diff options
Diffstat (limited to '25939.txt')
| -rw-r--r-- | 25939.txt | 8109 |
1 files changed, 8109 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/25939.txt b/25939.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..78db595 --- /dev/null +++ b/25939.txt @@ -0,0 +1,8109 @@ +The Project Gutenberg eBook, A Bibliography of the writings in Prose and +Verse of George Henry Borrow, by Thomas J. Wise, et al + + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + + + + +Title: A Bibliography of the writings in Prose and Verse of George Henry Borrow + + +Author: Thomas J. Wise + + + +Release Date: June 30, 2008 [eBook #25939] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-646-US (US-ASCII) + + +***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE WRITINGS IN +PROSE AND VERSE OF GEORGE HENRY BORROW*** + + +Transcribed from the 1914 Richard Clay and Sons edition by David Price, +email ccx074@pglaf.org + + [Picture: Manuscript of Lord's Prayer in Romany] + + + + + +A +BIBLIOGRAPHY +OF +THE WRITINGS IN PROSE AND VERSE +OF +GEORGE HENRY BORROW + + + BY + THOMAS J. WISE + + LONDON: + PRINTED FOR PRIVATE CIRCULATION ONLY + BY RICHARD CLAY & SONS, LTD. + 1914 + + OF THIS BOOK + ONE HUNDRED COPIES ONLY + HAVE BEEN PRINTED. + + + + +PREFACE + + +The object of the present Bibliography is to give a concise account, +accompanied by accurate collations, of the original editions of the Books +and Pamphlets of George Borrow, together with a list of his many +contributions to Magazines and other Publications. It will doubtless be +observed that no inconsiderable portion of the Bibliography deals with +the attractive series of Pamphlets containing Ballads, Poems, and other +works by Borrow which were printed for Private Circulation during the +course of last year. Some account of the origin of these pamphlets, and +some information regarding the material of which they are composed, may +not be considered as inopportune or inappropriate. + +As a writer of English Prose Borrow long since achieved the position +which was his due; as a writer of English Verse he has yet to come by his +own. + +The neglect from which Borrow's poetical compositions (by far the larger +proportion of which are translations from the Danish and other tongues) +have suffered has arisen from one cause, and from one cause alone,--the +fact that up to the present moment only his earliest and, in the majority +of cases, his least successful efforts have been available to students of +his work. + +In 1826, when Borrow passed his _Romantic Ballads_ through the Press, he +had already acquired a working knowledge of numerous languages and +dialects, but of his native tongue he had still to become a master. In +1826 his appreciation of the requirements of English Prosody was of a +vague description, his sense of the rhythm of verse was crude, and the +attention he paid to the exigencies of rhyme was inadequate. Hence the +majority of his Ballads, beyond the fact that they were faithful +reproductions of the originals from which they had been laboriously +translated, were of no particular value. + +But to Borrow himself they were objects of a regard which amounted to +affection, and there can be no question that throughout a considerable +portion of his adventurous life he looked to his Ballads to win for him +whatever measure of literary fame it might eventually be his fortune to +gain. In _Lavengro_, and other of his prose works, he repeatedly +referred to his "bundle of Ballads"; and I doubt whether he ever really +relinquished all hope of placing them before the public until the last +decade of his life had well advanced. + +That the Ballad Poetry of the old Northern Races should have held a +strong attraction for Borrow is not to be wondered at. His restless +nature and his roving habits were well in tune with the spirit of the old +Heroic Ballads; whilst his taste for all that was mythical or vagabond +(vagabond in the literal, and not in the conventional, sense of the word) +would prompt him to welcome with no common eagerness the old Poems +dealing with matters supernatural and legendary. Has he not himself +recorded how, when fatigued upon a tiring march, he roused his flagging +spirits by shouting the refrain "_Look out_, _look out_, _Svend +Vonved_!"? + +In 1829, three years after the _Romantic Ballads_ had struggled into +existence, Borrow made an effort to place them before a larger public in +a more complete and imposing form. In collaboration with Dr. (afterwards +Sir John) Bowring he projected a work which should contain the best of +his old Ballads, together with many new ones, the whole to be supported +by the addition of others from the pen of Dr. Bowring. {0a} A Prospectus +was drawn up and issued in December, 1829, and at least two examples of +this Prospectus have survived. The brochure consists of two octavo pages +of letterpress, with the following heading:-- + + PROSPECTUS. + + _It is proposed to publish_, _in Two Volumes Octavo_, + Price to Subscribers 1 pound 1_s._, to Non-Subscribers 1 pound 4_s._, + THE SONGS OF SCANDINAVIA, + TRANSLATED BY + DR. BOWRING AND MR. BORROW. + + DEDICATED TO THE KING OF DENMARK, BY PERMISSION OF HIS MAJESTY. + + + +Then came a brief synopsis of the contents of the volumes, followed by a +short address on "the debt of justice due from England to Scandinavia." + +Two additional pages were headed _List of Subscribers_, and were left +blank for the reception of names which, alas! were recorded in no +sufficient number. The scheme lapsed, Borrow found his mission in other +fields of labour, and not until 1854 did he again attempt to revive it. + +But in 1854 Borrow made one more very serious effort to give his Ballads +life. In that year he again took them in hand, subjected many of them to +revision of the most drastic nature, and proceeded to prepare them +finally for press. Advertisements which he drew up are still extant in +his handwriting, and reduced facsimiles of two of these may be seen upon +the opposite page. But again Fate was against him, and neither _Koempe +Viser_ nor _Songs of Europe_ ever saw the light. {0b} + + [Picture: Manuscript of the Koempe Viser And Songs of Europe + advertisement] + +After the death of Borrow his manuscripts passed into the possession of +his step-daughter, Mrs. MacOubrey, from whom the greater part were +purchased by Mr. Webber, a bookseller of Ipswich, who resold them to Dr. +William Knapp. These Manuscripts are now in the hands of the Hispanic +Society, of New York, and will doubtless remain for ever the property of +the American people. Fortunately, when disposing of the bulk of her +step-father's books and papers to Mr. Webber, Mrs. MacOubrey retained the +Manuscripts of the Ballads, together with certain other documents of +interest and importance. It was from these Manuscripts that I was +afforded the opportunity of preparing the series of Pamphlets printed +last year. + +The Manuscripts themselves are of four descriptions. Firstly, the +Manuscripts of certain of the new Ballads prepared for the _Songs of +Scandinavia_ in 1829, untouched, and as originally written; {0c} +secondly, other of these new Ballads, heavily corrected by Borrow in a +later handwriting; thirdly, fresh transcripts, with the revised texts, +made in or about 1854, of Ballads written in 1829; and lastly some of the +more important Ballads originally published in 1826, entirely re-written +in 1854, and the text thoroughly revised. + +As will be seen from the few examples I have given in the following +pages, or better still from a perusal of the pamphlets, the value as +literature of Borrow's Ballads as we now know them is immeasurably higher +than that hitherto placed upon them by critics who had no material upon +which to form their judgment beyond the _Romantic Ballads_, _Targum_, and +_The Talisman_, together with the sets of minor verses included in his +other books. Borrow himself regarded his work in this field as superior +to that of Lockhart, and indeed seems to have believed that one cause at +least of his inability to obtain a hearing was Lockhart's jealousy for +his own _Spanish Ballads_. Be that as it may--and Lockhart was certainly +sufficiently small-minded to render such a suspicion by no means +ridiculous or absurd--I feel assured that Borrow's metrical work will in +future receive a far more cordial welcome from his readers, and will meet +with a fuller appreciation from his critics, than that which until now it +has been its fortune to secure. + +Despite the unctuous phrases which, in obedience to the promptings of the +Secretaries of the British and Foreign Bible Society {0d} whose interests +he forwarded with so much enterprise and vigor, he was at times +constrained to introduce into his official letters, Borrow was at heart a +Pagan. The memory of his father that he cherished most warmly was that +of the latter's fight, actual or mythical, with 'Big Ben Brain,' the +bruiser; whilst the sword his father had used in action was one of his +best-regarded possessions. To that sword he addressed the following +youthful stanzas, which until now have remained un-printed: + + + +THE SWORD + + + _Full twenty fights my father saw_, + _And died with twenty red wounds gored_; + _I heir'd what he so loved to draw_, + _His ancient silver-handled sword_. + + _It is a sword of weight and length_, + _Of jags and blood-specks nobly full_; + _Well wielded by his Cornish strength_ + _It clove the Gaulman's helm and scull_. + + _Hurrah_! _thou silver-handled blade_, + _Though thou'st but little of the air_ + _Of swords by Cornets worn on p'rade_, + _To battle thee I vow to bear_. + + _Thou'st decked old chiefs of Cornwall's land_, + _To face the fiend with thee they dared_; + _Thou prov'dst a Tirfing in their hand_ + _Which victory gave whene'er_ '_twas bared_. + + _Though Cornwall's moors_ '_twas ne'er my lot_ + _To view_, _in Eastern Anglia born_, + _Yet I her son's rude strength have got_, + _And feel of death their fearless scorn_. + + _And when the foe we have in ken_, + _And with my troop I seek the fray_, + _Thou'lt find the youth who wields thee then_ + _Will ne'er the part of Horace play_. + + _Meanwhile above my bed's head hang_, + _May no vile rust thy sides bestain_; + _And soon_, _full soon_, _the war-trump's clang_ + _Call me and thee to glory's plain_. + +These stanzas are interesting in a way which compels one to welcome them, +despite the poverty of the verse. The little poem is a fragment of +autobiographical _juvenilia_, and moreover it is an original composition, +and not a translation, as is the greater part of Borrow's poetical work. + +Up to the present date no Complete Collected Edition of Borrow's Works +has been published, either in this country or in America. There is, +however, good reason for hoping that this omission will soon be remedied, +for such an edition is now in contemplation, to be produced under the +agreeable editorship of Mr. Clement Shorter. + +It is, I presume, hardly necessary to note that every Book, Pamphlet, and +Magazine dealt with in the following pages has been described _de visu_. + + T. J. W. + + + + +CONTENTS + + PART I.--EDITIONES PRINCIPES PAGE + +_PREFACE_ ix + +CELEBRATED TRIALS, 1825 3 + +FAUSTUS, 1825 4 + +ROMANTIC BALLADS, 1826: + + _First issue_ 11 + + _Second issue_ 44 + + _Third issue_ 47 + +TARGUM, 1835 47 + +THE TALISMAN, 1835 58 + +THE GOSPEL OF ST. LUKE, 1837 62 + +THE ZINCALI, 1841 66 + +THE BIBLE IN SPAIN, 1843 69 + +REVIEW OF FORD'S "HAND-BOOK FOR TRAVELLERS IN SPAIN," 72 +1845 + +A SUPPLEMENTARY CHAPTER TO "THE BIBLE IN SPAIN," 1913 81 + +LAVENGRO, 1851 85 + +THE ROMANY RYE, 1857 88 + +THE SLEEPING BARD, 1860 92 + +WILD WALES, 1862 94 + +ROMANO LAVO-LIL, 1874 103 + +THE TURKISH JESTER, 1884 110 + +THE DEATH OF BALDER, 1889 111 + +LETTERS TO THE BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIBLE SOCIETY, 1911 113 + +LETTERS TO HIS WIFE, MARY BORROW, 1913 115 + +MARSK STIG, A BALLAD, 1913 116 + +THE SERPENT KNIGHT, AND OTHER BALLADS, 1913 127 + +THE KING'S WAKE, AND OTHER BALLADS, 1913 131 + +THE DALBY BEAR, AND OTHER BALLADS, 1913 139 + +THE MERMAID'S PROPHECY, AND OTHER SONGS RELATING TO QUEEN 140 +DAGMAR, 1913 + +HAFBUR AND SIGNE, A BALLAD, 1913 144 + +THE STORY OF YVASHKA WITH THE BEAR'S EAR, 1913 153 + +THE VERNER RAVEN, THE COUNT OF VENDEL'S DAUGHTER, AND 157 +OTHER BALLADS, 1913 + +THE RETURN OF THE DEAD, AND OTHER BALLADS, 1913 158 + +AXEL THORDSON AND FAIR VALBORG, 1913 165 + +KING HACON'S DEATH, AND BRAN AND THE BLACK DOG, 1913 166 + +MARSK STIG'S DAUGHTERS, AND OTHER SONGS AND BALLADS, 1913 170 + +THE TALE OF BRYNILD, AND KING VALDEMAR AND HIS SISTER, 177 +1913 + +PROUD SIGNILD, AND OTHER BALLADS, 1913 181 + +ULF VAN YERN, AND OTHER BALLADS, 1913 182 + +ELLEN OF VILLENSKOV, AND OTHER BALLADS, 1913 188 + +THE SONGS OF RANILD, 1913 191 + +NIELS EBBESEN AND GERMAND GLADENSWAYNE, 1913 192 + +CHILD MAIDELVOLD, AND OTHER BALLADS, 1913 195 + +ERMELINE, A BALLAD, 1913 203 + +THE GIANT OF BERN AND ORM UNGERSWAYNE, 1913 207 + +LITTLE ENGEL, A BALLAD, 1913 208 + +ALF THE FREEBOOTER, LITTLE DANNEVED AND SWAYNE TROST, AND 212 +OTHER BALLADS, 1913 + +KING DIDERIK AND THE FIGHT BETWEEN THE LION AND DRAGON, 215 +AND OTHER BALLADS, 1913 + +THE NIGHTINGALE, THE VALKYRIE AND RAVEN, AND OTHER 219 +BALLADS, 1913 + +GRIMMER AND KAMPER, THE END OF SIVARD SNARENSWAYNE, AND 223 +OTHER BALLADS, 1913 + +THE FOUNTAIN OF MARIBO, AND OTHER BALLADS, 1913 227 + +QUEEN BERNGERD, THE BARD AND THE DREAMS, AND OTHER 231 +BALLADS, 1913 + +FINNISH ARTS, OR, SIR THOR AND DAMSEL THURE, 1913 237 + +BROWN WILLIAM, THE POWER OF THE HARP, AND OTHER BALLADS, 238 +1913 + +THE SONG OF DEIRDRA, KING BYRGE AND HIS BROTHERS, AND 244 +OTHER BALLADS, 1913 + +SIGNELIL, A TALE FROM THE CORNISH, AND OTHER BALLADS, 247 +1913 + +YOUNG SWAIGDER OR THE FORCE OF RUNES, AND OTHER BALLADS, 251 +1913 + +EMELIAN THE FOOL, 1913 253 + +THE STORY OF TIM, 1913 254 + +MOLLIE CHARANE, AND OTHER BALLADS, 1913 257 + +GRIMHILD'S VENGEANCE, THREE BALLADS, 1913 262 + +LETTERS TO HIS MOTHER, ANN BORROW, 1913 266 + +THE BROTHER AVENGED, AND OTHER BALLADS, 1913 267 + +THE GOLD HORNS, 1913 271 + +TORD OF HAFSBOROUGH, AND OTHER BALLADS, 1914 273 + +THE EXPEDITION TO BIRTING'S LAND, AND OTHER BALLADS, 1914 275 + + PART II. + +CONTRIBUTIONS TO PERIODICAL LITERATURE, ETC. 283 + + PART III. + +BORROVIANA: COMPLETE VOLUMES OF BIOGRAPHY AND CRITICISM 311 + +PART I. +EDITIONES PRINCIPES, ETC. + + +(1) [CELEBRATED TRIALS: 1825] + + +Celebrated Trials, / and / Remarkable Cases / of / Criminal +Jurisprudence, / from / The Earliest Records / to / The Year 1825. / +[_Thirteen-line quotation from Burke_] / In Six Volumes. / Vol. I. +[_Vol. II_, _&c._] / London: / Printed for Knight and Lacey, / +Paternoster-Row. / 1825. / Price 3 pounds 12_s._ in Boards. + +Collation:--Demy octavo. + +Vol. I. Pp. xiii + v + 550, with nine engraved Plates. + +Vol. II. ,, vi + 574, with seven engraved Plates. + +[P. 574 is misnumbered 140.] + +Vol. III. ,, vi + 572, with three engraved Plates. + +Vol. IV. ,, vi + 600, with five engraved Plates. + +Vol. V. ,, vi + 684, with five engraved Plates. + +Vol. VI. ,, viii + 576 + an _Index_ of 8 pages, together with six +engraved Plates. + +Issued in drab paper boards, with white paper back-labels. The leaves +measure 8.625 x 5 inches. + +It is evident that no fewer than five different printing houses were +employed simultaneously in the production of this work. + +The preliminary matter of all six volumes was printed together, and the +reverse of each title-page carries at foot the following imprint: +"_London_: / _Shackell and Arrowsmith_, _Johnson's-Court_, +_Fleet-Street_." + +The same firm also worked the whole of the Second Volume, and their +imprint is repeated at the foot of p. 574 [misnumbered 140]. + +Vol. I bears, at the foot of p. 550, the following imprint: "_Printed by +W. Lewis_, 21, _Finch-Lane_, _Cornhill_." + +Vol. III bears, at the foot of p. 572, the following imprint: "_J. and C. +Adlard_, _Printers_, / _Bartholomew Close_." + +Vols. IV and VI bear, at the foot of pages 600 and 576 respectively, the +following imprint: "_D. Sidney & Co._, _Printers_ / +_Northumberland-street_, _Strand_." + +Vol. V bears, at the foot of p. 684, the following imprint: "_Whiting and +Branston_, / _Beaufort House_, _Strand_." + +Both Dr. Knapp and Mr. Clement Shorter have recorded full particulars of +the genesis of the _Celebrated Trials_. Mr. Shorter devotes a +considerable portion of Chapter xi of _George Borrow and his Circle_ to +the subject, and furnishes an analysis of the contents of each of the six +volumes. _Celebrated Trials_ is, of course, the _Newgate Lives and +Trials_ of _Lavengro_, in which book Borrow contrived to make a +considerable amount of entertaining narrative out of his early struggles +and failures. + +There is a Copy of the First Edition of _Celebrated Trials_ in the +Library of the British Museum. The Press-mark is 518.g.6. + + + +(2) [FAUSTUS: 1825] + + +Faustus: / His / Life, Death, / and / Descent into Hell. / Translated +from the German. / _Speed thee_, _speed thee_, / _Liberty lead thee_, / +_Many this night shall harken and heed thee_. / _Far abroad_, / +_Demi-god_, / _Who shall appal thee_! / _Javal_, _or devil_, _or what +else we call thee_. / Hymn to the Devil. / London: / W. Simpkin and R. +Marshall. / 1825. + + [Picture: Title page of Fautus, 1825] + +Collation:--Foolscap octavo, pp. xii + 251; consisting of: Half-title +(with imprint "_Printed by_ / _J. and C. Adlard_, _Bartholomew Close_" at +the foot of the reverse) pp. i-ii; Title-page, as above (with blank +reverse) pp. iii-iv; Preface (headed _The Translator to the Public_) pp. +v-viii; Table of _Contents_ pp. ix-xii; and Text pp. 1-251. The reverse +of p. 251 is occupied by Advertisements of Horace Welby's _Signs before +Death_, and John Timbs's _Picturesque Promenade round Dorking_. The +headline is _Faustus_ throughout, upon both sides of the page. At the +foot of the reverse of p. 251 the imprint is repeated thus, "_J. and C. +Adlard_, _Bartholomew Close_." The signatures are A (6 leaves), B to Q +(15 sheets, each 8 leaves), plus R (6 leaves). + +Issued (in _April_, 1825) in bright claret-coloured linen boards, with +white paper back-label. The leaves measure 6.75 x 4.25 inches. The +published price was 7_s._ 6_d._ + +The volume has as _Frontispiece_ a coloured plate, engraved upon copper, +representing the supper of the sheep-headed Magistrates, described on pp. +64-66. The incident selected for illustration is the moment when the +wine 'issued in blue flames from the flasks,' and 'the whole assembly sat +like so many ridiculous characters in a mad masquerade.' This +illustration was not new to Borrow's book. It had appeared both in the +German original, and in the French translation of 1798. In the original +work the persons so bitterly satirized were the individuals composing the +Corporation of Frankfort. + +In 1840 'remainder' copies of the First Edition of _Faustus_ were issued +with a new title-page, pasted upon a stub, carrying at foot the following +publishers' imprint, "_London_: / _Simpkin_, _Marshall & Co._ / 1840." +They were made up in bright claret-coloured linen boards, uniform with +the original issue, with a white paper back-label. The published price +was again 7_s._ 6_d._ + +_Faustus_ was translated by Borrow from the German of Friedrich +Maximilian von Klinger. Mr. Shorter suggests, with much reason, that +Borrow did not make his translation from the original German edition of +1791, but from a French translation published in Amsterdam in 1798. + +The reception accorded to _Faustus_ was the reverse of favourable. _The +Literary Gazette_ said (_July_ 16_th_, 1825):-- + + "This is another work to which no respectable publisher ought to have + allowed his name to be put. The political allusion and metaphysics, + which may have made it popular among a low class in Germany, do not + sufficiently season its lewd scenes and coarse descriptions for + British palates. We have occasionally publications for the + fireside,--these are only fit for the fire." + +Borrow's translation of Klinger's novel was reprinted in 1864, without +any acknowledgment of the name of the translator. Only a few stray words +in the text were altered. But five passages were deleted from the +Preface, which, not being otherwise modified or supplemented, gave--as +was no doubt the intention of the publishers--the work the appearance of +a new translation specially prepared. This unhallowed edition bears the +following title-page: + +_Faustus_: / _His_ / _Life_, _Death_, _and Doom_. / _A Romance in Prose_. +/ _Translated from the German_. / [Quotation as in the original edition, +followed by a Printer's ornament.] / _London_: / _W. Kent and Co._, +_Paternoster Row_. / 1864.--Crown 8vo, pp. viii + 302. + +"There is no reason to suppose," remarks Mr. Shorter (_George Borrow and +his Circle_, p. 104) "that the individual, whoever he may have been, who +prepared the 1864 edition of _Faustus_ for the Press, had ever seen +either the German original or the French translation of Klinger's book." + +There is a copy of the First Edition of _Faustus_ in the Library of the +British Museum. The Press-mark is N.351. + + [Picture: Title page of Romantic Ballads] + + + +(3) [ROMANTIC BALLADS: 1826] + + +Romantic Ballads, / Translated from the Danish; / and / Miscellaneous +Pieces; / By / George Borrow. / _Through gloomy paths unknown_-- / _Paths +which untrodden be_, / _From rock to rock I roam_ / _Along the dashing +sea_. / Bowring. / Norwich: / Printed and Published by S. Wilkin, Upper +Haymarket. / 1826. + +Collation:--Demy octavo, pp. xii + 187; consisting of: Half-title (with +imprint "_Norwich_: / _Printed by S. Wilkin_, _Upper Haymarket_" upon the +centre of the reverse) pp. i-ii; Title-page, as above (with blank +reverse) pp. iii-iv; Table of _Contents_ (with blank reverse) pp. v-vi; +_Preface_ pp. vii-viii; Prefatory Poem _From Allan Cunningham to George +Borrow_ pp. ix-xi, p. xii is blank; Text of the _Ballads_ pp. 1-184; and +List of Subscribers pp. 185-187. The reverse of p. 187 is blank. There +are head-lines throughout, each page being headed with the title of the +Ballad occupying it. The imprint is repeated at the foot of p. 184. The +signatures are a (a half-sheet of 4 leaves), b (a quarter-sheet of 2 +leaves), B to M (eleven sheets, each 8 leaves), and N (a half-sheet of 4 +leaves), followed by an unsigned quarter-sheet of 2 leaves carrying the +List of Subscribers. {12} Sigs. G 5 and H 2 (pp. 89-90 and 99-100) are +cancel-leaves, mounted on stubs, in every copy I have met with. + +Issued (in _May_ 1826) in dark greenish-grey paper boards, with white +paper back-label, lettered "_Romantic_ / _Ballads_ / _From the_ / _Danish +By_ / _G. Borrow_ / _Price_ 10/6 _net_." The leaves measure 9 x 5.5 +inches. + +The volume of _Romantic Ballads_ was printed at Norwich during the early +months of 1826. The edition consisted of Five Hundred Copies, but only +Two Hundred of these were furnished with the Title-page transcribed +above. These were duly distributed to the subscribers. The remaining +Three Hundred copies were forwarded to London, where they were supplied +with the two successive title-pages described below, and published in the +ordinary manner. + + "_I had an idea that_, _provided I could persuade any spirited + publisher to give these translations to the world_, _I should acquire + both considerable fame and profit_;_ not perhaps a world-embracing + fame such as Byron's_, _but a fame not to be sneered at_, _which + would last me a considerable time_, _and would keep my heart from + breaking_;--_profit_, _not equal to that which Scott had made by his + wondrous novels_, _but which would prevent me from starving_, _and + enable me to achieve some other literary enterprise_. _I read and + re-read my ballads_, _and the more I read them the more I was + convinced that the public_, _in the event of their being published_, + _would freely purchase_, _and hail them with merited + applause_"--["George Borrow and his Circle," 1913, p. 102.] + +Allan Cunningham's appreciation of the manner in which Borrow had +succeeded in his effort to introduce the Danish Ballads to English +readers is well expressed in the following letter: + + 27, _Lower Belgrave Place_, + _London_. + 16_th_ _May_, 1826. + + _My dear Sir_, + + _I like your Danish Ballads much_, _and though Oehlenslaeger seems a + capital poet_, _I love the old rhymes best_. _There is more truth + and simplicity in them_;_ and certainly we have nothing in our + language to compare with them_. . . . '_Sir John_' _is a capital + fellow_, _and reminds one of Burns'_ '_Findlay_.' '_Sir Middel_' _is + very natural and affecting_, _and exceedingly well rendered_,--_so + is_ '_The Spectre of Hydebee_.' _In this you have kept up the true + tone of the Northern Ballad_. '_Svend Vonved_' _is wild and + poetical_, _and it is my favourite_. _You must not think me + insensible to the merits of the incomparable_ '_Skimming_.' _I think + I hear his neigh_, _and see him crush the ribs of the Jute_. _Get + out of bed_, _therefore_, _George Borrow_, _and be sick or sleepy no + longer_. _A fellow who can give us such exquisite Danish Ballads has + no right to repose_. . . . + + _I remain_, + _Your very faithful friend_, + _Allan Cunningham_. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE. + +Introductory Verses. By Allan Cunningham. [_Sing_, ix +_sing_, _my friend_; _breathe life again_] + +The Death-Raven. [_The silken sail_, _which caught the 1 +summer breeze_] + +I give herewith a reduced facsimile of the first page of +the original Manuscript of this Ballad. No other MS. of +it is known to be extant. + +Fridleif and Helga. [_The woods were in leaf_, _and 21 +they cast a sweet shade_] + +Sir Middel. [_So tightly was Swanelil lacing her vest_] 28 + +Previously printed (under the title _Skion Middel_, the +first line reading, "_The maiden was lacing so tightly +her vest_,") in _The Monthly Magazine_, _November_ 1823, +p. 308. Apart from the opening line, the text of the +two versions (with the exception of a few trifling +verbal changes) is identical. + +Another, but widely different, version of this Ballad is +printed in _Child Maidelvold and Other Ballads_, 1913, +pp. 5-10. In this latter version the name of the +heroine is Sidselil in place of Swanelil, and that of +the hero is Child Maidelvold in place of Sir Middel. + +Elvir-Shades. [_A sultry eve pursu'd a sultry day_] 32 + +Considerable differences are to be observed between the +text of the Manuscript of _Elvir-Shades_ and that of the +printed version. For example, as printed the second +stanza reads: + + _I spurr'd my courser_, _and more swiftly rode_, + _In moody silence_, _through the forests green_, + _Where doves and linnets had their lone abode_. + +In the Manuscript it reads: + + _Immers'd in pleasing pensiveness I rode_ + _Down vistas dim_, _and glades of forest green_, + _Where doves and nightingales had their abode_. + +The Heddybee-Spectre. [_I clomb in haste my dappled 37 +steed_] + +In 1829 Borrow discarded his original (1826) version of +_The Heddybee-Spectre_, and made an entirely new +translation. This was written in couplets, with a +refrain repeated after each. In 1854 the latter version +was revised, and represents the final text. It +commences thus: + + _At evening fall I chanced to ride_, + _My courser to a tree I tied_. + _So wide thereof the story goes_. + + _Against a stump my head I laid_, + _And then to slumber I essay'd_ + _So wide thereof the story goes_. + +From the Manuscript of 1854 the ballad was printed +(under the amended title _The Heddeby Spectre_) in +_Signelil_, _A Tale from the Cornish_, _and Other +Ballads_, 1913, pp. 22-24. Borrow afterwards described +the present early version as 'a paraphrase.' + +Sir John. [_Sir Lave to the island stray'd_] 40 + +There is extant a Manuscript of _Sir John_ which +apparently belongs to an earlier date than 1826. The +text differs considerably from that of the _Romantic +Ballads_. I give a few stanzas of each. + + 1826. + + _The servants led her then to bed_, + _But could not loose her girdle red_! + "_I can_, _perhaps_," _said John_. + + _He shut the door with all his might_; + _He lock'd it fast_, _and quench'd the light_: + "_I shall sleep here_," _said John_. + + _A servant to Sir Lave hied_:-- + "_Sir John is sleeping with the bride_:" + "_Aye_, _that I am_," _said John_. + + _Sir Lave to the chamber flew_: + "_Arise_, _and straight the door undo_!" + "_A likely thing_!" _said John_. + + _He struck with shield_, _he struck with spear_-- + "_Come out_, _thou Dog_, _and fight me here_!" + "_Another time_," _said John_. + + _Early MS._ + + _They carried the bride to the bridal bed_, + _But to loose her girdle ne'er entered their head_-- + "_Be that my care_," _said John_. + + _Sir John locked the door as fast as he might_: + "_I wish Sir Lave a very good night_, + _I shall sleep here_," _said John_. + + _A messenger to Sir Lave hied_: + "_Sir John is sleeping with thy young bride_!" + "_Aye_, _that I am_!" _said John_. + + _On the door Sir Lave struck with his glove_: + "_Arise_, _Sir John_, _let me in to my love_!" + "_Stand out_, _you dog_!" _said John_. + + _He struck on the door with shield and spear_: + "_Come out_, _Sir John_, _and fight me here_!" + "_See if I do_!" _said John_. + +May Asda. [_May Asda is gone to the merry green wood_] 44 + +Aager and Eliza. [_Have ye heard of bold Sir Aager_] 47 + +Saint Oluf. [_St. Oluf was a mighty king_] 53 + +_Of Saint Oluf_ there are three MSS. extant, the first +written in 1826, the second in 1829, and the third in +1854. In the two later MSS. the title given to the +Ballad is _Saint Oluf and the Trolds_. As the latest +MS. affords the final text of the Poem, I give a few of +the variants between it and the printed version of 1826 + + 1826. + + _St. Oluf built a lofty ship_, + _With sails of silk so fair_; + "_To Hornelummer I must go_, + _And see what's passing there_." + + "_O do not go_," _the seamen said_, + "_To yonder fatal ground_, + _Where savage Jutts_, _and wicked elves_, + _And demon sprites_, _abound_." + + _St. Oluf climb'd the vessel's side_; + _His courage nought could tame_! + "_Heave up_, _heave up the anchor straight_; + _Let's go in Jesu's name_. + + "_The cross shall be my faulchion now_-- + _The book of God my shield_; + _And_, _arm'd with them_, _I hope and trust_ + _To make the demons yield_!" + + _And swift_, _as eagle cleaves the sky_, + _The gallant vessel flew_, + _Direct for Hornelummer's rock_, + _Through ocean's wavy blue_. + + '_Twas early in the morning tide_ + _When she cast anchor there_; + _And_, _lo_! _the Jutt stood on the cliff_, + _To breathe the morning air_: + + _His eyes were like the burning beal_-- + _His mouth was all awry_; + _The truth I tell_, _and say he stood_ + _Full twenty cubits high_. + + * * * * * + + "_Be still_, _be still_, _thou noisy guest_-- + _Be still for evermore_; + _Become a rock and beetle there_, + _Above the billows hoar_." + + _Up started then_, _from out the hill_, + _The demon's hoary wife_; + _She curs'd the king a thousand times_, + _And brandish'd high her knife_. + + _Sore wonder'd then the little elves_, + _Who sat within the hill_, + _To see their mother_, _all at once_, + _Stand likewise stiff and still_. + + 1854. + + _Saint Oluf caused a ship be built_, + _At Marsirand so fair_; + _To Hornelummer he'll away_, + _And see what's passing there_. + + _Then answer made the steersman old_, + _Beside the helm who stood_: + "_At Hornelummer swarm the Trolas_, + _It is no haven good_." + + _The king replied in gallant guise_, + _And sprang upon the prow_: + "_Upon the Ox {23} the cable cast_, + _In Jesu's name let go_!" + + _The Ox he pants_, _the Ox he snorts_, + _And bravely cuts the swell_-- + _To Hornelummer in they sail_ + _The ugly Trolds to quell_. + + _The Jutt was standing on the cliff_, + _Which raises high its brow_; + _And thence he saw Saint Oluf_, _and_ + _The Ox beneath him go_. + + _His eyes were like a burning beal_, + _His mouth was all awry_, + _The nails which feve'd his fingers' ends_ + _Stuck out so wondrously_. + + "_Now hold thy peace_, _thou foulest fiend_, + _And changed be to stone_; + _Do thou stand there_ '_till day of doom_, + _And injury do to none_." + + _Then out came running from the hill_ + _The carline old and grey_; + _She cursed the King a thousand times_, + _And bade him sail away_. + + _Then wondered much the little Trolds_, + _Who sat within the hill_, + _To see their mother all at once_ + _Stand likewise stiff and still_. + +The entire ballad should be compared with _King Oluf the +Saint_, printed in _Queen Berngerd_, _The Bard and the +Dreams_, _and Other Ballads_, 1913, pp 23-29. + +The Heroes of Dovrefeld. [_On Dovrefeld_, _in Norway_] 58 + +Another version of _The Heroes of Dovrefeld_, written in +1854, is extant in manuscript. Unlike that of 1826, +which was in four line stanzas, this later version is +arranged in couplets, with a refrain repeated after +each. It commences as follows: + + _On Dovrefeld in Norroway_ + _Free from care the warriors lay_. + _Who knows like us to rhyme and rune_? + + _Twelve bold warriors there were seen_, + _Brothers of Ingeborg the Queen_. + _Who knows like us to rhyme and rune_? + + _The first the rushing storm could turn_, + _The second could still the running burn_. + _Who knows like us to rhyme and rune_? + +Svend Vonved. [_Svend Vonved sits in his lonely bower_] 61 + +In a Manuscript of 1830 the name employed is _Swayne +Vonved_. There is no 1854 Manuscript of this Ballad. + +The Tournament. [_Six score there were_, _six score and 82 +ten_] + +_The Tournament_ was one of the Ballads entirely +rewritten by Borrow in 1854 for inclusion in the then +projected _Koempe Viser_. The text of the later version +differed greatly from that of 1826, as the following +extracts will show: + + 1826. + + _Six score there were_, _six score and ten_, + _From Hald that rode that day_; + _And when they came to Brattingsborg_ + _They pitch'd their pavilion gay_. + + _King Nilaus stood on the turrets top_, + _Had all around in sight_: + "_Why hold those heroes their lives so cheap_, + _That it lists them here to fight_? + + "_Now_, _hear me_, _Sivard Snaresvend_; + _Far hast thou rov'd_, _and wide_, + _Those warriors' weapons thou shalt prove_, + _To their tent thou must straightway ride_." + + * * * * * + + _There shine upon the eighteenth shield_ + _A man_, _and a fierce wild boar_, + _Are borne by the Count of Lidebierg_; + _His blows fall heavy and sore_. + + _There shines upon the twentieth shield_, + _Among branches_, _a rose_, _so gay_; + _Wherever Sir Nordman comes in war_, + _He bears bright honour away_. + + _There shines on the one-and-twentieth shield_ + _A vase_, _and of copper_ '_tis made_; + _That's borne by Mogan Sir Olgerson_: + _He wins broad lands with his blade_. + + _And now comes forth the next good shield_, + _With a sun dispelling the mirk_; + _And that by Asbiorn Milde is borne_; + _He sets the knights' backs at work_. + + _Now comes the four-and-twentieth shield_, + _And a bright sword there you see_; + _And that by Humble Sir Jerfing is borne_; + _Full worthy of that is he_. + + * * * * * + + _Sir Humble struck his hand on the board_; + _No longer he lists to play_: + _I tell you_, _forsooth_, _that the rosy hue_ + _From his cheek fast faded away_. + + "_Now_, _hear me_, _Vidrik Verlandson_; + _Thou art so free a man_; + _Do lend me Skimming_, _thy horse_, _this day_; + _I'll pledge for him what I can_." + + * * * * * + + _In came Humble_, _with boot and spur_, + _He cast on the table his sword_: + "_Sivard stands in the green wood bound_, + _He speaks not a single word_. + + "_O_, _I have been to the wild forest_, + _And have seiz'd the warrior stark_; + _Sivard there was taken by me_, + _And tied to the oak's rough bark_." + + * * * * * + + _The queen she sat in the high_, _high loft_, + _And thence look'd far and wide_: + "_O there comes Sward Snaresvend_, + _With a stately oak at his side_." + + _Then loud laugh'd fair Queen Gloriant_, + _As she looked on Sivard full_: + "_Thou wert_, _no doubt_, _in great_, _great need_, + _When thou such flowers didst pull_." + + 1854. + + _There were seven and seven times twenty_ + _Away from Hald that went_; + _And when they came to Brattingsborg_ + _There pitch'd they up their tent_. + + _King Nilaus stood on the turret's top_, + _Had all around in sight_: + "_If yonder host comes here to joust_ + _They hold their lives but light_. + + "_Now_, _hear me_, _Sivard Snarenswayne_, + _One thing I crave of thee_; + _To meet them go_, _for I would know_ + _Their arms_, _and who they be_." + + * * * * * + + _There shine upon the eighteenth shield_ + _A Giant and a Sow_; + _Who deals worse blows amidst his foes_, + _Count Lideberg_, _than thou_? + + _Wherever Sir Nordman comes in war_ + _He winneth fame in field_; + _Yon blooming rose and verdant boughs_ + _Adorn the twentieth shield_. + + _A copper kettle_, _fairly wrought_, + _Upon the next you see_; + '_Tis borne by one who realms has won_, + _Sir Mogan good_, _by thee_! + + _Forth comes the two-and-twentieth shield_, + _A sun mid mist and smoke_; + _Of wrestler line full many a spine_ + _Has Asborn Milday broke_. + + _A glittering faulchion shines upon_ + _The four-and-twentieth shield_; + _And that doth bear Sir Jerfing's heir_, + _He's worthy it to wield_. + + * * * * * + + _Young Humble struck his hand on the board_, + _No longer he lists to play_; + _I tell to you that the rosy hue_ + _From his cheek fast fled away_. + + "_Now hear me_, _Vidrik Verlandson_, + _Thou art a man so free_; + _Lend me thy horse to ride this course_, + _Grey Skimming lend to me_." + + * * * * * + + _In came Humble_, _with boot and spur_, + _On the table cast his sword_: + "_'Neath the green-wood bough stands Sivard now_, + _He speaketh not a word_. + + "_O_, _I have been to the forest wild_, + _And have seiz'd the warrior good_: + _These hands did chain the Snarenswayne_ + _To the oak's bark in the wood_." + + * * * * * + + _The Queen she sat in the chamber high_, + _And thence look'd far and wide_: + "_Across the plain comes the Snarenswayne_, + _With an oak-tree at his side_." + + _Then loud laughed fair Queen Ellinore_, + _As she looked on Sivard full_: + "_Thou wast_, _I guess_, _in sore distress_ + _When thou such flowers didst pull_!" + +A reduced facsimile of the first page of the Manuscript +of the 1854 version of _The Tournament_ will be found +herewith, facing page 28. + +Vidrik Verlandson. [_King Diderik sits in the halls of 98 +Bern_] + +_Vidrik Verlandson_ was another of the Ballads entirely +re-written by Borrow in 1854 for the proposed _Koempe +Viser_. The text of the later version differed +extremely from that of 1826, as the following examples +will shew: + + 1826. + + "_A handsome smith my father was_, + _And Verland hight was he_: + _Bodild they call'd my mother fair_; + _Queen over countries three_: + + "_Skimming I call my noble steed_, + _Begot from the wild sea-mare_: + _Blank do I call my haughty helm_, + _Because it glitters so fair_: + + "_Skrepping I call my good thick shield_; + _Steel shafts have furrow'd it o'er_: + _Mimmering have I nam'd my sword_; + '_Tis hardened in heroes' gore_: + + "_And I am Vidrik Verlandson_: + _For clothes bright iron I wear_: + _Stand'st thou not up on thy long_, _long legs_, + _I'll pin thee down to thy lair_: + + "_Do thou stand up on thy long_, _long legs_, + _Nor look so dogged and grim_; + _The King holds out before the wood_; + _Thou shall yield thy treasure to him_." + + "_All_, _all the gold that I possess_, + _I will keep with great renown_; + _I'll yield it at no little horse-boy's word_, + _To the best king wearing a crown_." + + "_So young and little as here I seem_, + _Thou shalt find me prompt in a fray_; + _I'll hew the head from thy shoulders off_, + _And thy much gold bear away_." + + * * * * * + + _It was Langben the lofty Jutt_, + _He wav'd his steel mace round_; + _He sent a blow after Vidrik_; + _But the mace struck deep in the ground_. + + _It was Langben the lofty Jutt_, + _Who had thought his foeman to slay_, + _But the blow fell short of Vidrik_; + _For the good horse bore him away_. + + _It was Langben the lofty Jutt_, + _That shouted in wild despair_: + "_Now lies my mace in the hillock fast_, + _As though_ '_twere hammered in there_!" + + * * * * * + + "_Accursed be thou_, _young Vidrik_! + _And accursed thy piercing steel_! + _Thou hast given me_, _see_, _a wound in my breast_, + _Whence rise the pains I feel_." + + * * * * * + + "_Now hear_, _now hear_, _thou warrior youth_, + _Thou canst wheel thy courser about_; + _But in every feat of manly strength_ + _I could beat thee out and out_." + + 1854. + + "_My father was a smith by trade_, + _And Verland Smith he hight_; + _Bodild they call'd my mother dear_, + _A monarch's daughter bright_. + + "_Blank do I call my helm_, _thereon_ + _Full many a sword has snapped_; + _Skrepping I call my shield_, _thereon_ + _Full many a shaft has rapped_. + + "_Skimming I call my steed_, _begot_ + _From the wild mare of the wood_; + _Mimmering have I named my sword_, + '_Tis hardened in heroes' blood_. + + "_And I am Viderik Verlandson_, + _Bright steel for clothes I wear_; + _Stand up on thy long legs_, _or I_ + _Will pin thee to thy lair_! + + "_Stand up on thy long legs_, _nor look_ + _So dogged and so grim_; + _The King doth hold before the wood_, + _Thy treasure yield to him_!" + + "_Whatever gold I here possess_ + _I'll keep_, _like a Kemp of worth_; + _I'll yield it at no horseboy's word_ + _To any King on earth_!" + + "_So young and little as I seem_ + _I'm active in a fray_; + _I'll hew thy head_, _thou lubbard_, _off_, + _And bear thy gold away_!" + + * * * * * + + _It was Langben the Giant waved_ + _His steely mace around_; + _He sent a blow at Vidrik_, _but_ + _The mace struck deep in the ground_. + + _It was Langben_, _the lofty Jutt_, + _Had thought his foe to slay_; + _But the blow fell short_, _for the speedy horse_ + _His master bore away_. + + _It was Langben_, _the lofty Jutt_, + _He bellow'd to the heaven_: + "_My mace is tight within the height_, + _As though by a hammer driven_!" + + * * * * * + + _Accurs'd be thou_, _young Vidrik_! + _Accursed be thy steel_! + _Thou'st given me a mighty wound_, + _And mighty pain I feel_. + + * * * * * + + "_Now hear_, _now hear_, _thou warrior youth_, + _Thou well canst wheel thy steed_; + _But I could beat thee out and out_ + _In every manly deed_." + +In _Romantic Ballads_, and also in the Manuscript of +1854, this Ballad is entitled _Vidrik Verlandson_. In +the Manuscript of 1829 it is entitled _Vidrik +Verlandson's Conflict with the Giant Langben_. The text +of this Manuscript is intermediate between that of the +other two versions. + +A reduced facsimile of the first page of the Manuscript +of the 1854 version of _Vidrik Verlandson_ is given +herewith, facing p. 35. + +Elvir Hill. [_I rested my head upon Elvir Hill's side_, 111 +_and my eyes were beginning to slumber_] + +In the Manuscript of 1829 this Ballad is entitled _Elfin +Hill_, and the text differs considerably from that +printed in 1826. I give the opening stanzas of each +version. + + 1826. + + _I rested my head upon Elvir Hill's side_, _and my + eyes were beginning to slumber_; + _That moment there rose up before me two maids_, + _whose charms would take ages to number_. + + _One patted my face_, _and the other exclaim'd_, + _while loading my cheek with her kisses_, + "_Rise_, _rise_, _for to dance with you here we have + sped from the undermost caves and abysses_. + + "_Rise_, _fair-haired swain_, _and refuse not to + dance_;_ and I and my sister will sing thee_ + _The loveliest ditties that ever were heard_, _and + the prettiest presents will bring thee_." + + _Then both of them sang so delightful a song_, _that + the boisterous river before us_ + _Stood suddenly quiet and placid_, _as though_ + '_twere afraid to disturb the sweet chorus_. + + 1829. + + _I rested my head upon Elfin Hill_, _on mine eyes + was slumber descending_; + _That moment there rose up before me two maids_, + _with me to discourse intending_. + + _The one kissed me on my cheek so white_, _the other + she whispered mine ear in_: + "_Arise_, _arise_, _thou beautiful swain_! _for thou + our dance must share in_. + + "_Wake up_, _wake up_, _thou beautiful swain_! _rise + and dance_ '_mongst the verdant grasses_; + _And to sing thee the sweetest of their songs I'll + bid my elfin lasses_." + + _To sing a song then one began_, _in voice so sweet + and mellow_, + _The boisterous stream was still'd thereby_, _that + before was wont to bellow_. + +Waldemar's Chase. [_Late at eve they were toiling on 115 +Harribee bank_] + +Previously printed in _The Monthly Magazine_, _August_ +1824, p. 21. + +The Merman. [_Do thou_, _dear mother_, _contrive 117 +amain_] + +A later, and greatly improved, version of this Ballad +was included, under the title _The Treacherous Merman_, +in _The Serpent Knight and Other Ballads_, 1913, pp. +15-17. An early draft of this later version bears the +title _Marsk Stig's Daughter_. + +The Deceived Merman. [_Fair Agnes alone on the 120 +sea-shore stood_] + +Previously printed in _The Monthly Magazine_, _March_ +1825, pp. 143-144. + +Cantata. [_This is Denmark's holyday_] 127 + +The Hail-Storm. [_When from our ships we bounded_] 136 + +_The Hail Storm_ was reprinted in _Targum_, 1835, pp. +42-43, and again in _Young Swaigder or The Force of +Runes and Other Ballads_, 1913, pp. 14-15. In each +instance very considerable variations were introduced +into the text. + +The Elder-Witch. [_Though tall the oak_, _and firm its 139 +stem_] + +Ode. From the Gaelic. [_Oh restless_, _to night_, _are 142 +my slumbers_] + +Bear Song. [_The squirrel that's sporting_] 144 + +Previously printed, with some trifling differences in +the text, in _The Monthly Magazine_, _December_, 1824, +p. 432. + +National Song. [_King Christian stood beside the mast_] 146 + +Previously printed (under the title "_Sea Song_; _from +the Danish of Evald_") in _The Monthly Magazine_, +_December_, 1823, p. 437. + +The Old Oak. [_Here have I stood_, _the pride of the 149 +park_] + +Lines to Six-Foot Three. [_A lad_, _who twenty tongues 151 +can talk_] + +Nature's Temperaments: + +1. Sadness. [_Lo_, _a pallid fleecy vapour_] 155 + +2. Glee. [_Roseate colours on heaven's high arch_] 156 + +3. Madness. [_What darkens_, _what darkens_?--'_tis 158 +heaven's high roof_] + +In a revised Manuscript of uncertain date, but _c_ +1860-70, this poem is entitled _Hecla and Etna_, the +first line reading: + + "_What darkens_? _It is the wide arch of the sky_." + +The Violet-Gatherer. [_Pale the moon her light was 159 +shedding_] + +Ode to a Mountain-Torrent. [_How lovely art thou in thy 164 +tresses of foam_] + +Previously printed in _The Monthly Magazine_, _October_, +1823, p. 244. + +In _The Monthly Magazine_ the eighth stanza reads: + + _O pause for a time_,--_for a short moment stay_; + _Still art thou streaming_,--_my words are in + vain_; + _Oft-changing winds_, _with tyrannical sway_, + _Lord there below on the time-serving main_! + +In Romantic Ballads it reads: + + _Abandon_, _abandon_, _thy headlong career_-- + _But downward thou rushest_--_my words are in + vain_, + _Bethink thee that oft-changing winds domineer_ + _On the billowy breast of the time-serving main_. + +Runic Verses. [_O the force of Runic verses_] 167 + +Thoughts on Death. [_Perhaps_ '_tis folly_, _but still 169 +I feel_] + +Previously printed (under the tentative title _Death_, +and with some small textual variations) in _The Monthly +Magazine_, _October_, 1823, p. 245. + +Birds of Passage. [_So hot shines the sun upon Nile's 171 +yellow stream_] + +The Broken Harp. [_O thou_, _who_, '_mid the forest 173 +trees_] + +Scenes. [_Observe ye not yon high cliff's brow_] 175 + +The Suicide's Grave. [_The evening shadows fall upon 182 +the grave_] + +NOTE.--Each poem to which no reference is attached, appeared for the +first time in this volume. + +There is at present no copy of the First Issue of the First Edition of +_Romantic Ballads_, with the original Title-page, in the Library of the +British Museum. + + [Picture: Manuscript of the Death Raven] + + [Picture: Manuscript of Sir John] + + [Picture: Manuscript of Saint Oluf and the Trolds] + + [Picture: Manuscript of Svend Vonved--1830] + + [Picture: Manuscript of The Tournament, 1854] + + [Picture: Manuscript of Vidrik Verlandson--1854] + + [Picture: Manuscript of Elvir Hill] + + [Picture: Manuscript of Marsk Stig's Daughter] + + + +Second Issue: 1826 + + +Romantic Ballads, / Translated from the Danish; / and / Miscellaneous +Pieces; / By / George Borrow. / _Through gloomy paths unknown_--/ _Paths +which untrodden be_, / _From rock to rock I roam_ / _Along the dashing +sea_. / Bowring. / London: / John Taylor, Waterloo Place, Pall Mall, / +1826. + +Collation:--Demy octavo, pp. xii + 187. The details of the collation +follow those of the First Issue described above in every particular, save +that, naturally, the volume lacks the two concluding leaves carrying the +List of Subscribers. + +Issued in drab paper boards, with white paper back-label. The published +price was Seven Shillings. + + "_Taylor will undertake to publish the remaining copies_. _His + advice is to make the price seven shillings_, _and to print a new + title-page_, _and then he will be able to sell some for you I advise + the same_," _etc._--[Allan Cunningham to George Borrow.] + +There is a copy of the Second Issue of the First Edition of _Romantic +Ballads_ in the Library of the British Museum. The Press-mark is 11565. +cc. 8. + + + +_Third Issue_: 1826 + + +Romantic Ballads, / Translated from the Danish; / and / Miscellaneous +Pieces; / By / George Borrow. / _Through gloomy paths unknown_--/ _Paths +which untrodden be_, / _From rock to rock I roam_ / _Along the dashing +sea_. / Bowring. / London: / Published by Wightman and Cramp, / 24 +Paternoster Row. / 1826. + +Collation:--Demy octavo, pp. xii + 187. The details of the collation +follow those of the Second Issue described above in every particular. + +Issued in drab paper boards, with white paper back-label. The price was +again Seven Shillings. + +In 1913 a type-facsimile reprint of the Original Edition of _Romantic +Ballads_ was published by Messrs. Jarrold and Sons of Norwich. Three +hundred Copies were printed. + + + +(4) [TARGUM: 1835] + + +Targum. / Or / Metrical Translations / From Thirty Languages / and / +Dialects. / By / George Borrow. / "_The raven has ascended to the nest of +the nightingale_." / Persian Poem. / St. Petersburg. / Printed by Schulz +and Beneze. / 1835. + +Collation:--Demy octavo, printed in half-sheets, pp. viii + 106; +consisting of: Title-page, as above (with a Russian quotation upon the +centre of the reverse) pp. i-ii; _Preface_ pp. iii-v; Table of _Contents_ +pp. vi-viii, with a single _Erratum_ at the foot of p. viii; and Text of +the _Translations_ pp. 1-106. There are no head-lines, the pages being +numbered centrally in Arabic numerals. Beyond that upon the foot of the +title-page, there is no imprint. The signatures are given in large +Arabic numerals, each pair of half-sheets dividing one number between +them; thus the first half-sheet is signed 1, the second 1*, the third 2, +the fourth 2*, &c. The Register is therefore 1 to 7 (thirteen +half-sheets, each 4 leaves), followed by a single unsigned leaf (pp. +105-106), the whole preceded by an unsigned half-sheet carrying the +Title-page, Preface, and Table of Contents. The book was issued without +any half-title. + +Issued in plain paper wrappers of a bright green colour, lined with +white, and without either lettering or label. The leaves measure 8 11/16 +x 5.5 inches. + +Borrow was happy in the title he selected for his book. _Targum_, as Mr. +Gosse has pointed out, is a Chaldee word meaning an interpretation. The +word is said to be the root of 'dragoman.' + +_Targum_ was written by Borrow during his two years' residence at St. +Petersburg (August, 1833, to August, 1835), and was published in June of +the latter year. One hundred copies only were printed. As might +naturally be expected the book has now become of very considerable +rarity, but a small proportion of the original hundred copies being +traceable to-day. + +A reduced facsimile of the Title-page is given herewith. + + "Just before completing this great work, the _Manchu New Testament_, + Mr. Borrow published a small volume in the English language, entitled + _Targum_, _or Metrical Translations from Thirty Languages and + Dialects_. The exquisite delicacy with which he has caught and + rendered the beauties of his well-chosen originals, is a proof of his + learning and genius. The work is a pearl in literature, and, like + pearls, it derives value from its scarcity, for the whole edition was + limited to about a hundred copies."--[_John P. Hasfeld_, _in The + Athenaeum_, _March_ 5_th_, 1836.] + + "Some days ago I was at Kirtof's bookshop on the Gaternaya Ulitza. I + wanted to buy a _Bible in Spain_ to send to Simbirsk (on the Volga), + where they torment me for it every post-day. The stock was all sold + out in a few days after its arrival last autumn. The bookseller + asked me if I knew a book by Borrow called _Targum_, which was + understood to have been written by him and printed at St. Petersburg, + but he had never been able to light upon it; and the surprising thing + was that the trade abroad and even in England did him the honour to + order it. I consoled him by saying that he could hardly hope to see + a copy in his shop or to get a peep at it. 'I have a copy,' + continued I, 'but if you will offer me a thousand roubles for the + bare reading of it I cannot do you the favour.' The man opened his + eyes in astonishment. 'It must be a wonderful book,' said he. 'Yes, + in that you are right, my good friend,' I replied."--[_John P. + Hasfeld_.] + + "After he became famous the Russian Government was desirous of + procuring a copy of this rare book, _Targum_, for the Imperial + Library, and sent an Envoy to England for the purpose. But the Envoy + was refused what he sought, and told that as the book was not worth + notice when the author's name was obscure and they had the + opportunity of obtaining it themselves, they should not have it + now."--[_A. Egmont Hake_, _in The Athenaeum_, _August_ 13_th_, 1881.] + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +Ode to God. [_Reign'd the Universe's Master ere were 1 +earthly things begun_] + +Borrow reprinted this _Ode_ in _The Bible in Spain_, +1843, Vol. iii, p. 333. + +Prayer. [_O Thou who dost know what the heart fain would 2 +hide_] + +Death. [_Grim Death in his shroud swatheth mortals each 3 +hour_] + +Stanzas. On a Fountain. [_In the fount fell my tears_, 4 +_like rain_] + +Stanzas. The Pursued. [_How wretched roams the weary 4 +wight_] + +Odes. From the Persian: + +1. [_Boy_, _hand my friends the cup_, '_tis time of 5 +roses now_] + +2. [_If shedding lovers' blood thou deem'st a matter 5 +slight_] + +3. [_O thou_, _whose equal mind knows no vexation_] 6 + +Stanzas. From the Turkish of Fezouli. [_O Fezouli_, 7 +_the hour is near_] + +Description of Paradise. [_Eight Gennets there be_, _as 8 +some relate_] + +O Lord! I nothing crave but Thee. [_O Thou_, _from whom 11 +all love doth flow_] + +Mystical Poem. Relating to the worship of the Great 13 +Foutsa or Buddh. [_Should I Foutsa's force and glory_] + +Moral Metaphors: + +1. [_From out the South the genial breezes sigh_] 19 + +2. [_Survey_, _survey Gi Shoi's murmuring flood_!] 20 + +The Mountain-Chase. [_Autumn has fled and winter left 21 +our bounds_] + +The Glory of the Cossacks. [_Quiet Don_!] 24 + +The Black Shawl. [_On the shawl_, _the black shawl with 27 +distraction I gaze_] + +Song. From the Russian of Pushkin. [_Hoary man_, 29 +_hateful man_!] + +The Cossack. An ancient Ballad. [_O'er the field the 30 +snow is flying_] + +The Three Sons of Budrys. [_With his three mighty sons_, 32 +_tall as Ledwin's were once_] + +The Banning of the Pest. [_Hie away_, _thou horrid 35 +monster_!] + +Woinomoinen. [_Then the ancient Woinomoinen_] 37 + +The Words of Beowulf, Son of Egtheof. [_Every one 39 +beneath the heaven_] + +The Lay of Biarke. [_The day in East is glowing_] 40 + +The title of this Ballad as it appears in the original +MS. is _The Biarkemal_. + +The Hail-storm. [_For victory as we bounded_] 42 + +Previously printed (but with very considerable variations +in the text, the first line reading "_When from our ships +we bounded_") in _Romantic Ballads_, 1826, pp. 136-138. +A final version of the Ballad, written about 1854, was +printed in _Young Swaigder or The Force of Runes and +Other Ballads_, 1913, pp. 14-15. + +The King and Crown. [_The King who well crown'd does 44 +govern the land_] + +Ode To a Mountain Torrent. [_O stripling immortal thou 45 +forth dost career_] + +Previously printed (but with an entirely different text, +the first line reading "_How lovely art thou in thy +tresses of foam_") in _The Monthly Magazine_, Vol. lvi., +1823, p. 244. + +Also printed in _Romantic Ballads_, 1826, pp. 164-166. + +The first stanza of the _Ode_ as printed in _Targum_ does +not figure in the version given in _Romantic Ballads_, +whilst the third stanza of the _Romantic Ballads_ version +is not to be found in _Targum_. + +Chloe. [_O we have a sister on earthly dominions_!] 47 + +Previously printed in _The Monthly Magazine_, Vol. lvi, +1823, p. 437. + +National Song. From the Danish of Evald. [_King 49 +Christian stood beside the mast_] + +Previously printed (under the title _Sea Song_; _from the +Danish of Evald_) in _The Monthly Magazine_, _December_, +1823, p. 437. + +Also printed in _Romantic Ballads_, 1826, pp. 146-148; +and again in _The Foreign Quarterly Review_, Vol. vi, +_June_, 1830, p. 70. + +The four versions of this _Song_, as printed in _The +Monthly Magazine_, in _Romantic Ballads_, in _The Foreign +Quarterly Review_, and in _Targum_, are utterly +different, the opening line being the only one which has +approximately the same reading in all. + +Sir Sinclair. [_Sir Sinclair sail'd from the Scottish 51 +ground_] + +Previously printed in _The Foreign Quarterly Review_, +Vol. vi, _June_, 1830, p. 73. + +Hvidfeld. [_Our native land has ever teem'd_] 56 + +Birting. A Fragment. [_It was late at evening tide_] 59 + +This "Fragment" consists of fifteen stanzas from the +Ballad _The Giant of Berne and Orm Ungerswayne_, which +was printed complete, for Private Circulation, in 1913. +[_See post_, No. 40.] + +Ingeborg's Lamentation. [_Autumn winds howl_] 62 + +The Delights of Finn Mac Coul. [_Finn Mac Coul_ '_mongst 65 +his joys did number_] + +Carolan's Lament. [_The arts of Greece_, _Rome and of 67 +Eirin's fair earth_] + +To Icolmcill. [_On Icolmcill may blessings pour_] 68 + +The Dying Bard. [_O for to hear the hunter's tread_] 70 + +In the original Manuscript of this Poem the title reads +_The Wish of the Bard_; the text also differs +considerably from that which appears in _Targum_. + +The Prophecy of Taliesin. [_Within my mind_] 73 + +The History of Taliesin. [_The head Bard's place I 74 +hold_] + +The original Manuscript of _The History of Taliesin_ +possesses many points of interest. In the first place, +in addition to sundry variations of text, it enables us +to fill up the words in the last line of stanza 3, and +the fourth line of stanza 7, which in the pages of +_Targum_ are replaced by asterisks. The full lines read: + + _Where died the Almighty's Son_, + +and + + _Have seen the Trinity_. + +In the second place the Manuscript contains a stanza, +following upon the first, which does not occur in the +printed text. This stanza reads as follows: + + _I with my Lord and God_ + _On the highest places trod_, + _When Lucifer down fell_ + _With his army into hell_. + _I know each little star_ + _Which twinkles near and far_; + _And I know the Milky Way_ + _Where I tarried many a day_. + +A reduced facsimile of the third page of this Manuscript +will be found herewith, facing page 54. + +Epigram. On a Miser who had built a Stately Mansion. 77 +[_Of every pleasure is thy mansion void_] + +The Invitation. [_Parry_, _of all my friends the best_] 78 + +The Rising of Achilles. [_Straightway Achilles arose_, 82 +_the belov'd of Jove_, _round his shoulders_] + +The Meeting of Odysses and Achilles. [_Tow'rds me came 85 +the Shade of Peleidean Achilles_] + +Hymn To Thetis and Neoptolemus. [_Of Thetis I sing with 90 +her locks of gold-shine_] + +The Grave of Demos. [_Thus old Demos spoke_, _as sinking 91 +sought the sun the western wave_] + +The Sorceries of Canidia. [_Father of Gods_, _who rul'st 92 +the sky_] + +The French Cavalier. [_The French cavalier shall have my 97 +praise_] + +Address To Sleep. [_Sweet death of sense_, _oblivion of 98 +ill_] + +The Moormen's March From Granada. [_Reduan_, _I but 101 +lately heard_] + +The Forsaken. [_Up I rose_, _O mother_, _early_] 103 + +Stanzas. From the Portuguese. [_A fool is he who in the 104 +lap_] + +My Eighteenth Year. [_Where is my eighteenth year_? _far 105 +back_] + +Song. From the Rommany. [_The strength of the ox_] 106 + +Another version of this _Song_, bearing the title "_Our +Heart is heavy_, _Brother_," is printed in _Marsk Stig's +Daughters and other Songs and Ballads_, 1913, pp. 17-18. + +NOTE.--Each poem to which no reference is attached, appeared for the +first time in this volume. + +In 1892 _Targum_ was reprinted, together with _The Talisman_, by Messrs. +Jarrold & Sons, of Norwich, in an edition of 250 copies. + +There is a copy of the First Edition of _Targum_ in the Library of the +British Museum. The Press-mark is C.57.i.6. + + [Picture: Title page of Targum, 1835] + + [Picture: Manuscript of The Miarkemal] + + [Picture: Manuscript of The History of Taliesin] + + + + (5) [THE TALISMAN: 1835] + + +The / Talisman. / From the Russian / of / Alexander Pushkin. / With other +Pieces. / St. Petersburg. / Printed by Schulz and Beneze, / 1835. + +Collation:--Royal octavo, pp. 14; consisting of: Title-page, as above +(with a Russian quotation upon the centre of the reverse) pp. 1-2; and +Text of _The Talisman_ and other Poems pp. 3-14. There are no +head-lines, the pages being numbered centrally in Arabic numerals. +Beyond that upon the title-page there is no imprint. There are also no +signatures, the pamphlet being composed of a single sheet, folded to form +sixteen pages. The last leaf is a blank. The book was issued without +any half-title. + +Issued stitched, and without wrappers. The leaves measure 9.75 x 6.25 +inches. + +One Hundred Copies only were printed. + +A reduced facsimile of the Title-page of _The Talisman_ is given +herewith. It will be observed that the heavy letterpress upon the +reverse of the title shows through the paper, and is reproduced in the +photograph. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +The Talisman. [_Where fierce the surge with awful 3 +bellow_] + +The Mermaid. [_Close by a lake_, _begirt with forest_] 5 + +Ancient Russian Songs: + +1. [_The windel-straw nor grass so shook and trembled_] 8 + +2. [_O rustle not_, _ye verdant oaken branches_!] 9 + +3. [_O thou field of my delight so fair and verdant_!] 9 + +Ancient Ballad. [_From the wood a sound is gliding_] 11 + +The Renegade. [_Now pay ye the heed that is fitting_] 13 + +NOTE.--The whole of the poems printed in _The Talisman_ appeared there +for the first time. + +In 1892 Messrs. Jarrold & Sons published page for page reprints of +_Targum_ and _The Talisman_. They were issued together in one volume, +bound in light drab-coloured paper boards, with white paper back-label, +and were accompanied by the following collective title-page: + +_Targum_: / _or_, / _Metrical Translations from Thirty Languages_ / _and +Dialects_. / _And_ / _The Talisman_, / _from the Russian of Alexander +Pushkin_. / _With Other Pieces_. / _By_ / _George Borrow_. / _Author of_ +"_The Bible in Spain_" _&c._ / _London_: / _Jarrold & Sons_, 3, +_Paternoster Buildings_. + +In 1912 a small 'remainder' of _The Talisman_ came to light. The 'find' +consisted of about Five Copies, which were sold in the first instance for +an equal number of Pence. The buyer appears to have resold them at +progressive prices, commencing at Four Pounds and concluding at Ten +Guineas. + +There is a copy of the First Edition of _The Talisman_ in the Library of +the British Museum. The Press-mark is C.57.e.33. + + [Picture: Title page of The Talisman, 1835] + + + +(6) [THE GOSPEL OF ST. LUKE: 1837] + + +Embeo / e Majaro Lucas. / Brotoboro / randado andre la chipe griega, +acana / chibado andre o Romano, o chipe es / Zincales de Sese. / El +Evangelio segun S. Lucas, / traducido al Romani, / o dialecto de los +Gitanos de Espana. / 1837. + +Collation:--Foolscap octavo, pp. 177, consisting of: Title-page, as above +(with Borrow's Colophon upon the reverse, followed by a quotation from +the _Epistle to the Romans_, Chap. XV. v. XXIV.) pp. 1-2; and Text of the +Gospel pp. 3-177. The reverse of p. 177 is blank. There are no +head-lines, the pages being numbered centrally in Arabic numerals. There +is no printer's imprint. The signatures are A to L (11 sheets, each 8 +leaves), plus L repeated (two leaves, the second a blank). The book was +issued without any half-title. + +I have never seen a copy of the First Edition of Borrow's translation +into the dialect of the Spanish Gypsies of the Gospel of St. Luke in the +original binding. No doubt the book (which was printed in Madrid) was +put up in paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, in accordance with the +usual Continental custom. + +Most of the copies now extant are either in a modern binding, or in +contemporary brown calf, with marbled edges and endpapers. The latter +are doubtless the copies sent home by Borrow, and bound in leather for +that purpose. The leaves of these measure 6 x 4 inches. + +As will be seen from the following extracts, it is probable that the +First Edition consisted of 250 copies, and that 50 of these were +forwarded to London: + + "In response to Borrow's letter of February 27th, the Committee + resolved 'to authorise Mr. Borrow to print 250 copies of the Gospel + of St. Luke, without the Vocabulary, in the Rummanee dialect, and to + engage the services of a competent person to translate the Gospel of + St. Luke by way of trial in the dialect of the Spanish + Basque.'"--[_Letters of George Borrow to the British and Foreign + Bible Society_, 1911, pp. 205-206.] + + "A small impression of the Gospel of St. Luke, in the Rommany, or + Gitano, or Gipsy language, has been printed at Madrid, under the + superintendence of this same gentleman, who himself made the + translation for the benefit of the interesting, singular, degraded + race of people whose name it bears, and who are very numerous in some + parts of Spain. He has likewise taken charge of the printing of the + Gospel of St. Luke, in the Cantabrian, or Spanish Basque language, a + translation of which had fallen into his hands."--[_Thirty-Fourth + Annual Report of the British and Foreign Bible Society_, 1838, p. + xliii.] + + "All the Testaments were stopped at the custom house, they were + contained in two large chests. . . . The chests, therefore, with the + hundred Gospels in Gitano and Basque [probably 50 copies of each] for + the Library of the Bible Society are at present at San Lucar in the + custom house, from which I expect to receive to-morrow the receipt + which the authorities here demand."--[_Borrow's letter to the Rev. A. + Brandram_, _Seville_, _May_ 2_nd_, 1839.] + +A Second Edition of the Gospel was printed in London in 1871. The +collation is Duodecimo, pp. 117. This was followed by a Third Edition, +London, 1872, the collation of which is also Duodecimo, pp. 117. Both +bear the same imprint: "_London_: / _Printed by William Clowes and Sons_, +_Stamford Street_, / _and Charing Cross_." + +For these London Editions the text was considerably revised. + +The Gospel of St. Luke in the Basque dialect, referred to in the above +paragraphs, is a small octavo volume bearing the following title-page: + +_Evangelioa_ / _San Lucasen Guissan_ / _El Evangelio segun S. Lucas_. / +_Traducido al vascuence_. / _Madrid_: / _Imprenta de la Campania +Tipografica_ / 1838. + +The translation was the work of a Basque physician named Oteiza, and +Borrow did little more than see it through the press. The book has, +therefore, no claim to rank as a Borrow _princeps_. + +The measure of success which attended his efforts to reproduce the Gospel +of St. Luke in these two dialects is best told in Borrow's own words: + + "I subsequently published the Gospel of St. Luke in the Rommany and + Biscayan languages. With respect to the first, I beg leave to + observe that no work printed in Spain ever caused so great and so + general a sensation, not so much amongst the Gypsies, for whom it was + intended, as amongst the Spaniards themselves, who, though they look + upon the Roma with some degree of contempt, nevertheless take a + strange interest in all that concerns them. . . . Respecting the + Gospel in Basque I have less to say. It was originally translated + into the dialect of Guipuscoa by Dr. Oteiza, and subsequently + received corrections and alterations from myself. It can scarcely be + said to have been published, it having been prohibited and copies of + it seized on the second day of its appearance. But it is in my power + to state that it is anxiously expected in the Basque provinces, where + books in the aboriginal tongue are both scarce and dear."--[_Borrow's + Survey of his last two years in Spain_, _printed in his Letters to + the Bible Society_, 1911, pp. 360-361.] + +There is a copy of the First Edition of _The Gospel of St. Luke in the +dialect of the Spanish Gypsies_ in the Library of the British Museum. +The Press-mark is C.51.aa.12. The Museum also possesses a copy of the +Gospel in the Basque dialect; the Pressmark is C.51.aa.13. + + [Picture: Title page of Embeo e Majaro Lucas] + + + +(7) [THE ZINCALI: 1841] + + +The Zincali; / Or, / An Account / of the / Gypsies of Spain. / With / An +Original Collection of their / Songs and Poetry, / and / A Copious +Dictionary of their Language. / By / George Borrow, / Late Agent of the +British and Foreign Bible Society / in Spain. / "_For that_, _which is +unclean by nature_, _thou canst entertain no hope_: _no_ / _washing will +turn the Gypsy white_."--Ferdousi. / In Two Volumes. / Vol. I. [_Vol. +II_] / London: / John Murray, Albemarle Street. / 1841. + + _Vol. I_. + +Collation:--Large duodecimo, pp. xvi + 362; consisting of: Half-title +(with imprint "_G. Woodfall and Son_, _Angel Court_, _Skinner Street_, +_London_" upon the centre of the reverse) pp. i-ii; Title-page, as above +(with blank reverse) pp. iii-iv; Dedication _To the Right Honourable the +Earl of Clarendon_, _G.C.B._ (with blank reverse) pp. v-vi; _Preface_ pp. +vii-xii; Table of _Contents_ pp. xiii-xvi; and Text pp. 1-362, including +a separate Fly-title (with blank reverse) to _The Zincali_, _Part II_. +There are headlines throughout, each verso being headed _The Zincali_, +whilst each recto carries at its head a note of the particular subject +occupying it. The imprint is repeated at the foot of p. 362. The +signatures are a (six leaves), b (two leaves), B to Q (15 sheets, each 12 +leaves), plus R (two leaves). Sig. R 2 is a blank. + + _Vol. II_. + +Collation:--Large duodecimo, pp. vi + 156 + vi + *135; consisting of: +Half-title (with imprint "_G. Woodfall and Son_, _Angel Court_, _Skinner +Street_, _London_" upon the centre of the reverse) pp. i-ii; Title-page, +as above (with blank reverse) pp. iii-iv; Table of _Contents_ pp. v-vi; +Fly-title to _The Zincali_, _Part III_ (with blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Text +of _Part III_ (including separate Fly-titles, each with blank reverse, to +_The Praise of Buddh_, _On the Language of the Gitanos_, and _Robber +Language_) pp. 3-156; Fly-title (with blank reverse) to _The Zincali_. +_Vocabulary of their Language_ pp. i-ii; _Advertisement to the +Vocabulary_ pp. iii-v; p. vi is blank; Text of the _Vocabulary_ pp. +*1-*113; p. *114 is blank; Fly-title (with blank reverse) to +_Miscellanies in the Gitano Language_ pp. *115-*116; _Advertisement_ to +the _Miscellanies_ p. *117; and Text of the _Miscellanies_ pp. *118-*135. +The reverse of p. *135 is blank. There are head-lines throughout, each +verso being headed _The Zincali_, whilst each recto carries at its head a +note of the particular subject occupying it. The imprint is repeated at +the foot of p. *135. The signatures are a (2 leaves), b (one leaf), B to +G (6 sheets, each 12 leaves), H (6 leaves), A (3 leaves), B to E (4 +sheets, each 12 leaves), F (9 leaves), and G (12 leaves). B 6, B 8, and +B 12 are cancel-leaves. The last leaf of Sig. G is occupied by a series +of Advertisements of _Works just Published_ by John Murray. + +Issued (in _April_, 1841) in dark blue cloth boards, with white paper +back-label, lettered "_Borrow's_ / _Gypsies_ / _of_ / _Spain_. / _Two +Volumes_. / _Vol. I_. [Vol. II.]." The leaves measure 7.875 x 4.75 +inches. The published price was 18_s._ + +Of the First Edition of _The Zincali_ Seven Hundred and Fifty Copies only +were printed. A Second Edition, to which a new Preface was added, was +published in _March_, 1843, and a Third in _September_, 1843, each of +which was restricted to the same number of copies. The Fourth Edition +appeared in 1846, the Fifth in 1870, the Sixth in 1882, the Seventh in +1888, and the Eighth in 1893. The book has since been included in +various popular editions, and translated into several foreign languages. + +Examples of _The Zincali_ may sometimes be met with bearing dates other +than those noted above. These are merely copies of the editions +specified, furnished with new title-pages. + +Included in the second volume of _The Zincali_ is a considerable amount +of verse, as follows: + + PAGE + +RHYMES OF THE GITANOS. [_Unto a refuge me they led_] 13 + +THE DELUGE. PART I. [_I with fear and terror quake_] 65 + +THE DELUGE. PART II. [_When I last did bid farewell_] 75 + +THE PESTILENCE. [_I'm resolved now to tell_] 85 + +The whole of the above pieces are accompanied on the +opposite pages by the original texts from which Borrow +translated them. + +POEM, RELATING TO THE WORSHIP OF THE GREAT FOUTSA OR 94 +BUDDH. [_Should I Foutsa's force and glory_] + +Previously printed in _Targum_, 1835, p. 13. + +There is a copy of the First Edition of _The Zincali_ in the Library of +the British Museum. The Press-mark is 1429.g.14. + + + +(8) [THE BIBLE IN SPAIN: 1843.] + + +The / Bible in Spain; / Or, the / Journeys, Adventures, and Imprisonments +/ Of an Englishman, / in / An Attempt to Circulate the Scriptures / in / +The Peninsula. / By George Borrow, / Author of "The Gypsies of Spain." / +In three volumes. / Vol. I. [Vol. II, etc.] / London: / John Murray, +Albemarle Street. / 1843. + + _Vol. I_. + +Collation:--Large duodecimo pp. xxiv + 370; consisting of: Half-title +(with imprint "_G. Woodfall and Son_, _Angel Court_, _Skinner Street_, +_London_" upon the centre of the reverse) pp. i-ii; Title-page, as above +(with blank reverse) pp. iii-iv; _Contents of Vol. i_ pp. v-viii; +_Preface_ pp. ix-xxiv; and Text pp. 1-370. There are head-lines +throughout, each verso being headed _The Bible in Spain_ together with +the number of the Chapter, whilst each recto carries at its head a note +of the particular subject occupying it, with the Chapter number repeated. +The imprint is repeated at the foot of p. 370. The signatures are A to Q +(sixteen sheets, each 12 leaves), plus R (a half-sheet of 6 leaves). The +last leaf of sig. R carries a series of Advertisements of books published +by John Murray. + + _Vol. II_. + +Collation:--Large duodecimo, pp. viii + 398; consisting of Half-title +(with imprint "_G. Woodfall and Son_, _Angel Court_, _Skinner Street_, +_London_" upon the centre of the reverse) pp. i-ii; Title-page, as above +(with blank reverse) pp. iii-iv; _Contents of Vol. ii._ pp. v-viii; and +_Text_ pp. 1-398. There are headlines throughout, as in the first +volume. The imprint is repeated at the foot of p. 398. The signatures +are A (four leaves), B to R (sixteen sheets, each 12 leaves), plus S (8 +leaves). The last leaf of Sig. R carries a series of Advertisements of +books published by John Murray. + + _Vol. III_. + +Collation:--Large duodecimo, pp. viii + 391; consisting of: Half-title +(with imprint "_G. Woodfall and Son_, _Angel Court_, _Skinner Street_, +_London_" upon the centre of the reverse) pp. i-ii; Title-page, as above +(with blank reverse) pp. iii-iv; _Contents of Vol iii_ pp. v-viii; and +Text pp. 1-391. There are headlines throughout, as in the two preceding +volumes. The reverse of p. 391 is occupied by Advertisements of +_Romantic Ballads_, _Targum_, and _The Zincali_. The imprint is repeated +at the foot of p. 391. The signatures are a (2 leaves), b (2 leaves), B +to R (sixteen sheets, each 12 leaves), plus S (4 leaves). + +Issued (in _December_, 1842) in deep claret-coloured cloth boards, with +white paper back-label, lettered "_The_ | _Bible_ | _in_ | _Spain_ | +_Vol. I_. [_Vol. II_, &c.]." The leaves measure 7.75 x 4.75 inches. +The published price was 27_s._ + +Although the title page of the First Edition of _The Bible in Spain_ is +dated 1843, there can be no doubt that the book was ready early in the +preceding December. I have in my own library a copy, still in the +original cloth boards, with the following inscription in Borrow's +handwriting upon the flyleaf: + + [Picture: Borrow's inscription] + +Autographed presentation copies of Borrow's books are remarkably few in +number, I only know of four, in addition to the above. One of these is +preserved in the Borrow Museum, at Norwich. + +Of the First Edition of _The Bible in Spain_ One Thousand Copies were +printed. The Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Editions were all +published in 1843. By 1896 eighteen authorised editions had made their +appearance. Since that date the book has been re-issued in numberless +popular editions, and has been translated into various foreign languages. + +The following verses made their first appearance in _The Bible in Spain_: + + VOL. I., PAGE + +FRAGMENT OF A SPANISH HYMN. [_Once of old upon 67 +a mountain_, _shepherds overcome with sleep_] + +LINES FROM AN EASTERN POET. [_I'll weary 149 +myself each night and each day_] + +A GACHAPLA. [_I stole a plump and bonny fowl_] 175 + + VOL. II., PAGE + +FRAGMENT OF A PATRIOTIC SONG. [_Don Carlos is 141 +a hoary churl_] + +SAINT JAMES. [_Thou shield of that faith which 176 +in Spain we revere_] + +A reduced facsimile of the first page of the +Manuscript of _Saint James_ will be found +facing the present page. + +LINES. [_May the Lord God preserve us from 310 +evil birds three_] + +LINES. [_A handless man a letter did write_] 312 + +There is a copy of the First Edition of _The Bible in Spain_ in the +Library of the British Museum. The press-mark is 1369.f 23. + + [Picture: Manuscript of The Hymn to St. James] + + + +(9) [REVIEW OF FORD'S "HAND-BOOK FOR TRAVELLERS IN SPAIN": 1845] + + +Art.--Hand-book for Travellers in Spain. London: 2 Vols. / post 8vo. +1845. + +Collation:--Folio, pp. 12. There is no Title-page proper, the title, as +above, being imposed upon the upper portion of the first page, after the +manner of a 'dropped head.' The head-line is _Spanish Hand-book_ +throughout, upon both sides of the page. There is no printer's imprint. +There are also no signatures; but the pamphlet is composed of three +sheets, each two leaves, making twelve pages in all. + +Issued stitched, and without wrappers. The leaves measure 13.5 x 8.5 +inches. The pamphlet is undated. It was printed in 1845. + +This _Review_ is unquestionably the rarest of the First Editions of +Borrow's Works. No more than two copies would appear to have been struck +off, and both are fortunately extant to-day. One of these was formerly +in the possession of Dr. William I. Knapp, and is now the property of the +Hispanic Society, of New York. The second example is in my own library. +This was Borrow's own copy, and is freely corrected in his characteristic +handwriting. A greatly reduced facsimile of the last page of the +pamphlet is given herewith. + +In 1845 Richard Ford published his _Hand-Book for Travellers in Spain and +Readers at Home_ [2 Vols. 8vo.], a work, the compilation of which is said +to have occupied its author for more than sixteen years. In conformity +with the wish of Ford (who had himself favourably reviewed _The Bible in +Spain_) Borrow undertook to produce a study of the _Hand-Book_ for _The +Quarterly Review_. The above Essay was the result. + +But the Essay, brilliant though it is, was not a 'Review.' Not until +page 6 is the _Hand-Book_ even mentioned, and but little concerning it +appears thereafter. Lockhart, then editing the _Quarterly_, proposed to +render it more suitable for the purpose for which it had been intended by +himself interpolating a series of extracts from Ford's volumes. But +Borrow would tolerate no interference with his work, and promptly +withdrew the Essay, which had meanwhile been set up in type. The +following letter, addressed by Lockhart to Ford, sufficiently explains +the position: + + _London_, + _June_ 13_th_, 1845. + + _Dear Ford_, + + '_El Gitano_' _sent me a paper on the_ "_Hand-Book_" _which I read + with delight_. _It seemed just another capital chapter of his_ + "_Bible in Spain_" _and I thought_, _as there was hardly a word of_ + '_review_,' _and no extract giving the least notion of the peculiar + merits and style of the_ "_Hand-Book_," _that I could easily_ (_as is + my constant custom_) _supply the humbler part myself_, _and so + present at once a fair review of the work_, _and a lively specimen of + our friend's vein of eloquence in exordio_. + + _But_, _behold_! _he will not allow any tampering_ . . . . _I now + write to condole with you_; _for I am very sensible_, _after all_, + _that you run a great risk in having your book committed to hands far + less competent for treating it or any other book of Spanish interest + than Borrow's would have been_ . . ._ and I consider that_, _after + all_, _in the case of a new author_, _it is the first duty of the_ + "_Quarterly Review_" _to introduce that author fully and fairly to + the public_. + + _Ever Yours Truly_, + _J. G. Lockhart_. + + "Our author pictures Gibraltar as a human entity thus addressing + Spain: + + _Accursed land_! _I hate thee_, _and far from being a defence_, + _will invariably prove a thorn in thy side_. + + And so on through many sentences of excited rhetoric. Borrow forgot + while he wrote that he had a book to review--a book, moreover, issued + by the publishing house which issued the periodical in which his + review was to appear."--[_George Borrow and his Circle_, 1913, p. + 257]. + +In 1913 Borrow's _Review_ was reprinted in the following Pamphlet: + +_A_ / _Supplementary Chapter_ / _to_ / _The Bible in Spain_ / _Inspired +by_ / _Ford's_ "_Handbook for Travellers in Spain_." / _By_ / _George +Borrow_ / _London_: / _Printed for Private Circulation_ / 1913.--Square +demy 8vo, pp. 46. [See _post_, No. 10.] + + [Picture: Printed extract from the Review with hand-written notes] + + [Picture: Title page of Supplementary Chapter to The Bible in Spain, + 1913] + + + +(10) [A SUPPLEMENTARY CHAPTER TO "THE BIBLE IN SPAIN": 1913] + + +A / Supplementary Chapter / to / The Bible in Spain / Inspired by / +Ford's "Handbook for Travellers in Spain." / By / George Borrow / London: +/ Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 46; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Frontispiece (with blank recto) pp. 3-4; +Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. 5-6; _Prefatory Note_ +(signed '_T. J. W._') pp. 7-10; and text of the _Chapter pp._ 11-46. +There are head-lines throughout, each verso being headed _A Supplementary +Chapter_, and each recto _To the Bible in Spain_. Following p. 46 is a +leaf, with blank recto, and with the following imprint upon the reverse, +"_London_: / _Printed for Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N. W._ / +_Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." The signatures are A to C (3 +sheets, each 8 leaves), inset within each other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.75 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + +The Frontispiece consists of a greatly reduced facsimile of the last +page, bearing Borrow's corrections, of the original edition of his +_Review of Ford's_ '_Hand-Book_.' + +This _Supplementary Chapter to_ "_The Bible in Spain_" is a reprint of +the Review of Ford's _Hand-book for Travellers in Spain_ written by +Borrow in 1845 for insertion in _The Quarterly Review_, but withdrawn by +him in consequence of the proposal made by the Editor, John Gibson +Lockhart, that he should himself introduce into Borrow's Essay a series +of extracts from the _Handbook_. [See _ante_, No. 9.] + +Included in the _Prefatory Note_ is the following amusing squib, written +by Borrow in 1845, but never printed by him. I chanced to light upon the +Manuscript in a packet of his still unpublished verse: + + _Would it not be more dignified_ + _To run up debts on every side_, + _And then to pay your debts refuse_, + _Than write for rascally Reviews_? + _And lectures give to great and small_, + _In pot-house_, _theatre_, _and town-hall_, + _Wearing your brains by night and day_ + _To win the means to pay your way_? + _I vow by him who reigns in_ [_hell_], + _It would be more respectable_! + +There is a copy of _A Supplementary Chapter to_ "_The Bible in Spain_" in +the Library of the British Museum. The press-mark is C. 57. d. 19 (2). + + [Picture: Manuscript of verse on reviewing] + + + +(11) [LAVENGRO: 1851] + + +Lavengro; / The Scholar--The Gypsy--The Priest. / By George Borrow, / +Author of "The Bible in Spain," and "The Gypsies of Spain" / In Three +Volumes.--Vol. I. [_Vol. II._, _&c._] / London: / John Murray, Albemarle +Street. / 1851. + + _Vol. I_. + +Collation:--Large duodecimo, pp. xviii {85} + 360; consisting of: +Half-title (with imprint "_London_: / _George Woodfall and Son_, / _Angel +Court_, _Skinner Street_" upon the centre of the reverse). Pp. i-ii; +Title-page, as above (with Advertisements of _The Bible in Spain_ and +_The Zincali_ upon the reverse) pp. iii-iv; _Preface_ pp. v-xii; and Text +pp. 1-360. At the foot of p. 360 the imprint is repeated thus, "_G. +Woodfall and Son_, _Printers_, _Angel Court_, _Skinner Street_, +_London_." There are head-lines throughout, each page being headed with +the number of the chapter, together with the title of the individual +subject occupying it. The signatures are A (nine leaves, a single leaf +being inserted between A 6 and A 7), and B to Q (fifteen sheets, each 12 +leaves). + + A Portrait of Borrow, engraved by W. Holl from a painting by H. W. +Phillips, serves as Frontispiece. + + _Vol. II_. + +Collation:--Large duodecimo, pp. xii + 366; consisting of: Half-title +(with imprint "_London_: / _George Woodfall and Son_, / _Angel Court_, +_Skinner Street_" upon the centre of the reverse) pp. i-ii; Title-page, +as above (with Advertisements of _The Bible in Spain_ and _The Zincali_ +upon the reverse) pp. iii-iv; _Contents_ of Vol. II pp. v-xi; p. xii is +blank; and Text pp. 1-366. At the foot of p. 366 the imprint is repeated +thus, "_G. Woodfall and Son_, _Printers_, _Angel Court_, _Skinner +Street_, _London_." There are head-lines throughout, as in the first +volume. The signatures are _a_ (2 leaves), _b_ (4 leaves), B to Q +(fifteen sheets, each 12 leaves), plus R (3 leaves). + + _Vol. III_. + +Collation:--Large duodecimo, pp. xii + 426; consisting of: Half-title +(with imprint "_London_: / _George Woodfall and Son_, / _Angel Court_, +_Skinner Street_" upon the centre of the reverse) pp. i-ii; Title-page, +as above (with Advertisements of _The Bible in Spain_ and _The Zincali_ +upon the reverse) pp. iii-iv; _Contents_ of Vol. III pp. v-xi; p. xii is +blank; and Text pp. 1-426. At the foot of p. 426 the imprint is repeated +thus, "_G. Woodfall and Son_, _Printers_, _Angel Court_, _Skinner +Street_, _London_." There are head-lines throughout, as in the first +volume. The signatures are _a_ (2 leaves), _b_ (4 leaves), B to S +(seventeen sheets, each 12 leaves), T (6 leaves), and U (3 leaves). + +Issued in dark blue cloth boards, with white paper back-labels, lettered +"_Lavengro_; / _the_ / _Scholar_, / _the Gypsy_, / _and_ / _the Priest_. +/ _By George Borrow_ / _Vol. i_. [_Vol. ii_., _&c._]" The leaves measure +7.75 x 4.875 inches. The edition consisted of 3,000 Copies. The +published price was 30_s._ + +A Second Edition (miscalled _Third Edition_) was issued in 1872; a Third +(miscalled _Fourth_) in 1888; and a Fourth (miscalled _Fifth_) in 1896. +To the edition of 1872 was prefixed a new _Preface_, in which Borrow +replied to his critics in a somewhat angry and irritable manner. Copies +of the First Edition of _Lavengro_ are to be met with, the three volumes +bound in one, in original publishers' cloth, bearing the name of the firm +of Chapman and Hall upon the back. These copies are 'remainders.' They +were made up in 1870. It is by no means unlikely that in 1872 some +confusion prevailed as to the nature of this subsidiary issue, and that +it was mistaken for a Second Edition of the book. If so the incorrect +numbering of the edition of that date, the actual Second Edition, may be +readily accounted for. + +An important edition of _Lavengro_ is: + +_Lavengro_ / _By George Borrow_ / _A New Edition_ / _Containing the +unaltered Text of the Original Issue_; / _some Suppressed Passages now +printed for the_ / _first time_; _MS. Variorum_, _Vocabulary and Notes_ / +_By the Author of_ / _The Life of George Borrow_ / _London_ / _John +Murray_, _Albemarle Street_ / 1900.--Crown 8vo, pp. xxviii + 569. + +The book was reprinted in 1911. The Editor was Dr. William Knapp. + +An edition of _Lavengro_, with a valuable Introduction by Mr. Theodore +Watts-Dunton, was published by Messrs. Ward, Lock & Co., in 1893. The +work is also included in _Everyman's Library_, and in other series of +popular reprints. + +When put to press in February, 1849, the first volume of _Lavengro_ was +set up with the title-page reading as follows:-- + +_Life_, _A Drama_. / _By_ / _George Borrow_, _Esq._, / _Author of_ "_The +Bible in Spain_," _etc._ / _In Three Volumes_. / _Vol. i_. / _London_: / +_John Murray_, _Albemarle Street_. / 1849. + +Only two examples of the volume with this interesting early title-page +are known to have survived. One of these is now in the possession of the +Hispanic Society, of New York. The other is the property of Mr. Otto +Kyllmann. + +Later in the same year Murray advertised the work under the following +title:-- + +_Lavengro_, _An Autobiography_. _By George Borrow_, _Esq._, _&c._ + +The same title was employed in the advertisements of 1850. + +Mr. Clement Shorter possesses the original draft of the first portion of +_Lavengro_. In this draft the title-page appears in its earliest form, +and describes the book as _Some Account of the Life_, _Pursuits_, _and +Adventures of a Norfolk Man_. A facsimile of this tentative title was +given by Mr. Shorter in _George Borrow and his Circle_, 1913, p. 280. + + "Borrow took many years to write _Lavengro_. 'I am writing the + work,' he told Dawson Turner, 'in precisely the same manner as _The + Bible in Spain_, viz. on blank sheets of old account-books, backs of + letters,' &c., and he recalls Mahomet writing the Koran on mutton + bones as an analogy to his own 'slovenliness of manuscript.' I have + had plenty of opportunity of testing this slovenliness in the + collection of manuscripts of portions of _Lavengro_ that have come + into my possession. These are written upon pieces of paper of all + shapes and sizes, although at least a third of the book in Borrow's + very neat handwriting is contained in a leather notebook. The + title-page demonstrates the earliest form of Borrow's conception. + Not only did he then contemplate an undisguised autobiography, but + even described himself as 'a Norfolk man.' Before the book was + finished, however, he repudiated the autobiographical note, and we + find him fiercely denouncing his critics for coming to such a + conclusion. 'The writer,' he declares, 'never said it was an + autobiography; never authorised any person to say it was one.' Which + was doubtless true, in a measure."--[_George Borrow and his Circle_, + 1913, pp. 279-281]. + +There is a copy of the First Edition of _Lavengro_ in the Library of the +British Museum. The Press-mark is 12622. f. 7. + + + +(12.) [THE ROMANY RYE: 1857] + + +The / Romany Rye; / A Sequel to "Lavengro." / By George Borrow, / Author +of / "The Bible in Spain," "The Gypsies of Spain," etc. / "_Fear God_, +_and take your own part_." / In Two Volumes.--Vol. I. [_Vol. II._] / +London: John Murray, Albemarle Street. / 1857. / [The Right of +Translation is reserved.] + + _Vol. I_. + +Collation:--Large duodecimo, pp. xii + 372; consisting of: Half-title +(with blank reverse) pp. i-ii; Title-page, as above (with imprint +"_London_: _Woodfall and Kinder_, _Printers_, / _Angel Court_, _Skinner +Street_" at the foot of the reverse) pp. iii-iv; Preface (styled +_Advertisement_) pp. v-vi; Table of _Contents_ pp. vii-xi; Extract from +_Pleasantries of the Cogia Nasr Eddin Efendi_ p. xii; and Text pp. 1-372. +The head-line is _The Romany Rye_ throughout, upon both sides of the +page; each page also bears at its head the number of the particular +Chapter occupying it. At the foot of p. 372 the imprint is repeated +thus, "_Woodfall and Kinder_, _Printers_, _Angel Court_, _Skinner +Street_, _London_." The signatures are A (a half-sheet of 6 leaves), B +to Q (15 sheets, each 12 leaves), plus R (a half-sheet of 6 leaves). + + _Vol. II_. + +Collation:--Large duodecimo, pp. viii + 375 + ix; consisting of: +Half-title (with blank reverse) pp. i-ii; Title-page, as above (with +imprint "_London_: _Woodfall and Kinder_, _Printers_, / _Angel Court_, +_Skinner Street_" at the foot of the reverse) pp. iii-iv; Table of +_Contents_ pp. v-vii; p. viii is blank; and Text pp. 1-375. The reverse +of p. 375 is blank. The volume is completed by eight unnumbered pages of +Advertisements of _Works by the Author of_ "_The Bible in Spain_" _ready +for the Press_. There are head-lines throughout; up to, and including, +p. 244 the head-line is _The Romany Rye_, together with the numbers of +the Chapters, pp. 245-375 are headed _Appendix_, accompanied by the +numbers of the Chapters. At the foot of the last of the eight unnumbered +pages carrying the Advertisements (Sig. R 12 verso) the imprint is +repeated thus, "_Woodfall and Kinder_, _Printers_, _Angel Court_, +_Skinner Street_, _London_." The signatures are A (four leaves), plus B +to R (16 sheets, each 12 leaves). + +Issued (on _April_ 30_th_, 1857) in dark blue cloth boards, with white +paper back-labels, lettered "_The_ / _Romany Rye_. / _By_ / _George +Borrow_. / _Vol. I_. [_Vol. II_.]" The leaves measure 7.875 x 5 inches. + +Of the First Edition of _The Romany Rye_ One Thousand Copies were +printed. The published price was 21_s._ A Second Edition was published +in 1858, a Third in 1872, a Fourth in 1888, and a Fifth in 1896. The +book is included in _Everyman's Library_, and in other series of popular +reprints. + +The series of Advertisements of _Works_ by Borrow, announced as "Ready +for the Press," which occupy the last eight pages of the second volume of +_The Romany Rye_ are of especial interest. No less than twelve distinct +works are included in these advertisements. Of these twelve _The Bible +in Spain_ was already in the hands of the public, _Wild Wales_ duly +appeared in 1862, and _The Sleeping Bard_ in 1860. These three were all +that Borrow lived to see in print. Two others, _The Turkish Jester_ and +_The Death of Balder_, were published posthumously in 1884 and 1889 +respectively; but the remaining seven, _Celtic Bards_, _Chiefs_, _and +Kings_, _Songs of Europe_, _Koempe Viser_, _Penquite and Pentyre_, +_Russian Popular Tales_, _Northern Skalds_, _Kings_, _and Earls_, and +_Bayr Jairgey and Glion Doo_: _The Red Path and the Black Valley_, were +never destined to see the light. However, practically the whole of the +verse prepared for them was included in the series of Pamphlets which +have been printed for private circulation during the past twelve months. + +As was the case with _Lavengro_, Borrow delayed the completion of _The +Romany Rye_ to an extent that much disconcerted his publisher, John +Murray. The correspondence which passed between author and publisher is +given at some length by Dr. Knapp, in whose pages the whole question is +fully discussed. + +Mr. Shorter presents the matter clearly and fairly in the paragraphs he +devotes to the subject: + + "The most distinctly English book--at least in a certain absence of + cosmopolitanism--that Victorian literature produced was to a great + extent written on scraps of paper during a prolonged Continental tour + which included Constantinople and Budapest. In _Lavengro_ we have + only half a book, the whole work, which included what came to be + published as _The Romany Rye_, having been intended to appear in four + volumes. The first volume was written in 1843, the second in 1845, + and the third volume in the years between 1845 and 1848. Then in + 1852 Borrow wrote out an advertisement of a fourth volume, which runs + as follows: + + _Shortly will be published in one volume_. _Price_ 10_s._ _The + Rommany Rye_, _Being the fourth volume of Lavengro_. _By George + Borrow_, _author of The Bible in Spain_. + + But this volume did not make an appearance 'shortly.' Its author was + far too much offended with the critics, too disheartened it may be, + to care to offer himself again for their gibes. The years rolled on, + and not until 1857 did _The Romany Rye_ appear. The book was now in + two volumes, and we see that the word _Romany_ had dropped an _m_. . + . . + + The incidents of _Lavengro_ are supposed to have taken place between + the 24_th_ of _May_ 1825, and the 18_th of July_ of that year. In + _The Romany Rye_ the incidents apparently occur between the 19_th_ of + _July_ and the 3_rd_ of _August_ 1825. In the opinion of Mr. John + Sampson, the whole of the episodes in the five volumes occurred in + seventy-two days."--[_George Borrow and his Circle_, 1913, pp. + 341-343.] + +A useful edition of _The Romany Rye_ is: + +_The Romany Rye_ / _A Sequel to_ "_Lavengro_" / _By George Borrow_ / _A +New Edition_ / _Containing the unaltered text of the Original_ / _Issue_, +_with Notes_, _etc._, _by the Author of_ / "_The Life of George Borrow_" +/ _London_ / _John Murray_, _Albemarle Street_ / 1900.--Crown 8vo. pp. +xvi + 403. + +The book was edited by Dr. William Knapp. + +There is a copy of the First Edition of _The Romany Rye_ in the Library +of the British Museum. The Press-mark is 12622. f. 8. + + + +(13) [THE SLEEPING BARD: 1860] + + +The Sleeping Bard; / Or / Visions of the World, Death, and Hell, / By / +Elis Wyn. / Translated from the Cambrian British / By / George Borrow, / +Author of/ "The Bible in Spain," "The Gypsies of Spain," etc. / London: / +John Murray, Albemarle Street. / 1860. + +Collation:--Crown octavo, pp. x + 128; consisting of: Title-page, as +above (with blank reverse) pp. i-ii; _Preface_ pp. iii-vii; p. viii is +blank; Fly-title to _A Vision of the Course of the World_ (with blank +reverse) pp. ix-x; and Text of the three _Visions_ pp. 1-128. There are +head-lines throughout, each double-page being headed with the title of +the particular _Vision_ occupying it. _A Vision of Hell_ is preceded by +a separate Fly-title (pp. 67-68) with blank reverse. At the foot of p. +128 is the following imprint, "_James M. Denew_, _Printer_, 72, _Hall +Plain_, _Great Yarmouth_." The sheets carry no register. The book was +issued without any Half-title. In some copies the Christian name of the +printer is misprinted _Jamms_. + +Issued (in _June_, 1860) in magenta coloured cloth boards, lettered in +gold along the back, "_The Sleeping Bard_," and "_London_ / _John +Murray_" across the foot. The published price was 5_s._; 250 copies were +printed. Murray's connection with the work was nominal. The book was +actually issued at Yarmouth by J. M. Denew, the printer by whom it was +produced. The cost was borne by the author himself, to whom the majority +of the copies were ultimately delivered. + +Some few copies of _The Sleeping Bard_ would appear to have been put up +in yellowish-brown plain paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges. One such +example is in the possession of Mr. Paul Lemperley, of Cleveland, Ohio; a +second is in the library of Mr. Clement Shorter. The leaves of both +these copies measure 8.75 x 5.75 inches. The leaves of ordinary copies +in cloth measure 7.5 x 4.75 inches. The translation was made in 1830. + +The text of _The Sleeping Bard_ is divided into three sections. Each of +these sections closes with a poem of some length, as follows:-- + + PAGE + +1. The Perishing World. [_O man_, _upon this building 38 +gaze_] + +2. Death the Great. [_Leave land and house we must some 63 +day_] + +In the printed text the seventh stanza of _Death the +Great_ reads thus: + + _The song and dance afford_, _I ween_, + _Relief from spleen_, _and sorrows grave_; + _How very strange there is no dance_, + _Nor tune of France_, _from Death can save_! + +About the year 1871 Borrow re-wrote this stanza, as +follows: + + _The song and dance can drive_, _they say_, + _The spleen away_, _and humour's grave_; + _Why hast thou not devised_, _O France_! + _Some tune and dance_, _from Death to save_? + +As was invariably the case with Borrow, his revision was +a vast improvement upon the original version. + +3. The Heavy Heart. [_Heavy's the heart with wandering 124 +below_] + +The Manuscript of _The Sleeping Bard_ was formerly in the +possession of Dr. Knapp. It is now the property of the +Hispanic Society, of New York. It extends to 74 pages +4to. + +There is a copy of the First Edition of _The Sleeping Bard_ in the +Library of the British Museum. The Press-mark is 12355. c. 17. + + + +(14) [WILD WALES: 1862] + + +Wild Wales: / Its People, Language, and Scenery. / By George Borrow, / +Author of "The Bible in Spain," etc. / "_Their Lord they shall praise_, / +_Their language they shall keep_, / _Their land they shall lose_, / +_Except Wild Wales_." / Taliesin: Destiny of the Britons. / In Three +Volumes.--Vol. I. [_Vol. II_, _&c._] / London: / John Murray, Albemarle +Street. / 1862. / The right of Translation is reserved. + + Vol. I. + +Collation:--Large duodecimo, pp. xii + 410; consisting of: Half-title +(with advertisements of five of Borrow's _Works_ upon the reverse) pp. +i-ii; Title-page, as above (with imprint "_London_: / _Printed by +Woodfall and Kinder_, / _Angel Court_, _Skinner Street_" upon the centre +of the reverse) pp. iii-iv; Notice regarding the previous appearance of a +portion of the work in _The Quarterly Review_ (with blank reverse) pp. +v-vi; _Contents of Vol. I_ pp. vii-xi; p. xii is blank; and Text pp. +1-410. There are head-lines throughout, each verso being headed _Wild +Wales_, whilst each recto is headed with the title of the particular +subject occupying it. At the foot of p. 410 the imprint is repeated +thus: "_Woodfall and Kinder_, _Printers_, _Angel Court_, _Skinner +Street_, _London_." The signatures are A (a half-sheet of 6 leaves), B +to S (17 sheets, each 12 leaves), plus T (2 leaves). The second leaf of +Sig. T is a blank. + + Vol. II. + +Collation:--Large duodecimo, pp. viii + 413; consisting of: Title-page, +as above (with imprint "_London_: / _Printed by Woodfall and Kinder_, / +_Angel Court_, _Skinner Street_" upon the centre of the reverse) pp. +i-ii; _Contents of Vol. II_ pp. v-vii; p. viii is blank; and Text pp. +1-413. The reverse of p. 413 is blank. There are head-lines throughout, +as in the first volume. At the foot of p. 413 the imprint is repeated +thus, "_Woodfall and Kinder_, _Printers_, _Angel Court_, _Skinner +Street_, _London_." The signatures are A (4 leaves), B to S (17 sheets, +each 12 leaves), plus T (4 leaves). The last leaf of Sig. T is a blank. +The volume was issued without any Half-title. + + Vol. III. + +Collation:--Large duodecimo, pp. viii + 474; consisting of: Title-page, +as above (with imprint "_London_: / _Printed by Woodfall and Kinder_, / +_Angel Court_, _Skinner Street_" upon the centre of the reverse) pp. +i-ii; _Contents of Vol. III_ pp. iii-viii; and Text pp. 1-474. There are +head-lines throughout, as in the first volume. At the foot of p. 474 the +imprint is repeated thus, "_Woodfall and Kinder_, _Printers_, _Angel +Court_, _Skinner Street_, _London_." The signatures are A (8 leaves), B +to U (18 sheets, each 12 leaves), plus X (10 leaves). The last leaf of +Sig. H is a blank. The volume was issued without any Half-title. + +Issued (in _December_, 1862) in dark green cloth boards, with white paper +back-label, lettered "_Wild Wales_. / _By_ / _George Borrow_. / _Vol. I_ +[Vol. ii, &c.]." The leaves measure 7.625 x 4.875 inches. The published +price was 30_s._; 1,000 copies were printed. + +A Second Edition of _Wild Wales_ was issued in 1865, a Third Edition in +1888, and a Fourth Edition in 1896. The book has since been included in +divers series of non-copyright works. + +The following Poems made their first appearance in the pages of _Wild +Wales_: + + VOL. I + + PAGE + +CHESTER ALE. [_Chester ale_, _Chester ale_! _I could 18 +ne'er get it down_] + +Another, widely different, version of these lines exist +in manuscript. It reads as follows: + + _On the Ale of Chester_. + + _Of Chester the ale has but sorry renown_, + '_Tis made of ground-ivy_, _of dust_, _and of + bran_; + '_Tis as thick as a river belough a hugh town_, + '_Tis not lap for a dog_, _far less drink for a + man_. + +SAXONS AND BRITONS. [_A serpent which coils_] 48 + +Previously printed in _The Quarterly Review_, _January_ +1861, p. 42. + +TRANSLATION OF A WELSH ENGLYN UPON DINAS BRAN. [_Gone_, 61 +_gone are thy gates_, _Dinas Bran on the height_!] + +LINES FOUND ON THE TOMB OF MADOC. [_Here after sailing 105 +far I Madoc lie_] + +THE LASSIES OF COUNTY MERION. [_Full fair the gleisiad 153 +in the flood_] + +This was one stanza only, the fifth, of the complete poem +_The Cookoo's Song in Merion_, which Borrow translated +some years later, and which was first printed in +_Ermeline_, 1913, pp. 21-23. The text of the two +versions of this stanza differ considerably. + +STANZA ON THE STONE OF JANE WILLIAMS. [_Though thou art 161 +gone to dwelling cold_] + +THE MIST. [_O ho_! _thou villain mist_, _O ho_!] 173 + +Although Borrow translated the whole poem, he omitted 24 +lines (the 14 opening and 10 closing lines) when printing +it in _Wild Wales_. Here are the missing lines, which I +give from the original Manuscript: + + _A tryste with Morfydd true I made_, + '_Twas not the first_,_ in greenwood glade_, + _In hope to make her flee with me_; + _But useless all_, _as you will see_. + + _I went betimes_, _lest she should grieve_, + _Then came a mist at close of eve_; + _Wide o'er the path by which I passed_, + _Its mantle dim and murk it cast_. + _That mist ascending met the sky_, + _Forcing the daylight from my eye_. + _I scarce had strayed a furlong's space_ + _When of all things I lost the trace_. + _Where was the grove and waving grain_? + _Where was the mountain hill and main_? + + * * * * * + + _Before me all affright and fear_, + _Above me darkness dense and drear_, + _My way at length I weary found_, + _Into a swaggy willow ground_, + _Where staring in each nook there stood_ + _Of wry mouthed elves a wrathful brood_. + + _Full oft I sank in that false soil_, + _My legs were lamed with length of toil_. + _However hard the case may be_ + _No meetings more in mist for me_. + +Two of the above lines, somewhat differently worded, were +given in _Wild Wales_, Vol. i, p. 184. + +LINES DESCRIPTIVE OF THE EAGERNESS OF A SOUL TO REACH 251 +PARADISE. [_Now to my rest I hurry away_] + +FILICAIA'S SONNET ON ITALY. [_O Italy_! _on whom dark 290 +Destiny_] + +TRANSLATION OF AN ENGLYN FORETELLING TRAVELLING BY STEAM. 341 +[_I got up in Mona_, _as soon as_ '_twas light_] + +TRANSLATION OF A WELSH STANZA ABOUT SNOWDON. [_Easy to 360 +say_ '_Behold Eryri_'] + +STANZAS ON THE SNOW OF SNOWDON. [_Cold is the snow on 365 +Snowdon's brow_] + + VOL. II + +LINES FROM BLACK ROBIN'S ODE IN PRAISE OF ANGLESEY. 33 +[_Twelve sober men the muses woo_] + +LINES ON A SPRING. [_The wild wine of Nature_] 112 + +THINGS WRITTEN IN A GARDEN. [_In a garden the first of 158 +our race was deceived_] + +EL PUNTO DE LA VANA. [_Never trust the sample when you 215 +go your cloth to buy_] + +LLANGOLLEN'S ALE. [_Llangollen's brown ale is with malt 275 +and hop rife_] + +POVERTY AND RICHES. AN INTERLUDE. [_O Riches_, _thy 328 +figure is charming and bright_] + +A reduced facsimile of the first page of the Manuscript +of this _Interlude_ is given herewith, facing page 99. + +AN ODE TO SYCHARK. BY IOLO GOCH. [_Twice have I pledged 392 +my word to thee_] + + VOL. III + +TRANSLATION OF A WELSH ENGLYN ON THE RHYADR. [_Foaming 12 +and frothing from mountainous height_] + +ODE TO OWEN GLENDOWER. [_Here's the life I've sigh'd for 98 +long_] + +ODE TO A YEW TREE. [_Thou noble tree_; _who shelt'rest 203 +kind_] + +LINES. [_From high Plynlimmon's shaggy side_] 219 + +ODE TO A YEW TREE. [_O tree of yew_, _which here I spy_] 247 + +This is another, and extended, version of the _Ode_ +printed on p. 203 of _Wild Wales_. Yet another version, +differing from both, is printed in _Alf the Freebooter +and Other Ballads_, 1913, p. 27. + +LINES FROM ODE TO THE PLOUGHMAN, BY IOLO GOCH. [_The 292 +mighty Hu who lives for ever_] + +Previously printed, with some verbal differences, in _The +Quarterly Review_, _January_ 1861, p. 40. + +LINES ON A TOMB-STONE. [_Thou earth from earth reflect 301 +with anxious mind_] + +ODE TO GRIFFITH AP NICHOLAS. [_Griffith ap Nicholas_, 327 +_who like thee_] + +The first six lines of this Ode had previously appeared +in _The Quarterly Review_, _January_ 1861, p. 50. + +GOD'S BETTER THAN ALL. [_God's better than heaven or 335 +aught therein_] + +A reduced facsimile of the first page of the Manuscript +of _God's Better than All_ will be found facing the +present page. + +AB GWILYM'S ODE TO THE SUN AND GLAMORGAN. [_Each morn_, 377 +_benign of countenance_] + +There is a copy of the First Edition of _Wild Wales_ in the Library of +the British Museum. The Press-mark is 10369. e. 12. + + [Picture: Manuscript of Poverty and Riches] + + [Picture: Manuscript of God's Better than all] + + + +(15) [ROMANO LAVO-LIL: 1874] + + +Romano Lavo-Lil: / Word-Book of the Romany; / or, / English Gypsy +Language. / With many pieces in Gypsy, illustrative of the way of / +Speaking and Thinking of the English Gypsies; / with Specimens of their +Poetry, and an account of certain Gypsyries / or Places Inhabited by +them, and of various things / relating to Gypsy Life in England. / By +George Borrow, / Author of "Lavengro," "The Romany Rye," "The Gypsies of +Spain," / "The Bible in Spain," etc. / "_Can you rokra Romany_? / _Can +you play the bosh_? / _Can you jal adrey the staripen_? / _Can you chin +the cost_?" / "_Can you speak the Roman tongue_? / _Can you play the +fiddle_? / _Can you eat the prison-loaf_? / _Can you cut and whittle_? / +London: / John Murray, Albemarle Street. / 1874. + +Collation:--Crown octavo, pp. viii + 331; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. i-ii; Title-page, as above (with imprint "_London_: / +_Printed by William Clowes and Sons_, / _Stamford Street and Charing +Cross_" upon the centre of the reverse) pp. iii-iv; Prefatory Note +regarding the _Vocabulary_ p. v; Advertisements of five _Works of George +Borrow_ p. vi; Table of _Contents_ pp. vii-viii; and Text pp. 1-331, +including Fly-titles (each with blank reverse) to each section of the +book. The reverse of p. 331 is blank. At the foot of p. 331 the imprint +is repeated thus, "_London_: _Printed by Wm. Clowes and Sons_, _Stamford +Street_ / _and Charing Cross_." There are head-lines throughout, each +page being headed with the title of the particular subject occupying it. +The signatures, are A (a half-sheet of 4 leaves), B to X (20 sheets, each +8 leaves), Y (a half-sheet of 4 leaves), and Z (a quarter-sheet of 2 +leaves). + +Issued in dark blue cloth boards, with white paper back-label, lettered +"_Romano Lavo-Lil_; / _Word-Book_ / _of_ / _The Romany_. / _By_ / _George +Borrow_." The leaves measure 7.75 x 4.875 inches. The published price +was 10_s._ 6_d._ + +One Thousand Copies were printed. + +The book was set up in type towards the end of 1873, and published early +in 1874. Proof-sheets still exist bearing the earlier date upon the +title-page. + +A considerable amount of Verse by Borrow made its first appearance in the +pages of _Romano Lavo-Lil_, as detailed in the following list: + + _Contents_ + + PAGE + +LITTLE SAYINGS: + +1. [ _Whatever ignorance men may show_] 109 + +2. [_What must I do_, _mother_, _to make you well_?] 111 + +3. [_I would rather hear him speak than hear Lally 115 +sing_] + +ENGLISH GYPSY SONGS: + +1. The Gypsy Meeting. [_Who's your mother_, _who's your 175 +father_?] + +2. Making a Fortune (1). [_Come along_, _my little 177 +gypsy girl_] + +3. Making a Fortune (2). [_Come along_, _my little 179 +gypsy girl_] + +THE TWO GYPSIES. [_Two gypsy lads were transported_] 181 + +MY ROMAN LASS. [_As I to the town was going one day_] 183 + +This is the first stanza only of _The English Gypsy_. +The complete Song will be found in _Marsk Stig's +Daughters and Other_ _Songs and Ballads_, 1913, pp. +14-15. Here is the concluding stanza, omitted in _Romano +Lavo-Lil_: + + _As I to the town was going one day_, + _I met a young Roman upon the way_. + _Said he_, "_Young maid will you share my lot_?" + _Said I_, "_Another wife you've got_." + "_No_, _no_!" _the handsome young Roman cried_, + "_No wife have I in the world so wide_; + _And you my wedded wife shall be_, + _If you will share my lot with me_." + +YES, MY GIRL. [_If to me you prove untrue_] 185 + +THE YOUTHFUL EARL. [_Said the youthful earl to the Gypsy 185 +girl_] + +LOVE SONG. [_I'd choose as pillows for my head_] 187 + +WOE IS ME. [_I'm sailing across the water_] 189 + +THE SQUIRE AND LADY. [_The squire he roams the good 191 +greenwood_] + +GYPSY LULLABY. [_Sleep thee_, _little tawny boy_!] 193 + +OUR BLESSED QUEEN. [_Coaches fine in London_] 195 + +RUN FOR IT. [_Up_, _up_, _brothers_!] 195 + +This is the first stanza only of the _Gypsy Song_, +printed complete in _Marsk Stig's Daughters and other +Songs and Ballads_, 1913, p. 16. + +THE ROMANY SONGSTRESS. [_Her temples they are aching_] 199 + +THE FRIAR. [_A Friar Was preaching once with zeal and 201 +with fire_] + +The Manuscript of these amusing verses, which were +translated by Borrow from the dialect of the Spanish +Gypsies, affords some curious variants from the published +text. Here are the lines as they stand in the MS.: + + _A Friar_ + _Was preaching once with zeal and with fire_; + _And a butcher of the plain_ + _Had lost a bonny swine_; + _And the friar did opine_ + _That the Gypsies it had ta'en_. + _So_, _breaking off_, _he shouted_, "_Gypsy ho_! + _Hie home_, _and from the pot_ + _Take the butcher's porker out_, + _The porker good and fat_, + _And in its place throw_ + _A clout_, _a dingy clout_ + _Of thy brat_, _of thy brat_; + _A clout_, _a dingy clout_, + _of thy brat_." + +MALBROUK. FROM THE SPANISH GYPSY VERSION. [_Malbrouk is 205 +gone to the wars_] + +SORROWFUL YEARS. [_The wit and the skill_] 211 + +FORTUNE-TELLING. [_Late rather one morning_] 240 + +THE FORTUNE-TELLER'S SONG. [_Britannia is my name_] 243 + +GYPSY STANZA. [_Can you speak the Roman tongue_?] 254 + +CHARLOTTE COOPER. [_Old Charlotte I am called_] 259 + +EPIGRAM. [_A beautiful face and a black wicked mind_] 262 + +LINES. [_Mickie_, _Huwie and Larry bold_] 272 + +LINES. [_What care we_, _though we be so small_?] 280 + +RYLEY BOSVIL. [_The Gorgios seek to hang me_] 296 + +RYLEY AND THE GYPSY. [_Methinks I see a brother_] 298 + +TO YOCKY SHURI. [_Beneath the bright sun_, _there is 301 +none_, _there is none_] + +LINES. [_Roman lads Before the door_] 325 + +Upon page 122 of _Romano Lavo-Lil_, is printed a version of _The Lord's +Prayer_ cast into Romany by Borrow. The original Manuscript of this +translation has survived, and its text presents some curious variations +from the published version. A reduced facsimile of this Manuscript +serves as Frontispiece to the present Bibliography. + +Accompanying the Manuscript of _The Lord's Prayer_ in Romany, is the +Manuscript of a translation made by Borrow into the dialect of the +English Gypsies. This translation has never, so far as I am aware, +appeared in print. It is an interesting document, and well worthy of +preservation. A reduced facsimile of it will be found facing the present +page. + + [Picture: Manuscript of The Lord's Prayer] + +A Second Edition of _Romano Lavo-Lil_ was issued by the same publisher, +John Murray, in 1888, and a Third in 1905. + +There is a copy of the First Edition of _Romano Lavo-Lil_ in the Library +of the British Museum. The Press-mark is 2278. c. 15. + + + +(16) [THE TURKISH JESTER: 1884] + + +The Turkish Jester; / Or, / The Pleasantries / of / Cogia Nasr Eddin +Effendi. / Translated from the Turkish / By / George Borrow. / Ipswich: / +W. Webber, Dial Lane. / 1884. + +Collation:--Crown octavo, printed in half-sheets, pp. ii + 52; consisting +of: Title-page, as above (with Certificate of Issue upon the centre of +the reverse) pp. i-ii; and Text pp. 1-52. There are no head-lines, the +pages being numbered centrally. The book is made up in a somewhat +unusual manner, each half-sheet having a separately printed quarter-sheet +of two leaves imposed within it. The register is therefore B to E (four +sections, each 6 leaves), plus F (2 leaves), the whole preceded by two +leaves, one of which is blank, whilst the other carries the Title-page. +There is no printer's imprint. The book was issued without any +Half-title. The title is enclosed within a single rectangular ruled +frame. + +Issued in cream-coloured paper wrappers, with the title-page reproduced +upon the front, but reset in types of different character, and without +the ruled frame, and with the imprint reading _High Street_ in place of +_Dial Lane_. Inside the front cover the Certificate of Issue is +repeated. The leaves measure 7.75 x 5 inches. The edition consisted of +One Hundred and Fifty Copies. The published price was 7_s._ 6_d._ + +The Manuscript of _The Turkish Jester_ was formerly owned by Dr. Knapp, +and is now the property of the Hispanic Society, of New York. It extends +to 71 pages 4to. The translation was probably made about 1854, at the +time when Borrow was at work upon his _Songs of Europe_. In 1857, the +book was included among the Advertisements appended to the second volume +of _The Romany Rye_. + +There is a copy of the First Edition of _The Turkish Jester_ in the +Library of the British Museum. The Press-mark is 758. b. 16. + + + +(17) [THE DEATH OF BALDER: 1889] + + +The / Death of Balder / From the Danish / of / Johannes Ewald / (1773) / +Translated by / George Borrow / Author of "Bible in Spain," "Lavengro," +"Wild Wales," etc. / London / Jarrold & Sons, 3 Paternoster Buildings, +E.C. / 1889 / All Rights Reserved. + +Collation:--Crown octavo, pp. viii + 77; consisting of: Half-title (with +Certificate of Issue upon the centre of the reverse) pp. i-ii; +Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. iii-iv; _Preface_ and List +of _The Persons_ (each with blank reverse) pp. v-viii; and Text pp. 1-77. +The reverse of p. 77 is blank. The head-line is _Death of Balder_ +throughout, upon both sides of the page. At the foot of p. 77 is the +following imprint, "_Printed by Ballantyne_, _Hanson & Co._ / _London and +Edinburgh_." The signatures are A (4 leaves), and B to F (5 sheets, each +8 leaves). Sig. F 8 is a blank. + +Issued in dark brown 'diced' cloth boards, with white paper back-label. +The leaves measure 7.75 x 5 inches. Two Hundred and Fifty Copies were +printed. The published price was 7_s._ 6_d._ + +_The Death of Balder_ was written in 1829, the year during which Borrow +produced so many of his ballad translations, the year in which he made +his fruitless effort to obtain subscribers for his _Songs of +Scandinavia_. On _December_ 6_th_ of that year he wrote to Dr. +[afterwards Sir] John Bowring: + + "I wish to shew you my translation of _The Death of Balder_, Ewald's + most celebrated production, which, if you approve of, you will + perhaps render me some assistance in bringing forth, for I don't know + many publishers. I think this will be a proper time to introduce it + to the British public, as your account of Danish literature will + doubtless cause a sensation." + +Evidently no publisher was forthcoming, for the work remained in +manuscript until 1889, when, eight years after Borrow's death, Messrs. +Jarrold & Sons gave it to the world. In 1857 Borrow included the Tragedy +among the series of Works advertised as "ready for the Press" at the end +of the second volume of _The Romany Rye_. It was there described as "_A +Heroic Play_." + +Although published only in 1889, _The Death of Balder_ was actually set +up in type three years earlier. It had been intended that the book +should have been issued in London by Messrs. Reeves & Turner, and +proof-sheets exist carrying upon the title-page the name of that firm as +publishers, and bearing the date 1886. It would appear that Mr. W. +Webber, a bookseller of Ipswich, who then owned the Manuscript, had at +first contemplated issuing the book through Messrs. Reeves & Turner. But +at this juncture he entered into the employment of Messrs. Jarrold & +Sons, and consequently the books was finally brought out by that firm. +The types were not reset, but were kept standing during the interval. + +Another version of the song of The Three Valkyrier, which appears in _The +Death of Balder_, pp. 53-54, was printed in _Marsk Stig's Daughters and +Other Songs and Ballads_, 1913, pp. 19-20. The text of the two versions +differs entirely, in addition to which the 1913 version forms one +complete single song, whilst in that of 1889 the lines are divided up +between the several characters. + +The Manuscript of _The Death of Balder_, referred to above, passed into +the hands of Dr. Knapp, and is now in the possession of the Hispanic +Society, of New York. It consists of 97 pages 4to. A transcript in the +handwriting of Mrs. Borrow is also the property of the Society. + +There is a copy of the First Edition of _The Death of Balder_ in the +Library of the British Museum. The Press-mark is 11755. f 9. + + + +(18) [LETTERS TO THE BIBLE SOCIETY: 1911] + + +Letters of / George Borrow / To the British and Foreign / Bible Society / +Published by Direction of the Committee / Edited by / T. H. Darlow / +Hodder and Stoughton / London New York Toronto / 1911. + +Collation:--Octavo, pp. xviii + 471; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. i-ii; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. +iii-iv; Dedication _To Williamson Lamplough_ (with blank reverse) pp. +v-vi; Preface vii-xi; Note regarding "the officials of the Bible Society +with whom Borrow came into close relationship" pp. xi-xii; _List of +Borrow's Letters_, _etc._, _printed in this Volume_ pp. xiii-xvii; +chronological _Outline of Borrow's career_ p. xviii; and Text of the +_Letters_, &c., pp. 1-471. There are head-lines throughout, each verso +being headed _George Borrow's Letters_, and each recto _To the Bible +Society_. Upon the reverse of p. 471 is the following imprint "_Printed +by T. and A. Constable_, _Printers to His Majesty_ / _at the Edinburgh +University Press_." The signatures are _a_ (one sheet of 8 leaves), _b_ +(a quarter-sheet of 2 leaves), A to 2 F (29 sheets, each 8 leaves) plus 2 +G (a half-sheet of 4 leaves). Sig. _a_ 1 is a blank. A facsimile of one +of the Letters included in the volume is inserted as Frontispiece. + +Issued in dark crimson buckram, with paper sides, lettered in gold across +the back, "_Letters of_ / _George_ / _Borrow_ / _To the_ / _Bible +Society_ / _Edited by_ / _T. H. Darlow_ / _Hodder &_ / _Stoughton_." The +leaves measure 8.375 x 5.875 inches. The published price was 7_s._ 6_d._ + + "When Borrow set about preparing _The Bible in Spain_, he obtained + from the Committee of the Bible Society the loan of the letters which + are here published, and introduced considerable portions of them into + that most picturesque and popular of his works. Perhaps one-third of + the contents of the present volume was utilised in this way, being + more or less altered and edited by Borrow for the + purpose."--[_Preface_, pp. ix-x]. + +The holographs of the complete series of Letters included in this volume +are preserved in the archives of the British and Foreign Bible Society. + +There is a copy of _Letters of George Borrow to the British and Foreign +Bible Society_ in the Library of the British Museum. The Press-mark is +010902.e.10. + + + +(19) [LETTERS TO MARY BORROW: 1913] + + +Letters / To his Wife / Mary Borrow / By / George Borrow / London: / +Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Crown octavo, pp. 38; consisting of: Half-title (with blank +reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse), pp. 3-4; and +Text of the _Letters_ pp. 5-38. The head-line is _Letters to His Wife_ +throughout, upon both sides of the page. Following p. 38 is a leaf, with +blank reverse, and with the following imprint upon its recto, "_London_: +/ _Printed for Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to +Thirty Copies_." The signatures are A (a half sheet of 4 leaves), plus B +and C (2 sheets, each 8 leaves), inset within each other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 7.5 x 5 inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + +Holograph Letters by Borrow are extremely uncommon, the number known to +be extant being far less than one might have supposed would be the case, +considering the good age to which Borrow attained. His correspondents +were few, and, save to the officials of the Bible Society, he was not a +diligent letter-writer. The holographs of this series of letters +addressed to his wife are in my own collection of Borroviana. + +The majority of the letters included in this volume were reprinted in +_George Borrow and his Circle_. _By Clement King Shorter_, 8vo, 1913. + +There is a copy of _Letters to his Wife_, _Mary Borrow_, in the Library +of the British Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 32. + + + +(20) [MARSK STIG: 1913] + + +Marsk Stig / A Ballad / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for +Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Crown octavo, pp. 40; consisting of: Half-title (with blank +reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. 3-4; and +Text of the _Ballad_ pp. 5-40. The head-line is _Marsk Stig_ throughout, +upon both sides of the page. At the foot of p. 40 is the following +imprint, "_London_: / _Printed for Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / +_Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." The signatures are A (a half-sheet +of 4 leaves), plus B and C (2 sheets, each 8 leaves), inset within each +other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 7.5 x 5 inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + +_Marsk Stig_ consists of four separate Ballads, or _Songs_ as Borrow +styled them, the whole forming one complete and connected story. The +plot is an old Danish legend of the same character as the history of +David and Bathsheba, Marsk Stig himself being the counterpart of Uriah +the Hittite. + +The four _Songs_ commence as follows:-- + + PAGE + +1. _Marsk Stig he out of the country rode_ 5 +_To win him fame with his good bright sword_ + +2. _Marsk Stig he woke at black midnight_, 15 +_And loudly cried to his Lady dear_ + +3. _There's many I ween in Denmark green_ 23 +_Who all to be masters now desire_ + +4. _There were seven and seven times twenty_ 34 +_That met upon the verdant wold_ + + + +_Marsk Stig_ was one of the ballads prepared by Borrow for _The Songs of +Scandinavia_ in 1829, and revised for the _Koempe Viser_ in 1854. Both +Manuscripts are extant, and I give reproductions of a page of each. It +will be observed that upon the margins of the earlier Manuscript Borrow +wrote his revisions, so that this Manuscript practically carries in +itself both versions of the ballad. The Manuscript of 1829 is in the +possession of Mr. J. H. Spoor, of Chicago. The Manuscript of 1854 is in +my own library. As a specimen of _Marsk Stig_ I quote the following +stanzas: + + _It was the young and bold Marsk Stig_ + _Came riding into the Castle yard_, + _Abroad did stand the King of the land_ + _So fair array'd in sable and mard_. + + "_Now lend an ear_, _young Marshal Stig_, + _I have for thee a fair emprise_, + _Ride thou this year to the war and bear_ + _My flag amongst my enemies_." + + "_And if I shall fare to the war this year_, + _And risk my life among thy foes_, + _Do thou take care of my Lady dear_, + _Of Ingeborg_, _that beauteous rose_." + + _Then answer'd Erik_, _the youthful King_, + _With a laugh in his sleeve thus answered he_: + "_No more I swear has thy lady to fear_ + _Than if my sister dear were she_." + + _It was then the bold Sir Marshal Stig_, + _From out of the country he did depart_, + _In her castle sate his lonely mate_, + _Fair Ingeborg_, _with grief at heart_. + + "_Now saddle my steed_," _cried Eric the King_, + "_Now saddle my steed_," _King Eric cried_, + "_To visit the Dame of beauteous fame_ + _Your King will into the country ride_." + + * * * * * + + "_Now list_, _now list_, _Dame Ingeborg_, + _Thou art_, _I swear_, _a beauteous star_, + _Live thou with me in love and glee_, + _Whilst Marshal Stig is engag'd in war_." + + _Then up and spake Dame Ingeborg_, + _For nought was she but a virtuous wife_: + "_Rather_, _I say_, _than Stig betray_, + _Sir King_, _I'd gladly lose my life_." + + "_Give ear_, _thou proud Dame Ingeborg_, + _If thou my leman and love will be_, + _Each finger fair of thy hand shall bear_ + _A ring of gold so red of blee_." + + "_Marsk Stig has given gold rings to me_, + _And pearls around my neck to string_; + _By the Saints above I never will prove_ + _Untrue to the Marshal's couch_, _Sir King_." + + * * * * * + + _It was Erik the Danish King_, + _A damnable deed the King he wrought_; + _He forc'd with might that Lady bright_, + _Whilst her good Lord his battles fought_. + + * * * * * + + _It was the young Sir Marshal Stig_ + _Stepp'd proudly in at the lofty door_; + _And bold knights then_, _and bold knight's men_, + _Stood up the Marshal Stig before_. + + _So up to the King of the land he goes_, + _And straight to make his plaint began_; + _Then murmured loud the assembled crowd_, + _And clench'd his fist each honest man_. + + "_Ye good men hear a tale of fear_, + _A tale of horror_, _a tale of hell_-- + + &c., &c. + +There is a copy of _Marsk Stig A Ballad_ in the Library of the British +Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: Title page of Marsk Stig, 1913] + + [Picture: Manuscript of Marsk Stig--1829] + + [Picture: Manuscript of Marsk Stig--1854] + + + +(21) [THE SERPENT KNIGHT: 1913] + + +The Serpent Knight / and / Other Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: / +Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 35; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. +3-4; Table of _Contents_ (with blank reverse) pp. 5-6; and Text of the +_Ballads_ pp. 7-35. There are head-lines throughout, each page being +headed with the title of the particular _Ballad_ occupying it. Upon the +reverse of p. 35 is the following imprint: "_London_: / _Printed for +Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to thirty +copies_." The signatures are A (a quarter-sheet of two leaves), plus B & +C (two sheets, each eight leaves), inset within each other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +The Serpent Knight. [_Signelil sits in her bower alone_] 7 + +The only extant MS. of this ballad originally bore the +title _The Transformed Knight_, but the word +_Transformed_ is struck out and replaced by _Serpent_, in +Borrow's handwriting. + +Sir Olaf. [_Sir Olaf rides on his courser tall_] 10 + +_Sir Olaf_ is one of Borrow's most successful ballads. +The only extant Manuscript is written upon paper +water-marked with the date 1845, and was prepared for the +projected _Koempe Viser_. + +The Treacherous Merman. ["_Now rede me mother_," _the 15 +merman cried_] + +This Ballad is a later, and greatly improved, version of +one which appeared under the title _The Merman_ only, in +the _Romantic Ballads_ of 1826. The introduction of the +incident of the changing by magic of the horse into a +boat, furnishes a reason for the catastrophe which was +lacking in the earlier version. + +In its final shape _The Treacherous Merman_ is another of +Borrow's most successful ballads, and it is evident that +he bestowed upon it an infinite amount of care and +labour. An early draft of the final version [a reduced +facsimile of its first page will be found _ante_, facing +p. 40] bears the tentative title _Marsk Stig's Daughter_. +Besides the two printed versions Borrow certainly +composed a third, for a fragment exists of a third MS., +the text of which differs considerably from that of both +the others. + +The Knight in the Deer's Shape. [_It was the Knight Sir 18 +Peter_] + +Facing the present page is a reduced facsimile of the +first page of the Manuscript of _The Knight in the Deer's +Shape_. + +The Stalwart Monk. [_Above the wood a cloister towers_] 24 + +_The Stalwart Monk_ was composed by Borrow about the year +1860. Whether he had worked upon the ballad in earlier +years cannot be ascertained, as no other Manuscript +besides that from which it was printed in the present +volume is known to exist. + +The Cruel Step-Dame. [_My father up of the country 30 +rode_] + +The Cuckoo. [_Yonder the cuckoo flutters_] 34 + +The complete Manuscript of _The Serpent Knight and Other Ballads_ is in +my own collection of Borroviana. + +There is a copy of _The Serpent Knight and Other Ballads_ in the Library +of the British Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: Title page of The Serpent King] + + [Picture: Manuscript of The Knight in the Deer's Shape] + + + +(22) [THE KING'S WAKE: 1913] + + +The King's Wake / and Other Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: / +Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 23; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. +3-4; and Text of the _Ballads_ pp. 5-23. There are head-lines +throughout, each page being headed with the title of the particular +_Ballad_ occupying it. Upon the reverse of p. 23 is the following +imprint: "_London_: / _Printed for Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / +_Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." The signatures are A (a half-sheet +of four leaves), with B (a full sheet of eight leaves) inset within it. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +The King's Wake. [_To-night is the night that the wake 5 +they hold_] + +An early draft of this ballad has the title _The +Watchnight_. + +Swayne Felding. [_Swayne Felding sits at Helsingborg_] 10 + +Of _Swayne Felding_ two Manuscripts are extant. One, +originally destined for _The Songs of Scandinavia_, is +written upon white paper water-marked with the date 1828. +The other, written upon blue paper, was prepared for the +_Koempe Viser_ of 1854. In the earlier MS. the ballad +bears the title _Swayne Felding's Combat with the Giant_; +the later MS. is entitled _Swayne Felding_ only. The +texts of the two MSS. differ widely. + +Innocence Defamed. [_Misfortune comes to every door_] 20 + +The heroic ballads included in these collections are all +far too long to admit of any one of them being given in +full. As an example of the shorter ballads I quote the +title-poem of the present pamphlet, _The King's Wake_: + + _THE KING'S WAKE_ {132} + + _To-night is the night that the wake they hold_, + _To the wake repair both young and old_. + + _Proud Signelil she her mother address'd_: + "_May I go watch along with the rest_?" + + "_O what at the wake wouldst do my dear_? + _Thou'st neither sister nor brother there_. + + "_Nor brother-in-law to protect thy youth_, + _To the wake thou must not go forsooth_. + + "_There be the King and his warriors gay_, + _If me thou list thou at home wilt stay_." + + "_But the Queen will be there and her maiden crew_, + _Pray let me go_, _mother_, _the dance to view_." + + _So long_, _so long begged the maiden young_, + _That at length from her mother consent she wrung_. + + "_Then go_, _my child_, _if thou needs must go_, + _But thy mother ne'er went to the wake I trow_." + + _Then through the thick forest the maiden went_, + _To reach the wake her mind was bent_. + + _When o'er the green meadows she had won_, + _The Queen and her maidens to bed were gone_. + + _And when she came to the castle gate_ + _They were plying the dance at a furious rate_. + + _There danced full many a mail-clad man_, + _And the youthful King he led the van_. + + _He stretched forth his hand with an air so free_: + "_Wilt dance_, _thou pretty maid_, _with me_?" + + "_O_, _sir_, _I've come across the wold_ + _That I with the Queen discourse might hold_." + + "_Come dance_," _said the King with a courteous + smile_, + "_The Queen will be here in a little while_." + + _Then forward she stepped like a blushing rose_, + _She takes his hand and to dance she goes_. + + "_Hear Signelil what I say to thee_, + _A ditty of love sing thou to me_." + + "_A ditty of love I will not_, _Sir King_, + _But as well as I can another I'll sing_." + + _Proud Signil began_, _a ditty she sang_, + _To the ears of the Queen in her bed it rang_. + + _Says the Queen in her chamber as she lay_: + "_O which of my maidens doth sing so gay_? + + "_O which of my maidens doth sing so late_, + _To bed why followed they me not straight_?" + + _Then answered the Queen the little foot page_: + "'_Tis none of thy maidens I'll engage_. + + "'_Tis none I'll engage of the maiden band_, + '_Tis Signil proud from the islet's strand_." + + "_O bring my red mantle hither to me_, + _For I'll go down this maid to see_." + + _And when they came down to the castle gate_ + _The dance it moved at so brave a rate_. + + _About and around they danced with glee_, + _There stood the Queen and the whole did see_. + + _The Queen she felt so sore aggrieved_ + _When the King with Signil she perceived_. + + _Sophia the Queen to her maid did sign_: + "_Go fetch me hither a horn of wine_." + + _His hand the King stretched forth so free_: + "_Wilt thou Sophia my partner be_?" + + "_O I'll not dance with thee_, _I vow_, + _Unless proud Signil pledge me now_." + + _The horn she raised to her lips_, _athirst_, + _The innocent heart in her bosom burst_. + + _There stood King Valdemar pale as clay_, + _Stone dead at his feet the maiden lay_. + + "_A fairer maid since I first drew breath_ + _Ne'er came more guiltless to her death_." + + _For her wept woman and maid so sore_, + _To the Church her beauteous corse they bore_. + + _But better with her it would have sped_, + _Had she but heard what her mother said_. + +There is a copy of _The King's Wake and Other Ballads_ in the Library of +the British Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: Title page of The King's Wake] + + [Picture: Manuscript of The King's Wake] + + + +(23) [THE DALBY BEAR: 1913] + + +The Dalby Bear / and Other Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: / +Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 20; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. +3-4; and Text of the _Ballads_ pp. 5-20. There are head-lines +throughout, each page being headed with the title of the particular +_Ballad_ occupying it. At the foot of p. 20 is the following imprint: +"_London_ / _Printed for Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition +limited to Thirty Copies_." The signatures are A (a quarter-sheet of two +leaves), with B (a full sheet of 8 leaves) inset within it. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +The Dalby Bear. [_There goes a bear on Dalby moors_] 5 + +Tygge Hermandsen. [_Down o'er the isle in torrents 9 +fell_] + +The ballad was printed from a Manuscript written in 1854. +I give a reduced facsimile of a page of an earlier +Manuscript written in 1830. + +The Wicked Stepmother. [_Sir Ove he has no daughter but 14 +one_] + +This ballad should be read in conjunction with _The +Wicked Stepmother_, _No. ii_, printed in _Young Swaigder +or The Force of Runes and Other Ballads_, 1913, pp. +23-37. + +The complete Manuscript of _The Dalby Bear and Other Ballads_ is in the +library of Mr. Clement Shorter. + +There is a copy of _The Dalby Bear and Other Ballads_ in the Library of +the British Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: Manuscript of Tygge Hermandsen] + + + +(24.) [THE MERMAID'S PROPHECY: 1913] + + +The / Mermaid's Prophecy / and other / Songs relating to Queen Dagmar / +By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 30; consisting of Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. +3-4; and Text of the _Songs_ pp. 5-30. There are head-lines throughout, +each page being headed with the title of the particular _Song_ occupying +it. Following p. 30 is a leaf, with a notice regarding the American +copyright upon the reverse, and with the following imprint upon its +recto: "_London_: / _Printed for Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / +_Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." The signatures are A and B (two +sheets, each eight leaves), the one inset within the other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.75 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +Songs relating to Queen Dagmar: + +I. King Valdemar's Wooing. [_Valdemar King and Sir 5 +Strange bold_] + +II. Queen Dagmar's Arrival in Denmark. [_It was 14 +Bohemia's Queen began_] + +III. The Mermaid's Prophecy. [_The King he has caught 19 +the fair mermaid_, _and deep_] + +Rosmer. [_Buckshank bold and Elfinstone_] 25 + +This ballad should be read in conjunction with _Rosmer +Mereman_, printed in _Young Swaigder or The Force of +Runes and Other Ballads_, 1913, pp. 16-22. + +Of _The Mermaid's Prophecy_ there are two Manuscripts extant. In the +earlier of these, written in 1829, the Poem is entitled _The Mermaid's +Prophecy_. In the later Manuscript, written apparently about the year +1854, it is entitled _The Mermaid_ only. From this later Manuscript the +Poem was printed in the present volume. + +Unlike the majority of Borrow's Manuscripts, which usually exhibit +extreme differences of text when two holographs exist of the same Poem, +the texts of the two versions of _The Mermaid's Prophecy_ are practically +identical, the opening stanza alone presenting any important variation. +Here are the two versions of this stanza: + + 1829 + + The Dane King had the Mermaiden caught by his swains, + _The mermaid dances the floor upon_-- + And her in the tower had loaded with chains, + Because his will she had not done. + + 1854 + + The King he has caught the fair mermaid, and deep + (_The mermaid dances the floor upon_) + In the dungeon has placed her, to pine and to weep, + Because his will she had not done. + +There is a copy of _The Mermaid's Prophecy and other Songs relating to +Queen Dagmar_ in the Library of the British Museum. The Press mark is C. +44. d. 38. + + + +(25.) [HAFBUR AND SIGNE: 1913] + + +Hafbur and Signe / A Ballad / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for +Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 23; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. +3-4; and Text of the _Ballad_ pp. 5-23. The head-line is _Hafbur and +Signe_ throughout, upon both sides of the page. Upon the reverse of p. +23 is the following imprint: "_London_: / _Printed for Thomas J. Wise_, +_Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." The +signatures are A (a half-sheet of four leaves), with B (a full sheet of +eight leaves) inset within it. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +Hafbur and Signe. [_Young Hafbur King and Sivard King 5 +They lived in bitter enmity_] + + + +Of _Hafbur and Signe_ two Manuscripts are extant. The first of these was +doubtless written in the early summer of 1830, for on _June_ 1_st_ of +that year Borrow wrote to Dr. Bowring: + + _I send you_ "_Hafbur and Signe_" _to deposit in the Scandinavian + Treasury_ [i.e. among the _Songs of Scandinavia_]. + +The later Manuscript was written in or about the year 1854. + +The earlier of these two Manuscripts is in the collection of Mr. Herbert +T. Butler. The later Manuscript is in my own library. + +As is usually the case when two Manuscripts of one of Borrow's ballads +are available, the difference in poetical value of the two versions of +_Hafbur and Signe_ is considerably. Few examples could exhibit more +distinctly the advance made by Borrow in the art of poetical composition +during the interval. Here are some stanzas from the version of 1854. + + _So late it was at nightly tide_, + _Down fell the dew o'er hill and mead_; + _Then lists it her proud Signild fair_ + _With all the rest to bed to speed_. + + "_O where shall I a bed procure_?" + _Said Hafbur then_, _the King's good son_. + "_O thou shalt rest in chamber best_ + _With me the bolsters blue upon_." + + _Proud Signild foremost went_, _and stepped_ + _The threshold of her chamber o'er_; + _With secret glee came Hafbur_, _he_ + _Had never been so glad before_. + + _Then lighted they the waxen lights_, + _So fairly twisted were the same_. + _Behind_, _behind_, _with ill at mind_, + _The wicked servant maiden came_ + +The following are the parallel stanzas from the version of 1830 + + _So late it was in the nightly tide_, + _Dew fell o'er hill and mead_; + _Then listed her proud Signild fair_ + _With the rest to bed to speed_. + + "_O where shall I a bed procure_?" + _Said Hafbour the King's good son_. + "_In the chamber best with me thou shalt rest_, + _The bolsters blue upon_." + + _Proud Signild foremost went and stepp'd_ + _The high chamber's threshold o'er_, + _Prince Hafbour came after with secret laughter_, + _He'd ne'er been delighted more_ + + _Then lighted they the waxen lights_, + _Fair twisted were the same_. + _Behind_, _behind with ill in her mind_ + _The wicked servant came_. + +I give herewith a reduced facsimile of the last page of each Manuscript. + + [Picture: Hafbur and Signe--1830] + + [Picture: Hafbur and Signe--1854] + +There is a copy of _Hafbur and Signe A Ballad_ in the Library of the +British Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: Title page of Hafbur and Signe] + + + +(26) [THE STORY OF YVASHKA: 1913] + + +The Story / of / Yvashka with the Bear's Ear / Translated from the +Russian / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation +/ 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 23; consisting of: Half title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Frontispiece (with blank recto) pp. 3-4; +Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. 5-6; _Introduction_ (by +Borrow) pp. 7-10; and Text of the _Story_ pp. 11-23. The head-line is +_Yvashka with the Bears Ear_ throughout, upon both sides of the page. +Upon the reverse of p. 23 is the following imprint: "_London_: / _Printed +for Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N. W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty +Copies_." The signatures are A (a half sheet of 4 leaves), and B (a full +sheet of 8 leaves), the one inset within the other. The Frontispiece +consists of a reduced facsimile of the first page of the original +Manuscript in Borrow's handwriting. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + +_The Story of Yvashka_ was the second of three _Russian Popular Tales_, +which were contributed by Borrow to the pages of _Once a Week_ during +1862. _The Story of Yvashka_ appeared in the number for _May_ 17_th_, +1862, Vol. vi, pp. 572-574. + +The _Story_ was reprinted in _The Sphere_, _Feb._ 1_st_, 1913, p. 136. + +The Text of _Yvashka_ as printed in _Once a Week_ differs appreciably +from that printed in _The Sphere_, and in the private pamphlet of 1913, +both of which are identical. The Manuscript from which the two latter +versions were taken was the original translation. The version which +appeared in _Once a Week_ was printed from a fresh Manuscript (which +fills 11 quarto pages) prepared in 1862. A reduced facsimile of the +first page of the earlier Manuscript (which extends to 5.125 quarto +pages) will be found reproduced upon the opposite page. In this +Manuscript the story is entitled _The History of Jack with the Bear's +Ear_. + +Judging from the appearance of this MS., both paper and handwriting, +together with that of fragments which remain of the original MSS. of the +other two published _Tales_, it seems probable that the whole were +produced by Borrow during his residence in St. Petersburg. Should such +surmise be correct, the _Tales_ are contemporary with _Targum_. + +The _Once a Week_ version of _The Story of Yvashka_ was reprinted in _The +Avon Booklet_, Vol. ii, 1904, pp. 199-210. + +There is a copy of _The Story of Yvashka_ in the Library of the British +Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 37. + + [Picture: Manuscript of History of Jack with the Bear's Ear] + + + +(27) [THE VERNER RAVEN: 1913] + + +The Verner Raven / The Count of Vendel's / Daughter / and Other Ballads / +By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 27; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with a note regarding the +American copyright upon the centre of the reverse) pp. 3-4, and Text of +the _Ballads_ pp. 5-27. There are headlines throughout, each page being +headed with the title of the particular _Ballad_ occupying it. Upon the +reverse of p. 27 is the following imprint: "_London_ / _Printed for +Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty +Copies_." The signatures are A (a quarter-sheet of 2 leaves), B (a half +sheet of 4 leaves), and C (a full sheet of 8 leaves), all inset within +each other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +THE VERNER RAVEN. [_The Raven he flies in the evening 5 +tide_] + +THE COUNT OF VENDEL'S DAUGHTER. [_Within a bower the 12 +womb I left_] + +Previously printed in _Once a Week_, Vol. viii, _January_ +3_rd_, 1863, pp. 35-36. + +THE CRUEL MOTHER-IN-LAW. [_From his home and his country 18 +Sir Volmor should fare_] + +THE FAITHFUL KING OF THULE. [_A King so true and 25 +steady_] + +THE FAIRIES' SONG. [_Balmy the evening air_] 27 + +NOTE.--Each poem to which no reference is attached, appeared for the +first time in this volume. + +The Manuscript of _The Count of Vendel's Daughter_ is included in the +extensive collection of Borroviana belonging to Mr. F. J. Farrell, of +Great Yarmouth. + +There is a copy of _The Verner Raven_, _The Count of Vendel's Daughter_, +_and Other Ballads_ in the Library of the British Museum. The Press-mark +is C. 44. d. 38. + + + +(28) [THE RETURN OF THE DEAD: 1913] + + +The / Return of the Dead / and Other Ballads / By / George Borrow / +London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 22; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. +3-4; and Text of the _Ballads_ pp. 5-22. There are head-lines +throughout, each page being headed with the title of the particular +_Ballad_ occupying it. Following p. 22 is a leaf, with blank reverse, +and with the following imprint upon its recto: "_London_: / _Printed for +Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty +copies_." The signatures are A (a half-sheet of four leaves), with B (a +full sheet of eight leaves), inset within it. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +The Return of the Dead. [_Swayne Dyring o'er to the 5 +island strayed_] + +The Transformed Damsel. [_I take my axe upon my back_] 13 + +The Forced Consent. [_Within her own fair castelaye_] 15 + +Ingeborg's Disguise. [_Such handsome court clothes the 19 +proud Ingeborg buys_] + +Song. [_I've pleasure not a little_] 22 + +As a further example of Borrow's shorter Ballads, I give _Ingeborg's +Disguise_ in full. The entire series included in _The Return of the Dead +and Other Ballads_ ranks among the most uniformly successful of Borrow's +achievements in this particular branch of literature:-- + + _INGEBORG'S DISGUISE_ {161} + + _Such handsome court clothes the proud Ingeborg buys_, + _Says she_, "_I'll myself as a courtier disguise_." + + _Proud Ingeborg hastens her steed to bestride_, + _Says she_, "_I'll away with the King to reside_." + + "_Thou gallant young King to my speech lend an ear_, + _Hast thou any need of my services here_?" + + "_O yes_, _my sweet lad_, _of a horseboy I've need_, + _If there were but stable room here for his steed_. + + "_But thy steed in the stall with my own can be tied_, + _And thou_ '_neath the linen shalt sleep by my side_." + + _Three years in the palate good service she wrought_ + _That she was a woman no one ever thought_. + + _She filled for three years of a horse-boy the place_, + _And the steeds of the monarch she drove out to graze_. + + _She led for three years the King's steeds to the brook_, + _For else than a youth no one Ingeborg took_. + + _Proud Ingeborg knows how to make the dames gay_, + _She also can sing in such ravishing way_. + + _The hair on her head is like yellow spun gold_, + _To her beauty the heart of the prince was not cold_. + + _But at length up and down in the palace she strayed_, + _Her colour and hair began swiftly to fade_. + + _What eye has seen ever so wondrous a case_? + _The boy his own spurs to his heel cannot brace_. + + _The horse-boy is brought to so wondrous a plight_, + _To draw his own weapon he has not the might_. + + _The son of the King to five damsels now sends_, + _And Ingeborg fair to their care he commends_. + + _Proud Ingeborg took they and wrapped in their weed_, + _And to the stone chamber with her they proceed_. + + _Upon the blue cushions they Ingeborg laid_, + _Where light of two beautiful sons she is made_. + + _Then in came the prince_, _smiled the babies to view_: + "'_Tis not every horse-boy can bear such a two_." + + _He patted her soft on her cheek sleek and fair_: + "_Forget my heart's dearest all sorrow and care_." + + _He placed the gold crown on her temples I ween_: + "_With me shalt thou live as my wife and my Queen_." + +The complete Manuscript of _The Return of the Dead and Other Ballads_ is +in my own library. + +There is a copy of _The Return of the Dead and Other Ballads_ in the +Library of the British Museum. The Press-mark is C.44.d.38. + + [Picture: Title page of The Return of the Dead] + + [Picture: Manuscript of Ingeborg's Disguise] + + + +(29) [AXEL THORDSON: 1913] + + +Axel Thordson / and Fair Valborg / A Ballad / By / George Borrow / +London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 45; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with a notice regarding the +American copyright upon the reverse) pp. 3-4; and text of _the Ballad_ +pp. 5-45. The head-line is _Axel Thordson and Fair Valborg_ throughout, +upon both sides of the page. Upon the reverse of p. 45 is the following +imprint: "_London_: / _Printed for Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / +_Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." The signatures are A to C (Three +sheets, each eight leaves) inset within each other. The last leaf of +Sig. C is a blank. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +Axel Thordson and Fair Valborg. [_At the wide board at 5 +tables play_] + +In some respects _Axel Thordson and Fair Valborg_ is the most ambitious +of Borrow's Ballads. It is considerably the longest, unless we regard +the four "_Songs_" of which _Marsk Stig_ is comprised as forming one +complete poem. But it is by no means the most successful; indeed it is +invariably in his shorter Ballads that we find Borrow obtaining the +happiest result. + +Two Manuscripts of _Axel Thordson and Fair Valborg_ are available. The +first was prepared in 1829 for the _Songs of Scandinavia_. The second +was revised in 1854 for the _Koempe Viser_. This later Manuscript is in +my own possession. I give herewith a reduced facsimile of one of its +pages. + +There is a copy of _Axel Thordson and Fair Valborg_ in the Library of the +British Museum. The Press-mark is C.44.d.38. + + [Picture: Axel Thordson and Fair Valborg--1854] + + + +(30) [KING HACON'S DEATH: 1913] + + +King Hacon's Death / and / Bran and the Black Dog / Two Ballads / By / +George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Crown octavo, pp. 14; consisting of: Half-title (with blank +reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. 3-4; and +Text of the _Two Ballads_ pp. 5-14. There are head-lines throughout, +each page being headed with the title of the particular _Ballad_ +occupying it. Following p. 14 is a leaf, with blank reverse, and with +the following imprint upon its recto, "_London_: / _Printed for Thomas J. +Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." There +are no signatures, the pamphlet being composed of a single sheet, folded +to form sixteen pages. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 7.5 x 5 inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +King Hacon's Death. ["_And now has happened in our 5 +day_"] + +Bran and the Black Dog. ["_The day we went to the hills 11 +to chase_"] + +I venture to regard this ballad of the fight between Bran +and the Black Dog as one of Borrow's happiest efforts. +Here are some of its vigorous stanzas: + + _The valiant Finn arose next day_, + _Just as the sun rose above the foam_; + _And he beheld up the Lairgo way_, + _A man clad in red with a black dog come_. + + _He came up with a lofty gait_, + _Said not for shelter he sought our doors_; + _And wanted neither drink nor meat_, + _But would match his dog_ '_gainst the best of + ours_. + + * * * * * + + "_A strange fight this_," _the great Finn said_, + _As he turn'd his face towards his clan_; + _Then his face with rage grew fiery red_, + _And he struck with his fist his good dog Bran_. + + "_Take off from his neck the collar of gold_, + _Not right for him now such a thing to bear_; + _And a free good fight we shall behold_ + _Betwixt my dog and his black compeer_." + + _The dogs their noses together placed_, + _Then their blood was scatter'd on every side_; + _Desperate the fight_, _and the fight did last_ + '_Till the brave black dog in Bran's grip died_. + + * * * * * + + _We went to the dwelling of high Mac Cuol_, + _With the King to drink_, _and dice_, _and throw_; + _The King was joyous_, _his hall was full_, + _Though empty and dark this night I trow_. + +There is a copy of _King Hacon's Death and Bran and the Black Dog_ in the +Library of the British Museum. The Pressmark is C. 44. d. 38. + + + +(31) [MARSK STIG'S DAUGHTERS: 1913] + + +Marsk Stig's / Daughters / and other / Songs and Ballads / By / George +Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Crown octavo, pp. 21; consisting of: Half-title (with blank +reverse), pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse), pp. 3-4; +Table of _Contents_, pp. 5-6; and Text of the _Songs and Ballads_, pp. +7-21. The reverse of p. 21 is blank. The head-line is _Songs and +Ballads_ throughout, upon both sides of the page. The pamphlet concludes +with a leaf, with blank reverse, and with the following imprint upon its +recto: "_London_: / _Printed for Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / +_Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." There are no signatures, but the +pamphlet consists of a half-sheet (of four leaves), with a full sheet (of +eight leaves) inset within it. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 7.5 x 5 inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +Marsk Stig's Daughters. [_Two daughters fair the Marshal 7 +had_] + +The Three Expectants. [_There are three for my death 11 +that now pine_] + +Translation. [_One summer morn_, _as I was seeking_] 13 + +The English Gipsy: + +He. [_As I to the town was going one day_ 14 +_My Roman lass I met by the way_] + +She. [_As I to the town was going one day_ 14 +_I met a young Roman upon the way_] + +The first of these two stanzas had been printed +previously in _Romano Lavo-Lil_, 1874, p. 183. + +Gipsy Song. [_Up_, _up_, _brothers_] 16 + +The first stanza of this _Song_ was printed previously +(under the title _Run for it_!) in _Romano Lavo-Lil_, +1874, p. 195. + +Our Heart is Heavy, Brother. [_The strength of the ox_] 17 + +Another version of this poem was printed previously +(under the title _Sorrowful Tears_, and with an entirely +different text) in _Romano Lavo-Lil_, 1874, p. 211. + +In order to give some clear idea of the difference +between the two versions, I quote the opening stanza of +each: + + 1874. + + _The wit and the skill_ + _Of the Father of ill_, + _Who's clever indeed_, + _If they would hope_ + _With their foes to cope_ + _The Romany need_. + + 1913. + + _The strength of the ox_, + _The wit of the fox_, + _And the leveret's speed_; + _All_, _all to oppose_ + _Their numerous foes_ + _The Romany need_. + +Song. [_Nastrond's blazes_] 19 + +Another version of this _Song_ was printed previously +(divided up, and with many textual variations) in _The +Death of Balder_, 1899, pp. 53-54. + +Lines. [_To read the great mysterious Past_] 21 + +As a specimen of Borrow's lighter lyrical verse, as +distinguished from his Ballads, I give the text of the +_Translation_ noted above, accompanied by a facsimile of +the first page of the MS.: + + TRANSLATION. + + One summer morn, as I was seeking + My ponies in their green retreat, + I heard a lady sing a ditty + To me which sounded strangely sweet: + + _I am the ladye_, _I am the ladye_, + _I am the ladye loving the knight_; + _I in the green wood_, '_neath the green branches_, + _In the night season sleep with the knight_. + + Since yonder summer morn of beauty + I've seen full many a gloomy year; + But in my mind still lives the ditty + That in the green wood met my ear: + + _I am the ladye_, _I am the ladye_, + _I am the ladye loving the knight_; + _I in the green wood_, '_neath the green branches_, + _In the night season sleep with the knight_. + +A second Manuscript of this _Translation_ has the 'ditty' +arranged in eight lines, instead of in four. In this MS. +the word _ladye_ is spelled in the conventional manner: + + _I am the lady_, + _I am the lady_, + _I am the lady_ + _Loving the knight_; + _I in the greenwood_, + '_Neath the green branches_, + _Through the night season_ + _Sleep with the knight_. + +_Note_.--Each poem to which no reference is attached appeared for the +first time in this volume. + +There is a copy of _Marsk Stig's Daughters and other Songs and Ballads_ +in the Library of the British Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: Title page of Marsk Stig's Daughters] + + [Picture: Manuscript 'One summer morn'] + + + +(32) [THE TALE OF BRYNILD: 1913] + + +The Tale of Brynild / and / King Valdemar and his Sister / Two Ballads / +By / George Borrow / London: Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 35; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page as above (with a notice regarding the +American copyright upon the reverse) pp. 3-4; and Text of the _Ballads_ +pp. 5-35. There are head-lines throughout, each page being headed with +the title of the particular _Ballad_ occupying it. Upon the reverse of +p. 35 is the following imprint: "_London_: / _Printed for Thomas J. +Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." The +signatures are A (a quarter-sheet of two leaves), and B and C (two +sheets, each eight leaves), each inset within the other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +The Tale of Brynild. [_Sivard he a colt has got_] 5 + +Of _The Tale of Brynild_, two manuscripts are extant, +written in 1829 and 1854 respectively. The text of the +latter, from which the ballad was printed in the present +pamphlet, is immeasurably the superior. + +King Valdemar and his sister. [_See_, _see_, _with Queen 13 +Sophy sits Valdemar bold_] + +Mirror of Cintra. [_Tiny fields in charming order_] 34 + +The Harp. [_The harp to everyone is dear_] 35 + +There can be little doubt that the series of poems included in this +volume present Borrow at his best as a writer of Ballads. + +There is a copy of _The Tale of Brynild and King Valdemar and his Sister_ +in the Library of the British Museum. The Pressmark is C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: Title page of The Tale of Brynild] + + + +(33) [PROUD SIGNILD: 1913] + + +Proud Signild / and / Other Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: / +Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation: Square demy octavo, pp. 28; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with a notice regarding the +American copyright upon the reverse) pp. 3-4; and Text of the _Ballads_ +pp. 5-28. There are head-lines throughout, each page being headed with +the title of the particular _Ballad_ occupying it. At the foot of p. 28 +is the following imprint: "_London_: _Printed for Thomas J. Wise_, +_Hampstead_, _N.W._ _Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." The signatures +are A (six leaves), and B (a full sheet of eight leaves), the one inset +within the other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with the title-page reproduced +upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +Proud Signild. [_Proud Signild's bold brothers have 5 +taken her hand_] + +The Damsel of the Wood. [_The Knight takes hawk_, _and 16 +the man takes hound_] + +Damsel Mettie. [_Knights Peter and Olaf they sat o'er 22 +the board_] + +As is the case with quite a number of Borrow's ballads, +two Manuscripts of _Damsel Mettie_ have been preserved. +The earlier, composed not later than 1829, is written +upon paper water marked with the date 1828; the later is +written upon paper water-marked 1843. The earlier +version has a refrain, "'_Neath the linden tree watches +the lord of my heart_," which is wanting in the later. +Otherwise the text of both MSS. is identical, the +differences to be observed between them being merely +verbal. For example, the seventh couplet in the earlier +reads: + + _I'll gage my war courser_, _the steady and tried_, + _That thou canst not obtain the fair Mettie_, _my + bride_. + +In the later MS. this couplet reads: + + _I'll gage my war courser_, _the steady and tried_, + _Thou never canst lure the fair Mettie_, _my bride_. + +There is a copy of _Proud Signild and Other Ballads_ in the Library of +the British Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38. + + + +(34) [ULF VAN YERN: 1913] + + +Ulf Van Yern / and / Other Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: / +Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 27; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page (with notice regarding the American +copyright upon the reverse) pp. 3-4; and Text of the _Ballads_ pp. 5-27. +There are head-lines throughout, each page being headed with the title of +the particular _Ballad_ occupying it. Upon the reverse of p. 27 is the +following imprint: "_London_: / _Printed for Thomas J. Wise_, +_Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." The +signatures are A (a quarter-sheet of two leaves), B (a half-sheet of four +leaves), and C (a full sheet of eight leaves), all inset within each +other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +Ulf Van Yern. [_It was youthful Ulf Van Yern_] 5 + +This ballad was here printed from the Manuscript prepared +for the projected _Koempe Viser_ of 1854. In the MS of +1829 the ballad is entitled _Ulf Van Yern and Vidrik +Verlandson_. The texts of the two versions differ widely +in almost every stanza. + +The Chosen Knight. [_Sir Oluf rode forth over hill and 16 +lea_] + +Sir Swerkel. [_There's a dance in the hall of Sir 19 +Swerkel the Childe_] + +Finn and the Damsel, or The Trial of Wits. ["_What's 23 +rifer than leaves_?" _Finn cried_] + +Epigrams by Carolan: + +1. On Friars. [_Would'st thou on good terms with friars 26 +live_] + +2. On a surly Butler, who had refused him admission to 26 +the cellar. [_O Dermod Flynn it grieveth me_] + +Lines. [_How deadly the blow I received_] 27 + +The last four lines of this Poem had already served (but +with a widely different text) as the last four lines of +the _Ode from the Gaelic_, printed in _Romantic Ballads_, +1826, pp 142-143. + +There is a copy of _Ulf Van Yern and Other Ballads_ in the Library of the +British Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: Manuscript of Damsel Mattie] + + [Picture: Manuscript of Sir Swerkel] + + + +(35) [ELLEN OF VILLENSKOV: 1913] + + +Ellen of Villenskov / and Other Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: / +Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 22; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. +3-4; and Text of the _Ballads_ pp. 5-22. There are head-lines +throughout, each page being headed with the title of the particular +_Ballad_ occupying it. Following p. 22 is a leaf, with blank reverse, +and with the following imprint upon its recto: "_London_: / _Printed for +Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty +Copies_." The signatures are A (a half-sheet of four leaves), with B (a +full sheet of eight leaves) inset within it. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +Ellen of Villenskov. [_There lies a wold in Vester Haf_] 5 + +Uranienborg. [_Thou who the strand dost wander_] 13 + +Previously printed, with an earlier and far inferior +text, under the title _The Ruins of Uranienborg_, in _The +Foreign Quarterly Review_. _June_, 1830, pp. 85-86. + +The Ready Answer. [_The brother to his dear sister 19 +spake_] + +Epigrams: + +1. _There's no living_, _my boy_, _without plenty of 22 +gold_ + +2. _O think not you'll change what on high is designed_ 22 + +3. _Load not thyself with gold_, _O mortal man_, _for 22 +know_ + +NOTE.--Each poem to which no reference is attached, appeared for the +first time in this volume. + +The Manuscripts of the poems included in _Ellen of Villenskov and Other +Ballads_ are in the Library of Mr. Clement K. Shorter. + +There is a copy of _Ellen of Villenskov and Other Ballads_ in the Library +of the British Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38. + + + +(36) [THE SONGS OF RANILD: 1913] + + +The Songs of Ranild / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private +Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 26; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. +3-4; and Text of the Poems pp. 5-26. There are head-lines throughout, +each page being headed with the title of the particular poem occupying +it. Following p. 26 is a leaf, with a notice regarding the American +copyright upon the reverse, and with the following imprint upon its +recto: "_London_: / _Printed for Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / +_Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." The signatures are A (six leaves), +and B (a full sheet of eight leaves), the one inset within the other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +The Songs of Ranild: + +Song the First. [_Up Riber's street the dance they ply_] 5 + +Song the Second. [_To saddle his courser Ranild cried_] 10 + +Song the Third. [_So wide around the tidings bound_] 13 + +Child Stig and Child Findal. [_Child Stig and Child 17 +Findal two brothers were they_] + +_The Songs of Ranild_ were first written in 1826, and +were finally prepared for press in 1854. I give +herewith, facing p. 191, a facsimile, the exact size of +the original, of the first page of the first draft of +_Song the Third_. + +The complete MS. from which these four Ballads were +printed is in the Library of Mr. J. A. Spoor, of Chicago. + +There is a copy of _The Songs of Ranild_ in the Library of the British +Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: Manuscript of Songs Relating to Marsk Stig] + + + +(37) [NIELS EBBESEN: 1913] + + +Niels Ebbesen / and / Germand Gladenswayne / Two Ballads / By / George +Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 32; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page as above (with notice regarding the +American copyright upon the reverse) pp. 3-4; and Text of the _Ballads_ +pp. 5-32. There are head-lines throughout, each page being headed with +the title of the particular _Ballad_ occupying it. At the foot of p. 32 +is the following imprint: "_London_: / _Printed for Thomas J. Wise_, +_Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." The +signatures are A and B (two sheets, each eight leaves), the one inset +within the other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +Niels Ebbesen. [_All his men the Count collects_] 5 + +Germand Gladenswayne. [_Our King and Queen sat o'er the 22 +board_] + +There is a copy of _Niels Ebbesen and Germand Gladenswayne_ in the +Library of the British Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: Title page of Niels Ebbesen] + + + +(38) [CHILD MAIDELVOLD: 1913] + + +Child Maidelvold / and Other Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: / +Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 27; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with a notice regarding the +American copyright upon the reverse) pp. 3-4; and Text of the _Ballads_ +pp. 5-27. There are head-lines throughout, each page being headed with +the title of the particular _Ballad_ occupying it. Upon the reverse of +p. 27 is the following imprint: "_London_: / _Printed for Thomas J. +Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." The +signatures are A (a quarter-sheet of two leaves), B (a half-sheet of four +leaves), and C (a full sheet of eight leaves), each inset within the +other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +Child Maidelvold. [_The fair Sidselil_, _of all maidens 5 +the flower_] + +Another, but widely different and altogether inferior, +version of this beautiful and pathetic ballad--one of +Borrow's best--was printed (under the title _Skion +Middel_) in _The Monthly Magazine_, _November_, 1823, p. +308; and again (under the amended title _Sir Middel_, and +with a slightly revised text) in _Romantic Ballads_, +1826, pp. 28-31. In these earlier versions the name of +the heroine is Swanelil in place of Sidselil, and that of +the hero is Sir Middel in place of Child Maidelvold. + +Sir Peter. [_Sir Peter and Kirstin they sat by the 11 +board_] + +Ingefred and Gudrune. [_Ingefred and Gudrune they sate 15 +in their bower_] + +Sir Ribolt. [_Ribolt the son of a Count was he_] 20 + +As a further example of these Ballads I give _Ingefred and Gudrune_ in +full. + + _INGEFRED AND GUDRUNE_ {199} + + _Ingefred and Gudrune they sate in their bower_, + _Each bloomed a beauteous fragrant flower_-- + _So sweet it is in summer tide_! + + _A working the gold fair Ingefred kept_, + _Still sate Gudrune_, _and bitterly wept_. + + "_Dear sister Gudrune so fain I'd know_ + _Why down thy cheek the salt tears flow_?" + + "_Cause enough have I to be thus forlorn_, + _With a load of sorrow my heart is worn_. + + "_Hear_, _Ingefred_, _hear what I say to thee_, + _Wilt thou to-night stand bride for me_? + + "_If bride for me thou wilt stand to-night_, + _I'll give thee my bridal clothes thee to requite_. + + "_And more_, _much more to thee I'll give_, + _All my bride jewels thou shalt receive_." + + "_O_, _I will not stand for bride in thy room_, + _Save I also obtain thy merry bridegroom_." + + "_Betide me whatever the Lord ordain_, + _From me my bridegroom thou never shalt gain_." + + _In silks so costly the bride they arrayed_, + _And unto the kirk the bride they conveyed_. + + _In golden cloth weed the holy priest stands_, + _He joins of Gudrune and Samsing the hands_. + + _O'er the downs and green grass meadows they sped_, + _Where the herdsman watched his herd as it fed_. + + "_Of thy beauteous self_, _dear Damsel_, _take heed_, + _Ne'er enter the house of Sir Samsing_, _I rede_. + + "_Sir Samsing possesses two nightingales_ + _Who tell of the Ladies such wondrous tales_. + + "_With their voices of harmony they can declare_ + _Whether maiden or none has fallen to his share_." + + _The chariot they stopped in the green wood shade_, + _An exchange_ '_twixt them of their clothes they made_. + + _They change of their dress whatever they please_, + _Their faces they cannot exchange with ease_. + + _To Sir Samsung's house the bride they conveyed_, + _Of the ruddy gold no spare was made_. + + _On the bridal throne the bride they plac'd_, + _They skinked the mead for the bride to taste_. + + _Then said from his place the court buffoon_: + "_Methinks thou art Ingefred_, _not Gudrune_." + + _From off her hand a gold ring she took_, + _Which she gave the buffoon with entreating look_. + + _Said he_: "_I'm an oaf_, _and have drunk too hard_, + _To words of mine pay no regard_." + + '_Twas deep at night_, _and down fell the mist_, + _To her bed the young bride they assist_. + + _Sir Samsing spoke to his nightingales twain_: + "_Before my young bride sing now a strain_. + + "_A song now sing which shall avouch_ + _Whether I've a maiden or none in my couch_." + + "_A maid's in the bed_, _that's certain and sure_, + _Gudrune is standing yet on the floor_." + + "_Proud Ingefred_, _straight from my couch retire_! + _Gudrune come hither_, _or dread my ire_! + + "_Now tell me_, _Gudrune_, _with open heart_, + _What made thee from thy bed depart_?" + + "_My father_, _alas_! _dwelt near the strand_, + _When war and bloodshed filled the land_. + + "_Full eight there were broke into my bower_, + _One only ravished my virgin flower_." + + _Upon her fair cheek he gave a kiss_: + "_My dearest_, _my dearest_, _all sorrow dismiss_; + + "_My swains they were that broke into thy bower_, + '_Twas I that gathered thy virgin flower_." + + _Fair Ingefred gained_, _because bride she had been_, + _One of the King's knights of handsome mien_. + +There is a copy of _Child Maidelvold and Other Ballads_ in the Library of +the British Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: Manuscript of Child Maidelvold] + + [Picture: Manuscript of Ingefred and Gudrune] + + + +(39) [ERMELINE: 1913] + + +Ermeline / A Ballad / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private +Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 23; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. +3-4; and Text of the Poems pp. 5-23. There are head-lines throughout, +each page being headed with the title of the particular poem occupying +it. Upon the reverse of p. 23 is the following imprint: "_London_ / +_Printed for Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to +Thirty Copies_." The signatures are A (a half-sheet of four leaves), and +B (a full sheet of eight leaves), the one inset within the other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +Ermeline. [_With lance upraised so haughtily_] 5 + +The paper upon which the Manuscript of _Ermeline_ is +written is water-marked with the date 1843. No other MS. +is forthcoming. + +The Cuckoo's Song in Merion. [_Though it has been my 21 +fate to see_] + +The fifth stanza of this _Song_ was printed by Borrow in +_Wild Wales_, 1862, vol. i, p. 153. The two versions of +this stanza offer some interesting variations of text; I +give them both: + + 1862 + + _Full fair the gleisiad in the flood_, + _Which sparkles_ '_neath the summer's sun_, + _And fair the thrush in green abode_ + _Spreading his wings in sportive fun_, + _But fairer look if truth be spoke_, + _The maids of County Merion_. + + 1913 + + _O fair the salmon in the flood_, + _That over golden sands doth run_; + _And fair the thrush in his abode_, + _That spreads his wings in gladsome fun_; + _More beauteous look_, _if truth be spoke_, + _The maids of county Merion_. + +There is a copy of _Ermeline A Ballad_ in the Library of the British +Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: Title page for Giant of Bern] + + + +(40) [THE GIANT OF BERN: 1913] + + +The Giant of Bern / and Orm Ungerswayne / A Ballad / By / George Borrow / +London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Crown octavo, pp. 15; consisting of Half-title (with blank +reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. 3-4; and +Text of the _Ballad_ pp. 5-15. The head-line is _The Giant of Bern_ +throughout, upon both sides of the page. Upon the reverse of p. 15 is +the following imprint: "_London_: / _Printed for Thomas J. Wise_, +_Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." There are no +signatures, the pamphlet being composed of a single sheet, folded to form +sixteen pages. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 7.5 x 5 inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +The Giant of Bern and Orme Ungerswayne. [_It was the 5 +lofty jutt of Bern_, _O'er all the walls he grew_] + +Fifteen stanzas, descriptive of the incident of Orm's +obtaining his father's sword from the dead man's grave, +were printed in _Targum_, 1835, pp. 59-61, under the +title _Birting_. _A Fragment_. The text differs greatly +in the two versions, that of the later (which, though not +printed until 1913, was written about 1854) is much the +superior. As an example I give the first two stanzas of +each version: + + 1835 + + _It was late at evening tide_, + _Sinks the day-star in the wave_, + _When alone Orm Ungarswayne_ + _Rode to seek his father's grave_. + + _Late it was at evening hour_, + _When the steeds to streams are led_; + _Let me now_, _said Orm the young_, + _Wake my father from the dead_. + + 1913 + + _It was so late at evening tide_, + _The sun had reached the wave_, + _When Orm the youthful swain set out_ + _To seek his father's grave_. + + _It was the hour when grooms do ride_ + _The coursers to the rill_, + _That Orm set out resolved to wake_ + _The dead man in the hill_. + +There is a copy of _The Giant of Bern and Orm Ungerswayne_ in the Library +of the British Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38. + + + +(41) [LITTLE ENGEL: 1913] + + +Little Engel / A Ballad / With a Series of / Epigrams from the Persian / +By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 27; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. +3-4; and Text of the _Ballad_ and _Epigrams_ pp. 5-27. There are +head-lines throughout, each page being headed with the title of the +particular Poem occupying it--save for pp. 23-27, which are headed +_Epigrams_. Upon the reverse of p. 27 is the following imprint: +"_London_: / _Printed for Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition +limited to Thirty Copies_." The signatures are A (six leaves), and B (a +full sheet of eight leaves), the one inset within the other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +Little Engel. [_It was the little Engel_, _he_] 5 + +An Elegy. [_Where shall I rest my hapless head_] 21 + +Epigrams. From the Persian: + +1. [_Hear what once the pigmy clever_] 23 + +2. [_The man who of his words is sparing_] 23 + +3. [_If thou would'st ruin_ '_scape_, _and blackest 24 +woe_] + +4. [_Sit down with your friends in delightful repose_] 24 + +5. [_The hungry hound upon the bone will pounce_] 24 + +6. [_Great Aaroun is dead_, _and is nothing_, _the man_] 25 + +7. [_Though God provides our daily bread_] 25 + +8. The King and his Followers. [_If in the boor's 25 +garden the King eats a pear_] + +9. The Devout Man and the Tyrant. [_If the half of a 26 +loaf the devout man receives_] + +10. The Cat and the Beggar. [_If a cat could the power 26 +of flying enjoy_] + +11. The King and Taylor. [_The taylor who travels in 26 +far foreign lands_] + +12. Gold Coin and Stamped Leather. [_Of the children of 27 +wisdom how like is the face_] + +13. [_So much like a friend with your foe ever deal_] 27 + +The Manuscript of these _Epigrams_ bears instructive +evidence of the immense amount of care and labour +expended by Borrow upon his metrical compositions. +Reduced facsimiles of two of the pages of this Manuscript +are given herewith. It will be observed that a full page +and a half are occupied by the thirteenth _Epigram_, at +which Borrow made no fewer than seven attempts before he +succeeded in producing a version which satisfied him. +The completed _Epigram_ is as follows:-- + + _So much like a friend with your foe ever deal_, + _That you never need dread the least scratch from his + steel_; + _But ne'er with your friend deal so much like a foe_, + _That you ever must dread from his faulchion a blow_. + +The original Manuscript of _Little Engel_, written in 1829, is in the +library of Mr. Edmund Gosse. The Manuscript of 1854, from which the +ballad was printed, is in my own library. + +There is a copy of _Little Engel_, _A Ballad_, &c., in the Library of the +British Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: Title page of Little Engel] + + + +(42) [ALF THE FREEBOOTER: 1913] + + +Alf the Freebooter / Little Danneved and / Swayne Trost / and Other +Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation +/ 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 27; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with a note regarding the +American copyright upon the centre of the reverse) pp. 3-4; and Text of +the _Ballads_ pp. 5-27. There are headlines throughout, each page being +headed with the title of the particular _Ballad_ occupying it. Upon the +reverse of p. 27 is the following imprint, "_London_: / _Printed for +Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty +Copies_." The signatures are A (a quarter-sheet of 2 leaves), B (a +half-sheet of 4 leaves), and _C_ (a full sheet of 8 leaves), all inset +within each other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +SIR ALF THE FREEBOOTER. [_Sir Alf he is an Atheling_.] 5 + +LITTLE DANNEVED AND SWAYNE TROST. ["_O what shall I in 14 +Denmark do_?"] + +SIR PALL, SIR BEAR, AND SIR LIDEN. [_Liden he rode to 20 +the Ting_, _and shewed_] + +BELARDO'S WEDDING. [_From the banks_, _in mornings 23 +beam_] + +THE YEW TREE. [_O tree of yew_, _which here I spy_] 27 + +Two earlier versions of this Ode were printed by Borrow +in _Wild Wales_, vol. iii, pp. 203 and 247. The texts of +all three versions differ very considerably. + +There is a copy of _Alf the Freebooter and Other Ballads_ in the Library +of the British Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: Manuscript of Epigrams] + + [Picture: Manuscript of Epigrams] + + + +(43) [KING DIDERIK: 1913] + + +King Diderik / and the Fight between the / Lion and Dragon / and Other +Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation +/ 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 27; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with a note regarding the +American copyright upon the centre of the reverse) pp. 3-4; and Text of +the _Ballads_ pp. 5-27. There are head-lines throughout, each page being +headed with the title of the particular _Ballad_ occupying it. Upon the +reverse of p. 27 is the following imprint, "_London_: / _Printed for +Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty +Copies_." The signatures are A (a quarter-sheet of 2 leaves), B (a +half-sheet of 4 leaves), and C (a full sheet of 8 leaves), all inset +within each other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +KING DIDERIK AND THE LION'S FIGHT WITH THE DRAGON. 5 + +[_From Bern rode forth King Diderik_] + +There exists a single leaf of an early draft of another, +entirely different, version of this ballad. Upon the +opposite page is a facsimile, the exact size of the +original, of this fragment. + +DIDERIK AND OLGER THE DANE. [_With his eighteen brothers 14 +Diderik stark_] + +OLGER THE DANE AND BURMAN. [_Burman in the mountain 21 +holds_] + +The complete Manuscript of _King Diderik_, _&c._, _and Other Ballads_, as +prepared for the _Songs of Scandinavia_ of 1829, is preserved in the +British Museum. + +There is a copy of _King Diderik and the Fight between the Lion and +Dragon_, _&c._ in the Library of the British Museum. The Press-mark is +C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: King Diderik--Early draft] + + + +(44) [THE NIGHTINGALE: 1913] + + +The Nightingale / The Valkyrie and Raven / and Other Ballads / By / +George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 27; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with a note regarding the +American copyright upon the centre of the reverse) pp. 3-4; and Text of +the _Ballads_ pp. 5-27. There are head-lines throughout, each page being +headed with the title of the particular _Ballad_ occupying it. Upon the +reverse of p. 27 is the following imprint: "_London_: / _Printed for +Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N. W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty +Copies_." The signatures are A (a quarter-sheet of 2 leaves), B (a +half-sheet of 4 leaves), and C (a full sheet of 8 leaves), all inset +within each other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +THE NIGHTINGALE, OR THE TRANSFORMED DAMSEL. [_I know 5 +where stands a Castellaye_] + +THE VALKYRIE AND RAVEN. [_Ye men wearing bracelets_] 11 + +Previously printed in _Once a Week_, _August_ 2_nd_, +1862, pp. 152-156, where the Ballad was accompanied by a +full-page Illustration engraved upon wood. [_See post_, +pp. 302-305.] + +ERIK EMUN AND SIR PLOG. [_Early at morn the lark sang 21 +gay_] + +THE ELVES. [_Take heed_, _good people_, _of yourselves_] 25 + +There are two Manuscripts of _The Elves_ available. So +far as the body of the poem is concerned the texts of +these are identical, the fifth line alone differing +materially in each. This line, as printed, reads: + + _The lass he woo' d_, _her promise won_. + +In the earlier of the two MSS. it reads: + + _Inflamed with passion her he woo'd_. + +A cancelled reading of the same MS. runs: + + _Whom when he saw the peasant woo'd_. + +But the Ballad is furnished with a repeated refrain. +This refrain in the printed version reads: + + _Take heed_, _good people_, _of yourselves_; + _And oh_! _beware ye of the elves_. + +In the earlier MS. the refrain employed is: + + '_Tis wonderful the Lord can brook_ + _The insolence of the fairy folk_! + +A reduced facsimile of the first page of the later MS. +will be found facing the present page. + +The entire poem should be compared with _The Elf Bride_, +printed in _The Brother Avenged and Other Ballads_, 1913, +pp. 21-22. + +FERIDUN. [_No face of an Angel could Feridun claim_] 26 + +EPIGRAMS: + +1. [_A worthless thing is song_, _I trow_] 27 + +2. [_Though pedants have essayed to hammer_] 27 + +3. [_When of yourself you have cause to speak_] 27 + +_Note_.--Each poem to which no reference is attached, appeared for the +first time in this volume. + +There is a copy of _The Nightingale_, _The Valkyrie and Raven_, _and +Other Ballads_ in the Library of the British Museum. The Press-mark is +C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: Manuscript of The Elves] + + + +(45) [GRIMMER AND KAMPER: 1913] + + +Grimmer and Kamper / The End of Sivard Snarenswayne / and Other Ballads / +By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 28; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with a note regarding the +American copyright upon the centre of the reverse) pp. 3-4; and Text of +the _Ballads_ pp. 5-28. There are headlines throughout, each page being +headed with the title of the particular _Ballad_ occupying it. At the +foot of p. 28 is the following imprint: "_London_: / _Printed for Thomas +J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N. W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." +The signatures are A (a quarter-sheet of 2 leaves), B (a half-sheet of 4 +leaves), and C (a full-sheet of 8 leaves), all inset within each other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +GRIMMER AND KAMPER. [_Grimmer walks upon the floor_] 5 + +MIMMERING TAN. [_The smallest man was Mimmering_] 11 + +THE END OF SIVARD SNARENSWAYNE. [_Young Sivard he his 14 +step-sire slew_] + +The two Manuscripts, belonging to the years 1829 and 1854 +respectively, of this ballad exhibit very numerous +differences of text. As a brief, but sufficient, example +I give the second stanza as it occurs in each: + + 1829 + + _It was Sivard Snareswayne_ [sic] + _To his mother's presence hied_: + "_Say_, _shall I go from thee on foot_, + _Or_, _tell me_, _shall I ride_?" + + 1854 + + _It was Sivard Snarenswayne_ + _To his mother's presence strode_: + "_Say_, _shall I ride from hence_?" _he cried_, + "_Or wend on foot my road_?" + +SIR GUNCELIN'S WEDDING. [_It was the Count Sir 19 +Guncelin_] + +EPIGRAMS: + +HONESTY. [_No wonder honesty's a lasting article_] 27 + +A POLITICIAN. [_He served his God in such a fashion_] 27 + +THE CANDLE. [_For foolish pastimes oft_, _full oft_, 27 +_they thee ignite_] + +EPIGRAM ON HIMSELF. BY WESSEL [_He ate_, _and drank_, 28 +_and slip-shod went_] + +There is a copy of _Grimmer and Kamper_, _The End of Sivard +Snarenswayne_, _and Other Ballads_ in the Library of the British Museum. +The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: Manuscript of Sir Guncelin's Wedding] + + + +(46) [THE FOUNTAIN OF MARIBO: 1913] + + +The / Fountain of Maribo / and Other Ballads / By / George Borrow / +London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 27; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Frontispiece (with blank recto) pp. 3-4; +Title-page (with notice regarding the American copyright upon the centre +of the reverse) pp. 5-6; and Text of the _Ballads_ pp. 7-27. There are +head-lines throughout, each page being headed with the title of the +particular _Ballad_ occupying it. Upon the reverse of p. 27 is the +following imprint: "_London_: / _Printed for Thomas J. Wise_, +_Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." The +signatures are A (a quarter-sheet of two leaves), B (a half-sheet of four +leaves), and C (a full sheet of eight leaves), each inset within the +other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + +The Frontispiece is a reduced facsimile of the first page of the original +Manuscript of _Ramund_. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +THE FOUNTAIN OF MARIBO, OR THE QUEEN AND THE ALGREVE. 7 +[_The Algreve he his bugle wound_] + +Of _The Fountain of Maribo_ there are two Manuscripts +available, one written in 1829 and the other in 1854. +The text of these differs appreciably, that of the second +being as usual the superior. Here are some stanzas from +each version: + + 1829 + + The Algreve he his bugle wound, + _The longest night_. + The Queen in her bower heard the sound + _Love me doth thrall_. + + The Queen her little foot boy address'd: + _The longest night_. + "Go, come to me hither the Algreve request." + _Love me doth thrall_. + + In came the Algrave, 'fore the board stood he: + "What wilt thou my Queen that thou'st sent for me?" + + "If I survive when my lord is dead, + Thou shall rule o'er my gold so red." + + 1854 + + The Algreve he his bugle wound + _The long night all_-- + The Queen in bower heard the sound, + _I'm passion's thrall_. + + The Queen her little page address'd, + _The long night all_-- + "To come to me the Greve request," + _I'm passion's thrall_. + + He came, before the board stood he, + _The long night all_-- + "Wherefore, O Queen, hast sent for me?" + _I'm passion's thrall_, + + "As soon as e'er my lord is dead, + _The long night all_-- + Thou shall rule o'er my gold so red," + _I'm passion's thrall_. + +RAMUND. [_Ramund thought he should a better man be_] 13 + +A reduced facsimile of the first page of the manuscript +of _Ramund_ faces the present page. + +ALF OF ODDERSKIER. [_Alf he dwells at Odderskier_] 22 + +There is a copy of _The Fountain of Maribo and Other Ballads_ in the +Library of the British Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: Manuscript of Ramund] + + + +(47) [QUEEN BERNGERD: 1913] + + +Queen Berngerd / The Bard and the Dreams / and / Other Ballads / By / +George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 31; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Frontispiece (with blank recto) pp. 3-4; +Title-page, as above (with a note regarding the American copyright upon +the centre of the reverse) pp. 5-6; and Text of the _Ballads_ pp. 7-31. +There are headlines throughout, each page being headed with the title of +the particular _Ballad_ occupying it. Upon the reverse of p. 31 is the +following imprint: "_London_: / _Printed for Thomas J. Wise_, +_Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." The +signatures are A and B (two sheets each eight leaves), the one inset +within the other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x6.75 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + +The Frontispiece consists of a reduced facsimile of the original +Manuscript, in Borrow's handwriting, of _The Bard and the Dreams_. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +QUEEN BERNGERD. [_Long ere the Sun the heaven arrayed_] 7 + +DAME MARTHA'S FOUNTAIN. [_Dame Martha dwelt at 13 +Karisegaard_] + +Previously printed (with some small differences of text) +in _The Foreign Quarterly Review_, June 1830, p. 83. + +THE BARD AND THE DREAMS. [_O'er the sweet smelling meads 16 +with his lyre in his hand_] + +KING OLUF THE SAINT. [_King Oluf and his brother bold_] 23 + +Previously printed (with some slight differences of text) +in _The Foreign Quarterly Review_, _June_ 1830, pp. +59-61. + +TO SCRIBBLERS. [_Would it not be more dignified_] 30 + +This delightful Squib, here first printed, was written by +Borrow upon the refusal by Lockhart to insert in _The +Quarterly Review_ Borrow's Essay suggested by Ford's +_Handbook for Travellers in Spain_, 1845, in the +unmutilated and unamended form in which the author had +written it.--[See _ante_, No. 10.] + +TO A CONCEITED WOMAN. [_Be still_, _be still_, _and 31 +speak not back again_] + +_Note_.--Each poem, to which no reference is attached, appeared for the +first time in this volume. + +There is a copy of _Queen Berngerd_, _The Bard and the Dreams_, _and +Other Ballads_ in the Library of the British Museum. The Press-mark is +C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: Manuscript of The Bard and the Dreams] + + [Picture: Title page of Finnish Arts] + + + +(48) [FINNISH ARTS: 1913] + + +Finnish Arts / Or / Sir Thor and Damsel Thure / A Ballad / By / George +Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 27; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Frontispiece (with blank recto), pp. 3-4; +Title-page, as above (with notice regarding the American copyright upon +the centre of the reverse) pp. 5-6; and Text of the _Ballads_ pp. 7-27. +There are head-lines throughout, each page being headed with the title of +the particular _Ballad_ occupying it. Upon the reverse of p. 27 is the +following imprint: "_London_: / _Printed for Thomas J. Wise_, +_Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." The +signatures are A (a quarter-sheet of two leaves), B (a half-sheet of four +leaves), and C (a full sheet of eight leaves), each inset within the +other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + +The Frontispiece is a reduced facsimile of the first page of the original +Manuscript of _Finnish Arts_, _or Sir Thor and Damsel Thure_. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +FINNISH ARTS, OR, SIR THOR AND DAMSEL THURE. [_Sir Thor 7 +was a knight of prowess tried_] + +A reduced facsimile of the first page of the Manuscript +of _Finnish Arts_ will be found facing the present page. + +A NEW SONG TO AN OLD TUNE. [_Who starves his wife_] 22 + +ODE FROM ANACREON. [_The earth to drink does not 24 +disdain_] + +LINES FROM THE ITALIAN. ["_Repent_, _O repent_!" _said a 25 +Friar one day_] + +A DRINKING SONG. [_O how my breast is glowing_] 26 + +There is a copy of _Finnish Arts_, _Or Sir Thor and Damsel Thure_ in the +Library of the British Museum. The Pressmark is C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: Manuscript of Finnish Arts] + + + +(49) [BROWN WILLIAM: 1913] + + +Brown William / The Power of the Harp / and / Other Ballads / By / George +Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 31; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with notice regarding the +American copyright upon the centre of the reverse) pp. 3-4; and Text of +the _Ballads_ pp. 5-31. There are head-lines throughout, each page being +headed with the title of the particular _Ballad_ occupying it. Upon the +reverse of p. 31 is the following imprint: "_London_ / _Printed for +Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty +Copies_." The signatures are A and B (two sheets, each eight leaves), +the one inset within the other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +BROWN WILLIAM. [_Let no one in greatness too confident 5 +be_] + +Previously printed in _Once a Week_, _January_ 4_th_, +1862, pp. 37-38. + +THE POWER OF THE HARP. [_Sir Peter would forth from the 12 +castle ride_] + +A reduced facsimile of one of the pages of the Manuscript +of _The Power of The Harp_ will be found facing herewith. + +THE UNFORTUNATE MARRIAGE. [_Hildebrand gave his sister 18 +away_] + +THE WRESTLING-MATCH. [_As one day I wandered lonely_, 25 +_in extreme distress of mind_] + +THE WARRIOR. FROM THE ARABIC. [_Thou lov'st to look on 31 +myrtles green_] + +_Note_.--Each poem to which no reference is attached, appeared for the +first time in this volume. + +There is a copy of _Brown William_, _The Power of the Harp_, _and Other +Ballads_ in the Library of the British Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. +d. 38. + + [Picture: Manuscript of The Power of the Harp] + + + +(50) [THE SONG OF DEIRDRA: 1913] + + +The Song of Deirdra / King Byrge and his Brothers / and / Other Ballads / +By / George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 28; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with a note regarding the +American copyright upon the centre of the reverse) pp. 3-4; and Text of +the _Ballads_ pp. 5-28. There are head-lines throughout, each page being +headed with the title of the particular Ballad occupying it. At the foot +of p. 28 is the following imprint: "_London_: / _Printed for Thomas J. +Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." The +signatures are A (a quarter-sheet of two leaves), B (a half-sheet of four +leaves), and C (a full sheet of eight leaves), all inset within each +other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.75 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +THE SONG OF DEIRDRA. [_Farewell_, _grey Albyn_, _much 5 +loved land_] + +THE DIVER. [_Where is the man who will dive for his 8 +king_] + +Previously printed in _The New Monthly Magazine_, vol. +vii., 1823, pp. 540-542. + +KING BYRGE AND HIS BROTHERS. [_Dame Ingeborg three brave 18 +brothers could boast_] + +TURKISH HYMN TO MAHOMET. [_O Envoy of Allah_, _to thee 26 +be salaam_] + +_Note_.--Each poem to which no reference is attached appeared for the +first time in this volume. + +There is a copy of _The Song of Deirdra_, _King Byrge and his Brothers_, +_and Other Ballads_ in the Library of the British Museum. The Press-mark +is C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: Title page of King Byrge] + + + +(51) [SIGNELIL: 1913] + + +Signelil / A Tale from the Cornish / and Other Ballads / By / George +Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 28; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page (with notice regarding the American +copyright upon the centre of the reverse) pp. 3-4; and Text of the +_Ballads_ pp. 5-28. There are head-lines throughout, each page being +headed with the title of the particular _Ballad_ occupying it. At the +foot of p. 28 is the following imprint: "_London_: / _Printed for Thomas +J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." The +signatures are A (a quarter-sheet of two leaves), B (a half-sheet of four +leaves), and C (a full sheet of eight leaves), all inset within each +other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +SIGNELIL. [_The Lady her handmaid to questioning took_] 5 + +A TALE FROM THE CORNISH. [_In Lavan's parish once of 8 +yore_] + +Previously printed, with some trifling inaccuracies, in +Knapp's _Life_, _Writings_, _and Correspondence of George +Borrow_, 1899, vol. ii, pp. 91-95. + +SIR VERNER AND DAME INGEBORG. [_In Linholm's house_ 19 +_The swains they were drinking and making carouse_] + +THE HEDDEBY SPECTRE. [_At evening fall I chanced to 22 +ride_] + +An earlier, and utterly different, version of this ballad +was printed (under the tentative title _The +Heddybee-Spectre_) in _Romantic Ballads_, 1826, pp. +37-39. Borrow afterwards described this earlier version +as "a paraphrase." + +FROM GOUDELI. [_Yestere'en when the bat_, _and the owl_, 25 +_and his mate_] + +PEASANT SONGS OF SPAIN: + +1. [ _When Jesu our Redeemer_] 27 + +2. [_There stands a stone_, _a rounded stone_] 28 + +_Note_.--Each poem to which no reference is attached appeared for the +first time in this volume. + +There is a copy of _Signelil_, _a Tale from the Cornish_, _and Other +Ballads_ in the Library of the British Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. +d. 38. + + [Picture: Manuscript of Signelil] + + + +(52) [YOUNG SWAIGDER: 1913] + + +Young Swaigder / or / The Force of Runes / and Other Ballads / By / +George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 27; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with a notice regarding the +American copyright upon the reverse) pp. 3-4; and Text of the _Ballads_ +pp. 5-27. There are head-lines throughout, each page being headed with +the title of the particular _Ballad_ occupying it. Upon the reverse of +p. 27 is the following imprint: "_London_: / _Printed for Thomas J. +Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." The +signatures are A (a quarter-sheet of two leaves), B (a half-sheet of four +leaves), and C (a full sheet of eight leaves), each inset within the +other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +YOUNG SWAIGDER, OR THE FORCE OF RUNES. [_It was the 5 +young Swaigder_] + +THE HAIL STORM. [_As in Horunga Haven_] 14 + +Previously printed in _Romantic Ballads_, 1826, pp. +136-138. Again printed in _Targum_, 1835, pp. 42-43. + +In each instance the text varied very considerably. The +present version was written about 1854, and represents +the text as Borrow finally left it. I quote the first +stanza of each version. It will be seen that the +revision was progressive. + + 1826 + + _When from our ships we bounded_, + _I heard_, _with fear astounded_, + _The storm of Thorgerd's waking_; + _With flinty masses blended_, + _Gigantic hail descended_, + _And thick and fiercely rattled_ + _Against us there embattled_. + + 1835 + + _For victory as we bounded_, + _I heard_, _with fear astounded_, + _The storm_, _of Thorgerd's waking_, + _From Northern vapours breaking_. + _Sent by the fiend in anger_, + _With din and stunning clangour_, + _To crush our might intended_, + _Gigantic hail descended_. + + 1854 + + _As in Horunga haven_ + _We fed the crow and raven_, + _I heard the tempest breaking_, + _Of demon Thorgerd's waking_; + _Sent by the fiend in anger_, + _With din and stunning clangor_, + _To crush our might intended_, + _Gigantic hail descended_. + +Another translation of the same Ballad, extending to 84 +lines, was printed in _Once a Week_, 1863, vol. viii, p. +686, under the title _The Hail-Storm_; _Or_, _The Death +of Bui_. + +ROSMER MEREMAN. [_In Denmark once a lady dwelt_] 16 + +This ballad should be read in conjunction with _Rosmer_, +printed in _The Mermaid's Prophecy_, _and other Songs +relating to Queen Dagmar_, 1913, pp. 25-30. + +THE WICKED STEPMOTHER. NO. II. [_Sir Peter o'er to the 23 +island strayed_--] + +This ballad should be compared with _The Wicked +Stepmother_, printed in _The Dalby Bear and Other +Ballads_, 1913, pp. 14-20. + +_Note_.--Each poem to which no reference is attached, appeared for the +first time in this volume. + +There is a copy of _Young Swaigder or The Force of Runes and Other +Ballads_ in the Library of the British Museum The Press-mark is C. 44. d. +38. + + + + (53) [EMELIAN THE FOOL: 1913] + + +Emelian the Fool / A Tale / Translated from the Russian / By / George +Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Crown octavo, pp. 37; consisting of: Half-title (with blank +reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with blank reverse) pp. 3-4; +_Introduction_ pp. 5-7; and Text of the _Tale_ pp. 8-37. The reverse of +p. 37 is blank. The head-line is _Emelian the Fool_ throughout, upon +both sides of the page. The pamphlet is concluded by a leaf, with blank +reverse, carrying the following imprint upon its recto: "_London_: / +_Printed for Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to +Thirty Copies_." The signatures are A (a half-sheet of 4 leaves), plus B +and C (2 sheets, each 8 leaves), inset within each other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 7.5 x 5 inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + +_Emelian the Fool_ first appeared in _Once a Week_, vol. vi, _March_ +8_th_, 1862, pp. 289-294, where it formed the first of a series of three +_Russian Popular Tales_, in Prose, translated by George Borrow. + +The _Tale_ was also included in _The Avon Booklet_, vol. ii, 1904, pp. +175-197. + +There is a copy of _Emelian the Fool_ in the Library of the British +Museum. The Press-mark is C. 57. e. 45 (1). + + + +(54) [THE STORY OF TIM: 1913] + + +The Story of Tim / Translated from the Russian / By / George Borrow / +London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Crown octavo, pp. 31; consisting of: Half-title (with blank +reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page as above (with blank reverse) pp. 3-4; +_Introduction_ p. 5; and Text of the _Story_ pp. 6-31. The head-line is +_The Story of Tim_ throughout, upon both sides of the page. Upon the +reverse of p. 31 is the following imprint: "_London_: / _Printed for +Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty +Copies_." The signatures are A and B (two sheets, each eight leaves), +the one inset within the other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 7.5 x 5 inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + +_The Story of Tim_ first appeared in _Once a Week_, vol. vii, _October_ +4_th_, 1862, pp. 403-406, where it formed the third of a series of +_Russian Popular Tales_, in Prose, translated by George Borrow. + +The _Story_ was also included in _The Avon Booklet_, vol. ii, 1904, pp. +211-229. + +There is a copy of _The Story of Tim_ in the Library of the British +Museum. The Press-mark is C. 57. e. 45 (2). + + [Picture: Title page of The Story of Tim] + + + +(55) [MOLLIE CHARANE: 1913] + + +Mollie Charane / and Other Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: / +Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 28; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with notice regarding the +American copyright upon the centre of the reverse) pp. 3-4; and Text of +the _Ballads_ pp. 5-28. There are headlines throughout, each page being +headed with the title of the particular _Ballad_ occupying it. At the +foot of p. 28 is the following imprint: "_London_: / _Printed for Thomas +J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." The +signatures are A (a quarter-sheet of two leaves), B (a half-sheet of four +leaves), and C (a full sheet of eight leaves), each inset within the +other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +MOLLIE CHARANE. [_O_, _Mollie Charane_, _where got you 5 +your gold_?] + +Previously printed in _Once a Week_, vol. vi, 1862, pp. +38-39. + +THE DANES OF YORE. [_Well we know from saga_] 8 + +A SURVEY OF DEATH. [_My blood is freezing_, _my senses 11 +reel_] + +Another version of this poem was printed in _The Monthly +Magazine_, vol. lvi, 1823, p. 245; and reprinted (with +some small textual variations) in _Romantic Ballads_, +1826, pp. 169-170. As the poem is a short one, and as +the two versions afford a happy example of the drastic +changes Borrow introduced into his text when revising his +Ballads, I give them both in full: + + 1823 + + _Perhaps_ '_tis folly_, _but still I feel_ + _My heart-strings quiver_, _my senses reel_, + _Thinking how like a fast stream we range_, + _Nearer and nearer to life's dread change_, + _When soul and spirit filter away_, + _And leave nothing better than senseless clay_. + + _Yield_, _beauty_, _yield_, _for the grave does + gape_, + _And_, _horribly alter'd_, _reflects thy shape_; + _For_, _oh_! _think not those childish charms_ + _Will rest unrifled in his cold arms_; + _And think not there_, _that the rose of love_ + _Will bloom on thy features as here above_. + + _Let him who roams at Vanity Fair_ + _In robes that rival the tulip's glare_, + _Think on the chaplet of leaves which round_ + _His fading forehead will soon be bound_, + _And on each dirge the priests will say_ + _When his cold corse is borne away_, + + _Let him who seeketh for wealth_, _uncheck'd_ + _By fear of labour_, _let him reflect_ + _That yonder gold will brightly shine_ + _When he has perish'd_, _with all his line_; + _Tho' man may rave_, _and vainly boast_, + _We are but ashes when at the most_. + + 1913 + + _My blood is freezing_, _my senses reel_, + _So horror stricken at heart I feel_; + _Thinking how like a fast stream we range_ + _Nearer and nearer to that dread change_, + _When the body becomes so stark and cold_, + _And man doth crumble away to mould_. + + _Boast not_, _proud maid_, _for the grave doth gape_, + _And strangely altered reflects thy shape_; + _No dainty charms it doth disclose_, + _Death will ravish thy beauty's rose_; + _And all the rest will leave to thee_ + _When dug thy chilly grave shall be_. + + _O_, _ye who are tripping the floor so light_, + _In delicate robes as the lily white_, + _Think of the fading funeral wreath_, + _The dying struggle_, _the sweat of death_-- + _Think on the dismal death array_, + _When the pallid corse is consigned to clay_! + + _O_, _ye who in quest of riches roam_, + _Reflect that ashes ye must become_; + _And the wealth ye win will brightly shine_ + _When burried are ye and all your line_; + _For your many chests of much loved gold_ + _You'll nothing obtain but a little mould_. + +DESIDERABILIA VITAE. [_Give me the haunch of a buck to 13 +eat_] + +Previously printed, with a slightly different text, and +arranged in six lines instead of in three four-line +stanzas, in _Lavengro_, 1851, vol. i, p. 306. + +SAINT JACOB. [_Saint Jacob he takes our blest Lord by 14 +the hand_] + +THE RENEGADE. [_Now pay ye the heed that is fitting_] 19 + +Previously printed, with some small differences of text, +in _The Talisman_, 1835, pp. 13-14. + +AN IMPROMPTU. [_And darest thou thyself compare_] 21 + +A HYMN. [_O Jesus_, _Thou Fountain of solace and 23 +gladness_] + +THE TRANSFORMED DAMSEL. [_My father up of the country 25 +rode_] + +This Ballad should be compared with _The Cruel +Step-dame_, printed in _The Serpent Knight and Other +Ballade_, 1913, pp. 30-33. Also with _The Transformed +Damsel_, printed in _The Return of the Dead and Other +Ballads_, 1913, pp. 13-14. The actions described in the +earlier stanzas follow closely those of the opening +stanzas of _The Cruel Step-dame_; whilst the incident of +the lover cutting a piece of flesh from his own breast to +serve as bait to attract his mistress, who, in the form +of a bird, is perched upon a branch of the tree above +him, is common to both the _Transformed Damsel_ ballads. + +_Note_.--Each poem to which no reference is attached appeared for the +first time in this volume. + +There is a copy of _Mollie Charane and Other Ballads_ in the Library of +the British Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: Manuscript of The Danes of Yore] + + + +(56) [GRIMHILD'S VENGEANCE: 1913] + + +Grimhild's Vengeance / Three Ballads / By / George Borrow / Edited / With +an Introduction / By / Edmund Gosse, C. B. / London: / Printed for +Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 40; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with a note regarding the +American copyright upon the centre of the reverse) pp. 3-4; +_Introduction_ pp. 5-14; and text of the three _Ballads_ pp. 15-40. The +head-line is _Grimhild's Vengeance_ throughout, upon both sides of the +page. At the foot of p. 40 is the following imprint: "_London_: / +_Printed for Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to +Thirty Copies_." The signatures are A (a half-sheet of four leaves), and +B and C (two sheets, each eight leaves), each inset within the other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +GRIMHILD'S VENGEANCE. SONG THE FIRST. [_It was the 15 +proud Dame Grimhild Prepares the mead and beer_] + +A reduced facsimile of page 2 of the 1854 Manuscript of +this _Song_ faces the present page. + +GRIMHILD'S VENGEANCE. SONG THE SECOND. [_It was the 24 +proud Dame Grimhild The wine with spices blends_] + +GRIMHILD'S VENGEANCE. SONG THE THIRD. [_O_, _where will 32 +ye find kempions So bold and strong of hand_] + +The Introduction furnished by Mr. Edmund Gosse to _Grimhild's Vengeance_ +is undoubtedly by far the most illuminating and important contribution +yet made to the critical study of Borrow's Ballads, a study which has +hitherto been both meagre and inadequate. Not only does Mr. Gosse handle +the three _Songs_ particularly before him, and make clear the +relationship they bear to each other, but he deals with the whole subject +of the origin of Borrow's Scandinavian Ballads, and traces fully and +precisely the immediate source from which their author derived them. One +of Borrow's most vivid records Mr. Gosse calls into question, and proves +indisputably that it must henceforth be regarded, if not as a fiction, at +least as one more result of Borrow's inveterate habit of "drawing the +long bow,"--to wit the passages in _Lavengro_ wherein Borrow recounts his +acquisition of the "strange and uncouth-looking volume" at the price of a +kiss from the yeoman's wife, and the purpose which that volume served +him. + +Of the first and second of the three Ballads included in _Grimhild's +Vengeance_ two Manuscripts are available. The first of these was written +in 1829, and was intended to find a place in the _Songs of Scandinavia_ +advertised at the close of that year. The second Manuscript was written +in 1854, and was prepared for the projected volumes of _Koempe Viser_ of +that date. Of the third Ballad there exists only a single Manuscript, +namely that produced in 1829. Apparently in 1854 Borrow had relinquished +all hope of publishing the _Koempe Viser_ before he had commenced work +upon the third Ballad. In the present volume the first two _Songs_ were +printed from the Manuscripts of 1854; the third _Song_ from the +Manuscript of 1829. + +There is a copy of _Grimhild's Vengeance_ in the Library of the British +Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: Manuscript of Grimhild's Vengeance: Song the First--1854] + + + +(57) [LETTERS TO ANN BORROW: 1913] + + +Letters / To his Mother / Ann Borrow / and Other Correspondents / By / +George Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Crown octavo, pp. 38; consisting of Half-title (with blank +reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with a notice regarding the +American copyright upon the centre of the reverse) pp. 3-4; and Text of +the _Letters_ pp. 5-38. The head-line is _Letters to his Mother_ +throughout, upon both sides of the page. Following p. 38 is a leaf, with +blank recto, and with the following imprint upon the reverse: "_London_: +/ _Printed for Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to +Thirty Copies_." The signatures are A (a half-sheet of four leaves), +plus B and C (two sheets, each eight leaves), each inset within the +other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 7.5 x 5 inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + +The series of letters contained in this volume were reprinted in _George +Borrow and his Circle_. _By Clement King Shorter_, 8vo, 1913. The whole +of the holographs are in Mr. Shorter's possession. + +There is a copy of _Letters to his Mother_, _Ann Borrow_, in the Library +of the British Museum. The Press-mark is C. 57. e. 46. + + + +(58) [THE BROTHER AVENGED: 1913] + + +The Brother Avenged / and / Other Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: +/ Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 32; consisting of Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with a note regarding the +American copyright upon the centre of the reverse) pp 3-4; and Text of +the _Ballads_ pp. 5-32. There are head-lines throughout, each page being +headed with the title of the particular Ballad occupying it. At the foot +of p. 32 is the following imprint: "_London_: / _Printed for Thomas J. +Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." The +signatures are A and B (two sheets, each eight leaves), the one inset +within the other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +THE BROTHER AVENGED. [_I stood before my master's 5 +board_] + +Previously printed (with some textual variations) in _The +Foreign Quarterly Review_, vol. vi, _June_ 1830, pp +61-62. + +THE EYES. {268} [_To kiss a pair of red lips small_] 9 + +HARMODIUS AND ARISTOGITON. [_With the leaves of the 12 +myrtle I'll cover my brand_] + +MY DAINTY DAME. [_My dainty Dame_, _my heart's delight_] 14 + +GRASACH ABO OR THE CAUSE OF GRACE. [_O_, _Baillie Na 16 +Cortie_! _thy turrets are tall_] + +DAGMAR. [_Sick in Ribe Dagmar's lying_] 19 + +THE ELF BRIDE. [_There was a youthful swain one day_] 21 + +These stanzas should be compared with _The Elves_, +printed in _The Nightingale_, _The Valkyrie and Raven_, +_and Other Ballads_, 1913, pp. 25-26. + +THE TREASURE DIGGER. [_O_, _would that with last and 23 +shoe I had stay'd_] + +THE FISHER. [_The fisherman saddleth his good winged 25 +horse_] + +THE CUCKOO. [_Abiding an appointment made_] 29 + +_Note_.--Each poem to which no reference is attached, appeared for the +first time in this volume. + +There is a copy of _The Brother Avenged and Other Ballads_ in the Library +of the British Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: Manuscript of Grasach Abo] + + + +(59) [THE GOLD HORNS: 1913] + + +The Gold Horns / Translated by / George Borrow / from the Danish of / +Adam Gottlob Oehlenschlager / Edited / with an Introduction by / Edmund +Gosse, C.B. / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1913. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 25; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with a note regarding the +American copyright upon the centre of the reverse) pp. 3-4; +_Introduction_ pp. 5-9; and Text of _The Gold Horns_, the Danish and +English texts facing each other upon opposite pages, pp. 10-25. The +reverse of p. 25 is blank. There are head-lines throughout, each recto +being headed _The Gold Horns_, and each verso _Guldhornene_. The book is +completed by a leaf, with blank reverse, and with the following imprint +upon its recto: "_London_: / _Printed for Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, +_N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." The signatures are A (a +half-sheet of four leaves), B (a quarter-sheet of two leaves), and C (a +full sheet of eight leaves), each inset within the other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + +Although the poem was not printed until 1913, it is quite evident that +the translation was made by Borrow in or about the year 1826. The paper +upon which the Manuscript is written is watermarked with the date 1824, +whilst the handwriting coincides with that of several of the pieces +included in the _Romantic Ballads of_ 1826. "There can be little doubt," +writes Mr. Gosse, "that Borrow intended _The Gold Horns_ for that volume, +and rejected it at last. He was conscious, perhaps, that his hand had +lacked the skill needful to reproduce a lyric the melody of which would +have taxed the powers of Coleridge or of Shelley." + + "_The Gold Horns_ marks one of the most important stages in the + history of Scandinavian literature. It is the earliest, and the + freshest, specimen of the Romantic Revival in its definite form. In + this way, it takes in Danish poetry a place analogous to that taken + by _The Ancient Mariner_ in English poetry. . . . + + "Oehlenschlager has explained what it was that suggested to him the + leading idea of his poem. Two antique horns of gold, discovered some + time before in the bogs of Slesvig, had been recently stolen from the + national collection at Rosenberg, and the thieves had melted down the + inestimable treasures. Oehlenschlager treats these horns as the + reward for genuine antiquarian enthusiasm, shown in a sincere and + tender passion for the ancient relics of Scandinavian history. From + a generation unworthy to appreciate them, the _Horns_ had been + withdrawn, to be mysteriously restored at the due romantic + hour."--[_From the Introduction by Edmund Gosse_.] + +There is a copy of _The Gold Horns_ in the Library of the British Museum. +The Press-mark is C. 57. d. 19. + + + +(60) [TORD OF HAFSBOROUGH: 1914] + + +Tord of Hafsborough / and Other Ballads / By / George Borrow / London: / +Printed for Private Circulation / 1914. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 32; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with a note regarding the +American copyright upon the centre of the reverse) pp. 3-4; and Text of +the _Ballads_ pp. 5-32. There are head-lines throughout, each page being +headed with the title of the particular _Ballad_ occupying it. At the +foot of p. 32 is the following imprint: "_London_: / _Printed for Thomas +J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty Copies_." The +signatures are A and B (two sheets, each eight leaves), the one inset +within the other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +TORD OF HAFSBOROUGH. [_It was Tord of Hafsborough_] 5 + +FROM THE ARABIC. [_O thou who fain would'st wisdom 10 +gain_] + +THORVALD. [_Swayne Tveskieg did a man possess_] 11 + +Previously printed in _The Foreign Quarterly Review_, +vol. vi, 1830, p. 74. + +PETER COLBIORNSEN. ['_Fore Fredereksteen King Carl he 16 +lay_] + +Previously printed in _The Foreign Quarterly Review_, +vol. vi, 1830, pp. 84-85. + +KRAGELILL. ['_Twas noised about_, '_twas noised about_] 21 + +ALLEGAST. [_The Count such a store of gold had got_] 25 + +EPIGRAMS: + +1. [_Assume a friend's face when a foeman you spy_] 30 + +2. [_The lion in woods finds prey of noble kind_] 30 + +3. [_Though God provides our daily bread_] 30 + +4. [_To trust a man I never feel inclined_] 31 + +5. [_A hunter who was always seeking game_] 31 + +6. [_The plans of men of shrewdest wit_] 31 + +7. [_Well was it said_, _long years ago_] 31 + +8. [_Who roams the world by many wants beset_] 32 + +It is probable that the whole of these eight _Epigrams_ +were derived by Borrow from Persian sources. + +ON A YOUNG MAN WITH RED HAIR. [_He is a lad of sober 32 +mind_] + +_Note_.--Each poem to which no reference is attached, appeared for the +first time in this volume. + +There is a copy of _Tord of Hafsborough and Other Ballads_ in the Library +of the British Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38. + + + +(61) [THE EXPEDITION TO BIRTING'S LAND: 1914] + + +The Expedition to / Birting's Land / and Other Ballads / By / George +Borrow / London: / Printed for Private Circulation / 1914. + +Collation:--Square demy octavo, pp. 27; consisting of: Half-title (with +blank reverse) pp. 1-2; Title-page, as above (with a note regarding the +American copyright upon the centre of the reverse) pp. 3-4; and Text of +the _Ballads_ pp. 5-27. There are head-lines throughout, each page being +headed with the title of the particular _Ballad_ occupying it. Upon the +reverse of p. 27 is the following imprint: "_London_: / _Printed for +Thomas J. Wise_, _Hampstead_, _N.W._ / _Edition limited to Thirty +Copies_." The signatures are A (a half-sheet of four leaves), B (a +quarter-sheet of two leaves), and C (a full sheet of eight leaves), inset +within each other. + +Issued in bright green paper wrappers, with untrimmed edges, and with the +title-page reproduced upon the front. The leaves measure 8.5 x 6.875 +inches. + +Thirty Copies only were printed. + + _Contents_. + + PAGE + +THE EXPEDITION TO BIRTING'S LAND. [_The King he o'er the 5 +castle rules_] + +Of _The Expedition to Birting's Land_ no less than three +Manuscripts are extant. The first was composed in 1826, +and was originally destined for inclusion in the +_Romantic Ballads_ of that date. It is numbered to come +between _The Tournament_ and _Vidrik Verlandson_. The +second was written in 1829, and was intended to find a +place in _The Songs of Scandinavia_. The third was +prepared in 1854, with a view to its appearance in the +_Koempe Viser_. In the two earlier versions the Ballad +bears the tentative title _The Expedition of King +Diderik's Warriors to Birting's Land_. The texts of all +three differ very considerably, the final version being +that from which the Ballad was here printed. + +THE SINGING MARINER. [_Who will ever have again_] 16 + +Previously printed in _The Monthly Magazine_, Vol. lvi, +1823, p. 335. + +There exists an early Manuscript of this charming lyric, +differing entirely from the text as printed. This early +version is written in couplets, instead of in four-line +stanzas. Here is the first stanza, followed by the +equivalent couplet from the MS.: + + Printed text. + + _Who will ever have again_, + _On the land or on the main_, + _Such a chance as happen'd to_ + _Count Arnaldos long ago_. + + MS. + + _Who had e'er such an adventure the ocean's waves + upon_, + _As had the Count Arnaldos the morning of St. John_. + +Upon the opposite page I give a facsimile of this early +Manuscript, the exact size of the original. The tiny +waif affords a delightful specimen of Borrow's extremely +beautiful and graceful minute handwriting, of which one +or two other examples exist. The paper upon which the +lines are written is evidently a leaf torn from a small +note-book. + +YOUTH'S SONG IN SPRING. [_O_, _scarcely is Spring a time 18 +of pure bliss_] + +THE NIGHTINGALE. [_In midnight's calm hour the 19 +Nightingale sings_] + +Previously printed in _The Monthly Magazine_, vol. lvi, +1823, p. 526. + +LINES. [_Say from what mine took Love the yellow gold_] 20 + +MORNING SONG. [_From Eastern quarters now_] 21 + +Previously printed in _The Foreign Quarterly Review_, +vol. vi, 1830, p. 65. + +FROM THE FRENCH. [_This world by fools is occupied_] 22 + +THE MORNING WALK. [_To the beech grove with so sweet an 23 +air_] + +Previously printed in _The Foreign Quarterly Review_, +vol. vi, 1830, pp. 80-81. + +_Note_.--Each poem to which no reference is attached, appeared for the +first time in this volume. + +There is a copy of _The Expedition to Birting's Land and Other Ballads_ +in the Library of the British Museum. The Press-mark is C. 44. d. 38. + + [Picture: Manuscript of Singing Mariner] + + + + +_PART II_. +CONTRIBUTIONS TO PERIODICAL LITERATURE, ETC. + + +(1) _The New Monthly Magazine_, Vol. vii, 1823. Pp. 540-542. + + +THE DIVER, A BALLAD TRANSLATED FROM THE GERMAN. [_Where is the man who +will dive for his King_?] + +Reprinted in The Song of Deirdra and Other Ballads, 1913, pp. 8-17. + + + +(2) _The Monthly Magazine_, Vol. lvi, 1823. + + + P. 244. + +ODE TO A MOUNTAIN TORRENT. [_How lovely thou art in thy tresses of +foam_] + +Reprinted, with the text substantially revised, in _Romantic Ballads_, +1826, pp. 164-166. Again reprinted in _Targum_, 1835, pp. 45-46. + +The majority of Borrow's contributions to _The Monthly Magazine_ appeared +under the signature '_George Olaus Borrow_.' Dr. Knapp has recorded that +he found in the Corporation Library at Norwich a book on ancient Danish +Literature, by Olaus Wormius, carrying several marginal notes in Borrow's +handwriting. The suggestion that it was from this book that Borrow +derived the pseudonymous second Christian name which he employed in _The +Monthly Magazine_ is not an unreasonable one. + + P. 245. + +DEATH. [_Perhaps_ '_tis folly_, _but still I feel_] + +Reprinted (under the amended title _Thoughts on Death_, and with some +small textual variations) in _Romantic Ballads_, 1826, pp. 169-170. + +Another version of the same poem was printed (under the title _A Survey +of Death_, the first line reading _My blood is freezing_, _my senses +reel_) in _Mollie Charane and Other Ballads_, 1913, pp. 11-12. + + P. 246. + +MOUNTAIN SONG. [_That pathway before ye_, _so narrow and gray_] + + Pp. 306-309. + +DANISH POETRY AND BALLAD WRITING. A Prose Essay, including, _inter +alia_, the following Ballad: + +SKION MIDDEL. [_The maiden was lacing so tightly her vest_] + +Reprinted, under the amended title _Sir Middel_, the first line reading +"_So tightly was Swanelil lacing her vest_," in _Romantic Ballads_, 1826, +pp. 28-30. + +Another, but widely different, version of this Ballad is printed in +_Child Maidelvold and Other Ballads_, 1913, pp. 5-10. In this latter +version the name of the heroine is Sidselil in place of Swanelil, and +that of the hero is Child Maidelvold in place of Sir Middel. + + Pp. 334-336. + +LENORA. [_When morning's gleam was on the hill_] + + P. 437. + +CHLOE. [_Oh_! _we have a sister on earthly dominions_] + +Reprinted in _Targum_, 1835, pp. 47-48. + +When gathering _Chloe_ into the pages of _Targum_ Borrow very +considerably revised the text. Here is the concluding stanza of each of +the two versions:-- + + 1823 + + _But God shook his sceptre_, _and thunder'd appalling_, + _While winds swept the branches with turbulent sigh_; + _Then trembled the host_, _but they heeded his calling_, + _And bore the sweet maiden_, _yet praying_, _on high_. + "_Ah_, _we had a sister on earthly dominions_!" + _All sung_, _as thro' heaven they joyously trod_, + _And bore_, _with flush'd faces_, _and fluttering pinions_, + _The yet-praying maid to the throne of her God_. + + 1835 + + _Then frown'd the dread father_;_ his thunders appalling_ + _To rattle began_, _and his whirlwinds to roar_; + _Then trembled the host_, _but they heeded his calling_, + _And Chloe up-snatching_, _to heaven they soar_. + _O we had a sister on earthly dominions_! + _They sang as through heaven triumphant they stray'd_, + _And bore with flush'd faces and fluttering pinions_ + _To God's throne of brightness the yet praying maid_. + + P. 437. + +SEA-SONG. [_King Christian stood beside the mast_] + +In 1826 and 1835 the title was changed to _National Song_. + +Borrow published no less than four versions of this _National Song_: + +1. In _The Monthly Magazine_, 1823, p. 437, + +2. In _Romantic Ballads_, 1826, pp. 146-148, + +3. In The Foreign Quarterly Review, 1830, pp. 70-71, + +4. In _Targum_, 1835, pp. 49-50. + +Upon each occasion he practically rewrote the _Song_, so that all four +versions differ completely. As an illustration of these differences I +give the first stanza of each version: + + 1823. + + _King Christian stood beside the mast_, + _In smoke and flame_; + _His heavy cannon rattled fast_ + _Against the Gothmen_, _as they pass'd_: + _Then sunk each hostile sail and mast_ + _In smoke and flame_. + "_Fly_, (_said the foe_,) _fly_, _all that can_, + _For who with Denmark's Christian_ + _Will ply the bloody game_?" + + 1826. + + _King Christian stood beside the mast_ + _Smoke_, _mixt with flame_, + _Hung o'er his guns_, _that rattled fast_ + _Against the Gothmen_, _as they passed_: + _Then sunk each hostile sail and mast_ + _In smoke and flame_. + "_Fly_!"_ said the foe_: "_fly_! _all that can_, + _Nor wage_, _with Denmark's Christian_, + _The dread_, _unequal game_." + + 1830. + + _King Christian by the main-mast stood_ + _In smoke and mist_! + _So pour'd his guns their fiery flood_ + _That Gothmen's heads and helmets bow'd_; + _Their sterns_, _their masts fell crashing loud_ + _In smoke and mist_. + "_Fly_," _cried they_, "_let him fly who can_, + _For who shall Denmark's Christian_ + _Resist_?" + + 1835. + + _King Christian stood beside the mast_ + _In smoke and mist_. + _His weapons_, _hammering hard and fast_, + _Through helms and brains of Gothmen pass'd_. + _Then sank each hostile sail and mast_ + _In smoke and mist_. + "_Fly_," _said the foe_, "_fly all that can_, + _For who can Denmark's Christian_ + _Resist_?" + + P. 438. + +THE ERL KING. [_Who is it that gallops so lat on the wild_!] + + + +(3) _The Monthly Magazine_, Vol. lvii, 1824. + + + P. 235. + +BERNARD'S ADDRESS TO HIS ARMY. [_Freshly blew the morning breeze_] + + P. 335. + +THE SINGING MARINER. [_Who will ever have again_] + +Reprinted in _The Expedition to Birting's Land and Other Ballads_, 1914, +pp. 16-18. + + P. 431. + +THE FRENCH PRINCESS. [_Towards France a maiden went_] + + P. 526. + +THE NIGHTINGALE. [_In midnight's calm hour the Nightingale sings_] + +Reprinted in _The Expedition to Birting's Land and Other Ballads_, 1914, +pp. 19-20. + + + +(4) _The Universal Review_, Vol. i, 1824. + + + P. 391. + +A REVIEW OF _Fortsetzung des Faust Von Goethe_. _Von C. C. L. Schone_. +(_Berlin_.) + + P. 394. + +A REVIEW OF _OElenschlager's Samlede digte_. (_Copenhagen_.) + + Pp. 491-513. + +A REVIEW OF _Narrative of a Pedestrian Journey through Russia and +Siberian Tartary_, _from the Frontiers of China to the Frozen Sea_. _By +Capt. John Dundas_, _R.N._ (_London_, 1824.) + + + +(5) _The Monthly Magazine_, Vol. lviii, 1824-1825. + + + Pp. 19-22. + +DANISH TRADITIONS AND SUPERSTITIONS. A Prose Essay. _Part i_. +Including _inter alia_ the following Ballad: + +WALDEMAR'S CHASE. [_Late at eve they were toiling on Harribee bank_] + +Reprinted in _Romantic Ballads_, 1826, pp. 115-116. + + P. 47. + +WAR-SONG; WRITTEN WHEN THE FRENCH FIRST INVADED SPAIN. [_Arise_, _ye +sons of injur'd Spain_] + + P. 432. + +DANISH SONGS AND BALLADS. No. 1, BEAR SONG. [_The squirrel that's +sporting_] + +Reprinted in _Romantic Ballads_, 1826, pp. 144-145. + + Pp. 498-500. + +DANISH TRADITIONS AND SUPERSTITIONS. A Prose Essay. _Part ii_. + + + +(6) _The Monthly Magazine_, Vol. lix, 1825. + + + Pp. 25-26 and 103-104. + +DANISH TRADITIONS AND SUPERSTITIONS. A Prose Essay. _Parts iii and iv_. + + Pp. 143-144. + +THE DECEIVED MERMAN. [_Fair Agnes left her mother's door_] + +Reprinted (with very considerable changes in the text, the first line +reading "_Fair Agnes alone on the sea-shore stood_") in _Romantic +Ballads_, 1826, pp. 120-123. + +In 1854 Borrow rewrote this Ballad, and furnished it with a new title +_Agnes and the Merman_. The following stanzas taken from each, will +serve to show the difference between the two versions:-- + + 1826. + + _The Merman up to the church door came_; + _His eyes they shone like a yellow flame_; + + _His face was white_, _and his beard was green_-- + _A fairer demon was never seen_. + + "_Now_, _Agnes_, _Agnes_, _list to me_, + _Thy babes are longing so after thee_." + + "_I cannot come yet_, _here must I stay_ + _Until the priest shall have said his say_." + + 1854. + + _In at the door the Merman treads_-- + _Away the images turned their heads_. + + _His face was white_, _his beard was green_, + _His eyes were full of love_, _I ween_. + + "_Hear_, _Agnes_, _hear_! _'tis time for thee_ + _To come to thy home below the sea_." + + "_I cannot come yet_, _I here must stay_, + _Until the priest has said his say_." + + Pp. 308, 411, and 507. + +DANISH TRADITIONS AND SUPERSTITIONS. A Prose Essay. _Parts v_, _vi_, +_and vii_. + + + +(7) _The Monthly Magazine_, Vol. lx, 1825. + + + Pp. 296-297 {291} and 424-425. + +DANISH TRADITIONS AND SUPERSTITIONS. A Prose Essay. _Parts viii and +ix_. + + + +(8) _The Universal Review_, Vol. ii, 1825. + + + Pp. 315-331. + +A REVIEW OF _The Devil's Elixir_; _from the German of Hoffman_. +(_London_, _Cadell_, 2 _vols_.) + + Pp. 550-566. + +A REVIEW OF _Danske Folkesagn_, _Samlede af J. M. Thiele_. +(_Copenhagen_, 1818-1823.) + + + +(9) _The Foreign Quarterly Review_, Vol. vi, No. xi, _June_, 1830, pp. +48-87. + + +A REVIEW OF _Dansk-norsk Litteraturlexicon_, 1818, AND _Den Danske +Digtekunsts Middelalder fra Arrebo til Tullin fremstillet i Academiske +Foreloesinger holdne i Aarene_, 1798-1800. + +A long critical prose article by John Bowring, including, _inter alia_, +the following Ballads by George Borrow:-- + +1. KING OLUF THE SAINT. [_King Oluf and his brother bold_] + +Reprinted in _Queen Berngerd_, _The Bard and the Dreams_, _and Other +Ballads_, 1913, pp. 23-29. + +This is an entirely different Ballad from that which had appeared, under +the title _Saint Oluf_, in _Romantic Ballads_, 1826, pp. 53-57. + +2. THE BROTHER AVENGED. [_I stood before my master's board_] + +Reprinted, with some textual variations, in _The Brother Avenged and +Other Ballads_, 1913, pp. 5-8. + +3. AAGER AND ELIZA. ['_Twas the valiant knight_, _Sir Aager_] + +Previously printed, but with endless variations in the text, in _Romantic +Ballads_, 1826, pp. 47-52, where the first line reads, "_Have ye heard of +bold Sir Aager_." + +As an example of the differences of text to be observed in the two +versions, I give three stanzas of each: + + 1826. + + _Up his mighty limbs he gather'd_, + _Took the coffin on his back_; + _And to fair Eliza's bower_ + _Hasten'd_, _by the well-known track_. + + _On her chamber's lowly portal_, + _With his fingers long and thin_, + _Thrice he tapp'd_, _and bade Eliza_ + _Straightway let her bridegroom in_! + + _Straightway answer'd fair Eliza_, + "_I will not undo my door_ + _Till I hear thee name sweet Jesus_, + _As thou oft hast done before_." + + 1830. + + _Up Sir Aager rose_, _his coffin_ + _Bore he on his bended back_. + _Tow'ds the bower of sweet Eliza_ + _Was his sad and silent track_. + + _He the door tapp'd with his coffin_, + _For his fingers had no skin_; + "_Rise_, _O rise_, _my sweet Eliza_! + _Rise_, _and let thy bridegroom in_." + + _Straightway answer'd fair Eliza_: + "_I will not undo my door_ + '_Till thou name the name of Jesus_, + _Even as thou could'st before_." + + + +4. MORNING SONG. [From eastern quarters now] + + +Reprinted in _The Expedition to Birting's Land_, _and Other Ballads_, +1914, pp. 21-22. + +5. DANISH NATIONAL SONG. [_King Christian by the main-mast stood_] + +Previously printed: + +1. In _The Monthly Magazine_, Vol. lvi, 1823, p. 437. + +2. In _Romantic Ballads_, 1826, pp. 146-148. + +Afterwards reprinted in _Targum_, 1835, pp. 49-50. + +6. THE SEAMAN. [_A seaman with a bosom light_] + +7. SIR SINCLAIR. [_Sir Sinclair sail'd from the Scottish ground_] + +Reprinted in _Targum_, 1835, pp. 51-55. + +8. THORVALD. [_Swayne Tveskieg did a man possess_] + +Reprinted in _Tord of Hafsborough and Other Ballads_, 1914, pp. 11-15. + +9. WHEN I WAS LITTLE. [_There was a time when I was very tiny_] + +10. BIRTH OF CHRIST. [_Each spring_,--_when the mists have abandon'd +the earth_] + +11. TIME'S PERSPECTIVE. [_Through the city sped a youth_] + +12. THE MORNING WALK. [_To the beach grove with so sweet an air_] + +Reprinted in _The Expedition to Birting's Land and Other Ballads_, 1914, +pp. 23-27. + +13. THE ASPEN. [_What whispers so strange at the hour of midnight_] + +14. DAME MARTHA'S FOUNTAIN. [_Dame Martha dwelt at Karisegaard_] + +Reprinted in _Queen Berngerd_, _The Bard and the Dreams_, _and Other +Ballads_, 1913, pp. 13-15. + +15. PETER COLBIORNSEN. ['_Fore Fredereksteen King Carl he lay_] + +Reprinted in _Tord of Hafsborough and Other Ballads_, 1914, pp. 16-20. + +16. THE RUINS OF URANIENBORG. [_Thou by the strand dost wander_] + +Reprinted, but with much textual variation, in _Ellen of Villenskov and +Other Ballads_, 1913, pp. 13-18. + + + +(10.) _The Norfolk Chronicle_, August 18_th_, 1832. + + +A NOTE ON "THE ORIGIN OF THE WORD 'TORY'." + +A short prose article, signed "_George Borrow_," and dated "_Norwich_, +_August_ 6." + + + +(11) _The Athenaeum_, _August_ 20, 1836, pp. 587-588. + + +THE GYPSIES IN RUSSIA AND IN SPAIN. + +Two letters from Borrow, giving an account of his experiences of the +gypsies in Russia and in Spain. + + "All the episodes that he relates he incorporated in _The Bible in + Spain_. The two letters plainly indicate that all the time Borrow + was in Spain his mind was more filled with the subject of the gypsies + than with any other question. He did his work well for the Bible + Society no doubt . . . but there is a humourous note in the fact that + Borrow should have utilised his position as a missionary--for so we + must count him--to make himself thoroughly acquainted with gypsy + folklore, and gypsy songs and dances."--[Shorter, _George Borrow and + his Circle_, p. 240.] + + + +(12) _The Illustrated London News_, _December_ 8_th_, 1855, p. 685. + + +ANCIENT RUNIC STONE, RECENTLY FOUND IN THE ISLE OF MAN. + +Reprinted in _George Borrow and his Circle_, by Clement King Shorter, +1913, pp. 301-303. + + + +(13.) _A Practical Grammar of the Antient Gaelic_. By the Rev. John +Kelly, LL.D. Edited by the Rev. William Gill, 8vo, 1859. + + + p. xi. + +TRANSLATION FROM THE MANX. [_And what is glory_, _but the radiance of a +name_,--] + +Borrow's statement in the closing paragraph (printed _post_, p. 299) of +his Essay on _The Welsh and their Literature_ renders it possible to +place this Translation to his credit. + + p. xix. + +A LETTER FROM BORROW TO THE EDITOR, regarding Manx Ballads. + + + +(14) _ The Quarterly Review_, _January_, 1861, pp. 38-63. + + +THE WELSH AND THEIR LITERATURE. A Prose Essay. + +This Essay was in fact a review, by Borrow himself, of his own work _The +Sleeping Bard_. + + "In the autumn [of 1860] Borrow determined to call attention to it + [_The Sleeping Bard_] himself. He revamped an old article he had + written in 1830, entitled _The Welsh and their Literature_, and sent + it to Mr. Murray for _The Quarterly Review_. . . . The modern + literature and things of Wales were not introduced into the article . + . . and it appeared anonymously in _The Quarterly Review_ for + January, 1861. It is in fact Borrow's own (and the only) review of + _The Sleeping Bard_, which, however, had the decisive result of + selling off the whole edition in a month."--[Knapp's _Life and + Correspondence of George Borrow_, 1899, vol. ii, pp. 195-196.] + +The Manuscript of this Essay, or Review, is not at present forthcoming. +But, fortunately, the MS. of certain paragraphs with which Borrow brought +the Essay to a conclusion, and which the Editor in the exercise of his +editorial function quite properly struck out, have been preserved. The +barefaced manner in which Borrow anonymously praised and advertised his +own work fully justified the Editor's action. I print these paragraphs +below. My principal reason for doing so is this, that the closing lines +afford evidence of Borrow's authorship of other portions of Gill's +Introduction to his Edition of _Kelly's Manx Grammar_, 1859, beyond those +which until now have been attributed to his pen: + + "Our having mentioned _The Romany Rye_ gives us an opportunity of + saying a few words concerning that work, to the merits of which, and + likewise to those of _Lavengro_, of which it is the sequel, adequate + justice has never been awarded. It is a truly remarkable book, + abounding not only with strange and amusing adventure, but with deep + learning communicated in a highly agreeable form. We owe it an + _amende honorable_ for not having in our recent essay on Buddhism + quoted from it some remarkable passages on that superstition, which + are to be found in a conversation between the hero of the tale and + the man in black. Never was the subject of Buddhism treated in a + manner so masterly and original. But the book exhibits what is + infinitely more precious than the deepest learning, more desirable + than the most amusing treasury of adventure, a fearless, honest + spirit, a resolution to tell the truth however strange the truth may + appear to the world. + + "A remarkable proof of this is to be found in what is said in it + respecting the Italians. It is all very well at the present day, + after the miracles lately performed in Italy by her sons, to say that + Italy is the land to which we must look for great men; that it is not + merely the country of singers, fiddlers, _improvisatori_, and + linguists, but of men, of beings who may emphatically be called men. + But who, three or four years ago, would have ventured to say as much? + Why there was one and only one who ventured to say so, and that was + George Borrow in his work entitled _The Romany Rye_. Many other + things equally bold and true he has said in that work, and also in + its predecessor _Lavengro_. + + "In conclusion we wish to give Mr. Borrow a piece of advice, namely, + that with all convenient speed he publish whatever works he has + written and has not yet committed to the press. Life is very + precarious, and when an author dies, his unpublished writings are too + frequently either lost to the world, or presented in a shape which + all but stultifies them. Of Mr. Borrow's unpublished writings there + is a catalogue at the end of _The Romany Rye_, and a most remarkable + catalogue it is, comprising works on all kinds of interesting + subjects. Of these, the one which we are most eager to see is that + which is called _Wild Wales_, which we have no doubt whenever it + appears will be welcomed as heartily as _The Bible in Spain_ was + seventeen years ago, a book which first laid open the mysterious + peninsula to the eyes of the world, and that the book on Wales will + be followed by the one which is called _Wanderings in quest of Manx + Literature_. Now the title alone of that book is worth a library of + commonplace works, for it gives the world an inkling of a thing it + never before dreamed of, namely, that the little Celtic Isle of Man + has a vernacular literature. What a pity if the book itself should + be eventually lost! Here some person will doubtless exclaim, + 'Perhaps the title is all book, and there is no book behind it; what + can Mr. Borrow know of Manx literature?' Stay, friend, stay! A Manx + grammar has just appeared, edited by a learned and highly respectable + Manx clergyman, in the preface to which are some beautiful and highly + curious notices of Manx vernacular Gallic literature, which are, + however, confessedly not written by the learned Manx clergyman, nor + by any other learned Manxman, but by George Borrow, an Englishman, + the author of _The Bible in Spain_ and _The Romany Rye_." + +A number of translations from Welsh Poetry were introduced by Borrow into +this Essay. They were all, as he explained in a footnote, derived from +his projected _Songs of Europe_. With the exception of an occasional +stray couplet, or single line, the following list includes them all:-- + +1. FROM IOLO GOCH'S "ODE TO THE PLOUGH MAN." [_The mighty Hu with mead +would pay_] + +Reprinted, with several changes in the text, in _Wild Wales_, 1862, Vol. +iii, pp. 292-293. + +A further extract from the same _Ode_, "_If with small things we Hu +compare_" etc., is given in a footnote on p. 40. + +2. SAXONS AND BRITONS. [_A serpent that coils_] + +Reprinted (the first line reading _A serpent which coils_) in _Wild +Wales_, 1862, Vol. i, p. 48. + +3. THE DESTINY OF THE BRITONS. [_Their Lord they shall praise_] + +These lines were employed by Borrow in the following year as a motto for +the title-pages of _Wild Wales_. + +4. FROM AN ODE ON LLYWELYN, BY DAFYDD BENFRAS. [_Llywelyn of the potent +hand oft wroght_] + +5. FROM AN ODE ON THE MANSION OF OWEN GLENDOWER, BY IOLO GOCH. [_Its +likeness now I'll limn you out_] + +6. EPIGRAM ON THE RISING OF OWEN GLENDOWER. [_One thousand four +hundred_, _no less and no more_] + +7. FROM AN ODE TO GRIFFITH AP NICHOLAS, BY GWILYM AP IEUAN HEN. +[_Griffith ap Nicholas_! _who like thee_] + +Reprinted in _Wild Wales_, 1862, Vol. iii, p. 327. + +8. EPIGRAM ON A SPIDER. [_From out its womb it weaves with care_] + + + +(15) _Once a Week_, Vol. vi, _January_ 4_th_, 1862, pp. 37-39. + + +BALLADS OF THE ISLE OF MAN. TRANSLATED FROM THE MANX. BY GEORGE BORROW: + +1. BROWN WILLIAM. [_Let no one in greatness too confident be_] + +Reprinted in _Mona Miscellany_, 1869, pp. 67-70. + +Again reprinted (with the prose Introduction considerably curtailed) in +_Brown William_, _The Power of the Harp_, _and Other Ballads_, 1913, pp. +5-11. + +2. MOLLIE CHARANE. [_O_, _Mollie Charane_, _where got you your gold_?] + +Reprinted in _Mollie Charane and Other Ballads_, 1913, pp. 5-7. + + + +(16) _Once a Week_, Vol. vi, _March_ 8_th_, 1862, pp. 289-294. + + +EMELIAN THE FOOL. + +The first of a series of three _Russian Popular Tales_, in Prose, +translated by George Borrow. + +Also printed privately in pamphlet form, as follows:-- + +_Emelian the Fool_ / _A Tale_ / _Translated from the Russian_ / _By_ / +_George Borrow_ / _London_: / _Printed for Private Circulation_ / +1913.--Crown octavo, pp. 37. [See _ante_, Part I, No. 53.] + +The _Tale_ was included in _The Avon Booklet_, Vol. ii, 1904, pp. +175-197. + +Borrow had projected a volume to contain a series of twelve _Russian +Popular Tales_, and this was included among the Works advertised as +"ready for the press" at the end of _The Romany Rye_. + +Unfortunately the project failed to meet with success, and these three +_Tales_ were all that finally appeared. + + + +(17) _Once a Week_, Vol. vi, _May_ 17_th_, 1862, pp. 572-574. + + +THE STORY OF YVASHKA WITH THE BEAR'S EAR. + +The second of a series of _Russian Popular Tales_, in Prose, translated +by George Borrow. + +Reprinted in _The Sphere_, _February_ 1_st_, 1913, p. 136. + +Also printed privately in pamphlet form as follows:-- + +_The Story_ / _of_ / _Yvashka with the Bear's Ear_ / _Translated from the +Russian_ / _By_ / _George Borrow_ / _London_: / _Printed for Private +Circulation_ / 1913. Square demy octavo, pp. 23. [See _ante_, Part I, +No. 26.] + +The _Story_ was also included in _The Avon Booklet_, Vol. ii, 1904, pp. +199-210. + + + +(18) _Once a Week_, Vol. vii, _August_ 2_nd_, 1862, pp. 152-155. + + +HARALD HARFAGR. A DISCOURSE BETWEEN A VALKYRIE AND A RAVEN, &c. [_Ye +men wearing bracelets_] + +Reprinted (under the amended title _The Valkyrie and Raven_) in _The +Nightingale_, _The Valkyrie and Raven_, _and Other Ballads_, 1913, pp. +11-20. + +A Prose Introduction, which preceded the Ballad in _Once a Week_, was not +reprinted in _The Nightingale_, _The Valkyrie and Raven_, _and Other +Ballads_. + +A facsimile (actual size) of a page of the Original Manuscript is given +herewith. + +In _Once a Week_ this Ballad was accompanied by an Illustration, engraved +upon wood, representing the Valkyrie discoursing with the Raven. + + [Picture: Manuscript of Harold Harfagr = The Valkyrie and Raven] + + + +(19) _Once a Week_, Vol. vii, _October_ 4_th_, 1862, pp. 403-406. + + +THE STORY OF TIM. + +The third (and last) of a series of _Russian Popular Tales_, in Prose, +translated by George Borrow. + +Also printed privately in pamphlet form, as follows:-- + +_The Story of Tim_ / _Translated from the Russian_ / _By_ / _George +Borrow_ / _London_: / _Printed for Private Circulation_ / 1913-Crown +octavo, p. 31. [See _ante_, Part I, No. 54.] + +The _Story_ was also included in _The Avon Booklet_, Vol. ii, 1904, pp. +211-229. + + + +(20) _Once a Week_, Vol. viii, _January_ 3_rd_, 1863, pp. 35-36. + + +THE COUNT OF VENDEL'S DAUGHTER. [_Within a bower the womb I left_] + +Reprinted in _The Verner Raven_, _The Count of Vendel's Daughter_, _and +Other Ballads_, 1913, pp. 12-17. + + + +(21) _Once a Week_, Vol. viii, _December_ 12_th_, 1863, p. 686. + + +THE HAIL-STORM; OR, THE DEATH OF BUI. [_All eager to sail_] + +This Ballad differs entirely from those which appeared, under the title +_The Hail-Storm_ only, in _Romantic Ballads_, 1826, pp. 136-138, in +_Targum_, 1835, pp. 42-43, and in _Young Swaigder or The Force of Runes +and Other Ballads_, 1913, pp. 14-15. Each of these three versions +consists of four eight-line stanzas; the present Ballad extends to 84 +lines, arranged in irregular stanzas. + + + +(22) _Benjamin Robert Haydon_: _Correspondence and Table Talk_. By +Frederic Wordsworth Haydon, 1876, Vol. i, pp. 360-361. + + +A LETTER FROM BORROW TO B. R. HAYDON. + +Reprinted in _George Borrow and his Circle_. By Clement King Shorter, +1913, p. 25. + + + +(23) _Life_, _Writings_, _and Correspondence of George Borrow_. By +William I. Knapp, 2 Vols, 1899: + + + Vol. ii, pp. 91-95. + +TALE FROM THE CORNISH. [_In Lavan's parish once of yore_] + +Reprinted (with some small textual revisions) in _Signelil_, _A Tale from +the Cornish_, _and Other Ballads_, 1913, pp. 8-18. + + Vol. ii, p. 238. + +HUNGARIAN GYPSY SONG. [_To the mountain the fowler has taken his way_] + +The two volumes contain, in addition, a considerable number of Letters +and other documents published therein for the first time. + + + +(24) _George Borrow_: _The Man and his Work_. By R. A. J. Walling, 8vo, +1908. + + +SEVERAL LETTERS BY BORROW, ADDRESSED TO DR. [AFTERWARDS SIR JOHN] +BOWRING, + +were printed for the first time in this volume. + + + +(25) _The Life of George Borrow_. By Herbert Jenkins, 8vo, 1912. + + +SEVERAL LETTERS, AND PORTIONS OF LETTERS, BY BORROW, + +were printed for the first time in this volume. + + + +(26) _The Fortnightly Review_, _April_, 1913, pp. 680-688. + + +NINE LETTERS FROM BORROW TO HIS WIFE. + +The letters form a portion of an article by Mr. Clement Shorter, entitled +_George Borrow in Scotland_. + +Eight of these letters had been printed previously in _Letters to his +Wife Mary Borrow_, 1913 [see _ante_, Part I, No. 19]. The remaining +letter was afterwards included in _Letters to his Mother Ann Borrow and +Other Correspondents_, 1913 [see _ante_, Part I, No. 57]. + + + +(27) _George Borrow and his Circle_. By Clement King Shorter, 8vo, +1913. + + +MANY LETTERS BY BORROW, + +together with a considerable number of other important documents, were +first printed in this volume. + + _Note_. + +The various Poems and Prose Articles included in the above list, to which +no reference is appended, have not yet been reprinted in any shape or +form. + + _Query_. + +There exists a galley-proof of a Ballad by Borrow entitled _The Father's +Return_. _From the Polish of Mickiewicz_. The Ballad consists of +twenty-one four-line stanzas, and commences "_Take children your way_, +_for the last time to-day_." This proof is set up in small type, and was +evidently prepared for insertion in some provincial newspaper. This +paper I have not been able to trace. Should its identity be known to any +reader of the present Bibliography I should be grateful for a note of it. + + * * * * * + +*** In _The Tatler_ for _November_ 26, 1913, appeared a short story +entitled _The Potato Patch_. _By G. Borrow_. This story was not by the +Author of _Targum_. '_Borrow_' was a mis-print; the name should have +read '_G. Barrow_.' + + + + +_PART III_. +BORROVIANA: COMPLETE VOLUMES OF BIOGRAPHY AND CRITICISM. + + +(1) + + +George Borrow in / East Anglia / By / William A. Dutt / [_Quotation from +Emerson_] / London / David Nutt, 270-271, Strand / 1896. + +Collation:--Crown octavo, pp. 80. + +Issued in paper boards backed with cloth, with the title-page, slightly +abbreviated, reproduced upon the front cover. Some copies are in +cream-coloured paper wrappers. + + + +(2) + + +Life, Writings, / and Correspondence of / George Borrow / Derived from +Official and other / Authentic Sources / By William I. Knapp, Ph.D., +LL.D. / Author and Editor of French and Spanish Text-Books / Editor of +"Las Obras de Boscan," "Diego de Mendoza," etc. / And late of Yale and +Chicago Universities / With Portrait and Illustrations / In Two Volumes / +Vol. I. [Vol. II.] / London / John Murray, Albemarle Street / New York: +G. P. Putnam's Sons / 1899. + +Collation:--Demy octavo: + +Vol. I. pp. xx + 402. + +Vol. II. pp. x + 406, with an inserted slip carrying a List of _Errata_ +for both Volumes. + +Issued in dull green cloth boards, gilt lettered. + + + +(3) + + +George Borrow / The Man and his Work / By / R. A. J. Walling / Author of +"A Sea Dog of Devon" / Cassell and Company, Limited / London, Paris, New +York, Toronto and Melbourne / MCMVIII. + +Collation:--Crown octavo, pp. xii + 356. + +Issued in dull red cloth boards, gilt lettered. + +Several Letters from Borrow to Dr. [afterwards Sir John] Bowring were +first printed in this volume. + + + +(4) + + +George Borrow / Von / Dr. Bernhard Blaesing. / Berlin / Emil Ebering / +1910. + +Collation:--Royal octavo, pp. 78. + +Issued in mottled-grey paper wrappers, with the title-page reproduced +upon the front. + + + +(5) + + +Cymmrodorion / Society's / Publications. / George Borrow's Second / Tour +in Wales. / By / T. C. Cantrill, B.Sc., / and / J. Pringle. / From "Y +Cymmrodor," Vol. xxii. {313} / London: Issued by the Society, / New Stone +Buildings, 64, Chancery Lane. + +Collation:--Demy octavo, pp. 11, without title-page, the title, as above, +appearing upon the front wrapper only. + +Issued (in _April_, 1911) in bright green paper wrappers, with the title +in full upon the front. + + + +(6) + + +George Borrow / The Man and his Books / By / Edward Thomas / Author of / +"The Life of Richard Jefferies," "Light and / Twilight," "Rest and +Unrest," "Maurice / Maeterlinck," Etc. / With Portraits and Illustrations +/ London / Chapman & Hall, Ltd. / 1912. + +Collation:--Demy octavo, pp. xii + 333 + viii. + +Issued in deep mauve coloured cloth boards, gilt lettered. + + + +(7) + + +The Life of / George Borrow / Compiled from Unpublished / Official +Documents, his / Works, Correspondence, etc. / By Herbert Jenkins / With +a Frontispiece in Photogravure, and / Twelve other Illustrations / London +/ John Murray, Albemarle Street, W. / 1912. + +Collation:--Demy octavo, pp. xxvi [misnumbered xxviii] + 496. + +Issued in bright green cloth boards, gilt lettered. A _Second Edition_ +appeared in 1913. + + + +(8) + + +George / Borrow / A Sermon preached in / Norwich Cathedral on / July 6, +1913 / By / H. C. Beeching, D.D., D.Litt. / Dean of Norwich / London / +Jarrold & Sons / Publishers. + +Collation:--Crown octavo, pp. 12. + +Issued in drab paper wrappers, with the title-page reproduced upon the +front, the words _Threepence Net_ being added at foot. + + + +(9) + + +Souvenir / of the / George Borrow / Celebration / Norwich, July 5th, 1913 +/ By / James Hooper / Prepared and Published for / the Committee / +Jarrold & Sons / Publishers / London and Norwich. + +Collation:--Royal octavo, pp. 48, with a Portrait-Frontispiece, and +twenty-four Illustrations and Portraits. + +Issued in white pictorial paper wrappers, with trimmed edges. + + + +(10) + + +Catalogue of the Exhibition / Commemorative of George Borrow / Author of +"Lavengro" etc. held / at the Norwich Castle Museum. / July, 1913. / +Price 3_d._ + +Collation:--Post octavo, pp. 12. + +Issued wire-stitched, without wrappers, and with trimmed edges. + + + +(11) + + +George Borrow / and his Circle / Wherein may be found many / hitherto +Unpublished Letters / of Borrow and his Friends / By / Clement King +Shorter / Hodder and Stoughton / London New York Toronto / 1913. + +Collation:--Square octavo, printed in half-sheets, pp. xix + 450; with a +Portrait of Borrow as Frontispiece, and numerous other Illustrations. + +Issued in dark crimson paper boards, backed with buckram, gilt lettered. + +There are several variations in this edition as compared with one +published simultaneously in America by Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin & Co. of +Cambridge, Mass. These variations are connected with Borrow's attitude +towards the British and Foreign Bible Society, Mr. Shorter having taken +occasion to pass some severe strictures upon the obvious cant which +characterised the Bible Society in its relations with Borrow. These +strictures, although supported by ample quotations from unpublished +documents, the London publishers, being a semi-religious house, persuaded +the author to cancel. + + + +(12) + + +A / Bibliography / of / The Writings in Prose and Verse / of / George +Henry Borrow / By / Thomas J. Wise / London: / Printed for Private +Circulation only / By Richard Clay & Sons, Ltd. / 1914. + +Collation:--Foolscap quarto, pp. xxii + 316, with Sixty-nine facsimiles +of Title-pages and Manuscripts. + +Issued in bright green paper boards, lettered across the back, and with +the title-page reproduced upon the front. One hundred copies only were +printed. + + LONDON: + PRINTED FOR PRIVATE CIRCULATION ONLY + BY RICHARD CLAY & SONS, LTD. + 1914. + + + + +Footnotes: + + +{0a} The majority of the Manuscripts of Ballads written in or about 1829 +are upon paper watermarked with the date 1828. The majority of the +Manuscripts of Ballads written in or about 1854 are upon paper +watermarked with the date 1852. + +{0b} Among the advertisements at the end of _The Romany Rye_, 1857, +three works (1) _Celtic Bards_, _Chiefs_, _and Kings_, (2) _Songs of +Europe_, and (3) _Koempe Viser_, were announced as 'ready for the Press'; +whilst a fourth, _Northern Skalds_, _Kings_, _and Earls_, was noted as +'unfinished.' + +{0c} No doubt a considerable number of the Ballads prepared for the +_Songs of Scandinavia_ in 1829, and surviving in the Manuscripts of that +date, were actually composed during the three previous years. The +production of the complete series must have formed a substantial part of +Borrow's occupation during that "veiled period," the mists surrounding +which Mr. Shorter has so effectually dissipated. + +{0d} "What you have written has given me great pleasure, as it holds out +hope that I may be employed usefully to the Deity, to man, and to +myself."--[_From Borrow's letter to the Rev. J. Jowett_.] + + "Our Committee stumbled at an expression in your letter of yesterday + . . . at which a humble Christian might not unreasonably take + umbrage. It is where you speak of becoming '_useful to the Deity_, + _to man_, _and to yourself_.' Doubtless you meant _the prospect of + glorifying God_."--[_From the Rev. J. Jowett's reply_.] + + "The courier and myself came all the way without the slightest + accident, my usual wonderful good fortune accompanying us."--[_From + Borrow's letter to the Rev. A. Brandram_.] + + "You narrate your perilous journey to Seville, and say at the + beginning of the description '_my usual wonderful good fortune + accompanying us_.' This is a mode of speaking to which we are not + accustomed, it savours of the profane."--[_From the Rev. A. + Brandram's reply_.] + +{12} In the majority of the extant copies of the book this List is not +present. + +{23} The name of the ship. + +{85} These preliminary pages are misnumbered viii-xx, instead of +vi-xviii. + +{132} A reduced facsimile of the first page of the Manuscript of _The +King's Wake_ will be found facing page 136. + +{161} Facing the following page will be found a reduced facsimile of the +first page of the Manuscript of _Ingeborg's Disguise_. + +{199} A reduced facsimile of the first page of the original Manuscript +of _Ingefred and Gudrune_ will be found facing page 200. + +{268} The Manuscript of this poem is in the possession of Mr. J. A. +Spoor, of Chicago, to whose courtesy I was indebted for the loan of it +when editing the present pamphlet. + +{291} Pages 296 and 297 are misnumbered 216 and 217. + +{313} _Y Cymmrodor_, vol. xxii, 1910, pp. 160-170. + + + + +Notes on the Project Gutenberg Transcription + + +In the original book the facsimiles occupy a full page and do not carry a +page number. In each the verso of the page is blank. In both cases the +page counts towards the page number, which is why there are gaps in the +page numbering. + +The inset nature of the facsimiles also means that in the book they break +the flow of the text and are sometimes not even in the section to which +they belong. In the transcription they have usually been moved to the +end of the section to which they belong. Their original page position is +given by their filename (e.g. p304.jpg was originally on page 304). + +On page 48 in the paragraph starting "_Targum_ was written by Borrow", +the "but a small proportion" is as in the book, but should probably be +"but only", or "with". + +On page 87 the book has "One of these is now, in the possession . . ." + +On page 136 the book has no full-stop at the end of "_To the ears of the +Queen in her bed it rang_". + +On page 144 "Edition limited to Thirty Copies" has no closing quote. + +On page 231 "Edition limited to Thirty Copies" has no closing quote. + +On page 253 the full-stop is missing after "reproduced upon the front." + +On page 287 for "Freshly blew" the book has "Freshl blew". + +The original book also had an errata which has been applied. The +original errors were: + +On page 86 the paragraph beginning "Issued in dark blue cloth boards..." +originally read: + + Issued in dark blue cloth boards, with white paper back-labels, + lettered "_Borrow's_ / _Gypsies_ / _of_ / _Spain_. / _Two Volumes_. / + _Vol. i_. [_Vol. ii_.]." The leaves measure 7.75 x 4.875 inches. + The edition consisted of 3,000 Copies. The published price was + 30_s._ + +On page 297 the book read "which Lockhart in the exercise of his +editorial", "fully justified Lockhart's action". + + + +***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE WRITINGS IN +PROSE AND VERSE OF GEORGE HENRY BORROW*** + + +******* This file should be named 25939.txt or 25939.zip ******* + + +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: +http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/2/5/9/3/25939 + + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +http://www.gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS', WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/pglaf. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at http://www.gutenberg.org/about/contact + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. +To donate, please visit: +http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart is the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + http://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. + |