1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
2070
2071
2072
2073
2074
2075
2076
2077
2078
2079
2080
2081
2082
2083
2084
2085
2086
2087
2088
2089
2090
2091
2092
2093
2094
2095
2096
2097
2098
2099
2100
2101
2102
2103
2104
2105
2106
2107
2108
2109
2110
2111
2112
2113
2114
2115
2116
2117
2118
2119
2120
2121
2122
2123
2124
2125
2126
2127
2128
2129
2130
2131
2132
2133
2134
2135
2136
2137
2138
2139
2140
2141
2142
2143
2144
2145
2146
2147
2148
2149
2150
2151
2152
2153
2154
2155
2156
2157
2158
2159
2160
2161
2162
2163
2164
2165
2166
2167
2168
2169
2170
2171
2172
2173
2174
2175
2176
2177
2178
2179
2180
2181
2182
2183
2184
2185
2186
2187
2188
2189
2190
2191
2192
2193
2194
2195
2196
2197
2198
2199
2200
2201
2202
2203
2204
2205
2206
2207
2208
2209
2210
2211
2212
2213
2214
2215
2216
2217
2218
2219
2220
2221
2222
2223
2224
2225
2226
2227
2228
2229
2230
2231
2232
2233
2234
2235
2236
2237
2238
2239
2240
2241
2242
2243
2244
2245
2246
2247
2248
2249
2250
2251
2252
2253
2254
2255
2256
2257
2258
2259
2260
2261
2262
2263
2264
2265
2266
2267
2268
2269
2270
2271
2272
2273
2274
2275
2276
2277
2278
2279
2280
2281
2282
2283
2284
2285
2286
2287
2288
2289
2290
2291
2292
2293
2294
2295
2296
2297
2298
2299
2300
2301
2302
2303
2304
2305
2306
2307
2308
2309
2310
2311
2312
2313
2314
2315
2316
2317
2318
2319
2320
2321
2322
2323
2324
2325
2326
2327
2328
2329
2330
2331
2332
2333
2334
2335
2336
2337
2338
2339
2340
2341
2342
2343
2344
2345
2346
2347
2348
2349
2350
2351
2352
2353
2354
2355
2356
2357
2358
2359
2360
2361
2362
2363
2364
2365
2366
2367
2368
2369
2370
2371
2372
2373
2374
2375
2376
2377
2378
2379
2380
2381
2382
2383
2384
2385
2386
2387
2388
2389
2390
2391
2392
2393
2394
2395
2396
2397
2398
2399
2400
2401
2402
2403
2404
2405
2406
2407
2408
2409
2410
2411
2412
2413
2414
2415
2416
2417
2418
2419
2420
2421
2422
2423
2424
2425
2426
2427
2428
2429
2430
2431
2432
2433
2434
2435
2436
2437
2438
2439
2440
2441
2442
2443
2444
2445
2446
2447
2448
2449
2450
2451
2452
2453
2454
2455
2456
2457
2458
2459
2460
2461
2462
2463
2464
2465
2466
2467
2468
2469
2470
2471
2472
2473
2474
2475
2476
2477
2478
2479
2480
2481
2482
2483
2484
2485
2486
2487
2488
2489
2490
2491
2492
2493
2494
2495
2496
2497
2498
2499
2500
2501
2502
2503
2504
2505
2506
2507
2508
2509
2510
2511
2512
2513
2514
2515
2516
2517
2518
2519
2520
2521
2522
2523
2524
2525
2526
2527
2528
2529
2530
2531
2532
2533
2534
2535
2536
2537
2538
2539
2540
2541
2542
2543
2544
2545
2546
2547
2548
2549
2550
2551
2552
2553
2554
2555
2556
2557
2558
2559
2560
2561
2562
2563
2564
2565
2566
2567
2568
2569
2570
2571
2572
2573
2574
2575
2576
2577
2578
2579
2580
2581
2582
2583
2584
2585
2586
2587
2588
2589
2590
2591
2592
2593
2594
2595
2596
2597
2598
2599
2600
2601
2602
2603
2604
2605
2606
2607
2608
2609
2610
2611
2612
2613
2614
2615
2616
2617
2618
2619
2620
2621
2622
2623
2624
2625
2626
2627
2628
2629
2630
2631
2632
2633
2634
2635
2636
2637
2638
2639
2640
2641
2642
2643
2644
2645
2646
2647
2648
2649
2650
2651
2652
2653
2654
2655
2656
2657
2658
2659
2660
2661
2662
2663
2664
2665
2666
2667
2668
2669
2670
2671
2672
2673
2674
2675
2676
2677
2678
2679
2680
2681
2682
2683
2684
2685
2686
2687
2688
2689
2690
2691
2692
2693
2694
2695
2696
2697
2698
2699
2700
2701
2702
2703
2704
2705
2706
2707
2708
2709
2710
2711
2712
2713
2714
2715
2716
2717
2718
2719
2720
2721
2722
2723
2724
2725
2726
2727
2728
2729
2730
2731
2732
2733
2734
2735
2736
2737
2738
2739
2740
2741
2742
2743
2744
2745
2746
2747
2748
2749
2750
2751
2752
2753
2754
2755
2756
2757
2758
2759
2760
2761
2762
2763
2764
2765
2766
2767
2768
2769
2770
2771
2772
2773
2774
2775
2776
2777
2778
2779
2780
2781
2782
2783
2784
2785
2786
2787
2788
2789
2790
2791
2792
2793
2794
2795
2796
2797
2798
2799
2800
2801
2802
2803
2804
2805
2806
2807
2808
2809
2810
2811
2812
2813
2814
2815
2816
2817
2818
2819
2820
2821
2822
2823
2824
2825
2826
2827
2828
2829
2830
2831
2832
2833
2834
2835
2836
2837
2838
2839
2840
2841
2842
2843
2844
2845
2846
2847
2848
2849
2850
2851
2852
2853
2854
2855
2856
2857
2858
2859
2860
2861
2862
2863
2864
2865
2866
2867
2868
2869
2870
2871
2872
2873
2874
2875
2876
2877
2878
2879
2880
2881
2882
2883
2884
2885
2886
2887
2888
2889
2890
2891
2892
2893
2894
2895
2896
2897
2898
2899
2900
2901
2902
2903
2904
2905
2906
2907
2908
2909
2910
2911
2912
2913
2914
2915
2916
2917
2918
2919
2920
2921
2922
2923
2924
2925
2926
2927
2928
2929
2930
2931
2932
2933
2934
2935
2936
2937
2938
2939
2940
2941
2942
2943
2944
2945
2946
2947
2948
2949
2950
2951
2952
2953
2954
2955
2956
2957
2958
2959
2960
2961
2962
2963
2964
2965
2966
2967
2968
2969
2970
2971
2972
2973
2974
2975
2976
2977
2978
2979
2980
2981
2982
2983
2984
2985
2986
2987
2988
2989
2990
2991
2992
2993
2994
2995
2996
2997
2998
2999
3000
3001
3002
3003
3004
3005
3006
3007
3008
3009
3010
3011
3012
3013
3014
3015
3016
3017
3018
3019
3020
3021
3022
3023
3024
3025
3026
3027
3028
3029
3030
3031
3032
3033
3034
3035
3036
3037
3038
3039
3040
3041
3042
3043
3044
3045
3046
3047
3048
3049
3050
3051
3052
3053
3054
3055
3056
3057
3058
3059
3060
3061
3062
3063
3064
3065
3066
3067
3068
3069
3070
3071
3072
3073
3074
3075
3076
|
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>Buchanan’s Journal of Man, May 1887.</title>
<style type="text/css" media="screen">
/*Overall document styles*/
* {font-family:Georgia,serif;}
body {
margin-left: 15%;
margin-right: 15%;
}
p {
text-align: justify;
line-height: 1.3;
margin: 0;
text-indent: 1em;
}
h1,h2,h3, h4 {
text-align: center;
font-weight: normal;
clear: both;
text-indent:0em;
font-variant: small-caps;
}
hr.short {width:20%;text-align:center;}
ul { list-style: none; }
li {
text-indent: -1em;
padding-left: 1em;
}
abbr, img {
text-decoration: none;
border: none;
}
/*Page number styling*/
.pagenum, .skip_link, .note {
position: absolute;
left: 2%;
font-size: 10px;
font-weight:normal;
font-variant:normal;
font-style: normal;
letter-spacing: normal;
text-indent: 0em;
text-align: right;
color: gray;
background-color: inherit;
}
.pagenum:after { content: attr(title); }
/*Frontmatter styles*/
.skip_link {right:2%;}
#frontmatter .first_paragraph:first-letter {
font: inherit;
float: inherit;
margin: inherit;
line-height: inherit;
}
#blurbs {margin:4em 0em;}
.blurb { padding-bottom: 1em; }
#contents {margin:6em 2em;}
#masthead, #frontmatter { border-top: 2px gray solid; }
#mastdate {
width: 100%;
height: 1.25em;
letter-spacing: 0.1em;
font-variant: small-caps;
border-top: thin gray solid;
border-bottom: thin gray solid;
padding: 1em 0em;
margin: 2em 0em;
text-align: center;
text-indent: 0em;
}
#mastdate p { margin: 0; }
#leftmast,#rightmast,#centermast {
float: left;
width: 33%;
text-align: center;
}
#centermast { width: 34%; }
.issue_title {
letter-spacing: .1em;
margin: 2em 0em;
line-height: 2em;
font-size: 250%;
}
.proprietor { font-size: 80%; }
/*Article styles*/
.title { font-variant: normal; }
.article .title {
margin: 2em;
font-family: 'Lucida Blackletter',sans-serif;
}
.subtitle, .author {
font-size: .9em;
font-family: Georgia,serif;
padding: 2em 0em;
text-indent: 0em;
text-align: center;
}
.supertitle {font-size:.8em;text-align:center;text-indent:0em;}
.article { margin: 4em 0em; }
.aside,.miscellany_item, .subsection { margin: 2em 0em; }
.separator {
text-indent: 0em;
text-align: center;
margin: 1em;
}
.image {
clear: both;
padding: 2em 0em;
margin:auto;
text-align:center;
}
.illo_left {
float:left;
clear:none;
padding:0em 5px .25em 0em;
}
.illo_right {
float:right;
clear:none;
padding:0em 0em .25em 5px;
}
.chapter_outline, .purpose {
width:80%;
margin:2em 10%;
font-size:.9em;
text-indent:0em;
}
.dateline {text-align:right;margin:1em 2em 0em;}
.source {text-align:right;margin:0em 2em 1em;}
#agelist {margin:2em 0em 0em 2em;}
#agelist p {font-style:italic;}
.continued_paragraph {text-indent:0em;}
/*Character and emphasis styles*/
.first_paragraph { text-indent: 0em; }
.first_paragraph .first_word { text-transform: uppercase; }
.first_word { font-variant: small-caps; }
.first_paragraph:first-letter {
font-size: 200%;
float: left;
margin: 0em .25em 0em 0em;
line-height: 1em;
}
.name,.headline,.emphasis {
font-style: normal;
font-variant: small-caps;
font-weight: normal;
}
.extra_emphasis, .small_all_caps {
font-style: normal;
font-weight: normal;
font-size: .85em;
}
/*Poetry styles*/
.poem {
margin-left: 10%;
margin-right: 10%;
margin-bottom: 1em;
margin-top:1em;
text-align: left;
}
.poem .stanza { margin: 1em 0em; }
.poem p {
margin: 0;
padding-left: 3em;
text-indent: -3em;
text-align: left;
line-height: normal;
}
/*Footnotes-as-sidenotes*/
.note { /*Style for the footnote -- turns it into a sidenote*/
text-indent:-.5em;
padding-left:1em;
text-align:left;
left:87%;
color:black;
font-family:body;
}
/*Advertising section styles*/
#business {
margin: 4em auto;
font-size: .9em;
}
.ad_narrow {
width: 60%;
margin: 1em auto;
border-bottom: thin gray solid;
padding-bottom: 1em;
}
.ad_wide {width:80%;
margin: 1em auto;
border-bottom: thin gray solid;
padding-bottom: 1em;
}
.ad_pstyle_1 {
padding: 1em 0em;
text-align: center;
text-indent: 0em;
line-height: normal;
font-family: Helvetica,sans-serif;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 1.75em;
}
.ad_pstyle_2 {
padding: 1em 0em;
text-align: center;
text-indent: 0em;
line-height: normal;
font-family: Helvetica,sans-serif;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 1.25em;
}
.ad_pstyle_3 {
padding: 1em 0em;
text-align: center;
text-indent: 0em;
line-height: normal;
font-size: 1em;
font-weight: bold;
}
.ad_pstyle_4 {
text-align: right;
margin-right: 1em;
}
.ad_pstyle_5 { text-indent: 0em; }
/*There is no 6 right now*/
.ad_pstyle_7 {
padding: 1em 0em;
text-align: center;
text-indent: 0em;
font-style: italic;
}
.ad_pstyle_8 {
padding: 0.5em 0em;
text-align: center;
text-indent: 0em;
}
.ad_pstyle_9 {
text-align: center;
text-indent: 0em;
font-variant: small-caps;
}
.ad_pstyle_10 {
padding: 1em 0em;
text-align: center;
text-indent: 0em;
line-height: normal;
font-family: Helvetica,sans-serif;
font-size: 1em;
width:80%;
margin:auto;
line-height:3em;
border-bottom:thin gray dotted;
}
.ad_pstyle_11 {
padding: 1em 0em;
border-top: 1px gray solid;
}
.sign {
text-align: center;
text-indent: 0em;
padding-bottom: 1em;
}
.address {
text-align: right;
display: block;
}
.letter { margin: 1em 0em; }
.closing,.business_address,.segment { padding-right: 3em; }
.location,.salutation { font-variant: small-caps; }
.addressee { text-indent: 0em; }
.ad_table {
width: 100%;
margin: auto;
}
.ad_table td+td { text-align: right; }
.preamble p {text-align:center;text-indent:0em;margin:1em 0em;}
.ad_wide p {margin:1em 0em;}
#transcriber_note {font-size:.9em;width:80%;margin:2em 10%;border:thin dotted gray;padding:1em;background-color:#eee;color:inherit;}
#transcriber_note p {text-indent:0em;text-align:left;}
#the_end {margin-top:5em;border-bottom:2px gray solid;}
/*Anchor styles*/
a:link, a:visited { text-decoration:none; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<pre>
Project Gutenberg's Buchanan's Journal of Man, May 1887, by Various
This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
Title: Buchanan's Journal of Man, May 1887
Volume 1, Number 4
Author: Various
Editor: J. R. Buchanan
Release Date: August 15, 2008 [EBook #26317]
Language: English
Character set encoding: UTF-8
*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BUCHANAN'S JOURNAL OF MAN, MAY 1887 ***
Produced by Barbara Tozier, Bill Tozier and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net
</pre>
<div id="masthead">
<h1 class="issue_title"><a class="pagenum" id="page1" title="1"></a><span class="proprietor">BUCHANAN’S</span><br />
JOURNAL OF MAN.</h1>
<div id="mastdate">
<p id="leftmast"><abbr title="Volume">Vol.</abbr> <abbr title="One">I.</abbr></p>
<p id="centermast">MAY, 1887.</p>
<p id="rightmast"><abbr title="number">No.</abbr> 4.</p>
</div>
</div><!--Masthead-->
<div id="contents">
<ul>
<li><a href="#art1">The Prophetic Faculty: War and Peace</a></li>
<li><a href="#art2">Clearing away the Fog</a></li>
<li><a href="#art3">The Danger of living among Christians: A Question of peace or war</a></li>
<li><a href="#art4">Legislative Quackery, Ignorance, and Blindness to the Future</a></li>
<li><a href="#art5">Evils that need Attention</a></li>
<li><a href="#art6">What is Intellectual Greatness</a></li>
<li><a href="#art7">Spiritual Wonders</a>—<a href="#wonder1">Slater’s Tests</a>; <a href="#wonder2">Spirit Pictures</a>; <a href="#wonder3">Telegraphy</a>; <a href="#wonder4">Music</a>; <a href="#wonder5">Slate Writing</a>; <a href="#wonder6">Fire Test</a></li>
<li><a href="#art8">MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE</a>—<a href="#misc1">Erratum</a>;
<a href="#misc2">Co-operation</a>;
<a href="#misc3">Emancipation</a>;
<a href="#misc4">Inventors</a>;
<a href="#misc5">Important Discovery</a>;
<a href="#misc6">Saccharine</a>;
<a href="#misc7">Sugar</a>;
<a href="#misc8">Artificial Ivory</a>;
<a href="#misc9">Paper Pianos</a>;
<a href="#misc10">Social Degeneracy</a>;
<a href="#misc11">Prevention of Cruelty</a>;
<a href="#misc12">Value of Birds</a>;
<a href="#misc13">House Plants</a>;
<a href="#misc14">Largest Tunnel</a>;
<a href="#misc15">Westward Empire</a>
</li>
<li><a href="#art9">Structure of the Brain</a></li>
<li><a href="#art9_part2">Chapter III. Genesis of the Brain</a></li>
<li><a href="#business">To the Readers of the Journal</a>—<a href="#college">College of Therapeutics</a></li>
<li><a href="#press">Journal of Man</a>—<a href="#lang_of_press">Language of Press and Readers</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<hr class="short" />
<div id="art1" class="article">
<h2 class="title">The Prophetic Faculty: War and Peace.</h2>
<p><span class="first_word">In</span> our last issue, the psychometric faculty of prophecy was illustrated
by predictions of peace, while generals, statesmen, and editors
were promising a gigantic war. In this number the reader will find
a grand prediction of war, while statesmen and states were anticipating
peace, and a southern statesman, even upon the brink of
war, offered to drink all the blood that would be shed.</p>
<p>The strength of the warlike spirit and prediction at the time
psychometry was prophesying peace was conspicuous even as late as
the ninth of March, when the London correspondent of the <cite>Sun</cite>
wrote as follows:</p>
<p>“An eminent Russian general with whom I have talked believes
the plan of Russian attack on Austria is fully developed. Galicia
is to be the battleground between the two countries. Russia will
enter the province without trouble, as there is nothing to hinder her.
Then she will make a dash to secure the important strategic railroad
which runs parallel with the Galician frontier, and seek to drive the
Austrians over the Carpathians.</p>
<p>“That Galicia will witness the first fighting is generally admitted,
as also that the possession of the strategic railroad, running as
it does just at the rear of the Austrian positions, would be the most
vital question. It may be interesting to say that military men of
whatever nationality look upon an early war as a certain thing.
They are not content to say they believe war is coming; they are
absolutely positive of it, and each little officer has his own personal
way of conclusively proving that this sort of peace cannot go on any
longer.</p>
<p>“Meanwhile there are lots of straws floating about this week, which
indicate that international winds are still blowing toward war.
From Russian Poland there is reported an interruption in all kinds
of business, owing to the war scare. Manufacturers refuse to accept
orders from private persons, and financial institutions have still
further weakened business by reducing their credit to a minimum.
A letter from St. Petersburg tells of the tremendous enthusiasm of
the troops at the review by the Czar on last Saturday, of the wild
cheering for his imperial Majesty, of the loud and strident whistles
audible above the roar of the cannon with which the officers command
their men, and of the general blending of barbaric fierceness
and courage with modern discipline and fighting improvements.</p>
<p><a class="pagenum" id="page2" title="2"> </a>“In Vienna the troops are hard at work practising with the Numannlicher
repeating rifle, with which all have been provided. The
Sunday observance act, usually rigorously enforced, has been suspended,
that the government orders for military supplies may be
completed two weeks earlier than contracted for.</p>
<p>“The business of the Hotchkiss gun-making concern is shown to
have increased one hundred per cent with the war scare, and the
eagerness to secure the stock, which now stands at thirty per cent
premium, shows a conviction among monied men. The capital has
been subscribed fifteen times over.”</p>
<p>The persistent prediction of peace was speedily fulfilled. March
12 my statement was sent to the press, and March 22 Bismarck said
to Prince Rudolph of Austria that “<em>peace is assured to Europe for
1887</em>,” and newspaper correspondents announce that the war alarm is
over. Mr. Frederick Harrison, who is travelling on foot in France,
writes that he has found no one who desires war, and that the people
are not even thinking of it.</p>
<p>What is the popular judgment, or even the judgment of popular
leaders worth upon any great question? The masses of mankind
have their judgments enmeshed and inwoven in a web of mechanical
habituality, compelling them to believe that what is and has
been must continue to be in the future, thus limiting their conceptions
to the commonplace. Their leaders do not rise to nobler
conceptions, for if they did not sympathize with the popular,
commonplace conceptions and prejudices they would not be leaders.</p>
<p>“We deem it safe to assert,” says Mrs. Emma Hardinge Britten
in her most valuable and interesting “History of Modern Spiritualism,”
“from opinions formed upon an extensive and intimate knowledge
of both North and South, and a general understanding of the
politics and parties in both sections, that any settlement of the
questions between them by the sword was never deliberately contemplated,
and that the outbreak, no less than the magnitude and
length of the mighty struggle, was all, humanly speaking, forced on
by the logic of events, rather than through the preconcerted action
of either section of the country. We say this much to demonstrate
the truly prophetic character of many of the visions and
communications which circulated amongst the Spiritualists prior to
the opening of the war.”</p>
<p>Not only was it prophesied by the Quaker Joseph Hoag thirty
years in advance, but more fully prophesied from the spirit world by
the spirit of Gen. Washington, and again most eloquently predicted
through the lips of Mrs. E. Hardinge Britten in 1860. Yet who
among all the leaders of the people knew anything of these warnings,
or was sufficiently enlightened to have paid them any respect?
The petition of 15,000 Spiritualists was treated with contemptuous
ridicule by the American Senate, and even the demonstrable invention
of Morse was subjected to ridicule in Congress. Congressmen
stand on no higher moral plane than the people who elect them, and
it is the moral faculties that elevate men into the atmosphere of
pure truth.</p>
<p><a class="pagenum" id="page3" title="3"> </a>But ah! could we have had a Congress and State Legislatures in
1860, composed of men sufficiently elevated in sentiment to realize
the state of the nation and the terrible necessity of preserving the
peace by conciliatory statesmanship, that four years of bloody horror
and devastation might have been spared.</p>
<p>Will the time ever come when nations shall be guided by wisdom
sufficient to avoid convulsions and calamities? Not until there is
sufficient intelligence and wisdom to appreciate the <em>science of man</em>,
to understand the wondrous faculties of the human soul, to follow
their guidance, and to listen to the wisdom of our ancestors as they
speak to us from a higher world.</p>
<p>The prophecies to which I would call attention now, came from the
upper world, and came unheeded and unproclaimed! Great truths
are always buried in silence, if possible, when they first arrive. It
is probable that the grandest prophecies in their far-reaching scope
will always come from such sources, and the grandest seers will be
inspired. The grandest prophecy of the ultimate destiny and power
of “Anthropology” came to me direct from an exalted source in the
spirit world, and no human hand had aught to do with its production.
But the human psychometric faculty has the same prophetic
power in a more limited and more practical sphere. We have no
reason to affirm that the wonderful personal prophecies of Cazotte
on the brink of the French Revolution, stated in the “Manual of
Psychometry,” were at all dependent on spiritual agency.</p>
<p>The prophecy of our great American calamity, which purports to
have come from the spirit of Gen. Washington, appears in a book
published by Josiah Brigham in 1859, of which few of my readers
have any knowledge. The messages were written by the hand of
the famous medium, Joseph D. Stiles, between 1854 and 1857, at
the house of Josiah Brigham in Quincy, Mass., and were published
at Boston in 1859, in a large volume of 459 pages, entitled “Messages
from the Spirit of John Quincy Adams.” The medium was
in an unconscious trance, and the handwriting was a fac-simile of
that of John Quincy Adams. But other spirit communications are
given, and that which purports to come from Washington was in a
handwriting like his own, though not of so bold and intellectual a
style. I quote the portion of his message which relates to the war
of secession, as follows:</p>
<p>“The cities of Sodom and Gomorrah, when they had attained the
summit of imperial wickedness and licentiousness, as the Bible informs
us, fell from their high estate by the visitation of natural penalties,
and the righteous judgments of an overruling Providence. The fall
of Rome and other large cities proves to us that no individual or nation
can disobey the irrepealable enactments of the Infinite Father, and
escape the fixed penalties attached to such transgression!</p>
<p>“And can boasting, sinful America indulge in the flattering, delusive
hope, that the heavy judgments which fell upon those ancient
cities will be averted from her, whose guilt is equal, if not even
greater than theirs? Does she think that Cain-like, she can escape
the vigilant, sleepless eye of that Divine Parent,</p>
<div class="poem">
<p><a class="pagenum" id="page4" title="4"> </a>‘Whose voice is heard in the rolling thunders,</p>
<p>And whose might is seen in the forked lightnings,’</p>
</div>
<p class="continued_paragraph">and that He will turn a deaf ear to the cry of ‘mortal agony,’ daily
borne on the ‘four winds of Heaven’ to His throne of justice, from
the almost broken hearts of His slavery-crushed children?</p>
<p>“Far from it; America can no more expect mercy in her prosperous
wickedness, from the hand of Deity, that can the most degraded
child of earth expect to enjoy equal happiness and bliss with the
more refined and exalted intelligences of heaven. The Parent of all
cares not for the unity or perpetuation of a family of States, where
the prosperity or welfare of a single child of His is concerned.</p>
<p>“God, the eternal Father, has commissioned us, His ministers of
truth and justice, to a great and important undertaking! He has
invested us with power and authority to influence and guide the
actions of mankind, and aid them in their struggles for right and
truth. He has bade us arm ourselves with the weapons of love and
justice, and hasten to the rescue of our struggling brother man.
His call is imperative and binding, and we <em>must</em> and <span class="small_all_caps">WILL</span> obey!</p>
<p>“We are able to discern the period rapidly approximating when
man will take up arms against his fellow-man, and go forth to contend
with the enemies of Republican liberty, and to assert at the
point of the bayonet those rights of which so large a portion of their
fellow-creatures are deprived. Again will the soil of America be
saturated with the blood of freedom-loving children, and her noble
monuments, those sublime attestations of patriotic will and determination,
will tremble, from base to summit, with the heavy roar of
artillery, and the thunder of cannon. The trials of that internal war
will far exceed those of the war of the Revolution, while the cause
contended for will equal, if not excel, in sublimity and power, that
for which the children of ‘76 fought.</p>
<p>“But when the battle-smoke shall disappear, and the cannon’s
fearful tones are heard no more, then will mankind more fully realize
the blessings outflowing from the mighty struggle in which they
so valiantly contended! No longer will their eyes meet with those
bound in the chains of physical slavery, or their ears listen to the
heavy sobs of the oppressed child of God. But o’er a land dedicated
to the principles of impartial liberty the King of Day will rise and
set, and hearts now oppressed with care and sorrow will rejoice in
the blessings of uninterrupted freedom.</p>
<p>“In this eventful revolution, what the patriots of the past failed to
accomplish their descendants will perform, with the timely assistance
of invisible powers. By their sides the heavenly hosts will
labor, imparting courage and fortitude in each hour of despondency,
and urging them onward to a speedy and magnificent triumph. Deploring,
as we do, the existence of slavery, and the means to be
employed to purge it from America, yet our sympathies will culminate
to the cause of right and justice, and give strength to those
who seek to set the captive free, and crush the monster, Slavery.
The picture which I have presented is, indeed, a hideous one. You may
think that I speak with too much assurance when I thus boldly
<a class="pagenum" id="page5" title="5"> </a>prophesy the dissolution of the American Confederacy, and, through
it, the destruction of that gigantic structure, human slavery! But
this knowledge was not the result of a moment’s or an hour’s gleaning,
but nearly half a century’s existence in the seraph life. I have
carefully watched my country’s rising progress, and I am thoroughly
convinced that it cannot always exist under the present Federal Constitution,
and the pressure of that most terrible sin, slavery!”</p>
<p>Had the people of this country been sufficiently enlightened to
investigate these messages fairly, they would have seen that there
was sufficient evidence that this warning really came from Washington,
and the pulpit would have enforced its solemn truths. But our
destiny was fixed; Washington knew that his voice would not be
heeded, and that war could not be prevented.</p>
<p>Again came the warning in 1860, through the lips of a more intellectual
medium, more capable of expressing the bright thought of
the higher world. Mrs. E. Hardinge Britten tells the story in her
“History of American Spiritualism,” pages 416-419. She refers to
the stupid and criminal action of the Legislature of Alabama; and a
similar piece of brutality has been recommended by a committee in
the Pennsylvania Legislature recently. The following is quoted from
the History.</p>
<h3>The Alabama Legislature and the Spirits—Prophecy in
the Alabama Legislative Halls—Retribution.</h3>
<p>Sometime about the month of January, 1860, the Legislature of
Alabama passed a bill declaring that any person or persons giving public
spiritual manifestations in Alabama should be subject to a penalty
of five hundred dollars.</p>
<p>We have given the substance, though not the exact wording of
this edict, which was met by considerable opposition, not only on the
part of great numbers of Spiritualists resident in the State, but also
by the governor himself, who refused to give his sanction to the bill.</p>
<p>Mr. George Redman, the celebrated physical test medium, had
just passed through the South, and remained long enough to create
an immense interest throughout its length and breadth.</p>
<p>The author was already engaged to deliver a course of lectures
in Mobile, and numerous invitations were sent to her from other
parts of the State.</p>
<p>As Mrs. Hardinge’s visit was anticipated at the very time when
the bill above named was in agitation, its friends in the Legislature
considered themselves much aggrieved by the governor’s refusal to
sanction its passage, and deeming either that he was suspiciously
favorable to the cause it was designed to destroy, or that their own
case would be aggravated by the advent of the expected lecturer,
they passed their bill over the governor’s veto, just twenty-four
hours before the explosion anticipated on her arrival could take
place.</p>
<p>On landing in Mobile, Mrs. Hardinge was greeted by a large and
enthusiastic body of friends, but found herself precluded, by legislative
wisdom, from expounding the sublime truths of immortality in a
<a class="pagenum" id="page6" title="6"> </a>city whose walls were placarded all over with bills announcing the
arrival of Madame Leon, the celebrated “seeress and business clairvoyant,
who would show the picture of your future husband, tell the
successful numbers in lotteries, and enable any despairing lover to
secure the affections of his heart’s idol,” etc. Side by side with
these creditable but legalized exhibitions, were flaming announcements
of “the humbug of Spiritualism exposed by Herr Marvel,”
with a long list of all the astonishing feats which “this only genuine
living wizard” would display for the benefit of the pious State
where angelic ministry might not be spoken of.</p>
<p>Mrs. Hardinge passed through Mobile, leaving many warm hearts
behind her, who would fain have exchanged these profane caricatures
for the glad tidings which beloved spirit friends were ready to
dispense to the world.</p>
<p>In passing through the capital city, Montgomery, a detention
occurred of some hours, in forming a railway connection <em lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">en route</em> for
Macon, Georgia, when Mrs. Hardinge and some friends travelling in
her company, were induced to while away the tedious time by visiting
the State House. The Legislature was not sitting that day, and
one of the party, a Spiritualist, remarked that they were even then
standing in the very chamber from which the recent obnoxious
enactment against their faith had issued.</p>
<p>The day was warm, soft, and clear. The sweet southern breeze
stirred a few solitary pines which waved on the capitol hill, and the
scene from the windows of the legislative hall was pleasant, tranquil,
and suggestive of calm but sluggish peace.</p>
<p>At that period—January, 1860—not an ominous murmur, not
the faintest whisper, even, that the war spirit was abroad, and the
legions of death and ruin were lighting their brands and sharpening
their relentless swords to be drenched in the life-blood of millions,
had made itself heard in the land.</p>
<p>The long cherished purposes of hate and fratricidal struggle were
all shrouded in the depths of profound secrecy, and the whole
southern country might have been represented in the scene of stillness
and tranquility that lay outstretched before the eyes of the
watchers, who stood in the State House of the capital city of
Alabama, on that pleasant January afternoon.</p>
<p>There were present six persons besides the author, namely:
Mr. and Mrs. Adams, of Tioga County, Pennsylvania; Mrs. Waters
and her son, a Scotch lady and gentleman from Aberdeen; Mr.
Halford, of New York City; and Mr. James, of Philadelphia. All
but the mother and son from Scotland were acquainted with the
author, and more or less sympathetic with her belief; all are now
living, and willing to testify to what follows.</p>
<p>Suddenly Mrs. Hardinge became entranced, when the whole
scene, laying outstretched before her eyes, appeared to become filled
with long lines of glittering horse and foot soldiers, who, in martial
pomp and military discipline, filed, rank after rank and regiment
after regiment, through the streets of Montgomery, and then passed
off into distance, and were lost to view.</p>
<p><a class="pagenum" id="page7" title="7"> </a>Meantime the crash of military music seemed to thrill through
the clairvoyant’s ears, at first merely marking the tramp of the vast
bodies of infantry with a joyous rhythm, but anon, as it died off in
their receding march, wild, agonizing shrieks commingled with its
tones, and the thundering roll of the drums seemed to be muffled by
deep, low, but heart-rending groans, as of human sufferers in their
last mortal agony.</p>
<p>At length all was still again; the last gleam of the muskets flashed
in the sunlight and melted away in the dim horizon; the last echo of
the strangely mingled music and agony ceased, and then, over the
whole radiant landscape, there stole an advancing army of clouds,
like a march of tall gray columns, reaching from earth to the skies,
and filling the air with such a dense and hideous gloom that the
whole scene became swallowed up in the thick, serried folds of mist.
In the midst of these cloudy legions, the eye of the seeress could
discern innumerable forms who seemed to shiver and bend, as if in
the whirl of a hidden tempest, and flitted restlessly hither and
thither, aimless and hopeless, apparently driven by some invisible
power from nothing to nowhere.</p>
<p>And these mystic shadows, flitting about in the thick grayness,
were unbodied souls; not like visitants from the bright summer
land, nor yet beings resembling the dark, undeveloped “dwellers on
the threshold,” whom earthly crimes held bound near their former
homes, but they seemed as if they were misty emanations of unripe
human bodies, scarcely conscious of their state, yet living, actual
individualities, once resident in mortal tenements, but torn from
their sheltering envelope too soon, or too suddenly, to have acquired
the strength and consistency of a fresh existence. And yet the
numbers of these restless phantoms were legion, and their multitude
seemed to be ever increasing, when, lo! this weird phantasmagoria
too passed away, but not before the seeress had, with entranced lips,
described to the listeners every feature of the scene she had
witnessed.</p>
<p>Then the influence seemed to deepen upon her, and she pronounced
words which the young Scotchman, Mr. Waters, a phonographic
writer, transcribed upon the spot to the following
effect:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>“Woe, woe to thee, Alabama!</p>
<p>“Fair land of rest, thy peace shall depart, thy glory be shorn, and the proud
bigots, tyrants, and cowards, who have driven God’s angels back from thy cities,
even in this chamber, have sealed thy doom, and their own together.</p>
<p>“Woe to thee, Alabama! Ere five drear years have fled, thou shalt sit as a
widow, desolate.</p>
<p>“The staff from thy husband’s hand shall be broken, the crown plucked from his
head, the sceptre rent from his grasp.</p>
<p>“Thy sons shall be slain, thy legislators mocked and bound with the chains thou
hast fastened on others.</p>
<p>“The blind ones, who have proscribed the spirits of love and comfort from
ministry in thy homes, shall be spirits themselves, and ere those five years be
passed, more spirits than bodies shall wander in the streets of Alabama, homeless,
restless, and unripe, torn from their earthly tenements, and unfit for their heavenly
ones; until thy grass-grown streets and thy moss-covered dwellings shall be
the haunts of legions of unbodied souls, whom thy crimes shall have violently
thrust into eternity!”</p>
</blockquote>
<p><a class="pagenum" id="page8" title="8"> </a>When this involuntary prophecy of evil import was read by the
young scribe to the disenthralled medium, her own horror and regret
at its utterance far exceeded that of any of her aghast listeners, not
one of whom, any more than herself, attached to it any other meaning
than an impression produced by temporary excitement and the
sphere of the unholy legislative chamber.</p>
<p>How deeply significant this fearful prophecy became during the
ensuing five years, all who were witnesses to its utterance, and many
others, to whom it was communicated in that same year, can bear
witness of.</p>
<p>Swept into the red gulf of all-consuming war, many of the unhappy
gentlemen who had legislated against “the spirits in Alabama,”
became, during the ensuing five years, spirits themselves, and have
doubtless realized the inestimable privileges which the communion
they so rashly denounced on earth was calculated to afford to the
inhabitants of the spheres.</p>
<p>In other respects, the fatal prophecy has been too literally fulfilled.
Many a regiment of brave men have marched out of the city streets
of Alabama, only to return as unbodied souls, and to behold the
streets grass-grown and deserted, and the thresholds which their
mortal feet might never again cross, overspread with the moss of
corruption and decay.</p>
<p>Alabama has truly sat “as a widow, desolate.” Her strength has
been shorn, her beauty gone. No State has sent forth a greater
number of brave and devoted victims to the war than Alabama; no
Southern State has suffered more fearfully. May God and kind
angels lift the war curse from her widowed head!</p>
<p>The following extract from a letter, written by Mr. Adams, one of
the witnesses of the above scene, to the author, in 1864, from New
York, during a temporary sojourn there, will carry its own comment
on the fulfilment of the fatal prophecy:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>“Now that my two poor boys are in daily danger of themselves becoming ‘unbodied
spirits,’ Emma, I continually revert to that terrible prophecy of yours
uttered in the assembly chamber at Montgomery. Heaven knows I was then so
little prepared to expect war or any reasonable fulfilment of the doom, that I could
only look to see some great pestilence, fire, or other sweeping calamity falling on
poor Alabama. Last night, when I read in the <cite>Herald</cite> of the sweeping extermination
that had visited those two fine Alabama regiments, I could not help going to
Mrs. Adams’s desk, where she keeps the copy that young Waters made us of your
prophecy, and reading it aloud to the whole company.</p>
<p>“Our friend J. B., who was present, insisted upon seeing the date, and when he
saw that it was January, 1860, they were all fairly aghast, and said if ever there
was genuine prophecy it was contained in that paper.”</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<hr class="short" />
<div id="art2" class="article">
<h2 class="title">Clearing away the Fog.</h2>
<p><span class="first_word">An</span> esteemed correspondent writes, “For several years I have been
a reader of some of the treatises you have published in the interest
of progressive thought, and have found much to admire and
reread; yet an occasional paragraph containing the formula of
orthodox theology, with its dogma of God and Jesus, interwoven
<a class="pagenum" id="page9" title="9"> </a>into your sequences of argument, mystifies and perplexes my
reason and judgment, and I indulge in much speculation regarding
your exact position,—whether Christianity is to be vitalized
and conserved by the discoverer of modern science, or the Bible
dogmas and traditions reinterpreted to coincide with scientific
method.”</p>
<p>I am not aware of having ever written anything that could make
my position at all doubtful, nor do I see how doubts could arise in
any one who attends carefully to my language, and does not indulge
in drawing inferences therefrom which my language does not warrant.
Upon this very question I have expressed myself fully in published
lectures. I have never manifested any sympathy with the theology
of the churches, have never failed to speak of it in terms of
absolute denunciation, and see no reason why any one should suspect
me of leaning in that direction.</p>
<p>As to the recognition of God to which my correspondent objects, I
think science, as I understand it, sanctions the idea that the basic
power of the universe is spiritual and not material; that spirit may
evolve, create, and modify matter, but matter never originates spirit,
though they have a continual interaction, which it is the function
of scientists to investigate, in which investigation, anthropology, especially
in its department of sarcognomy, is a long step of progress.
My investigations have given me some additional evidence as to the
Divine existence beyond what has been recorded, but do not
sanction the personal anthropological conceptions of Deity, which
bring the Divine within the conceptions of narrow and superstitious
minds.</p>
<p>Having discarded the whole scheme of Christian theology, there is
no reason why I should reject the fundamental principles of religion,
which are at the basis of all religions, and which are sanctioned by
the study of man’s religious nature. The spirit of the Christian
religion as it appeared among the founders of Christianity appears to
me a more perfect expression of religion than I find in any other of the
world’s religions, more spiritual, devoted, loving, and heroic, more in
accordance with the true religion which belongs to man’s noblest
faculties.</p>
<p>As for Jesus, I think the general opinion of historians and scholars
as to his historic existence is correct, but whether the historic
accounts are reliable or not I am entirely certain of his existence
to-day as one of the most exalted beings in the spirit world,—the
spirit of the Teacher who appeared in Palestine, whose principles and
purposes are the same advocated by myself, and who like all the
other exalted and ancient spirits is profoundly interested in human
welfare and in the progress of spiritual science, and reformation of
the <em>so-called</em> Christian Church. I have had sufficient psychometric
perception at times to realize the <em>present</em> character of such
beings as Jesus, Moses, St. John, John the Baptist, St. Peter,
Confucius, Joan of Arc, and Gen. Washington, as well as many other
admirable beings whose influence falls like dews upon many sympathetic
souls.</p>
<p><a class="pagenum" id="page10" title="10"> </a>I realize most profoundly and sadly the absence from all the high
places of society of those nobler qualities which I recognize in the
higher world, but I labor in the hope that when mankind have advanced
into the light of anthropological science they shall become
enlightened enough to sympathize with the supernal life in reverent
love, and to organize a social condition here which will bring even
the lowest classes into so satisfactory a condition that philosophizers
will no longer have to wrestle with the problem of evil and explain
the great mystery that a universe so full of the marks of a grandly
benevolent purpose should still be marred and dishonored by human
misery and degradation. It would be an unsolvable problem to-day
did we not perceive through spiritual science the immense preponderance
of good in the glorious plan of life of which this world shows
only the beginning.</p>
<p>As an anthropologist, I cannot but esteem and cherish the religious
element of human nature. Sincere worship is simply the most
exalted love, and fills human life with nobility and benevolence;
let those who can, worship the divine; let those who shrink from
the thought of the Infinite, worship the most exalted beings they
may conceive, and let those who cannot quite reach the exalted
beings of the spirit world, worship their parents or children, or conjugal
companions,—for worship is but unlimited love,—and they
who recoil from humanity may perhaps find something to adore in
the beauty and grandeur of nature on this globe, which every summer
arrays in beauty, and in the grandeur of stellar worlds. From love
and adoration come obedience,—which is the perfect life, for it is not
slavery, but harmony and delight.</p>
<p>Profound science does not take away religion, as superficial or
false science does, but develops a far nobler, holier, and more beneficent
religion than any churches comprehend. It corresponds to that
ideal religion which belongs to the higher realms of the spirit world,
and which has sometimes appeared on earth in inspired mortals, and
most often in women whose souls were devoted to love. That
this religious sentiment appeared in the time of Jesus among inspired
men, I believe, and their lives and sentiments have been to me an
inspiration, enabling me to believe in the <em>practicability</em> of that which
philosophy teaches concerning the religious life, which without those
illustrious examples might have seemed an unattainable excellence
in the present conditions of society.</p>
<p>I do not object to any worship of Jesus and his illustrious associate
reformers, for true worship will lead to the imitation of their heroic
lives. They were not divine, and were too heroically faithful to
truth to put forth any such false claims, nor could they in that dark
age be profound in science, or correct in all their opinions, as they
are now in a higher world. As they were on earth I honor them;
as they are in heaven to-day I honor them far more. They silently
invite us to reach that higher plane of life on which their beneficent
influence and inspiration may be felt. Fortunate are they
reach that plane.</p>
</div>
<hr class="short" />
<div id="art3" class="article">
<h2 class="title"><a class="pagenum" id="page11" title="11"> </a>The Danger of Living Among Christians.</h2>
<p class="subtitle">A QUESTION OF PEACE OR WAR.</p>
<p><span class="first_word">It</span> is seldom that any of the great questions of the time are treated
from an ethical standpoint. Old opinions and old usages furnish the
standpoint for our press writers, our politicians, and our clergy.
The question of national defence has been under discussion for
years, and Samuel J. Tilden, who was regarded by millions as the
ablest of our statesmen, gave his whole mental power to urging its
consideration upon the American people; but if this question has
ever been seriously discussed from the ethical standpoint it has
escaped my notice. The nearest approach to the ethical view was
the suggestion of the <cite>Boston Herald</cite> that in putting on the full
armor of national defence the effect might be to stimulate the
haughty and warlike impulses of our people, and thus increase the
danger of war, while a defenceless seacoast would tend to inspire
prudence and moderation in our national government.</p>
<p>There is a great deal of truth in this view. We have a score of
prominent politicians whose sentiments on international questions
are too much like those of a bully in private life, and they have
a dangerous amount of influence in public affairs.</p>
<p>Turning aside from these popular discussions, the <cite class="name">Journal of
Man</cite> maintains the ethical standpoint for the consideration of such
subjects; and its first suggestion would be, Why should the people—of
this country spend $120,000,000 as a preparation for slaughtering
our brethren the Christian population of Europe, the only people
from whom any danger can be apprehended—our brethren in civilization
and Christianity, our brethren too by the ties of blood?</p>
<p>Do they not all maintain the Christian religion (at least nominally)
by all the power of their governments and public opinion?
Would not our good people in visiting them or they in visiting us
be invited to participate in the communion service which commemorates
the martyred Teacher of the law of love? Are they not our
brethren, the neighbors to whom the command applies, “Love thy
neighbor as thyself”? Is this our Christian love, to spend a hundred
and twenty millions for the assassination of our beloved brethren—avowedly
for that purpose? It is needless to object to the word
<em>assassination</em>,—wholesale murder by armies is substantially the same
thing as separate murders by each individual of the army.</p>
<p>But, it is urged, we are in danger of invasion, and the bombardment
of our cities. Does any one seriously believe that a powerful
nation intent on peace—the strongest power in the world, the
friend of all mankind, ready to submit any international question to
arbitration—would be in danger of an unjust, lawless, causeless
assault from the Christian nations of Europe, who have so much to
lose and nothing to gain by war, and who have already, in their
groaning, tax-burdened people, a sufficient reminder of the folly and
criminality of war? They have not money for another war, which
<a class="pagenum" id="page12" title="12"> </a>would bring on the dangers of bankruptcy and the revolt of the
oppressed masses.</p>
<p>It must be that this is seriously apprehended, or else that it is
feared that the arrogant and bullying temper of our own people or
our politicians may originate and exasperate international irritation
to the insane extreme of war.</p>
<p>What a horrible theory is this! Is all the civilization, statesmanship,
and Christianity of the leading nations of the earth incapable
of withholding them from such gigantic crimes? Is Christendom
the only dangerous portion of the world, where an honorable and
peaceful nation cannot exist in safety?</p>
<p>The heathen nations are not a source of danger. If Christendom
were annihilated to-morrow, there would be no occasion to
speak of defending our coasts or building up a powerful navy. It is
apparent, then—it is confessed—that it is very dangerous to live
among these Christian nations, or in other words, it is very <em>dangerous
to live among Christians</em>, as they are called! But do our statesmen
or our clergy suggest this view? Do they recoil from war or inspire
the people with thoughts of peace? Never! One of the
conspicuous clergymen of England was the fiercest advocate of war
with Russia. The fundamental principle of the Christianity of
Jesus is dead in the so-called Christian church, except in that little
fragment, the church of the Quakers, who, for their fidelity to the
fundamental principle, were scourged and <em>hanged</em> in Boston by the
<em>pious</em> predecessors of our present churches, until they were forbidden
by the unsanctified monarch, Charles II. Has the old spirit died out?
Look at the hostility to Theodore Parker—to spiritual investigation,
even. See the scornful and hostile attitude of the descendant
of Cotton Mather, Col. Higginson.</p>
<p>It may be a shocking proposition to say that it is dangerous to
live among Christians, but it is a sober reality, to which I invite
the attention of clergymen and moralists who wish to live up to
their profession, and who have enough of the ethical faculty to
realize the central principle of true Christianity.</p>
<p>If our statesmanship, religion, and education cannot protect us
against such horrors, may we not justly say it is a false statesmanship,
a false religion, and a false education? Indeed, our whole
fabric of opinion and morals is fundamentally false, and the <cite class="name">Journal
of Man</cite> goes to record as an indictment at the bar of heaven
against the polished barbarism of modern society, against which we
hear only a feeble and almost inaudible protest.</p>
<p>Boston has a highly respectable and <em>immensely perfunctory</em> Peace
Society, amply endowed with names and numbers, of which our late
postmaster was the president, and whose presidency was vastly
more inefficient than his postmastership.</p>
<p>A peace society might possibly be established in Boston, if its
best people could be roused, but the society that we have is little
better than a piece of ornamental nomenclature. When there is
anything to be done it understands how not to do it. When Mr.
Gladstone had performed the most glorious act of his life in the
<a class="pagenum" id="page13" title="13"> </a>preservation of the peace of Europe against the fierce opposition
of the turbulent element in England, an act which will make the
brightest jewel in his crown of honor, there was an opportunity of
sustaining him by American sympathy. The voice of Americans, if
they cared aught for peace, should have been heard in Europe in
commanding tones,—the voice of the people, the voice of Legislatures,
the voice of the Federal government. An effort was made
by half a dozen or less of enlightened gentlemen in Boston to have
a fitting response emanate from this city. Dr. Miner and Hon.
Stephen M. Allen realized its importance when I first suggested it,
but on that occasion the Peace Society was a lifeless corpse. The
society might have been waked up if Mr. Lowell, then returning
from England, could have been induced to co-operate. He was
approached on the subject, but would not respond,—he only said
that he <em>desired rest</em>! Alas for the hollowness of American religion
and philanthropy!</p>
<p>There is a nobler religion than that of American churches, a nobler
statesmanship than that of Mr. Tilden (which is a good specimen
of the popular sort), a nobler education than that of our American
schools and colleges—an education, a statesmanship, and a religion
which will wash the blood from the sword, bury the sword in the earth,
and proclaim the fraternity of man in all the nations of the earth.</p>
<p>Ah! when shall the demand for the supremacy of the moral law
be anything more than “the voice of one crying in the wilderness”?
Is it not possible to have a protest against the barbarism of war from
men of influence, who have sufficient mental power and strength of
character to command the attention of the nation? When Elihu
Burritt and Robert Dale Owen were alive I thought it might be possible,
but it was not attempted. Is it possible now? Is all the
genius and energy of the American people bound in fidelity to the
Moloch of war? I do not believe it, and would invite correspondence
from those who share this belief and wish to co-operate in such
a movement.</p>
<p>We have to-day a practical subject of discussion: Shall we, the
people of the United States, tax ourselves $120,000,000 at once and
an unknown amount hereafter, to place ourselves upon a par with
the homicidal nations of Europe, and sanction by our example the
infernalism in which they have lived from Cæsar to the Napoleonic
period, or shall we endeavor to introduce a true civilization, lay
aside the weapons of homicide, and urge by our powerful mediation
the disarmament of Europe, relieving the oppressed millions from
accumulating war debts, and from that infernalism of the soul which
makes the duel still an established institution in France and even
in German universities? Shall we move onward toward humane
civilization, or cling to a surviving barbarism?</p>
<p>The measure now proposed is an abandonment of Divine law, and
a practical pledge of this country to the infernalism of war. It is
a declaration that we do not believe peace attainable at all, and that
we indorse and seek to renew forever the blood-stained history of
the past.</p>
<p><a class="pagenum" id="page14" title="14"> </a>Is there not among our politicians who sustained the Blair Education
bill some one whose voice may be heard in behalf of peace? Is
Col. Ingersoll too much of a pessimist to believe that American moral
power will be sufficient in time to calm the world’s agitation? Let him
espouse this cause, and he will find it more practical by far than
riding down the ghosts of an effete theology. Let Henry George
turn his attention to this question, and he will find in it even more
than in the question of sovereignty over the land; for every acre on
the globe, if confiscated to-day, would pay but a portion of the
boundless cost of war. The blood alone that has incarnadined
all lands is worth vastly more than the dead soil into which it has
been poured. Let Dr. McGlynn, who has already entered on the
perilous path of the reformer, look at this question in the light of
religion and philanthropy, and he will find it more worthy of his attention
than any other practicable reform, for it is practicable now
and here to roll back the warlike policy from its approach to our
national government.</p>
<p>Are not such questions as these worthy of the profound attention
of such men as Rev. Dr. Miner, Rev. M. J. Savage, Rev. J. K.
Applebee, and Rev. W. H. Thomas of Chicago? They are not
theological dilettanti, but earnest thinkers. Should not every Universalist
and every Quaker realize that it is time for them to stir
when our nation’s destiny is under discussion, and that their voices
should be heard at Washington?</p>
<p>The proposition is made and sustained by the influence of Mr.
Tilden, to place this country in the list of mail-clad warrior nations,
and it is rather a fascinating proposition to those who entertain
pessimistic ideas of man, and believe that all nations are ready to
slay and rob when they have a good opportunity.</p>
<p>Capt. F. V. Greene, late of the U. S. engineering corps, appears as
the advocate of American fortifications, and at the Massachusetts
Reform Club he presented his views substantially as follows: The
United States have 3,000 miles of Atlantic and Gulf coast, 2,200 on the
lakes, and 1,200 on the Pacific, and have cities on these coasts
aggregating a wealth of $6,000,000,000—all exposed to a hostile
fleet, which could in a short time destroy everything within cannon-shot
from the water, and drive five millions of people from their
city homes. The fortification board estimates $120,000,000 as the
sum necessary to supply cannon and forts for protection, which is
but two per cent upon the amount of property protected.</p>
<p>This is a very satisfactory statement of the case from the average
standpoint, which is not the ethical. But in the first place I consider
it morally sure that this country will never have a foreign war
if it models its national policy on the Divine law; and secondly,
whenever war is foreseen as probable in consequence of an intolerable
spirit of aggression and the refusal of the hostile party to submit
to arbitration, a sufficient number of cannon can be cast and
placed on floating batteries or behind iron walls to protect every
endangered point. It would be necessary only to know that our
foundries were adequate to the task; and the fact that such an
<a class="pagenum" id="page15" title="15"> </a>armament was preparing would be a sufficient warning to avert a
hostile movement. Yet the costly steel cannon, which require such
enormous appropriations to prepare for their manufacture on a large
scale, are not absolutely necessary. It has been shown by recent
experiments that dynamite shells of 150 pounds can be thrown two
miles and a quarter by air pressure or steam pressure from light,
slender-built cannon, or steel tubes of unusual length, which may be
enlarged to compete with the most formidable artillery. A single
steel-clad vessel of the Monitor type with such an armament could
destroy a squadron.</p>
<p>But let arbitration be known as our fixed national policy—let us
secure also the co-operation of other nations pledged to the arbitration
policy, and war would be almost an impossibility.</p>
<p>Capt. Greene’s exposition of the necessity of coast defence was
clear and forcible, but his concluding remarks gave a glimpse of
peaceful purposes. “He supplemented his speech by remarking that
the United States will probably be called on before long to be the
arbitrator between the nations of Europe. The latter cannot stand
the financial strain much longer, and inside of twenty years we shall
probably be the equal in population and wealth of any two, if not
three, nations of Europe, and to us will be referred all their disputes
for settlement. When we become the referees of the world we
must have the force behind us, so that when we give a decision we
shall be able to enforce it; and this can only be adequately effected
by a perfect system of coast defences.”</p>
<p>Commander Burke of the U.S. Navy, who followed Capt. Greene
“thought that if the Irish question be settled satisfactorily, there will
be no danger of a war with England unless we desire war. He had
been advised that the English people, Great Britain and her colonies,
look to the Americans to assist them in case of war with any foreign
powers, and there is a strong sentiment of friendship for the American
people for that reason, if for no other. He believed that the use of
high explosives, by which war could be rendered more dangerous,
would result in reducing the probability of war.”</p>
<p>Certainly if the United States would lead in a pacific policy, Great
Britain, under Gladstone, would unite in the movement, and
arbitration would ere long become the policy of the world, and
would not long be the established policy before disarmament would
follow and the sword be buried forever.</p>
</div>
<hr class="short" />
<div id="art4" class="article">
<h2 class="title">Legislative Quackery, Ignorance, and Blindness to the Future.</h2>
<p><span class="first_word">In</span> Iowa, by the management of a medical clique, a law has been
juggled through the Legislature, under which the founders of Christianity
would have been criminals, and prolonged imprisonment
might have been as effective as crucifixion. That any class of men
could have been mean enough and shameless enough to ask for such
a law is a sad commentary on the demoralizing influence of medical
<a class="pagenum" id="page16" title="16"> </a>schools, from which they derived their inspiration; and that any
legislative body could have yielded to the demand is another illustration
of the well known corruption of political life.</p>
<p>The Iowa papers state that Mrs. Post, of McGregor, Iowa, has been
twice arrested, convicted, and fined fifty dollars and costs for praying
with the sick and curing them. European tyranny is eclipsed
in Iowa. The old world is freer than the new, if the medical clique
are allowed to rule. G. Milner Stephen performs his miraculous
cures in London with honor, and Dorothea Trudell had her house of
cure by prayer in Switzerland, which has been made famous in
religious literature. All over Europe the people enjoy a freedom in
the choice of their physicians which has been prohibited in Iowa.</p>
<p>The Legislature of Maine which adjourned March 17 was induced,
by the newspaper comments on two bogus institutions which had
been chartered some years ago, to depart from their settled policy
and pass a law prepared by the medical clique, but not quite as stringent
as that of Iowa. Gov. Bodwell, however, vetoed the bill,
pointing out its objectionable features, and the Senate, which had
passed it unanimously, after being enlightened by the governor
rejected it by a nearly two thirds majority, showing how thoughtlessly
a great deal of our legislation is effected.</p>
<p>Under the laws which the colleges and their clique seek to establish,
Priessnitz could never have introduced hydropathy, Pasteur
could not have inoculated for hydrophobia without danger of
imprisonment, and the great American Medical Reformation, which
abolished the lancet and mercurial practice, and which is now
represented by seven colleges, would have been strangled at its birth,
for its primitive origin was outside of college authority. There are
other great ideas, great discoveries, great reforms, not yet strong
enough to be embodied in colleges, which medical legislation is
designed to suppress, to enforce a creedal uniformity.</p>
<p>Another piece of legislative quackery is revealed in the action of
Congress as stated in the following paragraph concerning “a new
bureau.”</p>
<p>“One of the acts of the retiring Congress has not been noted so
far, but, though not a large item in itself, it is the entering wedge of
subsequent legislation which will be of the highest importance to the
country. It is the item in the legislative appropriation bill which
allows of the expenditure of $10,000 by the bureau of labor “for the
collection of statistics of and relating to marriage and divorce in the
several states and territories, and in the District of Columbia.”
This gives the opportunity, which has heretofore not existed, to
obtain reasonably accurate statistics of what is going on as concerns
the integrity of the family throughout the whole country. This will
be a department under Col. Wright, in the work of the bureau of
labor, and is one of the results of persistent work which the National
Divorce League has done, under the direction of its secretary, Rev.
S. W. Dike. Col. Wright has already formulated plans which are
likely to make this new branch of the labor bureau the channel for
one of the most valuable reports which have yet come from his hands.
<a class="pagenum" id="page17" title="17"> </a>It will be the gathering of facts whose study will suggest wise legislation
in the future.”</p>
<p>It may not be absolutely unconstitutional for Congress to collect
such statistics, but it is contrary to the spirit of the constitution.
Congress has nothing whatever to do with such social questions,
which are exclusively matters of state legislation. It has allowed
itself to be made a cat’s paw by the National Divorce League for its
retrogressive policy. The welfare of society is deeply concerned in
breaking up all unhappy, discordant marriages, which are simply
nurseries of misery and crime. Every generous sentiment should
prompt us to go to the relief of the large number of women who
suffer in secret from tyranny and brutality, while from poverty,
timidity, helplessness, and a dread of publicity or censure, they
endure their wrongs in silence, and continue to bear children cursed
from their conception with intemperance and brutality. And when
they seek to escape, a barbarian law comes in to give the brutal
husband the ownership of their offspring; and thus they are bound
fast as galley slaves in their unhappy position.</p>
<p>The Legislature of Massachusetts had the opportunity of redressing
this wrong at their present session; but, like other masculine
legislatures in the past, they were deaf to the voice of mercy, and
the press quietly reports (March 18) that “Inexpedient was reported
by the House judiciary committee on equalizing the respective
rights of husband and wife in relation to their minor children,
and on equalizing their interest in each other’s property.”</p>
<p>The ladies who are so active in behalf of woman suffrage might
have taken more interest in this vital question, which was so easily
disposed of. A great wrong remains unredressed.</p>
<p>The barbarous policy of the church of Rome, which has been
finally abolished even in Catholic France, where divorce is now
permitted, our clerical bigots would revive in this country, as if it
were the business of the state to encourage or compel the propagation
of the worthless and criminal classes!</p>
<p>It is not the interest of the state to encourage human multiplication
at all, for it is already too powerful and progressive. It is the
public interest to check all propagation but that of good citizens,
and to protect all women from enforced maternity, whether enforced
under legal powers or by the arts of seduction and libertinism.</p>
<p>Prostitution, in the light of political economy, is far less of an
evil than the enforced maternity of wretched and discordant families,
which becomes the fountain of an endless flow of crime, while prostitution
shows its evils only in the parties immediately concerned, and
effectually purifies society in time by arresting the propagation of its
most worthless members. In the same manner it may be said that
some epidemics are an advantage to society, by cutting off the feeble
and worthless constitutions so as to leave a better race. Any one
who recollects the history of the Jukes family, and the number of
criminals infesting society who were descendants of one depraved
pair, will not believe that such a propagation of crime should be
permitted. The worthless class should not be allowed to marry,
<a class="pagenum" id="page18" title="18"> </a>and the criminals whom the state finds it necessary to confine in
the penitentiary should be permanently deprived of the power of
parentage.</p>
<p>Few ever reflect upon the necessary consequences of the growth
of population. The great wars, famines, and pestilences as in the past
will not be able to keep down population, and where it has free
course under favorable circumstances it doubles in twenty-five or
thirty years. In two centuries more we shall begin to feel a terrible
pressure, and that pressure will be aggravated by the exhaustion of
coal mines, of petroleum, of gas, and of forests. In Great Britain
alone 120,000,000 tons of coal are annually mined.</p>
<p>It may be safely assumed that one thousand to the square mile is
about the limit of population of the world, a limit at which population
must be arrested. Massachusetts is already within less than a
century of its utmost possible limit. It has at this time about 250
to the square mile, and at the American rate of growth it would
reach its utmost limit by the year 1950, and begin to realize the
crush and crisis of a crowded population, which must either cease to
grow or encounter the horrors of famine and social convulsions
arising from the struggle for life, or the calamities arising from unfortunate
seasons which in China and India have in our own time
hurried millions into their graves.</p>
<p>If Massachusetts is within sixty years of this collision with destiny,
other countries are still nearer the dead line of the coming century.
Italy is parallel with Massachusetts and Rhode Island, but Great
Britain and Ireland are considerably further advanced. British
India and the Netherlands are still further advanced, and half a
century, if they had the American ratio of growth, would bring them
to their limit, while Belgium’s progress would be arrested in thirty
years.</p>
<p>A wise statesmanship would not seek to hurry mankind on to this
great crisis, the results of which have never been foreseen or provided
for, but would realize that the greater the amount of inferior and
demoralized population the more terrible must that crisis be when it
comes—a crisis which can be safely borne only by elevating the
entire population to a higher condition than any nation has ever
heretofore attained.</p>
<p>Calculate as we may, the crisis must come, as certainly as death
comes to each individual; and whether our social system can bear
the strain of such conditions is beyond human ken. Look even two
centuries ahead, and what do we see? At that time the prolific
energy of the people of this republic, if continued as it has been in
the past, will give us more than twice the estimated population of
the entire globe at present—more than three thousand millions.</p>
<p>It is possible that our vast territory (including Alaska) of three
million, six hundred thousand square miles may, with the greatly
improved agriculture of the future, maintain such a population,
especially if relieved by overflow to the north and south.</p>
<p>If the evil elements at work to-day predominate in our population,
which retrogressive legislation would promote, it will be a time of
<a class="pagenum" id="page19" title="19"> </a>calamity and social convulsions; but if the benevolent and enlightening
influences now at work predominate (as we may hope), two
centuries hence will bring us to a consummation of prosperity, enlightenment,
and happiness, of which the pessimistic and sceptical
thinkers of to-day have no conception. A thorough comprehension
of the science of man will lead us in the path of enlightened
progress.</p>
</div>
<hr class="short" />
<div id="art5" class="article">
<h2 class="title">Evils that need Attention.</h2>
<p><span class="first_word">The</span> public mind has been greatly stirred upon the subject of
monopolies and legislative abuses; but there are some glaring evils,
which a short statute might suppress, that are flourishing unchecked.</p>
<p>Speculative dealers in the necessaries of life have learned how to
build colossal fortunes by extortion from the entire nation, and the
nation submits quietly because gambling competition is the fashion.
The late Charles Partridge endeavored to show up these evils and
have them suppressed. We need another Partridge to complete the
work he undertook.</p>
<p>A despatch to the <cite>Boston Herald</cite>, March 5, shows how the game
has been played in Chicago on the pork market:</p>
<p>“‘Phil Armour must have been getting ready for this break for
three months,’ said a member of the board of trade to-day. ‘Since
September last he has visited nearly every large city in the country.
He knows from observation where all the pork is located, and,
having cornered it, his southern trip was a scheme to throw his
enemies off the scent, and enable his brokers to quietly strengthen
the corner. His profits and Plankinton’s cannot be less than
$3,000,000.’</p>
<p>“But if Armour and his old Milwaukee side partner have made
money, so have hundreds of others here. A messenger boy in the
board of trade drew $100 from a savings bank on Monday last at
11 o’clock and margined 100 barrels of pork. To-day the lad
deposited $1,000, and has $300 for speculation next week.</p>
<p>“Those poor snorts who are expecting to have pork to-day to make
their settlement, paid $21. Anything less was scouted. ‘You will
have to pay $25 next Saturday night,’ was all the comfort afforded.</p>
<p>“An advance of 2 cents a bushel in wheat was also scored by the
bulls to-day. The explanation is that the several big wheat syndicates
encouraged by the action of pork have made an alliance. The
talk at the hotels to-night is that Armour has started in to buy
wheat.”</p>
<p>We have laws that forbid boycotting, and they are enforced in
New York and New Haven by two recent decisions. Financial
extortion is an equal crime, and needs a law for its suppression. Why
is the metropolitan press silent? Have the syndicates too much
influence? Will editors who read these lines speak out?</p>
<p>In the last <cite>North American Review</cite>, James F. Hudson, in an
essay on “Modern Feudalism,” says:—</p>
<p><a class="pagenum" id="page20" title="20"> </a>“The conquest of all departments of industry by the power of
combination has just begun. But the mere beginning has imposed
unwarrantable taxes on the fuel, light, and food of the masses. It
has built up vast fortunes for the combining classes, drawn from the
slender means of millions. It has added an immense stimulant to
the process, already too active, of making the rich richer and the
poor poorer. The tendency in this direction is shown by the arguments
with which the press has teemed for the past two months,
that the process of combination is a necessary feature of industrial
growth, and that the competition which fixes the profits of every
ordinary trader, investor or mechanic, must be abolished for the
benefit of great corporations, while kept in full force against the
masses of producers and consumers, between whom the barriers of
these combinations are interposed.”</p>
</div>
<hr class="short" />
<div id="art6" class="article">
<h2 class="title">What is Intellectual Greatness?</h2>
<p><span class="first_word">A</span> large amount of that which the world calls greatness is nothing
more than vigorous and brilliant commonplace. Taine, who is the
most splendid writer upon Bonaparte, ascribes to him intellectual
greatness, but it was greatness on a common plane—the plane of
animal life. He had a grand comprehension of physical and social
forces, of everything upon the selfish plane, for he was absolutely
selfish, but of nothing that belongs to the higher life of man, to
the civilization of coming centuries. To him Fulton was a visionary
and so was Gall. It was not in his intellectual range to see the
steamships that change the world’s commerce, and the cerebral discoveries
that are destined to revolutionize all philosophy.</p>
<p>The pulpit orator, Beecher, who has just passed away, was estimated
by many as intellectually great; but Mr. Beecher never took
the position of independence that any great thinker must have
occupied. He never moved beyond the sphere of popularity. He
never led men but where they were already disposed to go. Upon
the great question of the return of the spirit, one of the most important
and fundamental of all religious questions, Mr. Beecher was
silent. That silence was infidelity to truth, for Mr. Beecher was
not ignorant of the truth he concealed. Nor was he faithful to any
true ideal of religion. With his princely salary he accomplished less
than other men, living upon a salary he would have scorned. He lived
for self—he spent thousands of dollars on finger rings, and a
hundred thousand on a fancy farm, but little if anything to make
the world better.</p>
<p>The <cite>Boston Herald</cite> estimates very fairly his intellectual status,
saying: “He spoke easily. His stories were well told, his points
well put. He invested people with a new atmosphere, but he did
not set them to thinking, and can hardly be called a thinker himself.
Much as he has done to forward the vital interests of humanity,
he has contributed nothing to the vital thinking of his generation.
The secret of his power is the wonderful combination of animalism,
<a class="pagenum" id="page21" title="21"> </a>with a certain bright way of stating the thoughts which are more or
less in the minds of all men. Few preachers have lived with their
eyes and ears more open to the world, and few have better understood
the art of putting things. Mr. Beecher knew supremely well
two persons—himself and the man next to him. In interesting
the man next to him he interested the multitude. He had in a
great degree the same qualities which made Norman McLeod the
foremost preacher of his day in the Scotch pulpit. Such a man lives
too much on the surface to exhaust himself. He has only to keep
within the sphere of commonplace to interest people as long as
he lives…. Mr. Beecher lived on the surface of things. He
never got far below the surface. If he ever was profound it was
only for a moment at a time…. His work was to illustrate the
ideas which were operative in the world at the time, not to originate
or formulate them.”</p>
<p>This is a just estimate. Brilliant commonplace is not greatness,
but the man who is thoroughly commonplace in his conceptions,
who expresses well and forcibly what his hearers think, is the one
to win applause and popularity. Had Beecher been a great thinker,
a church of moderate size would have held his followers. But he was
not and thinkers knew it. The Rev. George L. Perin, of the Shawmut
Universalist Church, Boston, said of Beecher, “As we have tried to
analyze the influence of his address we have said to ourselves, ‘There
was nothing new in that, for I have thought the same thing a thousand
times myself;’ and yet at the same time everything <em>seemed</em> new,
and we have gone away thinking better of ourselves because he
taught us to see what we were able to think but had not been able
to express. He had the remarkable faculty of dressing up the
things that everybody was thinking, and making us see that they
were worth thinking. And there was something contagious about
his wonderful faith in human nature. He believed in the divinity
of man and made others believe in it.” In other words, he added
much to the sentiment of his hearer, but little to his thought. This
was greatness of character and personal power, but not intellectual
greatness. Beecher was a great man, but not a great thinker. The
great thinker overwhelms his hearers with new and strange thought.
The multitude, fixed in habit, reject it all. Clear and dispassionate
thinkers feel that they cannot reject it, but it is too new even to
them to elicit their enthusiasm. They sympathize with him only so
far as they had previously cherished similar thoughts.</p>
<p>Hence we see it is ordained that the teacher of great truths must
struggle against great opposition; and in proportion to his resistance
by his contemporaries is the grandeur of his reception by posterity;
in proportion to the power arrayed against him is the remoteness of
the century in which that power shall be extinct and his triumph
complete.</p>
</div>
<hr class="short" />
<div id="art7" class="article">
<h2 class="title"><a class="pagenum" id="page22" title="22"> </a>Spiritual Wonders.</h2>
<div class="subsection" id="wonder1">
<p><strong class="headline">Slater’s Wonderful Spiritual Tests</strong> (described by a Brooklyn
newspaper correspondent).—“I have something to say to that
gentlemen with the black hair and high forehead,” he continued,
turning to another part of the house; “you have a business engagement
to-morrow morning at 10 o’clock with two men. I see you go
up a flight of steps into a room where there are two desks. In the
second drawer of one of these are the papers of the transaction
which you had in your hand to-day. You are going to invest
$4,000. Is that all so?”</p>
<p>“Perfectly,” said the man, in amazement.</p>
<p>“Well, now, these two men are sharpers, and if you want to save
that $4,000 keep out of that bargain. Legal advice is good, but
mine is better.”</p>
<p>“I believe it,” said the man, emphatically. His name was C. G.
Bulmer, and he lives at 229 Macon Street, Brooklyn. Your correspondent
has since verified the accuracy of the test.</p>
<p>“And don’t you suffer with your limbs?” he inquired of a lady
just in front of him.</p>
<p>“Well, not now; I used to; I feel it now.”</p>
<p>“Well, I am going to show you that I know all about your limbs.
The pain is here,” he continued, touching the calf of his leg. “You
have a peculiar feeling of drowsiness and then sharp pains run
through you, right there. Is it true?”</p>
<p>“Yes, sir.”</p>
<p>“I’ll tell you something else. You missed what your sister called
a big chance when you were seventeen years old, and she said you
were a great fool to let it go by. Is that so?”</p>
<p>“It is,” said the lady reddening.</p>
<p>“There’s a man in the hall,” he continued, pacing restlessly up and
down with clasped hands. “He has been sitting here and saying to him
self, ‘Well, this is all mind-reading. Now, if he will tell me something
that is going to happen I may believe something in Spiritualism.’
He has been rather scoffing me. Now, I want to know if this is
true. I am talking to you,” pointing his long, thin finger at a gray-haired
man who sat on his left. “All correct?” The man bowed
his head. “Well, I tell you, that one Christmas day,” he continued,
so solemnly that a hush fell on the audience—“I don’t think the
spirits ought to tell these things, but I am forced to say that one
Christmas day a member of your family will die.” A startled look
passed over his face, and a shiver ran through the audience at the
uncanny message. The man’s name could not be learned, but on
the succeeding Sunday your correspondent heard two women get up
in the audience and admit that the young Spiritualist was correct.</p>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="wonder2">
<p><strong class="headline">Spirit Pictures.</strong>—Henry Rogers, a slate writing and prescribing
medium of established reputation, recently located at 683 Tremont Street,
Boston, has wonderful powers in the production of spirit pictures of the
departed. His most recent success is certainly a fine work of art, resembling
<a class="pagenum" id="page23" title="23"> </a>a crayon portrait of a young lady. His previous pictures are entitled
to a high rank as works of art. They are purely spirit productions, no
human hand being concerned. San Francisco has similar productions
under the mediumship of Fred Evans, but the pictures have not the
artistic merit of those produced by Rogers, whose beautiful pictures, however,
require many sittings for their production; while those of Duguid of
Glasgow, and Mrs. De Bar of New York, are produced in a few minutes and
are also highly artistic. One of the very finest works of art at San
Francisco is the portrait of Mrs. Watson, made by a medium, Mr. Briggs.</p>
<p>Our highest productions in art, music, poetry, philosophy, and medicine,
are destined yet to come from the co-operation of the spirit world. We
have no music at present superior to that of the medium Jesse Shepard.</p>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="wonder3">
<p><strong class="headline">Spirit Telegraphy.</strong>—In 1885 we were informed of the success of
spirits at Cleveland, Ohio, in communicating messages by the telegraphic
method in rapping, in which our millionaire friend, Mr. J. H. Wade, has
taken much interest. A little apparatus has been constructed, with which
the spirits give their communications in great variety. I have repeatedly
stated that the diagnoses and prescriptions of deceased physicians have
always proved in my experience more reliable than those of the living.
This has been verified at Cleveland. The late Dr. Wells of Brooklyn has
been giving diagnoses and prescriptions through the telegraph. One of
these published in the <cite>Plain Dealer</cite> exhibits the most profound and accurate
medical knowledge. The full account of these telegraphic developments
in the Cleveland <cite>Plain Dealer</cite> I expected to republish, but my space
was already occupied. It may be found in the <cite>Banner of Light</cite> of April
9. But we shall have other reports hereafter.</p>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="wonder4">
<p><strong class="headline">Spiritual Music.</strong>—Maud Cook, a little blind girl nine years of age,
at Manchester, Tenn., is an inspired musical wonder,—a performer and
composer. She is said to equal Blind Tom, and the local newspapers speak
of her in the most enthusiastic terms. She needs a judicious and wealthy
friend to bring her before the public in the best manner.</p>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="wonder5">
<p><strong class="headline">Slate Writing.</strong>—Dr. D. J. Stansbury, of San Francisco, is very
successful in obtaining spiritual writing in public as well as in private. The
<cite>Golden Gate</cite> says:—</p>
<p>“There came upon the slates at Dr. Stansbury’s public seance, last
Sunday evening, the following message from Judge Wm. R. Thompson,
father of H. M. Thompson, of this city: ‘The essential principles of
primitive Christianity and the precepts of Modern Spiritualism are essentially
one and the same, which, if practised, would lead to the highest
standard of morality and be the means of grace by which all might be
saved.’”</p>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="wonder6">
<p><strong class="headline">The Fire Test.</strong>—At the great spiritual convention held at Cincinnati
for several days at the end of March, (the spiritual anniversary) the report
states,—</p>
<p>“Mrs. Isa Wilson Porter, under control of an Oriental spirit, held her
bared hands and arms in the flames of a large coal oil lamp. She also
heated lamp chimneys and handled them as readily as she would in their
normal condition, and made several gentlemen cringe and some ladies
screech by slightly touching them with the hot glass. The test was made
under supervision of a committee of doctors and well known physicians,
who reported at the conclusion that previous to its commencement they
examined the lady’s hands and arms, and that they were in their natural
<a class="pagenum" id="page24" title="24"> </a>condition, and that her pulse beat was seventy. While the test was in
progress the pulse indicated forty. After its conclusion the pulse beat was
sixty-five; the arms and hands were a little red, but unscorched, and the
hair upon them not even singed. This incident seems weak in the description
after witnessing the fact of tender flesh and blood held in such a
flame for several minutes.”</p>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="short" />
<div id="art8" class="article">
<h2 class="title">Miscellaneous Intelligence.</h2>
<div class="miscellany_item" id="misc1">
<p><strong class="headline">Erratum.</strong>—In the April number, the view of the upper surface of the brain, by
mistake of the printer, was turned upside down—<a href="#page29">see page 29</a>. The engraving on
page 31 must be referred to, to illustrate the description in this number.</p>
</div>
<div class="miscellany_item" id="misc2">
<p><strong class="headline">Co-operation</strong> is making great progress. A colony similar to that at Topolobampo
is to be established on 3,000 acres at Puget Sound. Manufacturers are
beginning to adopt the principle of giving a share of profits to their employees,
but space forbids details. Topolobampo has 400 busy colonists, and is not ready
yet for any more.</p>
</div>
<div class="miscellany_item" id="misc3">
<p><strong class="headline">Emancipation.</strong>—Brazil has about a million of slaves. Emancipation is proceeding
slowly. It may be thirty years before slavery shall be entirely extinguished.</p>
</div>
<div class="miscellany_item" id="misc4">
<p><strong class="headline">Inventors.</strong>—A correspondent remarks very justly that “Inventors have rescued
the race from primitive barbarism. They have transformed the primeval curse into
a blessing. True saviors they, whose every gift has multiplied itself a thousand-fold
by opening new fields of industry, and scattering luxuries even among the
poorest. To the inventor, and not to the statesman, politician, or warrior, do we
owe our present prosperity.”</p>
</div>
<div class="miscellany_item" id="misc5">
<p><strong class="headline">Important Discovery.</strong>—“Tests were recently made at Louisville of a new and
not expensive process for hardening and tempering steel, by which hardness and
elasticity are carried forward in combination. A drill made of the new steel
penetrated in forty minutes a steel safe-plate warranted to resist any burglar drill
for twelve hours. A penknife tempered by the process cut the stem of a steel
key readily, and with the same blade the inventor shaved the hairs on his arm.
The inventor is a young blacksmith. He has also a new process for converting
iron into steel.”</p>
</div>
<div class="miscellany_item" id="misc6">
<p><strong class="headline">Saccharine.</strong>—This new substance said to be 200 times as sweet as sugar is
manufactured from coal tar. It was discovered about six years ago in the laboratory
of the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, by Prof. Remsen and a student
named Fahlberg, who has since taken out patents upon it. It is greatly superior to
sugar, as it is free from fermentation and decomposition. A small quantity added
to starch or glucose will make a compound equal to sugar in sweetness. It is a valuable
antiseptic and has valuable medical properties.</p>
</div>
<div class="miscellany_item" id="misc7">
<p><strong class="headline">Sugar</strong> has been discovered to have great value as an addition to mortar, as it has
a solvent action on lime. An English builder wrote an important letter to the
authorities of Charleston, S. C., on this subject, after that city had suffered from the
earthquake.</p>
</div>
<div class="miscellany_item" id="misc8">
<p><strong class="headline">Artificial Ivory.</strong>—We shall no longer need the elephant for ivory. Compounds
of a celluloid character, made from cotton waste, can now be made hard as
ivory, or flexible or soft as we wish. White and transparent, or brilliantly colored,
it can be handled like wood cut and carved, or applied as a varnish. An artificial
ivory of creamy whiteness and great hardness is now made from good potatoes
washed in diluted sulphuric acid, and then boiled in the same solution until they
become solid and dense. They are then washed free of the acid and slowly dried.
This ivory can be dyed and turned, and made useful in many ways.</p>
</div>
<div class="miscellany_item" id="misc9">
<p><strong class="headline">Paper Pianos.</strong>—Pianos have lately been made from paper in Germany, instead
of wood, with great improvement in the tone.</p>
</div>
<div class="miscellany_item" id="misc10">
<p><a class="pagenum" id="page25" title="25"> </a><strong class="headline">Social Degeneracy of the Wealthy.</strong>—The <cite>Boston Herald</cite>
says: “The spirit of the age is censorious. There is no doubt of
that, or that with every new day the tendency toward pessimism
increases. But even taking these facts into consideration, there is
no denying that the young man about town of the nineteenth century
is a blot upon our boasted modern civilization. His is not a
pleasant figure to contemplate, though it is one that we all see very
often and know very well—clothed irreproachably in the most
expensive raiment that London tailors and unlimited credit can supply.
He lives lazily and luxuriously on his father’s money and his
wife’s, and, being after his natural term of days laid away in a tomb
at Mt. Auburn, ends his existence without making any more impression
upon the world’s history than a falling rose leaf, or an August
cricket’s faintest chirp.”</p>
</div>
<div class="miscellany_item" id="misc11">
<p><strong class="headline">Prevention of Cruelty.</strong>—In Congress, Feb. 14, Mr. Collins,
for the judiciary committee, has given a favorable report on the bill
and memorial of the Massachusetts Society for the Prevention of
Cruelty to Animals, asking the passage of a law to protect dumb
animals in the various territories from unnecessary cruelty. In the
report Mr. Collins says: “This body occupies the foremost place
among the organizations of men and women who in our time have
done so much to repress and punish human cruelty, abuse, and
neglect in dealing with dumb animals. In all the States, we believe,
laws now exist to prevent and punish unnecessary exposure, neglect,
or cruel treatment of beasts of burden and other animals. To bring
the federal legislation into co-operation and harmony with the laws
of the States on the subject, and provide a uniform rule for the
District of Columbia and the Territories, your committee recommend
the passage of the bill.”</p>
</div>
<div class="miscellany_item" id="misc12">
<p><strong class="headline">Value of Birds.</strong>—Maurice Thompson contends that the failure
of orchards in this country is largely or mainly due to the war upon
birds. The mocking bird he considers the most valuable of all.
“No Scuppernong vine,” he says, “should be without its mocking
bird to defend it.” Let ladies think of this who patronize cruelty by
wearing birds’ plumage on their bonnets.</p>
</div>
<div class="miscellany_item" id="misc13">
<p><strong class="headline">House Plants.</strong>—Dr. J. M. Anders has decided after eight
years’ investigation that house plants are very sanitary agents, and
even thinks that they help to ward off consumption and other diseases.</p>
</div>
<div class="miscellany_item" id="misc14">
<p><strong class="headline">The Largest Tunnel in the World</strong> has been completed at
Schemnitz in Hungary. It was begun in 1782, and is ten and a
quarter miles long, nine feet ten inches high, and five feet three
inches wide, costing nearly $5,000,000. Its purpose is to drain the
water of the Schemnitz mines, which is worth $75,000 a year.</p>
</div>
<div class="miscellany_item" id="misc15">
<p><strong class="headline">“Westward the Star of Empire,” etc.</strong>—“The Fall River
(Mass.,) iron works, which have been in operation for fifty years,
have shut down permanently and all the hands have been discharged.
It was found impossible to compete with western works that are
situated near the base of natural gas and iron supplies.”</p>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="short" />
<div id="art9" class="article">
<h3><a class="pagenum" id="page26" title="26"> </a>Structure of the Brain.</h3>
<p class="subtitle">(<em>Continued from <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/25890/25890-h/25890-h.htm#page32" title="Go to Buchanan’s Journal of Man, April 1887.">page 32.</a></em>)</p>
<p>Nevertheless, in men and animals killed in full health there
is very little serum in any part of the brain, the blood requiring
all the space there is for fluids; and as the blood distends one
part of the brain more than another in consequence of local
excitement, the other portions of the brain, which are in a
passive state, are compressed and deprived of their full supply of
blood, so that they are of less nourished and their development
declines.</p>
<p>Thus do we hold our destiny in our own hands. If we will cultivate
the faculties which are most in need of cultivation, their organs,
receiving more blood, will grow faster than any other portions of the
brain, while the organs that are kept in check and deprived of activity
will gradually decline in power and size, so that the character
will become essentially changed. It is in the power of every individual
who has the necessary determination to change essentially his
own nature for better or worse, as well as to modify and enlarge his
capacities, changing the structure of his brain; and this should
encourage every young man and woman to make for themselves a
noble destiny. Moreover, it is still more practicable to accomplish
this by means of education, with all proper appliances for the
young; and this should encourage philanthropists to struggle for
that social regeneration which is so clearly possible for all the
world, as I have shown in “The New Education.” The study of the
anatomy of the brain and the innumerable experiments I have made
on the brain, showing how completely the brain of the impressible
can be revolutionized in its action in a few minutes, make it very
apparent that society as a whole is responsible for the continued
existence of criminals, paupers, and lunatics; for there should not
be one, and would not be, if mankind could be aroused from their
criminal apathy and ignorance to the performance of our duty in
education. But alas! “the light shineth in darkness and the darkness
comprehendeth it not.”</p>
<p>The study of the brain continually leads us into grand philanthropic
conceptions by showing the splendid possibilities of humanity,—showing
how near we are to a nobler social state from which we
are debarred by ignorance, by moral apathy, by ignorant self sufficiency,
by intolerant bigotry, and by selfish animality,—qualities
which, alas! pervade all ranks to-day.</p>
<p>But returning from this digression to our study of the interior of
the brain: the great ventricles of which we have considered the
position, and which are called lateral ventricles, are interesting for
another reason, that they are the central region around which the
cerebrum is developed, as it folds over upon itself in its early growth,
and consequently must be borne in mind as its centre when we are
studying its comparative development in different heads. The
basilar organs lie below the ventricles and the coronal organs
above.</p>
<p>If we have inserted a finger under the corpus callosum, the fibres
of which are above our finger, we may feel below, the structure
which may be called the bottom of the ventricle, and which is likewise
<a class="pagenum" id="page27" title="27"> </a>the base or trunk of the superincumbent parts from which they
spring, as a tree from its stump.</p>
<p>This structure is one mass, called anteriorly the corpus striatum,
or striated body, and posteriorly the optic thalamus or bed of the
optic nerve, though the optic nerve has its principal origin in
another part, called the optic lobes. The thalamus and corpus
striatum are called together, the <em>great inferior ganglion</em> of the brain.
They are masses of gray substance, with white fibres from below
passing through them, and white fibres originating in them to
ascend and spread, so that their entire masses of fibres, ascending
and spreading out like a fan, constitute an extensive structure
which folds together toward the median line somewhat like a nervous
sac, inclosing the cavity of the ventricle and sending its representative
fibres across the median line,—which are called the corpus
callosum. This will be more fully explained when we consider the
genesis of the brain as it grows in the unborn infant.</p>
<p>As the reader now understands the principal parts around the
ventricles, let him look lower down to complete the survey and
understand the plan of the brain, though not its anatomical minutiæ.
The optic thalamus is indicated in the engraving, but the
corpus striatum, being more exterior and anterior, does not appear.
Practically they may be regarded as one body.</p>
<p>Where the thalami come together and touch or unite on the
median line, the junction is called a commissure (commiss. med.) and
the space between them where they do not touch is called the third
ventricle (ventric. III), which, like the lateral ventricles, may also
hold a little serum. It is unnecessary to consider the small parts
above the thalami, the choroid plexus of blood vessels, the fornix or
strip of nerve membrane, and the septum lucidum or delicate fibres
under the corpus callosum.</p>
<p>Beginning at the bottom of the figure, we observe the medulla
oblongata rising from the spinal cord to reach the cerebrum. Behind
this we see the cerebellum divided on the median line, and thus
presenting where it is divided the appearance called <em lang="la" xml:lang="la">arbor vitæ</em>,
from its resemblance to the leaf of that evergreen.</p>
<p>As the fibres of the medulla oblongata ascend they pass between
the cerebellum and the <em lang="la" xml:lang="la">pons Varolii</em> (bridge of Varolius) mingling
with its substance. The pons or bridge (for if the brain were laid
on its upper surface the pons would appear like a bridge over the
river represented by the medulla oblongata) is the commissure or
connecting body of the cerebellum, as the corpus callosum is of the
cerebrum. When the head is held erect the fibres of the pons arch
forward from the interior of the cerebellum on one side across the
median line to the other side, so that a straight line through from the
right to the left ear would pierce its lower portion. It looks
toward the front, corresponding with the upper jaw, just below
the nostrils, through which region it may be reached for experiment.</p>
<p>My experiments upon the brain of man show that the pons on
each side of the median line is the commanding head of the respiratory
<a class="pagenum" id="page28" title="28"> </a>impulse, and in marking the organ of respiration on my busts, it
is located around the mouth from the nose to the chin. When this
<a href="images/fig1.png"><img class="illo_left" src="images/fig1-th.png" width="226" height="119" alt="Two heads in profile" /></a>region (especially its lower portion)
is prominent it indicates active respiration
and a forcible voice. Hence
there is a great contrast in the vocal
power of two such heads as are
shown in the adjoining figure. This
discovery has been verified by the
pathological researches of Dr. J. B. Coste, published at Paris, 1857.</p>
<p>Following the line of the ascending fibres, after passing through
the pons they continue expanding and plunge into the thalamus and
corpus striatum. Their first appearance above the pons (marked in
the engraving by the word <em>Pedunc.</em>) is usually called the <em lang="la" xml:lang="la">crura</em> or
thighs of the brain. The right crus, running through the thalamus,
expands by successive additions into the right hemisphere, and the
left crus into the left hemisphere, of the cerebrum, and the two
hemispheres unite together on the median line by the corpus callosum.</p>
<p>There is very little space for the crura (plural of crus) between
the pons and the thalamus, but if we look at the posterior surface of
the ascending fibres or crura we see a larger surface, on which we
find a quadruple elevation called the <em lang="la" xml:lang="la">corpora quadrigemina</em> (the four
twins). This is an important intermediate structure between the
cerebrum and the cerebellum, and in fishes is the largest part of
the brain, but in man is the smallest portion, as will be explained
hereafter, and is the origin of the optic nerve, as well as a commanding
head for the spinal system, from which convulsions may be
produced.</p>
<p>The quadrigemina are distinguished also as the location of the
pineal gland, which rests upon them, to which we may ascribe
important psychic functions. The engraving shows the fibres connecting
the quadrigemina with the cerebellum, and a channel under
them (aqueduct of Sylvius) connecting the ventricles of the cerebrum
with those of the spinal cord. What is called the fourth
ventricle is the small space between the medulla oblongata and the
cerebellum. At this spot the posterior surface of the medulla oblongata,
as it gives origin to the pneumogastric nerve, which conveys
the sensations of the lungs, becomes the immediate source of the
respiratory impulse on which breathing depends, and hence is of the
greatest importance to life. A very slight injury at this spot with a
lancet or point of a knife would be fatal. It is recognized by converging
fibres which look like a pen, and are therefore called the
<em lang="la" xml:lang="la">calamus scriptorius</em>, or writer’s pen.</p>
<p>If the reader has not fully mastered the intricacy of the brain
structure, he will find his difficulties removed by studying two
more skilful dissections. The following engraving presents the
appearances when we cut through the middle of the brain horizontally
and reveal the bottom of the ventricles, in which we see the
great ganglion, or optic thalamus and corpus striatum, and the
<a class="pagenum" id="page29" title="29"> </a>three localities at which the hemispheres are connected by fibres on
the median line, called anterior, middle, and posterior commissures.
These commissures are of no importance in our study; they assist
the corpus callosum in maintaining a close connection between the
right and left hemispheres.</p>
<div class="image">
<a href="images/fig2.png"><img src="images/fig2-th.png" width="434" height="541" alt="Brain cross-section from top" /></a>
</div>
<p>Behind the thalami we see the quadrigemina, the posterior pair of
which is labelled <em lang="la" xml:lang="la">testes</em>, and resting upon them we have the pineal
gland, a centre of spiritual influx. Behind the thalami, the posterior
lobes are cut away that we may look down to the cerebellum,
and the middle of the cerebellum is also removed so that we may see
the back of the medulla oblongata and its fibres, called restiform
bodies, which give origin to the cerebellum. The fibres from the
cerebellum to the quadrigemina are shown, and the space at the
back of the medulla, called the fourth ventricle.</p>
<p>As the fibres of the medulla pass up through the pons to the
great inferior ganglion, and the fibres of the corpus striatum pass
outward and upward to form the cerebrum, this procession of the
fibres is shown in the annexed engraving, in which we see the
<a class="pagenum" id="page30" title="30"> </a>restiform bodies passing up to form the cerebellum, and the remainder
of the medulla fibres passing through the pons, and then, under
the name crus cerebri or thigh of the cerebrum, passing through
the thalamus and striatum to expand in the left hemisphere of the
cerebrum. We see the quadrigemina on the back of the ascending
fibres and their connection by fibres with the cerebellum behind,
as they connect with the thalami in front. This is as complete a
statement of the structure of the brain as is necessary, and further
anatomical details would only embarrass the memory.</p>
<div class="image">
<a href="images/fig3.png"><img src="images/fig3-th.png" width="517" height="386" alt="Brain cross-section from side" /></a>
</div>
<p>The engraving above represents not an actual dissection, but the
plan of the fibres as understood by the anatomist. The intricacy of
the cerebral structure is so great that it would require a vast number
of skilful dissections and engravings to make a correct portrait.
Fortunately, this is not necessary for the general reader, who requires
only to understand the position of the organs in the head,
and the direction of their growth, which is in all cases directly outward
from the central region or ventricles, so as to cause a prominence
of the cranium—not a “bump,” but a general fulness of
contour. Bumps belong to the growth of bone—not that of the
brain.</p>
<p>Let us next consider the genesis of the brain, which will give us a
more perfect understanding of its structure, by showing its origin,
the correct method of estimating its development.</p>
<hr class="short" />
<h2 class="title" id="art9_part2"><a class="pagenum" id="page31" title="31"> </a>Chapter III.—Genesis of the Brain</h2>
<p class="chapter_outline">Beginning of the brain—Its correspondence to the animal kingdom
and the law of evolution—Inadequacy of physical causes in
evolution—The Divine influence and its human analogy—Probability
of influx—Possible experimental proof—Potentiality of
the microscopic germinal element and its invisible life—Is it a
complete microcosm?—The cosmic teaching of Sarcognomy—The
fish form of the brain—The triple form of the brain—Decline
of the middle brain—Brains of the codfish, flounder, and
roach—Embryo of twelve weeks—Lowest type of the brain—Measurement
of the embryo brain—Structure of the convolutions—Unfolding
of the brain—Forms of twenty-one weeks and
seven months—Anatomy shows the central region—Its importance—Neglect
of prior authors—Errors of the phrenological
school explained—Misled by Mr. Combe into a false system of
measurement—How I was led to detect the error—Form of the
animal head and form of the noble character—Line of the
ventricles—Coronal and basilar development—Its illustration
in two heads and in the entire animal kingdom—-Dulness of
human observers—Anatomy shows the central region—Circular
character of cerebral development—Accuracy of a true cerebral
science, and errors of the Gallian system.</p>
<p><span class="first_word">The</span> brain begins in a human being in embryonic life, as it begins
in the animal kingdom, void of the convolutions which are seen in
its maturity,—beginning as a small outgrowth from the medulla
oblongata, which after the second month extends into three small
sacs of nervous membrane inclosing cavities, making a triple brain,
such as exists in fishes, which are the lowest type of vertebrated
animals,—animals that have a spinal column or backbone.</p>
<p>From this condition, the fishy condition of the nervous system of
the embryo human being at the end of the second month, there is a
regular growth which develops in the embryo the forms characteristic
of higher orders of animals in regular succession,—fishes,
reptiles, birds, and quadrupeds or mammalia, monkeys, and man.</p>
<p>This is the same order of succession which geologists assign to
the development of the animal kingdom, the higher species coming
in after the lower; and if every human being, instead of developing
at once, according to the human type, is compelled to pass through
this regular gradation of development, is it not apparent that the
lower forms are absolutely necessary as a basis for the higher, and
that the higher forms cannot arrive except by building up and
giving additional development to the lower? In other words, the
present status of humanity above the animal kingdom was attained
not by a sudden burst of creative power, making a distinct and
isolated being, but by the gradual and consecutive influx, which
evolved new faculties and organs,—a process called <em>evolution</em>. How
slow or how rapid this process may have been, science has not yet
<a class="pagenum" id="page32" title="32"> </a>determined; but it would require incalculable millions of years if
nothing but the common exciting effects of environment and necessity
have been operative in evolution; and science has utterly failed to discover
any power which could carry on development so effectively as to
produce an entire transformation of species, and overcome the vast
differences between the oyster and the bird, the fish and the elephant.</p>
<p>But as such transmutations of the nervous system do virtually
occur in man before birth, we cannot say that they are <em>impossible</em>, for
that which occurs in the womb under the influence of parental love
may also occur in the womb of nature under the influence of Divine
love; for love is the creative power, and as the maternal influx may
determine the noble development of humanity or the ignoble development
of monsters and animalized beings, it is obvious that the formative
stage of all beings is a plasmic condition in which the most
subtle or spiritual influences may totally change their destiny and
development.</p>
<p>That such an influx may come to exalt or to modify the animal
type is by no means unreasonable, for human beings in vast numbers
are liable to such influences from the unseen, which exert a
controlling influence, and many animals are as accessible to
invisible influences as man, while their embryos are vastly
more so than the parents. If then we recognize the spiritual
being in man, and the same spiritual being disembodied as a potential
existence,—if, moreover, we recognize the illimitable and incomprehensible
psychical power behind the universe, of which man is one
expression, we cannot fail to see that the embryonic development of
animals from a lower to a higher form is entirely possible and probable;
and in the absence of any other practicable method of evolution
to higher types we are compelled to adopt this as the most rational.</p>
<p>What is difficult or utterly impossible when we rely on physical
causes alone, becomes facile enough when we introduce the spiritual,
and argue from what we see in the spiritual genesis of every human
being to the analogous processes of nature on the largest scale.</p>
<p>If a false and brutal superstition did not stand in the way, clothed
in pharisaical assumption and political power, experiments might be
made on human beings and animals sufficient to settle most positively
all doubt as to transmutation of species by the semi-creative power
from the invisible world, combined with visible agencies.</p>
<p>Indeed, the entire difficulty vanishes from the mind of a philosopher
when he refers to the fact that the potentiality of all being
resides in a microscopic germinal element containing within itself
an invisible spiritual energy, which determines for all time a continual
succession of animals of certain forms and characteristics which
human power has never been able to change.</p>
<p>Why is it that a simple speck of protoplasm void of visible organization—a
mere jelly to hold the invisible life power—carries within
itself in that invisible spiritual element the destiny of myriads of
animal beings, and according to the nature of that invisible spiritual
element it may develop into a Humboldt or an oyster, an elephant,
a humming-bird, or a serpent?</p>
</div>
<div id="business">
<h2><a class="pagenum" id="page33" title="33"> </a>To the Readers of the Journal of Man.</h2>
<div class="ad_narrow">
<p>The establishment of a new Journal is a hazardous
and expensive undertaking. Every reader of
this volume receives what has cost more than he
pays for it, and in addition receives the product of
months of editorial, and many years of scientific,
labor. May I not therefore ask his aid in relieving
me of this burden by increasing the circulation of
the Journal among his friends?</p>
<p>The establishment of the Journal was a duty.
There was no other way effectively to reach the
people with its new sphere of knowledge. Buckle
has well said in his “History of Civilization,” that
“No great political improvement, no great reform,
either legislative or executive, has ever been originated
in any country by its ruling class. The first
suggestors of such steps have invariably been bold
and able thinkers, who discern the abuse, denounce
it, and point out the remedy.”</p>
<p>This is equally true in science, philanthropy, and
religion. When the advance of knowledge and
enlightenment of conscience render reform or revolution
necessary, the ruling powers of college,
church, government, capital, and the press, present
a solid combined resistance which the teachers of
novel truth cannot overcome without an appeal to
the people. The grandly revolutionary science of
Anthropology, which offers in one department (Psychometry)
“the dawn of a new civilization,” and
in other departments an entire revolution in social,
ethical, educational, and medical philosophy, has
experienced the same fate as all other great scientific
and philanthropic innovations, in being compelled
to sustain itself against the mountain mass
of established error by the power of truth alone.
The investigator whose life is devoted to the evolution
of the truth cannot become its propagandist.
A whole century would be necessary to the full
development of these sciences to which I can give but
a portion of one life. Upon those to whom these
truths are given, who can intuitively perceive their
value, rests the task of sustaining and diffusing the
truth.</p>
<p>The circulation of the Journal is necessarily
limited to the sphere of liberal minds and advanced
thinkers, but among these it has had a more warm
and enthusiastic reception than was ever before
given to any periodical. There must be in the
United States twenty or thirty thousand of the
class who would warmly appreciate the Journal,
but they are scattered so widely it will be years
before half of them can be reached without the
active co-operation of my readers, which I most
earnestly request.</p>
<p>Prospectuses and specimen numbers will be furnished
to those who will use them, and those who
have liberal friends not in their own vicinity may
confer a favor by sending their names that a prospectus
or specimen may be sent them. A liberal
commission will be allowed to those who canvas for
subscribers.</p>
<div class="subsection">
<h3>Enlargement of the Journal.</h3>
<p>The requests of readers for the enlargement of
the Journal are already coming in. It is a great
disappointment to the editor to be compelled each
month to exclude so much of interesting matter, important
to human welfare, which would be gratifying
to its readers. The second volume therefore
will be enlarged to 64 pages at $2 per
annum.</p>
<p>☞ <a href="#page34" class="emphasis">See Next Page</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="subsection">
<p><strong class="headline">Books Received for Notice</strong>.—“Unanswerable
Logic: Spiritual discourses through the
mediumship of Thomas Gales Forster,” published
by Colby and Rich; $1.50. This is an able and
scholarly discussion of spiritual science. The style
would not suggest mediumship as their source, but
rather study and research. There are several
passages the Journal would like to quote when
space permits. Mr. Forster should be remembered
with gratitude as an able and fearless pioneer in
the diffusion of noble truths.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="ad_narrow" id="college">
<h3 class="title">College of Therapeutics.</h3>
<p>The large amount of scientific and therapeutic
knowledge developed by recent discoveries, but not
yet admitted into the slow-moving medical colleges,
renders it important to all young men of
liberal minds—to all who aim at the highest rank
in their profession—to all who are strictly conscientious
and faithful in the discharge of their
duties to patients under their care, to have an
institution in which their education can be completed
by a preliminary or a post-graduate course
of instruction.</p>
<p>The amount of practically useful knowledge of
the healing art which is absolutely excluded from
the curriculum of old style medical colleges is
greater than all they teach—not greater than the
adjunct sciences and learning of a medical course
which burden the mind to the exclusion of much
useful therapeutic knowledge, but greater than all
the curative resources embodied in their instruction.</p>
<p>The most important of these therapeutic resources
which have sometimes been partially
applied by untrained persons are now presented
in the College of Therapeutics, in which is taught
not the knowledge which is now represented by
the degree of M. D., but a more profound knowledge
which gives its pupils immense advantages
over the common graduate in medicine.</p>
<p>Therapeutic Sarcognomy, a science often demonstrated
and endorsed by able physicians, gives the
anatomy not of the physical structure, but of the
vital forces of the body and soul as located in every
portion of the constitution—a science vastly more
important than physical anatomy, as the anatomy
of life is more important than the anatomy of
death. Sarcognomy is the true basis of medical
practice, while anatomy is the basis only of operative
surgery and obstetrics.</p>
<p>Indeed, every magnetic or electric practitioner
ought to attend such a course of instruction to
become entirely skilful in the correct treatment of
disease.</p>
<p>In addition to the above instruction, special
attention will be given to the science and art of
Psychometry—the most important addition in
modern times to the practice of medicine, as it
gives the physician the most perfect diagnosis of
disease that is attainable, and the power of extending
his practice successfully to patients at any
distance. The methods of treatment used by
spiritual mediums and “mind cure” practitioners
will also be philosophically explained.</p>
<p>The course of instruction will begin on Monday,
the 2d of May, and continue six weeks. The fee
for attendance on the course will be $25. To
students who have attended heretofore the fee will
be $15. For further information address the
president,</p>
<p class="sign">JOSEPH RODES BUCHANAN, M. D.<br />
<span class="address name">6 James St., Boston.</span></p>
<p>The sentiments of those who have attended these
courses of instruction during the last eight years
were concisely expressed in the following statement,
which was unanimously signed and presented
to Dr. Buchanan by those attending his course
in Boston, of which we present only the concluding
resolution.</p>
<p>“<em>Resolved</em>, That Therapeutic Sarcognomy is a
system of science of the highest importance, alike
to the magnetic healer, to the electro-therapeutist,
and to the medical practitioner,—giving great
advantages to those who thoroughly understand it,
and destined to carry the fame of its discoverer to
the remotest future ages.”</p>
<div class="subsection">
<p>Dr. <em class="special_name">K. Meyenberg</em>, who is the Boston agent for
Oxygen Treatment, is a most honorable, modest, and
unselfish gentleman, whose superior natural powers
as a magnetic healer have been demonstrated during
eighteen years’ practice in Washington City.
Some of his cures have been truly marvelous. He
has recently located in Boston as a magnetic
physician.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="ad_wide" id="press">
<h2 class="title"><a class="pagenum" id="page34" title="34"> </a>Buchanan’s Journal of Man.</h2>
<div class="preamble">
<p>$1.00 PER ANNUM. SINGLE COPIES 10 CTS.</p>
<p>Published at 6 James St., Boston, by DR. J. R. BUCHANAN,</p>
<p class="name">Author of System of Anthropology, The New Education, Manual of Psychometry,
and Therapeutic Sarcognomy. Professor of Physiology and Institutes
of Medicine in four Medical Colleges successively from 1845 to
1881; and Dean of the Faculty of the Parent School
of American Eclecticism at Cincinnati.</p>
</div>
<h3 class="title" id="lang_of_press">LANGUAGE OF THE PRESS.</h3>
<p>The reception of this <cite class="name">Journal</cite> by the press, when first issued from 1849 to 1856 was as unique as
its own character. The following quotations show the reputation of the <cite class="name">Journal</cite> thirty to thirty-seven
years ago.</p>
<p>Buchanan’s <cite class="name">Journal of Man</cite>. “Perhaps no journal published in the world is so far in advance
of the age.”—<cite>Plain Dealer, Cleveland</cite>.</p>
<p>“His method is strictly scientific; he proceeds on the sure ground of observation and experiment;
he admits no phenomena as reality which he has not thoroughly tested, and is evidently more desirous
to arrive at a correct understanding of nature than to establish a system…. We rejoice that
they are in the hands of one who is so well qualified as the editor of the <cite class="name">Journal</cite> to do them justice,
both by his indomitable spirit of research, his cautious analysis of facts, and his power of exact and
vigorous expression.”—<cite>New York Tribune</cite>.</p>
<p>“This sterling publication is always welcome to our table. Many of its articles evince marked
ability and striking originality.”—<cite>National Era, Washington City</cite>.</p>
<p>“It is truly refreshing to take up this monthly…. When we drop anchor and sit down to
commune with philosophy as taught by Buchanan, the fogs and mists of the day clear up.”—<em>Capital
City Fact.</em></p>
<p>“This work is a pioneer in the progress of science.”—<cite>Louisville Democrat</cite>.</p>
<p>“After a thorough perusal of its pages, we unhesitatingly pronounce it one of the ablest publications
in America.”—<cite>Brandon Post</cite>.</p>
<p>“To hear these subjects discussed by ordinary men, and then to read Buchanan, there is as much
difference as in listening to a novice performing on a piano, and then to a Chevalier Gluck or a
Thalberg.”—<cite>Democrat Transcript</cite>.</p>
<p>“No person of common discernment who has read Dr. Buchanan’s writings or conversed with him
in relation to the topics which they treat, can have failed to recognize in him one of the very foremost
thinkers of the day. He is certainly one of the most charming and instructive men to whom anybody
with a thirst for high speculation ever listened.”—<cite>Louisville Journal</cite> (<em>edited by <span class="name">Prentice</span> and
<span class="name">Shipman</span></em>).</p>
<p>☞ The recent issue of the <cite class="name">Journal</cite> in Boston was immediately hailed with the same appreciative
cordiality by the press, and by private correspondents.</p>
<p>“Dr. Buchanan’s name has been so intimately associated with the foremost moral, social, and
political reforms which have agitated the public mind for the last half century that the mention of it
in connection with the foregoing publication under the old-time name will doubtless draw to it an
extensive patronage.”—<cite>Hall’s Journal of Health, New York</cite>.</p>
<p>“It is a real pleasure to be able to turn to such a journal after, as a matter of courtesy, skimming
over so much trash as is thrown broadcast…. He seems determined to reverse this order and
use words that will not only <em>express</em> his ideas, but, at the same time, <em>sink them in</em> so they will stay.”—<cite>Nonconformist</cite>.</p>
<p>“This <cite class="name">Journal</cite> reaches our table as richly laden with thought as ever. When we read it in the
days of our boyhood it was at least thirty-one years ahead of its time.”—<cite>New Thought</cite>.</p>
<p>“It was at that time one of the most original scientific journals of the day, advancing ideas that
had not then been heard of.”—<cite>Hartford Times</cite>.</p>
<p>“For this work we know of no one so well adapted as Dr. Buchanan. He stands at the head of the
thinkers of this nation, and has given to the topics with which he regales his readers his best thoughts.”—<em>Golden
Gate, San Francisco.</em></p>
<p>“This publication is unique in its aims, and by pursuing almost untrodden mental paths, leads the
reader into new and heretofore unexplored fields of thought.”—<cite>Herald Times, Gouverneur, N. Y</cite>.</p>
<p>“We have read with interest the varied contents of the present number, and feel eager for more.”—<em>The
New Age.</em></p>
<p>“All will be profited by the candid and able presentation of the various topics by the distinguished
anthropologist editor.”—<cite>Spiritual Offering</cite>.</p>
<p>“The complete volume will be worth twelve times the cost to progressive people.”—<em>Medical
Liberator.</em></p>
<p><a class="pagenum" id="page35" title="35"> </a>“Undoubtedly this will be a journal of rare merit, and much looked for by all thinking minds, as
its editor has established a reputation in new scientific researches, not attained by any man on this
continent or any other.”—<cite>Eastern Star</cite>.</p>
<p>“Several years ago, the <cite>Advance</cite>, in an article on pyschometry, expressed the opinion that Dr.
Buchanan was the greatest discoverer of this age, if not of any age of the world. We regard the
publication of such a journal as an event of the century, greater than political changes. Prof.
Buchanan by his discoveries has laid the foundation for the revolution of science.”—<em>Worthington
Advance, Minnesota</em>.</p>
<p>“It is designed to occupy the highest realm of knowledge attainable by man, hence will not attract
those who have no aspiration toward such knowledge. No brief notice would convey a good idea of
the worth of this magazine.”—<cite>Richmond (Mo.) Democrat</cite>.</p>
<p>“It is so full of valuable matter that to the thoughtful man it is a mine of gold.”—<em>Deutsche
Zeitung, Charleston, S. C.</em></p>
<p>“His monthly is one of rare merits, as is everything that comes from the pen of this advanced
thinker….We never read an article from the pen of this world-renowned thinker, but that
we feel we are in the presence of one whose shoes’ latchet we are unworthy to unloose.”—<em>Rostrum,
Vineland, N. J.</em></p>
<p>“We are more than pleased to know that Prof. Buchanan at his age of life has taken upon himself
such a broad, deep, beneficent task as publishing the <cite class="name">Journal of Man</cite>. We welcome it as a
harbinger of knowledge that will send its light away down the corridors of time as a beacon of the
nineteenth century….We believe that its future pages are destined to contain the vortex of
questions, socially and morally, which are whirling through the human mind, and their solution, in a
manner that will command the profound respect of philosophers, scientists, professors, doctors,
philanthropists, and all grades and classes of thinkers….Every word is interesting and profitable
to the human family.”—<cite>Eastern Star, Maine</cite>.</p>
<p>“The article on the “Phrenological doctrines of Gall, their past and present status,” is grand and
masterly, and whets the appetite for what is promised in continuation. We hope our readers will give
attention to this one article; it is worth the whole price of the magazine.”—<em>Medium and Daybreak,
London, England</em>.</p>
<p><strong>The Language of the Readers of this Journal</strong> has expressed in every variety of style their
generous and profound appreciation. One of its most enlightened and distinguished friends said that
language could not fully express his pleasure, and in addition to his subscription sent an extra dollar
<em>to pay for the first number</em>, which he considered was alone worth the subscription price. Another
distinguished friend writes: “It is a leader, and leads in the right direction.” Another whose celebrity
fills England and America writes: “I follow your noble work ever with deep interest.”</p>
<p>The following quotations show the general drift of expression: “It is a feast of good food for the
soul.”—<span class="small_all_caps">A. C. D.</span> “The Journal is a literary feast of which I am more than proud to be a partaker.”—<span class="small_all_caps">W.
S.</span> “Your “Moral Education” is one of the very best books ever written, and one of the
greatest as well. Your Journal charms me. You are leading the leaders; lead on.”—<span class="small_all_caps">E. E. C.</span> “I
am much pleased with its resurrected body, so bright and attractive.”—<span class="small_all_caps">DR. C. W.</span> “As a reader of the
Journal more than thirty years ago who got his first weak conceptions of the marvellous facts in man’s
spiritual nature, from Dr. Buchanan’s scientific discoveries, I hail the reappearance of the Journal.”—<span class="small_all_caps">D. S. F.</span>
“Praying that your life may be prolonged to complete the work you have planned, and
fully accomplish the mission appointed you by high Heaven, the elevation of the race to a higher spiritual
plane.”—<span class="small_all_caps">DR. E. D.</span> “Your “New Education,” a work destined to play a mighty role in this world
of social redemption,—we quote from it and delight in it all the time.”—<span class="small_all_caps">M. H.</span> “The truths that you so
ably set forth have been felt and known by me for the last six or seven years, because I am unfortunately
a victim of that one-sided education, called literary, which dwarfs instead of developing true and
noble manhood.”—<span class="small_all_caps">L. I. G.</span> of New Mexico. “The <cite class="name">Journal of Man</cite> should startle the advanced
medical man with transports of joy.”—<span class="small_all_caps">DR. D. E. E.</span> “I read it with great pleasure, as I do everything
I can meet that comes from your pen.”—<span class="small_all_caps">H. T. L.</span> “If I were younger I should place myself
under your tuition.”—<span class="small_all_caps">W. B.</span> “When I have read your thoughts I have felt elevated, and have wanted
to grasp you in body as I do spiritually.”—<span class="small_all_caps">L. M. B.</span> “I trust that you will be held in the form years yet
to come to carry out the important work.”—<span class="small_all_caps">J. L.</span> (England.) “I read every scrap of yours I can get my
fingers over.”—<span class="small_all_caps">T. M.</span> “I feel thankful from the depths of my soul that in all this wide world there is
such a mind as your own.”—<span class="small_all_caps">P. C. M.</span> “I do wish you could have taken charge of our American
Anthropological University.”—<span class="small_all_caps">W. W. B.</span> “Your method has been a much greater source of medical
knowledge to me than that I have gained here.”—<span class="small_all_caps">A STUDENT IN COLLEGE.</span> “Sarcognomy has been a source
of wonderful aid to me; I cannot give in words my estimation thereof.”—<span class="small_all_caps">G. P. B., M. D.</span> “It seems
that since our beloved Denton’s departure you are almost left alone to fight the great battle of Psychometry.
If you will make Psychometry the leading theme in your <cite class="name">Journal</cite>, you will do more to
hasten that dawn of a higher civilization that your noble science is destined to usher in than all other
sciences combined.”—<span class="small_all_caps">DR. A. B. D.</span> “I am delighted with it. I send for ten more copies for friends.”—<span class="small_all_caps">DR. B. F.</span></p>
<p><strong>From Ohio.</strong>—“My father used to take the Journal many years ago, from which I tried my first
experiments in psychology; and have practised magnetism for cure of diseases in an amateur way
with as much success as any I have seen operate.”—<span class="small_all_caps">A. K.</span></p>
<p><strong>From Germany.</strong>—“A journal of this kind would also be very much needed in Germany, for here
medical ignorance is equally strong. The people on the whole have no comprehension for spiritual
facts,—they are so sunk into dogmatism and belief in authority.”—<span class="small_all_caps">DR. F. H.</span> “As I myself am a
psychometer, your writings have a double interest for me. May God protect you, dear, dear friend!”—<span class="small_all_caps">COUNTESS A. V. W.</span></p>
</div>
<div class="ad_narrow">
<p class="ad_pstyle_1"><a class="pagenum" id="page36" title="36"> </a>FACTS,</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_3">A MONTHLY MAGAZINE,</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_8">DEVOTED TO</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_2">Mental and Spiritual Phenomena,</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_8">INCLUDING</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_8">Dreams, Mesmerism, Psychometry, Clairvoyance,
Clairaudience, Inspiration, Trance, and Physical
Mediumship; Prayer, Mind, and Magnetic
Healing; and all classes of Psychical
Effects.</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_3">Single Copies, 10 Cents; $1.00 per year.</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_8">PUBLISHED BY</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_2">Facts Publishing Company,</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_3">(Drawer 5323,) BOSTON, MASS.</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_7">L. L. WHITLOCK, Editor.</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_8">For Sale by COLBY & RICH, 9 Bosworth Street.</p>
</div>
<div class="ad_narrow">
<p class="ad_pstyle_1">W. F. RICHARDSON,</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_2">MAGNETIC PHYSICIAN,</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_3">875 Washington Street, Boston.</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_5">Having had several years’ practice, in which his
powers as a healer have been tested, and been surprising
to himself and friends, and having been
thoroughly instructed in the science of Sarcognomy,
offers his services to the public with entire
confidence that he will be able to relieve or cure all
who apply.</p>
<p>For his professional success he refers to Prof.
Buchanan, and to numerous citizens whose testimonials
he can show.</p>
</div>
<div class="ad_narrow">
<p class="ad_pstyle_1" style="float:left;margin-left:20%;">OPIUM</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_8"><strong>and MORPHINE HABITS</strong><br />
EASILY CURED BY A NEW METHOD.</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_2">DR. J. C. HOFFMAN,</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_7">JEFFERSON … WISCONSIN.</p>
</div>
<div class="ad_narrow">
<p class="ad_pstyle_1">Religio-Philosophical Journal.</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_3">ESTABLISHED 1865.</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_8">PUBLISHED WEEKLY AT</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_2">92 La Salle Street, Chicago,</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_8">By JOHN C. BUNDY,</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_2">TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION IN ADVANCE:</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_8"><span class="segment">One copy, one year</span> $2.50</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_8">Single copies, 5 cents. Specimen copy free.</p>
<p class="">All letters and communications should be addressed,
and all remittances made payable to</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_2">JOHN C. BUNDY, Chicago, Ill.</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_8">A Paper for all who Sincerely and Intelligently
Seek Truth without regard to Sect or Party.</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_3">Press, Pulpit, and People Proclaim its Merits.</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_7">Concurrent Commendations from Widely Opposite Sources.</p>
<p>Is the ablest Spiritualist paper in America….
Mr. Bundy has earned the respect of all lovers of the
truth, by his sincerity and courage.—<cite>Boston Evening
Transcript.</cite></p>
<p>I have a most thorough respect for the <strong class="name">Journal</strong>,
and believe its editor and proprietor is disposed to
treat the whole subject of spiritualism fairly.—<cite>Rev.
M. J. Savage (Unitarian) Boston.</cite></p>
<p>I wish you the fullest success in your courageous
course.—<cite>R. Heber Newton, D. D.</cite></p>
<p>Your course has made spiritualism respected by the
secular press as it never has been before, and compelled
an honorable recognition.—<cite>Hudson Tuttle,
Author and Lecturer.</cite></p>
<p>I read your paper every week with great interest.—<cite>H.
W. Thomas, D. D., Chicago.</cite></p>
<p>I congratulate you on the management of the
paper…. I indorse your position as to the investigation
of the phenomena.—<cite>Samuel Watson, D. D.,
Memphis, Tenn.</cite></p>
</div>
<div class="ad_narrow">
<p class="ad_pstyle_1">THE SPIRITUAL OFFERING,</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_8">A LARGE EIGHT-PAGE, WEEKLY JOURNAL, DEVOTED
TO THE ADVOCACY OF SPIRITUALISM
IN ITS RELIGIOUS, SCIENTIFIC, AND HUMANITARIAN
ASPECTS.</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_3">COL. D. M. FOX, Publisher.</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_3"><span class="segment">D. M. & NETTIE P. FOX</span> <strong class="name">Editors</strong>.</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_3">EDITORIAL CONTRIBUTORS.</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_5">Prof. Henry Kiddle, No. 7 East 130th St., New York
City.</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_5">“Ouina,” through her medium, Mrs. Cora L. V. Richmond,
64 Union Park Place, Chicago, Ill.</p>
<p>Among its contributors will be found our oldest and
ablest writers. In it will be found Lectures, Essays
upon Scientific, Philosophical, and Spiritual subjects,
Spirit Communications and Messages.</p>
<p>A Young Folks’ Department has recently been
added, edited by <em>Ouina</em>, through her medium, Mrs.
Cora L. V. Richmond; also a Department, “<cite class="name">The
Offering’s</cite> School for Young and Old,” A. Danforth,
of Boston, Mass., Principal.</p>
<hr class="short" />
<p><strong class="headline">Terms of Subscription:</strong> Per Year. $2.00; Six
Months, $1.00; Three Months, 50 cents.</p>
<p>Any person wanting the <cite>Offering</cite>, who is unable to
pay more than $1.50 per annum, and will so notify us,
shall have it at that rate. The price will be the same
if ordered as a present to friends.</p>
<p>In remitting by mail, a Post-Office Money Order on
Ottumwa, or Draft on a Bank or Banking House in
Chicago or New York City, payable to the order of D.
M. Fox, is preferable to Bank Notes. Single copies 5
cents; newsdealers 3 cents, payable in advance,
monthly or quarterly.</p>
<p><strong class="headline">Rates of Advertising.</strong>—Each line of nonpareil
type, 15 cents for first insertion and 10 cents for each
subsequent insertion. Payment in advance.</p>
<p>☞ The circulation of the <cite class="name">Offering</cite> in every
State and Territory now makes it a very desirable
paper for advertisers. Address,</p>
<p class="ad_pstyle_3">SPIRITUAL OFFERING, Ottumwa, Iowa.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="transcriber_note">
<p>Transcriber’s Note: The Table of Contents was copied from
the index to the volume. The article <a href="#art9">STRUCTURE OF THE BRAIN</a> is
continued from the <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/25890/25890-h/25890-h.htm#page32" title="Buchanan’s Journal of Man, April 1887.">previous issue’s page 32</a>.</p>
</div>
<div id="the_end"> </div>
<pre>
End of Project Gutenberg's Buchanan's Journal of Man, May 1887, by Various
*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BUCHANAN'S JOURNAL OF MAN, MAY 1887 ***
***** This file should be named 26317-h.htm or 26317-h.zip *****
This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:
https://www.gutenberg.org/2/6/3/1/26317/
Produced by Barbara Tozier, Bill Tozier and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net
Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions
will be renamed.
Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no
one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation
(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without
permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules,
set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to
copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to
protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project
Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you
charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you
do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the
rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose
such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and
research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do
practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is
subject to the trademark license, especially commercial
redistribution.
*** START: FULL LICENSE ***
THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK
To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free
distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work
(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project
Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project
Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at
https://gutenberg.org/license).
Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm
electronic works
1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm
electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to
and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all
the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy
all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession.
If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project
Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the
terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or
entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8.
1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be
used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who
agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few
things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works
even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See
paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project
Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement
and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
works. See paragraph 1.E below.
1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation"
or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project
Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the
collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an
individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are
located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from
copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative
works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg
are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project
Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by
freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of
this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with
the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by
keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project
Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others.
1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern
what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in
a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check
the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement
before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or
creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project
Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning
the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United
States.
1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:
1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate
access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently
whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the
phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project
Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed,
copied or distributed:
This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived
from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is
posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied
and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees
or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work
with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the
work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1
through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the
Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or
1.E.9.
1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted
with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional
terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked
to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the
permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work.
1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm
License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this
work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm.
1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this
electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
Gutenberg-tm License.
1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any
word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or
distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than
"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version
posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org),
you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a
copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon
request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other
form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm
License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.
1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,
performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works
unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.
1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing
access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided
that
- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method
you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is
owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he
has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the
Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments
must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you
prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax
returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and
sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the
address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to
the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation."
- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies
you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he
does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm
License. You must require such a user to return or
destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium
and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of
Project Gutenberg-tm works.
- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any
money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the
electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days
of receipt of the work.
- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works.
1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm
electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set
forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from
both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael
Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the
Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below.
1.F.
1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable
effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread
public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm
collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain
"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or
corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual
property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a
computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by
your equipment.
1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right
of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project
Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project
Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project
Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all
liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal
fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT
LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE
TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE
LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR
INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGE.
1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a
defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can
receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a
written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you
received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with
your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with
the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a
refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity
providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to
receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy
is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further
opportunities to fix the problem.
1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth
in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER
WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.
1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied
warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages.
If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the
law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be
interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by
the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any
provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.
1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the
trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone
providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance
with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production,
promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works,
harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees,
that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do
or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm
work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any
Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause.
Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm
Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of
electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers
including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists
because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from
people in all walks of life.
Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the
assistance they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's
goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will
remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project
Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure
and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations.
To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4
and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org.
Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation
The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit
501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the
state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification
number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at
https://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg
Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent
permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws.
The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S.
Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered
throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at
809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email
business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact
information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official
page at https://pglaf.org
For additional contact information:
Dr. Gregory B. Newby
Chief Executive and Director
gbnewby@pglaf.org
Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg
Literary Archive Foundation
Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide
spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of
increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be
freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest
array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations
($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt
status with the IRS.
The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating
charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United
States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a
considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up
with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations
where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To
SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any
particular state visit https://pglaf.org
While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we
have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition
against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who
approach us with offers to donate.
International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make
any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.
Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation
methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other
ways including including checks, online payments and credit card
donations. To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate
Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
works.
Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm
concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared
with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project
Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support.
Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed
editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S.
unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily
keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition.
Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility:
https://www.gutenberg.org
This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm,
including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to
subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.
</pre>
</body>
</html>
|
