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diff --git a/25890.txt b/25890.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cc41605 --- /dev/null +++ b/25890.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2370 @@ +Project Gutenberg's Buchanan's Journal of Man, April 1887, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Buchanan's Journal of Man, April 1887 + Volume 1, Number 3 + +Author: Various + +Editor: J. R. Buchanan + +Release Date: June 24, 2008 [EBook #25890] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BUCHANAN'S JOURNAL OF MAN *** + + + + +Produced by Barbara Tozier, Bill Tozier and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net + + + + + + BUCHANAN'S + JOURNAL OF MAN. + +VOL. I. APRIL, 1887. NO. 3. + + + + +CONTENTS OF JOURNAL OF MAN. + + + Psychometry: The Divine Science + A Modern Miracle-Worker + Human Longevity + Justice to the Indians + MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE--Anatomy of the Brain; Mesmeric Cures; + Medical Despotism; The Dangerous Classes; Arbitration; Criticism + on the Church; Earthquakes and Predictions + Chapter II. Of Outlines of Anthropology; Structure of the Brain + Business Department, College of Therapeutics + + + + +PSYCHOMETRY: THE DIVINE SCIENCE. + + +It is presumed that every reader of these pages has some knowledge of +this subject, either by reading the "Manual of Psychometry" or +otherwise, and has at least read the "Introduction to the JOURNAL OF +MAN" on our cover pages. + +It is not of the directly practical bearings of Psychometry that I +would speak at present, but of its imperial rank among sciences, +entitling it to the post of honor. + +In all human affairs, that takes the highest rank which has the +greatest controlling and guiding power. The king, the statesman, the +hero, the saintly founder of a religion, the philosopher that guides +the course of human thought, and the scientist who gives us a greater +command of nature, are the men whom we honor as the ministers of +destiny. + +When we speak of science, we accord the highest rank to that which +gives the greatest comprehension of the world as it is--of its past +and of its future. Geology and astronomy are the sciences which reach +out into the illimitable alike in the present and past. Biology will +do the same for the world of life when biology is completed by a +knowledge of the centre of all life, the brain. But in its present +acephalous condition it is but a fragment of science--a headless +corpse, unfit to rank among complete sciences. Theology claims the +highest rank of all, but based as it has been on the conceptions +current in the dark ages, it has become, in the light of modern +science, a crumbling ruin. Does psychometry compare with astronomy and +geology in its scientific rank, or does it compare with the acephalous +biology, which occupies all medical colleges? + +It compares with neither. Like astronomy, it borders on the limitless; +like geology, it reaches into the vast, undefined past; and like +biology, it comprehends all life science; but unlike each, it has no +limitation to any sphere. It is equally at home with living forms and +with dead matter--equally at home in the humbler spheres of human life +and human infirmity, and in the higher spheres of the spirit world, +which we call heaven. It grasps all of biology, all of history, all of +geology and astronomy, and far more than telescopes have revealed. It +has no parallel in any science, for sciences are limited and defined +in their scope, while psychometry is unlimited, transcending far all +that collegians have called science, and all that they have deemed the +limits of human capacities, for in psychometry the divinity in man +becomes apparent, and the intellectual mastery of all things lifts +human life to a higher plane than it has ever known before. + +Psychometry is therefore in its nature and scope not classifiable +among the sciences, since it reaches out above and beyond all, in a +higher and broader sphere, and hence may truly be called the Divine +science, for it is the expression of the Divine element in man. +Wherein is Divine above human knowledge? And wherein is human above +animal knowledge and understanding? The superiority in each case +consists in a deeper and more interior comprehension of that which is, +which realizes in the present the potentiality of the future, enabling +us to act for future results and accomplish whatever is possible to +our powers. That forecast, that comprehension through the present of +that which is to be, constitutes foresight,--the essential element of +wisdom; and in its grander manifestations it appears as prophecy. +Prophecy, then, is the noblest aspect of psychometry; and if this +prophetic power can be cultivated to its maximum possibilities, there +is no reason why it should not become the guiding power of each +individual life, and the guiding power for the destiny of nations. +Moreover, in its prophetic role its superiority of rank is manifest, +since it is then the instructor of all hearers,--the revealer of that +in which they readily confess their ignorance. + +Hence it was that St. Paul especially recommended the cultivation of +prophecy as the most sacred and Divine of all religious exercises, +saying, in 1 Corinthians xiv. 21-25: "If therefore the whole church be +come together into one place, and all speak with tongues, and there +come in those who are unlearned or unbelievers, will they not say ye +are mad? But _if all prophesy_, and there come in one that believeth +not, or one unlearned, he is convinced of all, he is judged of all: +and thus are the secrets of his heart made manifest; and so falling +down on his face, he will worship God, and report that God is in you +of a truth." This is a description of a congregation in which all are +developed up to a psychometric and spiritual condition in which the +truths of religion and the ministry of angels may have full power. + +Wherever the highest order of religious sentiment is in active +operation, prophecy becomes one of its results. It was so in Jewish +history, and has been so in many eventful periods since. + +George Fox had the most exalted religious sentiment of his time, and +he had an eminently prophetic mind. All nations have had prophetic +minds and well-attested prophecies. Egypt and India, Greece, Rome, +France, England, and America, have their recorded prophecies, and in +the height of ancient civilization prophecy commanded sufficient +respect to influence the course of public events. Cicero expressed the +general intelligence of the ancients in recognizing prophecy as a +power of the human soul. + +Modern materialism has ignored all this, and one of the noblest works +to-day for a man of genius whose mind is sufficiently vigorous to +throw off the trammels of collegiate ignorance and fashionable +conservatism, would be to produce a volume upon prophecy, in which its +vast historic development should be sketched. + +The limitations of the JOURNAL OF MAN do not permit me to introduce +this historic matter which would be sufficient to exclude everything +else from its pages, and I would merely refer to an almost forgotten +example of the intuitive and prescient faculty connected with the +introduction of Universalism into this country. + +A worthy and pious farmer on the seacoast of Delaware, named Potter, +built a church at his own expense, but having an advanced idea of the +Divine benevolence, he could never find any preacher whose doctrines +suited him. Nevertheless he was profoundly convinced that such a +preacher would be sent to realize his hopes, and was not discouraged +by the disbelief of his neighbors. His anticipation was strangely +fulfilled. Rev. John Murray, almost crazed by the death of his wife, +sailed from England for America in 1770, intending to abandon the +pulpit entirely. The vessel put in at Philadelphia instead of New +York, and as the stage for New York had left, Mr. Murray concluded to +remain on the vessel and go to New York that way. But on the voyage +they got lost in the fog, and got into Cranberry Inlet in a dangerous +position. They went ashore, being out of provisions, and found a +country tavern. Mr. Murray strolled along the coast, intending to get +fish for the crew, and fell into company with Farmer Potter, who had a +supply, and who at once told him, to his astonishment, that he was +glad to meet him, and had been looking for him a long time. Potter +decided at once that this was the minister he had been looking for, +and of whom he had often spoken when telling his neighbors, "God will +send me a preacher of a very different stamp from those who have +heretofore preached in my house; that God who has put it into my heart +to build this house will send one who shall deliver to me His own +truth, who shall speak of Jesus Christ and His salvation." Potter +briefly sketched his own life and said: + +"The moment I beheld your vessel on shore, it seemed as if a voice had +suddenly sounded in my ears: 'There, Potter, in that vessel cast away +on that shore is the preacher you have been so long expecting.' I +heard the voice and I believed the report; and when you came up to my +door and asked for the fish, the same voice seemed to repeat, 'Potter, +this is the man, this is the person whom I have sent to preach in your +house.'" + +Murray says: "I was astonished, immeasurably astonished at Mr. +Potter's narrative, but yet I had not the smallest idea that it could +ever be realized. I requested to know what he could discover in my +appearance which could lead him to mistake me for a preacher." "What," +said he, "could I discover when you were in the vessel that could +induce this conclusion? No sir, it is not what I saw or see, but what +I feel, which produces in my mind a full conviction." "But, my dear +sir, you are deceived, indeed you are deceived. I shall never preach +in this place nor anywhere else." + +Potter maintained that he had preached and that he would preach in his +church, and that the wind would not allow him to leave until he had. +To shorten the story, Murray at last yielded and preached in that +church, of which we have a picture in his biography. He had a great +fear of giving out the doctrine of universal salvation, expecting +universal denunciation of himself by the clergy and their followers, +but he went on from this beginning and established Universalism in +America. + +In this instance it is evident that Potter was of a spiritual +temperament, and was indebted to a spirit influence for his +impressions and convictions. But whatever is possible to the +disembodied spirit in the intellectual way is also possible to the +embodied spirit which has not lost its material body, if the interior +faculties are well developed and prophecy does not require supernal +aid. In innumerable cases mesmeric subjects, in their somniloquent +condition, have made most accurate predictions in reference to their +own cases and others, which have been accurately verified. There is +probably no good clairvoyant physician who has not often made +successful predictions concerning patients. + +In the daily practice of psychometry, Mrs. Buchanan, of whose powers +the "Manual of Psychometry" gives a fair idea, is accustomed in +speaking of the present to feel impressions of the past and the +future. In reference to public men she has spoken in advance of their +election or defeat, their policy and their death. She spoke +prophetically of the election of Cleveland and the defeat of Blaine, +of the deaths of Disraeli and Garibaldi, of the career of Gladstone +and his becoming "the best friend of Ireland;" and when Ireland was +believed to be on the brink of a bloody revolution or rebellion, she +announced that no such outbreak would occur, but that at the end of +two years Ireland would be pacified and quiet. At the end of two years +this was verified, for the magistrates commented on the fact at that +time that there were fewer crimes of violence before them than had +been customary. + +I have learned to rely on this prescience, and in reference to public +men and public affairs, when they interested me, have satisfied my +curiosity by the psychometric method. + +For twelve months past the newspaper press and the statesmen of Europe +and America have been continually agitated by apprehensions of a great +European war, and have made numerous estimates of the power of +belligerents and the result of the contest. France and Germany have +been expected to engage in a fatal conflict, and even a noted public +medium has fallen in with these ideas and predicted a coming war this +year. + +I have kept the record of public opinion, and from time to time have +invoked the aid of psychometry, which has dissipated every fear and +contradicted all the pessimistic notions of politicians and newspaper +correspondents down to the present time. + +On the 26th of January I recorded the psychometric impressions, again +in February, and again on the 11th of March. The psychometer answers +questions or discusses subjects by impression alone, not knowing what +is under her hand, but expressing what arises in her mind. The first +impression, January 26, was as follows: + +"It looks misty, but the finale looks bright. The result of this, +whatever it is, will be a grand success or achievement--good will +result. There is a dissatisfaction or rivalry on a very large +scale--very momentous--is it war? There is agitation and blustering." + +_Q._--How will it be in the summer? + +"There will not be war. There is a growing contention, like growling, +angry dogs; they may keep up growling for a year, but it will be +nothing; there will be good coming out of it--a better understanding; +this experience will elevate the views of the people; they will see +the folly, and not be so belligerent. _There will be no war_ this +summer." + +What was the drift of opinion, however, as shown by the press? The +correspondent of the New York _Sun_ said: "Everybody talks of war as a +sure thing which must soon appear somewhere. The work of getting ready +for the fray, of which I have often sent details, goes steadily on." +M. Thibaudin "hopes for peace, as do all other diplomats trained and +admired for their ability to say what they don't think; and finally he +announces that France is ready to fight whenever the time comes." +January 29 he writes: "The _Daily News_ war scare which shook us up +early in the week seems not to have exhausted its disquieting +influence yet." "France and Germany are looked upon as certain to lead +off the ball, and Germany, it is generally thought, will be found at +the head of the set and take the initiative. Preparations for a big +fight continue in every direction." "Russia, if we can believe the +tales from that unreliable country, is quietly making preparations on +a tremendous scale to have her paw fall heavily on somebody." + +The French _Revue des Deux Mondes_ said about this time that a war +between France and Germany would almost inevitably lead to a general +European war, on a scale such as the world has never before seen. + +The Russian _Viedomosti_ of February 5 said: "No compromise is +possible between Russia and Austria concerning Eastern affairs, +without detriment to Russia and the Eastern races. German intervention +is useless, and will only create hostility between Russia and +Germany." + +The Boston _Herald_ correspondent of February 5, said of France and +Germany: "Now both are counted as among the most civilized and most +humanitarian on the face of the globe, and yet the _certainty of war_ +between the two hereditary enemies on either side of the Rhine is _as +certain as anything can be_. When it comes, be it sooner or later, one +of the two adversaries is inevitably condemned, if not to total +annihilation, at least to such a crushing punishment that for many +long years the defeated power will be little more than a geographical +expression on modern maps." His letter concluded with an elaborate +statement of the military resources and condition of the two nations, +which approximate an equality in the aggregate. + +A Paris dispatch of the same date said that "Prince Bismarck has +succeeded in establishing a coalition between Austria, England, and +Italy against Russia. Germany will join the coalition if France +supports Russia." + +The New York _Sun_ of February 7, said: "We suppose there is no +subject which just now is more earnestly discussed among intelligent +Americans than the probable result of the war between France and +Germany which is believed to be approaching. France ought by this time +to have outstripped her enemy in point of military efficiency. She has +laid out since 1871 nearly twice as much on her permanent armament, +and she devotes nearly twice as much to the current military expenses +of each year. She has maintained a larger peace establishment, and she +should have it in her power to bring to the field a larger number of +soldiers who have served under the colors." + +February 10 the Paris correspondent of the Berlin _Post_ said that +General Boulanger was growing in popularity, and "is regarded by the +masses as the long-expected liberator. The whole country is anxious +for _revanche_ [revenge], and is arming silently, but with the evident +belief that the hour is coming." To add to the growing hostility, the +_Post_ quotes from the Paris _Figaro_ an article imputing the grossest +immorality to German women. + +At the same date, the Buda Pesth _Journal_ urged Austria to attack +Russia before the latter has completed her preparations on the lower +Danube. It said: "_War is inevitable_, and it is better to begin +fighting before the Balkan states have been Russianized." + +Senor Castillo, the Spanish minister of the interior, said that Spain +had taken steps to augment her defences and protect her colonies, in +view of the possible European war. + +February 12 a despatch to the London _News_ from St. Petersburg said: +"Ominous fears of a European war prevail here. It is announced that +German colonists in the Caucasus have been notified to hold themselves +in readiness to return to Germany and join the reserves." + +At the same date the _North German Gazette_ said that since General +Boulanger had assumed charge of the French war office not a day had +passed without measures being taken to augment the offensive strength +of the army, and there were constant movements of troops upon the +frontiers. + +February 19 the news was still more alarming at Berlin. Work was going +on night and day on the fortifications at Verdun and Belfort. "All +commerce has been suspended at Metz, excepting in food. The +inhabitants are storing their houses from cellar to garret." A Russian +paper of that date said, "Existing circumstances admit of no delay." + +At Vienna, February 18, it was announced that "a semi-official letter +from St. Petersburg represents that Russia is waiting for a +Franco-German conflict, _which she considers inevitable_, to realize +her own Balkan projects. Russia would consider it to be to her own +interest not to allow Germany to be victorious." + +February 19 Senator Beck at Washington referred to an extract from a +late speech of Count von Moltke before the German Reichstag, to show +that _war is inevitable_. + +February 27 the London despatch to the _Boston Herald_ said: "Within +the last forty-eight hours confidence in the maintenance of peace has +visibly lessened." + +About the same time in Russian government circles the conviction was +said to be gaining ground that a Franco-German war was inevitable, and +that it would be for the interest of Russia to save France from +disaster. + +March 6 the _North German Gazette_ said that the Alsace elections had +strengthened the war party in France. War seems to have been the +general anticipation of military men. General Wolseley (February 26) +is reported to have said: "I feel sure that a vast, appalling war is +certainly in the near future; but this, indeed, everybody may be said +to know." + +But "everybody" is as liable to be mistaken on questions of futurity +as on questions of philosophy and religion, on which the multitude +called "everybody" has been largely mistaken ever since the earliest +periods known to history. "Everybody" is generally pessimistic, apt to +be superstitious, and never philosophic. A single good psychometric +perception is worth much more than Mr. Everybody's opinion, whether +upon national policy, personal character, historical truth, or medical +science. + +The psychometric opinion is the opposite of that of General Wolseley +and Senator Beck, for the psychometric soul is in the calm sphere of +truth, in which the passions have no deceiving power. I have already +published in the "Manual of Psychometry" the prediction of universal +peace at the end of five years from the prophecy, and I now repeat the +statement that great Franco-German war is but the fantasy of passion +and fear. The last psychometric expression, March 11, confirms the +uniform statements heretofore. Upon the question "What of the war in +Europe?" this was the impression: + +"This seems a question of occurrences. I seem to disagree with other +people on this question. It does not seem to me that it will occur. If +there are any prognostications, they are _intensified_. The result +will not be what is predicted. There is something like a foreshadowing +that might cause a prediction, but it will pass over. There is a good +deal of agitation and concern, but nothing will occur this year as +apprehended. I feel that it will all subside, and a picture of +brightness and a clear sky appears. The fire will burn out; the +boiling caldron which sends up steam will be quiet; _a peaceful time +is coming_." + +When the JOURNAL shall have a little more space, for _it must be +enlarged_, and psychometry is a little better understood, I propose to +establish a prophetic department, and speak to my readers of coming +events. + + + + +(From the _Pall Mall Gazette_, London, Jan. 12.) + +A MODERN MIRACLE WORKER. + +AN INTERVIEW WITH MR. GEORGE MILNER STEPHEN. + + +Every one knows Sir James Fitzjames Stephen; most people have heard of +Mr. Leslie Stephen--the two most distinguished members of the Stephen +family resident in this country. The Stephen clan, however, is +widespread, and there are eminent Stephens scattered all over the +world. "Any Stephen," said Mr. Froude in his "Oceanea," "could not +fail to be interesting." Sir Alfred Stephen, the deputy governor of +New South Wales, is declared by Mr. Froude to be regarded as the +greatest Australian, by nine out of every ten of the people of Sydney. +But the judicial renown of Fitzjames, the literary fame of Leslie, and +the colonial reputation of Sir Alfred, all pale their ineffectual +fires before the marvellous claims of George Milner Stephen, across +whom Mr. Froude stumbled in New Zealand, and who has now turned up +unexpectedly in London. He is, as Mr. Froude said, a very noticeable +person. In fact, he is a thaumaturgist of the first order. While his +relatives in the old country have devoted all the energy of their +intellect to demonstrate the absurdity of all the superstitions built +upon any arbitrary interference with the invariable laws of nature, +their kinsman George Milner suddenly displays at the antipodes a gift +of healing which, if the veracious records of colonial and American +newspapers can be relied upon, rivals the most famous exploits of +apostolic times. Not, indeed, that George Milner has yet raised the +dead to life. That is beyond his powers. But all the minor marvels, +such as making the blind to see, the deaf to hear, the dumb to speak, +and the lame to walk, are accomplished by him in the ordinary course +of his daily practice. Although this miracle-working Stephen is a +physician whose patients are healed by the touch, he is nevertheless a +physician practising the healing art like other eminent +authorities--for the prescribed fee of the ordinary medical +practitioners. The only difference is that whereas the ordinary +physician attends his patient daily for weeks and sometimes months, +Mr. Stephen's course, if a course at all, ends at the latest in three +visits, and the charges, therefore, are correspondingly low. Two +guineas for consultation fee, one guinea each subsequent visit, or +four guineas at the outside, are to be regarded as his retaining fee; +but in those cases--and they are said to constitute a large proportion +of those submitted to him--in which he effects a complete cure he +naturally expects to be remembered by the grateful patient whom he has +restored to health. This, however, by the way. In response to an +invitation to the _Pall Mall Gazette_ office, Mr. George Milner +Stephen described to a member of our staff with much detail the nature +of his work. It is a sufficiently marvelous story to arouse attention, +even on the part of the incredulous; and the unbelieving authorities +owe it to the public to institute a series of investigations into +their relative's claims, in order that he may either be claimed as the +master healer of his age, or summarily prosecuted as a rogue and +vagabond, who is obtaining money under false pretences. It is +monstrous that a gentleman of his rank and position should be allowed +to go at large, making such enormous claims of quasi-supernatural +powers, without having them promptly brought to the most rigorous of +scientific tests. + +Mr. George Milner Stephen is a man of wide and varied culture, of +great experience in affairs, and has spent his life in public service +of the most varied kind. Brought up to the bar, he has been a trained +lawyer all his life. He has been acting-governor of South Australia; +he refused the colonial secretaryship of New Zealand; he has been +official draftsman for the colony of Victoria; he has held the balance +of power in more than one colony; and in the colony of New South +Wales, at the time when he suddenly discovered his miraculous powers, +he was leading counsel on circuit, and in receipt of one of the +largest professional incomes of any lawyer at the antipodes. Nor was +his training solely colonial. He had repeatedly visited England, and +had been called to our bar. He takes a keen interest in mineralogical +science, and in the course of his career has exhibited on more than +one occasion great personal bravery and indomitable nerve. That such a +man, so highly connected, so carefully trained, with the intellect of +a lawyer and the experience of a statesman, should be in our midst +claiming to be endowed with the gift of healing spoken of in the New +Testament as vouchsafed to the Christians of apostolic times, is a +portent indeed, and one well worthy of the attentive consideration of +the most sceptical among us. + +"It was six and a half years ago," said Mr. Stephen in reply to a +question, "that I first discovered that I possessed this gift of +healing--it was by pure accident. A friend who suffered from deafness +jokingly appealed to me to give him back his hearing. I, also in joke, +made some passes over his head, when to my utter astonishment I +discovered that his deafness disappeared. One experiment of this kind +led to another, and in a short time I found myself overwhelmed with +patients of high and low degree, begging me to heal them of their +diseases. For three months after the discovery of my gift the sudden +influx of patients who would not be denied left me no time to attend +to my practice; and, willy nilly, I was compelled to give up the law +and take to medicine--if you may call by the name of medicine a +profession in which no medicine is given." + +"Then do you use no medicine at all?" + +"None whatever. The nearest approach to medicine that I ever gave to a +patient is a little magnetized ointment--that is, camphorated lard, +and a little magnetized oil. But it is only occasionally that I use +these. Neither do I use passes, although it was by the use of passes +that I first discovered that I possessed this gift." + +"But how do you proceed?" + +"Variously. Sometimes I lay my hand upon the part affected; at other +times I breathe into the eye, ear, or mouth of the patient. Then, +again, on other occasions I am able to banish the disease by a mere +word or gesture." + +"Are you a mesmerist or a magnetic healer?" + +"Mesmerist I am not; for mesmerism implies the throwing of the patient +into a mesmeric sleep. Neither am I a magnetist, properly so called, +for there is no outgoing of magnetism from my body when I am healing. +The ordinary magnetist admits that he cannot cure more than four +persons per diem; I have cured as many as thirty, and beyond the +weariness caused by standing, I have been no worse at the end than at +beginning." + +"How do you explain these miracles?" + +"I don't call them miracles. They are marvels, and I cannot explain +them. All that I know is that I have gone through the Australian +colonies, New Zealand, and many of the States in America, and that +wherever I have gone the same effect followed. At my touch, diseases +and defects declared incurable by the first physicians of the faculty, +disappear. I remember well healing Sir James Martin, the chief justice +of New South Wales. Six years ago he was given up by the doctors and +declared to be dying, breathing with great difficulty, and hardly able +to speak without pain. I laid my hand upon his chest, and in a few +minutes all difficulty of breathing disappeared, he was able to speak +freely, and in a short time he had completely recovered. He resumed +his seat upon the bench, and remained a hale, active man till his +death, which occurred just the other day. That is only one case out of +many." + +"How many?" + +"I think I have been the means of healing about 30,000 patients in the +six and a half years during which I have devoted my time to the work. +Of course many of those patients were suffering from diseases which +might have been cured by ordinary means. Others were declared to be +incurable." + +"Declared to be incurable by whom?" + +"By the chief physicians in the colonies. I have in my +pocket"--producing the papers as he spoke--"certificates signed by the +witnesses, attested sometimes by magistrates, and at other times by +ministers of religion and colonial ministers, that the person named in +the certificate has received instantaneous relief by my touch. Here is +one in which a person stone-blind from birth received sight when I +blew into his eyes." + +"Then do you cure all diseases?" + +"Certainly not. There are many things which I cannot do. I cannot +raise the dead, nor can I restore an arm which has been cut off, a +joint which has been excised, or an eye which has been destroyed. When +there has been complete destruction of any important organ I cannot +effect a cure; but when destruction of the organ has not been +complete, I am frequently able to effect a cure in cases which the +regular faculty have given up as utterly hopeless." + +"Take cancer, for instance: can you cure that?" + +"I have treated some cases with remarkable success; but of course I +can do so only when the cancer has not eaten too far into the vital +organism of the sufferer. I have treated some thirty cancer cases, the +cure in all being complete. The treatment was that of laying my hands +over the part affected, anointing with a little magnetized ointment, +and sometimes the injection of magnetized oil. Beyond that I do +nothing. I have here records of ten cures of cancer in all parts of +the body. If you will glance over the accounts, described by the +newspapers at the time when they occurred, or copies of the +certificates which I leave with you, you will see that there is almost +no limit to the variety of the cures which I have been able to +effect." + +"That is all very well, Mr. Stephen, but you will not make converts by +newspaper extracts. The point is this: Will you consent to submit your +gift to a practical test?" + +"Certainly," said he; "I have already written to Sir Baldwin Leighton, +asking him if he can place me in communication with the governors of +deaf, dumb, and blind asylums, in order that I may be able to try my +powers upon the patients of those institutions. I am quite satisfied +that if I am allowed a fair opportunity of trying the effect of my +healing touch, ten out of every hundred of the inmates of these +asylums will receive their sight, or regain their speech and hearing. +I ask for no payment: I simply request that in these institutions +which are maintained by the public charity for the relief of helpless +sufferers, and where, therefore, there can be no collusion or any +suspicion of trickery or fraud, I should be allowed to lay my hands +upon the eyes or the ears of the inmates. I can do them no harm; and I +am perfectly sure that in at least ten per cent of the cases I shall +be able to give great if not entire relief." + +"This is all very well; but before you can expect the governors of +public institutions to allow you to touch their inmates there must be +a preliminary illustration of your power. Otherwise they would say +justly that they would be over-run with quacks, all of whom might wish +to try a patent nostrum upon the unfortunate 'inmates of public +institutions.'" + +"Very well," said Mr. Stephen, "I am willing to submit my gift to the +most stringent test which your scientific sceptics can suggest. I am +willing to give an exhibition of my power under any test, in the +presence of any picked number of sceptics whom you may nominate, and +you may bring there half a dozen cases of disease certified by the +faculty as incurable. Of course you will not bring sufferers whose +complaints are manifestly beyond my power to cure. As I said before, I +make no claim to restore organs that are destroyed, but there is a +sufficiently wide category in the complaints 'that flesh is heir to' +to afford you an ample choice of half a dozen typical incurable cases. +When the deaf, dumb, lame, and otherwise suffering persons whom you +wish experimented on have been brought and are in the presence of +those whom you shall name, I will undertake to effect an immediate +improvement in the condition of, say, four out of the six. It will +probably become a complete cure on the second or third visit. I seldom +or never see a patient more than thrice." + +"Well, that seems fair. You have no objection to my publishing this +offer in the _Pall Mall Gazette_?" + +"None. I make no profession to any skill. I can only exercise a power +which I discovered quite accidentally was vested in me. The limits of +that I can ascertain only by experience. I am perfectly willing to +have that power subjected to the severest tests which you can suggest, +and I have no doubt at all, from the invariable experience of the last +six years, that cures will be effected for which no existing +scientific hypothesis can adequately account." + +The _Gazette_ says in another column:--"We commend the challenge of +Mr. George Milner Stephen, which we publish in another column, to the +special attention of all interested in the exposure of popular +delusion. Here is an educated English barrister of unimpeachable +character, who has rendered no little service to the state, informing +all the faculty that he can heal patients whom they have dismissed as +incurable, by merely breathing on them or touching them. In an +ordinary, unknown, vulgar charlatan this challenge might have passed +unnoticed. In the case of the Australian cousin of Mr. Justice +Fitzjames Stephen it must be treated more seriously. We invite +communications from our scientific readers as to the best way of +putting our visitor to the test." + +Scores of American healers do similar works to those of Dr. G. M. +Stephen, but the fashionable press ignores them because they have not +wealth and social position. The JOURNAL OF MAN will endeavor to do +them justice. In all such cases, in which the healing power is +inexhaustible, we know that it is replenished from spiritual sources. +Dr. Stephen exercises a little policy in not mentioning the spiritual +source of his power. Godless science and dead sectarianism recoil from +spirit life. No human constitution contains an inexhaustible fountain +of life--the fountain is above, and fortunate are they who can reach +it. + + + + +HUMAN LONGEVITY. + + +The possibility of long life, illustrated in the first number of this +JOURNAL, may easily be corroborated by referring to numerous examples; +but the fact that the nobler qualities of human nature are the most +efficient promoters of longevity is our most important lesson, and it +is illustrated by the superior longevity of women. He is a misanthrope +who does not recognize their superior virtue, and he is a poor +statesman who does not wish to see that virtue imparted to our +political life, and who does not recognize the importance of giving to +woman the most perfect intellectual and industrial education, that she +may be self supporting. The British census show that there are 948,000 +more women than men in Great Britain. The _St. James Gazette_ says:-- + +"Prof. Humphry of Cambridge has prepared a series of tables which +contain some interesting information about centenarians. Of 52 persons +whom he mentions, at least 11--2 males and 9 females--actually +attained the age of 100. Others attained very nearly to the hundred +years. Only one of the persons reached 108 years, while one died at +the alleged age of 106. Of the 52 persons, 36 were women and 16 men. +Out of the 36 women 26 had been married, and 11 had borne large +families. Of the 26 who had been wives, 8 had married before they were +20, 1 at 16, and 2 at 17. + +"Twelve of the fifty-two centenarians were discovered to have been the +eldest children of their parents. This fact, adds Dr. Humphry, does +not agree with popular notions that first children inherit a +feebleness of constitution, nor with the opinion of racing stables, +which is decidedly against the idea that 'firstlings' are to be +depended on for good performances on the course. The centenarians +generally regarded were of spare build. Gout and rheumatism were as a +rule, absent. 'It seems,' says Prof. Humphry, 'that the frame which is +destined to great age needs no such prophylactics, and engenders none +of the peccant humors for which the finger joints (as in gout) may +find a vent.' + +"Of the fifty-two aged people, twenty-four only had no teeth, the +average number of teeth remaining being four or five. Long hours of +sleep were notable among these old people, the period of repose +averaging nine hours; while out-of-door exercise in plenty and early +rising are to be noted among the factors of a prolonged life. One of +the centenarians 'drank to excess on festive occasions:' another was a +'free beer drinker,' and 'drank like a fish during his whole life.' +Twelve had been total abstainers for life or nearly so, and mostly all +were 'small meat eaters.'" + +The oldest woman in Austria at this time is Magdalene Ponza, who is +112. "She was born at Wittingau, Bohemia, in 1775, when Maria Theresa +sat on the Austrian throne. George III. had then been but 15 years +King of England, Louis XVI. who had ruled a little more than a +twelvemonth in France, was still in the heyday of power, the +Independence of the United States of America had not yet been +declared, Napoleon and Arthur Wellesley were as yet but six years old. +Magdalene Ponza retains full possession of her mental faculties. +Unfortunately she can only speak the Czech language, and she can +neither read nor write. However, she answers questions briskly enough +through the youngest of her surviving grandchildren, herself a woman +of 60. Magdalene Ponza's age is authenticated by the outdoor relief +certificate of the Viennese Municipality." + +Of American centenarians we have a number, some of whom are still +living. Harrisonville, New Jersey, has two, Michael Potter and +Bartholomew Coles. Polly Wilcox of Hope Valley, R. I., celebrated her +centennial last year; so did Jane Wilcox of Edgecomb, Maine, while she +had a sister 94, and a daughter 81. Old Auntie Scroggins, of Forsyth +Co., Georgia, is now 104 years old, and is still one of the most +effective shouters of the Methodist Church to which she has belonged +94 years. + +Miss Phebe Harrod, of Newburyport, Mass., celebrated her centennial +last year. She still takes a lively interest in passing events. + +Grandmother Sarah Drew, at Halifax, celebrated her centennial a year +ago. Her constant companion is an old Bible which has been in the Drew +family for 250 years. + +Mrs. Triphene Bevans, of Danbury, Mass., held a lively centennial +reception in the parlors of the West Street Church, April 14, 1886. +Her health, hearing and speech were good, and her step brisk. She +attributes her age and good health to good habits and allowing nothing +to trouble or worry her. She has always been a strict church member. + +William Waterman, of Oshkosh, Wisconsin, is said to be 109 years old. +It is said he "is a Methodist, uses liquor and tobacco, and finds no +fault with the world." + +Joseph O'Neal of Barnesville, Georgia, might have been living still if +he had not been frozen to death last winter, at the age of 107, in a +sudden blizzard. He was a negro, and had over 200 descendants. + +Mrs. Elizabeth Thomas, of Reading, Penn., who had lived a century, +might be still living if she had not been killed last year, while +walking on the railroad track. + +Of those who overrun the century, we might mention further, Simon +Harras, who died in Putnam Co., Indiana, last January, aged 109. His +memory was good to the last. + +Mrs. Elizabeth Small, relict of Dr. Samuel Small, at Lewiston, Maine, +had passed her hundredth birthday a few weeks, when she died of +apoplexy; and Mrs. Susan Phillips, of Wilson Creek, N. C., died last +year just as she finished her century. + +Nathan, formerly slave of Benj. W. Bodie, died last year in +Mississippi, Talbot Co., aged 107. + +Christopher Mann, of Independence, Missouri, died last year, aged 111. + +The oldest of all, and probably the oldest minister in the world, is +Rev. Thos. Tenant, of Vineyard Township, Arkansas, an itinerant +Methodist preacher, born in 1771, now in his 116th year. + +Mr. Edward Gentry told a more remarkable story at Indianapolis, last +July. He was at the governor's office, and gentlemen were guessing at +his age. None supposed him over fifty; but he said he had a son +fifty-two years old, and was himself seventy-eight. He added: "My +doctor has given me a fifty years' longer lease on my life, barring +accidents. My father is 128 and is still living. My mother died at the +age of 117, and her mother lived to the same age." Mr. Gentry is of +English birth. + +Perhaps the best specimen of family health is that of the Atkinson +family of Gloucester, Mass. Nine children were born, and all lived. +The first death in the family was a few weeks ago, when John Atkinson +died, aged eighty-four. When he died the ages of the nine amounted to +703 years. + +Aunt Dinah John, the oldest Indian at the Onondaga reservation died in +May, 1884, aged 109. + +About ten years ago, when Governor Seymour was about to make an +address at an Indian fair on the Onondaga reservation, Aunt Dinah +walked upon the platform and asked to be introduced to him. + +Mr. Gardner said, "Governor Seymour, this is Aunt Dinah, who wants to +become acquainted with you." + +"Oh, no; him get acquainted with me," Aunt Dinah explained. "Me know +him before he know anybody. Many years ago me go to Pompey Hill, his +father's grocery. Governor's father say: 'My squaw very sick.' I ask, +'What matter?' His father say, 'Go in and see for yourself.' He go +into a room; see a little pappoose about a foot long." Then moving +toward Governor Seymour, and pointing her finger at him, she said: +"That pappoose was you, Governor Seymour, born that night." + +Aunt Dinah called frequently at Mr. Seymour's and took especial +delight in rocking the cradle and showering caresses in her native +fashion upon the future Governor of the State. + +About three years ago she became blind, and has since been kept at her +home on the Onondaga reservation. She retained her faculties to the +last. Her husband died thirty years ago. Her dying request was that +the pagan ceremony be first observed and afterward the Christian +ritual. + +What are we to reckon, says the _Home Journal_, as the declining +period of man's existence? The point at which old age taps us on the +shoulder, and says it comes to keep us company, varies with every +individual. It depends a great deal on circumstances, which are hardly +the same in any two cases. Some writers have said that a man is old at +forty-five, others have set down seventy as the normal standard. Dr. +John Gardner, who has written on "Longevity," remarks: "Long +observation has convinced me that sixty-three is an age at which the +majority of persons may be termed old, and as a general rule we may +adopt this as the epoch of the commencing decline of life." + +Suppose then we agree to call no man old till he is past sixty-three. +Let us set down the names of some of the illustrious people of the +world who have prolonged their days of usefulness after that age. We +shall make a table of them, and begin it with those who have died at +seventy,--that is to say, with those in whom the springs of life have +not stood still till they have had at least seven years of old age. It +will be found, however, to be far from exhaustive, and every reader +may find pleasure in adding to it from his own stock of information: + + _Age at Death._ + + 70--Columbus; Lord Chatham; Petrarch; Copernicus; Spallanzani; + Boerhaave; Gall. + 71--Linnaeus. + 72--Charlemagne; Samuel Richardson; Allan Ramsey; John Locke; + Necker. + 73--Charles Darwin; Thorwaldsen. + 74--Handel; Frederick the Great; Dr. Jenner. + 75--Haydn; Dugald Stewart. + 76--Bossuet. + 77--Thomas Telford; Sir Joseph Banks; Lord Beaconsfield. + 78--Galileo; Corneille. + 79--William Harvey; Robert Stevenson; Henry Cavendish. + 80--Plato; Wordsworth; Ralph Waldo Emerson; Kant; Thiers; William + Cullen. + 81--Buffon; Edward Young; Sir Edward Coke; Lord Palmerston. + 82--Arnauld. + 83--Wellington; Goethe; Victor Hugo. + 84--Voltaire; Talleyrand; Sir William Herschel. + 85--Cato the Wise; Newton; Benj. Franklin; Jeremy Bentham. + 86--Earl Russell; Edmund Halley; Carlyle. + 88--John Wesley. + 89--Michael Angelo. + 90--Sophocles. + 99--Titian. + 100--Fontenelle. + +It may be said that they were exceptional in living so long, but if +what the best authorities say be true, the exceptions ought to be the +people who died young, and not those who prolong their lives and carry +on their work till they are old. Few of us may find ourselves, like +Lord Palmerston, in our greatest vigor at seventy, or be able, like +Thiers, to rule France at eighty, or have any spirit for playing the +author, like Goethe and Victor Hugo, when over eighty; or for playing +the musician, like Handel and Haydn, when over seventy; but by good +management we may do wonders. + +The wisest men and the best have been conspicuous for working to the +end, not taking the least advantage of the leisure to which one might +think they were entitled. They have found their joy in pursuing labors +which they believed useful either to themselves or to others. John +Locke began a "Fourth Letter on Toleration" only a few weeks before he +died, and "the few pages in the posthumous volume, ending in an +unfinished sentence, seem to have exhausted his remaining strength." +The fire of Galileo's genius burned to the very end. He was engaged in +dictating to two of his disciples his latest theories on a favorite +subject, when the slow fever seized him that brought him to the grave. +Sir Edward Coke spent the last six years of his life in revising and +improving the works upon which his fame now rests. John Wesley only +the year before he died wrote: "I am now an old man, decayed from head +to foot.... However, blessed be God! I do not slack my labors; I can +preach and write still." Arnauld, one of the greatest of French +theologians and philosophers, retained, says Disraeli, "the vigor of +his genius and the command of his pen to his last day, and at the age +of eighty-two was still the great Arnauld." It was he who, when urged +in his old age to rest from his labors, exclaimed, "Rest! Shall we not +have the whole of eternity to rest in?" + +A healthy old age cannot be reached without the exercise of many +virtues. There must have been prudence, self-denial, and temperance at +the very least. According to the proverb, he that would be long an old +man must begin early to be one, and the beginning early just means +taking a great many precautions commonly neglected till it is too +late. More people would be found completing their pilgrimage at a late +date if it were not that, as a French writer puts it, "Men do not +usually die; they kill themselves." It is carelessness about the most +ordinary rules of healthy living. + +The enjoyment of old age may be looked on then as a reward, and the +aged may pride themselves on being heirs to a rich inheritance, +assigned to forethought and common sense. Many years are an honor. +They are an honor even in the case of the worldly, and a great deal +more so when life has been regulated by motives higher than any the +world can show. "The hoary head," says Solomon, "is a crown of glory;" +but he adds this qualification, "if it be found in the way of +righteousness." Old people form a natural aristocracy, and to be +ranked among them may be recommended to all who have an ambition to +close their lives well up in the world. + +For a picture of an old man in this enviable state of mind take +Cornaro. In his eighty-third year we find him congratulating himself +that in all probability he "had still a series of years to live in +health and spirits and to enjoy this beautiful world, which is indeed +beautiful to those who know how to make it so." Even at ninety-five he +wrote of himself as "sound and hearty, contented and cheerful." "At +this age," he says, "I enjoy at once two lives: one terrestrial, which +I possess in fact; the other celestial, which I possess in thought; +and this thought is equal to actual enjoyment, when founded on things +we are sure to attain, as I am sure to attain that celestial life, +through the infinite mercy and goodness of God." + +Jeremy Bentham, who lived to be eighty-five, retained to the last the +fresh and cheerful temperament of a boy. John Wesley, who died when he +was eighty-eight, also had a happy disposition. "I feel and grieve," +he says, "but by the grace of God I fret at nothing." Goethe, who +reached his eighty-third year, is another good example. Then there is +Boerhaave, one of the most celebrated physicians of modern times, who +held that decent mirth is the salt of life. Indeed in the case of most +old people, we believe it will be found that cheerfulness is one of +their leading characteristics. + + * * * * * + +The recent death of Mr. Beecher, who with his splendid constitution +ought to have lived twenty years longer, illustrates the principles of +hygiene which he blindly disregarded. For years he was threatened with +the form of death that seized him, and came near a fatal attack some +years ago in Chicago while delivering a lecture. Men of a strong +animal nature, hearty eaters, and restless workers, making great use +of the brain, are liable to such attacks. If Mr. Beecher had observed +ordinary prudence, and had a little scientific magnetic treatment, he +would never have had an apoplectic attack; but he was commonplace in +thought. He went the old way, and died as short-sighted men die. He +had read my "Anthropology," and told me he kept it in his library, but +its thought did not enter into his life. + + + + +JUSTICE TO THE INDIANS. + +BY JOHN BEESON. + + +President Grant placed them under control of the churches, making them +responsible for all their Indian agents, whom the churches were to +nominate. But as fraud and war have been more or less as rampant as +ever, it seems that the first thing should be, to relieve the Indians +from church rule, and recognize at once the Indian's inalienable right +to "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness," the same as we claim +for ourselves; so long as they do not disturb the peace or violate the +rights of their white neighbors, we have no right to interfere with +either their religion or laws upon their reserves. It is this +meddlesome injustice which makes all the trouble; it would make +trouble with any other community, if another religious sect should be +allowed to dominate over them in all their affairs. It is not Indian, +but human, nature, to do so, the world over. Dr. Bland, editor of _The +Council Fire_, says: + + "I have been long and intimately acquainted with many tribes. + I find that they are not savages, but the peers of white men, + with great self-respect, a high sense of honor, and love of + truth." + +Even the civilized tribes still retain their mutual confidence. Hence, +they use no locks, no bolts nor bars, when absent from their homes; a +stake in the ground, about three feet from the door, is a sufficient +guarantee from intrusion. It would be deemed a reflection upon +neighborly honor to lock a door in the Indian Territory. I was there +when they built their first prison; they now number sixty thousand, +most of whom have lived there forty years, and then, they said, + + "The new railroad brought so many white renegades among us + that we had to build a prison for them." + +I asked, "What do you do when one Indian kills another?" They +answered: "We have a trial, and if the killing was without great +cause, we sentence the guilty one to be killed by the near of kin to +his victim; we appoint the time and the place, and we have never known +an Indian to fail to come voluntarily in time for his own execution." + +They believe that the Great Spirit will give all the hell or all the +heaven that each deserves; that there is no possibility of escape from +a just penalty and no danger of losing a deserved heaven, but to them +it is unjust to hope for anything on the merits of another. H. W. +Beecher said in his first lecture after his return from the Pacific +Coast: + + "I made special inquiry of those who are posted on Indian + affairs, as to their moral status, and was always told that + when fairly treated they are quite reliable." + +Gen. Crookes said of the Apaches, that while they were protected on +their reserves from outside aggression they were as well behaved and +orderly as any community of people in the United States. + +It is true, they killed Generals Canby and Custer, but the first had, +contrary to preliminary agreement, moved his soldiers twenty-five +miles, and placed them in two companies on each side of the place +where the treaty was to be made. The first demand of the Modoc chief +was, to take back the soldiers, and it was not until a long delay, and +a firm refusal on the part of Canby, that the Modoc chief fired the +fatal shot. + +And as for Custer and his men, they fell while ignobly, and without +right or authority, invading the peaceful home of Sitting Bull and his +people. + +General Harney says: + + "I have lived fifty years on the frontier, and I have never + known an Indian war in which they were not in the right." + +Dr. McLaughlin said: + + "I have been fifty-three years an Indian trader, and more than + fifty years superintendent of the Hudson Bay Fur Company, and + in all that time, I have never seen an occasion to shed the + blood of an Indian. The American people suppose that their + revenge is proof of savagery. But that is a mistake. It is + their sense of justice, and whatever they do is but an echo of + what has been done to them. They believe as Moses taught, + blood for blood, life for life." + +Gen. Fremont said: + + "I lived two years among the Indians with only one white + woman, and was never more kindly treated. I lost nothing, + although all I had was accessible to them." + +Surely, testimony like this, in connection with their healing +magnetism so freely given to Spiritualism, should awaken sympathy if +not gratitude in their behalf.--_New Thought_. + +_Talent, Oregon_, Jan. 19, 1887. + + + + +MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. + + +ANATOMY OF THE BRAIN.--Anatomy is considered the driest and most +difficult of biological studies, but a careful attention to our +description of the brain will show that it is very intelligible. After +we get through with the anatomy, the description of organs and their +functions is simple and practical. Every one should understand the +outlines of cerebral anatomy, and then he can discuss the subject with +imperfectly educated physicians, and show them their errors. + + +MESMERIC CURES of countless variety and marvelous success have +occurred all through the present century. But when not effected by +distinguished physicians, they have generally been ignored by the +press, and their knowledge confined to a very narrow circle. Now, +however, since eminent physicians at Paris are engaged, and the word +_hypnotism_ is substituted for mesmerism and magnetism, their +performances are proclaimed by journalists and even by the medical +press. The following is one of the latest reports. The reader will +observe that when the medical faculty after a prolonged opposition +yield to any new idea, they endeavor to ignore entirely the pioneers +by whom the discoveries were made, and by whom an interest was created +in the subject while the faculty were hostile. It will probably not be +long before they adopt the leading ideas of homoeopathy and endeavor +to obliterate the memory of Hahnemann. + +"Hypnotism has been employed with considerable success in Paris for +some time past in the treatment of hysterical diseases, by Charcot and +others, but the case recently reported by M. Clovis Hugues, in France, +is the most extraordinary application so far on record. A young lady +of twenty was attacked six months ago with a nervous ailment which +completely derived her of her voice. Electricity was tried, with a +certain amount of success, but after a time it lost its effect and was +abandoned in despair. As a last resort, her friends applied to Dr. +Berillon, the hypnotic specialist. After consultation with Dr. +Charcot, he undertook the cure. The girl was thrown into a mesmeric +trance by the usual means, and Dr. Berillon suggested that she should +say on waking, 'I am twenty.' On opening her eyes she uttered these +words without the least effort. On the second day the suggestion was +that she should converse with Dr. Berillon, and this she also did, but +could talk with no one else. On the third day the doctor commanded her +to talk with any one and at any time that she chose. She has been able +to use her tongue freely ever since." + + +MEDICAL DESPOTISM.--The infamous law juggled through the Legislature +of Iowa, which deprives every citizen of the right of relieving her +neighbor of disease without the authority of a diploma, and renders +Christian benevolence a crime, does not produce much effect. The +natural healers pay no respect to it. In every prosecution under the +law so far, the attempt to enforce the law has been defeated. Juries +are unwilling to aid an ignorant Legislature in trampling on the +Divine law and the principles of American constitutions. + + +THE DANGEROUS CLASSES.--The existence of considerable classes, chiefly +of foreigners, who are contemplating murder and rapine, should +interest every good citizen. At Cincinnati on the 6th of March, it is +said, "The institution of the Paris commune in 1848 and 1871 was +celebrated tonight by the Cincinnati anarchists. It was the most +revolutionary gathering ever seen in this city, and the speech of Mrs. +Lucy E. Parsons, wife of the condemned anarchist, was of a very +inflammatory character. The hall was crowded with men and women who +drank beer at tables. It was a motley and dangerous looking throng. On +the walls were mottoes with red borders, and the entire hall was +profusely decorated with large red flags. There wasn't an American +flag in the hall, and above the stage was a picture of the condemned +anarchists. Several pictures of notorious Anarchists who have been +beheaded for murder and riot were conspicuously displayed. The band +played no national airs except the 'Marseillaise,' and everything said +and done showed a bitter hatred of American institutions. Mrs. Parsons +gave a history of the Paris commune of 1871, and said the mistake made +was in showing any mercy to capitalists. Her remarks were loudly +applauded, although a majority of her audience couldn't understand one +word of English. Dancing followed the speeches, and was kept up all +night." + + +ARBITRATION.--In the Sinaloa colony, "Any disputes that arise between +colonists will be settled by arbitration. There will be one lawyer to +protect the interests of the corporation in dealings with outside +parties." This is a great step in advance. When a true civilization +arrives, arbitration will supersede courts, and psychometry will +assist in making it perfect. + + +CRITICISM ON THE CHURCH.--If any readers of the JOURNAL think its +criticisms on the church have been too harsh, because their own +acquaintance is confined to worthy professors of the present time, I +would call their attention to the unquestionable statements of Hallam, +Guizot, and Draper, as follows: + +"With respect to the last, the grandest of all human undertakings +(i. e., the circumnavigation of the earth), it is to be remembered +that Catholicism had irrevocably committed itself to the dogma of a +flat earth, with the sky as a floor of heaven, and hell in the under +world."--_Draper's Conflict_, p. 294. + +"Persecution for religious heterodoxy, in all its degrees, was in the +sixteenth century the principle as well as the practice of every +church."--_Hallam's Middle Ages_, vol. 2, p. 48. + +"When any step was taken to establish a system of permanent +institutions, which might effectually protect liberty from the +invasions of power in general, _the church always ranged herself on +the side of despotism_."--_Guizot's History of Civilization in +Europe_, p. 154. + +"There was fighting and fighting between the old and new school, and +all on a question that would make a crab laugh,--questions that were +hypercritical and infinite, and about which everybody knew nothing at +all, and they thought they knew as well as God. Questions were talked +of with positiveness, and argued; and, when I look back upon them, I +cannot help thinking they were no better than the contentions of +children around the cradle. But all this gave me great repulsion for +dogmatic theology, and it is a repulsion which I have not got over, +and the present prospects are that I never shall."--_Henry Ward +Beecher_. + + +EARTHQUAKES AND PREDICTIONS.--Professor Rudolf Falb, of Vienna, it is +reported, predicted to an hour the earthquakes which have occurred in +France and Italy. + +"Writing in the Austrian papers some days ago, he pointed out that the +annular eclipse of the sun, which commenced on Tuesday morning at 6.41 +Greenwich time, was central at 9.13 P. M., and ended on the earth +generally at twenty-five minutes past midnight on Wednesday morning, +was likely to be accompanied with strong atmospheric and seismic +disturbances. The learned physicist has gained great reputation by +previous similar forecasts. His first and great success was the +foretelling the destructive shock at Belluno, on June 29, 1873. Nearly +the whole of Northern Italy was affected, and upwards of fifty lives +were lost. Very shortly afterwards he gave warning of the probability +of an eruption of Etna, which followed at the time anticipated in +1874."--_London Echo_. + +"John S. Newberry, professor of geology and paleontology at Columbia +College, being the American authority upon all matters pertaining to +the crust of the earth, was naturally interested in the earthquake +that visited Long Island on Wednesday. He derides the idea that the +local seismic disturbance has any connection with the recent +occurrences at Mentone, as the shocks were too far apart, and, if +connected, should have been felt within eight hours of each other, +whereas there was several days' difference. His theory, which is amply +sustained by observation, is that an earthquake is a movement caused +by a shrinking, from loss of heat, of the interior of the earth and +the crushing together and displacement of the rigid exterior as it +accommodates itself to this contraction. It has been noticed that the +earth is shaken along the Alleghany chain nearly every year. It is +impossible to predict a recurrence of the shocks, but it is quite +probable they will recur. There is a record of 231 earthquakes in the +New England States between the years 1638 and 1869."--_Brooklyn +Eagle_. + + + + +CHAPTER II--STRUCTURE OF THE BRAIN. + + Man a triple being--Materialists and illusionists misconceive + him--Relation of the soul to the brain and body--The nervous + system; illustration--Embryonic condition--Anatomical + descriptions unsatisfactory and the phrenological school + incorrect--Exterior view of the brain in the head, illustrated + and described--The cerebrum, cerebellum, and + tentorium--Interior view of the base of the skull--Bones of + the head illustrated--Division of the brain into lobes and + convolutions, with illustration--Frontal, middle, parietal, + tempero-sphenoidal, and occipital--Anatomical plan or grouping + of convolutions differs from their actual appearance--View of + the superior surface illustrated--Difference between the + irregular convolutions and the angular maps--View of the + inferior surface of the brain--Illustration and description of + the parts--Interior view of section on the median + line--Divided and undivided surfaces-_Corpus callosum_ + explained--The two brains and their diagonal relations to the + body--Penetrating and describing the lateral ventricles--The + serum in the brain--Variations of serum and blood--Variations + in hydrocephalus and insanity--Our power to modify the brain + and change our destiny--Power of education--Responsibility of + society--The lateral ventricles the centre of the brain--Base + of the ventricles, the great inferior ganglia of the brain, + _corpora striata_, and _thalami_--Their radiating fibres + inclosing a cavity--The _thalami_ and their commissure and + third ventricle--The _medulla oblongata_, cerebellum, and + _arbor vitae_--The _pons Varolii_ and crura of the brain--the + _corpora quadrigemina_, pineal gland, fourth ventricle, and + _calamus scriptorius_. + + +Man is essentially a triple organization, consisting of the permanent +psychic being, intangible to our external senses, but nevertheless so +distinctly recognized internally by consciousness and externally or in +others, by intuition and understanding, that the psychic is as well +understood and known as the physical being. This being is the eternal +man--the material body being its temporary associate. + +The physical being, or material form, consists of the portion directly +and entirely occupied by the psychic existence--which is called the +brain or encephalon, and is in life also beyond the reach of our +senses in the interior of the cranium--and the non-psychic structure, +the body, which, though not the residence of the soul, has so intimate +and complete a connection with the entire brain that during active +life it feels as if it were the actual residence of the soul, so far +as sensation and action are concerned. + +The soul, or psychic being, has external and internal perceptions (for +which it has cerebral organs). When the former predominate too +greatly, the human body and all external objects are realized most +vividly, and the reality of psychic life is not so well realized or +understood. Hence persons so organized are disposed to materialism, +and either doubt the existence of their psychic being, or are +indifferent to it. + +On the other hand, those in whom the interior faculties predominate +too greatly vividly realize their psychic life, but have more vague +and feeble conceptions of material objects, including their own +bodies, and attach undue importance to the imaginary and subjective in +preference to the objective. The materialists and the illusionists, +however, are not entirely composed of these two classes of subjective +and objective thinkers. The majority consists of persons of moderate +reasoning capacity, who simply follow their leaders. + +In making a critical distinction between the psycho-organic brain and +non-psychic body, the former may be confined strictly within the +cranium, leaving the exterior portions of the head as a part of the +non-psychic body; but as they are more intimately associated with the +brain than any part below the neck, this distinction is not important; +and if the whole head, as the environment of the psychic brain, be +grouped with it, it may not lead to any material error. The brain is +intimately associated with the entire physical person by twelve pairs +of cranial or cerebral nerves, and by the spinal cord, which descends +from the base of the brain through a great foramen or opening midway +between the ears, and while passing down the spinal column gives off +thirty pairs of nerves. + +The cranial nerves are all for the head, except the _pneumogastric_ or +lung-stomach nerve, which belongs to the organs of respiration, voice, +and digestion; and the spinal nerves are all for the body, except a +few which ramify in the neck and in the scalp. + +The entire nervous system is so instantaneously prompt in conveying to +the brain the impressions which originate feeling, and in conveying +from the brain the nervous energies that produce voluntary motion and +modify all the processes of life, that we feel as if we had sensation +and volition in every part of the body; or, in other words, that our +conscious existence was in the body; but we rationally know that the +sensation and volition occur in the brain, for neither sensation nor +voluntary motion can occur if the nervous connection with the brain is +interrupted by compression and section, or if the brain itself be +sufficiently compressed. When the brain is exposed by an injury of the +cranium, the pressure of a finger suspends all consciousness and +volition, making a blank in the life of the individual. + +Animal life resides in the nervous system alone, and its character is +proportioned to the development thereof, of which the brain is the +principal mass. A subordinate portion of the general life, however, is +in the nervous system of the body, and in proportion as the brain +declines in development the relative amount of psychic energy in the +body is greater. Thus the body of the alligator after decapitation is +capable of sensation and voluntary acts, such as pushing away an +offending body with its foot. The character of the life in the body is +explained by physiology and sarcognomy. Its universal presence is due +to the universal diffusion of the nervous system, of which the +accompanying figure, showing the location of the spinal cord and +spinal nerves, will give a proper conception. In this figure the +spinal cord, with its thirty pairs of nerves, eight cervical at the +neck, twelve dorsal in the back, five lumbar in the loins, and five or +six in the sacrum (between the hips), is seen descending from the base +of the brain below the cerebellum (which is rather too large in +engraving), and proceeding throughout the body until lost in fine +ramifications which the microscope can scarcely trace, but which +quickly inform us if they are touched or disturbed. + +[Illustration] + +It cannot properly be said that the spinal cord proceeds from the +brain, nor on the other hand that the brain proceeds from the spinal +cord, for they originate simultaneously in a soft, jelly-like +condition in which the microscope cannot detect the latent structure, +not as they are in the adult, but as they are in the foetus in which +they first appear, with a structure similar to that of the lowest +class of vertebrate animals, the fishes. + +From this embryonic condition, in which there is very little +resemblance to the adult brain, its progress has been carefully traced +by many observers, but chiefly by Tiedemann, through all the stages of +life before birth into the soft, infantile form of the human brain. +Some knowledge of this embryonic growth is necessary to a correct +understanding of the adult brain, its essential plan, its growth, and +the correct estimate of its development. + +I have not found in our anatomical works what I consider a +satisfactory exposition of this subject. Beginning as a student with +Spurzheim's anatomy of the brain, which ought to have been the +clearest and most complete of all, I found it so obscure and +unsatisfactory that until I had made many dissections I had no very +clear understanding. I have never found any pleasure in the writings +of Spurzheim. In more recent authors the anatomical details are very +abundant indeed, and sufficient to tax the _memory_ heavily, but +without that system and philosophy which appeal to the understanding +and make our conceptions satisfactory, as I hope to make them to my +readers, who must have very incorrect conceptions of the plan of the +brain, if they have relied upon the writings of Mr. Combe and his +successors of the phrenological school, none of whom, so far as I am +aware, have really understood cerebral anatomy. + +Let us approach the subject by taking an exterior and general view, +then by tracing the embryonic growth of the brain, and the interior +connections of its fibres, until we are fully prepared to judge of its +development as it lies in the skull, and to understand the relation of +each organ to all other portions. Then we can study its functions with +a clear understanding of the relations of the organs to each other, +which is the material basis of psychic science, and with full +confidence in our ability to judge and compare living heads and skulls +of man and animals. + +[Illustration] + +Let us take an exterior view by removing one half of the skull from +the right side of the head. This enables us to see that the front +portion of the brain rests above the sockets of the eyes, coming down +in the centre as low as the root of the nose, but a little higher +exteriorly. When we touch the forehead just over the root of the nose, +our finger touches the lowest level of the front lobe, the seat of the +intellect; but when we touch the external angle of the brow on the +same level, we touch a process of bone, and our finger is fully half +an inch below the level of the brain. + +In the posterior view we see that below the great mass of brain which +is called the cerebrum there lies a smaller body, shaped much like a +small turnip, called the cerebellum or little brain, separated from +the cerebrum by a firm, horizontal membrane called the tentorium +(covering the cerebellum), on which the cerebrum rests. + +[Illustration] + +The position of the tentorium can easily be ascertained in your own +head by the fact that where it crosses the median line there is a +little projection of bone called the occipital knob, very prominent on +some persons, barely perceptible on others. After locating the +occipital knob, a horizontal line forward will give us the portion of +the tentorium. When we carry this line forward just over the cavity of +the ear, thus locating the tentorium, we easily recognize below it the +rounded prominence on each side in which the two hemispheres or halves +of the cerebellum lie, with a depression between them on the median +line. To make these and other observations on the head (which no one +should neglect), the hand should be placed firmly on the scalp, so +that as it slides on the bone we feel the form of the skull beneath. +In most persons a distinct depression will be felt along the line of +the tentorium, separating the cerebrum and cerebellum--the cerebellum +being located at the summit of the neck, and extending down about as +low as the end of the mastoid process, which is the large, long +prominence just behind the cavity of the ear. + +The cerebellum may be regarded as the physiological and the cerebrum +as the psychic brain, for the cerebellum is void of intelligence and +volition, but has important influences on the body. It may be +considered, like the spinal cord, an intermediate structure between +the controlling and conscious brain and the corporeal organs. + +The tentorium does not entirely separate it from the cerebrum, for +anteriorly it is open to permit the passage of the fibres which +connect the cerebrum with the spinal cord and the cerebellum,--fibres +which pass up midway between the right and left ear, so that a bullet +fired horizontally through from ear to ear would sever the connection +of the cerebrum with the bodily organs, producing instant death. This +will be understood by looking at the profile of the interior of the +right hemisphere, on which we see the position of the pons and the +medulla and their relation to the cerebrum by their ascending fibres. +As these ascending fibres correspond to a position just above the +cavity of the ear, and as they are the channels of all muscular +impulses, the reader will perceive that breadth of head immediately +above the cavity of the ear must be associated with muscular +impulsiveness. + +The position of the cerebrum in the cranium may be best understood by +sawing the head in two horizontally, taking out the brain, and looking +down into the base of the skull, in which we see anteriorly a shelf +for the front lobes, behind which are the cavities for the middle +lobes, and behind that the rounded cavities for the cerebellum. + +[Illustration] + +Thus the front lobe occupies the highest plane, resting on the vault +of the sockets of the eyes, and extending back as far as the sockets. +The middle lobe lies behind the sockets of the eyes and above the +cavities of the ears, its base being as low as the bottom of the +sockets of the eyes and corresponding nearly with the upper edge of +the cheekbone, as it extends from the sockets to the side of the head +just in front of the ears. In the posterior base of the skull, the +reader will observe an opening (_foramen magnum_ or large foramen) +through which the spinal cord ascends. The spinal cord is exposed in +the neck below the foramen. + +Going back, we find the middle lobe rises higher, ascending over the +cavity of the ear and resting upon the ridge of bone in which the +apparatus of hearing is situated, thus reaching the level of the +tentorium, on which the occipital lobe rests. + +The bones of the cranium seen by looking down into the basis of the +skull, as above, are the frontal bone over the eyes, the sphenoid +bone, behind the sockets of the eyes, extending from the right to the +left temple, the temporal bones, forming the ridge that holds the +apparatus of hearing, and extending up about two inches on the side +head, and the occipital bone at the back, between the two temporals, +meeting the sphenoid bone in the centre of the base. The cerebellum +rests in the deep double concavities of the occipital bone, and the +spinal cord ascends through the large opening (foramen magnum) in the +middle of its base, assuming the form called the medulla oblongata. + +[Illustration] + +When we fully understand this view of the base of the skull, let us +look at it in profile, and observe the frontal bone connected by the +coronal suture to the parietal and the parietal by the squamous or +scaly suture to the temporal, and by the lambdoid suture to the +occipital. The sphenoid or bat-wing bone appears in the temples by its +wing, between the frontal and temporal, while in the centre of the +base its solid body is between the frontal and occipital. + +The sphenoid bone is in contact with organs of sensitive delicacy, +refinement, and inspiration, the occipital with organs of vital force, +the temporal with organs of appetite, excitement, and force, the +frontal with organs of intellect and refined benevolence, the parietal +with the organs of virtue, amiability, self control, and general +strength of character, which make a superior person. + +Modern anatomists do not divide the brain into front, middle, and +occipital lobes as would seem most natural, by erecting vertical lines +from their bases, but follow up the oblique courses of the +convolutions so as to extend the front lobe into the upper surface of +the brain, and extend the middle lobe from the middle of the upper +surface backward into the region of Self Confidence, giving the name +of temporo-sphenoidal to its lower portion behind the sockets of the +eyes and over the ears, which name is taken from the temporal bone, +that contains the apparatus of hearing, forming the middle of the +basis of the skull, and the sphenoid bone, which lies just back of the +sockets of the eyes, supporting the front end of the lower portion of +the middle lobe, called temporo-sphenoidal. + +[Illustration] + +The sphenoid bone thus sustains the region of Sensibility, while the +temporal bone lodges the organs of the most sensual, selfish, and +violent impulses, the action of which is downward into the muscular +and visceral organs of the body. The sphenoid bone as it extends up +touches the base of the front lobe and of the Ideal region, where it +assumes the name of Somnolence. (See the profile view of the cranium.) + +The upper portion of the middle lobe has been given the name of +parietal, as it has a general correspondence with the parietal bones, +while the occipital lobe has a general correspondence in position with +the occipital bone, as will be seen by comparing the plan of the brain +seen in profile with the engraving of the cranium. + +The _plan_ of the brain is given, instead of an engraving of the +actual convoluted surface, to simplify the study to the learner. An +examination of the brain itself or of a good model offers at first +sight such a vague and irregular mass of convolutions, differing so +much in different brains, that any systematic arrangement would seem +impossible. But by studying the subject more extensively and +considering the structure of the simpler brains of animals, in which +the complexity of the human brain is reduced to simpler forms, a mode +of grouping and classifying the convolutions has been adopted by +anatomists which is illustrated by the engraving, in which we see, not +the numerous convolutions of a well developed human brain, but the +groups in which they have been arranged by the aid of comparative +anatomy. + +The front lobe is grouped into the superior, middle, and inferior +convolutions, or groups of convolutions, and the ascending frontal; +but the inspection of a brain would show an irregularity of forms in +which a casual observer would be puzzled to trace this arrangement. + +The appearance of the brain, divested of its membranes, when we look +upon its superior surface, is shown in the annexed engraving, in which +it is presented as it lies in the head when the cranium and membranes +are removed which form the rim of the figure. The front lobe is the +upper portion, and the outline of the nose is just visible. In the +full exposition of this subject hereafter in a larger work, I propose +to show the exact seats of the various functions in the convolutions, +which are much more irregular than the angular figures we make on the +surface of the head to show the average positions of organs. Of course +no intelligent person supposes the psychological maps and busts of the +organs to be representations of the brain, or anything more than +approximations to the true interior organology, which, however, do not +lead to any great error, as adjacent portions of convolutions have +very analogous functions. + +[Illustration] + +When we place the brain on its upper surface and inspect the bottom, +we observe at the back the cerebellum, which dips into the neck, the +middle lobe, which is over the ears and the side face, and the front +lobe, which rests over the eyes. + +We observe posteriorly the medulla oblongata, on the face of which we +may observe the crossing of the fibres, and on the side of which we +observe the origins of many nerves. Above the medulla we observe the +pons Varolii, just above which we observe the fibres ascending to each +hemisphere under the name of _crus cerebri_, or thigh of the cerebrum. +Next we see the optic nerves crossing on the median line, the +olfactory nerve, running under the front lobe, which is separated by +the fissure of Sylvius from the middle lobe. There is also a glimpse +of the corpus callosum at its anterior end, obtained by pulling the +front lobes apart at the median line. + +[Illustration] + +Let us next cut through the head exactly on the median line, dividing +the right and left hemispheres, and look at the inner face of the +right hemisphere. We observe that it has convolutions, just like the +exterior surface, which do not join across the median line, but are +separated from those of the left hemisphere by a firm membrane (an +extension of the dura mater or principal investing membrane) called +the falx, which is removed, leaving the convolutions in view. + +The reader will observe that it is only in the lower portion of the +engraving that he sees any surfaces produced by cutting to separate +the right and left halves of the brain. It is by these structures +which are here divided that the right and left halves are connected, +so that the whole brain is adapted to acting in a unitary manner. + +The first section we encounter as we pass down is that of the _corpus +callosum_, a body of white fibre firmer than the external surface of +the brain, and therefore called the corpus callosum or callous body, +which consists of white nerve fibres gathered in from nearly all parts +of the brain on each side and crossing the median line. We may regard +it as a mass of representative fibres rooted in the soft substance of +the convolutions or gray matter of the brain generally, and thus +connecting across the median line the corresponding parts of the right +and left brain. + +[Illustration] + +It must be borne in mind that the brain like the body is double, and +that every organ is fully developed in each brain, so that no amount +of injury or paralysis of organs would deprive us of any faculty, +unless corresponding parts were destroyed in each hemisphere. + +The left brain governs the right half of the body, and the right brain +governs the left half, the connecting fibres having their crossing +(called decussation) in the spinal cord. Hence the left brain is +usually more fully developed in the occipital and basilar regions than +the right, in right handed people, as may frequently be detected by a +careful examination of the head, or an inspection of the interior the +skull. The left brain, also, seems to have a general ascendency over +the right; so that paralysis of speech is most generally produced by +disease in the region of language on the left side. + +Whatever occurs on one side of the body is in relation to the opposite +side of the head. Paralysis, if not dependent on the spinal cord, is +dependent on the basilar region of the opposite side of they brain; +and conditions of the right eye affect the lower margin of the left +front lobe, in which the perceptive organs are situated. + +If we thrust our fingers into the brain immediately under the corpus +callosum, pushing away the delicate little structure called the +_septum lucidum_ (or translucent septum), and pressing down fornix +(which is a thin, horizontal nerve membrane) we find that our fingers +enter a cavity by pressing its walls apart, of which the corpus +callosum is the vault or roof,--a cavity which may be explored back +and forth, far into the interior of the occipital lobe within an inch +of the surface, and far into the front lobe, near the surface of the +frontal convolutions, as well as downwards and forwards into the +bottom of the middle lobe (the part called temporo-sphenoidal). These +extensions of this great cavity or ventricle are called the anterior +and posterior horns (_cornua_) and the descending horn (_cornu_). + +Their importance arises from the fact that in these ventricles of the +right and left sides of the brain a watery fluid, effused from the +blood, called serum, exists, which also extends downward along the +spinal cord, and which has to do with the pressure and equilibrium of +the various parts. When there is a strong pressure of blood to the +brain on account of its unusual activity, especially in the activity +of the emotions, the serum of the ventricles and also in the substance +of the brain is absorbed, and the brain acquires a more compact +texture, which is found in all persons of strong mentality, the brain +being hardened by exercise, as well as the muscles. But when the +action of the brain is feeble, and the blood in an impoverished +condition, there is a greater tendency to the exudation of fluid; the +substance of the brain is thereby softened, and serum, to the extent +of one or more ounces, is frequently found in the ventricles, +especially when the brain is much impaired by disease of its +substance. In some cases of hydrocephalus pints of serum are effused, +distending the brain and head enormously, and in many cases of +insanity the ventricles and membranes of the brain are distended with +serum. "Pritchard on Insanity" speaks of this distention of the +ventricles, which were "very full of serum" in twenty-nine out of a +hundred cases, and "in twenty-three ready to burst," and "in ten among +twenty-four melancholies astonishingly distended." Dr. Spurzheim +dissected a case of hydrocephalus, child of eighteen months, with two +and a half pounds of water in the membranes of the brain; and James +Cardinal, who died at the age of thirty years in London, had a pint of +water in the lateral ventricles, and about nine pints between the +brain and its membranes. + + + + +BUSINESS DEPARTMENT. + +[Hand pointing right] _The first two numbers of the_ JOURNAL _were +unavoidably delayed. The May number will appear in advance of the +month._ + + +The BUSINESS DEPARTMENT of the Journal deserves the attention of all +its readers, as it will be devoted to matters of general interest and +real value. The treatment of the opium habit by Dr. Hoffman is +original and successful. Dr. Hoffman is one of the most gifted members +of the medical profession. The electric apparatus of D. H. Fitch is +that which I have found the most useful and satisfactory in my own +practice. Mr. Fitch has recently perfected certain improvements in the +Galvanic Battery, which enables him to furnish the best and cheapest +which has ever been offered by any manufacturer. The _American +Spectator_, edited by Dr. B. O. Flower, is conducted with ability and +good taste, making an interesting family paper, containing valuable +hygienic and medical instruction, at a remarkably low price. It is +destined to have a very extensive circulation. I have written several +essays in commendation of the treatment of disease by oxygen gas, and +its three compounds, nitrous oxide, per-oxide and ozone. What is +needed for its general introduction is a convenient portable +apparatus. This is now furnished by Dr. B. M. Lawrence, at Hartford, +Connecticut. A line addressed to him will procure the necessary +information in his pamphlet on that subject. He can be consulted free +of charge. + + +Dr. W. F. Richardson of 875 Washington Street is one of the most +successful practitioners we have, as any one will realize who employs +him. Without specifying his numerous cases I would merely mention that +he has recently cured in a single treatment an obstinate case of +chronic disease which had baffled the best physicians of Boston and +Lowell. + + +Dr. K. MEYENBERG, who is the Boston agent for Oxygen Treatment, is a +most honorable, modest, and unselfish gentleman, whose superior +natural powers as a magnetic healer have been demonstrated during +eighteen years' practice in Washington City. Some of his cures have +been truly marvelous. He has recently located in Boston as a magnetic +physician. + + * * * * * + + +College of Therapeutics. + + +The large amount of scientific and therapeutic knowledge developed by +recent discoveries, but not yet admitted into the slow-moving medical +colleges, renders it important to all young men of liberal minds--to +all who aim at the highest rank in their profession--to all who are +strictly conscientious and faithful in the discharge of their duties +to patients under their care, to have an institution in which their +education can be completed by a preliminary or a post-graduate course +of instruction. + +The amount of practically useful knowledge of the healing art which is +absolutely excluded from the curriculum of old style medical colleges +is greater than all they teach--not greater than the adjunct sciences +and learning of a medical course which burden the mind to the +exclusion of much useful therapeutic knowledge, but greater than all +the curative resources embodied in their instruction. + +The most important of these therapeutic resources which have sometimes +been partially applied by untrained persons are now presented in the +College of Therapeutics, in which is taught not the knowledge which is +now represented by the degree of M. D., but a more profound knowledge +which gives its pupils immense advantages over the common graduate in +medicine. + +Therapeutic Sarcognomy, a science often demonstrated and endorsed by +able physicians, gives the anatomy not of the physical structure, but +of the vital forces of the body and soul as located in every portion +of the constitution--a science vastly more important than physical +anatomy, as the anatomy of life is more important than the anatomy of +death. Sarcognomy is the true basis of medical practice, while anatomy +is the basis only of operative surgery and obstetrics. + +Indeed, every magnetic or electric practitioner ought to attend such a +course of instruction to become entirely skilful in the correct +treatment of disease. + +In addition to the above instruction, special attention will be given +to the science and art of Psychometry--the most important addition in +modern times to the practice of medicine, as it gives the physician +the most perfect diagnosis of disease that is attainable, and the +power of extending his practice successfully to patients at any +distance. The methods of treatment used by spiritual mediums and "mind +cure" practitioners will also be philosophically explained. + +The course of instruction will begin on Monday, the 2d of May, and +continue six weeks. The fee for attendance on the course will be $25. +To students who have attended heretofore the fee will be $15. For +further information address the president, + + JOSEPH RODES BUCHANAN, M. D. + 6 JAMES ST., BOSTON. + +The sentiments of those who have attended these courses of instruction +during the last eight years were concisely expressed in the following +statement, which was unanimously signed and presented to Dr. Buchanan +by those attending his last course in Boston. + +"The undersigned, attendant upon the seventh session of the College of +Therapeutics, have been delighted with the profound and wonderful +instructions received, and as it is the duty of all who become +acquainted with new truths of great importance to the world, to assist +in their diffusion, we offer our free and grateful testimony in the +following resolutions: + +"_Resolved_, That the lectures and experiments of Prof. Buchanan have +not only clearly taught, but absolutely demonstrated, the science of +Sarcognomy, by experiments in which we were personally engaged, and in +which we cannot possibly have been mistaken. + +"_Resolved_, That we regard Sarcognomy as the most important addition +ever made to physiological science by any individual, and as the basis +of the only possible scientific system of Electro-Therapeutics, the +system which we have seen demonstrated in all its details by Prof. +Buchanan, producing results which we could not have believed without +witnessing the demonstration. + +"_Resolved_, That Therapeutic Sarcognomy is a system of science of the +highest importance, alike to the magnetic healer, to the +electro-therapeutist, and to the medical practitioner,--giving great +advantages to those who thoroughly understand it, and destined to +carry the fame of its discoverer to the remotest future ages." + + * * * * * + + The "Chlorine" Galvanic and Faradic Batteries. + + APPARATUS AND MATERIALS. + + Description, Prices, and Testimonials Mailed Free, on Application. + + + AURORA, ILL., Dec. 24, 1886. + +D. H. FITCH, Cazenovia, N. Y.: + +I am very glad to inform you that the battery which I purchased from +you seven months ago is better than you represented it, and works as +well to-day as it did on the first day. + +The cells have not been looked at since they were first placed in the +cabinet. The battery is always ready and has never disappointed me. + + Resp'y yours, + H. G. GABEL, M. D. + + TYLER, TEX., Feb. 11, 1886. + +D. H. FITCH, ESQ., Cazenovia, N. Y.: + +I am so well pleased with your "Chlorine Faradic Machine" that I now +use it in preference to any other. The current is so smooth and +regular that patients like it and seem to derive more benefit from it +than from the same strength of current from any other battery that I +have used. I would not be without it for many times its cost. + + S. F. STARLEY, M. D. + + + D. H. FITCH, + + P.O. Box 75. Cazenovia, N. Y. + + * * * * * + + THE SPIRITUAL OFFERING, + + LARGE EIGHT-PAGE, WEEKLY JOURNAL, DEVOTED TO THE ADVOCACY OF + SPIRITUALISM IN ITS RELIGIOUS, SCIENTIFIC, AND HUMANITARIAN ASPECTS. + + COL. D. M. FOX, Publisher. + + D. M. & NETTIE P. FOX .... EDITORS. + + + EDITORIAL CONTRIBUTORS. + +Prof. Henry Kiddle, No. 7 East 130th St., New York City. + +"Ouina," through her medium, Mrs. Cora L. V. Richmond, 64 Union Park +Place, Chicago, Ill. + +Among its contributors will be found our oldest and ablest writers. In +it will be found Lectures, Essays upon Scientific, Philosophical, and +Spiritual subjects, Spirit Communications and Messages. + +A Young Folks' Department has recently been added, edited by _Ouina_, +through her medium, Mrs. Cora L. V. Richmond; also a Department, "THE +OFFERING'S School for Young and Old," A. Danforth, of Boston, Mass., +Principal. + + +TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: Per Year. $2.00; Six Months, $1.00; Three +Months, 50 cents. + +Any person wanting the _Offering_, who is unable to pay more than +$1.50 per annum, and will so notify us, shall have it at that rate. +The price will be the same if ordered as a present to friends. + +In remitting by mail, a Post-Office Money Order on Ottumwa, or Draft +on a Bank or Banking House in Chicago or New York City, payable to the +order of D. M. Fox, is preferable to Bank Notes. Single copies 5 +cents; newsdealers 3 cents, payable in advance, monthly or quarterly. + +RATES OF ADVERTISING.--Each line of nonpareil type, 15 cents for first +insertion and 10 cents for each subsequent insertion. Payment in +advance. + +[Hand pointing right] The circulation of the OFFERING in every State +and Territory now makes it a very desirable paper for advertisers. +Address, + + SPIRITUAL OFFERING, Ottumwa, Iowa + + * * * * * + + + Religio-Philosophical Journal. + + ESTABLISHED 1865. + + PUBLISHED WEEKLY AT + + 92 La Salle Street, Chicago, + + BY JOHN C. BUNDY, + +TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION IN ADVANCE: + +One copy, one year $2.50 + +Single copies, 5 cents. Specimen copy free. + +All letters and communications should be addressed, and all +remittances made payable to + + JOHN C. BUNDY, Chicago, Ill. + +A Paper for all who Sincerely and Intelligently Seek Truth without +regard to Sect or Party. + +Press, Pulpit, and People Proclaim its Merits. + +_Concurrent Commendations from Widely Opposite Sources._ + +Is the ablest Spiritualist paper in America.... Mr. Bundy has earned +the respect of all lovers of the truth, by his sincerity and +courage.--_Boston Evening Transcript._ + +I have a most thorough respect for the JOURNAL, and believe its editor +and proprietor is disposed to treat the whole subject of spiritualism +fairly.--_Rev. M. J. Savage (Unitarian) Boston._ + +I wish you the fullest success in your courageous course.--_R. Heber +Newton, D. D._ + +Your course has made spiritualism respected by the secular press +as it never has been before, and compelled an honorable +recognition.--_Hudson Tuttle, Author and Lecturer._ + +I read your paper every week with great interest.--_H. W. Thomas, D. D., +Chicago._ + +I congratulate you on the management of the paper.... I indorse your +position as to the investigation of the phenomena.--_Samuel Watson, D. D., +Memphis, Tenn._ + + * * * * * + + W. F. RICHARDSON, + + MAGNETIC PHYSICIAN, + + 875 Washington Street, Boston. + +Having had several years' practice, in which his powers as a healer +have been tested, and been surprising to himself and friends, and +having been thoroughly instructed in the science of Sarcognomy, offers +his services to the public with entire confidence that he will be able +to relieve or cure all who apply. + +For his professional success he refers to Prof. Buchanan, and to +numerous citizens whose testimonials he can show. + + * * * * * + + LIGHT FOR THINKERS. + + THE PIONEER SPIRITUAL JOURNAL OF THE SOUTH. + + Issued Weekly at Chattanooga, Tenn. + + A. C. LADD Publisher. + G. W. KATES Editor. + + Assisted by a large corps of able writers. + + Terms of Subscription: + + One copy, one year $1.50 + One copy, six months .75 + One copy, three months .40 + Five copies, one year, one address 6.00 + Ten or more, one year, to one address, each 1.00 + Single copy, 5 cents. 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