diff options
| author | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-15 02:17:59 -0700 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-15 02:17:59 -0700 |
| commit | d668e33e5e24defb33318815a69af9e0ee03d982 (patch) | |
| tree | f84b4ea83d70fce81f06e63a4cb6d30047c90123 /25598-h | |
Diffstat (limited to '25598-h')
| -rw-r--r-- | 25598-h/25598-h.htm | 4414 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 25598-h/images/bookshelf.png | bin | 0 -> 14557 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 25598-h/images/cover.png | bin | 0 -> 90919 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 25598-h/images/drop_r.png | bin | 0 -> 589 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 25598-h/images/form.png | bin | 0 -> 33756 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 25598-h/images/logo.png | bin | 0 -> 2648 bytes |
6 files changed, 4414 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/25598-h/25598-h.htm b/25598-h/25598-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..32c15d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/25598-h/25598-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,4414 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> + <head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" /> + <title> + The Project Gutenberg eBook of Citizenship; a Manual for Voters, by Emma Guy Cromwell. + </title> + <style type="text/css"> +/*<![CDATA[ XML blockout */ +<!-- + body { + margin-left: 10%; + margin-right: 10%; + } + + em { + font-style: italic; + } + + h1,h2,h3,h4 { + clear: both; + text-align: center; + } + + h3 { + font-variant: small-caps; + } + + h4 { + font-variant: small-caps; + font-weight: normal; + } + + p { + clear: both; + margin-top: .75em; + text-align: justify; + } + + table { + border-collapse: collapse; + margin-left: auto; + margin-right: auto; + } + + td { + padding: 0em 1em; + } + + th { + padding: 0em 1em; + } + + ul { + list-style-type: none; + } + + .caption { + font-size: smaller; + font-weight: bold; + } + + .chapter_head { + font-size: 1.2em; + font-variant: small-caps; + font-weight: bold; + text-align: center; + } + + #cover { + background-image: url('images/cover.png'); + background-position: bottom; + background-repeat: no-repeat; + height: 500px; + margin: auto; + width: 295px; + } + + #cover h1 { + font-size: 20px; + padding-top: 60px; + } + + #cover p { + font-size: 10px; + line-height: 1.5em; + padding-top: 180px; + text-align: center; + } + + #cover .citizenship { + font-size: 1.2em; + } + + #cover .emma { + font-weight: bold; + } + + .dropcap { + clear: left; + float: left; + font-size: 50px; + height: 50px; + line-height: 50px; + margin: 0; + padding: 0; + text-align: center; + vertical-align: top; + } + + .droppedcap { + display: none; + } + + .figcenter { + margin: auto; + text-align: center; + } + + .first_para { + clear: none; + padding-top: 10px; + } + + .index_item { + width: 40em; + } + + .index_page { + text-align: right; + width: 10em; + } + + .intro_emma { + padding-right: 3em; + } + + .intro_signed { + text-align: right; + } + + .logo { + margin-bottom: 5em; + margin-left: auto; + margin-right: auto; + margin-top: 5em; + text-align: center; + } + + .pagenum { + font-size: 0.7em; + font-style: normal; + left: 92%; + position: absolute; + text-align: right; + } + + .section_break { + border-top: 2px solid gray; + clear: both; + margin-top: 2em; + margin-bottom: 2em; + margin-left: auto; + margin-right: auto; + width: 65%; + } + + .table_right { + text-align: right; + } + + #title_pages em { + font-variant: normal; + } + + #title_pages p { + font-variant: small-caps; + text-align: center; + } + + #title_pages .author { + margin-top: 3em; + } + + #title_pages .by { + font-size: 0.8em; + font-weight: bold; + } + + #title_pages .citizenship { + font-size: 2.2em; + font-weight: bold; + } + + #title_pages .emma { + font-size: 1.2em; + font-weight: bold; + } + + #title_pages .manual { + font-size: 1.5em; + font-weight: bold; + } + + #title_pages .pagenum { + font-variant: normal; + } + + #title_pages .sale_price { + font-size: 0.8em; + margin-top: 10em; + } + // --> + /* XML end ]]>*/ + </style> + </head> +<body> + + +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Citizenship, by Emma Guy Cromwell + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Citizenship + A Manual for Voters + +Author: Emma Guy Cromwell + +Release Date: May 25, 2008 [EBook #25598] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CITIZENSHIP *** + + + + +Produced by David Garcia, Chris Logan and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Kentuckiana Digital Library) + + + + + + +</pre> + + + +<div id="cover"> +<h1><span class="citizenship">CITIZENSHIP</span><br /><br /> +A MANUAL<br /> +<em>for</em> VOTERS</h1> + +<p><em>By</em><br /> +<span class="emma">EMMA GUY CROMWELL</span></p> +</div> + + +<div class="section_break"></div> +<div id="title_pages"> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[Pg 1]</a></span></p> + +<p><span class="citizenship">Citizenship</span><br /><br /> +<span class="manual">A MANUAL <em>for</em> VOTERS</span></p> + +<div class="logo" style="width: 150px;"> +<img src="images/logo.png" width="150" height="105" alt="Logo" title="Logo" /> +</div> + +<p><span class="by">BY</span><br /> +<span class="emma">Emma Guy Cromwell</span></p> + +<p class="author"><em>Author of</em></p> + +<p>Cromwell's Compendium <em>of</em> Parliamentary Law<br /> +formerly state librarian <em>of</em> kentucky<br /> +<em>and</em> enrolling clerk <em>of</em><br /> +house <em>of</em> representatives</p> + +<p class="sale_price">SALE PRICE PER COPY, PAPER BINDING, 75c; CLOTH BINDING, $1.25<br /> +<em>Address</em> EMMA GUY CROMWELL, <em>Frankfort, Ky</em>.</p> + + + +<div class="section_break"></div> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">[Pg 2]</a></span> +Copyright 1920<br /> +by<br /> +Emma Guy Cromwell</p> + + + +<div class="section_break"></div> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[Pg 3]</a></span> +to<br /> +The New Voters <em>of</em> America<br /> +A Great Factor in Good Government<br /> +This Booklet<br /> +is Respectively Dedicated<br /> +by<br /> +The Author<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[Pg 4]</a></span></p> +</div> + + + +<div class="section_break"></div> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</a></span></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 431px;"> +<img src="images/bookshelf.png" width="431" height="114" alt="Bookshelf" title="Bookshelf" /> +</div> + +<h2><a name="Introduction" id="Introduction"></a><em>Introduction</em></h2> + + +<div class="dropcap" style="width: 39px;"> +<img src="images/drop_r.png" width="39" height="50" alt="R" title="R" /> +</div> +<p class="first_para"><span class="droppedcap">R</span>ealizing the need of a manual on citizenship for the new voters in +Kentucky, the author has endeavored to compile such information on the +government and its workings, as will be of use to all voters, +especially the ones just entering political life. A strong appeal is +made to the women voters of our nation to prepare themselves for +public life by keeping in touch with the issues of the day as well as +the functions of government. While it is a great privilege to take +part in public affairs, and study the questions of the day, so that we +can vote intelligently and criticize justly, let us not forget that +the home is the most sacred refuge of life, the nucleus around which +all pure and true civilization is formed, and that the chief end of +all good government is to improve and protect the home, the church and +the community.</p> + +<p>Will you take part in building up your government and establishing +"High Ideals" and true democracy?</p> + +<p class="intro_signed"><span class="intro_emma">EMMA GUY CROMWELL,</span><br /> +Frankfort, Ky.</p> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[Pg 6]</a></span></p> + + + +<div class="section_break"></div> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</a></span></p> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_I" id="CHAPTER_I"></a>CHAPTER I.</h2> + +<p class="chapter_head">Citizenship.</p> + + +<div class="dropcap">G</div> +<p class="first_para"><span class="droppedcap">G</span>ood citizenship means doing well one's part as a member of the +community in which he lives, and carries with it certain privileges +and duties.</p> + +<p>A citizen is one who has the rights and privileges of the inhabitants +of the community, state and nation, and as a duty should equip himself +so as to render the best citizenship possible.</p> + +<p>There are two classes of citizens; native born, and naturalized. +Persons born in the United States and children born of American +parents while abroad are native born. Naturalized citizens are aliens +who through the process of naturalization have attained citizenship. +Naturalization itself does not give the right to vote, as that is +determined by the state laws. Most states give all citizens the right +to vote who have lived in the state for one year, and about eleven +states permit aliens to vote provided they declare their intention of +becoming citizens.</p> + +<p>Congress has the power to decide the conditions upon which aliens may +become citizens.</p> + +<p>Citizenship carries with it the enjoyment of civil rights, as the +protection of the home and property, freedom of speech, religion, +press, protection of the laws, etc. Wherever you go your citizenship +goes with you, protecting and defending you. If you are in a foreign +country you must abide by the laws of that country, but should you be +treated unjustly the United States would protect you.</p> + +<p>Our country is a land of freedom and opportunity, and it is our duty +to help uplift the government, and as citizens we must study +conditions and know how to govern and be governed. We must be familiar +with our national and state Constitutions, for they are the +fundamental principles by which we are governed. We must know how to +make laws and how to have them executed. We must keep posted on the +issues of the day, and know something of the standing and character of +our public men and women.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</a></span>The citizen who does not possess some knowledge of his government and +its workings will become a prey to the demagogue, or of individuals +who are anxious to advance their own interest at the expense of the +people.</p> + +<p>It is the duty of every man and woman under the protection of our flag +to give his or her best to the country and be willing to take upon +themselves the burden as well as the privilege of government, and +fully appreciate the inheritance our fathers left. "They built the +foundation in the days of Washington and Jefferson, and as a duty we +must safeguard the building."</p> + +<p>Citizenship not only embraces civil rights, but political rights which +is the right of suffrage or voting.</p> + +<p>While civil rights are enjoyed by all men, women and children, +political rights are enjoyed only by citizens twenty-one years old and +over who possess the necessary qualifications to vote. Civil rights +and political rights are not the same, for all citizens are not +voters, neither are all voters citizens in the United States, as some +states permit aliens to vote before they get their citizenship paper, +making them real citizens.</p> + +<p>It is our duty to study our government and be posted on the issues of +the day. There are about 27,011,330 women voters in the United States. +We have the vote and let us not only count it a privilege but a duty +to do our part as citizens in establishing good government.</p> + +<p>There are two principal parties in the United States, the Democratic +party and the Republican party.</p> + +<p>The way to get good government is through the parties; that is one +reason women must choose their party and enter into the organization +of the party of their choice.</p> + +<p>Parties are just what their constituents make them.</p> + + +<h3>Government.</h3> + +<p>The word government means management or guidance and control.</p> + +<p>When we speak of the government of the nation, state, city, town or +county we refer to the management of public affairs.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</a></span>Government protects life and property, keeps an army and navy for our +defense, peace and order, regulates commerce and industry, supports +our public schools, keeps the roads and streets in good condition, +cares for public health, and many other things we enjoy.</p> + +<p>Our courts are maintained by the government where justice may be +found.</p> + +<p>The laws of our nation are the rules made by the government to guide +our actions. They tell us what we are to do, and what we are not to +do. We must obey the laws of our country or else be punished. We must +study the government of our nation, state, city, town and county, and +be ready to do our part in establishing good government, by making +proper laws and seeing they are enforced. As far back as 500 B. C. we +find in Athens lawmakers, judges and executive officers.</p> + +<p>The word government is derived from the Latin word gubernare, which +means to guide or "pilot a ship." Good government depends upon the +voters, and may our men and women of the United States pilot our ship +into a safe harbor.</p> + +<p>The United States is both a Democracy and a Republic.</p> + +<p>A Democracy is a government by the people in which the will of the +people prevails throughout the country. "This is the fundamental +principle of American government."</p> + +<p>A Republic is a democracy where the people elect representatives to +carry on the government.</p> + + +<h3>Constitution.</h3> + +<p>When the colonies became independent states each state drew up a +charter which recognized its people as authority in government. +Instead of calling this new instrument a charter they changed the name +and called it a "Constitution."</p> + +<p>This Constitution is the foundation upon which our government is +built. After the thirteen original colonies had established their +independence they formed a central government known and expressed in +the Constitution of the United States which is our fundamental law.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</a></span>In the preamble of the Constitution of the United States we find the +general purpose for which government is instituted:</p> + +<p>"We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect +union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the +common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings +of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish +this Constitution for the United States of America."</p> + +<p>The Constitution of the United States is our fundamental law and no +state constitution can conflict with our Federal Constitution.</p> + +<p>There are now forty-eight states in the United States with forty-eight +constitutions framed upon the Federal Constitution. Each state has its +own constitution, which in no way conflicts with the Federal +Constitution.</p> + +<p>The first Constitution of Kentucky was adopted April 3, 1792, at a +convention that met in Danville, and later on June 1st, 1792, Kentucky +was admitted into the union as a state.</p> + +<p>Our government is conducted according to our National and State +Constitutions.</p> + +<p>In every constitution there is a provision for making a change. These +changes are called amendments. An amendment is a law passed by the +General Assembly and adopted by a majority of the voters.</p> + +<p>An amendment to the Kentucky Constitution requires a three-fifths vote +of the members in both houses of the legislature to pass, and then it +is submitted by the General Assembly to the voters of the State, which +requires a majority of the voters to be adopted.</p> + +<p>The legislature cannot repeal an amendment to the Constitution, or +pass laws contrary to its provision. The session of nineteen and +twenty in Kentucky passed two amendments pertaining to school matters. +One provides for the appointment of the Superintendent of Public +Instruction by the Governor, and the other amendment provides: "That +the General Assembly have the power to distribute the school funds."</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</a></span>At the next general election we will vote on these two amendments. If +the majority of the voters vote yes, this change will be made, and the +General Assembly will have the power to distribute the school funds +and the Governor will appoint the Superintendent of Public +Instruction.</p> + +<p>The Federal Constitution may be amended by two-thirds vote of each +House of Congress, and if passed must be referred to the state +legislatures for ratification.</p> + +<p>The amendments to the Constitution of the United States do not become +a part of the Constitution until ratified by three-fourths of the +States, which is now thirty-six states—there being forty-eight states +in the union.</p> + +<p>There are now eighteen amendments to the Federal Constitution. The +nineteenth amendment on "Suffrage" is still pending, needing only one +more state to give universal suffrage to women.</p> + +<p>An amendment to a constitution is simply changing some of its +provisions, but a revision is a recasting of the whole constitution. +Both require the consent of the voters of the State.</p> + +<p>As we have said the revision usually takes place by means of a +convention of delegates elected for that purpose by the people.</p> + +<p>"One of the most important parts of every state constitution is the +'Bill of Rights,' which is a statement of the rights which must not be +infringed on by the government."</p> + +<p>In the revision of a state constitution the legislature submits to the +people the question of calling a convention to frame a new +constitution. If the voters are in favor of a convention they elect +delegates to the convention to assist in revising the constitution. +The revised constitution is nearly always submitted to the people to +vote upon.</p> + +<p>The amendment known as the eighteenth amendment passed during +President Wilson's term of office and is one of great importance to +our nation in the protection of the home and humanity. This amendment +prohibiting the manufacture and sale of intoxicating liquors, reads as +follows:</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</a></span>"Sec. 1. After one year from the ratification of this article, the +manufacture, sale and transportation of intoxicating liquors within, +the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the +United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof +for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited.</p> + +<p>"Sec. 2. The Congress and the several states shall have concurrent +power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation."</p> + +<p>There are now eighteen amendments to our Federal Constitution, and +there has never been an amendment repealed.</p> + +<p>The nineteenth amendment known as the suffrage amendment passed both +houses of Congress on May 21st and June 4th, 1919, submitting to the +states a proposed amendment to the Federal Constitution extending +suffrage to women. The first state to take action was Wisconsin, whose +legislature, June 5th, 1919, ratified the amendment. Other state +ratifications were Michigan, June 10th, Kansas, New York and Ohio, +June 16th, Illinois, June 17th, Pennsylvania, June 24th, +Massachusetts, June 25th, Texas, June 28th, Iowa, July 2nd, Missouri, +July 3rd, Arkansas, July 28th, Montana, July 30th, Nebraska, August +1st, Minnesota, September 8th, New Hampshire, September 10th, Utah, +September 30th, California, November 1st, Maine, November 5th, North +Dakota, December 1st, South Dakota, December 4th, Kentucky, January +6th, 1920.</p> + +<p>The proposed amendment reads as follows:</p> + +<p>"Sec. 1. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not +be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account +of sex.</p> + +<p>"Sec. 2. Congress shall have power, by appropriate legislation, to +enforce the provisions of this article."</p> + +<p>The following states had granted state wide woman's suffrage: Wyoming +1869, Colorado 1893, Utah 1896, Idaho 1896, Washington 1910, +California 1911, Kansas, Arizona and Oregon 1912, Territory of Alaska +1913, Montana and Nevada 1914, New York 1917, Michigan, Oklahoma, +South Dakota 1918.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</a></span>Amendments to the Federal Constitution may be proposed by Congress by +two-thirds vote, then submitted to the states for ratification by at +least three-fourths of the states acting through their legislatures +(or through state conventions as Congress may indicate, or Congress +may call a national convention for this purpose).</p> + +<p>As has been said eighteen amendments to the National Constitution have +been made since its adoption. The nineteenth amendment will soon be +adopted in full as it only needs one more state to make the +three-fourths or thirty-six states which will give us universal +suffrage throughout the United States.</p> + +<p>Let us remember that the Constitution of the United States is the +supreme law of the land, and no law will stand in our courts that is +in violation of our National Constitution.</p> + + + +<div class="section_break"></div> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[Pg 14]</a></span></p> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_II" id="CHAPTER_II"></a>CHAPTER II.</h2> + +<p class="chapter_head">Kinds of Government.</p> + + +<div class="dropcap">F</div> +<p class="first_para"><span class="droppedcap">F</span>or convenience the United States is divided into forty-eight states +and each state is divided into counties. Kentucky has one hundred and +twenty counties.</p> + +<p>We have National, State, county, town and city government.</p> + + +<h3>Federal or National Government.</h3> + +<p>The Federal or National government, as in state government, is divided +into three parts. The legislative which makes the laws. The judicial +which interprets or explains the laws. The executive which enforces +the laws.</p> + +<p>Legislative: The legislative department is called the Congress and is +composed of the House of Representatives and the Senate.</p> + +<p>The members of the House of Representatives are elected every two +years.</p> + +<p>The number of representatives in a state is apportioned according to +population, and the congressional district from which a member is +elected is determined by the legislature of each state.</p> + +<p>Kentucky has eleven congressional districts, therefore eleven +congressmen elected by the people.</p> + +<p>To be a member of the House of Representatives in Congress the man or +woman must be twenty-five years old, a citizen of the United States at +least seven years, and a resident of the state from which he is +chosen. He receives a salary of $7,500 per year, and an allowance for +clerk, stationery and traveling expenses.</p> + +<p>Every state is entitled to at least one representative. There are now +four hundred and thirty-five members in the House of Representatives +in Congress.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</a></span>When the members of a new House of Representatives meet the clerk of +the previous House calls them to order and the roll is called by +states. If a quorum is present they elect a speaker from among the +members of the House who takes his seat immediately. The other +officers are elected as the clerk, sergeant-at-arms and doorkeeper. +The rules of the House define the duties of the speaker.</p> + +<p>The work of the House of Representatives is done through committees. +When a bill is introduced it is referred to a committee and this +committee may report it back to the House either favorably or +unfavorably, or they may not report it at all. If reported favorably +it has a chance of receiving consideration.</p> + +<p>Much of the work of Congress is done in the committee rooms. This is +why the selection of committees is so important.</p> + +<p>When a bill is reported favorably by a committee it is placed upon the +calendar which is a register of bills. Then the fate of the bill rests +with the rules committee of the House.</p> + +<p>The committee on rules, as other committees, is elected by the House. +The party in power usually determines the selection of this committee.</p> + +<p>Impeachment: If a high official is charged with misconduct in office +the House of Representatives would impeach him and if found guilty, +the impeachment is carried to the Senate to be tried. The U. S. Senate +sits as a court of justice.</p> + +<p>Six judges, one President and one Secretary of War have been impeached +by the House of Representatives.</p> + +<p>Revenue: All bills for raising revenue must originate in the House of +Representatives.</p> + + +<h3>United States Senate.</h3> + +<p>The Senate has ninety-six members, two from every state in the union, +and are elected for six years, receiving a salary of $7,500 a year. +The presiding officer of the Senate is the Vice President of the +United States.</p> + +<p>The United States Senators are elected by the direct voice of the +voters of the state according to the 17th amendment to the National +Constitution passed in 1913.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[Pg 16]</a></span>A United States Senator must be thirty years old, a citizen of the +United States for nine years, and must live in the state from which he +is elected.</p> + +<p>The term of office of only one-third of the Senators expires at the +same time, so at least two-thirds of the Senate is not new.</p> + +<p>The Senate must confirm all appointments made by the President and +must ratify all treaties made by him with a two-thirds vote.</p> + +<p>Bills originate in the Senate in the same way as in the House, +referred to a committee and their course is directly the same. When +passed by both Houses the President has ten days to sign or veto them. +Without his signature they become a law, unless Congress by adjourning +prevents the return within ten days.</p> + +<p>The committees of the Senate are elected by its members.</p> + +<p>Bills are passed in Congress similar to that in the legislature of a +state. They are introduced by a member in either house and must pass +both houses, then signed by the presiding officers and clerks and go +to the President for his signature or veto.</p> + +<p>The sessions are yearly, beginning on the first Monday in December, +and last until March 4th; this is known as the short session. The long +session occurs in odd numbered years and continues until it is +adjourned. The President has the power to call special sessions of +Congress.</p> + + +<h3>Judicial Department.</h3> + +<p>The Federal courts derive their powers and jurisdiction from the +Constitution and laws of the United States.</p> + +<p>"The judicial powers of the United States shall be vested in one +Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as Congress may from time +to time establish."</p> + +<p>The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest and most +powerful judicial body in the world.</p> + +<p>It holds its regular sessions at Washington, sitting from October to +July.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[Pg 17]</a></span>The chief justice and eight associate justices constitute the Supreme +Court of the United States, and are appointed for life by the +President of the United States and confirmed by the United States +Senate.</p> + +<p>The salary of the chief justice is $15,000.00 per year, and of the +associate justices $14,000.00 per year.</p> + +<p>Six judges must be present in the trial of a case and a majority is +necessary in rendering a decision.</p> + +<p>The district judges receive a salary of $6,000.00 annually and the +judges of the appeals court $7,000.00 annually.</p> + +<p>The judges cannot be removed except for cause, and then they are +impeached in the House of Representatives and tried in the United +States Senate.</p> + +<p>The principal Federal courts that have been organized by Congress are: +The Supreme Court, the Circuit Court of Appeals, the Circuit Court, +the District Court.</p> + +<p>A United States judge if he has served ten years may retire on full +salary when seventy years old.</p> + + +<h3>Executive Department.</h3> + +<p>The most important offices in the United States are the President and +Vice President. They are legally elected by electors chosen by the +voters of the forty-eight states.</p> + +<p>The President of the United States must be a natural born citizen +living in this country for fourteen years at least, and must be +thirty-five years old.</p> + +<p>He is elected for four years and receives a salary of $75,000.00 +annually and residence. Congress makes other allowances for expenses.</p> + +<p>The President is the Commander in Chief of the army and navy. He +appoints every administrative officer except the Vice President. He +may call extra sessions, and may veto bills, which Congress can pass +over his veto with a two-thirds majority in each House. He represents +the United States in all dealings with foreign powers.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[Pg 18]</a></span>The President appoints the members of his cabinet, but said +appointments must be approved by the United States Senate.</p> + +<p>The Cabinet consist of a Secretary of State, Treasury, War, Navy, +Agriculture, Commerce, Labor, Interior, the Attorney General and +Postmaster General.</p> + +<p>Each member of the Cabinet receives a salary of $12,000.00 annually.</p> + +<p>The Secretary of State is the first in rank among the Cabinet +officers, and in case of the death of the President and Vice President +would succeed to the office of President.</p> + +<p>The financial manager of the national government is the Secretary of +the Treasury.</p> + +<p>The Secretary of War has charge of the military affairs of the nation +under the direction of the President. He also looks after river and +harbor improvements, and all obstructions to navigation.</p> + +<p>The Attorney General is the chief law officer of the government.</p> + +<p>The Postmaster General has charge of the Post Office Department.</p> + +<p>The Secretary of Navy has charge of the construction and equipment of +vessels of war.</p> + +<p>The Secretary of Interior has charge of matters pertaining to the +internal welfare of the nation, as public lands, care of national +parks, the giving of patents for inventions, Indian affairs, +education, etc.</p> + +<p>The Secretary of Agriculture promotes the general agricultural +interests of the country.</p> + +<p>The Secretary of Commerce promotes the commercial interest of the +nation.</p> + +<p>The Secretary of Labor promotes and develops the welfare of the wage +earner of the United States, by improving the working conditions and +advancing their opportunities for better employment.</p> + +<p>The Vice President of the United States must have the same +qualifications as the President.</p> + +<p>He receives a salary of $12,000.00 annually.</p> + + +<h3>Treaties.</h3> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[Pg 19]</a></span>The framers of the National Constitution gave the United States Senate +two important executive powers especially—first, approving treaties. +Second, confirming appointments made by the President. All treaties in +order to be ratified must receive a two-thirds vote of the Senators +present when the vote was taken.</p> + +<p>When a treaty has been drawn up the President consults with the +Committee on Foreign Relations and the Senate. "Treaties are +considered in secret session. The Senate may approve or reject a +treaty as a whole; or they may ratify it in part by recommending +additional articles as amendments, but the treaty does not become a +law until the President and the foreign power agree to the amendment."</p> + +<p>While the Senate may approve, reject or change the terms of a treaty, +all changes must be agreed to by the President and the nation +interested. When accepted by both nations duplicate parchment copies +are made, and both copies are signed by the chief officers of each +country and then exchanged. This is called the "exchange of +ratification." Each nation secures an official copy of the treaty. The +President publishes the treaty followed by a proclamation.</p> + +<p>The Constitution gives the President the power to negotiate treaties +and conventions with foreign countries. He conducts the negotiation +through the department of Secretary of State. The President keeps in +touch and consults with the Committee on Foreign Relations and with +the majority of the leaders in the Senate during negotiations.</p> + +<p>"The President shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of +the Senate, to make treaties, provided two-thirds of the Senators +present concur."</p> + +<p>The Federal Constitution makes treaties a part of the supreme law of +the land. Any conflicting provision of a state law or Constitution is +repealed.</p> + +<p>The League of Nations having failed to get the necessary two-thirds +vote in the United States Senate so far has not become a law. It is +opposed by a few senators which prevented it receiving the two-thirds +vote.</p> + + +<h3>Civil Service.</h3> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[Pg 20]</a></span>A great number of our offices of government are appointed and not +elected. Over 300,000 positions are filled under the national +government appointment. On January 16th, 1883, Congress passed the +Civil Service law which established a United States Civil Service +Commission composed of three members, of which not more than two +should belong to the same political party. The commission is appointed +by the President with the consent of the Senate.</p> + +<p>The ordinary "Civil Service" examinations are held twice a year at +different places in the country designated by the commission.</p> + +<p>This commission appoints boards of examiners who hold examinations at +least twice a year at Washington, D. C., and in the states and +territories.</p> + +<p>The commission encourages efficiency by promotion from lower to higher +grades of public service. Some of the places that come under the civil +service system are clerks in Washington connected with the national +government, officials in the postal service, the letter carriers and +clerks in post offices and railway mail service, employees in custom +houses, government printing office, Indian service and revenue +service.</p> + +<p>Senators and representatives are not allowed to recommend any +applicant to the board of examiners appointed by the commission.</p> + +<p>The examinations are practical and the questions pertain to the nature +of the work the applicant is to do.</p> + +<p>Persons employed in such public service are under obligations not to +contribute to any political fund, or to render service to any +political party.</p> + + + +<div class="section_break"></div> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[Pg 21]</a></span></p> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_III" id="CHAPTER_III"></a>CHAPTER III.</h2> + +<p class="chapter_head">State Government.</p> + + +<div class="dropcap">T</div> +<p class="first_para"><span class="droppedcap">T</span>he state constitution adopted by the voters is the fundamental law of +the state.</p> + +<p>A state Constitution cannot interfere with the Federal Constitution, +neither can the Federal Constitution interfere with the regulation of +the state. As has been said the Kentucky Constitution was adopted on +April 3, 1792, at a convention which met in Danville.</p> + +<p>A state Constitution is a law made by the people and cannot be changed +by the legislature, but may be amended or revised by the voters.</p> + +<p>Amendments are usually submitted to the legislature and then to the +voters.</p> + +<p>The revision of the Constitution is by means of a convention of +delegates elected by the people.</p> + +<p>The three departments of state governments are: The legislative, the +lawmaking power; the judicial, the law interpreting power; and the +executive, the law enforcing power.</p> + +<p>All state governments are divided into these three classes, the +legislative, judicial and executive.</p> + +<p>The legislature passes laws which govern people in their relation to +each other.</p> + +<p>The Kentucky legislature convenes at the capital at Frankfort every +two years on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in January and +remains in session for sixty working days, not including Sundays and +national holidays.</p> + +<p>It is composed of two houses, the House of Representatives, known as +the lower house with one hundred members, and the Senate, known as the +upper house with thirty-eight members.</p> + +<p>The Kentucky General Assembly is composed of one hundred and +thirty-eight members elected by the voters of the State in the +counties and districts in which they reside.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[Pg 22]</a></span>The State is divided into senatorial and representative districts, +with a representation based upon population.</p> + +<p>The term of office for Senators is four years. A Senator must be +thirty years old, a citizen of the United States for nine years and +must live in the State and district from which he is elected.</p> + +<p>A State Senator in Kentucky receives $10.00 per day for his services +during the sitting of the legislature, mileage to and from home at the +rate of ten cents per mile, and stationery.</p> + +<p>The Lieutenant Governor is the presiding officer of the Senate.</p> + +<p>The Senate sits as a court and tries all impeachments.</p> + +<p>The president pro tem. of the Senate is elected by the members of the +body, also the clerks, doorkeeper and pages.</p> + +<p>The president pro tem. presides in the absence of the Lieutenant +Governor, and in case of vacancy to this office would become +Lieutenant Governor.</p> + +<p>The president of the Senate appoints the standing committees, unless +the opposite party is in power, then the president pro tem. virtually +controls said appointments.</p> + +<p>To be a member of the House of Representatives a person must be +twenty-four years old.</p> + +<p>His term of office is only two years but he receives the same salary +as a Senator, $10.00 per day, mileage and stationery.</p> + +<p>The body elects its speaker and other officers, and has the sole power +of impeachment.</p> + +<p>The principal work in both houses are done through the committees +appointed by the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House.</p> + +<p>A bill is prepared and introduced by a member of the Senate or House. +If it pertains to revenue and taxation, it must originate in the House +of Representatives.</p> + +<p>When a bill is introduced the clerk of the body reads it by title +only. The President of the Senate or Speaker of the House<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[Pg 23]</a></span> then refers +it to the proper committee (of the body in which the bill originated). +It is numbered and ordered printed when referred to the committee. The +committee considers the bill and usually reports it back with +expression of opinion that it should or should not pass to the body in +which it originated. (The committee may pigeonhole it and not report +it, or may report it too late for action by the body.)</p> + +<p>The bill and the report from the committee is printed and placed on +the calendar and takes its turn to be brought up for passage. (By +consent a bill is acted upon out of its turn.)</p> + +<p>The bill is taken in its regular order from the calendar and read the +second time in full by the clerk. It is open to debate or amendment +unless the previous question is ordered, which if adopted cuts off +debate and amendment. Then the bill is read the third time by title +only. (Any member may demand the reading in full of the engrossed bill +if he desires.) It is then placed on its passage by the presiding +officer of the body, and if passed it is then transmitted to the +Senate by the House clerk, if a House bill. If a Senate bill, it is +taken by the Senate clerk to the House for consideration.</p> + +<p>A bill goes through the same form in either body, after which it is +returned to the body in which it originated with or without +amendments. If the bill is passed it goes into possession of the clerk +of the body in which it originated. Then the enrolling clerk of the +body in which the bill originated enrolls it verbatim from the +original. After it is enrolled it is compared by the committee on +enrollment in each House. If found correctly enrolled the chairman of +each committee reports it to the body, and it is compared again by the +clerks of each body and signed by the clerk of the body in which it +originated, also signed by the President of the Senate and the Speaker +of the House. (The presiding officer of the House in which it +originated signs first.) Then the clerk of that body takes it to the +Governor for his approval. If the Governor approves it he does so with +his signature. It becomes a law at once if it has an emergency clause; +otherwise, in ninety days after its signature by the Governor. It is +then filed with the Secretary of State.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[Pg 24]</a></span> Then later on the bills +passed during the session are compiled by the Attorney General and +known as the Acts of the General Assembly of that session. If the +Governor vetoes a bill while the Legislature is in session, it may be +taken up in the house in which it originated, and passed over his +veto, but must receive a two-thirds vote in each house.</p> + +<p>The Governor is allowed ten days after the General Assembly adjourns +for approving bills, and if not signed within that time they become +the law without his signature.</p> + +<p>The passage of a bill in all the states is about the same.</p> + + + +<div class="section_break"></div> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[Pg 25]</a></span></p> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_IV" id="CHAPTER_IV"></a>CHAPTER IV.</h2> + +<p class="chapter_head">Judiciary Department.</p> + + +<div class="dropcap">T</div> +<p class="first_para"><span class="droppedcap">T</span>he state courts derive their powers and jurisdiction from the +Constitution and laws of the state. The courts in different states go +by different names, yet the jurisdiction is about the same.</p> + +<p>The Court of Appeals is the highest court in Kentucky. It holds annual +sessions from about September fifteenth to about June twenty-second at +the State Capitol, Frankfort, Kentucky.</p> + +<p>Seven judges and one commissioner constitute the Court of Appeals in +Kentucky, and each receives a salary of five thousand dollars per +year, a clerk or secretary and an office furnished in the new capitol +building.</p> + +<p>A person to be a member of the Court of Appeals must be thirty-five +years old and a citizen of the State for five years. He must have +resided two years in the judicial district from which he is elected.</p> + +<p>The Court of Appeals or Supreme Court is the highest court of the +State. This court is the State court of last resort.</p> + +<p>The judges of the Court of Appeals are elected by the people for a +term of eight years, commencing on the first Monday in January +succeeding their election.</p> + +<p>The cases tried before the Court of Appeals are usually appealed to it +from the lower courts.</p> + +<p>There are certain classes of cases that come before the Court of +Appeals for first trial in which is involved the question of official +action of State officers.</p> + + +<h3>Circuit Court.</h3> + +<p>The circuit judge holds this court first in one county and then in +another until the circuit of the counties which compose his district +is completed.</p> + +<p>Circuit court is held in the court house of the county seat two or +three times a year, presided over by the judge of<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[Pg 26]</a></span> that district +elected by the voters. (In case of a vacancy the Governor of the State +appoints some lawyer to fill his place.) The majority of important +cases are tried in this court, because a jury trial may always be had +in the circuit court.</p> + +<p>The Constitution of the United States provides that every man or woman +shall have the right to trial by jury in all criminal cases, and in +civil cases involving a sum of more than $20.00.</p> + +<p>Twelve citizens known as a grand jury usually meet at the time the +circuit court convenes. All violations of law are investigated, and +persons found guilty are indicted by the grand jury.</p> + + +<h3>County Court.</h3> + +<p>The county court is held at the county seat of every county and is +presided over by the county judge. The county judge is elected by the +voters of the county.</p> + +<p>In this court civil suits are tried in which the sum involved is not +over $200.00. It tries the more important cases which do not come +before the justice of the peace court, or city police court.</p> + +<p>The county judge's office is the most important office in the county. +He probates wills and appoints executors, administrators, and +guardians. He is the head of the fiscal court which looks after all +the material interests of the county, as construction of roads, care +of paupers and the general interest of the county.</p> + + +<h3>Justice of the Peace Court.</h3> + +<p>The justice of the peace court is the lowest court and is held by a +justice of peace, called a magistrate, who is elected in that +magisterial district by the voters. Petty misdemeanors involving small +sums of money are tried in this court.</p> + +<p>The justices' courts are found in every community for protection and +convenience to the people.</p> + +<p>The magistrates are members of the fiscal court of the county.</p> + + +<h3>Police Court.</h3> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[Pg 27]</a></span>The police courts in towns and cities are similar to the justices' +courts. They are necessary in every city to try the petty +misdemeanors. A police judge is elected by the voters of the city and +tries all petty cases under his jurisdiction.</p> + + +<h3>Juries.</h3> + +<p>The grand jury is selected by the court and is composed of not less +than twelve responsible and qualified citizens. It is their duty to +make a faithful inquiry into all wrongs and violations of the law. +They call witnesses before them and make an investigation, and upon +sufficient proof against a person they have them indicted. The +proceedings of a grand jury are secret.</p> + +<p>The terms "jury" and trial by jury are quite different from a grand +jury. The grand jury investigates and inquires into all wrongs and +violations of the law and if the person accused is guilty returns an +indictment. Then the trial jury of twelve persons after hearing the +evidence given them in court returns their unanimous verdict one way +or other, otherwise a hung jury.</p> + +<p>There is a difference between a trial by jury and a grand jury. The +petit jury or trial by jury is composed of twelve men, honest and +upright citizens living within the jurisdictional limits of the court, +drawn and selected by officers free from all biased opinion and sworn +to render a true verdict according to the law and evidence given them. +Every citizen is entitled to a fair trial, even though the accused is +known to be guilty. The Constitution of the United States gives this +right to all citizens.</p> + +<p>The trial of all crimes shall be by jury except in impeachment. The +Constitution provides that the trial be held in the state where the +crime is committed, and if the crime is not committed in any of the +states Congress has the power to name a place of trial.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[Pg 28]</a></span>The jurors decide whether or not the party accused is guilty by a +unanimous vote, and if one or more vote against, it is called a hung +jury.</p> + +<p>The judge of the court instructs the jurors on the law in the case.</p> + + +<h3>Executive Department.</h3> + +<p>The executive department of state government is the law enforcing +power.</p> + +<p>The governor of a state is the chief executive. His duty is to see +that the laws of his state are executed, to study the conditions and +needs of the state, and to prepare a message to the legislature +setting forth these needs and conditions. He is commander in chief of +the state militia.</p> + +<p>He should fill all vacancies that come under his appointing power, +appoint certain state officers and boards, grant pardon to convicted +criminals when right, call a special session of the legislature when +necessary.</p> + +<p>The governor represents his state in its relation to the federal +government and to other states.</p> + +<p>The Governor of Kentucky receives a salary of six thousand and five +hundred dollars per year, all expenses when on duty for the State, and +in addition, a mansion lighted, heated, and furnished, and three +thousand dollars per year for public entertaining. He is elected for +four years and cannot succeed himself for re-election.</p> + +<p>Most of the states have the following state officials elected by the +voters of the state: Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Secretary of +State, Treasurer, Auditor, Attorney General, Commissioner of +Agriculture and Superintendent of Public Instruction.</p> + +<p>The Superintendent of Public Instruction, the Attorney General and the +Secretary of State compose the Board of Education.</p> + + +<h3>County Government.</h3> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[Pg 29]</a></span>The county is a political division created by the state to administer +local affairs, to act as agent for the state, to collect taxes, and +enforce state laws.</p> + +<p>The county owns many of the public buildings such as the court house +and jail.</p> + +<p>Every state is divided into counties, and every village, town or city +is located in some county. As has been said there are one hundred and +twenty counties in the State of Kentucky. The county seat of a county +is where the business of a county is transacted, and where the courts +of importance are held. It is really the capital of the county.</p> + +<p>Some counties on account of size and population have two county seats. +While county government differs in many states there is a uniformity +in the organization of counties throughout the union.</p> + +<p>A county judge is elected in every county by the people. He presides +over the county court which is held at the county seat.</p> + +<p>Some of the other officers of the county elected by the voters are: +The sheriff, county superintendent of schools, circuit clerk, clerk of +the county court, coroner, prosecuting attorney, county attorney, tax +commissioner.</p> + + +<h3>Town Government.</h3> + +<p>The government of a town is perhaps the nearest approach we have to a +direct government by the people themselves.</p> + +<p>Towns as well as counties not only look after their local interest but +look after state interest within their boundaries.</p> + +<p>A community of three hundred or more may upon petition of two-thirds +of its inhabitants, be incorporated as a town.</p> + +<p>Towns as well as counties are organized and governed under general +laws passed by the legislature of its state.</p> + +<p>The incorporated township has a right to hold property and make +contracts.</p> + + +<h3>City Government.</h3> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[Pg 30]</a></span>Cities like towns and counties receive their right of government +through the state by a charter granted by the state legislature. The +charter is the fundamental law of the city.</p> + +<p>The chief executive officer of a city is the mayor who is generally +elected by the people.</p> + +<p>The power of city government is vested in the mayor and the city +council.</p> + +<p>For convenience a city is divided into subdivisions called wards, and +for elections into certain voting precincts called election districts.</p> + +<p>The board of aldermen or council is composed of one person chosen from +each ward by the voters. Their power is limited by the city charter.</p> + +<p>Voters are responsible for their government and much of our happiness +depends upon the way our city is managed.</p> + +<p>Many cities have adopted the commission form of government by electing +a non-partisan ticket composed of several commissioners. Each +commissioner is put in charge of a division of the city's +administration and held responsible for the work of his department.</p> + +<p>The mayor of a city presides over the meetings of the council and +sometimes vetos measures passed. He is elected by the voters. The +chief duty of the mayor is to see that the laws and ordinances are +enforced.</p> + +<p>In large cities there is a system of courts extending from the police +court to the higher courts.</p> + +<p>Appeals from the courts of the city are taken to the circuit court and +may go from there to the Supreme Court of the State.</p> + +<p>Cities are divided into six classes in Kentucky:</p> + + +<ul> +<li>First class having a population of 100,000 or over.</li> +<li>Second class, 20,000 to 100,000.</li> +<li>Third class, 8,000 to 20,000.</li> +<li>Fourth class, 3,000 to 8,000.</li> +<li>Fifth class, 1,000 to 3,000.</li> +<li>Sixth class, below 1,000.</li> +</ul> + + + +<div class="section_break"></div> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[Pg 31]</a></span></p> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_V" id="CHAPTER_V"></a>CHAPTER V.</h2> + +<p class="chapter_head">Party Organization.</p> + + +<div class="dropcap">T</div> +<p class="first_para"><span class="droppedcap">T</span>he difference of opinion on national questions is the cause of a +number of political parties in the United States.</p> + +<p>As long as men and women think for themselves we shall have political +parties.</p> + +<p>It is really the product of a government by public opinion. Without +political organizations it would be almost impossible to govern the +policy and character of the country and control the affairs of the +nation.</p> + +<p>The political parties are the agents through which organizations are +made.</p> + +<p>As a test of one's love of his country and its government is shown by +his work and aggressiveness.</p> + +<p>Every citizen should study the ethics of his government, think for +himself, and form his own opinion.</p> + +<p>A person with no opinion on public affairs is a coward and +unpatriotic.</p> + +<p>Our nation depends largely upon moral and cultured people who will +study the issues of the day and express themselves in positive terms +on what they deem best for the nation and its government.</p> + +<p>Organization is a number of people systematically united for some end. +It is through organization that political parties become effective.</p> + +<p>Political parties arose after the adoption of the Constitution. They +are organized for national, state and local campaigns, and not +originally a part of the government, but as we grew and the population +became greater there arose different political parties. Every +district, village, town and city has its permanent local campaign +committees in elections, beside the state and national committees, +which make a very complete organization.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[Pg 32]</a></span>The duty of the permanent committees is to keep the machinery of the +party working. Really the permanent committees do the hard work in +politics. They organize political clubs, solicit funds, issue calls +for conventions, urge people to register and vote and in many other +ways keep up the interest of the party.</p> + +<p>Since the adoption of the Constitution there have been two principal +parties advocating different principles.</p> + +<p>The first parties were known as the Federalist and anti-Federalist.</p> + +<p>The two great dominant parties now in the United States—the +Democratic and Republican parties.</p> + +<p>Our Constitution did not provide us with laws as to the way of +selecting candidates for office, but just as soon as political parties +came into existence, nominations followed.</p> + + +<h3>Democratic Party.</h3> + +<p>The Democratic party is the oldest. It goes back to the days of +Jefferson. It advocated "state rights," limiting the power of national +government, tariff for revenue only. These were some of the issues +discussed before the recent war, but other important issues in these +days of reconstruction have taken their place.</p> + + +<h3>Republican Party.</h3> + +<p>The Republican party was formed before the Civil War, when Abraham +Lincoln was elected President of the United States. It was originally +called the Federalist party.</p> + +<p>The Republican party remained in control of the national government +until 1884 Grover Cleveland was elected for two terms, four years +each.</p> + +<p>This party originally advocated a high tariff.</p> + +<p>The recent platforms of the two parties now in power will give the +issues of the present day.</p> + + + +<div class="section_break"></div> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[Pg 33]</a></span></p> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_VI" id="CHAPTER_VI"></a>CHAPTER VI.</h2> + +<p class="chapter_head">Committees.</p> + + +<div class="dropcap">T</div> +<p class="first_para"><span class="droppedcap">T</span>he national committee of each party is formed of one member from each +state, who organizes the national convention of his party.</p> + +<p>The chairman of this committee of each party calls a meeting of his +committee in the spring before the presidential election and decides +when and where they will hold the national convention.</p> + +<p>This year the Democratic convention was held in San Francisco, +beginning on 28th of June.</p> + +<p>The Republican convention was held in Chicago on the 8th of June.</p> + +<p>Each convention adopted its own party platform.</p> + + +<h3>Democratic.</h3> + +<h4>State Central Committee of Kentucky.</h4> + +<p>The State Central Committee is the party organization in control of +the party in the State. It is composed of one man from each of the +eleven congressional districts elected by the people and a member at +large.</p> + +<h4>Members of State Central Committee From Kentucky.</h4> + +<p>State at Large—George B. Martin, Catlettsburg.</p> + +<p>State Executive Committee from State at Large—J. A. Robinson, +Lancaster.</p> + +<h4>State Central Committee by Districts.</h4> + +<table summary="State Central Committee by Districts"> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td>1st District—Arch Nelson</td> + <td class="table_right">Marshall Co. (Benton)</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>2nd District—Ira D. Smith</td> + <td class="table_right">Christian Co. (Hopkinsville)</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>3rd District—T. P. Dickerson</td> + <td class="table_right">Barren Co. (Glasgow)</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>4th District—W. C. Montgomery</td> + <td class="table_right">Hardin Co. (Elizabethtown)</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>5th District—Henry J. Tilford</td> + <td class="table_right">Jefferson Co. (Louisville)</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>6th District—Judge Otto Wolfe</td> + <td class="table_right">Campbell Co. (Newport)<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[Pg 34]</a></span></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>7th District—Thos P. Middleton</td> + <td class="table_right">Henry Co. (Eminence)</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>8th District—J. H. Nichols</td> + <td class="table_right">Boyle Co. (Danville)</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>9th District—Foster B. Cox</td> + <td class="table_right">Jessamine Co. (Nicholasville)</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>10th District—J. R. Johnson</td> + <td class="table_right">Pike Co. (Pikeville)</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>11th District—Edward Gatcliff</td> + <td class="table_right">Whitley Co. (Williamsburg)</td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + +<h4>Democratic State Executive Committee.</h4> + +<table summary="Democratic State Executive Committee"> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td>1st District—Thomas Turner</td> + <td class="table_right">Trigg Co. (Cadiz)</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>2nd District—John L. Dorsey</td> + <td class="table_right">Henderson Co. (Henderson)</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>3rd District—Dr. Joe M. Ferguson</td> + <td class="table_right">Muhlenberg (Greenville)</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>4th District—Chas. Hubbard</td> + <td class="table_right">Larue Co. (Hodgenville)</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>5th District—Fred Forcht</td> + <td class="table_right">Jefferson Co. (Louisville)</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>6th District—W. N. Hind</td> + <td class="table_right">Kenton Co. (Covington)</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>7th District—W. T. Klair</td> + <td class="table_right">Fayette Co. (Lexington)</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>8th District—Dr. T. R. Welch</td> + <td class="table_right">Jessamine Co. (Nicholasville)</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>9th District—Dr. J. D. Whitaker</td> + <td class="table_right">Morgan Co. (Whitesburg)</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>10th District—Bailey P. Wooten</td> + <td class="table_right">Perry Co. (Hazard)</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>11th District—Cecil Williams</td> + <td class="table_right">Pulaski Co. (Somerset)</td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + +<p>Chairman Democratic National Committee, Homer S. Cummings, Baltimore, +Md.</p> + + +<h3>Republican.</h3> + +<h4>State Central Committee of Kentucky.</h4> + +<table summary="State Central Committee of Kentucky"> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td>Chas. H. Searcy, Chairman</td> + <td class="table_right">Louisville, Ky.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>R. W. Hunter, Vice Chairman</td> + <td class="table_right">Providence, Ky.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>Lilburn Phelps, Secretary</td> + <td class="table_right">Louisville, Ky.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>Mrs. Lillian Davis, Assistant Secretary</td> + <td class="table_right">Louisville, Ky.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>Elliott Callahan, Treasurer</td> + <td class="table_right">Louisville, Ky.</td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + +<h4>National Committeemen.</h4> + +<table summary="National Committeemen"> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td>A. T. Hert</td> + <td class="table_right">Louisville, Ky.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>At Large—Maurice L. Galvin</td> + <td class="table_right">Covington, Ky.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>At Large—R. W. Hunter</td> + <td class="table_right">Providence, Ky.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>At Large—Mrs. John W. Langley</td> + <td class="table_right">Pikeville, Ky.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>At Large—Ed. W. Chenault</td> + <td class="table_right">Lexington, Ky.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>1st District—W. L. Prince</td> + <td class="table_right">Benton, Ky.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>2nd District—Virgil Y. Moore</td> + <td class="table_right">Madisonville, Ky.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[Pg 35]</a></span></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>3rd District—Clayton C. Curd</td> + <td class="table_right">Greenville, Ky.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>4th District—D. O. Burke</td> + <td class="table_right">Bradfordville, Ky.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>5th District—J. Matt Chilton</td> + <td class="table_right">Louisville, Ky.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>6th District—G. A. Seiler</td> + <td class="table_right">Covington, Ky.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>7th District—Clarence Miller</td> + <td class="table_right">Irvine, Ky.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>8th District—H. V. Bastin</td> + <td class="table_right">Lancaster, Ky.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>9th District—F. A. Field</td> + <td class="table_right">Ashland, Ky.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>10th District—Sam Collins</td> + <td class="table_right">Whitesburg, Ky.</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td>11th District—Chas. Finley</td> + <td class="table_right">Williamsburg, Ky.</td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + +<h3>County Committee.</h3> + +<p>The county committee consists of one man or woman from each elective +district in the county, and the city committee one from each ward or +election district in the city.</p> + + +<h3>County Convention.</h3> + +<p>The voters of the county of the party they represent meet at the court +house at the county seat and elect a temporary chairman and the +delegates to represent the party at the State convention.</p> + +<p>If the people of the county favor a certain man for President they may +instruct their delegates for this man in the State convention.</p> + +<p>The fight at the convention is usually for chairman, who when elected +usually appoints a committee to draw resolutions and names the +delegates in the resolutions, which are reported back to the +convention for action.</p> + + +<h3>State Convention.</h3> + +<p>The call for State convention is issued by the State Central Committee +of the party, and a copy of the call is sent to the chairman of each +local committee. The convention is called to order by the chairman of +the State Committee.</p> + +<p>The secretary of the State Central Committee reads the call of the +convention.</p> + +<p>The convention is opened with prayer.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[Pg 36]</a></span>Motions are made that the chair appoint a committee on credentials, on +permanent organization, and on resolutions.</p> + +<p>A temporary chairman and secretary are elected.</p> + +<p>The report of the committee on credentials is read, giving the number +of delegates present, and rendering a decision concerning contested +delegations.</p> + +<p>The report of the committee on organization is usually adopted at once +and names the permanent officers of the convention, which include a +permanent chairman, secretary, assistant secretaries, vice chairman +and sergeant-at-arms.</p> + +<p>The chairman of the convention is generally a prominent party leader, +and when he takes his seat he delivers a speech upon the issues of the +campaign.</p> + +<p>The platform is read by the chairman of the committee on resolutions +and usually accepted without amendments. Then the convention takes up +the nomination of candidates. After the nominations are made the vote +is then taken by call of the counties by the secretary. When the +candidates receive the number necessary to elect, generally a majority +of all the votes cast, some one usually moves that his nomination be +made unanimous. They elect all the officers in the same way.</p> + + + +<div class="section_break"></div> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[Pg 37]</a></span></p> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_VII" id="CHAPTER_VII"></a>CHAPTER VII.</h2> + +<p class="chapter_head">National Convention.</p> + + +<div class="dropcap">T</div> +<p class="first_para"><span class="droppedcap">T</span>he National Convention is called to order about noon on the day +appointed in the official call, by the chairman of the national +committee.</p> + +<p>The convention is opened with prayer.</p> + +<p>The call is read, after which the national committee names a list of +temporary officers for the convention, temporary chairman, secretary, +clerks, sergeant-at-arms and stenographers.</p> + +<p>The temporary chairman takes the chair and makes a formal speech on +the political situation.</p> + +<p>A resolution is adopted making the rules of the preceding convention +the rules of the convention until otherwise ordered.</p> + +<p>Motions are made for the appointment of committees on credentials, +permanent organization, rules and resolutions, each consisting of one +member from each state and territory.</p> + +<p>Resolutions concerning contested seats are presented to the convention +and referred without debate to the committee on credentials. (Every +state is allowed double as many delegates as it has Senators and +Representatives in Congress. The four men corresponding to the +representation of the Senate are delegates at large, the others are +district delegates, which number twenty-two district delegates and +four delegates at large, making twenty-six delegates to the National +Convention from Kentucky.)</p> + +<p>This ends the first session of the convention.</p> + +<p>When the convention assembles for the second session, the first +business is the report of the credential committee.</p> + +<p>In deciding contested seats, the committee on credentials gives each +side a chance to present its claims, and then decides between them, +generally in favor of the regular delegates, those endorsed by the +state and the district committee.</p> + +<p>Two full contesting delegations from the same state, sometimes seats +are given to both, each delegate being entitled to one-half vote.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[Pg 38]</a></span>After the credential committee arrives at a decision concerning +contested seats, its report including a list arranged by the states of +all delegates entitled to seats is usually accepted by the convention +with very little debate.</p> + +<p>Then the committee on organization make their report, which consists +of a list of permanent officers of the convention—previously arranged +to some extent by the national committee. (This report is usually +arranged beforehand and therefore adopted without much trouble, if +any.) A committee is appointed to escort the permanent chairman to the +platform, who usually delivers a speech on the issues of the coming +campaign.</p> + +<p>The chair calls for the committee on rules first, for their report.</p> + +<p>Two rules of great importance in a Democratic Convention are: First—A +rule requiring for the nomination of candidates two-thirds of the +whole number of votes in the convention. The Republican requires only +a majority.</p> + +<p>Second Rule—The so-called unit rule under which a majority of each +state delegation is allowed to cast the entire vote to which the state +is entitled even against the protest of a minority of the delegation. +These two rules are strictly adhered to in the Democratic party only.</p> + +<p>While waiting on the resolution committee's report, miscellaneous +business is disposed of, such as the election of national committees +and of committees on notification. Such committees usually consist of +one delegate from each state and territory, the members being +designated by the respective delegations.</p> + +<p>About the third day the resolution committee is ready to report the +platform.</p> + +<p>This platform is a formal statement of the party's attitude upon the +public questions of the day; next to the nomination of candidates it +is the most important work of the convention.</p> + +<p>The platform of any party is usually adopted as read.</p> + +<p>Nominations for candidates are next in order, and these begin with the +roll call of the states arranged alphabetically for the presentation +of candidates for the presidential nomination. Several candidates are +often nominated. The delega<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[Pg 39]</a></span>tion from any state when called in its +turn may pass its right of nomination to any other delegation not yet +called.</p> + +<p>Some good and influential speaker will nominate the candidate from his +state, and it is usually seconded by a good speaker from some state +that has not a candidate.</p> + +<p>After roll call for nominations is completed the convention proceeds +to the first ballot.</p> + +<p>The chairman of the delegation from his state when the state is called +by the secretary of the convention, arises and announces the vote of +his state. Sometimes a candidate is nominated by acclamation, but +usually many ballots are necessary to decide the contest.</p> + +<p>If a candidate is not nominated on the first few ballots, a dark horse +sometimes receives the nomination, but this is seldom the case.</p> + +<p>As soon as a candidate receives the number of votes necessary to +nominate, which is two-thirds of the delegates in a Democratic +convention and a majority in a Republican convention, usually some one +moves that the nomination be made unanimous, which is adopted with +great applause.</p> + +<p>After the nomination for President is over the convention proceeds in +the same way to nominate a candidate for Vice President.</p> + +<p>At the national convention of each party a new national committee is +appointed to carry on the campaign and act until the next convention.</p> + +<p>The platform adopted at the national convention of either party is an +expression of the principles of the party.</p> + +<p>Sometimes a plank is put in to catch voters. On some questions the +plank may not be plain, but may straddle the issues.</p> + +<p>The national platform gives the principles to which the party is +committed and its attitude on important public questions.</p> + + + +<div class="section_break"></div> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[Pg 40]</a></span></p> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_VIII" id="CHAPTER_VIII"></a>CHAPTER VIII.</h2> + +<p class="chapter_head">Registration.</p> + + +<div class="dropcap">I</div> +<p class="first_para"><span class="droppedcap">I</span>n all cities where registration of the voters is required, men and +women register on the same day in the ward or precinct in which they +live.</p> + +<p>For the purpose of registration the polls open from 6 o'clock a. m. to +9 o'clock p. m.</p> + +<p>There are four election officers who have a book in which are +registered the names of all the legal voters in their precinct. Two of +these officers are called judges; one is a sheriff and the other is a +clerk.</p> + +<p>A person desiring to register enters the voting place and announces +his or her intention to register. The judge takes the name, residence, +party affiliation and citizenship, and may also inquire as to any +other matter that would affect his or her right to vote at an +election.</p> + +<p>If found to be qualified, that is 21 years of age and a resident of +the state for one year, a resident of the county for six months, and a +resident of the precinct for sixty days, they may register unless in a +class prohibited by law from exercising the right to vote.</p> + +<p>The clerk then writes the name and address in the registration book +entering also color and political affiliation. When this is done the +registration is completed, and the elector is qualified to exercise +the right of suffrage in all subsequent elections, special elections +and primary elections for one year. The officers of the election give +him or her a certificate of registration signed by all four officers +of the registration, and if they lose this certificate they cannot +vote at the regular election unless they get a duplicate certificate +from the county clerk, which costs 50 cents.</p> + +<p>In the different class cities there are some differences as to the +method and time of registering, but in Kentucky the general<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[Pg 41]</a></span> +registration is usually on the first Tuesday of October, in all cities +and towns of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth classes. The +hours for registration are from six o'clock a. m. to nine o'clock p. +m.</p> + +<p>Special registrations are held thereafter as follows: One special +registration may be held by order of the city authorities, which will +be conducted exactly as the first registration above referred to, and +during the Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday next preceding the general +election day those persons who were absent or sick, or unable to +attend and register on the regular registration days, may appear +before the county court clerk at his office in the court house, and +register, to have the same effect as if the registration had taken +place in the manner above referred to, also on the day before the +election and on election day, public officers of the state, and the +United States government, traveling salesmen and certain ministers of +religion may apply before the county court clerk in the court house +and be registered if they will make oath that they were not present in +their city or town during any of the previous registration days. +Persons that have become eligible to vote at the general primary +election, which occurs on the first Saturday in August may register +two weeks before the election in the county court clerk's office as +above described, provided such persons were not in the city on any of +the previous regular registration days, or who were not then qualified +to register and may vote in the primary election in the same manner as +other qualified electors.</p> + +<p>The primary election is conducted in the same manner as any other +election.</p> + +<p>When you register the clerk gives you a certificate of registration, +which you keep to show the election officers when you go to vote, that +you have registered.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[Pg 42]</a></span>Persons living in the country and small towns do not have to register.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 443px;"> +<img src="images/form.png" width="443" height="500" alt="Voting Form" title="Voting Form" /> +</div> + +<p>The names of all candidates are arranged in columns, under the party +device to which they belong. A voter by putting a cross mark in the +circle under the rooster votes for all the Democratic nominees of his +party. In the circle under the log cabin votes for the Republican +nominees of his party.</p> + +<p>This does not require a knowledge to even read, only to be able to +distinguish between the pictures of a rooster and a log cabin.</p> + + +<h3>Nominations—Primaries.</h3> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[Pg 43]</a></span>Candidates in the United States are usually nominated either in a +party primary or a nominating convention.</p> + +<p>Primaries are conducted like elections. The name of the party running +for an office is put on the ballot of his party with the names of +others who have filed similar petitions. On the day set for the +primary the voters go to the polls and cast their vote as at a general +election. The candidate who receives the largest number of votes is +the nominee of the party for that office.</p> + +<p>Primaries cost more than conventions—they are like elections—you +have to advertise extensively and meet the voters. In a few months the +election follows and you practically go over the same.</p> + +<p>Only the voters who can vote in the party primary are those who +registered for the previous election as members of that party.</p> + +<p>Certificates and petitions of nomination must be filed with the +Secretary of State not more than seventy-five days and not less than +forty-five days, before the day fixed by law for the election of the +persons in nomination, also certificates and petitions are directed to +be filed with the clerk of the county court not more than seventy-five +and not less than forty-five days before the election.</p> + +<p>The primary elections are conducted in the same manner as any other +election.</p> + +<p>The two methods of making nominations are by a caucus or convention +system, and the primary election system.</p> + +<p>The qualifications for a voter at a primary are the same as election. +On the first Saturday in August each year from 6 o'clock a. m. to 4 +o'clock p. m. there shall be held at the regular polling places in +each election precinct a primary election for the nomination of +candidates for office by political parties, to be voted for at the +next November election. You do not register to vote in the primary, +and a citizen not of age at the time of the primary, but will be +twenty-one before the November election can vote in the primary.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[Pg 44]</a></span>Primaries are conducted similar to elections—about same laws and +regulations.</p> + + +<h3>Elections.</h3> + +<p>After all the political parties have nominated their candidates then +the struggle for election begins.</p> + +<p>The period of a few months between the nominations and elections is +spent by each party in trying to get votes for its candidate.</p> + +<p>Every voter must be twenty-one years old, a resident of the state for +one year, of the county six months, and of the precinct sixty days.</p> + +<p>On election day the voter goes to the polling place and appears before +the election officers, who will probably be the same ones who presided +at the registration. You give your name and residence, and if you live +in a city where registration is required you must produce your +registration certificate and one of the judges may consult the +registration book to see if you have registered. If found to be +registered, the clerk will write your name and address upon the stub +of the ballot book and endorse his own name on the back of the ballot, +and remove the ballot from the book leaving the stub (called the +primary stub) in the book.</p> + +<p>The voter will go into a voting booth with the ballot folded, then +unfold the ballot, take the stencil, press it on the ink pad and if +you desire to vote a straight party ticket place the stencil mark in +the circle immediately underneath the device of the party whose +candidates you desire to vote for. If you desire to vote for +candidates irrespective of any party affiliation you will place the +stencil mark in the small square immediately following the name of +each candidate for whom you desire to vote.</p> + +<p>When the ballot is thus completed you lay the stencil aside, fold the +ballot in exactly the same manner as when you received it from the +clerk and then return it to the judge of the election, who removes the +secondary stub from the ballot and deposits the ballot itself in the +ballot box. If any voter spoils or defaces a ballot by mistake so that +it cannot be used he<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[Pg 45]</a></span> may return it, and get another, and the fact +noted by the clerk by writing the word "spoiled" on the stub and +spoiled ballot.</p> + +<p>No person except the election officers shall remain within fifty feet +of the polls, except when voting.</p> + +<p>It shall be the duty of the sheriff in each county before an election +to secure in each precinct of the county a suitable room in which to +hold the election, and have sufficient booths in which electors shall +mark their ballots, screened from observation.</p> + +<p>Our laws concerning elections are more stringent in the past few +years. Every precaution is taken to insure honesty of elections.</p> + +<p>No officer of election shall do any electioneering on election day.</p> + +<p>In all elections in Kentucky the voting shall be by ballot.</p> + +<p>The ballot boxes are opened and inspected before voting begins to see +that they are empty.</p> + +<p>Electioneering is forbidden within one hundred feet of the polls.</p> + +<p>Twice as many official ballots are provided for every polling place as +there are registered voters in the district.</p> + +<p>If a person is illiterate he is allowed assistance in marking his +ballot.</p> + +<p>An inspector may challenge a person's vote, but if they swear they are +eligible their vote is recorded and marked challenged.</p> + +<p>A person cannot vote who is not naturalized for at least ninety days +before election. Also a person convicted of bribery or an infamous +crime, a deserter from the army or navy, and one who bets on that +election cannot vote.</p> + +<p>The Governor of the State may restore one to citizenship so that they +can vote.</p> + +<p>In registration polls are opened from 6 a. m. to 9 p. m., but in +election polls are opened from 6 a. m. to 4 p. m.</p> + +<p>When the polls are closed the ballots are counted by the election +officers and announced and placed in ballot box, which is locked by +officers, who then take the ballot box, poll books, certificates, +etc., to the county clerk who unlocks the box in the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[Pg 46]</a></span> presence of the +election officers to see if the packages containing the ballots are +properly sealed, and if so, the county clerk issues his receipt for +the box and ballots—one to the judge, and one to the sheriff.</p> + +<p>The county clerk within a certain time sends the ballots to a +canvassing board which examines them and makes an official +announcement of the number of votes cast for each candidate, and gives +them a certificate of their election. The successful candidates are +notified and later installed into office.</p> + + +<h3>Amendments To Constitution.</h3> + +<p>Amendments to the Constitution are handled in the same way as an +election. The ballot contains the amendment proposed with "Yes" or +"No" printed at the side. The party voting crosses out one of these +words, puts the ballot in the blank envelope and returns it as in an +election.</p> + + +<h3>Voting By Mail.</h3> + +<p>Voting by mail is often a great convenience.</p> + +<p>The world is becoming more democratic and the right to vote for +representation is now arranged so that all eligible citizens of the +United States, twenty-one and over, may have a part in governing his +or her country.</p> + +<p>If a voter is out of the state or county and holds his residence in +the same place as when he voted last—or calls home—he or she can +vote by mail. He must first register, which is also done by mail.</p> + +<p>A printed ballot with return envelope is sent to him. The ballot is +marked by placing a cross opposite the name of the candidate voted +for, then put in a blank envelope, sealed and enclosed in an envelope +addressed to the secretary or clerk of the county or chairman of the +tellers.</p> + +<p>This envelope must be signed by the one voting. The blank envelope +containing the ballot is opened and the ballot deposited in the ballot +box.</p> + +<p>The one voting must take an oath before a notary public that he or she +is eligible.</p> + + +<h3>Electors for President and Vice President.</h3> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[Pg 47]</a></span>When the voters go to the polls on election day to vote for President +and Vice President every four years on the first Tuesday after the +first Monday in November they really cast their ballots for the +electors who were nominated at the state convention. The names of the +state electors of each party are printed on the ballots under the +party name. The ones receiving the most votes are elected, and are +morally bound to vote for the candidate of the party that elected +them.</p> + +<p>The campaign continues until the election on the first Tuesday after +the first Monday in November. The electors elected in November meet at +their state capital in January and vote for President and Vice +President. The result of this vote is dispatched at once to the +President of the Senate at Washington, D. C. The electors of the +different states meet at Washington on the morning of the second +Monday in January after their election, and give their vote at or +after twelve o'clock according to law.</p> + +<p>On the second Wednesday in February succeeding the meeting of the +electors, the Senate and House of Representatives meet in the Hall of +Representatives at 1 o'clock p. m. with the President of the Senate +presiding.</p> + +<p>Two tellers are appointed in each House to whom shall be handed, as +they are opened by the President of the Senate, all the certificates +and papers purporting to be certificates of the —— electoral voters, +which certificates and papers shall be opened, presented and acted +upon in alphabetical order of the states; said tellers having then +read the same in the presence and hearing of the two Houses, shall +make a list of the voters as they shall appear from the said +certificates, and the votes having been ascertained and counted, +according to law; the result of the same shall be delivered to the +President of the Senate, who shall announce the result of the vote, +which announcement shall be deemed a sufficient declaration of the +persons elected President and Vice President of the United States, and +together with the list of voters be entered on the journals of the two +Houses.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[Pg 48]</a></span>If no one receives a majority of all the electoral votes the +Constitution provides that the House of Representatives shall choose a +President and the Senate a Vice President. (Article XII, National +Constitution.)</p> + +<p>The President and Vice President are inaugurated on March 4th +succeeding the election.</p> + +<p>They take the oath of office on a platform on the east front of the +Capitol. The President delivers an address outlining his policies, +then returns to the White House.</p> + + + +<div class="section_break"></div> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[Pg 49]</a></span></p> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_IX" id="CHAPTER_IX"></a>CHAPTER IX.</h2> + +<p class="chapter_head">Taxation.</p> + + +<div class="dropcap">T</div> +<p class="first_para"><span class="droppedcap">T</span>he national government is supported by taxation in various ways, and +it requires a great amount of money to carry on the business of our +country even in times of peace—over $2,000,000,000. This money is +raised through a system of taxation of two kinds—direct and indirect.</p> + +<p>A direct tax is a tax on real property or a poll tax.</p> + +<p>An indirect tax is a tax on one individual, but is indirectly paid by +another. (Taxes assessed on merchandise are indirect, as the consumer +pays them.)</p> + +<p>Most of the money is raised by import duties and excise taxes.</p> + +<p>Import duties are taxes on imported goods.</p> + +<p>Excise tax is a tax levied on goods manufactured in this country.</p> + +<p>Duties are taxes on goods imported from foreign countries. The +consumer on imported goods indirectly pays the duty assessed by the +government.</p> + +<p>There are two kinds of duties—specific and ad valorem.</p> + +<p>Specific duties are fixed amounts levied on certain commodities as the +yard, pound and gallon.</p> + +<p>Ad valorem duties are levied at a certain rate per cent on the value +of the articles taxed.</p> + +<p>Duties are leviable on either imports or exports.</p> + +<p>Imports relate only to goods brought into the country from abroad.</p> + +<p>Exports relate to goods sent out of a country.</p> + +<p>There is a special system for the collection of import duties, by +naming many places along the coast to be used as "ports of entry," +where custom houses in charge of collectors have been established. +"Each custom house has a collector and the government has employed a +large force of officers and special agents to overtake any +dishonesty—attempting to smuggle goods through without paying duty."</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[Pg 50]</a></span>The state legislature levies the state tax, the city council the city +tax, and the taxes to keep up the national government are levied by +Congress.</p> + +<p>The law making power of Congress and state legislatures not only have +the power of passing laws, raising money by taxation, but also the +right and power of saying how that money shall be spent.</p> + +<p>There are several kind of taxes collected for the benefit of the +county, town, city and state, viz.: Poll tax, income, inheritance, +franchise, property.</p> + +<p>Poll tax: This is a tax on the person and not on property. A male +citizen twenty-one and over must pay a poll tax of $1.00 even if he +has no property. He must pay this tax before he can vote. In Kentucky +the poll tax is one dollar.</p> + +<p>Income Tax: There is an income tax levied on the income one receives +and not on the amount of property he has. It is levied on salaries or +profits upon business. Unmarried persons with an income of over +$1,000.00 and married persons with an income of over $2,000.00 must +pay an income tax.</p> + +<p>Inheritance Tax: Many states have an inheritance tax levied on +property inherited. This tax is really designated to reach wealthy +people, and is easily collected since probate court records state the +amounts. Kentucky has an inheritance tax, drawn and introduced by L. +F. Johnson, of Frankfort, in 1906.</p> + +<p>Franchise Tax: The government or state gives to a person or +corporation special privileges, the rights to use the streets of a +city for railway, water, lighting, gas plants, etc., is considered +valuable property in the right vested in them by their franchise. This +is really a source of income and should be taxed.</p> + +<p>Property Tax: Property owners pay a large part of the money raised by +taxation. Personal property which includes bonds, stocks, mortgages, +household goods, jewels, etc.</p> + +<p>Real estate which includes houses, lots, lands and building.</p> + +<p>While taxes are levied upon real estate there are some kinds of +property exempt from taxation, viz.: public institutions and +libraries, cemeteries, school houses, churches, and other public +buildings.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[Pg 51]</a></span>A great amount of revenue is derived by state and local governments +from licenses, fees and special assessments. Men and women engaged in +certain kinds of business must pay to the national, state and local +governments a license or fees, as merchants, peddlers, manufacturers, +pawnbrokers, etc.</p> + +<p>A fee is a sum paid to an officer of the government, state, city or +county for performing some public service or for a license in +business. If you wanted to get a deed to land recorded you would have +to pay the officer a fee.</p> + +<p>The expense of our government is enormous, but the paying of taxes is +one way in which all must take part.</p> + + +<h3>Acquisition of New Territory.</h3> + +<p>While the acquisition of new territory has increased the expenses of +our nation, yet it has made us the greatest nation in the world.</p> + +<p>We have expanded by acquisition of new possessions which Congress +organized under the direct control of the "Federal Government," but +giving them limited powers of self government, through legislation of +their own. When their population is sufficient they will be admitted +as states.</p> + +<p>Today our national flag contains forty-eight stars, and no part of the +United States except Alaska and Hawaii remains under a territorial +form of government.</p> + +<p>Alaska was purchased from Russia in 1867.</p> + +<p>The President of the United States, with the advice and consent of the +Senate, appoints the governor and judges of the courts.</p> + +<p>They have a legislature composed of two houses whose members are +elected by the people. A delegate to Congress with the right to take +part in debates but not to vote is also elected by the people.</p> + +<p>Hawaii: Hawaii is a regularly organized territory and is governed like +Alaska; President appointing the governor with the consent of the +Senate, etc.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[Pg 52]</a></span>Possessions: The Philippines, Porto Rico, and other islands are +possessions rather than territories of the United States.</p> + +<p>Philippines: The Governor General and eight commissioners appointed by +the President with the advice and consent of the Senate are at the +head of the general government of the Philippines.</p> + +<p>"Five members of the commission are heads of the executive departments +as well as having legislative powers. The other four members have only +legislative power."</p> + +<p>Commission: The nine members of the commission appointed by the +President constitute the Upper House of the Legislature known as the +Senate.</p> + +<p>Lower House: The members of the Lower House of Representatives are +elected by the people of the various civilized districts.</p> + +<p>The nine commissioners represent the legislative body and have control +of that part of the island not civilized.</p> + +<p>Courts: They have a system of courts in which the judges of the +Supreme Court are appointed by the President, and the judges of the +lower courts are appointed by the Governor General with the approval +of the commission.</p> + +<p>Commissioners: There are two resident commissioners sent to the United +States from the Philippines with seats in the House of +Representatives, but cannot vote, only taking part in the debates.</p> + +<p>Provinces: The islands are divided into provinces "each of which is +governed by a provincial board of three members, and each province has +its own city or town with its local government." Two of the members of +the boards are elected by the people, and the third, who is the +treasurer, is appointed by the Governor General, but usually a +"Filipino."</p> + + +<h3>Porto Rico.</h3> + +<p>Under President Wilson's administration "The new organic law granted +the people of Porto Rico a greater self government than they had ever +enjoyed."</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[Pg 53]</a></span>They have a Governor appointed by the President, a legislature of two +Houses elected by the people, and a system of courts.</p> + +<p>"There are seventy-six cities and towns which enjoy some local +government."</p> + +<p>They send as their representative to Congress, a resident +commissioner. While these new possessions are expensive they add great +wealth and power to our nation.</p> + +<p>Taxes are contributions that the people are required by the government +to pay in order to meet the expenses of our nation.</p> + +<p>We are not patriotic unless we respond to the call of our government.</p> + + +<h3>Referendum and Initiative.</h3> + +<p>Some states have the referendum and initiative power of helping to +make laws.</p> + +<p>If a state legislature passes a law that the people do not approve of +a petition may be signed by a certain number of voters which will +require the law to be referred to the people for their approval or +disapproval.</p> + +<p>Referendum means referring a law passed by the legislature back to the +voters for their approval or disapproval.</p> + +<p>"If five per cent of the voters of a state and two-thirds of the +congressional districts do not approve of a bill passed by the General +Assembly they sign a petition and file it with the Secretary of State +in ninety days after the General Assembly adjourns." The question +involved is then submitted to the voters at the next election for +their approval or disapproval.</p> + +<p>The initiative is the right of the voters to start legislation. The +object of the initiative and the referendum is to compel legislative +bodies to act and respect the will of the people whom they represent.</p> + +<p>The initiative petition must be filed four months before the regular +election with the Secretary of State.</p> + + +<h3>The District of Columbia.</h3> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[Pg 54]</a></span>The District of Columbia, including Washington, the Capital of the +United States, is governed by Congress and by judicial and executive +officers appointed by the President of the United States. The people +have no power of self government.</p> + +<p>The Constitution gives Congress the exclusive right of government in +the District of Columbia.</p> + +<p>It is governed by three commissioners appointed by the President. One +must be an officer of the army and the other two appointed from civil +life.</p> + +<p>Congress keeps a watch over the District, and devotes certain days to +considering the business of the District.</p> + +<p>The courts of the district are Court of Appeals, Supreme Court, police +court, justices of the peace.</p> + +<p>The judicial officers are appointed by the President.</p> + +<p>The District of Columbia has no representative in Congress.</p> + + +<h3>Panama Canal Zone.</h3> + +<p>The Panama Canal Zone is under the control of a governor who is +appointed by the President of the United States.</p> + +<p>"It is neutral and open to vessels of commerce and war of all nations, +but war vessels must pass through without delay and while in the canal +cannot load or unload troops or munitions of war."</p> + +<p>The cost of the construction of the canal was about $400,000,000. It +shortens the voyage from New York to San Francisco 8,000 miles.</p> + + +<h3>Guam and Samoan Islands.</h3> + +<p>These islands are naval stations and are governed by the naval +officers stationed there.</p> + + +<h3>Commerce.</h3> + +<p>Commerce is divided between the state and Federal governments. We have +interstate commerce, foreign commerce and commerce with the Indians. +Congress regulates commerce.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[Pg 55]</a></span>Interstate commerce is carried on in the United States, as when goods +are shipped from one state to another, or one place in a state to +another, either by land or water. The Interstate Commerce Commission +provided for by Congress is composed of nine men appointed by the +President, and regulates interstate commerce. The members of this +commission receive a salary of $10,000.00 annually.</p> + + +<h3>Foreign Commerce.</h3> + +<p>Foreign commerce is commerce carried on with foreign countries. +Certain regulations are prescribed for vessels engaged in foreign +commerce, "Enter" and "Clear" ports.</p> + +<p>All vessels registered in the United States are protected by the +government in any part of the world. Only vessels can be registered by +a citizen of the United States. No foreign vessel can register.</p> + +<p>Congress regulates commerce with foreign nations and among the states, +and Indian tribes.</p> + + +<h3>Indian Tribes.</h3> + +<p>The government looks after the interest of "Indian affairs." There are +about 300,000 Indians on 150 reservations in different states and +territories all under the protection of the United States.</p> + + +<h3>National Parks.</h3> + +<p>The national government has set aside several large tracts of land for +National Parks. The Yellowstone National Park is about half as large +as Massachusetts and is the most beautiful and interesting park in the +world.</p> + + + +<div class="section_break"></div> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[Pg 56]</a></span></p> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_X" id="CHAPTER_X"></a>CHAPTER X.</h2> + +<p class="chapter_head">Voter's Duty as a Citizen.</p> + + +<div class="dropcap">T</div> +<p class="first_para"><span class="droppedcap">T</span>o vote is an expression of choice for this man or woman for an +office. The ballot is the only efficient way to express public opinion +and should be regarded as a sacred trust.</p> + +<p>Every person in the state is either a citizen or alien.</p> + +<p>"An alien is a person born in a foreign country who lives here, but is +still a subject of some other country."</p> + +<p>An alien may become a citizen of the United States after he has lived +in this country for five years and in the state one year. He must be +able to read and write his name, to speak English and be of moral +character.</p> + +<p>Only white persons and negroes may become naturalized.</p> + +<p>"Chinese, Japanese and East Indians cannot become citizens unless born +in the United States."</p> + +<p>Unmarried women can become citizens like the men.</p> + +<p>A married woman is a citizen if her husband is a citizen. She cannot +become naturalized by herself. A woman born in the United States who +marries an alien ceases to be an American citizen and becomes a +subject of the country to which her husband belongs.</p> + +<p>The wife of a man not a citizen of the United States cannot vote in +this country.</p> + +<p>If a resident of the United States she resumes her citizenship at the +death of her husband, or if she is divorced.</p> + +<p>A foreign born woman who marries a citizen becomes a citizen.</p> + +<p>An American born may live abroad for many years and not lose his or +her citizenship.</p> + +<p>An alien enjoys the same protection of the law as does the citizen.</p> + + +<h3>Citizen.</h3> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[Pg 57]</a></span>A citizen is a person born in the United States and subject to the +jurisdiction thereof.</p> + +<p>We are living in a democratic government which is a priceless heritage +and a great blessing to mankind.</p> + +<p>Democracy demands a sense of responsibility, personal interest in the +affairs of government and respect for human rights.</p> + +<p>As citizens we must become more conscious and appreciative of the +inheritance our forefathers left us. This great inheritance is a +wonderful land of opportunity and freedom.</p> + +<p>To be an intelligent and desirable citizen we must have a knowledge of +our Constitution, and know by whom and how our country is governed.</p> + +<p>The man or woman who does not possess some knowledge of how the +country is governed—as has been said—may easily become a prey of +persons who are anxious to advance their own interests at the expense +of the people.</p> + +<p>The things needed for the use and protection of the people are +provided by the people through their government.</p> + +<p>As a part of the community you enjoy the good roads, streets, schools, +libraries and many other things; therefore, you have no right to shirk +your duty in not helping to maintain your government. If we enjoy the +good things in this life without doing our part to have them we are +cowards.</p> + +<p>To live in a country and enjoy its freedom, peace and comforts and not +do our part toward maintaining such peace and comforts we have failed +to do our duty toward our fellowman and government, and may be called +a sponger, a coward and a shirker if we fail to vote and do our part +toward maintaining our government.</p> + +<p>It is not only our duty to vote but we should study and understand +public questions so that we can vote intelligently on the issues of +the day. We should be interested in the ballot for it is one way in +which public opinion may be expressed.</p> + +<p>Every man or woman under the protection of our government should feel +obligated to give his or her best to make our government one of high +ideals.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">[Pg 58]</a></span>Plato said: "Only that state is healthy and can thrive which +unceasingly endeavors to help the individuals who constitute it."</p> + +<p>The United States is both a democracy and a republic.</p> + +<p>A democracy means a government by the people.</p> + +<p>A republic is a democracy in which the people elect representatives to +carry on the government for them.</p> + + +<h3>United States.</h3> + +<p>The United States is a great republic composed of more than +100,000,000 citizens under the protection of one flag with forty-eight +stars which represent the forty-eight states of the union.</p> + +<p>"A citizen might be termed a member of a large society called the +United States."</p> + +<p>Every man, woman and child is a member of this society, unless an +alien, an idiot, or convicted of some infamous crime.</p> + +<p>The members of this great society when they reach the age of +twenty-one have a duty to perform which should be a sacred one. In +this society citizenship is defined in the national Constitution in +the fourteenth amendment. "All persons born or naturalized in the +United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof are citizens of +the United States and of the state wherein they reside."</p> + +<p>One of the first duties of a citizen is to vote. If we fail to vote we +have no right to complain of the condition of affairs, and how our +government is managed.</p> + +<p>It is a privilege to be a citizen of this great country and a member +of this great "society called the United States." It should be a +greater privilege to cast our vote in every election and know we are +doing our part to keep up the government.</p> + +<p>There are four ways which we, as citizens, can help maintain our +government:</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[Pg 59]</a></span>"First: Vote at every election, read and be interested in public +affairs.</p> + +<p>"Second: Help to manage public affairs and be ready to hold an office, +if you are the choice of the people.</p> + +<p>"Third: Try to understand public questions, so you can vote +intelligently and criticize justly.</p> + +<p>"Fourth: Remember to pay your share of the expense of doing the work."</p> + +<p>There are now over 27,011,330 voting women in the United States, soon +to take part in all elections, and share the responsibility as well as +the privilege of suffrage.</p> + +<p>In maintaining this great government of ours two parties are necessary +to keep the wheels moving. As has been said, the two dominant parties +now in existence are the Democratic party and Republican party.</p> + +<p>We have learned that parties are means of securing united action among +the voters who think alike. It was Washington who said: "The spirit of +party unfortunately is inseparable from our nature, having its root in +the strongest passions of the human mind."</p> + +<p>There must be organization under the direction of leaders to secure +united action.</p> + +<p>Let the women of our country come forward and identify themselves with +the party of their choice and organize under competent leaders, +showing to the world we not only deem it a great privilege to vote, +but are willing to share the responsibility of making our government +the best in the world.</p> + +<p>Will you do your bit to keep this great machinery moving onward and +upward?</p> + + + +<div class="section_break"></div> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_60" id="Page_60">[Pg 60]</a></span></p> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_XI" id="CHAPTER_XI"></a>CHAPTER XI.</h2> + +<p class="chapter_head">Why Should Women Vote?</p> + + +<div class="dropcap">I</div> +<p class="first_para"><span class="droppedcap">I</span>t is important that every woman who possesses the constitutional and +statutory qualifications should exercise her right to vote; because it +is only in this way that there can be a fair expression of the +political sentiment of the qualified voters on any question.</p> + +<p>Another reason is that the right to vote is not only a privilege but a +duty that is imposed by law, and where one is entitled to exercise +that privilege, the failure to so exercise it is a failure to perform +a duty on the part of the voter.</p> + +<p>Then, if only a small per cent of the women were to vote, and a large +per cent of the men were to vote, it would always be problematical as +to what effect the consensus of the women's opinion would have had in +the result, if a full vote had been polled; and this questionable +result of an election is one of the dangers incident to the exercise +of the right of suffrage. If the women manifest anything approaching a +unanimous desire to participate in the exercise of this governmental +function, it will have the effect to increase the public confidence in +this government and its institutions.</p> + +<p>Men and women without regard to race, color or social condition, must +take their turn exactly alike at the polling place. Each ballot has +exactly the same weight in the election, and the ballot of the poorest +man counts just as much as the ballot of the most influential citizen. +The voting place is the leveling place, and when women realize that +the exercise of suffrage gives not only the equal right to vote, but +also allows equal expression of opinion, then the better purpose of +woman suffrage will have been accomplished. This equality is not a +condescension on the part of women, but it is the exercise of a right +under the law, to call for the fair expression of opinion<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">[Pg 61]</a></span> from all +the people of every social and political standard, without reference +to mental ability, social standing or business prominence. Therefore, +it is the duty of every intelligent woman to vote and use her +influence to get the women interested in voting and doing their part +in keeping up the government. We know that the lower classes will all +vote and many floaters will be found in such classes, so it behooves +the intelligent women to do their part. The vote is the equal right of +every one who is qualified under the law, and every qualified person +has one vote, and that one vote from each one is the thing which the +Constitution is most zealous to secure and safeguard.</p> + +<p>We appeal to every intelligent woman of the United States and +especially in Kentucky to take part in the coming campaign. Organize +under competent leaders and let your organization extend into every +precinct. See that the voters register on the first Tuesday in +October, or the special registration days, then on 2nd day of November +go to the polls and vote for President and Vice President of the +United States.</p> + +<p>Women as well as men in Kentucky can vote for President and Vice +President if twenty-one years old and over, unless an alien, idiot or +have committed some infamous crime. We have suffrage so far, whether +we want it or not, and let us, as intelligent women, not forget the +duty it carries with it. We love our government and the good things it +gives, as schools, good roads, protection of life and property and the +many other things. Should we not be willing to do our part to get +these things, or must we be a sponger, a coward, or shirker and let +our fellow man do all? Should we fail to vote and help maintain our +government we certainly will come under one of these heads, that is if +we are able to go to the polls and register and vote, and fail to do +it. If you are absent from the county or state you can vote by mail. +There is no way to escape our duty unless providentially hindered.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62">[Pg 62]</a></span>In Kentucky there are 1,201,185 voters, of which 663,454 are men and +537,731 are women. The white female voters are 477,731. The negro +female voters are 60,000.</p> + +<p>There are 13,225 foreign born white males of voting age, that have +been naturalized.</p> + +<p>Let us train ourselves for good citizenship and serve our nation, +state, county, city and town in every way possible to make our +government one of high ideals and the best in the world.</p> + + + +<div class="section_break"></div> +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63">[Pg 63]</a></span></p> +<h2><a name="INDEX" id="INDEX"></a>INDEX</h2> + + +<h3>A.</h3> + +<table summary="Index A"> +<thead> +<tr> + <th class="index_item"> </th> + <th class="index_page">Page</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Aliens, Definition of—to vote,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_56">56</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Aliens—may become citizens,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_57">57</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Amendments to Constitution,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_10">10</a>, <a href="#Page_11">11</a>, <a href="#Page_13">13</a>, <a href="#Page_46">46</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Amendment—extending suffrage,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_12">12</a>, <a href="#Page_13">13</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Ad Valorem—duty,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_49">49</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Acquisition of new territory,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_51">51</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Alaska,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_51">51</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Amendment to Kentucky Constitution,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_10">10</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Amendment, 18th and 19th,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_11">11</a>, <a href="#Page_12">12</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Amendment to change Superintendent of Public Instruction,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_11">11</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Amendment to change school funds of Kentucky,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_11">11</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Attorney General of U. S.,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_18">18</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Agriculture, Secretary of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_18">18</a></td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + +<h3>B.</h3> + +<table summary="Index B"> +<thead> +<tr> + <th class="index_item"> </th> + <th class="index_page">Page</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Bill of Rights,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_11">11</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Bill—reported favorably or unfavorably,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_23">23</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Bills passed in congress and State—how,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_22">22</a>, <a href="#Page_23">23</a>, <a href="#Page_24">24</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Bills, legislative—how enacted,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_22">22</a>, <a href="#Page_23">23</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Ballot—picture of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_42">42</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Ballots—counted,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_45">45</a>, <a href="#Page_46">46</a></td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + + +<h3>C.</h3> + +<table summary="Index C"> +<thead> +<tr> + <th class="index_item"> </th> + <th class="index_page">Page</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Citizenship,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_7">7</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Citizen—definition of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_7">7</a>, <a href="#Page_57">57</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Classes of Citizens,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_7">7</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Civil rights,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_7">7</a>, <a href="#Page_8">8</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Constitution,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_9">9</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Charter,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_9">9</a>, <a href="#Page_30">30</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Constitution—amendment of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_10">10</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Constitution—revision,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_11">11</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Constitution—supreme law,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_13">13</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Committee—work of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_15">15</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Committee on Rules—Congress,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_15">15</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Cabinet, U. S.—appointment of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_18">18</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Cabinet Officers—named,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_18">18</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Court of Appeals,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_24">24</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Circuit Court,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_24">24</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">County Court,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_26">26</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Court of Justice of Peace,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_26">26</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">County Government,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_29">29</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">City Government,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_30">30</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">City Council,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_30">30</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Commission form government,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_30">30</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Committee—national,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_38">38</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Convention—national,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_37">37</a><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64">[Pg 64]</a></span></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Committee—county,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_35">35</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Convention—county,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_35">35</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Convention—state,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_35">35</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Convention—national,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_37">37</a>, <a href="#Page_38">38</a>, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Committee—credential,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_37">37</a>, <a href="#Page_38">38</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Convention—contested seats,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_37">37</a>, <a href="#Page_38">38</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Civil Service,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_20">20</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Congressional Districts,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_14">14</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Commander-in-Chief of National Army,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_17">17</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Commerce—secretary of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_18">18</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Cities—classes of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_30">30</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Committees—how formed,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_33">33</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Columbia, District of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_54">54</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Commerce,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_54">54</a>, <a href="#Page_55">55</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Congressman—qualification,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_14">14</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Congressmen—number from Kentucky,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_14">14</a></td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + + +<h3>D.</h3> + +<table summary="Index D"> +<thead> +<tr> + <th class="index_item"> </th> + <th class="index_page">Page</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Duty as a citizen,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_56">56</a>, <a href="#Page_57">57</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Democracy,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_9">9</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Departments of State,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_21">21</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Democratic party,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_32">32</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Democratic convention,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_37">37</a>, <a href="#Page_38">38</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Democratic State Central Committee,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_33">33</a>, <a href="#Page_34">34</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Democratic State Executive Committee,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_34">34</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">District Judges of U. S.,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_17">17</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Direct tax,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_49">49</a></td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + + +<h3>E.</h3> + +<table summary="Index E"> +<thead> +<tr> + <th class="index_item"> </th> + <th class="index_page">Page</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Executive Department—national,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_17">17</a>, <a href="#Page_18">18</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Elections,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_44">44</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Elections—laws of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_44">44</a>, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Electioneering—forbidden,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_45">45</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Election—polls open and closed,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_45">45</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Electors—President and Vice President,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_47">47</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Excise Tax,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_49">49</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Exports,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_49">49</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Exchange of Ratification,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_19">19</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Executive Department of State,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_28">28</a></td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + + +<h3>F.</h3> + +<table summary="Index F"> +<thead> +<tr> + <th class="index_item"> </th> + <th class="index_page">Page</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Federal Constitution,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_13">13</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Federal or National Government,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_14">14</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Federal Courts—kinds,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_17">17</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Franchise Tax,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_50">50</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Fee,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_51">51</a><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65">[Pg 65]</a></span></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Foreign Voters,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_62">62</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Foundation of Government,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_10">10</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Foreign Commerce,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_55">55</a></td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + + +<h3>G.</h3> + +<table summary="Index G"> +<thead> +<tr> + <th class="index_item"> </th> + <th class="index_page">Page</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Government,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_8">8</a>, <a href="#Page_9">9</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Government—derivation of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_9">9</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Government—kinds of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_14">14</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Government—branches of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_14">14</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Grand Jury,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_41">41</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Governor—duties of, salary, etc.,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_24">24</a>, <a href="#Page_28">28</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Government—county,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_29">29</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Government—town,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_29">29</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Government—city,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_30">30</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Government—state,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_21">21</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Government—national,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_14">14</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Grand Juries,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_27">27</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">General Assembly—convenes, when and where,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_21">21</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Guam and Samoan Islands,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_54">54</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Government—helped, four ways,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_58">58</a>, <a href="#Page_59">59</a></td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + + +<h3>H.</h3> + +<table summary="Index H"> +<thead> +<tr> + <th class="index_item"> </th> + <th class="index_page">Page</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Hawaii,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_51">51</a></td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + + +<h3>I.</h3> + +<table summary="Index I"> +<thead> +<tr> + <th class="index_item"> </th> + <th class="index_page">Page</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Impeachment,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_15">15</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Inauguration of President, Vice President,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_48">48</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Indirect Tax,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_49">49</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Import Duties,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_49">49</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Income Tax,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_50">50</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Inheritance Tax,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_50">50</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Initiative,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_53">53</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Interior—Secretary of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_18">18</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Indian Tribes,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_55">55</a></td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + + +<h3>J.</h3> + +<table summary="Index J"> +<thead> +<tr> + <th class="index_item"> </th> + <th class="index_page">Page</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Judicial Department—Federal,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_16">16</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Judicial Department—State,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_24">24</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Justices of Peace Court,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_26">26</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Juries,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_27">27</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Judges of Court of Appeals—qualification and salary,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_24">24</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Judges of Supreme Court of United States—appointment and salary—term of office,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_17">17</a></td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + + +<h3>K.</h3> + +<table summary="Index K"> +<thead> +<tr> + <th class="index_item"> </th> + <th class="index_page">Page</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Kentucky Legislature,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_21">21</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Kinds of Government,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_14">14</a></td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66">[Pg 66]</a></span></p> +<h3>L.</h3> + +<table summary="Index L"> +<thead> +<tr> + <th class="index_item"> </th> + <th class="index_page">Page</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Legislative Department—National and State,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_14">14</a>, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>, <a href="#Page_22">22</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Legislative Department—National,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_14">14</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Law making power,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_21">21</a>, <a href="#Page_22">22</a>, <a href="#Page_50">50</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">License,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_51">51</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">League of Nations,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_19">19</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Lieutenant Governor,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_22">22</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Labor—Secretary of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_18">18</a></td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + + +<h3>M.</h3> + +<table summary="Index M"> +<thead> +<tr> + <th class="index_item"> </th> + <th class="index_page">Page</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Mayor—chief executive—city,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_30">30</a></td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + + +<h3>N.</h3> + +<table summary="Index N"> +<thead> +<tr> + <th class="index_item"> </th> + <th class="index_page">Page</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Naturalized citizen,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_7">7</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Native born citizen,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_7">7</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Nominations,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_43">43</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Naturalized—kind of persons,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_56">56</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Naturalized—manner of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_56">56</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">National convention,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_38">38</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">National convention—rules of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_38">38</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Negro female voters—number of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_62">62</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Navy—Secretary of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_18">18</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">National parks,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_55">55</a></td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + + +<h3>O.</h3> + +<table summary="Index O"> +<thead> +<tr> + <th class="index_item"> </th> + <th class="index_page">Page</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Organization,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_31">31</a>, <a href="#Page_59">59</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Organization—definition of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_31">31</a></td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + + +<h3>P.</h3> + +<table summary="Index P"> +<thead> +<tr> + <th class="index_item"> </th> + <th class="index_page">Page</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Political rights,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_8">8</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Platform,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_38">38</a>, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Polls open,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_40">40</a>, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Primary election,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_43">43</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Ports of entry,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_49">49</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Poll tax,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_50">50</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Property tax,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_50">50</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Property exempt from taxation,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_50">50</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Possessions,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_51">51</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Philippines,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_52">52</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Philippines—how governed,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_52">52</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Philippine commissioners,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_52">52</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Philippines—Provinces,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_52">52</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Porto Rico,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_52">52</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Parties,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_8">8</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">President concerning treaties, power, etc.,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_19">19</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Postmaster General,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_18">18</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Police court,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_27">27</a><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_67" id="Page_67">[Pg 67]</a></span></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Petit jury,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_27">27</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Preamble,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_10">10</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">President, U. S.—qualifications, salary, etc.,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_17">17</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">President—term of office, salary,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_17">17</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">President of U. S.—duties of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_17">17</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">President—pro tem. Senate,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_22">22</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Police court,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_27">27</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Party organization,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_31">31</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Political parties—origin of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_31">31</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Parties—two principal,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_31">31</a>, <a href="#Page_32">32</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Party—oldest,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_32">32</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Party—ballot, picture of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_42">42</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Primaries,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_43">43</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Poll tax,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_50">50</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Philippines—how governed,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_52">52</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Porto Rico—how governed,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_52">52</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Panama Canal Zone,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_54">54</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">President and Vice President inaugurated,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_48">48</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Principal parties in United States,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_8">8</a></td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + + +<h3>Q.</h3> + +<table summary="Index Q"> +<thead> +<tr> + <th class="index_item"> </th> + <th class="index_page">Page</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Qualification of voters,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_44">44</a></td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + + +<h3>R.</h3> + +<table summary="Index R"> +<thead> +<tr> + <th class="index_item"> </th> + <th class="index_page">Page</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Republic,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_9">9</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Revision of National Constitution and State,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_11">11</a>, <a href="#Page_21">21</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Representatives—how proportioned,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_14">14</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Representatives in Congress—qualification of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_14">14</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Revenue—raising of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_15">15</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Republican party,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_32">32</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Republican State Central Committee,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_34">34</a>, <a href="#Page_35">35</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Registration,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_40">40</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Real estate,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_50">50</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Referendum,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_53">53</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Representatives in State,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_21">21</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Registration—special,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_41">41</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Rules of importance in Democratic convention,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_38">38</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Restoration of citizenship,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_46">46</a></td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + + +<h3>S.</h3> + +<table summary="Index S"> +<thead> +<tr> + <th class="index_item"> </th> + <th class="index_page">Page</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Senators, U. S.—number of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_15">15</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Senators, U. S.—how elected,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_15">15</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Senators—qualification of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_16">16</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Sessions of Congress,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_16">16</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Supreme Court of U. S.,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_16">16</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Salaries of Judges, Supreme Court,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_17">17</a><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_68" id="Page_68">[Pg 68]</a></span></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Supreme Judges—retirement,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_17">17</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">State government,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_21">21</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">State Constitution,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_21">21</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">State government—departments of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_21">21</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">State Senator—qualification, salary, etc.,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_22">22</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">State Senate—presiding officer of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_22">22</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">State courts,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_24">24</a>, <a href="#Page_25">25</a>, <a href="#Page_26">26</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Supreme Court of the State,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_16">16</a>, <a href="#Page_17">17</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">State officials,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_28">28</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Special registration,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_41">41</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Specific duties,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_49">49</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">State Representative—qualification, salary, etc.,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_22">22</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Secretary of United States—duties of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_18">18</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Senate—duties of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_22">22</a></td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + + +<h3>T.</h3> + +<table summary="Index T"> +<thead> +<tr> + <th class="index_item"> </th> + <th class="index_page">Page</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Town government,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_29">29</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Taxation,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_49">49</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Treaties,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_19">19</a></td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + + +<h3>U.</h3> + +<table summary="Index U"> +<thead> +<tr> + <th class="index_item"> </th> + <th class="index_page">Page</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Unit rule,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_38">38</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">United States—a democracy and republic,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_9">9</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">United States Senate,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_15">15</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">United States Senators—qualification of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_16">16</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">United States as a society,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_58">58</a></td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + + +<h3>V.</h3> + +<table summary="Index V"> +<thead> +<tr> + <th class="index_item"> </th> + <th class="index_page">Page</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Vice President, U. S.—qualification and salary,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_18">18</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Veto—power of President,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_24">24</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Voters—qualification of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_44">44</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Voting—manner of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_44">44</a>, <a href="#Page_45">45</a>, <a href="#Page_46">46</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Vote—challenged,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_45">45</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Voting—by mail,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_46">46</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Voters—duty as citizen,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_56">56</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Vote necessary to ratify a treaty,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_19">19</a></td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + + +<h3>W.</h3> + +<table summary="Index W"> +<thead> +<tr> + <th class="index_item"> </th> + <th class="index_page">Page</th> +</tr> +</thead> +<tbody> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Women as voters,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_60">60</a>, <a href="#Page_61">61</a>, <a href="#Page_62">62</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Women voters in United States,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_8">8</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Women voters in Kentucky—white,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_62">62</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">Women voters in Kentucky—colored,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_62">62</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="index_item">War—Secretary of,</td> + <td class="index_page"><a href="#Page_18">18</a></td> +</tr> +</tbody> +</table> + + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Citizenship, by Emma Guy Cromwell + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CITIZENSHIP *** + +***** This file should be named 25598-h.htm or 25598-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/2/5/5/9/25598/ + +Produced by David Garcia, Chris Logan and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Kentuckiana Digital Library) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +https://gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at +https://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at https://pglaf.org + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit https://pglaf.org + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including including checks, online payments and credit card +donations. To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + https://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. + + +</pre> + +</body> +</html> diff --git a/25598-h/images/bookshelf.png b/25598-h/images/bookshelf.png Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..c8eb097 --- /dev/null +++ b/25598-h/images/bookshelf.png diff --git a/25598-h/images/cover.png b/25598-h/images/cover.png Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..0dfea80 --- /dev/null +++ b/25598-h/images/cover.png diff --git a/25598-h/images/drop_r.png b/25598-h/images/drop_r.png Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..b042a26 --- /dev/null +++ b/25598-h/images/drop_r.png diff --git a/25598-h/images/form.png b/25598-h/images/form.png Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..969a97b --- /dev/null +++ b/25598-h/images/form.png diff --git a/25598-h/images/logo.png b/25598-h/images/logo.png Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..f1d077e --- /dev/null +++ b/25598-h/images/logo.png |
