers and compilers of dictionaries; first as to + dictionaries of the language. A large class refer to these only to learn + the meaning of words not familiar to them, but which may occur in + reading. If the dictionaries are framed on the principle of displaying + only the classical language of England, it is ten to one they will not + supply the desired information. Let there be, besides classical + dictionaries, glossaries which will exclude no word whatever on account + of rarity, vulgarity, or technicality, but which may very well exclude + those which are most familiar. As to encyclopædias, their value is + chiefly as supplements to the library; but surely no one studies anatomy, + or the differential calculus, or architecture, in them, however good the + treatises may be. I want a dictionary of miscellaneous subjects, such as + find place more easily in an encyclopædia than anywhere else; but why + must I also purchase treatises on the higher mathematics, on navigation, + on practical engineering, and the like, some of which I already may + possess, others not want, and none of which are a bit the more convenient + because arranged in alphabetical order in great volumes. Besides, they + cannot be conveniently replaced by improved editions.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Encyclopædicus</span>.</p> + + <p><i>"Mary, weep no more for me."</i>—There is a well-known ballad + of this name, said to have been written by a Scotchman named "Low." The + first verse runs thus:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"The moon had climbed the highest hill,</p> + <p>Which rises o'er the source of Dee,</p> + <p>And from the eastern summit sped</p> + <p>Its silver light on tower and tree."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>I find, however, amongst my papers, a fragment of a version of this + same ballad, of, I assume, earlier antiquity, which so surpasses Low's + ballad that the author has little to thank him for his interference. The + first verse of what I take to be the original poem stands thus:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"The moon had climbed the highest hill,</p> + <p>Where eagles big<a name="footnotetag2" href="#footnote2"><sup>[2]</sup></a> aboon the Dee,</p> + <p>And like the looks of a lovely dame,</p> + <p>Brought joy to every body's ee."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>No poetical reader will require his attention to be directed to the + immeasurable superiority of this glorious verse: the high poetic + animation, the eagles' visits, the lovely looks of female beauty, the + exhilarating gladness and joy affecting the beholder, all manifest the + genius of the master bard. I shall receive it as a favour if any of your + correspondents will furnish a complete copy of the original poem, and + contrast it with what "Low" fancied his "improvements."</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">James Cornish</span>.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <a name="footnote2"></a><b>Footnote 2:</b><a + href="#footnotetag2">(return)</a> + <p>Build.</p> + +</div> + <p><i>Epitaph at Wood Ditton.</i>—You have recently appropriated a + small space in your "medium of intercommunication" to the subject of + epitaphs. I can furnish you with one which I have been accustomed to + regard as a "grand climacterical absurdity." About thirty years ago, when + making a short summer ramble, I entered the churchyard of Wood Ditton, + near Newmarket, and my attention was attracted by a headstone, having + inlaid into its upper part a piece of iron, measuring about ten inches by + six, and hollowed out into the shape of a <i>dish</i>. I inquired of a + cottager residing on the spot what the thing meant? I was informed that + the party whose ashes the grave covered was a man who, during a long + life, had a strange taste for sopping a slice of bread in a dripping-pan + (a pan over which meat has been roasted), and would relinquish for this + all kinds of dishes, sweet or savoury; that in his will he left a request + that a dripping-pan should be fixed in his gravestone; that he wrote his + own epitaph, an exact copy of which I herewith give you, and which he + requested to be engraved on the stone:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Here lies my corpse, who was the man</p> + <p>That loved a sop in the dripping-pan;</p> + <p>But now believe me I am dead,—</p> + <p>See here the pan stands at my head.</p> + <p>Still for sops till the last I cried,</p> + <p>But could not eat, and so I died.</p> + <p>My neighbours they perhaps will laugh,</p> + <p>When they read my epitaph."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p class="author">J. H.</p> + + <p class="address">Cambridge.</p> + + <p><i>Pictorial Pun.</i>—In the village of Warbleton, in Sussex, + there is an old public-house, which has for its sign a War Bill in a tun + of beer, in reference of course to the name of the place. It has, + however, the double meaning, of "Axe for Beer."</p> + + <p class="author">R. W. B.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Queries.</h2> + +<h3>SIR THOMAS BUTTON'S VOYAGE, 1612.</h3> + + <p>I am about to print some information, hitherto I believe totally + unknown, relative to the voyage of Sir Thomas Button in 1612, for the + discovery of the north-west passage.</p> + + <p>Of this voyage a journal was kept, which was in existence many years + afterwards, being offered by <!-- Page 386 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page386"></a>{386}</span>its author to Secretary Dorchester in + 1629, then engaged in forwarding the projected voyage of "North-West" + Foxe; it is remarkable, however, that no extended account of this voyage, + so important in its objects, has ever been published. I am desirous of + knowing if this journal is in existence, and where? Also, Lord + Dorchester's letter to Button in February, 1629; of any farther + information on the subject of the voyage, or of Sir Thomas Button.</p> + + <p>What I possess already are, 1. "Motiues inducing a Proiect for the + Discouerie of the North Pole terrestriall; the streights of Anian, into + the South Sea, and Coasts thereof," anno 1610. 2. Prince Henry's + Instructions for the Voyage, together with King James's Letters of + Credence, 1612. 3. A Letter from Sir Thomas Button to Secretary + Dorchester, dated Cardiff, 16th Feb., 1629 (from the State Paper Office). + 4. Sir Dudley Digges' little tract on the N.-W. Passage, written to + promote the voyage, and of which there were two distinct impressions in + 1611 and 1612. 5. Extracts from the Carleton Correspondence, and from the + Hakluyt Society's volume on Voyages to the North-West.</p> + + <p>I shall be glad also to learn the date, and any other facts connected + with the death of John Davis, the discoverer of the Straits bearing his + name.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">John Petheram.</span></p> + + <p class="address">94. High Holborn.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Minor Queries.</h2> + + <p><i>The Words "Cash" and "Mob."</i>—In Moore's <i>Diary</i> I + find the following remark. Can any of your numerous readers throw any + light on the subject?</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Lord Holland doubted whether the word 'Cash' was a legitimate English + word, though, as Irving remarked, it is as old as Ben Jonson, there being + a character called Cash in one of his comedies. Lord Holland said Mr. Fox + was of opinion that the word 'Mob' was not genuine + English."—Moore's <i>Diary</i>, vol. iii. p. 247.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Clericus Rusticus.</span></p> + + <p><i>"History of Jesus Christ."</i>—G. L. S. will feel obliged by + any correspondent of "N. & Q." stating who is the author of the + following work?—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"The History of the Incarnation, Life, Doctrine and Miracles, the + Death, Resurrection, and Ascension of Our Blessed Lord and Saviour, Jesus + Christ. In Seven Books; illustrated with Notes, and interspersed with + Dissertations, theological, historical, geographical and critical.</p> + + <p>"To which are added the Lives, Actions, and Sufferings of the Twelve + Apostles; also of Saint Paul, Saint Mark, Saint Luke, and Saint Barnabas. + Together with a Chronological Table from the beginning of the reign of + Herod the Great to the end of the Apostolic Age. By a Divine of the + Church of England.</p> + + <p>"London: printed for T. Cooper, at the Globe, in Paternoster Row, + 1737."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>This work is in one folio volume, and all I can ascertain of its + authorship is that it was <i>not</i> written by Bishop Gibson, of + "Preservative" fame.</p> + + <p><i>Quantity of the Latin Termination -anus.</i>—Proper names + having the termination <i>-anus</i> are always long in Latin and short in + Greek; thus, the Claudiānus, Luciānus, &c. of the Latins + are <span title="Klaudianos" class="grk" + >Κλαυδιᾰνος</span> + and <span title="Loukianos" class="grk" + >Λουκιᾰνος</span> + in Greek. What is to be said of the word <span title="Christianos" class="grk" + >Χριστιανος</span>? + Is it long or short, admitting it to be long in the Latin tongue?</p> + + <p>While on the subject of quantities, let me ask, where is the authority + for that of the name of the queen of the Ethiopians, Candace, to be + found? We always pronounce it long, but all books of authority mark it as + short.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Anti-Barbarus.</span></p> + + <p><i>Webb and Walker Families.</i>—Perhaps you or some of your + numerous readers could inform me if the Christian names of Daniel and + Roger were used 160 or 180 years ago by any of the numerous families of + <i>Webb</i> or <i>Webbe</i>, resident in Wilts or elsewhere; and if so, + in what family of that name? And is there any pedigree of them extant? + and where is it to be found?</p> + + <p>Was the Rev. Geo. Walker, the defender of Derry, connected with the + Webbs? and if so, how, and with what family?</p> + + <p>Is there any Webb mentioned in history at the siege of Derry? and if + so, to what family of that name did he belong?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Gulielmus.</span></p> + + <p><i>Cawdrey's "Treasure of Similes."</i>—I stumbled lately at a + book-stall on a very curious old book entitled <i>A Treasurie or + Store-house of Similes both pleasant, delightfull, and profitable</i>. + The title-page is gone; but in an old hand on the cover it is stated to + have been written by a certain "Cawdrey," and to have been printed in + 1609, where I cannot discover. Can any of your correspondents oblige me + with some information concerning him? The book is marked "scarce."</p> + + <p class="author">J. H. S.</p> + + <p><i>Point of Etiquette.</i>—Will some of your numerous + correspondents kindly inform me as to the rule in such a case as the + following: when an elder brother has lost both his daughters in his old + age, does the eldest daughter of the younger brother take the style of + <i>Miss</i> Smith, Jones, Brown, or Robinson, as the case may be?</p> + + <p class="author">F. D., M.R.C.S.</p> + + <p><i>Napoleon's Spelling.</i>—Macaulay, in his <i>History of + England</i>, chap. vii., quotes, in a foot-note, a passage from a letter + of William III., written in French to his ambassador at Paris, and then + makes this remark, "The spelling is bad, but not worse than Napoleon's." + <!-- Page 387 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page387"></a>{387}</span></p> + + <p>Can you refer me to some authentic proof of the fact that Napoleon was + unable to spell correctly? It is well known that he affected to put his + thoughts upon paper with great rapidity; and the consequence of this + practice was, that in almost every word some letters were dropped, or + their places indicated by dashes. But this was only one of those numerous + contrivances, to which he was in the habit of resorting, in order to + impress those around him with an idea of his greatness.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Henry H. Breen.</span></p> + + <p class="address">St. Lucia.</p> + + <p><i>Trench on Proverbs.</i>—Mr. Trench, in this excellent little + work, states that the usual translation of Psalm cxxvii. 2. is + incorrect:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Let me remind you of such [proverbs] also as the following, often + quoted or alluded to by Greek and Latin authors: <i>The net of the + sleeping (fisherman) takes</i><a name="footnotetag3" + href="#footnote3"><sup>[3]</sup></a>; a proverb the more interesting, + that we have in the words of the Psalmist (Ps. cxxvii. 2.), were they + accurately translated, a beautiful and perfect parallel; 'He giveth his + beloved' (not 'sleep,' but) 'in their sleep;' his gifts gliding into + their bosoms, they knowing not how, and as little expecting as leaving + laboured for them."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The Hebrew is <span lang="he" class="heb" title="YITEIN LIYDIYDWO SHEINA'" + ><bdo dir="rtl">יִתֵּן + לִידִידוֹ + שֵׁנָא</bdo></span>, the literal + translation of which, "He giveth (or, He will give) to his beloved + sleep," seems to me to be correct.</p> + + <p>As Mr. Trench is a reader of "N. & Q.," perhaps he would have the + kindness to mention in its pages the ground he has for his proposed + translation.</p> + + <p class="author">E. M. B.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <a name="footnote3"></a><b>Footnote 3:</b><a + href="#footnotetag3">(return)</a> + <p>"<span title="Heudonti kurtos hairei" class="grk" + >Εὕδοντι + κύρτος + αἱρεῖ</span>. Dormienti rete trahit."</p> + +</div> + <p><i>Rings formerly worn by Ecclesiastics.</i>—In describing the + finger-ring found in the grave of the Venerable Bede, the writer of <i>A + brief Account of Durham Cathedral</i> adds,—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"No priest, during the reign of Catholicity, was buried or enshrined + without his ring."—P. 81.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>I have seen a similar statement elsewhere, and wish to ask, 1st, Were + priests formerly buried with the ring? 2ndly, If so, was it a mere + custom, or was it ordered or authorised by any rubric or canon of our old + English Church?</p> + + <p>I am very strongly of opinion that such never was the custom, and that + the statement above quoted has its origin in the confounding priests with + bishops. Martene says, when speaking of the manner of burying + bishops,—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Episcopus debet habere annulum, quia sponsus est. Cæteri sacerdotes + non, quia sponsi non sunt, sed amici sponsi vel vicarii."—<i>De + Antiquis Ecclesiæ Ritibus</i>, lib. <span class="scac">III.</span> cap. + xii. n. 11.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Ceyrep.</span></p> + + <p><i>Butler's "Lives of the Saints."</i>—Can any of your + correspondents supply a correct list of the various editions of this + popular work? The notices in Watt and Lowndes are very + unsatisfactory.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. Yeowell.</span></p> + + <p><i>Marriage of Cousins.</i>—It was asserted to me the other day + that marriage with a <i>second</i> cousin is, by the laws of England, + illegal, and that succession to property has been lately barred to the + issue of such marriage, though the union of <i>first</i> cousins entails + no such consequences. Is there any foundation for this statement?</p> + + <p class="author">J. P.</p> + + <p><i>Castle Thorpe</i><a name="footnotetag4" + href="#footnote4"><sup>[4]</sup></a>, <i>Bucks.</i>—A traditional + rhyme is current at this place which says that—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"If it hadn't been for Cobb-bush Hill,</p> + <p>Thorpe Castle would have stood there still."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>or the last line, according to another version,—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"There would have been a castle at Thorpe still."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>Now it appears from Lipscomb's <i>History</i> of the county, that the + castle was demolished by Fulke de Brent about 1215; how then can this + tradition be explained?</p> + + <p>Cobb-bush Hill, I am told, is more than half a mile from the + village.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">H. Thos. Wake.</span></p> + +<div class="note"> + <a name="footnote4"></a><b>Footnote 4:</b><a + href="#footnotetag4">(return)</a> + <p>Pronounced <i>Thrup</i>.</p> + +</div> + <p><i>Where was Edward II. killed?</i>—Hume and Lingard state that + this monarch was murdered at Berkeley Castle. Echard and Rapin are + silent, both as to the event and as to the locality. But an earlier + authority, viz. Martyn, in his <i>Historie and Lives of Twentie + Kings</i>, 1615, says:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"He was committed to the Castle of Killingworth, and Prince Edward was + crowned king. And not long after, the king being removed to the Castle of + Corff, was wickedly assayled by his keepers, who, through a horne which + they put in his," &c.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>What authority had Martyn for these statements?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">C. Mansfield Ingleby.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Birmingham.</p> + + <p><i>Encore.</i>—Perhaps some correspondent of "N. & Q." can + assign a reason why we use this French word in our theatres and concert + rooms, to express our desire for the repetition of favourite songs, + &c. I should also like to know at what period it was introduced.</p> + + <p class="author">A. A.</p> + + <p><i>Amcotts' Pedigree.</i>—Can any of your correspondents supply + me with a full pedigree of Amcotts of Astrop, co. Lincolnshire? I do not + refer to the Visitations, but to the later descents of the family. The + last heir male was, I believe, Vincent Amcotts, Esq., great-grandfather + to the present Sir William Amcotts Ingilby, Bart. Elizabeth Amcotts, who + married, 19th July, 1684, John Toller, Esq., of Billingborough Hall in + Lincolnshire, was one of this family, and I suppose aunt to Vincent + Amcotts. I may mention, the calendars <!-- Page 388 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page388"></a>{388}</span>of the Will Office at + Lincoln have no entries of the name of Amcotts between 1670 and 1753.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Tewars.</span></p> + + <p><i>Blue Bell—Blue Anchor.</i>—A bell painted blue is a + common tavern sign in this country (United States); and the blue anchor + is also to be met with in many places. As these signs evidently had their + origin in England, and one of them is alluded to in the old Scotch ballad + "The Blue Bell of Scotland," it seems to me that the best method to apply + for information upon the subject is to ask "N. & Q." Are these signs + of inns heraldic survivors of old time; are they corruptions of some + other emblem, such as that which in London transformed <i>La Belle + Sauvage</i> into the <i>Bell Savage</i>, pictorialised by an Indian + ringing a hand-bell; or is the choice of such improper colour as blue for + a bell and an anchor a species of symbolism the meaning of which is not + generally known?</p> + + <p class="author"><a href="images/oldew.png"><img src="images/oldew.png" class="middle" style="height:2ex" alt="Old English W" /></a>.</p> + + <p class="address">Philadelphia.</p> + + <p><i>"We've parted for the longest time."</i>—Would you insert + these lines in your paper, the author of which I seek to know, as well as + the remaining verses?</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"We've parted for the longest time, we ever yet did part,</p> + <p>And I have felt the last wild throb of that enduring heart:</p> + <p>Thy cold and tear-wet cheek has lain for the last time to mine,</p> + <p>And I have pressed in agony those trembling lips of thine."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p class="author"><span class="sc">R. Jermyn Cooper.</span></p> + + <p class="address">The Rectory, Chiltington Hunt, Sussex.</p> + + <p><i>Matthew Lewis.</i>—Allow me to solicit information, through + the medium of "N. & Q.," where I can see a pedigree of Matthew Lewis, + Esq., Deputy Secretary of War for many years under the Right Hon. William + Windham, then M.P. for Norwich, and other Secretaries-at-War. I rather + think Mr. Lewis married a daughter of Sir Thomas Sewell, Kt., Master of + the Rolls from 1764 to 1784; and had a son, Matthew Gregory Lewis, known + as <i>Monk</i> Lewis, who was M.P. for Hindon at the close of the last + century: a very clever but eccentric young man. I also believe + Lieut.-Gen. John Whitelocke, and Gen. Sir Thos. Brownrigg, G.C.B., who + died in 1838, were connected by marriage with the Sewell or Lewis + families.</p> + + <p class="author">C. H. F.</p> + + <p><i>Paradise Lost.</i>—In <i>A Treatise on the Dramatic + Literature of the Greeks</i>, by the Rev. J. R. Darley, I read the + following remark:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"In our own literature also, the efforts of our early dramatists were + directed to subjects derived from religion; even the <i>Paradise Lost</i> + is composed of a series of minor pieces, originally cast in dramatic + form, of which the creation and fall of man, and the several episodes + which were introduced subordinately to these grand events, were the + subject-matter."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>This statement being at variance with the received opinion, that + Milton, from his early youth, had meditated the composition of an epic + poem, I would inquire whether there is any evidence to support Mr. + Darley's view? Milton has been charged with having borrowed the design of + <i>Paradise Lost</i> from some Italian author; and this allegation, + coupled with that made by Mr. Darley, would, if founded, reduce our great + national epic to what Hazlitt has described as "patchwork and plagiarism, + the beggarly copiousness of borrowed wealth."</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Henry H. Breen.</span></p> + + <p class="address">St. Lucia.</p> + + <p><i>Colonel Hyde Seymour.</i>—Who was "Colonel Hyde Seymour?" I + find his name written in a book, <i>The Life of William the Third</i>, + 1703.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">H. T. Ellacombe.</span></p> + + <p><i>Vault at Richmond, Yorkshire.</i>—In Speed's plan of + Richmond, in Yorkshire, is represented the mouth of a "vault that goeth + under the river, and ascendeth up into the Castell." Was there ever such + a vault, and how came it to be destroyed or lost sight of? One who knows + Richmond well tells me that he never heard of it.</p> + + <p class="author">O. L. R. G.</p> + + <p><i>Poems published at Manchester.</i>—Can any contributor to "N. + & Q." inform me who was the author of a volume of <i>Poems on Several + Occasions</i>, published by subscription at Manchester; printed for the + author by R. Whitworth, in the year 1733? It is an 8vo. of 138 pages; has + on the title-page a line from Ovid:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Jure, tibi grates, candide lector, ago,"</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>and begins with an "Address to all my Subscribers;" after which follow + several pages of subscribers' names, which consist chiefly of + Staffordshire and Cheshire gentry. My copy (for the possession of which I + am indebted to the kindness of Dr. Bliss, the Principal of St. Mary's + Hall, Oxford) was formerly in the library of Mr. Heber, who has thus + noted its purchase on the fly-leaf, "Feb. 1811, Ford, Manchester, + 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>" Dr. Bliss has added, on the same fly-leaf, + "Heber's fourth sale, No. 1908, not in the Bodleian Catalogue." The first + poem in the book is "A Pastoral to the Memory of Sir Thomas Delves, + Baronet." It is probably a scarce book; but possibly some of your + book-learned correspondents may help me to the author's name.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. Sneyd.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Denton.</p> + + <p><i>Handel's Dettingen Te Deum.</i>—Any information as to the + circumstances under which Handel composed this celebrated <i>Te Deum</i>, + and the place <!-- Page 389 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page389"></a>{389}</span>and occasion of its first public + performance, will be welcome to</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Philo-Handel.</span></p> + + <p><i>Edmund Spenser and Sir Hans Sloane, Bart.</i>—As I believe + myself (morally speaking) to be <i>lineally</i> descended from the former + of these celebrated men, and <i>collaterally</i> from the latter, may I + request that information may be forwarded me, either through your columns + or by correspondence, regarding the descendants of the great poet and his + ancestry; and also whether, among the many thousand volumes bequeathed by + Sir Hans to the nation, some record does not exist tending to prove his + genealogical descent? At present I know of no other pedigree than that + Mr. Burke has given of him in his <i>Extinct Baronetage</i>. I shall feel + exceedingly gratified if any assistance can be given me relating to these + two families.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. Sloane Sloane-Evans.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Cornworthy Vicarage, Totnes.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Minor Queries with Answers.</h2> + + <p><i>The Ligurian Sage.</i>—In Gifford's <i>Mæviad</i>, lines + 313-316, I read,—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Together we explored the stoic page</p> + <p>Of the Ligurian, stern tho' beardless sage!</p> + <p>Or trac'd the Aquinian thro' the Latin road,</p> + <p>And trembled at the lashes he bestow'd."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>The Aquinian is of course Juvenal; but I must confess me at fault with + respect to the Ligurian.</p> + + <p class="author">W. T. M.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[The Ligurian sage is no doubt Aulus Persius Flaccus, who, according + to ancient authors, was born at Volaterræ in Etruria; but some modern + writers conclude that he was born at Lunæ Portus in Liguria, from the + following lines (Sat. <span class="scac">VI.</span> 6.), which seem to + relate to the place of his residence:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i10hg3">"Mihi nunc Ligus ora</p> + <p>Intepet, hybernatque <i>meum</i> mare, qua latus ingens</p> + <p>Dant scopuli, et multa littus se valle receptat.</p> + <p><i>Lunai portum</i> est operæ cognoscere, cives."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>When approaching the verge of manhood, Persius became the pupil of + Cornutus the Stoic, and his death took place before he had completed his + twenty-eighth year.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Gresebrok in Yorkshire.</i>—Can you or any of your + correspondents give me any information as to what part of Yorkshire the + manor of Gresebrok lies in? In Shaw's <i>History of Staffordshire</i> (2 + vols. folio), there is a "Bartholomew de Gresebrok" mentioned as witness + to a deed of Henry III.'s times made between Robert de Grendon, Lord of + Shenston, and Jno. de Baggenhall; which family of Gresebrok, it is said, + "probably took their name from a <i>manor so called in Yorkshire</i>, and + had property and residence in Shenstone, from this early period to the + beginning of the century, many of whom are recorded in the registers from + 1590 to 1722."</p> + + <p>The above is quoted by Shaw from Sanders's <i>History of + Shenstone</i>, p. 98., and perhaps some of your correspondents may + possess that work, and will oblige me by transcribing the necessary + information.</p> + + <p>Any particulars of the above family will much oblige your constant + reader</p> + + <p class="author"><span title="Hêraldikos." class="grk">Ἡραλδικος.</span></p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[According to Sanders, the family of Greisbrook was formerly of some + note at Shenstone. He says that "Greisbrook, whence the family had their + name, is a manor in Yorkshire, which, in the reign of Henry III., was in + the great House of Mowbray, of whom the Greisbrooks held their lands. + Roger de Greisbrook (temp. Henry II.) is mentioned as holding of the fee + of Alice, Countess of Augie, or Ewe, daughter of William de Albiney, Earl + of Arundel, by Queen Alice, relict of Henry I." Then follow some + particulars of various branches of the family, from the year 1580 to the + death of Robert Greisbrook in 1718. Sanders's History is included in vol. + ix. of <i>Bibliotheca Topographica Britannica</i>.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Stillingfleet's Library.</i>—The extensive and valuable + library of Edward Stillingfleet, the learned Bishop of Worcester, who + died in 1699, is said to be contained in the library of Primate Marsh, + St. Patrick's, Dublin. Can any of your correspondents state how it came + there? Was it bequeathed by the bishop, or sold by his descendants? He + died at Westminster, and was buried in Worcester Cathedral.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. B. Whitborne.</span></p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[Bishop Stillingfleet's library was purchased by Archbishop Marsh for + his public library in Dublin. A few years since Robert Travers, Esq., + M.D., of Dundrum near Dublin, was engaged in preparing for publication a + catalogue of Stillingfleet's printed books, amounting to near 10,000 + volumes. The bishop's MSS. were bought by the late Earl of Oxford, and + are now in the Harleian Collection. See <i>The Life of Bishop + Stillingfleet</i>, 8vo., 1735, p. 135., and <i>Biog. Brit.</i> s. v.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>The whole System of Law.</i>—On December 26, 1651, the Long + Parliament, stimulated by Cromwell to various important reforms in civil + matters, resolved,—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"That it be referred to persons out of the House to take into + consideration what inconveniences there are in the law, and how the + mischiefs that grow from the delays, the chargeableness, and the + irregularities in the proceedings of the law, may be prevented; and the + speediest way to reform the same."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The commission thus appointed consisted twenty-one persons, among whom + were Sir Mathew Hale, Sir Anthony Ashley Cooper, and John Rushworth. They + seem to have set to work with great vigour, and submitted a variety of + important measures to Parliament, many of which were <!-- Page 390 + --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page390"></a>{390}</span>adopted. They + also prepared a document "containing the whole system of the law," which + was read to the House on January 20 and 21, 1652; and it was resolved + "That three hundred copies of the said book be forthwith printed, to be + delivered to members of the Parliament only."</p> + + <p>Is anything known of this work at the present day?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">A Leguleian.</span></p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[It appears doubtful whether this work was ever printed, for in a + pamphlet published April 27, 1653, entitled <i>A Supply to a Draught of + an Act or System proposed (as is reported) by the Committee for + Regulations concerning the Law</i>, &c., the writer thus notices + it:—"Having <i>lately heard</i> of some propositions called 'The + System of the Law,' which are said to be intended preparatives to several + Acts of Parliament touching the regulation of the law, we cannot but with + thankfulness acknowledge the care and industry of those worthy persons + who contrived the same, it containing many good and wholesome provisions + for the future perpetual good and quiet of the nation.... We know not, at + present, wherein we could give a more visible testimony of our affections + to the peaceable government of the free people here, than by offering to + them and the supreme authority, what we humbly conceive prejudicial and + inconvenient to well-government, in case that System (<i>as it is said to + be now prepared</i>) should take effect." A week before the publication + of this work, the Long Parliament had been turned out of doors by + Cromwell.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Saint Malachy on the Popes.</i>—Saint Malachy, Archbishop of + Armagh, who flourished in the first half of the twelfth century, is said + to be the author of a curious prophecy respecting the Popes. Some years + ago I met with this prophecy in an old French almanack, and was + particularly struck with its applicability to the life and character of + the present Pope; but I omitted to make a Note.</p> + + <p>Can you inform me where I may find a copy of this prophecy?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Henry H. Breen.</span></p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[St. Malachy's hieroglyphical descriptions or prophecy on the + succession of Roman Pontiffs will be found in <i>Flosculi Historici + delibati nunc delibatiores redditi, sive Historia Universalis</i>; + Auctore Joanne de Bussières, Societatis Jesu Sacerdote, Oxon. 1668. An + explanation of each prophecy is given from the pontificate of Celestus + II. <span class="scac">A.D.</span> 1143, to that of Innocent X. <span + class="scac">A.D.</span> 1644. The present Pope being the nineteenth from + Innocent X., the following prophecy relates to him, "Crux de Cruce." We + subjoin the remainder: 20. Lumen in cœlo. 21. Ignis ardens. 22. + Religio depopulata. 23. Fides intrepida. 24. Pastor angelicus. 25. Pastor + et nauta. 26. Flos Florum. 27. De medietate lunæ. 28. De labore solis. 29 + Gloria Olivæ. St. Malachy concludes his prophecy with the following + prediction of the downfall of the Roman Church: "In persecutione extrema + Sacræ Romanæ Ecclesiæ sedebit Petrus Romanus, qui pascet oves in multis + tribulationibus; quibus transactis civitas septicollis diruetur, et Judex + tremendus judicabit populum."]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Work on the Human Figure.</i>—A few years ago there was a + little work published on <i>Dress and the Art of improving the Human + Figure</i>, by (I believe) a nobleman's valet: I wish to consult this for + a literary purpose, and should be much obliged to any of your readers who + can favour me with the exact title and date.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Charles Demayne.</span></p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[The following two works on dress appear in the <i>London + Catalogue:—The Whole Art of Dress</i>, by a Country Officer, 12mo. + Lond. 1830; and <i>The Art of Dress, or a Guide to the Toilette</i>, fcp. + 8vo., Lond. 1839.]</p> + +</div> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Replies.</h2> + +<h3>"NAMBY-PAMBY," AND OTHER WORDS OF THE +SAME FORM.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. viii., p. 318.)</p> + + <p>The origin of the word <i>namby-pamby</i> is explained in the + following passage of Johnson's <i>Life of Ambrose Philips</i>:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"The pieces that please best are those which from Pope and Pope's + adherents procured him the name of <i>namby-pamby</i>, the poems of short + lines, by which he paid his court to all ages and characters—from + Walpole, 'the steerer of the realm,' to Miss Pulteney in the nursery. The + numbers are smooth and sprightly, and the diction is seldom faulty. They + are not loaded with much thought, yet, if they had been written by + Addison, they would have had admirers. Little things are not valued but + when they are done by those who can do greater."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>In the <i>Treatise on the Bathos</i>, the <i>infantine</i> style is + exclusively exemplified by passages from Ambrose Philips:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"This [says Pope] is when a poet grows so very simple as to think and + talk like a child. I shall take my examples from the greatest master in + this way: hear how he fondles like a mere stammerer:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg1">'Little charm of placid mien,</p> + <p>Miniature of Beauty's queen,</p> + <p>Hither, British Muse of mine,</p> + <p>Hither, all ye Grecian nine,</p> + <p>With the lovely Graces three,</p> + <p>And your pretty nursling see.</p> + <p>When the meadows next are seen,</p> + <p>Sweet enamel, white and green;</p> + <p>When again the lambkins play,</p> + <p>Pretty sportlings full of May,</p> + <p>Then the neck so white and round,</p> + <p>(Little neck with brilliants bound)</p> + <p>And thy gentleness of mind,</p> + <p>(Gentle from a gentle kind), &c.</p> + <p>Happy thrice, and thrice again,</p> + <p>Happiest he of happy men,' &c.</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>And the rest of those excellent lullabies of his + composition."—C. xi.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>These verses are stated by Warburton, in his note on the passage, to + be taken from a poem to <!-- Page 391 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page391"></a>{391}</span>Miss Cuzzona. They are however in fact + selected from two poems addressed to daughters of Lord Carteret, and are + put together arbitrarily, out of the order in which they stand in the + original poems. There is a short poem by Philips in the same metre, + addressed to Signora Cuzzoni, and dated May 25, 1724, beginning, "Little + syren of the stage;" but none of the verses quoted in the <i>Treatise on + the Bathos</i> are extracted from it.</p> + + <p><i>Namby-pamby</i> belongs to a tolerably numerous class of words in + our language, all formed on the same rhyming principle. They are all + familiar, and some of them childish; which last circumstance probably + suggested to Pope the invention of the word <i>namby-pamby</i>, in order + to designate the infantine style which Ambrose Philips had introduced. + Many of them, however, are used by old and approved writers; and the + principle upon which they are formed must be of great antiquity in our + language. The following is a collection of words which are all formed in + this manner:</p> + + <p><i>Bow-wow.</i>—A word coined in imitation of a dog's bark. + Compare the French <i>aboyer</i>.</p> + + <p><i>Chit-chat.</i>—Formed by reduplication from <i>chat</i>. A + word (says Johnson) used in ludicrous conversation. It occurs in the + <i>Spectator</i> and <i>Tatler</i>.</p> + + <p><i>Fiddle-faddle.</i>—Formed in a similar manner from <i>to + fiddle</i>, in its sense of <i>to trifle</i>. It occurs in the + <i>Spectator</i>.</p> + + <p><i>Flim-flam.</i>—An old word, of which examples are cited from + Beaumont and Fletcher, and Swift. It is formed from <i>flam</i>, which + Johnson calls "a cant word of no certain etymology." <i>Flam</i>, for a + lie, a cheat, is however used by South, Barrow, and Warburton, and + therefore at one time obtained an admission into dignified style. See + Nares' <i>Glossary</i> in v.</p> + + <p><i>Hab or nab.</i>—That is, according to Nares, have or have + not; subsequently abridged into <i>hab, nab</i>. <i>Hob or nob</i> is + explained by him to mean "Will you have a glass of wine or not?" <i>Hob, + nob</i> is applied by Shakspeare to another alternative, viz. give or + take (<i>Twelfth Night</i>, Act III. Sc. 4.). See Nares in v. <i>Habbe or + Nabbe</i>.</p> + + <p><i>Handy-dandy.</i>—"A play in which children change hands and + places" (Johnson). Formed from hand. The word is used by Shakspeare.</p> + + <p><i>Harum-scarum.</i>—"A low but frequent expression applied to + flighty persons; persons always in a hurry" (Todd). Various conjectures + are offered respecting its origin: the most probable seems to be, that it + is derived from <i>scare</i>. The Anglo-Saxon word <i>hearmsceare</i> + means punishment (see Grimm, <i>Deutsche Rechtsalterthümer</i>, p. 681.); + but although the similarity of sound is remarkable, it is difficult to + understand how <i>harum-scarum</i> can be connected with it.</p> + + <p><i>Helter-skelter.</i>—Used by Shakspeare. Several derivations + for this word are suggested, but none probable.</p> + + <p><i>Higgledy-piggledy.</i>—"A cant word, corrupted from + <i>higgle</i>, which denotes any confused mass, as <i>higglers</i> carry + a huddle of provisions together" (Johnson). It seems more probable that + the word is formed from <i>pig</i>; and that it alludes to the confused + and indiscriminate manner in which pigs lie together. In other instances + (as <i>chit-chat</i>, <i>flim-flam</i>, <i>pit-a-pat</i>, + <i>shilly-shally</i>, <i>slip-slop</i>, and perhaps <i>harum-scarum</i>), + the word which forms the basis of the rhyming reduplication stands + second, and not first.</p> + + <p><i>Hocus-pocus.</i>—The words <i>ocus bochus</i> appear, from a + passage cited in Todd, to have been used anciently by Italian conjurers. + The fanciful idea of Tillotson, that <i>hocus-pocus</i> is a corruption + of the words <i>hoc est corpus</i>, is well known. Compare Richardson + <i>in v.</i></p> + + <p><i>Hoddy-doddy.</i>—This ancient word has various meanings (see + Richardson <i>in v.</i>). As used by Ben Jonson and Swift, it is + expressive of contempt. In Holland's translation of Pliny it signifies a + snail. There is likewise a nursery rhyme or riddle:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i1hg3">"Hoddy-doddy,</p> + <p>All legs and no body."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p><i>Hodge-podge</i> appears to be a corruption of <i>hotch-pot</i>. It + occurs in old writers. (See Richardson in <i>Hotch-pot</i>.)</p> + + <p><i>Hoity-toity.</i>—Thoughtless, giddy. Formed from the old word + <i>to hoit</i>, to dance or leap, to indulge in riotous mirth. See Nares + in <i>Hoit</i> and <i>Hoyt</i>.</p> + + <p><i>Hubble-bubble.</i>—A familiar word, formed from + <i>bubble</i>. Not in the dictionaries.</p> + + <p><i>Hubbub.</i>—Used by Spenser, and other good writers. + Richardson derives it from <i>hoop</i> or <i>whoop</i>, shout or yell. It + seems rather a word formed in imitation of the confused inarticulate + noise produced by the mixture of numerous voices, like <i>mur-mur</i> in + Latin.</p> + + <p><i>Hugger-mugger.</i>—Used by Spenser, Shakspeare, and other old + writers. The etymology is uncertain. Compare Jamieson in + <i>Hudge-mudge</i>. The latter part of the word seems to be allied with + <i>smuggle</i>, and the former part to be the reduplication. The original + and proper sense of hugger-mugger is secretly. See Nares <i>in v.</i>, + who derives it from <i>to hugger</i>, to lurk about; but query whether + such a word can be shown to have existed?</p> + + <p><i>Humpty-dumpty.</i>—Formed from <i>hump</i>. This word occurs + in the nursery rhyme:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"<i>Humpty-dumpty</i> sat on a wall,</p> + <p><i>Humpty-dumpty</i> had a great fall," &c.</p> + </div> + </div> + <p><i>Hurdy-gurdy.</i>—The origin of this word, which is quoted + from no writer earlier than Foote, has not been explained. See Todd <i>in + v.</i></p> + + <p><i>Hurly-burly.</i>—This old word occurs in the well-known + verses in the opening scene of <i>Macbeth</i>—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"When the <i>hurly burly's</i> done,</p> + <p>When the battle's lost and won"—</p> + </div> + </div> +<p><!-- Page 392 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page392"></a>{392}</span></p> + + <p>where see the notes of the commentators for other instances of it. + There are rival etymologies for this word, but all uncertain. The French + has <i>hurlu-burlu</i>. Nares in <i>Hurly</i>.</p> + + <p><i>Hurry-scurry.</i>—This word, formed from <i>hurry</i>, is + used by Gray in his <i>Long Story</i>.</p> + + <p><i>Nick-nack.</i>—A small ornament. Not in the dictionaries.</p> + + <p><i>Pic-nic.</i>—For the derivation of this word, which seems to + be of French origin, see "N. & Q.," Vol. vii., pp. 240. 387.</p> + + <p><i>Pit-pat, or Pit-a-pat.</i>—A word formed from <i>pat</i>, and + particularly applied to the pulsations of the heart, when accelerated by + emotion. Used by Ben Jonson and Dryden. Congreve writes it + <i>a-pit-pat</i>.</p> + + <p><i>Riff-raff.</i>—The refuse of anything, "Il ne lui lairra rif + ny raf." Cotgrave in <i>Rif</i>, where <i>rif</i> is said to mean + nothing.</p> + + <p><i>Rolly-pooly.</i>—"A sort of game" (Johnson). It is now used + as the name of a pudding rolled with sweetmeat.</p> + + <p><i>Rowdy-dowdy, and Rub-a-dub.</i>—Words formed in imitation of + the beat of a drum.</p> + + <p><i>Shilly-shally.</i>—Used by Congreve, and formerly written + "shill I, shall I."</p> + + <p><i>Slip-slop.</i>—"Bad liquor. A low word, formed by + reduplication of <i>slop</i>" (Johnson). Now generally applied to errors + in pronunciation, arising from ignorance and carelessness, like those of + Mrs. Malaprop in <i>The Rivals</i>.</p> + + <p><i>Tip-top.</i>—Formed from <i>top</i>, like <i>slip-slop</i> + from <i>slop</i>.</p> + + <p><i>Tirra-lirra.</i>—Used by Shakspeare:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"The lark that <i>tirra lirra</i> chants."—<i>Winter's Tale</i>, Act IV. Sc. 2.</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>From the French, see Nares <i>in v.</i></p> + + <p>The preceding collection is intended merely to illustrate the + principle upon which this class of words are formed, and does not aim at + completeness. Some of your correspondents will doubtless, if they are + disposed, be able to supply other examples of the same mode of + formation.</p> + + <p class="author">L.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>EARL OF OXFORD.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. viii., p. 292.)</p> + + <p>S. N. will find the Earl's answer in a volume, not very common now, + entitled <i>A Compleat and Impartial History of the Impeachments of the + Last Ministry</i>, London, 8vo., 1716. The charge respecting the creation + of twelve peers in one day formed the 16th article of the impeachment. I + inclose a copy of the answer, if not too long for your pages.</p> + + <p class="author">G.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"In answer to the 16th article, the said Earl doth insist, that by the + laws and constitution of this realm, it is the undoubted right and + prerogative of the Sovereign, who is the fountain of honor, to create + peers of this realm, as well in time of Parliament as when there is no + Parliament sitting or in being; and that the exercise of this branch of + the prerogative is declared in the form or preamble of all patents of + honor, to proceed <i>ex mero motu</i>, as an act of mere grace and favor, + and that such acts are not done as many other acts of public nature are, + by and with the advice of the Privy Council; or as acts of pardon usually + run, upon a favorable representation of several circumstances, or upon + reports from the Attorney-General or other officers, that such acts are + lawful or expedient, or for the safety or advantage of the Crown; but + flows entirely from the beneficent and gracious disposition of the + Sovereign. He farther says, that neither the warrants for patents of + honor, the bills or other engrossments of such patents, are at any time + communicated to the council or the treasury, as several other patents + are; and therefore the said Earl, either as High Treasurer or Privy + Councillor, could not have any knowledge of the same: Nevertheless, if + her late sacred Majesty had thought fit to acquaint him with her most + gracious intentions of creating any number of peers of this realm, and + had asked his opinion, whether the persons whom she then intended to + create were persons proper to have been promoted to that dignity, he does + believe he should have highly approved her Majesty's choice; and does not + apprehend that in so doing he had been guilty of any breach of his duty, + or violation of the trust in him reposed; since they were all persons of + honor and distinguished merit, and the peerage thereby was not greatly + increased, considering some of those created would have been peers by + descent, and many noble families were then lately extinct: And the said + Earl believes many instances may be given where this prerogative hath + been exercised by former princes of this realm, in as extensive a manner; + and particularly in the reigns of King Henry the Eighth, King James the + First, and his late Majesty King William. The said Earl begs leave to + add, that in the whole course of his life he hath always loved the + established constitution, and in his private capacity as well as in all + public stations, when he had the honor to be employed, has ever done his + utmost to preserve it, and shall always continue so to do."</p> + +</blockquote> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>PICTS' HOUSES.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. viii., p. 264.)</p> + + <p>The mention there made of the recent discovery of one of these + subterranean vaults or passages in Aberdeenshire, induces me to ask a + question in regard to two subterranean passages which have lately been + discovered in Berwickshire, and which so far differ from all others that + I have heard or read of, that whereas all of them seem to have been built + at the sides with large flat stones, and roofed with similar ones, and + then covered with earth, those which I am about to mention are both hewn + out of the solid rock. They are both situated in the Lammermoor range of + hills. Those persons who have seen them are at a loss to know for what + <!-- Page 393 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page393"></a>{393}</span>purpose they could have been excavated, + unless for the purpose of sepulture in the times of the aborigines, or of + very early inhabitants of Britain, as they in many respects resemble + those stone graves which are mentioned in Worsaae's <i>Description of the + Primæval Antiquities of Denmark</i>, translated and applied to the + illustration of similar remains in England by Mr. Thoms.</p> + + <p>One of these cavities is situated on a remote pasture farm, among the + hills belonging to the Earl of Lauderdale, called Braidshawrigg; and was + discovered by a shepherd very near his own house, within less than a + quarter of a mile up a small stream which runs past it, and on the + opposite side of the water, a few yards up the steep hill. The shepherd + had observed for some time that one of his dogs was in the habit of going + into what he supposed to be a rabbit hole at this place, and when he was + missing and called, he generally came out of this hole. At last, + curiosity led his master to take a spade and dig into it; and he soon + found that, after digging down into the soil to the rock, the cavity + became larger, and had evidently been the work of human hands. + Information was given to Lord Lauderdale, and the rubbish was cleared + away. It (the rubbish) did not extend far in, and after that the passage + was clear. The excavation consists of a passage cut nearly north and + south (the entrance being to the south) through various strata of solid + rocks, partly grauwacke, (or what is there called <i>whinstone</i>), and + partly grey slate: the strata lying east and west, and nearly vertical. + The whole length of it is seventy-four feet. From the entrance the + passage, for four or five yards, slopes downwards into the hill; it then + runs horizontally the length of sixty-three feet from the entrance, when + it changes its direction at right angles to the westward for a distance + of eleven feet; when it ends with the solid rock. It is regularly from + three feet four inches to three feet six inches wide, and about seven + feet high, the ceiling being somewhat circular. The floor is the rock cut + square. The time and labour must have been great to cut this passage, as + not more than one man could conveniently quarry the rock at the same + time. It might have been supposed that this was a level to a mine, as + copper has been worked in this range farther eastward; but the passage + does not follow any vein, but cuts across all the strata, and keeps a + straight line, till it turns westward, and then in another straight line; + and the floors, sides, and roof are all made quite regular and even with + a pickaxe or a hammer. There does not appear to have been at any time any + other habitation than the shepherd's house, and another cottage a little + lower down the stream, in the neighbourhood. The discovery of this cavern + recalled to the recollection of myself, and some of my family, that a few + years ago, in cutting a road through the rock into a whinstone quarry, + about four miles south of Braidshawrigg, near a mill, we had cut across + the east end of a passage somewhat similar to the one before mentioned, + but running east and west; that we had cleared it out for a short way, + but as it then went under a corner of one of the houses belonging to the + mill, we stopped, for fear of bringing down the building, as this + passage, though cut out of the solid rock, was not a mine, but had been + worked to the surface; and, if it ever had been used for purposes of + sepulture, must have been roofed with flagstones, and then covered with + earth like other Picts' houses. But these roof-stones must have been + carried away, and the whole trench was filled with rubbish, and all trace + of it on the surface was obliterated. This passage we have lately opened, + and cleared out. To the westward it passes into the adjoining water-mill, + which is itself in great part formed by excavation of the rock; and the + east wall of the upper part of the mill is arched over the passage. + Beyond the west wall of the mill which adjoins the stream, there is a + continuation of the trench through the rock down to the water, which + serves to take away that which passes over the millwheel at right angles + to where the rock has been cut away to make room for the millwheel + itself. That which has been cut away in making the trench, is a seam of + clay slate about three feet six inches in breadth, between two solid + whinstone rocks. The length of the passage, from the east end, which + terminated in rock, to the mill, is sixty-three feet. The mill is thirty + feet, and the cut beyond it twelve feet: in all, one hundred and five + feet. The average depth is about twelve feet; but as it slopes down to + the stream, some of it is sixteen feet deep. It has been suggested that + it might have been dug out in order to obtain the coarse slate; but the + difficulty of working a confined seam like this, in any other way than by + picking it out piecemeal with immense labour, seems impossible. It can + never have been meant to convey water to the mill, as the highest part + begins in the solid rock, and the object must always have been to keep + the water on the highest possible level, until it reached the top of the + millwheel. Nothing was found in either of these excavations.—After + this long discussion, Query, What can have been the purpose for which + these laborious works can have been executed?</p> + + <p class="author">J. S. S.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>PRONUNCIATION OF "HUMBLE."</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. viii., pp. 229. 298.)</p> + + <p>It is my misfortune entirely to differ from <span class="sc">Mr. + Dawson</span> (p. 229.) and <span class="sc">Mr. Crossley</span> (p. + 298.) as to the pronunciation of <i>humble</i>; and permit me to say + (with all courtesy) that I was unfeignedly surprised at the latter's + assertion, that sounding <!-- Page 394 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page394"></a>{394}</span>the <i>h</i> is "a recent attempt to + introduce a mispronunciation," as I have known that mode of pronunciation + all but universally prevalent for nearly the last forty years; and I have + had pretty good opportunities for observing what the general usage in + that respect was, as I was for some years at a very large public school, + then at Oxford for more than the usual time, and have since resided in + London more than twenty-five years, practising as a barrister in + Westminster Hall, and on one of the largest circuits. If, therefore, I + have not had ample means of judging as to the pronunciation of + <i>humble</i>, I know not where the means are to be found; especially as + I doubt whether <i>humble</i> and <i>humbly</i> are anywhere so + frequently used as in courts: a counsel rarely making a speech without + "<i>humbly</i> submitting" or making a "<i>humble</i> application." Now + the result of my experience is, that the <i>h</i> is almost universally + sounded; and at this moment I cannot call to mind a single gentleman who + omits it, who does not also omit it in many other instances where no + doubt can exist that it ought to be sounded.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Mr. Dawson</span> believes the sounding the <i>h</i> + to be "one of those, either Oxford, or Cambridge, or both, peculiarities + of which no reasonable explanation can be given." Now I believe <span + class="sc">Mr. Dawson</span> is right in supposing that that usage is + general both at Oxford and Cambridge, and I rather think that not only an + explanation of the fact may be given, but that the fact itself, that in + both the Universities the <i>h</i> is sounded, is extremely cogent + evidence that it is correct. It cannot be doubted that the fact that a + word is spelled with certain letters is clear proof that, at the time + when that spelling was adopted, the word was so sounded as to give a + distinct sound to each of the letters used, and that clearly must have + been the case with words beginning with <i>h</i> especially. When, + therefore, the present spelling of <i>humble</i> was adopted, the + <i>h</i> was sounded. Now, whilst I freely admit that the utterance of + any word may be changed—"Si volet usus, quem penes arbitrium est, + et jus et norma loquendi"—still it cannot be questioned that the + usage must be so general, clear, and distinct among the better educated + classes (where-ever they may have received their education) as to leave + no reasonable doubt about the matter; and that it lies on those who + assert that such a change has taken place, to show such a usage as I have + mentioned. And when the number of the members of the Universities is + considered, and their position as men of education, it must at least + admit of doubt whether, if a general usage prevailed among them to + pronounce a particular word in the manner in which it originally was + pronounced, this would not alone prevent a different pronunciation among + others from having that general prevalence, which would be sufficient to + justify a change in the utterance of such word.</p> + + <p>But let us consider whether the usage of the Universities is not very + cogent evidence that the <i>h</i> is generally sounded throughout + England, 1. Each University contains a large number of the higher and + better educated classes. 2. The members come from all parts of England + indiscriminately. 3. Infinitely the majority come from schools; and some + of the large schools have generally many members at each University. By + such persons the pronunciation of the schools cannot fail to be + represented. 4. Every one on entering the University is expected at least + to know his own language. 5. There is no instruction, as far as I know + (however much the fact may be to be regretted), ever given in English at + either University. 6. There is a perpetual change of about a third of the + members every year, few remaining above three years. Now can any one, who + candidly considers these facts, doubt that a usage in pronouncing a + particular word at <i>either</i> University if generally prevalent, is + very strong evidence that the same usage is generally prevalent + throughout England; but if any one does entertain such a doubt, surely it + must be done away, when he finds that the same usage prevails at + <i>both</i> Universities; though there exists such a degree of rivalry + between them as would prevent the one from adopting from the other any + usage which was liable to any the least doubt, and though there is no + communication between them that could account for the same usage + prevailing in both.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Mr. Crossley</span> appeals to the Prayer Book as a + decisive authority, and instances "an <i>humble</i>," &c. If any one + will examine the Prayer Book, he will find that it is no authority at + all; as "an" is at least as often used erroneously before <i>h</i> as + not. In reading over the first sixty-eight Psalms, I found the following + instances—Ps. xxvii. 3. and Ps. xxxiii. 15., "An host of men;" Ps. + xlvii. 4. and Ps. lxi. 5., "An heritage;" Ps. xlix. 18., "An happy man," + Ps. lv. 5., "An horrible dread;" Ps. lxviii. 15., "An high hill." And in + the same Psalms I only found <i>one</i> instance of <i>a</i> before + <i>h</i>, viz. in Ps. xxxiii. 16., "A horse;" and in this case the Bible + version has "An horse." In the first Lesson for the 19th Sunday after + Trinity, Dan. iii. 4., "An herald," and 27., "An hair of their head," + occur; and in the next chapter (iv. 13.), "An holy one." It is plain from + these instances (and doubtless many others may be found), that the use of + "an" before <i>h</i>, in the Bible or Prayer Book, can afford no test + whatever whether the <i>h</i> ought to be sounded or not.</p> + + <p class="author">S. G. C.</p> + + <p>After the sensible Note of your correspondent E. H., it is perhaps + hardly necessary to say more on the subject of aspirated and mute + <i>h</i>. If these remarks, therefore, seem superfluous, they may easily + be suppressed, and that too without any offence to the writer. <!-- Page + 395 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page395"></a>{395}</span></p> + + <p>It is very dangerous to dogmatise on the English language. We really + have no authority to which we can confidently appeal, except the usage of + good society: "Quem penes arbitrium est, et jus et norma loquendi." + Unfortunately, however, every man is convinced, that in <i>his own</i> + society that usage is to be found; and your correspondents, who have + agreed in approving the <i>Heapian</i> pronunciation, will probably, on + that ground, still retain the same opinion.</p> + + <p>The only words in the English language, in which <i>h</i> is written, + but not pronounced, are words derived from Latin through the French; but + of these, many in English retain the aspirate, though in French nearly + all lose it. The exceptions collected by E. H. satisfactorily prove that + we do not follow the French rule implicitly. They indeed carry the + non-aspiration farther than to words of Latin derivation. They omit the + aspirate to nearly all words derived from Greek. This we never do. I + think that E. H.'s rule, of always aspirating <i>h</i> before <i>u</i>, + is not entirely without exceptions. Except in Ireland, I never heard + <i>humour</i> or <i>humorous</i> aspirated, though in <i>humid</i> and + <i>humect</i> the <i>h</i> is always sounded. If this be right, it + depends solely on the usage of good society, and not on rules laid down + by Walker or Lindley Murray, whose authority we do <i>not</i> acknowledge + as infallible. I may here remark, that no arguments can be drawn from our + Liturgy or translation of the Bible that would not prove too much. If, + because we find in our Liturgy "an <i>humble</i>, lowly, and obedient + heart," we are to read "an <i>'umble</i>," we must also read "an 'undred, + an 'ouse, an 'eap, an 'eart;" for <i>an</i> was prefixed in our Liturgy + as well as in our translated Bible to <i>every</i> word beginning with + <i>h</i>, and not (as one of your correspondents supposes) only to words + beginning with silent <i>h</i>. Among young clergymen there is a growing + habit (derived I suppose from Walker, or other such sources) of indulging + in the <i>Heapian</i> dialect. I think Mr. Dickens will have done us more + good by his ridicule, than will ever be effected by serious arguments; + and I feel as much obliged to him as to E. H. To show how dangerous it is + to be bound by a mere grammarian authority, a disciple of Vaugelas or + Restaut (no insignificant names in French philology) would be led to read + <i>les héros</i> as if it were "les zéros."</p> + + <p class="author">E. C. H.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>SCHOOL LIBRARIES.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. viii., p. 220.)</p> + + <p>I can answer <span class="sc">Mr. Weld Taylor</span> for at least one + public school having no library, nor any books for other purposes than + tasks, <i>i.e.</i> Christ's Hospital, London: whether any other + metropolitan schools are provided with books I do not know. When I was at + the above school, at all events, we had no books except for learning out + of; whether reform has crept in since I was there, twenty-five years ago, + I cannot say. I speak of then, not now.</p> + + <p>I remember very well a dusty cupboard with "Read, Mark, Learn," + painted in ostentatious letters on it. And these profound words were just + like a park gate with high iron railings, where you may peep in and get + no farther—no more could we: for we never saw the inside of it, and + nobody could say where the key was, therefore what flowery + <i>pleasaunce</i> of knowledge it contained nobody perhaps knows to this + day. I also remember how greedily any entertaining book was borrowed, + begged, and circulated; and thumbed and dog's-eared to admiration. + <i>Rasselas</i> and <i>Gulliver's Travels</i>, <i>Robinson Crusoe</i>, or + <i>Sandford and Merton</i>, poor things! they became at last what might + be supposed a public arsenal of umbrellas would at the last.</p> + + <p>When I reflect on that time, and the dreary winter's evenings, + trundled to bed almost by daylight, my very heart sinks. What a luxury if + some Christian had been allowed to read aloud for an hour, instead of + lying awake studying the ghastly lamp that swung from the ceiling in the + dormitory; or if some one with a modicum of information had given half an + hour's lecture on some entertaining branch of science. Perhaps these + antique schools are reformed in some measure, or perhaps they are waiting + till their betters are.</p> + + <p>I observe, however, that certain parish work-house schools have, + within these few days, taken the hint. Perhaps our public schools, for + some are very wealthy, may be able to afford to follow their example.</p> + + <p class="author">E. H.</p> + + <p class="address">Wimborne Minster, Dorset.</p> + + <p>Marlborough College possesses a library of about four thousand + volumes, entirely the munificent contribution of Mr. M<sup>c</sup>Geachy, + one of the council. The boys of the fifth and sixth forms are allowed + access daily at certain fixed hours, the librarian being present. In + addition to this, libraries are now being formed in each house, which are + maintained by small half-yearly subscriptions, and which will contain + books of a more amusing character, and better suited for the younger + boys.</p> + + <p class="author">B. J.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE.</h3> + + <p><i>Albumenized Paper.</i>—If this subject be not already + exhausted, the following account of my method of preparing the material + in question, which differs in some few important particulars from any I + have seen published, may be of interest to some of my brother operators. + <!-- Page 396 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page396"></a>{396}</span></p> + + <p>I have, after a very considerable number of experiments, succeeded in + producing the <i>very highly</i> varnished appearance so conspicuous in + some of the foreign proofs; and although I cannot say I admire it in + general, more especially as regards landscapes, yet it is sometimes very + effective for portraits, giving a depth of tone to the shadows, and a + roundness to the flesh, which is very striking. Moreover, a photographer + may just as well be acquainted with every kind of manipulation connected + with the art.</p> + + <p>Having but a very moderate amount of spare time, and that at uncertain + intervals, to devote to this seductive pursuit, I am always a great + stickler for <i>economy of time</i> in all the processes, as well as for + economy of material, the former with me having, perhaps, a shade more + influence than the latter.</p> + + <p>As in all other processes, I find that the <i>kind of paper</i> made + use of has a most important bearing upon the result. That which I find + the best is of French manufacture, known as Canson Frères' (both the thin + and the thick sorts), probably in consequence of their being sized with + starch. The thin sort (the same as is generally used for waxed-paper + negatives) takes the highest polish, but more readily embrowns after + being rendered sensitive, and the lights are not ever quite so white as + when the positive paper is used.</p> + + <p>In order to save both time and labour, I prepare my papers in the + <i>largest</i> sizes that circumstances will admit of, as it takes little + or no more time to prepare and render sensitive a large sheet than a + small one; and as I always apply the silver solution by means of the + glass rod, I find that a half-sheet of Canson's paper (being seventeen + inches by eleven inches the half-sheet) is the best size to operate on. + If the whole sheet is used, it requires <i>more</i> than double the + quantity of solution to ensure its being properly covered, which + additional quantity is simply so much waste.</p> + + <p>A most convenient holder for the paper whilst being operated upon, is + one suggested by Mr. Horne of Newgate Street, and consists of a piece of + half-inch Quebec yellow pine plank (a soft kind of deal), eleven inches + by seventeen inches, screwed to a somewhat larger piece of the same kind, + but with the grain of the wood at right angles to the upper piece, in + order to preserve a perfectly flat surface. On to the upper piece is + glued a covering of japanned-flannel, such as is used for covering + tables, taking care to select for the purpose that which has no raised + pattern, the imitation of rosewood or mahogany being unexceptionable on + that account. The paper can be readily secured to the arrangement alluded + to by means of a couple of pins, one at each of two opposite angles, the + wood being sufficiently soft to admit of their ready penetration.</p> + + <p><i>To prepare the Albumen.</i>—Take the white of <i>one</i> egg; + this dissolve in one ounce of distilled water, two grains of chloride of + sodium (common salt), and two grains of <i>grape</i> sugar; mix with the + egg, whip the whole to froth, and allow it to stand until it again + liquefies. The object of this operation is to thoroughly incorporate the + ingredients, and render the whole as homogeneous as possible.</p> + + <p>A variety in the resulting tone is produced by using ten grains of + sugar of milk instead of the grape sugar.</p> + + <p>The albumen mixture is then laid on to the paper by means of a flat + camel's-hair brush, about three inches broad, the mixture being first + poured into a cheese plate, or other flat vessel, and all froth and + bubbles carefully removed from the surface. Four longitudinal strokes + with such a brush, if properly done, will cover the whole half-sheet of + paper with an even thin film; but in case there are any lines formed, the + brush may be passed very lightly over it again in a direction at right + angles to the preceding. The papers should then be allowed to remain on a + perfectly level surface until nearly dry, when they may be suspended for + a few minutes before the fire, to complete the operation. In this + condition the glass is but moderate, and as is generally used; but if, + after the first drying before the fire, the papers are again subjected to + precisely the same process, the negative paper will shine like polished + glass. That is coated again with the albumenizing mixture, and dried as + before.</p> + + <p>One egg, with the ounce of water, &c., is enough to cover five + half-sheets with two layers, or five whole sheets with one.</p> + + <p>I rarely iron my papers, as I do not find any advantage therein, + because the moment the silver solution is applied the albumen becomes + coagulated, and I cannot discover the slightest difference in the final + result, except that when the papers are ironed I sometimes find flaws and + spots occur from some carelessness in the ironing process.</p> + + <p>If the albumenized paper is intended to be kept for any <i>long</i> + time before use, the ironing may be useful as a protection against + moisture, provided the <i>iron be sufficiently hot</i>; but the + temperature ought to be considerable.</p> + + <p>To render the paper sensitive, I use a hundred-grain solution of + nitrate of silver, of which forty-five minims will exactly cover the + sheet of seventeen inches by eleven inches, if laid on with the glass + rod. A weaker solution will do, but with the above splendid tints may be + produced. As to the ammonio-nitrate of silver, I have totally abandoned + its use, and, after many careful experiments, I am satisfied that its + extra sensitiveness is a delusion, while the rapid tendency of paper + prepared with it to spoil is increased tenfold.</p> + + <p>The fixing, of course, modifies considerably the tone of the proof, + but almost any desired shade <!-- Page 397 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page397"></a>{397}</span>may be attained by following the plan of + <span class="sc">Mr. F. M. Lyte</span>, published in "N. & Q.," + provided the negative is sufficiently intense to admit of a considerable + degree of over-printing.</p> + + <p>It is a fact which appears to be entirely overlooked by many + operators, that the <i>intensity</i> of the negative is the chief agent + in conducing to black tones in the positive proof; and it is almost + impossible to produce them if the negative is poor and weak: and the same + observation applies to a negative that has been <i>over</i>-exposed.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Geo. Shadbolt.</span></p> + + <p><i>Cement for Glass Baths.</i>—The best I have tried is Canada + balsam. My baths I have had in use five years, and have used them for + exciting, developing hypo. and cyanide, and are as good as when first + used.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Noxid.</span></p> + + <p><i>New Process for Positive Proofs.</i>—I have tried a method of + preparing my paper for positive proofs, which, as I have not seen it + mentioned as employed by others, and the results appear to me very + satisfactory, I am induced to communicate to you, and to accompany by + some specimens, which will enable you to judge of the amount of + success.</p> + + <p>I use a glass cylinder, with air-pump attached, such as that described + by <span class="sc">Mr. Stewart</span> as employed by him for iodizing + his paper. I put in this the salt solution, and that I use is thus + composed: 2 drachms of sugar of milk, dissolved in 20 ounces of water, + adding—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Chloride of barium 15 grs.</p> + <p>Chloride of sodium 15 grs.</p> + <p>Chloride of ammonium 15 grs.</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>In this I plunge several sheets of paper rolled into a coil (taking + care that they are covered by the solution), and exhaust the air. I leave + them thus for a few minutes, then take them out and hang them up to dry; + or as the sheets are rather difficult to pin, from the paper giving way, + spread them on a frame, across which any common kind of coarse muslin or + tarletan, such as that I inclose, is stretched.</p> + + <p>I excite with ammonio-nitrate of silver, 30 grains to 1 ounce of + water, applied with a flat brush.</p> + + <p>I fix in a bath of plain hypo. of the strength of one-sixth. The bath + in which the inclosed specimens were fixed has been in use for some + little time, and therefore has acquired chloride of silver.</p> + + <p>I previously prepared my paper by <i>brushing</i> it with the same + salt solution, and the difference of effect produced may be seen by + comparing a proof so obtained, which I inclose, with the others. This + latter is of rather a reddish-brown, and not very agreeable tint. I have + inclosed the proofs as printed on paper of Whatman, Turner, and Canson + Frères, so as to show the effect in each case. The advantages which the + mode I have detailed possesses are, I think, these:</p> + + <p>Greater sensitiveness in the paper,</p> + + <p>A good black tint, and</p> + + <p>Greater freedom from spots and blemishes, all very material + merits.</p> + + <p class="author">C. E. F.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[Our Correspondent has forwarded five specimens, four of which are + certainly very satisfactory, the fifth is the one prepared by + brushing.]</p> + +</div> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Replies to Minor Queries.</h2> + + <p><i>The Groaning Elm-plank in Dublin</i> (Vol. viii., p. + 309.).—<span class="sc">Dr. Rimbault</span> has given an account of + the groaning-board, one of the popular delusions of two centuries ago: + the following notice of it, extracted from my memoir of Sir Thomas + Molyneux, Bart., M.D., and published in the <i>Dublin University</i> for + September, 1841, may interest your readers:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"In one of William Molyneux's communications he mentions the + exhibition of 'the groaning elm-plank' in Dublin, a curiosity that + attracted much attention and many learned speculations about the years + 1682 and 1683. He was, however, too much of a philosopher to be gulled + with the rest of the people who witnessed this so-called 'sensible + elm-plank,' which is said to have groaned and trembled on the application + of a hot iron to one end of it. After explaining the probable cause of + the noise and tremulousness by its form and condition, and by the sap + being made to pass up through the pores or tubuli of the plank which was + in some particular condition, he says: 'But, Tom, the generality of + mankind is lazy and unthoughtful, and will not trouble themselves to + think of the reason of a thing: when they have a brief way of explaining + anything that is strange by saying, "The devil's in it," what need they + trouble their heads about pores, and matters, and motion, figure, and + disposition, when the devil and a witch shall solve the phenomena of + nature.'"</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. R. Wilde.</span></p> + + <p><i>Passage in Whiston</i> (Vol. viii., p. 244.).—J. T. complains + of not being able to find a passage in Whiston, which he says is referred + to in p. 94. of <i>Taylor on Original Sin</i>, Lond. 1746. I do not know + what Taylor he refers to. Jeremy Taylor wrote a treatise on original sin; + but he lived before Whiston. I have looked into two editions of the + <i>Scripture Doctrine of Original Sin</i>, by John Taylor, one of Lond. + 1741, and another of Lond. 1750; but in neither of these can I find any + mention of Mr. Whiston.</p> + + <p class="author"><span title="Halieus" class="grk">Ἁλιεύς</span>.</p> + + <p class="address">Dublin.</p> + + <p>"<i>When Orpheus went down</i>" (Vol. viii., pp. 196. 281.).—In + addition to the information given upon this old song by <span + class="sc">Mr. Oldenshaw</span>, I beg to add the following. It was + written for and sung <!-- Page 398 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page398"></a>{398}</span>by Mr. Beard, in a pantomimic + entertainment entitled <i>Orpheus and Euridice</i>, acted at the theatre + in Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1740. The author of the entertainment was Mr. + Henry Sommer, but the song in question was "translated from the Spanish" + by the Rev. Dr. Samuel Lisle, who died Rector of Burclere, Hants, 1767. + It was long very popular, and is found in almost all the song-books of + the latter half of the last century. Mr. Park, the editor of the last + edition of Ritson's <i>English Songs</i> (vol. ii. p. 153.), has the + following note upon this song:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"An answer to this has been written in the way of echo, and in defence + of the fair sex, whom the Spanish author treated with such libellous + sarcasm."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>As this "echo song" is not given by Ritson or his editor, I have + transcribed it from a broadside in my collection. It is said to have been + written by a lady.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"When Orpheus went down to the regions below,</p> + <p class="i1">To bring back the wife that he lov'd,</p> + <p>Old Pluto, confounded, as histories show,</p> + <p class="i1">To find that his music so mov'd:</p> + <p>That a woman so good, so virtuous, and fair,</p> + <p class="i1">Should be by a man thus trepann'd,</p> + <p>To give up her freedom for sorrow and care,</p> + <p class="i1">He own'd she deserv'd to be damn'd.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"For punishment he never study'd a whit,</p> + <p class="i1">The torments of hell had not pain</p> + <p>Sufficient to curse her; so Pluto thought fit</p> + <p class="i1">Her husband should have her again.</p> + <p>But soon he compassion'd the woman's hard fate,</p> + <p class="i1">And, knowing of mankind so well,</p> + <p>He recall'd her again, before 'twas too late,</p> + <p class="i1">And said, she'd be happier in hell."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Edward F. Rimbault.</span></p> + + <p><i>Foreign Medical Education</i> (Vol. viii., p. 341.).—Your + correspondent <span class="sc">Medicus</span> will find some information + respecting <i>some</i> of the foreign universities in the <i>Lancet</i> + for 1849, and the <i>Medical Times and Gazette</i> for 1852. For France + he will find all he wants in Dr. Roubaud's <i>Annuaire Médical et + Pharmaceutique de la France</i>, published by Baillière, 219. Regent + Street.</p> + + <p class="author">M. D.</p> + + <p>"<i>Short red, good red</i>" (Vol. viii., p. 182.).—Sir Walter + has probably borrowed this saying from the story of Bishop Walchere, when + he related the murder of Adam, Bishop of Caithness. This tragical event + is told in the <i>Chronicle of Mailros</i>, under the year 1222; also in + <i>Forduni Scotichronicon</i>, and in Wyntoun's <i>Chronicle</i>, book + vii. c. ix.; but the words "short red, good red," do not appear in these + accounts of the transaction.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. Mn.</span></p> + + <p><i>Collar of SS.</i> (Vols. iv.-vii. <i>passim</i>).—At the risk + of frightening you and your correspondents, I venture to resume this + subject, in consequence of a circumstance to which my attention has just + been directed.</p> + + <p>In the parish church of Swarkestone in Derbyshire there is a monument + to Richard Harpur, one of the judges of the Court of Common Pleas in the + reign of Elizabeth; on which he is represented in full judicial costume, + with the collar of SS., which I am told by the minister of the parish is + "distinctly delineated." It may be seen in Fairholt's <i>Costumes of + England</i>, p. 278.</p> + + <p>As far as I am aware, this is the only instance, either on monuments + or in portraits, of a <i>puisne</i> judge being ornamented with this + decoration. Can any of your correspondents produce another example? or + can they account, from any other cause, for Richard Harpur receiving such + a distinction? or may I not rather attribute it to the blunder of the + sculptor?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Edward Foss.</span></p> + + <p><i>Who first thought of Table-turning</i> (Vol. viii., p. + 57.).—It is impossible to say who discovered the table-turning + experiment, but it undoubtedly had its origin in the United States. It + was practised here three years ago, and, although sometimes associated + with spirit-rappings, has more frequently served for amusement. On this + connexion it may be proper to say that Professor Faraday's theory of + unconscious muscular force meets with no concurrence among those who know + anything about the subject in this country. It is notorious that large + tables have been moved frequently by five or six persons, whose fingers + merely touched them, although upon each was seated a stout man, weighing + a hundred and fifty or sixty pounds: neither involuntary nor voluntary + muscular force could have effected <i>that</i> physical movement, when + there was no other <i>purchase</i> on the table than that which could be + gained by a pressure of the tips of the fingers.</p> + + <p class="author"><a href="images/oldew.png"><img src="images/oldew.png" class="middle" style="height:2ex" alt="Old English W" /></a>.</p> + + <p class="address">Philadelphia.</p> + + <p><i>Passage of Thucydides on the Greek Factions</i> (Vol. vii., p. + 594.; Vol. viii., pp. 44. 137.).—My attempt to find the passage + attributed by Sir A. Alison to Thucydides in the real Thucydides was + unsuccessful for the best of reasons, viz. that it does not exist there. + He has probably borrowed it from some modern author, who, as it appears + to me, has given a loose paraphrase of the words which I cited from + <i>Thucyd.</i> <span class="scac">III.</span> 82., and has expanded the + thought in a manner not uncommon with some writers, by adding the + expression about the "sword and poniard." Some other misquotations of Sir + A. Alison from the classical writers may be seen in the <i>Edinburgh + Review</i> for April last, No. CXCVIII. p. 275.</p> + + <p class="author">L.</p> + + <p><i>Origin of "Clipper" as applied to Vessels</i> (Vol. viii., p. + 100.).—For many years the fleetest sailing vessels built in the + United States were <!-- Page 399 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page399"></a>{399}</span>constructed at Baltimore. They were very + sharp, long, low; and their masts were inclined at a much greater angle + than usual with those in other vessels. Fast sailing pilot boats and + schooners were thus rigged; and in the last war with England, privateers + of the Baltimore build were universally famed for their swiftness and + superior sailing qualities. "A Baltimore clipper" became the expression + among shipbuilders for a vessel of peculiar make; in the construction of + which, fleetness was considered of more importance than a carrying + capacity. When the attention of naval architects was directed to the + construction of swift sailing ships, they were compelled to adopt the + clipper shape. Hence the title "Clipper Ship," which has now extended + from America to England.</p> + + <p class="author"><a href="images/oldew.png"><img src="images/oldew.png" class="middle" style="height:2ex" alt="Old English W" /></a>.</p> + + <p class="address">Philadelphia.</p> + + <p><i>Passage in Tennyson</i> (Vol. viii., p. 244.).—In the third + edition of <i>In Memoriam</i>, <span class="scac">LXXXIX.</span>, 1850, + the last line mentioned by W. T. M. is "Flits by the sea-blue bird of + March," instead of "blue sea-bird." This reading appears to be a better + one. I would suggest that the bird meant by Tennyson was the Tom-tit, + who, from his restlessness, may be said to flit among the bushes.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">F. M. Middleton.</span></p> + + <p><i>Huet's Navigations of Solomon</i> (Vol. vii., p. 381.).—This + work of the learned Bishop of Avranches was written in Latin, and + translated into French by J. B. Desrockes de Parthenay. It forms part of + the second volume of a collection of treatises edited by Bruzen de la + Martinière, under the title of <i>Traités Géographiques et Historiques + pour faciliter l'intelligence de l'Ecriture Sainte, par divers auteurs + célèbres</i>, 1730, 2 vols. 12mo.</p> + + <p>I am unable to reply to <span class="sc">Edina</span>'s second Query, + as to the result of Huet's assertions.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Henry H. Breen.</span></p> + + <p class="address">St. Lucia.</p> + + <p><i>Sincere</i> (Vol. viii., pp. 195. 328.).—The derivation of + this word from <i>sine cerâ</i> appears very fanciful. If this were the + correct derivation, we should expect to find <i>sinecere</i>, for the + <i>e</i> would scarcely be dropped; just as we have the English word + <i>sinecure</i>, which is the only compound of the preposition + <i>sine</i> I know; and is itself <i>not a Latin word</i>, but of a later + coinage. Some give as the derivation <i>semel</i> and <span title="keraô" class="grk" + >κεράω</span>—that is, once mixed, + without adulteration; the <span title="e" class="grk">ε</span> + being lengthened, as the Greek <span title="akêratos" class="grk" + >ἀκήρατος</span>. The + proper spelling would then be <i>simcerus</i>, and euphonically + <i>sincerus</i>: thus we have <i>sim-plex</i>, which does not mean + without a fold, but (<i>semel plico</i>, <span title="plekô" class="grk" + >πλέκω</span>) once folded. So also + <i>singulus</i>, semel and termination. The proper meaning may be from + tablets, <i>ceratæ tabellæ</i>, which were "once smeared with wax" and + then written upon; they were then <i>sinceræ</i>, without forgery or + deception. If they were in certain places covered with wax again, for the + purpose of adding something secretly and deceptively, they cease to be + <i>sinceræ</i>.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. T. Jeffcock.</span></p> + + <p><span class="scac"><span class="grk">Π</span>. <span + class="grk">Β</span>.</span> asks me for some authority for the + alleged practice of Roman potters (or crock-vendors) to rub wax into the + flaws of their unsound vessels. This was the very burden of my Query! I + am no proficient in the Latin classics: yet I think I know enough to + predicate that <span class="scac"><span class="grk">Π</span>. <span + class="grk">Β</span>.</span> is wrong in his version of the + line—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Sincerum est nisi vas, quodcunque infundis acescit."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>I understand this line as referring to the notorious fact, that some + liquors turn sour if the air gets to them from without. "Sincerum vas" is + a sound or air-tight vessel. In another place (<i>Sat.</i>, lib. i. 3.), + Horace employs the same figure, where he says that we "call evil good, + and good evil," figuring the sentiment thus:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"At nos virtutes ipsas invertimus, atque</p> + <p>Sincerum cupimus vas <i>incrustare</i>"—</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>meaning, of course, that we bring the vessel into suspicion, by + treating it as if it were flawed. Dryden, no doubt, knew the radical + meaning of <i>sincere</i> when he wrote the lines cited by Johnson:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"He try'd a tough well-chosen spear;</p> + <p>Th' inviolable body stood sincere."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p class="author"><span class="sc">C. Mansfield Ingleby.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Birmingham.</p> + + <p><i>The Saltpetre Man</i> (Vol. viii., p. 225.).—In addition to + the curious particulars of this office, I send you an extract from Abp. + Laud's <i>Diary</i>:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"December 13, Monday. I received letters from Brecknock; that the + <i>saltpeter man</i> was dead and buried the Sunday before the messenger + came. This <i>saltpeter man</i> had digged in the Colledge Church for his + work, bearing too bold upon his commission. The news of it came to me to + London about November 26. I went to my Lord Keeper, and had a messenger + sent to bring him up to answer that sacrilegious abuse. He prevented his + punishment by death."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">John S. Burn.</span></p> + + <p><i>Major André</i> (Vol. viii., p. 174.).—There is in the + picture gallery of <span class="correction" title="Original reads `Yule'" + >Yale</span> College, New Haven, Conn., an original sketch of Major + André, executed by himself with pen and ink, and without the aid of a + glass. It was drawn in his guard-room on the morning of the day first + fixed for his execution.</p> + + <p class="author">J. E.</p> + + <p><i>Longevity</i> (Vol. viii., p. 182.).—<span class="sc">A + Doubter</span> is informed that the <i>National Intelligencer</i> + (published at Washington, and edited by Messrs. Gales and Seaton) is the + authority for my statement respecting Mrs. Singleton, and her advanced + age. If <span class="sc">A Doubter</span> is desirous of satisfying + himself more fully respecting its correctness, he has but <!-- Page 400 + --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page400"></a>{400}</span>to write to + the above-named gentlemen, or to the English Consul at Charleston, S. C., + and his wish will doubtless be gratified. I cannot but hope that your + correspondent's "fifty cents worth of reasons" for doubting my statement + is now, or shortly will be, removed.</p> + + <p>If <span class="sc">A Doubter</span> intends to be in New York while + the present Exhibition is open, he will have an opportunity of seeing a + negro of the age of <i>one hundred and twenty-four</i>, who once belonged + to General Washington, and from whom he could very possibly obtain some + information respecting the aged "nurse" of the first President of the + United States mentioned in his note.</p> + + <p class="author">W. W.</p> + + <p class="address">Malta.</p> + + <p><i>Passage in Virgil</i> (Vol. viii., p. 370.).—The passage for + which your correspondent <span class="sc">R. Fitzsimons</span> makes + inquiry is to be found in the Eighth Eclogue, at the 44th and following + lines:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Nunc scio quid sit Amor," &c.</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>The application by Johnson seems to be so plain as to need no + explanation.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">F. B—w.</span></p> + + <p><i>Love Charm from a Foal's Forehead</i> (Vol. viii., p. + 292.).—Your correspondent H. P. will find the love charm, + consisting of a fig-shaped excrescence on a foal's forehead, and called + <i>Hippomanes</i>, alluded to by Juvenal, <i>Sat.</i> <span + class="scac">VI.</span> 133.:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Hippomanes, carmenque loquar, coctumque venenum,</p> + <p>Privignoque datum?"</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>And again, 615.:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i6hg3">"ut avunculus ille Neronis,</p> + <p>Cui totam tremuli frontem Cæsonia pulli</p> + <p>Infudit."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>It was supposed that the dam swallowed this excrescence immediately on + the birth of her foal, and that, if prevented doing so, she lost all + affection for it.</p> + + <p>However, the name Hippomanes was applied to two other things. + Theocritus (<span class="scac">II.</span> 48.) uses it to signify some + herb which incites horses to madness if they eat of it.</p> + + <p>And again, Virgil (<i>Geor.</i> <span class="scac">III.</span> 280.), + Propertius, Tibullus, Ovid, &c., represent it as a certain + <i>virus</i>:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Hippomanes cupidæ stillat ab inguine equæ."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>The subject is an unpleasant one, and H. P. is referred for farther + information to Pliny, <span class="scac">VIII.</span> 42. s. 66., and + <span class="scac">XXVIII.</span> 11. s. 80.</p> + + <p class="author">H. C. K.</p> + + <p>This lump was called <i>Hippomanes</i>; which also more truly + designated, according to Virgil, another thing. The following paragraphs + from Mr. Keightley's excellent <i>Notes on Virgil's Bucolics and + Georgics</i> will fully explain both meanings:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"<i>Hippomanes</i>, horse-rage: the pale yellow fluid which passes + from a mare at that season [<i>i. e.</i> when she is horsing] (cf. + <i>Tibul.</i> <span class="scac">II.</span> 4. 58.), of which the smell + (<i>aura</i>, v. 251.) incites the horse.</p> + + <p>"<i>Vero nomine.</i> Because the bit of flesh which was said to be on + the forehead of the new-born foal, and which the mare was supposed to + swallow, was called by the same name (see <i>Æn.</i> <span + class="scac">IV.</span> 515.); and also a plant in Arcadia + (<i>Theocr.</i> <span class="scac">II.</span> 48.). With respect to the + former Hippomanes, Pliny, who detailed truth and falsehood with equal + faith, says (<span class="scac">VIII.</span> 42.) that it grows on the + foal's forehead; is of the size of a dried fig (<i>carica</i>), and of a + black colour; and that if the mare does not swallow it immediately, she + will not let the foal suck her. Aristotle (<i>H. A.</i>, <span + class="scac">VIII.</span> 24.) says this is merely an old wives' tale. He + mentions, however, the <span title="pôlion" class="grk" + >πώλιον</span>, or bit of livid flesh, + which we call the foal's bit, and which he says the mare ejects before + the foal."—<i>Notes, &c.</i>, p. 273. on <i>Georgic.</i> <span + class="scac">III.</span> 280. ff.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>With regard to the plant called <i>Hippomanes</i>, commentators, as + may be seen from Kiessling's note on Theocritus, ii. 48., are by no means + agreed. Certainly Andrews, in his edition of Freund, is wrong in + referring Virgil <i>Georgic.</i> <span class="scac">III.</span> 283. to + that meaning. The use of <i>legere</i> probably misled.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">E. S. Jackson.</span></p> + + <p><i>Wardhouse, where was?</i> (Vol. viii., p. 78.).—It probably + is the same as Wardoehuus or Vardoehus, a district and town in Norwegian + Finmark, on the shores of the Arctic Ocean, inhabited principally by + fishermen.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. C. Trevelyan.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Wallington.</p> + + <p><i>Divining Rod</i> (Vol. viii., p. 293.).—The inquirer should + read the statement made by Dr. Herbert Mayo, in his letters <i>On the + Truths contained in Popular Superstitions</i>, 1851, pp. 3-21. To the + facts there recorded I may add, that I have heard Mr. Dawson Turner + relate that he himself saw the experiment of the divining rod + satisfactorily carried out in the hands of Lady Noel Byron; and some + account of it is to be found, I believe, in an article by Sir F. + Palgrave, in the <i>Quarterly Review</i>.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="grk">μ</span>.</p> + + <p><i>Waugh, Bishop of Carlisle</i> (Vol. viii., p. 271.).—His arms + are engraved on a plate dedicated to him by Willis, in his <i>Survey of + the Cathedrals of England</i>, 1742, vol. i. p. 284., and appear thus, + <i>Argent, on a chevron gules, three besants</i>; but in a MS. collection + by the late Canon Rowling of Lichfield, relating to bishops' arms, I find + his coat thus given,—<i>Argent, on a chevron engrailed gules, three + besants</i>. The variation may have arisen from an error of the engraver. + It appears from Willis that Dr. Waugh was a fellow of Queen's College, + Oxford; and the entry of his matriculation would no doubt show in what + part of England his family resided. He was successively Rector of St. + Peter's, Cornhill; Prebendary of Lincoln; Dean of Gloucester; and Bishop + of <!-- Page 401 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page401"></a>{401}</span>Carlisle; to which latter dignity he was + promoted in August, 1723.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="grk">μ</span>.</p> + + <p><i>Pagoda</i> (Vol. v., p. 415.).—The European word pagoda is + most probably derived, by transposition of the syllables, from + <i>da-go-ba</i>, which is the Pali or Sanscrit name for a Budhist temple. + It appears probable that the Portuguese first adopted the word in Ceylon, + the modern holy isle of Budhism.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Ph.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Rangoon.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h3>BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE.</h3> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">Ford's Handbook of Spain.</span> Vol. I.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">Austin Cheironomia.</span></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">Rev. E. Irving's Orations on Death, Judgment, Heaven, and Hell.</span></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">Thomas Gardener's History of Dunwich.</span></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">Marsh's History of Hursley and Baddesley.</span> About 1805. 8vo. Two Copies.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">Oswalli Crollii Opera.</span> 12mo. Geneva, 1635.</p> + </div> + </div> +<p class="cenhead">PAMPHLETS.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">Junius Discovered.</span> By P. T. Published about 1789.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">Reasons for rejecting the Evidence of Mr. Almon</span>, &c. 1807.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">Another Guess at Junius.</span> Hookham. 1809.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">The Author of Junius Discovered.</span> Longmans. 1821.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">The Claims of Sir P. Francis refuted.</span> Longmans. 1822.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">Who was Junius?</span> Glynn. 1837.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">Some New Facts</span>, &c., by Sir F. Dwarris. 1850.</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, <i>carriage + free</i>, to be sent to <span class="sc">Mr. Bell</span>, Publisher of + "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + + <p>Particulars of Price, &c. of the following Books to be sent direct + to the gentlemen by whom they are required, and whose names and addresses + are given for that purpose:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">A Register of Elections</span>, by H. S. Smith, of Leeds (published in Parts).</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">James' Naval History.</span> Vols. III., IV., and V. 8vo. 6-Vol. Edition by Bentley.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i8">Wanted by <i>Mr. J. Howes</i>, Stonham-Aspall, Suffolk.</p> + </div> + </div> +<hr class="short" /> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">Monuments and Genii of St. Paul's and Westminster Abbey</span>, by G. L. Smith. London. J. Williams. 1826. Vol. I.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i8">Wanted by <i>Charles Reed</i>, Paternoster Row.</p> + </div> + </div> +<hr class="short" /> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">Dr. Pettingall's Tract on Jury Trial, 1769.</span></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i8">Wanted by <i>Mr. T. Stephens</i>, Merthyr Tydfil.</p> + </div> + </div> +<hr class="short" /> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">History of the Old and New Testament</span>, by Prideaux. Vol. I. 1717-18.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">Historical Memoirs of Queens of England</span>, by Hannah Lawrence. Vol. II.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">Bryan's Dictionary of Painters and Engravers.</span></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">Jardine's Naturalist's Library.</span> First Edition. All except first 13 Volumes.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">Peter Simple.</span> Illustrated Edition. Saunders and Otley. Vols. II. and III.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">History and Antiquities of Somersetshire</span>, by Rev. W. Phelps. 1839. All except Parts I., II., III., V., VI., VII., and VIII.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i8">Wanted by <i>John Garland</i>, Solicitor, Dorchester.</p> + </div> + </div> +<hr class="short" /> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">Pointer's Britannia Romana.</span> Oxford, 1724.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">Pointer's Account of a Roman Pavement at Stunsfield, Oxon.</span> Oxford, 1713.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">Roman Stations in Britain.</span> London, 1726.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">A Survey of Roman Antiquities in some Midland Counties.</span> London, 1726.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i8">Wanted by <i>Rev. J. W. Hewett</i>, Bloxham, Banbury.</p> + </div> + </div> +<hr class="short" /> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">Theobald's Shakspeare Restored.</span> 4to. 1726.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">G. Macropedii, Hecastus, Fabula.</span> Antwerp, 1539. 8vo.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i8">Wanted by <i>William J. Thoms</i>, 25. Holywell Street, Millbank, Westminster.</p> + </div> + </div> +<hr class="short" /> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">Indications of Spring</span>, by Robt. Marsham, Esq., F.R.S.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">The Village Curate</span>, by Hurdis.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p><span class="sc">Calendar of Flora</span>, by Stillingfleete.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i8">Wanted by <i>J. B. Whitborne</i>, 54. Russell Terrace, Leamington.</p> + </div> + </div> +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Notices to Correspondents.</h2> + + <p><span class="sc">Books Wanted.</span>—<i>We believe that + gentlemen in want of particular books, either by way of loan or purchase, + would find great facilities in obtaining them if their names and + addresses were published, so that parties having the books might + communicate directly with those who want them. Acting on this belief, we + shall take advantage of the recent alteration in the law respecting + advertisements, and in future, where our Correspondents desire to avail + themselves of this new arrangement, shall insert their names and + addresses—unless specially requested not to do so.</i></p> + + <p><span class="sc">All Communications</span> <i>should be addressed to + the Editor, to the care of</i> Mr. Bell, 186. Fleet Street. <i>They + should be</i> distinctly <i>written; and care should be taken that all + Quotations are copied with accuracy; and in all cases of References to + Books the editions referred to should be specified. Every distinct + subject should form a separate communication; all inquiries respecting + communications forwarded for insertion should specify the subjects of + such communications.</i></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Our Prospectus</span> <i>has been reprinted at the + suggestion of several Correspondents, and we shall be happy to forward + copies to any friends who may desire to assist us by circulating + them.</i></p> + + <p><i>We have just received the following communication:</i></p> + + <p><i>"Binocular Compound Microscope.</i>—Will you allow me an + <i>exiguum</i> of your periodical for the purpose of explaining a seeming + plagiarism at page 32. of my <i>Essay on the Stereoscope</i>? I have just + seen, for the first time, the October number of the <i>Journal of + Microscopical Science</i>, whereby I learn that Mr. Wenham and Mr. + Riddell have anticipated me in the theory of the <i>Binocular Compound + Microscope</i>. Up to this time I was not aware of the fact that the + subject had received the attention it deserves, and my own suggestions, + founded upon a series of careful experiments made during the last eight + months, were thrown out for the simple purpose of calling attention to + the utility and practicability of a <i>Binocular Compound + Microscope</i>.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">C. Mansfield Ingleby.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Birmingham."</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Old Grumbleton.</span>—<i>We believe the real + origin of the phrase</i> By hook or by crook <i>to be the "right of + taking</i> fire-bote by hook or by crook," <i>as explained in</i> "N. + & Q.," Vol. i., p. 405. <i>Much curious illustration of the phrase + will be found in our earlier volumes.</i></p> + + <p>H. H. (Glasgow). <i>We cannot give the receipt you ask for. Brunswick + black, which you will have no difficulty in procuring, answers very + well.</i></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Ponders End.</span>—<i>The syllable</i> ness, + <i>in Sheerness, is the French</i> nez <i>and the Danish</i> næs, "<i>a + point or tongue of land</i>."</p> + + <p>W. J. E. C. <i>has, we fear, only lately become a reader of</i> "N. + & Q.," <i>or he would have remembered the numerous communications in + our pages on the subject of the pronunciation of</i> Cowper's <i>name. + The poet was called Cooper.</i></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Sol.</span> <i>Sir D. Brewster's</i> Treatise on + Optics, <i>price 3s. 6d., published by Longman.</i></p> + + <p><span class="sc">A Party who won't</span>, &c. <i>We are sorry to + say we cannot alter the arrangement referred to.</i></p> + + <p>W. S. S. E. <i>It is impossible for us to undertake to insert a Query + in the same week in which it is received.</i></p> + + <p>P. T. (Stoke Newington). <i>The communication respecting the</i> + Cotton Family <i>has been forwarded to</i> R. W. C.</p> + + <p>J. M. <i>will find his Query respecting</i> Après moi le Déluge <i>has + been anticipated by Mr. Douglas Jerrold in our</i> 3rd Vol., p. 299. + <i>Proofs of its antiquity are given in the same volume</i>, p. 397.</p> + + <p><i>Errata.</i>—Vol. viii., p. 132. col. 2. l. 14., for + "Britannica" read "Britannia;" p. 280. col. 2. l. 5., for "lower" read + "cower;" p. 315. col. 1. l. ult., for "Sprawley" read "Shrawley;" p. 360. + col. 1. l. 35., dele "Hamsah;" p. 364. col. 2. l. 27., for "1653" read + "1753."</p> + + <p>"<span class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>," Vols. i. <i>to</i> vii., + <i>price Three Guineas and a Half.—Copies are being made up and may + be had by order.</i> <!-- Page 402 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page402"></a>{402}</span></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>APPARATUS FOR INSTRUCTION IN SCIENCE.—Special Report on Grants + to aid in the Purchase of Apparatus for Instruction in Science. By the + REV. H. MOSELEY, M.A., F.R.S., Her Majesty's Inspector of Schools, + &c., Jan. 5th, 1853.—<i>Minutes of the Committee of Council on + Education.</i></p> + + <p>JOHN J. GRIFFIN, F.C.S., begs to announce to Schoolmasters and the + friends of Scientific Education, that the APPARATUS described in the + above Report, as of his Manufacture, is arranged for Public Inspection at + his Establishments, No. 10. Finsbury Square, and 119. & 120. Bunhill + Row (removed from Baker Street), London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>ALLEN'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, containing Size, Price, and Description + of upwards of 100 articles, consisting of</p> + + <p>PORTMANTEAUS, TRAVELLING-BAGS, Ladies' Portmanteaus,</p> + + <p>DESPATCH-BOXES, WRITING-DESKS, DRESSING-CASES, and other travelling + requisites, Gratis on application, or sent free by Post on receipt of Two + Stamps.</p> + + <p>MESSRS. ALLEN'S registered Despatch-box and Writing-desk, their + Travelling-bag with the opening as large as the bag, and the new + Portmanteau containing four compartments, are undoubtedly the best + articles of the kind ever produced.</p> + + <p>J. W. & T. ALLEN, 18. & 22. West Strand.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER.—Negative and Positive Papers of Whatman's, + Turner's, Sanford's, and Canson Frères' make. Waxed-Paper for Le Gray's + Process. Iodized and Sensitive Paper for every kind of Photography.</p> + + <p>Sold by JOHN SANFORD, Photographic Stationer, Aldine Chambers, 13. + Paternoster Row, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>BANK OF DEPOSIT.</p> + + <p>7. St. Martin's Place, Trafalgar Square, London.</p> + + <p>PARTIES desirous of INVESTING MONEY are requested to examine the Plan + of this Institution, by which a high rate of Interest may be obtained + with perfect Security.</p> + + <p>Interest payable in January and July.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>PETER MORRISON,</p> + <p>Managing Director.</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>Prospectuses free on application.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>ACHILLES LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY,—25. CANNON STREET, + CITY.—The Advantages offered by this Society are Security, Economy, + and lower Rates of Premium than most other Offices.</p> + + <p>No charge is made for Policy Stamps or Medical Fees. Policies + indisputable.</p> + + <p>Loans granted to Policy-holders.</p> + + <p>For the convenience of the Working Classes, Policies are issued as low + as 20<i>l.</i> at the same Rates of Premium as larger Policies.</p> + + <p>Prospectuses and full particulars may be obtained on application + to</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>HUGH B. TAPLIN, Secretary.</p> + </div> + </div> +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>W. H. HART, RECORD AGENT and LEGAL ANTIQUARIAN (who is in the + possession of Indices to many of the early Public Records whereby his + Inquiries are greatly facilitated) begs to inform Authors and Gentlemen + engaged in Antiquarian or Literary Pursuits, that he is prepared to + undertake searches among the Public Records, MSS. in the British Museum, + Ancient Wills, or other Depositories of a similar Nature, in any Branch + of Literature, History, Topography, Genealogy, or the like, and in which + he has had considerable experience.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>1. ALBERT TERRACE, NEW CROSS,</p> + <p>HATCHAM, SURREY.</p> + </div> + </div> +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>Just published, in 8vo., price 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + + <p>A FIFTH LETTER to the REV. DR. MAITLAND on the GENUINENESS of the + WRITINGS ascribed to CYPRIAN, BISHOP of CARTHAGE. By the REV. E. J. + SHEPHERD, M.A., Rector of Luddesdown; Author of the "History of the + Church of Rome to the End of the Episcopate of Damasus."</p> + + <p>London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN & LONGMANS.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>On the 1st November, 16 pp. crown 4to., price Threehalfpence.</p> + + <p>THE CHURCH OF THE PEOPLE. A Monthly Journal of Literature, Science, + the Fine Arts, &c., &c., devoted to the Religious, Moral, + Physical, and Social Elevation of the Working Classes. Under the + Superintendence of a Committee.</p> + + <p>London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.</p> + + <p>Advertisements received until the 21st.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>Collection of Autograph Letters.</p> + + <p>PUTTICK AND SIMPSON, Auctioneers of Literary Property, will SELL by + AUCTION, at their Great Room, 191. Piccadilly, on Wednesday, October + 26th, a Small but very Interesting Collection of Autograph Letters and + Historical Papers: amongst which are Two Holograph Letters of Oliver + Cromwell, many others signed by him; a Letter of Richard Cromwell; a + Holograph Letter of Martin Luther; many Interesting and Rare Letters + connected with the History of Denmark and Sweden, relating to the affair + of Count Struensee, &c.—Catalogues will be sent on + application.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>CHARACTER FROM HANDWRITING.—MR. WARREN, of 9. Great College + Street, Westminster, continues, with great success, to Delineate the + Character of Individuals from their Handwriting. All Persons desirous of + testing his Art, are invited to forward a Specimen of their ordinary + Writing, together with Thirteen Postage Stamps, and a mention of their + Sex and Age, to the above Address.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>DEAFNESS, CHRONIC OR ACUTE NERVOUS DEAFNESS, SINGING NOISES AND PAINS + IN THE EARS.</p> + + <p>A NEW DISCOVERY FOR RESTORING HEARING, proved to be perfectly + infallible, by which many thousands of sufferers have been instantly + enabled to hear the human voice in a low tone without causing one + instant's pain, inconvenience, or trouble to a child, or aged nervous + sufferer of either sex. This truly important discovery for the cure of + deafness, obviating as it does all the former dangerous and fatal + operations, has been made by the eminent aurist, DR. DAVID THOMAS, ten + years Consulting Surgeon, at 14. Stroud Street, Dover, the first + application of which gives immediate relief, restoring the hearing in the + most confirmed stages of deafness, whether from old age, nervousness, or + any predisposing cause, to which children and adults are subject, and + from which deafness follows the heavy affliction of noises in the head + and ears, immediately removed by its use. Each sufferer can apply it + himself: the proof and result being instantly convincing, as it enables + the previously deaf person to hear common tone conversation, who before + could only be made to hear by loud shouting in the ear, or by means of a + powerful ear-trumpet. It has been applied by the Doctor on hundreds of + suffering applicants at most of the ear infirmaries and hospitals, with + perfect success, and in many thousands of cases to whom he has sent it + many had not heard the human voice for half their life, and some not at + all, who by its use alone are now perfectly restored to hearing and the + society of their fellow-creatures, and enabled to hear distinctly in a + place of worship.—Applicants who send a written statement of their + case by letter, inclosing postage stamps or money order for 7<i>s.</i> + 6<i>d.</i>, directed to DR. DAVID THOMAS, M.R.C.S.L., 14. Stroud Street, + Dover, Kent, will receive the means of cure by return of post, with full + directions for use. Personal consultation for deafness.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>Just published, 12mo. cloth, 5<i>s.</i> Second Edition.</p> + + <p>MANUAL OF ASTRONOMY, by JOHN DREW, F.R.A.S., Ph. D.—This work, + which is illustrated by 70 engravings on wood and stone, is intended for + readers who are not extensively acquainted with mathematics. It conveys a + general knowledge of the stupendous phenomena of nature, including all + the modern discoveries down to the present time; directs those who + possess telescopes how to use them, what objects to look for in the + heavens, and where they are to be found; and gives familiar directions + for the use and adjustment of the transit instrument, astronomical + circle, and equatorial. It is peculiarly fitted for a text-book in + schools, and is a good introduction for those who wish to obtain a + knowledge of the present state of astronomical science.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"A very good little manual, with a number of well-engraved maps and + diagrams, and written in a brief and clear style, yet with sufficient + fulness to preserve it from dryness."—<i>Guardian.</i></p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>Second Edition, considerably enlarged, 14<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>VARRONIANUS: a Critical and Historical Introduction to the Ethnography + of Ancient Italy, and the Philological Study of the Latin Language. By + J. W. DONALDSON, D.D., Head Master of King Edward's Grammar School, Bury + St. Edmund's.</p> + + <p>By the same Author, Second Edition, 8vo. much enlarged, + 18<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>THE NEW CRATYLUS; Contributions towards a more Accurate Knowledge of + the Greek Language.</p> + + <p>London: JOHN W. PARKER & SON. Cambridge: DEIGHTON.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>Cheap Editions, crown 8vo., 4<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each, of</p> + + <p>ARCHBISHOP WHATELY'S LOGIC.</p> + + <p>WHATELY'S RHETORIC.</p> + + <p>Also, demy 8vo. Editions of WHATELY'S LOGIC AND RHETORIC (10<i>s.</i> + 6<i>d.</i> each); printed uniformly with the Author's other Works.</p> + + <p>London: JOHN W. PARKER & SON, West Strand.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>Post 8vo., 6<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>THEOPHILI EPISCOPI ANTIOCHENSIS LIBRI TRES AD AUTOLYCUM. Edidit + Prolegomenis Versione Notulis Indicibus Instruxit GULIELMUS GILSON + HUMPHRY, S.T.B., Collegi Sanctiss. Trin. Ap. Cantabrigienses Socius. + Jussu Syndicorum Preli Academici, Cantabrigiæ.</p> + + <p>London: JOHN W. PARKER & SON, West Strand.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>CRABB'S DICTIONARY.</p> + + <p>The Fifth Edition, corrected, enlarged, and brought down to the + present time, by the REV. HENRY DAVIS, M.A., illustrated with 700 + Engravings. Crown 8vo., cloth, price 9<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>A DICTIONARY OF GENERAL KNOWLEDGE, comprising an Explanation of Words + and Things connected with Literature and Science, &c., by GEORGE + CRABB, A.M.</p> + + <p>London: WILLIAM TEGG & CO., 85. Queen Street, Cheapside.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>Just published,</p> + + <p>THE SHAKSPEARE REPOSITORY, No. IV., price Fourpence; or by post on + receipt of Six Stamps, containing the following highly interesting + Articles:—-viz. Shakspeare and the Spanish + Invasion—Shakspeare, the Poet Catholic—Old Notes on + Shakspeare (now first published)—Bartholomew Fair in Edward the + Second's Reign—German Works on Shakspeare, &c. &c.</p> + + <p>Published by JAMES H. FENNELL, 1. Warwick Court, Holborn, London. <!-- + Page 403 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page403"></a>{403}</span></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h3>WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE +AND ANNUITY SOCIETY,</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.</p> + + <p>Founded A.D. 1842.</p> + + <p><i>Directors.</i></p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>H. E. Bicknell, Esq.</p> + <p>T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq. M.P.</p> + <p>G. H. Drew, Esq.</p> + <p>W. Evans, Esq.</p> + <p>W. Freeman, Esq.</p> + <p>F. Fuller, Esq.</p> + <p>J. H. Goodhart, Esq.</p> + <p>T. Grissell, Esq.</p> + <p>J. Hunt, Esq.</p> + <p>J. A. Lethbridge, Esq.</p> + <p>E. Lucas, Esq.</p> + <p>J. Lys Seager, Esq.</p> + <p>J. B. White, Esq.</p> + <p>J. Carter Wood, Esq.</p> + </div> + </div> + <p><i>Trustees.</i></p> + + <p>W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq.; T. Grissell, Esq.</p> + + <p><i>Physician.</i>—William Rich. Basham, M.D.</p> + + <p><i>Bankers.</i>—Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing + Cross.</p> + + <p>VALUABLE PRIVILEGE.</p> + + <p>POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary + difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application + to suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed + on the Prospectus.</p> + + <p>Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100<i>l.</i>, with a Share + in three-fourths of the Profits:—</p> + + +<table width="17%" class="nob" summary="Specimens of Rates" title="Specimens of Rates"> + <tr> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:left; width:57%"> + <p>Age</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right; width:14%"> + <p><i>£</i></p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right; width:14%"> + <p><i>s.</i></p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right; width:14%"> + <p><i>d.</i></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:left"> + <p>17</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>1</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>14</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>4</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:left"> + <p>22</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>1</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>18</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>8</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:left"> + <p>27</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>2</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>4</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>5</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:left"> + <p>32</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>2</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>10</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>8</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:left"> + <p>37</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>2</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>18</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>6</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:left"> + <p>42</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>3</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>8</p> + </td> + <td class="nob" style="text-align:right"> + <p>2</p> + </td> + </tr> +</table> + + <p>ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary.</p> + + <p>Now ready, price 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, Second Edition, with material + additions, INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE on + BENEFIT BUILDING SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land + Investment, exemplified in the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building + Companies, &c. With a Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and + Life Assurance. By ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life + Assurance Society, 3. Parliament Street, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION.—An EXHIBITION of PICTURES, by the most + celebrated French, Italian, and English Photographers, embracing Views of + the principal Countries and Cities of Europe, is now OPEN. Admission + 6<i>d.</i> A Portrait taken by MR. TALBOT'S Patent Process, One Guinea; + Three extra Copies for 10<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION, 168. NEW BOND STREET.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>DAGUERREOTYPE MATERIALS.—Plates, Cases, Passepartoutes, Best and + Cheapest. To be had in great variety at</p> + + <p>M<sup>c</sup>MILLAN'S Wholesale Depot, 132. Fleet Street.</p> + + <p>Price List Gratis.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION, No. 1. Class + X., in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all + Climates, may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold + London-made Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver + Cases, 8, 6, and 4 guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, + 10, and 8 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior + Lever, with Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's + Pocket Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch + skilfully examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, + 2<i>l.</i>, 3<i>l.</i>, and 4<i>l.</i> Thermometers from 1<i>s.</i> + each.</p> + + <p>BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, + the Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen,</p> + + <p>65. CHEAPSIDE.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>INDIGESTION, CONSTIPATION, NERVOUSNESS, &c.—BARRY, DU BARRY + & CO.'S HEALTH-RESTORING FOOD for INVALIDS and INFANTS.</p> + + <p>THE REVALENTA ARABICA FOOD, the only natural, pleasant, and effectual + remedy (without medicine, purging, inconvenience, or expense, as it saves + fifty times its cost in other remedies) for nervous, stomachic, + intestinal, liver and bilious complaints, however deeply rooted, + dyspepsia (indigestion), habitual constipation, diarrhœa, acidity, + heartburn, flatulency, oppression, distension, palpitation, eruption of + the skin, rheumatism, gout, dropsy, sickness at the stomach during + pregnancy, at sea, and under all other circumstances, debility in the + aged as well as infants, fits, spasms, cramps, paralysis, &c.</p> + + <p><i>A few out of 50,000 Cures</i>:—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>Cure, No. 71, of dyspepsia; from the Right Hon. the Lord Stuart de + Decies:—"I have derived considerable benefit from your Revalenta + Arabica Food, and consider it due to yourselves and the public to + authorise the publication of these lines.—<span class="sc">Stuart + de Decies</span>."</p> + + <p>Cure, No. 49,832:—"Fifty years' indescribable agony from + dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, + sickness at the stomach and vomitings have been removed by Du Barry's + excellent food.—<span class="sc">Maria Jolly</span>, Wortham Ling, + near Diss, Norfolk."</p> + + <p>Cure, No. 180:—"Twenty-five years' nervousness, constipation, + indigestion, and debility, from which I had suffered great misery and + which no medicine could remove or relieve, have been effectually cured by + Du Barry's food in a very short time.—<span class="sc">W. R. + Reeves</span>, Pool Anthony, Tiverton."</p> + + <p>Cure, No. 4,208:—"Eight years' dyspepsia, nervousness, debility, + with cramps, spasms, and nausea, for which my servant had consulted the + advice of many, have been effectually removed by Du Barry's delicious + food in a very short time. I shall be happy to answer any + inquiries.—<span class="sc">Rev. John W. Flavell</span>, Ridlington + Rectory, Norfolk."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p><i>Dr. Wurzer's Testimonial.</i></p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Bonn, July 19, 1852.</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>"This light and pleasant Farina is one of the most excellent, + nourishing, and restorative remedies, and supersedes, in many cases, all + kinds of medicines. It is particularly useful in confined habit of body, + as also diarrhœa, bowel complaints, affections of the kidneys and + bladder, such as stone or gravel; inflammatory irritation and cramp of + the urethra, cramp of the kidneys and bladder, strictures, and + hemorrhoids. This really invaluable remedy is employed with the most + satisfactory result, not only in bronchial and pulmonary complaints, + where irritation and pain are to be removed, but also in pulmonary and + bronchial consumption, in which it counteracts effectually the + troublesome cough; and I am enabled with perfect truth to express the + conviction that Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica is adapted to the cure of + incipient hectic complaints and consumption.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"<span class="sc">Dr. Rud Wurzer</span>,</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Counsel of Medicine, and practical M. D.</p> + <p>in Bonn."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>London Agents:—Fortnum, Mason & Co., 182. Piccadilly, + purveyors to Her Majesty the Queen; Hedges & Butler, 155. Regent + Street; and through all respectable grocers, chemists, and medicine + venders. In canisters, suitably packed for all climates, and with full + instructions, 1lb. 2<i>s.</i> 9<i>d.</i>; 2lb. 4<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; + 5lb. 11<i>s.</i>; 12lb. 22<i>s.</i>; super-refined, 5lb. 22<i>s.</i>; + 10lb. 33<i>s.</i> The 10lb. and 12lb. carriage free, on receipt of + Post-office order.—Barry, Du Barry Co., 77. Regent Street, + London.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Important Caution</span>.—Many invalids having + been seriously injured by spurious imitations under closely similar + names, such as Ervalenta, Arabaca, and others, the public will do well to + see that each canister bears the name <span class="sc">Barry, Du + Barry</span> & Co., 77. Regent Street, London, in full, <i>without + which none is genuine</i>.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>PHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURES.—A Selection of the above beautiful + Productions (comprising Views in VENICE, PARIS, RUSSIA, NUBIA, &c.) + may be seen at BLAND & LONG'S, 153. Fleet Street, where may also be + procured Apparatus of every Description, and pure Chemicals for the + practice of Photography in all its Branches.</p> + + <p>Calotype, Daguerreotype, and Glass Pictures for the Stereoscope.</p> + + <p>*** Catalogues may be had on application.</p> + + <p>BLAND & LONG, Opticians, Philosophical and Photographical + Instrument Makers, and Operative Chemists, 153. Fleet Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>PHOTOGRAPHY.—HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining + Instantaneous Views and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, + according to light.</p> + + <p>Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the + choicest Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their + Establishment.</p> + + <p>Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used + in this beautiful Art.—123. and 121. Newgate Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>IMPROVEMENT IN COLLODION.—J. B. HOCKIN & CO., Chemists, 289. + Strand. have, by an improved mode of Iodizing, succeeded in producing a + Collodion equal, they may say superior, in sensitiveness and density of + Negative, to any other hitherto published; without diminishing the + keeping properties and appreciation of half tint for which their + manufacture has been esteemed.</p> + + <p>Apparatus, pure Chemicals, and all the requirements for the practice + of Photography. Instruction in the Art.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS.—OTTEWILL'S REGISTERED DOUBLE-BODIED + FOLDING CAMERA, is superior to every other form of Camera, for the + Photographic Tourist, from its capability of Elongation or Contraction to + any Focal Adjustment, its extreme Portability, and its adaptation for + taking either Views or Portraits.—The Trade supplied.</p> + + <p>Every Description of Camera, or Slides, Tripod Stands, Printing + Frames, &c., may be obtained at his MANUFACTORY, Charlotte Terrace, + Barnsbury Road, Islington.</p> + + <p>New Inventions, Models, &c., made to order or from Drawings.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>PHOTOGRAPHIC APPARATUS, in Complete Sets, in Portable Cabinets, at + moderate prices.</p> + + <p>SMALL SET, price 7<i>l.</i> 7<i>s.</i>, containing every requisite for + taking Landscapes and Pictures of inanimate objects, to a size not + exceeding 7 by 6 inches.</p> + + <p>LARGE SET, price 11<i>l.</i>, for Pictures up to 10 by 8 + inches.—N. B. A Collodion Picture made by each set is given with + it, to show the quality of the Lenses.</p> + + <p>Every article for taking either Landscapes or Portraits on Silver, + Paper, or Glass, may be had of the undersigned. An illustrated priced + Catalogue of Photographic Apparatus, price 3<i>d.</i>, Post Free.</p> + + <p>JOHN J. GRIFFIN, Chemist and Optician. 10. Finsbury Square + (Manufactory, 119. and 120. Bunhill Row), removed from Baker Street, + London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>CYANOGEN SOAP, for removing all kinds of Photographic Stains. Beware + of purchasing spurious and worthless imitations of this valuable + detergent. The genuine is made only by the inventor, and is secured with + a red label pasted round each pot, bearing this signature and + address:—</p> + + <p>RICHARD W. THOMAS, Chemist, Manufacturer of Pure Photographic + Chemicals, 10. Pall Mall, and may be procured of all respectable Chemists + in pots at 1<i>s.</i>, 2<i>s.</i>, and 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each, + through MESSRS. EDWARDS, 67. St. Paul's Churchyard, and MESSRS. BARCLAY + & CO., Farringdon Street, Wholesale Agents. <!-- Page 404 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page404"></a>{404}</span></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>CHEAP AND POPULAR EDITIONS OF STANDARD AUTHORS.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>ABERCROMBIE'S INTELLECTUAL POWERS. 6<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>ABERCROMBIE ON THE MORAL FEELINGS. 4<i>s.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>DAVY'S SALMONIA. 6<i>s.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>DAVY'S CONSOLATIONS IN TRAVEL. 6<i>s.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>REV. GEORGE CRABBE'S LIFE. 3<i>s.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>COLERIDGE'S TABLE-TALK. 6<i>s.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>COLERIDGE'S GREEK CLASSIC POETS. 5<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>BELL ON THE HAND. 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>LAYARD'S POPULAR ACCOUNT OF NINEVEH. 5<i>s.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>WILKINSON'S POPULAR ACCOUNT OF THE ANCIENT EGYPTIANS. (Shortly.)</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>JESSE'S GLEANINGS IN NATURAL HISTORY. 6<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>JESSE'S SCENES AND OCCUPATIONS OF COUNTRY LIFE. (Shortly.)</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>PHILOSOPHY IN SPORT. 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>SOMERVILLE'S PHYSICAL SCIENCES. 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>SOMERVILLE'S PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. 12<i>s.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>JAMES' EDITION OF ÆSOP'S FABLES. 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>HEBER'S POETICAL WORKS. 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>REJECTED ADDRESSES. 5<i>s.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>BYRON'S POETICAL WORKS. 8 vols. 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>MAHON'S HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 5 vols. 6<i>s.</i> each.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.</p> + </div> + </div> +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>THE QUARTERLY REVIEW, No. CLXXXVI., is published THIS DAY.</p> + + <p>Contents:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p> I. THE INSTITUTE OF FRANCE.</p> + <p> II. MURDER OF THOMAS A BECKET.</p> + <p> III. THE DAUPHIN IN THE TEMPLE.</p> + <p> IV. THE HOLY PLACES.</p> + <p> V. DIARY OF CASAUBON.</p> + <p> VI. ELECTRO-BIOLOGY, MESMERISM, AND TABLE-TURNING.</p> + <p>VII. LIFE OF HAYDON.</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>Now ready, MURRAYS MODERN DOMESTIC COOKERY BOOK. A New and Cheaper + Edition, most carefully revised and improved. With 100 Woodcuts. 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