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diff --git a/26753.txt b/26753.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..274f6cb --- /dev/null +++ b/26753.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3549 @@ +Project Gutenberg's Notes and Queries, Number 183, April 30, 1853, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Number 183, April 30, 1853 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: October 2, 2008 [EBook #26753] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, APRIL 30, 1853 *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + + + + +{421} + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + + * * * * * + + +No. 183.] +SATURDAY, APRIL 30. 1853. +[Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d. + + * * * * * + + +CONTENTS. + + NOTES:-- Page + + Proclamation of Henry VIII. against the Possession of + Religious Books, by Joseph Burtt 421 + + Latin: Latiner 423 + + Inedited Poems, by W. Honeycombe 424 + + Round Towers of the Cyclades 425 + + Shakspeare Correspondence, by C. Mansfield Ingleby, &c. 426 + + General Monk and the University of Cambridge 427 + + MINOR NOTES:--Curiosities of Railway Literature-- + Cromwell's Seal--Rhymes upon Places--Tom Track's Ghost 427 + + QUERIES:-- + + Jacob Bobart and his Dragon, &c., By H. T. Bobart 428 + + Bishop Berkeley's Portrait, by Dr. J. H. Todd 428 + + MINOR QUERIES:--Life--"The Boy of Heaven"-- + Bells--Captain Ayloff--Robert Johnson--Selling a Wife-- + Jock of Arden--Inigo Jones--Dean Boyle--Euphormio-- + Optical Query--Archbishop King--Neal's Manuscripts-- + Whence the Word "Cossack?"--Picts' Houses and Argils-- + The Drummer's Letter--The Cardinal Spider--New England + Genealogical Society, &c. 429 + + MINOR QUERIES WITH ANSWERS:--Dr. John Harcliffe, + Dr. Wm. Cokayne, Dr. Samuel Kettilby--"Haulf Naked" 431 + + REPLIES:-- + + The Legend of Lamech: Hebrew Etymology, by H. Walter, + T. J. Buckton, and Joseph Rix 432 + + Lord Coke's Charge to the Jury 433 + + White Roses, by James Crossley 434 + + Burial of Unclaimed Corpse 435 + + Psalmanazar, by James Crossley 435 + + Grafts and the Parent Tree 436 + + PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE:--Glass Baths--Securing + Calotype Negatives 437 + + REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES:--Wood of the Cross--Bishops' + Lawn Sleeves--Inscriptions in Books--Lines + quoted by Charles Lamb--Parochial Libraries--Huet's + Navigations of Solomon--Derby Municipal + Seal--Annueller--Rev. Richard Midgley, Vicar of + Rochdale--Nose of Wax--Canongate Marriages--Sculptured + Emaciated Figures--Do the Sun's Rays + put out the Fire?--Spontaneous Combustion--Ecclesia + Anglicana--Wyle Cop--Chaucer--Campvere, Privileges + of--Sir Gilbert Gerard--Mistletoe--Wild + Plants and their Names--Coninger or Coningry 437 + + MISCELLANEOUS:-- + + Notes on Books, &c. 441 + + Books and Odd Volumes wanted 442 + + Notices to Correspondents 442 + + Advertisements 442 + + * * * * * + + +Notes. + +PROCLAMATION OF HENRY VIII. AGAINST THE POSSESSION OF RELIGIOUS BOOKS. + +The progress of the Reformation in England must have been greatly affected +by the extent to which the art of printing was brought to bear upon the +popular mind. Before the charms of Anne Boleyn could have had much effect, +or "doubts" had troubled the royal conscience, Wolsey had been compelled to +forbid the introduction or printing of books and tracts calculated to +increase the unsettled condition of the faith. + +The following proclamation, now for the first time printed, may have +originated in the ineffectual result of the cardinal's directions. The +readers of Strype and Fox will see that the threats which both contain were +no idle ones, and that men were indeed "corrected and punisshed for theyr +contempte and disobedience, to the terrible example of other lyke +trangressours." + +The list of books prohibited by the order of 1526 contains all those +mentioned by name in the present proclamation, except the _Summary of +Scripture_; and it will be seen that such full, general terms are used that +no obnoxious production could escape, if brought to light. The _Revelation +of Antichrist_ was written by Luther. + +Strype does not seem to have been aware of the existence of this particular +proclamation, which was issued in the year 1530. Under the year 1534 +(_Ecclesiastical Memorials, &c._, Oxford, 1822, vol. i. part i. p. 253.), +he thus refers to what he thought to be the first royal proclamation upon +the subject: + + "Much light was let in among the common people by the New Testament and + other good books in English, which, for the most part being printed + beyond sea, were by stealth brought into England, and dispersed here by + well-disposed men. For the preventing the importation and using of + these books, the king this year issued out a strict proclamation, by + the petition of the clergy now met in Convocation, in the month of + December. + + "Nor was this the first time such books were prohibited to be brought + in: for us small quantities of them were secretly conveyed into these + parts from time to time, for the discovering, in that dark age, the + {422} gross papal innovations, as well in the doctrine of the Sacrament + as in image-worship, addressing to saints, purgatory, pilgrimages, and + the like. + + "A previous order (in the year 1526) was issued by the Bishop of + London, by the instigation of Cardinal Wolsey, calling in all English + translations of the Scripture. And other books of this nature were then + forbid." + +This proclamation, therefore, well merits preservation in your pages, as +one of the hitherto unknown "evidences" of the terrible and trying times to +which it refers. + +It shows, too, the value of the class of papers upon which the Society of +Antiquaries are bestowing so much attention. The original was found among a +miscellaneous collection in the Chapter House, Westminster. + +JOSEPH BURTT. + + A PROCLAMATION. + + ... nse Junii Anno regni metuendissimi Domini nostri Regis Henrici + Octavi xxij. + + A PROCLAMATION, made and divysed by the Kyngis Highnes, with the + advise of His Honorable Counsaile, for dampning of erronious bokes + and heresies, and prohibitinge the havinge of Holy Scripture + translated into the vulgar tonges of englische, frenche, or duche, + in suche maner as within this proclamation is expressed. + + The Kinge, oure most dradde soveraigne lorde, studienge and providynge + dayly for the weale, benefite, and honour of this his most [n]oble + realme, well and evidently perceiveth, that partly through the + malicious suggestion of our gostly enemy, partly by the yvell and + perverse inclination and sedicious disposition of sundry persons, + divers heresies and erronio[us] [o]pinions have ben late sowen and + spredde amonge his subjectes of this his said realme, by blasphemous + and pestiferous englishe bokes, printed in other regions and sent into + this realme, to the entent as well to perverte and withdrawe the people + from the catholike and true fayth of Christe, as also to stirre and + incense them to sedition and disobedience agaynst their princes, + soveraignes, and heedes, as also to cause them to contempne and neglect + all good lawes, customes, and vertuous maners, to the final subversion + and desolacion of this noble realme, if they myght have prevayled + (which God forbyd) in theyr most cursed [p]ersuasions and malicious + purposes. Where upon the kynges hignes (_sic_), by his incomparable + wysedome, forseinge and most prudently considerynge, hath invited and + called to hym the primates of this his gracis realme, and also a + sufficient nombre of discrete, vertuous, and well-lerned personages in + divinite, as well of either of the universites, Oxforde and Cambrige, + as also hath chosen and taken out of other parties of his realme; + gyvinge unto them libertie to speke and declare playnly their advises, + judgmentes, and determinations, concernynge as well the approbation or + rejectynge of suche bokes as be in any parte suspected, as also the + admission and divulgation of the Olde and Newe Testament translated + into englishe. Wher upon his highnes, in his owne royall person, + callynge to hym the said primates and divines, hath seriously and + depely, with great leisure and longe deliberation, consulted, debated, + inserched, and discussed the premisses: and finally, by all their free + assentes, consentes, and agrementes, concluded, resolved, and + determyned, that these bokes ensuynge, that is to say, the boke + entitled the wicked Mammona, the boke named the Obedience of a Christen + Man, the Supplication of Beggars, and the boke called the Revelation of + Antichrist, the Summary of Scripture, and divers other bokes made in + the englisshe tonge, and imprinted beyonde y^e see, do conteyne in them + pestiferous errours and blasphemies; and for that cause, shall from + hensforth be reputed and taken of all men, for bokes of heresie, and + worthy to be dampned, and put in perpetuall oblivion. The kingis said + highnes therfore straitly chargeth and commandeth, all and every his + subjectes, of what astate or condition so ever he or they be, as they + wyll avoyde his high indignacion and most grevous displeasure, that + they from hensforth do not bye, receyve, or have, any of the bokes + before named, or any other boke, beinge in the englisshe tonge, and + printed beyonde the see, of what matter so ever it be, or any copie + written, drawen out of the same, or the same bokes in the frenche or + duche tonge. And to the entent that his highnes wylbe asserteyned, what + nombre of the said erronious bokes shal be founde from tyme to tyme + within this his realme, his highnes therfore chargeth and commaundeth, + that all and every person or persones, whiche hath or herafter shall + have, any boke or bokes in the englisshe tonge, printed beyonde the + see, as is afore written, or any of the sayde erronious bokes in the + frenche or duche tonge: that he or they, within fyftene dayes nexte + after the publisshynge of this present proclamation, do actually + delyver or sende the same bokes and every of them to the bisshop of the + diocese, wherin he or they dwelleth, or to his commissary, or els + before good testimonie, to theyr curate or parisshe preest, to be + presented by the same curate or parisshe preest to the sayd bisshop or + his commissary. And so doynge, his highnes frely pardoneth and + acquiteth them, and every of them, of all penalties, forfaitures, and + paynes, wherin they have incurred or fallen, by reason of any statute, + acte, ordinaunce, or proclamation before this tyme made, concernynge + any offence or transgression by than commytted or done, by or for the + kepynge or holdynge of the sayde bokes. + + Forseen and provided alwayes, that they from hensforth truely do + observe, kepe, and obey this {423} his present gracis proclamation and + commaundement. Also his highnes commaundeth all mayres, sheriffes, + bailliffes, constables, bursholders, and other officers and ministers + within this his realme, that if they shall happen by any meanes or + wayes to knowe that any person or persons do herafter bye, receyve, + have, or deteyne any of the sayde erronious bokes, printed or written + anywhere, or any other bokes in englisshe tonge printed beyonde the + see, or the saide erronious bokes printed or written in the frenche or + duche tonge, contrarie to this present proclamation, that they beinge + therof well assured, do immediatly attache the said person or persons, + and brynge hym or them to the kynges highnes and his most honorable + counsayle; where they shalbe corrected and punisshed for theyr + contempte and disobedience, to the terrible example of other lyke + transgressours. + + Moreover his highnes commaundeth, that no maner of person or persons + take upon hym or them to printe any boke or bokes in englisshe tonge, + concernynge holy scripture, not before this tyme printed within this + his realme, untyll suche tyme as the same boke or bokes be examyned and + approved by the ordinary of the diocese where the said bokes shalbe + printed: And that the printer therof, upon every of the sayde bokes + beinge so examyned, do sette the name of the examynour or examynours, + with also his owne name, upon the saide bokes, as he will answere to + the kynges highnes at his uttermost peryll. + + And farthermore, for as moche as it is come to the herynge of our sayde + soveraigne lorde the kynge, that reporte is made by dyvers and many of + his subjectes, that it were to all men not onely expedyent, but also + necessarye, to have in the englisshe tonge bothe the newe testament and + the olde, and that his highnes, his noble men, and prelates, were + bounden to suffre them so to have it: His highnes hath therfore + semblably there upon consulted with the sayde primates ... discrete, + and well lerned personages, in divinite forsayde, and by them all it is + thought, that it is not necessary th ... to be in the englisshe tonge, + and in the handes of the commen people; but that the distrib ... the + said scripture ... denyenge therof dependeth onely upon the discretion + of the superiours, as ... to the malignite of this present tyme, with + the inclination of the people to erroni ... the olde in to the vulgare + tonge of englysshe, shulde rather be the occasyon of ... people, than + any benfyte or commodite to warde the weale of their soules. And ... e + have the holy scripture expouned to them by preachers in theyr sermons, + ac ... this tyme, All be it if it shall here after appere to the kynges + highnes, that his sa ... rse, erronious, and sedicious opinyons, with + the newe testment and the olde, corrup ... ge in printe: And that the + same bokes and all other bokes of heresye, as well ... termynate and + exiled out of this realme of Englande for ever: his highnes e ... great + lerned and catholyke persones, translated in to the englisshe tonge, if + it sha[ll] than seme t ... conv ... his highnes at this tyme, by the + hoole advise and full determination of all the said primates, and ... + discrete and subs ... lerned personages of both universites, and other + before expressed, and by the assent of his nobles and others of his + moste hon[orab]le Counsayle, wylleth and straytly commaundeth, that all + and every person and persones, of what astate, degre, or condition so + ever he or they be, whiche hath the newe testament or the olde + translated in to englysshe, or any other boke of holy scripture so + translated, beynge in printe, or copied out of the bokes nowe beinge in + printe, that he or they do immediatly brynge the same boke or bokes, or + cause the same to be broughte to the bysshop of the dyocese where he + dwelleth, or to the handes of other the sayde persones, at the daye + afore limytted, in fourme afore expressed and mencioned, as he wyll + avoyde the kynges high indignation and displeasure. And that no person + or persons from hensforth do bye, receyve, kepe, or have the newe + testament or the olde in the englisshe tonge, or in the frenche or + duche tonge, excepte suche persones as be appoynted by the kinges + highnes and the bisshops of this his realme, for the correction or + amending of the said translation, as they will answere to the kynges + highnes at theyr uttermost perils, and wyll avoyde suche punisshement + as they, doynge contrary to the purport of this proclamation shall + suffre, to the dredefull example of all other lyke offenders. + + And his highnes further commaundeth, that all suche statutes, actes and + ordinances, as before this tyme have been made and enacted, as well in + y^e tyme of his moste gracious reigne, as also in the tyme of his noble + progenitours, concernying heresies, and havynge and deteynynge + erronyous bokes, contrary and agynst the faythe catholyke, shall + immediatly be put in effectuall and due execution over and besyde this + present proclamation. + + And god save the kynge. + + * * * * * + + THO. BERTHELETUS, Regius impressor excusit. + Cum privilegio. + + * * * * * + +LATIN--LATINER. + +It is interesting to note the great variety of significations in which the +word Latin has been used. Sometimes it means Italian, sometimes Spanish, +sometimes the Romance language. Again, it has been used as synonymous with +language, learning, discourse; or to express that a matter is plain and +intelligible. {424} + +Muratori, in describing the "Cangiamento dell' Lingua Latina nella volgare +Italiana," observes,-- + + "Cosi a poco a poco il volgo di questa bella Provincia [Italia], oltre + adottare moltissimi vocaboli forestieri, ando ancora alterando i + proprj, cioe i Latini, cambiando le terminazioni delle parole, + accorciandole, allungandole, e corrompendole. In somma se ne formo un + nuovo Linguaggio, che _Volgare_ si appellava, perche usato dal _Volgo + d'Italia._"--Muratori, _Della Perfetta Poesia Italiana_, tomo i. p. 6., + ed. Venez., 1730. + +So Boccaccio, giving an account of the intention of his poem, the +"Teseide," writes,-- + + "Ma tu, o libro, primo al lor cantare + Di Marte fai gli affanni sostenuti, + Nel _vulgar latino_ mai non veduti," + +where, as in the letter to La Fiammetta, prefixed to this poem, _vulgar +latino_ is evidently Italian ("Trovata una antichissima storia ... in +_latino volgare_ ... ho ridotta"), and not the Provencal tongue, as Mr. +Craik suggests in his _Literature and Learning in England_, vol. ii. p. +48., where he supposes Boccaccio to have translated _from_, and not, as is +clear, _into_, _latino volgare_. + +Dante repeatedly uses Latino for Italiano, as in _Purgatorio_, xi. 58.: + + "Io fui Latino, e nato d'un gran Tosco." + +And in _Inf._ xxii. 65.: + + "Conosci tu alcun, che sia Latino." + +In _Paradiso_, iii. 63., + + "Si che il raffigurar m' e piu _latino_," + +_latino_ evidently means easy, clear, plain. "Forse contrario di barbaro, +strano," says Volpi, "noi Lombardi in questo significato diciamo _ladin_." +The "discreto latino" of Thomas Aquinas, elsewhere in _Paradiso_ (xii. +144.), must mean "sage discourse." Chaucer, when he invokes the muse, in +the proeme to the second book of "Troilus and Creseide," only asks her for +rhyme, because, saith he,-- + + "Of no sentement I this endite, + But out of _Latine_ in my tongue it write." + +Where "Latine," of course, means Boccaccio's _Filostrato_, from which +Chaucer's poem is taken. + +In the "Poema del Cid," _latinado_ seems to mean person conversant with the +Spanish or Romance language of the period: + + "Quando esta falsedad dicien los de Carrion, + Un Moro _Latinado_ bien gelo entendio."--v. 2675. + +Mr. Ticknor remarks, that when the Christian conquests were pushed on +towards the south of Spain, the Moors, who remained inclosed in the +Christian population, and spoke or assumed its language, were originally +called _Moros Latinados_; and refers to the _Cronica General_, where, +respecting Alfaraxi, a Moor, afterwards converted, and a counsellor of the +Cid, it is said he was "de tan buen entendimento, e era tan _ladino_ que +semejava Christiano."--Ticknor, _Hist. Span. Lit._, iii. 347. + +Cervantes (_Don Q._ Parte I. cap. xli.) uses _ladino_ to mean Spanish: + + "Servianos de interprete a las mas destas palabras y razones el padre + de Zoraida como mas _ladino_." + +Latin, in fact, was so much _the_ language as to become almost synonymous +with _a_ language. So a _Latiner_ was an interpreter, as it is very well +expressed in Selden's _Table Talk_, art. "Language": + + "Latimer is the corruption of _Latiner_: it signifies he that + interprets Latin; and though he interpreted French, Spanish, or + Italian, he was the king's Latiner, that is, the king's interpreter." + +This use of the word is well illustrated in the following extracts: + + "A Knight ther language lerid in youth; + Breg hight that Knight, born Bretoun, + That lerid the language of Sessoun. + This Breg was the _Latimer_, + What scho said told Vortager."--Robert de Brunne's _Metrical Chronicle._ + + "Par soen demein _latinier_ + . . . . + Icil Morice iert _latinier_ + Al rei Dermot, ke mult l'out cher."--_Norman-French Chronicle of Conquest + of Ireland_, edited by F. Michel (as quoted in Wright's _Essays_, + vol. ii. p. 215.). + +I here conclude, as I must not seek to monopolise space required for more +valuable contributions. + +J. M. B. + +Tunbridge Wells. + + * * * * * + +INEDITED POEMS. + +I send you two poems which I have found in a little rough scrap-book of a +literary character of last century, and which, not having myself met with +in print, I trust you will consider worth preserving in your pages. The one +styled "A Scotch Poem on the King and the Queen of the Fairies," has a vein +of playful satire running through it, but I do not detect any word which +justifies the ascription of its paternity to Scotland. Perhaps some of your +readers would oblige me by indicating the source from which this poem has +been taken, if it is already in print. + +A SCOTCH POEM ON THE KING AND THE QUEEN OF THE FAIRIES. + + Upon a time the Fairy Elves, + Being first array'd themselves, + Thought it meet to clothe their King + In robes most fit for revelling. + + He had a cobweb shirt more thin + Than ever spider since could spin, + Bleach'd in the whiteness of the snow, + When that the northern winds do blow. + + {425} + A rich waistcoat they did him bring, + Made of the troutfly's golden wing, + Dy'd crimson in a maiden's blush, + And lin'd in humming-bees' soft plush. + + His hat was all of lady's love, + So passing light, that it would move + If any gnat or humming fly + But beat the air in passing by. + + About it went a wreath of pearl, + Dropt from the eyes of some poor girl, + Pinch'd because she had forgot + To leave clean water in the pot. + + His breeches and his cassock were + Made of the tinsel gossamer; + Down by its seam there went a lace + Drawn by an urchin snail's slow pace. + + No sooner was their King attir'd + As never prince had been, + But, as in duty was requir'd, + They next array their Queen. + + Of shining thread shot from the sun + And twisted into line, + In the light wheel of fortune spun, + Was made her smock so fine. + + Her gown was ev'ry colour fair, + The rainbow gave the dip; + Perfumed from an amber air, + Breath'd from a virgin's lip. + + Her necklace was of subtle tye + Of glorious atoms, set + In the pure black of beauty's eye + As they had been in jet. + + The revels ended, she put off, + Because her Grace was warm; + She fann'd her with a lady's scoff, + And so she took no harm. + +Mrs. Barbauld wrote the following lines on a scroll within a kind of +wreath, which hung over the chimney, the whole parlour being decorated with +branches of ivy, which were made to run down the walls and hang down every +pannel in festoons, at a country place called Palgrave: + + Surly Winter, come not here, + Bluster in thy proper sphere; + Howl along the naked plain; + There exert they joyless reign. + Triumph o'er the wither'd flow'r, + The leafless shrub, the ruin'd bower; + But our cottage come not near, + Other Springs inhabit here, + Other sunshine decks our board + Than they niggard skies afford. + Gloomy Winter, hence away, + Love and fancy scorn they sway; + Love, and joy, and friendly mirth + Shall bless this roof, these walls, this hearth, + The rigor of the year control, + And thaw the winter in the soul. + +WILL. HONEYCOMBE. + +Liverpool. + + * * * * * + +ROUND TOWERS OF THE CYCLADES. + +On Friday evening, Nov. 19, 1852, a lecture was delivered before the +members of the Literary and Scientific Institute of this island, by Capt. +Graves, R.N., from which I have been permitted to take the following +extract. The information contained in it, will doubtless be the more +interesting to many of the reader of "N. & Q.," when informed that the +round towers of Greece are fast disappearing; either from being pulled down +for the erection of dwellings, or to be burnt into lime, by the Greeks who +dwell in their neighbourhood. What the original dimensions of these towers +may have been in ancient times, or for what purposes they were erected, are +alike unknown; but their present proportions are as follow, and drawn by +the learned lecturer from personal observation: + + Feet. In. + "A. Andros, near the port Height 60 0 + + B. Zea overlooking Perses Bay { Height 5 5 + { Diameter 26 6 + { Wall 2 0 + + C. Thermia { Height 11 0 + { Diameter 28 5 + + D. Serpho { Height 15 0 + { Diameter 27 0 + + E. Beach of Port Pharos { Height 7 0 + { Diameter 31 8 + { Wall 2 6 + + F. Hillock, west side of Pharos { Height 16 6 + { Diameter 42 10 + { Wall 3 0 + + G. Village of Herampili { Height 15 8 + { Diameter 38 3 + { Wall 4 to 2 6 + + H. Valley beyond villages { Height 11 10 + { Diameter 33 5 + { Wall 4 0 + + J. Short distance west of Mount Elias { Height 6 0 + { Diameter 24 7 + { Wall 5 0 + + K. Between Elias and west coast { Height 6 6 + { Diameter 28 0 + { Wall 4 0 + + L. Naxos, south-east end of the island Height 50 0 + + M. Paros, north, port Naussa. + Of this tower only a few + courses of the stones are + left. It is however supposed + to have been of + the same dimensions as + that of Naxos." + +W. W. + +Malta. + + * * * * * + +{426} + +SHAKSPEARE CORRESPONDENCE. + +_Songs and Rimes of Shakspeare._--I find in Mr. J. P. Collier's _History of +Dramatic Poetry_ (a work replete with dramatic lore and anecdote) the +following note in p. 275., vol. iii.: + + "The Mitre and the Mermaid were celebrated taverns, which the poets, + wits, and gallants were accustomed to visit. Mr. Thorpe, the + enterprising bookseller of Bedford Street, is in possession of a + manuscript full of songs and poems, in the handwriting of a person of + the name of Richard Jackson, all copied prior to the year 1631, and + including many unpublished pieces, by a variety of celebrated poets. + One of the most curious is a song in five seven-line stanzas, thus + headed: 'Shakespeare's Rime, which he made at the Mytre in Fleete + Streete.' It begins: 'From the rich Lavinian shore;' and some few of + the lines were published by Playford, and set as a catch. Another + shorter piece is called in the margin,-- + + 'SHAKESPEARE'S RIME. + + Give me a cup of rich Canary wine, + Which was the Mitres (drink) and now is mine; + Of which had Horace and Anacreon tasted, + Their lives as well as lines till now had lasted.' + + "I have little doubt," adds Mr. Collier, "that the lines are genuine, + as well as many other songs and poems attributed to Ben Jonson, Sir W. + Raleigh, H. Constable, Dr. Donne, J. Sylvester, and others." + +Who was the purchaser of this precious MS.? In this age of Shakspearian +research, when every newly discovered relic is hailed with intense delight, +may I inquire of some of your numerous readers, who seem to take as much +delight as myself in whatever concerns our great dramatist and his +writings, whether they can throw any light upon the subject? + + Again: "A peculiar interest," Mr. Collier says, "attaches to one of the + pieces in John Dowland's _First Book of Songs_ (p. 57.), on account of + the initials of 'W. S.' being appended to it, in a manuscript of the + time preserved in the Hamburgh City Library. It is inserted in + _England's Helicon_, 4to., 1600, as from Dowland's _Book of Tablature_, + without any name or initials; and looking at the character and language + of the piece, it is at least not impossible that it was the work of our + great dramatist, to whom it has been assigned by some continental + critics. A copy of it was, many years ago, sent to the author by a + German scholar of high reputation, under the conviction that the poem + ought to be included in any future edition of the works of Shakspeare. + It will be admitted that the lines are not unworthy of his pen; and, + from the quality of other productions in the same musical work, we may + perhaps speculate whether Shakspeare were not the writer of some other + poems there inserted. If we were to take it for granted, that a sonnet + in _The Passionate Pilgrim_, 1599, was by Shakspeare, because it is + there attributed to him, we might be sure that he was a warm admirer of + Dowland, + + 'whose heavenly touch + Upon the lute doth ravish human sense.' + + However, it is more than likely, that the sonnet in which this passage + is found was by Barnfield, and not by Shakspeare: it was printed by + Barnfield in 1598, and reprinted by him in 1605, notwithstanding the + intermediate appearance of it in _The Passionate Pilgrim_." + +May I inquire if any new light has been thrown upon this disputed song +since the publication of Mr. Collier's _Lyric Poems_ in 1844? + +The song is addressed to Cynthia, and, as Mr. Collier says, is not unworthy +of Shakspeare's muse. As it is not of any great length, perhaps it may be +thought worthy of insertion in "N. & Q." + + "TO CYNTHIA. + + "My thoughts are wing'd with hopes, my hopes with love; + Mount, love, unto the moone in cleerest night, + And say, as she doth in the heavens move, + In earth so wanes and waxes my delight: + And whisper this, but softly, in her eares, + Hope oft doth hang the head, and trust shed teares. + + "And you, my thoughts, that some mistrust do cary, + If for mistrust my mistresse do you blame, + Say, though you alter, yet you do not vary, + As she doth change, and yet remaine the same. + Distrust doth enter hearts, but not infect, + And love is sweetest season'd with suspect. + + "If she for this with cloudes do maske her eyes, + And make the heavens darke with her disdaine, + With windie sighes disperse them in the skies, + Or with the teares dissolve them into rain. + Thoughts, hopes, and love return to me no more, + Till Cynthia shine as she hath done before." + +J. M. G. + +Worcester. + +_Mr. Collier's "Notes and Emendations:" Passage in "All's Well that Ends +Well."_-- + + "O you leaden messengers, + That ride upon the violent speed of fire, + Fly with false aim; move the still-peering air, + That sings with piercing, do not touch my lord!" + +Such is the text of the first folio. MR. PAYNE COLLIER, at p. 162. of his +_Notes and Emendations_, informs us that the old corrector of his folio of +1632 reads _volant_ for "violent," _wound_ for "move," and _still-piecing_ +for "still-peering." + +Two of these substitutions are easily shown to be correct. In the +_Tempest_, Act III. Sc. 3., we read: + + "The elements, + Of whom your swords are tempered, may as well + _Wound the loud winds, or with bemockt-at stabs_ + _Kill the still-closing waters_." + +What is _still-closing_ but _still-piecing_, the silent reunion after +severance? What is to _wound the loud winds_ but to _wound the air that +sings with piercing_? + +But as to the third substitution, I beg permission through your pages to +enter a _caveat_. If {427} we had no proof from the text of Shakspeare that +_violent_ is the correct reading, I fancy that any reader's common sense +would tell him that it is more an appropriate and trenchant term than +_volant_. "What judgment would _stoop_ from this to this?" _Volant_, +moreover, is not English, but French, and as such is used in _Henry V._; +but happily, in this case, we have most abundant evidence from the text of +Shakspeare that he wrote _violent_ in the above passage. In _Henry VIII._, +Act I. Sc. 1., we have the passage, + + "We may outrun, + By _violent swiftness_, that which we run at, + And lose by over-running." + +In _Othello_, Act III. Sc. 3., we have the passage, + + "Even so my bloody thoughts, with _violent pace_, + Shall ne'er look back." + +These passages prove that _violent_ is a true Shakspearian epithet for +_velocity_. But how exquisitely appropriate is the epithet when applied to +the velocity of a ball issuing from the mouth of a cannon: and here we have +full confirmation from _Romeo and Juliet_, Act V. Sc. 1., where we read: + + "As _violently_ as hasty powder fir'd + Doth hurry from the fatal cannon's womb." + +I trust that MR. COLLIER will not, in the teeth of such evidence, +substitute _volant_ for _violent_ in correcting the text of his forthcoming +edition. + +C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY. + +Birmingham. + + * * * * * + +GENERAL MONK AND THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE. + +A document has recently come into my possession which may perhaps be deemed +worth preserving in the pages of "N. & Q." It is a letter from the +University of Cambridge to General Monk, and, from the various corrections +which occur in it, it has every appearance of being the original draft. +Unfortunately it is not dated; but there can, I presume, be little doubt of +its having been written shortly before the assembling of the parliament in +April, 1660, which led to the Restoration, and in which Monk sat as member +for the county of Devon. The words erased in the original are here placed +between parentheses, and those substituted are given in Italics: + + My Lord, + + As it hath pleased God to make your Excell^{cie} eminently instrumental + for the raising up of three gasping and dying nations, into the faire + hopes and prospect of peace and settlement, so hath He engraven you (r + name) in characters of gratitude upon the hearts of all (true) _to_ + who_m_ (cordially wish) the welfare of _this_ church and state (are) + _is_ deare and pretious. (Out) From this principle it is that our + University of Cambridge hath, with great alacrity and unanimity, made + choyse of your Excellency with whom to deposite the(ire) managing of + theire concernments in the succeeding Parl^t, w^{ch}, if your + Excell^{cy} shall please to admitt into a favourable (interpretation) + _acceptance_, (you will thereby) you will thereby (add) _put_ a further + obligation of gratitude upon us all; w^{ch} none shalbe more ready to + expresse than he who is + + Your Excell^{cies} most humble serv^t, + W. D. + + [Endorsed] + To the L^d General Monk. + +Who was "W. D."? Was he the then Vice-Chancellor? + +LEICESTRIENSIS. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Notes. + +_Curiosities of Railway Literature._--Has "Bradshaw" had any reviewers? If +not, an example or two from this neighbourhood, of the absurdities which +reappear month after month in the time-tables, may show the necessity of +them. A Midland train proposes to leave Gloucester at 12.40 p.m., and reach +Cheltenham at 1 p.m. The Great Western Company advertise an express train, +on the _very same line_, to leave two minutes _later_ and arrive five +minutes _earlier_. It is therefore obvious, that if these trains were to +keep their proper time, the express must run into the slow coach in front. +The Great Western Railway Company have also, in a very unassuming manner, +been advertising a feat hitherto unparalleled in the annals of railway +speed,--the mail from Cheltenham at 8.20 a.m. to leave Gloucester at 8.27; +that is to say, seven miles, including starting, slackening speed at two or +three "crossings," stopping, starting again, all in seven minutes! Let the +narrow gauge beat this if it can. + +H. H. + +Gloucester. + +_Cromwell's Seal._--I am in possession of a fine seal; it is a beautiful +engraving of the head of Oliver Cromwell, and was once his property: he +presented it to a favourite officer, whose nephew, to whom it was +bequeathed, gave it to the father of the lady from whom I received it a few +years ago. Thus I am in the singular position of being the _fifth_ holder +of it from the Protector. + +Y. S. M. + +Dublin. + +_Rhymes upon Places._--Buckinghamshire: + + "Brill upon the Hill, + Oakley in the Hole, + Shabby little Ickford, + Dirty Worminghall." + +H. T. + +Ingatestow. + +_Tom Track's Ghost._--The following piece of metrical romance has dwelt in +my memory as long {428} as I have been able to remember. I have never seen +it in print, nor heard it, at least for some years, from any one else; and +have not been able to discover who wrote it: + + "Tom Track he came from Buenos Ayres; + And now, thought I, for him who cares: + But soon his coming wrought me woe; + He misled Poll,--as you shall know. + All in the togs that I had bought, + With that ere Tom she did consort, + Which gave my feelings great concern, + And caused a row,--as you shall learn. + So then challenge Tom I did; + We met, shook hands, and took a quid; + I shot poor Tom.--The worse for me; + It brought his ghost,--as you shall see. + Says he, 'I'm Tom Track's ghost, that's flat.' + Says I, 'Now only think on that.' + Says he, 'I'm come to torment you now;' + Which was hard lines,--as you'll allow. + 'So, Master Ghost, belay your jaw; + For if on me you claps a claw, + My locker yonder will reveal, + A tight rope's end, which you shall feel.' + Then off his winding-sheet he throwed, + And by his trousers Tom I knowed; + He wasn't dead; but come to mess, + So here's an end,--as you may guess." + +The _implicatio_, the _agnitio_, and the _peripetia_ are so well worked +out, that Aristotle would, I think, be compelled to admit it as an almost +perfect specimen of that most ancient kind of drama which was recited by +one actor. I refer especially to C. XXII. of the _Poetics_, which says, +that that _agnitio_ is most beautiful which is joined with the _peripetia_, +of which here we have so striking an example. These reasons embolden me to +ask if it be worth preserving in "N. & Q," and who was the author? + +W. FRASER. + +Tor-Mohun. + + * * * * * + + +Queries. + +JACOB BOBART AND HIS DRAGON, ETC. + +Dr. Zachary Grey, in his edition of _Hudibras_, vol. i. p. 125., relates +the following anecdote: + + "Mr. Jacob Bobart, Botany Professor of Oxford, did, about forty years + ago (in 1704), find a dead rat in the Physic Garden, which he made to + resemble the common picture of dragons, by altering its head and tail, + and thrusting in taper sharp sticks, which distended the skin on each + side till it mimicked wings. He let it dry as hard as possible. The + learned immediately pronounced it a dragon, and one of them sent an + accurate description of it to Dr. Maliabechi, Librarian to the Grand + Duke of Tuscany: _several fine copies of verses_ were wrote upon so + rare a subject, but at last Mr. Bobart owned the cheat: however, it was + looked upon as a masterpiece of art, and as such deposited in the + anatomy schools (at Oxford), where I saw it some years after." + +Can any of the readers of "N. & Q." inform me where I can procure the +_several_ fine copies of verses, or where they are to be seen, and any +other particulars relating to Jacob Bobart? + +Where can I procure copies of the following, mentioned in Wood's _Athenae +Oxon._, vol. iii. p. 757.: + + "Poem upon Mr. Jacob Bobards Yew-man of the Guards to the Physic + Garden, to the tune of the 'Counter-Scuffle.' Oxon. 1662." + +On one side of a sheet of paper. + +Also: + + "A Ballad on the Gyants in the Physic Garden in Oxon, who have been + breeding Feet as long as Garagantua was Teeth." + +On one side of a sheet of paper. + +H. T. BOBART. + + * * * * * + +BISHOP BERKELEY'S PORTRAIT. + +The following letter may perhaps have some interest in itself; but I send +it for insertion in the pages of "N. & Q." in the hope of obtaining some +information about the pictures which it mentions. It is addressed on the +back, "The Reverend the Provost and Fellows, Dublin College;" and in the +corner, "Pr. Favour of The Right Hon. Lord Viscount Molesworth;" and does +not appear to have ever passed through the post. + + Reverend Sir, and Gentlemen, + + My late dear Husband, the Rev. Dr. Berkeley, Prebendary of Canterbury, + son of the late Lord Bishop of Cloyne, having most generously appointed + me sole executrix of his will, and having bequeathed to me all his fine + collection of pictures, &c., I trouble you with this to beg to know + whether a very remarkably fine, universally admired portrait of Bishop + Berkeley, in his lawn sleeves, &c., painted by that famous artist + Vanderbank, which, together with its frame (now much broken by frequent + removals), cost five hundred pounds: the back-ground, the frontispiece + to his Lordship's _Minute Philosopher_, and the broken cisterns from + the Prophet Jeremiah: "They have hewn them out broken cisterns." The + late Archbishop of Canterbury was perpetually entreating Dr. Berkeley + to present it to the Gallery of Lambeth Palace, where there is already + a very good portrait of Bishop B.--But _justice_ to my dear excellent + son, then living, as Dr. B. told his Grace, precluded a _possibility_ + of his complying with his request. + + If this picture will be an acceptable present to the Rev. the Provost, + and the Gentlemen Fellows of the University of Dublin, it is now + offered for their acceptance, as a most grateful acknowledgment for the + _very high_ honour[1], they were pleased {429} so graciously to confer + on his Lordship's only descendant, the late learned accomplished George + Monk Berkeley, Esq. (Gentleman Commoner of Magdalene Hall, in the + University of Oxon., and student of the Inner Temple, London), from his + very sincerely grateful mother. + + Some time after the death of his son, Dr. Berkeley told me that at my + death he wished the wonderfully fine portrait of his father to be + presented to some place of _consequence_. I immediately replied, "_To + Dublin College_." He said, "They have one already; perhaps it would be + well to leave it as an heir-loom to the Episcopal Palace at Cloyne." I + said perhaps the gentlemen of Dublin College would prefer this, + esteemed one of the very finest pieces of painting in Europe. The face + certainly looks more like a fine cast in wax, than a painting on + canvas, as numbers of the best judges have always exclaimed on seeing + it. + + I request Dr. Berkeley's noble relation, the excellent Lord Molesworth, + now on a visit in Ireland, to deliver this, and to learn from the + Provost and Gentlemen of the University of Dublin, whether it would be + agreeable to them to receive this, and transfer the one they at present + have to Dr. Berkeley's highly respected friend, the _present_ Bishop of + Cloyne, for the Palace. Lord Molesworth will have the goodness to + receive and transmit the answer of the Provost and Gentlemen to her who + has the honour to subscribe herself, with the most perfect respect, + their + + Very sincerely grateful and + (Thro' her unspeakably dear excellent Son) + _Most highly_ obliged, + ELIZA BERKELEY. + + Chertsey, Surrey, England. + The 18th of Feb., 1797. + +I cannot find any evidence to prove that this letter was ever so much as +received by the University. It came into my possession amongst the papers +of a private friend, a late distinguished ornament of the University, whose +death has been an irreparable loss to the public, to the Church of England, +and to a large circle of friends. No notice of such a letter, or of so +liberal a donation, is to be found in the Register of the University, nor +is there such a picture in our possession. I have made inquiry also, and +find that it is not at Cloyne. The conclusion therefore is, either that +Mrs. Berkeley changed her mind, or that from some accident the letter never +was presented: at all events, it is certain that the picture of Bishop +Berkeley, to which it relates, was never in the possession of the +University for whose halls it was intended. + +Can any one tell me where it now is; and what was the fate of "the fine +collection of pictures" which was the property of Dr. Berkeley of +Canterbury, and bequeathed by him to his widow, the writer of the above +letter? + +J. H. TODD. + +[Footnote 1: This alludes to the honourable degree of LL.B. conferred upon +George M. Berkeley by the University of Dublin, Nov. 8, 1788.] + + * * * * * + + +Minor Queries. + +_Life._--Is it not the general feeling that man, in advancing years, would +not like to begin his life again? I have noted that Edgeworth, Franklin, +and Sismondi express the contrary. + +A. C. + +"_The Boy of Heaven._"--I have a poem entitled _The Boy of Heaven_, copied +some years ago from a manuscript. Can any of your readers inform me who is +the author, whether it has ever appeared in print, or give me any other +information respecting it? + +W. P. + +_Bells._--Can any of your readers inform me why the bells of the Convent of +Santa Theresa, at Madrid, alone have the privilege of tolling on Good +Friday, in that city? In all Roman Catholic countries the bells on that day +are forbidden to be rung; and there is no exception made, even in Rome. + +As much has been said about the _baptizing_ of bells, as if it were a +custom nearly or entirely obsolete, I beg to say that I was present at the +baptizing of a bell in the south-west of France not very long ago; and have +no doubt that the great bell at Bordeaux, which is to have the emperor and +empress as its sponsors, will undergo the full ceremony. + +CERIDWEN. + +_Captain Ayloff._--Where can I find any notices of Captain Ayloff, one of +the coadjutors of Tom Brown in the eccentric _Letters from the Dead to the +Living_? + +V. T. STERNBERG. + +_Robert Johnson._--Perhaps some of your correspondents could give me some +information relative to the pedigree of Robert Johnson, Esq., who was a +baron of the Exchequer in Ireland in 1704; his parentage and descent; his +wife's name and family; his armorial bearings; and date of his birth and +death. + +Was he the Robert Johnson who entered Trinity College, Dublin, in 1671, as +a Fellow Commoner at the age of fourteen? If so, his birthplace was London, +and his father's name was also Robert. + +E. P. L. + +Co. Westmeath. + +_Selling a Wife._--What is the origin of the popular idea, that a man may +legally dispose of his spouse by _haltering_ her, and exposing her for sale +in a public market? Some time ago the custom appears to have been very +prevalent; and only a few months back there was a paragraph in _The Times_, +describing an occurrence of the kind at Nottingham. + +French romancers and dramatists have seized upon it as a leading trait of +English society; and in their remarkably-faithful delineations of English +life it is not unusual to find the blue-beard milord Anglais carting milady +to Smithfield, and {430} enlarging upon her points in the cheap-jack style +to the admiring drovers. + +V. T. STERNBERG. + +_Jock of Arden._--This worthy of the Robin Hood class of heroes, is +understood to figure very prominently in the legendary history of +Warwickshire. Where can any references to his real or supposed history be +found, and what are the legends of which he is the hero? + +W. Q. + +_Inigo Jones._--Where can a full list of mansions and other important +buildings, erected from designs after that great master architect Inigo +Jones, be found? + +A CORRESPONDENT. + +_Dean Boyle._--Wanted, the pedigree of Richard Boyle, Dean of Limerick, and +Bishop of Leighlin in 1661. He had a brother Roger, also in the church. Was +he a grandson of John Boyle of Hereford, eldest brother of Roger, father of +Richard, first Earl of Cork? This John married Alice, daughter of Alex. +Hayworth, of Burdun Hall, Herefordshire. + +Y. S. M. + +Dublin. + +_Euphormio_ (Vol. i., p. 27.).--Mention is made of _Censura Euphormionis_ +and other tracts, called forth by Barclay's works: where can some account +of these be found? + +P. J. F. GANTILLON, B.A. + +_Optical Query._--Last summer the following illusion was pointed out to me +at Sandwich, Kent. The ingenious horizontal machine to enable the treadmill +to grind the wind, in default of more substantial matter, although +certainly revolving only in one direction, say from right to left, at +intervals appeared to change its direction and turn from left to right. +This change appeared to several persons to take place at the same time, and +did not seem to be owing to any shifting of the perpendicular shutters for +regulating the resistance of the air. The point from which I viewed it was +near the south door of St. Clement's Church. Have any of the readers of "N. +& Q." noticed a similar illusion, and can they explain it? + +H. H. + +Gloucester. + +_Archbishop King._--The well-known William King, Archbishop of Dublin, was +interred in the graveyard of the parish of St. Mary, Donnybrook, near +Dublin, as appears from the following entry in the Register of Burials: +"Buried, Archbishop King, May 10th, 1729." There is no stone to mark his +grave. I would be glad to know whether there is any monument elsewhere, + +I would likewise be glad to know whether there is any good engraving of the +archbishop in existence. I have lately procured a copy of a small and +rather curious one, engraved by "Kane o' Hara," and "published, Sept. 20th, +1803, by William Richardson, York House, 31. Strand;" and I am informed by +a friend that a portrait (of what size I am not aware) was sold by auction +in London, 15th February, 1800, for the sum of 3l. 6s. It was described at +that time as "very rare." + +Donnybrook graveyard, I may add, is rich in buried ecclesiastics, +containing the remains of Dr. Robert Clayton, Bishop of Clogher (a man of +note in his day), and other dignitaries of our church. + +ABHBA. + +_Neal's Manuscripts._--In Neal's _History of the Puritans_, he frequently +refers at bottom of the page to a manuscript in his possession thus (MS. +penes me, p. 88.): will any of your readers inform me where this MS. is +preserved, and whether I can have access to it? It was evidently a +voluminous compilation, as it extended to many hundred pages. + +T. F. + +_Whence the Word "Cossack?"_--Alison says, on the authority of _Koramsin_ +(vi. 476.), "The word Cossack means a volunteer or free partisan," &c. +(Vide _History of Europe_, vol. ix. p. 31.) I have found the word "Kasak" +in the Gulistan of Saadi, which there means a robber of the kind called +_rahzan_. From the word being spelt in the Gulistan with a [Arabic: q], it +appears to me to be an Arabic word. Can any reader enlighten + +MUHAMMED? + +A. N. Club + +_Picts' Houses and Argils._--The Cimmerians, a people mentioned by +Herodotus, who occupied principally the peninsula of the Crimea, are +distinguished by Prichard from the Cimbri or Kimbri, but supposed by M. +Amedee Thierry to be a branch of the same race, and Celtic. Many of their +customs are said to present a striking conformity with those of the Cimbri +of the Baltic and of the Gauls. Those who inhabited the hills in the Crimea +bore the name of Taures or Tauri, a word, Thierry says, signifying +mountaineers in both the Kimbric and Gaulish idioms. The tribe of the +plains, according to Ephorus, a Greek writer cotemporary with Aristotle, +mentioned in Strabo, lib. v., dug subterraneous habitations, which they +called _argil_ or _argel_, a pure Kimbric word, which signifies a covered +or deep place: + + [Greek: Ephoros phesin autous en katageiois oikiais oikein has kalousin + argillas.] + +Having seen several of the rude and miserable buildings underground in the +Orkneys, called Picts' houses, I should like to know something of these +_argils_ or _argillae_, but suppose them to be calculated for the +requirements of a more advanced state of society than that of the dwellers +in Picts' houses. Perhaps some of your correspondents could give +information on this matter. {431} For the above, vide Introduction to +Amedee Thierry's _Histoire des Gaulois, &c._, 1828, p. 57. + +W. H. F. + +_The Drummer's Letter._--The letter from the drummer to the corporal's wife +in _The Sentimental Journey_ (it is hardly possible to give a precise +reference to any part of this little work) ends thus: + + "Je suis, Madame, + + "Avec toutes les sentimens les plus respectueux et les plus tendres, + tout a vous, + + "JAQUES ROCQUE." + +Why is the first of the adjectives agreeing with _les sentimens_ in the +wrong gender? The blot may be a trifling one, but I think I may say that it +defaces every copy of this well-known billet-doux. I have seen many +editions of _The Sentimental Journey_, some by the best publishers of the +time in which they lived, and I find the same mistake in all: I do not know +of a single exception. If Sterne wrote _toutes_, it must have been by +accident; there is nothing to prove that he wished to make the poor drummer +commit the solecism, for the rest of his letter is not only correctly, but +even elegantly written. + +C. FORBES. + +Temple. + +_The Cardinal Spider._--I have read somewhere an account of a singular +species of spider, which is of unusually large size, and is said to be +found only in Hampton Court Palace. + +It is supposed by superstitious persons that the spirits of Cardinal Wolsey +and his retinue still haunt the palace in the shape of spiders; hence the +name "Cardinal." + +Can any of your correspondents inform me where such an account is to be met +with, as I have forgotten the name of the book in which I have seen it? + +W. T. + +Norwich. + +_New England Genealogical Society, &c._--Can any of your correspondents +inform me where I can address a letter to, for Dr. Jenks, Secretary to the +New England Genealogical Society? And where can I see a copy of Farmer's +_New England Genealogical Register_, 1829, and _The New England +Genealogical Register and Magazine for 1847_, mentioned by your +correspondent T. WESTCOTT, "N. & Q.," Vol. vi., p. 495.? + +J. K. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Queries with Answers. + +_Dr. John Hartcliffe, Dr. Wm. Cokayne, Dr. Samuel Kettilby._--Can any of +your correspondents tell me whether John Hartcliffe, D.D., Fellow of +King's, Cambridge, and Head-master of Merchant Taylors' from 1681 to 1686, +is _the Dr. Hartcliffe_ whom James II. wishes to instal illegally in the +Provostship of King's, as he attempted to impose a President on Magdalen, +Oxon? + +I should be glad also to know whether there is any continuation of Ward's +_Lives of the Gresham Professors_, reaching to the present time; and, in +particular, the dates of the appointments or deaths of William Cokayne, +D.D., Professor of Astronomy, and William Roman, B.C.L., Professor of +Geometry? + +Likewise, of what faculty was Samuel Kettilby, D.D., Professor; and when +did he die? + +JAMES HESSEY. + +Merchant Taylors'. + + [It was Dr. John Hartcliffe, of Merchant Taylors', that wished to + become Provost of King's College: but the mandate was obtained from + King William, not from James II. Hartcliffe's _Discourse against + Purgatory_, 1685, which Anthony a Wood thinks was publicly burnt in + France, was not likely to recommend him to the favour of the latter + king. The affair of the Provostship is thus stated by Cole (_Hist. of + King's College_, vol. iv. Addit. MSS. 5817.)--"On the death of Dr. + Copleston, Hartcliffe made a great stir, in order to become Provost, + and actually obtained a mandate of King William to the society to + choose him; but he was far from being agreeable to the Fellows of the + college, who, when they heard he was in town, and upon what errand he + came, directly shut up the college gates, and proceeded to an election, + when Dr. Roderick was chosen, with the odds of ten votes to one. This + being transacted in the infancy of King William's reign, he chose not + to stir much in it; but after having shown the Fellows, by the very + petition they made to him, which was presented by Mr. Newborough and + Mr. Fleetwood, that he had a right to present, he dismissed them." A + biographical notice of Dr. Hartcliffe is given in Nichols's _Literary + Anecdotes_, vol. i. pp. 63, 64., and in Wood's _Athenae_ (Bliss), vol. + iv. p. 790. + + No one appears to have continued Ward's _Lives of the Gresham + Professors_. Maitland, in his _History of London_, has brought the + history of the institution down to 1755. Dr. Ward himself had prepared + a new edition, containing considerable additions, which was presented + to the British Museum by his residuary legatee. Among the Additional + MSS. also will be found a large mass of papers and correspondence + relating to the _Lives_. From one document, entitled "Minutes relating + to the Lives of the Professors of Gresham College, being Additions to + the printed Work," we extract the following notice of "William Cokayne, + who was the son of George Cokayne, of Dovebridge in Devonshire, clerk. + He was educated at Merchant Taylors' School, in London, and from thence + elected probationer Fellow of St. John's College, where he was + matriculated 9th July, 1736. He commenced A.M. 9th July, 1744; made + Junior Proctor 1750; and B.D. 4th July, 1751." The date of his + appointment as Astronomy Professor is not given; but his resignation, + in 1795, will be found in the _Gentleman's Magazine_, vol. lxv. p. 711. + He appears to have died in 1798 (see _Ib._, vol. lxviii. p. 641.), when + the Rev. Joseph Monkhouse succeeded him as Rector of Kilkhampton, co. + Cornwall. + + {432} + + The MS. "Minutes" also contain a notice of William Roman, the + thirteenth Geometry Professor, "who was educated at Merchant Taylors' + School, London, and from thence elected to St. John's College, Oxford, + in 1740, being matriculated as the son of Richard Roman, of London, + Gent., aetat. 17. He commenced B.C.L., May 5th, 1747; Deacon at Christ + Church, 21st Sept., 1746; Priest at Christ Church, 20th Sept., 1747." + No date of his appointment, but he was Professor in 1755, when Maitland + wrote his account of the college. Dr. Samuel Kettilby succeeded the + Rev. Samuel Birch as Geometry Lecturer, and died June 25, 1808.--See + _Gentleman's Magazine_, vol. lxxviii. p. 657.] + +"_Haulf Naked._"--In poring over an old deed the other night, I stumbled +upon the above name, which I take to be that of a manor in the county of +Sussex. Is it so? and, if so, by what name is the property now known? + +CHARLES REED. + + [In Dallaway's _Western Sussex_, art. WASHINGTON, vol. ii. pt. ii. p. + 133., is the following entry:--"In 1310, Henry Balduyne sold to Walter + de Halfenaked one messuage, two acres of arable, and two acres of + meadow, in Washington and Sullington. Ped. fin. 3 Edw. II."] + + * * * * * + + +Replies. + +THE LEGEND OF LAMECH--HEBREW ETYMOLOGY. + +(Vol. vii., p. 363.) + +Etymologists are a race who frequently need to be drawn up with a somewhat +tight rein. Our Celtic fellow-subjects will not, perhaps, be much gratified +by MR. CROSSLEY's tracing the first indications of their paternal tongue to +the family of Cain; and as every branch of that family was destroyed by the +deluge, they may marvel what account he can give of its reconstruction +amongst their forefathers. But as his manner of expressing himself may lead +some of your readers to imagine that he is explaining Cain, Lamech, Adah, +Zillah, from acknowledged Hebrew meanings of any parts of those words, it +may be as well to warn them that the Hebrew gives no support to any one of +his interpretations. If fancy be ductile enough to agree with him in seeing +a representation of a human arm holding a sling with a stone in it in the +Hebrew letter called _lamed_, there would still be a broad hiatus between +such a concession, and the conclusion he seems to wish the reader to draw +from it, viz. that the word _lamed_ must have something to do with +slinging, and that consequently _lamed_ must be a slinger. The Hebrew +scholar knows that _lamed_ indisputably signifies to _teach_; and though +perhaps he may not feel sure that the Hebrew consonant _l_ obtained its +name from any connexion with that primary meaning of the root _lamed_, he +will not think it improbable that as the letter _l_, when prefixed to a +noun or verb, _teaches_ the reader the construction of the sentence, that +may have been the reason for its being so named. + +As to a legend not traceable to within some thousand years of the facts +with which it claims to be connected, those may take an interest in it who +like so to do. But as far as we may regard Lamech's address to his wives in +the light of a philological curiosity, it is interesting to observe how +naturally the language of passion runs into poetry; and that this, the most +ancient poetry in existence, is in strict unison with the peculiar +character of subsequent Hebrew poetry; that peculiarity consisting of the +repetition of clauses, containing either the same proposition in a slightly +different form, or its antithesis; a rhyme of thoughts, if we may so say, +instead of a rhyme of sounds, and consequently capable of being preserved +by a literal translation. + +And Lamech said unto his wives,-- + + "Adah and Zillah, hear my voice; + Ye wives of Lamech, hearken unto my speech, + For I have slain a man to my wounding, + And a young man, to my hurt. + If Cain shall be avenged seventy-fold, + Truly Lamech, seventy and seven-fold." + +The construction is more favourable to the belief that the _man_ of line +third is the same as the _young man_ of the parallel clause, than that he +had slain two; the word rendered _hurt_ is properly a _wheal_, the effect +of a severe strife or wound. + +As to the etymologies of the names mentioned by MR. CROSSLEY, we gather +from God's words that she called her first son Cain, an acquisition (the +Latin _peculium_ expresses it more exactly than any English word), because +she had gotten (literally _acquired_, or obtained possession of) a man. As +for Lamech, or more properly L[)e]m[)e]ch, its etymology must be confessed +to be uncertain; but there is a curious and interesting explanation of the +whole series of names of the patriarchs, Noah's forefathers, in which the +name of the other Lemech, son of Methusaleh, is regarded as made up of +_L[)e]_, the prefixed preposition, and of _mech_, taken for the participle +Hophal of the verb to smite or bruise. Adah, [Hebrew: 'DH], is _ornament_; +Zillah, [Hebrew: TSLH] may mean the _shade_ under which a person reposes; +or if the doubling of the _l_ is an indication that its root is [Hebrew: +TSLL], it may mean a dancer. + +H. WALTER. + +Allow me, in reference to MR. CROSSLEY's remarks, to say, that from the +accidental resemblance of the Hebrew and Celtic words _Lamech_ and +_Lamaich_, no philological argument can be drawn of identical meaning, any +more than from the fact that the words Nebuchadnezzar, Belshazar, or +Belteshassar[2], are significant in Russian {433} and Sclavonian, as well +as in Chaldee. _Lamache_ in Arabic means (see Freytag) "_levi intuitu et +furtim adspicere_ aliquem;" also to _shine_, as lightning, or a star. +_Lamech_, therefore, is an appropriate designation for a man known to prowl +about for plunder and murder, and whose eye, whether taking aim or not, +would give a sudden and furtive glance. + +The word _lamed_ signifies, in Hebrew, _teaching_; the word _Talmud_ is +from the same root. It is the same in Syriac and Chaldee. The _original_ +significant of these three languages is to be found in the Arabic _Lamada_: +"_Se submisit_ alicui; _humiliter se gessit_ erga aliquem." (Freytag.) No +argument can be drawn from the shape of the letter [Hebrew: L] (_lamed_), +because, although popularly so called, it is _not_ a Hebrew letter, but a +Chaldee one. The recent discoveries, published in Layard's last work, +demonstrate this fact; Mr. Layard falls into the mistake of calling the +basin inscriptions Hebrew, although Mr. Ellis, who had translated them, +says expressly that the language is Chaldee (_Nineveh and Babylon_, p. +510.), one of them only being Syriac (p. 521.). Chaldee and Syriac, indeed, +differ from each other as little as Chaucer's and Shakspeare's English, +although the written characters are wholly distinct. + +Davis, in his _Celtic Researches_, has done all that was possible, taking a +very limited view, however, in fixing upon certain linguistic resemblances +in some ancient tongues to the Celtic; but a clear apprehension of the +proper place which the Celtic language and its congeners hold in +comparative philology, can only be learnt from such works as Adelung's +_Mithridates_, and Adrien Balbi's _Atlas Ethnographique du Globe_. + +T. J. BUCKTON. + +[Footnote 2: The accidental resemblances are curious. Thus, _Nebucadnetzar_ +is in Russian _nebe kazenniy Tzar_, "A Lord or Prince appointed by heaven;" +or, _nebu godnoi_ _Tzar_, "A Prince fit for heaven." _Belshatzar_ is also +in Russian _bolszoi Tzar_, "A great Prince;" and _Belteshtzar_, Daniel's +Chaldean pagan name, is _byl tesh Tzar_, "he was also a Prince," _i. e._ +"of the royal family."] + +The interpretation of Hessius (_Geschichte der Patriarchen_, i. 83.) is +preferred by Rosenmueller: + + "Ex hujus Doctissimi Viri sententia Lamechus _sese jactat_ propter + filios suos, qui artium adeo utilium essent inventores: Cainum + progenitorem suum propter caedem non esse punitum, multo minus se posse + puniri, si vel simile scelus commisisset. Verba enim non significant, + caedam ab eo revera esse paratam, sed sunt verba hominis admodum + insolentis et profani. Ceterum facile apparet, haec verba a Mose ex + quodam carmine antiquo inserta esse: tota enim oratio poeticam quandam + sublimitatem spirat." + +The sense of these two verses (Gen. iv. 23, 24.) is, according to Dathe: + + "_Si propter viri aut juvenis caedem vulnera et plagae mihi intendantur, + cum de Caino poena septuplex statuta fuerit, in Lamecho id fiet + septuagies septies._" + +Herder, in his _Geist der ebraeischen Poesie_ (i. 344.) says: + + "Carmen hoc Lamechi laudes canere gladii a filio inventi, cujus usum et + praestantiam contra hostiles aliorum insultus his verbis praedicet: + _Lamechi mulieres audite sermonem meum, percipite dicta mea: Occido jam + virum, qui me vulneravit, juvenem, qui plagam mihi infligit. Si Cainus + septies ulciscendus, in Lamecho id fiet septuagies septies._" + +T. J. BUCKTON. + +Birmingham. + +The legend of the shooting of Cain by Lamech is detailed in _The Creation +of the World, with Noah's Flood_, a Cornish mystery, translated into +English by John Keigwin, and edited by Davies Gilbert, Esq. The legend and +translation, in parallel columns, are given also at pp. 15, 16. of Mr. +Gilbert's "Collections and Translations respecting St. Neot," prefixed to +descriptive account (in 4to., with sixteen coloured plates) of the windows +of St. Neot's Church in Cornwall, by Mr. Hedgeland, who restored them, +1805-1829, at the expense of the Rev. Richard Gerveys Grylls, patron, and +formerly incumbent of the living. + +JOSEPH RIX. + +St. Neot's, Huntingdonshire. + + * * * * * + +LORD COKE'S CHARGE TO THE JURY. + +(Vol. vii., p. 376.) + +_Saltpetre-man._--An explanation of this title may be found in a +proclamation of King Charles I. (1625): + + "For the Maintaining and Increasing of the Saltpetre Mines of England, + for the Necessary and Important Manufacture of Gunpowder." + +This proclamation states: + + "That our realm naturally yields sufficient mines of saltpetre without + depending on foreign parts; wherefore, for the future, no dovehouse + shall be paved with stones, bricks, nor boards, lime, sand, nor gravel, + nor any other thing whereby the growth and increase of the mine and + saltpetre may be hindered or impaired; but the proprietors shall suffer + the ground or floors thereof, as also all stables where horses stand, + to lie open with good and mellow earth, apt to breed increase of the + said mine. And that none deny or hinder any _saltpetre-man_, lawfully + deputed thereto, from digging, taking, or working any ground which by + commission may be taken and wrought for saltpetre. Neither shall any + constable, or other officer, neglect to furnish any such + _saltpetre-man_ with convenient carriages, that the King's service + suffer not. _None shall bribe any saltpetre-man_ for the sparing or + forbearing of any ground fit to be wrought for saltpetre," &c. + +It would appear that the _saltpetre-man_ abused his authority, and that the +people suffered a good deal of annoyance from the manner in which this +{434} absurd system was carried out; for two years afterwards we find that +another proclamation was published by the King, notifying, "that the +practice of making saltpetre in England by digging up the floors of +dwelling-houses, &c. &c., tended too much to the grievance of his loving +subjects ... that notwithstanding all the trouble, not one third part of +the saltpetre required could be furnished." It proceeds to state that Sir +John Brooke and Thomas Russell, Esq., had proposed a new method of +manufacturing the article, and that an exclusive patent had been granted to +them. The King then _commands_ his subjects in London and Westminster, that +after notice given, they "carefully keep in proper vessels all human urine +throughout the year, and as much of that of beasts as can be saved." This +appeared to fail; for at the end of the same year, the "stable" monarch +proclaimed a return to the old method, giving a commission to the Duke of +Buckingham, and some others, to "... break open ... and work for +saltpetre," as might be found requisite; and in 1634, a further +proclamation was issued renewing the old ones, but excepting the houses, +stables, &c. of _persons of quality_. + +During the Commonwealth the nuisance was finally got rid of; for an act was +passed in 1656, directing that "none shall dig within the houses, &c. of +any person _without their leave first obtained_." + +BROCTUNA. + +Bury, Lancashire. + +J. O. treats _The Lord Coke, his Speech and Charge, with a Discoverie of +the Abuses and Corruptions of Officers_, 8vo. London: N. Butter, 1607, as a +genuine document; but it is not so; and, lest the error should gain ground, +the following account of the book, from the Preface, by Lord Coke, to the +seventh part of his _Reports_, is subjoined: + + "And little do I esteem an uncharitable and malicious practice in + publishing of an erroneous and ill-spelled pamphlet under the name + Pricket, and dedicating it to my singular good lord and father-in-law, + the Earl of Exeter, as a charge given at the assizes holden at the city + of Norwich, 4th August, 1606, which I protest was not only published + without my privity, but (beside the omission of divers principal + matters) that there is no one period therein expressed in that sort and + sense that I delivered: wherein it is worthy of observation, how their + expectation (of scandalizing me) was wholly deceived; for behold the + catastrophe! Such of the readers as were learned in the laws, finding + not only gross errors and absurdities on law, but palpable mistakings + in the very words of art, and the whole context of that rude and ragged + style wholly dissonant (the subject being legal) from a lawyer's + dialect, concluded that _inimicus et iniquus homo superseminavit + zizania in medio tritici_, the other discreet and indifferent readers, + out of sense and reason, found out the same conclusion, both in respect + of the vanity of the phrase, and for that I, publishing about the same + time one of my commentaries, would, if I had intended the publication + of any such matter, have done it myself, and not to have suffered any + of my works pass under the name of Pricket; and so _una voce + conclamaverunt omnes_, that it was a shameful and shameless practice, + and the author thereof to be a wicked and malicious falsary." + +J. G. + +Exon. + + * * * * * + +WHITE ROSES. + +(Vol. vii., p. 329.) + +The allusion is to the well-known Jacobite badge of the white rose, which +was regularly worn on June 10, the anniversary of the Old Pretender's +birthday, by his adherents. Fielding refers to the custom in his _Amelia_: + + "On the lovely 10th of June, under a serene sky, the amorous Jacobite, + kissing the odoriferous Zephyr's breath, gathers a nosegay of white + roses to deck the whiter breast of Celia."--_Amelia_, edit. 1752, vol. + i. p. 48. + +The following lines are extracted from a collection of considerable merit, +now become uncommon, the authors of the different papers in which were Dr. +Deacon and Dr. Byrom, and which is entitled _Manchester Vindicated_ +(Chester, 1749, 12mo.). The occasion was on a soldier snatching a white +rose from the bosom of a young lady on June 10, 1747: + + I. + + "Phillis to deck her snowy breast + The rival-flowers around display'd, + Thraso, to grace his war-like crest + Of orange-knots a huge cockade, + That reds and whites, and nothing else, + Should set the beaux against the belles! + + II. + + "Yet so it was; for yesterday + Thraso met Phillis with her posies, + And thus began th' ungentle fray, + 'Miss, I must _execute_ those roses.' + Then made, but fruitless made, a snatch, + Repuls'd with pertinacious scratch. + + III. + + "Surpriz'd at such a sharp rebuke, + He cast about his cautious eyes, + Invoking _Vict'ry_ and _the Duke_, + And once again attack'd the prize; + Again is taught to apprehend, + How guardian thorns the rose defend. + + IV. + + "Force being twice in vain apply'd, + He condescended then to reason; + 'Ye _Jacobitish_ ----,' he cry'd + 'In open street, the love of treason + With your white roses to proclaim! + Go home, ye rebel slut, for shame!' + {435} + + V. + + "'Go you abroad to Flanders yonder, + And show your valour there, Sir Knight; + What bus'ness have you here, I wonder, + With people's roses, red or white? + Go you abroad, for shame,' says Phillis, + 'And from the Frenchmen pluck their lilies.' + + VI. + + "'Lilies!' says Thraso, 'lilies too! + The wench, I find, would be a wit, + Had she command of words eno', + And on the right one chanced to hit: + For pity, once, I'll set her clear: + The laurels, you would say, my dear.' + + VII. + + "'No, but I would not, Sir; you know + What laurels are no more than I, + Upon your head they'll never grow, + My word for that, friend, and good-bye: + _He that of roses robs a wench,_ + _Will ne'er pluck laurels from the French._'" + +JAS. CROSSLEY. + + * * * * * + +BURIAL OF UNCLAIMED CORPSE. + +(Vol. vii., pp. 262. 340.) + +A tradition of similar character with that mentioned by E. G. R., and +noticed by J. H. L., is reported to have occurred between the parishes of +Shipdham and Saham Tony in Norfolk, of a corpse being found on the common +pasture of Shipdham, which parish refused to bury it, and the parish of +Saham Tony, therefore, was at the expense thereof, and claimed a +considerable piece of the common pasture from Shipdham, in consequence of +the neglect of the latter parish. + +A fine continues to be paid by Shipdham to Saham to this time; and although +many entries are made of such payments in the early parish accounts, +beginning A.D. 1511, yet in no instance is it said the reason or cause of +these payments being annually made. The said payments are not always of the +same amount; they are sometimes paid in money and sometimes in kind, as the +following instances show. + +The first entry I meet with is in 1511: + + Payd the halffe mark at Saham. + 1512. Delyvyrd to same ij buschells of otts, viij^d; in sylv^r, ij^d. + 1513. The same payment as in 1512. + 1514. No entry of any payment. + 1515. Payd for _woots_ to Saham, vj^d, and ij^d of mony. + 1516. Payd to y^e hallemarke, j^d (not said if to Saham or not). + This entry "to y^e hallemark" may be an error of the scribe for + "y^e halffe mark," as in the first entry under 1511. + 1517. Payd to y^e halffe mark, j^d (no doubt to Saham). + 1518. No entry of payment to Saham. + 1519. Payd to same for ij barssels of owte, vj^d; + to same, ij^d viij^d + 1520. Payd for ij busschellys of otte to same, + viij^d; and a henne, ij^d x^d + 1521. Payd to same for ij buschells of ots, xj^d, + and ij^d in sylver xiij^d + 1522. Payd for y^e half marke, j^d; payd for + oots to same, vij^d viij^d + 1523. Payd for y^e halff mark (no doubt to Saham) j^d + 1524. Payd for otts to sam and wodlod viij^d + 1525. Similar entry to the last. + 1526. Payd for otts to same, viij^d; payd for + wod led to same, j^d ix^d + 1527. Payd the halffe mark, j^d; paid to the + _Comon_, to (two) bussells otts, ix^d, and + a j^d in lieu of a henne xj^d + 1539. Payd to same for the task x^d[3] + 1541. Payd to Thomas Lubard, for ij bs. of + otts to Saham viij^d + Payd to y^e seyd Thomas for j heyn + (hen) to Saham ij^d + +On looking through the town accounts of Shipdham, I find entries of-- + + Payd to the half mark to Saham j^d + Ij bushells oates, and in lieu of a hen ij^d + +The only entry in which I find anything at all apparently relative to the +common is that under 1527. Whether the court books of Saham would throw any +light on the subject, I know not. Should an opportunity offer for my +searching them, I will do so. + +G. H. I. + +P.S.--Although I have given several entries of the customary payments to +Saham, they are merely given to show the different modes of making those +entries, and not in expectation of your giving all of them, unless you +think any further light can be given on the subject. As before, perhaps the +court books of the manor of Saham would assist. + +It was an annual custom for Shipdham people to "Drive the common" (as it +was called) once a year, in a night of an uncertain time, when all the +cattle, &c. found within the limits or boundary of Shipdham were impounded +in a farm-yard adjoining. Upon the common, all those belonging to owners +residing in Shipdham and claimed were set at liberty, while those belonging +to Saham had to be replevied by a small payment, which custom continued up +to the period of the commons being inclosed. Perhaps this custom was by way +of retaliation, by which means the charge of payment of oats and a hen was +recovered by the money paid for replevying their cattle, &c. so impounded. + +[Footnote 3: No payment entered in the accounts between 1527 and 1539. The +average tenpence annually.] + + * * * * * + +PSALMANAZAR. + +(Vol. vii., p. 206.) + +Your correspondent inquires as to the real name of this most penitent of +impostors. I fear that {436} there is now no likelihood of its being +discovered. His most intimate friends appear to have been kept in the dark +on this subject. With respect to his country, the most probable conclusion +seems to be, that he was born in the south of Europe, in a city of +Languedoc. A very near approximation seems to be made to the exact locality +by a careful collation of the circumstances mentioned in his autobiography, +in the excellent summary of his life in the _Gentleman's Magazine_, vols. +xxxiv. and xxxv., which is much better worth consulting than the articles +in Aikin or Chalmers; which are poor and superficial, and neither of which +gives any list of his works, or notices the _Essay on Miracles, by a +Layman_ (London, 1753, 8vo.), which is one of them, though published +anonymously. There is a very amusing account of conversations with him at +Oxford, in the _Gentleman's Magazine_, vol. xxxv. p. 78., in which, before +a large company of ladies and gentlemen who were curious as to the customs +of Formosa, he gravely defended the practice which he said existed in that +country, of cutting off the heads of their wives and eating them, in case +of misconduct. "I think it is no sin," continued he, "to eat human flesh, +but I must own it is a little unmannerly." He admitted that he once ate +part of a black; but they being always kept to hard work, their flesh was +tough and unsavoury. His grandfather, he said, lived to 117, and was as +vigorous as a young man, in consequence of sucking the blood of a viper +warm every morning; but they had been forced to kill him, he being attacked +with a violent fit of the colic, and desiring them to stab him, which, in +obedience to another "custom of the country," they had done. _Splendide +mendax!_ was certainly, in his younger days, this much venerated friend of +our great moralist. I should, however, feel inclined to forgive much of his +extraordinary romancing for the admirable manner in which he settled that +chattering twaddler, Bishop Burnet: + + "He was one day with Dr. Burnet, Bishop of Sarum, who, after his warm + manner, cried, 'Ay, you say so; but what proof can you give that you + are not of China, Japan, or any other country?' 'The manner of my + flight,' replied he, 'did not allow me to bring credentials: but + suppose your lordship were in Formosa, and should say you are an + Englishman, might not the Formosan as justly reply, You say you are an + Englishman; but what proof can you give that you are not of any other + country? for you look as like a Dutchman as any that ever traded to + Formosa.' This silenced his lordship." + +JAMES CROSSLEY. + + * * * * * + +GRAFTS AND THE PARENT TREE. + +(Vol. vii., p. 365.) + +I was surprised to find it stated as "a fact" by MR. INGLEBY, "that grafts, +after some fifteen years, wear themselves out." A visit to one of the great +orchard counties would assure him of the existence of tens of thousands of +grafted apple and pear trees, still in a healthy state, and from forty to +fifty years old, and more. There are grafted trees of various kinds in this +country, which to my own knowledge are upwards of sixty years old; and I +have little doubt but that there are some a good deal older. + +The ancient Ribstone pippin, which stood in Ribstone Park, till it died in +1835, was believed to have been grafted. Such was the opinion of one of the +gardeners there; and a writer in the _Gardeners' Chronicle_, 1845, p. 21., +states that in 1830 he fell in with the Ribstone pippin in great abundance +in Switzerland, in the valley of Sarnen; and he remarks that it is more +probable this apple was introduced into England from that country, than the +reverse. The question has not been conclusively settled. + +Notwithstanding "the belief that the graft perishes when the parent tree +decays" is pronounced by MR. INGLEBY to be a fond superstition, yet there +are certain facts, well known to orchard growers, which give some warrant +for it. Without committing myself altogether to this doctrine, I will state +a few of them. + +It is well known that no cider or perry fruit is so good, on first being +introduced, as it is after fifteen or twenty years of cultivation. A +certain period seems to be required to mature the new sort, and bring it to +its full vigour (long after it is in full bearing) before it is at its +best. The tree, with all its grafted progeny, will last, perhaps fifty, +perhaps more than one hundred years, in a flourishing state, and then they +will begin everywhere to decay; nor has any device yet been successful in +arresting that general decay. + +Witness the rise, progress, and fall of the _Forest Stire_ of +Gloucestershire, the _Foxwhelp_ and _Redstreak_ of Herefordshire, the +_Golden Pippin_, and, more lately, the _Ribstone Pippin_, of which there is +an increasing complaint, not to mention many others in the same condition. +The first-named apple is very nearly extinct, and the small quantity of the +fruit that is still to be had fetches enormous prices. + +Whether this decay be owing to _grafting_, is a question which can be +decided only by the future behaviour of the suckers from the original tree, +several of which from the tree at Ribstone Park are now growing at Chiswick +and elsewhere. + +I am aware that Dr. Lindley combats very eagerly the doctrine that +varieties of the apple and pear, or indeed of any tree, die naturally of +old age; but the only incontrovertible fact which he adduces in support of +his argument, is the existence of the French _White Beurre_ pear, which has +flourished from time immemorial. His denial of the decay of the _Golden +Pippin_, the _Golden {437} Harvey_, and the _Nonpareil_, will not, I think, +be allowed to be just by the experience of your readers; the existence of +the last-named apple for three centuries, supposing it to be true, has not +secured it exemption from the general fate. + +H. C. K. + +---- Rectory, Hereford. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE. + +_Glass Baths._--Several of your correspondents finding a difficulty in +making glass baths, I beg to communicate the way in which they may be very +easily manufactured. Having obtained two pieces of patent plate glass, +grind the edges, which may readily be done by a scythe sand-stone, where +other contrivances are not handy. Cut for the bottom of the bath a slip of +the same glass three-quarters of an inch in breadth; and for the sides, +from ordinary window-glass, four wedges, being about three-fifths of an +inch at one end, tapering down to the thickness of the piece of plate glass +at the bottom. If several pieces are cut off promiscuously, four may be +selected which have exactly the same angle, so as to form an even support +to the sides. The glass being perfectly clean, dry, and as warm as can be +conveniently held by the hand, fix the bottom and then the sides by means +of the _very best_ sealing-wax, which will perfectly adhere to the glass. +If the commoner sorts of wax are used, some marine glue must be added to it +to temper it. The side slips should be fixed a quarter of an inch apart, so +as to form a cavity, which must be entirely filled up with wax. The wax may +be used as in sealing a letter in the first instance; but, in order to give +the whole bath solidity, and expel every particle of air from between the +glass, I use a heated pointed iron, as a plumber does in the act of +soldering. This, passed over the external parts of the wax, also gives it a +hardness and smooth finish. + +These details may appeal trifling, and others may have more ingenious modes +of accomplishing the object; but having used baths so constructed upwards +of twelve months without leakage, I believe they will be found to be most +economical, and far more to be relied on than gutta percha. A good bath so +made should require about six ounces of solution of nitrate of silver to +take a picture eight inches square. Your observations in a former Number, +respecting the uncertainty of gutta percha, I have found to be perfectly +true. Samples of gutta percha constantly vary; and one may contain +impurities acted upon by the chemicals, which another does not. A small rim +formed by sealing-wax dissolved in spirits of wine, and applied twice or +thrice along the upper edge of the bath, is sufficient to protect the +prepared glass from adhering to the front of the bath when in use. + +H. W. D. + +_Securing Calotype Negatives._--Will any of your correspondents be good +enough to say what they consider the best method of securing a calotype +paper negative for a few days or a week, in cases where it may be +difficult, from lack of conveniences during that time, to use hyposulph., +with its consequent washings, &c.? Some, I believe, recommend bromide of +potassium; some, the iodide; others, common salt: but I should like to know +which is considered the _best_; what strength, and how applied. Also, +whether any subsequent treatment is necessary previous to the final +application of the hypo. + +W. T. + + * * * * * + + +Replies to Minor Queries. + +_Wood of the Cross_ (Vol. vii., pp. 177. 334.).--I find, in your 179th +Number, p. 334., a communication on "The Wood of the Cross." Mention is +made of the several kinds of wood of which the cross is said to have been +made--elder, olive, &c. It is a somewhat curious coincidence, that +yesterday I was with a farmer in his garden, and observing on several +apple-trees some luxuriant mistletoe, I remarked that it was principally +found on that tree, sometimes on the oak, but rarely on other trees. The +farmer, after inquiring whether it could be propagated by cuttings, &c., +asked if I had ever understood that our Saviour's cross was made of +mistletoe? On replying in the negative, and remarking that it was +altogether unsuitable for such a purpose, he rejoined, that, previously to +that event, it was a large strong tree, but subsequently had been doomed to +have only a parasitical (not that he used the term) existence. + +As CEYREP said "I never heard of our Lord's cross having been made of elder +wood," so I would also add, I never heard before of its being made of +mistletoe. Did any one else ever hear of this tradition? + +S. S. S. + +_Bishops' Lawn Sleeves_ (Vol. vi., p. 271.).--J. G. T. has inquired +concerning the date and origin of the present robes of Anglican bishops. +Mr. Trevor thus describes the bishop's dress in Convocation, which is the +proper dress of the episcopate: + + "The chimere is the Convocation habit of a doctor of divinity in + Oxford, made of silk instead of cloth, as the rochet is an alb of lawn + in place of linen, _honoris causa_: the detaching the sleeves from the + rochet, and sewing them to the upper garment instead, is obviously a + contrivance of the robe-makers. Dr. Hody says that the scarlet robe + worn by the bishops in the House of Lords is the doctor's gown at + Cambridge; the first archbishops after the Reformation being of that + university. (_Hody_, 140.) At Parker's consecration he appeared first + in a scarlet gown and hood; then at the Holy Communion he and two of + the consecrating bishops {438} wore white surplices, while the senior + had a cope: and after his consecration he and the two diocesan bishops + endued themselves in the now customary dress of a bishop, the + archbishop having about his neck a collar of sables (_Cardw. Doc. + Ann._, i. 243.). Before the Reformation, it was remarked as peculiar to + the English bishops, that they always wore their white rochets, 'except + when hunting.' (_Hody_, 141.)"--_The Two Convocations, Note on_, p. + 195. + +W. FRASER. + +Tor-Mohun. + +_Inscriptions in Books_ (Vol. vii., pp. 127. 337.).--The two accompanying +inscriptions in books were given to me the other day. The second is, I +believe, much in vogue at Rugby. + + "Si quis errantem + Videat libellum + Reddat, aut collo + Dabitur capistrum + Carnufex ejus + Tunicas habebit + Terra cadaver." + + "Small is the wren, + Black is the rook, + Great is the sinner + That steals this book." + +W. W. + +As your correspondent BALLIOLENSIS inquires regarding inscriptions in +books, perhaps the following may add to his proposed collection, being an +old ditty much in use among schoolboys, &c.: + + "Hic liber est meus, + And that I will show; + Si aliquis capit, + I'll give him a blow." + +N. N. + +_Lines quoted by Charles Lamb_ (Vol. vii., p. 286.).--The author of the +lines quoted-- + + "Bind me, ye woodbines, in your twines; + Curl me about, ye gadding vines," &c.-- + +is Andrew Marvell. They are taken from his fine poem on Nun-Appleton, Lord +Fairfax's seat in Yorkshire; and will be found in vol. iii. p. 198. of +Marvell's _Works_, edit. 1776, 4to. + +JAS. CROSSLEY. + +_Parochial Libraries_ (Vol. vi., p. 432.; Vol. vii., pp. 193. 369.).--Upon +visiting Cartmel in Lancashire ten years ago, I found a library in the +vestry, and in my diary made the following entry: + + "There is a small library in the vestry, of a very miscellaneous + description, left by a former incumbent, two hundred years ago, to the + vicar for the time being, to be kept in the vestry. There is a fine + copy, in small quarto, of Spenser's _Faery Queene_ in the collection, + of the date 1560." + +How I ascertained the date of the gift, or whether there were any other +particulars worth recording, I do not remember. Since taking "N. & Q." I +have learnt the benefit, I might say the necessity, of being more +particular. + +BRICK. + +To your list of parochial libraries may be added one in Swaffham Church, +Norfolk, bequeathed to the parish by one of the Spelman family. It contains +several hundred volumes, and among them some of the Elzevir classics. About +seven years ago I visited Swaffham, and found this collection of books in a +most disgraceful state, covered with dust and the dung of mice and bats, +and many of the books torn from their bindings. It would afford me great +pleasure to hear that more care is taken of such a valuable collection of +books. There is also a smaller library, in somewhat better preservation, in +the vestry of St. Peter's, Mancroft Church, in the city of Norwich. + +E. G. R. + +There are parochial libraries at Milden, Brent Eleigh, and at All Saints, +Sudbury, Suffolk. See Rev. C. Badham's _Hist. and Antiq. of All Saints, +Sudbury_, 8vo. London, 1852, pp. 105-109. + +W. SPARROW SIMPSON, B.A. + +_Huet's Navigations of Solomon_ (Vol. vii., p. 381.).--In reply to EDINA'S +Query, Huet's treatise _De Navigationibus Salomonis_ was published in 1698, +12mo., at Amsterdam, and before his work on the Commerce of the Ancients +was printed. EDINA will find a short extract of its contents in vol. ii. p. +479. of Dr. Aikin's _Translation of Huet's Autobiography_, published in +1810 in two volumes 8vo. The subject is a curious and interesting one; but, +from my perusal of the tract, I should scarcely say that Huet has treated +it very successfully, or that the book is at all worthy of his learning or +acuteness. + +JAS. CROSSLEY. + +_Derby Municipal Seal_ (Vol. vii., p. 357.).--The "buck in the park," on +the town seal of Derby, is probably a punning allusion to the name of that +place, anciently _Deora-by_ or _Deor-by_, i. e. the abode of the deer. + +C. W. G. + +_Annueller_ (Vol. vii., pp. 358. 391.).--Bishop Ergham founded St. Anne's +College in Wells, for the maintenance of Societas (xiv.) Presbyterorum +annuellarum Novae Aulae Wellensis. The _annuellar_ was a secular conduct, +receiving a yearly stipend. These priests, probably, served his chantry at +Wells. + +MACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A. + +_Reverend Richard Midgley, Vicar of Rochdale_ (Vol. vii., p. 380).--The +collection of the lives of pious persons to which Dr. Whitaker refers, as +containing a very interesting account of Midgley, will undoubtedly be +Samuel Clarke's _Lives of Thirty-two English Divines_. The passage, which +will scarcely be new to your correspondent, is at p. 68. of the life of +"Master Richard Rothwell" (Clarkes's _Lives_, edit. 1677, fol.), and a very +pleasing passage it is, and one that I might almost {439} be justified in +extracting. Dr. Whitaker and Brook (_Lives of the Puritans_, vol. ii. p. +163.) seem to be at variance with regard to the Midgleys, the former +mentioning only one, and the latter two, vicars of the family. + +JAS. CROSSLEY. + +_Nose of Wax_ (Vol. vii., p. 158.).--Allow me to refer to a passage in "Ram +Alley, or Merry Tricks," by Lodowick Barry (which is reprinted in the fifth +volume of Dodsley's _Old Plays_), illustrative of this term. In Act I. Sc. +1., _Dash_ describes the law as + + "The kingdom's eye, by which she sees + The acts and thoughts of men." + +Whereupon _Throate_ observes: + + "The kingdom's eye! + I tell thee, fool, it is the kingdom's nose, + By which she smells out all these rich transgressors; + Nor is't of flesh, but merely made of _wax_, + And 'tis within the power of us lawyers, + To wrest this _nose of wax_ which way we please." + +This illustration was overlooked by Nares, to whose _Glossary_ you refer. + +C. H. COOPER. + +Cambridge. + +_Canongate Marriages_ (Vol. v., p. 320.; Vol. vii., p. 67.).--The +correspondent who expressed his surprise some time ago at his Query on this +subject not having called forth any remark from your Scotch friends, will +perhaps find the explanation of this result in the fact, that in Scotland +we are guided by the civil or Roman law on the subject of marriage; and +consequently, with us marriage is altogether a civil contract; and we need +the intervention neither of clergyman, Gretna blacksmith, or the equally +disreputable Canongate coupler. The services of the last two individuals +are only sought for by you deluded southerns. All we require here is the +agreement or consent of the parties ("_consensus non_ concubitus facit +matrimonium"); and the legal questions which arise have reference chiefly +to the evidence of this consent. The agreement may be made verbally, or in +writing, before witnesses or not, as the parties choose. Or a marriage may +be constituted and proved merely by habit and repute, _i. e._ by the +parties living together as man and wife, and the man allowing the woman to +be addressed as his wife. A promise of marriage, followed by _copula_, also +constitutes a marriage. But it would be out of place here to enter into all +the arcana of the Scotch law of marriage: suffice it to say, that it +prevails equally at John o' Groat's House and Aberdeen, as in the Canongate +or at Gretna Green. A _regular_ marriage requires certain formalities, such +as the publication of banns, &c. An _irregular_ one is equally good in law, +and may be contracted in various ways, as above explained. + +This law, though _at first sight_ likely to lead to great abuses, really +works well in practice; and prevents the occurrence of those distressing +cases, which not unfrequently happen in England, of seduction under promise +of marriage, and subsequent desertion. + +SCOTUS. + +_Smock Marriages_ (Vol. vii., p. 191.).--According to Scotch law, the +marriage of the father and mother legitimises all children _previously_ +born, however old they may be. This is called legitimisation _per +subsequens matrimonium_, and is not unfrequently taken advantage of by +elderly gentlemen, who, after having passed the heyday of youth, wish to +give their children a position, and a legal right to inherit their +property. Like the rule as to marriage above explained, it is derived from +the Roman or civil law. There are very few, I should rather say _no_, legal +fictions in the Scotch law of the nature alluded to by your correspondent. + +SCOTUS. + +_Sculptured Emaciated Figures_ (Vol. v., p 497.; Vol. vi. _passim_).--In +Dickinson's _Antiquities of Nottinghamshire_, vol. i. p. 171., is a notice +with an engraving of a tomb in Holme Church, near Southwell, bearing a +sculptured emaciated figure of a youth evidently in the last stage of +consumption, round which is this inscription: "Miseremini mei, miseremini +mei, saltem vos amici mei, quia manus Domini tetigit me." + +J. P., JUN. + +_Do the Sun's Rays put out the Fire_ (Vol. vii., p. 285.).--It is known +that solar light contains three distinct kinds of rays, which, when +decomposed by a prism, form as many spectra, varying in properties as well +as in position, viz. luminous, heating or calorific, and chemical or +actinic rays. + +The greater part of the rays of heat are even less refrangible than the +least refrangible rays of light, while the chemical rays are more +refrangible than either. The latter are so called from their power of +inducing many chemical changes, such as the decomposition of water by +chlorine, and the reactions upon which photographic processes depend. + +The relative quantities of these several kinds of rays in sun-light varies +with the time of day, the season, and the latitude of any spot. In general, +where the luminous and heating rays are most abundant, the proportion of +chemical rays is least; and, in fact, the two seem antagonistic to each +other. Thus, near the equator, the luminous and calorific rays being most +powerful, the chemical are feeble, as is shown by the length of time +required for the production of photographic pictures. Hence, also, June and +July are the worst months for the practice of photography, and better +results are obtained before noon than after. + +It is precisely for a similar reason that the combustion of an ordinary +fire, being strictly a chemical change, is retarded whenever the sun's +heating and luminous rays are most powerful, as during bright {440} +sunshine, and that observe our fires to burn more briskly in summer than +winter; in fact, that apparently "the sun's rays put out the fire." + +A. W. W. + +Univ. Coll., London. + +_Spontaneous Combustion_ (Vol. vii., p. 286.).--A most interesting +discussion of this question is to be found in Liebig's _Familiar Letters +upon Chemistry_. + +That chemist proves conclusively:--1. That of the cases adduced none is +well authenticated, while in most it is admitted that the victims were +drunkards, and that generally a candle or lamp was in the room, and after +the alleged combustion was found turned over. 2. That spontaneous +combustion is absolutely impossible, the human frame containing 75 or 80 +per cent. of water; and since flesh, when saturated with alcohol, is not +consumed upon the application of a light, the alcohol burning off first, +the causes assigned to account for the spontaneous ignition are _a priori_ +extremely improbable. + +A. W. WILLS. + +Univ. Coll., London. + +_Ecclesia Anglicana_ (Vol. vii., p. 12.).--This has always been the +appellation of the Church of England, just as much before the Reformation +as after. I copy for G. R. M. one rather forcible sentence from the +articles of a provincial synod, holden A.D. 1257: + + "Et super istis articulis praenotatis fecit Bonifacius, Cant. Arch. + suorum suffraganeorum sibi subditorum universorum, praelatorum pariter + et cleri procuratorum, convocationem isto anno apud Londonias semel et + secundo, propter gravamina et oppressiones, de die in diem per summum + pontificem et D. Henricum Regem _Ecclesiae Anglicanae_ + irrogatas."--Wilkin's _Concilia Mag. Brit. et Hib._, vol. i. p. 726. + +For other examples of the ante-reformational use of _Ecclesia Anglicana_, I +can give him so large a reference as to Wilkins' book, _passim_; to the +Writs for Parliament and Mandates for Convocation contained in the Appendix +to Wake's _State of the Church and Clergy_; and to the extracts from _The +Annals of Waverley_, and other old chronicles, quoted in Hody's _History of +English Councils and Convocations_. + +W. FRASER. + +Tor-Mohun. + +_Wyle Cop_ (Vol. iv., pp. 116. 243. 509.; Vol. v., p. 44.; Vol. vi., p. +65.).--The summit of a steep hill in the town of Shrewsbury bears the name +of _The Wyle Cop_. I think that these are two Welsh words, _Gwyl Cop_, +meaning watch mound, slightly altered. _Gop_, near Newmarket in Flintshire, +has a longer Welsh name, which is written by English people _Coperleni_. +This, when correctly written, means, the mound of the light or fire-beacon. +_Mole Cop_, the name of a lofty hill near Congleton, appears to be a slight +corruption of the Welsh words _Moel y Cop_, the mountain of the mound. +There is another lofty hill in Staffordshire called _Stiles Cop_. It seems +probable that on both of these hills mounds may have been made in ancient +times for the erection of fire-beacons. It would appear that Dr. Plot did +not understand the Welsh language, as he has stated that he thought, in +these instances, the word _Cop_ meant a mountain. + +N. W. S. (2.) + +_Chaucer_ (Vol. vii., p. 356).--No foreign original has ever been found for +Chaucer's "House of Fame." Warton fancied that it had been translated or +paraphrased from the Provencal, but could adduce no proof that it had. Old +Geoffrey may have found the groundwork somewhere, in the course of his +multifarious reading; but the main portion of the structure is evidently +the work of his own hands, as the number of personal details and +circumstances would tend to indicate. The forty lines comprising the "Lai +of Marie," which Chaucer has worked up into the "Nonnes Preestes Tale" of +some seven hundred lines, are printed in Tyrwhitt's Introductory Discourse +to the _Canterbury Tales_, and will be sufficient to show what use he made +of the raw material at his disposal. We may fairly presume that Emerson +never took the trouble to investigate the matter, but contented himself +with snatching up his materials from the nearest quarry, and then tumbling +them out to the public. + +J. M. B. + +Tunbridge Wells. + +_Campvere, Privileges of_ (Vol. vii., p. 262.).--J. D. S. asks, "What were +these privileges, and whence was the term Campvere derived?" + +In Scotland there exists an ancient institution called "The Convention of +Royal Burghs," which still meets annually in Edinburgh, under the fixed +presidency of the Lord Provost of that city. It is a representative body, +consisting of delegates elected by the town councils of the royal burghs +(not _boroughs_) of Scotland; and their business is to attend to such +public measures as may affect the general interests of their constituents. +In former times, however their powers and duties were of far more +importance than they are now. The Convention seems to have exercised a +general superintendence of the foreign trade of the kingdom. With a view to +the promotion of that trade, they used to enter into commercial treaties, +or _staple contracts_ as they were called, with the commercial cities of +the Continent; and I have now before me one of these staple contracts, made +with the city of Antwerp in 1540; and another with the city of Middleburg, +in Zeeland, in 1541; but latterly they seem to have confined themselves to +the town of _Campvere_, in Zeeland (island of Walcheren). In all these +contracts it was stipulated {441} that the Scottish traders should enjoy +certain privileges, which were considered of such importance that the crown +appointed a _conservator_ of them. The last of these staple contracts was +made with Campvere in the year 1747; but soon afterwards the increasing +prosperity of Scotland, and the participation of its burgesses in the +foreign trade of England, rendered such partial arrangements useless, and +the contracts and the privileges have long since been reckoned among the +things that were. The office of conservator degenerated into a sinecure. It +was held for some time by the _Rev._ John Home, author of the tragedy of +_Douglas_, who died in 1808; and afterwards by a Sir Alex. Lenier, whose +name is found in the _Edinburgh Almanack_ as "Conservator at Campvere" till +1847, when the office and the officer seem to have expired together. + +J. L. + +_Sir Gilbert Gerard_ (Vol. v., pp. 511. 571.).--In addition to the +information I formerly sent you in answer to MR. SPEDDING'S inquiry, I am +now enabled to state two facts, which greatly reduce the period within +which the date of Sir Gilbert Gerard's death may be fixed. Among the +records in Carlton Ride, is an enrolment of his account as _Custos Domus +Conversorum_ from January 29, 34 Eliz. (1592) to January 29, 35 Eliz. +(1593). And a search in Doctors' Commons has resulted in the discovery, +that Sir Gilbert's will was proved, not, as Dugdale states, in April, 1592, +but on April 6, 1593. He died therefore between January 29 and April 6, +1593. + +Dugdale mentions that there is no epitaph on his monument. + +EDWARD FOSS. + +_Mistletoe_ (Vol. vii., p. 270.).--I wish to mention that the mistletoe has +been tried at the Botanic Gardens belonging to Trinity College, Dublin; +and, after flourishing for some years, it died away. Indeed, I think it has +been repeatedly tried there, but without eventual success. + +Y. S. M. + +Dublin. + +_Wild Plants and their Names_ (Vol. vii., p. 233.).--_Cowslip_, "Palsy +Wort." Culpepper says: + + "Because they strengthen the brain and nerves, and remedy palsies, the + Greeks gave them the name _paralysis_." "The flowers preserved, or + conserved, and the quantity of a nutmeg taken every morning, is a + sufficient dose for inward disorders." + +For the ointment he gives the following receipt: + + "Bruise the _flowers_; and to two handfuls of these, add a pound of + hog's grease dried. Put it in a stone pot, covered with paper, and set + it in the sun or a warm place three or four days to melt. Take it out + and boil it a little; strain it out when hot; pressing it out very hard + in a press. To this grease add as many herbs as before, and repeat the + whole process, if you wish the ointment strong.--Yet this I tell you, + the fuller of juice the herbs are, the sooner will your ointment be + strong; the last time you boil it, boil it so long till your herbs be + crisp, and the juice consumed; then strain it, pressing it hard in a + press; and to every pound of ointment, add two ounces of turpentine, + and as much wax." + +CERIDWEN. + +_Coninger or Coningry, Coneygar or Conygre_ (Vol. vii., pp. 182. 241. +368.).--There are many fields in the midland counties which bear the name +of _conigree_. In some instances they are in the vicinity of manor-houses. +The British name of a rabbit is _cwningen_, plural _cwning_. That of a +rabbit warren is _cwning-gaer_, that is, literally, rabbits' camp. The term +_coneygar_ is so like this, that it may be supposed to have been derived +from it. + +N. W. S. (2) + + * * * * * + + +Miscellaneous. + +NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC. + +It would be difficult to find a book better calculated to prove the good +service which the Camden Society is rendering to historical literature, +than the one which has just been circulated among its members. The work, +which is entitled _Letters and Papers of the Verney Family down to the end +of the year 1639. Printed from the original MSS. in the possession of Sir +Harry Verney, Bart., edited by_ John Bruce, Esq., Treas. S. A., is of +direct historical value, although at the first glance it would seem rather +to illustrate the fortunes of the Verneys than the history of the country. +For, as the editor well observes-- + + "The most valuable materials, even for general history, are to be found + among the records of private and personal experience. More true + knowledge of the spirit of an age, more real acquaintance with the + feelings and actual circumstances of a people, may be gleaned from a + delineation of the affairs of a single family, than from studied + historical composition. The one is the expression of cotemporary and + spontaneous feeling, and, although limited, is unquestionably genuine; + the other is a deduction from knowledge, imperfect even when most + extensive, and too frequently coloured by the feelings and prejudices + of a subsequent and altered period." + +But, valuable as are the materials which the liberality of Sir Harry Verney +has placed at the disposal of the Society, it is obvious that they are of a +nature which a publisher might hesitate to produce, even if their owner, +which is very doubtful, had thought fit to place them in the hands of one +for that purpose. Hence the utility of a society which has influence to +draw from the muniment rooms of our old families, such materials as those +found in the present volume, and which, strung together with the agreeable +and instructive narrative with which Mr. Bruce has accompanied them, will +secure for the _Verney Papers_ the character of being one of the very best, +as well as of the most amusing books, which the Camden Society has given to +the world. {442} + +Having had an opportunity of being present at the private view of Messrs. +De la Motte and Cundall's _Photographic Institution_, in New Bond Street, +we were highly pleased with the interesting specimens of the art there +collected, which in our opinion far exceed any similar productions which +have come before the public. We strongly advise our readers to visit this +exhibition, that they may see the rapid progress which the art is making, +and how applicable it is to their archaeological pursuits. + +BOOKS RECEIVED.--_The Vale Royal of England, or the County Palatine of +Chester Illustrated. Abridged and revised, &c._, by Thomas Hughes. The +title-page of this little volume puts forth its claim to the attention of +Cheshire antiquaries.--_The Family Shakspeare_, by Thomas Bowdler, Vol. VI. +This volume completes this handsome reprint of an edition of Shakspeare, +which fathers and brothers, who may scruple at bringing before their +daughters and sisters the blemishes which the character of the age has left +in Shakspeare's writings, may safely present to them; as in it nothing is +added to the original text, from which only those words and expressions are +omitted which cannot with propriety be read in a family. + + * * * * * + + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE. + + TILLOTSON. Vols. I., II., IV., V., XI. 12mo. Tonson, London, 1748. + + LIVY. Vol I. 12mo. Maittaire, London, 1722. + + ANNALS AND MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY. Vols. I., II., III., IV., V., + XIX., XX. 5s. each. The above in Parts or Monthly Numbers will do. + + THE AVIARY, OR MAGAZINE OF BRITISH MELODY. + + A COLLECTION OF DIVERTING SONGS, AIRS, &c.: Both published about the + middle of last century. + + CHURCHMAN'S SHEET ALMANAC: all the Years. + + GRETTON'S INTRODUCTION TO TRANSLATION, &c. Part II. + + VIEWS OF ARUNDEL HOUSE IN THE STRAND, 1646. London, published by T. + Thane, Rupert Street, Haymarket. 1792. + + PARKER'S GLOSSARY OF ARCHITECTURE. 2nd Edition. + + PICKERING'S STATUTES AT LARGE. 8vo. Edit. Camb. From 46 Geo. III. cap. + 144. (Vol. XLVI. Part I.) to 1 Wm. IV. + + EUROPEAN MAGAZINE. Nos. for May, 1817; January, February, May, June, + 1818; April, June, July, October, and December, 1819. + + STANHOPE'S PARAPHRASE OF EPISTLES AND GOSPELS. London, 1732. Vols. III. + and IV. + + THE LAWYER AND MAGISTRATE'S MAGAZINE, complete, or single Volumes, + _circa_ 1805-1810. + + TODD'S CYCLOPAEDIA OF ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY. + + PHELPS' HISTORY AND ANTIQUITIES OF SOMERSETSHIRE. Part 4., and Parts 9. + to end. + + BAYLE'S DICTIONARY. English Version, by DE MAIZEAUX. London, 1738. Vols. + I. and II. + + SWIFT'S (DEAN) WORKS. Dublin: G. Faulkner. 19 volumes 1768. Vol. I. + + TRANSACTIONS OF THE MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. Vol. I. and II. + + ARCHAEOLOGIA. Vols. III., IV., V., VII. Boards. + + MARTYN'S PLANTAE CANTABRIGIENSES. 12mo. London, 1763. + +*** _Correspondents sending Lists of Books Wanted are requested to send +their names._ + +*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be +sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + + +Notices to Correspondents. + +_Owing to a necessity for going to press this week at an unusually early +period, that the present Number might be included in the Monthly Part, we +are compelled to omit replies to many Correspondents._ + +L. A. M. (Great Yarmouth) _will find several Notes respecting the means of +discovering the bodies of the drowned in our_ 4th Vol., pp. 148. 251. 297. + +H. O. N. (Brighton). _In our own practice we have never obtained pictures +with the agreeable colour which is produced by the iodide of silver, when +iodide of ammonium has been used. The flaking of the collodion would +indicate an excess of iodide, and is often cured by the addition of about +twenty drops of alcohol to an ounce of collodion. The feathery appearance +is difficult to comprehend, without seeing a specimen. If you are using +glass which has been previously used, the most minute remains of iron would +cause a discoloration. Muriatic acid is the most effectual remedy for +cleaning glass so used. It may be procured at_ 21/2d. _per lb., and should be +diluted with three parts of water._ + +AN AMATEUR (Oxford). _We are not of opinion that Mr. Talbot could restrain +any one from taking collodion portraits, as patentee of the Talbotype +process. It is done in many parts of London daily without any +permission.--See _Times'_ Advertisements, &c._ + +C. E. F. _We think you use too strong a solution of the ammonio-nitrate of +silver: thirty grains to the ounce of water, and then redissolved with the +strong liq. ammon., give to us most satisfactory result,--the paper being +prepared before with chloride of barium, chloride of sodium, and chloride +of ammonia, of each half a drachm to the quart of water, in which half an +ounce of mannite, or sugar of milk, has been previously dissolved. When +sufficiently printed, put it into the hypo. sulph. solution, without +previous immersion._ + +H. L. L. _We shall be happy to render you the best assistance we can, if +you will communicate with us again. For iodized paper we may safely refer +you to our advertising columns._ + +_A few complete sets of_ "NOTES AND QUERIES," Vols. i. _to_ vi., _price +Three Guineas, may now be had; for which early application is desirable._ + +"NOTES AND QUERIES" _is published at noon on Friday, so that the Country +Booksellers may receive Copies in that night's parcels, and deliver them to +their Subscribers on the Saturday._ + + * * * * * + + +NEW ACHROMATIC MICROSCOPES on MR. PRITCHARD'S construction, Micrometers, +Polarizing Apparatus, Object glasses, and Eye-pieces. S. STRAKER supplies +any of the above of the first quality, and will forward by post free a new +priced List of Microscopes and Apparatus. + +162. FLEET STREET, LONDON. + + * * * * * + + +PURE NERVOUS or MIND COMPLAINTS.--if the readers of NOTES AND QUERIES, who +suffer from depression of spirits, confusion, headache, blushing, +groundless fears, unfitness for business or society, blood to the head, +failure of memory, delusions, suicidal thoughts, fear of insanity, &c., +will call on, or correspond with, REV. DR. WILLIS MOSELEY, who, out of +above 22,000 applicants, knows not fifty uncured who have followed his +advice, he will instruct them how to get well, without a fee, and will +render the same service to the friends of the insane.--At home from 11 to +3. + +18. BLOOMSBURY STREET, BEDFORD SQUARE. + + * * * * * + + +SPECTACLES.--WM. ACKLAND applies his medical knowledge as a Licentiate of +the Apothecaries' Company, London, his theory as a Mathematician, and his +practice as a Working Optician, aided by Smee's Optometer, in the selection +of Spectacles suitable to every derangement of vision, so as to preserve +the sight to extreme old age. + +ACHROMATIC TELESCOPES, with the New Vetzlar Eye-pieces, as exhibited at the +Academy of Sciences in Paris. The Lenses of these Eye-pieces are so +constructed that the rays of light fall nearly perpendicular to the surface +of the various lenses, by which the aberration is completely removed; and a +telescope so fitted give one-third more magnifying power and light than +could be obtained by the old Eye-pieces. Prices of the various sizes on +application to + +WM. ACKLAND, Optician, 93. Hatton Garden, London. + + * * * * * + + +STEEL PENS.--PARTRIDGE & COZEN'S STEEL PENS are the best; made of the +purest steel, all selected and warranted. Fine or medium points, 1s. 3d. +per box of twelve dozen; broad ditto, 1s. 6d.; extra broad, 1s. 6d., a very +easy pen--will write with comfort on brown paper; correspondence pen, 1s. +3d. per box--this pen adapts itself to any hand. P. & C. are the original +makers, and although there are many imitations, it is still unequalled. +Best magnum bonums, 3s. 6d. per gross; silver pens, 1s., and gold ditto, +2s. each, warranted; patent holders, fit any pen, 6d. dozen, or 5s. gross. +A liberal allowance to shippers and the trade. Samples per post, on receipt +of six stamps. + +PARTRIDGE & COZEN'S Cheap Stationery Warehouses, 127. and 128. Chancery +Lane. + + * * * * * + + +JUST PUBLISHED.--A CATALOGUE OF CURIOUS BOOKS, by J. CROZIER, 5. New +Turnstile, near Lincoln's Inn Fields, Holborn. Catalogues sent on receipt +of One Postage Stamp. {443} + + * * * * * + + +PREPARING FOR IMMEDIATE PUBLICATION. + +PHOTOGRAPHIC NOTES: + +Comprising Plain Directions for the Practice of Photography, including the +Collodion Process on Glass; the Paper and Wax-Paper Processes; Printing +from Glass and Paper Negatives, &c. + +By DR. DIAMOND, F.S.A. + +With Notes on the Application of Photography to Archaeology, &c., + +By WILLIAM J. THOMS, F.S.A. + +London: GEORGE BELL, 186, Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC SCHOOL.--ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION. + +The spacious Plate Glass House, 30 feet by 15, with the Class Rooms and +Ladies' Apartment, being nearly completed. Classes or Private Lessons, +embracing all branches of Photography, will commence May 2nd, 1853, for +Gentlemen, and May 3rd, for Ladies. + +A perfect Apparatus with Ross's finest Lenses has been procured, and every +new improvement will be added. + +The School will be under the joint direction of T. A. MALONE, Esq., who has +been long connected with Photography, and J. H. PEPPER, Esq., the Chemist +to the Institution. + +A Prospectus, with terms, may be had at the Institution. + + * * * * * + + +Just published, price 1s., free by Post 1s. 4d., + +THE WAXED-PAPER PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESS of GUSTAVE LE GRAY'S NEW EDITION. +Translated from the French. + +Sole Agents in the United Kingdom for VOIGHTLANDER & SON'S celebrated +Lenses for Portraits and Views. + +General Depot for Turner's, Whatman's, Canson Freres', La Croix, and other +Talbotype Papers. + +Pure Photographic Chemicals. + +Instructions and Specimens in every Branch of the Art. + +GEORGE KNIGHT & SONS, Foster Lane, London. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHY.--HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining Instantaneous +Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, according to light. + +Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the choicest +Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their Establishment. + +Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used in this +beautiful Art.--123. and 121. Newgate Street. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER.--Negative and Positive Papers of Whatman's, Turner's, +Sanford's, and Canson Freres' make. Waxed-Paper for Le Gray's Process. +Iodized and Sensitive Paper for every kind of Photography. + +Sold by JOHN SANFORD, Photographic Stationer, Aldine Chambers, 13. +Paternoster Row, London. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHY.--Collodion (Iodized with the Ammonio-Iodide of Silver)--J. B. +HOCKIN & CO., Chemists, 289. Strand, were the first in England who +published the application of this agent (see _Athenaeum_, Aug. 14th). Their +Collodion (price 9d. per oz.) retains its extraordinary sensitiveness, +tenacity, and colour unimpaired for months: it may be exported to any +climate, and the Iodizing Compound mixed as required. J. B. HOCKIN & CO. +manufacture PURE CHEMICALS and all APPARATUS with the latest Improvements +adapted for all the Photographic and Daguerreotype processes. Cameras for +Developing in the open Country. GLASS BATHS adapted to any Camera. Lenses +from the best Makers. Waxed and Iodized Papers, &c. + + * * * * * + + +CLERICAL, MEDICAL, AND GENERAL LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY. + + * * * * * + +Established 1824. + + * * * * * + +FIVE BONUSES have been declared; at the last in January, 1852, the sum of +131,125l. was added to the Policies, producing a Bonus varying with the +different ages from 241/2 to 55 per cent. on the Premiums paid during the +five years, or from 5l. to 12l. 10s. per cent. on the Sum Assured. + +The small share of Profit divisible in future among the Shareholders being +now provided for, the ASSURED will hereafter derive all the benefits +obtainable from a Mutual Office, WITHOUT ANY LIABILITY OR RISK OF +PARTNERSHIP. + +POLICIES effected before the 30th June next, will be entitled, at the next +Division, to one year's additional share of Profits over later Assurers. + +On Assurances for the whole of Life only one half of the Premiums need to +be paid for the first five years. + +INVALID LIVES may be Assured at rates proportioned to the risk. + +Claims paid _thirty_ days after proof of death, and all Policies are +_Indisputable_ except in cases of fraud. + +Tables of Rates and forms of Proposal can be obtained of any of the +Society's Agents, or of + +GEORGE H. PINCKARD, Resident Secretary. + +_99. Great Russell Street, Bloomsbury, London._ + + * * * * * + + +WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY, + +3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON. + +Founded A.D. 1842. + +_Directors._ + + H. E. Bicknell, Esq. + T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq. M.P. + G. H. Drew, Esq. + W. Evans, Esq. + W. Freeman, Esq. + F. Fuller, Esq. + J. H. Goodhart, Esq. + T. Grissell, Esq. + J. Hunt, Esq. + J. A. Lethbridge, Esq. + E. Lucas, Esq. + J. Lys Seager, Esq. + J. B. White, Esq. + J. Carter Wood, Esq. + +_Trustees._ + +W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; L. C. Humfrey, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq. + +_Physician._--William Rich. Basham, M.D. + +_Bankers._--Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross. + +VALUABLE PRIVILEGE. + +POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary +difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application to +suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed on +the Prospectus. + +Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in +three-fourths of the Profits:-- + + Age _L s. d._ + 17 1 14 4 + 22 1 18 8 + 27 2 4 5 + 32 2 10 8 + 37 2 18 6 + 42 3 8 2 + +ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary. + +Now ready, price 10s. 6d., Second Edition, with material additions, +INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE on BENEFIT BUILDING +SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment, exemplified in +the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a +Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR +SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3. +Parliament Street, London. + + * * * * * + + +BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION, No. 1. Class X., +in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all Climates, +may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold London-made +Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 4 +guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, 10, and 8 guineas. +Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior Lever, with +Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's Pocket +Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch skilfully +examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, 2l., 3l., and +4l. Thermometers from 1s. each. + +BENNETT, Watch, Clock and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, the +Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen. + +65. CHEAPSIDE. + + * * * * * + + +UNITED KINGDOM LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY: established by Act of Parliament in +1834.--8. Waterloo Place, Pall Mall, London. + + HONORARY PRESIDENTS. + + Earl of Courtown + Earl Leven and Melville + Earl of Norbury + Earl of Stair + Viscount Falkland + Lord Elphinstone + Lord Belhaven and Stenton + Wm. Campbell, Esq., of Tillichewan + + LONDON BOARD. + + _Chairman._--Charles Graham, Esq. + _Deputy-Chairman._--Charles Downes, Esq. + + H. Blair Avarne, Esq. + E. Lennox Boyd, Esq., F.S.A., _Resident_. + C. Berwick Curtis, Esq. + William Fairlie, Esq. + D. Q. Henriques, Esq. + J. G. Henriques, Esq. + F. C. Maitland, Esq. + William Railton, Esq. + F. H. Thomson, Esq. + Thomas Thorby, Esq. + + MEDICAL OFFICERS. + + _Physician._--Arthur H. Hassall, Esq., M.D., + 8. Bennett Street, St. James's. + + _Surgeon._--F. H. Tomson, Esq., 48. Berners Street. + +The Bonus added to Policies from March, 1834, to December 31, 1847, is as +follows:-- + + Sum | Time | Sum added to | Sum + Assured. | Assured. | Policy | Payable + | +--------------------+ at Death. + | | In 1841. In 1848. | + ---------+----------+---------+----------+---------- + L | | L s.d.| L s.d.| L s.d. + 5000 | 14 years | 683 6 8 | 787 10 0 | 6470 16 8 + * 1000 | 7 years | - - | 157 10 0 | 1157 10 0 + 500 | 1 year | - - | 11 5 0 | 511 5 0 + +* EXAMPLE.--At the commencement of the year 1841, a person aged thirty took +out a Policy for 1000l., the annual payment for which is 24l. 1s. 8d.; in +1847 he had paid in premiums 168l. 11s. 8d.; but the profits being 21/4 per +cent. per annum on the sum insured (which is 22l. 10s. per annum for each +1000l.) he had 157l. 10s. added to the Policy, almost as much as the +premiums paid. + +The Premiums, nevertheless, are on the most moderate scale, and only +one-half need be paid for the first five years, when the Insurance is for +Life. Every information will be afforded on application to the Resident +Director. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURES.--A Selection of the above beautiful Productions may +be seen at BLAND & LONG'S, 153. Fleet Street, where may also be procured +Apparatus of every Description, and pure Chemicals for the practice of +Photography in all its Branches. + +Calotype, Daguerreotype, and Glass Pictures for the Stereoscope. + +BLAND & LONG, Opticians, Philosophical and Photographical Instrument +Makers, and Operative Chemists, 153. Fleet Street. {444} + + * * * * * + + +BOHN'S STANDARD LIBRARY FOR MAY. + +DE LOLME ON THE CONSTITUTION OF ENGLAND, or ACCOUNT of the ENGLISH +GOVERNMENT; edited, with Life and Notes, by JOHN MACGREGOR, M.P. Post 8vo., +cloth 3s. 6d. + +HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, Covent Garden. + + * * * * * + + +BOHN'S CLASSICAL LIBRARY FOR MAY. + +DIOGENES LAERTIUS, LIVES and OPINIONS of the ANCIENT PHILOSOPHERS, +translated, with Notes, by C. D. YONGE, B.A. Post 8vo., cloth, 5s. + +HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, Covent Garden. + + * * * * * + + +BOHN'S ILLUSTRATED LIBRARY FOR MAY. + +NORWAY and its SCENERY, Comprising PRICE'S JOURNAL, with large Additions, +and a ROAD-BOOK. Edited by THOS. FORESTER, Esq., with 22 Illustrations, +beautifully engraved on steel by Lucas. Post 8vo., cloth, 5s. + +HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, Covent Garden. + + * * * * * + + +BOHN'S SCIENTIFIC LIBRARY FOR APRIL AND MAY. + +HUMPHREY'S COIN COLLECTOR'S MANUAL: a Popular Introduction to the Study of +Coins, Ancient and Modern; with elaborate Indexes, and numerous +highly-finished Engravings on wood and steel. 2 vols. post 8vo., cloth, 5s. +per volume. + +HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, Covent Garden. + + * * * * * + + +BOHN'S ANTIQUARIAN LIBRARY FOR MAY. + +PAULI'S LIFE OF ALFRED THE GREAT, translated from the German. To which is +appended, ALFRED'S ANGLO-SAXON VERSION of OROSIUS, with a Literal English +Translation interpaged, Notes, and an Anglo-Saxon Alphabet and Glossary, by +B. THORPE, Esq. Post 8vo. cloth, 5s. + +HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, Covent Garden. + + * * * * * + + +Price One Shilling, post 8vo. in wrapper. + +GERVINUS' INTRODUCTION to his HISTORY of the 19th CENTURY, translated from +the German, with a Memoir of the Author. + +HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, Covent Garden. + + * * * * * + + +KENNEDY'S SELECTIONS of CLASSICAL POETRY, being principally Translations +from English Poets. Post 8vo., cloth, 3s. 6d. + +HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, Covent Garden. + + * * * * * + + +MR. COLLIER'S NEW TEXT OF SHAKSPEARE. + +Now ready, in one volume super-royal 8vo., 21s., cloth gilt, 42s., in +morocco, by Hayday; handsomely printed in a clear readable type, with +portrait, vignette, and fac-simile, + +THE PLAYS OF SHAKSPEARE. The Text regulated by the old copies, and by the +recently discovered folio of 1632; containing early manuscript emendations. +Edited by J. PAYNE COLLIER, ESQ., F.S.A. + +WHITTAKER & CO., Ave Maria Lane. + + * * * * * + + +MR. ARNOLD'S ELEMENTARY LATIN BOOKS. + +In 12mo., price 3s., a new edition of + +HENRY'S FIRST LATIN BOOK. + +*** The object of this Work (which is founded on the principles of +imitation and frequent repetition) is to enable the pupil to do exercises +from the first day of his beginning his Accidence. It is recommended by the +Oxford Diocesan Board of Education as an useful Work for Middle or +Commercial Schools; and adopted at the National Society's Training College +at Chelsea. + +By THOMAS KERCHEVER ARNOLD, M.A., Rector of Lyndon, and Late Fellow of +Trinity College, Cambridge. + +RIVINGTON'S, St. Paul's Church Yard, and Waterloo Place; and SIMPKIN, +MARSHALL, & CO. + +Also, by the same Author, + +1. A SECOND LATIN BOOK and PRACTICAL GRAMMAR. Intended as a Sequel to +Henry's First Latin Book. Fifth Edition. 4s. + +2. A FIRST VERSE BOOK; being an easy Introduction to the Mechanism of the +Latin Hexameter and Pentameter. Fifth Edition. 2s. + +3. COMPANION TO THE FIRST VERSE BOOK, containing additional Exercises. 1s. + +4. ECLOGAE OVIDIANAE; with ENGLISH NOTES, &c. Eighth Edition. 2s. 6d. This +Work is from the Fifth Part of the "Lateinisches Elementarbuch" of +Professors Jacobs and Doering, which has an immense circulation on the +Continent and in America. + +5. ECLOGAE OVIDIANAE, Part II., containing Selections from the +"Metamorphoses." With ENGLISH NOTES. 5s. + +6. HISTORIAE ANTIQUAE EPITOME, from "Cornelius Nepos," "Justin," &c. With +English Notes, Rules for Construing, Questions, Geographical Lists, &c. +Fifth Edition. 4s. + +7. CORNELIUS NEPOS, Part I. With Critical Questions and Answers, and an +Imitative Exercise on each Chapter. Third Edition. 4s. + + * * * * * + + +This day, Foolscap Octavo, price 7s. 6d. + +THE POEMS OF GOETHE, Translated in the Original Metres. By EDGAR ALFRED +BOWRING. Preceded by a Sketch of Goethe's Life. + +Also, translated by Mr. Bowring, 6s. + +THE POEMS OF SCHILLER COMPLETE. + +London: JOHN W. PARKER & SON. West Strand. + + * * * * * + + +The Twenty-eighth Edition. + +NEUROTONICS, or the Art of Strengthening the Nerves, containing Remarks on +the influence of the Nerves upon the Health of Body and Mind, and the means +of Cure for Nervousness, Debility, Melancholy, and all Chronic Diseases, by +DR. NAPIER, M.D. London: HOULSTON & STONEMAN. Price 4d., or Post Free from +the Author for Five Penny Stamps. + + "We can conscientiously recommend 'Neurotonics,' by Dr. Napier, to the + careful perusal of our invalid readers."--_John Bull Newspaper, June 5, + 1852_. + + * * * * * + + +THE CAMDEN SOCIETY for the Publication of Early Historical and Literary +Remains. + +The Annual General Meeting will be held at the Freemasons' Tavern, Great +Queen Street, on Monday, May 2nd, at 4 o'clock. The LORD BRAYBROOKE, the +President, in the Chair. + + * * * * * + +The following are the Publications of the Society for the year 1852-53: + +I. The Camden Miscellany, Volume the Second, containing:--1. Account of the +Expenses of John of Brabant, and Henry and Thomas of Lancaster, 1292-3. 2. +Household Account of the Princess Elizabeth 1551-2. 3. The Request and +Suite of a True-hearted Englishman, written by William Cholmeley, 1553. 4. +Discovery of the Jesuits' College at Clerkenwell in March, 1627-8. 5. +Trelawny Papers; and 6. Autobiography of William Taswell. D.D. + +II. Letters and Papers of the Verney Family down to the end of the year +1639. Printed from the original MSS. in the possession of Sir Harry Verney, +Bart. Edited by JOHN BRUCE, ESQ., Treas. S.A. + +III. Regulae Inclusarum: The Ancren Rewele: A treatise on the Rules and +Duties of Monastic Life, in the Anglo-Saxon Dialect of the 13th Century. +Edited by the REV. JAMES MORTON, B.D., Prebendary of Lincoln. (Nearly +ready.) + +The Subscription to the Society is 1l. per annum, which becomes due on the +1st of May. + +Communications from Gentlemen desirous of becoming Members may be addressed +to the Secretary, or the MESSRS. NICHOLS, No. 25. Parliament Street, +Westminster, by whom the Subscriptions are received. + + * * * * * + + +IN VOLUMES FOR THE POCKET, PRICE FIVE SHILLINGS EACH. + +Now ready, in Six Volumes, fcp. 8vo., price 5s. each. + +BOWDLER'S FAMILY SHAKSPEARE. In which nothing is added to the Original +Text; but those Words and Expressions are _omitted_ which cannot with +propriety be read aloud in a Family. 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