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diff --git a/26601-h/26601-h.htm b/26601-h/26601-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..559769c --- /dev/null +++ b/26601-h/26601-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,2488 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> + <head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" /> + + <title>Gambia, by Fred J. Melville</title> + + <style type="text/css"> + <!-- + body {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;} + p {text-align: justify;} + .blockquote {text-align: justify;} + h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {text-align: center;} + .sc {font-variant: small-caps;} + + hr {text-align: center; width: 50%;} + html>body hr {width: 50%;} + hr.full {width: 100%;} + html>body hr.full {margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; width: 100%;} + hr.short {text-align: center; width: 20%;} + html>body hr.short {width: 20%;} + + a[name] { position: static; } + a:link {color:#0000ff; text-decoration:none; } + a:visited {color:#0000ff; text-decoration:none; } + a:hover { color:#ff0000; } +table { width: 60%; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;} +.tb1 { width:80%; } +.tb2 { width:25%; } +.tb3 { width:40%; } + +.f1 { margin-left:60%; } +.f2 { margin-left:15%; } +.f3 { margin-left:75%; } +.center {text-align: center;} + .note + {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-size: 0.9em;} + + span.pagenum + {position: absolute; left: 1%; right: 91%; font-size: 8pt;} + + .poem + {margin-left:10%; margin-right:10%; margin-bottom: 1em; text-align: left;} + .poem .stanza {margin: 1em 0em 1em 0em;} + .poem p {margin: 0; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} + .poem p.i2 {margin-left: 1em;} + .poem p.i4 {margin-left: 2em;} + .poem p.i6 {margin-left: 3em;} + .poem p.i8 {margin-left: 4em;} + .poem p.i10 {margin-left: 5em;} + + .figure, .figcenter, .figright, .figleft + {padding: 1em; margin: 0; text-align: center; font-size: 0.8em;} + .figure img, .figcenter img, .figright img, .figleft img + {border: none;} + .figure p, .figcenter p, .figright p, .figleft p + {margin: 0; text-indent: 1em;} + .figcenter { + margin: auto; + text-align: center; + } + .figright {float: right; clear: right; margin-left: 1em; margin-bottom: 0em; + margin-top: 2em; margin-right: 0; padding: 0; text-align: center;} + .figleft +{ + float: left; clear: left; margin-left: 0; margin-bottom: 0em; + margin-top: 0.25em; margin-right: 0.5em; padding: 0; text-align: center; +} + +.figleft1 +{ + float: left; clear: left; margin-left: 0; margin-bottom: 0em; + margin-top: 1em; margin-right: 0.5em; padding: 0; text-align: center; +} + /* Footnotes */ +.footnotes {border: dashed 1px;} +.footnote {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-size: 0.9em;} +.footnote .label {position: absolute; right: 84%; text-align: right;} +.fnanchor +{ + vertical-align: super; font-size: .8em; text-decoration: none; font-weight:normal; font-style:normal; +} + + .indented + { + padding-left: 2em; + padding-right: 2em; + } + + --> + </style> +</head> +<body> + + +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Gambia, by Frederick John Melville + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Gambia + +Author: Frederick John Melville + +Release Date: September 12, 2008 [EBook #26601] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GAMBIA *** + + + + +Produced by Simon Gardner, Sankar Viswanathan, Adrian +Mastronardi, The Philatelic Digital Library Project at +http://www.tpdlp.net, and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net + + + + + + +</pre> + + + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> +<img src="images/title_page.jpg" width="500" height="743" alt="Title Page" /></div> + + + +<h1>Gambia</h1> + +<h3>By</h3> +<h2>Fred J. Melville,</h2> +<h4>President of the Junior<br /> +Philatelic Society.</h4> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 125px;"> +<img src="images/image_003.jpg" width="125" height="171" alt="seal" /></div> + +<h4>MDCCCCIX—PUBLISHED—BY—THE</h4> +<h4>MELVILLE—STAMP—BOOKS,</h4> +<h4>47,—STRAND,—LONDON,—W.C.</h4> + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page7" id="page7"></a>[pg 7]</span></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/image_001.jpg" width="600" height="181" alt="Decorative Image" /></div> + + + + +<h2><a name="Introductory_Note" id="Introductory_Note"></a>INTRODUCTORY NOTE.</h2> + +<div class="figleft"><img src="images/image_i.jpg" alt="I" width="14" height="50" /></div> +<p>n collecting the stamps of Gambia one cannot too +strongly emphasise the necessity for guarding the +stamps of the "Cameo" series against deterioration +by the pressure of the leaves in an ordinary unprotected +album. In their pristine state with clear and +bold embossing these stamps are of exceptional grace +and beauty. Sunk mounts or other similar contrivances, +and a liberal use of tissue paper, should be utilised by +the collector who desires to retain his specimens in their +original state. A neat strip of card affixed to each side +of the page in an ordinary album will have the effect of +keeping the pages above from flattening out the embossing, +but tissue paper should be used as an additional safeguard.</p> + +<p>We have to express thanks to Mr. Douglas Ellis, +Vice-President of the Junior Philatelic Society, for +his notes on the postmarks—of which he has made a +special study—and also for the loan of his entire +collection of the stamps of Gambia for reference and +illustration; to Mr. H. H. Harland for a similar +courtesy in the loan of his collection; to Mr. W. H. +Peckitt for the loan of stamps for illustration; to Mr. +D. B. Armstrong for interesting notes on the postal affairs +of the Colony; and to Mr. S. R. Turner for his diagrams.</p> + +<p>To the first two gentlemen we are also indebted for +their kindness in undertaking the revision of the proofs +of this handbook.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page8" id="page8"></a>[pg 8]</span></p> + +<h2>TABLE OF CONTENTS.</h2> + + +<table summary="Table of Contents."> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="sc"><a href="#Introductory_Note">Introductory Note,</a></span> </td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page7">7</a></td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"><span class="sc"><a href="#Chapter_I">Chapter I.</a></span></td> +<td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="sc"><a href="#Chapter_I">The Colony and Its Posts</a></span><a href="#Chapter_I">, </a></td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page11">11</a></td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"><span class="sc"><a href="#Chapter_II">Chapter II.</a></span></td> +<td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="sc"><a href="#Chapter_II">Cameo Issue of 1869</a></span><a href="#Chapter_II">, </a></td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page16">16</a></td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"><span class="sc"><a href="#Chapter_III">Chapter III.</a></span></td> +<td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="sc"><a href="#Chapter_III">Issue of 1874</a></span><a href="#Chapter_III">, </a></td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page20">20</a></td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"><span class="sc"><a href="#Chapter_IV">Chapter IV.</a></span></td> +<td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="sc"><a href="#Chapter_IV">Issue of 1880</a></span><a href="#Chapter_IV">, </a></td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page25">25</a></td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"><span class="sc"><a href="#Chapter_V">Chapter V.</a></span></td> +<td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="sc"><a href="#Chapter_V">Issue of 1886-87</a></span><a href="#Chapter_V">, </a></td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page37">37</a></td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"><span class="sc"><a href="#Chapter_VI">Chapter VI.</a></span></td> +<td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="sc"><a href="#Chapter_VI">Queen's Head Series, 1898</a></span><a href="#Chapter_VI">, </a></td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page45">45</a></td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"><span class="sc"><a href="#Chapter_VII">Chapter VII.</a></span></td> +<td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="sc"><a href="#Chapter_VII">King's Head Series, 1902-1906</a></span><a href="#Chapter_VII">, </a></td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page50">50</a></td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"><span class="sc"><a href="#Chapter_VIII">Chapter VIII.</a></span></td> +<td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="sc"><a href="#Chapter_VIII">Provisional Issue, 1906</a></span><a href="#Chapter_VIII">, </a></td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page53">53</a></td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"><span class="sc"><a href="#Chapter_IX">Chapter IX.</a></span></td> +<td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="sc"><a href="#Chapter_IX">Bibliography</a></span><a href="#Chapter_IX">, </a></td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page56">56</a></td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"><span class="sc"><a href="#Chapter_X">Chapter X.</a></span></td> +<td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="sc"><a href="#Chapter_X">Check List</a></span><a href="#Chapter_X">, </a></td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page58">58</a></td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"><span class="sc"><a href="#APPENDIX">Appendix.</a></span></td> +<td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="sc"><a href="#APPENDIX">Notes on the Postmarks</a></span><a href="#APPENDIX">, by Douglas Ellis,</a> </td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page66">66</a></td></tr> +</table> +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page11" id="page11"></a>[pg 11]</span></p> + + + + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/image_002.jpg" width="600" height="249" alt="" /></div> + +<h1>Gambia.</h1> + + + + +<h2><a name="Chapter_I" id="Chapter_I"></a><span class="sc">Chapter I.</span></h2> + +<h2>The Colony and Its Posts.</h2> + +<div class="figleft"><img src="images/image_t.jpg" alt="T" width="46" height="50" /></div> +<p>he British West African possession known as +the Colony and Protectorate of the Gambia +occupies a narrow strip of territory (averaging +12 miles in width) on both sides of the Gambia +river. The territory comprises the settlement of St. +Mary, where the capital—Bathurst—is situated, +British Cambo, Albreda, M'Carthy's Island and the +Ceded Mile, a protectorate over a narrow band of land +extending from Cape St. Mary for over 250 miles along +both banks of the river.</p> + +<p>The Gambia river was discovered by a Portuguese +navigator in 1447; under a charter of Queen +Elizabeth a company was formed to trade with the +Gambia in 1588. In the reign of James II. a fort was +erected by British traders at the mouth of the river +(1686), and for many years their only traffic was in +slaves. The territory became recognised as a British +possession under the Treaty of Versailles, and on +the enforced liquidation of the chartered company it +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page12" id="page12"></a>[pg 12]</span> +was incorporated with the Crown as one of the West +African settlements. Until 1843, when it was granted +separate government, it was administered by the +Governor of Sierra Leone. In 1868 it was again +annexed to Sierra Leone, and not until twenty years +later was it created a separate Crown Colony with a +Governor and responsible government of its own. At +present the staple trade of the Colony is ground nuts, +but efforts are being made to induce the natives to take +up other products.</p> + +<p>Postally there is little to record prior to 1866, which +is the date ascribed by Mr. F. Bisset Archer, Treasurer +and Postmaster-General, to an alteration in the scale of +postage, the half ounce weight for letters being introduced. +The rate to Great Britain was, we believe, +from that date 6d. per half ounce.</p> + +<p>Mr. Archer also gives this year (1866) as the date +when the first postage stamps of the Colony were +issued. This date was for a time accepted in the +stamp catalogues, but it is now generally believed to +be an error, the earliest records in the stamp journals of +the period shewing the date to be 1869.</p> + +<p>The postal notices we have been able to trace are of +but little interest, the following being all that bear on +matters of interest to collectors:—</p> + + +<h4>POST OFFICE NOTICE.</h4> + +<h4><i>Reduction of Postage, &c.</i></h4> + +<p>On and from the 1st April, 1892, the Postage to all parts of +the World on Letters, Newspapers, Books, etc., will be as +follows:—</p> + +<blockquote><p> +For Letters, 2½d. per ½ oz.</p> + +<p>For Postcards, 1d. each.</p> + +<p>For Reply Postcards, 2d. each.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page13" id="page13"></a>[pg 13]</span></p> + +<p>For Newspapers, books, printed papers, commercial papers, +patterns and samples, ½d. per 2 oz., with the Postal +Union proviso of a minimum payment of 2½d. for a +packet of commercial papers, and of 1d. for a packet of +patterns or samples.</p> + +<p>Fee for registration of any of the above named articles, +2d.</p> + +<p>Fee for the acknowledgment of the delivery of a registered +article, 2½d. +</p></blockquote> + +<div class="f1"> +<p>By His Excellency's Command,</p> +<p> (Signed) J. H. FINDEN,</p> +<p> <i>Postmaster.</i></p> +</div><div class="f2"> +<p>Post Office, Bathurst, Gambia,</p> +<p> <i>3rd March, 1892.</i></p> + </div> + + +<h4>POST OFFICE.</h4> + +<h4>Ordinance No. 6 of 1897.</h4> + +<p class="f3"><i>March 11th, 1897.</i></p> + + +<p>1. This Ordinance may be cited as the Post Office +Ordinance, 1897, Inland Postal Regulations.</p> + +<p>13. From and after the commencement of this Ordinance, +postal packets may be sent by post between such places in the +Colony of the Gambia and the Protected Territories adjacent +thereto as may be from time to time notified by the Administrator.</p> + +<p>14. The Administrator-in-Council may from time to time +make in relation to the inland post hereby established such +regulations as he may think fit—</p> + +<blockquote><p> +For prescribing and regulating the places, times, and +modes of posting and delivery.</p> + +<p>For fixing the rates of postage to be payable on inland +letters and postal packets.</p> + +<p>For prescribing payment of postage and regulating the +mode thereof.</p> + +<p>For regulating the affixing of postage stamps.</p> + +<p>For prescribing and regulating the payment again of +postage in case of redirection.</p> + +<p>For regulating the dimensions and maximum weight of +packet.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page14" id="page14"></a>[pg 14]</span></p> + +<p>For prohibiting or restricting the printing or writing of +marks or communications or words.</p> + +<p>For prohibiting enclosures.</p> + +<p>For restricting the sending or conveyance of inland letters. +</p></blockquote> + +<p>and such other regulations as the Administrator shall from +time to time consider desirable for the more efficient working +of such Inland Post.</p> + +<p>And may affix a penalty not exceeding ten pounds, to be +recovered summarily before the Chief Magistrate, or two +Justices of the Peace, or, in default of payment, imprisonment +not exceeding two weeks for a contravention of any such +regulation.</p> + +<p>15. Any revenue derived from the Inland Post herein +established shall be paid into the Colonial Treasury at such +times and in such a manner as the Administrator shall direct, +and shall be applied to the general purposes of the Colony.</p> + +<p>Insurance of and Compensation for loss and damage to +Parcels.</p> + +<p>11. Subject to the provisions of this Ordinance, if any +article of pecuniary value enclosed in, or forming part of, a +parcel be lost or damaged whilst in the course of transmission +through the post, it shall be lawful for the Administrator to +cause to be paid out of the public revenues of the Colony to +any person or persons who may, in the opinion of the Postmaster, +establish a reasonable claim to compensation (having +regard to the nature of the article, the care with which it was +packed, and other circumstances), the following rates of compensation—</p> + +<blockquote><p> +(<i>a</i>) In respect of an uninsured parcel, such sum, not +exceeding twenty shillings, as he may think just.</p> + +<p>(<i>b</i>) In respect of an insured parcel the following scale +shall apply— +</p></blockquote> + +<table class="tb1" summary=""> +<tr><td align="center">To secure </td><td align="center">compensation </td><td align="center">up to </td><td align="right">£12 </td><td align="center">there shall be </td><td align="center">payable </td><td align="center">a fee of </td><td align="right">5d</td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="right">£24 </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="right">7½d</td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="right">£36 </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="right">10d</td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="right">£48 </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="right">1/0½d</td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="right">£50 </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="right">1/3</td></tr> +</table> + +<p>We gather from the official handbook edited by Mr. +Archer that a Government steamer maintains weekly +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page15" id="page15"></a>[pg 15]</span> +communication between the Capital, Bathurst, and +M'Carthy's Island both for passengers and mails. +There is no house-to-house delivery of mails at either +place.</p> + +<p>Gambia joined the Universal Postal Union on +January 1st, 1879; the Imperial Penny Postage rate +was adopted from December 25th, 1898; and the unit +of weight for colonial and foreign letter postage was +raised from half an ounce to one ounce on October 1st, +1907. The Cash on Delivery system was introduced +on October 15th, 1908.</p> + +<p>The following table gives an outline of the postal +business, the large fluctuations in the revenue being +chiefly due to the fluctuations in the demand for postage +stamps from dealers and collectors:—</p> + +<table summary="" rules="groups" frame="void" cellpadding="4"> +<thead> +<tr><td align="left">Year </td><td align="right">Revenue </td><td align="center" colspan="3">Expenditure </td><td align="right">Letters </td><td align="right">Parcels</td></tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr><td align="left">1895 </td><td align="right"> £686</td><td align="right" colspan="3"></td><td align="right"></td><td align="right"></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">1896 </td><td align="right">1,506</td><td align="right" colspan="3"></td><td align="right"></td><td align="right"></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">1897 </td><td align="right">1,845</td><td align="right" colspan="3"></td><td align="right"></td><td align="right"></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">1898 </td><td align="right">2,140</td><td align="right" colspan="3"></td><td align="right"></td><td align="right"></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">1899 </td><td align="right"> 589</td><td align="right" colspan="3"></td><td align="right"></td><td align="right"></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">1900 </td><td align="right"> 459</td><td align="right" colspan="3"> </td><td align="right">66,612 </td><td align="right"> 782</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">1901 </td><td align="right"> 769</td><td align="right" colspan="3"> </td><td align="right">77,937 </td><td align="right">1151</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">1902 </td><td align="right">1,452</td><td align="right" colspan="3"> </td><td align="right">77,918 </td><td align="right">1340</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">1903 </td><td align="right"> 553</td><td align="right" colspan="3"> </td><td align="right">94,365 </td><td align="right">1532</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">1904 </td><td align="right"> 597</td><td align="right" colspan="3"> </td><td align="right">94,358 </td><td align="right">1677</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">1905 </td><td align="right">2,731</td><td align="right"> £808</td><td align="right"> 0</td><td align="right"> 0 </td><td align="right">91,768 </td><td align="right">1554</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">1906 </td><td align="right">1,317</td><td align="right"> 712</td><td align="right"> 15</td><td align="right"> 10 </td><td align="right">98,379 </td><td align="right">1994</td></tr> +</tbody> +</table> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page16" id="page16"></a>[pg 16]</span></p> + + + + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/image_002.jpg" width="600" height="249" alt="Decorative Image" /></div> + +<h2><a name="Chapter_II" id="Chapter_II"></a><span class="sc">Chapter II.</span></h2> + +<h2>"Cameo" Issue of 1869.</h2> + + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> +<img src="images/image_014.jpg" width="500" height="239" alt="Cameo Issue" /></div> +<div class="figleft1"><img src="images/image_t.jpg" alt="T" width="46" height="50" /></div> +<p>he <i>Philatelist</i> for March 1, 1869, contained the +first intimation of the preparation of stamps for +the Colony of</p> + +<blockquote> +<p class="center">"<span class="sc">Gambia.</span></p> + +<p>"We are proud to announce the preparation of stamps for +this African settlement. In a central circle is Queen Victoria's +coroneted head in white relief; in straight bands above is +GAMBIA; below, the value, which, as well as the spandril +ornamentation, is embossed in white. The stamp is nearly +square, and the specimens possessed by our correspondent are +imperforate. Values: +</p></blockquote> + +<table class="tb2" summary=""> +<tr><td align="right">4 </td><td align="center">pence, </td><td align="center">deep </td><td align="left">brown.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="right">6 </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td> +<td align="left">blue."</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page17" id="page17"></a>[pg 17]</span></p> + +<p>The stamps were manufactured by Messrs. de la +Rue & Co. by a double process of flat printing and +of relief embossing, the flat printing being doubtless +effected first and the embossing afterwards. This +combination was unusually effective, and the finished +stamps rank among the handsomest adhesive postage +stamps known to collectors.</p> + +<p>As embossing evenly over a large area presented +considerable difficulties, the plates were made up of +fifteen stamps only, in three horizontal rows of five +stamps. The plates for both processes evidently fitted +each other with precision, though in the printing occasionally +the embossing is slightly out of register.</p> + +<p>The paper is white wove and has no watermark, +and the stamps were not perforated. There are two +colours of the gum, one being the usual clear white: +the other is a pale yellow colour, which may, however, +be due to climatic influence, particularly as it is a noticeable +feature of a number of the later issues.</p> + +<p>The colour of the 4d. value varies in shade from a +deep chocolate brown to brown and pale brown. The +6d. is pale to deep blue. There is a quite pale shade +which is very rarely met with, most of the so-called +"pale blue" specimens being an intermediate shade +better described as "blue."</p> + +<p>The sheets of both values shew one printer's guide +dot in each side margin, opposite stamps No. 6 and +10 respectively (<a href="#Plate_I">plate I</a>).</p> + +<p>Both values are known with the embossing shewing +a distinct double impression.</p> + +<p>There are some peculiarities in these stamps which, +although their significance is uncertain, it may not be +well to overlook.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page18" id="page18"></a>[pg 18]</span></p> + +<p>Firstly, there frequently occurs throughout the embossed +stamps of Gambia a small spot of colour on the +back hair, which in later embossed stamps becomes a +large spot, and even develops into a coloured indentation +from the coloured circular ground.</p> + +<p>In this issue the spot, when it occurs, is usually quite +small, two copies of the 6d. examined shewing it somewhat +enlarged.</p> + +<p>Secondly, there are noticeable varieties of the pendant +curl at the back. The normal design shews a fairly +thick wavy curl with a hair branching out from it into +the space between the curl and the neck. This sub-curl, +as we may call it, is occasionally missing, broken, +or as in No. 11 on the imperforate 6d. sheet (<a href="#Plate_I">plate I</a>), +the curl and sub-curl have joined together, giving a very +different appearance to the back hair. There are also +varying lengths of the main curl.</p> + +<p>In the sheet of the 6d. value the plates seem to have +been slightly defective, and there is a gentle slope down +from the centre to the outside stamp on each side (Nos. +1 and 5), the slope being more pronounced on No. 5, +where the upper label containing the word Gambia is +recognised as the variety with slanting label. The left +side of stamp 5 is 22½mm. high, and the right side +22mm. That the peculiarity occurs reversed on stamp +No. 1, though it is less pronounced, there can be no +doubt. In later issues both stamps 1 and 5 shew the +defect more prominently, as will be readily seen from +an examination of plates <a href="#Plate_I">I.</a>, <a href="#Plate_X">X.</a>, and <a href="#Plate_XI">XI</a>. Curiously +enough, the fault is not confined to the two outside +stamps, as is generally supposed. The trouble is in the +entire top row being ½mm. taller than the normal stamps +of rows 2 and 3, except the left and right sides +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page19" id="page19"></a>[pg 19]</span> +respectively of the end stamps (Nos. 1 and 5). The +middle stamp of the top row shews a further peculiarity +in the shape of the base of the neck. (Compare plates +<a href="#Plate_I">I.</a>, <a href="#Plate_X">X.</a>, <a href="#Plate_XI">XI.</a>, with <a href="#Plate_XIV">XIV.</a>)</p> + +<p>Copies of both values exist overprinted <span class="sc">specimen</span>, +and we have seen similar copies of all the regular issues +of this Colony.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 250px;"> +<img src="images/image_017.jpg" width="250" height="284" alt="" /></div> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page20" id="page20"></a>[pg 20]</span></p> + + + + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/image_002.jpg" width="600" height="249" alt="Decorative Image" /></div> + +<h2><a name="Chapter_III" id="Chapter_III"></a><span class="sc">Chapter III.</span></h2> + +<h2>Issue of 1874.</h2> + +<div class="figleft"><img src="images/image_t.jpg" alt="T" width="46" height="50" /></div> +<p>he introduction of watermarked paper for these +stamps occurred in 1874, the paper being that +familiar to collectors of British Colonial stamps +as watermarked "Crown C.C." The paper +was not readily adaptable for the small sheets of the +Gambia stamps, and the method of cutting it to suitable +sizes for these sheets has produced some varieties for +the specialist.</p> + +<p>Major Evans, writing in the <i>Philatelic Record</i> for +January, 1883, says:—</p> + +<blockquote><p> +"Most collectors are probably aware that the stamps of the +British Colonies printed in England are, as a rule, in sheets of +240, divided into four panes of 60, each pane consisting of ten +horizontal rows of six stamps. The Crown and C.C. watermarks +are arranged in the same manner upon the sheet of +paper; each pane is enclosed in a single-lined frame. Down +the centre of the sheet is a blank space of about half an inch +wide; across the centre is a wider space, watermarked with +the words <span class="sc">crown colonies</span>, which are also repeated +twice along each side of the sheet.</p> + +<p>"Some of my readers may have noticed that the watermark +is not always very clearly shown in the Gambia stamps. This +is due partly to the fact of their being embossed, and partly to +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page21" id="page21"></a>[pg 21]</span> +their being arranged in small blocks of fifteen—three horizontal +rows of five—so that a row of five stamps is printed on a row +of six watermarks, and in most cases a complete watermark is +not found on any one of the stamps in a block. Very frequently +the upper and lower blocks on a sheet encroach on the margins, +and consequently some of the stamps show portions of the +words <span class="sc">crown colonies</span> in watermark; and I have seen a +block which had been printed in the centre of one side of a +sheet, and the middle row of which was watermarked +<span class="sc">colonies</span>, while the upper and lower rows bore the Crown +and C.C. Recent printings of some of the values of Gambia +show the blocks printed sideways on the sheet, in which case +each stamp will not show a complete watermark; and of these +again I have seen a block with the vertical division of the sheet +running across the central row." +</p></blockquote> + +<p>In addition the stamps have been found with the +watermark reversed, indicating that occasionally a sheet +has been fed into the press the wrong side up. Inverted +watermarks of this Crown and C.C. type are +also to be found.</p> + +<p>Of this issue, which comprises the same two values—4d. +brown and 6d. blue, imperforate—we get the +following variations in the watermark—</p> + +<table class="tb3" summary=""> +<tr><td align="left">Crown C.C. </td><td align="left">upright (Fig. A).</td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left">inverted (Fig. C).</td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left">reversed (Fig. B).</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="2">Portions of the words <span class="sc">crown colonies</span>.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="2">Bars (<i>i.e.</i>, division lines of the panes).</td></tr> +</table> + +<p>The gum shews the same variation—white and +yellow—as in the original issue. The 4d. stamp varies +in colour from deep brown to pale brown; the 6d. +deep blue to blue, the solid colour in this case presenting +a very mottled appearance.</p> + +<p>Again, both values are known with the embossing +doubly impressed.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page22" id="page22"></a>[pg 22]</span></p> + +<p>Very few copies of the 4d. of this issue examined +shew the spot on the hair, but in the sheet of the 6d. +(<a href="#Plate_I">plate I.</a>) there are faint spots on stamps Nos. 1, 4, 5, +9, 12 and 13.</p> + +<p>No. 11 on the same sheet shews the curl and sub-curl +joined.</p> + +<p>The date of issue of these watermarked stamps is +uncertain, but the 6d. was chronicled in <i>Le Timbre +Poste</i> for December, 1874. The 4d. was not recorded +in any of the contemporary magazines, and +was probably not issued until some time after the +higher denomination.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/image_020.jpg" width="400" height="511" alt="" /> +</div> +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page25" id="page25"></a>[pg 25]</span></p> + + + + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/image_002.jpg" width="600" height="249" alt="Decorative Image" /></div> + +<h2><a name="Chapter_IV" id="Chapter_IV"></a><span class="sc">Chapter IV.</span></h2> + +<h2>Issue of 1880.</h2> + +<div class="figleft"><img src="images/image_t.jpg" alt="T" width="46" height="50" /></div> +<p>ogether with a number of other colonial possessions, +Gambia was admitted to the Universal +Postal Union on January 1st, 1879, and in +June of the following year (1880) a more +comprehensive series of postage stamps was issued, all +modelled after the same fashion as the two denominations +which had done service in the Colony for the +previous twelve years. The convenience of perforation +was adopted at the same time. The new series comprised +the following values, the shades being given in +the approximate order of printings—</p> + +<table summary="" > +<tr><td align="right" valign="top">½d. </td><td align="left">golden yellow, deep golden yellow, pale orange, vermilion, deep orange vermilion, citron,<a id="footnotetag1" name="footnotetag1"></a><a href="#footnote1"><sup>[1]</sup></a> pale ochre.<a id="footnotetag1a" name="footnotetag1a"></a><a href="#footnote1"><sup>[1]</sup></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="right"> 1d. </td><td align="left">lake, deep lake.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="right"> 2d. </td><td align="left">pale rose, rose, deep rose.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="right"> 3d. </td><td align="left">pale ultramarine, deep ultramarine, deep blue.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="right"> 4d. </td><td align="left">sepia brown, deep sepia brown.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="right"> 6d. </td><td align="left">pale blue, blue, deep blue.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="right"> 1s. </td><td align="left">bright green, deep green.</td></tr> +</table> + +<div class="footnote"><a name="footnote1" id="footnote1"></a><a href="#footnotetag1"><span class="label">[<b>Footnote 1</b>]</span></a><p> +The ½d. citron and ½d. pale ochre are generally believed to be +changelings, due to atmospheric or other influences after the stamps +were printed.</p></div> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page26" id="page26"></a>[pg 26]</span></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> +<img src="images/image_024_1.jpg" width="500" height="168" alt="" /> +</div> +<p>The watermark on this issue appears variously upright +or sideways, varieties of each being inverted. +The normal "sideways" may be taken as from left +to right. Portions of the marginal lettering and the +vertical division lines of the panes are also to be +found. The following is a synopsis of these varieties—</p> + +<table summary="" > +<tr><td align="left">Crown C.C. </td><td align="center">vertical </td><td align="left">(Fig. A).</td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left">inverted (Fig. C).</td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center">sideways </td><td align="left">(Fig. D).</td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left">inverted (Fig. E).</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="3">Portions of words "<span class="sc">crown colonies</span>."</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="3">Division lines of the panes.</td></tr> +</table> + +<p>The subject of perforations is of peculiar interest in +this and the next issue of the stamps of Gambia, as +while to a certain extent the printings are to be +differentiated by shade the chief distinctions may be +made in the case of blocks and sheets by the perforations.</p> + +<p>At first the stamps were perforated by a single line +machine gauging 14. A single line machine, as its +name implies, simply makes a single long row of holes +in one direction—</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/image_024_2.jpg" width="600" height="20" alt="" /> +</div> + +<p>In the present case, where the sheets were so small, the +row is much longer than necessary, so in the sheets it +extends through the margins on all sides, as in <a href="#Plate_II">plate II</a>.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page29" id="page29"></a>[pg 29]</span></p> + +<p>The horizontal rows may be perforated first (one row +at a time), and then the sheet is turned sideways and +the vertical divisions are similarly perforated. A +peculiarity of this style of perforating machine is that +the points where the vertical lines cross the horizontal +lines rarely fail to fall foul of each other, and an effect +is produced like this—</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> +<img src="images/image_027.jpg" width="500" height="579" alt="" /> +</div> +<h4>Single line perforation. Note the crossing of perforated lines.</h4> + +<p>In this manner it is possible to tell blocks and pairs of +this perforation without any side margins. Single +copies perforated in this manner can occasionally be +detected by the distance between the vertical perforations. +In the later perforation of this issue the distance +is fixed (as will be shewn), and the distance is 20½mm., +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page30" id="page30"></a>[pg 30]</span> +measuring from perf. point to perf. point across the +stamp. Any stamp differing in width to any extent +more than ½mm. from 20½mm. may therefore be set +down as perforated by the single line machine.</p> + +<p>We have seen all the values except the 2d. rose and +1/- green perforated by the single line machine, in +practically every case the C.C. watermark being upright, +the exception being a strip of three 6d. with the +sideways watermark. All the sheets with this perforation +appear to have one printer's guide dot in the centre +of each side margin.</p> + +<p>The next form of perforating machine introduced in +later printings of the Crown and C.C. 1880 issue is +known as a comb machine. The comb machine perforates +three sides of a stamp at once, and the form of +the first comb machine was arranged thus—</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/image_028.jpg" width="600" height="84" alt="" /> +</div> + +<p>The arrangement of the teeth of the comb fitted the +arrangement of the panes of the regular Colonial postage +stamps printed by Messrs. De la Rue & Co., the +narrow spaced teeth in the centre marking the dividing +space between two horizontal panes.</p> + +<p>In perforating the stamps of Gambia in the small +sheets of fifteen in three horizontal rows of five, both +sides of the machine appear to have been used, the +extreme end portion of the comb at either end running +off the side margin of the small sheet. When the left +portion of the machine was being used the sheet was +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page33" id="page33"></a>[pg 33]</span> +inserted upright and the top row of stamps perforated +first, the effect being that the top margin is not cut +through by vertical perforations, and the bottom row is +(see <a href="#Plate_III">plate III</a>.).</p> + +<p>When the right-hand portion was in use the sheets +appear to have been systematically inverted when +placed in the machine. This left the bottom margin +blank and the top margin cut through. Had the sheet +been simply inverted and perforated by the same portion +of the machine, as already described, the narrow spaced +teeth would have been produced on the left hand +margin instead of the right. A comparison of plates +<a href="#Plate_III">III.</a> and <a href="#Plate_VI">VI.</a> will shew that the narrow spacing is on the +right in both cases, but in III. the perforating has been +started at the top on the left side of the machine, and +in VI. from the bottom on the right side of the +machine.</p> + +<p>It is possible that sheets exist with the narrow spaced +lines of perforation on the left side. We have searched +in vain for such varieties, but they may exist. A sheet +inverted when placed on the left side of the machine +would shew the top margin perforated through, and +narrow spaced perforation to left; while a sheet inserted +top first on the right hand side would leave the +top margin blank and the bottom one perforated through, +and the narrow spaced perforation to left.</p> + +<p>This comb generally perforates so evenly that there +is no clashing of the perforations where the lines meet. +Occasionally, however, a sheet may get off the straight +and an irregular perforation occurs.</p> + +<p>The sheets perforated in this machine generally have +one guide dot in the left margin, and three at the right +(see sheets <a href="#Plate_III">III.</a>-<a href="#Plate_VII">VII.</a>, <a href="#Plate_IX">IX.</a>-<a href="#Plate_XI">XI.</a>, <a href="#Plate_XIV">XIV.</a>, <a href="#Plate_XV">XV.</a>).</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page34" id="page34"></a>[pg 34]</span></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> +<img src="images/image_032.jpg" width="500" height="584" alt="" /> +</div> + +<h4>Comb perforation. Compare crossing of perforated lines +with illustration on <a href="#page29">page 29</a>.</h4> + +<p>The ½d. pale orange vermilion exists doubly perforated +at the top and sides.</p> + +<p>A minor variety of the 2d. rose shews a small white +spot ½mm. from the nose. The stamp is No. 6 on the +sheet. The variety has been noted on several (not all) +the sheets of this value, and in various blocks, pairs +and singles.</p> + +<p>The left and right hand top stamps (1 and 5) of the +6d. value shew the sloping label, which is now very +prominent (see <a href="#Plate_X">plate X</a>.).</p> + +<p>All the values shew variations in the marks on the +back hair and in the curls.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page37" id="page37"></a>[pg 37]</span></p> + + + + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/image_002.jpg" width="600" height="249" alt="" /> +</div> + +<h2><a name="Chapter_V" id="Chapter_V"></a><span class="sc">Chapter V.</span></h2> + +<h2>Issue of 1886-87.</h2> + +<div class="figleft"><img src="images/image_i.jpg" alt="I" width="14" height="50" /></div> +<p>n 1886 a number of the stamps began to appear on +the paper watermarked Crown C.A., the initials +of "Crown Agents." The colours were changed, +and a new value inscribed "2½ <span class="sc">penny</span>" on the +value tablet was added. The values and colours +are—</p> + +<table summary=""> +<tr><td align="left"> ½d. grey-green, myrtle-green (shades).</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> 1d. carmine, rose-carmine, crimson.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> 2d. orange-yellow, orange, deep orange.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">2½d. pale ultramarine, deep ultramarine.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> 3d. grey, slate-grey, pearl-grey.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> 4d. brown, deep brown.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> 6d. olive-green, bronze-green, grey-green.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> 1s. violet, deep violet.</td></tr> +</table> + +<p>All values exist with the embossing double; several +with the embossing double, one of the impressions being +inverted; part double and treble perforations; and the +white and the yellow gum.</p> + +<p>The watermark Crown C.A. is uniformly sideways +in this issue, the normal position being from right to left +(Fig. F.), but it may be found inverted (Fig. G.).</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page38" id="page38"></a>[pg 38]</span></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> +<img src="images/image_036.jpg" width="500" height="175" alt="" /> +</div> + +<p>The method of cutting up the sheets of Crown C.A. +paper was to guillotine the half sheets horizontally in +half and then twice vertically, dividing each horizontal +half into three small sheets, the half C.A. sheet of +paper yielding six small Gambia sheets (plates <a href="#Plate_XII">XII.</a> +and <a href="#Plate_XIII">XIII.</a>). The operators both at the guillotine and +at the press seem to have taken the utmost care to +arrange all the small sheets uniformly for passing +through the press, as the varieties shewing the watermark +from left to right are rare. The diagrams on +plates <a href="#Plate_XII">XII.</a> and <a href="#Plate_XIII">XIII.</a> will illustrate more clearly than +a verbal explanation the precise method of dividing up +the Crown C.A. paper.</p> + +<p>The early printings of the Crown C.A. issue were +perforated with the comb machine described in the +previous chapter, but in the later printings a new +comb machine was introduced, which has not the +narrow spaced teeth in the margin, and, consequently, +has not the double row of perforation on the +right hand margins of the sheets. The perforations +produced by the two machines gauge the same, +and are not distinguishable in single specimens or blocks, +but only in sheets or specimens with pieces of margins. +The effect of the two different combs on the sheet may +be compared on the two sheets of the 6d. value illustrated +on plates <a href="#Plate_X">X.</a> and <a href="#Plate_XI">XI.</a> We may note (<a href="#Plate_VIII">plate +VIII.</a>) the second comb with the teeth extending +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page41" id="page41"></a>[pg 41]</span> +through the top margin, leaving the bottom margin +blank, shewing that some of the sheets were perforated +from the bottom, which would produce this effect.</p> + +<p>Unused imperforate copies exist of all values in the +following shades—</p> + +<table summary=""> +<tr><td align="center">Imperforate </td><td align="left"> ½d. grey-green.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left"> 1d. pale crimson.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left"> 2d. orange-yellow.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left">2½d. pale ultramarine.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left"> 3d. pearl-grey.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left"> 4d. brown.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left"> 6d. slate-green.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left"> 1s. deep violet.</td></tr> +</table> + +<p>Copies in trial colours, perforated 12 instead of 14, +exist as follows—</p> + +<table summary=""> +<tr><td align="right">½d. </td><td align="left">rose.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="right">½d. </td><td align="left">violet.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="right">½d. </td><td align="left">dull green.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="right">½d. </td><td align="left">pale dull orange.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="right">3d. </td><td align="left">olive-green.</td></tr> +</table> + +<p>On some of the sheets of the ½d. value stamp 2 +shews a slightly elongated left stroke of the letter m in +Gambia; No. 5 on the same sheet shews a similar +defect in the right stroke of the letter. (See <a href="#Plate_III">plate III.</a>, +which reproduction, however, only shews the variety +on stamp 2.) Stamps Nos. 1, 12, 13 on the same +sheet illustrated shew a peculiarity in the form of a +broken nose. We have not been able to trace other +copies shewing a similar defect, so possibly it is simply +due to over-inking or faulty inking of the colour plate.</p> + +<p>The plate of the 3d. was altered in the final printing, +two additional printers' guide dots being added in the +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page42" id="page42"></a>[pg 42]</span> +left margin, and the top and bottom dot on the right +being removed (<a href="#Plate_VIII">plate VIII.</a>). This was printed in +pearl-grey only.</p> + +<p>The early printings of the 6d. value shew the sloping +labels; they also shew the slight enlargement of the +stamps in the top row. These varieties occur in the +olive-green, bronze-green, and grey-green shades. +Later a new plate was made without the defect in the +top row, and this was printed in grey-green only. +(Cp. plates <a href="#Plate_XI">XI.</a> and <a href="#Plate_XIV">XIV.</a>)</p> + +<p>It may be noted that there are two varieties of the +overprint on the <span class="sc">specimen</span> stamps of this series, one +having the letters sloping upwards from left to right, +the other being horizontal.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> +<img src="images/image_040.jpg" width="500" height="251" alt="" /> +</div> +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page45" id="page45"></a>[pg 45]</span></p> + + + + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/image_002.jpg" width="600" height="249" alt="" /> +</div> + +<h2><a name="Chapter_VI" id="Chapter_VI"></a><span class="sc">Chapter VI.</span></h2> + +<h2>Queen's Head Series, 1898.</h2> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 250px;"> +<img src="images/image_043.jpg" width="250" height="290" alt="" /> +</div> +<div class="figleft1"><img src="images/image_o.jpg" alt="O" width="51" height="50" /></div> +<p>n the 31st January, 1898, the following notice +was issued in reference to the postage stamps +of the Colony:—</p> + +<p class="center"> +"<span class="sc">Withdrawal of Present Issue Of<br /> +Gambia Postage Stamps.</span></p> +<blockquote> +<p>"On the 1st May, 1898, the present issue, if not previously +exhausted, of all denominations of Postage Stamps in the +Gambia that are then in the hands of the Government will be +destroyed, and a complete new set of stamps will then be put +in circulation. +</p></blockquote> +<div class="f2"> +<p><span class="sc">"Administrator's Office</span>,<br /> + <span class="sc">Bathurst, Gambia</span>,<br /> + <i>31st January, 1898</i>."</p></div> + + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page46" id="page46"></a>[pg 46]</span></p> + +<p>After being faithful for nearly thirty years to the +graceful design of the "cameo" stamps the Colony +adopted the regular De la Rue type printed from a +general key plate which did duty for a number of +colonial issues.</p> + +<p>Essays were prepared by making impressions from +this key plate, shewing the profile of the Queen to left +in a circle, and the words <span class="sc">postage—postage</span> at the +sides, the top tablet being left blank for the name of the +Colony, and a space for the sexagonal tablet of value at +bottom also being left blank. The essays consist of such +impressions with the name <span class="sc">Gambia</span> and the proposed +values painted in by hand, to shew the approximate +effect of the stamps which would be produced from this +key plate. Only a very few such essays are known.</p> + +<p>The values which were actually produced in the new +series were—</p> + +<table summary=""> +<tr><td align="left"> ½d. dull green and green (plates<a href="#Plate_II"> 2 </a>and <a href="#Plate_III">3</a>).</td> +</tr> +<tr><td align="left"> 1d. carmine and carmine (<a href="#Plate_II">plate 2</a>).</td> +</tr> +<tr><td align="left"> 1d. deep carmine and deep carmine (<a href="#Plate_III">plate 3</a>).</td> +</tr> +<tr><td align="left"> 2d. orange and mauve (<a href="#Plate_II">plate 2</a>).</td> +</tr> +<tr><td align="left">2½d. ultramarine and ultramarine (<a href="#Plate_II">plate 2</a>).</td> +</tr> +<tr><td align="left"> 3d. mauve and pale ultramarine (<a href="#Plate_II">plate 2</a>).</td> +</tr> +<tr><td align="left"> 3d. deep mauve and deep ultramarine (<a href="#Plate_III">plate 3</a>).</td> +</tr> +<tr><td align="left"> 4d. brown and ultramarine (<a href="#Plate_II">plate 2</a>).</td> +</tr> +<tr><td align="left"> 6d. olive-green and carmine (<a href="#Plate_II">plate 2</a>).</td> +</tr> +<tr><td align="left"> 1s. violet and green (<a href="#Plate_II">plate 2</a>).</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p>All the stamps were printed at two impressions, the +general design being printed from the key plate, and +the name <span class="sc">Gambia</span> and the value tablet by a "duty" +plate printed separately. In the ½d., 1d. and 2½d. +values, however, both key and duty plates were impressed +in the same colour. The plates are constructed +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page49" id="page49"></a>[pg 49]</span> +to print sheets of 120 stamps, divided in two panes of +60 stamps each. The plate number appears in the +margin above and below each pane (<a href="#Plate_XVI">plate XVI.</a>). It +consists of an uncoloured figure on a circular ground +of colour, and is printed by the key plate. The plate +numbered "2" was used for all the values in the set, +but later printings of the ½d., 1d. and 3d. were printed +from <a href="#Plate_III">plate III</a>. In the case of the ½d. and 1d. the +printings from <a href="#Plate_III">plate III</a>. do not shew any marked variation +in shade; but in the case of the 3d. both the +mauve and the ultramarine colours are distinctively +deeper.</p> + +<p>The perforation throughout gauges 14; the watermark +is Crown C.A. as in the last issue, but upright +instead of sideways, as these <span class="sc">postage—postage</span> +plates were constructed to fit the watermarked paper.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 125px;"> +<img src="images/image_003.jpg" width="125" height="171" alt="" /> +</div> +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page50" id="page50"></a>[pg 50]</span></p> + + + + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/image_002.jpg" width="600" height="249" alt="" /> +</div> + +<h2><a name="Chapter_VII" id="Chapter_VII"></a><span class="sc">Chapter VII.</span></h2> + +<h2>King's Head Series, 1902-1906.</h2> + + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/image_048.jpg" width="600" height="312" alt="" /> +</div> +<div class="figleft1"><img src="images/image_t.jpg" alt="T" width="46" height="50" /></div> +<div class="figright" style="width: 150px;"> +<img src="images/image_049_1.jpg" width="150" height="224" alt="" /> +</div> + +<p>he change from the Queen's Head type to the +King's Head type of design came in 1902, +the new general Colonial key plate being used. +It is numbered 1 in a similar manner to the +numbering on the Queen's Head plates. All the +denominations in the previous set were repeated, and +a 2s. value was added; later (May, 1905) three new +stamps appeared of the face values 1s. 6d., 2s. 6d. and +3s. respectively. Of these three denominations it is +stated that only 6000<a id="footnotetag2" name="footnotetag2"></a><a href="#footnote2"><sup>[2]</sup></a> copies of each were printed. +The stamps, which were perforated 14 and were +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page51" id="page51"></a>[pg 51]</span> +printed on the same paper (Crown and C.A.) as +the last issue, comprised the following values—</p> +<p> </p> +<p>Watermarked Crown C.A.</p> + + + +<table summary=""> +<tr><td align="left">½d. green and green.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">1d. carmine and carmine.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">2d. orange and mauve.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">2½d. ultramarine and ultramarine.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">3d. magenta and ultramarine.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">4d. brown and ultramarine.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">6d. sage-green and carmine.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">1s. violet and green.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">1s. 6d. green and carmine on yellow paper.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">2s. deep slate and orange.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">2s. 6d. purple and brown on yellow paper.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">3s. carmine and green on yellow paper.</td></tr> +</table> +<div class="footnote"><a id="footnote2" name="footnote2"></a><p><a href="#footnotetag2"><b>Footnote 2:</b></a>Compare numbers overprinted in 1906. (<a href="#Chapter_VIII">Chapter VIII.</a>)</p> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 250px;"> +<img src="images/image_049_2.jpg" width="250" height="249" alt="" /></div> + +<p>In May, 1905, appeared also three +new values printed on multiple Crown +C.A. paper, each stamp shewing portions +of two or more watermark designs +instead of one more or less complete +design as heretofore. The new values +were the 5d., 7½d. and 10d. These +being rather unusual denominations, +their appearance caused considerable ferment among +collectors, who ascribed their issue to motives not +strictly associated with legitimate postal business. +Reference to the Post Office Ordinance No. 6 of +1897 (quoted in <a href="#Chapter_I">Chapter I.</a>) will shew that the fees +for insured parcels in force in the Gambia were 5d. +for compensation up to £12, 7½d. up to £24, and 10d. +up to £36; so it is not unreasonable if, as one may +assume, the colonists availed themselves of these rates +of insurance, that there was a use for such denominations.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page52" id="page52"></a>[pg 52]</span></p> + +<p>The new multiple watermarked paper had been +adopted for the 1d. value in 1904, and was during +1905-6 introduced for all the regular denominations +except the 1s. 6d., 2s. 6d. and 3s. On this paper, +therefore, we get the following—</p> + +<p>Multiple Crown C.A.</p> + +<table summary=""> +<tr><td align="left">½d. green and green.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">1d. carmine and carmine.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">2d. orange and mauve.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">2½d. ultramarine and ultramarine.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">3d. magenta and ultramarine.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">4d. brown and ultramarine.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">5d. grey and black.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">6d. sage-green and carmine.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">7½d. green and carmine.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">10d. olive-brown and carmine.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">1s. violet and green.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">2s. deep slate and orange.</td></tr> +</table> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 250px;"> +<img src="images/image_050.jpg" width="250" height="294" alt="" /> +</div> +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page53" id="page53"></a>[pg 53]</span></p> + + + + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/image_002.jpg" width="600" height="249" alt="" /> +</div> + +<h2><a name="Chapter_VIII" id="Chapter_VIII"></a><span class="sc">Chapter VIII.</span></h2> + +<h2>Provisional Issue 1906.</h2> + + + + + +<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/image_051.jpg" width="600" height="284" alt="" /></div> +<div class="figleft1"><img src="images/image_t.jpg" alt="T" width="46" height="50" /></div> +<p>he next and only remaining issue we have to +describe are in the nature of Provisionals +issued during a temporary shortage of halfpenny +and penny stamps. The Bathurst +correspondent of <i>Ewen's Weekly Stamp News</i>, writing +April 30, 1906, communicated the following information, +which is published in the issue of that journal for +May 26, 1906:—</p> + +<blockquote><p> +"The surcharged penny and halfpenny postage stamps on +the 3/- and 2/6 denominations respectively were issued on the +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page54" id="page54"></a>[pg 54]</span> +10th instant, and withdrawn on the 23rd April. The issue +was necessary owing to a delay in receipt of a requisition for +stamps sent to England on the 9th February, and by the +abnormal sales, from some unknown reason, of the usual penny +and halfpenny stamps during February and March.</p> + +<p>"A very small issue was made pending the arrival of the +mail on the 24th, by which the indent above mentioned was +received. The total issue was 4500 penny and 3780 halfpenny." +</p></blockquote> + +<p>The stamps overprinted to provide these emergency +supplies were the 2s. 6d. purple and brown on yellow +paper, which was overprinted for the halfpenny, and +the 3s. carmine and green on yellow paper for the +penny overprint.</p> + +<p>The surcharging was effected in the Colony. In the +case of the ½d. the overprint consists of the word</p> + +<table summary=""> +<tr> +<td align="center"> +HALF +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="center"> +PENNY +</td> +</tr> + +</table> + +<p>in two lines of block capitals, and below this are two +bars formed by ordinary printers' rules about 8½mm. +long cancelling the figures denoting the original value +of the stamp.</p> + +<p>The type and rules were set up to overprint the +stamps thirty at a time (5 horizontal rows of 6 stamps); +thus the complete sheet of 120 stamps had to pass four +times through the press. There is a slight variation in +the distance between the bottom of the letters comprising +the word <span class="sc">penny</span> and the uppermost bar, in the third +and fourth rows of the setting. In rows 1, 2 and 5 the +bar is 5mm. away from the bottom of the type; in rows +3 and 4 it is only 4mm. distant.</p> + +<p>The first stamp in the second row of the setting is a +variety in which the <span class="sc">e</span> of <span class="sc">penny</span> is broken and the word +reads <span class="sc">pfnny</span>. The only other variety occurring in the +setting is a slightly depressed <span class="sc">y</span> of <span class="sc">penny</span>. This occurs +in the first stamp in the 5th row.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page55" id="page55"></a>[pg 55]</span></p> + +<p>The 3s. stamp was overprinted with the words "<span class="sc">one +penny</span>" in one line of small capitals. The overprint +was applied to a complete pane of 60 stamps at a time, +so that the entire sheet of 120 was surcharged at two +impressions instead of four, as in the ½d. on 2s. 6d. +stamp. The only varieties which have been recorded +of this <span class="sc">one penny</span> overprint are of slight defects, possibly +occurring only in particular impressions. It, however, +exists with the overprint double.</p> + +<p>The issue of these two Provisional overprints, following +upon the appearance in 1905 of the 5d., 7½d. and +10d. stamps, brought a good deal of censure from +philatelists, who considered that the Colony was descending +to undignified means of increasing the revenue +by the sale of stamps to collectors. At the instance of +Lord Crewe an inquiry has lately been held into the +reasons for the emission of various Colonial postage +stamps, and the report of the Governor of the Gambia +is quoted in the printed report of the Commission:—</p> + +<blockquote><p> +"The Governor of the Colony states that as the supply of +the ½d. and 1d. stamps had been exhausted before the arrival +of a new supply which had been ordered, no [regular] stamps +of these denominations were available from the 2nd to the 10th +April, letters requiring such postage being stamped 'Postage +Paid.' The surcharged stamps were on sale from the 10th to +the 24th of April, the date on which the new supply became +available. A surplus was left over, which was destroyed with +proper precautions." +</p></blockquote> + +<p>The unsold balance of the Provisional ½d. stamps on +hand was destroyed "under direction from the Secretary +of State and by a special Board appointed by His +Excellency the Acting Governor" on October 16, +1906. How small the "unsold balance" was is not +stated.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page56" id="page56"></a>[pg 56]</span></p> + + + + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/image_001.jpg" width="600" height="181" alt="" /> +</div> + +<h2><a name="Chapter_IX" id="Chapter_IX"></a><span class="sc">Chapter IX.</span></h2> + +<h2>Bibliography.</h2> + +<h3><span class="sc">Index to the Chief Printed Articles and +Papers in Philatelic Periodicals.</span></h3> + + +<p class="center"><span class="sc">Abbreviations.</span></p> + +<table summary=""> +<tr><td align="right">2 A.J.P.—</td><td align="left">American Journal of Philately, 2nd series.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="right">E.W.S.N.—</td><td align="left">Ewen's Weekly Stamp News.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="right"> G.S.W.—</td><td align="left">Gibbons Stamp Weekly.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="right">M.W.S.N.—</td><td align="left">Mekeel's Weekly Stamp News.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="right">P.J.G.B.—</td><td align="left">Philatelic Journal of Great Britain.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="right"> P.R.—</td><td align="left">Philatelic Record.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="right"> P.S.—</td><td align="left">The Postage Stamp.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="right"> S.—</td><td align="left">Stamps.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="right"> S.C.F.—</td><td align="left">Stamp Collectors' Fortnightly.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="right"> S.C.M.—</td><td align="left">Stamp Collectors' Magazine.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="right">S.G.M.J.—</td><td align="left">Stanley Gibbons Monthly Journal.</td></tr> +</table> + +<p><span class="sc">Note</span>.—Roman figures thus—V.—denote the volume, and Arabic +figures—135—indicate the page. In a few cases the date +takes the place of the volume number. In E.W.S.N. the +number of the issue alone is given.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">Colonial Post Offices Commission</span> [Ward], +G.S.W., IX., 88.</p> + +<blockquote><p> +Contains the report of the Governor of the Gambia on +the Provisional stamps of 1906. +</p></blockquote> + +<p><span class="sc">Corrected Plate</span>, 6d., S.C.F., III., 207.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">Forgeries</span>, 6d. [Hilckes], S.C.F., II., 217.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page57" id="page57"></a>[pg 57]</span></p> + +<p><span class="sc">General.</span> The Postage Stamps, etc. ... of the +British Colonies, Possessions and Protectorates in +Africa. Part II., London, 1900.</p> + +<blockquote><p> +The Philatelic Society's work on Africa, pp. 65-72, +covers the issues of Gambia adhesives from 1869-1898; +also the postcards and reply paid cards. +</p></blockquote> + +<p>—— S.G.M.J., VI., 26, 144; [Pemberton], P.J.G.B., +XVII., 78; [Barnsdall], G.S.W., VIII., 65, 81; +[Nankivell], P.S., II., 3; 2 A.J.P., IV., 498; +[Lehner], S., I., 90; [Clark], S., I., 102, reprinted +in M.W.S.N., X., 255.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">Issue of 1869</span>, S.C.M., VII., 57.</p> + +<p>—— Date of [Lehner], S., I., 90; [Nankivell], S., I., +106.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">Minor Varieties</span>. Sloping label. [Hilckes], S.C.F., +II., 253.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">Perforations</span> [Bacon], P.R., XXV., 3. ⁂ Plates. +[Napier & Bacon], S.G.M.J., XIV., 97. +⁂ Plates.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">Provisionals</span>, E.W.S.N., 347, 348, 350, 352, 353, +360, 373.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">Sheets</span> [Thiele], <i>The Adhesive</i>, July, 1904.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">Speculation</span>, S.C.F., VI., 142.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">Values</span>, S.C.F., VI., 119, 126.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">Watermarks</span> [Evans], P.R., IV., 224.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page58" id="page58"></a>[pg 58]</span></p> + + + + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/image_002.jpg" width="600" height="249" alt="" /> +</div> + +<h2><a name="Chapter_X" id="Chapter_X"></a><span class="sc">Chapter X.</span></h2> + +<h2>Check List.</h2> + + +<p>1869.—No watermark. Imperforate. White gum.</p> + +<div class="indented"> +<table summary=""> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">4d. deep chocolate-brown.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">4d. brown.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">4d. pale brown.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Yellow gum.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Double embossing.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">6d. deep blue.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">6d. blue.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Yellow gum.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td colspan="3" align="left"> Label sloping to right.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td colspan="3" align="left"> " " left.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Double embossing.</td></tr> +</table> +</div> + +<p>1874.—Watermarked vertically Crown C.C. Imperforate. White gum.</p> + +<div class="indented"> +<table summary=""> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="3">4d. deep brown.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="3">4d. brown.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="3">4d. pale brown.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="2"> Double embossing.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="2"> Yellow gum.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> Watermark </td><td align="left">inverted.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left">reversed.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left">inverted and reversed.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left">bars (division lines of the panes).</td></tr> +<tr><td align="center"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left">portions of words CROWN COLONIES.</td></tr> +</table> +</div> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page59" id="page59"></a>[pg 59]</span></p> +<div class="indented"> +<table summary=""> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="3">6d. deep blue.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="3">6d. blue.</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2"> Double embossing.</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2"> Yellow gum.</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left"> Watermark </td><td align="left">inverted.</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left">reversed.</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left">inverted and reversed.</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left">bars.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left">portions of words CROWN COLONIES.</td></tr> +</table> +</div> + +<p>1880.—Watermarked Crown C.C. vertical. Perf. 14. White gum.</p> + +<div class="indented"> +<table summary=""> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">½d. golden-yellow.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">½d. deep golden-yellow,</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">½d. pale orange-vermilion.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">½d. deep orange-vermilion.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" > </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> ½d. citron.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> ½d. pale ochre.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Double embossing.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Yellow gum.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> Watermark </td><td align="left" colspan="2">inverted.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">sideways.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left">inverted.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">portions of words Crown Colonies.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">division lines of the panes.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Single line perf.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> 1st comb perf.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Double perf. top and sides (pale orange-vermilion).</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">1d. lake.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">1d. deep lake.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Double embossing.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Yellow gum.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> Watermark </td><td align="left" colspan="2">inverted.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">sideways.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td>inverted.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">portions of words Crown Colonies.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">division lines of the panes.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Single line perf.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> 1st comb perf.</td></tr> +</table> +</div> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page60" id="page60"></a>[pg 60]</span></p> +<div class="indented"> +<table summary=""> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">2d. pale rose.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">2d. rose.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">2d. deep rose.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Double embossing.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Yellow gum.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> Watermark </td><td align="left" colspan="2">inverted.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">sideways.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left">inverted.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">portions of words Crown Colonies.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">division lines of the panes.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> ? Single line perf.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> 1st comb perf.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Dot variety.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">3d. pale ultramarine.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">3d. deep ultramarine.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">3d. deep blue.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Double embossing.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Yellow gum.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> Watermark </td><td align="left" colspan="2">inverted.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">sideways.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left">inverted.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">portions of words Crown Colonies.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">division lines of the panes.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Single line perf.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> 1st comb perf.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">4d. sepia-brown.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">4d. deep sepia-brown.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Double embossing.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Yellow gum.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> Watermark </td><td align="left" colspan="2">inverted.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">sideways.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left">inverted.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">portions of words Crown Colonies.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">division lines of the panes.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Single line perf.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> 1st comb perf.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">6d. pale blue.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">6d. blue.</td></tr> +</table> +</div> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page61" id="page61"></a>[pg 61]</span></p> +<div class="indented"> +<table summary=""> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">6d. deep blue.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> Slanting </td><td align="left">label to </td><td align="left">right.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left">left.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Double embossing.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Yellow gum.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> Watermark </td><td align="left" colspan="2">inverted.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">sideways.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left">inverted.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">portions of words Crown Colonies.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">division lines of the panes.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> Single </td><td align="left">line perf. </td><td align="left">(vertical watermark).</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left">(sideways watermark).</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> 1st comb perf.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">1s. bright green.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">1s. deep green.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Double embossing.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Yellow gum.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> Watermark </td><td align="left" colspan="2">inverted.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">sideways.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left">inverted.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">portions of words Crown Colonies.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">division lines of the panes.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> ? Single line perf.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> 1st comb perf.</td></tr> +</table> +</div> + +<p>1886-7.—Watermarked Crown C.A. sideways. Comb perf. 14.</p> + +<div class="indented"> +<table summary=""> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">½d. grey-green.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">½d. myrtle-green.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> Double </td><td align="left" colspan="2">embossing.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left">one inverted.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Yellow gum.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> Watermark </td><td align="left" colspan="2">portions of words <span class="sc">crown agents</span>.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">division lines of the panes.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Imperforate (grey-green).</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Treble perf. at bottom.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> Left </td><td align="left">stroke of </td><td align="left">M long.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> Right</td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Sheets—1st and 2nd comb perforations.</td></tr> +</table> +</div> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page62" id="page62"></a>[pg 62]</span></p> +<div class="indented"> +<table summary=""> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">1d. carmine.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">1d. rose-carmine.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">1d. crimson.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Double embossing.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Yellow gum.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> Watermark </td><td align="left" colspan="2">portions of words <span class="sc">crown agents</span>.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">division lines of the panes.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Imperforate (pale crimson).</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Sheets—1st and 2nd comb perforations.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">2d. orange-yellow.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">2d. orange.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">2d. deep orange.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Double embossing.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Yellow gum.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> Watermark </td><td align="left" colspan="2">portions of words <span class="sc">crown agents</span>.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">division lines of the panes.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Imperforate (orange-yellow).</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Sheets—1st and 2nd comb perforations.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">2½d. pale ultramarine.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">2½d. deep ultramarine.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Double embossing.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Yellow gum.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> Watermark </td><td align="left" colspan="2">inverted.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">portions of words <span class="sc">crown agents</span>.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">division lines of the panes.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Imperforate (pale ultramarine).</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Sheets—1st and 2nd comb perforations.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">3d. grey.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">3d. slate-grey.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">3d. pearl-grey.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Double embossing.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Yellow gum.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> Watermark </td><td align="left" colspan="2">portions of words <span class="sc">crown agents</span>.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">division lines of the panes.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Imperforate (pearl-grey).</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Sheets—1st and 2nd comb perforations.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Final printing, 3 guide dots in left margin (pearl-grey only).</td></tr> +</table> +</div> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page63" id="page63"></a>[pg 63]</span></p> +<div class="indented"> +<table summary=""> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">4d. brown.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">4d. deep brown.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Double embossing.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Yellow gum.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> Watermark </td><td align="left" colspan="2">inverted.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">portions of words <span class="sc">crown agents</span>.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">division lines of the panes.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Imperforate (brown).</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Sheets—1st comb perforation.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">6d. olive-green.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">6d. bronze-green.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">6d. grey-green.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> Label </td><td align="left">slanting to </td><td align="left">right.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left">left.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Double embossing.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Yellow gum.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> Watermark </td><td align="left" colspan="2">portions of words <span class="sc">crown agents</span>.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">division lines of the panes.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Imperforate (slate-green).</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Sheets—1st and 2nd comb perforations.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> New plate without defective top row.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">1s. violet (shades).</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="4">1s. deep violet.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> Double </td><td align="left" colspan="2">embossing.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left">one inverted (violet).</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Yellow gum.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left"> Watermark </td><td align="left" colspan="2">portions of words <span class="sc">crown agents</span>.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="center"> " </td><td align="left" colspan="2">division lines of the panes.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Imperforate (deep violet).</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left" colspan="3"> Sheets—1st comb perforation.</td></tr> +</table> +</div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page64" id="page64"></a>[pg 64]</span></p> + + +<p>1898.—Watermarked Crown C.A. (upright). Perf. 14.</p> + +<blockquote><p> +[<span class="sc">Note.</span>—Unless otherwise stated, the plate number is <a href="#Plate_II">2</a>.] +</p> +</blockquote> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">½d. dull green and green (plates <a href="#Plate_II">2</a> and <a href="#Plate_III">3</a>).</p> +<p class="i2">1d. carmine and carmine.</p> +<p class="i2">1d. deep carmine and deep carmine (<a href="#Plate_III">plate 3</a>).</p> +<p class="i2">2d. orange and mauve.</p> +<p class="i2">2½d. ultramarine and ultramarine.</p> +<p class="i2">3d. mauve and pale ultramarine.</p> +<p class="i8">Imperforate.</p> +<p class="i2">3d. deep purple and deep ultramarine (<a href="#Plate_III">plate 3</a>).</p> +<p class="i2">4d. brown and ultramarine.</p> +<p class="i2">6d. olive-green and carmine.</p> +<p class="i2">1s. violet and green.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>1902-1905.—Watermarked Crown C.A. Perf. 14.</p> + +<blockquote><p> +[Printed from <a href="#Plate_I">plate 1</a> in each case.] +</p> +</blockquote> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">½d. green and green.</p> +<p class="i2">1d. carmine and carmine.</p> +<p class="i2">2d. orange and mauve.</p> +<p class="i2">2½d. ultramarine and ultramarine.</p> +<p class="i2">3d. magenta and ultramarine.</p> +<p class="i2">4d. brown and ultramarine.</p> +<p class="i2">6d. sage-green and carmine.</p> +<p class="i2">1s. violet and green.</p> +<p class="i2">1s. 6d. green and carmine on yellow paper.</p> +<p class="i2">2s. deep slate and orange.</p> +<p class="i2">2s. 6d. purple and brown on yellow paper.</p> +<p class="i2">3s. carmine and green on yellow paper.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page65" id="page65"></a>[pg 65]</span></p> + +<p>1904-1905.—Watermarked Multiple Crown C.A. Perf. 14.</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i2">½d. green and green. </p> +<p class="i2">1d. carmine and carmine.</p> +<p class="i2">2d. orange and mauve.</p> +<p class="i2">2½d. ultramarine and ultramarine.</p> +<p class="i2">3d. magenta and ultramarine.</p> +<p class="i2">4d. brown and ultramarine.</p> +<p class="i2">5d. grey and black.</p> +<p class="i2">6d. sage-green and carmine.</p> +<p class="i2">7½d. green and carmine.</p> +<p class="i2">10d. olive-brown and carmine.</p> +<p class="i2">1s. violet and green.</p> +<p class="i2">2s. deep slate and orange.</p> + </div> </div> + +<p>1906 (April 10).—Provisional Issue. Overprinted in black.</p> + +<div class="indented"> +<table summary=""> +<tr><td align="center">HALF </td><td align="left" colspan="3" rowspan="2">on 2s. 6d. purple and brown on yellow paper.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="center">PENNY </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left">5mm. between letters and bars.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left">4mm. " " </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"> </td><td align="left">Depressed<span class="sc"> y</span> in <span class="sc"> penny.</span></td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr><td align="left" colspan="10"><span class="sc">one penny</span> on 3s. carmine and green on yellow paper.</td></tr> +<tr> + <td align="left"> </td> + <td align="left"> </td> + <td align="left"> </td> + <td align="left"> </td> + <td align="left"> </td> + <td align="left" colspan="4">Double overprint.</td></tr> +<tr> + <td align="left"> </td> + <td align="left"> </td> + <td align="left"> </td> + <td align="left"> </td> + <td align="left"> </td> + <td align="left">Depressed<span class="sc"> y</span> in<span class="sc"> penny.</span></td></tr> +<tr> + <td align="left"> </td> + <td align="left"> </td> + <td align="left"> </td> + <td align="left"> </td> + <td align="center"> </td> + <td align="left"> "<span class="sc"> e</span> " </td></tr> +</table> +</div> +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page66" id="page66"></a>[pg 66]</span></p> + + + + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/image_001.jpg" width="600" height="181" alt="" /> +</div> + +<h2><a name="APPENDIX" id="APPENDIX"></a>APPENDIX.</h2> + +<h2>Notes on the Postmarks.</h2> + +<h4>By <span class="sc">Douglas Ellis</span>.</h4> + +<div class="figleft"><img src="images/image_t.jpg" alt="T" width="46" height="50" /></div> +<p>he first Gambia stamps appeared early in 1869, +and postmarks of that year are usually composed +of a circle with "Gambia" across the centre +in a straight line, and the date in two lines +below and a control letter above.</p> + +<p>This postmark is usually in red, but is also found in +black. It was apparently only in use for a short time, +being superseded by a circular postmark of the same +size, but with "Gambia" at top and "Paid" at +bottom, both following the line of the circle.</p> + +<p>The day and month are in a straight line across the +centre of the circle, with the year (last two figures only) +below and a control letter above. This, in the early +dated specimens, is A, followed by B and then C. +The postmark is always in red down to the early part +of 1887.</p> + +<p>On the early imperforate stamps we find a similar +postmark in black, but lettered "Gambia" above and +"Unpaid" below. This was probably intended for +use on letters posted without a stamp. The control +letter is A.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page67" id="page67"></a>[pg 67]</span></p> + +<p>From 1887 to 1892 the Gambia-Paid postmark +appears in black. The control letters are B or C.</p> + +<p>In 1892 this was superseded by a fresh cancellation +with "Bathurst" above and "Gambia" below, both +following the line of the circle, the date across the +centre as before, and the control letter being C.</p> + +<p>The lettering may be found in two sizes; on one the +distance between the B of Bathurst and the G of +Gambia is 3mm. and on the other 6mm.</p> + +<p>In 1895 the control letter C was replaced by a six-pointed +*, and this cancellation is still in use.</p> + +<p>About 1901 a special postmark for Registered letters +was brought into use, consisting of a large ellipse with +"Registered" above and "Gambia" below, both +following the line of curve, and with date in centre +and control letter above, either B or C, the latter +often being found reversed or upside down. This +is still in use.</p> + +<p>From 1895 onwards stamps may be found cancelled +with a circular postmark with "Received" above and +"Gambia" below, and either a control letter C or a +six-pointed *. Possibly this was a Fiscal cancellation +wrongly used on postage stamps.</p> + +<p>Most Gambia stamps, from the C.C. perforated +issue onwards, may be found with a cancellation consisting +of seven parallel bars forming a circle of 19mm. +diameter, the two outside bars being rounded off to form +part of the circle. Though this can be found on the +last issue of Queen's Head stamps, it does not appear +to be now used.</p> + +<p>On the 1887 and later issues we find a cancellation +composed of four concentric circles, the diameter of the +largest being 18mm.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page68" id="page68"></a>[pg 68]</span></p> + +<p>Many letters appear to have been posted on board +the mail steamer, or sent from the post office without +the stamp being cancelled, as Gambia stamps are found +with the mail steamer postmark, which consists of two +circles with "Paquebot" above, and either "Plymouth" +or, "Liverpool" below, both being between +the two circles.</p> + +<p>The date, comprising not only the year and month +but day and hour, is in three lines in the centre.</p> + +<p>Many Gambia stamps can also be found postmarked +"Freetown, Sierra Leone," or "Registered, Sierra +Leone," but as we have no record of Gambia stamps +being used to defray postage from Sierra Leone, we +must conclude that they were sent on by a steamer +which did not possess a post office, and cancelled at +Sierra Leone before being shipped on the mail steamer.</p> + +<p>Stamps of Gambia can also occasionally be found +with the postmark of the French Colony of Senegambia.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 125px;"> +<img src="images/image_003.jpg" width="125" height="171" alt="" /> +</div> + +<hr /> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"><a name="Plate_I" id="Plate_I"></a> +<img src="images/image_004.jpg" width="500" height="791" alt="" /></div> +<h4>Plate I.—6d. Imperforate.</h4> + +<hr /> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"><a name="Plate_II" id="Plate_II"></a> +<img src="images/image_007.jpg" width="500" height="789" alt="" /></div> +<h4>Plate II.—½d. Single line perforation.</h4> + +<hr /> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"><a name="Plate_III" id="Plate_III"></a><img src="images/image_008.jpg" width="500" height="722" alt="" /></div> +<h4>Plate III.—½d. First comb perforation (points down).</h4> + +<hr /> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"><a name="Plate_IV" id="Plate_IV"></a> +<img src="images/image_021.jpg" width="500" height="749" alt="" /></div> +<h4>Plate IV.—1d. First comb perforation.</h4> + +<hr /> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"><a name="Plate_V" id="Plate_V"></a> +<img src="images/image_022.jpg" width="500" height="755" alt="" /></div> +<h4>Plate V.—2d. First comb perforation.</h4> + +<hr /> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"><a name="Plate_VI" id="Plate_VI"></a> +<img src="images/image_025.jpg" width="500" height="760" alt="" /></div> +<h4>Plate VI.—2½d. First comb perforation (points up).</h4> + +<hr /> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"><a name="Plate_VII" id="Plate_VII"></a> +<img src="images/image_026.jpg" width="500" height="756" alt="" /></div> +<h4>Plate VII.—3d. First comb perforation. Three guide dots to right.</h4> + +<hr /> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"><a name="Plate_VIII" id="Plate_VIII"></a> +<img src="images/image_029.jpg" width="500" height="762" alt="" /></div> +<h4>Plate VIII.—3d. Second comb perforation. Three guide dots to left.</h4> + +<hr /> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"><a name="Plate_IX" id="Plate_IX"></a> +<img src="images/image_030.jpg" width="500" height="739" alt="" /></div> +<h4>Plate IX.—4d. First comb perforation.</h4> +<hr /> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"><a name="Plate_X" id="Plate_X"></a> +<img src="images/image_033.jpg" width="500" height="742" alt="" /></div> +<h4>Plate X.—6d. First comb perforation (sloping label stamps, 1 and 5).</h4> + +<hr /> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"><a name="Plate_XI" id="Plate_XI"></a> +<img src="images/image_034.jpg" width="500" height="729" alt="" /></div> +<h4>Plate XI.—6d. Second comb perforation (sloping label stamps, 1 and 5).</h4> + +<hr /> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"><a name="Plate_XII" id="Plate_XII"></a> +<img src="images/image_037.jpg" width="600" height="1144" alt="" /> +</div> +<h4>Plate XII.—Diagram of an uncut sheet of "Crown C.A." paper.</h4> + +<hr /> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"><a name="Plate_XIII" id="Plate_XIII"></a> +<img src="images/image_038.jpg" width="600" height="592" alt="" /> +</div> +<h4>Plate XIII.—Diagram showing method of cutting the "Crown C.A." paper for the "Cameo" stamps.</h4> + +<hr /> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"><a name="Plate_XIV" id="Plate_XIV"></a> +<img src="images/image_041.jpg" width="500" height="749" alt="" /></div> +<h4>Plate XIV.—6d. New plate. Without defective top row.</h4> + +<hr /> + + <div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"><a name="Plate_XV" id="Plate_XV"></a> +<img src="images/image_042.jpg" width="500" height="759" alt="" /></div> +<h4>Plate XV.—1s. First comb perforation.</h4> + +<hr /> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"><a name="Plate_XVI" id="Plate_XVI"></a> +<img src="images/image_045.jpg" width="600" height="577" alt="" /> +</div> +<h4>Plate XVI.—2½d. Complete Sheet, shewing arrangement of panes, +fitting half sheet of watermarked paper, which shews through +the page from the back.</h4> + +<hr /> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/image_046.jpg" width="600" height="584" alt="" /> +</div> +<p>N.B.—To be examined through the stamps on the other side of the plate.</p> + +<hr /> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Gambia, by Frederick John Melville + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GAMBIA *** + +***** This file should be named 26601-h.htm or 26601-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/2/6/6/0/26601/ + +Produced by Simon Gardner, Sankar Viswanathan, Adrian +Mastronardi, The Philatelic Digital Library Project at +http://www.tpdlp.net, and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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