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diff --git a/24987.txt b/24987.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2235cc5 --- /dev/null +++ b/24987.txt @@ -0,0 +1,888 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Girl Scouts, by Unknown + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Girl Scouts + Their Works, Ways and Plays + +Author: Unknown + +Release Date: April 4, 2008 [EBook #24987] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GIRL SCOUTS *** + + + + +Produced by David Edwards, Cline St. Charleskindt and the +Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net +(This file was made using scans of public domain works put +online by Harvard University Library's Open Collections +Program, Women Working 1800 - 1930) + + + + + + + + + +GIRL SCOUTS + +THEIR WORKS, WAYS AND PLAYS + +"_Be Prepared_" + +[Illustration: Cover] + +[Illustration: Girl Scout Logo] + +GIRL SCOUTS +Incorporated +NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS +189 Lexington Avenue +New York City + +_Series No. 5_ + + + + +GIRL SCOUTS + + +MOTTO + +"_Be Prepared_" + + +[Illustration: Girl Scout Logo] + + +SLOGAN + +"_Do A Good Turn Daily_" + + +PROMISE + + On My Honor, I Will Try: + To do my duty to God and to my Country + To help other people at all times + To obey the Scout Laws + + +LAWS + + I A Girl Scout's Honor is to be trusted. + + II A Girl Scout is loyal. + + III A Girl Scout's Duty is to be useful and to help others. + + IV A Girl Scout is a friend to all, and a sister to every + other Girl Scout. + + V A Girl Scout is Courteous. + + VI A Girl Scout is a friend to Animals. + + VII A Girl Scout obeys Orders. + + VIII A Girl Scout is Cheerful. + + IX A Girl Scout is Thrifty. + + X A Girl Scout is Clean in Thought, Word and Deed. + + + + +GIRL SCOUTS + +Their Works, Ways and Plays + + +The Girl Scouts, a National organization, is open to any girl who +expresses her desire to join and voluntarily accepts the Promise and +the Laws. The object of the Girl Scouts is to bring to all girls the +opportunity for group experience, outdoor life, and to learn through +work, but more by play, to serve their community. Patterned after the +Girl Guides of England, the sister organization of the Boy Scouts, the +Girl Scouts has developed a method of self-government and a variety of +activities that appear to be well suited to the desires of the girls +as the 60,000 registered Scouts and the 5,000 new applicants each +month testify. + + +Activities + +The activities of the Girl Scouts may be grouped under five headings +corresponding to five phases of women's life today: + + I. The Home-maker. + II. The Producer. + III. The Consumer. + IV. The Citizen. + V. The Human Being. + + +I. _Woman's most ancient way of service--the home-maker, the nurse, +and the mother._ The program provides incentives for practicing +woman's world-old arts by requiring an elementary proficiency in +cooking, housekeeping, first aid, and the rules of healthful living +for any Girl Scout passing beyond the Tenderfoot stage. Of the forty +odd subjects for which Proficiency Badges are given, more than +one-fourth are in subjects directly related to the services of woman +in the home, as mother, nurse or homekeeper. Into this work so often +distasteful because solitary is brought the sense of comradeship. This +is effected partly by having much of the actual training done in +groups. Another element is the public recognition, and rewarding of +skill in this, woman's most elementary service to the world, usually +taken for granted and ignored. + +The spirit of play infused into the simplest and most repetitious of +household tasks banishes drudgery. "Give us, oh give us," says +Carlyle, "a man who sings at his work. He will do more in the same +time, he will do it better, he will persevere longer. Wondrous is the +strength of cheerfulness; altogether past comprehension its power of +endurance." + + +II. _Woman, the producer._ Handicrafts of many sorts enter into the +program of the Girl Scouts. In camping girls must know how to set up +tents, build lean-tos, and construct fire-places. They must also know +how to make knots of various sorts to use for bandages, tying parcels, +hitching, and so forth. Among the productive occupations in which +Proficiency Badges are awarded are bee-keeping, dairying and general +farming, gardening, weaving and needlework. + + +III. _Woman, the consumer._ One of the features in modern economics +which is only beginning to be recognized is the fact that women form +the consuming public. There are very few purchases, even for men's own +use, which women do not have a hand in selecting. Practically the +entire burden of household buying in all departments falls on the +woman. In France this has long been recognized and the women of the +middle classes are the buying partners and bookkeepers in their +husbands' business. In America the test of a good husband is that he +brings home his pay envelope unopened, a tacit recognition that the +mother controls spending. The Girl Scouts encourage thrifty habits and +learning economy of buying in all of its activities. One of the ten +Scout Laws is that "A Girl Scout is Thrifty." + + +IV. _Woman, the citizen._ The basic organization of the Girl Scouts +into the self-governing unit of a Patrol is in itself an excellent +means of political training. Patrols and Troops conduct their own +meetings and the Scouts learn the elements of parliamentary law. +Working together in groups they realize the necessity for democratic +decisions. They also come to have community interests of an impersonal +sort. This is perhaps the greatest single contribution of the Scouts +toward the training of girls for citizenship. Little boys play +together and not only play together, but with men and boys of all +ages. The interest of baseball is not confined to any one age. The +rules of the game are the same for all, and the smallest boy's +judgment on the skill of the players may be as valid as that of the +oldest fan. Girls have had in the past no such common interests. Their +games have been either solitary or in very small groups in activities +largely of a personal character. If women are to be effective in +modern political society, they must have from very earliest youth +gregarious interests and occupations. + + +V. _Woman, the human being._ Political economy was for a long time +known as the "dead science" and was quite ineffective socially. This +was largely because it attempted to split man, the human being, into +theoretical units such as "the producer," or "the consumer." In the +same way many organizations for women have died because they have not +remembered that woman is first of all a human being. Thus nearly all +institutions for women, even those supposedly purely educational in +character, have existed to shelter her from the world, or to segregate +her, or have been designed to make her into a good servant or to +"finish" her for society. The activities of the Girl Scouts have been +selected on quite a different plan. They have not been designed for +women as women, but for women as human beings. Real work may be +followed with a great deal of enjoyment provided it is creative and +awakens the instinct of workmanship. But it is when at play that a +human being realizes his own nature the most fully. So dancing, sports +of all kinds, hiking, camping, boating, athletics and story-telling +are encouraged not only as a means of recreation and for physical +development, but are made a basic part of the Girl Scout program. + + +Methods + +The activities of the Girl Scouts are, of course, not peculiar to this +organization. Every one of them is provided for elsewhere, in schools, +clubs, and societies. But the way in which they are combined and +co-ordinated about certain basic principles is peculiar to the Girl +Scouts. + +In the first place all these activities have a common motive which is +preparation for a fuller life for the individual, not only in her +personal, but in her social relations. It is believed that the habits +formed and the concrete information acquired in these activities both +contribute to the girls being ready to meet intelligently most of the +situations that are likely to arise in their later life. This concept +is expressed in the Girl Scouts Motto--"Be Prepared." + +The method of preparation followed is that found in nature whereby +young animals and birds _play_ at doing all the things they will need +to do well when they are grown and must feed and fend for themselves +and their babies. + +To play any game one must know the rules, so the Girl Scouts have Laws +that they believe cover most of the needs of the Game of Life. + + The Girl Scouts Laws are ten: + + I A Girl Scout's Honor is to be trusted. + + II A Girl Scout is loyal. + + III A Girl Scout's Duty is to be useful and to help others. + + IV A Girl Scout is a friend to all, and a sister to every + other Girl Scout. + + V A Girl Scout is Courteous. + + VI A Girl Scout is a friend to Animals. + + VII A Girl Scout obeys Orders. + + VIII A Girl Scout is Cheerful. + + IX A Girl Scout is Thrifty. + + X A Girl Scout is Clean in Thought, Word and Deed. + +These Laws are known by all Girl Scouts, but the _Promise_ to obey +them is made only after they are understood and voluntarily accepted. +The Promise summarizes the Laws and is: + + On My Honor, I Will Try: + To be true to God and my country + To help others at all times + To obey the Scout Laws + +The heart of the Laws is helpfulness and so the Scouts have a +_Slogan_: Do a Good Turn Daily. By following this in letter and spirit +helpfulness becomes second nature. + +Because the Girl Scouts are citizens they know and respect the meaning +of the flag, and one of the first things they learn is the Pledge: + +I pledge allegiance to my flag, and to the republic for which it +stands; one nation indivisible, with Liberty and Justice for all. + + +_Organization and Drill._ Some observers have criticized the Girl +Scout organization because of its apparent military character. It is +true that the girls wear a uniform of khaki, and are grouped in +Patrols, corresponding to the "fours" in the Army; that they salute, +and learn simple forms of drill and signalling. But the reason they do +this is because the military organization happens to be the oldest +form of organization in the world, and it works. It is the best way +men have found of getting a number of persons to work together. +Following directions given to a group is quite a different matter from +doing something alone, and most of us need special training in this. A +group of eight has been found to work the best because it is the +largest number that can be handled by a person just beginning to be a +leader, and moreover elementary qualities of leadership seem to exist +in just about the proportion of one in eight. It is probably on this +account that children take so kindly to the form--rather than because +of any glamor of the army, though this must be admitted as a factor. +In actual practice the drill and signalling take up a very small +portion of the program, and are nowhere followed as ends in +themselves, but only as a means to an end. + + +_The Uniform._ The uniform is simple, durable and allows freedom of +action. It is of khaki because this has been found to be the best +wearing fabric and color. It is not easily torn and does not readily +soil. Wearing it gives the girls a sense of belonging to a larger +group, such as it is hard to get in any other way. It keeps constantly +before them the fact that they represent a community to whose laws +they have voluntarily subscribed and whose honor they uphold. It is +well, too, to have an _impersonal_ costume if for no other reason than +to counteract the tendency of girls to concentrate upon their personal +appearance. To have a neat, simple, useful garb is a novel experience +to many an over-dressed doll who has been taught to measure all worth +by extravagance of appearance. + + +Organization + +_Scouts of Different Ages._ The original Girl Scout program was +designed mainly with the needs of the young adolescent in mind and the +age was fixed from 10 to 18 years. But the little girls wanted to come +in and so a separate division was made for them called the Brownies or +Junior Scouts. Then the older girls and women wanted to join and as +time went on the original Girl Scouts grew up, but not out of, the +Scout movement, and programs are being made for Senior Scouts who are +eighteen and over. The three age groups seem to be natural ones and +each has its own methods and activities. The larger number of Girl +Scouts belong to the middle adolescent group. + +All Scouts are organized in the same way and all are enrolled with the +National Girl Scout organization. + + +_Patrol._ Eight girls form a Patrol which is the working unit. The +eight select from their own group a Patrol Leader who has charge of +the activities for a month or any period of time the Patrol may +designate. The Patrol Leader has immediate responsibilities for the +activities of the eight. It is desirable to have each girl of a Patrol +serve as a leader at some time or other. + + +_Troop._ One or more Patrols constitute a Troop which is the +administrative unit recognized by the National organization. + + +_Captain._ The Troop is under the direction of a Captain who must be +at least twenty-one years of age and whose qualification as a leader +of young girls is passed upon by National Headquarters before she is +commissioned. + + +_Lieutenant._ A Captain may have one or more Lieutenants. The +Lieutenant must be at least eighteen years of age and her commission +is likewise subject to control by National Headquarters. + +Captains and Lieutenants may be organized into associations in any +given locality. + + +_Scout Classes._ There are three classes of Girl Scouts, the youngest +being the "Tenderfoot," the name given by frontiersmen to the man from +the city who is not hardened to the rough life out of doors. Even the +Tenderfoot, however, has to know _some_ things including the Promise, +Laws, Slogan and Motto, how to salute, and the respect due to the +flag, and making some useful knots. + +The "Second Class" Scout has been a Tenderfoot for at least one month, +and can pass a test of distinctly greater difficulty, including a good +deal about cooking and housekeeping, animals and birds, flowers and +trees, some important first aid things, and the laws of health. + +The highest is the "First Class" Scout and is to be attained only by a +young person of considerable accomplishment. She must be able to find +her way about city or country without any of the usual aids, using +only the compass and her developed judgment of distance and direction. +She must also be able to communicate and receive messages in two +ways--by signalling in Semaphore and the General Service Codes which +is the code used for telegraphing and wireless, and which can be used +in several ways. She must have shown proficiency in Home Nursing, +Child Care, and Housekeeping and in addition in either Laundering, +Cooking, Needlework or Gardening. She must also be an all round out +doors person, familiar with camping, and able to lead in this, or be a +good skater or a naturalist, or be able to swim. Not only must she +know all these different things but she must also have trained a +Tenderfoot, and served her community. + + +_Proficiency Badges._ After a Girl Scout has attained to First Class +there are still other worlds to conquer as the badges she has earned +on the way are only a few of the many kinds still to be worked toward. +There are at present no less than forty-six kinds of subjects in which +a Scout may achieve, and more are being added daily. Just to mention a +few: a Girl Scout may be an Astronomer, a Bee keeper, a Dairy-maid, or +a Dancer, an Electrician, a Geologist, a Horsewoman, an Interpreter, a +Motorist or a Musician, a Scribe, a Swimmer or accomplished in Thrift. +Each subject has its own badge and when earned this is sewn into the +uniform. + + +_Council._ There may also be, and this is desirable, a Council +composed of women and men representing all the best interests of the +community: parents, schools, religious denominations of all sorts, +business, producers, women's clubs, and other social and philanthropic +organizations. The Council acts as the link between the Girl Scouts +and the community. It has the same relation to the separate Troops +that the school board has to the schools, that is; it guides and +decides upon policies and standards, interprets the Scouts to the +community and the community to the Scouts. It does not do the +executive or teaching work--that belongs to the Captains, Lieutenants +and Patrol Leaders. + +Another of the functions of the Council is to interest public spirited +women and men, particularly artists and scientists in Girl Scout work +and get them to act as referees in awarding Merit Badges for +proficiency in the many lines encouraged for Girl Scouts. + +But the community's resources of wisdom are not only in the schools +and museums, and laboratories and studios--these are mostly to be +found only in large cities. It is a poor place that does not have one +or more wise old persons--a farmer learned in nature ways, a retired +sailor stocked with sea lore, or a mother of men who knows life as +perhaps no one else can. The wise council will know where to find +these natural teachers and see that the children go to their schools. + +Another prime function of the Council is the raising of funds and to +make available such other material equipment as camp sites, meeting +places for the Troops, etc. The Captain should turn to the Council for +help in arranging and directing rallies, dances, fairs, pageants and +other devices for entertainment or securing money. + + +_National Organization._ The central governing body of the Girl Scouts +is the National Council made up of elected delegates from all local +groups. The National Council works through an Executive Board, which +conducts National Headquarters in New York. The National Director is +in charge of Headquarters and has direct administrative responsibility +for the work of the whole organization with the general divisions of +Field, Business, Publication and Education. + + + + +"_Be Prepared_" + +[Illustration: Girl Scout Logo] + + +Officers, National Headquarters Girl Scouts, Inc. + + _Honorary President_ + MRS. WOODROW WILSON + + _President_ + MRS. JULIETTE LOW + + _First Vice-President_ + MRS. ARTHUR O. CHOATE + + _Second Vice-President_ + MRS. HERBERT HOOVER + + _Treasurer_ + DUNLEVY MILBANK + + _Chairman, Executive Board_ + MRS. V. EVERIT MACY + + _Director_ + MRS. JANE DEETER RIPPIN + + _Executive Board_ + MRS. SELDEN BACON + MRS. NICHOLAS F. BRADY + MISS ELLEN M. CASSATT + MRS. ARTHUR O. CHOATE + MR. FRANCIS P. DODGE + MISS EMMA R. HALL + MRS. JULIETTE LOW + MRS. V. EVERIT MACY + MRS. SNOWDEN MARSHALL + MRS. ROBERT G. MEAD + MR. DUNLEVY MILBANK + MISS LLEWELLYN PARSONS + MRS. HAROLD I. PRATT + MRS. THEODORE H. PRICE + MRS. W. N. ROTHSCHILD + DR. JAMES E. RUSSELL + MRS. GEORGE W. STEVENS + MRS. JAMES J. STORROW + MRS. PERCY WILLIAMS + + + + +[Illustration: Girl Scout Logo] + + + + + +--------------------------------------------------------------+ + | | + | Transcriber's Note: | + | | + | Two variations of the Girl Scout Promise appear in the | + | original text. Both wordings have been retained in this | + | e-text. "Girl Scouts Motto" and "Girl Scouts Laws" have | + | been retained without apostrophes, as in the original. | + | | + +--------------------------------------------------------------+ + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Girl Scouts, by Unknown + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GIRL SCOUTS *** + +***** This file should be named 24987.txt or 24987.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/2/4/9/8/24987/ + +Produced by David Edwards, Cline St. Charleskindt and the +Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net +(This file was made using scans of public domain works put +online by Harvard University Library's Open Collections +Program, Women Working 1800 - 1930) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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