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+Project Gutenberg's Notes and Queries, Number 33,  June 15, 1850, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Notes and Queries, Number 33,  June 15, 1850
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: July 24, 2008 [EBook #26121]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES, QUERIES, JUNE 15, 1850. ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, V. L. Simpson
+and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images
+generously made available by The Internet Library of Early
+Journals.)
+
+
+
+
+
+    +---------------------------------------------------------------+
+    | Transcriber's Note: Italicized words, phrases, etc. are       |
+    | surrounded by _underline characters_. Greek transliterations  |
+    | are surrounded by ~tildes~. Hebrew transliterations appear    |
+    | like #this#.                                                  |
+    | Archaic spellings have been retained.                         |
+    | Some hyphenation inconsistencies retained.                    |
+    | Superscript contractions indicated as S^r                     |
+    | Page numbers have been retained. Indicated as {Page}          |
+    +---------------------------------------------------------------+
+
+
+                                                                    {33}
+
+NOTES AND QUERIES:
+
+A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES,
+GENEALOGISTS, ETC.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"WHEN FOUND, MAKE A NOTE OF."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  NO. 33.]
+
+  SATURDAY, JUNE 15. 1850.
+
+  {Price Threepence.
+  {Stamped Edition, 4d.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  CONTENTS.                                               Page
+
+  NOTES:--
+
+    Dr. Whichcote and Lord Shaftesbury, by S. W. Singer     33
+    The Rebel                                               34
+    Notes on the Hippopotamus                               35
+    Folk Lore:--Northamptonshire Charms for Wens,
+      Cramp, Tooth-ache, West or Sty, &c.                   36
+    Brasichellen and Serpilius, by J. Sansom                37
+
+  QUERIES:--
+
+    Sir George Buc, by Rev. T. Corser                       38
+    Cosas de España                                         39
+    Carter's Drawings of York Cathedral, by J. Britton      40
+  Minor Queries:--"Imprest" and "Debenture"--Cosen's
+      MSS.--Barclay's Argenis--Clergy sold for Slaves--
+      Meaning of Pallet--Tobacco in the East--Stephanus
+      Brulifer                                              40
+
+  REPLIES:--
+
+    Asinorum Sepultura                                      41
+    Pope Felix                                              42
+    Replies to Numismatic Queries                           42
+    "As Lazy as Ludlum's Dog"                               42
+    Replies to Minor Queries:--Lord John
+      Townshend--When Easter ends--Holdsworth and
+      Fuller--Gookin--"Brozier"--Symbols of Four
+      Evangelists--Catacombs and Bone-houses--Tace Latin
+      for Candle--Members for Durham--"A Frog he would,"
+      &c.--Cavell--To endeavour ourselves--Three
+      Dukes--Christabel--Derivation of "Trianon"            43
+
+  MISCELLANEOUS:--
+
+    Notes on Books, Catalogues, Sales, &c.                  47
+    Books and Odd Volumes Wanted                            47
+    Notices to Correspondents                               47
+    Advertisements                                          48
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+Notes.
+
+
+DR. WHICHCOTE, MICHAEL AYNSWORTH, AND LORD SHAFTESBURY.
+
+Not less remarkable and interesting than the publication of Dr.
+Whichcote's Sermons by the noble author of the _Characteristics_, is a
+posthumous volume (though never designed for the press) under the
+following title:--
+
+    "Several Letters written by a Noble Lord to a Young Man at the
+    University.
+
+    "Quo semel est imbuta recens servabit odorem Testa diu.--_Hor.
+    Epist._ ii. 1.
+
+    "Printed for J. Roberts, near the Oxford Arms, in Warwick Lane,
+    1716. 8vo."
+
+The young man was Michael Aynsworth, of University College, Oxford,
+afterwards vicar of Cornhampton, in Hampshire, and master of the Free
+School there. He was a native of Dorsetshire; his father, who was in
+narrow circumstances, living near Wimborne St. Giles's, the seat of Lord
+Shaftesbury, by whom the son seems to have been nobly patronised, on
+account of his inclination to learning and virtuous disposition.
+
+The published letters are only _ten_ in number; but I have an accurate
+manuscript transcript of _fifteen_, made from the originals by R.
+Flexman (who had been a pupil of Aynsworth) in 1768. The transcriber's
+account is as follows:--
+
+    "After Mr. Aynsworth's death, these letters remained in the
+    possession of his daughter, and at her decease passed into the
+    the hands of the Rev. Mr. Upton, the then vicar of Cornhampton;
+    by him they were lent to my brother John Baker, of Grove Place,
+    in Hampshire, who lent them to me. It will be perceived that the
+    ten printed letters are not given as they were written, every
+    thing of a private nature being omitted, and passages only given
+    of other letters, just as the editor judged proper."
+
+R. Flexman has made some remarks illustrative of the letters at the end
+of his transcript, and added some particulars relating to Lord
+Shaftesbury. He justly says,--
+
+    "I think these letters will show his lordship in a more
+    favourable light with respect to the Christian religion than his
+    _Characteristics_, which, though they may be condemned on that
+    account, will ever remain a lasting monument of the genius of
+    the noble writer. It is certain, too, the friends of
+    Christianity are obliged to him for the publication of one of
+    the best volumes of sermons that ever appeared in the English
+    language. They are twelve in number, by Dr. Benjamin Whichcote.
+    These sermons (as well as the preface, which is admirable)
+    breathe such a noble spirit of Christianity, as I think will
+    efface every notion that his lordship was an enemy to the
+    Christian religion. In this preface he calls Dr. Whichcote (from
+    his pleading in defence of natural goodness) the 'preacher of
+    good nature.'"
+
+What follows will, I think, be acceptable to your correspondents C H.
+and C. R. S.
+
+    "I have heard that the way in which Lord Shaftesbury got
+    possession of the manuscript sermons was this:--Going one day to
+    visit his grandmother, the Countess Dowager, widow of the first
+    Earl, he found her reading a manuscript; on inquiring what she
+    was reading, she replied, that it was a sermon. His             {34}
+    lordship expressed his surprise that she should take so much
+    trouble as to read a manuscript sermon when there were such
+    numbers in print. She said, she could find none so good as those
+    she had in manuscript. Lord Shaftesbury then requested the
+    favour of being allowed to peruse it, and having done so, he
+    inquired of the Countess if she had any more, as he should like
+    to read them all if she had. Having received and read them, he
+    was so much pleased, that he resolved to print them; and having
+    them prepared for the press, he published them with a preface
+    recommending the sermons and highly praising the author."
+
+It appears that the sermons were prepared for the press, at Lord
+Shaftesbury's instance, by the Rev. William Stephens, rector of Sutton,
+in Surrey; but the fact of the preface being by himself rests on the
+undoubted evidence of his sister, Lady Betty Harris (wife of James
+Harris of Salisbury, the author of _Hermes_), who mentioned having
+written it from her brother's dictation, he being at that time too ill
+to write himself.
+
+The letters to Michael Aynsworth are very interesting, from their
+benevolent, earnest, and truly pious spirit, and might even now be read
+with advantage by a young student of theology: but, being very severe in
+many places upon the greater part of the body of the clergy _called_ the
+Church of England, could have been by no means palatable to the High
+Church party,--
+
+    "Who no more esteem themselves a Protestant Church, or in union
+    with those of Protestant communion, though they pretend to the
+    name of Christian, and would have us judge of the spirit of
+    Christianity from theirs; which God prevent! lest men should in
+    time forsake Christianity through their means."
+
+The eleventh letter in the MS. is important on account of the
+observations it contains on the consequences which must inevitably arise
+from Locke's doctrine respecting innate ideas. Locke had been tutor both
+to Lord Shaftesbury and his father:--
+
+    "Mr. Locke, much as I honour him, and well as I know him, and
+    can answer for his sincerity as a most zealous Christian
+    believer, has espoused those principles which Mr. Hobbes set on
+    foot in the last century, and has been followed by the Tindals
+    and all the other free authors of our time. 'Twas Mr. Locke that
+    struck the home blow, (for Hobbes' character and base slavish
+    principles of government took off the poison of his philosophy),
+    struck at all fundamentals, threw all _order_ and _virtue_ out
+    of the world, and made the very _ideas_ of these (which are the
+    same as those of God), unnatural and without foundation in our
+    minds."
+
+It is remarkable that the volume of Whichcote's Sermons printed by Lord
+Shaftesbury should have been republished at Edinburgh in 1742, with a
+recommendatory epistle, by a Presbyterian divine, Dr. Wishart, principal
+of the College of Edinburgh. In the very neat reprint of the collected
+sermons given by Dr. Campbell and Dr. Gerard, in 4 vols., 8vo.,
+Aberdeen, 1751, prefixed to the third volume, we also find Lord
+Shaftesbury's preface.
+
+    S. W. SINGER.
+
+Mickleham, June 4. 1850.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE REBEL.
+
+Sir,--The printed copy of a song which I inclose is believed, by those
+who are the best judges, to be the only copy, either printed or in
+manuscript, now in existence. That circumstance may, perhaps, render it
+acceptable to you: and I am not collector of curiosities, and I beg you
+would do what you please with it. The verses are plainly more modern
+than the motto: for there are, I think, two allusions to different plays
+of the immortal bard of Stratford-on-Avon. But perhaps you will think
+that he copied from it, as it is said he sometimes did from things not
+so good as his own. I do not believe, for my own part, that it was
+written till after the Great Rebellion. Bishop Christopherson, I take
+it, was a Roman Catholic, but resident in England, and we see that he
+wrote in English. The paper, you will observe, is foreign by the
+texture, as well as by the water-mark, which I cannot very well make
+out; but it seems to be a bust of somebody; while the type looks quite
+English, and therefore it is no proof that it was printed abroad.
+
+As I give you my real name, I hope you will not consider me as holding,
+or wishing to recommend, such opinions as are contained in the verses:
+and by way of protest, you will allow me to subscribe myself, your
+obedient servant,
+
+    PACIFICUS.
+
+
+"THE REBEL.
+
+"A New Song, or Balade, shewing the naughty conceits of Traytours; that
+all loial and true-hearted men may know and eschew the same.
+
+    "_They counte Peace to be cause of ydelnes, and that it maketh
+    men hodipekes and cowardes._"--Bp. Christopherson, _Exh. ag.
+    Rebel._ 1554.
+
+    "Tell me no more of Peace--
+      'Tis cowardice disguised;
+    The child of Fear and heartless Ease,
+      A thing to be despised.
+
+    "Let daffodills entwine
+      The seely Shepherd's brow,
+    A nobler wreath I'll win for mine,
+      The Lawrel's manly bough.
+
+    "May-garlands fitter shew
+      On swains who dream of Love;
+    And all their cherisance bestow
+      Upon the whining dove--
+
+    "I'll have no doves--not I--
+      Their softness is disgrace;
+    I love the Eagle's lightning eye,
+      That stares in Phæbus' face.
+
+    "I mark'd that noble thing                                      {35}
+      Bound on his upward flight,
+    Scatter the clouds with mighty wing,
+      And breast the tide of light--
+
+    "And scorn'd the things that creep
+      Prone-visaged on the Earth;
+    To eat it's fruits, to play, to sleep,
+      The purpose of their birth.
+
+    "Such softlings take delight
+      In Cynthia's sickly beam--
+    Give me a heav'n of coal black night
+      Slash'd with the watch-fire gleam.
+
+    "They doat upon the lute,
+      The cittern and the lyre--
+    Such sounds mine eare do little sute,
+      They match not my desire.
+
+    "The trumpet-blast--let it come
+      In shrieks on the fitful gale,
+    The charger's hoof beat time to the drum,
+      And the clank of the rider's mail.
+
+    "Not for the heaps untold
+      That swell the Miser's hoard,
+    I claim the birthright of the bold,
+      The dowry of the Sword--
+
+    "Nor yet the gilded gem
+      That coronets the slave--
+    I clutch the spectre-diadem
+      That marshals on the brave.
+
+    "For that--be Sin and Woe--
+      All priests and women tell--
+    Be Fire and Sword--I pass not tho'
+      This Earth be made a Hell.
+
+    "Above the rest to shine
+      Is all in all to me--
+    It is, unto a soul like mine,
+      To be or not to be.
+
+    "Printed with Permission of Superiours: And are to be had of the
+    Printer, at his House hard by the sign of the Squirrel,
+    over-against the way that leadeth to the Quay."
+
+P.S. Query, What is a "hodipeke?" Is it a "hypocrite?" and should not
+"Phæbus," in the fourth verse, be "Phoebus?"
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE HIPPOPOTAMUS.
+
+The earliest mention of the hippopotamus is in Herodotus, who in ii. 71.
+gives a detailed description of this inhabitant of the Nile. He is
+stated by Porphyry to have borrowed this description from his
+predecessor Hecatæus (Frag. 292. ap. _Hist. Gr. Fragm._, vol. i. ed.
+Didot). Herodotus, however, had doubtless obtained his account of the
+hippopotamus during his visit to Egypt. Cuvier (_Trad. de Pline_, par
+Grandsagne, tom. vi. p. 444.) remarks that the description is only
+accurate as to the teeth and the skin; but that it is erroneous as to
+the size, the feet, the tail and mane, and the nose. He wonders,
+therefore, that it should have been repeated, with few corrections or
+additions, by Aristotle (_Hist. An._, ii. 1. and 7.; viii. 24.) and
+Diodorus (i. 35.). Compare Camus, _Notes sur l'Histoire des Animaux
+d'Aristote_, p. 418.
+
+None of the Greek writers appear to have seen a live hippopotamus; nor
+is there any account of a live animal of this species having been
+brought to Greece, like the live tiger which Seleucus sent to Athens.
+According to Pliny (_H. N._, viii. 40.) and Ammianus Marcellinus (xxii.
+15.), the Romans first saw this animal in the celebrated edileship of
+Æmilius Scaurus, 58 B.C., when a hippopotamus and five crocodiles were
+exhibited at the games, in a temporary canal. Dio Cassius, however,
+states that Augustus Cæsar first exhibited a rhinoceros and a
+hippopotamus to the Roman people in the year 29 B.C. (li. 22.) Some
+crocodiles and hippopotami, together with other exotic animals, were
+afterwards exhibited in the games at Rome in the time of Antoninus Pius
+(A.D. 138-80. See Jul. Capitolin. in _Anton. Pio_, c. 10.) and Commodus,
+against his various exploits of animal warfare in the amphitheatre, slew
+as many as five hippopotami (A.D. 180-92. See Dio Cass. lxxii. 10. and
+19.; and Gibbon, c. 4.). Firmus, an Egyptian pretender to the empire in
+the time of Aurelian, 273 A.D., once rode on the back of a hippopotamus
+(Flav. Vopiscus, in _Firmo_, c. 6.): but this feat was probably
+performed at Alexandria.
+
+The hippopotamus being an inhabitant of the Upper Nile, was imperfectly
+known to the ancients. Fabulous anecdotes of its habits are recounted by
+Pliny, _H. N._, viii. 39, 40., and by Ælian, _De Nat. An._, v. 53. vii.
+19. Achilles Tatius, who wrote as late as the latter half of the fifth
+century of our era, says that it breathes fire and smoke (iv. 2.); while
+Damascius, who was nearly his contemporary says that the hippopotamus is
+an unjust animal, and represents Injustice in the hieroglyphic writing;
+because it first kills its father and then violates its mother (ap.
+Phot. _Bibl._ cod. 242., p. 322., b. 36. ed. Bekker.).
+
+Strabo (xv. 1.) and Arrian (_Ind._, c. 6.) say that the products of the
+Indian rivers are similar to those of Ethiopia and Egypt, with the
+exception of the hippopotamus. They add, however, that according to
+Onesicritus, even this exception did not exist: for that the
+hippopotamus was found in the rivers of India. The report of Onesicritus
+was doubtless erroneous.
+
+Herodotus, Aristotle, and the other Greek writers constantly call this
+animal ~hippos potamios~. The Latin writers use the improper compound
+_hippo-potamus_; which, according to the ordinary rule of Greek
+composition, means, not a _river-horse_, but a _horse-river_. The only
+Greek writer in whom I have found the compound word ~hippopotamos~ is
+Damascius, who wrote in the sixth century. Achilles Tatius, who lived
+about the same time, calls the animal ~hippos tou Neilou~, which is, he
+says, its Egyptian name. It seems probable that the word _hippopotamus_
+is a Roman corruption of the Greek substantive and adjective, and   {36}
+is not a proper Greek word. Why this animal was called a horse is not
+evident. In shape and appearance it resembles a gigantic hog. Buffon
+says that its name was derived from its _neighing_ like a horse
+(_Quad._, tom. v., p. 165.). But query whether this is the fact?
+
+Bochart (_Hierozoicon_, P. ii., lib. v., c. 15, 16.) identifies the
+"behemoth" of Job (c. 40.) with the hippopotamus, and the "leviathan"
+with the crocodile. This view seems to be generally adopted by modern
+commentators. (See Winer, _Bibl. Real-Wörterbuch_, art. "Nilpferd.")
+
+A _Historia Hippopotami veterum Critica_, by J. G. Schneider, is
+appended to his edition of _Artedi Synonymia Piscium_, p. 247.
+
+The accounts of the hippopotamus since the revival of letters, beginning
+with that published by Federigo Zerenghi, a Neapolitan surgeon, in 1603
+(see Buffon), appear to have been all derived from dead specimens, or
+from the reports of travellers in Africa. Query, Has there been a live
+hippopotamus in Europe since the reign of Commodus, with the exception
+of the young animal now in the Zoological Gardens in the Regent's Park?
+
+    L.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+FOLK LORE.
+
+_Folk Lore of South Northamptonshire._
+
+_Charming._--There are few villages in this district which are not able
+to boast a professor of the healing art, in the person of an old woman
+who pretends to the power of curing diseases by "charming;" and at the
+present day, in spite of coroners' inquests and parish officers, a
+belief in the efficacy of these remedies appears to be undiminished. Two
+preliminaries are given, as necessary to be strictly observed, in order
+to ensure a perfect cure. First, that the person to be operated upon
+comes with a full and earnest belief that a cure _will_ be effected;
+and, secondly, that the phrases "please" and "thank you" do not occur
+during the transaction. The established formula consists in the
+charmer's crossing the part affected, and whispering over it certain
+mysterious words--doubtless varied according to the disorder, but the
+import of which I have never been able to learn; for as there is a very
+prevalent notion that, if once disclosed, they would immediately lose
+their virtue, the possessors are generally proof against persuasion or
+bribery. In some cases it is customary for the charmer to "bless" or
+hallow cords, or leathern thongs, which are given to the invalids to be
+worn round the neck. An old woman living at a village near Brackley has
+acquired a more than ordinary renown for the cure of agues by this
+means. According to her own account, she received the secret from the
+dying lips of her mother; who, in her turn, is said to have received it
+from her's. As this old dame is upwards of ninety, and still refuses to
+part with her charm, the probability of it perishing with her, forms a
+constant theme of lamentation among her gossips. It must not be imagined
+that these ignorant people make a trade of their supposed art. On the
+contrary, it is believed that any offer of pecuniary remuneration would
+at once break the spell, and render the charm of no avail; and though it
+must be admitted that the influence and position naturally accruing to
+the possessor of such attributes, affords a sufficient motive for
+imposture, yet I think, for the most part, they may be said to be the
+dupes of their own credulity, and as fully convinced of their own
+infallibility as can be the most credulous of their admirers.
+
+The following are a few of the more common traditionary charms (used
+without having recourse to the charmer) at present current among the
+rural population of this district.
+
+_Warts._--Take one of the large black snails, which are to be found
+during summer in every hedgerow, rub it over the wart, and then hang it
+on a thorn. This must be done nine nights successively, at the end of
+which times the wart will completely disappear. For as the snail,
+exposed to such cruel treatment, will gradually wither away, so it is
+believed the wart, being impregnated with its matter, will slowly do the
+same.
+
+_Wens._--After a criminal is dead, but still hanging, his hand must be
+rubbed thrice over the wen. (Vide _Brand_, vol iii. p. 153.) Many
+persons are still living who in their younger days have undergone the
+ceremony, always, they say, attended with complete success. On execution
+days at Northampton, numbers of sufferers used to congregate round the
+gallows, in order to receive the "dead-stroke," as it is termed. At the
+last execution which took place in that town, a very few only were
+operated upon, not so much in consequence of decrease of faith, as from
+the higher fee demanded by the hangman.
+
+_Epistaxis._--For stopping or preventing bleeding at the nose, a toad is
+killed by transfixing it with some sharp pointed instrument, after which
+it is inclosed in a little bag and suspended round the neck. The same
+charm is also occasionally used in cases of fever. The following passage
+From Sir K. Digby's _Discourse on Sympathy_ (Lond. 1658) may enlighten
+us as to the principle:--
+
+    "In time of common contagion, they use to carry about them the
+    powder of a toad, and sometimes a living toad or spider shut up
+    in a box; or else they carry arsnick, or some other venemous
+    substance, which _draws unto it the contagious air_, which
+    otherwise would infect the party." p. 77.
+
+_Another for the Same._--If it be a man who suffers, he asks a female to
+buy him a lace, (if a female she asks a man), without either giving
+money, saying what it is wanted for, or returning thanks when       {37}
+received. The lace so obtained must be worn round the neck for the space
+of nine days; at the expiration of which, it is said, the patient will
+experience no return of the disorder.
+
+_Cramp._--We still retain such a high sense of the efficacy of the form
+of the cross, that in case of spasms, or that painful state of the feet
+in which they are said to "sleep," it is commonly used, under the
+impression that it mitigates, if not entirely allays, the pain. Warts
+are also charmed away by crossing them with elder sticks: and a very
+common charm for the cramp consists in the sufferer's always taking
+care, when he pulls off his shoes and stockings, to place them in such a
+position as to form a resemblance to the "holy sign."
+
+Another and very common charm resorted to for the cure of this painful
+disorder, consists in the wearing about the person the patella of a
+sheep or lamb, here known as the "cramp-bone." This is worn as near the
+skin as possible, and at night is laid under the pillow. One instance of
+a _human_ patella being thus used has come under my notice, but I
+believe this to be by no means common.
+
+_Toothache._--Few ailments have more charms for its cure than this. In
+point of efficacy none are reckoned better than a tooth taken from the
+mouth of a corpse, which is often enveloped in a little bag, and hung
+round the neck. A double nut is also sometimes worn in the pocket for
+the same purpose.
+
+_Hooping-cough._--A small quantity of hair is taken frown the nape of
+the child's neck, rolled up in a piece of meat, and given to a dog, in
+the firm belief that the disease thereby becomes transferred to the
+animal. A friend informs me that the same charm is well known in
+Gloucestershire.
+
+_Rheumatism._--The right forefoot of a hare, worn constantly in the
+pocket, is considered a fine amulet against the "rheumatiz."
+
+_West._--In order to be rid of the painful tumour on the eyelid,
+provincially known as the _west_ or _sty_, it is customary for the
+sufferer, on the first night of the new moon, to procure the tail of a
+black cat, and after pulling from it one hair, rub the tip _nine_ times
+over the pustule. As this has a very cabalistic look, and is moreover
+frequently attended with sundry severe scratches, a gold ring is found
+to be a much more harmless substitute; and as it is said to be equally
+beneficial with the former, it is now more commonly used. This
+superstition is alluded to by Beaumont and Fletcher, _Mad Lovers_, v.
+4.:--
+
+    "---- I have a _sty_ here, Chilax.
+
+  _Chi._ I have no gold to cure it, not a penny."
+
+_Thorn._--The following word charm is used to prevent a thorn from
+festering:--
+
+    "Our Saviour was of a virgin born,
+    His head was crowned with a crown of thorn;
+    It never canker'd nor fester'd at all,
+    And I hope in Christ Jesus this never shaull [shall]."
+
+This will remind the reader of the one given by Pepys, vol. ii. p. 415.
+
+    T. S.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+BRASICHELLEN AND SERPILIUS--EXPURGATORY INDEX.
+
+I have a note, and should be glad to put a query, on the subject of a
+small octavo volume, of which the title is, "Indicis Librorum
+Expurgandorum, in studiosorum gratiam confecti, tomus primus; in quo
+quinquaginta auctorum libri præ cæteris desiderati emendantur. Per Fr.
+Io. Mariam Brasichellensem, sacri Palatii Apostolici Magistrum, in unum
+corpus redactus, et publicæ commoditati editus. Superiorum permissu,
+Romæ, 1607." Speaking of this index, Mendham says:--
+
+    "We now advance to perhaps the most extraordinary and scarcest
+    of all this class of publications. It is the first, and last,
+    and incomplete Expurgatory Index, which Rome herself has
+    ventured to present to the world, and which, soon after the deed
+    was done, she condemned and withdrew.... After a selection of
+    some of the rules in the last edition of the Expurgatory Index,
+    the editor in his address informs the reader, that,
+    understanding the expurgation of books to be not the least
+    important part of his office, and wishing to make books more
+    accessible to students than they were without expurgation, he
+    had availed himself of the labours of his predecessors, and,
+    adding his own, issued the present volume, intending that a
+    second, which was in great readiness, should quickly follow;
+    (but, alas! it was not allowed so to do). Dated Rome, from the
+    Apostolic Palace, 1607.... Nothing more remains on the subject
+    of this Index, than to report what is contained in the
+    inaccessible work of Zobelius, _Notitia Indicis_, &c., but
+    repeated from by Struvius or Ingler, his editor, in the
+    _Bibliotheca Hist. Lit._--that Brasichellen or Guanzellus was
+    assisted in the work by Thomas Malvenda, a Dominican; that
+    another edition was printed at Bergomi in 1608; that when a
+    fresh one was in preparation at Antwerp in 1612, it was
+    suppressed; and that, finally, the author, like Montanus, found
+    his place in a future index."
+
+The second volume promised never appeared. The work, however, became
+exceedingly scarce; which induced Serpilius, a priest of Ratisbon, in
+1723, to print an edition so closely resembling the original, as to
+admit of its being represented as the same. The imposition, however,
+being detected, another edition was prepared by Hesselius, a printer of
+Altorf, in 1745; and then the remaining copies of the former threw off
+their mask, and appeared with a new title-page as a second edition. The
+original and counterfeit editions of this peculiar work are sufficiently
+alike to deceive any person, who should not examine them in literal
+juxtaposition; but upon such examination, the deception is easily
+apparent. The one, however, may be fairly considered as a           {38}
+fac-simile of the other. (See the Rev. Joseph Mendham's _Literary Policy
+of the Church of Rome exhibited_, &c., chap. iii. pp. 116-128.) Mendham
+adds, that "there is a copy of the original edition" of this index "in
+the Bodleian Library, Oxford," presented to Sir Thomas Bodley by the
+Earl of Essex, together with the Belgic, Portuguese, Spanish and
+Neapolitan Indices, all which originally belonged to the library of
+Jerom Osorius, but had become part of the spoil of the expedition
+against Cadiz in 1596. I am acquainted with the Bodleian copy of the
+original edition of this rare work; but I wish to put the Query--Where
+is a copy of the _counterfeit edition_ of Serpilius to be seen, either
+with its original title-page, or as it appeared afterwards, when the
+mask was thrown off? I am not aware that any one of our public libraries
+(rich as several of them are in such treasures) contains a copy of this
+curious little impostor.
+
+    J. SANSOM.
+
+8. Park Place, Oxford, May 29. 1850.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Queries
+
+
+SIR GEORGE BUC.
+
+Can any of your readers inform me on what authority Sir George Buc, the
+poet, and Master of the Revels in the reign of James I., is recorded by
+his biographers to have been a native of Lincolnshire, and to have died
+in 1623? In the _Biogr. Britann._, and repeated by Chalmers, it is
+stated that he was born in Lincolnshire, in the sixteenth century,
+descended from the Bucs, or Buckes, of West Stanton and Herthill, in
+Yorkshire, and Melford Hall, in Suffolk, and knighted by James I. the
+day before his coronation, July 13, 1603. Mr. Collier, in his _Annals of
+the Stage_, vol. i., p. 374, says, that on the death of Edmund Tylney,
+in October, 1610, he succeeded him as Master of the Revels, and wrote
+his Treatise on the Office of the Revels prior to 1615. He also says,--
+
+    "In the spring of 1622, Sir George Buc appears to have been so
+    ill and infirm, as to be unable to discharge the duties of his
+    situation, and on the 2nd of May in that year, a patent was made
+    out, appointing Sir John Astley Master of the Revels."--_Biogr.
+    Britann._, p. 419.
+
+Ritson says that he died in 1623. Chalmers supposed his death to have
+happened soon after 1622, and states that he certainly died before
+August 1629.
+
+My reason for making these inquiries is, that I have in my possession a
+4to. manuscript volume, believed to be in the handwriting of this Sir
+George Buc, which is quite at variance with these statements in several
+particulars. The volume which is without a date in any part, and has
+only the initials of the author, is entitled _The Famous History of
+Saint George, England's brave Champion. Translated into Verse, and
+enlarged. The three first Chapters by G. B. His first Edition._ It is
+extended to nineteen chapters, and comprehends also the histories of the
+other six champions, as well as that of St. George. It is contained in a
+thick 4to. volume of 524 closely written pages, in Russia, and was
+formerly in the collection of the Duke of Roxburghe, whose arms are on
+the sides; and afterwards in that of Mr. Heber. This MS. is entirely in
+the handwriting of Sir George Buc, as prepared by him for publication.
+The initials "G. B." correspond with those of his name, and the
+handwriting, having been compared, is found to be exactly similar to a
+MS. inscription, in Sir George Buc's handwriting, prefixed to a copy of
+his poem ~Daphnis Polustephanos~, 4to., 1605, presented by him to
+Lord Chancellor Ellesmere, and preserved at Bridgewater House; a
+fac-simile of which is given by Mr. Collier in his privately printed
+catalogue of that library, p. 41.
+
+The volume commences with a sort of metrical preface, entitled _The
+Muse's Apologie_, in which he says,--
+
+    "Consider that my Muse is aged growne,
+    Whose pilgrimage to _seventy-six is knowne_."
+
+And again:--
+
+    "Thy nimble steps to _Norfolk_ none forbeare,
+      I'm confident thou shalt be welcom'd there,
+    Where that thy autor _hee was bred and borne_,
+      Though to Parnassus Girles was never sworne."
+
+The work is dedicated "To the vertuous Lady and his most honoured
+friend, the Lady Bacon, at Readgrave Hall, in Suffolk, wife to S^r
+Edmond Bacon, Prime Baronett of England," commencing thus:--
+
+    "Faire madam,--Having nothing at present, I thought was fitt
+    (_living at so far distance_) to present to y^r ladyship,"
+    &c.
+
+The distance here alluded to was probably caused by the author's
+residence in London at that time. This is followed by some lines "To the
+Courteous Reader," beginning,--
+
+    "Some certaine Gentlemen did mee ingage
+      To publish forth this work, done in myne age
+    That this, my aged act, it may survive
+      My funerall and keep me still alive."
+
+and by others, entitled "The Autor," signed "Vale, G. B.;" after which
+are added the following lines:--
+
+    "Some Poets they are poore, and so am I,
+      _Except I bee reliev'd in Chancery_;
+    I scorne to begg, my pen nere us'd the trade,
+      This book to please my friends is only made,
+    Which is performed by my aged quill,
+      For to extend my country my good will.
+    Let not my country think I took this paynes
+      In expectation of any gaines."
+
+We know from Mr. Collier's Bridgewater Catalogue, that Sir George Buc
+had been indebted to Lord Ellesmere for certain favours shown him,  {39}
+probably in some Chancery suit, to which he here seems to allude, as if
+still suffering in his pocket from its ill consequences.
+
+My first quotation from the poem itself is one of some importance, as
+serving to show the probable time at which it was written. On the
+reverse of fol. 9., at the commencement of the poem, an allusion is thus
+made to the destruction of Troy:--
+
+    "And wasted all the buildings of the king,
+      Which unto Priamus did glory bring,
+    Destroy'd his pallaces, the cittie graces,
+      And all the lusters of his royall places,
+    _Just as Noll Cromewell in this iland did,
+      For his reward at Tiburne buried._"
+
+So also, again, on the reverse of fol. 11., in reference to the abuses
+and profanations committed by Cromwell's soldiery in St. Paul's
+Cathedral, he says:--
+
+    "Pittie it were this faberick should fall
+      Into decay, derives its name from Paul,
+    _But yet of late it suffered vile abuses,
+      Was made a stable for all traytors' uses_,
+    Had better burnt it down for an example,
+      As Herostratus did Diana's temple."
+
+And again, at the commencement of the eighth chapter, fol. 104.:--
+
+    "In this discourse, my Muse doth here intend,
+      The honor of Saint Patrick to defend,
+    And speake of his adventrous accidents,
+      Of his brave fortunes, and their brave events,
+    That if her pen were made of _Cromwell's rump_,
+      Yet she should weare it to the very stump."
+
+At the end of the poem he again alludes to his great age, and to the
+time which had been occupied in writing it, and also promised, if his
+life should be prolonged, a second part, in continuation, which,
+however, appears never to have been accomplished:--
+
+    "My Muse wants eloquence and retoricke,
+      For to describe it more scollerlike,
+    And doth crave pardon for hir bold adventure,
+      When that upon these subjects she did enter.
+    'Tis eight months since this first booke was begun,
+      Come, Muse, breake off, high time 'tis to adone.
+    Travell no further in these martiall straines,
+      Till we know what will please us for our paines.
+    I know thy will is forward to performe,
+      What age doth now deny thy quill t' adorne,
+    Whose age is _seventy-sixe, compleat in yeares_,
+      Which in the Regester at large appeares."
+            &c. &c. &c. &c.
+
+Cromwell died Sept. 3. 1658, and was interred in Westminster Abbey; but
+his bones were not removed and buried at Tyburn till the 30th of
+January, 1660; very soon after which it is most probable that this poem
+was written. Now if the author was, as he says, seventy-six at this
+time, he must have been born about 1583 or 1584, which will rightly
+correspond with the account given by Chalmers and others; and thus he
+would be about twenty-two or twenty-three years of age when he wrote his
+first poem of ~Daphnis Polustephanos~, and twenty-seven when he
+succeeded to the office of Master of the Revels. There appears to be no
+reason for supposing, with Ritson, that _The Great Plantagenet_, which
+was the second edition of that poem, and published in 1635, was done "by
+some fellow who assumed his name;" but that the variations, which are
+very considerable, were made by the author himself, and printed in his
+lifetime. The Dedication to Sir John Finch, Lord Chief Justice of the
+Common Pleas, signed "George Buck," and written exactly in his style;
+the three sets of commendatory verses addressed to the author by O.
+Rourke, Robert Codrington, and George Bradley, not in the first edition
+of the poem "Upon King Henrie the Second, the first Plantagenet of
+England," &c., added to this impression; all tend to show that the
+author was then living in 1635. We learn by the above quotations from
+his MS. poem, that his days were further prolonged till 1660.
+
+Perhaps some of your numerous readers may be able to discover some
+corroborative proofs of this statement from other sources, and will be
+kind enough to favour me, through your paper, with any evidence which
+may occur to then, bearing upon the subject of my inquiries.
+
+    THOMAS CORSER.
+
+Stand Rectory.
+
+
+COSAS DE ESPAÑA.
+
+The things of Spain are peculiar to a proverb, but they are not so
+exclusively national but we may find some connection with them in things
+of our own country. Any information from readers of NOTES AND QUERIES,
+on a few Spanish things which I have long sought for in vain, would
+prove most acceptable and useful to me.
+
+1. In _Catalogi Librorum Manuscriptorum, Angliæ et Hiberniæ_, &c., under
+"Library of Westminster Abbey," at p. 29., I find mentioned the
+following MS.: _Una Resposal del Reverend Padre Thomaso Cranmero_. It is
+not now in that library--is it in any other? I suppose it may be a
+translation, made by Francisco Dryander or Enzinas, translator of the
+Spanish New Testament, 1543, of--"An Answer by the Right Rev. Father in
+God, Thomas, Abp. of Canterbury, unto a crafty and sophistical
+cavillation devised by Stephen Gardener," &c. Dryander came to this
+country with Bucer, recommended to Cranmer by Melancthon, and resided
+two months in the Archbishop's house before he went to Cambridge to
+lecture in Greek.
+
+2. Ferdinando de Tereda, a Spanish Protestant, came to this country in
+1620. The Lord Keeper Williams took him into his house to learn Spanish
+of him, in order to treat personally with the Spanish ambassador about
+the marriage of Prince Charles and the Infanta. At this instance,   {40}
+Tereda translated the English Liturgy into Spanish (1623), and was
+repaid by presentation to a prebend at Hereford. On the death of James,
+in 1625, he left, as he says, the Court, before the Court left him, and
+retired to Hereford. Here he adds: "I composed a large volume _De
+Monachatu_, in Latin; another _De Contradictionibus Doctrinæ Ecclesiæ
+Romanæ_, in the same language; and a third, entitled _Carrascon_, also
+in Latin." In 1631-2 he vacated his prebend, and went, I conjecture, to
+Holland, where he printed _Carrascon_ in _Spanish_ (1633), being a
+selection from the Latin. In the preface to this, which recently had
+been reprinted, he proposed to print the other works which he had
+prepared, if the Spanish _Carrascon_ brought him "good news." Do his
+Latin works exist either in print or in manuscript?
+
+3. Juan de Nicholas y Sacharles was another Spanish Protestant, who came
+to this country in 1618. He translated the _Bouclier de la Foi_, by P.
+Moulin, into Spanish; he presented it, I conjecture in MS., to Prince
+Charles about the year 1620. Is such a MS. known to exist in any of our
+libraries?
+
+4. The recent _History of Spanish Literature_, by George Ticknor, has
+made us generally acquainted, that the author of the clever "Dialogo de
+las Lenguas," printed in _Origines de la Lengua Española_ by Gregorio
+Mayans y Siscar, was Juan de Valdes, to whom Italy and Spain herself
+owed the dawning light of the religious reformation which those
+countries received. Spaniards well informed in their own literature have
+of course been long aware of the authorship of the "Dialogo de las
+Lenguas." But few even of them are aware that Mayans y Siscar could not,
+even at so late a period, venture to reprint the work, as it was written
+by Juan de Valdes. He suppressed various passages, for the Inquisition
+was in his day too jealous and powerful for him to risk offence.
+Notwithstanding, and as _una cosa de España_, he printed a few copies
+privately, entire. Expurgated books are always unsatisfactory
+mutilations. Does any _Manuscript_ of the "Dialogo de las Lenguas" exist
+in this country, in any public or private library?
+
+    Wn.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CARTER'S DRAWINGS OF YORK CATHEDRAL.--MEDAL OF STUKELEY.
+
+I shall be glad to ascertain, if possible, through the medium of your
+columns, who is now the possessor of a volume of elaborate _Drawings of
+York Cathedral_, which were made by the late John Carter, F. S. A., for
+Sir Mark M. Sykes, Bart. Mr. Carter was paid a large sum on account of
+these drawings during the progress of his task, but after the death of
+the baronet, he demanded such an extravagant price that the executors
+declined to take the volume. At the sale of the artist's effects it was
+sold to Sir Gregory Page Turner, Bart., for 315_l._ It again came to the
+hammer, and was purchased by John Broadley, Esq., at whose sale it was
+disposed of for 100_l._ I cannot ascertain the purchaser on the last
+occasion, and am very desirous to learn where the drawings are now to be
+found.
+
+The same artist also prepared a series of drawings illustrative of
+English costume from the earliest period. This volume was executed for
+Thomas Lister Parker, Esq., but, like the former, has passed into the
+custody of other persons, and I am now ignorant of its possessor.
+
+I have not yet received any reply to my inquiry in Vol. i. p. 122.,
+respecting a large bronze medal of Dr. Stukeley, with a view of
+Stonehenge on the reverse, evidently executed soon after his decease. I
+believe it to be unique, but should be glad to know if dies were ever
+engraved from this design.
+
+    J. BRITTON.
+
+Burton Street, June 1. 1850.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Minor Queries.
+
+
+_"Imprest" and "Debenture."_--When a person fulfilling any employment
+under any of the Government Boards has occasion to draw "money on
+account," an "imprest," addressed to the pay-master under that Board, is
+issued for the required sum; but when the final payment is made upon the
+"closing of the account," the "debenture" takes the place of the
+"imprest." Out of what verbal raw material are these words manufactured?
+I know of no other use of the word "imprest" as a substantive; and
+though we see "debenture" often enough in railway reports, I cannot
+perceive the analogy between its meanings in the two cases.
+
+    D. V. S.
+
+Home, May 17.
+
+
+_Cosin's MSS._--Basire, in his _Brief of the Life, &c. of Bishop Cosin_,
+appended to his _Funeral Sermon_ (Lond. 1673, p. 69.), after noticing
+several MS. works of Cosin's, some of which have not yet seen the light,
+adds, "These remains are earnestly recommended to his pious executor's
+care for publication."
+
+Can any of your correspondents kindly inform me, who are the lineal
+representatives of Cosin's pious executor? Basire mentions three
+"imperfect" works of Bishop Cosin's in manuscript: viz. _Annales
+Eccles._, _Historia Conciliorum_, _Chronologia Sacra_. Is it known what
+has become of them? They appear to have fallen, with other MSS., into
+the hands of his executor.
+
+    J. SANSOM.
+
+
+_Barclay's Argenis._--What are the latest editions of this romance--the
+best, in Cowper's opinion, ever written, which Coleridge laments as
+being so little known, and which has been translated, I believe,    {41}
+into all the European languages? What are the principal as well as the
+latest _English_ translations?
+
+    JARTZBERG.
+
+
+_Clergy sold for Slaves._--Walker, in his _Sufferings of the Clergy_,
+says, "There was a project on foot to sell some of the most eminent" (of
+the masters of colleges, doctors in divinity, &c.) "to the Turks for
+slaves; and a considerable progress was made in that horrid purpose."
+And, writing of Dr. Ed. Layfield, under the head of "London Cathedrals,"
+Walker again says, that "at last, in the company of others, he was clapt
+on shipboard under hatches;" and that "they were threatened to be sold
+slaves to the Algerines, or to some of our own plantations." Again, it
+is recorded in Bishop Cosin's life, that by his will "he gave towards
+the redemption of Christian captives at Algiers, 500_l._; towards the
+relief of the distressed loyal party in England, 800_l._:"--upon which I
+should be glad to put a Query; viz., Is there sufficient ground for
+supposing, that any of the loyal party were really sold for slaves
+during the rebellion? If otherwise, will Cosin's bequest throw any light
+upon R. W. B.'s Query, vol. i., p. 441.?
+
+    J. SANSOM.
+
+
+_Meaning of Pallet._--About a mile from Hume Castle, on the Scotch
+border, is a rock hill, which is called Hume _Pallet_.
+
+The only other name of the kind in this district is Kilpallet, in the
+heart of the Lammermuir hills, on the borders of Berwickshire and East
+Lothian. There was at this latter place once a religious house of some
+kind, and a burying ground, now hardly visible.
+
+What is the meaning of the word _Pallet_?
+
+    J. S. Q.
+
+
+_Tobacco in the East._--Can any of your readers inform me whether
+tobacco is indigenous to any part of Asia? Also, whether the habit of
+smoking (opium or tobacco), now universal _over the East_, dates there
+from before the discovery of America? And if not, from what period?
+
+    Z. A. Z.
+
+
+_Stephanus Brulifer._--Can any of your correspondents kindly refer me to
+a library containing a copy of Stephanus Brulifer, in lib. iv. _Sentent.
+Seraphici Doctoris Bonaventuræ_, 8vo. Basil. 1507?
+
+    J. SANSOM.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Replies.
+
+
+ASINORUM SEPULTURA.
+
+To discover the origin of this phrase, your correspondent (Vol. ii., p.
+8-9.) need not go further than to his Bible.
+
+    "Sepultura asini sepelietur, putrefactus et projectus extra
+    portas Jerusalem."--_Jerem._ xxii. 19.: cf. xxxvi. 30.
+
+With regard to the extract given by Ducange, at the word "Imblocatus,"
+from a "vetus formula Excommunicationis præclara," it is evident that
+the expressions,--
+
+    "Sint cadavera eorum in escam volatilibus coeli, et bestiis
+    terræ, et non sint qui sepeliant eos,"
+
+have been derived from S. Jerome's Latin version from the Hebrew of
+Psal. lxxix. 2, 3.:
+
+    "Dederunt cadavera servorum tuorum escam volatilibus coeli;
+    carnes sanctorum tuorum bestiis terræ. Effuderunt sanguinem
+    eorum quasi aquam in circuitu Hierusalem, et non erat qui
+    sepeliret."--Vide Jacobi Fabri Stapulensis _Quincuplex
+    Psalterium_, fol. 116. b., Paris, 1513; Sabatier, tom. ii. p.
+    162. Ib. 1751.
+
+    R. G.
+
+The use of this term in the denunciation against Jehoiakim, more than
+six centuries B.C., and the previous enumeration of crimes in the 22nd
+chapter of Jeremiah, would seem sufficiently to account for its origin
+and use in regard to the disposal of the dead bodies of excommunicated
+or notorious malefactors, by the earliest Christian writers or judges.
+The Hebrew name of the ass, says Parkhurst, is "derived from its
+turbulence when excited by lust or rage;" and the animal was also made
+the symbol of slothful or inglorious ease, in the case of Issachar, B.C.
+1609: Genesis, xlix. 14. It is thus probable some reference to such
+characteristics of the brute and the criminal, rather than any mere
+general allusion to throwing the dead bodies of inferior or unclean
+animals (of which the dog was a more common type) under any rubbish
+beyond the precincts of the city, may have been intended, by specifying
+this animal in prescribing an ignominious sepulture.
+
+    LAMBA.
+
+It can hardly have escaped the notice of your Querist (although the
+instance is not one adduced by Ducange), that the phrase, "burial of an
+ass" #Kevurat Chamor# for "no burial at all," is as old as the time of
+the prophet Jeremiah. (Vide chap. xxii. 19.) The _custom_ referred to
+being of religious origin, might lead us to the sacred books for the
+origin of the _phrase_ denoting it; and it seems natural for the
+Christian writers, in any mention of those whose bodies, like that of
+Jehoiakim, were for their sins deprived of the rites of sepulture, to
+use the striking phrase already provided for them in Scripture; and as
+natural for that phrase to continue in use even after the somewhat more
+civilised custom of "imblocation" had deprived it of its original
+reference to "the dead body's being cast out in the day to the heat, and
+in the night to the frost." (Jer. xxxvi. 30.)
+
+    J. EASTWOOD.
+
+This phrase is, I think, accounted for by the ass being deprived of
+interment in consequence of the uses made of its dead carcass. After a
+description of the adaptation of his bones to instrumental music,
+Aldrovandus continues as follows:--
+
+    "De corio notissimum, post obitum, ne quid asini unquam         {42}
+    _conquiescat_, foraminibus delacerari, indeque factis cribris,
+    assiduæ inservire agitationi; unde dicebat Apuleius: cedentes
+    hinc inde miserum corium, nec cribris jam idoneum relinquunt.
+    Sed et Albertus pollicetur asinorum corium non solum utile esse
+    ad soleas calceorum faciendas, sed etiam quæ ex illa parte
+    fiunt, in qua onera fuerunt, non consumi, etsi ille qui utitur,
+    eis continuo peregrinando in lapidibus portaverit, et tandem ita
+    indurare ut pedes sustinere nequeant."--_De Quadruped._, p. 351.
+
+    T. J.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+POPE FELIX.
+
+Four Popes of the name have filled the chair of St. Peter.
+
+The first suffered martyrdom under Aurelian. He is honoured with a
+festival at Rome on the 29th May.
+
+The second also received the crown of martyrdom, under Constantine. His
+festival is kept on the 29th July.
+
+The third is commemorated as a holy confessor on the 25th February. He
+was a collateral ancestor of Pope St. Gregory the Great, who mentions
+him in his writings.
+
+Gregory had three aunts by the father's side, who all became nuns. One
+of them, Tarsilla, a lady of pious and beatified life, and of very
+advanced age, had one night a vision of Pope Felix, who was then dead.
+He seemed to point towards the mansions of eternal glory, and to invite
+her to enter. She soon after sickened, and her end visibly approached.
+While a number of her friends were standing around her couch, she
+suddenly exclaimed, looking upwards, "Stand aside, stand aside, Jesus is
+coming;" and with a look of ineffable love, she presently expired. This
+story is related by St. Gregory.
+
+This Pope is the best known of the four on account of his relationship
+to St. Gregory.
+
+The fourth of the name was also a confessor. His festival occurs on the
+30th January.
+
+    J. A. S.
+
+Edinburgh, May 27. 1850.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+REPLIES TO NUMISMATIC QUERIES.
+
+
+I beg to offer the following remarks in reply to the numismatic queries
+of E. S. T. (Vol. i., p. 468.):--
+
+1. I can only account for the Macedonian coin being struck in lead, by
+supposing it to be the work of an ancient forger.
+
+2. Third brass coins of Tiberius are not uncommon; I have one in my
+cabinet of the sort described. Obv. head of Tiberius, TI. CAESAR. DIVI.
+AVG. F. AVGVSTVS; Rev. the altar of Lyons, ROM. ET. AVG.
+
+3. The coin of Herennia Etruscilla is probably a base or plated
+denarius, the silver having been worn off. Silver coins sometimes
+acquire a black tarnish, so that they are not to be distinguished from
+brass without filing the edge, or steeping them in acid. If a genuine
+brass coin, it should have the S. C. for _Senatus Consultum_.
+
+4. The coin of Macrinus was struck at Antioch in Syria, of which famous
+city there exists a regular series of imperial coins from Augustus to
+Valerian. One in my possession has ~Delta~ above the S. C., and
+~Epsilon~ below for ~DÊMARCH. EXOUSIAS~, _Tribunitia Potestate_. May not
+these be the letters described by E. S. T. as L. C.?
+
+    J. C. WITTON.
+
+
+_Coins of Constantius II._--Can any numismatist kindly inform me by what
+marks the coins of Constantius II., the son of Constantine the Great,
+are distinguished from those of Constantius Gallus, his nephew? Mr.
+Akerman, in his _Rare and Inedited Roman Coins_, gives the following
+titles as common to both, but does not afford any rule for appropriating
+their coins:--
+
+  CONSTANTIVS. NOB. CAES.
+  FL. IVL. CONSTANTIVS. NOB. CAES.
+  D. N. CONSTANTIVS. NOB. C.
+  D. N. CONSTANTIVS. NOB. CAES.
+
+    J. C. WITTON.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+AS LAZY AS LUDLUM'S DOG.
+
+(Vol. i., p. 382.)
+
+I feel obliged by the extract from the _Doctor_ given by J. M. B. (Vol.
+i., p. 475.), though it only answers by a kind of implication the Query
+I proposed. That implication is, that, instead of Ludlum and his dog
+being personages of distinction in their own way and in their own day,
+the proverb itself is merely one framed on the principle of
+alliteration, and without precise or definite "meaning." This is very
+full of meaning, as anyone may convince himself by observing the active
+energy of every muscle of all dogs in the act of barking. What can
+typify "laziness" more emphatically than a dog that "lays him[self] down
+to bark?"
+
+A _jingle_ of some kind is essential to a proverb. If a phrase or
+expression have not this, it never "takes" with the masses; whilst,
+having this, and being capable of any possible and common application,
+it is sure to live, either as a proverb or a "saw," as the case may be.
+Alliteration and rhyme are amongst the most frequent of these "jingles;"
+and occasionally a "pun" supplies their place very effectively. We find
+these conditions fulfilled in the proverbs and saws of every people in
+the eastern and western world, alike in the remotest antiquity and in
+our own time. But are they therefore "without meaning?" Do not these
+qualities help to give them meaning, as well as to preserve them through
+their long and varied existence?
+
+But there is another principle equally essential to the constitution of
+a legitimate and lasting proverb; or rather two conjointly, _metre_ {43}
+and _euphony_. These may be traced in the proverb as completely as in
+the ballad; and precisely the same contrivances are employed to effect
+them in both cases where any ruggedness in the natural collocation of
+the words may present itself. For instance, change in the accent, the
+elision or the addition of a letter or syllable, the lengthening of a
+vowel, transposition, and a hundred other little artifices. The euphony
+itself, though sometimes a little imperfect, is also studied with the
+same kind of care in the older and purer proverbs of all languages.
+
+Attention to metre and euphony will generally enable us to assign,
+amongst the forms in which we pick up and note any particular proverb,
+the original and legitimate one; especially when combined with brevity
+and "pith." As a case in point, our friend Ludlum will serve our purpose
+for comparison. Who does not see at a glance, taking account of the
+principles which govern the construction of a proverb, that the
+Sheffield version, as I gave it, _must be_ more genuine than Southey's
+version, quoted by J. M. B.? Besides this, I may add, that a friend,
+whose early days were spent in Sheffield, has told, me (since the Query
+was proposed) that he has heard his mother tell some legend of "the fat
+Miss Ludlum." After all, therefore, the proverb may be founded on a fat
+old maid and her fat poodle. I can hardly, then, deem my inquiry
+answered.
+
+J. M. B. quotes two others from the _Doctor_; one for the purpose, as
+would appear by his marking the words, to illustrate the alliterative
+principle. The following are variations which I have heard:--"As proud
+as the cobbler's dog, that took [or _as_ took--the most general
+vernacular form, for the sake of euphony] the wall of a dung-cart, and
+got crushed for his pains." "As queer as Dick's hatband as went nine
+times round and wouldn't tie."
+
+On these I will only remark, that few persons would pronounce dung-cart
+as J. M. B. implies, even for alliteration; and, indeed, when so even
+marked to the eye, it is not without an effort that we can read
+accordingly. As to Dick's hatband, it is expressed in a peculiarly
+clumsy and round-about manner by Southey.
+
+One word more. J. M. B. quotes as a _proverb_--one of those without
+meaning--"As busy as Batty;" and says, "no one knows who Batty was."
+Surely, the inference that Batty was not a real personage in some
+distant age--that he was a mere myth--must be a _non sequitur_ from the
+premises before us. Perhaps Mr. Batty was a person of notable
+industry--perhaps remarkable for always beings in a "fluster"--perhaps
+the rural Paul Pry of his day and district. He has left, too, a large
+progeny; whether as regards the name alone, or whichever of the
+characters he bore.
+
+This jingle upon words partakes largely of the character of the _pun_.
+It, however, reminds me of a mode of speech which universally prevailed
+in the north of Lincolnshire thirty years ago, and which probably does
+so yet. A specimen will explain the whole:--"I'm as throng as throng."
+"He looks as black as black." "It's as wet as wet." I have heard this
+mode used so as to produce considerable emphasis; and it is more than
+possible, that some of the jingles have thus originated, and settled
+into proverbs, now without any obvious meaning, but originally very
+forcible ones.
+
+    D. V. S.
+
+Shooter's Hill, May 18.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Replies to Minor Queries.
+
+
+_Lord John Townshend's Poetical Works_ (Vol. ii., p. 9.)--were never, I
+believe, collected, nor indeed distinctly known, though they well
+deserve to be. He told me himself that he wrote "Jekyl," in what is
+called _The Rolliad_; and he mentioned some other of his contributions;
+but I did not _make a note_, and regret that I can say no more. Mr.
+Rogers or Lord Lansdowne might.
+
+    C.
+
+
+_When Easter ends._--Mr. H. Edwards, in this day's number (No. 31., p.
+9.), asks when Easter ends. I fancy this question is in some degree
+answered by remarking, that it, together with other festivals of the
+Church, viz. The Nativity, &c., are celebrated for eight days, which is
+the octave. The reason, says Wheatley, of its
+
+    "Being fixed to eight days, is taken from the practice of the
+    Jews, who, by God's appointment, observed the greater festivals,
+    some of them for seven days, and one, the Feast of Tabernacles,
+    for eight days. And therefore the Primitive Christians
+    lengthened out their higher feast to eight days."
+
+If this be true, Easter will end on the conclusion of the Sunday after
+Easter day; but whether our present Parliament is sufficiently Catholic
+to admit this, in the interpretation of the Act, is questionable.
+
+In the Spanish Church Easter continues till the feast of Whitsuntide is
+past; and during this period all fasts are forbidden.
+
+The Romish Church has ten high festivals having octaves.
+
+I trust this slight sketch may in some way help Mr. Edwards to a
+conclusion.
+
+    R. J. S.
+
+_When does Easter end?_ (Vol. ii., p. 9.).--In the case stated, at 12
+o'clock on the night of Easter Sunday.
+
+    C.
+
+
+_Holdsworth and Fuller._--In A. B. R.'s communication (Vol. i., p. 484.)
+some symptoms of inaccuracy must be noted before a satisfactory reply
+can be given to his Query.
+
+1. He has erred in adopting the spelling of Holdsworth's name (viz. {44}
+Holsworth) which appears in the title-page of _The Valley of Vision_. 2.
+This work is very incorrectly styled "the sermon," inasmuch as it
+consists of twenty-one sermons. 3. My copy bears date 1661, not 1651. 4.
+If Holdsworth's hand was "legible only to himself," we may sincerely
+commiserate the misfortune of his nephew, Dr. Richard Pearson, who had
+to prepare for the press 737 folio pages of his _Prælectiones
+Theologicæ_, &c.: Lond. 1661. 5. There is not the smallest reason for
+thinking it "probable" that Dean Holdsworth "preached other men's
+sermons." Respecting our great Caroline divines it would seldom have
+been right to say--
+
+    "Quos (Harpyiarum more)
+    Convectare juvat prædas, et vivere rapto."
+
+Now, as to what Dr. Holdsworth really wrote, and with regard to that for
+which he is not responsible, it is to be observed, that he was so averse
+to the publication of any of his works, that he printed but a single
+sermon (on Psalm cxliv. 15.), and that not until he had been three times
+urged to the task by his royal master King Charles I. The pagination of
+this discourse is quite distinct from that of the twenty unauthentic
+sermons which follow it in the quarto volume, and which commence at
+signature B. These are thus described by Dr. Pearson, _ad Lectorem_:
+"Cæteræ quæ prostant Anglicè venales, à prædone illo stenographico tam
+laceræ et elumbes, tam miserè deformatæ sunt, ut parum aut nihil
+agnoscas genii et spiritûs Holdsworthiani."
+
+    R. G.
+
+
+_Gookin_ (Vol. i., pp. 385, 473, 492.).--Vincent Gookin was nominated by
+Cromwell one of the six representatives of Ireland in the Barebones
+Parliament; and he was returned for Bandon and Kinsale (which together
+sent one member) in each of the three subsequent Cromwellian
+Parliaments.
+
+Lord Orrery, writing to the Duke of Ormond, June 15, 1666, speaks of
+Captain Robert Gooking, as one of the chief persons in the west of Cork
+county, and describes him as rich and having good brains, loyal, and
+ready to fight against French or Irish, as every thing he has depends on
+his new title. (Orrery's _State Letters_, ii. p. 13. Dublin edition.) A
+little further on (p. 43.), Lord Orrery names the same Robert Gooking as
+recommended by the chief gentlemen in the west of Cork to be captain of
+a troop of horse in the militia.
+
+    CH.
+
+
+"_Brozier_" (Vol. i., p. 485.), "_Sock_," "_Tick._"--I well remember the
+phrase, "brozier my dame," signifying to "eat her out of house and
+home." I had forgotten that a boy at Eton was "brozier," when he had
+spent all his pocket-money. As a supplemental note, however, to Lord
+Braybrooke's remarks upon this latter signification, I would remind old
+Etonians of a request that would sometimes slip out from one in a
+"broziered" state, viz. that a schoolfellow would _sock_ him, _i.e._
+treat him to _sock_ at the pastrycook's; and this favour was not
+unfrequently granted _on tick, i.e._ on credit with the purveyor of
+sweets.
+
+In reply to your noble correspondent's Query, I beg to say that
+Halliwell, in his _Dictionary of Archaic and Provincial Words_, both
+spells and defines thus: "Brosier. A bankrupt. _Chesh._" Mr. H. says no
+more; but this seems to decide that the word does not exclusively belong
+to Eton. I could have fancied that on such classic ground it might
+possibly have sprung from ~brôskô~, fut. ~-sô~, _to devour_.
+
+Is _sock_ only a corruption of _suck_, indicating a lollipop origin? or
+what is its real etymological root?
+
+Richardson most satisfactorily says, that to "go on _tick_" is to give a
+note or _ticket_ instead of payment.
+
+    ALFRED GATTY.
+
+Ecclesfield, May 27. 1850.
+
+This Eton phrase, the meaning of which is very correctly explained LORD
+BRAYBROOKE (Vol. i., p. 485.), appears to be connected with the Cheshire
+provincialism, which is thus interpreted in Wilbraham's _Cheshire
+Glossary_:--
+
+    "'Brosier, _s._ a bankrupt.' It is often used by boys at play,
+    when one of them has nothing further to stake."
+
+The noun _brosier_, as Mr. Wilbraham indicates, seems to be derived from
+the old word _brose_, or, as we now say, _bruise_. A _brosier_ would
+therefore mean a broken-down man, and therefore a bankrupt. The verb _to
+brosier_, as used at Eton, would easily be formed from the substantive.
+In the mediæval Latin, _ruptura_ and _ruptus_ were used to signify
+_bankruptcy_ and a _bankrupt_. See Duncange, _Gloss._ in vv.
+
+    ETONIENSIS.
+
+The word _brozier_, or (as I always heard it pronounced) _brosier_, does
+not, or did not exclusively belong to Eton. It was current at Hackney
+School, an establishment formerly on the site of the present Infant
+Orphan Asylum, and had the precise meaning attributed to it by Lord
+Braybrooke. It was used both as a verb and as a substantive, but of its
+origin and etymology I am ignorant. The last master of Hackney School
+was the Rev. Dr. Heathcote, who died, I believe, about 1820. The
+schoolhouse was a very large and a very old building. May I take this
+opportunity of asking if anything is known of its history? There was a
+tradition prevalent among the boys, that it had been an hospital in the
+time of the Plague.
+
+I recollect there was another singular word current at Hackney, viz.
+"buckhorse," for a smart box on the ear.                            {45}
+
+    C. M.
+
+    [Buckhorse was a celebrated bruiser, whose name has been
+    preserved in this designation of a blow, in the same way as that
+    of his successor "Belcher" has been in that of the peculiar
+    style of silk handkerchief which he always wore.]
+
+
+_Symbols of Four Evangelists._--Among the several replies to JARTZBERG'S
+Query (Vol. i., p. 385.), I do not observe any notice of Sir T. Brown's
+account of the symbols of the four Evangelists. I will therefore copy
+part of a note I have on the subject, though see it is unfortunately
+without any other reference than the _name_ of the author.
+
+After giving _Jonathan's_ opinion of the four principal or legionary
+standards among the Israelites, Sir T. Brown adds:
+
+    "But Abenegra and others, besides the colours of the field, do
+    set down other charges,--in Reuben's, the form of a man or
+    mandrake,--in that of Judah, a lion,--in Ephraim's, an ox; in
+    Dan's, the figure of an eagle. And thus, indeed, the four
+    figures in the banners of the principal squadrons of Israel are
+    answerable unto the Church in the vision of Ezekiel, every one
+    carrying the form of all these.... And conformable hereunto, the
+    pictures of the Evangelists (whose Gospels are the Christian
+    banners) are set forth with the addition of a man or angel, an
+    ox, a lion, and an eagle. And these symbolically represent the
+    office of angels and ministers of God's will, in whom is
+    required, understanding as in a man, courage and vivacity as in
+    a lion, service and ministerial officiousness as in the ox,
+    expedition or celerity of execution as in the eagle."
+
+    J. SANSOM.
+
+
+_Catacombs and Bone-houses_ (Vol. i. p. 171.).--Part I. of a _History of
+the Hundred of Rowell_ by Paul Cypher (published by J. Ginns, Rowell,)
+has recently fallen in my way, and as I understand the writer is a
+medical gentleman residing in the village (or town), I condense from the
+account of the "Bone Caverns," p. 39-42., such particulars as may answer
+the Query of Rev. A. Gatty.
+
+The number of skeletons, as is asserted by those who have taken the
+trouble to calculate, is 30,000. The vault in which they are deposited
+is a long cryptiform structure, with a low groined roof, and the bones
+are carefully packed in alternate strata of skulls, arms, legs, and so
+forth. They seem to have been discovered by a gravedigger about 150
+years since. Nothing is known with certainty respecting the date of this
+vast collection. Some conjecture that the remains here deposited are the
+consequence of a sanguinary battle in very early times, and profess to
+discover peculiarities in the osseous structure, showing a large
+proportion of the deceased to have been natives of a distant land; that
+all were in the prime of life; and that most of the skulls are
+fractured, as though with deadly weapons. Others, again, say they are
+the remains of the slain at Naseby.
+
+    "I have examined carefully and at leisure the crania, and can
+    discover none but the mesobreginate skulls common to these
+    islands.... I have discovered more than one skull, in which the
+    alveolar sockets were entirely absorbed,--an effect of age
+    rarely produced under eighty years, I should imagine. And as to
+    the marks of injury visible on some, they will be attributed, I
+    think, by the impartial observer, rather to the spade and foot
+    of the sexton, than the battle-axe and stout arm of the ancient
+    Briton."
+
+As to the supposition that these relics were brought from Naseby, it is
+sufficient to observe that the number of the slain in that engagement
+did not exceed one thousand.
+
+    "That most of these bodies were lying in the earth for a number
+    of years is proved, I think, by these several circumstances:
+    First, a careful examination of the interior of many of the
+    skulls, shows that roots have vegetated within them, the dry
+    fibres of which I have often observed; next, the teeth are
+    nearly all absent, and it is notoriously one of the first
+    effects of inhumation upon the osseous system, by which the
+    teeth are loosened; and lastly, we have two sources from which
+    bodies may have been exhumed and reinterred beneath the mother
+    church; and those are the Chapel of the Virgin and that moiety
+    of the original graveyard, which has evidently at some long
+    distant time, been taken from the church."
+
+Human bones have been dug up in front of Jesus Hospital, to the
+south-east of the church-yard. At the eastern extremity of the cavern is
+a rude sketch apparently intended to represent the Resurrection.
+
+    ARUN.
+
+
+_Tace Latin for a Candle_ (Vol. i., p. 385).--I am not aware of "Tace is
+Latin for a candle" in any earlier book than Swift's _Polite
+Conversation_; but it must have been threadbare in his time, or he would
+not have inserted it in that great collection of platitudes:--
+
+    "_Lord Smart._ Well, but after all, Tom, can you tell me what is
+    Latin for a goose?
+
+    "_Neverout._ O, my Lord, I know that; why, Brandy is Latin for a
+    goose, and _Tace_ is Latin for a candle."
+
+    H. B. C.
+
+
+_Members for Durham--why none prior to_ 1673-4 (Vol. ii., p.
+8.).--Because Durham was an episcopal palatine, which had jurisdictions,
+and even, in olden times, a Parliament of its own. Several bills were
+brought in between 1562 and 1673, to give M.P.'s to both county and
+city; but an act was only passed in the latter year. The first writ was
+moved, it is said, in 1675; but the first return is dated in Whitworth,
+1679. (Oldfield's _Parl. Hist._, iii. 425.)
+
+    C.
+
+
+"_A Frog he would_," _&c._--I am in my sixth decade, and pretty far on
+in it too; and I can recollect this jingle as long as I can recollect
+anything. It formed several stanzas (five or six at least), and had {46}
+its own tune. There was something peculiarly attractive and humorous to
+the unformed ear and mind in the ballad, (for as a ballad it was sung,)
+as I was wont to hear it. I can therefore personally vouch for its
+antiquity being half a century. But, beyond this, I must add, that my
+early days being spent in a remote provincial village (high up the
+Severn), and the ballad, as I shall call it, being _universally known_,
+I cannot help inferring that it is of considerable antiquity. Anything
+of then recent date could hardly be both generally known and universally
+popular in such a district and amongst such a people. Whether it had a
+local origin there or not, it would be difficult to say but I never
+heard it spoken of as having any special application to local persons or
+affairs. Of course there are only two ways of accounting for its
+popularity,--either its application, or its jingle of words and tune. If
+I may venture a "guess," it would be, that it had originally a political
+application, in some period when all men's minds were turned to some one
+great politico-religious question; and this, not unlikely, the period of
+the Cavaliers and Roundheads. We know how rife this kind of warfare was
+in that great struggle. Or again, it might be as old as the Reformation
+itself, and have a reference to Henry the Eighth and Anna Boleyn.
+
+    "The frog he would a-wooing go,
+    Whether his mother would let him or no,"
+
+would not inaptly represent the "wide-mouthed waddling frog"
+Henry--"mother church,"--and the "gleesome Anna" would be the "merry
+mouse in the mill." It may be worth the while of gentlemen conversant
+with the ballad literature and political squibs of both the periods here
+indicated, to notice any traces in other squibs and ballads of the same
+imagery that is employed in this. It would also be desirable, if
+possible, to get a complete copy of these verses. My own memory can only
+supply a part, or rather disjointed parts: but I think it probable that
+it may be easily obtained by persons resident in the counties bordering
+on North Wales, especially in Shropshire or Herefordshire, and perhaps
+in Cheshire or Staffordshire.
+
+I should not have thought of troubling you with my own reminiscences as
+an answer to an antiquarian question, but for the fact that even these
+go further back than any information that has been sent you.
+
+    T. S. D.
+
+Shooter's Hill, June 7.
+
+
+_Cavell_ (Vol. i., p. 473.).--To cast cavells, _i.e._ to cast lots, is
+in constant every-day use in Northumberland. The Teutonic derivation
+given is correct.
+
+    W.
+
+
+_To endeavour Ourselves--The Homilies._--Perhaps your correspondents G.
+P. (Vol. i., p 125.), and C. I. R. (Vol. i., p. 285) may, from the
+following passages, conclude that "ourselves", is the object of the verb
+"endeavour."
+
+    "He did this to this intent, 'that the whole clergy, in the mean
+    space, might apply themselves to prayer, not doubting but that
+    all his loving subjects would occupy themselves to God's honour,
+    and so endeavour themselves that they may be more ready,'" &c.
+    &c.--Heylin, _Hist. of the Reform. from an Act passed in Edward
+    VI.'s Reign_, 1548.
+
+    "Let us endeavour ourselves, both inwardly in our hearts, and
+    also outwardly with our bodies, diligently to exercise this
+    godly exercise of fasting."--_Homily on Fasting_ (end).
+
+    "Only show yourselves thankful in your lives, determine with
+    yourselves to refuse and avoid all such things in your
+    conversation as should offend his eyes of mercy. Endeavour
+    yourselves that way to rise up again, which way ye fell into the
+    well or pit of sin."--_Hom. on the Resur._ (near the end).
+
+    "From henceforth let us endeavour ourselves to walk in a new
+    life."--_Hom. of Repentance_, Pt. 2. (end).
+
+There are many other similar passages in the "Homilies". I have also
+noticed the following Latimer's Sermons:--
+
+    "The devil, with no less diligence, endeavoureth himself to let
+    and stop our prayers."--Vol. i. p. 829. Parker Soc. edit.
+
+    "Every patron, when he doth not diligently endeavor himself to
+    place a good and godly man in his benefice, shall make answer
+    before God."--Vol. ii. p. 28.
+
+    "Let them endeavour themselves." [I have forgotten the reference
+    in this case, but it is in vol. i.]
+
+    "How much, then, should we endeavour ourselves to make ready
+    towards this day, when it shall not be a money matter, but a
+    soul matter." (ii. p. 62)
+
+As I am engaged on a work on the "Homilies," I should feel very grateful
+for any allusions to them in writers between 1600 and 1650, and for any
+notices of their being read in churches during that period. Can any of
+your readers inform me where the fullest account may be found of the
+state of preaching in England prior to the Reformation?
+
+    THOMAS COX.
+
+Preston, May 25. 1850.
+
+
+_Three Dukes_ (Vol. ii., p. 9.).--The verses themselves called them
+"three _bastard_ dukes;" but the only bastard duke I can find at that
+time was the Duke of Monmouth; all the other creations of the king's
+bastards were subsequent to that date. And even if, by poetical licence
+or courtly anticipation, they could be called _dukes_, they were all too
+young to have any share in such a fray. I must further observe, that
+_Evelyn's Diary_ is silent as to any such events, though he is, about
+that time, justly indignant at the immoralities of the Court. The
+"park" referred to, but not named in the verses, is the             {47}
+disreputable place called "Whetstone Park," near Holborn.
+
+    C.
+
+
+_Christabel_ (Vol. i., p. 262.).--After a long hunt among Manx and
+Highland superstitions, I have just found that the passage I was in
+search of belongs to "the Debateable Land."
+
+    "'Reverend father,' replied Magdalen, 'hast thou never heard
+    that there are spirits powerful to rend the walls of a castle
+    asunder when once admitted, which yet _cannot enter the house
+    unless they are invited, nay, dragged over the threshold_? Twice
+    hath Roland Groeme been thus drawn into the household of Avenel
+    by those who now hold the title. Let them look to the
+    issue.'"--_The Abbot_, chap. 15., ad fin., _and note_.
+
+    C. FORBES.
+
+Temple, April 15.
+
+
+_Derivation of "Trianon"_ (Vol. i., p. 439.; vol. ii., p. 13.).--Your
+correspondent AREDJID KOOES is certainly right: Trianon was the _name of
+a village_, which formerly stood on the site of these two chateaux. (See
+Vatout, and all the histories of Versailles.) I would take this occasion
+of suggesting, that it is essential to the value of your work that your
+correspondents should be careful not to _lead_ us astray by mere
+_guesses_. What authority has your correspondent J. K. R. W. (Vol. ii.,
+p. 13.) for asserting that "_trianon_ is a word meaning a _pavilion_?"
+And if, as I believe, he has not the slightest, I appeal to him whether
+it is fair to the public to assert it so confidently.
+
+    C.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Miscellaneous.
+
+
+NOTES ON BOOKS, CATALOGUES, SALES, ETC.
+
+
+We recently called attention to Mr. Colburn's new Edition of _The Diary
+and Correspondence of John Evelyn_. We have now to announce from the
+same publisher an inedited work by Evelyn, entitled _The History of
+Religion_, to be printed from the original MS. in the Library at Wotton.
+The work, which it is said contains a condensed statement and
+investigation of the natural and scriptural evidences, is the result of
+an endeavour on Evelyn's part to satisfy himself amidst the startling
+manifestations of infidelity, fanaticism, and conflicting opinion by
+which he found himself surrounded.
+
+Sir Fortunatus Dwarris has just put forth a privately printed Letter to
+J. Payne Collier, Esq., in which he endeavours to solve the great
+political Query of George the Third's time. His pamphlet is called _Some
+new Facts and a Suggested New Theory as to the Authorship of the Letters
+of Junius_. Sir Fortunatus' theory, which he supports with a good deal
+of amusing illustration by way of proof, is, that Junius, to use the
+language of Mark Tapley, was "a Co.," "that the writer was one, but the
+abettors were many," that Sir Philip Francis was the head of the Firm,
+but that among the sleeping partners were Lords Temple, Chatham, and
+George Sackville, the three Burkes, Colonel Barré, Dyer, Loyd, Boyd, and
+others.
+
+It can scarcely be necessary to remind our Archæological friends that
+the Annual Meeting of the Institute at Oxford will commence on Tuesday
+next. The selection of Oxford as the place of meeting was a most happy
+one, and from the preparations which have been made, both by the Heads
+of Houses and the Managers of the Institute, there can be little doubt
+of the great success of this Oxford Congress of Archæologists.
+
+Messrs. Sotheby and Co. will commence on Monday, the 24th of this month,
+the Sale of the second portion of the valuable stock of Messrs. Payne
+and Foss, including an excellent collection of Classics, Philology,
+History, and Belles Lettres,--a recent purchase from the Library of a
+well-known collector,--and about fifteen hundred volumes bound by the
+most eminent binders. The sale of this portion will occupy nine days.
+
+We have received the following catalogues:--John Russell Smith (4. Old
+Compton Street), A Rider Catalogue of Second-hand Books; John Miller's
+(43. Chandos Street) Catalogue, No. 7. for 1850, of Books Old and New;
+William Heath's (29-1/2. Lincoln's Inn Fields) Select Catalogue of
+Second-hand Books; and Bernard Quaritch's (16. Castle Street, Leicester
+Square) Catalogue No. 17. of Books, comprising Architecture, Fine Arts,
+Dialects, and Languages of Europe and Asia; and Cole's (15. Great
+Turnstile) List No. XXVI. of very Cheap Second-hand Books.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES
+
+
+WANTED TO PURCHASE.
+
+(_In continuation of Lists in former Nos._)
+
+  ARCANA OF SCIENCE. 1829.
+  ANDREW STEWART'S LETTERS TO LORD MANSFIELD ON THE DOUGLAS CASE.
+      About 1793.
+  NEWMAN ON THE ARIANS.
+  LAWSON ON THE HEBREWS.
+  WESTPHALII MONUMENTA INEDITA RER. GERMANICARUM.
+  BIRCHERODIUS DE CORNIBUS ET CORNUTIS, 4to. Hafniæ.
+
+_Odd Volumes._
+
+    The first volume of THE WORKS OF ALEXANDER POPE, ESQ. London,
+    printed in the year 1772. No publisher named.
+
+    The third volume of THE WORKS OF SHAKSPEARE, in Ten Vols.
+    Edinburgh, printed by Marten and Wotherspoon. 1767.
+
+    Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_,
+    to be sent to Mr. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186.
+    Fleet Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Notices to Correspondents.
+
+CHAUCER'S TOMB. _Will_ J. W. P., _who has forwarded to us a contribution
+to the Restoration of Chaucer's Monument, favour us with his name and
+address?_
+
+TITLE-PAGE AND INDEX TO VOLUME THE FIRST. _The preparation of the Index
+with that fulness which can alone render it useful, has taken more time
+than was anticipated. It will, however, be ready very shortly._
+
+_Covers for the First Volume are preparing, and will be ready for
+Subscribers with the Title-Page and Index._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+NEW WORKS IN GENERAL LITERATURE                                     {48}
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+I.
+
+MEMOIRS OF THE DUKES OF URBINO (1440 to 1630). By JAMES DENNISTOUN, of
+Dennistoun. With numerous Portraits, Plates, Facsimiles, and Woodcuts. 3
+vols. square crown 8vo. 2l. 8s.
+
+II.
+
+SIR ROGER DE COVERLEY. From "The Spectator." With Notes, &c., by W. H.
+WILLIS; and Twelve fine Woodcuts from drawings by F. TAYLER. Crown 8vo.
+15s.; morocco, 27s.
+
+III.
+
+Mrs. JAMESON'S SACRED and LEGENDARY ART; or, LEGENDS of the SAINTS and
+MARTYRS. New Edition, complete in One Volume; with Etchings by the
+Author, and Woodcuts. Square crown 8vo. 28s.
+
+IV.
+
+Mrs. JAMESON'S LEGENDS OF THE SAINTS AND MARTYRS, as represented in the
+Fine Arts. With Etchings by the Author, and Woodcuts. Square crown 8vo.
+28s.
+
+V.
+
+THE CHURCH IN THE CATACOMBS: a Description of the Primitive Church of
+Rome. By CHARLES MAITLAND. New Edition, with Woodcuts. 8vo. 14s.
+
+VI.
+
+Mr. MACAULAY'S HISTORY OF ENGLAND, from the Accession of James II. New
+Edition. Vols. I. and II. 8vo. 32s.
+
+VII.
+
+JOHN COAD'S MEMORANDUM of the SUFFERINGS of the REBELS sentenced to
+Transportation by Judge Jeffreys. Square fcap. 8vo. 4s. 6d.
+
+VIII.
+
+AN INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH ANTIQUITIES. Intended as a Companion to the
+History of England. BY JAMES ECCLESTON. With many Wood Engravings. 8vo.
+12s.
+
+IX.
+
+Mr. A. RICH'S ILLUSTRATED COMPANION to the LATIN DICTIONARY and GREEK
+LEXICON. With about 2,000 Woodcuts, from the Antique. Post 8vo. 21s.
+
+X.
+
+MAUNDER'S TREASURY OF KNOWLEDGE and LIBRARY of REFERENCE: a Compendium
+of Universal Knowledge. New Edition. Fcap. 8vo. 10s.; bound 12s.
+
+XI.
+
+MAUNDER'S BIOGRAPHICAL TREASURY; a New Dictionary of Ancient and Modern
+Biography; comprising about 12,000 Memoirs. New Edition, with
+Supplement. Fcap. 8vo. 10s.; bound, 12s.
+
+XII.
+
+MAUNDER'S SCIENTIFIC AND LITERARY TREASURY: a copious portable
+Encyclopædia of Science and the Belles Lettres. New Edition. Fcap. 8vo.
+10s.; bound, 12s.
+
+XIII.
+
+MAUNDER'S HISTORICAL TREASURY: comprising an Outline of General History,
+and a separate History of every Nation. New Edition. Fcap. 8vo. 10s.;
+bound, 12s.
+
+XIV.
+
+MAUNDER'S TREASURY OF NATURAL HISTORY, or, a Popular Dictionary of
+Animated Nature. New Edition; with 900 Woodcuts. Fcap. 8vo. 10s.; bound,
+12s.
+
+XV.
+
+SOUTHEY'S COMMON-PLACE BOOK. FIRST SERIES--CHOICE PASSAGES, &c. SECOND
+EDITION, with Medallion Portrait. Square crown 8vo. 18s.
+
+XVI.
+
+SOUTHEY'S COMMON-PLACE BOOK. SECOND SERIES--SPECIAL COLLECTIONS. Edited
+by the REV. J. W. WARTER, B.D., the Author's Son-in-Law. Square crown
+8vo. 18s.
+
+XVII.
+
+SOUTHEY'S COMMON-PLACE BOOK. THIRD SERIES--ANALYTICAL READINGS. Edited
+by Mr. SOUTHEY's Son-in-Law, the Rev. J. W. WARTER, B.D. Square crown
+8vo. 21s.
+
+XVIII.
+
+SOUTHEY'S COMMON-PLACE BOOK. FOURTH AND CONCLUDING SERIES--ORIGINAL
+MEMORANDA, &c. Edited by the Rev. J. W. WARTER, B.D., Mr. SOUTHEY'S
+Son-in-Law. Square crown 8vo. [Nearly Ready.]
+
+XIX.
+
+SOUTHEY'S THE DOCTOR. &c. Complete in One Volume, with Portrait, Bust,
+Vignette, and coloured Plate. Edited by the Rev. J. W. WARTER, B.D., the
+Author's Son-in-Law. Square crown 8vo. 21s.
+
+XX.
+
+SOUTHEY'S LIFE and CORRESPONDENCE. Edited by his Son, the Rev. C. C.
+SOUTHEY, M.A.; with Portraits and Landscape Illustrations. 6 vols. post
+8vo. 63s.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+LONDON:
+
+LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, AND LONGMANS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. New
+Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and
+published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St.
+Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet
+Street aforesaid.--Saturday, June 15. 1850.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 33,  June
+15, 1850, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES, QUERIES, JUNE 15, 1850. ***
+
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+      The Project Gutenberg eBook of Notes and Queries, Issue 33.
+    </title>
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+
+
+<pre>
+
+Project Gutenberg's Notes and Queries, Number 33,  June 15, 1850, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Notes and Queries, Number 33,  June 15, 1850
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: July 24, 2008 [EBook #26121]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES, QUERIES, JUNE 15, 1850. ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, V. L. Simpson
+and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images
+generously made available by The Internet Library of Early
+Journals.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+
+<p class='tnote'>Transcriber's Note:<br />
+This text contains Greek <span lang='el' title='ky&ocirc;n'>&#954;&#965;&#969;&#957;</span> and Hebrew <span lang='he' title='lamed'>&#1500;</span>
+characters. You may want to change fonts if these characters render as ? or boxes
+on your monitor.</p>
+
+<div><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[Pg 33]</a></span></div>
+
+<div class="masthead">
+<h1>NOTES <span class="smaller">AND</span> QUERIES:</h1>
+
+<div class="subtitle">
+A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION
+<span class="smaller">FOR</span>
+LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC.
+</div>
+
+<hr />
+
+<div class="center"><strong>"When found, make a note of."</strong>&#8212;<span class="smcap">Captain Cuttle.</span></div>
+
+<hr />
+
+<table class= 'masthead' summary='masthead'>
+<col width='20%' />
+<col width='60%' />
+<col width='20%' />
+<tr>
+<td class="tdmhl"><strong>No. 33.]</strong></td>
+<td class="tdmhc"><span class="smcap"><strong>Saturday, June</strong></span> <strong>15. 1850.</strong></td>
+<td class="tdmhr"><strong>Price Threepence.</strong> <br /><strong>Stamped Edition, 4<i>d.</i></strong></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<hr />
+</div>
+
+<div class="center fs150em">CONTENTS.</div>
+<div><span class="ralign-thirty">Page</span></div>
+
+<dl class="contents">
+<dt><a href="#Notes"><span class="smcap">Notes</span>:&mdash;<br /></a></dt>
+<dd><a href="#DR_WHICHCOTE_MICHAEL_AYNSWORTH_AND_LORD">Dr. Whichcote and
+    Lord Shaftesbury, by S. W. Singer</a><span class="ralign">33</span></dd>
+<dd><a href="#THE_REBEL">The Rebel</a> <span class="ralign">34</span></dd>
+<dd><a href="#THE_HIPPOPOTAMUS">Notes on the Hippopotamus.</a> <span class="ralign">35</span></dd>
+<dd><a href="#FOLK_LORE">Folk Lore:&mdash;Northamptonshire Charms for
+    Wens,<br /> Cramp, Tooth-ache, West or Sty, &amp;c.</a> <span class="ralign">36</span></dd>
+<dd><a href="#BRASICHELLEN_AND_SERPILIUS_EXPURGATORY">Brasichellen and
+    Serpilius, by J. Sansom</a> <span class="ralign">37</span></dd>
+
+<dt><a href="#Queries"><span class="smcap">Queries</span>:&mdash;</a></dt>
+<dd><a href="#SIR_GEORGE_BUC">Sir George Buc, by Rev. T. Corser</a> <span class="ralign">38</span></dd>
+<dd><a href="#COSAS_DE_ESPANA">Cosas de Espa&ntilde;a</a> <span class="ralign">39</span></dd>
+<dd><a href="#CARTERS_DRAWINGS_OF_YORK_CATHEDRAL_MEDAL_OF_STUKELEY">Carter's
+    Drawings of York Cathedral, by J. Britton</a> <span class="ralign">40</span></dd>
+
+<dt class="wrapped"><a href="#Minor_Queries">Minor Queries:&mdash;</a>
+"Imprest" and "Debenture"&mdash;Cosen's
+MSS.&mdash;Barclay's Argenis&mdash;Clergy sold for Slaves&mdash;
+Meaning of Pallet&mdash;Tobacco in the East&mdash;Stephanus
+Brulifer <span class="ralign">40</span></dt>
+
+<dt><a href="#Replies">Replies:&mdash;</a></dt>
+<dd><a href="#ASINORUM_SEPULTURA">Asinorum Sepultura</a> <span class="ralign">41</span></dd>
+<dd><a href="#POPE_FELIX">Pope Felix</a> <span class="ralign">42</span></dd>
+<dd><a href="#REPLIES_TO_NUMISMATIC_QUERIES">Replies to Numismatic Queries</a> <span class="ralign">42</span></dd>
+<dd><a href="#AS_LAZY_AS_LUDLUMS_DOG">"As Lazy as Ludlum's Dog"</a> <span class="ralign">42</span></dd>
+<dd class="wrapped"><a href="#Replies_to_Minor_Queries">Replies to Minor Queries:&mdash;</a>Lord John Townshend&mdash;
+When Easter ends&mdash;Holdsworth and Fuller&mdash;Gookin
+&mdash;"Brozier"&mdash;Symbols of Four Evangelists&mdash;Catacombs
+and Bone-houses&mdash;Tace Latin for Candle&mdash;
+Members for Durham&mdash;"A Frog he would," &amp;c.&mdash;
+Cavell&mdash;To endeavour ourselves&mdash;Three Dukes&mdash;
+Christabel&mdash;Derivation of "Trianon" <span class="ralign">43</span></dd>
+
+<dt><a href="#Miscellaneous">Miscellaneous:&mdash;</a></dt>
+<dd><a href="#NOTES_ON_BOOKS_CATALOGUES_SALES_ETC">Notes on Books, Catalogues, Sales, &amp;c.</a> <span class="ralign">47</span></dd>
+<dd><a href="#BOOKS_AND_ODD_VOLUMES">Books and Odd Volumes Wanted</a> <span class="ralign">47</span></dd>
+<dd><a href="#Notices_to_Correspondents">Notices to Correspondents</a> <span class="ralign">47</span></dd>
+<dd><a href="#NEW_WORKS_IN_GENERAL_LITERATURE">Advertisements</a> <span class="ralign">48</span></dd>
+</dl>
+
+<hr class="chapter quarter" />
+<h2><a name="Notes" id="Notes"></a>Notes.</h2>
+
+<hr class="section hidden" />
+
+<h3><a name="DR_WHICHCOTE_MICHAEL_AYNSWORTH_AND_LORD"
+id="DR_WHICHCOTE_MICHAEL_AYNSWORTH_AND_LORD"></a>DR. WHICHCOTE, MICHAEL
+AYNSWORTH, AND LORD SHAFTESBURY.</h3>
+
+<p>Not less remarkable and interesting than the
+publication of Dr. Whichcote's Sermons by the
+noble author of the <i>Characteristics</i>, is a posthumous
+volume (though never designed for the press)
+under the following title:&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"Several Letters written by a Noble Lord to a
+Young Man at the University.</p>
+
+<p>"Quo semel est imbuta recens servabit odorem
+Testa diu.&mdash;<i>Hor. Epist.</i> ii. 1.</p>
+
+<p>"Printed for J. Roberts, near the Oxford Arms, in
+Warwick Lane, 1716. 8vo."</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>The young man was Michael Aynsworth, of
+University College, Oxford, afterwards vicar of
+Cornhampton, in Hampshire, and master of the
+Free School there. He was a native of Dorsetshire;
+his father, who was in narrow circumstances,
+living near Wimborne St. Giles's, the seat of Lord
+Shaftesbury, by whom the son seems to have been
+nobly patronised, on account of his inclination to
+learning and virtuous disposition.</p>
+
+<p>The published letters are only <i>ten</i> in number;
+but I have an accurate manuscript transcript of
+<i>fifteen</i>, made from the originals by R. Flexman
+(who had been a pupil of Aynsworth) in 1768.
+The transcriber's account is as follows:&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"After Mr. Aynsworth's death, these letters remained
+in the possession of his daughter, and at her
+decease passed into the the hands of the Rev. Mr. Upton,
+the then vicar of Cornhampton; by him they were lent
+to my brother John Baker, of Grove Place, in Hampshire,
+who lent them to me. It will be perceived that
+the ten printed letters are not given as they were written,
+every thing of a private nature being omitted, and passages
+only given of other letters, just as the editor
+judged proper."</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>R. Flexman has made some remarks illustrative
+of the letters at the end of his transcript, and
+added some particulars relating to Lord Shaftesbury.
+He justly says,&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"I think these letters will show his lordship in a
+more favourable light with respect to the Christian religion
+than his <i>Characteristics</i>, which, though they may
+be condemned on that account, will ever remain a
+lasting monument of the genius of the noble writer.
+It is certain, too, the friends of Christianity are obliged
+to him for the publication of one of the best volumes
+of sermons that ever appeared in the English language.
+They are twelve in number, by Dr. Benjamin Whichcote.
+These sermons (as well as the preface, which
+is admirable) breathe such a noble spirit of Christianity,
+as I think will efface every notion that his lordship
+was an enemy to the Christian religion. In this
+preface he calls Dr. Whichcote (from his pleading in
+defence of natural goodness) the 'preacher of good
+nature.'"</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>What follows will, I think, be acceptable to your
+correspondents C H. and C. R. S.</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"I have heard that the way in which Lord Shaftesbury
+got possession of the manuscript sermons was
+this:&mdash;Going one day to visit his grandmother, the
+Countess Dowager, widow of the first Earl, he found
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[Pg 34]</a></span>her reading a manuscript; on inquiring what she was
+reading, she replied, that it was a sermon. His lordship
+expressed his surprise that she should take so
+much trouble as to read a manuscript sermon when
+there were such numbers in print. She said, she could
+find none so good as those she had in manuscript. Lord
+Shaftesbury then requested the favour of being allowed
+to peruse it, and having done so, he inquired of the
+Countess if she had any more, as he should like to read
+them all if she had. Having received and read them,
+he was so much pleased, that he resolved to print them;
+and having them prepared for the press, he published
+them with a preface recommending the sermons and
+highly praising the author."</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>It appears that the sermons were prepared for
+the press, at Lord Shaftesbury's instance, by the
+Rev. William Stephens, rector of Sutton, in
+Surrey; but the fact of the preface being by himself
+rests on the undoubted evidence of his sister, Lady
+Betty Harris (wife of James Harris of Salisbury,
+the author of <i>Hermes</i>), who mentioned having
+written it from her brother's dictation, he being at
+that time too ill to write himself.</p>
+
+<p>The letters to Michael Aynsworth are very interesting,
+from their benevolent, earnest, and truly
+pious spirit, and might even now be read with
+advantage by a young student of theology: but,
+being very severe in many places upon the greater
+part of the body of the clergy <i>called</i> the Church
+of England, could have been by no means palatable
+to the High Church party,&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"Who no more esteem themselves a Protestant
+Church, or in union with those of Protestant communion,
+though they pretend to the name of Christian,
+and would have us judge of the spirit of Christianity
+from theirs; which God prevent! lest men should in
+time forsake Christianity through their means."</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>The eleventh letter in the MS. is important on
+account of the observations it contains on the
+consequences which must inevitably arise from Locke's
+doctrine respecting innate ideas. Locke had been
+tutor both to Lord Shaftesbury and his father:&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"Mr. Locke, much as I honour him, and well as I
+know him, and can answer for his sincerity as a most
+zealous Christian believer, has espoused those
+principles which Mr. Hobbes set on foot in the last century,
+and has been followed by the Tindals and all the other
+free authors of our time. 'Twas Mr. Locke that
+struck the home blow, (for Hobbes' character and base
+slavish principles of government took off the poison of
+his philosophy), struck at all fundamentals, threw all
+<i>order</i> and <i>virtue</i> out of the world, and made the very
+<i>ideas</i> of these (which are the same as those of God),
+unnatural and without foundation in our minds."</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>It is remarkable that the volume of Whichcote's
+Sermons printed by Lord Shaftesbury should have
+been republished at Edinburgh in 1742, with a
+recommendatory epistle, by a Presbyterian divine,
+Dr. Wishart, principal of the College of Edinburgh.
+In the very neat reprint of the collected sermons
+given by Dr. Campbell and Dr. Gerard, in 4 vols.,
+8vo., Aberdeen, 1751, prefixed to the third volume,
+we also find Lord Shaftesbury's preface.</p>
+
+<p class="author smcap">S. W. Singer.</p>
+
+<p>Mickleham, June 4. 1850.</p>
+
+<hr class="short section" />
+
+<h3><a name="THE_REBEL" id="THE_REBEL"></a>THE REBEL.</h3>
+
+<p>Sir,&mdash;The printed copy of a song which I inclose
+is believed, by those who are the best judges,
+to be the only copy, either printed or in manuscript,
+now in existence. That circumstance may,
+perhaps, render it acceptable to you: and I am not
+collector of curiosities, and I beg you would do
+what you please with it. The verses are plainly
+more modern than the motto: for there are, I
+think, two allusions to different plays of the
+immortal bard of Stratford-on-Avon. But perhaps
+you will think that he copied from it, as it is said
+he sometimes did from things not so good as his
+own. I do not believe, for my own part, that it
+was written till after the Great Rebellion. Bishop
+Christopherson, I take it, was a Roman Catholic,
+but resident in England, and we see that he wrote
+in English. The paper, you will observe, is foreign
+by the texture, as well as by the water-mark,
+which I cannot very well make out; but it seems
+to be a bust of somebody; while the type looks
+quite English, and therefore it is no proof that
+it was printed abroad.</p>
+
+<p>As I give you my real name, I hope you will
+not consider me as holding, or wishing to recommend,
+such opinions as are contained in the verses:
+and by way of protest, you will allow me to
+subscribe myself, your obedient servant,</p>
+
+<p class="author smcap">Pacificus.</p>
+
+<p class="smcap center"><strong>The Rebel.</strong></p>
+
+<p>"A New Song, or Balade, shewing the naughty
+conceits of Traytours; that all loial and true-hearted
+men may know and eschew the same.</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"<i>They counte Peace to be cause of ydelnes, and that it
+maketh men hodipekes and cowardes.</i>"&mdash;Bp. Christopherson,
+<i>Exh. ag. Rebel.</i> 1554.</p></blockquote>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"Tell me no more of Peace&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">'Tis cowardice disguised;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">The child of Fear and heartless Ease,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">A thing to be despised.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"Let daffodills entwine<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">The seely Shepherd's brow,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">A nobler wreath I'll win for mine,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">The Lawrel's manly bough.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"May-garlands fitter shew<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">On swains who dream of Love;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">And all their cherisance bestow<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Upon the whining dove&mdash;<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"I'll have no doves&mdash;not I&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Their softness is disgrace;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">I love the Eagle's lightning eye,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">That stares in Ph&aelig;bus' face.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[Pg 35]</a></span>
+<span class="i0">"I mark'd that noble thing<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Bound on his upward flight,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Scatter the clouds with mighty wing,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">And breast the tide of light&mdash;<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"And scorn'd the things that creep<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Prone-visaged on the Earth;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">To eat it's fruits, to play, to sleep,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">The purpose of their birth.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"Such softlings take delight<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">In Cynthia's sickly beam&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Give me a heav'n of coal black night<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Slash'd with the watch-fire gleam.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"They doat upon the lute,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">The cittern and the lyre&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Such sounds mine eare do little sute,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">They match not my desire.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"The trumpet-blast&mdash;let it come<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">In shrieks on the fitful gale,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">The charger's hoof beat time to the drum,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">And the clank of the rider's mail.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"Not for the heaps untold<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">That swell the Miser's hoard,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">I claim the birthright of the bold,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">The dowry of the Sword&mdash;<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"Nor yet the gilded gem<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">That coronets the slave&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">I clutch the spectre-diadem<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">That marshals on the brave.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"For that&mdash;be Sin and Woe&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">All priests and women tell&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Be Fire and Sword&mdash;I pass not tho'<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">This Earth be made a Hell.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"Above the rest to shine<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Is all in all to me&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">It is, unto a soul like mine,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">To be or not to be.<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<blockquote><p>"Printed with Permission of Superiours: And are
+to be had of the Printer, at his House hard by the sign
+of the Squirrel, over-against the way that leadeth to
+the Quay."</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>P.S. Query, What is a "hodipeke?" Is it a
+"hypocrite?" and should not "Ph&aelig;bus," in the
+fourth verse, be "Ph&#339;bus?"</p>
+
+<hr class="short section" />
+
+<h3><a name="THE_HIPPOPOTAMUS" id="THE_HIPPOPOTAMUS"></a>THE HIPPOPOTAMUS.</h3>
+
+<p>The earliest mention of the hippopotamus is in
+Herodotus, who in ii. 71. gives a detailed description
+of this inhabitant of the Nile. He is stated by
+Porphyry to have borrowed this description from
+his predecessor Hecat&aelig;us (Frag. 292. ap. <i>Hist. Gr.
+Fragm.</i>, vol. i. ed. Didot). Herodotus, however,
+had doubtless obtained his account of the hippopotamus
+during his visit to Egypt. Cuvier (<i>Trad.
+de Pline</i>, par Grandsagne, tom. vi. p. 444.) remarks
+that the description is only accurate as to the teeth
+and the skin; but that it is erroneous as to the
+size, the feet, the tail and mane, and the nose.
+He wonders, therefore, that it should have been
+repeated, with few corrections or additions, by
+Aristotle (<i>Hist. An.</i>, ii. 1. and 7.; viii. 24.) and
+Diodorus (i. 35.). Compare Camus, <i>Notes sur
+l'Histoire des Animaux d'Aristote</i>, p. 418.</p>
+
+<p>None of the Greek writers appear to have seen
+a live hippopotamus; nor is there any account of a
+live animal of this species having been brought to
+Greece, like the live tiger which Seleucus sent to
+Athens. According to Pliny (<i>H. N.</i>, viii. 40.)
+and Ammianus Marcellinus (xxii. 15.), the Romans
+first saw this animal in the celebrated edileship of
+&AElig;milius Scaurus, 58 <span class="smcap lower">B.C.</span>, when a hippopotamus
+and five crocodiles were exhibited at the games, in
+a temporary canal. Dio Cassius, however, states
+that Augustus C&aelig;sar first exhibited a rhinoceros
+and a hippopotamus to the Roman people in the
+year 29 <span class="smcap lower">B.C.</span> (li. 22.) Some crocodiles and hippopotami,
+together with other exotic animals, were
+afterwards exhibited in the games at Rome in the
+time of Antoninus Pius (<span class="smcap lower">A.D.</span> 138-80. See Jul.
+Capitolin. in <i>Anton. Pio</i>, c. 10.) and Commodus,
+against his various exploits of animal warfare in the
+amphitheatre, slew as many as five hippopotami
+(<span class="smcap lower">A.D.</span> 180-92. See Dio Cass. lxxii. 10. and 19.;
+and Gibbon, c. 4.). Firmus, an Egyptian pretender
+to the empire in the time of Aurelian,
+273 <span class="smcap lower">A.D.</span>, once rode on the back of a hippopotamus
+(Flav. Vopiscus, in <i>Firmo</i>, c. 6.): but this feat was
+probably performed at Alexandria.</p>
+
+<p>The hippopotamus being an inhabitant of the
+Upper Nile, was imperfectly known to the ancients.
+Fabulous anecdotes of its habits are recounted by
+Pliny, <i>H. N.</i>, viii. 39, 40., and by &AElig;lian, <i>De Nat.
+An.</i>, v. 53. vii. 19. Achilles Tatius, who wrote as
+late as the latter half of the fifth century of our
+era, says that it breathes fire and smoke (iv. 2.);
+while Damascius, who was nearly his contemporary
+says that the hippopotamus is an unjust animal,
+and represents Injustice in the hieroglyphic writing;
+because it first kills its father and then violates its
+mother (ap. Phot. <i>Bibl.</i> cod. 242., p. 322., b. 36.
+ed. Bekker.).</p>
+
+<p>Strabo (xv. 1.) and Arrian (<i>Ind.</i>, c. 6.) say that
+the products of the Indian rivers are similar to
+those of Ethiopia and Egypt, with the exception
+of the hippopotamus. They add, however, that
+according to Onesicritus, even this exception did
+not exist: for that the hippopotamus was found
+in the rivers of India. The report of Onesicritus
+was doubtless erroneous.</p>
+
+<p>Herodotus, Aristotle, and the other Greek writers constantly call
+this animal
+&#x1F35;&#x03C0;&#x03C0;&#x03BF;&#x03DB;&#x0020;&#x03C0;&#x03BF;&#x03C4;&#x03AC;&#x03BC;&#x03B9;&#x03BF;&#x03DB;. The
+Latin writers use the improper compound <i>hippo-potamus</i>; which,
+according to the ordinary rule of Greek composition, means, not
+a <i>river-horse</i>, but a <i>horse-river</i>. The only Greek writer in
+whom I have found the compound word
+&#x1F31;&#x03C0;&#x03C0;&#x03BF;&#x03C0;&#x03CC;&#x03C4;&#x03B1;&#x03BC;&#x03BF;&#x03DB; is Damascius,
+who wrote in the sixth century. Achilles Tatius, who lived about the
+same time, calls the animal
+&#x1F35;&#x03C0;&#x03C0;&#x03BF;&#x03DB;&#x0020;&#x03C4;&#x03BF;&#x03C5;&#x0020;&#x039D;&#x03B5;&#x03AF;&#x03BB;&#x03BF;&#x03C5;
+ which is, he
+says, its Egyptian name. It seems probable that the
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[Pg 36]</a></span>word <i>hippopotamus</i> is a Roman corruption of the Greek
+substantive and adjective, and is not a proper Greek word. Why this
+animal was called a horse is not evident. In shape and appearance it
+resembles a gigantic hog. Buffon says that its name was derived from
+its <i>neighing</i> like a horse (<i>Quad.</i>, tom. v., p. 165.). But
+query whether this is the fact?</p>
+
+<p>Bochart (<i>Hierozoicon</i>, P. ii., lib. v., c. 15, 16.)
+identifies the "behemoth" of Job (c. 40.) with
+the hippopotamus, and the "leviathan" with the
+crocodile. This view seems to be generally adopted
+by modern commentators. (See Winer, <i>Bibl.
+Real-W&ouml;rterbuch</i>, art. "Nilpferd.")</p>
+
+<p>A <i>Historia Hippopotami veterum Critica</i>, by
+J. G. Schneider, is appended to his edition of
+<i>Artedi Synonymia Piscium</i>, p. 247.</p>
+
+<p>The accounts of the hippopotamus since the
+revival of letters, beginning with that published by
+Federigo Zerenghi, a Neapolitan surgeon, in 1603
+(see Buffon), appear to have been all derived from
+dead specimens, or from the reports of travellers
+in Africa. Query, Has there been a live hippopotamus
+in Europe since the reign of Commodus,
+with the exception of the young animal now in the
+Zoological Gardens in the Regent's Park?</p>
+
+<p class="author">L.</p>
+
+<hr class="section short" />
+
+<h2><a name="FOLK_LORE" id="FOLK_LORE"></a>FOLK LORE.</h2>
+
+<p class="center"><i>Folk Lore of South Northamptonshire.</i></p>
+
+<p><i>Charming.</i>&mdash;There are few villages in this district
+which are not able to boast a professor of the
+healing art, in the person of an old woman who
+pretends to the power of curing diseases by "charming;"
+and at the present day, in spite of coroners'
+inquests and parish officers, a belief in the efficacy
+of these remedies appears to be undiminished. Two
+preliminaries are given, as necessary to be strictly
+observed, in order to ensure a perfect cure. First,
+that the person to be operated upon comes with a
+full and earnest belief that a cure <i>will</i> be effected;
+and, secondly, that the phrases "please" and
+"thank you" do not occur during the transaction.
+The established formula consists in the charmer's
+crossing the part affected, and whispering over it
+certain mysterious words&mdash;doubtless varied
+according to the disorder, but the import of which I
+have never been able to learn; for as there is a
+very prevalent notion that, if once disclosed, they
+would immediately lose their virtue, the possessors
+are generally proof against persuasion or bribery.
+In some cases it is customary for the charmer to
+"bless" or hallow cords, or leathern thongs, which
+are given to the invalids to be worn round the
+neck. An old woman living at a village near
+Brackley has acquired a more than ordinary renown
+for the cure of agues by this means. According
+to her own account, she received the
+secret from the dying lips of her mother; who, in
+her turn, is said to have received it from her's.
+As this old dame is upwards of ninety, and still
+refuses to part with her charm, the probability of
+it perishing with her, forms a constant theme of
+lamentation among her gossips. It must not be
+imagined that these ignorant people make a trade
+of their supposed art. On the contrary, it is believed
+that any offer of pecuniary remuneration
+would at once break the spell, and render the
+charm of no avail; and though it must be admitted
+that the influence and position naturally
+accruing to the possessor of such attributes, affords
+a sufficient motive for imposture, yet I think, for
+the most part, they may be said to be the dupes
+of their own credulity, and as fully convinced of
+their own infallibility as can be the most credulous
+of their admirers.</p>
+
+<p>The following are a few of the more common
+traditionary charms (used without having recourse
+to the charmer) at present current among the rural
+population of this district.</p>
+
+<p><i>Warts.</i>&mdash;Take one of the large black snails,
+which are to be found during summer in every
+hedgerow, rub it over the wart, and then hang it
+on a thorn. This must be done nine nights successively,
+at the end of which times the wart will
+completely disappear. For as the snail, exposed
+to such cruel treatment, will gradually wither
+away, so it is believed the wart, being impregnated
+with its matter, will slowly do the same.</p>
+
+<p><i>Wens.</i>&mdash;After a criminal is dead, but still
+hanging, his hand must be rubbed thrice over the
+wen. (Vide <i>Brand</i>, vol iii. p. 153.) Many persons
+are still living who in their younger days have
+undergone the ceremony, always, they say, attended
+with complete success. On execution days at
+Northampton, numbers of sufferers used to congregate
+round the gallows, in order to receive the
+"dead-stroke," as it is termed. At the last execution
+which took place in that town, a very few
+only were operated upon, not so much in consequence
+of decrease of faith, as from the higher fee
+demanded by the hangman.</p>
+
+<p><i>Epistaxis.</i>&mdash;For stopping or preventing bleeding
+at the nose, a toad is killed by transfixing it
+with some sharp pointed instrument, after which
+it is inclosed in a little bag and suspended round
+the neck. The same charm is also occasionally
+used in cases of fever. The following passage
+From Sir K. Digby's <i>Discourse on Sympathy</i>
+(Lond. 1658) may enlighten us as to the principle:&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"In time of common contagion, they use to carry
+about them the powder of a toad, and sometimes a
+living toad or spider shut up in a box; or else they
+carry arsnick, or some other venemous substance, which
+<i>draws unto it the contagious air</i>, which otherwise would
+infect the party." p. 77.</p></blockquote>
+
+<p><i>Another for the Same.</i>&mdash;If it be a man who
+suffers, he asks a female to buy him a lace, (if a
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[Pg 37]</a></span>female she asks a man), without either giving money,
+saying what it is wanted for, or returning thanks
+when received. The lace so obtained must be
+worn round the neck for the space of nine days;
+at the expiration of which, it is said, the patient
+will experience no return of the disorder.</p>
+
+<p><i>Cramp.</i>&mdash;We still retain such a high sense of
+the efficacy of the form of the cross, that in case of
+spasms, or that painful state of the feet in which
+they are said to "sleep," it is commonly used,
+under the impression that it mitigates, if not entirely
+allays, the pain. Warts are also charmed
+away by crossing them with elder sticks: and a
+very common charm for the cramp consists in the
+sufferer's always taking care, when he pulls off his
+shoes and stockings, to place them in such a position
+as to form a resemblance to the "holy sign."</p>
+
+<p>Another and very common charm resorted to for
+the cure of this painful disorder, consists in the
+wearing about the person the patella of a sheep or
+lamb, here known as the "cramp-bone." This is
+worn as near the skin as possible, and at night is
+laid under the pillow. One instance of a <i>human</i>
+patella being thus used has come under my notice,
+but I believe this to be by no means common.</p>
+
+<p><i>Toothache.</i>&mdash;Few ailments have more charms
+for its cure than this. In point of efficacy none
+are reckoned better than a tooth taken from the
+mouth of a corpse, which is often enveloped in a
+little bag, and hung round the neck. A double
+nut is also sometimes worn in the pocket for the
+same purpose.</p>
+
+<p><i>Hooping-cough.</i>&mdash;A small quantity of hair is
+taken frown the nape of the child's neck, rolled up
+in a piece of meat, and given to a dog, in the firm
+belief that the disease thereby becomes transferred
+to the animal. A friend informs me that the same
+charm is well known in Gloucestershire.</p>
+
+<p><i>Rheumatism.</i>&mdash;The right forefoot of a hare, worn
+constantly in the pocket, is considered a fine amulet
+against the "rheumatiz."</p>
+
+<p><i>West.</i>&mdash;In order to be rid of the painful tumour
+on the eyelid, provincially known as the <i>west</i> or
+<i>sty</i>, it is customary for the sufferer, on the first
+night of the new moon, to procure the tail of a
+black cat, and after pulling from it one hair, rub
+the tip <i>nine</i> times over the pustule. As this has a
+very cabalistic look, and is moreover frequently
+attended with sundry severe scratches, a gold ring
+is found to be a much more harmless substitute;
+and as it is said to be equally beneficial with the
+former, it is now more commonly used. This
+superstition is alluded to by Beaumont and
+Fletcher, <i>Mad Lovers</i>, v. 4.:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">"&mdash;&mdash; I have a <i>sty</i> here, Chilax.</span><br />
+<br />
+<i>Chi.</i> I have no gold to cure it, not a penny."<br />
+</p>
+
+<p><i>Thorn.</i>&mdash;The following word charm is used to
+prevent a thorn from festering:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"Our Saviour was of a virgin born,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">His head was crowned with a crown of thorn;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">It never canker'd nor fester'd at all,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">And I hope in Christ Jesus this never shaull [shall]."<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p>This will remind the reader of the one given by
+Pepys, vol. ii. p. 415.</p>
+
+<p class="author">T. S.</p>
+
+<hr class="section short" />
+
+<h3><a name="BRASICHELLEN_AND_SERPILIUS_EXPURGATORY"
+       id="BRASICHELLEN_AND_SERPILIUS_EXPURGATORY"></a>BRASICHELLEN AND
+       SERPILIUS&mdash;EXPURGATORY INDEX.</h3>
+
+<p>I have a note, and should be glad to put a
+query, on the subject of a small octavo volume,
+of which the title is, "Indicis Librorum Expurgandorum,
+in studiosorum gratiam confecti,
+tomus primus; in quo quinquaginta auctorum
+libri pr&aelig; c&aelig;teris desiderati emendantur. Per Fr.
+Io. Mariam Brasichellensem, sacri Palatii Apostolici
+Magistrum, in unum corpus redactus, et public&aelig;
+commoditati editus. Superiorum permissu, Rom&aelig;,
+1607." Speaking of this index, Mendham says:&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"We now advance to perhaps the most extraordinary
+and scarcest of all this class of publications. It is the
+first, and last, and incomplete Expurgatory Index, which
+Rome herself has ventured to present to the world, and
+which, soon after the deed was done, she condemned
+and withdrew.... After a selection of some of the
+rules in the last edition of the Expurgatory Index, the
+editor in his address informs the reader, that, understanding
+the expurgation of books to be not the least
+important part of his office, and wishing to make books
+more accessible to students than they were without expurgation,
+he had availed himself of the labours of his
+predecessors, and, adding his own, issued the present
+volume, intending that a second, which was in
+great readiness, should quickly follow; (but, alas! it
+was not allowed so to do). Dated Rome, from the
+Apostolic Palace, 1607.... Nothing more remains
+on the subject of this Index, than to report what is
+contained in the inaccessible work of Zobelius, <i>Notitia
+Indicis</i>, &amp;c., but repeated from by Struvius or Ingler, his
+editor, in the <i>Bibliotheca Hist. Lit.</i>&mdash;that Brasichellen
+or Guanzellus was assisted in the work by Thomas
+Malvenda, a Dominican; that another edition was
+printed at Bergomi in 1608; that when a fresh one
+was in preparation at Antwerp in 1612, it was suppressed;
+and that, finally, the author, like Montanus,
+found his place in a future index."</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>The second volume promised never appeared.
+The work, however, became exceedingly scarce;
+which induced Serpilius, a priest of Ratisbon, in
+1723, to print an edition so closely resembling the
+original, as to admit of its being represented as the
+same. The imposition, however, being detected,
+another edition was prepared by Hesselius, a
+printer of Altorf, in 1745; and then the remaining
+copies of the former threw off their mask, and
+appeared with a new title-page as a second edition.
+The original and counterfeit editions of this peculiar
+work are sufficiently alike to deceive any
+person, who should not examine them in literal
+juxtaposition; but upon such examination, the deception
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[Pg 38]</a></span>is easily apparent. The one, however,
+may be fairly considered as a fac-simile of the
+other. (See the Rev. Joseph Mendham's <i>Literary
+Policy of the Church of Rome exhibited</i>, &amp;c., chap.
+iii. pp. 116-128.) Mendham adds, that "there
+is a copy of the original edition" of this index "in
+the Bodleian Library, Oxford," presented to Sir
+Thomas Bodley by the Earl of Essex, together
+with the Belgic, Portuguese, Spanish and Neapolitan
+Indices, all which originally belonged to the
+library of Jerom Osorius, but had become part of
+the spoil of the expedition against Cadiz in 1596.
+I am acquainted with the Bodleian copy of the
+original edition of this rare work; but I wish to
+put the Query&mdash;Where is a copy of the <i>counterfeit
+edition</i> of Serpilius to be seen, either with its
+original title-page, or as it appeared afterwards,
+when the mask was thrown off? I am not aware
+that any one of our public libraries (rich as several
+of them are in such treasures) contains a copy of
+this curious little impostor.</p>
+
+<p class="author smcap">J. Sansom.</p>
+
+<p>8. Park Place, Oxford, May 29. 1850.</p>
+
+<hr class="section short" />
+
+<h2><a name="Queries" id="Queries"></a>Queries</h2>
+
+<h3><a name="SIR_GEORGE_BUC" id="SIR_GEORGE_BUC"></a>SIR GEORGE BUC.</h3>
+
+<p>Can any of your readers inform me on what
+authority Sir George Buc, the poet, and Master of
+the Revels in the reign of James I., is recorded by
+his biographers to have been a native of Lincolnshire,
+and to have died in 1623? In the <i>Biogr.
+Britann.</i>, and repeated by Chalmers, it is stated
+that he was born in Lincolnshire, in the sixteenth
+century, descended from the Bucs, or Buckes, of
+West Stanton and Herthill, in Yorkshire, and
+Melford Hall, in Suffolk, and knighted by James I.
+the day before his coronation, July 13, 1603. Mr.
+Collier, in his <i>Annals of the Stage</i>, vol. i., p. 374,
+says, that on the death of Edmund Tylney, in
+October, 1610, he succeeded him as Master of the
+Revels, and wrote his Treatise on the Office of the
+Revels prior to 1615. He also says,&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"In the spring of 1622, Sir George Buc appears to
+have been so ill and infirm, as to be unable to discharge
+the duties of his situation, and on the 2nd of May in
+that year, a patent was made out, appointing Sir John
+Astley Master of the Revels."&mdash;<i>Biogr. Britann.</i>, p. 419.</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>Ritson says that he died in 1623. Chalmers
+supposed his death to have happened soon after
+1622, and states that he certainly died before
+August 1629.</p>
+
+<p>My reason for making these inquiries is, that I
+have in my possession a 4to. manuscript volume,
+believed to be in the handwriting of this Sir
+George Buc, which is quite at variance with these
+statements in several particulars. The volume
+which is without a date in any part, and has only
+the initials of the author, is entitled <i>The Famous
+History of Saint George, England's brave Champion.
+Translated into Verse, and enlarged. The
+three first Chapters by G. B. His first Edition.</i>
+It is extended to nineteen chapters, and comprehends
+also the histories of the other six champions,
+as well as that of St. George. It is contained in a
+thick 4to. volume of 524 closely written pages, in
+Russia, and was formerly in the collection of the
+Duke of Roxburghe, whose arms are on the sides;
+and afterwards in that of Mr. Heber. This MS.
+is entirely in the handwriting of Sir George Buc,
+as prepared by him for publication. The initials
+"G. B." correspond with those of his name, and
+the handwriting, having been compared, is found
+to be exactly similar to a MS. inscription, in Sir
+George Buc's handwriting, prefixed to a copy of
+his poem
+ &#x0394;&#x03B1;&#x03D5;&#x03BD;&#x1F76;&#x03DB;&#x0020;&#x03A0;&#x03BF;&#x03BB;&#x03C5;&#x03B4;&#x03C4;&#x03AD;&#x03D5;&#x03B1;&#x03BD;&#x03BF;&#x03DB;
+ 4to., 1605, presented
+by him to Lord Chancellor Ellesmere, and
+preserved at Bridgewater House; a fac-simile of
+which is given by Mr. Collier in his privately
+printed catalogue of that library, p. 41.</p>
+
+<p>The volume commences with a sort of metrical
+preface, entitled <i>The Muse's Apologie</i>, in which he
+says,&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"Consider that my Muse is aged growne,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Whose pilgrimage to <i>seventy-six is knowne</i>."<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p>And again:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"Thy nimble steps to <i>Norfolk</i> none forbeare,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">I'm confident thou shalt be welcom'd there,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Where that thy autor <i>hee was bred and borne</i>,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Though to Parnassus Girles was never sworne."<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p>The work is dedicated "To the vertuous Lady
+and his most honoured friend, the Lady Bacon, at
+Readgrave Hall, in Suffolk, wife to S<sup>r</sup> Edmond
+Bacon, Prime Baronett of England," commencing
+thus:&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"Faire madam,&mdash;Having nothing at present, I
+thought was fitt (<i>living at so far distance</i>) to present
+to y<sup>r</sup> ladyship," &amp;c.</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>The distance here alluded to was probably
+caused by the author's residence in London at that
+time. This is followed by some lines "To the
+Courteous Reader," beginning,&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"Some certaine Gentlemen did mee ingage<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">To publish forth this work, done in myne age<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">That this, my aged act, it may survive<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">My funerall and keep me still alive."<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p>and by others, entitled "The Autor," signed
+"Vale, G. B.;" after which are added the following
+lines:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"Some Poets they are poore, and so am I,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0"><i>Except I bee reliev'd in Chancery</i>;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">I scorne to begg, my pen nere us'd the trade,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">This book to please my friends is only made,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Which is performed by my aged quill,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">For to extend my country my good will.<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Let not my country think I took this paynes<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">In expectation of any gaines."<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p>We know from Mr. Collier's Bridgewater Catalogue,
+that Sir George Buc had been indebted to
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[Pg 39]</a></span>Lord Ellesmere for certain favours shown him,
+probably in some Chancery suit, to which he here
+seems to allude, as if still suffering in his pocket
+from its ill consequences.</p>
+
+<p>My first quotation from the poem itself is one of
+some importance, as serving to show the probable
+time at which it was written. On the reverse of
+fol. 9., at the commencement of the poem, an allusion
+is thus made to the destruction of Troy:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"And wasted all the buildings of the king,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Which unto Priamus did glory bring,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Destroy'd his pallaces, the cittie graces,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">And all the lusters of his royall places,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0"><i>Just as Noll Cromewell in this iland did,</i><br /></span>
+<span class="i0"><i>For his reward at Tiburne buried.</i>"<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p>So also, again, on the reverse of fol. 11., in reference
+to the abuses and profanations committed
+by Cromwell's soldiery in St. Paul's Cathedral, he
+says:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"Pittie it were this faberick should fall<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Into decay, derives its name from Paul,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0"><i>But yet of late it suffered vile abuses,</i><br /></span>
+<span class="i0"><i>Was made a stable for all traytors' uses</i>,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Had better burnt it down for an example,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">As Herostratus did Diana's temple."<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p>And again, at the commencement of the eighth
+chapter, fol. 104.:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"In this discourse, my Muse doth here intend,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">The honor of Saint Patrick to defend,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">And speake of his adventrous accidents,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Of his brave fortunes, and their brave events,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">That if her pen were made of <i>Cromwell's rump</i>,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Yet she should weare it to the very stump."<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p>At the end of the poem he again alludes to his
+great age, and to the time which had been occupied
+in writing it, and also promised, if his life should
+be prolonged, a second part, in continuation,
+which, however, appears never to have been
+accomplished:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"My Muse wants eloquence and retoricke,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">For to describe it more scollerlike,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">And doth crave pardon for hir bold adventure,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">When that upon these subjects she did enter.<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">'Tis eight months since this first booke was begun,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Come, Muse, breake off, high time 'tis to adone.<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Travell no further in these martiall straines,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Till we know what will please us for our paines.<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">I know thy will is forward to performe,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">What age doth now deny thy quill t' adorne,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Whose age is <i>seventy-sixe, compleat in yeares</i>,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Which in the Regester at large appeares."<br /></span>
+<span class="i4">&amp;c. &amp;c. &amp;c. &amp;c.<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p>Cromwell died Sept. 3. 1658, and was interred
+in Westminster Abbey; but his bones were not
+removed and buried at Tyburn till the 30th of
+January, 1660; very soon after which it is most
+probable that this poem was written. Now if the
+author was, as he says, seventy-six at this time, he
+must have been born about 1583 or 1584, which
+will rightly correspond with the account given by
+Chalmers and others; and thus he would be about
+twenty-two or twenty-three years of age when he
+wrote his first poem of &#x0394;&#x03B1;&#x03D5;&#x03BD;&#x1F76;&#x03DB;&#x0020;&#x03A0;&#x03BF;&#x03BB;&#x03C5;&#x03B4;&#x03C4;&#x03AD;&#x03D5;&#x03B1;&#x03BD;&#x03BF;&#x03DB;,
+twenty-seven when he succeeded to the office of
+Master of the Revels. There appears to be no
+reason for supposing, with Ritson, that <i>The Great
+Plantagenet</i>, which was the second edition of that
+poem, and published in 1635, was done "by some
+fellow who assumed his name;" but that the variations,
+which are very considerable, were made by
+the author himself, and printed in his lifetime.
+The Dedication to Sir John Finch, Lord Chief
+Justice of the Common Pleas, signed "George
+Buck," and written exactly in his style; the three
+sets of commendatory verses addressed to the
+author by O. Rourke, Robert Codrington, and
+George Bradley, not in the first edition of the
+poem "Upon King Henrie the Second, the first
+Plantagenet of England," &amp;c., added to this impression;
+all tend to show that the author was then
+living in 1635. We learn by the above quotations
+from his MS. poem, that his days were further
+prolonged till 1660.</p>
+
+<p>Perhaps some of your numerous readers may be
+able to discover some corroborative proofs of this
+statement from other sources, and will be kind
+enough to favour me, through your paper, with any
+evidence which may occur to then, bearing upon
+the subject of my inquiries.</p>
+
+<p class="author smcap">Thomas Corser.</p>
+
+<p>Stand Rectory.</p>
+
+<hr class="section hidden" />
+<h3><a name="COSAS_DE_ESPANA" id="COSAS_DE_ESPANA"></a>COSAS DE ESPA&Ntilde;A.</h3>
+
+<p>The things of Spain are peculiar to a proverb,
+but they are not so exclusively national but we
+may find some connection with them in things of
+our own country. Any information from readers
+of <span class="smcap">Notes and Queries</span>, on a few Spanish things
+which I have long sought for in vain, would prove
+most acceptable and useful to me.</p>
+
+<p>1. In <i>Catalogi Librorum Manuscriptorum, Angli&aelig;
+et Hiberni&aelig;</i>, &amp;c., under "Library of Westminster
+Abbey," at p. 29., I find mentioned the
+following MS.: <i>Una Resposal del Reverend Padre
+Thomaso Cranmero</i>. It is not now in that library&mdash;is
+it in any other? I suppose it may be a
+translation, made by Francisco Dryander or Enzinas,
+translator of the Spanish New Testament,
+1543, of&mdash;"An Answer by the Right Rev. Father
+in God, Thomas, Abp. of Canterbury, unto a crafty
+and sophistical cavillation devised by Stephen
+Gardener," &amp;c. Dryander came to this country with
+Bucer, recommended to Cranmer by Melancthon,
+and resided two months in the Archbishop's house
+before he went to Cambridge to lecture in Greek.</p>
+
+<p>2. Ferdinando de Tereda, a Spanish Protestant,
+came to this country in 1620. The Lord Keeper
+Williams took him into his house to learn Spanish
+of him, in order to treat personally with the
+Spanish ambassador about the marriage of Prince
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[Pg 40]</a></span>Charles and the Infanta. At this instance,
+Tereda translated the English Liturgy into Spanish
+(1623), and was repaid by presentation to a
+prebend at Hereford. On the death of James, in
+1625, he left, as he says, the Court, before the
+Court left him, and retired to Hereford. Here he
+adds: "I composed a large volume <i>De Monachatu</i>,
+in Latin; another <i>De Contradictionibus Doctrin&aelig;
+Ecclesi&aelig; Roman&aelig;</i>, in the same language; and a
+third, entitled <i>Carrascon</i>, also in Latin." In 1631-2
+he vacated his prebend, and went, I conjecture, to
+Holland, where he printed <i>Carrascon</i> in <i>Spanish</i>
+(1633), being a selection from the Latin. In the
+preface to this, which recently had been reprinted,
+he proposed to print the other works which he had
+prepared, if the Spanish <i>Carrascon</i> brought him
+"good news." Do his Latin works exist either in
+print or in manuscript?</p>
+
+<p>3. Juan de Nicholas y Sacharles was another
+Spanish Protestant, who came to this country in
+1618. He translated the <i>Bouclier de la Foi</i>, by
+P. Moulin, into Spanish; he presented it, I conjecture
+in MS., to Prince Charles about the year
+1620. Is such a MS. known to exist in any of our
+libraries?</p>
+
+<p>4. The recent <i>History of Spanish Literature</i>, by
+George Ticknor, has made us generally acquainted,
+that the author of the clever "Dialogo de las Lenguas,"
+printed in <i>Origines de la Lengua Espa&ntilde;ola</i>
+by Gregorio Mayans y Siscar, was Juan de Valdes,
+to whom Italy and Spain herself owed the
+dawning light of the religious reformation which
+those countries received. Spaniards well informed
+in their own literature have of course been long
+aware of the authorship of the "Dialogo de las
+Lenguas." But few even of them are aware that
+Mayans y Siscar could not, even at so late a period,
+venture to reprint the work, as it was written by
+Juan de Valdes. He suppressed various passages,
+for the Inquisition was in his day too jealous and
+powerful for him to risk offence. Notwithstanding,
+and as <i>una cosa de Espa&ntilde;a</i>, he printed a few copies
+privately, entire. Expurgated books are always
+unsatisfactory mutilations. Does any <i>Manuscript</i>
+of the "Dialogo de las Lenguas" exist in this
+country, in any public or private library?</p>
+
+<p class="author">Wn.</p>
+
+<hr class="section short" />
+
+<h3><a name="CARTERS_DRAWINGS_OF_YORK_CATHEDRAL_MEDAL_OF_STUKELEY" id="CARTERS_DRAWINGS_OF_YORK_CATHEDRAL_MEDAL_OF_STUKELEY"></a>CARTER'S DRAWINGS OF YORK CATHEDRAL.&mdash;MEDAL OF STUKELEY.</h3>
+
+<p>I shall be glad to ascertain, if possible, through
+the medium of your columns, who is now the
+possessor of a volume of elaborate <i>Drawings of
+York Cathedral</i>, which were made by the late John
+Carter, F. S. A., for Sir Mark M. Sykes, Bart.
+Mr. Carter was paid a large sum on account of
+these drawings during the progress of his task, but
+after the death of the baronet, he demanded such
+an extravagant price that the executors declined
+to take the volume. At the sale of the artist's
+effects it was sold to Sir Gregory Page Turner,
+Bart., for 315<i>l.</i> It again came to the hammer,
+and was purchased by John Broadley, Esq., at
+whose sale it was disposed of for 100<i>l.</i> I cannot
+ascertain the purchaser on the last occasion, and
+am very desirous to learn where the drawings are
+now to be found.</p>
+
+<p>The same artist also prepared a series of drawings
+illustrative of English costume from the
+earliest period. This volume was executed for
+Thomas Lister Parker, Esq., but, like the former,
+has passed into the custody of other persons, and
+I am now ignorant of its possessor.</p>
+
+<p>I have not yet received any reply to my inquiry
+in Vol. i. p. 122., respecting a large bronze medal
+of Dr. Stukeley, with a view of Stonehenge on the
+reverse, evidently executed soon after his decease.
+I believe it to be unique, but should be glad to
+know if dies were ever engraved from this design.</p>
+
+<p class="author smcap">J. Britton.</p>
+
+<p>Burton Street, June 1. 1850.</p>
+
+<hr class="section short" />
+
+<h2><a name="Minor_Queries" id="Minor_Queries"></a>Minor Queries.</h2>
+
+<p><i>"Imprest" and "Debenture."</i>&mdash;When a person
+fulfilling any employment under any of the Government
+Boards has occasion to draw "money on
+account," an "imprest," addressed to the pay-master
+under that Board, is issued for the required
+sum; but when the final payment is made upon
+the "closing of the account," the "debenture"
+takes the place of the "imprest." Out of what
+verbal raw material are these words manufactured?
+I know of no other use of the word "imprest" as
+a substantive; and though we see "debenture"
+often enough in railway reports, I cannot perceive
+the analogy between its meanings in the two cases.</p>
+
+<p class="author">D. V. S.</p>
+
+<p>Home, May 17.</p>
+
+
+<p><i>Cosin's MSS.</i>&mdash;Basire, in his <i>Brief of the Life,
+&amp;c. of Bishop Cosin</i>, appended to his <i>Funeral
+Sermon</i> (Lond. 1673, p. 69.), after noticing
+several MS. works of Cosin's, some of which have
+not yet seen the light, adds, "These remains are
+earnestly recommended to his pious executor's
+care for publication."</p>
+
+<p>Can any of your correspondents kindly inform
+me, who are the lineal representatives of Cosin's
+pious executor? Basire mentions three "imperfect"
+works of Bishop Cosin's in manuscript: viz.
+<i>Annales Eccles.</i>, <i>Historia Conciliorum</i>, <i>Chronologia
+Sacra</i>. Is it known what has become of
+them? They appear to have fallen, with other
+MSS., into the hands of his executor.</p>
+
+<p class="author smcap">J. Sansom.</p>
+
+<p><i>Barclay's Argenis.</i>&mdash;What are the latest editions
+of this romance&mdash;the best, in Cowper's opinion,
+ever written, which Coleridge laments as being so
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[Pg 41]</a></span>little known, and which has been translated, I
+believe, into all the European languages? What
+are the principal as well as the latest <i>English</i>
+translations?</p>
+
+<p class="author smcap">Jartzberg.</p>
+
+
+<p><i>Clergy sold for Slaves.</i>&mdash;Walker, in his <i>Sufferings
+of the Clergy</i>, says, "There was a project
+on foot to sell some of the most eminent" (of the
+masters of colleges, doctors in divinity, &amp;c.) "to
+the Turks for slaves; and a considerable progress
+was made in that horrid purpose." And, writing
+of Dr. Ed. Layfield, under the head of "London
+Cathedrals," Walker again says, that "at last, in
+the company of others, he was clapt on shipboard
+under hatches;" and that "they were threatened
+to be sold slaves to the Algerines, or to some of
+our own plantations." Again, it is recorded in
+Bishop Cosin's life, that by his will "he gave
+towards the redemption of Christian captives at
+Algiers, 500<i>l.</i>; towards the relief of the distressed
+loyal party in England, 800<i>l.</i>:"&mdash;upon which I
+should be glad to put a Query; viz., Is there
+sufficient ground for supposing, that any of the
+loyal party were really sold for slaves during the
+rebellion? If otherwise, will Cosin's bequest throw
+any light upon R. W. B.'s Query, vol. i., p. 441.?</p>
+
+<p class="author smcap">J. Sansom.</p>
+
+
+<p><i>Meaning of Pallet.</i>&mdash;About a mile from Hume
+Castle, on the Scotch border, is a rock hill, which
+is called Hume <i>Pallet</i>.</p>
+
+<p>The only other name of the kind in this district
+is Kilpallet, in the heart of the Lammermuir hills,
+on the borders of Berwickshire and East Lothian.
+There was at this latter place once a religious
+house of some kind, and a burying ground, now
+hardly visible.</p>
+
+<p>What is the meaning of the word <i>Pallet</i>?</p>
+
+<p class="author">J. S. Q.</p>
+
+
+<p><i>Tobacco in the East.</i>&mdash;Can any of your readers
+inform me whether tobacco is indigenous to any
+part of Asia? Also, whether the habit of smoking
+(opium or tobacco), now universal <i>over the East</i>,
+dates there from before the discovery of America?
+And if not, from what period?</p>
+
+<p class="author">Z. A. Z.</p>
+
+
+<p><i>Stephanus Brulifer.</i>&mdash;Can any of your correspondents
+kindly refer me to a library containing
+a copy of Stephanus Brulifer, in lib. iv. <i>Sentent.
+Seraphici Doctoris Bonaventur&aelig;</i>, 8vo. Basil. 1507?</p>
+
+<p class="author smcap">J. Sansom.</p>
+
+<hr class="section short" />
+<h2><a name="Replies" id="Replies"></a>Replies.</h2>
+
+<h3><a name="ASINORUM_SEPULTURA" id="ASINORUM_SEPULTURA"></a>ASINORUM SEPULTURA.</h3>
+
+<p>To discover the origin of this phrase, your correspondent
+(Vol. ii., p. 8-9.) need not go further
+than to his Bible.</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"Sepultura asini sepelietur, putrefactus et projectus
+extra portas Jerusalem."&mdash;<i>Jerem.</i> xxii. 19.: cf. xxxvi. 30.</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>With regard to the extract given by Ducange,
+at the word "Imblocatus," from a "vetus formula
+Excommunicationis pr&aelig;clara," it is evident that
+the expressions,&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"Sint cadavera eorum in escam volatilibus c&#339;li, et
+bestiis terr&aelig;, et non sint qui sepeliant eos,"</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>have been derived from S. Jerome's Latin version
+from the Hebrew of Psal. lxxix. 2, 3.:</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"Dederunt cadavera servorum tuorum escam volatilibus
+c&#339;li; carnes sanctorum tuorum bestiis terr&aelig;.
+Effuderunt sanguinem eorum quasi aquam in circuitu
+Hierusalem, et non erat qui sepeliret."&mdash;Vide Jacobi
+Fabri Stapulensis <i>Quincuplex Psalterium</i>, fol. 116. b.,
+Paris, 1513; Sabatier, tom. ii. p. 162. Ib. 1751.</p></blockquote>
+
+<p class="author">R. G.</p>
+
+<p>The use of this term in the denunciation against
+Jehoiakim, more than six centuries <span class="smcap lower">B.C.</span>, and the
+previous enumeration of crimes in the 22nd chapter
+of Jeremiah, would seem sufficiently to account
+for its origin and use in regard to the disposal of
+the dead bodies of excommunicated or notorious
+malefactors, by the earliest Christian writers or
+judges. The Hebrew name of the ass, says Parkhurst,
+is "derived from its turbulence when excited
+by lust or rage;" and the animal was also made
+the symbol of slothful or inglorious ease, in the
+case of Issachar, <span class="smcap lower">B.C.</span> 1609: Genesis, xlix. 14. It
+is thus probable some reference to such characteristics
+of the brute and the criminal, rather than
+any mere general allusion to throwing the dead
+bodies of inferior or unclean animals (of which the
+dog was a more common type) under any rubbish
+beyond the precincts of the city, may have been
+intended, by specifying this animal in prescribing
+an ignominious sepulture.</p>
+
+<p class="author smcap">Lamba.</p>
+
+<p>It can hardly have escaped the notice of your
+Querist (although the instance is not one adduced
+by Ducange), that the phrase, "burial of an ass"
+&#1511;&#1456;&#1489;&#1493;&#1468;&#1512;&#1463;&#1514; &#1495;&#1458;&#1502;&#1493;&#1465;&#1512; for "no burial at all," is as
+old as the time of the prophet Jeremiah. (Vide
+chap. xxii. 19.) The <i>custom</i> referred to being of
+religious origin, might lead us to the sacred books
+for the origin of the <i>phrase</i> denoting it; and it
+seems natural for the Christian writers, in any
+mention of those whose bodies, like that of Jehoiakim,
+were for their sins deprived of the rites of
+sepulture, to use the striking phrase already provided
+for them in Scripture; and as natural for
+that phrase to continue in use even after the somewhat
+more civilised custom of "imblocation" had
+deprived it of its original reference to "the dead
+body's being cast out in the day to the heat, and
+in the night to the frost." (Jer. xxxvi. 30.)</p>
+
+<p class="author smcap">J. Eastwood.</p>
+
+<p>This phrase is, I think, accounted for by the ass
+being deprived of interment in consequence of the
+uses made of its dead carcass. After a description
+of the adaptation of his bones to instrumental
+music, Aldrovandus continues as follows:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[Pg 42]</a></span></div>
+
+<blockquote><p>"De corio notissimum, post obitum, ne quid asini
+unquam <i>conquiescat</i>, foraminibus delacerari, indeque
+factis cribris, assidu&aelig; inservire agitationi; unde dicebat
+Apuleius: cedentes hinc inde miserum corium, nec
+cribris jam idoneum relinquunt. Sed et Albertus pollicetur
+asinorum corium non solum utile esse ad soleas
+calceorum faciendas, sed etiam qu&aelig; ex illa parte fiunt,
+in qua onera fuerunt, non consumi, etsi ille qui utitur,
+eis continuo peregrinando in lapidibus portaverit, et
+tandem ita indurare ut pedes sustinere nequeant."&mdash;<i>De
+Quadruped.</i>, p. 351.</p></blockquote>
+
+<p class="author">T. J.</p>
+
+<hr  class="section short" />
+
+<h3><a name="POPE_FELIX" id="POPE_FELIX"></a>POPE FELIX.</h3>
+
+<p>Four Popes of the name have filled the chair of
+St. Peter.</p>
+
+<p>The first suffered martyrdom under Aurelian.
+He is honoured with a festival at Rome on the 29th
+May.</p>
+
+<p>The second also received the crown of martyrdom,
+under Constantine. His festival is kept on
+the 29th July.</p>
+
+<p>The third is commemorated as a holy confessor
+on the 25th February. He was a collateral ancestor
+of Pope St. Gregory the Great, who mentions
+him in his writings.</p>
+
+<p>Gregory had three aunts by the father's side,
+who all became nuns. One of them, Tarsilla, a
+lady of pious and beatified life, and of very advanced
+age, had one night a vision of Pope Felix,
+who was then dead. He seemed to point towards
+the mansions of eternal glory, and to invite her to
+enter. She soon after sickened, and her end
+visibly approached. While a number of her friends
+were standing around her couch, she suddenly exclaimed,
+looking upwards, "Stand aside, stand
+aside, Jesus is coming;" and with a look of ineffable
+love, she presently expired. This story is
+related by St. Gregory.</p>
+
+<p>This Pope is the best known of the four on account
+of his relationship to St. Gregory.</p>
+
+<p>The fourth of the name was also a confessor.
+His festival occurs on the 30th January.</p>
+
+<p class="author">J. A. S.</p>
+
+<p>Edinburgh, May 27. 1850.</p>
+
+<hr class="section short" />
+<h3><a name="REPLIES_TO_NUMISMATIC_QUERIES" id="REPLIES_TO_NUMISMATIC_QUERIES"></a>REPLIES TO NUMISMATIC QUERIES.</h3>
+
+<p>I beg to offer the following remarks in reply
+to the numismatic queries of E. S. T. (Vol. i.,
+p. 468.):&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>1. I can only account for the Macedonian coin
+being struck in lead, by supposing it to be the
+work of an ancient forger.</p>
+
+<p>2. Third brass coins of Tiberius are not uncommon;
+I have one in my cabinet of the sort
+described. Obv. head of Tiberius, <span class="smcap lower">TI. CAESAR.
+DIVI. AVG. F. AVGVSTVS</span>; Rev. the altar of Lyons,
+<span class="lower smcap">ROM. ET. AVG.</span></p>
+
+<p>3. The coin of Herennia Etruscilla is probably
+a base or plated denarius, the silver having been
+worn off. Silver coins sometimes acquire a black
+tarnish, so that they are not to be distinguished
+from brass without filing the edge, or steeping
+them in acid. If a genuine brass coin, it should
+have the S. C. for <i>Senatus Consultum</i>.</p>
+
+<p>4. The coin of Macrinus was struck at Antioch
+in Syria, of which famous city there exists a regular
+series of imperial coins from Augustus to
+Valerian. One in my possession has &#x0394; above the
+<span class="lower smcap">S. C.</span>, and &#x0395; below for &#x0394;&#x0397;&#x039C;&#x0391;&#x03A1;&#x03A7;. &#x0395;&#x039E;&#x039F;&#x03A5;&#x03A3;&#x0399;&#x0391;&#x03A3;, <i>Tribunitia
+Potestate</i>. May not these be the letters
+described by E. S. T. as <span class="lower smcap">L. C.</span>?</p>
+
+<p class="author smcap">J. C. Witton.</p>
+
+
+<p><i>Coins of Constantius II.</i>&mdash;Can any numismatist
+kindly inform me by what marks the coins of Constantius
+II., the son of Constantine the Great, are
+distinguished from those of Constantius Gallus, his
+nephew? Mr. Akerman, in his <i>Rare and Inedited
+Roman Coins</i>, gives the following titles as common
+to both, but does not afford any rule for appropriating
+their coins:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p class="smaller">
+CONSTANTIVS. NOB. CAES.<br />
+FL. IVL. CONSTANTIVS. NOB. CAES.<br />
+D. N. CONSTANTIVS. NOB. C.<br />
+D. N. CONSTANTIVS. NOB. CAES.<br />
+</p>
+
+<p class="author smcap">J. C. Witton.</p>
+
+<hr class="section short" />
+<h3><a name="AS_LAZY_AS_LUDLUMS_DOG" id="AS_LAZY_AS_LUDLUMS_DOG"></a>AS LAZY AS LUDLUM'S DOG.</h3>
+
+<p class="center">(Vol. i., p. 382.)</p>
+
+<p>I feel obliged by the extract from the <i>Doctor</i>
+given by J. M. B. (Vol. i., p. 475.), though it only
+answers by a kind of implication the Query I proposed.
+That implication is, that, instead of Ludlum
+and his dog being personages of distinction in
+their own way and in their own day, the proverb
+itself is merely one framed on the principle of
+alliteration, and without precise or definite "meaning."
+This is very full of meaning, as anyone
+may convince himself by observing the active
+energy of every muscle of all dogs in the act of
+barking. What can typify "laziness" more emphatically
+than a dog that "lays him[self] down
+to bark?"</p>
+
+<p>A <i>jingle</i> of some kind is essential to a proverb.
+If a phrase or expression have not this, it never
+"takes" with the masses; whilst, having this, and
+being capable of any possible and common application,
+it is sure to live, either as a proverb or a
+"saw," as the case may be. Alliteration and
+rhyme are amongst the most frequent of these
+"jingles;" and occasionally a "pun" supplies
+their place very effectively. We find these conditions
+fulfilled in the proverbs and saws of every
+people in the eastern and western world, alike in
+the remotest antiquity and in our own time. But
+are they therefore "without meaning?" Do not
+these qualities help to give them meaning, as well
+as to preserve them through their long and varied
+existence?</p>
+
+<p>But there is another principle equally essential
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[Pg 43]</a></span>to the constitution of a legitimate and lasting proverb;
+or rather two conjointly, <i>metre</i> and <i>euphony</i>.
+These may be traced in the proverb as completely
+as in the ballad; and precisely the same contrivances
+are employed to effect them in both cases
+where any ruggedness in the natural collocation
+of the words may present itself. For instance,
+change in the accent, the elision or the addition of
+a letter or syllable, the lengthening of a vowel,
+transposition, and a hundred other little artifices.
+The euphony itself, though sometimes a little imperfect,
+is also studied with the same kind of care
+in the older and purer proverbs of all languages.</p>
+
+<p>Attention to metre and euphony will generally
+enable us to assign, amongst the forms in which
+we pick up and note any particular proverb, the
+original and legitimate one; especially when combined
+with brevity and "pith." As a case in
+point, our friend Ludlum will serve our purpose
+for comparison. Who does not see at a glance,
+taking account of the principles which govern the
+construction of a proverb, that the Sheffield version,
+as I gave it, <i>must be</i> more genuine than
+Southey's version, quoted by J. M. B.? Besides
+this, I may add, that a friend, whose early days
+were spent in Sheffield, has told, me (since the
+Query was proposed) that he has heard his mother
+tell some legend of "the fat Miss Ludlum." After
+all, therefore, the proverb may be founded on a
+fat old maid and her fat poodle. I can hardly,
+then, deem my inquiry answered.</p>
+
+<p>J. M. B. quotes two others from the <i>Doctor</i>;
+one for the purpose, as would appear by his marking
+the words, to illustrate the alliterative principle.
+The following are variations which I have
+heard:&mdash;"As proud as the cobbler's dog, that
+took [or <i>as</i> took&mdash;the most general vernacular
+form, for the sake of euphony] the wall of a dung-cart,
+and got crushed for his pains." "As queer
+as Dick's hatband as went nine times round and
+wouldn't tie."</p>
+
+<p>On these I will only remark, that few persons
+would pronounce dung-cart as J. M. B. implies,
+even for alliteration; and, indeed, when so even
+marked to the eye, it is not without an effort that
+we can read accordingly. As to Dick's hatband,
+it is expressed in a peculiarly clumsy and round-about
+manner by Southey.</p>
+
+<p>One word more. J. M. B. quotes as a <i>proverb</i>&mdash;one
+of those without meaning&mdash;"As busy as
+Batty;" and says, "no one knows who Batty was."
+Surely, the inference that Batty was not a real
+personage in some distant age&mdash;that he was a
+mere myth&mdash;must be a <i>non sequitur</i> from the premises
+before us. Perhaps Mr. Batty was a person
+of notable industry&mdash;perhaps remarkable for always
+beings in a "fluster"&mdash;perhaps the rural Paul
+Pry of his day and district. He has left, too, a
+large progeny; whether as regards the name alone,
+or whichever of the characters he bore.</p>
+
+<p>This jingle upon words partakes largely of the
+character of the <i>pun</i>. It, however, reminds me of
+a mode of speech which universally prevailed in
+the north of Lincolnshire thirty years ago, and
+which probably does so yet. A specimen will explain
+the whole:&mdash;"I'm as throng as throng."
+"He looks as black as black." "It's as wet as
+wet." I have heard this mode used so as to produce
+considerable emphasis; and it is more than
+possible, that some of the jingles have thus originated,
+and settled into proverbs, now without any
+obvious meaning, but originally very forcible
+ones.</p>
+
+<p class="author">D. V. S.</p>
+
+<p>Shooter's Hill, May 18.</p>
+
+<hr class="section short" />
+<h2><a name="Replies_to_Minor_Queries" id="Replies_to_Minor_Queries"></a>Replies to Minor Queries.</h2>
+
+
+<p><i>Lord John Townshend's Poetical Works</i> (Vol. ii.,
+p. 9.)&mdash;were never, I believe, collected, nor indeed
+distinctly known, though they well deserve to be.
+He told me himself that he wrote "Jekyl," in what
+is called <i>The Rolliad</i>; and he mentioned some
+other of his contributions; but I did not <i>make a
+note</i>, and regret that I can say no more. Mr.
+Rogers or Lord Lansdowne might.</p>
+
+<p class="author">C.</p>
+
+
+<p><i>When Easter ends.</i>&mdash;Mr. H. Edwards, in this
+day's number (No. 31., p. 9.), asks when Easter ends.
+I fancy this question is in some degree answered
+by remarking, that it, together with other festivals
+of the Church, viz. The Nativity, &amp;c., are celebrated
+for eight days, which is the octave. The
+reason, says Wheatley, of its</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"Being fixed to eight days, is taken from the practice
+of the Jews, who, by God's appointment, observed
+the greater festivals, some of them for seven days, and
+one, the Feast of Tabernacles, for eight days. And
+therefore the Primitive Christians lengthened out their
+higher feast to eight days."</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>If this be true, Easter will end on the conclusion
+of the Sunday after Easter day; but whether our
+present Parliament is sufficiently Catholic to admit
+this, in the interpretation of the Act, is questionable.</p>
+
+<p>In the Spanish Church Easter continues till the
+feast of Whitsuntide is past; and during this
+period all fasts are forbidden.</p>
+
+<p>The Romish Church has ten high festivals having
+octaves.</p>
+
+<p>I trust this slight sketch may in some way help
+Mr. Edwards to a conclusion.</p>
+
+<p class="author">R. J. S.</p>
+
+<p><i>When does Easter end?</i> (Vol. ii., p. 9.).&mdash;In the
+case stated, at 12 o'clock on the night of Easter
+Sunday.</p>
+
+<p class="author">C.</p>
+
+
+<p><i>Holdsworth and Fuller.</i>&mdash;In A. B. R.'s communication
+(Vol. i., p. 484.) some symptoms of inaccuracy
+must be noted before a satisfactory reply
+can be given to his Query.</p>
+
+<div><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[Pg 44]</a></span></div>
+<p>1. He has erred in adopting the spelling of
+Holdsworth's name (viz. Holsworth) which appears
+in the title-page of <i>The Valley of Vision</i>.
+2. This work is very incorrectly styled "the sermon,"
+inasmuch as it consists of twenty-one
+sermons. 3. My copy bears date 1661, not 1651.
+4. If Holdsworth's hand was "legible only to himself,"
+we may sincerely commiserate the misfortune
+of his nephew, Dr. Richard Pearson, who
+had to prepare for the press 737 folio pages of
+his <i>Pr&aelig;lectiones Theologic&aelig;</i>, &amp;c.: Lond. 1661.
+5. There is not the smallest reason for thinking
+it "probable" that Dean Holdsworth "preached
+other men's sermons." Respecting our great
+Caroline divines it would seldom have been right
+to say&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"Quos (Harpyiarum more)<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Convectare juvat pr&aelig;das, et vivere rapto."<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p>Now, as to what Dr. Holdsworth really wrote,
+and with regard to that for which he is not responsible,
+it is to be observed, that he was so
+averse to the publication of any of his works, that
+he printed but a single sermon (on Psalm cxliv.
+15.), and that not until he had been three times
+urged to the task by his royal master King
+Charles I. The pagination of this discourse is
+quite distinct from that of the twenty unauthentic
+sermons which follow it in the quarto volume, and
+which commence at signature <span class="smcap">B</span>. These are thus
+described by Dr. Pearson, <i>ad Lectorem</i>: "C&aelig;ter&aelig;
+qu&aelig; prostant Anglic&egrave; venales, &agrave; pr&aelig;done illo
+stenographico tam lacer&aelig; et elumbes, tam miser&egrave;
+deformat&aelig; sunt, ut parum aut nihil agnoscas
+genii et spirit&ucirc;s Holdsworthiani."</p>
+
+<p class="author">R. G.</p>
+
+
+<p><i>Gookin</i> (Vol. i., pp. 385, 473, 492.).&mdash;Vincent
+Gookin was nominated by Cromwell one of the
+six representatives of Ireland in the Barebones
+Parliament; and he was returned for Bandon and
+Kinsale (which together sent one member) in
+each of the three subsequent Cromwellian Parliaments.</p>
+
+<p>Lord Orrery, writing to the Duke of Ormond,
+June 15, 1666, speaks of Captain Robert Gooking,
+as one of the chief persons in the west of Cork
+county, and describes him as rich and having good
+brains, loyal, and ready to fight against French or
+Irish, as every thing he has depends on his new
+title. (Orrery's <i>State Letters</i>, ii. p. 13. Dublin
+edition.) A little further on (p. 43.), Lord
+Orrery names the same Robert Gooking as recommended
+by the chief gentlemen in the west
+of Cork to be captain of a troop of horse in the
+militia.</p>
+
+<p class="author">CH.</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Brozier</i>" (Vol. i., p. 485.), "<i>Sock</i>," "<i>Tick.</i>"&mdash;I
+well remember the phrase, "brozier my dame," signifying
+to "eat her out of house and home." I had
+forgotten that a boy at Eton was "brozier,"
+when he had spent all his pocket-money. As a
+supplemental note, however, to Lord Braybrooke's
+remarks upon this latter signification, I would remind
+old Etonians of a request that would sometimes
+slip out from one in a "broziered" state,
+viz. that a schoolfellow would <i>sock</i> him, <i>i.e.</i> treat
+him to <i>sock</i> at the pastrycook's; and this favour
+was not unfrequently granted <i>on tick, i.e.</i> on credit
+with the purveyor of sweets.</p>
+
+<p>In reply to your noble correspondent's Query,
+I beg to say that Halliwell, in his <i>Dictionary of
+Archaic and Provincial Words</i>, both spells and defines
+thus: "Brosier. A bankrupt. <i>Chesh.</i>" Mr.
+H. says no more; but this seems to decide that the
+word does not exclusively belong to Eton. I
+could have fancied that on such classic ground it
+might possibly have sprung from &#x03B2;&#x03C1;&#x03CE;&#x03C3;&#x03BA;&#x03C9;, fut. -&#x03C3;&#x03C9;],
+<i>to devour</i>.</p>
+
+<p>Is <i>sock</i> only a corruption of <i>suck</i>, indicating a
+lollipop origin? or what is its real etymological
+root?</p>
+
+<p>Richardson most satisfactorily says, that to "go
+on <i>tick</i>" is to give a note or <i>ticket</i> instead of payment.</p>
+
+<p class="author smcap">Alfred Gatty.</p>
+
+<p>Ecclesfield, May 27. 1850.</p>
+
+<p>This Eton phrase, the meaning of which is very
+correctly explained <span class="smcap">Lord Braybrooke</span> (Vol. i.,
+p. 485.), appears to be connected with the Cheshire
+provincialism, which is thus interpreted in Wilbraham's
+<i>Cheshire Glossary</i>:&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"'Brosier, <i>s.</i> a bankrupt.' It is often used by boys
+at play, when one of them has nothing further to stake."</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>The noun <i>brosier</i>, as Mr. Wilbraham indicates,
+seems to be derived from the old word <i>brose</i>, or,
+as we now say, <i>bruise</i>. A <i>brosier</i> would therefore
+mean a broken-down man, and therefore a bankrupt.
+The verb <i>to brosier</i>, as used at Eton, would
+easily be formed from the substantive. In the
+medi&aelig;val Latin, <i>ruptura</i> and <i>ruptus</i> were used to
+signify <i>bankruptcy</i> and a <i>bankrupt</i>. See Duncange,
+<i>Gloss.</i> in vv.</p>
+
+<p class="author smcap">Etoniensis.</p>
+
+<p>The word <i>brozier</i>, or (as I always heard it
+pronounced) <i>brosier</i>, does not, or did not exclusively
+belong to Eton. It was current at Hackney
+School, an establishment formerly on the site of
+the present Infant Orphan Asylum, and had the
+precise meaning attributed to it by Lord Braybrooke.
+It was used both as a verb and as a substantive,
+but of its origin and etymology I am
+ignorant. The last master of Hackney School
+was the Rev. Dr. Heathcote, who died, I believe,
+about 1820. The schoolhouse was a very large
+and a very old building. May I take this opportunity
+of asking if anything is known of its history?
+There was a tradition prevalent among the
+boys, that it had been an hospital in the time of
+the Plague.</p>
+
+<p>I recollect there was another singular word
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[Pg 45]</a></span>current at Hackney, viz. "buckhorse," for a smart
+box on the ear.</p>
+
+<p class="author">C. M.</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>[Buckhorse was a celebrated bruiser, whose name
+has been preserved in this designation of a blow, in
+the same way as that of his successor "Belcher" has
+been in that of the peculiar style of silk handkerchief
+which he always wore.]</p></blockquote>
+
+
+<p><i>Symbols of Four Evangelists.</i>&mdash;Among the
+several replies to <span class="smcap">Jartzberg's</span> Query (Vol. i.,
+p. 385.), I do not observe any notice of Sir T. Brown's
+account of the symbols of the four Evangelists.
+I will therefore copy part of a note I
+have on the subject, though see it is unfortunately
+without any other reference than the <i>name</i>
+of the author.</p>
+
+<p>After giving <i>Jonathan's</i> opinion of the four
+principal or legionary standards among the Israelites,
+Sir T. Brown adds:</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"But Abenegra and others, besides the colours of
+the field, do set down other charges,&mdash;in Reuben's, the
+form of a man or mandrake,&mdash;in that of Judah, a lion,&mdash;in
+Ephraim's, an ox; in Dan's, the figure of an eagle.
+And thus, indeed, the four figures in the banners of the
+principal squadrons of Israel are answerable unto the
+Church in the vision of Ezekiel, every one carrying
+the form of all these.... And conformable hereunto,
+the pictures of the Evangelists (whose Gospels
+are the Christian banners) are set forth with the addition
+of a man or angel, an ox, a lion, and an eagle.
+And these symbolically represent the office of angels
+and ministers of God's will, in whom is required, understanding
+as in a man, courage and vivacity as in a
+lion, service and ministerial officiousness as in the ox,
+expedition or celerity of execution as in the eagle."</p></blockquote>
+
+<p class="author smcap">J. Sansom.</p>
+
+
+<p><i>Catacombs and Bone-houses</i> (Vol. i. p. 171.).&mdash;Part
+I. of a <i>History of the Hundred of Rowell</i> by
+Paul Cypher (published by J. Ginns, Rowell,)
+has recently fallen in my way, and as I understand
+the writer is a medical gentleman residing
+in the village (or town), I condense from the account
+of the "Bone Caverns," p. 39-42., such
+particulars as may answer the Query of Rev. A. Gatty.</p>
+
+<p>The number of skeletons, as is asserted by those
+who have taken the trouble to calculate, is 30,000.
+The vault in which they are deposited is a long
+cryptiform structure, with a low groined roof, and
+the bones are carefully packed in alternate strata
+of skulls, arms, legs, and so forth. They seem to
+have been discovered by a gravedigger about 150
+years since. Nothing is known with certainty
+respecting the date of this vast collection. Some
+conjecture that the remains here deposited are the
+consequence of a sanguinary battle in very early
+times, and profess to discover peculiarities in the
+osseous structure, showing a large proportion of
+the deceased to have been natives of a distant
+land; that all were in the prime of life; and that
+most of the skulls are fractured, as though with
+deadly weapons. Others, again, say they are the
+remains of the slain at Naseby.</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"I have examined carefully and at leisure the crania,
+and can discover none but the mesobreginate skulls
+common to these islands.... I have discovered more
+than one skull, in which the alveolar sockets were entirely
+absorbed,&mdash;an effect of age rarely produced under
+eighty years, I should imagine. And as to the marks
+of injury visible on some, they will be attributed, I
+think, by the impartial observer, rather to the spade
+and foot of the sexton, than the battle-axe and stout
+arm of the ancient Briton."</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>As to the supposition that these relics were
+brought from Naseby, it is sufficient to observe
+that the number of the slain in that engagement
+did not exceed one thousand.</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"That most of these bodies were lying in the earth
+for a number of years is proved, I think, by these several
+circumstances: First, a careful examination of the interior
+of many of the skulls, shows that roots have vegetated
+within them, the dry fibres of which I have often
+observed; next, the teeth are nearly all absent, and it
+is notoriously one of the first effects of inhumation upon
+the osseous system, by which the teeth are loosened;
+and lastly, we have two sources from which bodies may
+have been exhumed and reinterred beneath the mother
+church; and those are the Chapel of the Virgin and that
+moiety of the original graveyard, which has evidently
+at some long distant time, been taken from the church."</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>Human bones have been dug up in front of
+Jesus Hospital, to the south-east of the church-yard.
+At the eastern extremity of the cavern is
+a rude sketch apparently intended to represent
+the Resurrection.</p>
+
+<p class="author smcap">Arun.</p>
+
+<p><i>Tace Latin for a Candle</i> (Vol. i., p. 385).&mdash;I
+am not aware of "Tace is Latin for a candle"
+in any earlier book than Swift's <i>Polite Conversation</i>;
+but it must have been threadbare in his
+time, or he would not have inserted it in that great
+collection of platitudes:&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"<i>Lord Smart.</i> Well, but after all, Tom, can you tell
+me what is Latin for a goose?</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Neverout.</i> O, my Lord, I know that; why, Brandy
+is Latin for a goose, and <i>Tace</i> is Latin for a candle."</p></blockquote>
+
+<p class="author">H. B. C.</p>
+
+
+<p><i>Members for Durham&mdash;why none prior to</i>
+1673-4 (Vol. ii., p. 8.).&mdash;Because Durham was an
+episcopal palatine, which had jurisdictions, and
+even, in olden times, a Parliament of its own.
+Several bills were brought in between 1562 and
+1673, to give M.P.'s to both county and city; but
+an act was only passed in the latter year. The first
+writ was moved, it is said, in 1675; but the first
+return is dated in Whitworth, 1679. (Oldfield's
+<i>Parl. Hist.</i>, iii. 425.)</p>
+
+<p class="author">C.</p>
+
+
+<p>"<i>A Frog he would</i>," <i>&amp;c.</i>&mdash;I am in my sixth
+decade, and pretty far on in it too; and I can recollect
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[Pg 46]</a></span>this jingle as long as I can recollect anything.
+It formed several stanzas (five or six at
+least), and had its own tune. There was something
+peculiarly attractive and humorous to the
+unformed ear and mind in the ballad, (for as a
+ballad it was sung,) as I was wont to hear it. I
+can therefore personally vouch for its antiquity
+being half a century. But, beyond this, I must
+add, that my early days being spent in a remote
+provincial village (high up the Severn), and the
+ballad, as I shall call it, being <i>universally known</i>, I
+cannot help inferring that it is of considerable
+antiquity. Anything of then recent date could
+hardly be both generally known and universally
+popular in such a district and amongst such a
+people. Whether it had a local origin there or
+not, it would be difficult to say but I never heard
+it spoken of as having any special application to
+local persons or affairs. Of course there are only
+two ways of accounting for its popularity,&mdash;either
+its application, or its jingle of words and tune. If
+I may venture a "guess," it would be, that it had
+originally a political application, in some period
+when all men's minds were turned to some one
+great politico-religious question; and this, not unlikely,
+the period of the Cavaliers and Roundheads.
+We know how rife this kind of warfare was in that
+great struggle. Or again, it might be as old as
+the Reformation itself, and have a reference to
+Henry the Eighth and Anna Boleyn.</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"The frog he would a-wooing go,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Whether his mother would let him or no,"<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p>would not inaptly represent the "wide-mouthed
+waddling frog" Henry&mdash;"mother church,"&mdash;and
+the "gleesome Anna" would be the "merry
+mouse in the mill." It may be worth the while of
+gentlemen conversant with the ballad literature
+and political squibs of both the periods here indicated,
+to notice any traces in other squibs and
+ballads of the same imagery that is employed in
+this. It would also be desirable, if possible, to get
+a complete copy of these verses. My own memory
+can only supply a part, or rather disjointed parts:
+but I think it probable that it may be easily obtained
+by persons resident in the counties bordering
+on North Wales, especially in Shropshire or
+Herefordshire, and perhaps in Cheshire or Staffordshire.</p>
+
+<p>I should not have thought of troubling you with
+my own reminiscences as an answer to an antiquarian
+question, but for the fact that even these
+go further back than any information that has been
+sent you.</p>
+
+<p class="author">T. S. D.</p>
+
+<p>Shooter's Hill, June 7.</p>
+
+
+<p><i>Cavell</i> (Vol. i., p. 473.).&mdash;To cast cavells,
+<i>i.e.</i> to cast lots, is in constant every-day use in
+Northumberland. The Teutonic derivation given
+is correct.</p>
+
+<p class="author">W.</p>
+
+
+<p><i>To endeavour Ourselves&mdash;The Homilies.</i>&mdash;Perhaps
+your correspondents G. P. (Vol. i., p 125.),
+and C. I. R. (Vol. i., p. 285) may, from the following
+passages, conclude that "ourselves", is the
+object of the verb "endeavour."</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"He did this to this intent, 'that the whole clergy,
+in the mean space, might apply themselves to prayer,
+not doubting but that all his loving subjects would
+occupy themselves to God's honour, and so endeavour
+themselves that they may be more ready,'" &amp;c. &amp;c.&mdash;Heylin,
+<i>Hist. of the Reform. from an Act passed in
+Edward VI.'s Reign</i>, 1548.</p>
+
+<p>"Let us endeavour ourselves, both inwardly in our
+hearts, and also outwardly with our bodies, diligently
+to exercise this godly exercise of fasting."&mdash;<i>Homily
+on Fasting</i> (end).</p>
+
+<p>"Only show yourselves thankful in your lives, determine
+with yourselves to refuse and avoid all such
+things in your conversation as should offend his eyes of
+mercy. Endeavour yourselves that way to rise up
+again, which way ye fell into the well or pit of sin."&mdash;<i>Hom.
+on the Resur.</i> (near the end).</p>
+
+<p>"From henceforth let us endeavour ourselves to
+walk in a new life."&mdash;<i>Hom. of Repentance</i>, Pt. 2. (end).</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>There are many other similar passages in the
+"Homilies". I have also noticed the following
+Latimer's Sermons:&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"The devil, with no less diligence, endeavoureth
+himself to let and stop our prayers."&mdash;Vol. i. p. 829.
+Parker Soc. edit.</p>
+
+<p>"Every patron, when he doth not diligently endeavor
+himself to place a good and godly man in his
+benefice, shall make answer before God."&mdash;Vol. ii.
+p. 28.</p>
+
+<p>"Let them endeavour themselves." [I have forgotten
+the reference in this case, but it is in vol. i.]</p>
+
+<p>"How much, then, should we endeavour ourselves
+to make ready towards this day, when it shall not be
+a money matter, but a soul matter." (ii. p. 62)</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>As I am engaged on a work on the "Homilies,"
+I should feel very grateful for any allusions to
+them in writers between 1600 and 1650, and for
+any notices of their being read in churches during
+that period. Can any of your readers inform me
+where the fullest account may be found of the
+state of preaching in England prior to the Reformation?</p>
+
+<p class="author smcap">Thomas Cox.</p>
+
+<p>Preston, May 25. 1850.</p>
+
+
+<p><i>Three Dukes</i> (Vol. ii., p. 9.).&mdash;The verses themselves
+called them "three <i>bastard</i> dukes;" but
+the only bastard duke I can find at that time was
+the Duke of Monmouth; all the other creations of
+the king's bastards were subsequent to that date.
+And even if, by poetical licence or courtly anticipation,
+they could be called <i>dukes</i>, they were all
+too young to have any share in such a fray. I
+must further observe, that <i>Evelyn's Diary</i> is silent
+as to any such events, though he is, about that
+time, justly indignant at the immoralities of the
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[Pg 47]</a></span>Court. The "park" referred to, but not named
+in the verses, is the disreputable place called
+"Whetstone Park," near Holborn.</p>
+
+<p class="author">C.</p>
+
+
+<p><i>Christabel</i> (Vol. i., p. 262.).&mdash;After a long hunt
+among Manx and Highland superstitions, I have
+just found that the passage I was in search of
+belongs to "the Debateable Land."</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"'Reverend father,' replied Magdalen, 'hast thou
+never heard that there are spirits powerful to rend the
+walls of a castle asunder when once admitted, which
+yet <i>cannot enter the house unless they are invited, nay,
+dragged over the threshold</i>? Twice hath Roland Gr&#339;me
+been thus drawn into the household of Avenel by those
+who now hold the title. Let them look to the issue.'"&mdash;<i>The
+Abbot</i>, chap. 15., ad fin., <i>and note</i>.</p></blockquote>
+
+<p class="author smcap">C. Forbes.</p>
+
+<p>Temple, April 15.</p>
+
+<p><i>Derivation of "Trianon"</i> (Vol. i., p. 439.; vol. ii.,
+p. 13.).&mdash;Your correspondent <span class="smcap">Aredjid Kooes</span> is
+certainly right: Trianon was the <i>name of a village</i>,
+which formerly stood on the site of these two
+chateaux. (See Vatout, and all the histories of
+Versailles.) I would take this occasion of suggesting,
+that it is essential to the value of your work
+that your correspondents should be careful not to
+<i>lead</i> us astray by mere <i>guesses</i>. What authority
+has your correspondent J. K. R. W. (Vol. ii., p. 13.)
+for asserting that "<i>trianon</i> is a word meaning a
+<i>pavilion</i>?" And if, as I believe, he has not the
+slightest, I appeal to him whether it is fair to the
+public to assert it so confidently.</p>
+
+<p class="author">C.</p>
+
+<hr class="section short" />
+<h2><a name="Miscellaneous" id="Miscellaneous"></a>Miscellaneous.</h2>
+
+<h3><a name="NOTES_ON_BOOKS_CATALOGUES_SALES_ETC" id="NOTES_ON_BOOKS_CATALOGUES_SALES_ETC"></a>NOTES ON BOOKS, CATALOGUES, SALES, ETC.</h3>
+
+<p>We recently called attention to Mr. Colburn's new
+Edition of <i>The Diary and Correspondence of John
+Evelyn</i>. We have now to announce from the same
+publisher an inedited work by Evelyn, entitled <i>The
+History of Religion</i>, to be printed from the original
+MS. in the Library at Wotton. The work, which it
+is said contains a condensed statement and investigation
+of the natural and scriptural evidences, is the result of
+an endeavour on Evelyn's part to satisfy himself amidst
+the startling manifestations of infidelity, fanaticism, and
+conflicting opinion by which he found himself surrounded.</p>
+
+<p>Sir Fortunatus Dwarris has just put forth a privately
+printed Letter to J. Payne Collier, Esq., in which he
+endeavours to solve the great political Query of George
+the Third's time. His pamphlet is called <i>Some new
+Facts and a Suggested New Theory as to the Authorship
+of the Letters of Junius</i>. Sir Fortunatus' theory, which
+he supports with a good deal of amusing illustration
+by way of proof, is, that Junius, to use the language of
+Mark Tapley, was "a Co.," "that the writer was one,
+but the abettors were many," that Sir Philip Francis
+was the head of the Firm, but that among the sleeping
+partners were Lords Temple, Chatham, and George
+Sackville, the three Burkes, Colonel Barr&eacute;, Dyer,
+Loyd, Boyd, and others.</p>
+
+<p>It can scarcely be necessary to remind our Arch&aelig;ological
+friends that the Annual Meeting of the Institute
+at Oxford will commence on Tuesday next. The selection
+of Oxford as the place of meeting was a most happy
+one, and from the preparations which have been made,
+both by the Heads of Houses and the Managers of the
+Institute, there can be little doubt of the great success
+of this Oxford Congress of Arch&aelig;ologists.</p>
+
+<p>Messrs. Sotheby and Co. will commence on Monday,
+the 24th of this month, the Sale of the second portion
+of the valuable stock of Messrs. Payne and Foss, including
+an excellent collection of Classics, Philology,
+History, and Belles Lettres,&mdash;a recent purchase from
+the Library of a well-known collector,&mdash;and about fifteen
+hundred volumes bound by the most eminent binders.
+The sale of this portion will occupy nine days.</p>
+
+<p>We have received the following catalogues:&mdash;John
+Russell Smith (4. Old Compton Street), A Rider
+Catalogue of Second-hand Books; John Miller's (43.
+Chandos Street) Catalogue, No. 7. for 1850, of Books
+Old and New; William Heath's (29-1/2. Lincoln's Inn
+Fields) Select Catalogue of Second-hand Books; and
+Bernard Quaritch's (16. Castle Street, Leicester Square)
+Catalogue No. 17. of Books, comprising Architecture,
+Fine Arts, Dialects, and Languages of Europe and
+Asia; and Cole's (15. Great Turnstile) List No. XXVI.
+of very Cheap Second-hand Books.</p>
+
+<hr class="section short"  />
+<h3><a name="BOOKS_AND_ODD_VOLUMES" id="BOOKS_AND_ODD_VOLUMES"></a>BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES</h3>
+
+
+<p class="center">WANTED TO PURCHASE.</p>
+
+<p class="center">(<i>In continuation of Lists in former Nos.</i>)</p>
+
+<p class="smaller">
+<span class="smcap">Arcana of Science.</span> 1829.<br />
+<span class="smcap">Andrew Stewart's Letters to Lord Mansfield on the Douglas Case.</span> About 1793.<br />
+<span class="smcap">Newman on the Arians.</span><br />
+<span class="smcap">Lawson on the Hebrews.</span><br />
+<span class="smcap">Westphalii Monumenta Inedita Rer. Germanicarum.</span><br />
+<span class="smcap">Bircherodius de Cornibus Et Cornutis</span>, 4to. Hafni&aelig;.<br />
+</p>
+
+<p class=" smaller center"><i>Odd Volumes.</i></p>
+
+<blockquote class="smaller"><p>The first volume of <span class="smcap">The Works of Alexander Pope, Esq.</span>
+London, printed in the year 1772. No publisher named.</p>
+
+<p>The third volume of <span class="smcap">The Works of Shakspeare</span>, in Ten Vols.
+Edinburgh, printed by Marten and Wotherspoon. 1767.</p>
+
+<p>&#x2042; Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, <i>carriage free</i>,
+to be sent to Mr. <span class="smcap">Bell</span>, Publisher of "NOTES AND
+QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.</p></blockquote>
+
+<hr class="section short" />
+<h3><a name="Notices_to_Correspondents" id="Notices_to_Correspondents"></a>Notices to Correspondents.</h3>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">Chaucer's Tomb.</span> <i>Will</i> J. W. P., <i>who has forwarded
+to us a contribution to the Restoration of Chaucer's Monument,
+favour us with his name and address?</i></p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">Title-Page and Index to Volume the First.</span>
+<i>The preparation of the Index with that fulness which
+can alone render it useful, has taken more time than was
+anticipated. It will, however, be ready very shortly.</i></p>
+
+<p><i>Covers for the First Volume are preparing, and will be
+ready for Subscribers with the Title-Page and Index.</i></p>
+
+<div><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[Pg 48]</a></span></div>
+<hr class="chapter hidden" />
+<h2><a name="NEW_WORKS_IN_GENERAL_LITERATURE" id="NEW_WORKS_IN_GENERAL_LITERATURE"></a>NEW WORKS IN GENERAL LITERATURE</h2>
+
+<hr class="section short" />
+
+<p class="center">I.</p>
+
+<p>MEMOIRS OF THE DUKES OF URBINO
+(1440 to 1630). By <span class="smcap">James Dennistoun</span>, of Dennistoun. With
+numerous Portraits, Plates, Facsimiles, and Woodcuts. 3 vols.
+square crown 8vo. 2l. 8s.</p>
+
+<p class="center">II.</p>
+
+<p>SIR ROGER DE COVERLEY. From "The
+Spectator." With Notes, &amp;c., by <span class="smcap">W. H. Willis</span>; and Twelve
+fine Woodcuts from drawings by <span class="smcap">F. Tayler</span>. Crown 8vo. 15s.;
+morocco, 27s.</p>
+
+<p class="center">III.</p>
+
+<p>Mrs. JAMESON'S SACRED and LEGENDARY
+ART; or, LEGENDS of the SAINTS and MARTYRS.
+New Edition, complete in One Volume; with Etchings by the
+Author, and Woodcuts. Square crown 8vo. 28s.</p>
+
+<p class="center">IV.</p>
+
+<p>Mrs. JAMESON'S LEGENDS OF THE
+SAINTS AND MARTYRS, as represented in the Fine Arts.
+With Etchings by the Author, and Woodcuts. Square crown
+8vo. 28s.</p>
+
+<p class="center">V.</p>
+
+<p>THE CHURCH IN THE CATACOMBS: a
+Description of the Primitive Church of Rome. By <span class="smcap">Charles
+Maitland</span>. New Edition, with Woodcuts. 8vo. 14s.</p>
+
+<p class="center">VI.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. MACAULAY'S HISTORY OF ENGLAND,
+from the Accession of James II. New Edition. Vols. I.
+and II. 8vo. 32s.</p>
+
+<p class="center">VII.</p>
+
+<p>JOHN COAD'S MEMORANDUM of the
+SUFFERINGS of the REBELS sentenced to Transportation by
+Judge Jeffreys. Square fcap. 8vo. 4s. 6d.</p>
+
+<p class="center">VIII.</p>
+
+<p>AN INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH ANTIQUITIES.
+Intended as a Companion to the History of
+England. BY <span class="smcap">James Eccleston</span>. With many Wood Engravings.
+8vo. 12s.</p>
+
+<p class="center">IX.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. A. RICH'S ILLUSTRATED COMPANION
+to the LATIN DICTIONARY and GREEK LEXICON.
+With about 2,000 Woodcuts, from the Antique.
+Post 8vo. 21s.</p>
+
+<p class="center">X.</p>
+
+<p>MAUNDER'S TREASURY OF KNOWLEDGE
+and LIBRARY of REFERENCE: a Compendium
+of Universal Knowledge. New Edition. Fcap. 8vo. 10s.;
+bound 12s.</p>
+
+<p class="center">XI.</p>
+
+<p>MAUNDER'S BIOGRAPHICAL TREASURY;
+a New Dictionary of Ancient and Modern Biography;
+comprising about 12,000 Memoirs. New Edition, with Supplement.
+Fcap. 8vo. 10s.; bound, 12s.</p>
+
+<p class="center">XII.</p>
+
+<p>MAUNDER'S SCIENTIFIC AND LITERARY
+TREASURY: a copious portable Encyclop&aelig;dia of
+Science and the Belles Lettres. New Edition. Fcap. 8vo. 10s.;
+bound, 12s.</p>
+
+<p class="center">XIII.</p>
+
+<p>MAUNDER'S HISTORICAL TREASURY:
+comprising an Outline of General History, and a separate History
+of every Nation. New Edition. Fcap. 8vo. 10s.; bound, 12s.</p>
+
+<p class="center">XIV.</p>
+
+<p>MAUNDER'S TREASURY OF NATURAL
+HISTORY, or, a Popular Dictionary of Animated Nature.
+New Edition; with 900 Woodcuts. Fcap. 8vo. 10s.; bound, 12s.</p>
+
+<p class="center">XV.</p>
+
+<p>SOUTHEY'S COMMON-PLACE BOOK.
+<span class="smcap">First Series</span>&mdash;CHOICE PASSAGES, &amp;c. <span class="smcap">Second Edition</span>,
+with Medallion Portrait. Square crown 8vo. 18s.</p>
+
+<p class="center">XVI.</p>
+
+<p>SOUTHEY'S COMMON-PLACE BOOK.
+<span class="smcap">Second Series</span>&mdash;SPECIAL COLLECTIONS. Edited by the
+<span class="smcap">Rev. J. W. Warter</span>, B.D., the Author's Son-in-Law. Square
+crown 8vo. 18s.</p>
+
+<p class="center">XVII.</p>
+
+<p>SOUTHEY'S COMMON-PLACE BOOK.
+<span class="smcap">Third Series</span>&mdash;ANALYTICAL READINGS. Edited by Mr.
+<span class="smcap">Southey</span>'s Son-in-Law, the Rev. <span class="smcap">J. W. Warter</span>, B.D. Square
+crown 8vo. 21s.</p>
+
+<p class="center">XVIII.</p>
+
+<p>SOUTHEY'S COMMON-PLACE BOOK.
+<span class="smcap">Fourth and Concluding Series</span>&mdash;ORIGINAL MEMORANDA,
+&amp;c. Edited by the Rev. J. W. <span class="smcap">Warter</span>, B.D., Mr. <span class="smcap">Southey's</span>
+Son-in-Law. Square crown 8vo. [Nearly Ready.]</p>
+
+<p class="center">XIX.</p>
+
+<p>SOUTHEY'S THE DOCTOR. &amp;c. Complete
+in One Volume, with Portrait, Bust, Vignette, and coloured
+Plate. Edited by the Rev. J. W. <span class="smcap">Warter</span>, B.D., the Author's
+Son-in-Law. Square crown 8vo. 21s.</p>
+
+<p class="center">XX.</p>
+
+<p>SOUTHEY'S LIFE and CORRESPONDENCE.
+Edited by his Son, the Rev. C. C. <span class="smcap">Southey</span>, M.A.;
+with Portraits and Landscape Illustrations. 6 vols. post 8vo. 63s.</p>
+
+<hr class="half section" />
+
+<p class="center">LONDON:</p>
+
+<p class="center">LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, AND LONGMANS.</p>
+
+<hr class="full section" />
+
+
+<p class="smaller">Printed by <span class="smcap">Thomas Clark Shaw</span>, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride,
+in the City of London; and published by <span class="smcap">George Bell</span>, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in
+the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.&mdash;Saturday, June 15. 1850.</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 33,  June
+15, 1850, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES, QUERIES, JUNE 15, 1850. ***
+
+***** This file should be named 26121-h.htm or 26121-h.zip *****
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+</body>
+</html>
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+Project Gutenberg's Notes and Queries, Number 33,  June 15, 1850, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Notes and Queries, Number 33,  June 15, 1850
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: July 24, 2008 [EBook #26121]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES, QUERIES, JUNE 15, 1850. ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, V. L. Simpson
+and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images
+generously made available by The Internet Library of Early
+Journals.)
+
+
+
+
+
+    +---------------------------------------------------------------+
+    | Transcriber's Note: Italicized words, phrases, etc. are       |
+    | surrounded by _underline characters_. Greek transliterations  |
+    | are surrounded by ~tildes~. Hebrew transliterations appear    |
+    | like #this#.                                                  |
+    | Archaic spellings have been retained.                         |
+    | Some hyphenation inconsistencies retained.                    |
+    | Superscript contractions indicated as S^r                     |
+    | Page numbers have been retained. Indicated as {Page}          |
+    +---------------------------------------------------------------+
+
+
+                                                                    {33}
+
+NOTES AND QUERIES:
+
+A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES,
+GENEALOGISTS, ETC.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"WHEN FOUND, MAKE A NOTE OF."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  NO. 33.]
+
+  SATURDAY, JUNE 15. 1850.
+
+  {Price Threepence.
+  {Stamped Edition, 4d.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  CONTENTS.                                               Page
+
+  NOTES:--
+
+    Dr. Whichcote and Lord Shaftesbury, by S. W. Singer     33
+    The Rebel                                               34
+    Notes on the Hippopotamus                               35
+    Folk Lore:--Northamptonshire Charms for Wens,
+      Cramp, Tooth-ache, West or Sty, &c.                   36
+    Brasichellen and Serpilius, by J. Sansom                37
+
+  QUERIES:--
+
+    Sir George Buc, by Rev. T. Corser                       38
+    Cosas de Espana                                         39
+    Carter's Drawings of York Cathedral, by J. Britton      40
+  Minor Queries:--"Imprest" and "Debenture"--Cosen's
+      MSS.--Barclay's Argenis--Clergy sold for Slaves--
+      Meaning of Pallet--Tobacco in the East--Stephanus
+      Brulifer                                              40
+
+  REPLIES:--
+
+    Asinorum Sepultura                                      41
+    Pope Felix                                              42
+    Replies to Numismatic Queries                           42
+    "As Lazy as Ludlum's Dog"                               42
+    Replies to Minor Queries:--Lord John
+      Townshend--When Easter ends--Holdsworth and
+      Fuller--Gookin--"Brozier"--Symbols of Four
+      Evangelists--Catacombs and Bone-houses--Tace Latin
+      for Candle--Members for Durham--"A Frog he would,"
+      &c.--Cavell--To endeavour ourselves--Three
+      Dukes--Christabel--Derivation of "Trianon"            43
+
+  MISCELLANEOUS:--
+
+    Notes on Books, Catalogues, Sales, &c.                  47
+    Books and Odd Volumes Wanted                            47
+    Notices to Correspondents                               47
+    Advertisements                                          48
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+Notes.
+
+
+DR. WHICHCOTE, MICHAEL AYNSWORTH, AND LORD SHAFTESBURY.
+
+Not less remarkable and interesting than the publication of Dr.
+Whichcote's Sermons by the noble author of the _Characteristics_, is a
+posthumous volume (though never designed for the press) under the
+following title:--
+
+    "Several Letters written by a Noble Lord to a Young Man at the
+    University.
+
+    "Quo semel est imbuta recens servabit odorem Testa diu.--_Hor.
+    Epist._ ii. 1.
+
+    "Printed for J. Roberts, near the Oxford Arms, in Warwick Lane,
+    1716. 8vo."
+
+The young man was Michael Aynsworth, of University College, Oxford,
+afterwards vicar of Cornhampton, in Hampshire, and master of the Free
+School there. He was a native of Dorsetshire; his father, who was in
+narrow circumstances, living near Wimborne St. Giles's, the seat of Lord
+Shaftesbury, by whom the son seems to have been nobly patronised, on
+account of his inclination to learning and virtuous disposition.
+
+The published letters are only _ten_ in number; but I have an accurate
+manuscript transcript of _fifteen_, made from the originals by R.
+Flexman (who had been a pupil of Aynsworth) in 1768. The transcriber's
+account is as follows:--
+
+    "After Mr. Aynsworth's death, these letters remained in the
+    possession of his daughter, and at her decease passed into the
+    the hands of the Rev. Mr. Upton, the then vicar of Cornhampton;
+    by him they were lent to my brother John Baker, of Grove Place,
+    in Hampshire, who lent them to me. It will be perceived that the
+    ten printed letters are not given as they were written, every
+    thing of a private nature being omitted, and passages only given
+    of other letters, just as the editor judged proper."
+
+R. Flexman has made some remarks illustrative of the letters at the end
+of his transcript, and added some particulars relating to Lord
+Shaftesbury. He justly says,--
+
+    "I think these letters will show his lordship in a more
+    favourable light with respect to the Christian religion than his
+    _Characteristics_, which, though they may be condemned on that
+    account, will ever remain a lasting monument of the genius of
+    the noble writer. It is certain, too, the friends of
+    Christianity are obliged to him for the publication of one of
+    the best volumes of sermons that ever appeared in the English
+    language. They are twelve in number, by Dr. Benjamin Whichcote.
+    These sermons (as well as the preface, which is admirable)
+    breathe such a noble spirit of Christianity, as I think will
+    efface every notion that his lordship was an enemy to the
+    Christian religion. In this preface he calls Dr. Whichcote (from
+    his pleading in defence of natural goodness) the 'preacher of
+    good nature.'"
+
+What follows will, I think, be acceptable to your correspondents C H.
+and C. R. S.
+
+    "I have heard that the way in which Lord Shaftesbury got
+    possession of the manuscript sermons was this:--Going one day to
+    visit his grandmother, the Countess Dowager, widow of the first
+    Earl, he found her reading a manuscript; on inquiring what she
+    was reading, she replied, that it was a sermon. His             {34}
+    lordship expressed his surprise that she should take so much
+    trouble as to read a manuscript sermon when there were such
+    numbers in print. She said, she could find none so good as those
+    she had in manuscript. Lord Shaftesbury then requested the
+    favour of being allowed to peruse it, and having done so, he
+    inquired of the Countess if she had any more, as he should like
+    to read them all if she had. Having received and read them, he
+    was so much pleased, that he resolved to print them; and having
+    them prepared for the press, he published them with a preface
+    recommending the sermons and highly praising the author."
+
+It appears that the sermons were prepared for the press, at Lord
+Shaftesbury's instance, by the Rev. William Stephens, rector of Sutton,
+in Surrey; but the fact of the preface being by himself rests on the
+undoubted evidence of his sister, Lady Betty Harris (wife of James
+Harris of Salisbury, the author of _Hermes_), who mentioned having
+written it from her brother's dictation, he being at that time too ill
+to write himself.
+
+The letters to Michael Aynsworth are very interesting, from their
+benevolent, earnest, and truly pious spirit, and might even now be read
+with advantage by a young student of theology: but, being very severe in
+many places upon the greater part of the body of the clergy _called_ the
+Church of England, could have been by no means palatable to the High
+Church party,--
+
+    "Who no more esteem themselves a Protestant Church, or in union
+    with those of Protestant communion, though they pretend to the
+    name of Christian, and would have us judge of the spirit of
+    Christianity from theirs; which God prevent! lest men should in
+    time forsake Christianity through their means."
+
+The eleventh letter in the MS. is important on account of the
+observations it contains on the consequences which must inevitably arise
+from Locke's doctrine respecting innate ideas. Locke had been tutor both
+to Lord Shaftesbury and his father:--
+
+    "Mr. Locke, much as I honour him, and well as I know him, and
+    can answer for his sincerity as a most zealous Christian
+    believer, has espoused those principles which Mr. Hobbes set on
+    foot in the last century, and has been followed by the Tindals
+    and all the other free authors of our time. 'Twas Mr. Locke that
+    struck the home blow, (for Hobbes' character and base slavish
+    principles of government took off the poison of his philosophy),
+    struck at all fundamentals, threw all _order_ and _virtue_ out
+    of the world, and made the very _ideas_ of these (which are the
+    same as those of God), unnatural and without foundation in our
+    minds."
+
+It is remarkable that the volume of Whichcote's Sermons printed by Lord
+Shaftesbury should have been republished at Edinburgh in 1742, with a
+recommendatory epistle, by a Presbyterian divine, Dr. Wishart, principal
+of the College of Edinburgh. In the very neat reprint of the collected
+sermons given by Dr. Campbell and Dr. Gerard, in 4 vols., 8vo.,
+Aberdeen, 1751, prefixed to the third volume, we also find Lord
+Shaftesbury's preface.
+
+    S. W. SINGER.
+
+Mickleham, June 4. 1850.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE REBEL.
+
+Sir,--The printed copy of a song which I inclose is believed, by those
+who are the best judges, to be the only copy, either printed or in
+manuscript, now in existence. That circumstance may, perhaps, render it
+acceptable to you: and I am not collector of curiosities, and I beg you
+would do what you please with it. The verses are plainly more modern
+than the motto: for there are, I think, two allusions to different plays
+of the immortal bard of Stratford-on-Avon. But perhaps you will think
+that he copied from it, as it is said he sometimes did from things not
+so good as his own. I do not believe, for my own part, that it was
+written till after the Great Rebellion. Bishop Christopherson, I take
+it, was a Roman Catholic, but resident in England, and we see that he
+wrote in English. The paper, you will observe, is foreign by the
+texture, as well as by the water-mark, which I cannot very well make
+out; but it seems to be a bust of somebody; while the type looks quite
+English, and therefore it is no proof that it was printed abroad.
+
+As I give you my real name, I hope you will not consider me as holding,
+or wishing to recommend, such opinions as are contained in the verses:
+and by way of protest, you will allow me to subscribe myself, your
+obedient servant,
+
+    PACIFICUS.
+
+
+"THE REBEL.
+
+"A New Song, or Balade, shewing the naughty conceits of Traytours; that
+all loial and true-hearted men may know and eschew the same.
+
+    "_They counte Peace to be cause of ydelnes, and that it maketh
+    men hodipekes and cowardes._"--Bp. Christopherson, _Exh. ag.
+    Rebel._ 1554.
+
+    "Tell me no more of Peace--
+      'Tis cowardice disguised;
+    The child of Fear and heartless Ease,
+      A thing to be despised.
+
+    "Let daffodills entwine
+      The seely Shepherd's brow,
+    A nobler wreath I'll win for mine,
+      The Lawrel's manly bough.
+
+    "May-garlands fitter shew
+      On swains who dream of Love;
+    And all their cherisance bestow
+      Upon the whining dove--
+
+    "I'll have no doves--not I--
+      Their softness is disgrace;
+    I love the Eagle's lightning eye,
+      That stares in Phaebus' face.
+
+    "I mark'd that noble thing                                      {35}
+      Bound on his upward flight,
+    Scatter the clouds with mighty wing,
+      And breast the tide of light--
+
+    "And scorn'd the things that creep
+      Prone-visaged on the Earth;
+    To eat it's fruits, to play, to sleep,
+      The purpose of their birth.
+
+    "Such softlings take delight
+      In Cynthia's sickly beam--
+    Give me a heav'n of coal black night
+      Slash'd with the watch-fire gleam.
+
+    "They doat upon the lute,
+      The cittern and the lyre--
+    Such sounds mine eare do little sute,
+      They match not my desire.
+
+    "The trumpet-blast--let it come
+      In shrieks on the fitful gale,
+    The charger's hoof beat time to the drum,
+      And the clank of the rider's mail.
+
+    "Not for the heaps untold
+      That swell the Miser's hoard,
+    I claim the birthright of the bold,
+      The dowry of the Sword--
+
+    "Nor yet the gilded gem
+      That coronets the slave--
+    I clutch the spectre-diadem
+      That marshals on the brave.
+
+    "For that--be Sin and Woe--
+      All priests and women tell--
+    Be Fire and Sword--I pass not tho'
+      This Earth be made a Hell.
+
+    "Above the rest to shine
+      Is all in all to me--
+    It is, unto a soul like mine,
+      To be or not to be.
+
+    "Printed with Permission of Superiours: And are to be had of the
+    Printer, at his House hard by the sign of the Squirrel,
+    over-against the way that leadeth to the Quay."
+
+P.S. Query, What is a "hodipeke?" Is it a "hypocrite?" and should not
+"Phaebus," in the fourth verse, be "Phoebus?"
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE HIPPOPOTAMUS.
+
+The earliest mention of the hippopotamus is in Herodotus, who in ii. 71.
+gives a detailed description of this inhabitant of the Nile. He is
+stated by Porphyry to have borrowed this description from his
+predecessor Hecataeus (Frag. 292. ap. _Hist. Gr. Fragm._, vol. i. ed.
+Didot). Herodotus, however, had doubtless obtained his account of the
+hippopotamus during his visit to Egypt. Cuvier (_Trad. de Pline_, par
+Grandsagne, tom. vi. p. 444.) remarks that the description is only
+accurate as to the teeth and the skin; but that it is erroneous as to
+the size, the feet, the tail and mane, and the nose. He wonders,
+therefore, that it should have been repeated, with few corrections or
+additions, by Aristotle (_Hist. An._, ii. 1. and 7.; viii. 24.) and
+Diodorus (i. 35.). Compare Camus, _Notes sur l'Histoire des Animaux
+d'Aristote_, p. 418.
+
+None of the Greek writers appear to have seen a live hippopotamus; nor
+is there any account of a live animal of this species having been
+brought to Greece, like the live tiger which Seleucus sent to Athens.
+According to Pliny (_H. N._, viii. 40.) and Ammianus Marcellinus (xxii.
+15.), the Romans first saw this animal in the celebrated edileship of
+AEmilius Scaurus, 58 B.C., when a hippopotamus and five crocodiles were
+exhibited at the games, in a temporary canal. Dio Cassius, however,
+states that Augustus Caesar first exhibited a rhinoceros and a
+hippopotamus to the Roman people in the year 29 B.C. (li. 22.) Some
+crocodiles and hippopotami, together with other exotic animals, were
+afterwards exhibited in the games at Rome in the time of Antoninus Pius
+(A.D. 138-80. See Jul. Capitolin. in _Anton. Pio_, c. 10.) and Commodus,
+against his various exploits of animal warfare in the amphitheatre, slew
+as many as five hippopotami (A.D. 180-92. See Dio Cass. lxxii. 10. and
+19.; and Gibbon, c. 4.). Firmus, an Egyptian pretender to the empire in
+the time of Aurelian, 273 A.D., once rode on the back of a hippopotamus
+(Flav. Vopiscus, in _Firmo_, c. 6.): but this feat was probably
+performed at Alexandria.
+
+The hippopotamus being an inhabitant of the Upper Nile, was imperfectly
+known to the ancients. Fabulous anecdotes of its habits are recounted by
+Pliny, _H. N._, viii. 39, 40., and by AElian, _De Nat. An._, v. 53. vii.
+19. Achilles Tatius, who wrote as late as the latter half of the fifth
+century of our era, says that it breathes fire and smoke (iv. 2.); while
+Damascius, who was nearly his contemporary says that the hippopotamus is
+an unjust animal, and represents Injustice in the hieroglyphic writing;
+because it first kills its father and then violates its mother (ap.
+Phot. _Bibl._ cod. 242., p. 322., b. 36. ed. Bekker.).
+
+Strabo (xv. 1.) and Arrian (_Ind._, c. 6.) say that the products of the
+Indian rivers are similar to those of Ethiopia and Egypt, with the
+exception of the hippopotamus. They add, however, that according to
+Onesicritus, even this exception did not exist: for that the
+hippopotamus was found in the rivers of India. The report of Onesicritus
+was doubtless erroneous.
+
+Herodotus, Aristotle, and the other Greek writers constantly call this
+animal ~hippos potamios~. The Latin writers use the improper compound
+_hippo-potamus_; which, according to the ordinary rule of Greek
+composition, means, not a _river-horse_, but a _horse-river_. The only
+Greek writer in whom I have found the compound word ~hippopotamos~ is
+Damascius, who wrote in the sixth century. Achilles Tatius, who lived
+about the same time, calls the animal ~hippos tou Neilou~, which is, he
+says, its Egyptian name. It seems probable that the word _hippopotamus_
+is a Roman corruption of the Greek substantive and adjective, and   {36}
+is not a proper Greek word. Why this animal was called a horse is not
+evident. In shape and appearance it resembles a gigantic hog. Buffon
+says that its name was derived from its _neighing_ like a horse
+(_Quad._, tom. v., p. 165.). But query whether this is the fact?
+
+Bochart (_Hierozoicon_, P. ii., lib. v., c. 15, 16.) identifies the
+"behemoth" of Job (c. 40.) with the hippopotamus, and the "leviathan"
+with the crocodile. This view seems to be generally adopted by modern
+commentators. (See Winer, _Bibl. Real-Woerterbuch_, art. "Nilpferd.")
+
+A _Historia Hippopotami veterum Critica_, by J. G. Schneider, is
+appended to his edition of _Artedi Synonymia Piscium_, p. 247.
+
+The accounts of the hippopotamus since the revival of letters, beginning
+with that published by Federigo Zerenghi, a Neapolitan surgeon, in 1603
+(see Buffon), appear to have been all derived from dead specimens, or
+from the reports of travellers in Africa. Query, Has there been a live
+hippopotamus in Europe since the reign of Commodus, with the exception
+of the young animal now in the Zoological Gardens in the Regent's Park?
+
+    L.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+FOLK LORE.
+
+_Folk Lore of South Northamptonshire._
+
+_Charming._--There are few villages in this district which are not able
+to boast a professor of the healing art, in the person of an old woman
+who pretends to the power of curing diseases by "charming;" and at the
+present day, in spite of coroners' inquests and parish officers, a
+belief in the efficacy of these remedies appears to be undiminished. Two
+preliminaries are given, as necessary to be strictly observed, in order
+to ensure a perfect cure. First, that the person to be operated upon
+comes with a full and earnest belief that a cure _will_ be effected;
+and, secondly, that the phrases "please" and "thank you" do not occur
+during the transaction. The established formula consists in the
+charmer's crossing the part affected, and whispering over it certain
+mysterious words--doubtless varied according to the disorder, but the
+import of which I have never been able to learn; for as there is a very
+prevalent notion that, if once disclosed, they would immediately lose
+their virtue, the possessors are generally proof against persuasion or
+bribery. In some cases it is customary for the charmer to "bless" or
+hallow cords, or leathern thongs, which are given to the invalids to be
+worn round the neck. An old woman living at a village near Brackley has
+acquired a more than ordinary renown for the cure of agues by this
+means. According to her own account, she received the secret from the
+dying lips of her mother; who, in her turn, is said to have received it
+from her's. As this old dame is upwards of ninety, and still refuses to
+part with her charm, the probability of it perishing with her, forms a
+constant theme of lamentation among her gossips. It must not be imagined
+that these ignorant people make a trade of their supposed art. On the
+contrary, it is believed that any offer of pecuniary remuneration would
+at once break the spell, and render the charm of no avail; and though it
+must be admitted that the influence and position naturally accruing to
+the possessor of such attributes, affords a sufficient motive for
+imposture, yet I think, for the most part, they may be said to be the
+dupes of their own credulity, and as fully convinced of their own
+infallibility as can be the most credulous of their admirers.
+
+The following are a few of the more common traditionary charms (used
+without having recourse to the charmer) at present current among the
+rural population of this district.
+
+_Warts._--Take one of the large black snails, which are to be found
+during summer in every hedgerow, rub it over the wart, and then hang it
+on a thorn. This must be done nine nights successively, at the end of
+which times the wart will completely disappear. For as the snail,
+exposed to such cruel treatment, will gradually wither away, so it is
+believed the wart, being impregnated with its matter, will slowly do the
+same.
+
+_Wens._--After a criminal is dead, but still hanging, his hand must be
+rubbed thrice over the wen. (Vide _Brand_, vol iii. p. 153.) Many
+persons are still living who in their younger days have undergone the
+ceremony, always, they say, attended with complete success. On execution
+days at Northampton, numbers of sufferers used to congregate round the
+gallows, in order to receive the "dead-stroke," as it is termed. At the
+last execution which took place in that town, a very few only were
+operated upon, not so much in consequence of decrease of faith, as from
+the higher fee demanded by the hangman.
+
+_Epistaxis._--For stopping or preventing bleeding at the nose, a toad is
+killed by transfixing it with some sharp pointed instrument, after which
+it is inclosed in a little bag and suspended round the neck. The same
+charm is also occasionally used in cases of fever. The following passage
+From Sir K. Digby's _Discourse on Sympathy_ (Lond. 1658) may enlighten
+us as to the principle:--
+
+    "In time of common contagion, they use to carry about them the
+    powder of a toad, and sometimes a living toad or spider shut up
+    in a box; or else they carry arsnick, or some other venemous
+    substance, which _draws unto it the contagious air_, which
+    otherwise would infect the party." p. 77.
+
+_Another for the Same._--If it be a man who suffers, he asks a female to
+buy him a lace, (if a female she asks a man), without either giving
+money, saying what it is wanted for, or returning thanks when       {37}
+received. The lace so obtained must be worn round the neck for the space
+of nine days; at the expiration of which, it is said, the patient will
+experience no return of the disorder.
+
+_Cramp._--We still retain such a high sense of the efficacy of the form
+of the cross, that in case of spasms, or that painful state of the feet
+in which they are said to "sleep," it is commonly used, under the
+impression that it mitigates, if not entirely allays, the pain. Warts
+are also charmed away by crossing them with elder sticks: and a very
+common charm for the cramp consists in the sufferer's always taking
+care, when he pulls off his shoes and stockings, to place them in such a
+position as to form a resemblance to the "holy sign."
+
+Another and very common charm resorted to for the cure of this painful
+disorder, consists in the wearing about the person the patella of a
+sheep or lamb, here known as the "cramp-bone." This is worn as near the
+skin as possible, and at night is laid under the pillow. One instance of
+a _human_ patella being thus used has come under my notice, but I
+believe this to be by no means common.
+
+_Toothache._--Few ailments have more charms for its cure than this. In
+point of efficacy none are reckoned better than a tooth taken from the
+mouth of a corpse, which is often enveloped in a little bag, and hung
+round the neck. A double nut is also sometimes worn in the pocket for
+the same purpose.
+
+_Hooping-cough._--A small quantity of hair is taken frown the nape of
+the child's neck, rolled up in a piece of meat, and given to a dog, in
+the firm belief that the disease thereby becomes transferred to the
+animal. A friend informs me that the same charm is well known in
+Gloucestershire.
+
+_Rheumatism._--The right forefoot of a hare, worn constantly in the
+pocket, is considered a fine amulet against the "rheumatiz."
+
+_West._--In order to be rid of the painful tumour on the eyelid,
+provincially known as the _west_ or _sty_, it is customary for the
+sufferer, on the first night of the new moon, to procure the tail of a
+black cat, and after pulling from it one hair, rub the tip _nine_ times
+over the pustule. As this has a very cabalistic look, and is moreover
+frequently attended with sundry severe scratches, a gold ring is found
+to be a much more harmless substitute; and as it is said to be equally
+beneficial with the former, it is now more commonly used. This
+superstition is alluded to by Beaumont and Fletcher, _Mad Lovers_, v.
+4.:--
+
+    "---- I have a _sty_ here, Chilax.
+
+  _Chi._ I have no gold to cure it, not a penny."
+
+_Thorn._--The following word charm is used to prevent a thorn from
+festering:--
+
+    "Our Saviour was of a virgin born,
+    His head was crowned with a crown of thorn;
+    It never canker'd nor fester'd at all,
+    And I hope in Christ Jesus this never shaull [shall]."
+
+This will remind the reader of the one given by Pepys, vol. ii. p. 415.
+
+    T. S.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+BRASICHELLEN AND SERPILIUS--EXPURGATORY INDEX.
+
+I have a note, and should be glad to put a query, on the subject of a
+small octavo volume, of which the title is, "Indicis Librorum
+Expurgandorum, in studiosorum gratiam confecti, tomus primus; in quo
+quinquaginta auctorum libri prae caeteris desiderati emendantur. Per Fr.
+Io. Mariam Brasichellensem, sacri Palatii Apostolici Magistrum, in unum
+corpus redactus, et publicae commoditati editus. Superiorum permissu,
+Romae, 1607." Speaking of this index, Mendham says:--
+
+    "We now advance to perhaps the most extraordinary and scarcest
+    of all this class of publications. It is the first, and last,
+    and incomplete Expurgatory Index, which Rome herself has
+    ventured to present to the world, and which, soon after the deed
+    was done, she condemned and withdrew.... After a selection of
+    some of the rules in the last edition of the Expurgatory Index,
+    the editor in his address informs the reader, that,
+    understanding the expurgation of books to be not the least
+    important part of his office, and wishing to make books more
+    accessible to students than they were without expurgation, he
+    had availed himself of the labours of his predecessors, and,
+    adding his own, issued the present volume, intending that a
+    second, which was in great readiness, should quickly follow;
+    (but, alas! it was not allowed so to do). Dated Rome, from the
+    Apostolic Palace, 1607.... Nothing more remains on the subject
+    of this Index, than to report what is contained in the
+    inaccessible work of Zobelius, _Notitia Indicis_, &c., but
+    repeated from by Struvius or Ingler, his editor, in the
+    _Bibliotheca Hist. Lit._--that Brasichellen or Guanzellus was
+    assisted in the work by Thomas Malvenda, a Dominican; that
+    another edition was printed at Bergomi in 1608; that when a
+    fresh one was in preparation at Antwerp in 1612, it was
+    suppressed; and that, finally, the author, like Montanus, found
+    his place in a future index."
+
+The second volume promised never appeared. The work, however, became
+exceedingly scarce; which induced Serpilius, a priest of Ratisbon, in
+1723, to print an edition so closely resembling the original, as to
+admit of its being represented as the same. The imposition, however,
+being detected, another edition was prepared by Hesselius, a printer of
+Altorf, in 1745; and then the remaining copies of the former threw off
+their mask, and appeared with a new title-page as a second edition. The
+original and counterfeit editions of this peculiar work are sufficiently
+alike to deceive any person, who should not examine them in literal
+juxtaposition; but upon such examination, the deception is easily
+apparent. The one, however, may be fairly considered as a           {38}
+fac-simile of the other. (See the Rev. Joseph Mendham's _Literary Policy
+of the Church of Rome exhibited_, &c., chap. iii. pp. 116-128.) Mendham
+adds, that "there is a copy of the original edition" of this index "in
+the Bodleian Library, Oxford," presented to Sir Thomas Bodley by the
+Earl of Essex, together with the Belgic, Portuguese, Spanish and
+Neapolitan Indices, all which originally belonged to the library of
+Jerom Osorius, but had become part of the spoil of the expedition
+against Cadiz in 1596. I am acquainted with the Bodleian copy of the
+original edition of this rare work; but I wish to put the Query--Where
+is a copy of the _counterfeit edition_ of Serpilius to be seen, either
+with its original title-page, or as it appeared afterwards, when the
+mask was thrown off? I am not aware that any one of our public libraries
+(rich as several of them are in such treasures) contains a copy of this
+curious little impostor.
+
+    J. SANSOM.
+
+8. Park Place, Oxford, May 29. 1850.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Queries
+
+
+SIR GEORGE BUC.
+
+Can any of your readers inform me on what authority Sir George Buc, the
+poet, and Master of the Revels in the reign of James I., is recorded by
+his biographers to have been a native of Lincolnshire, and to have died
+in 1623? In the _Biogr. Britann._, and repeated by Chalmers, it is
+stated that he was born in Lincolnshire, in the sixteenth century,
+descended from the Bucs, or Buckes, of West Stanton and Herthill, in
+Yorkshire, and Melford Hall, in Suffolk, and knighted by James I. the
+day before his coronation, July 13, 1603. Mr. Collier, in his _Annals of
+the Stage_, vol. i., p. 374, says, that on the death of Edmund Tylney,
+in October, 1610, he succeeded him as Master of the Revels, and wrote
+his Treatise on the Office of the Revels prior to 1615. He also says,--
+
+    "In the spring of 1622, Sir George Buc appears to have been so
+    ill and infirm, as to be unable to discharge the duties of his
+    situation, and on the 2nd of May in that year, a patent was made
+    out, appointing Sir John Astley Master of the Revels."--_Biogr.
+    Britann._, p. 419.
+
+Ritson says that he died in 1623. Chalmers supposed his death to have
+happened soon after 1622, and states that he certainly died before
+August 1629.
+
+My reason for making these inquiries is, that I have in my possession a
+4to. manuscript volume, believed to be in the handwriting of this Sir
+George Buc, which is quite at variance with these statements in several
+particulars. The volume which is without a date in any part, and has
+only the initials of the author, is entitled _The Famous History of
+Saint George, England's brave Champion. Translated into Verse, and
+enlarged. The three first Chapters by G. B. His first Edition._ It is
+extended to nineteen chapters, and comprehends also the histories of the
+other six champions, as well as that of St. George. It is contained in a
+thick 4to. volume of 524 closely written pages, in Russia, and was
+formerly in the collection of the Duke of Roxburghe, whose arms are on
+the sides; and afterwards in that of Mr. Heber. This MS. is entirely in
+the handwriting of Sir George Buc, as prepared by him for publication.
+The initials "G. B." correspond with those of his name, and the
+handwriting, having been compared, is found to be exactly similar to a
+MS. inscription, in Sir George Buc's handwriting, prefixed to a copy of
+his poem ~Daphnis Polustephanos~, 4to., 1605, presented by him to
+Lord Chancellor Ellesmere, and preserved at Bridgewater House; a
+fac-simile of which is given by Mr. Collier in his privately printed
+catalogue of that library, p. 41.
+
+The volume commences with a sort of metrical preface, entitled _The
+Muse's Apologie_, in which he says,--
+
+    "Consider that my Muse is aged growne,
+    Whose pilgrimage to _seventy-six is knowne_."
+
+And again:--
+
+    "Thy nimble steps to _Norfolk_ none forbeare,
+      I'm confident thou shalt be welcom'd there,
+    Where that thy autor _hee was bred and borne_,
+      Though to Parnassus Girles was never sworne."
+
+The work is dedicated "To the vertuous Lady and his most honoured
+friend, the Lady Bacon, at Readgrave Hall, in Suffolk, wife to S^r
+Edmond Bacon, Prime Baronett of England," commencing thus:--
+
+    "Faire madam,--Having nothing at present, I thought was fitt
+    (_living at so far distance_) to present to y^r ladyship,"
+    &c.
+
+The distance here alluded to was probably caused by the author's
+residence in London at that time. This is followed by some lines "To the
+Courteous Reader," beginning,--
+
+    "Some certaine Gentlemen did mee ingage
+      To publish forth this work, done in myne age
+    That this, my aged act, it may survive
+      My funerall and keep me still alive."
+
+and by others, entitled "The Autor," signed "Vale, G. B.;" after which
+are added the following lines:--
+
+    "Some Poets they are poore, and so am I,
+      _Except I bee reliev'd in Chancery_;
+    I scorne to begg, my pen nere us'd the trade,
+      This book to please my friends is only made,
+    Which is performed by my aged quill,
+      For to extend my country my good will.
+    Let not my country think I took this paynes
+      In expectation of any gaines."
+
+We know from Mr. Collier's Bridgewater Catalogue, that Sir George Buc
+had been indebted to Lord Ellesmere for certain favours shown him,  {39}
+probably in some Chancery suit, to which he here seems to allude, as if
+still suffering in his pocket from its ill consequences.
+
+My first quotation from the poem itself is one of some importance, as
+serving to show the probable time at which it was written. On the
+reverse of fol. 9., at the commencement of the poem, an allusion is thus
+made to the destruction of Troy:--
+
+    "And wasted all the buildings of the king,
+      Which unto Priamus did glory bring,
+    Destroy'd his pallaces, the cittie graces,
+      And all the lusters of his royall places,
+    _Just as Noll Cromewell in this iland did,
+      For his reward at Tiburne buried._"
+
+So also, again, on the reverse of fol. 11., in reference to the abuses
+and profanations committed by Cromwell's soldiery in St. Paul's
+Cathedral, he says:--
+
+    "Pittie it were this faberick should fall
+      Into decay, derives its name from Paul,
+    _But yet of late it suffered vile abuses,
+      Was made a stable for all traytors' uses_,
+    Had better burnt it down for an example,
+      As Herostratus did Diana's temple."
+
+And again, at the commencement of the eighth chapter, fol. 104.:--
+
+    "In this discourse, my Muse doth here intend,
+      The honor of Saint Patrick to defend,
+    And speake of his adventrous accidents,
+      Of his brave fortunes, and their brave events,
+    That if her pen were made of _Cromwell's rump_,
+      Yet she should weare it to the very stump."
+
+At the end of the poem he again alludes to his great age, and to the
+time which had been occupied in writing it, and also promised, if his
+life should be prolonged, a second part, in continuation, which,
+however, appears never to have been accomplished:--
+
+    "My Muse wants eloquence and retoricke,
+      For to describe it more scollerlike,
+    And doth crave pardon for hir bold adventure,
+      When that upon these subjects she did enter.
+    'Tis eight months since this first booke was begun,
+      Come, Muse, breake off, high time 'tis to adone.
+    Travell no further in these martiall straines,
+      Till we know what will please us for our paines.
+    I know thy will is forward to performe,
+      What age doth now deny thy quill t' adorne,
+    Whose age is _seventy-sixe, compleat in yeares_,
+      Which in the Regester at large appeares."
+            &c. &c. &c. &c.
+
+Cromwell died Sept. 3. 1658, and was interred in Westminster Abbey; but
+his bones were not removed and buried at Tyburn till the 30th of
+January, 1660; very soon after which it is most probable that this poem
+was written. Now if the author was, as he says, seventy-six at this
+time, he must have been born about 1583 or 1584, which will rightly
+correspond with the account given by Chalmers and others; and thus he
+would be about twenty-two or twenty-three years of age when he wrote his
+first poem of ~Daphnis Polustephanos~, and twenty-seven when he
+succeeded to the office of Master of the Revels. There appears to be no
+reason for supposing, with Ritson, that _The Great Plantagenet_, which
+was the second edition of that poem, and published in 1635, was done "by
+some fellow who assumed his name;" but that the variations, which are
+very considerable, were made by the author himself, and printed in his
+lifetime. The Dedication to Sir John Finch, Lord Chief Justice of the
+Common Pleas, signed "George Buck," and written exactly in his style;
+the three sets of commendatory verses addressed to the author by O.
+Rourke, Robert Codrington, and George Bradley, not in the first edition
+of the poem "Upon King Henrie the Second, the first Plantagenet of
+England," &c., added to this impression; all tend to show that the
+author was then living in 1635. We learn by the above quotations from
+his MS. poem, that his days were further prolonged till 1660.
+
+Perhaps some of your numerous readers may be able to discover some
+corroborative proofs of this statement from other sources, and will be
+kind enough to favour me, through your paper, with any evidence which
+may occur to then, bearing upon the subject of my inquiries.
+
+    THOMAS CORSER.
+
+Stand Rectory.
+
+
+COSAS DE ESPANA.
+
+The things of Spain are peculiar to a proverb, but they are not so
+exclusively national but we may find some connection with them in things
+of our own country. Any information from readers of NOTES AND QUERIES,
+on a few Spanish things which I have long sought for in vain, would
+prove most acceptable and useful to me.
+
+1. In _Catalogi Librorum Manuscriptorum, Angliae et Hiberniae_, &c., under
+"Library of Westminster Abbey," at p. 29., I find mentioned the
+following MS.: _Una Resposal del Reverend Padre Thomaso Cranmero_. It is
+not now in that library--is it in any other? I suppose it may be a
+translation, made by Francisco Dryander or Enzinas, translator of the
+Spanish New Testament, 1543, of--"An Answer by the Right Rev. Father in
+God, Thomas, Abp. of Canterbury, unto a crafty and sophistical
+cavillation devised by Stephen Gardener," &c. Dryander came to this
+country with Bucer, recommended to Cranmer by Melancthon, and resided
+two months in the Archbishop's house before he went to Cambridge to
+lecture in Greek.
+
+2. Ferdinando de Tereda, a Spanish Protestant, came to this country in
+1620. The Lord Keeper Williams took him into his house to learn Spanish
+of him, in order to treat personally with the Spanish ambassador about
+the marriage of Prince Charles and the Infanta. At this instance,   {40}
+Tereda translated the English Liturgy into Spanish (1623), and was
+repaid by presentation to a prebend at Hereford. On the death of James,
+in 1625, he left, as he says, the Court, before the Court left him, and
+retired to Hereford. Here he adds: "I composed a large volume _De
+Monachatu_, in Latin; another _De Contradictionibus Doctrinae Ecclesiae
+Romanae_, in the same language; and a third, entitled _Carrascon_, also
+in Latin." In 1631-2 he vacated his prebend, and went, I conjecture, to
+Holland, where he printed _Carrascon_ in _Spanish_ (1633), being a
+selection from the Latin. In the preface to this, which recently had
+been reprinted, he proposed to print the other works which he had
+prepared, if the Spanish _Carrascon_ brought him "good news." Do his
+Latin works exist either in print or in manuscript?
+
+3. Juan de Nicholas y Sacharles was another Spanish Protestant, who came
+to this country in 1618. He translated the _Bouclier de la Foi_, by P.
+Moulin, into Spanish; he presented it, I conjecture in MS., to Prince
+Charles about the year 1620. Is such a MS. known to exist in any of our
+libraries?
+
+4. The recent _History of Spanish Literature_, by George Ticknor, has
+made us generally acquainted, that the author of the clever "Dialogo de
+las Lenguas," printed in _Origines de la Lengua Espanola_ by Gregorio
+Mayans y Siscar, was Juan de Valdes, to whom Italy and Spain herself
+owed the dawning light of the religious reformation which those
+countries received. Spaniards well informed in their own literature have
+of course been long aware of the authorship of the "Dialogo de las
+Lenguas." But few even of them are aware that Mayans y Siscar could not,
+even at so late a period, venture to reprint the work, as it was written
+by Juan de Valdes. He suppressed various passages, for the Inquisition
+was in his day too jealous and powerful for him to risk offence.
+Notwithstanding, and as _una cosa de Espana_, he printed a few copies
+privately, entire. Expurgated books are always unsatisfactory
+mutilations. Does any _Manuscript_ of the "Dialogo de las Lenguas" exist
+in this country, in any public or private library?
+
+    Wn.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CARTER'S DRAWINGS OF YORK CATHEDRAL.--MEDAL OF STUKELEY.
+
+I shall be glad to ascertain, if possible, through the medium of your
+columns, who is now the possessor of a volume of elaborate _Drawings of
+York Cathedral_, which were made by the late John Carter, F. S. A., for
+Sir Mark M. Sykes, Bart. Mr. Carter was paid a large sum on account of
+these drawings during the progress of his task, but after the death of
+the baronet, he demanded such an extravagant price that the executors
+declined to take the volume. At the sale of the artist's effects it was
+sold to Sir Gregory Page Turner, Bart., for 315_l._ It again came to the
+hammer, and was purchased by John Broadley, Esq., at whose sale it was
+disposed of for 100_l._ I cannot ascertain the purchaser on the last
+occasion, and am very desirous to learn where the drawings are now to be
+found.
+
+The same artist also prepared a series of drawings illustrative of
+English costume from the earliest period. This volume was executed for
+Thomas Lister Parker, Esq., but, like the former, has passed into the
+custody of other persons, and I am now ignorant of its possessor.
+
+I have not yet received any reply to my inquiry in Vol. i. p. 122.,
+respecting a large bronze medal of Dr. Stukeley, with a view of
+Stonehenge on the reverse, evidently executed soon after his decease. I
+believe it to be unique, but should be glad to know if dies were ever
+engraved from this design.
+
+    J. BRITTON.
+
+Burton Street, June 1. 1850.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Minor Queries.
+
+
+_"Imprest" and "Debenture."_--When a person fulfilling any employment
+under any of the Government Boards has occasion to draw "money on
+account," an "imprest," addressed to the pay-master under that Board, is
+issued for the required sum; but when the final payment is made upon the
+"closing of the account," the "debenture" takes the place of the
+"imprest." Out of what verbal raw material are these words manufactured?
+I know of no other use of the word "imprest" as a substantive; and
+though we see "debenture" often enough in railway reports, I cannot
+perceive the analogy between its meanings in the two cases.
+
+    D. V. S.
+
+Home, May 17.
+
+
+_Cosin's MSS._--Basire, in his _Brief of the Life, &c. of Bishop Cosin_,
+appended to his _Funeral Sermon_ (Lond. 1673, p. 69.), after noticing
+several MS. works of Cosin's, some of which have not yet seen the light,
+adds, "These remains are earnestly recommended to his pious executor's
+care for publication."
+
+Can any of your correspondents kindly inform me, who are the lineal
+representatives of Cosin's pious executor? Basire mentions three
+"imperfect" works of Bishop Cosin's in manuscript: viz. _Annales
+Eccles._, _Historia Conciliorum_, _Chronologia Sacra_. Is it known what
+has become of them? They appear to have fallen, with other MSS., into
+the hands of his executor.
+
+    J. SANSOM.
+
+
+_Barclay's Argenis._--What are the latest editions of this romance--the
+best, in Cowper's opinion, ever written, which Coleridge laments as
+being so little known, and which has been translated, I believe,    {41}
+into all the European languages? What are the principal as well as the
+latest _English_ translations?
+
+    JARTZBERG.
+
+
+_Clergy sold for Slaves._--Walker, in his _Sufferings of the Clergy_,
+says, "There was a project on foot to sell some of the most eminent" (of
+the masters of colleges, doctors in divinity, &c.) "to the Turks for
+slaves; and a considerable progress was made in that horrid purpose."
+And, writing of Dr. Ed. Layfield, under the head of "London Cathedrals,"
+Walker again says, that "at last, in the company of others, he was clapt
+on shipboard under hatches;" and that "they were threatened to be sold
+slaves to the Algerines, or to some of our own plantations." Again, it
+is recorded in Bishop Cosin's life, that by his will "he gave towards
+the redemption of Christian captives at Algiers, 500_l._; towards the
+relief of the distressed loyal party in England, 800_l._:"--upon which I
+should be glad to put a Query; viz., Is there sufficient ground for
+supposing, that any of the loyal party were really sold for slaves
+during the rebellion? If otherwise, will Cosin's bequest throw any light
+upon R. W. B.'s Query, vol. i., p. 441.?
+
+    J. SANSOM.
+
+
+_Meaning of Pallet._--About a mile from Hume Castle, on the Scotch
+border, is a rock hill, which is called Hume _Pallet_.
+
+The only other name of the kind in this district is Kilpallet, in the
+heart of the Lammermuir hills, on the borders of Berwickshire and East
+Lothian. There was at this latter place once a religious house of some
+kind, and a burying ground, now hardly visible.
+
+What is the meaning of the word _Pallet_?
+
+    J. S. Q.
+
+
+_Tobacco in the East._--Can any of your readers inform me whether
+tobacco is indigenous to any part of Asia? Also, whether the habit of
+smoking (opium or tobacco), now universal _over the East_, dates there
+from before the discovery of America? And if not, from what period?
+
+    Z. A. Z.
+
+
+_Stephanus Brulifer._--Can any of your correspondents kindly refer me to
+a library containing a copy of Stephanus Brulifer, in lib. iv. _Sentent.
+Seraphici Doctoris Bonaventurae_, 8vo. Basil. 1507?
+
+    J. SANSOM.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Replies.
+
+
+ASINORUM SEPULTURA.
+
+To discover the origin of this phrase, your correspondent (Vol. ii., p.
+8-9.) need not go further than to his Bible.
+
+    "Sepultura asini sepelietur, putrefactus et projectus extra
+    portas Jerusalem."--_Jerem._ xxii. 19.: cf. xxxvi. 30.
+
+With regard to the extract given by Ducange, at the word "Imblocatus,"
+from a "vetus formula Excommunicationis praeclara," it is evident that
+the expressions,--
+
+    "Sint cadavera eorum in escam volatilibus coeli, et bestiis
+    terrae, et non sint qui sepeliant eos,"
+
+have been derived from S. Jerome's Latin version from the Hebrew of
+Psal. lxxix. 2, 3.:
+
+    "Dederunt cadavera servorum tuorum escam volatilibus coeli;
+    carnes sanctorum tuorum bestiis terrae. Effuderunt sanguinem
+    eorum quasi aquam in circuitu Hierusalem, et non erat qui
+    sepeliret."--Vide Jacobi Fabri Stapulensis _Quincuplex
+    Psalterium_, fol. 116. b., Paris, 1513; Sabatier, tom. ii. p.
+    162. Ib. 1751.
+
+    R. G.
+
+The use of this term in the denunciation against Jehoiakim, more than
+six centuries B.C., and the previous enumeration of crimes in the 22nd
+chapter of Jeremiah, would seem sufficiently to account for its origin
+and use in regard to the disposal of the dead bodies of excommunicated
+or notorious malefactors, by the earliest Christian writers or judges.
+The Hebrew name of the ass, says Parkhurst, is "derived from its
+turbulence when excited by lust or rage;" and the animal was also made
+the symbol of slothful or inglorious ease, in the case of Issachar, B.C.
+1609: Genesis, xlix. 14. It is thus probable some reference to such
+characteristics of the brute and the criminal, rather than any mere
+general allusion to throwing the dead bodies of inferior or unclean
+animals (of which the dog was a more common type) under any rubbish
+beyond the precincts of the city, may have been intended, by specifying
+this animal in prescribing an ignominious sepulture.
+
+    LAMBA.
+
+It can hardly have escaped the notice of your Querist (although the
+instance is not one adduced by Ducange), that the phrase, "burial of an
+ass" #Kevurat Chamor# for "no burial at all," is as old as the time of
+the prophet Jeremiah. (Vide chap. xxii. 19.) The _custom_ referred to
+being of religious origin, might lead us to the sacred books for the
+origin of the _phrase_ denoting it; and it seems natural for the
+Christian writers, in any mention of those whose bodies, like that of
+Jehoiakim, were for their sins deprived of the rites of sepulture, to
+use the striking phrase already provided for them in Scripture; and as
+natural for that phrase to continue in use even after the somewhat more
+civilised custom of "imblocation" had deprived it of its original
+reference to "the dead body's being cast out in the day to the heat, and
+in the night to the frost." (Jer. xxxvi. 30.)
+
+    J. EASTWOOD.
+
+This phrase is, I think, accounted for by the ass being deprived of
+interment in consequence of the uses made of its dead carcass. After a
+description of the adaptation of his bones to instrumental music,
+Aldrovandus continues as follows:--
+
+    "De corio notissimum, post obitum, ne quid asini unquam         {42}
+    _conquiescat_, foraminibus delacerari, indeque factis cribris,
+    assiduae inservire agitationi; unde dicebat Apuleius: cedentes
+    hinc inde miserum corium, nec cribris jam idoneum relinquunt.
+    Sed et Albertus pollicetur asinorum corium non solum utile esse
+    ad soleas calceorum faciendas, sed etiam quae ex illa parte
+    fiunt, in qua onera fuerunt, non consumi, etsi ille qui utitur,
+    eis continuo peregrinando in lapidibus portaverit, et tandem ita
+    indurare ut pedes sustinere nequeant."--_De Quadruped._, p. 351.
+
+    T. J.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+POPE FELIX.
+
+Four Popes of the name have filled the chair of St. Peter.
+
+The first suffered martyrdom under Aurelian. He is honoured with a
+festival at Rome on the 29th May.
+
+The second also received the crown of martyrdom, under Constantine. His
+festival is kept on the 29th July.
+
+The third is commemorated as a holy confessor on the 25th February. He
+was a collateral ancestor of Pope St. Gregory the Great, who mentions
+him in his writings.
+
+Gregory had three aunts by the father's side, who all became nuns. One
+of them, Tarsilla, a lady of pious and beatified life, and of very
+advanced age, had one night a vision of Pope Felix, who was then dead.
+He seemed to point towards the mansions of eternal glory, and to invite
+her to enter. She soon after sickened, and her end visibly approached.
+While a number of her friends were standing around her couch, she
+suddenly exclaimed, looking upwards, "Stand aside, stand aside, Jesus is
+coming;" and with a look of ineffable love, she presently expired. This
+story is related by St. Gregory.
+
+This Pope is the best known of the four on account of his relationship
+to St. Gregory.
+
+The fourth of the name was also a confessor. His festival occurs on the
+30th January.
+
+    J. A. S.
+
+Edinburgh, May 27. 1850.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+REPLIES TO NUMISMATIC QUERIES.
+
+
+I beg to offer the following remarks in reply to the numismatic queries
+of E. S. T. (Vol. i., p. 468.):--
+
+1. I can only account for the Macedonian coin being struck in lead, by
+supposing it to be the work of an ancient forger.
+
+2. Third brass coins of Tiberius are not uncommon; I have one in my
+cabinet of the sort described. Obv. head of Tiberius, TI. CAESAR. DIVI.
+AVG. F. AVGVSTVS; Rev. the altar of Lyons, ROM. ET. AVG.
+
+3. The coin of Herennia Etruscilla is probably a base or plated
+denarius, the silver having been worn off. Silver coins sometimes
+acquire a black tarnish, so that they are not to be distinguished from
+brass without filing the edge, or steeping them in acid. If a genuine
+brass coin, it should have the S. C. for _Senatus Consultum_.
+
+4. The coin of Macrinus was struck at Antioch in Syria, of which famous
+city there exists a regular series of imperial coins from Augustus to
+Valerian. One in my possession has ~Delta~ above the S. C., and
+~Epsilon~ below for ~DEMARCH. EXOUSIAS~, _Tribunitia Potestate_. May not
+these be the letters described by E. S. T. as L. C.?
+
+    J. C. WITTON.
+
+
+_Coins of Constantius II._--Can any numismatist kindly inform me by what
+marks the coins of Constantius II., the son of Constantine the Great,
+are distinguished from those of Constantius Gallus, his nephew? Mr.
+Akerman, in his _Rare and Inedited Roman Coins_, gives the following
+titles as common to both, but does not afford any rule for appropriating
+their coins:--
+
+  CONSTANTIVS. NOB. CAES.
+  FL. IVL. CONSTANTIVS. NOB. CAES.
+  D. N. CONSTANTIVS. NOB. C.
+  D. N. CONSTANTIVS. NOB. CAES.
+
+    J. C. WITTON.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+AS LAZY AS LUDLUM'S DOG.
+
+(Vol. i., p. 382.)
+
+I feel obliged by the extract from the _Doctor_ given by J. M. B. (Vol.
+i., p. 475.), though it only answers by a kind of implication the Query
+I proposed. That implication is, that, instead of Ludlum and his dog
+being personages of distinction in their own way and in their own day,
+the proverb itself is merely one framed on the principle of
+alliteration, and without precise or definite "meaning." This is very
+full of meaning, as anyone may convince himself by observing the active
+energy of every muscle of all dogs in the act of barking. What can
+typify "laziness" more emphatically than a dog that "lays him[self] down
+to bark?"
+
+A _jingle_ of some kind is essential to a proverb. If a phrase or
+expression have not this, it never "takes" with the masses; whilst,
+having this, and being capable of any possible and common application,
+it is sure to live, either as a proverb or a "saw," as the case may be.
+Alliteration and rhyme are amongst the most frequent of these "jingles;"
+and occasionally a "pun" supplies their place very effectively. We find
+these conditions fulfilled in the proverbs and saws of every people in
+the eastern and western world, alike in the remotest antiquity and in
+our own time. But are they therefore "without meaning?" Do not these
+qualities help to give them meaning, as well as to preserve them through
+their long and varied existence?
+
+But there is another principle equally essential to the constitution of
+a legitimate and lasting proverb; or rather two conjointly, _metre_ {43}
+and _euphony_. These may be traced in the proverb as completely as in
+the ballad; and precisely the same contrivances are employed to effect
+them in both cases where any ruggedness in the natural collocation of
+the words may present itself. For instance, change in the accent, the
+elision or the addition of a letter or syllable, the lengthening of a
+vowel, transposition, and a hundred other little artifices. The euphony
+itself, though sometimes a little imperfect, is also studied with the
+same kind of care in the older and purer proverbs of all languages.
+
+Attention to metre and euphony will generally enable us to assign,
+amongst the forms in which we pick up and note any particular proverb,
+the original and legitimate one; especially when combined with brevity
+and "pith." As a case in point, our friend Ludlum will serve our purpose
+for comparison. Who does not see at a glance, taking account of the
+principles which govern the construction of a proverb, that the
+Sheffield version, as I gave it, _must be_ more genuine than Southey's
+version, quoted by J. M. B.? Besides this, I may add, that a friend,
+whose early days were spent in Sheffield, has told, me (since the Query
+was proposed) that he has heard his mother tell some legend of "the fat
+Miss Ludlum." After all, therefore, the proverb may be founded on a fat
+old maid and her fat poodle. I can hardly, then, deem my inquiry
+answered.
+
+J. M. B. quotes two others from the _Doctor_; one for the purpose, as
+would appear by his marking the words, to illustrate the alliterative
+principle. The following are variations which I have heard:--"As proud
+as the cobbler's dog, that took [or _as_ took--the most general
+vernacular form, for the sake of euphony] the wall of a dung-cart, and
+got crushed for his pains." "As queer as Dick's hatband as went nine
+times round and wouldn't tie."
+
+On these I will only remark, that few persons would pronounce dung-cart
+as J. M. B. implies, even for alliteration; and, indeed, when so even
+marked to the eye, it is not without an effort that we can read
+accordingly. As to Dick's hatband, it is expressed in a peculiarly
+clumsy and round-about manner by Southey.
+
+One word more. J. M. B. quotes as a _proverb_--one of those without
+meaning--"As busy as Batty;" and says, "no one knows who Batty was."
+Surely, the inference that Batty was not a real personage in some
+distant age--that he was a mere myth--must be a _non sequitur_ from the
+premises before us. Perhaps Mr. Batty was a person of notable
+industry--perhaps remarkable for always beings in a "fluster"--perhaps
+the rural Paul Pry of his day and district. He has left, too, a large
+progeny; whether as regards the name alone, or whichever of the
+characters he bore.
+
+This jingle upon words partakes largely of the character of the _pun_.
+It, however, reminds me of a mode of speech which universally prevailed
+in the north of Lincolnshire thirty years ago, and which probably does
+so yet. A specimen will explain the whole:--"I'm as throng as throng."
+"He looks as black as black." "It's as wet as wet." I have heard this
+mode used so as to produce considerable emphasis; and it is more than
+possible, that some of the jingles have thus originated, and settled
+into proverbs, now without any obvious meaning, but originally very
+forcible ones.
+
+    D. V. S.
+
+Shooter's Hill, May 18.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Replies to Minor Queries.
+
+
+_Lord John Townshend's Poetical Works_ (Vol. ii., p. 9.)--were never, I
+believe, collected, nor indeed distinctly known, though they well
+deserve to be. He told me himself that he wrote "Jekyl," in what is
+called _The Rolliad_; and he mentioned some other of his contributions;
+but I did not _make a note_, and regret that I can say no more. Mr.
+Rogers or Lord Lansdowne might.
+
+    C.
+
+
+_When Easter ends._--Mr. H. Edwards, in this day's number (No. 31., p.
+9.), asks when Easter ends. I fancy this question is in some degree
+answered by remarking, that it, together with other festivals of the
+Church, viz. The Nativity, &c., are celebrated for eight days, which is
+the octave. The reason, says Wheatley, of its
+
+    "Being fixed to eight days, is taken from the practice of the
+    Jews, who, by God's appointment, observed the greater festivals,
+    some of them for seven days, and one, the Feast of Tabernacles,
+    for eight days. And therefore the Primitive Christians
+    lengthened out their higher feast to eight days."
+
+If this be true, Easter will end on the conclusion of the Sunday after
+Easter day; but whether our present Parliament is sufficiently Catholic
+to admit this, in the interpretation of the Act, is questionable.
+
+In the Spanish Church Easter continues till the feast of Whitsuntide is
+past; and during this period all fasts are forbidden.
+
+The Romish Church has ten high festivals having octaves.
+
+I trust this slight sketch may in some way help Mr. Edwards to a
+conclusion.
+
+    R. J. S.
+
+_When does Easter end?_ (Vol. ii., p. 9.).--In the case stated, at 12
+o'clock on the night of Easter Sunday.
+
+    C.
+
+
+_Holdsworth and Fuller._--In A. B. R.'s communication (Vol. i., p. 484.)
+some symptoms of inaccuracy must be noted before a satisfactory reply
+can be given to his Query.
+
+1. He has erred in adopting the spelling of Holdsworth's name (viz. {44}
+Holsworth) which appears in the title-page of _The Valley of Vision_. 2.
+This work is very incorrectly styled "the sermon," inasmuch as it
+consists of twenty-one sermons. 3. My copy bears date 1661, not 1651. 4.
+If Holdsworth's hand was "legible only to himself," we may sincerely
+commiserate the misfortune of his nephew, Dr. Richard Pearson, who had
+to prepare for the press 737 folio pages of his _Praelectiones
+Theologicae_, &c.: Lond. 1661. 5. There is not the smallest reason for
+thinking it "probable" that Dean Holdsworth "preached other men's
+sermons." Respecting our great Caroline divines it would seldom have
+been right to say--
+
+    "Quos (Harpyiarum more)
+    Convectare juvat praedas, et vivere rapto."
+
+Now, as to what Dr. Holdsworth really wrote, and with regard to that for
+which he is not responsible, it is to be observed, that he was so averse
+to the publication of any of his works, that he printed but a single
+sermon (on Psalm cxliv. 15.), and that not until he had been three times
+urged to the task by his royal master King Charles I. The pagination of
+this discourse is quite distinct from that of the twenty unauthentic
+sermons which follow it in the quarto volume, and which commence at
+signature B. These are thus described by Dr. Pearson, _ad Lectorem_:
+"Caeterae quae prostant Anglice venales, a praedone illo stenographico tam
+lacerae et elumbes, tam misere deformatae sunt, ut parum aut nihil
+agnoscas genii et spiritus Holdsworthiani."
+
+    R. G.
+
+
+_Gookin_ (Vol. i., pp. 385, 473, 492.).--Vincent Gookin was nominated by
+Cromwell one of the six representatives of Ireland in the Barebones
+Parliament; and he was returned for Bandon and Kinsale (which together
+sent one member) in each of the three subsequent Cromwellian
+Parliaments.
+
+Lord Orrery, writing to the Duke of Ormond, June 15, 1666, speaks of
+Captain Robert Gooking, as one of the chief persons in the west of Cork
+county, and describes him as rich and having good brains, loyal, and
+ready to fight against French or Irish, as every thing he has depends on
+his new title. (Orrery's _State Letters_, ii. p. 13. Dublin edition.) A
+little further on (p. 43.), Lord Orrery names the same Robert Gooking as
+recommended by the chief gentlemen in the west of Cork to be captain of
+a troop of horse in the militia.
+
+    CH.
+
+
+"_Brozier_" (Vol. i., p. 485.), "_Sock_," "_Tick._"--I well remember the
+phrase, "brozier my dame," signifying to "eat her out of house and
+home." I had forgotten that a boy at Eton was "brozier," when he had
+spent all his pocket-money. As a supplemental note, however, to Lord
+Braybrooke's remarks upon this latter signification, I would remind old
+Etonians of a request that would sometimes slip out from one in a
+"broziered" state, viz. that a schoolfellow would _sock_ him, _i.e._
+treat him to _sock_ at the pastrycook's; and this favour was not
+unfrequently granted _on tick, i.e._ on credit with the purveyor of
+sweets.
+
+In reply to your noble correspondent's Query, I beg to say that
+Halliwell, in his _Dictionary of Archaic and Provincial Words_, both
+spells and defines thus: "Brosier. A bankrupt. _Chesh._" Mr. H. says no
+more; but this seems to decide that the word does not exclusively belong
+to Eton. I could have fancied that on such classic ground it might
+possibly have sprung from ~brosko~, fut. ~-so~, _to devour_.
+
+Is _sock_ only a corruption of _suck_, indicating a lollipop origin? or
+what is its real etymological root?
+
+Richardson most satisfactorily says, that to "go on _tick_" is to give a
+note or _ticket_ instead of payment.
+
+    ALFRED GATTY.
+
+Ecclesfield, May 27. 1850.
+
+This Eton phrase, the meaning of which is very correctly explained LORD
+BRAYBROOKE (Vol. i., p. 485.), appears to be connected with the Cheshire
+provincialism, which is thus interpreted in Wilbraham's _Cheshire
+Glossary_:--
+
+    "'Brosier, _s._ a bankrupt.' It is often used by boys at play,
+    when one of them has nothing further to stake."
+
+The noun _brosier_, as Mr. Wilbraham indicates, seems to be derived from
+the old word _brose_, or, as we now say, _bruise_. A _brosier_ would
+therefore mean a broken-down man, and therefore a bankrupt. The verb _to
+brosier_, as used at Eton, would easily be formed from the substantive.
+In the mediaeval Latin, _ruptura_ and _ruptus_ were used to signify
+_bankruptcy_ and a _bankrupt_. See Duncange, _Gloss._ in vv.
+
+    ETONIENSIS.
+
+The word _brozier_, or (as I always heard it pronounced) _brosier_, does
+not, or did not exclusively belong to Eton. It was current at Hackney
+School, an establishment formerly on the site of the present Infant
+Orphan Asylum, and had the precise meaning attributed to it by Lord
+Braybrooke. It was used both as a verb and as a substantive, but of its
+origin and etymology I am ignorant. The last master of Hackney School
+was the Rev. Dr. Heathcote, who died, I believe, about 1820. The
+schoolhouse was a very large and a very old building. May I take this
+opportunity of asking if anything is known of its history? There was a
+tradition prevalent among the boys, that it had been an hospital in the
+time of the Plague.
+
+I recollect there was another singular word current at Hackney, viz.
+"buckhorse," for a smart box on the ear.                            {45}
+
+    C. M.
+
+    [Buckhorse was a celebrated bruiser, whose name has been
+    preserved in this designation of a blow, in the same way as that
+    of his successor "Belcher" has been in that of the peculiar
+    style of silk handkerchief which he always wore.]
+
+
+_Symbols of Four Evangelists._--Among the several replies to JARTZBERG'S
+Query (Vol. i., p. 385.), I do not observe any notice of Sir T. Brown's
+account of the symbols of the four Evangelists. I will therefore copy
+part of a note I have on the subject, though see it is unfortunately
+without any other reference than the _name_ of the author.
+
+After giving _Jonathan's_ opinion of the four principal or legionary
+standards among the Israelites, Sir T. Brown adds:
+
+    "But Abenegra and others, besides the colours of the field, do
+    set down other charges,--in Reuben's, the form of a man or
+    mandrake,--in that of Judah, a lion,--in Ephraim's, an ox; in
+    Dan's, the figure of an eagle. And thus, indeed, the four
+    figures in the banners of the principal squadrons of Israel are
+    answerable unto the Church in the vision of Ezekiel, every one
+    carrying the form of all these.... And conformable hereunto, the
+    pictures of the Evangelists (whose Gospels are the Christian
+    banners) are set forth with the addition of a man or angel, an
+    ox, a lion, and an eagle. And these symbolically represent the
+    office of angels and ministers of God's will, in whom is
+    required, understanding as in a man, courage and vivacity as in
+    a lion, service and ministerial officiousness as in the ox,
+    expedition or celerity of execution as in the eagle."
+
+    J. SANSOM.
+
+
+_Catacombs and Bone-houses_ (Vol. i. p. 171.).--Part I. of a _History of
+the Hundred of Rowell_ by Paul Cypher (published by J. Ginns, Rowell,)
+has recently fallen in my way, and as I understand the writer is a
+medical gentleman residing in the village (or town), I condense from the
+account of the "Bone Caverns," p. 39-42., such particulars as may answer
+the Query of Rev. A. Gatty.
+
+The number of skeletons, as is asserted by those who have taken the
+trouble to calculate, is 30,000. The vault in which they are deposited
+is a long cryptiform structure, with a low groined roof, and the bones
+are carefully packed in alternate strata of skulls, arms, legs, and so
+forth. They seem to have been discovered by a gravedigger about 150
+years since. Nothing is known with certainty respecting the date of this
+vast collection. Some conjecture that the remains here deposited are the
+consequence of a sanguinary battle in very early times, and profess to
+discover peculiarities in the osseous structure, showing a large
+proportion of the deceased to have been natives of a distant land; that
+all were in the prime of life; and that most of the skulls are
+fractured, as though with deadly weapons. Others, again, say they are
+the remains of the slain at Naseby.
+
+    "I have examined carefully and at leisure the crania, and can
+    discover none but the mesobreginate skulls common to these
+    islands.... I have discovered more than one skull, in which the
+    alveolar sockets were entirely absorbed,--an effect of age
+    rarely produced under eighty years, I should imagine. And as to
+    the marks of injury visible on some, they will be attributed, I
+    think, by the impartial observer, rather to the spade and foot
+    of the sexton, than the battle-axe and stout arm of the ancient
+    Briton."
+
+As to the supposition that these relics were brought from Naseby, it is
+sufficient to observe that the number of the slain in that engagement
+did not exceed one thousand.
+
+    "That most of these bodies were lying in the earth for a number
+    of years is proved, I think, by these several circumstances:
+    First, a careful examination of the interior of many of the
+    skulls, shows that roots have vegetated within them, the dry
+    fibres of which I have often observed; next, the teeth are
+    nearly all absent, and it is notoriously one of the first
+    effects of inhumation upon the osseous system, by which the
+    teeth are loosened; and lastly, we have two sources from which
+    bodies may have been exhumed and reinterred beneath the mother
+    church; and those are the Chapel of the Virgin and that moiety
+    of the original graveyard, which has evidently at some long
+    distant time, been taken from the church."
+
+Human bones have been dug up in front of Jesus Hospital, to the
+south-east of the church-yard. At the eastern extremity of the cavern is
+a rude sketch apparently intended to represent the Resurrection.
+
+    ARUN.
+
+
+_Tace Latin for a Candle_ (Vol. i., p. 385).--I am not aware of "Tace is
+Latin for a candle" in any earlier book than Swift's _Polite
+Conversation_; but it must have been threadbare in his time, or he would
+not have inserted it in that great collection of platitudes:--
+
+    "_Lord Smart._ Well, but after all, Tom, can you tell me what is
+    Latin for a goose?
+
+    "_Neverout._ O, my Lord, I know that; why, Brandy is Latin for a
+    goose, and _Tace_ is Latin for a candle."
+
+    H. B. C.
+
+
+_Members for Durham--why none prior to_ 1673-4 (Vol. ii., p.
+8.).--Because Durham was an episcopal palatine, which had jurisdictions,
+and even, in olden times, a Parliament of its own. Several bills were
+brought in between 1562 and 1673, to give M.P.'s to both county and
+city; but an act was only passed in the latter year. The first writ was
+moved, it is said, in 1675; but the first return is dated in Whitworth,
+1679. (Oldfield's _Parl. Hist._, iii. 425.)
+
+    C.
+
+
+"_A Frog he would_," _&c._--I am in my sixth decade, and pretty far on
+in it too; and I can recollect this jingle as long as I can recollect
+anything. It formed several stanzas (five or six at least), and had {46}
+its own tune. There was something peculiarly attractive and humorous to
+the unformed ear and mind in the ballad, (for as a ballad it was sung,)
+as I was wont to hear it. I can therefore personally vouch for its
+antiquity being half a century. But, beyond this, I must add, that my
+early days being spent in a remote provincial village (high up the
+Severn), and the ballad, as I shall call it, being _universally known_,
+I cannot help inferring that it is of considerable antiquity. Anything
+of then recent date could hardly be both generally known and universally
+popular in such a district and amongst such a people. Whether it had a
+local origin there or not, it would be difficult to say but I never
+heard it spoken of as having any special application to local persons or
+affairs. Of course there are only two ways of accounting for its
+popularity,--either its application, or its jingle of words and tune. If
+I may venture a "guess," it would be, that it had originally a political
+application, in some period when all men's minds were turned to some one
+great politico-religious question; and this, not unlikely, the period of
+the Cavaliers and Roundheads. We know how rife this kind of warfare was
+in that great struggle. Or again, it might be as old as the Reformation
+itself, and have a reference to Henry the Eighth and Anna Boleyn.
+
+    "The frog he would a-wooing go,
+    Whether his mother would let him or no,"
+
+would not inaptly represent the "wide-mouthed waddling frog"
+Henry--"mother church,"--and the "gleesome Anna" would be the "merry
+mouse in the mill." It may be worth the while of gentlemen conversant
+with the ballad literature and political squibs of both the periods here
+indicated, to notice any traces in other squibs and ballads of the same
+imagery that is employed in this. It would also be desirable, if
+possible, to get a complete copy of these verses. My own memory can only
+supply a part, or rather disjointed parts: but I think it probable that
+it may be easily obtained by persons resident in the counties bordering
+on North Wales, especially in Shropshire or Herefordshire, and perhaps
+in Cheshire or Staffordshire.
+
+I should not have thought of troubling you with my own reminiscences as
+an answer to an antiquarian question, but for the fact that even these
+go further back than any information that has been sent you.
+
+    T. S. D.
+
+Shooter's Hill, June 7.
+
+
+_Cavell_ (Vol. i., p. 473.).--To cast cavells, _i.e._ to cast lots, is
+in constant every-day use in Northumberland. The Teutonic derivation
+given is correct.
+
+    W.
+
+
+_To endeavour Ourselves--The Homilies._--Perhaps your correspondents G.
+P. (Vol. i., p 125.), and C. I. R. (Vol. i., p. 285) may, from the
+following passages, conclude that "ourselves", is the object of the verb
+"endeavour."
+
+    "He did this to this intent, 'that the whole clergy, in the mean
+    space, might apply themselves to prayer, not doubting but that
+    all his loving subjects would occupy themselves to God's honour,
+    and so endeavour themselves that they may be more ready,'" &c.
+    &c.--Heylin, _Hist. of the Reform. from an Act passed in Edward
+    VI.'s Reign_, 1548.
+
+    "Let us endeavour ourselves, both inwardly in our hearts, and
+    also outwardly with our bodies, diligently to exercise this
+    godly exercise of fasting."--_Homily on Fasting_ (end).
+
+    "Only show yourselves thankful in your lives, determine with
+    yourselves to refuse and avoid all such things in your
+    conversation as should offend his eyes of mercy. Endeavour
+    yourselves that way to rise up again, which way ye fell into the
+    well or pit of sin."--_Hom. on the Resur._ (near the end).
+
+    "From henceforth let us endeavour ourselves to walk in a new
+    life."--_Hom. of Repentance_, Pt. 2. (end).
+
+There are many other similar passages in the "Homilies". I have also
+noticed the following Latimer's Sermons:--
+
+    "The devil, with no less diligence, endeavoureth himself to let
+    and stop our prayers."--Vol. i. p. 829. Parker Soc. edit.
+
+    "Every patron, when he doth not diligently endeavor himself to
+    place a good and godly man in his benefice, shall make answer
+    before God."--Vol. ii. p. 28.
+
+    "Let them endeavour themselves." [I have forgotten the reference
+    in this case, but it is in vol. i.]
+
+    "How much, then, should we endeavour ourselves to make ready
+    towards this day, when it shall not be a money matter, but a
+    soul matter." (ii. p. 62)
+
+As I am engaged on a work on the "Homilies," I should feel very grateful
+for any allusions to them in writers between 1600 and 1650, and for any
+notices of their being read in churches during that period. Can any of
+your readers inform me where the fullest account may be found of the
+state of preaching in England prior to the Reformation?
+
+    THOMAS COX.
+
+Preston, May 25. 1850.
+
+
+_Three Dukes_ (Vol. ii., p. 9.).--The verses themselves called them
+"three _bastard_ dukes;" but the only bastard duke I can find at that
+time was the Duke of Monmouth; all the other creations of the king's
+bastards were subsequent to that date. And even if, by poetical licence
+or courtly anticipation, they could be called _dukes_, they were all too
+young to have any share in such a fray. I must further observe, that
+_Evelyn's Diary_ is silent as to any such events, though he is, about
+that time, justly indignant at the immoralities of the Court. The
+"park" referred to, but not named in the verses, is the             {47}
+disreputable place called "Whetstone Park," near Holborn.
+
+    C.
+
+
+_Christabel_ (Vol. i., p. 262.).--After a long hunt among Manx and
+Highland superstitions, I have just found that the passage I was in
+search of belongs to "the Debateable Land."
+
+    "'Reverend father,' replied Magdalen, 'hast thou never heard
+    that there are spirits powerful to rend the walls of a castle
+    asunder when once admitted, which yet _cannot enter the house
+    unless they are invited, nay, dragged over the threshold_? Twice
+    hath Roland Groeme been thus drawn into the household of Avenel
+    by those who now hold the title. Let them look to the
+    issue.'"--_The Abbot_, chap. 15., ad fin., _and note_.
+
+    C. FORBES.
+
+Temple, April 15.
+
+
+_Derivation of "Trianon"_ (Vol. i., p. 439.; vol. ii., p. 13.).--Your
+correspondent AREDJID KOOES is certainly right: Trianon was the _name of
+a village_, which formerly stood on the site of these two chateaux. (See
+Vatout, and all the histories of Versailles.) I would take this occasion
+of suggesting, that it is essential to the value of your work that your
+correspondents should be careful not to _lead_ us astray by mere
+_guesses_. What authority has your correspondent J. K. R. W. (Vol. ii.,
+p. 13.) for asserting that "_trianon_ is a word meaning a _pavilion_?"
+And if, as I believe, he has not the slightest, I appeal to him whether
+it is fair to the public to assert it so confidently.
+
+    C.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Miscellaneous.
+
+
+NOTES ON BOOKS, CATALOGUES, SALES, ETC.
+
+
+We recently called attention to Mr. Colburn's new Edition of _The Diary
+and Correspondence of John Evelyn_. We have now to announce from the
+same publisher an inedited work by Evelyn, entitled _The History of
+Religion_, to be printed from the original MS. in the Library at Wotton.
+The work, which it is said contains a condensed statement and
+investigation of the natural and scriptural evidences, is the result of
+an endeavour on Evelyn's part to satisfy himself amidst the startling
+manifestations of infidelity, fanaticism, and conflicting opinion by
+which he found himself surrounded.
+
+Sir Fortunatus Dwarris has just put forth a privately printed Letter to
+J. Payne Collier, Esq., in which he endeavours to solve the great
+political Query of George the Third's time. His pamphlet is called _Some
+new Facts and a Suggested New Theory as to the Authorship of the Letters
+of Junius_. Sir Fortunatus' theory, which he supports with a good deal
+of amusing illustration by way of proof, is, that Junius, to use the
+language of Mark Tapley, was "a Co.," "that the writer was one, but the
+abettors were many," that Sir Philip Francis was the head of the Firm,
+but that among the sleeping partners were Lords Temple, Chatham, and
+George Sackville, the three Burkes, Colonel Barre, Dyer, Loyd, Boyd, and
+others.
+
+It can scarcely be necessary to remind our Archaeological friends that
+the Annual Meeting of the Institute at Oxford will commence on Tuesday
+next. The selection of Oxford as the place of meeting was a most happy
+one, and from the preparations which have been made, both by the Heads
+of Houses and the Managers of the Institute, there can be little doubt
+of the great success of this Oxford Congress of Archaeologists.
+
+Messrs. Sotheby and Co. will commence on Monday, the 24th of this month,
+the Sale of the second portion of the valuable stock of Messrs. Payne
+and Foss, including an excellent collection of Classics, Philology,
+History, and Belles Lettres,--a recent purchase from the Library of a
+well-known collector,--and about fifteen hundred volumes bound by the
+most eminent binders. The sale of this portion will occupy nine days.
+
+We have received the following catalogues:--John Russell Smith (4. Old
+Compton Street), A Rider Catalogue of Second-hand Books; John Miller's
+(43. Chandos Street) Catalogue, No. 7. for 1850, of Books Old and New;
+William Heath's (29-1/2. Lincoln's Inn Fields) Select Catalogue of
+Second-hand Books; and Bernard Quaritch's (16. Castle Street, Leicester
+Square) Catalogue No. 17. of Books, comprising Architecture, Fine Arts,
+Dialects, and Languages of Europe and Asia; and Cole's (15. Great
+Turnstile) List No. XXVI. of very Cheap Second-hand Books.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES
+
+
+WANTED TO PURCHASE.
+
+(_In continuation of Lists in former Nos._)
+
+  ARCANA OF SCIENCE. 1829.
+  ANDREW STEWART'S LETTERS TO LORD MANSFIELD ON THE DOUGLAS CASE.
+      About 1793.
+  NEWMAN ON THE ARIANS.
+  LAWSON ON THE HEBREWS.
+  WESTPHALII MONUMENTA INEDITA RER. GERMANICARUM.
+  BIRCHERODIUS DE CORNIBUS ET CORNUTIS, 4to. Hafniae.
+
+_Odd Volumes._
+
+    The first volume of THE WORKS OF ALEXANDER POPE, ESQ. London,
+    printed in the year 1772. No publisher named.
+
+    The third volume of THE WORKS OF SHAKSPEARE, in Ten Vols.
+    Edinburgh, printed by Marten and Wotherspoon. 1767.
+
+    Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_,
+    to be sent to Mr. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186.
+    Fleet Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Notices to Correspondents.
+
+CHAUCER'S TOMB. _Will_ J. W. P., _who has forwarded to us a contribution
+to the Restoration of Chaucer's Monument, favour us with his name and
+address?_
+
+TITLE-PAGE AND INDEX TO VOLUME THE FIRST. _The preparation of the Index
+with that fulness which can alone render it useful, has taken more time
+than was anticipated. It will, however, be ready very shortly._
+
+_Covers for the First Volume are preparing, and will be ready for
+Subscribers with the Title-Page and Index._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+NEW WORKS IN GENERAL LITERATURE                                     {48}
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+I.
+
+MEMOIRS OF THE DUKES OF URBINO (1440 to 1630). By JAMES DENNISTOUN, of
+Dennistoun. With numerous Portraits, Plates, Facsimiles, and Woodcuts. 3
+vols. square crown 8vo. 2l. 8s.
+
+II.
+
+SIR ROGER DE COVERLEY. From "The Spectator." With Notes, &c., by W. H.
+WILLIS; and Twelve fine Woodcuts from drawings by F. TAYLER. Crown 8vo.
+15s.; morocco, 27s.
+
+III.
+
+Mrs. JAMESON'S SACRED and LEGENDARY ART; or, LEGENDS of the SAINTS and
+MARTYRS. New Edition, complete in One Volume; with Etchings by the
+Author, and Woodcuts. Square crown 8vo. 28s.
+
+IV.
+
+Mrs. JAMESON'S LEGENDS OF THE SAINTS AND MARTYRS, as represented in the
+Fine Arts. With Etchings by the Author, and Woodcuts. Square crown 8vo.
+28s.
+
+V.
+
+THE CHURCH IN THE CATACOMBS: a Description of the Primitive Church of
+Rome. By CHARLES MAITLAND. New Edition, with Woodcuts. 8vo. 14s.
+
+VI.
+
+Mr. MACAULAY'S HISTORY OF ENGLAND, from the Accession of James II. New
+Edition. Vols. I. and II. 8vo. 32s.
+
+VII.
+
+JOHN COAD'S MEMORANDUM of the SUFFERINGS of the REBELS sentenced to
+Transportation by Judge Jeffreys. Square fcap. 8vo. 4s. 6d.
+
+VIII.
+
+AN INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH ANTIQUITIES. Intended as a Companion to the
+History of England. BY JAMES ECCLESTON. With many Wood Engravings. 8vo.
+12s.
+
+IX.
+
+Mr. A. RICH'S ILLUSTRATED COMPANION to the LATIN DICTIONARY and GREEK
+LEXICON. With about 2,000 Woodcuts, from the Antique. Post 8vo. 21s.
+
+X.
+
+MAUNDER'S TREASURY OF KNOWLEDGE and LIBRARY of REFERENCE: a Compendium
+of Universal Knowledge. New Edition. Fcap. 8vo. 10s.; bound 12s.
+
+XI.
+
+MAUNDER'S BIOGRAPHICAL TREASURY; a New Dictionary of Ancient and Modern
+Biography; comprising about 12,000 Memoirs. New Edition, with
+Supplement. Fcap. 8vo. 10s.; bound, 12s.
+
+XII.
+
+MAUNDER'S SCIENTIFIC AND LITERARY TREASURY: a copious portable
+Encyclopaedia of Science and the Belles Lettres. New Edition. Fcap. 8vo.
+10s.; bound, 12s.
+
+XIII.
+
+MAUNDER'S HISTORICAL TREASURY: comprising an Outline of General History,
+and a separate History of every Nation. New Edition. Fcap. 8vo. 10s.;
+bound, 12s.
+
+XIV.
+
+MAUNDER'S TREASURY OF NATURAL HISTORY, or, a Popular Dictionary of
+Animated Nature. New Edition; with 900 Woodcuts. Fcap. 8vo. 10s.; bound,
+12s.
+
+XV.
+
+SOUTHEY'S COMMON-PLACE BOOK. FIRST SERIES--CHOICE PASSAGES, &c. SECOND
+EDITION, with Medallion Portrait. Square crown 8vo. 18s.
+
+XVI.
+
+SOUTHEY'S COMMON-PLACE BOOK. SECOND SERIES--SPECIAL COLLECTIONS. Edited
+by the REV. J. W. WARTER, B.D., the Author's Son-in-Law. Square crown
+8vo. 18s.
+
+XVII.
+
+SOUTHEY'S COMMON-PLACE BOOK. THIRD SERIES--ANALYTICAL READINGS. Edited
+by Mr. SOUTHEY's Son-in-Law, the Rev. J. W. WARTER, B.D. Square crown
+8vo. 21s.
+
+XVIII.
+
+SOUTHEY'S COMMON-PLACE BOOK. FOURTH AND CONCLUDING SERIES--ORIGINAL
+MEMORANDA, &c. Edited by the Rev. J. W. WARTER, B.D., Mr. SOUTHEY'S
+Son-in-Law. Square crown 8vo. [Nearly Ready.]
+
+XIX.
+
+SOUTHEY'S THE DOCTOR. &c. Complete in One Volume, with Portrait, Bust,
+Vignette, and coloured Plate. Edited by the Rev. J. W. WARTER, B.D., the
+Author's Son-in-Law. Square crown 8vo. 21s.
+
+XX.
+
+SOUTHEY'S LIFE and CORRESPONDENCE. Edited by his Son, the Rev. C. C.
+SOUTHEY, M.A.; with Portraits and Landscape Illustrations. 6 vols. post
+8vo. 63s.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+LONDON:
+
+LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, AND LONGMANS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. New
+Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and
+published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St.
+Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet
+Street aforesaid.--Saturday, June 15. 1850.
+
+
+
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