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diff --git a/24860-0.txt b/24860-0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8d749c1 --- /dev/null +++ b/24860-0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2213 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Samuel Richardson's Introduction to Pamela, by +Samuel Richardson + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Samuel Richardson's Introduction to Pamela + +Author: Samuel Richardson + +Editor: Sheridan W. Baker, Jr. + +Release Date: March 17, 2008 [EBook #24860] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: UTF-8 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK INTRODUCTION TO PAMELA *** + + + + +Produced by Louise Hope, David Starner, Chris Curnow and +the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net + + + + + +Transcriber’s Note: + +This e-text comes in three different forms: unicode (utf-8), latin-1 and +ascii-7. + + --If “œ” displays as a single character, and apostrophes and quotation + marks are “curly” or angled, you have the utf-8 version (best). If any + part of this paragraph displays as garbage, try changing your text + reader’s “character set” or “file encoding“. If that doesn’t work, + proceed to: + --If “œ” is two letters, but words like “étude” have accents, you have + the latin-1 version. Apostrophes and quotation marks will be straight + (“typewriter” form). Again, if you see any garbage in this paragraph + and can’t get it to display properly, use: + --The ascii-7 or rock-bottom version. All necessary text will still be + there; it just won’t be as pretty. + +In the 18th-century text, the variable length of long dashes reproduces +the original. Those shown as --- were printed as three distinct hyphens; +those shown as -- or ---- were single long dashes. + +The printed book used hand-drawn brackets and sidenotes to incorporate +information from different editions of the original text, as explained +in the editor’s introduction: + + The text is that of the second edition.... Brackets, added to this + lithoprint, show Richardson’s principal corrections: “4th” means + that the bracketed lines were deleted in the fourth and all + subsequent editions; “4th, change 6” means that in the fourth and + subsequent editions the bracketed lines were changed to the reading + listed here as number six. Several changes within deleted passages + are discussed but not marked on the text. + +In this e-text, marginal brackets are shown as braces { } at the +beginning and end of each bracketed section, with sidenotes shown +immediately before the bracketed text. Brackets or sidenotes that +spanned multiple paragraphs are repeated for each paragraph. Numbered +changes are shown as printed, at the end of the Introduction. + + * * * * * + * * * * + * * * * * + + The Augustan Reprint Society + + + SAMUEL RICHARDSON’S + + Introduction to _Pamela_ + + + Edited, with an Introduction by + + Sheridan W. Baker, Jr. + + + Publication Number 48 + + + Los Angeles + William Andrews Clark Memorial Library + University of California + + 1954 + + + + +GENERAL EDITORS + + RICHARD C. BOYS, University of Michigan + RALPH COHEN, University of California, Los Angeles + VINTON A. DEARING, University of California, Los Angeles + LAWRENCE CLARK POWELL, Clark Memorial Library + +ASSISTANT EDITOR + + W. EARL BRITTON, University of Michigan + +ADVISORY EDITORS + + EMMETT L. AVERY, State College of Washington + BENJAMIN BOYCE, Duke University + LOUIS BREDVOLD, University of Michigan + JOHN BUTT, King’s College, University of Durham + JAMES L. CLIFFORD, Columbia University + ARTHUR FRIEDMAN, University of Chicago + EDWARD NILES HOOKER, University of California, Los Angeles + LOUIS A. LANDA, Princeton University + SAMUEL H. MONK, University of Minnesota + ERNEST C. MOSSNER, University of Texas + JAMES SUTHERLAND, University College, London + H. T. SWEDENBERG, JR., University of California, Los Angeles + +CORRESPONDING SECRETARY + + EDNA C. DAVIS, Clark Memorial Library + + + + +INTRODUCTION + + +Since most publishers of _Pamela_ have preferred to print +Richardson’s table of contents from the sixth edition, his complete +introduction (his preface, together with letters to the editor and +comments) is missing even from some of our best collections. +Occasionally one finds the preface and the first two letters, but only +four publishers since Richardson have attempted to reprint the full +introduction. Harrison (London, 1785) -- who omits the first letter -- +and Cooke (London, 1802-3) both follow Richardson’s eighth edition; +Ballantyne (Edinburgh, 1824) uses the fourth; the Shakespeare Head +(Oxford, 1929), the third. And even these printings leave one +dissatisfied. The Shakespeare Head gives the fullest text, but naturally +omits Richardson’s revisions; Cooke gives the introduction in its final +form, but one misses the full text which accompanied the book in its +heyday; and rarely are both Cooke and Shakespeare Head to be found in +the same library. + +Richardson’s complete introduction gains importance when we note that he +retained and revised it through seven of his eight editions of _Pamela_. +To see the text and follow Richardson’s changes is to get an unusually +intimate view of his attitude toward his book, of his concessions and +tenacities, of Richardson the anonymous “editor” who could not keep the +author’s laurels completely under his hat. + +This present reprint, therefore, intends to give the fullest text of +Richardson’s introduction, and to indicate his changes. The text is that +of the second edition, reproduced with permission of the Huntington +Library. Brackets, added to this lithoprint, show Richardson’s principal +corrections: “4th” means that the bracketed lines were deleted in the +fourth and all subsequent editions; “4th, change 6” means that in the +fourth and subsequent editions the bracketed lines were changed to the +reading listed here as number six. Several changes within deleted +passages are discussed but not marked on the text. + +Richardson’s own editions of _Pamela_ appeared as follows: (1) November +6, 1740, (2) February 14, 1741, (3) March 12, 1741, (4) May 5, 1741, +(5) September 22, 1741, (6) May 10, 1742, (7) 1754, (8) October 28, +1761[1] (three months after Richardson’s death). The first edition +prints Richardson’s preface and two complimentary letters. To these the +“Introduction to this Second Edition” adds twenty-four pages of letters +and comment and the third edition makes no changes in the introduction +whatsoever, even retaining “this Second Edition,”[2] The fourth makes +some changes, and the fifth, considerably more. The sixth, a handsome +quarto in a row of duodecimos, abandons the introductory letters; the +seventh follows the fifth, and the eight makes some major cuts. + +Notwithstanding Richardson’s freedom in editing these letters -- and +Fielding’s insinuation in _Shamela_ that they were Richardson’s own copy +-- he wrote none of them. Jean Baptiste de Freval, a Frenchman living in +London, for whom Richardson was printing a book,[3] wrote the first. The +second probably came from William Webster, clergyman and editor of _The +Weekly Miscellany_, wherein the letter had appeared as an advertisement, +the first public reference to _Pamela_, on October 11, 1740.[4] Webster +owed (an obligation eventually forgiven) “a debt of 140 _l._ to my most +worthy Friend, Mr. _Richardson_, the _Printer_,”[5] and Richardson +reprints the letter using Webster’s phrase: “To my worthy Friend, the +Editor of _Pamela_.” These first two letters, de Freval’s and Webster’s, +respond to an author’s request for criticism. The rest, new with the +second edition, are unsolicited. + +All of these are the work of Aaron Hill, excepting only the anonymous +letter which Richardson summarizes, beginning on page xxi[6] -- sent to +Richardson in care of Charles Rivington, co-publisher of _Pamela_, on +November 15, 1740, the first gratuitous response to Richardson’s book. +To advertisements in _The Daily Gazeteer_ (November 20) and _The London +Evening-Post_ (December 11-13), Richardson added a note: + + An anonymous Letter relating to this Piece is come to the Editor’s + Hand, who takes this Opportunity (having no better) most heartily to + thank the Gentleman for his candid and judicious Observations; and + to beg Favour of a further Correspondence with him, under what + Restrictions he pleases. Instruction, and not Curiosity, being + sincerely the Motive for this request.[7] + +If the gentleman had answered, the introduction to _Pamela_ would +perhaps have been shorter. Some of Hill’s acerbity may have been +absorbed from Richardson, hurt by the writer’s silence. + +The double-entendres mentioned on page xxii are given in the gentleman’s +unpublished letter in the Forster collection, in the Victoria and Albert +Museum: + + Jokes are often more Severe, and do more Mischief, than more Solid + Objects -- to obviate some, why not omit P 175 -- _betwixt Fear and + Delight_ -- and P 181 -- _I made shift to eat a bit of_ etc. _but I + had no Appetite to any thing else_.[8] + +In the light of this letter, the second edition of _Pamela_ attests a +curious fact: while Hill pontificates in the introduction about ignoring +such vulgarity of mind, Richardson has tiptoed back to Volume Two and +changed the questioned passages. From the second edition forward, Pamela +trembles during her wedding not “betwixt Fear and Delight” but “betwixt +Fear and Joy”; and although Richardson leaves Pamela her shift on page +181, he changes her remark about appetite: “I made shift to get down a +bit of Apple-pie, and a little Custard; but that was all.” By omitting +the specific objections from his summary, Richardson managed at one +stroke to save his righteousness in the introduction and his face in the +text. + +Hill’s authorship of the introductory letters is easily established. +Anna Laetitia Barbauld includes Hill’s signature with a reduced version +of the one which here begins on page xvi (December 17, 1740).[9] +Thereafter, Richardson’s italicized remarks, two of them added in later +editions, provide the links: “_Abstract of a second Letter from the same +Gentleman_,” etc. + +With wonderful indirection, Richardson had sent a copy of _Pamela_ to +Hill’s daughters, along with some other books, and, as Hill writes +Mallet, “without the smallest _hint_, that it was _his_, and with a +grave apology, as for a _trifle_, of too light a species.”[10] Hill +thanked Richardson in the letter of December 17, 1740. Hill asks who on +earth the author might be, hinting, the while, by returning Richardson’s +own phrase, that he understands that it is Richardson himself: “this +_Trifle_ (for such, I dare answer for the _Author_, His Modesty +misguides him to think it).” Though Hill tells Mallet that Richardson +was “very loth ... a long time, to confess it,” Richardson did not dally +long. By December 29, 1740, he has confirmed Hill’s guess. On that date +Hill writes: + + Acquainted with the amiable goodness of your heart, I can foresee + the pleasure it will give you, to have given another pleasure: and + you heap it on me in the noblest manner, by the joy you make me + feel, at finding _Pamela’s_ incomparable author is the person I not + only hop’d to hear was so, but whom I should have been quite + griev’d, disturb’d, and mortified, not to have really found so. + + Yet, I confess, till I began to read, I had not the least notion of + it. But I presently took notice, that whatever _Pamela_ thought, + said, or did, was all transfusion of your own fine spirit. And as I + know not if there lives another writer, who could furnish her with + such a sapid sweetness as she fills the table with, I could not + therefor chuse but name _you_ to my hope, as moulder of this maiden + model.[11] + +Mrs. Barbauld omits this letter but prints another from Hill to +Richardson, not to be found now in the Forster collection, bearing the +same date -- December 29, 1740 (I, 56ff.). This letter furnishes the +“_delightful Story, so admirably related_” beginning on page xxxi. From +the second paragraph on (“We have a lively little Boy in the Family”), +the _Pamela_ text is substantially the same as Barbauld’s. But the first +paragraph Richardson has contrived to suit his editorial fiction. + +The delightful story so gratified Mr. Richardson that he sent lively +little Harry Campbell (“the dear amiable boy”) two books, an event +almost enough to finish him: + + Out burst a hundred _O Lords!_ in a torrent of voice rendered hoarse + and half choaked by his passions. He clasped his trembling fingers + together; and his hands were strained hard, and held writhing. His + elbows were extended to the height of his shoulders, and his eyes, + all inflamed with delight, turned incessantly round from one side, + and one friend, to the other, scattering his triumphant ideas among + us. His fairy-face (ears and all) was flushed as red as his lips; + and his flying feet told his joy to the floor, in a wild and + stamping impatience of gratitude.[12] + +The only other part of the introduction to _Pamela_ elsewhere in print +is the concluding poem. This, too, is Hill’s, printed in _The Weekly +Miscellany_, February 28, 1741, along with his December 17 letter, and +collected with Hill’s _Works_ (III, 348-350). This is the poem, it would +seem, of which Hill boasts that he has given “Pamela” a short “e” as +Richardson intended, asserting that “Mr. Pope has taught half the women +in England to pronounce it wrong.”[13] Pope in his _Epistle to Miss +Blount_ (line 49), had made the “e” long: + + The gods, to curse Pamela with her prayers, + Gave the gilt coach and dappled Flanders mares, + The shining robes, rich jewels, beds of state, + And, to complete her bliss, a fool for mate. + +Hill’s lines are somewhat less successful. He dedicated them to “the +Unknown Author of _Pamela_” two months after Richardson had confessed +his authorship. + +Richardson changes one line in the poem. In Hill’s _Works_ it reads: +“Whence _public wealth_ derives its vital course.” Richardson, a more +modern man perhaps, reads “_public Health_.” His emendation, however, +improves Hill’s metaphor concerning a blaze which is a pilot pointing +out the source of public wealth, which is drunk to prevent gangrene from +blackening to the bone. Further reflection led Richardson a year later +to change “vital” to “moral.” + +Throughout the letters in his introduction, Richardson made changes, all +largely stylistic. That Richardson removed the letters from the front of +his book in response to criticism -- as Cross[14] and others have +asserted -- is not quite accurate. He removed them from the sixth +edition, but put them back in the seventh and eighth; and his +alterations show him giving in to criticism only by inches, if indeed +his changes to his introduction are not more simply those of any author +trimming (and with Richardson, ever so little) his early extravagances. + +Richardson’s stubbornness here suggests other reasons for his +substituting a table of contents for his introduction in the sixth +edition. To print both would have been too prolix, even for Richardson; +and it seems that the table of contents, detailing the entire action, +together with the change to big quarto volumes, are Richardson’s efforts +to authenticate _Pamela_ in the face of Chandler’s and Kelly’s +unauthorized sequel, _Pamela’s Conduct in High Life_, printed to +complete the two duodecimo volumes of Richardson’s original story. +Richardson’s sixth edition is the first in which his own additional two +volumes, written to forestall Chandler and Kelly, are included with the +first two as a complete four-volume unit. Twelve years later, in 1754, +his true _Pamela_ established, he reverted to his introductory letters. +Hill’s death in 1750 may also have moved Richardson to restore the +introduction which was chiefly Hill’s work, recalling both his friend +and _Pamela’s_ greener days. In the eighth edition, at the end of his +life, Richardson still kept the introductory letters, though with some +final constrictions. + +Richardson makes the first changes to his introduction in the fourth +edition. Excepting minor clarifications, all deal with Hill’s answer to +the anonymous gentleman. The attitude toward this gentleman has +softened. The “rashest of All his Advices” becomes merely the “least +weigh’d” of his judgments, and his blindness becomes oversight. He is no +longer pedantic; he no longer makes vulgar allusions, but only fears +that they might be made. + +In the fifth edition, Richardson seems chiefly concerned with +redundancy, but he also diminishes some of the praise. In deference to +the gentleman, it would seem, Richardson deletes his flattery of Hill on +pages xxix and xxxi, and “_some of the most beautiful Letters that have +been written in any Language_” become simply “_Letters_.” Perhaps +Richardson’s conscience was bothering him. Perhaps he had heard from his +anonymous correspondent after all: he now identifies the gentleman’s +remarks as coming “_in a Letter from the Country_.” Unless pure fancy, +this is new information, for the letter, now in the Forster collection, +in no way indicates its place of origin. Richardson’s seeking of the +gentleman through advertisement in London newspapers suggests that he +thought of his correspondent as a city man. + +In the fifth edition one detects a certain discomfort with the false +editorship and the praise Richardson permits himself with it. His direct +response to criticism is slight. He deletes “_from_ low _to_ high +_Life_,” since _Pamela’s Conduct in High Life_ had appeared four months +previous. From the passages which Fielding ridicules in _Shamela_, he +drops no more than “wonderful” from before “AUTHOR of _Pamela_.” In the +passage introducing the new letters (page xv) Richardson now apologizes. +The Author, he implies, wanted the praises omitted, but much to his +sorrow the Editor could not disentangle them from the “critical +remarks.” The author’s modesty, however, remains in the realm of +possibility only. + +Where self-praise is strong a vague uneasiness sets Richardson to work +on the style, unable to locate the center of his trouble. On page v +“_strongly interest them in the edifying Story_” becomes “_attach their +regard to the Story,_” but this is barely to nibble at his phrase “_so +probable, so natural, so lively_” just preceding, which perished in the +eighth edition. + +Similarly, he attempts to cure the last paragraph of his preface through +minor incisions. He drops the parenthesis about the “_great Variety of +entertaining Incidents_”, and he diminishes “_these engaging Scenes_” to +“_it_”. But the paragraph is still too much for him. In the eighth +edition he cuts all but the outlines of his editor-author pretext. + +The seventh edition does no more than sharpen punctuation. The eighth in +general continues to trim little excesses, though the loss is scarcely +noticeable. Richardson further reduces Hill’s praise of the book and his +own praise of Hill, feeling his way toward a detached view of his book, +looking to posterity. Since _Pamela_ has fulfilled the prediction of +foreign renown made by his French friend, de Freval, Richardson now +omits de Freval’s obliging treachery to the literature of France (page +ix). Since the “delightful story” is anecdotal and not critical, it too +disappears. Other changes simply testify an author’s attention to his +style, uninhibited by the fact that the style is indeed not his. He +deletes a senseless remark about masculine flexibility. He removes +“Nature” from the foundation of the narrative (title page and page v, +though left on page viii) probably to avoid implying that Nature is in +the foundation only. + +From the first, Richardson’s disguise as editor is little more than +half-hearted. Its purpose was at first partly commercial, permitting +advertising in the preface. Four ladies urged him on, so, Richardson +confesses, he “struck a bold stroke in the preface... having the umbrage +of the editor’s character to screen [him] self behind.”[15] But the +author nevertheless threw rather distinct shadows on the screen. His +preface speaks of the book altogether as a work of fiction: the editor +has “set forth” social duties; he has “painted” vice and virtue, “drawn” +characters, “raised,” “taught,” “effected,” and “embellished with a +great variety of entertaining incidents.” Yet, suddenly, the editor also +seems to have done nothing more than to have “perused these engaging +scenes,” written a preface, and gotten them into print. + +Richardson cannot quite give the imaginary author substance. “These +sheets” have accomplished all the wonders claimed for them, not “the +author of these sheets.” Richardson speaks not of _the_ author, but of +_an_ author, of authors in general. The implication hangs over the +preface, and is strengthened by de Freval’s letter, that the editor +himself has worked up the story from the barest details of real life +(which is, of course, what Richardson did). De Freval continues to speak +of the work entirely as of creative writing. The epistolary style is +aptly devised; the book will become a pattern for this kind of fiction; +it is contrived for readers of all tastes. But, quite in contradiction, +de Freval also implies that the editor has shown him the author’s +original work, together with certain editorial changes necessary to +protect the real Pamela and Mr. B. + +The second letter, presumably Webster’s, toys with the suggestion that a +young woman actually wrote the letters which Richardson edits: “let us +have _Pamela_ as _Pamela_ wrote it.” But this is only in play. Although +the writer disparages “_Novels_,” the note which heads his letter when +it first appeared in _The Weekly Miscellany_ speaks of the “Author of +Pamela” who has “written an _English Novel_,”[16] and his opening +remarks are clearly those of a critic speaking of fiction. + +Hill’s first letter goes solidly for the conclusion that an author, +a man of genius, wrote the book. The heading, “To the Editor of +_Pamela_”, is Richardson’s only attempt to bring Hill’s letter into his +already wavering line. In the fifth edition, however, he introduces this +letter with his only straight statement that an author, distinct from +the editor, is involved, an author who begged the editor not to include +flattery. + +To the end of his days Richardson continued to sit under the editorial +shade -- _Sir Charles Grandison_ was “published” by the “editor of +_Pamela_ and _Clarissa_” -- enjoying the sunshine of his authorship. +His introduction to _Pamela_ and the care he took with it suggest more +succinctly than anything else Richardson’s flirtation with his adorers, +which is not at all unlike that of his so modest heroine. + + Sheridan W. Baker, Jr. + University of Michigan + + + [Footnote 1: William M. Sale, _Samuel Richardson, + a Bibliographical Record_ (New Haven, 1936), p. 13.] + + [Footnote 2: The fourth carries “the Second Edition” before the + new introductory letters; the fifth changes to “the Present + Edition.”] + + [Footnote 3: A translation of Abbé Noel Antoine Pluche: _The + History of the Heavens_, 2 vols. (1740). (William M. Sale, _Samuel + Richardson: Master Printer_ [Cornell, 1950], p. 193.)] + + [Footnote 4: William M. Sale, _Samuel Richardson, + a Bibliographical Record_, p. 15; William M. and Alan D. McKillop, + _Samuel Richardson_ (Chapel Hill, 1936), p. 42.] + + [Footnote 5: McKillop, pp. 301-2. Richardson had printed the + _Miscellany_ between 1733 and 1736.] + + [Footnote 6: Richardson mentions other letters but does not print + them. Hill’s reference to “The Gentleman’s Advice” on page xxii is + to a letter from Benjamin Slocock, who commended _Pamela_ from his + pulpit in St. Saviour’s, and thus helped provoke Henry Fielding. + (Sale, ibid., p. 17.)] + + [Footnote 7: McKillop, p. 49.] + + [Footnote 8: For this and other information concerning the Forster + collection of Richardson’s correspondence, I am indebted to Mr. + Arthur Wheen, Keeper of the Library, Victoria and Albert Museum, + London.] + + [Footnote 9: _The Correspondence of Samuel Richardson_ (London, + 1804), I, 53-55.] + + [Footnote 10: _The Works of the Late Aaron Hill, Esq._ (London, + 1753), II, 221. Letter dated January 23, 1741.] + + [Footnote 11: Hill, _Works_ II, 292.] + + [Footnote 12: Barbauld, I, 63-64.] + + [Footnote 13: Barbauld, I, lxxviii.] + + [Footnote 14: _The History of Henry Fielding_, I, 313.] + + [Footnote 15: Barbauld, I, lxxvi.] + + [Footnote 16: McKillop, p. 42.] + + +CHANGES + +1. ... _here; and writes with the more Assurance of Success, as an +_Editor_ may be allowed to judge with more Impartiality than is often to +be found in an _Author_._ + +2. _But Difficulties having arisen from different Opinions, some +applauding the very Things that others found Fault with, we have found +it necessary to insert the _Praises_ in the following Letters, with the +critical Remarks; because the Writer has so kindly mix’d them, that they +cannot be disjoin’d (however earnestly the Author of the Piece desire’d +it) without obscuring, and indeed defacing, all the Spirit of the +Reasoning._ + +3. _The following Objections to some Passages in Pamela were made by an +anonymous Gentleman, in a Letter from the Country._ + +4. _The ingenious Writer of the two preceding Letters, answers these +good natured Objections, as follows:_ + +5. Fourth: “least weigh’d”; fifth: “least considered.” + +6. ...it seems plain to me, that this Gentleman, however laudable his +Intention may be on the whole, discerns not an Elegance,... + +7. In the Occasions this Gentleman, in his Postscript, is pleas’d to +discover for _Jokes_, I either find not, that he has any Signification +at all, or, causelessly, as I think, apprehends that such coarse-tasted +Allusions to loose low-life Idioms, may be made, that _not_ to +understand what is meant by them, is both the cleanliest, and prudentest +Way of confuting them. + +8. ...in the Mind of the Reader, an Honesty so sincere and unguarded. + +9. Deleted, fifth edition; replaced in eighth with: “_In a Third Letter +the same benevolent Gentleman writes, as follows:_”. + + + * * * * * + * * * * + * * * * * + + + _PAMELA_: + + OR, + + VIRTUE Rewarded. + + In a SERIES of + + FAMILIAR LETTERS + + FROM A + + Beautiful Young DAMSEL, + + To her PARENTS. + + Now first Published + +In order to cultivate the Principles of VIRTUE + and RELIGION in the Minds of the YOUTH of + BOTH SEXES. + +A Narrative which has its Foundation in TRUTH + [_del._ 8th] {and NATURE}; and at the same time that it + agreeably entertains, by a Variety of _curious_ and + _affecting_ INCIDENTS, is intirely divested of all those + Images, which, in too many Pieces calculated for Amusement + only, tend to _inflame_ the Minds they should _instruct_. + + + In TWO VOLUMES. + + The SECOND EDITION. + + To which are prefixed, EXTRACTS from several curious + LETTERS written to the _Editor_ on the Subject. + + VOL. I. + + _LONDON:_ + + Printed for C. RIVINGTON, in _St. Paul’s Church-Yard_; + and J. OSBORN, in _Pater-noster Row_. + + M DCC XLI. + + + + + PREFACE + + by the + + EDITOR. + + +IF to _Divert_ and _Entertain_, and at the same time to _Instruct_, and +_Improve_ the Minds of the _YOUTH_ of _both Sexes_: + +IF to inculcate _Religion_ and _Morality_ in so easy and agreeable a +manner, as shall render them equally _delightful_ and _profitable_ +[_del._ 5th] {to the _younger Class_ of Readers, as well as worthy of +the Attention of Persons of _maturer_ Years and Understandings}: + +IF to set forth in the most exemplary Lights, the _Parental_, the +_Filial_, and the _Social_ Duties, [_del._ 5th] {and that from _low_ to +_high_ Life}: + +IF to paint _VICE_ in its proper Colours, to make it _deservedly +Odious_; and to set _VIRTUE_ in its own amiable Light, to make it truly +_Lovely_: + +IF to draw Characters _justly_, and to support them _equally_: + +IF to raise a Distress from _natural_ Causes, and to excite Compassion +from _proper_ Motives: + +IF to teach the Man of _Fortune_ how to use it; the Man of _Passion_ how +to subdue it; and the Man of _Intrigue_, how, gracefully, and with +Honour to himself, to _reclaim_: + +IF to give _practical_ Examples, worthy to be followed in the most +_critical_ and _affecting_ Cases, by the [_del._ 5th] {modest} _Virgin_, +the [_del._ 5th] {chaste} _Bride_, and the [_del._ 5th] {obliging} +_Wife_: + +IF to effect all these good Ends, [_del._ 8th] {in so probable, so +natural, so _lively_ a manner, as shall engage the Passions of every +sensible Reader, and strongly interest them in the edifying Story: + +AND all} without raising a single _Idea_ throughout the Whole, that +shall shock the exactest Purity, even in those tender Instances where +the exactest Purity would be most apprehensive: + +IF these [_del._ 5th] {, (embellished with a great Variety of +entertaining Incidents)} be laudable or worthy Recommendations of any +Work, the Editor of the following Letters, which have their Foundation +in _Truth_ [_del._ 8th] {and _Nature_}, ventures to assert, that all +these desirable Ends are obtained [8th, change 1.] {in these Sheets: And +as he is therefore confident of the favourable Reception which he boldly +bespeaks for this little Work; he thinks any _further Preface_ or +_Apology_ for it, unnecessary: And the rather for two Reasons, 1st. +Because he can Appeal from _his own_ Passions, (which have been +uncommonly _moved_ in perusing these engaging Scenes) to the Passions of +_Every one_ who shall read them with the least Attention: And, in the +next place, because an _Editor_ may reasonably be supposed to judge with +an Impartiality which is rarely to be met with in an _Author_ towards +his own Works.} + + The Editor. + + + + +To the Editor of the Piece intitled, PAMELA; or, _VIRTUE Rewarded_. + + +_Dear SIR,_ + +I have had inexpressible Pleasure in the Perusal of your PAMELA. It +intirely answers the Character you give of it in your Preface; nor have +you said one Word too much in Commendation of a Piece that has +Advantages and Excellencies peculiar to itself. For, besides the +beautiful Simplicity of the Style, and a happy Propriety and Clearness +of Expression (the Letters being written under the immediate Impression +of every Circumstance which occasioned them, and that to those who had a +Right to know the fair Writer’s most secret Thoughts) the several +Passions of the Mind must, of course, be more affectingly described, and +Nature may be traced in her undisguised Inclinations with much more +Propriety and Exactness, than can possibly be found in a Detail of +Actions long past, which are never recollected with the same Affections, +Hopes, and Dreads, with which they were felt when they occurred. + +This little Book will infallibly be looked upon as the hitherto +much-wanted Standard or Pattern for this Kind of Writing. For it abounds +with lively Images and Pictures; with Incidents natural, surprising, and +perfectly adapted to the Story; with Circumstances interesting to +Persons in common Life, as well as to those in exalted Stations. The +greatest Regard is every where paid in it to Decency, and to every Duty +of Life: There is a constant Fitness of the Style to the Persons and +Characters described; Pleasure and Instruction here always go hand in +hand: Vice and Virtue are set in constant Opposition, and Religion +every-where inculcated in its native Beauty and chearful Amiableness; +not dressed up in stiff, melancholy, or gloomy Forms, on one hand, nor +yet, on the other, debased below its due Dignity and noble Requisites, +in Compliment to a too fashionable but depraved Taste. And this I will +boldly say, that if its numerous Beauties are added to its excellent +Tendency, it will be found worthy a Place, not only in all Families +(especially such as have in them young Persons of either Sex) but in the +Collections of the most curious and polite Readers. For, as it borrows +none of its Excellencies from the romantic Flights of unnatural Fancy, +its being founded in Truth and Nature, and built upon Experience, will +be a lasting Recommendation to the Discerning and Judicious; while the +agreeable Variety of Occurrences and Characters, in which it abounds, +will not fail to engage the Attention of the gay and more sprightly +Readers. + +The moral Reflections and Uses to be drawn from the several Parts of +this admirable History, are so happily deduced from a Croud of different +Events and Characters, in the Conclusion of the Work, that I shall say +the less on that Head. But I think, the Hints you have given me, should +also prefatorily be given to the Publick; _viz._ That it will appear +from several Things mentioned in the Letters, that the Story must have +happened within these Thirty Years past: That you have been obliged to +vary some of the Names of Persons, Places, _&c._ and to disguise a few +of the Circumstances, in order to avoid giving Offence to some Persons, +who would not chuse to be pointed out too plainly in it; tho’ they would +be glad it may do the Good so laudably intended by the Publication. And +as you have in Confidence submitted to my Opinion some of those +Variations, I am much pleased that you have so managed the Matter, as to +make no Alteration in the Facts; and, at the same time, have avoided the +digressive Prolixity too frequently used on such Occasions. + + +Little Book, charming PAMELA! face the World, and never doubt of finding +Friends and Admirers, not only in thine own Country, but far from Home; +[_del._ 8th] {where thou mayst give an Example of Purity to the Writers +of a neighbouring Nation; which now shall have an Opportunity to receive +_English_ Bullion in Exchange for its own Dross, which has so long +passed current among us in Pieces abounding with all the Levities of its +volatile Inhabitants.} The reigning Depravity of the Times has yet left +Virtue many Votaries. Of their Protection you need not despair. May +every head-strong Libertine whose Hands you reach, be reclaimed; and +every tempted Virgin who reads you, imitate the Virtue, and meet the +Reward of the high-meriting, tho’ low-descended, PAMELA. I am, Sir, + + _Your most Obedient, + and Faithful Servant,_ + + J. B. D. F. + + + + +_To my worthy Friend, the Editor of PAMELA._ + +_SIR_, + +I return the Manuscript of _Pamela_ by the Bearer, which I have read +with a great deal of Pleasure. It is written with that Spirit of Truth +and agreeable Simplicity, which, tho’ much wanted, is seldom found in +those Pieces which are calculated for the Entertainment and Instruction +of the Publick. It carries Conviction in every Part of it; and the +Incidents are so natural and interesting, that I have gone hand-in-hand, +and sympathiz’d with the pretty Heroine in all her Sufferings, and been +extremely anxious for her Safety, under the Apprehensions of the bad +Consequences which I expected, every Page, would ensue from the laudable +Resistance she made. I have interested myself in all her Schemes of +Escape; been alternately pleas’d and angry with her in her Restraint; +_pleas’d_ with the little Machinations and Contrivances she set on foot +for her Release, and _angry_ for suffering her Fears to defeat them; +always lamenting, with a most sensible Concern, the Miscarriages of her +Hopes and Projects. In short, the whole is so affecting, that there is +no reading it without uncommon Concern and Emotion. Thus far only as to +the _Entertainment_ it gives. + +As to _Instruction_ and _Morality_, the Piece is full of both. It shews +Virtue in the strongest Light, and renders the Practice of it amiable +and lovely. The beautiful Sufferer keeps it ever in her View, without +the least Ostentation, or Pride; she has it so strongly implanted in +her, that thro’ the whole Course of her Sufferings, she does not so much +as hesitate once, whether she shall sacrifice it to Liberty and +Ambition, or not; but, as if there were no other way to free and save +herself, carries on a determin’d Purpose to persevere in her Innocence, +and wade with it throughout all Difficulties and Temptations, or perish +under them. [_del._ 8th] {It is an astonishing Matter, and well worth +our most serious Consideration, that a young beautiful Girl, in the low +Scene of Life and Circumstance in which Fortune placed her, without the +Advantage of a Friend capable to relieve and protect her, or any other +Education than what occurr’d to her from her own Observation and little +Reading, in the Course of her Attendance on her excellent Mistress and +Benefactress, could, after having a Taste of Ease and Plenty in a higher +Sphere of Life than what she was born and first brought up in, resolve +to return to her primitive Poverty, rather than give up her Innocence.} +I say, it is surprising, that a young Person, so circumstanced, could, +in Contempt of proffer’d Grandeur on the one side, and in Defiance of +Penury on the other, so happily and prudently conduct herself thro’ such +a Series of Perplexities and Troubles, and withstand the alluring Baits, +and almost irresistible Offers of a fine Gentleman, so universally +admired and esteemed, for the Agreeableness of his Person and good +Qualities, among all his Acquaintance; defeat all his Measures with so +much Address, and oblige him, at last, to give over his vain Pursuit, +and sacrifice his Pride and Ambition to Virtue, and become the Protector +of that Innocence which he so long and so indefatigably labour’d to +supplant: And all this without ever having entertain’d the least +previous Design or Thought for that Purpose: No Art used to inflame him, +no Coquetry practised to tempt or intice him, and no Prudery or +Affectation to tamper with his Passions; but, on the contrary, artless +and unpractised in the Wiles of the World, all her Endeavours, and even +all her Wishes, tended only to render herself as un-amiable as she could +in his Eyes: Tho’ at the same time she is so far from having any +Aversion to his Person, that she seems rather prepossess’d in his +Favour, and admires his Excellencies, whilst she condemns his Passion +for her. A glorious Instance of Self-denial! Thus her very Repulses +became Attractions: The more she resisted, the more she charm’d; and the +very Means she used to guard her Virtue, the more endanger’d it, by +inflaming his Passions: Till, at last, by Perseverance, and a brave and +resolute Defence, the Besieged not only obtain’d a glorious Victory over +the Besieger, but took him Prisoner too. + +I am charmed with the beautiful Reflections she makes in the Course of +her Distresses; her Soliloquies and little Reasonings with herself, are +exceeding pretty and entertaining: She pours out all her Soul in them +before her Parents without Disguise; so that one may judge of, nay, +almost see, the inmost Recesses of her Mind. A pure clear Fountain of +Truth and Innocence; a Magazine of Virtue and unblemish’d Thoughts! + +I can’t conceive why you should hesitate a Moment as to the Publication +of this very natural and uncommon Piece. I could wish to see it out in +its own native Simplicity, which will affect and please the Reader +beyond all the Strokes of Oratory in the World; for those will but spoil +it: and, should you permit such a murdering Hand to be laid upon it, to +gloss and tinge it over with superfluous and needless Decorations, +which, like too much Drapery in Sculpture and Statuary, will but +encumber it; it may disguise the Facts, mar the Reflections, and +unnaturalize the Incidents, so as to be lost in a Multiplicity of fine +idle Words and Phrases, and reduce our Sterling Substance into an empty +Shadow, or rather _frenchify_ our _English_ Solidity into Froth and +Whip-syllabub. No; let us have _Pamela_ as _Pamela_ wrote it; in her own +Words, without Amputation, or Addition. Produce her to us in her neat +Country Apparel, such as she appear’d in, on her intended Departure to +her Parents; for such best becomes her Innocence, and beautiful +Simplicity. Such a Dress will best edify and entertain. The flowing +Robes of Oratory may indeed amuse and amaze, but will never strike the +Mind with solid Attention. + +In short, Sir, a Piece of this Kind is much wanted in the World, which +is but too much, as well as too early, debauched by pernicious _Novels_. +I know nothing Entertaining of that Kind that one might venture to +recommend to the Perusal (much less the Imitation) of the Youth of +either Sex: All that I have hitherto read, tends only to corrupt their +Principles, mislead their Judgments, and initiate them into Gallantry, +and loose Pleasures. + +Publish then, this good, this edifying and instructive little Piece for +their sakes. The Honour of _Pamela_’s Sex demands _Pamela_ at your +Hands, to shew the World an Heroine, almost beyond Example, in an +unusual Scene of Life, whom no Temptations, or Sufferings, could subdue. +It is a fine, and glorious Original, for the Fair to copy out and +imitate. Our own Sex, too, require it of you, to free us, in some +measure, from the Imputation of being incapable of the Impressions of +Virtue and Honour; [_del._ 8th] {and to shew the Ladies, that we are not +inflexible while they are so.} + +In short, the Cause of Virtue calls for the Publication of such a Piece +as this. Oblige then, Sir, the concurrent Voices of both Sexes, and give +us _Pamela_ for the Benefit of Mankind: [_del._ 8th] {And as I believe +its Excellencies cannot be long unknown to the World, and that there +will not be a Family without it; so I make no Doubt but every Family +that has it, will be much improv’d and better’d by it.} ’Twill form the +tender Minds of _Youth_ for the Reception and Practice of Virtue and +Honour; confirm and establish those of _maturer Years_ on good and +steady Principles; reclaim the Vicious, and mend the Age in general; +insomuch that as I doubt not _Pamela_ will become the bright Example and +Imitation of all the fashionable young Ladies of _Great Britain_; so the +truly generous Benefactor and Rewarder of her exemplary Virtue, will be +no less admired and imitated among the _Beau Monde_ of our own Sex. I am + + _Your affectionate Friend, &c._ + + + + +INTRODUCTION + +TO THIS + +SECOND EDITION. + + +_The kind Reception which this Piece has met with from the Publick, +[_del._ 4th] {(a large Impression having been carried off in less than +Three Months)} deserves not only Acknowlegdment, but that some Notice +should be taken of the Objections that have hitherto come to hand +against a few Passages in it, [_del._ 5th] {that so the Work may be +rendered as unexceptionable as possible, and, of consequence, the fitter +to answer the general Design of it; which is to promote Virtue, and +cultivate the Minds of the Youth of both Sexes.}_ + +[5th, change 2.] {_But Difficulties having arisen from the different +Opinions of Gentlemen, some of whom applauded the very Things that +others found Fault with, it was thought proper to submit the Whole to +the Judgment of a Gentleman of the most distinguish’d Taste and +Abilities; the Result of which will be seen in the subsequent Pages._} + +[_del._ 5th] {_We begin with the following Letter, at the Desire of +several Gentlemen, to whom, on a very particular Occasion, it was +communicated, and who wish’d to see it prefixed to the New Edition. It +was directed,_} + + +_To the Editor of PAMELA._ + +_Dear Sir,_ + +You have agreeably deceiv’d me into a Surprize, which it will be as hard +to express, as the Beauties of PAMELA. Though I open’d this powerful +little Piece with more Expectation than from common Designs, of like +Promise, because it came from _your_ Hands, for my _Daughters_, yet, who +could have dreamt, he should find, under the modest Disguise of a +_Novel_, all the _Soul_ of Religion, Good-breeding, Discretion, +Good-nature, Wit, Fancy, Fine Thought, and Morality?---I have done +nothing but read it to others, and hear others again read it, to me, +ever since it came into my Hands; and I find I am likely to do nothing +else, for I know not how long yet to come: because, if I lay the Book +down, it comes after me.----When it has dwelt all Day long upon the Ear, +It takes Possession, all Night, of the Fancy.----It has Witchcraft in +every Page of it: but it is the Witchcraft of Passion and Meaning. Who +is there that will not despise the false, empty _Pomp_ of the Poets, +when he observes in this little, unpretending, mild Triumph of _Nature_, +the whole Force of Invention and Genius, creating new Powers of Emotion, +and transplanting _Ideas_ of _Pleasure_ into that unweeded low Garden +the _Heart_, from the dry and sharp _Summit_ of _Reason_? + +Yet, I confess, there is _One_, in the World, of whom I think with still +greater Respect, than of PAMELA: and That is, of the [_del._ 5th] +{wonderful} AUTHOR of PAMELA.----Pray, Who is he, Dear Sir? and where, +and how, has he been able to hide, hitherto, such an encircling and +all-mastering Spirit? He possesses every Quality that ART could have +charm’d by: yet, has lent it to, and conceal’d it in, NATURE.----The +Comprehensiveness of his Imagination must be truly prodigious!----It has +stretch’d out this diminutive mere _Grain_ of _Mustard-seed_, (a poor +Girl’s little, innocent, Story) into a Resemblance of That _Heaven_, +which the Best of Good Books has compar’d it to.----All the Passions are +His, in their most close and abstracted Recesses: and by selecting the +most delicate, and yet, at the same time, most powerful, of their +Springs, thereby to act, wind, and manage, the Heart, He _moves_ us, +every where, with the Force of a TRAGEDY. + +What is there, throughout the _Whole_, that I do not sincerely +admire!---I admire, in it, the strong distinguish’d Variety, and +picturesque glowing Likeness to _Life_, of the Characters. I know, hear, +see, and live among ’em All: and, if I cou’d paint, cou’d return you +their _Faces_. I admire, in it, the noble Simplicity, Force, Aptness, +and Truth, of so many modest, œconomical, moral, prudential, religious, +satirical, and cautionary, _Lessons_; which are introduc’d with such +seasonable Dexterity, and with so polish’d and exquisite a Delicacy, of +Expression and Sentiment, that I am only apprehensive, for the +_Interests_ of _Virtue_, lest some of the _finest_, and _most touching_, +of those elegant Strokes of Good-breeding, Generosity, and Reflection, +shou’d be lost, under the too gross Discernment of an unfeeling Majority +of Readers; for whose Coarseness, however, they were kindly design’d, as +the most useful and charitable Correctives. + +One of the best-judg’d Peculiars, of the Plan, is, that These +Instructions being convey’d, as in a Kind of Dramatical Representation, +by those beautiful _Scenes_, Her own Letters and Journals, who acts the +most moving and suffering _Part_, we feel the Force in a threefold +Effect,----from the Motive, the Act, and the Consequence. + +But what, above All, I am charm’d with, is the amiable _Good-nature_ of +the AUTHOR; who, I am convinc’d, has one of the best, and most generous +Hearts, of Mankind: because, mis-measuring _other_ Minds, by _His Own_, +he can draw Every thing, to Perfection, but _Wickedness_.----I became +inextricably in _Love_ with this delightful Defect of his Malice;--for, +I found it owing to an _Excess_ in his _Honesty_. Only observe, Sir, +with what _virtuous Reluctance_ he complies with the Demands of his +Story, when he stands in need of some blameable Characters. Tho’ his +Judgment compels him to mark ’em with disagreeable Colourings, so that +they make an odious Appearance at first, He can’t forbear, by an +unexpected and gradual Decline from Themselves, to soften and transmute +all the Horror conceiv’d for their Baseness, till we are arriv’d, +through insensible Stages, at an Inclination to forgive it intirely. + +I must venture to add, without mincing the matter, what I really +believe, of this Book.---It will live on, through Posterity, with such +unbounded Extent of Good Consequences, that Twenty Ages to come may be +the Better and Wiser, for its Influence. It will steal first, +imperceptibly, into the Hearts of the _Young_ and the _Tender_: where It +will afterwards guide and moderate their Reflections and Resolves, when +grown Older. And so, a gradual moral Sunshine, of un-austere and +compassionate _Virtue_, shall break out upon the _World_, from this +TRIFLE (for such, I dare answer for the _Author_, His Modesty misguides +him to think it).----No Applause therefore can be too _high_, for _such +Merit_. And, let me abominate the contemptible _Reserves of +mean-spirited Men_, who while they but _hesitate_ their Esteem, with +Restraint, can be fluent and uncheck’d in their _Envy_.----In an Age so +deficient in Goodness, Every such Virtue, as That of this Author, is a +salutary _Angel_, in _Sodom_. And _One_ who cou’d stoop to conceal, +a Delight he receives from the _Worthy_, wou’d be equally capable of +submitting to an Approbation of the _Praise_ of the _Wicked_. + +I was thinking, just now, as I return’d from a _Walk_ in the _Snow_, on +that _Old Roman Policy_, of Exemptions in Favour of Men, who had given a +few, bodily, Children to the Republick.----What superior Distinction +ought _our_ Country, to find [_del._ 8th] {(but that Policy and We are +at Variance)} for Reward of this _Father, of Millions of_ MINDS, which +are to owe new Formation to the future Effect of his Influence! + +Upon the whole, as I never met with so pleasing, so honest, and so truly +deserving a Book, I shou’d never have done, if I explain’d All my +Reasons for admiring its Author.----If it is not a _Secret_, oblige me +so far as to tell me his _Name_: for since I feel him the _Friend_ of +my Soul, it would be a Kind of Violation to retain him a +_Stranger_.----I am not able to thank you enough, for this highly +acceptable Present. And, as for my Daughters, They have taken into their +Own Hands the Acknowledgment due from their Gratitude. I am, + + DEAR SIR, + _Your, &c._ + + Dec. 17, 1740. + + +_Abstract of a second Letter from the same Gentleman._ + + ---No Sentiments which I have here, or in my last, express’d, of the + sweet _Pamela_, being more than the bare Truth, which every Man must + feel, who lends his Ear to the inchanting Prattler, why does the + Author’s Modesty mislead his Judgment, to suspect the Style wants + Polishing?---No, Sir, there is an _Ease_, a _natural Air_, + a dignify’d _Simplicity_, and measured Fullness, in it, that, + resembling Life, outglows it! He has reconciled the _Pleasing_ to + the _Proper_. The _Thought_ is every-where exactly _cloath’d_ by the + _Expression_: And becomes its Dress as roundly, and as close, as + _Pamela_ her Country-habit. Remember, tho’ she put it on with humble + Prospect, of descending to the Level of her Purpose, it _adorn’d_ + her, with such unpresum’d _Increase_ of Loveliness; sat with such + neat Propriety of Elegant Neglect about her, that it threw out All + her Charms, with tenfold, and resistless Influence.---And so, dear + Sir, it will be always found.---When modest Beauty seeks to hide + itself by casting off the _Pride_ of _Ornament_, it but displays + itself without a _Covering_: And so, becoming more distinguished, by + its Want of _Drapery_, grows _stronger_, from its _purpos’d + Weakness_. + +[5th, change 3.] + +{_There were formed by an anonymous Gentleman, the following Objections +to some Passages in the Work._} + +1. That the Style ought to be a little raised, at least so soon as +_Pamela_ knows the Gentleman’s Love is honourable, and when [7th: “her”] +{his} Diffidence is changed to Ease: And from about the fourth Day after +Marriage, it should be equal to the Rank she is rais’d to, [_del._ 4th] +{and charged to fill becomingly}. + +2. That to avoid the Idea apt to be join’d with the Word ’_Squire_, the +Gentleman should be styled Sir _James_; or Sir _John_, &c. and Lady +_Davers_ in a new Edition might procure for him the Title of a Baronet. + +3. That if the sacred Name were seldomer repeated, it would be better; +for that the Wise Man’s Advice is, _Be not righteous over-much_. + +4. That the Penance which _Pamela_ suffers from Lady _Davers_ might be +shorten’d: That she is too timorous after owning her Marriage to that +Lady, and ought to have a little more Spirit, and [_del._ 5th] {get away +sooner out at the Window, or} call her own Servants to protect, and +carry her to her Husband’s Appointment. + +5. That Females are too apt to be struck with Images of Beauty; and that +the Passage where the Gentleman is said to span the Waist of _Pamela_ +with his Hand, is enough to ruin a Nation of Women by Tight-lacing. + +6. That the Word _naughty_ had better be changed to some other, as +_Bad_, _Faulty_, _Wicked_, _Vile_, _Abominable_, _Scandalous_: Which in +most Places would give an Emphasis, for which recourse must otherwise be +had to the innocent Simplicity of the Writer; an Idea not necessary to +the Moral of the Story, nor of Advantage to the Character of the +Heroine. + +7. That the Words, _p. 305._ _Foolish Thing that I am_, had better be +_Foolish that I am_. The same Gentleman observes by way of _Postscript_, +that Jokes are often more severe, and do more Mischief, than more solid +Objections; and would have one or two Passages alter’d, to avoid giving +Occasion for the Supposition of a double Entendre, particularly in two +Places which he mentions, _viz._ _p. 175. and 181_. + +_He is pleased to take notice of several other Things of less Moment, +some of which are merely typographical; and very kindly expresses, on +the Whole, a high Opinion of the Performance, and thinks it may do a +great deal of Good: For all which, as well as for his Objections, the +Editor gives him very sincere Thanks._ + +_Others are of Opinion, That the Scenes in many Places, in the Beginning +especially, are too low; and that the Passions of Lady _Davers_, in +particular, are carried too high, and above Nature._ + +_And others have intimated, That _Pamela_ ought, for Example sake, to +have discharg’d Mrs. _Jewkes_ from her Service._ + +_These are the most material Objections that have come to hand, all +which are considered in the following [_del._ 5th] {Extracts from some +of the most beautiful} Letters [_del._ 5th] {that have been written in +any Language}:_ + +[8th adds change 4] + + The Gentleman’s Advice, not to alter _Pamela_ at all, was both + friendly, and solidly just. I run in, with full Sail, to his + Anchorage, that the low Scenes are no more out of Nature, than the + high Passions of proud Lady _Davers_. Out of Nature, do they say? + ’Tis my Astonishment how Men of Letters can read with such absent + Attention! They are so far from _Out_ of _Nature_, They are absolute + _Nature herself_! or, if they must be confess’d her _Resemblance_; + they are _such_ a Resemblance, at least, as our _true Face_ gives + our _Face_ in the _Looking-glass_. + + I wonder indeed, what it is, that the Gentlemen, who talk of _Low_ + Scenes, wou’d desire should be understood by the Epithet?---Nothing, + properly speaking, is _low_, that suits well with the Place it is + rais’d to.----The Passions of Nature are the same, in the _Lord_, + and his _Coach-man_. All, that makes them seem different consists in + the _Degrees_, in the _Means_, and the _Air_, whereto or wherewith + they indulge ’em. If, in painting Distinctions like these, (which + arise but from the Forms of Men’s Manners, drawn from _Birth_, + _Education_, and _Custom_) a Writer _falls short_ of his Characters, + there his Scene is a low one, indeed, whatever high Fortune it + flatter’d. But, to imagine that Persons of Rank are above a Concern + for what is thought, felt, or acted, by others, of their Species, + between whom and themselves is _no Difference_, except such as was + owing to Accident, is to reduce Human Nature to a Lowness,--_too + low_ for the _Truth_ of her _Frailty_.-- + + In _Pamela_, in particular, we owe All to her _Lowness_. It is to + the docile Effects of this Lowness of _that amiable Girl_, in her + Birth, her Condition, her Hopes, and her Vanities, in every thing, + in short, but her _Virtue_,---that her Readers are indebted, for the + moral _Reward_, of that _Virtue_. And if we are to look for the + _Low_ among the Rest of the Servants, less lovely tho’ they are, + than a _Pamela_, there is something however, so glowingly painted, + in the Lines whereby the Author has mark’d their + Distinctions----Something, so movingly forceful, in the _Grief_ at + their _Parting_, and _Joy_ at the happy Return,---Something so + finely, at once, and so strongly and feelingly, _varied_, even in + the smallest and least promising, little Family Incidents! that I + need only appeal from the _Heads_, to the _Hearts_ of the Objectors + themselves, whether these are _low_ Scenes to be censur’d? + + And as for the opposite Extreme they wou’d quarrel with, the + high-passion’d, and un-tam’d Lady _Davers_,---I cou’d direct ’em to + a Dozen or two of _Quality Originals_, from whom (with Exception + perhaps of her _Wit_) one wou’d swear the Author had taken her + Copy.---What a Sum might these Objectors ensure, to be paid, by the + _Husbands_ and _Sons_, of such termagant, hermaphrodite Minds, upon + their making due Proof, that they were no longer to be found, in the + Kingdom! + + I know, you are too just to imagine me capable of giving any other + Opinion than my best-weigh’d and true one. But, because it is fit + you should have _Reasons_, in Support of a Judgment that can neither + deserve nor expect an implicit Reception, I will run over the + Anonymous Letter I herewith return you; and note with what Lightness + even Men of _good-natur’d_ Intention fall into _Mistakes_, by + Neglect in too hasty Perusals, which their Benevolence wou’d take + Pleasure in blushing at, when they discover their Weakness, in a + cooler Revisal. + + The Writer of this Letter is for having the Style _rais’d_, after + _Pamela_’s Advance in her Fortune. But surely, This was hasty + Advice: because, as the Letters are writ to her Parents, it wou’d + have look’d like forgetting, and, in some sort, insulting, the + Lowliness of their inferior Condition, to have assum’d a new Air in + her Language, in Place of retaining a steady Humility. But, here, it + must not be pass’d unobserv’d, that in her Reports of Conversations + that follow’d her Marriage, she _does_, aptly and beautifully, + heighten her Style, and her Phrases: still returning however to her + decent Simplicity, in her Addresses to her Father and Mother. + + I am against giving a Gentleman (who has ennobled himself, by + reforming his Vices, and rewarding the Worth of the _Friendless_) + the unnecessary new Toy of a _Title_. It is all strong in Nature, as + it stands in the Letters: and I don’t see how Greatness, from + Titles, can add Likeness or Power, to the Passions. So complete a + Resemblance of _Truth_ stands in need of no borrow’d Pretensions. + + The Only of this Writer’s Objections, which, I think, carries + Weight, is That, which advises some little _Contraction_ of the + Prayers, and Appeals to the Deity. I say _little_ Contraction: for + they are nobly and sincerely pathetic. And I say it only in Fear, + lest, if fansied too long, by the fashionably _Averse_ to the + Subject, Minds, which most want the _purpos’d Impression_, might + hazard the _Loss_ of its _Benefit_, by passing over those pious + Reflections, which, if shorter, would catch their Attention. + + Certainly, the Gentleman’s Objection against the Persecution that + _Pamela_ suffers from lady _Davers_, in respect to the Relation this + Madwoman bears to the _Brother_, is the [4th & 5th, change 5.] + {rashest} of All his Advices! And when he thinks she ought rather to + have assum’d the Protection of her Servants, he seems unaware of the + probable _Consequence_; where there was a Puppy, of Quality, in the + Case, who had, even without Provocation, drawn his Sword on the poor + passive PAMELA. Far from bearing a Thought of exciting an abler + Resentment, to the Danger of a Quarrel with so worthless a Coxcomb, + how charmingly natural, apprehensive, and generous, is her Silence + (during the Recital she makes of her Sufferings) with regard to this + _masculine_ Part of the Insult! as also her Prevention of Mrs. + _Jewkes_’s less delicate Bluntness, when she was beginning to + complain of the whelp Lord’s Impertinence! + + If I were not afraid of a _Pun_, I shou’d tell the anonymous + Letter-writer, that he made a too _tight-laced_ Objection, where he + quarrels with the spann’d Waist of _Pamela_. What, in the Name of + Unshapeliness! cou’d he find, to complain of, in a beautiful Girl of + Sixteen, who was born _out of Germany_, and had not, yet, reach’d + ungraspable _Roundness_!----These are wonderful Sinkings from + Purpose, where a Man is considering such mental, and passionate + Beauties, as this Gentleman profess’d to be touch’d by! + + But, when he goes on, to object against the Word _naughty_, (as + apply’d in the Phrase _naughty Master_) [4th, change 6.] {I grow + mortified, in Fear for our human Sufficiency, compar’d with our + Aptness to blunder! For, here, ’tis plain, this Director of + Another’s Discernment is quite blind, Himself, to an Elegance,} one + wou’d have thought it _impossible_ not to be struck by?---Faulty, + wicked, abominable, scandalous, (which are the angry Adjectives, he + prefers to that sweet one) wou’d have carried Marks of her Rage, not + Affliction--whereas _naughty_ contains, in One single significant + Petulance, [5th: “a Variety of”] {twenty thousand} inexpressible + Delicacies!---It insinuates, at once, all the beautiful Struggle, + between her Contempt of his Purpose, and tender Regard for his + Person; her Gratitude to Himself and his Family; her Recollection of + his superior Condition.--There is in the elegant Choice of this + half-kind, half-peevish, _Word_, a never-enough to be prais’d + speaking Picture of the Conflict betwixt her Disdain, and her + Reverence! [_del._ 4th] {See, Sir, the Reason I had, for + apprehending some Danger that the refin’d Generosity in many of the + most charming of the Sentiments wou’d be _lost_, upon the too coarse + Conception of some, for whose Use the Author intended them.} + + It is the same Case again, in _foolish Thing that I am!_ which this + nice, [_del._ 4th] {un-nice,} Gentleman wou’d advise you to change, + into _foolish that I am!_ He does not seem to have tasted the pretty + Contempt of Herself, the submissive _Diminutive_, so distant from + Vanity, yet allayed by the gentle Reluctance in Self-condemnation + [_del._ 4th] {;---and the other fine Touches of Nature: which wou’d + All have been lost, in the grave, sober Sound of his _Dutch + Emendation_.} + + [_del._ 4th] + + {As to his Paragraph in _Postscript_, I shall say the less of it, + because the Gentleman’s own good Sense seems to confess, by the + Place he has chosen to rank it in, that it ought to be turn’d out of + Doors, as too _dirty_ for the rest of his Letter.----} [4th, + change 7.] In the Occasions {he} is pleas’d to discover for _Jokes_, + I either find not, that he has any Signification at all, or {such + vulgar,} coarse-tasted Allusions to loose low-life Idioms, [_ins._] + that _not_ to understand what {he means,} is both the cleanliest, + and prudentest Way of confuting {him}. + + And now, Sir, you will easily gather how far I am from thinking it + needful to change any thing in _Pamela_. I would not scratch such a + beautiful Face, for the _Indies_! + + [_del._ 8th] + + {You can hardly imagine how it charms me to hear of a Second Edition + already! but the News of still new upon new ones, will be found no + Subject of Wonder. As ’tis sure, that no Family is without Sisters, + or Brothers, or Daughters, or Sons, who can _read_; or wants + Fathers, or Mothers, or Friends, who can _think_; so equally certain + it is, that the Train to a Parcel of Powder does not run on with + more natural Tendency, till it sets the whole Heap in a Blaze, than + that _Pamela_, inchanting from Family to Family, will overspread all + the Hearts of the Kingdom.} + + As to the Objection of those warm Friends to _Honesty_, who are for + having _Pamela_ dismiss Mrs. _Jewkes_; there is not One, among All + these benevolent Complainers, who wou’d not discern himself to have + been, _laudably_, in the _wrong_, were he only to be ask’d this + plain Question---Whether a Step, both ill-judg’d, and undutiful, had + not been the Reverse of a PAMELA’s Character?---Two or three times + over, Mr. _B----_ had inform’d her, that Mrs. _Jewkes_ and Himself + having been equally involv’d in _One Guilt_, she must forgive, or + condemn, _Both together_. After this, it grew manifest _Duty_ not to + treat her with Marks of Resentment.---And, as here was a visible + Necessity to appear not desirous of turning her away, so, in point + of mere _Moral_ Regard to the bad Woman Herself, it was nobler, to + retain her, with a Prospect of correcting, in Time, her loose Habit + of thinking, than, by casting her off, to the licentious Results of + her Temper, abandon her to Temptations and Danger, which a Virtue + like PAMELA’s cou’d not wish her expos’d to. + +[_del._ 5th] + +{_The Manner in which this admirable Gentleman gives his Opinion of the +Piece, and runs thro’ the principal Characters, is so masterly, that the +Readers of _Pamela_ will be charm’d by it, tho’ they should suppose, +that his inimitable Benevolence has over-valu’d the Piece itself._} + + Inspir’d, without doubt, by some Skill, more than human, and + comprehending in an humble, and seemingly artless, Narration, + a Force that can tear up the Heart-strings, this Author has prepar’d + an enamouring _Philtre_ for the Mind, which will excite such a + _Passion_ for Virtue, as scarce to leave it in the Power of the + _Will_ to neglect her. + + _Longinus_, I remember, distinguishing by what Marks we may know the + _Sublime_, says, it is chiefly from an Effect that will follow the + Reading it: a delightfully-adhering Idea, that clings fast to the + Memory; and from which it is difficult for a Man to disengage his + Attention.---If _this_ is a Proof of the _Sublime_, there was never + _Sublimity_ so lastingly felt, as in PAMELA! + + Not the Charmer’s own prattling Idea stuck so close to the Heart of + her Master, as the Incidents of her Story to the Thoughts of a + Reader.---The Author transports, and transforms, with a Power more + extensive than _Horace_ requires, in his POET!--- + + Mr. _B----_, and the Turns of his Passions---and the Softness, yet + Strength, of their amiable Object---after having given us the most + masterly Image of Nature, that ever was painted! take Possession of, + and _dwell in_, the Memory. + + And there, too, broods the kind and the credulous Parson WILLIAMS’s + _Dove_, (without _serpentine_ Mixture) hatching _Pity_ and + _Affection_, [4th, change 8.] {for an Honesty so sincere, and so + silly!} + + There too, take their Places All the _lower_ Supports of this + beautiful Fabrick.--- + + I am sometimes transform’d into plain Goodman ANDREWS, and sometimes + the good Woman, his Wife. + + As for old Mr. LONGMAN, and JONATHAN, the Butler, they are sure of + me both, in their Turns. + + Now and-then, I am COLBRAND the _Swiss_: but, as _broad_ as _I + stride_, in that Character, I can never escape Mrs. JEWKES: who + often keeps me awake in the Night--- + + Till the Ghost of Lady DAVERS, drawing open the Curtains, scares the + _Scarer_, of me, and of PAMELA!--- + + And, then, I take Shelter with poor penitent JOHN, and the rest of + the _Men_ and the _Maids_, of all whom I may say, with compassionate + _Marcia_, + + --------_The Youths DIVIDE their Reader._ + +[5th & 8th, change 9.] + +{_And this fine Writer adds:_} + + I am glad I made War, in my last, upon the Notion of altering the + Style: for, having read it twice over since then, (and to Audiences, + where the _Tears_ were applausively eloquent) I could hardly, here + and there, find a Place, where one Word _can_ be chang’d for a + better. There are some indeed, where ’twere _possible_ to leave out, + a few, without making a Breach in the Building. But, in short, the + Author has put so bewitching a Mixture together, of the _Rais’d_ + with the _Natural_, and the _Soft_ with the _Strong_ and the + _Eloquent_---thatnever Sentiments were finer, and fuller of Life! + never any were utter’d so sweetly!---Even in what relates to the + pious and frequent Addresses to God, I now retract (on these two + last Revisals) the Consent I half gave, on a _former_, to the + anonymous Writer’s Proposal, who advis’d the Author to _shorten_ + those Beauties.----Whoever considers his _Pamela_ with a View to + find Matter for Censure, is in the Condition of a passionate Lover, + who breaks in upon his Mistress, without Fear or Wit, with Intent to + accuse her, and quarrel---He came to her with Pique in his Purpose; + but his _Heart_ is too hard for his _Malice_---and he goes away more + enslav’d, for complaining. + + +[_del._ 5th] + +{_The following delightful Story, so admirably related, will give great +Pleasure to the Reader; and we take the Liberty of inserting it, for +that very Reason._} + +[_del._ 8th] + + {What a never-to-be satisfied _Length_ has this Subject always the + Power of attracting me into! And yet, before I have done, I must by + your means tell the Author a _Story_, which a Judge not so skilful + in Nature as he is, might be in Danger perhaps of mistaking, for a + trifling and silly one. I expect it shou’d give him the clearest + Conviction, in a Case he is subject to question.} + +[_del._ 8th] + + {We have a lively little Boy in the Family, about seven Years + old---but, alas for him, poor Child! quite unfriended; and born to + no Prospect. He is the Son of an honest, poor Soldier, by a Wife, + grave, unmeaning, and innocent. Yet the Boy, (see the Power of + connubial _Simplicity_) is so pretty, so genteel, and gay-spirited, + that we have made him, and design’d him, our _own_, ever since he + could totter, and waddle. The wanton Rogue is half Air: and every + Motion he acts by has a Spring, like _Pamela_’s when she threw down + the Card-table. All this Quickness, however, is temper’d by a + good-natur’d Modesty: so that the wildest of his Flights are thought + rather diverting than troublesome. He is an hourly Foundation for + Laughter, from the Top of the House to the Parlours: and, to borrow + an Attribute from the Reverend Mr. _Peters_, (tho’ without any Note + of his Musick) _plays a very good_ FIDDLE in the Family. I have told + you the History of this _Tom-tit_ of a Prater, because, ever since + my first reading of PAMELA, he puts in for a Right to be _one_ of + her Hearers; and, having got half her Sayings by heart, talks in no + other Language but hers: and, what really surprises, and has charm’d + me into a _certain_ Fore-taste of her Influence, he is, at once, + become fond of his Book; which (before) he cou’d never be brought to + attend to---that _he may read_ PAMELA, he says, _without stopping_. + The first Discovery we made of this Power over so unripe and unfix’d + an Attention, was, one Evening, when I was reading her Reflections + at the _Pond_ to some Company. The little rampant Intruder, being + kept out by the Extent of the Circle, had crept under my Chair, and + was sitting before me, on the Carpet, with his Head almost touching + the Book, and his Face bowing down toward the Fire.---He had sat for + some time in this Posture, with a Stillness, that made us conclude + him asleep: when, on a sudden, we heard a Succession of + heart-heaving Sobs; which while he strove to conceal from our + Notice, his little Sides swell’d, as if they wou’d burst, with the + throbbing Restraint of his Sorrow. I turn’d his innocent Face, to + look toward me; but his Eyes were quite lost, in his _Tears_: which + running down from his Cheeks in free Currents, had form’d two + sincere little Fountains, on that Part of the Carpet he hung over. + All the Ladies in Company were ready to devour him with Kisses: and + he has, since, become doubly a Favourite---and is perhaps the + youngest of _Pamela’s Converts_.} + +_The same [_del._ 5th] {incomparable} Writer has favour’d us with an +Objection, [_del._ 5th] {that is more material than any we have +mention’d;} which cannot be better stated nor answer’d, than in his own +[_del._ 8th] {beautiful} Words; viz._ + + An Objection is come into my Thoughts, which I should be glad the + Author would think proper to obviate in the Front of the Second + Edition. + + There are Mothers, or Grandmothers, in all Families of affluent + Fortune, who, tho’ they may have none of Lady _Davers_’s + _Insolence_, will be apt to feel one of her _Fears_,---that the + Example of a Gentleman so amiable as Mr. B--- may be follow’d, by + the _Jackies, their Sons_, with too blind and unreflecting a + Readiness. Nor does the Answer of that Gentleman to his Sister’s + Reproach come quite up to the Point they will rest on. For, tho’ + indeed it is true, all the World wou’d acquit the best Gentleman in + it, if he married _such_ a Waiting-maid as _Pamela_, yet, there is + an ill-discerning Partiality, in Passion, that will overthrow all + the Force of that Argument: because _every belov’d Maid will be + PAMELA_, in a Judgment obscur’d by her Influence. + + And, since the Ground of this Fear will _seem_ solid, I don’t know + how to be easy, till it is shewn (nor ought it to be left to the + Author’s Modesty) that they who consider his Design in that Light + will be found but short-sighted Observers. + + Request it of him then to suffer it to be told them, that not a + limited, but general, Excitement to Virtue was the first and great + End to his Story: And that this Excitement must have been deficient, + and very imperfectly offer’d, if he had not look’d quite _as low as + he cou’d_ for his Example: because if there had been any Degree or + Condition, more remote from the Prospect than that which he had + chosen to work on, that Degree might have seem’d out of Reach of the + Hope, which it was his generous Purpose to encourage.---And, so, he + was under an evident _Necessity_ to find such a Jewel in a + _Cottage_: and expos’d, too, as she was, to the severest Distresses + of Fortune, with Parents unable to support their own Lives, but from + the daily hard Product of _Labour_. + + Nor wou’d it have been sufficient to have plac’d her thus _low_ and + _distressful_, if he had not also suppos’d her a _Servant_: and that + too in some elegant Family; for if she had always remain’d a + Fellow-cottager with her Father, it must have carried an Air of + Romantick Improbability to account for her polite Education. + + If she had _wanted_ those Improvements, which she found means to + acquire in her _Service_, it wou’d have been very unlikely, that she + shou’d have succeeded so well; and had destroy’d _one_ great _Use_ + of the Story, to have allow’d such uncommon Felicity to the Effect + of mere _personal Beauty_.---And it had not been _judicious_ to have + represented her as educated in a superior Condition of Life with the + proper Accomplishments, before she became reduc’d by Misfortunes, + and so not a Servant, but rather an Orphan under hopeless + Distresses---because Opportunities which had made it no Wonder how + she came to be so winningly qualified, wou’d have lessen’d her Merit + in being so. And besides, where had then been the purpos’d + Excitement of Persons in PAMELA’s Condition of Life, by an Emulation + of her Sweetness, Humility, Modesty, Patience, and Industry, to + attain some faint Hope of arriving, in time, within View of _her_ + Happiness?----And what a delightful Reformation shou’d we see, in + all Families, where the Vanity of their _Maids_ took no Turn toward + Ambition to _please_, but by such innocent Measures, as PAMELA’s! + + As it is clear, then, the Author was under a Necessity to suppose + her a _Servant_, he is not to be accountable for mistaken + Impressions, which the Charms he has given her may happen to make, + on wrong Heads, or weak Hearts, tho’ in Favour of Maids the Reverse + of her Likeness. + + What is it then (they may say) that the Lowness, and Distance of + _Pamela’s_ Condition from the Gentleman’s who married her, proposes + to teach the _Gay World_, and the _Fortunate_?---_It is this_---By + Comparison with that infinite Remoteness of her Condition from the + Reward which her Virtue procur’d her, one great _Proof_ is deriv’d, + (which is Part of the _Moral_ of PAMELA) that Advantages from + _Birth_, and Distinction of _Fortune_, have no Power at all, when + consider’d against those from _Behaviour_, and Temper of _Mind_: + because where the _Last_ are _not added_, all the _First_ will be + boasted in vain. Whereas she who possesses the Last finds _no Want_ + of the First, in her Influence. + + In _that_ Light alone let the Ladies of _Rank_ look at + PAMELA.---Such an alarming Reflection as that will, at the same time + that it raises the Hope and Ambition of the _Humble_, correct and + mortify the Disdain of the _Proud_. For it will compel them to + observe, and acknowledge, that ’tis the Turn of their _Mind_, not + the Claims of their _Quality_, by which (and which only) Womens + Charms can be lasting: And that, while the _haughty Expectations_, + inseparable from an elevated Rank, serve but to multiply its + Complaints and Afflictions, the Condescensions of _accomplish’d + Humility_, attracting Pity, Affection, and Reverence, secure an + hourly Increase of Felicity.---So that the _moral Meaning_ of + PAMELA’s Good-fortune, far from tempting young Gentlemen to marry + _such_ Maids as are found in their Families, is, by teaching Maids + to _deserve to be Mistresses_, to stir up Mistresses _to support + their Distinction_. + +[_del._ 4th] + +{_We shall only add, That it was intended to prefix two neat +_Frontispieces_ to this Edition, (and to present them to the Purchasers +of the first) and one was actually finished for that Purpose; but there +not being Time for the other, from the Demand for the new Impression; +and the Engraving Part of that which was done (tho’ no Expence was +spared) having fallen very short of the Spirit of the Passages they were +intended to represent, the Proprietors were advised to lay them aside. +And were the rather induced to do so, from the following Observation of +a most ingenious Gentleman, in a Letter to the Editor._ “I am so +jealous, _says he,_ in Behalf of our _inward_ Idea of PAMELA’s _Person_, +that I dread _any_ figur’d Pretence to Resemblance. For it will be pity +to look at an _Air_, and imagine it _Hers_, that does not carry some +such elegant Perfection of Amiableness, as will be sure to find place in +the _Fancy_.”} + + + + +VERSES, sent to the Bookseller, for the Unknown Author [_del._ 8th] +{of the beautiful new Piece call’d} _PAMELA_. + + Blest be thy pow’rful Pen, whoe’er thou art, + Thou skill’d, great _Moulder_ of the master’d Heart! + Where hast thou lain conceal’d!---or why thought fit, + At this dire Period, to _unveil_ thy Wit? + O! late befriended Isle! had this broad Blaze, + With earlier Beamings, bless’d our _Fathers_ Days, + The Pilot Radiance, pointing out the Source, + Whence public Health derives its [5th: “moral”] {vital} Course, + Each timely Draught some healing Power had shown, + Ere gen’ral _Gangrene_ blacken’d, to the _Bone_. + But, fest’ring now, beyond all Sense of Pain, + ’Tis hopeless: and the Helper’s Hand is _vain_. + Sweet _Pamela_! forever-blooming Maid! + Thou dear, unliving, yet immortal, Shade! + Why are thy Virtues scatter’d to the Wind? + Why are thy Beauties flash’d upon the Blind? + What, tho’ thy flutt’ring Sex might learn, from thee, + That _Merit_ forms a Rank, above _Degree_? + That Pride, too conscious, falls, from ev’ry _Claim_, + While humble Sweetness climbs, beyond its _Aim_? + What, tho’ Religion, smiling from thy Eyes, + Shews her _plain_ Power, and charms without _Disguise_? + What, tho’ thy warmly-pleasing moral Scheme + Gives livelier Rapture, than the Loose can _dream_? + What, tho’ thou build’st, by thy persuasive Life, + Maid, Child, Friend, Mistress, Mother, Neighbour, Wife? + Tho’ Taste like thine each Void of Time, can fill, + Unsunk by Spleen, unquicken’d by Quadrille! + What, tho’ ’tis thine to bless the lengthen’d Hour! + Give _Permanence_ to Joy, and _Use_ to Pow’r? + Lend late-felt Blushes to the _Vain_ and _Smart_? + And squeeze cramp’d Pity from the _Miser_’s Heart? + What, tho’ ’tis thine to hush the Marriage Breeze, + Teach Liberty to _tire_, and Chains to _please_? + Thine tho’, from Stiffness to divest Restraint, + And, to the Charmer, reconcile the _Saint_? + Tho’ Smiles and Tears obey thy moving Skill, + And Passion’s ruffled Empire waits thy Will? + Tho’ thine the fansy’d Fields of flow’ry Wit, + Thine, Art’s whole Pow’r, in Nature’s Language writ! + Thine, to convey strong Thought, with modest Ease, + And, copying _Converse_, teach its _Style_ to please? + Tho’ thine each Virtue, that a _God_ cou’d lend? + Thine, ev’ry Help, that ev’ry Heart, can mend? + ’Tis Thine _in vain_!----Thou wak’st a _dying_ Land; + And lift’st _departed Hope_, with fruitless Hand: + Death has NO CURE. Thou hast _mis-tim’d_ thy Aim; + _Rome_ had her GOTHS: and all, beyond, was _Shame_. + + + * * * * * + * * * * + * * * * * + + +William Andrews Clark Memorial Library: University of California + +THE AUGUSTAN REPRINT SOCIETY + +_General Editors_ + + R. C. BOYS + University of Michigan + + RALPH COHEN + University of California, Los Angeles + + VINTON A. DEARING + University of California, Los Angeles + + LAWRENCE CLARK POWELL + Wm. Andrews Clark Memorial Library + + _Corresponding Secretary_: Mrs. EDNA C. DAVIS, + Wm. Andrews Clark Memorial Library + +The Society exists to make available inexpensive reprints (usually +facsimile reproductions) of rare seventeenth and eighteenth century +works. The editorial policy of the Society remains unchanged. As in +the past, the editors welcome suggestions concerning publications. All +income of the Society is devoted to defraying cost of publication and +mailing. + +All correspondence concerning subscriptions in the United States and +Canada should be addressed to the William Andrews Clark Memorial +Library, 2205 West Adams Boulevard, Los Angeles 18, California. +Correspondence concerning editorial matters may be addressed to any of +the general editors. The membership fee is $3.00 a year for subscribers +in the United States and Canada and 15/- for subscribers in Great +Britain and Europe. British and European subscribers should address +B. H. Blackwell, Broad Street, Oxford, England. + + +Publications for the eighth year [1953-1954] + + [The notation [*] means that the title was apparently never + published. The Sarbiewski volume is currently in preparation for + Project Gutenberg. The song collection was published with the title + “...Songbooks”.] + +(At least six items, most of them from the following list, will be +reprinted.) + +JOHN BAILLIE: _An Essay on the Sublime_ (1747). Introduction by + Samuel H. Monk. + +Contemporaries of the _Tatler_ and _Spectator_. Introduction by + Richmond P. Bond. + +_John Dart and George Ogle on Chaucer._ Introduction by William L. + Alderson. [*] + +JOHN T. DESAGULIERS: _The Newtonian System of the World the Best Model + of Government_ (1728). Introduction by Marjorie H. Nicolson. [*] + +_Sale Catalogue of Mrs. Piozzi’s Effects_ (1816). Introduction by + John Butt. [*] + +M. C. SARBIEWSKI: _The Odes of Casimire_ (1646). Introduction by + Maren-Sofie Rœstvig. + +_Selections from Seventeenth-Century Songs._ Introduction by + Jennifer W. Angel. + +_A Sermon Preached at the Cathedral Church of St. Paul_ (1745). + [Probably by Samuel Johnson]. Introduction by James L. Clifford. [*] + + +Publications for the first seven years (with the exception of Nos. 1-6, +which are out of print) are available at the rate of $3.00 a year. +Prices for individual numbers may be obtained by writing to the Society. + + THE AUGUSTAN REPRINT SOCIETY + _WILLIAM ANDREWS CLARK MEMORIAL LIBRARY_ + 2205 West Adams Boulevard, Los Angeles 18, California + +Make check or money order payable to THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF +CALIFORNIA. + + + + +PUBLICATIONS OF THE AUGUSTAN REPRINT SOCIETY + + [Where available, Project Gutenberg e-text numbers are shown in + brackets.] + + +FIRST YEAR (1946-1947) + +Numbers 1-6 out of print. + + [Titles: + 1. Richard Blackmore’s _Essay upon Wit_ (1716), and Addison’s + _Freeholder_ No. 45 (1716). [13484] + 2. Anon., _Essay on Wit_ (1748), together with Characters by + Flecknoe, and Joseph Warton’s _Adventurer_ Nos. 127 and 133. + [14973] + 3. Anon., _Letter to A. H. Esq.; concerning the Stage_ (1698), and + Richard Willis’ _Occasional Paper_ No. IX (1698). [14047] + 4. Samuel Cobb’s _Of Poetry_ and _Discourse on Criticism_ (1707). + [14528] + 5. Samuel Wesley’s _Epistle to a Friend Concerning Poetry_ (1700) + and _Essay on Heroic Poetry_ (1693). [16506] + 6. Anon., _Representation of the Impiety and Immorality of the Stage_ + (1704) and anon., _Some Thoughts Concerning the Stage_ (1704). + [15656] ] + + +SECOND YEAR (1947-1948) + +7. John Gay’s _The Present State of Wit_ (1711); and a section on Wit + from _The English Theophrastus_ (1702). [14800] + +8. Rapin’s _De Carmine Pastorali_, translated by Creech (1684). [14495] + +9. T. Hanmer’s (?) _Some Remarks on the Tragedy of Hamlet_ (1736). + [14899] + +10. Corbyn Morris’ _Essay towards Fixing the True Standards of Wit, + etc._ (1744). [16233] + +11. Thomas Purney’s _Discourse on the Pastoral_ (1717). [15313] + +12. Essays on the Stage, selected, with an Introduction by Joseph Wood + Krutch. [16335] + + +THIRD YEAR (1948-1949) + +13. Sir John Falstaff (pseud.), _The Theatre_ (1720). [15999] + +14. Edward Moore’s _The Gamester_ (1753). [16267] + +15. John Oldmixon’s _Reflections on Dr. Swift’s Letter to Harley_ + (1712); and Arthur Mainwaring’s _The British Academy_ (1712). + [In preparation] + +16. Nevil Payne’s _Fatal Jealousy_ (1673). [16916] + +17. Nicholas Rowe’s _Some Account of the Life of Mr. William + Shakespeare_ (1709). [16275] + +18. “Of Genius,” in _The Occasional Paper_, Vol. III, No. 10 (1719); + and Aaron Hill’s Preface to _The Creation_ (1720). [15870] + + +FOURTH YEAR (1949-1950) + +19. Susanna Centlivre’s _The Busie Body_ (1709). [16740] + +20. Lewis Theobold’s _Preface to The Works of Shakespeare_ (1734). + [16346] + +21. _Critical Remarks on Sir Charles Grandison, Clarissa, and Pamela_ + (1754). + +22. Samuel Johnson’s _The Vanity of Human Wishes_ (1749) and Two + _Rambler_ papers (1750). [13350] + +23. John Dryden’s _His Majesties Declaration Defended_ (1681). [15074] + +24. Pierre Nicole’s _An Essay on True and Apparent Beauty in Which from + Settled Principles is Rendered the Grounds for Choosing and Rejecting + Epigrams_, translated by J. V. Cunningham. + + +FIFTH YEAR (1950-1951) + +25. Thomas Baker’s _The Fine Lady’s Airs_ (1709). [14467] + +26. Charles Macklin’s _The Man of the World_ (1792). [14463] + +27. Frances Reynolds’ _An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Taste, + and of the Origin of Our Ideas of Beauty, etc._ (1785). [13485] + +28. John Evelyn’s _An Apologie for the Royal Party_ (1659); and + _A Panegyric to Charles the Second_ (1661). [17833] + +29. Daniel Defoe’s _A Vindication of the Press_ (1718). [14084] + +30. Essays on Taste from John Gilbert Cooper’s _Letters Concerning + Taste_, 3rd edition (1757), & John Armstrong’s _Miscellanies_ (1770). + [13464] + + +SIXTH YEAR (1951-1952) + +31. Thomas Gray’s _An Elegy Wrote in a Country Church Yard_ (1751); + and _The Eton College Manuscript_. [15409] + +32. Prefaces to Fiction; Georges de Scudéry’s Preface to _Ibrahim_ + (1674), etc. [14525] + +33. Henry Gally’s _A Critical Essay_ on Characteristic-Writings (1725). + [16299] + +34. Thomas Tyers’ A Biographical Sketch of Dr. Samuel Johnson (1785). + +35. James Boswell, Andrew Erskine, and George Dempster. _Critical + Strictures on the New Tragedy of Elvira, Written by Mr. David Malloch_ + (1763). [15857] + +36. Joseph Harris’s _The City Bride_ (1696). [22974] + + +SEVENTH YEAR (1952-1953) + +37. Thomas Morrison’s _A Pindarick Ode on Painting_ (1767). [In + preparation] + +38. John Phillips’ _A Satyr Against Hypocrites_ (1655). + +39. Thomas Warton’s _A History of English Poetry_. + +40. Edward Bysshe’s _The Art of English Poetry_ (1708). + +41. Bernard Mandeville’s “_A Letter to Dion_” (1732). + +42. Prefaces to Four Seventeenth-Century Romances. + + * * * * * + * * * * + +Errata (noted by transcriber): + + deserves not only Acknowlegdment, but ... + [_text unchanged: error for “Acknowledgment”?_] + ... for the Unknown Author [_del._ 8th] {of the beautiful new Piece + call’d} _PAMELA_ + [_text unchanged, but “of” probably belongs outside the hand-drawn + brackets_] + Maren-Sofie Rœstvig + [_spelling shown as printed, but correct form is “Røstvig” + (o-slash, 28th letter of Norwegian alphabet)_] + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Samuel Richardson's Introduction to +Pamela, by Samuel Richardson + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK INTRODUCTION TO PAMELA *** + +***** This file should be named 24860-0.txt or 24860-0.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/2/4/8/6/24860/ + +Produced by Louise Hope, David Starner, Chris Curnow and +the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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