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diff --git a/24714.txt b/24714.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1c14ea0 --- /dev/null +++ b/24714.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2864 @@ +The Project Gutenberg eBook, Fairy Tales from Brazil, by Elsie Spicer +Eells, Illustrated by Helen M. Barton + + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + + + + +Title: Fairy Tales from Brazil + How and Why Tales from Brazilian Folk-Lore + + +Author: Elsie Spicer Eells + + + +Release Date: February 28, 2008 [eBook #24714] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-646-US (US-ASCII) + + +***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FAIRY TALES FROM BRAZIL*** + + +E-text prepared by Sankar Viswanathan, Chris Curnow, Joseph Cooper, and +the Project Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team +(https://www.pgdp.net) + + + +Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this + file which includes the original illustrations. + See 24714-h.htm or 24714-h.zip: + (https://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/2/4/7/1/24714/24714-h/24714-h.htm) + or + (https://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/2/4/7/1/24714/24714-h.zip) + + + + + +FAIRY TALES FROM BRAZIL + +How and Why Tales from Brazilian Folk-Lore + +by + +ELSIE SPICER EELLS + +With Illustrations by Helen M. Barton + + + + + + + +This special edition is published by arrangement with the +publisher of the regular edition, Dodd, Mead & Company. + +Cadmus Books +E. M. Hale and Company +Chicago + +Copyright, 1917, +by Dodd, Mead and Company, Inc. + + + + + +ACKNOWLEDGMENT + + +Thanks are due to the publishers of _Little Folks_, +_Kindergarten-Primary Magazine_, _Everyland_, _Mayflower and Story +Tellers' Magazine_ for the privilege of reprinting stories which they +have published. + +ELSIE SPICER EELLS + + * * * * * + + + + +PREFACE + + +It is late afternoon in my Brazilian garden. The dazzling blue of sea +and sky which characterises a tropical noonday has become subdued and +already roseate tints are beginning to prepare the glory of the sunset +hour. A lizard crawls lazily up the whitewashed wall. The song of the +_sabia_, that wonderful Brazilian thrush, sounds from the royal palm +tree. The air is heavy with the perfume of the orange blossom. There +is no long twilight in the tropics. Night will leap down suddenly upon +my Brazilian garden from out of the glory of the sunset sky. + +Theresa, the _ama_, stands before us on the terrace under the mango +trees, and we, her _yayazinhas_ and _yoyozinhos_, know that the story +hour has come. Theresa, daughter of the mud huts under the palm trees, +_ama_ in the _sobrado_ of the foreign _senhora_, is a royal queen of +story land. For her the beasts break silence and talk like humans. For +her all the magic wonders of her tales stand forth as living truth. +Her lithe body sways backwards and forwards to the rhythm of her words +as she unfolds her tales to us. She is a picture to remember as she +stands under the mango trees on our terrace. Her spotless white +"_camiza_" is decorated with beautiful pillow lace, her own handiwork. +Her skirt of stiffly starched cotton is red and purple in colour. A +crimson flowered folded shawl hangs over her right shoulder and great +strings of beads ornament the ebony of her neck and arms. To sit at +the feet of Theresa, the _ama_, is to enter the gate of story land. + + + + +CONTENTS + + + PREFACE + +I. HOW NIGHT CAME + +II. HOW THE RABBIT LOST HIS TAIL + +III. HOW THE TOAD GOT HIS BRUISES + +IV. HOW THE TIGER GOT HIS STRIPES + +V. WHY THE LAMB IS MEEK + +VI. WHY THE TIGER AND THE STAG FEAR EACH OTHER + +VII. HOW THE SPECKLED HEN GOT HER SPECKLES + +VIII. HOW THE MONKEY BECAME A TRICKSTER + +IX. HOW THE MONKEY AND THE GOAT EARNED THEIR REPUTATIONS + +X. HOW THE MONKEY GOT A DRINK WHEN HE WAS THIRSTY + +XI. HOW THE MONKEY GOT FOOD WHEN HE WAS HUNGRY + +XII. WHY THE BANANAS BELONG TO THE MONKEY + +XIII. HOW THE MONKEY ESCAPED BEING EATEN + +XIV. WHY THE MONKEY STILL HAS A TAIL + +XV. HOW BLACK BECAME WHITE + +XVI. HOW THE PIGEON BECAME A TAME BIRD + +XVII. WHY THE SEA MOANS + +XVIII. HOW THE BRAZILIAN BEETLES GOT THEIR GORGEOUS COATS + + + + +I + +How Night Came + + +Years and years ago at the very beginning of time, when the world had +just been made, there was no night. It was day all the time. No one +had ever heard of sunrise or sunset, starlight or moonbeams. There +were no night birds, nor night beasts, nor night flowers. There were +no lengthening shadows, nor soft night air, heavy with perfume. + +In those days the daughter of the GREAT SEA SERPENT, who dwelt in the +depths of the seas, married one of the sons of the great earth race +known as MAN. She left her home among the shades of the deep seas and +came to dwell with her husband in the land of daylight. Her eyes grew +weary of the bright sunlight and her beauty faded. Her husband watched +her with sad eyes, but he did not know what to do to help her. + +"O, if night would only come," she moaned as she tossed about wearily +on her couch. "Here it is always day, but in my father's kingdom there +are many shadows. O, for a little of the darkness of night!" + +Her husband listened to her moanings. "What is night?" he asked her. +"Tell me about it and perhaps I can get a little of it for you." + +"Night," said the daughter of the GREAT SEA SERPENT, "is the name we +give to the heavy shadows which darken my father's kingdom in the +depths of the seas. I love the sunlight of your earth land, but I grow +very weary of it. If we could have only a little of the darkness of my +father's kingdom to rest our eyes part of the time." + +Her husband at once called his three most faithful slaves. "I am about +to send you on a journey," he told them. "You are to go to the kingdom +of the GREAT SEA SERPENT who dwells in the depths of the seas and ask +him to give you some of the darkness of night that his daughter may +not die here amid the sunlight of our earth land." + +The three slaves set forth for the kingdom of the GREAT SEA SERPENT. +After a long dangerous journey they arrived at his home in the depths +of the seas and asked him to give them some of the shadows of night +to carry back to the earth land. The GREAT SEA SERPENT gave them a big +bag full at once. It was securely fastened and the GREAT SEA SERPENT +warned them not to open it until they were once more in the presence +of his daughter, their mistress. + +The three slaves started out, bearing the big bag full of night upon +their heads. Soon they heard strange sounds within the bag. It was the +sound of the voices of all the night beasts, all the night birds, and +all the night insects. If you have ever heard the night chorus from +the jungles on the banks of the rivers you will know how it sounded. +The three slaves had never heard sounds like those in all their lives. +They were terribly frightened. + +"Let us drop the bag full of night right here where we are and run +away as fast as we can," said the first slave. + +"We shall perish. We shall perish, anyway, whatever we do," cried the +second slave. + +"Whether we perish or not I am going to open the bag and see what +makes all those terrible sounds," said the third slave. + +Accordingly they laid the bag on the ground and opened it. Out rushed +all the night beasts and all the night birds and all the night insects +and out rushed the great black cloud of night. The slaves were more +frightened than ever at the darkness and escaped to the jungle. + +The daughter of the GREAT SEA SERPENT was waiting anxiously for the +return of the slaves with the bag full of night. Ever since they had +started out on their journey she had looked for their return, shading +her eyes with her hand and gazing away off at the horizon, hoping with +all her heart that they would hasten to bring the night. In that +position she was standing under a royal palm tree, when the three +slaves opened the bag and let night escape. "Night comes. Night comes +at last," she cried, as she saw the clouds of night upon the horizon. +Then she closed her eyes and went to sleep there under the royal palm +tree. + +When she awoke she felt greatly refreshed. She was once more the happy +princess who had left her father's kingdom in the depths of the great +seas to come to the earth land. She was now ready to see the day +again. She looked up at the bright star shining above the royal palm +tree and said, "O, bright beautiful star, henceforth you shall be +called the morning star and you shall herald the approach of day. You +shall reign queen of the sky at this hour." + +Then she called all the birds about her and said to them, "O, +wonderful, sweet singing birds, henceforth I command you to sing your +sweetest songs at this hour to herald the approach of day." The cock +was standing by her side. "You," she said to him, "shall be appointed +the watchman of the night. Your voice shall mark the watches of the +night and shall warn the others that the _madrugada_ comes." To this +very day in Brazil we call the early morning the _madrugada_. The cock +announces its approach to the waiting birds. The birds sing their +sweetest songs at that hour and the morning star reigns in the sky as +queen of the _madrugada_. + +When it was daylight again the three slaves crept home through the +forests and jungles with their empty bag. + +"O, faithless slaves," said their master, "why did you not obey the +voice of the GREAT SEA SERPENT and open the bag only in the presence +of his daughter, your mistress? Because of your disobedience I shall +change you into monkeys. Henceforth you shall live in the trees. Your +lips shall always bear the mark of the sealing wax which sealed the +bag full of night." + +To this very day one sees the mark upon the monkeys' lips, where they +bit off the wax which sealed the bag; and in Brazil night leaps out +quickly upon the earth just as it leapt quickly out of the bag in +those days at the beginning of time. And all the night beasts and +night birds and night insects give a sunset chorus in the jungles at +nightfall. + + + + +II + +How the Rabbit Lost His Tail + + +Once upon a time, ages and ages ago, the rabbit had a long tail, but +the cat had none. She looked with envious eyes at the one which the +rabbit had. It was exactly the sort of a tail she longed to have. + +The rabbit was always a thoughtless careless little beast. One day he +went to sleep with his beautiful long tail hanging straight out behind +him. Along came Mistress Puss carrying a sharp knife, and with one +blow she cut off Mr. Rabbit's tail. Mistress Puss was very spry and +she had the tail nearly sewed on to her own body before Mr. Rabbit +saw what she was doing. + +"Don't you think it looks better on me than it did on you?" asked +Mistress Puss. + +"It surely is very becoming to you," replied the generous unselfish +rabbit. "It was a little too long for me anyway and I'll tell you what +I'll do. I'll let you keep it if you will give me that sharp knife in +exchange for it." + +The cat gave Mr. Rabbit the knife and he started out into the deep +forest with it. "I've lost my tail but I've gained a knife," said he; +"I'll get a new tail or something else just as good." + +Mr. Rabbit hopped along through the forest for a long time and at last +he came to a little old man who was busily engaged in making baskets. +He was making the baskets out of rushes and he was biting them off +with his teeth. He looked up and spied Mr. Rabbit with the knife in +his mouth. + +"O, please, Mr. Rabbit," said he, "will you not be so kind as to let +me borrow that sharp knife you are carrying? It is very hard work to +bite the rushes off with my teeth." + +Mr. Rabbit let him take the knife. He started to cut off the rushes +with it, when _snap_ went the knife! It broke into halves. + +"O, dear! O, dear!" cried Mr. Rabbit. "What shall I do! What shall I +do! You have broken my nice new knife." + +The little old man said that he was very sorry and that he did not +mean to do it. + +Then Mr. Rabbit said, "A broken knife is of no use to me but perhaps +you can use it, even if it is broken. I'll tell you what I'll do. +I'll let you keep the knife if you will give me one of your baskets in +exchange for it." + +The little old man gave Mr. Rabbit a basket and he started on through +the deep forest with it. "I lost my tail but I gained a knife. I've +lost my knife but I've gained a basket," said he. "I'll get a new tail +or something else just as good." + +Mr. Rabbit hopped along through the deep forest for a long time until +at last he came to a clearing. Here there was an old woman busily +engaged in picking lettuce. When she had gathered it she put it into +her apron. She looked up and spied Mr. Rabbit hopping along with his +basket. + +"O, please, Mr. Rabbit," said she, "will you not be so kind as to let +me borrow that nice basket you are carrying?" + +Mr. Rabbit let her take the basket. She began to put her lettuce into +it when out fell the bottom of the basket. + +"O, dear! O, dear!" cried Mr. Rabbit. "What shall I do! What shall I +do! You have broken the bottom out of my nice new basket." + +The old woman said that she was very sorry and that she did not mean +to do it. + +Then said Mr. Rabbit, "I'll tell you what I'll do. I'll let you keep +that broken basket if you will give me some of your lettuce." + +The old woman gave Mr. Rabbit some lettuce and he hopped along with +it, saying, "I lost my tail but I gained a knife. I lost my knife but +I gained a basket. I lost my basket but I gained some lettuce." + +The rabbit was getting very hungry and how nice the lettuce smelled! +He took a bite. It was just the very best thing he had ever tasted in +all his life. "I don't care if I did lose my tail," said he, "I've +found something I like very much better." + +From that day to this no rabbit has ever had a tail. Neither has there +ever been a rabbit who cared because he had no tail. From that time to +this there has never been a rabbit who did not like lettuce to eat and +who was not perfectly happy and contented if there was plenty of it. + + + + +III + +How the Toad Got His Bruises + + +Once upon a time, ages and ages ago, the toad had a smooth skin. In +those days he was a great gad about. He never could be found in his +own house. If any one had a party he was sure to go, no matter how far +away from home it was held, or how long it took to get there. + +One day the toad received an invitation to attend a party in the sky. +"You never can get to this party," said his friend, the armadillo. +"You know how slowly you travel here upon earth." + +"Wait and see whether or not I go to the party," said the toad. + +Not far from the toad's house there lived a big black buzzard. No one +liked the buzzard. He was very unpopular with all the birds and +beasts. The toad hopped over to the buzzard's house. The buzzard was +outside the door making music on his violin. + +"Good morning, Friend Buzzard," said the toad. "Are you going to +attend the party in the sky?" + +The buzzard replied that he was planning to go. + +"That is good," said the toad. "May I have the pleasure of your +company for the trip?" + +The buzzard was delighted to have the toad seek his company. It was a +new experience. + +"I'll be charmed to go to the party with you," replied the buzzard. +"What time shall we start?" + +"We'll start at four o'clock," said the toad. "Come to my house and +we'll go on from there. Be sure to bring your violin with you." + +Promptly at four o'clock the buzzard arrived at the toad's house. He +had his violin with him, of course, because the toad had asked him to +bring it. + +"I'm not quite ready to go," the toad called out. "Just leave your +violin there by the door and step inside. It will take me only a +minute to finish my toilet." + +The buzzard laid his violin carefully outside the door and went inside +the toad's house. The toad jumped through the window and hid himself +inside the violin. + +The buzzard waited and waited for the toad to get ready but he did not +hear a word from the toad. Finally he got tired of waiting. He picked +up his violin and started. + +When he arrived at the party he was a trifle late but he explained how +he had waited for the toad. + +"How foolish to wait a minute for the toad," said his hosts. "How +could the toad ever get to a party in the sky? We just asked him as a +joke because he is such a great gad about. Lay down your violin and +come to the feast." + +The buzzard laid down his violin. As soon as there was no one looking, +out hopped the toad. He was laughing from ear to ear. "So they +thought I would not come to the party! What a joke! How surprised they +will be to see me here!" he said. + +There was nobody at the feast who was as gay as the toad. When the +buzzard asked how he arrived he said: "I'll tell you some other day." +Then he went on eating and dancing. + +The buzzard did not have a very good time at the party. He decided +that he would go home early. He went away without saying good-bye to +his hosts and without taking his violin with him. + +At the end of the party the toad hopped inside the violin and waited +and waited for the buzzard to take him home. Nobody picked up the +violin and the toad began to be very much worried. He almost wished +he had not come. + +After a while the falcon noticed the violin. "That violin belongs to +the buzzard. He must have forgotten to take it home. I'll carry it +back for him," he said. + +The falcon flew towards earth with the violin. The toad shook about +terribly inside of the violin. He got very tired. The falcon got +tired, too. + +"I'm not going to carry this heavy old violin of the buzzard's another +minute," said the falcon. "I was foolish to offer to carry it in the +first place. The buzzard is no friend of mine." + +He let the violin fall. Down, down toward earth it fell. + +"O, little stones, O, little stones, get out of my way," called the +toad as he fell. The little stones had deaf ears. They did not get +out of the way. + +When the toad crawled out of the wrecked violin he was so covered with +bruises that he could hardly hop home. + +The buzzard never knew what became of his violin or why the toad had +lost his good looks. To this very day the toad shows his bruises. And +he is entirely cured of being a gad about. + + + + +IV + +How the Tiger Got His Stripes + + +Once upon a time, ages and ages ago, so long ago that the tiger had no +stripes upon his back and the rabbit still had his tail, there was a +tiger who had a farm. The farm was very much overgrown with underbrush +and the owner sought a workman to clear the ground for him to plant. + +The tiger called all the beasts together and said to them when they +had assembled, "I need a good workman at once to clear my farm of the +underbrush. To the one of you who will do this work I offer an ox in +payment." + +The monkey was the first one to step forward and apply for the +position. The tiger tried him for a little while but he was not a good +workman at all. He did not work steadily enough to accomplish +anything. The tiger discharged him very soon and he did not pay him. + +Then the tiger hired the goat to do the work. The goat worked +faithfully enough but he did not have the brains to do the work well. +He would clear a little of the farm in one place and then he would go +away and work on another part of it. He never finished anything +neatly. The tiger discharged him very soon without paying him. + +Next the tiger tried the armadillo. The armadillo was very strong and +he did the work well. The trouble with him was that he had such an +appetite. There were a great many ants about the place and the +armadillo could never pass by a sweet tender juicy ant without +stopping to eat it. It was lunch time all day long with him. The tiger +discharged him and sent him away without paying him anything. + +At last the rabbit applied for the position. The tiger laughed at him +and said, "Why, little rabbit, you are too small to do the work. The +monkey, the goat, and the armadillo have all failed to give +satisfaction. Of course a little beast like you will fail too." + +However, there were no other beasts who applied for the position so +the tiger sent for the rabbit and told him that he would try him for a +little while. + +The rabbit worked faithfully and well, and soon he had cleared a +large portion of the ground. The next day he worked just as well. The +tiger thought that he had been very lucky to hire the rabbit. He got +tired staying around to watch the rabbit work. The rabbit seemed to +know just how to do the work anyway, without orders, so the tiger +decided to go away on a hunting trip. He left his son to watch the +rabbit. + +After the tiger had gone away the rabbit said to the tiger's son, "The +ox which your father is going to give me is marked with a white spot +on his left ear and another on his right side, isn't he?" + +"O, no," replied the tiger's son. "He is red all over with just a tiny +white spot on his right ear." + +The rabbit worked for a while longer and then he said, "The ox which +your father is going to give me is kept by the river, isn't he?" + +"Yes," replied the tiger's son. + +The rabbit had made a plan to go and get the ox without waiting to +finish his work. Just as he started off he saw the tiger returning. +The tiger noticed that the rabbit had not worked so well when he was +away. After that he stayed and watched the rabbit until the whole farm +was cleared. Then the tiger gave the rabbit the ox as he had promised. + +"You must kill this ox," he said to the rabbit, "in a place where +there are neither flies nor mosquitoes." + +The rabbit went away with the ox. After he had gone for some distance +he thought he would kill him. He heard a cock, however, crowing in +the distance and he knew that there must be a farm yard near. There +would be flies of course. He went on farther and again he thought that +he would kill the ox. The ground looked moist and damp and so did the +leaves on the bushes. Since the rabbit thought there would be +mosquitoes there he decided not to kill the ox. He went on and on and +finally he came to a high place where there was a strong breeze +blowing. "There are no mosquitoes here," he said to himself. "The +place is so far removed from any habitation that there are no flies, +either." He decided to kill the ox. + +Just as he was ready to eat the ox, along came the tiger. "O, rabbit, +you have been such a good friend of mine," said the tiger, "and now I +am so very, very hungry that all my ribs show, as you yourself can +see. Will you not be a good kind rabbit and give me a piece of your +ox?" + +The rabbit gave the tiger a piece of the ox. The tiger devoured it in +the twinkling of an eye. Then he leaned back and said, "Is that all +you are going to give me to eat?" + +The tiger looked so big and savage that the rabbit did not dare refuse +to give him any more of the ox. The tiger ate and ate and ate until he +had devoured that entire ox. The rabbit had been able to get only a +tiny morsel of it. He was very, very angry at the tiger. + +One day not long after the rabbit went to a place not far from the +tiger's house and began cutting down big staves of wood. The tiger +soon happened along and asked him what he was doing. + +"I'm getting ready to build a stockade around myself," replied the +rabbit. "Haven't you heard the orders?" The tiger said that he hadn't +heard any orders. + +"That is very strange," said the rabbit. "The order has gone forth +that every beast shall fortify himself by building a stockade around +himself. All the beasts are doing it." + +The tiger became very much alarmed. "O, dear! O, dear! What shall I +do," he cried. "I don't know how to build a stockade. I never could do +it in the world. O, good rabbit! O, kind rabbit! You are such, a very +good friend of mine. Couldn't you, as a great favour, because of our +long friendship, build a stockade about me before you build one +around yourself?" + +The rabbit replied that he could not think of risking his own life by +building the tiger's fortifications first. Finally, however, he +consented to do it. + +The rabbit cut down great quantities of long sharp sticks. He set them +firmly in the ground about the tiger. He fastened others securely over +the top until the tiger was completely shut in by strong bars. Then he +went away and left the tiger. + +The tiger waited and waited for something to happen to show him the +need of the fortifications. Nothing at all happened. + +He got very hungry and thirsty. After a while the monkey passed that +way. + +The tiger called out, "O, monkey, has the danger passed?" + +The monkey did not know what danger the tiger meant, but he replied, +"Yes." + +Then the tiger said, "O, monkey, O, good, kind monkey, will you not +please be so kind as to help me out of my stockade?" + +"Let the one who got you in there help you out," replied the monkey +and he went on his way. + +Along came the goat and the tiger called out, "O, goat, has the danger +passed?" + +The goat did not know anything about any danger, but he replied, +"Yes." + +Then the tiger said, "O, goat, O, good kind goat, please be so kind as +to help me out of my stockade." + +"Let the one who got you in there help you out," replied the goat as +he went on his way. + +Along came the armadillo and the tiger called out, "O, armadillo, has +the danger passed?" + +The armadillo had not heard of any danger, but he replied that it had +passed. + +Then the tiger said, "O, armadillo, O, good, kind armadillo, you have +always been such a good friend and neighbour. Please help me now to +get out of my stockade." + +"Let the one who got you in there help you out," replied the armadillo +as he went on his way. + +The tiger jumped and jumped with all his force at the top of the +stockade, but he could not break through. He jumped and jumped with +all his might at the front side of the stockade, but he could not +break through. He thought that never in the world would he be able to +break out. He rested for a little while and as he rested he thought. +He thought how bright the sun was shining outside. He thought what +good hunting there was in the jungle. He thought how cool the water +was at the spring. Once more he jumped and jumped with all his might +at the back side of the stockade. At last he broke through. He did not +get through, however, without getting bad cuts on both his sides from +the sharp edges of the staves. Until this day the tiger has stripes on +both his sides. + + + + +V + +Why the Lamb Is Meek + + +Once upon a time there was a little lamb frisking gaily about the +pasture. The bright sunshine and the soft breezes made him very happy. +He had just finished a hearty meal and that made him happy too. He was +the very happiest little lamb in all the world and he thought that he +was the most wonderful little lamb. + +A big toad sat on the ground and watched him. After a while the toad +said: "O, little lamb, how are you feeling today?" + +The lamb replied that he had never felt better in all his life. + +"Even though you are feeling very strong I can pull you into the sea," +said the toad. + +The little lamb laughed and laughed until he rolled over on the +ground. + +"Just take hold of this rope and I'll show you how easy it is to pull +you into the sea," said the toad. + +The lamb took hold of the rope. Then the toad said, "Please wait a +minute while I get a good long distance away from you. I can pull +better when I'm not too near you." + +The lamb waited and the toad hopped down to the sea. He hopped up into +a tree which hung over the water's edge and from there he hopped on to +the whale's back. He fastened the end of the rope around the whale +and then he called out to the lamb: "All ready. Now we'll see how hard +you can pull." + +When the whale felt the lamb pulling at the rope he swam away from the +shore. No matter how hard the lamb pulled or how much force he exerted +it did not do one bit of good. He was dragged down to the water's edge +as easily as could be. + +"I give up," said the lamb as he reached the water's edge. + +After that, although the sunshine was just as bright as ever, any one +who watched that little lamb could see that he was a little more meek. + +One day not long afterwards the sunshine was again very bright and the +little lamb was again feeling frisky. He was so happy and gay that he +had forgotten all about how the toad had pulled him down to the water +until the toad spoke to him. Then he remembered. + +"O, little lamb, how are you feeling today?" asked the toad. The +little lamb replied that he was very well. + +"Let us run a race," said the toad, "I think I can beat you." + +"You may be strong enough to pull me into the sea," said the lamb, +"but surely I can run faster than you. I've watched you hopping about +my pasture. You can't run fast at all. However, I'll gladly run a race +with you to prove what I say." + +The toad set a goal and told the lamb to call out every little while +during the race so he could see how much farther ahead the lamb was. +Then the toad and the lamb started. + +The toad had assembled all his brothers and his sisters and his +cousins and his uncles and his aunts before the race and had stationed +them at various points along the path of the race. He had told them +that whenever any of them should hear the lamb calling out, "Laculay, +laculay, laculay," the toad which was nearest should answer, +"Gulugubango, bango lay." + +The lamb ran and ran as fast as he could. Then he remembered his +promise and called out, "Laculay, laculay, laculay." He expected to +hear the toad answer from a long, long distance behind him. He was +much surprised to hear some one near him answer, "Gulugubango, bango +lay." After that he ran faster than ever. + +After running on for some distance farther the lamb again called out, +"Laculay, laculay, laculay." Again he heard the answer at only a short +distance away, "Gulugubango, bango lay." He ran and ran until his +little heart was beating so fast that it seemed as if it would burst. +At last he arrived at the goal of the race which the toad had set and +there sat the toad's brother who looked so much like him that the lamb +couldn't tell them apart. The lamb went back to his pasture very +meekly and quietly. He acknowledged that he had been beaten in the +race. + +The next morning the toad said to him, "Even though you did not run +fast enough to win the race, still you are a very fast runner. I have +told the daughter of the king about you and I have said to her that +some day she shall see me riding on your back with a bridle in your +mouth as if you were my horse." + +The lamb was very angry. "Perhaps you are strong enough to pull me +into the sea, and perhaps you can beat me when we run a race," said +the lamb, "but never, never in the world will I be your horse." + +Time passed and the sunshine was very bright and the soft, gentle +breezes were very sweet. The lamb was so happy again that he forgot +all about how the toad had pulled him into the sea, and how the toad +had beaten him at running the race. He was very sorry for the toad +when he saw him all humped up in a disconsolate little heap one day. +"O, poor toad, are you sick?" he asked. "Isn't there something I can +do to help you?" + +The toad told him how very sick he was. "There is something you could +do to help me," he said, "but I don't believe that you are quite +strong enough or can travel quite fast enough." + +The lamb took a deep breath and blew out his chest. "I'll show you," +he said. "Just tell me what it is." + +The toad replied that he had promised to be at a party that afternoon +at the house of the king's daughter and he did not see how he could +possibly get there unless some one would carry him. + +"Jump on my back," said the lamb. "I'll carry you." + +The toad shook about on the lamb's back after they had started so that +it seemed as if he would surely fall off. After a little he said, "I +can not possibly stand riding like this. It jars all my sore spots. +I'll have to get off." He tried it a little while longer and shook +about worse than ever. Then he said, "Do you know, I think I could +endure this painful ride a little better if only I had something to +hold myself by? Do you mind if I take a piece of grass and put it in +your mouth? I can hold on to that when I shake about and my sore spots +will not hurt so much." + +The lamb let the toad put a piece of grass in his mouth. + +After a while the toad asked for a little stick. "The flies and +mosquitoes annoy me terribly," he said. "If only I had a little stick +I could wave it about over my head and frighten them away. It is very +bad for any one in my weak, nervous condition to be bothered by flies +and mosquitoes." The lamb let the toad have a little stick to wave +over his head. + +At last the lamb and the toad drew near to the palace of the king. The +king's daughter was leaning out of the window watching for them. The +toad dug his feet into the lamb's sides, pulled hard on the piece of +the grass in the lamb's mouth and waved the little stick about over +the lamb's head. "Go on, horse," he said and the king's daughter heard +him. She laughed and laughed, and when all the rest of the people in +the palace saw the toad arriving mounted on the lamb's back and +driving him like a horse they laughed too. The lamb went meekly home +to his pasture and from that day to this when one wishes to speak of +meekness one says "as meek as a lamb." + + + + +VI + +Why the Tiger and the Stag + +Fear Each Other + + +Once upon a time there was a large handsome stag with great branching +horns. One day he said to himself, "I am tired of having no home of my +own, and of just living anywhere. I shall build me a house." He +searched on every hill, in every valley, by every stream, and under +all the trees for a suitable place. At last he found one that was just +right. It was not too high, nor too low, not too near a stream and not +too far away from one, not under too thick trees and not away from the +trees out under the hot sun. "I am going to build my house here," he +said, and he began to clear a place for it at once. He worked all day +and did not go away until night. + +Now in that same country there lived a large handsome tiger, with +sharp, sharp teeth and bright, cruel eyes. One day the tiger said to +himself, "I am tired of having no home of my own,--of just living +around anywhere! I shall build me a house." Accordingly the tiger +searched for a place to build his house. He searched on every hill, in +every valley, by every stream, and under all the trees. At last he +found a place which was just right. It was not too high nor too low, +not too near a stream and not too far away from one, not under too +thick trees and yet not away from the trees out in the hot sun. The +tiger said to himself, "I am going to build my house here. The place +is all ready for me for there isn't very much underbrush here." He +began at once and finished clearing the place. Then it became daylight +and he went away. + +At daylight the stag came back to do more work on his new house. +"H'm," he said when he looked at the clearing. "Somebody is helping +me. The place is cleared and ready for me to build the foundation." + +He began to work at once and worked all day. At night when the +foundation was laid, he went away. + +At night the tiger came to work at his new house. "H'm," he said when +he looked at it. "Somebody is helping me. The foundations of my house +are all laid." He began to work at once and built the sides of the +house. He worked all night and went away at daybreak, leaving the +house with the sides completed. There was a big door and a funny +little window in the side. + +At daybreak the stag came back to work on his house. When he saw it he +rubbed his eyes for he thought that he must be dreaming. The sides of +the house were completed with a big door and a funny little window. +"Somebody must surely be helping me," he said to himself as he began +to work to put on the roof. He worked hard all day and when the sun +went down, there was a roof of dried grass on the house. "I can sleep +in my own house to-night," he said. He made his bed in the corner and +soon was sound asleep. + +At night the tiger came back to work on his new house. When he saw it +he rubbed his eyes for he thought that he must be dreaming. There was +a roof of dried grass on the house. + +"Somebody must surely be helping me," he said to himself as he entered +the door. The first thing he saw when he entered the door was the stag +sound asleep in his bed in the corner. "Who are you and what are you +doing in my house?" he said in his deepest voice. + +The stag woke up with a start. "Who are you and what are you doing in +my house?" said the stag in his deepest voice. + +"It is not your house. It is mine. I built it myself," said the +tiger. + +"It is my house," said the stag. "I built it myself." + +"I made the clearing for the house," said the tiger, "I built the +sides and made the door and window." + +"I started the clearing," said the stag. "I laid the foundations and +put on the roof of dried grass." + +The stag and the tiger quarrelled all night about whose house it was. +At daybreak they decided that they would live together there. + +The next night the tiger said to the stag, "I'm going hunting. Get the +water and have the wood ready for the fire. I shall be almost famished +when I return." + +The stag got the wood and water ready. After a while the tiger came +back. He brought home for dinner a great handsome stag. The stag had +no appetite at all and he didn't sleep a wink that night. + +The next day the stag said that he was going hunting. He told the +tiger to have the wood and water ready when he got back. The tiger got +the wood and water ready. By and by the stag came back bringing with +him the body of a great tiger. + +"I am nearly famished," said the stag. "Let's have dinner right away." +The tiger hadn't any appetite at all and he could not eat a mouthful. + +That night neither the tiger nor the stag could sleep a wink. The +tiger was afraid the stag would kill him if he shut his eyes for a +minute, and the stag was afraid the tiger would kill him if he slept +or even pretended to be asleep. Accordingly he kept wide awake too. + +Toward morning the stag got very cramped from keeping in one position +so long. He moved his head slightly. In doing this his horns struck +against the roof of the house. It made a terrible noise. The tiger +thought that the stag was about to spring upon him and kill him. He +made a leap for the door and ran out of it as fast as he could. He ran +and ran until he was far, far away from the house with the roof of +dried grass. + +The stag thought that the tiger was about to spring upon him and kill +him. He, too, made a leap for the door and ran and ran until he was +far, far away from the house with the roof of dried grass. The tiger +and the stag are still running away from each other until this very +day. + +The house with the roof of dried grass waited and waited there in the +place which was neither too high nor too low, too near the river nor +too far away, not under too thick trees nor out in the hot sun. It +waited and waited until it go so tired it fell down in a heap. + + + + +VII + +How the Speckled Hen Got + +Her Speckles + + +Once upon a time, ages and ages ago, there was a little white hen. One +day she was busily engaged in scratching the soil to find worms and +insects for her breakfast. As she worked she sang over and over again +her little crooning song, "Quirrichi, quirrichi, quirrichi." Suddenly +she noticed a tiny piece of paper lying on the ground. "Quirrichi, +quirrichi, what luck!" she said to herself. "This must be a letter. +One time when the king, the great ruler of our country, held his court +in the meadow close by, many people brought him letters and laid them +at his feet. Now I, too, even I, the little white hen, have a letter. +I am going to carry my letter to the king." + +The next morning the little white hen started bravely out on her long +journey. She carried the letter very carefully in her little brown +basket. It was a long distance to the royal palace where the king +lived. The little white hen had never been so far from home in all her +life. + +After a while she met a friendly fox. Foxes and little white hens are +not usually very good friends, you know, but this fox was a friend of +the little white hen. Once upon a time she had helped the fox to +escape from a trap and the fox had never forgotten her kindness to +him. + +"O, little white hen, where are you going?" asked the fox. + +"Quirrichi, quirrichi," replied the little white hen, "I am going to +the royal palace to carry a letter to the king." + +"Indeed, little white hen," said the fox, "I should like to go with +you. Give me your permission to accompany you on your journey." + +"I shall be glad to have you go with me," said the little white hen. +"It is a very long journey to the royal palace where the king lives. +Wouldn't you like me to carry you in my little brown basket?" + +The fox climbed into the little brown basket. After the little white +hen had gone on for some distance farther she met a river. Once upon a +time the little white hen had done the river a kindness. He had, with +great difficulty, thrown some ugly worms upon the bank and he was +afraid they would crawl back in again. The little white hen had eaten +them for him. Always after that the river had been her friend. + +"O, little white hen, where are you going?" the river called out as +soon as he saw her. + +"Quirrichi, quirrichi, I am going to the royal palace to carry a +letter to the king," replied the little white hen. + +"O, little white hen, may I go with you?" asked the river. + +The little white hen told the river that he might go with her and +asked him to ride in the little brown basket. So the river climbed +into the little brown basket. + +After the little white hen had journeyed along for a time she came to +a fire. Once upon a time, when the fire had been dying the little +white hen had brought some dried grass. The grass had given the fire +new life and always after that he had been the friend of the little +white hen. + +"O, little white hen, where are you going?" the fire asked. + +"Quirrichi, quirrichi, I am going to the royal palace to carry a +letter to the king," replied the little white hen. + +"O, little white hen, may I go with you?" asked the fire. "I have +never been to the royal palace and I have never had even a peep at the +king." + +The little white hen told the fire that he might go with her and asked +him to climb into the little brown basket. By this time the little +brown basket was so full, that, try as they might, they couldn't make +room for the fire. At last they thought of a plan. The fire changed +himself into ashes and then there was room for him to get into the +basket. + +The little white hen journeyed on and on, and finally she arrived at +the royal palace. + +"Who are you and what are you carrying in your little brown basket?" +asked the royal doorkeeper when he opened the door. + +"I am the little white hen and I am carrying a letter to the king," +replied the little white hen. She didn't say a word about the fox and +the river and the fire which she had in her little brown basket. She +was so frightened before the great royal doorkeeper of the palace that +she could hardly find her voice at all. + +The royal doorkeeper invited the little white hen to enter the palace +and he led her to the royal throne where the king was sitting. The +little white hen bowed very low before the king--so low, in fact, that +it mussed up all her feathers. + +"Who are you and what is your business?" asked the king in his big, +deep, kingly voice. + +"Quirrichi, quirrichi, I am the little white hen," replied the little +white hen in her low, frightened, little voice. "I have come to bring +my letter to your royal majesty." She handed the king the piece of +paper which had remained all this time at the bottom of the little +brown basket. There were marks of dirt upon it where the friendly +fox's feet had rested. It was damp where the river had lain. It had +tiny holes in it where the fire had sat after he had turned himself +into hot ashes. + +"What do you mean by bringing me this dirty piece of paper?" shouted +the king in his biggest, deepest, gruffest voice. "I am highly +offended. I always knew that hens were stupid little creatures but you +are quite the stupidest little hen I ever saw in all my life." + +"Here," and he turned to one of the attendants standing by the throne, +"take this stupid, little white hen and throw her out into the royal +poultry yard. I think we will have her for dinner to-morrow." + +The little white hen was roughly seized by the tallest royal attendant +and carried down the back stairs, through the back gate, out into the +royal poultry yard. She still clung to the little brown basket which +she had brought with her on her long journey to the royal palace and +through all the sad experiences she had met there. + +When the little white hen reached the royal poultry yard all the royal +fowls flew at her. Some plucked at her rumpled white feathers. Others +tried to pick out her eyes. One pulled off the cover of the little +brown basket. + +Out sprang the fox from the little brown basket and in the twinkling +of an eye he fell upon the fowls of the royal poultry yard. Not a +single fowl was left alive. + +There was such a great commotion that the king, the queen, the royal +attendants and all the royal servants of the palace came rushing out +to see what was the matter. The fox had already taken to his heels and +the little white hen lost no time in running away too. She did not, +however, forget to take her little brown basket with her. + +The royal household all ran after her in swift pursuit. They had +almost caught her when the river suddenly sprang out of the little +brown basket and flowed between the little white hen and her royal +pursuers. They couldn't get across without canoes. + +While they were getting the canoes and climbing into them the little +white hen had time to run a long way. She had almost reached a thick +forest where she could easily hide herself when the royal pursuers +again drew near. Then the fire which had changed itself into hot ashes +jumped out of the little brown basket. It immediately became dark, so +dark that the royal household could not even see each other's faces +and, of course, they could not see in which direction the little +white hen was running. There was nothing for them to do but to return +to the royal palace and live on beef and mutton. + +The fire which had turned itself into ashes sprang out of the little +brown basket so suddenly that it scattered ashes all over the little +white hen. From that day she was always speckled where the ashes fell +upon her. The chickens of the little white hen (who was now a little +speckled hen) were all speckled too. So were their chickens and their +chickens and their chickens' chickens, even down to this very day. +Whenever you see a speckled hen you may know that she is descended +from the little white hen who carried a letter to the king, and who, +in her adventures, became the first speckled hen. + + + + +VIII + +How the Monkey Became a + +Trickster + + +Once upon a time there was a beautiful garden in which grew all sorts +of fruits. Many beasts lived in the garden and they were permitted to +eat of the fruits whenever they wished. But they were asked to observe +one rule. They must make a low, polite bow to the fruit tree, call it +by its name, and say, "Please give me a taste of your fruit." They had +to be very careful to remember the tree's correct name and not to +forget to say "please." It was also very important that they should +remember not to be greedy. They must always leave plenty of fruit for +the other beasts who might pass that way, and plenty to adorn the tree +itself and to furnish seed so that other trees might grow. If they +wished to eat figs they had to say, "O, fig tree, O, fig tree, please +give me a taste of your fruit;" or, if they wished to eat oranges they +had to say, "O, orange tree, O, orange tree, please give me a taste of +your fruit." + +In one corner of the garden grew the most splendid tree of all. It was +tall and beautiful and the rosy-cheeked fruit upon its wide spreading +branches looked wonderfully tempting. No beast had ever tasted of that +fruit, for no beast could ever remember its name. + +In a tiny house near the edge of the garden dwelt a little old woman +who knew the names of all the fruit trees which grew in the garden. +The beasts often went to her and asked the name of the wonderful fruit +tree, but the tree was so far distant from the tiny house of the +little old woman that no beast could ever remember the long, hard name +by the time he reached the fruit tree. + +At last the monkey thought of a trick. Perhaps you do not know it, but +the monkey can play the guitar. He always played when the beasts +gathered together in the garden to dance. The monkey went to the tiny +house of the little old woman, carrying his guitar under his arm. When +she told him the long hard name of the wonderful fruit tree he made up +a little tune to it, all his own, and sang it over and over again all +the way from the tiny house of the little old woman to the corner of +the garden where the wonderful fruit tree grew. When any of the other +beasts met him and asked him what new song he was singing to his +guitar, he said never a word. He marched straight on, playing his +little tune over and over again on his guitar and singing softly the +long hard name. + +At last he reached the corner of the garden where the wonderful fruit +tree grew. He had never seen it look so beautiful. The rosy-cheeked +fruit glowed in the bright sunlight. The monkey could hardly wait to +make his bow, say the long hard name over twice and ask for the fruit +with a "please." What a beautiful colour and what a delicious odour +that fruit had! The monkey had never in all his life been so near to +anything which smelled so good. He took a big bite. What a face he +made! That beautiful sweet smelling fruit was bitter and sour, and it +had a nasty taste. He threw it away from him as far as he could. + +The monkey never forgot the tree's long hard name and the little tune +he had sung. Nor did he forget how the fruit tasted. He never took a +bite of it again; but, after that, his favourite trick was to treat +the other beasts to the wonderful fruit just to see them make faces +when they tasted it. + + + + +IX + +How the Monkey and the Goat + +Earned Their Reputations + + +Once upon a time the tiger sent an invitation to the goat asking the +goat to accompany him on a visit. The goat promptly accepted the +invitation and at the appointed day they started on their journey to +the house of the tiger's friend. On the way there they came to a +dangerous marsh. The tiger was afraid to cross it, but he pretended to +be very brave. He said to the goat: "Friend Goat, how very pale you +look when you think about crossing the marsh. Don't be afraid. Just go +ahead." + +The goat assured the tiger that he was no coward. He thrust out his +chest and marched along toward the marsh like a brave soldier. As +soon, however, as he stepped into the marsh, he fell into the mud and +barely got through it alive. The tiger went around the marsh and +walked on dry ground. + +After the tiger and the goat had come together again they came to some +banana trees. The tiger said to the goat: "Friend Goat, aren't you +hungry? Let us stop here and eat some bananas. You climb up and pluck +the bananas. Give me the ripe ones, and keep the green ones yourself." +The goat climbed up and picked the bananas. He gave the ripe ones to +the tiger and the tiger had a good meal. The goat went hungry. + +The tiger and the goat walked along and after going for some distance +they saw a cobra lying in the path. "Friend Goat," said the tiger, +"here you have the opportunity to procure a beautiful necklace for +your daughter, free of cost. Just pick it up and it is yours." The +goat started forward to pick up the snake, but the tiger told him to +let it alone if he did not want to be killed. + +When the tiger and the goat arrived at the house of the tiger's friend +it was very late. They soon went to bed in hammocks hung close +together. At midnight the tiger rose quietly, walked on tip toe to the +door, opened it, and went out. He hurried to the place where the sheep +were kept, killed the fattest lamb of the flock, and had a feast. Then +he went back to the hammock, wiped the blood on the goat, and went to +sleep. + +Early the next morning the host discovered that one of his lambs was +missing. He hastened to the room where the tiger and the goat were +sleeping and accused the tiger of having killed the lamb. The tiger +looked up at him with an innocent expression and asked, "Do you see +any blood on me?" There was no blood on the tiger, but the host looked +into the next hammock and saw the goat all covered with blood. "I know +now who killed my fattest lamb," he said, and he gave the goat such a +beating that the poor goat barely escaped with his life. From that day +to this when one speaks of a person who has been easily imposed upon +he calls him "the goat." + +Things happened very differently with the monkey. One day not long +afterward the tiger invited the monkey to accompany him when he went +to visit his friend. The monkey accepted, and the tiger and the monkey +set out on the journey. When they came to the marsh the tiger said to +the monkey, "Friend Monkey, how very pale you look when you think +about crossing the marsh. Don't be afraid. Just go ahead." + +"You go ahead yourself," replied the monkey. The tiger went through +the marsh and fell into the mud so that he was barely able to get out +again. The monkey went around the marsh and walked on dry ground. + +After a while the tiger and the monkey came to the banana trees. +"Friend Monkey," said the tiger, "aren't you hungry? Let us stop here +and eat some bananas. You climb up and pluck the bananas. Give the +ripe ones to me and you may keep the green ones for yourself." The +monkey climbed up and picked the bananas but he ate all the ripe ones +himself and threw the green ones down to the tiger. The tiger was +forced to go hungry but the monkey had a good meal. + +Finally the tiger and the monkey came to a cobra lying in the path. +"Friend Monkey," said the tiger, "here you have the opportunity to +procure a beautiful necklace for your daughter, free of cost. Pick it +up and it is yours." + +"Pick it up yourself," replied the monkey. + +When the tiger and the monkey arrived at the house of the tiger's +friend it was very late. They went to bed in hammocks hung up close +together. The monkey had seen enough of the tiger that day to make him +decide that he had better sleep with one eye open. Accordingly he +pretended he was asleep, but he was really awake. At midnight he saw +the tiger crawl quietly out of his hammock, walk on tip toe to the +door, open it gently, and go out. The monkey decided to watch and see +what happened when the tiger came back. + +The tiger went to the place where the sheep were kept, killed the +fattest lamb of the flock and had a feast. When he came back he tried +to wipe the lamb's blood on the monkey. The monkey saw him and gave +him a push so that he spilled the blood all over himself and his own +hammock. Not a single drop went on the monkey. + +Early the next morning when the host missed one of his lambs he came +to the room where his guests were sleeping. He saw the tiger all +covered with blood and he cried, "O ho, I have at last caught the one +who kills my lambs." Then he gave the tiger such a beating that he +barely escaped with his life. It was all he could do to crawl home +again. + + + + +X + +How the Monkey Got a Drink + +When He Was Thirsty + + +Once upon a time the monkey made the tiger very angry. This is how it +happened. The monkey was seated high up among the leafy branches of a +mango tree playing upon his guitar. The tiger passed that way and lay +down under the tree to rest. Just to tease him the monkey played and +sang this little song: + + "_Tango ti tar, tango ti tar, + The tiger's bones are in my guitar. + Tee hee, Tee hee._" + +The tiger was very angry. "Just wait until I catch you, Mr. Monkey," +he said. "Then I'll show you a trick or two with bones." + +The monkey leaped from one tree to another keeping himself so well hid +by the foliage that the tiger could not see him. Then he came down out +of the trees and hid himself in a hole in the ground. When the tiger +came near he again played and sang his little song: + + "_Tango ti tar, tango ti tar, + The tiger's bones are in my guitar. + Tee hee, Tee hee._" + +The tiger put his paw into the hole and caught the monkey's leg. "Oh, +ho, Mr. Tiger!" said the monkey. "You think that you have caught my +leg but what you really have is just a little stick. Oh, ho! Oh, ho!" +Then the tiger let go of the monkey's leg. + +The monkey crawled farther back into the hole in the ground where the +tiger's paw could not reach him. Then he said: "Thank you so much, Mr. +Tiger, for letting go of my leg. It really was my leg, you know." +Again he played and sang his little song: + + "_Tango ti tar, tango ti tar, + The tiger's bones are in my guitar. + Tee hee, Tee hee._" + +The tiger was angrier than ever. He waited and waited for the monkey +to come out of the hole in the ground but the monkey did not come. He +had discovered another way out and once more from the high tree tops +he sang down to the waiting tiger: + + "_Tango ti tar, tango ti tar, + The tiger's bones are in my guitar. + Tee hee, Tee hee._" + +There had been a great drought in the land and there was only one +watering place where the beasts could drink. The tiger knew that the +monkey would have to go there when he was thirsty so he decided to +wait for him and catch him when he came to drink. + +When the monkey went to the watering place to get a drink he found the +tiger there waiting for him. He ran away as fast as the wind for he +was really very much afraid of the tiger. + +He waited and waited until he thought he should die of thirst, but the +tiger did not go away from the watering place for a single minute. At +last the monkey thought of a trick by which he would be able to get a +drink. + +He lay down by the side of the pathway as if he were dead. After a +while an old woman came along the path carrying a dish of honey in a +basket upon her head. She saw the monkey lying there by the path and, +thinking that he was dead, she picked him up and put him into the +basket with the dish of honey. When the monkey saw that it was honey +in the dish he was very happy. He opened the dish and covered himself +all over with the soft sticky honey. Then as the old woman walked +under the trees he lightly sprang out of the basket into the trees. +The old woman did not miss him until she got home and found only part +of her dish of honey in the basket. "Why, I thought I had brought +home a dead monkey in my basket," she said to her children. "Now +there is no monkey here and my dish is only half full of honey. The +monkey must have been playing one of his tricks." + +The monkey had, in the meantime, stuck leaves from the trees into the +honey all over his body so that he was completely disguised. His own +mother would never have recognised him. He looked something like a +porcupine; but instead of sharp quills there were green leaves +sticking out all over him. In this fashion he went to the drinking +place and the tiger did not recognise him. He took a long, deep drink. +He was so thirsty and the water tasted so good that he stayed in the +drinking place too long. The leaves came out of the honey which had +held them and the tiger saw that it was really the monkey. The monkey +was barely able to escape. + +He was so badly frightened that he waited and waited a long, long time +before he again went to the drinking place. At last he got so thirsty +that he couldn't wait any longer. He went to the resin tree and +covered himself with resin. Then he stuck leaves into the resin and +again went to the drinking place. + +The tiger saw him, but as the tiger expected to see the leaves come +off just as soon as the monkey got into the water, he thought he would +wait and catch him in his bare skin. This time the leaves did not come +off, for the resin held them fast and was not in the least affected by +the water. The tiger thought that it was not the monkey and that he +must have made a mistake. The monkey drank all he wished and then +strolled away leisurely without the tiger's attacking him. He used the +resin and leaves every time he wanted a drink after that. He kept up +the trick until the rainy season arrived and he could find plenty of +water in other places than the big drinking place. + + + + +XI + +How the Monkey Got Food + +When He Was Hungry + + +Once upon a time the monkey was hungry. He wanted to make some +porridge, but he did not have any money to buy meal to make the +porridge. So he went to the house of the hen to borrow some meal. The +hen gave him some meal. + +"Come to my house to-morrow at one o'clock," he said to the hen, "I'll +pay back the meal then." + +Then the monkey went to the house of the fox and said, "O, friend fox, +please lend me some meal. Come to my house to-morrow at two o'clock +and I'll pay you then." The fox gave him some meal. + +Then the monkey went to the house of the dog and said, "O, friend dog, +please lend me some meal. Come to my house to-morrow at three o'clock +and I'll pay you back then." The dog gave him some meal. + +Then the monkey went to the house of the tiger and said, "O, friend +tiger, please lend me some meal. Come to my house to-morrow at four +o'clock and I'll pay you back then." The tiger gave the monkey some +meal. + +The monkey went home and made a great pot of porridge. He feasted and +feasted until he couldn't eat any more, but there was still plenty of +porridge left in the pot. Then the monkey made his bed and took care +to fix it high up from the floor. + +The next day, at midday, he ate some more of the porridge. Then he +bound a cloth about his head and went to bed pretending that he was +sick. + +At one o'clock the hen came and knocked at the door. The monkey in a +low, weak voice asked her to enter. He told her how very sick he was +and the hen was very sorry for him. + +At two o'clock the fox came and knocked at the door. The hen was +frightened almost to death. "Never mind," said the monkey, "you can +hide here under my bed." + +The hen hid under the monkey's bed and the monkey in a weak, low voice +invited the fox to enter. The monkey told the fox how very ill he was +and the fox was very sorry for him. + +At three o'clock the dog came and knocked at the door. The fox was +frightened almost to death. "Never mind," said the monkey; "hide here +under my bed and everything will be all right." + +The fox hid under the monkey's bed and the monkey, in a low, weak +voice, invited the dog to enter. The monkey told the dog how very sick +he was and the dog was very sorry for him. + +At four the tiger came and knocked at the door. The dog was frightened +almost to death. "Never mind," said the monkey. "Hide here under my +bed and everything will be all right." + +The dog hid under the monkey's bed. Then the monkey invited the tiger +to enter. He told, the tiger how very sick he was but the tiger was +not at all sorry for him. He sprang at the bed, demanding in a loud, +fierce voice that the monkey pay back the meal at once, as he had +promised to do. The monkey escaped to the tree tops, but the bed broke +down under the tiger's weight. + +Then the fox ate up the hen and the dog ate up the fox and the tiger +ate up the dog. The tiger is still trying to catch the monkey. + + + + +XII + +Why the Bananas Belong to + +the Monkey + + +Perhaps you do not know it, but the monkeys think that all the bananas +belong to them. When Brazilian children eat bananas they say, "I am a +monkey." I once knew a little boy in Brazil who was very, very fond of +bananas. He always said, "I am _very much_ of a monkey." If you are +fond of bananas the Brazilian children would tell you that you are a +monkey, too. This is the story they tell to show us how it all came +about. + +Once upon a time when the world had just been made and there was only +one kind of banana, but very many kinds of monkeys, there was a little +old woman who had a big garden full of banana trees. It was very +difficult for the old woman to gather the bananas herself, so she made +a bargain with the largest monkey. She told him that if he would +gather the bunches of bananas for her she would give him half of them. +The monkey gathered the bananas. When he took his half he gave the +little old woman the bananas which grow at the bottom of the bunch and +are small and wrinkled. The nice big fat ones he kept for himself and +carried them home to let them ripen in the dark. + +The little old woman was very angry. She lay awake all night trying to +think of some way by which she could get even with the monkey. At +last she thought of a trick. + +The next morning she made an image of wax which looked just like a +little black boy. Then she placed a large flat basket on the top of +the image's head and in the basket she placed the best ripe bananas +she could find. They certainly looked very tempting. + +After a little while the biggest monkey passed that way. He saw the +image of wax and thought that it was a boy peddling bananas. He had +often pushed over boy banana peddlers, upset their baskets and then +had run away with the bananas. This morning he was feeling very +good-natured so he thought that he would first try asking politely for +the bananas. + +"O, peddler boy, peddler boy," he said to him, "please give me a +banana." The image of wax answered never a word. + +Again the monkey said, this time in a little louder voice, "O, peddler +boy, peddler boy, please give me a banana, just one little, ripe +little, sweet little banana." The image of wax answered never a word. + +Then the monkey called out in his loudest voice, "O, peddler boy, +peddler boy, if you don't give me a banana I'll give you such a push +that it will upset all of your bananas." The image of wax was silent. + +The monkey ran toward the image of wax and struck it hard with his +hand. His hand remained firmly embedded in the wax. + +"O, peddler boy, peddler boy, let go my hand," the monkey called out. +"Let go my hand and give me a banana or else I'll give you a hard, +hard blow with my other hand." The image of wax did not let go. + +The monkey gave the image a hard, hard blow with his other hand. The +other hand remained firmly embedded in the wax. + +Then the monkey called out, "O, peddler boy, peddler boy, let go my +two hands. Let go my two hands and give me a banana or else I will +give you a kick with my foot." The image of wax did not let go. + +The monkey gave the image a kick with his foot and his foot remained +stuck fast in the wax. + +"O, peddler boy, peddler boy," the monkey cried, "let go my foot. Let +go my two hands and my foot and give me a banana or else I'll give +you a kick with my other foot." The image of wax did not let go. + +Then the monkey who was now very angry, gave the image of wax a kick +with his foot and his foot remained stuck fast in the wax. + +The monkey shouted, "O, peddler boy, peddler boy, let go my foot. Let +go my two feet and my two hands and give me a banana or else I'll give +you a push with my body." The image of wax did not let go. + +The monkey gave the image of wax a push with his body. His body +remained caught fast in the wax. + +"O, peddler boy, peddler boy," the monkey shouted, "let go my body! +Let go my body and my two feet and my two hands or I'll call all the +other monkeys to help me!" The image of wax did not let go. + +Then the monkey made such an uproar with his cries and shouts that +very soon monkeys came running from all directions. There were big +monkeys and little monkeys and middle-sized monkeys. A whole army of +monkeys had come to the aid of the biggest monkey. + +It was the very littlest monkey who thought of a plan to help the +biggest monkey out of his plight. The monkeys were to climb up into +the biggest tree and pile themselves one on top of another until they +made a pyramid of monkeys. The monkey with the very loudest voice of +all was to be on top and he was to shout his very loudest to the sun +and ask the sun to come and help the biggest monkey out of his +dreadful difficulty. + +This is what all the big-sized, little-sized, middle-sized monkeys +did. The monkey with the loudest voice on top of the pyramid made the +sun hear. The sun came at once. + +The sun poured his hottest rays down upon the wax. After a while the +wax began to melt. The monkey was at last able to pull out one of his +hands. The sun poured down more of his hottest rays and soon the +monkey was able to pull out his two hands. Then he could pull out one +foot, then another, and in a little while his body, too. At last he +was free. + +When the little old woman saw what had happened she was very much +discouraged about raising bananas. She decided to move to another +part of the world where she raised cabbages instead of bananas. The +monkeys were left in possession of the big garden full of banana +trees. From that day to this the monkeys have thought that they own +all the bananas. + + + + +XIII + +How the Monkey Escaped + +Being Eaten + + +Once upon a time, ages and ages ago, people ate fruits and nuts. Then +there came a time when the fruits and nuts became scarce. People had +to eat meat. So they began killing the various beasts to see which +ones were the best to eat. They skinned them and cut them in pieces +and cooked them over the fire. Some of the beasts were good to eat and +others were not good at all. + +The ox was found to be very good, and so was the sheep, and the +armadillo. Then one day a man thought that he would try to eat the +monkey. + +The monkey was playing his guitar. "Lee, lee, lee, lee, lee lay, lee +lay, lee ray, lee ray." The man came close to him and said, "Come +here, little monkey, and let me hear your music. I enjoy it very +much." All the time the man was coming closer and closer to the +monkey. Just as he was about to stretch out his hand and seize the +monkey, the monkey gave a sudden leap to the tree and hurried away to +the tree top. + +After that every time the man heard the monkey play the guitar he +would come near and try to catch him. The monkey grew afraid of the +man, so afraid that he gave up playing his guitar at all. For a long, +long time he did not play upon it. One day he felt that he just _must_ +have some music. He hid in a hole in the ground and there he played +upon his guitar. He did not think that the man would hear him, but the +man had very sharp ears. When he got through playing he started to +come out of the hole in the ground. There was the man waiting for him! +He crawled quickly back,--so far back that the man could not catch +him. The monkey waited and waited for the man to go away, but the man +did not go away. + +After a while the man became thirsty and went to get a drink. He left +his little boy in his place to watch for the monkey. After the man had +gone away the monkey called out to the little boy, "O, little boy, O, +little boy, don't you wish that you could see the monkey dance?" + +The little boy replied that he wished he could. + +"Just put your eyes down to the door of my little cave, and I'll let +you see the monkey dance, little boy," said the monkey. + +The little boy put his eyes down close to the hole in the ground. No +sooner had he done so than the monkey threw dirt into the little boy's +eyes. When the little boy was rubbing his eyes to get the dirt out of +them the monkey made a sudden dash out of the cave and escaped to the +tree tops. When the man returned the little boy did not dare to tell +him that the monkey had escaped. The man waited and waited and waited +there by the hole in the ground. At last he became tired of waiting +and went away. + +After that the man tried harder than ever to catch the monkey. If he +had not had the good luck to catch the monkey napping one day there is +no knowing when he would have got his hands upon him. One day, +however, he caught the monkey napping. He shut him up in a box and +carried him home to the children for supper. + +The man put a big dish full of water over the fire ready to cook the +monkey. Then he went away to collect more fuel for the fire. The +monkey and his guitar were shut up in the box, and there, inside the +box, the monkey played on his guitar. "Lee, lee, lee, lee, lee lay, +lee lay, lee ray, lee ray." The children came crowding close to the +box. + +"O, children, O, children," said the monkey, "don't you wish that you +could see the monkey dance?" + +The children replied that they wished they could. + +"This box is so small that there is not room enough for me to dance +here," said the monkey. "Just let me out and I'll show you how well I +can dance." + +The children opened the box and let the monkey out into the room. The +monkey played on his guitar, "Lee, lee, lee, lee, lee lay, lee lay, +lee ray, lee ray," and he danced about the room. Then he said, "O, +children! O, children! You have nothing at all cooking in that pot +over the fire. Let us put something into the pot to cook." + +The children thought that it would not be polite to tell the monkey +what the pot of water was waiting for, so they let the monkey fill +the pot as he liked. He put into it some little dry sticks and an +empty cocoanut shell. Then he said, "O, children, O, children, I +cannot dance any more. It is so hot here in this room." + +The children begged him to dance some more. + +"If you will open the door a little bit so that I can have more air to +breathe I'll show you a new dance," said the monkey. + +The children opened the door. The monkey danced over to the door and +out of the door away to the tree top. That was the last they ever saw +of him. He moved to another part of the country after that experience. + +When the man came home with fuel for the fire the children did not +dare to tell him that the monkey had escaped. They let him think that +the sticks and the cocoanut shell in the pot was the monkey. He built +a big roaring fire under the pot and soon it was boiling merrily. +After the pot had boiled a while he called the children to come to +supper with him. The children let him taste first. He fished a hard +stick out of the pot and bit into it. "This is not the monkey's leg. +It is just a dry stick," he said, as he made a wry face. Then he +fished the empty cocoanut shell out of the pot. "That is not the +monkey's head," he said as he tasted it, "That is just an empty +cocoanut shell." He couldn't find a single trace of the monkey in that +monkey stew. He never wished to make a monkey stew again. + + + + +XIV + +Why the Monkey Still Has + +a Tail + + +Once upon a time the monkey and the rabbit made a contract. The monkey +was to kill all the butterflies and the rabbit was to kill all the +snakes. + +One day the rabbit was taking a nap when the monkey passed that way. +The monkey thought that he would play a trick on the rabbit so he +pulled the rabbit's ears, pretending that he thought they were +butterflies. The rabbit awoke very angry at the monkey and he plotted +how he might revenge himself on the monkey. + +The rabbit and the armadillo are very good friends. The armadillo is +very, very strong, you know, so it was he whom the rabbit asked to +help him. + +One day the rabbit caught the monkey napping. He had watched and +waited a long, long time to catch the monkey napping, but at last he +succeeded. Even the monkey sometimes takes a nap. The rabbit called +the armadillo at once and together they rolled a big stone upon the +monkey's tail. The monkey pulled so hard to get his tail out from +under the stone that it broke off. The cat, who at that time had no +tail of her own, spied the tail and ran away with it. The monkey was +very angry at the rabbit. "O, we thought it was just a snake lying +there," said the rabbit. "When you pulled my ears, you know, you +thought they were butterflies." + +That did not help the monkey to feel any better. How was he to live +without his tail! How could he climb without it! He simply had to have +it back so he at once set out to find the cat. + +At last he found the cat and said to her, "O, kind cat, please give me +back my tail." + +"I will give it to you," replied the cat, "if you will get me some +milk." + +"Where shall I get the milk?" asked the monkey. + +"Go ask the cow for some," replied the cat. + +The monkey went to the cow and said, "O, kind cow, please give me some +milk that I may give the milk to the cat so that the cat will give +back my tail to me." + +"I will give you the milk," replied the cow, "if you will get me some +grass." + +"Where shall I get the grass?" asked the monkey. + +"Go ask the farmer," responded the cow. + +The monkey went to the farmer and said, "O, kind farmer, please give +me some grass that I may give the grass to the cow so that the cow +will give me some milk so that I may give the milk to the cat so that +the cat will give back my tail to me." + +The farmer said, "I will give you some grass if you will give me some +rain." + +"Where shall I get the rain?" asked the monkey. + +"Go ask the clouds," responded the farmer. + +The monkey went to the clouds and said, "O, kind clouds, please send +me down some rain that I may give the rain to the farmer so that the +farmer will give me some grass so that I may give the grass to the cow +so that the cow will give me some milk so that I may give the milk to +the cat so that the cat will give me back my tail." + +"I will give you some rain," replied the clouds, "if you will get me +some fog." + +"Where shall I get the fog?" asked the monkey. + +"Go ask the rivers," replied the clouds. + +The monkey went to the river and said, "O, kind river, please give me +a fog that I may give the fog to the clouds so that the clouds will +give some rain so that I may give the rain to the farmer so that the +farmer will give me some grass so that I may give the grass to the cow +so that the cow will give me some milk so that I may give the milk to +the cat so that the cat will give me back my tail." + +"I will give you a fog," replied the river, "if you will find a new +spring to feed me." + +"Where shall I find a spring?" asked the monkey. + +"Go search for one among the rocks upon the hillside," replied the +river. + +Then the monkey climbed up the steep hill and searched and searched +among the rocks until at last he found a little spring to feed the +river. He brought the spring to the river and the river gave him a +fog. He took the fog to the clouds and the clouds gave him rain. He +took the rain to the farmer and the farmer gave him grass. He took the +grass to the cow and the cow gave him milk. He took the milk to the +cat and the cat gave him back his tail. The monkey was so glad to have +his tail again that he danced and danced with glee. Ever since that +time the monkey has been very careful to guard his tail. He still has +one and he is still happy because of it. + + + + +XV + +How Black Became White + + +One often hears the saying that one cannot make black white or white +black. I said something about it once upon a time to my Brazilian +_ama_ and she stared at me in surprise. "O, yes, one can," she said. +"It happened once and no one can ever tell but that it may happen +again. Perhaps the _Senhora_ has not heard the story?" I begged her to +tell me the story and this is the tale: + +Once upon a time there was a little old woman who lived all alone with +her little black son who was just as black as black can be. The little +old woman had not always lived alone with the little black boy. She +had once been the mother of three beautiful daughters, the very +loveliest maidens in all the country round. They were so handsome that +they attracted the attention of the wicked fairy who lived in an +enchanted castle nearby, and this fairy had been very jealous of them. +By the aid of magic she tied them up in sacks which could be opened +only by burning the sacks over a fire built from magic wood. The +little old woman and her little black son searched long and diligently +for magic wood, but they were never able to find any. + +It was a terrible thing to have one's daughters shut up in magic +sacks. The little old woman had grown bent and weak and cross in her +search to find the magic wood. If it had not been for the little +black boy she would have given up entirely. The little black boy was +always gay and cheerful and always sure that some day they would +succeed in finding the magic wood. + +One day the little old woman took her big water jar upon her head and +carried it down to the stream to fill. It was so very heavy when she +had filled it with water that she could not lift it to her head even +with the help of the little black boy. Three fine looking +_cavalheiros_ happened to be passing on horseback. She sent the little +black boy to ask them if they would help her. They said they couldn't +possibly stop. The little old woman was very angry. She did not know +that they were on their way to the magic castle and _couldn't_ stop. +The same wicked fairy who had shut the little old woman's beautiful +daughters up in the sacks, was leading them on. + +If the little old woman had known all about the three _cavalheiros_ +she would not have been angry. She would have wanted to help them +instead. The three _cavalheiros_ were very good and very wise, so they +managed to get along very well. As soon as they reached the enchanted +castle the fairy showed them to their beds. She had marked each bed +with a candle. No one before had ever been wise enough to blow out +these candles. These _cavalheiros_ blew out the candles and that took +away the fairy's power over them. They were able to escape from the +palace. When the wicked fairy came to put them in her magic sacks she +found the beds empty. + +The three _cavalheiros_ took their horses and rode back by the same +road by which they had come. They stopped at a little shop on a corner +which was kept by a good fairy and bought one _vintem's_ worth of +ashes, one _vintem's_ worth of salt and one _vintem's_ worth of pins. + +After a while the three _cavalheiros_ approached the house of the +little old woman and the little black boy. The little old woman was +still angry because they had refused to stop and help her lift her +water jar to her head. When she saw them coming she threw stones at +them. Of course that was a very stupid thing to do. + +When the three _cavalheiros_ saw what was happening they were greatly +surprised. They had forgotten all about the little black boy and the +little old woman whom he had asked them to help. When they saw her +coming with the stones they thought that she must be a wicked fairy in +the form of a little old woman. + +The _cavalheiro_ who had one _vintem's_ worth of ashes in his pocket +threw the ashes at her. It became night. The little old woman came on +with her stones just the same. + +The _cavalheiro_ who had one _vintem's_ worth of salt in his pocket +threw the salt at her. Immediately a sea of salt water appeared +between the three _cavalheiros_ and the little old woman. The little +old woman came on with her stones just the same. + +The _cavalheiro_ who had one _vintem's_ worth of pins in his pocket +threw the pins at her. Immediately a high, thorny hedge sprang out of +the ground between the little old woman and the three _cavalheiros_. + +The little old woman was too angry to think clearly. If she had not +been so angry she would have known at once that this must be magic +wood. The little black boy, however, had his wits about him. He +hastened to gather the branches even though the thorns tore his hands. +Soon he had brought together a great pile of wood like the piles which +they make in the streets to burn on a _festa_ night. + +The little old woman saw what he was doing and ran to get the magic +sacks in which her daughters were imprisoned. They laid the sacks on +top of the pile of magic wood and lighted the fire. There was a great +noise like thunder. Out of the three magic sacks there sprang three +beautiful maidens who had been preserved alive in the sacks by a +miracle of _Nossa Senhora_. + +The little old woman and her three beautiful daughters turned to thank +the little black boy for what he had done. The little black boy was no +longer black. He had been turned white. + +The three _cavalheiros_ married the three beautiful maidens and the +little boy who was now white, grew up to be the greatest _cavalheiro_ +of them all. + + + + +XVI + +How the Pigeon Became a + +Tame Bird + + +Once upon a time there was a father with three sons who had reached +the age when they must go out into the world to earn their own living. +When the time for parting came he gave to each of them a large melon +with the advice that they open the melons only at a place where there +was water nearby. + +The three brothers set out from their father's house, each taking a +different path. As soon as the eldest son was out of sight of the +house he opened his melon. A beautiful maiden sprang out of the melon +saying, "Give me water or give me milk." There was no water nearby and +neither did the young man have any milk to give her. She fell down +dead. + +The second son left his father's house by a path which led over a +steep hill. The large melon was heavy to carry and in a little while +he became very tired and thirsty. He saw no water nearby and feared +that there was no possibility of finding any soon, so he thought he +would open the melon and use it to quench his thirst. Accordingly he +opened his melon. To his great surprise, a beautiful maiden sprang +forth saying, "Give me water or give me milk." Of course he had +neither to give her and she fell down dead. + +The third son also travelled by a path which led over a steep hill. +He, too, became very tired and thirsty and he often thought how much +he would like to open his melon. However, he remembered his father's +advice to open it only where there was water nearby. So he travelled +on and on hoping to find a spring of water on the hillside. He did not +have the good fortune to pass near a spring either going up the hill +or coming down on the opposite side. At the foot of the hill there was +a town and in the centre of the town there was a fountain. The young +man hurried straight to the fountain and took a long refreshing drink. +Then he opened his melon. A beautiful maiden sprang forth saying, +"Give me water or give me milk." The young man gave her a drink of +water. Then he helped her to a hiding place among the thick branches +of the tree which grew beside the fountain and went away in search of +food. + +Soon a little black servant girl came to the fountain to fill a big +water jar which she carried on her head. The maiden in the tree above +the fountain peeped out through the branches. When the little black +servant girl bent over the water to fill her jar she saw the +reflection of a charming face in the water. "How beautiful I have +become," she said to herself. "How ridiculous that any one as +beautiful as I am should carry water on her head." She threw her water +jar upon the ground in disdain and it broke into a thousand pieces. + +When the little maid reached home with neither water nor water jar her +mistress punished her severely and sent her again to the fountain +with a new water jar to fill. This time the maiden in the tree gave a +little silvery laugh when the black servant girl bent over the water. +The little maid looked up and spied her in the tree. "O, it is you, is +it, who are responsible for my beating?" she said. She pulled a pin +out of her camisa and, reaching up, she stuck it savagely into the +beautiful maiden in the tree. Then a strange thing happened. There was +no longer any beautiful maiden in the tree. There was just a pigeon +there. + +At that moment the young man came back to the tree with the food he +had procured. When the little black maid heard his footsteps she was +frightened nearly to death. She hid herself quickly among the thick +branches of the tree. The young man was very much surprised to find a +little black maid in the tree in the place of the beautiful maiden he +had left there. "What has happened to you during my absence" he asked +in horror as soon as he saw her. "The sun has burned my complexion. +That is all. It is nothing. I shall be myself again when I get away +from this hot place," the little maid replied. + +The young man married the little black maid and took her away out of +sunny places hoping that she would soon be again the beautiful maiden +she was when he left her by the fountain in search of food. But she +always remained black. + +Years passed and the young man became very rich. He lived in a +beautiful mansion. All around the house there was a wonderful garden +full of lovely flowers and splendid trees where birds loved to sing +sweet songs and build their nests. In spite of his beautiful home the +young man was not very happy. It was a great trial to have a wife who +was so black. He often walked up and down the paths in his garden at +the close of the day and thought about how beautiful his wife had been +the first time he ever saw her. As he walked in the garden there was +always a pigeon which followed him about. It flew about his head in a +way that annoyed him, so one day when his wife was sick and asked for +a pigeon to be roasted for her dinner he commanded that this +particular pigeon should be killed. + +When the cook was preparing the pigeon for her mistress to eat for +dinner she noticed a black speck on the pigeon's breast. She thought +that it was a speck of dirt and tried to brush it away. To her +surprise she could not brush it off easily because it was a pin firmly +embedded in the pigeon's breast. She pulled and pulled but could not +pull it out so she sent for her master to come and see what he could +do to remove it. He at once pulled out the pin and then a wonderful +thing happened. The pigeon was transformed into a beautiful maiden. He +at once recognised her as the same lovely maiden who had sprung forth +from his melon by the fountain and whom he had left hidden in the +tree. + +When the young man's black wife learned that her husband had found the +beautiful maiden again after all these years she confessed her deceit +and soon died. The young man married the beautiful maiden who was +still just as beautiful as she was the first time he saw her. They +were very happy together but the wife never forgot about the time she +had been a pigeon. + +Up to that time pigeons had been wild birds who built their nests in +the deep forest. The wife often wished that they would build their +nests in her beautiful garden so she had little bird houses built and +set up there. + +One day a pigeon, bolder than the rest, flew through the garden and +spied the little bird houses. He moved his family there at once and +told the other pigeons that there were other houses there for them +too. The other pigeons were timid and so they waited to see what +terrible calamity might happen to the bold pigeon and his family, but +not a single unpleasant thing occurred. They were just as happy as +happy could be in their new home. + +After a while other pigeon families moved into the garden and were +happy too. Thus it came about that after years and years the pigeons +no longer build their nests in the deep forest, but they always make +their homes near the homes of men. The pigeons, themselves, do not +know how it all came about, but the beautiful woman who was once a +pigeon, when she had children of her own, told them about it, and they +told their children. Thus it happens that the mothers in Brazil tell +their children this story about the pigeon. + + + + +XVII + +Why the Sea Moans + + +Once upon a time there was a little princess who lived in a +magnificent royal palace. All around the palace there was a beautiful +garden full of lovely flowers and rare shrubs and trees. The part of +the garden which the princess liked most of all was a corner of it +which ran down to the sea. She was a very lonely little princess and +she loved to sit and watch the changing beauty of the sea. The name of +the little princess was Dionysia and it often seemed to her that the +sea said, as it rushed against the shore, "Di-o-ny-si-a, +Di-o-ny-si-a." + +One day when the little princess was sitting all alone by the sea she +said to herself, "O! I am so lonely. I do so wish that I had somebody +to play with. When I ride out in the royal chariot I see little girls +who have other little boys and girls to play with them. Because I am +the royal princess I never have anybody to play with me. If I have to +be the royal princess and not play with other children I do think I +might have some sort of live thing to play with me." + +Then a most remarkable thing happened. The sea said very slowly and +distinctly and over and over again so there couldn't be any mistake +about it, "Di-o-ny-si-a, Di-o-ny-si-a." + +The little princess walked up close to the sea, just as close as she +dared to go without danger of getting her royal shoes and stockings +wet. Straight out of the biggest wave of all there came a sea serpent +to meet her. She knew that it was a sea serpent from the pictures in +her royal story books even though she had never seen a sea serpent +before, but somehow this sea serpent looked different than the +pictures. Instead of being a fierce monster it looked kind and gentle +and good. She held out her arms to it right away. + +"Come play with me," said Dionysia. + +"I am Labismena and I have come to play with you," replied the sea +serpent. + +After that the little princess was very much happier. The sea serpent +came out of the sea to play with her every day when she was alone. If +any one else came near Labismena would disappear into the sea so no +one but Dionysia ever saw her. + +The years passed rapidly and each year the little princess grew to be +a larger and larger princess. At last she was sixteen years old and a +very grown-up princess indeed. She still enjoyed her old playmate, +Labismena, and they were often together on the seashore. + +One day when they were walking up and down together beside the sea the +sea serpent looked at Dionysia with sad eyes and said, "I too have +been growing older all these years, dear Dionysia. Now the time has +come that we can no longer play together. I shall never come out of +the sea to play with you any more, but I shall never forget you and I +shall always be your friend. I hope that you will never have any +trouble, but if you ever should, call my name and I will come to help +you." Then the sea serpent disappeared into the sea. + +About this time the wife of a neighbouring king died and as she lay +upon her death bed she gave the king a jewelled ring. "When the time +comes when you wish to wed again," she said, "I ask you to marry a +princess upon whose finger this ring shall be neither too tight nor +too loose." + +After a while the king began to look about for a princess to be his +bride. He visited many royal palaces and tried the ring upon the +finger of many royal princesses. Upon some the ring was too tight and +upon others it was too loose. There was no princess whose finger it +fitted perfectly. + +At last in his search the king came to the royal palace where the +princess Dionysia lived. The princess had dreams of her own of a young +and charming prince who would some day come to wed her, so she was not +pleased at all. The king was old and no longer handsome, and when he +tried the ring upon Dionysia's finger she hoped with all her heart +that it would not fit. It fitted perfectly. + +The princess Dionysia was frightened nearly to death. "Will I really +have to marry him?" she asked her royal father. Her father told her +what a very wealthy king he was with a great kingdom and a wonderful +royal palace ever so much more wonderful and grand than the palace +the princess Dionysia had always had for her home. Her father had no +patience at all with her for not being happy about it. "You ought to +consider yourself the most fortunate princess in all the world," he +said. + +Dionysia spent her days and nights weeping. Her father was afraid that +she would grow so thin that the ring would no longer fit her finger, +so he hastened the plans for the wedding. + +One day Dionysia walked up and down beside the sea, crying as if her +heart would break. All at once she stopped crying. "How stupid I have +been," she said. "My old playmate Labismena told me that if ever I was +in trouble she would come back and help me. With all my silly crying I +had forgotten about it." + +Dionysia walked up close to the sea and called softly, "Labismena, +Labismena." Out of the sea came the sea serpent just as she used to +come. The princess told the sea serpent all about the dreadful trouble +which was threatening to spoil her life. + +"Have no fear," said Labismena, "tell your father that you will marry +the king when the king presents you with a dress the colour of the +fields and all their flowers and that you will not marry him until he +gives it to you." Then the sea serpent disappeared again into the sea. + +Dionysia sent word through her father to her royal suitor that she +would wed him only when he procured her a dress the colour of the +fields and all their flowers. The king was very much in love with +Dionysia, so he was secretly filled with joy at this request. He +searched everywhere for a dress the colour of the fields and all their +flowers. It was a very difficult thing to find but at last he procured +one. He sent it to Dionysia at once. + +When Dionysia saw that the king had really found the dress for her she +was filled with grief. She thought that there was no escape and that +she would have to marry the king after all. As soon as she could get +away from the palace without being noticed she ran down to the sea and +again called, "Labismena, Labismena." + +The sea serpent at once came out of the sea. "Do not fear," she said +to Dionysia. "Go back and say that you will not wed the king until he +gives you a dress the colour of the sea and all its fishes." + +When the king heard this new request of Dionysia's he was rather +discouraged. However he searched for the dress and, at last, after +expending a great sum of money, he procured such a gown. + +When Dionysia saw that a dress the colour of the sea and all its +fishes had been found for her she again went to seek counsel from her +old playmate. "Do not be afraid," Labismena again said to her. "This +time you must ask the king to get you a dress the colour of the sky +and all its stars. You may also tell him that this is the last present +you will ask him to make you." + +When the king heard about the demand for a dress the colour of the sky +and all its stars he was completely disheartened, but when he heard +that Dionysia had promised that this would be the last present she +would ask he decided that it might be a good investment after all. He +set out to procure the dress with all possible speed. At last he found +one. + +When Dionysia saw the dress the colour of the sky and all its stars +she thought that this time there was no escape from marrying the king. +She called the sea serpent with an anxious heart for she was afraid +that now even Labismena could do nothing to help her. + +Labismena came out of the sea in answer to her call. + +"Go home to the palace and get your dress the colour of the field and +all its flowers," said the sea serpent, "and your dress the colour of +the sea and all its fishes, and your dress the colour of the sky and +all its stars. Then hurry back here to the sea for I have been +preparing a surprise for you." + +All the time the king had been procuring the wonderful gowns for +Dionysia the sea serpent had been building a ship for her. When +Dionysia returned from the royal palace with her lovely dresses all +carefully packed in a box there was a queer little boat awaiting her. +It was not at all like any other boat she had ever seen and she was +almost afraid to get into it when Labismena asked her to try it. "This +little ship which I have built for you," said Labismena, "will carry +you far away over the sea to the kingdom of a prince who is the most +charming prince in all the world. When you see him you will want to +marry him above all others." + +"O, Labismena! How can I ever thank you for all you have done for +me?" cried Dionysia. + +"You can do the greatest thing in the world for me," said Labismena; +"though I have never told you and I do not believe that you have ever +suspected it, I am really an enchanted princess. I shall have to +remain in the form of a sea serpent until the happiest maiden in all +the world, at the hour of her greatest happiness, calls my name three +times. You will be the very happiest girl in all the world on the day +of your marriage, and if you will remember to call my name three times +then you will break my enchantment and I shall once more be a lovely +princess instead of a sea serpent." + +Dionysia promised her friend that she would remember to do this. The +sea serpent asked her to promise three times to make sure. When +Dionysia had promised three times and again embraced her old playmate +and thanked her for all that she had done she sailed away in the +little ship. The sea serpent disappeared into the sea. + +Dionysia sailed and sailed in the little ship and at last it bore her +to a lovely island. She thought that she had reached her destination, +so she stepped out of the boat not forgetting to take her box of +dresses with her. As soon as she was out of the boat it sailed away. +"Now what shall I ever do?" said Dionysia. "The ship has gone away and +left me and how shall I ever earn my living? I have never done +anything useful in all my life." + +Dionysia surely had to do something to earn her living immediately, so +she at once set out to see what she could find to do. She went from +house to house asking for food and work. At last she came to the royal +palace. Here at the royal palace they told her that they had great +need of a maid to take care of the hens. Dionysia thought that this +was something which she could do, so she accepted the position at +once. It was, of course, very different work from being a princess in +a royal palace but it provided her with food and shelter, and when +Dionysia thought of having to marry the old king she was never sorry +that she had left home. + +Time passed and at last there was a great feast day celebrated in the +city. Everybody in the palace went except the little maid who minded +the hens. After everybody had gone away Dionysia decided that she +would go to the _festa_ too. She combed her hair and put on her gown +which was the colour of the fields and all their flowers. In this +wonderful gown she was sure nobody would ever guess that she was the +little maid who had been left at home to mind the hens. She did want +to go to the _festa_! She hurried there as fast as she could and +arrived just in time for the dances. + +Everybody at the _festa_ noticed the beautiful maiden in her gown the +colour of the fields and all their flowers. The prince fell madly in +love with her. Nobody had ever seen her before and nobody could find +out who the beautiful stranger was or where she came from. Before the +_festa_ was over Dionysia slipped away, and, when the rest of the +royal household returned home there was the little maid minding the +hens just as they had left her. + +The second day of the _festa_ everybody went early except the little +maid who looked after the hens. When the others had gone she put on +her dress the colour of the sea and all its fishes and went to the +_festa_. She attracted even more attention than she had the day +before. + +When the _festa_ was over and the royal household had returned to the +royal palace, the prince remarked to his mother, "Don't you think that +the beautiful stranger at the _festa_ looks like the little maid who +minds our hens?" + +"What nonsense," replied his mother. "How could the little maid who +minds our hens ever get such wonderful gowns to wear?" Just to make +sure, however, the prince told the royal councillor to find out if +the little maid who minds the royal hens had been to the _festa_. All +the servants told about leaving her at home with the hens and coming +back and finding her just as they had left her. + +"Whoever the beautiful stranger at the _festa_ may be," said the +prince, "she is the one above all others whom I want for my wife. I +shall find her some way." + +The third day of the _festa_ Dionysia went attired in her gown the +colour of the sky and all its stars. The prince fell more madly in +love with her than ever. He could not get her to tell him who she was +or where she lived but he gave her a beautiful jewel. + +When the prince returned home he would not eat any food. He grew thin +and pale. Every one around the palace tried his best to invent some +dish which would tempt the prince's appetite. + +Finally the little maid who took care of the hens said that she +thought she could prepare a dish which the prince would eat. + +Accordingly she made a dish of broth for the prince and in the bottom +of the dish she dropped the jewel which the prince had given her. + +When the broth was set before the prince he was about to send it away +untouched, just as he did everything else, but the sparkling jewel +attracted his attention. + +"Who made this dish of broth?" he asked as soon as he could speak. + +"It was made by the little maid who minds the hens," replied his +mother. + +"Send for the little maid to come to me at once," cried the prince. "I +knew that the beautiful stranger at the _festa_ looked like our little +maid who minds the hens." + +The prince married Dionysia the very next day and Dionysia was the +very happiest girl in all the world, for from the first moment that +she had seen the prince, she had known that he was the one above all +others whom she wished to marry. + +Alas! In Dionysia's excitement she forgot all about calling the name +of her old playmate, Labismena, at the hour of her marriage as she had +promised to do. She thought of nothing but the prince. + +There was no escape for Labismena. She had to remain in the form of a +sea serpent because of Dionysia's neglect. She had lost her chance to +come out of the sea and become a lovely princess herself and find a +charming prince of her own. For this reason her sad moan is heard in +the sea until this very day. Perhaps you have noticed it. + +You will often hear the call come from the sea as it breaks against +the shore, "Dionysia, Di-o-ny-si-a." No wonder that the sea moans. It +is enough to make a sea serpent sad to be forgotten by the very person +one has done most to help. + + + + +XVIII + +How the Brazilian Beetles Got + +Their Gorgeous Coats + + +In Brazil the beetles have such beautifully coloured, hard-shelled +coats upon their backs that they are often set in pins and necklaces +like precious stones. Once upon a time, years and years ago, they had +ordinary plain brown coats. This is how it happened that the Brazilian +beetle earned a new coat. + +One day a little brown beetle was crawling along a wall when a big +grey rat ran out of a hole in the wall and looked down scornfully at +the little beetle. "O ho!" he said to the beetle, "how slowly you +crawl along. You'll never get anywhere in the world. Just look at me +and see how fast I can run." + +The big grey rat ran to the end of the wall, wheeled around, and came +back to the place where the little beetle was slowly crawling along at +only a tiny distance from where the rat had left her. + +"Don't you wish that you could run like that?" said the big grey rat +to the little brown beetle. + +"You are surely a fast runner," replied the little brown beetle +politely. Her mother had taught her always to be polite and had often +said to her that a really polite beetle never boasts about her own +accomplishments. The little brown beetle never boasted a single boast +about the things she could do. She just went on slowly crawling along +the wall. + +A bright green and gold parrot in the mango tree over the wall had +heard the conversation. "How would you like to race with the beetle?" +he asked the big grey rat. "I live next door to the tailor bird," he +added, "and just to make the race exciting I'll offer a bright +coloured coat as a prize to the one who wins the race. You may choose +for it any colour you like and I'll have it made to order." + +"I'd like a yellow coat with stripes like the tiger's," said the big +grey rat, looking over his shoulder at his gaunt grey sides as if he +were already admiring his new coat. + +"I'd like a beautiful, bright coloured new coat, too," said the little +brown beetle. + +The big grey rat laughed long and loud until his gaunt grey sides were +shaking. "Why, you talk just as if you thought you had a chance to win +the race," he said, when he could speak. + +The bright green and gold parrot set the royal palm tree at the top of +the cliff as the goal of the race. He gave the signal to start and +then he flew away to the royal palm tree to watch for the end of the +race. + +The big grey rat ran as fast as he could. Then he thought how very +tired he was getting. "What's the use of hurrying?" he said to +himself. "The little brown beetle can not possibly win. If I were +racing with somebody who could really run it would be very different." +Then he started to run more slowly but every time his heart beat it +said, "Hurry up! Hurry up!" The big grey rat decided that it was best +to obey the little voice in his heart so he hurried just as fast as he +could. + +When he reached the royal palm tree at the top of the cliff he could +hardly believe his eyes. He thought he must be having a bad dream. +There was the little brown beetle sitting quietly beside the bright +green and gold parrot. The big grey rat had never been so surprised in +all his life. "How did you ever manage to run fast enough to get here +so soon?" he asked the little brown beetle as soon as he could catch +his breath. + +The little brown beetle drew out the tiny wings from her sides. +"Nobody said anything about having to run to win the race," she +replied, "so I flew instead." + +"I did not know that you could fly," said the big grey rat in a +subdued little voice. + +"After this," said the bright green and gold parrot, "never judge any +one by his looks alone. You never can tell how often or where you may +find concealed wings. You have lost the prize." + +Until this day, even in Brazil where the flowers and birds and beasts +and insects have such gorgeous colouring, the rat wears a plain dull +grey coat. + +Then the parrot turned to the little brown beetle who was waiting +quietly at his side. "What colour do you want your new coat to be?" he +asked. + +The little brown beetle looked up at the bright green and gold parrot, +at the green and gold palm trees above their heads, at the green +mangoes with golden flushes on their cheeks lying on the ground under +the mango trees, at the golden sunshine upon the distant green hills. +"I choose a coat of green and gold," she said. + +From that day to this the Brazilian beetle has worn a coat of green +with golden lights upon it. + +For years and years the Brazilian beetles were all very proud to wear +green and gold coats like that of the beetle who raced with the rat. + +Then, once upon a time, it happened that there was a little beetle who +grew discontented with her coat of green and gold. She looked up at +the blue sky and out at the blue sea and wished that she had a blue +coat instead. She talked about it so much that finally her mother took +her to the parrot who lived next to the tailor bird. + +"You may change your coat for a blue one," said the parrot, "but if +you change you'll have to give up something." + +"Oh, I'll gladly give up anything if only I may have a blue coat +instead of a green and gold one," said the discontented little beetle. + +When she received her new coat she thought it was very beautiful. It +was a lovely shade of blue and it had silvery white lights upon it +like the light of the stars. When she put it on, however, she +discovered that it was not hard like the green and gold one. From that +day to this the blue beetles' coats have not been hard and firm. That +is the reason why the jewellers have difficulty in using them in pins +and necklaces like other beetles. + +From the moment that the little beetle put on her new blue coat she +never grew again. From that day to this the blue beetles have been +much smaller than the green and gold ones. + +When the Brazilians made their flag they took for it a square of green +the colour of the green beetle's coat. Within this square they placed +a diamond of gold like the golden lights which play upon the green +beetle's back. Then, within the diamond, they drew a circle to +represent the round earth and they coloured it blue like the coat of +the blue beetle. Upon the blue circle they placed stars of silvery +white like the silvery white lights on the back of the blue beetle. +About the blue circle of the earth which they thus pictured they drew +a band of white, and upon this band they wrote the motto of their +country, "_Ordem e Progresso_, order and progress." + + + +***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FAIRY TALES FROM BRAZIL*** + + +******* This file should be named 24714.txt or 24714.zip ******* + + +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: +https://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/2/4/7/1/24714 + + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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