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diff --git a/26551.txt b/26551.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3488cbc --- /dev/null +++ b/26551.txt @@ -0,0 +1,726 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Government Documents in Small Libraries, by +Charles Wells Reeder + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Government Documents in Small Libraries + Reprinted from Report of Board of Library Commissioners + of Ohio for the Year ending November 15, 1909. + +Author: Charles Wells Reeder + +Release Date: September 7, 2008 [EBook #26551] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GOVT DOCUMENTS IN SMALL LIBRARIES *** + + + + +Produced by Gerard Arthus, Richard Prairie and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net + + + + + + + + + + Government Documents + in + Small Libraries + + + Government Documents + in + Small Libraries + BY + CHARLES WELLS REEDER + + Reprinted from Report of Board of Library Commissioners of Ohio for the + year ending November 15, 1909. + + The Springfield Publishing Company, + State Printers. + Springfield, Ohio: + 1910. + + + + +Government Documents in Small Libraries + +_By CHARLES WELLS REEDER, +Assistant Reference Librarian, +Ohio State University._ + +[Substance of an address before a meeting of librarians held under the +auspices of the Library Organizer of the Ohio Library Commission, Ohio +State University, October 8, 1909.] + +The problem of government publications in the small libraries has been +discussed at much length by librarians, but it is still far from a +definite solution. In fact, there can be no general settlement of many +phases of this question, for each and every library must decide what +its own policy and attitude shall be toward this class of publications. + +It is generally admitted that some libraries ought to have all the +publications that are made for distribution, and therefore a system of +depository libraries is maintained by the government. The libraries +which are not favored with this privilege are compelled to make a +selection from the great number of documents and there is the essence +of the problem for discussion here. The question of what to get +involves the selection of certain publications which will be useful to +present patrons of the library and the acquisition of those for which a +demand can be created. For instance, if the library is located in a +rural section, there will be a big demand for publications relating to +agriculture, and a larger proportion of such documents will be secured +than for other subjects. If the students of the high school are +interested in debating present day questions, the publications of the +government relating to the existing political and economic conditions +will be in demand. In the final analysis, the librarian must feel the +pulse of the community, as it were, and secure the classes of +government material which correspond most nearly to the demand. At the +same time, by making use of bibliographies, of department lists of +publications and of the reference section in the Documents Office, the +demand for this class of literature can be materially increased and +documents secured which are not already in the library. + +The purpose of this discussion is to suggest a list of government +publications which will be of use in a small library. Before doing so, +the various methods of securing documents must be mentioned, as the way +will be indicated with each document serial in the following list. +First of all, there is the system of depository distribution which is +based on the act of January 12, 1895. The idea is to place in all +sections of the country complete collections of all public documents +which are printed and made for distribution. This privilege is granted +by law or through the request of senators and representatives. The +second way in which large numbers of documents are distributed is +through the congressional quota. This practice is a very old one, being +used for the first time in 1791. Each member of Congress is given a +quota of all documents published by that body, the number varying with +each document. These are distributed by the order of the congressmen +and are sent out under their franks. As a rule, the libraries will +receive very prompt and courteous attention from their representative +in Congress to any request made for publications. Thirdly, the +departments and bureaus have mailing lists including public officials, +institutions of various kinds and interested people. Usually a request +by a library to be placed upon such a list is granted; if not, a letter +to the congressman will bring the desired result. Finally, the +Superintendent of Documents is authorized to sell the government +publications at a price sufficient to cover the actual expense of +paper, press work and binding. The amount is always small because the +main costs of typesetting and stereotyping are eliminated from the +price. There are some publications which are secured by sale only, this +rule applying to libraries as well as to individuals. + +The list of publications which will be useful is as follows: The +_Farmers' Bulletins_ of the Department of Agriculture are brief popular +articles which give in simple, concise language the results of +investigations and experiments. They also outline methods for farm +procedure and offer instructions and suggestions for the practical +farmer. The annual edition of these bulletins is over six and one half +million copies. By law eighty per cent. of these are placed at the +disposal of the members of Congress, the remaining twenty per cent. +being in the hands of the Secretary of Agriculture. Libraries will be +placed on the mailing list, or single copies will be sent on +application to a senator, representative or delegate, or to the +secretary of the department. An _Index to Farmers' Bulletins 1-250_ was +issued as _Bulletin 8_ of the Division of Publications, Department of +Agriculture; _Circular No. 4_ of this Division is a _Farmers' Bulletin +Subject Index_, and contains a list of the subjects of the _Bulletins_ +arranged alphabetically. It is revised at frequent intervals. The +Library of Congress issues printed cards for the _Farmers' Bulletins_. + +The _Yearbook_ of the Department of Agriculture is virtually an annual +encyclopedia of popular, timely articles on special topics covering the +year's work of the Department and the year's progress in agriculture. +The law provides for an edition of 500,000 copies, but under the new +system of public printing, the actual number issued is 300,000. The +Department has 30,000 and the remainder is placed at the order of the +members of Congress. Applications to either source will be filled, but +requests had better be sent to the congressmen first. Two indexes to +the _Yearbook_ have been prepared: _Bulletin 7_, Division of +Publications covers the annual volumes for the period, 1894-1900, and +_Bulletin 9_ of the same Division, the years 1901-1905. Catalog cards +for all the articles can be secured from the Library of Congress. + +The Division of Publications, Department of Agriculture, issues +_Circular No. 2_, _Publications for Free Distribution_, which gives the +titles of such publications. They are sent free as long as the edition +lasts, application being made to the Secretary of Agriculture. +_Circular No. 3_ is _Publications for Sale_. These can be purchased +from the Superintendent of Documents, the remittances being sent by +postal money orders, express orders, New York draft, or in currency, +but never in stamps. There is also a _Monthly List of Publications_ +issued by the Department of Agriculture, which will be sent to any +library free. Through these three lists a librarian can keep in touch +with the publications of the most active publishing department of the +government and secure the latest available information for the library +patrons. + +The _Annual Report_ of the American Historical Association is devoted +to papers by historians of national fame, to reports of the Public +Archives Commission, and to the publication of historical +bibliographical enterprises. For the students of American history no +one set of government documents can be more valuable. The edition is +rather limited, the law providing for 5,500 copies. As the Smithsonian +Institution has so many exchanges, these reports are best secured from +the quota allowed to Congressmen. + +The International Bureau of American Republics is not essentially a +United States government bureau, but one in which twenty-one of the +republics of the Western Hemisphere have an interest. The _Monthly +Bulletin_ is printed in four languages--English, Spanish, Portuguese +and French. It contains the latest information on the commerce, laws, +new enterprises and general development of each republic. It is +essentially a magazine of Central and South American events. This +Bulletin cannot be obtained free, as the bureau sells nearly all its +publications. The subscription price for the English edition is $2.00 +per year. A small library does not need the foreign edition. +Communications should be addressed to the Director of the Bureau. + +No library can afford to be without the publications of the Bureau of +the Census. The volumes of the decennial censuses contain the +statistical records of the nation's growth and development. If the full +set of reports is not wanted, by all means the _Abstract_ should be +secured, as it contains the summaries. The series of _Bulletins_ issued +by the permanent bureau contains the recent statistics, estimates, and +are the source for much of the data found in the annual newspaper +almanacs. These publications are supplied free of charge to libraries +upon application to the Director of the Census or to members of +Congress. The Department of Commerce and Labor has issued a _List of +Publications_ ... _available for distribution_; the Bureau has also +issued _Publications Tenth, Eleventh and Twelfth Censuses and Permanent +Bureau_. The publications no longer available are marked with an +asterisk. + +The _Annual Reports_ of the Civil Service Commission contain the data +on the historical and statistical growth of the classified government +service, the number and character of examinations, the appointments to +service, the rules covering civil service appointment and the legal +decisions of the Commission. The Commission has twenty thousand copies +of its annual report for distribution, applications for it being made +directly to the Commission. The _Manual of Examinations_ is issued +January 1st and July 1st of each year, and give the date, place, +character and scope of scheduled examinations. It will be found +indispensable for those desiring to enter the government service. It +will be furnished gratuitously by the Commission. + +The _Congressional Directory_ is issued in three editions for a long +session, and in two for a short one. It contains the essential facts +necessary for a valuable reference book on the government. There are +biographical sketches of each senator, representative and delegate in +Congress; committee arrangements are given for all members; officials +and attaches of both houses are listed; biographical sketches are given +for the heads of the executive departments; there is a roster of the +chief officers in each department and in the consular and diplomatic +service; finally, there is a brief outline of the official duties of +each department, bureau and division in the government. The number +issued is determined by the Joint Committee on Printing, but inasmuch +as the _Directory_ is issued as a Senate document, it can be secured by +application to a member in Congress. If not supplied in this way, it +can be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents. The last edition +is the one to be secured. + +The _Congressional Record_ is published daily when Congress is in +session and in a collected edition when the session is over. It is a +verbatim report of all that takes place in Congress, and ought to be +placed with the daily papers in a library. An _Index_ is prepared every +two weeks and one for the entire session. Besides the references to the +bills, the index contains a history of each measure and the number of +each committee report and document presented. Each senator has ninety +copies and each representative and delegate has sixty-two copies. +Librarians should make application to their congressmen for the +_Record_ at the beginning of each session of Congress, as new mailing +lists are made out at that time. + +The _Annual Reports_ of the Bureau of Education are devoted to +statistics concerning the educational system of the United States. +There are also discussions and papers on important educational +movements in other countries. The law provides for an edition of 35,000 +copies, 20,000 of which are distributed by the Bureau. The reports from +1867 to 1898 are indexed in _A. L. A. Index_, 2d ed. Since 1906 much of +the descriptive material in the annual reports has been eliminated and +published as _Bulletins_. These contain many late monographs of +importance and the results of study of new problems in education. +Bulletin 2, 1908, is a _List of Publications ... 1867-1907_. The annual +bibliography of education which has been issued for the past eight +years in the Educational Review is now printed as a _Bulletin_ of the +Bureau of Education. + +The _Experiment Station Record_, a publication of the Office of +Experiment Stations, gives a technical review of the current literature +of agricultural investigation, not only in the United States, but also +throughout the whole world. It reviews books and annual reports of +governments and the agricultural experiment stations in the various +states and about 1,600 periodicals in twelve or more languages. The +Office maintains a mailing list, and application for publications +should be directed to the Director. The _Record_ is also sold by the +Superintendent of Documents at $1.00 per volume, beginning with July, +1909. Previous volumes are $1.50. + +The _Annual Reports_ of the Interstate Commerce Commission cover both +the administrative and the quasi-judicial proceedings of the +Commission. In its administrative features the report presents railroad +statistics, discusses the uniform methods of accounting, and summarizes +the results of enforcing the safety appliance laws, the hours of +service act and the accidents law. Important decisions made during the +year by the Commission and by United States Courts are reviewed. The +reports are furnished gratuitously by the Commission to those who +apply. Another valuable serial is the report on the _Statistics of +Railways in the United States_. It is prepared according to schedules, +and covers the mileage, the amount of railway capital, the earnings and +income, the general expenditures and the accidents. This volume is also +distributed free by the Commission. + +The Bureau of Labor issues three serials which ought to be found in +every library. The _Annual Reports_ contain the results of +investigations which the Bureau has made on industrial and social +subjects. The _Special Reports_ are on particular subjects, and are +prepared as requested by the President of the United States or by +either house of Congress. The _Bulletin_ is issued bi-monthly, and +contains the latest information on subjects within the wide field of +labor and not included in the other reports. The _Annual Reports_ and +_Bulletins_ up to 1898 are indexed in the _A. L. A. Index_, 2d ed. The +Bureau issued an _Index_ in 1902 which covers _Annual Reports_ 1-16, +_Bulletins_ 1-39 and _Special Reports_ 1-9. Application for these +publications are best made to the Bureau and handled from its mailing +list. + +The most useful publication of the Library of Congress in a small +library is the series of bibliographies compiled in the Division of +Bibliography. They vary in size from approximately complete +bibliographies to small reading lists on questions of current interest. +Inasmuch as they are based on the largest collection of library +materials in the United States, the bibliographies give an idea of +existing references and sources which might not be suggested or even +known in smaller institutions. Through library loans and the judicious +writing for sources, the small library can supply liberal materials for +study from these bibliographies. As to the distribution of these +publications, the Library of Congress makes this statement: "With +certain exceptions, the publications are not distributed gratis, except +to institutions with which the library regularly exchanges." At any +event, they can be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents for +from ten to fifteen cents. The complete list of these bibliographies is +published in the _List of Publications Issued Since 1897_ (by the +Library of Congress). + +The _Daily Consular and Trade Reports_ are issued from the Bureau of +Manufactures. These are a collection of reports made by United States +consuls in all parts of the world on matters of commercial and current +importance, such as new inventions, crops, market possibilities and +commercial relations in general. The Bureau will add a library to its +mailing list upon application. + +The Bureau of Statistics of the Department of Commerce and Labor issue +two serials which are of use in small libraries. The _Monthly Summary +of Commerce and Finance_ is the leading statistical publication of the +government. It gives a very complete and detailed statistical account +of the foreign commerce of the United States, the internal commerce and +the commerce with the non-contiguous possessions. The _Statistical +Abstract_ covers, in summarized form, most of the important subjects in +the wide field of government activity, and easily ranks as "the most +useful summary of statistics relating to our country that is printed." +The edition is limited to twelve thousand copies--three thousand to the +Senate, six thousand to the House, and the remainder to the Bureau. +Application for both serials can be made directly to the Bureau, and +especially for the _Monthly Summary_. + +In conclusion, the librarian that intends to be alive to his +opportunity with government documents will get the _Annual Reports_ of +the Superintendent of Documents for 1907 and 1908 and commit them to +heart. They contain the best explanation of the present plan of +distribution and other problems with these publications that has been +written. The library should receive the series of _Price Lists_ and +_Leaflets_ now being issued by the Documents Office. The one is +virtually a bibliography of some important subjects which the documents +cover; the other is a description of some one document or some class of +more than passing interest. Both show what can be purchased and the +price of the publication. If the library has not received copies of +_Free Lists Nos. 1 to 3_, they should be sent for. They contain a list +of the documents which are offered free of all charge to libraries. +Many rare and useful publications can be secured in this way. Finally, +if possible, subscribe for the _Monthly Catalog of Public Documents_, +which keeps the reading public informed as to what is now being +published by the government, how and where the publications can be +obtained and the purchase price. + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Government Documents in Small Libraries, by +Charles Wells Reeder + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GOVT DOCUMENTS IN SMALL LIBRARIES *** + +***** This file should be named 26551.txt or 26551.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/2/6/5/5/26551/ + +Produced by Gerard Arthus, Richard Prairie and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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