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diff --git a/old/wbstr10a.txt b/old/wbstr10a.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4ba2e94 --- /dev/null +++ b/old/wbstr10a.txt @@ -0,0 +1,35478 @@ + +The Project Gutenberg Etext of Webster's Unabridged Dictionary + +First 100 Pages + +Please take a look at the important information in this header. +We encourage you to keep this file on your own disk, keeping an +electronic path open for the next readers. Do not remove this. + + +**Welcome To The World of Free Plain Vanilla Electronic Texts** + +**Etexts Readable By Both Humans and By Computers, Since 1971** + +*These Etexts Prepared By Hundreds of Volunteers and Donations* + +Information on contacting Project Gutenberg to get Etexts, and +further information is included below. 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If you + don't derive profits, no royalty is due. Royalties are + payable to "Project Gutenberg Association / Illinois + Benedictine College" within the 60 days following each + date you prepare (or were legally required to prepare) + your annual (or equivalent periodic) tax return. + +WHAT IF YOU *WANT* TO SEND MONEY EVEN IF YOU DON'T HAVE TO? +The Project gratefully accepts contributions in money, time, +scanning machines, OCR software, public domain etexts, royalty +free copyright licenses, and every other sort of contribution +you can think of. Money should be paid to "Project Gutenberg +Association / Illinois Benedictine College". + +*END*THE SMALL PRINT! FOR PUBLIC DOMAIN ETEXTS*Ver.04.29.93*END* + + + + + +<-- begin Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary - 1913 --> +<-- p. 1 --> + + A (named ? in the English, and most commonly in other +languages). The first letter of the English and of many +other alphabets. The capital A of the alphabets of Middle +and Western Europe, as also the small letter (a), besides +the forms in Italic, black letter, etc., are all descended +from the old Latin A, which was borrowed from the Greek +Alpha, of the same form; and this was made from the first +letter (?) of the Phoenician alphabet, the equivalent of the +Hebrew Aleph, and itself from the Egyptian origin. The Aleph +was a consonant letter, with a guttural breath sound that +was not an element of Greek articulation; and the Greeks +took it to represent their vowel Alpha with the sound, the +Phoenician alphabet having no vowel symbols. + This letter, in English, is used for several different +vowel sounds. See Guide to pronunciation, 43P74. The +regular long a, as in fate, etc., is a comparatively modern +sound, and has taken the place of what, till about the early +part of the 17th century, was a sound of the quality of +(as in far). + 2. (Mus.) The name of the sixth tone in the model major +scale (that in C), or the first tone of the minor scale, +which is named after it the scale in A minor. The second +string of the violin is tuned to the A in the treble staff. +P A sharp (A#) is the name of a musical tone intermediate +between A and B.P A flat (A?) is the name of a tone +intermediate between A and G. + A per se (L. per se by itself), one pre minent; a +nonesuch. [Obs.] + O fair Creseide, the flower and A per se + Of Troy and Greece. +Chaucer. + A (? emph. ?). 1. [Shortened form of an. AS. ? one. See +One.] An adjective, commonly called the indefinite article, +and signifying one or any, but less emphatically. =At a +birth8; =In a word8; =At a blow8. Shak. It is placed before +nouns of the singular number denoting an individual object, +or a quality individualized, before collective nouns, and +also before plural nouns when the adjective few or the +phrase great many or good many is interposed; as, a dog, a +house, a man; a color; a sweetness; a hundred, a fleet, a +regiment; a few persons, a great many days. It is used for +an, for the sake of euphony, before words beginning with a +consonant sound [for exception of certain words beginning +with h, see An]; as, a table, a woman, a year, a unit, a +eulogy, a ewe, a oneness, such a one, etc. Formally an was +used both before vowels and consonants. + 2. [Originally the preposition a (an, on).] In each; to +or for each; as, =twenty leagues a day8, =a hundred pounds a +year8, =a dollar a yard8, etc. + A (?), prep. [Abbreviated form of an (AS. on). See On.] +1. In; on; at; by. [Obs.] =A God's name.8 =Torn a pieces.8 +=Stand a tiptoe.8 =A Sundays8 Shak. =Wit that men have now a +days.8 Chaucer. =Set them a work.8 Robynson (More's Utopia) + 2. In process of; in the act of; into; to; P used with +verbal substantives in Ping which begin with a consonant. +This is a shortened form of the preposition an which was +used before the vowel sound); as in a hunting, a building, a +begging. =Jacob, when he was a dying8 Heb. xi. 21. =We'll a +birding together.8 = It was a doing.8 Shak. =He burst out a +laughing.8 Macaulay. The hyphen may be used to connect a +with the verbal substantive (as, aPhunting, aPbilding) or +the words may be written separately. This form of expression +is now for the most part obsolete, the a being omitted and +the verbal substantive treated as a participle. + A. [From AS. of off, from. See Of.] Of. [Obs.] =The name +of John a Gaunt.8 =What time a day is it ?8 Shak. =It's six +a clock.8 B. Jonson. + A. A barbarous corruption of have, of he, and sometimes +of it and of they. =So would I a done8 =A brushes his hat.8 +Shak. + A. An expletive, void of sense, to fill up the meter + A merry heart goes all the day, + Your sad tires in a milePa. +Shak. + AP. A, as a prefix to English words, is derived from +various sources. (1) It frequently signifies on or in (from +an, a forms of AS. on), denoting a state, as in afoot, on +foot, abed, amiss, asleep, aground, aloft, away (AS. onweg), +and analogically, ablaze, atremble, etc. (2) AS. of off, +from, as in adown (AS. ofdne off the dun or hill). (3) AS. +? (Goth. usP, urP, Ger. erP), usually giving an intensive +force, and sometimes the sense of away, on, back, as in +arise, abide, ago. (4) Old English yP or iP (corrupted from +the AS. inseparable particle geP, cognate with OHG. gaP, +giP, Goth. gaP), which, as a prefix, made no essential +addition to the meaning, as in aware. (5) French (L. ad +to), as in abase, achieve. (6) L. a, ab, abs, from, as in +avert. (7) Greek insep. prefix ? without, or privative, not, +as in abyss, atheist; akin to E. unP. + Besides these, there are other sources from which the +prefix a takes its origin. + A 1 (?). A registry mark given by underwriters (as at +Lloyd's) to ships in firstPclass condition. Inferior grades +are indicated by A 2 and A 3. + A 1 is also applied colloquially to other things to +imply superiority; prime; firstPclass; firstPrate. + XAam (?), n. [D. aam, fr. LL. ama; cf. L hama a water +bucket, Gr. ?] A Dutch and German measure of liquids, +varying in different cities, being at Amsterdam about 41 +wine gallons, at Antwerp 36+, at Hamburg 38,. [Written also +Aum and Awm.] + XAard6Pvark7 (?), n. [D., earthPpig.] (Zol.) An +edentate mammal, of the genus Orycteropus, somewhat +resembling a pig, common in some parts of Southern Africa. +It burrows in the ground, and feeds entirely on ants, which +it catches with its long, slimy tongue. + XAard6Pwolf7 (?), n. [D, earthPwolf] (Zol.) A +carnivorous quadruped (Proteles Lalandii), of South Africa, +resembling the fox and hyena. See Proteles. + AaOron6ic (?), AaOron6icOal (?),} a. Pertaining to +Aaron, the first high priest of the Jews. + Aar6on's rod7 (?). [See Exodus vii. 9 and Numbers xvii. +8] 1. (Arch.) A rod with one serpent twined around it, thus +differing from the caduceus of Mercury, which has two. + 2. (Bot.) A plant with a tall flowering stem; esp. the +great mullein, or hagPtaper, and the goldenProd. + AbP (?). [Latin prep., etymologically the same as E. of, +off. See Of.] A prefix in many words of Latin origin. It +signifies from, away , separating, or departure, as in +abduct, abstract, abscond. See AP(6). + XAb (?), n. [Of Syriac origin.] The fifth month of the +Jewish year according to the ecclesiastical reckoning, the +eleventh by the civil computation, coinciding nearly with +August. +W.Smith. + XAb6aOca (?), n. [The native name.] The ManilaPhemp +plant (Musa textilis); also, its fiber. See Manila hemp +under Manila. + AObac6iOnate (?), v.t. [LL. abacinatus, p.p. of +abacinare; ab off+bacinus a basin.] To blind by a redPhot +metal plate held before the eyes. [R.] + AObac7iOna6tion (?), n. The act of abacinating. [R.] + XAb7aOcis6cus (?), n. [Gr.?, dim of ?. See Abacus.] +(Arch.) One of the tiles or squares of a tessellated +pavement; an abaculus. + Ab6aOcist (?), n. [LL abacista, fr. abacus.] One who +uses an abacus in casting accounts; a calculator. + AOback6 (?), adv. [Pref. aP + back; AS. on ? at, on, or +toward the back. See Back.] 1. Toward the back or rear; +backward. =Therewith aback she started.8 +Chaucer. + 2. Behind; in the rear. +Knolles. + 3. (Naut.) Backward against the mast;Psaid of the sails +when pressed by the wind. +Totten. + To be taken aback. (a) To be driven backward against the +mast;Psaid of the sails, also of the ship when the are thus +driven. (b) To be suddenly checked, baffled, or discomfited. +Dickens. + Ab6ack (?), n. An abacus. [Obs.] +B.Jonson. + AbOac6tiOnal (?), a. [L. ab + E. actinal.] (Zol.) +Pertaining to the surface or end opposite to the mouth in a +radiate animal;Popposed to actinal. =The aboral or abactinal +area.8 +L.Agassiz. + AbOac6tion (?), n. Stealing cattle on a large scale. +[Obs.] + AbOac6tor (?), n. [L., fr. abigere to drive away; +ab+agere to drive.] (Law) One who steals and drives away +cattle or beasts by herds or droves. [Obs.] + XAObac6uOlus (?), n. ; pl. Abaculi (?). [L., dim. of +abacus.] (Arch.) A small tile of glass, marble, or other +substance, of various colors, used in making ornamental +patterns in mosaic pavements. +Fairholt. + Ab6aOcus (?), n.; E. pl. Abacuses ; L. pl. Abaci (?). +[L. abacus, abax, ?] 1. A table or tray strewn with sand, +anciently used for drawing, calculating, etc. [Obs.] + 2. A calculating table or frame; an instrument for +performing arithmetical calculations by balls sliding on +wires, or counters in grooves, the lowest line representing +units, the second line, tens, etc. It is still employed in +China. + 3. (Arch.) (a) The uppermost member or division of the +capital of a column, immediately under the architrave. See +Column. (b) A tablet, panel, or compartment in ornamented or +mosaic work. + 4. A board, tray, or table, divided into perforated +compartments, for holding cups, bottles, or the like; a kind +of cupboard, buffet, or sideboard. + Abacus harmonicus (Mus.), an ancient diagram showing the +structure and disposition of the keys of an instrument. +Crabb. + Ab6aOda (?), n. [Pg., the female rhinoceros.] The +rhinoceros. [Obs.] +Purchas. + AObad6don (?), n. [Heb. ? destruction, abyss, fr. ? to +be lost, to perish.] 1. The destroyer, or angel of the +bottomless pit; P the same as Apollyon and Asmodeus. + 2. Hell; the bottomless pit. [Poetic] + In all her gates, Abaddon rues + Thy bold attempt. +Milton. + AObaft6 (?), prep. [Pref. aPon + OE. baft, baften, +biaften, AS.?; be by + ? behind. See After, Aft, By.] +(Naut.) Behind; toward the stern from; as, abaft the +wheelhouse. + Abaft the beam. See under Beam. + AObaft6, adv. (Naut.) Toward the stern; aft; as, to go +abaft. + AObai6sance (?), n. [For obeisance; confused with F. +abaisser, E. abase] Obeisance. [Obs.] +Jonson. + AObai6ser (?), n. Ivory black or animal charcoal. +Weale. + <p. 2> + + AObaist6 (?), p.p. Abashed; confounded; discomfited. +[Obs.] +Chaucer. + AbOal6ienOate (?), v.t. [L. abalienatus, p.p. of +abalienare; ab + alienus foreign, alien. See Alien.] 1. +(Civil Law) To transfer the title of from one to another; to +alienate. + 2. To estrange; to withdraw. [Obs.] + 3. To cause alienation of (mind). +Sandys. + AbOal7ienOa6tion (?), n. [L. abalienatio: cf. F. +abalianation.] The act of abalienating; alienation; +estrangement. [Obs.] + XAb7aOlo6ne (?), n. (Zol.) A univalve mollusk of the +genus Haliotis. The shell is lined with motherPofPpearl, and +used for ornamental purposes; the seaPear. Several large +species are found on the coast of California, clinging +closely to the rocks. + AOband6 (?), v.t. [Contracted from abandon.] + 1. To abandon. [Obs.] + Enforced the kingdom to aband. +Spenser. + 2. To banish; to expel. [Obs.] +Mir. for Mag. + AOban6don (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Abandoned (?); p.pr. & +vb.n. Abandoning .] [OF. abandoner, F.abandonner; a (L. +ad)+bandon permission, authority, LL. bandum, bannum, public +proclamation, interdiction, bannire to proclaim, summon: of +Germanic origin; cf. Goth. bandwjan to show by signs, to +designate OHG. banproclamation. The word meant to proclaim, +put under a ban, put under control; hence, as in OE., to +compel, subject, or to leave in the control of another, and +hence, to give up. See Ban.] 1. To cast or drive out; to +banish; to expel; to reject. [Obs.] + That he might ... abandon them from him. +Udall. + Being all this time abandoned from your bed. +Shak. + 2. To give up absolutely; to forsake entirely ; to +renounce utterly; to relinquish all connection with or +concern on; to desert, as a person to whom one owes +allegiance or fidelity; to quit; to surrender. + Hope was overthrown, yet could not be abandoned. +I. Taylor. + 3. Reflexively : To give (one's self) up without attempt +at selfPcontrol ; to yield (one's self) unrestrainedly ; P +often in a bad sense. + He abandoned himself ... to his favorite vice. +Macaulay. + 4. (Mar. Law) To relinquish all claim to; P used when an +insured person gives up to underwriters all claim to the +property covered by a policy, which may remain after loss or +damage by a peril insured against. + Syn.P To give up; yield; forego; cede; surrender; +resign; abdicate; quit; relinquish; renounce; desert; +forsake; leave; retire; withdraw from. P To Abandon, Desert, +Forsake. These words agree in representing a person as +giving up or leaving some object, but differ as to the mode +of doing it. The distinctive sense of abandon is that of +giving up a thing absolutely and finally; as, to abandon +one's friends, places, opinions, good or evil habits, a +hopeless enterprise, a shipwrecked vessel. Abandon is more +widely applicable than forsake or desert. The Latin +original of desert appears to have been originally applied +to the case of deserters from military service. Hence, the +verb, when used of persons in the active voice, has usually +or always a bad sense, implying some breach of fidelity, +honor, etc., the leaving of something which the person +should rightfully stand by and support; as, to desert one's +colors, to desert one's post, to desert one's principles or +duty. When used in the passive, the sense is not necessarily +bad; as, the fields were deserted, a deserted village, +deserted halls. Forsake implies the breaking off of previous +habit, association, personal connection, or that the thing +left had been familiar or frequented; as, to forsake old +friends, to forsake the paths of rectitude, the blood +forsook his cheeks. It may be used either in a good or in a +bad sense. + AOban6don, n. [F. abandon. fr. abandonner. See Abandon, +v.] Abandonment; relinquishment. [Obs.] + XA7ban7don6 (?), n. [F. See Abandon.] A complete giving +up to natural impulses; freedom from artificial constraint; +careless freedom or ease. + AOban6doned (?), a. 1. Forsaken, deserted. =Your +abandoned streams.8 +Thomson. + 2. SelfPabandoned, or given up to vice; extremely +wicked, or sinning without restraint; irreclaimably wicked ; +as, an abandoned villain. + Syn.P Profligate; dissolute; corrupt; vicious; depraved; +reprobate; wicked; unprincipled; graceless; vile. P +Abandoned, Profligate, Reprobate. These adjectives agree in +expressing the idea of great personal depravity. Profligate +has reference to open and shameless immoralities, either in +private life or political conduct; as, a profligate court, a +profligate ministry. Abandoned is stronger, and has +reference to the searing of conscience and hardening of +heart produced by a man's giving himself wholly up to +iniquity; as, a man of abandoned character. Reprobate +describes the condition of one who has become insensible to +reproof, and who is morally abandoned and lost beyond hope +of recovery. + God gave them over to a reprobate mind. +Rom. i. 28. + AOban6donedOly, adv. Unrestrainedly. + AOban7donOee6 (?), n. (Law) One to whom anything is +legally abandoned. + AOban6donOer (?), n. One who abandons. +Beau. & Fl. + AOban6donOment (?), n. [Cf. F. abandonnement.] + 1. The act of abandoning, or the state of being +abandoned; total desertion; relinquishment. + The abandonment of the independence of Europe. +Burke. + 2. (Mar. Law) The relinquishment by the insured to the +underwriters of what may remain of the property insured +after a loss or damage by a peril insured against. + 3. (Com. Law) (a) The relinquishment of a right, claim, +or privilege, as to mill site, etc. (b) The voluntary +leaving of a person to whom one is bound by a special +relation, as a wife, husband, or child; desertion. + 4. Careless freedom or ease; abandon. [R.] +Carlyle. + XAOban6Odum (?), n. [LL. See Abandon.] (Law) Anything +forfeited or confiscated. + Ab6aOnet (?), n. See Abnet. + XAOban6ga (?), n. [Name given by the negroes in the +island of St. Thomas.] A West Indian palm; also the fruit of +this palm, the seeds of which are used as a remedy for +diseases of the chest. + Ab7anOna6tion (?), Ab7anOnition (?),} n. [LL. abannatio; +ad + LL. bannire to banish.] (Old Law) Banishment. [Obs.] +Bailey. + Ab7arOtic7uOla6tion (?), n. [L. ab + E. articulation : +cf. F. abarticulation . See Article.] (Anat.) Articulation, +usually that kind of articulation which admits of free +motion in the joint; diarthrosis. +Coxe. + AObase6 (?), v.t. [imp.&p.p. Abased (?); p.pr. & vb. n. +Abasing.] [F. abaisser, LL. abassare, abbassare ; ad + +bassare, fr. bassus low. See Base, a.] + 1. To lower or depress; to throw or cast down; as, to +abase the eye. [Archaic] +Bacon. + Saying so, he abased his lance. +Shelton. + 2. To cast down or reduce low or lower, as in rank, +office, condition in life, or estimation of worthiness; to +depress; to humble; to degrade. + Whosoever exalteth himself shall be abased. +Luke xiv.ll. + Syn.P To Abase, Debase, Degrade. These words agree in +the idea of bringing down from a higher to a lower state. +Abase has reference to a bringing down in condition or +feelings; as to abase one's self before God. Debase has +reference to the bringing down of a thing in purity, or +making it base. It is, therefore, always used in a bad +sense, as, to debase the coin of the kingdom, to debase the +mind by vicious indulgence, to debase one's style by coarse +or vulgar expressions. Degrade has reference to a bringing +down from some higher grade or from some standard. Thus, a +priest is degraded from the clerical office. When used in a +moral sense, it denotes a bringing down in character and +just estimation; as, degraded by intemperance, a degrading +employment, etc. =Art is degraded when it is regarded only +as a trade.8 + AObased6 (?), a. 1. Lowered; humbled. + 2. (Her.) [F. abaiss.] Borne lower than usual, as a +fess; also, having the ends of the wings turned downward +towards the point of the shield. + AObas6edOly (?), adv. Abjectly; downcastly. + AObase6ment (?), n. [Cf. F. abaissement.] The act of +abasing, humbling, or bringing low; the state of being +abased or humbled; humiliation. + AObas6er (?), n. He who, or that which, abases. + AObash6 (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Abashed (?); p.pr. & vb. +n. Abashing.] [OE. abaissen, abaisshen, abashen, OF.esbahir, +F. bahir, to astonish, fr. L. ex + the interjection bah, +expressing astonishment. In OE. somewhat confused with +abase. Cf. Finish.] To destroy the selfPpossession of; to +confuse or confound, as by exciting suddenly a consciousness +of guilt, mistake, or inferiority; to put to shame; to +disconcert; to discomfit. + Abashed, the devil stood, + And felt how awful goodness is. +Milton. + He was a man whom no check could abash. +Macaulay. + Syn.P To confuse; confound; disconcert; shame. P To +Abash, Confuse, Confound. Abash is a stronger word than +confuse, but not so strong as confound. We are abashed when +struck either with sudden shame or with a humbling sense of +inferiority; as, Peter was abashed in the presence of those +who are greatly his superiors. We are confused when, from +some unexpected or startling occurrence, we lose clearness +of thought and selfPpossession. Thus, a witness is often +confused by a severe crossPexamination; a timid person is +apt to be confused in entering a room full of strangers. We +are confounded when our minds are overwhelmed, as it were, +by something wholly unexpected, amazing, dreadful, etc., so +that we have nothing to say. Thus, a criminal is usually +confounded at the discovery of his guilt. + Satan stood + Awhile as mute, confounded what to say. +Milton. + AObash6edOly (?), adv. In an abashed manner. + AObash6ment (?), n. [Cf. F. bahissement.] The state of +being abashed; confusion from shame. + XAObas6si (?), XAObas6sis (?),} n. [Ar.& Per.?, +belonging to Abas (a king of Persia).] A silver coin of +Persia, worth about twenty cents. + AObat6aOble (?), a. Capable of being abated; as, an +abatable writ or nuisance. + AObate6 (?), v.t. [imp.& p.p. Abated, p.pr.& vb.n. +Abating.] [OF. abatre to beat down, F. abattre, LL. abatere; +ab or ad + batere, battere (popular form for L. batuere to +beat). Cf. Bate, Batter.] + 1. To beat down; to overthrow. [Obs.] + The King of Scots ... sore abated the walls. +Edw.Hall. + 2. To bring down or reduce from a higher to a lower +state, number, or degree; to lessen; to diminish; to +contract; to moderate; toto cut short; as, to abate a +demand; to abate pride, zeal, hope. + His eye was not dim, nor his natural force abated. +Deut.xxxiv.7. + 3. To deduct; to omit; as, to abate something from a +price. + Nine thousand parishes, abating the odd hundreds. +Fuller. + 4. To blunt. [Obs.] + To abate the edge of envy. +Bacon. + 5. To reduce in estimation; to deprive. [Obs.] + She hath abated me of half my train. +Shak. + 6. (Law) (a) To bring entirely down or put an end to; to +do away with; as, to abate a nuisance, to abate a writ. (b) +(Eng. Law) To diminish; to reduce. Legacies are liable to be +abated entirely or in proportion, upon a deficiency of +assets. + To abate a tax, to remit it either wholly or in part. + AObate6 (?), v.i. [See Abate, v.t.] 1. To decrease, or +become less in strength or violence; as, pain abates, a +storm abates. + The fury of Glengarry ... rapidly abated. +Macaulay. + 2. To be defeated, or come to naught; to fall through; +to fail; as, a writ abates. + To abate into a freehold, To abate in lands (Law), to +enter into a freehold after the death of the last possessor, +and before the heir takes possession. See Abatement, 4. + Syn.P To subside; decrease; intermit; decline; diminish; +lessen. P To Abate, Subside. These words, as here compared, +imply a coming down from some previously raised or exited +state. Abate expresses this in respect to degrees, and +implies a diminution of force or of intensity; as, the storm +abates, the cold abates, the force of the wind abates; or, +the wind abates, a fever abates. Subside (to settle down) +has reference to a previous state of agitation or commotion; +as, the waves subside after a storm, the wind subsides into +a calm. When the words are used figuratively, the same +distinction should be observed. If we conceive of a thing as +having different degrees of intensity or strength, the word +to be used is abate. Thus we say, a man's anger abates, the +ardor of one's love abates, =Winter rage abates8. But if the +image be that of a sinking down into quiet from preceding +excitement or commotion, the word to be used is subside; as, +the tumult of the people subsides, the public mind subsided +into a calm. The same is the case with those emotions which +are tumultuous in their nature; as, his passion subsides, +his joy quickly subsided, his grief subsided into a pleasing +melancholy. Yet if, in such cases, we were thinking of the +degree of violence of the emotion, we might use abate; as, +his joy will abate in the progress of time; and so in other +instances. + AObate (?), n. Abatement. [Obs.] +Sir T.Browne. + AObate6ment (?), n. [OF. abatement , F. abattement.] 1. +The act of abating, or the state of being abated; a +lessening, diminution, or reduction; removal or putting an +end to; as, the abatement of a nuisance is the suppression +thereof. + 2. The amount abated; that which is taken away by way of +reduction; deduction; decrease; a rebate or discount +allowed. + 3. (Her.) A mark of dishonor on an escutcheon. + 4. (Law) The entry of a stranger, without right, into a +freehold after the death of the last possessor, before the +heir or devisee. +Blackstone. + Defense in abatement, Plea in abatement, (Law), plea to +the effect that from some formal defect ( e.g. misnomer, +want of jurisdiction) the proceedings should be abated. + AObat6er (?), n. One who, or that which, abates. + Ab6aOtis, Aba6tOtis,} (?) n. [F. abatis, abattis, mass +of things beaten or cut down, fr. abattre. See Abate.] +(Fort.) A means of defense formed by felled trees, the ends +of whose branches are sharpened and directed outwards, or +against the enemy. + Ab6aOtised (?), a. Provided with an abatis. + AOba6tor (?), n. (Law) (a) One who abates a nuisance. +(b) A person who, without right, enters into a freehold on +the death of the last possessor, before the heir or devisee. +Blackstone. + XA7bat7toir6 (?), n.; pl. Abattoirs (?). [F., fr. +abattre to beat down. See Abate.] A public slaughterhouse +for cattle, sheep, etc. + Ab6aOture (?), n. [F. abatture, fr. abattre. See Abate.] +Grass and sprigs beaten or trampled down by a stag passing +through them. +Crabb. + XA7bat7voix6 (?), n. [F. abattre to beat down + voix +voice.] The soundingPboard over a pulpit or rostrum. + AbOawed6 (?), p.p. [Perh. p.p. of a verb fr. OF. abaubir +to frighten, disconcert, fr. L. ad + balbus stammering.] +Astonished; abashed. [Obs.] +Chaucer. + AbOax6iOal (?), AbOax6ile (?),} a. [L. ab + axis axle.] +(Bot.) Away from the axis or central line; eccentric. +Balfour. + AObay6 (?), n. [OF. abay barking.] Barking; baying of +dogs upon their prey. See Bay. [Obs.] + Abb (?), n. [AS. ?; pref. aP + web. See Web.] Among +weaves, yarn for the warp. Hence, abb wool is wool for the +abb. + Ab6ba (?), n. [Syriac ? father. See Abbot.] Father; +religious superior; P in the Syriac, Coptic, and Ethiopic +churches, a title given to the bishops, and by the bishops +to the patriarch. + Ab6baOcy (?), n.; pl. Abbacies (?). [L. abbatia, fr. +abbas, abbatis, abbot. See Abbey.] The dignity, estate, or +jurisdiction of an abbot. + AbOba6tial (?), a. [LL. abbatialis : cf. F. abbatial.] +Belonging to an abbey; as, abbatial rights. + AbObat6icOal (?), a. Abbatial. [Obs.] + XAb6b7 (?), n.[F. abb. See Abbot.] The French word +answering to the English abbot, the head of an abbey; but +commonly a title of respect given in France to every one +vested with the ecclesiastical habit or dress. +Littr. + 5 After the 16th century, the name was given, in social +parlance, to candidates for some priory or abbey in the gift +of the crown. Many of these aspirants became well known in +literary and fashionable life. By further extension, the +name came to be applied to unbeneficed secular ecclesiastics +generally. + Ab6bess (?), n. [OF.abaesse, abeesse, F. abbesse, L. +abbatissa, fem. of abbas, abbatis, abbot. See Abbot.] A +female superior or governess of a nunnery, or convent of +nuns, having the same authority over the nuns which the +abbots have over the monks. See Abbey. + Ab6bey (?), n.; pl. Abbeys (?). [OF. aba e, F. abbaye, +L. abbatia, fr. abbas abbot. See Abbot.] 1. A monastery or +society of persons of either sex, secluded from the world +and devoted to religion and celibacy; also, the monastic +building or buildings. + 5 The men are called monks, and governed by an abbot; +the women are called nuns, and governed by an abbess. + 2. The church of a monastery. + + <-- p. 3 --> + + In London, the Abbey means Westminster Abbey, and in +Scotland, the precincts of the Abbey of Holyrood. The name +is also retained for a private residence on the site of an +abbey; as, Newstead Abbey, the residence of Lord Byron. + Syn.P Monastery; convent; nunnery; priory; cloister. See +Cloister. + + Ab6bot (?), n. [AS. abbod, abbad, L. abbas, abbatis, Gr. +?, fr. Syriac ? father. Cf. Abba, Abb.] + 1. The superior or head of an abbey. + 2. One of a class of bishops whose sees were formerly +abbeys. +Encyc.Brit. + Abbot of the people, a title formerly given to one of +the chief magistrates in Genoa. P Abbot of Misrule (or Lord +of Misrule), in medival times, the master of revels, as at +Christmas; in Scotland called the Abbot of Unreason. +Encyc.Brit. + +Ab6botOship (?), n. [Abbot + Oship.] The state or office of +an abbot. +AbObre6viOate (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Abbreviated (?); p.pr. +& vb.n. Abbreviating.] [L. abbreviatus, p.p. of abbreviare; +ad + breviare to shorten, fr. brevis short. See Abridge.] 1. +To make briefer; to shorten; to abridge; to reduce by +contraction or omission, especially of words written or +spoken. +It is one thing to abbreviate by contracting, another by +cutting off. +Bacon. +2. (Math.) To reduce to lower terms, as a fraction. +AbObre6viOate (?), a. [L. abbreviatus, p.p.] 1. Abbreviated; +abridged; shortened. [R.] =The abbreviate form.8 +Earle. +2. (Biol.) Having one part relatively shorter than another +or than the ordinary type. +AbObre6viOate, n. An abridgment. [Obs.] +Elyot. +AbObre6viOa7ted (?), a. Shortened; relatively short; +abbreviate. +AbObre7viOa6tion (?), n. [LL. abbreviatio: cf. F. +abbrviation.] 1. The act of shortening, or reducing. +2. The result of abbreviating; an abridgment. +Tylor. +3. The form to which a word or phrase is reduced by +contraction and omission; a letter or letters, standing for +a word or phrase of which they are a part; as, Gen. for +Genesis; U.S.A. for United States of America. +4. (Mus.) One dash, or more, through the stem of a note, +dividing it respectively into quavers, semiquavers, or +demiPsemiquavers. +Moore. +AbObre6viOa7tor (?), n. [LL.: cf. F. abbrviateur.] 1. One +who abbreviates or shortens. +2. One of a college of seventyPtwo officers of the papal +court whose duty is to make a short minute of a decision on +a petition, or reply of the pope to a letter, and afterwards +expand the minute into official form. +AbObre6viOaOtoOry (?), a. Serving or tending to abbreviate; +shortening; abridging. +AbObre6viOaOture (?), n. 1. An abbreviation; an abbreviated +state or form. [Obs.] +2. An abridgment; a compendium or abstract. +This is an excellent abbreviature of the whole duty of a +Christian. +Jer. Taylor. +Abb6 wool (?). See Abb. +A B C6 (?). 1. The first three letters of the alphabet, used +for the whole alphabet. +2. A primer for teaching the alphabet and first elements of +reading. [Obs.] +3. The simplest rudiments of any subject; as, the A B Cof +finance. +A B C book, a primer. +Shak. +XAb6dal (?), n. [Ar. badFl, pl. abd>l, a substitute, a good, +religious man, saint, fr. badalato change, substitute.] A +religious devotee or dervish in Persia. +AbOde6riOan (?), a. [From Abdera, a town in Thrace, of which +place Democritus, the Laughing Philosopher, was a native.] +Given to laughter; inclined to foolish or incessant +merriment. +AbOde6rite (?), n. [L. Abderita, Abderites, fr. Gr. '?.] An +inhabitant of Abdera, in Thrace. +The Abderite, Democritus, the Laughing Philosopher. +Ab6dest (?), n. [Per. >bdast; ab water + dast hand.] +Purification by washing the hands before prayer; P a +Mohammedan rite. +Heyse. +Ab6diOcaOble (?), a. Capable of being abdicated. +Ab6diOcant (?), a. [L. abdicans, p.pr. of abdicare.] +Abdicating; renouncing; P followed by of. +Monks abdicant of their orders. +Whitlock. +Ab6diOcant, n. One who abdicates. +Smart. +Ab6diOcate (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Abdicated (?); p.pr. & +vb.n. Abdicating.] [L. abdicatus, p.p. of abdicare; ab + +dicare to proclaim, akin to dicere to say. See Diction.] 1. +To surrender or relinquish, as sovereign power; to withdraw +definitely from filling or exercising, as a high office, +station, dignity; as, to abdicate the throne, the crown, the +papacy. +5 The word abdicate was held to mean, in the case of James +II., to abandon without a formal surrender. +The crossPbearers abdicated their service. +Gibbon. +2. To renounce; to relinquish; P said of authority, a trust, +duty, right, etc. +He abdicates all right to be his own governor. +Burke. +The understanding abdicates its functions. +Froude. +3. To reject; to cast off. [Obs.] +Bp. Hall. +4. (Civil Law) To disclaim and expel from the family, as a +father his child; to disown; to disinherit. +Syn. - To give up; quit; vacate; relinquish; forsake; +abandon; resign; renounce; desert. P To Abdicate, Resign. +Abdicate commonly expresses the act of a monarch in +voluntary and formally yielding up sovereign authority; as, +to abdicate the government. Resign is applied to the act of +any person, high or low, who gives back an office or trust +into the hands of him who conferred it. Thus, a minister +resigns, a military officer resigns, a clerk resigns. The +expression, =The king resigned his crown,8 sometimes occurs +in our later literature, implying that he held it from his +people. P There are other senses of resign which are not +here brought into view. +Ab6diOcate (?), v.i. To relinquish or renounce a throne, or +other high office or dignity. +Though a king may abdicate for his own person, he cannot +abdicate for the monarchy. +Burke. +Ab7diOca6tion (?), n. [L. abdicatio: cf. F. abdication.] The +act of abdicating; the renunciation of a high office, +dignity, or trust, by its holder; commonly the voluntary +renunciation of sovereign power; as, abdication of the +throne, government, power, authority. +Ab6diOcaOtive (?), a. [L. abdicativus.] Causing, or +implying, abdication. [R.] +Bailey. +Ab6diOca7tor (?), n. One who abdicates. +Ab6diOtive (?), a. [L. abditivus, fr. abdereto hide.] +Having the quality of hiding. [R.] +Bailey. +Ab6diOtoOry (?), n. [L. abditorium.] A place for hiding or +preserving articles of value. +Cowell. +AbOdo6men (?), n. [L. abdomen (a word of uncertain etymol.): +cf. F. abdomen.] 1. (Anat.) The belly, or that part of the +body between the thorax and the pelvis. Also, the cavity of +the belly, which is lined by the peritoneum, and contains +the stomach, bowels, and other viscera. In man, often +restricted to the part between the diaphragm and the +commencement of the pelvis, the remainder being called the +pelvic cavity. +2. (Zol.) The posterior section of the body, behind the +thorax, in insects, crustaceans, and other Arthropoda. +AbOdom6iOnal (?), a. [Cf. F. abdominal.] 1. Of or pertaining +to the abdomen; ventral; as, the abdominal regions, muscles, +cavity. +2. (Zol.) Having abdominal fins; belonging to the +Abdominales; as, abdominal fishes. +Abdominal ring (Anat.), a fancied ringlike opening on each +side of the abdomen, external and superior to the pubes; P +called also inguinal ring. +AbOdom6iOnal, n.; E. pl. Abdominals, L. pl. Abdominales. A +fish of the group Abdominales. +XAbOdom7iOna6les (?), n. pl. [NL., masc. pl.] (Zol.) A +group including the greater part of freshPwater fishes, and +many marine ones, having the ventral fins under the abdomen +behind the pectorals. +XAbOdom7iOna6liOa (?), n. pl. [NL., neut. pl.] (Zol.) A +group of cirripeds having abdominal appendages. +AbOdom7iOnos6coOpy (?), n. [L. abdomen + Gr. ? to examine.] +(Med.) Examination of the abdomen to detect abdominal +disease. +AbOdom7iOnoOthoOrac6ic (?), a. Relating to the abdomen and +the thorax, or chest. +AbOdom6iOnous (?), a. Having a protuberant belly; +potPbellied. +Gorgonius sits, abdominous and wan, +Like a fat squab upon a Chinese fan. +Cowper. +AbOduce6 (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Abduced (?); p.pr. & vb.n. +Abducing.] [L. abducereto lead away; ab + ducere to lead. +See Duke, and cf. Abduct.] To draw or conduct away; to +withdraw; to draw to a different part. [Obs. or Archaic] +If we abduce the eye unto corner, the object will not +duplicate. +Sir T.Browne. +AbOdu6cent (?), a. [L. abducens, p.pr. of abducere.] +(Physiol.) Drawing away from a common center, or out of the +median line; as, the abducent muscles. Opposed to adducent. +AbOduct6 (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Abducted (?); p.pr. & vb.n. +Abducting.] [L. abductus, p.p. of abducere. See Abduce.] 1. +To take away surreptitiously by force; to carry away (a +human being) wrongfully and usually by violence; to kidnap. +2. To draw away, as a limb or other part, from its ordinary +position. +AbOduc6tion (?), n. [L. abductio: cf. F. abduction.] 1. The +act of abducing or abducting; a drawing apart; a carrying +away. +Roget. +2. (Physiol.) The movement which separates a limb or other +part from the axis, or middle line, of the body. +3. (Law) The wrongful, and usually the forcible, carrying +off of a human being; as, the abduction of a child, the +abduction of an heiress. +4. (Logic) A syllogism or form of argument in which the +major is evident, but the minor is only probable. +AbOduc6tor (?), n. [NL.] 1. One who abducts. +2. (Anat.) A muscle which serves to draw a part out, or form +the median line of the body; as, the abductor oculi, which +draws the eye outward. +AObeam6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + beam.] (Naut.) On the beam, +that is, on a line which forms a right angle with the ship's +keel; opposite to the center of the ship's side. +AObear6 (?), v.t. [AS. >beran; pref. >O + beran to bear.] 1. +To bear; to behave. [Obs.] +So did the faery knight himself abear. +Spenser. +2. To put up with; to endure. [Prov.] +Dickens. +AObear6ance (?), n. Behavior. [Obs.] +Blackstone. +AObear6ing, n. Behavior. [Obs.] +Sir. T.More. +A7beOceOda6riOan (?), n. [L. abecedarius. A word from the +first four letters of the alphabet.] 1. One who is learning +the alphabet; hence, a tyro. +2. One engaged in teaching the alphabet. +Wood. +A7beOceOda6riOan, A7beOce6daOry (?), } a. Pertaining to, or +formed by, the letters of the alphabet; alphabetic; hence, +rudimentary. +Abecedarian psalms, hymns, etc., compositions in which (like +the 119th psalm in Hebrew) distinct portions or verses +commence with successive letters of the alphabet. +Hook. +A7beOce6daOry (?), n. A primer; the first principle or +rudiment of anything. [R.] +Fuller. +AObed6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO in, on + bed.] 1. In bed, or on +the bed. +Not to be abed after midnight. +Shak. +2. To childbed (in the phrase =brought abed,8 that is, +delivered of a child). +Shak. +AObeg6ge (?). Same as Aby. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AObele6 (?), n. [D. abeel (abeelPboom), OF. abel, aubel, fr. +a dim. of L. albus white.] The white polar (Populus alba). +Six abeles i' the churchyard grow. +Mrs. Browning. +AObel6iOan (?), A6belOite (?), A7belOo6niOan (?), } n. +(Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect in Africa (4th century), +mentioned by St. Augustine, who states that they married, +but lived in continence, after the manner, as they +pretended, of Abel. +A6belOmosk7 (?), n. [NL. abelmoschus, fr. Ar. abuPlPmisk +father of musk, i.e., producing musk. See Musk.] (Bot.) An +evergreen shrub (Hibiscus P formerly AbelmoschusPmoschatus), +of the East and West Indies and Northern Africa, whose musky +seeds are used in perfumery and to flavor coffee; P +sometimes called musk mallow. +Ab7 erPdePvine6 (?), n. (Zol.) The European siskin +(Carduelis spinus), a small green and yellow finch, related +to the goldfinch. +AbOerr6 (?), v.i. [L. aberrare. See Aberrate.] To wander; to +stray. [Obs.] +Sir T.Browne. +AbOer6rance (?), AbOer6ranOcy (?), } n. State of being +aberrant; a wandering from the right way; deviation from +truth, rectitude, etc. +Aberrancy of curvature (Geom.), the deviation of a curve +from a circular form. +AbOer6rant (?), a. [L. aberrans, Orantis, p.pr. of +aberrare.] See Aberr.] 1. Wandering; straying from the right +way. +2. (Biol.) Deviating from the ordinary or natural type; +exceptional; abnormal. +The more aberrant any form is, the greater must have been +the number of connecting forms which, on my theory, have +been exterminated. +Darwin. +Ab6erOrate (?), v.i. [L. aberratus, p.pr. of aberrare; ab + +errare to wander. See Err.] To go astray; to diverge. [R.] +Their own defective and aberrating vision. +De Quincey. +Ab7erOra6tion (?), n. [L. aberratio: cf. F. aberration. See +Aberrate.] 1. The act of wandering; deviation, especially +from truth or moral rectitude, from the natural state, or +from a type. =The aberration of youth.8 Hall. =Aberrations +from theory.8 Burke. +2. A partial alienation of reason. =Occasional aberrations +of intellect.8 Lingard. +Whims, which at first are the aberrations of a single brain, +pass with heat into epidemic form. +I.Taylor. +3. (Astron.) A small periodical change of position in the +stars and other heavenly bodies, due to the combined effect +of the motion of light and the motion of the observer; +called annual aberration, when the observer's motion is that +of the earth in its orbit, and dairy or diurnal aberration, +when of the earth on its axis; amounting when greatest, in +the former case, to 20.4'', and in the latter, to 0.3''. +Planetaryaberration is that due to the motion of light and +the motion of the planet relative to the earth. +4. (Opt.) The convergence to different foci, by a lens or +mirror, of rays of light emanating from one and the same +point, or the deviation of such rays from a single focus; +called spherical aberration, when due to the spherical form +of the lens or mirror, such form giving different foci for +central and marginal rays; and chromatic aberration, when +due to different refrangibilities of the colored rays of the +spectrum, those of each color having a distinct focus. +5. (Physiol.) The passage of blood or other fluid into parts +not appropriate for it. +6. (Law) The producing of an unintended effect by the +glancing of an instrument, as when a shot intended for A +glances and strikes B. +Syn. - Insanity; lunacy; madness; derangement; alienation; +mania; dementia; hallucination; illusion; delusion. See +Insanity. +Ab7erOra6tionOal (?), a. Characterized by aberration. +Ab7eOrun6cate (?), v.t. [L. aberuncare, for aberruncare. See +Averruncate.] To weed out. [Obs.] +Bailey. +Ab7eOrun6caOtor (?), n. A weeding machine. +AObet6 (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Abetted (?); p.pr. & vb.n. +Abetting.] [OF. abeter; a (L. ad) + beter to bait (as a +bear), fr. Icel. beita to set dogs on, to feed, originally, +to cause to bite, fr. Icel. bFtato bite, hence to bait, to +incite. See Bait, Bet.] 1. To instigate or encourage by aid +or countenance; P used in a bad sense of persons and acts; +as, to abet an illPdoer; to abet one in his wicked courses; +to abet vice; to abet an insurrection. =The whole tribe +abets the villany.8 +South. +Would not the fool abet the stealth, +Who rashly thus exposed his wealth? +Gay. +2. To support, uphold, or aid; to maintain; P in a good +sense. [Obs.]r duty is urged, and our confidence abetted. +Jer. Taylor. +3. (Law)To contribute, as an assistant or instigator, to the +commission of an offense. +Syn. - To incite; instigate; set on; egg on; foment; +advocate; countenance; encourage; second; uphold; aid; +assist; support; sustain; back; connive at. +AObet6 (?), n. [OF. abet, fr. abeter.] Act of abetting; aid. +[Obs.] +Chaucer. +AObet6ment (?), n. The act of abetting; as, an abetment of +treason, crime, etc. +AObet6tal (?), n. Abetment. [R.] + + +<-- p. 4 --> + +AObet6ter, AObetOtor } (#), n. One who abets; an instigator +of an offense or an offender. +5 The form abettor is the legal term and also in general +use. +Syn. P Abettor, Accessory, Accomplice. These words denote +different degrees of complicity in some deed or crime. An +abettor is one who incites or encourages to the act, without +sharing in its performance. An accessory supposes a +principal offender. One who is neither the chief actor in an +offense, nor present at its performance, but accedes to or +becomes involved in its guilt, either by some previous or +subsequent act, as of instigating, encouraging, aiding, or +concealing, etc., is an accessory. An accomplice is one who +participates in the commission of an offense, whether as +principal or accessory. Thus in treason, there are no +abettors or accessories, but all are held to be principals +or accomplices. +Ab7eOvac6uOa6tion (#), n. [Pref. abO + evacuation.] (Med.) A +partial evacuation. +Mayne. +AObey6ance (#), n. [OF. abeance expectation, longing; a (L. +ad) + baer, beer, to gape, to look with open mouth, to +expect, F. bayer, LL. badare to gape.] 1. (Law) Expectancy; +condition of being undetermined. +5 When there is no person in existence in whom an +inheritance (or a dignity) can vest, it is said to be in +abeyance, that is, in expectation; the law considering it as +always potentially existing, and ready to vest whenever a +proper owner appears. +Blackstone. +2. Suspension; temporary suppression. +Keeping the sympathies of love and admiration in a dormant +state, or state of abeyance. +De Quincey. +AObey6anOcy (#), n. Abeyance. [R.] +Hawthorne. +AObey6ant (#), a. Being in a state of abeyance. +X Ab6hal (#), n. The berries of a species of cypress in the +East Indies. +AbOhom6iOnaOble (#), a. Abominable. [A false orthography +anciently used; h was foisted into various words; hence +abholish, for abolish, etc.] +This is abhominable, which he [Don Armado] would call +abominable. +Shak. Love's Labor's Lost, v. 1. +AbOhom7iOnal (#), a. [L. ab away from + homo, hominis, man.] +Inhuman. [Obs.] +Fuller. +AbOhor6 (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Abhorred (#); p. pr. & vb. +n. Abhorring.] [L. abhorrere; ab + horrere to bristle, +shiver, shudder: cf. F. abhorrer. See Horrid.] 1. To shrink +back with shuddering from; to regard with horror or +detestation; to feel excessive repugnance toward; to detest +to extremity; to loathe. +Abhor that which is evil; cleave to that which is good. +Rom. xii. 9. +2. To fill with horror or disgust. [Obs.] +It doth abhor me now I speak the word. +Shak. +3. (Canon Law) To protest against; to reject solemnly. +[Obs.] +I utterly abhor, yea, from my soul +Refuse you for my judge. +Shak. +Syn. P To hate; detest; loathe; abominate. See Hate. +AbOhor6, v. i. To shrink back with horror, disgust, or +dislike; to be contrary or averse; P with from. [Obs.] =To +abhor from those vices.8 +Udall. +Which is utterly abhorring from the end of all law. +Milton. +AbOhor6rence (#), n. Extreme hatred or detestation; the +feeling of utter dislike. +AbOhor6renOcy (#), n. Abhorrence. [Obs.] +Locke. +AbOhor6rent (#), a. [L. abhorens, Orentis, p. pr. of +abhorrere.] 1. Abhorring; detesting; having or showing +abhorrence; loathing; hence, strongly opposed to; as, +abhorrent thoughts. +The persons most abhorrent from blood and treason. +Burke. +The arts of pleasure in despotic courts +I spurn abhorrent. +Clover. +2. Contrary or repugnant; discordant; inconsistent; P +followed by to. =Injudicious profanation, so abhorrent to +our stricter principles.8 +Gibbon. +3. Detestable. =Pride, abhorrent as it is.8 +I. Taylor. +AbOhor6rentOly, adv. With abhorrence. +AbOhor6rer (#), n. One who abhors. +Hume. +AbOhor6riOble (#), a. Detestable. [R.] +AbOhor6ring (#), n. 1. Detestation. +Milton. +2. Object of abhorrence. +Isa. lxvi. 24. +X A6bib (#), n. [Heb. abFb, lit. an ear of corn. The month +was so called from barley being at that time in ear.] The +first month of the Jewish ecclesiastical year, corresponding +nearly to our April. After the Babylonish captivity this +month was called Nisan. +Kitto. +AObid6ance (#), n. The state of abiding; abode; continuance; +compliance (with). +The Christians had no longer abidance in the holy hill of +Palestine. +Fuller. +A judicious abidance by rules. +Helps. +AObide6 (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Abode (#), formerly Abid +(#); p. pr. & vb. n. Abiding (#).] [AS. >bFdan; pref. ? (cf. +Goth. usO, G. erO, orig. meaning out) + bFdan to bide. See +Bide.] 1. To wait; to pause; to delay. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +2. To stay; to continue in a place; to have one's abode; to +dwell; to sojourn; P with with before a person, and commonly +with at or in before a place. +Let the damsel abide with us a few days. +Gen. xxiv. 55. +3. To remain stable or fixed in some state or condition; to +continue; to remain. +Let every man abide in the same calling. +1 Cor. vii. 20. +Followed by by: To abide by. (a) To stand to; to adhere; to +maintain. +The poor fellow was obstinate enough to abide by what he +said at first. +Fielding. +(b) To acquiesce; to conform to; as, to abide by a decision +or an award. +AObide6, v. t. 1. To wait for; to be prepared for; to await; +to watch for; as, I abide my time. =I will abide the coming +of my lord.8 +Tennyson. +[Obs., with a personal object.] +Bonds and afflictions abide me. +Acts xx. 23. +2. To endure; to sustain; to submit to. +[Thou] shalt abide her judgment on it. +Tennyson. +3. To bear patiently; to tolerate; to put up with. +She could not abide Master Shallow. +Shak. +4. [Confused with aby to pay for. See Aby.] To stand the +consequences of; to answer for; to suffer for. +Dearly I abide that boast so vain. +Milton. +AObid6er (#), n. 1. One who abides, or continues. [Obs.] +=Speedy goers and strong abiders.8 +Sidney. +2. One who dwells; a resident. +Speed. +AObid6ing, a. Continuing; lasting. +AObid6ingOly, adv. Permanently. +Carlyle. +X A6biOes (#), n. [L., fir tree.] (Bot.) A genus of +coniferous trees, properly called Fir, as the balsam fir and +the silver fir. The spruces are sometimes also referred to +this genus. +Ab6iOeOtene (#), n. [L. abies, abietis, a fir tree.] A +volatile oil distilled from the resin or balsam of the nut +pine (Pinus sabiniana) of California. +Ab7iOet6ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to the fir tree or its +products; as, abietic acid, called also sylvic acid. +Watts. +Ab6iOeOtin, Ab6iOeOtine } (#), n. [See Abietene.] (Chem.) A +resinous obtained from Strasburg turpentine or Canada +balsam. It is without taste or smell, is insoluble in water, +but soluble in alcohol (especially at the boiling point), in +strong acetic acid, and in ether. +Watts. +Ab7iOtin6ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to abietin; as, +abietinic acid. +Ab6iOtite (#), n. (Chem.) A substance resembling mannite, +found in the needles of the common silver fir of Europe +(Abies pectinata). +Eng. Cyc. +Ab6iOgail (#), n. [The proper name used as an appellative.] +A lady's waitingPmaid. +Pepys. +Her abigail reported that Mrs. Gutheridge had a set of night +curls for sleeping in. +Leslie. +AObil6iOment (#), n. Habiliment. [Obs.] +AObil6iOty (#), n.; pl. Abilities (#). [F. habilet, earlier +spelling habilit (with silent h), L. habilitas aptitude, +ability, fr. habilis apt. See Able.] The quality or state of +being able; power to perform, whether physical, moral, +intellectual, conventional, or legal; capacity; skill or +competence in doing; sufficiency of strength, skill, +resources, etc.; P in the plural, faculty, talent. +Then the disciples, every man according to his ability, +determined to send relief unto the brethren. +Acts xi. 29. +Natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning +by study. +Bacon. +The public men of England, with much of a peculiar kind of +ability. +Macaulay. +Syn. P Capacity; talent; cleverness; faculty; capability; +efficiency; aptitude; aptness; address; dexterity; skill. +Ability, Capacity. These words come into comparison when +applied to the higher intellectual powers. Ability has +reference to the active exercise of our faculties. It +implies not only native vigor of mind, but that ease and +promptitude of execution which arise from mental training. +Thus, we speak of the ability with which a book is written, +an argument maintained, a negotiation carried on, etc. It +always something to be done, and the power of doing it. +Capacity has reference to the receptive powers. In its +higher exercises it supposes great quickness of apprehension +and breadth of intellect, with an uncommon aptitude for +acquiring and retaining knowledge. Hence it carries with it +the idea of resources and undeveloped power. Thus we speak +of the extraordinary capacity of such men as Lord Bacon, +Blaise Pascal, and Edmund Burke. =Capacity,8 says H. Taylor, +=is requisite to devise, and ability to execute, a great +enterprise.8 The word abilities, in the plural, embraces +both these qualities, and denotes high mental endowments. +AObime6 or AObyme6 (#), n. [F. ab me. See Abysm.] A abyss. +[Obs.] +Ab7iOoOgen6eOsis (#), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? life + ?, origin, +birth.] (Biol.) The supposed origination of living organisms +from lifeless matter; such genesis as does not involve the +action of living parents; spontaneous generation; P called +also abiogeny, and opposed to biogenesis. +I shall call the... doctrine that living matter may be +produced by not living matter, the hypothesis of +abiogenesis. +Huxley, 1870. +Ab7iOoOgeOnet6ic (#), a. (Biol.) Of or pertaining to +abiogenesis. P Ab7iOoOgeOnet6icOalOly (#), adv. +Ab7iOog6eOnist (#), n. (Biol.) One who believes that life +can be produced independently of antecedent. +Huxley. +Ab7iOog6eOnous (#), a. (Biol.) Produced by spontaneous +generation. +Ab7iOog6eOny (#), n. (Biol.) Same as Abiogenesis. +Ab7iOoOlog6icOal (#), a. [Gr. ? priv. + E. biological.] +Pertaining to the study of inanimate things. +AbOir6riOtant (#), n. (Med.) A medicine that diminishes +irritation. +AbOir6riOtate (#), v. t. [Pref. abO + irritate.] (Med.) To +diminish the sensibility of; to debilitate. +AbOir7riOta6tion (#), n. (Med.) A pathological condition +opposite to that of irritation; debility; want of strength; +asthenia. +AbOir6riOtaOtive (#), a. (Med.) Characterized by +abirritation or debility. +AObit6 (#), 3d sing. pres. of Abide. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +Ab6ject (#), a. [L. abjectus, p. p. of abjicere to throw +away; ab + jacere to throw. See Jet a shooting forth.] 1. +Cast down; lowPlying. [Obs.] +From the safe shore their floating carcasses +And broken chariot wheels; so thick bestrown +Abject and lost lay these, covering the flood. +Milton. +2. Sunk to a law condition; down in spirit or hope; +degraded; servile; groveling; despicable; as, abject +posture, fortune, thoughts. =Base and abject flatterers.8 +Addison. =An abject liar.8 Macaulay. +And banish hence these abject, lowly dreams. +Shak. +Syn. P Mean; groveling; cringing; meanPspirited; slavish; +ignoble; worthless; vile; beggarly; contemptible; degraded. +AbOject6 (#), v. t. [From Abject, a.] To cast off or down; +hence, to abase; to degrade; to lower; to debase. [Obs.] +Donne. +Ab6ject (#), n. A person in the lowest and most despicable +condition; a castaway. [Obs.] +Shall these abjects, these victims, these outcasts, know any +thing of pleasure? +I. Taylor. +AbOject6edOness (#), n. A very abject or low condition; +abjectness. [R.] + Boyle. + AbOjec6tion (#), n. [F. abjection, L. abjectio.] 1. The act +of bringing down or humbling. =The abjection of the king and +his realm.8 +Joe. +2. The state of being rejected or cast out. [R.] +An adjection from the beatific regions where God, and his +angels and saints, dwell forever. +Jer. Taylor. +3. A low or downcast state; meanness of spirit; abasement; +degradation. +That this should be termed baseness, abjection of mind, or +servility, is it credible? +Hooker. +Ab6jectOly (#), adv. Meanly; servilely. +Ab6jectOness, n. The state of being abject; abasement; +meanness; servility. +Grew. +AbOjudge6 (#), v. t. [Pref. abO + judge, v. Cf. Abjudicate.] +To take away by judicial decision. [R.] +AbOju6diOcate (#), v. t. [L. abjudicatus, p. p. of +abjudicare; ab + judicare. See Judge, and cf. Abjudge.] To +reject by judicial sentence; also, to abjudge. [Obs.] +Ash. +AbOju7diOca6tion (#), n. Rejection by judicial sentence. +[R.] +Knowles. +Ab6juOgate (#), v. t. [L. abjugatus, p. p. of abjugare.] To +unyoke. [Obs.] +Bailey. +AbOjunc6tive (#), a. [L. abjunctus, p. p. of abjungere; ab + +jungere to join.] Exceptional. [R.] +It is this power which leads on from the accidental and +abjunctive to the universal. +I. Taylor. +Ab7juOra6tion (#), n. [L. abjuratio: cf. F. abjuration.] 1. +The act of abjuring or forswearing; a renunciation upon +oath; as, abjuration of the realm, a sworn banishment, an +oath taken to leave the country and never to return. +2. A solemn recantation or renunciation; as, an abjuration +of heresy. +Oath of abjuration, an oath asserting the right of the +present royal family to the crown of England, and expressly +abjuring allegiance to the descendants of the Pretender. +Brande & C. +AbOju6raOtoOry (#), a. Containing abjuration. +AbOjure6 (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Abjured (#); p. pr. & vb. +n. Abjuring (#).] [L. abjurare to deny upon oath; ab + +jurare to swear, fr. jus, juris, right, law; cf. F. abjurer. +See Jury.] 1. To renounce upon oath; to forswear; to +disavow; as, to abjure allegiance to a prince. To abjure the +realm, is to swear to abandon it forever. +2. To renounce or reject with solemnity; to recant; to +abandon forever; to reject; repudiate; as, to abjure errors. +=Magic I here abjure.8 +Shak. +Syn. P See Renounce. +AbOjure6, v. i. To renounce on oath. +Bp. Burnet. +AbOjure6ment (#), n. Renunciation. [R.] +AbOjur6er (#), n. One who abjures. +AbOlac6tate (#), v. t. [L. ablactatus, p. p. of ablactare; +ab + lactare to suckle, fr. lac milk.] To wean. [R.] +Bailey. +Ab7lacOta6tion (#). n. 1. The weaning of a child from the +breast, or of young beasts from their dam. +Blount. +2. (Hort.) The process of grafting now called inarching, or +grafting by approach. +AbOla6queOate (#), v. t. [L. ablaqueatus, p. p. of. +ablaqueare; fr. ab + laqueus a noose.] To lay bare, as the +roots of a tree. [Obs.] +Bailey. +AbOla7queOa6tion (#), n. [L. ablaqueatio.] The act or +process of laying bare the roots of trees to expose them to +the air and water. [Obs.] +Evelyn. +Ab7lasOtem6ic (#), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? growth.] (Biol.) +NonPgerminal. +AbOla6tion (#), n. [L. ablatio, fr. ablatus p. p. of auferre +to carry away; ab + latus, p. p. of ferre carry: cf. F. +ablation. See Tolerate.] 1. A carrying or taking away; +removal. +Jer. Taylor. +2. (Med.) Extirpation. +Dunglison. +3. (Geol.) Wearing away; superficial waste. +Tyndall. +Ab7laOti6tious (#), a. Diminishing; as, an ablatitious +force. +Sir J. Herschel. +Ab6laOtive (#), a. [F. ablatif, ablative, L. ablativus fr. +ablatus. See Ablation.] 1. Taking away or removing. [Obs.] +Where the heart is forestalled with misopinion, ablatire +directions are found needful to unteach error, ere we can +learn truth. +Bp. Hall. +2. (Gram.) Applied to one of the cases of the noun in Latin +and some other languages, P the fundamental meaning of the +case being removal, separation, or taking away. +Ab6laOtive, (Gram.) The ablative case. +ablative absolute, costruction in Latin, in which a noun in +the ablative case has a participle (either expressed or +implied), agreeing with it in gender, number, and case, both +words forming a clause by themselves and being unconnected, +grammatically, with the rest of the sentence; as, Tarquinio +regnante, Pythagoras venit, i. e., Tarquinius reigning, +Pythagoras came. +X Ab6laut (#), n. [Ger., offPsound; ab off + laut sound.] +(Philol.) The substitution of one root vowel for another, +thus indicating a corresponding modification of use or +meaning; vowel permutation; as, get, gat, got; sing, song; +hang, hung. +Earle. + +<p. 5> + + +AOblaze6 (#), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + blaze.] 1. On fire; in a +blaze, gleaming. +Milman. +All ablaze with crimson and gold. +Longfellow. +2. In a state of glowing excitement or ardent desire. +The young Cambridge democrats were all ablaze to assist +Torrijos. +Carlyle. +A6ble (#), a. [Comp. Abler (#); superl. Ablest (#).] [OF. +habile, L. habilis that may be easily held or managed, apt, +skillful, fr. habere to have, hold. Cf. Habile and see +Habit.] 1. Fit; adapted; suitable. [Obs.] +A many man, to ben an abbot able. +Chaucer. +2. Having sufficient power, strength, force, skill, means, +or resources of any kind to accomplish the object; possessed +of qualifications rendering competent for some end; +competent; qualified; capable; as, an able workman, soldier, +seaman, a man able to work; a mind able to reason; a person +able to be generous; able to endure pain; able to play on a +piano. +3. Specially: Having intellectual qualifications, or strong +mental powers; showing ability or skill; talented; clever; +powerful; as, the ablest man in the senate; an able speech. +No man wrote abler state papers. +Macaulay. +4. (Law) Legally qualified; possessed of legal competence; +as, able to inherit or devise property. +Able for, is Scotticism. =Hardly able for such a march.8 +Robertson. +Syn. P Competent; qualified; fitted; efficient; effective; +capable; skillful; clever; vigorous; powerful. +A6ble, v. t. [See Able, a.] [Obs.] 1. To make able; to +enable; to strengthen. +Chaucer. +2. To vouch for. =I 'll able them.8 +Shak. +OaOble (#). [F. Oable, L. Oabilis.] An adjective suffix now +usually in a passive sense; able to be; fit to be; +expressing capacity or worthiness in a passive sense; as, +movable, able to be moved; amendable, able to be amended; +blamable, fit to be blamed; salable. +The form Oible is used in the same sense. +5 It is difficult to say when we are not to use Oable +instead of Oible. =Yet a rule may be laid down as to when we +are to use it. To all verbs, then, from the AngloPSaxon, to +all based on the uncorrupted infinitival stems of Latin +verbs of the first conjugation, and to all substantives, +whencesoever sprung, we annex Oable only.8 +Fitzed. Hall. +A7blePbod6ied (#), a. Having a sound, strong body; +physically competent; robust. =AblePbodied vagrant.8 Froude. +P A7blePbod6iedOness, n. +Ab6leOgate (#), v. t. [L. ablegatus, p. p. of ablegare; ab + +legare to send with a commission. See Legate.] To send +abroad. [Obs.] +Bailey. +Ab6leOgate (#), n. (R. C. Ch.) A representative of the pope +charged with important commissions in foreign countries, one +of his duties being to bring to a newly named cardinal his +insignia of office. +Ab7leOga6tion (#), n. [L. ablegatio.] The act of sending +abroad. [Obs.] +Jer. Taylor. +A7blePmind6ed (#), a. Having much intellectual power. P +A7blePmind6edOness, n. +A6bleOness (#), n. Ability of body or mind; force; vigor. +[Obs. or R.] +Ab6lepOsy (#), n. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? to see.] Blindness. +[R.] +Urquhart. +A6bler (#), a., comp. of Able. P A6blest (#), a., superl. of +Able. +Ab6let (#), Ab6len ] [F. ablet, ablette, a dim. fr. LL. +abula, for albula, dim. of albus white. Cf. Abele.] (Zol.) +A small freshPwater fish (Leuciscus alburnus); the bleak. +Ab6liOgate (#), v. t. [L. ab + ligatus, p. p. of ligare to +tie.] To tie up so as to hinder from. [Obs.] +AbOlig7uOri6tion (?), n. [L. abligurito, fr. abligurire to +spend in luxurious indulgence; ab + ligurire to be +lickerish, dainty, fr. lingere to lick.] Prodigal expense +for food. [Obs.] +Bailey. +A6blins (#), adv. [See Able.] Perhaps. [Scot.] +AObloom6 (#), adv. [Pref. aO + bloom.] In or into bloom; in +a blooming state. +Masson. +AbOlude6 (#), v. t. [L. abludere; ab + ludere to play.] To +be unlike; to differ. [Obs.] +Bp. Hall. +Ab6luOent (#), a. [L. abluens, p. pr. of. abluere to wash +away; ab + luere (lavere, lavare). See Lave.] Washing away; +carrying off impurities; detergent. P n. (Med.) A detergent. +AOblush6 (#), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + blush.] Blushing; ruddy. +AbOlu7tion (#), n. [L. ablutio, fr. abluere: cf. F. +ablution. See Abluent.] 1. The act of washing or cleansing; +specifically, the washing of the body, or some part of it, +as a religious rite. +2. The water used in cleansing. =Cast the ablutions in the +main.8 +Pope. +3. (R. C. Ch.) A small quantity of wine and water, which is +used to wash the priest's thumb and index finger after the +communion, and which then, as perhaps containing portions of +the consecrated elements, is drunk by the priest. +AbOlu6tionOaOry (#), a. Pertaining to ablution. +AbOlu6viOon (#), n. [LL. abluvio. See Abluent.] That which +is washed off. [R.] +Dwight. +A6bly (#), adv. In an able manner; with great ability; as, +ably done, planned, said. +OaObly (#). A suffix composed of Oable and the adverbial +suffix Oly; as, favorably. +Ab6neOgate (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Abnegated; p. pr. & vb. +n. Abnegating.] [L. abnegatus,p. p. of abnegare; ab + negare +to deny. See Deny.] To deny and reject; to abjure. +Sir E. Sandys. Farrar. +Ab7neOga6tion (#), n. [L. abnegatio: cf. F. abngation.] a +denial; a renunciation. +With abnegation of God, of his honor, and of religion, they +may retain the friendship of the court. +Knox. +Ab6neOgaOtive (#), a. [L. abnegativus.] Denying; renouncing; +negative. [R.] +Clarke. +Ab6nePga7tor (#), n. [L.] One who abnegates, denies, or +rejects anything. [R.] +X Ab6net (#), n. [Heb.] The girdle of a Jewish priest or +officer. +Ab6noOdate (#), v. t. [L. abnodatus, p. p. of abnodare; ab + +nodus knot.] To clear (tress) from knots. [R.] +Blount. +Ab7noOda6tion (#), n. The act of cutting away the knots of +trees. [R.] +Crabb. +AbOnor6mal (#), a. [For earlier anormal.F. anormal, LL. +anormalus for anomalus, Gr. ?. Confused with L. abnormis. +See Anomalous, Abnormous, Anormal.] Not conformed to rule or +system; deviating from the type; anomalous; irregular. =That +deviating from the type; anomalous; irregular. 8 +Froude. +Ab7norOmal6iOty (#), n.; pl. Abnormalities (#). 1. The state +or quality of being abnormal; variation; irregularity. +Darwin. +2. Something abnormal. +AbOnor6malOly (#), adv. In an abnormal manner; irregularly. +Darwin. +AbOnor6miOty (#), n.; pl. Abnormities (#). [LL. abnormitas. +See Abnormous.] Departure from the ordinary type; +irregularity; monstrosity. =An abnormity... like a calf born +with two heads.8 +Mrs. Whitney. +AbOnor6mous (#), a. [L. abnormis; ab + norma rule. See +Normal.] Abnormal; irregular. +Hallam. +A character of a more abnormous cast than his equally +suspected coadjutor. +State Trials. +AOboard6 (#), adv. [Pref. aO on, in + board.] +. On board; into or within a ship or boat; hence, into or +within a railway car. +2. Alongside; as, close aboard. +Naut.: To fall aboard of, to strike a ship's side; to fall +foul of. P To haul the tacks aboard, to set the courses. P +To keep the land aboard, to hug the shore. P To lay (a ship) +aboard, to place one's own ship close alongside of (a ship) +for fighting. +AOboard6, prep. 1. On board of; as, to go aboard a ship. +2.Across; athwart. [Obs.] +Nor iron bands aboard +The Pontic Sea by their huge navy cast. +Spenser. +AObod6ance (#), n. [See Bode.] An omen; a portending. [Obs.] +AObode6 (#), pret. of Abide. +AObode6, n. [OE. abad, abood, fr. abiden to abide. See +Abide. For the change of vowel, cf. abode, imp. of abide.] +1. Act of waiting; delay. [Obs.] +Shak. +And with her fled away without abode. +Spenser. +2. Stay or continuance in a place; sojourn. +He waxeth at your abode here. +Fielding. +3. Place of continuance, or where one dwells; abiding place; +residence; a dwelling; a habitation. +Come, let me lead you to our poor abode. +Wordsworth. +AObode6, n. [See Bode, v. t.] An omen. [Obs.] +HighPthundering Juno's husband stirs my spirit with true +abodes. +Chapman. +AObode6, v. t. To bode; to foreshow. [Obs.] +Shak. +AObode6, v. i. To be ominous. [Obs.] +Dryden. +AObode6ment (#), n. A foreboding; an omen. [Obs.] +=Abodements must not now affright us.8 +Shak. +AObod6ing (#), n. A foreboding. [Obs.] +AObol6ish (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Abolished (#); p. pr. & +vb. n. Abolishing.] [F. abolir, L. abolere, aboletum; ab + +olere to grow. Cf. Finish.] +1. To do away with wholly; to annul; to make void; P said of +laws, customs, institutions, governments, etc.; as, to +abolish slavery, to abolish folly. +2. To put an end to, or destroy, as a physical objects; to +wipe out. [Archaic] +And with thy blood abolish so reproachful blot. +Spenser. +His quick instinctive hand +Caught at the hilt, as to abolish him. +Tennyson. +Syn. P To Abolish, Repeal, Abrogate, Revoke, Annul, Nullify, +Cancel. These words have in common the idea of setting aside +by some overruling act. Abolish applies particularly to +things of a permanent nature, such as institutions, usages, +customs, etc.; as, to abolish monopolies, serfdom, slavery. +Repeal describes the act by which the legislature of a state +sets aside a law which it had previously enacted. Abrogate +was originally applied to the repeal of a law by the Roman +people; and hence, when the power of making laws was usurped +by the emperors, the term was applied to their act of +setting aside the laws. Thus it came to express that act by +which a sovereign or an executive government sets aside +laws, ordinances, regulations, treaties, conventions, etc. +Revoke denotes the act or recalling some previous grant +which conferred, privilege, etc.; as, to revoke a decree, to +revoke a power of attorney, a promise, etc. Thus, also, we +speak of the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. Annul is +used in a more general sense, denoting simply to make void; +as, to annul a contract, to annul an agreement. Nullify is +an old word revived in this country, and applied to the +setting of things aside either by force or by total +disregard; as, to nullify an act of Congress. Cancel is to +strike out or annul, by a deliberate exercise of power, +something which has operative force. +AObol6ishOaOble (#), a. [Cf. F. abolissable.] Capable of +being abolished. +AObol6ishOer (#), n. One who abolishes. +AObol6ishOment (#), n. [Cf. F. abolissement.] The act of +abolishing; abolition; destruction. +Hooker. +Ab6oOli6tion (#), n. [L. abolitio, fr. abolere: cf. F. +abolition. See Abolish.] The act of abolishing, or the state +of being abolished; an annulling; abrogation; utter +destruction; as, the abolition of slavery or the slave +trade; the abolition of laws, decrees, ordinances, customs, +taxes, debts, etc. +5 The application of this word to persons is now unusual or +obsolete +Ab7oOli6tionOism (#), n. The principles or measures of +abolitionists. +Wilberforce. +Ab7oOli6tionOist, n. A person who favors the abolition of +any institution, especially negro slavery. +Ab7oOli7tionOize (#), v. t. To imbue with the principles of +abolitionism. [R.] +Bartlett. +X AObo6ma (#), n. (Zol.) A large South American serpent +(Boa aboma). +X Ab7oOma6sum (#), X Ab7oOma6sus (#), } n. [NL., fr. L. ab + +omasum (a Celtic word.) (Anat.) The fourth or digestive +stomach of a ruminant, which leads from the third stomach +omasum. See Ruminantia. +AOboom6iOnaOble (#), a. [F. abominable. L. abominalis. See +Abominate.] 1. Worthy of, or causing, abhorrence, as a thing +of evil omen; odious in the utmost degree; very hateful; +detestable; loathsome; execrable. +2. Excessive; large; P used as an intensive. [Obs.] +5 Juliana Berners... informs us that in her time [15th c.], +=a bomynable syght of monkes8 was elegant English for =a +large company of friars.8 +G. P. Marsh. +AObom6iOnaObleOness, n. The quality or state of being +abominable; odiousness. +Bentley. +AObom6iOnaObly (#), adv. In an abominable manner; very +odiously; detestably. +AObom6iOnate (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Abominated; p. pr. & +vb. n. Abominating.] [L. abominatus, p. p. or abominari to +deprecate as ominous, to abhor, to curse; ab + omen a +foreboding. See Omen.] To turn from as illPomened; to hate +in the highest degree, as if with religious dread; loathe; +as, to abominate all impiety. +Syn. P To hate; abhor; loathe; detest. See Hate. +AObom7iOna6tion (#), n. [OE. abominacioun, Ocion, F. +abominatio. See Abominate.] 1. The feeling of extreme +disgust and hatred; abhorrence; detestation; loathing; as, +he holds tobacco in abomination. +2. That which is abominable; anything hateful, wicked, or +shamefully vile; an object or state that excites disgust and +hatred; a hateful or shameful vice; pollution. +Antony, most large in his abominations. +Shak. +3. A cause of pollution or wickedness. +Syn. P Detestation; loathing; abhorrence; disgust; aversion; +loathsomeness; odiousness. +AObom6iOna7tor (#), n. One who abominates. +Sir W. Scott. +AOboon6 (#), prep. and adv. Above. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.] +Aboon the pass of BallyPBrough. +Sir W. Scott. +The ceiling fair that rose aboon. +J. R. Drake. +AbOo6ral (#), a. [L. ab. + E. oral.] (Zol.) Situated +opposite to, or away from, the mouth. +X AObord6 (#), n. [F.] Manner of approaching or accosting; +address. +Chesterfield. +AObord6 (#), v. t. [F. aborder, ? (L. ad) + bord rim, brim, +or side of a vessel. See Border, Board.] To approach; to +accost. [Obs.] +Digby. +Ab7oOrig6iOnal (#), a. [See Aborigines.] +1. First; original; indigenous; primitive; native; as, the +aboriginal tribes of America. =Mantled o'er with aboriginal +turf.8 +Wordsworth. +2. Of or pertaining to aborigines; as, a Hindoo of +aboriginal blood. +Ab7oOrig6iOnal, n. 1. An original inhabitant of any land; +one of the aborigines. +2. An animal or a plant native to the region. +It may well be doubted whether this frog is an aboriginal of +these islands. +Darwin. +Ab7oOrig7iOnal6iOty (#), n. The quality of being aboriginal. +Westm. Rev. +Ab7oOrig6iOnalOly (#), adv. Primarily. +Ab7oOrig6iOness (#), n. pl. [L. Aborigines; ab + origo, +especially the first inhabitants of Latium, those who +originally (ab origine) inhabited Latium or Italy. See +Origin.] 1. The earliest known inhabitants of a country; +native races. +2. The original fauna and flora of a geographical area +AOborse6ment (#), n. Abortment; abortion. [Obs.] +Bp. Hall. +AObor6sive (#), a. Abortive. [Obs.] +Fuller. +AObort6 (#), v. i. [L. abortare, fr. abortus, p. p. of +aboriri; ab + oriri to rise, to be born. See Orient.] +1. To miscarry; to bring forth young prematurely. +2. (Biol.) To become checked in normal development, so as +either to remain rudimentary or shrink away wholly; to +become sterile. +AObort6, n. [L. abortus, fr. aboriri.] 1. An untimely birth. +[Obs.] +Sir H. Wotton. +2. An aborted offspring. [Obs.] +Holland. +AObort6ed, a. 1. Brought forth prematurely. +2. (Biol.) Rendered abortive or sterile; undeveloped; +checked in normal development at a very early stage; as, +spines are aborted branches. +The eyes of the cirripeds are more or less aborted in their +mature state. +Owen. + +AObor6tiOcide (#), n. [L. abortus + caedere to kill. See +Abort.] (Med.) The act of destroying a fetus in the womb; +feticide. +AObor7tiOfa6cient (#), a. [L. abortus (see Abort, v.) + +faciens, p. pr. of facere to make.] Producing miscarriage. P +n. A drug or an agent that causes premature delivery. +AObor6tion (#), n. [L. abortio, fr. aboriri. See Abort.] 1. +The act of giving premature birth; particularly, the +expulsion of the human fetus prematurely, or before it is +capable of sustaining life; miscarriage. +5 Ii is sometimes used for the offense of procuring a +premature delivery, but strictly the early delivery is the +abortion, =causing or procuring abortion8 is the full name +of the offense. +Abbott. + +p. 6 + + +2. The immature product of an untimely birth. +3. (Biol.) Arrest of development of any organ, so that it +remains an imperfect formation or is absorbed. +4. Any fruit or produce that does not come to maturity, or +anything which in its progress, before it is matured or +perfect; a complete failure; as, his attempt. proved an +abortiori. +AObor6tionOal (#), a. Pertaining to abortion; miscarrying; +abortive. +Carlyle. +AObor6tionOist, n. One who procures abortion or miscarriage. +AObor6tive (#), a. [L. abortivus, fr. aboriri. See Abort, +v.] 1. Produced by abortion; born prematurely; as, an +abortive child. [R.] +2. Made from the skin of a stillOborn animal; as, abortive +vellum. [Obs.] +3. Rendering fruitless or ineffectual. [Obs.] =Plunged in +that abortive gulf.8 +Milton. +4. Coming to naught; failing in its effect; miscarrying; +fruitless; unsuccessful; as, an abortive attempt. =An +abortive enterprise.8 +Prescott. +5. (Biol.) Imperfectly formed or developed; rudimentary; +sterile; as, an abortive organ, stamen, ovule, etc. +6. (Med.) (a) Causing abortion; as, abortive medicines. +Parr. (b) Cutting short; as, abortive treatment of typhoid +fever. +AObor6tive, n. 1. That which is born or brought forth +prematurely; an abortion. [Obs.] +Shak. +2. A fruitless effort or issue. [Obs.] +3. A medicine to which is attributed the property of causing +abortion. +Dunglison. +AObor6tiveOly, adv. In an abortive or untimely manner; +immaturely; fruitlessly. +AObor6tiveOness, n. The quality of being abortive. +AObort6ment (#), n. Abortion. [Obs.] +AObought6 (#), imp. & p. p. of Aby. [Obs.] +AObound6 (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Abounded; p. pr. & vb. n. +Abounding.] [OE. abounden, F. abonder, fr. L. abundare to +overflow, abound; ab + unda wave. Cf. Undulate.] 1. To be in +great plenty; to be very prevalent; to be plentiful. +The wild boar which abounds in some parts of the continent +of Europe. +Chambers. +Where sin abounded grace did much more abound. +Rom. v. 20. +2. To be copiously supplied; P followed by in or with. +To abound in, to posses in such abundance as to be +characterized by. P To abound with, to be filled with; to +possess in great numbers. +Men abounding in natural courage. +Macaulay. +A faithful man shall abound with blessings. +Prov. xxviii. 20. +It abounds with cabinets of curiosities. +Addison. +AObout6 (#), prep. [OE. aboute, abouten, abuten; AS. >butan, +onbutan; on + butan, which is from be by + utan outward, +from ut out. See But, Out.] +1. Around; all round; on every side of. =Look about you.8 +Shak. =Bind them about thy neck.8 Prov. iii. 3. +2. In the immediate neighborhood of; in contiguity or +proximity to; near, as to place; by or on (one's person). +=Have you much money about you?8 +Bulwer. +3. Over or upon different parts of; through or over in +various directions; here and there in; to and fro in; +throughout. +Lampoons... were handed about the coffeehouses. +Macaulay. +Roving still about the world. +Milton. +4. Near; not far from; P determining approximately time, +size, quantity. =ToPmorrow, about this time.8 Exod. ix. 18. +=About my stature.8 Shak. +He went out about the third hour. +Matt. xx. 3. +5 This use passes into the adverbial sense. +5. In concern with; engaged in; intent on. +I must be about my Father's business. +Luke ii. 49. +6. Before a verbal noun or an infinitive: On the point or +verge of; going; in act of. +Paul was now aboutto open his mouth. +Acts xviii. 14. +7. Concerning; with regard to; on account of; touching. =To +treat about thy ransom.8 +Milton. +She must have her way about Sarah. +Trollope. +AObout6, adv. 1. On all sides; around. +'Tis time to look about. +Shak. +2. In circuit; circularly; by a circuitous way; around the +outside; as, a mile about, and a third of a mile across. +3. Here and there; around; in one place and another. +Wandering about from house to house. +1 Tim. v. 13. +4. Nearly; approximately; with close correspondence, in +quality, manner, degree, etc.; as, about as cold; about as +high; P also of quantity, number, time. =There fell... about +three thousand men.8 +Exod. xxii. 28. +5. To a reserved position; half round; in the opposite +direction; on the opposite tack; as, to face about; to turn +one's self about. +To bring about, to cause to take place; to accomplish. P To +come about, to occur; to take place. See under Come. P To go +about, To set about, to undertake; to arrange; to prepare. +=Shall we set about some revels? Shak. P Round about, in +every direction around. +AObout6Psledge6 (#), n. The largest hammer used by smiths. +Weale. +AObove6 (#), prep. [OE. above, aboven, abuffe, AS. abufon; +an (or on) on + be by + ufan upward; cf. Goth. uf under. +?199. See Over.] 1. In or to a higher place; higher than; on +or over the upper surface; over; P opposed to below or +beneath. +Fowl that may fly above the earth. +Gen. i. 20. +2. Figuratively, higher than; superior to in any respect; +surpassing; beyond; higher in measure or degree than; as, +things above comprehension; above mean actions; conduct +above reproach. =Thy worth... is actions above my gifts.8 +Marlowe. +I saw in the way a light from heaven above the brightness of +the sun. +Acts xxxvi. 13. +3. Surpassing in number or quantity; more than; as, above a +hundred. (Passing into the adverbial sense. See Above, +adv., 4.) +above all, before every other consideration; chiefly; in +preference to other things. +Over and above, prep. or adv., besides; in addition to. +AObove6 (#), adv. 1. In a higher place; overhead; into or +from heaven; as, the clouds above. +2. Earlier in order; higher in the same page; hence, in a +foregoing page. 8That was said above.8 +Dryden. +3. Higher in rank or power; as, he appealed to the court +above. +4. More than; as, above five hundred were present. +Above is often used elliptically as an adjective by omitting +the word mentioned, quoted, or the like; as, the above +observations, the above reference, the above articles. P +Above is also used substantively. =The waters that come down +from above.8 +Josh. iii. 13. +It is also used as the first part of a compound in the sense +of before, previously; as, abovePcited, abovePdescribed, +abovePmentioned, abovePnamed, abovesaid, abovespecified, +abovePwritten, abovePgiven. +AObove6board7 (#), adv. Above the board or table. Hence: in +open sight; without trick, concealment, or deception. =Fair +and aboveboard.8 +Burke. +5 This expression is said by Johnson to have been borrowed +from gamesters, who, when they change their cards, put their +hands under the table. +AObove6Pcit7ed (#), a. Cited before, in the preceding part +of a book or writing. +AObove6deck7 (#), a. On deck; and hence, like aboveboard, +without artifice. +Smart. +AObove6Pmen7tioned (#), AObove6Pnamed7 (#), a. +AObove6Pnamed7 (#), a. Mentioned or named before; aforesaid. +AObove6said7 (#), a. Mentioned or recited before. +AObox6 (#), adv. & a. (Naut.) Braced aback. +Ab7raOcaOdab6ra (#), n. [L. Of unknown origin.] A mystical +word or collocation of letters written as in the figure. +Worn on an amulet it was supposed to ward off fever. At +present the word is used chiefly in jest to denote something +without meaning; jargon. +AbOra6dant (#), n. A material used for grinding, as emery, +sand, powdered glass, etc. +AbOrade6 (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Abraded; p. pr. & vb. n. +Abrading.] [L. abradere, abrasum, to scrape off; ab + radere +to scrape. See Rase, Raze.] To rub or wear off; to waste or +wear away by friction; as, to abrade rocks. +Lyell. +AObrade6 (#), v. t. Same as Abraid. [Obs.] +A7braOham6ic (#), a. Pertaining to Abraham, the patriarch; +as, the Abrachamic covenant. +A7braOhamOit6ic, OicOal (#), a. Relating to the patriarch +Abraham. +A6braOhamPman7 (#) or A6bramPman7 (#), n. [Possibly in +allusion to the parable of the beggar Lazarus in Luke xvi. +Murray (New Eng. Dict.).] One of a set of vagabonds who +formerly roamed through England, feigning lunacy for the +sake of obtaining alms. +Nares. +To sham Abraham, to feign sickness. +Goldsmith. +AObraid6 (#), v. t. & i. [OE. abraiden, to awake, draw (a +sword), AS. >bredgan to shake, draw; pref. >O (cf. Goth. +usO, Ger. erO, orig. meaning out) + bregdan to shake, throw. +See Braid.] To awake; to arouse; to stir or start up; also, +to shout out. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AObran6chiOal (#), a. (Zol.) Abranchiate. +X AObran7chiOa6ta (#), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. ? priv. + ?, +pl., the gills of fishes.] (Zol.) A group of annelids, so +called because the species composing it have no special +organs of respiration. +AObran6chiOate (#), a. (Zol.) Without gills. +AbOrase6 (#), a. [L. abrasus, p. p. of abradere. See +Abrade.] Rubbed smooth. [Obs.] =An abrase table.8 +B. Jonson. +AbOra6sion (#), n. [L. abrasio, fr. abradere. See Abrade.] +1. The act of abrading, wearing, or rubbing off; the wearing +away by friction; as, the abrasion of coins. +2. The substance rubbed off. +Berkeley. +3. (Med.) A superficial excoriation, with loss of substance +under the form of small shreds. +Dunglison. +AbOra6sive (#), a. Producing abrasion. +Ure. +AObraum6 or AObraum6 salts (#), n. [Ger., fr. abrumen to +remove.] A red ocher used to darken mahogany and for making +chloride of potassium. +X AObrax6as (#), n. [A name adopted by the Egyptian Gnostic +Basilides, containing the Greek letters <a>, <b>, <r>, <a>, +<x>, <a>, <s>, which, as numerals, amounted to 365. It was +used to signify the supreme deity as ruler of the 365 +heavens of his system.] A mystical word used as a charm and +engraved on gems among the ancients; also, a gem stone thus +engraved. +AObray6 (#), v. [A false form from the preterit abraid, +abrayde.] See Abraid. [Obs.] +Spenser. +AObreast6 (#), adv. [Pref. aO + breast.] 1. Side by side, +with breasts in a line; as, =Two men could hardly walk +abreast.8 +Macaulay. +2. (Naut.) Side by side; also, opposite; over against; on a +line with the vessel's beam; P with of. +3. Up to a certain level or line; equally advanced; as, to +keep abreast of [or with] the present state of science. +4. At the same time; simultaneously. [Obs.] +Abreast therewith began a convocation. +Fuller. +AObreg6ge (#), v. t. See Abridge. [Obs.] +Ab7reOnounce6 (#), v. t. [L. abrenuntiare; ab + renuntiare. +See Renounce.] To renounce. [Obs.] =They abrenounce and cast +them off.8 +Latimer. +Ab7reOnun7ciOa6tion (#), n. [LL. abrenuntiatio. See +Abrenounce.] Absolute renunciation or repudiation. [Obs.] +An abrenunciation of that truth which he so long had +professed, and still believed. +Fuller. +AbOrep6tion (#), n. [L. abreptus, p. p. of abripere to +snatch away; ab + rapere to snatch.] A snatching away. +[Obs.] +X A7breu7voir6 (#), n. [F., a watering place.] (Masonry) The +joint or interstice between stones, to be filled with +mortar. +Gwilt. +A6briOcock (#), n. See Apricot. [Obs.] +AObridge6 (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Abridged (#); p. pr. & +vb. n. Abridging.] [OE. abregen, OF. abregier, F. abrger, +fr. L. abbreviare; ad + brevis short. See Brief and cf. +Abbreviate.] 1. To make shorter; to shorten in duration; to +lessen; to diminish; to curtail; as, to abridge labor; to +abridge power or rights. =The bridegroom... abridged his +visit.8 +Smollett. +She retired herself to Sebaste, and abridged her train from +state to necessity. +Fuller. +2. To shorten or contract by using fewer words, yet +retaining the sense; to epitomize; to condense; as, to +abridge a history or dictionary. +3. To deprive; to cut off; P followed by of, and formerly by +from; as, to abridge one of his rights. +AObridg6er (#), n. One who abridges. +AObridg6ment (#), n. [OE. abregement. See Abridge.] 1. The +act abridging, or the state of being abridged; diminution; +lessening; reduction or deprivation; as, an abridgment of +pleasures or of expenses. +2. An epitome or compend, as of a book; a shortened or +abridged form; an abbreviation. +Ancient coins as abridgments of history. +Addison. +3. That which abridges or cuts short; hence, an +entertainment that makes the time pass quickly. [Obs.] +What abridgment have you for this evening? What mask? What +music? +Shak. +Syn. P Abridgment, Compendium, Epitome, Abstract, Synopsis. +An abridgment is made by omitting the less important parts +of some larger work; as, an abridgment of a dictionary. A +compendium is a brief exhibition of a subject, or science, +for common use; as, a compendium of American literature. An +epitome corresponds to a compendium, and gives briefly the +most material points of a subject; as, an epitome of +history. An abstract is a brief statement of a thing in its +main points. A synopsis is a bird'sPeye view of a subject, +or work, in its several parts. +AObroach6 (#), v. t. [OE. abrochen, OF. abrochier. See +Broach.] To set abroach; to let out, as liquor; to broach; +to tap. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AObroach6, adv. [Pref. aO + broach.] 1. Broached; in a +condition for letting out or yielding liquor, as a cask +which is tapped. +Hogsheads of ale were set abroach. +Sir W. Scott. +2. Hence: In a state to be diffused or propagated; afoot; +astir. =Mischiefs that I set abroach.8 +Shak. +AObroad6 (#), adv. [Pref. aO + broad.] 1. At large; widely; +broadly; over a wide space; as, a tree spreads its branches +abroad. +The fox roams far abroad. +Prior. +2. Without a certain confine; outside the house; away from +one's abode; as, to walk abroad. +I went to St. James', where another was preaching in the +court abroad. +Evelyn. +3. Beyond the bounds of a country; in foreign countries; as, +we have broils at home and enemies abroad. =Another +prince... was living abroad.8 +Macaulay. +4. Before the public at large; throughout society or the +world; here and there; widely. +He went out, and began to publish it much, and to blaze +abroad the matter. +Mark i. 45. +To be abroad. (a) To be wide of the mark; to be at fault; +as, you are all abroad in your guess. (b) To be at a loss or +nonplused. +Ab6roOgaOble (#), a. Capable of being abrogated. +Ab6roOgate (#), a. [L. abrogatus, p. p.] Abrogated; +abolished. [Obs. or R.] +Latimer. +Ab6roOgate (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Abrogated; p. pr. & vb. +n. Abrogating.] [L. abrogatus, p. p. of abrogare; ab + +rogare to ask, require, propose. See Rogation.] 1. To annul +by an authoritative act; to abolish by the authority of the +maker or his successor; to repeal; P applied to the repeal +of laws, decrees, ordinances, the abolition of customs, etc. +Let us see whether the New Testament abrogates what we so +frequently see in the Old. +South. +Whose laws, like those of the Medes and Persian, they can +not alter or abrogate. +Burke. +2. To put an end to; to do away with. +Shak. +Syn. P To abolish; annul; do away; set aside; revoke; +repeal; cancel; annihilate. See Abolish. +Ab7roOga6tion (#), n. [L. abrogatio, fr. abrogare: cf. F. +abrogation.] The act of abrogating; repeal by authority. +Hume. +Ab6roOgaOtive (#), a. Tending or designed to abrogate; as, +an abrogative law. +Ab6roOga7tor (#), n. One who repeals by authority. +AObrood6 (#), adv. [Pref. aO + brood.] In the act of +brooding. [Obs.] +Abp. Sancroft. +AObrook6 (#), v. t. [Pref. aO + brook, v.] To brook; to +endure. [Obs.] +Shak. +AbOrupt6 (#), a. [L. abruptus, p. p. of abrumpere to break +off; ab + rumpere to break. See Rupture.] 1. Broken off; +very steep, or craggy, as rocks, precipices, banks; +precipitous; steep; as, abrupt places. =Tumbling through +ricks abrupt,8 +Thomson. +2. Without notice to prepare the mind for the event; sudden; +hasty; unceremonious. =The cause of your abrupt departure.8 +Shak. +3. Having sudden transitions from one subject to another; +unconnected. +The abrupt style, which hath many breaches. +B. Jonson. + +<p. 7> +<PP end of search for ? marks 11P30P94 PP> + + + +4. (Bot.) Suddenly terminating, as if cut off. +Gray. +Syn. P Sudden; unexpected; hasty; rough; curt; +unceremonious; rugged; blunt; disconnected; broken. +AbOrupt6 (#), n. [L. abruptum.] An abrupt place. [Poetic] +=Over the vast abrupt.8 +Milton. +AbOrupt6, v. t. To tear off or asunder. [Obs.] =Till death +abrupts them.8 +Sir T. Browne. +AbOrup6tion (#), n. [L. abruptio, fr. abrumpere: cf. F. +abruption.] A sudden breaking off; a violent separation of +bodies. +Woodward. +AbOrupt6ly, adv. 1. In an abrupt manner; without giving +notice, or without the usual forms; suddenly. +2. Precipitously. +Abruptly pinnate (Bot.), pinnate without an odd leaflet, or +other appendage, at the end. +Gray. +AbOrupt6ness, n. 1. The state of being abrupt or broken; +craggedness; ruggedness; steepness. +2. Suddenness; unceremonious haste or vehemence; as, +abruptness of style or manner. +Ab6scess (#), n.; pl. Abscesses (#). [L. abscessus a going +away, gathering of humors, abscess, fr. abscessus, p. p. of +absedere to go away; ab, abs + cedere to go off, retire. See +Cede.] (Med.) A collection of pus or purulent matter in any +tissue or organ of the body, the result of a morbid process. +Cold abscess, an abscess of slow formation, unattended with +the pain and heat characteristic of ordinary abscesses, and +lasting for years without exhibiting any tendency towards +healing; a chronic abscess. +AbOsces6sion (#), n. [L. abscessio a separation; fr. +absedere. See Abscess.] A separating; removal; also, an +abscess. [Obs.] +Gauden. Barrough. +AbOscind6 (#), v. t. [L. absindere; ab + scindere to rend, +cut. See Schism.] To cut off. [R.] =Two syllables... +abscinded from the rest.8 +Johnson. +AbOsci6sion (#), n. [L. abscisio.] See Abscission. +Ab6sciss (#), n.; pl. Abscisses (#). See Abscissa. +AbOscis6sa (#), n.; E. pl. Abscissas, L. pl. Absciss. [L., +fem. of abscissus, p. p. of absindere to cut of. See +Abscind.] (Geom.) One of the elements of reference by which +a point, as of a curve, is referred to a system of fixed +rectilineal cordinate axes. When referred to two +intersecting axes, one of them called the axis of abscissas, +or of X, and the other the axis of ordinates, or of Y, the +abscissa of the point is the distance cut off from the axis +of X by a line drawn through it and parallel to the axis of +Y. When a point in space is referred to three axes having a +common intersection, the abscissa may be the distance +measured parallel to either of them, from the point to the +plane of the other two axes. Abscissas and ordinates taken +together are called cordinates. P OX or PY is the abscissa +of the point P of the curve, OY or PX its ordinate, the +intersecting lines OX and OY being the axes of abscissas and +ordinates respectively, and the point O their origin. +AbOscis6sion (#), n. [L. abscissio. See Abscind.] 1. The act +or process of cutting off. =Not to be cured without the +abscission of a member.8 +Jer. Taylor. +2. The state of being cut off. +Sir T. Browne. +3. (Rhet.) A figure of speech employed when a speaker having +begun to say a thing stops abruptly: thus, =He is a man of +so much honor and candor, and of such generosity P but I +need say no more.8 +AbOscond6 (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Absconded; p. pr. & vb. +n. Absconding.] [L. abscondere to hide; ab, abs + condere to +lay up; con + d?re (only in comp.) to put. Cf. Do.] 1. To +hide, withdraw, or be concealed. +The marmot absconds all winter. +Ray. +2. To depart clandestinely; to steal off and secrete one's +self; P used especially of persons who withdraw to avoid a +legal process; as, an absconding debtor. +That very homesickness which, in regular armies, drives so +many recruits to abscond. +Macaulay. +AbOscond6, v. t. To hide; to conceal. [Obs.] +Bentley. +AbOscond6ence (#), n. Fugitive concealment; secret +retirement; hiding. [R.] +Phillips. +AbOscond6er (#), n. One who absconds. +Ab6sence (#), n. [F., fr. L. absentia. See Absent.] 1. A +state of being absent or withdrawn from a place or from +companionship; P opposed to presence. +Not as in my presence only, but now much more in my absence. +Phil. ii. 12. +2. Want; destitution; withdrawal. =In the absence of +conventional law.8 +Kent. +3. Inattention to things present; abstraction (of mind); as, +absence of mind. 8Reflecting on the little absences and +distractions of mankind.8 +Addison. +To conquer that abstraction which is called absence. +Landor. +Ab6sent (#), a. [F., fr. absens, absentis, p. pr. of abesse +to be away from; ab + esse to be. Cf. Sooth.] 1. Being away +from a place; withdrawn from a place; not present. +=Expecting absent friends.8 +Shak. +2. Not existing; lacking; as, the part was rudimental or +absent. +3. Inattentive to what is passing; absentPminded; +preoccupied; as, an absent air. +What is commonly called an absent man is commonly either a +very weak or a very affected man. +Chesterfield. +Syn. P Absent, Abstracted. These words both imply a want of +attention to surrounding objects. We speak of a man as +absent when his thoughts wander unconsciously from present +scenes or topics of discourse; we speak of him as abstracted +when his mind (usually for a brief period) is drawn off from +present things by some weighty matter for reflection. +Absence of mind is usually the result of loose habits of +thought; abstraction commonly arises either from engrossing +interests and cares, or from unfortunate habits of +association. +AbOsent6 (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Absented; p. pr. & vb. n. +Absenting.] [Cf. F. absenter.] 1. To take or withdraw (one's +self) to such a distance as to prevent intercourse; P used +with the reflexive pronoun. +If after due summons any member absents himself, he is to be +fined. +Addison. +2. To withhold from being present. [Obs.] =Go; for thy stay, +not free, absents thee more.8 +Milton. +Ab7senOta6neOous (#), a. [LL. absentaneus. See +Absent.] Pertaining to absence. [Obs.] +Ab7senOta6tion (#), n. The act of absenting one's self. +Sir W. Hamilton. +Ab7senOtee6 (#), n. One who absents himself from his +country, office, post, or duty; especially, a landholder who +lives in another country or district than that where his +estate is situated; as, an Irish absentee. +Macaulay. +Ab7senOtee6ism (#), n. The state or practice of an absentee; +esp. the practice of absenting one's self from the country +or district where one's estate is situated. +AbOsent6er (#), n. One who absents one's self. +Ab6sentOly (#), adv. In an absent or abstracted manner. +AbOsent6ment (#), n. The state of being absent; withdrawal. +[R.] +Barrow. +Ab7sentPmind6ed (#), a. Absent in mind; abstracted; +preoccupied. P Ab7sentPmind6edOness, n. P +Ab7sentPmind6edOly, adv. +Ab6sentOness (#), n. The quality of being absentPminded. +H. Miller. +Ab6seyPbook7 (#), n. An APBPC book; a primer. [Obs.] +Shak. +Ab6sin6thate (#), n. (Chem.) A combination of absinthic acid +with a base or positive radical. +Ab6sinth7, Ab6sinthe7 } (#), n. [F. absinthe. See +Absinthium.] 1. The plant absinthium or common wormwood. +2. A strong spirituous liqueur made from wormwood and brandy +or alcohol. +AbOsin6thiOal (#), a. Of or pertaining to wormwood; +absinthian. +AbOsin6thiOan (#), n. Of the nature of wormwood. =Absinthian +bitterness.8 +T. Randolph. +Ab6sin6thiOate (#), v. t. [From L. absinthium: cf. L. +absinthiatus, a.] To impregnate with wormwood. +AbOsin6thiOa7ted (#), a. Impregnated with wormwood; as, +absinthiated wine. +AbOsin6thic (#), a. (Chem.) Relating to the common wormwood +or to an acid obtained from it. +AbOsin6thin (#), n. (Chem.) The bitter principle of wormwood +(Artemisia absinthium). +Watts. +Ab6sinOthism (#), n. The condition of being poisoned by the +excessive use of absinth. +AbOsin6thiOum (#), n. [L., from Gr. ?.] (Bot.) The common +wormwood (Artemisia absinthium), an intensely bitter plant, +used as a tonic and for making the oil of wormwood. +Ab6sis (#), n. See Apsis. +AbOsist6 (#), v. i. [L. absistere, p. pr. absistens; ab + +sistere to stand, causal of stare.] To stand apart from; top +leave off; to desist. [Obs.] +Raleigh. +AbOsist6ence (#), n. A standing aloof. [Obs.] +Ab6soOlute (#), a. [L. absolutus, p. p. of absolvere: cf. F. +absolu. See Absolve.] 1. Loosed from any limitation or +condition; uncontrolled; unrestricted; unconditional; as, +absolute authority, monarchy, sovereignty, an absolute +promise or command; absolute power; an absolute monarch. +2. Complete in itself; perfect; consummate; faultless; as, +absolute perfection; absolute beauty. +So absolute she seems, +And in herself complete. +Milton. +3. Viewed apart from modifying influences or without +comparison with other objects; actual; real; P opposed to +relative and comparative; as, absolute motion; absolute time +or space. +Absolute rights and duties are such as pertain to man in a +state of nature as contradistinguished from relative rights +and duties, or such as pertain to him in his social +relations. +4. Loosed from, or unconnected by, dependence on any other +being; selfPexistent; selfPsufficing. +5 In this sense God is called the Absolute by the Theist. +The term is also applied by the Pantheist to the universe, +or the total of all existence, as only capable of relations +in its parts to each other and to the whole, and as +dependent for its existence and its phenomena on its +mutually depending forces and their laws. +5. Capable of being thought or conceived by itself alone; +unconditioned; nonPrelative. +5 It is in dispute among philosopher whether the term, in +this sense, is not applied to a mere logical fiction or +abstraction, or whether the absolute, as thus defined, can +be known, as a reality, by the human intellect. +To Cusa we can indeed articulately trace, word and thing, +the recent philosophy of the absolute. +Sir W. Hamilton. +6. Positive; clear; certain; not doubtful. [R.] +I am absolute 't was very Cloten. +Shak. +7. Authoritative; peremptory. [R.] +The peddler stopped, and tapped her on the head, +With absolute forefinger, brown and ringed. +Mrs. Browning. +8. (Chem.) Pure; unmixed; as, absolute alcohol. +9. (Gram.) Not immediately dependent on the other parts of +the sentence in government; as, the case absolute. See +Ablative absolute, under Ablative. +Absolute curvature (Geom.), that curvature of a curve of +double curvature, which is measured in the osculating plane +of the curve. P Absolute equation (Astron.), the sum of the +optic and eccentric equations. P Absolute space (Physics), +space considered without relation to material limits or +objects. P Absolute terms. (Alg.), such as are known, or +which do not contain the unknown quantity. Davies & Peck. P +Absolute temperature (Physics), the temperature as measured +on a scale determined by certain general thermoPdynamic +principles, and reckoned from the absolute zero. P Absolute +zero (Physics), the be ginning, or zero point, in the scale +of absolute temperature. It is equivalent to P2730 +centigrade or P459,40 Fahrenheit. +Syn. P Positive; peremptory; certain; unconditional; +unlimited; unrestricted; unqualified; arbitrary; despotic; +autocratic. +Ab6soOlute (#), n. (Geom.) In a plane, the two imaginary +circular points at infinity; in space of three dimensions, +the imaginary circle at infinity. +Ab6soOluteOly, adv. In an absolute, independent, or +unconditional manner; wholly; positively. +Ab6soOluteOness, n. The quality of being absolute; +independence of everything extraneous; unlimitedness; +absolute power; independent reality; positiveness. +Ab7soOlu6tion (#), n. [F. absolution, L. absolutio, fr. +absolvere to absolve. See Absolve.] 1. An absolving, or +setting free from guilt, sin, or penalty; forgiveness of an +offense. =Government... granting absolution to the nation.8 +Froude. +2. (Civil Law) An acquittal, or sentence of a judge +declaring and accused person innocent. [Obs.] +3. (R. C. Ch.) The exercise of priestly jurisdiction in the +sacrament of penance, by which Catholics believe the sins of +the truly penitent are forgiven. +5 In the English and other Protestant churches, this act +regarded as simply declaratory, not as imparting +forgiveness. +4. (Eccl.) An absolving from ecclesiastical penalties, P +for example, excommunication. +P. Cyc. +5. The form of words by which a penitent is absolved. +Shipley. +6. Delivery, in speech. [Obs.] +B. Jonson. +Absolution day (R. C. Ch.), Tuesday before Easter. +Ab6soOlu7tism (#), n. 1. The state of being absolute; the +system or doctrine of the absolute; the principles or +practice of absolute or arbitrary government; despotism. +The element of absolutism and prelacy was controlling. +Palfrey. +2. (Theol.) Doctrine of absolute decrees. +Ash. +Ab6soOlu7tist (#), n. 1. One who is in favor of an absolute +or autocratic government. +2. (Metaph.) One who believes that it is possible to realize +a cognition or concept of the absolute. +Sir. W. Hamilton. +Ab6soOlu7tist, a. Of or pertaining to absolutism; arbitrary; +despotic; as, absolutist principles. +Ab7soOluOtis6tic (#), a. Pertaining to absolutism; +absolutist. +AbOsol6uOtoOry (#), a. [L. absolutorius, fr. absolvere to +absolve.] Serving to absolve; absolving. =An absolutory +sentence.8 +Ayliffe. +AbOsolv6aOble (#), a. That may be absolved. +AbOsolv6aOtoOry (#), a. Conferring absolution; absolutory. +AbOsolve6 (#; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Absolved (#); p. pr. +& vb. n. Absolving.] [L. absolvere to set free, to absolve; +ab + solvere to loose. See Assoil, Solve.] 1. To set free, +or release, as from some obligation, debt, or +responsibility, or from the consequences of guilt or such +ties as it would be sin or guilt to violate; to pronounce +free; as, to absolve a subject from his allegiance; to +absolve an offender, which amounts to an acquittal and +remission of his punishment. +Halifax was absolved by a majority of fourteen. +Macaulay. +2. To free from a penalty; to pardon; to remit (a sin); P +said of the sin or guilt. +In his name I absolve your perjury. +Gibbon. +3. To finish; to accomplish. [Obs.] +The work begun, how soon absolved. +Milton. +4. To resolve or explain. [Obs.] =We shall not absolve the +doubt.8 +Sir T. Browne. +Syn. P To Absolve, Exonerate, Acquit. We speak of a man as +absolved from something that binds his conscience, or +involves the charge of wrongdoing; as, to absolve from +allegiance or from the obligation of an oath, or a promise. +We speak of a person as exonerated, when he is released from +some burden which had rested upon him; as, to exonerate from +suspicion, to exonerate from blame or odium. It implies a +purely moral acquittal. We speak of a person as acquitted, +when a decision has been made in his favor with reference to +a specific charge, either by a jury or by disinterested +persons; as, he was acquitted of all participation in the +crime. +AbOsolv6ent (#), a. [L. absolvens, p. pr. of absolvere.] +Absolving. [R.] +Carlyle. +AbOsolv6ent, n. An absolver. [R.] +Hobbes. +AbOsolv6er (#), n. One who absolves. +Macaulay. +Ab6soOnant (#), a. [L. ab + sonans, p. pr. of sonare to +sound.] Discordant; contrary; P opposed to consonant. +=Absonant to nature.8 +Quarles. +Ab6soOnous (#), a. [L. absonus; ab + sonus sound.] +Discordant; inharmonious; incongruous. [Obs.] =Absonous to +our reason.8 +Glanvill. +AbOsorb6 (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Absorbed (#); p. pr. & vb. +n. Absorbing.] [L. absorbere; ab + sorbere to suck in, akin +to Gr. ?: cf. F. absorber.] 1. To swallow up; to engulf; to +overwhelm; to cause to disappear as if by swallowing up; to +use up; to include. =Dark oblivion soon absorbs them all.8 +Cowper. +The large cities absorb the wealth and fashion. +W. Irving. +2. To suck up; to drink in; to imbibe; as a sponge or as the +lacteals of the body. +Bacon. +3. To engross or engage wholly; to occupy fully; as, +absorbed in study or the pursuit of wealth. +4. To take up by cohesive, chemical, or any molecular +action, as when charcoal absorbs gases. So heat, light, and +electricity are absorbed or taken up in the substances into +which they pass. +Nichol. + + +p. 8 + + +Syn. P To Absorb, Engross, Swallow up, Engulf. These words +agree in one general idea, that of completely taking up. +They are chiefly used in a figurative sense and may be +distinguished by a reference to their etymology. We speak of +a person as absorbed (lit., drawn in, swallowed up) in study +or some other employment of the highest interest. We speak +of a person as ebgrossed (lit., seized upon in the gross, or +wholly) by something which occupies his whole time and +thoughts, as the acquisition of wealth, or the attainment of +honor. We speak of a person (under a stronger image) as +swallowed up and lost in that which completely occupies his +thoughts and feelings, as in grief at the death of a +friend, or in the multiplied cares of life. We speak of a +person as engulfed in that which (like a gulf) takes in all +his hopes and interests; as, engulfed in misery, ruin, etc. +That grave question which had begun to absorb the Christian +mind P the marriage of the clergy. +Milman. +Too long hath love engrossed Britannia's stage, +And sunk to softness all our tragic rage. +Tickell. +Should not the sad occasion swallow up +My other cares? +Addison. +And in destruction's river +Engulf and swallow those. +Sir P. Sidney. +AbOsorb7aObil6iOty (#), n. The state or quality of being +absorbable. + Graham (Chemistry). +AbOsorb6aOble, a. [Cf. F. absorbable.] Capable of being +absorbed or swallowed up. +Kerr. +AbOsorb6edOly, adv. In a manner as if wholly engrossed or +engaged. +AbOsorb6enOcy (#), n. Absorptiveness. +AbOsorb6ent (#), a. [L. absorbens, p. pr. of absorbere.] +Absorbing; swallowing; absorptive. +Absorbent ground (Paint.), a ground prepared for a picture, +chiefly with distemper, or water colors, by which the oil is +absorbed, and a brilliancy is imparted to the colors. +AbOsorb6ent, n. 1. Anything which absorbs. +The ocean, itself a bad absorbent of heat. +Darwin. +2. (Med.) Any substance which absorbs and neutralizes acid +fluid in the stomach and bowels, as magnesia, chalk, etc.; +also a substance (e. g., iodine) which acts on the absorbent +vessels so as to reduce enlarged and indurated parts. +3. pl. (Physiol.) The vessels by which the processes of +absorption are carried on, as the lymphatics in animals, the +extremities of the roots in plants. +AbOsorb6er (#), n. One who, or that which, absorbs. +AbOsorb6ing, a. Swallowing, engrossing; as, an absorbing +pursuit. P AbOsorb6ing, adv. +Ab7sorObi6tion (#), n. Absorption. [Obs.] +AbOsorpt7 (#), a. [L. absorptus, p. p.] Absorbed. [Archaic] +=Absorpt in care.8 +Pope. +AbOsorp6tion (#), n. [L. absorptio, fr. absorbere. See +Absorb.] 1. The act or process of absorbing or sucking in +anything, or of being absorbed and made to disappear; as, +the absorption of bodies in a whirlpool, the absorption of a +smaller tribe into a larger. +2. (Chem. & Physics) An imbibing or reception by molecular +or chemical action; as, the absorption of light, heat, +electricity, etc. +3. (Physiol.) In living organisms, the process by which the +materials of growth and nutrition are absorbed and conveyed +to the tissues and organs. +4. Entire engrossment or occupation of the mind; as, +absorption in some employment. +AbOsorp6tive (#), a. Having power, capacity, or tendency to +absorb or imbibe. +E. Darwin. +AbOsorp6tiveOness, n. The quality of being absorptive; +absorptive power. +Ab7sorpOtiv6iOty (#), n. Absorptiveness. +AbOsquat6uOlate (#), v. i. To take one's self off; to +decamp. [A jocular word. U. S.] +X Abs6que hoc (#). [L., without this.] (Law) The technical +words of denial used in traversing what has been alleged, +and is repeated. +AbOstain6 (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Abstained (#); p. pr. & +vb. n. Abstaining.] [OE. absteynen, abstenen, OF. astenir, +abstenir, F. abstenir, fr. L. abstinere, abstentum, v. t. & +v. i., to keep from; ab, abs + tenere to hold. See Tenable.] +To hold one's self aloof; to forbear or refrain voluntarily, +and especially from an indulgence of the passions or +appetites; P with from. +Not a few abstained from voting. +Macaulay. +Who abstains from meat that is not gaunt? +Shak. +Syn. P To refrain; forbear; withhold; deny one's self; give +up; relinquish. +AbOstain6, v. t. To hinder; to withhold. +Whether he abstain men from marrying. +Milton. +AbOstain6er (#), n. One who abstains; esp., one who abstains +from the use of intoxicating liquors. +AbOste6miOous (#), a. [L. abstemius; ab, abs + root of +temetum intoxicating drink.] 1. Abstaining from wine. [Orig. +Latin sense.] +Under his special eye +Abstemious I grew up and thrived amain. +Milton. +2. Sparing in diet; refraining from a free use of food and +strong drinks; temperate; abstinent; sparing in the +indulgence of the appetite or passions. +Instances of longevity are chiefly among the abstemious. +Arbuthnot. +3. Sparingly used; used with temperance or moderation; as, +an abstemious diet. +Gibbon. +4. Marked by, or spent in, abstinence; as, an abstemious +life. =One abstemious day.8 +Pope. +5. Promotive of abstemiousness. [R.] +Such is the virtue of the abstemious well. +Dryden. +AbOste6miOousOly, adv. In a abstemious manner; temperately; +sparingly. +AbOste6miOousOness, n. The quality of being abstemious, +temperate, or sparing in the use of food and strong drinks. +It expresses a greater degree of abstinence than temperance. +AbOsten6tion (#), a. [F. See Abstain.] The act of +abstaining; a holding aloof. +Jer. Taylor. +AbOsten6tious (#), a. Characterized by abstinence; +selfPrestraining. +Farrar. +AbOsterge (#), v. t. [L. abstergere, abstersum; ab, abs + +tergere to wipe. Cf. F absterger.] To make clean by wiping; +to wipe away; to cleanse; hence, to purge. [R.] +Quincy. +AbOster6gent (#), a. [L. abstergens, p. pr. of abstergere.] +Serving to cleanse, detergent. +AbOster6gent, n. A substance used in cleansing; a detergent; +as, soap is an abstergent. +AbOsterse6 (#), v. t. To absterge; to cleanse; to purge +away. [Obs.] +Sir T. Browne. +AbOster6sion (#), n. [F. abstersion. See Absterge.] Act of +wiping clean; a cleansing; a purging. +The task of ablution and abstersion being performed. +Sir W. Scott. +AbOster6sive (#), a. [Cf. F. abstersif. See Absterge.] +Cleansing; purging. +Bacon. +AbOster6sive, n. Something cleansing. +The strong abstersive of some heroic magistrate. +Milton. +AbOster6siveOness, n. The quality of being abstersive. +Fuller. +Ab6stiOnence (#), n. [F. abstinence, L. abstinentia, fr. +abstinere. See Abstain.] 1. The act or practice of +abstaining; voluntary forbearance of any action, especially +the refraining from an indulgence of appetite, or from +customary gratifications of animal or sensual propensities. +Specifically, the practice of abstaining from intoxicating +beverages, P called also total abstinence. +The abstinence from a present pleasure that offers itself is +a pain, nay, oftentimes, a very great one. +Locke. +2. The practice of selfOdenial by depriving one's self of +certain kinds of food or drink, especially of meat. +Penance, fasts, and abstinence, +To punish bodies for the soul's offense. +Dryden. +Ab6stiOnenOcy (#), n. Abstinence. [R.] +Ab6stiOnent (#), a. [F. abstinent, L. abstinens, p. pr. of +abstinere. See Abstain.] Refraining from indulgence, +especially from the indulgence of appetite; abstemious; +continent; temperate. +Beau. & Fl. +Ab6stiOnent, n. 1. One who abstains. +2. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect who appeared in France and +Spain in the 3d century. +Ab6stiOnentOly, adv. With abstinence. +AbOstort6ed (#), a. [As if fr. abstort, fr. L. ab, abs + +tortus, p. p. of torquere to twist.] Wrested away. [Obs.] +Bailey. +Ab6stract7 (#; 277), a. [L. abstractus, p. p. of abstrahere +to draw from, separate; ab, abs + trahere to draw. See +Trace.] 1. Withdraw; separate. [Obs.] +The more abstract... we are from the body. +Norris. +2. Considered apart from any application to a particular +object; separated from matter; exiting in the mind only; as, +abstract truth, abstract numbers. Hence: ideal; abstruse; +difficult. +3. (Logic) (a) Expressing a particular property of an object +viewed apart from the other properties which constitute it; +P opposed to concrete; as, honesty is an abstract word. J. +S. Mill. (b) Resulting from the mental faculty of +abstraction; general as opposed to particular; as, =reptile8 +is an abstract or general name. +Locke. +A concrete name is a name which stands for a thing; an +abstract name which stands for an attribute of a thing. A +practice has grown up in more modern times, which, if not +introduced by Locke, has gained currency from his example, +of applying the expression =abstract name8 to all names +which are the result of abstraction and generalization, and +consequently to all general names, instead of confining it +to the names of attributes. +J. S. Mill. +4. Abstracted; absent in mind. =Abstract, as in a trance.8 +Milton. +An abstract idea (Metaph.), an idea separated from a complex +object, or from other ideas which naturally accompany it; as +the solidity of marble when contemplated apart from its +color or figure. P Abstract terms, those which express +abstract ideas, as beauty, whiteness, roundness, without +regarding any object in which they exist; or abstract terms +are the names of orders, genera or species of things, in +which there is a combination of similar qualities. P +Abstract numbers (Math.), numbers used without application +to things, as 6, 8, 10; but when applied to any thing, as 6 +feet, 10 men, they become concrete. P Abstract or Pure +mathematics. See Mathematics. +AbOstract6 (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Abstracted; p. pr. & vb. +n. Abstracting.] [See Abstract, a.] +1. To withdraw; to separate; to take away. +He was incapable of forming any opinion or resolution +abstracted from his own prejudices. +Sir W. Scott. +2. To draw off in respect to interest or attention; as, his +was wholly abstracted by other objects. +The young stranger had been abstracted and silent. +Blackw. Mag. +3. To separate, as ideas, by the operation of the mind; to +consider by itself; to contemplate separately, as a quality +or attribute. +Whately. +4. To epitomize; to abridge. +Franklin. +5. To take secretly or dishonestly; to purloin; as, to +abstract goods from a parcel, or money from a till. +Von Rosen had quietly abstracted the bearingPreins from the +harness. +W. Black. +6. (Chem.) To separate, as the more volatile or soluble +parts of a substance, by distillation or other chemical +processes. In this sense extract is now more generally used. +AbOstract6, v. t. To perform the process of abstraction. +[R.] +I own myself able to abstract in one sense. +Berkeley. +Ab6stract7 (#), n. [See Abstract, a.] 1. That which +comprises or concentrates in itself the essential qualities +of a larger thing or of several things. Specifically: A +summary or an epitome, as of a treatise or book, or of a +statement; a brief. +An abstract of every treatise he had read. +Watts. +Man, the abstract +Of all perfection, which the workmanship +Of Heaven hath modeled. +Ford. +2. A state of separation from other things; as, to consider +a subject in the abstract, or apart from other associated +things. +3. An abstract term. +The concretes =father8 and =son8 have, or might have, the +abstracts =paternity8 and =filiety.8 +J. S. Mill. +4. (Med.) A powdered solid extract of a vegetable substance +mixed with sugar of milk in such proportion that one part of +the abstract represents two parts of the original substance. +Abstract of title (Law), an epitome of the evidences of +ownership. +Syn. P Abridgment; compendium; epitome; synopsis. See +Abridgment. +AbOstract6ed (#), a. 1. Separated or disconnected; +withdrawn; removed; apart. +The evil abstracted stood from his own evil. +Milton. +2. Separated from matter; abstract; ideal. [Obs.] +3. Abstract; abstruse; difficult. [Obs.] +Johnson. +4. Inattentive to surrounding objects; absent in mind. =An +abstracted scholar.8 +Johnson. +AbOstract6edOly, adv. In an abstracted manner; separately; +with absence of mind. +AbOstract6edOness, n. The state of being abstracted; +abstract character. +AbOstract6er (#), n. One who abstracts, or makes an +abstract. +AbOstrac6tion (#), n. [Cf. F. abstraction. See Abstract, a.] +1. The act of abstracting, separating, or withdrawing, or +the state of being withdrawn; withdrawal. +A wrongful abstraction of wealth from certain members of the +community. +J. S. Mill. +2. (Metaph.) The act process of leaving out of consideration +one or more properties of a complex object so as to attend +to others; analysis. Thus, when the mind considers the form +of a tree by itself, or the color of the leaves as separate +from their size or figure, the act is called abstraction. +So, also, when it considers whiteness, softness, virtue, +existence, as separate from any particular objects. +5 Abstraction is necessary to classification, by which +things are arranged in genera and species. We separate in +idea the qualities of certain objects, which are of the same +kind, from others which are different, in each, and arrange +the objects having the same properties in a class, or +collected body. +Abstraction is no positive act: it is simply the negative of +attention. +Sir W. Hamilton. +3. An idea or notion of an abstract, or theoretical nature; +as, to fight for mere abstractions. +4. A separation from worldly objects; a recluse life; as, a +hermit's abstraction. +5. Absence or absorption of mind; inattention to present +objects. +6. The taking surreptitiously for one's own use part of the +property of another; purloining. [Modern] +7. (Chem.) A separation of volatile parts by the act of +distillation. +Nicholson. +AbOstrac6tionOal (#), a. Pertaining to abstraction. +AbOstrac6tionOist, n. An idealist. +Emerson. +Ab7stracOti6tious (#), a. Obtained from plants by +distillation. [Obs.] +Crabb. +AbOstrac6tive (#), a. [Cf. F. abstractif.] Having the power +of abstracting; of an abstracting nature. =The abstractive +faculty.8 +I. Taylor. +AbOstrac6tiveOly, adv. In a abstract manner; separately; in +or by itself. +Feltham. +AbOstrac6tiveOness, n. The quality of being abstractive; +abstractive property. +Ab6stract7ly (#; 277), adv. In an abstract state or manner; +separately; absolutely; by itself; as, matter abstractly +considered. +Ab6stract7ness, n. The quality of being abstract. =The +abstractness of the ideas.8 +Locke. +AbOstringe6 (#), v. t. [L ab + stringere, strictum, to press +together.] To unbind. [Obs.] +Bailey. +AbOstrude6 (#), v. t. [L. abstrudere. See Abstruse.] To +thrust away. [Obs.] +Johnson. +AbOstruse6 (#), a. [L. abstrusus, p. p. of abstrudere to +thrust away, conceal; ab, abs + trudere to thrust; cf. F. +abstrus. See Threat.] 1. Concealed or hidden out of the way. +[Obs.] +The eternal eye whose sight discerns +Abstrusest thoughts. +Milton. +2. Remote from apprehension; difficult to be comprehended or +understood; recondite; as, abstruse learning. +Profound and abstruse topics. +Milman. +AbOstruse6ly, adv. In an abstruse manner. +AbOstruse6ness, n. The quality of being abstruse; difficulty +of apprehension. +Boyle. +AbOstru6sion (#), n. [L. abstrusio. See Abstruse.] The act +of thrusting away. [R.] +Ogilvie. +AbOstru6siOty (#), n. Abstruseness; that which is abstruse. +[R.] +Sir T. Browne. +AbOsume6 (#), v. t. [L. absumere, absumptum; ab + sumere to +take.] To consume gradually; to waste away. [Obs.] +Boyle. +AbOsump6tion (#; 215), n. [L. absumptio. See Absume.] Act of +wasting away; a consuming; extinction. [Obs.] +Sir T. Browne. +AbOsurd6 (#), a. [L. absurdus harshPsounding; ab + (prob) a +derivative fr. a root svar to sound; not connected with +surd: cf. F. absurde. See Syringe.] Contrary to reason or +propriety; obviously and fiatly opposed to manifest truth; +inconsistent with the plain dictates of common sense; +logically contradictory; nonsensical; ridiculous; as, an +absurd person, an absurd opinion; an absurd dream. +This proffer is absurd and reasonless. +Shak. +'This phrase absurd to call a villain great. +Pope. + +p. 9 + + +Syn. P Foolish; irrational; ridiculous; preposterous; +inconsistent; incongruous. P Absurd, Irrational, Foolish, +Preposterous. Of these terms, irrational is the weakest, +denoting that which is plainly inconsistent with the +dictates of sound reason; as, an irrational course of life. +Foolish rises higher, and implies either a perversion of +that faculty, or an absolute weakness or fatuity of mind; +as, foolish enterprises. Absurd rises still higher, denoting +that which is plainly opposed to received notions of +propriety and truth; as, an absurd man, project, opinion, +story, argument, etc. Preposterous rises still higher, and +supposes an absolute inversion in the order of things; or, +in plain terms, a =putting of the cart before the horse;8 +as, a preposterous suggestion, preposterous conduct, a +preposterous regulation or law. +AbOsurd6 (#), n. An absurdity. [Obs.] +Pope. +AbOsurd6iOty (#), n.; pl. Absurdities (#). [L. absurditas: +cf. F. absurdite.] 1. The quality of being absurd or +inconsistent with obvious truth, reason, or sound judgment. +=The absurdity of the actual idea of an infinite number.8 +Locke. +2. That which is absurd; an absurd action; a logical +contradiction. +His travels were full of absurdities. +Johnson. +AbOsurd6ly, adv. In an absurd manner. +AbOsurd6ness, n. Absurdity. [R.] +X AObu6na (#), n. [Eth. and Ar., our father.] The Patriarch, +or head of the Abyssinian Church. +AObun6dance (#), n. [OE. (h)abudaunce, abundance, F. +abundance, F. abondance, L. abundantia, fr. abundare. See +Abound.] An overflowing fullness; ample sufficiency; great +plenty; profusion; copious supply; superfluity; wealth: P +strictly applicable to quantity only, but sometimes used of +number. +It is lamentable to remember what abundance of noble blood +hath been shed with small benefit to the Christian state. +Raleigh. +Syn. P Exuberance; plenteousness; plenty; copiousness; +overflow; riches; affluence; wealth. P Abundance, Plenty, +Exuberance. These words rise upon each other in expressing +the idea of fullness. Plenty denotes a sufficiency to supply +every want; as, plenty of food, plenty of money, etc. +Abundance express more, and gives the idea of superfluity or +excess; as, abundance of riches, an abundance of wit and +humor; often, however, it only denotes plenty in a high +degree. Exuberance rises still higher, and implies a +bursting forth on every side, producing great superfluity or +redundance; as, an exuberance of mirth, an exuberance of +animal spirits, etc. +AObun6dant (#), a. [OE. (h)abundant, aboundant, F. abondant, +fr. L. abudans, p. pr. of abundare. See Abound.] Fully +sufficient; plentiful; in copious supply; P followed by in, +rarely by with. =Abundant in goodness and truth.8 +Exod. xxxiv. 6. +Abundant number (Math.), a number, the sum of whose aliquot +parts exceeds the number itself. Thus, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, the +aliquot parts of 12, make the number 16. This is opposed to +a deficient number, as 14, whose aliquot parts are 1, 2, 7, +the sum of which is 10; and to a perfect number, which is +equal to the sum of its aliquot parts, as 6, whose aliquot +parts are 1, 2., 3. +Syn. P Ample; plentiful; copious; plenteous; exuberant; +overflowing; rich; teeming; profuse; bountiful; liberal. See +Ample. +AObun6dantOly, adv. In a sufficient degree; fully; amply; +plentifully; in large measure. +AOburst6 (#), adv. [Pref. aP + burst.] In a bursting +condition. +AObus6aOble (#), a. That may be abused. +AObus6age (#), n. Abuse. [Obs.] +Whately (1634). +AObuse6 (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Abused (#); p. pr. & vb. n. +Abusing.] [F. abuser; L. abusus, p. p. of abuti to abuse, +misuse; ab + uti to use. See Use.] 1. To put to a wrong use; +to misapply; to misuse; to put to a bad use; to use for a +wrong purpose or end; to pervert; as, to abuse inherited +gold; to make an excessive use of; as, to abuse one's +authority. +This principle (if one may so abuse the word) shoots rapidly +into popularity. +Froude. +2. To use ill; to maltreat; to act injuriously to; to punish +or to tax excessively; to hurt; as, to abuse prisoners, to +abuse one's powers, one's patience. +3. To revile; to reproach coarsely; to disparage. +The... tellers of news abused the general. +Macaulay. +4. To dishonor. =Shall flight abuse your name?8 +Shak. +5. To violate; to ravish. +Spenser. +6. To deceive; to impose on. [Obs.] +Their eyes red and staring, cozened with a moist cloud, and +abused by a double object. +Jer. Taylor. +Syn. P To maltreat; injure; revile; reproach; vilify; +vituperate; asperse; traduce; malign. +AObuse6 (#), n. [F. abus, L. abusus, fr. abuti. See Abuse, +v. t.] 1. Improper treatment or use; application to a wrong +or bad purpose; misuse; as, an abuse of our natural powers; +an abuse of civil rights, or of privileges or advantages; an +abuse of language. +Liberty may be endangered by the abuses of liberty, as well +as by the abuses of power. +Madison. +2. Physical ill treatment; injury. =Rejoice... at the abuse +of Falstaff.8 +Shak. +3. A corrupt practice or custom; offense; crime; fault; as, +the abuses in the civil service. +Abuse after disappeared without a struggle.. +Macaulay. +4. Vituperative words; coarse, insulting speech; abusive +language; virulent condemnation; reviling. +The two parties, after exchanging a good deal of abuse, came +to blows. +Macaulay. +5. Violation; rape; as, abuse of a female child. [Obs.] +Or is it some abuse, and no such thing? +Shak. +Abuse of distress (Law), a wrongful using of an animal or +chattel distrained, by the distrainer. +Syn. P Invective; contumely; reproach; scurrility; insult; +opprobrium. P Abuse, Invective. Abuse is generally prompted +by anger, and vented in harsh and unseemly words. It is more +personal and coarse than invective. Abuse generally takes +place in private quarrels; invective in writing or public +discussions. Invective may be conveyed in refined language +and dictated by indignation against what is blameworthy. +C. J. Smith. +AObuse6ful (#), a. Full of abuse; abusive. [R.] =Abuseful +names.8 +Bp. Barlow. +AObus6er (#), n. One who abuses [ in the various senses of +the verb]. +AObu6sion (#), n. [OE. abusion, abusioun, OF. abusion, fr. +L. abusio misuse of words, f. abuti. See Abuse, v. t.] Evil +or corrupt usage; abuse; wrong; reproach; deception; cheat. +Chaucer. +AObu6sive (#), a. [Cf. F. abusif, fr. L. abusivus.] 1. +Wrongly used; perverted; misapplied. +I am... necessitated to use the word Parliament improperly, +according to the abusive acceptation thereof. +Fuller. +2. Given to misusing; also, full of abuses. [Archaic] =The +abusive prerogatives of his see.8 +Hallam. +3. Practicing abuse; prone to ill treat by coarse, insulting +words or by other ill usage; as, an abusive author; an +abusive fellow. +4. Containing abuse, or serving as the instrument of abuse; +vituperative; reproachful; scurrilous. =An abusive lampoon.8 +Johnson. +5. Tending to deceive; fraudulent; cheating. [Obs.] =An +abusive treaty.8 +Bacon. +Syn. P Reproachful; scurrilous; opprobrious; insolent; +insulting; injurious; offensive; reviling. +AObu6siveOly, adv. In an abusive manner; rudely; with +abusive language. +AObu6siveOness, n. The quality of being abusive; rudeness of +language, or violence to the person. +Pick out mirth, like stones out of thy ground, +Profaneness, filthiness, abusiveness. +Herbert. +AObut6 (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Abutted; p. pr. & vb. n. +Abutting.] [OF. abouter, aboter; cf. F. aboutir, and also +abuter; a (L. ad) + OF. boter, buter, to push: cf. F. bout +end, and but end, purpose.] To project; to terminate or +border; to be contiguous; to meet; P with on, upon, or +against; as, his land abuts on the road. +AObu6tiOlon (#), n. [Ar. aub?tFl?n.] (Bot.) A genus of +malvaceous plants of many species, found in the torrid and +temperate zones of both continents; P called also Indian +mallow. +AObut6ment (#), n. 1. State of abutting. +2. That on or against which a body abuts or presses; as (a) +(Arch.) The solid part of a pier or wall, etc., which +receives the thrust or lateral pressure of an arch, vault, +or strut. Gwilt. (b) (mech.) A fixed point or surface from +which resistance or reaction is obtained, as the cylinder +head of a steam engine, the fulcrum of a lever, etc. (c) In +breechPloading firearms, the block behind the barrel which +receives the pressure due to recoil. +AObut6tal (#), n. The butting or boundary of land, +particularly at the end; a headland. +Spelman. +AObut6ter (#), n. One who, or that which, abuts. +Specifically, the owner of a contiguous estate; as, the +abutters on a street or a river. +AObuzz6 (#), a. [Pref. aO + buzz.] In a buzz; buzzing. +[Colloq.] +Dickens. +AOby6, AObye6 } (#), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Abought (#).] +[AS. >bycgan to pay for; pref. >O (cf. Goth. usO, Ger. erO, +orig. meaning out) + bycgan to buy. See Buy, and cf. Abide.] +1. To pay for; to suffer for; to atone for; to make amends +for; to give satisfaction. [Obs.] +Lest to thy peril thou aby it dear. +Shak. +2. To endure; to abide. [Obs.] +But nought that wanteth rest can long aby. +Spenser. +AObysm6 (#), n. [OF. abisme; F. abime, LL. abyssimus, a +superl. of L. abyssus; Gr. ?. See Abyss.] An abyss; a gulf. +=The abysm of hell.8 +Shak. +AObys6mal (#), a. Pertaining to, or resembling, an abyss; +bottomless; unending; profound. +Geology gives one the same abysmal extent of time that +astronomy does of space. +Carlyle. +AObys6malOly, adv. To a fathomless depth; profoundly. +=Abysmally ignorant.8 +G. Eliot. +AObyss6 (#), n. [L. abyssus a bottomless gulf, fr. Gr. ? +bottomless; ? priv. + ? depth, bottom.] 1. A bottomless or +unfathomed depth, gulf, or chasm; hence, any deep, +immeasurable, and, specifically, hell, or the bottomless +pit. +Ye powers and spirits of this nethermost abyss. +Milton. +The throne is darkness, in the abyss of light. +Dryden. +2. Infinite time; a vast intellectual or moral depth. +The abysses of metaphysical theology. +Macaulay. +In unfathomable abysses of disgrace. +Burke. +3. (Her.) The center of an escutcheon. +5 This word, in its leading uses, is associated with the +cosmological notions of the Hebrews, having reference to a +supposed illimitable mass of waters from which our earth +sprung, and beneath whose profound depths the wicked were +punished. +Encyc. Brit. +AObyss6al (#), a. [Cf. Abysmal.] Belonging to, or +resembling, an abyss; unfathomable. +Abyssal zone (Phys. Geog.), one of the belts or zones into +which Sir E. Forbes divides the bottom of the sea in +describing its plants, animals, etc. It is the one furthest +from the shore, embracing all beyond one hundred fathoms +deep. Hence, abyssal animals, plants, etc. +Ab7ysOsin6iOan (#), a. Of or pertaining to Abyssinia. +Abyssinian gold, an alloy of 90.74 parts of copper and 8.33 +parts of zink. +Ure. +Ab7ysOsin6iOan, n. 1. A native of Abyssinia. +2. A member of the Abyssinian Church. +AOca6ciOa (#), n. (Antiq.) A roll or bag, filled with dust, +borne by Byzantine emperors, as a memento of mortality. It +is represented on medals. +AOca6cia (#), n.; pl. E. Acacias (#), L. Acaci (#). [L. +from Gr. ?; orig. the name of a thorny tree found in Egypt; +prob. fr. the root ak to be sharp. See Acute.] 1. A genus of +leguminous trees and shrubs. Nearly 300 species are +Australian or Polynesian, and have terete or vertically +compressed leaf stalks, instead of the bipinnate leaves of +the much fewer species of America, Africa, etc. Very few are +found in temperate climates. +2. (Med.) The inspissated juice of several species of +acacia; P called also gum acacia, and gum arabic. +Ac6aOcin, Ac6aOcine (#), n. Gum arabic. +Ac7aOdeme6 (#), n. [L. academia. See Academy.] An academy. +[Poetic] +Shak. +Ac7aOde6miOal (#), a. Academic. [R.] +Ac7aOde6miOan (#), n. A member of an academy, university, or +college. +{ Ac7aOdem6ic (#), Ac7aOdem6icOal (#), } a. [L. academicus: +cf. F. acadmigue. See Academy.] 1. Belonging to the school +or philosophy of Plato; as, the Academic sect or philosophy. +2. Belonging to an academy or other higher institution of +learning; scholarly; literary or classical, in distinction +from scientific. =Academic courses.8 Warburton. =Academical +study.8 Berkeley. +Ac7aOdem6ic, n. 1. One holding the philosophy of Socrates +and Plato; a Platonist. +Hume. +2. A member of an academy, college, or university; an +academician. +Ac7aOdem7icOalOly, adv. In an academical manner. +Ac7aOdem6icOals (#), n. pl. The articles of dress prescribed +and worn at some colleges and universities. +Ac7aOdeOmi6cian (#; 277), n. [F. acadmicien. See Academy.] +1. A member of an academy, or society for promoting science, +art, or literature, as of the French Academy, or the Royal +Academy of arts. +2. A collegian. [R.] +Chesterfield. +Ac7aOdem6iOcism (#), n. 1. A tenet of the Academic +philosophy. +2. A mannerism or mode peculiar to an academy. +AOcad6eOmism (#), n. The doctrines of the Academic +philosophy. [Obs.] +Baxter. +AOcad6eOmist (#), n. [F. academiste.] 1. An Academic +philosopher. +2. An academician. [Obs. or R.] +Ray. +AOcad6eOmy (#), n.; pl. Academies (#). [F. acadmie, L. +academia. Cf. Academe.] 1. A garden or grove near Athens (so +named from the hero Academus), where Plato and his followers +held their philosophical conferences; hence, the school of +philosophy of which Plato was head. +2. An institution for the study of higher learning; a +college or a university. Popularly, a school, or seminary of +learning, holding a rank between a college and a common +school. +3. A place of training; a school. =Academies of fanaticism.8 +Hume. +4. A society of learned men united for the advancement of +the arts and sciences, and literature, or some particular +art or science; as, the French Academy; the American Academy +of Arts and Sciences; academies of literature and philology. +5. A school or place of training in which some special art +is taught; as, the military academy at West Point; a riding +academy; the Academy of Music. +Academy figure (Paint.), a drawing usually half lifePsize, +in crayon or pencil, after a nude model. +AOca6diOan (#), a. Of or pertaining to Acadie, or Nova +Scotia. =Acadian farmers.8 Longfellow. P n. A native of +Acadie. +Acadian epoch (Geol.), an epoch at the beginning of the +American paleozoic time, and including the oldest American +rocks known to be fossiliferous. See Geology. P Acadian owl +(Zol.), a small North American owl (Nyctule Acadica); the +sawPwhet. +X Ac6aOjou (#), n. [F. See Cashew.] (Bot.) (a) The cashew +tree; also, its fruit. See Cashew. P (b) The mahogany tree; +also, its timber. +Ac6aOleph (#), Ac7aOle6phan (#) } n.; pl. Acalephs (#), +Acalephans (#). [See Acaleph.] (Zol.) One of the Acaleph. +X Ac7aOle6ph (#), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. ?, a nettle.] A +group of Coelenterata, including the Medus or jellyfishes, +and hydroids; P so called from the stinging power they +possess. Sometimes called sea nettles. +Ac7ale6phoid (#), a. [Acaleph + Ooid.] (Zol.) Belonging to +or resembling the Acaleph or jellyfishes. +AOcal6yOcine (#), Ac7aOlys7iOnous (#), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? +calyx.] (Bot.) Without a calyx, or outer floral envelope. +AOcanth6 (#), n. Same as Acanthus. +X AOcan6tha (#), n. [Gr. ? thorn, fr. ? point. See Acute.] +1. (Bot.) A prickle. +2. (Zol.) A spine or prickly fin. +3. (Anat.) The vertebral column; the spinous process of a +vertebra. +Dunglison. +Ac6anOtha6ceous (#), a. 1. Armed with prickles, as a plant. +2. (Bot.) Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the family of +plants of which the acanthus is the type. + + p. 10 + +AOcan6thine (#), a. [L. acanthinus, Gr. ?, thorny, fr. ?. +See Acanthus.] Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the plant +acanthus. +AOcan7thoOcar6pous (#), a. [Gr. ? thorn + ? fruit.] (Bot.) +Having the fruit covered with spines. +X AOcan7thoOceph6aOla (#), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. ? a spine, +thorn + ? head.] (Zol.) A group of intestinal worms, having +the proboscis armed with recurved spines. +AOcan7thoOceph6aOlous (#), a. (Zol.) Having a spiny head, +as one of the Acanthocephala. +Ac7anOthoph6oOrous (#), a. [Gr. ?, fr. ? spine + ? to bear.] +SpinePbearing. +Gray. +AOcan7thoOpo6diOous (#), a. [Gr. ? thorn + ?, ?, foot.] +(Bot.) Having spinous petioles. +X Ac7anOthop6terOi (#), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. ? thorn + ? +wing, fin.] (Zol.) A group of teleostean fishes having +spiny fins. See Acanthopterygh. +Ac7anOthop6terOous (#), a. [Gr. ? spine + ? wing.] 1. +(Zol.) SpinyPwinged. +2. (Zol.) Acanthopterygious. +Ac7anOthop7terOyg6iOan (#), a. (Zol.) Belonging to the +order of fishes having spinose fins, as the perch. P n. A +spinyPfinned fish. +X Ac7anOthop7terOyg6iOi (#), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. ? thorn + +? fin, dim. fr. ? wing.] (Zol.) An order of fishes having +some of the rays of the dorsal, ventral, and anal fins +unarticulated and spinelike, as the perch. +Ac7anOthop7terOyg6iOous (#), a. (Zol.) Having fins in which +the rays are hard and spinelike; spinyPfinned. +AOcan6thus (#), n.; pl. E. Acanthuses (#), L. Acanthi (#). +[L., from Gr. ?. Cf. Acantha.] +1. (Bot.) A genus of herbaceous prickly plants, found in the +south of Europe, Asia Minor, and India; bear'sPbreech. +2. (Arch.) An ornament resembling the foliage or leaves of +the acanthus (Acanthus spinosus); P used in the capitals of +the Corinthian and Composite orders. +X A capOpel6la (#). [It. See Chapel.] (Mus.) (a) In church +or chapel style; P said of compositions sung in the old +church style, without instrumental accompaniment; as, a mass +a capella, i. e., a mass purely vocal. (b) A time +indication, equivalent to alla breve. +AOcap6suOlar (#), a. [Pref. aP not + capsular.] (Bot.) +Having no capsule. +AOcar6diOac (#), a. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? heart.] Without a +heart; as, an acardiac fetus. +AOcar6iOdan (#), n. [See Acarus.] (Zol.) One of a group of +arachnids, including the mites and ticks. +X Ac7aOri6na (#), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. ? a mite.] (Zol.) +The group of Arachnida which includes the mites and ticks. +Many species are parasitic, and cause diseases like the itch +and mange. +Ac6aOrine (#), a. (Med.) Of or caused by acari or mites; as, +acarine diseases. +Ac6aOroid (#), a. [NL., acarus a mite + Poid.] (Zol.) +Shaped like or resembling a mite. +Ac7arOpel6lous (#), a. [Pref. aP not + carpel.] (Bot.) +Having no carpels. +AOcar6pous (#), a. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? fruit.] (Bot.) Not +producing fruit; unfruitful. +X Ac6aOrus (#), n.; pl. Acari (#). [NL., from Gr. ? the +cheese mite, tick.] (Zol.) A genus including many species +of small mites. +AOcat7aOlec6tic (#), a. [L. acatalecticus, Gr. ?, not +defective at the end; ? priv. + ? to cease.] (Pros.) Not +defective; complete; as, an acatalectic verse. P n. A verse +which has the complete number of feet and syllables. +AOcat6aOlep7sy (#), n. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? to seize, +comprehend.] Incomprehensibility of things; the doctrine +held by the ancient Skeptic philosophers, that human +knowledge never amounts to certainty, but only to +probability. +AOcat7aOlep6tic (#), a. [Gr. ?.] Incapable of being +comprehended; incomprehensible. +AOca6ter (#), n. See Caterer. [Obs.] +AOcates6 (#), n. pl. See Cates. [Obs.] +AOcau6date (#), a. [Pref. aP not + eaudate.] Tailless. +Ac7auOles6cent (#), a. [Pref. aP not + caulescent.] (Bot.) +Having no stem or caulis, or only a very short one concealed +in the ground. +Gray. +AOcau6line (#), a. [Pref. aP not + cauline.] (Bot.) Same as +Acaulescent. +AOcau6lose (#), AOcau6lous (#),} a. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? +stalk or L. caulis stalk. See Cole.] (Bot.) Same as +Acaulescent. +AcOca6diOan (#), a. [From the city Accad. See Gen. x. 10.] +Pertaining to a race supposed to have lived in Babylonia +before the Assyrian conquest. P AcOca6diOan, n., Ac6cad (#), +n. +Sayce. +AcOcede6 (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Acceded; p. pr. & vb. n. +Acceding.] [L. accedere to approach, accede; ad + cedere to +move, yield: cf. F. accdere. See Cede.] +1. To approach; to come forward; P opposed to recede. [Obs. +or R.] +T. Gale. +2. To enter upon an office or dignity; to attain. +Edward IV., who had acceded to the throne in the year 1461. +T. Warton. +If Frederick had acceded to the supreme power. +Morley. +3. To become a party by associating one's self with others; +to give one's adhesion. Hence, to agree or assent to a +proposal or a view; as, he acceded to my request. +The treaty of Hanover in 1725 . . . to which the Dutch +afterwards acceded. +Chesterfield. +Syn. P To agree; assent; consent; comply; acquiesce; concur. +AcOced6ence (#), n. The act of acceding. +AcOced6er (#), n. One who accedes. +X AcOcel7erOan6do (#), a. [It.] (Mus.) Gradually +accelerating the movement. +AcOcel6erOate (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accelerated (#); p. +pr. & vb. n. Accelerating.] [L. acceleratus, p. p. of +accelerare; ad + celerare to hasten; celer quick. See +Celerity.] 1. To cause to move faster; to quicken the motion +of; to add to the speed of; P opposed to retard. +2. To quicken the natural or ordinary progression or process +of; as, to accelerate the growth of a plant, the increase of +wealth, etc. +3. To hasten, as the occurence of an event; as, to +accelerate our departure. +Accelerated motion (Mech.), motion with a continually +increasing velocity. P Accelerating force, the force which +causes accelerated motion. +Nichol. +Syn. P To hasten; expedite; quicken; dispatch; forward; +advance; further. +AcOcel7erOa6tion (#), n. [L. acceleratio: cf. F. +acclration.] The act of accelerating, or the state of +being accelerated; increase of motion or action; as, a +falling body moves toward the earth with an acceleration of +velocity; P opposed to retardation. +A period of social improvement, or of intellectual +advancement, contains within itself a principle of +acceleration. +I. Taylor. +(Astr. & Physics.) Acceleration of the moon, the increase of +the moon's mean motion in its orbit, in consequence of which +its period of revolution is now shorter than in ancient +times. P Acceleration and retardation of the tides. See +Priming of the tides, under Priming. P Diurnal acceleration +of the fixed stars, the amount by which their apparent +diurnal motion exceeds that of the sun, in consequence of +which they daily come to the meridian of any place about +three minutes fiftyPsix seconds of solar time earlier than +on the day preceding. P Acceleration of the planets, the +increasing velocity of their motion, in proceeding from the +apogee to the perigee of their orbits. +AcOcel6erOaOtive (#), a. Relating to acceleration; adding to +velocity; quickening. +Reid. +AcOcel6erOa7tor (#), n. One who, or that which, accelerates. +Also as an adj.; as, accelerator nerves. +AcOcel6erOaOtoOry (#), a. Accelerative. +AcOcel6erOoOgraph (#), n. [Accelerate + Pgraph.] (Mil.) An +apparatus for studying the combustion of powder in guns, +etc. +AcOcel7erOom6eOter (#), n. [Accelerate + Pmeter.] An +apparatus for measuring the velocity imparted by gunpowder. +AcOcend6 (#), v. t. [L. accendere, accensum, to kindle; ad + +cand?re to kindle (only in compounds); rel. to cand re to be +white, to gleam. See Candle.] To set on fire; to kindle. +[Obs.] +Fotherby. +AcOcend7iObil6iOty (#), n. Capacity of being kindled, or of +becoming inflamed; inflammability. +AcOcend6iOble (#), a. Capable of being inflamed or kindled; +combustible; inflammable. +Ure. +AcOcen6sion (#), n. The act of kindling or the state of +being kindled; ignition. +Locke. +AcOcen6sor (#), n. [LL., from p. p. accensus. See Accend.] +(R. C. Ch.) One of the functionaries who light and trim the +tapers. +Ac6cent7 (#), n. [F. accent, L. accentus; ad + cantus a +singing, canere to sing. See Cant.] 1. A superior force of +voice or of articulative effort upon some particular +syllable of a word or a phrase, distinguishing it from the +others. +5 Many English words have two accents, the primary and the +secondary; the primary being uttered with a greater stress +of voice than the secondary; as in as7pira6tion, where the +chief stress is on the third syllable, and a slighter stress +on the first. Some words, as an7tiap7oOplec6tic, +inOcom7preOhen7siObil6iOty, have two secondary accents. See +Guide to Pron., ?? 30P46. +2. A mark or character used in writing, and serving to +regulate the pronunciation; esp.: (a) a mark to indicate the +nature and place of the spoken accent; (b) a mark to +indicate the quality of sound of the vowel marked; as, the +French accents. +5 In the ancient Greek the acute accent (7) meant a raised +tone or pitch, the grave (?), the level tone or simply the +negation of accent, the circumflex ( ? or ?) a tone raised +and then depressed. In works on elocution, the first is +often used to denote the rising inflection of the voice; the +second, the falling inflection; and the third (^), the +compound or waving inflection. In dictionaries, spelling +books, and the like, the acute accent is used to designate +the syllable which receives the chief stress of voice. +3. Modulation of the voice in speaking; manner of speaking +or pronouncing; peculiar or characteristic modification of +the voice; tone; as, a foreign accent; a French or a German +accent. =Beguiled you in a plain accent.8 Shak. =A perfect +accent.8 Thackeray. +The tender accent of a woman's cry. +Prior. +4. A word; a significant tone; (pl.) expressions in general; +speech. +Winds! on your wings to Heaven her accents bear, +Such words as Heaven alone is fit to hear. +Dryden. +5. (Pros.) Stress laid on certain syllables of a verse. +6. (Mus.) (a) A regularly recurring stress upon the tone to +mark the beginning, and, more feebly, the third part of the +measure. (b) A special emphasis of a tone, even in the +weaker part of the measure. (c) The rythmical accent, which +marks phrases and sections of a period. (d) The expressive +emphasis and shading of a passage. +J. S. Dwight. +7. (Math.) (a) A mark placed at the right hand of a letter, +and a little above it, to distinguish magnitudes of a +similar kind expressed by the same letter, but differing in +value, as y7,y77. (b) (Trigon.) A mark at the right hand of +a number, indicating minutes of a degree, seconds, etc.; as, +1272777, i. e., twelve minutes twenty seven seconds. (c) +(Engin.) A mark used to denote feet and inches; as, 671077 +is six feet ten inches. +AcOcent6 (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accented; p. pr. & vb. n. +Accenting.] [OF. accenter, F. accentuer.] +1. To express the accent of (either by the voice or by a +mark); to utter or to mark with accent. +2. To mark emphatically; to emphasize. +Ac6cent7less (#), a. Without accent. +AcOcen6tor (#), n. [L. ad. + cantor singer, canere to sing.] +1. (Mus.) One who sings the leading part; the director or +leader. [Obs.] +2. (Zol.) A genus of European birds (so named from their +sweet notes), including the hedge warbler. In America +sometimes applied to the water thrushes. +AcOcen6tuOaOble (#), a. Capable of being accented. +AcOcen6tuOal (#), a. Of or pertaining to accent; +characterized or formed by accent. +AcOcen7tuOal6iOty (#), n. The quality of being accentual. +AcOcen6tuOalOly (#), adv. In an accentual manner; in +accordance with accent. +AcOcen6tuOate (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accentuated (#); p. +pr. & vb. n. Accentuating.] [LL. accentuatus, p. p. of +accentuare, fr. L. accentus: cf. F. accentuer.] 1. To +pronounce with an accent or with accents. +2. To bring out distinctly; to make prominent; to emphasize. +In Bosnia, the struggle between East and West was even more +accentuated. +London Times. +3. To mark with the written accent. +AcOcen7tuOa6tion (#), n. [LL. accentuatio: cf. F. +accentuation.] Act of accentuating; applications of accent. +Specifically (Eccles. Mus.), pitch or modulation of the +voice in reciting portions of the liturgy. +AcOcept6 (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accepted; p. pr. & vb. n. +Accepting.] [F. accepter, L. acceptare, freq. of accipere; +ad + capere to take; akin to E. heave.] +1. To receive with a consenting mind (something offered); +as, to accept a gift; P often followed by of. +If you accept them, then their worth is great. +Shak. +To accept of ransom for my son. +Milton. +She accepted of a treat. +Addison. +2. To receive with favor; to approve. +The Lord accept thy burnt sacrifice. +Ps. xx. 3. +Peradventure he will accept of me. +Gen. xxxii. 20. +3. To receive or admit and agree to; to assent to; as, I +accept your proposal, amendment, or excuse. +4. To take by the mind; to understand; as, How are these +words to be accepted? +5. (Com.) To receive as obligatory and promise to pay; as, +to accept a bill of exchange. +Bouvier. +6. In a deliberate body, to receive in acquittance of a duty +imposed; as, to accept the report of a committee. [This +makes it the property of the body, and the question is then +on its adoption.] +To accept a bill (Law), to agree (on the part of the drawee) +to pay it when due. P To accept service (Law), to agree that +a writ or process shall be considered as regularly served, +when it has not been. P To accept the person (Eccl.), to +show favoritism. =God accepteth no man's person.8 +Gal.ii.6. +Syn. P To receive; take; admit. See Receive. +AcOcept6, a. Accepted. [Obs.] +Shak. +AcOcept7aObil6iOty (#), n. [LL. acceptabilitas.] The quality +of being acceptable; acceptableness. =Acceptability of +repentance.8 +Jer. Taylor. +AcOcept6aOble (#), a. [F. acceptable, L. acceptabilis, fr. +acceptare.] Capable, worthy, or sure of being accepted or +received with pleasure; pleasing to a receiver; gratifying; +agreeable; welcome; as, an acceptable present, one +acceptable to us. +AcOcept6aObleOness (#), n. The quality of being acceptable, +or suitable to be favorably received; acceptability. +AcOcept6aObly, adv. In an acceptable manner; in a manner to +please or give satisfaction. +AcOcept6ance (#), n. 1. The act of accepting; a receiving +what is offered, with approbation, satisfaction, or +acquiescence; esp., favorable reception; approval; as, the +acceptance of a gift, office, doctrine, etc. +They shall come up with acceptance on mine altar. +Isa. lx. i. +2. State of being accepted; acceptableness. =Makes it +assured of acceptance.8 +Shak. +3. (Com.) (a) An assent and engagement by the person on whom +a bill of exchange is drawn, to pay it when due according to +the terms of the acceptance. (b) The bill itself when +accepted. +4. An agreeing to terms or proposals by which a bargain is +concluded and the parties are bound; the reception or taking +of a thing bought as that for which it was bought, or as +that agreed to be delivered, or the taking possession as +owner. +5. (Law) An agreeing to the action of another, by some act +which binds the person in law. +5 What acts shall amount to such an acceptance is often a +question of great nicety and difficulty. +Mozley & W. + + + p. 11 + + +5 In modern law, proposal and acceptance are the constituent +elements into which all contracts are resolved. +Acceptance of a bill of exchange, check, draft, or order, is +an engagement to pay it according, to the terms. This +engagement is usually made by writing the word =accepted8 +across the face of the bill. Acceptance of goods, under the +statute of frauds, is an intelligent acceptance by a party +knowing the nature of the transaction. +6. Meaning; acceptation. [Obs.] +Acceptance of persons, partiality, favoritism. See under +Accept. +AcOcept6anOcy (#), n. Acceptance. [R.] +Here's a proof of gift, +But here's no proof, sir, of acceptancy. +Mrs. Browning. +AcOcept6ant (#), a. Accepting; receiving. +AcOcept6ant, n. An accepter. +Chapman. +Ac7cepOta6tion (#), n. 1. Acceptance; reception; favorable +reception or regard; state of being acceptable. [Obs. or +Archaic] +This is saying worthy of all acceptation. +1 Tim. i. 15. +Some things... are notwithstanding of so great dignity and +acceptation with God. +Hooker. +2. The meaning in which a word or expression is understood, +or generally received; as, term is to be used according to +its usual acceptation. +My words, in common acceptation, +Could never give this provocation. +Gay. +AcOcept6edOly (#), adv. In a accepted manner; admittedly. +AcOcept6er (#), n. 1. A person who accepts; a taker. +2. A respecter; a viewer with partiality. [Obs.] +God is no accepter of persons. +Chillingworth. +3. (Law) An acceptor. +AcOcep7tiOla6tion (#), n. [L. acceptilatio entry of a debt +collected, acquittance, fr. p. p. of accipere (cf. Accept) + +latio a carrying, fr. latus, p. p. of ferre to carry: cf. F. +acceptilation.] (Civil Law) Gratuitous discharge; a release +from debt or obligation without payment; free remission. +AcOcep6tion (#), n. [L. acceptio a receiving, accepting: cf. +F. acception.] Acceptation; the received meaning. [Obs.] +Here the word =baron8 is not to be taken in that restrictive +sense to which the modern acception hath confined it. +Fuller. +Acceptation of persons or faces (Eccl.), favoritism; +partiality. [Obs.] +Wyclif. +AcOcept6ive (#), a. 1. Fit for acceptance. +2. Ready to accept. [Obs.] +B. Jonson. +AcOcept6or (#; 277), n. [L.] One who accepts; specifically +(Law & Com.), one who accepts an order or a bill of +exchange; a drawee after he has accepted. +AcOcess6 (#; 277), n. [F. acc +s, L. accessus, fr. accedere. +See Accede.] 1. A coming to, or near approach; admittance; +admission; accessibility; as, to gain access to a prince. +I did repel his letters, and denied +His access to me. +Shak. +2. The means, place, or way by which a thing may be +approached; passage way; as, the access is by a neck of +land. =All access was thronged.8 +Milton. +3. Admission to sexual intercourse. +During coverture, access of the husband shall be presumed, +unless the contrary be shown. +Blackstone. +4. Increase by something added; addition; as, an access of +territory. [In this sense accession is more generally used.] +I, from the influence of thy looks, receive +Access in every virtue. +Milton. +5. An onset, attack, or fit of disease. +The first access looked like an apoplexy. +Burnet. +6. A paroxysm; a fit of passion; an outburst; as, an access +of fury. [A Gallicism] +AcOces6saOriOly (#), adv. In the manner of an accessary. +AcOces6saOriOness, n. The state of being accessary. +AcOces6saOry (#; 277), a. Accompanying, as a subordinate; +additional; accessory; esp., uniting in, or contributing to, +a crime, but not as chief actor. See Accessory. +To both their deaths thou shalt be accessary. +Shak. +Amongst many secondary and accessary causes that support +monarchy, these are not of least reckoning. +Milton. +AcOces6saOry (277), n.; pl. Accessaries (#). [Cf. Accessory +and LL. accessarius.] (Law) One who, not being present, +contributes as an assistant or instigator to the commission +of an offense. +Accessary before the fact (Law), one who commands or +counsels an offense, not being present at its commission. P +Accessary after the fact, one who, after an offense, assists +or shelters the offender, not being present at the +commission of the offense. +5 This word, as used in law, is spelt accessory by +Blackstone and many others; but in this sense is spelt +accessary by Bouvier, Burrill, Burns, Whishaw, Dane, and the +Penny Cyclopedia; while in other senses it is spelt +accessory. In recent textPbooks on criminal law the +distinction is not preserved, the spelling being either +accessary or accessory. +AcOcess7iObil6iOty (#), n. [L. accessibilitas: cf. F. +accessibilit.] The quality of being accessible, or of +admitting approach; receptibility. +Langhorne. +AcOcess6iOble (#), a. [L. accessibilis, fr. accedere: cf. F. +accessible. See Accede.] 1. Easy of access or approach; +approachable; as, an accessible town or mountain, an +accessible person. +2. Open to the influence of; P with to. =Minds accessible to +reason.8 +Macaulay. +3. Obtainable; to be got at. +The best information... at present accessible. +Macaulay. +AcOcess6iObly (#), adv. In an accessible manner. +AsOces6sion (#), n. [L. accessio, fr. accedere: cf. F. +accession. See Accede.] 1. A coming to; the act of acceding +and becoming joined; as, a king's accession to a +confederacy. +2. Increase by something added; that which is added; +augmentation from without; as, an accession of wealth or +territory. +The only accession which the Roman empire received was the +province of Britain. +Gibbon. +3. (Law) (a) A mode of acquiring property, by which the +owner of a corporeal substance which receives an addition +by growth, or by labor, has a right to the part or thing +added, or the improvement (provided the thing is not changed +into a different species). Thus, the owner of a cow becomes +the owner of her calf. (b) The act by which one power +becomes party to engagements already in force between other +powers. +Kent. +4. The act of coming to or reaching a throne, an office, or +dignity; as, the accession of the house of Stuart; P applied +especially to the epoch of a new dynasty. +5. (Med.) The invasion, approach, or commencement of a +disease; a fit or paroxysm. +Syn. P Increase; addition; augmentation; enlargement. +AcOces6sionOal (#), a. Pertaining to accession; additional. +[R.] +Sir T. Browne. +AcOces6sive (#), a. Additional. +Ac7cesOso6riOal (#), a. Of or pertaining to an accessory; +as, accessorial agency, accessorial guilt. +AcOces6soOriOly (#), adv. In the manner of an accessory; +auxiliary. +AcOces6soOriOness, n. The state of being accessory, or +connected subordinately. +AcOces6soOry (#; 277), a. [L. accessorius. See Access, and +cf. Accessary.] Accompanying as a subordinate; aiding in a +secondary way; additional; connected as an incident or +subordinate to a principal; contributing or contributory; +said of persons and things, and, when of persons, usually in +a bad sense; as, he was accessory to the riot; accessory +sounds in music. +5 Ash accents the antepenult; and this is not only more +regular, but preferable, on account of easiness of +pronunciation. Most orho pists place the accent on the first +syllable. +Syn. P Accompanying; contributory; auxiliary; subsidiary; +subservient; additional; acceding. +AcOces6soOry, n.; pl. Accessories (#). 1. That which belongs +to something else deemed the principal; something additional +and subordinate. =The aspect and accessories of a den of +banditti.8 +Carlyle. +2. (Law) Same as Accessary, n. +3. (Fine Arts) Anything that enters into a work of art +without being indispensably necessary, as mere ornamental +parts. +Elmes. +Syn. P Abettor; accomplice; ally; coadjutor. See Abettor. +X AcOciac7caOtu6ra (#), n. [It., from acciaccare to crush.] +(Mus.) A short grace note, one semitone below the note to +which it is prefixed; P used especially in organ music. Now +used as equivalent to the short appoggiatura. +Ac6ciOdence (#), n. [A corruption of Eng. accidents, pl. of +accident. See Accident, 2.] 1. The accidents, of inflections +of words; the rudiments of grammar. +Milton. +2. The rudiments of any subject. +Lowell. +Ac6ciOdent (#), n. [F. accident, fr. L. accidens, Odentis, +p. pr. of accidere to happen; ad + cadere to fall. See +Cadence, Case.] 1. Literally, a befalling; an event that +takes place without one's foresight or expectation; an +undesigned, sudden, and unexpected event; chance; +contingency; often, an undesigned and unforeseen occurrence +of an afflictive or unfortunate character; a casualty; a +mishap; as, to die by an accident. +Of moving accidents by flood and field. +Shak. +Thou cam'st not to thy place by accident: +It is the very place God meant for thee. +Trench. +2. (Gram.) A property attached to a word, but not essential +to it, as gender, number, case. +3. (Her.) A point or mark which may be retained or omitted +in a coat of arms. +4. (Log.) (a) A property or quality of a thing which is not +essential to it, as whiteness in paper; an attribute. (b) A +quality or attribute in distinction from the substance, as +sweetness, softness. +5. Any accidental property, fact, or relation; an accidental +or nonessential; as, beauty is an accident. +This accident, as I call it, of Athens being situated some +miles from the sea. +J. P. Mahaffy. +6. Unusual appearance or effect. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +5 Accident, in Law, is equivalent to casus, or such +unforeseen, extraordinary, extraneous interference as is out +of the range of ordinary calculation. +Ac7ciOden6tal (#), a. [Cf. F. accidentel, earlier +accidental.] 1. Happening by chance, or unexpectedly; taking +place not according to the usual course of things; casual; +fortuitous; as, an accidental visit. +2. Nonessential; not necessary belonging; incidental; as, +are accidental to a play. +Accidental chords (Mus.), those which contain one or more +tones foreign to their proper harmony. P Accidental colors +(Opt.), colors depending on the hypersensibility of the +retina of the eye for complementary colors. They are purely +subjective sensations of color which often result from the +contemplation of actually colored bodies. P Accidental point +(Persp.), the point in which a right line, drawn from the +eye, parallel to a given right line, cuts the perspective +plane; so called to distinguish it from the principal point, +or point of view, where a line drawn from the eye +perpendicular to the perspective plane meets this plane. P +Accidental lights (Paint.), secondary lights; effects of +light other than ordinary daylight, such as the rays of the +sun darting through a cloud, or between the leaves of trees; +the effect of moonlight, candlelight, or burning bodies. +Fairholt. +Syn. O Casual; fortuitous; contingent; occasional; +adventitious. P Accidental, Incidental, Casual, Fortuitous, +Contingent. We speak of a thing as accidental when it falls +out as by chance, and not in the regular course of things; +as, an accidental meeting, an accidental advantage, etc. We +call a thing incidental when it falls, as it were, into some +regular course of things, but is secondary, and forms no +essential part thereof; as, an incremental remark, an +incidental evil, an incidental benefit. We speak of a thing +as casual, when it falls out or happens, as it were, by mere +chance, without being prearranged or premeditated; as, a +casual remark or encounter; a casual observer. An idea of +the unimportant is attached to what is casual. Fortuitous is +applied to what occurs without any known cause, and in +opposition to what has been foreseen; as, a fortuitous +concourse of atoms. We call a thing contingent when it is +such that, considered in itself, it may or may not happen, +but is dependent for its existence on something else; as, +the time of my coming will be contingent on intelligence yet +to be received. +Ac7ciOden6tal (#), n. 1. A property which is not essential; +a nonessential; anything happening accidentally. +He conceived it just that accidentals... should sink with +the substance of the accusation. +Fuller. +2. pl. (Paint.) Those fortuitous effects produced by +luminous rays falling on certain objects so that some parts +stand forth in abnormal brightness and other parts are cast +into a deep shadow. +3. (Mus.) A sharp, flat, or natural, occurring not at the +commencement of a piece of music as the signature, but +before a particular note. +Ac7ciOden6talOism (#), n. Accidental character or effect. +Ruskin. +Ac7ciOdenOtal6iOty (#), n. The quality of being accidental; +accidentalness. [R.] +Coleridge. +Ac7ciOden6talOly (#), adv. In an accidental manner; +unexpectedly; by chance; unintentionally; casually; +fortuitously; not essentially. +Ac7ciOden6talOness, n. The quality of being accidental; +casualness. +Ac6ciOdie (#), n. [OF. accide, accidie, LL. accidia, acedia, +fr. Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? care.] Sloth; torpor. [Obs.] =The sin +of accidie.8 +Chaucer. +Ac7ciOpen6ser (#), n. See Acipenser. +AcOcip6iOent (#), n. [L. accipiens, p. pr. of accipere. See +Accept.] A receiver. [R.] +Bailey +X AcOcip6iOter (#), n.; pl. E. Accipiters (#). L. Accipitres +(#). [L., hawk.] 1. (Zol.) A genus of rapacious birds; one +of the Accipitres or Raptores. +2. (Surg.) A bandage applied over the nose, resembling the +claw of a hawk. +AcOcip6iOtral (#), n. Pertaining to, or of the nature of, a +falcon or hawk; hawklike. +Lowell. +X AcOcip6iOtres (#), n. pl. [L., hawks.] (Zol.) The order +that includes rapacious birds. They have a hooked bill, and +sharp, strongly curved talons. There are three families, +represented by the vultures, the falcons or hawks, and the +owls. +AcOcip6iOtrine (#; 277), a. [Cf. F. accipitrin.] (Zol.) +Like or belonging to the Accipitres; raptorial; hawklike. +X AcOcis6mus (#), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?.] (Rhet.) Affected +refusal; coyness. +AcOcite6 (#), v. t. [L. accitus, p. p. of accire, accere, to +call for; ad + ciere to move, call. See Cite.] To cite; to +summon. [Obs.] +Our heralds now accited all that were +Endamaged by the Elians. +Chapman. +AcOclaim6 (#), v. t. [L. acclamare; ad + clamare to cry out. +See Claim, Clamor.] [R.] 1. To applaud. =A glad acclaming +train.8 +Thomson. +2. To declare by acclamations. +While the shouting crowd +Acclaims thee king of traitors. +Smollett. +3. To shout; as, to acclaim my joy. +AcOclaim6, v. i. To shout applause. +AcOclaim6, n. Acclamation. [Poetic] +Milton. +AcOclaim6er (#), n. One who acclaims. +Ac7claOma6tion (#), n. [L. acclamatio: cf. F. acclamation.] +1. A shout of approbation, favor, or assent; eager +expression of approval; loud applause. +On such a day, a holiday having been voted by acclamation, +an ordinary walk would not satisfy the children. +Southey. +2. (Antiq.) A representation, in sculpture or on medals, of +people expressing joy. +Acclamation medals are those on which laudatory acclamations +are recorded. +Elmes. +AcOclam6aOtoOry (#), a. Pertaining to, or expressing +approval by, acclamation. +AcOcli6maOtaOble (#), a. Capable of being acclimated. +AcOcli7maOta6tion (#), n. [Cf. F. acclimation. See +Acclimate.] Acclimatization. +AcOcli6mat? (#; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acclimated (#); +p. pr. & vb. n. Acclimating.] [F. acclimater; ? (l. ad) + +climat climate. See Climate.] To habituate to a climate not +native; to acclimatize. +J. H. Newman. +AcOcli6mateOment (#), n. Acclimation. [R.] +Ac7cliOma6tion (#), n. The process of becoming, or the state +of being, acclimated, or habituated to a new climate; +acclimatization. +AcOcli6maOti7zaOble (#), a. Capable of being acclimatized. + + p. 12 + +AcOcli6maOtiOza6tion (#), n. The act of acclimatizing; the +process of inuring to a new climate, or the state of being +so inured. +Darwin. +AcOcli6maOtize (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acclimatized (#); p. +pr. & vb. n. Acclimatizing (#).] To inure or habituate a +climate different from that which is natural; to adapt to +the peculiarities of a foreign or strange climate; said of +man, the inferior animals, or plants. +AcOcli6maOture (#; 135), n. The act of acclimating, or the +state of being acclimated. [R.] +Caldwell. +AcOclive6 (#), a. Acclivous. [Obs.] +AcOcliff6iOtous (#), a. Acclivous. +I. Taylor. +AcOcliv6iOty, n.; pl. Acclivities (#). [L. acclivitas, fr. +acclivis, acclivus, ascending; ad + clivus a hill, slope, +fr. root kli to lean. See Lean.] A slope or inclination of +the earth, as the side of a hill, considered as ascending, +in opposition to declivity, or descending; an upward slope; +ascent. +AcOcli6vous (#; 277), a. [L. acclivis and acclivus.] Sloping +upward; rising as a hillside; P opposed to declivous. +AcOcloy6 (#), v. t. [OF. encloyer, encloer, F. enclouer, to +drive in a nail, fr. L. in + clavus nail.] To fill to +satiety; to stuff full; to clog; to overload; to burden. See +Cloy. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AcOcoast6 (#), v. t. & i. [See Accost, Coast.] To lie or +sail along the coast or side of; to accost. [Obs.] +Whether high towering or accosting low. +Spenser. +AcOcoil6 (#), v. t. [OE. acoillir to receive, F. accueillir; +L. ad + colligere to collect. See Coil.] 1. To gather +together; to collect. [Obs.] +Spenser. +2. (Naut.) To coil together. +Ham. Nav. Encyc. +Ac7coOlade6 (#; 277), n. [F. accolade, It. accolata, fr. +accollare to embrace; L. ad + collum neck.] 1. A ceremony +formerly used in conferring knighthood, consisting am +embrace, and a slight blow on the shoulders with the flat +blade of a sword. +2. (Mus.) A brace used to join two or more staves. +AcOcomObiOna6tion (#), n. [L. ad + E. combination.] A +combining together. [R.] +AcOcom6moOdaOble (#), a. [Cf. F. accommodable.] That may be +accommodated, fitted, or made to agree. [R.] +I. Watts. +AcOcom6moOdableOness, n. The quality or condition of being +accommodable. [R.] +Todd. +AcOcom6moOdate (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accommodated (#); p. +pr. & vb. n. Accommodating (#).] [L. accommodatus, p. p. of +accommodare; ad + commodare to make fit, help; conO + modus +measure, proportion. See Mode.] 1. To render fit, suitable, +or correspondent; to adapt; to conform; as, to accommodate +ourselves to circumstances. =They accomodate their counsels +to his inclination.8 +Addison. +2. To bring into agreement or harmony; to reconcile; to +compose; to adjust; to settle; as, to accommodate +differences, a dispute, etc. +3. To furnish with something desired, needed, or convenient; +to favor; to oblige; as, to accommodate a friend with a loan +or with lodgings. +4. To show the correspondence of; to apply or make suit by +analogy; to adapt or fit, as teachings to accidental +circumstances, statements to facts, etc.; as, to accommodate +prophecy to events. +Syn. P To suit; adapt; conform; adjust; arrange. +AcOcom6moOdate, v. i. To adapt one's self; to be conformable +or adapted. [R.] +Boyle. +AcOcom6moOdate (#), a. [L. accommodatus, p.p. of +accommodare.] Suitable; fit; adapted; as, means accommodate +to end. [Archaic] +Tillotson. +AcOcom6moOdateOly, adv. Suitably; fitly. [R.] +AcOcom6moOdateOness, n. Fitness. [R.] +AcOcom6moOda7ting (#), a. Affording, or disposed to afford, +accommodation; obliging; as an accommodating man, spirit, +arrangement. +AcOcom7moOda6tion (#), n. [L. accommodatio, fr. accommodare: +cf. F. accommodation.] +1. The act of fitting or adapting, or the state of being +fitted or adapted; adaptation; adjustment; P followed by to. +=The organization of the body with accommodation to its +functions.8 +Sir M. Hale. +2. Willingness to accommodate; obligingness. +3. Whatever supplies a want or affords ease, refreshment, or +convenience; anything furnished which is desired or needful; +P often in the plural; as, the accomodations P that is, +lodgings and food P at an inn. +A volume of Shakespeare in each pocket, a small bundle with +a change of linen slung across his shoulders, an oaken +cudgel in his hand, complete our pedestrian's +accommodations. +Sir W. Scott. +4. An adjustment of differences; state of agreement; +reconciliation; settlement. =To come to terms of +accommodation.8 +Macaulay. +5. The application of a writer's language, on the ground of +analogy, to something not originally referred to or +intended. +Many of those quotations from the Old Testament were +probably intended as nothing more than accommodations. +Paley. +6. (Com.) (a) A loan of money. (b) An accommodation bill or +note. +Accommodation bill, or note (Com.), a bill of exchange which +a person accepts, or a note which a person makes and +delivers to another, not upon a consideration received, but +for the purpose of raising money on credit. P Accommodation +coach, or train, one running at moderate speed and stopping +at all or nearly all stations. P Accommodation ladder +(Naut.), a light ladder hung over the side of a ship at the +gangway, useful in ascending from, or descending to, small +boats. +AcOcom6moOda7tor (#), n. He who, or that which, +accommodates. +Warburton. +AcOcom6paOnaOble (#), a. Sociable. [Obs.] +Sir P. Sidney. +AcOcom6paOniOer (#), n. He who, or that which, accompanies. +Lamb. +AcOcom6paOniOment (#), n. [F. accompagnement.] That which +accompanies; something that attends as a circumstance, or +which is added to give greater completeness to the principal +thing, or by way of ornament, or for the sake of symmetry. +Specifically: (Mus.) A part performed by instruments, +accompanying another part or parts performed by voices; the +subordinate part, or parts, accompanying the voice or a +principal instrument; also, the harmony of a figured bass. +P. Cyc. +AcOcom6paOnist (#), n. The performer in music who takes the +accompanying part. +Busby. +AcOcom6paOny (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accompanied (#); p. +pr. & vb. n. Accompanying (#)] [OF. aacompaignier, F. +accompagner, to associate with, fr. OF. compaign, compain, +companion. See Company.] 1. To go with or attend as a +companion or associate; to keep company with; to go along +with; P followed by with or by;as, he accompanied his speech +with a bow. +The Persian dames,... +In sumptuous cars, accompanied his march. +Glover. +The are never alone that are accompanied with noble +thoughts. +Sir P. Sidney. +He was accompanied by two carts filled wounded rebels. +Macaulay. +2. To cohabit with. [Obs.] +Sir T. Herbert. +Syn. P To attend; escort; go with. P To Accompany, Attend, +Escort. We accompany those with whom we go as companions. +The word imports an equality of station. We attend those +whom we wait upon or follow. The word conveys an idea of +subornation. We escort those whom we attend with a view to +guard and protect. A gentleman accompanies a friend to some +public place; he attends or escorts a lady. +AcOcom6paOny, v. i. 1. To associate in a company; to keep +company. [Obs.] +Bacon. +Men say that they will drive away one another,... and not +accompany together. +Holland. +2. To cohabit (with). [Obs.] +Milton. +3. (Mus.) To perform an accompanying part or parts in a +composition. +AcOcom6pleOtive (#), a. [L. ad + complere, completum, to +fill up.] Tending to accomplish. [R.] +AcOcom6plice (#), n. [AcO (perh. for the article a or for L. +ad) + E. complice. See Complice.] +1. A cooperator. [R.] +Success unto our valiant general, +And happiness to his accomplices! +Shak. +2. (Law) An associate in the commission of a crime; a +participator in an offense, whether a principal or an +accessory. =And thou, the cursed accomplice of his +treason.8 Johnson. It is followed by with or of before a +person and by in (or sometimes of) before the crime; as, A +was an accomplice with B in the murder of C. Dryden uses it +with to before a thing. =Suspected for accomplice to the +fire.8 +Dryden. +Syn. P Abettor; accessory; assistant; associate; +confederate; coadjutor; ally; promoter. See Abettor. +AcOcom6pliceOship (#), n. The state of being an accomplice. +[R.] +Sir H. Taylor. +Ac7comOplic6iOty (#), n. The act or state of being an +accomplice. [R.] +AcOcom6plish (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accomplished (#), p. +pr. & vb. n. Accomplishing.] [OE. acomplissen, OF. +accomplir, F. accomplir; L. ad + complere to fill up, +complete. See Complete, Finish.] 1. To complete, as time or +distance. +That He would accomplish seventy years in the desolations of +Jerusalem. +Dan. ix. 2. +He had accomplished half a league or more. +Prescott. +2. To bring to an issue of full success; to effect; to +perform; to execute fully; to fulfill; as, to accomplish a +design, an object, a promise. +This that is written must yet be accomplished in me. +Luke xxii. 37. +3. To equip or furnish thoroughly; hence, to complete in +acquirements; to render accomplished; to polish. +The armorers accomplishing the knights. +Shak. +It [the moon] is fully accomplished for all those ends to +which Providence did appoint it. +Wilkins. +These qualities... go to accomplish a perfect woman. +Cowden Clarke. +4. To gain; to obtain. [Obs.] +Shak. +Syn. P To do; perform; fulfill; realize; effect; effectuate; +complete; consummate; execute; achieve; perfect; equip; +furnish. P To Accomplish, Effect, Execute, Achieve, Perform. +These words agree in the general idea of carrying out to +some end proposed. To accomplish (to fill up to the measure +of the intention) generally implies perseverance and skill; +as, to accomplish a plan proposed by one's self, an object, +a design, an undertaking. =Thou shalt accomplish my desire.8 +1 Kings v. 9. +He... expressed his desire to see a union accomplished +between England and Scotland. +Macaulay. +To effect (to work out) is much like accomplish. It usually +implies some degree of difficulty contended with; as, he +effected or accomplished what he intended, his purpose, but +little. =What he decreed, he effected.8 +Milton. +To work in close design by fraud or guile +What force effected not. +Milton. +To execute (to follow out to the end, to carry out, or into +effect) implies a set mode of operation; as, to execute the +laws or the orders of another; to execute a work, a purpose, +design, plan, project. To perform is much like to do, though +less generally applied. It conveys a notion of protracted +and methodical effort; as, to perform a mission, a part, a +task, a work. =Thou canst best perform that office.8 +Milton. +The Saints, like stars, around his seat +Perform their courses still. +Keble. +To achieve (to come to the end or arrive at one's purpose) +usually implies some enterprise or undertaking of +importance, difficulty, and excellence. +AcOcom6plishOaOble (#), a. Capable of being accomplished; +practicable. +Carlyle. +AcOcom6plished (#), a. 1. Completed; effected; established; +as, an accomplished fact. +2. Complete in acquirements as the result usually of +training; P commonly in a good sense; as, an accomplished +scholar, an accomplished scholar, an accomplished villain. +They... show themselves accomplished bees. +Holland. +Daughter of God and man, accomplished Eve. +Milton. +AcOcom6plishOer (#), n. One who accomplishes. +AcOcom6plishOment (#), n. [F. accomplissement, fr. +accomplir.] 1. The act of accomplishing; entire performance; +completion; fulfillment; as, the accomplishment of an +enterprise, of a prophecy, etc. +2. That which completes, perfects, or equips thoroughly; +acquirement; attainment; that which constitutes excellence +of mind, or elegance of manners, acquired by education or +training. =My new accomplishment of dancing.8 Churchill. +=Accomplishments befitting a station.8 Thackeray. +Accomplishments have taken virtue's place, +And wisdom falls before exterior grace. +Cowper. +AcOcompt6 (#; formerly #), n. See Account. +5 Accompt, accomptant, etc., are archaic forms. +AcOcomp6aOble (#), a. See Accountable. +AcOcompt6ant (#), n. See Accountant. +AcOcord6 (#), n. [OE. acord, accord, OF. acort, acorde, F. +accord, fr. OF. acorder, F. accorder. See Accord, v. t.] 1. +Agreement or concurrence of opinion, will, or action; +harmony of mind; consent; assent. +A mediator of an accord and peace between them. +Bacon. +These all continued with one accord in prayer. +Acts i. 14. +2. Harmony of sounds; agreement in pitch and tone; concord; +as, the accord of tones. +Those sweet accords are even the angels' lays. +Sir J. Davies. +3. Agreement, harmony, or just correspondence of things; as, +the accord of light and shade in painting. +4. Voluntary or spontaneous motion or impulse to act; P +preceded by own; as, of one's own accord. +That which groweth of its own accord of thy harvest thou +shalt not reap. +Lev. xxv. 5. +Of his own accord he went unto you. +2 Cor. vii. 17. +5. (Law) An agreement between parties in controversy, by +which satisfaction for an injury is stipulated, and which, +when executed, bars a suit. +Blackstone. +With one accord, with unanimity. +They rushed one accord into the theater. +Acts xix. 29. +AcOcord6, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accorded; p. pr. & vb. n. +According.] [OE. acorden, accorden, OF. acorder, F. +accorder, fr. LL. accordare; L. ad + cor, cordis, heart. Cf. +Concord, Discord, and see Heart.] 1. To make to agree or +correspond; to suit one thing to another; to adjust; P +followed by to. [R.] +Her hands accorded the lute's music to the voice. +Sidney. +2. To bring to an agreement, as persons; to reconcile; to +settle, adjust, harmonize, or compose, as things; as, to +accord suits or controversies. +When they were accorded from the fray. +Spenser. +All which particulars, being confessedly knotty and +difficult can never be accorded but by a competent stock of +critica learning. +South. +3. To grant as suitable or proper; to concede; to award; as, +to accord to one due praise. =According his desire.8 +Spenser. +AcOcord6, v. i. 1. To agree; to correspond; to be in +harmony; P followed by with, formerly also by to; as, his +disposition accords with his looks. +My heart accordeth with my tongue. +Shak. +Thy actions to thy words accord. +Milton. +2. To agree in pitch and tone. +AcOcord6aOble (#), a. [OF. acordable, F. accordable.] 1. +Agreeing. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +2. Reconcilable; in accordance. +AcOcord6ance (#), n. [OF. acordance.] Agreement; harmony; +conformity. =In strict accordance with the law.8 +Macaulay. +Syn. P Harmony; unison; coincidence. +AcOcord6anOcy (#), n. Accordance. [R.] +Paley. +AcOcord6ant (#), a. [OF. acordant, F. accordant.] Agreeing; +consonant; harmonious; corresponding; conformable; P +followed by with or to. +Strictly accordant with true morality. +Darwin. +And now his voice accordant to the string. +Coldsmith. +AcOcord6antOly, adv. In accordance or agreement; agreeably; +conformably; P followed by with or to. +AcOcord6er (#), n. One who accords, assents, or concedes. +[R.] +AcOcord6ing, p. a. Agreeing; in agreement or harmony; +harmonious. =This according voice of national wisdom.8 +Burke. =Mind and soul according well.8 +Tennyson. +According to, agreeably to; in accordance or conformity +with; consistent with. +According to him, every person was to be bought. +Macaulay. +Our zeal should be according to knowledge. +Sprat. +5 According to has been called a prepositional phrase, but +strictly speaking, according is a participle in the sense of +agreeing, acceding, and to alone is the preposition. +According as, precisely as; the same as; corresponding to +the way in which. According as is an adverbial phrase, of +which the propriety has been doubted; but good usage +sanctions it. See According, adv. +Is all things well, +According as I gave directions? +Shak. +The land which the Lord will give you according as he hath +promised. +Ex. xii. 25. + +p. 13 + + +AcOcord6ing (#), adv. Accordingly; correspondingly. [Obs.] +Shak. +AcOcord6ingOly, adv. 1. Agreeably; correspondingly; +suitably; in a manner conformable. +Behold, and so proceed accordingly. +Shak. +2. In natural sequence; consequently; so. +Syn. P Consequently; therefore; wherefore; hence; so. P +Accordingly, Consequently, indicate a connection between two +things, the latter of which is done on account of the +former. Accordingly marks the connection as one of simple +accordance or congruity, leading naturally to the result +which followed; as, he was absent when I called, and I +accordingly left my card; our preparations were all +finished, and we accordingly set sail. Consequently all +finished, and we accordingly set sail. Consequently marks a +closer connection, that of logical or causal sequence; as, +the papers were not ready, and consequently could not be +signed. +AcOcor6diOon (#), n. [See Accord.] (Mus.) A small, portable, +keyed wind instrument, whose tones are generated by play of +the wind upon free metallic reeds. +AcOcor6diOonOist, n. A player on the accordion. +AcOcord6ment (#), n. [OF. acordement. See Accord, v.] +Agreement; reconcilement. [Obs.] +Gower. +AcOcor6poOrate (#), v. t. [L. accorporare; ad + corpus, +corporis, body.] To unite; to attach; to incorporate. [Obs.] +Milton. +AcOcost6 (#; 115), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accosted; p. pr. & +vb. n. Accosting.] [F. accoster, LL. accostare to bring side +by side; L. ad + costa rib, side. See Coast, and cf. +Accoast.] 1. To join side to side; to border; hence, to sail +along the coast or side of. [Obs.] =So much [of Lapland] as +accosts the sea.8 +Fuller. +2. To approach; to make up to. [Archaic] +Shak. +3. To speak to first; to address; to greet. =Him, Satan thus +accosts.8 +Milton. +AcOcost6, v. i. To adjoin; to lie alongside. [Obs.] =The +shores which to the sea accost.8 +Spenser. +AcOcost6, n. Address; greeting. [R.] +J. Morley. +AcOcost6aOble (#), a. [Cf. F. accostable.] Approachable; +affable. [R.] +Hawthorne. +AcOcost6ed, a. (Her.) Supported on both sides by other +charges; also, side by side. +X AcOcouche6ment (#; 277), n. [F., fr. accoucher to be +delivered of a child, to aid in delivery, OF. acouchier +orig. to lay down, put to bed, go to bed; L. ad + collocare +to lay, put, place. See Collate.] Delivery in childbed +X AcOcouOcheur6 (#), n. [F., fr. accoucher. See +Accouchement.] A man who assists women in childbirth; a man +midwife; an obstetrician. +X AcOcouOcheuse6 (#), n. [F.., fem. of accoucher.] A +midwife. [Recent] +Dunglison. +AcOcount6 (#), n. [OE. acount, account, accompt, OF. acont, +fr. aconter. See Account, v. t., Count, n., 1.] 1. A +reckoning; computation; calculation; enumeration; a record +of some reckoning; as, the Julian account of time. +A beggarly account of empty boxes. +Shak. +2. A registry of pecuniary transactions; a written or +printed statement of business dealings or debts and credits, +and also of other things subjected to a reckoning or review; +as, to keep one's account at the bank. +3. A statement in general of reasons, causes, grounds, etc., +explanatory of some event; as, no satisfactory account has +been given of these phenomena. Hence, the word is often used +simply for reason, ground, consideration, motive, etc.; as, +on no account, on every account, on all accounts. +4. A statement of facts or occurrences; recital of +transactions; a relation or narrative; a report; a +description; as, an account of a battle. =A laudable account +of the city of London.8 +Howell. +5. A statement and explanation or vindication of one's +conduct with reference to judgment thereon. +Give an account of thy stewardship. +Luke xvi. 2. +6. An estimate or estimation; valuation; judgment. =To stand +high in your account.8 +Shak. +7. Importance; worth; value; advantage; profit. =Men of +account.8 Pope. =To turn to account.8 Shak. +Account current, a running or continued account between two +or more parties, or a statement of the particulars of such +an account. P In account with, in a relation requiring an +account to be kept. P On account of, for the sake of; by +reason of; because of. P On one's own account, for one's own +interest or behalf. P To make account, to have an opinion or +expectation; to reckon. [Obs.] +s other part... makes account to find no slender arguments +for this assertion out of those very scriptures which are +commonly urged against it. +Milton. +P To make account of, to hold in estimation; to esteem; as, +he makes small account of beauty. P To take account of, or +to take into account, to take into consideration; to notice. +=Of their doings, God takes no account.8 Milton. P A writ of +account (Law), a writ which the plaintiff brings demanding +that the defendant shall render his just account, or show +good cause to the contrary; P called also an action of +account. +Cowell. +Syn. P Narrative; narration; relation; recital; description; +explanation; rehearsal. P Account, Narrative, Narration, +Recital. These words are applied to different modes of +rehearsing a series of events. Account turns attention not +so much to the speaker as to the fact related, and more +properly applies to the report of some single event, or a +group of incidents taken as whole; as, an account of a +battle, of a shipwreck, etc. A narrative is a continuous +story of connected incidents, such as one friend might tell +to another; as, a narrative of the events of a siege, a +narrative of one's life, etc. Narration is usually the same +as narrative, but is sometimes used to describe the mode of +relating events; as, his powers of narration are uncommonly +great. Recital denotes a series of events drawn out into +minute particulars, usually expressing something which +peculiarly interests the feelings of the speaker; as, the +recital of one's wrongs, disappointments, sufferings, etc. +AcOcount6 (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accounted; p. pr. & vb. +n. Accounting.] [OE. acounten, accompten, OF. aconter; (L. +ad) + conter to tell, compter to count, L. computare. See +Count, v. t.] +1. To reckon; to compute; to count. [Obs.] +The motion of... the sun whereby years are accounted. +Sir T. Browne. +2. To place to one's account; to put to the credit of; to +assign; P with to. [R.] +Clarendon. +3. To value, estimate, or hold in opinion; to judge or +consider; to deem. +Accounting that God was able to raise him up. +Heb. xi. 19. +4. To recount; to relate. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AcOcount6, v. i. 1. To render or receive an account or +relation of particulars; as, an officer must account with or +to the treasurer for money received. +2. To render an account; to answer in judgment; P with for; +as, we must account for the use of our opportunities. +3. To give a satisfactory reason; to tell the cause of; to +explain; P with for; as, idleness accounts for poverty. +To account of, to esteem; to prize; to value. Now used only +in the passive. =I account of her beauty.8 +Shak. +Newer was preaching more accounted of than in the sixteenth +century. +Canon Robinson. +AcOcount6aObil7aObil6iOty (#), n. The state of being +accountable; liability to be called on to render an account; +accountableness. =The awful idea of accountability.8 +R. Hall. +AcOcount6aOble (#), a. 1. Liable to be called on to render +an account; answerable; as, every man is accountable to God +for his conduct. +2. Capable of being accounted for; explicable. [R.] +True religion... intelligible, rational, and accountable, P +not a burden but a privilege. +B. Whichcote. +Syn. P Amenable; responsible; liable; answerable. +AcOcount6aOble ness, n. The quality or state of being +accountable; accountability. +AcOcount6aObly, adv. In an accountable manner. +AcOcount6anOcy (#), n. The art or employment of an +accountant. +AcOcount6ant (#), n. [Cf. F. accomptant, OF. acontant, p. +pr.] 1. One who renders account; one accountable. +2. A reckoner. +3. One who is skilled in, keeps, or adjusts, accounts; an +officer in a public office, who has charge of the accounts. +Accountatn general, the head or superintending accountant in +certain public offices. Also, formerly, an officer in the +English court of chancery who received the moneys paid into +the court, and deposited them in the Bank of England. +AcOcount6ant, a. Accountable. [Obs.] +Shak. +AcOcount6antOship (#), n. [Accountant + Oship.] The office +or employment of an accountant. +AcOcount6 book7 (#). A book in which accounts are kept. +Swift. +AcOco6ple (#), v. t. [OF. acopler, F. accoupler. See +Couple.] To join; to couple. [R.] +The Englishmen accoupled themselves with the Frenchmen. +Hall. +AcOcou6pleOment (#), n. [Cf. F. accouplement.] 1. The act of +coupling, or the state of being coupled; union. [R.] +Caxton. +2. That which couples, as a tie or brace. [R.] +AcOcour6age (#), v. t. [OF. acoragier; (L. ad) + corage. +See Courage.] To encourage. [Obs.] +AcOcourt6 (#), v. t. [AcO, for L. ad. See Court.] To treat +courteously; to court. [Obs.] +Spenser. +AcOcou6ter, AcOcou6tre } (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accoutered +or Accoutred (#); p. pr. & vb. n. Accoutering or +Accoutring.] [F. accouter, OF. accoutrer, accoustrer; (L. +ad) + perh. LL. custor, for custos guardian, sacristan (cf. +Custody), or perh. akin to E. guilt.] To furnish with dress, +or equipments, esp. those for military service; to equip; to +attire; to array. +Bot accoutered like young men. +Shak. +For this, in rags accoutered are they seen. +Dryden. +Accoutered with his burden and his staff. +Wordsworth. +AcOcou6terOments, AcOcou6treOments } (#), n. pl. [F. +accoutrement, earlier also accoustrement, earlier also +accoustrement. See Accouter.] Dress; trappings; equipment; +specifically, the devices and equipments worn by soldiers. +How gay with all the accouterments of war! +A. Philips. +AcOcoy6 (#), v. t. [OF. acoyer; acO, for L. ad. See Coy.] 1. +To render quiet; to soothe. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +2. To subdue; to tame; to daunt. [Obs.] +Then is your careless courage accoyed. +Spenser. +AcOcred6it (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accredited; p. pr. & vb. +n. Accrediting.] [F. accrditer; (L. ad) + crdit credit. +See Credit.] 1. To put or bring into credit; to invest with +credit or authority; to sanction. +His censure will... accredit his praises. +Cowper. +These reasons... which accredit and fortify mine opinion. +Shelton. +2. To send with letters credential, as an ambassador, envoy, +or diplomatic agent; to authorize, as a messenger or +delegate. +Beton... was accredited to the Court of France. +Froude. +3. To believe; to credit; to put trust in. +The version of early Roman history which was accredited in +the fifth century. +Sir G. C. Lewis. +He accredited and repeated stories of apparitions and +witchcraft. +Southey. +4. To credit; to vouch for or consider (some one) as doing +something, or (something) as belonging to some one. +To accredit (one) with (something), to attribute something +to him; as, Mr. Clay was accredited with these views; they +accredit him with a wise saying. +AcOcred7iOta6tion (#), n. The act of accrediting; as, +letters of accreditation. +Ac7creOmenOti6tial (#), a. (Physiol.) Pertaining to +accremention. +Ac7creOmenOti6tion (#), n. [See Accresce, Increment.] +(Physiol.) The process of generation by development of +blastema, or fission of cells, in which the new formation is +in all respect like the individual from which it proceeds. + +AcOcresce6 (#), v. i. [L. accrescere. See Accrue.] 1. To +accrue. [R.] +2. To increase; to grow. [Obs.] +Gillespie. +AcOcres6cence (#), n. [LL. accrescentia.] Continuous growth; +an accretion. [R.] +The silent accrescence of belief from the unwatched +depositions of a general, never contradicted hearsy. +Coleridge. +AcOcres6cent (#), a. [L. accrescens, Oentis, p. pr. of +accrescere; ad + crescere to grow. See Crescent.] +1. Growing; increasing. +Shuckford. +2. (Bot.) Growing larger after flowering. +Gray. +AcOcrete6 (#), v. i. [From L. accretus, p. p. of accrescere +to increase.] 1. To grow together. +2. To adhere; to grow (to); to be added; P with to. +AcOcrete6, v. t. To make adhere; to add. +Earle. +AcOcrete6, a. 1. Characterized by accretion; made up; as, +accrete matter. +2. (Bot.) Grown together. +Gray. +AcOcre6tion (#), n. [L. accretio, fr. accrescere to +increase. Cf. Crescent, Increase, Accrue.] +1. The act of increasing by natural growth; esp. the +increase of organic bodies by the internal accession of +parts; organic growth. +Arbuthnot. +2. The act of increasing, or the matter added, by an +accession of parts externally; an extraneous addition; as, +an accretion of earth. +A mineral... augments not by grown, but by accretion. +Owen. +To strip off all the subordinate parts of his as a later +accretion. +Sir G. C. Lewis. +3. Concretion; coherence of separate particles; as, the +accretion of particles so as to form a solid mass. +4. A growing together of parts naturally separate, as of the +fingers toes. +Dana. +5. (Law) (a) The adhering of property to something else, by +which the owner of one thing becomes possessed of a right to +another; generally, gain of land by the washing up of sand +or sail from the sea or a river, or by a gradual recession +of the water from the usual watermark. (b) Gain to an heir +or legatee, failure of a coheir to the same succession, or a +coPlegatee of the same thing, to take his share. +Wharton. Kent. +AcOcre6tive (#), a. Relating to accretion; increasing, or +adding to, by growth. +Glanvill. +AcOcrim6iOnate (#), v. t. [L. acO (for ad to) + criminari.] +To accuse of a crime. [Obs.] P AcOcrim7iOna6tion (#), n. +[Obs.] +AcOcroach6 (#), v. t. [OE. acrochen, accrochen, to obtain, +OF. acrochier, F. accrocher; (L. ad) + croc hook (E. +crook).] 1. To hook, or draw to one's self as with a hook. +[Obs.] +2. To usurp, as jurisdiction or royal prerogatives. +They had attempted to accroach to themselves royal power. +Stubbs. +AcOcroach6ment (#), n. [Cf. F. accrochement.] An +encroachment; usurpation. [Obs.] +Bailey. +AcOcru6al (#), n. Accrument. [R.] +AcOcrue6 (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Accrued (#); p. pr. & vb. +n. Accruing.] [See Accrue, n., and cf. Accresce, Accrete.] +1. To increase; to augment. +And though power failed, her courage did accrue. +Spenser. +2. To come to by way of increase; to arise or spring as a +growth or result; to be added as increase, profit, or +damage, especially as the produce of money lent. =Interest +accrues to principal.8 +Abbott. +The great and essential advantages accruing to society from +the freedom of the press. +Junius. +AcOcrue6, n. [F. accr, OF. acr??, p. p. of accro?tre, OF. +acroistre to increase; L. ad + crescere to increase. Cf. +Accretion, Crew. See Crescent.] Something that accrues; +advantage accruing. [Obs.] +AcOcru6er (#), n. (Law) The act of accruing; accretion; as, +title by accruer. +AcOcru6ment (#), n. The process of accruing, or that which +has accrued; increase. +Jer. Taylor. +Ac7cuOba6tion (#), n. [L. accubatio, for accubatio, fr. +accubare to recline; ad + cubare to lie down. See Accumb.] +The act or posture of reclining on a couch, as practiced by +the ancients at meals. +AcOcumb6 (#), v. i. [L. accumbere; ad + cumbere (only in +compounds) to lie down.] To recline, as at table. [Obs.] +Bailey. +AcOcum6benOcy (#), n. The state of being accumbent or +reclining. [R.] +AcOcum6bent (#), a. 1. Leaning or reclining, as the ancient? +did at their meals. +The Roman.. accumbent posture in eating. +Arbuthnot. +2. (Bot.) Lying against anything, as one part of a leaf +against another leaf. +Gray. +Accumbent cotyledons have their edges placed against the +caulicle. +Eaton. +AcOcum6bent, n. One who reclines at table. +AcOcum6ber (#), v. t. To encumber. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AcOcu6muOlate (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accumulated (#); p. +pr. & vb. n. Accumulating.] [L. accumulatus, p. p. of +accumulare; ad + cumulare to heap. See Cumulate.] To heap up +in a mass; to pile up; to collect or bring together; to +amass; as, to accumulate a sum of money. +Syn. P To collect; pile up; store; amass; gather; aggregate; +heap together; hoard. + + p. 14 + +AcOcu6muOlate (#), v. i. To grow or increase in quantity or +number; to increase greatly. +Ill fares the land, to hastening ills a prey, +Where wealth accumulates, and men decay. +Goldsmith. +AcOcu6muOlate (#), a. [L. accumulatus, p. p. of accumulare.] +Collected; accumulated. +Bacon. +AcOcu7muOla6tion (#), n. [L. accumulatio; cf. F. +accumulation.] 1. The act of accumulating, the state of +being accumulated, or that which is accumulated; as, an +accumulation of earth, of sand, of evils, of wealth, of +honors. +2. (Law) The concurrence of several titles to the same +proof. +Accumulation of energy or power, the storing of energy by +means of weights lifted or masses put in motion; electricity +stored. P An accumulation of degrees (Eng. Univ.), the +taking of several together, or at smaller intervals than +usual or than is allowed by the rules. +AcOcu6muOlaOtive (#), a. Characterized by accumulation; +serving to collect or amass; cumulative; additional. P +AcOcu6muOlaOtiveOly, adv. P AcOcu6muOlaOtiveOness, n. +AcOcu6muOla7tor (#), n. [L.] 1. One who, or that which, +accumulates, collects, or amasses. +2. (Mech.) An apparatus by means of which energy or power +can be stored, such as the cylinder or tank for storing +water for hydraulic elevators, the secondary or storage +battery used for accumulating the energy of electrical +charges, etc. +3. A system of elastic springs for relieving the strain upon +a rope, as in deepPsea dredging. +Ac6cuOraOcy (#; 277), n. [See Accurate.] The state of being +accurate; freedom from mistakes, this exemption arising from +carefulness; exact conformity to truth, or to a rule or +model; precision; exactness; nicety; correctness; as, the +value of testimony depends on its accuracy. +The professed end [of logic] is to teach men to think, to +judge, and to reason, with precision and accuracy. +Reid. +The accuracy with which the piston fits the sides. +Lardner. +Ac6cuOrate (#), a. [L. accuratus, p. p. and a., fr. accurare +to take care of; ad + curare to take care, cura care. See +Cure.] 1. In exact or careful conformity to truth, or to +some standard of requirement, the result of care or pains; +free from failure, error, or defect; exact; as, an accurate +calculator; an accurate measure; accurate expression, +knowledge, etc. +2. Precisely fixed; executed with care; careful. [Obs.] +Those conceive the celestial bodies have more accurate +influences upon these things below. +Bacon. +Syn. P Correct; exact; just; nice; particular. P Accurate, +Correct, Exact, Precise. We speak of a thing as correct with +reference to some rule or standard of comparison; as, a +correct account, a correct likeness, a man of correct +deportment. We speak of a thing as accurate with reference +to the care bestowed upon its execution, and the increased +correctness to be expected therefrom; as, an accurate +statement, an accurate detail of particulars. We speak of a +thing as exact with reference to that perfected state of a +thing in which there is no defect and no redundance; as, an +exact coincidence, the exact truth, an exact likeness. We +speak of a thing as precise when we think of it as strictly +conformed to some rule or model, as if cut down thereto; as +a precise conformity instructions; precisely right; he was +very precise in giving his directions. +Ac6cuOrateOly, adv. In an accurate manner; exactly; +precisely; without error or defect. +Ac6cuOrateOness, n. The state or quality of being accurate ; +accuracy; exactness; nicety; precision. + +AcOcurse6 (#), v. t. [OE. acursien, acorsien; pref. a + +cursien to curse. See Curse.] To devote to destruction; to +imprecate misery or evil upon; to curse; to execrate; to +anathematize. +And the city shall be accursed. +Josh. vi. 17. +Thro' you, my life will be accurst. +Tennyson. + +AcOcursed6 (#), AcOcurst6 (#), } p. p. & a. Doomed to +destruction or misery; cursed; hence, bad enough to be under +the curse; execrable; detestable; exceedingly hateful; P as, +an accursed deed. Shak. P AcOcurs6edOly, adv. P +AcOcurs6edOness, n. + +AcOcus6aOble (#), a. [L. accusabilis: cf. F. accusable.] +Liable to be accused or censured; chargeable with a crime or +fault; blamable; P with of. + +AcOcus6al (#), n. Accusation. [R.] +Byron. +AcOcus6ant (#), n. [L. accusans, p. pr. of accusare: cf. F. +accusant.] An accuser. +Bp. Hall. +Ac7cuOsa6tion (#), n. [OF. acusation, F. accusation, L. +accusatio, fr. accusare. See Accuse.] +1. The act of accusing or charging with a crime or with a +lighter offense. +We come not by the way of accusation +To taint that honor every good tongue blesses. +Shak. +2. That of which one is accused; the charge of an offense or +crime, or the declaration containing the charge. +[They] set up over his head his accusation. +Matt. xxvii. 37. +Syn. P Impeachment; crimination; censure; charge. + +AcOcu7saOti6val (#), a. Pertaining to the accusative case. +AcOcu6saOtive (#), a. [F. accusatif, L. accusativus (in +sense 2), fr. accusare. See Accuse.] +1. Producing accusations; accusatory. =This hath been a very +accusative age.8 +Sir E. Dering. +2. (Gram.) Applied to the case (as the fourth case of Latin +and Greek nouns) which expresses the immediate object on +which the action or influence of a transitive verb +terminates, or the immediate object of motion or tendency +to, expressed by a preposition. It corresponds to the +objective case in English. +AcOcu6saOtive, n. (Gram.) The accusative case. + +AxOcu6saOtiveOly, adv. 1. In an accusative manner. +2. In relation to the accusative case in grammar. + +AcOcu7saOto6riOal (#), a. Accusatory. + +AcOcu7saOto6riOalOly, adv. By way accusation. + +AcOcu6saOtoOry (#), a. [L. accusatorius, fr. accusare.] +Pertaining to, or containing, an accusation; as, an +accusatory libel. +Grote. + +AcOcuse6 (#), n. Accusation. [Obs.] +Shak. +AcOcuse6, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accused (#); p. pr. & vb. n. +Accusing.] [OF. acuser, F. accuser, L. accusare, to call to +account, accuse; ad + causa cause, lawsuit. Cf. Cause.] 1. +To charge with, or declare to have committed, a crime or +offense; (Law) to charge with an offense, judicially or by a +public process; P with of; as, to accuse one of a high crime +or misdemeanor. +Neither can they prove the things whereof they now accuse +me. +Acts xxiv. 13. +We are accused of having persuaded Austria and Sardinia to +lay down their arms. +Macaulay. +2. To charge with a fault; to blame; to censure. +Their thoughts the meanwhile accusing or else excusing one +another. +Rom. ii. 15. +3. To betray; to show. [L.] +Sir P. Sidney. +Syn. P To charge; blame; censure; reproach; criminate; +indict; impeach; arraign. P To Accuse, Charge, Impeach, +Arraign. These words agree in bringing home to a person the +imputation of wrongdoing. To accuse is a somewhat formal +act, and is applied usually (though not exclusively) to +crimes; as, to accuse of treason. Charge is the most +generic. It may refer to a crime, a dereliction of duty, a +fault, etc.; more commonly it refers to moral delinquencies; +as, to charge with dishonesty or falsehood. To arraign is to +bring (a person) before a tribunal for trial; as, to arraign +one before a court or at the bar public opinion. To impeach +is officially to charge with misbehavior in office; as, to +impeach a minister of high crimes. Both impeach and arraign +convey the idea of peculiar dignity or impressiveness. + +AcOcused6 (#), a. Charged with offense; as, an accused +person. +Commonly used substantively; as, the accused, one charged +with an offense; the defendant in a criminal case. + +AcOcuse6ment (#), n. [OF. acusement. See Accuse.] +Accusation. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AcOcus6er (#), n. [OE. acuser, accusour; cf. OF. acuseor, +fr. L. accusator, fr. accusare.] One who accuses; one who +brings a charge of crime or fault. +AcOcus6ingOly, adv. In an accusing manner. + +AcOcus6tom (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Accustomed (#); p. pr. & +vb. n. Accustoming.] [OF. acostumer, acustumer, F. +accoutumer; ? (L. ad) + OF. costume, F. coutume, custom. See +Custom.] To make familiar by use; to habituate, familiarize, +or inure; P with to. +I shall always fear that he who accustoms himself to fraud +in little things, wants only opportunity to practice it in +greater. +Adventurer. +Syn. P To habituate; inure; exercise; train. + +AcOcus6tom, v. i. 1. To be wont. [Obs.] +Carew. +2. To cohabit. [Obs.] +We with the best men accustom openly; you with the basest +commit private adulteries. +Milton. +AcOcus6tom, n. Custom. [Obs.] +Milton. +AcOcus6tomOaOble (#), a. Habitual; customary; wonted. +=Accustomable goodness.8 +Latimer. +AcOcus6tomOaObly, adv. According to custom; ordinarily; +customarily. +Latimer. +AcOcus6tomOance (#), n. [OF. accoustumance, F. +accoutumance.] Custom; habitual use. [Obs.] +Boyle. +AcOcust6tomOaOriOly (#), adv. Customarily. [Obs.] + +AcOcus6tomOaOry (#), a. Usual; customary. [Archaic] +Featley. +AcOcus6tomed (#), a. 1. Familiar through use; usual; +customary. =An accustomed action.8 +Shak. +2. Frequented by customers. [Obs.] =A well accustomed shop.8 +Smollett. +AcOcus6tomedOness, n. Habituation. +Accustomedness to sin hardens the heart. +Bp. Pearce. +Ace (#), n.; pl. Aces (#). [OE. as, F. as, fr. L. as, assis, +unity, copper coin, the unit of coinage. Cf. As.] +1. A unit; a single point or spot on a card or die; the card +or die so marked; as, the ace of diamonds. +2. Hence: A very small quantity or degree; a particle; an +atom; a jot. +I 'll not wag an ace further. +Dryden. +To bate an ace, to make the least abatement. [Obs.] P Within +an ace of, very near; on the point of. +W. Irving. +AOcel6daOma (#), n. [Gr. ?, fr. Syr. ?k?l dam? the field of +blood.] The potter's field, said to have lain south of +Jerusalem, purchased with the bribe which Judas took for +betraying his Master, and therefore called the field of +blood. Fig.: A field of bloodshed. +The system of warfare... which had already converted immense +tracts into one universal aceldama. +De Quincey. +AOcen6tric (#), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? a point, a center.] Not +centered; without a center. + +Ac6eOphal (#), n. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? head: cf. F. acphale, +LL. acephalus.] (Zol.) One of the Acephala. + +X AOceph6aOla (#), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, adj. neut. pl., +headless. See Acephal.] (Zol.) That division of the +Mollusca which includes the bivalve shells, like the clams +and oysters; P so called because they have no evident head. +Formerly the group included the Tunicata, Brachiopoda, and +sometimes the Bryozoa. See Mollusca. + +AOceph6aOlan (#), n. Same as Acephal. + +AOceph6aOlan, a. (Zol.) Belonging to the Acephala. + +X AOceph6aOli (#), n. pl. [LL., pl. of acephalus. See +Acephal.] 1. A fabulous people reported by ancient writers +to have heads. +2. (Eccl. Hist.) (a) A Christian sect without a leader. (b) +Bishops and certain clergymen not under regular diocesan +control. +3. A class of levelers in the time of K. Henry I. + +AOceph6aOlist (#), n. One who acknowledges no head or +superior. +Dr. Gauden. +AOceph6aOloOcyst (#), n. [Gr. ? without a head + ? bladder.] +(Zol.) A larval entozon in the form of a subglobular or +oval vesicle, or hy datid, filled with fluid, sometimes +found in the tissues of man and the lower animals; P so +called from the absence of a head or visible organs on the +vesicle. These cysts are the immature stages of certain +tapeworms. Also applied to similar cysts of different +origin. + +AOceph7aOloOcys6tic (#), a. Pertaining to, or resembling, +the acephalocysts. + +AOceph6aOlous (#), a. [See Acephal.] +1. Headless. +2. (Zol.) Without a distinct head; P a term applied to +bivalve mollusks. +3. (Bot.) Having the style spring from the base, instead of +from the apex, as is the case in certain ovaries. +4. Without a leader or chief. +5. Wanting the beginning. +A false or acephalous structure of sentence. +De Quincey. + +6. (Pros.) Deficient and the beginning, as a line of poetry. +Brande. +Ac6erOate (#), n. [See Aceric.] (Chem.) A combination of +aceric acid with a salifiable base. + +Ac6erOate, a. Acerose; needleOshaped. + +AOcerb6 (#), a. [L. acerbus, fr. acer sharp: cf. F. acerbe. +See Acrid.] Sour, bitter, and harsh to the taste, as unripe +fruit; sharp and harsh. + +AOcerb6ate (#), v. t. [L. acerbatus, p. p. of acerbare, fr. +acerbus.] To sour; to imbitter; to irritate. + +AOcerb6ic (#), a. Sour or severe. + +AOcerb6iOtude (#), n. [L. acerbitudo, fr. acerbus.] Sourness +and harshness. [Obs.] +Bailey. +AOcerb6iOty (#), n. [F. acerbit, L. acerbitas, fr. acerbus. +See Acerb.] 1. Sourness of taste, with bitterness and +astringency, like that of unripe fruit. +2. Harshness, bitterness, or severity; as, acerbity of +temper, of language, of pain. +Barrow. +AOcer6ic (#), a. [L. acer maple.] Pertaining to, or obtained +from, the maple; as, aceric acid. +Ure. +Ac6erOose7 (#), a. [(a) L. acerosus chaffy, fr. acus, gen. +aceris, chaff; (b) as if fr. L. acus needle: cf. F. +acreux.] (Bot.) (a) Having the nature of chaff; chaffy. (b) +NeedlePshaped, having a sharp, rigid point, as the leaf of +the pine. + +Ac6erOous (#), a. Same as Acerose. + +Ac6erOous, a. [Gr. <a> priv. + <keras> a horn.] (Zol.) (a) +Destitute of tentacles, as certain mollusks. (b) Without +antenn, as some insects. + +AOcer6val (#), a. [L. acervalis, fr. acervus heap.] +Pertaining to a heap. [Obs.] + +AOcer6vate (#), v. t. [L. acervatus, p. p. of acervare to +heap up, fr. acervus heap.] To heap up. [Obs.] +AOcer6vate (#), a. Heaped, or growing in heaps, or closely +compacted clusters. + +Ac7erOva6tion (#), n. [L. acervatio.] A heaping up; +accumulation. [R.] +Johnson. +AOcer6vaOtive (#), a. Heaped up; tending to heap up. + +AOcer6vose (#), a. Full of heaps. [R.] +Bailey. + +AOcer6vuOline (#), a. Resembling little heaps. + +AOces6cence (#), AOces6cenOcy (#), } n. [Cf. F. acescence. +See Acescent.] The quality of being acescent; the process of +acetous fermentation; a moderate degree of sourness. +Johnson. +AOces6cent (#), a. [L. acescens, Oentis, p. pr. of acescere +to turn sour; inchoative of acere to be sour: cf. F. +acescent. See Acid.] Turning sour; readily becoming tart or +acid; slightly sour. +Faraday. + +AOces6cent, n. A substance liable to become sour. + +Ac6eOtaOble (#), n. An acetabulum; or about one eighth of a +pint. [Obs.] +Holland. +Ac7eOtab6uOlar (#), a. CupOshaped; saucerPshaped; +acetabuliform. +X Ac7eOtab7uOlif6eOra (#), n. pl. [NL. See Acetabuliferous.] +(Zol.) The division of Cephalopoda in which the arms are +furnished with cupPshaped suckers, as the cuttlefishes, +squids, and octopus; the Dibranchiata. See Cephalopoda. +Ac7eOtab7uOlif6erOous (#), a. [L. acetablum a little cup + +Oferous.] Furnished with fleshy cups for adhering to bodies, +as cuttlefish, etc. +Ac7eOtab6uOliOform (#), a. [L. acetabulum + Oform.] (Bot.) +Shaped like a shallow; saucerPshaped; as, an acetabuliform +calyx. +Gray. +X Ac7eOtab6uOlum (#), n. [L., a little saucer for vinegar, +fr. acetum vinegar, fr. acere to be sour.] +1. (Rom. Antiq.) A vinegar cup; socket of the hip bone; a +measure of about one eighth of a pint, etc. +2. (Anat.) (a) The bony cup which receives the head of the +thigh bone. (b) The cavity in which the leg of an insect is +inserted at its articulation with the body. (c) A sucker of +the sepia or cuttlefish and related animals. (d) The large +posterior sucker of the leeches. (e) One of the lobes of the +placenta in ruminating animals. + +Ac6eOtal (#), n. [Aceic + alcohol.] (Chem.) A limpid, +colorless, inflammable liquid from the slow oxidation of +alcohol under the influence of platinum black. + +Ac7etOal6deOhyde (#), n. Acetic aldehyde. See Aldehyde. + +Ac7etOam6ide (#), n. [Acetyl + amide.] (Chem.) A white +crystalline solid, from ammonia by replacement of an +equivalent of hydrogen by acetyl. + +Ac7etOan6iOlide (#), n. [Acetyl + anilide.] (Med.) A +compound of aniline with acetyl, used to allay fever or +pain; P called also antifebrine. + +Ac7eOta6riOous (#), a. [L. acetaria, n. pl., salad, fr. +acetum vinegar, fr. acere to be sour.] Used in salads; as, +acetarious plants. + + p. 15 + +Ac6eOtaOry (#), n. [L. acetaria salad plants.] An acid pulp +in certain fruits, as the pear. +Grew. +Ac6eOtate (#), n. [L. acetum vinegar, fr. acere to be sour.] +(Chem.) A salt formed by the union of acetic acid with a +base or positive radical; as, acetate of lead, acetate of +potash. + +Ac6eOta7ted (#), a. Combined with acetic acid. + +AOce6tic (#; 277), a. [L. acetum vinegar, fr. acere to be +sour.] (Chem.) (a) Of a pertaining to vinegar; producing +vinegar; producing vinegar; as, acetic fermentation. (b) +Pertaining to, containing, or derived from, acetyl, as +acetic ether, acetic acid. The latter is the acid to which +the sour taste of vinegar is due. + +AOcet7iOfiOca6tion (#), n. The act of making acetous or +sour; the process of converting, or of becoming converted, +into vinegar. + +AOcet6iOfi7er (#), n. An apparatus for hastening +acetification. +Knight. + +AOcet6iOfy (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acetified (#); p. pr. & +vb. n. Acetifying (#).] [L. acetum vinegar + Ofly.] To +convert into acid or vinegar. + +AOcet6iOfy, v. i. To turn acid. +Encyc. Dom. Econ. + +Ac7eOtim6eOter (#), n. [L. acetum vinegar + Ometer: cf. F. +actim +tre.] An instrument for estimating the amount of +acetic acid in vinegar or in any liquid containing acetic +acid. + +Ac7eOtim6eOtry (#), n. The act or method of ascertaining the +strength of vinegar, or the proportion of acetic acid +contained in it. +Ure. +Ac6eOtin (#), n. (Chem.) A combination of acetic acid with +glycerin. +Brande & C. +Ac6eOtize (#), v. i. To acetify. [R.] + +Ac7eOtom6eOter (#), n. Same as Acetimeter. +Brande & C. + +Ac6eOtone (#), n. [See Acetic.] (Chem.) A volatile liquid +consisting of three parts of carbon, six of hydrogen, and +one of oxygen; pyroacetic spirit, P obtained by the +distillation of certain acetates, or by the destructive +distillation of citric acid, starch, sugar, or gum, with +quicklime. +5 The term in also applied to a number of bodies of similar +constitution, more frequently called ketones. See Ketone. + +Ac7eOton6ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to acetone; as, +acetonic bodies. + +Ac6eOtose (#), a. Sour like vinegar; acetous. + +Ac7eOtos6iOty (#), n. [LL. acetositas. See Acetous.] The +quality of being acetous; sourness. + +AOce6tous (#; 277), a. [L. acetum vinegar, fr. acere to be +sour.] 1. Having a sour taste; sour; acid. =An acetous +spirit.8 Boyle. =A liquid of an acetous kind.8 +Bp. Lowth. +2. Causing, or connected with, acetification; as, acetous +fermentation. +Acetous acid, a name formerly given to vinegar<-- which +contains acetic acid -->. +Ac6eOtyl (#), n. [L. acetum vinegar + Gr. ? substance. See +Oyl.] (Chem.) A complex, hypothetical radical, composed of +two parts of carbon to three of hydrogen and one of oxygen. +Its hydroxide is acetic acid. + +AOcet6yOlene (#), n. (Chem.) A gaseous compound of carbon +and hydrogen, in the proportion of two atoms of the former +to two of the latter. It is a colorless gas, with a +peculiar, unpleasant odor, and is produced for use as an +illuminating gas in a number of ways, but chiefly by the +action of water on calcium carbide. Its light is very +brilliant. +Watts. +Ach, Ache } (#), n. [F. ache, L. apium parsley.] A name +given to several species of plants; as, smallage, wild +celery, parsley. [Obs.] +Holland. +AOch6an (#), AOcha6ian (#) } a. [L. Achaeus, Achaius; Gr. +?.] Of or pertaining to Achaia in Greece; also, Grecian. P +n. A native of Achaia; a Greek. + +X AOchar6neOment (#), n. [F.] Savage fierceness; ferocity. + +Ach6ate (#), n. An agate. [Obs.] +Evelyn. +AOchate6 (#), n. [F. achat purchase. See Cates.] +1. Purchase; bargaining. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +2. pl. Provisions. Same as Cates. [Obs.] +Spenser. + +X Ach7aOti6na (#), n. [NL., from Gr. ? agate.] (Zol.) A +genus of land snails, often large, common in the warm parts +of America and Africa. + +AOchaOtour6 (#), n. [See Cater.] Purveyor; acater. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +Ache (#), n. [OE. ache, AS. ce, ece, fr. acan to ache. See +Ache, v. i.] Continued pain, as distinguished from sudden +twinges, or spasmodic pain. =Such an ache in my bones.= +Shak. +5 Often used in composition, as, a headache, an earache, a +toothache. + +Ache (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Ached (#); p. pr. & vb. n. +Aching (#).] [OE. aken, AS. acan, both strong verbs, AS. +acan, imp. ?c, p. p. acen, to ache; perh. orig. to drive, +and akin to agent.] To suffer pain; to have, or be in, pain, +or in continued pain; to be distressed. =My old bones ache.8 +Shak. +The sins that in your conscience ache. +Keble. +AOche6an (#), a & n. See Achan, Achaian. + +AOchene6 (#), AOche6niOum (#) } n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? to +gape.] (Bot.) A small, dry, indehiscent fruit, containing a +single seed, as in the buttercup; P called a naked seed by +the earlier botanists. [Written also akene and achnium.] + +AOche6niOal (#), a. Pertaining to an achene. + +Ach6eOron (#), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?.] (Myth.) A river in the +Nether World or infernal regions; also, the infernal regions +themselves. By some of the English poets it was supposed to +be a flaming lake or gulf. +Shak. +Ach7eOron6tic (#), a. Of or pertaining to Acheron; infernal; +hence, dismal, gloomy; moribund. + +AOchiev6aOble (#), a. Capable of being achieved. +Barrow. + +AOchiev6ance (#), n. [Cf. OF. achevance.] Achievement. +[Obs.] +Sir T. Elyot. + +AOchieve6 (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Achieved (#); p. pr. & +vb. n. Achieving (#).] [OE. acheven, OF. achever, achiever, +F. achever, to finish; ? (L. ad) + OF. chief, F. chef, end, +head, fr. L. caput head. See Chief.] 1. To carry on to a +final close; to bring out into a perfected state; to +accomplish; to perform; P as, to achieve a feat, an exploit, +an enterprise. +Supposing faculties and powers to be the same, far more may +be achieved in any line by the aid of a capital, +invigorating motive than without it. +I. Taylor. +2. To obtain, or gain, as the result of exertion; to succeed +in gaining; to win. +Some are born great, some achieve greatness. +Shak. +Thou hast achieved our liberty. +Milton. +[Obs., with a material thing as the aim.] +Show all the spoils by valiant kings achieved. +Prior. +He hath achieved a maid +That paragons description. +Shak. +3. To finish; to kill. [Obs.] +Shak. +Syn. P To accomplish; effect; fulfill; complete; execute; +perform; realize; obtain. See Accomplish. + +AOchieve6ment (#), n. [Cf. F. ach +vement, E. Hatchment.] 1. +The act of achieving or performing; an obtaining by +exertion; successful performance; accomplishment; as, the +achievement of his object. +2. A great or heroic deed; something accomplished by valor, +boldness, or praiseworthy exertion; a feat. +[The exploits] of the ancient saints... do far surpass the +most famous achievements of pagan heroes. +Barrow. +The highest achievements of the human intellect. +Macaulay. +3. (Her.) An escutcheon or ensign armorial; now generally +applied to the funeral shield commonly called hatchment. +Cussans. +AOchiev6er (#), n. One who achieves; a winner. + +Ach7ilOle6an (#), a. Resembling Achilles, the hero of the +Iliad; invincible. + +AOchil6les' ten6don (#), n. [L. Achillis tendo.] (Anat.) The +strong tendon formed of the united tendons of the large +muscles in the calf of the leg, an inserted into the bone of +the heel; P so called from the mythological account of +Achilles being held by the heel when dipped in the River +Styx. + +AOchi6lous (#), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? lip.] (Bot.) Without a +lip. + +Ach6ing (#), a. That aches; continuously painful. See Ache. +P Ach6ingOly, adv. +The aching heart, the aching head. +Longfellow. +X A7chiOo6te (#), n. [Sp. achiote, fr. Indian achiotl.] +Seeds of the annotto tree; also, the coloring matter, +annotto. +AOchlam6yOdate (#), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ?. ?. a short cloak.] +(Zol.) Not possessing a mantle; P said of certain +gastropods. + +Ach7laOmyd6eOous (#), a. (Bot.) Naked; having no floral +envelope, neither calyx nor corolla. + +X AOcho6liOa (#), n. [NL., from Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? bile.] +(Med.) Deficiency or want of bile. + +Ach6oOlous (#), a. (Med.) Lacking bile. + +Ach7roOmat6ic (#), a. [Gr. ? colorless; ? priv. + ?, ?, +color: cf. F. achromatique.] 1. (Opt.) Free from color; +transmitting light without decomposing it into its primary +colors. +2. (Biol.) Uncolored; not absorbing color from a fluid; P +said of tissue. +Achromatic lens (Opt.), a lens composed usually of two +separate lenses, a convex and concave, of substances having +different refractive and dispersive powers, as crown and +flint glass, with the curvatures so adjusted that the +chromatic aberration produced by the one is corrected by +other, and light emerges from the compound lens +undecomposed. P Achromatic prism. See Prism, P Achromatic +telescope, or microscope, one in which the chromatic +aberration is corrected, usually by means of a compound or +achromatic object glass, and which gives images free from +extraneous color. + +Ach7roOmat6icOalOly (#), adv. In an achromatic manner. + +Ach7roOmaOtic6iOty (#), n. Achromatism. + +AOchro6maOtin (#), n. (Biol.) Tissue which is not stained by +fluid dyes. +W. Flemming. + +AOchro6maOtism (#), n. [Cf. F. achromatisme.] The state or +quality of being achromatic; as, the achromatism of a lens; +achromaticity. +Nichol. + +AOchro7maOtiOza6tion (#), n. [Cf. F. achromatisation.] The +act or process of achromatizing. + +AOchro6maOtize (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Achromatized (#); p. +pr. & vb. n. Achromatizing (#).] [Gr. ? priv. + ? color.] To +deprive of color; to make achromatic. + +AOchro6maOtop6sy (#), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? color + ? sight.] +Color blindness; inability to distinguish colors; Daltonism. + +AOchron6ic (#), a. See Acronyc. + +Ach7roOOdex6trin (#), n. [Gr. ? colorless + E. dextrin.] +(Physiol. Chem.) Dextrin not colorable by iodine. See +Dextrin. + +Ach6roOous (#), a. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? color.] Colorless; +achromatic. + +AOchy6lous (#), a. [Gr. ? without juice.] (Physiol.) Without +chyle. + +AOchy6mous (#), a. [Gr. ? without juice.] (Physiol.) Without +chyme. + +X AOcic6uOla (#), n.; pl. Acicul (#). [L., a small needle, +dimin. of acus needle.] (Nat. Hist.) One of the needlelike +or bristlelike spines or prickles of some animals and +plants; also, a needlelike crystal. + +AOcic6uOlar (#), a. NeedlePshaped; slender like a needle or +bristle, as some leaves or crystals; also, having sharp +points like needless. P AOcic6uOlarOly, adv. + +AOcic6uOlate (#), AOcic6uOla6ted (#) } a. (Nat. Hist.) (a) +Furnished with acicul. (b) Acicular. (c) Marked with fine +irregular streaks as if scratched by a needle. +Lindley. +AOcic6uOliOform (#), a. [L. acicula needle + Oform.] +NeedlePshaped; acicular. +AOcic6uOlite (#), n. (Min.) Needle ore. +Brande & C. +Ac6id (#), a. [L. acidus sour, fr. the root ak to be sharp: +cf. F. acide. Cf. Acute.] 1. Sour, sharp, or biting to the +taste; tart; having the taste of vinegar: as, acid fruits or +liquors. Also fig.: SourPtempered. +He was stern and his face as acid as ever. +A. Trollope. +2. Of or pertaining to an acid; as, acid reaction. + +Ac6id, n. 1. A sour substance. +2. (Chem.) One of a class of compounds, generally but not +always distinguished by their sour taste, solubility in +water, and reddening of vegetable blue or violet colors. +They are also characterized by the power of destroying the +distinctive properties of alkalies or bases, combining with +them to form salts, at the same time losing their own +peculiar properties. They all contain hydrogen, united with +a more negative element or radical, either alone, or more +generally with oxygen, and take their names from this +negative element or radical. Those which contain no oxygen +are sometimes called hydracids in distinction from the +others which are called oxygen acids or oxacids. +5 In certain cases, sulphur, selenium, or tellurium may take +the place of oxygen, and the corresponding compounds are +called respectively sulphur acids or sulphacids, selenium +acids, or tellurium acids. When the hydrogen of an acid is +replaced by a positive element or radical, a salt is formed, +and hence acids are sometimes named as salts of hydrogen; as +hydrogen nitrate for nitric acid, hydrogen sulphate for +sulphuric acid, etc. In the old chemistry the name acid was +applied to the oxides of the negative or nonmetallic +elements, now sometimes called anhydrides. + +AOcid6ic (#), a. (Min.) Containing a high percentage of +silica; P opposed to basic. +<PP 2. of or relating to acid; having the character of an +acid, as an acidic solution. PP> + +Ac7idOif6erOous (#), a. [L. acidus sour + Oferous.] +Containing or yielding an acid. + +AOcid6iOfi7aOble (#), a. Capable of being acidified, or +converted into an acid. + +Ac7idOif6ic (#), a. Producing acidity; converting into an +acid. +Dana. +AOcid7iOfiOca6tion (#), n. [Cf. F. acidification.] The act +or process of acidifying, or changing into an acid. +AOcid6iOfi7er (#), n. (Chem.) A simple or compound +principle, whose presence is necessary to produce acidity, +as oxygen, chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc. +AOcid6iOfy (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acidified (#); p. pr. & +vb. n. Acidifying (#). [L. acidus sour, acid + Ofly: cf. F. +acidifier.] 1. To make acid; to convert into an acid; as, to +acidify sugar. +2. To sour; to imbitter. +His thin existence all acidified into rage. +Carlyle. +Ac7idOim6eOter (#), n. [L. acidus acid + Ometer.] (Chem.) An +instrument for ascertaining the strength of acids. +Ure. +Ac7idOim6eOtry (#), n. [L. acidus acid + Ometry.] (Chem.) +The measurement of the strength of acids, especially by a +chemical process based on the law of chemical combinations, +or the fact that, to produce a complete reaction, a certain +definite weight of reagent is required. P Ac7idOiOmet6ricOal +(#), a. +AOcid6iOty (#), n. [L. acidites, fr. acidus: cf. F. acidit. +See Acid.] The quality of being sour; sourness; tartness; +sharpness to the taste; as, the acidity of lemon juice. +Ac6idOly (#), adv. Sourly; tartly. +Ac6idOness (#), n. Acidity; sourness. +AOcid6uOlate (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acidulated (#); p. pr. +& vb. n. Acidulating (#).] [Cf. F. aciduler. See Acidulous.] +To make sour or acid in a moderate degree; to sour somewhat. +Arbuthnot. +AOcid6uOlent (#), a. Having an acid quality; sour; +acidulous. =With anxious, acidulent face.8 +Carlyle. +AOcid6uOlous (#), a. [L. acidulus, dim. of acidus. See +Acid.] Slightly sour; subPacid; sourish; as, an acidulous +tincture. +E. Burke. +Acidulous mineral waters, such as contain carbonic +anhydride. +Ac7iOerOage (#), n. [F. acirage, fr. acier steel.] The +process of coating the surface of a metal plate (as a +stereotype plate) with steellike iron by means of voltaic +electricity; steeling. +Ac6iOform (#), a. [L. acus needle + Oform.] Shaped like a +needle. +Ac6iOna6ceous (#), a. [L. acinus a grape, grapestone.] +(Bot.) Containing seeds or stones of grapes, or grains like +them. +X AOcin6aOces (#), n. [L., from Gr. ?.] (Anc. Hist.) A short +sword or saber. +Ac7iOnac6iOform (#), a. [L. acinaces a short sword + Oform: +cf. F. acinaciforme.] (Bot.) ScimeterPshaped; as, an +acinaciform leaf. +X Ac7iOne6siOa (#), n. (Med.) Same as Akinesia. +X Ac7iOne6t (#), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? immovable.] (Zol.) +A group of suctorial Infusoria, which in the adult stage are +stationary. See Suctoria. +Ac7iOnet6iOform (#), a. [Acinet + Oform.] (Zol.) +Resembling the Acinet. +AOcin6iOform (#), a. [L. acinus a grape, grapestone + Oform: +cf. F. acinoforme.] 1. Having the form of a cluster of +grapes; clustered like grapes. +2. Full of small kernels like a grape. +Ac6iOnose7 (#), Ac6iOnous (#) } a. [L. acinosus, fr. acinus +grapestone.] Consisting of acini, or minute granular +concretions; as, acinose or acinous glands. +Kirwan. + +p. 16 + + +X Ac6iOnus (#), n.; pl. Acini (#). [L., grape, grapestone.] +1. (Bot.) (a) One of the small grains or drupelets which +make up some kinds of fruit, as the blackberry, raspberry, +etc. (b) A grapestone. +2. (Anat.) One of the granular masses which constitute a +racemose or compound gland, as the pancreas; also, one of +the saccular recesses in the lobules of a racemose gland. +Quain. +X Ac7iOpen6ser (#), n. [L., the name of a fish.] (Zol.) A +genus of ganoid fishes, including the sturgeons, having the +body armed with bony scales, and the mouth on the under side +of the head. See Sturgeon. +Ac6iOur7gy (#), n. [Gr. ? a point + ? work.] Operative +surgery. +AcOknow6 (#), v. t. [Pref. aO + know; AS. oncn>wan.] 1. To +recognize. [Obs.] =You will not be acknown, sir.8 +B. Jonson. +2. To acknowledge; to confess. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +To be acknown (often with of or on), to acknowledge; to +confess. [Obs.] +We say of a stubborn body that standeth still in the denying +of his fault. This man will now acknowledge his fault, or, +He will not be acknown of his fault. +Sir T. More. +AcOknowl6edge (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acknowledged (#); p. +pr. & vb. n. Acknowledging (#).] [Prob. fr. pref. aO + the +verb knowledge. See Knowledge, and ci. Acknow.] 1. To of or +admit the knowledge of; to recognize as a fact or truth; to +declare one's belief in; as, to acknowledge the being of a +God. +I acknowledge my transgressions. +Ps. li. 3. +For ends generally acknowledged to be good. +Macaulay. +2. To own or recognize in a particular character or +relationship; to admit the claims or authority of; to give +recognition to. +In all thy ways acknowledge Him. +Prov. iii. 6. +By my soul, I'll ne'er acknowledge thee. +Shak. +3. To own with gratitude or as a benefit or an obligation; +as, to acknowledge a favor, the receipt of a letter. +They his gifts acknowledged none. +Milton. +4. To own as genuine; to assent to, as a legal instrument, +to give it validity; to avow or admit in legal form; as, to +acknowledgea deed. +Syn. P To avow; proclaim; recognize; own; admit; allow; +concede; confess. P Acknowledge, Recognize. Acknowledge is +opposed to keep back, or conceal, and supposes that +something had been previously known to us (though perhaps +not to others) which we now feel bound to lay open or make +public. Thus, a man acknowledges a secret marriage; one who +has done wrong acknowledges his fault; and author +acknowledge his obligation to those who have aided him; we +acknowledge our ignorance. Recognize supposes that we have +either forgotten or not had the evidence of a thing +distinctly before our minds, but that now we know it (as it +were) anew, or receive and admit in on the ground of the +evidence it brings. Thus, we recognize a friend after a long +absence. We recognize facts, principles, truths, etc., when +their evidence is brought up fresh to the mind; as, bad men +usually recognize the providence of God in seasons of +danger. A foreign minister, consul, or agent, of any kind, +is recognized on the ground of his producing satisfactory +credentials. See also Confess. +AcOknowl6edgedOly (#), adv. Confessedly. +AcOknowl6edgOer (#), n. One who acknowledges. +AcOknowl6edgOment (#), n. 1. The act of acknowledging; +admission; avowal; owning; confession. =An acknowledgment of +fault.8 +Froude. +2. The act of owning or recognized in a particular character +or relationship; recognition as regards the existence, +authority, truth, or genuineness. +Immediately upon the acknowledgment of the Christian faith, +the eunuch was baptized by Philip. +Hooker. +3. The owning of a benefit received; courteous recognition; +expression of thanks. +Shak. +4. Something given or done in return for a favor, message, +etc. +Smollett. +5. A declaration or avowal of one's own act, to give it +legal validity; as, the acknowledgment of a deed before a +proper officer. Also, the certificate of the officer +attesting such declaration. +Acknowledgment money, in some parts of England, a sum paid +by copyhold tenants, on the death of their landlords, as an +acknowledgment of their new lords. +Cowell. +Syn. P Confession; concession; recognition; admission; +avowal; recognizance. +AOclin6ic (#), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? to incline.] (Physics.) +Without inclination or dipping; P said the magnetic needle +balances itself horizontally, having no dip. The aclinic +line is also termed the magnetic equator. +Prof. August. +Ac6me (#), n. [Gr. ? point, top.] 1. The top or highest +point; the culmination. +The very acme and pitch of life for epic poetry. +Pope. +The moment when a certain power reaches the acme of its +supremacy. +I. Taylor. +2. (Med.) The crisis or height of a disease. +3. Mature age; full bloom of life. +B. Jonson. +Ac6ne (#), n. [NL., prob. a corruption of Gr. ?] (Med.) A +pustular affection of the skin, due to changes in the +sebaceous glands. +AcOno6dal (#), a. Pertaining to acnodes. +Ac6node (#), n. [L. acus needle + E. node.] (Geom.) An +isolated point not upon a curve, but whose cordinates +satisfy the equation of the curve so that it is considered +as belonging to the curve. +AOcock6 (#), adv. [Pref. aO + cock.] In a cocked or turned +up fashion. +AOcock6bill7 (#), adv. [Prefix aO + cock + bill: with bills +cocked up.] (Naut.) (a) Hanging at the cathead, ready to let +go, as an anchor. (b) Topped up; having one yardarm higher +than the other. +AOcold6 (#), a. [Prob. p. p. of OE. acolen to grow cold or +cool, AS. >c?lian to grow cold; pref. aO (cf. Goth. erO, +orig. meaning out) + c?lian to cool. See Cool.] Cold. [Obs.] +=Poor Tom's acold.8 +Shak. +Ac7oOlog6ic (#), a. Pertaining to acology. +AOcol6oOgy (#), n. [Gr. ? remedy + Ology.] Materia medica; +the science of remedies. +AOcol6oOthist (#), n. See Acolythist. +Ac7oOlyc6tine (#), n. [From the name of the plant.] (Chem.) +An organic base, in the form of a white powder, obtained +from Aconitum lycoctonum. +Eng. Cyc. +Ac7oOlyte (#), n. [LL. acolythus, acoluthus, Gr. ? +following, attending: cf. F. acolyte.] +1. (Eccl.) One who has received the highest of the four +minor orders in the Catholic church, being ordained to carry +the wine and water and the lights at the Mass. +2. One who attends; an assistant. =With such chiefs, and +with James and John as acolytes.8 +Motley. +Ac6oOlyth (#), n. Same as Acolyte. +AOcol6yOthist (#), n. An acolyte. [Obs.] +AOcond6dyOlose7 (#), AOcon6dyOlous (#), } a. [Gr. ? priv. + +? joint.] (Nat. Hist.) Being without joints; jointless. +Ac7oOni6tal (#), a. Of the nature of aconite. +Ac6oOnite (#), n. [L. aconitum, Gr. ?: cf. F. aconit.] 1. +(Bot.) The herb wolfsbane, or monkshood; P applied to any +plant of the genus Aconitum (tribe Hellebore), all the +species of which are poisonous. +2. An extract or tincture obtained from Aconitum napellus, +used as a poison and medicinally. +Winter aconite, a plant (Eranthis hyemalis) allied to the +aconites. +X Ac7oOni6tiOa (#), n. (Chem.) Same as Aconitine. +Ac7oOnit6ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to aconite. +AOcon6iOtine (#), n. (Chem.) An intensely poisonous +alkaloid, extracted from aconite. +X Ac7oOni6tum (#), n. [L. See Aconite.] The poisonous herb +aconite; also, an extract from it. +Strong +As aconitum or rash gunpowder. +Shak. +X AOcon6tiOa (#), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. ? a little dart.] +(Zol.) Threadlike defensive organs, composed largely of +nettling cells (cnid), thrown out of the mouth or special +pores of certain Actini when irritated. +X AOcon6tiOas (#), n. [NL., from Gr. ?, fr. ?, dim. ? dart.] +(Zol.) Anciently, a snake, called dart snake; now, one of a +genus of reptiles closely allied to the lizards. +AOcop6ic (#), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? striking. weariness, ? to +strike.] (Med.) Relieving weariness; restorative. +Buchanan. +A6corn (#), n. [AS. cern, fr. cer field, acre; akin to D. +aker acorn, Ger. ecker, Icel. akarn, Dan. agern, Goth. akran +fruit, akrs field; P orig. fruit of the field. See Acre.] 1. +The fruit of the oak, being an oval nut growing in a woody +cup or cupule. +2. (Naut.) A conePshaped piece of wood on the point of the +spindle above the vane, on the mastPhead. +3. (Zol.) See AcornPshell. +A6corn cup (#). The involucre or cup in which the acorn is +fixed. +A6corned (#), a. 1. Furnished or loaded with acorns. +2. Fed or filled with acorns. [R.] +Shak. +A6cornPshell7 (#), n. (Zol.) One of the sessile cirripeds; +a barnacle of the genus Balanus. See Barnacle. +AOcos6mism (#), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? world.] A denial of the +existence of the universe as distinct from God. +AOcos6mist (#), n. [See Acosmism.] One who denies the +existence of the universe, or of a universe as distinct from +God. +G. H. Lewes. +AOcot7yOle6don (#; 277), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? anything +cupPshaped. See Cotyledon.] (Bot.) A plant which has no +cotyledons, as the dodder and all flowerless plants. +AOcot7yOled6onOous (#; 277), a. Having no seed lobes, as the +dodder; also applied to plants which have no true seeds, as +ferns, mosses, etc. +AOcou6chy (#), n. [F. acouchi, from the native name Guiana.] +(Zol.) A small species of agouti (Dasyprocta acouchy). +AOcou6meOter (#), n. [Gr. ? to hear + Ometer.] (Physics.) An +instrument for measuring the acuteness of the sense of +hearing. +Itard. +AOcou6meOtry (#), n. [Gr. ? to hear + Ometry.] The measuring +of the power or extent of hearing. +AOcous6tic (#; 277), a. [F. acoustique, Gr. ? relating to +hearing, fr. ? to hear.] Pertaining to the sense of hearing, +the organs of hearing, or the science of sounds; auditory. +Acoustic duct, the auditory duct, or external passage of the +ear. P Acoustic telegraph, a telegraph making audible +signals; a telephone. P Acoustic vessels, brazen tubes or +vessels, shaped like a bell, used in ancient theaters to +propel the voices of the actors, so as to render them +audible to a great distance. +AOcous6tic, n. A medicine or agent to assist hearing. +AOcous6ticOal (#), a. Of or pertaining to acoustics. +AOcous6ticOalOly (#), adv. In relation to sound or to +hearing. +Tyndall. +Ac7ousOti6cian (#), n. One versed in acoustics. +Tyndall. +AOcous6tics (#; 277), n. [Names of sciences in Oics, as, +acoustics, mathematics, etc., are usually treated as +singular. See Oics.] (Physics.) The science of sounds, +teaching their nature, phenomena, and laws. +Acoustics, then, or the science of sound, is a very +considerable branch of physics. +Sir J. Herschel. +5 The science is, by some writers, divided, into +diacoustics, which explains the properties of sounds coming +directly from the ear; and catacoustica, which treats of +reflected sounds or echoes. +AcOquaint6 (#), a. [OF. acoint. See Acquaint, v. t.] +Acquainted. [Obs. or Archaic] +AcOquaint6, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acquainted; p. pr. & vb. n. +Acquainting.] [OE. aqueinten, acointen, OF. acointier, LL. +adcognitare, fr. L. ad + cognitus, p. p. of cognoscere to +know; conO + noscere to know. See Quaint, Know.] 1. To +furnish or give experimental knowledge of; to make (one) to +know; to make familiar; P followed by with. +Before a man can speak on any subject, it is necessary to be +acquainted with it. +Locke. +A man of sorrows and acquainted with grief. +Isa. liii. 3. +2. To communicate notice to; to inform; to make cognizant; P +followed by with (formerly, also, by of), or by that, +introducing the intelligence; as, to acquaint a friend with +the particulars of an act. +Acquaint her here of my son Paris' love. +Shak. +I must acquaint you that I have received +New dated letters from Northumberland. +Shak. +3. To familiarize; to accustom. [Obs.] +Evelyn. +To be acquainted with, to be possessed of personal knowledge +of; to be cognizant of; to be more or less familiar with; to +be on terms of social intercourse with. +Syn. P To inform; apprise; communicate; advise. +AcOquaint6aOble (#), a. [Cf. OF. acointable. Easy to be +acquainted with; affable. [Obs.] +Rom. of R. +AcOquaint6ance (#), n. [OE. aqueintance, OF. acointance, fr. +acointier. See Acquaint.] 1. A state of being acquainted, or +of having intimate, or more than slight or superficial, +knowledge; personal knowledge gained by intercourse short of +that of friendship or intimacy; as, I know the man; but have +no acquaintance with him. +Contract no friendship, or even acquaintance, with a +guileful man. +Sir W. Jones. +2. A person or persons with whom one is acquainted. +Montgomery was an old acquaintance of Ferguson. +Macaulay. +5 In this sense the collective term acquaintance was +formerly both singular and plural, but it is now commonly +singular, and has the regular plural acquaintances. +To be of acquaintance, to be intimate. P To take +acquaintance of or with, to make the acquaintance of. [Obs.] +Syn. P Familiarity; intimacy; fellowship; knowledge. P +Acquaintance, Familiarity, Intimacy. These words mark +different degrees of closeness in social intercourse. +Acquaintance arises from occasional intercourse; as, our +acquaintance has been a brief one. We can speak of a slight +or an intimate acquaintance. Familiarity is the result of +continued acquaintance. It springs from persons being +frequently together, so as to wear off all restraint and +reserve; as, the familiarity of old companions. Intimacy is +the result of close connection, and the freest interchange +of thought; as, the intimacy of established friendship. +Our admiration of a famous man lessens upon our nearer +acquaintance with him. +Addison. +We contract at last such a familiarity with them as makes it +difficult and irksome for us to call off our minds. +Atterbury. +It is in our power to confine our friendships and intimacies +to men of virtue. +Rogers. +AcOquaint6anceOship, n. A state of being acquainted; +acquaintance. +Southey. +AcOquaint6ant (#), n. [Cf. F. acointant, p. pr.] An +acquaintance. [R.] +Swift. +AcOquaint6ed, a. Personally known; familiar. See To be +acquainted with, under Acquaint, v. t. +AcOquaint6edOness, n. State of being acquainted; degree of +acquaintance. [R.] +Boyle. +AcOquest6 (#), n. [OF. aquest, F. acqut, fr. LL. acquestum, +acquisFtum, for L. acquisFtum, p. p. (used substantively) of +acquirere to acquire. See Acquire.] +1. Acquisition; the thing gained. [R.] +Bacon. +2. (Law) Property acquired by purchase, gift, or otherwise +than by inheritance. +Bouvier. +Ac7quiOesce6 (#), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Acquiesced (#); p. pr. +& vb. n. Acquiescing (#)] [ L. acquiescere; ad + quiescere +to be quiet, fr. quies rest: cf. F. acquiescer. See Quiet.] +1. To rest satisfied, or apparently satisfied, or to rest +without opposition and discontent (usually implying previous +opposition or discontent); to accept or consent by silence +or by omitting to object; P followed by in, formerly also by +with and to. +They were compelled to acquiesce in a government which they +did not regard as just. +De Quincey. +2. To concur upon conviction; as, to acquiesce in an +opinion; to assent to; usually, to concur, not heartily but +so far as to forbear opposition. +Syn. P To submit; comply; yield; assent; agree; consent; +accede; concur; conform; accept tacitly. +Ac7quiOes6cence (#), n. [Cf. F. acquiescence.] +1. A silent or passive assent or submission, or a submission +with apparent content; P distinguished from avowed consent +on the one hand, and on the other, from opposition or open +discontent; quiet satisfaction. +2. (Crim. Law) (a) Submission to an injury by the party +injured. (b) Tacit concurrence in the action of another. +Wharton. + +p. 17 + + +Ac7quiOes6cenOcy (#), n. The quality of being acquiescent; +acquiescence. +Ac7 quiOes6cent (#), a. [L. acquiescens, O?entis; p. pr.] +Resting satisfied or submissive; disposed tacitly to submit; +assentive; as, an acquiescent policy. +Ac7quiOes6centOly, adv. In an acquiescent manner. +AcOqui6et (#), v. t. [LL. acquietare; L. ad + quies rest. +See Quiet and cf. Acquit.] To quiet. [Obs.] +Acquiet his mind from stirring you against your own peace. +Sir A. Sherley. +AcOquir6aObil6iOty (#), n. The quality of being acquirable; +attainableness. [R.] +Paley. +AcOquir6aOble (#), a. Capable of being acquired. +AcOquire6 (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acquired (#); p. pr. & +vb. n. Acquiring (#).] [L. acquirere, acquisitum; ad + +quarere to seek for. In OE. was a verb aqueren, fr. the +same, through OF. aquerre. See Quest..] To gain, usually by +one's own exertions; to get as one's own; as, to acquire a +title, riches, knowledge, skill, good or bad habits. +No virtue is acquired in an instant, but step by step. +Barrow. +Descent is the title whereby a man, on the death of his +ancestor, acquires his estate, by right of representation, +as his heir at law. +Blackstone. +Syn. P To obtain; gain; attain; procure; win; earn; secure. +See Obtain. +AcOquire6ment (#), n. The act of acquiring, or that which is +acquired; attainment. =Rules for the acquirement of a +taste.8 +Addison. +His acquirements by industry were... enriched and enlarged +by many excellent endowments of nature. +Hayward. +Syn. P Acquisition, Acquirement. Acquirement is used in +opposition to a natural gift or talent; as, eloquence, and +skill in music and painting, are acquirements; genius is the +gift or endowment of nature. It denotes especially personal +attainments, in opposition to material or external things +gained, which are more usually called acquisitions; but this +distinction is not always observed. +AcOquir6er (#), n. A person who acquires. +AcOquir6y (#), n. Acquirement. [Obs.] +Barrow. +Ac6quiOsite (#), a. [L. acquisitus, p. p. of acquirere. See +Acquire.] Acquired. [Obs.] +Burton. +Ac7quiOsi6tion (#), n. [L. acquisitio, fr. acquirere: cf. F. +acquisition. See Acquire.] 1. The act or process of +acquiring. +The acquisition or loss of a province. +Macaulay. +2. The thing acquired or gained; an acquirement; a gain; as, +learning is an acquisition. +Syn. P See Acquirement. +AcOquis6iOtive (#), a. 1. Acquired. [Obs.] +He died not in his acquisitive, but in his native soil. +Wotton. +2. Able or disposed to make acquisitions; acquiring; as, an +acquisitive person or disposition. +AcOquis6iOtiveOly, adv. In the way of acquisition. +AcOquis6iOtiveOness, n. 1. The quality of being acquisitive; +propensity to acquire property; desire of possession. +2. (Phren.) The faculty to which the phrenologists attribute +the desire of acquiring and possessing. +Combe. +AcOquis6iOtor (#), n. One who acquires. +AcOquist6 (#), n. [Cf. Acquest.] Acquisition; gain. +Milton. +AcOquit6 (#), p. p. Acquitted; set free; rid of. [Archaic] +Shak. +AcOquit6, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acquitted; p. pr. & vb. n. +Acquitting.] [OE. aquiten, OF. aquiter, F. acquitter; ? (L. +ad) + OF. quiter, F. quitter, to quit. See Quit, and cf. +Acquiet.] 1. To discharge, as a claim or debt; to clear off; +to pay off; to requite. +A responsibility that can never be absolutely acquitted. +I. Taylor. +2. To pay for; to atone for. [Obs.] +Shak. +3. To set free, release or discharge from an obligation, +duty, liability, burden, or from an accusation or charge; P +now followed by of before the charge, formerly by from; as, +the jury acquitted the prisoner; we acquit a man of evil +intentions. +4. Reflexively: (a) To clear one's self.k. (b) To bear or +conduct one's self; to perform one's part; as, the soldier +acquitted himself well in battle; the orator acquitted +himself very poorly. +Syn. P To absolve; clear; exonerate; exonerate; exculpate; +release; discharge. See Absolve. +AcOquit6ment (#), n. [Cf. OF. aquitement.] Acquittal. [Obs.] +Milton. +AcOquit6tal (#), n. 1. The act of acquitting; discharge from +debt or obligation; acquittance. +2. (Law) A setting free, or deliverance from the charge of +an offense, by verdict of a jury or sentence of a court. +Bouvier. +AcOquit6tance (#), n. [OF. aquitance, fr. aquiter. See +Acquit.] 1. The clearing off of debt or obligation; a +release or discharge from debt or other liability. +2. A writing which is evidence of a discharge; a receipt in +full, which bars a further demand. +You can produce acquittances +For such a sum, from special officers. +Shak. +AcOquit6tance, v. t. To acquit. [Obs.] +Shak. +AcOquit6ter (#), n. One who acquits or releases. +X AOcra6niOa (#), n. [NL., from Gr. ? priv. + ? skull.] 1. +(Physiol.) Partial or total absence of the skull. +2. pl. (Zol.) The lowest group of Vertebrata, including the +amphioxus, in which no skull exists. +AOcra6niOal (#), a. Wanting a skull. +AOcrase6, AOcraze6 } (#), v. t. [Pref. aO + crase; or cf. F. +craser to crush. See Crase, Craze.] +1. To craze. [Obs.] +Grafton. +2. To impair; to destroy. [Obs.] +Hacket. +X AOcra6siOa (#), Ac6raOsy (#) } n. [Gr. ?.] Excess; +intemperance. [Obs. except in Med.] +Farindon. +X AOcras6peOda (#), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? priv. + ? +border.] (Zol.) A group of acalephs, including most of the +larger jellyfishes; the Discophora. +A6cre (#), n. [OE. aker, AS. cer; akin to OS. accar, OHG. +achar, Ger. acker, Icel. akr, Sw. ker, Dan. ager, Goth. +akrs, L. ager, Gr. ?, Skr. ajra. ?.] 1. Any field of arable +or pasture land. [Obs.] +2. A piece of land, containing 160 square rods, or 4,840 +square yards, or 43,560 square feet. This is the English +statute acre. That of the United States is the same. The +Scotch acre was about 1.26 of the English, and the Irish +1.62 of the English. +5 The acre was limited to its present definite quantity by +statutes of Edward I., Edward III., and Henry VIII. +Broad acres, many acres, much landed estate. [Rhetorical] P +God's acre, God's field; the churchyard. +I like that ancient Saxon phrase, which calls +The burial ground, God's acre. +Longfellow. +A6creOaOble (#), a. Of an acre; per acre; as, the acreable +produce. +A6creOage (#), n. Acres collectively; as, the acreage of a +farm or a country. +A6cred (#), a. Possessing acres or landed property; P used +in composition; as, largePacred men. +Ac6rid (#), a. [L. acer sharp; prob. assimilated in form to +acid. See Eager.] 1. Sharp and harsh, or bitter and not, to +the taste; pungent; as, acrid salts. +2. Causing heat and irritation; corrosive; as, acrid +secretions. +3. Caustic; bitter; bitterly irritating; as, acrid temper, +mind, writing. +Acrid poison, a poison which irritates, corrodes, or burns +the parts to which it is applied. +AOcrid6iOty (#), Ac6ridOness (#) } n. The quality of being +acrid or pungent; irritant bitterness; acrimony; as, the +acridity of a plant, of a speech. +Ac6ridOly (#), adv. In an acid manner. +Ac6riOmo6niOous (#), a. [Cf. LL. acrimonious, F. +acrimonieux.] 1. Acrid; corrosive; as, acrimonious gall. +[Archaic] +Harvey. +2. Caustic; bitterPtempered' sarcastic; as, acrimonious +dispute, language, temper. +Ac7riOmo6niOousOly, adv. In an acrimonious manner. +Ac7riOmo6niOousOness, n. The quality of being acrimonious; +asperity; acrimony. +Ac6riOmoOny (#), n.; pl. Acrimonies (#). [L. acrimonia, fr. +acer, sharp: cf. F. acrimonie.] 1. A quality of bodies which +corrodes or destroys others; also, a harsh or biting +sharpness; as, the acrimony of the juices of certain plants. +[Archaic] +Bacon. +2. Sharpness or severity, as of language or temper; +irritating bitterness of disposition or manners. +John the Baptist set himself with much acrimony and +indignation to baffle this senseless arrogant conceit of +theirs. +South. +Syn. P Acrimony, Asperity, Harshness, Tartness. These words +express different degrees of angry feeling or language. +Asperity and harshness arise from angry feelings, connected +with a disregard for the feelings of others. Harshness +usually denotes needless severity or an undue measure of +severity. Acrimony is a biting sharpness produced by an +imbittered spirit. Tartness denotes slight asperity and +implies some degree of intellectual readiness. Tartness of +reply; harshness of accusation; acrimony of invective. +In his official letters he expressed, with great acrimony, +his contempt for the king's character. +Macaulay. +It is no very cynical asperity not to confess obligations +where no benefit has been received. +Johnson. +A just reverence of mankind prevents the growth of harshness +and brutality. +Shaftesbury. +X AOcris6iOa (#), Ac6riOsy (#), } n. [LL. acrisia, Gr. ?; ? +priv. + ? to separate, to decide.] 1. Inability to judge. +2. (Med.) Undecided character of a disease. [Obs.] +X Ac6riOta (#), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. ? indiscernible; ? +priv. + ? to distinguish.] (Zol.) The lowest groups of +animals, in which no nervous system has been observed. +Ac6riOtan (#), a. (Zol.) Of or pertaining to the Acrita. P +n. An individual of the Acrita. +Ac6rite (#), a. (Zol.) Acritan. +Owen. +AOcrit6icOal (#), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? critical.] (Med.) +Having no crisis; giving no indications of a crisis; as, +acritical symptoms, an acritical abscess. +Ac7riOtoOchro6maOcy (#), n. [Gr. ? undistinguishable; ? +priv. + ? to separate, distinguish + ? color.] Color +blindness; achromatopsy. +Ac6riOtude (#), n. [L. acritudo, from acer sharp.] Acridity; +pungency joined with heat. [Obs.] +Ac6riOty (#), n. [L. acritas, fr. acer sharp: cf. F. +cret.] Sharpness; keenness. [Obs.] +Ac7roOaOmat6ic (#), Ac7roOaOmat6icOal (#), } a. [Gr. ?, fr. +? to hear.] Communicated orally; oral; P applied to the +esoteric teachings of Aristotle, those intended for his +genuine disciples, in distinction from his exoteric +doctrines, which were adapted to outsiders or the public +generally. Hence: Abstruse; profound. +Ac7roOat6ic (#), a. [Gr. ?, fr. ? to hear.] Same as +Acroamatic. +Ac6roObat (#), n. [F. acrobate, fr. Gr. ? walking on tiptoe, +climbing aloft; ? high + ? to go.] One who practices rope +dancing, high vaulting, or other daring gymnastic feats. +Ac7roObat6ic (#), a. [Cf. F. acrobatique.] Pertaining to an +acrobat. P Ac7roObat6icOalOly, adv. +Ac6roObatOism (#), n. Feats of the acrobat; daring +gymnastic feats; high vaulting. +Ac7roOcar6pous (#), a. [Gr. ? extreme, highest + ? fruit.] +(Bot.) (a) Having a terminal fructification; having the +fruit at the end of the stalk. (b) Having the fruit stalks +at the end of a leafy stem, as in certain mosses. +Ac7roOceOphal6ic (#), a. [Gr. ? highest + ?. See Cephalic.] +Characterized by a high skull. +Ac7roOcerph6aOly (#), n. Loftiness of skull. +Ac7roOceOrau6niOan (#), a. [L. acroceraunius, fr. Gr. ? +high, n. pl. ? heights + ? thunderbolt.] Of or pertaining to +the high mountain range of =thunderPsmitten8 peaks (now +Kimara), between Epirus and Macedonia. +Shelley. +X Ac7roOdac6tylOum (#), n. [NL., from Gr. ? topmost + ? +finger.] (Zol.) The upper surface of the toes, +individually. +Ac6roOdont (#), n. [Gr. ? summit + ?, ?, a tooth.] (Zol.) +One of a group of lizards having the teeth immovably united +to the top of the alveolar ridge. P a. Of or pertaining to +the acrodonts. +Ac6roOgen (#), n. [Gr. ? extreme, high + Ogen.] +Ac6roOgen (#), n. [Gr. ? extreme, high + Ogen.] (Bot.) A +plant of the highest class of cryptograms, including the +ferns, etc. See Cryptogamia. +The Age of Acrogens (Geol.), the age of coal plants, or the +carboniferous era. +AcOrog6eOnous (#), a. (Bot.) Increasing by growth from the +extremity; as, an acrogenous plant. +AOcro6leOin (#), n. [L. acer sharp + ol?re to smell.] +(Chem.) A limpid, colorless, highly volatile liquid, +obtained by the dehydration of glycerin, or the destructive +distillation of neutral fats containing glycerin. Its vapors +are intensely irritating. +Watts. +Ac6roOlith (#), n. [L. acrolthus, Gr. ? with the ends made +of stone; ? extreme + ? stone.] (Arch. & Sculp.) A statue +whose extremities are of stone, the trunk being generally of +wood. +Elmes. +AOcrol6iOthan (#), Ac7roOlith6ic (#), } a. Pertaining to, or +like, an acrolith. +Ac7roOmeg6aOly (#), n. [NL. acromegalia, fr. Gr. ? point, +peak + ?, ?, big.] (Med.) Chronic enlargement of the +extreinities and face. +AOcro6miOal (#), a. [Cf. F. acromial.] (Anat.) Of or +pertaining to the acromion. +Dunglison. +X AOcro6miOon (#), n. [Gr. ?; ? extreme + ? shoulder: cf. F. +acromion.] (Anat.) The outer extremity of the shoulder +blade. +Ac7roOmon7oOgramOmat6ic (#), a. [Gr. ? extreme + ? alone + ? +a letter.] Having each verse begin with the same letter as +that with which the preceding verse ends. +AOcron6yc (#), AOcron6ychOal (#), } a. [Gr. ? at nightfall; +? + ? night.] (Astron.) Rising at sunset and setting at +sunrise, as a star; P opposed to cosmical. +5 The word is sometimes incorrectly written acronical, +achronychal, acronichal, and acronical. +AOcron6ycOalOly, adv. In an acronycal manner as rising at +the setting of the sun, and vise vers. +Ac6roOnyc6tous (#), a. [Gr. ?; ? + ?, ?, night.] (Astron.) +Acronycal. +AOcrook6 (#), adv. Crookedly. [R.] +Udall. +AOcrope6eOtal (#), a. [Gr. ? summit + L. petere to seek.] +(Bot.) Developing from below towards the apex, or from the +circumference towards the center; centripetal; P said of +certain inflorescence. +AOchroph6oOny (#), n. [Gr. ? extreme + ? sound.] The use of +a picture symbol of an object to represent phonetically the +initial sound of the name of the object. +X Ac7roOpo6diOum (#), n. [Gr. ? topmost + ?, ?, foot.] +(Zol.) The entire upper surface of the foot. +AOcrop6oOlis (#), n. [Gr. ?; ? extreme + ? city.] The upper +part, or the citadel, of a Grecian city; especially, the +citadel of Athens. +Ac6roOpol6iOtan (#), a. Pertaining to an acropolis. +Ac6roOspire (#), n. [Gr. ? + ? anything twisted.] (Bot.) The +sprout at the end of a seed when it begins to germinate; the +plumule in germination; P so called from its spiral form. +Ac6roOspire, v. i. To put forth the first sprout. +Ac6roOspore (#), n. [Gr. ? + ? fruit.] (Bot.) A spore borne +at the extremity of the cells of fructification in fungi. +Ac6roOspor6ous (#), a. Having acrospores. +AOcross6 (#; 115), prep. [Pref. aO + cross: cf. F. en croix. +See Cross, n.] From side to side; athwart; crosswise, or in +a direction opposed to the length; quite over; as, a bridge +laid across a river. +Dryden. +To come across, to come upon or meet incidentally. Freeman. +P To go across the country, to go by a direct course across +a region without following the roads. +AOcross6, adv. 1. From side to side; crosswise; as, with +arms folded across. +Shak. +2. Obliquely; athwart; amiss; awry. [Obs.] +The squintPeyed Pharisees look across at all the actions of +Christ. +Bp. Hall. +AOcros6tic (#)(#), n. [Gr. ?; ? extreme + ? order, line, +verse.] 1. A composition, usually in verse, in which the +first or the last letters of the lines, or certain other +letters, taken in order, form a name, word, phrase, or +motto. +2. A Hebrew poem in which the lines or stanzas begin with +the letters of the alphabet in regular order (as Psalm +cxix.). See Abecedarian. +Double acrostic, a species of enigma<-- crossword puzzle +-->, in which words are to be guessed whose initial and +final letters form other words. +AOcros6tic (#), AOcros6tiOal (#), } n. Pertaining to, or +characterized by, acrostics. +AOcros6ticOalOly, adv. After the manner of an acrostic. +X Ac7roOtar6siOum (#), n. [NL., from Gr. ? topmost + ? +tarsus.] (Zol.) The instep or front of the tarsus. + + p. 18 + +Ac7roOteOleu6tic (#), n. [Gr. ? extreme + ? end.] (Eccles.) +The end of a verse or psalm, or something added thereto, to +be sung by the people, by way of a response. +Ac6roOter (#), n. [F. acrot +re. See Acroterium.] (Arch.) +Same as Acroterium. +Ac7roOte6riOal (#), a. Pertaining to an acroterium; as, +ornaments. +P. Cyc. +X Ac7roOte7riOum (#), n.; pl. Acroteria (#). [L., fr. Gr. ? +summit, fr. ? topmost.] (Arch.) (a) One of the small +pedestals, for statues or other ornaments, placed on the +apex and at the basal angles of a pediment. Acroteria are +also sometimes placed upon the gables in Gothic +architecture. J. H. Parker. (b) One of the pedestals, for +vases or statues, forming a part roof balustrade. +AOcrot6ic (#), a. [Gr. ? an extreme, fr. ?.] (Med.) +Pertaining to or affecting the surface. +Ac6roOtism (#), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? a rattling, beating.] +(Med.) Lack or defect of pulsation. +AOcrot6oOmous (#), a. [Gr. ? cut off sharp; ? extreme + ? to +cut.] (Min.) Having a cleavage parallel with the base. +AOcryl6ic (#), a. (Chem.) Of or containing acryl, the +hypothetical radical of which acrolein is the hydride; as, +acrylic acid. +Act (#), n. [L. actus, fr. agere to drive, do: cf. F. acte. +See Agent.] 1. That which is done or doing; the exercise of +power, or the effect, of which power exerted is the cause; a +performance; a deed. +That best portion of a good man's life, +His little, nameless, unremembered acts +Of kindness and of love. +Wordsworth. +Hence, in specific uses: (a) The result of public +deliberation; the decision or determination of a legislative +body, council, court of justice, etc.; a decree, edit, law, +judgment, resolve, award; as, an act of Parliament, or of +Congress. (b) A formal solemn writing, expressing that +something has been done. Abbott. (c) A performance of part +of a play; one of the principal divisions of a play or +dramatic work in which a certain definite part of the action +is completed. (d) A thesis maintained in public, in some +English universities, by a candidate for a degree, or to +show the proficiency of a student. +2. A state of reality or real existence as opposed to a +possibility or possible existence. [Obs.] +The seeds of plants are not at first in act, but in +possibility, what they afterward grow to be. +Hooker. +3. Process of doing; action. In act, in the very doing; on +the point of (doing). =In act to shoot.8 +Dryden. +This woman was taken... in the very act. +John viii. 4. +Act of attainder. (Law) See Attainder. P Act of bankruptcy +(Law), an act of a debtor which renders him liable to be +adjudged a bankrupt. P Act of faith. (Ch. Hist.) See +AutoPdaPF?. P Act of God (Law), an inevitable accident; such +extraordinary interruption of the usual course of events as +is no to be looked for in advance, and against which +ordinary prudence could not guard. - Act of grace, an +expression often used to designate an act declaring pardon +amnesty to numerous offenders, as at the beginning, of a new +reign. - Act of indemnity, a statute passed for the +protection of those who have committed some illegal act +subjecting them to penalties. Abbott. - Act in pais, a thing +done out of court (anciently, in the country), and not a +matter of record. +Syn. P See Action. +Act, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Acted; p. pr. & vb. n. Acting.] [L. +actus, p. p. of agere to drive, lead, do; but influenced by +E. act, n.] 1. To move to action; to actuate; to animate. +[Obs.] +SelfPlove, the spring of motion, acts the soul. +Pope. +2. To perform; to execute; to do. [Archaic] +That we act our temporal affairs with a desire no greater +than our necessity. +Jer. Taylor. +Industry doth beget by producing good habits, and facility +of acting things expedient for us to do. +Barrow. +Uplifted hands that at convenient times +Could act extortion and the worst of crimes. +Cowper. +3. To perform, as an actor; to represent dramatically on the +stage. +4. To assume the office or character of; to play; to +personate; as, to act the hero. +5. To feign or counterfeit; to simulate. +With acted fear the villain thus pursued. +Dryden. +To act a part, to sustain the part of one of the characters +in a play; hence, to simulate; to dissemble. - To act the +part of, to take the character of; to fulfill the duties of. +Act, v. i. 1.To exert power; to produce an effect; as, the +stomach acts upon food. +2. To perform actions; to fulfill functions; to put forth +energy; to move, as opposed to remaining at rest; to carry +into effect a determination of the will. +He hangs between, in doubt to act or rest. +Pope. +3. To behave or conduct, as in morals, private duties, or +public offices; to bear or deport one's self; as, we know +not why he has acted so. +4. To perform on the stage; to represent a character. +To show the world how Garrick did not act. +Cowper. +To act as or for, to do the work of; to serve as. - To act +on, to regulate one's conduct according to. - To act up to, +to equal in action; to fulfill in practice; as, he has acted +up to his engagement or his advantages.<-- to act up, to +misbehave --> +Act6aOble (#), a. Capable of being acted. +Tennyson. +Ac6tiOnal (#), a. [Gr. ?, ?, ray.] (Zol.) Pertaining to the +part of a radiate animal which contains the mouth. +L. Agassiz. +X Ac7tiOna6riOa (#), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. ?, ?, ray.] +(Zol.) A large division of Anthozoa, including those which +have simple tentacles and do not form stony corals. +Sometimes, in a wider sense, applied to all the Anthozoa, +expert the Alcyonaria, whether forming corals or not. +Act6ing (#), a. 1. Operating in any way. +2. Doing duty for another; officiating; as, an +superintendent. + X AcOtin6iOa (#), n.; pl. L. Actini (#), E. Actinias (#). +[Latinized fr. Gr. ?, ?, ray.] (Zol.) (a) An animal of the +class Anthozoa, and family Actinid. From a resemblance to +flowers in form and color, they are often called animal +flowers and sea anemones. [See Polyp.]. (b) A genus in the +family Actinid. +AcOtin6ic (#), a. Of or pertaining to actinism; as, actinic +rays. +AcOtin6iOform (#), a. [Gr. ?, ?, ray + Oform.] Having a +radiated form, like a sea anemone. +Ac6tinOism (#), n. [Gr. ?, ? ray.] The property of radiant +energy (found chiefly in solar or electric light) by which +chemical changes are produced, as in photography. +AcOtin6iOum (#), n. [Gr. ?, ?, ray.] (Chem.) A supposed +metal, said by Phipson to be contained in commercial zinc; - +so called because certain of its compounds are darkened by +exposure to light. +Ac7tiOnoPchem6isOtry (#), n. Chemistry in its relations to +actinism. +Draper. +AcOtin6oOgraph (#), n. [Gr. ?, ?, ray + Ograph.] An +instrument for measuring and recording the variations in the +actinic or chemical force of rays of light. +Nichol. +Ac6tinOoid (#), a. [Gr. ?, ?, ray + Ooid.] Having the form +of rays; radiated, as an actinia. +AcOtin6oOlite (#), n. [Gr. ?, ?, ray + Olite.] (Min.) A +bright green variety of amphibole occurring usually in +fibrous or columnar masses. +Ac7tinOoOlit6ic (#), a. (Min.) Of the nature of, or +containing, actinolite. +Ac7tiOnol6oOgy (#), n. [Gr. ?, ?, ray + Ology.] The science +which treats of rays of light, especially of the actinic or +chemical rays. +AcOtin6oOmere (#), n. [Gr. ?, ?, ray + ? part.] (Zol.) One +of the radial segments composing the body of one of the +Coelenterata. +Ac7tiOnom6eOter (#), n. [Gr. ?, ?, ray + Ometer] (a) An +instrument for measuring the direct heating power of the +sun's rays. (b) An instrument for measuring the actinic +effect of rays of light. +Ac7tiOnoOmet6ric (#), a. Pertaining to the measurement of +the intensity of the solar rays, either (a) heating, or (b) +actinic. +Ac7tiOnom6eOtry (#), n. 1. The measurement of the force of +solar radiation. +Maury. +2. The measurement of the chemical or actinic energy of +light. +Abney. +Ac7tiOnoph6oOrous (#), a. [Gr. ?, ?, ray + ? to bear.] +Having straight projecting spines. +AcOtin6oOsome (#), n. [Gr. ? ray + ? body.] (Zol.) The +entire body of a coelenterate. +Ac6tinOost (#), n. [Gr. ?, ?, ray + ? bone.] (Anat.) One of +the bones at the base of a paired fin of a fish. +AcOtin6oOstome (#), n. [Gr. ?, ?, a ray + ? mouth.] (Zol.) +The mouth or anterior opening of a c lenterate animal. +X Ac7tiOnot6roOcha (#), n. pl. [NL.; Gr. ?, ?, a ray + ? a +ring.] (Zol.) A peculiar larval form of Phoronis, a genus +of marine worms, having a circle of ciliated tentacles. +X Ac6tiOnoOzo6a (#), n. pl. [Gr. ?, ?, ray + ? animal.] +(Zol.) A group of Coelenterata, comprising the Anthozoa +Ctenophora. The sea anemone, or actinia, is a familiar +example. +Ac7tiOnoOzo6al (#), a. (Zol.) Of or pertaining to the +Actinozoa. +X Ac6tiOnoOzo6n (#), n. (Zol.) One of the Actinozoa. +X AcOtin6uOla (#), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, ?, a ray.] +(Zol.) A kind of embryo of certain hydroids (Tubularia), +having a stellate form. +Ac6tion (#), n. [OF. action, L. actio, fr. agere to do. See +Act.] 1. A process or condition of acting or moving, as +opposed to rest; the doing of something; exertion of power +or force, as when one body acts on another; the effect of +power exerted on one body by another; agency; activity; +operation; as, the action of heat; a man of action. +One wise in council, one in action brave. +Pope. +2. An act; a thing done; a deed; an enterprise. (pl.): +Habitual deeds; hence, conduct; behavior; demeanor. +The Lord is a Good of knowledge, and by him actions are +weighed. +1 Sam. ii. 3. +3. The event or connected series of events, either real or +imaginary, forming the subject of a play, poem, or other +composition; the unfolding of the drama of events. +4. Movement; as, the horse has a spirited action. +5. (Mech.) Effective motion; also, mechanism; as, the breech +action of a gun. +6. (Physiol.) Any one of the active processes going on in an +organism; the performance of a function; as, the action of +the heart, the muscles, or the gastric juice. +7. (Orat.) Gesticulation; the external deportment of the +speaker, or the suiting of his attitude, voice, gestures, +and countenance, to the subject, or to the feelings. +8. (Paint. & Sculp.) The attitude or position of the several +parts of the body as expressive of the sentiment or passion +depicted. +9. (Law) (a) A suit or process, by which a demand is made of +a right in a court of justice; in a broad sense, a judicial +proceeding for the enforcement or protection of a right, the +redress or prevention of a wrong, or the punishment of a +public offense. (b) A right of action; as, the law gives an +action for every claim. +10. (Com.)A share in the capital stock of a joint-stock +company, or in the public funds; hence, in the plural, +equivalent to stocks. [A Gallicism] [Obs.] +The Euripus of funds and actions. +Burke. +11. An engagement between troops in war, whether on land or +water; a battle; a fight; as, a general action, a partial +action. +12. (Music) The mechanical contrivance by means of which the +impulse of the player's finger is transmitted to the strings +of a pianoforte or to the valve of an organ pipe. +Grove. +Chose in action. (Law) See Chose. - Quantity of action +(Physics), the product of the mass of a body by the space it +runs through, and its velocity. +Syn. P Action, Act. In many cases action and act are +synonymous; but some distinction is observable. Action +involves the mode or process of acting, and is usually +viewed as occupying some time in doing. Act has more +reference to the effect, or the operation as complete. +To poke the fire is an act, to reconcile friends who have +quarreled is a praiseworthy action. +C. J. Smith. +Ac6tionOaOble (#), a. [Cf. LL. actionabilis. See Action.] +That may be the subject of an action or suit at law; as, to +call a man a thief is actionable. +Ac6tionOaObly, adv. In an actionable manner. +Ac6tionOaOry (#), Ac6tionOist (#), } n. [Cf. F. +actionnaire.] (Com.) A shareholder in joint-stock company. +[Obs.] +Ac6tionOless, a. Void of action. +Ac6tiOvate (#), v. t. To make active. [Obs.] +Ac6tive (#), a. [F. actif, L. activus, fr. agere to act.] +1. Having the power or quality of acting; causing change; +communicating action or motion; acting; - opposed to +passive, that receives; as, certain active principles; the +powers of the mind. +Quick in physical movement; of an agile and vigorous body; +nimble; as an active child or animal. +Active and nervous was his gait. +Wordsworth. +3. In action; actually proceeding; working; in force; - +opposed to quiescent, dormant, or extinct; as, active +laws; active hostilities; an active volcano. +4. Given to action; constantly engaged in action; energetic; +diligent; busy; - opposed to dull, sluggish, indolent, or +inert; as, an active man of business; active mind; active +zeal. +5. Requiring or implying action or exertion; - opposed to +sedentary or to tranquil; as, active employment or service; +active scenes. +6. Given to action rather than contemplation; practical; +operative; - opposed to speculative or theoretical; as, an +active rather than a speculative statesman. +7. Brisk; lively; as, an active demand for corn. +8. Implying or producing rapid action; as, an active +disease; an active remedy. +9. (Gram.) (a) Applied to a form of the verb; - opposed to +passive. See Active voice, under Voice. (b) Applied to +verbs which assert that the subject acts upon or affects +something else; transitive. (c) Applied to all verbs that +express action as distinct from mere existence or state. +Active capital, Active wealth, money, or property that may +readily be converted into money. +Syn. - Agile; alert; brisk; vigorous; nimble; lively; quick; +sprightly; prompt; energetic. +Ac6tiveOly, adv. 1. In an active manner; nimbly; briskly; +energetically; also, by one's own action; voluntarily, not +passively. +2. (Gram.) In an active signification; as, a word used +actively. +Ac6tiveOness, n. The quality of being active; nimbleness; +quickness of motion; activity. +AcOtiv6iOty (#), n.; pl. Activities (#). [Cf. F. activit, +LL. activitas.] The state or quality of being active; +nimbleness; agility; vigorous action or operation; energy; +active force; as, an increasing variety of human activities. +=The activity of toil.8 +Palfrey. +Syn. - Liveliness; briskness; quickness. +Act6less (#), a. Without action or spirit. [R.] +Ac6ton (#), n. [OF. aketon, auqueton, F. hoqueton, a quilted +jacket, fr. Sp. alcoton, algodon, cotton. Cf. Cotton.] A +stuffed jacket worn under the mail, or (later) a jacket +plated with mail. [Spelled also hacqueton.] [Obs.] +Halliwell. Sir W. Scott. +Ac6tor (#), n. [L. actor, fr. agere to act.] 1. One who +acts, or takes part in any affair; a doer. +2. A theatrical performer; a stageplayer. +After a well graced actor leaves the stage. +Shak. +3. (Law) (a) An advocate or proctor in civil courts or +causes. Jacobs. (b) One who institutes a suit; plaintiff or +complainant. +Ac7tress (#), n. [Cf. F. actrice.] 1. A female actor or +doer. [Obs.] +Cockeram. +2. A female stageplayer; a woman who acts a part. + +Ac6tuOal (#; 135), a. [OE. actuel, F. actuel, L. actualis, +fr. agere to do, act.] 1. Involving or comprising action; +active. [Obs.] +Her walking and other actual performances. +Shak. +Let your holy and pious intention be actual; that is... by a +special prayer or action,... given to God. +Jer. Taylor. +2. Existing in act or reality; really acted or acting; in +fact; real; - opposed to potential, possible, virtual, +speculative, coceivable, theoretical, or nominal; as, the +actual cost of goods; the actual case under discussion. +3. In action at the time being; now exiting; present; as the +actual situation of the country. +Actual cautery. See under Cautery. - Actual sin (Theol.), +that kind of sin which is done by ourselves in +contradistinction to =original sin.8 +Syn. - Real; genuine; positive; certain. See Real. + + + p. 19 + +Ac6tuOal (#), n. (Finance) Something actually received; +real, as distinct from estimated, receipts. [Cant] +The accounts of revenues supplied . . . were not real +receipts: not, in financial language, =actuals,8 but only +Egyptian budget estimates. +Fortnightly Review. +Ac6tuOalOist, n. One who deals with or considers actually +existing facts and conditions, rather than fancies or +theories; P opposed to idealist. +J. Grote. +Ac7tuOal6iOty (#), n.; pl. Actualities (#). The state of +being actual; reality; as, the actuality of God's nature. +South. +Ac7tuOalOiOza6tion (#), n. A making actual or really +existent. [R.] +Emerson. +Ac6tuOalOize (#), v. t. To make actual; to realize in +action. [R.] +Coleridge. +Ac6tuOalOly, adv. 1. Actively. [Obs.] =Neither actually . . +. nor passively.8 +Fuller. +2. In act or in fact; really; in truth; positively. +Ac6tuOalOness, n. Quality of being actual; actuality. +Ac7tuOa6riOal (#), a. Of or pertaining to actuaries; as, the +actuarial value of an annuity. +Ac6tuOaOry (#), n.; pl. Actuaries (#). [L. actuarius +copyist, clerk, fr. actus, p. p. of agere to do, act.] 1. +(Law) A registar or clerk; P used originally in courts of +civil law jurisdiction, but in Europe used for a clerk or +registar generally. +2. The computing official of an insurance company; one whose +profession it is to calculate for insurance companies the +risks and premiums for life, fire, and other insurances. +Ac6tuOate (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Actuated (#); p. pr. & +vb. n. Actuating (#).] [LL. actuatus, p. p. of actuare, fr. +L. actus act.] 1. To put into action or motion; to move or +incite to action; to influence actively; to move as motives +do; P more commonly used of persons. +Wings, which others were contriving to actuate by the +perpetual motion. +Johnson. +Men of the greatest abilities are most fired with ambition; +and, on the contrary, mean and narrow minds are the least +actuated by it. +Addison. +2. To carry out in practice; to perform. [Obs.] =To actuate +what you command.8 +Jer. Taylor. +Syn. P To move; impel; incite; rouse; instigate; animate. +Ac6tuOate (#), a. [LL. actuatus, p. p. of actuare.] Put in +action; actuated. [Obs.] +South. +Ac7tuOa6tion (#), n. [Cf. LL. actuatio.] A bringing into +action; movement. +Bp. Pearson. +Ac6tuOa7tor (#), n. One who actuates, or puts into action. +[R.] +Melville. +Ac6tuOose7 (#), a. [L. actuosus.] Very active. [Obs.] +Ac7tuOos6iOty (#), n. Abundant activity. [Obs.] +Dr. H. More. +Ac6ture (#), n. Action. [Obs.] +Shak. +AcOtu6riOence (#), n. [A desid. of L. agere, actum, to act.] +Tendency or impulse to act. [R.] +Acturience, or desire of action, in one form or another, +whether as restlessness, ennui, dissatisfaction, or the +imagination of something desirable. +J. Grote. +Ac6uOate (#), v. t. [L. acus needle.] To sharpen; to make +pungent; to quicken. [Obs.] =[To] acuate the blood.8 +Harvey. +Ac6uOate (#), a. Sharpened; sharpPpointed. +Ac7uOa6tion (#), n. Act of sharpening. [R.] +Ac7uOi6tion (#), n. [L. acutus, as if acuitus, p. p. of +acuere to sharpen.] The act of sharpening. [Obs.] +AOcu6iOty (#), n. [LL. acuitas: cf. F. acuit.] Sharpness or +acuteness, as of a needle, wit, etc. +AOcu6leOate (#), a. [L. aculeatus, fr. aculeus, dim. of acus +needle.] 1. (Zol.) Having a sting; covered with prickles; +sharp like a prickle. +2. (Bot.) Having prickles, or sharp points; beset with +prickles. +3. Severe or stinging; incisive. [R.] +Bacon. +AOcu6leOa7ted (#), a. Having a sharp point; armed with +prickles; prickly; aculeate. +AOcu6leOiOform (#), a. Like a prickle. +AOcu6leOoOlate (#), a. [L. aculeolus little needle.] (Bot.) +Having small prickles or sharp points. +Gray. +AOcu6leOous (#), a. Aculeate. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne. +X AOcu6leOus (#), n.; pl. Aculei (#). [L., dim. of acus +needle.] 1. (Bot.) A prickle growing on the bark, as in some +brambles and roses. +Lindley. +2. (Zol.) A sting. + +AOcu6men (#), n. [L. acumen, fr. acuere to sharpen. Cf. +Acute.] Quickness of perception or discernment; penetration +of mind; the faculty of nice discrimination. +Selden. +Syn. P Sharpness; sagacity; keenness; shrewdness; acuteness. + +AOcu6miOnate (#), a. [L. acuminatus, p. p. of acuminare to +sharpen, fr. acumen. See Acumen.] Tapering to a point; +pointed; as, acuminate leaves, teeth, etc. + +AOcu6miOnate (#), v. t. To render sharp or keen. [R.] =To +acuminate even despair.8 +Cowper. +AOcu6miOnate, v. i. To end in, or come to, a sharp point. +=Acuminating in a cone of prelacy.8 +Milton. +AOcu7miOna6tion (#), n. A sharpening; termination in a sharp +point; a tapering point. +Bp. Pearson. +AOcu6miOnose7 (#), a. Terminating in a flat, narrow end. +Lindley. +AOcu6miOnous (#), a. Characterized by acumen; keen. +Highmore. +Ac7uOpres6sure (#), n. [L. acus needle + premere, pressum, +to press.] (Surg.) A mode of arresting hemorrhage resulting +from wounds or surgical operations, by passing under the +divided vessel a needle, the ends of which are left exposed +externally on the cutaneous surface. +Simpson. +Ac7uOpunc7tuOra6tion (#), n. See Acupuncture. +Ac7uOpunc6ture (#), n. [L. acus needle + punctura a +pricking, fr. pungere to prick: cf. F. acuponcture.] +Pricking with a needle; a needle prick. Specifically (Med.): +The insertion of needles into the living tissues for +remedial purposes. +Ac7uOpunc6ture (#), v. t. To treat with acupuncture. +AOcus6tumOaunce (#), n. See Accustomance. [Obs.] +AOcut6an7guOlar (#), a. AcutePangled. +AOcute6 (#), a. [L. acutus, p. p. of acuere to sharpen, fr. +a root ak to be sharp. Cf. Ague, Cute, Edge.] 1. Sharp at +the end; ending in a sharp point; pointed; P opposed to +blunt or obtuse; as, an acute angle; an acute leaf. +2. Having nice discernment; perceiving or using minute +distinctions; penetrating; clever; shrewd; P opposed to dull +or stupid; as, an acute observer; acute remarks, or +reasoning. +3. Having nice or quick sensibility; susceptible to slight +impressions; acting keenly on the senses; sharp; keen; +intense; as, a man of acute eyesight, hearing, or feeling; +acute pain or pleasure. +4. High, or shrill, in respect to some other sound; P +opposed to grave or low; as, an acute tone or accent. +5. (Med.) Attended with symptoms of some degree of severity, +and coming speedily to a crisis; P opposed to chronic; as, +an acute disease. +Acute angle (Geom.), an angle less than a right angle. +Syn. P Subtile; ingenious; sharp; keen; penetrating; +sagacious; sharp P witted; shrewd; discerning; +discriminating. See Subtile. +AOcute6, v. t. To give an acute sound to; as, he acutes his +rising inflection too much. [R.] +Walker. +AOcute6Oan7gled (#), a. Having acute angles; as, an +acutePangled triangle, a triangle with every one of its +angles less than a right angle. +AOcute6ly, adv. In an acute manner; sharply; keenly; with +nice discrimination. +AOcute6ness, n. 1. The quality of being acute or pointed; +sharpness; as, the acuteness of an angle. +2. The faculty of nice discernment or perception; acumen; +keenness; sharpness; sensitiveness; P applied to the senses, +or the understanding. By acuteness of feeling, we perceive +small objects or slight impressions: by acuteness of +intellect, we discern nice distinctions. +Perhaps, also, he felt his professional acuteness interested +in bringing it to a successful close. + +Sir W. Scott. +3. Shrillness; high pitch; P said of sounds. +4. (Med.) Violence of a disease, which brings it speedily to +a crisis. +Syn. P Penetration; sagacity; keenness; ingenuity; +shrewdness; subtlety; sharpPwittedness. +AOcu7tiOfo6liOate (#), a. [L. acutus sharp + folium leaf.] +(Bot.) Having sharpPpointed leaves. +AOcu7tiOlo6bate (#), a. [L. acutus sharp + E. lobe.] (Bot.) +Having acute lobes, as some leaves. +X AdO(#). [A Latin preposition, signifying to. See At.] As a +prefix adP assumes the forms acP, afP, agP, alP, anP, apP, +arP, asP, atP, assimilating the d with the first letter of +the word to which adP is prefixed. It remains unchanged +before vowels, and before d, h, j, m, v. Examples: adduce, +adhere, adjacent, admit, advent, accord, affect, aggregate, +allude, annex, appear, etc. It becomes acP before qu, as in +acquiesce. +AdOact6 (#), v. t. [L. adactus, p. p. of adigere.] To +compel; to drive. [Obs.] +Fotherby. +AOdac6tyl (#), AOdac6tylOous (#),} a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? +finger.] (Zol.) (a) Without fingers or without toes. (b) +Without claws on the feet (of crustaceous animals). + +Ad6age (#), n. [F. adage, fr. L. adagium; ad + the root of +L. aio I say.] An old saying, which has obtained credit by +long use; a proverb. +Letting =I dare not8 wait upon =I would,8 +Like the poor cat i' the adage. +Shak. +Syn. P Axiom; maxim; aphorism; proverb; saying; saw; +apothegm. See Axiom. +AOda6giOal (#), a. Pertaining to an adage; proverbial. +=Adagial verse.8 +Barrow. +X AOda6gio (#), a. & adv. [It. adagio; ad (L. ad) at + agio +convenience, leisure, ease. See Agio.] (Mus.) Slow; slowly, +leisurely, and gracefully. When repeated, adagio, adagio, it +directs the movement to be very slow. +X AOda6gio, n. A piece of music in adagio time; a slow +movement; as, an adagio of Haydn. + +Ad6am (#), n. 1. The name given in the Bible to the first +man, the progenitor of the human race. +2. (As a symbol) =Original sin;8 human frailty. +And whipped the offending Adam out of him. +Shak. + +Adam's ale, water. [Colloq.] P Adam's apple. 1. (Bot.) (a) A +species of banana (Musa paradisiaca). It attains a height of +twenty feet or more. Paxton. (b) A species of lime (Citris +limetta). 2. The projection formed by the thyroid cartilage +in the neck. It is particularly prominent in males, and is +so called from a notion that it was caused by the forbidden +fruit (an apple) sticking in the throat of our first parent. +P Adam's flannel (Bot.), the mullein (Verbascum thapsus). P +Adam's needle (Bot.), the popular name of a genus (Yucca) of +liliaceous plants. + +Ad6aOmant (#), n. [OE. adamaunt, adamant, diamond, magnet, +OF. adamant, L. adamas, adamantis, the hardest metal, fr. +Gr. ?, ?; ? priv. + ? to tame, subdue. In OE., from +confusion with L. adamare to love, be attached to, the word +meant also magnet, as in OF. and LL. See Diamond, Tame.] 1. +A stone imagined by some to be of impenetrable hardness; a +name given to the diamond and other substance of extreme +hardness; but in modern mineralogy it has no technical +signification. It is now a rhetorical or poetical name for +the embodiment of impenetrable hardness. +Opposed the rocky orb +Of tenfold adamant, his ample shield. +Milton. +2. Lodestone; magnet. [Obs.] =A great adamant of +acquaintance.8 +Bacon. +As true to thee as steel to adamant. +Greene. +Ad7aOmanOte6an (#), a. [L. adamant?us.] Of adamant; hard as +adamant. +Milton. +Ad7aOman6tine (#), a. [L. adamantinus, Gr. ?.] 1. Made of +adamant, or having the qualities of adamant; incapable of +being broken, dissolved, or penetrated; as, adamantine bonds +or chains. +2. (Min.) Like the diamond in hardness or luster. +Ad7amObuOla6cral (#), a. [L. ad + E. ambulacral.] (Zol.) +Next to the ambulacra; as, the adambulacral ossicles of the +starfish. +AOdam6ic (#), AOdam6icOal (#),} a. Of or pertaining to Adam, +or resembling him. +Adamic earth, a name given to common red clay, from a notion +that Adam means red earth. + +Ad6amOite (#), n. [From Adam.] 1. A descendant of Adam; a +human being. +2. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect of visionaries, who, +professing to imitate the state of Adam, discarded the use +of dress in their assemblies. + +Ad6am's ap6ple (#). See under Adam. + +AOdance6 (#), adv. Dancing. +Lowell. + +AOdan6gle (#), adv. Dangling. +Browning. + +X Ad7anOso6niOa (#), n. [From Adanson, a French botanist.] +(Bot.) A genus of great trees related to the Bombax. There +are two species, A. digitata, the baobab or monkeyPbread of +Africa and India, and A. Gregorii, the sour gourd or +creamPofPtartar tree of Australia. Both have a trunk of +moderate height, but of enormous diameter, and a +widePspreading head. The fruit is oblong, and filled with +pleasantly acid pulp. The wood is very soft, and the bark is +used by the natives for making ropes and cloth. +D. C. Eaton. +AOdapt6 (#), a. Fitted; suited. [Obs.] +Swift. +AOdapt6, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adapted; p. pr. & vb. n. +Adapting.] [L. adaptare; ad + aptare to fit; cf. F. adapter. +See Apt, Adept.] To make suitable; to fit, or suit; to +adjust; to alter so as to fit for a new use; P sometimes +followed by to or for.] +For nature, always in the right, +To your decays adapts my sight. +Swift. +Appeals adapted to his [man's] whole nature. +Angus. +Streets ill adapted for the residence of wealthy persons. +Macaulay. +AOdapt7aObil6iOty (#), AOdapt6aObleOness (#),} n. The +quality of being adaptable; suitableness. =General +adaptability for every purpose.8 +Farrar. +AOdapt6aOble (#), a. Capable of being adapted. +Ad7apOta6tion (#), n. [Cf. F. adaptation, LL. adaptatio.] 1. +The act or process of adapting, or fitting; or the state of +being adapted or fitted; fitness. =Adaptation of the means +to the end.8 +Erskine. +2. The result of adapting; an adapted form. +AOdapt6aOtive (#), a. Adaptive. +Stubbs. +AOdapt6edOness (#), n. The state or quality of being +adapted; suitableness; special fitness. + +AOdapt6er (#), n. 1. One who adapts. +2. (Chem.) A connecting tube; an adopter. +<PP 2. any device connecting two parts of an apparatus (e.g. +tubes of different diameters, or electric cords with +different plug types); a device allowing an apparatus to be +used for purposes other than originally intended PP> + +AOdap6tion (#), n. Adaptation. +Cheyne. +AOdapt6ive (#), a. Suited, given, or tending, to adaptation; +characterized by adaptation; capable of adapting. Coleridge. +P AOdapt6iveOly, adv. +AOdapt6iveOness, n. The quality of being adaptive; capacity +to adapt. +AOdapt6ly, adv. In a suitable manner. [R.] +Prior. +AOdapt6ness, n. Adaptedness. [R.] +Ad7apOto6riOal (#), a. Adaptive. [R.] +X A6dar (#), n. [Heb. adr.] The twelfth month of the Hebrew +ecclesiastical year, and the sixth of the civil. It +corresponded nearly with March. +X AOdar6ce (#), n. [L. adarce, adarca, Gr. ?.] A saltish +concretion on reeds and grass in marshy grounds in Galatia. +It is soft and porous, and was formerly used for cleansing +the skin from freckles and tetters, and also in leprosy. +Dana. +X Ad6aOtis (#), n. A fine cotton cloth of India. +AOdaunt6 (#), v. t. [OE. adaunten to overpower, OF. adonter; + (L. ad) + donter, F. dompter. See Daunt.] To daunt; to +subdue; to mitigate. [Obs.] +Skelton. +AOdaw6 (#), v. t. [Cf. OE. adawe of dawe, AS. of dagum from +days, i. e., from life, out of life.] To subdue; to daunt. +[Obs.] +The sight whereof did greatly him adaw. +Spenser. +AOdaw6, v. t. & i. [OE. adawen to wake; pref. aP (cf. Goth. +usP, Ger. erP) + dawen, dagon, to dawn. See Daw.] To awaken; +to arouse. [Obs.] +A man that waketh of his sleep +He may not suddenly well taken keep +Upon a thing, he seen it parfitly +Till that he be adawed verify. +Chaucer. +AOdays6 (#), adv. [Pref. aP (for on) + day; the final s was +orig. a genitive ending, afterwards forming adverbs.] By +day, or every day; in the daytime. [Obs., except in the +compound nowadays.] +Fielding. +X Ad capOtan6dum (#). [L., for catching.] A phrase used +adjectively sometimes of meretricious attempts to catch or +win popular favor. +Add (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Added; p. pr. & vb. n. Adding.] +[L. addere; ad + dare to give, put. Cf. Date, Do.] 1. To +give by way of increased possession (to any one); to bestow +(on). +The Lord shall add to me another son. +Gen. xxx. 24. + + p. 20 + +2. To join or unite, as one thing to another, or as several +particulars, so as to increase the number, augment the +quantity, enlarge the magnitude, or so as to form into one +aggregate. Hence: To sum up; to put together mentally; as, +to add numbers; to add up a column. +Back to thy punishment, +False fugitive, and to thy speed add wings. +Milton. +As easily as he can add together the ideas of two days or +two years. +Locke. +3. To append, as a statement; to say further. +He added that he would willingly consent to the entire +abolition of the tax. +Macaulay. +Syn. P To Add, Join, Annex, Unite, Coalesce. We add by +bringing things together so as to form a whole. We join by +putting one thing to another in close or continuos +connection. We annex by attaching some adjunct to a larger +body. We unite by bringing things together so that their +parts adhere or intermingle. Things coalesce by coming +together or mingling so as to form one organization. To add +quantities; to join houses; to annex territory; to unite +kingdoms; to make parties coalesce. + +Add (#), v. i. 1. To make an addition. To add to, to +augment; to increase; as, it adds to our anxiety. =I will +add to your yoke.8 +1 Kings xii. 14. +2. To perform the arithmetical operation of addition; as, he +adds rapidly. + +Add6aOble (#), a. [Add, v. + Pable.] Addible. + +Ad6dax (#), n. [Native name.](Zol.) One of the largest +African antelopes (Hippotragus, or Oryx, nasomaculatus). +5 It is now believed to be the Strepsiceros (twisted horn) +of the ancients. By some it is thought to be the pygarg of +the Bible. + +AdOdeem6 (#), v. t. [Pref. aP + deem.] To award; to adjudge. +[Obs.] =Unto him they did addeem the prise.8 +Spenser. +X AdOden6dum (#), n.; pl. Addenda (#). [L., fr. addere to +add.] A thing to be added; an appendix or addition. + +Addendum circle (Mech.), the circle which may be described +around a circular spur wheel or gear wheel, touching the +crests or tips of the teeth. +Rankine. + + Add6er (#), n. [See Add.] One who, or that which, adds; +esp., a machine for adding numbers. + +Ad6der, n. [OE. addere, naddere, eddre, AS. ndre, adder, +snake; akin to OS. nadra, OHG. natra, natara, Ger. natter, +Goth. nadrs, Icel. na?r, masc., na?ra, fem.: cf. W. neidr, +Gorn. naddyr, Ir. nathair, L. natrix, water snake. An adder +is for a nadder.] 1. A serpent. [Obs.] =The eddre seide to +the woman.8 +Wyclif. (Gen. iii. 4.) +2. (Zol.) (a) A small venomous serpent of the genus Vipera. +The common European adder is the Vipera (or Pelias) berus. +The puff adders of Africa are species of Clotho. (b) In +America, the term is commonly applied to several harmless +snakes, as the milk adder, puffing adder, etc. (c) Same as +Sea Adder. +5 In the sculptures the appellation is given to several +venomous serpents, P sometimes to the horned viper +(Cerastles). +Ad6der fly/ (#). A dragon fly. +Ad6der'sPtongue7 (#), n. (Bot.) (a) A genus of ferns +(Ophioglossum), whose seeds are produced on a spike +resembling a serpent's tongue. (b) The yellow dogtooth +violet. +Gray. +Ad6derOwort7 (#), n. (Bot.) The common bistort or snakeweed +(Polygonum bistorta). +Add7iObil6iOty (#), n. The quantity of being addible; +capability of addition. +Locke. +Add6iOble (#), a. Capable of being added. =Addible numbers.8 +Locke. +Ad6dice (#), n. See Adze. [Obs.] +Moxon. +AdOdict6 (#), p. p. Addicted; devoted. [Obs.] +AdOdict6, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Addicted; p. pr. & vb. n. +Addicting.] [L. addictus, p. p. of addicere to adjudge, +devote; ad + dicere to say. See Diction.] 1. To apply +habitually; to devote; to habituate; P with to. =They addict +themselves to the civil law.8 +Evelyn. +He is addicted to his study. +Beau. & Fl. +That part of mankind that addict their minds to +speculations. +Adventurer. +His genius addicted him to the study of antiquity. +Fuller. +A man gross . . . and addicted to low company. +Macaulay. +2. To adapt; to make suitable; to fit. [Obs.] +The land about is exceedingly addicted to wood, but the +coldness of the place hinders the growth. +Evelyn. +Syn. P Addict, Devote, Consecrate, Dedicate. Addict was +formerly used in a good sense; as, addicted to letters; but +is now mostly employed in a bad sense or an indifferent one; +as, addicted to vice; addicted to sensual indulgence. +=Addicted to staying at home.8 J. S. Mill. Devote is always +taken in a good sense, expressing habitual earnestness in +the pursuit of some favorite object; as, devoted to science. +Consecrate and dedicate express devotion of a higher kind, +involving religious sentiment; as, consecrated to the +service of the church; dedicated to God. +AdOdict6edOness, n. The quality or state of being addicted; +attachment. +AdOdic6tion (#), n. [Cf. L. addictio an adjudging.] The +state of being addicted; devotion; inclination. =His +addiction was to courses vain.8 +Shak. +Ad6diOson's disOease6 (#). [Named from Thomas Addison, M. +D., of London, who first described it.] (Med.) A morbid +condition causing a peculiar brownish discoloration of the +skin, and thought, at one time, to be due to disease of the +suprarenal capsules (two flat triangular bodies covering the +upper part of the kidneys), but now known not to be +dependent upon this causes exclusively. It is usually fatal. +AdOdit6aOment (#), n. [L. additamentum, fr. additus, p. p. +of addere to add.] An addition, or a thing added. +Fuller. +My persuasion that the latter verses of the chapter were an +additament of a later age. +Coleridge. +AdOdi6tion (#), n. [F. addition, L. additio, fr. addere to +add.] 1. The act of adding two or more things together; P +opposed to subtraction or diminution. =This endless addition +or addibility of numbers.8 +Locke. +2. Anything added; increase; augmentation; as, a piazza is +an addition to a building. +3. (Math.) That part of arithmetic which treats of adding +numbers. +4. (Mus.) A dot at the right side of a note as an indication +that its sound is to be lengthened one half. [R.] +5. (Law) A title annexed to a man's name, to identify him +more precisely; as, John Doe, Esq.; Richard Roe, Gent.; +Robert Dale, Mason; Thomas Way, of New York; a mark of +distinction; a title. +6. (Her.) Something added to a coat of arms, as a mark of +honor; P opposed to abatement. +Vector addition (Geom.), that kind of addition of two lines, +or vectors, AB and BC, by which their sum is regarded as the +line, or vector, AC. +Syn. P Increase; accession; augmentation; appendage; +adjunct. +AdOdi6tionOal (#), a. Added; supplemental; in the way of an +addition. +AdOdi6tionOal, n. Something added. [R.] +Bacon. +AdOdi6tionOalOly, adv. By way of addition. +AdOdi6tionOaOry (#), a. Additional. [R.] +Herbert. +Ad7diOti6tious (#), a. [L. addititius, fr. addere.] +Additive. [R.] +Sir J. Herschel. +Ad6diOtive (#), a. [L. additivus.] (Math.) Proper to be +added; positive; P opposed to subtractive. +Ad6diOtoOry (#), a. Tending to add; making some addition. +[R.] +Arbuthnot. +Ad6dle (#), n. [OE. adel, AS. adela, mud.] +1. Liquid filth; mire. [Obs.] +2. Lees; dregs. [Prov. Eng.] +Wright. +Ad6dle, a. Having lost the power of development, and become +rotten, as eggs; putrid. Hence: Unfruitful or confused, as +brains; muddled. +Dryden. +Ad6dle, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Addled (#); p. pr. & vb. n. +Addling (#).] To make addle; to grow addle; to muddle; as, +he addled his brain. =Their eggs were addled.8 +Cowper. +Ad6dle, v. t. & i. [OE. adlen, adilen, to gain, acquire; +prob. fr. Icel. ?lask to acquire property, akin to o?al +property. Cf. Allodial.] 1. To earn by labor. [Prov. Eng.] +Forby. +2. To thrive or grow; to ripen. [Prov. Eng.] +Kill ivy, else tree will addle no more. +Tusser. +Ad6dlePbrain7 (#), Ad6dlePhead7 (#), Ad6dlePpate (#),} n. A +foolish or dullPwitted fellow. [Colloq.] +Ad6dlePbrained7 (#), Ad6dlePhead7ed (#), Ad6dlePpa7ted (#),} +a. DullPwitted; stupid. =The addlePbrained Oberstein.8 +Motley. +Dull and addlePpated. +Dryden. +Ad6dlePpa7tedOness (#), n. Stupidity. +Ad6dlings (#), n. pl. [See Addle, to earn.] Earnings. [Prov. +Eng.] +Wright. +AdOdoom6 (#), v. t. [Pref. aP + doom.] To adjudge. [Obs.] +Spenser. +AdOdorsed6 (#), a. [L. ad + dorsum, back: cf. F. adoss.] +(Her.) Set or turned back to back. + AdOdress6 (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Addressed (#); p. pr. & +vb. n. Addressing.] [OE. adressen to raise erect, adorn, OF. +adrecier, to straighten, address, F. adresser, fr. (L. ad) ++ OF. drecier, F. dresser, to straighten, arrange. See +Dress, v.] 1. To aim; to direct. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +And this good knight his way with me addrest. +Spenser. +2. To prepare or make ready. [Obs.] +His foe was soon addressed. +Spenser. +Turnus addressed his men to single fight. +Dryden. +The five foolish virgins addressed themselves at the noise +of the bridegroom's coming. +Jer. Taylor. +3. Reflexively: To prepare one's self; to apply one's skill +or energies (to some object); to betake. +These men addressed themselves to the task. +Macaulay. +4. To clothe or array; to dress. [Archaic] +Tecla . . . addressed herself in man's apparel. +Jewel. +5. To direct, as words (to any one or any thing); to make, +as a speech, petition, etc. (to any one, an audience). +The young hero had addressed his players to him for his +assistance. +Dryden. +6. To direct speech to; to make a communication to, whether +spoken or written; to apply to by words, as by a speech, +petition, etc., to speak to; to accost. +Are not your orders to address the senate? +Addison. +The representatives of the nation addressed the king. +Swift. +7. To direct in writing, as a letter; to superscribe, or to +direct and transmit; as, he addressed a letter. +8. To make suit to as a lover; to court; to woo. +9. (Com.) To consign or intrust to the care of another, as +agent or factor; as, the ship was addressed to a merchant in +Baltimore. +To address one's self to. (a) To prepare one's self for; to +apply one's self to. (b) To direct one's speech or discourse +to. +AdOdress6 (#), v. i. 1. To prepare one's self. [Obs.] =Let +us address to tend on Hector's heels.8 +Shak. +2. To direct speech. [Obs.] +Young Turnus to the beauteous maid addrest. +Dryden. +5 The intransitive uses come from the dropping out of the +reflexive pronoun. +AdOdress, n. [Cf. F. adresse. See Address, v. t.] +1. Act of preparing one's self. [Obs.] +Jer Taylor. +2. Act of addressing one's self to a person; verbal +application. +3. A formal communication, either written or spoken; a +discourse; a speech; a formal application to any one; a +petition; a formal statement on some subject or special +occasion; as, an address of thanks, an address to the +voters. +4. Direction or superscription of a letter, or the name, +title, and place of residence of the person addressed. +5. Manner of speaking to another; delivery; as, a man of +pleasing or insinuating address. +6. Attention in the way one's addresses to a lady. +Addison. +7. Skill; skillful management; dexterity; adroitness. +Syn. P Speech; discourse; harangue; oration; petition; +lecture; readiness; ingenuity; tact; adroitness. +Ad7dressOee6 (#), n. One to whom anything is addressed. +AdOdres6sion (#), n. The act of addressing or directing +one's course. [Rare & Obs.] +Chapman. +AdOduce6 (#), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adduced (#); p. pr. & vb. +n. Adducing (#).] [L. adducere, adductum, to lead or bring +to; ad + ducere to lead. See Duke, and cf. Adduct.] To bring +forward or offer, as an argument, passage, or consideration +which bears on a statement or case; to cite; to allege. +Reasons . . . were adduced on both sides. +Macaulay. +Enough could not be adduced to satisfy the purpose of +illustration. +De Quincey. +Syn. P To present; allege; advance; cite; quote; assign; +urge; name; mention. +AdOdu6cent (#), a. [L. addunces, p. pr. of adducere.] +(Physiol.) Bringing together or towards a given point; P a +word applied to those muscles of the body which pull one +part towards another. Opposed to abducent. +AdOdu6cer (#), n. One who adduces. +AdOdu6ciOble (#), a. Capable of being adduced. +Proofs innumerable, and in every imaginable manner +diversified, are adducible. +I. Taylor. +AdOduct6 (#), v. t. [L. adductus, p. p. of adducere. See +Adduce.] (Physiol.) To draw towards a common center or a +middle line. +Huxley. +AdOduc6tion (#), n. [Cf. F. adduction. See Adduce.] 1. The +act of adducing or bringing forward. +An adduction of facts gathered from various quarters. +I. Taylor. +2. (Physiol.) The action by which the parts of the body are +drawn towards its axis; P opposed to abduction. +Dunglison. +AdOduc6tive (#), a. Adducing, or bringing towards or to +something. +AdOduc6tor (#), n. [L., fr. adducere.] (Anat.) A muscle +which draws a limb or part of the body toward the middle +line of the body, or closes extended parts of the body; P +opposed to abductor; as, the adductor of the eye, which +turns the eye toward the nose. +In the bivalve shells, the muscles which close the values of +the shell are called adductor muscles. +Verrill. +AdOdulce6 (#), v. t. [Like F. adoucir; fr. L. ad. + dulcis +sweet.] To sweeten; to soothe. [Obs.] +Bacon. +AOdeem6 (#), v. t. [L. adimere. See Ademption.] (Law) To +revoke, as a legacy, grant, etc., or to satisfy it by some +other gift. +X A7deOlan7taOdil6lo (#), n. [Sp.] A Spanish red wine made +of the first ripe grapes. +X A7deOlanOta6do (#), n. [Sp., prop. p. of adelantar to +advance, to promote.] A governor of a province; a commander. +Prescott. +X AdOeOlas6ter (#), n. [Gr. ? not manifest + ? a star.] +(Bot.) A provisional name for a plant which has not had its +flowers botanically examined, and therefore has not been +referred to its proper genus. +Ad6elOing (#), n. Same as Atheling. +AOdel7oOcoOdon6ic (#), a. [Gr. ? invisible + ? a bell.] +(Zol.) Applied to sexual zooids of hydroids, that have a +saclike form and do not become free; P opposed to +phanerocodonic. +AOdel6oOpod (#), n. [Gr. ? invisible + ?, ?, foot.] (Zol.) +An animal having feet that are not apparent. +X AOdel6phiOa (#), n. [Gr. ? brother.] (Bot.) A +=brotherhood,8 or collection of stamens in a bundle; P used +in composition, as in the class names, Monadelphia, +Diadelphia, etc. +AOdel6phous (#), a. [Gr. ? brother.] (Bot.) Having +coalescent or clustered filaments; P said of stamens; as, +adelphous stamens. Usually in composition; as, monadelphous. +Gray. +AOdempt6 (#), p. p. [L. ademptus, p. p. of adimere to take +away.] Takes away. [Obs.] +Without any sinister suspicion of anything being added or +adempt. +Latimn. + +<-- p. 21 --> + + <p. 21> + +AOdemp6tion (?), n. [L. ademptio, fr. adimere, ademptum, to +take away; ad + emere to buy, orig. to take.] (Law) The +revocation or taking away of a grant donation, legacy, or +the like. +Bouvier. +AdenO or AdenoO. [Gr. ?, ?, gland.] Combining forms of the +Greek word for gland; - used in words relating to the +structure, diseases, etc., of the glands. +X Ad7eOnal6giOa (?), Ad6eOnal7gy (?), } n. [Gr. ? + ? pain.] +(Med.) Pain in a gland. +AOden6iOform (?), a. [AdenO + Oform.] Shaped like a gland; +adenoid. +Dunglison. +X Ad7eOni6tis (?), n. [AdenO + Oitis.] (Med.) Glandular +inflammation. +Dunglison. +Ad7eOnoOgraph6ic (?), a. Pertaining to adenography. +Ad7eOnog6raOphy (?), n. [AdenoO + Ography.] That part of +anatomy which describes the glands. +Ad6eOnoid (?), Ad7eOnoid6al (?) } a. Glandlike; glandular. +Ad7eOnoOlog6icOal (?), a. Pertaining to adenology. +Ad7eOnol6oOgy (?), n. [AdenoO + Ology.] The part of +physiology that treats of the glands. +Ad7eOnoph6oOrous (?), a. [AdenoO + Gr. ? bearing.] (Bot.) +Producing glands. +Ad7eOnoph6ylOlous (?), a. [AdenoO + Gr. ? leaf.] (Bot.) +Having glands on the leaves. +Ad6eOnose7 (?; 277), a. Like a gland; full of glands; +glandulous; adenous. +Ad7eOnoOtom6ic (?), a. Pertaining to adenotomy. +Ad7eOnot6oOmy (?), n. [AdenoO + Gr. ? a cutting, ? to cut.] +(Anat.) Dissection of, or incision into, a gland or glands. +Ad6eOnous (?), a. Same as Adenose. +X Ad6eps (?), n. [L.] Animal fat; lard. +AOdept6 (?), n. [L. adeptus obtained (sc. artem), ?he who +has obtained an art, p. p. of adipsci to arrive ?at, to +obtain; ad + apisci to pursue. See Apt, and cf. Adapt.] One +fully skilled or well versed in anything; a proficient; as, +adepts in philosophy. +AOdept6, a. Well skilled; completely versed; thoroughly +proficient. +Beaus adept in everything profound. +Cowper. +AOdep6tion (?), n. [L. adeptio. See Adept, a.] An obtaining; +attainment. [Obs.] +In the wit and policy of the capitain consisteth the chief +adeption of the victory. +Grafton. +AOdept6ist, n. A skilled alchemist. [Obs.] + +AOdept6ness, n. The quality of being adept; skill. + +Ad6eOquaOcy (?), n. [See Adequate.] The state or quality of +being adequate, proportionate, or sufficient; a sufficiency +for a particular purpose; as, the adequacy of supply to the +expenditure. +Ad6eOquate (?), a. [L. adaequatus, p. p. of adaequare to +make equal to; ad + aequare to make equal, aequus equal. See +Equal.] Equal to some requirement; proportionate, or +correspondent; fully sufficient; as, powers adequate to a +great work; an adequate definition. +Ireland had no adequate champion. +De Quincey. +Syn. P Proportionate; commensurate; sufficient; suitable; +competent; capable. +Ad6eOquate (?), v. t. [See Adequate, a.] 1. To equalize; to +make adequate. [R.] +Fotherby. +2. To equal. [Obs.] +It [is] an impossibility for any creature to adequate God in +his eternity. +Shelford. +Ad6eOquateOly (?), adv. In an adequate manner. +Ad6eOquateOness, n. The quality of being adequate; +suitableness; sufficiency; adequacy. +Ad7eOqua6tion (?), n. [L. adaequatio.] The act of +equalizing; act or result of making adequate; an equivalent. +[Obs.] +Bp. Barlow. +AOdes6my (?), n. [Gr. ? unfettered; ? priv. + ? a fetter.] +(Bot.) The division or defective coherence of an organ that +is usually entire. +AdOes7seOna6riOan (?), n. [Formed fr. L. adesse to be +present; ad + esse to be.] (Eccl. Hist.) One who held the +real presence of Christ's body in the eucharist, but not by +transubstantiation. +AdOfect6ed (?), a. [L. adfectus or affectus. See Affect, v.] +(Alg.) See Affected, 5. +AdOfil6iOa7ted (?), a. See Affiliated. [Obs.] +AdOfil7iOa6tion (?), n. See Affiliation. [Obs.] +AdOflux6ion (?), n. See Affluxion. +AdOha6mant (?), a. [From L. adhamare to catch; ad + hamus +hook.] Clinging, as by hooks. +AdOhere6 (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Adhered (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Adhering (?).] [L. adhaerere, adhaesum; ad + haerere to +stick: cf. F. adhrer. See Aghast.] 1. To stick fast or +cleave, as a glutinous substance does; to become joined or +united; as, wax to the finger; the lungs sometimes adhere +to the pleura. +2. To hold, be attached, or devoted; to remain fixed, either +by personal union or conformity of faith, principle, or +opinion; as, men adhere to a party, a cause, a leader, a +church. +3. To be consistent or coherent; to be in accordance; to +agree. =Nor time nor place did then adhere.8 Every thing +adheres together.8 +Shak. +Syn. P To attach; stick; cleave; cling; hold +AdOher6ence (?), n. [Cf. F. adhrence, LL. adhaerentia.] 1. +The quality or state of adhering. +2. The state of being fixed in attachment; fidelity; steady +attachment; adhesion; as, adherence to a party or to +opinions. +Syn. P Adherence, Adhesion. These words, which were once +freely interchanged, are now almost entirely separated. +Adherence is no longer used to denote physical union, but is +applied, to mental states or habits; as, a strict adherence + to one's duty; close adherence to the argument, etc. +Adhesion is now confined chiefly to the physical sense, +except in the phrase =To give in one's adhesion to a cause +or a party.8 +AdOher6enOcy (?), n. 1. The state or quality of being +adherent; adherence. [R.] +2. That which adheres. [Obs.] +Dr. H. More. +AdOher6ent (?), a. [L. adhaerens, Oentis, p. pr.: cf. F. +adhrent.] 1. Sticking; clinging; adhering. +Pope. +2. Attached as an attribute or circumstance. +3. (Bot.) Congenitally united with an organ of another kind, +as calyx with ovary, or stamens with petals. +AdOher6ent, n. 1. One who adheres; one who adheres; one who +follows a leader, party, or profession; a follower, or +partisan; a believer in a particular faith or church. +2. That which adheres; an appendage. [R.] +Milton. +Syn. P Follower; partisan; upholder; disciple; supporter; +dependent; ally; backer. +AdOher6entOly, adv. In an adherent manner. +AdOher6er (?), n. One who adheres; an adherent. +AdOhe6sion (?), n. [L. adhaesio, fr. adhaerere: cf. F. +adhsion.] 1. The action of sticking; the state of being +attached; intimate union; as the adhesion of glue, or of +parts united by growth, cement, or the like. +2. Adherence; steady or firm attachment; fidelity; as, to +error, to a policy. +His adhesion to the Tories was bounded by his approbation of +their foreign policy. +De Quincey. +3. Agreement to adhere; concurrence; assent. +To that treaty Spain and England gave in their adhesion. +Macaulay. +4. (Physics) The molecular attraction exerted between bodies +in contact. See Cohesion. +5. (Med.) Union of surface, normally separate, by the +formation of new tissue resulting from an inflammatory +process. +6. (Bot.) The union of parts which are separate in other +plants, or in younger states of the same plant. +Syn. P Adherence; union. See Adherence. +AdOhe6sive (?), a. [Cf. F. adhsif.] 1. Sticky; tenacious, +as glutinous substances. +2. Apt or tending to adhere; clinging. +Thomson. +Adhesive attraction. (Physics) See Attraction. P Adhesive +inflammation (Surg.), that kind of inflammation which +terminates in the reunion of divided parts without +suppuration. - Adhesive plaster, a sticking; a plaster +containing resin, wax, litharge, and olive oil. +AdOhe6siveOly, adv. In an adhesive manner. +AdOhe6siveOness, n. 1. The quality of sticking or adhering; +stickiness; tenacity of union. +2. (Phren.) Propensity to form and maintain attachments to +persons, and to promote social intercourse. +AdOhib6it (?), v. t. [L. adhibitus, p. p. of adhibere to +hold to; ad + habere to have.] 1. To admit, as a person or +thing; to take in. +Muirhead. +2. To use or apply; to administer. +Camden. +3. To attach; to affix. +Alison. +Ad7hiObi6tion (?), n. [L. adhibitio.] The act of adhibiting; +application; use. +Whitaker. +X Ad hom6iOnem (?). [L., to the man.] A phrase applied to an +appeal or argument addressed to the principles, interests, +or passions of a man. +AdOhort6 (?), v. t. [L. adhortari. See Adhortation.] To +exhort; to advise. [Obs.] +Feltham. +Ad7horOta6tion (?), n. [L. adhortatio, fr. adhortari to +advise; ad + hortari to exhort.] Advice; exhortation. [Obs.] +Peacham. +AdOhor6taOtoOry (?), a. Containing counsel or warning; +hortatory; advisory. [Obs.] +Potter. +Ad7iOaObat6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? not passable; ? priv. + ? +through + ? to go.] (Physics) Not giving out or receiving +heat. - Ad7iOaObat7icOalOly, adv. +w line or curve, a curve exhibiting the variations of +pressure and volume of a fluid when it expands without +either receiving or giving out heat. +Rankine. +Ad7iOacOtin6ic (?), a. [Pref. aO not + diactinic.] (Chem.) +Not transmitting the actinic rays. +X Ad7iOan6tum (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, maidenhair; ? priv. + +? to wet.] (Bot.) A genus of ferns, the leaves of which shed +water; maidenhair. Also, the black maidenhair, a species of +spleenwort. +Ad7iOaph6oOrism (?), n. Religious indifference. +Ad7iOaph6oOrist (?), n. [See Adiaphorous.] (Eccl. Hist.) One +of the German Protestants who, with Melanchthon, held some +opinions and ceremonies to be indifferent or nonessential, +which Luther condemned as sinful or heretical. +Murdock. +Ad7iOaph7oOris6tic (?), a. Pertaining to matters indifferent +in faith and practice. +Shipley. +Ad7iOaph6oOrite (?), n. Same as Adiaphorist. +Ad7iOaph6oOrous (?), a. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? different; ? +through + ? to bear.] 1. Indifferent or neutral. +Jer. Taylor. +2. (Med.) Incapable of doing either harm or good, as some +medicines. +Dunglison. +Ad7iOaph6oOry, n. [Gr. ?.] Indifference. [Obs.] +Ad7iOaOther6mic (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? through + ?heat.] +Not pervious to heat. + +AOdieu6 (?), interj. & adv. [OE. also adew, adewe, adue, F. +? dieu, fr. L. ad to + deus God.] Good-by; farewell; an +expression of kind wishes at parting. + +AOdieu6, n.; pl. Adieus (?). A farewell; commendation to the +care of God at parting. +Shak. +AOdight6 (?), v. t. [p. p. Adight.] [Pref. aO (intensive) + +OE. dihten. See Dight.] To set in order; to array; to +attire; to deck, to dress. [Obs.] +X Ad in7fiOni6tum (?).[L., to infinity.] Without limit; +endlessly. +X Ad in6terOim (?)[L.] Meanwhile; temporary. +Ad7eOpes6cent (?), a. [L. adeps, adipis, fat + Oescent.] +Becoming fatty. +AOdip6ic (?), a. [L. adeps, adipis, fat.] (Chem.) Pertaining +to, or derived from, fatty or oily substances; - applied to +certain acids obtained from fats by the action of nitric +acid. +<PP 2. adipic acid. a dicarboxylic acid containing six +carbon atoms in a linear chain PP> +Ad7iOpoc6erOate (?), v. t. To convert adipocere. +Ad7iOpoc7erOa6tion (?), n. The act or process of changing +into adipocere. +Ad6iOpoOcere7 (?), n. [L. adeps, adipis, fat + cera wax: cf. +F. adipocere.] A soft, unctuous, or waxy substance, of a +light brown color, into which the fat and muscle tissue of +dead bodies sometimes are converted, by long immersion in +water or by burial in moist places. It is a result of fatty +degeneration. +Ad7iOpoOcer6iOform (?), a. [Adipocere + Oform.] Having the +form or appearance of adipocere; as, an adipoceriform tumor. +Ad7iOpoc6erOous (?), a. Like adipocere. +Ad6iOpose7 (?; 277), a. [L. adeps, adipis, fat, grease.] Of +or pertaining to animal fat; fatty. +Adipose fin (Zol.), a soft boneless fin. P Adipose tissue +(Anat.), that form of animal tissue which forms or contains +fat. +Ad6iOpose7ness (?), Ad7iOpos6iOty (?), } n. The state of +being fat; fatness. +Ad6iOpous (?), a. Fatty; adipose. [R.] +AOdip6sous (?), a. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ?, thirst.] Quenching +thirst, as certain fruits. +Ad6ipOsy (?), n. [Gr. ? not thirsty; ? priv. + ? thirst.] +(Med.) Absence of thirst. +Ad6it (?), n. [L. aditus, fr. adire, ?aitum, to go to; ad + +ire to go.] 1. An entrance or passage. Specifically: The +nearly horizontal opening by which a mine is entered, or by +which water and ores are carried away; - called also drift +and tunnel. +2. Admission; approach; access. [R.] +Yourself and yours shall have +Free adit. +Tennyson. +Ad6ja6cence (?), AdOja6cenOcy (?), } [Cf. LL. adjacentia.] +1. The state of being adjacent or contiguous; contiguity; +as, the adjacency of lands or buildings. +2. That which is adjacent.[R.] +Sir T. Browne. +AdOja6cent (?), a. [L. adjacens, Ocentis, p. pr. of adjacere +to lie near; ad + jac?re to lie: cf. F. adjacent.] Lying +near, close, or contiguous; neighboring; bordering on; as, a +field adjacent to the highway. =The adjacent forest.8 +B. Jonson. +Adjacent or contiguous angle. (Geom.) See Angle. +Syn. - Adjoining; contiguous; near. - Adjacent, Adjoining, +Contiguous. Things are adjacent when they lie close each +other, not necessary in actual contact; as, adjacent fields, +adjacent villages, etc. +I find that all Europe with her adjacent isles is peopled +with Christians. +Howell. +Things are adjoining when they meet at some line or point of +junction; as, adjoining farms, an adjoining highway. What is +spoken of as contiguous should touch with some extent of one +side or the whole of it; as, a row of contiguous buildings; +a wood contiguous to a plain. +AdOja6cent, n. That which is adjacent. [R.] +Locke. +AdOja6centOly, adv. So as to be adjacent. +AdOject6 (?), v. t. [L. adjectus, p. p. of adjicere to throw +to, to add to; ad + ac?re to throw. See Jet a shooting +forth.] To add or annex; to join. +Leland. +AdOjec6tion (?), n. [L. adjectio, fr. adjicere: cf. F. +adjection. See Adject.] The act or mode of adding; also, the +thing added. [R.] +B. Jonson. +AdOjec6tionOal (?), a. Pertaining to adjection; that is, or +may be, annexed. [R.] +Earle. +Ad7jecOti6tious (?), [L. adjectitius.] Added; additional. +Parkhurst. +Ad7jecOti6val (?), a. Of or relating to the relating to the +adjective; of the nature of an adjective; adjective. +W. Taylor (1797) +Ad7jecOti6valOly, adv. As, or in the manner of, an +adjective; adjectively. +Ad6jecOtive (?), a. [See Adjective, n.] +1. Added to a substantive as an attribute; of the nature of +an adjunct; as, an word sentence. +2. Not standing by itself; dependent. +Adjective color, a color which requires to be fixed by some +mordant or base to give it permanency. +3. Relating to procedure. =The whole English law, +substantive and adjective.8 +Macaulay. +Ad6jecOtive, n. [L. adjectivum (sc. nomen), neut. of +adjectivus that is added, fr. adjicere: cf. F. adjectif. See +Adject.] 1. (Gram.) A word used with a noun, or substantive, +to express a quality of the thing named, or something +attributed to it, or to limit or define it, or to specify or +describe a thing, as distinct from something else. Thus, in +phrase, =a wise ruler,8 wise is the adjective, expressing a +property of ruler. +2. A dependent; an accessory. +Fuller. + +Ad6jecOtive, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adjectived (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Adjectiving (?).] To make an adjective of; to form or +change into an adjective. [R.] +Language has as much occasion to adjective the distinct +signification of the verb, and to adjective also the mood, +as it has to adjective time. It has... adjectived all three. +Tooke. +Ad6jecOtiveOly, adv. In the manner of an adjective; as, a +word used adjectively. +AdOjoin6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adjoined (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Adjoining.] [OE. ajoinen, OF. ajoindre, F. adjoindre, fr. +L. adjungere; ad + jungere to join. See Join, and cf. +Adjunct.] To join or unite to; to lie contiguous to; to be +in contact with; to attach; to append. +Corrections... should be, as remarks, adjoined by way of +note. +Watts. + + <p. 22> +AdOjoin6 (?), v. i. 1. To lie or be next, or in contact; to +be contiguous; as, the houses adjoin. +When one man's land adjoins to another's. +Blackstone. +5 The construction with to, on, or with is obsolete or +obsolescent. +2. To join one's self. [Obs.] +She lightly unto him adjoined side to side. +Spenser. +AdOjoin6ant (?), a. Contiguous. [Obs.] +Carew. +AdOjoin6ing, a. Joining to; contiguous; adjacent; as, an +adjoining room. =The adjoining fane.8 +Dryden. +Upon the hills adjoining to the city. +Shak. +Syn. P Adjacent; contiguous; near; neighboring; abutting; +bordering. See Adjacent. +Ad6joint (?), n. An adjunct; a helper. [Obs.] +AdOjourn (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adjourned (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Adjourning (?).] [OE. ajornen, OF. ajoiner, ajurner, +F. ajourner; OF. a (L. ad) + jor, jur, jorn, F. jour, day, +fr. L. diurnus belonging to the day, fr. dies day. Cf. +Journal, Journey.] To put off or defer to another day, or +indefinitely; to postpone; to close or suspend for the day; +- commonly said of the meeting, or the action, of convened +body; as, to adjourn the meeting; to adjourn a debate. +It is a common practice to adjourn the reformation of their +lives to a further time. +Barrow. +'Tis a needful fitness +That we adjourn this court till further day. +Shak. +Syn. - To delay; defer; postpone; put off; suspend. - To +Adjourn, Prorogue, Dissolve. These words are used in +respect to public bodies when they lay aside business and +separate. Adjourn, both in Great Britain and this country, +is applied to all cases in which such bodies separate for a +brief period, with a view to meet again. Prorogue is applied +in Great Britain to that act of the executive government, as +the sovereign, which brings a session of Parliament to a +close. The word is not used in this country, but a +legislative body is said, in such a case, to adjourn sine +die. To dissolve is to annul the corporate existence of a +body. In order to exist again the body must be +reconstituted. +AdOjourn6, v. i.To suspend business for a time, as from one +day to another, or for a longer period, or indefinitely; +usually, to suspend public business, as of legislatures and +courts, or other convened bodies; as, congress adjourned +at four o'clock; the court adjourned without day. +AdOjourn6al (?), n. Adjournment; postponement. [R.] =An +adjournal of the Diet.8 +Sir W. Scott. +AdOjourn6ment (?), n. [Cf. f. adjournement, OF. ajornement. +See Adjourn.] 1. The act of adjourning; the putting off till +another day or time specified, or without day. +2.The time or interval during which a public body adjourns +its sittings or postpones business. +AdOjudge6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adjudged (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Adjudging (?).] [OE. ajugen, OF. ajugier, fr. L. +adjudicare; ad + judicare to judge. See Judge, and cf. +Adjudicate.] 1. To award judicially in the case of a +controverted question; as, the prize was adjudged to the +victor. +2. To determine in the exercise of judicial power; to decide +or award judicially; to adjudicate; as, the case was +adjudged in the November term. +3. To sentence; to condemn. +Without reprieve, adjudged to death +For want of well pronouncing Shibboleth. +Milton. +4. To regard or hold; to judge; to deem. +He adjudged him unworthy of his friendship. +Knolles. +Syn. - To decree; award; determine; adjudicate; ordain; +assign. +AdOjudg6er (?), n. One who adjudges. +AdOjudg6ment (?), n. The act of adjudging; judicial +decision; adjudication. +Sir W. Temple. +AdOju6diOcate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adjudicated (?); p. +pr. & vb. n. Adjudicating (?)] [L. adjudicatus, p. p. of +adjudicare. See Adjudge.] To adjudge; to try and determine, +as a court; to settle by judicial decree. +AdOju6diOcate, v. i. To come to a judicial decision; as, the +court adjudicated upon the case. +AdOju7diOca6tion (?), n. [L. adjudicatio: cf. F. +adjudication.] 1. The act of adjudicating; the act or +process of trying and determining judicially. +2. A deliberate determination by the judicial power; a +judicial decision or sentence. =An adjudication in favor of +natural rights.8 +Burke. +3. (Bankruptcy practice) The decision upon the question +whether the debtor is a bankrupt. +Abbott. +4. (Scots Law) A process by which land is attached security +or in satisfaction of a debt. +AdOju6diOcaOtive (?), a. Adjudicating. +AdOju6diOca7tor (?), n. One who adjudicates. +AdOju6diOcaOture (?), n. Adjudication. +Ad6juOgate (?), v. t. [L. adjugatus, p. p. of adjugare; ad + +jugum a yoke.] To yoke to. [Obs.] +Ad6juOment (?), n. [L. adjumentum, for adjuvamentum, fr. +adjuvare to help; ad + juvare to help.] Help; support; also, +a helper. [Obs.] +Waterhouse. +Ad6junct7 (?), a. [L. adjunctus, p. p. of adjungere. See +Adjoin.] Conjoined; attending; consequent. +Though that my death were adjunct to my act. +Shak. +w notes (Mus.), short notes between those essential to the +harmony; auxiliary notes; passing notes. +Ad6junct7, n. 1. Something joined or added to another thing, +but not essentially a part of it. +Learning is but an adjunct to our self. +Shak. +2. A person joined to another in some duty or service; a +colleague; an associate. +Wotton. +3. (Gram.) A word or words added to quality or amplify the +force of other words; as, the History of the American +Revolution, where the words in italics are the adjunct or +adjuncts of =History.8 +4. (Metaph.) A quality or property of the body or the mind, +whether natural or acquired; as, color, in the body, +judgment in the mind. +5. (Mus.) A key or scale closely related to another as +principal; a relative or attendant key. [R.] See Attendant +keys, under Attendant, a. +AdOjunc6tion (?), n. [L. adjunctio, fr. adjungere: cf. F. +adjonction, and see Adjunct.] The act of joining; the thing +joined or added. +AdOjunc6tive (?), a. [L. adjunctivus, fr. adjungere. See +Adjunct.] Joining; having the quality of joining; forming an +adjunct. +AdOjunc6tive, n. One who, or that which, is joined. +AdOjunc6tiveOly, adv. In an adjunctive manner. +AdOjunct6ly (?), adv. By way of addition or adjunct; in +connection with. +Ad7juOra6tion (?), n. [L. adjuratio, fr. adjurare: cf. F. +adjuration. See Adjure.] 1. The act of adjuring; a solemn +charging on oath, or under the penalty of a curse; an +earnest appeal. +What an accusation could not effect, an adjuration shall. +Bp. Hall. +2. The form of oath or appeal. +Persons who... made use of prayer and adjurations. +Addison. +AdOju6raOtoOry (?), a. [L. adjuratorius.] Containing an +adjuration. +AdOjure6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adjured (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Adjuring (?). [L. adjurare, adjurdium, to swear to; +later, to adjure: cf. F. adjurer. See Jury.] To charge, +bind, or command, solemnly, as if under oath, or under the +penalty of a curse; to appeal to in the most solemn or +impressive manner; to entreat earnestly. +Joshua adjured them at that time, saying, Cursed be the man +before the Lord, that riseth up and buildeth this city +Jericho. +Josh. vi. 26. +The high priest... said... I adjure thee by the living God, +that tell us whether thou be the Christ. +Matt. xxvi. 63. +The commissioners adjured them not to let pass so favorable +an opportunity of securing their liberties. +Marshall. +AdOjur6er (?), n. One who adjures. +AdOjust6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adjusted; p. pr. & vb. n. +Adjusting.] [OF. ajuster, ajoster (whence F. ajouter to +add), LL. adjuxtare to fit; fr. L. ad + juxta near; confused +later with L. ad and justus just, right, whence F. ajuster +to adjust. See Just, v. t. and cf. Adjute.] 1. To make +exact; to fit; to make correspondent or conformable; to +bring into proper relations; as, to adjust a garment to the +body, or things to a standard. +2. To put in order; to regulate, or reduce to system. +Adjusting the orthography. +Johnson. +3. To settle or bring to a satisfactory state, so that +parties are agreed in the result; as, to adjust accounts; +the differences are adjusted. +4. To bring to a true relative position, as the parts of an +instrument; to regulate for use; as, to adjust a telescope +or microscope. +Syn. - To adapt; suit; arrange; regulate; accommodate; set +right; rectify; settle. +AdOjust6aOble (?), a. Capable of being adjusted. +AdOjust6age (?), n. [Cf. Ajutage.] Adjustment. [R.] +AdOjust6er (?), n. One who, or that which, adjusts. +AdOjust6ive (?), a. Tending to adjust. [R.] +AdOjust6ment (?), n. [Cf. F. ajustement. See Adjust.] 1. The +act of adjusting, or condition of being adjusted; act of +bringing into proper relations; regulation. +Success depends on the nicest and minutest adjustment of the +parts concerned. +Paley. +2. (Law) Settlement of claims; an equitable arrangement of +conflicting claims, as in set-off, contribution, +exoneration, subrogation, and marshaling. +Bispham. +3. The operation of bringing all the parts of an instrument, +as a microscope or telescope, into their proper relative +position for use; the condition of being thus adjusted; as, +to get a good adjustment; to be in or out of adjustment. +Syn. - Suiting; fitting; arrangement; regulation; +settlement; adaptation; disposition. +Ad6juOtage (?), n. Same as Ajutage. +Ad6juOtanOcy (?), n. [See Adjutant.] 1. The office of an +adjutant. +2. Skillful arrangement in aid; assistance. +It was, no doubt, disposed with all the adjutancy of +definition and division. +Burke. +Ad6juOtant (?), n. [L. adjutans, p. pr. of adjutare to help. +See Aid.] 1. A helper; an assistant. +2. (Mil.) A regimental staff officer, who assists the +colonel, or commanding officer of a garrison or regiment, in +the details of regimental and garrison duty. +w general (a) (Mil.), the principal staff officer of an +army, through whom the commanding general receives +communications and issues military orders. In the U. S. army +he is brigadier general. (b) (Among the Jesuits), one of a +select number of fathers, who resided with the general of +the order, each of whom had a province or country assigned +to his care. +3. (Zol.) A species of very large stork (Ciconia argala), a +native of India; - called also the gigantic crane, and by +the native name argala. It is noted for its +serpent-destroying habits. +Ad6juOta7tor (?), n. (Eng. Hist.) A corruption of Agitator. +AdOjute6 (?), v. t. [F. ajouter; confused with L. adjutare.] +To add. [Obs.] +AdOju6tor (?), n. [L., fr. adjuvare. See Aid.] A helper or +assistant. [Archaic] +Drayton. +AdOju6toOry (?), a. [L. adjutorius.] Serving to help or +assist; helping. [Obs.] +AdOju6trix (?), n. [L. See Adjutor.] A female helper or +assistant. [R.] +Ad6juOvant (?), a. [L. adjuvans, p. pr. of adjuvare to aid: +cf. F. adjuvant. See Aid.] Helping; helpful; assisting. [R.] +=Adjuvant causes.8 +Howell. +Ad6juOvant, n. 1. An assistant. [R.] +Yelverton. +2. (Med.) An ingredient, in a prescription, which aids or +modifies the action of the principal ingredient. + +Ad7leOga6tion (?), n. [L. adlegatio, allegatio, a sending +away; fr. adlegare, allegare, to send away with a +commission; ad in addition + legare to send as ambassador. +Cf. Allegation.] A right formerly claimed by the states of +the German Empire of joining their own ministers with those +of the emperor in public treaties and negotiations to the +common interest of the empire. +Encyc. Brit. + +X Ad lib6iOtum (?). At one's pleasure; as one wishes. +Ad7loOcu6tion (?), n. See Allocution. [Obs.] +AdOmar6ginOate (?), v. t. [Pref. adO + margin.] To write in +the margin. [R.] +Coleridge. +AdOmax6ilOlaOry (?), a. [Pref. adO + maxillary.] (Anat.) +Near to the maxilla or jawbone. +AdOmeas6ure (?; 135), v. t. [Cf. OF. amesurer, LL. +admensurare. See Measure.] 1. To measure. +2. (Law) To determine the proper share of, or the proper +apportionment; as, to admeasure dower; to admeasure common +of pasture. +Blackstone. +AdOmeas6ureOment (?), n. [Cf. OF. amesurement, and E. +Measure.] 1. The act or process of ascertaining the +dimensions of anything; mensuration; measurement; as, the +admeasurement of a ship or of a cask. = Admeasurement by +acre.8 +2. The measure of a thing; dimensions; size. +3. (Law) Formerly, the adjustment of proportion, or +ascertainment of shares, as of dower or pasture held in +common. This was by writ of admeasurement, directed to the +sheriff. +AdOmeas6urOer (?), n. One who admeasures. +AdOmen7suOra6tion (?), n. [LL. admensuratio; L. ad + +mensurare to measure. See Mensuration.] Same as +Admeasurement. +AdOmin6iOcle (?), n. [L. adminculum support, orig., that on +which the hand rests; ad + manus hand + dim. ending +Oculym.] 1. Help or support; an auxiliary. +Grote. +2. (Law) Corroborative or explanatory proof. +In Scots law, any writing tending to establish the existence +or terms of a lost deed. +Bell. +Ad7miOnic6uOlar (?), a. Supplying help; auxiliary; +corroborative; explanatory; as, adminicular evidence. +H. Spencer. +Ad7miOnic6uOlaOry (?), a. Adminicular. +AdOmin6isOter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Administered (?); p. +pr. & vb. n. Administering.] [OE. aministren, OF. +aministrer, F. administer, fr. L. administrare; ad + +ministrare to serve. See Minister.] 1.To manage or conduct, +as public affairs; to direct or superintend the execution, +application, or conduct of; as, to administer the government +or the state. +For forms of government let fools contest: +Whate'er is best administered is best. +Pope. +2. To dispense; to serve out; to supply; execute; as, to +administer relief, to administer the sacrament. +[Let zephyrs] administer their tepid, genial airs. +Philips. +Justice was administered with an exactness and purity not +before known. +Macaulay. +3. To apply, as medicine or a remedy; to give, as a dose or +something beneficial or suitable. Extended to a blow, a +reproof, etc. +A noxious drug had been administered to him. +Macaulay. +4. To tender, as an oath. +Swear... to keep the oath that we administer. +Shak. +5. (Law) To settle, as the estate of one who dies without a +will, or whose will fails of an executor. +Syn. - To manage; conduct; minister; supply; dispense; give +out; distribute; furnish. +AdOmin6isOter, v. i. 1. To contribute; to bring aid or +supplies; to conduce; to minister. +A fountain... administers to the pleasure as well as the +plenty of the place. +Spectator. +2. (Law) To perform the office of administrator; to act +officially; as, A administers upon the estate of B. +AdOmin6isOter, n. Administrator. [Obs.] +Bacon. +AdOmin7isOte6riOal (?), a. Pertaining to administration, or +to the executive part of government. +AdOmin6isOtraOble (?), a. Capable of being administered; as, +an administrable law. +AdOmin6isOtrant (?), a. [F., p. pr. of administrer. See +Administer.] Executive; acting; managing affairs. - n. One +who administers. +AdOmin6isOtrate (?), v. t. [L. administratus, p. p. of +administrare.] To administer. [R.] +Milman. +AdOmin7isOtra6tion (?; 277), n. [OE. administracioun, L. +administratio: cf. F. administration.] 1. The act of +administering; government of public affairs; the service +rendered, or duties assumed, in conducting affairs; the +conducting of any office or employment; direction; +management. +His financial administration was of a piece with his +military administration. +Macaulay. +2. The executive part of government; the persons +collectively who are intrusted with the execution of laws +and the superintendence of public affairs; the chief +magistrate and his cabinet or council; or the council, or +ministry, alone, as in Great Britain. +A mild and popular administration. +Macaulay. +The administration has been opposed in parliament. +Johnson. +3. The act of administering, or tendering something to +another; dispensation; as, the administration of a medicine, +of an oath, of justice, or of the sacrament. + + <p. 23> + +4. (Law) (a) The management and disposal, under legal +authority, of the estate of an intestate, or of a testator +having no competent executor. (b) The management of an +estate of a deceased person by an executor, the strictly +corresponding term execution not being in use. +w with the will annexed, administration granted where the +testator has appointed no executor, or where his appointment +of an executor for any cause has failed, as by death, +incompetency, refusal to act, etc. +Syn. - Conduct; management; direction; regulation; +execution; dispensation; distribution. +AdOmin6isOtra7tive (?), a. [L. administrativus: cf. F. +administratif.] Pertaining to administration; administering; +executive; as, an administrative body, ability, or energy. - +AdOmin6isOtra7tiveOly, adv. +AdOmin7isOtra6tor (?), n. [L.] 1. One who administers +affairs; one who directs, manages, executes, or dispenses, +whether in civil, judicial, political, or ecclesiastical +affairs; a manager. +2. (Law) A man who manages or settles the estate of an +intestate, or of a testator when there is no competent +executor; one to whom the right of administration has been +committed by competent authority. +AdOmin7isOtra6torOship, n. The position or office of an +administrator. +AdOmin7isOtra6trix (?), n. [NL.] A woman who administers; +esp., one who administers the estate of an intestate, or to +whom letters of administration have been granted; a female +administrator. +Ad7miOraObil6iOty (?), n. [L. admirabilitac.] Admirableness. +[R.] +Johnson. +Ad6miOraOble (?), a. [L. admirabilis: cf. F. admirable.] 1. +Fitted to excite wonder; wonderful; marvelous. [Obs.] +In man there is nothing admirable but his ignorance and +weakness. +Jer. Taylor. +2. Having qualities to excite wonder united with +approbation; deserving the highest praise; most excellent; - +used of persons or things. =An admirable machine.8 +=Admirable fortitude.8 +Macaulay. +Syn. - Wonderful; marvelous; surprising; excellent; +delightful; praiseworthy. +Ad6miOraObleOness, n. The quality of being admirable; +wonderful excellence. +Ad6miOraObly, adv. In an admirable manner. +Ad6miOral (?), n. [OE. amiral, admiral, OF. amiral, +ultimately fr. Ar. amFrOalObahr commander of the sea; Ar. +amFr is commander, al is the Ar. article, and amFrOal, heard +in different titles, was taken as one word. Early forms of +the word show confusion with L. admirabilis admirable, fr. +admirari to admire. It is said to have been introduced into +Europe by the Genoese or Venetians, in the 12th or 13th +century. Cf. Ameer, Emir.] 1. A naval officer of the +highest rank; a naval officer of high rank, of which there +are different grades. The chief gradations in rank are +admiral, vice admiral, and rear admiral. The admiral is the +commander in chief of a fleet or of fleets. +2.The ship which carries the admiral; also, the most +considerable ship of a fleet. +Like some mighty admiral, dark and terrible, bearing down +upon his antagonist with all his canvas straining to the +wind, and all his thunders roaring from his broadsides. +E. Everett. +3. (Zol.) A handsome butterfly (Pyrameis Atalanta) of +Europe and America. The larva feeds on nettles. +w shell (Zol.), the popular name of an ornamental cone +shell (Conus admiralis). +Lord High w, a great officer of state, who (when this rare +dignity is conferred) is at the head of the naval +administration of Great Britain. +Ad6miOralOship, n. The office or position oaf an admiral; +also, the naval skill of an admiral. +Ad6miOralOty (?), n.; pl. Admiralties (?). [F. amiraut, for +an older amiralt, office of admiral, fr. LL. admiralitas. +See Admiral.] 1. The office or jurisdiction of an admiral. +Prescott. +2. The department or officers having authority over naval +affairs generally. +3.The court which has jurisdiction of maritime questions and +offenses. +5 In England, admiralty jurisdiction was formerly vested in +the High Court of Admiralty, which was held before the Lord +High Admiral, or his deputy, styled the Judge of the +Admiralty; but admiralty jurisdiction is now vested in the +probate, divorce, and admiralty division of the High +Justice. In America, there are no admiralty courts distinct +from others, but admiralty jurisdiction is vested in the +district courts of the United States, subject to revision by +the circuit courts and the Supreme Court of the United +States. Admiralty jurisprudence has cognizance of maritime +contracts and torts, collisions at sea, cases of prize in +war, etc., and in America, admiralty jurisdiction is +extended to such matters, arising out of the navigation of +any of the public waters, as the Great Lakes and rivers. +4. The system of jurisprudence of admiralty courts. +5. The building in which the lords of the admiralty, in +England, transact business. +AdOmir6ance (?), n. [Cf. OF. admirance.] Admiration. [Obs.] +Spenser. +Ad7miOra6tion (?), n. [F., fr. L. admiratio. See Admire.] 1. +Wonder; astonishment. [Obs.] +Season your admiration for a while. +Shak. +2.Wonder mingled with approbation or delight; an emotion +excited by a person or thing possessed of wonderful or high +excellence; as, admiration of a beautiful woman, of a +landscape, of virtue. +3. Cause of admiration; something to excite wonder, or +pleased surprise; a prodigy. +Now, good Lafeu, bring in the admiration. +Shak. +Note of ~, the mark (!), called also exclamation point. +Syn. - Wonder; approval; appreciation; adoration; reverence; +worship. +AdOmi6aOtive (?), a. Relating to or expressing admiration or +wonder. [R.] +Earle. +AdOmire6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Admired (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Admiring (?).] [F. admirer, fr. L. admirari; ad + mirari +to wonder, for smirari, akin to Gr. ? to smile, Skr. smi, +and E. smile.] 1. To regard with wonder or astonishment; to +view with surprise; to marvel at. [Archaic] +Examples rather to be admired than imitated. +Fuller. +2. To regard with wonder and delight; to look upon with an +elevated feeling of pleasure, as something which calls out +approbation, esteem, love, or reverence; to estimate or +prize highly; as, to admire a person of high moral worth, to +admire a landscape. +Admired as heroes and as gods obeyed. +Pope. + 5 Admire followed by the infinitive is obsolete or +colloquial; as, I admire to see a man consistent in his +conduct. +Syn. - To esteem; approve; delight in. +AdOmire6, v. i.To wonder; to marvel; to be affected with +surprise; - sometimes with at. +To wonder at Pharaoh, and even admire at myself. +Fuller. +AdOmired6 (?), a. 1. Regarded with wonder and delight; +highly prized; as, an admired poem. +2. Wonderful; also, admirable. [Obs.] =Admired disorder.8 += Admired Miranda.8 +Shak. +AdOmir6er (?), n. One who admires; one who esteems or loves +greatly. +Cowper. +AdOmir6ing, a. Expressing admiration; as, an admiring +glance. - AdOmir6ingOly, adv. +Shak. +AdOmis7siObil6iOty (?), n. [Cf. F. admissibilit.] The +quality of being admissible; admissibleness; as, the +admissibility of evidence. +AdOmis6siOble (?), a. [F. admissible, LL. admissibilis. See +Admit.] Entitled to be admitted, or worthy of being +admitted; that may be allowed or conceded; allowable; as, +the supposition is hardly admissible. - AdOmis6siObleOness, +n. P AdOmis6siObly, adv. +AdOmis6sion (?), n. [L. admissio: cf. F. admission. See +Admit.] 1. The act or practice of admitting. +2. Power or permission to enter; admittance; entrance; +access; power to approach. +What numbers groan for sad admission there! +Young. +3. The granting of an argument or position not fully proved; +the act of acknowledging something ?serted; acknowledgment; +concession. +The too easy admission of doctrines. +Macaulay. +4. (Law) Acquiescence or concurrence in a statement made by +another, and distinguishable from a confession in that an +admission presupposes prior inquiry by another, but a +confession may be made without such inquiry. +5. A fact, point, or statement admitted; as, admission made +out of court are received in evidence. +6. (Eng. Eccl. Law) Declaration of the bishop that he +approves of the presentee as a fit person to serve the cure +of the church to which he is presented. +Shipley. +Syn. - Admittance; concession; acknowledgment; concurrence; +allowance. See Admittance. +AdOmis6sive (?), a.Implying an admission; tending to admit. +[R.] +Lamb. +AdOmis6soOry (?), a. Pertaining to admission. +AdOmit6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Admitted; p. pr. & vb. n. +Admitting.] [OE. amitten, L. admittere, admissum; ad + +mittere to send: cf. F. admettre, OF. admettre, OF. ametre. +See Missile.] 1. To suffer to enter; to grant entrance, +whether into a place, or into the mind, or consideration; to +receive; to take; as, they were into his house; to admit a +serious thought into the mind; to admit evidence in the +trial of a cause. +2. To give a right of entrance; as, a ticket one into a +playhouse. +3. To allow (one) to enter on an office or to enjoy a +privilege; to recognize as qualified for a franchise; as, to +admit an attorney to practice law; the prisoner was admitted +to bail. +4. To concede as true; to acknowledge or assent to, as an +allegation which it is impossible to deny; to own or +confess; as, the argument or fact is admitted; he admitted +his guilt. +5. To be capable of; to permit; as, the words do not admit +such a construction. In this sense, of may be used after the +verb, or may be omitted. +Both Houses declared that they could admit of no treaty with +the king. +Hume. +AdOmit6taOble (?), a. Admissible. +Sir T. Browne. +AdOmit6tance (?), n. 1. The act of admitting. +2. Permission to enter; the power or right of entrance; +also, actual entrance; reception. +To gain admittance into the house. +South. +He desires admittance to the king. +Dryden. +To give admittance to a thought of fear. +Shak. +3. Concession; admission; allowance; as, the admittance of +an argument. [Obs.] +Sir T. Browne. +4. Admissibility. [Obs. & R.] +Shak. +5. (Eng. Law) The act of giving possession of a copyhold +estate. +Bouvier. +Syn. - Admission; access; entrance; initiation. - +Admittance, Admission. These words are, to some extent, in a +state of transition and change. Admittance is now chiefly +confined to its primary sense of access into some locality +or building. Thus we see on the doors of factories, shops, +etc. =No admittance.8 Its secondary or moral sense, as +=admittance to the church,8 is almost entirely laid aside. +Admission has taken to itself the secondary or figurative +senses; as, admission to the rights of citizenship; +admission to the church; the admissions made by one of the +parties in a dispute. And even when used in its primary +sense, it is not identical with admittance. Thus, we speak +of admission into a country, territory, and other larger +localities, etc., where admittance could not be used. So, +when we speak of admission to a concert or other public +assembly, the meaning is not perhaps exactly that of +admittance, viz., access within the walls of the building, +but rather a reception into the audience, or access to the +performances. But the lines of distinction on this subject +are one definitely drawn. +X Ad7mitOta6tur (?), n. [L., let him be admitted.] The +certificate of admission given in some American colleges. +AdOmit6ted (?), a. Received as true or valid; acknowledged. +- AdOmit6tedOly, adv. Confessedly. +AdOmit6ter (?), n. One who admits. +AdOmix6 (?), v. t. [Pref. adO + mix: cf. L. admixtus, p. p. +of admiscere. See Mix.] To mingle with something else; to +mix. [R.] +AdOmix6tion (?; 106), n. [L. admixtio.] A mingling of +different things; admixture. +Glanvill. +AdOmix6ture (?; 135), n. [L. admiscere, admixtum, to admix; +ad + miscere to mix. See Mix.] +1. The act of mixing; mixture. +2. The compound formed by mixing different substances +together. +3. That which is mixed with anything. +AdOmon6ish (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Admonished (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Admonishing.] [OE. amonesten, OF. amonester, F. +admonester, fr. a supposed LL. admonesstrare, fr. L. +admonere to remind, warn; ad + monere to warn. See +Monition.] 1. To warn or notify of a fault; to reprove +gently or kindly, but seriously; to exhort. =Admonish him as +a brother.8 +2 Thess. iii. 15. +2. To counsel against wrong practices; to cation or advise; +to warn against danger or an offense; - followed by of, +against, or a subordinate clause. +Admonishing one another in psalms and hymns. +Col. iii. 16. +I warned thee, I admonished thee, foretold +The danger, and the lurking enemy. +Milton. +3. To instruct or direct; to inform; to notify. +Moses was admonished of God, when he was about to make the +tabernacle. +Heb. viii. 5. +AdOmon6ishOer (?), n. One who admonishes. +AdOmon6ishOment (?), n. [Cf. OF. amonestement, +admonestement.] Admonition. [R.] +Shak. +Ad7moOni6tion (?), n. [OE. amonicioun, OF. amonition, F. +admonition, fr. L. admonitio, fr. admonere. See Admonish.] +Gentle or friendly reproof; counseling against a fault or +error; expression of authoritative advice; friendly caution +or warning. +Syn. - Admonition, Reprehension, Reproof. Admonition is +prospective, and relates to moral delinquencies; its object +is to prevent further transgression. Reprehension and +reproof are retrospective, the former being milder than the +latter. A person of any age or station may be liable to +reprehension in case of wrong conduct; but reproof is the +act of a superior. It is authoritative fault-finding or +censure addressed to children or to inferiors. +Ad7moOni6tionOer (?), n. Admonisher. [Obs.] +AdOmon6iOtive (?), a. Admonitory. [R.] Barrow. P +AdOmon6iOtiveOly, adv. +AdOmon6iOtor (?), n. [L.] Admonisher; monitor. +Conscience is at most times a very faithful and prudent +admonitor. +Shenstone. +AdOmon7iOto6riOal (?), a. Admonitory. [R.] =An admonitorial +tone.8 +Dickens. +AdOmon6iOtoOry (?), a. [LL. admonitorius.] That conveys +admonition; warning or reproving; as, an admonitory glance. +- AdOmon6iOtoOriOly (?), adv. +AdOmon6iOtrix (?), n. [L.] A female admonitor. +AdOmor7tiOza6tion (?), n. [LL. admortizatio. Cf. +Amortization.] (Law) The reducing or lands or tenements to +mortmain. See Mortmain. +AdOmove6 (?), v. t. [L. admovere. See Move.] To move or +conduct to or toward. [Obs.] +Sir T. Browne. +AdOnas6cent (?), a. [L. adnascens, p. pr. of adnasci to be +born, grow.] Growing to or on something else. =An adnascent +plant.8 +Evelyn. +Ad6nate (?), a. [L. adnatus, p. p. of adnasci. See +Adnascent, and cf. Agnate.] 1. (Physiol.) Grown to +congenitally. +2. (Bot.) Growing together; - said only of organic cohesion +of unlike parts. +An anther is adnate when fixed by its whole length to the +filament. +Gray. +3. (Zol.) Growing with one side adherent to a stem; - a +term applied to the lateral zooids of corals and other +compound animals. +AdOna6tion (?), n. (Bot.) The adhesion or cohesion of +different floral verticils or sets of organs. +AdOnom6iOnal (?), a. [L. ad + nomen noun.] (Gram.) +Pertaining to an adnoun; adjectival; attached to a noun. +Gibbs. P AdOnom6iOnalOly, adv. +Ad6noun7 (?), n. [Pref. adO + noun.] (Gram.) An adjective, +or attribute. [R.] +Coleridge. +AdOnu6biOla7ted (?), a. [L. adnubilatus, p. p. of +adnubilare.] Clouded; obscured. [R.] +AOdo6 (?), (1) v. inf., (2) n. [OE. at do, northern form +for to do. Cf. Affair.] 1. To do; in doing; as, there is +nothing . =What is here ado?8 +J. Newton. +2. Doing; trouble; difficulty; troublesome business; fuss; +bustle; as, to make a great ado about trifles. +With much ado, he partly kept awake. +Dryden. +Let's follow to see the end of this ado. +Shak. +X AOdo6be (?), n. [Sp.] An unburnt brick dried in the sun; +also used as an adjective, as, an adobe house, in Texas or +New Mexico. +Ad7oOles6cence (?), n. [Fr., fr. L. adolescentia.] The state +of growing up from childhood to manhood or womanhood; youth, +or the period of life between puberty and maturity, +generally considered to be, in the male sex, from fourteen +to twenty-one. Sometimes used with reference to the lower +animals. +Ad7oOles6cenOcy (?), n. The quality of being adolescent; +youthfulness. + + <p. 24> + +Ad7oOles6cent (?), a. [L. adolescens, p. pr. of adolescere +to grow up to; ad + the inchoative olescere to grow: cf. F. +adolescent. See Adult.] Growing; advancing from childhood to +maturity. +Schools, unless discipline were doubly strong, +Detain their adolescent charge too long. +Cowper. +Ad7oOles6cent, n. A youth. +Ad7oOne6an (?), a. [L. Adon?us.] Pertaining to Adonis; +Adonic. =Fair Adonean Venus.8 +Faber. +AOdon6ic (?), a. [F. adonique: cf. L. Adonius.] Relating to +Adonis, famed for his beauty. - n. An Adonic verse. +w verse, a verse consisting of a dactyl and spondee (?). +X AOdo6nis (?), n. [L., gr. Gr. ?.] 1. (Gr. Myth.) A youth +beloved by Venus for his beauty. He was killed in the chase +by a wild boar. +2. A pre minently beautiful young man; a dandy. +3. (Bot.) A genus of plants of the family Ranunculace?, +containing the pheasaut's eye (Adonis autumnalis); - named +from Adonis, whose blood was fabled to have stained the +flower. +AOdo6nist (?), n. [Heb. ?d?n>i my Lords.] One who maintains +that points of the Hebrew word translated =Jehovah8 are +really the vowel points of the word =Adonai.8 See Jehovist. +Ad6oOnize (?), v. t. [Cf. F. adoniser, fr. Adonis.] To +beautify; to dandify. +I employed three good hours at least in adjusting and +adonozing myself. +Smollett. +AOdoor (?), AOdoors (?), } At the door; of the door; as, out +adoors. +Shak. +I took him in adoors. +Vicar's Virgil (1630). +AOdopt6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adopted; p. pr. & vb. n. +Adopting.] [L. adoptare; ad + optare to choose, desire: cf. +F. adopter. See Option.] 1. To take by choice into +relationship, as, child, heir, friend, citizen, etc.; esp. +to take voluntarily (a child of other parents) to be in the +place of, or as, one's own child. +2. To take or receive as one's own what is not so naturally; +to select and take or approve; as, to adopt the view or +policy of another; these resolutions were adopted. +AOdopt6aOble (?), a. Capable of being adopted. +AOdopt6ed (?), a. Taken by adoption; taken up as one's own; +as, an adopted son, citizen, country, word. - AOdopt6edOly, +adv. +AOdopt6er (?), n. 1. One who adopts. +2. (Chem.) A receiver, with two necks, opposite to each +other, one of which admits the neck of a retort, and the +other is joined to another receiver. It is used in +distillations, to give more space to elastic vapors, to +increase the length of the neck of a retort, or to unite two +vessels whose openings have different diameters. [Written +also adapter.] +AOdop6tion (?), n. [L. adoptio, allied to adoptare to adopt: +cf. F. adoption.] 1. The act of adopting, or state of being +adopted; voluntary acceptance of a child of other parents to +be the same as one's own child. +2. Admission to a more intimate relation; reception; as, the +adoption of persons into hospitals or monasteries, or of one +society into another. +3. The choosing and making that to be one's own which +originally was not so; acceptance; as, the adoption of +opinions. +Jer. Taylor. +AOdop6tionOist, n. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect which +maintained that Christ was the Son of God not by nature but +by adoption. +AOdop6tious (?), a. Adopted. [Obs.] +AOdopt6ive (?), a. [L. adoptivus: cf. F. adoptif.] +Pertaining to adoption; made or acquired by adoption; fitted +to adopt; as, an adoptive father, an child; an adoptive +language. - AOdopt6iveOly, adv. +AOdor7aObil6iOty (?), n. Adorableness. +AOdor6aOble (?), a. [L. adorabilis, fr. adorare: cf. F. +adorable.] 1. Deserving to be adored; worthy of divine +honors. +The adorable Author of Christianity. +Cheyne. +2. Worthy of the utmost love or respect. +AOdor6aObleOness, n. The quality of being adorable, or +worthy of adoration. +Johnson. +AOdor6aObly, adv. In an adorable manner. +Ad7oOra6tion (?), n. [L. adoratio, fr. adorare: cf. F. +adoration.] 1. The act of playing honor to a divine being; +the worship paid to God; the act of addressing as a god. +The more immediate objects of popular adoration amongst the +heathens were deified human beings. +Farmer. +2. Homage paid to one in high esteem; profound veneration; +intense regard and love; fervent devotion. +3. A method of electing a pope by the expression of homage +from two thirds of the conclave. +[Pole] might have been chosen on the spot by adoration. +Froude. +AOdore6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adored (?); p. pr. & vb. n. +Adoring (?).] [OE. aouren, anouren, adoren, OF. aorer, +adorer, F. adorer, fr. L. adorare; ad + orare to speak, +pray, os, oris, mouth. In OE. confused with honor, the +French prefix aO being confused with OE. a, an, on. See +Oral.] 1. To worship with profound reverence; to pay divine +honors to; to honor as deity or as divine. +Bishops and priests, ... bearing the host, which he [James +?.] publicly adored. +Smollett. +2. To love in the highest degree; to regard with the utmost +esteem and affection; to idolize. +The great mass of the population abhorred Popery and adored +Montouth. +Macaulay. +AOdore6, v. t. To adorn. [Obs.] +Congealed little drops which do the morn adore. +Spenser. +AOdore6ment (?), n. The act of adoring; adoration. [Obs.] +Sir T. Browne. +AOdor6er (?), n. One who adores; a worshiper; one who +admires or loves greatly; an ardent admirer. =An adorer of +truth.8 +Clarendon. +I profess myself her adorer, not her friend. +Shak. +AOdor6ingOly, adv. With adoration. +AOdorn6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adorned (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Adorning.] [OE. aournen, anournen, adornen, OF. aorner, +fr. L. aaornare; ad + ornare to furnish, embellish. See +Adore, Ornate.] To deck or dress with ornaments; to +embellish; to set off to advantage; to render pleasing or +attractive. +As a bride adorneth herself with her jewels. +Isa. lxi. 10. +At church, with meek and unaffected grace, +His looks adorned the venerable place. +Goldsmith. +Syn. - To deck; decorate; embellish; ornament; beautify; +grace; dignify; exalt; honor. - To Adorn, Ornament, +Decorate, Embellish. We decorate and ornament by putting on +some adjunct which is attractive or beautiful, and which +serves to heighten the general effect. Thus, a lady's +head-dress may be ornament or decorated with flowers or +jewelry; a hall may be decorated or ornament with carving or +gilding, with wreaths of flowers, or with hangings. +Ornament is used in a wider sense than decorate. To +embellish is to beautify or ornament richly, not so much by +mere additions or details as by modifying the thing itself +as a whole. It sometimes means gaudy and artificial +decoration. We embellish a book with rich engravings; a +style is embellished with rich and beautiful imagery; a +shopkeeper embellishes his front window to attract +attention. Adorn is sometimes identical with decorate, as +when we say, a lady was adorned with jewels. In other cases, +it seems to imply something more. Thus, we speak of a +gallery of paintings as adorned with the works of some of +the great masters, or adorned with noble statuary and +columns. Here decorated and ornamented would hardly be +appropriate. There is a value in these works of genius +beyond mere show and ornament. Adorn may be used of what is +purely moral; as, a character adorned with every Christian +grace. Here neither decorate, nor ornament, nor embellish is +proper. +AOdorn6, n. Adornment. [Obs.] +Spenser. +AOdorn6, a. Adorned; decorated. [Obs.] +Milton. +Ad7orOna6tion (?), n. Adornment. [Obs.] +AOdorn6er (?), n. He who, or that which, adorns; a +beautifier. +AOdorn6ingOly, adv. By adorning; decoratively. +AOdorn6ment (?), n. [Cf. OF. adornement. See Adorn.] An +adorning; an ornament; a decoration. +AdOos6cuOla6tion (?), n. [L. adosculari, adosculatum, to +kiss. See Osculate.] (Biol.) Impregnation by external +contact, without intromission. +AOdown6 (?), adv. [OE. adun, adoun, adune. AS. of d?ne off +the hill. See Down.] From a higher to a lower situation; +downward; down, to or on the ground. [Archaic] =Thrice did +she sink adown.8 +Spenser. +AOdown6, prep. Down. [Archaic & Poetic] +Her hair adown her shoulders loosely lay displayed. +Prior. +AdOpress6 (?), v. t. [L. adpressus, p. p. of adprimere.] +See Appressed. - AdOpressed6 (?), a. +AOdrad6 (?), p. a. [P. p. of adread.] Put in dread; afraid. +[Obs.] +Chaucer. +Ad6raOgant (?), n. [F., a corruption of tragacanth.] Gum +tragacanth. +Brande & C. +AOdread6 (?), v. t. & i. [AS. andrdan, ondr; pref. aO (for +and against) + drden to dread. See Dread.] To dread. [Obs.] +Sir P. Sidney. +AOdreamed6 (?), p. p. Visited by a dream; - used in the +phrase, To be adreamed, to dream. [Obs.] +AdOre6nal (?), a. [Pref. adO + renal.] (Anat.) Suprarenal. +A6driOan (?), a. [L. Hadrianus.] Pertaining to the Adriatic +Sea; as, Adrian billows. +A7driOat6ic (?), a. [L. Adriaticus, Hadriaticus, fr. Adria +or Hadria, a town of the Veneti.] Of or pertaining to a sea +so named, the northwestern part of which is known as the +Gulf of Venice. +AOdrift6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO (for on) + drift.] +Floating at random; in a drifting condition; at the mercy of +wind and waves. Also fig. +So on the sea shall be set adrift. +Dryden. +Were from their daily labor turned adrift. +Wordsworth. +AOdrip6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO in + drip.] In a dripping +state; as, leaves all adrip. +D. G. Mitchell. +Ad6roOgate (?), v. t. [See Arrogate.] (Rom. L?w) To adopt (a +person who is his own master). +Ad7roOga6tion (?), n. [L. adrogatio, arrogatio, fr. +adrogare. See Arrogate.] (Rom. Law) A kind of adoption in +ancient Rome. See Arrogation. +AOdroit6 (?), a. [F. adroit; (L. ad) = droit straight, +right, fr. L. directus, p. p. of dirigere. See Direct.] +Dexterous in the use of the hands or in the exercise of the +mental faculties; exhibiting skill and readiness in avoiding +danger or escaping difficulty; ready in invention or +execution; - applied to persons and to acts; as, an adroit +mechanic, an adroit reply. =Adroit in the application of the +telescope and quadrant.8 Horsley. =He was adroit in +intrigue.8 +Macaulay. +Syn. - Dexterous; skillful; expert; ready; clever; deft; +ingenious; cunning; ready-witted. +AOdroit6ly, adv. In an adroit manner. +AOdroit6ness, n. The quality of being adroit; skill and +readiness; dexterity. +Adroitness was as requisite as courage. +Motley. +Syn. - See Skill. +AOdry6 (?), a. [Pref. aO (for on) + dry.] In a dry or +thirsty condition. =A man that is adry.8 +Burton. +Ad7sciOti6tious (?), a. [L. adscitus, p. p. of adsciscere, +asciscere, to take knowingly; ad + sciscere to seek to know, +approve, scire to know.] Supplemental; additional; +adventitious; ascititious. =Adscititious evidence.8 Bowring. +P Ad7sciOti6tiousOly, adv. +Ad6script (?), a. [L. adscriptus, p. p. of adscribere to +enroll. See Ascribe.] Held to service as attached to the +soil; - said of feudal serfs. +Ad6script (?), n. One held to service as attached to the +glebe or estate; a feudal serf. +Bancroft. +AdOscrip6tive (?), a.[L. adscriptivus. See Adscript.] +Attached or annexed to the glebe or estate and transferable +with it. +Brougham. +AdOsig7niOfiOca6tion (?), n. Additional signification. [R.] +Tooke. +AdOsig6niOfy (?), v. t. [L. adsignificare to show.] To +denote additionally. [R.] +Tooke. +AdOstrict6 (?), v. t. P AdOstric6tion (?), n. See Astrict, +and Astriction. +AdOstric6toOry (?), a. See Astrictory. +AdOstrin6gent (?), a. See Astringent. +X Ad7uOla6riOa (?), n. [From Adula, a mountain peak in +Switzerland, where fine specimens are found.] (Min.) A +transparent or translucent variety of common feldspar, or +orthoclase, which often shows pearly opalescent reflections; +- called by lapidaries moonstone. +Ad6uOlate (?), v. t. [L. adulatus, p. p. of adulari.] To +flatter in a servile way. +Byron. +Ad7uOla6tion (?), n. [F. adulation, fr. L. adulatio, fr. +adulari, adulatum, to flatter.] Servile flattery; praise in +excess, or beyond what is merited. +Think'st thou the fiery fever will go out +With titles blown from adulation? +Shak. +Syn. - Sycophancy; cringing; fawning; obsequiousness; +blandishment. - Adulation, Flattery, Compliment. Men deal in +compliments from a desire to please; they use flattery +either from undue admiration, or a wish to gratify vanity; +they practice adulation from sordid motives, and with a +mingled spirit of falsehood and hypocrisy. Compliment may be +a sincere expression of due respect and esteem, or it may be +unmeaning; flattery is apt to become gross; adulation is +always servile, and usually fulsome. +Ad6uOla7tor (?), n.b [L., fr. adulari: cf. F. adulateur.] A +servile or hypocritical flatterer. +Carlyle. +Ad6uOlaOtoOry (?), a. [L. adulatorius, fr. adulari: cf. OF. +adulatoire.] Containing excessive praise or compliment; +servilely praising; flattering; as, an adulatory address. +A mere rant of adulatory freedom. +Burke. +Ad6uOla7tress (?), n. A woman who flatters with servility. +AOdult6 (?), a. [L. adultus, p. p. of adolescere, akin to +alere to nourish: cf. F. adulte. See Adolescent, Old.] +Having arrived at maturity, or to full size and strength; +matured; as, an adult person or plant; an adult ape; an +adult age. +AOdult6, n. A person, animal, or plant grown to full size +and strength; one who has reached maturity. +5 In the common law, the term is applied to a person who has +attained full age or legal majority; in the civil law, to +males after the age of fourteen, and to females after +twelve. +Bouvier. Burrill. +AOdul6ter (?), v. i. [L. adulterare.] To commit adultery; to +pollute. [Obs.] +B. Jonson. +AOdul6terOant (?), n. [L. adulterans, p. pr. of adulterare.] +That which is used to adulterate anything. - a. +Adulterating; as, adulterant agents and processes. +AOdul6terOate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adulterated (?); p. +pr. & vb. n Adulterating (?).] [L. adulteratus, p. p. of +adulterare, fr. adulter adulterer, prob. fr. ad + alter +other, properly one who approaches another on account of +unlawful love. Cf. Advoutry.] +1. To defile by adultery. [Obs.] +Milton. +2. To corrupt, debase, or make impure by an admixture of a +foreign or a baser substance; as, to adulterate food, drink, +drugs, coin, etc. +The present war has... adulterated our tongue with strange +words. +Spectator. +Syn. - To corrupt; defile; debase; contaminate; vitiate; +sophisticate. +AOdul6terOate, v. i. To commit adultery. [Obs.] +AOdul6terOate (?), a. 1. Tainted with adultery. +2. Debased by the admixture of a foreign substance; +adulterated; spurious. +- AOdul6terOateOly, adv. P AOdul6terOateOness, n. +AOdul7terOa6tion (?), n. [L. adulteratio.] 1. The act of +adulterating; corruption, or debasement (esp. of food or +drink) by foreign mixture. +The shameless adulteration of the coin. +Prescott. +2. An adulterated state or product. +AOdul6terOa7tor (?), n. [L.] One who adulterates or +corrupts. [R.] +Cudworth. +AOdul6terOer (?), n. [Formed fr. the verb adulter, with the +E. ending Oer. See Advoutrer.] 1. A man who commits +adultery; a married man who has sexual intercourse with a +woman not his wife. +2. (Script.) A man who violates his religious covenant. +Jer. ix. 2. +AOdul6terOess (?), n. [Fem. from L. adulter. Cf. +Advoutress.] 1. A woman who commits adultery. +2. (Script.) A woman who violates her religious engagements. +James iv. 4. +AOdul6terOine (?), a.[L. adulterinus, fr. adulter.] +Proceeding from adulterous intercourse. Hence: Spurious; +without the support of law; illegal. +When any particular class of artificers or traders thought +proper to act as a corporation without a charter, such were +called adulterine guilds. +Adam Smith. +AOdul6terOine, n. An illegitimate child. [R.] +AOdul6terOize (?), v. i. To commit adultery. +Milton. +AOdul6terOous (?), a. 1. Guilty of, or given to, adultery; +pertaining to adultery; illicit. +Dryden. +2. Characterized by adulteration; spurious. =An adulterous +mixture.8 [Obs.] +Smollett. +AOdul6terOousOly, adv. In an adulterous manner. +AOdul6terOy (?), n.; pl. Adulteries (?). [L. adulterium. See +Advoutry.] 1. The unfaithfulness of a married person to the +marriage bed; sexual intercourse by a married man with +another than his wife, or voluntary sexual intercourse by a +married woman with another than her husband. + + <p. 25> + +5 It is adultery on the part of the married wrongdoer. +The word has also been used to characterize the act of an +unmarried participator, the other being married. In the +United States the definition varies with the local statutes. +Unlawful intercourse between two married persons is +sometimes called double adultery; between a married and an +unmarried person, single adultery. +2. Adulteration; corruption. [Obs.] +B. Jonson. +3. (Script.) (a) Lewdness or unchastity of thought as well +as act, as forbidden by the seventh commandment. (b) +Faithlessness in religion. +Jer. iii. 9. +4. (Old Law) The fine and penalty imposed for the offense of +adultery. +5. (Eccl.) The intrusion of a person into a bishopric during +the life of the bishop. +6. Injury; degradation; ruin. [Obs.] +You might wrest the caduceus out of my hand to the adultery +and spoil of nature. +B. Jonson. +AOdult6ness (?), n. The state of being adult. +AdOum6brant (?), a. [L. adumbrans, p. pr. of adumbrare.] +Giving a faint shadow, or slight resemblance; shadowing +forth. +AdOum6brate (?), v. t. [L. adumbratus, p. p. of adumbrare; +ad + umbrare to shade; umbra shadow.] +4. To give a faint shadow or slight representation of; to +outline; to shadow forth. +Both in the vastness and the richness of the visible +universe the invisible God is adumbrated. +L. Taylor. +2. To overshadow; to shade. +Ad7umObra6tion (?), n. [L. adumbratio.] 1. The act of +adumbrating, or shadowing forth. +2. A faint sketch; an outline; an imperfect portrayal or +representation of a thing. +Elegant adumbrations of sacred truth. +Bp. Horsley. +3. (Her.) The shadow or outlines of a figure. +AdOum6braOtive (?), a. Faintly representing; typical. +Carlyle. +Ad7uOna6tion (?), n. [L. adunatio; ad + unus one.] A +uniting; union. +Jer. Taylor. +AOdunc6, AOdunque6 (?), a. (Zol.) Hooked; as, a parrot has +an adunc bill. +AOdun6ciOty (?), n. [L. aduncitas. See Aduncous.] Curvature +inwards; hookedness. +The aduncity of the beaks of hawks. +Pope. +AOdun6cous (?), a. [L. aduncus; ad + uncus hooked, hook.] +Curved inwards; hooked. +AOdure6 (?), v. t. [L. adurere; ad + urere to burn.] To burn +up. [Obs.] +Bacon. +AOdust6 (?), a. [L. adustus, p. p. of adurere: cf. F. +aduste.] 1. Inflamed or scorched; fiery. =The Libyan air +adust.= +Milton. +2. Looking as if or scorched; sunburnt. +A tall, thin man, of an adust complexion. +Sir W. Scott. +3. (Med.) Having much heat in the constitution and little +serum in the blood. [Obs.] Hence: Atrabilious; sallow; +gloomy. +AOdust6ed, a. Burnt; adust. [Obs.] +Howell. +AOdust6iOble (?), a. That may be burnt. [Obs.] +AOdus6tion (?; 106), n. [L. adustio, fr. adurere, adustum: +cf. F. adustion.] 1. The act of burning, or heating to +dryness; the state of being thus heated or dried. [Obs. or +R.] +Harvey. +2. (Surg.) Cauterization. +Buchanan. +X Ad vaOlo6rem (?). [L., according to the value.] (Com.) A +term used to denote a duty or charge laid upon goods, at a +certain rate per cent upon their value, as stated in their +invoice, P in opposition to a specific sum upon a given +quantity or number; as, an ad valorem duty of twenty per +cent. +AdOvance6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Advanced (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Advancing (?)(?).] [OE. avancen, avauncen, F. +avancer, fr. a supposed LL. abantiare; ab + ante (F. avant) +before. The spelling with d was a mistake, aO being supposed +to be fr. L. ad. See Avaunt.] 1. To bring forward; to move +towards the van or front; to make to go on. +2. To raise; to elevate. [Archaic] +They... advanced their eyelids. +Shak. +3. To raise to a higher rank; to promote. +Ahasueres... advanced him, and set his seat above all the +princes. +Esther iii. 1. +4. To accelerate the growth or progress; to further; to +forward; to help on; to aid; to heighten; as, to advance the +ripening of fruit; to advance one's interests. +5. To bring to view or notice; to offer or propose; to show; +as, to advance an argument. +Some ne'er advance a judgment of their own. +Pope. +6. To make earlier, as an event or date; to hasten. +7. To furnish, as money or other value, before it becomes +due, or in aid of an enterprise; to supply beforehand; as, a +merchant advances money on a contract or on goods consigned +to him. +8. To raise to a higher point; to enhance; to raise in rate; +as, to advance the price of goods. +9. To extol; to laud. [Obs.] +Greatly advancing his gay chivalry. +Spenser. +Syn. P To raise; elevate; exalt; aggrandize; improve; +heighten; accelerate; allege; adduce; assign. +AdOvance6, v. i. 1. To move or go forward; to proceed; as, +he advanced to greet me. +2. To increase or make progress in any respect; as, to +advance in knowledge, in stature, in years, in price. +3. To rise in rank, office, or consequence; to be preferred +or promoted. +Advanced to a level with ancient peers. +Prescott. +AdOvance6, n. [Cf. F. avance, fr. avancer. See Advance, v.] +1. The act of advancing or moving forward or upward; +progress. +2. Improvement or progression, physically, mentally, +morally, or socially; as, an advance in health, knowledge, +or religion; an advance in rank or office. +3. An addition to the price; rise in price or value; as, an +advance on the prime cost of goods. +4. The first step towards the attainment of a result; +approach made to gain favor, to form an acquaintance, to +adjust a difference, etc.; an overture; a tender; an offer; +P usually in the plural. +[He] made the like advances to the dissenters. +Swift. +5. A furnishing of something before an equivalent is +received (as money or goods), towards a capital or stock, or +on loan; payment beforehand; the money or goods thus +furnished; money or value supplied beforehand. +I shall, with pleasure, make the necessary advances. +Jay. +The account was made up with intent to show what advances +had been made. +Kent. +In advance (a) In front; before. (b) Beforehand; before an +equivalent is received. (c) In the state of having advanced +money on account; as, A is advance to B a thousand dollars +or pounds. +AdOvance6 (?), a. Before in place, or beforehand in time; P +used for advanced; as, an advance guard, or that before the +main guard or body of an army; advance payment, or that made +before it is due; advance proofs, advance sheets, pages of a +forthcoming volume, received in advance of the time of +publication. +AdOvanced6 (?), a. 1. In the van or front. +2. In the front or before others, as regards progress or +ideas; as, advanced opinions, advanced thinkers. +3. Far on in life or time. +A gentleman advanced in years, with a hard experience +written in his wrinkles. +Hawthorne. +Advanced guard, a detachment of troops which precedes the +march of the main body. +AdOvance6ment (?), n. [OE. avancement, F. avancement. See +Advance, v. t.] 1. The act of advancing, or the state of +being advanced; progression; improvement; furtherance; +promotion to a higher place or dignity; as, the advancement +of learning. +In heaven... every one (so well they love each other) +rejoiceth and hath his part in each other's advancement. +Sir T. More. +True religion... proposes for its end the joint advancement +of the virtue and happiness of the people. +Horsley. +2. An advance of money or value; payment in advance. See +Advance, 5. +3. (Law) Property given, usually by a parent to a child, in +advance of a future distribution. +4. Settlement on a wife, or jointure. [Obs.] +Bacon. +AdOvan6cer (?), n. 1. One who advances; a promoter. +2. A second branch of a buck's antler. +Howell. +AdOvan6cive (?), a. Tending to advance. [R.] +AdOvan6tage (?; 61, 48), n. [OE. avantage, avauntage, F. +avantage, fr. avant before. See Advance, and cf. Vantage.] +1. Any condition, circumstance, opportunity, or means, +particularly favorable to success, or to any desired end; +benefit; as, the enemy had the advantage of a more elevated +position. +Give me advantage of some brief discourse. +Shak. +The advantages of a close alliance. +Macaulay. +2. Superiority; mastery; P with of or over. +Lest Satan should get an advantage of us. +2 Cor. ii. 11. +3. Superiority of state, or that which gives it; benefit; +gain; profit; as, the advantage of a good constitution. +4. Interest of money; increase; overplus (as the thirteenth +in the baker's dozen). [Obs.] +And with advantage means to pay thy love. +Shak. +Advantage ground, vantage ground. [R.] Clarendon. P To have +the advantage of (any one), to have a personal knowledge of +one who does not have a reciprocal knowledge. =You have the +advantage of me; I don't remember ever to have had the +honor.8 Sheridan. P To take advantage of, to profit by; +(often used in a bad sense) to overreach, to outwit. +Syn. P Advantage, Advantageous, Benefit, Beneficial. We +speak of a thing as a benefit, or as beneficial, when it is +simply productive of good; as, the benefits of early +discipline; the beneficial effects of adversity. We speak of +a thing as an advantage, or as advantageous, when it affords +us the means of getting forward, and places us on a =vantage +ground8 for further effort. Hence, there is a difference +between the benefits and the advantages of early education; +between a beneficial and an advantageous investment of +money. +AdOvan6tage, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Advantaged (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Advantaging (?).] [F. avantager, fr. avantage. See +Advance.] To give an advantage to; to further; to promote; +to benefit; to profit. +The truth is, the archbishop's own stiffness and averseness +to comply with the court designs, advantaged his adversaries +against him. +Fuller. +What is a man advantaged, if he gain the whole world, and +lose himself, or be cast away? +Luke ix. 25. +To advantage one's self of, to avail one's self of. [Obs.] +AdOvan6tageOaOble (?), a. Advantageous. [Obs.] +Ad7vanOta6geous (?), a. [F. avantageux, fr. avantage.] Being +of advantage; conferring advantage; gainful; profitable; +useful; beneficial; as, an advantageous position; trade is +advantageous to a nation. +Advabtageous comparison with any other country. +Prescott. +You see... of what use a good reputation is, and how swift +and advantageous a harbinger it is, wherever one goes. +Chesterfield. +Ad7vanOta6geousOly, adv. Profitably; with advantage. +Ad7vanOta6geousOness, n. Profitableness. +AdOvene6 (?), v. i. [L. advenire; ad + venire to come: cf. +F. avenir, advenir. See Come.] To accede, or come (to); to +be added to something or become a part of it, though not +essential. [R.] +Where no act of the will advenes as a coefficient. +Coleridge. +AdOven6ient (?), a. [L. adviens, p. pr. Coming from outward +causes; superadded. [Obs.] +Ad7vent (?), n. [L. adventus, fr. advenire, adventum: cf. F. +avent. See Advene.] 1. (Eccl.) The period including the four +Sundays before Christmas. +Advent Sunday (Eccl.), the first Sunday in the season of +Advent, being always the nearest Sunday to the feast of St. +Andrew (Now. 30). +Shipley. +2. The first or the expected second coming of Christ. +3. Coming; any important arrival; approach. +Death's dreadful advent. +Young. +Expecting still his advent home. +Tennyson. +Ad6ventOist (?), n. One of a religious body, embracing +several branches, who look for the proximate personal coming +of Christ; P called also Second Adventists. +SchaffPHerzog Encyc. +Ad7venOti6tious (?), a. [L. adventitius.] 1. Added +extrinsically; not essentially inherent; accidental or +causal; additional; supervenient; foreign. +To things of great dimensions, if we annex an adventitious +idea of terror, they become without comparison greater. +Burke. +2. (Nat. Hist.) Out of the proper or usual place; as, +adventitious buds or roots. +3. (Bot.) Accidentally or sparingly spontaneous in a country +or district; not fully naturalized; adventive; P applied to +foreign plants. +4. (Med.) Acquired, as diseases; accidental. +P Ad7venOti6tiousOly, adv. P Ad7venOti6tiousOness, n. +AdOven6tive (?), a. 1. Accidental. +2. (Bot.) Adventitious. +Gray. +AdOven6tive, n. A thing or person coming from without; an +immigrant. [R.] +Bacon. +AdOven6tuOal (?; 135), a. Relating to the season of advent. +Sanderson. +AdOven6ture (?; 135), n. [OE. aventure, aunter, anter, F. +aventure, fr. LL. adventura, fr. L. advenire, adventum, to +arrive, which in the Romance languages took the sense of =to +happen, befall.8 See Advene.] +1. That which happens without design; chance; hazard; hap; +hence, chance of danger or loss. +Nay, a far less good to man it will be found, if she must, +at all adventures, be fastened upon him individually. +Milton. +2. Risk; danger; peril. [Obs.] +He was in great adventure of his life. +Berners. +3. The encountering of risks; hazardous and striking +enterprise; a bold undertaking, in which hazards are to be +encountered, and the issue is staked upon unforeseen events; +a daring feat. +He loved excitement and adventure. +Macaulay. +4. A remarkable occurrence; a striking event; a stirring +incident; as, the adventures of one's life. +Bacon. +5. A mercantile or speculative enterprise of hazard; a +venture; a shipment by a merchant on his own account. +A bill of adventure (Com.), a writing setting forth that the +goods shipped are at the owner's risk. +Syn. P Undertaking; enterprise; venture; event. +AdOven6ture, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Adventured (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Adventuring (?).] [OE. aventuren, auntren, F. +aventurer, fr. aventure. See Adventure, n.] 1. To risk, or +hazard; jeopard; to venture. +He would not adventure himself into the theater. +Acts xix. 31. +2. To venture upon; to run the risk of; to dare. +Yet they adventured to go back. +Bunyan, +Discriminations might be adventured. +J. Taylor. +AdOven6ture, v. i. To try the chance; to take the risk. +I would adventure for such merchandise. +Shak. +AdOven6tureOful (?), a. Given to adventure. +AdOven6turOer (?), n. [Cf. F. aventurier.] +1. One who adventures; as, the merchant adventurers; one who +seeks his fortune in new and hazardous or perilous +enterprises. +2. A social pretender on the lookout for advancement. +AdOven6tureOsome (?), a. Full of risk; adventurous; +venturesome. P AdOven6tureOsomeOness, n. +AdOven6turOess (?), n. A female adventurer; a woman who +tries to gain position by equivocal means. +AdOven6turOous (?), a. [OE. aventurous, aunterous, OF. +aventuros, F. aventureux, fr. aventure. See Adventure, n.] +1. Inclined to adventure; willing to incur hazard; prone to +embark in hazardous enterprise; rashly daring; P applied to +persons. +Bold deed thou hast presumed, adventurous Eve. +Milton. +2. Full of hazard; attended with risk; exposing to danger; +requiring courage; rash; P applied to acts; as, an +adventurous undertaking, deed, song. +Syn. P Rash; foolhardy; presumptuous; enterprising; daring; +hazardous; venturesome. See Rash. +AdOven6turOousOly, adv. In an adventurous manner; +venturesomely; boldly; daringly. +AdOven6turOousOness, n. The quality or state of being +adventurous; daring; venturesomeness. +Ad6verb (?), n. [L. adverbium; ad + verbum word, verb: cf. +F. adverbe.] (Gram.) A word used to modify the sense of a +verb, participle, adjective, or other adverb, and usually +placed near it; as, he writes well; paper extremely white. +AdOver6biOal (?), a. [L. adverbialis: cf. F. adverbial.] Of +or pertaining to an adverb; of the nature of an adverb; as, +an adverbial phrase or form. +AdOver7biOal6iOty (?), n. The quality of being adverbial. +Earle. +AdOver6biOalOize (?), v. t. To give the force or form of an +adverb to. +AdOver6biOalOly, adv. In the manner of an adverb. +X Ad7verOsa6riOa (?), n. pl. [L. adversaria (sc. scripta), +neut. pl. of adversarius.] A miscellaneous collection of +notes, remarks, or selections; a commonplace book; also, +commentaries or notes. +These parchments are supposed to have been St. Paul's +adversaria. +Bp. Bull. +Ad7verOsa6riOous (?), a. Hostile. [R.] +Southey. +Ad7verOsaOry (?), n.; pl. Adversaries (?). [OE. adversarie, +direct fr. the Latin, and adversaire, fr. OF. adversier, +aversier, fr. L. adversarius (a.) turned toward, (n.) an +adversary. See Adverse.] One who is turned against another +or others with a design to oppose + + <p. 26> + +or resist them; a member of an opposing or hostile party; an +opponent; an antagonist; an enemy; a foe. +His ancient knot of dangerous adversaries. +Shak. +Agree with thine adversary quickly. +Matt. v. 25. +It may be thought that to vindicate the permanency of truth +is to dispute without an adversary. +Beattie. +The Adversary, The Satan, or the Devil. +Syn. - Adversary, Enemy, Opponent, Antagonist. Enemy is the +only one of these words which necessarily implies a state of +personal hostility. Men may be adversaries, antagonists, or +opponents to each other in certain respects, and yet have no +feelings of general animosity. An adversary may be simply +one who is placed for a time in a hostile position, as in a +lawsuit, an argument, in chess playing, or at fence. An +opponent is one who is ranged against another (perhaps +passively) on the opposing side; as a political opponent, an +opponent in debate. An antagonist is one who struggles +against another with active effort, either in a literal +fight or in verbal debate. +Ad6verOsaOry (?), a. 1. Opposed; opposite; adverse; +antagonistic. [Archaic] +Bp. King. +2. (Law) Having an opposing party; not unopposed; as, an +adversary suit. +AdOver6saOtive (?), a. [L. adversativus, fr. adversari.] +Expressing contrariety, opposition, or antithesis; as, an +adversative conjunction (but, however, yet, etc.); an +adversative force. - AdOver6saOtiveOly, adv. +AdOver6saOtive, n. An adversative word. +Harris. +Ad6verse (?), a. [OE. advers, OF. avers, advers, fr. L. +adversus, p. p. advertere to turn to. See Advert.] +1. Acting against, or in a contrary direction; opposed; +contrary; opposite; conflicting; as, adverse winds; an +adverse party; a spirit adverse to distinctions of caste. +2. Opposite. =Calpe's adverse height.8 +Byron. +3. In hostile opposition to; unfavorable; unpropitious; +contrary to one's wishes; unfortunate; calamitous; +afflictive; hurtful; as, adverse fates, adverse +circumstances, things adverse. +Happy were it for us all if we bore prosperity as well and +wisely as we endure an adverse fortune. +Southey. + w possession (Law), a possession of real property avowedly +contrary to some claim of title in another person. +Abbott. +Syn. - Averse; reluctant; unwilling. See Averse. +AdOverse6 (?), v. t. [L. adversari: cf. OF. averser.] To +oppose; to resist. [Obs.] +Gower. +Ad6verseOly (277), adv. In an adverse manner; inimically; +unfortunately; contrariwise. +Ad6verseOness, n. The quality or state of being adverse; +opposition. +AdOver7siOfo6liOate (?), AdOver7siOfo6liOous (?) } a. [L. +adver + folium leaf.] (Bot.) Having opposite leaves, as +plants which have the leaves so arranged on the stem. +AdOver6sion (?), n.[L. adversio] A turning towards; +attention. [Obs.] +Dr. H. More. +AdOver6siOty (?), n.; pl. Adversities (?).[OE. adversite, F. +adversit, fr. L. adversitas.] 1. Opposition; contrariety. +[Obs.] +Wyclif. +2. A condition attended with severe trials; a state of +adverse fortune; misfortune; calamity; affliction, trial; - +opposed to wellPbeing or prosperity. +Adversity is not without comforts and hopes. +Bacon. +Syn. - Affliction; distress; misery; disaster; trouble; +suffering; trial. +AdOvert6 (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Adverted; p. pr. & vb. n. +Adverting.] [L. advertere, v. t., to turn to; ad + vertere +to turn: cf. F. avertir. See Advertise.] To turn the mind or +attention; to refer; to take heed or notice; - with to; as, +he adverted to what was said. +I may again advert to the distinction. +Owen. +Syn.- To refer; allude; regard. See Refer. +AdOvert6ence (?), AdOvert6enOcy (?), } [OF. advertence, +avertence, LL. advertentia, fr. L. advertens. See +Advertent.] The act of adverting, of the quality of being +advertent; attention; notice; regard; heedfulness. +To this difference it is right that advertence should be had +in regulating taxation. +J. S. Mill. +AdOvert6ent (?), a. [L. advertens, Oentis, p. pr. of +advertere. See Advert.] Attentive; heedful; regardful. Sir +M. Hale. P AdOvert6entOly, adv. +Ad7verOtise6 (?; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Advertised (?); +p. pr. & vb. n. Advertising (?).] [F. avertir, formerly also +spelt advertir, to warn, give notice to, L. advertere to +turn to. The ending was probably influenced by the noun +advertisement. See Advert.] To give notice to; to inform or +apprise; to notify; to make known; hence, to warn; - often +followed by of before the subject of information; as, to +advertise a man of his loss. [Archaic] +I will advertise thee what this people shall do. +Num. xxiv. 14. +4. To give public notice of; to announce publicly, esp. by a +printed notice; as, to advertise goods for sale, a lost +article, the sailing day of a vessel, a political meeting. +Syn. - To apprise; inform; make known; notify; announce; +proclaim; promulgate; publish. +AdOver6tiseOment (?; 277), n. [F.avertisement, formerly also +spelled advertissement, a warning, giving notice, fr. +avertir.] 1. The act of informing or notifying; +notification. [Archaic] +An advertisement of danger. +Bp. Burnet. +2. Admonition; advice; warning. [Obs.] +Therefore give me no counsel: +My griefs cry louder than advertisement. +Shak. +3. A public notice, especially a paid notice in some public +print; anything that advertises; as, a newspaper containing +many advertisement. +Ad7verOtis6er (?), n. One who, or that which, advertises. +AdOvice6 (?), n. [OE. avis, F. avis; ? + OF. vis, fr. L. +visum seemed, seen; really p. p. of videre to see, so that +vis meant that which has seemed best. See Vision, and cf. +Avise, Advise.] 1. An opinion recommended or offered, as +worthy to be followed; counsel. +We may give advice, but we can not give conduct. +Franklin. +2. Deliberate consideration; knowledge. [Obs.] +How shall I dote on her with more advice, +That thus without advice begin to love her? +Shak. +3. Information or notice given; intelligence; as, late +advices from France; - commonly in the plural. +5 In commercial language, advice usually means information +communicated by letter; - used chiefly in reference to +drafts or bills of exchange; as, a letter of advice. +McElrath. +4. (Crim. Law) Counseling to perform a specific illegal act. +Wharton. +w boat, a vessel employed to carry dispatches or to +reconnoiter; a dispatch boat. P To take ~. (a) To accept +advice. (b) To consult with another or others. +Syn. - Counsel; suggestion; recommendation; admonition; +exhortation; information; notice. +AdOvis7aObil6iOty (?), n. The quality of being advisable; +advisableness. +AdOvis6aOble (?), a. 1. Proper to be advised or to be done; +expedient; prudent. +Some judge it advisable for a man to account with his heart +every day. +South. +2. Ready to receive advice. [R.] +South. +Syn. - Expedient; proper; desirable; befitting. +AdOvis6aObleOness, n. The quality of being advisable or +expedient; expediency; advisability. +AdOvis6aObly, adv. With advice; wisely. +AdOvise6 (?), v. t.[imp. & p. p. Advised (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Advising (?).] [OE. avisen to perceive, consider, inform, +F. aviser, fr. LL. advisare. advisare; ad + visare, fr. L. +videre, visum, to see. See Advice, and cf. Avise.] 1. To +give advice to; to offer an opinion, as worthy or expedient +to be followed; to counsel; to warn. =I shall no more advise +thee.8 +Milton. +2. To give information or notice to; to inform; - with of +before the thing communicated; as, we were advised of the +risk. +To ~ one's self, to bethink one's self; to take counsel with +one's self; to reflect; to consider. [Obs.] +Bid thy master well advise himself. +Shak. +Syn. - To counsel; admonish; apprise; acquaint. +AdOvise6, v. t. 1. To consider; to deliberate. [Obs.] +Advise if this be worth attempting. +Milton. +2. To take counsel; to consult; - followed by with; as, to +advise with friends. +AdOvis6edOly (?), adv. 1. Circumspectly; deliberately; +leisurely. [Obs.] +Shak. +2. With deliberate purpose; purposely; by design. = +=Advisedly undertaken.8 +Suckling. +AdOvise6ment (?), n. [OE. avisement, F. avisement, fr. +aviser. See Advise, and cf. Avisement.] +1. Counsel; advise; information. [Archaic] +And mused awhile, waking advisement takes of what had passed +in sleep. +Daniel. +2. Consideration; deliberation; consultation. +Tempering the passion with advisement slow. +Spenser. +AdOvis6er (?), n. One who advises. +AdOvis6erOship, n. The office of an adviser. [R.] +AdOvi6so (?), n. [Cf. Sp. aviso. See Advice.] Advice; +counsel; suggestion; also, a dispatch or advice boat. [Obs.] +Sir T. Browne. +AdOvi6soOry (?), a. Having power to advise; containing +advice; as, an advisory council; their opinion is merely +advisory. +The General Association has a general advisory +superintendence over all the ministers and churches. +Trumbull. +Ad6voOcaOcy (?), n. [OF. advocatie, LL. advocatia. See +Advocate.] The act of pleading for or supporting; work of +advocating; intercession. +Ad6voOcate (?), n. [OE. avocat, avocet, OF. avocat, fr. L. +advocatus, one summoned or called to another; properly the +p. p. of advocare to call to, call to one's aid; ad + +vocare to call. See Advowee, Avowee, Vocal.] 1. One who +pleads the cause of another. Specifically: One who pleads +the cause of another before a tribunal or judicial court; a +counselor. +5 In the English and American Law, advocate is the same as +=counsel,8 =counselor,8 or =barrister.8 In the civil and +ecclesiastical courts, the term signifies the same as +=counsel8 at the common law. +2. One who defends, vindicates, or espouses any cause by +argument; a pleader; as, an advocate of free trade, an +advocate of truth. +3. Christ, considered as an intercessor. +We have an Advocate with the Father. +1 John ii. 1. +Faculty of advocates (Scot.), the Scottish bar in Edinburgh. +P Lord ~ (Scot.), the public prosecutor of crimes, and +principal crown lawyer. P Judge ~. See under Judge. +Ad6voOcate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Advocated (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Advocating (?).] [See Advocate, n., Advoke, Avow.] To +plead in favor of; to defend by argument, before a tribunal +or the public; to support, vindicate, or recommend publicly. +To advocate the cause of thy client. +Bp. Sanderson (1624). +This is the only thing distinct and sensible, that has been +advocated. +Burke. +Eminent orators were engaged to advocate his cause. +Mitford. +Ad6voOcate, v. i. To act as ~. [Obs.] +Fuller. +Ad6voOcateOship, n. Office or duty of an advocate. +Ad7voOca6tion (?), n. [L. advocatio: cf. OF. avocation. See +Advowson.] 1. The act of advocating or pleading; plea; +advocacy. [Archaic] +The holy Jesus... sits in heaven in a perpetual advocation +for us. +Jer. Taylor. +2. Advowson. [Obs.] +The donations or advocations of church livings. +Sanderson. +3. (Scots Law) The process of removing a cause from an +inferior court to the supreme court. +Bell. +Ad6voOcaOtoOry (?), a. Of or pertaining to an advocate. [R.] +AdOvoke6 (?), v. t. [L. advocare. See Advocate.] To summon; +to call. [Obs.] +Queen Katharine had privately prevailed with the pope to +advoke the cause to Rome. +Fuller. +Ad7voOlu6tion (?), n. [L. advolvere, advolutum, to roll to.] +A rolling toward something. [R.] +AdOvou6trer (?), n. [OF. avoutre, avoltre, fr. L. adulter. +Cf. Adulterer.] An adulterer. [Obs.] +AdOvou6tress (?), n. An adulteress. [Obs.] +Bacon. +AdOvou6try, AdOvow6try } (?), n. [OE. avoutrie, avouterie, +advoutrie, OF. avoutrie, avulterie, fr. L. adulterium. Cf. +Adultery.] Adultery. [Obs.] +Bacon. +AdOvowOee6 (?), n. [OE. avowe, F. avou, fr. L. advocatus. +See Advocate, Avowee, Avoyer.] One who has an advowson. +Cowell. +AdOvow6son (?; 277), n. [OE. avoweisoun, OF. avo son, fr. L. +advocatio. Cf. Advocation.] (Eng. Law) The right of +presenting to a vacant benefice or living in the church. +[Originally, the relation of a patron (advocatus) or +protector of a benefice, and thus privileged to nominate or +present to it.] +5 The benefices of the Church of England are in every case +subjects of presentation. They are nearly 12,000 in number; +the advowson of more than half of them belongs to private +persons, and of the remainder to the crown, bishops, deans +and chapters, universities, and colleges. +Amer. Cyc. +AdOvoy6er (?), n. See Avoyer. [Obs.] +AdOward6 (?), n. Award. [Obs.] +Spenser. +X Ad7yOna6miOa (?), n. [NL. adynamia, fr. Gr. ? want of +strength; ? priv + ? power, strength.] (Med.) Considerable +debility of the vital powers, as in typhoid fever. +Dunglison. +Ad7yOnam6ic (?), a. [Cf. F. adynamique. See Adynamy.] 1. +(Med.) Pertaining to, or characterized by, debility of the +vital powers; weak. +2. (Physics) Characterized by the absence of power or force. +w fevers, malignant or putrid fevers attended with great +muscular debility. +AOdyn6aOmy (?), n. Adynamia. [R.] +Morin. +X Ad6yOtum (?), n.; pl. Adyta (?). [L., fr. Gr. ?, n., fr. +?, a., not to be entered; ? priv. + ? to enter.] The +innermost sanctuary or shrine in ancient temples, whence +oracles were given. Hence: A private chamber; a sanctum. +Adz, Adze } (?), n. [OE. adese, adis, adse, AS. adesa, +adese, ax, hatchet.] A carpenter's or cooper's tool, formed +with a thin arching blade set at right angles to the handle. +It is used for chipping or slicing away the surface of wood. +Adz, v. t. To cut with an ~. [R.] +Carlyle. + or Ae. A diphthong in the Latin language; used also by the +Saxon writers. It answers to the Gr. ?. The AngloPSaxon +short was generally replaced by a, the long ? by e or ee. +In derivatives from Latin words with ae, it is mostly +superseded by e. For most words found with this initial +combination, the reader will therefore search under the +letter E. +X Ocid6iOum (?), n.; pl. cidia (?). [NL., dim. of Gr. ? +injury.] (Bot.) A form of fruit in the cycle of development +of the Rusts or Brands, an order of fungi, formerly +considered independent plants. +6dile (?), n. [L. aedilis, fr. aedes temple, public +building. Cf. Edify.] A magistrate in ancient Rome, who had +the superintendence of public buildings, highways, shows, +etc.; hence, a municipal officer. +6dileOship, n. The office of an dile. +T. Arnold. +Oge6an (?), a. [L. Aegeus; Gr. ?.] Of or pertaining to the +sea, or arm of the Mediterranean sea, east of Greece. See +Archipelago. +X 7giOcra6niOa (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, ?, goat + ?, n. +pl., heads.] (Arch.) Sculptured ornaments, used in classical +architecture, representing rams' heads or skulls. +g6iOlops (?), n. [L. aegilopis, Gr. ?, fr. ?, gen. ?, goat ++ ? eye.] 1. (Med.) An ulcer or fistula in the inner corner +of the eye. +2. (Bot.) (a) The great wildPoat grass or other cornfield +weed. Crabb. (b) A genus of plants, called also hardgrass. +X 6gis (?), n. [L. aegis, fr. Gr. ? a goat skin, a shield, +? goat, or fr. ? to rush.] A shield or protective armor; P +applied in mythology to the shield of Jupiter which he gave +to Minerva. Also fig.: A shield; a protection. +Ogoph6oOny (?), n. Same as Egophony. +X Ogro6tat (?), n. [L., he is sick.] (Camb. Univ.) A +medical certificate that a student is ill. +One6id (?), n. [L. Aeneis, Aeneidis, or Odos: cf. F. +?nde.] The great epic poem of Virgil, of which the hero is +neas. +AO 6neOous (?), a. [L. a neus.] (Zol.) Colored like bronze. +Oo6liOan (?), a. [L. Aeolius, Gr. ?.] 1. Of or pertaining +to olia or olis, in Asia Minor, colonized by the Greeks, +or to its inhabitants; olic; as, the olian dialect. +2. Pertaining to olus, the mythic god of the winds; +pertaining to, or produced by, the wind; a rial. +Viewless forms the olian organ play. +Campbell. +olian attachment, a contrivance often attached to a +pianoforte, which prolongs the vibrations, increases the + + <p. 27> + +volume of sound, etc., by forcing a stream of air upon the +strings. Moore. P olian harp, olian lyre, a musical +instrument consisting of a box, on or in which are stretched +strings, on which the wind acts to produce the notes; P +usually placed at an open window. Moore. P olian mode +(Mus.), one of the ancient Greek and early ecclesiastical +modes. +Ool6ic (?), a. [L. Aeolicus; Gr. ?.] olian, 1; as, the +olic dialect; the olic mode. +Ool6iOpile, Ool6iOpyle } (?), n. [L. aeolipilae; Aeolus +god of the winds + pila a ball, or Gr. ? gate (i. e., +doorway of olus); cf. F. olipyle.] An apparatus consisting +chiefly of a closed vessel (as a globe or cylinder) with one +or more projecting bent tubes, through which steam is made +to pass from the vessel, causing it to revolve. [Written +also eolipile.] +5 Such an apparatus was first described by Hero of +Alexandria about 200 years b. c. It has often been called +the first steam engine. +7oOloOtrop6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? changeful + ? a turning, ? to +turn.] (Physics) Exhibiting differences of quality or +property in different directions; not isotropic. +Sir W. Thomson. +7oOlot6roOpy (?), n. (Physics) Difference of quality or +property in different directions. +X 6oOlus (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?.] (Gr. & Rom. Myth.) The +god of the winds. +6on (?), n. A period of immeasurable duration; also, an +emanation of the Deity. See Eon. +Oo6niOan (?), a. [Gr. ?.] Eternal; everlasting. =onian +hills.8 +Tennyson. +X 7pyOor6nis (?), n. [Gr. ? high + ? bird.] A gigantic bird +found fossil in Madagascar. +A6 rOate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. A?rated (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. A?rating (?).] [Cf. F. arer. See Air,v. t.] 1. To +combine or charge with gas; usually with carbonic acid gas, +formerly called fixed air. +His sparkling sallies bubbled up as from a rated natural +fountains. +Carlyle. +2. To supply or impregnate with common air; as, to a rate +soil; to a rate water. +3. (Physiol.) To expose to the chemical action of air; to +oxygenate (the blood) by respiration; to arterialize. +A rated bread, bread raised by charging dough with carbonic +acid gas, instead of generating the gas in the dough by +fermentation. +A7 rOa6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. aration.] 1. Exposure to the +free action of the air; airing; as, a ration of soil, of +spawn, etc. +2. (Physiol.) A change produced in the blood by exposure to +the air in respiration; oxygenation of the blood in +respiration; arterialization. +3. The act or preparation of charging with carbonic acid gas +or with oxygen. +A6 rOa7tor (?), n. That which supplies with air; esp. an +apparatus used for charging mineral waters with gas and in +making soda water. +AO 6riOal (?), a. [L. a rius. See Air.] 1. Of or pertaining +to the air, or atmosphere; inhabiting or frequenting the +air; produced by or found in the air; performed in the air; +as, a rial regions or currents. =A rial spirits.8 Milton. +=A rial voyages.8 Darwin. +2. Consisting of air; resembling, or partaking of the nature +of air. Hence: Unsubstantial; unreal. +3. Rising aloft in air; high; lofty; as, a rial spires. +4. Growing, forming, or existing in the air, as opposed to +growing or existing in earth or water, or underground; as, +a rial rootlets, a rial plants. +Gray. +5. Light as air; ethereal. +w acid, carbonic acid. [Obs.] Ure. P w perspective. See +Perspective. +AO 7riOal6iOty (?), n. The state of being a rial; +?nsubstantiality. [R.] +De Quincey. +AO 6riOalOly (?), adv. Like, or from, the air; in an a rial +manner. =A murmur heard a rially.8 + Tennyson. +Ae6rie (?; 277), n. [OE. aire, eire, air, nest, also origin, +descent, OF. aire, LL. area, aera, nest of a bird of prey, +perh. fr. L. area an open space (for birds of prey like to +build their nests on flat and open spaces on the top of high +rocks). Cf. Area.] The nest of a bird of prey, as of an +eagle or hawk; also a brood of such birds; eyrie. Shak. Also +fig.: A human residence or resting place perched like an +eagle's nest. +A7 rOif6erOous (?), a. [L. a r air + Oferous: cf. F. +arif +re.] Conveying or containing air; airPbearing; as, the +windpipe is an a riferous tube. +A7 rOiOfiOca6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. arification. See A?rify.] +1. The act of combining air with another substance, or the +state of being filled with air. +2. The act of becoming a rified, or of changing from a solid +or liquid form into an a riform state; the state of being +a riform. +A6 rOiOform (?; 277), a. [L. a r air + Oform: cf. F. +ariforme.] Having the form or nature of air, or of an +elastic fluid; gaseous. Hence fig.: Unreal. +A6 rOiOfy (?), v. t. [L. a r air + Ofly.] 1. To infuse air +into; to combine air with. +2. To change into an a riform state. +A6 rOoO. [Gr. ?, ?, air.] The combining form of the Greek +word meaning air. +A6 rOoObies (?), n. pl. [A roO + Gr. ? life.] (Biol.) +Micro?rganisms which live in contact with the air and need +oxygen for their growth; as the microbacteria which form on +the surface of putrefactive fluids. +A7 rOoObiOot6ic (?; 101), a. (Biol.) Related to, or of the +nature of, a robies; as, a robiotic plants, which live only +when supplied with free oxygen. +A6 rOcyst (?), n. [A roO + cyst.] (Bot.) One of the air +cells of algals. +A6 rOoOdyOnam6ic (?), a. Pertaining to the force of air in +motion. +A7 rOoOdyOnam6ics (?), n. [A roO + dynamics: cf. F. +arodynamique.] The science which treats of the air and +other gaseous bodies under the action of force, and of their +mechanical effects. +A7 rOog6noOsy (?), n. [A roO + Gr. ? knowing, knowledge: cf. +F. arognosie.] The science which treats of the properties +of the air, and of the part it plays in nature. +Craig. +A7 rOog6raOpher (?), n. One versed in a ography: an +a rologist. +A7 rOoOgraph6ic (?), A7 rOoOgraph6icOal (?), } a. Pertaining +to a rography; a rological. +A7 rOog6raOphy (?), n. [A roO + Ography: cf. F. +arographie.] A description of the air or atmosphere; +a rology. +A7 rOoOhy7droOdyOnam6ic (?), a. [A roO + hydrodynamic.] +Acting by the force of air and water; as, an +a rohydrodynamic wheel. +A6 rOoOlite (?), n. [A roO + Olite: cf. F. arolithe.] +(Meteor.) A stone, or metallic mass, which has fallen to the +earth from distant space; a meteorite; a meteoric stone. +5 Some writers limit the word to stony meteorites. +A6 rOoOlith (?), n. Same as A?rolite. +A7 rOoOliOthol6oOgy (?), n. [A roO + lithology.] The science +of a rolites. +A7 rOoOlit6ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a rolites; +meteoric; as, a rolitic iron. +Booth. +A7 rOoOlog6ic (?), A7 rOoOlog6icOal (?), } a. Of or +pertaining to a rology. +A7 rOol6oOgist (?), n. One versed in a rology. +A7 rOol6oOgy (?), n. [A roO + Ology: cf. F. arologie.] That +department of physics which treats of the atmosphere. +A6 rOoOman7cy (?), n. [A roO + Omancy: cf. F. aromancie.] +Divination from the state of the air or from atmospheric +substances; also, forecasting changes in the weather. +A7 rOom6eOter (?), n. [A roO + Ometer: cf. F. arom +tre.] An +instrument for ascertaining the weight or density of air and +gases. +A7 rOoOmet6ric (?), a. Of or pertaining to a rometry; as, +a rometric investigations. +A7 rOom6eOtry (?), n. [A roO + Ometry: cf. F. aromtrie.] +The science of measuring the air, including the doctrine of +its pressure, elasticity, rarefaction, and condensation; +pneumatics. +A6 rOoOnaut (?; 277), n. [F. aronaute, fr. Gr. ? air + ? +sailor. See Nautical.] An a rial navigator; a balloonist. +A7 rOoOnaut6ic (?), A7 rOoOnaut6icOal (?), } a. [Cf. F. +aronauitique.] Pertaining to a ronautics, or a rial +sailing. +A7 rOoOnaut6ics (?), n. The science or art of ascending and +sailing in the air, as by means of a balloon; a rial +navigation; ballooning. +X A7 rOoOpho6biOa (?), A7 rOoph6oOby (?), } n. [A roO + Gr. +? fear: cf. F. arophobie.] (Med.) Dread of a current of +air. +A6 rOoOphyte (?), n. [A roO + Gr. ? plant, ? to grow: cf. F. +arophyte.] (Bot.) A plant growing entirely in the air, and +receiving its nourishment from it; an air plant or epiphyte. +A6 rOoOplane7 (?), n. [A roO + plane.] A flying machine, or +a small plane for experiments on flying, which floats in the +air only when propelled through it. +A6 rOoOscope (?), n. [A roO + Gr. ? to look out.] (Biol.) An +apparatus designed for collecting spores, germs, bacteria, +etc., suspended in the air. +A7 rOos6coOpy (?), n. [A roO + Gr. ? a looking out; ? to spy +out.] The observation of the state and variations of the +atmosphere. +Orose6 (?), a. [L. aerosus, fr. aes, aeris, brass, copper.] +Of the nature of, or like, copper; brassy. [R.] +A7 rOoOsid6erOite (?), n. [A roO + siderite.] (Meteor.) A +mass of meteoric iron. +A6 rOoOsphere (?), n. [A roO + sphere: cf. F. arosph +re.] +The atmosphere. [R.] +A6 rOoOstat (?), n. [F. arostat, fr. Gr. ? air + ? placed. +See Statics.] 1. A balloon. +2. A balloonist; an a ronaut. +A7 rOoOstat6ic (?), A7 rOoOstat6icOal (?), } a. [A roO + Gr. +?: cf. F. arostatique. See Statical, Statics.] 1. Of or +pertaining to a rostatics; pneumatic. +2. A ronautic; as, an a rostatic voyage. +A7 rOoOstat6ics (?), n. The science that treats of the +equilibrium of elastic fluids, or that of bodies sustained +in them. Hence it includes a ronautics. +A7 rOosOta6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. arostation the art of using +a rostats.] 1. A rial navigation; the art of raising and +guiding balloons in the air. +2. The science of weighing air; a rostatics. [Obs.] +Oru6giOnous (?), a. [L. aeruginosus, fr. aerugo rust of +copper, fr. aes copper: cf. F. rugineux.] Of the nature or +color of verdigris, or the rust of copper. +X Oru6go (?), n. [L. aes brass, copper.] The rust of any +metal, esp. of brass or copper; verdigris. +Ae6ry (?), n. An aerie. +A6 rOy (?), a. [See Air.] A rial; ethereal; incorporeal; +visionary. [Poetic] +M. Arnold. +s7cuOla6piOan (?), a. Pertaining to sculapius or to the +healing art; medical; medicinal. +s7cuOla6piOus (?), n. [L. Aesculapius, Gr. ?.] (Myth.) The +god of medicine. Hence, a physician. +s6cuOlin (?), n. Same as Esculin. +Oso6piOan, EOso6piOan (?), a. [L. Aesopius, from Gr. ?, fr. +the famous Greek fabulist sop (?).] Of or pertaining to +sop, or in his manner. +Osop6ic, EOsop6ic (?), a. [L. Aesopicus, Gr. ?.] Same as +sopian. +X sOthe6siOa (?), n. [Gr. ? sensation, fr. ? to perceive.] +(Physiol.) Perception by the senses; feeling; P the opposite +of ansthesia. +aOthe7siOom6eOter, EsOthe7siOom6eOter (?), n. [Gr. ? (see +sthesia) + Ometer.] An instrument to measure the degree of +sensation, by determining at how short a distance two +impressions upon the skin can be distinguished, and thus to +determine whether the condition of tactile sensibility is +normal or altered. +X sOthe66sis (?), n. [Gr. ?.] Sensuous perception. [R.] +Ruskin. +s7theOsod6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? sensation + ? a way; cf. F. +esthsodique.] (Physiol.) Conveying sensory or afferent +impulses; P said of nerves. +s6thete (?), n. [Gr. ? one who perceives.] One who makes +much or overmuch of sthetics. [Recent] +sOthet6ic (?), sOthet6icOal (?), } a. Of or Pertaining to +sthetics; versed in sthetics; as, sthetic studies, +emotions, ideas, persons, etc. P sOthet6icOalOly, adv. +s7theOti6can (?), n. One versed in sthetics. +sOthet6iOcism (?), n. The doctrine of sthetics; sthetic +principles; devotion to the beautiful in nature and art. +Lowell. +sOthet6ics, EsOthet6ics (?; 277), n. [Gr. ? perceptive, +esp. by feeling, fr. ? to perceive, feel: cf. G. sthetik, +F. esthtique.] The theory or philosophy of taste; the +science of the beautiful in nature and art; esp. that which +treats of the expression and embodiment of beauty by art. +s7thoPphys7iOol6oOgy (?), n. [Gr. ? to perceive + E. +physiology.] The science of sensation in relation to nervous +action. +H. Spenser. +s6tiOval (?), a. [L. aestivalis, aestivus, fr. aestas +summer.] Of or belonging to the summer; as, stival +diseases. [Spelt also estival.] +s6tiOvate (?), v. i. [L. aestivare, aestivatum.] 1. To +spend the summer. +2. (Zol.) To pass the summer in a state of torpor. +[Spelt also estivate.] +s7tiOva6tion (?), n. 1. (Zol.) The state of torpidity +induced by the heat and dryness of summer, as in certain +snails; P opposed to hibernation. +2. (Bot.) The arrangement of the petals in a flower bud, as +to folding, overlapping, etc.; prefloration. +Gray. +[Spelt also estivation.] +s6tuOaOry (?; 135), n. & a. See Estuary. +s6tuOous (?), a. [L. aestuosus, fr. aestus fire, glow.] +Glowing; agitated, as with heat. +AO 7theOog6aOmous (?), a. [Gr. ? unusual (? priv. + ? +custom) + ? marriage.] (Bot.) Propagated in an unusual way; +cryptogamous. +6ther (?), n. See Ether. +6thiOops min6erOal (?). (Chem.) Same as Ethiops mineral. +[Obs.] +th6oOgen (?), n. [Gr. ? fire, light + Ogen.] (Chem.) A +compound of nitrogen and boro?, which, when heated before +the blowpipe, gives a brilliant phosphorescent; boric +nitride. +6thriOoOscope (?), n. [Gr. ? clear + ? to observe.] An +instrument consisting in part of a differential thermometer. +It is used for measuring changes of temperature produced by +different conditions of the sky, as when clear or clouded. +7tiOoOlog6icOal (?), a. Pertaining to tiology; assigning a +cause. P 7tiOoOlog6icOalOly, adv. +7tiOol6oOgy (?), n. [L. aetologia, Gr. ?; ? cause + ? +description: cf. F. tiologie.] 1. The science, doctrine, or +demonstration of causes; esp., the investigation of the +causes of any disease; the science of the origin and +development of things. +2. The assignment of a cause. +X A7 Oti6tes (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ? (sc. ?) stone, fr. ? +eagle.] See Eaglestone. +AOfar6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO.(for on or of) + far.] At, to, or +from a great distance; far away; P often used with from +preceding, or off following; as, he was seen from afar; I +saw him afar off. +The steep where Fame's proud temple shines afar. +Beattie. +AOfeard6 (?), p. a. [OE. afered, AS. >f?red, p. p. of >f?ran +to frighten; >O (cf. Goth. usO, Ger. erO, orig. meaning out) ++ f?ran to frighten. See Fear.] Afraid. [Obs. Sometimes +heard from the uneducated.] +Be not afeard; the isle is full of noises. +Shak. +X A6fer (?), n. [L.] The southwest wind. +Milton. +Af7faObil6iOty (?), n. [L. affabilitas: cf. F. affabilit.] +The quality of being affable; readiness to converse; +courteousness in receiving others and in conversation; +complaisant behavior. +Affability is of a wonderful efficacy or power in procuring +love. +Elyot +Af6faOble (?), a. [F. affable, L. affabilis, fr. affari to +speak to; ad + fari to speak. See Fable.] 1. Easy to be +spoken to or addressed; receiving others kindly and +conversing with them in a free and friendly manner; +courteous; sociable. +An affable and courteous gentleman. +Shak. +His manners polite and affable. +Macaulay. +2. Gracious; mild; benign. +A serene and affable countenance. +Tatler. +Syn. P Courteous; civil; complaisant; accessible; mild; +benign; condescending. +Af6faObleOness, n. Affability. +Af6faObly, adv. In an affable manner; courteously. + + <p. 28> + +Af6faObrous (?), a. [L. affaber workmanlike; ad + faber.] +Executed in a workmanlike manner; ingeniously made. [R.] +Bailey. +AfOfair6 (?), n. [OE. afere, affere, OF. afaire, F. affaire, +fr. a faire to do; L.. ad + facere to do. See Fact, and cf. +Ado.] 1. That which is done or is to be done; matter; +concern; as, a difficult affair to manage; business of any +kind, commercial, professional, or public; P often in the +plural. =At the head of affairs.8 Junius. =A talent for +affairs.8 Prescott. +2. Any proceeding or action which it is wished to refer to +or characterize vaguely; as, an affair of honor, i. e., a +duel; an affair of love, i. e., an intrigue. +3. (Mil.) An action or engagement not of sufficient +magnitude to be called a battle. +4. Action; endeavor. [Obs.] +And with his best affair +Obeyed the pleasure of the Sun. +Chapman. +5. A material object (vaguely designated). +A certain affair of fine red cloth much worn and faded. +Hawthorne. +AfOfam6ish (?), v. t. & i. [F. affamer, fr. L. ad + fames +hunger. See Famish.] To afflict with, or perish from, +hunger. [Obs.] +Spenser. +AfOfam6ishOment (?), n. Starvation. +Bp. Hall. +AfOfat6uOate (?), v. t. [L. ad + fatuus foolish.] To +infatuate. [Obs.] +Milton. +AfOfear6 (?), v. t. [OE. aferen, AS. >f?ran. See Afeard.] To +frighten. [Obs.] +Spenser. +AfOfect6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Affected; p. pr. & vb. n. +Affecting.] [L. affectus, p. p. of afficere to affect by +active agency; ad + facere to make: cf. F. affectere, L. +affectare, freq. of afficere. See Fact.] 1. To act upon; to +produce an effect or change upon. +As might affect the earth with cold heat. +Milton. +The climate affected their health and spirits. +Macaulay. +2. To influence or move, as the feelings or passions; to +touch. +A consideration of the rationale of our passions seems to me +very necessary for all who would affect them upon solid and +pure principles. +3. To love; to regard with affection. [Obs.] +As for Queen Katharine, he rather respected than affected, +rather honored than loved, her. +Fuller. +4. To show a fondness for; to like to use or practice; to +choose; hence, to frequent habitually. +For he does neither affect company, nor is he fit for ?t, +indeed. +Shak. +Do not affect the society of your inferiors in rank, nor +court that of the great. +Hazlitt. +5. To dispose or incline. +Men whom they thought best affected to religion and their +country's liberty. +Milton. +6. To aim at; to aspire; to covet. [Obs.] +This proud man affects imperial ?way. +Dryden. +7. To tend to by affinity or disposition. +The drops of every fluid affect a round figure. +Newton. +8. To make a show of; to put on a pretense of; to feign; to +assume; as, to affect ignorance. +Careless she is with artful care, +Affecting to seem unaffected. +Congreve. +Thou dost affect my manners. +Shak. +9. To assign; to appoint. [R.] +One of the domestics was affected to his special service. +Thackeray. +Syn. P To influence; operate; act on; concern; move; melt; +soften; subdue; overcome; pretend; assume. +AfOfect6, n. [L. affectus.] Affection; inclination; passion; +feeling; disposition. [Obs.] +Shak. +Af7fecOta6tion (?), n. [L. affectatio: cf. F. affectation.] +1. An attempt to assume or exhibit what is not natural or +real; false display; artificial show. =An affectation of +contempt.8 +Macaulay. +Affectation is an awkward and forced imitation of what +should be genuine and easy, wanting the beauty that +accompanies what is natural what is natural. +Locke. +2. A striving after. [Obs.] +Bp. Pearson. +3. Fondness; affection. [Obs.] +Hooker. +Af7fecOta6tionOist, n. One who exhibits affectation. [R.] +Fitzed. Hall. +AfOfect6ed (?), p. p. & a. 1. Regarded with affection; +beloved. [Obs.] +His affected Hercules. +Chapman. +2. Inclined; disposed; attached. +How stand you affected his wish? +Shak. +3. Given to false show; assuming or pretending to posses +what is not natural or real. +He is... too spruce, too affected, too odd. +Shak. +4. Assumed artificially; not natural. +Affected coldness and indifference. +Addison. +5. (Alg.) Made up of terms involving different powers of the +unknown quantity; adfected; as, an affected equation. +AfOfect6edOly, adv. 1. In an affected manner; +hypocritically; with more show than reality. +2. Lovingly; with tender care. [Obs.] +Shak. +AfOfect6edOness, n. Affectation. +AfOfect6er (?), n. One who affects, assumes, pretends, or +strives after. =Affecters of wit.8 +Abp. Secker. +AfOfect7iObil6iOty (?), n. The quality or state of being +affectible. [R.] +AfOfect6iObl? (?), a. That may be affected. [R.] +Lay aside the absolute, and, by union with the creaturely, +become affectible. +Coleridge. +AfOfect6ing, a. 1. Moving the emotions; fitted to excite the +emotions; pathetic; touching; as, an affecting address; an +affecting sight. +The most affecting music is generally the most simple. +Mitford. +2. Affected; given to false show. [Obs.] +A drawling; affecting rouge. +Shak. +AfOfect6ingOly (?), adv. In an affecting manner; is a manner +to excite emotions. +AfOfec6tion (?), n. [F. affection, L. affectio, fr. +afficere. See Affect.] 1. The act of affecting or acting +upon; the state of being affected. +2. An attribute; a quality or property; a condition; a +bodily state; as, figure, weight, etc., are affections of +bodies. =The affections of quantity.8 +Boyle. +And, truly, waking dreams were, more or less, +An old and strange affection of the house. +Tennyson. +3. Bent of mind; a feeling or natural impulse or natural +impulse acting upon and swaying the mind; any emotion; as, +the benevolent affections, esteem, gratitude, etc.; the +malevolent affections, hatred, envy, etc.; inclination; +disposition; propensity; tendency. +Affection is applicable to an unpleasant as well as a +pleasant state of the mind, when impressed by any object or +quality. +Cogan. +4. A settled good will; kind feeling; love; zealous or +tender attachment; P often in the pl. Formerly followed by +to, but now more generally by for or towards; as, filial, +social, or conjugal affections; to have an affection for or +towards children. +All his affections are set on his own country. +Macaulay. +5. Prejudice; bias. [Obs.] +Bp. Aylmer. +6. (Med.) Disease; morbid symptom; malady; as, a pulmonary +affection. +Dunglison. +7. The lively representation of any emotion. +Wotton. +8. Affectation. [Obs.] =Spruce affection.8 +Shak. +9. Passion; violent emotion. [Obs.] +Most wretched man, +That to affections does the bridle lend. +Spenser. +Syn. P Attachment; passion; tenderness; fondness; kindness; +love; good will. See Attachment; Disease. +AdOfec6tionOal (?), a. Of or pertaining to the affections; +as, affectional impulses; an affectional nature. +AfOfec6tionOate (?), a. [Cf. F. affectionn.] 1. Having +affection or warm regard; loving; fond; as, an affectionate +brother. +2. Kindly inclined; zealous. [Obs.] +Johson. +Man, in his love God, and desire to please him, can never be +too affectionate. +Sprat. +3. Proceeding from affection; indicating love; tender; as, +the affectionate care of a parent; affectionate countenance, +message, language. +4. Strongly inclined; P with to. [Obs.] +Bacon. +Syn. P Tender; attached; loving; devoted; warm; fond; +earnest; ardent. +AfOfec6tionOa7ted, a. Disposed; inclined. [Obs.] +Affectionated to the people. +Holinshed. +AfOfec6tionOateOly, adv. With affection; lovingly; fondly; +tenderly; kindly. +AfOfec6tionOateOness, n. The quality of being affectionate; +fondness; affection. +AfOfec6tioned (?), a. 1. Disposed. [Archaic] +Be kindly affectioned one to another. +Rom. xii. 10. +2. Affected; conceited. [Obs.] +Shak. +AfOfec6tive (?), a. [Cf. F. affectif.] 1. Tending to affect; +affecting. [Obs.] +Burnet. +2. Pertaining to or exciting emotion; affectional; +emotional. +Rogers. +AfOfec6tiveOly, adv. In an affective manner; impressively; +emotionally. +AfOfec6tuOous (?; 135), a. [L. affectuous: cf. F. +affectueux. See Affect.] Full of passion or emotion; +earnest. [Obs.] P AfOfec6tuOousOly, adv. [Obs.] +Fabyan. +AfOfeer6 (?), v. t. [OF. aforer, afeurer, to tax, appraise, +assess, fr. L. ad + forum market, court of justice, in LL. +also meaning pri??.] 1. To confirm; to assure. [Obs.] =The +title is affeered.8 +Shak. +2. (Old Law) To assess or reduce, as an arbitrary penalty or +amercement, to a certain and reasonable sum. +Amercements... were affeered by the judges. +Blackstone. +AfOfeer6er (?), AfOfeer6or (?), } n. [OF. aforeur, LL. +afforator.] (Old Law) One who affeers. +Cowell. +AfOfeer6ment (?), n. [Cf. OF. aforement.] (Old Law) The act +of affeering. +Blackstone. +Af6ferOent (?), a. [L. afferens, p. pr. of afferre; ad + +ferre to bear.] (Physiol.) Bearing or conducting inwards to +a part or organ; P opposed to efferent; as, afferent +vessels; afferent nerves, which convey sensations from the +external organs to the brain. +X AfOfet7tuOo6so (?), adv. [It.] (Mus.) With feeling. +AfOfi6ance (?), n. [OE. afiaunce trust, confidence, OF. +afiance, fr. afier to trust, fr. LL. affidare to trust; ad + +fidare to trust, fr. L. fides faith. See Faith, and cf. +Affidavit, Affy, Confidence.] 1. Plighted faith; marriage +contract or promise. +2. Trust; reliance; faith; confidence. +Such feelings promptly yielded to his habitual affiance in +the divine love. +Sir J. Stephen. +Lancelot, my Lancelot, thou in whom I have +Most joy and most affiance. +Tennyson. +AfOfi6ance, v. t. [imp. ? p. p. Affianced (?); p. pr. ? vb. +n. Affiancing (?).] [Cf. OF. afiancier, fr. afiance.] 1. To +betroth; to pledge one's faith to for marriage, or solemnly +promise (one's self or another) in marriage. +To me, sad maid, he was affianced. +Spenser. +2. To assure by promise. [Obs.] +Pope. +AfOfi6anOcer (?), n. One who makes a contract of marriage +between two persons. +AfOfi6ant (?), n. [From p. pr. of OF. afier, LL. affidare. +See Affidavit.] (Law) One who makes an affidavit. [U. S.] +Burrill. +Syn. P Deponent. See Deponent. +Af7fiOda6vit (?), n. [LL. affidavit he has made oath, +perfect tense of affidare. See Affiance, Affy.] (Law) A +sworn statement in writing; a declaration in writing, signed +and made upon oath before an authorized magistrate. +Bouvier. Burrill. +5 It is always made ex parte, and without crossPexamination, +and in this differs from a deposition. It is also applied to +written statements made on affirmation. +Syn. P Deposition. See Deposition. +AfOfile6 (?), v. t. [OF. afiler, F. affiler, to sharpen; a +(L. ad) + fil thread, edge.] To polish. [Obs.] +AfOfil6iOaOble (?), a. Capable of being affiliated to or on, +or connected with in origin. +AfOfil6iOate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Affiliated (?); p. pr. +& vb. n. Affiliating (?).] [LL. adfiliare, affiliare, to +adopt as son; ad + filius son: cf. F. affilier.] 1. To +adopt; to receive into a family as a son; hence, to bring or +receive into close connection; to ally. +Is the soul affiliated to God, or is it estranged and in +rebellion? +I. Taylor. +2. To fix the paternity of; P said of an illegitimate child; +as, to affiliate the child to (or on or upon) one man rather +than another. +3. To connect in the way of descent; to trace origin to. +How do these facts tend to affiliate the faculty of hearing +upon the aboriginal vegetative processes? +H. Spencer. +4. To attach (to) or unite (with); to receive into a society +as a member, and initiate into its mysteries, plans, etc.; P +followed by to or with. +Affiliated societies, societies connected with a central +society, or with each other. +AfOfil6iOate, v. i. To connect or associate one's self; P +followed by with; as, they affiliate with no party. +AfOfil7iOa6tion (?), n. [F. affiliation, LL. affiliatio.] 1. +Adoption; association or reception as a member in or of the +same family or society. +2. (Law) The establishment or ascertaining of parentage; the +assignment of a child, as a bastard, to its father; +filiation. +3. Connection in the way of descent. +H. Spencer. +AfOfi6nal (?), a. [L. affinis.] Related by marriage; from +the same source. +AfOfine6 (?), v. t. [F. affiner to refine; ? (L. ad) + fin +fine. See Fine.] To refine. [Obs.] +Holland. +AfOfined6 (?), a. [OF. afin related, p. p., fr. LL. +affinare to join, fr. L. affinis neighboring, related to; ad ++ finis boundary, limit.] Joined in affinity or by any tie. +[Obs.] =All affined and kin.8 +Shak. +AfOfin6iOtaOtive (?), a. Of the nature of affinity. P +AfOfin6iOtaOtiveOly, adv. +AfOfin6iOtive, a. Closely connected, as by affinity. +AfOfin6iOty (?), n.; pl. Affinities (?). [OF. afinit, F. +affinit, L. affinites, fr. affinis. See Affined.] +1. Relationship by marriage (as between a husband and his +wife's blood relations, or between a wife and her husband's +blood relations); P in contradistinction to consanguinity, +or relationship by blood; P followed by with, to, or +between. +Solomon made affinity with Pharaoh. +1 Kings iii. 1. +2. Kinship generally; close agreement; relation; conformity; +resemblance; connection; as, the affinity of sounds, of +colors, or of languages. +There is a close affinity between imposture and credulity. +Sir G. C. Lewis. +2. Companionship; acquaintance. [Obs.] +About forty years past, I began a happy affinity with +William Cranmer. +Burton. +4. (Chem.) That attraction which takes place, at an +insensible distance, between the heterogeneous particles of +bodies, and unites them to form chemical compounds; chemism; +chemical or elective ~ or attraction. +5. (Nat. Hist.) A relation between species or highe? groups +dependent on resemblance in the whole plan of structure, and +indicating community of origin. +6. (Spiritualism) A superior spiritual relationship or +attraction held to exist sometimes between persons, esp. +persons of the opposite sex; also, the man or woman who +exerts such psychical or spiritual attraction. +AfOfirm6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Affirmed (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Affirming.] [OE. affermen, OF. afermer, F. affirmer, +affermir, fr. L. affirmare; ad + firmare to make firm, +firmus firm. See Firm.] 1. To make firm; to confirm, or +ratify; esp. (Law), to assert or confirm, as a judgment, +decree, or order, brought before an appelate court for +review. +2. To assert positively; to tell with confidence; to aver; +to maintain as true; P opposed to deny. +Jesus,... whom Paul affirmed to be alive. +Acts xxv. 19. +3. (Law) To declare, as a fact, solemnly, under judicial +sanction. See Affirmation, 4. +Syn. P To assert; aver; declare; asseverate; assure; +pronounce; protest; avouch; confirm; establish; ratify. P To +Affirm, Asseverate, Aver, Protest. We affirm when we declare +a thing as a fact or a proposition. We asseverate it in a +peculiarly earnest manner, or with increased positiveness as +what can not be disputed. We aver it, or formally declare it +to be true, when we have positive knowledge of it. We +protest in a more public manner and with the energy of +perfect sincerity. People asseverate in order to produce a +conviction of their veracity; they aver when they are +peculiarly desirous to be believed; they protest when they +wish to free themselves from imputations, or to produce a +conviction of their innocence. +AfOfirm6, v. i. 1. To declare or assert positively. +Not that I so affirm, though so it seem +To thee, who hast thy dwelling here on earth. +Milton. +2. (Law) To make a solemn declaration, before an authorized +magistrate or tribunal, under the penalties of perjury; to +testify by affirmation. +AfOfirm6aOble (?), a. Capable of being affirmed, asserted, +or declared; P followed by of; as, an attribute affirmable +of every just man. +AfOfirm6ance (?), n. [Cf. OF. afermance.] 1. Confirmation; +ratification; confirmation of a voidable act. +This statute... in affirmance of the common law. +Bacon. +2. A strong declaration; affirmation. +Cowper. + +<p. 29> + +AfOfirm6ant (?), n. [L. affirmans, Oantis, p. pr. See +Affirm.] 1. One who affirms or asserts. +2. (Law) One who affirms of taking an oath. +Af7firOma6tion (?), n. [L. affirmatio: cf. F. affirmation.] +1. Confirmation of anything established; ratification; as, +the affirmation of a law. +Hooker. +2. The act of affirming or asserting as true; assertion; P +opposed to negation or denial. +3. That which is asserted; an assertion; a positive +?tatement; an averment; as, an affirmation, by the vender, +of title to property sold, or of its quality. +4. (Law) A solemn declaration made under the penalties of +perjury, by persons who conscientiously decline taking an +oath, which declaration is in law equivalent to an oath. +Bouvier. +AfOfirm6aOtive (?), a. [L. affirmativus: cf. F. affirmatif.] +1. Confirmative; ratifying; as, an act affirmative of common +law. +2. That affirms; asserting that the fact is so; declaratory +of what exists; answering =yes8 to a question; P opposed to +negative; as, an affirmative answer; an affirmative vote. +3. Positive; dogmatic. [Obs.] +J. Taylor. +Lysicles was a little by the affirmative air of Crito. +Berkeley. +4. (logic) Expressing the agreement of the two terms of a +proposition. +5. (Alg.) Positive; P a term applied to quantities which are +to be added, and opposed to negative, or such as are to be +subtracted. +AfOfirm6aOtive, n. 1. That which affirms as opposed to that +which denies; an ~ proposition; that side of question which +affirms or maintains the proposition stated; P opposed to +negative; as, there were forty votes in the affirmative, and +ten in the negative. +Whether there are such beings or not, 't is sufficient for +my purpose that many have believed the affirmative. +Dryden. +2. A word or phrase expressing affirmation or assent; as, +yes, that is so, etc. +AfOfirm6aOtiveOly, adv. In an affirmative manner; on the +affirmative side of a question; in the affirmative; P +opposed to negatively. +AfOfirm6aOtoOry (?), a. Giving affirmation; assertive; +affirmative. +Massey. +AfOfirm6er (?), n. One who affirms. +AfOfix6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Affixed (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Affixing.] [LL. affixare, L. affixus, p. p. of affigere +to fasten to; ad + figere to fasten: cf. OE. affichen, F. +afficher, ultimately fr. L. affigere. See Fix.] 1. To +subjoin, annex, or add at the close or end; to append to; to +fix to any part of; as, to affix a syllable to a word; to +affix a seal to an instrument; to affix one's name to a +writing. +2. To fix or fasten in any way; to attach physically. +Should they [caterpillars] affix them to the leaves of a +plant improper for their food. +Ray. +3. To attach, unite, or connect with; as, names affixed to +ideas, or ideas affixed to things; to affix a stigma to a +person; to affix ridicule or blame to any one. +4. To fix or fasten figuratively; P with on or upon; as, +eyes affixed upon the ground. [Obs.] +Spenser. +Syn. P To attach; subjoin; connect; annex; unite. +Af6fix (?), n.; pl. Affixes (?). [L. affixus, p. p. of +affigere: cf. F. affixe.] That which is affixed; an +appendage; esp. one or more letters or syllables added at +the end of a word; a suffix; a postfix. +AfOfix6ion (?), n. [L. affixio, fr. affigere.] Affixture. +[Obs.] +T. Adams. +AfOfix6ture (?; 135), n. The act of affixing, or the state +of being affixed; attachment. +AfOfla6tion (?), n. [L. afflatus, p. p. of afflare to blow +or breathe on; ad + flare to blow.] A blowing or breathing +on; inspiration. +AfOfla6tus (?), n. [L., fr. afflare. See Afflation.] 1. A +breath or blast of wind. +2. A divine impartation of knowledge; supernatural impulse; +inspiration. +A poet writing against his genius will be like a prophet +without his afflatus. +Spence. +AfOflict6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Afflicted; p. pr. & vb. +n. Afflicting.] [L. afflictus, p. p. of affigere to cast +down, deject; ad + fligere to strike: cf. OF. aflit, +afflict, p. p. Cf. Flagellate.] 1. To strike or cast down; +to overthrow. [Obs.] =Reassembling our afflicted powers.8 +Milton. +2. To inflict some great injury or hurt upon, causing +continued pain or mental distress; to trouble grievously; to +torment. +They did set over them taskmasters to afflict them with +their burdens. +Exod. i. 11. +That which was the worst now least afflicts me. +Milton. +3. To make low or humble. [Obs.] +Spenser. +Men are apt to prefer a prosperous error before an afflicted +truth. +Jer. Taylor. +Syn. P To trouble; grieve; pain; distress; harass; torment; +wound; hurt. +AfOflict6, p. p. & a. [L. afflictus, p. p.] Afflicted. +[Obs.] +Becon. +AfOflict6edOness, n. The state of being afflicted; +affliction. [Obs.] +Bp. Hall. +AfOflict6er (?), n. One who afflicts. +AfOflict6ing, a. Grievously painful; distressing; +afflictive; as, an afflicting event. P AfOflict6ingOly, adv. +AfOflic6tion (?), n. [F. affliction, L. afflictio, fr. +affligere.] 1. The cause of continued pain of body or mind, +as sickness, losses, etc.; an instance of grievous distress; +a pain or grief. +To repay that money will be a biting affliction. +Shak. +2. The state of being afflicted; a state of pain, distress, +or grief. +Some virtues are seen only in affliction. +Addison. +Syn. P Calamity; sorrow; distress; grief; pain; adversity; +misery; wretchedness; misfortune; trouble; hardship. P +Affliction, Sorrow, Grief, Distress. Affliction and sorrow +are terms of wide and general application; grief and +distress have reference to particular cases. Affliction is +the stronger term. The suffering lies deeper in the soul, +and usually arises from some powerful cause, such as the +loss of what is most dear P friends, health, etc. We do not +speak of mere sickness or pain as =an affliction,8 though +one who suffers from either is said to be afflicted; but +deprivations of every kind, such as deafness, blindness, +loss of limbs, etc., are called afflictions, showing that +term applies particularly to prolonged sources of +suffering. Sorrow and grief are much alike in meaning, but +grief is the stronger term of the two, usually denoting +poignant mental suffering for some definite cause, as, grief +for the death of a dear friend; sorrow is more reflective, +and is tinged with regret, as, the misconduct of a child is +looked upon with sorrow. Grief is often violent and +demonstrative; sorrow deep and brooding. Distress implies +extreme suffering, either bodily or mental. In its higher +stages, it denotes pain of a restless, agitating kind, and +almost always supposes some struggle of mind or body. +Affliction is allayed, grief subsides, sorrow is soothed, +distress is mitigated. +AfOflic6tionOless (?), a. Free from affliction. +AfOflic6tive (?), a. [Cf. F. afflictif.] Giving pain; +causing continued or repeated pain or grief; distressing. +=Jove's afflictive hand.8 +Pope. +Spreads slow disease, and darts afflictive pain. +Prior. +AfOflic6tiveOly, adv. In an afflictive manner. +Af6fluOence (?), n. [F. affluence, L. affluentia, fr. +affluens, p. pr. of affluere to flow to; ad + fluere to +flow. See Flux.] 1. A flowing to or towards; a concourse; an +influx. +The affluence of young nobles from hence into Spain. +Wotton. +There is an unusual affluence of strangers this year. +Carlyle. +2. An abundant supply, as of thought, words, feelings, etc.; +profusion; also, abundance of property; wealth. +And old age of elegance, affluence, and ease. +Coldsmith. +Syn. P Abundance; riches; profusion; exuberance; plenty; +wealth; opulence. +Af6fluOenOcy (?), n. Affluence. [Obs.] +Addison. +Af6fluOent (?), a. [Cf. F. affluent, L. affluens, Oentis, p. +pr. See Affluence.] 1. Flowing to; flowing abundantly. +=Affluent blood.8 +Harvey. +2. Abundant; copious; plenteous; hence, wealthy; abounding +in goods or riches. +Language... affluent in expression. +H. Reed. +Loaded and blest with all the affluent store, +Which human vows at smoking shrines implore. +Prior. +Af6fluOent, n. A stream or river flowing into a larger river +or into a lake; a tributary stream. +Af6fluOentOly, adv. Abundantly; copiously. +AfOfluOentOness, n. Great plenty. [R.] +Af6flux7 (?), n. [L. affluxum, p. p. of affluere: cf. F. +afflux. See Affluence.] A flowing towards; that which flows +to; as, an afflux of blood to the head. +AfOflux6ion (?), n. The act of flowing towards; afflux. +Sir T. Browne. +Af6foOdill (?), n. Asphodel. [Obs.] +AfOforce6 (?), v. t. [OF. afforcier, LL. affortiare; ad + +fortiare, fr. L. fortis strong.] To re nforce; to +strengthen. +Hallam. +AfOforce6ment (?), n. [OF.] 1. A fortress; a fortification +for defense. [Obs.] +Bailey. +2. A re nforcement; a strengthening. +Hallam. +AfOfor6ciOaOment (?), n. See Afforcement. [Obs.] +AfOford6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Afforded; p. pr. & vb. n. +Affording.] [OE. aforthen, AS. gefor?ian, for?ian, to +further, accomplish, afford, fr. for? forth, forward. The +prefix geO has no well defined sense. See Forth.] 1. To give +forth; to supply, yield, or produce as the natural result, +fruit, or issue; as, grapes afford wine; olives afford oil; +the earth affords fruit; the sea affords an abundant supply +of fish. +2. To give, grant, or confer, with a remoter reference to +its being the natural result; to provide; to furnish; as, a +good life affords consolation in old age. +His tuneful Muse affords the sweetest numbers. +Addison. +The quiet lanes... afford calmer retreats. +Gilpin. +3. To offer, provide, or supply, as in selling, granting, +expending, with profit, or without loss or too great injury; +as, A affords his goods cheaper than B; a man can afford a +sum yearly in charity. +4. To incur, stand, or bear without serious detriment, as an +act which might under other circumstances be injurious; P +with an auxiliary, as can, could, might, etc.; to be able or +rich enough. +The merchant can afford to trade for smaller profits. +Hamilton. +He could afford to suffer +With those whom he saw suffer. +Wordsworth. + +AfOford6aOble (?), a. That may be afforded. +AfOford6ment (?), n. Anything given as a help; bestowal. +[Obs.] +AfOfor6est (?), v. t. [LL. afforestare; ad + forestare. See +Forest.] To convert into a forest; as, to afforest a tract +of country. +AfOfor7esOta6tion (?), n. The act of converting into forest +or woodland. +Blackstone. +AfOform6aOtive (?), n. An affix. +AfOfran6chise (?), v. t. [F. affranchir; ? (L. ad) + franc +free. See Franchise and Frank.] To make free; to +enfranchise. +Johnson. +AfOfran6chiseOment (?), n. [Cf. F. affranchissement.] The +act of making free; enfranchisement. [R.] +AfOfrap6 (?), v. t. & i. [Cf. It. affrappare, frappare, to +cut, mince, F. frapper to strike. See Frap.] To strike, or +strike down. [Obs.] +Spenser. +AfOfray6 (?), v. t. [p. p. Affrayed.] [OE. afraien, +affraien, OF. effreer, esfreer, F. effrayer, orig. to +disquiet, put out of peace, fr. L. ex + OHG. fridu peace +(akin to E. free). Cf. Afraid, Fray, Frith inclosure.] +[Archaic] 1. To startle from quiet; to alarm. +Smale foules a great heap +That had afrayed [affrayed] me out of my sleep. +Chaucer. +2. To frighten; to scare; to frighten away. +That voice doth us affray. +Shak. +AfOfray6 (?), n. [OE. afrai, affrai, OF. esfrei, F. effroi, +fr. OF. esfreer. See Affray, v. t.] 1. The act of suddenly +disturbing any one; an assault or attack. [Obs.] +2. Alarm; terror; fright. [Obs.] +Spenser. +3. A tumultuous assault or quarrel; a brawl; a fray. =In the +very midst of the affray.8 +Motley. +4. (Law) The fighting of two or more persons, in a public +place, to the terror of others. +Blackstone. +5 A fighting in private is not, in a legal sense, an affray. +Syn. P Quarrel; brawl; scuffle; encounter; fight; contest; +feud; tumult; disturbance. +AfOfray6er (?), n. One engaged in an affray. +AfOfray6ment (?), n. Affray. [Obs.] +Spenser. +AfOfreight6 (?), v. t. [Pref. adO + freight: cf. F. +affrter. See Freight.] To hire, as a ship, for the +transportation of goods or freight. +AfOfreight6er (?), n. One who hires or charters a ship to +convey goods. +AfOfreight6ment (?), n. [Cf. F. affrtement.] The act of +hiring, or the contract for the use of, a vessel, or some +part of it, to convey cargo. +AfOfret6 (?), n. [Cf. It. affrettare to hasten, fretta +haste.] A furious onset or attack. [Obs.] +Spenser. +AfOfric6tion (?), n. [L. affricare to rub on. See Friction.] +The act of rubbing against. [Obs.] +AfOfriend6ed (?), p. p. Made friends; reconciled. [Obs.] +=Deadly foes... affriended.8 +Spenser. +AfOfright6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Affrighted; p. pr. & vb. +n. Affrighting.] [Orig. p. p.; OE. afright, AS. >fyrhtan to +terrify; >O (cf. Goth. usO, Ger. erO, orig. meaning out) + +fyrhto fright. See Fright.] To impress with sudden fear; to +frighten; to alarm. +Dreams affright our souls. +Shak. +A drear and dying sound +Affrights the flamens at their service quaint. +Milton. +Syn. P To terrify; frighten; alarm; dismay; appall; scare; +startle; daunt; intimidate. +AfOfright6, p. a. Affrighted. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AfOfright6, n. 1. Sudden and great fear; terror. It +expresses a stronger impression than fear, or apprehension, +perhaps less than terror. +He looks behind him with affright, and forward with despair. +Goldsmith. +2. The act of frightening; also, a cause of terror; an +object of dread. +B. Jonson. +AfOfright6edOly, adv. With fright. +Drayton. +AfOfright6en (?), v. t. To frighten. [Archaic] =Fit tales... +to affrighten babes.8 +Southey. +AfOfright6er (?), n. One who frightens. [Archaic] +AfOfright6ful (?), a. Terrifying; frightful. P +AfOfright6fulOly, adv. [Archaic] +Bugbears or affrightful apparitions. +Cudworth. +AfOfright6ment (?), n. Affright; the state of being +frightened; sudden fear or alarm. [Archaic] +Passionate words or blows... fill the child's mind with +terror and affrightment. +Locke. +AfOfront6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Affronted; p. pr. & vb. +n. Affronting.] [OF. afronter, F. affronter, to confront, +LL. affrontare to strike against, fr. L. ad + frons +forehead, front. See Front.] 1. To front; to face in +position; to meet or encounter face to face. [Obs.] +All the seaOcoasts do affront the Levant. +Holland. +That he, as 't were by accident, may here +Affront Ophelia. +Shak. +2. To face in defiance; to confront; as, to confront; as, to +affront death; hence, to meet in hostile encounter. +[Archaic] +3. To offend by some manifestation of disrespect; to insult +to the face by demeanor or language; to treat with marked +incivility. +How can any one imagine that the fathers would have dared to +affront the wife of Aurelius? +Addison. +Syn. P TO insult; abuse; outrage; wound; illtreat; slight; +defy; offend; provoke; pique; nettle. +AfOfront6, n. [Cf. F. affront, fr. affronter.] 1. An +encounter either friendly or hostile. [Obs.] +I walked about, admired of all, and dreaded +On hostile ground, none daring my affront. +Milton. +2. Contemptuous or rude treatment which excites or justifies +resentment; marked disrespect; a purposed indignity; insult. +Offering an affront to our understanding. +Addison. +3. An offense to one's selfPrespect; shame. +Arbuthnot. +Syn. P Affront, Insult, Outrage. An affront is a designed +mark of disrespect, usually in the presence of others. An +insult is a personal attack either by words or actions, +designed to humiliate or degrade. An outrage is an act of +extreme and violent insult or abuse. An affront piques and +mortifies; an insult irritates and provokes; an outrage +wounds and injures. +Captious persons construe every innocent freedom into an +affront. When people are in a state of animosity, they seek +opportunities of offering each other insults. Intoxication +or violent passion impels men to the commission of outrages. +Crabb. +AfOfronOt6(?), a. [F. affront, p. p.] (Her.) Face to face, +or front to front; facing. +AfOfront6edOly (?), adv. Shamelessly. [Obs.] +Bacon. +AfOfronOtee6, n. One who receives an affront. +Lytton. +AfOfront6er (?), n. One who affronts, or insults to the +face. +AfOfront6ingOly, adv. In an affronting manner. +AfOfront6ive (?), a. Tending to affront or offend; +offensive; abusive. +How affrontive it is to despise mercy. +South. + +<p. 30> + + +AfOfront6iveOness (?), n. The quality that gives an affront +or offense. [R.] +Bailey. +AfOfuse6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Affused (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Affusing (?).] [L. affusus, p. p. of affundere to pour +to; ad + fundere. See Fuse.] To pour out or upon. [R.] +I first affused water upon the compressed beans. +Boyle. +AfOfu6sion (?), n. [Cf. F. affusion.] The act of pouring +upon, or sprinkling with a liquid, as water upon a child in +baptism. Specifically: (Med) The act of pouring water or +other fluid on the whole or a part of the body, as a remedy +in disease. +Dunglison. +AfOfy6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Affied (?); p. ?r. +Affying.] [OF. afier, LL. affidare. Cf. Affiance.] 1. To +confide (one's self to, or in); to trust. [Obs.] +2. To betroth or espouse; to affiance. [Obs.] +Shak. +3. To bind in faith. [Obs.] +Bp. Montagu. +AfOfy6, v. i. To trust or confide. [Obs.] +Shak. +Af6ghan (?), a. Of or pertaining to Afghanistan. +Af6ghan, n. 1. A native of Afghanistan. +2. A kind of worsted blanket or wrap. +AOfield6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + field.] 1. To, in, or on the +field. =We drove afield.8 +Milton. +How jocund did they drive their team afield! +Gray. +2. Out of the way; astray. +Why should he wander afield at the age of fiftyPfive! +Trollope. +AOfire6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + fire.] On fire. +AOflame6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + flame.] Inflames; +glowing with light or passion; ablaze. +G. Eliot. +AOflat6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + flat.] Level with the ground; +flat. [Obs.] +Bacon. +AOflaunt6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + flaunt.] In a flaunting +state or position. +Copley. +AOflick6er (?)(?), adv. & a [Pref. aO + flicker.] In a +flickering state. +AOfloat6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + float.] 1. Borne on the +water; floating; on board ship. +On such a full sea are we now afloat. +Shak. +2. Moving; passing from place to place; in general +circulation; as, a rumor is afloat. +3. Unfixed; moving without guide or control; adrift; as, our +affairs are all afloat. +AOflow6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + flow.] Flowing. +Their founts aflow with tears. +R. Browning. +AOflush6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + flush, n.] In a flushed +or blushing state. +AOflush6, adv. & a. [Pref. aO + flush, a.] On a level. +The bank is... aflush with the sea. +Swinburne. +AOflut6ter (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + flutter.] In a +flutter; agitated. +AOfoam6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + foam.] In a foaming +state; as, the sea is all afoam. +AOfoot6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + foot.] 1. On foot. +We 'll walk afoot a while. +Shak. +2. Fig.: In motion; in action; astir; in progress. +The matter being afoot. +Shak. +AOfore6 (?), adv. [OE. afore, aforn, AS. onforan or tforan; +pref. aO + fore.] 1. Before. [Obs. or Dial.] +If he have never drunk wine afore. +Shak. +2. (Naut.) In the fore part of a vessel. +AOfore6, prep. 1. Before (in all its senses). [Archaic] +2. (Naut.) Before; in front of; farther forward than; as, +afore the windlass. +w the mast, among the common sailors; P a phrase used to +distinguish the ship's crew from the officers. +AOfore6cit7ed (?), a. Named or quoted before. +AOfore6go7ing (?), a. GoFng before; foregoing. +AOfore6hand7 (?)(?) adv. Beforehand; in anticipation. +[Archaic or Dial.] +She is come aforehand to anoint my body. +Mark xiv. 8. +AOfore6hand7, a. Prepared; previously provided; P opposed to +behindhand. [Archaic or Dial.] +Aforehand in all matters of power. +Bacon. +AOfore6men7tioned (?), a. Previously mentioned; +beforePmentioned. +Addison. +AOfore6named7 (?), a. Named before. +Peacham. +AOfore6said7 (?), a. Said before, or in a preceding part; +already described or identified. +AOfore6thought7 (?), a. Premeditated; prepense; previously +in mind; designed; as, malice aforethought, which is +required to constitute murder. +Bouvier. +AOfore6thought7, n. Premeditation. +AOfore6time7 (?), adv. In time past; formerly. =He prayed... +as he did aforetime.8 +Dan. vi. 10. +X A for7tiOo6ri (?). [L.] (Logic & Math.) With stronger +reason. +AOfoul6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + foul.] In collision; +entangled. +Totten. +To run ~ of, to run against or come into collision with, +especially so as to become entangled or to cause injury. +AOfraid6 (?), p. a. [OE. afrayed, affraide, p. p. of afraien +to affray. See Affray, and cf. Afeard.] Impressed with fear +or apprehension; in fear; apprehensive. [Afraid comes after +the noun it limits.] =Back they recoiled, afraid.8 +Milton. +5 This word expresses a less degree of fear than terrified +or frightened. It is followed by of before the object of +fear, or by the infinitive, or by a dependent clause; as, to +be afraid of death. =I am afraid to die.8 =I am afraid he +will chastise me.8 =Be not afraid that I your hand should +take.8 Shak. I am afraid is sometimes used colloquially to +soften a statement; as, I am afraid I can not help you in +this matter. +Syn. P Fearful; timid; timorous; alarmed; anxious. +Af6reet (?), n. Same as Afrit. +AOfresh6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + fresh.] Anew; again; once +more; newly. +They crucify... the Son of God afresh. +Heb. vi. 6. +Af6ric (?), a. African. P n. Africa. [Poetic] +Af6riOcan (?), a. [L. Africus, Africanus, fr. Afer African.] +Of or pertaining to Africa. +w hemp, a fiber prerared from the leaves of the Sanseviera +Guineensis, a plant found in Africa and India. P w marigold, +a tropical American plant (Tagetes erecta). P w oak or w +teak, a timber furnished by Oldfieldia Africana, used in +ship building. +Af6riOcan, n. A native of Africa; also one ethnologically +belonging to an African race. +Af7riOcan6der (?), n. One born in Africa, the offspring of a +white father and a =colored8 mother. Also, and now commonly +in Southern Africa, a native born of European settlers. +Af6riOcanOism (?), n. A word, phrase, idiom, or custom +peculiar to Africa or Africans. =The knotty Africanisms... +of the fathers.8 +Milton. +Af6riOcanOize (?), v. t. To place under the domination of +Africans or negroes. [Amer.] +Bartlett. +Af6rit (?), Af6rite (?), Af6reet (?), n. [Arab. 'ifrFt.] +(Moham. Myth.) A powerful evil jinnee, demon, or monstrous +giant. +AOfront6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + front.] In front; face to +face. P prep. In front of. +Shak. +Aft (?), adv. & a. [AS. ftan behind; orig. superl. of of, +off. See After.] (Naut.) Near or towards the stern of a +vessel; astern; abaft. +Aft6er (?), a. [AS. fter after, behind; akin to Goth. +aftaro, aftra, backwards, Icel. aptr, Sw. and Dan. efter, +OHG. aftar behind, Dutch and LG. achter, Gr. ? further off. +The ending Oter is an old comparative suffix, in E. +generally Other (as in other), and after is a compar. of of, +off. ? See Of; cf. Aft.] 1. Next; later in time; subsequent; +succeeding; as, an after period of life. +Marshall. +5 In this sense the word is sometimes needlessly combined +with the following noun, by means of a hyphen, as, +afterPages, afterPact, afterPdays, afterPlife. For the most +part the words are properly kept separate when after has +this meaning. +2. Hinder; nearer the rear. (Naut.) To ward the stern of the +ship; P applied to any object in the rear part of a vessel; +as the after cabin, after hatchway. It is often combined +with its noun; as, afterPbowlines, afterPbraces, +afterPsails, afterPyards, those on the mainmasts and +mizzenmasts. +w body (Naut.), the part of a ship abaft the dead flat, or +middle part. +Aft6er, prep. 1. Behind in place; as, men in line one after +another. =Shut doors after you.8 +Shak. +2. Below in rank; next to in order. +Shak. +Codrus after Ph?bus sings the best. +Dryden. +3. Later in time; subsequent; as, after supper, after three +days. It often precedes a clause. Formerly that was +interposed between it and the clause. +After I am risen again, I will go before you into Galilee. +Matt. xxvi. 32. +4. Subsequent to and in consequence of; as, after what you +have said, I shall be careful. +5. Subsequent to and notwithstanding; as, after all our +advice, you took that course. +6. Moving toward from behind; following, in search of; in +pursuit of. +Ye shall not go after other gods. +Deut. vi. 14. +After whom is the king of Israel come out? +1 Sam. xxiv. 14. +7. Denoting the aim or object; concerning; in relation to; +as, to look after workmen; to inquire after a friend; to +thirst after righteousness. +8. In imitation of; in conformity with; after the manner of; +as, to make a thing after a model; a picture after Rubens; +the boy takes after his father. +To name or call ~, to name like and reference to. +Our eldest son was named George after his uncle. +Goldsmith. +9. According to; in accordance with; in conformity with the +nature of; as, he acted after his kind. +He shall not judge after the sight of his eyes. +Isa. xi. 3. +They that are after the flesh do mind the things of the +flesh. +Rom. viii. 5. +10. According to the direction and influence of; in +proportion to; befitting. [Archaic] +He takes greatness of kingdoms according to bulk and +currency, and not after their intrinsic value. +Bacon. +w all, when everything has been considered; upon the whole. +P w (with the same noun preceding and following), as, wave +after wave, day after day, several or many (waves, etc.) +successively. P One ~ another, successively. P To be ~, to +be pursuit of in order to reach or get; as, he is after +money. +Aft6er, adv. Subsequently in time or place; behind; +afterward; as, he follows after. +It was about the space of three hours after. +Acts. v. 7. +5 After is prefixed to many words, forming compounds, but +retaining its usual signification. The prefix may be +adverbial, prepositional, or adjectival; as in afterP +described, afterOdinner, afterPpart. The hyphen is sometimes +needlessly used to connect the adjective after with its +noun. See Note under After, a., 1. +Aft6erObirth7 (?), n. (Med.) The placenta and membranes with +which the fetus is connected, and which come away after +delivery. +Aft6erOcast7 (?), n. A throw of dice after the game in +ended; hence, anything done too late. +Gower. +Aft6erOclap7 (?), n. An unexpected subsequent event; +something disagreeable happening after an affair is supposed +to be at an end. +Spenser. +Aft6erOcrop7 (?), n. A second crop or harvest in the same +year. +Mortimer. +Aft6er damp7 (?). An irrespirable gas, remaining after an +explosion of fire damp in mines; choke damp. See Carbonic +acid. +Aft6erPdin7ner (?), n. The time just after dinner. =An +afterOdinner's sleep.8 Shak. [Obs.] P a. Following dinner; +postPprandial; as, an afterPdinner nap. +Aft6erPeat7age (?), n. Aftergrass. +Aft6erOeye7 (?), v. t. To look after. [Poetic] +Shak. +Aft6erOgame7 (?), n. A second game; hence, a subsequent +scheme or expedient. +Wotton. +w at Irish, an ancient game very nearly resembling +backgammon. +Beau. & Fl. +Aft6erPglow7 (?), n. A glow of refulgence in the western sky +after sunset. +Aft6erOgrass7 (?), n. The grass that grows after the first +crop has been mown; aftermath. +Aft6erOgrowth7 (?), n. A second growth or crop, or +(metaphorically) development. + J. S. Mill. +Aft6erOguard7 (?), n. (Naut.) The seaman or seamen stationed +on the poop or after part of the ship, to attend the +afterPsails. +Totten. +Aft6erPim7age (?), n. The impression of a vivid sensation +retained by the retina of the eye after the cause has been +removed; also extended to impressions left of tones, smells, +etc. +Aft6erOings (?), n. pl. The last milk drawn in milking; +strokings. [Obs. or Dial.] +Grose. +Aft6erOmath (?), n. [After + math. See Math.] A second +moving; the grass which grows after the first crop of hay in +the same season; rowen. +Holland. +Aft6erPmen7tioned (?), a. Mentioned afterwards; as, persons +afterPmentioned (in a writing). +Aft6erOmost (?), a. superl. [OE. eftemest, AS. ftemest,akin +to Gothic aftumist and aftuma, the last, orig. a superlative +of of, with the superlative endings Ote, Ome, Ost.] 1. +Hindmost; P opposed to foremost. +2. (Naut.) Nearest the stern; most aft. +Aft6erOnoon6 (?), n. The part of the day which follows noon, +between noon and evening. +Aft6erPnote7 (?), n. (Mus.) One of the small notes occur on +the unaccented parts of the measure, taking their time from +the preceding note. +Aft6erOpains7 (?), n. pl. (Med.) The pains which succeed +childbirth, as in expelling the afterbirth. +Aft6erOpiece7 (?), n. 1. A piece performed after a play, +usually a farce or other small entertainment. +2. (Naut.) The heel of a rudder. +Aft6erPsails7 (?), n. pl. (Naut.) The sails on the +mizzenmast, or on the stays between the mainmast and +mizzenmast. +Totten. +Aft6erOshaft7 (?), n. (Zol.) The hypoptilum. +Aft6erOtaste7 (?), n. A taste which remains in the mouth +after eating or drinking. +Aft6erOthought7 (?), n. Reflection after an act; later or +subsequent thought or expedient. +Aft6erOwards (?), Aft6erOward (?), } adv. [AS. fteweard, +a., behind. See Aft, and Oward (suffix). The final s in +afterwards is adverbial, orig. a genitive ending.] At a +later or succeeding time. +Aft6erOwise7 (?), a. Wise after the event; wise or knowing, +when it is too late. +Aft6erPwit7 (?), n. Wisdom or perception that comes after it +can be of use. =AfterPwit comes too late when the mischief +is done.8 +L'Estrange. +Aft6erPwit7ted (?), a. Characterized by afterwit; +slowPwitted. +Tyndale. +Aft6most (?), a. (Naut.) Nearest the stern. +Aft6ward (?), adv. (Naut.) Toward the stern. +X AOga6 or X AOgha6 (?), n. [Turk. adh> a great lord, chief +master.] In Turkey, a commander or chief officer. It is used +also as a title of respect. +AOgain6 (?; 277), adv. [OE. agein, agayn, AS. ongegn, +onge n, against, again; on + ge n, akin to Ger. gegewn +against, Icel. gegn. Cf. Gainsay.] 1. In return, back; as, +bring us word again. +2. Another time; once more; anew. +If a man die, shall he live again? +Job xiv. 14. +3. Once repeated; P of quantity; as, as large again, half as +much again. +4. In any other place. [Archaic] +Bacon. +5. On the other hand. =The one is mi sovereign... the other +again is my kinsman.8 +Shak. +6. Moreover; besides; further. +Again, it is of great consequence to avoid, etc. +Hersche?. +w and ~, more than once; often; repeatedly. P Now and ~, now +and then; occasionally. P To and ~, to and fro. [Obs.] +De Foe. +5 Again was formerly used in many verbal combinations, as, +againPwitness, to witness against; againPride, to ride +against; againOcome, to come against, to encounter; +againObring, to bring back, etc. +AOgain6 (?), AOgains6 (?), } prep. Against; also, towards +(in order to meet). [Obs.] +Albeit that it is again his kind. +Chaucer. +AOgain6buy7 (?), v. t. To redeem. [Obs.] +Wyclif. +AOgain6say7 (?), v. t. To gainsay. [Obs.] +Wyclif. +AOgainst6 (?; 277), prep. [OE. agens, ageynes, AS. ongegn. +The s is adverbial, orig. a genitive ending. See Again.] 1. +Abreast; opposite to; facing; towards; as, against the mouth +of a river; P in this sense often preceded by over. +Jacob saw the angels of God come against him. +Tyndale. +2. From an opposite direction so as to strike or come in +contact with; in contact with; upon; as, hail beats against +the roof. +3. In opposition to, whether the opposition is of sentiment +or of action; on the other side; counter to; in contrariety +to; hence, adverse to; as, against reason; against law; to +run a race against time. +The gate would have been shut against her. +Fielding. +An argument against the use of steam. +Tyndale. +4. By of before the time that; in preparation for; so as to +be ready for the time when. [Archaic or Dial.] +Urijah the priest made it, against King Ahaz came from +Damascus. +2 Kings xvi. 11. +w the sun, in a direction contrary to that in which the sun +appears to move. +AOgain6stand7 (?), v. t. To withstand. [Obs.] +AOgain6ward (?), adv. Back again. [Obs.] + + + <p. 31> + +X Ag7aOlac6tiOa (?), Ag6aOlax7y (?), } n. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + +?, ?, milk.] (Med.) Failure of the due secretion of milk +after childbirth. +Ag7aOlac6tous (?), a. Lacking milk to suckle with. +X A7galPa6gal (?), n. Same as AgarPagar. +Ag6alOloch (?), X AOgal6loOchum (?), } n. [Gr. ?, of Eastern +origin: cf. Skr. aguru, Heb. pl. ah>tFm.] A soft, resinous +wood (Aquilaria Agallocha) of highly aromatic smell, burnt +by the orientals as a perfume. It is called also agal?wood +and aloes wood. The name is also given to some other +species. +Ag7alOmat6oOlite (?), n. [Gr. ?, ?, image, statue + Olite: +cf. F. agalmatolithe.] (Min.) A soft, compact stone, of a +grayish, greenish, or yellowish color, carved into images by +the Chinese, and hence called figure stone, and pagodite. It +is probably a variety of pinite. +X Ag6aOma (?), n. pl. Agamas (?). [From the Caribbean name +of a species of lizard.] (Zol.) A genus of lizards, one of +the few which feed upon vegetable substances; also, one of +these lizards. +X Ag6aOmi (?), n. pl. Agamis (?). [F. agami, fr. the native +name.] (Zol.) A South American bird (Psophia crepitans), +allied to the cranes, and easily domesticated; P called also +the goldPbreasted trumpeter. Its body is about the size of +the pheasant. See Trumpeter. +AOgam6ic (?), a. [See Agamous.] (a) (Biol.) Produced without +sexual union; as, agamic or unfertilized eggs. (b) Not +having visible organs of reproduction, as flowerless plants; +agamous. +AOgam6icOalOly (?), adv. In an agamic manner. +Ag6aOmist (?), n. [See Agamous.] An unmarried person; also, +one opposed to marriage. +Foxe. +X Ag7aOmoOgen6eOsis (?), n. [Gr. ? unmarried (? priv. + ? +marriage) + ? reproduction.] (Biol.) Reproduction without +the union of parents of distinct sexes: asexual +reproduction. +Ag7aOmoOgeOnet6ic (?), n. (Biol.) Reproducing or produced +without sexual union. P Ag7aOmoOgeOnet6icOalOly (?), adv. +All known agamogenetic processes end in a complete return to +the primitive stock. +Huxley. +Ag6aOmous (?), a. [Gr. ? unmarried; ? priv. + ? marriage.] +(Biol.) Having no visible sexual organs; asexual. In Bot., +cryptogamous. +AOgan7gliOo6nic (?), a. [Pref. aO not + ganglionic.] +(Physiol.) Without ganglia. +AOgape6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + gape.] Gaping, as with +wonder, expectation, or eager attention. +Dazzles the crowd and sets them all agape. +Milton. +X Ag6aOpe (?), n.; pl. Agap (?). [Gr. ? love, pl. ?.] The +love feast of the primitive Christians, being a meal +partaken of in connection with the communion. +X A7garPa6gar (?), n. [Ceylonese local name.] A fucus or +seaweed much used in the East for soups and jellies; Ceylon +moss (Gracilaria lichenoides). +Ag6aOric (?; 277), n. [L. agaricum, Gr. ?, said to be fr. +Agara, a town in Sarmatia.] 1. (Bot.) A fungus of the genus +Agarius, of many species, of which the common mushroom is an +example. +2. An old name for several species of Polyporus, corky fungi +growing on decaying wood. +5 The =female agaric8 (Polyporus officinalic) was renowned +as a cathartic; the =male agaric8 (Polyporus igniarius) is +used for preparing touchwood, called punk of German tinder. +w mineral, a light, chalky deposit of carbonate of ?ime, +sometimes called rock milk, formed in caverns or fissures of +limestone. +AOgasp6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + gasp.] In a state of +gasping. +Coleridge. +AOgast6 or AOghast6 (?), v. t. To affright; to terrify. +[Obs.] +Chaucer. Spenser. +AOgast6 (?), p. p. & a. See Aghast. +AOgas6tric (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? stomach.] (Physiol.) +Having to stomach, or distinct digestive canal, as the +tapeworm. +AOgate6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO on + gate way.] On the way; +agoing; as, to be agate; to set the bells agate. [Obs. or +Prov. Eng.] +Cotgrave. +Ag6ate (?), n. [F. agate, It. agata, L. achates, fr. Gr. ?.] +1. (Min.) A semipellucid, uncrystallized variety of quartz, +presenting various tints in the same specimen. Its colors +are delicately arranged in stripes or bands, or blended in +clouds. +5 The fortification agate, or Scotch pebble, the moss agate, +the clouded agate, etc., are familiar varieties. +2. (Print.) A kind of type, larger than pearl and smaller +than nonpareil; in England called ruby. +5 This line is printed in the type called agate. +3. A diminutive person; so called in allusion to the small +figures cut in ~ for rings and seals. [Obs.] +Shak. +4. A tool used by goldPwire drawers, bookbinders, etc.; P so +called from the ~ fixed in it for burnishing. +Ag7aOtif6erOous (?), a. [Agate + Oferous.] Containing or +producing agates. +Craig. +Ag6aOtine (?), a. Pertaining to, or like, agate. +Ag6aOtize (?), v. t. [Usually p. p. Agatized (?).] To +convert into agate; to make resemble agate. +Dana. +Ag6aOty (?), a. Of the nature of agate, or containing agate. +AOga6ve (?), n. [L. Agave, prop. name, fr. Gr. ?, fem. of ? +illustrious, noble.] (bot.) A genus of plants (order +Amaryllidace) of which the chief species is the maguey or +century plant (A. Americana), wrongly called Aloe. It is +from ten to seventy years, according to climate, in +attaining maturity, when it produces a gigantic flower stem, +sometimes forty feet in height, and perishes. The fermented +juice is the pulque of the Mexicans; distilled, it yields +mescal. A strong thread and a tough paper are made from the +leaves, and the wood has many uses. +AOgazed6 (?), p. p. [Only in p. p.; another spelling for +aghast.] Gazing with astonishment; amazed. [Obs.] +The whole army stood agazed on him. +Shak. +Age (?), n. [OF. aage, eage, F. ge, fr. L. aetas through a +supposed LL. aetaticum. L. aetas is contracted fr. aevitas, +fr. aevum lifetime, ~; akin to E. aye ever. Cf. Each.] 1. +The whole duration of a being, whether animal, vegetable, or +other kind; lifetime. +Mine age is as nothing before thee. +Ps. xxxix. 5. +2. That part of the duration of a being or a thing which is +between its beginning and any given time; as, what is the +present age of a man, or of the earth? +3. The latter part of life; an advanced period of life; +seniority; state of being old. +Nor wrong mine age with this indignity. +Shak. +4. One of the stages of life; as, the age of infancy, of +youth, etc. +Shak. +5. Mature ~; especially, the time of life at which one +attains full personal rights and capacities; as, to come of +age; he (or she) is of age. Abbott. In the United States, +both males and females are of age when twentyone years old. +6. The time of life at which some particular power or +capacity is understood to become vested; as, the age of +consent; the age of discretion. +Abbott. +7. A particular period of time in history, as distinguished +from others; as, the golden age, the age of Pericles. =The +spirit of the age.8 +Prescott. +Truth, in some age or other, will find her witness. +Milton. +Archeological ages are designated as three: The Stone age +(the early and the later stone ~, called paleolithic and +neolithic), the Bronze age, and the Iron age. During the Age +of Stone man is supposed to have employed stone for weapons +and implements. +See Augustan, Brazen, Golden, Heroic, Middle. +8. A great period in the history of the Earth. +The geologic ages are as follows: 1. The Archan, including +the time when was no life and the time of the earliest and +simplest forms of life. 2. The age of Invertebrates, or the +Silurian, when the life on the globe consisted distinctively +of invertebrates. 3. The age of Fishes, or the Devonian, +when fishes were the dominant race. 4. The age of Coal +Plants, or Acrogens, or the Carboniferous age. 5. The +Mesozoic or Secondary age, or age of Reptiles, when reptiles +prevailed in great numbers and of vast size. 6. The Tertiary +age, or age of Mammals, when the mammalia, or quadrupeds, +abounded, and were the dominant race. 7. The Quaternary age, +or age of Man, or the modern era. +Dana. +9. A century; the period of one hundred years. +Fleury... apologizes for these five ages. +Hallam. +10. The people who live at a particular period; hence, a +generation. =Ages yet unborn.8 +Pope. +The way which the age follows. +J. H. Newman. +Lo! where the stage, the poor, degraded stage, +Holds its warped mirror to a ?aping age. +C. Sprague. +11. A long time. [Colloq.] =He made minutes an age.8 +Tennyson. +w of a tide, the time from the origin of a tide in the South +Pacific Ocean to its arrival at a given place. P Moon's ~, +the time that has elapsed since the last preceding +conjunction of the sun and moon. +5 Age is used to form the first part of many compounds; as, +agelasting, agePadorning, agePworn, agePenfeebled, agelong. +Syn. P Time; period; generation; date; era; epoch. +Age, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Aged (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Aging +(?).] To grow aged; to become old; to show marks of ~; as, +he grew fat as he aged. +They live one hundred and thirty years, and never age for +all that. +Holland. +I am aging; that is, I have a whitish, or rather a +lightPcolored, hair here and there. +Landor. +Age, v. t. To cause to grow old; to impart the +characteristics of ~ to; as, grief ages us. +A6ged (?), a. 1. Old; having lived long; having lived almost +to or beyond the usual time allotted to that species of +being; as, an aged man; an aged oak. +2. Belonging to old age. =Aged cramps.8 +Shak. +3. (?) Having a certain age; at the age of; having lived; +as, a man aged forty years. +A6gedOly, adv. In the manner of an aged person. +A6gedOness, n. The quality of being aged; oldness. +Custom without truth is but agedness of error. +Milton. +Age6less (?), a. Without old age limits of duration; as, +fountains of ageless youth. +AOgen6 (?), adv. & prep. See Again. [Obs.] +A6genOcy (?), n.; pl. Agencies (?). [LL. agentia, fr. L. +agens, agentis: cf. F. agence. See Agent.] 1. The faculty of +acting or of exerting power; the state of being in action; +action; instrumentality. +The superintendence and agency of Providence in the natural +world. +Woodward. +2. The office of an agent, or factor; the relation between a +principal and his agent; business of one intrusted with the +concerns of another. +3. The place of business of am agent. +Syn. P Action; operation; efficiency; management. +A6gend (?), n. See Agendum. [Obs.] +X AOgen6dum (?), n.; pl. Agenda (?). [L., neut. of the +gerundive of agere to act.] 1. Something to be done; in the +pl., a memorandum book. +2. A church service; a ritual or liturgy. [In this sense, +usually Agenda.] +Ag7eOnes6ic (?), a. [See Agensis.] (Physiol.) Characterized +by sterility; infecund. +X AOgen6eOsis (?), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? birth.] (Physiol.) +Any imperfect development of the body, or any anomaly of +organization. +X Ag7enOne6sis (?), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? an engendering.] +(Physiol.) Impotence; sterility. +A6gent (?), a. [L. agens, agentis, p. pr. of agere to act; +akin to Gr. ? to lead, Icel. aka to drive, Skr. aj. ?.] +Acting? P opposed to patient, or sustaining, action. +[Archaic] =The body agent.8 +Bacon. +A6gent, n. 1. One who exerts power, or has the power to act; +an actor. +Heaven made us agents, free to good or ill. +Dryden. +2. One who acts for, or in the place of, another, by +authority from him; one intrusted with the business of +another; a substitute; a deputy; a factor. +3. An active power or cause; that which has the power to +produce an effect; as, a physical, chemical, or medicinal +agent; as, heat is a powerful agent. +AOgen6tial (?), a. Of or pertaining to an agent or an +agency. +Fitzed. Hall. +A6gentOship (?), n. Agency. +Beau. & Fl. +X AOger6aOtum (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? a sort of plant; ? +priv. + ? old age.] (Bot.) A genus of plants, one species of +which (A. Mexicanum) has lavenderPblue flowers in dense +clusters. +AfOgen7erOa6tion (?), n. [L. aggenerare to beget in +addition. See Generate.] The act of producing in addition. +[Obs.] +T. Stanley. +X Ag6ger (?), n. [L., a mound, fr. aggerere to bear to a +place, heap up; ad + gerere to bear.] An earthwork; a mound; +a raised work. [Obs.] +Hearne. +Ag6gerOate (?), v. t. [L. aggeratus, p. p. of aggerare. See +Agger.] To heap up. [Obs. or R.] +Foxe. +Ag7gerOa6tion (?), n. [L. aggeratio.] A heaping up; +accumulation; as, aggerations of sand. [R.] +Ag7gerOose6 (?), a. In heaps; full of heaps. +AgOgest6 (?), v. t. [L. aggestus, p. p. of aggerere. See +Agger.] To heap up. [Obs.] +The violence of the waters aggested the earth. +Fuller. +AgOglom6erOate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Agglomerated (?); p. +pr. & vb. n. Agglomerating (?).] [L. agglomeratus, p. p. of +agglomerare; ad + glomerare to form into a ball. See +Glomerate.] To wind or collect into a ball; hence, to gather +into a mass or anything like a mass. +Where he builds the agglomerated pile. +Cowper. +AgOglom6erOate, v. i. To collect in a mass. +AgOglom6erOate (?), AgOglom6erOa7ted (?), } a. 1. Collected +into a ball, heap, or mass. +2. (Bot.) Collected into a rounded head of flowers. +AgOglom6erOate (?), n. 1. A collection or mass. +2. (Geol.) A mass of angular volcanic fragments united by +heat; P distinguished from conglomerate. +AgOglom7erOa6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. agglomration.] 1. The act +or process of collecting in a mass; a heaping together. +An excessive agglomeration of turrets. +Warton. +2. State of being collected in a mass; a mass; cluster. +AgOglom6erOaOtive (?), a. Having a tendency to gather +together, or to make collections. +Taylor is eminently discursive, accumulative, and (to use +one of his own words) agglomerative. +Coleridge. +AgOglu6tiOnant (?), a. [L. agglutinans, Oantis, p. pr. of +agglutinare.] Uniting, as glue; causing, or tending to +cause, adhesion. P n. Any viscous substance which causes +bodies or parts to adhere. +AgOglu6tiOnate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Agglutinated (?); p. +pr. & vb. n. Agglutinating.] [L. agglutinatus, p. p. of +agglutinare to glue or cement to a thing; ad + glutinare to +glue; gluten glue. See Glue.] To unite, or cause to adhere, +as with glue or other viscous substance; to unite by causing +an adhesion of substances. +AgOglu6tiOnate (?), a. 1. United with glue or as with glue; +cemented together. +2. (physiol.) Consisting of root words combined but not +materially altered as to form or meaning; as, agglutinate +forms, languages, etc. See Agglutination, 2. +AgOglu7tiOna6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. agglutination.] 1. The act +of uniting by glue or other tenacious substance; the state +of being thus united; adhesion of parts. +2. (Physiol.) Combination in which root words are united +with little or no change of form or loss of meaning. See +Agglutinative, 2. +AgOglu6tiOnaOtive (?), a. [Cf. F. agglutinatif.] 1. +Pertaining to agglutination; tending to unite, or having +power to cause adhesion; adhesive. +2. (Philol.) Formed or characterized by agglutination, as a +language or a compound. +In agglutinative languages the union of words may be +compared to mechanical compounds, in inflective languages to +chemical compounds. +R. Morris. +Cf. manPkind, heirPloom, warPlike, which are agglutinative +compounds. The Finnish, Hungarian, Turkish, the Tamul, etc., +are agglutinative languages. +R. Morris. +Agglutinative languages preserve the consciousness of their +roots. +Max Mller. +AgOgrace6 (?), v. t. [Pref. aO + grace: cf. It. aggraziare, +LL. aggratiare. See Grace.] To favor; to grace. [Obs.] =That +knight so much aggraced.8 +Spenser. + +<p. 32> + +AgOgrace6 (?), n. Grace; favor. [Obs.] +Spenser. +Ag6granOdi6zaOble (?), a. Capable of being aggrandized. +AgOgran7diOza6tion (?), n. Aggrandizement. [Obs.] +Waterhouse. +Ag6granOdize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aggrandized (?); p. +pr. & vb. n. Aggrandizing (?).] [F. agrandir; (L. ad) + +grandir to increase, L. grandire, fr. grandis great. See +Grand, and cf. Finish.] 1. To make great; to enlarge; to +increase; as, to aggrandize our conceptions, authority, +distress. +2. To make great or greater in power, rank, honor, or +wealth; P applied to persons, countries, etc. +His scheme for aggrandizing his son. +Prescott. +3. To make appear great or greater; to exalt. +Lamb. +Syn. P To augment; exalt; promote; advance. +Ag6granOdize, v. i. To increase or become great. [Obs.] +Follies, continued till old age, do aggrandize. +J. Hall. +AgOgran6dizeOment (?; 277), n. [Cf. F. agrandissement.] The +act of aggrandizing, or the state of being aggrandized or +exalted in power, rank, honor, or wealth; exaltation; +enlargement; as, the emperor seeks only the aggrandizement +of his own family. +Syn. P Augmentation; exaltation; enlargement; advancement; +promotion; preferment. +Ag6granOdi7zer (?), n. One who aggrandizes, or makes great. +AgOgrate6 (?), v. t. [It. aggratare, fr. L. ad + gratus +pleasing. See Grate, a.] To please. [Obs.] +Each one sought his lady to aggrate. +Spenser. +Ag6graOvate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aggravated (?); p. pr. +& vb. n. Aggravating.] [L. aggravatus, p. p. of aggravare. +See Aggrieve.] 1. To make heavy or heavier; to add to; to +increase. [Obs.] =To aggravate thy store.8 +Shak. +2. To make worse, or more severe; to render less tolerable +or less excusable; to make more offensive; to enhance; to +intensify. =To aggravate my woes.8 +Pope. +To aggravate the horrors of the scene. +Prescott. +The defense made by the prisioner's counsel did rather +aggravate than extenuate his crime. +Addison. +3. To give coloring to in description; to exaggerate; as, to +aggravate circumstances. +Paley. +4. To exasperate; to provoke; to irritate. [Colloq.] +If both were to aggravate her parents, as my brother and +sister do mine. +Richardson (Clarissa). +Syn. P To heighten; intensify; increase; magnify; +exaggerate; provoke; irritate; exasperate. +Ag6graOva7ting (?), a. 1. Making worse or more heinous; as, +aggravating circumstances. +2. Exasperating; provoking; irritating. [Colloq.] +A thing at once ridiculous and aggravating. +J. Ingelow. +Ag6graOva7tingOly, adv. In an aggravating manner. +Ag7graOva6tion (?), n. [LL. aggravatio: cf. F. aggravation.] +1. The act of aggravating, or making worse; P used of evils, +natural or moral; the act of increasing in severity or +heinousness; something additional to a crime or wrong and +enhancing its guilt or injurious consequences. +2. Exaggerated representation. +By a little aggravation of the features changed it into the +Saracen's head. +Addison. +3. An extrinsic circumstance or accident which increases the +guilt of a crime or the misery of a calamity. +4.Provocation; irritation. [Colloq.] +Dickens. +Ag6graOvaOtive (?), a. Tending to aggravate. P n. That which +aggravates. +Ag6greOgate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aggregated (?); p. pr. +& vb. n. Aggregating.] [L. aggregatus, p. p. of aggregare to +lead to a flock or herd; ad + gregare to collect into a +flock, grex flock, herd. See Gregarious.] 1. To bring +together; to collect into a mass or sum. =The aggregated +soil.8 +Milton. +2. To add or unite, as, a person, to an association. +It is many times hard to discern to which of the two sorts, +the good or the bad, a man ought to be aggregated. +Wollaston. +3. To amount in the ~ to; as, ten loads, aggregating five +hundred bushels. [Colloq.] +Syn. P To heap up; accumulate; pile; collect. +Ag6greOgate (?), a. [L. aggregatus, p. p.] 1. Formed by a +collection of particulars into a whole mass or sum; +collective. +The aggregate testimony of many hundreds. +Sir T. Browne. +2. (Anat.) Formed into clusters or groups of lobules; as, +aggregate glands. +3. (Bot.) Composed of several florets within a common +involucre, as in the daisy; or of several carpels formed +from one flower, as in the raspberry. +4. (Min. & Geol.) Having the several component parts +adherent to each other only to such a degree as to be +separable by mechanical means. +5. (Zol.) United into a common organized mass; P said of +certain compound animals. +Corporation ~. (Law) See under Corporation. +Ag6greOgate, n. 1. A mass, assemblage, or sum of +particulars; as, a house is an aggregate of stone, brick, +timber, etc. +5 In an aggregate the particulars are less intimately mixed +than in a compound. +2. (Physics) A mass formed by the union of homogeneous +particles; P in distinction from a compound, formed by the +union of heterogeneous particles. +In the ~, collectively; together. +Ag6greOgateOly, adv. Collectively; in mass. +Ag7greOga6tion (?), n. [Cf. LL. aggregatio, F. agrgation.] +The act of aggregating, or the state of being aggregated; +collection into a mass or sum; a collection of particulars; +an aggregate. +Each genus is made up by aggregation of species. +Carpenter. +A nation is not an idea only of local extent and individual +momentary aggregation, but... of continuity, which extends +in time as well as in numbers, and in space. +Burke. +Ag6greOgaOtive (?), a. [Cf. Fr. agrgatif.] 1. Taken +together; collective. +2. Gregarious; social. [R.] +Carlyle. +Ag6greOga7tor (?), n. One who aggregates. +AgOgrege6 (?), v. t. [OF. agreger. See Aggravate.] To make +heavy; to aggravate. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AgOgress6 (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Aggressed (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Aggressing.] [L. aggressus, p. p. of aggredi to go +to, approach; ad + gradi to step, go, gradus step: cf. OF. +aggresser. See Grade.] To commit the first act of hostility +or offense; to begin a quarrel or controversy; to make an +attack; P with on. +AgOgress6, v. t. To set upon; to attack. [R.] +AgOgress6, n. [L. aggressus.] Aggression. [Obs.] +Their military aggresses on others. +Sir M. Hale. +AgOgres6sion (?), n. [L. aggressio, fr. aggredi: cf. F. +agression.] The first attack, or act of hostility; the first +act of injury, or first act leading to a war or a +controversy; unprovoked attack; assault; as, a war of +aggression. =Aggressions of power.8 +Hallam +Syn. P Attack; offense; intrusion; provocation. +AgOgres6sive (?), a. [Cf. F. agressif.] Tending or disposed +to aggress; characterized by aggression; making assaults; +unjustly attacking; as, an aggressive policy, war, person, +nation. P AgOgres6siveOly, adv. P AgOgres6siveOness, n. +No aggressive movement was made. +Macaulay. +AgOgres6sor (?), n. {L.: cf. F. agresseur.] The person who +first attacks or makes an aggression; he who begins +hostility or a quarrel; an assailant. +The insolence of the aggressor is usually proportioned to +the tameness of the sufferer. +Ames. +AgOgriev6ance (?), n. [OF. agrevance, fr. agrever. See +Aggrieve.] Oppression; hardship; injury; grievance. +[Archaic] +AgOgrieve6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aggrieved (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Aggrieving (?).] [OE. agreven, OF. agrever; a (L. ad) ++ grever to burden, injure, L. gravare to weigh down, fr. +gravis heavy. See Grieve, and cf. Aggravate.] To give pain +or sorrow to; to afflict; hence, to oppress or injure in +one's rights; to bear heavily upon; P now commonly used in +the passive TO be aggrieved. +Aggrieved by oppression and extortion. +Macaulay. +AgOgrieve6, v. i. To grieve; to lament. [Obs.] +AgOgroup6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aggrouped (?); . pr. & +vb. n. Aggrouping.] [F. agrouper; (L. ad) + groupe group. +See Group..] To bring together in a group; to group. +Dryden. +AgOgroup6ment (?), n. Arrangement in a group or in groups; +grouping. +X Ag6gry, X Ag6gri (?), a. Applied to a kind of variegated +glass beads of ancient manufacture; as, aggry beads are +found in Ashantee and Fantee in Africa. +AOghast6 (?), v. t. See Agast, v. t. [Obs.] +AOghast6 (?), a & p. p. [OE. agast, agasted, p. p. of +agasten to terrify, fr. AS. pref. >O (cf. Goth. usO, G. erO, +orig. meaning out) + g?stan to terrify, torment: cf. Goth. +usgaisjan to terrify, primitively to fix, to root to the +spot with terror; akin to L. haerere to stick fast, cling. +See Gaze, Hesitate.] Terrified; struck with amazement; +showing signs of terror or horror. +Aghast he waked; and, starting from his bed, +Cold sweat in clammy drops his limbs o'erspread. +Dryden. +The commissioners read and stood aghast. +Macaulay. +Ag6iOble (?), a. [Cf. LL. agibilis, fr. L. agere to move, +do.] Possible to be done; practicable. [Obs.] =Fit for +agible things.8 +Sir A. Sherley. +Ag6ile (?), a. [F. agile, L. agilis, fr. agere to move. See +Agent.] Having the faculty of quick motion in the limbs; apt +or ready to move; nimble; active; as, an agile boy; an agile +tongue. +Shaking it with agile hand. +Cowper. +Syn. P Active; alert; nimble; brisk; lively; quick. +Ag6ileOly, adv. In an agile manner; nimbly. +Ag6ileOness, n. Agility; nimbleness. [R.] +AOgil6iOty (?), n. [F. agili, L. agilitas , fr. agilis.] 1. +The quality of being agile; the power of moving the limbs +quickly and easily; nimbleness; activity; quickness of +motion; as, strength and agility of body. +They... trust to the agility of their wit. +Bacon. +Wheeling with the agility of a hawk. +Sir W. Scott. +2. Activity; powerful agency. [Obs.] +The agility of the sun's fiery heat. +Holland. +Ag6iOo (?), n.; pl. Agios (?). [It. aggio exchange, +discount, premium, the same word as agio ease. See Ease.] +(Com.) The premium or percentage on a better sort of money +when it is given in exchange for an inferior sort. The +premium or discount on foreign bills of exchange is +sometimes called agio. +Ag6iOoOtage (?), n. [F. agiotage, fr. agioter to practice +stockjobbing, fr. agio.] Exchange business; also, +stockjobbing; the maneuvers of speculators to raise or lower +the price of stocks or public funds. +Vanity and agiotage are to a Parisian the oxygen and +hydrogen of life. +Landor. +AOgist6 (?), v. t. [OF. agister; (L. ad) + gister to +assign a lodging, fr. giste lodging, abode, F. g te, LL. +gistum, gista, fr. L. jacitum, p. p. of jac?re to lie: cf. +LL. agistare, adgistare. See Gist.] (Law) To take to graze +or pasture, at a certain sum; P used originally of the +feeding of cattle in the king's forests, and collecting the +money for the same. +Blackstone. +Ag7isOta6tor (?), n. [LL.] See Agister. +AOgist6er, AOgist6or } (?), n. [AngloPNorman agistour.] +(Law) (a) Formerly, an officer of the king's forest, who had +the care of cattle agisted, and collected the money for the +same; P hence called gisttaker, which in England is +corrupted into guestPtaker. (b) Now, one who agists or takes +in cattle to pasture at a certain rate; a pasturer. +Mozley & W. +AOgist6ment (?), n. [OF. agistement. See Agist.] (Law) (a) +Formerly, the taking and feeding of other men's cattle in +the king's forests. (b) The taking in by any one of other +men's cattle to graze at a certain rate. Mozley & W. (c) The +price paid for such feeding. (d) A charge or rate against +lands; as, an agistment of sea banks, i. e., charge for +banks or dikes. +Ag6iOtaOble (?), a. [L. agitabilis: cf. F. agitable.] +Capable of being agitated, or easily moved. [R.] +Ag6iOtate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Agitated (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Agitating (?).] [L. agitatus, p. p. of agitare to put +in motion, fr. agere to move: cf. F. agiter. See Act, +Agent.] 1. To move with a violent, irregular action; as, the +wind agitates the sea; to agitate water in a vessel. +=Winds... agitate the air.8 +Cowper. +2. To move or actuate. [R.] +Thomson. +3. To stir up; to disturb or excite; to perturb; as, he was +greatly agitated. +The mind of man is agitated by various passions. +Johnson. +4. To discuss with great earnestness; to debate; as, a +controversy hotly agitated. +Boyle. +5. To revolve in the mind, or view in all its aspects; to +contrive busily; to devise; to plot; as, politicians agitate +desperate designs. +Syn. P To move; shake; excite; rouse; disturb; distract; +revolve; discuss; debate; canvass. +Ag6iOta7tedOly, adv. In an agitated manner. +Ag7iOta6tion (?), n. [L. agitatio: cf. F. agitation.] 1.The +act of agitating, or the state of being agitated; the state +of being moved with violence, or with irregular action; +commotion; as, the sea after a storm is in agitation. +2. A stirring up or arousing; disturbance of tranquillity; +disturbance of mind which shows itself by physical +excitement; perturbation; as, to cause any one agitation. +3. Excitement of public feeling by discussion, appeals, +etc.; as, the antislavery agitation; labor agitation. +=Religious agitations.8 +Prescott. +4. Examination or consideration of a subject in controversy, +or of a plan proposed for adoption; earnest discussion; +debate. +A logical agitation of the matter. +L'Estrange. +The project now in agitation. +Swift. +Syn. P Emotion; commotion; excitement; trepidation; tremor; +perturbation. See Emotion. +Ag6iOtaOtive (?), a. Tending to agitate. +X A7giOta6to (?), a. [It., agitated.] (Med.) Sung or played +in a restless, hurried, and spasmodic manner. +Ag6iOta7tor (?), n. [L.] 1. One who agitates; one who stirs +up or excites others; as, political reformers and agitators. +2. (Eng. Hist.) One of a body of men appointed by the army, +in Cromwell's time, to look after their interests; P called +also adjutators. +Clarendon. +3. An implement for shaking or mixing. +AOgleam6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + gleam.] Gleaming; as, +faces agleam. +Lowell. +Ag6let (?), Aig6let (?), } n. [F. aiguillette point, tagged +point, dim. of aiguilee needle, fr. LL. acucula for acicula, +dim. of L. acus needle, pin?: cf. OF. agleter to hook on. +See Acute, and cf. Aiguillette.] 1. A tag of a lace or of +the points, braids, or cords formerly used in dress. They +were sometimes formed into small images. Hence, =aglet baby= +(Shak.), an aglet image. +2. (Haberdashery) A round white staylace. +Beck. +AOgley6 (?), adv. Aside; askew. [Scotch] +Burns. +AOglim6mer (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + glimmer.] In a +glimmering state. +Hawthorne. +AOglit6ter (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + glitter.] Clittering; +in a glitter. +AOglos6sal (?), a. [Gr. ?.] (Zol.) Without tongue; +tongueless. +AOglow6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + glow.] In a glow; +glowing; as, cheeks aglow; the landscape all aglow. +Ag7luOti6tion (?), n. [Pref. aO not + L. glutire to +swallow.] (Med.) Inability to swallow. +Ag6miOnal (?), a. [L. agminalis; agmen, agminis, a train.] +Pertaining to an army marching, or to a train. [R.] +Ag6miOnate (?), Ag6miOna7ted (?), } a. [L. agmen, agminis, a +train, crowd.] (Physiol.) Grouped together; as, the +agminated glands of Peyer in the small intestine. +Ag6nail (?), n. [AS. angngl; ange vexation, trouble + ngel +nail. Cf. Hangnail.] 1. A corn on the toe or foot. [Obs.] +2. An inflammation or sore under or around the nail; also, a +hangnail. +Ag6nate (?), a. [L. agnatus, p. p. of agnasci to be born in +addition to; ad + nasci (for gnasci) to be born. Cf. +Adnate.] 1. Related or akin by the father's side; also, +sprung from the same male ancestor. +2. Allied; akin. =Agnate words.8 +Pownall. +Assume more or less of a fictitious character, but congenial +and agnate with the former. +Landor. +Ag6nate, n. [Cf. F. agnat.] (Civil Law) A relative whose +relationship can be traced exclusively through males. +AgOnat6ic (?), a. [Cf. F. agnatique.] Pertaining to descent +by the male line of ancestors. =The agnatic succession.8 +Blackstone. +AgOna6tion (?), n. [L. agnatio: cf. F. agnation.] 1. (Civil +Law) Consanguinity by a line of males only, as distinguished +from cognation. +Bouvier. + + +<p. 33> + +2. Relationship; kinship by descent; as, an agnation between +the Latin language and the German. +AgOni6tion (?), n. [L. agnitio, fr. agnoscere. See Notion.] +Acknowledgment. [Obs.] +Grafton. +AgOnize6 (?), v. t. [Formed like recognize, fr. L. +agnoscere.] To recognize; to acknowledge. [Archaic] +I do agnize a natural and prompt alacrity. +Shak. +Ag7noiOol6Ogy (?), n. [Gr. ? ignorance + Ology.] (Metaph.) +The doctrine concerning those things of which we are +necessarily ignorant. +X AgOno6men (?), n. [L.; ad + nomen name.] 1. An additional +or fourth name given by the Romans, or account of some +remarkable exploit or event; as, Publius Caius Scipio +Africanus. +2. An additional name, or an epithet appended to a name; as, +Aristides the Just. +AgOnom6iOnate (?), v. t. To name. [Obs.] +AgOnom7iOna6tion (?), n. [L. agnominatio. See Agnomen.] 1. A +surname. [R.] +Minsheu. +2. Paronomasia; also, alliteration; annomination. +AgOnos6tic (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? knowing, ? to know.] +Professing ignorance; involving no dogmatic; pertaining to +or involving agnosticism. P AgOnos6ticOalOly (?), adv. +AgOnos6tic, n. One who professes ignorance, or denies that +we have any knowledge, save of phenomena; one who supports +agnosticism, neither affirming nor denying the existence of +a personal Deity, a future life, etc. +5 A name first suggested by Huxley in 1869. +AgOnos6tiOcism (?), n. That doctrine which, professing +ignorance, neither asserts nor denies. Specifically: +(Theol.) The doctrine that the existence of a personal +Deity, an unseen world, etc., can be neither proved nor +disproved, because of the necessary limits of the human mind +(as sometimes charged upon Hamilton and Mansel), or because +of the insufficiency of the evidence furnished by physical +and physical data, to warrant a positive conclusion (as +taught by the school of Herbert Spencer); P opposed alike +dogmatic skepticism and to dogmatic theism. +X Ag6nus (?), n.; pl. E. Agnuses (?); L. Agni (?). [L., a +lamb.] Agnus Dei. +X Ag6nus cas6tus (?). [Gr. ? a willowlike tree, used at a +religious festival; confused with ? holy, chaste.] (Bot.) A +species of Vitex (V. agnus castus); the chaste tree. +Loudon. +And wreaths of agnus castus others bore. +Dryden. +X Ag6nus De6i (?). [L., lamb of God.] (R. C. Ch.) (a) A +figure of a lamb bearing a cross or flag. (b) A cake of wax +stamped with such a figure. It is made from the remains of +the paschal candles and blessed by the Pope. (c) A triple +prayer in the sacrifice of the Mass, beginning with the +words =Agnus Dei.8 +AOgo6 (?), a. & adv. [OE. ago, agon, p. p. of agon to go +away, pass by, AS. >g>n to pass away; >O (cf. Goth. usO, +Ger. erO, orig. meaning out) + g>n to go. See Go.] Past; +gone by; since; as, ten years ago; gone long ago. +AOgog6 (?), a. & adv. [Cf. F. gogue fun, perhaps of Celtic +origin.] In eager desire; eager; astir. +All agog to dash through thick and thin. +Cowper. +AOgo6ing (?), adv. [Pref. aO + p. pr. of go.] In motion; in +the act of going; as, to set a mill agoing. +X Ag6on (?), n.; pl. Agones (?). [Gr. ?, fr. ? to lead.] +(gr. Antiq.) A contest for a prize at the public games. +AOgone6 (?), a. & adv. Ago. [Archaic & Poet.] +Three days agone I fell sick. +1 Sam. xxx. 13. +A6gone (?), n. [See Agonic.] Agonic line. +AOgon6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? without angles; ? priv. + ? an +angle.] Not forming an angle. +w line (Physics), an imaginary line on the earth's surface +passing through those places where the magnetic ?eodle +points to the true north; the line of no magnetic variation. +There is one such line in the Western hemisphere, and +another in the Eastern hemisphere. +Ag6oOnism (?), n. [Gr. ?, fr. ? to contend for a prize, fr. +?. See Agon.] Contention for a prize; a contest. [Obs. & R.] +Blount. +Ag6oOnist (?), n. [Gr. ?.] One who contends for the prize in +public games. [R.] +Ag7oOnis6tic (?), Ag7oOnis6ticOal (?), } a. [Gr. ?. See +Agonism.] Pertaining to violent contests, bodily or mental; +pertaining to athletic or polemic feats; athletic; +combative; hence, strained; unnatural. +As a scholar, he [Dr. Parr] was brilliant, but he consumed +his power in agonistic displays. +De Quincey. +Ag7oOnis6ticOalOly, adv. In an agonistic manner. +Ag7oOnis6tics (?), n. The science of athletic combats, or +contests in public games. +Ag6oOnize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Agonized (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Agonizing (?).] [F. agoniser, LL. agonizare, fr. Gr. +?. See Agony.] 1. To writhe with agony; to suffer violent +anguish. +To smart and agonize at every pore. +Pope. +2. To struggle; to wrestle; to strive desperately. +Ag6oOnize, v. t. To cause to suffer agony; to subject to +extreme pain; to torture. +He agonized his mother by his behavior. +Thackeray. +Ag6oOni7zingOly (?), adv. With extreme anguish or desperate +struggles. +Ag6oOnoOthete7 (?), n. [Gr. ?; ? + ? to set. appoint.] +[Antiq.] An officer who presided over the great public games +in Greece. +Ag7oOnoOthet6ic (?), a. [Gr. ?.] Pertaining to the office of +an agonothete. +Ag6oOny (?), n.; pl. Agonies (?). [L. agonia, Gr. ?, orig. a +contest, fr. ?: cf. F. agonie. See Agon.] 1. Violent contest +or striving. +The world is convulsed by the agonies of great nations. +Macaulay. +2. Pain so extreme as to cause writhing or contortions of +the body, similar to those made in the athletic contests in +Greece; and hence, extreme pain of mind or body; anguish; +paroxysm of grief; specifically, the sufferings of Christ in +the garden of Gethsemane. +Being in an agony he prayed more earnestly. +Luke xxii. 44. +3. Paroxysm of joy; keen emotion. +With cries and agonies of wild delight. +Pope. +4. The last struggle of life; death struggle. +Syn. P Anguish; torment; throe; distress; pangs; suffering. +P Agony, Anguish, Pang. These words agree in expressing +extreme pain of body or mind. Agony denotes acute and +permanent pain, usually of the whole system., and often +producing contortions. Anguish denotes severe pressure, and, +considered as bodily suffering, is more commonly local (as +anguish of a wound), thus differing from agony. A pang is a +paroxysm of excruciating pain. It is severe and transient. +The agonies or pangs of remorse; the anguish of a wounded +conscience. =Oh, sharp convulsive pangs of agonizing +pride !8 +Dryden. +APgood6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + good.] In earnest; heartily. +[Obs.] =I made her weep agood.8 +Shak. +X Ag6oOra (?), n. [Gr. ?.] An assembly; hence, the place of +assembly, especially the market place, in an ancient Greek +city. +X AOgou6aOra (?), n. [Native name.] (Zol.) The crabPeating +raccoon (Procyon cancrivorus), found in the tropical parts +of America. +X AOgou6ta (?), n. [Native name.] (Zol.) A small +insectivorous mammal (Solenodon paradoxus), allied to the +moles, found only in Hayti. +AOgou6ti, AOgou6ty } (?), n. [F. agouti, acouti, Sp. aguti, +fr. native name.] (Zol.) A rodent of the genus Dasyprocta, +about the size of a rabbit, peculiar to South America and +the West Indies. The most common species is the Dasyprocta +agouti. +AOgrace6 (?), n. & v. See Aggrace. [Obs.] +AOgraffe6 (?), n. [F. agrafe, formerly agraffe, OF. agrappe. +See Agrappes.] 1. A hook or clasp. +The feather of an ostrich, fastened in her turban by an +agraffe set with brilliants. +Sir W. Scott. +2. A hook, eyelet, or other device by which a piano wire is +so held as to limit the vibration. +AOgram6maOtist (?), n. [Gr. ? illiterate; ? priv. + ? +letters, fr. ? to write.] A illiterate person. [Obs.] +Bailey. +X AOgraph6iOa (?), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? to write.] The +absence or loss of the power of expressing ideas by written +signs. It is one form of aphasia. +AOgrah6ic (?), a. Characterized by agraphia. +AOgrappes6 (?), n. pl. [OF. agrappe, F. agrafe; a + grappe +(see Grape) fr. OHG. kr>pfo hook.] Hooks and eyes for armor, +etc. +Fairholt. +AOgra6riOan (?), a. [L. agrarius, fr. ager field.] 1. +Pertaining to fields, or lands, or their tenure; esp., +relating to am equal or equitable division of lands; as, the +agrarian laws of Rome, which distributed the conquered and +other public lands among citizens. +His Grace's landed possessions are irresistibly inviting to +an agrarian experiment. +Burke. +2. (Bot.) Wild; P said of plants growing in the fields. +AOgra6riOan, n. 1. One in favor of an equal division of +landed property. +2. An ~ law. [R.] +An equal agrarian is perpetual law. +Harrington. +AOgra6riOanOism (?), n. An equal or equitable division of +landed property; the principles or acts of those who favor a +redistribution of land. +AOgra6riOanOize (?), v. t. To distribute according to, or to +imbue with, the principles of agrarianism. +AOgre6, AOgree6 } (?), adv. [F. gr. See Agree.] In good +part; kindly. [Obs.] +Rom. of R. +AOgree6 (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Agreed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. +Agreeing.] [F. agrer to accept or receive kindly, fr. +gr; (L. ad) + gr good will, consent, liking, fr. L. +gratus pleasing, agreeable. See Grateful.] 1. To harmonize +in opinion, statement, or action; to be in unison or +concord; to be or become united or consistent; to concur; +as, all parties agree in the expediency of the law. +If music and sweet poetry agree. +Shak. +Their witness agreed not together. +Mark xiv. 56. +The more you agree together, the less hurt can your enemies +do you. +Sir T. Browne. +2. To yield assent; to accede; P followed by to; as, to +agree to an offer, or to opinion. +3. To make a stipulation by way of settling differences or +determining a price; to exchange promises; to come to terms +or to a common resolve; to promise. +Agree with thine adversary quickly. +Matt. v. 25. +Didst not thou agree with me for a penny ? +Matt. xx. 13. +4. To be conformable; to resemble; to coincide; to +correspond; as, the picture does not agree with the +original; the two scales agree exactly. +5. To suit or be adapted in its effects; to do well; as, the +same food does not agree with every constitution. +6. (Gram.) To correspond in gender, number, case, or person. +5 The auxiliary forms of to be are often employed with the +participle agreed. =The jury were agreed.8 Macaulay. =Can +two walk together, except they be agreed ?8 Amos iii. 3. The +principal intransitive uses were probably derived from the +transitive verb used reflexively. =I agree me well to your +desire.8 +Ld. Berners. +Syn. - To assent; concur; consent; acquiesce; accede; +engage; promise; stipulate; contract; bargain; correspond; +harmonize; fit; tally; coincide; comport. +AOgree6 (?), v. t. 1. To make harmonious; to reconcile or +make friends. [Obs.] +Spenser. +2. To admit, or come to one mind concerning; to settle; to +arrange; as, to agree the fact; to agree differences. [Obs. +or Archaic.] +AOgree7aObil6iOty (?), n. [OF. agreablete.] 1. Easiness of +disposition. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +2. The quality of being, or making one's self, agreeable; +agreeableness. +Thackeray. +AOgree6aOble (?), a. [F. agrable.] 1. Pleasing, either to +the mind or senses; pleasant; grateful; as, agreeable +manners or remarks; an agreeable person; fruit agreeable to +the taste. +A train of agreeable reveries. +Goldsmith. +2. Willing; ready to agree or consent. [Colloq.] +These Frenchmen give unto the said captain of Calais a great +sum of money, so that he will be but content and agreeable +that they may enter into the said town. +Latimer. +3. Agreeing or suitable; conformable; correspondent; +concordant; adapted; P followed by to, rarely by with. +That which is agreeable to the nature of one thing, is many +times contrary to the nature of another. +L'Estrange. +4. In pursuance, conformity, or accordance; P in this sense +used adverbially for agreeably; as, agreeable to the order +of the day, the House took up the report. +Syn. P Pleasing; pleasant; welcome; charming; acceptable; +amiable. See Pleasant. +AOgree6aObleOness, n. 1. The quality of being agreeable or +pleasing; that quality which gives satisfaction or moderate +pleasure to the mind or senses. +That author... has an agreeableness that charms us. +Pope. +2. The quality of being agreeable or suitable; suitableness +or conformity; consistency. +The agreeableness of virtuous actions to human nature. +Pearce. +3. Resemblance; concordance; harmony; P with to or between. +[Obs.] +The agreeableness between man and the other parts of the +universe. +Grew. +AOgree6aObly, adv. 1. In an agreeably manner; in a manner to +give pleasure; pleasingly. =Agreeably entertained.8 +Goldsmith. +2. In accordance; suitably; consistently; conformably; P +followed by to and rarely by with. See Agreeable, 4. +The effect of which is, that marriages grow less frequent, +agreeably to the maxim above laid down. +Paley. +3. Alike; similarly. [Obs.] +Both clad in shepherds' weeds agreeably. +Spenser. +AOgree6ingOly, adv. In an agreeing manner (to); +correspondingly; agreeably. [Obs.] +AOgree6ment (?), ?. [Cf. F. agrment.] 1. State of agreeing; +harmony of opinion, statement, action, or character; +concurrence; concord; conformity; as, a good agreement +subsists among the members of the council. +What agreement hath the temple of God with idols ? +2 Cor. vi. 16. +Expansion and duration have this further agreement. +Locke. +2. (Gram.) Concord or correspondence of one word with +another in gender, number, case, or person. +3. (Law) (a) A concurrence in an engagement that something +shall be done or omitted; an exchange of promises; mutual +understanding, arrangement, or stipulation; a contract. (b) +The language, oral or written, embodying reciprocal +promises. +Abbott. Brande & C. +Syn. - Bargain; contract; compact; stipulation. +AOgre6er (?), n. One who agrees. +AOgres6tic (?), a. [L. agrestis, fr. ager field.] Pertaining +to fields or the country, in opposition to the city; rural; +rustic; unpolished; uncouth. =Agrestic behavior.8 +Gregory. +AOgres6ticOal (?), a. Agrestic. [Obs.] +AOgric7oOla6tion (?), n. [L., agricolatio.] Agriculture. +[Obs.] +Bailey. +AOgric6oOlist (?), n. A cultivator of the soil; an +agriculturist. +Dodsley. +Ag6riOcul7tor (?), n. [L., fr. ager field + cultor +cultivator.] An agriculturist; a farmer. [R.] +Ag7riOcul6turOal (?), a. Of or pertaining to agriculture; +connected with, or engaged in, tillage; as, the agricultural +class; agricultural implements, wages, etc. P +Ag7riOcul6turOalOly, adv. +w ant (Zol.), a species of ant which gathers and stores +seeds of grasses, for food. The remarkable species (Myrmica +barbata) found in Texas clears circular areas and carefully +cultivates its favorite grain, known as ant rice. +Ag7riOcul6turOalOist, n. An agriculturist (which is the +preferred form.) +Ag6riOcul7ture (?; 135), n. [L. agricultura; ager field + +cultura cultivation: cf. F. agriculture. See Acre and +Culture.] The art or science of cultivating the ground, +including the harvesting of crops, and the rearing and +management of live stock; tillage; husbandry; farming. +Ag7riOcul6turOism (?), n. Agriculture. [R.] +Ag7riOcul6turOist, n. One engaged or skilled in agriculture; +a husbandman. +The farmer is always a practitioner, the agriculturist may +be a mere theorist. +Crabb. +AOgrief6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + grief.] In grief; amiss. +[Obs.] +Chaucer. +Ag6riOmoOny (?), n. [OE. agremoyne, OF. aigremoine, L. +agrimonia for argemonia, fr. Gr. ?.] (Bot.) (a) A genus of +plants of the Rose family. (b) The name is also given to +various other plants; as, hemp agrimony (Eupatorium +cannabinum); water agrimony (Bidens). +5 The Agrimonia eupatoria, or common ~, a perennial herb +with a spike of yellow flowers, was once esteemed as a +medical remedy, but is now seldom used. + + + <p. 34> + +AOgrin6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + grin.] In the act of +grinning. =His visage all agrin.8 +Tennyson. + +Ag7riOol6oOgist (?), n. One versed or engaged in agriology. +Ag7riOol6oOgy (?), n. [Gr. ? wild, savage + Ology.] +Description or comparative study of the customs of savage or +uncivilized tribes. +AOgrise6 (?), v. i. [AS. >grFsan to dread; >O (cf. Goth. +usO, Ger. erO, orig. meaning out) + grFsan, for gr?san (only +in comp.), akin to OHG. gr?is?n, G. grausen, to shudder. See +Grisly.] To shudder with terror; to tremble with fear. +[Obs.] +Chaucer. +AOgrise6, v. t. 1. To shudder at; to abhor; to dread; to +loathe. [Obs.] +Wyclif. +2. To terrify; to affright. [Obs.] +His manly face that did his foes agrise. +Spenser. +X A6grom (?), n. [Native name.] (Med.) A disease occurring +in Bengal and other parts of the East Indies, in which the +tongue chaps and cleaves. +Ag7roOnom6ic (?), Ag7roOnom6icOal (?), } [Cf. F. +agronomique.] Pertaining to agronomy, of the management of +farms. +Ag7roOnom6ics (?), n. The science of the distribution and +management of land. +AOgron6oOmist (?), n. One versed in agronomy; a student of +agronomy. +AOgron6oOmy (?), n. [Gr. ? rural; as a noun, an overseer of +the public lands; ? field + ? usage, ? to deal out, manage: +cf. F. agronomie.] The management of land; rural economy; +agriculture. +AOgrope6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + grope.] In the act of +groping. +Mrs. Browning. +X AOgros6tis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?.] A genus of grasses, +including species called in common language bent grass. Some +of them, as redtop (Agrostis vulgaris), are valuable pasture +grasses. +AOgros7toOgraph6ic (?), AOgros7toOgraph6icOal (?), } a. [Cf. +F. agrostographique.] Pertaining to agrostography. +Ag7rosOtog6raOphy (?), n. [Gr. ? + Ography.] A description +of the grasses. +AOgros7toOlog6ic (?), AOgros7toOlog6icOal (?), } a. +Pertaining to agrostology. +Ag7rosOtol6oOgist (?), n. One skilled in agrostology. +Ag7rosOtol6ogy (?), n. [Gr. ? + Ology.] That part of botany +which treats of the grasses. +AOground6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + ground.] On the ground; +stranded; P a nautical term applied to a ship when its +bottom lodges on the ground. +Totten. +AOgroup6ment (?), n. See Aggroupment. +Ag7rypOnot6ic (?), n. [Gr. ? sleepless; ? to chase, search +for + ? sleep: cf. F. agrypnotique.] Anything which prevents +sleep, or produces wakefulness, as strong tea or coffee. +X A7guarOdiOen6te (?), n. [Sp., contr. of agua ardiente +burning water (L. aqua water + ardens burning).] 1. A +inferior brandy of Spain and Portugal. +2. A strong alcoholic drink, especially pulque. [Mexico and +Spanish America.] +A6gue (?), n. [OE. agu, ague, OF. agu, F. aigu, sharp, OF. +fem. ague, LL. (febris) acuta, a sharp, acute fever, fr. L. +acutus sharp. See Acute.] 1. An acute fever. [Obs.] +=Brenning agues.8 +P. Plowman. +2. (Med.) An intermittent fever, attended by alternate cold +and hot fits. +3. The cold fit or rigor of the intermittent fever; as, +fever and ague. +4. A chill, or state of shaking, as with cold. +Dryden. +w cake, an enlargement of the spleen produced by ~. P w +drop, a solution of the arsenite of potassa used for ~. P w +fit, a fit of the ~. Shak. P w spell, a spell or charm +against ~. Gay. P w tree, the sassafras, P sometimes so +called from the use of its root formerly, in cases of ~. +[Obs.] +A6gue, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Agued (?).] To strike with an ~, +or with a cold fit. +Heywood. +AOguilt6 (?), v. t. To be guilty of; to offend; to sin +against; to wrong. [Obs.] +Chaucer. + +AOguise6 (?), n. Dress. [Obs.] +Dr. H. More. +AOguise6, v. t. [Pref aO + guise.] To dress; to attire; to +adorn. [Obs.] +Above all knights ye goodly seem aguised. +Spenser. +A6guOish (?), a. 1. Having the qualities of an ague; +somewhat cold or shivering; chilly; shaky. +Her aguish love now glows and burns. +Granville. +2. Productive of, or affected by, ague; as, the aguish +districts of England. +T. Arnold. +P A6guOishOly, adv. P A6guOishOness, n. +AOgush6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + gush.] In a gushing +state. +Hawthorne. +Ag6yOnous (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? woman.] (Bot.) Without +female organs; male. +Ah (?), interj. [OE. a: cf. OF. a, F. ah, L. ah, Gr. ?, Sk. +>, Icel. , OHG. >, Lith. , .] An exclamation, expressive +of surprise, pity, complaint, entreaty, contempt, +threatening, delight, triumph, etc., according to the manner +of utterance. +AOha6 (?), interj. [Ah, interj. + ha.] An exclamation +expressing, by different intonations, triumph, mixed with +derision or irony, or simple surprise. +AOha6, n. A sunk fence. See HaPha. +Mason. +AOhead6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + head.] 1. In or to the front; +in advance; onward. +The island bore but a little ahead of us. +Fielding. +2. Headlong; without restraint. [Obs.] +L'Estrange. + +To go ~. (a) To go in advance. (b) To go on onward. (c) To +push on in an enterprise. [Colloq.] P To get ~ of. (a) To +get in advance of. (b) To surpass; to get the better of. +[Colloq.] +AOheap6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + heap.] In a heap; huddled +together. +Hood. +AOheight6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + height.] Aloft; on high. +[Obs.] =Look up aheight.8 +Shak. +AOhem6 (?), interj. An exclamation to call one's attention; +hem. +AOhey6 (?), interj. Hey; ho. +AOhigh6 (?), adv. On high. [Obs.] +Shak. +AOhold6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + hold.] Near the wind; as, to +lay a ship ahold. [Obs.] +Shak. +AOhorse6back (?), adv. On horseback. +Two suspicious fellows ahorseback. +Smollet. +AOhoy6 (?), interj. [OE. a, interj. + hoy.] (Naut.) A term +used in hailing; as, =Ship ahoy.8 +X Ah6riOman (?), n. [Per.] The Evil Principle or Being of +the ancient Persians; the Prince of Darkness as opposer to +Ormuzd, the King of Light. +X A6hu (?), n. [Native name.] (Zol.) The Asiatic gazelle. +AOhull6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO = hull.] (Naut.) With the sails +furled, and the helm lashed alee; P applied to ships in a +storm. See Hull, n. +AOhun6gered (?), a. [Pref. aO + hungered.] Pinched with +hunger; very hungry. +C. Bront. +A6i (?), n.; pl. Ais (?). [Braz. a , ha , from the animal's +cry: cf. F. a .] (Zol.) The threePtoed sloth (Bradypus +tridactylus) of South America. See Sloth. +X Ai6blins, A6blins (?), adv. [See Able.] Perhaps; possibly. +[Scotch] +Burns. +Aich's met6al (?). A kind of gun metal, containing copper, +zinc, and iron, but no tin. +Aid (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aided (?); p. pr. & vb. n. +Aiding.] [F. aider, OF. aidier, fr. L. adjutare to help, +freq. of adjuvare to help; ad + juvare to help. Cf. +Adjutant.] To support, either by furnishing strength or +means in coperation to effect a purpose, or to prevent or +to remove evil; to help; to assist. +You speedy helpers... +Appear and aid me in this enterprise. +Shak. +Syn. - To help; assist; support; sustain; succor; relieve; +befriend; coperate; promote. See Help. +Aid, n. [F. aide, OF. a de, a e, fr. the verb. See Aid, v. +t.] 1. Help; succor; assistance; relief. +An unconstitutional mode of obtaining aid. +Hallam. +2. The person or thing that promotes or helps in something +done; a helper; an assistant. +It is not good that man should be alone; let us make unto +him an aid like unto himself. +Tobit viii. 6. +3. (Eng. Hist.) A subsidy granted to the king by Parliament; +also, an exchequer loan. +4. (Feudal Law) A pecuniary tribute paid by a vassal to his +lord on special occasions. +Blackstone. +5. An ~PdePcamp, so called by abbreviation; as, a general's +aid. +w prayer (Law), a proceeding by which a defendant beseeches +and claims assistance from some one who has a further or +more permanent interest in the matter in suit. P To pray in +~, to beseech and claim such assistance. +Aid6ance (?), n. [Cf. OF. aidance.] Aid. [R.] +Aidance 'gainst the enemy. +Shak. +Aid6ant (?), a. [Cf. F. aidant, p. pr. of aider to help.] +Helping; helpful; supplying aid. +Shak. +Aid6PdePcamp7 (?), n.; pl. AidsPdePcamp. (?). [F. aide de +camp (literally) camp assistant.] (Mil.) An officer selected +by a general to carry orders, also to assist or represent +him in correspondence and in directing movements. +Aid6er (?), n. One who, or that which, aids. +Aid6ful (?), a. Helpful. [Archaic.] +Bp. Hall. +Aid6less, a. Helpless; without aid. +Milton. +Aid6Pma7jor (?), n. The adjutant of a regiment. +Ai6el (?), n. See Ayle. [Obs.] +Aig6let (?), n. Same as Aglet. +Ai6gre (?), a. [F. See Eager.] Sour. [Obs.] +Shak. +X Ai6greOmore (?), n. [F. origin unknown.] Charcoal prepared +for making powder. +Ai6gret (?), AiOgrette (?), } n. [F., a sort of white heron, +with a tuft of feathers on its head; a tuft of feathers; +dim. of the same word as heron. See Heron, and cf. Egret, +Egrette.] 1. (Zol.) The small white European heron. See +Egret. +2. A plume or tuft for the head composed of feathers, or of +gems, etc. +Prescott. +3. A tuft like that of the egret. (Bot.) A feathery crown of +seed; egret; as, the aigrette or down of the dandelion or +the thistle. +X Ai7guille6 (?), n. [F., a needle. See Aglet.] 1. A +needlePshaped peak. +2. An instrument for boring holes, used in blasting. +Ai7guilOlette6 (?), n. [F. See Aglet.] 1. A point or tag at +the end of a fringe or lace; an aglet. +2. One of the ornamental tags, cords, or loops on some +military and naval uniforms. +Ai6guOlet (?), n. See Aglet. +Spenser. +Ail (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ailed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. +Ailing.] [OE. eilen, ailen, AS. eglan to trouble, pain; akin +to Goth. usPagljan to distress, agls troublesome, irksome, +aglo, aglitha, pain, and prob. to E. awe. ?.] To affect with +pain or uneasiness, either physical or mental; to trouble; +to be the matter with; P used to express some uneasiness or +affection, whose cause is unknown; as, what ails the man? I +know not what ails him. +What aileth thee, Hagar? +Gen. xxi. 17. +5 It is never used to express a specific disease. We do not +say, a fever ails him; but, something ails him. +Ail, v. i. To be affected with pain or uneasiness of any +sort; to be ill or indisposed or in trouble. +When he ails ever so little... he is so peevish. +Richardson. +Ail, n. Indisposition or morbid affection. +Pope. +AiOlan6thus (?), n. Same as Ailantus. +AiOlan6tus (?), n. [From aylanto, i. e., tree of heaven, the +name of the tree in the Moluccas.] (Bot.) A genus of +beautiful trees, natives of the East Indies. The tree +imperfectly di?cious, and the staminate or male plant is +very offensive when blossom. +AiOlette (?), n. [F. ailette, dim. of aile wing, L. ala.] A +small square shield, formerly worn on the shoulders of +knights, P being the prototype of the modern epaulet. +Fairholt. +Ail6ment (?), n. Indisposition; morbid affection of the +body; P not applied ordinarily to acute diseases. =Little +ailments.8 +Landsdowne. +X Ai7luOroid6eOa (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? cat + Ooid.] +(Zol.) A group of the Carnivora, which includes the cats, +civets, and hyenas. +Aim (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Aimed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. +Aiming.] [OE. amen, aimen, eimen, to guess at, to estimate, +to aim, OF. esmer, asmer, fr. L. aestimare to estimate; or +perh. fr. OF. aesmer; ? (L. ad) + esmer. See Estimate.] 1. +To point or direct a missile weapon, or a weapon which +propels as missile, towards an object or spot with the +intent of hitting it; as, to aim at a fox, or at a target. +2. To direct the indention or purpose; to attempt the +accomplishment of a purpose; to try to gain; to endeavor; P +followed by at, or by an infinitive; as, to aim at +distinction; to aim to do well. +Aim'st thou at princes? +Pope. +3. To guess or conjecture. [Obs.] +Shak. +Aim, v. t. To direct or point, as a weapon, at a particular +object; to direct, as a missile, an act, or a proceeding, +at, to, or against an object; as, to aim a musket or an +arrow, the fist or a blow (at something); to aim a satire or +a reflection (at some person or vice). +Aim, n. [Cf. OF. esme estimation, fr. esmer. See Aim, v. i.] +1. The pointing of a weapon, as a gun, a dart, or an arrow, +in the line of direction with the object intended to be +struck; the line of fire; the direction of anything, as a +spear, a blow, a discourse, a remark, towards a particular +point or object, with a view to strike or affect it. +Each at the head leveled his deadly aim. +Milton. + +2. The point intended to be hit, or object intended to be +attained or affected. +To be the aim of every dangerous shot. +Shak. +3. Intention; purpose; design; scheme. +How oft ambitious aims are crossed! +Pope. +4. Conjecture; guess. [Obs.] +What you would work me to, I have some aim. +Shak. +To cry ~ (Archery), to encourage. [Obs.] +Shak. +Syn. - End; object; scope; drift; design; purpose; +intention; scheme; tendency; aspiration. +Aim6er (?), n. One who aims, directs, or points. +Aim6less, a. Without aim or purpose; as, an aimless life. P +Aim6lessOly, adv. P Aim6lessOness, n. +Ai6no (?), n. [Said to be the native name for man.] One of a +peculiar race inhabiting Yesso, the Kooril Islands etc., in +the northern part of the empire of Japan, by some supposed +to have been the progenitors of the Japanese. The Ainos are +stout and short, with hairy bodies. +Ain't (?). A contraction for are not and am not; also used +for is not. [Colloq. or llliterate speech] See An't. +Air (?), n. [OE. air, eir, F. air, L. a r, fr. Gr. ?, ~, +mist, for ?, fr. root ? to blow, breathe, probably akin to +E. wind. In sense 10 the French has taking a meaning fr. It. +aria atmosphere, ~, fr. the same Latin word; and in senses +11, 12, 13 the French meaning is either fr. L. aria, or due +to confusion with F. aire, in an older sense of origin, +descent. Cf. A?ry, Debonair, Malaria, Wind.] 1. The fluid +which we breathe, and which surrounds the earth; the +atmosphere. It is invisible, inodorous, insipid, +transparent, compressible, elastic, and ponderable. +5 By the ancient philosophers, air was regarded as an +element; but modern science has shown that it is essentially +a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen, with a small amount of +carbon dioxide, the average proportions being, by volume: +oxygen, 20.96 per cent.; nitrogen, 79.00 per cent.; carbon +dioxide, 0.04 per cent. These proportions are subject to a +very slight variability. w also always contains some vapor +of water. +2. Symbolically: Something unsubstantial, light, or +volatile. =Charm ache with air.8 +Shak. +He was still all air and fire. Macaulay. [Air and fire being +the finer and quicker elements as opposed to earth and +water.] +3. A particular state of the atmosphere, as respects heat, +cold, moisture, etc., or as affecting the sensations; as, a +smoky air, a damp air, the morning air, etc. +4. Any a riform body; a gas; as, oxygen was formerly called +vital air. [Obs.] +5. Air in motion; a light breeze; a gentle wind. +Let vernal airs through trembling osiers play. +Pope. +6. Odoriferous or contaminated ~. +7. That which surrounds and influences. +The keen, the wholesome air of poverty. +Wordsworth. +8. Utterance abroad; publicity; vent. +You gave it air before me. +Dryden. +9. Intelligence; information. [Obs.] +Bacon. +10. (Mus.) (a) A musical idea, or motive, rhythmically +developed in consecutive single tones, so as to form a +symmetrical and balanced whole, which may be sung by a +single voice to the stanzas of a hymn or song, or even to +plain prose, or played upon an instrument; a melody; a tune; +an aria. (b) In harmonized chorals, psalmody, part songs, +etc., the part which bears the tune or melody P in modern +harmony usually the upper part P is sometimes called the +air. +11. The peculiar look, appearance, and bearing of a person; +mien; demeanor; as, the air of a youth; a heavy air; a lofty +air. =His very air.8 +Shak. +12. Peculiar appearance; apparent character; semblance; +manner; style. +It was communicated with the air of a secret. +Pope. +12. pl. An artificial or affected manner; show of + + + <p. 35> + +pride or vanity; haughtiness; as, it is said of a person, he +puts on airs. +Thackeray. +14. (Paint.) (a) The representation or reproduction of the +effect of the atmospheric medium through which every object +in nature is viewed. New Am. Cyc. (b) Carriage; attitude; +action; movement; as, the head of that portrait has a good +air. +Fairholt. +15. (Man.) The artificial motion or carriage of a horse. +5 Air is much used adjectively or as the first part of a +compound term. In most cases it might be written +indifferently, as a separate limiting word, or as the first +element of the compound term, with or without the hyphen; +as, air bladder, airPbladder, or airbladder; air cell, +airPcell, or aircell; airPpump, or airpump. +w balloon. See Balloon. P w bath. (a) An apparatus for the +application of ~ to the body. (b) An arrangement for drying +substances in ~ of any desired temperature. P w castle. See +Castle in the air, under Castle. P w compressor, a machine +for compressing ~ to be used as a motive power. P w +crossing, a passage for ~ in a mine. P w cushion, an ~Ptight +cushion which can be inflated; also, a device for arresting +motion without shock by confined ~. P w fountain, a +contrivance for producing a jet of water by the force of +compressed ~. P w furnace, a furnace which depends on a +natural draft and not on blast. P w line, a straight line; a +bee line. Hence wPline, adj.; airPline road. P w lock (Hydr. +Engin.), an intermediate chamber between the outer ~ and the +compressedP~ chamber of a pneumatic caisson. Knight. P w +port (Nav.), a scuttle or porthole in a ship to admit ~. P w +spring, a spring in which the elasticity of ~ is utilized. P +w thermometer, a form of thermometer in which the +contraction and expansion of ~ is made to measure changes of +temperature. P w threads, gossamer. P ~ trap, a contrivance +for shutting off foul ~ or gas from drains, sewers, etc.; a +stench trap. P w trunk, a pipe or shaft for conducting foul +or heated ~ from a room. P w valve, a valve to regulate the +admission or egress of ~; esp. a valve which opens inwardly +in a steam boiler and allows ~ to enter. P w way, a passage +for a current of ~; as the air way of an ~ pump; an air way +in a mine. P In the ~. (a) Prevalent without traceable +origin or authority, as rumors. (b) Not in a fixed or stable +position; unsettled. (c) (Mil.) Unsupported and liable to be +turned or taken in flank; as, the army had its wing in the +air. P To take ~, to be divulged; to be made public. P To +take the ~, to go abroad; to walk or ride out. +Air (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aired (?); p. pr. & vb. n. +Airing.] [See Air, n., and cf. A?rate.] 1. To expose to the +~ for the purpose of cooling, refreshing, or purifying; to +ventilate; as, to air a room. +It were good wisdom... that the jail were aired. +Bacon. +Were you but riding forth to air yourself. +Shak. +2. To expose for the sake of public notice; to display +ostentatiously; as, to air one's opinion. +Airing a snowy hand and signet gem. +Tennyson. +3. To expose to heat, for the purpose of expelling dampness, +or of warming; as, to air linen; to air liquors. +Air6 bed7 (?). A sack or matters inflated with air, and used +as a bed. +Air6 blad7der (?). 1. (Anat.) An air sac, sometimes double +or variously lobed, in the visceral cavity of many fishes. +It originates in the same way as the lungs of airPbreathing +vertebrates, and in the adult may retain a tubular +connection with the pharynx or esophagus. +2. A sac or bladder full of air in an animal or plant; also +an air hole in a casting. +Air6 brake7 (?). (Mach.) A railway brake operated by +condensed air. +Knight. +Air6Pbuilt7 (?), a. Erected in the air; having no solid +foundation; chimerical; as, an airPbuilt castle. +Air6 cell7 (?). 1. (Bot.) A cavity in the cellular tissue of +plants, containing air only. +2. (Anat.) A receptacle of air in various parts of the +system; as, a cell or minute cavity in the walls of the air +tubes of the lungs; the air sac of birds; a dilatation of +the air vessels in insects. +Air6 cham7ber (?). 1. A chamber or cavity filled with air, +in an animal or plant. +2. A cavity containing air to act as a spring for equalizing +the flow of a liquid in a pump or other hydraulic machine. +Air6 cock7 (?). A faucet to allow escape of air. +Air6Pdrawn6 (?), a. Drawn in air; imaginary. +This is the airPdrawn dagger. +Shak. +Air6 drill7 (?). A drill driven by the elastic pressure of +condensed air; a pneumatic drill. +Knight. +Air6 engine7 (?). An engine driven by heated or by +compressed air. +Knight. +Air6er (?), n. 1. One who exposes to the air. +2. A frame on which clothes are aired or dried. +Air6 gas7 (?). See under Gas. +Air6 gun7 (?). A kind of gun in which the elastic force of +condensed air is used to discharge the ball. The air is +powerfully compressed into a reservoir attached to the gun, +by a condensing pump, and is controlled by a valve actuated +by the trigger. +Air6 hole7 (?). 1. A hole to admit or discharge air; +specifically, a spot in the ice not frozen over. +2. (Founding) A fault in a casting, produced by a bubble of +air; a blowhole. +Air6iOly (?), adv. In an airy manner; lightly; gaily; +jauntily; fippantly. +Air6iOness, n. 1. The state or quality of being airy; +openness or exposure to the air; as, the airiness of a +country seat. +2. Lightness of spirits; gayety; levity; as, the airiness of +young persons. +Air6ing (?), n. 1. A walk or a ride in the open air; a short +excursion for health's sake. +2. An exposure to air, or to a fire, for warming, drying, +etc.; as, the airing of linen, or of a room. +Air6 jack7et (?). A jacket having airPtight cells, or +cavities which can be filled with air, to render persons +buoyant in swimming. +Air6less (?), a. Not open to a free current of air; wanting +fresh air, or communication with the open air. +Air6 lev7el (?). Spirit level. See Level. +Air6like7 (?), a. Resembling air. +Air6ling (?), n. A thoughtless, gay person. [Obs.] =Slight +airlings.8 +B. Jonson. +AirOom6eOter (?), n. [Air + Ometer.] A hollow cylinder to +contain air. It is closed above and open below, and has its +open end plunged into water. +Air6 pipe7 (?). A pipe for the passage of air; esp. a +ventilating pipe. +Air6 plant7 (?). (Bot.) A plant deriving its sustenance from +the air alone; an a rophyte. +5 The =Florida moss8 (Tillandsia), many tropical orchids, +and most mosses and lichens are air plants. Those which are +lodged upon trees, but not parasitic on them, are epiphytes. +Air6 poise7 (?). [See Poise.] A? ? measure the weight of +air. +Air6 pump7 (?). 1. (Physics) A kind of pump for exhausting +air from a vessel or closed space; also, a pump to condense +air of force in into a closed space. +2. (Steam Engines) A pump used to exhaust from a condenser +the condensed steam, the water used for condensing, and any +commingled air. +Air6 sac7 (?). (Anat.) One of the spaces in different parts. +of the bodies of birds, which are filled with air and +connected with the air passages of the lungs; an air cell. +Air6 shaft7 (?). A passage, usually vertical, for admitting +fresh air into a mine or a tunnel. +Air6Pslacked7 (?), a. Slacked, or pulverized, by exposure to +the air; as, airPslacked lime. +Air6 stove7 (?). A stove for heating a current of air which +is directed against its surface by means of pipes, and then +distributed through a building. +Air6Ptight7 (?), a. So tight as to be impermeable to air; +as, an airPtight cylinder. +Air6Ptight7, n. A stove the draft of which can be almost +entirely shut off. [Colloq. U. S.] +Air6 ves7sel (?). A vessel, cell, duct, or tube containing +or conducting air; as the air vessels of insects, birds, +plants, etc.; the air vessel of a pump, engine, etc. For the +latter, see Air chamber. The air vessels of insects are +called trache, of plants spiral vessels. +Air6ward (?), Air6wards (?), } adv. Toward the air; upward. +[R.] +Keats. +Air6y (?), a. 1. Consisting of air; as, an airy substance; +the airy parts of bodies. +2. Relating or belonging to air; high in air; a rial; as, an +airy flight. =The airy region.8 +Milton. + +3. Open to a free current of air; exposed to the air; +breezy; as, an airy situation. +4. Resembling air; thin; unsubstantial; not material; +airlike. =An airy spirit.8 +Shak. +5. Relating to the spirit or soul; delicate; graceful; as, +airy music. +6. Without reality; having no solid foundation; empty; +trifling; visionary. =Airy fame.8 +Shak. +Empty sound, and airy notions. +Roscommon. +7. Light of heart; vivacious; sprightly; flippant; +superficial. =Merry and airy.8 +Jer. Taylor. +8. Having an affected manner; being in the habit of putting +on airs; affectedly grand. [Colloq.] +9. (Paint.) Having the light and a rial tints true to +nature. +Elmes. +Aisle (?), n. [OF. ele, F. aile, wing, wing of a building, +L. ala, contr. fr. axilla.] (Arch.) (a) A lateral division +of a building, separated from the middle part, called the +nave, by a row of columns or piers, which support the roof +or an upper wall containing windows, called the clearstory +wall. (b) Improperly used also for the have; P as in the +phrases, a church with three aisles, the middle aisle. (c) +Also (perhaps from confusion with alley), a passage into +which the pews of a church open. +Aisled (?), a. Furnished with an aisle or aisles. +Ais6less (?), a. Without an aisle. +Ait (?), n. [AS. ?, ?, perh. dim. of Feg, Fg, island. See +Eyot.] An islet, or little isle, in a river or lake; an +eyot. +The ait where the osiers grew. +R. Hodges (1649). +Among green aits and meadows. +Dickens. +Ait (?), n. Oat. [Scot.] +Burns. +Aitch (?), n. The letter h or H. +Aitch6bone7 (?), n. [For nachebone. For loss of n, cf. +Adder. See Natch.] The bone of the rump; also, the cut of +beef surrounding this bone. [Spelt also edgebone.] +Ai7tiOol6oOgy (?), n. See tiology. +AOjar6 (?), adv. [OE. on char ~, on the turn; AS. cerr, +cyrr, turn, akin to G. kehren to turn, and to D. akerre. See +Char.] Slightly turned or opened; as, the door was standing +ajar. +AOjar6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + jar.] In a state of discord; +out of harmony; as, he is ajar with the world. +AOjog6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + jog.] On the jog. +Aj6uOtage (?), n. [F. ajutage, for ajoutage, fr. ajouter to +add, LL. adjuxtare, fr. L. ad + juxta near to, nigh. Cf. +Adjutage, Adjustage, Adjust.] A tube through which is water +is discharged; an efflux tube; as, the ajutage of a +fountain. +Ake (?), n. & v. See Ache. +AOkene6 (?), n. (Bot.) Same as Achene. +Ak6eOton (?), n. [Obs.] See Acton. +AOkim6bo (?), a. [Etymology unknown. Cf. Kimbo.] With a +crook or bend; with the hand on the hip and elbow turned +outward. =With one arm akimbo.8 +Irving. +AOkin6 (?), a. [Pref. aO (for of) + kin.] 1. Of the same +kin; related by blood; P used of persons; as, the two +families are near akin. +2. Allied by nature; partaking of the same properties; of +the same kind. =A joy akin to rapture.8 +Cowper. +The literary character of the work is akin to its moral +character. +Jeffrey. +5 This adjective is used only after the noun. +X Ak7iOne6siOa (?), n. [Gr. ? quiescence; ? priv. + ? +motion.] (Med.) Paralysis of the motor nerves; loss of +movement. +Foster. +Ak7iOne6sic (?), a. (med.) Pertaining to akinesia. +AOknee6 (?), adv. On the knee. [R.] +Southey. +AkOnow6 (?). Earlier form of Acknow. [Obs.] +To be ~, to acknowledge; to confess. [Obs.] +Al (?), a. All. [Obs.] +Chaucer. + +AlO. A prefix. (a) [AS. eal.] All; wholly; completely; as, +almighty,almost. (b) [L. ad.] To; at; on; P in OF. shortened +to aO. See AdO. (c) The Arabic definite article answering to +the English the; as, Alkoran, the Koran or the Book; +alchemy, the chemistry. +Al. conj. Although; if. [Obs.] See All, conj. +X A6la (?), n.; pl. Al (?). [L., a wing.] (Biol.) A +winglike organ, or part. +Al7aOba6ma pe6riOod (?). (Geol.) A period in the American +eocene, the lowest in the tertiary age except the lignitic. +Al6aObas6ter (?), n. [L. alabaster, Gr. ?, said to be +derived fr. Alabastron, the name of a town in Egypt, near +which it was common: cf. OF. alabastre, F. albtre.] 1. +(Min.) (a) A compact variety or sulphate of lime, or gypsum, +of ??ne texture, and usually white and translucent, but +sometimes yellow, red, or gray. It is carved into vases, +mantel ornaments, etc. (b) A hard, compact variety of +carbonate of lime, somewhat translucent, or of banded shades +of color; stalagmite. The name is used in this sense by +Pliny. It is sometimes distinguished as oriental alabaster. +2. A box or vessel for holding odoriferous ointments, etc.; +P so called from the stone of which it was originally made. +Fosbroke. +Al7aObas6triOan (?), a. Alabastrine. +Al7aObas6trine (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or like, +alabaster; as alabastrine limbs. +X Al7aObas6trum (?), n.; pl. Alabastra (?). [NL.] (Bot.) A +flower bud. +Gray. +AOlack6 (?), interj. [Prob. from ah! lack! OE. lak loss, +failure, misfortune. See Lack.] An exclamation expressive of +sorrow. [Archaic. or Poet.] +Shak. +AOlack6aOday7 (?), interj. [For alack the day. Cf. +Lackaday.] An exclamation expressing sorrow. +5 Shakespeare has =alack the day8 and =alack the heavy day.8 +Compare =woe worth the day.8 +AOlac6riOfy (?), v. t. [L. alacer, alacris, lively + Ofly.] +To rouse to action; to inspirit. +AOlac6riOous (?), a. [L. alacer, alacris.] Brisk; joyously +active; lively. +'T were well if we were a little more alacrious. +Hammond. +AOlac6riOousOly, adv. With alacrity; briskly. +AOlac6riOousOness, n. Alacrity. [Obs.] +Hammond. +AOlac6riOty (?), n. [L. alacritas, fr. alacer lively, eager, +prob. akin to Gr. ? to drive, Goth. aljan zeal.] A cheerful +readiness, willingness, or promptitude; joyous activity; +briskness; sprightliness; as, the soldiers advanced with +alacrity to meet the enemy. +I have not that alacrity of spirit, +Nor cheer of mind that I was wont to have. +Shak. +AOlad6inOist (?), n. [From Aladin, for Ala Eddin, i. e., +height of religion, a learned divine under Mohammed II. and +Bajazet II.] One of a sect of freethinkers among the +Mohammedans. +Al7aOlon6ga (?), or Al7iOlon6ghi (?), n. (Zol.) The tunny. +See Albicore. +X A7laOmi6re (?), n. [Compounded of a la mi re, names of +notes in the musical scale.] The lowest note but one in +Guido Aretino's scale of music. +Al7aOmoOdal6iOty (?), n. The quality of being la mode; +conformity to the mode or fashion; fashionableness. [R.] +Southey. +Al6aOmode7 (?), adv. & a. [F. la mode after the fashion.] +According to the fashion or prevailing mode. =Alamode beef +shops.8 +Macaulay. +Al6aOmode7, n. A thin, black silk for hoods, scarfs, etc.; P +often called simply mode. +Buchanan. +Al7aOmort6 (?), a. [F. la mort to the death. Cf. Amort.] +To the death; mortally. +AOlan6 (?), n. [OF. alan, alant; cf. Sp. alano.] A +wolfhound. [Obs.] +Chaucer. + +AOland6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + land.] On land; to the land; +ashore. =Cast aland.8 +Sir P. Sidney. +Al6aOnine (?), n. [Aldehyde + the ending Oine. The OanO is a +euphonic insertion.] (Chem.) A white crystalline base, +C3H7NO2, derived from aldehyde ammonia. +AOlan6tin (?), n. [G. alant elecampane, the Inula helenium +of Linnus.] (Chem.) See Inulin. +A6lar (?), a. [L. alarius, fr. ala wing: cf. F. alaire.] 1. +Pertaining to, or having, wings. +2. (Bot.) Axillary; in the fork or axil. +Gray. + + +<p. 36> + +AOlarm6 (?), n. [F. alarme, It. all' arme to arms ! fr. L. +arma, pl., arms. See Arms, and cf. Alarum.] 1. A summons to +arms, as on the approach of an enemy. +Arming to answer in a night alarm. +Shak. +2. Any sound or information intended to give notice of +approaching danger; a warming sound to arouse attention; a +warning of danger. +Sound an alarm in my holy mountain. +Joel ii. 1. +3. A sudden attack; disturbance; broil. [R.] =These home +alarms.8 +Shak. +Thy palace fill with insults and alarms. +Pope. +4. Sudden surprise with fear or terror excited by +apprehension of danger; in the military use, commonly, +sudden apprehension of being attacked by surprise. +Alarm and resentment spread throughout the camp. +Macaulay. +5. A mechanical contrivance for awaking persons from sleep, +or rousing their attention; an alarum. +~ bell, a bell that gives notice on danger. P w clock or +watch, a clock or watch which can be so set as to ring or +strike loudly at a prearranged hour, to wake from sleep, or +excite attention. P w gauge, a contrivance attached to a +steam boiler for showing when the pressure of steam is too +high, or the water in the boiler too low. P w post, a place +to which troops are to repair in case of an ~. +Syn. - Fright; affright; terror; trepidation; apprehension; +consternation; dismay; agitation; disquiet; disquietude. P +Alarm, Fright, Terror, Consternation. These words express +different degrees of fear at the approach of danger. Fright +is fear suddenly excited, producing confusion of the senses, +and hence it is unreflecting. Alarm is the hurried agitation +of feeling which springs from a sense of immediate and +extreme exposure. Terror is agitating and excessive fear, +which usually benumbs the faculties. Consternation is +overwhelming fear, and carries a notion of powerlessness and +amazement. Alarm agitates the feelings; terror disorders the +understanding and affects the will; fright seizes on and +confuses the sense; consternation takes possession of the +soul, and subdues its faculties. See Apprehension. +AOlarm6, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Alarmed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. +Alarming.] [Alarm, n. Cf. F. alarmer.] 1. To call to arms +for defense; to give notice to (any one) of approaching +danger; to rouse to vigilance and action; to put on the +alert. +2. To keep in excitement; to disturb. +3. To surprise with apprehension of danger; to fill with +anxiety in regard to threatening evil; to excite with sudden +fear. +Alarmed by rumors of military preparation. +Macaulay. +AOlarm6aOble (?), a. Easily alarmed or disturbed. +AOlarmed6 (?), a. Aroused to vigilance; excited by fear of +approaching danger; agitated; disturbed; as, an alarmed +neighborhood; an alarmed modesty. +The white pavilions rose and fell +On the alarmed air. +Longfellow. +AOlarm6edOly (?), adv. In an alarmed manner. +AOlarm6ing, a. Exciting, or calculated to excite, alarm; +causing apprehension of danger; as, an alarming crisis or +report. P AOlarm6ingOly, adv. +AOlarm6ist, n. [Cf. F. alarmiste.] One prone to sound or +excite alarms, especially, needless alarms. +Macaulay. +AOlar6um (?; 277), n. [OE. alarom, the same word as alarm, +n.] See Alarm. [Now Poetic] +5 The variant form alarum is now commonly restricted to an +alarm signal or the mechanism to sound an alarm (as in an +alarm clock.) +Al6aOry (?), a. [L. alarius, fr. ala wing.] Of or pertaining +to wings; also, wingPshaped. +The alary system of insects. +Wollaston. +AOlas6 (?), interj. [OE. alas, allas, OF. alas, F. hlas; a +interj. (L. ah.) + las wretched (that I am), L. lassus +weary, akin to E. late. See Late.] An exclamation expressive +of sorrow, pity, or apprehension of evil; P in old writers, +sometimes followed by day or white; alas the day, like alack +a day, or alas the white. +AOlate6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + late.] Lately; of late. +[Archaic] +There hath been alate such tales spread abroad. +Latimer. +A6late (?), A6laOted (?), } a. [L. alatus, from ala wing.] +Winged; having wings, or side appendages like wings. +Al6aOtern (?), X Al7aOter6nus (?), } n. [L. ala wing + terni +three each.] (Bot.) An ornamental evergreen shrub (Rhamnus +alaternus) belonging to the buckthorns. +AOla6tion (?), n. [F., fr. L. alatus winged.] The state of +being winged. +AOlaunt6 (?), n. See Alan. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +Alb (?), n. [OE. albe, LL. alba, fr. L. albus white. Cf. +Album and Aube.] A vestment of white linen, reaching to the +feet, an enveloping the person; P in the Roman Catholic +church, worn by those in holy orders when officiating at +mass. It was formerly worn, at least by clerics, in daily +life. +Al6baOcore (?), n. (Zol.) See Albicore. +Al6ban (?), n. [L. albus white.] (Chem.) A white crystalline +resinous substance extracted from guttaPpercha by the action +of alcohol or ether. +AlOba6niOan (?), a. Of or pertaining to Albania, a province +of Turkey. P n. A native of Albania. +X AlOba6ta (?), n. [L. albatus, p. p. of albare to make +white, fr. albus white.] A white metallic alloy; which is +made into spoons, forks, teapots, etc. British plate or +German silver. See German silver, under German. +Al6baOtross (?), n. [Corrupt. fr. Pg. alcatraz cormorant, ~, +or Sp. alcatraz a pelican: cf. Pg. alcatruz, Sp. arcaduz, a +bucket, fr. Ar. alPq>dus the bucket, fr. Gr. ?, a water +vessel. So an Arabic term form pelican is waterPcarrier, as +a bird carrying water in its pouch.] (Zol.) A web-footed +bird, of the genus Diomedea, of which there are several +species. They are the largest of sea birds, capable of +longPcontinued flight, and are often seen at great distances +from the land. They are found chiefly in the southern +hemisphere. +Al7be6, Al7bee6 } (?), conj. [See Albeit.] Although; albeit. +[Obs.] +Albe Clarissa were their chiefest founderess. +Spenser. +X AlObe6do (?), n. [L., fr. albus white.] Whiteness. +Specifically: (Astron.) The ratio which the light reflected +from an unpolished surface bears to the total light falling +upon that surface. +Al7be6it (?), conj. [OE. al be although it be, where al is +our all. Cf. Although.] Even though; although; +notwithstanding. +Chaucer. + +Albeit so masked, Madam, I love the truth. +Tennyson. +Al6bertOite (?), n. (Min.) A bituminous mineral resembling +asphaltum, found in the county of A. ?bert, New Brunswick. +Al6berOtype (?), n. [From the name of the inventor, Albert, +of Munich.] A picture printed from a kind of gelatine plate +produced by means of a photographic negative. +AlObes6cence (?), n. The act of becoming white; whitishness. +AlObes6cent (?), a. [L. albescens, p. pr. of albescere to +grow white, fr. albus white.] Becoming white or whitish; +moderately white. +Al6biOcant (?), a. [L. albicans, p. pr. of albicare, +albicatum, to be white, fr. albus white.] Growing or +becoming white. +Al7biOca6tion (?), n. The process of becoming white, or +developing white patches, or streaks. +Al6biOcore (?), n. [F. albicore (cf. Sp. albacora, Pg. +albacor, albacora, albecora), fr. Ar. bakr, bekr, a young +camel, young cow, heifer, and the article al: cf. Pg. bacoro +a little pig.] (Zol.) A name applied to several large +fishes of the Mackerel family, esp. Orcynus alalonga. One +species (Orcynus thynnus), common in the Mediterranean and +Atlantic, is called in New England the horse mackerel; the +tunny. [Written also albacore.] +Al7biOfiOca6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. albification: L. albus +white + ficare (only in comp.), facere, to make.] The act or +process of making white. [Obs.] +Al7biOgen6ses (?), X Al7bi7geois6 (?), } n. pl. [From Albi +and Albigeois, a town and its district in the south of +France, in which the sect abounded.] (Eccl. Hist.) A sect of +reformers opposed to the church of Rome in the 12th +centuries. +The Albigenses were a branch of the Catharists (the pure). +They were exterminated by crusades and the Inquisition. They +were distinct from the Waldenses. +Al7biOgen6sian (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Albigenses. +AlObi6ness (?), n. A female albino. +Holmes. +Al6biOnism (?), n. The state or condition of being an +albino: abinoism; leucopathy. +Al7biOnis6tic (?), a. Affected with albinism. +AlObi6no (?; 277), n.; pl. Albinos (?). [Sp. or Pg. albino, +orig. whitish, fr. albo white, L. albus.] A person, whether +negro, Indian, or white, in whom by some defect of +organization the substance which gives color to the skin, +hair, and eyes is deficient or in a morbid state. An ~ has a +skin of a milky hue, with hair of the same color, and eyes +with deep red pupil and pink or blue iris. The term is also +used of the lower animals, as white mice, elephants, etc.; +and of plants in a whitish condition from the absence of +chlorophyll. +Amer. Cyc. +5 The term was originally applied by the Portuguese to +negroes met with on the coast of Africa, who were mottled +with white spots. +AlObi6noOism (?), n. The state or condition of being an +albino; albinism. +Al7biOnot6ic (?), a. Affected with albinism. +Al6biOon (?), n. [Prob. from the same root as Gael. alp a +height or hill. =It may have been bestowed on the land lying +behind the white cliffs visible from the coast of Gaul. +Albany, the old name of Scotland, means probably the =hilly +land.8 I. Taylor.] An ancient name of England, still +retained in poetry. +In that nookPshotten isle of Albion. +Shak. +Al6bite (?), n. [L. albus white.] (Min.) A mineral of the +feldspar family, triclinic in crystallization, and in +composition a silicate of alumina and soda. It is a common +constituent of granite and of various igneous rocks. See +Feldspar. +Al6boOlith (?), n. [L. albus white + Olith.] A kind of +plastic cement, or artificial stone, consisting chiefly of +magnesia and silica; P called also albolite. +X Al6boOrak (?; 277), n. [Ar. alPbur>q, fr. baraqa to flash, +shine.] The imaginary milkPwhite animal on which Mohammed +was said to have been carried up to heaven; a white mule. +Al7buOgin6eOous (?), a. [See Albugo.] Of the nature of, or +resembling, the white of the eye, or of an egg; albuminous; +P a term applied to textures, humors, etc., which are +perfectly white. +X AlObu6go (?), n.; pl. Albugines (?). [L., whiteness, fr. +albus white.] (Med.) Same as Leucoma. +Al6bum (?), n. [L., neut. of albus white: cf. F. album. Cf. +Alb.] 1. (Rom. Antiq.) A white tablet on which anything was +inscribed, as a list of names, etc. +2. A register for visitors' names; a visitors' book. +3. A blank book, in which to insert autographs sketches, +memorial writing of friends, photographs, etc. +AlObu6men (?), n. [L., fr. albus white.] 1. The white of an +egg. +2. (Bot.) Nourishing matter stored up within the integuments +of the seed in many plants, but not incorporated in the +embryo. It is the floury part in corn, wheat, and like +grains, the oily part in poppy seeds, the fleshy part in the +cocoanut, etc. +3. (Chem.) Same as Albumin. +AlObu6menOize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Albumenized (?); p. +pr. & vb. n. Albumenizing.] To cover or saturate with +albumen; to coat or treat with an albuminous solution; as, +to albuminize paper. +X Al6bum Gr6cum (?). [L., Greek white.] Dung of dogs or +hyenas, which becomes white by exposure to air. It is used +in dressing leather, and was formerly used in medicine. +AlObu6min (?), n. (Chem.) A thick, viscous nitrogenous +substance, which is the chief and characteristic constituent +of white of eggs and of the serum of blood, and is found in +other animal substances, both fluid and solid, also in many +plants. It is soluble in water is coagulated by heat ad by +certain chemical reagents. +Acid ~, a modification of ~ produced by the action of dilute +acids. It is not coagulated by heat. P Alkali ~, ~ as +modified by the action of alkaline substances; P called also +albuminate. +AlObu6miOnate (?), n. (Chem.) A substance produced by the +action of an alkali upon albumin, and resembling casein in +its properties; also, a compound formed by the union of +albumin with another substance. +AlObu7miOnif6erOous (?), a. [L. albumen + Oferous.] +Supplying albumen. +AlObu7miOnim6eOter (?), n. [L. albumen, albuminis + Ometer: +cf. F. albuminim +tre.] An instrument for ascertaining the +quantity of albumen in a liquid. +AlObu6miOnin (?), n. (Chem.) The substance of the cells +which inclose the white of birds' eggs. +AlObu7miOnip6aOrous (?), a. [L. albumen + parere to bear, +bring forth.] Producing albumin. +AlObu6miOnoid (?), a. [L. albumen + Ooid.] (Chem.) +Resembling albumin. P n. One of a class of organic +principles (called also proteids) which form the main part +of organized tissues. +Brunton. +AlObu7miOnoid6al (?), a. (Chem.) Of the nature of an +albuminoid. +AlObu6miOnose7 (?), n.(Chem.) A diffusible substance formed +from albumin by the action of natural or artificial gastric +juice. See Peptone. +AlObu6miOnous (?), AlObu6miOnose7 (?), } a. [Cf. F. +albumineux.] Pertaining to, or containing, albumen; having +the properties of, or resembling, albumen or albumin. P +AlObu6miOnousOness, n. +X AlObu7miOnu6riOa (?), n. [NL., fr. L. albumen + Gr. ? +urine.] (Med.) A morbid condition in which albumin is +present in the urine. +Al6buOmose7 (?), n. [From albumin.] (Chem.) A compound or +class of compounds formed from albumin by dilute acids or by +an acid solution of pepsin. Used also in combination, as +antialbumose, hemialbumose. +Al6burn (?), n. [L. alburnus, fr. L. albus white. Cf. +Auburn.] (Zol.) The bleak, a small European fish having +scales of a peculiarly silvery color which are used in +making artificial pearls. +AlObur6nous (?), a. Of or pertaining to alburnum; of the +alburnum; as, alburnous substances. +AlObur6num (?), n. [L., fr. albus white.] (Bot.) The white +and softer part of wood, between the inner bark and the hard +wood or duramen; sapwood. +Al6byn (?), n. [See Albion.] Scotland; esp. the Highlands of +Scotland. +T. Cambell. +AlOcade6 (?), n. Same as Alcaid. +Al6caOhest (?), n. Same as Alkahest. +AlOca6ic (?), a. [L. Alca cus, Gr. ?.] Pertaining to Alcus, +a lyric poet of Mitylene, about 6000 b. c. P n. A kind of +verse, so called from Alcus. One variety consists of five +feet, a spondee or iambic, an iambic, a long syllable, and +two dactyls. +X AlOcaid6, AlOcayde6 (?), n. [Sp. alcaide, fr. Ar. alPq>Fd +governor, fr. q>da to lead, govern.] 1. A commander of a +castle or fortress among the Spaniards, Portuguese, and +Moors. +2. The warden, or keeper of a jail. +X AlOcal6de (?), n. [Sp. alcalde, fr. Ar. alPq>dF judge, fr. +qada to decide, judge. Hence, the cadi of the Turks. Cf. +Cadi.] A magistrate or judge in Spain and in Spanish +America, etc. +Prescott. +5 Sometimes confounded with Alcaid. +Al7caOlim6eOter, n. See Alkalimeter. +X AlOcan6na (?), n. [Sp. alcana, alhe?a, fr. Ar. alOhinn>. +See Henna, and cf. Alkanet.] (Bot.) An oriental shrub +(Lawsonia inermis) from which henna is obtained. +X Al7carOra6za (?), n.; pl. Alcarrazas. [Sp., from Ar. +alPkurr>z earthen vessel.] A vessel of porous earthenware, +used for cooling liquids by evaporation from the exterior +surface. + + + <p. 37> + +X AlOcayde6 (?), n. Same as Alcaid. +X AlOca6zar (?), n. [Sp., fr. Ar. al the + qacr (in pl.) a +castle.] A fortress; also, a royal palace. +Prescott. +X AlOce6do (?), n. [L., equiv. to Gr. ?. See Halcyon.] +(Zol.) A genus of perching birds, including the European +kingfisher (Alcedo ispida). See Halcyon. +AlOchem6ic (?), AlOchem6icOal (?), } a. [Cf. F. alchimique.] +Of or relating to alchemy. +AlOchem6icOalOly, adv. In the manner of alchemy. +Al6cheOmist (?), n. [Cf. OF. alquemiste, F. alchimiste.] One +who practices alchemy. +You are alchemist; make gold. +Shak. +Al7cheOmis6tic (?), Al7cheOmis6ticOal (?), } a. Relating to +or practicing alchemy. +Metaphysical and alchemistical legislators.
+Burke. +Al6cheOmisOtry (?), n. Alchemy. [Obs.] +Al6cheOmize (?), v. t. To change by alchemy; to transmute. +Lovelace. +Al6cheOmy (?), n. [OF. alkemie, arquemie, F. alchimie, Ar. +alOkFmFa, fr. late Gr. ?, for ?, a mingling, infusion, ? +juice, liquid, especially as extracted from plants, fr. ? to +pour; for chemistry was originally the art of extracting the +juices from plants for medicinal purposes. Cf. Sp. alquimia, +It. alchimia. Gr. ? is prob. akin to L. fundere to pour, +Goth. guitan, AS. ge"tan, to pour, and so to E. fuse. See +Fuse, and cf. Chemistry.] 1. An imaginary art which aimed to +transmute the baser metals into gold, to find the panacea, +or universal remedy for diseases, etc. It led the way to +modern chemistry. +2. A mixed metal composed mainly of brass, formerly used for +various utensils; hence, a trumpet. [Obs.] +Put to their mouths the sounding alchemy. +Milton. +3. Miraculous power of transmuting something common into +something precious. +Kissing with golden face the meadows green, +Gilding pale streams with heavenly alchemy. +Shak. +AlOchym6ic (?), a., Al6chyOmist (?), n., Al7chyOmis6tic (?), +a., Al6chyOmy (?), n. See Alchemic, Alchemist, Alchemistic, +Alchemy. +X Al6co (?), n. A small South American dog, domesticated by +the aborigines. +Al6coOate (?), Al6coOhate (?), } n. Shortened forms of +Alcoholate. +Al6coOhol (?), n. [Cf. F. alcool, formerly written alcohol, +Sp. alcohol alcohol, antimony, galena, OSp. alcofol; all fr. +Ar. alPkohl a powder of antimony or galena, to paint the +eyebrows with. The name was afterwards applied, on account +of the fineness of this powder, to highly rectified spirits, +a signification unknown in Arabia. The Sp. word has bot +meanings. Cf. Alquifou.] 1. An impalpable powder. [Obs.] +2. The fluid essence or pure spirit obtained by +distillation. [Obs.] +Boyle. +3. Pure spirit of wine; pure or highly rectified spirit +(called also ethyl alcohol); the spirituous or intoxicating +element of fermented or distilled liquors, or more loosely +a liquid containing it is considerable quantity. It is +extracted by simple distillation from various vegetable +juices and infusions of a saccharine nature, which have +undergone vinous fermentation. +5 As used in the U. S. =Pharmacop?ia, alcohol contains 91 +per cent by weight of ethyl ~ and 9 per cent of water; and +d???ted alcohol (proof spirit) contains 45.5 per cent by +weight of ethyl ~ and 54.5 per cent of water. +4. ( Organic Chem.) A class of compounds analogous to vinic +~ in constitution. Chemically speaking, they are hydroxides +of certain organic radicals; as, the radical ethyl forms +common or ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH); methyl forms methyl +alcohol (CH3.OH) or wood spirit; amyl forms amyl alcohol +(C5H11.OH) or fusel oil, etc. +Al6coOholOate (?), n. [Cf. F. alcolaie.] (Chem.) A +crystallizable compound of a salt with alcohol, in which the +latter plays a part analogous to that of water of +crystallization. +Graham. +Al7coOhol6aOture (?), n. [Cf. F. alcoolature.] (Med.) An +alcoholic tincture prepared with fresh plants. +New Eng. Dict. +Al7coOhol6ic (?), a. [Cf. F. alcolique.] Of or pertaining to +alcohol, or partaking of its qualities; derived from, or +caused by, alcohol; containing alcohol; as, alcoholic +mixtures; alcoholic gastritis; alcoholic odor. +Al7coOhol6ic, n. 1. A person given to the use of ~ liquors. +2. pl. w liquors. +Al6coOholOism (?), n. [Cf. F. alcoolisme.] (Med.) A diseased +condition of the system, brought about by the continued use +of alcoholic liquors. +Al7coOhol7iOza6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. alcoolisation.] 1. The +act of reducing a substance to a fine or impalpable powder. +[Obs.] +Johnson. +2. The act rectifying spirit. +3. Saturation with alcohol; putting the animal system under +the influence of alcoholic liquor. +Al6coOholOize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Alcoholized (?); p. +pr. & vb. n. Alcoholizing.] [Cf. F. alcooliser.] 1. To +reduce to a fine powder. [Obs.] +Johnson. +2. To convert into alcohol; to rectify; also, to saturate +with alcohol. +Al7coOholOom6eOter (?), Al7coOhol6meOter (?), } n. [Alcohol ++ Ometer.] (Chem.) An instrument for determining the +strength of spirits, with a scale graduated so as to +indicate the percentage of pure alcohol, either by weight or +volume. It is usually a form of hydrometer with a special +scale. +Al7coOhol7oOmet6ric (?), Al7coOhol7oOmet6ricOal (?), +Al7coOholOmet6ricOal (?), } a. Relating to the alcoholometer +or alcoholometry. +The alcoholometrical strength of spirituous liquors. +Ure. +Al7coOhol6om6eOtry (?), n. The process or method of +ascertaining the proportion of pure alcohol which spirituous +liquors contain. +Al7coOhom6eOter (?), n., Al7coOhoOmet6ric, a. Same as +Alcoholometer, Alcoholometric. +Al7coOm6eOtry (?), n. See Alcoholometry. +5 The chemists say alcom +tre, alcoom +trie, doubtless by the +suppression of a syllable in order to avoid a disagreeable +sequence of sounds. (Cf. Idolatry.) +Littr. +Al6coOran (?; 277), n. [F. alcoran, fr. Ar. alPqor>n, orig. +the reading, the book, fr. qaraa to read. Cf. Koran.] The +Mohammedan Scriptures; the Koran (now the usual form). +[Spelt also Alcoran.] +Al7coOran6ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Koran. +Al7coOran6ist, n. One who adheres to the letter of the +Koran, rejecting all traditions. +Al6cove (?; 277), n. [F. alcve, Sp. or Pg. alcoba, from Ar. +alPquobbah arch, vault, tent.] 1. (Arch.) A recessed portion +of a room, or a small room opening into a larger one; +especially, a recess to contain a bed; a lateral recess in a +library. +2. A small ornamental building with seats, or an arched +seat, in a pleasure ground; a garden bower. +Cowper. +3. Any natural recess analogous to an ~ or recess in an +apartment. +The youthful wanderers found a wild alcove. +Falconer. +Al6cyOon (?), n. See Halcyon. +X Al7cyOoOna6ceOa (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zol.) A group of +softPbodied Alcyonaria, of which Alcyonium is the type. See +Illust. under Alcyonaria. +X Al7cyOoOna6riOa (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zol.) One of the +orders of Anthozoa. It includes the Alcyonacea, +Pennatulacea, and Gorgonacea. +X AlOcy6oOnes (?), n. pl. [L., pl. of Alcyon.] (Zol.) The +kingfishers. +Al7cyOon6ic (?), a. (Zol.) Of or pertaining to the +Alcyonaria. +X Al7cyOo6niOum (?), n. [Gr. ? a zophyte, so called from +being like the halcyon's nest.] (Zol.) A genus of fleshy +Alcyonaria, its polyps somewhat resembling flowers with +eight fringed rays. The term was also formerly used for +certain species of sponges. +Al6cyOoOnoid (?), a. [Gr. ? + Ooid.] (Zol.) Like or +pertaining to the Alcyonaria. P n. A zophyte of the order +Alcyonaria. +Al6day (?), adv. Continually. [Obs.] +Chaucer. + +AlOdeb6aOran (?), n. [Ar. alOdebar>n, fr. dabar to follow; +so called because this star follows upon the Pleiades.] +(Astron.) A red star of the first magnitude, situated in the +eye of Taurus; the Bull's Eye. It is the bright star in the +group called the Hyades. +Now when Aldebaran was mounted high +Above the shiny Cassiopeia's chair. +Spenser. +Ai6deOhyde (?), n. [Abbrev. fr. alcohol dehydrogenatum, +alcohol deprived of its hydrogen.] (Chem.) A colorless, +mobile, and very volatile liquid obtained from alcohol by +certain of oxidation. +5 The aldehydes are intermediate between the alcohols and +acids, and differ from the alcohols in having two less +hydrogen atoms in the molecule, as common aldehyde (called +also acetic aldehyde or ethyl aldehyde), C2H4O; methyl +aldehyde, CH2O. +w ammonia (Chem.), a compound formed by the union of ~ with +ammonia. +Al7deOhy6dic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to aldehyde; +as, aldehydic acid. +Miller. +Al6der (?), n. [OE. aldir, aller, fr. AS. alr, aler, alor, +akin to D. els, G. erle, Icel. erlir, erli, Swed. al, Dan. +elle, el, L. alnus, and E. elm.] (Bot.) A tree, usually +growing in moist land, and belonging to the genus Alnus. The +wood is used by turners, etc.; the bark by dyers and +tanners. In the U. S. the species of alder are usually +shrubs or small trees. +Black ~. (a) A European shrub (Rhamnus frangula); ~ +buckthorn. (b) An American species of holly (Ilex +verticillata), bearing red berries. +Al6der (?), Al6ler (?), } a. [From ealra, alra, gen. pl. of +AS. eal. The d is excrescent.] Of all; P used in +composition; as, alderbest, best of all, alderwisest, wisest +of all. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +Al7derPlief6est (?), a. [For allerliefest dearest of all. +See Lief.] Most beloved. [Obs.] +Shak. +Al6derOman (?), n.; pl. Aldermen (?). [AS. aldormon, +ealdorman; ealdor an elder + man. See Elder, n.] 1. A senior +or superior; a person of rank or dignity. [Obs.] +5 The title was applied, among the AngloPSaxons, to princes, +dukes, earls, senators, and presiding magistrates; also to +archbishops and bishops, implying superior wisdom or +authority. Thus Ethelstan, duke of the EastPAnglians, was +called Alderman of all England; and there were aldermen of +cities, counties, and castles, who had jurisdiction within +their respective districts. +3. One of a board or body of municipal officers next in +order to the mayor and having a legislative function. They +may, in some cases, individually exercise some magisterial +and administrative functions. +Al6derOmanOcy (?), n. The office of an alderman. +Al6derOman6ic (?), a. Relating to, becoming to, or like, an +alderman; characteristic of an alderman. +Al7derOman6iOty (?), n. 1. Aldermen collectively; the body +of aldermen. +2. The state of being an alderman. [Jocular] +Al7derOmanOlike7 (?), a. Like or suited to an alderman. +Al6derOmanOly, a. Pertaining to, or like, an alderman. +Al6derOmanOly, a. Pertaining to, or like, an alderman. =An +aldermanly discretion.8 +Swift. +Al6derOmanOry (?), n. 1. The district or ward of an +alderman. +2. The office or rank of an alderman. [R.] +B. Jonson. +Al6derOmanOship, n. The condition, position, or office of an +alderman. +Fabyan. +Al6dern (?), a. Made of alder. +Al6derOney (?), n. One of a breed of cattle raised in +Alderney, one of the Channel Islands. Alderneys are of a dun +or tawny color and are often called Jersey cattle. See +Jersey, 3. +Al6dine (?; 277), a. (Bibliog.) An epithet applied to +editions (chiefly of the classics) which proceeded from the +press of Aldus Manitius, and his family, of Venice, for the +most part in the 16th century and known by the sign of the +anchor and the dolphin. The term has also been applied to +certain elegant editions of English works. +Ale (?), n. [AS. ealu, akin to Icel., Sw., and Dan. l, +Lith. alus a kind of beer, OSlav. ol? beer. Cf. Ir. ol +drink, drinking.] 1. An intoxicating liquor made from an +infusion of malt by fermentation and the addition of a +bitter, usually hops. +5 The word ale, in England and the United States, usually +designates a heavier kind of fermented liquor, and the word +beer a lighter kind. The word beer is also in common use as +the generic name for all malt liquors. +2. A festival in English country places, so called from the +liquor drunk. =At wakes and ales.8 B. Jonson.=On ember eves +and holy ales.8 Shak. +AOleak6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + leak.] In a leaking +condition. +A6leOaOtoOry (?), a. [L. aleatorius, fr. alea chance, die.] +(Law) Depending on some uncertain contingency; as, an +aleatory contract. +Bouvier. +Ale6bench7 (?), n. A bench in or before an alehouse. +Bunyan. +Ale6ber7ry (?), n. [OE. alebery, alebrey; ale + bre broth, +fr. AS. brFw pottage.] A beverage, formerly made by boiling +ale with spice, sugar, and sops of bread. +Their aleberries, caudles, possets. +Beau. & Fl. +AOlect6iOthal (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? yelk.] (Biol.) +Applied to those ova which segment uniformly, and which have +little or no food yelk embedded in their protoplasm. +Balfour. +Ale6con6ner (?), n. [Ale + con, OE. cunnen to test, AS. +cunnian to test. See Con.] Orig., an officer appointed to +look to the goodness of ale and beer; also, one of the +officers chosen by the liverymen of London to insect the +measures used in public houses. But the office is a +sinecure. [Also called aletaster.] [Eng.] +Ale6cost7 (?), n. [Ale + L. costus an aromatic plant: cf. +Costmary.] (Bot.) The plant costmary, which was formerly +much used for flavoring ale. +X Al7ecOtor6iOdes (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? a cock.] +(Zol.) A group of birds including the common fowl and the +pheasants. +AOlec7toOrom6aOchy (?), n. [Gr. ? cock + ? fight.] +Cockfighting. +AOlec6toOroOman7cy (?), n. See Alectryomancy. +AOlec7tryOom'aOchy (?), n. [Gr. ? cock + ? fight.] +Cockfighting. +AOlec6tryOoOman7cy (?), n. [Gr. ? cock + Omancy.] Divination +by means of a cock and grains of corn placed on the letters +of the alphabet, the letters being put together in the order +in which the grains were eaten. +Amer. Cyc. +AOlee6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + lee.] (Naut.) On or toward the +lee, or the side away from the wind; the opposite of +aweather. The helm of a ship is alee when pressed close to +the lee side. +Hard ~, or Luff ~, an order to put the helm to the lee side. +Al6eOgar (?), n. [Ale + eager sour, F. aigre. Cf. Vinegar.] +Sour ale; vinegar made of ale. +Cecil. +Al6eOger (?), a. [F. all +gre, earlier al +gre, fr. L. +alacer.] Gay; cheerful; sprightly. [Obs.] +Bacon. +AOlegge6 (?), v. t. [OE. aleggen, alegen, OF. alegier, F. +allger, fr. LL. alleviare, for L. allevare to lighten; ad + +levis light. Cf. Alleviate, Allay, Allege.] To allay or +alleviate; to lighten. [Obs.] +That shall alegge this bitter blast. +Spenser. +Ale6hoof7 (?), n. [AS. h?fe ground ivy; the first part is +perh. a corruption: cf. OE. heyhowe hedgehove, + + <p. 38> + +ground ivy, =in old MSS. heyhowe, heyoue, haihoue, +halehoue.8 Prior.] Ground ivy (Nepeta Glechoma). +Ale6house7 (?), n. A house where ale is retailed; hence, a +tippling house. +Macaulay. + +Ale6Pknight7 (?), n. A pot companion. [Obs.] +Al7eOman6nic (?), a. Belonging to the Alemanni, a +confederacy of warlike German tribes. +Al7eOman6nic, n. The language of the Alemanni. +The Swabian dialect... is known as the Alemannic. +Amer. Cyc. +AOlem6bic (?), n. [F. alambic (cf. Sp. alambique), Ar. +alPanbFq, fr. Gr. ? cup, cap of a still. The cap or head was +the alembic proper. Cf. Limbec.] An apparatus formerly used +in distillation, usually made of glass or metal. It has +mostly given place to the retort and worm still. +Used also metaphorically. +The alembic of a great poet's imagination. +Brimley. +AOlem6broth (?), n. [Origin uncertain.] The salt of wisdom +of the alchemists, a double salt composed of the chlorides +of ammonium and mercury. It was formerly used as a +stimulant. +Brande & C. +A7len7con6 lace6 (?). See under Lace. +AOlength6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + length.] At full length; +lenghtwise. +Chaucer. + +AOlep6iOdote , a. [Gr. ? priv. + ?, ?, a scale.] (Zol.) Not +having scales. P n. A fish without scales. +Ale6pole7 (?), n. A pole set up as the sign of an alehouse. +[Obs.] +AOlert6 (?), a. [F. alerte, earlier l'erte on the watch, +fr. It. all' erta on the watch, prop. (standing) on a +height, where one can look around; erta a declivity, steep, +erto steep, p. p. of ergere, erigere, to erect, raise, L. +erigere. See Erect.] 1. Watchful; vigilant; active in +vigilance. +2. Brisk; nimble; moving with celerity. +An alert young fellow. +Addison. + +Syn. - Active; agile; lively; quick; prompt. +AOlert6, n. (Mil.) An alarm from a real or threatened +attack; a sudden attack; also, a bugle sound to give +warning. =We have had an alert.8 +Farrow. +On the ~, on the lookout or watch against attack or danger; +ready to act. +AOlert6ly, adv. In an alert manner; nimbly. +AOlert6ness, n. The quality of being alert or on the alert; +briskness; nimbleness; activity. +Ale6 sil7ver (?). A duty payable to the lord mayor of London +by the sellers of ale within the city. +Ale6stake (?), n. A stake or pole projecting from, or set up +before, an alehouse, as a sign; an alepole. At the end was +commonly suspended a garland, a bunch of leaves, or a +=bush.8 [Obs.] +Chaucer. +Ale6tast7er (?), n. See Aleconner. [Eng.] +AOle7thiOol6oOgy (?), n. [Gr. ? truth + Ology.] The science +which treats of the nature of truth and evidence. +Sir W. Hamilton. +AOleth6oOscope (?), n. [Gr. ? true + ? to view.] An +instrument for viewing pictures by means of a lens, so as to +present them in their natural proportions and relations. +AOleu6roOman7cy (?), n. [Gr. ? wheaten flour + Omancy: cf. +F. aleuromancie.] Divination by means of flour. +Encyc. Brit. +Al7euOrom6eOter (?), n. [Gr. ? flour + Ometer.] An +instrument for determining the expansive properties, or +quality, of gluten in flour. +Knight. +AOleu6rone (?), n. [Gr. ? flour.] (Bot.) An albuminoid +substance which occurs in minute grains (=protein granules8) +in maturing seeds and tubers; P supposed to be a +modification of protoplasm. +Al7euOron6ic (?), a. (Bot.) Having the nature of aleurone. +D. C. Eaton. +AOleu6tian (?), AOleu6tic (?), } a. [Said to be from the +Russ. aleut a bold rock.] Of or pertaining to a chain of +islands between Alaska and Kamtchatka; also, designating +these islands. +Al6eOvin (?), n. [F. alevin, OF. alever to rear, fr. L. ad + +levare to raise.] Young fish; fry. +AOlew6 (?), n. Halloo. [Obs.] +Spenser. +Ale6wife7 (?), n.; pl. Alewives (?). A woman who keeps an +alehouse. +Gay. +Ale6wife7, n.; pl. Alewives. [This word is properly aloof, +the Indian name of a fish. See Winthrop on the culture of +maize in America, =Phil Trans.8 No. 142, p. 1065, and +Baddam's =Memoirs,8 vol. ii. p. 131.] (Zol.) A North +American fish (Clupea vernalis) of the Herring family. It is +called also ellwife, ellwhop, branch herring. The name is +locally applied to other related species. +Al7exOan6ders (?), Al7iOsan6ders (?), n. [OE. alisaundre, +OF. alissandere, fr. Alexander or Alexandria.] (Bot) A name +given to two species of the genus Smyrnium, formerly +cultivated and used as celery now is; P called also horse +parsely. +Al7exOan6driOan (?), a. 1. Of or pertaining to Alexandria in +Egypt; as, the Alexandrian library. +2. Applied to a kind of heroic verse. See Alexandrine, n. +Al7exOan6drine (?; 277), a. Belonging to Alexandria; +Alexandrian. +Bancroft. +Al7exOan6drine (?)(?), n. [F. alexandrin.] A kind of verse +consisting in English of twelve syllables. +The needless Alexandrine ends the song, +That, like a wounded snake, drags its slow length along. +Pope. +AOlex7iOphar6mac (?), AOlex7iOphar6maOcal (?), } a. & n. +[See Alexipharmic.] Alexipharmic. [Obs.] +AOlex7iOphar6mic (?), AOlex7iOphar6micOal (?), } a. [Gr. ? +keeping off poison; ? to keep off + ? drug, poison: cf. F. +alexipharmaque.] (Med.) Expelling or counteracting poison; +antidotal. +AOlex7iOphar6mic (?), n. (Med.) An antidote against poison +or infection; a counterpoison. +AOlex7iOpyOret6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? + ? burning heat, fever, ? +fire.] (Med.) Serving to drive off fever; antifebrile. P n. +A febrifuge. +AOlex7iOter6ic (?), AOlex7iOter6icOal (?), } a. [Gr. ? fit +to keep off or help, fr. ? one who keeps off, helper; ? to +keep off: cf. F. alexit +re.] (med.) Resisting poison; +obviating the effects of venom; alexipharmic. +AOlex7iOter6ic, n. [Gr. ? a remedy, an amulet: cf. F. +alexit +re, LL. alexiterium.] (Med.) A preservative against +contagious and infectious diseases, and the effects of +poison in general. +Brande & C. +X Al6fa (?) or Al6fa grass6 (?), n. A plant (Macrochloa +tenacissima) of North Africa; also, its fiber, used in paper +making. +AlOfal6fa (?), n. [Sp.] (Bot.) The lucern (Medicago sativa); +P so called in California, Texas, etc. +Al6feOnide (?), n. (Metal.) An alloy of nickel and silver +electroplated with silver. +X AlOfe6res (?), n. [Sp., fr. Ar. alOf>rs knight.] An +ensign; a standard bearer. [Obs.] +J. Fletcher. +Al6fet , n. [LL. alfetum, fr. AS. >lft a pot to boil in; >l +burning + ft vat.] A caldron of boiling water into which an +accused person plunged his forearm as a test of innocence or +guilt. +X AlOfil7aOri6a (?), n. (Bot.) The pin grass (Erodium +cicutarium), a weed in California. +X Al7fiOo6ne (?), n. (Zol.) An edible marine fish of +California (Rhacochilus toxotes). +X AlOfres6co (?), adv. & a. [It. al fresco in or on the +fresh.] In the openPair. +Smollett. +X Al6ga (?), n.; pl. Alg (?). [L., seaweed.] (Bot.) A kind +of seaweed; pl. the class of cellular cryptogamic plants +which includes the black, red, and green seaweeds, as kelp, +dulse, sea lettuce, also marine and fresh water conferv, +etc. +Al6gal (?), a,. (Bot.) Pertaining to, or like, alg. +X Al7gaOro6ba (?), n. [Sp. algarroba, fr. Ar. alOkharr?bah. +Cf. Carob.] (Bot.) (a) The Carob, a leguminous tree of the +Mediterranean region; also, its edible beans or pods, called +St. John's bread. (b) The Honey mesquite (Prosopis +juliflora), a small tree found from California to Buenos +Ayres; also, its sweet, pulpy pods. A valuable gum, +resembling gum arabic, is collected from the tree in Texas +and Mexico. +Al6gaOrot (?), Al6gaOroth (?), } n. [F. algaroth, fr. the +name of the inventor, Algarotti.] (Med.) A term used for the +Powder of Algaroth, a white powder which is a compound of +trichloride and trioxide of antimony. It was formerly used +in medicine as an emetic, purgative, and diaphoretic. +X Al7gaOroOvil6la (?), n. The agglutinated seeds and husks +of the legumes of a South American tree (Inga Marth). It is +valuable for tanning leather, and as a dye. +Al6gate (?), Al6gates (?), } adv. [All + gate way. The s is +and adverbial ending. See Gate.] 1. Always; wholly; +everywhere. [Obs. or Dial.] +Ulna now he algates must forego. +Spenser. +5 Still used in the north of England in the sense of +=everywhere.8 +2. By any or means; at all events. [Obs.] +Fairfax. +3. Notwithstanding; yet. [Obs.] +Chaucer. + +Al6gaOzel7 (?), n. [Ar. al the + ghaz>l.] (Zol.) The true +gazelle. +Al6geObra (?), n. [LL. algebra, fr. Ar. alPjebr reduction of +parts to a whole, or fractions to whole numbers, fr. jabara +to bind together, consolidate; alPjebr w'almuq>balah +reduction and comparison (by equations): cf. F. alg +bre, It. +& Sp. algebra.] 1. (Math.) That branch of mathematics which +treats of the relations and properties of quantity by means +of letters and other symbols. It is applicable to those +relations that are true of every kind of magnitude. +2. A treatise on this science. +Al7geObra6ic (?), Al7geObra6icOal (?), } a. Of or pertaining +to algebra; containing an operation of algebra, or deduced +from such operation; as, algebraic characters; algebraical +writings. +Algebraic curve, a curve such that the equation which +expresses the relation between the cordinates of its points +involves only the ordinary operations of algebra; P opposed +to a transcendental curve. +Al7geObra6icOalOly, adv. By algebraic process. +Al6geObra7ist (?), n. One versed in algebra. +Al6geObraOize (?)(?), v. t. To perform by algebra; to reduce +to algebraic form. +AlOge6riOan (?), a. Of or pertaining to Algeria. P n. A +native of Algeria. +Al7geOrine6 (?), a. Of or pertaining to Algiers or Algeria. +Al7geOrine6, n. A native or one of the people of Algiers or +Algeria. Also, a pirate. +Al6gid (?), a. [L. algidus cold, fr. algere to be cold: cf. +F. algide.] Cold; chilly. +Bailey. +w cholera (Med.), Asiatic cholera. +AlOgid6iOty (?), n. Chilliness; coldness; especially (Med.), +coldness and collapse. +Al6gidOness (?), n. Algidity. [Obs.] +AlOgif6ic (?), a. [L. algificus, fr. algus cold + facere to +make.] Producing cold. +Al6goid (?), a. [L. alga + Ooid.] Of the nature of, or +resembling, an alga. +Al6gol (?), n. [Ar. alPgh?l destruction, calamity, fr. gh>la +to take suddenly, destroy.] (Astron.) A fixed star, in +Medusa's head, in the constellation Perseus, remarkable for +its periodic variation in brightness. +Al7goOlog6icOal (?), a. Of or pertaining to algology; as, +algological specimens. +AlOgol6oOgist (?), n. One learned about alg; a student of +algology. +AlOgol6oOgy (?), n. [L. alga seaweed + Ology.] (Bot.) The +study or science of alg or seaweeds. +AlOgon6quin (?), AlOgon6kin (?), } n. One of a widely spread +family of Indians, including many distinct tribes, which +formerly occupied most of the northern and eastern part of +North America. The name was originally applied to a group of +Indian tribes north of the River St. Lawrence. +X Al6gor (?), n. [L.] (Med.) Cold; chilliness. +Al6goOrism (?), Al6goOrithm (?), } n. [OE. algorism, algrim, +augrim, OF. algorisme, F. algorithme (cf. Sp. algoritmo, +OSp. alguarismo, LL. algorismus), fr. the Ar. alPKhow>rezmF +of Khow>rezm, the modern Khiwa, surname of Abu Ja'far +Mohammed ben Mus>, author of a work on arithmetic early in +the 9th century, which was translated into Latin, such books +bearing the name algorismus. The spelling with th is due to +a supposed connection with Gr. ? number.] 1. The art of +calculating by nine figures and zero. +2. The art of calculating with any species of notation; as, +the algorithms of fractions, proportions, surds, etc. +Al6gous (?), a. [L. algosus, fr. alga seaweed.] Of or +pertaining to the alg, or seaweeds; abounding with, or +like, seaweed. +X Al7guaOzil6 (?)(?), n. [Sp. alguacil, fr. Ar. alwazFr the +vizier. Cf. Vizier.] An inferior officer of justice in +Spain; a warrant officer; a constable. +Prescott. +Al6gum (?), n. Same as Almug (and etymologically +preferable). +2 Chron. ii. 8. +AlOham6bra (?), n. [Ultimately fr. Ar. al the + hamr> red; +i. e., the red (sc. house).] The palace of the Moorish kings +at Granada. +Al7hamObra6ic (?), Al7hamObresque6 (?; 277), } a. Made or +decorated after the fanciful style of the ornamentation in +the Alhambra, which affords an unusually fine exhibition of +Saracenic or Arabesque architecture. +X AlOhen6na (?), n. See Henna. +A6liOas (?), adv. [L., fr. alius. See Else.] (Law) (a) +Otherwise; otherwise called; P a term used in legal +proceedings to connect the different names of any one who +has gone by two or more, and whose true name is for any +cause doubtful; as, Smith, alias Simpson. (b) At another +time. +A6liOas, n.; pl. Aliases (?). [L., otherwise, at another +time.] (Law) (a) A second or further writ which is issued +after a first writ has expired without effect. (b) Another +name; an assumed name. +Al6iObi (?), n. [L., elsewhere, at another place. See +Alias.] (Law) The plea or mode of defense under which a +person on trial for a crime proves or attempts to prove that +he was in another place when the alleged act was committed; +as, to set up an alibi; to prove an alibi. +Al7iObil6iOty (?), n. Quality of being alible. +Al6iOble (?), a. [L. alibilis, fr. alere to nourish.] +Nutritive; nourishing. +Al6iOcant (?), n. A kind of wine, formerly much esteemed; P +said to have been made near Alicant, in Spain. +J. Fletcher. +Al6iOdade (?), n. [LL. alidada, alhidada, fr. Ar. alO'id>da +a sort of rule: cf. F. alidade.] The portion of a graduated +instrument, as a quadrant or astrolabe, carrying the sights +or telescope, and showing the degrees cut off on the arc of +the instrument +Whewell. +Al6ien (?), a. [OF. alien, L. alienus, fr. alius another; +properly, therefore, belonging to another. See Else.] 1. Not +belonging to the same country, land, or government, or to +the citizens or subjects thereof; foreign; as, alien +subjects, enemies, property, shores. +2. Wholly different in nature; foreign; adverse; +inconsistent (with); incongruous; P followed by from or +sometimes by to; as, principles alien from our religion. +An alien sound of melancholy. +Wordsworth. +w enemy (Law), one who owes allegiance to a government at +war with ours. +Abbott. +Al6ien, n. 1. A foreigner; one owing allegiance, or +belonging, to another country; a foreignPborn resident of a +country in which he does not posses the privileges of a +citizen. Hence, a stranger. See Alienage. +2. One excluded from certain privileges; one alienated or +estranged; as, aliens from God's mercies. +Aliens from the common wealth of Israel. +Ephes. ii. 12. +Al6ien, v. t. [F. aliner, L. alienare.] To alienate; to +estrange; to transfer, as property or ownership. [R.] =It +the son alien lands.8 +Sir M. Hale. +The prince was totally aliened from all thoughts of... the +marriage. +Clarendon. +Al7ienOaObil6iOty (?), n. Capability of being alienated. +=The alienability of the domain.8 +Burke. +Al6ienOaOble (?), a. [Cf. F. alinable.] Capable of being +alienated, sold, or transferred to another; as, land is +alienable according to the laws of the state. +Al6ienOage (?), n. [Cf. OF. alinage.] 1. The state or legal +condition of being an alien. +5 The disabilities of alienage are removable by +naturalization or by special license from the State of +residence, and in some of the United States by declaration +of intention of naturalization. +Kent. Wharton. +Estates forfeitable on account of alienage. +Story. +2. The state of being alienated or transferred to another. +Brougham. + + +<p. 39> + +Al6ienOate (?), a. [L. alienatus, p. p. of alienare, fr. +alienus. See Alien, and cf. Aliene.] Estranged; withdrawn in +affection; foreign; P with from. +O alienate from God. +Milton. + +Al6ienOate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Alienated (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Alienating.] 1. To convey or transfer to another, as +title, property, or right; to part voluntarily with +ownership of. +2. To withdraw, as the affections; to make indifferent of +averse, where love or friendship before subsisted; to +estrange; to wean; P with from. +The errors which... alienated a loyal gentry and priesthood +from the House of Stuart. +Macaulay. +The recollection of his former life is a dream that only the +more alienates him from the realities of the present. +I. Taylor. +Al6ienOate (?), n. A stranger; an alien. [Obs.] +Al7ienOa6tion (?), n. [F. alination, L. alienatio, fr. +alienare, fr. alienare. See Alienate.] 1. The act of +alienating, or the state of being alienated. +2. (Law) A transfer of title, or a legal conveyance of +property to another. +3. A withdrawing or estrangement, as of the affections. +The alienation of his heart from the king. +Bacon. +4. Mental alienation; derangement of the mental faculties; +insanity; as, alienation of mind. +Syn. - Insanity; lunacy; madness; derangement; aberration; +mania; delirium; frenzy; dementia; monomania. See Insanity. +Al6ienOa6tor (?), n. One who alienates. +AlOiene (?), v. t. To alien or alienate; to transfer, as +title or property; as, to aliene an estate. +Al6ienOee6 (?), n. (Law) One to whom the title of property +is transferred; P opposed to alienor. +It the alienee enters and keeps possession. +Blackstone. +Al6ienOism (?), n. 1. The status or legal condition of an +alien; alienage. +The law was very gentle in the construction of the +disability of alienism. +Kent. +2. The study or treatment of diseases of the mind. +Al6ienOist (?), n. [F. aliniste.] One who treats diseases +of the mind. +Ed. Rev. +Al7ienOor6 (?), n. [OF. alineur.] One who alienates or +transfers property to another. +Blackstone. +Al7iOeth6moid (?), Al7iOethOmoid6al (?), } a. [L. ala wing + +E. ethomoid.] (Anat.) Pertaining to expansions of the +ethmoid bone or ?artilage. +AOlife6 (?), adv. [Cf. lief dear.] On my life; dearly. +[Obs.] =I love that sport alife.8 +Beau. & Fl. +AOlif6erOous (?), a. [L. ala wing + Oferous.] Having wings, +winged; aligerous. [R.] +Al6iOform (?), a. [L. ala wing + Oform.] WingOshaped; +winglike. +AOlig6erOous (?), a. [L. aliger; ala wing + gerere to +carry.] Having wings; winged. [R.] +AOlight6 (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Alighted (?) sometimes +Alit (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Alighting.] [OE. alihten, fr. AS. +>lFhtan; pref. >O (cf. Goth. usO, G. erO, orig. meaning out) ++ lFhtan, to alight, orig. to render light, to remove a +burden from, fr. lFht, leoht, light. See Light, v. i.] 1. To +spring down, get down, or descend, as from on horseback or +from a carriage; to dismount. +2. To descend and settle, lodge, rest, or stop; as, a flying +bird alights on a tree; snow alights on a roof. +3. To come or chance (upon). [R.] +AOlight6, a. [Pref. aO + light.] Lighted; lighted up; in a +flame. =The lamps were alight.8 +Dickens. +AOlign6 (?), v. t. [F. aligner; (L. ad) + ligne (L. linea) +line. See Line, and cf. Allineate.] To adjust or form to a +line; to range or form in line; to bring into line; to +aline. +AOlign6, v. t. To form in line; to fall into line. +AOlign6ment (?), n. [F. alignement.] 1. The act of adjusting +to a line; arrangement in a line or lines; the state of +being so adjusted; a formation in a straight line; also, the +line of adjustment; esp., an imaginary line to regulate the +formation of troops or of a squadron. +2. (Engin.) The groundOplan of a railway or other road, in +distinction from the grades or profile. +AOlike6 (?), a. [AS. onlFc, gelFc; pref. > + like.] Having +resemblance or similitude; similar; without difference. [Now +used only predicatively.] +The darkness and the light are both alike to thee. +Ps. cxxxix. 12. +AOlike6, adv. [AS. gelFce, onlFce.] In the same manner, +form, or degree; in common; equally; as, we are all alike +concerne? in religion. +AOlike6Pmind7ed (?), a. LikePminded. [Obs.] +Al6iOment (?), n. [L. alimentum, fr. alere to nourish; akin +to Goth. alan to grow, Icel. ala to nourish: cf. F. aliment. +See Old.] 1. That which nourishes; food; nutriment; anything +which feeds or adds to a substance in natural growth. Hence: +The necessaries of life generally: sustenance; means of +support. +Aliments of thei? sloth and weakness. +Bacon. +2. An allowance for maintenance. [Scot.] +Al6iOment, v. t. 1. To nourish; to support. +2. To provide for the maintenance of. [Scot.] +Al7iOmen6tal (?), a. Supplying food; having the quality of +nourishing; furnishing the materials for natural growth; as, +alimental sap. +A7liOmen6talOly, adv. So as to serve for nourishment or +food; nourishing quality. +Sir T. Browne. + +Al7iOmen6taOriOness (?), n. The quality of being alimentary; +nourishing quality. [R.] +Al7iOmen6taOry (?), a. [L. alimentarius, fr. alimentum: cf. +F. alimentaire.] Pertaining to aliment or food, or to the +function of nutrition; nutritious; alimental; as, alimentary +substances. +w canal, the entire channel, extending from the mouth to the +?nus, by which aliments are conveyed through the body, and +the useless parts ejected. +Al7iOmenOta6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. alimentation, LL. +alimentatio.] 1. The act or process of affording nutriment; +the function of the alimentary canal. +2. State or mode of being nourished. +Bacon. +Al7iOmen6tiveOness (?), n. The instinct or faculty of +appetite for food. [Chiefly in Phrenol.] +Al7iOmo6niOous (?), a. Affording food; nourishing. [R.] +=Alimonious humors.8 +Harvey. +Al6iOmoOny (?), n. [L. alimonia, alimonium, nourishment, +sustenance, fr. alere to nourish.] 1. Maintenance; means of +living. +2. (Law) An allowance made to a wife out of her husband's +estate or income for her support, upon her divorce or legal +separation from him, or during a suit for the same. +Wharton. Burrill. +Al7iOna6sal (?), a. [L. ala wing + E. nasal.] (Anat.) +Pertaining to expansions of the nasal bone or cartilage. +AOline6 (?), v. t. To range or place in a line; to bring +into line; to align. +Evelyn. +AOlin7eOa6tion (?), n. See Allineation. +AOline6ment (?), n. Same as Alignment. +The Eng. form alinement is preferable to alignment, a bad +spelling of the Fr[ench]. +New Eng. Dict. (Murray). +AOlin6er (?), n. One who adjusts things to a line or lines +or brings them into line. +Evelyn. +Al6iOoth (?), n. [Ar. aly>t the tail of a fat sheep.] +(Astron.) A star in the tail of the Great Bear, the one next +the bowl in the Dipper. +Al6iOped (?), a. [L. alipes; ala wing + pes, pedis, foot: +cf. F. alip +de.] (Zol.) WingOfooted, as the bat. P n. An +animal whose toes are connected by a membrane, serving for a +wing, as the bat. +Al6iOquant (?), a. [L. aliquantus some, moderate; alius +other + quantus how great: cf. F. aliquante.] (Math.) An +aliquant part of a number or quantity is one which does not +divide it without leaving a remainder; thus, 5 is an +aliquant part of 16. Opposed to aliquot. +Al6iOquot (?), a. [L. aliquot some, several; alius other + +quot how many: cf. F. aliquote.] (Math.) An aliquot part of +a number or quantity is one which will divide it without a +remainder; thus, 5 is an aliquot part of 15. Opposed to +aliquant. +Al7iOsep6tal (?), a. [L. ala wing + E. septal.] (Anat.) +Relating to expansions of the nasal septum. +Al6ish (?), a. Like ale; as, an alish taste. +Al7iOsphe6noid (?), Al7iOspheOnoid6al (?), } a. [L. ala wing ++ E. sphenoid.] (Anat.) Pertaining to or forming the wing of +the sphenoid; relating to a bone in the base of the skull, +which in the adult is often consolidated with the sphenoid; +as, alisphenoid bone; alisphenoid canal. +Al7iOsphe6noid, n. (Anat.) The ~ bone. +Al6iOtrunk (?), n. [L. ala wing + truncus trunk.] (Zol.) +The segment of the body of an insect to which the wings are +attached; the thorax. +Kirby. +Al7iOtur6gicOal (?), a. [Pref. aO + liturgical.] (Eccl.) +Applied to those days when the holy sacrifice is not +offered. +Shipley. +X A7liOun6de (?), adv. & a. [L.] (Law) From another source; +from elsewhere; as, a case proved aliunde; evidence aliunde. +AOlive6 (?), a. [OE. on live, AS. on lFfe in life; lFfe +being dat. of lFf life. See Life, and cf. Live, a.] 1. +Having life, in opposition to dead; living; being in a state +in which the organs perform their functions; as, an animal +or a plant which is alive. +2. In a state of action; in force or operation; +unextinguished; unexpired; existent; as, to keep the fire +alive; to keep the affections alive. +3. Exhibiting the activity and motion of many living beings; +swarming; thronged. +The Boyne, for a quarter of a mile, was alive with muskets +and green boughs. +Macaulay. + +4. Sprightly; lively; brisk. +Richardson. +5. Having susceptibility; easily impressed; having lively +feelings, as opposed to apathy; sensitive. +Tremblingly alive to nature's laws. +Falconer. +6. Of all living (by way of emphasis). +Northumberland was the proudest man alive. +Clarendon. +Used colloquially as an intensive; as, man alive! +5 Alive always follows the noun which it qualifies. +X A7liOza6ri (?), n. [Perh. fr. Ar. 'a?>rah juice extracted +from a plant, fr. 'a?ara to press.] (Com.) The madder of the +Levant. +Brande & C. +AOliz6aOrin (?), n. [F. alizarine, fr. alizari.] (Chem.) A +coloring principle, C14H6O2 (OH)2, found in madder, and now +produced artificially from anthracene. It produces the +Turkish reds. +Al6kaOhest (?), n. [LL. alchahest, F. alcahest, a word that +has an Arabic appearance, but was probably arbitrarily +formed by Paracelsus.] The fabled =universal solvent8 of the +alchemists; a menstruum capable of dissolving all bodies. P +Al7kaOhes6tic (?), a. +Al7kalOam6ide (?), n. [Alkali + amide.] (Chem.) One of a +series of compounds that may be regarded as ammonia in which +a part of the hydrogen has been replaced by basic, and +another part by acid, atoms or radicals. +Al7kaOles7cence (?), Al7kaOles6cenOcy (?), } n. A tendency +to become alkaline; or the state of a substance in which +alkaline properties begin to be developed, or to +predominant. +Ure. +Al7kaOles6cent (?), a. [Cf. F. alcalescent.] Tending to the +properties of an alkali; slightly alkaline. +Al6kaOli (?; 277), n. pl. Alkalis or Alkalies (?). [F. +alcali, ultimately fr. Ar. alqalF ashes of the plant +saltwort, fr. qalay to roast in a pan, fry.] 1. Soda ash; +caustic soda, caustic potash, etc. +2. (Chem.) One of a class of caustic bases, such as soda, +potash, ammoma, and lithia, whose distinguishing +peculiarities are solubility in alcohol and water, uniting +with oils and fats to form soap, neutralizing and forming +salts with acids, turning to brown several vegetable +yellows, and changing reddened litmus to blue. +Fixed alkalies, potash and soda. P Vegetable alkalies. Same +as Alkaloids. P Volatile ~, ammonia, so called in +distinction from the fixed alkalies. +Al6kaOliOfi7aOble (?), a. [Cf. F. alcalifiable.] Capable of +being alkalified, or converted into an alkali. +Al6kaOliOfy (?; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Alkalified (?); p. +pr. & vb. n. Alkalifying.] [Alkali + Ofly: cf. F. +alcalifier.] To convert into an alkali; to give alkaline +properties to. +Al6kaOliOfy, v. i. To become changed into an alkali. +Al7kaOlim6eOter (?), n. [Alkali + Ometer. cf. F. +alcalim +tre.] An instrument to ascertain the strength of +alkalies, or the quantity of alkali in a mixture. +Al7kaOliOmet6ric (?), Al7kaOliOmet6ricOal (?), } a. Of or +pertaining to alkalimetry. +Al7kaOlim6eOtry (?), n. [Cf. F. alcalim +trie.] (Chem.) The +art or process of ascertaining the strength of alkalies, or +the quantity present in alkaline mixtures. +Al6kaOline (?; 277), a. [Cf. F. alcalin.] Of or pertaining +to an alkali or to alkalies; having the properties of an +alkali. +w earths, certain substances, as lime, baryta, strontia, and +magnesia, possessing some of the qualities of alkalies. P w +metals, potassium, sodium, csium, lithium, rubidium. P w +reaction, a reaction indicating alkalinity, as by the action +on limits, turmeric, etc. +Al7kaOlin6iOty (?), n. The quality which constitutes an +alkali; alkaline property. +Thomson. +AlOka6liOous (?), a. Alkaline. [Obs.] +Al6kaOliOzate (?), a. Alkaline. [Obs.] +Boyle. +Al6kaOliOOzate (?), v. t. To alkalizate. [R.] +Johnson. +Al7kaOliOza6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. alcalisation.] The act +rendering alkaline by impregnating with an alkali; a +conferring of alkaline qualities. +Al6kaOlize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Alkalized (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Alkalizing (?).] [Cf. F. alcaliser.] To render +alkaline; to communicate the properties of an alkali to. +Al6kaOloid (?), Al7kaOloid6al (?), } a. [Alkali + Ooid: cf. +F. alcalo de.] Pertaining to, resembling, or containing, +alkali. +Al6kaOloid (?), n. (Chem.) An organic base, especially one +of a class of substances occurring ready formed in the +tissues of plants and the bodies of animals. +5 Alcaloids all contain nitrogen, carbon, and hydrogen, and +many of them also contain oxygen. They include many of the +active principles in plants; thus, morphine and narcotine +are alkaloids found in opium. +Al6kaOnet (?), n. [Dim. of Sp. alcana, alhe?a, in which al +is the Ar. article. See Henna, and cf. Orchanet.] 1. (Chem.) +A dyeing matter extracted from the roots of Alkanna +tinctoria, which gives a fine deep red color. +2. (Bot.) (a) A boraginaceous herb (Alkanna tinctoria) +yielding the dye; orchanet. (b) The similar plant Anchusa +officinalis; bugloss; also, the American puccoon. +AlOkar6gen (?), n. [Alkarsin + oxygen.] (Chem.) Same as +Cacodylic acid. +AlOkar6sin (?), n. [Alkali + arsenic + Oin.] (Chem.) A +spontaneously inflammable liquid, having a repulsive odor, +and consisting of cacodyl and its oxidation products; P +called also Cadel's fuming liquid. +AlOka6zar (?)(?). See Alcazar. +Al7keOken6gi (?), n. [Cf. F. alkkenge, Sp. alquequenje, +ultimately fr. Ar. alPk>kanj a kind of resin from Herat.] +(Bot.) An herbaceous plant of the nightshade family +(Physalis alkekengi) and its fruit, which is a well flavored +berry, the size of a cherry, loosely inclosed in a enlarged +leafy calyx; P also called winter cherry, ground cherry, and +strawberry tomato. +D. C. Eaton. +AlOker6mes (?), n. [Ar. alPqirmiz kermes. See Kermes.] (Old +Pharmacy) A compound cordial, in the form of a confection, +deriving its name from the kermes insect, its principal +ingredient. +Al6koOran (?; 277), n. The Mohammedan Scriptures. Same as +Alcoran and Koran. +Al7koOran6ic (?), a. Same as Alcoranic. +Al7koOran6ist, n. Same as Alcoranist. +All (?), a. [OE. al, pl. alle, AS. eal, pl. ealle, +Northumbrian alle, akin to D. & OHG. al, Ger. all, Icel. +allr. Dan. al, Sw. all, Goth. alls; and perh. to Ir. and +Gael. uile, W. oll.] 1. The whole quantity, extent, +duration, amount, quality, or degree of; the whole; the +whole number of; any whatever; every; as, all the wheat; all +the land; all the year; all the strength; all happiness; all +abundance; loss of all power; beyond all doubt; you will see +us all (or all of us). +Prove all things: hold fast that which is good. +1 Thess. v. 21. +2. Any. [Obs.] =Without all remedy.8 +Shak. +5 When the definite article =the,8 or a possessive or a +demonstrative pronoun, is joined to the noun that all +qualifies, all precedes the article or the pronoun; as, all +the cattle; all my labor; all his wealth; all our families; +all your citizens; all their property; all other joys. +This word, not only in popular language, but in the +Scriptures, often signifies, indefinitely, a large portion +or number, or a great part. Thus, all the cattle in Egypt +died, all Judea and all the region round about Jordan, all +men held John as a prophet, are not to be understood in a +literal sense, but as including a large part, or very great +numbers. +3. Only; alone; nothing but. +I was born to speak all mirth and no matter. +Shak. +All the whole, the whole (emphatically). [Obs.] =All the +whole army.8 +Shak. +All, adv. 1. Wholly; completely; altogether; entirely; +quite; very; as, all bedewed; my friend is all for +amusement. =And cheeks all pale.8 +Byron. + + +<p. 40> + +5 In the ancient phrases, all too dear, all too much, all so +long, etc., this word retains its appropriate sense or +becomes intensive. +2. Even; just. (Often a mere intensive adjunct.) [Obs. or +Poet.] +All as his straying flock he fed. +Spenser. +A damsel lay deploring +All on a rock reclined. +Gay. +All to, or AllPto. In such phrases as =all to rent,8 all to +break,8 =allPto frozen,8 etc., which are of frequent +occurrence in our old authors, the all and the to have +commonly been regarded as forming a compound adverb, +equivalent in meaning to entirely, completely, altogether. +But the sense of entireness lies wholly in the word all (as +it does in =all forlorn,8 and similar expressions), and the +to properly belongs to the following word, being a kind of +intensive prefix (orig. meaning asunder and answering to the +LG. terO, HG. zerO). It is frequently to be met with in old +books, used without the all. Thus Wyclif says, =The vail of +the temple was to rent:8 and of Judas, =He was hanged and +toPburst the middle:8 i. e., burst in two, or asunder. P All +along. See under Along. P All and some, individually and +collectively, one and all. [Obs.] =Displeased all and some.8 +Fairfax. P All but. (a) Scarcely; not even. [Obs.] Shak. (b) +Almost; nearly.=The fine arts were all but proscribed.8 +Macaulay. P All hollow, entirely, completely; as, to beat +any one all hollow. [Low] P All one, the same thing in +effect; that is, wholly the same thing. P All over, over the +whole extent; thoroughly; wholly; as, she is her mother all +over. [Colloq.] P All the better, wholly the better; that +is, better by the whole difference. P All the same, +nevertheless. =There they [certain phenomena] remain rooted +all the same, whether we recognize them or not.8 J. C. +Shairp. =But Rugby is a very nice place all the same.8 T. +Arnold. P See also under All, n. + All (?), n. The whole number, quantity, or amount; the +entire thing; everything included or concerned; the +aggregate; the whole; totality; everything or every person; +as, our all is at stake. +Death, as the Psalmist saith, is certain to all. +Shak. +All that thou seest is mine. +Gen. xxxi. 43. +All is used with of, like a partitive; as, all of a thing, +all of us. +After all, after considering everything to the contrary; +nevertheless. P All in all, a phrase which signifies all +things to a person, or everything desired; (also +adverbially) wholly; altogether. +Thou shalt be all in all, and I in thee, +Forever. +Milton. + +Trust me not at all, or all in all. +Tennyson. + +All in the wind (Naut.), a phrase denoting that the sails +are parallel with the course of the wind, so as to shake. P +All told, all counted; in all. P And all, and the rest; and +everything connected. =Bring our crown and all.8 Shak. P At +all. (a) In every respect; wholly; thoroughly. [Obs.] =She +is a shrew at al(l).8 Chaucer. (b) A phrase much used by way +of enforcement or emphasis, usually in negative or +interrogative sentences, and signifying in any way or +respect; in the least degree or to the least extent; in the +least; under any circumstances; as, he has no ambition at +all; has he any property at all? =Nothing at all.8 Shak. =It +thy father at all miss me.8 1 Sam. xx. 6. P Over ~, +everywhere. [Obs.] Chaucer. +5 All is much used in composition to enlarge the meaning, or +add force to a word. In some instances, it is completely +incorporated into words, and its final consonant is dropped, +as in almighty, already, always: but, in most instances, it +is an adverb prefixed to adjectives or participles, but +usually with a hyphen, as, allPbountiful, allPglorious, +allimportant, allPsurrounding, etc. In others it is an +adjective; as, allpower, allPgiver. Anciently many words, +as, alabout, alaground, etc., were compounded with all, +which are now written separately. +All, conj. [Orig. all, adv., wholly: used with though or if, +which being dropped before the subjunctive left all as if in +the sense although.] Although; albeit. [Obs.] +All they were wondrous loth. +Spenser. +X Al7la bre6ve (?). [It., according to the breve.] (Old +Church Music) With one breve, or four minims, to measure, +and sung faster like four crotchets; in quick common time; P +indicated in the time signature by ?. +X Al6lah (?), n. [Ar., contr. fr. the article al the + ilah +God.] The name of the Supreme Being, in use among the Arabs +and the Mohammedans generally. +All7PaPmort6 (?), a. See Alamort. +Al6lanOite (?), n. [From T. Allan, who first distinguished +it as a species.] (min.) A silicate containing a large +amount of cerium. It is usually black in color, opaque, and +is related to epidote in form and composition. +Al7lanOto6ic (?)(?), a. [Cf. F. allanto que.] Pertaining to, +or contained in, the allantois. +Allantoic acid. (Chem.) See Allantoin. +AlOlan6toid (?), Al7lanOtoid6al (?), } a. [Gr. ? shaped like +a sausage; ? sausage + ? form.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to +the allantois. +X Al7lanOtoid6eOa (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zol.) The division of +Vertebrata in which the embryo develops an allantois. It +includes reptiles, birds, and mammals. +AlOlan6toOin (?), n. (Chem.) A crystalline, transparent, +colorless substance found in the allantoic liquid of the +fetal calf; P formerly called allantoic acid and amniotic +acid. +{ X AlOlan6toOis (?)(?), AlOlan6toid (?), } n. (Anat.) A +membranous appendage of the embryos of mammals, birds, and +reptiles, P in mammals serving to connect the fetus with the +parent; the urinary vesicle. +Al6laOtrate (?), v. i. [L. allatrare. See Latrate.] To bark +as a dog. [Obs.] +Stubbes. +AlOlay6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Allayed (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Allaying.] [OE. alaien, aleggen, to lay down, put down, +humble, put an end to, AS. >lecgan; >O (cf. Goth. usO, G. +erO, orig. meaning out) + lecgan to lay; but confused with +old forms of allege, alloy, alegge. See Lay.] 1. To make +quiet or put at rest; to pacify or appease; to quell; to +calm; as, to allay popular excitement; to allay the tumult +of the passions. +2. To alleviate; to abate; to mitigate; as, to allay the +severity of affliction or the bitterness of adversity. +It would allay the burning quality of that fell poison. +Shak. +Syn. - To alleviate; check; repress; assuage; appease; +abate; subdue; destroy; compose; soothe; calm; quiet. See +Alleviate. +AlOlay6 (?), v. t. To diminish in strength; to abate; to +subside. =When the rage allays.8 +Shak. +AlOlay6, n. Alleviation; abatement; check. [Obs.] +AlOlay6, n. Alloy. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AlOlay6, v. t. To mix (metals); to mix with a baser metal; +to alloy; to deteriorate. [Archaic] +Fuller. +AlOlay6er (?), n. One who, or that which, allays. +AlOlay6ment (?), n. An allaying; that which allays; +mitigation. [Obs.] +The like allayment could I give my grief. +Shak. +Al6leOcret (?), n. [OF. alecret, halecret, hallecret.] A +kind of light armor used in the sixteenth century, esp. by +the Swiss. +Fairholt. +AlOlect6 (?), v. t. [L. allectare, freq. of allicere, +allectum.] To allure; to entice. [Obs.] +Al7lecOta6tion (?), n. [L. allectatio.] Enticement; +allurement. [Obs.] +Bailey. +AlOlec6tive (?), a. [LL. allectivus.] Alluring. [Obs.] +AlOlec6tive, n. Allurement. [Obs.] +Jer. Taylor. +AlOledge6 (?)(?), v. t. See Allege. [Obs.] +5 This spelling, corresponding to abridge, was once the +prevailing one. +Al7leOga6tion (?), n. [L. allegatio, fr. allegare, +allegatum, to send a message, cite; later, to free by giving +reasons; ad + legare to send, commission. Cf. Allege and +Adlegation.] 1. The act of alleging or positively asserting. +2. That which is alleged, asserted, or declared; positive +assertion; formal averment +I thought their allegation but reasonable. +Steele. +3. (Law) A statement by a party of what he undertakes to +prove, P usually applied to each separate averment; the +charge or matter undertaken to be proved. +AlOlege6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Alleged (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Alleging.] [OE. aleggen to bring forward as evidence, OF. +esligier to buy, prop. to free from legal difficulties, fr. +an assumed LL. exlitigare; L. ex + litigare to quarrel, sue +(see Litigate). The word was confused with L. allegare (see +Allegation), and lex law. Cf. Allay.] 1. To bring forward +with positiveness; to declare; to affirm; to assert; as, to +allege a fact. +2. To cite or quote; as, to allege the authority of a judge. +[Archaic] +3. To produce or urge as a reason, plea, or excuse; as, he +refused to lend, alleging a resolution against lending. +Syn. - To bring forward; adduce; advance; assign; produce; +declare; affirm; assert; aver; predicate. +AlOlege6, v. t. [See Allay.] To alleviate; to lighten, as a +burden or a trouble. [Obs.] +Wyclif. +AlOlege6aOble (?), a. Capable of being alleged or affirmed. +The most authentic examples allegeable in the case. +South. +AlOlege6ance (?), n. Allegation. [Obs.] +AlOlege6ment (?), n. Allegation. [Obs.] +With many complaints and allegements. +Bp. Sanderson. +AlOleg6er (?), n. One who affirms or declares. +AlOlegge6 (?), v. t. See Alegge and Allay. [Obs.] +AlOle6giance (?), n. [OE. alegeaunce; pref. aO + OF. lige, +liege. The meaning was influenced by L. ligare to bind, and +even by lex, legis, law. See Liege, Ligeance.] 1. The tie or +obligation, implied or expressed, which a subject owes to +his sovereign or government; the duty of fidelity to one's +king, government, or state. +2. Devotion; loyalty; as, allegiance to science. +Syn. - Loyalty; fealty. P Allegiance, Loyalty. These words +agree in expressing the general idea of fidelity and +attachment to the =powers that be.8 Allegiance is an +obligation to a ruling power. Loyalty is a feeling or +sentiment towards such power. Allegiance may exist under any +form of government, and, in a republic, we generally speak +of allegiance to the government, to the state, etc. In well +conducted monarchies, loyalty is a warmPhearted feeling of +fidelity and obedience to the sovereign. It is personal in +its nature; and hence we speak of the loyalty of a wife to +her husband, not of her allegiance. In cases where we +personify, loyalty is more commonly the word used; as, +loyalty to the constitution; loyalty to the cause of virtue; +loyalty to truth and religion, etc. +Hear me, recreant, on thine allegiance hear me! +Shak. +So spake the Seraph Abdiel, faithful found,... +Unshaken, unseduced, unterrified, +His loyalty he kept, his love, his zeal. +Milton. + +AlOle6giant (?), a. Loyal. +Shak. +Al7leOgor6ic (?), Al7leOgor6icOal (?), } a. [F. allgorique, +L. allegorius, fr. Gr. ?. See Allegory.] Belonging to, or +consisting of, allegory; of the nature of an allegory; +describing by resemblances; figurative. =An allegoric tale.8 +Falconer. =An allegorical application.8 Pope. +Allegorical being... that kind of language which says one +thing, but means another. +Max Miller. +P Al7leOgor6icOalOly, adv. P Al7leOgor6icOalOness, n. +Al6leOgoOrist (?), n. [Cf. F. allegoriste.] One who +allegorizes; a writer of allegory. +Hume. +Al7leOgor6iOza6tion (?), n. The act of turning into +allegory, or of understanding in an allegorical sense. +Al6leOgoOrize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Allegorized (?); p. +pr. & vb. n. Allegorizing.] [Cf. F. allgoriser, fr. L. +allegorizare.] 1. To form or turn into allegory; as, to +allegorize the history of a people. +2. To treat as allegorical; to understand in an allegorical +sense; as, when a passage in a writer may understood +literally or figuratively, he who gives it a figurative +sense is said to allegorize it. +Al6leOgoOrize, v. t. To use allegory. +Holland. +Al6leOgoOri7zer (?), n. One who allegorizes, or turns things +into allegory; an allegorist. +Al6leOgoOry (?), n.; pl. Allegories (?). [L. allegoria, Gr. +?, description of one thing under the image of another; ? +other + ? to speak in the assembly, harangue, ? place of +assembly, fr. ? to assemble: cf. F. allgorie.] 1. A +figurative sentence or discourse, in which the principal +subject is described by another subject resembling it in its +properties and circumstances. The real subject is thus kept +out of view, and we are left to collect the intentions of +the writer or speaker by the resemblance of the secondary to +the primary subject. +2. Anything which represents by suggestive resemblance; an +emblem. +3. (Paint. & Sculpt.) A figure representation which has a +meaning beyond notion directly conveyed by the object +painted or sculptured. +Syn. - Metaphor; fable. P Allegory, Parable. =An allegory +differs both from fable and parable, in that the properties +of persons are fictitiously represented as attached to +things, to which they are as it were transferred. ...A +figure of Peace and Victory crowning some historical +personage is an allegory. =I am the Vine, ye are the +branches8 [John xv. 1P6] is a spoken allegory. In the +parable there is no transference of properties. The parable +of the sower [Matt. xiii. 3P23] represents all things as +according to their proper nature. In the allegory quoted +above the properties of the vine and the relation of the +branches are transferred to the person of Christ and Hi? +apostles and disciples.8 +C. J. Smith. +An allegory is a prolonged metaphor. Bunyan's =Pilgrim's +Progress8 and Spenser's =Fa rie Queene8 are celebrated +examples of the allegory. +X Al7le7gresse6 (?), n. [F. allgresse, fr. L. alacer +sprightly.] Joy; gladsomeness. +X Al7leOgret6to (?), a. [It., dim. of allegro.] (Mus.) +Quicker than andante, but not so quick as allegro. P n. A +movement in this time. +X AlOle6gro (?), a. [It., merry, gay, fr. L. alacer lively. +Cf. Aleger.] (Mus.) Brisk, lively. P n. An ~ movement; a +quick, sprightly strain or piece. +Al7leOlu6is, Al7leOlu6iah } (?), n. [L. alleluia, Gr. ?, fr. +Heb. hall?l?Py>h. See Hallelujah.] An exclamation signifying +Praise ye Jehovah. Hence: A song of praise to God. See +Hallelujah, the commoner form. +I heard a great voice of much people in heaven, saying, +Alleluia. +Rev. xix. 1. +X Al6leOmande6 (?), n. [F., fr. allemand German.] 1. (Mus.) +A dance in moderate twofold time, invented by the French in +the reign of Louis XIV.; P now mostly found in suites of +pieces, like those of Bach and Handel. +2. A figure in dancing. +Al7leOman6nic (?), a. See Alemannic. +AlOlen6arOly (?), adv. [All + anerly singly, fr. ane one.] +Solely; only. [Scot.] +Sir W. Scott. +Al6ler (?), a. [For ealra, the AS. gen. pl. of eal all.] +Same as Alder, of all. [Obs.] +Chaucer. + +X AlOle6riOon (?), n. [F. alrion, LL. alario a sort of +eagle; of uncertain origin.] (Her.) Am eagle without beak or +feet, with expanded wings. +Burke. +AlOle6viOate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Alleviated; p. pr. & +vb. n. Alleviating.] [LL. alleviare, fr. L. ad + levis +light. See Alegge, Levity.] 1. To lighten or lessen the +force or weight of. [Obs. in a literal or general sense.] +Should no others join capable to alleviate the expense. +Evelyn. +Those large bladders... conduce much to the alleviating of +the body [of flying birds]. +Ray. +2. To lighten or lessen (physical or mental troubles); to +mitigate, or make easier to be endured; as, to alleviate +sorrow, pain, care, etc.; P opposed to aggravate. +The calamity of the want of the sense of hearing is much +alleviated by giving the use of letters. +Bp. Horsley. +3. To extenuate; to palliate. [R.] +He alleviates his fault by an excuse. +Johnson. +Syn. - To lessen; diminish; soften; mitigate; assuage; +abate; relieve; nullify; allay. P To Alleviate, Mitigate, +Assuage, Allay. These words have in common the idea of +relief from some painful state; and being all figurative, +they differ in their application, according to the image +under which this idea is presented. Alleviate supposes a +load which is lightened or taken off; as,, to alleviate +one's cares. Mitigate supposes something fierce which is +made mild; as, to mitigate one's anguish. Assuage supposes +something violent which is quieted; as, to assuage one's +sorrow. Allay supposes something previously excited, but now +brought down; as, to allay one's suffering or one's thirst. +To alleviate the distresses of life; to mitigate the +fierceness of passion or the violence of grief; to assuage +angry feeling; to allay wounded sensibility. +AlOle7viOa6tion (?), n. [LL. alleviatio.] 1. The act of +alleviating; a lightening of weight or severity; mitigation; +relief. + +<-- p. 41 --> + + <-- p. 41 --> +2. That which mitigates, or makes more tolerable. +I have not wanted such alleviations of life as friendship +could supply. +Johnson. +AlOle6viOaOtive (?), a. Tending to alleviate. P n. That +which alleviates. +AlOle6viOa7tor (?), n. One who, or that which, alleviaties. +AlOle6viOaOtoOry (?), a. Alleviative. +Carlyle. +Al6ley (?), n.; pl. Alleys (?). [OE. aley, alley, OF. ale, +F. alle, a going, passage, fr. OE. aler, F. aller, to go; +of uncertain origin: cf. Prov. anar, It. andare, Sp. andar.] +1. A narrow passage; especially a walk or passage in a +garden or park, bordered by rows of trees or bushes; a +bordered way. +I know each lane and every alley green. +Milton. + +2. A narrow passage or way in a city, as distinct from a +public street. +Gay. +3. A passageway between rows of pews in a church. +4. (Persp.) Any passage having the entrance represented as +wider than the exit, so as to give the appearance of length. +5. The space between two rows of compositors' stands in a +printing office. +Al6ley, n.; pl. Alleys (?). [A contraction of alabaster, of +which it was originally made.] A choice taw or marble. +Dickens. +Al6leyed (?), a. Furnished with alleys; forming an alley. +=An alleyed walk.8 +Sir W. Scott. +Al6leyOway7 (?), n. An alley. +All6 Fools' Day7 (?). The first day of April, a day on which +sportive impositions are practiced. +The first of April, some do say, +Is set apart for All Fools' Day. +Poor Robin's Almanack (1760). +All7fours6 (?). [All + four (cards).] A game at cards, +called =High, Low, Jack, and the Game.8 +All7 fours6 [formerly, All7 four6.] All four legs of a +quadruped; or the two legs and two arms of a person. +To be, go, or run, on all fours (Fig.), to be on the same +footing; to correspond (with) exactly; to be alike in all +the circumstances to be considered. =This example is on all +fours with the other.8 No simile can go on all fours.8 +Macaulay. +All7 hail6 (?)(?). [All + hail, interj.] All health; P a +phrase of salutation or welcome. +All7Phail6, v. t. To salute; to greet. [Poet.] +Whiles I stood rapt in the wonder of it, came missives from +the king, who allPhailed me =Thane of Cawdor.8 +Shak. +All7hal6lond (?), n. Allhallows. [Obs.] +Shak. +{ All7hal6low (?), All7hal6lows (?), } n. 1. All the saints +(in heaven). [Obs.] +2. All Saints' Day, November 1st. [Archaic] +<-- All Hallows Eve = Halloween, Dec. 31 st. --> +All7hal6low (?). The evening before Allhallows. See +Halloween. +All7hal6lowOmas (?), n. The feast of All Saints. +All7hal6lown (?), a. Of or pertaining to the time of +Allhallows. [Obs.] =Allhallown summer.8 Shak. (i. e., late +summer; =Indian Summer8). +All7hal6lowOtide7 (?), n. [AS. tFd time.] The time at or +near All Saints, or November 1st. +All6heal (?), n. A name popularly given to the officinal +valerian, and to some other plants. +AlOli6aOble (?), a. Able to enter into alliance. +Al7liOa6ceous (?), a. Of or pertaining to the genus Allium, +or garlic, onions, leeks, etc.; having the smell or taste of +garlic or onions. +AlOli6ance (?), n. [OE. aliaunce, OF. aliance, F. alliance, +fr. OF. alier, F. allier. See Ally, and cf. LL. alligantia.] +1. The state of being allied; the act of allying or uniting; +a union or connection of interests between families, states, +parties, etc., especially between families by marriage and +states by compact, treaty, or league; as, matrimonial +alliances; an alliance between church and state; an alliance +between France and England. +2. Any union resembling that of families or states; union by +relationship in qualities; affinity. +The alliance of the principles of the world with those of +the gospel. +C. J. Smith. +The alliance... between logic and metaphysics. +Mansel. +3. The persons or parties allied. +Udall. +Syn. - Connection; affinity; union; confederacy; +confederation; league; coalition. +AlOli6ance, v. t. To connect by alliance; to ally. [Obs.] +AlOli6ant (?), n. [Cf. F. alliant, p. pr.] An ally; a +confederate. [Obs. & R.] +Sir H. Wotton. +{ Al6lice, Al6lis } (?), n. (Zol.) The European shad +(Clupea vulgaris); allice shad. See Alose. +AlOli6cienOcy (?), n. Attractive power; attractiveness. +[Obs.] +Sir T. Browne. +AlOli6cient (?), a. [L. alliciens, p. pr. of allicere to +allure; ad + lacere to entice.] That attracts; attracting. P +n. That attracts. [Rare or Obs.] +AlOlied6 (?), a. United; joined; leagued; akin; related. See +Ally. +AlOliOgate (?), v. t. [L. alligatus, p. p. of alligare. See +Ally.] To tie; to unite by some tie. +Instincts alligated to their nature. +Sir M. Hale. +Al7liOga6tion (?), n. [L. alligatio.] 1. The act of tying +together or attaching by some bond, or the state of being +attached. [R.] +2. (Arith.) A rule relating to the solution of questions +concerning the compounding or mixing of different +ingredients, or ingredients of different qualities or +values. +5 The rule is named from the method of connecting together +the terms by certain ligaturePlike signs. Alligation is of +two kinds, medial and alternate; medial teaching the method +of finding the price or quality of a mixture of several +simple ingredients whose prices and qualities are known; +alternate, teaching the amount of each of several simple +ingredients whose prices or qualities are known, which will +be required to make a mixture of given price or quality. +Al6liOga7tor (?), n. [Sp. el lagarto the lizard (el lagarto +de Indias, the cayman or American crocodile), fr. L. +lacertus, lacerta, lizard. See Lizard.] 1. (Zol.) A large +carnivorous reptile of the Crocodile family, peculiar to +America. It has a shorter and broader snout than the +crocodile, and the large teeth of the lower jaw shut into +pits in the upper jaw, which has no marginal notches. +Besides the common species of the southern United States, +there are allied species in South America. +2. (Mech.) Any machine with strong jaws, one of which opens +like the movable jaw of an alligator; as, (a) (Metal +Working) a form of squeezer for the puddle ball; (b) +(Mining) a rock breaker; (c) (Printing) a kind of job press, +called also alligator press. +Alligator apple (Bot.), the fruit of the Anona palustris, a +West Indian tree. It is said to be narcotic in its +properties. Loudon. P Alligator fish (Zol.), a marine fish +of northwestern America (Podothecus acipenserinus). P +Alligator gar (Zol.), one of the gar pikes (Lepidosteus +spatula) found in the southern rivers of the United States. +The name is also applied to other species of gar pikes. P +Alligator pear (Bot.), a corruption of Avocado pear. See +Avocado. P Alligator snapper, Alligator tortoise, Alligator +turtle (Zol.), a very large and voracious turtle +(Macrochelys lacertina) in habiting the rivers of the +southern United States. It sometimes reaches the weight of +two hundred pounds. Unlike the common snapping turtle, to +which the name is sometimes erroneously applied, it has a +scaly head and many small scales beneath the tail. This name +is sometimes given to other turtles, as to species of +Trionyx. P Alligator wood, the timber of a tree of the West +Indies (Guarea Swartzii). +AlOlign6ment (?), n. See Alignment. +AlOlin6eOate (?), v. t. [L. ad + lineatus, p. p. of lineare +to draw a line.] To align. [R.] +Herschel. +{ AlOlin7eOa6tion (?), AOline7eOa6tion (?), } n. Alignment; +position in a straight line, as of two planets with the sun. +Whewell. +The allineation of the two planets. +C. A. Young. +AlOli6sion (?), n. [L. allisio, fr. allidere, to strike or +dash against; ad + laedere to dash against.] The act of +dashing against, or striking upon. +The boisterous allision of the sea. +Woodward. +AlOlit6erOal (?), a. Pertaining to, or characterized by +alliteration. +AlOlit6erOate (?), v. t. To employ or place so as to make +alliteration. +Skeat. +AlOlit6erOate, v. i. To compose alliteratively; also, to +constitute alliteration. +AlOlit7erOa6tion (?), n. [L. ad + litera letter. See +Letter.] The repetition of the same letter at the beginning +of two or more words immediately succeeding each other, or +at short intervals; as in the following lines: P +Behemoth, biggest born of earth, upheaved +His vastness. +Milton. +Fly o'er waste fens and windy fields. +Tennyson. +5 The recurrence of the same letter in accented parts of +words is also called alliteration. AngloPSaxon poetry is +characterized by alliterative meter of this sort. Later +poets also employed it. +In a somer seson whan soft was the sonne, +I shope me in shroudes as I a shepe were. +P. Plowman. +AlOlit6erOaOtive (?; 277), a. Pertaining to, or +characterized by, alliteration; as, alliterative poetry. P +AlOlit6erOaOtiveOly, adv. P AlOlit6er OaOtiveOness, n. +AlOlit6erOa7tor (?), n. One who alliterates. +X Al6liOum (?), n. [L., garlic.] (bot.) A genus of plants, +including the onion, garlic, leek, chive, etc. +All6mouth7 (?), n. (Zol.) The angler. +All6ness (?), n. Totality; completeness. [R.] +The allness of God, including his absolute spirituality, +supremacy, and eternity. +R. Turnbull. +All6night7 (?), n. Light, fuel, or food for the whole night. +[Obs.] +Bacon. +Al6loOcate (?), v. t. [LL. allocatus, p. p. of allocare, fr. +L. ad + locare to place. See Allow.] 1. To distribute or +assign; to allot. +Burke. +2. To localize. [R.] +Al7loOca6tion (?), n. [LL. allocatio: cf. F. allocation.] 1. +The act of putting one thing to another; a placing; +disposition; arrangement. +Hallam. +2. An allotment or apportionment; as, an allocation of +shares in a company. +The allocation of the particular portions of Palestine to +its successive inhabitants. +A. R. Stanley. +3. The admission of an item in an account, or an allowance +made upon an account; P a term used in the English +exchequer. +X Al7loOca6tur (?), n. [LL., it is allowed, fr. allocare to +allow.] (Law) =Allowed.8 The word allocatur expresses the +allowance of a proceeding, writ, order, etc., by a court, +judge, or judicial officer. +Al7loOchro6ic (?), a. Changeable in color. +AlOloch6roOite (?), n. (Min.) See Garnet. +AlOloch6roOous (?), a. [Gr. ? changed in color, fr. ? other ++ ? color.] Changing color. +Al7loOcu6tion (?), n. [L. allocuto, fr. alloqui to speak to; +ad + loqui to speak: cf. F. allocution.] 1. The act or +manner of speaking to, or of addressing in words. +2. An address; a hortatory or authoritative address as of a +pope to his clergy. +Addison. +Al6lod (?), n. See Allodium. +AlOlo6diOal (?), a. [LL. allodialis, fr. allodium: cf. F. +allodial. See Allodium.] (Law) Pertaining to allodium; +freehold; free of rent or service; held independent of a +lord paramount; P opposed to feudal; as, allodial lands; +allodial system. +Blackstone. +AlOlo6diOal, a. Anything held allodially. +W. Coxe. +AlOlo6diOalOism (?), n. The allodial system. +AlOlo6iOalOist, n. One who holds allodial land. +AlOlo6diOalOly, adv. By allodial tenure. +AlOlo6diOaOry (?), n. One who holds an allodium. +AlOlo6diOum (?), n. [LL. allodium, alodium, alodis, alaudis, +of Ger. origin; cf. OHG. al all, and ?t (AS. e>d) +possession, property. It means, therefore, entirely one's +property.] (Law) Freehold estate; land which is the absolute +property of the owner; real estate held in absolute +independence, without being subject to any rent, service, or +acknowledgment to a superior. It is thus opposed to feud. +Blackstone. Bouvier. +AlOlog6aOmous (?), a. (Bot.) Characterized by allogamy. +AlOlog6aOmy (?)(?) n. [Gr. ? other + ? marriage.] (Bot.) +Fertilization of the pistil of a plant by pollen from +another of the same species; crossPfertilization. +Al7loOge6neOous (?), a. [Gr. ?.] Different in nature or +kind. [R.] +Al6loOgraph (?), n. [Gr. ? another + Ograph.] A writing or +signature made by some person other than any of the parties +thereto; P opposed to autograph. +<-- Allomer; Allomeric --> +AlOlom6erOism (?), n. [Gr. ? other + ? part.] (Chem.) +Variability in chemical constitution without variation in +crystalline form. +AlOlom6erOous (?), a. (Chem.) Characterized by allomerism. +Al6loOmorph (?), n. [Gr. ? other + ? form.] (Min.) (a) Any +one of two or more distinct crystalline forms of the same +substance; or the substance having such forms; P as, +carbonate of lime occurs in the allomorphs calcite and +aragonite. (b) A variety of pseudomorph which has undergone +partial or complete change or substitution of material; P +thus limonite is frequently an allomorph after pyrite. +G. H. Williams. +Al7loOmor6phic (?), a. (Min.) Of or pertaining to +allomorphism. +Al7loOmor6phism (?), n. (Min.) The property which +constitutes an allomorph; the change involved in becoming an +allomorph. +AlOlonge6 (?), n. [F. allonge, earlier alonge, a +lengthening. See Allonge, v., and cf. Lunge.] 1. (Fencing) A +thrust or pass; a lunge. +2. A slip of paper attached to a bill of exchange for +receiving indorsements, when the back of the bill itself is +already full; a rider. [A French usage] +Abbott. +AlOlomge6, v. i. [F. allonger; (L. ad) + long (L. longus) +long.] To thrust with a sword; to lunge. +Al6loOnym (?), n. [F. allonyme, fr. Gr. ? other + ? name.] +1. The name of another person assumed by the author of a +work. +2. A work published under the name of some one other than +the author. +AlOlon6yOmous (?), a. Published under the name of some one +other than the author. +AlOloo6 (?), v. t. or i. [See Halloo.] To incite dogs by a +call; to halloo. [Obs.] +Al6loOpath (?), n. [Cf. F. allopathe.] An allopathist. +Ed. Rev. +Al7loOpath6ic (?), a. [Cf. F. allopathique.] Of or +pertaining to allopathy. +Al7loOpath6icOalOly (?), adv. In a manner conformable to +allopathy; by allopathic methods. +AlOlop6aOthist (?), n. One who practices allopathy; one who +professes allopathy. +AlOlop6aOthy (?), n. [Gr. ? other + ? suffering, ?, ?, to +suffer: cf. G. allopathie, F. allopathie. See Pathos.] That +system of medical practice which aims to combat disease by +the use of remedies which produce effects different from +those produced by the special disease treated; P a term +invented by Hahnemann to designate the ordinary practice, as +opposed to homeopathy. +{ Al7loOphyl6ic (?), Al7loOphyl6iOan (?), } a. [Gr. ? of +another tribe; ? other + ? class or tribe.] Pertaining to a +race or a language neither Aryan nor Semitic. +J. Prichard. +Al6loOquy (?), n. [L. alloquim, fr. alloqui.] A speaking to +another; an address. [Obs.] +AlOlot6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Allotted; p. pr. & vb. n. +Allotting.] [OF. aloter, F. allotir; a (L. ad) + lot lot. +See Lot.] 1. To distribute by lot. +2. To distribute, or parcel out in parts or portions; or to +distribute to each individual concerned; to assign as a +share or lot; to set apart as one's share; to bestow on; to +grant; to appoint; as, let every man be contented with that +which Providence allots him. +Ten years I will allot to the attainment of knowledge. +Johnson. +Al6loOtheOism (?), n. [Gr. ? other + ? god.] The worship of +strange gods. +Jer. Taylor. +AlOlot6ment (?), n. [Cf. OF. alotement, F. allotement.] 1. +The act of allotting; assignment. +2. That which is allotted; a share, part, or portion granted +or distributed; that which is assigned by lot, or by the act +of God; anything set apart for a special use or to a +distinct party. +The alloments of God and nature. +L'Estrange. +A vineyard and an allotment for olives and herbs. +Broome. +3. (law) The allowance of a specific amount of scrip or of a +particular thing to a particular person. +Cottage allotment, an allotment of a small portion of land +to a country laborer for garden cultivation. [Eng.] + + + <-- P. 42 --> + +Al7loOtriOoph6aOgy (?), n. [Gr. ? strange + ? to eat: cf. F. +allotriophagie.] (Med.) A depraved appetite; a desire for +improper food. +{ Al7loOtrop6ic (?), Al7loOtrop6icOal (?), } a. [Cf. F. +allotropique.] Of or pertaining to allotropism. P +Al7loOtrop6icOalOly, adv. +Allotropic state, the several conditions which occur in a +case of allotropism. +AlOlot7roOpic6iOty (?), n. Allotropic property or nature. +{ AlOlot6roOpism (?), AlOlot6roOpy (?), } n. [Gr. ? other + +direction, way, ? to turn: cf. F. allotropie.] (Chem.) The +property of existing in two or more conditions which are +distinct in their physical or chemical relations. +5 Thus, carbon occurs crystallized in octahedrons and other +related forms, in a state of extreme hardness, in the +diamond; it occurs in hexagonal forms, and of little +hardness, in black lead; and again occurs in a third form, +with entire softness, in lampblack and charcoal. In some +cases, one of these is peculiarly an active state, and the +other a passive one. Thus, ozone is an active state of +oxygen, and is distinct from ordinary oxygen, which is the +element in its passive state. +AlOlot6roOpize (?), v. t. To change in physical properties +but not in substance. [R.] +AlOlot6taOble (?), a. Capable of being allotted. +AlOlot7tee6 (?), n. One to whom anything is allotted; one to +whom an allotment is made. +AlOlot6ter (?), n. One who allots. +AlOlot6terOy (?), n. Allotment. [Obs.] +Shak. +AlOlow6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Allowed (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Allowing.] [OE. alouen, OF. alouer, aloer, aluer, F. +allouer, fr. LL. allocare to admit as proved, to place, use; +confused with OF. aloer, fr. L. allaudare to extol; ad + +laudare to praise. See Local, and cf. Allocate, Laud.] 1. To +praise; to approve of; hence, to sanction. [Obs. or Archaic] + +Ye allow the deeds of your fathers. +Luke xi. 48. +We commend his pains, condemn his pride, allow his life, +approve his learning. +Fuller. +2. To like; to be suited or pleased with. [Obs.] +How allow you the model of these clothes? +Massinger. +3. To sanction; to invest; to intrust. [Obs.] +Thou shalt be... allowed with absolute power. +Shak. +4. To grant, give, admit, accord, afford, or yield; to let +one have; as, to allow a servant his liberty; to allow a +free passage; to allow one day for rest. +He was allowed about three hundred pounds a year. +Macaulay. +5. To own or acknowledge; to accept as true; to concede; to +accede to an opinion; as, to allow a right; to allow a +claim; to allow the truth of a proposition. +I allow, with Mrs. Grundy and most moralists, that Miss +Newcome's conduct... was highly reprehensible. +Thackeray. +6. To grant (something) as a deduction or an addition; esp. +to abate or deduct; as, to allow a sum for leakage. +7. To grant license to; to permit; to consent to; as, to +allow a son to be absent. +Syn. - To allot; assign; bestow; concede; admit; permit; +suffer; tolerate. See Permit. +AlOlow6, v. i. To admit; to concede; to make allowance or +abatement. +Allowing still for the different ways of making it. +Addison. +To allow of, to permit; to admit. +Shak. +AlOlow6aOble (?), a. [F. allouable.] 1. Praiseworthy; +laudable. [Obs.] +Hacket. +2. Proper to be, or capable of being, allowed; permissible; +admissible; not forbidden; not unlawful or improper; as, a +certain degree of freedom is allowable among friends. +AlOlow6aObleOness, n. The quality of being allowable; +permissibleness; lawfulness; exemption from prohibition or +impropriety. +South. +AlOlow6aObly, adv. In an allowable manner. +AlOlow6ance (?), n. [OF. alouance.] 1. Approval; +approbation. [Obs.] +Crabbe. +2. The act of allowing, granting, conceding, or admitting; +authorization; permission; sanction; tolerance. +Without the king's will or the state's allowance. +Shak. +3. Acknowledgment. +The censure of the which one must in your allowance +o'erweigh a whole theater of others. +Shak. +4. License; indulgence. [Obs.] +Locke. +5. That which is allowed; a share or portion allotted or +granted; a sum granted as a reimbursement, a bounty, or as +appropriate for any purpose; a stated quantity, as of food +or drink; hence, a limited quantity of meat and drink, when +provisions fall short. +I can give the boy a handsome allowance. +Thackeray. +6. Abatement; deduction; the taking into account of +mitigating circumstances; as, to make allowance for the +inexperience of youth. +After making the largest allowance for fraud. +Macaulay. +7. (com.) A customary deduction from the gross weight of +goods, different in different countries, such as tare and +tret. +AlOlow6ance, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Allowancing (?).] [See +Allowance, n.] To put upon a fixed ~ (esp. of provisions and +drink); to supply in a fixed and limited quantity; as, the +captain was obliged to allowance his crew; our provisions +were allowanced. +AlOlow6edOly (?)(?) adv. By allowance; admittedly. +Shenstone. +AlOlow6er (?), n. 1. An approver or abettor. [Obs.] +2. One who allows or permits. +AlOlox6an (?), n. [Allantoin + oxalic, as containing the +elements of allantion and oxalic acid.] (Chem.) An oxidation +product of uric acid. It is of a pale reddish color, readily +soluble in water or alcohol. +AlOlox6aOnate (?), n. (Chem.) A combination of alloxanic +acid and a base or base or positive radical. +Al7loxOan6ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to alloxan; P +applied to an acid obtained by the action of soluble +alkalies on alloxan. +Al7loxOan6tin (?), n. (Chem.) A substance produced by acting +upon uric with warm and very dilute nitric acid. +AlOloy6 , n. [OE. alai, OF. alei, F. aloyer, to alloy, alier +to ally. See Alloy, v. t.] 1. Any combination or compound of +metals fused together; a mixture of metals; for example, +brass, which is an alloy of copper and zinc. But when +mercury is one of the metals, the compound is called an +amalgam. +2. The quality, or comparative purity, of gold or silver; +fineness. +3. A baser metal mixed with a finer. +Fine silver is silver without the mixture of any baser +metal. Alloy is baser metal mixed with it. +Locke. +4. Admixture of anything which lessens the value or detracts +from; as, no happiness is without alloy. =Pure English +without Latin alloy.8 +F. Harrison. +AlOloy6, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Alloyed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. +Alloying.] [ F. aloyer, OF. alier, allier, later allayer, +fr. L. aligare. See Alloy, n., Ally, v. t., and cf. Allay.] +1. To reduce the purity of by mixing with a less valuable +substance; as, to alloy gold with silver or copper, or +silver with copper. +2. To mix, as metals, so as to form a compound. +3. To abate, impair, or debase by mixture; to allay; as, to +alloy pleasure with misfortunes. +AlOloy6, v. t. To form a metallic compound. +Gold and iron alloy with ease. +Ure. +AlOloy6age (?), n. [F. aloyage.] The act or art of alloying +metals; also, the combination or alloy. +All7PposOsessed6 (?), a. Controlled by an evil spirit or by +evil passions; wild. [Colloq.] +{ All6 Saints7 (?), All6 Saints' (?), } The first day of +November, called, also, Allhallows or Hallowmas; a feast day +kept in honor of all the saints; also, the season of this +festival. +All6 Souls' Day7 (?). The second day of November; a feast +day of the Roman Catholic church., on which supplications +are made for the souls of the faithful dead. +All6spice7 (?), n. The berry of the pimento (Eugenia +pimenta), a tree of the West Indies; a spice of a mildly +pungent taste, and agreeably aromatic; Jamaica pepper; +pimento. It has been supposed to combine the flavor of +cinnamon, nutmegs, and cloves; and hence the name. The name +is also given to other aromatic shrubs; as, the Carolina +allspice (Calycanthus floridus); wild allspice (Lindera +benzoin), called also spicebush, spicewood, and feverbush. +All7thing7 (?), adv. [For in all (= every) thing.] +Altogether. [Obs.] +Shak. +AlOlude6 (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Alluded; p. pr. & vb. n. +Alluding.] [L. alludere to play with, to allude; ad + ludere +to play.] To refer to something indirectly or by suggestion; +to have reference to a subject not specifically and plainly +mentioned; P followed by to; as, the story alludes to a +recent transaction. +These speeches... do seem to allude unto such ministerial +garments as were then in use. +Hooker. +Syn. - To refer; point; indicate; hint; suggest; intimate; +signify; insinuate; advert. See Refer. +AlOlude6, v. t. To compare allusively; to refer (something) +as applicable. [Obs.] +Wither. +X Al7lu7mette (?), n. [F., from allumer to light.] A match +for lighting candles, lamps, etc. +AlOlu6miOnor (?), n. [OF. alumineor, fr. L. ad + liminare. +See Luminate.] An illuminator of manuscripts and books; a +limner. [Obs.] +Cowell. +AlOlur6ance (?), n. Allurement. [R.] +AlOlure6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Alluded (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Alluring.] [OF. aleurrer, alurer, fr. a (L. ad) + leurre +lure. See Lure.] To attempt to draw; to tempt by a lure or +bait, that is, by the offer of some good, real or apparent; +to invite by something flattering or acceptable; to entice; +to attract. +With promised joys allured them on. +Falconer. +The golden sun in splendor likest Heaven +Allured his eye. +Milton. +Syn. - To attract; entice; tempt; decoy; seduce. P To +Allure, Entice, Decoy, Seduce. These words agree in the idea +of acting upon the mind by some strong controlling +influence, and differ according to the image under which is +presented. They are all used in a bad sense, except allure, +which has sometimes (though rarely) a good one. We are +allured by the prospect or offer (usually deceptive) of some +future good. We are commonly enticed into evil by appeals to +our passions. We are decoyed into danger by false +appearances or representations. We are seduced when drawn +aside from the path of rectitude. What allures draws by +gentle means; what entices leads us by promises and +persuasions; what decoys betrays us, as it were, into a +snare or net; what seduces deceives us by artful appeals to +the passions. +AlOlure6, n. Allurement. [R.] +Hayward. +X Al7lure6 (?), n. [F.; aller to go.] Gait; bearing. +The swing, the gait, the pose, the allure of these men. +Harper's Mag. +AlOlure6ment (?), n. 1. The act alluring; temptation; +enticement. +Though Adam by his wife's allurement fell. +Milton. + +2. That which allures; any real or apparent good held forth, +or operating, as a motive to action; as, the allurements of +pleasure, or of honor. +AlOlur6er (?), n. One who, or that which, allures. +AlOlur6ing, a. That allures; attracting; charming; tempting. +P AlOlur6ingOly, adv. P AlOlur6ingOness, n. +AlOlu6sion (?), n. [L. allusio, fr. alludere to allude: cf. +F. allusion.] 1. A figurative or symbolical reference. +[Obs.] +2. A reference to something supposed to be known, but not +explicitly mentioned; a covert indication; indirect +reference; a hint. +AlOlu6sive (?), a. 1. Figurative; symbolical. +2. Having reference to something not fully expressed; +containing an allusion. +AlOlu6siveOly, adv. Figuratively [Obs.]; by way of allusion; +by implication, suggestion, or insinuation. +AlOlu6siveOness, n. The quality of being allusive. +AlOlu6soOry (?), a. Allusive. [R.] +Warburton. +AlOlu6viOal (?), a. [Cf. F. alluvial. See Alluvion.] +Pertaining to, contained in, or composed of, alluvium; +relating to the deposits made by flowing water; washed away +from one place and deposited in another; as, alluvial soil, +mud, accumulations, deposits. +AlOlu6viOon (?), n. [F. alluvion, L. alluvio, fr. alluere to +wash against; ad + luere, equiv. to lavare, to wash. See +Lave.] 1. Wash or flow of water against the shore or bank. +2. An overflowing; an inundation; a flood. +Lyell. +3. Matter deposited by an inundation or the action of +flowing water; alluvium. +The golden alluvions are there [in California and +Australia] spread over a far wider space: they are found not +only on the banks of rivers, and in their beds, but are +scattered over the surface of vast plains. +R. Cobden. +4. (Law) An accession of land gradually washed to the shore +or bank by the flowing of water. See Accretion.] +AlOlu6viOous (?), n. [L. alluvius. See Alluvion.] Alluvial. +[R.] +Johnson. +AlOlu6viOum (?), n.; pl. E. Alluviums, L. Alluvia (?). [L., +neut. of alluvius. See Alluvious.] (Geol.) Deposits of +earth, sand, gravel, and other transported matter, made by +rivers, floods, or other causes, upon land not permanently +submerged beneath the waters of lakes or seas. +Lyell. +All6where7 (?), adv. Everywhere. [Archaic] +All6work7 (?), n. Domestic or other work of all kinds; as, a +maid of allwork, that is, a general servant. +AlOly6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Allied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. +Allying.] [OE. alien, OF. alier, F. alier, fr. L. alligare +to bind to; ad + ligare to bind. Cf. Alligate, Alloy, Allay, +Ligament.] 1. To unite, or form a connection between, as +between families by marriage, or between princes and states +by treaty, league, or confederacy; P often followed by to or +with. +O chief! in blood, and now in arms allied. +Pope. +2. To connect or form a relation between by similitude, +resemblance, friendship, or love. +These three did love each other dearly well, +And with so firm affection were allied. +Spenser. +The virtue nearest to our vice allied. +Pope. +5 Ally is generally used in the passive form or reflexively. +AlOly6 (?), n.; pl. Allies (?). [See Ally, v.] 1. A +relative; a kinsman. [Obs.] +Shak. +2. One united to another by treaty or league; P usually +applied to sovereigns or states; a confederate. +The English soldiers and their French allies. +Macaulay. +3. Anything associated with another as a helper; an +auxiliary. +Science, instead of being the enemy of religion, becomes its +ally. +Buckle. +4. Anything akin to another by structure, etc. +Al6ly (?), n. See Alley, a marble or taw. +Al6lyl (?), n. [L. allium garlic + Oyl.] (Chem.) An organic +radical, C3H5, existing especially in oils of garlic and +mustard. +Al6lyOlene (?), n. (Chem.) A gaseous hydrocarbon, C3H4, +homologous with acetylene; propine<--; propyne -->. +Al6ma, Al6mah (?), n. Same as Alme. +Al7maOcan6tar (?), n. (Astron.) (a) Same as Almucantar. (b) +A recently invented instrument for observing the heavenly +bodies as they cross a given almacantar circle. See +Almucantar. +{ X Al7maOdi6a (?), X Al6maOdie (?), } n. [F. almadie (cf. +Sp. & Pg. almadia), fr. Ar. alma'dFyah a raft, float.] +(Naut.) (a) A bark canoe used by the Africans. (b) A boat +used at Calicut, in India, about eighty feet long, and six +or seven broad. +Al6maOgest (?), n. [F. almageste, LL. almageste, Ar. +alPmajistF, fr. Gr. ? (sc. ?), the greatest composition.] +The celebrated work of Ptolemy of Alexandria, which contains +nearly all that is known of the astronomical observations +and theories of the ancients. The name was extended to other +similar works. +X AlOma6gra (?), n. [Sp. almagra, almagre, fr. Ar. +alPmaghrah red clay or earth.] A fine, deep red ocher, +somewhat purplish, found in Spain. It is the sil atticum of +the ancients. Under the name of Indian red it is used for +polishing glass and silver. +{ Al6main (?), Al6mayne (?), Al6man (?), } n. [OF. Aleman, +F. Allemand, fr. L. Alemanni, ancient Ger. tribes.] [Obs.] +1. A German. Also adj., German. +Shak. +2. The German language. +J. Foxe. +3. A kind of dance. See Allemande. +Almain rivets, Almayne rivets, or Alman rivets, a sort of +light armor from Germany, characterized by overlapping +plates, arranged to slide on rivets, and thus afford great +flexibility. +X Al6ma Ma6ter (?). [L., fostering mother.] A college or +seminary where one is educated. +Al6maOnac (?; 277), n. [LL. almanac, almanach: cf. F. +almanach, Sp. almanaque, It. almanacco, all of uncertain +origin.] A book or table, containing a calendar of days, and +months, to which astronomical data and various statistics +are often added, such as the times of the rising and setting +of the sun and moon, eclipses, hours of full tide, stated +festivals of churches, terms of courts, etc. +Nautical almanac, an almanac, or year book, containing +astronomical calculations (lunar, stellar, etc.), and other +information useful to mariners. + + <-- P. 43 --> +Al6manOdine (?), n. [LL. almandina, alamandina, for L. +alabandina a precious stone, named after Alabanda, a town in +Caria, where it was first and chiefly found: cf. F. +almandine.] (Min.) The common red variety of garnet. +{ X Al6me, X Al6meh } (?), n. [Ar. 'almah (fem.) learned, +fr. 'alama to know: cf. F. alme.] An Egyptian dancing girl; +an Alma. +The Almehs lift their arms in dance. +Bayard Taylor. +X Al7menOdron6 (?), n. [Sp., fr. almendra almond.] The lofty +BrazilPnut tree. +Al6merOy (?), n. See Ambry. [Obs.] +Alm6esse (?), n. See Alms. [Obs.] +{ AlOmight6ful (?), AlOmight6iOful (?), } a. AllPpowerful; +almighty. [Obs.] +Udall. +AlOmight6iOly, adv. With almighty power. +AlOmight6iOness, n. Omnipotence; infinite or boundless +power; unlimited might. +Jer. Taylor. +AlOmight6y (?), a. [AS. ealmihtig, lmihtig; eal (OE. al) +ail + mihtig mighty.] 1. Unlimited in might; omnipotent; +allPpowerful; irresistible. +I am the Almighty God. +Gen. xvii. 1. +2. Great; extreme; terrible. [Slang] +Poor Aroar can not live, and can not die, P so that he is in +an almighty fix. +De Quincey. +The Almighty, the omnipotent God. +Rev. i. 8. +Alm6ner (?), n. An almoner. [Obs.] +Spenser. +Alm6ond (?), n. [OE. almande, almaunde, alemaunde, F. +amande, L. amygdala, fr. Gr. ?: cf. Sp. almendra. Cf. +Amygdalate.] 1. The fruit of the almond tree. +5 The different kinds, as bitter, sweet, thinPshelled, +thickPshelled almonds, and Jordan almonds, are the products +of different varieties of the one species, Amygdalus +communis, a native of the Mediterranean region and western +Asia. +2. The tree bears the fruit; almond tree. +3. Anything shaped like an almond. Specifically: (Anat.) One +of the tonsils. +Almond oil, fixed oil expressed from sweet or bitter +almonds. P Oil of bitter almonds, a poisonous volatile oil +obtained from bitter almonds by maceration and distillation; +benzoic aldehyde. P Imitation oil of bitter almonds, +nitrobenzene. P Almond tree (Bot.), the tree bearing the +almond. P Almond willow (Bot.), a willow which has leaves +that are of a light green on both sides; almondPleaved +willow (Salix amygdalina). +Shenstone. +Al6mond fur7nace (?). [Prob. a corruption of Almain furnace, +i. e., German furnace. See Almain.] A kind of furnace used +in refining, to separate the metal from cinders and other +foreign matter. +Chambers. +Al6monOdine (?), n. See Almandine +Al6monOer (?), n. [OE. aumener, aulmener, OF. almosnier, +aumosnier, F. aumnier, fr. OF. almosne, alms, L. +eleemosyna. See Alms.] One who distributes alms, esp. the +doles and alms of religious houses, almshouses, etc.; also, +one who dispenses alms for another, as the almoner of a +prince, bishop, etc. +Al6monOerOship, n. The office of an almoner. +Al6monOry (?), n.; pl. Almonries (?). [OF. aumosnerie, F. +aumnerie, fr. OF. aumosnier. See Almoner.] The place where +an almoner resides, or where alms are distributed. +Al6mose (?), n. Alms. [Obs.] +Cheke. +Al6most (?), adv. [AS. ealmst, lmst, quite the most, +almost all; eal (OE. al) all + m?st most.] Nearly; well +nigh; all but; for the greatest part. +Almost thou persuadest me to be a Christian. +Acts xxvi. 28. +Almost never, scarcely ever. P Almost nothing, scarcely +anything. +Alm6ry (?), n. See Almonry. [Obs.] +Alms (?), n. sing. & pl. [OE. almes, almesse, AS. lmysse, +fr. L. eleemosyna, Gr. ? mercy, charity, alms, fr. ? to +pity. Cf. Almonry, Eleemosynary.] Anything given +gratuitously to relieve the poor, as money, food, or +clothing; a gift of charity. +A devout man... which gave much alms to the people. +Acts x. 2. +Alms are but the vehicles of prayer. +Dryden. + +Tenure by free alms. See Frankalmoign. +Blackstone. +5 This word alms is singular in its form (almesse), and is +sometimes so used; as, =asked am alms.8 Acts iii. +3.=Received an alms.8 Shak. It is now, however, commonly a +collective or plural noun. It is much used in composition, +as almsgiver, almsgiving, alms bag, alms chest, etc. +Alms6deed7 (?), n. An act of charity. +Acts ix. 36. +Alms6folk7 (?), n. Persons supported by alms; almsmen. +[Archaic] +Holinshed. +Alms6giv7er (?), n. A giver of alms. +Alms6giv7ing (?), n. The giving of alms. +Alms6house7 (?), n. A house appropriated for the use of the +poor; a poorhouse. +Alms6man (?), n.; fem. Almswoman. 1. A recipient of alms. +Shak. +2. A giver of alms. [R.] +Halliwell. +Al7muOcan6tar (?), n. [F. almucantarat, almicantarat, +ultimately fr. Ar. alPmuqantar>t, pl., fr. qantara to bend, +arch.] (Astron.) A small circle of the sphere parallel to +the horizon; a circle or parallel of altitude. Two stars +which have the same almucantar have the same altitude. See +Almacantar. [Archaic] +Almucanter staff, an ancient instrument, having an arc of +fifteen degrees, formerly used at sea to take observations +of the sun's amplitude at the time of its rising or setting, +to find the variation of the compass. +Al6muce (?), n. Same as Amice, a hood or cape. +X AlOmude6 (?), n. [Pg. almude, or Sp. almud, a measure of +grain or dry fruit, fr. Ar. alPmudd a dry measure.] A +measure for liquids in several countries. In Portugal the +Lisbon almude is about 4.4, and the Oporto almude about 6.6, +gallons U. S. measure. In Turkey the =almud8 is about 1.4 +gallons. +{ Al6mug (?), Al6gum (?), } n. [Heb., perh. borrowed fr. +Skr. valguka sandalwood.] (Script.) A tree or wood of the +Bible (2 Chron. ii. 8; 1 K. x. ??). +5 Most writers at the present day follow Celsius, who takes +it to be the red sandalwood of China and the Indian +Archipelago. +W. Smith. +Al6nage (?), n., [OF. alnage, aulnage, F. aunage, fr. OF. +alne ell, of Ger. origin: cf. OHG. elina, Goth. aleina, +cubit. See Ell.] (O. Eng. Law) Measurement (of cloth) by the +ell; also, a duty for such measurement. +Al6naOger (?), n. [See Alnage.] A measure by the ell; +formerly a sworn officer in England, whose duty was to +inspect act measure woolen cloth, and fix upon it a seal. +Al6oe (?), n.; pl. Aloes (?). [L. alo , Gr. ?, aloe: cf. OF. +aloe, F. alo +s.] 1. pl. The wood of the agalloch. [Obs.] +Wyclif. +2. (Bot.) A genus of succulent plants, some classed as +trees, others as shrubs, but the greater number having the +habit and appearance of evergreen herbaceous plants; from +some of which are prepared articles for medicine and the +arts. They are natives of warm countries. +3. pl. (Med.) The inspissated juice of several species of +aloe, used as a purgative. [Plural in form but syntactically +singular.] +American aloe, Century aloe, the agave. See Agave. +Al6oes wood7 (?). See Agalloch. +Al7oOet6ic (?), a. [Cf. F. alotique.] Consisting chiefly of +aloes; of the nature of aloes. +Al7oOet6ic, n. A medicine containing chiefly aloes. +AOloft6 (?; 115), adv. [Pref. aO + loft, which properly +meant air. See Loft.] 1. On high; in the air; high above the +ground. =He steers his flight aloft.8 +Milton. +2. (Naut.) In the top; at the mast head, or on the higher +yards or rigging; overhead; hence (Fig. and Colloq.), in or +to heaven. +AOloft6, prep. Above; on top of. [Obs.] +Fresh waters run aloft the sea. +Holland. +AOlo6giOan (?), n. [LL. Alogiani, Alogii, fr. Gr. ?; ? priv. ++ ? word.] (Eccl.) One of an ancient sect who rejected St. +John's Gospel and the Apocalypse, which speak of Christ as +the Logos. +Shipley. +Al6oOgy (?), n. [L. alogia, Gr. ?, fr. ? priv. + ? reason.] +Unreasonableness; absurdity. [Obs.] +Al6oOin (?), n. (Chem.) A bitter purgative principle in +aloes. +Al6oOman7cy (?), n. [Gr. ?, salt + Omancy: cf. F. alomancie, +halomancie.] Divination by means of salt. [Spelt also +halomancy.] +Morin. +AOlone6 (?), a. [All + one. OE. al one all allone, AS. >n +one, alone. See All, One, Lone.] 1. Quite by one's self; +apart from, or exclusive of, others; single; solitary; O +applied to a person or thing. +Alone on a wide, wide sea. +Coleridge. +It is not good that the man should be alone. +Gen. ii. 18. +2. Of or by itself; by themselves; without any thing more or +any one else; without a sharer; only. +Man shall not live by bread alone. +Luke iv. 4. +The citizens alone should be at the expense. +Franklin. +3. Sole; only; exclusive. [R.] +God, by whose alone power and conversation we all live, and +move, and have our being. +Bentley. +4. Hence; Unique; rare; matchless. +Shak. +5 The adjective alone commonly follows its noun. +To let or leave alone, to abstain from interfering with or +molesting; to suffer to remain in its present state. +AOlone6, adv. Solely; simply; exclusively. +AOlone6ly, adv. Only; merely; singly. [Obs.] +This said spirit was not given alonely unto him, but unto +all his heirs and posterity. +Latimer. +AOlone6ly, a. Exclusive. [Obs.] +Fabyan. +AOlone6ness, n. A state of being alone, or without company; +solitariness. [R.] +Bp. Montagu. +AOlong6 (?; 115), adv. [OE. along, anlong, AS. andlang, +along; pref. andO (akin to OFris. ondO, OHG. antO, Ger. +entO, Goth. andO, andaO, L. ante, Gr. ?, Skr. anti, over +against) + lang long. See Long.] 1. By the length; in a line +with the length; lengthwise. +Some laid along... on spokes of wheels are hung. +Dryden. +2. In a line, or with a progressive motion; onward; forward. +We will go along by the king's highway. +Numb. xxi. 22. +He struck with his o'ertaking wings, +And chased us south along. +Coleridge. +3. In company; together. +He to England shall along with you. +Shak. +All along, all trough the course of; during the whole time; +throughout. =I have all along declared this to be a neutral +paper.8 Addison. P To get along, to get on; to make +progress, as in business. =She 'll get along in heaven +better than you or I.8 +Mrs. Stowe. +AOlong6, prep. By the length of, as distinguished from +across. =Along the lowly lands.8 +Dryden. +The kine... went along the highway. +1 Sam. vi. 12. +AOlong6. [AS. gelang owing to.] (Now heard only in the prep. +phrase along of.) +Along of, Along on, often shortened to Long of, prep. phr., +owing to; on account of. [Obs. or Low. Eng.] =On me is not +along thin evil fare.8 Chaucer. =And all this is long of +you.8 Shak. =This increase of price is all along of the +foreigners.8 London Punch. +AOlong6shore7 (?), adv. Along the shore or coast. +AOlong6shore7man (?), n. See Longshoreman. +AOlong6side7 (?), adv. Along or by the side; side by side +with; P often with of; as, bring the boat alongside; +alongside of him; alongside of the tree. +AOlongst6 (?; 115), prep. & adv. [Formed fr. along, like +amongst fr. among.] Along. [Obs.] +AOloof6 (?), n. (Zol.) Same as Alewife. +AOloof6, adv. [Pref. aO + loof, fr. D. loef luff, and so +meaning, as a nautical word, to the windward. See Loof, +Luff.] 1. At or from a distance, but within view, or at a +small distance; apart; away. +Our palace stood aloof from streets. +Dryden. +2. Without sympathy; unfavorably. +To make the Bible as from the hand of God, and then to look +at it aloof and with caution, is the worst of all impieties. +I. Taylor. +AOloof6 (?), prep. Away from; clear from. [Obs.] +Rivetus... would fain work himself aloof these rocks and +quicksands. +Milton. +AOloof6ness, n. State of being aloof. +Rogers (1642). +The... aloofness of his dim forest life. +Thoreau. +{ X Al7oOpe6ciOa (?), AOlop6eOcy (?), } n. [L. alopecia, Gr. +?, fr. ? fox, because loss of the hair is common among +foxes.] (med.) Loss of the hair; baldness. +AOlop6eOcist (?), n. A practitioner who tries to prevent or +cure baldness. +AOlose6 (?), v. t. [OE. aloser.] To praise. [Obs.] +A6lose (?), n. [F., fr. L. alosa or alausa.] (Zol.) The +European shad (Clupea alosa); P called also allice shad or +allis shad. The name is sometimes applied to the American +shad (Clupea sapidissima). See Shad. +X Al7ouOatte6 (?), n. [Of uncertain origin.] (Zol.) One of +the several species of howling monkeys of South America. +See Howler, 2. +AOloud6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + loud.] With a loud voice, or +great noise; loudly; audibly. +Cry aloud, spare not, lift up thy voice. +Isa. lviii. 1. +AOlow6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + low.] Below; in a lower part. +=Aloft, and then alow.8 +Dryden. +Alp (?), n. [L. Alpes the Alps, said to be of Celtic origin; +cf. Gael. alp a high mountain, Ir. ailp any huge mass or +lump: cf. F. Alpes.] 1. A very high mountain. Specifically, +in the plural, the highest chain of mountains in Europe, +containing the lofty mountains of Switzerland, etc. +Nor breath of vernal air from snowy alp. +Milton. +Hills peep o'er hills, and alps on alps arise. +Pope. +2. Fig.: Something lofty, or massive, or very hard to be +surmounted. +5 The plural form Alps is sometimes used as a singular. =The +Alps doth spit.8 +Shak. +Alp, n. A bullfinch. +Rom. of R. +AlOpac6a (?), n. [Sp. alpaca, fr. the original Peruvian name +of the animal. Cf. Paco.] 1. (Zol.) An animal of Peru (Lama +paco), having long, fine, wooly hair, supposed by some to be +a domesticated variety of the llama. +2. Wool of the alpaca. +3. A thin kind of cloth made of the wooly hair of the +alpaca, often mixed with silk or with cotton. +Al6pen (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Alps. [R.] =The Alpen +snow.8 +J. Fletcher. +X Al6penOstock7 (?), n. [G.; Alp, gen. pl. Alpen + stock +stick.] A long staff, pointed with iron, used in climbing +the Alps. +Cheever. +AlOpes6trine (?), a. [L. Alpestris.] Pertaining to the Alps, +or other high mountains; as, Alpestrine diseases, etc. +Al6pha (?), n. [L. alpha, Gr. ?, from Heb. >leph, name of +the first letter in the alphabet, also meaning ox.] The +first letter in the Greek alphabet, answering to A, and +hence used to denote the beginning. +In am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, the first +and the last. +Rev. xxii. 13. +Formerly used also denote the chief; as, Plato was the alpha +of the wits. +5 In cataloguing stars, the brightest star of a +constellation in designated by Alpha (?); as, ? Lyr. +Al6phaObet (?), n. [L. alphabetum, fr. Gr. ? + ?, the first +two Greek letters; Heb. >leph and beth: cf. F. alphabet.] 1. +The letters of a language arranged in the customary order; +the series of letters or signs which form the elements of +written language. +2. The simplest rudiments; elements. +The very alphabet of our law. +Macaulay. +Deaf and dumb alphabet. See Dactylology. +Al6phaObet, v. t. To designate by the letters of the +alphabet; to arrange alphabetically. [R.] +Al7phaObetOa6riOan (?), n. A learner of the alphabet; an +abecedarian. +Abp. Sancroft. +{ Al7phaObet6ic (?), Al7phaObet6icOal (?), } a. [Cf. F. +alphabtique.] 1. Pertaining to, furnished with, expressed +by, or in the order of, the letters of the alphabet; as, +alphabetic characters, writing, languages, arrangement. +2. Literal. [Obs.] =Alphabetical servility.8 +Milton. +Al7phaObet6icOalOly, adv. In an alphabetic manner; in the +customary order of the letters. +Al7phaObet6ics (?), n. The science of representing spoken +sounds by letters. +Al6phaObetOism (?), n. The expression of spoken sounds by an +alphabet. +Encyc. Brit. +Al6phaObetOize (?), v. t. 1. To arrange alphabetically; as, +to alphabetize a list of words. +2. To furnish with an alphabet. +AlOphen6ic (?), n. [F. alfnic, alphnic, Sp. alfe?ique, Ar. +alPf>nFd sweetness, sugar, fr. Per. f>nFd, p>nFd, sugar, +cheese preserved in sugar.] (Med.) The crystallized juice of +the sugarcane; sugar candy. +AlPphit6oOman7cy (?), n. [Gr. ? barley meal + Omancy: cf. F. +alphitomancie.] Divination by means of barley meal. +Knowles. + +<-- p. 44 --> + +AlOphon6sine (?), a. Of or relating to Alphonso X., the +Wise, King of Castile (1252P1284). +Alphonsine tables, astronomical tables prepared under the +patronage of Alphonso the Wise. +Whewell. +Al6piOgene (?), a. [L. Alpes Alps + Ogen.] Growing in Alpine +regions. +Al6pine (?), a. [L. Alpinus, fr. Alpes the Alps: cf. F. +Alpin.] 1. Of or pertaining to the Alps, or to any lofty +mountain; as, Alpine snows; Alpine plants. +2. Like the Alps; lofty. =Gazing up an Alpine height.8 +Tennyson. +Al6pinOist (?), n. A climber of the Alps. +{ Al6pist (?), Al6piOa (?), } n. [F.: cf. Sp. & Pg. +alpiste.] The seed of canary grass (Phalaris Canariensis), +used for feeding cage birds. +X Al6quiOfou (?), n. [Equiv. to arquifoux, F. alquifoux, Sp. +alquif"l, fr. the same Arabic word as alcohol. See Alcohol.] +A lead ore found in Cornwall, England, and used by potters +to give a green glaze to their wares; potter's ore. +AlOread6y (?), adv. [All (OE. al) + ready.] Prior to some +specified time, either past, present, or future; by this +time; previously. =Joseph was in Egypt already.8 +Exod. i. 5. +I say unto you, that Elias is come already. +Matt. xvii. 12. +5 It has reference to past time, but may be used for a +future past; as, when you shall arrive, the business will be +already completed, or will have been already completed. +Als (?), adv. 1. Also. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +2. As. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AlOsa6tian (?), a. Pertaining to Alsatia. +AlOsa6tian, n. An inhabitant of Alsatia or Alsace in +Germany, or of Alsatia or White Friars (a resort of debtors +and criminals) in London. +X Al7 se6gno (?). [It., to the mark or sign.] (Mus.) A +direction for the performer to return and recommence from +the sign ?. +Al6sike (?), n. [From Alsike, in Sweden.] A species of +clover with pinkish or white flowers; Trifolium hybridum. +Al6so (?), adv. & conj. [All + so. OE. al so, AS. ealsw>, +alsw?, lsw; eal, al, l, all + sw> so. See All, So, As.] +1. In like manner; likewise. [Obs.] +2. In addition; besides; as well; further; too. +Lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven... for where your +treasure is, there will your heart be also. +Matt. vi. 20. +3. Even as; as; so. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +Syn. - Also, Likewise, Too. These words are used by way of +transition, in leaving one thought and passing to another. +Also is the widest term. It denotes that what follows is all +so, or entirely like that which preceded, or may be affirmed +with the same truth; as, =If you were there, I was there +also;8 8If our situation has some discomforts, it has also +many sources of enjoyment.8 Too is simply less formal and +pointed than also; it marks the transition with a lighter +touch; as, =I was there too;8 8a courtier yet a patriot +too.8 Pope. Likewise denotes literally =in like manner,8 and +hence has been thought by some to be more specific than +also. =It implies,8 says Whately, =some connection or +agreement between the words it unites. We may say, ? He is a +poet, and likewise a musician; 'but we should not say, ? He +is a prince, and likewise a musician, because there is no +natural connection between these qualities.8 This +distinction, however, is often disregarded. +Alt (?), a. & n. [See Alto.] (Mus.) The higher part of the +scale. See Alto. +To be in ~, to be in an exalted state of mind. +AlOta6ian (?), AlOta6ic (?), a. [Cf. F. alta que.] Of or +pertaining to the Altai, a mountain chain in Central Asia. +Al6tar (?), n. [OE. alter, auter, autier, fr. L. altare, pl. +altaria, ~, prob. fr. altus high: cf. OF. alter, autier, F. +autel. Cf. Altitude.] 1. A raised structure (as a square or +oblong erection of stone or wood) on which sacrifices are +offered or incense burned to a deity. +Noah builded an altar unto the Lord. +Gen. viii. 20. +2. In the Christian church, a construction of stone, wood, +or other material for the celebration of the Holy Eucharist; +the communion table. +5 Altar is much used adjectively, or as the first part of a +compound; as, altar bread or altarPbread. +w cloth or wPcloth, the cover for an ~ in a Christian +church, usually richly embroidered. P w cushion, a cushion +laid upon the ~ in a Christian church to support the service +book. P w frontal. See Frontal. P w rail, the railing in +front of the ~ or communion table. P w screen, a wall or +partition built behind an ~ to protect it from approach in +the rear. P w tomb, a tomb resembling an ~ in shape, etc. P +Family ~, place of family devotions. P To ?ead (as a bride) +to the ~, to marry; P said of a woman. +Al6tarOage (?), n. [Cf. OF. auterage, autelage.] 1. The +offerings made upon the altar, or to a church. +2. The profit which accrues to the priest, by reason of the +altar, from the small tithes. +Shipley. +Al6tarOist (?), n. [Cf. LL. altarista, F. altariste.] (Old +Law) (a) A chaplain. (b) A vicar of a church. +Al6tarOpiece7 (?), n. The painting or piece of sculpture +above and behind the altar; reredos. +Al6tarOwise7 (?), adv. In the proper position of an altar, +that is, at the east of a church with its ends towards the +north and south. +Shipley. +AltOaz6iOmuth (?), n. [Alltude + azimuth.] (Astron.) An +instrument for taking azimuths and altitudes simultaneously. +Al6ter (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Altered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. +Altering.] [F. altrer, LL. alterare, fr. L. alter other, +alius other. Cf. Else, Other.] 1. To make otherwise; to +change in some respect, either partially or wholly; to vary; +to modify. =To alter the king's course.8 =To alter the +condition of a man.8 =No power in Venice can alter a +decree.8 +Shak. +It gilds all objects, but it alters none. +Pope. +My covenant will I not break, nor alter the thing that is +gone out of my lips. +Ps. lxxxix. 34. +2. To agitate; to affect mentally. [Obs.] +Milton. +3. To geld. [Colloq.] +Syn. - Change, Alter. Change is generic and the stronger +term. It may express a loss of identity, or the substitution +of one thing in place of another; alter commonly expresses a +partial change, or a change in form or details without +destroying identity. +Al6ter, v. i. To become, in some respects, different; to +vary; to change; as, the weather alters almost daily; rocks +or minerals alter by exposure. =The law of the Medes and +Persians, which altereth not.8 +Dan. vi. 8. +Al7terOaObil6iOty (?), n. [Cf. F. altrabilit.] The quality +of being alterable; alterableness. +Al6terOaOble (?), a. [Cf. F. altrable.] Capable of being +altered. +Our condition in this world is mutable and uncertain, +alterable by a thousand accidents. +Rogers. +Al6terOaObleOness, n. The quality of being alterable; +variableness; alterability. +Al6terOaObly, adv. In an alterable manner. +Al6terOant (?), a. [LL. alterans, p. pr.: cf. F. altrant.] +Altering; gradually changing. +Bacon. +Al6terOant, n. An alterative. [R.] +Chambers. +Al7terOa6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. altration.] 1. The act of +altering or making different. +Alteration, though it be from worse to better, hath in it +incoveniences. +Hooker. +2. The state of being altered; a change made in the form or +nature of a thing; changed condition. +Ere long might perceive +Strange alteration in me. +Milton. +Appius Claudius admitted to the senate the sons of those who +had been slaves; by which, and succeeding alterations, that +council degenerated into a most corrupt. +Swift. +Al6terOaOtive (?), a. [L. alterativus: cf. F. altratif.] +Causing alteration. Specifically: (Med.) Gradually changing, +or tending to change, a morbid state of the functions into +one of health. +Burton. +Al6terOaOtive, n. A medicine or treatment which gradually +induces a change, and restores healthy functions without +sensible evacuations. +Al6terOcate (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Altercated; p. pr. & +vb. n. Altercating.] [L. altercatus, p. p. of altercare, +altercari, fr. alter another. See Alter.] The contend in +words; to dispute with zeal, heat, or anger; to wrangle. +Al7terOca6tion (?; 277), n. [F. altercation, fr. L. +altercatio.] Warm contention in words; dispute carried on +with heat or anger; controversy; wrangle; wordy contest. +=Stormy altercations.8 +Macaulay. +Syn. - Altercation, Dispute, Wrangle. The term dispute is in +most cases, but not necessarily, applied to a verbal +contest; as, a dispute on the lawfulness of war. An +altercation is an angry dispute between two parties, +involving an interchange of severe language. A wrangle is a +confused and noisy altercation. +Their whole life was little else than a perpetual wrangling +and altercation. +Hakewill. +Al6terOcaOtive (?), a. Characterized by wrangling; scolding. +[R.] +Fielding. +AlOter6iOty (?), n. [F. altrit.] The state or quality of +being other; a being otherwise. [R.] +For outness is but the feeling of otherness (alterity) +rendered intuitive, or alterity visually represented. +Coleridge. +Al6tern (?), a. [L. alternus, fr. alter another: cf. F. +alterne.] Acting by turns; alternate. +Milton. +w base (Trig.), a second side made base, in distinction a +side previously regarded as base. +AlOter6naOcy (?), n. Alternateness; alternation. [R.] +Mitford. +AlOter6nant (?), a. [L. alternans, p. pr.: cf. F. alternant. +See Alternate, v. t.] (Geol.) Composed of alternate layers, +as some rocks. +AlOter6nate (?; 277), a. [L. alternatus, p. p. of alternate, +fr. alternus. See Altern, Alter.] 1. Being or succeeding by +turns; one following the other in succession of time or +place; by turns first one and then the other; hence, +reciprocal. +And bid alternate passions fall and rise. +Pope. +2. Designating the members in a series, which regularly +intervene between the members of another series, as the odd +or even numbers of the numerals; every other; every second; +as, the alternate members 1, 3, 5, 7, etc.; read every +alternate line. +3. (Bot.) Distributed, as leaves, singly at different +heights of the stem, and at equal intervals as respects +angular divergence. +Gray. +w alligation. See Alligation. P w angles (Geom.), the +internal and angles made by two lines with a third, on +opposite sides of it. It the parallels AB, CD, are cut by +the line EF, the angles AGH, GHD, as also the angles BGH and +GHC, are called alternate angles. P w generation. (Biol.) +See under Generation. +AlOter6nate (?; 277), n. 1. That which alternates with +something else; vicissitude. [R.] +Grateful alternates of substantial. +Prior. +2. A substitute; one designated to take the place of +another, if necessary, in performing some duty. +3. (Math.) A proportion derived from another proportion by +interchanging the means. +Al6terOnate (?; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Alternated; p. pr. +& vb. n. Alternating.] [L. alternatus, p. p. of alternare. +See Altern.] To perform by turns, or in succession; to cause +to succeed by turns; to interchange regularly. +The most high God, in all things appertaining unto this +life, for sundry wise ends alternates the disposition of +good and evil. +Grew. +Al6terOnate, v. i. 1. To happen, succeed, or act by turns; +to follow reciprocally in place or time; P followed by with; +as, the flood and ebb tides alternate with each other. +Rage, shame, and grief alternate in his breast. +J. Philips. +Different species alternating with each other. +Kirwan. +2. To vary by turns; as, the land alternates between rocky +hills and sandy plains. +AlOter6nateOly (?), adv. 1. In reciprocal succession; +succeeding by turns; in alternate order. +2. (Math.) By alternation; when, in a proportion, the +antecedent term is compared with antecedent, and consequent. +AlOter6nateOness, n. The quality of being alternate, or of +following by turns. +Al7terOna6tion (?), n. [L. alternatio: cf. F. alternation.] +1. The reciprocal succession of things in time or place; the +act of following and being followed by turns; alternate +succession, performance, or occurrence; as, the alternation +of day and night, cold and heat, summer and winter, hope and +fear. +2. (Math.) Permutation. +3. The response of the congregation speaking alternately +with the minister. +Mason. +w of generation. See under Generation. +AlOter6naOtive (?), a. [Cf. F. alternatif.] 1. Offering a +choice of two things. +2. Disjunctive; as, an alternative conjunction. +3. Alternate; reciprocal. [Obs.] +Holland. +AlOter6naOtive, n. [Cf. F. alternative, LL. alternativa.] 1. +An offer of two things, one of which may be chosen, but not +both; a choice between two things, so that if one is taken, +the other must be left. +There is something else than the mere alternative of +absolute destruction or unreformed existence. +Burke. +2. Either of two things or propositions offered to one's +choice. Thus when two things offer a choice of one only, the +two things are called alternatives. +Having to choose between two alternatives, safety and war, +you obstinately prefer the worse. +Jowett (Thucyd.). +3. The course of action or the thing offered in place of +another. +If this demand is refused the alternative is war. +Lewis. +With no alternative but death. +Longfellow. +4. A choice between more than two things; one of several +things offered to choose among. +My decided preference is for the fourth and last of th?? +alternatives. +Gladstone. +AlOter6naOtiveOly, adv. In the manner of alternatives, or +that admits the choice of one out of two things. +AlPter6naOtiveOness, n. The quality of being alternative, or +of offering a choice between two. +AlOter6niOty (?), n. [LL. alternitas.] Succession by turns; +alternation. [R.] +Sir T. Browne. +{ X AlOth6a , X AlOthe6a } (?), n. [L. althaea, Gr. ?.] +(Bot.) (a) A genus of plants of the Mallow family. It +includes the officinal marsh mallow, and the garden +hollyhocks. (b) An ornamental shrub (Hibiscus Syriacus) of +the Mallow family. +AlOthe6ine (?), n.(Chem.) Asparagine. +AlOtho6 (?), conj. Altough. [Reformed spelling.] +Alt6horn7 (?), n. [Alt + horn.] (Mus.) An instrument of the +saxhorn family, used exclusively in military music, often +replacing the French horn. +Grove. +AlOthough6 (?), conj. [All + though; OE. al thagh.] Grant +all this; be it that; supposing that; notwithstanding; +though. +Although all shall be offended, yet will no I. +Mark xiv. 29. +Syn. - Although, Though. Although, which originally was +perhaps more emphatic than though, is now interchangeable +with it in the sense given above. Euphonic consideration +determines the choice. +AlOtil6oOquence (?), n. Lofty speech; pompous language. [R.] +Bailey. +AlOtil6oOquent (?), a. [L. altus (adv. alte) high + loquens, +p. pr. of loqui to speak.] HighPsounding; pompous in speech. +[R.] +Bailey. +AlOtim6eOter (?), n. [LL. altimeter; altus high + metrum, +Gr. ?, measure: cf. F. altim +tre.] An instrument for taking +altitudes, as a quadrant, sextant, etc. +Knight. +AlOtim6eOtry (?), n. [Cf. F. altimtrie.] The art of +measuring altitudes, or heights. +AlOtin6car (?), n. See Tincal. +Al6tiOscope (?), n. [L. altus high + Gr. ? to view.] An +arrangement of lenses and mirrors. + + <-- p. 45 --> +which enables a person to see an object in spite of +interning. +AlOtis6oOnant (?), a. [L. altus high + ?onans, p. pr. of +sonare to sound.] HighPsounding; lofty or pompous. +Skelton. +AlOtis6oOnous (?), a. [L. altisonus.] Altisonant. +X AlOtis6siOmo (?), n. [It.; superl. of alto.] (Mus.) The +part or notes situated above F in alt. +Al6tiOtude (?), n. [L. altitudo, fr. altus high. Cf. Altar, +Haughty, Enhance.] 1. Space extended upward; height; the +perpendicular elevation of an object above its foundation, +above the ground, or above a given level, or of one object +above another; as, the altitude of a mountain, or of a bird +above the top of a tree. +2. (Astron.) The elevation of a point, or star, or other +celestial object, above the horizon, measured by the arc of +a vertical circle intercepted between such point and the +horizon. It is either true or apparent; true when measured +from the rational or real horizon, apparent when from the +sensible or apparent horizon. +3. (Geom.) The perpendicular distance from the base of a +figure to the summit, or to the side parallel to the base; +as, the altitude of a triangle, pyramid, parallelogram, +frustum, etc. +4. Height of degree; highest point or degree. +He is [proud] even to the altitude of his virtue. +Shak. +5. Height of rank or excellence; superiority. +Swift. +6. pl. Elevation of spirits; heroics; haughty airs. +[Colloq.] +Richardson. +The man of law began to get into his altitude. +Sir W. Scott. +Meridian ~, an arc of the meridian intercepted between the +south point on the horizon and any point on the meridian. +See Meridian, 3. +Al7tiOtu6diOnal (?), a. Of or pertaining to height; as, +altitudinal measurements. +Al7tiOtu7diOna6riOan (?), a. Lofty in doctrine, aims, etc. +[R.] +Coleridge. +AlOtiv6oOlant (?), a. [L. altivolans. See Volant.] Flying +high. [Obs.] +Blount. +Al6to (?), n.; pl. Altos (?). [It. alto high, fr. L. altus. +Cf. Alt.] 1. (Mus.) Formerly the part sung by the highest +male, or counterPtenor, voices; now the part sung by the +lowest female, or contralto, voices, between in tenor and +soprano. In instrumental music it now signifies the tenor. +2. An alto singer. +w clef (Mus., the counterPtenor clef, or the C clef, placed +so that the two strokes include the middle line of the +staff. +Moore. +Al7toOgeth6er (?), adv. [OE. altogedere; al all + togedere +together. See Together.] 1. All together; conjointly. [Obs.] +Altogether they wen? at once. +Chaucer. +2. Without exception; wholly; completely. +Every man at his best state is altogether vanity. +Ps. xxxix. 5. +AlOtom6eOter (?), n. [L. altus high + Ometer.] A theodolite. +Knight. +Al6toPreOlie6vo (?), n. AltoPrilievo. +X Al6toPriOlieOvo (?), n.; pl. AltoPrilievos (?). [It.] +(Sculp.) High relief; sculptured work in which the figures +project more than half their thickness; as, this figure is +an altoOrilievo or in altoOrilievo. +5 When the figure stands only half out, it is called +mezzoPrilievo, or medium relief; when its projection is less +than one half, bassoPrilievo, basPrelief, or low relief. +Al6triOcal (?), a. (Zol.) Like the articles. +X AlOtri6ces (?), n. pl. [L., nourishes, pl. of altrix.] +(Zol.) Nursers, P a term applied to those birds whose young +are hatched in a very immature and helpless condition, so as +to require the care of their parents for some time; P +opposed to prcoces. +Al6truOism (?), n. [F. altruisme (a word of Comte's), It. +altrui of or to others, fr. L. alter another.] Regard for +others, both natural and moral; devotion to the interests of +others; brotherly kindness; P opposed to egoism or +selfishness. [Recent] +J. S. Mill. +Al6truOist, n. One imbued with altruism; P opposed to +egoist. +Al7truOis6tic (?), a. [Cf. F. altruiste, a. See Altruism..] +Regardful of others; beneficent; unselfish; P opposed to +egoistic or selfish. Bain. P Al7truOis6ticOalOly, adv. +Al6uOdel (?), n. [F. & Sp. aludel, fr. Ar. aluth>l.] (Chem.) +One of the pearPshaped pots open at both ends, and so formed +as to be fitted together, the neck of one into the bottom of +another in succession; P used in the process of sublimation. +Ure. +X Al6uOla (?), n. [NL., dim. of L. ala a wing.] (Zol.) A +false or bastard wing. See under Bastard. +Al6uOlar (?), a. (Zol.) Pertaining to the alula. +Al6um (?), n. [OE. alum, alom, OF. alum, F. alun, fr. L. +alumen alum.] (Chem.) A double sulphate formed of aluminium +and some other element (esp. an alkali metal) or of +aluminium. It has twentyPfour molecules of water of +crystallization. +5 Common alum is the double sulphate of aluminium and +potassium. It is white, transparent, very astringent, and +crystallizes easily in octahedrons. The term is extended so +as to include other double sulphates similar to ~ in +formula. +Al6um (?), v. t. To steep in, or otherwise impregnate with, +a solution of ~; to treat with ~. +Ure. +X AOlu6men (?), n. [L.] (Chem.) Alum. +AOlu6miOna (?), n. [L. alumen, aluminis. See Alum.] (Chem.) +One of the earths, consisting of two parts of aluminium and +three of oxygen, Al2O3. +5 It is the oxide of the metal aluminium, the base of +aluminous salts, a constituent of a large part of the earthy +siliceous minerals, as the feldspars, micas, scapolites, +etc., and the characterizing ingredient of common clay, in +which it exists as an impure silicate with water, resulting +from the decomposition of other aluminous minerals. In its +natural state, it is the mineral corundum. +AOlu7miOnate (?), n. (Chem.) A compound formed from the +hydrate of aluminium by the substitution of a metal for the +hydrogen. +AOlu6miOna7ted (?). a. Combined with alumina. +Al6uOmine (?), n. [F.] Alumina. +Davy. +Al7uOmin6ic (?), a. Of or containing aluminium; as, +aluminic phosphate. +AOlu7miOnif6erOous (?), a. [L. alumen alum + Oferous: cf. +F. aluminif +re.] Containing alum. +AOlu6miOniOform (?), a. [L. alumen + Oform.] pertaining the +form of alumina. +Al7uOmin6iOum (?), n. [L. alumen. See Alum.] (Chem.) The +metallic base of alumina. This metal is white, but with a +bluish tinge, and is remarkable for its resistance to +oxidation, and for its lightness, pertaining a specific +gravity of about 2.6. Atomic weight 27.08. Symbol Al. +w bronze or gold, a pale goldPcolored alloy of aluminium and +copper, used for journal bearings, etc. +AOlu6miOnize (?), v. t. To treat impregnate with alum; to +alum. +AOlu6miOnous (?), a. [L. aluminosus, fr. alumen alum: cf. +F. alumineux.] Pertaining to or containing alum, or alumina; +as, aluminous minerals, aluminous solution. +AOlu6miOnum (?), n. See Aluminium. +Al6umOish (?), a. Somewhat like alum. +X AOlum6na (?), n. fem.; pl. Alumn . [L. See Alumnus.] A +female pupil; especially, a graduate of a school or college. +X AOlum6nus (?), n.; pl. Alumni (?). [L., fr. alere to +nourish.] A pupil; especially, a graduate of a college or +other seminary of learning. +Al6um root7 (?). (Bot.) A North American herb (Heuchera +Americana) of the Saxifrage family, whose root has +astringent properties. +{ Al6um schist6 (?), Al6um shale6 (?), } (Min.) A variety of +shale or clay slate, containing iron pyrites, the +decomposition of which leads to the formation of alum, which +often effloresces on the rock. +Al6um stone7 (?). (Min.) A subsulphate of alumina and +potash; alunite. +Al6uOnite (?), n. (Min.) Alum stone. +AOlu6noOgen (?), n. [F. alun alum + Ogen.] (Min.) A white +fibrous mineral frequently found on the walls of mines and +quarries, chiefly hydrous sulphate of alumina; P also called +feather alum, and hair salt. +Al6ure (?), n. [OF. alure, aleure, walk, gait, fr. aler (F. +aller) to go.] A walk or passage; P applied to passages of +various kinds. +The sides of every street were covered with fresh alures of +marble. +T. Warton. +Al6uOta6ceous (?), a. [L. alutacius, fr. aluta soft +leather.] 1. Leathery. +2. Of a pale brown color; leatherOyellow. +Brande. +Al7luOta6tion (?), n. [See Alutaceous.] The tanning or +dressing of leather. [Obs.] +Blount. +Al6veOaOry (?), n.; pl. Alvearies (?). [L. alvearium, +alveare, beehive, fr. alveus a hollow vessel, beehive, from +alvus belly, beehive.] 1. A beehive, or something resembling +a beehive. +Barret. +2. (Anat.) The hollow of the external ear. +Quincy. +Al6veOa7ted (?), a. [L. alveatus hollowed out.] Formed or +vaulted like a beehive. +Al6veOoOlar (?; 277), a. [L. alveolus a small hollow or +cavity: cf. F. alvolaire.] (Anat.) Of, pertaining to, or +resembling, alveoli or little cells, sacs, or sockets. +w processes, the processes of the maxillary bones, +containing the sockets of the teeth. +Al6veOoOlaOry (?), a. Alveolar. [R.] +Al6veOoOlate (?), a. [L. alveolatus, fr. alveolus.] (Bot.) +Deeply pitted, like a honeycomb. +Al6veOole (?), n. Same as Alveolus. +AlOve6oOliOform (?), a. [L. alvelous + Oform.] Having the +form of alveoli, or little sockets, cells, or cavities. +X AlOve6oOlus (?), n.; pl. Alveoli (?). [L., a small hollow +or cavity, dim. of alveus: cf. F. alvole. See Alveary.] 1. +A cell in a honeycomb. +2. (Zol.) A small cavity in a coral, shell, or fossil +3. (Anat.) A small depression, sac, or vesicle, as the +socket of a tooth, the air cells of the lungs, the ultimate +saccules of glands, etc. +X Al6veOus (?), n.; pl. Alvei (?). [L.] The channel of a +river. +Weate. +Al6vine (?), a. [L. alvus belly: cf. F. alvin.] Of, from, +in, or pertaining to, the belly or the intestines; as, +alvine discharges; alvine concretions. +Al6way (?), adv. Always. [Archaic or Poetic] +I would not live alway. +Job vii. 16. +Al6ways (?), adv. [All + way. The s is an adverbial (orig. a +genitive) ending.] 1. At all times; ever; perpetually; +throughout all time; continually; as, God is always the +same. +Even in Heaven his [Mammon's] looks and thoughts. +Milton. +2. Constancy during a certain period, or regularly at stated +intervals; invariably; uniformly; P opposed to sometimes or +occasionally. +He always rides a black galloway. +Bulwer. +X AOlys6sum (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, name of a plant, perh. +fr. ? priv. + ? raging madness.] (Bot.) A genus of +cruciferous plants; madwort. The sweet alyssum (A. +maritimum), cultivated for bouquets, bears small, white, +sweetOscented flowers. +Am (?). [AS. am, eom, akin to Gothic im, Icel. em, Olr. am, +Lith. esmi, L. sum., Gr. ?, Zend ahmi, Skr. asmi, fr. a root +as to be. ?. See Are, and cf. Be, Was.] The first person +singular of the verb be, in the indicative mode, present +tense. See Be. +God said unto Moses, I am that am. +Exod. iii. 14. +Am7aObil6iOty (?), n. [L. amabilitas.] Lovableness. +Jer. Taylor. +5 The New English Dictionary (Murray) says this word is +=usefully distinct from Amiability.8 +Am7aOcrat6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? together + ? power.] (Photog.) +Amasthenic. +Sir J. Herschel. +X Am7aOdaOvat6 (?), n. [Indian name. From Ahmedabad, a city +from which it was imported to Europe.] (Zol.) The +strawberry finch, a small Indian song bird (Estrelda +amandava), commonly caged and kept for fighting. The female +is olive brown; the male, in summer, mostly crimson; P +called also red waxbill. [Written also amaduvad and +avadavat.] +Am6aOdou (?), n. [F. amadou tinder, prop. lure, bait, fr. +amadouer to allure, caress, perh. fr. Icel. mata to feed, +which is akin to E. meat.] A spongy, combustible substance, +prepared from fungus (Boletus and Polyporus) which grows on +old trees; German tinder; punk. It has been employed as a +styptic by surgeons, but its common use is as tinder, for +which purpose it is prepared by soaking it in a strong +solution of niter. +Ure. +AOmain6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + main. See 2d Main, n.] 1. With +might; with full force; vigorously; violently; exceedingly. +They on the hill, which were not yet come to blows, +perceiving the fewness of their enemies, came down amain. +Milton. +That striping giant, illPbred and scoffing, shouts amain. +T. Parker. +2. At full speed; in great haste; also, at once. =They fled +amain.8 +Holinshed. +AOmain6, v. t. [F. amener. See Amenable.] (Naut.) To lower, +as a sail, a yard, etc. +AOmain6, v. i. (Naut.) To lower the topsail, in token of +surrender; to yield. +AOmal6gam (?), n. [F. amalgame, prob. fr. L. malagma, Gr. ?, +emollient, plaster, poultice, fr. ? to make soft, fr. ? +soft.] 1. An alloy of mercury with another metal or metals; +as, an amalgam of tin, bismuth, etc. +5 Medalists apply the term to soft alloys generally. +2. A mixture or compound of different things. +3. (Min.) A native compound of mercury and silver. +AOmal6gam, v. t. ? i. [Cf. F. amalgamer] To amalgamate. +Boyle. B. Jonson. +X AOmal6gaOma (?), n. Same as Amalgam. +They divided this their amalgam into a number of incoherent +republics. +Burke. +AOmal6gaOmate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Amalgamated; p. pr. & +vb. n. Amalgamating.] 1. To compound or mix, as quicksilver, +with another metal; to unite, combine, or alloy with +mercury. +2. To mix, so as to make a uniform compound; to unite or +combine; as, to amalgamate two races; to amalgamate one race +with another. +Ingratitude is indeed their four cardinal virtues compacted +and amalgamated into one. +Burke. +AOmal6gaOmate, v. i. 1. To unite in an amalgam; to blend +with another metal, as quicksilver. +2. To coalesce, as a result of growth; to combine into a +uniform whole; to blend; as, two organs or parts amalgamate. +{ AOmal6gaOmate (?), AOmal6gaOma7ted (?), } a. Coalesced; +united; combined. +AOmal7gaOma6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. amalgamation.] 1. The act +or operation of compounding mercury with another metal; P +applied particularly to the process of separating gold and +silver from their ores by mixing them with mercury. +Ure. +2. The mixing or blending of different elements, races, +societies, etc.; also, the result of such combination or +blending; a homogeneous union. +Macaulay. + +AOmal6gaOmaOtive (?), a. Characterized by amalgamation. +AOmal6gaOma7tor (?), n. One who, or that which, amalgamates. +Specifically: A machine for separating precious metals from +earthy particles by bringing them in contact with a body of +mercury with which they form an amalgam. +AOmal6gaOmize (?), v. t. To amalgamate. [R.] +AOman6dine (?), n. [F. amande almond. See Almond.] 1. The +vegetable casein of almonds. +2. A kind of cold cream prepared from almonds, for chapped +hands, etc. +AlOman6iOtine (?), n. [Gr. ? a sort of fungus.] The +poisonous principle of some fungi. +AOman7uOen6sis (?), n.; pl. Amanuenses (?). [L., fr. a, ab + +manus hand.] A person whose employment is to write what +another dictates, or to copy what another has written. +X AOmar6aOcus (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?.] A fragrant flower. +Tennyson. +Am6aOrant (?), n. Amaranth, 1. [Obs.] +Milton. +Am7aOranOta6ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Of, pertaining to, or +resembling, the family of plants of which the amaranth is +the type. +Am6aOranth (?), n. [L. amarantus, Gr. ?, unfading, amaranth; +? priv. + ? to quench, cause to wither, fr. a root meaning +to die, akin to E. mortal; P so called because its flowers +do not soon wither: cf. F. amarante. The spelling with th +seems to be due to confusion with Gr. ? flower.] 1. An +imaginary flower supposed never to fade. [Poetic] +2. (Bot.) A genus of ornamental annual plants (Amaranthus) +of many species, with green, purplish, or crimson flowers. +2. A color inclining to purple. +Am7aOran6thine (?), a. 1. Of or pertaining to amaranth. +=Amaranthine bowers.8 +Pope. + + <-- p. 46 --> + +2. Unfading, as the poetic amaranth; undying. +They only amaranthine flower on earth +Is virtue. +Cowper. +3. Of a purplish color. +Buchanan. +{ Am7aOran6thus (?), X Am7aOran6tus (?), } n. Same as +Amaranth. +Am6aOrine (?), n. [L. amarus bitter.] (Chem.) A +characteristic crystalline substance, obtained from oil of +bitter almonds. +AOmar6iOtude (?), n. [L. amaritudo, fr. amarus bitter: cf. +OF. amaritude.] Bitterness. [R.] +{ Am7aOryl7liOda6ceous (?), Am7aOrylOlid6eOous (?), } a. +(Bot.) Of, pertaining to, or resembling, an order of plants +differing from the lily family chiefly in having the ovary +below the ?etals. The narcissus and daffodil are members of +this family. +X Am7aOryl6lis (?), n. [L. Amaryllis, Gr. ?, ?, the name of +a country girl in Theocritus and Virgil.] 1. A pastoral +sweetheart. +To sport with Amaryllis in the shade. +Milton. +2. (bot.) (a) A family of plants much esteemed for their +beauty, including the narcissus, jonquil, daffodil, agave, +and others. (b) A genus of the same family, including the +Belladonna lily. +AOmass6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Amassed (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Amassing.] [F. ambusher, LL. amassare; L. ad + massa +lump, mass. See Mass.] To collect into a mass or heap; to +gather a great quantity of; to accumulate; as, to amass a +treasure or a fortune; to amass words or phrases. +The life Homer has been written by amassing all the +traditions and hints the writers could meet with. +Pope. +Syn. - To accumulate; heap up; pile. +AOmass6, n. [OF. amasse, fr. ambusher.] A mass; a heap. +[Obs.] +Sir H. Wotton. +AOmass6aOble (?), a. Capable of being amassed. +AOmass6er (?), n. One who amasses. +X A7mas7sette6 (?), n. [F. See Amass.] An instrument of horn +used for collecting painters' colors on the stone in the +process of grinding. +AOmass6ment (?), n. [Cf. OF. amassement.] An amassing; a +heap collected; a large quantity or number brought together; +an accumulation. +An amassment of imaginary conceptions. +Glanvill. +Am7asOthen6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? together + ? force.] (Photog.) +Uniting the chemical rays of light into one focus, as a +certain kind of lens; amacratic. +AOmate6 (?), v. t. [OF. amater, amatir.] To dismay; to +dishearten; to daunt. [Obs. or Archaic] +The Silures, to amate the new general, rumored the overthrow +greater than was true. +Milton. +AOmate6, v. t. [Pref. aO + mate.] To be a mate to; to match. +[Obs.] +Spenser. +Am7aOteur6 (?), n. [F., fr. L. amator lover, fr. amare to +love.] A person attached to a particular pursuit, study, or +science as to music or painting; esp. one who cultivates any +study or art, from taste or attachment, without pursuing it +professionally. +Am7aOteur6ish, a. In the style of an amateur; superficial or +defective like the work of an amateur. P Am7aOteur6ishOly, +adv. P Am7aOteur6ishOness, n. +Am6aOteurOism (?), n. The practice, habit, or work of an +amateur. +Am6aOteur7ship, n. The quality or character of an amateur. +Am6aOtive (?), a. [L. amatus, p. p. of amare to love.] Full +of love; amatory. +Am6aOtiveOness, n. (Phren.) The faculty supposed to +influence sexual desire; propensity to love. +Combe. +Am7aOto6riOal (?), a. [See Amatorious.] Of or pertaining to +a lover or to love making; amatory; as, amatorial verses. +Am7aOto6riOalOly, adv. In an amatorial manner. +Am7aOto6riOan (?), a. Amatory. [R.] +Johnson. +Am7aOto6riOous (?), a. [L. amatorius, fr. amare to love.] +Amatory. [Obs.] =Amatorious poem.8 +Milton. +Am6aOtoOry (?), a. Pertaining to, producing, or expressing, +sexual love; as, amatory potions. +X Am7auOro6sis (?), n. [Gr. ?, fr. ? dark, dim.] (Med.) A +loss or decay of sight, from loss of power in the optic +nerve, without any perceptible external change in the eye; P +called also gutta ?erena, the =drop serene8 of Milton. +Am7auOrot6ic (?), a. Affected with amaurosis; having the +characteristics of amaurosis. +AOmaze6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Amazed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. +Amazing.] [Pref. aO + maze.] 1. To ??wilder; to stupefy; to +bring into a maze. [Obs.] +A labyrinth to amaze his foes. +Shak. +2. To confound, as by fear, wonder, extreme surprise; to +overwhelm with wonder; to astound; to astonish greatly. +=Amazing Europe with her wit.8 +Goldsmith. +And all the people were amazed, and said, Is not this the +son of David? +Matt. xii. 23. +Syn. - To astonish; astound; confound; bewilder; perplex; +surprise. P Amaze, Astonish. Amazement includes the notion +of bewilderment of difficulty accompanied by surprise. It +expresses a state in which one does not know what to do, or +to say, or to think. Hence we are amazed at what we can not +in the least account for. Astonishment also implies +surprise. It expresses a state in which one is stunned by +the vastness or greatness of something, or struck with some +degree of horror, as when one is overpowered by the ?normity +of an act, etc. +AOmaze6, v. i. To be astounded. [Archaic] +B. Taylor. +AOmaze6, v. t. Bewilderment, arising from fear, surprise, or +wonder; amazement. [Chiefly poetic] +The wild, bewildered +Of one to stone converted by amaze. +Byron. +AOmaz6edOly (?), adv. In amazement; with confusion or +astonishment. +Shak. +AOmaz6edOness, n. The state of being amazed, or confounded +with fear, surprise, or wonder. +Bp. Hall. +AOmaze6ful (?), a. Full of amazement. [R.] +AOmaze6ment (?), n. 1. The condition of being amazed; +bewilderment [Obs.]; overwhelming wonder, as from surprise, +sudden fear, horror, or admiration. +His words impression left +Of much amazement. +Milton. +2. Frenzy; madness. [Obs.] +Webster (1661). +AOmaz6ing (?), a. Causing amazement; very wonderful; ; as, +amazing grace. P AOmaz6ingOly, adv. +Am6aOzon (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?.] 1. One of a fabulous race +of female warriors in Scythia; hence, a female warrior. +2. A tall, strong, masculine woman; a virago. +3. (Zol.) A name numerous species of South American parrots +of the genus Chrysotis +w ant(Zol.), a species of ant (Polyergus rufescens), of +Europe and America. They seize by conquest the larv and +nymphs other species and make slaves of them in their own +nests. +Am7aOzo6niOan (?), a. 1. Pertaining to or resembling an +Amazon; of masculine manners; warlike. +Shak. +2. Of or pertaining to the river Amazon in South America, or +to its valley. +{ Am6aOzonOite (?), Am6aOzon stone7 (?), } n. [Named from +the river Amazon.] (Min.) A variety of feldspar, having a +verdigrisPgreen color. +AmbO, AmObiO. [L. prefix ambiO, ambO, akin to Gr. ?, Skr. +abhi, AS. embe, emb, OHG. umbi, umpi, G. um, and also L. +ambo both. Cf. AmphiO, Both, By.] A prefix meaning about, +around; P used in words derived from the Latin. +X AmOba6ges (?), n. pl. [L. (usually in pl.); pref. ambiO, +ambO + agere to drive: cf. F. ambage.] A circuit; a winding. +Hence: Circuitous way or proceeding; quibble; +circumlocution; indirect mode of speech. +After many ambages, perspicuously define what this +melancholy is. +Burton. +AmObag6iOnous (?), a. Ambagious. [R.] +AmOba6gious (?), a. [L. ambagiosus.] Circumlocutory; +circuitous. [R.] +AmObag6iOtoOry (?), a. Ambagious. [R.] +Am6basOsade (?), Em6basOsade (?), n. [F. ambassade. See +Embassy.] 1. The mission of an ambassador. [Obs.] +Carew. +2. An embassy. [Obs.] +Strype. +AmObas6saOdor (?), EmObas6saOdor (?), n. [See Embassador.] +1. A minister of the highest rank sent a foreign court to +represent there his sovereign or country. +5 Ambassador are either ordinary [or resident] or +extraordinary, that is, sent upon some special or unusual +occasion or errand. +Abbott. +2. An official messenger and representative. +AmObas7saOdo6riOal (?), a. Of or pertaining to an +ambassador. +H. Walpole. +AmObas7saOdorOship (?), n. The state, office, or functions +of an ambassador. +AmObas6saOdress (?), n. A female ambassador; also, the wife +of an ambassador. +Prescott. +Am6basOsage (?), n. Same as Embassage. [Obs. or R.] +Luke xiv. 32. +Am6basOsy (?), n. See Embassy, the usual spelling. +Helps. +Am6ber , n. [OE. aumbre, F. ambre, Sp. mbar, and with the +Ar. article, al mbar, fr. Ar. 'anbar ambergris.] 1. (Min.) A +yellowish translucent resin resembling copal, found as a +fossil in alluvial soils, with beds of lignite, or on the +seashore in many places. It takes a fine polish, and is used +for pipe mouthpieces, beads, etc., and as a basis for a fine +varnish. By friction, it becomes strongly electric. +2. w color, or anything ~Pcolored; a clear light yellow; as, +the amber of the sky. +3. Ambergris. [Obs.] +You that smell of amber at my charge. +Beau. & Fl. +4. The balsam, liquidambar. +Black ~, and old and popular name for jet. +Am6ber, a. 1. Consisting of ~; made of ~. =Amber bracelets.8 +Shak. +2. Resembling ~, especially in color; ~Pcolored. =The amber +morn.8 +Tennyson. +Am6ber, v. t. [p. p. & p. a. Ambered .] 1. To scent or +flavor with ambergris; as, ambered wine. +2. To preserve in ~; as, an ambered fly. +Am6ber fish (?). (Zol.) A fish of the southern Atlantic +coast (Seriola Carolinensis.) +Am6berOgrease (?), n. See Ambergris. +Am6berOgris (?), n. [F. ambre gris, i. e., gray amber; F. +gris gray, which is of German origin: cf. OS. gr s, G. +greis, grayPhaired. See Amber.] A substance of the +consistence of wax, found floating in the Indian Ocean and +other parts of the tropics, and also as a morbid secretion +in the intestines of the sperm whale (Physeter +macrocephalus), which is believed to be in all cases its +true origin. In color it is white, ashPgray, yellow, or +black, and often variegated like marble. The floating +masses are sometimes from sixty to two hundred and +twentyPfive pounds in weight. It is wholly volatilized as a +white vapor at 2120 Fahrenheit, and is highly valued in +perfumery. +Dana. +Am6ber seed7 (?). Seed of the Hibiscus abelmoschus, somewhat +resembling millet, brought from Egypt and the West Indies, +and having a flavor like that of musk; musk seed. +Chambers. +Am6ber tree7 (?). A species of Anthospermum, a shrub with +evergreen leaves, which, when bruised, emit a fragrant odor. +Ambes6Pas (?), n. AmbsPace. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +Am6biOdex6ter (?), a. [LL., fr. L. ambo both + dexter right, +dextra (sc. manus) the right hand.] Using both hands with +equal ease. +Smollett. +Am7biOdex6ter, n. 1. A person who uses both hands with equal +facility. +2. Hence; A doublePdealer; one equally ready to act on +either side in party disputes. +The rest are hypocrites, ambidexters, so ??any turning +pictures P a lion on one side, a lamb on the other. +Burton. +3. (Law) A juror who takes money from both parties for +giving his verdict. +Cowell. +Am6biOdexOter6iOty (?), n. 1. The quality of being +ambidex?rous; the faculty of using both hands with equal +facility. Hence: Versatility; general readiness; as, +ambidexterity of argumentation. +Sterne. +Ignorant I was of the human frame, and of its latent powers, +as regarded speed, force, and ambidexterity. +De Quincey. +2. DoublePdealing. (Law) A juror's taking of money from the +both parties for a verdict. +Am7biOdex6tral (?), a. Pertaining equally to the rightPhand +side and the leftPhand side. +Earle. +Am7biOdex6trous (?), a. 1. Pertaining the faculty of using +both hands with equal ease. +Sir T. Browne. +2. Practicing or siding with both parties. +All false, shuffling, and ambidextrous dealings. +L'Estrange. +Am6biOdex6trousOly, adv. In an ambidextrous manner; +cunningly. +Am7biOdex6trousOness (?), n. The quality of being +ambidextrous; ambidexterity. +Am6biOent (?), a. [L. ambiens, p. pr. of ambire to go +around; ambO + ire to go.] Encompassing on all sides; +circumfused; investing. =Ambient air.8 Milton. =Ambient +clouds.8 Pope. +Am6biOent, n. Something that surrounds or invests; as, +air... being a perpetual ambient. +Sir H. Wotton. +AmObig6eOnous (?), a. [L. ambo both + genus kind.] Of two +kinds. (bot.) Partaking of two natures, as the perianth of +some endogenous plants, where the outer surface is calycine, +and the inner petaloid. +Am6biOgu (?), n. [F., fr. ambigu doubtful, L. ambiquus. See +Ambiguous.] An entertainment at which a medley of dishes is +set on at the same time. +Am7biOgu6iOty (?), n.; pl. Ambiguities (?). [L. ambiguitas, +fr. ambiguus: cf. F. ambiguit.] The quality or state of +being ambiguous; doubtfulness or uncertainty, particularly +as to the signification of language, arising from its +admitting of more than one meaning; an equivocal word or +expression. +No shadow of ambiguity can rest upon the course to be +pursued. +I. Taylor. +The words are of single signification, without any +ambiguity. +South. +AmObig6uOous (?), a. [L. ambiguus, fr. ambigere to wander +about, waver; ambO + agere to drive.] Doubtful or uncertain, +particularly in respect to signification; capable of being +understood in either of two or more possible senses; +equivocal; as, an ambiguous course; an ambiguous expression. +What have been thy answers? What but dark, +Ambiguous, and with double sense deluding? +Milton. +Syn. - Doubtful; dubious; uncertain; unsettled; indistinct; +indeterminate; indefinite. See Equivocal. +AmObig6uOousOly, adv. In an ambiguous manner; with doubtful +meaning. +AmObig6uOousOness, n. Ambiguity. +Am7biOle6vous (?), a. [L. ambo both + laevus left.] +LeftPhanded on both sides; clumsy; P opposed to ambidexter. +[R.] +Sir T. Browne. +AmObil6oOquy (?), n. Doubtful or ambiguous language. [Obs.] +Bailey. +AmObip6aOrous (?), a. [L. ambo both + parere to bring +forth.] (Bot.) Characterized by containing the rudiments of +both flowers and leaves; P applied to a bud. +Am6bit (?), n. [L. ambitus circuit, fr. ambire to go around. +See Ambient.] Circuit or compass. +His great parts did not live within a small ambit. +Milward. +AmObi6tion (?), n. [F. ambition, L. ambitio a going around, +especially of candidates for office is Rome, to solicit +votes (hence, desire for office or honor? fr. ambire to go +around. See Ambient, Issue.] 1. The act of going about to +solicit or obtain an office, or any other object of desire; +canvassing. [Obs.] +[I] used no ambition to commend my deeds. +Milton. +2. An eager, and sometimes an inordinate, desire for +preferment, honor, superiority, power, or the attainment of +something. +Cromwell, I charge thee, fling a way ambition: +By that sin fell the angels. +Shak. +The pitiful ambition of possessing five or six thousand more +acres. +Burke. +AmObi6tion, v. t. [Cf. F. ambitionner.] To seek after +ambitiously or eagerly; to covet. [R.] +Pausanias, ambitioning the sovereignty of Greece, bargains +with Xerxes for his daughter in marriage. +Trumbull. +AmObi6tionOist, n. One excessively ambitious. [R.] +AmObi6tionOless, a. Devoid of ambition. +Pollok. +AmObi6tious (?), a. [L. ambitiosus: cf. F. ambitieux. See +Ambition.] 1. Possessing, or controlled by, ambition; +greatly or inordinately desirous of power, honor, office, +superiority, or distinction. +Yet Brutus says he was ambitious, +And Brutus is an honorable man. +Shak. +2. Strongly desirous; P followed by of or the infinitive; +as, ambitious to be or to do something. +I was not ambitious of seeing this ceremony. +Evelyn. +Studious of song, and yet ambitious not to sing in vain. +Cowper. +3. Springing from, characterized by, or indicating, +ambition; showy; aspiring; as, an ambitious style. +A giant statue... +Pushed by a wild and artless race, +From off wide, ambitious base. +Collins. +AmObi6tiousOly, adv. In an ambitious manner. + + <-- p. 47 --> + +AmObi6tiousOness (?), n. The quality of being ambitious; +ambition; pretentiousness. +X Am6biOtus (?), n. [L. See Ambit, Ambition.] 1. The +exterior edge or border of a thing, as the border of a leaf, +or the outline of a bivalve shell. +2. (Rom. Antiq.) A canvassing for votes. +Am6ble (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Ambled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. +Ambling (?).] [F. ambler to amble, fr. L. ambulare to walk, +in LL., to amble, perh. fr. ambO, ambiO, and a root meaning +to go: cf. Gr. ? to go, E. base. Cf. Ambulate.] 1. To go at +the easy gait called an ~; P applied to the horse or to its +rider. +2. To move somewhat like an ambling horse; to go easily or +without hard shocks. +The skipping king, he ambled up and down. +Shak. +Sir, your wit ambles well; it goes easily. +Shak. +Am6ble, n. 1. A peculiar gait of a horse, in which both legs +on the same side are moved at the same time, alternating +with the legs on the other side. =A fine easy amble.8 +B. Jonson. +2. A movement like the ~ of a horse. +Am6bler (?), n. A horse or a person that ambles. +Am6blingOly, adv. With an ambling gait. +AmOblot6ic (?), a. [Gr. ?, ?, fr. ? an abortion.] Tending +to cause abortion. +Am6blyOgon (?), n. [Gr. ? obtuse + ? angle: cf. F. +amblygone.] (Geom.) An obtusePangled figure, esp. and +obtusePangled triangle. [Obs.] +AmOblyg6oOnal (?), a. ObtusePangled. [Obs.] +Hutton. +{ X Am7blyOo6piOa (?), Am6blyOo7py (?), } n. [Gr. ?; ? +blunt, dim + ? eye: cf. F. amblyopie.] (Med.) Weakness of +sight, without and opacity of the cornea, or of the interior +of the eye; the first degree of amaurosis. +Am6blyOop6ic (?), a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to amblyopy. +Quain. +X AmOblyp6oOda (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? blunt + ?, ?, +foot.] (Paleon.) A group of large, extinct, herbivorous +mammals, common in the Tertiary formation of the United +States. +X Am6bo (?), n.; pl. Ambos (?). [LL. ambo, Gr. ?, any +rising, a raised stage, pulpit: cf. F. ambon.] A large +pulpit or reading desk, in the early Christian churches. +Gwilt. +X Am6bon (?), n. Same as Ambo. +AmOboy6na wood (?). A beautiful mottled and curled wood, +used in cabinetwork. It is obtained from the Pterocarpus +Indicus of Amboyna, Borneo, etc. +Am6breOate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt formed by the combination +of ambreic acid with a base or positive radical. +AmObre6ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to ambrein; P +said of a certain acid produced by digesting ambrein in +nitric acid. +Am6breOin (?), n. [Cf. F. ambrine. See Amber.] (Chem.) A +fragrant substance which is the chief constituent of +ambergris. +Am6brite (?), n. [From amber.] A fossil resin occurring in +large masses in New Zealand. +Am6brose (?), n. A sweetOscented herb; ambrosia. See +Ambrosia, 3. +Turner. +AmObro6sia (?; 277), n. [L. ambrosia, Gr. ?, properly fem. +of ?, fr. ? immortal, divine; ? priv. + ? mortal (because it +was supposed to confer immortality on those who partook of +it). ? stands for ?, akin to Skr. mrita, L. mortuus, dead, +and to E. mortal.] 1. (Myth.) (a) The fabled food of the +gods (as nectar was their drink), which conferred +immortality upon those who partook of it. (b) An unguent of +the gods,. +His dewy locks distilled ambrosia. +Milton. +2. A perfumed unguent, salve, or draught; something very +pleasing to the taste or smell. +Spenser. +3.Formerly, a kind of fragrant plant; now (Bot.), a genus +of plants, including some coarse and worthless weeds, called +ragweed, hogweed, etc. +Am6bro6siOac (?), a. [L. ambrosiacus: cf. F. ambrosiaque.] +Having the qualities of ambrosia; delicious. [R.]=Ambrosiac +odors.8 +B. Jonson. +AmObro6sial (?), a. [L. ambrosius, Gr. ?.] 1. Consisting of, +or partaking of the nature of, ambrosia; delighting the +taste or smell; delicious. =Ambrosial food.8 =Ambrosial +fragrance.8 +Milton. +2. Divinely excellent or beautiful. =Shakes his ambrosial +curls.8 +Pope. +AmObro6sialOly, adv. After the manner of ambrosia; +delightfully. =Smelt ambrosially.8 +Tennyson. +AmObro6sian (?), a. Ambrosial. [R.] +. Jonson. +AmObro6sian, a. Of or pertaining to St. Ambrose; as, the +Ambrosian office, or ritual, a formula of worship in the +church of Milan, instituted by St. Ambrose. +w chant, the mode of signing or chanting introduced by St. +Ambrose in the 4th century. +Am6broOsin (?), n. [LL. Ambrosinus nummus.] An early coin +struck by the dukes of Milan, and bearing the figure of St. +Ambrose on horseback. +Am6broOtype (?), n. [Gr. ? immortal + Otype.] (Photog.) A +picture taken on a place of prepared glass, in which the +lights are represented in silver, and the shades are +produced by a dark background visible through the unsilvered +portions of the glass. +Am6bry (?), n.; pl. Ambries (?). [OE. aumbry, almery, OF. +almarie, armarie, aumaire, F. armoire, LL. armarium chest, +cupboard, orig. a repository for arms, fr. L. arama arms. +The word has been confused with almonry. See Armory.] 1. In +churches, a kind of closet, niche, cupboard, or locker for +utensils, vestments, etc. +2. A store closet, as a pantry, cupboard, etc. +3. Almonry. [Improperly so used] +Ambs6Pace (?), n. [OF. ambesas; ambes both (fr. L. ambo) + +as ace. See Ace.] Double aces, the lowest throw of all at +dice. Hence: Bad luck; anything of no account or value. +Am7buOla6cral (?), a. (Zol.) Of or pertaining to ambulacra; +avenuelike; as, the ambulacral ossicles, plates, spines, and +suckers of echinoderms. +Am7buOla6criOform (?), a. [Ambulacrum + Oform.] +(Zol.)Having the form of ambulacra. +X Am7buOla6crum (?), n. pl; pl. Ambulacra (?). [L., an alley +or covered way.] (Zol.) (a) One of the radical zones of +echinoderms, along which run the principal nerves, blood +vessels, and water tubes. These zones usually bear rows of +locomotive suckers or tentacles, which protrude from regular +pores. In star fishes they occupy the grooves along the +under side of the rays. (b) One of the suckers on the feet +of mites. +Am6buOlance (?), n. [F. ambulance, hpital ambulant, fr. L. +ambulare to walk. See Amble.] (Mil.) (a) A field hospital, +so organized as to follow an army in its movements, and +intended to succor the wounded as soon as possible. Often +used adjectively; as, an ambulance wagon; ambulance +stretcher; ambulance corps. (b) An ~ wagon or cart for +conveying the wounded from the field, or to a hospital. +Am6buOlant (?), a. [L. ambulans, p. pr. of ambulare to walk: +cf. F. ambulant.] Walking; moving from place to place. +Gayton. +Am6buOlate (?), v. i. [L. ambulare to walk. See Amble.] To +walk; to move about. [R.] +Southey. +Am7buOla6tion (?), n. [L. ambulatio.] The act of walking. +Sir T. Browne. +Am6buOlaOtive (?), a. Walking. [R.] +Am6buOla7tor (?), n. 1. One who walks about; a walker. +2. (Zol.) (a) A beetle of the genus Lamia. (b) A genus of +birds, or one of this genus. +3. An instrument for measuring distances; P called also +perambulator. +Knight. +Am7buOlaOto6riOal (?), a. Ambulatory; fitted for walking. +Verrill. +Am6buOlaOtoOry (?), a. [L. ambulatorius.] 1. Of or +pertaining to walking; having the faculty of walking; formed +or fitted for walking; as, an ambulatory animal. +2. Accustomed to move from place to place; not stationary; +movable; as, an ambulatory court, which exercises its +jurisdiction in different places. +The priesthood... before was very ambulatory, and dispersed +into all families. +Jer. Taylor. +3. Pertaining to a walk. [R.] +The princess of whom his majesty had an ambulatory view in +his travels. +Sir H. Wotton. +4. (Law) Not yet fixed legally, or settled past alteration; +alterable; as, the dispositions of a will are ambulatory +until the death of the testator. +Am6buOlaOtoOry, n.; pl. Ambulatories (?). [Cf. LL. +ambulatorium.] (Arch.) A place to walk in, whether in the +open air, as the gallery of a cloister, or within a +building. +Am6burOry (?), n. Same as Anbury. +Am7busOcade6 (?), n. [F. embuscade, fr. It. imboscata, or +Sp. emboscada, fr. emboscar to ambush, fr. LL. imboscare. +See Ambush, v. t.] 1. A lying in a wood, concealed, for the +purpose of attacking an enemy by surprise. Hence: A lying in +wait, and concealed in any situation, for a like purpose; a +snare laid for an enemy; an ambush. +2. A place in which troops lie hid, to attack an enemy +unexpectedly. [R.] +Dryden. +3. (Mil.) The body of troops lying in ambush. +Am7busOcade6, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ambuscaded (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Ambuscading (?).] 1. To post or conceal in ambush; to +ambush. +2. To lie in wait for, or to attack from a covert or lurking +place; to waylay. +Am7busOcade6, v. i. To lie in ambush. +Am7busOca6do (?), n. Ambuscade. [Obs.] +Shak. +Am7busOca6doed (?), p. p. Posted in ambush; ambuscaded. +[Obs.] +Am6bush (?), n. [F. embche, fr. the verb. See Ambush, v. +t.] 1. A disposition or arrangement of troops for attacking +an enemy unexpectedly from a concealed station. Hence: +Unseen peril; a device to entrap; a snare. +Heaven, whose high walls fear no assault or siege +Or ambush from the deep. +Milton. +2. A concealed station, where troops or enemies lie in wait +to attack by surprise. +Bold in close ambush, base in open field. +Dryden. +3. The troops posted in a concealed place, for attacking by +surprise; liers in wait. [Obs.] +The ambush arose quickly out of their place. +Josh. viii. 19. +To lay an ~, to post a force in ~. +Am6bush (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ambushed (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Ambushing.] [OE. enbussen, enbushen, OF. embushier, +embuissier, F. embcher, embusquer, fr. LL. imboscare; in + +LL. boscus, buscus, a wood; akin to G. bush, E. bush. See +Ambuscade, Bu?h.] 1. To station in ~ with a view to surprise +an enemy. +By ambushed men behind their temple ?ai?, +We have the king of Mexico betrayed. +Dryden. +2. To attack by ~; to waylay. +Am6bush, v. i. To lie in wait, for the purpose of attacking +by surprise; to lurk. +Nor saw the snake that ambushed for his prey. +Trumbull. +Am6bushOer (?), n. One lying in ~. +Am6bushOment (?), n. [OF. embuschement. See Ambush, v. t.] +An ~. [Obs.] +2 Chron. xiii. 13. +AmObus6tion (?; 106), n. [L. ambustio.] (Med.) A burn or +scald. +Blount. +Am7eObe6an (?), a. (Zol.) See Am?bean. +AOmeer6, AOmir6 (?), n. [See Emir.] 1. Emir. [Obs.] +2. One of the Mohammedan nobility of Afghanistan and Scinde. +Am6el (?), n. [OE. amell, OF. esmail, F. mail, of German +origin; cf. OHG. smelzi, G. schmelz. See Smelt, v. t.] +Enamel. [Obs.] +Boyle. +Am6el, v. t. [OE. amellen, OF. esmailler, F. mailler, OF. +esmail, F. mail.] To enamel. [Obs.] +Enlightened all with stars, +And richly ameled. +Chapman. +Am6elOcorn7 (?), n. [Ger. amelkorn: cf. MHG. amel, amer, +spelt, and L. amylum starch, Gr. ?.] A variety of wheat from +which starch is produced; P called also French rice. +AOmel6ioOraOble (?), a. Capable of being ameliorated. +AOmel6ioOrate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ameliorated (?); p. +pr. & vb. n. Ameliorating.] [L. ad + meliorare to make +better: cf. F. amliorer. See Meliorate.] To make better; to +improve; to meliorate. +In every human being there is a wish to ameliorate his own +condition. +Macaulay. +AOmel6ioOrate, v. i. To grow better; to ~; as, wine +ameliorates by age. +AOmel7ioOra6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. amlioration.] The act of +ameliorating, or the state of being ameliorated; making or +becoming better; improvement; melioration. =Amelioration of +human affairs.8 +J. S. Mill. +AOmel6ioOraOtive (?), a. Tending to ameliorate; producing +amelioration or improvement; as, ameliorative remedies, +efforts. +AOmel6ioOra7tor (?), n. One who ameliorates. +A7men6 (?; 277), interj., adv., & n. [L. amen, Gr. ?, Heb. +>m?n certainly, truly.] An expression used at the end of +prayers, and meaning, So be it. At the end of a creed, it is +a solemn asseveration of belief. When it introduces a +declaration, it is equivalent to truly, verily. It is used +as a noun, to demote: (a) concurrence in belief, or in a +statement; assent; (b) the final word or act; (c) Christ as +being one who is true and faithful. +And let all the people say, Amen. +Ps. cvi. 48. +Amen, amen, I say to thee, except a man be born again, he +can not see the kingdom of Gods. +John ii. 3. Rhemish Trans. +To say w to, to approve warmly; to concur in heartily or +emphatically; to ratify; as, I say Amen to all. +A7men6, v. t. To say w to; to sanction fully. +AOmen7naObil6iOty (?), n. The quality of being amenable; +amenableness. + Coleridge. +AOme6naOble (?), a. [F. amener to lead; ? (L. ad) = mener to +lead, fr. L. minare to drive animals (properly by +threatening cries), in LL. to lead; L. minari, to threaten, +minae threats. See Menace.] 1. (Old Law) Easy to be led; +governable, as a woman by her husband. [Obs.] +Jacob. +2. Liable to be brought to account or punishment; +answerable; responsible; accountable; as, amenable to law. +Nor is man too diminutive... to be amenable to the divine +government. +I. Taylor. +3. Liable to punishment, a charge, a claim, etc. +4. Willing to yield or submit; responsive; tractable. +Sterling... always was amenable enough to counsel. +Carlyle. +AOme6naObleOness, n. The quality or state of being amenable; +liability to answer charges; answerableness. +AOme6naObly, adv. In an amenable manner. +Am6eeOnage (?), v. t. [OF. amesnagier. See Manage.] To +manage. [Obs.] +Spenser. +Am6eOnance (?), n. [OF. See Amenable.] Behavior; bearing. +[Obs.] +Spenser. +AOmend6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Amended; p. pr. & vb. n. +Amending.] [F. amender, L. emendare; e(ex) + mendum, menda, +fault, akin to Skr. minda personal defect. Cf. Emend, Mend.] +To change or modify in any way for the better; as, (a) by +simply removing what is erroneous, corrupt, superfluous, +faulty, and the like; (b) by supplying deficiencies; (c) by +substituting something else in the place of what is removed; +to rectify. +Mar not the thing that can not be amended. +Shak. +An instant emergency, granting no possibility for revision, +or opening for amended thought. +De Quincey. +We shall cheer her sorrows, and amend her blood, by wedding +her to a Norman. +Sir W. Scott. +To amend a bill, to make some change in the details or +provisions of a bill or measure while on its passage, +professedly for its improvement. +Syn. - To Amend, Emend, Correct, Reform, Rectify. These +words agree in the idea of bringing things into a more +perfect state. We correct (literally, make + + <-- p. 48 --> + +straight) when we conform things to some standard or rule; +as, to correct proof sheets. We amend by removing blemishes, +faults, or errors, and thus rendering a thing more a nearly +perfect; as, to amend our ways, to amend a text, the draft +of a bill, etc. Emend is only another form of amend, and is +applied chiefly to editions of books, etc. To reform is +literally to form over again, or put into a new and better +form; as, to reform one's life. To rectify is to make right; +as, to rectify a mistake, to rectify abuses, +inadvertencies, etc. +AOmend6 (?), v. i. To grow better by rectifying something +wrong in manners or morals; to improve. =My fortune... +amends.8 +Sir P. Sidney. +AOmend6aOble (?), a. Capable of being amended; as, an +amendable writ or error. P AOmend6aObleOness, n. +AOmend6aOtoOry (?), a. Supplying amendment; corrective; +emendatory. +Bancroft. +X A7mende6 (?), n. [F. See Amend.] A pecuniary punishment or +fine; a reparation or recantation. +w honorable (?). (Old French Law) A species of infamous +punishment in which the offender, being led into court with +a rope about his neck, and a lighted torch in his hand, +begged pardon of his God, the court, etc. In popular +language, the phrase now denotes a public apology or +recantation, and reparation to an injured party, for +improper language or treatment. +AOmend6er (?), n. One who amends. +AOmend6ful (?), a. Much improving. [Obs.] +AOmend6ment (?), n. [F. amendement, LL. amendamentum.] 1. An +alteration or change for the better; correction of a fault +or of faults; reformation of life by quitting vices. +2. In public bodies; Any alternation made or proposed to be +made in a bill or motion by adding, changing, substituting, +or omitting. +3. (Law) Correction of an error in a writ or process. +Syn. - Improvement; reformation; emendation. +AOmends6 (?), n. sing. & pl. [F. amendes, pl. of amende. Cf. +Amende.] Compensation for a loss or injury; recompense; +reparation. [Now const. with sing. verb.] =An honorable +amends.8 +Addison. +Yet thus far fortune maketh us amends. +Shak. +AOmen6iOty (?), n. pl. Amenities (?). [F. amnit, L. +amoenitas, fr. amoenus pleasant.] The quality of being +pleasant or agreeable, whether in respect to situation, +climate, manners, or disposition; pleasantness; civility; +suavity; gentleness. +A sweetness and amenity of temper. +Buckle. +This climate has not seduced by its amenities. +W. Howitt. +X AOmen7orOrh?6a (?), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? month + ? to flow: +cf. F. amnorrhe.] (Med.) Retention or suppression of the +menstrual discharge. +AOmen7orOrh?6al (?), a. Pertaining to amenorrh?a. +X A men6sa et tho6ro (?). [L., from board and bed.] (Law) A +kind of divorce which does not dissolve the marriage bong, +but merely authorizes a separate life of the husband and +wife. +Abbott. +Am6ent (?), n. [L. amentum thong or strap.] (Bot.) A species +of inflorescence; a catkin. +The globular ament of a buttonwood. +Coues. +Am7enOta6ceous (?), a. [LL. amentaceus.] (Bot.) (a) +Resembling, or consisting of, an ament or aments; as, the +chestnut has an amentaceous inflorescence. (b) Bearing +aments; having flowers arranged in aments; as, amentaceous +plants. +X AOmen6tiOa (?), n. [L.] (Med.) Imbecility; total want of +understanding. +Am7enOtif6erOous (?), a. [L. amentum + Oferous.] (Bot.) +Bearing catkins. +Balfour. +AOmen6tiOform (?), a. [L. amentum + Oform.] (Bot.) Shaped +like a catkin. +X AOmen6tum (?), n.; pl. Amenta (?). Same as Ament. +Am6eOnuse (?), v. t. [OF. amenuisier. See Minute.] To +lessen. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AOmerce6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Amerced (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Amercing.] [OF. amercier, fr. a merci at the mercy of, +liable to a punishment. See Mercy.] 1. To punish by a +pecuniary penalty, the amount of which is not fixed by law, +but left to the discretion of the court; as, the amerced the +criminal in the sum on the hundred dollars. +5 The penalty of fine may be expressed without a +preposition, or it may be introduced by in, with, or of. +2. To punish, in general; to mulct. +Millions of spirits for his fault amerced +Of Heaven. +Milton. + +Shall by him be amerced with penance due. +Spenser. +AOmerce6aOble (?), a. Liable to be amerced. +AOmerce6ment (?), n. [OF. amerciment.] The infliction of a +penalty at the discretion of the court; also, a mulct or +penalty thus imposed. It differs from a fine,in that the +latter is, or was originally, a fixed and certain sum +prescribed by statue for an offense; but an amercement is +arbitrary. Hence, the act or practice of affeering. [See +Affeer.] +Blackstone. +5 This word, in old books, is written amerciament. +w royal, a penalty imposed on an officer for a misdemeanor +in his office. +Jacobs. +AOmer6cer (?), n. One who amerces. +AOmer6ciaOment (?), n. [LL. amerciamentum.] Same as +Amercement. +Mozley & W. +AOmer6iOcan (?), a. [Named from Ameri?us Vespucius.] 1. Of +or pertaining to America; as, the American continent: +American Indians. +2. Of or pertaining to the United States. =A young officer +of the American navy.8 +Lyell. +w ivy. See Virginia creeper. P w Party (U. S. Politics), a +party, about 1854, which opposed the influence of +foreignPborn citizens, and those supposed to owe allegiance +to a foreign power. P Native ~ Party (U. S. Politics), a +party of principles similar to those of the w party. It +arose about 1843, but soon died out. +AOmer6iOcan (?), n. A native of America; P originally +applied to the aboriginal inhabitants, but now applied to +the descendants of Europeans born in America, and especially +to the citizens of the United States. +The name American must always exalt the pride of patriotism. +Washington. +AOmer6iOcanOism (?), n. 1. Attachment to the United States. +2. A custom peculiar to the United States or to America; an +American characteristic or idea. +3. A word or phrase peculiar to the United States. +AOmer7iOcanOiOza6tion (?), n. The process of Americanizing. +AOmer6iOcanOize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Americanizer (?); +p. pr. & vb. n. Americanizing.] To render American; to +assimilate to the Americans in customs, ideas, etc.; to +stamp with American characteristics. +Ames6Pace (?), n. Same as AmbsPace. +Am6ess (?), n. (Eccl.) Amice, a hood or cape. See 2d Amice. +X Am7eOtab6oOla (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zol.) A group of insects +which do not undergo any metamorphosis. [Written also +Ametabolia.] +AOmet7aObo6liOan (?), a. [Gr. ? unchangeable; ? priv. + ? +changeable, ? to change.] (Zol.) Of or pertaining to +insects that do undergo any metamorphosis. +{ AOme7aObol6ic (?), Am7eOtab6oOlous, } a. (Zol.) Not +undergoing any metamorphosis; as, ametabolic insects. +AOmeth6oOdist (?), n. [Pref. aO not + methodist.] One +without method; a quack. [Obs.] +Am6eOthyst (?), [F. ametiste, amatiste, F. amthyste, L. +amethystus, fr. Gr. ? without drunkenness; as a noun, a +remedy for drunkenness, the amethyst, supposed to have this +power; ? priv. + ? to be drunken, ? strong drink, wine. See +Mead.] +1. (Min.) A variety of crystallized quartz, of a purple or +bluish violet color, of different shades. It is much used as +a jeweler's stone. +Oriental ~, the violetPblue variety of transparent +crystallized corundum or sapphire. +2. (Her.) A purple color in a nobleman's escutcheon, or coat +of arms. +Am7eOthys6tine (?), a. [L. amethystinus, Gr. ?.] 1. +Resembling amethyst, especially in color; bluish violet. +2. Composed of, or containing, amethyst. +X Am7eOtro6piOa (?), n. [Gr. ? irregular + ?, ?, eye.] +(Med.) Any abnormal condition of the refracting powers of +the eye. P Am7eOtrop6ic (?), a. +AmOhar6ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to Amhara, a division of +Abyssinia; as, the Amharic language is closely allied to the +Ethiopic. P n. The Amharic language (now the chief language +of Abyssinia). +X Am6iOa (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ? a kind of tunny.] (Zol.) A +genus of freshPwater ganoid fishes, exclusively confined to +North America; called bowfin in Lake Champlain, dogfish in +Lake Erie, and mudfish in South Carolina, etc. See Bowfin. +A7miOaObil6iOty (?), n. The quality of being amiable; +amiableness; sweetness of disposition. +Every excellency is a degree of amiability. +Jer. Taylor. +A6miOaOble (?), a. [F. amiable, L. amicabilis friendly, fr. +amicus friend, fr. amare to love. The meaning has been +influenced by F. aimable, L. amabilis lovable, fr. amare to +love. Cf. Amicable, Amorous, Amability.] 1. Lovable; lovely; +pleasing. [Obs. or R.] +So amiable a prospect. +Sir T. Herbert. +2. Friendly; kindly; sweet; gracious; as, an amiable temper +or mood; amiable ideas. +3. Possessing sweetness of disposition; having sweetness of +temper, kindPheartedness, etc., which causes one to be +liked; as, an amiable woman. +4. Done out of love. [Obs.] +Lay an amiable siege to the honesty of this Ford's wife. +Shak. +A7miOaObleOness, n. The quality of being amiable; +amiability. +A6miOaObly, adv. In an amiable manner. +Am6iOanth (?), n. See Amianthus. [Poetic] +Am7iOan6thiOform (?), a. [Amianthus + Oform.] Resembling +amianthus in form. +Am7iOan6thoid (?), a. [Amianthus + Ooid: cf. F. amianto de.] +Resembling amianthus. +Am7iOan6thus (?), n. [L. amiantus, Gr. ? ? (lit., unsoiled +stone) a greenish stone, like asbestus; ? priv. + ? to +stain, to defile; so called from its incombustibility.] +(Min.) Earth flax, or mountain flax; a soft silky variety of +asbestus. +Am6ic (?), a. [L. ammonia + Oic.] (Chem.) Related to, or +derived, ammonia; P used chiefly as a suffix; as, amic acid; +phosphamic acid. +w acid (Chem.), one of a class of nitrogenized acids +somewhat resembling amides. +Am7iOcaObil6iOty (?), n. The quality of being amicable; +friendliness; amicableness. +Ash. +Am6iOcaOble (?), a. [L. amicabilis, fr. amicus friend, fr. +amare to love. See Amiable.] Friendly; proceeding from, or +exhibiting, friendliness; after the manner of friends; +peaceable; as, an amicable disposition, or arrangement. +That which was most remarkable in this contest was... the +amicable manner in which it was managed. +Prideoux. +w action (Law.), an action commenced and prosecuted by ~ +consent of the parties, for the purpose of obtaining a +decision of the court on some matter of law involved in it. +Bouvier. Burrill. P w numbers (Math.), two numbers, each of +which is equal to the sum of all the aliquot parts of the +other. +Syn. - Friendly; peaceable; kind; harmonious. P Amicable, +Friendly. Neither of these words denotes any great warmth of +affection, since friendly has by no means the same strength +as its noun friendship. It does, however, imply something of +real cordiality; while amicable supposes very little more +than that the parties referred to are not disposed to +quarrel. Hence, we speak of amicable relations between two +countries, an amicable adjustment of difficulties. =Those +who entertain friendly feelings toward each other can live +amicably together.8 +Am6iOcaObleOness (?), n. The quality of being amicable; +amicability. +Am6iOcaObly, adv. In an amicable manner. +Am6ice (?), n. [OE. amyse, prob. for amyt, OF. amit, ameit, +fr. L. amictus cloak, the word being confused with amice, +almuce, a hood or cape. See next word.] A square of white +linen worn at first on the head, but now about the neck and +shoulders, by priests of the Roman Catholic Church while +saying Mass. +5 Examples of the use of the words amice, a square of linen, +and amice, amess, or amyss, a hood or cape, show confusion +between them from an early date. +Am6ice, n. [OE. amuce, amisse, OF. almuce, aumuce, F. +aumusse, LL. almucium, almucia, aumucia: of unknown origin; +cf. G. mtze cap, prob. of the same origin. Cf. Mozetta.] +(Eccl.) A hood, or cape with a hood, made of lined with gray +fur, formerly worn by the clergy; P written also amess, +amyss, and almuce. +AOmid6 (?), prep. See Amidst. +Am6ide (?; 277), n. [Ammonia + Oide.] (Chem.) A compound +formed by the union of amidogen with an acid element or +radical. It may also be regarded as ammonia in which one or +more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by an acid atom or +radical. +Acid ~, a neutral compound formed by the substitution of the +amido group for hydroxyl in an acid. +Am6iOdin (?), n. [Cf. F. amidine, fr. amido? starch, fr. L. +amylum, Gr. ? fine meal, neut. of ? not ground at the mill, +P hence, of the finest meal; ? priv. + ?, ?, mill. See +Meal.] (Chem.) Start modified by heat so as to become a +transparent mass, like horn. It is soluble in cold water. +AOmi6do (?), a. [From Amide.] (Chem.) Containing, or derived +from, amidogen. +w acid, an acid in which a portion of the nonacid hydrogen +has been replaced by the ~ group. The ~ acids are both basic +and acid. P w group, amidogen, NH2. +AOmid6oOgen (?), n. [Amide + Ogen.] (Chem.) A compound +radical, NH2, not yet obtained in a separate state, which +may be regarded as ammonia from the molecule of which one of +its hydrogen atoms has been removed; P called also the amido +group, and in composition represented by the form amido. +AOmid6ships (?), adv. (Naut.) In the middle of a ship, with +regard to her length, and sometimes also her breadth. +Totten. +{ AOmidst6 (?) , AOmid6 (?), } prep. [OE. amidde, amiddes, +on midden, AS. on middan, in the middle, fr. midde the +middle. The s is an adverbial ending, originally marking the +genitive; the t is a later addition, as in whilst, amongst, +alongst. See Mid.] In the midst or middle of; surrounded or +encompassed by; among. =This fair tree amidst the garden.8 +=Unseen amid the throng.8 =Amidst thick clouds.8 Milton. +=Amidst acclamations.8 =Amidst the splendor and festivity of +a court.8 Macaulay. +But rather famish them amid their plenty. +Shak. +Syn. P Amidst, Among. These words differ to some extent from +each other, as will be seen from their etymology. Amidst +denotes in the midst or middle of, and hence surrounded by; +as, this work was written amidst many interruptions. Among +denotes a mingling or intermixing with distinct or separable +objects; as, =He fell among thieves.8 =Blessed art thou +among women.8 Hence, we say, among the moderns, among the +ancients, among the thickest of trees, among these +considerations, among the reasons I have to offer. Amid and +amidst are commonly used when the idea of separate or +distinguishable objects is not prominent. Hence, we say, +they kept on amidst the storm, amidst the gloom, he was +sinking amidst the waves, he persevered amidst many +difficulties; in none of which cases could among be used. In +like manner, Milton speaks of Abdiel, P +The seraph Abdiel, faithful found; +Among the faithless faithful only he, +because he was then considered as one of the angels. But +when the poet adds, P +From amidst them forth he passed, +we have rather the idea of the angels as a collective body. +Those squalid cabins and uncleared woods amidst which he was +born. +Macaulay. +Am6ine (?; 277), n. [Ammonia + Oine.] (Chem.) One of a class +of strongly basic substances derived from ammonia by +replacement of one or more hydrogen atoms by a basic atom or +radical. +Am6iOoid (?), a. (Zol.) Like or pertaining to the Amioidei. +P n. One of the Amioidei. +X Am7iOoi6deOi (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Amia + Ooid.] (Zol.) +An order of ganoid fishes of which Amis is type. See Bowfin +and Ganoidei. +X AOmir6 (?), n. Same as Ameer. +AOmiss6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + miss.] Astray; faultily; +improperly; wrongly; ill. +What error drives our eyes and ears amiss? +Shak. +Ye ask and receive not, because ye ask amiss. +James iv. 3. +To take (an act, thing) amiss, to impute a wrong motive to +(an act or thing); to take offense at' to take unkindly; as, +you must not take these questions amiss. + + <-- p. 49 --> + +AOmiss6 (?), a. Wrong; faulty; out of order; improper; as, +it may not be amiss to ask advice. [Used only in the +predicate.] +Dryden. +His wisdom and virtue can not always rectify that which is +amiss in himself or his circumstances. +Wollaston. +AOmiss6, n. A fault, wrong, or mistake. [Obs.] +Each toy seems prologue to some great amiss. +Shak. +AOmis7siObil6iOty (?), [Cf. F. amissibilit. See Amit.] The +quality of being amissible; possibility of being lost. [R.] +Notions of popular rights and the amissibility of sovereign +power for misconduct were alternately broached by the two +great religious parties of Europe. +Hallam. +AOmis6siOble (?), a. [L. amissibilis: cf. F. amissible.] +Liable to be lost. [R.] +AOmis6sion (?), n. [L. amissio: cf. F. amission.] +Deprivation; loss. [Obs.] +Sir T. Browne. +AOmit6 (?), v. t. [L. amittere, amissum, to lose; a (ab) + +mittere to send. See Missile.] To lose. [Obs.] +A lodestone fired doth presently amit its proper virtue. +Sir T. Browne. +Am6iOty (?), n.; pl. Amities (?). [F. amiti, OF. amisti, +amist, fr. an assumed LL. amisitas, fr. L. amicus friendly, +from amare to love. See Amiable.] Friendship, in a general +sense, between individuals, societies, or nations; friendly +relations; good understanding; as, a treaty of amity and +commerce; the amity of the Whigs and Tories. +To live on terms of amity with vice. +Cowper. +Syn. - Harmony; friendliness; friendship; affection; good +will; peace. +X Am6ma (?), n. [LL. amma, prob. of interjectional or +imitative origin: cf. Sp. ama, G. amme, nurse, Basque ama +mother, Heb. ?m, Ar. immun, ummun.] An abbes or spiritual +mother. +Am6meOter (?), n. (Physics) A contraction of amperometer or +amp +remeter. +Am6miOral (?), n. An obsolete form of admiral. =The mast of +some great ammiral.8 +Milton. +Am6mite (?), n. [Gr. ?, ?, sandstone, fr. ? or ? sand.] +(Geol.) Olite or roestone; P written also hammite. [Obs.] +Am6moOdyte (?), n. [L. ammodytes, Gr. ? sand burrower, a +kind of serpent; ? sand + ? diver, ? to dive.] (Zol.) (a) +One of a genus of fishes; the sand eel. (b) A kind of viper +in southern Europe. [Obs.] +AmOmo6niOa (?), n. [From sal ammoniac, which was first +obtaining near the temple of Jupiter Ammon, by burning +camel's dung. See Ammoniac.] (Chem.) A gaseous compound of +hydrogen and nitrogen, NH3, with a pungent smell and taste: +P often called volatile alkali, and spirits of hartshorn. +{ AmOmo6niOac (?), Am7moOni6aOcal (?), } a. Of or pertaining +to ammonia, or possessing its properties; as, an ammoniac +salt; ammoniacal gas. +Ammoniacal engine, an engine in which the vapor of ammonia +is used as the motive force. P Sal ammoniac [L. sal +ammoniacus], the salt usually called chloride of ammonium, +and formerly muriate of ammonia. +AmOmo6niOac (or Gum7 amOmo6niOac), n. [L. Ammoniacum, Gr. ? +a resinous gum, said to distill from a tree near the temple +of Jupiter Ammon; cf. F. ammoniac. See Ammonite.] (Med.) The +concrete juice (gum resin) of an umbelliferous plant, the +Dorema ammoniacum. It is brought chiefly from Persia in the +form of yellowish tears, which occur singly, or are +aggregated into masses. It has a peculiar smell, and a +nauseous, sweet taste, followed by a bitter one. It is +inflammable, partially soluble in water and in spirit of +wine, and is used in medicine as an expectorant and +resolvent, and for the formation of certain plasters. +AmOmo6niOa7ted (?), a. (Chem.) Combined or impregnated with +ammonia. +AmOmo6nic (?), a. Of or pertaining to ammonia. +Am6monOite (?), n. [L. cornu Ammonis born of Ammon; L. +Ammon, Gr. ? an appellation of Jupiter, as represented with +the horns of a ram. It was originally the name of an. +Egyptian god, Amun.] (Paleon.) A fossil cephalopod shell +related to the nautilus. There are many genera and species, +and all are extinct, the typical forms having existed only +in the Mesozoic age, when they were exceedingly numerous. +They differ from the nautili in having the margins of the +septa very much lobed or plaited, and the siphuncle dorsal. +Also called serpent stone, snake stone, and cornu Ammonis. +Am7monOiOtif6erOous (?), a. [Ammonite + Oferous.] Containing +fossil ammonites. +X AmOmon7iOtoid6eOa (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Ammonite + Ooid.] +(Zol.) An extensive group of fossil cephalopods often very +abundant in Mesozoic rocks. See Ammonite. +AmOmo6niOum (?), n. [See Ammonia.] (Chem.) A compound +radical, NH4, having the chemical relations of a strongly +basic element like the alkali metals. +Am7muOni6tion (?), n. [F. amunition, for munition, prob. +caused by taking la munition as l'amunition. See Munition.] +1. Military stores, or provisions of all kinds for attack or +defense. [Obs.] +2. Articles used in charging firearms and ordnance of all +kinds; as powder, balls, shot, shells, percussion caps, +rockets, etc. +3. Any stock of missiles, literal or figurative. +w bread, shoes, etc., such as are contracted for by +government, and supplied to the soldiers. [Eng.] +Am7muOni6tion (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ammunitioned (?); p +pr. & vb. n. Ammunitioning.] To provide with ammunition. +X AmOne6siOa (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? to +remember.] (Med.) Forgetfulness; also, a defect of speech, +from cerebral disease, in which the patient substitutes +wrong words or names in the place of those he wishes to +employ. +Quian. +AmOne6sic (?), a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to amnesia. +=Amnesic or cordinate defects.8 +Quian. +AmOnes6tic (?), a. Causing loss of memory. +Am6nesOty (?), n. [L. amnestia, Gr. ?, a forgetting, fr. ? +forgotten, forgetful; ? priv. + ? to remember: cf. F. +amnistie, earlier amnestie. See Mean, v.] 1. Forgetfulness; +cessation of remembrance of wrong; oblivion. +2. An act of the sovereign power granting oblivion, or a +general pardon, for a past offense, as to subjects concerned +in an insurrection. +Am6nesOty, v. t. [imp. p. p. Amnestied (?); p. pr. & vb. n. +Amnestying.] To grant ~ to. +AmOnic6oOlist (?), n. [L. amnicola, amnis a river + colere +to dwell.] One who lives near a river. [Obs.] +Bailey. +AmOnig6eOnous (?), a. [L. amnigena; amnis a river + root gen +of gignere to beget.] Born or bred in, of, or near a river. +[Obs.] +Bailey. +Am6niOon (?), n. [Gr. ? the membrane round the fetus, dim. +of ? lamb.] (Anat.) A thin membrane surrounding the embryos +of mammals, birds, and reptiles. +Am6niOos (?), n. Same as Amnion. +X Am7niOo6ta (?), n. pl. [NL. See Amnion.] (Zol.) That +group of vertebrates which develops in its embryonic life +the envelope called the amnion. It comprises the reptiles, +the birds, and the mammals. +Am7niOot6ic (?), a. [Cf. F. amniotique.] (Anat.) Of or +pertaining to the amnion; characterized by an amnion; as, +the amniotic fluid; the amniotic sac. +w acid. (Chem.) [R.] See Allantoin. +AOm?6ba (?), n; pl. L. Am?b (?); E. Am?bas (?). [NL., fr. +Gr. ? change.] (Zol.) A rhizopod. common in fresh water, +capable of undergoing many changes of form at will. See +Rhizopoda. +X Am7?Ob6um (?), n. [L. amoebaeus, Gr. ?, alternate; L. +amoebaeum carmen, Gr. ? ?, a responsive song, fr. ? change.] +A poem in which persons are represented at speaking +alternately; as the third and seventh eclogues of Virgil. +X Am7?Obe6a (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zol.) That division of the +Rhizopoda which includes the am?ba and similar forms. +Am7?Obe6an (?), a. Alternately answering. +AOm?6biOan (?), n. (Zol.) One of the Am?bea. +{ AOm?6biOform (?), AOm?6boid (?), } a. [Am?ba + Oform or +Ooid.] (Biol.) Resembling an am?ba; am?baPshaped; changing +in shape like an am?ba. +w movement, movement produced, as in the am?ba, by +successive processes of prolongation and retraction. +AOm?6bous (?), a. Like an am?ba in structure. +Am7oOli6tion (?), n. [L. amolitio, fr. amoliri to remove; a +(ab) + moliri to put in motion.] Removal; a putting away. +[Obs.] +Bp. Ward (1673). +X AOmo6mum (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ? an Indian spice plant.] +(Bot.) A genus of aromatic plants. It includes species which +bear cardamoms, and grains of paradise. +AOmon6este (?), v. t. To admonish. [Obs.] +{ AOmong6 (?), AOmongst6 (?), } prep. [OE. amongist, +amonges, amonge, among, AS. onmang, ongemang, gemang, in a +crowd or mixture. For the ending Ost see Amidst. See +Mingle.] 1. Mixed or mingled; surrounded by. +They heard, +And from his presence hid themselves among +The thickest trees. +Milton. + +2. Conjoined, or associated with, or making part of the +number of; in the number or class of. +Blessed art thou among women. +Luke i. 28. +3. Expressing a relation of dispersion, distribution, etc.; +also, a relation of reciprocal action. +What news among the merchants? +Shak. +Human sacrifices were practiced among them. +Hume. +Divide that gold amongst you. +Marlowe. +Whether they quarreled among themselves, or with their +neighbors. +Addison. +Syn. - Amidst; between. See Amidst, Between. +X AOmon7tilOla6do (?), n. [Sp.] A dry kind of cherry, of a +light color. +Simmonds. +Am6oOret (?), n. [OF. amorette, F. amourette, dim. of +amour.] 1. An amorous girl or woman; a wanton. [Obs.] +J. Warton. +2. A love knot, love token, or love song. (pl.) Love glances +or love tricks. [Obs.] +3. A petty love affair or amour. [Obs.] +Am6oOrette6 (?), n. An amoret. [Obs.] +Rom. of R. +Am6oOrist (?), n. [L. armor love. See Amorous.] A lover; a +gallant. [R.] +Milton. +It was the custom for an amorist to impress the name of his +mistress in the dust, or upon the damp earth, with letters +fixed upon his shoe. +Southey. +APmorn6ings (?), adv. [See Amorwe. The Os is a genitival +ending. See Owards.] In the morning; every morning. [Obs.] +And have such pleasant walks into the woods +AOmornings. +J. Fletcher. +X Am7oOro6sa (?), n. [It. amoroso, fem. amorosa.] A wanton +woman; a courtesan. +Sir T. Herbert. +Am7oOros6iOty (?), n. The quality of being amorous; +lovingness. [R.] +Galt. +X Am7oOro6so (?), n. [It. amoroso, LL. amorosus.] A lover; a +man enamored. +X Am7oOro6so, adv. [It.] (Mus.) In a soft, tender, amatory +style. +Am6oOrous (?), a. [OF. amoros, F. amoreux, LL. amorosus, fr. +L. amor love, fr. amare to love.] 1. Inclined to love; +having a propensity to love, or to sexual enjoyment; loving; +fond; affectionate; as, an amorous disposition. +2. Affected with love; in love; enamored; P usually with of; +formerly with on. +Thy roses amorous of the moon. +Keats. +High nature amorous of the good. +Tennyson. +Sure my brother is amorous on Hero. +Shak. +3. Of or relating to, or produced by, love. =Amorous +delight.8 Milton. =Amorous airs.8 Waller. +Syn. - Loving; fond; tender; passionate; affectionate; +devoted; ardent. +Am6oOrousOly, adv. In an amorous manner; fondly. +Am6oOrousOness, n. The quality of being amorous, or inclined +to sexual love; lovingness. +AOmor6pha (?), n.; pl. Amorphas (?). [Gr. ? shapeless.] +(Bot.) A genus of leguminous shrubs, having long clusters of +purple flowers; false or bastard indigo. +Longfellow. +AOmor6phism (?), n. [See Amorphous.] A state of being +amorphous; esp. a state of being without crystallization +even in the minutest particles, as in glass, opal, etc. +There are stony substances which, when fused, may cool as +glass or as stone; the glass state is (Chem.) spoken of as a +state of amorphism. +AOmor6phous (?), a. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? form.] 1. Having no +determinate form; of irregular; shapeless. +Kirwan. +2. Without crystallization in the ultimate texture of a +solid substance; uncrystallized. +3. Of no particular kind or character; anomalous. +Scientific treatises... are not seldom rude and amorphous in +style. +Hare. +P AOmor6phousOly, adv. P AOmor6phousOness, n. +X AOmor7phoOzo6a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? shapeless; ? +priv. + ? form + ? animal.] (Zol.) Animals without a mouth +or regular internal organs, as the sponges. +AOmor7phoOzo6ic (?), a. (Zol.) Of or pertaining to the +Amorphozoa. +AOmor6phy (?), n. [Gr. ?: cf. F. amorphie. See Amorphous.] +Shapelessness. [Obs.] +Swift. +AOmort6 (?), a. [Pref. aO + F. mort death, dead; all amort +is for alamort.] As if dead; lifeless; spiritless; dejected; +depressed. +Shak. +AOmor6tise (?), v., AOmor7tiOsa6tion (?), n., +AOmor6tisOaOble (?), a. AOmor6tiseOment (?), n. Same as +Amortize, Amortization, etc. +AOmor6tizOaOble (?), a. [Cf. F. amortissable.] Capable of +being cleared off, as a debt. +AOmor7tiOza6tion (?), n. [LL. amortisatio, admortizatio. See +Amortize, and cf. Admortization.] 1. (Law) The act or right +of alienating lands to a corporation, which was considered +formerly as transferring them to dead hands, or in mortmain. +2. The extinction of a debt, usually by means of a sinking +fund; also, the money thus paid. +Simmonds. +AOmor6tize (?), v. t. [OE. amortisen, LL. amortisare, +admortizare, F. amortir to sell in mortmain, to extinguish; +L. ad + mors death. See Mortmain. 1. To make as if dead; to +destroy. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +2. (Law) To alienate in mortmain, that is, to convey to a +corporation. See Mortmain. +3. To clear off or extinguish, as a debt, usually by means +of a sinking fund. +AOmor6tizeOment (?), n. [F. amortissement.] Same as +Amortization. +AOmor6we (?), adv. [Pref. aO on + OE. morwe. See Morrow.] 1. +In the morning. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +2. On the following morning. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AOmo6tion (?), n. [L. amotio. See Amove.] 1. Removal; +ousting; especially, the removal of a corporate officer from +his office. +2. Deprivation of possession. +X AOmo6tus (?), a. [L., withdrawn (from it?place).] (Zol.) +Elevated, P as a toe, when raised so high that the tip does +not touch the ground. +AOmount6 (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Amounted; p. pr. & vb. n. +Amounting.] [OF. amonter to increase, advance, ascend, fr. +amont (equiv. to L. ad montem to the mountain) upward, F. +amont up the river. See Mount, n.] 1. To go up; to ascend. +[Obs.] +So up he rose, and thence amounted straight. +Spenser. +2. To rise or reach by an accumulation of particular sums or +quantities; to come (to) in the aggregate or whole; P with +to or unto. +3. To rise, reach, or extend in effect, substance, or +influence; to be equivalent; to come practically (to); as, +the testimony amounts to very little. +AOmount6, v. t. To signify; to ~ to. [Obs.] +AOmount6, n. 1. The sum total of two or more sums or +quantities; the aggregate; the whole quantity; a totality; +as, the amount of 7 and 9 is 16; the amount of a bill; the +amount of this year's revenue. +2. The effect, substance, value, significance, or result; +the sum; as, the amount of the testimony is this. +The whole amount of that enormous fame. +Pope. +AOmour6 (?), n. [F., fr. L. amor love.] 1. Love; affection. +[Obs.] +2. Love making; a love affair; usually, an unlawful +connection in love; a love intrigue; an illicit love affair. +In amours with, in love with. [Obs.] + + <-- p. 50 --> + +X A6mour7 pro6pre (?). [F.] SelfPlove; selfPesteem. +AOmov7aObil6iOty (?), n. Liability to be removed or +dismissed from office. [R.] +T. Jefferson. +AOmov6aOble (?), a. [Cf. F. amovible.] Removable. +AOmove6 (?), v. t. [L. amovere; aP (ab) + movere to move: +cf. OF. amover.] 1. To remove, as a person or thing, from a +position. [Obs.] Dr. H. More. +2. (Law) To dismiss from an office or station. +AOmove6, v. t. & i. [OE. amovir, L. admovere to move to, to +excite; ad + movere.] To move or be moved; to excite. [Obs.] +Spenser. +Am6peOlite (?), n. [L. ampelitis, Gr. ?, fr. ? vine.] (Min.) +An earth abounding in pyrites, used by the ancients to kill +insects, etc., on vines; P applied by Brongniart to a +carbonaceous alum schist. +{ X Am7p +re6 (?), AmOpere6 (?),} n. [From the name of a +French electrician.] (Elec.) The unit of electric current; P +defined by the International Electrical Congress in 1893 and +by U. S. Statute as, one tenth of the unit of current of the +C. G. S. system of electroPmagnetic units, or the practical +equivalent of the unvarying current which, when passed +through a standard solution of nitrate of silver in water, +deposits silver at the rate of 0.001118 grams per second. +Called also the international amp +re. +{ X Am7p +re6me7ter (?), Am7peOrom6eOter (?),} n. [Amp +re + +meter.] (Physics) An instrument for measuring the strength +of an electrical current in amp +res. +Am6perOsand (?), n. [A corruption of and, per se and, i. e., +? by itself makes and.] A word used to describe the +character ?, ?, or &. +Halliwell. +AmOphiO. [Gr. ?.] A prefix in words of Greek origin, +signifying both, of both kinds, on both sides, about, +around. +Am7phiOarOthro6diOal (?), a. [Pref. amphiP + arthrodial.] +Characterized by amphiarthrosis. +Am7phiOarOthro6sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? + ? a joining, ? +a joint.] (Anat.) A form of articulation in which the bones +are connected by intervening substance admitting slight +motion; symphysis. +Am6phiOas7ter (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? + ? a star.] (Biol.) +The achromatic figure, formed in mitotic cellPdivision, +consisting of two asters connected by a spindlePshaped +bundle of rodlike fibers diverging from each aster, and +called the spindle. +X AmOphib6iOa (?), n. pl. [See Amphibium.] (Zol.) One of +the classes of vertebrates. +5 The Amphibia are distinguished by having usually no +scales, by having eggs and embryos similar to those of +fishes, and by undergoing a complete metamorphosis, the +young having gills. There are three living orders: (1) The +tailless, as the frogs (Anura); (2) The tailed (Urodela), as +the salamanders, and the siren group (Sirenoidea), which +retain the gills of the young state (hence called +Perennibranchiata) through the adult state, among which are +the siren, proteus, etc.; (3) The C?cilians, or serpentlike +Amphibia (Ophiomorpha or Gymnophiona), with minute scales +and without limbs. The extinct Labyrinthodouts also +belonged to this class. The term is sometimes loosely +applied to both reptiles and amphibians collectively. +AmOphib6iOal (Pal), & n. Amphibian. [R.] +AmOphib6iOan (Pan), a. (Zol.) Of or pertaining to the +Amphibia; as, amphibian reptiles. +AmOphib6iOan, n. (Zol.) One of the Amphibia. +AmOphib7iOoOlog6icOal (?), a. Pertaining to amphibiology. +AmOphib7iOol6oOgy (?), n. [Gr. ? amphibious + Plogy: cf. F. +amphibiologie.] A treatise on amphibious animals; the +department of natural history which treats of the Amphibia. +X AmOphib7iOot6iOca (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? + ? +pertaining to life.] (Zol.) A division of insects having +aquatic larv. +AmOphib6iOous (?), a. [Gr. ? living a double life, i. e., +both on land in water; ? + ? life.] 1. Having the ability to +live both on land and in water, as frogs, crocodiles, +beavers, and some plants. +2. Pertaining to, adapted for, or connected with, both land +and water. +The amphibious character of the Greeks was already +determined: they were to be lords of land and sea. +Hare. +3. Of a mixed nature; partaking of two natures. +Not in free and common socage, but in this amphibious +subordinate class of villein socage. +Blackstone. +AmOphib6iOousOly, adv. Like an amphibious being. +AmOphib6iOousOness, n. The quality of being amphibious; +ability to live in two elements. +X AmOphib6iOum (?), n.; pl. L. Amphibia (?); E. Amphibiums +(?). [NL., fr. Gr. ? (sc. ? an animal). See Amphibious.] An +amphibian. +Am7phiObias6tic (?), a. [Gr. ? + ? tending to sprout.] +(Biol.) Segmenting unequally; P said of telolecithal ova +with complete segmentation. +Am6phiObole (?), n. [Gr. ? doubtful, equivocal, fr. ? to +throw round, to doubt: cf. F. amphibole. Hay so named the +genus from the great variety of color and composition +assumed by the mineral.] (Min.) A common mineral embracing +many varieties varying in color and in composition. It +occurs in monoclinic crystals; also massive, generally with +fibrous or columnar structure. The color varies from white +to gray, green, brown, and black. It is a silicate of +magnetism and calcium, with usually aluminium and iron. Some +common varieties are tremolite, actinolite, asbestus, +edenite, hornblende (the last name being also used as a +general term for the whole species). Amphibole is a +constituent of many crystalline rocks, as syenite, diorite, +most varieties of trachyte, etc. See Hornblende. +Am7phiObol6ic (?), a. 1. Of or pertaining to amphiboly; +ambiguous; equivocal. +2. Of or resembling the mineral amphibole. +AmOphib7oOlog6icOal (?), a. Of doubtful meaning; ambiguous. +=Amphibological expressions.8 +Jer. Taylor. P AmOphib7oOlog6icOalOly, adv. +Am7phiObol6oOgy (?), n.; pl. Amphibologies (?). [L. +amphibologia, for amphibolia, fr. Gr. ?, with the ending +Plogia as if fr. Gr. ? ambiguous + ? speech: cf. F. +amphibologie. See Amphiboly.] A phrase, discourse, or +proposition, susceptible of two interpretations; and hence, +of uncertain meaning. It differs from equivocation, which +arises from the twofold sense of a single term. +AmOphib6oOlous (?), a. [L. amphibolus, Gr. ? thrown about, +doubtful. [Obs.] +Never was there such an amphibolous quarrel P both parties +declaring themselves for the king. +Howell. +2. (Logic) Capable of two meanings. +An amphibolous sentence is one that is capable of two +meanings, not from the double sense of any of the words, but +from its admitting of a double construction; e. g., =The +duke yet lives that Henry shall depose.8 +Whately. +AmOphib6oOly (?), n.; pl. Amphibolies (?). [L. amphibolia, +Gr. ?: cf. OE. amphibolie. See Amphibolous.] Ambiguous +discourse; amphibology. +If it oracle contrary to our interest or humor, we will +create an amphiboly, a double meaning where there is none. +Whitlock. +Am6phiObranch (?), n. [L. ?, Gr. ? short at both ends; ? + ? +short.] (Anc. Pros.) A foot of three syllables, the middle +one long, the first and last short (? P ?); as, h?b?r?. In +modern prosody the accented syllable takes the place of the +long and the unaccented of the short; as, proPphet6ic. +{ Am7phiOcar6pic (?), Am7phiOcar6pous (?),} a. [Gr. ? + ? +fruit.] (Bot.) Producing fruit of two kinds, either as to +form or time of ripening. +Am7phiOchro6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? + ? color.] (Chem.) Exhibiting +or producing two colors, as substances which in the color +test may change red litmus to blue and blue litmus to red. +{ Am7phiOc?6liOan (?), Am7phiOc?6lous (?),} a. [Gr. ? +hollowed all round; ? + ? hollow.] (Zol.) Having both ends +concave; biconcave; P said of vertebr. +Am6phiOcome (?), n. [Gr. ? with hair all round; ? + ? hair.] +A kind of figured stone, rugged and beset with eminences, +anciently used in divination. [Obs.] +Encyc. Brit. +AmOphic7tyOon6ic (?), a. [Gr. ?.] Of or pertaining to the +Amphictyons or their League or Council; as, an Amphictyonic +town or state; the Amphictyonic body. +W. Smith. +AmOphic6tyOons (?), n. pl. [L. Amphictyones, Gr. ?. Prob. +the word was orig. ? dwellers around, neighbors.] (Grecian +Hist.) Deputies from the confederated states of ancient +Greece to a congress or council. They considered both +political and religious matters. +AmOphic6tyOoOny (?), n.; pl. Amphictyonies (?). [Gr. ?.] +(Grecian Hist.) A league of states of ancient Greece; esp. +the celebrated confederation known as the Amphictyonic +Council. Its object was to maintain the common interests of +Greece. +Am6phid (?), n. [Gr. ? both: cf. F. amphide.] (Chem.) A salt +of the class formed by the combination of an acid and a +base, or by the union of two oxides, two sulphides, +selenides, or tellurides, as distinguished from a haloid +compound. [R.] +Berzelius. +Am6phiOdisc (?), n. [Gr. ? + ? a round plate.] (Zol.) A +peculiar small siliceous spicule having a denticulated wheel +at each end; P found in freshwater sponges. +Am7phiOdrom6icOal (?), a. [Gr. ? running about or around.] +Pertaining to an Attic festival at the naming of a child; P +so called because the friends of the parents carried the +child around the hearth and then named it. +AmOphig6aOmous (?), a. [Gr. ? + ? marriage.] (Bot.) Having a +structure entirely cellular, and no distinct sexual organs; +P a term applied by De Candolle to the lowest order of +plants. +Am7phiOge6an (?), a. [Gr. ? + ?, ?, the earth.] Extending +over all the zones, from the tropics to the polar zones +inclusive. +Am6phiOgen (?), n. [Gr. ? + Pgen: cf. F. amphig +ne.] (Chem.) +An element that in combination produces amphid salt; P +applied by Berzelius to oxygen, sulphur, selenium, and +tellurium. [R.] +Am6phiOgene (?), n. (Min.) Leucite. +Am7phiOgen6eOsis (?), n. [Gr. ? + ? generation.] (Biol.) +Sexual generation; amphigony. +AmOphig6eOnous (?), a. (Bot.) Increasing in size by growth +on all sides, as the lichens. +Am7phiOgon6ic (?), a. Pertaining to amphigony; sexual; as, +amphigonic propagation. [R.] +AmOphig6oOnous (?), a. [Gr. ? + ? a begetting.] Relating to +both parents. [R.] +AmOphig6oOny (?), n. Sexual propagation. [R.] +Am7phiOgor6ic (?), a. [See Amphigory.] Nonsensical; absurd; +pertaining to an amphigory. +Am6phiOgoOry (?), n. [F. amphigouri, of uncertain +derivation; perh. fr. Gr. ? + ? a circle.] A nonsense verse; +a rigmarole, with apparent meaning, which on further +attention proves to be meaningless. [Written also +amphigouri.] +{ AmOphil6oOgism (?), AmOphil6oOgy (?),} n. [Gr. ? + Plogy.] +Ambiguity of speech; equivocation. [R.] +AmOphim6aOcer (?), n. [L. amphimacru?, Gr. ?; ? on both +sides + ? long.] (Anc. Pros.) A foot of three syllables, the +middle one short and the others long, as in c>st?t>s. +Andrews. +X Am7phiOneu6ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. ? + ? sinew, nerve.] +(Zol.) A division of Mollusca remarkable for the bilateral +symmetry of the organs and the arrangement of the nerves. +X Am7phiOox6us (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? + ? sharp.] (Zol.) A +fishlike creature (Amphioxus lanceolatus), two or three +inches long, found in temperature seas; P also called the +lancelet. Its body is pointed at both ends. It is the lowest +and most generalized of the vertebrates, having neither +brain, skull, vertebr, nor red blood. It forms the type of +the group Acrania, Leptocardia, etc. +AmOphip6neust (?), n. [Gr. ? + ? one who breathes, ? to +breathe.] (Zol.) One of a tribe of Amphibia, which have +both lungs and gills at the same time, as the proteus and +siren. +Am6phiOpod (?), n. (Zol.) One of the Amphipoda. +{ Am6phiOpod (?), AmOphip6oOdan (?),} a. (Zol.) Of or +pertaining to the Amphipoda. +X AmOphip6oOda (?), n. pl. [NL., FR. Gr. ? + ?, ? foot.] +(Zol.) A numerous group of fourteen P footed Crustacea, +inhabiting both fresh and salt water. The body is usually +compressed laterally, and the anterior pairs or legs are +directed downward and forward, but the posterior legs are +usually turned upward and backward. The beach flea is an +example. See Tetradecapoda and Arthrostraca. +AmOphip6oOdous (?), a. (Zol.) Of or pertaining to the +Amphipoda. +AmOphip6roOstyle (?), a. [L. amphiprostylos, Gr. ? having a +double prostyle: cf. F. amphiprostyle. See Prostyle.] +(Arch.) Doubly prostyle; having columns at each end, but not +at the sides. P n. An amphiprostyle temple or edifice. +X Am7phiOrhi6na (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? + ?, ?, nose.] +(Zol.) A name applied to the elasmobranch fishes, because +the nasal sac is double. +X Am7phisOb6na (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?; ? on both ends + ? +to go.] 1. A fabled serpent with a head at each end, moving +either way. +Milton. +2. (Zol.) A genus of harmless lizards, serpentlike in form, +without legs, and with both ends so much alike that they +appear to have a head at each, and ability to move either +way. See Illustration in Appendix. +5 The Gordius aquaticus, or hairworm, has been called an +amphisbna; but it belongs among the worms. +X Am7phisOb6noid (?), a. [NL., fr. L. amphisbaena + Poid.] +(Zol.) Like or pertaining to the lizards of the genus +Amphisbna. +{ X AmOphis6ciOi (?), AmOphis6cians (?),} n. pl. [Gr. ? +throwing a shadow both ways; ? + ? shadow.] The inhabitants +of the tropic, whose shadows in one part of the year are +cast to the north, and in the order to the south, according +as the sun is south or north of their zenith. +AmOphis6toOmous (?), a. [Gr. ? + ? mouth.] (Zol.) Having a +sucker at each extremity, as certain entozoa, by means of +which they adhere. +Am7phiOsty6lic (?), a. [Gr. ? + ? pillar, support.] (Anat.) +Having the mandibular arch articulated with the hyoid arch +and the cranium, as in the cestraciont sharks; P said of a +skull. +{ Am7phiOthe6aOter, Am7phiOthe6aOtre,} (?), n. [L. +amphitheatrum, fr. Gr. ?; ? + ? theater: cf. F. +amphithtre. See Theater.] 1. An oval or circular building +with rising tiers of seats about an open space called the +arena. +5 The Romans first constructed amphitheaters for combats of +gladiators and wild beasts. +2. Anything resembling an amphitheater in form; as, a level +surrounded by rising slopes or hills, or a rising gallery in +a theater. +Am7phiOthe6aOtral (?), a. [L. amphitheatralis: cf. F. +amphithtral.] Amphitheatrical; resembling an amphitheater. +{ Am7phiOtheOat6ric (?), Am7phiOtheOat6ricOal (?),} a. [L. +amphitheatricus.] Of, pertaining to, exhibited in, or +resembling, an amphitheater. +Am7phiOtheOat6ricOalOly, adv. In the form or manner of an +amphitheater. +X AmOphit6roOcha (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? + ? a wheel.] +(Zol.) A kind of annelid larva having both a dorsal and a +ventral circle of special cilia. +{ AmOphit6roOpal (?), AmOphit6roOpous (?),} a. [Gr. ? + ? to +turn.] (Bot.) Having the + + <-- p. 51 --> + +ovule inverted, but with the attachment near the middle of +one side; half anatropous. +X Am7phiOu6ma (?), n. (Zol.) A genus of amphibians, +inhabiting the Southern United States, having a serpentlike +form, but with four minute limbs and two persistent gill +openings; the Congo snake. +Am7phoOpep6tone (?), n. [Gr. ? + E. peptone.] (Physiol.) A +product of gastric digestion, a mixture of hemipeptone and +antipeptone. +X Am6phoOra (?), n.; pl. Amophor (?). [L., fr. Gr. ?, ?, a +jar with two handles; ? + ? bearer, ? to bear. Cf. Ampul.] +Among the ancients, a twoPhandled vessel, tapering at the +bottom, used for holding wine, oil, etc. +Am6phoOral (?), a. [L. amphoralis.] Pertaining to, or +resembling, an amphora. +AmOphor6ic (?), a. (Med.) Produced by, or indicating, a +cavity in the lungs, not filled, and giving a sound like +that produced by blowing into an empty decanter; as, +amphoric respiration or resonance. +Am7phoOter6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? both.] Partly one and partly +the other; neither acid nor alkaline; neutral. [R.] +Smart. +Am6ple (?), a. [F. ample, L. amplus, prob. for ambiplus full +on both sides, the last syllable akin to L. plenus full. See +Full, and cf. Double.] Large; great in size, extent, +capacity, or bulk; spacious; roomy; widely extended. +All the people in that ample house +Did to that image bow their humble knees. +Spenser. +2. Fully sufficient; abundant; liberal; copious; as, an +ample fortune; ample justice. +3. Not contracted of brief; not concise; extended; +diffusive; as, an ample narrative. +Johnson. +Syn. - Full; spacious; extensive; wide; capacious; abundant; +plentiful; plenteous; copious; bountiful; rich; liberal; +munificent. P Ample, Copious, Abundant, Plenteous. These +words agree in representing a thing as large, but under +different relations, according to the image which is used. +Ample implies largeness, producing a sufficiency or fullness +of supply for every want; as, ample stores or resources, +ample provision. Copious carries with it the idea of flow, +or of collection at a single point; as, a copious supply of +materials. =Copious matter of my song.8 Milton. Abundant and +plenteous refer to largeness of quantity; as, abundant +stores; plenteous harvests. +AmOplec6tant (?), a. [L. amplecti to embrace.] (Bot.) +Clasping a support; as, amplectant tendrils. +Gray. +Am6pleOness (?), n. The state or quality of being ample; +largeness; fullness; completeness. +Am7plexOa6tion (?), n. [L. amplexari to embrace.] An +embrace. [Obs.] +An humble amplexation of those sacred feet. +Bp. Hall. +AmOplex6iOcaul (?), a. [L. amplexus, p. p. of amplecti to +encircle, to embrace + caulis stem: cf. F. amplexicaule.] +(Bot.) Clasping or embracing a stem, as the base of some +leaves. +Gray. +Am6pliOate (?), v. t. [L. ampliatus, p. p. of ampliare to +make wider, fr. amplus. See Ample.] To enlarge. [R.] +To maintain and ampliate the external possessions of your +empire. +Udall. +Am6pliOate (?), a. (Zol.) Having the outer edge prominent; +said of the wings of insects. +Am7pliOa6tion (?), n. [L. ampliatio: cf. F. ampliation.] 1. +Enlargement; amplification. [R.] +2. (Civil Law) A postponement of the decision of a cause, +for further consideration or rePargument. +Am6pliOaOtive (?), a. (Logic) Enlarging a conception by +adding to that which is already known or received. +=All bodies possess power of attraction8 is an ampliative +judgment; because we can think of bodies without thinking of +attraction as one of their immediate primary attribute. +Abp. W. Thomson. +AmOplif6iOcate (?), v. t. [L. amplificatus, p. p. of +amplificare.] To amplify. [Obs.] +Bailey. +Am7pliOfiOca6tion (?), n. [L. amplificatio.] 1. The act of +amplifying or enlarging in dimensions; enlargement; +extension. +2. (Rhet.) The enlarging of a simple statement by +particularity of description, the use of epithets, etc., for +rhetorical effect; diffuse narrative or description, or a +dilating upon all the particulars of a subject. +Exaggeration is a species of amplification. +Brande & C. +I shall summarily, without any amplification at all, show in +what manner defects have been supplied. +Sir J. Davies. +3. The matter by which a statement is amplified; as, the +subject was presented without amplifications. +AmOplif6iOcaOtive (?), a. Amplificatory. +AmOplif6iOcaOtoOry (?), a. Serving to amplify or enlarge; +amplificative. +Morell. +Am6pliOfi7er (?), n. One who or that which amplifies. +Am6pliOfy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Amplified (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Amplifying.] [F. amplifier, L. amplificare. See +Ample, Ofy.] 1. To render larger, more extended, or more +intense, and the like; P used especially of telescopes, +microscopes, etc. +2. (Rhet.) To enlarge by addition or discussion; to treat +copiously by adding particulars, illustrations, etc.; to +expand; to make much of. +Troilus and Cressida was written by a Lombard author, but +much amplified by our English translator. +Dryden. +Am6pliOfy (?), v. i. 1. To become larger. [Obs.] +Strait was the way at first, withouten light, +But further in did further amplify. +Fairfax. +2. To speak largely or copiously; to be diffuse in argument +or description; to dilate; to expatiate; P often with on or +upon. +Watts. +He must often enlarge and amplify upon the subject he +handles. +South. +Am6pliOtude (?), n. [L. amplitudo, fr. amplus: cf. F. +amplitude. See Ample.] 1. State of being ample; extent of +surface or space; largeness of dimensions; size. +The cathedral of Lincoln... is a magnificent structure, +proportionable to the amplitude of the diocese. +Fuller. +2. Largeness, in a figurative sense; breadth; abundance; +fullness. (a) Of extent of capacity or intellectual powers. +=Amplitude of mind.8 Milton. =Amplitude of comprehension.8 +Macaulay. (b) Of extent of means or resources. =Amplitude of +reward.8 Bacon. +3. (Astron.) (a) The arc of the horizon between the true +east or west point and the center of the sun, or a star, at +its rising or setting. At the rising, the ~ is eastern or +ortive: at the setting, it is western, occiduous, or +occasive. It is also northern or southern, when north or +south of the equator. (b) The arc of the horizon between the +true east or west point and the foot of the vertical circle +passing through any star or object. +4. (Gun.) The horizontal line which measures the distance to +which a projectile is thrown; the range. +5. (Physics) The extent of a movement measured from the +starting point or position of equilibrium; P applied +especially to vibratory movements. +6. (math.) An angle upon which the value of some function +depends; P a term used more especially in connection with +elliptic functions. +Magnetic ~, the angular distance of a heavenly body, when on +the horizon, from the magnetic east or west point as +indicated by the compass. The difference between the +magnetic and the true or astronomical ~ (see 3 above) is the +=variation of the compass.8 +Am6ply (?), adv. In an ample manner. +Am6pul (?), n. [AS. ampella, ampolla, L. ampulla: cf. OF. +ampolle, F. ampoule.] Same as Ampulla, 2. +X AmOpul6la, n.; pl. Ampull (?). [L. ] 1. (Rom. Antiq.) A +narrowPnecked vessel having two handles and bellying out +like a jug. +2. (Eccl.) (a) A cruet for the wine and water at Mass. (b) +The vase in which the holy oil for chrism, unction, or +coronation is kept. +Shipley. +3. (Biol.) Any membranous bag shaped like a leathern bottle, +as the dilated end of a vessel or duct; especially the +dilations of the semicircular canals of the ear. +Am7pulOla6ceous (?), a. [L. ampullaceus, fr. ampulla.] Like +a bottle or inflated bladder; bottleOshaped; swelling. +Kirby. +w sac (Zol.), one of the peculiar cavities in the tissues +of sponges, containing the zooidal cells. +{ Am6pulOlar (?), Am7pulOlaOry (?), } a. Resembling an +ampulla. +{ Am6pulOlate (?), Am6pulOla7ted (?) } a. Having an ampulla; +flaskPshaped; bellied. +AmOpul6liOform (?), a. [Ampulla + Oform.] FlaskOshaped; +dilated. +Am6puOtate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Amputated; p. pr. & vb. +n. Amputating.] [L. amputatus, p. p. of amputare: ambO + +putare to prune, putus clean, akin to E. pure. See +Putative.] 1. To prune or lop off, as branches or tendrils. +2. (Surg.) To cut off (a limb or projecting part of the +body). +Wiseman. +Am7puOta6tion (?), n. [L. amputatio: cf. F. amputation.] The +act amputating; esp. the operation of cutting of a limb or +projecting part of the body. +Am6puOta6tor (?), n. One who amputates. +X Am6pyx (?), n. [Gr. ?.] (Greek Antiq.) A woman's headband +(sometimes of metal), for binding the front hair. +X AmOri6ta (?), n. [Skr. amrita.] (Hind. Myth.) Immorality; +also, the nectar conferring immortality. P a. Ambrosial; +immortal. +Am6sel, Am6zel (?), n. [Ger. See Ousel.] (Zol.) The +European ring ousel (Turdus torquatus). +AOmuck6 (?), a. & adv. [Malay amoq furious.] In a frenzied +and reckless. +To run ~, to rush out in a state of frenzy, as the Malays +sometimes do under the influence of =bhang,8 and attack +every one that comes in the way; to assail recklessly and +indiscriminately. +Satire's my weapon, but I'm too discreet +To run amuck, and tilt at all I meet. +Pope. +Am6uOlet (?), n. [L. amuletum: cf. F. amulette.] An +ornament, gem, or scroll, or a package containing a relic, +etc., worn as a charm or preservative against evils or +mischief, such as diseases and witchcraft, and generally +inscribed with mystic forms or characters. [Also used +figuratively.] +Am7uOlet6ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to an amulet; operating +as a charm. +AOmur6cous (?), a. [LL. amurcous, L. amurca the dregs of +olives, Gr. ?, fr. ? to pluck.] Full off dregs; foul. [R.] +Knowles. +AOmus6aOble (?), a. [Cf. F. amusable.] Capable of being +amused. +AOmuse6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Amused (?); p. pr. & vb. n. +Amusing.] [F. amuser to make stay, to detain, to ~, ? (L. +ad) + OF. muser. See Muse, v.] 1. To occupy or engage the +attention of; to lose in deep thought; to absorb; also, to +distract; to bewilder. [Obs.] +Camillus set upon the Gauls when they were amused in +receiving their gold. +Holland. +Being amused with grief, fear, and fright, he could not find +the house. +Fuller. +2. To entertain or occupy in a pleasant manner; to stir with +pleasing or mirthful emotions; to divert. +A group children amusing themselves with pushing stones from +the top [of the cliff], and watching as they plunged into +the lake. +Gilpin. +3. To keep in extraction; to beguile; to delude. +He amused his followers with idle promises. +Johnson. +Syn. - To entertain; gratify; please; divert; beguile; +deceive; occupy. P To Amuse, Divert, Entertain. We are +amused by that which occupies us lightly and pleasantly. We +are entertained by that which brings our minds into +agreeable contact with others, as conversation, or a book. +We are diverted by that which turns off our thoughts to +something of livelier interest, especially of a sportive +nature, as a humorous story, or a laughable incident. +Whatever amuses serves to kill time, to lull the faculties, +and to banish reflection. Whatever entertains usually a +wakens the understanding or gratifies the fancy. Whatever +diverts is lively in its nature, and sometimes tumultuous in +its effects. +Crabb. +AOmuse6, v. i. To muse; to mediate. [Obs.] +AOmused6 (?), a. 1. Diverted. +2. Expressing amusement; as, an amused look. +AOmuse6ment (?), n. [Cf. F. amusement.] 1. Deep thought; +muse. [Obs.] +Here I... fell into a strong and deep amusement, revolving +in my mind, with great perplexity, the amazing change of our +affairs. +Fleetwood. +2. The state of being amused; pleasurable excitement; that +which amuses; diversion. +His favorite amusements were architecture and gardening. +Macaulay. +Syn. - Diversion; entertainment; recreation; relaxation; +pastime; sport. +AOmus6er (?), n. One who amuses. +X Am7uOsette6 (?), n. [F.] A light field cannon, or stocked +gun mounted on a swivel. +AOmus6ing (?), a. Giving amusement; diverting; as, an +amusing story. P AOmus6ingOly, adv. +AOmu6sive (?; 277), a.Having power to amuse or entertain +the mind; fitted to excite mirth. [R.] P AOmu6siveOly, adv. +P AOmu6siveOness, n. +AOmy6 (?), n. [F. ami, fr. L. amicus.] A friend. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AOmy6eOlous (?), a. [Gr. ? without marrow.] (Med.) Wanting +the spinal cord. +AOmyg7daOla6ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Akin to, or derived from, +the almond. +AOmyg6daOlate (?), a. [L. amygdala, amygdalum, almond, Gr. +?, ?. See Almond.] Pertaining to, resembling, or made of, +almonds. +AOmyg6daOlate, n. 1. (Med.) An emulsion made of almonds; +milk of almonds. +Bailey. Coxe. +2.(Chem.) A salt amygdalic acid. +Am7ygOdal6ic (?), a. (Chem.) Of or pertaining to almonds; +derived from amygdalin; as, amygdalic acid. +AOmyg7daOlif6erOous (?), a. [L. amygdalum almond + Oferous.] +AlmondPbearing. +AOmyg6daOlin (?), n. (Chem.) A glucoside extracted from +bitter almonds as a white, crystalline substance. +AOmyg6daOline (?), a. [L. amygdalinus.] Of, pertaining to, +or resembling, almonds. +AOmyg6daOloid (?), n. [Gr. ? almond + Ooid: cf. F. +amygdalo de.] (Min.) A variety of trap or basaltic rock, +containing small cavities, occupied, wholly or in part, by +nodules or geodes of different minerals, esp. agates, +quartz, calcite, and the zeolites. When the imbedded +minerals are detached or removed by decomposition, it is +porous, like lava. +{ AOmyg6daOloid (?), AOmyg7daOloid6al (?), } a. 1. +AlmondPshaped. +2. Pertaining to, or having the nature of, the rock +amygdaloid. +Am6yl (?), n. [L. amylum starch + Oyl. Cf. Amidin.] (Chem.) +A hydrocarbon radical, C5H11, of the paraffine series found +in ~ alcohol or fusel oil, etc. +Am7yOla6ceous (?), a. [L. amylum starch, Gr. ?. See Amidin.] +Pertaining to starch; of the nature of starch; starchy. +Am6yOlate (?), n. (Chem.) A compound of the radical amyl +with oxygen and a positive atom or radical. +Am6yOlene (?), n.(Chem.) One of a group of metameric +hydrocarbons, C5H10, of the ethylene series. The colorless, +volatile, mobile liquid commonly called amylene is a mixture +of different members of the group. +AOmyl6ic (?), a. (Chem.)Pertaining to, or derived from, +amyl; as, amylic ether. +w alcohol (Chem.), one of the series of alcohol?, a +transparent, colorless liquid, having a peculiar odor. It is +the hydroxide of amyl. P w fermentation (Chem.), a process +of fermentation in starch or sugar in which ~ alcohol is +produced. +Gregory. +Am7yOloObac6ter , n. [L. amylum starch + NL. bacterium. See +Bacterium.] (Biol.) A microrganism (Bacillus amylobacter) +which develops in vegetable tissue during putrefaction. +Sternberg. +{ Am6yOloid (?), Am7yOloid6al (?), } a. [L. amylum starch + +Ooid.] Resembling or containing amyl; starchlike. +Amyloid degeneration (Med.), a diseased condition of various +organs of the body, produced by the deposit of an albuminous +substance, giving a blue color with iodine and sulphuric +acid; P called also waxy or lardaceous degeneration. + + <-- p. 52 --> + +Am6yOloid (?), n. 1. A non-nitrogenous starchy food; a +starchlike substance. +2. (Med.) The substance deposited in the organs in ~ +degeneration. +Am7yOloOly6tic (?), a. [Gr. ? starch + ? solvent; ? to +dissolve.] (Physiol.) Effecting the conversion of starch +into soluble dextrin and sugar; as, an amylolytic ferment. +Foster. +Am7yOlose6 (?), n. (Chem.) One of the starch group +(C6H10O5)? of the carbohydrates; as, starch, arabin, +dextrin, cellulose, etc. +Am6yOous (?), a. [Gr. ?.] (Med.) Wanting in muscle; without +flesh. +Am6yss (?), n. Same as Amice, a hood or cape. +An (?). [AS. >n one, the same word as the numeral. See One, +and cf. A.] This word is property an adjective, but is +commonly called the indefinite article. It is used before +nouns of the singular number only, and signifies one, or +any, but somewhat less emphatically. In such expressions as +=twice an hour,8 =once an age,8 a shilling an ounce (see 2d +A, 2), it has a distributive force, and is equivalent to +each, every. +5 An is used before a word beginning with a vowel sound; as, +an enemy, an hour. It in also often used before h sounded, +when the accent of the word falls on the second syllable; +as, an historian, an hyena, an heroic deed. Many writers use +a before h in such positions. Anciently an was used before +consonants as well as vowels. +An, conj. [Shortened fr. and, OE. an., and, sometimes and +if, in introducing conditional clauses, like Icel. enda if, +the same word as and. Prob. and was originally pleonastic +before the conditional clause.] If; P a word used by old +English authors. +Shak. +Nay, an thou dalliest, then I am thy foe. +B. Jonson. +w if, and if; if. +An6aO. [Gr. ? on; in comp., on, up, upwards.] A prefix in +words from the Greek, denoting up, upward, throughout, +backward, back, again, anew. +A6na (?), adv. [Gr. ? (used distributively).] (Med.) Of +each; an equal quantity; as, wine and honey, ana (or, +contracted, aa), ? ij., that is, of wine and honey, each, +two ounces. +An apothecary with a... long bill of anas. +Dryden. +Oa6na (?). [The neut. pl. ending of Latin adjectives in +Oanus.] A suffix to names of persons or places, used to +denote a collection of notable sayings, literary gossip, +anecdotes, etc. Thus, Scaligerana is a book containing the +sayings of Scaliger, Johnsoniana of Johnson, etc. +Used also as a substantive; as, the French anas. +It has been said that the tablePtalk of Selden is worth all +the ana of the Continent. +Hallam. +An7aObap6tism (?), n. [L. anabaptismus, Gr. ?: cf. F. +anabaptisme. See Anabaptize.] The doctrine of the +Anabaptists. +An7aObap6tist (?), n. [LL. anabaptista, fr. Gr. as if ?: cf. +F. anabaptiste.] A name sometimes applied to a member of any +sect holding that rebaptism is necessary for those baptized +in infancy. +5 In church history, the name Anabaptists usually designates +a sect of fanatics who greatly disturbed the peace of +Germany, the Netherlands, etc., in the Reformation period. +In more modern times the name has been applied to those who +do not regard infant baptism as real and valid baptism. +{ An7aObapOtis6tic (?), An7aObapOtis6ticOal (?), } a. +Relating or attributed to the Anabaptists, or their +doctrines. +Milton. Bp. Bull. +An7aObap6tistOry (?), n. The doctrine, system, or practice, +of Anabaptists. [R.] +Thus died this imaginary king; and Anabaptistry was +suppressed in Munster. +Pagitt. +An7aObapOtize6 (?), v. t. [Gr. ?, fr. ? again + ? to +baptize. See Baptize.] To rebaptize; to rechristen; also, to +rename. [R.] +Whitlock. +X An6aObas (?), n. [Gr. ?, p. p. of ? to advance.] (Zol.) A +genus of fishes, remarkable for their power of living long +out of water, and of making their way on land for +considerable distances, and for climbing trees; the climbing +fishes. +X AOnab6aOsis (?), n. [Gr. ?, fr. ? to go up; ? up + ? to +go.] 1. A journey or expedition up from the coast, like that +of the younger Cyrus into Central Asia, described by +Xenophon in his work called =The Anabasis.8 +The anabasis of Napoleon. +De Quincey. +2. (Med.) The first period, or increase, of a disease; +augmentation. [Obs.] +An7aObat6ic (?), a. [Gr. ?.] Pertaining to anabasis; as, an +anabatic fever. [Obs.] +An7aObol6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? something heaped up; ? + ? a +stroke.] (Physiol.) Pertaining to anabolism; an anabolic +changes, or processes, more or less constructive in their +nature. +AOnab6oOlism (?), n. (Physiol.) The constructive metabolism +of the body, as distinguished from katabolism. +An7aOcamp6tic (?), a. [Gr. ? to bend back; ? back + ? to +bend.] Reflecting of reflected; as, an anacamptic sound (and +echo). +5 The word was formerly applied to that part of optics which +treats of reflection; the same as what is now called +catoptric. See Catoptrics. +An7aOcamp6ticOalOly (?), adv. By reflection; as, echoes are +sound produced anacamptically. +Hutton. +An7aOcamp6tics (?), n. 1. The science of reflected light, +now called catoptrics. +2. The science of reflected sounds. +{ X An7aOcan6thiOni (?), An6aOcanths (?), } n. pl. [NL., fr. +Gr. ? priv. + ? thorny, fr. ? thorn.] (Zol.) A group of +teleostean fishes destitute of spiny finPrays, as the cod. +An7aOcan6thous (?), a. Spineless, as certain fishes. +An7aOcar6diOa6ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Belonging to, or +resembling, a family, or order, of plants of which the +cashew tree is the type, and the species of sumac are well +known examples. +An7aOcar6dic (?), a. Pertaining to, or derived from, the +cashew nut; as, anacardic acid. +X An7aOcar6diOum (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? similar to + ? +heart; P the fruit of this plant being thought to resemble +the heart of a bird.] (Bot.) A genus of plants including the +cashew tree. See Cashew. +An7aOcaOthar6tic (?), a. [Gr. ?, fr. ? to cleanse upward, i. +e., by vomiting; ? + ?. See Cathartic.] (Med.) Producing +vomiting or expectoration. P n. An anacatharic medicine; an +expectorant or an emetic. +X AnOach6aOris (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? up + ? grace.] (Bot.) +A freshPwater weed of the frog'sbit family +(Hydrocharidace), native to America. Transferred to England +it became an obstruction to navigation. Called also +waterweed and water thyme. +AnOach6oOret (?), n. AnOach7oOret6icOal (?), a. See +Anchoret, Anchoretic. [Obs.] +AnOach6oOrism (?), n. [Gr. ? + ? place.] An error in regard +to the place of an event or a thing; a referring something +to a wrong place. [R.] +{ An7aOchron6ic (?), An7aOchron6icOal (?), } a. +Characterized by, or involving, anachronism; anachronistic. +AnOach6roOnism (?), n. [Gr. ?, fr. ? to refer to a wrong +time, to confound times; ? + ? time: cf. F. anachronisme.] A +misplacing or error in the order of time; an error in +chronology by which events are misplaced in regard to each +other, esp. one by which an event is placed too early; +falsification of chronological relation. +AnOach7roOnis6tic (?), a. Erroneous in date; containing an +anachronism. +T. Warton. +AnOach6roOnize (?), v. t. [Gr. ?.] To refer to, or put into, +a wrong time. [R.] +Lowell. +AnOach6roOnous (?), a. Containing an anachronism; +anachronistic. P AnOach6roOnousOly, adv. +An7aOclas6tic (?), a. [Gr. ? to bend back and break; to +reflect (light); ? + ? to break.] 1. (Opt.) Produced by the +refraction of light, as seen through water; as, anaclastic +curves. +Hutton. +2. Springing back, as the bottom of an anaclastic glass. +w glass, a glass or phial, shaped like an inverted funnel, +and with a very thin convex bottom. By sucking out a little +air, the bottom springs into a concave form with a smart +crack; and by breathing or blowing gently into the orifice, +the bottom, with a like noise, springs into its former +convex form. +An7aOclas6tics (?), n. (Opt.) That part of optics which +treats of the refraction of light; P commonly called +dioptrics. +Encyc. Brit. +X An7aOc?Ono6sis (?), n. [Gr. ?, fr. ?, to communicate; ? up ++ ? to make common, ? common.] (Rhet.) A figure by which a +speaker appeals to his hearers or opponents for their +opinion on the point in debate. +Walker. +An7aOcoOlu6thic (?), a. Lacking grammatical sequence. P +An7aOcoOlu6thicOalOly (?), adv. +X An7aOcoOlu6thon (?), n. [Gr. ?, ?, not following, wanting +sequence; ? priv. + ? following.] (Gram.) A want of +grammatical sequence or coherence in a sentence; an instance +of a change of construction in a sentence so that the latter +part does not syntactically correspond with the first part. +An7aOcon6da (?), n. [Of Ceylonese origin?] (Zol.) A large +South American snake of the Boa family (Eunectes murinus), +which lives near rivers, and preys on birds and small +mammals. The name is also applied to a similar large serpent +(Python tigris) of Ceylon. +AOnac7reOon6tic (?), a. [L. Anacreonticus.] Pertaining to, +after the manner of, or in the meter of, the Greek poet +Anacreon; amatory and convivial. +De Quincey. +AOnac7reOon6tic, n. A poem after the manner of Anacreon; a +sprightly little poem in praise of love and wine. +An7aOcrot6ic (?), a. (Physiol.) Pertaining to anachronism. +AOnac6roOtism (?), n. [Gr. ?, up, again + ? a stroke.] +(Physiol.) A secondary notch in the pulse curve, obtained in +a sphygmographic tracing. +X An7aOcru6sis (?), n. [Gr. ?, fr. ? to push up or back; ? + +? to strike.] (Pros.) A prefix of one or two unaccented +syllables to a verse properly beginning with an accented +syllable. +An6aOdem (?), n. [L. anadema, Gr. ?, fr. ? to wreathe; ? up ++ ? to bind.] A garland or fillet; a chaplet or wreath. +Drayton. Tennyson. +X An7aOdiOplo6sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?; ? + ? to double, +?, ?, twofold, double.] (Rhet.) A repetition of the last +word or any prominent word in a sentence or clause, at the +beginning of the next, with an adjunct idea; as, =He +retained his virtues amidst all his misfortunes P +misfortunes which no prudence could foresee or prevent.8 +An6aOdrom (?), n. [Cf. F. anadrome.] (Zol.) A fish that +leaves the sea and ascends rivers. +AOnad6roOmous (?), a. [Gr. ? running upward; ? + ? a +running, ? to run.] 1. (Zol.) Ascending rivers from the +sea, at certain seasons, for breeding, as the salmon, shad, +etc. +2. (Bot.) Tending upwards; P said of terns in which the +lowest secondary segments are on the upper side of the +branch of the central stem. +D. C. Eaton. +X AOn6miOa (?), a. [NL., fr. Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? blood.] +(Med.) A morbid condition in which the blood is deficient in +quality or in quantity. +AOnm6ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to anmis. +AnOa7 Orob6ic (?), a. (Biol.) Relating to, or like, +ana robies; ara robiotic. +AnOa6 rOoObies (?), n. pl. [Gr. ? priv. + ?, ?, air + ? +life.] (Biol.) Microrganisms which do not require oxygen, +but are killed by it. +Sternberg. +AnOa7 rOoObiOot6ic (?), a. (Anat.) Related to, or of the +nature of, ana robies. +X An7sOthe6siOa (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? +feeling, ? to feel: cf. F. anesthsie. See sthetics.] +(Med.) Entire or partial loss or absence of feeling or +sensation; a state of general or local insensibility +produced by disease or by the inhalation or application of +an ansthetic. +X An7sOthe6sis (?), n. See Ansthesia. +An7sOthet6ic (?), a. (Med.) (a) Capable of rendering +insensible; as, ansthetic agents. (b) Characterized by, or +connected with, insensibility; as, an ansthetic effect or +operation. +An7sOthet6ic, n. (Med.) That which produces insensibility +to pain, as chloroform, ether, etc. +AnOs7theOtiOza6tion (?), n. The process of ansthetizing; +also, the condition of the nervous system induced by +ansthetics. +AnOs6theOtize (?), v. t. (Med.) To render insensible by an +ansthetic. +Encyc. Brit. +An6aOglyph (?), n. [Gr. ? wrought in low relief, ? embossed +work; ? + ? to engrave.] Any sculptured, chased, or embossed +ornament worked in low relief, as a cameo. +{ An7aOglyph6ic (?), An7aOglyph6icOal (?), } a. Pertaining +to the art of chasing or embossing in relief; anaglyptic; P +opposed to diaglyptic or sunk work. +An7aOglyph6ic, n. Work chased or embossed relief. +An7aOglyp6tic (?), a. [L. anaglypticus, Gr. ?, ?. See +Anaglyph.] Relating to the art of carving, enchasing, or +embossing in low relief. +An7aOglyp6tics (?), n. The art of carving in low relief, +embossing, etc. +An7aOglyp6toOgraph (?), n. [Gr. ? + Ograph.] An instrument +by which a correct engraving of any embossed object, such as +a medal or cameo, can be executed. +Brande & C. +An7aOglyp7toOgraph6ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to +anaglyptography; as, analyptographic engraving. +An7aOglypOtog6raOphy (?), n. [Gr. ? embossed + Ography.] The +art of copying works in relief, or of engraving as to give +the subject an embossed or raised appearance; P used in +representing coins, basPreliefs, etc. +X An7agOnor6iOsis (?), n. [Latinized fr. Gr. ?; ? + ? to +recognize.] The unfolding or dnouement. [R.] +De Quincey. +An7aOgo6ge (?), n. [Gr. ? a leading up; ? + ? a leading, ? +to lead.] 1. An elevation of mind to things celestial. +2. The spiritual meaning or application; esp. the +application of the types and allegories of the Old Testament +to subjects of the New. +{ An7aOgog6ic (?), An7aOgog6icOal (?), } a. Mystical; having +a secondary spiritual meaning; as, the rest of the Sabbath, +in an anagogical sense, signifies the repose of the saints +in heaven; an anagogical explication. P An7aOgog6icOalOly, +adv. +An7aOgog6ics (?), n. pl. Mystical interpretations or +studies, esp. of the Scriptures. +L. Addison. +An6aOgo7gy (?), n. Same as Anagoge. +An6aOgram (?), n. [F. anagramme, LL. anagramma, fr. Gr. ? +back, again + ? to write. See Graphic.] Literally, the +letters of a word read backwards, but in its usual wider +sense, the change or one word or phrase into another by the +transposition of its letters. Thus Galenus becomes angelus; +William Noy (attorneyPgeneral to Charles I., and a laborious +man) may be turned into I moyl in law. +An6aOgram, v. t. To anagrammatize. +Some of these anagramed his name, Benlowes, into Benevolus. +Warburton. +{ An7aOgramOmat6ic (?), An7aOgramOmat6icOal (?), } a. [Cf. +F. anagramtique.] Pertaining to, containing, or making, +anagram. P An7aOgramOmat6icOalOly, adv. +An7aOgram6maOtism (?), n. [Gr. ?: cf. F. anagrammatisme.] +The act or practice of making anagrams. +Camden. +An7aOgram6maOtist, n. [Cf. F. anagrammatiste.] A maker +anagrams. +An7aOgram6maOtize (?), v. t. [Gr. ? cf. F. anagrammatiser.] +To transpose, as the letters of a word, so as to form an +anagram. +Cudworth. +An6aOgraph (?), n. [Gr. ? a writing out, fr. ? to write out, +to record; ? + ? to write.] An inventory; a record. [Obs.] +Knowles. +{ X An6aOkim (?), A6naks (?), } n. pl. [Heb.] (Bibl.) A race +of giants living in Palestine. +A6nal (?), a. [From Anus.] (Anat.) Pertaining to, or +situated near, the anus; as, the anal fin or glands. +AOnal6cime (?), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? strong, ? strength: cf. +F. analcime.] (Min.) A white or fleshPred mineral, of the +zeolite, occurring in isometric crystals. By friction, it +acquires a weak electricity; hence its name. +AOnal6cite (?), n. [Gr. ? weak.] Analcime. +An7aOlec6tic (?), a. Relating to analects; made up of +selections; as, an analectic magazine. +{ An6aOlects (?), X An7aOlec6ta (?), } n. pl. [Gr. ?, fr. ? +to collect; ? + ? to gather.] A collection of literary +fragments. +X An7aOlem6ma (?), n. [L. analemma a sun dial on a pedestal, +showing the latitude and meridian of a place, Gr. ? a +support, or thing supported, a + + <-- p. 53 --> + +sun dial, fr. ? to take up; ? + ? to take.] 1. (Chem.) An +orthographic projection of the sphere on the plane of the +meridian, the eye being supposed at an infinite distance, +and in the east or west point of the horizon. +2. An instrument of wood or brass, on which this projection +of the sphere is made, having a movable horizon or cursor; P +formerly much used in solving some common astronomical +problems. +3. A scale of the sun's declination for each day of the +year, drawn across the torrid zone on an artificial +terrestrial globe. +{ X An6aOlep6sis (?), An6aOlep6sy (?), } [Gr. ? a taking up, +or again, recovery, from ?. See Analemma.] (Med.) (a) +Recovery of strength after sickness. (b) A species of +epileptic attack, originating from gastric disorder. +An6aOlep6tic (?), a. [Gr. ? restorative: cf. F. analeptique. +See Analepsis.] (Med.) Restorative; giving strength after +disease. P n. A restorative. +X An7alOge6siOa (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? sense +of pain.] (Med.) Absence of sensibility to pain. +Quain. +An7alOlagOmat6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? a change.] (Math.) +Not changed in form by inversion. +w curves, a class of curves of the fourth degree which have +certain peculiar relations to circles; P sometimes called +bicircular quartics. P w surfaces, a certain class of +surfaces of the fourth degree. +An7alOlanOto6ic (?), a. (Anat.) Without, or not developing, +an allantois. +X An7alOlanOtoid6eOa (?), n. pl. [Gr. ? priv. + E. +allantoidea.] (Zol.) The division of Vertebrata in which no +allantois is developed. It includes amphibians, fishes, and +lower forms. +AOnal6oOgal (?), a. Analogous. [Obs.] +Donne. +An7aOlog6ic (?), a. [See Analogous.] Of or belonging to +analogy. +Geo. Eliot. +An7aOlog6icOal (?), a. 1. Founded on, or of the nature of, +analogy; expressing or implying analogy. +When a country which has sent out colonies is termed the +mother country, the expression is analogical. +J. S. Mill. +2. Having analogy; analogous. +Sir M. Hale. +An7aOlog6icOalOly, adv. In an analogical sense; in +accordance with analogy; by way of similitude. +A prince is analogically styled a pilot, being to the state +as a pilot is to the vessel. +Berkeley. +An7aOlog6icOalOness, n. Quality of being analogical. +AOnal6oOgism (?), n. [Gr. ? course of reasoning, fr. ? to +think over, to the effect; an a priori argument. +Johnson. +2. Investigation of things by the analogy they bear to each +other. +Crabb. +AOnal6oOgist (?), n. One who reasons from analogy, or +represent, by analogy. +Cheyne. +AOnal6oOgize, v. i. To employ, or reason by, analogy. +X AOnal6oOgon (?), n. [Gr. ?.] Analogue. +AOnal6oOgous (?), a. [L. analogous, Gr. ? according to a due +ratio, proportionate; ? + ? ratio, proportion. See Logic.] +Having analogy; corresponding to something else; bearing +some resemblance or proportion; P often followed by to. +Analogous tendencies in arts and manners. +De Quincey. +Decay of public spirit, which may be considered analogous to +natural death. +J. H. Newman. +w pole (Pyroelect.), that pole of a crystal which becomes +positively electrified when heated. +Syn. - Correspondent; similar; like. +P AOnal6o gousOly, adv. P AOnal6oOgousOness, n. +An6aOlogue (?; 115), n. [F., fr. Gr. ?.] 1. That which is +analogous to, or corresponds with, some other thing. +The vexatious tyranny of the individual despot meets its +analogue in the insolent tyranny of the many. +I. Taylor. +2. (Philol.) A word in one language corresponding with one +in another; an analogous term; as, the Latin =pater8 is the +analogue of the English =father.8 +3. (Nat. Hist.) (a) An organ which is equivalent in its +functions to a different organ in another species or group, +or even in the same group; as, the gill of a fish is the +analogue of a lung in a quadruped, although the two are not +of like structural relations. (b) A species in one genus or +group having its characters parallel, one by one, with those +of another group. (c) A species or genus in one country +closely related to a species of the same genus, or a genus +of the same group, in another: such species are often called +representative species, and such genera, representative +genera. +Dana. +AOnal6oOgy (?), n.; pl. Analogies (?). [L. analogia, Gr. ?, +fr. ?: cf. F. analogie. See Analogous.] 1. A resemblance of +relations; an agreement or likeness between things in some +circumstances or effects, when the things are otherwise +entirely different. Thus, learning enlightens the mind, +because it is to the mind what light is to the eye, enabling +it to discover things before hidden. +Followed by between, to, or with; as, there is an analogy +between these objects, or one thing has an analogy to or +with another. +5 Analogy is very commonly used to denote similarity or +essential resemblance; but its specific meaning is a +similarity of relations, and in this consists the difference +between the argument from example and that from analogy. In +the former, we argue from the mere similarity of two things; +in the latter, from the similarity of their relations. +Karslake. +2. (Biol.) A relation or correspondence in function, between +organs or parts which are decidedly different. +3. (Geom.) Proportion; equality of ratios. +4. (Gram.) Conformity of words to the genius, structure, or +general rules of a language; similarity of origin, +inflection, or principle of pronunciation, and the like, as +opposed to anomaly. +Johnson. +An6aOlyse (?), v., An6aOly7ser (?), n., etc. Same as +Analyze, Analyzer, etc. +AOnal6yOsis (?), n.; pl. Analyses (?). [Gr. ?, fr. ? to +unloose, to dissolve, to resolve into its elements; ? up + ? +to loose. See Loose.] 1. A resolution of anything, whether +an object of the senses or of the intellect, into its +constituent or original elements; an examination of the +component parts of a subject, each separately, as the words +which compose a sentence, the tones of a tune, or the simple +propositions which enter into an argument. It is opposed to +synthesis. +2. (Chem.) The separation of a compound substance, by +chemical processes, into its constituents, with a view to +ascertain either (a) what elements it contains, or (b) how +much of each element is present. The former is called +qualitative, and the latter quantitative analysis. +3. (Logic) The tracing of things to their source, and the +resolving of knowledge into its original principles. +4. (Math.) The resolving of problems by reducing the +conditions that are in them to equations. +5. (a) A syllabus, or table of the principal heads of a +discourse, disposed in their natural order. (b) A brief, +methodical illustration of the principles of a science. In +this sense it is nearly synonymous with synopsis. +6. (Nat. Hist.) The process of ascertaining the name of a +species, or its place in a system of classification, by +means of an analytical table or key. +Ultimate, Proximate, Qualitative, Quantitative, and +Volumetric ~. (Chem.) See under Ultimate, Proximate, +Qualitative, etc. +An6aOlyst (?), n. [F. analyste. See Analysis.] One who +analyzes; formerly, one skilled in algebraical geometry; now +commonly, one skilled in chemical analysis. +{ An7aOlyt6ic (?), An7aOlyt6icOal (?), } a. [Gr. ?: cf. F. +analytique. See Analysis.] Of or pertaining to analysis; +resolving into elements or constituent parts; as, an +analytical experiment; analytic reasoning; P opposed to +synthetic. +Analytical or cordinate geometry. See under Geometry. P +Analytic language, a noninflectional language or one not +characterized by grammatical endings. P Analytical table +(Nat. Hist.), a table in which the characteristics of the +species or other groups are arranged so as to facilitate the +determination of their names. +An7aOlyt6icOalOly, adv. In an analytical manner. +An7aOlyt6ics (?), n. The science of analysis. +An6aOly7zaOble (?), a. That may be analyzed. +An7aOlyOza6tion (?), n. The act of analyzing, or separating +into constituent parts; analysis. +An6aOlyze (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Analyzed (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Analyzing.] [Cf. F. analyser. See Analysis.] To +subject to analysis; to resolve (anything complex) into its +elements; to separate into the constituent parts, for the +purpose of an examination of each separately; to examine in +such a manner as to ascertain the elements or nature of the +thing examined; as, to analyze a fossil substance; to +analyze a sentence or a word; to analyze an action to +ascertain its morality. +No one, I presume, can analyze the sensations of pleasure or +pain. +Darwin. +An6aOly7zer (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, analyzes. +2. (Opt.) The part of a polariscope which receives the light +after polarization, and exhibits its properties. +An7aOmese6 (?), a. Of or pertaining to Anam, to southeastern +Asia. P n. A native of Anam. +X An7amOne6sis (?), n. [Gr. ?, fr. ? to remind, recall to +memory; ? + ? to put in mind.] (Rhet.) A recalling to mind; +recollection. +An7amOnes6tic (?), a. [Gr. ?.] Aiding the memory; as, +anamnestic remedies. +AnOam7niOot6ic (?), a. (Anat.) Without, or not developing, +an amnion. +An7aOmor6phism (?), n. [Gr. ? again + ? form.] 1. A +distorted image. +2. (Biol.) A gradual progression from one type to another, +generally ascending. +Huxley. +An7aOmor6phoOsis (?), n. [Gr. ?, fr. ? to form anew; ? again ++ ? to form; ? form.] 1. (Persp.) A distorted or monstrous +projection or representation of an image on a plane or +curved surface, which, when viewed from a certain point, or +as reflected from a curved mirror or through a polyhedron, +appears regular and in proportion; a deformation of an +image. +2. (Biol.) Same as Anamorphism, 2. +3. (Bot.) A morbid or monstrous development, or change of +form, or degeneration. +An7aOmor6phoOsy (?), n. Same as Anamorphosis. +AOnan6 (?), interj. [See Anon.] An expression equivalent to +What did you say? Sir? Eh? [Obs.] +Shak. +X AOna6nas (?), n. [Sp. ananas, from the native American +name.] (Bot.) The pineapple (Ananassa sativa). +AnOan6drous (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? a man.] (Bot.) +Destitute of stamen? as certain female flowers. +AnOan6guOlar (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + E. angular.] Containing +no angle. [R.] +AnOan6therOous (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + E. anther.] (Bot.) +Destitute of anthers. +Gray. +AnOan6thous (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? a flower.] (Bot.) +Destitute of flowers; flowerless. +An7aOpst (?), An7aOps6tic (?). Same as Anapest, Anapestic. +An6aOpest (?), n. [L. anapaestus, Gr. ? an w, i. e., a +dactyl reserved, or, as it were, struck back; fr. ?; ? back ++ ? to strike.] 1. (Pros.) A metrical foot consisting of +three syllables, the first two short, or unaccented, the +last long, or accented (?); the reverse of the dactyl. In +Latin d?P?Ot>s, and in English inOterOvene?, are examples of +anapests. +2. A verse composed of such feet. +An7aOpes6tic (?), a. [L. anapaesticus, Gr. ?.] Pertaining to +an anapest; consisting of an anapests; as, an anapestic +meter, foot, verse. P n. Anapestic measure or verse. +An7aOpes6ticOal (?), a. Anapestic. +X AOnaph6oOra (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? to carry up or +back; ? + ? to carry.] (Rhet.) A repetition of a word or of +words at the beginning of two or more successive clauses. +X AnOaph7roOdis6iOa (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? priv. + ? sexual +pleasure, ? the goddess of love.] (Med.) Absence of sexual +appetite. +AnOaph7roOdis6iOac (?), a. & n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? pertaining +to venery.] (Med.) Same as Antaphrodisiac. +Dunglison. +AnOaph7roOdit6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? without love.] (Biol.) +Produced without concourse of sexes. +An7aOplas6tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to anaplasty. +An7aOplas7ty (?), n. [Gr. ? again + ? to form: cf. F. +anaplastie.] (Surg.) The art of operation of restoring lost +parts or the normal shape by the use of healthy tissue. +An7aOpleOrot6ic (?), a. [L. anapleroticus, fr. Gr. ? to fill +up; ? + ? to fill.] (Med.) Filling up; promoting granulation +of wounds or ulcers. P n. A remedy which promotes such +granulation. +AOnap6noOgraph (?), n. [Gr. ? respiration + Ograph.] A form +of spirometer. +An7apOno6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? respiration.] (Med.) Relating to +respiration. +AnOap7oOdeic6tic (?), a. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ?. See +Apodeictic.] Not apodeictic; undemonstrable. [R.] +X An7aOpoph6yOsis (?), n. [Gr. ? back + ? offshoot.] (Anat.) +An accessory process in many lumbar vertebr. +An7apOtot6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? back + ? belonging to case.] +Having lost, or tending to lose, inflections by phonetic +decay; as, anaptotic languages. +X AnOap6tyOchus (?), n.; pl. Anaptichi (?). [NL., fr. Gr. ? +unfolding; ? back + ? to fold.] (Paleon.) One of a pair of +shelly plates found in some cephalopods, as the ammonites. +An6arch (?), n. [Gr. ? without head or chief; ? priv. + ? +beginning, the first place, magistracy, government.] The +author of anarchy; one who excites revolt. +Milton. +Imperial anarchs doubling human woes. +Byron. +AOnar6chal (?), a. Lawless; anarchical. [R.] +We are in the habit of calling those bodies of men anarchal +which are in a state of effervescence. +Landor. +{ AOnar6chic (?), AOnar6chicOal (?), } a. [Cf. F. +anarchique.] Pertaining to anarchy; without rule or +government; in political confusion; tending to produce +anarchy; as, anarchic despotism; anarchical opinions. +An6archOism (?), n. [Cf. F. anarchisme.] The doctrine or +practice of anarchists. +An6archOist (?), n. [Cf. F. anarchiste.] An anarch; one who +advocates anarchy of aims at the overthrow of civil +government. +An6archOize (?), v. t. To reduce to anarchy. +An6archOy (?), n. [Gr. ?: cf. F. anarchie. See Anarch.] 1. +Absence of government; the state of society where there is +no law or supreme power; a state of lawlessness; political +confusion. +Spread anarchy and terror all around. +Cowper. +2. Hence, confusion or disorder, in general. +There being then... an anarchy, as I may term it, in authors +and their re?koning of years. +Fuller. +X An7arOthrop6oOda (?), n. pl. [NL., from Gr. ? without +joints + Opoda. See Anarthrous.] (Zol.) One of the +divisions of Articulata in which there are no jointed legs, +as the annelids; P opposed to Arthropoda. +An7arOthrop6oOdous (?), a. (Zol.) Having no jointed legs; +pertaining to Anarthropoda. +AnOar6throus (?), a. [Gr. ? without joints, without the +article; ? priv. + ? joint, the article.] 1. (Gr. Gram.) +Used without the article; as, an anarthrous substantive. +2.(Zol.) Without joints, or having the joints indistinct, +as some insects. +X A6nas (?), n. [L., duck.] (Zol.) A genus of water fowls, +of the order Anseres, including certain species of +freshOwater ducks. +X An7aOsar6ca (?), n. [NL., from Gr. ? throughout + ?, ?, +flesh.] (Med.) Dropsy of the subcutaneous cellular tissue; +an effusion of serum into the cellular substance, +occasioning a soft, pale, inelastic swelling of the skin. +An7aOsar6cous (?), a. Belonging, or affected by, anasarca, +or dropsy; dropsical. +Wiseman. +An7aOstal6tic (?), a. & n. [Gr. ? + + <-- p. 54 --> + +fitted for checking, fr. ? + ? to send.] (Med.) Styptic. +[Obs.] +Coxe. +An6aOstate (?), n. [Gr. ? up + ? to make to stand.] +(Physiol.) One of a series of substances formed, in +secreting cells, by constructive or anabolic processes, in +the production of protoplasm; P opposed to katastate. +Foster. +An7aOstat6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? up + ? to make to stand: cf. ? +causing to stand.] Pertaining to a process or a style of +printing from characters in relief on zinc plates. +In this process the letterpress, engraving, or design of any +kind is transferred to a zinc plate; the parts not covered +with ink are eaten out, leaving a facsimile in relief to be +printed from. +AOnas6toOmose (?), v. i. [imp. p. p. Anastomozed (?); p. pr. +? vb. n. Anastomosing.] [Cf. F. anastomoser, fr. anastomose. +See Anastomosis.] (Anat. & Bot.) To inosculate; to +intercommunicate by anastomosis, as the arteries and veins. +The ribbing of the leaf, and the anastomosing network of its +vessels. +I. Taylor. +X AOnas7toOmo6sis (?), n.; pl. Anastomoses (?). [NL., fr. +Gr. ? opening, fr. ? to furnish with a mouth or opening, to +open; ? + ? mouth;: cf. F. anastomose.] (Anat. & Bot.) The +inosculation of vessels, or intercommunication between two +or more vessels or nerves, as the cross communication +between arteries or veins. +AOnas7toOmot6ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to anastomosis. +X AOnas6troOphe (?), n. [Gr. ?, fr. ? to turn up or back; ? ++ ? to turn.] (Rhet. & Gram.) An inversion of the natural +order of words; as, echoed the hills, for, the hills echoed. +AOnath6eOma (?), n.; pl. Anathemas (?). [L. anath?ma, fr. +Gr. ? anything devoted, esp. to evil, a curse; also L. +anath?ma, fr. Gr. ? a votive offering; all fr. ? to set up +as a votive gift, dedicate; ? up + ? to set. See Thesis.] 1. +A ban or curse pronounced with religious solemnity by +ecclesiastical authority, and accompanied by +excommunication. Hence: Denunciation of anything as +accursed. +[They] denounce anathemas against unbelievers. +Priestley. +2. An imprecation; a curse; a malediction. +Finally she fled to London followed by the anathemas of both +[families]. +Thackeray. +3. Any person or thing anathematized, or cursed by +ecclesiastical authority. +The Jewish nation were an anathema destined to destruction. +St. Paul... says he could wish, to save them from it, to +become an anathema, and be destroyed himself. +Locke. +w Maranatha (?) (see 1 Cor. xvi. 22), an expression commonly +considered as a highly intensified form of anathema. Maran +atha is now considered as a separate sentence, meaning, =Our +Lord cometh.8 +{ AOnath7eOmat6ic (?), AOnath7eOmat6icOal (?), } a. +Pertaining to, or having the nature of, an anathema. P +AOnath7eOmat6icOalOly, adv. +AOnath6eOmaOtism (?), n. [Gr. ? a cursing; cf. F. +anathmatisme.] Anathematization. [Obs.] +We find a law of Justinian forbidding anathematisms to be +pronounced against the Jewish Hellenists. +J. Taylor. +AOnath7eOmaOtiOza6tion (?), n. [LL. anathematisatio.] The +act of anathematizing, or denouncing as accursed; +imprecation. +Barrow. +AOnath6eOmaOtize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Anathematized (?); +p. pr. & vb. n. Anathematizing.] [L. anathematizare, Gr. ? +to devote, make accursed: cf. F. anathmatiser.] To +pronounce an anathema against; to curse. Hence: To condemn +publicly as something accursed. +Milton. +AOnath6eOmaOti7zer (?), n. One who pronounces an anathema. +Hammond. +X AOnat6iOfa (?), n.; pl. Anatif (?). [NL., contr. fr. +anatifera. See Anatiferous.] (Zol.) An animal of the +barnacle tribe, of the genus Lepas, having a fleshy stem or +peduncle; a goose barnacle. See Cirripedia. +5 The term Anatif, in the plural, is often used for the +whole group of pedunculated cirripeds. +AOnat6iOfer, (?), n. (Zol.) Same as Anatifa. +An7aOtif6erOous (?), a. [L. anas, anatis, a duck + Oferous.] +(Zol.) Producing ducks; P applied to Anatif, under the +absurd notion of their turning into ducks or geese. See +Barnacle. +An6aOtine (?), a. [L. anatinus, fr. anas, anatis, a duck.] +(Zol.) Of or pertaining to the ducks; ducklike. +AOnat6oOcism (?), n. [L. anatocismus, Gr. ?; ? again + ? to +lend on interest.] (Law) Compound interest. [R.] +Bouvier. +{ An7aOtom6ic (?), An7aOtom6icOal (?), } a. [L. anatomicus, +Gr. ?: cf. F. anatomique. See Anatomy.] Of or relating to +anatomy or dissection; as, the anatomic art; anatomical +observations. +Hume. +An7aOtom6icOalOly, adv. In an anatomical manner; by means of +dissection. +AOnat6oOmism (?), n. [Cf. F. anatomisme.] 1. The application +of the principles of anatomy, as in art. +The stretched and vivid anatomism of their [i. e., the +French] great figure painters. +The London Spectator. +2. The doctrine that the anatomical structure explains all +the phenomena of the organism or of animal life. +AOnat6oOmist (?), n. [Cf. F. anatomiste.] One who is skilled +in the art of anatomy, or dissection. +AOnat7oOmiOza6tion (?), n. The act of anatomizing. +AOnat6oOmize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Anatomized (?); p. pr. +& vb. n. Anatomizing.] [Cf. F. anatomiser.] 1. To dissect; +to cut in pieces, as an animal vegetable body, for the +purpose of displaying or examining the structure and use of +the several parts. +2. To discriminate minutely or carefully; to analyze. +If we anatomize all other reasonings of this nature, we +shall find that they are founded on the relation of cause +and effect. +Hume. +AOnat6oOmi7zer (?), n. A dissector. +AOnat6oOmy (?), n.; pl. Anatomies (?). [F. anatomie, L. +anatomia, Gr. ? dissection, fr. ? to cut up; ? + ? to cut.] +1. The art of dissecting, or artificially separating the +different parts of any organized body, to discover their +situation, structure, and economy; dissection. +2. The science which treats of the structure of organic +bodies; anatomical structure or organization. +Let the muscles be well inserted and bound together, +according to the knowledge of them which is given us by +anatomy. +Dryden. +5 =Animal ~8 is sometimes called zotomy; =vegetable ~,8 +phytotomy; =human ~,8 anthropotomy. +Comparative ~ compares the structure of different kinds and +classes of animals. +3. A treatise or book on ~. +4. The act of dividing anything, corporeal or intellectual, +for the purpose of examining its parts; analysis; as, the +anatomy of a discourse. +5. A skeleton; anything anatomized or dissected, or which +has the appearance of being so. +The anatomy of a little child, representing all parts +thereof, is accounted a greater rarity than the skeleton of +a man in full stature. +Fuller. +They brought one Pinch, a hungry, leanOfaced villain, +A mere anatomy. +Shak. +An7aOtrep6tic (?), a. [Gr. ? overturning, fr. ? to turn up +or over; ? + ? too turn.] Overthrowing; defeating; P applied +to Plato's refutative dialogues. +Enfield. +X An6aOtron (?), n. [F. anatron, natron, Sp. anatron, +natron, fr. Ar. alPnatr?n. See Natron, Niter.] [Obs.] 1. +Native carbonate of soda; natron. +2. Glass gall or sandiver. +3. Saltpeter. +Coxe. Johnson. +{ AOnat6roOpal (?), AOnat6roOpous (?), } a. [Gr. ? up + ? to +turn.] (Bot.) Having the ovule inverted at an early period +in its development, so that the chalaza is as the apparent +apex; P opposed to orthotropous. +Gray. +AOnat6to (?), n. Same as Annotto. +An6burPy (?), Am6burOy (?), n. [AS. ampre, ompre, a crooked +swelling vein: cf. Prov. E. amper a tumor with inflammation. +Cf. the first syllable in agnail, and berry a fruit.] 1. +(Far.) A soft tumor or bloody wart on horses or oxen. +2. A disease of the roots of turnips, etc.; P called also +fingers and toes. +Oance. [F. Oance, fr. L. Oantia and also fr. Oentia.] A +suffix signifying action; also, quality or state; as, +assistance, resistance, appearance, elegance. See Oancy. +5 All recently adopted words of this class take either Oance +or Oence, according to the Latin spelling. +An6cesOtor (?), n. [OE. ancestre, auncestre, also ancessour; +the first forms fr. OF. ancestre, F. anctre, fr. the L. +nom. antessor one who goes before; the last form fr. OF. +ancessor, fr. L. acc. antecessorem, fr. antecedere to go +before; ante before + cedere to go. See Cede, and cf. +Antecessor.] 1. One from whom a person is descended, whether +on the father's or mother's side, at any distance of time; a +progenitor; a fore father. +2. (Biol.) An earlier type; a progenitor; as, this fossil +animal is regarded as the ancestor of the horse. +3. (Law) One from whom an estate has descended; P the +correlative of heir. +An7cesOto6riOal (?), a. Ancestral. +Grote. +An7cesOto6riOalOly, adv. With regard to ancestors. +AnOces6tral (?; 277), a. Of, pertaining to, derived from, or +possessed by, an ancestor or ancestors; as, an ancestral +estate. =Ancestral trees.8 +Hemans. +An6cesOtress (?), n. A female ancestor. +An6cesOtry (?), n. [Cf. OF. ancesserie. See Ancestor.] 1. +Condition as to ancestors; ancestral lineage; hence, birth +or honorable descent. +Title and ancestry render a good man more illustrious, but +an ill one more contemptible. +Addison. +2. A series of ancestors or progenitors; lineage, or those +who compose the line of natural descent. +An6chor (?), n. [OE. anker, AS. ancor, oncer, L. ancora, +sometimes spelt anchora, fr. Gr. ?, akin to E. angle: cf. F. +ancre. See Angle, n.] 1. A iron instrument which is attached +to a ship by a cable (rope or chain), and which, being cast +overboard, lays hold of the earth by a fluke or hook and +thus retains the ship in a particular station. +5 The common ~ consists of a straight bar called a shank, +having at one end a transverse bar called a stock, above +which is a ring for the cable, and at the other end the +crown, from which branch out two or more arms with flukes, +forming with the shank a suitable angle to enter the ground. +Formerly the largest and strongest ~ was the sheet anchor +(hence, Fig., best hope or last refuge), called also waist +anchor. Now the bower and the sheet anchor are usually +alike. Then came the best bower and the small bower (so +called from being carried on the bows). The stream anchor is +one fourth the weight of the bower ~. Kedges or kedge +anchors are light anchors used in warping. +2. Any instrument or contrivance serving a purpose like that +of a ship's ~, as an arrangement of timber to hold a dam +fast; a contrivance to hold the end of a bridge cable, or +other similar part; a contrivance used by founders to hold +the core of a mold in place. +3. Fig.: That which gives stability or security; that on +which we place dependence for safety. +Which hope we have as an anchor of the soul. +Heb. vi. 19. +4. (Her.) An emblem of hope. +5. (Arch.) (a) A metal tie holding adjoining parts of a +building together. (b) Craved work, somewhat resembling an +~ or arrowhead; P a part of the ornaments of certain +moldings. It is seen in the echinus, or eggPandPanchor +(called also eggPandPdart, eggPandPtongue) ornament. +6. (Zol.) One of the anchorPshaped spicules of certain +sponges; also, one of the calcareous spinules of certain +Holothurians, as in species of Synapta. +w ice. See under Ice. P w ring. (math.) Same as Annulus, 2 +(b). P w stock (Naut.), the crossbar at the top of the shank +at right angles to the arms. P The ~ comes home, when it +drags over the bottom as the ship drifts. P Foul ~, the ~ +when it hooks, or is entangled with, another ~, or with a +cable or wreck, or when the slack cable entangled. P The ~ +is acockbill, when it is suspended perpendicularly from the +cathead, ready to be let go. P The ~ is apeak, when the +cable is drawn in do tight as to bring to ship directly over +it. P The ~ is atrip, or aweigh, when it is lifted out of +the ground. P The ~ is awash, when it is hove up to the +surface of the water. P At ~, anchored. P To back an ~, to +increase the holding power by laying down a small ~ ahead of +that by which the ship rides, with the cable fastened to the +crown of the latter to prevent its coming home. P To cast ~, +to drop or let go an ~ to keep a ship at rest. P To cat the +~, to hoist the ~ to the cathead and pass the ringPstopper. +P To fish the ~, to hoist the flukes to their resting place +(called the billPboards), and pass the shank painter. P To +weigh ~, to heave or raise the ~ so as to sail away. +An6chor (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Anchored (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Anchoring.] [Cf. F. ancrer.] 1. To place at ~; to secure +by an ~; as, to anchor a ship. +2. To fix or fasten; to fix in a stable condition; as, to +anchor the cables of a suspension bridge. +Till that my nails were anchored in thine eyes. +Shak. +An6chor, v. i. 1. To cast ~; to come to ~; as, our ship (or +the captain) anchored in the stream. +2. To stop; to fix or rest. +My invention...anchors on Isabel. +Shak. +An6chor, n. [OE. anker, ancre, AS. ancra, fr. L. anachoreta. +See Anchoret.] An anchoret. [Obs.] +Shak. +An6chorOaOble (?), a. Fit for anchorage. +An6chorOage (?), n. 1. The act of anchoring, or the +condition of lying at anchor. +2. A place suitable for anchoring or where ships anchor; a +hold for an anchor. +3. The set of anchors belonging to a ship. +4. Something which holds like an anchor; a hold; as, the +anchorages of the Brooklyn Bridge. +5. Something on which one may depend for security; ground of +trust. +6. A toll for anchoring; ~ duties. +Johnson. +An6choOrage (?), n. Abode of an anchoret. +An6chorOate (?), a. AnchorOshaped. +An6chored (?), a. 1. Held by an anchor; at anchor; held +safely; as, an anchored bark; also, shaped like an anchor; +forked; as, an anchored tongue. +2. (Her.) Having the extremities turned back, like the +flukes of an anchor; as, an anchored cross. [Sometimes spelt +ancred.] +An6choOress (?), n. A female anchoret. +And there, a saintly anchoress, she dwelt. +Wordsworth. +An6choOret (?), An6choOrite (?), n. [F. anachor +te, L. +anachoreta, fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? to go back, retire; ? + ? to +give place, retire, ? place; perh. akin to Skr. h> to leave. +Cf. Anchor a hermit.] One who renounces the world and +secludes himself, usually for religious reasons; a hermit; a +r?cluse. [Written by some authors anachoret.] +Our Savior himself... did not choose an anchorite's or a +monastic life, but a social and affable way of conversing +with mortals. +Boyle. +{ An7choOret6ic (?), An7choOret6icOal (?), } a. [Cf. Gr. ?.] +Pertaining to an anchoret or hermit; after the manner of an +anchoret. +An6choOret7ish (?), a. Hermitlike. +An6choOretOism (?), n. The practice or mode of life of an +anchoret. +An6chorPhold7 (?), n. 1. The hold or grip of an anchor, or +that to which it holds. +2. Hence: Firm hold: security. +An6choOrite (?), n. Same as Anchoret. +An6choOri7tess (?), n. An anchoress. [R.] +An6chorOless (?), a. Without an anchor or stay. Hence: +Drifting; unsettled. +AnOcho6vy (?), n. [Sp. anchoa, anchova, or Pg. anchova, +prob. of Iberian origin, and lit. a dried or pickled fish, +fr. Bisc. antzua dry: cf. D. anchovis, F. anchois.] (Zol.) +A small fish, about three inches in length, of the Herring +family (Engraulis encrasicholus), caught in vast numbers in +the Mediterranean, and pickled for exportation. The name is +also applied to several allied species. + + <-- p. 55 --> + +AnOcho6vy pear7 (?). (Bot.) A West Indian fruit like the +mango in taste, sometimes pickled; also, the tree (Grias +cauliflora) bearing this fruit. +An6chuOsin (?), n. [L. anchusa the plant alkanet, Gr. ?.] +(Chem.) A resinoid coloring matter obtained from alkanet +root. +An6chyOlose (?), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Anchylosed (?); p. +pr. & vb. n. Anchylosing.] [Cf. F. ankyloser.] To affect or +be affected with anchylosis; to unite or consolidate so as +to make a stiff joint; to grow together into one. [Spelt +also ankylose.] +Owen. +X An7chyOlo6sis, An7kyOlo6sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, fr. +?, fr. ? to crook, stiffen, fr. ? crooked: cf. F. ankylose.] +1. (Med.) Stiffness or fixation of a joint; formation of a +stiff joint. +Dunglison. +2. (Anat.) The union of two or more separate bones to from a +single bone; the close union of bones or other structures in +various animals. +An7chyOlot6ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to anchylosis. +An6cient (?), a. [OE. auncien, F. ancien, LL. antianus, fr. +L. ante before. See AnteO, pref.] 1. Old; that happened or +existed in former times, usually at a great distance of +time; belonging to times long past; specifically applied to +the times before the fall of the Roman empire; P opposed to +modern; as, ancient authors, literature, history; ancient +days. +Witness those ancient empires of the earth. +Milton. +Gildas Albanius... much ancienter than his namesake surnamed +the Wise. +Fuller. +2. Old; that has been of long duration; of long standing; of +great age; as, an ancient forest; an ancient castle. =Our +ancient bickerings.8 +Shak. +Remove not the ancient landmarks, which thy fathers have +set. +Prov. xxii. 28. +An ancient man, strangely habited, asked for quarters. +Scott. +3. Known for a long time, or from early times; P opposed to +recent or new; as, the ancient continent. +A friend, perhaps, or an ancient acquaintance. +Barrow. +4. Dignified, like an aged man; magisterial; venerable. +[Archaic] +He wrought but some few hours of the day, and then would he +seem very grave and ancient. +Holland. +5. Experienced; versed. [Obs.] +Though [he] was the youngest brother, yet he was the most +ancient in the business of the realm. +Berners. +6. Former; sometime. [Obs.] +They mourned their ancient leader lost. +Pope. +w demesne (Eng. Law), a tenure by which all manors belonging +to the crown, in the reign of William the Conqueror, were +held. The numbers, names, etc., of these were all entered in +a book called Domesday Book. P w lights (Law), windows and +other openings which have been enjoined without molestation +for more than twenty years. In England, and in some of the +United States, they acquire a prescriptive right. +Syn. - Old; primitive; pristine; antique; antiquated; +oldPfashioned; obsolete. P Ancient, Antiquated, Obsolete, +Antique, Antic, Old. P Ancient is opposed to modern, and has +antiquity; as, an ancient family, ancient landmarks, ancient +institutions, systems of thought, etc. Antiquated describes +that which has gone out of use or fashion; as, antiquated +furniture, antiquated laws, rules, etc. Obsolete is commonly +used, instead of antiquated, in reference to language, +customs, etc.; as, an obsolete word or phrase, an obsolete +expression. Antique is applied, in present usage, either to +that which has come down from the ancients; as, an antique +cameo, bust, etc.; or to that which is made to imitate some +~ work of art; as, an antique temple. In the days of +Shakespeare, antique was often used for ancient; as, =an +antique song,8 =an antique Roman;8 and hence, from +singularity often attached to what is ~, it was used in the +sense of grotesque; as, =an oak whose antique root peeps +out; 8 and hence came our present word antic, denoting +grotesque or ridiculous. We usually apply both ancient and +old to things subject to gradual decay. We say, an old man, +an ancient record; but never, the old stars, an old river or +mountain. In general, however, ancient is opposed to modern, +and old to new, fresh, or recent. When we speak of a thing +that existed formerly, which has ceased to exist, we +commonly use ancient; as, ancient republics, ancient heroes; +and not old republics, old heroes. But when the thing which +began or existed in former times is still in existence, we +use either ancient or old; as, ancient statues or +paintings, or old statues or paintings; ancient authors, or +old authors, meaning books. +An6cient, n. 1. pl. Those who lived in former ages, as +opposed to the moderns. +2. An aged man; a patriarch. Hence: A governor; a ruler; a +person of influence. +The Lord will enter into judgment with the ancients of his +people, and the princes thereof. +Isa. iii. 14. +3. A senior; an elder; a predecessor. [Obs.] +Junius and Andronicus... in Christianity... were his +ancients. +Hooker. +4. pl. (Eng. Law) One of the senior members of the Inns of +Court or of Chanc?y. +Council of Ancients (French Hist.), one of the two +assemblies composing the legislative bodies in 1795. +Brande. +An6cient, n. [Corrupted from ensign.] 1. An ensign or flag. +[Obs.] +More dishonorable ragged than an oldPfaced ancient. +Shak. +2. The bearer of a flag; an ensign. [Obs.] +This is Othello's ancient, as I take it. +Shak. +An6cientOly, adv. 1. In ancient times. +2. In an ancient manner. [R.] +An6cientOness, n. The quality of being ancient; antiquity; +existence from old times. +An6cientOry (?), n. 1. Antiquity; what is ancient. +They contain not word of ancientry. +West. +2. Old age; also, old people. [R.] +Wronging the ancientry. +Shak. +3. Ancient lineage; ancestry; dignity of birth. +A gentleman of more ancientry than estate. +Fuller. +An6cientOy (?), n. [F. anciennet, fr. ancien. See Ancient.] +1. Age; antiquity. [Obs.] +Martin. +2. Seniority. [Obs.] +X AnOci6le (?), n. [L.] (Rom. Antiq.) The sacred shield of +the Romans, said to havePfallen from heaven in the reign of +Numa. It was the palladium of Rome. +An6cilOlaOry (?), a. [L. ancillaris, fr. ancilla a female +servant.] Subservient or subordinate, like a handmaid; +auxiliary. +The Convocation of York seems to have been always considered +as inferior, and even ancillary, to the greater province. +Hallam. +AnOcille6 (?), n. [OF. ancelle, L. ancilla.] A maidservant; +a handmaid. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +{ AnOcip6iOtal (?), AnOcip6iOtous (?), } a. [L. anceps, +ancipitis, twoPheaded, double; anO for ambO on both sides + +caput head.] (Bot.) TwoPedged instead of round; P said of +certain flattened stems, as those of blue grass, and rarely +also of leaves. +AnOcis6troid (?), a. [Gr. ?; ? a hook + ? shape.] +HookPshaped. +An6cle (?), n. See Ankle. +An6come (?), n. [AS. ancuman, oncuman, to come.] A small +ulcerous swelling, coming suddenly; also, a whitlow. [Obs.] +Boucher. +X An6con (?), n.; L. pl. Ancones (?). [L., fr. Gr. ? the +bent arm, elbow; any hook or bend.] (Anat.) The olecranon, +or the elbow. +w sheep (Zol.), a breed of sheep with short crooked legs +and long back. It originated in Massachusetts in 1791; P +called also the otter breed. +{ An6con (?), An6cone (?), } n. [See Ancon, above.] (Arch.) +(a) The corner or quoin of a wall, crossPbeam, or rafter. +[Obs.] Gwilt. (b) A bracket supporting a cornice; a console. +{ An6coOnal (?), AnOco6neOal (?), } a. (Anat.) Of or +pertaining to the ancon or elbow. =The olecranon on anconeal +process.8 +Flower. +X AnOco6neOus (?), n. [NL., fr. L. ancon elbow.] (Anat.) A +muscle of the elbow and forearm. +An6coOnoid (?), a. Elbowlike; anconal. +An6coOny (?), n. [Origin unknown.] (Iron Work) A piece of +malleable iron, wrought into the shape of a bar in the +middle, but unwrought at the ends. +OanOcy. [L. Oantia.O A suffix expressing more strongly than +Oance the idea of quality or state; as, constancy, buoyancy, +infancy. +And (?), conj. [AS. and; akin to OS. endi, Icel. enda, OHG. +anti, enti, inti, unti, G. und, D. en, OD. ende. Cf, An if, +AnteO.] 1. A particle which expresses the relation of +connection or addition. It is used to conjoin a word with a +word, a clause with a clause, or a sentence with a sentence. +(a) It is sometimes used emphatically; as, =there are women +and women,8 that is, two very different sorts of women. +(b) By a rhetorical figure, notions, one of which is +modificatory of the other, are connected by and; as, =the +tediousness and process of my travel,8 that is, the tedious +process, etc.; =thy fair and outward character,8 that is, +thy outwardly fair character, +Schmidt's Shak. Lex. +2. In order to; P used instead of the infinitival to, +especially after try, come, go. +At least to try and teach the erring soul. +Milton. +3. It is sometimes, in old songs, a mere expletive. +When that I was and a little tiny boy. +Shak. +4. If; though. See An, conj. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +As they will set an house on fire, and it were but to roast +their eggs. +Bacon. +w so forth, and others; and the rest; and similar things; +and other things or ingredients. The abbreviation, etc. (et +cetera), or & c., is usually read and so forth. +An6daObaOtism (?), n. [L. andabata a kind of Roman +gladiator, who fought hoodwinked.] Doubt; uncertainty. +[Obs.] +Shelford. +An7daOlu6site (?), n. (Min.) A silicate of aluminium, +occurring usually in thick rhombic prisms, nearly square, of +a grayish or pale reddish tint. It was first discovered in +Andalusia, Spain. +X AnOdan6te (?), a. [It. andante, p. pr. of andare to go.] +(Mus.) Moving moderately slow, but distinct and flowing; +quicker than larghetto, and slower than allegretto. P n. A +movement or piece in andante time. +X An7danOti6no (?), a. [It., dim. of andante.] (Mus.) Rather +quicker than andante; between that allegretto. +5 Some, taking andante in its original sense of =going,8 and +andantino as its diminutive, or =less going,8 define the +latter as slower than andante. +An6daOrac (?), n. [A corruption of sandarac.] Red orpiment. +Coxe. +AOde6an , a. Pertaining to the Andes. +An6desOine (?), n. (Min.) A kind of triclinic feldspar found +in the Andes. +An6desOite (?), n. (Min.) An eruptive rock allied to +trachyte, consisting essentially of a triclinic feldspar, +with pyroxene, hornblende, or hypersthene. +An6dine (?), a. Andean; as, Andine flora. +And6i7ron (?), n. [OE. anderne, aunderne, aundyre, OF. +andier, F. landier, fr. LL. andena, andela, anderia, of +unknown origin. The Eng. was prob. confused with brandPiron, +AS. brandPFsen.] A utensil for supporting wood when burning +in a fireplace, one being placed on each side; a firedog; +as, a pair of andirons. +An7draOnat6oOmy (?), n. [Gr. ?, ?, man + ?: cf. F. +andranatomie. See Anatomy, Androtomy.] The dissection of a +human body, especially of a male; androtomy. +Coxe. +X AnOdr?6ciOum (?), n. [NL., from Gr. ?, ?, man + ? house.] +(bot.) The stamens of a flower taken collectively. +An6droOgyne (?), n. 1. An hermaphrodite. +2. (Bot.) An androgynous plant. +Whewell. +{ AnOdrog6yOnous (?), AnOdrog6yOnal (?), } a. [L. +androgynus, Gr. ?; ?, ?, man + ? woman: cf. F. androgyne.] +1. Uniting both sexes in one, or having the characteristics +of both; being in nature both male and female; +hermaphroditic. +Owen. +The truth is, a great mind must be androgynous. +Coleridge. +2. (Bot.) Bearing both staminiferous and pistilliferous +flowers in the same cluster. +{ AnOdrog6yOny (?), AnOdrog6yOnism (?), } n. Union of both +sexes in one individual; hermaphroditism. +{ An6droid (?), X AnOdroi6des (?), } n. [Gr. ? of man's +form; ?, ?, man + ? form.] A machine or automation in the +form of a human being. +An6droid, a. Resembling a man. +AnOdrom6eOda (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, the daughter of Cepheus +and Cassiopeia. When bound to a rock and exposed to a sea +monster, she was delivered by Perseus.] 1. (Astron.) A +northern constellation, supposed to represent the mythical +w. +2. (bot.) A genus of ericaceous flowering plants of northern +climates, of which the original species was found growing on +a rock surrounded by water. +X An6dron (?), n. [L. andron, Gr. ?, fr. ?, ?, man.] (Gr. & +Rom. Arch.) The apartment appropriated for the males. This +was in the lower part of the house. +An7droOpet6alOous (?), a. [Gr. ?, ?, man + ? leaf.] (Bot.) +Produced by the conversion of the stamens into petals, as +double flowers, like the garden ranunculus. +Brande. +X AnOdroph6aOgi (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ?; ?, ?, man + ? +to eat.] Cannibals; manPeaters; anthropophagi. [R.] +AnOdroph6aOgous (?), a. Anthropophagous. +An6droOphore (?), n. [Gr. ?, ?, man + ? to bear.] 1. (Bot.) +A support or column on which stamens are raised. +Gray. +2. (Zol.) The part which in some Siphonophora bears the +male gonophores. +An6droOsphinx (?), n. [Gr. ?, ?, man + ? sphinx.] (Egypt. +Art.) A man sphinx; a sphinx having the head of a man and +the body of a lion. +An6droOspore (?), n. [Gr. ?, ?, a man + ? a seed.] (Bot.) A +spore of some alg, which has male functions. +AnOdrot6oOmous (?), a. (Bot.) Having the filaments of the +stamens divided into two parts. +AnOdrot6oOmy (?), n. [Gr. ?, ?, man + ? a cutting. Cf. +Anatomy.] Dissection of the human body, as distinguished +from zotomy; anthropotomy. [R.] +Oan6drous (?). [Gr. ?, ?, a man.] (Bot.) A terminal +combining form: Having a stamen or stamens; staminate; as, +monandrous, with one stamen; polyandrous, with many stamens. +AOnear6 (?), prep. & adv. [Pref. aO + near.] Near. [R.] =It +did not come anear.8 +Coleridge. +The measure of misery anear us. +I. Taylor. +AOnear6, v. t. & i. To near; to approach. [Archaic] +AOneath6 (?), prep. & adv. [Pref. aO + neath for beneath.] +Beneath. [Scot.] +An6ecOdo7tage (?), n. Anecdotes collectively; a collection +of anecdotes. +All history, therefore, being built partly, and some of it +altogether, upon anecdotage, must be a tissue of lies. +De Quincey. +An6ecOdo7tal (?), a. Pertaining to, or abounding with, +anecdotes; as, anecdotal conversation. +An6ecOdote (?), n. [F. anecdote, fr. Gr. ? not published; ? +priv. + ? given out, ? to give out, to publish; ? out + ? to +give. See Dose, n.] 1. pl. Unpublished narratives. +Burke. +2. A particular or detached incident or fact of an +interesting nature; a biographical incident or fragment; a +single passage of private life. +{ An7ecOdot6ic (?), An7ecOdot6icOal (?), } a. Pertaining to, +consisting of, or addicted to, anecdotes. =Anecdotical +traditions.8 +Bolingbroke. +An6ecOdo6tist (?), n. One who relates or collects anecdotes. +An6eOlace (?), n. Same as Anlace. +AOnele6 (?), v. t. [OE. anelien; an on + AS. ele oil, L. +oleum. See Oil, Anoil.] 1. To anoit. +Shipley. +2. To give extreme unction to. [Obs.] +R. of Brunne. +An7eOlec6tric (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + E. electric.] (Physics) +Not becoming electrified by friction; P opposed to +idioelectric. P n. A substance incapable of being +electrified by friction. +Faraday. +An7eOlec6trode (?), n. [Gr. ? up + E. electrode.] (Elec.) +The positive pole of a voltaic battery. +X An7eOlecOtrot6oOnus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? up + E. +electrotonus.] (Physiol.) The condition of decreased +irritability of a nerve in the region of the positive +electrode or anode on the passage of a current of +electricity through it. +Foster. +AOnem6oOgram (?), n. [Gr. ? wind + Ogram.] A record made by +an anemograph. +AOnem6oOgraph (?), n. [Gr. ? wind + Ograph.] + + <-- p. 56 --> + +An instrument for measuring and recording the direction and +force of the wind. +Knight. +AOnem7oOgraph6ic (?), a. Produced by an anemograph; of or +pertaining to anemography. +An7eOmog6raOphy (?), n. [Gr. ? wind + Ography.] 1. A +description of the winds. +2. The art of recording the direction and force of the wind, +as by means of an anemograph. +An7eOmol6oOgy (?), n. [Gr. ? wind + Ology.] The science of +the wind. +An7eOmom6eOter (?), n. [Gr. ? wind + Ometer.] An instrument +for measuring the force or velocity of the wind; a wind +gauge. +{ An7eOmoOmet6ric (?), An7eOmoOmet6ricOal (?), } a. Of or +pertaining to anemometry. +An7eOmoOmet6roOgraph (?), n. [Anemometer + Ograph.] An +anemograph. +Knight. +An7eOmom6eOtry (?), n. The act or process of ascertaining +the force or velocity of the wind. +AOnem6oOne (?), n. [L. anemone, Gr. ?, fr. ? wind.] 1. +(Bot.) A genus of plants of the Ranunculus or Crowfoot +family; windflower. Some of the species are cultivated in +gardens. +2. (Zol.) The sea ~. See Actinia, and Sea anemone. +5 This word is sometimes pronounced ?n??Om??On?, especially +by classical scholars. +An7eOmon6ic (?), a. (Chem.) An acrid, poisonous, +crystallizable substance, obtained from, the anemone, or +from anemonin. +AOnem6oOnin (?), n. (Chem.) An acrid, poisonous, +crystallizable substance, obtained from some species of +anemone. +AOnem6oOny (?), n. See Anemone. +Sandys. +An7eOmorph6iOlous (?), a. [Gr. ? wind + ? lover.] (Bot.) +Fertilized by the agency of the wind; P said of plants in +which the pollen is carried to the stigma by the wind; +windPFertilized. +Lubbock. +AOnem6oOscope (?), n. [Gr. ? wind + Oscope: cf. F. +anmoscope.] An instrument which shows the direction of the +wind; a wind vane; a weathPercock; P usually applied to a +contrivance consisting of a vane above, connected in the +building with a dial or index with pointers to show the +changes of the wind. +{ AnOen7ceOphal6ic (?), An7enOceph6aOlous (?), } a. [Gr. ?, +priv. + ? the brain: cf. Encephalon.] (Zol.) Without a +brain; brainless. +Todd & B. +{ AOnenst6 (?), AOnent6 (?), } prep. [OE. anent, anentis, +anence, anens, anents, AS. onefen, onemn; an, on, on + efen +even, equal; hence meaning, on an equality with, even with, +beside. See Even, a.] [Scot. & Prov. Eng.] 1. Over against; +as, he lives anent the church. +2. About; concerning; in respect; as, he said nothing anent +this particular. +AnOen6terOous (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? intestine, ? within, +? in.] (Zol.) Destitute of a stomach or an intestine. +Owen. +An6eOroid (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? wet, moist + Ooid: cf. F. +anro de.] Containing no liquid; P said of kind of +barometer. +~ barometer, a barometer the action of which depends on the +varying pressure of the atmosphere upon the elastic top of a +metallic box (shaped like a watch) from which the air has +been exhausted. An index shows the variation of pressure. +An6eOroid, n. An ~ barometer. +Anes (?), adv. Once. [Scot.] +Sir W. Scott. +X An7esOthe6siOa (?), n., An7esOthet6ic (?), a. Same as +Ansthesia, Ansthetic. +An6et (?), n. [F. aneth, fr. L. anethum, Gr. ?. See Anise.] +The herb dill, or dillseed. +An6eOthol (?), n. [L. anethum (see Anise) + Ool.] (Chem.) A +substance obtained from the volatile oils of anise, fennel, +etc., in the form of soft shinning scales; P called also +anise camphor. +Watts. +AOnet6ic (?), a. [L. aneticus, Gr. ? relaxing; ? back + ? to +send.] (Med.) Soothing. +An6euOrism (?), n. [Gr. ?, ?, a widening, an opening; ? up + +? wide.] (Med.) A soft, pulsating, hollow tumor, containing +blood, arising from the preternatural dilation or rupture of +the coats of an artery. [Written also aneurysm.] +An7euOris6mal (?), a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to an +aneurism; as, an aneurismal tumor; aneurismal diathesis. +[Written also aneurysmal.] +AOnew6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + new.] Over again; another time; +in a new form; afresh; as, to arm anew; to create anew. +Dryden. + +AnOfrac6tuOose7 (?; 135), a. [See Anfractuous.] Anfractuous; +as, anfractuose anthers. +AnOfrac7tuOos6iOty (?), n.; pl. Anfractuosities (?). [Cf. F. +anfractuosit.] 1. A state of being anfractuous, or full of +windings and turnings; sinuosity. +The anfractuosities of his intellect and temper. +Macaulay. +2. (Anat.) A sinuous depression or sulcus like those +separating the convolutions of the brain. +AnOfrac6tuOous (?), a. [L. anfractuosus, fr. anfractus a +turning, a winding, fr. the unused anfringere to wind, bend; +anO, for ambO + fractus, p. p. of frangere to break: cf. F. +anfractueux.] Winding; full of windings and turnings; +sinuous; tortuous; as, the anfractuous spires of a born. P +AnOfrac6tuOousOness, n. +AnOfrac6ture (?), n. A mazy winding. +AnOga6riOa6tion (?), n. [LL. angariatio, fr. L. angaria +service to a lord, villenage, fr. anga??us, Gr. ? (a Persian +word), a courier for carrying royal dispatches.] Exaction of +forced service; compulsion. [Obs.] +Speed. +An7geiOol6oOgy (?), n., An7geiOot6oOmy, etc. Same as +Angiology, Angiotomy, etc. +An6gel (?), n. [AS. angel, engel, influenced by OF. angele, +angle, F. ange. Both the AS. and the OF. words are from L. +angelus, Gr. ? messenger, a messenger of God, an ~.] 1. A +messenger. [R.] +The dear good angel of the Spring, +The nightingale. +B. Jonson. +2. A spiritual, celestial being, superior to man in power +and intelligence. In the Scriptures the angels appear as +God's messengers. +O, welcome, purePeyed Faith, whitePhanded Hope, +Thou hovering angel, girt with golden wings. +Milton. +3. One of a class of =fallen angels;8 an evil spirit; as, +the devil and his angels. +4. A minister or pastor of a church, as in the Seven Asiatic +churches. [Archaic] +UntoPthe angel of the church of Ephesus write. +Rev. ii. 1. +5. Attendant spirit; genius; demon. +Shak. +6. An appellation given to a person supposed to be of +angelic goodness or loveliness; a darling. +When pain and anguish wring the brow. +Sir W. Scott. +7. (Numis.) An ancient gold coin of England, bearing the +figure of the archangel Michael. It varied in value from 6s. +8d. to 10s. +Amer. Cyc. +5 Angel is sometimes used adjectively; as, angel grace; +angel whiteness. +w bed, a bed without posts. P w fish. (Zol.) (a) A species +of shark (Sq??tina angelus) from six to eight feet long, +found on the coasts of Europe and North America. It takes +its name from its pectoral fins, which are very large and +extend horizontally like wings when spread. (b) One of +several species of compressed, bright colored fishes warm +seas, belonging to the family, Chtodontid. P w gold, +standard gold. [Obs.] Fuller. P w shark. See Angel fish. P w +shot (Mil.), a kind of chain shot. P w water, a perfumed +liquid made at first chiefly from angelica; afterwards +containing rose, myrtle, and orangePflower waters, with +ambergris, etc. [Obs.] +An6gelOage (?), n. Existence or state of angels. +An6gelOet (?), n. [OF. angelet.] A small gold coin formerly +current in England; a half angel. +Eng. Cyc. +An6gel fish. See under Angel. +An6gelOhood (?), n. The state of being an angel; angelic +nature. +Mrs. Browning. +{ AnOgel6ic (?), AnOgel6icOal (?), } a. [L. angelicus, Gr. +?: cf. F. anglique.] Belonging to, or proceeding from, +angels; resembling, characteristic of, or partaking of the +nature of, an angel; heavenly; divine. =Angelic harps.8 +Thomson.=Angelical actions.8 Hooker. +The union of womanly tenderness and angelic patience. +Macaulay. +Angelic Hymn, a very ancient hymn of the Christian Church; P +so called from its beginning with the song of the heavenly +host recorded in Luke ii. 14. +Eadie. +AnOgel6ic, a. [From Angelica.] (Chem.) Of or derived from +angelica; as, angelic acid; angelic ether. +w acid, an acid obtained from angelica and some other +plants. +AnOgel6iOca (?), n. [NL. See Angelic.] (Bot.) 1. An aromatic +umbelliferous plant (Archangelica officinalis or Angelica +archangelica) the leaf stalks of which are sometimes candied +and used in confectionery, and the roots and seeds as an +aromatic tonic. +2. The candied leaf stalks of ~. +w tree, a thorny North American shrub (Aralia spinosa), +called also Hercules' club. +AnOgel6icOalOly (?), adv. Like an angel. +AnOgel6icOalOness, n. The quality of being angelic; +excellence more than human. +AnOgel6iOfy (?), v. t. To make like an angel; to angelize. +[Obs.] +Farindon (1647). +An6gelOize (?), v. t. To raise to the state of an angel; to +render angelic. +It ought not to be our object to angelize, nor to brutalize, +but to humanize man. +W. Taylor. +An6gelOlike7 (?), a. & adv. Resembling an angel. +An7gelOol6aOtry (?), n. [Gr. ? angel + ? service, worship.] +Worship paid to angels. +An7gelOol6oOgy (?), n. [L. angelus, Gr. ? + Ology.] A +discourse on angels, or a body of doctrines in regard to +angels. +The same mythology commanded the general consent; the same +angelology, demonology. +Milman. +An7gelOoph6aOny (?), n. [Gr. ? angel + ? to appear.] The +actual appearance of an angel to man. +An6geOlot (?), n. [F. angelot, LL. angelotus, angellotus, +dim. of angelus. See Angel.] 1. A French gold coin of the +reign of Louis XI., bearing the image of St. Michael; also, +a piece coined at Paris by the English under Henry VI. +[Obs.] +2. An instrument of music, of the lute kind, now disused. +Johnson. R. Browning. +3. A sort of small, rich cheese, made in Normandy. +X An6geOlus (?), n. [L.] (R. C. Ch.) (a) A form of devotion +in which three Ave Marias are repeated. It is said at +morning, noon, and evening, at the sound of a bell. (b) The +Angelus bell. +Shipley. +An6ger (?), n. [OE. anger, angre, affliction, ~, fr. Icel. +angr affliction, sorrow; akin to Dan. anger regret, Swed. +nger regret, AS. ange oppressed, sad, L. angor a +strangling, anguish, angere to strangle, Gr. ? to strangle, +Skr. amhas pain, and to. anguish, anxious, quinsy, and perh. +awe, ugly. The word seems to have orig. meant to choke, +squeeze. ?.] 1. Trouble; vexation; also, physical pain or +smart of a sore, etc. [Obs.] +I made the experiment, setting the moxa where... the +greatest anger and soreness still continued. +Temple. +2. A strong passion or emotion of displeasure or antagonism, +excited by a real or supposed injury or insult to one's self +or others, or by the intent to do such injury. +Anger is like +A full not horse, who being allowed his way, +SelfPmettle tires him. +Shak. +Syn. - Resentment; wrath; rage; fury; passion; ire gall; +choler; indignation; displeasure; vexation; grudge; spleen. +P Anger, Indignation, Resentment, Wrath, Ire, Rage, Fury. +Anger is a feeling of keen displeasure (usually with a +desire to punish) for what we regard as wrong toward +ourselves or others. It may be excessive or misplaced, but +is not necessarily criminal. Indignation is a generous +outburst of ~ in view of things which are indigna, or +unworthy to be done, involving what is mean, cruel, +flagitious, etc., in character or conduct. Resentment is +often a moody feeling, leading one to brood over his +supposed personal wrongs with a deep and lasting ~. See +Resentment. Wrath and ire (the last poetical) express the +feelings of one who is bitterly provoked. Rage is a vehement +ebullition of ~; and fury is an excess of rage, amounting +almost to madness. Warmth of constitution often gives rise +to anger; a high sense of honor creates indignation at +crime; a man of quick sensibilities is apt to cherish +resentment; the wrath and ire of men are often connected +with a haughty and vindictive spirit; rage and fury are +distempers of the soul to be regarded only with abhorrence. +An6ger (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Angered (?); p. pr. & vb. n. +Angering.] [Cf. Icel. angra.] 1. To make painful; to cause +to smart; to inflame. [Obs.] +He... angereth malign ulcers. +Bacon. +2. To excite to ~; to enrage; to provoke. +Taxes and impositions... which rather angered than grieved +the people. +Clarendon. +An6gerOly, adv. Angrily. [Obs.or Poetic] +Why, how now, Hecate! you look angerly. +Shak. +An6geOvine (?), a. [F. Angevin.] Of or pertaining to Anjou +in France. P n. A native of Anjou. +X An7giOen6chyOma (?), n. [Gr. ? receptacle + ?. Formed like +Parenchyma.] (Bot.) Vascular tissue of plants, consisting of +spiral vessels, dotted, barred, and pitted ducts, and +laticiferous vessels. +X AnOgi6na (?), n. [L., fr. angere to strangle, to choke. +See Anger, n.] (Med.) Any inflammatory affection of the +throat or faces, as the quinsy, malignant sore throat, +croup, etc., especially such as tends to produce +suffocation, choking, or shortness of breath. +w pectoris (?), a peculiarly painful disease, so named from +a sense of suffocating contraction or tightening of the +lower part of the chest; P called also breast pang, spasm of +the chest. +{ An6giOnous (?), An6giOnose7 (?), } a. (Med.) Pertaining to +angina or angina pectoris. +An6giOoO (?). [Gr. ? vessel receptacle.] A prefix, or +combining form, in numerous compounds, usually relating to +seed or blood vessels, or to something contained in, or +covered by, a vessel. +An7giOoOcar6pous (?), a. [AngioO + Gr. ? fruit.] (Bot.)(a) +Having fruit inclosed within a covering that does not form a +part of itself; as, the filbert covered by its husk, or the +acorn seated in its cupule. Brande & C. (b) Having the seeds +or spores covered, as in certain lichens. +Gray. +An7giOof6raOphy (?), n. [AngioO + Ography: cf. F. +angiographie.] (Anat.) A description of blood vessels and +lymphatics. +An7giOol6oOgy (?), n. [AngioO + Ology.] (Anat.) That part of +anatomy which treats of blood vessels and lymphatics. +X An7giOo6ma (?), n. [AngioO + Ooma.] (Med.) A tumor +composed chiefly of dilated blood vessels. +An7giOoOmon7oOsper6mous (?), a. [AngioO + monospermous.] +(Bot.) Producing one seed only in a seed pod. +An6giOoOscope (?), n. [AngioO + Oscope.] An instrument for +examining the capillary vessels of animals and plants. +Morin. +An6giOoOsperm (?), n. [AngioO + Gr. ?, ?, seed.] (Bot.) A +plant which has its seeds inclosed in a pericarp. +5 The term is restricted to exogenous plants, and applied to +one of the two grand divisions of these species, the other +division including gymnosperms, or those which have naked +seeds. The oak, apple, beech, etc., are angiosperms, while +the pines, spruce, hemlock, and the allied varieties, are +gymnosperms. +An7giOoOsper6maOtous (?), a. (Bot.) Same as Angiospermous. +An7giOoOsper6mous (?), a. (Bot.) Having seeds inclosed in a +pod or other pericarp. +An7giOos6poOrous (?), a. [AngioO + spore.] (Bot.) Having +spores contained in cells or thec, as in the case of some +fungi. +An7giOos6toOmous (?), a. [AngioO + Gr. ? mouth.] (Zol.) +With a narrow mouth, as the shell of certain gastropods. +An7giOot6oOmy (?), n. [AngioO + Gr. ? a cutting.] (Anat.) +Dissection of the blood vessels and lymphatics of the body. +Dunglison. +An6gle (?), n. [F. angle, L. angulus angle, corner; akin to +uncus hook, Gr. ? bent, crooked, angular, ? a bend or +hollow, AS. angel hook, fishO + + <-- p. 57 --> + +hook, G. angel, and F. anchor.] 1. The inclosed space near +the point where two lines; a corner; a nook. +Into the utmost angle of the world. +Spenser. +To search the tenderest angles of the heart. +Milton. +2. (Geom.) (a) The figure made by. two lines which meet. (b) +The difference of direction of two lines. In the lines meet, +the point of meeting is the vertex of the angle. +3. A projecting or sharp corner; an angular fragment. +Though but an angle reached him of the stone. +Dryden. +4. (Astrol.) A name given to four of the twelve astrological +=houses.8 [Obs.] +Chaucer. +5. [AS. angel.] A fishhook; tackle for catching fish, +consisting of a line, hook, and bait, with or without a rod. +Give me mine angle: we 'll to the river there. +Shak. +A fisher next his trembling angle bears. +Pope. +Acute angle, one less than a right angle, or less than 900. +P Adjacent or Contiguous angles, such as have one leg common +to both angles. P Alternate angles. See Alternate. P Angle +bar. (a) (Carp.) An upright bar at the angle where two faces +of a polygonal or bay window meet. Knight. (b) (Mach.) Same +as Angle iron. P Angle bead (Arch.), a bead worked on or +fixed to the angle of any architectural work, esp. for +protecting an angle of a wall. P Angle brace, Angle tie +(Carp.), a brace across an interior angle of a wooden frame, +forming the hypothenuse and securing the two side pieces +together. Knight. P Angle iron (Mach.), a rolled bar or +plate of iron having one or more angles, used for forming +the corners, or connecting or sustaining the sides of an +iron structure to which it is riveted. P Angle leaf +(Arch.), a detail in the form of a leaf, more or less +conventionalized, used to decorate and sometimes to +strengthen an angle. P Angle meter, an instrument for +measuring angles, esp. for ascertaining the dip of strata. P +Angle shaft (Arch.), an enriched angle bead, often having a +capital or base, or both. P Curvilineal angle, one formed by +two curved lines. P External angles, angles formed by the +sides of any rightPlined figure, when the sides are produced +or lengthened. P Facial angle. See under Facial. P Internal +angles, those which are within any rightPlined figure. P +Mixtilineal angle, one formed by a right line with a curved +line. P Oblique angle, one acute or obtuse, in opposition to +a right angle. P Obtuse angle, one greater than a right +angle, or more than 900. P Optic angle. See under Optic. P +Rectilineal or RightPlined angle, one formed by two right +lines. P Right angle, one formed by a right line falling on +another perpendicularly, or an angle of 900 (measured by a +quarter circle). P Solid angle, the figure formed by the +meeting of three or more plane angles at one point. P +Spherical angle, one made by the meeting of two arcs of +great circles, which mutually cut one another on the surface +of a globe or sphere. P Visual angle, the angle formed by +two rays of light, or two straight lines drawn from the +extreme points of an object to the center of the eye. P For +Angles of commutation, draught, incidence, reflection, +refraction, position, repose, fraction, see Commutation, +Draught, Incidence, Reflection, Refraction, etc. +An6gle (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Angled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. +Angling (?).] 1. To fish with an angle (fishhook), or with +hook and line. +2. To use some bait or artifice; to intrigue; to scheme; as, +to angle for praise. +The hearts of all that he did angle for. +Shak. +An6gle, v. t. To try to gain by some insinuating artifice; +to allure. [Obs.] =He angled the people's hearts.8 +Sir P. Sidney. +An6gled (?), a. Having an angle or angles; P used in +compounds; as, rightPangled, manyPangled, etc. +The thrice threePangled beechnut shell. +Bp. Hall. +An6gleOme7ter (?), n. [Angle + Ometer.] An instrument to +measure angles, esp. one used by geologists to measure the +dip of strata. +An6gler (?), n. 1. One who angles. +2. (Zol.) A fish (Lophius piscatorius), of Europe and +America, having a large, broad, and depressed head, with the +mouth very large. Peculiar appendages on the head are said +to be used to entice fishes within reach. Called also +fishing frog, frogfish, toadfish, goosefish, allmouth, +monkfish, etc. +An6gles (?), n. pl. [L. Angli. See Anglican.] (Ethnol.) An +ancient Low German tribe, that settled in Britain, which +came to be called EnglaPland (Angleland or England). The +Angles probably came from the district of Angeln (now within +the limits of Schleswig), and the country now Lower Hanover, +etc. +An6gleOsite (?), n. [From the Isle of Anglesea.] (Min.) A +native sulphate of lead. It occurs in white or yellowish +transparent, prismatic crystals. +An6gleOwise7 (?), adv. [Angle + wise, OE. wise manner.] In +an angular manner; angularly. +An6gleOworm7 (?), n. (Zol.) A earthworm of the genus +Lumbricus, frequently used by anglers for bait. See +Earthworm. +An6gliOan (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Angles. P n. One +of the Angles. +An6glic (?), a. Anglian. +An6gliOcan (?), a. [Angli the Angles, a Germanic tribe in +Lower Germany. Cf. English.] 1. English; of or pertaining to +England or the English nation; especially, pertaining to, or +connected with, the established church of England; as, the +Anglican church, doctrine, orders, ritual, etc. +2. Pertaining to, characteristic of, or held by, the high +church party of the Church of England. +An6gliOcan (?), n. 1. A member of the Church of England. +Whether Catholics, Anglicans, or Calvinists. +Burke. +2. In a restricted sense, a member of the High Church party, +or of the more advanced ritualistic section, in the Church +of England. +An6gliOcanOism (?), n. 1. Strong partiality to the +principles and rites of the Church of England. +2. The principles of the established church of England; +also, in a restricted sense, the doctrines held by the +highPchurch party. +3. Attachment to England or English institutions. +X An6gliOce (?), adv. [NL.] In English; in the English +manner; as, Livorno, Anglice Leghorn. +AnOglic6iOfy (?), v. t. [NL. Anglicus English + Ofly.] To +anglicize. [R.] +An6gliOcism (?), n. [Cf. F. anglicisme.] 1. An English +idiom; a phrase or form language peculiar to the English. +Dryden. +2. The quality of being English; an English characteristic, +custom, or method. +AnOgic6iOty (?), n. The state or quality of being English. +An7gliOciOza6tion (?), n. The act of anglicizing, or making +English in character. +An6gliOcize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Anglicized (?); p. pr. +& vb. n. Anglicizing.] To make English; to English; to +anglify; render conformable to the English idiom, or to +English analogies. +An6gliOfy (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Anglified (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Anglifying.] [L. Angli + Ofly.] To convert into +English; to anglicize. +Franklin. Darwin. +An6gling (?), n. The act of one who angles; the art of +fishing with rod and line. +Walton. +An6gloP (?). [NL. Anglus English. See Anglican.] A combining +form meaning the same as English; or English and, or English +conjoined with; as, AngloPTurkish treaty, AngloPGerman, +AngloPIrish. +AngloPAmerican, a. Of or pertaining to the English and +Americans, or to the descendants of Englishmen in America. P +n. A descendant from English ancestors born in America, or +the United States. +AngloPDanish, a. Of or pertaining to the English and Danes, +or to the Danes who settled in England. +AngloPIndian, a. Of or pertaining to the English in India, +or to the English and East Indian peoples or languages. P n. +One of the ^ race born or resident in the East Indies. +AngloPNorman, a. Of or pertaining to the ^ and Normans, or +to the Normans who settled in England. P n. One of the ^ +Normans, or the Normans who conquered England. +AngloPSaxon. See AngloPSaxon in the Vocabulary. +An6gloPCath6oOlic , a,. Of or pertaining to a church modeled +on the English Reformation; Anglican; P sometimes restricted +to the ritualistic or High Church section of the Church of +England. +An6gloPCath6oOlic, n. A member of the Church of England who +contends for its catholic character; more specifically, a +High Churchman. +An6gloOma6niOa (?), n. [AngloO + mania.] A mania for, or an +inordinate attachment to, English customs, institutions, +etc. +An7gloOma6niOac, n. One affected with Anglomania. +An7gloOpho6biOa (?), n. [AngloO + Gr. ? fear.] Intense dread +of, or aversion to, England or the English. P An6gloOphobe +(?), n. +An6gloOSax6on (?), n. [L. AngliPSaxones English Saxons.] 1. +A Saxon of Britain, that is, an English Saxon, or one the +Saxons who settled in England, as distinguished from a +continental (or =Old8) Saxon. +2. pl. The Teutonic people (Angles, Saxons, Jutes) of +England, or the English people, collectively, before the +Norman Conquest. +It is quite correct to call thelstan =King of the +AngloPSaxons,8 but to call this or that subject of thelstan +=an AngloPSaxon8 is simply nonsense. +E. A. Freeman. +3. The language of the ^ people before the Conquest +(sometimes called Old English). See Saxon. +4. One of the race or people who claim descent from the +Saxons, Angles, or other Teutonic tribes who settled in +England; a person of English descent in its broadest sense. +An6gloPSax6on, a. Of or pertaining to the AngloPSaxons or +their language. +An6gloPSax6onOdom (?), n. The AngloPSaxon domain (i. e., +Great Britain and the United States, etc.); the AngloPSaxon +race. +An6gloPSax6onOism (?), n. 1. A characteristic of the +AngloPSaxon race; especially, a word or an idiom of the +AngloPSaxon tongue. +M. Arnold. +2. The quality or sentiment of being AngloPSaxon, or ^ in +its ethnological sense. +AnOgo6la (?), n. [A corruption of Angora.] A fabric made +from the wool of the Angora goat. +AnOgo6la pea7 (?). (Bot.) A tropical plant (Cajanus indicus) +and its edible seed, a kind of pulse; P so called from +Angola in Western Africa. Called also pigeon pea and Congo +pea. +X An6gor , n. [L. See Anger.] (Med.) Great anxiety +accompanied by painful constriction at the upper part of the +belly, often with palpitation and oppression. +AnOgo6ra (?), n. A city of Asia Minor (or Anatolia) which +has given its name to a goat, a cat, etc. +w cat (Zol.), a variety of the domestic cat with very long +and silky hair, generally of the brownish white color. +Called also Angola cat. See Cat. P w goat(Zol.), a variety +of the domestic goat, reared for its long silky hair, which +is highly prized for manufacture. +An7gosOtu6ra bark6 (?). From Angostura, in Venezuela.] An +aromatic bark used as a tonic, obtained from a South +American of the rue family (Galipea cusparia, or +officinalis). +U. S. Disp. +X An7gou7mois6 moth6 (?; 115). [So named from Angoumois in +France.] (Zol.) A small moth (Gelechia cerealella) which is +very destructive to wheat and other grain. The larva eats +out the inferior of the grain, leaving only the shell. +An6griOly (?), adv. In an angry manner; under the influence +of anger. +An6griOness, n. The quality of being angry, or of being +inclined to anger. +Such an angriness of humor that we take fire at everything. +Whole Duty of Man. +An6gry (?), a. [Compar. Angrier (?); superl. Angriest.] [See +Anger.] 1. Troublesome; vexatious; rigorous. [Obs.] +God had provided a severe and angry education to chastise +the forwardness of a young spirit. +Jer. Taylor. +2. Inflamed and painful, as a sore. +3. Touched with anger; under the emotion of anger; feeling +resentment; enraged; P followed generally by with before a +person, and at before a thing. +Be not grieved, nor angry with yourselves. +Gen. xlv. 5. +Wherefore should God be angry at thy voice? +Eccles. v. 6. +4. Showing anger; proceeding from anger; acting as if moved +by anger; wearing the marks of anger; as, angry words or +tones; an angry sky; angry waves. =An angry countenance.8 +Prov. xxv. 23. +5. Red. [R.] +Sweet rose, whose hue, angry and brave. +Herbert. +6. Sharp; keen; stimulated. [R.] +I never ate with angrier appetite. +Tennyson. +Syn. - Passionate; resentful; irritated; irascible; +indignant; provoked; enraged; incensed; exasperated; irate; +hot; raging; furious; wrathful; wroth; choleric; inflamed; +infuriated. +An6guiOform (?), a. [L. angius snake + Oform.] SnakePshaped. +AnOguil6liOform (?), a. [L. anguilla eel (dim. of anguis +snake) + Oform.] EelPshaped. +5 The =Anguillformes8 of Cuvier are fishes related to thee +eel. +An6guine (?), a. [L. anguinus, fr. anguis snake.] Of, +pertaining to, or resembling, a snake or serpent. =The +anguine or snakelike reptiles.8 +Owen. +AnOquin6eOal (?), a. Anguineous. +AnOguin6eOous (?), a. [L. anguineus.] Snakelike. +An6guish (?), n. [OE. anguishe, anguise, angoise, F. +angoisse, fr. L. angustia narrowness, difficulty, distress, +fr. angustus narrow, difficult, fr. angere to press +together. See Anger.] Extreme pain, either of body or mind; +excruciating distress. +But they hearkened not unto Moses for anguish of spirit, and +for cruel bondage. +Ex. vi. 9. +Anguish as of her that bringeth forth her first child. +Jer. iv. 31. +Rarely used in the plural: P +Ye miserable people, you must go to God in anguishes, and +make your prayer to him. +Latimer. +Syn. - Agony; pang; torture; torment. See Agony. +An6guish, v. t. [Cf. F. angoisser, fr. L. angustiare.] To +distress with extreme pain or grief. [R.] +Temple. +An6guOlar (?), a. [L. angularis, fr. angulus angle, corner. +See Angle.] 1. Relating to an angle or to angles; having an +angle or angles; forming an angle or corner; sharpPcornered; +pointed; as, an angular figure. +2. Measured by an angle; as, angular distance. +3. Fig.: Lean; lank; rawPboned; ungraceful; sharp and stiff +in character; as, remarkably angular in his habits and +appearance; an angular female. +w aperture, w distance. See Aperture, Distance. P w motion, +the motion of a body about a fixed point or fixed axis, as +of a planet or pendulum. It is equal to the angle passed +over at the point or axis by a line drawn to the body. P w +point, the point at which the sides of the angle meet; the +vertex. P w velocity, the ratio of ~ motion to the time +employed in describing. +An6guOlar, n. (Anat.) A bone in the base of the lower jaw of +many birds, reptiles, and fishes. +An7guOlar6iOty (?), n. The quality or state of being +angular; angularness. +An6guOlarOly (?), adv. In an angular manner; with of at +angles or corners. +B. Jonson. +An6guOlarOness, n. The quality of being angular. +{ An6guOlate (?), An6guOla7ted (?), } a. [L. angulatus, p. +p. of angulare to make angular.] Having angles or corners; +angled; as, angulate leaves. +An6guOlate (?), v. t. To make angular. +An7guOla6tion (?), n. A making angular; angular formation. +Huxley. +An6guOloPden6tate (?), a. [L. angulus angle + dens, dentis, +tooth.] (Bot.) Angularly toothed, as certain leaves. +An6guOlom6eOter (?), n. [L. angulus angle + Ometer.] An +instrument for measuring external angles. +An6guOlose7 (?), a. Angulous. [R.] +An7guOlos6iOty (?), n. A state of being angulous or angular. +[Obs.] +An6guOlous (?), a. [L. angulosus: cf. F. anguleux.] Angular; +having corners; hooked. [R.] +Held together by hooks and angulous involutions. +Glanvill. +AnOgust6 (?), a. [L. angustus. See Anguish.] Narrow; strait. +[Obs.] +AnOgus6tate (?), a. [L. angustatus, p. p. of angustare to +make narrow.] Narrowed. +An7gusOta6tion (?), n. The act or making narrow; a +straitening or contacting. +Wiseman. + + <-- p. 58 -> + +{ AnOgus7tiOfo6liOate (?), AnOgus7tiOfo6liOous (?), } a. [L. +angustus narrow (see Anguish) + folium leaf.] (Bot.) Having +narrow leaves. +Wright. +An7gusOtu6ra bark7 (?). See Angostura bark. +X An7gwanOti6bo (?), n. (Zol.) A small lemuroid mammal +(Arctocebus Calabarensis) of Africa. It has only a +rudimentary tail. +AnOhang6 (?), v. t. [AS. onhangian.] To hang. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +An7harOmon6ic (?), a. [F. anharmonique, fr. Gr. ? priv. + ? +harmonic.] (Math.) Not harmonic. +The ~ function or ratio of four points abcd on a straight +line is the quantity ? : ?, where the segments are to +regarded as plus or minus, according to the order of the +letters. +An7heOla6tion (?), n. [L. anhelatio, fr. anhelare to pant; +an (perh. akin to E. on) + halare to breathe: cf. F. +anhlation.] Short and rapid breathing; a panting; asthma. +Glanvill. +AnOhele6 (?), v. i. [Cf. OF. aneler, anheler. See +Anhelation.] To pant; to be breathlessly anxious or eager +(for). [Obs.] +They anhele... for the fruit of our convocation. +Latimer. +An6heOlose (?), a. Anhelous; panting. [R.] +AnOhe6lous (?), a. [L. anhelus.] Short of breath; panting. +X An6hiOma (?), n. [Brazilian name.] A South American +aquatic bird; the horned screamer or kamichi (Palamedea +cornuta). See Kamichi. +X AnOhin6ga (?), n. [Pg.] (Zol.) An aquatic bird of the +southern United States (Platus anhinga); the darter, or +snakebird. +AnOhis6tous (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? web, tissue: cf. F. +anhiste.] (Biol.) Without definite structure; as, an +anhistous membrane. +AnOhun6gered (?), a. Ahungered; longing. [Archaic] +AnOhy6dride (?), n. [See Anhydrous.] (Chem.) An oxide of a +nonmetallic body or an organic radical, capable of forming +an acid by uniting with the elements of water; P so called +because it may be formed from an acid by the abstraction of +water. +AnOhy6drite (?), n. [See Anhydrous.] (Min.) A mineral of a +white a slightly bluish color, usually massive. It is +anhydrous sulphate of lime, and differs from gypsum in not +containing water (whence the name). +AnOhy6drous (?), a. [Gr. ? wanting water; ? priv. + ? +water.] Destitute of water; as, anhydrous salts or acids. +X A6ni (?) or X A6no (?), n. [Native name.] (Zol.) A black +bird of tropical America, the West Indies and Florida +(Crotophaga ani), allied to the cuckoos, and remarkable for +communistic nesting. +X An6iOcut, X An6niOcut (?), n. [Tamil anai kattu dam +building.] A dam or mole made in the course of a stream for +the purpose of regulating the flow of a system of +irrigation. [India] +Brande & C. +AnOid7iOmat6icOal (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + E. idiomatical.] +Not idiomatic. [R.] +Landor. +{ An6iOent , An7iOen6tise (?), } v. t. [OF. anientir, F. +anantir.] To frustrate; to bring to naught; to annihilate. +[Obs.] +Chaucer. +AOnigh6 (?), prep. & adv. [Pref. aO + nigh.] Nigh. [Archaic] +{ AOnight6 (?), AOnights6 (?), } adv. [OE. on night. +[Archaic] +Does he hawk anights still? +Marston. +An6il (?), n. [F. anil, Sp. anFl, or Pg. anil; all fr. Ar. +anPnFl, for alPnFl the indigo plant, fr. Skr. nFla dark +blue, nFlF indigo, indigo plant. Cf. Lilac.] (Bot.) A West +Indian plant (Indigofera anil), one of the original sources +of indigo; also, the indigo dye. +An6ile (?), a. [L. anilis, fr. anus an old woman.] +OldPwomanish; imbecile. =Anile ideas.8 +Walpole. +An6ileOness (?), n. Anility. [R.] +AnOil6ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or obtained from, +anil; indigotic; P applied to an acid formed by the action +of nitric acid on indigo. [R.] +An6iOlide (?), n. (Chem.) One of a class of compounds which +may be regarded as amides in which more or less of the +hydrogen has been replaced by phenyl. +An6iOline (?; 277), n. [See Anil.] (Chem.) An organic base +belonging to the phenylamines. It may be regarded as ammonia +in which one hydrogen atom has been replaced by the radical +phenyl. It is a colorless, oily liquid, originally obtained +from indigo by distillation, but now largely manufactured +from coal tar or nitrobenzene as a base from which many +brilliant dyes are made. +An6iOline, a. Made from, or of the nature of, ~. +AOnil6iOty (?), n. [L. anilitas. See Anile.] The state of +being and old woman; oldPwomanishness; dotage. =Marks of +anility.8 +Sterne. +An7iOmadOver6sal (?), n. The faculty of perceiving; a +percipient. [Obs.] +Dr. H. More. +An7iOmadOver6sion (?), n. [L. animadversio, fr. +animadvertere: cf. F. animadversion. See Animadvert.] 1. The +act or power of perceiving or taking notice; direct or +simple perception. [Obs.] +The soul is the sole percipient which hath animadversion and +sense, properly so called. +Glanvill. +2. Monition; warning. [Obs.] +Clarendon. +3. Remarks by way of criticism and usually of censure; +adverse criticism; reproof; blame. +He dismissed their commissioners with severe and sharp +animadversions. +Clarendon. +4. Judicial cognizance of an offense; chastisement; +punishment. [Archaic] =Divine animadversions.8 +Wesley. +Syn. - Stricture; criticism; censure; reproof; blame; +comment. +An7iOmadOver6sive (?), a. Having the power of perceiving; +percipient. [Archaic] +Glanvill. +I do not mean there is a certain number of ideas glaring and +shining to the animadversive faculty. +Coleridge. +An7iOmadOvert6 (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Animadverted; p. pr. +& vb. n. Animadverting.] [L. animadvertere; animus mind + +advertere to turn to; ad to + vertere to turn.] 1. To take +notice; to observe; P commonly followed by that. +Dr. H. More. +2. To consider or remark by way of criticism or censure; to +express censure; P with on or upon. +I should not animadvert on him... if he had not used extreme +severity in his judgment of the incomparable Shakespeare. +Dryden. +3. To take cognizance judicially; to inflict punishment. +[Archaic] +Grew. +Syn. - To remark; comment; criticise; censure. +An7iOmadOvert6er (?), n. One who animadverts; a censurer; +also [Obs.], a chastiser. +An6iOmal (?), n. [L., fr. anima breath, soul: cf. F. animal. +See Animate.] 1. An organized living being endowed with +sensation and the power of voluntary motion, and also +characterized by taking its food into an internal cavity or +stomach for digestion; by giving carbonic acid to the air +and taking oxygen in the process of respiration; and by +increasing in motive power or active aggressive force with +progress to maturity. +2. One of the lower animals; a brute or beast, as +distinguished from man; as, men and animals. +An6iOmal, a. [Cf. F. animal.] 1. Of or relating to animals; +as, animal functions. +2. Pertaining to the merely sentient part of a creature, as +distinguished from the intellectual, rational, or spiritual +part; as, the animal passions or appetites. +3. Consisting of the flesh of animals; as, animal food. +w magnetism. See Magnetism and Mesmerism. P w electricity, +the electricity developed in some animals, as the electric +eel, torpedo, etc. P w flower (Zol.), a name given to +certain marine animals resembling a flower, as any species +of actinia or sea anemone, and other Anthozoa, hydroids, +starfishes, etc. P w heat (Physiol.), the heat generated in +the body of a living ~, by means of which the ~ is kept at +nearly a uniform temperature. P w spirits. See under Spirit. +P w kingdom, the whole class of being endowed with ~ life. +It embraces several subkingdoms, and under these there are +Classes, Orders, Families, Genera, Species, and sometimes +intermediate groupings, all in regular subordination, but +variously arranged by different writers. The following are +the grand divisions, or subkingdoms, and the principal +classes under them, generally recognized at the present +time: P +Vertebrata, including Mammalia or Mammals, Aves or Birds, +Reptilia, Amphibia, Pisces or Fishes, Marsipobranchiata +(Craniota); and Leptocardia (Acrania). +Tunicata, including the Thaliacea, and Ascidioidea or +Ascidians. +Articulata or Annulosa, including Insecta, Myriapoda, +Malacapoda, Arachnida, Pycnogonida, Merostomata, Crustacea +(Arthropoda); and Annelida, Gehyrea (Anarthropoda). +Helminthes or Vermes, including Rotifera, Chtognatha, +Nematoidea, Acanthocephala, Nemertina, Turbellaria, +Trematoda, Cestoidea, Mesozea. +Molluscoidea, including Brachiopoda and Bryozoa. +Mollusca, including Cephalopoda, Gastropoda, Pteropoda, +Scaphopoda, Lamellibranchiata or Acephala. +Echinodermata, including Holothurioidea, Echinoidea, +Asterioidea, Ophiuroidea, and Crinoidea. +C?lenterata, including Anthozoa or Polyps, Ctenophora, and +Hydrozoa or Acalephs. +Spongiozoa or Porifera, including the sponges. +Protozoa, including Infusoria and Rhizopoda. +For definitions, see these names in the Vocabulary. +{ An7iOmal6cuOlar (?), An7iOmal6cuOline (?), } a. Of, +pertaining to, or resembling, animalcules. =Animalcular +life.8 +Tyndall. +An7iOmal6cule (?), n. [As if fr. a L. animalculum, dim. of +animal.] 1. A small animal, as a fly, spider, etc. [Obs.] +Ray. +2. (Zol.) An animal, invisible, or nearly so, to the naked +eye. See Infusoria. +5 Many of the soPcalled animalcules have been shown to be +plants, having locomotive powers something like those of +animals. Among these are Volvox, the Desmidiac, and the +siliceous Diatomace. +Spermatic animalcules. See Spermatozoa. +An7iOmal6cuOlism (?), n. [Cf. F. animalculisme.] (Biol.) The +theory which seeks to explain certain physiological and +pathological by means of animalcules. +An7iOmal6cuOlist (?), n. [Cf. F. animalculiste.] 1. One +versed in the knowledge of animalcules. +Keith. +2. A believer in the theory of animalculism. +X An7iOmal6cuOlum (?), n.; pl. Animalcula (?). [NL. See +Animalcule.] An animalcule. +5 Animalcul, as if from a Latin singular animalcula, is a +barbarism. +An6iOmalOish (?), a. Like an animal. +An6iOmalOism (?), n. [Cf. F. animalisme.] The state, +activity, or enjoyment of animals; mere animal life without +intellectual or moral qualities; sensuality. +An7iOmal6iOty (?), n. [Cf. F. animalit.] Animal existence +or nature. +Locke. +An7OmalOiOza6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. animalisation.] 1. The act +of animalizing; the giving of animal life, or endowing with +animal properties. +2. Conversion into animal matter by the process of +assimilation. +Owen. +An6iOmalOize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Animalized (?); p. pr. +& vb. n. Animalizing.] [Cf. F. animaliser.] 1. To endow with +the properties of an animal; to represent in animal form. +Warburton. +2. To convert into animal matter by the processes of +assimilation. +3. To render animal or sentient; to reduce to the state of a +lower animal; to sensualize. +The unconscious irony of the Epicurean poet on the +animalizing tendency of his own philosophy. +Coleridge. +An6iOmalOly, adv. Physically. +G. Eliot. +An6iOmalOness, n. Animality. [R.] +An7iOmas6tic (?), a. [L. anima breath, life.] Pertaining to +mind or spirit; spiritual. +An7iOmas6tic, n. Psychology. [Obs.] +An6iOmate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Animated; p. pr. & vb. n. +Animating.] [L. animatus, p. p. of animare, fr. anima +breath, soul; akin to animus soul, mind, Gr. ? wind, Skr. an +to breathe, live, Goth. usPanan to expire (usO out), Icel. +nd breath, anda to breathe, OHG. ando anger. Cf. Animal.] +1. To give natural life to; to make alive; to quicken; as, +the soul animates the body. +2. To give powers to, or to heighten the powers or effect +of; as, to animate a lyre. +Dryden. +3. To give spirit or vigor to; to stimulate or incite; to +inspirit; to rouse; to enliven. +The more to animate the people, he stood on high... and +cried unto them with a loud voice. +Knolles. +Syn. - To enliven; inspirit; stimulate; exhilarate; inspire; +instigate; rouse; urge; cheer; prompt; incite; quicken; +gladden. +An6iOmate (?), a. [L. animatus, p. p.] Endowed with life; +alive; living; animated; lively. +The admirable structure of animate bodies. +Bentley. +An6iOma7ted (?), a. Endowed with life; full of life or +spirit; indicating animation; lively; vigorous. =Animated +sounds.8 Pope. =Animated bust.8 Gray. =Animated +descriptions.8 Lewis. +An6iOma7tedOly, adv. With animation. +An6iOma7ter (?), n. One who animates. +De Quincey. +An6iOma6ting, a. Causing animation; lifePgiving; +inspiriting; rousing. =Animating cries.8 Pope. P +An6iOma7tingOly, adv. +An7iOma6tion (?), n. [L. animatio, fr. animare.] 1. The act +of animating, or giving life or spirit; the state of being +animate or alive. +The animation of the same soul quickening the whole frame. +Bp. Hall. +Perhaps an inanimate thing supplies me, while I am speaking, +with whatever I posses of animation. +Landor. +2. The state of being lively, brisk, or full of spirit and +vigor; vivacity; spiritedness; as, he recited the story with +great animation. +Suspended ~, temporary suspension of the vital functions, as +in persons nearly drowned. +Syn. - Liveliness; vivacity; spirit; buoyancy; airiness; +sprightliness; promptitude; enthusiasm; ardor; earnestness; +energy. See Liveliness. +An6iOmaOtive (?), aHaving the power of giving life or +spirit. +Johnson. +An6iOma7tor (?), n. [L. animare.] One who, or that which, +animates; an animater. +Sir T. Browne. +X A6niOme7 (?), a. [F., animated.] (Her.) Of a different +tincture from the animal itself; P said of the eyes of a +rapacious animal. +Brande & C. +X A6niOme (?), n. [F. anim animated (from the insects that +are entrapped in it); or native name.] A resin exuding from +a tropical American tree (Hymena courbaril), and much used +by varnish makers. +Ure. +An6iOmism (?), n. [Cf. F. animisme, fr. L. anima soul. See +Animate.] 1. The doctrine, taught by Stahl, that the soul is +the proper principle of life and development in the body. +2. The belief that inanimate objects and the phenomena of +nature are endowed with personal life or a living soul; +also, in an extended sense, the belief in the existence of +soul or spirit apart from matter. +Tylor. +An6iOmist (?), n. [Cf. F. animiste.] One who maintains the +doctrine of animism. +An7iOmis6tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to animism. +Huxley. Tylor. +{ An7iOmose6 (?), An6iOmous (?), } a. [L. animosus, fr. +animus soul, spirit, courage.] Full of spirit; hot; +vehement; resolute. [Obs.] +Ash. +An7iOmose6ness (?), n. Vehemence of temper. [Obs.] +An7iOmos6iOty (?), n.; pl. Animosities (?). [F. animosit, +fr. L. animositas. See Animose, Animate, v. t.] 1. Mere +spiritedness or courage. [Obs.] +Skelton. +Such as give some proof of animosity, audacity, and +execution, those she [the crocodile] loveth. +Holland. +2. Violent hatred leading to active opposition; active +enmity; energetic dislike. +Macaulay. +Syn. - Enmity; hatred; opposition. P Animosity, Enmity. +Enmity be dormant or concealed; animosity is active enmity, +inflamed by collision and mutual injury between opposing +parties. The animosities which were continually springing up +among the clans in Scotland kept that kingdom in a state of +turmoil and bloodshed for successive ages. The animosities +which have been engendered among Christian sects have always +been the reproach of the church. +Such [writings] s naturally conduce to inflame hatreds and +make enmities irreconcilable. +Spectator. +[These] factions... never suspended their animosities till +they ruined that unhappy government. +Hume. +An6iOmus (?), n.; pl. Animi (?). [L., mind.] Animating +spirit; intention; temper. +X w furandi [L.] (Law), intention of stealing. +An6iOon (?), n. [Gr. ?, neut. ?, p. pr. of ? to go up; ? up ++ ? to go.] (Chem.) + + <-- p. 59 --> + +An electroPnegative element, or the element which, in +electroPchemical decompositions, is evolved at the anode; P +opposed to cation. +Faraday. +An6ise (?), n. [OE. anys, F. anis, L. anisum, anethum, fr. +Gr. ?, ?.] 1. (Bot.) An umbelliferous plant (Pimpinella +anisum) growing naturally in Egypt, and cultivated in Spain, +Malta, etc., for its carminative and aromatic seeds. +2. The fruit or seeds of this plant. +An6iOseed (?), n. The seed of the anise; also, a cordial +prepared from it. =Oil of aniseed.8 +Brande & C. +X An7iOsette6 (?), n. [F.] A French cordial or liqueur +flavored with anise seeds. +De Colange. +AOnis6ic (?), a. Of or derived from anise; as, anisic acid; +anisic alcohol. +{ X An7iOsoOdac6tyOla (?), An7iOsoOdac6tyls (?), } n. pl. +[NL. anisodactyla, fr. Gr. ? unequal (? priv. + ? equal) + ? +finger.] (Zol.) (a) A group of herbivorous mammals +characterized by having the hoofs in a single series around +the foot, as the elephant, rhinoceros, etc. (b) A group of +perching birds which are anisodactylous. +An7iOsoOdac6tyOlous (?), (a) (Zol.) Characterized by +unequal toes, three turned forward and one backward, as in +most passerine birds. +An7iOsoOmer6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? unequal + ? part.] (Chem.) +Not isomeric; not made of the same components in the same +proportions. +An7iOsom6erOous (?), a. [See Anisomeric.] (Bot.) Having the +number of floral organs unequal, as four petals and six +stamens. +An7iOsoOmet6ric (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + E. isometric.] Not +isometric; having unsymmetrical parts; P said of crystals +with three unequal axes. +Dana. +An7iOsoOpet6alOous (?), a. [Gr. ? unequal + ? leaf.] (Bot.) +Having unequal petals. +An7iOsoph6ylOlous (?), a. [Gr. ? unequal + ? leaf.] (Bot.) +Having unequal leaves. +X An7iOsoOpleu6ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? unequal + ? +side.] (Zol.) A primary division of gastropods, including +those having spiral shells. The two sides of the body are +unequally developed. +X An7iOsop6oOda (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? unequal + +Opoda.] (Zol.) A division of Crustacea, which, in some its +characteristics, is intermediate between Amphipoda and +Isopoda. +An7iOsoOstem6oOnous (?), a. [Gr. ? unequal + ? warp, thread; +? to stand.] (Bot.) Having unequal stamens; having stamens +different in number from the petals. +An7iOsoOsthen6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? unequal + ? strength.] Of +unequal strength. +{ An6iOsoOtrope7 (?), An7iOsoOtrop6ic (?), } a. [Gr. ? +unequal + ? a turning, ? to turn.] (Physics) Not isotropic; +having different properties in different directions; thus, +crystals of the isometric system are optically isotropic, +but all other crystals are anisotropic. +An7iOsot6roOpous (?), a. Anisotropic. +An6ker (?), n. [D. anker: cf. LL. anceria, ancheria.] A +liquid measure in various countries of Europe. The Dutch +anker, formerly also used in England, contained about 10 of +the old wine gallons, or 8? imperial gallons. +An6kerOite (?), n. [So called from Prof. Anker of Austria: +cf. F. ankrite, G. ankerit.] (Min.) A mineral closely +related to dolomite, but containing iron. +An6kle (?), n. [OE. ancle, anclow, AS. ancleow; akin to +Icel. kkla, kli, Dan. and Sw. ankel, D. enklaauw, enkel, +G. enkel, and perh. OHG. encha, ancha thigh, shin: cf. Skr. +anga limb, anguri finger. Cf. Haunch.] The joint which +connects the foot with the leg; the tarsus. +w bone, the bone of the ~; the astragalus. +An6kled (?), a.Having ankles; P used in composition; as, +wellPankled. +Beau. & Fl. +An6klet (?), n. An ornament or a fetter for the ankle; an +ankle ring. +An6kyOlose (?), v. t. & i. Same as Anchylose. +X An7kyOlo6sis (?), n. Same as Anchylosis. +An6lace (?), n. [Origin unknown.] A broad dagger formerly +worn at the girdle. [Written also anelace.] +{ Ann (?), An6nat (?), } n. [LL. annata income of a year, +also, of half a year, fr. L. annus year: cf. F. annate +annats.] (Scots Law) A half years's stipend, over and above +what is owing for the incumbency, due to a minister's heirs +after his decease. +X An6na (?), n. [Hindi >n>.] An East Indian money of +account, the sixteenth of a rupee, or about 2? cents. +An6nal (?), n. See Annals. +An6nalOist, n. [Cf. F. annaliste.] A writer of annals. +The monks... were the only annalists in those ages. +Hume. +An7nalOis6tic (?), a. Pertaining to, or after the manner of, +an annalist; as, the dry annalistic style.=A stiff +annalistic method.8 +Sir G. C. Lewis. +An6nalOize (?), v. t. To record in annals. +Sheldon. +An6nals (?), n. pl. [L. annalis (sc. liber), and more +frequently in the pl. annales (sc. libri), chronicles, fr. +annus year. Cf. Annual.] 1. A relation of events in +chronological order, each event being recorded under the +year in which it happened. =Annals the revolution.8 +Macaulay. =The annals of our religion.8 Rogers. +2. Historical records; chronicles; history. +The short and simple annals of the poor. +Gray. +It was one of the most critical periods in our annals. +Burke. +3. sing. The record of a single event or item. =In deathless +annal.8 +Young. +4. A periodic publication, containing records of +discoveries, transactions of societies, etc.; =Annals of +Science.8 +Syn. - History. See History. +{ An6nats (?), An6nates (?), } n. pl. [See Ann.] (Eccl. Law) +The first year's profits of a spiritual preferment, +anciently paid by the clergy to the pope; first fruits. In +England, they now form a fund for the augmentation of poor +livings. +AnOneal6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Annealed (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Annealing.] [OE. anelen to heat, burn, AS. an?lan; an on ++ ?lan to burn; also OE. anelen to enamel, prob. influenced +by OF. neeler, nieler, to put a black enamel on gold or +silver, F. nieller, fr. LL. nigellare to blacken, fr. L. +nigellus blackish, dim. of niger black. Cf. Niello, Negro.] +1. To subject to great heat, and then cool slowly, as glass, +cast iron, steel, or other metal, for the purpose of +rendering it less brittle; to temper; to toughen. +2. To heat, as glass, tiles, or earthenware, in order to fix +the colors laid on them. +AnOneal6er (?), n. One who, or that which, anneals. +AnOneal6ing, n. 1. The process used to render glass, iron, +etc., less brittle, performed by allowing them to cool very +gradually from a high heat. +2. The burning of metallic colors into glass, earthenware, +etc. +AnOnec6tent (?), a. [L. annectere to tie or bind to. See +Annex.] Connecting; annexing. +Owen. +{ An7neOlid (?), AnOnel6iOdan (?), } a. [F. annlide, fr. +anneler to arrange in rings, OF. anel a ring, fr. L. anellus +a ring, dim. of annulus a ring.] (Zol.) Of or pertaining to +the Annelida. P n. One of the Annelida. +X AnOnel6iOda (?), n. pl. [NL. See Annelid.] (Zol.) A +division of the Articulata, having the body formed of +numerous rings or annular segments, and without jointed +legs. The principal subdivisions are the Chtopoda, +including the Oligochta or earthworms and Polychta or +marine worms; and the Hirudinea or leeches. See Chtopoda. +AnOnel6iOdous (?), a. (Zol.) Of the nature of an annelid. +X An7nelOla6ta (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zol.) See Annelida. +An6neOloid (?), n. [F. annel ringed + Ooid.] (Zol.) An +animal resembling an annelid. +AnOnex6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Annexed (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Annexing.] [F. annexer, fr. L. annexus, p. p. of +annectere to tie or bind to; ad + nectere to tie, to fasten +together, akin to Skr. nah to bind.] 1. To join or attach; +usually to subjoin; to affix; to append; P followed by to. +=He annexed a codicil to a will.8 +Johnson. +2. To join or add, as a smaller thing to a greater. +He annexed a province to his kingdom. +Johnson. +3. To attach or connect, as a consequence, condition, etc.; +as, to annex a penalty to a prohibition, or punishment to +guilt. +Syn. - To add; append; affix; unite; coalesce. See Add. +AnOnex6, v. i. To join; to be united. +Tooke. +AnOnex6 (?), n. [F. annexe, L. annexus, neut. annexum, p. p. +of annectere.] Something annexed or appended; as, an +additional stipulation to a writing, a subsidiary building +to a main building; a wing. +An7nexOa6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. annexation. See Annex, v. t.] +1. The act of annexing; process of attaching, adding, or +appending; the act of connecting; union; as, the annexation +of Texas to the United States, or of chattels to the +freehold. +2. (a) (Law) The union of property with a freehold so as to +become a fixture. Bouvier. (b) (Scots Law) The appropriation +of lands or rents to the crown. +Wharton. +An7nexOa6tionOist, n. One who favors annexation. +AnOnex6er (?), n. One who annexes. +AnOnex6ion (?), n. [L. annexio a tying to, connection: cf. +F. annexion.] Annexation. [R.] +Shak. +AnOnex6ionOist, n. An annexationist. [R.] +AnOnex6ment (?), n. The act of annexing, or the thing +annexed; appendage. [R.] +Shak. +AnOni6hiOlaOble (?), a. Capable of being annihilated. +AnOni6hiOlate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Annihilated; p. pr. & +vb. n. Annihilating.] [ L. annihilare; ad + nihilum, nihil, +nothing, ne hilum (filum) not a thread, nothing at all. Cf. +File, a row.] 1. To reduce to nothing or nonexistence; to +destroy the existence of; to cause to cease to be. +It impossible for any body to be utterly annihilated. +Bacon. +2. To destroy the form or peculiar distinctive properties +of, so that the specific thing no longer exists; as, to +annihilate a forest by cutting down the trees. =To +annihilate the army.8 +Macaulay. +3. To destroy or eradicate, as a property or attribute of a +thing; to make of no effect; to destroy the force, etc., of; +as, to annihilate an argument, law, rights, goodness. +AnOni6hiOlate (?), a. Anhilated. [Archaic] +Swift. +AnOni7hiOla6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. annihilation.] 1. The act +of reducing to nothing, or nonexistence; or the act of +destroying the form or combination of parts under which a +thing exists, so that the name can no longer be applied to +it; as, the annihilation of a corporation. +2. The state of being annihilated. +Hooker. +AnOni7hiOla6tionOist, n. (Theol.) One who believes that +eternal punishment consists in annihilation or extinction of +being; a destructionist. +AnOni6hiOlaOtive (?), a. Serving to annihilate; destructive. +AnOni6hiOla7tor (?), n. One who, or that which, annihilates; +as, a fire annihilator. +AnOni6hiOlaOtoOry (?), a. Annihilative. +An7niOver6saOriOly (?), adv. Annually. [R.] +Bp. Hall. +An7niOver6saOry (?), a. [L. anniversarius; annus year + +vertere, versum, to turn: cf. F. anniversaire.] Returning +with the year, at a stated time ? annual; yearly; as, an +anniversary feast. +w day (R. C. Ch.). See Anniversary, n., 2. P w week, that +week in the year in which the annual meetings of religious +and benevolent societies are held in Boston and New York. +[Eastern U. S.] +An7niOver6saOry, n. pl. Anniversaries (?). [Cf. F. +anniversaire.] 1. The annual return of the day on which any +notable event took place, or is wont to be celebrated; as, +the anniversary of the Declaration of Independence. +2. (R. C. Ch.) The day on which Mass is said yearly for the +soul of a deceased person; the commemoration of some sacred +event, as the dedication of a church or the consecration of +a pope. +3. The celebration which takes place on an anniversary day. +Dryden. +An6niOverse (?), n. [L. anni versus the turning of a year.] +Anniversary. [Obs.] +Dryden. + +An6noOda7ted (?), a. [L. ad to + nodus a knot.] (Her.) +Curved somewhat in the form of the letter S. +Cussans. +X An6no Dom6iOni (?). [L., in the year of [our] Lord [Jesus +Christ]; usually abbrev. a. d.] In the year of the Christian +era; as, a. d. 1887. +AnOnom6iOnate (?), v. t. To name. [R.] +AnOnom7iOna6tion (?), n. [L. annominatio. See Agnomination.] +1. Paronomasia; punning. +2. Alliteration. [Obs.] +Tyrwhitt. +An6noOtate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Annotated; p. pr. & vb. +n. Annotating.] [L. annotatus; p. p. of annotare to ~; ad + +notare to mark, nota mark. See Note, n.] To explain or +criticize by notes; as, to annotate the works of Bacon. +An6noOtate, v. i. To make notes or comments; P with on or +upon. +An7noOta6tion (?), n. [L. annotatio: cf. F. annotation.] A +note, added by way of comment, or explanation; P usually in +the plural; as, annotations on ancient authors, or on a word +or a passage. +An7noOta6tionOist, n. An annotator. [R.] +An6noOtaOtive (?), a. Characterized by annotations; of the +nature of annotation. +An6noOta7tor (?), n. [L.] A writer of annotations; a +commentator. +AnOno6taOtoOry (?), a. Pertaining to an annotator; +containing annotations. [R.] +An6noOtine (?), n. [L. annotinus a year old.] (Zol.) A bird +one year old, or that has once molted. +AnOnot6iOnous (?), a. [L. annotinus, fr. annus year.] (Bot.) +A year old; in Yearly growths. +AnOnot6to (?), ArOnot6to (?), n. [Perh. the native name.] A +red or yellowishPred dyeing material, prepared from the pulp +surrounding the seeds of a tree (Bixa orellana) belonging to +the tropical regions of America. It is used for coloring +cheese, butter, etc. [Written also Anatto, Anatta, Annatto, +Annotta, etc.] +AnOnounce6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Announced (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Announcing (?).] [OF. anoncier, F. annoncer, fr. L. +annuntiare; ad + nuntiare to report, relate, nuntius +messenger, bearer of news. See Nuncio, and cf. Annunciate.] +1. To give public notice, or first notice of; to make known; +to publish; to proclaim. +Her [Q. Elizabeth's] arrival was announced trough the +country a peal of cannon from the ramparts. +Gilpin. +2. To pronounce; to declare by judicial sentence. +Publish laws, announce +Or life or death. +Prior. +Syn. - To proclaim; publish; make known; herald; declare; +promulgate. P To Publish, Announce, Proclaim, Promulgate. We +publish what we give openly to the world, either by oral +communication or by means of the press; as, to publish +abroad the faults of our neighbors. We announce what we +declare by anticipation, or make known for the first time; +as, to announce the speedy publication of a book; to +announce the approach or arrival of a distinguished +personage. We proclaim anything to which we give the widest +publicity; as, to proclaim the news of victory. We +promulgate when we proclaim more widely what has before been +known by some; as, to promulgate the gospel. +AnOnounce6ment (?), n. The act of announcing, or giving +notice; that which announces; proclamation; publication. +AnOnoun6cer (?), n. One who announces. +AnOnoy6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Annoyed (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Annoying.] [OE. anoien, anuien, OF. anoier, anuier, F. +ennuyer, fr. OF. anoi, anui, enui, annoyance, vexation, F. +ennui. See Annoy, + + <-- p. 60 --> + +n.] To disturb or irritate, especially by continued or +repeated acts; to tease; to ruffle in mind; to vex; as, I +was annoyed by his remarks. +Say, what can more our tortured souls annoy +Than to behold, admire, and lose our joy? +Prior. +2. To molest, incommode, or harm; as, to annoy an army by +impeding its march, or by a cannonade. +Syn. - To molest; vex; trouble; pester; embarrass; perplex; +tease. +AnOnoy6 (?), n. [OE. anoi, anui, OF. anoi, anui, enui, fr. +L. in odio hatred (esse alicui in odio, Cic.). See Ennui, +Odium, Noisome, Noy.] A feeling of discomfort or vexation +caused by what one dislike; also, whatever causes such a +feeling; as, to work annoy. +Worse than Tantalus' is her annoy. +Shak. +AnOnoy6ance (?), n. [OF. anoiance, anuiance.] 1. The act of +annoying, or the state of being annoyed; molestation; +vexation; annoy. +A deep clay, giving much annoyance to passengers. +Fuller. +For the further annoyance and terror of any besieged place, +? would throw into it dead bodies. +Wilkins. +2. That which annoys. +A grain, a dust, a gnat, a wandering hair, +Any annoyance in that precious sense. +Shak. +AnOnoy6er (?), n. One who, or that which, annoys. +AnOnoy6ful (?), a. Annoying. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AnOnoy6ing, a. That annoys; molesting; vexatious. P +AnOnoy6ingOly, adv. +AnOnoy6ous (?), a. [OF. enuius, anoios.] Troublesome; +annoying. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +An6nuOal (?; 135), a. [OE. annuel, F. annuel, fr. L. +annualis, fr. annus year. Cf. Annals.] 1. Of or pertaining +to a year; returning every year; coming or happening once in +the year; yearly. +The annual overflowing of the river [Nile]. +Ray. +2. Performed or accomplished in a year; reckoned by the +year; as, the annual motion of the earth. +A thousand pound a year, annual support. +Shak. +2. Lasting or continuing only one year or one growing +season; requiring to be renewed every year; as, an annual +plant; annual tickets. +Bacon. +An6nuOal, n. 1. A thing happening or returning yearly; esp. +a literary work published once a year. +2. Anything, especially a plant, that lasts but one year or +season; an ~ plant. +Oaths... in some sense almost annuals;... and I myself can +remember about forty different sets. +Swift. +3. (R. C. Ch.) A Mass for a deceased person or for some +special object, said daily for a year or on the anniversary +day. +An6nuOalOist, n. One who writers for, or who edits, an +annual. [R.] +An6nuOalOly, adv. Yearly; year by year. +An6nuOaOry (?), a. [Cf. F. annuaire.] Annual. [Obs.] P n. A +yearbook. +An6nuOelOer (?), n. A priest employed in saying annuals, or +anniversary Masses. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +An6nuOent (?), a. [L. annuens, p. pr. of annuere; ad + nuere +to nod.] Nodding; as, annuent muscles (used in nodding). +AnOnu6iOtant (?), n. [See Annuity.] One who receives, or its +entitled to receive, an annuity. +Lamb. +AnOnu6iOty (?), n.; pl. Annuities (?). [LL. annuitas, fr. L. +annus year: cf. F. annuit.] A sum of money, payable yearly, +to continue for a given number of years, for life, or +forever; an annual allowance. +AnOnul6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Annulled (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Annulling.] [F. annuler, LL. annullare, annulare, fr. L. +ad to + nullus none, nullum, neut., nothing. See Null, a.] +1. To reduce to nothing; to obliterate. +Light, the prime work of God, to me's extinct. +And all her various objects of delight +Annulled. +Milton. +2. To make void or of no effect; to nullify; to abolish; to +do away with; P used appropriately of laws, decrees, edicts, +decisions of courts, or other established rules, permanent +usages, and the like, which are made void by component +authority. +Do they mean to annul laws of inestimable value to our +liberties? +Burke. +Syn. - To abolish; abrogate; repeal; cancel; reverse; +rescind; revoke; nullify; destroy. See Abolish. +An6nuOlar (?), a. [L. annularis, fr. annulis ring: cf. F. +annulaire.] 1. Pertaining to, or having the form of, a ring; +forming a ring; ringed; ringPshaped; as, annular fibers. +2. Banded or marked with circles. +w eclipse (Astron.), an eclipse of the sun in which the moon +at the middle of the eclipse conceals the central part of +the sun's disk, leaving a complete ring of light around the +border. +An7nuOlar6iOty (?), n. Annular condition or form; as, the +annularity of a nebula. +J. Rogers. +An6nuOlarOry, adv. In an annular manner. +An6nuOlaOry (?), a. [L. annularis. See Annular.] Having the +form of a ring; annular. +Ray. +X An7nuOla6ta (?), n. pl. [Neut. pl., fr. L. annulatus +ringed.] (Zol.) A class of articulate animals, nearly +equivalent to Annelida, including the marine annelids, +earthworms, Gephyrea, Gymnotoma, leeches, etc. See Annelida. +An6nuOlate (?), n. (Zol.) One of the Annulata. +{ An6nuOlate , An6nuOla7ted (?) } a. [L. annulatus.] 1. +Furnished with, or composed of, rings; ringed; surrounded by +rings of color. +2. (Zol.) Of or pertaining to the Annulata. +An7nuOla6tion (?), n. A circular or ringlike formation; a +ring or belt. +Nicholson. +An6nuOlet (?), n. [Dim. of annulus.] 1. A little ring. +Tennyson. +2. (Arch.) A small, flat fillet, encircling a column, etc., +used by itself, or with other moldings. It is used, several +times repeated, under the Doric capital. +3. (Her.) A little circle borne as a charge. +4. (Zol.) A narrow circle of some distinct color on a +surface or round an organ. +AnOnul6laOble (?), a. That may be Annulled. +AnOnul6ler (?), n. One who annulus. [R.] +AnOnul6ment (?), n. [Cf. F. annulement.] The act of +annulling; abolition; invalidation. +An6nuOloid (?), a.(Zol.) Of or pertaining to the +Annuloida. +X An7nuOloid6a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. annulus ring + +Ooid.] (Zol.) A division of the Articulata, including the +annelids and allie? groups; sometimes made to include also +the helmint?s and echinoderms. [Written also Annuloidea.] +X An6nuOlo6sa (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zol.) A division of the +Invertebrata, nearly equivalent to the Articulata. It +includes the Arthoropoda and Anarthropoda. By some +zologists it is applied to the former only. +An7nuOlo6san (?), n. (Zol.) One of the Annulosa. +An6nuOlose7 (?; 277), a. [L. annulus ring.] 1. Furnished +with, or composed of, rings or ringlike segments; ringed. +2. (Zol.) Of or pertaining to the Annulosa. +X An6nuOlus (?), n.; pl. Annuli (?). [L.] 1. A ring; a +ringlike part or space. +2. (Geom.) (a) A space contained between the circumferences +of two circles, one within the other. (b) The solid formed +by a circle revolving around a line which is the plane of +the circle but does not cut it. +3.(Zol.) RingPshaped structures or markings, found in, or +upon, various animals. +AnOnu6merOate (?), v. t. [L. annumeratus, p. p. of +annumerare. See Numerate.] To add on; to count in. [Obs.] +Wollaston. +AnOnu7merOa6tion (?), n. [L. annumeratio.] Addition to a +former number. [Obs.] +Sir T. Browne. +AnOnun6ciOaOble (?), a. That may be announced or declared; +declarable. [R.] +AnOnun6ciOate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Annunciated; p. pr. & +vb. n. Annunciating.] [L. annuntiare. See Announce.] To +announce. +AnOnun6ciOate (?), p. p. & a. Foretold; preannounced. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AnOnun7ciOa6tion (?; 277), n. [L. annuntiatio: cf. F. +annonciation.] 1. The act of announcing; announcement; +proclamation; as, the annunciation of peace. +2. (Eccl.) (a) The announcement of the incarnation, made by +the angel Gabriel to the Virgin Mary. (b) The festival +celebrated (March 25th) by the Church of England, of Rome, +etc., in memory of the angel's announcement, on that day; +Lady Day. +AnOnun6ciOaOtive (?), a. Pertaining to annunciation; +announcing. [R.] +Dr. H. More. +An nun6ciOa7tor (?), n. [L. annuntiator.] 1. One who +announces. Specifically: An officer in the church of +Constantinople, whose business it was to inform the people +of the festivals to be celebrated. +2. An indicator (as in a hotel) which designates the room +where attendance is wanted. +AnOnun6ciOaOtoOry (?), a. Pertaining to, or containing, +announcement; making known. [R.] +X AOnoa6 (?), n. [Native name.] (Zol.) A small wild ox of +Celebes (Anoa depressicornis), allied to the buffalo, but +having long nearly straight horns. +An6ode (?), n. [Gr. ? up + ? way.] (Elec.) The positive pole +of an electric battery, or more strictly the electrode by +which the current enters the electrolyte on its way to the +other pole; P opposed to cathode. +X An6oOdon (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? toothless; ? priv. + ?, +?, a tooth.] (Zol.) A genus of freshPwater bivalves, having +to teeth at the hinge. [Written also Anodonta.] +An6oOdyne (?), a. [L. anodynus, Gr. ? free from pain, +stilling pain; ? priv. + ? pain: cf. F. anodin.] Serving to +assuage pain; soothing. +The anodyne draught of oblivion. +Burke. +5 =The word [in a medical sense] in chiefly applied to the +different preparations of opium, belladonna, hyoscyamus, and +lettuce.8 +Am. Cyc. +An6oOdyne, n. [L. anodyon. See Anodyne, a.] Any medicine +which allays pain, as an opiate or narcotic; anything that +soothes disturbed feelings. +An6oOdy7nous (?), a. Anodyne. +AOnoil6 (?), v. t. [OF. enoilier.] The anoint with oil. +[Obs.] +Holinshed. +AOnoint6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Anointed; p. pr. & vb. n. +Anointing.] [OF. enoint, p. p. of enoindre, fr. L. inungere; +in + ungere, unguere, to smear, anoint. See Ointment, +Unguent.] 1. To smear or rub over with oil or an unctuous +substance; also, to spread over, as oil. +And fragrant oils the stiffened limbs anoint. +Dryden. + +He anointed the eyes of the blind man with the clay. +John ix. 6. +2. To apply oil to or to pour oil upon, etc., as a sacred +rite, especially for consecration. +Then shalt thou take the anointing oil, and pour it upon his +[Aaron's] head and anoint him. +Exod. xxix. 7. +Anoint Hazael to be king over Syria. +1 Kings xix. 15. +The Lord6s Anointed, Christ or the Messiah; also, a Jewish +or other king by =divine right.8 +1 Sam. xxvi. 9. +AOnoint6, p. p. Anointed. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AOnoit6er (?), n. One who anoints. +AOnoint6ment (?), n. The act of anointing, or state of being +anointed; also, an ointment. +Milton. +X AOno6lis (?), n. [In the Antilles, anoli, anoalli, a +lizard.] (Zol.) A genus of lizards which belong to the +family Iguanid. They take the place in the New World of the +chameleons in the Old, and in America are often called +chameleons. +AOnom6al (?), n. Anything anomalous. [R.] +{ AOnom6aOliOped (?)(?), AOnom6aOliOpede (?), } a. [L. +anomalus irregular + pes, pedis, foot.] Having anomalous +feet. +AOnom6aOliOped, n. (Zol.) One of a group of perching birds, +having the middle toe more or less united to the outer and +inner ones. +AOnom6aOlism (?), n. An anomaly; a deviation from rule. +Hooker. +{ AOnom7aOlis6tic (?), AOnom7aOlis6ticOal (?), } a. [Cf. F. +anomalistique.] 1. Irregular; departing from common or +established rules. +2. (Astron.) Pertaining to the anomaly, or angular distance +of a planet from its perihelion. +Anomalistic month. See under Month. P Anomalistic +revolution, the period in which a planet or satellite goes +through the complete cycles of its changes of anomaly, or +from any point in its elliptic orbit to the same again. P +Anomalistic, or Periodical year. See under Year. +AOnom7aOlis6ticOalOly, adv. With irregularity. +AOnom7aOloOflo6rous (?), a. [L. anomalus irregular + flos, +floris, flower.] (Bot.)Having anomalous flowers. +AOnom6aOlous (?), a [L. anomalus, Gr. ? uneven, irregular; ? +priv. + ? even, ? same. See Same, and cf. Abnormal.] +Deviating from a general rule, method, or analogy; abnormal; +irregular; as, an anomalousproceeding. +AOnom6aOlousOly, adv. In an anomalous manner. +AOnom6aOlousOness, n. Quality of being anomalous. +AOnom6aOly (?), n.; pl. Anomalies (?). [L. anomalia, Gr. ?. +See Anomalous.] 1. Deviation from the common rule; an +irregularity; anything anomalous. +We are enabled to unite into a consistent whole the various +anomalies and contending principles that are found in the +minds and affairs of men. +Burke. +As Professor Owen has remarked, there is no greater anomaly +in nature than a bird that can no fly. +Darwin. +2. (Astron.) (a) The angular distance of a planet from its +perihelion, as seen from the sun. This is the true ~. The +eccentric ~ is a corresponding angle at the center of the +elliptic orbit of the planet. The mean ~ is what the ~ would +be if the planet's angular motion were uniform. (b) The +angle measuring apparent irregularities in the motion of a +planet. +3. (Nat. Hist.) Any deviation from the essential +characteristics of a specific type. +X AOno6miOa (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? irregular; ? priv. + ? +law.] (Zol.) A genus of bivalve shells, allied to the +oyster, so called from their unequal valves, of which the +lower is perforated for attachment. +An7oOmoph6ylOlous (?), a. [Gr. ? irregular + ? leaf.] (Bot.) +Having leaves irregularly placed. +{ X An7oOmu6ra (?), X An7oOmou6ra (?), } n. pl. [NL., fr. +Gr. ? lawless + ? tail.] (Zol.) A group of decapod +Crustacea, of which the hermit crab in an example. +{ An7oOmu6ral (?), An7oOmu6ran (?), } a. Irregular in the +character of the tail or abdomen; as, the anomural +crustaceans. [Written also anomoural, anomouran.] +An7oOmu6ran, n. (Zol.) One of the Anomura. +An6oOmy (?), n. [Gr. ?. See Anomia.] Disregard or violation +of law. [R.] +Glanvill. +AOnon6 (?), adv. [OE. anoon, anon, anan, lit., in one +(moment), fr. AS. on in + >n one. See On and One.] 1. +Straightway; at once. [Obs.] +The same is he that heareth the word, and ~anon with joy +receiveth it. +Matt. xiii. 20. +2. Soon; in a little while. +As it shall better appear anon. +St??. +3. At another time; then; again. +Sometimes he trots,... anon he rears upright. +Shak. +w right, at once; right off. [Obs.] Chaucer. P Ev?? and ~, +now and then; frequently; often. +A pouncet box, which ever and anon +He gave his nose. +Shak. +X AOno6na , n. [NL. Cf. Ananas.] (Bot.) A genus of tropical +or subtropical plants of the natural order Anonace, +including the soursop. +An7oOna6ceous , a. Pertaining to the order of plants +including the soursop, custard apple, etc. +An6oOnym (?), n. [F. anonyme. See Anonymous.] 1. One who is +anonymous; also sometimes used for =pseudonym.8 +2. A notion which has no name, or which can not be expressed +by a single English word. [R.] +J. R. Seeley. +An7oOnym6iOty , n. The quality or state of being anonymous; +anonymousness; also, that which anonymous. [R.] +He rigorously insisted upon the rights of anonymity. +Carlyle. +AOnon6yOmous , a. [Gr. ? without name; ? priv. + ?, Eol. for +? name. See Name.] Nameless; of unknown name; also, of +unknown + +<-- p. 61 --> + + <-- p. 61 --> +or unavowed authorship; as, an anonymous benefactor; on +anonymous pamphlet or letter. +AOnon6yOmousOly (?), adv. In an anonymous manner; without a +name. +Swift. +AOnon6yOmousOness, n. The state or quality of being +anonymous. +Coleridge. +An6oOphyte (?), n. [Gr. ? upward (fr. ? up) + ? a plant, ? +to grow.] (Bot.) A moss or mosslike plant which cellular +stems, having usually an upward growth and distinct leaves. +X An6oOpla (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? unarmed.] (Zol.) One +of the two orders of Nemerteans. See Nemertina. +AnOop6loOthere (?), X An7oOploOthe6riOum (?), n. [From Gr. ? +unarmed (? priv. + ? an implement, weapon) + ? beast.] +(Paleon.) A genus of extinct quadrupeds of the order +Ungulata, whose were first found in the gypsum quarries near +Paris; characterized by the shortness and feebleness of +their canine teeth (whence the name). +X An7oOplu6ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? priv. + ? weapon, +sting + ? tail.] (Zol.) A group of insects which includes +the lice. +X AOnop6siOa (?), An6op7sy (?), } a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? +sight.] (Med.) Want or defect of sight; blindness. +X An7oOrex6iOa (?), An6oOrex7y (?) } n. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? +desire, appetite, ? desire.] (Med.) Want of appetite, +without a loathing of food. +Coxe. +AOnor6mal (?), a. [F. anormal. See Abnormal, Normal.] Not +according to rule; abnormal. [Obs.] +AOnorn (?), v. t. [OF. arner, aurner, fr. L. adornare to +adorn. The form aPourne was corrupted into anourne.] To +adorn. [Obs.] +Bp. Watson. +AOnor6thic (?), a. [See Anorthite.] (Min.) Having unequal +oblique axes; as, anorthic crystals. +AOnor6thite (?), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? straight (? sc. ? right +angle); not in a right angle.] A mineral of the feldspar +family, commonly occurring in small glassy crystals, also a +constituent of some igneous rocks. It is a lime feldspar. +See Feldspar. +AOnor6thoOscope (?), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? straight + Oscope.] +(Physics) An optical toy for producing amusing figures or +pictures by means of two revolving disks, on one of which +distorted figures are painted. +X AOnos6miOa (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? priv. + ? smell.] +(Med.) Loss of the sense of smell. +AnOoth6er (?), pron. & a. [An a, one + other.] 1. One more, +in addition to a former number; a second or additional one, +similar in likeness or in effect. +Another yet! P a seventh! I 'll see no more. +Shak. +Would serve to scale another Hero's tower. +Shak. +2. Not the same; different. +He winks, and turns his lips another way. +Shak. +3. Any or some; any different person, indefinitely; any one +else; some one else. +Let another man praise thee, and not thine own mouth. +Prov. xxvii. 2. +While I am coming, another steppeth down before me. +John v. 7. +5 As a pronoun another may have a possessive another's, pl. +others, poss. pl. other'. It is much used in opposition to +one; as, one went one way, another another. It is also used +with one, in a reciprocal sense; as, =love one another,8 +that is, let each love the other or others. =These two +imparadised in one another's arms.8 +Milton. +AnOoth6erPgaines7 (?), a. [Corrupted fr. anotherPgates.] Of +another kind. [Obs.] +Sir P. Sidney. +AnOoth6erPgates7 (?), a. [Another + gate, or gait, way. Cf. +Algates.] Of another sort. [Obs.] =AnotherPgates adventure.8 +Hudibras. +AnOoth6erPguess (?), a. [Corrupted fr. anotherPgates.] Of +another sort. [Archaic] +It used to go in anotherPguess manner. +Arbuthnot. +AOnot6ta (?), n. See Annotto. +AnOou6ra (?; 277), n. See Anura. +AnOou6rous (?), a. See Anurous. +X An6sa (?), n.; pl. Ans (?). [L., a handle.] (Astron.) A +name given to either of the projecting ends of Saturn's +ring. +An6saOted (?), a. [L. ansatus, fr. ansa a handle.] Having a +handle. +Johnson. +An6serOa7ted (?), a. (Her.) Having the extremities terminate +in the heads of eagles, lions, etc.; as, an anserated cross. +X An6seOres (?), n. pl. [L., geese.] (Zol.) A Linnan order +of aquatic birds swimming by means of webbed feet, as the +duck, or of lobed feet, as the grebe. In this order were +included the geese, ducks, auks, divers, gulls, petrels, +etc. +X An7seOriOfor6mes (?), n. pl. (Zol.) A division of birds +including the geese, ducks, and closely allied forms. +An6serOine (?), a [L. anserinus, fr. anser a goose.] 1. +Pertaining to, or resembling, a goose, or the skin of a +goose. +2. (Zol.) Pertaining to the Anseres. +An6serOous (?), a. [L. anser a goose.] Resembling a goose; +silly; simple. +Sydney Smith. +An6swer (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Answered (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Answering.] [OE. andswerien, AS. andswerian, andswarian, +to ~, fr. andswaru, n., ~. See Answer, n.] 1. To speak in +defense against; to reply to in defense; as, to answer a +charge; to answer an accusation. +2. To speak or write in return to, as in return to a call or +question, or to a speech, declaration, argument, or the +like; to reply to (a question, remark, etc.); to respond to. +She answers him as if she knew his mind. +Shak. +So spake the apostate angel, though in pain: ... +And him thus answered soon his bold compeer. +Milton. + +3. To respond to satisfactorily; to meet successfully by way +of explanation, argument, or justification, and the like; to +refute. +No man was able to answer him a word. +Matt. xxii. 46. +These shifts refuted, answer thine appellant. +Milton. +The reasoning was not and could not be answered. +Macaulay. +4. To be or act in return or response to. Hence: (a) To be +or act in compliance with, in fulfillment or satisfaction +of, as an order, obligation, demand; as, he answered my +claim upon him; the servant answered the bell. +This proud king... studies day and night +To answer all the debts he owes unto you. +Shak. +(b) To render account to or for. +I will... send him to answer thee. +Shak. +(c) To atone; to be punished for. +And grievously hath Czar answered it. +Shak. +(d) To be opposite to; to face. +The windows answering each other, we could just discern the +glowing horizon them. +Gilpin. +(e) To be or act an equivalent to, or as adequate or +sufficient for; to serve for; to repay. [R.] +Money answereth all things. +Eccles. x. 19. +(f) To be or act in accommodation, conformity, relation, or +proportion to; to correspond to; to suit. +Weapons must needs be dangerous things, if they answered the +bulk of so prodigious a person. +Swift. +An6swer, v. i. 1. To speak or write by way of return +(originally, to a charge), or in reply; to make response. +There was no voice, nor any that answered. +1 Kings xviii. 26. +2. To make a satisfactory response or return. Hence: To +render account, or to be responsible; to be accountable; to +make amends; as, the man must answer to his employer for the +money intrusted to his care. +Let his neck answer for it, if there is any martial law. +Shak. +3. To be or act in return. Hence: (a) To be or act by way of +compliance, fulfillment, reciprocation, or satisfaction; to +serve the purpose; as, gypsum answers as a manure on some +soils. +Do the strings answer to thy noble hand? +Dryden. +(b) To be opposite, or to act in opposition. (c) To be or +act as an equivalent, or as adequate or sufficient; as, a +very few will answer. (d) To be or act in conformity, or by +way of accommodation, correspondence, relation, or +proportion; to conform; to correspond; to suit; P usually +with to. +That the time may have all shadow and silence in it, and the +place answer to convenience. +Shak. +If this but answer to my just belief, +I 'll remember you. +Shak. +As in water face answereth to face, so the heart of man to +man. +Pro?. xxvii. 19. +An6swer, n. [OE. andsware, AS. andswaru; and against + +swerian to swear. ?, ?. See AntiO, and Swear, and cf. 1st +unO.] 1. A reply to a change; a defense. +At my first answer no man stood with me. +2 Tim. iv. 16. +2. Something said or written in reply to a question, a call, +an argument, an address, or the like; a reply. +A soft answer turneth away wrath. +Prov. xv. 1. +I called him, but he gave me no answer. +Cant. v. 6. +3. Something done in return for, or in consequence of, +something else; a responsive action. +Great the slaughter is +Here made by the Roman; great the answer be +Britons must take. +Shak. +4. A solution, the result of a mathematical operation; as, +the answer to a problem. +5. (Law) A counterPstatement of facts in a course of +pleadings; a confutation of what the other party has +alleged; a responsive declaration by a witness in reply to a +question. In Equity, it is the usual form of defense to the +complainant's charges in his bill. +Bouvier. +Syn. - Reply; rejoinder; response. See Reply. +An6swerOaOble (?), a. 1. Obliged to answer; liable to be +called to account; liable to pay, indemnify, or make good; +accountable; amenable; responsible; as, an agent is +answerable to his principal; to be answerable for a debt, or +for damages. +Will any man argue that... he can not be justly punished, +but is answerable only to God? +Swift. +2. Capable of being answered or refuted; admitting a +satisfactory answer. +The argument, though subtle, is yet answerable. +Johnson. +3. Correspondent; conformable; hence, comparable. +What wit and policy of man is answerable to their discreet +and orderly course? +Holland. +This revelation... was answerable to that of the apostle to +the Thessalonians. +Milton. +4. Proportionate; commensurate; suitable; as, an achievement +answerable to the preparation for it. +5. Equal; equivalent; adequate. [Archaic] +Had the valor of his soldiers been answerable, he had +reached that year, as was thought, the utmost bounds of +Britain. +Milton. +An6swerOaObleOness, n. The quality of being answerable, +liable, responsible, or correspondent. +An6swerOaObly (?), adv. In an answerable manner; in due +proportion or correspondence; suitably. +An6swerOer (?), n. One who answers. +An6swerOless (?), a. Having no answer, or impossible to be +answered. +Byron. +An 't (?). An it, that is, and it or if it. See An, conj. +[Obs.] +An't (?). A contraction for are and am not; also used for is +not; P now usually written ain't. [Colloq. & illiterate +speech.] +AntO. See AntiO, prefix. +Oant. [F. Oant, fr. L. Oantem or Oentem, the pr. p. ending; +also sometimes directly from L. Oantem.] A suffix sometimes +marking the agent for action; as, merchant, covenant, +servant, pleasant, etc. Cf. Oent. +Ant (?), n. [OE. ante, amete, emete, AS. mete akin to G. +ameise. Cf. Emmet.] (Zol.) A hymenopterous insect of the +Linnan genus Formica, which is now made a family of several +genera; an emmet; a pismire. +5 Among ants, as among bees, there are neuter or working +ants, besides the males and females; the former are without +wings. Ants live together in swarms, usually raising +hillocks of earth, variously chambered within, where they +maintain a perfect system of order, store their provisions, +and nurture their young. There are many species, with +diverse habits, as agricultural ants, carpenter ants, honey +ants, foraging ants, amazon ants, etc. The white ants or +Termites belong to the Neuroptera. +w bird (Zol.), one of a very extensive group of South +American birds (Formicariid), which live on ants. The +family includes many species, some of which are called ant +shrikes, ant thrushes, and ant wrens. P w rice (Bot.), a +species of grass (Aristida oligantha) cultivated by the +agricultural ants of Texas for the sake of its seed. +X An6ta (?), n.; pl. Ant (?). [L.] (Arch.) A species of +pier produced by thickening a wall at its termination, +treated architecturally as a pilaster, with capital and +base. +5 Porches, when columns stand between to, ant, are called +in Latin in antis. +AntOac6id (?), n. [Pref. antiO + acid.] (Med.) A remedy for +acidity of the stomach, as an alkali or absorbent. P a. +Counteractive of acidity. +AntOac6rid (?), a. [Pref. antiO + acrid.] Corrective of +acrimony of the humors. +AnOt6an (?), a. [Gr. ?.] Pertaining to Antus, a giant +athlete slain by Hercules. +AnOtag6oOnism (?), n. [Gr. ?, fr. ? to struggle against; ? +against + ? to contend or struggle, ? contest: cf. F. +antagonisme. See Agony.] Opposition of action; counteraction +or contrariety of things or principles. +5 We speak of antagonism between two things, to or against a +thing, and sometimes with a thing. +AnOtag6oOnist (?), n. [L. antagonista, Gr. ?; ? against + ? +combatant, champion, fr. ?: cf. F. antagoniste. See +Antagonism.] 1. One who contends with another, especially in +combat; an adversary; an opponent. +Antagonist of Heaven's Almigthy King. +Milton. +Our antagonists in these controversies. +Hooker. +2. (Anat.) A muscle which acts in opposition to another; as +a flexor, which bends a part, is the antagonist of an +extensor, which extends it. +3. (Med.) A medicine which opposes the action of another +medicine or of a poison when absorbed into the blood or +tissues. +Syn. - Adversary; enemy; opponent; toe; competitor. See +Adversary. +AnOtag6oOnist, a. Antagonistic; opposing; counteracting; as, +antagonist schools of philosophy. +AnOtag7oOnis6tic (?), AnOtag7oOnis6ticOal (?), } a. Opposing +in combat, combating; contending or acting against; as, +antagonistic forces. P AnOtag7oOnis6ticOalOly, adv. +They were distinct, adverse, even antagonistic. +Milman. +AnOtag6oOnize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Antagonized (?); p. +pr. & vb. n. Antagonozing.] [Gr. ?. See Antagonism.] To +contend with; to oppose actively; to counteract. +AnOtag6oOnize, v. i. To act in opposition. +AnOtag6oOny (?), n. [Gr. ?; ? + ? contest: cf. F. (16th +century) antagonie. See Antagonism.] Contest; opposition; +antagonism. [Obs.] +Antagony that is between Christ and Belial. +Milton. +AnOtal6gic (?), a. [Pref. antiO + Gr. ? pain: cf. F. +antalgique.] (Med.) Alleviating pain. P n. A medicine to +alleviate pain; an anodyne. [R.] +AnOal6kaOli (?; 277), AntOal6kaOline (?), n. [Pref. antiO + +alkali.] Anything that neutralizes, or that counteracts an +alkaline tendency in the system. +Hooper. +AntOal6kaOline, a. Of power to counteract alkalies. + + <-- p. 62 --> + +AntOam7buOla6cral (?), a. (Zol.) Away from the ambulacral +region. +X Ant7anOaOcla6sis (?), n. [Gr. ?; ? + ? a bending back and +breaking. See Anaclastic.] (Rhet.) (a) A figure which +consists in repeating the same word in a different sense; +as, Learn some craft when young, that when old you may live +without craft. (b) A repetition of words beginning a +sentence, after a long parenthesis; as, Shall that heart +(which not only feels them, but which has all motions of +life placed in them), shall that heart, etc. +X Ant7anOaOgo6ge (?), n. [Pref. antiO + anagoge.] (Rhet.) A +figure which consists in answering the charge of an +adversary, by a counter charge. +Ant7aphOroOdis6iOac (?), a. [Pref. antiO + aphrodisiac.] +(Med.) Capable of blunting the venereal appetite. P n. +Anything that quells the venereal appetite. +Ant7aphOroOdit6ic (?), a. [Pref. antiO + Gr. ? Aphrodite: +cf. F. antaphroditique.] (Med.) +1. Antaphrodisiac. +2. Antisyphilitic. [R.] +Ant7aphOroOdit6ic, n. An ~ medicine. +Ant7apOoOplec6tic (?), a. [Pref. antiO + apoplectic.] (Med.) +Good against apoplexy. P n. A medicine used against +apoplexy. +AntOar6chism (?), n. [Pref. antiO + Gr. ? government.] +Opposition to government in general. [R.] +AntOar6chist (?), n. One who opposes all government. [R.] +Ant7arOchis6tic (?), Ant7arOchis6ticOal (?), } a. Opposed to +all human government. [R.] +AntOarc6tic (?), a. [OE. antartik, OF. antartique, F. +antarctique, L. antarcticus, fr. Gr. ?; ? + ? bear. See +Arctic.] Opposite to the northern or arctic pole; relating +to the southern pole or to the region near it, and applied +especially to a circle, distant from the pole 230 28?. Thus +we say the antarctic pole, circle, ocean, region, current, +etc. +X AnOta6res (?), n. [Gr. ?; ? similar to + ? Mars. It was +thought to resemble Mars in color.] The principal star in +Scorpio: P called also the Scorpion's Heart. +Ant7arOthrit6ic (?), a. [Pref. antiO + arthritic.] (Med.) +Counteracting or alleviating gout. P n. A remedy against +gout. +Ant7asthOmat6ic (?; see Asthma; 277), a. [Pref. antiO + +asthmatic.] (Med.) Opposing, or fitted to relieve, asthma. P +n. A remedy for asthma. +Ant6Pbear7 (?), n. (Zol.) An edentate animal of tropical +America (the Tamanoir), living on ants. It belongs to the +genus Myrmecophaga. +Ant6 bird (?), (Zol.) See Ant bird, under Ant, n. +Ant6Pcat7tle (?), n. pl. (Zol.) Various kinds of plant lice +or aphids tended by ants for the sake of the honeydew which +they secrete. See Aphips. +An6teO (?). A Latin preposition and prefix; akin to Gr. ?, +Skr. anti, Goth. andO, andaO (only in comp.), AS. andO, +ondO, (only in comp.: cf. Answer, Along), G. antO, entO (in +comp.). The Latin ante is generally used in the sense of +before, in regard to position, order, or time, and the Gr. ? +in that of opposite, or in the place of. +An6te, n. (Poker Playing) Each player's stake, which is put +into the pool before (ante) the game begins. +An6te, v. t. & i. To put up (an ante). +An6teOact7 (?), n. A preceding act. +An6teOal (?), a. [L. antea, ante, before. Cf. Ancient.] +Being before, or in front. [R.] +J. Fleming. +Ant6Peat7er (?), n. (Zol.) One of several species of +edentates and monotremes that feed upon ants. See AntPbear, +Pangolin, AardOvark, and Echidna. +An7teOceOda6neOous (?), a. [See Antecede.] Antecedent; +preceding in time. =Capable of antecedaneous.8 +Barrow. +An7teOcede6 (?), v. t. & i. [L. antecedere; ante + cedere to +go. See Cede.] To go before in time or place; to precede; to +surpass. +Sir M. Hale. +An7teOced6ence (?), n. 1. The act or state of going before +in time; precedence. +H. Spenser. +2. (Astron.) An apparent motion of a planet toward the west; +retrogradation. +An7teOced6enO?y (?), n. The state or condition of being +antecedent; priority. +Fothherby. +An7teOced6ent (?), a. [L. antecedens, Oentis, p. pr. of +antecedere: cf. F. antcdent.] 1. Going before in time; +prior; anterior; preceding; as, an event antecedent to the +Deluge; an antecedent cause. +2. Presumptive; as, an antecedent improbability. +Syn. - Prior; previous; foregoing. +An7teOced6ent, n. [Cf. F. antcdent.] 1. That which goes +before in time; that which precedes. +South. +The Homeric mythology, as well as the Homeric language, has +surely its antecedents. +Max Miller. +2. One who precedes or goes in front. [Obs.] +My antecedent, or my gentleman usher. +Massinger. +3. pl. The earlier events of one's life; previous +principles, conduct, course, history. +J. H. Newman. +If the troops... prove worthy of their antecedents, the +victory is surely ours. +Gen. G. McClellan. +4. (Gram.) The noun to which a relative refers; as, in the +sentence =Solomon was the prince who built the temple,8 +prince is the antecedent of who. +5. (Logic) (a) The first or conditional part of a +hypothetical proposition; as, If the earth is fixed, the sun +must move. (b) The first of the two propositions which +constitute an enthymeme or contracted syllogism; as, Every +man is mortal; therefore the king must die. +6. (Math.) The first of the two terms of a ratio; the first +or third of the four terms of a proportion. In the ratio a : +b, a is the antecedent, and b the consequent. +An7teOced6entOly (?), adv. Previously; before in time; at a +time preceding; as, antecedently to conversion. +Barrow. +An7teOces6sor (?)(?), n. [L., fr. antecedere, antecessum. +See Antecede, Ancestor.] 1. One who goes before; a +predecessor. +The successor seldom prosecuting his antecessor's devices. +Sir E. Sandys. +2. An ancestor; a progenitor. [Obs.] +An6teOcham7ber (?), n. [Cf. F. antichambre.] 1. A chamber or +apartment before the chief apartment and leading into it, in +which persons wait for audience; an outer chamber. See +Lobby. +2. A space viewed as the outer chamber or the entrance to an +interior part. +The mouth, the antechamber to the digestive canal. +Todd & Bowman. +An6teOchap7el (?), n. The outer part of the west end of a +collegiate or other chapel. +Shipley. +AnOte6cians (?), n. pl. See Ant?cians. +An7teOcomOmun6ion (?), n. A name given to that part of the +Anglican liturgy for the communion, which precedes the +consecration of the elements. +An7teOcur6sor (?), n. [L., fr. antecurrere to run before; +ante + currere to run.] A forerunner; a precursor. [Obs.] +An6teOdate7 (?), n. 1. Prior date; a date antecedent to +another which is the actual date. +2. Anticipation. [Obs.] +Donne. +An6teOdate7 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Antedated; p. pr. & vb. +n. Antedating.] 1. To date before the true time; to assign +to an earlier date; thus, to antedate a deed or a bond is to +give it a date anterior to the true time of its execution. +2. To precede in time. +3. To anticipate; to make before the true time. +And antedate the bliss above. +Pope. +Who rather rose the day to antedate. +Wordsworth. +An7teOdiOlu6viOal (?), a. [Pref. anteO + diluvial.] Before +the flood, or Deluge, in Noah's time. +An7teOdiOlu6viOan (?), a. Of or relating to the period +before the Deluge in Noah's time; hence, antiquated; as, an +antediluvian vehicle. P n. One who lived before the Deluge. +An6teOfact7 (?), n. Something done before another act. +[Obs.] +An6teOfix7 (?), n.; pl. E. Antefixes (?); L. Antefixa (?). +[L. ante + fixus fixed.] (Arch.) (a) An ornament fixed upon +a frieze. (b) An ornament at the eaves, concealing the ends +of the joint tiles of the roof. (c) An ornament of the +cymatium of a classic cornice, sometimes pierced for the +escape of water. +An7teOflex6ion (?), n. (Med.) A displacement forward of an +organ, esp. the uterus, in such manner that its axis is bent +upon itself. +T. G. Thomas. +Ant6 egg7 (?). One of the small white eggPshaped pup or +cocoons of the ant, often seen in or about antPhills, and +popularly supposed to be eggs. +An6teOlope (?), n. [OF. antelop, F. antilope, fro Gr. ?, ?, +Eustathius, =Hexa m.,8 p. 36, the origin of which is +unknown.] (Zol.) One of a group of ruminant quadrupeds, +intermediate between the deer and the goat. The horns are +usually annulated, or ringed. There are many species in +Africa and Asia. +The antelope and wolf both fierce and fell. +Spenser. +5 The common or bezoar ~ of India is Antilope bezoartica. +The chamois of the Alps, the gazelle, the addax, and the +eland are other species. See Gazelle. The pronghorn ~ +(Antilocapra Americana) is found in the Rocky Mountains. See +Pronghorn. +An7teOlu6can (?), a. [L. antelucanus; ante + lux light.] +Held or being before light; P a word applied to assemblies +of Christians, in ancient times of persecution, held before +light in the morning. =Antelucan worship.8 +De Quincey. +An7teOmeOrid6iOan (?), a. [L. antemeridianus; ante + +meridianus belonging to midday or noon. See Meridian.] Being +before noon; in or pertaining to the forenoon. (Abbrev. a. +m.) +Ant7eOmet6ic (?), a. [Pref. antiO + emetic.] (Med.) Tending +to check vomiting. P n. A remedy to check or allay vomiting. +An7teOmoOsa6ic (?), a. Being before the time of Moses. +An7teOmun6dane (?), a. Being or occurring before the +creation of the world. +Young. +An7teOmu6ral (?), n. [L. antemurale: ante + murus wall. See +Mural.] An outwork of a strong, high wall, with turrets, in +front gateway (as of an old castle), for defending the +entrance. +An7teOna6tal (?), a. Before birth. +Shelley. +An7teOni6cene (?), a. [L.] Of or in the Christian church or +era, anterior to the first council of Nice, held a. d. 325; +as, antenicene faith. +AnOten6na (?), n.; pl. Antenn (?). [L. antenna sailPyard; +NL., a feeler, horn of an insect.] (Zol.) A movable, +articulated organ of sensation, attached to the heads of +insects and Crustacea. There are two in the former, and +usually four in the latter. They are used as organs of +touch, and in some species of Crustacea the cavity of the +ear is situated near the basal joint. In insects, they are +popularly called horns, and also feelers. The term in also +applied to similar organs on the heads of other arthropods +and of annelids. +AnOten6nal (?), a. (Zol.) Belonging to the antenn. +Owen. +An7tenOnif6erOous (?), a. [Antenna + Oferous.] (Zol.) +Bearing or having antenn. +AnOten6niOform (?), a. [Antenna + Oform.] Shaped like +antenn. +AnOten6nule (?), n. [Dim. of antenna.] (Zol.) A small +antenna; P applied to the smaller pair of antenn or feelers +of Crustacea. +An7teOnum6ber (?), n. A number that precedes another. [R.] +Bacon. +An7teOnup6tial (?), a. Preceding marriage; as, an +antenuptial agreement. +Kent. +An7teOor6bitOal (?), a. & n. (Anat.) Same as Antorbital. +An7teOpas6chal (?), a. Pertaining to the time before the +Passover, or before Easter. +An6teOpast (?), n. [Pref. anteO + L. pastus pasture, food. +Cf. Repast.] A foretaste. +Antepasts of joy and comforts. +Jer. Taylor. +X An7teOpen6diOum (?), n. [LL., fr. L. ante + pendere to +hang.] (Eccl.) The hangings or screen in front of the altar; +an altar cloth; the frontal. +Smollett. +An7teOpe6nult (?), X An7teOpeOnult6iOma (?), } n. [L. +antepaenultima (sc. syllaba) antepenultimate; ante before + +paenultimus the last but one; paene almost + ultimus last.] +(Pros.) The last syllable of a word except two, as Osyl in +monosyllable. +An7teOpeOnult6iOmate (?), a. Of or pertaining to the last +syllable but two. P n. The antepenult. +Ant7ephOiOal6tic (?), a. [Pref. antiO + Gr. ? nightmare.] +(Med.) Good against nightmare. P n. A remedy nightmare. +Dunglison. +Ant7epOiOlep6tic (?), a. [Pref. antiO + epileptic.] (Med.) +Good against epilepsy. P n. A medicine for epilepsy. +An6teOpone (?), v. t. [L. anteponere.] To put before; to +prefer. [Obs.] +Bailey. +An6teOport (?), n. [Cf. LL. anteporta.] An outer port, gate, +or door. +An7teOpor6tiOco (?), n. An outer porch or vestibule. +An7teOpoOsi6tion (?), n. [Cf. LL. antepositio. See +Position.] (Gram.) The placing of a before another, which, +by ordinary rules, ought to follow it. +An7teOpran6diOal (?), a. Preceding dinner. +An7teOpreOdic6aOment (?), n. (Logic) A prerequisite to a +clear understanding of the predicaments and categories, such +as definitions of common terms. +Chambers. +AnOte6riOor (?), a. [L. anterior, comp. of ante before.] 1. +Before in time; antecedent. +Antigonus, who was anterior to Polybius. +Sir G. C. Lewis. +2. Before, or toward the front, in place; as, the anterior +part of the mouth; P opposed to posterior. +5 In comparative anatomy, anterior often signifies at or +toward the head, cephalic; and in human anatomy it is often +used for ventral. +Syn. - Antecedent; previous; precedent; preceding; former; +foregoing. +AnOte7riOor6iOty (?), n. [LL. anterioritas.] The state of +being anterior or preceding in time or in situation; +priority. +Pope. +AnOter6riOorOly (?), adv. In an anterior manner; before. +An6teOroom (?), n. A room before, or forming an entrance to, +another; a waiting room. +An6teOroP (?). A combining form meaning anterior, front; as, +anteroPposterior, front and back; anteroPlateral, front +side, anterior and at the side. +An6tes (?), n. pl. Ant. See Anta. +An7teOstat6ure (?), n. (Fort.) A small intrenchment or work +of palisades, or of sacks of earth. +An6teOstom7ach (?), n. A cavity which leads into the +stomach, as in birds. +Ray. +An6teOtem7ple (?), n. The portico, or narthex in an ancient +temple or church. +An7teOver6sion (?), n. [Pref. anteO + L. vertere, versum, to +turn.] (Med.) A displacement of an organ, esp. of the +uterus, in such manner that its whole axis is directed +further forward than usual. +An7teOvert6 (?), v. t. [L. antevertere; ante + vertere to +turn.] 1. To prevent. [Obs.] +Bp. Hall. +2. (Med.) To displace by anteversion. +AntOhel6ion (?; 277, 106), n.; pl. Anthelia (?). [Pref. anti ++ Gr. ? sun.] (Meteor.) A halo opposite the sun, consisting +of a colored ring or rings around the shadow of the +spectator's own head, as projected on a cloud or on an +opposite fog bank. + + <-- p. 63 --> + +Ant6heOlix (?), n. (Anat.) Same as Antihelix. +An6thelOmin6tic (?), a. [Pref. antiO + Gr. ?, ?, worm, esp. +a tapeworm, or mawworm..] (Med.) Good against intestinal +worms. P n. An anthelmintic remedy. [Written also +anthelmintic.] +An6them (?), n. [OE. antym, antefne, AS. antefen, fr. LL. +antiphona, fr. Gr. ?, neut. pl. of ? antiphon, or anthem, n. +neut., from ? sounding contrary, returning a sound; ? over +against + ? sound, voice: the anthem being sung by the +choristers alternately, one halfPchoir answering the other: +cf. OF. anthaine, anteine, antieune, F. antienne. See +Antiphon.] 1. Formerly, a hymn sung in alternate parts, in +present usage, a selection from the Psalms, or other parts +of the Scriptures or the liturgy, set to sacred music. +2. A song or hymn of praise. +Milton. +An6them, v. t. To celebrate with anthems. [Poet.] +Sweet birds antheming the morn. +Keats. +X AnOthe6miOon (?), [NL., fr. Gr. ? flower.] A floral +ornament. See Palmette. +X An6theOmis (?), n. [Gr. ?, equiv. to ? flower; an herb +like our chamomile.] (Bot.) Chamomile; a genus of composite, +herbaceous plants. +An6themOwise7 (?), adv. Alternately. [Obs.] +Bacon. +An6ther (?), n. [F. anth +re, L. anthera a medicine composed +of flowers, fr. Gr. ? flowery, fr. ? to bloom, ? flower.] +(Bot.) That part of the stamen containing the pollen, or +fertilizing dust, which, when mature, is emitted for the +impregnation of the ovary. P An6therOal (?), a. +X An7therOid6iOum (?), n.; pl. Antheridia (?). [Anther + ? +(a Gr. diminutive ending).] (Bot.) The male reproductive +apparatus in the lower, consisting of a cell or other cavity +in which spermatozoids are produced; P called also spermary. +P An7therOid6iOal (?), a. +An7therOif6erOous (?), a. [Anther + Oferous.] (Bot.) (a) +Producing anthers, as plants. (b) Supporting anthers, as a +part of a flower. +Gray. +AnOther6iOform (?), a. [Anther + Oform.] Shaped like an +anther; antherPshaped. +An7therOog6eOnous (?), a. [Anther + Ogenous.] (Bot.) +Transformed from anthers, as the petals of a double flower. +An6therOoid (?), a. [Anther + Ooid.] Resembling an anther. +An7therOoOzoid (?), An7therOoOzoo6id (?), } n. [Gr. ? +flowery + ? animal + Ooid. See Zooid.] (Bot.) One of the +mobile male reproductive bodies in the antheridia of +cryptograms. +X AnOthe6sis (?), n. [Gr. ? bloom, fr. ? to bloom, ? +flower.] (Bot.) The period or state of full expansion in a +flower. +Gray. +Ant6Phill (?), n. (Zol.) A mound thrown up by ants or by +termites in forming their nests. +AnOtho6biOan (?), n. [Gr. ? flower + ? life.] (Zol.) A +beetle which feeds on flowers. +X An7thoObran6chiOa (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? flower + ? +gills, n. pl.] (Zol.) A division of nudibranchiate +Mollusca, in which the gills form a wreath or cluster upon +the posterior part of the back. See Nudibranchiata, and +Doris. +An7thoOcar6pous (?), a. [Gr. ? flower + ? fruit.] (Bot.) +Having some portion of the floral envelopes attached to the +pericarp to form the fruit, as in the checkerberry, the +mulberry, and the pineapple. +An7thoOcy6aOnin (?), n. Same as Anthokyan. +X AnOtho6diOum (?), n. [NL., from Gr. ? like flowers, +flowery; ? flower + ? form.] (Bot.) The inflorescence of a +compound flower in which many florets are gathered into a +involucrate head. +AnOtho6raOphy (?), n. [Gr. ? flower + Ography.] A +description of flowers. +An6thoid (?), a. [Gr. ? flower + Ooid.] Resembling a flower; +flowerlike. +An7thoOky6an (?), n. [Gr. ? flower + ? blue.] (Chem.) The +blue coloring matter of certain flowers. Same as Cyanin. +An6thoOlite (?), n. [Gr. ? flower + Olite.] (Paleon.) A +fossil plant, like a petrified flower. +An7thoOlog6icOal (?), a. Pertaining to anthology; consisting +of beautiful extracts from different authors, especially the +poets. +He published a geographical and anthological description of +all empires and kingdoms... in this terrestrial globe. +Wood. +AnOthol6oOgist (?), n. One who compiles an anthology. +AnOthol6oOgy (?), n. [Gr. ?, fr. ? flower gathering; ? +flower + ? to gather.] 1. A discourses on flowers. [R.] +2. A collection of flowers; a garland. [R.] +3. A collection of flowers of literature, that is, beautiful +passages from authors; a collection of poems or epigrams; P +particularly applied to a collection of ancient Greek +epigrams. +4. (Gr. Ch.) A service book containing a selection of pieces +for the festival services. +An7thoOma6niOa (?), n. [Gr. ? flower ? madness.] A +extravagant fondness for flowers. [R.] +An6thoOny's Fire7 (?). See Saint Anthony's Fire, under +Saint. +AnOthoph6aOgous (?), a. [Gr. ? flower + ? to eat.] (Zol.) +Eating flowers; P said of certain insects. +An6thoOphore (?), n. [Gr. ? bearing flowers; ? flower + ? +bearing, ? to bear.] (Bot.) The stipe when developed into an +internode between calyx and corolla, as in the Pink family. +Gray. +AnOtoph6oOrous (?), a. Flower bearing; supporting the +flower. +AnOthoph6ylOlite (?), n. [NL. anthophyllum clove.] A mineral +of the hornblende group, of a yellowish gray or clove brown +color. P An7thoOphylOlit6ic (?), a. +An6thoOrism (?), n. [Gr. ?; ? + ? to bound, define.] (Rhet.) +A description or definition contrary to that which is given +by the adverse party. [R.] +An6thoOtax7y (?), n. [Gr. ? flower + ? order.] (Bot.) The +arrangement of flowers in a cluster; the science of the +relative position of flowers; inflorescence. +X An7thoOzo6a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? flower + ? +animal.] (Zol.) The class of the C?lenterata which includes +the corals and sea anemones. The three principal groups or +orders are Acyonaria, Actinaria, and Madreporaria. +An7thoOzo6an (?), a. (Zol.) Pertaining to the Anthozoa. P +n. One of the Anthozoa. +An6thoOzo6ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to the Anthozoa. +An6thraOcene (?), n. [Gr. ? coal.] (Chem.) A solid +hydrocarbon, C6H4.C2H2.C6H4, which accompanies naphthalene +in the last stages of the distillation of coal tar. Its +chief use is in the artificial production of alizarin. +[Written also anthracin.] +AnOthrac6ic (?), a. Of or relating to anthrax; as, anthracic +blood. +An7thraOcif6erOous (?), a. [Gr. ? coal + Oferous.] (Min.) +Yielding anthracite; as, anthraciferous strata. +An6thraOcite (?), n. [L. anthracites a kind of bloodstone; +fr. Gr. ? like coals, fr. ?, ?, coal or charcoal. Cf. +Anthrax.] A hard, compact variety of mineral coal, of high +luster, differing from bituminous coal in containing little +or no bitumen, in consequence of which it burns with a +nearly non luminous flame. The purer specimens consist +almost wholly of carbon. Also called glance coal and blind +coal. +An6thraOcit6ic (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or like, +anthracite; as, anthracitic formations. +An6thraOcoid (?), a. [Anthrax + Ooid.] (Biol.) Resembling +anthrax in action; of the nature of anthrax; as, an +anthracoid microbe. +An6thraOcoOman7cy (?), n. [Gr. ?, ?, coal + Omancy.] +Divination by inspecting a burning coal. +An7thraOcom6eOter (?), n. [Gr. ? coal, carbon + Ometer.] An +instrument for measuring the amount of carbonic acid in a +mixture. +An7thraOcoOmet6ric (?), a. Of or pertaining to an +anthracometer. +AnOthra6oOnite (?), n. [See Anthracite.] (Min.) A coalPblack +marble, usually emitting a fetid smell when rubbed; P called +also stinkstone and swinestone. +An7thraOqui6none (?), n. [Anthracene + quinone.] (Chem.) A +hydrocarbon, C6H4.C2O2.C6H4, subliming in shining yellow +needless. It is obtained by oxidation of anthracene. +An6thrax (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ? coal, carbuncle.] 1. (Med.) +(a) A carbuncle. (b) A malignant pustule. +2. (Biol.) A microscopic, bacterial organism (Bacillus +anthracis), resembling transparent rods. [See Illust. under +Bacillus.] +3. An infectious disease of cattle and sheep. It is ascribed +to the presence of a rodPshaped bacterium (Bacillus +anthracis), the spores of which constitute the contagious +matter. It may be transmitted to man by inoculation. The +spleen becomes greatly enlarged and filled with bacteria. +Called also splenic fever. +X AnOthre6nus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? a hornet.] (Zol.) A +genus of small beetles, several of which, in the larval +state, are very destructive to woolen goods, fur, etc. The +common =museum pest8 is A. varius; the carpet beetle is A. +scrophulari. The larv are commonly confounded with moths. +AnOthrop6ic (?), AnOthrop6icOal (?), } a. [Gr. ?, fr. ? +man.] (Zol.) Like or related to man; human. [R.] +Owen. +X AnOthrop6Od (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? man.] (Zol.) The +group that includes man only. +An7throOpoOcen6tric (?), a. [Gr. ? man + ? center.] Assuming +man as the center or ultimate end; P applied to theories of +the universe or of any part of it, as the solar system. +Draper. +An7throOpoOgen6ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to anthropogeny. +An7throOpog6eOny (?), n. [Gr. ? man + ? birth.] The science +or study of human generation, or the origin and development +of man. +AnOthrop6oOglot (?), n. [Gr. ?; ? man + ?, ?, tongue.] +(Zol.) An animal which has a tongue resembling that of man, +as the parrot. +An7throOpog6raOphy (?), n. [Gr. ? man + Ography.] That +branch of anthropology which treats of the actual +distribution of the human race in its different divisions, +as distinguished by physical character, language, +institutions, and customs, in contradistinction to +ethnography, which treats historically of the origin and +filiation of races and nations. +P. Cyc. +An6throOpoid (?), a. [Gr. ? man + Ooid.] Resembling man; P +applied especially to certain apes, as the ourang or +gorilla. P n. An ~ ape. +An7throOpoid6al (?), a. Anthropoid. +X An7throOpoid6eOa (?), n. pl. [NL. See Anthropoid.] (Zol.) +The suborder of primates which includes the monkeys, apes, +and man. +An7throOpol6aOtry (?), n. [Gr. ? man + ? worship.] Man +worship. +AnOthrop6oOlite (?), n. [Gr. ? man + Olite.] (Paleon.) A +petrifaction of the human body, or of any portion of it. +An7throOpoOlog6ic (?), An7throOpoOlog6icOal (?), } a. +Pertaining to anthropology; belonging to the nature of man. +=Anthropologic wisdom.8 Kingsley. P An7throOpoOlog6icOalOly, +adv. +An7throOpol6oOgist (?), n. One who is versed in +anthropology. +An7throOpol6oOgy (?), n. [Gr. ? man + Ology.] 1. The science +of the structure and functions of the human body. +2. The science of man; P sometimes used in a limited sense +to mean the study of man as an object of natural history, or +as an animal. +3. That manner of expression by which the inspired writers +attribute human parts and passions to God. +An6throOpoOman7cy (?), n. [Gr. ? man + Omancy.] Divination +by the entrails of human being. +An7throOpoOmet6ric (?), An7throOpoOmet6ricOal (?), } a. +Pertaining to anthropometry. +An7throOpom6eOtry (?), n. [Gr. ? man + Omercy.] Measurement +of the height and other dimensions of human beings, +especially at different ages, or in different races, +occupations, etc. +Dunglison. +X An7throOpoOmor6pha (?), n. pl. [NL. See Anthropomorphism.] +(Zol.) The manlike, or anthropoid, apes. +An7throOpoOmor6phic (?), a. Of or pertaining to +anthromorphism. Hadley. P An7throOpoOmor6phicOalOly (?), +adv. +An7throOpoOmor6phism (?), n. [Gr. ? of human form; ? man + ? +form.] 1. The representation of the Deity, or of a +polytheistic deity, under a human form, or with human +attributes and affections. +2. The ascription of human characteristics to things not +human. +An7throOpoOmor6phist (?), n. One who attributes the human +form or other human attributes to the Deity or to anything +not human. +An7throOpoOmor6phite (?), n. One who ascribes a human form +or human attributes to the Deity or to a polytheistic deity. +Taylor. Specifically, one of a sect of ancient heretics who +believed that God has a human form, etc. Tillotson. +An7throOpoOmorOphit6ic (?), a. (Biol.) to anthropomorphism. +Kitto. +An7throOpoOmor6phiOtism (?), n. Anthropomorphism. +Wordsworth. +An7throOpoOmor6phize (?), v. t. & i. To attribute a human +form or personality to. +You may see imaginative children every day +anthropomorphizing. +Lowell. +An7throOpoOmorOphol6oOgy (?), n. [Gr. ? + Ology. See +Anthropomorphism.] The application to God of terms +descriptive of human beings. +An7throOpoOmor6phoOsis (?), n. Transformation into the form +of a human being. +An7throOpoOmor6phous (?), a.Having the figure of, or +resemblance to, a man; as, an anthromorphous plant. +=Anthromorphous apes.8 +Darwin. +An7throOpoOpath6ic (?), An7throOpoOpath6icOal (?), } a. Of +or pertaining to anthropopathy. [R.] P +An7throOpoOpath6icOalOly, adv. +The daring anthropopathic imagery by which the prophets +often represent God as chiding, upbraiding, threatening. +H. Rogers. +An7throOpop6aOthism (?), An7throOpop6aOthy (?), } n. [Gr. ?; +? man + ? suffering, affection, passion, ?, ?, to suffer.] +The ascription of human feelings or passions to God, or to a +polytheistic deity. +In its recoil from the gross anthropopathy of the vulgar +notions, it falls into the vacuum of absolute apathy. +Hare. +X An7throOpoph6aOgi (?), n. pl. [L., fr. Gr. ? eating men; ? +man + + ? to eat.] Man eaters; cannibals. +Shak. +An7throOpoOphag6ic (?), An7throOpoOphag6icOal (?), } a. +Relating to cannibalism or anthropophagy. +An7throOpoph7aOgin6iOan (?), n. One who east human flesh. +[Ludicrous] +Shak. +An7throOpoph6aOgite (?), n. A cannibal. +W. Taylor. +An7throOpoph6aOgous (?), a. Feeding on human flesh; +cannibal. +An7throOpoph6aOgy (?)(?), n. [Gr. ?.] The eating of human +flesh; cannibalism. + + <-- p. 64 --> + +An6throOpoph6uOism (?), n. [Gr. ? of man's nature; ? a man + +? nature.] Human nature. [R.] +Gladstone. +An7throOpos6coOpy (?), n. [Gr. ? man + Oscopy.] The art of +discovering or judging of a man's character, passions. and +inclinations from a study of his visible features. [R.] +An7throOpos6oOphy (?), n. [Gr. ? man + ? wisdom, knowledge.] +Knowledge of the nature of man; hence, human wisdom. +An7throOpoOtom6icOal (?), a. Pertaining to anthropotomy, or +the dissection of human bodies. +An7throOpot6oOmist (?), n. One who is versed in +anthropotomy, or human anatomy. +An7throOpot6oOmy (?), n. [Gr. ? man + ? a cutting.] The +anatomy or dissection of the human body; androtomy. +Owen. +Ant7hypOnot6ic (?). See Antihypnotic. +Ant7hypOoOchon6driOac (?), a. & n. See Antihypochondriac. +Ant7hysOter6ic (?), a. & n. See Antihysteric. +An6ti (?). [Gr. ? against. See Ante.] A prefix meaning +against, opposite or opposed to, contrary, or in place of; P +used in composition in many English words. It is often +shortened to antO; as, antacid, antarctic. +X An6tiO (?), n. pl. [L., forelock.] (Zol.) The two +projecting feathered angles of the forehead of some birds; +the frontal points. +An7tiOalObu6mid (?), n. [Pref. antiO + Oalbumin.] (Physiol. +Chem.) A body formed from albumin by pancreatic and gastric +digestion. It is convertible into antipeptone. +An7tiOal6buOmose7 (?), n. (Physiol.) See Albumose. +An7tiPAOmer6iOcan (?), a. Opposed to the Americans, their +aims, or interests, or to the genius of American +institutions. +Marshall. +An7tiOaph7roOdis6iOac (?), a. & n. Same as Antaphrodisiac. +An7tiOap7oOplec6tic (?), a. & n. (Med.) Same as +Antapoplectic. +An6tiOar (?), n. [Jav. antjar.] A Virulent poison prepared +in Java from the gum resin of one species of the upas tree +(Antiaris toxicaria). +An7tiOaOrin (?), n. (Chem.) A poisonous principle obtained +from antiar. +Watts. +An7tiOasthOmat6ic (?), a. & n. Same as Antasthmatic. +An7tiOatOtri6tion (?), n. Anything to prevent the effects of +friction, esp. a compound lubricant for machinery, etc., +often consisting of plumbago, with some greasy material; +antifriction grease. +X An7tiObacOchi6us (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ? + ?. See +Bacchius.] (Pros.) A foot of three syllables, the first two +long, and the last short (?). +An7tiObil6lous (?), a. Counteractive of bilious complaints; +tending to relieve biliousness. +An7tiObranch6iOal (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the +antibrachium, or forearm. +X An7tiObrach6iOum (?), n. [NL.] (Anat.) That part of the +fore limb between the brachium and the carpus; the forearm. +An7tiObro6mic (?), n. [Pref. antiO + Gr. ? a stink.] An +agent that destroys offensive smells; a deodorizer. +An7tiOburgh6er (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) One who seceded from +the Burghers (1747), deeming it improper to take the Burgess +oath. +An6tic (?), a. [The same word as antique; cf. It. antico +ancient. See Antique.] 1. Old; antique. (Zol.) =Lords of +antic fame.8 +Phaer. +2. Odd; fantastic; fanciful; grotesque; ludicrous. +The antic postures of a merryPandrew. +Addison. +The Saxons... worshiped many idols, barbarous in name, some +monstrous, all antic for shape. +Fuller. +An6tic, n. 1. A buffoon or merryOandrew; one that practices +odd gesticulations; the Fool of the old play. +2. An odd imagery, device, or tracery; a fantastic figure. +Woven with antics and wild imagery. +Spenser. +3. A grotesque trick; a piece of buffoonery; a caper. +And fraught with antics as the Indian bird +That writhes and chatters in her wiry cage. +Wordsworth. +4. (Arch.) A grotesque representation. [Obs.] +5. An antimask. [Obs. or R.] +Performed by knights and ladies of his court +In nature of an antic. +Ford. +An6tic, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Anticked (?), Antickt.] To make +appear like a buffoon. [Obs.] +Shak. +An6tic, v. i. To perform antics. +An7tiOcaOtarrh7al (?), a. (Med.) Efficacious against +catarrh. P n. An anticatarrhal remedy. +An7tiOcath6ode (?), n. (Phys.) The part of a vacuum tube +opposite the cathode. Upon it the cathode rays impinge. +An7tiOcauOsod6ic (?), a. & n. (Med.) Same as Anticausotic. +An7tiOcauOsot6ic (?), a. [Pref. antiO + Gr. ? fever, ? to +burn.] (Med.) Good against an inflammatory fever. P n. A +remedy for such a fever. +An6tiOcham7ber, n. [Obs.] See Antechamber. +An6tiOchlor (?), n. [Pref. antiO + chlorine.] (Chem.) Any +substance (but especially sodium hyposulphite) used in +removing the excess of chlorine left in paper pulp or stuffs +after bleaching. +An6tiOchrist (?), n. [L. Antichristus, Gr. ?; ? against + +?.] A denier or opponent of Christ. Specif.: A great +antagonist, person or power, expected to precede Christ's +second coming. +An7tiOchris6tian (?; 106), a. Opposed to the Christian +religion. +An7tiOchris6tianOism (?), An7tiOchrisOtian6iOty (?), } n. +Opposition or contrariety to the Christian religion. +An7tiOchris6tianOly (?), adv. In an antichristian manner. +An7tiOchron6icOal (?), a. Deviating from the proper order of +time. P An7tiOchron6icOalOly, adv. +AnOtich6roOnism (?), n. [Gr. ?; ? against + ? time.] +Deviation from the true order of time; anachronism. [R.] +Selden. +X AnOtich6thon (?), n.; pl. Antichthones (?). [Gr. ?; ? +against + ? the earth.] 1. A hypothetical earth counter to +ours, or on the opposite side of the sun. +Grote. +2. pl. Inhabitants of opposite hemispheres. +Whewell. +AnOtic6iOpant (?), a. [L. anticipans, p. pr. of anticipare.] +Anticipating; expectant; P with of. +Wakening guilt, anticipant of hell. +Southey. +AnOtic6iOpate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Anticipated (?); p. +pr. & vb. n. Anticipating (?).] [L. anticipatus, p. p. of +anticipare to anticipate; ante + capere to make. See +Capable.] 1. To be before in doing; to do or take before +another; to preclude or prevent by prior action. +To anticipate and prevent the duke's purpose. +R. Hall. +He would probably have died by the hand of the executioner, +if indeed the executioner had not been anticipated by the +populace. +Macaulay. +2. To take up or introduce beforehand, or before the proper +or normal time; to cause to occur earlier or prematurely; +as, the advocate has anticipated a part of his argument. +3. To foresee (a wish, command, etc.) and do beforehand that +which will be desired. +4. To foretaste or foresee; to have a previous view or +impression of; as, to anticipate the pleasures of a visit; +to anticipate the evils of life. +Syn. - To prevent; obviate; preclude; forestall; expect. P +To Anticipate, Expect. These words, as here compared, agree +in regarding some future event as about to take place. +Expect is the stringer. It supposes some ground or reason in +the mind for considering the event as likely to happen. +Anticipate is, literally, to take beforehand, and here +denotes simply to take into the mind as conception of the +future. Hence, to say, =I did not anticipate a refusal,8 +expresses something less definite and strong than to say, = +did not expect it.8 Still, anticipate is a convenient word +to be interchanged with expect in cases where the thought +will allow. +Good with bad +Expect to hear; supernal grace contending +With sinfulness of men. +Milton. +I would not anticipate the relish of any happiness, nor feel +the weight of any misery, before it actually arrives. +Spectator. +Timid men were anticipating another civil war. +Macaulay. +AnOtic7iOpa6tion (?), n. [L. anticipatio: cf. F. +anticipation.] 1. The act of anticipating, taking up, +placing, or considering something beforehand, or before the +proper time in natural order. +So shall my anticipation prevent your discovery. +Shak. +2. Previous view or impression of what is to happen; +instinctive prevision; foretaste; antepast; as, the +anticipation of the joys of heaven. +The happy anticipation of renewed existence in company with +the spirits of the just. +Thodey. +3. Hasty notion; intuitive preconception. +Many men give themselves up to the first anticipations of +their minds. +Locke. +4. (Mus.) The commencing of one or more tones of a chord +with or during the chord preceding, forming a momentary +discord. +Syn. - Preoccupation; preclusion; foretaste; prelibation; +antepast; pregustation; preconception; expectation; +foresight; forethought. +AnOtic6iOpaOtive (?), a. Anticipating, or containing +anticipation. =Anticipative of the feast to come.8 Cary. P +AnOtic6iOpaOtiveOly, adv. +AnOtic6iOpa7tor (?), n. One who anticipates. +AnOtic6iOpaOtoOry (?), a. Forecasting; of the nature of +anticipation. +Owen. +Here is an anticipatory glance of what was to be. +J. C. Shairp. +An7tiOciv6ic (?), n. Opposed to citizenship. +An7tiOciv6ism (?), n. Opposition to the body politic of +citizens. [Obs.] +Carlyle. +An7tiOclas6tic (?), a. [Pref. antiO = Gr. ? to break.] +Having to opposite curvatures, that is, curved +longitudinally in one direction and transversely in the +opposite direction, as the surface of a saddle. +An7tiOcli6max (?), n. (Rhet.) A sentence in which the ideas +fall, or become less important and striking, at the close; P +the opposite of climax. It produces a ridiculous effect. +Example: +Next comes Dalhousie, the great god of war, +LieutenantOcolonel to the Earl ?? Mar. +An7tiOcli6nal (?), a. [Pref. antiO + Gr. ? to incline.] +Inclining or dipping in opposite directions. See Synclinal. +w line, w axis (Geol.), a line from which strata dip in +opposite directions, as from the ridge of a roof. P w +vertebra (Anat.), one of the dorsal vertebr, which in many +animals has an upright spine toward which the spines of the +neighboring vertebr are inclined. +An7tiOcli6nal, n. (Geol.) The crest or line in which strata +slope or dip in opposite directions. +X An7tiOcliOno6riOum (?), n.; pl. Anticlinoria (?). [NL., +fr. Gr. ? against + ? to incline + ? mountain.]] (Geol.) The +upward elevation of the crust of the earth, resulting from a +geanticlinal. +An6ticOly (?), adv. Oddly; grotesquely. +An6ticPmask7 (?), n. An antimask. +B. Jonson. +An6ticOness, n. The quality of being antic. +Ford. +An7tiOcon7stiOtu6tionOal (?), a. Opposed to the +constitution; unconstitutional. +An7tiOconOta6gious (?), a. (Med.) Opposing or destroying +contagion. +An7tiOconOvul6sive (?), a. (Med.) Good against convulsions. +J. Floyer. +An6tiOcor (?), n. [Pref. antiO + L. cor heart; cf. F. +antic?ur.] (Far.) A dangerous inflammatory swelling of a +horse's breast, just opposite the heart. +AnOti6cous (?), a. [L. anticus in front, foremost, fr. ante +before.] (Bot.) Facing toward the axis of the flower, as in +the introrse anthers of the water lily. +An6tiOcy7clone (?), n. (Meteorol.) A movement of the +atmosphere opposite in character, as regards direction of +the wind and distribution of barometric pressure, to that of +a cyclone. P An7tiOcyOclon6ic (?), a. P +An7tiOcyOclon6icOalOly (?), adv. +An6tiOdo7tal (?)(?) a. Having the quality an antidote; +fitted to counteract the effects of poison. Sir T. Browne. P +An6tiOdo7talOly, adv. +An6tiOdo7taOry (?), a. Antidotal. P n. Antidote; also, a +book of antidotes. +An6tiOdote (?), n. [L. antidotum, Gr. ? (sc. ?), fr. ? given +against; ? against + ? to give: cf. F. antidote. See Dose, +n.] 1. A remedy to counteract the effects of poison, or of +anything noxious taken into the stomach; P used with +against, for, or to; as, an antidote against, for, or to, +poison. +2. Whatever tends to prevent mischievous effects, or to +counteract evil which something else might produce. +An6tiOdote, v. t. 1. To counteract or prevent the effects +of, by giving or taking an antidote. +Nor could Alexander himself... antidote... the poisonous +draught, when it had once got into his veins. +South. +2. To fortify or preserve by an antidote. +An7tiOdot6icOal (?), a. Serving as an antidote. P +An7tiOdot6icOalOly, adv. +AnOtid6roOmous (?), a. [Pref. antiO + Gr. ? a running.] +(Bot.) Changing the direction in the spiral sequence of +leaves on a stem. +An7tiOdys7enOter6ic (?), a. (Med.) Good against dysentery. P +n. A medicine for dysentery. +An7tiOeOmet6ic (?), a. ? n. (Med.) Same as Antemetic. +An7tiOeph7iOal6tic (?), a. & n. (Med.) Same as Antephialtic. +An7tiOep7iOlep6tic (?), a. & n. (Med.) Same as Antepileptic. +An7tiOfe6brile (?), a. & n. (Med.) Febrifuge. +An7tiOfeb6rine (?), n. (Med.) Acetanilide. +An7tiPfed6erOalOist (?), n. One of party opposed to a +federative government; P applied particularly to the party +which opposed the adoption of the constitution of the United +States. +Pickering. +An7tiOfric6tion (?), n. Something to lesse? friction; +antiattrition. P a. Tending to lessen friction. +An7tiOgaOlas6tic (?), a. [Pref. antiO + Gr. ?, ?, milk.] +Causing a diminution or a suppression of the secretion of +milk. +An7tiOGal6liOcan (?), a. Opposed to what is Gallic or +French. +An6tiOgraph (?), n. [Gr. ? a transcribing: cf. F. +antigraphe.] A copy or transcript. +An7tiOgug6gler (?)(?) n. [Pref. antiO + guggle or gurgle.] A +crooked tube of metal, to be introduced into the neck of a +bottle for drawing out the liquid without disturbing the +sediment or causing a gurgling noise. +An7tiOhe6lix (?), n. (Anat.) The curved elevation of the +cartilage of the ear, within or in front o? the helix. See +Ear. +An7tiOhem7orOrhag6ic (?), a. (Med.) Tending to stop +hemorrhage. P n. A remedy hemorrhage. +An7tiOhy7droOphob6ic (?), a. (Med.) Counteracting or +preventing hydrophobia. P n. A remedy for hydrophobia. +An7tiOhyOdrop6ic (?), a. (Med.) Good against dropsy. P n. A +remedy for dropsy. +An7tiOhypOnot6ic (?), a. (Med.) Tending to prevent sleep. P +n. An antihypnotic agent. +An7tiOhyp7oOchon6driOac (?), a. (Med.) Counteractive of +hypochondria. P n. A remedy for hypochondria. +An7tiOhysOter6ic (?), a. (Med.) Counteracting hysteria. P n. +A remedy for hysteria. +An7tiOicOter6ic (?), a. (Med.) Good against jaundice. P n. A +remedy for jaundice. +X An7tiOleOgom6eOna (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? against + ? +to speak; part. pass. ?.] (Eccl.) Certain books of the New +Testament which were for a time not universally received, +but which are now considered canonical. These are the +Epistle to the Hebrews, the Epistles of James and Jude, the +second Epistle of Peter, the second and third Epistles of +John, and the Revelation. The undisputed books are called +the Homologoumena. +An7tiOliObra6tion (?), n. A balancing; equipoise. [R.] +De Quincey. + +An7tiOlith6ic (?), a. (Med.) Tending to prevent the +formation of urinary calculi, or to destroy them when +formed. P n. An antilithic medicine. +An7tiOlog6aOrithm (?), n. (Math.) The number corresponding +to a logarithm. The word has been sometimes, though rarely, +used to denote the complement of a given logarithm; also the +logarithmic cosine corresponding to a given logarithmic +sine. P An7tiOlog7aOrith6mic (?), a. +AnOtil6oOgous (?), a. Of the contrary name or character; P +opposed to analogous. +w pole (Eccl.), that pole of a crystal which becomes +negatively electrified when heated. +AnOtil6oOgy (?), n.; pl. Antilogies (?). [Gr. ?, fr. ? +contradictory; ? against + ? to speak.] A contradiction +between any words or passages in an author. +Sir W. Hamilton. + + <-- p. 65 --> + +An7tiOloi6mic (?), n. (Med.) A remedy against the plague. +Brande & C. +AnOtil6oOpine (?), a. Of or relating to the antelope. +AnOtil6oOquist (?), n. A contradicter. [Obs.] +AnOtil6oOquy (?), n. [Pref. antiO + L. loqui to speak.] +Contradiction. [Obs.] +An7tiOlys6sic (?), a. & n. [Pref. antiO + Gr. ? rage, +madness.] (Med.) Antihydrophobic. +An7tiOmaOcas6sar (?), n. A cover for the back or arms of a +chair or sofa, etc., to prevent them from being soiled by +macassar or other oil from the hair. +An7tiOmaOgis6tricOal (?), a. [Pref. antiO + magistrical for +magistratical.] Opposed to the office or authority of +magistrates. [Obs.] +South. +An7tiOmaOla6riOal (?), a. Good against malaria. +An6tiOmask7 (?), n. A secondary mask, or grotesque +interlude, between the parts of a serious mask. [Written +also antimasque.] +Bacon. +An7tiOma6son (?), n. One opposed to Freemasonry. P +An7tiOmaOson6ic (?), a. +An7tiOma6sonOry (?), n. Opposition to Freemasonry. +An7tiOmeOphit6ic (?), a. (Med.) Good against mephitic or +deleterious gases. P n. A remedy against mephitic gases. +Dunglison. +An6tiOmere (?), n. [Pref. antiO + Omere.] (Biol.) One of the +two halves of bilaterally symmetrical animals; one of any +opposite symmetrical or homotypic parts in animals and +plants. +X An7tiOmeOtab6oOle (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?.] (Rhet.) A +figure in which the same words or ideas are repeated in +transposed order. +X An7tiOmeOtath6eOsis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?.] (Rhet.) An +antithesis in which the members are repeated in inverse +order. +AnOtim6eOter (?), n. [Gr. ? like + ? measure.] A +modification of the quadrant, for measuring small angles. +[Obs.] +An7tiOmoOnar6chic (?), An7tiOmoOnar6chicOal (?), } Opposed +to monarchial government. +Bp. Benson. Addison. +An7tiOmon6archOist (?), n. An enemy to monarchial +government. +An7tiOmo6nate (?), n.(Chem.) A compound of antimonic acid +with a base or basic radical. [Written also antimoniate.] +An7tiOmo6niOal (?), a. Of or pertaining to antimony. P n. +(Med.) A preparation or medicine containing antimony. +w powder, a consisting of one part oxide of antimony and two +parts phosphate of calcium; P also called James's powder. +An7tiOmo6niOa7ted (?), a. Combined or prepared with +antimony; as, antimoniated tartar. +An7tiOmon6ic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, +antimony; P said of those compounds of antimony in which +this element has its highest equivalence; as, antimonic +acid. +An7tiOmo6niOous (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived +from, antimony; P said of those compounds of antimony in +which this element has an equivalence next lower than the +highest; as, antimonious acid. +An6tiOmoOnite7 (?), n. 1. (Chem.) A compound of antimonious +acid and a base or basic radical. +2. (Min.) Stibnite. +An7tiOmo6niOuOret7ed (?), a. (Chem.) Combined with or +containing antimony; as, antimoniureted hydrogen. [Written +also antimoniuretted.] +An6tiOmoOny (?; 112), n. [LL. antimonium, of unknown +origin.] (Chem.) An elementary substance, resembling a metal +in its appearance and physical properties, but in its +chemical relations belonging to the class of nonmetallic +substances. Atomic weight, 120. Symbol, Sb. + 5 It is of tinPwhite color, brittle, laminated or +crystalline, fusible, and vaporizable at a rather low +temperature. It is used in some metallic alloys, as type +metal and bell metal, and also for medical preparations, +which are in general emetics or cathartics. By ancient +writers, and some moderns, the term is applied to native +gray ore of antimony, or stibnite (the stibium of the +Romans, and the ? of the Greeks, a sulphide of ~, from +which most of the ~ of commerce is obtained. Cervantite, +senarmontite, and valentinite are native oxides of ~. +An7tiOna6tionOal (?), a. Antagonistic to one's country or +nation, or to a national government. +An7tiOneOphrit6ic (?), a. (Med.) Counteracting, or deemed of +use in, diseases of the kidneys. P n. An ~ remedy. +An7tiOno6miOan (?), a. [See Antimony.] Of or pertaining to +the Antinomians; opposed to the doctrine that the moral law +is obligatory. +An7tiOno6miOan, n. (Eccl. Hist.) One who maintains that, +under the gospel dispensation, the moral law is of no use or +obligation, but that faith alone is necessary to salvation. +The sect of Antinomians originated with John Agricola, in +Germany, about the year 1535. +Mosheim. +An7tiOno6miOanOism (?), n. The tenets or practice of +Antinomians. +South. +AnOtin6oOmist (?), n. An Antinomian. [R.] +Bp. Sanderson. +AnOtin6oOmy (?; 277), n.; pl. Antinomies (?). [L. antinomia, +Gr. ?; ? against + ? law.] 1. Opposition of one law or rule +to another law or rule. +Different commentators have deduced from it the very +opposite doctrines. In some instances this apparent antinomy +is doubtful. +De Quincey. +2. An opposing law or rule of any kind. +As it were by his own antinomy, or counterstatute. +Milton. +3. (Metaph.) A contradiction or incompatibility of thought +or language; P in the Kantian philosophy, such a +contradiction as arises from the attempt to apply to the +ideas of the reason, relations or attributes which are +appropriate only to the facts or the concepts of experience. +An7tiOo6chiOan (?), a. 1. Pertaining to Antiochus, a +contemporary with Cicero, and the founder of a sect of +philosophers. +2. Of or pertaining to the city of Antioch, in Syria. +w epoch (Chron.), a method of computing time, from the +proclamation of liberty granted to the city of Antioch, +about the time of the battle of Pharsalia, b. c. 48. +An7tiOo7donOtal6gic (?), a. (Med.) Efficacious in curing +toothache. P n. A remedy for toothache. +An7tiOorOgas6tic (?), a. [Pref. antiO + Gr. ? to swell, as +with lust.] (Med.) Tending to allay venereal excitement or +desire; sedative. +An7tiOpa6pal (?), a. Opposed to the pope or to popery. +Milton. +An7tiOpar6alOlel (?), a. Running in a contrary direction. +Hammond. +An7tiOpar6alOlels (?), n. pl. (Geom.) Straight lines or +planes which make angles in some respect opposite in +character to those made by parallel lines or planes. +An7tiOpar7aOlyt6ic (?), a. (Med.) Good against paralysis. P +n. A medicine for paralysis. +An7tiOpar7aOlyt6icOal (?), a. Antiparalytic. +An7tiOpaOthet6ic (?), An7tiOpaOthet6icOal (?), } a. Having a +natural contrariety, or constitutional aversion, to a thing; +characterized by antipathy; P often followed by to. +Fuller. +An7tiOpath6ic (?), a. [NL. antipathicus, Gr. ? of opposite +feelings.] (Med.) Belonging to antipathy; opposite; +contrary; allopathic. +AnOtip6aOthist (?), n. One who has an antipathy. [R.] +=Antipathist of light.8 +Coleridge. +AnOtip6aOthous (?), a. Having a natural contrariety; +adverse; antipathetic. [Obs.] +Beau. & Fl. +AnOtip6aOthize (?), v. i. To feel or show antipathy. [R.] +AnOtip6aOthy (?), n.; pl. Antipathies (?). [L. antipathia, +Gr. ?; ? against + ? to suffer. Cf. F. antipathie. See +Pathos.] 1. Contrariety or opposition in feeling; settled +aversion or dislike; repugnance; distaste. +Inveterate antipathies against particular nations, and +passionate attachments to others, are to be avoided. +Washington. +2. Natural contrariety; incompatibility; repugnancy of +qualities; as, oil and water have antipathy. +A habit is generated of thinking that a natural antipathy +exists between hope and reason. +I. Taylor. +5 Antipathy is opposed to sympathy. It is followed by to, +against, or between; also sometimes by for. +Syn. - Hatred; aversion; dislike; disgust; distaste; enmity; +ill will; repugnance; contrariety; opposition. See Dislike. +An7tiOpep6tone (?), n. (Physiol. Chem.) A product of gastric +and pancreatic digestion, differing from hemipeptone in not +being decomposed by the continued action of pancreatic +juice. +An7tiOpe7riOod6ic (?), n. (Med.) A remedy possessing the +property of preventing the return of periodic paroxysms, or +exacerbations, of disease, as in intermittent fevers. +An7tiOper7iOstal6tic (?), a. (Med.) Opposed to, or checking +motion; acting upward; P applied to an inverted action of +the intestinal tube. +X An7tiOpeOris6taOsis (?), n. [Gr. ?; ? against + ? a +standing around, fr. ? to stand around; ? around + ? to +stand.] Opposition by which the quality opposed asquires +strength; resistance or reaction roused by opposition or by +the action of an opposite principle or quality. +An7tiOper7iOstat6ic (?), a. Pertaining to antiperistasis. +An7tiOpet6alOous (?), a. [Pref. antiO + petal.] (Bot.) +Standing before a petal, as a stamen. +An7tiOphar6mic (?), a. [Pref. antiO + Gr. ? poison.] (Med.) +Antidotal; alexipharmic. +An7tiOphloOgis6tian (?), n. An opposer of the theory of +phlogiston. +An7tiOphloOgis6tic (?), a. 1. (Chem.) Opposed to the +doctrine of phlogiston. +2. (Med.) Counteracting inflammation. +An7tiOphloOgis6tic, n. (Med.) Any medicine or diet which +tends to check inflammation. +Coxe. +An6tiOphon (?), n. [LL. antiphona, fr. Gr. ?. See Anthem.] +1. A musical response; alternate singing or chanting. See +Antiphony, and Antiphone. +2. A verse said before and after the psalms. +Shipley. +AnOtiph6oOnal (?), a. Of or pertaining to antiphony, or +alternate singing; sung alternately by a divided choir or +opposite choirs. Wheatly. P AnOtiph6oOnalOly, adv. +AnOtiph6oOnal, n. A book of antiphons or anthems. +AnOtiph6oOnaOry (?), n. [LL. antiphonarium. See Antiphoner.] +A book containing a collection of antiphons; the book in +which the antiphons of the breviary, with their musical +notes, are contained. +An6tiOphone (?), n. (Mus.) The response which one side of +the choir makes to the other in a chant; alternate chanting +or signing. +AnOtiph6oOner (?), n. [F. antiphonaire. See Antiphon.] A +book of antiphons. +Chaucer. + +An7tiOphon6ic (?), a. Antiphonal. +AnOtiph6oOny (?), n.; pl. Antiphonies (?). [See Antiphon.] +1. A musical response; also, antiphonal chanting or signing. +2. An anthem or psalm sung alternately by a choir or +congregation divided into two parts. Also figuratively. +O! never more for me shall winds intone, +With all your tops, a vast antiphony. +R. Browning. +X AnOtiph6raOsis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? to express by +antithesis or negation.] (Rhet.) The use of words in a sense +opposite to their proper meaning; as when a court of justice +is called a court of vengeance. +An7tiOphras6tic (?), An7tiOphras6ticOal (?), } a. [Gr. ?.] +Pertaining to antiphrasis. P An7tiOphras6ticOalOly, adv. +An7tiOphthis6ic (?), a. (Med.) Relieving or curing phthisis, +or consumption. P n. A medicine for phthisis. +An7tiOphys6icOal (?), a. [Pref. antiO + physical.] Contrary +to nature; unnatural. +An7tiOphys6icOal, a. [Pref. antiO + Gr. ? to inflate.] +(Med.) Relieving flatulence; carminative. +An7tiOplas6tic (?), a. 1. Diminishing plasticity. +2. (Med.) Preventing or checking the process of healing, or +granulation. +An7tiOpoOdag6ric (?), a. (Med.) Good against gout. P n. A +medicine for gout. +AnOtip6oOdal (?), a. 1. Pertaining to the antipodes; +situated on the opposite side of the globe. +2. Diametrically opposite. His antipodal shadow.8 +Lowell. +An6tiOpode (?), n. One of the antipodes; anything exactly +opposite. +In tale or history your beggar is ever the just antipode to +your king. +Lamb. +5 The singular, antipode, is exceptional in formation, but +has been used by good writers. Its regular English plural +would be ?, the last syllable rhyming with abodes, and this +pronunciation is sometimes heard. The plural form +(originally a Latin word without a singular) is in common +use, and is pronounced, after the English method of Latin, +?. +An7tiOpo6deOan (?), a. Pertaining to the antipodes, or the +opposite side of the world; antipodal. +AnOtip6oOdes (?), n. [L. pl., fr. Gr. ? with the feet +opposite, pl. ? ?; ? against + ?, ?, foot.] 1. Those who +live on the side of the globe diametrically opposite. +2. The country of those who live on the opposite side of the +globe. +Latham. +3. Anything exactly opposite or contrary. +Can there be a greater contrariety unto Christ's judgment, a +more perfect antipodes to all that hath hitherto been +gospel? +Hammond. +An6tiOpole (?), n. The opposite pole; anything diametrically +opposed. +Geo. Eliot. +An6tiOpope (?), n. One who is elected, or claims to be, pope +in opposition to the pope canonically chosen; esp. applied +to those popes who resided at Avignon during the Great +Schism. +An7tipOsor6ic (?), a. (Med.) Of use in curing the itch. P n. +An antipsoric remedy. +X An7tipOto6sis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?; ? against + ? a +falling, a case, ? to fall.] (Gram.) The putting of one case +for another. +An7tiOpu7treOfac6tive (?), An7tiOpuOtres6cent (?), } a. +Counteracting, or preserving from, putrefaction; antiseptic. +An7tiOpy6ic (?), a. [Pref. antiO + Gr. ?, ?, pus.] (Med.) +Checking or preventing suppuration. P n. An antipyic +medicine. +X An7tiOpyOre6sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? against + ? to be +feverish, fr. ? fire.] (Med.) The condition or state of +being free from fever. +An7tiOpyOret6ic (?), a. (Med.) Efficacious in preventing or +allaying fever. P n. A febrifuge. +An7tiOpy6rine (?), n. (Med.) An artificial alkaloid, +believed to be efficient in abating fever. +An7tiOpyOrot6ic (?), a. (Med.) Good against burns or +pyrosis. P n. Anything of use in preventing or healing burns +or pyrosis. +An7tiOqua6riOan (?), a. [See Antiquary. Pertaining to +antiquaries, or to antiquity; as, antiqua rian literature. +An7tiOqua6riOan, n. 1. An antiquary. +2. A drawing paper of large size. See under Paper, n. +An7tiOqua6riOanOism (?), n. Character of an antiquary; study +or love of antiquities. +Warburton. +An7tiOqua6riOanOize (?), v. i. To act the part of an +antiquary. [Colloq.] +An6tiOquaOry (?), a. [L. antiquarius, fr. antiquus ancient. +See Antique.] Pertaining to antiquity. [R.] =Instructed by +the antiquary times.8 +Shak. +An6tiOquaOry, n.; pl. Antiquaries (?). One devoted to the +study of ancient times through their relics, as +inscriptions, monuments, remains of ancient habitations, +statues, coins, manuscripts, etc.; one who searches for and +studies the relics of antiquity. +An6tiOquate (?), v. t. [L. antiquatus, p. p. of antiquare, +fr. antiquus ancient.] To make old, or obsolete; to make +antique; to make old in such a degree as to put out of use; +hence, to make void, or abrogate. +Christianity might reasonably introduce new laws, and +antiquate or abrogate old one. +Sir M. Hale. +An6tiOqua7ted (?), a. Grown old. Hence: Bygone; obsolete; +out of use; oldPfashioned; as, an antiquated law. +=Antiquated words.8 +Dryden. +Old Janet, for so he understood his antiquated attendant was +denominated. +Sir W. Scott. +Syn. - Ancient; old; antique; obsolete. See Ancient. +An6tiOqua7tedOness, n. Quality of being antiquated. +An6tiOquateOness (?), n. Antiquatedness. [Obs.] +An7tiOqua6tion (?), n. [L. antiquatio, fr. antiquare.] The +act of making antiquated, or the state of being antiquated. +Beaumont. +AnOtique6 (?), a. [F., fr. L. antiquus old, ancient, equiv. +to anticus, from ante before. Cf. Antic.] +1. Old; ancient; of genuine antiquity; as, an antique +statue. In this sense it usually refers to the flourishing +ages of Greece and Rome. +For the antique world excess and pride did hate. +Spenser. + + <-- p. 66 --> + +2. Old, as respects the present age, or a modern period of +time; of old fashion; antiquated; as, an antique robe. +=Antique words.8 +Spenser. +3. Made in imitation of antiquity; as, the antique style of +Thomson's =Castle of Indolence.8 +4. Odd; fantastic. [In this sense, written antic.] +Syn. - Ancient; antiquated; obsolete; antic; oldPfashioned; +old. See Ancient. +AnOtique6 (?), n. [F. See Antique, a. ] In general, anything +very old; but in a more limited sense, a relic or object of +ancient art; collectively, the antique, the remains of +ancient art, as busts, statues, paintings, and vases. +Misshapen monuments and maimed antiques. +Byron. +AnOtique6ly, adv. In an antique manner. +AnOtique6ness, n. The quality of being antique; an +appearance of ancient origin and workmanship. +We may discover something venerable in the antiqueness of +the work. +Addison. +An6tiOquist (?), n. An antiquary; a collector of antiques. +[R.] +Pinkerton. +AnOtiq7uiOta6riOan (?), n. An admirer of antiquity. [Used by +Milton in a disparaging sense.] [Obs.] +AnOtiq6uiOty (?), n.; pl. Antiquities (?). [L. antiquitas, +fr. antiquus: cf. F. antiquit. See Antique.] 1. The quality +of being ancient; ancientness; great age; as, a statue of +remarkable antiquity; a family of great antiquity. +2. Old age. [Obs.] +It not your voice broken?... and every part about you +blasted with antiquity? +Shak. +3. Ancient times; former ages; times long since past; as, +Cicero was an eloquent orator of antiquity. +4. The ancients; the people of ancient times. +That such pillars were raised by Seth all antiquity has +?vowed. +Sir W. Raleigh. +5. An old gentleman. [Obs.] +You are a shrewd antiquity, neighbor Clench. +B. Jonson. +6. A relic or monument of ancient times; as, a coin, a +statue, etc.; an ancient institution. [In this sense, +usually in the plural.] =Heathen antiquities.8 +Bacon. +An7tiOraOchit6ic (?), a. (Med.) Good against the rickets. +An7tiOrent6er (?), n. One opposed to the payment of rent; +esp. one of those who in 1840P47 resisted the collection of +rents claimed by the patroons from the settlers on certain +manorial lands in the State of New York. P An7tiOrent6ism +(?), n. +An7tiOsab7baOta6riOan (?), n. (Eccl.) One of a sect which +opposes the observance of the Christian Sabbath. +An7tiOsac7erOdo6tal (?), a. Hostile to priests or the +priesthood. +Waterland. +AnOtis6cians (?), X AnOtis6ciOi (?), } n. pl. [L. antiscii, +Gr. ?, pl.; ? against + ? shadow.] The inhabitants of the +earth, living on different sides of the equator, whose +shadows at noon are cast in opposite directions. +The inhabitants of the north and south temperate zones are +always Antiscians. +Brande & C. +An7tiOscoOlet6ic (?), An7tiOscol6ic (?), } a. [Pref. antiO + +Gr. ? a worm.] (Med.) Anthelmintic. +An7tiOscorObu6tic (?), a. (Med.) Counteracting scurvy. P n. +A remedy for scurvy. +An7tiOscorObu6ticOal (?), a. (Med.) Antiscorbutic. +An7tiOscrip6turOal (?), a. Opposed to, or not in accordance +with, the Holy Scriptures. +An7tiOsep6alOous (?), a. [Pref. antiO + sepal.] (Bot.) +Standing before a sepal, or calyx leaf. +An7tiOsep6tic (?), An7tiOsep6ticOal (?), } a. Counteracting +or preventing putrefaction, or a putrescent tendency in the +system; antiputrefactive. +w surgery, that system of surgical practice which insists +upon a systematic use of antiseptics in the performance of +operations and the dressing of wounds. +An7tiOsep6tic, n. A substance which prevents or retards +putrefaction, or destroys, or protects from, putrefactive +organisms; as, salt, carbolic acid, alcohol, cinchona. +An7tiOsep6ticOalOly (?), adv. By means of antiseptics. +An7tiOslav6erOy (?), a. Opposed to slavery. P n. Opposition +to slavery. +An7tiOso6cial (?), a. Tending to interrupt or destroy social +intercourse; averse to society, or hostile to its existence; +as, antisocial principles. +An7tiOso6cialOist, n. One opposed to the doctrines and +practices of socialists or socialism. +An7tiOso6lar (?), a. Opposite to the sun; P said of the +point in the heavens 1800 distant from the sun. +An7tiOspasOmod6ic (?), a. (Med.) Good against spasms. P n. A +medicine which prevents or allays spasms or convulsions. +An6tiOspast (?), n. [L. antispastus, Gr. ?, fr. ? to draw +the contrary way; ? against + ? to draw.] (Pros.) A foot of +four syllables, the first and fourth short, and the second +and third long (?). +An7tiOspas6tic (?), a. [Gr. ?. See Antispast.] (Med.) (a) +Believed to cause a revulsion of fluids or of humors from +one part to another. [Obs.] (b) Counteracting spasms; +antispasmodic. P n. An antispastic agent. +An7tiOsplen6eOtic (?; see Splenetic, 277), a. Good as a +remedy against disease of the spleen. P n. An ~ medicine. +X AnOtis6troOphe (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? to turn to +the opposite side; ? against + ? to turn. See Strophe.] 1. +In Greek choruses and dances, the returning of the chorus, +exactly answering to a previous strophe or movement from +right to left. Hence: The lines of this part of the choral +song. +It was customary, on some occasions, to dance round the +altars whilst they sang the sacred hymns, which consisted of +three stanzas or parts; the first of which, called strophe, +was sung in turning from east to west; the other, named +antistrophe, in returning from west to east; then they stood +before the altar, and sang the epode, which was the last +part of the song. +Abp. Potter. +2. (Rhet.) (a) The repetition of words in an inverse order; +as, the master of the servant and the servant of the master. +(b) The retort or turning of an adversary's plea against +him. +An7tiOstroph6ic (?), a. [Gr. ?.] Of or pertaining to an +antistrophe. +X AnOtis6troOphon (?), n. [Gr. ? turned opposite ways.] +(Rhet.) An argument retorted on an opponent. +Milton. +An7tiOstru6mat6ic (?), a. (Med.) Antistrumous. P n. A +medicine for scrofula. +An7tiOstru6mous (?), a. (Med.) Good against scrofulous +disorders. +Johnson. Wiseman. +An7tiOsyph7iOlit6ic (?), a. (Med.) Efficacious against +syphilis. P n. A medicine for syphilis. +An7tiOthe6ism (?), n. The doctrine of antitheists. P +An7tiOtheOis6tic (?), a. +An7tiOthe6ist, n. A disbeliever in the existence of God. +AnOtith6eOsis (?), n.; pl. Antitheses (?). [L., fr. Gr. ?, +fr. ? to set against, to oppose; ? against + ? to set. See +Thesis.] 1. (Rhet.) An opposition or contrast of words or +sentiments occurring in the same sentence; as, =The prodigal +robs his heir; the miser robs himself.8 He had covertly shot +at Cromwell; he how openly aimed at the Queen.8 +2. The second of two clauses forming an ~. +3. Opposition; contrast. +An6tiOthet (?), n. [L. antitheton, fr. Gr. ?, ?, +antithetic.] An antithetic or contrasted statement. +Bacon. +An7tiOthet6ic (?), An7tiOthet6icOal (?), } a. [Gr. ?.] +Pertaining to antithesis, or opposition of words and +sentiments; containing, or of the nature of, antithesis; +contrasted. +An7tiOthet6icOalOly, adv. By way antithesis. +An7tiOtox6in , An7tiOtox6ine } (?), n. [Pref. antiO + +toxin.] A substance (sometimes the product of a specific +microPorganism and sometimes naturally present in the blood +or tissues of an animal), capable of producing immunity from +certain diseases, or of counteracting the poisonous effects +of pathogenic bacteria. +An6tiPtrade7 (?), n. A tropical wind blowing steadily in a +direction opposite to the trade wind. +X AnOtit6raOgus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?.] (Anat.) A +prominence on the lower posterior portion of the concha of +the external ear, opposite the tragus. See Ear. +X An7tiOtroOchan6ter (?), n. (Anat.) An articular surface on +the ilium of birds against which the great trochanter of the +femur plays. +AnOtit6roOpal (?), AnOtit6roOpous (?), } a. [Pref. antiO + +Gr. ? turn, ? to turn.] (Bot.) At the extremity most remote +from the hilum, as the embryo, or inverted with respect to +the seed, as the radicle. +Lindley. +An6tiOty7pal (?), a. Antitypical. [R.] +An6tiOtype (?), n. [Gr. ? of corresponding form; ? against + +? type, figure. See Type.] That of which the type pattern or +representation; that which is represented by the type or +symbol. +An7tiOtyp6icOal (?), a. Of or pertaining to an antitype; +explaining the type. P An7tiOtyp6icOalOly, adv. +AnOtit6yOpous (?), a. [Gr. ?.] Resisting blows; hard. [Obs.] +Cudworth. +AnOtit6yOpy (?), n. [Gr. ?.] Opposition or resistance of +matter to force. [R.] +Sir W. Hamilton. +An7tiOvac7ciOna6tion (?), n. Opposition to vaccination. +London Times. +An7tiOvac7ciOna6tionOist, n. An antivaccinist. +An7tiOvac6ciOnist, n. One opposed to vaccination. +An7tiOvaOri6oOlous (?), a. Preventing the contagion of +smallpox. +An7tiOveOne6reOal (?), a. Good against venereal poison; +antisyphilitic. +An7tiOviv7iOsec6tion (?), n. Opposition to vivisection. +An7tiOviv7iOsec6tionOist, n. One opposed to vivisection +An7tiOzym6ic (?), a. Preventing fermentation. +An7tiOzyOmot6ic (?), a. (Med.) Preventing fermentation or +decomposition. P n. An agent so used. +Ant6ler (?), n. [OE. auntelere, OF. antoillier, andoiller, +endouiller, fr. F. andouiller, fr. an assumed LL. +antocularis, fr. L. ante before + oculus eye. See Ocular.] +(Zol.) The entire horn, or any branch of the horn, of a +cervine animal, as of a stag. +Huge stags with sixteen antlers. +Macaulay. +5 The branch next to the head is called the brow antler, and +the branch next above, the bez antler, or bay antler. The +main stem is the beam, and the branches are often called +tynes. Antlers are deciduous bony (not horny) growths, and +are covered with a periosteum while growing. See Velvet. +w moth (Zol.), a destructive European moth (Cerapteryx +graminis), which devastates grass lands. +Ant6lered (?), a. Furnished with antlers. +The antlered stag. +Cowper. +X Ant6liOa (?), n.; pl. Antil (?). [L., a pump, Gr. ? hold +of a ship.] (Zol.) The spiral tubular proboscis of +lepidopterous insects. See Lepidoptera. +Ant6Pli7on (?), n. (Zol.) A neuropterous insect, the larva +of which makes in the sand a pitfall to capture ants, etc. +The common American species is Myrmeleon obsoletus, the +European is M. formicarius. +X AnOt?6ci (?), AnOt?6Ocians (?), n. pl. [NL. antoeci, fr. +Gr. pl. ?; ? opposite + ? to live.] Those who live under the +same meridian, but on opposite parallels of latitude, north +and south of the equator. +X An7toOnoOma6siOa (?; 277), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? to +name instead; ? + ? to name, ? name.] (Rhet.) The use of +some epithet or the name of some office, dignity, or the +like, instead of the proper name of the person; as when his +majesty is used for a king, or when, instead of Aristotle, +we say, the philosopher; or, conversely, the use of a proper +name instead of an appellative, as when a wise man is called +a Solomon, or an eminent orator a Cicero. +An7toOnoOmas6tic (?), a. Pertaining to, or characterized by, +antonomasia. P An7toOnoOmas6ticOalOly (?), adv. +AnOton6oOmaOsy (?), n. Antonomasia. +An6toOnym (?), n. [Gr. ? a word used in substitution for +another; ? + ?, ?, a word.] A word of opposite meaning; a +counterterm; P used as a correlative of synonym. [R.] +C. J. Smith. +AntOor6bitOal (?), a. [Pref. antiO + orbital.] (Anat.) +Pertaining to, or situated in, the region of the front of +the orbit. P n. The ~ bone. +Ant7orOgas6tic (?), a. See Antiorgastic. +AntOo6zone (?), n. [Pref. antiO + ozone.] (Chem.) A compound +formerly supposed to be modification of oxygen, but now +known to be hydrogen dioxide; P so called because apparently +antagonistic to ozone, converting it into ordinary oxygen. +An6tral (?), a. (Anat.) Relating to an antrum. +An6tre (?), n. [F. antre, L. antrum, fr. Gr. ?.] A cavern. +[Obs.] +Shak. +AnOtrorse6 (?), a. [From L. ante + versun turned; apparently +formed in imitation of re?rorse.] (Bot.) Forward or upward +in direction. + +Gray. +An7troOvert6 (?), v. t. To bend forward. [R.] +Owen. +X An6trum (?), n.; pl. Antra (?). [L., fr. Gr. ?.] A cavern +or cavity, esp. an anatomical cavity or sinus. + +Huxley. +X AnOtrus6tion (?), n. [F., fr. LL. antrustio.] A vassal or +voluntary follower of Frankish princes in their enterprises. +Ant6 thrush7 (?). (Zol.) (a) One of several species of +tropical birds, of the Old World, of the genus Pitta, +somewhat resembling the thrushes, and feeding chiefly on +ants. (b) See Ant bird, under Ant. +X AOnu6bis (?), n. [L.] (Myth.) An Egyptian deity, the +conductor of departed spirits, represented by a human figure +with the head of a dog or fox. +X AOnu6ra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? priv. + ? a tail.] +(Zol.) One of the orders of amphibians characterized by the +absence of a tail, as the frogs and toads. [Written also +anoura.] +AOnu6rous (?), a. (Zol.) Destitute of a tail, as the frogs +and toads, [Also written anourous.] +An6uOry (?), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? urine.] (Med.) Nonsecretion +or defective secretion of urine; ischury. +X A6nus (?), n. [L., prob. for asnus: cf. Gr. ? to sit, Skr. +>s.] (Anat.) The posterior opening of the alimentary canal, +through which the excrements are expelled. +An6vil (?), n. [OE. anvelt, anfelt, anefelt, AS. anfilt, +onfilt; of uncertain origin; cf. OHG. anafalz, D. aanbeld.] +1. An iron block, usually with a steel face, upon which +metals are hammered and shaped. +2. Anything resembling an anvil in shape or use. +Specifically (Anat.), the incus. See Incus. +To be on the ~, to be in a state of discussion, formation, +or preparation, as when a scheme or measure is forming, but +not matured. +Swift. +An6vil, v. t. To form or shape on an ~; to hammer out; as, +anviled armor. +Beau. & Fl. +AnxOi6eOtude (?), n. [L. anxietudo.] The state of being +anxious; anxiety. [R.] +AnxOi6eOty (?), n.; pl. Anxieties (?). [L. anxietas, fr. +anxius: cf. F. anxit. See Anxious.] + + <-- p. 67 --> + +1. Concern or solicitude respecting some thing o??vent, +future or uncertain, which disturbs the mind, and keeps it +in a state of painful uneasiness. +2. Eager desire. +J. D. Forbes +3. (Med.) A state of restlessness and agitation, often with +general indisposition and a distressing sense of oppression +at the epigastrium. +Dunglison. +Syn. - Care; solicitude; foreboding; uneasiness; perplexity; +disquietude; disquiet; trouble; apprehension; restlessness. +See Care. +Anx6ious (?), a. [L. anxius, fr. angere to cause pain, +choke; akin to Gr. ? to choke. See Anger.] 1. Full of +anxiety or disquietude; greatly concerned or solicitous, +esp. respecting future or unknown; being in painful +suspense; P applied to persons; as, anxious for the issue of +a battle. +2. Accompanied with, or causing, anxiety; worrying; P +applied to things; as, anxious labor. +The sweet of life, from which +God hath bid dwell far off all anxious cares. +Milton. +3. Earnestly desirous; as, anxious to please. +He sneers alike at those who are anxious to preserve and at +those who are eager for reform. +Macaulay. +Anxious is followed by for, about, concerning, etc., before +the object of solicitude. +Syn. - Solicitous; careful; uneasy; unquiet; restless; +concerned; disturbed; watchful. +Anx6iousOly, adv. In an anxious manner; with painful +uncertainty; solicitously. +Anx6iousOness, n. The quality of being anxious; great +solicitude; anxiety. +A6ny (?), a. & pron. [OE. ni?, ni, eni, ani, oni, AS. +?nig, fr. >n one. It is akin to OS. ?nig, OHG. einic, G. +einig, D. eenig. See One.] 1. One indifferently, out of an +indefinite number; one indefinitely, whosoever or whatsoever +it may be. +5 Any is often used in denying or asserting without +limitation; as, this thing ought not be done at any time; I +ask any one to answer my question. +No man knoweth the Son, but the Father; neither knoweth any +man the Father, save the Son. +Matt. xi. 27. +2. Some, of whatever kind, quantity, or number; as, are +there any witnesses present? are there any other houses like +it? =Who will show us any good?8 +Ps. iv. 6. +It is often used, either in the singular or the plural, as a +pronoun, the person or thing being understood; anybody; +anyone; (pl.) any persons. +If any of you lack wisdom, let him ask of God,... and it +shall be given him. +Jas. i. 5. +That if he found any of this way, whether they were men or +women, he might bring them bound unto Jerusalem. +Acts ix. 2. +At any rate, In any case, whatever may be the state of +affairs; anyhow. +A6ny, adv. To ~ extent; in ~ degree; at all. +You are not to go loose any longer. +Shak. +Before you go any farther. +Steele. +A6nyObodOy (?), n. 1. Any one out of an indefinite number of +persons; anyone; any person. +His Majesty could not keep any secret from anybody. +Macaulay. +2. A person of consideration or standing. [Colloq.] +All the men belonged exclusively to the mechanical and +shopkeeping classes, and there was not a single banker or +anybody in the list. +Lond. Sat. Rev. +A6nyOhow7 (?), adv. In any way or manner whatever; at any +rate; in any event. +Anyhow, it must be acknowledged to be not a simple +selforiginated error. +J. H. Newman. +Anyhow, the languages of the two nations were closely +allied. +E. A. Freeman. +A6nyOone (?), n. One taken at random rather than by +selection; anybody. [Commonly written as two words.] +A6nyOthing (?), n. 1. Any object, act, state, event, or fact +whatever; thing of any kind; something or other; aught; as, +I would not do it for anything. +Did you ever know of anything so unlucky? +A. Trollope. +They do not know that anything is amiss with them. +W. G. Sumner. +2. Expressing an indefinite comparison; P with as or like. +[Colloq. or Low] +I fear your girl will grow as proud as anything. +Richardson. +5 Any thing, written as two words, is now commonly used in +contradistinction to any person or anybody. Formerly it was +also separated when used in the wider sense. =Necessity +drove them to undertake any thing and venture any thing.8 +De Foe. +w but, not at all or in any respect. =The battle was a rare +one, and the victory anything but secure.8 Hawthorne. P w +like, in any respect; at all; as, I can not give anything +like a fair sketch of his trials. +A6nyOthing, adv. In any measure; anywise; at all. +Mine old good will and hearty affection towards you is +not... anything at all quailed. +Robynson (More's Utopia). +A7nyOthingOa6riOan (?), n. One who holds to no particular +creed or dogma. +A6nyOway (?), A6nyOways (?), } adv. Anywise; at all. +Tennyson. Southey. +A6nyOwhere (?), adv. In any place. +Udall. +A6nyOwhith7er (?), adv. To or towards any place. [Archaic] +De Foe. +A6nyOwise (?), adv. In any wise or way; at all. =Anywise +essential.8 +Burke. +AOo6niOan (?), a. [From Aonia, a part of ??otia, in Greece.] +Pertaining to Aonia, B?otia, or to the Muses, who were +supposed to dwell there. +w fount, the fountain of Aganippe, at the foot of Mount +Helicon, not far from Thebes, and sacred to the Muses. +A6oOrist (?), n. [Gr. ? indefinite; ? priv. + ? to define, ? +boundary, limit.] (Gram.) A tense in the Greek language, +which expresses an action as completed in past time, but +leaves it, in other respects, wholly indeterminate. +A7oOris6tic (?), a. [Gr. ?.] Indefinite; pertaining to the +aorist tense. +AOor6ta (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? to lift, heave.] +(Anat.) The great artery which carries the blood from the +heart to all parts of the body except the lungs; the main +trunk of the arterial system. +5 In fishes and the early stages of all higher vertebrates +the ~ divides near its origin into several branches (the +aortic arches) which pass in pairs round the ?sophagus and +unite to form the systemic ~. One or more pairs of these +arches persist in amphibia and reptiles, but only one arch +in birds and mammals, this being on the right side in the +former, and on the left in the latter. +AOor6tal (?), a. Aortic; resembling the aorta. [R.] +AOor6tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to the aorta. +X A7orOti6tis (?), n. [Aorta + Oitis.] (Med.) Inflammation +of the aorta. +X A6ouOdad (?), n. [The Moorish name.] (Zol.) An African +sheeplike quadruped (the Ammotragus tragelaphus) having a +long mane on the breast and fore legs. It is, perhaps, the +chamois of the Old Testament. +AOpace6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + pace. OE. a pas at a walk, in +which a is the article. See Pace.] With a quick pace; quick; +fast; speedily. +His dewy locks did drop with brine apace. +Spenser. +A visible triumph of the gospel draw? on apace. +I. Taylor. +AOpa6ches (?), n. pl.; sing. Apache (?). (Ethnol.) A group +of nomadic North American Indians including several tribes +native of Arizona, New Mexico, etc. +Ap7aOgo6ge (?), n. [Gr. ? a leading away, fr. ? to lead +away; ? from + ? to lead.] (Logic) An indirect argument +which proves a thing by showing the impossibility or +absurdity of the contrary. +Ap7aOgog6ic (?), Ap7aOgog6icOal (?), } a. Proving +indirectly, by showing the absurdity, or impossibility of +the contrary. +Bp. Berkeley. +AOpaid6 (?), a. Paid; pleased. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AOpair6 (?), v. t. & i. To impair or become impaired; to +injure. [Obs.] +Chaucer. + +Ap7aOla6chiOan , a. See Appalachian. +Ap6anOage , n. Same as Appanage. +AOpan6throOpy (?), n. [Gr. ?; ? from + ? man.] An aversion +to the company of men; a love of solitude. +X A6par (?), A6paOra (?), n. [Native name apara.] (Zol.) +See Mataco. +X A7paOre6jo (?), n. [Sp.] A kind of pack saddle used in the +American military service and among the Spanish Americans. +It is made of leather stuffed with hay, moss, or the like. +X Ap7aOrith6meOsis (?; 277), n. [Gr. ?, from ? to count off +or over.] (Rhet.) Enumeration of parts or particulars. +AOpart6 (?), adv. [F. part; (L. ad) + part part. See +Part.] 1. Separately, in regard to space or company; in a +state of separation as to place; aside. +Others apart sat on a hill retired. +Milton. +The Lord hath set apart him that is godly for himself. +Ps. iv. 3. +2. In a state of separation, of exclusion, or of +distinction, as to purpose, use, or character, or as a +matter of thought; separately; independently; as, consider +the two propositions apart. +3. Aside; away. =Wherefore lay apart all filthiness and +superfluity of naughtiness.8 +Jas. i. 21. +Let Pleasure go, put Care apart. +Keble. +4. In two or more parts; asunder; to piece; as, to take a +piece of machinery apart. +AOpart6ment (?), n. [F. appartement; cf. It. appartamento, +fr. appartare to separate, set apart; all fr. L. ad + pars, +partis, part. See Apart.] 1. A room in a building; a +division in a house, separated from others by partitions. +Fielding. +2. A set or suite of rooms. +De Quincey. +3. A compartment. [Obs.] +Pope. +AOpart6ness (?), n. The quality of standing apart. +X ApOas6tron (?), n. [Gr. ? from + ? star.] (Astron.) That +point in the orbit of a double star where the smaller star +is farthest from its primary. +Ap7aOthet6ic (?), Ap7aOthet6icOal (?) a. [See Apathy.] Void +of feeling; not susceptible of deep emotion; passionless; +indifferent. +Ap7aOthet6icOalOly, adv. In an apathetic manner. +Ap6aOthist (?), n. [Cf. F. apathiste.] One who is destitute +of feeling. +Ap7aOthis6ticOal (?), a. Apathetic; une motional. [R.] +Ap6aOthy (?), n.; pl. Apathies (?). [L. apathia, Gr. ?; ? +priv. + ?, fr. ?, ?, to suffer: cf. F. apathie. See Pathos.] +Want of feeling; privation of passion, emotion, or +excitement; dispassion; P applied either to the body or the +mind. As applied to the mind, it is a calmness, indolence, +or state of indifference, incapable of being ruffled or +roused to active interest or exertion by pleasure, pain, or +passion. =The apathy of despair.8 +Macaulay. +A certain apathy or sluggishness in his nature which led +him... to leave events to take their own course. +Prescott. +According to the Stoics, apathy meant the extinction of the +passions by the ascendency of reason. +Fleming. +5 In the first ages of the church, the Christians adopted +the term to express a contempt of earthly concerns. +Syn. - Insensibility; unfeelingness; indifference; +unconcern; stoicism; supineness; sluggishness. +Ap6aOtite (?), n. [Gr. ? deceit, fr. ? to deceive; it having +been often mistaken for other minerals.] (Min.) Native +phosphate of lime, occurring usually in sixPsided prisms, +color often pale green, transparent or translucent. +A7pau7m6 (?), n. See Appaum?. +Ape (?), n. [AS. apa; akin to D. aap, OHG. affo, G. affe, +Icel. api, Sw. apa, Dan. abe, W. epa.] 1. (Zol.) A +quadrumanous mammal, esp. of the family Simiad, having +teeth of the same number and form as in man, having teeth of +the same number and form as in man, and possessing neither a +tail nor cheek pouches. The name is applied esp. to species +of the genus Hylobates, and is sometimes used as a general +term for all Quadrumana. The higher forms, the gorilla, +chimpanzee, and ourang, are often called anthropoid apes or +man apes. +5 The ape of the Old Testament was prqobably the rhesus +monkey of India, and allied forms. +2. One who imitates servilely (in allusion to the manners of +the ape); a mimic. +Byron. +3. A dupe. [Obs.] +Chaucer. + +Ape, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aped ; p. pr. & vb. n. Aping.] To +mimic, as an ape imitates human actions; to imitate or +follow servilely or irrationally. =How he apes his sire.8 +Addison. +The people of England will not ape the fashions they have +never tried. +Burke. +AOpeak6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + peak. Cf. F. pic +vertically.] (Naut.) In a vertical line. The anchor in +apeak, when the cable has been sufficiently hove in to bring +the ship over it, and the ship is them said to be hove +apeak. [Spelt also a?eek.] +Ape6hood (?), n. The state of being an ape. +AOpel6lous (?), a. [Pref. aO not + L. pellis skin.] +Destitute of skin. +Brande & C. +Ap6enOnine (?), a. [L. Apenninus, fr. Celtic pen, or ben, +peak, mountain.] Of, pertaining to, or designating, the +Apennines, a chain of mountains extending through Italy. +AOpep6sy (?), n. [NL. apepsia, fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? uncooked, +undigested; ? priv. + ? cooked, ? to cook, digest.] (Med.) +Defective digestion, indigestion. +Coxe. +Ap6er (?), n. One who apes. +X AOpe6reOa (?), n. [Native name.] (Zol.) The wild Guinea +pig of Brazil (Cavia aperea). +AOpe6riOent (?), a. [L. aperiens, p. pr. of aperire to +uncover, open; ab + parire, parere, to bring forth, produce. +Cf. Cover, Overt.] (Med.) Gently opening the bowels; +laxative. P n. An aperient medicine or food. +Arbuthnot. +AOper6iOtive (?), a. [Cf. F. apritif, fr. L. aperire.] +Serving to open; aperient. +Harvey. +AOpert6 (?), a. [OF. apert, L. apertus, p. p. of aperire. +See Aperient, and cf. Pert, a.] Open; ev?dent; undisguised. +[Archaic] +Fotherby. +AOpert6, adv. Openly. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AOper6tion (?), n. [L. apertio.] The act of opening; an +opening; an aperture. [Archaic] +Wiseman. +AOpert6ly, adv. Openly; clearly. [Archaic] +AOpert6ness, n. Openness; frankness. [Archaic] +Ap6erOture (?; 135), n. [L. apertura, fr. aperire. See +Aperient.] 1. The act of opening. [Obs.] +2. An opening; an open space; a gap, cleft, or chasm; a +passage perforated; a hole; as, an aperture in a wall. +An aperture between the mountains. +Gilpin. +The back aperture of the nostrils. +Owen. +3. (Opt.) The diameter of the exposed part of the object +glass of a telescope or other optical instrument; as, a +telescope of fourPinch aperture. +5 The aperture of microscopes is often expressed in degrees, +called also the angular aperture, which signifies the +angular breadth of the pencil of light which the instrument +transmits from the object or point viewed; as, a microscope +of 1000 aperture. +Ap6erOy (?), n.; pl. Aperies . 1. A place where apes are +kept. [R.] +Kingsley. +2. The practice of aping; an apish action. +Coleridge. + + <-- p. 68 --> + +AOpet6alOous (?), a. [Pref. aO not + petal.] (Bot.) Having +no petals, or flower leaves. [See Illust. under Anther. +AOpet6alOousOness, n. The state of being apetalous. +A6pex (?), n.; pl. E. Apexes (?); L. Apices (?). [L.] 1. The +tip, top, point, or angular summit of anything; as, the apex +of a mountain, spire, or cone; the apex, or tip, of a leaf. +2. (Mining) The end or edge of a vein nearest the surface. +[U.S.] +w of the earth's motion (Astron.), that point of the heavens +toward which the earth is moving in its orbit. +X AOphr6eOsis (?; 277), n. [L.] Same as Apheresis. +X AOpha6kiOa (?), n. [NL.; Gr. ? priv. + ? seed of a +lentil.] (Med.) An anomalous state of refraction caused by +the absence of the crystalline lens, as after operations for +cataract. The remedy is the use of powerful convex lenses. +Dunglison. +AOpha6kiOal (?), a. (Med.) Pertaining to aphakia; as, +aphakial eyes. +X Aph7aOnip6teOra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? invisible (? +priv. + ? to appear) + ? a wing.] (Zol.) A group of +wingless insects, of which the flea in the type. See Flea. +Aph7aOnip6terOous (?), a. (Zol.) Of or pertaining to the +Aphaniptera. +Aph6aOnite (?), n. [Gr. ? invisible; ? priv. + ? to appear.] +(Min.) A very compact, darkPcolored ?ock, consisting of +hornblende, or pyroxene, and feldspar, but neither of them +in perceptible grains. +Aph7aOnit6ic (?), a. (Min.) Resembling aphanite; having a +very finePgrained structure. +X AOpha6siOa (?), Aph6aOsy (?), } n. [NL. aphasia, Gr. ?, +fr. ? not spoken; ? priv. + ? to speak: cf. F. aphasie.] +(Med.) Loss of the power of speech, or of the appropriate +use of words, the vocal organs remaining intact, and the +intelligence being preserved. It is dependent on injury or +disease of the brain. +AOpha6sic (?), a. Pertaining to, or affected by, aphasia; +speechless. +AOphel6ion (?; 277), n.; pl. Aphelia (?). [Gr. ? + ? sun.] +(Astron.) That point of a planet's or comet's orbit which is +most distant from the sun, the opposite point being the +perihelion. +AOphe7liOoOtrop6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? + ? sun + ? belonging to a +turning.] Turning away from the sun; P said of leaves, etc. +Darwin. +AOphe7liOot6roOpism (?), n. The habit of bending from the +sunlight; P said of certain plants. +X AOphe6miOa (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? priv. + ? voice.] +(Med.) Loss of the power of speaking, while retaining the +power of writing; P a disorder of cerebral origin. +AOpher6eOsis (?; 277), n. [L. aphaeresis, Gr. ?, fr. ? to +take away; ? + ? to take.] 1. (Gram.) The dropping of a +letter or syllable from the beginning of a word; e. g., cute +for acute. +2. (Surg.) An operation by which any part is separated from +the rest. [Obs.] +Dunglison. +X Aph6eOsis (?), n. [Gr. ? a letting go; ? + ? to let go.] +The loss of a short unaccented vowel at the beginning of a +word; P the result of a phonetic process; as, squire for +esquire. +New Eng. Dict. +AOphet6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? letting go, fr. ? to let go.] +Shortened by dropping a letter or a syllable from the +beginning of a word; as, an aphetic word or form. P +AOphet6icOalOly, adv. +New Eng. Dict. +Aph6eOtism (?), n. An aphetized form of a word. +New Eng. Dict. +Aph6eOtize (?), v. t. To shorten by aphesis. +These words... have been aphetized. +New Eng. Dict. +A6phid (?), n. (Zol.) One of the genus Aphis; an aphidian. +Aph6iOdes (?), n. pl. (Zol.) See Aphis. +AOphid6iOan (?), a. (Zol.) Of or pertaining to the family +Aphid. P n. One of the aphides; an aphid. +Aph7iOdiv6oOrous (?)(?). [Aphis + L. vorare to devour.] +(Zol.) Devouring aphides; aphidophagous. +Aph7iOdoph6aOgous (?), a. [Aphis + Gr. ? to eat.] (Zol.) +Feeding upon aphides, or plant lice, as do beetles of the +family Coccinellid. +Aph7iOlan6throOpy (?), n. [Gr. ? not loving man; ? priv. + ? +to love + ? man.] Want of love to mankind; P the opposite of +philanthropy. +Coxe. +X A6phis (?), n.; pl. Aphides (?). [NL.] (Zol.) A genus of +insects belonging to the order Hemiptera and family Aphid, +including numerous species known as plant lice and green +flies. +5 Besides the true males and females, there is a race of +wingless asexual individuals which have the power of +producing living young in rapid succession, and these in +turn may produce others of the same kind for several +generations, before sexual individuals appear. They suck the +sap of plants by means of a tubular proboscis, and owing to +the wonderful rapidity of their reproduction become very +destructive to vegetation. Many of the Aphid excrete +honeydew from two tubes near the end of the body. +A6phis li6on (?). (Zol.) The larva of the lacewinged flies +(Chrysopa), which feeds voraciously upon aphids. The name is +also applied to the larv of the ladybugs (Coccinella). +Aph7loOgis6Otic (?), a. [Gr. ? not inflammable; ? priv. + ? +set on fire. See Phlogiston.] Flameless; as, an aphlogistic +lamp, in which a coil of wire is kept in a state of +continued ignition by alcohol, without flame. +X AOpho6niOa (?), Aph6oOny (?), } n. [NL. aphonia, Gr. ?, +fr. ? voiceless; ? priv. + ? voice: cf. F. aphonie.] (Med.) +Loss of voice or vocal utterance. +AOphon6ic (?), Aph6oOnous (?), } a. Without voice; +voiceless; nonvocal. +Aph6oOrism (?), n. [F. aphorisme, fr. Gr. ? definition, a +short, pithy sentence, fr. ? to mark off by boundaries, to +define; ? from + ? to separate, part. See Horizon.] A +comprehensive maxim or principle expressed in a few words; a +sharply defined sentence relating to abstract truth rather +than to practical matters. +The first aphorism of Hippocrates is, =Life is short, and +the art is long.8 +Fleming. +Syn. - Axiom; maxim; adage; proverb; apothegm; saying; saw; +truism; dictum. See Axiom. +Aph7oOrisOmat6ic (?), Aph7oOris6mic (?), } a. Pertaining to +aphorisms, or having the form of an aphorism. +Aph7oOris6mer (?)(?) n. A dealer in aphorisms. [Used in +derogation or contempt.] +Milton. +Aph6oOrist, n. A writer or utterer of aphorisms. +Aph7oOris6tic (?)(?), Aph7oOris6ticOal (?), } a. [Gr. ?.] In +the form of, or of the nature of, an aphorism; in the form +of short, unconnected sentences; as, an aphoristic style. +The method of the book is aphoristic. +De Quincey. +Aph7oOris6ticOalOly, adv. In the form or manner of +aphorisms; pithily. +Aph6oOrize (?), v. i. To make aphorisms. +Aph6rite (?), n. (Min.) See under Calcite. +Aph7roOdis6iOac (?), Aph7roOdiOsi6aOcal (?), } a. [Gr. ? +pertaining to sensual love, fr. ?. See Aphrodite.] Exciting +venereal desire; provocative to venery. +Aph7roOdis6iOac, n. That which (as a drug, or some kinds of +food) excites to venery. +Aph7roOdis6iOan (?), a. [Gr. ?.] Pertaining to Aphrodite or +Venus. =Aphrodisian dames8 [that is, courtesans]. +C. Reade. +X Aph7roOdi6te (?), n. [Gr. ?.] 1. (Classic Myth.) The Greek +goddess of love, corresponding to the Venus of the Romans. +2. (Zol.) A large marine annelid, covered with long, +lustrous, golden, hairlike set; the sea mouse. +3. (Zol.) A beautiful butterfly (Argunnis Aphrodite) of the +United States. +Aph7roOdit6ic (?), a. Venereal. [R.] +Dunglison. +X Aph6tha (?), n. [Sing. of Aphth.] (Med.) (a) One of the +whitish specks called aphth. (b) The disease, also called +thrush. +X Aph6th (?), n. pl. [L., fr. Gr. ? (mostly in pl. ?, +Hipp.) an eruption, thrush, fr. ? to set on fire, inflame.] +(Med.) Roundish pearlPcolored specks or flakes in the mouth, +on the lips, etc., terminating in white sloughs. They are +commonly characteristic of thrush. +Aph6thoid , a. [Aphtha + Ooid.] Of the nature of aphth; +resembling thrush. +Aph6thong (?; 277), n. [Gr. ? silent; ? priv. + ? voice, +sound, fr. ? to sound.] A letter, or a combination of +letters, employed in spelling a word, but in the +pronunciation having no sound. P AphOthon6gal (?), a. +Aph6thous (?)(?) a. [Cf. F. aphtheux.] Pertaining to, or +caused by, aphth; characterized by apht; as, aphthous +ulcers; aphthous fever. +Aph6ylOlous (?), a. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? leaf.] (Bot.) +Destitute of leaves, as the broom rape, certain +euphorbiaceous plants, etc. +A7piOa6ceous (?), a. (Bot.) Umbelliferous. +A6piOan (?), a. Belonging to bees. +A7piOa6riOan (?), a. Of or relating to bees. +A6piOaOrist (?), n. One who keeps an apiary. +A6piOaOry (?), n. [L. apiarium, fr. apis bee.] A place where +bees are kept; a stand or shed for bees; a beehouse. +Ap6icOal (?), a. [L. apex, apicis, tip or summit.] At or +belonging to an apex, tip, or summit. +Gray. +X Ap6iOces (?), n. pl. See Apex. +AOpi6cian (?), a. [L. Apicianus.] Belonging to Apicius, a +notorious Roman epicure; hence applied to whatever is +peculiarly refined or dainty and expensive in cookery. +H. Rogers. +AOpic6uOlar , a. [NL. apiculus, dim. of L. apex, apicis.] +Situated at, or near, the apex; apical. + +AOpic6uOlate (?), AOpic6uOla7ted (?), } a. [See Apicular.] +(Bot.) Terminated abruptly by a small, distinct point, as a +leaf. +Ap6iOcul7ture (?; 135), n. [L. apis bee + E. culture.] +Rearing of bees for their honey and wax. +AOpiece6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + piece.] Each by itself; by +the single one; to each; as the share of each; as, these +melons cost a shilling apiece. =Fined... a thousand pounds +apiece.8 +Hume. +AOpie6ces (?), adv. In pieces or to pieces. [Obs.] =Being +torn apieces.8 +Shak. +AOpik6ed (?), a. Trimmed. [Obs.] +Full fresh and new here gear apiked was. +Chaucer. +A6piOol (?), n. [L. apium parsley + Ool.] (Med.) An oily +liquid derived from parsley. +A7piOol6oOgist (?), n. [L. apis bee + Ologist (see Ology).] +A student of bees. [R.] +Emerson. +X A6pis (?), n. [L., bee.] (Zol.) A genus of insects of the +order Hymenoptera, including the common honeybee (Apis +mellifica) and other related species. See Honeybee. +Ap6ish (?), a. Having the qualities of an ape; prone to +imitate in a servile manner. Hence: Apelike; fantastically +silly; foppish; affected; trifling. +The apish gallantry of a fantastic boy. +Sir W. Scott. +Ap6ishOly, adv. In an apish manner; with servile imitation; +foppishly. +Ap6ishOness, n. The quality of being apish; mimicry; +foppery. +AOpit6pat , adv. [Pref. aO + pitpat.] With quick beating or +palpitation; pitapat. +Congreve. +Ap7laOcen6tal , a. [Pref. aO + placental.] Belonging to the +Aplacentata; without placenta. +X Ap7laOcenOta6ta , n. pl. [Pref. aO not + placenta.] +(Zol.) Mammals which have no placenta. +X Ap7laOcoph6oOra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? priv. + ? a +flat cake + ? to bear.] (Zol.) A division of Amphineura in +which the body is naked or covered with slender spines or +set, but is without shelly plates. +Ap7laOnat6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? disposed to wander, +wandering, ? to wander.] (Opt.) Having two or more parts of +different curvatures, so combined as to remove spherical +aberration; P said of a lens. +w focus of a lens (Opt.), the point or focus from which rays +diverging pass the lens without spherical aberration. In +certain forms of lenses there are two such foci; and it is +by taking advantage of this fact that the best ~ object +glasses of microscopes are constructed. +AOplan6aOtism (?), n. Freedom from spherical aberration. +AOplas6tic (?), a. [Pref. aO not + plastic.] Not plastic or +easily molded. +X A7plomb6 (?), n. [F., lit. perpendicularity; ? to + plomb +lead. See Plumb.] Assurance of manner or of action; +selfPpossession. +AOplot6oOmy (?), n. [Gr. ? simple + ? a cutting.] (Surg.) +Simple incision. +Dunglison. +X AOplus6tre (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?.] (Rom. Antiq.) An +ornamental appendage of wood at the ship's stern, usually +spreading like a fan and curved like a bird's feather. +Audsley. +X AOplys6iOa (?), n. [Gr. ? a dirty sponge, fr. ? unwashed; +? priv. + ? to wash.] (Zol.) A genus of marine mollusks of +the order Tectibranchiata; the sea hare. Some of the species +when disturbed throw out a deep purple liquor, which colors +the water to some distance. See Illust. in Appendix. +X ApOneu6moOna (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? priv. + ?, ?, a +lung.] (Zol.) An order of holothurians in which the +internal respiratory organs are wanting; P called also Apoda +or Apodes. +X ApOn?6a (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? priv. + ?, ?, breath, ? to +breathe, blow.] (Med.) Partial privation or suspension of +breath; suffocation. +Ap6o (?). [Gr. ?. See AbO.] A prefix from a Greek +preposition. It usually signifies from, away from, off, or +asunder, separate; as, in apocope (a cutting off), apostate, +apostle (one sent away), apocarpous. +AOpoc6aOlypse (?), n. [L. apocalypsis, Gr. ?, fr. ? to +uncover, to disclose; ? from + ? to cover, conceal: cf. F. +apocalypse.] 1. The revelation delivered to St. John, in the +isle of Patmos, near the close of the first century, forming +the last book of the New Testament. +2. Anything viewed as a revelation; as disclosure. +The new apocalypse of Nature. +Carlyle. +AOpoc7aOlyp6tic (?), AOpoc7aOlyp6ticOal (?), } a. [Gr. ?.] +Of or pertaining to a revelation, or, specifically, to the +Revelation of St. John; containing, or of the nature of, a +prophetic revelation. +w number, the number 666, mentioned in Rev. xiii. 18. It has +been variously interpreted. + + <-- p. 69 --> + +AOpoc7aOlyp6tic (?), AOpoc7aOlyp6tist, n. The writer of the +Apocalypse. +AOpoc7aOlyp6ticOalOly (?), adv. By revelation; in an +apocalyptic manner. +Ap7oOcar6pous , a. [Pref. apoO + Gr. ? fruit.] (Bot.) Either +entirely of partially separate, as the carpels of a compound +pistil; P opposed to syncarpous. +Lindley. +AOpoc6oOpate (?), v. t. [LL. apocopatus, p. p. of apocopare +to cut off, fr. L. apocore. See Apocope.] (Gram.) To cut off +or drop; as, to apocopate a word, or the last letter, +syllable, or part of a word. +AOpoc6oOpate (?), AOpoc6oOpa7ted (?), } a. Shortened by +apocope; as, an apocopate form. +AOpoc7oOpa6tion (?), n. Shortening by apocope; the state of +being apocopated. +X AOpoc6oOpe, n. [L., fr. Gr. ? a cutting off, fr. ? to cut +off; ? from + ? to cut.] 1. The cutting off, or omission, of +the last letter, syllable, or part of a word. +2. (Med.) A cutting off; abscission. +Ap7oOcris6iOaOry (?), X Ap7oOcris7iOa6riOus (?), } n. [L. +apocrisiarius, apocrisarius, fr. Gr. ? answer, fr. ? to +answer; ? from + ? to separate.] (Eccl.) A delegate or +deputy; especially, the pope's nuncio or legate at +Constantinople. +Ap7oOcrus6tic (?), a. [Gr. ? able to drive off, fr. ? to +drive off.] (Med.) Astringent and repellent. P n. An +apocrustic medicine. +AOpoc6ryOpha (?), n. pl., but often used as sing. with pl. +Apocryphas (?). [L. apocryphus apocryphal, Gr. ? hidden, +spurious, fr. ? to hide; ? from + ? to hide.] 1. Something, +as a writing, that is of doubtful authorship or authority; P +formerly used also adjectively. [Obs.] +Locke. +2. Specif.: Certain writings which are received by some +Christians as an authentic part of the Holy Scriptures, but +are rejected by others. +5 Fourteen such writings, or books, formed part of the +Septuagint, but not of the Hebrew canon recognized by the +Jews of Palestine. The Council of Trent included all but +three of these in the canon of inspired books having equal +authority. The German and English Reformers grouped them in +their Bibles under the title Apocrypha, as not having +dogmatic authority, but being profitable for instruction. +The Apocrypha is now commonly ?mitted from the King James's +Bible. +AOpoc6ryOphal (?), a. 1. Pertaining to the Apocrypha. +2. Not canonical. Hence: Of doubtful authority; equivocal; +mythic; fictitious; spurious; false. +The passages... are, however, in part from apocryphal or +fictitious works. +Sir G. C. Lewis. +AOpoc6ryOphalOist, n. One who believes in, or defends, the +Apocrypha. [R.] +AOpoc6ryOphalOly, adv. In an apocryphal manner; mythically; +not indisputably. +AOpoc6ryOphalOness, n. The quality or state of being +apocryphal; doubtfulness of credit or genuineness. +AOpoc7yOna6ceous (?), Ap7oOcyn6eOous (?), a. [Gr. ? dogbane; +? from + ? dog.]] (Bot.) Belonging to, or resembling, a +family of plants, of which the dogbane (Apocynum) is the +type. +AOpoc6yOnin (?), n. [From Apocynum, the generic name of +dogbane.] (Chem.) A bitter principle obtained from the +dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum). +Ap6od (?), Ap6oOdal (?), } a. [See Apod, n.] 1. Without +feet; footless. +2. (Zol.) Destitute of the ventral fin, as the eels. +Ap6od (?), Ap6ode (?), } n.; pl. Apods (?) or Apodes (?). +[Gr. ?, ?, footless; ? priv. + ?, ?, foot.] (Zol.) One of +certain animals that have no feet or footlike organs; esp. +one of certain fabulous birds which were said to have no +feet. +5 The bird of paradise formerly had the name Paradisea +apoda, being supposed to have no feet, as these were wanting +in the specimens first obtained from the East Indies. +X Ap6oOda (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, ?. See Apod, n.] +(Zol.) (a) A group of cirripeds, destitute of footlike +organs. (b) An order of Amphibia without feet. See +Ophiomorpha. (c) A group of worms without appendages, as the +leech. +Ap6oOdan (?), a. (Zol.) Apodal. +Ap6oOdeic6tic (?), Ap7oOdic6tic (?), Ap7oOdeic6ticOal (?), +Ap7oOdic6ticOal (?), } a. [L. apodicticus, Gr. ?, fr. ? to +point out, to show by argument; ? from + ? to show.] +SelfPevident; intuitively true; evident beyond +contradiction. +Brougham. Sir Wm. Hamilton. +Ap7oOdeic6ticOalOly, Ap7oOdic6ticOalOly, adv. So as to be +evident beyond contradiction. +Ap6oOdeme (?), n. [Pref. apoO + Gr. ? body.] (Zol.) One of +the processes of the shell which project inwards and unite +with one another, in the thorax of many Crustacea. +X Ap6oOdes (?), n. pl. [NL., masc. pl. See Apoda.] (Zol.) +(a) An order of fishes without ventral fins, including the +eels. (b) A group of holothurians destitute of suckers. See +Apneumona. +Ap7oOdic6tic (?), a. Same as Apodeictic. +X Ap7oOdix6is (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, fr. ?.] Full +demonstration. +X AOpod6oOsis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? to give back; ? +from, back again + ? to give.] (Gram.) The consequent clause +or conclusion in a conditional sentence, expressing the +result, and thus distinguished from the protasis or clause +which expresses a condition. Thus, in the sentence, =Though +he slay me, yet will I trust in him,8 the former clause is +the protasis, and the latter the apodosis. +5 Some grammarians extend the terms protasis and apodosis to +the introductory clause and the concluding clause, even when +the sentence is not conditional. +Ap6oOdous (?)(?), a. (Zol.) Apodal; apod. +X AOpod7yOte6riOum (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? to strip +one's self.] (Anc. Arch.) The apartment at the entrance of +the baths, or in the palestra, where one stripped; a +dressing room. +Ap7oOga6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? far from the earth.] Apogean. +Ap7oOgam6ic (?), a. Relating to apogamy. +AOpog6aOmy (?), n. [Pref. apoO + Gr. ? marriage.] (Bot.) The +formation of a bud in place of a fertilized ovule or +ospore. +De Bary. +Ap7oOge6al (?), a. (Astron.) Apogean. +Ap7oOge6an (?), a. Connected with the apogee; as, apogean +(neap) tides, which occur when the moon has passed her +apogee. +Ap6oOgee (?), n. [Gr. ? from the earth; ? from + ?, ?, +earth: cf. F. apoge.] 1. (Astron.) That point in the orbit +of the moon which is at the greatest distance from the +earth. +5 Formerly, on the hypothesis that the earth is in the +center of the system, this name was given to that point in +the orbit of the sun, or of a planet, which was supposed to +be at the greatest distance from the earth. +2. Fig.: The farthest or highest point; culmination. +Ap7oOge7oOtrop6ic (?), a. [Pref. apoO + Gr. ? earth + ? +turning.] (Bot.) Bending away from the ground; P said of +leaves, etc. +Darwin. +Ap6oOgeOot6roOpism (?), n. The apogeotropic tendency of some +leaves, and other parts. +Ap6oOgraph (?), n. [Gr. ?; ? from + ? to write: cf. F. +apographe.] A copy or transcript. +Blount. +Ap7oOhy6al (?), a. [Pref. apoO + the Gr. letter Y.] (Anat.) +Of or pertaining to a portion of the horn of the hyoid bone. +AOpoise6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + poise.] Balanced. +AOpo6lar (?), a. [Pref. aO + polar.] (Biol.) Having no +radiating processes; P applied particularly to certain nerve +cells. +Ap7oOlaus6tic (?), a. [Gr. ?, fr. ? to enjoy.] Devoted to +enjoyment. +AOpol7liOna6riOan (?), a. [L. Apollinaris, fr. Apollo.] +(Rom. Antiq.) In honor of Apollo; as, the Apollinarian +games. +AOpol7liOna6riOan, n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of +Apollinaris, Bishop of Laodicea in the fourth century, who +denied the proper humanity of Christ. +AOpol7liOna6ris wa6ter (?). An effervescing alkaline mineral +water used as a table beverage. It is obtained from a spring +in Apollinarisburg, near Bonn. +AOpol6lo (?), n. [L. Apollo, Olinis, Gr. ?.] (Classic Myth.) +A deity among the Greeks and Romans. He was the god of light +and day (the =sun god8), of archery, prophecy, medicine, +poetry, and music, etc., and was represented as the model of +manly grace and beauty; P called also Ph?bus. +The w Belvedere, a celebrated statue of w in the Belvedere +gallery of the Vatican palace at Rome, esteemed of the +noblest representations of the human frame. +Ap7olOlo6niOan (?), Ap7olOlon6ic (?), a. Of, pertaining to, +or resembling, Apollo. +AOpol6lyOon (?), n. [Gr. ? destroying, fr. ?, ?, to destroy +utterly; ? from, entirely + ? to destroy.] The Destroyer; P +a name used (Rev. ix. 11) for the angel of the bottomless +pit, answering to the Hebrew Abaddon. +AOpol6oOger (?), n. A teller of apologues. [Obs.] +AOpol7oOget6ic (?), AOpol7oOget6icOal (?), } a. [Gr. ?, fr. +? to speak in defense of; ? from + ? speech, ? to say, to +speak. See Logic.] Defending by words or arguments; said or +written in defense, or by way of apology; regretfully +excusing; as, an apologetic essay. =To speak in a subdued +and apologetic tone.8 +Macaulay. +AOpol7oOget6icOalOly, adv. By way of apology. +AOpol7oOget6ics (?), n. That branch of theology which +defends the Holy Scriptures, and sets forth the evidence of +their divine authority. +AOpol6oOgist (?), n. [Cf. F. apologiste.] One who makes an +apology; one who speaks or writes in defense of a faith, a +cause, or an institution; especially, one who argues in +defense of Christianity. +AOpol6oOgize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Apologized (?); p. pr. +& vb. n. Apologizing.] [Cf. F. apologiser.] 1. To make an +apology or defense. +Dr. H. More. +2. To make an apology or excuse; to make acknowledgment of +some fault or offense, with expression of regret for it, by +way of amends; P with for; as, my correspondent apologized +for not answering my letter. +To apologize for his insolent language. +Froude. +AOpol6oOgize, v. t. To defend. [Obs.] +The Christians... were apologized by Plinie. +Dr. G. Benson. +AOpol6oOgi7zer (?), n. One who makes an apology; an +apologist. +Ap6oOlogue (?), n. [L. apologous, Gr. ?; ? from + ? speech, +? to speak: cf. F. apologue.] A story or relation of +fictitious events, intended to convey some moral truth; a +moral fable. +5 An apologue differs from a parable in this;: the parable +is drawn from events which take place among mankind, and +therefore requires probability in the narrative; the +apologue is founded on supposed actions of brutes or +inanimate things, and therefore is not limited by strict +rules of probability. sop's fables are good examples of +apologues. +AOpol6oOgy (?), n.; pl. Apologies . [L. apologia, Gr. ?; ? +from + ?: cf. F. apologie. See Apologetic.] 1. Something +said or written in defense or justification of what appears +to others wrong, or of what may be liable to disapprobation; +justification; as, Tertullian's Apology for Christianity. +It is not my intention to make an apology for my poem; some +will think it needs no excuse, and others will receive none. +Dryden. +2. An acknowledgment intended as an atonement for some +improper or injurious remark or act; an admission to another +of a wrong or discourtesy done him, accompanied by an +expression of regret. +3. Anything provided as a substitute; a makeshift. +He goes to work devising apologies for window curtains. +Dickens. +Syn. - Excuse. An apology, in the original sense of the +word, was a pleading off from some charge or imputation, by +explaining and defending one's principles or conduct. It +therefore amounted to a vindication. One who offers an +apology, admits himself to have been, at least apparently, +in the wrong, but brings forward some palliating +circumstance, or tenders a frank acknowledgment, by way of +reparation. We make an apology for some breach of propriety +or decorum (like rude expressions, unbecoming conduct, +etc.), or some deficiency in what might be reasonably +expected. We offer an excuse when we have been guilty of +some breach or neglect of duty; and we do it by way of +extenuating our fault, and with a view to be forgiven. When +an excuse has been accepted, an apology may still, in some +cases, be necessary or appropriate. =An excuse is not +grounded on the claim of innocence, but is rather an appeal +for favor resting on some collateral circumstance. An +apology mostly respects the conduct of individuals toward +each other as equals; it is a voluntary act produced by +feelings of decorum, or a desire for the good opinion of +others.8 +Crabb. +AOpol6oOgy (?), v. i. To offer an ~. [Obs.] +For which he can not well apology. +J. Webster. +Ap7oOmeOcom6eOter , n. An instrument for measuring the +height of objects. +Knight. +Ap7oOmeOcom6eOtry , n. [Pref. apoO + Gr. ? length + Ometry.] +The art of measuring the distance of objects afar off. [Obs. +or R.] +X Ap7oOmor6phiOa (?), Ap7oOmor6phine (?), } n. [Pref. apoO + +morphia, morphine.] (Chem.) A crystalline alkaloid obtained +from morphia. It is a powerful emetic. +X Ap7oOneuOro6sis (?), n.; pl. Aponeuroses (?). [Gr. ?, fr. +? to pass into a tendon; ? from + ? to strain the sinews, ? +sinew, tendon, nerve.] (Anat.) Any one of the thicker and +denser of the deep fasci which cover, invest, and the +terminations and attachments of, many muscles. They often +differ from tendons only in being flat and thin. See Fascia. +Ap7oOneuOrot6ic (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to an +aponeurosis. +Ap7oOneuOrot6oOmy (?), n. [Aponeurosis + Gr. ? a cutting.] +Dissection of aponeuroses. +Ap7oOpemp6tic (?), a. [Gr. ?, fr. ? to send off or away; ? +from + ? to send.] Sung or addressed to one departing; +valedictory; as, apoplectic songs or hymns. +X AOpoph6aOsis (?), n. [Gr. ? denial, fr. ? to speak out, to +deny.] (Rhet.) A figure by which a speaker formally declines +to take notice of a favorable point, but in such a manner as +to produce the effect desired. [For example, see Mark +Antony's oration. Shak., Julius Csar, iii. 2.] +Ap7oOphlegOmat6ic (?), a. [Gr. ?; ? from + ? full of phlegm. +See Phlegmatic.] (Med.) Designed to facilitate discharges of +phlegm or mucus from mouth or nostrils. P n. An ~ medicine. +Ap7oOphleg6maOtism , n. [Gr. ?, Galen.] 1. (Med.) The action +of apophlegmatics. +2. An apophlegmatic. [Obs.] +Bacon. +Ap7oOphlegOmat6iOzant (?), n. (Med.) An apophlegmatic. +[Obs.] +Ap7ophOthegm (?), n. See Apothegm. +Ap7ophOthegOmat6ic (?), Ap7ophOthegOmat6icOal (?), a. Same +as Apothegmatic. +X AOpoph6yOge (?), n. [Gr. ? escape, in arch. the curve with +which the shaft escapes into its base or capital, fr. ? to +??ee away; ? from + ? to flee: cf. F. apophyge.] (Arch.) The +small hollow curvature given to the top or bottom of the +shaft of a column where it expands to meet the edge of the +fillet; P called also the scape. +Parker. +AOpoph6ylOlite (?), n. [Pref. apoO + Gr. ? leaf; so called +from its foliated structure or easy cleavage.] (Min.) A +mineral relating to the zeolites, usually occurring in +square prisms or octahedrons with pearly luster on the +cleavage surface. It is a hydrous silicate of calcium and +potassium. +X AOpoph6yOsis (?), n.; pl. Oses. [NL., fr. Gr. ? offshoot, +process of a bone, fr. ? to grow from; ? from + ?, ?, to +grow.] 1. (Anat.) A marked prominence or process on any part +of a bone. +2. (bot.) An enlargement at the top of a pedicel or stem, as +seen in certain mosses. +Gray. +Ap7oOplec6tic (?)(?) Ap7oOplec6ticOal (?), } a. [L. +apoplecticus, Gr. ?, fr. ?: cf. F. apoplectique. See +Apoplexy.] Relating to apoplexy; affected with, inclined to, +or symptomatic of, apoplexy; as, an apoplectic person, +medicine, habit or temperament, symptom, fit, or stroke. +Ap7oOplec6tic, n. One liable to, or affected with, apoplexy. +Ap7oOplec6tiOform (?), Ap7oOplec6toid (?), a. [Apoplectic + +Oform, Ooid.] Resembling apoplexy. +Ap6oOplex (?), n. Apoplexy. [Obs.] +Dryden. +Ap7oOplexed , a. Affected with apoplexy. [Obs.] +Shak. + + <-- p. 70 --> + +Ap6oOplex7y (?), n. [OE. poplexye, LL. poplexia, apoplexia, +fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? to cripple by a stroke; ? from + ? to +strike: cf. F. apoplexie. See Plague.] (Med.) Sudden +diminution or loss of consciousness, sensation, and +voluntary motion, usually caused by pressure on the brain. +5 The term is now usually limited to cerebral apoplexy, or +loss of consciousness due to effusion of blood or other +lesion within the substance of the brain; but it is +sometimes extended to denote an effusion of blood into the +substance of any organ; as, apoplexy of the lung. +Ap7oOret6icOal (?), a. [Gr. ?. See Aporia.] Doubting; +skeptical. [Obs.] +Cudworth. +X AOpo6riOa (?), n.; pl. Aporias . [L., doubt, Gr. ?, fr. ? +without passage, at a loss; ? priv. + ? passage.] (Rhet.) A +figure in which the speaker professes to be at a loss what +course to pursue, where to begin to end, what to say, etc. +X Ap7oOro6sa (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ?. See Aporia.] +(Zol.) A group of corals in which the coral is not porous; +P opposed to Perforata. +Ap7oOrose6 (?), a. (Zol.) Without pores. +AOport6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + port.] (Naut.) On or towards +the port or left side; P said of the helm. +X Ap7oOsi7oOpe6sis (?; 277), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, from ? to be +quite silent.] (Rhet.) A figure of speech in which the +speaker breaks off suddenly, as if unwilling or unable to +state what was in his mind; as, =I declare to you that his +conduct P but I can not speak of that, here.8 +Ap7oOsit6ic , a. [Gr. ?; ? from + ? food.] (Med.) Destroying +the appetite, or suspending hunger. +AOpos6taOsy (?), n.; pl. Apostasies (?). [OE. apostasie, F. +apostasie, L. apostasia, fr. Gr. ? a standing off from, a +defection, fr. ? to stand off, revolt; ? from + ? to stand. +See Off and Stand.] An abandonment of what one has +voluntarily professed; a total desertion of departure from +one's faith, principles, or party; esp., the renunciation of +a religious faith; as, Julian's apostasy from Christianity. +AOpos6tate (?), n. [L. apostata, Gr. ?, fr. ?. See +Apostasy.] 1. One who has forsaken the faith, principles, or +party, to which he before adhered; esp., one who has +forsaken his religion for another; a pervert; a renegade. +2. (R. C. Ch.) One who, after having received sacred orders, +renounces his clerical profession. +AOpos6tate, a. Pertaining to, or characterized by, apostasy; +faithless to moral allegiance; renegade. +So spake the apostate angel. +Milton. +A wretched and apostate state. +Steele. +AOpos6tate, v. i. [L. apostatare.] To apostatize. [Obs.] +We are not of them which apostate from Christ. +Bp. Hall. +Ap7oOstat6ic (?), a. [L. apostaticus, Gr. ?.] Apostatical. +[R.] +Ap7oOstat6icOal (?), a. Apostate. +An heretical and apostatical church. +Bp. Hall. +AOpos6taOtize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Apostatized (?); p. +pr. & vb. n. Apostatizing.] [LL. apostatizare.] To renounce +totally a religious belief once professed; to forsake one's +church, the faith or principles once held, or the party to +which one has previously adhered. +He apostatized from his old faith in facts, took to +believing in ?emblances. +Carlyle. +AOpos6teOmate (?), v. i. [See Aposteme.] To form an abscess; +to swell and fill with pus. +Wiseman. +AOpos7teOma6tion (?), n. [LL. apostematio: cf. F. +apostmation.] (Med.) The formation of an aposteme; the +process of suppuration. [Written corruptly imposthumation.] +Wiseman. +Ap7osOtem6aOtous (?), a. Pertaining to, or partaking of the +nature of, an aposteme. +Ap6osOteme (?), n. [L. apostema, Gr. ? the separation of +corrupt matter into an ulcer, fr. ? to stand off: cf. F. +apost +me. See Apostasy.] (Med.) An abscess; a swelling +filled with purulent matter. [Written corruptly imposthume.] +X A7 posOte7riOo6ri (?). [L. a (ab) + posterior latter.] 1. +(Logic) Characterizing that kind of reasoning which derives +propositions from the observation of facts, or by +generalizations from facts arrives at principles and +definitions, or infers causes from effects. This is the +reverse of a priori reasoning. +2. (Philos.) Applied to knowledge which is based upon or +derived from facts through induction or experiment; +inductive or empirical. +AOpos6til (?), AOpos6tille (?), } n. [F. apostille. See +Postil.] A marginal note on a letter or other paper; an +annotation. +Motley. +AOpos6tle (?), n. [OE. apostle, apostel, postle, AS. +apostol, L. apostolus, fr. Gr. ? messenger, one sent forth +or away, fr. ? to send off or away; ? from + ? to send; akin +to G. stellen to set, E. stall: cf. F. aptre, Of. apostre, +apostle, apostele, apostole.] 1. Literally: One sent forth; +a messenger. Specifically: One of the twelve disciples of +Christ, specially chosen as his companions and witnesses, +and sent forth to preach the gospel. +He called unto him his disciples, and of them he chose +twelve, whom also he named apostles. +Luke vi. 13. +5 The title of apostle is also applied to others, who, +though not of the number of the Twelve, yet were equal with +them in office and dignity; as, =Paul, called to be an +apostle of Jesus Christ.8 1 Cor. i. 1. In Heb. iii. 1, the +name is given to Christ himself, as having been sent from +heaven to publish the gospel. In the primitive church, other +ministers were called apostles (Rom. xvi. 7). +2. The missionary who first plants the Christian faith in +any part of the world; also, one who initiates any great +moral reform, or first advocates any important belief; one +who has extraordinary success as a missionary or reformer; +as, Dionysius of Corinth is called the apostle of France, +John Eliot the apostle to the Indians, Theobald Mathew the +apostle of temperance. +3. (Civ. & Admiralty Law) A brief letter dimissory sent by a +court appealed from to the superior court, stating the case, +etc.; a paper sent up on appeals in the admiralty courts. +Wharton. Burrill. +Apostles' creed, a creed of unknown origin, which was +formerly ascribed to the apostles. It certainly dates back +to the beginning of the sixth century, and some assert that +it can be found in the writings of Ambrose in the fourth +century. P w spoon (Antiq.), a spoon of silver, with the +handle terminating in the figure of an ~. One or more were +offered by sponsors at baptism as a present to the godchild. +B. Jonson. +AOpos6tleOship (?), n. The office or dignity of an apostle. +AOpos6toOlate (?), n. [L. apostolatus, fr. apostolus. See +Apostle.] 1. The dignity, office, or mission, of an apostle; +apostleship. +Judas had miscarried and lost his apostolate. +Jer. Taylor. +2. The dignity or office of the pope, as the holder of the +apostolic see. +Ap7osOtol6ic (?), Ap7osOtol6icOal (?), } a. [L. apostolicus, +Gr. ?: cf. F. apostolique.] 1. Pertaining to an apostle, or +to the apostles, their times, or their peculiar spirit; as, +an apostolical mission; the apostolic age. +2. According to the doctrines of the apostles; delivered or +taught by the apostles; as, apostolic faith or practice. +3. Of or pertaining to the pope or the papacy; papal. +Apostolical brief. See under Brief. P Apostolic canons, a +collection of rules and precepts relating to the duty of +Christians, and particularly to the ceremonies and +discipline of the church in the second and third centuries. +P Apostolic church, the Christian church; P so called on +account of its apostolic foundation, doctrine, and order. +The churches of Rome, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem +were called apostolic churches. P Apostolic constitutions, +directions of a nature similar to the apostolic canons, and +perhaps compiled by the same authors or author. P Apostolic +fathers, early Christian writers, who were born in the first +century, and thus touched on the age of the apostles. They +were Polycarp, Clement, Ignatius, and Hermas; to these +Barnabas has sometimes been added. P Apostolic king (or +majesty), a title granted by the pope to the kings of +Hungary on account of the extensive propagation of +Christianity by St. Stephen, the founder of the royal line. +It is now a title of the emperor of Austria in right of the +throne of Hungary. P Apostolic see, a see founded and +governed by an apostle; specifically, the Church of Rome; P +so called because, in the Roman Catholic belief, the pope is +the successor of St. Peter, the prince of the apostles, and +the only apostle who has successors in the apostolic office. +P Apostolical succession, the regular and uninterrupted +transmission of ministerial authority by a succession of +bishops from the apostles to any subsequent period. +Hook. +Ap7osOtol6ic, n. [L. apostolicus.] (Eccl. Hist.) A member of +one of certain ascetic sects which at various times +professed to imitate the practice of the apostles. +Ap7osOtol6icOalOly, adv. In an apostolic manner. +Ap7osOtol6icOalOness, n. Apostolicity. +Dr. H. More. +Ap7osOtol6iOcism (?), AOpos7toOlic6iOty (?), } n. The state +or quality of being apostolical. +AOpos6troOphe (?), n. [(1) L., fr. Gr. ? a turning away, fr. +? to turn away; ? from + ? to turn. (2) F., fr. L. +apostrophus ~, the turning away or omitting of a letter, Gr. +?.] 1. (Rhet.) A figure of speech by which the orator or +writer suddenly breaks off from the previous method of his +discourse, and addresses, in the second person, some person +or thing, absent or present; as, Milton's apostrophe to +Light at the beginning of the third book of =Paradise Lost.8 +2. (Gram.) The contraction of a word by the omission of a +letter or letters, which omission is marked by the character +['] placed where the letter or letters would have been; as, +call'd for called. +3. The mark ['] used to denote that a word is contracted (as +in ne'er for never, can't for can not), and as sign of the +possessive, singular and plural; as, a boy's hat, boys' +hats. In the latter use it originally marked the omission of +the letter e. +The ~ is used to mark the plural of figures and letters; as, +two 10's and three a's. It is also employed to mark the +close of a quotation. +Ap7osOtroph6ic (?), a. Pertaining to an apostrophe, +grammatical or rhetorical. +AOpos6troOphize (?), v. t., [imp. & p. p. Apostrophized (?); +p. pr. & vb. n. Apostrophizing.] 1. To address by +apostrophe. +2. To contract by omitting a letter or letters; also, to +mark with an apostrophe (') or apostrophes. +AOpos6troOphize, v. i. To use the rhetorical figure called +apostrophe. +Ap6osOtume (?), n. See Aposteme. [Obs.] +Ap7oOtac6tite (?), n. [LL. pl. apotactitae, Gr. ?, fr. ? set +apart; ? from + ? to arrange, ordain.] (Eccl. Hist.) One of +a sect of ancient Christians, who, in supposed imitation of +the first believers, renounced all their possessions. +AOpot6eOlesm (?), n. [See Apotelesmatic.] 1. The result or +issue. [Obs.] +2. (Astrol.) The calculation and explanation of a nativity. +[Obs.] +Bailey. +Ap7oOtel7esOmat6ic (?), a. [Gr. ?, fr. ? effect of the stars +on human destiny, fr. ? to complete; ? from + ? to end, ? +end.] 1. Relating to the casting of horoscopes. [Archaic] +Whewell. +2. Relating to an issue of fulfillment. +In this way a passage in the Old Testament may have, or +rather comprise, an apotelesmatic sense, i. e, one of after +or final accomplishment. +M. Stuart. +AOpoth6eOcaOry (?), n.; pl. Apothecaries . [OE. apotecarie, +fr. LL. apothecarius, fr. L. apotheca storehouse, Gr. ?, fr. +? to pu? away; ? from + ? to put: cf. F. apothicaire, OF. +apotecaire. See Thesis.] One who prepares and sell? drugs or +compounds for medicinal purposes. +5 In England an ~ is one of a privileged class of +practitioners P a kind of subP physician. The surgeon ~ is +the ordinary family medical attendant. One who sells drugs +and makes up prescriptions is now commonly called in England +a druggist or a pharmaceutical chemist. +Apothecaries' weight, the system of weights by which medical +prescriptions were formerly compounded. The pound and ounce +are the same as in Troy weight; they differ only in the +manner of subdivision. The ounce is divided into 8 drams, 24 +scruples, 480 grains. See Troy weight. +X Apo7Othe6ciOum , n.; pl. Apothecia (?). [NL.] (Bot.) The +ascigerous fructification of lichens, forming masses of +various shapes. +Ap6oOthegm, Ap6ophOthegm } (?), n. [Gr. ? thing uttered, +apothegm, from ? to speak out; ? from + ? to speak.] A +short, pithy, and instructive saying; a terse remark, +conveying some important truth; a sententious precept or +maxim. [Apothegm is now the prevalent spelling in the United +States.] +Ap7oOthegOmat6ic (?), Ap7oOthegOmat6icOal (?), } a. Gr. ?.] +Pertaining to, or in the manner of, an apotghem; +sententious; pithy. +Ap7oOtheg6maOtist (?), n. A collector or maker of apothegms. +Pope. +Ap7oOtheg6maOtize (?), v. i. To utter apothegms, or short +and sententious sayings. +Ap6oOthem (?), n. [Gr. ? + ? that which is placed, ? to +place.] 1. (Math.) The perpendicular from the center to one +of the sides of a regular polygon. +2. A deposit formed in a liquid extract of a vegetable +substance by exposure to the air. +Ap7oOthe6oOsis (?; 277), n. pl. Apotheoses (?). [L., fr. Gr. +?, fr. ? to deify; ? from + ? to deify, ? a god.] 1. The act +of elevating a mortal to the rank of, and placing him among, +=the gods;8 deification. +2. Glorification; exaltation. =The apotheosis of chivalry.8 +Prescott. =The noisy apotheosis of liberty and machinery.8 +F. Harrison. +Ap7oOthe6oOsize (?), v. t. To exalt to the dignity of a +deity; to declare to be a god; to deify; to glorify. +X AOpoth6eOsis (?), n. [Gr. ? a putting back or away, fr. ?. +See Apothecary.] (Arch.) (a) A place on the south side of +the chancel in the primitive churches, furnished with +shelves, for books, vestments, etc. Weale. (b) A dressing +room connected with a public bath. +X AOpot6oOme (?), n. [Gr. ? a cutting off, fr. ? to cut off; +? from + ? to cut.] 1. (Math.) The difference between two +quantities commensurable only in power, as between ?2 and 1, +or between the diagonal and side of a square. +2. (Mus) The remaining part of a whole tone after a smaller +semitone has been deducted from it; a major semitone. [Obs.] +Ap6oOzem (?), n. [L. apozema, Gr. ?, fr. ? to extract by +boiling; ? from + ? boil.] (Med.) A decoction or infusion. +[Obs.] +Wiseman. +Ap7oOzem6icOal (?), a. Pertaining to, or resembling, a +decoction. [Obs.] +J. Whitaker. +ApOpair6 (?), v. t. & i. [OF. empeirier, F. empire. See +Impair.] To impair; to grow worse. [Obs.] +Ap7paOla6chiOan (?), a. Of or pertaining to a chain of +mountains in the United States, commonly called the +Allegheny mountains. +5 The name Appalachian was given to the mountains by the +Spaniards under De Soto, who derived it from the heighboring +Indians. +Am. Cyc. +ApOpall6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Appalled (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Appalling.] [OF. appalir to grow pale, make pale; a (L. +ad) + plir to grow pale, to make pale, ple pale. See Pale, +a., and cf. Pall.] 1. To make pale; to blanch. [Obs.] +The answer that ye made to me, my dear,... +Hath so appalled my countenance. +Wyatt. +2. To weaken; to enfeeble; to reduce; as, an old appalled +wight. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +Whine, of its own nature, will not congeal and freeze, only +it will lose the strength, and become appalled in extremity +of cold. +Holland. +3. To depress or discourage with fear; to impress with fear +in such a manner that the mind shrinks, or loses its +firmness; to overcome with sudden terror or horror; to +dismay; as, the sight appalled the stoutest heart. +The house of peers was somewhat appalled at this alarum. +Clarendon. + +Syn. - To dismay; terrify; daunt; frighten; affright; scare; +depress. See Dismay. +ApOpall6, v. i. 1. To grow faint; to become weak; to become +dismayed or discouraged. [Obs.] +Gower. +2. To lose flavor or become stale. [Obs.] +ApOpall6, n. Terror; dismay. [Poet.] +Cowper. +ApOpall6ing, a. Such as to appall; as, an appalling +accident. P ApOpall6ingOly, adv. +ApOpall6ment (?), n. Depression occasioned by terror; +dismay. [Obs.] +Bacon. +Ap6paOnage (?), n. [F. apanage, fr. OF. apaner to nourish, +support, fr. LL. apanare to furnish with bread, to +provision; L. ad + pains bread.] 1. The portion of land +assigned by a sovereign prince for the subsistence of his +younger sons. +2. A dependency; a dependent territory. + + <-- p. 71 --> + +3. That which belongs to one by custom or right; a natural +adjunct or accompaniment. =Wealth... the appanage of wit.8 +Swift. +ApOpan6aOgist (?), n. [F. apanagiste.] A prince to whom an +appanage has been granted. +ApOpal6ailOlyng (?), n. [See Apparel, n. & v.] Preparation. +[Obs.] +Chaucer. + +Ap6paOratus (?), n.; pl. Apparatus, also rarely Apparatuses +(?). [L., from apparare, apparatum, to prepare; ad + prepare +to make ready.] 1. Things provided as means to some end. +2. Hence: A full collection or set of implements, or +utensils, for a given duty, experimental or operative; any +complex instrument or appliance, mechanical or chemical, for +a specific action or operation; machinery; mechanism. +3. (Physiol.) A collection of organs all of which unite in a +common function; as, the respiratory apparatus. +ApOpar6el (?), n. [OE. apparel, apareil, OF. apareil, +appareil, preparation, provision, furniture, OF. apareiller +to match, prepare, F. appareiller; OF. a (L. ad) + pareil +like, similar, fr. LL. pariculus, dim. of L. par equal. See +Pair.] 1. External clothing; vesture; garments; dress; garb; +external habiliments or array. +Fresh in his new apparel, proud and young. +Denham. +At public devotion his resigned carriage made religion +appear in the natural apparel of simplicity. +Tatler. +2. A small ornamental piece of embroidery worn on ?lbs and +some other ecclesiastical vestments. +3. (Naut.) The furniture of a ship, as masts, sails, +rigging, anchors, guns, etc. +Syn. - Dress; clothing; vesture; garments; raiment; garb; +costume; attire; habiliments. +ApOpar6el, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Appareled, or Apparelled (?); +p. pr. & vb. n. Appareling, or Apparelling.] [OF. +apareiller.] 1. To make or get (something) ready; to +prepare. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +2. To furnish with apparatus; to equip; to fit out. +Ships... appareled to fight. +Hayward. +3. To dress or clothe; to attire. +They which are gorgeously appareled, and live delicately, +are in kings' courts. +Luke vii. 25. +4. To dress with external ornaments; to cover with something +ornamental; to deck; to embellish; as, trees appareled with +flowers, or a garden with verdure. +Appareled in celestial light. +Wordsworth. +ApOpar6ence (?), n. [OF. aparence.] Appearance. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +ApOpar6enOcy (?), n. 1. Appearance. [Obs.] +2. Apparentness; state of being apparent. +Coleridge. +3. The position of being heir apparent. +ApOpar6ent (?), a. [F. apparent, L. apparens, Oentis, p. pr. +of apparere. See Appear.] 1. Capable of being seen, or +easily seen; open to view; visible to the eye; within sight +or view. +The moon... apparent queen. +Milton. +2. Clear or manifest to the understanding; plain; evident; +obvious; known; palpable; indubitable. +It is apparent foul play. +Shak. +3. Appearing to the eye or mind (distinguished from, but not +necessarily opposed to, true or real); seeming; as the +apparent motion or diameter of the sun. +To live on terms of civility, and even of apparent +friendship. +Macaulay. +What Berkeley calls visible magnitude was by astronomers +called apparent magnitude. +Reid. +w horizon, the circle which in a level plain bounds our +view, and is formed by the ~ meeting of the earth and +heavens, as distinguished from the rational horizon. P w +time. See Time. P Heir ~ (Law), one whose to an estate is +indefeasible if he survives the ancestor; P in distinction +from presumptive heir. See Presumptive. +Syn. - Visible; distinct; plain; obvious; clear; certain; +evident; manifest; indubitable; notorious. +ApOpar6ent, n. An heir ~. [Obs.] +I'll draw it [the sword] as apparent to the crown. +Shak. +ApOpar6entOly, adv. 1. Visibly. [Obs.] +Hobbes. +2. Plainly; clearly; manifestly; evidently. +If he should scorn me so apparently. +Shak. +3. Seemingly; in appearance; as, a man may be apparently +friendly, yet malicious in heart. +ApOpar6entOness, n. Plainness to the eye or the mind; +visibleness; obviousness. [R.] +Sherwood. +Ap7paOri6tion (?), n. [F. apparition, L. apparitio, fr. +apparere. See Appear.] 1. The act of becoming visible; +appearance; visibility. +Milton. +The sudden apparition of the Spaniards. +Prescott. +The apparition of Lawyer Clippurse occasioned much +speculation in that portion of the world. +Sir W. Scott. +2. The thing appearing; a visible object; a form. +Which apparition, it seems, was you. +Tatler. +3. An unexpected, wonderful, or preternatural appearance; a +ghost; a specter; a phantom. =The heavenly bands... a +glorious apparition.8 +Milton. + +I think it is the weakness of mine eyes +That shapes this monstrous apparition. +Shak. +4. (Astron.) The first appearance of a star or other +luminary after having been invisible or obscured; P opposed +to occultation. +Circle of perpetual ~. See under Circle. +Ap7paOri6tionOal (?), a. Pertaining to an apparition or to +apparitions; spectral. =An apparitional soul.8 +Tylor. +ApOpar6iOtor (?), n. [L., fr. apparere. See Appear.] 1. +Formerly, an officer who attended magistrates and judges to +execute their orders. +Before any of his apparitors could execute the sentence, he +was himself summoned away by a sterner apparitor to the +other world. +De Quincey. +2. (Law) A messenger or officer who serves the process of an +ecclesiastical court. +Bouvier. +X Ap7pau7m6 (?), n. [F. appaum; ? (l. ad) + paume the +palm, fr. L. palma.] (Her.) A hand open and extended so as +to show the palm. +ApOpay6 (?), v. t. [OF. appayer, apaier, LL. appacare, +appagare, fr. L. ad + pacare to pacify, pax, pacis, peace. +See Pay, Appease.] To pay; to satisfy or appease. [Obs.] +Sir P. Sidney. +ApOpeach6 (?), v. t. [OE. apechen, for empechen, OF. +empeechier, F. empcher, to hinder. See Impeach.] To +impeach; to accuse; to asperse; to inform against; to +reproach. [Obs.] +And oft of error did himself appeach. +Spenser. +ApOpeach6er , n. An accuser. [Obs.] +Raleigh. +ApOpeach6ment (?), n. Accusation. [Obs.] +ApOpeal6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Appealed (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Appealing.] [OE. appelen, apelen, to ~, accuse, OF. +appeler, fr. L. appellare to approach, address, invoke, +summon, call, name; akin to appellere to drive to; ad + +pellere to drive. See Pulse, and cf. Peal.] 1. (Law) (a) To +make application for the removal of (a cause) from an +inferior to a superior judge or court for a rehearing or +review on account of alleged injustice or illegality in the +trial below. We say, the cause was appealed from an +inferior court. (b) To charge with a crime; to accuse; to +institute a private criminal prosecution against for some +heinous crime; as, to appeal a person of felony. +2. To summon; to challenge. [Archaic] +Man to man will I appeal the Norman to the lists. +Sir W. Scott. +3. To invoke. [Obs.] +Milton. +ApOpeal6, v. t. 1. (Law) To apply for the removal of a cause +from an inferior to a superior judge or court for the +purpose of re xamination of for decision. +Tomlins. +I appeal unto Csar. +Acts xxv. 11. +2. To call upon another to decide a question controverted, +to corroborate a statement, to vindicate one's rights, etc.; +as, I appeal to all mankind for the truth of what is +alleged. Hence: To call on one for aid; to make earnest +request. +I appeal to the Scriptures in the original. +Horsley. +They appealed to the sword. +Macaulay. +ApOpeal6, n. [OE. appel, apel, OF. apel, F. appel, fr. +appeler. See Appeal, v. t.] 1. (Law) (a) An application for +the removal of a cause or suit from an inferior to a +superior judge or court for re xamination or review. (b) The +mode of proceeding by which such removal is effected. (c) +The right of ~. (d) An accusation; a process which formerly +might be instituted by one private person against another +for some heinous crime demanding punishment for the +particular injury suffered, rather than for the offense +against the public. (e) An accusation of a felon at common +law by one of his accomplices, which accomplice was then +called an approver. See Approvement. +Tomlins. Bouvier. +2. A summons to answer to a charge. +Dryden. +3. A call upon a person or an authority for proof or +decision, in one's favor; reference to another as witness; a +call for help or a favor; entreaty. +A kind of appeal to the Deity, the author of wonders. +Bacon. +4. Resort to physical means; recourse. +Every milder method is to be tried, before a nation makes an +appeal to arms. +Kent. +ApOpeal6aOble (?), a. 1. Capable of being appealed against; +that may be removed to a higher tribunal for decision; as, +the cause is appealable. +2. That may be accused or called to answer by appeal; as, a +criminal is appealable for manslaughter. [Obs.] +ApOpeal6ant (?), n. An appellant. [Obs.] +Shak. +ApOpeal6er (?), n. One who makes an appeal. +ApOpeal6ing, a The appeals; imploring. P ApOpeal6OingOly, +adv. P ApOpeal6ingOness, n. +ApOpear6 (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Appeared (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Appearing.] [OE. apperen, aperen, OF. aparoir, F. +apparoir, fr. L. appar?re to appear + par?reto come forth, +to be visible; prob. from the same root as par?re to +produce. Cf. Apparent, Parent, Peer, v. i. 1. To come or be +in sight; to be in view; to become visible. +And God... said, Let... the dry land appear. +Gen. i. 9. +2. To come before the public; as, a great writer appeared at +that time. +3. To stand in presence of some authority, tribunal, or +superior person, to answer a charge, plead a cause, or the +like; to present one's self as a party or advocate before a +court, or as a person to be tried. +We must all appear before the judgment seat. +5 Cor. v. 10. +One ruffian escaped because no prosecutor dared to appear. +Macaulay. +4. To become visible to the apprehension of the mind; to be +known as a subject of observation or comprehension, or as a +thing proved; to be obvious or manifest. +It doth not yet appear what we shall be. +1 John iii. 2. +Of their vain contest appeared no end. +Milton. +5. To seem; to have a certain semblance; to look. +They disfigure their faces, that they may appear unto men to +fast. +Matt. vi. 16. +Syn. - To seem; look. See Seem. +ApOpear6, n. Appearance. [Obs.] +J. Fletcher. +ApOpear6ance (?), n. [F. apparence, L. apparentia, fr. +apparere. See Appear.] 1. The act of appearing or coming +into sight; the act of becoming visible to the eye; as, his +sudden appearance surprised me. +2. A thing seed; a phenomenon; a phase; an apparition; as, +an appearance in the sky. +3. Personal presence; exhibition of the person; look; +aspect; mien. +And now am come to see... +It thy appearance answer loud report. +Milton. +4. Semblance, or apparent likeness; external show. pl. +Outward sings, or circumstances, fitted to ?nake a +particular impression or to determine the judg? ?nt as to +the character of a person or a thing, an act o? a state; as, +appearances are against him. + There was upon the tab?nacle, as it were, the appearance of +fire. +Num. ix. 15. +For man looketh on the outward appearance. +1 Sam. xvi. 7. +Judge not according to the appearance. +Jo?n. vii. 24. +5. The act of appearing in a particular place, or in +society, a company, or any proceedings; a coming before the +public in a particular character; as, a person makes his +appearance as an historian, an artist, or an orator. +Will he now retire, +After appearance, and again prolong +Our expectation? +Milton. +6. Probability; likelihood. [Obs.] +There is that which hath no appearance. +Bacon. +7. (Law) The coming into court of either of the parties; the +being present in court; the coming into court of a party +summoned in an action, either by himself or by attorney, +expressed by a formal entry by the proper officer to that +effect; the act or proceeding by which a party proceeded +against places himself before the court, and submits to its +jurisdiction. +Burrill. Bouvier. Daniell. +To put in an ~, to be present; to appear in person. P To +save appearances, to preserve a fair outward show. +Syn. - Coming; arrival; presence; semblance;; pretense; air; +look; manner; mien; figure; aspect. +ApOpear6er (?), n. One who appears. +Sir T. Browne. +ApOpear6ingOly, adv. Apparently. [Obs.] +Bp. Hall. +ApOpeas6aOble (?), a. Capable of being appeased or pacified; +placable. P ApOpeas6aObleOness, n. +ApOpease6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Appealed (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Appeasing.] [OE. apesen, apaisen, OF. apaisier, +apaissier, F. apaiser, fr. a (L. ad) + OF. pais peace, F. +paix, fr. L. pax, pacis. See Peace.] To make quiet; to calm; +to reduce to a state of peace; to still; to pacify; to +dispel (anger or hatred); as, to appease the tumult of the +ocean, or of the passions; to appease hunger or thirst. +Syn. - To pacify; quiet; conciliate; propitiate; assuage; +compose; calm; allay; hush; soothe; tranquilize. +ApOpease6ment (?), n. The act of appeasing, or the state of +being appeased; pacification. +Hayward. +ApOpeas6er (?), n. One who appeases; a pacifier. +ApOpea6sive (?), a. Tending to appease. +ApOpel6laOble (?), a. Appealable. +ApOpel6lanOcy (?), n. Capability of appeal. +ApOpel6lant (?), a. [L. appellans, p. pr. of appellare; cf. +F. appelant. See Appeal.] Relating to an appeal; appellate. +=An appellant jurisdiction.8 +Hallam. +Party ~ (Law), the party who appeals; appellant; P opposed +to respondent, or appellee. +Tomlins. +ApOpel6lant, n. 1. (Law) (a) One who accuses another of +felony or treason. [Obs.] b) One who appeals, or asks for a +rehearing or review of a cause by a higher tribunal. +2. A challenger. [Obs.] +Milton. +3. (Eccl. Hist.) One who appealed to a general council +against the bull Unigenitus. +4. One who appeals or entreats. +ApOpel6late (?), a. [L. appelatus, p. p. of appellare.] +Pertaining to, or taking cognizance of, appeals. =Appellate +jurisdiction.8 Blackstone. =Appellate judges.8 +Burke. + +w court, a court having cognizance of appeals. +ApOpel6late, n. A person or prosecuted for a crime. [Obs.] +See Appellee. +Ap7pelOla6tion (?), n. [L. appellatio, fr. appellare: cf. F. +appellation. See Appeal.] 1. The act of appealing; appeal. +[Obs.] +Spenser. +2. The act of calling by a name. +3. The word by which a particular person or thing is called +and known; name; title; designation. +They must institute some persons under the appellation of +magistrates. +Hume. +Syn. - See Name. +ApOpel6laOtive (?), a. [L. appellativus, fr. appellare: cf. +F. appelatif. See Appeal.] 1. Pertaining to a common name; +serving as a distinctive denomination; denominative; naming. +Cudworth. +2. (gram.) Common, as opposed to proper; denominative of a +class ? +ApOpel6laOtive, n. [L. appelativum, sc. nomen.] 1. A common +name, distinction from a proper name. A common name, or +appellative, stands for a whole class, genus, or species of +beings, or for universal ideas. Thus, tree is the name of +all plants of a particular class; plant and vegetable are +names of things that grow out of the earth. A proper name, +on the other hand, stands for a single thing; as, Rome, +Washington, Lake Erie. +2. An appellation or title; a descriptive name. +God chosen it for one of his appellatives to be the Defender +of them. +Jer. Taylor. +ApOpel6laOtiveOly, adv. After the manner of nouns +appellative; in a manner to express whole classes or +species; as, Hercules is sometimes used appellatively, that +is, as a common name, to signify a strong man. +ApOpel6laOtiveOness, n. The quality of being appellative. +Fuller. +ApOpel6laOtory (?), a. [L. appellatorius, fr. appellare.] +Containing an appeal. +An appellatory libel ought to contain the name of the party +appellant. +Ayliffe. +Ap7pelOlee6 , n. [F. appel, p. p. of appeler, fr. L. +appellare.] (Law) (a) The defendant in a? appeal; P opposed +to appellant. (b) The person who i? appealed against, or +accused of crime; P opposed to appellor. +Blackstone. + + <-- p. 72 --> + +Ap7pelOlor (?), n. [OF. apeleur, fr. L. appellator, fr. +appellare.] (Law) (a) The person who institutes an appeal, +or prosecutes another for a crime. Blackstone. (b) One who +confesses a felony committed and accuses his accomplices. +Blount. Burrill. +5 This word is rarely or never used for the plaintiff in +appeal from a lower court, who is called the appellant. +Appellee is opposed both to appellant and appellor. +Ap6penOage , n. See Appanage. +ApOpend6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Appended; p. pr. & vb. n. +Appending.] [L. appendere or F. appendre: cf. OE. appenden, +apenden, to belong, OF. apendre, F. appendre, fr. L. +append?re, v. i., to hang to, append?re, v. t., to hang to; +ad + pend?re, v. i., to hang, pend?re, v. t., to hang. See +Pendant.] 1. To hang or attach to, as by a string, so that +the thing is suspended; as, a seal appended to a record; the +inscription was appended to the column. +2. To add, as an accessory to the principal thing; to annex; +as, notes appended to this chapter. +A further purpose appended to the primary one. +I. Taylor. +ApOpend6age , n. 1. Something appended to, or accompanying, +a principal or greater thing, though not necessary to it, as +a portico to a house. +Modesty is the appendage of sobriety. +Jer. Taylor. +2. (Biol.) A subordinate or subsidiary part or organ; an +external organ or limb, esp. of the articulates. +Antenn and other appendages used for feeling. +Carpenter. +Syn. - Addition; adjunct; concomitant. +ApOpend6aged , a. Furnished with, or supplemented by, an +appendage. +ApOpend6ance , n. [F.] Something appendant. +ApOpend6ant , a. [F. appendant, p. pr. of appendre. See +Append, v. t.] 1. Hanging; annexed; adjunct; concomitant; +as, a seal appendant to a paper. +As they have transmitted the benefit to us, it is but +reasonable we should suffer the appendant calamity. +Jer. Taylor. +2. (Law) Appended by prescription, that is, a personal usage +for a considerable time; P said of a thing of inheritance +belonging to another inheritance which is superior or more +worthy; as, an advowson, common, etc., which may be +appendant to a manor, common of fishing to a freehold, a +seat in church to a house. +Wharton. Coke. +ApOpend6ant, n. 1. Anything attached to another as +incidental or subordinate to it. +2. (Law) A inheritance annexed by prescription to a +superior inheritance. +ApOpend6ence (?), ApOpend6enOcy (?), } n. State of being +appendant; appendance. [Obs.] +ApOpend6iOcal (?), a. Of or like an appendix. +ApOpend6iOcate (?), v. t. To append. [Obs.] +ApOpend7iOca6tion (?), n. An appendage. [Obs.] +ApOpend7iOci6tis (?), n. (Med.) Inflammation of the +vermiform appendix. +ApOpend6iOcle (?), n. [L. appendicula, dim. of. appendix.] A +small appendage. +Ap7penOdic6uOlar (?), a. Relating to an appendicle; +appendiculate. [R.] +X Ap7penOdic7uOla6riOa (?), n. [NL.] (Zol.) A genus of +small freePswimming Tunicata, shaped somewhat like a +tadpole, and remarkable for resemblances to the larv of +other Tunicata. It is the type of the order Copelata or +Larvalia. See Illustration in Appendix. +X Ap7penOdic7uOla6ta (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zol.) An order of +annelids; the Polych?ta. +Ap7penOdic6uOlate (?), a. [See Appendicle.] Having small +appendages; forming an appendage. +Appendiculate leaf, a small appended leaf. +Withering. +ApOpen6dix (?), n.; pl. E. Appendixes (?), L. Appendices +(?). [L. appendix, Odicis, fr. appendere. See Append.] 1. +Something appended or added; an appendage, adjunct, or +concomitant. +Normandy became an appendix to England. +Sir M. Hale. +2. Any literary matter added to a book, but not necessarily +essential to its completeness, and thus distinguished from +supplement, which is intended to supply deficiencies and +correct inaccuracies. +Syn. - See Supplement. +ApOpen6sion (?), n. The act of appending. [Obs.] +Ap7perOceive6 (?), v. t. [F. apercevoir, fr. L. ad + +percipere, perceptum, to perceive. See Perceive.] To +perceive; to comprehend. +Chaucer. +Ap7perOcep6tion (?), n. [Pref. adO + perception: cf. F. +apperception.] (Metaph.) The mind's perception of itself as +the subject or actor in its own states; perception that +reflects upon itself; sometimes, intensified or energetic +perception. +Leibnitz. Reid. +This feeling has been called by philosophers the +apperception or consciousness of our own existence. +Sir W. Hamilton. +ApOper6il (?), n. Peril. [Obs.] +Shak. +Ap7perOtain6 (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Appertained (?); p. +pr. & vb. n. Appertaining.] [OE. apperteinen, apertenen, OF. +apartenir, F. appartenir, fr. L. appertinere; ad + pertinere +to reach to, belong. See Pertain.] To belong or pertain, +whether by right, nature, appointment, or custom; to relate. +Things appertaining to this life. +Hooker. +Give it unto him to whom it appertaineth. +Lev. vi. 5. +Ap7perOtain6ment , n. That which appertains to a person; an +appurtenance. [Obs. or R.] +Shak. +ApOper6tiOnance (?), ApOper6tiOnence (?), } n. See +Appurtenance. +ApOper6tiOnent (?), a. Belonging; appertaining. [Now usually +written appurtenant.] +Coleridge. +ApOper6tiOnent, n. That which belongs to something else; an +appurtenant. [Obs.] +Shak. +ApOpete6 (?), v. t. [L. appetere: cf. F. appter. See +Appetite.] To seek for; to desire. [Obs.] +Chaucer. + +Ap6peOtence (?), n. [Cf. F. apptence. See Appetency.] A +longing; a desire; especially an ardent desire; appetite; +appetency. +Ap6peOtenOcy (?), n.; pl. Appetencies (?). [L. appetentia, +fr. appetere to strive after, long for. See Appetite.] 1. +Fixed and strong desire; esp. natural desire; a craving; an +eager appetite. +They had a strong appetency for reading. +Merivale. +2. Specifically: An instinctive inclination or propensity in +animals to perform certain actions, as in the young to suck, +in aquatic fowls to enter into water and to swim; the +tendency of an organized body to seek what satisfies the +wants of its organism. +These lacteal? ?ave mouths, and by animal selection or +appetency the absorb such part of the fluid as is agreeable +to their palate. +E. Darwin. +3. Natural tendency; affinity; attraction; P used of +inanimate objects. +Ap6peOtent (?), a. [L. appetens, p. pr. of appetere.] +Desiring; eagerly desirous. [R.] +Appetent after glory and renown. +Sir G. Buck. +Ap7peOtiObil6iOty (?), n. [Cf. F. apptibilit.] The +quality of being desirable. +Bramhall. +Ap6peOtiOble (?), a. [L. appetibilis, fr. appetere: cf. F. +apptible.] Desirable; capable or worthy of being the object +of desire. +Bramhall. +Ap6peOtite (?), n. [OE. appetit, F. apptit, fr. L. +appetitus, fr. appetere to strive after, long for; ad + +petere to seek. See Petition, and cf. Appetence.] 1. The +desire for some personal gratification, either of the body +or of the mind. +The object of appetite it whatsoever sensible good may be +wished for; the object of will is that good which reason +does lead us to seek. +Hooker. +2. Desire for, or relish of, food or drink; hunger. +Men must have appetite before they will eat. +Buckle. +3. Any strong desire; an eagerness or longing. +It God had given to eagles an appetite to swim. +Jer. Taylor. +To gratify the vulgar appetite for the marvelous. +Macaulay. +4. Tendency; appetency. [Obs.] +In all bodies there as an appetite of union. +Bacon. +5. The thing desired. [Obs.] +Power being the natural appetite of princes. +Swift. +5 In old authors, appetite is followed by to or of, but +regularly it should be followed by for before the object; +as, an appetite for pleasure. +Syn. - Craving; longing; desire; appetency; passion. +Ap7peOti6tion (?), n. [L. appetitio: cf. F. apptition.] +Desire; a longing for, or seeking after, something. +Holland. +Ap6peOti6tive (?), a. [Cf. F. apptitif.] Having the quality +of desiring gratification; as, appetitive power or faculty. +Sir M. Hale. +Ap6peOtize (?), v. t. To make hungry; to whet the appetite +of. +Sir W. Scott. +Ap6peOti7zer (?), n. Something which creates or whets an +appetite. +Ap6peOti7zing (?), a. [Cf. F. apptissant.] Exciting +appetite; as, appetizing food. +The appearance of the wild ducks is very appetizing. +Sir W. Scott. +Ap6peOti7zing, adv. So as to excite appetite. +Ap6piOan (?), a. [L. Appius, Appianus.] Of or pertaining to +Appius. +w Way, the great paved highway from ancient Rome trough +Capua to Brundisium, now Brindisi, constructed partly by +Appius Claudius, about 312 b. c. +ApOplaud6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Applauded; p. pr. & vb. +n. Applauding.] [L. applaudere; ad + plaudere to clash, to +clap the hands: cf. F. applaudir. Cf. Explode.] 1. To show +approval of by clapping the hands, acclamation, or other +significant sign. +I would applaud thee to the very echo, +That should applaud again. +Shak. +2. To praise by words; to express approbation of; to +commend; to approve. +By the gods, I do applaud his courage. +Shak. +Syn. - To praise; extol; commend; cry up; magnify; approve. +See Praise. +ApOplaud6, v. i. To express approbation loudly or +significantly. +ApOplaud6er (?), n. One who applauds. +ApOplaus6aOble (?), a. Worthy pf applause; praiseworthy. +[Obs.] +ApOplause6 (?), n. [L. applaudere, app?ausum. See Applaud.] +The act of applauding; approbation and praise publicly +expressed by clapping the hands, stamping or tapping with +the feet, acclamation, huzzas, or other means; marked +commendation. +The brave man seeks not popular applause. +Dryden. +Syn. - Acclaim; acclamation; plaudit; commendation; +approval. +ApOplau6sive (?), a. [LL. applausivus.] Expressing applause; +approbative. P ApOplau6siveOly, adv. +Ap6ple (?), n. [OE. appel, eppel, AS. ppel, pl; akin to +Fries. & D. appel, OHG, aphul, aphol, G. apfel, Icel. epli, +Sw. ple, Dan. ble, Gael. ubhall, W. afal, Arm. aval, Lith. +ob?lys, Russ. iabloko; of unknown origin.] 1. The fleshy +pome or fruit of a rosaceous tree (Pyrus malus) cultivated +in numberless varieties in the temperate zones. +5 The European crab ~ is supposed to be the original kind, +from which all others have sprung. +2. (bot.) Any tree genus Pyrus which has the stalk sunken +into the base of the fruit; an ~ tree. +3. Any fruit or other vegetable production resembling, or +supposed to resemble, the ~; as, apple of love, or love +apple (a tomato), balsam apple, egg apple, oak apple. +4. Anything round like an apple; as, an apple of gold. +Apple is used either adjectively or in combination; as, +apple paper or applePpaper, applePshaped, apple blossom, +apple dumpling, apple pudding. +w blight, an aphid which injures ~ trees. See Blight, n. P w +borer (Zol.), a coleopterous insect (Saperda candida or +bivittata), the larva of which bores into the trunk of the ~ +tree and pear tree. P w brandy, brandy made from apples. P w +butter, a sauce made of apples stewed down in cider. +Bartlett. P w corer, an instrument for removing the cores +from apples. P w fly (Zol.), any dipterous insect, the +larva of which burrows in apples. w flies belong to the +genera Drosophila and Trypeta. P w midge (Zol.), a small +dipterous insect (Sciara mali), the larva of which bores in +apples. P w of the eye, the pupil. P w of discord, a subject +of contention and envy, so called from the mythological +golden ~, inscribed =For the fairest,8 which was thrown into +an assembly of the gods by Eris, the goddess of discord. It +was contended for by Juno, Minerva, and Venus, and was +adjudged to the latter. P w of love, or Love ~, the tomato +(Lycopersicum esculentum). P w of Peru, a large coarse herb +(Nicandra physaloides) bearing pale blue flowers, and a +bladderlike fruit inclosing a dry berry. P Apples of Sodom, +a fruit described by ancient writers as externally of air +appearance but dissolving into smoke and ashes plucked; Dead +Sea apples. The name is often given to the fruit of Solanum +Sodomum, a prickly shrub with fruit not unlike a small +yellow tomato. P w sauce, stewed apples. [U. S.] P w snail +or w shell (Zol.), a freshPwater, operculated, spiral shell +of the genus Ampullaria. P w tart, a tart containing ~. P w +tree, a tree naturally bears apples. See Apple, 2. P w wine, +cider. P w worm(Zol.), the larva of a small moth +(Carpocapsa pomonella) which burrows in the interior of +apples. See Codling moth. P Dead Sea ~. (a) pl. Apples of +Sodom. Also Fig. =To seek the Dead Sea apples of politics.8 +S. B. Griffin. (b) A kind of gallnut coming from Arabia. See +Gallnut. +Ap6ple (?), v. i. To grow like an ~; to bear apples. +Holland. +Ap6plePfaced7 (?), a. Having a round, broad face, like an +apple. =ApplePfaced children.8 +Dickens. +Ap6plePjack7 (?), n. Apple brandy. [U.S.] +Ap6plePjoin7 , n. A kind of apple which by keeping becomes +much withered; P called also Johnapple. +Shak. +Ap6ple pie7 (?). A pie made of apples (usually sliced or +stewed) with spice and sugar. +ApplePpie bed, a bed in which, as a joke, the sheets are so +doubled (like the cover of an apple turnove?) as to prevent +any one from getting at his length between them. Halliwell, +Conybeare. P ApplePpie order, perfect order or arrangement. +[Colloq.] Halliwell. +Ap6plePsquire7 (?), n. A pimp; a kept gallant. [Obs.] +Beau. & Fl. +ApOpli6aOble (?), a. [See Apply.] Applicable; also, +compliant. [Obs.] +Howell. +ApOpli6ance (?), n. 1. The act of applying; application; +[Obs.] subservience. +Shak. +2. The thing applied or used as a means to an end; an +apparatus or device; as, to use various appliances; a +mechanical appliance; a machine with its appliances. +Ap7pliOcaObil6iOty (?), n. The quality of being applicable +or fit to be applied. +Ap6pliOcaOble (?), a. [Cf. F. aplicable, fr. L. applicare. +See Apply.] Capable of being applied; fit or suitable to be +applied; having relevance; as, this observation is +applicable to the case under consideration. P +Ap6pliOcaObleOness, n. P Ap6pliOcaObly, adv. +Ap6pliOcanOcy (?), n. The quality or state of being +applicable. [R.] +Ap6pliOcant (?), n. [L. applicans, p. pr. of applicare. See +Apply.] One who apples for something; one who makes request; +a petitioner. +The applicant for a cup of water. +Plumtre. +The court require the applicant to appear in person. +Z. Swift. +Ap6pliOcate (?), a. [L. applicatus, p. p. of applicare. See +Apply.] Applied or put to some use. +Those applicate sciences which extend the power of man over +the elements. +I. Taylor. +w number (Math.), one which applied to some concrete case. P +w ordinate, right line applied at right angles to the axis +of any conic section, and bounded by the curve. +Ap6pliOcate (?), v. i. To apply. [Obs.] +The act of faith is applicated to the object. +Bp. Pearson. +Ap7pliOca6tion (?), n. [L. applicatio, fr. applicare: cf. F. +application. See Apply.] 1. The act of applying or laying +on, in a literal sense; as, the application of emollients to +a diseased limb. +2. The thing applied. +He invented a new application by which blood might be +stanched. +Johnson. +2. The act of applying as a means; the employment of means +to accomplish an end; specific use. +If a right course... be taken with children, there will not +be much need of the application of the common rewards and +punishments. +Locke. +4. The act of directing or referring something to a +particular case, to discover or illustrate agreement or +disagreement, fitness, or correspondence; as, I make the +remark, and leave you to make the application; the +application of a theory. + + <-- p. 73 --> + +5. Hence, in specific uses: (a) That part of a sermon or +discourse in which the principles before laid down and +illustrated are applied to practical uses; the =moral8 of a +fable. (b) The use of the principles of one science for the +purpose of enlarging or perfecting another; as, the +application of algebra to geometry. +6. The capacity of being practically applied or used; +relevancy; as, a rule of general application. +7. The act of fixing the mind or closely applying one's +self; assiduous effort; close attention; as, to injure the +health by application to study. +Had his application been equal to his talents, his progress +night have been greater. +J. Jay. +8. The act of making request of soliciting; as, an +application for an office; he made application to a court of +chancery. +9. A request; a document containing a request; as, his +application was placed on file. +Ap6pliOcaOtive (?), a. [Cf. F. applicatif, fr. L. applicare. +See Apply.] Having of being applied or used; applying; +applicatory; practical. Bramhall. P Ap6pliOcaOtiveOly, adv. +Ap6pliOcaOtoOriOly (?), adv. By way of application. +Ap6pliOcaOtoOry, a. Having the property of applying; +applicative; practical. P n. That which applies. +ApOpli6edOly (?), adv. By application. [R.] +ApOpli6er (?), n. He who, or that which, applies. +ApOpli6ment (?), n. Application. [Obs.] +Marston +X Ap7pli7qu6 (?; 277), a. [F., fr. appliquer to put on.] +Ornamented with a pattern (which has been cut out of another +color or stuff) applied or transferred to a foundation; as, +appliqu lace; appliqu work. +ApOplot6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Applotted; p. pr. & vb. n. +Applotting.] [Pref. adO + plot.] To divide into plots or +parts; to apportion. +Milton. +ApOplot6ment (?), n. Apportionment. +ApOply6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Applied (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Applying.] [OF. aplier, F. appliquer, fr. L. applicare to +join, fix, or attach to; ad + plicare to fold, to twist +together. See Applicant, Ply.] 1. To lay or place; to put or +adjust (one thing to another); P with to; as, to apply the +hand to the breast; to apply medicaments to a diseased part +of the body. +He said, and the sword his throat applied. +Dryden. +2. To put to use; to use or employ for a particular purpose, +or in a particular case; to appropriate; to devote; as, to +apply money to the payment of a debt. +3. To make use of, declare, or pronounce, as suitable, +fitting, or relative; as, to apply the testimony to the +case; to apply an epithet to a person. +Yet God at last +To Satan, first in sin, his doom applied. +Milton. +4. To fix closely; to engage and employ diligently, or with +attention; to attach; to incline. +Apply thine heart unto instruction. +Prov. xxiii. 12. +5. To direct or address. [R.] +Sacred vows... applied to grisly Pluto. +Pope. +6. To betake; to address; to refer; P used reflexively. +I applied myself to him for help. +Johnson. +7. To busy; to keep at work; to ply. [Obs.] +She was skillful in applying his =humors.8 +Sir P. Sidney. +8. To visit. [Obs.] +And he applied each place so fast. +Chapman. +Applied chemistry. See under Chemistry. P Applied +mathematics. See under Mathematics. +ApOply6, v. i. 1. To suit; to agree; to have some +connection, agreement, or analogy; as, this argument applies +well to the case. +2. To make request; to have recourse with a view to gain +something; to make application. (to); to solicit; as, to +apply to a friend for information. +3. To ply; to move. [R.] +I heard the sound of an oar applying swiftly through the +water. +T. Moore. +4. To ~ or address one's self; to give application; to +attend closely (to). +X ApOpog7giaOtu6ra (?), n. [It., fr. appogiarre to lean, to +rest; apO (L. ad) + poggiare to mount, ascend, poggio hill, +fr. L. podium an elevated place.] (Mus.) A passing tone +preceding an essential tone, and borrowing the time it +occupies from that; a short auxiliary or grace note one +degree above or below the principal note unless it be of the +same harmony; P generally indicated by a note of smaller +size, as in the illustration above. It forms no essential +part of the harmony. +ApOpoint6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Appointed; p. pr. & vb. +n. Appointing.] [OE. appointen, apointen, OF. apointier to +prepare, arrange, lean, place, F. appointer to give a +salary, refer a cause, fr. LL. appunctare to bring back to +the point, restore, to fix the point in a controversy, or +the points in an agreement; L. ad + punctum a point. See +Point.] 1. To fix with power or firmness; to establish; to +mark out. +When he appointed the foundations of the earth. +Prov. viii. 29. +2. To fix by a decree, order, command, resolve, decision, or +mutual agreement; to constitute; to ordain; to prescribe; to +fix the time and place of. +Thy servants are ready to do whatsoever my lord the king +shall appoint. +2 Sam. xv. 15. +He hath appointed a day, in the which he will judge the +world in righteousness. +Acts xvii. 31. +Say that the emperor request a parley... and appoint the +??eeting. +Shak. +2. To assign, designate, or set apart by authority. +Aaron and his shall go in, and appoint them every one to his +service. +Num. iv. 19. +These were cities appointed for all the children of Israel, +and for the stranger that sojourneth among them. +Josh. xx. 9. +4. To furnish in all points; to provide with everything +necessary by way of equipment; to equip; to fit out. +The English, being well appointed, did so entertain them +that their ships departed terribly torn. +Hayward. +5. To point at by way, or for the purpose? of censure or +commendation; to arraign. [Obs.] +Appoint not heavenly disposition. +Milton. +6. (Law) To direct, designate, or limit; to make or direct a +new disposition of, by virtue of a power contained in a +conveyance; P said of an estate already conveyed. +Burrill. Kent. +To ~ one's self, to resolve. [Obs.] +Crowley. +ApOpoint6 (?), v. i. To ordain; to determine; to arrange. +For the Lord had appointed to defeat the good counsel of +Ahithoph?l. +2 Sam. xvii. 14. +ApOpoint6aOble (?), a. Capable of being appointed or +constituted. +ApOpointOee6 (?), n. [F. appoint, p. p. of appointer. See +Appoint, v. t.] 1. A person appointed. +The commission authorizes them to make appointments, and pay +the appointees. +Circular of Mass. Representatives (1768). +2. (law) A person in whose favor a power of appointment is +executed. +Kent. Wharton. +ApOpoint6er (?), n. One who appoints, or executes a power of +appointment. +Kent. +ApOpoint6ive (?), a. Subject to appointment; as, an +appointive office. [R.] +ApOpoint6ment (?), n. [Cf. F. appointement.] 1. The act of +appointing; designation of a person to hold an office or +discharge a trust; as, he erred by the appointment of +unsuitable men. +2. The state of being appointed to som? service or office; +an office to which one is appointed; station; position; an, +the appointment of treasurer. +3. Stipulation; agreement; the act of fixing by mutual +agreement. Hence:: Arrangement for a meeting; engagement; +as, they made an appointment to meet at six. +4. Decree; direction; established order or constitution; +as, to submit to the divine appointments. +According to the appointment of the priests. +Ezra vi. 9. +5. (Law) The exercise of the power of designating (under a +=power of ~8) a person to enjoy an estate or other specific +property; also, the instrument by which the designation is +made. +6. Equipment, furniture, as for a ship or an army; whatever +is appointed for use and management; outfit; (pl.) the +accouterments of military officers or soldiers, as belts, +sashes, swords. +The cavaliers emulated their chief in the richness of their +appointments. +Prescott. +I'll prove it in my shackles, with these hands +Void of appoinment, that thou liest. +Beau. & Fl. +7. An allowance to a person, esp. to a public officer; a +perquisite; P properly only in the plural. [Obs.] +An expense proportioned to his appointments and fortune is +necessary. +Chesterfield. +8. A honorary part or exercise, as an oration, etc., at a +public exhibition of a college; as, to have an appointment. +[U.S.] +Syn. - Designation; command; order; direction; +establishment; equipment. +ApOpointOor6 (?), n. (Law) The person who selects the +appointee. See Appointee, 2. +ApOpor6ter (?), n. [Cf. F. apporter to bring in, fr. L. +apportare; ad + portare to bear.] A bringer in; an importer. +[Obs.] +Sir M. Hale. +ApOpor6tion (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Apportioned (?); p. pr. +& vb. n. Apportioning.] [OF. apportionner, LL. apportionare, +fr. L. ad + portio. See Portion.] To divide and assign in +just proportion; to divide and distribute proportionally; to +portion out; to allot; as, to apportion undivided rights; to +apportion time among various employments. +ApOpor6tionOateOness (?), n. The quality of being +apportioned or in proportion. [Obs. & R.] +ApOpor6tionOer (?), n. One who apportions. +ApOpor6tionOment (?), n. [Cf. F. apportionnement, LL. +apportionamentum.] The act of apportioning; a dividing into +just proportions or shares; a division or shares; a division +and assignment, to each proprietor, of his just portion of +an undivided right or property. +A. Hamilton. +ApOpose6 (?), v. t. [F. apposer to set to; ? (L. ad) + poser +to put, place. See Pose.] 1. To place opposite or before; to +put or apply (one thing to another). +The nymph herself did then appose, +For food and beverage, to him all best meat. +Chapman. +2. To place in juxtaposition or proximity. +ApOpose6, v. t. [For oppose. See Oppose.] To put questions +to; to examine; to try. [Obs.] See Pose. +To appose him without any accuser, and that secretly. +Tyndale. +ApOposed6 (?), a. Placed in apposition; mutually fitting, as +the mandibles of a bird's beak. +ApOpos6er (?), n. An examiner; one whose business is to put +questions. Formerly, in the English Court of Exchequer, an +officer who audited the sheriffs' accounts. +Ap6poOsite (?), a. [L. appositus, p. p. of apponere to set +or put to; ad + ponere to put, place.] Very applicable; well +adapted; suitable or fit; relevant; pat; P followed by to; +as, this argument is very apposite to the case. P +Ap6poOsiteOly, adv. P Ap6poOsiteOness, n. +Ap7poOsi6tion (?), n. [L. appositio, fr. apponere: cf. F. +apposition. See Apposite.] 1. The act of adding; +application; accretion. +It grows... by the apposition of new matter. +Arbuthnot. +2. The putting of things in juxtaposition, or side by side; +also, the condition of being so placed. +3. (Gram.) The state of two nouns or pronouns, put in the +same case, without a connecting word between them; as, I +admire Cicero, the orator. Here, the second noun explains or +characterizes the first. +Growth by ~ (Physiol.), a mode of growth characteristic of +non vascular tissues, in which nutritive matter from the +blood is transformed on the surface of an organ into solid +unorganized substance. +Ap7poOsi6tionOal (?), a. Pertaining to apposition; put in +apposition syntactically. +Ellicott. +ApOpos6iOtive (?), a. Of or relating to apposition; in +apposition. P n. A noun in apposition. P ApOpos6iOtiveOly, +adv. +Appositive to the words going immediately before. +Knatchbull. +ApOprais6aOble (?), a. Capable of being appraised. +ApOprais6al (?), n. [See Appraise. Cf. Apprizal.] A +valuation by an authorized person; an appraisement. +ApOpraise6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Appraised (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Appraising.] [Pref. adO + praise. See Praise, Price, +Apprize, Appreciate.] 1. To set a value; to estimate the +worth of, particularly by persons appointed for the purpose; +as, to appraise goods and chattels. +2. To estimate; to conjecture. +Enoch... appraised his weight. +Tennyson. +3. To praise; to commend. [Obs.] +R. Browning. +Appraised the Lycian custom. +Tennyson. +5 In the United States, this word is often pronounced, and +sometimes written, apprize. +ApOpraise6ment (?), n. [See Appraise. Cf. Apprizement.] The +act of setting the value; valuation by an appraiser; +estimation of worth. +ApOprais6er (?), n. [See Appraise, Apprizer.] One who +appraises; esp., a person appointed and sworn to estimate +and fix the value of goods or estates. +Ap7preOca6tion , n. [L. apprecari to pray to; ad + precari +to pray, prex, precis, prayer.] Earnest prayer; devout wish. +[Obs.] +A solemn apprecation of good success. +Bp. Hall. +Ap6preOcaOtoOry (?), a. Praying or wishing good. +[Obs.]=Apprecatory benedictions.8 +Bp. Hall. +ApOpre6ciOaOble (?), a. [Cf. F. apprciable.] Capable of +being appreciated or estimated; large enough to be +estimated; perceptible; as, an appreciable quantity. P +ApOpre6ciOaObly, adv. +ApOpre6ciOant (?), a. Appreciative. [R.] +ApOpre6ciOate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Appreciated; p. pr. & +vb. n. Appreciating.] [L. appretiatus, p. p. of appretiare +to value at a price, appraise; ad + pretiare to prize, +pretium price. Cf. Appraise.] 1. To set a price or value on; +to estimate justly; to value. +To appreciate the motives of their enemies. +Gibbon. +2. To recognize the worth of; to esteem highly; as, I am +afraid you do not appreciate my friend. +3. To raise the value of; to increase the market price of; P +opposed to depreciate. [U.S.] +Lest a sudden peace should appreciate the money. +Ramsay. +4. To be sensible of; to distinguish. +To test the power of b??s to appreciate color. +Lubbock. +Syn. - To Appreciate, Estimate, Esteem. Estimate is an act +of judgment; esteem is an act of valuing or prizing, and +when applied to individuals, denotes a sentiment of moral +approbation. See Estimate. Appreciate lies between the two. +As compared with estimate, it supposes a union of +sensibility with judgment, producing a nice and delicate +perception. As compared with esteem, it denotes a valuation +of things according to their appropriate and distinctive +excellence, and not simply their moral worth. Thus, with +reference to the former of these (delicate perception), an +able writer says. =Women have a truer appreciation of +character than men;8 and another remarks, =It is difficult +to appreciate the true force and distinctive sense of terms +which we are every day using.8 So, also, we speak of the +difference between two things, as sometimes hardly +appreciable. With reference to the latter of these (that of +valuation as the result of a nice perception), we say, =It +requires a pe??liar cast of character to appreciate the +poetry of Wordsworth;8 =He who has no delicacy himself, can +not appreciate it in others;8 =The thought of death is +salutary, because it leads us to appreciate worldly things +aright.8 Appreciate is much used in cases where something is +in danger of being overlooked or undervalued; as when we +speak of appreciating the difficulties of a subject, or the +risk of an undertaking. So Lord Plunket, referring to an +=ominous silence8 which prevailed among the Irish +peasantry, says, =If you knew now to appreciate that +silence, it is more formidable than the most clamorous +opposition.8 In like manner, a person who asks some favor of +another is apt to say, =I trust you will appreciate my +motives in this request.8 Here we have the key to a very +frequent use of the word. It is hardly necessary to say that +appreciate looks on the favorable side of things. we never +speak of appreciating a man's faults, but his merits. This +idea of regarding things favorably appears more fully in the +word appreciative; as when we speak of an appreciative +audience, or an appreciative review, meaning one that +manifests a quick perception and a ready valuation of +excellence. +ApOpre6ciOate, v. i. To rise in value. [See note under Rise, +v. i.] +J. Morse. +ApOpre6ciOa7tingOly (?), adv. In an appreciating manner; +with appreciation. +ApOpre7ciOa6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. apprciation.] 1. A just +valuation or estimate of merit, worth, weight, etc.; +recognition of excellence. +2. Accurate perception; true estimation; as, an appreciation +of the difficulties before us; an appreciation of colors. +His foreboding showed his appreciation of Henry's character. +J. R. Green. +3. A rise in value; P opposed to depreciation. +ApOpre6ciOaOtive (?), a. Having or showing a just or ready +appreciation or perception; as, an appreciative audience. P +ApOpre6ciOaOtiveOly, adv. +ApOpre6ciOaOtiveOness, n. The quality of being appreciative; +quick recognition of excellence. +ApOpre6ciOa7tor (?), n. One who appreciates. +ApOpre6ciOaOtoOry (?), a. Showing appreciation; +appreciative; as, appreciatory commendation. P +ApOpre6ciOaOtoOriOly (?), adv. + + <-- p. 74 --> + +Ap7preOhend6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Apprehended; p. pr. & +vb. n. Apprehending.] [L. apprehendere; ad + prehendere to +lay hold of, seize; prae before + Ohendere (used only in +comp.); akin to Gr. ? to hold, contain, and E. get: cf. F. +apprhender. See Prehensile, Get.] 1. To take or seize; to +take hold of. [Archaic] +We have two hands to apprehended it. +Jer. Taylor. +2. Hence: To take or seize (a person) by legal process; to +arrest; as, to apprehend a criminal. +3. To take hold of with the understanding, that is, to +conceive in the mind; to become cognizant of; to understand; +to recognize; to consider. +This suspicion of Earl Reimund, though at first but a buzz, +soon got a sting in the king's head, and he violently +apprehended it. +Fuller. +The eternal laws, such as the heroic age apprehended them. +Gladstone. +4. To know or learn with certainty. [Obs.] +G. You are too much distrustful of my truth. +E. Then you must give me leave to apprehend +The means and manner how. +Beau. & Fl. +5. To anticipate; esp., to anticipate with anxiety, dread, +or fear; to fear. +The opposition had more reason than the king to apprehend +violence. +Macaulay. + +Syn. - To catch; seize; arrest; detain; capture; conceive; +understand; imagine; believe; fear; dread. P To Apprehend, +Comprehend. These words come into comparison as describing +acts of the mind. Apprehend denotes the laying hold of a +thing mentally, so as to understand it clearly, at least in +part. Comprehend denotes the embracing or understanding it +in all its compass and extent. We may apprehended many +truths which we do not comprehend. The very idea of God +supposes that he may be apprehended, though not +comprehended, by rational beings. =We may apprehended much +of Shakespeare's aim and intention in the character of +Hamlet or King Lear; but few will claim that they have +comprehended all that is embraced in these characters.8 +Trench. +Ap7preOhend6, v. i. 1. To think, believe, or be of opinion; +to understand; to suppose. +2. To be apprehensive; to fear. +It is worse to apprehend than to suffer. +Rowe. +Ap7preOhend6er (?), n. One who apprehends. +Ap7preOhen7siObi6iOty (?), n. The quality of being +apprehensible. [R.] +De Quincey. +Ap7preOhen6siOble (?), a. [L. apprehensibilis. See +Apprehend.] Capable of being apprehended or conceived. +=Apprehensible by faith.8 Bp. Hall. P Ap7OpreOhen6siObly, +adv. +Ap7preOhen6sion (?), n. [L. apprehensio: cf. F. +apprhension. See Apprehend.] 1. The act of seizing or +taking hold of; seizure; as, the hand is an organ of +apprehension. +Sir T. Browne. +2. The act of seizing or taking by legal process; arrest; +as, the felon, after his apprehension, escaped. +3. The act of grasping with the intellect; the contemplation +of things, without affirming, denying, or passing any +judgment; intellection; perception. +Simple apprehension denotes no more than the soul's naked +intellection of an object. +Glanvill. +4. Opinion; conception; sentiment; idea. +5 In this sense, the word often denotes a belief, founded on +sufficient evidence to give preponderation to the mind, but +insufficient to induce certainty; as, in our apprehension, +the facts prove the issue. +To false, and to be thought false, is all one in respect of +men, who act not according to truth, but apprehension. +South. +5. The faculty by which ideas are conceived; understanding; +as, a man of dull apprehension. +6. Anticipation, mostly of things unfavorable; distrust or +fear at the prospect of future evil. +After the death of his nephew Caligula, Claudius was in no +small apprehension for his own life. +Addison. +Syn. - Apprehension, Alarm. Apprehension springs from a +sense of danger when somewhat remote, but approaching; alarm +arises from danger when announced as near at hand. +Apprehension is calmer and more permanent; alarm is more +agitating and transient. +Ap7preOhen6sive (?), a. [Cf. F. apprhensif. See Apprehend.] +1. Capable of apprehending, or quick to do so; apt; +discerning. +It may be pardonable to imagine that a friend, a kind and +apprehensive... friend, is listening to our talk. +Hawthorne. +2. Knowing; conscious; cognizant. [R.] +A man that has spent his younger years in vanity and folly, +and is, by the grace of God, apprehensive of it. +Jer. Taylor. +3. Relating to the faculty of apprehension. +Judgment... is implied in every apprehensive act. +Sir W. Hamilton. +4. Anticipative of something unfavorable' fearful of what +may be coming; in dread of possible harm; in expectation of +evil. +Not at all apprehensive of evils as a distance. +Tillotson. +Reformers... apprehensive for their lives. +Gladstone. +5. Sensible; feeling; perceptive. [R.] +Thoughts, my tormentors, armed with deadly stings, +Mangle my apprehensive, tenderest parts. +Milton. +Ap7preOhen6siveOly, adv. In an apprehensive manner; with +apprehension of danger. +Ap7preOhen6siveOness, n. The quality or state of being +apprehensive. +ApOpren6tice (?), n. [OE. apprentice, prentice, OF. +aprentis, nom. of aprentif, fr. apprendare to learn, L. +apprendere, equiv. to apprehendere, to take hold of (by the +mind), to comprehend. See Apprehend, Prentice.] 1. One who +is bound by indentures or by legal agreement to serve a +mechanic, or other person, for a certain time, with a view +to learn the art, or trade, in which his master is bound to +instruct him. +2. One not well versed in a subject; a tyro. +3. (Old law) A barrister, considered a learner of law till +of sixteen years' standing, when he might be called to the +rank of serjeant. [Obs.] +Blackstone. +ApOpren6tice , v. t. [imp. & p. p. Apprenticed ; p. pr. & +vb. n. Apprenticing .] To bind to, or put under the care of, +a master, for the purpose of instruction in a trade or +business. +ApOpre6ticeOage , n. [F. apprentissage.] Apprenticeship. +[Obs.] +ApOpren6ticeOhood, n. Apprenticeship. [Obs.] +ApOpren6ticeOship, n. 1. The service or condition of an +apprentice; the state in which a person is gaining +instruction in a trade or art, under legal agreement. +2. The time an apprentice is serving (sometimes seven years, +as from the age of fourteen to twentyPone). +ApOpressed6, ApOprest6 } , a. [p. p. appress, which is not +in use. See Adpress.] (Bot.) Pressed close to, or lying +against, something for its whole length, as against a stem, +Gray. +ApOprise6 , v. t. [imp. & p. p. Apprised ; p. pr. & vb. n. +Apprising.] [ F. appris, fem. apprise, p. p. apprendre to +learn, to teach, to inform. Cf. Apprehend, Apprentice.] To +give notice, verbal or written; to inform; P followed by of; +as, we will apprise the general of an intended attack; he +apprised the commander of what he had done. +ApOprise6, n. Notice; information. [Obs.] +Gower. +ApOpriz6al , n. See Appraisal. +ApOprize6 , v. t. [The same as Appraise, only more +accommodated to the English form of the L. pretiare.] To +appraise; to value; to appreciate. +ApOprize6ment , n. Appraisement. +ApOpriz6er , n. 1. An appraiser. +2. (Scots Law) A creditor for whom an appraisal is made. +Sir W. Scott. +ApOproach6 , v. i. [imp. & p. p. Approached ; p. pr. & vb. +n. Approaching.] [OE. approchen, aprochen, OF. approcher, +LL. appropriare, fr. L. ad + propiare to draw near, prope +near.] 1. To come or go near, in place or time; to draw +?igh; to advance nearer. +Wherefore approached ye so nigh unto the city? +2 Sam. xi. 20. +But exhorting one another; and so much the more, as ye see +the day approaching. +Heb. x. 25. +2. To draw near, in a figurative sense; to make advances; to +approximate; as, he approaches to the character of the +ablest statesman. +ApOproach6, v. t. 1. To bring near; to cause to draw near; +to advance. [Archaic] +Boyle. +2. To come near to in place, time, or character; to draw +nearer to; as, to approach the city; to approach my cabin; +he approached the age of manhood. +He was an admirable poet, and thought even to have +approached Homer. +Temple. +3. (Mil.) To take approaches to. +ApOproach6, n. [Cf. F. approche. See Approach, v. i.] 1. The +act of drawing near; a coming or advancing near. =The +approach of summer.8 +Horsley. +A nearer approach to the human type. +Owen. +2. A access, or opportunity of drawing near. +The approach to kings and principal persons. +Bacon. +3. pl. Movements to gain favor; advances. +4. A way, passage, or avenue by which a place or buildings +can be approached; an access. +Macaulay. +5. pl. (Fort.) The advanced works, trenches, or covered +roads made by besiegers in their advances toward a fortress +or military post. +6. (Hort.) See Approaching. +ApOproach7aObil6iOty (?), n. The quality of being +approachable; approachableness. +ApOproach6aOble (?), a. Capable of being approached; +accessible; as, approachable virtue. +ApOproach6aObleOness, n. The quality or state of being +approachable; accessibility. +ApOproah6er (?), n. One who approaches. +ApOproach6ing, n. (Hort.) The act of ingrafting a sprig or +shoot of one tree into another, without cutting it from the +parent stock; P called, also, inarching and grafting by +approach. +ApOproach6less, a. Impossible to be approached. +ApOproach6ment (?), n. [Cf. F. approachement.] Approach. +[Archaic] +Holland. +Ap6proObate (?), a. [L. approbatus, p. p. of approbare to +approve.] Approved. [Obs.] +Elyot. +Ap6proObate (?), v. t. To express approbation of; to +approve; to sanction officially. +I approbate the one, I reprobate the other. +Sir W. Hamilton. +5 This word is obsolete in England, but is occasionally +heard in the United States, chiefly in a technical sense for +license; as, a person is approbated to preach; approbated to +keep a public house. +Pickering (1816). +Ap7proOba6tion (?), n. [L. approbatio: cf. F. approbation. +See Approve to prove.] 1. Proof; attestation. [Obs.] +Shak. +2. The act of approving; an assenting to the propriety of a +thing with some degree of pleasure or satisfaction; +approval; sanction; commendation. +Many... joined in a loud hum of approbation. +Macaulay. +The silent approbation of one's own breast. +Melmoth. +Animals... love approbation or praise. +Darwin. +3. Probation or novitiate. [Obs.] +This day my sister should the cloister enter, +And there receive her approbation. +Shak. +Syn. - Approval; liking; sanction; consent; concurrence. P +Approbation, Approval. Approbation and approval have the +same general meaning, assenting to or declaring as good, +sanction, commendation; but approbation is stronger and more +positive. =We may be anxious for the approbation of our +friends; but we should be still more anxious for the +approval of our own consciences.8 =He who is desirous to +obtain universal approbation will learn a good lesson from +the fable of the old man and his ass.8 =The work has been +examined by several excellent judges, who have expressed +their unqualified approval of its plan and execution.8 +Ap6proObaOtive (?), a. [Cf. F. approbatif.] Approving, or +implying approbation. +Milner. +Ap6proObaOtiveOness, n. 1. The quality of being approbative. +2. (Phren.) Love of approbation. +Ap6proOba7tor (?), n. [L.] One who approves. [R.] +Ap6proOba7toOry (?), a. Containing or expressing +approbation; commendatory. +Sheldon. +ApOpromt6 (?; 215), v. t. [Pref. adO + promt.] To quicken; +to prompt. [Obs.] +To appromt our invention. +Bacon. +ApOproof6 (?), n. [See Approve, and Proof.] 1. Trial; proof. +[Archaic] +Shak. +2. Approval; commendation. +Shak. +Ap7proOpin6quate (?), v. i. [L. appropinquatus, p. p. of +appropinquare; ad + prope near.] To approach. [Archaic] +Ld. Lytton. +Ap7proOpinOqua6tion (?), n. [L. appropinquatio.] A drawing +nigh; approach. [R.] +Bp. Hall. +Ap7proOpin6quiOty (?), n. [Pref. adO + propinquity.] +Nearness; propinquity. [R.] +J. Gregory. +ApOpro6pre (?), v. t. [OE. appropren, apropren, OF. +approprier, fr. L. appropriare. See Appropriate.] To +appropriate. [Obs.] +Fuller. +ApOpro6priOaOble (?), a. [See Appropriate.] Capable of being +appropriated, set apart, sequestered, or assigned +exclusively to a particular use. +Sir T. Browne. +ApOpro6priOaOment (?), n. What is peculiarly one's own; +peculiar qualification.[Obs.] +If you can neglect +Your own appropriaments. +Ford. +ApOpro6priOate (?), a. [L. appropriatus, p. p. of +appropriare; ad + propriare to appropriate, fr. proprius +one's own, proper. See Proper.] Set apart for a particular +use or person. Hence: Belonging peculiarly; peculiar; +suitable; fit; proper. +In its strict and appropriate meaning. +Porteus. +Appropriate acts of divine worship. +Stillingfleet. +It is not at all times easy to find words appropriate to +express our ideas. +Locke. +ApOpro6priOat? (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Appropriated (?); p. +pr. & vb. n. Appropriating (?).] 1. To take to one's self in +exclusion of others; to claim or use as by an exclusive +right; as, let no man appropriate the use of a common +benefit. +2. To set apart for, or assign to, a particular person or +use, in exclusion of all others; P with to or for; as, a +spot of ground is appropriated for a garden; to appropriate +money for the increase of the navy. +3. To make suitable; to suit. [Archaic] +Paley. +4. (Eng. Eccl. Law) To annex, as a benefice, to a spiritual +corporation, as its property. +Blackstone. +ApOpro6priOate (?), n. A property; attribute. [Obs.] +ApOpro6priOateOly, adv. In an appropriate or proper manner; +fitly; properly. +ApOpro6priOateOness, n. The state or quality of being +appropriate; peculiar fitness. +Froude. +ApOpro7priOa6tion (?), n. [L. appropriatio: cf. F. +appropriation.] 1. The act of setting apart or assigning to +a particular use or person, or of taking to one's self, in +exclusion of all others; application to a special use or +purpose, as of a piece of ground for a park, or of money to +carry out some object. +2. Anything, especially money, thus set apart. +The Commons watched carefully over the appropriation. +Macaulay. +3. (Law) (a) The severing or sequestering of a benefice to +the perpetual use of a spiritual corporation. Blackstone. +(b) The application of payment of money by a debtor to his +creditor, to one of several debts which are due from the +former to the latter. +Chitty. +ApOpro6priOaOtive (?), a. Appropriating; making, or tending +to, appropriation; as, an appropriative act. P +ApOpro6priOaOtiveOness, n. +ApOpro6priOa7tor (?), n. 1. One who appropriates. +2. (Law) A spiritual corporation possessed of an +appropriated benefice; also, an impropriator. +Blackstone. +ApOprov6aOble (?), a. Worthy o? be?? approved; meritorious. +P ApOprov6aObleOness, n. +ApOprov6al (?), n. Approbation; sanction. +A censor... without whose approval n? capital sentences are +to be executed. +Temple. +Syn. - See Approbation. +ApOprov6ance (?), n. Approval. [Archaic] +A parents... deign approvance. +Thomson. +ApOprove6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Approved (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Approving.] [OE. aproven, appreven, to prove, OF. +aprover, F. approuver, to ~, fr. L. approbare; ad + probare +to esteem as good, ~, prove. See Prove, and cf. Approbate.] +1. To show to be real or true; to prove. [Obs.] +Wouldst thou approve thy constancy? Approve +First thy obedience. +Milton. +2. To make proof of; to demonstrate; to prove or show +practically. +Opportunities to approve... worth. +Emerson. + He had approved himself a great warrior. +Macaulay. +'T is an old lesson; Time approves it true. +Byron. +His account... approves him a man of thought. +Parkman. +3. To sanction officially; to ratify; to confirm; as, to +approve the decision of a courtPmartial. +4. To regard as good; to commend; to be pleased with; to +think well of; as, we approve the measured of the +administration. +5. To make or show to be worthy of approbation or +acceptance. +The first care and concern must be to approve himself to +God. +Rog???. +5 This word, when it signifies to be pleased with, to think +favorably (of), is often followed by of. +They had not approved of the deposition of James. +Macaulay. +They approved of the political institutions. +W. Black. + <-- p. 75 --> + +ApOprove6 (?), v. t. [OF. aprouer; ? (L. ad) + a form +apparently derived fr. the pro, prod, in L. prodest it is +useful or profitable, properly the preposition pro for. Cf. +Improve.] (Eng. Law) To make profit of; to convert to one's +own profit; said esp. of waste or common land appropriated +by the lord of the manor. +ApOprov6edOly (?), adv. So as to secure approbation; in an +approved manner. +ApOprove6ment (?), n. [Obs.] 1. Approbation. +I did nothing without your approvement. +Hayward. +2. (Eng. Law) a confession of guilt by a prisoner charged +with treason or felony, together with an accusation of his +accomplish and a giving evidence against them in order to +obtain his own pardon. The term is no longer in use; it +corresponded to what is now known as turning king's (or +queen's) evidence in England, and state's evidence in the +United States. +Burrill. Bouvier. +ApOprove6ment, n. (Old Eng. Law) Improvement of common +lands, by inclosing and converting them to the uses of +husbandry for the advantage of the lord of the manor. +Blackstone. +ApOprov6er (?), n. 1. One who approves. Formerly, one who +made proof or trial. +2. An informer; an accuser. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +3.(Eng. Law) One who confesses a crime and accuses another. +See 1st Approvement, 2. +ApOprov6er, n. [See 2d Approve, v. t.] (Eng. Law) A bailiff +or steward; an agent. [Obs.] +Jacobs. +ApOprov6ing, a. Expressing approbation; commending; as, an +approving smile. P ApOprov6ingOly, adv. +ApOprox6iOmate (?), a. [L. approximatus, p. p. of +approximare to approach; ad + proximare to come near. See +Proximate.] 1. Approaching; proximate; nearly resembling. +2. Near correctness; nearly exact; not perfectly accurate; +as, approximate results or values. +w quantities (Math.), those which are nearly, but not, +equal. +ApOprox6iOmate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Approximated (?); p. +pr. & vb. n. Approximating.] 1. To carry or advance near; to +cause to approach. +To approximate the inequality of riches to the level of +nature. +Burke. +2. To come near to; to approach. +The telescope approximates perfection. +J. Morse. +ApOprox6iOmate, v. i. To draw; to approach. +ApOprox6iOmateOly (?), adv. With approximation; so as to +approximate; nearly. +ApOprox7iOma6tion (?). n. [Cf. F. approximation, LL. +approximatio.] 1. The act of approximating; a drawing, +advancing or being near; approach; also, the result of +approximating. +The largest capacity and the most noble dispositions are but +an approximation to the proper standard and true symmetry of +human nature. +I. Taylor. +2. An approach to a correct estimate, calculation, or +conception, or to a given quantity, quality, etc. +3. (Math.) (a) A continual approach or coming nearer to a +result; as, to solve an equation by approximation. (b) A +value that is nearly but not exactly correct. +ApOprox6iOmaOtive (?), a. [Cf. F. approximatif.] +Approaching; approximate. P ApOprox6iOmaOtiveOly, adv. P +ApOprox6iOmaOtiveOness, n. +ApOprox6iOma7tor (?), n. One who, or that which, +approximates. +X Ap7pui6 (?), n. [F., fr. L. ad + podium foothold, Gr. ?, +dim. of ?, ?, foot.] A support or supporter; a stay; a prop. +[Obs.] +If a be to climb trees that are of any great height, there +would be stays and appuies set to it. +Holland. +Point d'appui (?). [F., a point of support.] (Mil.) (a) A +given point or body, upon which troops are formed, or by +which are marched in line or column. (b) An advantageous +defensive support, as a castle, morass, wood, declivity, +etc. +Ap6pulse (?; 277), n. [L. appulsus, fr. appellere, appulsum, +to drive to; ad + pellere to drive: cf. F. appulse.] 1. A +driving or running towards; approach; impulse; also, the act +of striking against. +In all consonants there is an appulse of the organs. +Holder. +2. (Astron.) The near approach of one heavenly body to +another, or to the meridian; a coming into conjunction; as, +the appulse of the moon to a star, or of a star to the +meridian. +ApOpul6sion (?), n. A driving or striking against; an +appulse. +ApOpul6sive (?), a. Striking against; impinging; as, the +appulsive influence of the planets. +P. Cyc. +ApOpul6siveOly, adv. By appulsion. +ApOpur6teOnance (?), n. [OF. apurtenaunce, apartenance, F. +appartenance, LL. appartenentia, from L. appertinere. See +Appertain.] That which belongs to something else; an +adjunct; an appendage; an accessory; something annexed to +another thing more worthy; in common parlance and legal +acceptation, something belonging to another thing as +principal, and which passes as incident to it, as a right of +way, or other easement to land; a right of common to +pasture, an outhouse, barn, garden, or orchard, to a house +or messuage. In a strict legal sense, land can never pass as +an appurtenance to land. +Tomlins. Bouvier. Burrill. +Globes... provided as appurtenances to astronomy. +Bacon. +The structure of the eye, and of its appurtenances. +Reid. +ApOpur6teOnant (?), a. [F. appartenant, p. pr. of +appartenir. See Appurtenance.] Annexed or pertaining to some +more important thing; accessory; inc?dent; as, a right of +way appurtenant to land or buildings. +Blackstone. +Common ~. (Law) See under Common, n. +ApOpur6teOnant, n, Something which belongs or appertains to +another thing; an appurtenance. +Mysterious appurtenants and symbols of redemption. +Coleridge. +Ap6riOcate (?), v. t. & i. [ L. apricatus, p. p. of +apricare, fr. apricus exposed to the sun, fr. aperire to +uncover, open.] To bask in the sun. +Boyle. +Ap7riOca6tion , n. Basking in the sun. [R.] +A6priOcot , n. [OE. apricock, abricot, F. abricot, fr. Sp. +albaricoque or Pg. albricoque, fr. Ar. albirq?q, alPburq?q. +Though the E. and F. form abricot is derived from the Arabic +through the Spanish, yet the Arabic word itself was formed +from the Gr. ?, pl. (Diosc. c. 1000) fr. L. praecoquus, +praecox, early ripe. The older E. form apricock was prob. +taken direct from Pg. See Precocious, Cook.] (Bot.) A fruit +allied to the plum, of an orange color, oval shape, and +delicious taste; also, the tree (Prunus Armeniaca of +Linnus) which bears this fruit. By cultivation it has been +introduced throughout the temperate zone. +A6pril (?), n. [L. Aprilis. OE. also Averil, F. Avril, fr. +L. Aprilis.] 1. The fourth month of the year. +2. Fig.: With reference to April being the month in which +vegetation begins to put forth, the variableness of its +weather, etc. +The April's her eyes; it is love's spring. +Shak. +w fool, one who is sportively imposed upon by others on the +first day of w. +X A7 priOo6ri (?). [L. a (ab) + prior former.] 1. (Logic) +Characterizing that kind of reasoning which deduces +consequences from definitions formed, or principles assumed, +or which infers effects from causes previously known; +deductive or deductively. The reverse of a posteriori. +2. Presumptive; presumptively; without examination. +3.(Philos.) Applied to knowledge and conceptions assumed, or +presupposed, as prior to experience, in order to make +experience rational or possible. +A priori, that is, form these necessities of the mind or +forms of thinking, which, though first revealed to us by +experience, must yet have pre xisted in order to make +experience possible. +Coleridge. +A7priOo6rism (?), n. [Cf. F. apriorisme.] An a priori +principle. +A7priOor6iOty (?), n. The quality of being innate in the +mind, or prior to experience; a priori reasoning. +X AOproc6ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? priv. + ? anus.] +(Zol.) A group of Turbellaria in which there is no anal +aperture. +AOproc6tous (?), a.(Zol.) Without an anal office. +A6pron (?; 277), n. [OE. napron, OF. naperon, F. napperon, +dim. of OF. nape, F. nappe, cloth, tablecloth, LL. napa, fr. +L. mappa, napkin, table napkin. See Map.] 1. An article of +dress, of cloth, leather, or other stuff, worn on the fore +part of the body, to keep the clothes clean, to defend them +from injury, or as a covering. It is commonly tied at the +waist by strings. +2. Something which by its shape or use suggests an ~; as, +(a) The fat skin covering the belly of a goose or duck. +[Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. (b) A piece of leather, or other +material, to be spread before a person riding on an outside +seat of a vehicle, to defend him from the rain, snow, or +dust; a boot. =The weather being too hot for the apron.8 +Hughes. (c) (Gun.) A leaden plate that covers the vent of a +cannon. (d) (Shipbuilding) A piece of carved timber, just +above the foremost end of the keel. Totten. (e) A platform, +or flooring of plank, at the entrance of a dock, against +which the dock gates are shut. (f) A flooring of plank +before a dam to cause the water to make a gradual descent. +(g) (Mech.) The piece that holds the cutting tool of a +planer. (h) (Plumbing) A strip of lead which leads the drip +of a wall into a gutter; a flashing. (i) (Zol.) The +infolded abdomen of a crab. +A6proned (?), a. Wearing an apron. +A cobbler aproned, and a parson gowned. +Pope. +A6pronOful (?), n.; pl. Apronfuls (?). The quality an apron +can hold. +A6pronOless, a. Without an apron. +A6pron man7 (?). A man who wears an apron; a laboring man; a +mechanic. [Obs.] +Shak. +A6pron string7 (?). The string of an apron. +To be tied to a wife's or mother's apron strings, to be +unduly controlled by a wife or mother. +He was so made that he could not submit to be tied to the +apron strings even of the best of wives. +Macaulay. + +Ap6roOsos7 (?), a. & adv. [F. ? propos; ? (L. ad) + propos +purpose, L. proposium plan, purpose, fr. proponere to +propose. See Propound.] 1. Opportunely or opportune; +seasonably or seasonable. +A tale extremely apropos. +Pope. +2. By the way; to the purpose; suitably to the place or +subject; P a word used to introduce an incidental +observation, suited to the occasion? though not strictly +belonging to the narration. +Apse (?), n. pl. Apses (?). See Apsis.] 1. (Arch.) (a) A +projecting part of a building, esp. of a church, having in +the plan a polygonal or semicircular termination, and, most +often, projecting from the east end. In early churches the +Eastern ~ was occupied by seats for the bishop and clergy. +Hence: (b) The bishop's seat or throne, in ancient churches. +2. A reliquary, or case in which the relics of saints were +kept. +5 This word is also written apsis and absis. +Ap6siOdal (?), a. 1. (Astron.) Of or pertaining to the +apsides of an orbit. +2. (Arch.) Of or pertaining to the apse of a church; as, the +apsidal termination of the chancel. +Ap6siOdes (?), n. pl. See Apsis. +X Ap6sis (?), n. pl. Apsides (?). See Apse. [L. apsis, +absis, Gr. ?, ?, a tying, fastening, the hoop of a wheel, +the wheel, a bow, arch, vault, fr. ? to fasten.] 1. +(Astron.) One of the two points of an orbit, as of a planet +or satellite, which are at the greatest and least distance +from the central body, corresponding to the aphelion and +perihelion of a planet, or to the apogee and perigee of the +moon. The more distant is called the higher apsis; the +other, the lower apsis; and the line joining them, the line +of apsides. +2. (Math.) In a curve referred to polar cordinates, any +point for which the radius vector is a maximum or minimum. +3. (Arch.) Same as Apse. +Apt (?), a [F. apte, L. aptus, fr. obsolete apere to fasten, +to join, to fit, akin to apisci to reach, attain: cf. Gr. ? +to fasten, Skr. >pta fit, fr. >p to reach attain.] +1. Fit or fitted; suited; suitable; appropriate. +They have always apt instruments. +Burke. +A river... apt to be forded by a lamb. +Jer. Taylor. +2. Having an habitual tendency; habitually liable or likely; +P used of things. +My vines and peaches... were apt to have a soot or +smuttiness upon their leaves and fruit. +Temple. +This tree, if unprotected, is apt to be stripped of the +leaves by a leafPcutting ant. +Lubbock. +3. Inclined; disposed customarily; given; ready; P used of +persons. +Apter to give than thou wit be to ask. +Beau. & Fl. +That lofty pity with which prosperous folk are apt to +remember their grandfathers. +F. Harrison. +4. Ready; especially fitted or qualified (to do something); +quick to learn; prompt; expert; as, a pupil apt to learn; an +apt scholar. =An apt wit.8 +Johnson. +Live a thousand years, +I shall not find myself so apt to die. +Shak. +I find thee apt... Now, Hamlet, hear. +Shak. +Syn. - Fit; meet; suitable; qualified; ???line?; disposed; +liable; ready; quick; prompt. +Apt, v. t. [L. aptare. See Aptate.] To fit; to suit; to +adapt. [Obs.] =To apt their places.8 +B. Jonson. +That our speech be apted to edification. +Jer. Taylor. +Apt6aOble (?), a. [LL. aptabilis, fr. L. aptare.] Capable of +being adapted. [Obs.] +Sherwood. +Ap6tate (?), v. t. [L. aptatus, p. p. of aptare. See Apt.] +To make fit. [Obs.] +Bailey +X Ap6teOra (?), n. pl. [NL. aptera, fr. Gr. ? without wings; +? priv. + ? wing, ? to fly.] (Zol.) Insects without wings, +constituting the seventh Linnn order of insects, an +artificial group, which included Crustacea, spiders, +centipeds, and even worms. These animals are now placed in +several distinct classes and orders. +Ap6terOal (?), a. 1. (Zol.) Apterous. +2. (Arch.) Without lateral columns; P applied to buildings +which have no series of columns along their sides, but are +either prostyle or amphiprostyle, and opposed to peripteral. +R. Cyc. +Ap6terOan (?), n. (Zol.) One of the Aptera. +X ApOte6riOa (?), n. pl. [NL. See Aptera.] (Zol.) Naked +spaces between the feathered areas of birds. See Pteryli. +Ap6terOous (?), a. 1. (Zol.) Destitute of wings; apteral; +as, apterous insects. +2. (Bot.) Destitute of winglike membranous expansions, as a +stem or petiole; P opposed to atate. +X ApOter6yOges (?), n. pl. [NL. See Apteryx.] (Zol.) An +order of birds, including the genus Apteryx. +X Ap6teOryx (?), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? wing. Cf. Aptera.] +(Zol.) A genus of New Zealand birds about the size of a +hen, with only short rudiments of wings, armed with a claw +and without a tail; the kiwi. It is allied to the gigantic +extinct moas of the same country Five species are known. +Apt6iOtude (?), n. [F. aptitude, LL. aptitudo, fr. L. aptus. +See Apt, and cf. Attitude.] 1. A natural or acquired +disposition or capacity for a particular purpose, or +tendency to a particular action or effect; as, oil has an +aptitude to burn. +He seems to have had a peculiar aptitude for the management +of irregular troops. +Macaulay. +2. A general fitness or suitableness; adaptation. +That sociable and helpful aptitude which God implanted +between man and woman. +Milton. +3. Readiness in learning; docility; aptness. +He was a boy of remarkable aptitude. +Macaulay. +Apt7iOtu6diOnal (?), a. Suitable; fit. [Obs.] +Apt6ly (?), adv. In an apt or suitable manner; fitly; +properly; pertinently; appropriately; readily. +Apt6ness, n. 1. Fitness; suitableness; appropriateness; as, +the aptness of things to their end. +The aptness of his quotations. +J. R. Green. + <-- p. 76 --> + +2. Disposition of the mind; propensity; as, the aptness of +men to follow example. +3. Quickness of apprehension; readiness in learning; +d?cility; as, an aptness to learn is more observable in some +children than in others. +4. Proneness; tendency; as, the aptness of iron to rust. +Ap6tote (?), n. [L. aptotum, Gr. ? indeclinable; ? priv. + ? +fallen, declined, ? to fall.] (Gram.) A noun which has no +distinction of cases; an indeclinable noun. +ApOtot6ic (?), a. Pertaining to, or characterized by, +aptotes; uninflected; as, aptotic languages. +X Ap6tyOchus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? priv. + ?, ?, fold.] +(Zol.) A shelly plate found in the terminal chambers of +ammonite shells. Some authors consider them to be jaws; +others, opercula. +X A6pus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?. See Apode, n.] (Zol.) A +genus of freshPwater phyllopod crustaceans. See Phyllopod. +Ap7yOret6ic (?), a. [Pref. a? not + pyretic.] (Med.) Without +fever; P applied to days when there is an intermission of +fever. +Dunglison. +X Ap7yOrex6iOa (?), Ap7yOrex7y (?), } n. [NL. apyrexia, fr. +Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? to be feverish, fr. ? fire: cf. F. +apyrexie.] (Med.) The absence of intermission of fever. +Ap7yOrex6iOal (?), a. (Med.) Relating to apyrexy. =Apyrexial +period.8 +Brande & C. +Ap6yOrous (?), a. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? fire.] Incombustible; +capable of sustaining a strong heat without alteration of +form or properties. +X A6qua (?), n. [L. See Ewer.] Water; P a word much used in +pharmacy and the old chemistry, in various signification, +determined by the word or words annexed. +w ammoni, the aqueous solution of ammonia; liquid ammonia; +often called aqua ammonia. P w marine (?), or w marina (?). +Same as Aquamarine. P w regia (?). [L., royal water] +(Chem.), a very corrosive fuming yellow liquid consisting of +nitric and hydrochloric acids. It has the power of +dissolving gold, the =royal8 metal. P w Tofana (?), a fluid +containing arsenic, and used for secret poisoning, made by +an Italian woman named Tofana, in the middle of the 17th +century, who is said to have poisoned more than 600 persons. +Francis. P w vit (?) [L., water of life. Cf. Eau de vie, +Usquebaugh], a name given to brandy and some other ardent +spirits. +Shak. +X A7qua for6tis (?). [L., strong water.] (Chem.) Nitric +acid. [Archaic] +A7quaOmaOrine6 (?), n. (Min.) A transparent, pale green +variety of beryl, used as a gem. See Beryl. +A7quaOpunc6ture (?), n. [L. aqua water, + punctura puncture, +pungere, punctum, to, prick.] (Med.) The introduction of +water subcutaneously for the relief of pain. +X Aq7uaOrelle6 (?), n. [F., fr. Ital acquerello, fr. acqua +water, L. aqua.] A design or painting in thin transparent +water colors; also, the mode of painting in such colors. +Aq7uaOrel6list (?), n. A painter in thin transparent water +colors. +AOqua6riOal (?), AOqua6riOan (?), } a. Of or performance to +an aquarium. +AOqua6riOan, n. [L. (assumed) Aquarianus, fr. aqua: cf. F. +Aquarien. See Aqua.] (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect of +Christian in the primitive church who used water instead of +wine in the Lord's Supper. +AOqua6riOum (?), n.; pl. E. Aquariums (?), L. Aquaria (?). +[L. See Aquarius, Ewer.] An artificial pond, or a globe or +tank (usually with glass sides), in which living specimens +of aquatic animals or plants are kept. +X AOqua6riOus (?), n. [L. aquarius, adj., relating to water, +and n., a waterPcarrier, fr. aqua. See Aqua.] (Astron.) (a) +The WaterPbearer; the eleventh sign in the zodiac, which the +sun enters about the 20th of January; P so called from the +rains which prevail at that season in Italy and the East. +(b) A constellation south of Pegasus. +AOquat6ic (?), a. [L. aquaticus: cf. F. aquatique. See +Aqua.] Pertaining to water growing in water; living in, +swimming in, or frequenting the margins of waters; as, +aquatic plants and fowls. +AOquat7ic, n. 1. An ~ animal plant. +2. pl. Sports or exercises practiced in or on the water. +AOquat6icOal (?), a. Aquatic. [R.] +Aq6uaOtile (?), a. [L. aquatilis: cf. F. aquatile.] +Inhabiting the water. [R.] +Sir T. Browne. +A6quaOtint (?), A7quaOtin6ta (?), } n. [It. acquatinta dyed +water; acqua (L. aqua) water + tinto, fem. tinta, dyed. See +Tint.] A kind of etching in which spaces are bitten by the +use of aqua fortis, by which an effect is produced +resembling a drawing in water colors or India ink; also, the +engraving produced by this method. +Aq6ueOduct (?), n. [F. aqueduc, OF. aqueduct (Cotgr.), fr. +L. aquaeductus; aquae, gen. of aqua water + ductus a +leading, ducere to lead. See Aqua, Duke.] 1. A conductor, +conduit, or artificial channel for conveying water, +especially one for supplying large cities with water. +5 The term is also applied to a structure (similar to the +ancient aqueducts), for conveying a canal over a river or +hollow; more properly called an aqueduct bridge. +2. (Anat.) A canal or passage; as, the aqueduct of Sylvius, +a channel connecting the third and fourth ventricles of the +brain. +AOque6iOty (?), n. Wateriness. [Obs.] +A6queOous (?), a. [Cf. F. aqueux, L. aquosus, fr. aqua. See +Aqua, Aquose.] 1. Partaking of the nature of water, or +abounding with it; watery. +The aqueous vapor of the air. +Tyndall. +2. Made from, or by means of, water. +An aqueous deposit. +Dana. +w extract, an extract obtained from a vegetable substance by +steeping it in water. P w humor (Anat.), one the humors of +the eye; a limpid fluid, occupying the space between the +crystalline lens and the cornea. (See Eye.) P w rocks +(Geol.), those which are deposited from water and lie in +strata, as opposed to volcanic rocks, which are of igneous +origin; P called also sedimentary rocks. +A7queOousOness, n. Wateriness. +AOquif6erOous (?), a. [L. aqua water + Oferous.] Consisting +or conveying water or a watery fluid; as, aquiferous +vessels; the aquiferous system. +A6quiOform (?), a. [L. aqua water + Oform.] Having the form +of water. +X Aq6uiOla (?), n; pl. Aquil (?). [L., an eagle.] 1. +(Zol.) A genus of eagles. +2. (Astron.) A northern constellation southerly from Lyra +and Cygnus and preceding the Dolphin; the Eagle. +w alba [L., white eagle], an alchemical name of calomel. +Brande & C. +Aq6uiOla7ted (?), a. (Her.) Adorned with eagles' heads. +Aq6uiOline (?; 277), a. [L. aquilinus, fr. aquila eagle: cf. +F. aquilin. See Eagle. ] 1. Belonging to or like an eagle. +2. Curving; hooked; prominent, like the beak of an eagle; P +applied particularly to the nose +Terribly arched and aquiline his nose. +Cowper. +Aq6uiOlon (?), n. [L. aquilo, Olonis: cf. F. aquilon.] The +north wind. [Obs.] +Shak. +AOquip6aOrous (?), a. [L. aqua water + parere to bring +forth.] (Med.) Secreting water; P applied to certain glands. +Dunglison. +Aq7uiOta6niOan (?), a. Of or pertaining to Aquitania, now +called Gascony. +AOquose6 (?), a. [L. aquosus watery, fr. aqua. See Aqua, +Aqueous.] Watery; aqueous. [R.] +Bailey. +AOquos6iOty (?), n. [LL. aquositas.] The condition of being +wet or watery; wateriness. +Huxley. +Very little water or aquosity is found in their belly. +Holland. +Ar (?), conj. Ere; before. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +X A6ra (?), n. [L.] (Astron.) The Altar; a southern +constellation, south of the tail of the Scorpion. +X A6ra (?), n. [Native Indian name.] (Zol.) A name of the +great blue and yellow macaw (Ara ararauna), native of South +America. +Ar6ab (?; 277), n. [Prob. ultimately fr. Heb. arabah a +desert, the name employed, in the Old Testament, to denote +the valley of the Jordan and Dead Sea. Ar. Arab, Heb. arabi, +arbi, arbim: cf. F. Arabe, L. Arabs, Gr. ?.] One of a +swarthy race occupying Arabia, and numerous in Syria, +Northern Africa, etc. +Street w, a homeless vagabond in the streets of a city, +particularly and outcast boy or girl. +Tylor. +The ragged outcasts and street Arabs who are shivering in +damp doorways. +Lond. Sat. Rev. +Ar7aObesque6 (?), n. [F. arabesque, fr. It. arabesco, fr. +Arabo Arab.] A style of ornamentation either painted, +inlaid, or carved in low relief. It consists of a pattern in +which plants, fruits, foliage, etc., as well as figures of +men and animals, real or imaginary, are fantastically +interlaced or put together. +5 It was employed in Roman imperial ornamentation, and +appeared, without the animal figures, in Moorish and Arabic +decorative art. (See Moresque.) The arabesques of the +Renaissance were founded on GrecoPRoman work. +Ar7aObesque6, a. 1. Arabian. [Obs.] +2. Relating to, or exhibiting, the style of ornament called +arabesque; as, arabesque frescoes. +Ar7aObesqued6 (?), a. Ornamented in the style of arabesques. +AOra6biOan (?), a. Of or pertaining to Arabia or its +inhabitants. +w bird, the phenix. +Shak. +AOra6biOan, n. A native of Arabia; an Arab. +Ar6aObic (?), a. [L. Arabicus, fr. Arabia.] Of or pertaining +to Arabia or the Arabians. +w numerals or figures, the nine digits, 1, 2, 3, etc., and +the cipher 0. P Gum ~. See under Gum. +Ar6aObic, n. The language of the Arabians. +5 The Arabic is a Semitic language, allied to the Hebrew. It +is very widely diffused, being the language in which all +Mohammedans must read the Koran, and is spoken as a +vernacular tongue in Arabia, Syria, and Northern Africa. +AOrab6icOal (?), a. Relating to Arabia; Arabic. P +AOrab6icOalOly, adv. +Ar6aObin (?), n. 1. (Chem.) A carbohydrate, isomeric with +cane sugar, contained in gum arabic, from which it is +extracted as a white, amorphous substance. +2. Mucilage, especially that made of gum arabic. +Ar6aObinOose7 (?), n. (Chem.) A sugar of the composition +C5H10O5, obtained from cherry gum by boiling it with dilute +sulphuric acid. +Ar6aObism (?), n. [Cf. F. Arabisme.] An Arabic idiom +peculiarly of language. +Stuart. +Ar7aObist (?), n. [Cf. F. Arabiste.] One well versed in the +Arabic language or literature; also, formerly, one who +followed the Arabic system of surgery. +Ar6aOble (?), a. [F. arable, L. arabilis, fr. arare to plow, +akin to Gr. ?, E. ear, to plow. See Earable.] Fit for +plowing or tillage; P hence, often applied to land which has +been plowed or tilled. +Ar6aOble, n. w land; plow land. +Ar6aOby (?), n. The country of Arabia. [Archaic & Poetic] +X Ar7aOcaOnese6 (?), a. Of or pertaining to Aracan, a +province of British Burmah. P n. sing. & pl. A native or +natives of Aracan. +X A7raO?a6ri (?), n. (Zol.) A South American bird, of the +genus Pleroglossius, allied to the toucans. There are +several species. +AOrace6 (?), v. t. [OE. aracen, arasen, OF. arachier, +esracier, F. arracher, fr. L. exradicare, eradicare. The +prefix aO is perh. due to L. ab. See Eradicate.] To tear up +by the roots; to draw away. [Obs.] +Wyatt. +AOra6ceous (?), a. [L. arum a genus of plants, fr. Gr. ?.] +(Bot.) Of or pertaining to an order of plants, of which the +genus Arum is the type. +AOrach6nid (?), n. An arachnidan. +Huxley. +X AOrach6niOda (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? spider.] (Zol.) +One of the classes of Arthropoda. See Illustration in +Appendix. +5 They have four pairs of legs, no antenn nor wings, a pair +of mandibles, and one pair of maxill or palpi. The head is +usually consolidated with the thorax. The respiration is +either by tranche or by pulmonary sacs, or by both. The +class includes three principal orders: Araneina, or spiders; +Arthrogastra, including scorpions, etc.; and Acarina, or +mites and ticks. +AOrach6niOdan (?), n. [Gr. ? spider.] (Zol.) One of the +Arachnida. +Ar7achOnid6iOal (?), a. (Zol.) (a) Of or pertaining to the +Arachnida. (b) Pertaining to the arachnidium. +X Ar7achOnid6iOum (?), n. [NL. See Arachnida.] (Zol.) The +glandular organ in which the material for the web of spiders +is secreted. +X Ar7achOni6tis (?), n. [Gr. ? + ?.] (Med.) Inflammation of +the arachnoid membrane. +AOrach6noid (?), a. [Gr. ? like a cobweb; ? spider, spider's +web + ? form.] 1. Resembling a spider's web; cobweblike. +2. (Anat.) Pertaining to a thin membrane of the brain and +spinal cord, between the dura mater and pia mater. +3. (Bot.) Covered with, or composed of, soft, loose hairs or +fibers, so as to resemble a cobweb; cobwebby. +AOrach6noid, n. 1. (Anat.) The ~ membrane. +2. (Zol.) One of the Arachnoidea. +Ar7achOnoid6al (?), a. (Anat.) Pertaining to the arachnoid +membrane; arachnoid. +X Ar7achOnoid6eOa (?), n. pl. [NL.] (Zol.) Same as +Arachnida. +AOrach7noOlog6icOal (?), a. Of or pertaining to arachnology. +Ar7achOnol6oOgist (?), n. One who is versed in, or studies, +arachnology. +Ar7achOnol6oOgy (?), n. [Gr. ? spider + Ology.] The +department of zology which treats of spiders and other +Arachnida. +A7rOom6eOter (?; 277). See Areometer. +AOr6oOstyle (?), a. & n. [L. araeostylos, Gr. ?; ? at +intervals + ? pillar, column.] (Arch.) See +Intercolumniation. +AOr7oOsys6tyle (?), a. & n. [Gr. ? as intervals + ?. See +Systyle.] (Arch.) See Intercolumniation. +Ar7aOgoOnese (?), a. Of or pertaining to Aragon, in Spain, +or to its inhabitants. P n. sing. & pl. A native or natives +of Aragon, in Spain. +AOrag6oOnite (?), n. [From Aragon, in Spain.] (Min.) A +mineral identical in composition with calcite or carbonate +of lime, but differing from it in its crystalline form and +some of its physical characters. +X A7raOgua6to (?), n. [Native name.] (Zol.) A South +American monkey, the ursine howler (Mycetes ursinus). See +Howler, n., 2. +AOraise66 (?), v. t. To raise. [Obs.] +Shak. +Ar6ak (?), n. Same as Arrack. +Ar7aOman, Ar7aOme6an } (?), a. [L. Aramaeus, Gr. ?, fr. +Heb. Ar>m, i. e. Highland, a name given to Syria and +Mesopotamia.] Of or pertaining to the Syrians and Chaldeans, +or to their language; Aramaic. P n. A native of Aram. +Ar7aOma6ic (?), a. [See Araman, a.] Pertaining to Aram, or +to the territory, inhabitants, language, or literature of +Syria and Mesopotamia; Araman; P specifically applied to +the northern branch of the Semitic family of languages, +including Syriac and Chaldee. P n. The Aramaic language. +Ar7aOma6ism (?), n. An idiom of the Aramaic. +X Ar7aOne6iOda (?), X Ar7aOneOoid6eOa (?), } n. pl. [NL.] +(Zol.) See Araneina. +Ar7aOne6iOdan (?), a. (Zol.) Of or pertaining to the +Araneina or spiders. P n. One of the Araneina; a spider. +Ar7aOne6iOform (?)(?) a. [L. aranea spider + Oform.] (Zol.) +Having the form of a spider. +Kirby. +X AOra7neOi6na (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. L. aranea spider.] +(Zol.) The order of Arachnida that includes the spiders. +5 They have mandibles, modified a poison fa?gs, leglike +palpi, simple eyes, abdomen without segments, and spinnerets +for spinning a web. They breathe by pulmonary sacs and +trache in the abdomen. See Illustration in Appendix. +AOra6neOose7 , a. [L. araneous.] Of the aspect of a spider's +web; arachnoid. +AOra6neOous (?), a. [L. araneosus, fr. aranea spider, +spider6s web.] Cobweblike; extremely thin and delicate, like +a cobweb; as, the araneous membrane of the eye. See +Arachnoid. +Derham. + + <-- p. 77 --> + +X AOran6go (?), n. pl. Arangoes (?). [The native name.] A +bead of rough carnelian. Arangoes were formerly imported +from Bombay for use in the African slave trade. +M?Culloch. +X A7raOpai6ma (?), n. [Prob. native name.] (Zol.) A large +freshPwater food fish of South America. +X AOra6ra (?), n. [Native name.] (Zol.) The palm (or great +black) cockatoo, of Australia (Microglossus aterrimus). +AOra6tion (?), n. [L. aratio, fr. arare to plow.] Plowing; +tillage. [R.] +Lands are said to be in a state of aration when they are +under tillage. +Brande. +Ar6aOtoOry (?), a. [LL. aratorius: cf. F. aratoire.] +Contributing to tillage. +X Ar7auOca6riOa (?), n. [Araucania, a territory south of +Chili.] (Bot.) A genus of tall conifers of the pine family. +The species are confined mostly to South America and +Australia. ?he wood cells differ from those of other in +having the dots in their lateral surfaces in two or three +rows, and the dots of contiguous rows alternating. The seeds +are edible. +Ar7auOca6riOan (?), a. Relating to, or of the nature of, the +Araucaria. The earliest conifers in geological history were +mostly w. +Dana. +Ar6baOlest (?), Ar6baOlist (?), } n. [OF. arbaleste, LL. +arbalista, for L. arcuballista; arcus bow + ballista a +military engine. See Ballista.] (Antiq.) A crossbow, +consisting of a steel bow set in a shaft of wood, furnished +with a string and a trigger, and a mechanical device for +bending the bow. It served to throw arrows, darts, bullets, +etc. [Written also arbalet and arblast.] + Fosbroke. +Ar6baOlest7er (?), Ar6baOlist7er (?), } n. [OF. arblastere, +OF. arbalestier. See Arbalest.] A crossbowman. [Obs.] +Speed. +Ar6biOter (?), n. [L. arbiter; arO (for ad) + the root of +betere to go; hence properly, one who comes up to look on.] +1. A person appointed, or chosen, by parties to determine a +controversy between them. +5 In modern usage, arbitrator is the technical word. +2. Any person who has the power of judging and determining, +or ordaining, without control; one whose power of deciding +and governing is not limited. +For Jove is arbiter of both to man. +Cowper. +Syn. - Arbitrator; umpire; director; referee; controller; +ruler; governor. +Ar6biOter, v. t. To act as ~ between. [Obs.] +Ar6biOtraOble (?), a. [Cf. F. arbitrable, fr. L. arbitrari. +See Arbitrate, v. t.] Capable of being decided by +arbitration; determinable. [Archaic] +Bp. Hall. +Ar6biOtrage (?), n. [F., fr. arbiter to give judgment, L. +arbitrari.] 1. Judgment by an arbiter; authoritative +determination. [Archaic] +2. (Com) A traffic in bills of exchange (see Arbitration of +Exchange); also, a traffic in stocks which bear differing +values at the same time in different markets. +Ar6biOtral (?), a. [L. arbitralis.] Of or relating to an +arbiter or an arbitration. [R.] +ArObit6raOment (?), n. [LL. arbitramentum.] 1. +Determination; decision; arbitration. +The arbitrament of time. +Everett. +Gladly at this moment would MacIvor have put their quarrel +to personal arbitrament. +Sir W. Scott. +2. The award of arbitrators. +Cowell. +Ar6biOtraOriOly (?), adv. In an arbitrary manner; by will +only; despotically; absolutely. +Ar6biOtraOriOness, n. The quality of being arbitrary; +despoticalness; tyranny. +Bp. Hall. +Ar7biOtra6riOous (?), a. [L. arbitrarius. See Arbitrary.] +Arbitrary; despotic. [Obs.] P Ar7biOtra6OriOousOly, adv. +[Obs.] +Ar6biOtraOry (?), a. [L. arbitrarius, fr. arbiter: cf. F. +arbitraire. See Arbiter.] 1. Depending on will or +discretion; not governed by any fixed rules; as, an +arbitrary decision; an arbitrary punishment. +It was wholly arbitrary in them to do so. +Jer. Taylor. +Rank pretends to fix the value of every one, and is the most +arbitrary of all things. +Landor. +2. Exercised according to one's own will or caprice, and +therefore conveying a notion of a tendency to abuse the +possession of power. +Arbitrary power is most easily established on the ruins of +liberty abused licentiousness. +Washington. +3. Despotic; absolute in power; bound by no law; harsh and +unforbearing; tyrannical; as, an arbitrary prince or +government. +Dryden. + +w constant, w function (Math.), a quantity of function that +is introduced into the solution of a problem, and to which +any value or form may at will be given, so that the solution +may be made to meet special requirements. P w quantity +(Math.), one to which any value can be assigned at pleasure. +Ar6biOtrate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Arbitrated (?); p. pr. +& vb. n. Arbitrating (?).] [L. arbitratus, p. p. of +arbitrari to be a hearer or beholder of something, to make a +decision, to give judgment, fr. arbiter. See Arbiter.] 1. To +hear and decide, as arbitrators; as, to choose to arbitrate +a disputed case. +2. To decide, or determine generally. +South. +There shall your swords and lances arbitrate +The swelling difference of your settled hate. +Shak. +Ar6biOtrate (?), v. i. 1. To decide; to determine. +Shak. +2. To act as arbitrator or judge; as, to arbitrate upon +several reports;; to arbitrate in disputes among heighbors; +to arbitrate between parties to a suit. +Ar7biOtra6tion (?), n. [F. arbitration, L. arbitratio, fr. +arbitrari.] The hearing and determination of a cause between +parties in controversy, by a person or persons chosen by the +parties. +5 This may be done by one person; but it is usual to choose +two or three called arbitrators; or for each party to choose +one, and these to name a third, who is called the umpire. +Their determination is called the award. +Bouvier +w bond, a bond which obliges one to abide by the award of an +~. P w of Exchange, the operation of converting the currency +of one country into that of another, or determining the rate +of exchange between such countries or currencies. An +arbitrated rate is one determined by such ~ through the +medium of one or more intervening currencies. +Ar6biOtra7tor (?), n. [L., fr. arbitrari: cf. F. +arbitrateur.] 1. A person, or one of two or more persons, +chosen by parties who have a controversy, to determine their +differences. See Arbitration. +2. One who has the power of deciding or prescribing without +control; a ruler; a governor. +Though Heaven be shut, +And Heaven's high Arbitrators sit secure. +Milton. +Masters of their own terms and arbitrators of a peace. +Addison. +Syn. - Judge; umpire; referee; arbiter. See Judge. +Ar6biOtra7trix (?), n. [L., fem. of arbitrator.] A female +who arbitrates or judges. +Ar6biOtress (?), n. [From Arbiter.] A female arbiter; an +arbitratrix. +Milton. + +Ar6blast (?), n. A crossbow. See Arbalest. +Ar6bor (?), n. [OE. herber, herbere, properly a garden of +herbs, F. herbier, fr. L. herbarium. See Herb, and cf. +Herbarium.] A kind of latticework formed of, or covered +with, vines, branches of trees, or other plants, for shade; +a bower. +Sir P. Sidney. +Ar6bor, n. [Written also arbour.] [L., a tree, a beam.] 1. +(Bot.) A tree, as distinguished from a shrub. +2. [Cf. F. arbre.] (Mech.) (a) An axle or spindle of a wheel +or opinion. (b) A mandrel in lathe turning. +Knight. +w Day, a day appointed for planting trees and shrubs. [U.S.] +Ar6boOraOry (?), a. [L. arborarius, fr. arbor tree.] Of or +pertaining to trees; arboreal. +Ar6boOra7tor (?), n. [L., fr. arbor tree.] One who plants or +who prunes trees. [Obs.] +Evelyn. +X Ar6bor DiOa6n (?). [L., the tree of Diana, or silver.] +(Chem.) A precipitation of silver, in a beautiful +arborescent form. +ArObo6reOal (?), a. 1. Of or pertaining to a tree, or to +trees; of nature of trees. +Cowley. +2. Attached to, found in or upon, or frequenting, woods or +trees; as, arboreal animals. +Woodpeckers are eminently arboreal. +Darwin. +Ar6bored (?), a. Furnished with an arbor; lined with trees. +=An arboreal walk.8 +Pollok. +ArObo6reOous (?), a. [L. arboreous, fr. arbor tree.] 1. +Having the form, constitution, or habits, of a proper tree, +in distinction from a shrub. +Loudon. +2. Pertaining to, or growing on, trees; as, arboreous moss. +Quincy. +Ar7boOres6cence (?), n. The state of being arborescent; the +resemblance to a tree in minerals, or crystallizations, or +groups of crystals in that form; as, the arborescence +produced by precipitating silver. +Ar7boOres6cent (?), a. [L. arborescens, p. pr. of +arborescere to become a tree, fr. arbor tree.] Resembling a +tree; becoming woody in stalk; dendritic; having +crystallizations disposed like the branches and twigs of a +tree. =Arborescent hollyhocks.8 +Evelyn. +Ar6boOret (?), n. [OF. arboret, dim. of arbre tree, L. +arbor] A small tree or shrub. [Obs.] +Spenser. +Among thickPwoven arborets, and flowers +Imbordered on each bank. +Milton. +X Ar7boOre6tum (?), n.; pl. Arboreta (?). [L., a place grown +with trees.] A place in which a collection of rare trees and +shrubs is cultivated for scientific or educational purposes. +ArObor6icOal (?), a. Relating to trees. [Obs.] +ArObor6iOcole (?), a. [L. arbor + colere to inhabit.] +(Zol.) TreePinhabiting; P said of certain birds. +Ar7borOiOcul6turOal (?), a. Pertaining to arboriculture. +Loudon. +Ar7borOiOcul6ture (?; 135), n. [L. arbor tree + cultura. See +Culture.] The cultivation of trees and shrubs, chiefly for +timber or for ornamental purposes. +Ar7borOiOcul6turOist, n. One who cultivates trees. +ArObor6iOform (?), a. Treelike in shape. +Ar6borOist (?), n. [F. arboriste, fr. L. arbor tree.] One +who makes trees his study, or who is versed in the knowledge +of trees. +Howell. +Ar7borOiOza6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. arborisation, fr. L. arbor +tree.] The appearance or figure of a tree or plant, as in +minerals or fossils; a dendrite. +Ar6borOized (?), a. Having a treelike appearance. =An +arborized or moss agate.8 +Wright. +Ar6borOous (?), a. Formed by trees. [Obs.] +From under shady, arborous roof. +Milton. +Ar6bor vine7 (?). A species of bindweed. +X Ar6bor vi6t (?). [L., tree of life.] 1. (Bot.) An +evergreen tree of the cypress tribe, genus Thuja. The +American species is the T. occidentalis. +2. (Anat.) The treelike disposition of the gray and white +nerve tissues in the cerebellum, as seen in a vertical +section. +Ar6busOcle (?), n. [L. arbuscula small tree, shrub, dim. of +arbor tree.] A dwarf tree, one in size between a shrub and a +tree; a treelike shrub. +Bradley. +ArObus6cuOlar (?), a. Of or pertaining to a dwarf tree; +shrublike. +Da Costa. +ArObus6tive (?), a. [L. arbustivus, fr. arbustum place where +trees are planted.] Containing copses of trees or shrubs; +covered with shrubs. +Bartram. +Ar6buOtus (?), Ar6bute (?), } n. [L. arbutus, akin to arbor +tree.] The strawberry tree, a genus of evergreen shrubs, of +the Heath family. It has a berry externally resembling the +strawberry; the arbute tree. +Trailing arbutus (Bot.), a creeping or trailing plant of the +Heath family (Epiga repens), having white or usually +rosePcolored flowers with a delicate fragrance, growing in +small axillary clusters, and appearing early in the spring; +in New England known as mayflower; P called also ground +laurel. +Gray. +Arc (?), n. [F. arc, L. arcus bow, ~. See Arch, n.] 1. +(Geom.) A portion of a curved line; as, the arc of a circle +or of an ellipse. +2. A curvature in the shape of a circular ~ or an arch; as, +the colored arc (the rainbow); the arc of Hadley's quadrant. +3. An arch. [Obs.] +Statues and trophies, and triumphal arcs. +Milton. +4. The apparent ~ described, above or below the horizon, by +the sun or other celestial body. The diurnal arc is +described during the daytime, the nocturnal arc during the +night. +Electric ~, Voltaic ~. See under Voltaic. +ArOcade6 (?), n. [F. arcade, Sp. arcada, LL. arcata, fr. L. +arcus bow, arch.] 1. (Arch.) (a) A series of arches with +the columns or piers which support them, the spandrels +above, and other necessary appurtenances; sometimes open, +serving as an entrance or to give light; sometimes closed at +the back (as in the cut) and forming a decorative feature. +(b) A long, arched building or gallery. +2. An arched or covered passageway or avenue. +ArOcad6ed (?), a. Furnished with an arcade. +ArOca6diOa (?), n. [L. Arcadia, Gr. ?.] 1. A mountainous and +picturesque district of Greece, in the heart of the +Peloponnesus, whose people were distinguished for +contentment and rural happiness. +2. Fig.: Any region or scene of simple pleasure and +untroubled quiet. +Where the cow is, there is Arcadia. +J. Burroughs. +ArOca6diOan (?), ArOca6dic (?), } a. [L. Arcadius, +Arcadicus, fr. Arcadia: cf. F. Arcadien, Arcadique.] Of or +pertaining to Arcadia; pastoral; ideally rural; as, Arcadian +simplicity or scenery. +ArOcane6 (?), a. [L. arcanus.] Hidden; secret. [Obs.] =The +arcane part of divine wisdom.8 +Berkeley. +X ArOca6num (?), n.; pl. Arcana (?). [L., fr. arcanus +closed, secret, fr. arca chest, box, fr. arcere to inclose. +See Ark.] 1. A secret; a mystery; P generally used in the +plural. +Inquiries into the arcana of the Godhead. +Warburton. +2. (Med.) A secret remedy; an elixir. +Dunglison. +X Arc7Obou7tant6 (?), n. [F.] (Arch.) A flying buttress. +Gwilt. +Arch (?), n. [F. arche, fr. LL. arca, for arcus. See Arc.] +1. (Geom.) Any part of a curved line. +2. (Arch.) (a) Usually a curved member made up of separate +wedgePshaped solids, with the joints between them disposed +in the direction of the radii of the curve; used to support +the wall or other weight above an opening. In this sense +arches are segmental, round (i. e., semicircular), or +pointed. (b) A flat arch is a member constructed of stones +cut into wedges or other shapes so as to support each other +without rising a curve. +5 Scientifically considered, the ~ is a means of spanning an +opening by resolving vertical pressure into horizontal or +diagonal thrust. +3. Any place covered by an ~; an archway; as, to pass into +the arch of a bridge. +4. Any curvature in the form of an ~; as, the arch of the +aorta. =Colors of the showery arch.8 +Milton. +Triumphal ~, a monumental structure resembling an arched +gateway, with one or more passages, erected to commemorate a +triumph. +Arch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Arched (?); p. pr. & vb. n. +Arching.] 1. To cover with an ~ or arches. +2. To form or bend into the shape of an ~. +The horse arched his neck. +Charlesworth. +Arch, v. i. To form into an arch; to curve. + + <-- p. 78 --> + +ArchO (rchO, except in archangel and one or two other +words). [L. archO, Gr. ???. See ArchO.] A prefix signifying +chief, as in archbuilder, archfiend. +Arch (?), a. [See ArchO, pref.] 1. Chief; eminent; greatest +; principal. +The most arch act of piteous massacre. +Shak. +2. Cunning or sly; sportively mischievous; roguish; as, an +arch look, word, lad. +[He] spoke his request with so arch a leer. +Tatler. +Arch, n. [See ArchO, pref.] A chief. [Obs.] +My worthy arch and patron comes toPnight. +Shak. +Oarch (?). [Gr. ? chief, commander, ? to rule. See Arch, a.] +A suffix meaning a ruler, as in monarch (a sole ruler). +ArOch6an (?), a. [Gr. ? ancient, fr. ? beginning.] Ancient; +pertaining to the earliest period in geological history. +ArOch6an, n. (Geol.) The earliest period in geological +period, extending up to the Lower Silurian. It includes an +Azoic age, previous to the appearance of life, and an Eozoic +age, including the earliest forms of life. +5 This is equivalent to the formerly accepted term Azoic, +and to the Eozoic of Dawson. +Ar7chOog6raOphy (?), n. [Gr. ? ancient + Ography.] A +description of, or a treatise on, antiquity or antiquities. +Ar7chOoOlith6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? ancient + ? pertaining to a +stone.] (Archol.) Of or pertaining to the earliest Stone +age; P applied to a prehistoric period preceding the +Paleolithic age. +Ar7chOoOlo6giOan (?), n. An archologist. +Ar7chOoOlog6ic (?), Ar7chOoOlog6icOal (?), } Relating to +archology, or antiquities; as, archological researches. P +Ar7OchOoOlog6icOalOly, adv. +Ar7chOol6oOgist (?), n. One versed in archology; an +antiquary. +Wright. +Ar7chOol6oOgy (?), n. [Gr. ?; ? ancient (fr. ? beginning) + +? discourse, ? to speak.] The science or study of +antiquities, esp. prehistoric antiquities, such as the +remains of buildings or monuments of an early epoch, +inscriptions, implements, and other relics, written +manuscripts, etc. +X Ar7chOop6teOryx (?), n. [Gr. ? ancient + ? wing.] +(Paleon.) A fossil bird, of the Jurassic period, remarkable +for having a long tapering tail of many vertebr with +feathers along each side, and jaws armed with teeth, with +other reptilian characteristics. +Ar7chOoOstom6aOtous (?), a. [Gr. ? ancient + ? mouth.] +(Biol.) Applied to a gastrula when the blastorope does not +entirely up. +Ar7chOoOzo6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? ancient + ? animal.] (Zol.) +Like or belonging to the earliest forms of animal life. +ArOcha6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? oldPfashioned, fr. ? ancient.] Of +or characterized by antiquity or archaism; antiquated; +obsolescent. +ArOcha6icOal (?), a. Archaic. [R.] P ArOcha6icOalOly, adv. +Ar6chaOism (?), n. [Gr. ?, fr. ? ancient, fr. ? beginning: +cf. F. archa sme. See Arch, a.] 1. An ancient, antiquated, +or oldPfashioned, word, expression, or idiom; a word or form +of speech no longer in common use. +2. Antiquity of style or use; obsoleteness. +A select vocabulary corresponding (in point of archaism and +remoteness from ordinary use) to our Scriptural vocabulary. +De Quincey. +Ar6chaOist, n. 1. Am antiquary. +2. One who uses archaisms. +Ar7chaOis6tic (?), a. Like, or imitative of, anything +archaic; pertaining to an archaism. +Ar6chaOize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Archaized (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Archaizing.] [Gr. ?.] To make appear archaic or +antique. +Mahaffy. +Arch7an6gel (?), n. [L. archangelus, Gr. ?: cf. OF. +archangel, F. archange. See ArchO, pref., and Angel.] 1. A +chief angel; one high in the celestial hierarchy. +Milton. +2. (Bot.) A term applied to several different species of +plants (Angelica archangelica, Lamium album, etc.). +Arch7anOgel6ic (?), a. [Cf. F. archanglique.] Of or +pertaining to archangels; of the nature of, or resembling, +an archangel. +Milton. + +Arch7bish6op (?), n. [AS. arcebisceop, arcebiscop, L. +archiepiscopus, fr. Gr. ?. See Bishop.] A chief bishop; a +church dignitary of the first class (often called a +metropolitan or primate) who superintends the conduct of the +suffragan bishops in his province, and also exercises +episcopal authority in his own diocese. +Arch7bish6opOric (?), n. [AS. arcebiscoprFce. See Oric.] The +jurisdiction or office of an archbishop; the see or province +over which archbishop exercises archiepiscopal authority. +Arch6 brick7 (?). A wedgePshaped brick used in the building +of an arch. +Arch7but6ler (?), n. [Pref. archO + butler.] A chief butler; +P an officer of the German empire. +Arch7cham6berOlain (?), n. [Cf. G. erzkmmerer. See ArchO, +pref.] A chief chamberlain; P an officer of the old German +empire, whose office was similar to that of the great +chamberlain in England. +Arch7chan6celOlor (?), n. [Cf. Ger. erzkanzler. See ArchO, +pref.] A chief chancellor; P an officer in the old German +empire, who presided over the secretaries of the court. +Arch7chem6ic (?), a. Of supreme chemical powers. [R.] =The +archchemic sun.8 +Milton. + +Arch7dea6con (?), n. [AS. arcediacon, archidiacon, L. +archidiaconus, fr. Gr. ?. See ArchO, pref., and Deacon.] In +England, an ecclesiastical dignitary, next in rank below a +bishop, whom he assists, and by whom he is appointed, though +with independent authority. +Blackstone. +Arch7dea6conOry, n. The district, office, or residence of an +archdeacon. See Benefice. +Every diocese is divided into archdeaconries. +Blackstone. +Arch7dea6conOship, n. The office of an archdeacon. +Arch7di6oOcese (?), n. [Pref. archO + diocese.] The diocese +of an archbishop. +Arch7du6cal (?), a. Of or pertaining to an archduke or +archduchy. +Arch7duch6ess (?), n. [Pref. archO + duchess.] The consort +of an archduke; also, a princess of the imperial family of +Austria. See Archduke. +Arch7duch6y, n. The territory of an archduke or archduchess. +Ash. +Arch7duke6 (?), n. [Pref. archO + duke.] A prince of the +imperial family of Austria. +5 Formerly this title was assumed by the rulers of Lorraine, +Brabant, Austria, etc. It is now appropriated to the +descendants of the imperial family of Austria through the +make line, all such male descendants being styled archduke, +and all such female descendants archduchesses. +Arch7duke6dom (?), n. An archduchy. +X Ar7cheObiOo6sis (?), n. [Pref. archeO ? archiO + Gr. ?, ?, +life.] To origination of living matter from nonPliving. See +Abiogenesis. +Bastian. +Arched (?), a. Made with an arch or curve; covered with an +arch; as, an arched door. +Ar7cheOgo6niOal (?), a. Relating to the archegonium. +X Ar7cheOgo6niOum (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? the first of a +race.] (Bot.) The pistillidium or female organ in the higher +cryptogamic plants, corresponding to the pistil in flowering +plants. +ArOcheg6oOny (?), n. [See Archegonium.] (Biol.) Spontaneous +generation; abiogenesis. +ArOchel6oOgy (?), n. [Gr. ? an element or first principle + +Ology.] The science of, or a treatise on, first principles. +Fleming. +X Ar7chenOceph6aOla (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. pref. ? + ? +the brain.] (Zol.) The division that includes man alone. +R. Owen. +Arch7en6eOmy (?), n. [Pref. archO = enemy.] A principal +enemy. Specifically, Satan, the grand adversary of mankind. +Milton. +Arch7enOter6ic (?), a. (Biol.) Relating ? the archenteron; +as, archenteric invagination. +X Arch7en6terOon , n. [Pref. archO + Gr. ? intestine.] +(Biol.) The primitive enteron or undifferentiated digestive +sac of a gastrula or other embryo. See Illust. under +Invagination. +Ar7cheOol6oOgy (?), n., Ar7cheOoOlog7icOal (?), a. Same as +Archology, etc. +Arch6er (?), n. [OF. archier, F. archer, LL. arcarius, fr. +L. arcus bow. See Arc, Arch, n.] A bowman, one skilled in +the use of the bow and arrow. +Arch6erOess (?), n. A female archer. +Markham. +Arch6er fish7 (?). (Zol.) A small fish (Toxotes jaculator), +of the East Indies; P so called from ?? ejecting drops of +water from its mouth at its prey. The name is also applied +to Chtodon rostratus. +Arch6erOship, n. The art or skill of an archer. +Arch6erOy (?), n. [OE. archerie.] 1. The use of the bow and +arrows in battle, hunting, etc.; the art, practice, or skill +of shooting with a bow and arrows. +2. Archers, or bowmen, collectively. +Let all our archery fall off +In wings of shot aPboth sides of the van. +Webster (1607). +Arch6es (?), pl. of Arch, n. +Court of w, or w Court (Eng. Law), the court of appeal of +the Archbishop of Canterbury, whereof the judge, who sits as +deputy to the archbishop, is called the Dean of the Arches, +because he anciently held his court in the church of St. +MaryPlePBow (de arcubus). It is now held in Westminster. +Mozley & W. +Ar6cheOty7pal (?), a. Of or pertaining to an archetype; +consisting a model (real or ideal) or pattern; original. +=One archetypal mind.8 +Gudworth. +5 Among Platonists, the archetypal world is the world as it +existed as an idea of God before the creation. +Ar6cheOty7palOly, adv. With reference to the archetype; +originally. =Parts archetypally distinct.= +Dana. +Ar6cheOtype (?), n. [L. archetypum, Gr. ?, fr. ? stamped +first and as model; ? ? + ? stamp, figure, pattern, ? to +strike: cf. F. archtype. See ArchO, pref.] 1. The original +pattern or model of a work; or the model from which a thing +is made or formed. +The House of Commons, the archetype of all the +representative assemblies which now meet. +Macaulay. +Types and shadows of that glorious archetype that was to +come into the world. +South. +2. (Coinage) The standard weight or coin by which others are +adjusted. +3. (Biol.) The plan or fundamental structure on which a +natural group of animals or plants or their systems of +organs are assumed to have been constructed; as, the +vertebrate archetype. +Ar7cheOtyp6icOal (?), a. Relating to an archetype; +archetypal. +X ArOche6us (?), n. [LL. arch?us, Gr. ? ancient, primeval, +fr. ? beginning. See ArchiO, pref.] The vital principle or +force which (according to the Paracelsians) presides over +the growth and continuation of living beings; the anima +mundi or plastic power of the old philosophers. [Obs.] +Johnson. +Ar6chiO (?). [L., archiO, Gr. ?, a prefix which is from the +same root as ? to be first, to begin; ? the first place, +beginning; ? chief. Cf. AS. arceO, erceO, OHG. erziO.] A +prefix signifying chief, arch; as, architect, +archiepiscopal. In Biol. and Anat. it usually means +primitive, original, ancestral; as, archipterygium, the +primitive fin or wing. +X Ar7chiOanOnel6iOda (?), n. pl. [NL.; pref. archiO + +annelida.] (Zol.) A group of Annelida remarkable for having +no external segments or distinct ventral nerve ganglions. +Ar6chiOa7ter (?), n. [L. archiatrus, Gr. ?; pref. ? + ? +physician, ? to heal.] Chief physician; P a term applied, on +the continent of Europe, to the first or body physician of +princes and to the first physician of some cities. +P. Cyc. +X Ar7chiOblas6tuOla (?), n. [Pref. archi + blastula.] +(Biol.) A hollow blastula, supposed to be the primitive +form; a c?loblastula. +Ar6chiOcal (?), a. [Gr. ? able to govern, fr. ? beginning, +government. See ArchO, pref.] Chief; primary; primordi?.] +[Obs.] +Cudworth. +Ar7chiOdiOac6oOnal (?), a. [L. archidiaconus, Gr. ?, equiv. +to E. archdeacon.] Of or pertaining to an archdeacon. +This offense is liable to be censured in an archidiaconal +visitation. +Johnson. +Ar7chiOeOpis6coOpaOcy (?), n. [Pref. archiO + episcopacy.] +1. That form of episcopacy in which the chief power is in +the hands of archbishops. +2. The state or dignity of an archbishop. +Ar7chiOeOpis6coOpal (?), a. [Pref. archiO + episcopal.] Of +or pertaining to an archbishop; as, Canterbury is an +archiepiscopal see. +Ar7chiOeOpis7coOpal6iOty (?), n. The station or dignity of +an archbishop; archiepiscopacy. +Fuller. +Ar7chiOeOpis6coOpate (?), n. [Pref. archiO + episcopate.] +The office of an archbishop; an archbishopric. +X ArOchi6eOrey (?), n. [Russ. archieri, fr. Gr. ?; pref. ? +(E. archO) + 5 priest.] The higher order of clergy in +Russia, including metropolitans, archbishops, and bishops. +Pinkerton. +Ar6chil (?; 277), n. [OF. orchel, orcheil, It. orcella, +oricello, or OSp. orchillo. Cf. Orchil.] 1. A viole?dye +obtained from several species of lichen (Roccella tinctoria, +etc.), which grow on maritime rocks in the Canary and Cape +Verd Islands, etc. +Tomlinson. +2. The plant from which the dye is obtained. +[Written also orchal and orchil.] +Ar7chiOlo6chiOan (?), a. [L. Archilochius.] Of or pertaining +to the satiric Greek poet Archilochus; as, Archilochian +meter. +Ar6chiOmage (?), X Ar7chiOma6gus (?), } n. [NL.; pref. +archiO + L. magus, Gr. ?, a Magian.] 1. The high priest of +the Persian Magi, or worshipers of fire. +2. A great magician, wizard, or enchanter. +Spenser. +Ar7chiOman6drite (?), n. [L. archimandrita, LGr. ?; pref. ? +(E. archO) + ? an inclosed space, esp. for cattle, a fold, a +monastery.] (Gr. Church) (a) A chief of a monastery, +corresponding to abbot in the Roman Catholic church. (b) A +superintendent of several monasteries, corresponding to +superior abbot, or father provincial, in the Roman Catholic +church. +Ar7chiOmeOde6an (?), a. [L. Archimedeus.] Of or pertaining +to Archimedes, a celebrated Greek philosopher; constructed +on the principle of Archimedes' screw; as, Archimedean +drill, propeller, etc. +w screw, or Archimedes' screw, an instrument, said to have +been invented by Archimedes, for raising water, formed by +winding a flexible tube round a cylinder in the form of a +screw. When the screw is placed in an inclined position, and +the lower end immersed in water, by causing the screw to +revolve, the water is raised to the upper end. +Francis. +X Ar7chiOme6des (?), n. (Paleon.) An extinct genus of Bryzoa +characteristic of the subcarboniferous rocks. Its form is +that of a screw. +Arch6ing (?), n. 1. The arched part of a structure. +2. (Naut.) Hogging; P opposed to sagging. +Ar7chiOpeOlag6ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to an archipelago. +Ar7chiOpel6aOgo , n.; pl. Ogoes or Ogos (?). [It. +arcipelago, properly, chief sea; Gr. pref ? + ? sea, perh. +akin to ? blow, and expressing the beating of the waves. See +Plague.] +1. The Grecian Archipelago, or gean Sea, separating Greece +from Asia Minor. It is studded with a vast number of small +islands. +2. Hence: Any sea or broad sheet of water interspersed with +many islands or with a group of islands. + + <-- p. 79 --> + +X ArOchip7teOryg6iOum (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. pref. ? (E. +archO) + ? wing, fin.] (Anat.) The primitive form of fin, +like that of Ceratodus. +Ar6chiOtect (?), n. [L. architectus, architecton, Gr. ? +chief artificer, master builder; pref. ? (E. archiO) + ? +workman, akin to ? art, skill, ? to produce: cf. F. +architecte, It. architetto. See Technical.] 1. A person +skilled in the art of building; one who understands +architecture, or makes it his occupation to form plans and +designs of buildings, and to superintend the artificers +employed. +2. A contriver, designer, or maker. +The architects of their own happiness. +Milton. +A French woman is a perfect architect in dress. +Coldsmith. +Ar7chiOtec6tive (?), a. Used in building; proper for +building. +Derham. +Ar7chiOtecOton6ic (?), Ar7chiOtecOton6icOal (?), } a. [L. +architectonicus, Gr. ?. See Architect.] 1. Pertaining to a +master builder, or to architecture; evincing skill in +designing or construction; constructive. =Architectonic +wisdom.8 +Boyle. +These architectonic functions which we had hitherto thought +belonged. +J. C. Shairp. +2. Relating to the systemizing of knowledge. +Ar7chiOtecOton6ic, n. [Cf. F. architectonique.] 1. The +science of architecture. +2. The act of arranging knowledge into a system. +Ar7chiOtecOton6ics, n. The science of architecture. +Ar6chiOtec7tor (?), n. An architect. [Obs.] +North. +Ar6chiOtec7tress (?), n. A female architect. +Ar7chiOtec6turOal (?), a. Of or pertaining to the art of +building; conformed to the rules of architecture. P +Ar7chiOtec6turOalOly, adv. +Ar6chiOtec7ture (?; 135), n. [L. architectura, fr. +architectus: cf. F. architecture. See Architect.] 1. The art +or science of building; especially, the art of building +houses, churches, bridges, and other structures, for the +purposes of civil life; P often called civil architecture. +2. A method or style of building, characterized by certain +peculiarities of structure, ornamentation, etc. +Many other architectures besides Gothic. +Ruskin. +3. Construction, in a more general sense; frame or +structure; workmanship. +The architecture of grasses, plants, and trees. +Tyndall. +The formation of the first earth being a piece of divine +architecture. +Burnet. +Military ~, the art of fortifications. P Naval ~, the art of +building ships. +X Ar7chiOteu6this (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. pref. ? + ?, ?, a +kind of squid.] (Zol.) A genus of gigantic cephalopods, +allied to the squids, found esp. in the North Atlantic and +about New Zealand. +Ar6chiOtrave (?), n. [F. architrave, fr. It. architrave; +pref. archiO + trave beam, L. trabs.] (Arch.) (a) The lower +division of an entablature, or that part which rests +immediately on the column, esp. in classical architecture. +See Column. (b) The group of moldings, or other +architectural member, above and on both sides of a door or +other opening, especially if square in form. +Ar6chiOtraved (?), a. Furnished with an architrave. +Cowper. +Ar6chiOval (?), a. Pertaining to, or contained in, archives +or records. +Tooke. +Ar6chive (?), n. ; pl. Archives (?). [F. archives, pl., L. +archivum, archium, fr. Gr. ? government house, ? ? archives, +fr. ? the first place, government. See ArchiO, pref.] 1. pl. +The place in which public records or historic documents are +kept. +Our words.... become records in God's court, and are ?aid up +in his archives as witnesses. +Gov. of Tongue. +2. pl. Public records or documents preserved as evidence of +facts; as, the archives of a country or family. +[Rarely used in sing.] +Some rotten archive, rummaged out of some seldom explored +press. +Lamb. +Syn. - Registers; records; chronicles. +Ar6chiOvist (?), n. [F. archiviste.] A keeper of archives or +records. [R.] +Ar6chiOvolt (?), n. [F. archivolte, fr. It. archivolto; +pref. archiO + volto vault, arch. See Vault.] (Arch.) (a) +The architectural member surrounding the curved opening of +an arch, corresponding to the architrave in the case of a +square opening. (b) More commonly, the molding or other +ornaments with which the wall face of the voussoirs of an +arch is charged. +Arch6lute (?), Arch6iOlute (?), } n. [Cf. F. archiluth, It. +arciliuto.] (Mus.) A large theorbo, or doublePnecked lute, +formerly in use, having the bass strings doubled with an +octave, and the higher strings with a unison. +Arch6ly (?), adv. In an arch manner; with attractive slyness +or roguishness; slyly; waggishly. +Archly the maiden smiled. +Longfellow. +Arch7mar6shal (?), n. [G. erzmarschall. See ArchO, pref.] +The grand marshal of the old German empire, a dignity that +to the Elector of Saxony. +Arch6ness, n. The quality of being arch; cleverness; sly +humor free from malice; waggishness. +Goldsmith. +Ar6chon (?), n. [L. archon, Gr. ?, ?, ruler, chief +magistrate, p. pr. of ? to be first, to rule.] (Antiq.) One +of the chief magistrates in ancient Athens, especially, by +pre minence, the first of the nine chief magistrates. P +ArOchon6tic (?), a. +Ar6chonOship, n. The office of an archon. +Mitford. +Ar6chonOtate (?), n. [Cf. F. archontat.] An archon's term of +office. +Gibbon. +Ar6chonts (?), n. pl. [Gr. ?, p. pr. See Archon.] (Zol.) +The group including man alone. +Arch7prel6ate (?), n. [Pref. archO + prelate.] An archbishop +or other chief prelate. +Arch7pres6byOter (?), n. Same as Archpriest. +Arch7pres6byOterOy (?), n. [Pref. archO + presbutery.] The +absolute dominion of presbytery. +Milton. +Arch7priest6 (?), n. A chief priest; also, a kind of vicar, +or a rural dean. +Arch7pri6mate (?), n. [Pref. archO + primate.] The chief +primate. +Milton. +Arch6 stone7 (?). A wedgePshaped stone used in an arch; a +voussoir. +Arch7trai6tor (?), n. [Pref. archO + traitor.] A chief or +transcendent traitor. +I. Watts. +Arch7treas6urOer (?; 135), n. [Pref. archO + treasurer.] A +chief treasurer. Specifically, the great treasurer of the +German empire. +Arch6way (?), n. A way or passage under an arch. +Arch7wife6 (?), n. [Pref. archO + wife.] A big, masculine +wife. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +Arch6wise (?), adv. ArchPshaped. +Arch6y (?), a. Arched; as, archy brows. +Oar6chy (?). [Gr. ?, fr. ? chief. See ArchO, pref.] A suffix +properly meaning a rule, ruling, as in monarchy, the rule of +one only. Cf. Oarch. +Ar6ciOform (?), a. [L. arcus bow + Oform.] Having the form +of an arch; curved. +Arc6oOgraph (?), n. [L. arcus (E. arc) + Ograph.] An +instrument for drawing a circular arc without the use of a +central point; a cyclograph. +ArcOta6tion (?), n. [L. arctus shut in, narrow, p. p. of +arcere to shut in: cf. F. arctation.] (Med.) Constriction or +contraction of some natural passage, as in constipation from +inflammation. +Arc6tic (?), a. [OE. artik, OF. artique, F. arctique, L. +arcticus, fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? a bear, also a northern +constellation so called; akin to L. ursus bear, Skr. ?ksha.] +Pertaining to, or situated under, the northern constellation +called the Bear; northern; frigid; as, the arctic pole, +circle, region, ocean; an arctic expedition, night, +temperature. +5 The arctic circle is a lesser circle, parallel to the +equator, 23o 287 + from the north pole. This and the antarctic circle are +called the polar circles, and between these and the poles +lie the frigid zones. See Zone. +Arc6tic, n. 1. The arctic circle. +2. A warm waterproof overshoe. [U.S.] +X ArcOtis6ca (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? bear.] (Zol.) A +group of Arachnida. See Illust. in Appendix. +Arc7toOge6al (?), a. [Gr. ? the north + ?, ?, country.] +(Zol.) Of or pertaining to arctic lands; as, the arctogeal +fauna. +X ArcOtoid6eOa (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? bear + Ooid.] +(Zol.) A group of the Carnivora, that includes the bears, +weasels, etc. +ArcOtu6rus (?), n. [L. Arcturus, Gr. ? bearward, equiv. to +?; ? bear + ? ward, guard. See Arctic.] (Anat.) A fixed star +of the first magnitude in the constellation Botes. +5 Arcturus has sometimes been incorrectly used as the name +of the constellation, or even of Ursa Major. +Canst thou guide Arcturus with his sons [Rev. Ver.: =the +Bear with her train8]. +Job xxxviii. 32. +Arc6uOal (?), a. Of or pertaining to an arc. +w measure of an angle (Math.), that which the unit angle has +its measuring arc equal to the radius of the circle. +Arc6uOate (?), Arc6uOa7ted (?)(?), } a. [L. arcuatus, p. p. +of arcuare to shape like a bow, fr. arcus. See Arc.] Bent or +curved in the form of a bow. =Arcuate stalks.8 +Gray. +Arc6uOateOly (?), adv. In the form of a bow. +Arc7uOa6tion (?), n. [L. arcuatio.] 1. The act of bending or +curving; incurvation; the state of being bent; crookedness. +Coxe. +2. (Hort.) A mode of propagating trees by bending branches +to the ground, and covering the small shoots with earth; +layering. +Chambers. +Ar6cuObaOlist (?), n. [See Arbalist.] A crossbow. +Fosbroke. +Ar7cuObal6istOer (?), n. [L. arcuballistarius. Cf. +Arbalister.] A crossbowman; one who used the arcubalist. +Camden. +Ar6cuObus (?), n. See Arquebus. [Obs.] +Oard, Oart. The termination of many English words; as, +coward, reynard, drunkard, mostly from the French, in which +language this ending is of German origin, being orig. the +same word as English hard. It usually has the sense of one +who has to a high or excessive degree the quality expressed +by the root; as, braggart, sluggard. +X ArOdas6sine (?), n. [F. (cf. Sp. ardacina), fr. ardasse a +kind of silk thread, fr. Ar. & Per. ardan a kind of raw +silk.] A very fine sort of Persian silk. +Ar6denOcy (?), n. 1. Heat. [R.] +Sir T. Herbert. +2. Warmth of passion or affection; ardor; vehemence; +eagerness; as, the ardency of love or zeal. +Ar6dent (?), a. [OE. ardaunt, F. ardant, p. pr. of arder to +burn, fr. L. ardere.] 1. Hot or burning; causing a sensation +of burning; fiery; as, ardent spirits, that is, distilled +liquors; an ardent fever. +2.Having the appearance or quality of fire; fierce; +glowing; shining; as, ardent eyes. +Dryden. +3. Warm, applied to the passions and affections; passionate; +fervent; zealous; vehement; as, ardent love, feelings, zeal, +hope, temper. +An ardent and impetuous race. +Macaulay. +Syn. - Burning; hot; fiery; glowing; intense; fierce; +vehement; eager; zealous; keen; fervid; fervent; passionate; +affectionate. +Ar6dentOly (?), adv. In an ardent manner; eagerly; with +warmth; affectionately; passionately. +Ar6dentOness, n. Ardency. [R.] +Ar6dor (?), n. [L. ardor, fr. ardere to burn: cf. OF. ardor, +ardur, F. ardeur.] [Spelt also ardour.] 1. Heat, in a +literal sense; as, the ardor of the sun's rays. +2. Warmth or heat of passion or affection; eagerness; zeal; +as, he pursues study with ardor; the fought with ardor; +martial ardor. +3. pl. Bright and effulgent spirits; seraphim. [Thus used by +Milton.] +Syn. - Fervor; warmth; eagerness. See Fervor. +Ar6duOous (?; 135), a. [L. arduus steep, high; akin to Ir. +ard high, height.] 1. Steep and lofty, in a literal sense; +hard to climb. +Those arduous pats they trod. +Pope. +2. Attended with great labor, like the ascending of +acclivities; difficult; laborious; as, an arduous +employment, task, or enterprise. +Syn. - Difficult; trying; laborious; painful; exhausting. P +Arduous, Hard, Difficult. Hard is simpler, blunter, and more +general in sense than difficult; as, a hard duty to perform, +hard work, a hard task, one which requires much bodily +effort and perseverance to do. Difficult commonly implies +more skill and sagacity than hard, as when there is +disproportion between the means and the end. A work may be +hard but not difficult. We call a thing arduous when it +requires strenuous and persevering exertion, like that of +one who is climbing a precipice; as, an arduous task, an +arduous duty. =It is often difficult to control our +feelings; it is still harder to subdue our will; but it is +an arduous undertaking to control the unruly and contending +will of others.8 +Ar6duOousOly, adv. In an arduous manner; with difficulty or +laboriousness. +Ar6duOousOness, n. The quality of being arduous; difficulty +of execution. +Ar6duOrous (?), a. Burning; ardent. [R.] +Lo! further on, +Where flames the arduous Spirit of Isidore. +Cary. +Are (?). [AS. (Northumbrian) aron, akin to the 1st pers. pl. +forms, Icel. erum, Goth. sijum, L. sumus, Gr. ?, Skr. smas; +all from a root as. ? See Am and Is, and cf. Be.] The +present indicative plural of the substantive verb to be; but +etymologically a different word from be, or was. Am, art, +are, and is, all come from the root as. +Are (?), n. [F., fr. L. area. See Area.] (Metric system) The +unit of superficial measure, being a square of which each +side is ten meters in length; 100 square meters, or about +119.6 square yards. +A6reOa (?; 277), n. pl. Areas (?). [L. area a broad piece of +level gro???. Cf. Are, n.] 1. Any plane surface, as of the +floor of a room or church, or of the ground within an +inclosure; an open space in a building. +The Alban lake... looks like the area of some vast +amphitheater. +Addison. +2. The inclosed space on which a building stands. +3. The sunken space or court, giving ingress and affording +light to the basement of a building. +4. An extent of surface; a tract of the earth's surface; a +region; as, vast uncultivated areas. +5. (Geom.) The superficial contents of any figure; the +surface included within any given lines; superficial extent; +as, the area of a square or a triangle. +6. (Biol.) A spot or small marked space; as, the germinative +area. +7. Extent; scope; range; as, a wide area of thought. +The largest area of human history and man's common nature. +F. Harrison. +Dry ~. See under Dry. +AOread6, AOreed6 } (?), v. t. [OE. areden, AS. >r?dan to +interpret. See Read.] 1. To tell, declare, explain, or +interpret; to divine; to guess; as, to aread a riddle or a +dream. [Obs.] +Therefore more plain aread this doubtful case. +Spenser. +2. To read. [Obs.] +Drayton. +3. To counsel, advise, warn, or direct. +But mark what I aread thee now. Avaunt! +Milton. +4. To decree; to adjudge. [Archaic] +Ld. Lytton. +A6reOal (?), a. [Cf. L. arealis, fr. area.] Of or pertaining +to an area; as, areal interstices (the areas or spaces +inclosed by the reticulate vessels of leaves). +AOrear6 (?), v. t. & i. [AS. >r?ran. See Rear.] To raise; to +set up; to stir up. [Obs.] +AOrear6, adv. [See Arrear, adv.] Backward; in or to the +rear; behindhand. +Spenser. +X AOre6ca (?), n. [Canarese adiki: cf. Pg. & Sp. areca.] +(Bot.) A genus of palms, one species of which produces the ~ +nut, or betel nut, which is chewed in India with the leaf of +the Piper Betle and lime. +AOreek6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + reek.] In a reeking +condition. +Swift. +Ar7eOfac6tion (?), n. [L. arefacere to dry.] The act of +drying, or the state of growing dry. +The arefaction of the earth. +Sir M. Hale. +Ar6eOfy (?), v. t. [L. arere to be dry + Ofly.] To dry, or +make dry. +Bacon. +AOre6na (?), n.; pl. E. Arenas (?); L. Aren (?). [L. arena, +harena, sand, a sandy place.] 1. (Rom. Antiq.) The area in +the central part of an amphitheater, in which the gladiators +fought and other shows were exhibited; P so called because +it was covered with sand. +2. Any place of public contest or exertion; any sphere of +action; as, the arenaof debate; the arena of line. +3. (Med.) =Sand8 or =gravel8 in the kidneys. +Ar7eOna6ceous (?), a. [L. arenaceus, fr. arena sand.] Sandy +or consisting largely of sand; of the nature of sand; easily +disintegrating into sand; friable; as, arenaceous limestone. +Ar7eOna6riOous (?), a. [L. arenarius, fr. arena sand.] +Sandy; as, arenarious soil. + + <-- p. 80 --> + +Ar7eOna6tion (?), n. [L. arenatio, fr. arena sand.] (Med.) A +sand bath; application of hot sand to the body. +Dunglison. +X Ar7enOda6tor (?), n. [LL. arendator, arrendator, fr. +arendare, arrendare, to pay rent, fr. arenda yearly rent; +ad + renda, F. rente, E. rent. Cf. Arrentation and Rent.] In +some provinces of Russia, one who farms the rents or +revenues. +5 A person who rents an estate belonging to the crown is +called crown arendator. +Tooke. +X AOreng6 (?), X AOren6ga (?), n. [Malayan.] A palm tree +(Saguerus saccharifer) which furnishes sago, wine, and +fibers for ropes; the gomuti palm. +Ar7eOnic6oOlite (?), n. [L. arena sand + colere to cherish +or live.] (Paleon.) An ancient wormhole in sand, preserved +in the rocks. +Dana. +AOren7iOlit6ic (?), a. [L. arena sand + Gr. ? stone.] Of or +pertaining to sandstone; as, arenilitic mountains. +Kirwan. +Ar6eOnose (?), a. [L. arenosus, fr. arena sand.] Sandy; full +of sand. +Johnson. +AOren6uOlous (?), a. [L. arenula fine sand, dim. of arena.] +Full of fine sand; like sand. [Obs.] +AOre6oOla (?), n.; pl. Areol (?). [L. areola, dim. of area: +cf. F. arole. See Area.] 1. An interstice or small space, +as between the cracks of the surface in certain crustaceous +lichens; or as between the fibers composing organs or +vessels that interlace; or as between the nervures of an +insect's wing. +2. (Anat. & Med.) The colored ring around the nipple, or +around a vesicle or pustule. +AOre6oOlar (?), a. Pertaining to, or like, an areola; filled +with interstices or areol. +w tissue (Anat.), a form of fibrous connective tissue in +which the fibers are loosely arranged with numerous spaces, +or areol, between them. +AOre6oOlate (?), AOre6oOlaOted, } a. [L. areola: cf. F. +arole.] Divided into small spaces or areolations, as the +wings of insects, the leaves of plants, or the receptacle of +compound flowers. +A7reOoOla6tion (?), n. 1. Division into areol. +Dana. +2. Any small space, bounded by some part different in color +or structure, as the spaces bounded by the nervures of the +wings of insects, or those by the veins of leaves; an +areola. +A6reOole (?), n. Same as Areola. +AOre6oOlet (?), n. [Dim. of L. areola.] (Zol.) A small +inclosed area; esp. one of the small spaces on the wings of +insects, circumscribed by the veins. +A7reOom6eOter (?; 277), n. [Gr. ? ??in, rare + Ometer: cf. +F. arom +tre.] (Physics) An instrument for measuring the +specific gravity of fluids; a form hydrometer. +A7reOoOmet6ric (?), A7reOoOmet6ricOal (?), } a. Pertaining +to, or measured by, an areometer. +A7reOom6eOtry (?), n. [Gr. ? thin, rare + Ometry.] The art +or process of measuring the specific gravity of fluids. +Ar7eOop6aOgist (?), n. See Areopagite. +Ar7eOop6aOgite (?), n. [L. Areopagites, Gr. ?.] A member of +the Areopagus. +Acts xvii. 34. +Ar7eOop7aOgit6ic (?), a. [L. Areopagiticus, Gr. ?.] +Pertaining to the Areopagus. +Mitford. +Ar7eOop6aOgus , n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, and ? ?, hill of Ares +(Mars' Hill).] The highest judicial court at Athens. Its +sessions were held on Mars' Hill. Hence, any high court or +tribunal +AOre6oOstyle (?), a. & n. See Intercolumniation, and +Arostyle. +AOre7oOsys6tyle (?), a. & n. See Intercolumniation, and +Arosystyle. +AOrere6 (?), v. t. & i. Arear. [Obs.] +Ellis. +AOrest6 (?), n. A support for the spear when couched for the +attack. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AOret6 (?), v. t. [OE. aretten, OF. areter; a (L. ad) + OF. +reter, L. reputare. See Repute.] To reckon; to ascribe; to +impute. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +Ar7eOta6ics (?), n. [Gr. ? virtue.] The ethical theory which +excludes all relations between virtue and happiness; the +science of virtue; P contrasted with eudemonics. +J. Grote. +Ar7eOtol6oOgy (?), n. [Gr. ?; ? virtue + ? discourse, ? to +speak: cf. F. artologie.] That part of moral philosophy +which treats of virtue, its nature, and the means of +attaining to it. +AOrew6 . adv. [See Arow, Row.] In a row. [Obs.] =All her +teeth arew.8 +Spenser. +Ar6gal (?), n. Crude tartar. See Argol. +Ar6gal, adv. A ludicrous corruption of the Latin word ergo, +therefore. +Shak. +X Ar6gal (?), X Ar6gaOli , } n. [Mongolian.] (Zol.) A +species of wild sheep (Ovis ammon, or O. argali), remarkable +for its large horns. It inhabits the mountains of Siberia +and central Asia. +5 The bearded argali is the aoudad. See Aoudad. The name is +also applied to the bighorn sheep of the Rocky Mountains. +See Bighorn. +X Ar6gaOla (?), n. [Native name.] (Zol.) The adjutant bird. +Ar6gand lamp7(?) . [Named from the inventor, Aim Argand of +Geneva.] A lamp with a circular hollow wick and glass +chimney which allow a current of air both inside and outside +of the flame. +Argand burner, a burner for and Argand lamp, or a gas burner +in which the principle of that lamp is applied. +X Ar6gas (?), n. A genus of venomous ticks which attack men +and animals. The famous Persian Argas, also called Miana +bug, is A. Persicus; that of Central America, called talaje +by the natives, is A. Talaje. +ArOge6an (?), a. Pertaining to the ship Argo. See Argo. +Ar6gent (?), n. [F. argent, fr. L. argentum, silver; akin to +Gr. ? silver, ?, ?, white, bright, Skr. rajata white, +silver, raj to shine, Ir. arg white, milk, airgiod silver, +money, and L. arguere to make clear. See Argue.] 1. Silver, +or money. [Archaic] +2. (Fig. & Poet.) Whiteness; anything that is white. +The polished argent of her breast. +Tennyson. +3. (Her.) The white color in coats of arms, intended to +represent silver, or, figuratively, purity, innocence, +beauty, or gentleness; P represented in engraving by a plain +white surface. +Weale. +Ar6gent, a. Made of silver; of a silvery color; white; +shining. +Yonder argent fields above. +Pope. +ArOgen6tal (?), a. Of or pertaining to silver; resembling, +containing, or combined with, silver. +Ar6genOtan , n. An alloy of nicked with copper and zinc; +German silver. +Ar6genOtate , a. [L. argentatus silvered.] (Bot.) Silvery +white. +Gray. +Ar7genOta6tion , n. [L. argentare to silver, fr. argentum +silver. See Argent.] A coating or overlaying with silver. +[R.] +Johnson. +ArOgen6tic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or +containing, silver; P said of certain compounds of silver in +which this metal has its lowest proportion; as, argentic +chloride. +Ar7genOtif6erOous (?), a. [L. argentum silver + Oferous: cf. +F. argentif +re.] Producing or containing silver; as, +argentiferous lead ore or veins. +Ar6genOtine (?; in the 2d sense, commonly ?), a. 1. +Pertaining to, or resembling, silver; made of, or sounding +like, silver; silvery. +Celestial Dian, goddess argentine. +Shak. +2. Of or pertaining to the Argentine Republic in South +America. +Ar6genOtine, n. [Cf. F. argentin, fr. L. argentum silver.] +1. (Min.) A siliceous variety of calcite, or carbonate of +lime, having a silveryPwhite, pearly luster, and a waving +or curved lamellar structure. +2. White metal coated with silver. +Simmonds. +3. (Zol.) A fish of Europe (Maurolicus Pennantii) with +silvery scales. The name is also applied to various fishes +of the genus Argentina. +4. A citizen of the Argentine Republic. +Ar6genOtite (?), n. [L. argentum silver.] (Min.) Sulphide of +silver; P also called vitreous silver, or silver glance. It +has a metallic luster, a leadPgray color, and is sectile +like lead. +ArOgen6tous (?), a. (Chem.) Of, pertaining to, or +containing, silver; P said of certain silver compounds in +which silver has a higher proportion than in argentic +compounds; as, argentous chloride. +Ar6gentOry (?), n. [F. argenterie, fr. argent silver, L. +argentum.] Silver plate or vessels. [Obs.] +Bowls of frosted argentry. +Howell. +Ar6gil (?), n. [F. argile, L. argilla white clay, akin to +Gr. ? or ? ~, ? white. See Argent.] (Min.) Clay, or potter's +earth; sometimes pure clay, or alumina. See Clay. +Ar7gilOla6ceous (?), a. [L. argillaceus, fr. argilla.] Of +the nature of clay; consisting of, or containing, argil or +clay; clayey. +w sandstone (Geol.), a sandstone containing much clay. P w +iron ore, the clay ironstone. P w schist or state. See +Argillite. +Ar7gilOlif6erOous (?), a. [L. argilla white clay + Oferous.] +Producing clay; P applied to such earths as abound with +argil. +Kirwan. +Ar6gilOlite (?), n. [Gr. ? clay + Olite.] (Min.) +Argillaceous schist or slate; clay slate. Its colors is +bluish or blackish gray, sometimes greenish gray, brownish +red, etc. P Ar7gilOlit6ic , a. +ArOgil7loPare7eOna6ceous (?), a. Consisting of, or +containing, clay and sand, as a soil. +ArOgil7loPcalOca6reOous (?), a. Consisting of, or +containing, clay and calcareous earth. +ArOgil7loPferOru6giOnous (?), a. Containing clay and iron. +ArOgil6lous (?), a. [L. argillosus, fr. argilla. See Argil.] +Argillaceous; clayey. +Sir T. Browne. +Ar6give (?), a. [L. Argivus, fr. Argos, Argi.] Of or +performance to Argos, the capital of Argolis in Greece. P n. +A native of Argos. Often used as a generic term, equivalent +to Grecian or Greek. +X Ar6go (?), n. [L. Argo, Gr. ?.] 1. (Myth.) The name of the +ship which carried Jason and his fiftyfour companions to +Colchis, in quest of the Golden Fleece. +2. (Astron.) A large constellation in the southern +hemisphere, called also Argo Navis. In modern astronomy it +is replaced by its three divisions, Carina, Puppis, and +Vela. +ArOgo6an (?), a. Pertaining to the ship Argo. +Ar6goile (?), n. Potter's clay. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +Ar6gol (?), n. [Cf. Argal, Orgal. Of unknown origin.] Crude +tartar; an acidulous salt from which cream of tartar is +prepared. It exists in the juice of grapes, and is deposited +from wines on the sides of the casks. +Ure. +ArOgol6ic (?), a. [L. Argolicus, Gr. ?.] Pertaining to +Argolis, a district in the Peloponnesus. +Ar6gon (?), n. [Gr. ? inactive.] (Chem.) A substance +regarded as an element, contained in the atmosphere and +remarkable for its chemical inertness. +Rayleigh and Ramsay. +Ar6goOnaut (?), n. [L. Argonauta, Gr. ?; ? + ? sailor, ? +ship. See Argo.] 1. Any one of the legendary Greek heroes +who sailed with Jason, in the Argo, in quest of the Golden +Fleece. +2.(Zol.) A cephalopod of the genus Argonauta. +X Ar7goOnau6ta (?), n. (Zol.) A genus of Cephalopoda. The +shell is called paper nautilus or paper sailor. +5 The animal has much resemblance to an Octopus. It has +eight arms, two of which are expanded at the end and clasp +the shell, but are never elevated in the air for sails as +was formerly supposed. The creature swims beneath the +surface by means of a jet of water, like other cephalopods. +The male has no shell, and is much smaller than the female. +See He???ocotylus. +Ar6goOnaut6ic (?), a. [L. Argonauticus.] Of or pertaining to +the Argonauts. +Ar6goOsy (?), n.; pl. Argosies (?). [Earlier ragusy, fr. +ragusa meaning orig. a vessel of Ragusa.] A large ship, esp. +a merchant vessel of the largest size. +Where your argosies with portly sail... +Do overpeer the petty traffickers. +Shak. +X Ar7got6 (?), n. [F. Of unknown origin.] A secret language +or conventional slang peculiar to thieves, tramps, and +vagabonds; flash. +Ar6guOaOble (?), a. Capable of being argued; admitting of +debate. +Ar6gue (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Argued (?); p. pr. & vb. n. +Arguing.] [OE. arguen, F. arguer, fr. L. argutare, freq. of +arguere to make clear; from the same root as E. argent.] 1. +To invent and offer reasons to support or overthrow a +proposition, opinion, or measure; to use arguments; to +reason. +I argue not +Against Heaven's hand or will. +Milton. +2. To contend in argument; to dispute; to reason; P followed +by with; as, you may argue with your friend without +convincing him. +Ar6gue, v. t. 1. To debate or discuss; to treat by +reasoning; as, the counsel argued the cause before a full +court; the cause was well argued. +2. To prove or evince; too manifest or exhibit by inference, +deduction, or reasoning. +So many laws argue so many sins. +Milton. +3. To persuade by reasons; as, to argue a man into a +different opinion. +4. To blame; to accuse; to charge with. [Obs.] +Thoughts and expressions... which can be truly argued of +obscenity, profaneness, or immorality. +Dryden. +Syn. - to reason; evince; discuss; debate; expostulate; +remonstrate; controvert. P To Argue, Dispute, Debate. These +words, as here compared, suppose a contest between two +parties in respect to some point at issue. To argue is to +adduce arguments or reasons in support of one's cause or +position. To dispute is to call in question or deny the +statements or arguments of the opposing party. To debate is +to strive for or against in a somewhat formal manner by +arguments. +Men of many words sometimes argue for the sake of talking; +men of ready tongues frequently dispute for the sake of +victory; men in public life often debate for the sake of +opposing the ruling party, or from any other motive than the +love of truth. +Crabb. +Unskilled to argue, in dispute yet loud, +Bold without caution, without honors proud. +Falconer. +Betwixt the dearest friends to raise debate. +Dryden. +Ar6guOer (?), n. One who argues; a reasoner; a disputant. +Ar6guOfy (?), v. t. & i. [Argue + Ofly.] 1. To argue +pertinaciously. [Colloq.] +Halliwell. +2. To signify. [Colloq.] +X Ar6guOlus (?), n. [NL., dim of Argus.] (Zol.) A genus of +copepod Crustacea, parasitic of fishes; a fish louse. See +Branchiura. +Ar6guOment (?), n. [F. argument, L. argumentum, fr. arguere +to argue.] 1. Proof; evidence. [Obs.] +There is.. no more palpable and convincing argument of the +existence of a Deity. +Ray. +Why, then, is it made a badge of wit and an argument of +parts for a man to commence atheist, and to cast off all +belief of providence, all awe and reverence for religion? +South. +2. A reason or reasons offered in proof, to induce belief, +or convince the mind; reasoning expressed in words; as, an +argument about, concerning, or regarding a proposition, for +or in favor of it, or against it. +3. A process of reasoning, or a controversy made up of +rational proofs; argumentation; discussion; disputation. +The argument is about things, but names. +Locke. +4. The subject matter of a discourse, writing, or artistic +representation; theme or topic; also, an abstract or +summary, as of the contents of a book, chapter, poem. +You and love are still my argument. +Shak. +The abstract or argument of the piece. +Jeffrey. +[Shields] with boastful argument portrayed. +Milton. +5. Matter for question; business in hand. [Obs.] +Sheathed their swords for lack of argument. +Shak. +6. (Astron.) The quantity on which another quantity in a +table depends; as, the altitude is the argument of the +refraction. +7. (Math.) The independent variable upon whose value that of +a function depends. +Brande & C. + + <-- p. 81 --> + + <-- p. 81 --> + +Ar6guOment (?), v. i. [L. argumentari.] To make an argument; +to argue. [Obs.] +Gower. +Ar7guOmen6taOble (?), a. [L. argumentabilis.] Admitting of +argument. [R.] +Chalmers. +Ar7guOmen6tal (?), a. [L. argumentalis.] Of, pertaining to, +or containing, argument; argumentative. +Ar7guOmenOta6tion (?), n. [L. argumentatio, from +argumentari: cf. F. argumentation.] 1. The act of forming +reasons, making inductions, drawing conclusions, and +applying them to the case in discussion; the operation of +inferring propositions, not known or admitted as true, from +facts or principles known, admitted, or proved to be true. +Which manner of argumentation, how false and naught it +is,... every man that hath with perceiveth. +Tyndale. +2. Debate; discussion. +Syn. - Reasoning; discussion; controversy. See Reasoning. +Ar7guOmen6taOtive (?), a. 1. Consisting of, or characterized +by, argument; containing a process of reasoning; as, an +argumentative discourse. +2. Adductive as proof; indicative; as, the adaptation of +things to their uses is argumentative of infinite wisdom in +the Creator. [Obs.] +3. Given to argument; characterized by argument; +disputatious; as, an argumentative writer. +P Ar7guOmen6taOtiveOly, adv. P Ar7guOmen6taOtiveOness, n. +Ar6guOmenOtize (?), v. i. To argue or discuss. [Obs.] +Wood. +X Ar6gus (?), n. [L. Argus, Gr. ?.] 1. (Myth.) A fabulous +being of antiquity, said to have had a hundred eyes, who has +placed by Juno to guard Io. His eyes were transplanted to +the peacock's tail. +2. One very vigilant; a guardian always watchful. +3.(Zol.) A genus of East Indian pheasants. The common +species (A. giganteus) is remarkable for the great length +and beauty of the wing and tail feathers of the male. The +species A. Grayi inhabits Borneo. +Ar6gusPeyed (?), a. Extremely observant; watchful; +sharpPsighted. +Ar6gus shell7 (?) . (Zol.) A species of shell (Cypra +argus), beutifully variegated with spots resembling those in +a peacock's tail. +Ar7guOta6tion (?), n. [L. argutatio. See Argue.] Caviling; +subtle disputation. [Obs.] +ArOgute6 (?), a. [L. argutus, p. p. of arguere. See Argue.] +1. Sharp; shrill. [Obs.] +Johnson. +2. Sagacious; acute; subtle; shrewd. +The active preacher... the argue schoolman. +Milman. +ArOgute6ly, adv. In a subtle; shrewdly. +ArOgute6ness, n. Acuteness. +Dryden. +AOrhi6zal (?), AOrhi6zous (?), AOrhyth6Omic (?), +AOrhyth6mous (?), a. See Arrhizal, Arrhizous, Arrhythmic, +Arrhythmous. +X A6riOa (?), n. [It., fr. L. a r. See Air.] (Mus.) An air +or song; a melody; a tune. +5 The Italian term is now mostly used for the more elaborate +accompanied melodies sung by a single voice, in operas, +oratorios, cantatas, anthems, etc., and not so much for +simple airs or tunes. +Ar6ian (?), a. & n. (Ethnol.) See Aryan. +A6riOan (?), a. [L. Arianus.] Pertaining to Arius, a +presbyter of the church of Alexandria, in the fourth +century, or to the doctrines of Arius, who held Christ to be +inferior to God the Father in nature and dignity, though the +first and noblest of all created beings. P n. One who +adheres to or believes the doctrines of Arius. +Mosheim. +A6riOanOism (?), n. The doctrines of the Arians. +A6riOanOize (?), v. i. To admit or accept the tenets of the +Arians; to become an Arian. +A6riOanOize, v. t. To convert to Arianism. +Ar6iOcine (?), n. [From Arica, in Chile.] (Chem.) An +alkaloid, first found in white cinchona bark. +Ar6id (?), a. [L. aridus, fr. arere to be dry: cf. F. +aride.] Exhausted of moisture; parched with heat; dry; +barren. =An arid waste.8 +Thomson. +AOrid6iOty (?), n.; pl. Aridities (?). [L. ariditas, fr. +aridus.] 1. The state or quality of being arid or without +moisture; dryness. +2. Fig.: Want of interest of feeling; insensibility; dryness +of style or feeling; spiritual drought. +Norris. +Ar6idOness (?), n. Aridity; dryness. +A6riOel (?), n., or A6riOel gaOzelle6 (?). [Ar. aryil, +ayyil, stag.] (Zol.) A) A variety of the gazelle (Antilope, +or Gazella, dorcas), found in Arabia and adjacent countries. +(b) A squirrelPlike Australian marsupial, a species of +Petaurus. (c) A beautiful Brazilian toucan Ramphastos +ariel). +X A6riOes , n. [L.] 1. (Astron.) (a) The Ram; the first of +the twelve signs in the zodiac, which the sun enters at the +vernal equinox, about the 21st of March. (b) A constellation +west of Taurus, drawn on the celestial globe in the figure +of a ram. +2. (Rom. Antiq.) A batteringPram. +Ar6iOtate (?), v. i. [L. arietatus, p. p. of arietare, fr. +aries ram.] To butt, as a ram. [Obs.] +Ar7iOeOta6tion (?), n. [L. arietatio.] 1. The act of butting +like a ram; act of using a batteringPram. [Obs.] +Bacon. +2. Act of striking or conflicting. [R.] +Glanvill. +X A7riOet6ta (?), Ar7iOette6 (?), } n. [It. arietta, dim. of +aria; F. ariette.] (Mus.) A short aria, or air. =A military +ariette.8 +Sir W. Scott. +AOright6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + right.] Rightly; correctly; +in a right way or form; without mistake or crime; as, to +worship God aright. +Ar6il (?), X AOril6lus (?), n. [From LL. arilli dry grapes, +perh. fr. L. aridus dry: cf. F,. arille.] (Bot.) A exterior +covering, forming a false coat or appendage to a seed, as +the loose, transparent bag inclosing the seed or the white +water lily. The mace of the nutmeg is also an aril. +Gray. +Ar6ilOlate (?). Ar6lOla7ted (?), Ar6iled (?), a. [Cf. NL. +arillatus, F. arill.] Having an aril. +A6riOman (?), n. See Ahriman. +Ar7iOoOla6tion (?), n. [L. ariolatio, hariolatio, fr. +hariolari to prophesy, fr. hariolus soothsayer.] A +soothsaying; a foretelling. [Obs.] +Sir T. Browne. +Ar6iOose (?), a. [It. arioso, fr. aria.] Characterized by +melody, as distinguished from harmony. +Mendelssohn wants the ariose beauty of Handel; vocal melody +is not his forte; the interest of his airs harmonic. + +Foreign Quart. Rev. +X A7riOo6so (?), adv. & a. [It.] (Mus.) In the smooth and +melodious style of an air; ariose. +AOrise6 (?), v. i. [ imp. Arose (?); p. pr. & vb. n. +Arising; p. p. Arisen (?). [AS. >rFsan; > (equiv. to Goth. +usO, urO, G. erO, orig. meaning out) + rFsan to rise; cf. +Goth. urreisan to arise. See Rise.] 1. To come up from a +lower to a higher position; to come above the horizon; to +come up from one's bed or place of repose; to mount; to +ascend; to rise; as, to arise from a kneeling posture; a +cloud arose; the sun ariseth; he arose early in the +morning. +2. To spring up; to come into action, being, or notice; to +become operative, sensible, or visible; to begin to act a +part; to present itself; as, the waves of the sea arose; a +persecution arose; the wrath of the king shall arise. +There arose up a new king... which knew not Joseph. +Ex. i. 8. +The doubts that in his heart arose. +Milton. +3. To proceed; to issue; to spring. +Whence haply mention may arise +Of something not unseasonable to ask. +Milton. +AOrise6, n. Rising. [Obs.] + Drayton. +AOrist6 (?), 3d sing. pres. of Arise, for ariseth. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +X AOris6ta (?), n. [L.] (Bot.) An awn. +Gray. +Ar6isOtarch (?), n. [From Aristarchus, a Greek grammarian +and critic, of Alexandria, about 200 b. c.] A severe critic. +Knowles. +Ar7isOtar6chiOan (?), a. Severely critical. +Ar6isOtar7chy (?), n. Severely criticism. +Ar6isOtar7chy (?), n. Severe criticism. [Obs.] +Sir J. Harrington. +AOris6tate (?), a. [L. aristatus, fr. arista. See Arista.] +1. (Bot.) Having a pointed, beardlike process, as the glumes +of wheat; awned. +Gray. +2. (Zol.)Having a slender, sharp, or spinelike tip. +Ar7isOtoc6raOcy (?), n.; pl. Aristocracies (?). [Gr. ?; ? +best + ? to be strong, to rule, ? strength; ? is perh. from +the same root as E. arm, and orig. meant fitting: cf. F. +aristocratie. See Arm, and Create, which is related to Gr. +?.] 1. Government by the best citizens. +2. A ruling body composed of the best citizens. [Obs.] +In the Senate +Right not our quest in this, I will protest them +To all the world, no aristocracy. +B. Jonson. +3. A form a government, in which the supreme power is vested +in the principal persons of a state, or in a privileged +order; an oligarchy. +The aristocracy of Venice hath admitted so many abuses, +trough the degeneracy of the nobles, that the period of its +duration seems approach. +Swift. +4. The nobles or chief persons in a state; a privileged +class or patrician order; (in a popular use) those who are +regarded as superior to the rest of the community, as in +rank, fortune, or intellect. +AOris6toOcrat (?; 277), n. [F. aristocrate. See +Aristocracy.] 1. One of the aristocracy or people of rank in +a community; one of a ruling class; a noble. +2. One who is overbearing in his temper or habits; a proud +or haughty person. +A born aristocrat, bred radical. +Mrs. Browning. +3. One who favors an aristocracy as a form of government, or +believes the aristocracy should govern. +His whole family are accused of being aristocrats. +Romilly. +Ar7isOtoOcrat6ic (?), Ar7isOtoOcrat6icOal (?), } a. [Gr. ?: +cf. F. aristocratique.] 1. Of or pertaining to an +aristocracy; consisting in, or favoring, a government of +nobles, or principal men; as, an aristocratic constitution. +2. Partaking of aristocracy; befitting aristocracy; +characteristic of, or originating with, the aristocracy; as, +an aristocratic measure; aristocratic pride or manners. P +Ar7isOtoOcrat6icOalOly, adv. P Ar7isOtoOcrat6icOalOness, n. +Ar6isOtoOcrat7ism (?), n. 1. The principles of aristocrats. +Romilly. +2. Aristocrats, collectively. [R.] +Ar7isOtol6oOgy (?), n. [Gr. ? dinner + Ology.] The science +of dining. +Quart. Rev. +Ar7isOtoOphan6ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to Aristophanes, +the Athenian comic poet. +Ar7isOtoOte6liOan (?; 277), a. Of or pertaining to +Aristotle, the famous Greek philosopher (384P322 b. c.). P +n. A follower of Aristotle; a Peripatetic. See Peripatetic. +Ar7isOtoOte6liOanOism (?). The philosophy of Aristotle, +otherwise called the Peripatetic philosophy. +Ar7isOtoOtel6ic (?), a. Pertaining to Aristotle or to his +philosophy. =Aristotelic usage.8 +Sir W. Hamilton. +Ar6isOto7tle's lan6tern (?). (Zol.) The five united jaws +and accessory ossicles of certain sea urchins. +AOris6tuOlate (?; 135), a. [Dim. fr. arista.] (Bot.) +Pertaining a short beard or awn. +Gray. +Ar6ithOman7cy (?), n. [Gr. ? number + Omancy.] Divination by +means of numbers. +AOrith6meOtic (?), n. [OE. arsmetike, OF. arismetique, L. +arithmetica, fr. Gr. ? (sc. ?), fr. ? arithmetical, fr. ? to +number, fr. ? number, prob. fr. same root as E. arm, the +idea of counting coming from that of fitting, attaching. See +Arm. The modern Eng. and French forms are accommodated to +the Greek.] 1. The science of numbers; the art of +computation by figures. +2. A book containing the principles of this science. +w of sines, trigonometry. P Political ~, the application of +the science of numbers to problems in civil government, +political economy, and social science. P Universal ~, the +name given by Sir Isaac Newton to algebra. +Ar7ithOmet6icOal (?), a. Of or pertaining to arithmetic; +according to the rules or method of arithmetic. +w complement of a logarithm. See Logarithm. P w mean. See +Mean. P w progression. See Progression. P w proportion. See +Proportion. +Ar7ithOmet6icOalOly, adv. Conformably to the principles or +methods of arithmetic. +AOrith7meOti6cian (?), n. [Cf. F. arithmticien.] One +skilled in arithmetic. +AOrith6moOman6cy (?), n. Arithmancy. +Ar7ithOmom6eOter (?), n. [Gr. ? number + Ometer: cf. F. +arithmom +tre.] A calculating machine. +Ark (?), n. [OE. ark, arke, arche, AS. arc, earc, earce, fr. +L. arca, fr. arcere to inclose, keep off; akin to Gr. ? to +keep off.] 1. A chest, or coffer. [Obs.] +Bearing that precious relic in an ark. +Spenser. +2. (Jewish Hist.) The oblong chest of acacia wood, overlaid +with gold, which supported the mercy seat with its golden +cherubs, and occupied the most sacred place in the +sanctuary. In it Moses placed the two tables of stone +containing the ten commandments. Called also the Ark of the +Covenant. +3. The large, chestlike vessel in which Noah and h?? family +were preserved during the Deluge. Gen. vi. Hence: Any place +of refuge. +4. A large flatboat used on Western American rivers to +transport produce to market. +Ark6ite (?), a. Belonging to the ark. [R.] +Faber. +Ark6 shell7 (?). (Zol.) A marine bivalve shell belonging to +the genus Arca and its allies. +Arles (?), n. pl. [Cf. F. arrhes, Scot. airles. Cf. Earles +penny.] An earnest; earnest money; money paid to bind a +bargain. [Scot.] +w penny, earnest money given to servants. +Kersey. +Arm (?), n. [AS. arm, earm; akin to OHG. aram, G., D., Dan., +& Sw. arm, Icel. armr, Goth. arms, L. armus arm, shoulder, +and prob. to Gr. ? joining, joint, shoulder, fr. the root ? +to join, to fit together; cf. Slav. rame. ?. See Art, +Article.] 1. The limb of the human body which extends from +the shoulder to the hand; also, the corresponding limb of a +monkey. +2. Anything resembling an arm; as, (a) The fore limb of an +animal, as of a bear. (b) A limb, or locomotive or +prehensile organ, of an invertebrate animal. (c) A branch of +a tree. (d) A slender part of an instrument or machine, +projecting from a trunk, axis, or fulcrum; as, the arm of a +steelyard. (e) (Naut) The end of a yard; also, the part of +an anchor which ends in the fluke. (f) An inlet of water +from the sea. (g) A support for the elbow, at the side of a +chair, the end of a sofa, etc. +3. Fig.: Power; might; strength; support; as, the secular +arm; the arm of the law. +To whom is the arm of the Lord revealed? +Isa. lii. 1. +Arm's end, the end of the ~; a good distance off. Dryden. P +Arm's length, the length of the ~. P Arm's reach, reach of +the ~; the distance the ~ can reach. P To go (or walk) ~ in +~, to go with the ~ or hand of one linked in the ~ of +another. =When arm in armwe went along.8 Tennyson. P To keep +at arm's length, to keep at a distance (literally or +figuratively); not to allow to come into close contact or +familiar intercourse. P To work at arm's length, to work +disadvantageously. +Arm, n. [See Arms.] (Mil.) (a) A branch of the military +service; as, the cavalry arm was made efficient. (b) A +weapon of offense or defense; an instrument of warfare; P +commonly in the pl. +Arm, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Armed (?) p. pr. & vb. n. Arming.] +[OE. armen, F. armer, fr. L. armare, fr. arma, pl., arms. +See arms.] 1. To take by the arm; to take up in one's arms. +[Obs.] +And make him with our pikes and partisans +A grave: come, arm him. +Shak. +Arm your prize; +I know you will not lose him. +Two N. Kins. +2. To furnish with arms or limbs. [R.] +His shoulders broad and strong, +Armed long and round. +Beau. & Fl. +3. To furnish or equip with weapons of offense or defense; +as, to arm soldiers; to arm the country. +Abram... armed his trained servants. +Gen. xiv. 14. +4. To cover or furnish with a plate, or with whatever will +add strength, force, security, or efficiency; as, to arm the +hit of a sword; to arm a hook in angling. +5. Fig.: To furnish with means of defense; to prepare for +resistance; to fortify, in a moral sense. +Arm yourselves... with the same mind. +1 Pet. iv. 1. +To ~ a magnet, to fit it with an armature. +Arm, v. i. To provide one's self with arms, weapons, or +means of attack or resistance; to take arms. = 'Ti? time to +arm.8 +Shak. + + <-- p. 82 --> + +ArOma6da (?), n. [Sp. armada, L. as if armata (sc. classic +fleet), fr. armatus, p. p. of armare. See Arm, v. t. Army.] +A fleet of armed ships; a squadron. Specifically, the +Spanish fleet which was sent to assail England, a. d. 1558. +Ar7maOdil6lo (?), n.; pl. Armadillos (?). [Sp. armadillo, +dim. of armado armed, p. p. of armar to arm. Do called from +being armed with a bony shell.] (Zol.) (a) Any edentate +animal if the family Dasypid, peculiar to America. The body +and head are incased in an armor composed of small bony +plates. The armadillos burrow in the earth, seldom going +abroad except at night. When attacked, they curl up into a +ball, presenting the armor on all sides. Their flesh is good +food. There are several species, one of which (the peba) ? +found as far north as Texas. See Peba, Poyou, Tatouay. (b) A +genus of small isopod Crustacea that can roll themselves +into a ball. +ArOma6do (?), n. Armada. [Obs.] +Ar6maOment (?), n. [L. armamenta, pl., utensils, esp. the +tackle of a ship, fr. armare to arm: cf. LL. armamentum, F. +armement.] 1. A body of forces equipped for war; P used of a +land or naval force. =The whole united armament of Greece.8 +Glover. +2. (Mil. & Nav.) All the cannon and small arms collectively, +with their equipments, belonging to a ship or a +fortification. +3. Any equipment for resistance. +Ar7maOmen6taOry (?), n. [L. armamentarium, fr. armamentum: +cf. F. armamentaire.] An armory; a magazine or arsenal. [R.] +Ar6maOture (?), n. [L. armatura, fr. armare to arm: cf. F. +armature. See Arm, v. t., Armor.] 1. Armor; whatever is worn +or used for the protection and defense of the body, esp. the +protective outfit of some animals and plants. +2. (Magnetism) A piece of soft iron used to connect the two +poles of a magnet, or electroPmagnet, in order to complete +the circuit, or to receive and apply the magnetic force. In +the ordinary horseshoe magnet, it serves to prevent the +dissipation of the magnetic force. +3. (Arch.) Iron bars or framing employed for the +consolidation of a building, as in sustaining slender +columns, holding up canopies, etc. +Oxf. Gloss. +Arm6chair7 (?), n. A chair with arms to support the elbows +or forearms. +Tennyson. +Armed (?), a. 1. Furnished with weapons of offense or +defense; furnished with the means of security or protection. +=And armed host.8 +Dryden. +2. Furnished with whatever serves to add strength, force, or +efficiency. +A distemper eminently armed from heaven. +De Foe. +3. (Her.) Having horns, beak, talons, etc; P said of beasts +and birds of prey. +w at all points (Blazoning), completely incased in armor, +sometimes described as armed capPPpie. Cussans. P w en +flute. (Naut.) See under Flute. P w magnet, a magnet +provided with an armature. P w neutrality. See under +Neutrality. +ArOme6niOan (?), a. [Cf. F. Armnien, L. Armenias, fr. +Armenia.] Of or pertaining to Armenia. +w bole, a soft clayey earth of a bright red color found in +Armenia, Tuscany, etc. P w stone. (a) The commercial name of +lapis lazurit. (b) Emery. +ArOme6niOan, n. 1. A native or one of the people of Armenia; +also, the language of the Armenians. +2. (Eccl. Hist.) An adherent of the w Church, an +organization similar in some doctrines and practices to the +Greek Church, in others to the Roman Catholic. +Arm6et (?), n. [F., dim. of arme arm, or corrupted for +healmet helmet.] A kind of helmet worn in the 14th, 15th, +and 16th centuries. +Arm6ful (?), n.; pl. Armfulus (?). As much as the arm can +hold. +Arm6gaunt7 (?), a. With gaunt or slender legs (?) =An +armgaunt steed.8 +Shak. +5 This word is peculiar to Shakespeare. Its meaning has not +yet been satisfactorily explained. +Arm6Pgret7 (?), a. Great as a man's arm. [Obs.] +A wreath of gold, armPgret. +Chaucer. +Arm6hole7 (?), n. [Arm + hole.] 1. The cavity under the +shoulder; the armpit. +Bacon. +2. A hole for the arm in a garment. +ArOmif6erOous (?), a. [L. armifer; arma arms + ferre to +bear.] Bearing arms or weapons. [R.] +Ar6miOger (?), n. [L. armiger armor bearer; arma arms + +gerere to bear.] Formerly, an armor bearer, as of a knight, +an esquire who bore his shield and rendered other services. +In later use, one next in degree to a knight, and entitled +to armorial bearings. The term is now superseded by esquire. +Jacob. +ArOmig6erOous (?), a. Bearing arms. [R.] +They belonged to the armigerous part of the population, and +were entitled to write themselves Esquire. +De Quincey. +Ar6mil (?), n. [L. armilla a bracelet, fr. armus arm: cf. +OF. armille.] 1. A bracelet. [Obs.] +2. An ancient astronomical instrument. +5 When composed of one ring placed in the plane of the +equator for determining the time of the equinoxes, it is +called an equinoctial armil; when of two or more rings, one +in the plane of the meridian, for observing the solstices, +it is called a solstitial armil. +Whewell. +X ArOmil6la (?), n.; pl. E. Armillas (?), L. Armill (?). +[L., a bracelet.] 1. An armil. +2. (Zol.) A ring of hair or feathers on the legs. +Ar6milOlaOry (?), a. [LL. armillarius, fr. L. armilla arm +ring, bracelet, fr. armus arm: cf. F. armillaire. See Arm, +n.] Pertaining to, or resembling, a bracelet or ring; +consisting of rings or circles. +w sphere, an ancient astronomical machine composed of an +assemblage of rings, all circles of the same sphere, +designed to represent the positions of the important circles +of the celestial sphere. +Nichol. +Arm6ing (?), n. 1. The act of furnishing with, or taking, +arms. +The arming was now universal. +Macaulay. +2. (Naut.) A piece of tallow placed in a cavity at the lower +end of a sounding lead, to bring up the sand, shells, etc., +of the sea bottom. +Totten. +3. pl. (Naut.) Red dress cloths formerly hung fore and aft +outside of a ship's upper works on holidays. +w press (Bookbinding), a press for stamping titles and +designs on the covers of books. +ArOmin6iOan (?; 277), a. Of or pertaining to Arminius of his +followers, or to their doctrines. See note under Arminian, +n. +ArOmin6iOan, n. (Eccl. Hist.) One who holds the tenets of +Arminius, a Dutch divine (b. 1560, d. 1609). +The ~ doctrines are: 1. Conditional election and +reprobation, in opposition to absolute predestination. 2. +Universal redemption, or that the atonement was made by +Christ for all mankind, though none but believers can be +partakers of the benefit. 3. That man, in order to exercise +true faith, must be regenerated and renewed by the operation +of the Holy Spirit, which is the gift of God. 4. That man +may resist divine grace. 5. That man may relapse from a +state of grace. +ArOmin6iOanOism (?), n. The religious doctrines or tenets of +the Arminians. +ArOmip6oOtence (?), n. [L. armipotentia, fr. armipotents.] +Power in arms. [R.] +Johnson. +ArOmip6oOtent (?), a. [L. armipotents; arma arms + potens +powerful, p. pr. of posse to be able.] Powerful in arms; +mighty in battle. +The temple stood of Mars armipotent. +Dryden. +ArOmis6oOnant (?), ArOmis6oOnous (?), } a. [L. armisonus; +arma arms + sonare (p. pr. sonans) to sound.] Rustling in +arms; resounding with arms. [Obs.] +Ar6misOtice (?), n. [F. armistice, fr. (an assumed word) L. +armistitium; arma arms + stare, statum (combining form, +Ostitum), to stand still.] A cessation of arms for a short +time, by convention; a temporary suspension of hostilities +by agreement; a truce. +Arm6less (?), a. 1. Without any arm or branch. +2. Destitute of arms or weapons. +Arm6let (?), n. [Arm + Olet.] 1. A small arm; as, an armlet +of the sea. +Johnson. +2. An arm ring; a bracelet for the upper arm. +3. Armor for the arm. +ArOmo6niOac (?), a. Ammoniac. [Obs.] +Ar6mor (?), n. [OE. armure, fr. F. armure, OF. armeure, fr. +L. armatura. See Armature.] [Spelt also armour.] 1. +Defensive arms for the body; any clothing or covering worn +to protect one's person in battle. +5 In English statues, armor is used for the whole apparatus +of war, including offensive as well as defensive arms. The +statues of armor directed what arms every man should +provide. +2. Steel or iron covering, whether of ships or forts, +protecting them from the fire of artillery. +Coat ~, the escutcheon of a person or family, with its +several charges and other furniture, as mantling, crest, +supporters, motto, etc. P Submarine , a waterPtight dress or +covering for a diver. See under Submarine. +Ar6morPbear7er (?), n. One who carries the armor or arms of +another; an armiger. +Judg. ix. 54. +Ar6mored (?), a. Clad with armor. +Ar6morOer (?), n. [OE. armurer, armerer, fr. F. armurter, +fr. armure armor.] 1. One who makes or repairs armor or +arms. +2. Formerly, one who had care of the arms and armor of a +knight, and who dressed him in armor. +Shak. +3. One who has the care of arms and armor, cleans or repairs +them, etc. +ArOmo6riOal (?), a. [F. armorial, fr. armoiries arms, coats +of arms, for armoieries, fr. OF. armoier to paint arms, +coats of arms, fr. armes, fr. L. arma. See Arms, Armory.] +Belonging to armor, or to the heraldic arms or escutcheon of +a family. +Figures with armorial signs of race and birth. +Wordsworth. +w bearings. See Arms, 4. +ArOmor6ic (?), ArOmor6iOcan (?), } a. [L. Armoricus, fr. +Celtic ar on, at + mor sea.] Of or pertaining to the +northwestern part of France (formerly called Armorica, now +Bretagne or Brittany), or to its people. P n. The language +of the Armoricans, a Celtic dialect which has remained to +the present times. +ArOmor6iOcan, n. A native of Armorica. +Ar6morOist (?), n. [F. armoriste.] One skilled in coat armor +or heraldry. +Cussans. +Ar6morPplat7ed (?), a. Covered with defensive plates of +metal, as a ship of war; steelPclad. +This day will be launched... the first armorPplated steam +frigate in the possession of Great Britain. +Times (Dec. 29, 1860). +Ar6moOry (?), n.; pl. Armories (?). [OF. armaire, armarie, +F. armoire, fr. L. armarium place for keeping arms; but +confused with F. armoiries. See Armorial, Ambry.] 1. A place +where arms and instruments of war are deposited for safe +keeping. +2. Armor: defensive and offensive arms. +Celestial armory, shields, helms, and spears. +Milton. +3. A manufactory of arms, as rifles, muskets, pistols, +bayonets, swords. [U.S.] +4. Ensigns armorial; armorial bearings. +Spenser. +5. That branch of heraldry which treats of coat armor. +The science of heraldry, or, more justly speaking, armory, +which is but one branch of heraldry, is, without doubt, of +very ancient origin. +Cussans. +Ar7moOzeen6, Ar7moOzine6 } (?), n. [F. armosin, armoisin.] A +thick plain silk, generally black, and used for clerical. +Simmonds. +Arm6pit7 (?), n. [Arm + pit.] The hollow beneath the +junction of the arm and shoulder; the axilla. +Arm6rack7 (?), n. A frame, generally vertical, for holding +small arms. +Arms (?), n. pl. [OE. armes, F. arme, pl. armes, fr. L. +arma, pl., arms, orig. fittings, akin to armus shoulder, and +E. arm. See Arm, n.] 1. Instruments or weapons of offense or +defense. +He lays down his arms, but not his wiles. +Milton. +Three horses and three goodly suits of arms. +Tennyson. +2. The deeds or exploits of war; military service or +science. =Arms and the man I sing.8 +Dryden. +3. (Law) Anything which a man takes in his hand in anger, to +strike or assault another with; an aggressive weapon. +Cowell. Blackstone. +4. (Her.) The ensigns armorial of a family, consisting of +figures and colors borne in shields, banners, etc., as marks +of dignity and distinction, and descending from father to +son. +5. (Falconry) The legs of a hawk from the thigh to the foot. +Halliwell. +Bred to ~, educated to the profession of a soldier. P In ~, +armed for war; in a state of hostility. P Small ~, portable +firearms known as muskets, rifles, carbines, pistols, etc. P +A stand of ~, a complete set for one soldier, as a musket, +bayonet, cartridge box and belt; frequently, the musket and +bayonet alone. P To ~! a summons to war or battle. P Under +~, armed and equipped and in readiness for battle, or for a +military parade. +Arm's end, Arm's length, Arm's reach. See under Arm. +Ar6mure (?), n. [F. See Armor.] 1. Armor. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +2. A variety of twilled fabric ribbed on the surface. +Ar6my (?), n. [F. arme, fr. L. armata, fem. of armatus, p. +p. of armare to arm. Cf. Armada.] 1. A collection or body of +men armed for war, esp. one organized in companies, +battalions, regiments, brigades, and divisions, under proper +officers. +2. A body of persons organized for the advancement of a +cause; as, the Blue Ribbon Army. +3. A great number; a vast multitude; a host. +An army of good words. +Shak. +Standing ~, a permanent ~ of professional soldiers, as +distinguished from militia or volunteers. +Ar6my worm7 (?). (Zol.) (a) A lepidopterous insect, which +in the larval state often travels in great multitudes from +field to field, destroying grass, grain, and other crops. +The common army worm of the northern United States is +Leucania unipuncta. The name is often applied to other +related species, as the cotton worm. (b) The larva of a +small twoPwinged fly (Sciara), which marches in large +companies, in regular order. See Cotton worm, under Cotton. +X Ar6na (?), X Ar6nee (?), } n. (Zol.) The wild buffalo of +India (Bos, or Bubalus, arni), larger than the domestic +buffalo and having enormous horns. +ArOnat6to (?), n. See Annotto. +Ar6niOca (?), n. [Prob. a corruption of ptarmica.] (Bot.) A +genus of plants; also, the most important species (Arnica +montana), native of the mountains of Europe, used in +medicine as a narcotic and stimulant. +5 The tincture of arnica is applied externally as a remedy +for bruises, sprains, etc. +Ar6niOcin (?), n. [See Arnica.] (Chem.) An active principle +of Arnica montana. It is a bitter resin. +Ar6niOcine (?), n. (Chem.) An alkaloid obtained from the +arnica plant. +Ar6not (?), Ar6nut (?), } n. [Cf. D. aardnoot, E. earthut.] +The earthnut. [Obs.] +ArOnot6to (?), n. Same as Annotto. +A6roid (?), AOroid6eOous (?), a. [Arum + Ooid.] (Bot.) +Belonging to, or resembling, the Arum family of plants. +AOroint6 (?), interj. [Cf. Prov. E. rynt, rynt thee, roynt, +or runt, terms used by milkmaids to a cow that has been +milked, in order to drive her away, to make room for others; +AS. r?man to make room or way, fr. r?m room. The final t is +perh. for ta, for thou. Cf. Room space.] Stand off, or +begone. [Obs.] +Aroint thee, witch, the rumpPfed ronyon cries. +Shak. +AOroint6, v. t. To drive or scare off by some exclamation. +[R.] =Whiskered cats arointed flee.8 Mrs. Browning. +AOro6ma (?), n. [L. aroma, Gr. ?: cf. OE. aromaz, aromat, +spice, F. aromate.] 1. The quality or principle of plants or +other substances which constitutes their fragrance; +agreeable odor; as, the aroma of coffee. +2. Fig.: The fine diffusive quality of intellectual power; +flavor; as, the subtile aroma of genius. +Ar7oOmat6ic (?), Ar7oOmat6icOal (?), } a. [L. aromaticus, +Gr. ?: cf. F. aromatique. See Aroma.] Pertaining to, or +containing, aroma; fragrant; spicy; strongPscented; +odoriferous; as, aromatic balsam. + <-- p. 83 --> + +Aromatic compound (Chem.), one of a large class of organic +substances, as the oils of bitter almonds, wintergreen, and +turpentine, the balsams, camphors, etc., many of which have +an aromatic odor. They include many of the most important of +the carbon compounds and may all be derived from the benzene +group, C6H6. The term is extended also to many of their +derivatives. P Aromatic vinegar. See under Vinegar. +Ar7oOmat6ic (?), n. A plant, drug, or medicine, +characterized by a fragrant smell, and usually by a warm, +pungent taste, as ginger, cinnamon spices. +Ar7oOmat7iOza6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. aromatisation.] The act +of impregnating or secting with aroma. +AOro6maOtize (?; 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aromatized (?); +p. pr. & vb. n. Aromatizing.] [ L. aromatizare, Gr. ?: cf. +F. aromatiser.] To impregnate with aroma; to render +aromatic; to give a spicy scent or taste to; to perfume. +Bacon. +AOro6maOti7zer (?), n. One who, or that which, aromatizes or +renders aromatic. +Evelyn. +AOro6maOtous (?), a. Aromatic. [Obs.] +Caxton. +Ar6oph (?), n. [A contraction of aroma philosophorum.] A +barbarous word used by the old chemists to designate various +medical remedies. [Obs.] +AOrose6 (?). The past or preterit tense of Arise. +AOround6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + round.] 1. In a circle; +circularly; on every side; round. +2. In a circuit; here and there within the surrounding +space; all about; as, to travel around from town to town. +3. Near; in the neighborhood; as, this man was standing +around when the fight took place. [Colloq. U. S.] +5 See Round, the shorter form, adv. & prep., which, in some +of the meanings, is more commonly used. +AOround6, prep. 1. On all sides of; encircling; +encompassing; so as to make the circuit of; about. +A lambent flame arose, which gently spread +Around his brows. +Dryden. +2. From one part to another of; at random through; about; on +another side of; as, to travel around the country; a house +standing around the corner. [Colloq. U. S.] +AOrous6al (?), n. The act of arousing, or the state of being +aroused. +Whatever has associated itself with the arousal and activity +of our better nature. +Hare. +AOrouse6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aroused (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Arousing.] [Pref. aO + rouse.] To excite to action from a +state of rest; to stir, or put in motion or exertion; to +rouse; to excite; as, to arouse one from sleep; to arouse +the dormant faculties. +Grasping his spear, forth issued to arouse +His brother, mighty sovereign on the host. +Cowper. +No suspicion was aroused. +Merivale. +AOrow6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + row.] In a row, line, or rank; +successively; in order. +Shak. +And twenty, rank in rank, they rode arow. +Dryden. +AOroynt6 (?), interj. See Aroint. +X ArOpeg6gio (?), n. [It., fr. arpeggiare to play on the +harp, fr. arpa harp.] (Mus.) The production of the tones of +a chord in rapid succession, as in playing the harp, and not +simultaneously; a strain thus played. +Ar6pent (?), Ar6pen (?), } n. [F. arpent, fr. L. arepennis, +arapennis. According to Columella, a Gallic word for a +measure equiv. to half a Roman jugerum.] Formerly, a measure +of land in France, varying in different parts of the +country. The arpent of Paris was 46o88 sq. yards, or nearly +five sixths of an English acre. The woodland arpent was +about 1 acre, 1 rood, 1 perch, English. +Ar7penOta6tor (?), n. [See Arpent.] The Anglicized form of +the French arpenteur, a land surveyor. [R.] +Ar6pine (?), n. An arpent. [Obs.] +Webster (1623). +Ar6quaOted (?), a. Shaped like a bow; arcuate; curved. [R.] +Ar6queObus, Ar6queObuse } (?; 277), n. [F. arquebuse, OF. +harquebuse, fr. D. haakPbus; cf. G. hakenbchse a gun with a +hook. See Hagbut.] A sort of hand gun or firearm a +contrivance answering to a trigger, by which the burning +match was applied. The musket was a later invention. +[Written also harquebus.] +Ar7queObusOade6 (?), n. [F. arquebusade shot of an arquebus; +eau d'arquebusade a vulnerary for gunshot wounds.] 1. The +shot of an arquebus. +Ash. +2. A distilled water from a variety of aromatic plants, as +rosemary, millefoil, etc.; P originally used as a vulnerary +in gunshot wounds. +Parr. +Ar7queObusOier (?), n. [F. arquebusier.] A soldier armed +with an arquebus. +Soldiers armed with guns, of whatsoever sort or +denomination, appear to have been called arquebusiers. +E. Lodge. +Ar6quiOfoux (?), n. Same as Alquifou. +Ar6rach (?), n. See Orach. +Ar6rack (?; 277), n. [Ar. araq sweat, juice, spirituous +liquor, fr. araqa to sweat. Cf. Rack arrack.] A name in the +East Indies and the Indian islands for all ardent spirits. +Arrack is often distilled from a fermented mixture of rice, +molasses, and palm wine of the cocoanut tree or the date +palm, etc. +ArOrag6oOnite (?), n. See Aragonite. +ArOraign6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Arraigned (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Arraigning.] [OE. arainen, arenen, OF. aragnier, +aranier, araisnier, F. arraisonner, fr. LL. arrationare to +address to call before court; L. ad + ratio reason, +reasoning, LL. cause, judgment. See Reason.] 1. (Law) To +call or set as a prisoner at the bar of a court to answer to +the matter charged in an indictment or complaint. +Blackstone. +2. To call to account, or accuse, before the bar of reason, +taste, or any other tribunal. +They will not arraign you for want of knowledge. +Dryden. +It is not arrogance, but timidity, of which the Christian +body should now be arraigned by the world. +I. Taylor. +Syn. - To accuse; impeach; charge; censure; criminate; +indict; denounce. See Accuse. +ArOraign6, n. Arraignment; as, the clerk of the arraigns. +Blackstone. Macaulay. + +ArOraign6 (?), v. t. [From OF. aramier, fr. LL. adhramire.] +(Old Eng. Law) To appeal to; to demand; as, to arraign an +assize of novel disseizin. +ArOraign6er (?), n. One who arraigns. +Coleridge. +ArOraign6ment (?), n. [Cf. OF. arraynement, aresnement.] 1. +(Law) The act of arraigning, or the state of being +arraigned; the act of calling and setting a prisoner before +a court to answer to an indictment or complaint. +2. A calling to an account to faults; accusation. +In the sixth satire, which seems only an Arraignment of the +whole sex, there is a latent admonition. +Dryden. +ArOrai6ment, ArOray6ment (?), n. [From Array, v. t.] +Clothes; raiment. [Obs.] +ArOrange6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Arranged ; p. pr. & vb. +n. Arranging (?).] [OE. arayngen, OF. arengier, F. arranger, +fr. a (L. ad) + OF. rengier, rangier, F. ranger. See Range, +v. t.] 1. To put in proper order; to dispose (persons, or +parts) in the manner intended, or best suited for the +purpose; as, troops arranged for battle. +So [they] came to the market place, and there he arranged +his men in the streets. +Berners. +[They] were beginning to arrange their hampers. +Boswell. +A mechanism previously arranged. +Paley. +2. To adjust or settle; to prepare; to determine; as, to +arrange the preliminaries of an undertaking. +Syn. - Adjust; adapt; range; dispose; classify. +ArOrange6ment (?), n. [Cf. F. arrangement.] 1. The act of +arranging or putting in an orderly condition; the state of +being arranged or put in order; disposition in suitable +form. +2. The manner or result of arranging; system of parts +disposed in due order; regular and systematic +classification; as, arrangement of one's dress; the Linnan +arrangement of plants. +3. Preparatory proceeding or measure; preparation; as, we +have made arrangement for receiving company. +4. Settlement; adjustment by agreement; as, the parties have +made an arrangement between themselves concerning their +disputes; a satisfactory arrangement. +5. (Mus.) (a) The adaptation of a composition to voices or +instruments for which it was not originally written. (b) A +piece so adapted; a transcription; as, a pianoforte +arrangement of Beethoven's symphonies; an orchestral +arrangement of a song, an opera, or the like. +ArOran6ger (?), n. One who arranges. + Burke. +Ar6rant (?), a. [OE. erraunt, errant, errand, equiv. to E. +errant wandering, which was first applied to vagabonds, as +an errant rogue, an errant thief, and hence passed gradually +into its present and worse sense. See Errant.] Notoriously +or pre minently bad; thorough or downright, in a bad sense; +shameless; unmitigated; as, an arrant rogue or coward. +I discover an arrant laziness in my soul. +Fuller. +2. Thorough or downright, in a good sense. [Obs.] +An arrant honest woman. +Burton. +Ar6rantOly, adv. Notoriously, in an ill sense; infamously; +impudently; shamefully. +L'Estrange. +Ar6ras (?), n. [From Arras the capital of Artois, in the +French Netherlands.] Tapestry; a rich figured fabric; +especially, a screen or hangings of heavy cloth with +interwoven figures. +Stateliest couches, with rich arras spread. +Cowper. +Behind the arras I'll convey myself. +Shak. +Ar6ras, v. t. To furnish with an ~. +Chapman. +Ar7rasOene6 (?), n. [From Arras.] A material of wool or silk +used for working the figures in embroidery. +X ArOras6tre (?), n. [Sp.] A rude apparatus for pulverizing +ores, esp. those containing free gold. +Ar6rasOwise7 (?), Ar6rasOways7 , adv. [Prob. a corruption of +arriswise. See Arris.] Placed in such a position as to +exhibit the top and two sides, the corner being in front; P +said of a rectangular form. +Encyc. Brit. Cussans. +ArOraught6 (?). [The past tense of an old v. areach or +arreach. Cf. Reach, obs. pret. raught.] Obtained; seized. +Spenser. +ArOray6 (?), n. [OE. arai, arrai, OF. arrai, arrei, arroi, +order, arrangement, dress, F. arroi; a (L. ad) + OF. rai, +rei, roi, order, arrangement, fr. G. or Scand.; cf. Goth. +raidjan, garaidjan, to arrange, MHG. gereiten, Icel. rei?i +rigging, harness; akin to E. ready. Cf. Ready, Greith, +Curry.] 1. Order; a regular and imposing arrangement; +disposition in regular lines; hence, order of battle; as, +drawn up in battle array. +Wedged together in the closest array. +Gibbon. +2. The whole body of persons thus placed in order; an +orderly collection; hence, a body of soldiers. +A gallant array of nobles and cavaliers. +Prescott. +3. An imposing series of things. +Their long array of sapphire and of gold. +Byron. +4. Dress; garments disposed in order upon the person; rich +or beautiful apparel. +Dryden. +5. (Law) (a) A ranking or setting forth in order, by the +proper officer, of a jury as impaneled in a cause. (b) The +panel itself. (c) The whole body of jurors summoned to +attend the court. +To challenge the ~ (Law), to except to the whole panel. +Cowell. Tomlins. Blount. P Commission of ~ (Eng. Hist.), a +commission given by the prince to officers in every county, +to muster and array the inhabitants, or see them in a +condition for war. +Blackstone. +ArOray6, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Arrayed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. +Arraying.] [OE. araien, arraien, fr. OE. arraier, arreier, +arreer, arroier, fr. arrai. See Array, n.] 1. To place or +dispose in order, as troops for battle; to marshal. +By torch and trumpet fast arrayed, +Each horseman drew his battle blade. +Campbell. +These doubts will be arrayed before their minds. +Farrar. +2. To deck or dress; to adorn with dress; to cloth to +envelop; P applied esp. to dress of a splendid kind. +Pharaoh... arrayed him in vestures of fine linen. +Gen. xli. ?. +In gelid caves with horrid glo?m arrayed. +Trumb?ll. +3. (Law) To set in order, as a jury, for the trial of a +cause; that is, to call them man by man. +Blackstone. +To ~ a panel, to set forth in order the m?n that are +impaneled. +Cowell. Tomlins. +Syn. - To draw up; arrange; dispose; set in order. +ArOray6er , n. One who arrays. In some early English +statutes, applied to an officer who had care of the +soldiers' armor, and who saw them duly accoutered. +ArOrear6 (?), adv. [OE. arere, OF. arere, ariere, F. +arri +re, fr. L. ad + retro backward. See Rear.] To or in +the rear; behind; backwards. [Obs.] +Spenser. +ArOrear6, n. That which is behind in payment, or which +remains unpaid, though due; esp. a remainder, or balance +which remains due when some part has been paid; arrearage; P +commonly used in the plural, as, arrears of rent, wages, or +taxes. +Locke. +For much I dread due payment by the Greeks +Of yesterday's arrear. +Cowper. +I have a large arrear of letters to write. +J. D. Forbes. +In ~ or In arrears, behind; backward; behindhand; in debt. +ArOrear6age (?), n. [F. arrrage, fr. arri +re, OF. arere. +See Arrear.] That which remains unpaid and overdue, after +payment of a part; arrears. +The old arrearages... being defrayed. +Howell. +ArOrect6 (?), ArOrect6ed, } a. [L. arrectus, p. p. of +arrigere to raise, erect; ad + regere to lead straight, to +direct.] 1. Lifted up; raised; erect. +2. Attentive, as a person listening. [Obs.] +God speaks not the idle and unconcerned hearer, but to the +vigilant and arrect. +Smalridge. +ArOrect6, v. t. 1. To direct. [Obs.] +My supplication to you I arrect. +Skelton. +2. [See Aret.] To impute. [Obs.] +Sir T. More. +ArOrect6aOry (?), n. [L. arrectarius, fr. arrigere o set +up.] An upright beam. [Obs.] +Bp. Hall. +Ar7reOnot6oOkous (?), a. [Gr. ? bearing males; ? a male + ? +a bringing forth.] (Zol.) Producing males from unfertilized +eggs, as certain wasps and bees. +Ar7renOta6tion (?)(?). [Cf. F. arrenter to give or take as +rent. See Arendator.] (O. Eng. Law) A letting or renting, +esp. a license to inclose land in a forest with a low hedge +and a ditch, under a yearly rent. +ArOrep6tion (?), n. [L. arripere, arreptum, to seize, +snatch; ad + rapere to snatch. See Rapacious.] The act of +taking away. [Obs.] =This arreption was sudden.8 +Bp. Hall. +Ar7repOti6tious (?), a. [L. arreptitius.] Snatched away; +seized or possessed, as a demoniac; raving; mad; +crackPbrained. [Obs.] +Odd, arreptitious, frantic extravagances. +Howell. +ArOrest6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Arrested; p. pr. & vb. n. +Arresting.] [OE. aresten, OF. arester, F. arrter, fr. LL. +arrestare; L. ad + restare to remain, stop; re + stare to +stand. See Rest remainder.] 1. To stop; to check or hinder +the motion or action of; as, to arrest the current of a +river; to arrest the senses. +Nor could her virtues the relentless hand +Of Death arrest. +Philips. +2. (Law) To take, seize, or apprehend by authority of law; +as, to arrest one for debt, or for a crime. +5 After his word Shakespeare uses of (=I arrest thee of high +treason8) or on; the modern usage is for. +3. To seize on and fix; to hold; to catch; as, to arrest the +eyes or attention. +Buckminster. +4. To rest or fasten; to fix; to concentrate. [Obs.] +We may arrest our thoughts upon the divine mercies. +Jer. Taylor. +Syn. - To obstruct; delay; detain; check; hinder; stop; +apprehend; seize; lay hold of. +ArOrest6, v. i. To tarry; to rest. [Obs.] +Spenser. +ArOrest6, n. [OE. arest, arrest, OF. arest, F. arrt, fr. +arester. See Arrest, v. t., Arr?t.] 1. The act of stopping, +or restraining from further motion, etc.; stoppage; +hindrance; restraint; as, an arrest of development. +As the arrest of the air showeth. +Bacon. +2. (Law) The taking or apprehending of a person by authority +of law; legal restraint; custody. Also, a decree, mandate, +or warrant. +William... ordered him to be put under arrest. +Macaulay. +[Our brother Norway] sends out arrests +On Fortinbras; which he, in brief, obeys. +Shak. +5 An ~ may be made by seizing or touching the body; but it +is sufficient in the party be within the power of the +officer and submit to the ~. In Admiralty law, and in old +English practice, the term is applied to the seizure of +property. +3. Any seizure by power, physical or moral. +The sad stories of fire from heaven, the burning of his +sheep, etc.,.. were sad arrests to his troubled spirit. +Jer. Taylor. +4. (Far.) A scurfiness of the back part of the hind leg of a +horse; P also named ratOtails. +White. +w of judgment (Law), the staying or stopping of a judgment, +after verdict, for legal cause. The motion for this purpose +is called a motion in arrest of judgment. +Ar7resOta6tion (?), n. [F. arrestation, LL. arrestatio.] +Arrest. [R.] +The arrestation of the English resident in France was +decreed by the National Convention. +H. M. Williams. +Ar7resOtee6 (?), n. [See Arrest, v.] (Scots Law) The person +in whose hands is the property attached by arrestment. +ArOrest6er (?), n. 1. One who arrests. +2. (Scots Law) The person at whose suit an arrestment is +made. [Also written arrestor.] + + <-- p. 84 --> + +ArOrest6ing (?), a. Striking; attracting attention; +impressive. +This most solemn and arresting occurrence. +J. H. Newman. +ArOrest6ive (?), a. Tending to arrest. +McCosh. +ArOrest6ment , n. [OF. arrestement.] 1. (Scots Law) The +arrest of a person, or the seizure of his effects; esp., a +process by which money or movables in the possession of a +third party are attached. +2. A stoppage or check. +Darwin. +X ArOrt (?), n. [F. See Arrest, n.] (F. Law) (a) A +judgment, decision, or decree of a court or high tribunal; +also, a decree of a sovereign. (b) An arrest; a legal +seizure. +ArOret6 (?), v. t. Same as Aret. [Obs.] +Spenser. +Ar7rhaOphos6tic (?), a. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? to sew +together.] Seamless. [R.] +ArOrhi6zal (?), ArOrhi6zous (?), } a. [Gr. ? not rooted; ? +priv. + ? a root.] (Bot.) Destitute of a true root, as a +parasitical plant. +ArOrhyth6mic (?), ArOrhyth6mous (?), } a. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + +? rhythm.] (Med.) Being without rhythm or regularity, as the +pulse. +Ar6rhytOmy (?), n. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? rhythm.] Want of +rhythm. [R.] +ArOride6 (?), v. t. [L. arridere; ad + ridere to laugh.] To +please; to gratify. [Archaic] +B. Jonson. +Above all thy rarities, old Oxenford, what do most arride +and solace me are thy repositories of moldering learning. +Lamb. +ArOriere6 (?), n. [F. arri +re. See Arrear.] =That which is +behind8; the rear; P chiefly used as an adjective in the +sense of behind, rear, subordinate. +w fee, w fief, a fee or fief dependent on a superior fee, or +a fee held of a feudatory. P w vassal, the vassal of a +vassal. +ArOriere6Pban7 (?), n. [F., fr. OE. arban, heriban, fr. OHG. +hariban, heriban, G. heerbann, the calling together of an +army; OHG. heri an army + ban a public call or order. The +French have misunderstood their old word, and have changed +it into arri +rePban, though arri +re has no connection with +its proper meaning. See Ban, Abandon.] A proclamation, as of +the French kings, calling not only their immediate +feudatories, but the vassals of these feudatories, to take +the field for war; also, the body of vassals called or +liable to be called to arms, as in ancient France. +Ar6ris (?), n. [OF. areste, F. arte, fr. L. arista the top +or beard of an ear of grain, the bone of a fish.] (Arch.) +The sharp edge or salient angle formed by two surfaces +meeting each other, whether plane or curved; P applied +particularly to the edges in moldings, and to the raised +edges which separate the flutings in a Doric column. +P. Cyc. +w fillet, a triangular piece of wood used to raise the +slates of a roof against a chimney or wall, to throw off the +rain. Gwilt. P w gutter, a gutter of a V form fixed to the +eaves of a building. Gwilt. +Ar6rish (?), n. [See Eddish.] The stubble of wheat or grass; +a stubble field; eddish. [Eng.] [Written also arish, ersh, +etc.] +The moment we entered the stubble or arrish. +Blackw. Mag. +Ar6risOwise7 (?), adv. Diagonally laid, as ??es; ridgewise. +ArOriv6al (?), n. [From Arrive.] 1. The act of arriving, or +coming; the act of reaching a place from a distance, whether +by water (as in its original sense) or by land. +Our watchmen from the towers, with longing eyes, +Expect his swift arrival. +Dryden. +2. The attainment or reaching of any object, by effort, or +in natural course; as, our arrival at this conclusion was +wholly unexpected. +3. The person or thing arriving or which has arrived; as, +news brought by the last arrival. +Another arrival still more important was speedily announced. +Macaulay. +4. An approach. [Obs.] +The house has a corner arrival. +H. Walpole. +ArOriv6ance (?), n. Arrival. [Obs.] +Shak. +ArOrive6 (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Arrived (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Arriving.] [OE. ariven to arrive, land, OF. ariver, F. +arriver, fr. LL. arripare, adripare, to come to shore; L. ad ++ ripa the shore or sloping bank of a river. Cf. Riparian.] +1. To come to the shore or bank. In present usage: To come +in progress by water, or by traveling on land; to reach by +water or by land; P followed by at (formerly sometimes by +to), also by in and from. =Arrived in Padua.8 +Shak. +[neas] sailing with a fleet from Sicily, arrived... and +landed in the country of Laurentum. +Holland. +There was no outbreak till the regiment arrived at Ipswich. +Macaulay. +2. To reach a point by progressive motion; to gain or +compass an object by effort, practice, study, inquiry, +reasoning, or experiment. +To ~ at, or attain to. +When he arrived at manhood. +Rogers. +We arrive at knowledge of a law of nature by the +generalization of facts. +McCosh. +If at great things thou wouldst arrive. +Milton. +3. To come; said of time; as, the time arrived. +4. To happen or occur. [Archaic] +Happy! to whom this glorious death arrives. +Waller. +ArOrive6, v. t. 1. To bring to shore. [Obs.] +And made the seaPtrod ship arrive them. +Chapman. +2. To reach; to come to. [Archaic] +Ere he arrive the happy isle. +Milton. +Ere we could arrive the point proposed. +Shak. +Arrive at last the blessed goal. +Tennyson. +ArOrive6, n. Arrival. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +How should I joy of thy arrive to hear! +Drayton. +ArOriv6er (?), n. One who arrives. +X ArOro6ba (?), n. [Sp. and Pg., from Ar. arrub, arPrubu, a +fourth part.] 1. A Spanish weight used in Mexico and South +America ? 25736 lbs. avoir.; also, an old Portuguese weight, +used in Brazil ? 32738 lbs. avoir. +2. A Spanish liquid measure for wine ? 3754 imp. gallons, +and for oil ? 2.78 imp. gallons. +Ar6roOgance (?), n. [F., fr. L. arrogantia, fr. arrogans. +See Arrogant.] The act or habit of arrogating, or making +undue claims in an overbearing manner; that species of pride +which consists in exorbitant claims of rank, dignity, +estimation, or power, or which exalts the worth or +importance of the person to an undue degree; proud contempt +of others; lordliness; haughtiness; selfPassumption; +presumption. +i hate not you for her proud arrogance. +Shak. +Syn. - Haughtiness; hauteur; assumption; lordliness; +presumption; pride; disdain; insolence; conceit; +conceitedness. See Haughtiness. +Ar6roOganOcy (?), n. Arrogance. +Shak. +Ar6roOgant (?), a. [F. arrogant, L. arrogans, p. pr. of +arrogare. See Arrogate.] 1. Making, or having the +disposition to make, exorbitant claims of rank or +estimation; giving one's self an undue degree of importance; +assuming; haughty; P applied to persons. +Arrogant Winchester, that haughty prelate. +Shak. +2. Containing arrogance; marked with arrogance; proceeding +from undue claims or selfPimportance; P applied to things; +as, arrogant pretensions or behavior. +Syn. - Magisterial; lordly; proud; assuming; overbearing; +presumptuous; haughty. See Magisterial. +Ar6roOgantOly, adv. In an arrogant manner; with undue pride +or selfPimportance. +Ar6roOgantOness, n. Arrogance. [R.] +Ar6roOgate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Arrogated (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Arrogating (?).] [L. arrogatus, p. p. of adrogare, +arrogare, to ask, appropriate to one's self; ad + rogare to +ask. See Rogation.] To assume, or claim as one's own, +unduly, proudly, or presumptuously; to make undue claims to, +from vanity or baseless pretensions to right or merit; as, +the pope arrogated dominion over kings. +He arrogated to himself the right of deciding dogmatically +what was orthodox doctrine. +Macaulay. +Ar7roOga6tion (?), n. [L. arrogatio, fr. arrogare. Cf. +Adrogation.] 1. The act of arrogating, or making exorbitant +claims; the act of taking more than one is justly entitled +to. +Hall. +2. (Civ. Law) Adoption of a person of full age. +Ar6roOgaOtive (?), a. Making undue claims and pretension; +prone to arrogance. [R.] +Dr. H. More. +X Ar7ron7disse7ment6 (?), n. [F., fr. arrondir to make +round; ad + rond round, L. rotundus.] A subdivision of a +department. [France] +5 The territory of France, since the revolution, has been +divided into departments, those into arrondissements, those +into cantons, and the latter into communes. +ArOrose6 (?), v. t. [F. arroser.] To drench; to besprinkle; +to moisten. [Obs.] +The blissful dew of heaven does arrose you. +Two N. Kins. +ArOro6sion (?), n. [L. arrodere, arrosum, to gnaw: cf. F. +arrosion.] A gnawing. [Obs.] +Bailey. +Ar6row (?), n. [OE. arewe, AS. arewe, earh; akin to Icel. +r, rvar, Goth. arhwazna, and perh. L. arcus bow. Cf. Arc.] +A missile weapon of offense, slender, pointed, and usually +feathered and barbed, to be shot from a bow. +Broad ~. (a) An ~ with a broad head. (b) A mark placed upon +British ordnance and government stores, which bears a rude +resemblance to a broad arrowhead. +Ar6row grass7 (?), n. (Bot.) An herbaceous grasslike plant +(Triglochin palustre, and other species) with pods opening +so as to suggest barbed arrowheads. +Ar6rowOhead7 (?), n. 1. The head of an arrow. +2. (Bot.) An aquatic plant of the genus Sagittaria, esp. S. +sagittifolia, P named from the shape of the leaves. +Ar6rowOhead7ed, a. Shaped like the head of an arow; +cuneiform. +w characters, characters the elements of which consist of +strokes resembling arrowheads, nailheads, or wedges; P hence +called also nailPheaded, wedgePformed, cuneiform, or +cuneatic characters; the oldest written characters used in +the country about the Tigris and Euphrates, and subsequently +in Persia, and abounding among the ruins of Persepolis, +Nineveh, and Babylon. See Cuneiform. +Ar6rowOroot7 (?), n. 1. (Bot.) A west Indian plant of the +genus Maranta, esp. M. arundinacea, now cultivated in many +hot countries. It said that the Indians used the roots to +neutralize the venom in wounds made by poisoned arrows. +2. A nutritive starch obtained from the rootstocks of +Maranta arundinacea, and used as food, esp. for children an +invalids; also, a similar starch obtained from other plants, +as various species of Maranta and Curcuma. +Ar6rowOwood7 (?), n. A shrub (Viburnum dentatum) growing in +damp woods and thickets; P so called from the long, +straight, slender shoots. +Ar6rowOworm7 , n. (Zol.) A peculiar transparent worm of the +genus Sagitta, living at the surface of the sea. See +Sagitta. +Ar6rowOy (?), a. 1. Consisting of arrows. +How quick they wheeled, and flying, behind them shot +Sharp sleet of arrowy showers. +Milton. +2. Formed or moving like, or in any respect resembling, an +arrow; swift; darting; piercing. =His arrowy tongue.8 +Cowper. +By the blue rushing of the arrowy Rhone. +Byron. +With arrowy vitalities, vivacities, and ingenuities. +Carlyle. +X ArOroy6o (?), n.; pl Arroyos (?). [Sp., fr. LL. arrogium; +cf. Gr. ? river, stream, fr. ? to flow.] 1. A water course; +a rivulet. +2. The dry bed of a small stream. [Western U. S.] +X Ar6schin (?), n. See Arshine. +Arse , n. [AS. ears; rs; akin to OHG. ars. G. arsch, D. +aars, Sw. ars, Dan. arts, Gr. ? (cf. ? tail).] The buttocks, +or hind part of an animal; the posteriors; the fundament; +the bottom. +Ar6seOnal , n. [Sp. & F. arsenal arsenal, dockyard, or It. +arzanale, arsenale (cf. It. & darsena dock); all fr. Ar. +d>r?in>'a house of industry or fabrication; d>r house + ?in> +art, industry.] A public establishment for the storage, or +for the manufacture and storage, of arms and all military +equipments, whether for land or naval service. +Ar6seOnate (?), n. (Chem.) A salt of arsenic acid. +ArOse6niOate , n. See Arsenate. [R.] +Ar6seOnic (?; 277), n. [L. arsenicum, Gr. ?, ?, yellow +orpiment, perh. fr. ? or better Attic ? masculine, ? male, +on account of its strength, or fr. Per. zernFkh: cf. F. +arsenic.] 1. (Chem.) One of the elements, a solid substance +resembling a metal in its physical properties, but in its +chemical relations ranking with the nonmetals. It is of a +steelPgray color and brilliant luster, though usually dull +from tarnish. It is very brittle, and sublimes at 3560 +Fahrenheit. It is sometimes found native, but usually +combined with silver, cobalt, nickel, iron, antimony, or +sulphur. Orpiment and realgar are two of its sulphur +compounds, the first of which is the true arsenticum of the +ancients. The element and its compounds are active poisons. +Specific gravity from 5.7 to 5.9. Atomic weight. Symbol As. +2. (Com.) Arsenious oxide or arsenious anhydride; P called +also arsenious acid, white arsenic, and ratsbane. +ArOsen6ic , a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, ~; P +said of those compounds of ~ in which this element hat its +highest equivalence; as, arsenic acid. +ArOsen6icOal , a. Of or pertaining to, or containing, +arsenic; as, arsenical vapor; arsenical wall papers. +~ silver, an ore of silver containing arsenic. +ArOsen6iOcate , v. t. [imp. & p. p. Arsenicated; p. pr. & +vb. n. Arsenicating.] To combine with arsenic; to treat or +impregnate with arsenic. +ArOsen6iOcism , n. (Med.) A diseased condition produced by +slow poisoning with arsenic. +Ar6senOide (?), n. (Chem.) A compound of arsenic with a +metal, or positive element or radical; P formerly called +arseniuret. +Ar7senOif6erOous (?), a. [Arsenic + Oferous.] Containing or +producing arsenic. +ArOse6niOous (?), a. [Cf. F. arsnieux.] 1. Pertaining to, +consisting of, or containing, arsenic; as, arsenious powder +or glass. +2. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, arsenic, when +having an equivalence next lower than the highest; as, +arsenious acid. +Ar6senOite (?), n. [Cf. F. arsnite.] (Chem.) A salt formed +by the union of arsenious acid with a base. +Ar7seOni6uOret (?), n. (Chem.) See Arsenide. +Ar7seOni6uOret7ed, a.(Chem.) Combined with arsenic; P said +some elementary substances or radicals; as, arseniureted +hydrogen. [Also spelt arseniuretted.] +Ar7senOoOpyr6ite (?), n. [Arsenic + pyrite.] (Min.) A +mineral of a tinPwhite color and metallic luster, containing +arsenic, sulphur, and iron; P also called arsenical pyrites +and mispickel. +Arse6smart (?), n. Smartweed; water pepper. +Dr. Prior. +X Ar6shine (?), n. [Russ. arshin, of TurkishPTartar origin; +Turk. arshin, arsh?n, ell, yard.] A Russian measure of +length = 2 ft. 4.246 inches. +Ar6sine (?), n. [From Arsenic.] (Chem.) A compound of +arsenic and hydrogen, AsH3, a colorless and exceedingly +poisonous gas, having and odor like garlic; arseniureted +hydrogen. +X Ar6sis (?), n. [L. arsis, Gr. ? a raising or lifting, an +elevation of the voice, fr. ? to raise or apprehension; +originally and properly it denotes the lifting of the hand +in beating time, and hence the unaccented part of the +rhythm.] 1. (Pros.) (a) That part of a foot where the ictus +is put, or which is distinguished from the rest (known as +the thesis) of the foot by a greater stress of voice. +Hermann. (b) That elevation of voice now called metrical +accentuation, or the rhythmic accent. +5 It is uncertain whether the arsis originally consisted in +a higher musical tone, greater volume, or longer duration of +sound, or in all combined. +2. (Mus.) The elevation of the hand, or that part of the bar +at which it is raised, in beating time; the weak or +unaccented part of the bar; P opposed to thesis. +Moore. +Ars7met6rike (?), n. [An erroneous form of arithmetic, as if +from L. ars metrica the measuring art.] Arithmetic. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +Ar6son (?; 277), n. [OF. arson, arsun, fr. L. ardere, arsum, +to burn.] (Law) The malicious burning of a dwelling house or +outhouse of another man, which by the common law is felony; +the malicious and voluntary firing of a building or ship. +Wharton. +5 The definition of this crime is varied by statues in +different countries and states. The English law of ~ has +been considerably modified in the United States; in some of +the States it has been materially enlarged, while in others, +various degrees of ~ have been established, with +corresponding punishment. +Burrill. +Art (?). The second person singular, indicative mode, +present tense, of the substantive verb Be; but formed after +the analogy of the plural are, with the ending Ot, as in +thou shalt, witt, orig. an ending of the second person sing. +pret. Cf. Be. Now used only in solemn or poetical style. + + <-- p. 85 --> + +Art (?), n. [F. art, L. ars, artis, orig., skill in joining +or fitting; prob. akin to E. arm, aristocrat, article.] 1. +The employment of means to accomplish some desired end; the +adaptation of things in the natural world to the uses of +life; the application of knowledge or power to practical +purposes. +Blest with each grace of nature and of art. +Pope. +2. A system of rules serving to facilitate the performance +of certain actions; a system of principles and rules for +attaining a desired end; method of doing well some special +work; P often contradistinguished from science or +speculative principles; as, the art of building or +engraving; the art of war; the art of navigation. +Science is systematized knowledge... Art is knowledge made +efficient skill. +J. F. Genung. +3. The systematic application of knowledge or skill in +effecting a desired result. Also, an occupation or business +requiring such knowledge or skill. +The fishermen can't employ their art with so much success in +so troubled a sea. +Addison. +4. The application of skill to the production of the +beautiful by imitation or design, or an occupation in which +skill is so employed, as in painting and sculpture; one of +the fine arts; as, he prefers art to literature. +5. pl. Those branches of learning which are taught in the +academical course of colleges; as, master of arts. +In fearless youth we tempt the heights of arts. +Pope. +Four years spent in the arts (as they are called in +colleges) is, perhaps, laying too laborious a foundation. +Goldsmith. +6. Learning; study; applied knowledge, science, or letters. +[Archaic] +So vast is art, so narrow human wit. +Pope. +7. Skill, dexterity, or the power of performing certain +actions, asquired by experience, study, or observation; +knack; a, a man has the art of managing his business to +advantage. +8. Skillful plan; device. +They employed every art to soothe... the discontented +warriors. +Macaulay. +9. Cunning; artifice; craft. +Madam, I swear I use no art at all. +Shak. +Animals practice art when opposed to their superiors in +strength. +Crabb. +10 To black art; magic. [Obs.] +Shak. +w and part (Scots Law), share or concern by aiding and +abetting a criminal in the perpetration of a crime, whether +by advice or by assistance in the execution; complicity. +5 The arts are divided into various classes. The useful, +mechanical, or industrial arts are those in which the hands +and body are concerned than the mind; as in making clothes +and utensils. These are called trades. The fine arts are +those which have primarily to do with imagination taste, and +are applied to the production of what is beautiful. They +include poetry, music, painting, engraving, sculpture, and +architecture; but the term is often confined to painting, +sculpture, and architecture. The liberal arts (artes +liberales, the higher arts, which, among the Romans, only +freemen were permitted to pursue) were, in the Middle Ages, +these seven branches of learning, P grammar, logic, +rhetoric, arithmetic, geometry, music, and astronomy. In +modern times the liberal arts include the sciences, +philosophy, history, etc., which compose the course of +academical or collegiate education. Hence, degrees in the +arts; master and bachelor of arts. +In America, literature and the elegant arts must grow up +side by side with the coarser plants of daily necessity. +Irving. +Syn. - Science; literature; aptitude; readiness; skill; +dexterity; adroitness; contrivance; profession; business; +trade; calling; cunning; artifice; duplicity. See Science. +X ArOte6miOa (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, a Greek goddess.] +(Zol.) A genus of phyllopod Crustacea found in salt lakes +and brines; the brine shrimp. See Brine shrimp. +Ar7teOmi6siOa (?), n. [L. Artemisia, Gr. ?.] (Bot.) A genus +of plants including the plants called mugwort, southernwood, +and wormwood. Of these A. absinthium, or common wormwood, is +well known, and A. tridentata is the sage brush of the Rocky +Mountain region. +ArOte6riOac (?), a. [L. arteriacus, Gr. ?. See Artery.] Of +or pertaining to the windpipe. +ArOte6riOal (?), a. [Cf. F. artriel.] 1. Of or pertaining +to an artery, or the arteries; as, arterial action; the +arterial system. +2. Of or pertaining to a main channel (resembling an +artery), as a river, canal, or railroad. +w blood, blood which has been changed and vitalized +(arterialized) during passage through the lungs. +ArOte7riOalOiOza6tion (?), n. (Physiol.) The process of +converting venous blood into arterial blood during its +passage through the lungs, oxygen being absorbed and +carbonic acid evolved; P called also a ration and hematosis. +ArOte6riOalOize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Arterialized ; p. +pr. & vb. n. Arterializing.] To transform, as the venous +blood, into arterial blood by exposure to oxygen in the +lungs; to make arterial. +ArOte7riOog6raOphy , n. [Gr. ? + Ography.] A systematic +description of the arteries. +ArOte6riOole (?), n. [NL. arteriola, dim. of L. arteria: cf. +F. artriole.] A small artery. +ArOte7riOol6oOgy (?), n. [Gr. ? + Ology.] That part of +anatomy which treats of arteries. +ArOte7riOot6oOmy (?), n. [L. arteriotomia, Gr. ?; ? + ? a +cutting.] 1. (Med.) The opening of an artery, esp. for +bloodletting. +2. That part of anatomy which treats of the dissection of +the arteries. +X Ar7teOri6tis (?), n. [Artery + Oetis.] Inflammation of an +artery or arteries. +Dunglison. +Ar6terOy (?), n.; pl. Arteries (?). [L. arteria windpipe, +artery, Gr. ?.] 1. The trachea or windpipe. [Obs.] =Under +the artery, or windpipe, is the mouth of the stomach.8 +Holland. +2. (Anat.) One of the vessels or tubes which carry either +venous or arterial blood from the heart. They have tricker +and more muscular walls than veins, and are connected with +them by capillaries. +5 In man and other mammals, the arteries which contain +arterialized blood receive it from the left ventricle of the +heart through the aorta. See Aorta. The pulmonary artery +conveys the venous blood from the right ventricle to the +lungs, whence the arterialized blood is returned through +the pulmonary veins. +3. Hence: Any continuous or ramified channel of +communication; as, arteries of trade or commerce. +ArOte6sian (?), a. [F. artsien, fr. Artois in France, where +many such wells have been made since the middle of the last +century.] Of or pertaining to Artois (anciently called +Artesium), in France. +w wells, wells made by boring into the earth till the +instrument reaches water, which, from internal pressure, +flows spontaneously like a fountain. They are usually of +small diameter and often of great depth. +Art6ful (?), a. [From Art.] 1. Performed with, or +characterized by, art or skill. [Archaic] =Artful strains.8 +=Artful terms.8 +Milton. +2. Artificial; imitative. +Addison. +3. Using or exhibiting much art, skill, or contrivance; +dexterous; skillful. +He [was] too artful a writer to set down events in exact +historical order. +Dryden. +4. Cunning; disposed to cunning indirectness of dealing; +crafty; as, an artful boy. [The usual sense.] +Artful in speech, in action, and in mind. +Pope. +The artful revenge of various animals. +Darwin. +Syn. - Cunning; skillful; adroit; dexterous; crafty; tricky; +deceitful; designing. See Cunning. +Art6fulOly, adv. In an artful manner; with art or cunning; +skillfully; dexterously; craftily. +Art6fulOness, n. The quality of being artful; art; cunning; +craft. +Ar6then (?), a. Same as Earthen. [Obs.] =An arthen pot.8 +Holland. +ArOthrit6ic (?), ArOthrit6icOal (?), } a. [L. arthriticus, +Gr. ?. See Arthritis.] 1. Pertaining to the joints. [Obs.] +Sir T. Browne. +2. Of or pertaining to arthritis; gouty. +Cowper. +X ArOthri6tis (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ? (as if fem. of ? +belonging to the joints, sc. ? disease) gout, fr. ? a +joint.] (Med.) Any inflammation of the joints, particularly +the gout. +Ar6throOderm (?), n. [Gr. ? joint + 'derm.] (Zol.) The +external covering of an Arthropod. +X ArOthro6diOa (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? well +articulated; ? a joint + ? shape.] (Anat.) A form of +diarthrodial articulation in which the articular surfaces +are nearly flat, so that they form only an imperfect ball +and socket. +ArOthro6diOal (?), ArOthrod6ic (?), } a. Of or pertaining to +arthrodia. +X Ar7throOdyn6iOa (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? joint + ?? pain.] +(Med.) An affection characterized by pain in or about a +joint, not dependent upon structural disease. +Ar7throOdyn6ic , a. Pertaining to arthrodynia, or pain in +the joints; rheumatic. +X Ar7throOgas6tra (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? joint + ? +stomach.] (Zol.) A division of the Arachnida, having the +abdomen annulated, including the scorpions, harvestmen, +etc.; pedipalpi. +ArOthrog6raOphy (?), n. [Gr. ? joint + Ography.] The +description of joints. +ArOthrol6oOgy , n. [Gr. ? joint + Ology.] That part of +anatomy which treats of joints. +Ar6throOmere (?), n. [Gr. ? joint + Omere.] (Zol.) One of +the body segments of Arthropods. See Arthrostraca. +Packard. +X Ar7throOpleu6ra (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? joint + ? the +side.] (Zol.) The side or limbPbearing portion of an +arthromere. +Ar6throOpod (?), n (Zol.) One of the Arthropoda. +X ArOthrop6oOda (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? joint + Opoda.] +(Zol.) A large division of Articulata, embracing all those +that have jointed legs. It includes Insects, Arachnida, +Pychnogonida, and Crustacea. P ArOthrop6oOdal (?), a. +X Ar7throOpom6aOta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? joint + ? +lid.] (Zol.) One of the orders of Branchiopoda. See +Branchiopoda. +X ArOthro6sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? joint.] (Anat.) +Articulation. +X ArOthros6traOca , n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? joint + ? a +shell.] (Zol.) One of the larger divisions of Crustacea, so +called because the thorax and abdomen are both segmented; +Tetradecapoda. It includes the Amphipoda and Isopoda. +Ar7throOzo6ic (?), a. [Gr. ? joint + ? animal, fr. ? an +animal.] (Zol.) Of or pertaining to the Articulata; +articulate. +Ar6tiOad (?), a. [Gr. ? even, fr. ? exactly.] (Chem.) Even; +not odd; P said of elementary substances and of radicals the +valence of which is divisible by two without a remainder. +Ar6tiOchoke (?), n. [It. articioc?o, perh. corrupted fr. the +same word as carciofo; cf. older spellings archiciocco, +archicioffo, carciocco, and Sp. alcachofa, Pg. alcachofra; +prob. fr. Ar. alPharshaf, alPkharsh?f.] (Bot.) 1. The Cynara +scolymus, a plant somewhat resembling a thistle, with a +dilated, imbricated, and prickly involucre. The head (to +which the name is also applied) is composed of numerous oval +scales, inclosing the florets, sitting on a broad +receptacle, which, with the fleshy base of the scales, is +much esteemed as an article of food. +2. See Jerusalem artichoke. +Ar6tiOcle (?), n. [F., fr. L. articulus, dim. of artus +joint, akin to Gr. ?, fr. a root ar to join, fit. See Art, +n.] 1. A distinct portion of an instrument, discourse, +literary work, or any other writing, consisting of two or +more particulars, or treating of various topics; as, an +article in the Constitution. Hence: A clause in a contract, +system of regulations, treaty, or the like; a term, +condition, or stipulation in a contract; a concise +statement; as, articles of agreement. +2. A literary composition, forming an independent portion of +a magazine, newspaper, or cyclopedia. +3. Subject; matter; concern; distinct. [Obs.] +A very great revolution that happened in this article of +good breeding. +Addison. +This last article will hardly be believed. +De Foe. +4. A distinct part. =Upon each article of human duty.8 +Paley. =Each article of time.8 Habington. +The articles which compose the blood. +E. Darwin. +5. A particular one of various things; as, an article of +merchandise; salt is a necessary article. +They would fight not for articles of faith, but for articles +of food. +Landor. +6. Precise point of time; moment. [Obs. or Archaic] +This fatal news coming to Hick's Hall upon the article of my +Lord Russell's trial, was said to have had no little +influence on the jury and all the bench to his prejudice. +Evelyn. +7. (Gram.) One of the three words, a, an, the, used before +nouns to limit or define their application. A (or an) is +called the indefinite article, the the definite article. +8. (Zol.) One of the segments of an articulated appendage. +Articles of Confederation, the compact which was first made +by the original thirteen States of the United States. They +were adopted March 1, 1781, and remained the supreme law +until March, 1789. P Articles of impeachment, an instrument +which, in cases of impeachment, performs the same office +which an indictment does in a common criminal case. P +Articles of war, rules and regulations, fixed by law, for +the better government of the army. P In the ~ of death [L. +in articulo mortis], at the moment of death; in the dying +struggle. P Lords of the articles (Scot. Hist.), a standing +committee of the Scottish Parliament to whom was intrusted +the drafting and preparation of the acts, or bills for laws. +P The ThirtyPnine Articles, statements (thirtyPnine in +number) of the tenets held by the Church of England. +Ar6tiOcle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Articled (?); p. pr. & vb. n. +Articling (?).] [Cf. F. articuler, fr. L. articulare. See +Article, n., Articulate.] 1. To formulate in articles; to +set forth in distinct particulars. +If all his errors and follies were articled against him, the +man would seem vicious and miserable. +Jer. Taylor. +2. To accuse or charge by an exhibition of articles. +He shall be articled against in the high court of admiralty. +Stat. 33 Geo. III. +3. To bind by articles of covenant or stipulation; as, to +article an apprentice to a mechanic. +Ar6tiOcle, v. i. To agree by articles; to stipulate; to +bargain; to covenant. [R.] +Then he articled with her that he should go away when he +pleased. +Selden. +Ar6tiOcled (?), a. Bound by articles; apprenticed; as, an +articled clerk. +ArOtic6uOlar (?), a. [L. articularis: cf. F. articulaire. +See Article, n.] Of or pertaining to the joints; as, an +articular disease; an articular process. +ArOtic6uOlar (?), ArOtic6uOlaOry (?), } n. (Anat.) A bone in +the base of the lower jaw of many birds, reptiles, +amphibians, and fishes. + + <-- p. 86 --> + +ArOtic6uOlarOly , adv. In an articular or an articulate +manner. +X ArOtic7uOla6ta (?), n. pl. [Neut. pl. from L. articulatus +furnished with joints, distinct, p. p. of articulare. See +Article, v.] (Zol.) 1. One of the four subkingdoms in the +classification of Cuvier. It has been much modified by later +writers. +5 It includes those Invertebrata having the body composed of +ringlike segments (arthromeres). By some writers, the +unsegmented worms (helminths) have also been included; by +others it is restricted to the Arthropoda. It corresponds +nearly with the Annulosa of some authors. The chief +subdivisions are Arthropoda (Insects, Myriapoda, Arachnida, +Pycnogonida, Crustacea); and Anarthropoda, including the +Annelida and allied forms. +2. One of the subdivisions of the Brachiopoda, including +those that have the shells united by a hinge. +3. A subdivision of the Crinoidea. +ArOtic6uOlate (?), a. [L. articulatus. See Articulata.] 1. +Expressed in articles or in separate items or particulars. +[Archaic] +Bacon. +2. Jointed; formed with joints; consisting of segments +united by joints; as, articulate animals or plants. +3. Distinctly uttered; spoken so as to be intelligible; +characterized by division into words and syllables; as, +articulate speech, sounds, words. +Total changes of party and articulate opinion. +Carlyle. +ArOtic6uOlate, n. (Zol.) An animal of the subkingdom +Articulata. +ArOtic6uOlate (?)(?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Articulated (?); +p. pr. & vb. n. Articulating (?). 1. To utter ~ sounds; to +utter the elementary sounds of a language; to enunciate; to +speak distinctly. +2. To treat or make terms. [Obs.] +Shak. +3. To join or be connected by articulation. +ArOtic6uOlate, v. t. 1. To joint; to unite by means of a +joint; to put together with joints or at the joints. +2. To draw up or write in separate articles; to +particularize; to specify. [Obs.] +3. To form, as the elementary sounds; to utter in distinct +syllables or words; to enunciate; as, to articulate letters +or language. =To articulate a word.8 +Ray. +4. To express distinctly; to give utterance to. +Luther articulated himself upon a process that hand already +begun in the Christian church. +Bibliotheca Sacra. +To... articulate the dumb, deep want of the people. +Carlyle. +ArOtic6uOla7ted (?), a. 1. United by, or provided with, +articulations; jointed; as, an articulated skeleton. +2. Produced, as a letter, syllable, or word, by the organs +of speech; pronounced. +ArOtic6uOlateOly (?), adv. 1. After the manner, or in the +form, of a joint. +2. Article by article; in distinct particulars; in detail; +definitely. +Paley. +I had articulately set down in writing our points. +Fuller. +3. With distinct utterance of the separate sounds. +ArOtic6uOlateOness, n. Quality of being articulate. +ArOtic7uOla6tion (?), n. [Cf. F. articulation, fr. L. +articulatio.] 1. (Anat.) A joint or juncture between bones +in the skeleton. +5 Articulations may be immovable, when the bones are +directly united (synarthrosis), or slightly movable, when +they are united intervening substance (amphiarthrosis), or +they may be more or less freely movable, when the articular +surfaces are covered with synovial membranes, as in complete +joints (diarthrosis). The last (diarthrosis) includes hinge +joints, admitting motion in one plane only (ginglymus), ball +and socket joints (enarthrosis), pivot and rotation joints, +etc. +2. (Bot.) (a) The connection of the parts of a plant by +joints, as in pods. (b) One of the nodes or joints, as in +cane and maize. (c) One of the parts intercepted between the +joints; also, a subdivision into parts at regular or +irregular intervals as a result of serial intermission in +growth, as in the cane, grasses, etc. +Lindley. +3. The act of putting together with a joint or joints; any +meeting of parts in a joint. +4. The state of being jointed; connection of parts. [R.] +That definiteness and articulation of imagery. +Coleridge. +5. The utterance of the elementary sounds of a language by +the appropriate movements of the organs, as in +pronunciation; as, a distinct articulation. +6. A sound made by the vocal organs; an articulate utterance +or an elementary sound, esp. a consonant. +ArOtic6uOlaOtive (?), a. Of or pertaining to articulation. +Bush. +ArOtic6uOla7tor (?), n. One who, or that which, articulates; +as: (a) One who enunciates distinctly. (b) One who prepares +and mounts skeletons. (c) An instrument to cure stammering. +X ArOtic6uOlus (?)(?) n.; pl. Articuli (?). [L. See +Article.] (Zol.) A joint of the cirri of the Crinoidea; a +joint or segment of an arthropod appendage. +Ar6tiOfice (?), n. [L. artificium, fr. artifex artificer; +ars, artis, art + facere to make: cf. F. artifice.] 1. A +handicraft; a trade; art of making. [Obs.] +2. Workmanship; a skillfully contrived work. +The material universe.. in the artifice of God, the artifice +of the best Mechanist. +Cudworth. +3. Artful or skillful contrivance. +His [Congreve's] plots were constructed without much +artifice. +Craik. +4. Crafty device; an artful, ingenious, or elaborate trick. +[Now the usual meaning.] +Those who were conscious of guilt employed numerous +artifices for the purpose of averting inquiry. +Macaulay. +ArOtif6iOcer (?), n. [Cf. F. artificier, fr. LL. +artificiarius.] 1. An artistic worker; a mechanic or +manufacturer; one whose occupation requires skill or +knowledge of a particular kind, as a silversmith. +2. One who makes or contrives; a deviser, inventor, or +framer. =Artificer of fraud.8 +Milton. +The great Artificer of all that moves. +Cowper. +3. A cunning or artful fellow. [Obs.] +B. Jonson. +4. (Mil.) A military mechanic, as a blacksmith, carpenter, +etc.; also, one who prepares the shells, fuses, grenades, +etc., in a military laboratory. +Syn. - Artisan; artist. See Artisan. +Ar7tiOfi6cial (?), a. [L. artificialis, fr. artificium: cf. +F. artificiel. See Artifice.] 1. Made or contrived by art; +produced or modified by human skill and labor, in opposition +to natural; as, artificial heat or light, gems, salts, +minerals, fountains, flowers. +Artificial strife +Lives in these touches, livelier than life. +Shak. +2. Feigned; fictitious; assumed; affected; not genuine. +=Artificial tears.8 +Shak. +3. Artful; cunning; crafty. [Obs.] +Shak. +4. Cultivated; not indigenous; not of spontaneous growth; +as, artificial grasses. +Gibbon. +w arguments (Rhet.), arguments invented by the speaker, in +distinction from laws, authorities, and the like, which are +called inartificial arguments or proofs. Johnson. P w +classification (science), an arrangement based on +superficial characters, and not expressing the true natural +relations species; as, =the artificial system8 in botany, +which is the same as the Linnan system. P w horizon. See +under Horizon. w light, any light other than that which +proceeds from the heavenly bodies. P w lines, lines on a +sector or scale, so contrived as to represent the +logarithmic sines and tangents, which, by the help of the +line of numbers, solve, with tolerable exactness, questions +in trigonometry, navigation, etc. P w numbers, logarithms. P +w person (Law). See under Person. P w sines, tangents, etc., +the same as logarithms of the natural, tangents, etc. +Hutton. +Ar7tiOfi7ciOal6iOty (?), n. The quality or appearance of +being artificial; that which is artificial. +Ar7tiOfi6cialOize (?), v. t. To render artificial. +Ar7tiOfi6cialOly, adv. 1. In an artificial manner; by art, +or skill and contrivance, not by nature. +2. Ingeniously; skillfully. [Obs.] +The spider's web, finely and artificially wrought. +Tillotson. +3. Craftily; artfully. [Obs.] +Sharp dissembled so artificially. +Bp. Burnet. +Ar7tiOfi6cialOness, n. The quality of being artificial. +Ar7tiOfi6cious (?), a. [L. artificiosus.] Artificial. [Obs.] +Johnson. +Art6iOlize (?), v. t. To make resemble. [Obs.] +If I was a philosopher, says Montaigne, I would naturalize +art instead of artilizing nature. +Bolingbroke. +ArOtil6lerOist (?), n. A person skilled in artillery or +gunnery; a gunner; an artilleryman. +ArOtil6lerOy (?), n. [OE. artilrie, OF. artillerie, +arteillerie, fr. LL. artillaria, artilleria, machines and +apparatus of all kinds used in war, vans laden with arms of +any kind which follow camps; F. artillerie great guns, +ordnance; OF. artillier to work artifice, to fortify, to +arm, prob. from L. ars, artis, skill in joining something, +art. See Art.] 1. Munitions of war; implements for warfare, +as slings, bows, and arrows. [Obs.] +And Jonathan gave his artillery unto his lad. +1 Sam. xx. 40. +2. Cannon; great guns; ordnance, including guns, mortars, +howitzers, etc., with their equipment of carriages, balls, +bombs, and shot of all kinds. +5 The word is sometimes used in a more extended sense, +including the powder, cartridges, matches, utensils, +machines of all kinds, and horses, that belong to a train of +~. +3. The men and officers of that branch of the army to which +the care and management of ~ are confided. +4. The science of ~ or gunnery. +Campbell. +w park, or Park of ~. (a) A collective body of siege or +field ~, including the guns, and the carriages, ammunition, +appurtenances, equipments, and persons necessary for working +them. (b) The place where the ~ is encamped or collected. P +w train, or Train of ~, a number of pieces of ordnance +mounted on carriages, with all their furniture, ready for +marching. +ArOtil6lerOyOman (?), n. A man who manages, or assists in +managing, a large gun in firing. +X Ar7tiOoOdac6tyOla (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? even + ? +finger or toe.] (Zol.) One of the divisions of the ungulate +animals. The functional toes of the hind foot are even in +number, and the third digit of each foot (corresponding to +the middle finger in man) is asymmetrical and paired with +the fourth digit, as in the hog, the sheep, and the ox; P +opposed to Perissodactyla. +Ar7tiOoOdac6tyle (?), n. (Zol.) One of the Artiodactyla. +Ar7tiOoOdac6tyOlous (?), a. (Zol.) EvenPtoed. +Ar6tiOsan (?; 277), n. [F. artisan, fr. L. artitus skilled +in arts, fr. ars, artis, art: cf. It. artigiano. See Art, +n.] 1. One who professes and practices some liberal art; an +artist. [Obs.] +2. One trained to manual dexterity in some mechanic art or +trade; and handicraftsman; a mechanic. +This is willingly submitted to by the artisan, who can... +compensate his additional toil and fatigue. +Hume. +Syn. - Artificer; artist. P Artisan, Artist, Artificer. An +artist is one who is skilled in some one of the fine arts; +an artisan is one who exercises any mechanical employment. A +portrait painter is an artist; a sign painter is an artisan, +although he may have the taste and skill of an artist. The +occupation of the former requires a fine taste and delicate +manipulation; that of the latter demands only an ordinary +degree of contrivance and imitative power. An artificer is +one who requires power of contrivance and adaptation in the +exercise of his profession. The word suggest neither the +idea of mechanical conformity to rule which attaches to the +term artisan, nor the ideas of refinement and of peculiar +skill which belong to the term artist. +Art6ist (?), n. [F. artiste, LL. artista, fr. L. ars. See +Art, n., and cf. Artiste.] 1. One who practices some +mechanic art or craft; an artisan. [Obs.] +How to build ships, and dreadful ordnance cast, +Instruct the articles and reward their. +Waller. +2. One who professes and practices an art in which science +and taste preside over the manual execution. +5 The term is particularly applied to painters, sculptors, +musicians, engravers, and architects. +Elmes. +3. One who shows trained skill or rare taste in any manual +art or occupation. +Pope. +4. An artful person; a schemer. [Obs.] +Syn. - Artisan. See Artisan. +X ArOtiste6 (?), n. [F. See Artist.] One peculiarly +dexterous and tasteful in almost any employment, as an opera +dancer, a hairdresser, a cook. +5 This term should not be confounded with the English word +artist. +ArOtis6tic , ArOtis6ticOal (?), } a. [Cf. F. artistique, fr. +artiste.] Of or pertaining to art or to artists; made in the +manner of an artist; conformable to art; characterized by +art; showing taste or skill. P ArOtis6ticOalOly, adv. +Art6istOry (?), n. 1. Works of art collectively. +2. Artistic effect or quality. +Southey. +3. Artistic pursuits; artistic ability. +The Academy. +Art6less (?), a. 1. Wanting art, knowledge, or skill; +ignorant; unskillful. +Artless of stars and of the moving sand. +Dryden. +2. Contrived without skill or art; inartistic. [R.] +Artless and massy pillars. +T. Warton. +3. Free from guile, art, craft, or stratagem; characterized +by simplicity and sincerity; sincere; guileless; ingenuous; +honest; as, an artless mind; an artless tale. +They were plain, artless men, without the least appearance +of enthusiasm or credulity about them. +Porteus. +O, how unlike the complex works of man, +Heaven's easy, artless, unencumbered plan! +Cowper. +Syn. - Simple; unaffected; sincere; undesigning; guileless; +unsophisticated; open; frank; candid. +Art6lessOly, adv. In an artless manner; without art, skill, +or guile; unaffectedly. +Pope. +Art6lessOness, n. The quality of being artless, or void of +art or guile; simplicity; sincerity. +Art6ly, adv. With art or skill. [Obs.] +Ar7toOcar6peOous (?), Ar7toOcar6pous (?), } a. [Gr. ? bread ++ ? fruit.] (Bot.) Of or pertaining to the breadfruit, or to +the genus Artocarpus. +Ar6toOtype (?), n. [Art + type.] A kind of autotype. +Ar7toOty6rite (?), n. [LL. Artotyritae, pl., fr. Gr. ? bread ++ ? cheese.] (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect in the primitive +church, who celebrated the Lord's Supper with bread and +cheese, alleging that the first oblations of men not only +of the fruit of the earth, but of their flocks. [Gen. iv. 3, +4.] +Ar6tow (?). A contraction of art thou. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +Arts6man (?), n. A man skilled in an art or in arts. [Obs.] +Bacon. +Art7 un6ion (?). An association for promoting art (esp. the +arts of design), and giving encouragement to artists. +X A6rum , n. [L. arum, aros, Gr. ?.] A genus of plants found +in central Europe and about the Mediterranean, having +flowers on a spadix inclosed in a spathe. The cuckoopint of +the English is an example. +Our common arums the lords and ladies of village children. +Lubbock. +5 The American =Jack in the pulpit8 is now separated from +the genus Arum. +Ar7unOdel6ian (?), a. Pertaining to an Earl of Arundel; as, +Arundel or Arundelian marbles, marbles from ancient Greece, +bought by the Earl of Arundel in 1624. +Ar7unOdif6erOous , a. [L. arundifer; arundo reed + ferre to +bear.] Producing reeds or canes. +AOrun7diOna6ceous (?), a. [L. arundinaceus, fr. arundo +reed.] Of or pertaining to a reed; resembling the reed or +cane. +Ar7unOdin6eOous (?), a. [L. arundineus, fr. arundo reed.] +Abounding with reeds; reedy. +X AOrus6pex (?), n.; pl. Aruspices (?). [L. aruspex or +haruspex.] One of the class of diviners among the Etruscans +and Romans, who foretold events by the inspection of the +entrails of victims offered on the altars of the gods. +AOrus6pice (?), n. [L. aruspex: cf. F. aruspice. Cf. +Aruspex, Haruspice.] A soothsayer of ancient Rome. Same as +Aruspex. [Written also haruspice.] +AOrus6piOcy (?), n. [L. aruspicium, haruspicium.] +Prognostication by inspection of the entrails of victims +slain sacrifice. +Ar6val (?), n. [W. arwyl funeral; ar over + wylo to weep, or +cf. arfl; Icel. arfr inheritance + Sw. l ale. Cf. Bridal.] +A funeral feast. [North of Eng.] +Grose. +Ar6viOcole (?), n. [L. arvum field + colere to inhabit.] +(Zol.) A mouse of the genus Arvicola; the meadow mouse. +There are many species. +Ar6yan (?), n. [Skr. >rya excellent, honorable; akin to the +name of the country Iran, and perh. to Erin, Ireland, and +the early name of this people, at least in Asia.] 1. One of +a primitive people supposed to have lived in prehistoric +times, in Central Asia, east of the Caspian Sea, and north +of the Hindoo ???? and Paropamisan Mountains, and to have +been the stock from which sprang the Hindoo, Persian, Greek, +Latin, Celtic, Teutonic, Slavonic, and other races; one of +that ethnological division of mankind called also +IndoPEuropean or IndoPGermanic. + + <-- p. 87 --> + +2. The language of the original Aryans. +[Written also Arian.] +Ar6yan (?), a. Of or pertaining to the people called Aryans; +IndoPEuropean; IndoPGermanic; as, the Aryan stock, the Aryan +languages. +Ar6yanOize , v. t. To make Aryan (a language, or in +language). +K. Johnston. +AOryt6eOnoid (?), a. [Gr. ? shaped like a ladle; ? a ladle + +? form.] (Anat.) LadlePshaped; P applied to two small +cartilages of the larynx, and also to the glands, muscles, +etc., connected with them. The cartilages are attached to +the cricoid cartilage and connected with the vocal cords. +As (?), adv. & conj. [OE. as, als, alse, also, al swa, AS. +eal sw>, lit. all so; hence, quite so, quite as: cf. G. als +as, than, also so, then. See Also.] 1. Denoting equality or +likeness in kind, degree, or manner; like; similar to; in +the same manner with or in which; in accordance with; in +proportion to; to the extent or degree in which or to +which; equally; no less than; as, ye shall be as gods, +knowing good and evil; you will reap as you sow; do as you +are bidden. +His spiritual attendants adjured him, as he loved his soul, +to emancipate his brethren. +Macaulay. +5 As is often preceded by one of the antecedent or +correlative words such, same, so, or as, in expressing an +equality or comparison; as, give us such things as you +please, and so long as you please, or as long as you please; +he is not so brave as Cato; she is as amiable as she is +handsome; come as quickly as possible. =Bees appear +fortunately to prefer the same colors as we do.8 Lubbock. +As, in a preceding part of a sentence, has such or so to +answer correlatively to it; as with the people, so with the +priest. +2. In the idea, character, or condition of, P limiting the +view to certain attributes or relations; as, virtue +considered as virtue; this actor will appear as Hamlet. +The beggar is greater as a man, than is the man merely as a +king. +Dewey. +3. While; during or at the same time that; when; as, he +trembled as he spoke. +As I return I will fetch off these justices. +Shak. +4. Because; since; it being the case that. +As the population of Scotland had been generally trained to +arms... they were not indifferently prepared. +Sir W. Scott. +[See Synonym under Because.] +5. Expressing concession. (Often approaching though in +meaning). +We wish, however, to avail ourselves of the interest, +transient as it may be, which this work has excited. +Macaulay. +6. That, introducing or expressing a result or consequence, +after the correlatives so and such.[Obs.] +I can place thee in such abject state, as help shall never +find thee. +Rowe. +So ~, so that. [Obs.] +The relations are so uncertain as they require a great deal +of examination. +Bacon. +7. As if; as though. [Obs. or Poetic] +He lies, as he his bliss did know. +Waller. +8. For instance; by way of example; thus; P used to +introduce illustrative phrases, sentences, or citations. +9. Than. [Obs. & R.] +The king was not more forward to bestow favors on them as +they free to deal affronts to others their superiors. +Fuller. +10 Expressing a wish. [Obs.] =As have,8 i. e., may he have. +Chaucer. + +As... as. See So... as, under So. P As far as, to the extent +or degree. =As far as can be ascertained.8 Macaulay. P As +far forth as, as far as. [Obs.] Chaucer. P As for, or As to, +in regard to; with respect to. P As good as, not less than; +not falling short of. P As good as one's word, faithful to a +promise. P As if, or As though, of the same kind, or in the +same condition or manner, that it would be if. P As it were +(as it were), a qualifying phrase used to apologize for or +to relieve some expression which might be regarded as +inappropriate or incongruous; in a manner. P As now, just +now. [Obs.] Chaucer. P As swythe, as quickly as possible. +[Obs.] Chaucer. P As well, also; too; besides. Addison. P As +well as, equally with, no less than. =I have understanding +as well as you.8 Job xii. 3. P As yet, until now; up to or +at the present time; still; now. +As (?), n. [See Ace.] An ace. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AmbesPas, double aces. +X As (?), n.; pl. Asses (?). [L. as. See Ace.] 1. A Roman +weight, answering to the libra or pound, equal to nearly +eleven ounces Troy weight. It was divided into twelve +ounces. +2. A Roman copper coin, originally of a pound weight (12 +oz.); but reduced, after the first Punic war, to two ounces; +in the second Punic war, to one ounce; and afterwards to +half an ounce. +X As6a (?), n. [NL. asa, of oriental origin; cf. Per. az> +mastic, Ar. as> healing, is> remedy.] An ancient name of a +gum. +As7aOfet6iOda, As7aOf?t6iOda } (?), n. [Asa + L. foetidus +fetid.] The fetid gum resin or inspissated juice of a large +umbelliferous plant (Ferula asaf?tida) of Persia and the +East India. It is used in medicine as an antispasmodic. +[Written also assaf?tida.] +X As6aOphus (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? indistinct, uncertain.] +(Paleon.) A genus of trilobites found in the Lower Silurian +formation. See Illust. in Append. +X As7aOraObac6ca (?), n. [L. asarum + bacca a berry. See +Asarone.] (Bot.) An acrid herbaceous plant (Asarum +Europum), the leaves and roots of which are emetic and +cathartic. It is principally used in cephalic snuffs. +As6aOrone (?), n. [L. asarum hazelwort, wild spikenard, Gr. +?] (Chem.) A crystallized substance, resembling camphor, +obtained from the Asarum Europum; P called also camphor of +asarum. +AsObes6tic (?), a. Of, pertaining to, or resembling +asbestus; inconsumable; asbestine. +AsObes6tiOform (?), a. [L. asbestus + Oform.] Having the +form or structure of asbestus. +AsObes6tine (?), a. Of or pertaining to asbestus, or +partaking of its nature; incombustible; asbestic. +AsObes6tous (?), a. Asbestic. +AsObes6tus (?), AsObes6tos (?; 277), } n. [L. asbestos (NL. +asbestus) a kind of mineral unaffected by fire, Gr. ? (prop. +an adj.) inextinguishable; ? priv. + ? to extinguish.] +(Min.) A variety of amphibole or of pyroxene, occurring in +long and delicate fibers, or in fibrous masses or seams, +usually of a white, gray, or greenPgray color. The name is +also given to a similar variety of serpentine. +5 The finer varieties have wrought into gloves and cloth +which are incombustible. The cloth was formerly used as a +shroud for dead bodies, and has been recommended for +firemen's clothes. Asbestus in also employed in the +manufacture of iron sa?es, for fireproof roofing, and for +lampwicks. Some varieties are called amianthus. +Dana. +Ab6soOlin (?), n. [Gr. ? soot.] (Chem.) A peculiar acrid and +bitter oil, obtained from wood soot. +As6caOrid (?), n.; pl. Ascarides (?) or Ascarids. [NL. +ascaris, fr. Gr. ?.] (Zol.) A parasitic nematoid worm, +espec. the roundworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, often occurring +in the human intestine and allied species found in domestic +animals; also commonly applied to the pinworm (Oxyuris), +often troublesome to children and aged persons. +AsOcend6 (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Ascended; p. pr. & vb. n. +Ascending.] [L. ascendere; ad + scandere to climb, mount. +See Scan.] 1. To move upward; to mount; to go up; to rise; P +opposed to descend. +Higher yet that star ascends. +Bowring. +I ascend unto my father and your father. +John xx. 17. +Formerly used with up. +The smoke of it ascended up to heaven. +Addison. +2. To rise, in a figurative sense; to proceed from an +inferior to a superior degree, from mean to noble objects, +from particulars to generals, from modern to ancient times, +from one note to another more acute, etc.; as, our inquiries +ascend to the remotest antiquity; to ascend to our first +progenitor. +Syn. - To rise; mount; climb; scale; soar; tower. +AsOcend6, v. t. To go or move upward upon or along; to +climb; to mount; to go up the top of; as, to ascend a hill, +a ladder, a tree, a river, a throne. +AsOcend6aOble (?), a. Capable of being ascended. +AsOcend6anOcy (?), AsOcend6ance (?), } n. Same as +Ascendency. +AsOcend6ant (?), n. [F. ascendant, L. ascendens; p. pr. of +ascendere.] 1. Ascent; height; elevation. [R.] +Sciences that were then in their highest ascendant. +Temple. +2. (Astrol.) The horoscope, or that degree of the ecliptic +which roses above the horizon at the moment of one's birth; +supposed to have a commanding influence on a person's life +and fortune. +5 Hence the phrases To be in the ~, to have commanding power +or influence, and Lord of the ~, one who has possession of +such power or influence; as, to rule, for a while, lord of +the ascendant. +Burke. +3. Superiority, or commanding influence; ascendency; as, one +man has the ascendant over another. +Chievres had acquired over the mind of the young monarch the +ascendant not only of a tutor, but of a parent. +Robertson. +4. An ancestor, or one who precedes in genealogy or degrees +of kindred; a relative in the ascending line; a progenitor; +P opposed to descendant. +Ayliffe. +AsOcend6ant (?), AsOcend6ent (?), } a. 1. Rising toward the +zenith; above the horizon. +The constellation... about that time ascendant. +Browne. +2. Rising; ascending. +Ruskin. +3. Superior; surpassing; ruling. +An ascendant spirit over him. +South. +The ascendant community obtained a surplus of wealth. +J. S. Mill. +Without some power of persuading or confuting, of defending +himself against accusations, ... no man could possibly hold +an ascendent position. +Grote. +AsOcend6enOcy (?), n. Governing or controlling influence; +domination; power. +An undisputed ascendency. +Macaulay. +Custom has an ascendency over the understanding. +Watts. +Syn. - Control; authority; influence; sway' dominion; +prevalence; domination. +AsOcend6iOble (?), a. [L. ascendibilis.] Capable of being +ascended; climbable. +AsOcend6ing, a. Rising; moving upward; as, an ascending +kite. P AsOcend6ingOly, adv. +w latitude (Astron.), the increasing latitude of a planet. +Ferguson. P w line (Geneal.), the line of relationship +traced backward or through one's ancestors. One's father and +mother, grandfather and grandmother, etc., are in the line +direct ascending. P w nodehaving, that node of the moon or +a planet wherein it passes the ecliptic to proceed +northward. It is also called the northern node. Herschel. P +w series. (Math.) (a) A series arranged according to the ~ +powers of a quantity. (b) A series in which each term is +greater than the preceding. P w signs, signs east of the +meridian. +AsOcen6sion , n. [F. ascension, L. ascensio, fr. ascendere. +See Ascend.] 1. The act of ascending; a rising; ascent. +2. Specifically: The visible ascent of our Savior on the +fortieth day after his resurrection. (Acts i. 9.) Also, +Ascension Day. +3. An ascending or arising, as in distillation; also that +which arises, as from distillation. +Vaporous ascensions from the stomach. +Sir T. Browne. +w Day, the Thursday but one before Whitsuntide, the day on +which commemorated our Savior's ~ into heaven after his +resurrection; P called also Holy Thursday. P Right ~ +(Astron.), that degree of the equinoctial, counted from the +beginning of Aries, which rises with a star, or other +celestial body, in a right sphere; or the arc of the equator +intercepted between the first point of Aries and that point +of the equator that comes to the meridian with the star; P +expressed either in degrees or in time. P Oblique ~ +(Astron.), an arc of the equator, intercepted between the +first point of Aries and that point of the equator which +rises together with a star, in an oblique sphere; or the arc +of the equator intercepted between the first point of Aries +and that point of the equator that comes to the horizon with +a star. It is little used in modern astronomy. +AsOcen6sionOal (?), a. Relating to ascension; connected with +ascent; ascensive; tending upward; as, the ascensional power +of a balloon. +w difference (Astron.), the difference between oblique and +right ascension; P used chiefly as expressing the difference +between the time of the rising or setting of a body and six +o'clock, or six hours from its meridian passage. +AsOcen6sive (?), a. [See Ascend.] 1. Rising; tending to +rise, or causing to rise. +Owen. +2. (Gram.) Augmentative; intensive. +Ellicott. +AsOcent6 (?). [Formed like descent, as if from a F. ascente, +fr. a verb ascendre, fr. L. ascendere. See Ascend, Descent.] +1. The act of rising; motion upward; rise; a mounting +upward; as, he made a tedious ascent; the ascent of vapors +from the earth. +To him with swift ascent he up returned. +Milton. +2. The way or means by which one ascends. +3. An eminence, hill, or high place. +Addison. +4. The degree of elevation of an object, or the angle it +makes with a horizontal line; inclination; rising grade; as, +a road has an ascent of five degrees. +As7cerOtain6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ascertained (?); p. +pr. & vb. n. Ascertaining.] [OF. acertener; a (L. ad) + +certain. See Certain.] 1. To render (a person) certain; to +cause to feel certain; to make confident; to assure; to +apprise. [Obs.] +When the blessed Virgin was so ascertained. +Jer. Taylor. +Muncer assured them that the design was approved of by +Heaven, and that the Almighty had in a dream ascertained him +of its effects. +Robertson. +2. To make (a thing) certain to the mind; to free from +obscurity, doubt, or change; to make sure of; to fix; to +determine. [Archaic] +The divine law... ascertaineth the truth. +Hooker. +The very deferring [of his execution] shall increase and +ascertain the condemnation. +Jer. Taylor. +The ministry, in order to ascertain a majority... persuaded +the queen to create twelve new peers. +Smollett. +The mildness and precision of their laws ascertained the +rule and measure of taxation. +Gibbon. +3. To find out or learn for a certainty, by trial, +examination, or experiment; to get to know; as, to ascertain +the weight of a commodity, or the purity of a metal. +He was there only for the purpose of ascertaining whether a +descent on England was practicable. +Macaulay. +As7cerOtain6aOble (?), a. That may be ascertained. P +As7cerOtain6aObleOness, n. P As7cerOtain6aObly, adv. +As7cerOtain6er (?), n. One who ascertains. +As7cerOtain6ment (?), n. The act of ascertaining; a reducing +to certainty; a finding out by investigation; discovery. +The positive ascertainment of its limits. +Burke. +AsOces6sanOcy (?), n. AsOces6sant (?), a. See Acescency, +Acescent. [Obs.] +AsOcet6ic (?) a. [Gr. ?, fr. ? to exercise, to practice +gymnastics.] Extremely rigid in selfPdenial and devotions; +austere; severe. +The stern ascetic rigor of the Temple discipline. +Sir W. Scott. +AsOcet6ic, n. In the early church, one who devoted himself +to a solitary and contemplative life, characterized by +devotion, extreme selfPdenial, and selfPmortification; a +hermit; a recluse; hence, one who practices extreme rigor +and selfPdenial in religious things. +I am far from commending those ascetics that take up their +quarters in deserts. +Norris. +w theology, the science which treats of the practice of the +theological and moral virtues, and the counsels of +perfection. +Am. Cyc. +AsOcet6iOcism (?), n. The condition, practice, or mode of +life, of ascetics. +As6cham (?), n. [From Roger Ascham, who was a great lover of +archery.] A sort of cupboard, or case, to contain bows and +other implements of archery. +X As6ci , n. pl. See Ascus. +As6cian , n. One of the Ascii. +AsOcid6iOan (?), n. [Gr. ? bladder, pouch.] (Zol.) One of +the Ascidioidea, or in a more general sense, one of the +Tunicata. Also as an Adj. +X AsOcid7iOa6riOum (?), n. [NL. See Ascidium.] (Zol.) The +structure which unites together the ascidiozooids in a +compound ascidian. +AsOcid6iOform , a. [Gr. ? a pouch + Oform.] (Zol.) Shaped +like an ascidian. +X AsOcid7iOoid6eOa (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. ascidium + Ooid. +See Ascidium.] (Zol.) A group of Tunicata, often shaped +like a twoPnecked bottle. The group includes, social, and +compound species. The gill is a netlike structure within the +oral aperture. The integument is usually leathery in +texture. See Illustration in Appendix. + + <-- p. 88 --> + +AsOcid7iOoOzo6oid (?), n. [Ascidium + zooid.] (Zol.) One +of the individual members of a compound ascidian. See +Ascidioidea. +X AsOcid6iOum (?), n.; pl. Ascidia (?). [NL., fr. ascus. See +Ascus.] 1. (Bot.) A pitcherPshaped, or flaskPshaped, organ +or appendage of a plant, as the leaves of the pitcher plant, +or the little bladderlike traps of the bladderwort +(Utricularia). +2. pl. (Zol.) A genus of simple ascidians, which formerly +included most of the known species. It is sometimes used as +a name for the Ascidioidea, or for all the Tunicata. +AsOcig6erOous (?), a. [Ascus + Ogerous.] (Bot.) Having asci. +Loudon. +X As6ciOi (?), As6cians (?), } n. pl. [L. ascii, pl. of +ascius, Gr. ? without shadow; ? priv. + ? shadow.] Persons +who, at certain times of the year, have no shadow at noon; P +applied to the inhabitants of the torrid zone, who have, +twice a year, a vertical sun. +X AsOci6tes (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ? (sc. ? disease), fr. ? +bladder, belly.] (Med.) A collection of serous fluid in the +cavity of the abdomen; dropsy of the peritoneum. +Dunglison. +AsOcit6ic (?), AsOcit6icOal (?), } a. Of, pertaining to, or +affected by, ascites; dropsical. +As7ciOti6tious (?), a. [See Adscititious.] Supplemental; not +inherent or original; adscititious; additional; assumed. +Homer has been reckoned an ascititious name. +Pope. +AsOcle6piOad (?), n. (Gr. & L. Pros.) A choriambic verse, +first used by the Greek poet Asclepias, consisting of four +feet, viz., a spondee, two choriambi, and an iambus. +AsOcle7piOaOda6ceous , a. [See Asclepias.] (Bot.) Of, +pertaining to, or resembling, plants of the Milkweed family. +X AsOcle6piOas , n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, named from Asclepios or +Aesculapius.] (Bot.) A genus of plants including the +milkweed, swallowwort, and some other species having +medicinal properties. +w butterfly (Zol.), a large, handsome, red and black +butterfly (Danais Archippus), found in both hemispheres. It +feeds on plants of the genus Asclepias. +X As7coOcoc6cus (?), n.; pl. Ascococci (?). [NL., fr. Gr. ? +bladder, bag + ? kernel.] (Biol.) A form of micrococcus, +found in putrid meat infusions, occurring in peculiar +masses, each of which is inclosed in a hyaline capsule and +contains a large number of spherical micrococci. +As6coOspore (?), n. [Ascus + spore.] (Bot.) One of the +spores contained in the asci of lichens and fungi. [See +Illust. of Ascus.] +AsOcrib6aOble (?), a. Capable of being ascribed; +attributable. +AsOcribe6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ascribed (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Ascribing.] [L. ascribere, adscribere, to ascribe; ad ++ scribere to write: cf. OF. ascrire. See Scribe.] 1. To +attribute, impute, or refer, as to a cause; as, his death +was ascribed to a poison; to ascribe an effect to the right +cause; to ascribe such a book to such an author. +The finest [speech] that is ascribed to Satan in the whole +poem. +Addison. +2. To attribute, as a quality, or an appurtenance; to +consider or allege to belong. +Syn. - To Ascribe, Attribute, Impute. Attribute denotes, 1. +To refer some quality or attribute to a being; as, to +attribute power to God. 2. To refer something to its cause +or source; as, to attribute a backward spring to icebergs +off the coast. Ascribe is used equally in both these senses, +but involves a different image. To impute usually denotes to +~ something doubtful or wrong, and hence, in general +literature, has commonly a bad sense; as, to impute unworthy +motives. The theological sense of impute is not here taken +into view. +More than goodPwill to me attribute naught. +Spenser. +Ascribes his gettings to his parts and merit. +Pope. +And fairly quit him of the imputed blame. +Spenser. +As6cript (?), a. See Adscript. [Obs.] +AsOcrip6tion (?), n. [L. ascriptio, fr. ascribere. See +Ascribe.] The act of ascribing, imputing, or affirming to +belong; also, that which is ascribed. +As7cripOti6tious (?), a. [L. ascriptitius, fr. ascribere.] +1. Ascribed. +2. Added; additional. [Obs.] +An ascriptitious and supernumerary God. +Farindon. +As6cus (?), n.; pl Asci (?). [NL., fr. Gr. ? a bladder.] +(Bot.) A small membranous bladder or tube in which are +inclosed the seedlike reproductive particles or sporules of +lichens and certain fungi. +APsea , adv. [Pref. aO + sea.] On the sea; at sea; toward +the sea. +AOsep6tic (?), a. [Pref. aO not + septic.] Not liable to +putrefaction; nonputrescent. P n. An ~ substance. +AOsex6uOal (?; 135), a. [Pref. aO not + sexual.] (Biol.) +Having no distinct; without sexual action; as, asexual +reproduction. See Fission and Gemmation. +AOsex6uOalOly (?), adv. In an asexual manner; without sexual +agency. +Ash (?), n. [OE. asch, esh, AS. sc; akin to OHG. asc, Sw. & +Dan. ask, Icel. askr, D. esch, G. esche.] 1. (Bot.) A genus +of trees of the Olive family, having opposite pinnate +leaves, many of the species furnishing valuable timber, as +the European ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and the white ash (F. +Americana). +Prickly ~ (Zanthoxylum Americanum) and Poison ~ (R??s +venerala) are shrubs of different families, somewhat +resembling the true ashes in their foliage. P Mountain ~. +See Roman tree, and under Mountain. +2. The tough, elastic wood of the ~ tree. +Ash is used adjectively, or as the first part of a compound +term; as, ash bud, ash wood, ash tree, etc. +Ash, n., sing. of Ashes. +5 Ash is rarely used in the singular except in connection +with chemical or geological products; as, soda ash, coal +which yields a red ash, etc., or as a qualifying or +combining word; as, ash bin, ash heap, ash hole, ash pan, +ash pit, ashPgrey, ashPgrey, ashPcolored, pearlash, potash. +Bone ~, burnt powered; bone earth. P Volcanic ~. See under +Ashes. +Ash, v. t. To strew or sprinkle with ashes. +Howell. +AOshame (?), v. t. [Pref. aO + shame: cf. AS. >scamian to +shame (where >O is the same as Goth. usO, G. erO, and orig. +meant out), gescamian, gesceamian, to shame.] To shame. [R.] +Barrow. +AOshamed6 (?), a. [Orig. a p. p. of ashame, v. t.] Affected +by shame; abashed or confused by guilt, or a conviction or +consciousness of some wrong action or impropriety. =I am +ashamed to beg.8 +Wyclif. +All that forsake thee shall be ashamed. +Jer. xvii. 13. +I began to be ashamed of sitting idle. +Johnson. +Enough to make us ashamed of our species. +Macaulay. +An ashamed person can hardly endure to meet the gaze of +those present. +Darwin. +5 Ashamed seldom precedes the noun or pronoun it qualifies. +By a Hebraism, it is sometimes used in the Bible to mean +disappointed, or defeated. +AOsham6edOly (?), adv. Bashfully. [R.] +Ash7anOtee6 (?), n.; pl. Ashantees (?). A native or an +inhabitant of Ashantee in Western Africa. +Ash7anOtee6, a. Of or pertaining to Ashantee. +Ash6Pcol7ored (?), a. Of the color of ashes; a whitish gray +or brownish gray. +Ash6en (?), a. [See Ash, the tree.] Of or pertaining to the +ash tree. =Ashen poles.8 +Dryden. +Ash6en, a. Consisting of, or resembling, ashes; of a color +between brown and gray, or white and gray. +The ashen hue of age. +Sir W. Scott. +Ash6en (?), n., obs. pl. for Ashes. +Chaucer. +Ash6erOy (?), n. 1. A depository for ashes. +2. A place where potash is made. +Ash6es (?), n. pl. [OE. asche, aske, AS. asce, sce, axe; +akin to OHG. asca, G. asche, D. asch, Icel. & Sw. aska, Dan. +aske, Goth. azgo.] 1. The earthy or mineral particles of +combustible substances remaining after combustion, as of +wood or coal. +2. Specifically: The remains of the human body when burnt, +or when 8returned to dust8 by natural decay. +Their martyred blood and ashes sow. +Milton. +The coffins were broken open. The ashes were scattered to +the winds. +Macaulay. +3. The color of ashes; deathlike paleness. +The lip of ashes, and the cheek of flame. +Byron. +In dust and ~, In sackcloth and ~, with humble expression of +grief or repentance; P from the method of mourning in +Eastern lands. P Volcanic ~, or Volcanic ash, the loose, +earthy matter, or small fragments of stone or lava, ejected +by volcanoes. +Ash6Ofire , n. A low fire used in chemical operations. +Ash6Pfur7nace (?), Ash6Pov7en (?), n. A furnace or oven for +fritting materials for glass making. +AOschine6 (?), a. Shining; radiant. +Ash6lar, Ash6ler } (?), n. [OE. ascheler, achiler, OF. +aiseler, fr. aiselle, dim. of ais plank, fr. L. axis, assis, +plank, axle. See Axle.] 1. (Masonry) (a) Hewn or squared +stone; also, masonry made of squared or hewn stone. +Rough ashlar, a block of freestone as brought from the +quarry. When hammerOdressed it is known as common ashlar. +Knight. +(b) In the United States especially, a thin facing of +squared and dressed stone upon a wall of rubble or brick. +2. (Carp.) One of the short upright pieces or studs between +the floor beams and the rafters of a garret. Ashlar pieces +cut off the sharp angles between the floor and ceiling. +Knight. +Ash6larOing, Ash6lerOing, } n. 1. The act of bedding ashlar +in mortar. +2. Ashlar when in thin slabs and made to serve merely as a +case to the body of the wall. +Brande & C. +3. (Carp.) The short upright pieces between the floor beams +and rafters in garrets. See Ashlar, 2. +AOshore6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + shore.] On shore or on land; +on the land adjacent to water; to the shore; to the land; +aground (when applied to a ship); P sometimes opposed to +aboard or afloat. +Here shall I die ashore. +Shak. +I must fetch his necessaries ashore. +Shak. +Ash6toOreth (?), n.; pl. Ashtaroth (?). The principal female +divinity of the Ph?nicians, as Baal was the principal male +divinity. +W. Smith. +Ash7 Wednes6day (?). The first day of Lent; P so called from +a custom in the Roman Catholic church of putting ashes, on +that day, upon the foreheads of penitents. +Ash6weed7 (?), n. (Bot.) [A corruption of achePweed; F. +ache. So named from the likeness of its leaves to those of +ache (celery).] Goutweed. +Ash6y (?), a. 1. Pertaining to, or composed of, ?shes; +filled, or strewed with, ashes. +2. AshPcolored; whitish gray; deadly pale. +Shak. +w pale, pale as ~. +Shak. +A6sian (?), a. [L. Asianus, Gr. ?, fr. ?, L. Asia.] Of or +pertaining to Asia; Asiatic. =Asian princes.8 Jer. Taylor. P +n. An Asiatic. +A6siOarch (?), n. [L. Asiarcha, Gr. ?; ? + ? ruler.] One of +the chiefs or pontiffs of the Roman province of Asia, who +had the superintendence of the public games and religious +rites. +Milner. +A7siOat6ic (?), a. [L. Asiaticus, Gr. ?.] Of or pertaining +to Asia or to its inhabitants. P n. A native, or one of the +people, of Asia. +A7siOat6iOcism (?), n. Something peculiar to Asia or the +Asiatics. +AOside6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + side.] 1. On, or to, one side; +out of a straight line, course, or direction; at a little +distance from the rest; out of the way; apart. +Thou shalt set aside that which is full. +2 Kings iv. 4. +But soft! but soft! aside: here comes the king. +Shak. +The flames were blown aside. +Dryden. +2. Out of one's thoughts; off; away; as, to put aside gloomy +thoughts. =Lay aside every weight.8 +Heb. xii. 1. +3. So as to be heard by others; privately. +Then lords and ladies spake aside. +Sir W. Scott. +To set ~ (Law), to annul or defeat the effect or operation +of, by a subsequent decision of the same or of a superior +tribunal; to declare of no authority; as, to set aside a +verdict or a judgment. +AOside6, n. Something spoken ~; as, a remark made by a +stageplayer which the other players are not supposed to +hear. +X AOsi6lus (?), n. [L., a gadfly.] (Zol.) A genus of large +and voracious twoPwinged flies, including the bee killer and +robber fly. +As7One6go, As7siOne6go (?), n. [Sp. asnico, dim. of asno an +ass.] A stupid fellow. [Obs.] +Shak. +As6iOnine (?), a. [L. asininus, fr. asinus ass. See Ass.] Of +or belonging to, or having the qualities of, the ass, as +stupidity and obstinacy. =Asinine nature.8 B. Jonson. +=Asinine feast.8 Milton. +As7iOnin6iOty (?), n. The quality of being asinine; +stupidity combined with obstinacy. +AOsi6phonOate (?), a. (Zol.) Destitute of a siphon or +breathing tube; P said of many bivalve shells. P n. An ~ +mollusk. +X As7iOpho6neOa (?), X AOsi7phoOna6ta (?), X As7iOphon6iOda +(?), } n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? priv. + ? a tube.] (Zol.) A +group of bivalve mollusks destitute of siphons, as the +oyster; the asiphonate mollusks. +X AOsi6tiOa (?), n. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? food.] (Med.) Want +of appetite; loathing of food. +Ask (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Asked (?); p. pr. & vb. n. +Asking.] [OE. asken, ashen, axien, AS. >scian, >csian; akin +to OS. ?sc?n, OHG. eisc?n, Sw. >ska, Dan. ske, D. eischen, +G. heischen, Lith. j sk"ti, OSlav. iskati to seek, Skr. ish +to desire. ?.] 1. To request; to seek to obtain by words; to +petition; to solicit; P often with of, in the sense of from, +before the person addressed. +Ask counsel, we pray thee, of God. +Judg. xviii. 5. +If ye abide in me, and my words abide in you, ye shall ask +what ye will, and it shall be done unto you. +John xv. 7. +2. To require, demand, claim, or expect, whether by way of +remuneration or return, or as a matter of necessity; as, +what price do you ask? +Ask me never so much dowry. +Gen. xxxiv. 12. +To whom men have committed much, of him they will ask the +more. +Luke xii. 48. +An exigence of state asks a much longer time to conduct a +design to maturity. +Addison. +3. To interrogate or inquire of or concerning; to put a +question to or about; to question. +He is of age; ask him: he shall speak for himself. +John ix. 21. +He asked the way to Chester. +Shak. +4. To invite; as, to ask one to an entertainment. +5. To publish in church for marriage; P said of both the +banns and the persons. +Fuller. +Syn. - To beg; request; seek; petition; solicit; entreat; +beseech; implore; crave; require; demand; claim; exhibit; +inquire; interrogate. See Beg. +Ask, v. i. 1. To request or petition; P usually folllowed by +for; as, to ask for bread. +Ask, and it shall be given you. +Matt. vii. 7. +2. To make inquiry, or seek by request; P sometimes followed +by after. +Wherefore... dost ask after my name? +Gen. xxxii. 29. +Ask (?), n. [See 2d Asker.] (Zol.) A water newt. [Scot. & +North of Eng.] +AOskance6 (?), AOskant6 (?), } adv. [Cf. D. schuin, schuins, +sideways, schuiven to shove, schuinte slope. Cf. Asquint.] +Sideways; obliquely; with a side glance; with disdain, envy, +or suspicion. +They dart away; they wheel askance. +Beattie. +My palfrey eyed them askance. +Landor. +Both... were viewed askance by authority. +Gladstone. +AOskance6 , v. t. To turn aside. [Poet.] +O, how are they wrapped in with infamies +That from their own misdeeds askance their eyes! +Shak. +Ask6er , n. One who asks; a petitioner; an inquirer. +Shak. +Ask6er, n. [A corruption of AS. a?exe lizard, newt.] (Zol.) +An ask; a water newt. [Local Eng.] +AOskew6 , adv. & a. [Pref. aO + skew.] Awry; askance; +asquint; oblique or obliquely; P sometimes indicating scorn, +or contempt, or entry. +Spenser. +Ask6ing , n. 1. The act of inquiring or requesting; a +petition; solicitation. +Longfellow. +2. The publishing of banns. + + <-- p. 89 --> + +AOslake6 (?), v. t. & i. [AS. >slacian, slacian, to slacken. +Cf. Slake.] To mitigate; to moderate; to appease; to abate; +to diminish. [Archaic] +Chaucer. +AOslant6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + slant.] Toward one side; +in a slanting direction; obliquely. +[The shaft] drove through his neck aslant. +Dryden. +AOslant6, prep. In a slanting direction over; athwart. +There is a willow grows aslant a brook. +Shak. +AOsleep6 , a. & adv. [Pref. aO + sleep.] 1. In a state of +sleep; in sleep; dormant. +Fast asleep the giant lay supine. +Dryden. +By whispering winds soon lulled asleep. +Milton. +2. In the sleep of the grave; dead. +Concerning them which are asleep... sorrow not, even as +others which have no hope. +1 Thess. iv. 13. +3. Numbed, and, usually, tingling. +Udall. +Leaning long upon any part maketh it numb, and, as we call +it, asleep. +Bacon. +AOslope6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + slope.] Slopingly; +aslant; declining from an upright direction; sloping. =Set +them not upright, but aslope.8 +Bacon. +AOslug6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + slug to move slowly.] +Sluggishly. [Obs.] +Fotherby. +AOsmear6 (?), a. [Pref. aO + smear.] Smeared over. +Dickens. +As7moOne6an (?), a. Of or pertaining to the patriotic Jewish +family to which the Maccabees belonged; Maccabean; as, the +Asmonean dynasty. [Written also Asmonan.] +As7moOne6an, n. One of the w family. The Asmoneans were +leaders and rulers of the Jews from 168 to 35 b. c. +AOsoak6 (?), a. [Pref. aO + soak.] Soaking. +AOso6maOtous (?), a. [L. asomatus, Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? body.] +Without a material body; incorporeal. +Todd. +As6oOnant (?), a. [Pref. aO not + sonant.] Not sounding or +sounded. [R.] +C. C. Felton. +Asp (?), n. (Bot.) Same as Aspen. =Trembling poplar or asp.8 +Martyn. +Asp (?), n. [L. aspis, fr. Gr. ?: cf. OF. aspe, F. aspic.] +(Zol.) A small, hooded, poisonous serpent of Egypt and +adjacent countries, whose bite is often fatal. It is the +Naja haje. The name is also applied to other poisonous +serpents, esp. to Vipera aspis of southern Europe. See Haje. +X AsOpal6aOthus (?), n. [L. aspalathus, Gr. ?.] (Bot.) (a) A +thorny shrub yielding a fragrant oil. Ecclus. xxiv. 15. (b) +A genus of plants of the natural order Leguminos. The +species are chiefly natives of the Cape of Good Hope. +AsOpar6aOgine (?), n. [Cf. F. asparagine.] (Chem.) A white, +nitrogenous, crystallizable substance, C4H8N2O3+H2O, found +in many plants, and first obtained from asparagus It is +believed to aid in the disposition of nitrogenous matter +throughout the plant; P called also altheine. +As7paOrag6iOnous (?), a. Pertaining or allied to, or +resembling, asparagus; having shoots which are eaten like +asparagus; as, asparaginous vegetables. +AsOpar6aOgus (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, ?; cf. ? to swell with +sap or juice, and Zend ?paregha prong, sprout, Pers. +asparag, Lith. spurgas sprout, Skr. sphurj to swell. Perh. +the Greek borrowed from the Persian. Cf. Sparrowgrass.] 1. +(Bot.) A genus of perennial plants belonging to the natural +order Liliace, and having erect much branched stems, and +very slender branchlets which are sometimes mistaken for +leaves. Asparagus racemosus is a shrubby climbing plant with +fragrant flowers. Specifically: The Asparagus officinalis, a +species cultivated in gardens. +2. The young and tender shoots of A. officinalis, which form +a valuable and wellPknown article of food. +5 This word was formerly pronounced sparrowgrass; but this +pronunciation is now confined exclusively to uneducated +people. +w beetle (Zol.), a small beetle (Crioceris asparagi) +injurious to ~. +AsOpar6tic (?), a. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived, +asparagine; as, aspartic acid. +As6pect (?), n. [L. aspectus, fr. aspicere, aspectum, to +look at; ad + spicere, specere, to look, akin to E. spy.] 1. +The act of looking; vision; gaze; glance. [R.] =The basilisk +killeth by aspect.8 +Bacon. +His aspect was bent on the ground. +Sir W. Scott. +2. Look, or particular appearance of the face; countenance; +mien; air. =Serious in aspect.8 +Dryden. +[Craggs] with aspect open shall erect his head. +Pope. +3. Appearance to the eye or the mind; look; view. =The +aspect of affairs.8 +Macaulay. +The true aspect of a world lying in its rubbish. +T. Burnet. +4. Position or situation with regard to seeing; that +position which enables one to look in a particular +direction; position in relation to the points of the +compass; as, a house has a southern aspect, that is, a +position which faces the south. +5. Prospect; outlook. [Obs.] +This town affords a good aspect toward the hill from whence +we descended. +Evelyn. +6. (Astrol.) The situation of planets or stars with respect +to one another, or the angle formed by the rays of light +proceeding from them and meeting at the eye; the joint look +of planets or stars upon each other or upon the earth. +Milton. +5 The aspects which two planets can assume are five; +sextile, ?, when the planets are 600 apart; quartile, or +quadrate, ?, when their distance is 900 or the quarter of a +circle; trine, ?, when the distance is 1200; opposition, ?, +when the distance is 1800, or half a circle; and +conjunction, ?, when they are in the same degree. Astrology +taught that the aspects of the planets exerted an influence +on human affairs, in some situations for good and in others +for evil. +7. (Astrol.) The influence of the stars for good or evil; +as, an ill aspect. +Shak. +The astrologers call the evil influences of the stars evil +aspects. +Bacon. +w of a plane (Geom.), the direction of the plane. +AsOpect6 (?), v. t. [L. aspectare, v. intens. of aspicere. +See Aspect, n.] To behold; to look at. [Obs.] +AsOpect6aOble (?), a. [L. aspectabilis.] Capable of being; +visible. =The aspectable world.8 Ray. =Aspectable stars.8 +Mr. Browning. +AsOpect6ant (?), a. (Her.) Facing each other. +AsOpect6ed, a. Having an aspect. [Obs.] +B. Jonson. +AsOpec6tion (?), n. [L. aspectio, fr. aspicere to look at.] +The act of viewing; a look. [Obs.] +Asp6en (?), Asp (?), } n. [AS. sp, ps; akin to OHG. aspa, +Icel. sp, Dan. sp, Sw. asp, D. esp, G. espe, spe, aspe; +cf. Lettish apsa, Lith. apuszis.] (Bot.) One of several +species of poplar bearing this name, especially the Populus +tremula, so called from the trembling of its leaves, which +move with the slightest impulse of the air. +Asp6en (?), a. Of or pertaining to the ~, or resembling it; +made of ~ wood. +Nor aspen leaves confess the gentlest breeze. +Gay. +As6per (?), a. [OE. aspre, OF. aspre, F. pre, fr. L. asper +rough.] Rough; rugged; harsh; bitter; stern; fierce. +[Archaic] =An asper sound.8 +Bacon. +X As6per (?), n. [L. spiritus asper rough breathing.] (Greek +Gram.) The rough breathing; a mark (?) placed over an +initial vowel sound or over ? to show that it is aspirated, +that is, pronounced with h before it; thus ?, pronounced +h?s, ?, pronounced hr>6t?r. +X As6per, n. [F. aspre or It. aspro, fr. MGr. ?, ?, white +(prob. from the whiteness of new silver coins).] A Turkish +money of account (formerly a coin), of little value; the +120th part of a piaster. +As6perOate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Asperated; p. pr. & vb. +n. Asperating.] [L. asperatus, p. p. of asperare, fr. asper +rough.] To make rough or uneven. +The asperated part of its surface. +Boyle. +As7perOa6tion (?), n. The act of asperating; a making or +becoming rough. +Bailey. +X AsOper6ges (?), n. [L., Thou shalt sprinkle.] (R. C. Ch.) +(a) The service or ceremony of sprinkling with holy water. +(b) The brush or instrument used in sprinkling holy water; +an aspergill. +As6perOgill (?), X As7perOgil6lum (?), } n. [LL. +aspergillum, fr. L. aspergere. See Asperse, v. t. 1. The +brush used in the Roman Catholic church for sprinkling holy +water on the people. [Also written aspergillus.] +2. (Zol.) See Wateringpot shell. +As7perOgil6liOform (?), a. [Aspergillum + Oform.] (Bot.) +Resembling the aspergillum in form; as, an aspergilliform +stigma. +Gray. +As7perOiOfo6liOate (?), As7perOiOfo6liOous (?), } a. [L. +asper rough + folium leaf.] (Bot.) Having rough leaves. +5 By some applied to the natural order now called +Boraginace or borageworts. +AsOper6iOty (?), n.; pl. Asperities (?). [L. asperitas, fr. +asper rough: cf. F. asprit.] 1. Roughness of surface; +unevenness; P opposed to smoothness. =The asperities of dry +bodies.8 +Boyle. +2. Roughness or harshness of sound; that quality which +grates upon the ear; raucity. +3. Roughness to the taste; sourness; tartness. +4. Moral roughness; roughness of manner; severity; +crabbedness; harshness; P opposed to mildness. =Asperity of +character.8 +Landor. +It is no very cynical asperity not to confess obligations +where no benefit has been received. +Johnson. +5. Sharpness; disagreeableness; difficulty. +The acclivities and asperities of duty. +Barrow. +Syn. - Acrimony; moroseness; crabbedness; harshness; +sourness; tartness. See Acrimony. +AOsper6maOtous (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ?, ?, seed.] (Bot.) +Aspermous. +AOsper6mous , a. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? seed.] (Bot.) +Destitute of seeds; aspermatous. +AOsperne6 (?), v. t. [L. aspernari; a (ab) + spernari.] To +spurn; to despise. [Obs.] +Sir T. More. +As6perOous (?), a. [See Asper, a.] Rough; uneven. +Boyle. +AsOperse6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aspersed (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Aspersing.] [L. aspersus, p. p. of aspergere to +scatter, sprinkle; ad + spargere to strew. See Sparse.] 1. +To sprinkle, as water or dust, upon anybody or anything, or +to besprinkle any one with a liquid or with dust. +Heywood. +2. To bespatter with foul reports or false and injurious +charges; to tarnish in point of reputation or good name; to +slander or calumniate; as, to asperse a poet or his +writings; to asperse a man's character. +With blackest crimes aspersed. +Cowper. +Syn. - To slander; defame; detract from; calumniate; vilify. +P To Asperse, Defame, Slander, Calumniate. These words have +in common the idea of falsely assailing the character of +another. To asperse is figuratively to cast upon a character +hitherto unsullied the imputation of blemishes or faults +which render it offensive or loathsome. To defame is to +detract from a man's honor and reputation by charges +calculated to load him with infamy. Slander (etymologically +the same as scandal) and calumniate, from the Latin, have in +common the sense of circulating reports to a man's injury +from unworthy or malicious motives. Men asperse their +neighbors by malignant insinuations; they defame by +advancing charges to blacken or sully their fair fame; they +slander or calumniate by spreading injurious reports which +are false, or by magnifying slight faults into serious +errors or crimes. +AsOpersed6 (?), a. 1. (Her.) Having an indefinite number of +small charges scattered or strewed over the surface. +Cussans. +2. Bespattered; slandered; calumniated. +Motley. +AsOpers6er (?), n. One who asperses; especially, one who +vilifies another. +AsOper6sion (?), n. [L. aspersio, fr. aspergere: cf. F. +aspersion.] 1. A sprinkling, as with water or dust, in a +literal sense. +Behold an immersion, not and aspersion. +Jer. Taylor. +2. The spreading of calumniations reports or charges which +tarnish reputation, like the bespattering of a body with +foul water; calumny. +Every candid critic would be ashamed to cast wholesale +aspersions on the entire body of professional teachers. +Grote. +Who would by base aspersions blot thy virtue. +Dryden. +AsOpers6ive (?), a. Tending to asperse; defamatory; +slanderous. P AsOpers6iveOly, adv. +X As7per7soir6 (?), n. [F.] An aspergill. +X As7perOso6riOum (?), n.; pl. Aspersoria (?). [LL. See +Asperse.] 1. The stoup, basin, or other vessel for holy +water in Roman Catholic churches. +2. A brush for sprinkling holy water; an aspergill. +As6phalt (?), AsOphal6tum (?), } n. [Gr. ?, of eastern +origin: cf. F. asphalte.] 1. Mineral pitch, Jews' pitch, or +compact native bitumen. It is brittle, of a black or brown +color and high luster on a surface of fracture; it melts and +burns when heated, leaving no residue. It occurs on the +surface and shores of the Dead Sea, which is therefore +called Asphaltites, or the Asphaltic Lake. It is found also +in many parts of Asia, Europe, and America. See Bitumen. +2. A composition of bitumen, pitch, lime, and gravel, used +for forming pavements, and as a waterPproof cement for +bridges, roofs, etc.; asphaltic cement. Artificial asphalt +is prepared from coal tar, lime, sand, etc. +Asphalt stone, Asphalt rock, a limestone found impregnated +with asphalt. +As6phalt, v. t. To cover with ~; as, to asphalt a roof; +asphalted streets. +X As7phalte6 (?), n. [F. See Asphalt.] Asphaltic mastic or +cement. See Asphalt, 2. +AsOphal6tic (?), a. Pertaining to, of the nature of, or +containing, asphalt; bituminous. =Asphaltic pool.8 +=Asphaltic slime.8 +Milton. +AsOphal6tite (?), a. Asphaltic. +AsOphal6tite (?), a. Asphaltic. +Bryant. +X AsOphal6tus , n. See Asphalt. +As6phoOdel (?), n. [L. asphodelus, Gr. ?. See Daffodil.] +(Bot.) A general name for a plant of the genus Asphodelus. +The asphodels are hardy perennial plants, several species of +which are cultivated for the beauty of their flowers. +5 The name is also popularly given to species of other +genera. The asphodel of the early English and French poets +was the daffodil. The asphodel of the Greek poets is +supposed to be the Narcissus poeticus. +Dr. Prior. +Pansies, and violets, and asphodel. +Milton. +AsOphyc6tic (?), a. Pertaining to asphyxia. +X AsOphyx6iOa (?), AsOphyx6y (?), } n. [NL. asphyxia, fr. +Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? to throb, beat.] (Med.) Apparent death, +or suspended animation; the condition which results from +interruption of respiration, as in suffocation or drowning, +or the inhalation of irrespirable gases. +AsOphyx6iOal (?), a. Of or relating to asphyxia; as, +asphyxial phenomena. +AsOphyx6iOate (?), v. t. To bring to a state of asphyxia; to +suffocate. [Used commonly in the past pple.] +AsOphyx6iOa7ted (?), AsOphyx6ied (?), p. p. In a state of +asphyxia; suffocated. +AsOphyx7iOa6tion (?), n. The act of causing asphyxia; a +state of asphyxia. +As6pic (?), n. [F. See Asp.] 1. The venomous asp. [Chiefly +poetic] +Shak. Tennyson. +2. A piece of ordnance carrying a 12 pound shot. [Obs.] +As6pic, n. [F., a corrupt. of spic (OF. espi, F. pi), L. +spica (spicum, spicus), ear, spike. See Spike.] A European +species of lavender (Lavandula spica), which produces a +volatile oil. See Spike. +As6pic, n. [F., prob. fr. aspic an asp.] A savory meat jelly +containing portions of fowl, game, fish, hard boiled eggs, +etc. +Thackeray. +X As7piOdoObran6chiOa (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ?, ?, shield ++ ? gills.] (Zol.) A group of Gastropoda, with limpetlike +shells, including the abalone shells and keyhole limpets. +AsOpir6ant (?; 277), a. [Cf. F. aspirant, p. pr. of aspirer. +See Aspire.] Aspiring. +AsOpir6ant, n. [Cf. F. aspirant.] One who aspires; one who +eagerly seeks some high position or object of attainment. +In consequence of the resignations... the way to greatness +was left clear to a new set of aspirants. +Macaulay. +As6piOrate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Aspirated (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Aspirating (?).] [L. aspiratus, p. p. of aspirare to +breathe toward or upon, to add the breathing h; ad + spirare +to breathe, blow. Cf. Aspire.] To [pronounce with a +breathing, an ~, or an h sound; as, we aspirate the words +horse and house; to aspirate a vowel or a liquid consonant. +As6piOrate (?), n. 1. A sound consisting of, or +characterized by, a breath like the sound of h; the +breathing h or a character representing such a sound; an +aspirated sound. + + <-- p. 90 --> + +2. A mark of aspiration (?) used in Greek; the asper, or +rough breathing. +Bentley. +3. An elementary sound produced by the breath alone; a surd, +or nonvocal consonant; as, f, th in thin, etc. +As6piOrate (?), As6piOra6ted (?), } a. [L. aspiratus, p. p.] +Pronounced with the h sound or with audible breath. +But yet they are not aspirate, i. e., with such an +aspiration as h. +Holder. +As7piOra6tion (?), n. [L. aspiratio, fr. aspirare: cf. F. +aspiration.] 1. The act of aspirating; the pronunciation of +a letter with a full or strong emission of breath; an +aspirated sound. +If aspiration be defined to be an impetus of breathing. +Wilkins. +2. The act of breathing; a breath; an inspiration. +3. The act of aspiring of a ardently desiring; strong wish; +high desire. =Aspirations after virtue.8 +Johnson. +Vague aspiration after military renown. +Prescott. +As6piOra7tor (?), n. 1. (Chem.) An apparatus for passing air +or gases through or over certain liquids or solids, or for +exhausting a closed vessel, by means of suction. +2. (Med.) An instrument for the evacuation of the fluid +contents of tumors or collections of blood. +AsOpir6aOtoOry (?), a. Of or pertaining to breathing; suited +to the inhaling of air +AsOpire6 (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Aspired (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Aspiring.] [F. aspirer, L. aspirare. See Aspirate, v. t.] +1. To desire with eagerness; to seek to attain something +high or great; to pant; to long; P followed by to or after, +and rarely by at; as, to aspire to a crown; to aspire after +immorality. +Aspiring to be gods, if angels fell; +Aspiring to be angels, men rebel. +Pope. +2. To rise; to ascend; to tower; to soar. +My own breath still foments the fire, +Which flames as high as fancy can aspire. +Waller. +AsOpire6, v. t. To ~ to; to long for; to try to reach; to +mount to. [Obs.] +That gallant spirit hath aspired the clouds. +Shak. +AsOpire6, n. Aspiration. [Obs.] +Chapman. +AsOpire6ment (?), n. Aspiration. [Obs.] +AsOpir6er (?), n. One who aspires. +AsOpir6ing, a. That aspires; as, an Aspiring mind. P +AsOpir6ingOly, adv. P AsOpir6ingOness, n. +Asp6ish (?), a. Pertaining to, or like, an asp. +As7porOta6tion (?), n. [L. asportatio, fr. asportare to +carry away; abs = ab + portare to bear, carry.] (Law) The +felonious removal of goods from the place where they were +deposited. +5 It is adjudged to be larceny, though the goods are not +carried from the house or apartment. +Blackstone. +AOsprawl6 (?), adv. & a. Sprawling. +AOsquat6 (?), adv. & a. Squatting. +AOsquint6 (?), adv. [Cf. Askant, Squint.] With the eye +directed to one side; not in the straight line of vision; +obliquely; awry, so as to see distortedly; as, to look +asquint. +Ass (?), n. [OE. asse, AS. assa; akin to Icel. asni, W. +asen, asyn, L. asinus, dim. aselus, Gr. ?; also to AS. esol, +OHG. esil, G. esel, Goth. asilus, Dan. sel, Lith. asilas, +Bohem. osel, Pol. osiel. The word is prob. of Semitic +origin; cf. Heb. ath?n she ~. Cf. Ease.] 1. (Zol.) A +quadruped of the genus Equus (E. asinus), smaller than the +horse, and having a peculiarly harsh bray and long ears. The +tame or domestic ~ is patient, slow, and surePfooted, and +has become the type of obstinacy and stupidity. There are +several species of wild asses which are swiftPfooted. +2. A dull, heavy, stupid fellow; a dolt. +Shak. +Asses' Bridge. [L. pons asinorum.] The fifth proposition of +the first book of Euclid, =The angles at the base of an +isosceles triangle are equal to one another.8 [Sportive] =A +schoolboy, stammering out his Asses' Bridge.8 F. Harrison. P +To make an ~ of one's self, to do or say something very +foolish or absurd. +As7saOf?t6iOda (?), n. Same as Asafetida. +As6saOgai (?), As6seOgai (?), n. [Pg. azagaia, Sp. azagaya, +fr. a Berber word. Cf. Lancegay.] A spear used by tribes in +South Africa as a missile and for stabbing, a kind of light +javelin. +X AsOsa6i (?). [It., fr. L. ad + satis enough. See Assets.] +(Mus.) A direction equiv?lent to very; as, adagio assai, +very slow. +AsOsail6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assailed (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Assailing.] [OE. assailen, asailen, OF. asaillir, +assailler, F. assaillir; ? (L. ad) + saillir to burst out, +project, fr. L. salire to leap, spring; cf. L. assilire to +leap or spring upon. See Sally.] 1. To attack with violence, +or in a vehement and hostile manner; to assault; to molest; +as, to assail ? man with blows; to assail a city with +artillery. +No rude noise mine ears assailing. +Cowper. +No storm can now assail +The charm he wears within. +Keble. +2. To encounter or meet purposely with the v??? of +??stering, as an obstacle, difficulty, or the like. +The thorny wilds the woodmen fierce assail. +Pope. +3. To attack morally, or with a view to produce ?anges in +the feelings, character, conduct, existing usages, +institutions; to attack by words, hostile influence, etc.; +as, to assail one with appeals, arguments, abuse, ridicule, +and the like. +The papal authority... assailed. +Hallam. +They assailed him with keen invective; they assailed him +with still keener irony. + +Macaulay. +Syn. - To attack; assault; invade; encounter; fall upon. See +Attack. +AsOsail6aOble (?), a. Capable of being assailed. +AsOsail6ant (?), a. [F. assaillant, p. pr. of assaillir.] +Assailing; attacking. +Milton. +AsOsail6ant, n. [F. assaillant.] One who, or that which, +assails, attacks, or assaults; an assailer. +An assailant of the church. +Macaulay. +AsOsail6er (?), n. One who assails. +AsOsail6ment (?), n. The act or power of assailing; attack; +assault. [R.] +His most frequent assailment was the headache. +Johnson. +As6saOmar (?), n. [L. assare to roast + amarus, bitter.] +(Chem.) The peculiar bitter substance, soft or liquid, and +of a yellow color, produced when meat, bread, gum, sugar, +starch, and the like, are roasted till they turn brown. +As7samOese6 (?), a. Of or pertaining to Assam, a province of +British India, or to its inhabitants. P n. sing. & pl. A +native or natives of Assam. +X As7saOpan6 (?), X As7saOpan6ic (?), n. [Prob. Indian +name.] (Zol.) The American flying squirrel (Pteromys +volucella). +AsOsart6 , n. [OF. essart the grubbing up of trees, fr. +essarter to grub up or clear ground of bushes, shrubs, +trees, etc., fr. LL. exartum, exartare, for exsaritare; L. +ex + sarire, sarrire, saritum, to hoe, weed.] 1. (Old Law) +The act or offense of grubbing up trees and bushes, and thus +destroying the tickets or coverts of a forest. +Spelman. Cowell. +2. A piece of land cleared of trees and bushes, and fitted +for cultivation; a clearing. +Ash. +w land, forest land cleared of woods and brush. +AsOsart6, v. t. To grub up, as trees; to commit an ~ upon; +as, to assart land or trees. +Ashmole. +AsOsas6sin (?), n. [F. (cf. It. assassino), fr. Ar. +?hashishin one who has drunk of the hashish. Under its +influence the Assassins of the East, followers of the Shaikh +alPJabal (Old Man of the Mountain), were said to commit the +murders required by their chief.] One who kills, or attempts +to kill, by surprise or secret assault; one who +treacherously murders any one unprepared for defense. +AsOsas6sin, v. t. To assassinate. [Obs.] +Stillingfleet. +AsOsas6sinOate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assassinated (?); p. +pr. & vb. n. Assassinating (?).] [LL. assassinatus, p. p. of +assassinare.] 1. To kill by surprise or secret assault; to +murder by treacherous violence. +Help, neighbors, my house is broken open by force, and I am +ravished, and like to be assassinated. +Dryden. +2. To assail with murderous intent; hence, by extended +meaning, to maltreat exceedingly. [Archaic] +Your rhymes assassinate our fame. +Dryden. +Such usage as your honorable lords +Afford me, assassinated and betrayed. +Milton. +Syn. - To kill; murder; slay. See Kill. +AsOsas6sinOate (?), n. [F. assassinat.] 1. An assassination, +murder, or murderous assault. [Obs.] +If i had made an assassinate upon your father. +B. Jonson. +2. An assassin. [Obs.] +Dryden. +AsOsas7siOna6tion (?), n. The act of assassinating; a +killing by treacherous violence. +AsOsas6siOna7tor (?), n. An assassin. +AsOsas6sinOous (?), a. Murderous. +Milton. +AsOsas6tion (?), n. [F., fr. LL. assatio, fr. L. assare to +roast.] Roasting. [Obs.] +Sir T. Browne. +AsOsault6 (?), n. [OE. asaut, assaut, OF. assaut, asalt, F. +assaut, LL. assaltus; L. ad + saltus a leaping, a springing, +salire to leap. See Assail.] 1. A violent onset or attack +with physical means, as blows, weapons, etc.; an onslaught; +the rush or charge of an attacking force; onset; as, to make +assault upon a man, a house, or a town. +The Spanish general prepared to renew the assault. +Prescott. +Unshaken bears the assault +Of their most dreaded foe, the strong southwest. +Wordsworth. +2. A violent onset or attack with moral weapons, as words, +arguments, appeals, and the like; as, to make an assault on +the prerogatives of a prince, or on the constitution of a +government. +Clarendon. +3. (Law) An apparently violent attempt, or ? offer with +force or violence, to do hurt to another; an attempt or +offer to beat another, accompanied by a degree of violence, +but without touching his person, as by lifting the fist, or +a cane, in a threatening manner, or by striking at him, and +missing him. If the blow aimed takes effect, it is a +battery. +Blackstone. Wharton. +Practically, however, the word assault is used to include +the battery. +Mozley & W. +Syn. - Attack; invasion; incursion; descent; onset; +onslaught; charge; storm. +AsOsault6, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assaulted; p. pr. & vb. n. +Assaulting.] From Assault, n.: cf. OF. assaulter, LL. +assaltare.] 1. To make an ~ upon, as by a sudden rush of +armed men; to attack with unlawful or insulting physical +violence or menaces. +Insnared, assaulted, overcome, led bound. +Milton. +2. To attack with moral means, or with a view of producing +moral effects; to attack by words, arguments, or unfriendly +measures; to assail; as, to assault a reputation or an +administration. +Before the gates, the cries of babes newborn,... +Assault his ears. +Dryden. +5 In the latter sense, assail is more common. +Syn. - To attack; assail; invade; encounter; storm; charge. +See Attack. +AsOsaut6aOble (?), a. Capable of being assaulted. +AsOsault6er (?), n. One who assaults, or violently attacks; +an assailant. +E. Hall. +AsOsay6 (?), n. [OF. asai, essai, trial, F. essa. See Essay, +n.] 1. Trial; attempt; essay. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +I am withal persuaded that it may prove much more easy in +the assay than it now seems at distance. +Milton. +2. Examination and determination; test; as, an assay of +bread or wine. [Obs.] +This can not be, by no assay of reason. +Shak. +3. Trial by danger or by affliction; adventure; risk; +hardship; state of being tried. [Obs.] +Through many hard assays which did betide. +Spenser. +4. Tested purity or value. [Obs.] +With gold and pearl of rich assay. +Spenser. +5. (Metallurgy) The act or process of ascertaining the +proportion of a particular metal in an ore or alloy; +especially, the determination of the proportion of gold or +silver in bullion or coin. +6. The alloy or metal to be assayed. +Ure. +[Assay and essay are radically the same word; but modern +usage has appropriated assay chiefly to experiments in +metallurgy, and essay to intellectual and bodily efforts. +See Essay.] +5 Assay is used adjectively or as the first part of a +compound; as, assay balance, assay furnace. +w master, an officer who assays or tests gold or silver coin +or bullion. P w ton, a weight of 29.166% grams. +AsOsay6, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assayed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. +Assaying.] [OF. asaier, essaier, F. essayer, fr. essai. See +Assay, n., Essay, v.] 1. To try; to attempt; to apply. [Obs. +or Archaic] +ToPnight let us assay our plot. +Shak. +Soft words to his fierce passion she assayed. +Milton. +2. To affect. [Obs.] +When the heart is ill assayed. +Spenser. +3. To try tasting, as food or drink. [Obs.] +4. To subject, as an ore, alloy, or other metallic compound, +to chemical or metallurgical examination, in order to +determine the amount of a particular metal contained in it, +or to ascertain its composition. +AsOsay6, v. i. To attempt, try, or endeavor. [Archaic. In +this sense essay is now commonly used.] +She thrice assayed to speak. +Dryden. +AsOsay6aOble (?), a. That may be assayed. +AsOsay6er , n. One who assays. Specifically: One who +examines metallic ores or compounds, for the purpose of +determining the amount of any particular metal in the same, +especially of gold or silver. +AsOsay6ing, n. The act or process of testing, esp. of +analyzing or examining metals and ores, to determine the +proportion of pure metal. +X Asse (?), n. (Zol.) A small foxlike animal (Vulpes cama) +of South Africa, valued for its fur. +As7seOcuOra6tion (?), n. [LL. assecuratio, fr. assecurare.] +Assurance; certainty. [Obs.] +As7seOcure6 (?), v. t. [LL. assecurare.] To make sure or +safe; to assure. [Obs.] +Hooker. +As7seOcu6tion (?), n. [F. asscution, fr. L. assequi to +obtain; ad + sequi to follow.] An obtaining or acquiring. +[Obs.] +Ayliffe. +As6seOgai (?), n. Same as Assagai. +AsOsem6blage , n. [Cf. F. assemblage. See Assemble.] 1. The +act of assembling, or the state o? being; association. +In sweet assemblage every blooming grace. +Fen???. +2. A collection of individuals, or of individuals, or of +particular things; as, a political assemblage; an assemblage +of ideas. +Syn. - Company; group; collection; concourse; gathering; +meeting; convention. Assemblage, Assembly. An assembly +consists only of persons; an assemblage may be composed of +things as well as persons, as, an assemblage of incoherent +objects. Nor is every assemblage of persons an assembly; +since the latter term denotes a body who have met, and are +acting, in concert for some common end, such as to hear, to +deliberate, to unite in music, dancing, etc. An assemblage +of skaters on a lake, or of horse jockeys at a race course, +is not an assembly, but might be turned into one by +collecting into a body with a view to discuss and decide as +to some object of common interest. +AsOsem6blance , n. [Cf. OF. assemblance.] 1. Resemblance; +likeness; appearance. [Obs.] +Care I for the... stature, bulk, and big assemblance of a +man ? Give me the spirit. +Shak. +2. An assembling; assemblage. [Obs.] +To weete [know] the cause of their assemblance. +Spenser. +AsOsem6ble (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assembled (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Assembling (?).] [F. assembler, fr. LL. assimulare to +bring together to collect; L. ad + simul together; akin to +similis like, Gr. ? at the same time, and E. same. Cf. +Assimilate, Same.] To collect into one place or body; to +bring or call together; to convene; to congregate. +Thither he assembled all his train. +Milton. +All the men of Israel assembled themselves. +1 Kings viii. 2. +AsOsem6ble, v. i. To meet or come together, as a number of +individuals; to convene; to congregate. +Dryden. + +The Parliament assembled in November. +W. Massey. +AsOsem6ble, v. i. To liken; to compare. [Obs.] +Bribes may be assembled to pitch. +Latimer. +AsOsem6bler (?), n. One who assembles a number of +individuals; also, one of a number assembled. +AsOsem6bly (?), n.; pl. Assemblies (?). [F. assemble, fr. +assembler. See Assemble.] 1. A company of persons collected +together in one place, and usually for some common purpose, +esp. for deliberation and legislation, for worship, or for +social entertainment. +2. A collection of inanimate objects. [Obs.] +Howell. +3. (Mil.) A beat of the drum or sound of the bugle as a +signal to troops to assemble. +5 In some of the United States, the legislature, or the +popular branch of it, is called the Assembly, or the General +Assembly. In the Presbyterian Church, the General Assembly +is the highest ecclesiastical tribunal, composed of +ministers and ruling elders delegated from each presbytery; +as, the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the +United States, or of Scotland. + + <-- p. 91 --> + +Assembly room, a room in which persons assemble, especially +for dancing. P Unlawful assembly (Law), a meeting of three +or more persons on a common plan, in such a way as to cause +a reasonable apprehension that they will disturb the peace +tumultuously. P Westminster Assembly, a convocation, +consisting chiefly of divines, which, by act of Parliament, +assembled July 1, 1643, and remained in session some years. +It framed the =Confession of Faith,8 the =Larger Catechism,8 +and the =Shorter Catechism,8 which are still received as +authority by Presbyterians, and are substantially accepted +by Congregationalists. +Syn. - See Assemblage. +AsOsem6blyOman (?), n.; pl. Assemblymen (?). A member of an +assembly, especially of the lower branch of a state +legislature. +AsOsent6, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assented; p. pr. & vb. n. +Assenting.] [ F. assentir, L. assentire, assentiri; ad + +sentire to feel, think. See Sense.] To admit a thing as +true; to express one's agreement, acquiescence, concurrence, +or concession. +Who informed the governor... And the Jews also assented, +saying that these things were so. +Acts xxiv. 9. +The princess assented to all that was suggested. +Macaulay. +Syn. - To yield; agree; acquiesce; concede; concur. +AsOsent6 (?), n. [OE. assent, fr. assentir. See Assent, v.] +The act of assenting; the act of the mind in admitting or +agreeing to anything; concurrence with approval; consent; +agreement; acquiescence. +Faith is the assent to any proposition, on the credit of the +proposer. +Locke. +The assent, if not the approbation, of the prince. +Prescott. +Too many people read this ribaldry with assent and +admiration. +Macaulay. +Royal ~, in England, the ~ of the sovereign to a bill which +has passed both houses of Parliament, after which it becomes +law. +Syn. - Concurrence; acquiescence; approval; accord. P +Assent, Consent. Assent is an act of the understanding, +consent of the will or feelings. We assent to the views of +others when our minds come to the same conclusion with +theirs as to what is true, right, or admissible. We consent +when there is such a concurrence of our will with their +desires and wishes that we decide to comply with their +requests. The king of England gives his assent, not his +consent, to acts of Parliament, because, in theory at least, +he is not governed by personal feelings or choice, but by a +deliberate, judgment as to the common good. We also use +assent in cases where a proposal is made which involves but +little interest or feeling. A lady may assent to a +gentleman's opening the window; but if he offers himself in +marriage, he must wait for her consent. +As7senOta6tion (?), n. [L. assentatio. See Assent, v.] +Insincere, flattering, or obsequious assent; hypocritical or +pretended concurrence. +Abject flattery and indiscriminate assentation degrade as +much as indiscriminate contradiction and noisy debate +disgust. +Ld. Chesterfield. +As7senOta6tor , n. [L., fr. assentari to assent constantly.] +An obsequious; a flatterer. [R.] +AsOsent6aOtoOry (?), a. Flattering; obsequious. [Obs.] P +AsOsent6aOtoOriOly, adv. [Obs.] +AsOsent6er (?), n. One who assents. +AsOsen6tient , a. Assenting. +AsOsent6ing (?), a. Giving or implying assent. P +AsOsent6ingOly, adv. +AsOsent6ive (?), a. Giving assent; of the nature of assent; +complying. P AsOsent6iveOness, n. +AsOsent6ment , n. Assent; agreement. [Obs.] +AsOsert6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Asserted; p. pr. & vb. n. +Asserting.] [L. assertus, p. p. of asserere to join or +fasten to one's self, claim, maintain; ad + serere to join +or bind together. See Series.] 1. To affirm; to declare with +assurance, or plainly and strongly; to state positively; to +aver; to asseverate. +Nothing is more shameful... than to assert anything to be +done without a cause. +Ray. +2. To maintain; to defend. [Obs. or Archaic] +That... I may assert Eternal Providence, +And justify the ways of God to men. +Milton. +I will assert it from the scandal. +Jer. Taylor. +3. To maintain or defend, as a cause or a claim, by words or +measures; to vindicate a claim or title to; as, to assert +our rights and liberties. +To ~ one's self, to claim or vindicate one's rights or +position; to demand recognition. +Syn. - To affirm; aver; asseverate; maintain; protest; +pronounce; declare; vindicate. P To Assert, Affirm, +Maintain, Vindicate. To assert is to fasten to one's self, +and hence to claim. It is, therefore, adversative in its +nature. We assert our rights and privileges, or the cause of +tree institutions, as against opposition or denial. To +affirm is to declare as true. We assert boldly; we affirm +positively. To maintain is to uphold, and insist upon with +earnestness, whatever we have once asserted; as, to maintain +one's cause, to maintain an argument, to maintain the +ground we have taken. To vindicate is to use language and +measures of the strongest kind, in defense of ourselves and +those for whom we act. We maintain our assertions by +adducing proofs, facts, or arguments; we are ready to +vindicate our rights or interests by the utmost exertion of +our powers. +AsOsert6er (?), n. One who asserts; one who avers pr +maintains; an assertor. +The inflexible asserter of the rights of the church. +Milman. +AsOser6tion (?), n. [L. assertio, fr. asserere.] 1. The act +of asserting, or that which is asserted; positive +declaration or averment; affirmation; statement asserted; +position advanced. +There is a difference between assertion and demonstration. +Macaulay. +2. Maintenance; vindication; as, the assertion of one's +rights or prerogatives. +AsOsert6ive (?), a. Positive; affirming confidently; +affirmative; peremptory. +In a confident and assertive form. +Glanvill. +P AsOsert6iveOly, adv. P AsOsert6iveOness, n. +AsOsert6or (?), n. [L., fr. asserere.] One who asserts or +avers; one who maintains or vindicates a claim or a right; +an affirmer, supporter, or vindicator; a defender; an +asserter. +The assertors of liberty said not a word. +Macaulay. +Faithful assertor of thy country's cause. +Prior. +As7serOto6riOal (?), a. Asserting that a thing is; P opposed +to problematical and apodeictical. +AsOsert6oOry (?), a. [L. assertorius, fr. asserere.] +Affirming; maintaining. +Arguments... assertory, not probatory. +Jer. Taylor. +An assertory, not a promissory, declaration. +Bentham. +A proposition is assertory, when it enounces what is known +as actual. +Sir W. Hamilton. +AsOsess6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assessed (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Assessing.] [OF. assesser to regulate, settle, LL. +assessare to value for taxation, fr. L. assidere, supine as +if assessum, to sit by, esp. of judges in a court, in LL. to +assess, tax. Cf. Assize, v., Cess.] 1. To value; to make a +valuation or official estimate of for the purpose of +taxation. +2. To apportion a sum to be paid by (a person, a community, +or an estate), in the nature of a tax, fine, etc.; to impose +a tax upon (a person, an estate, or an income) according to +a rate or apportionment. +3. To determine and impose a tax or fine upon (a person, +community, estate, or income); to tax; as, the club assessed +each member twentyPfive cents. +4. To fix or determine the rate or amount of. +This sum is assessed and raised upon individuals by +commissioners in the act. +Blackstone. +AsOsess6aOble (?), a. Liable to be assessed or taxed; as, +assessable property. +As7sessOee6 (?), n. One who is assessed. +AsOses6sion (?), n. [L. assessio, fr. assid?re to sit by or +near; ad + sed?re to sit. See Sit.] A sitting beside or +near. +AsOsess6ment (?), n. [LL. assessamentum.] 1. The act of +assessing; the act of determining an amount to be paid; as, +an assessment of damages, or of taxes; an assessment of the +members of a club. +2. A valuation of property or profits of business, for the +purpose of taxation; such valuation and an adjudging of the +proper sum to be levied on the property; as, an assessment +of property or an assessment on property. +5 An assessment is a valuation made by authorized persons +according to their discretion, as opposed to a sum certain +or determined by law. It is a valuation of the property of +those who are to pay the tax, for the purpose of fixing the +proportion which each man shall pay. +Blackstone. Burrill. +3. The specific sum levied or assessed. +4. An apportionment of a subscription for stock into +successive installments; also, one of these installments (in +England termed a =call8). [U. S.] +AsOsess6or , n. [L., one who sits beside, the assistant of a +judge, fr. assid?re. See Assession. LL., one who arranges of +determines the taxes, fr. assid?re. See Assess, v., and cf. +Cessor.] 1. One appointed or elected to assist a judge or +magistrate with his special knowledge of the subject to be +decided; as legal assessors, nautical assessors. +Mozley & W. +2. One who sits by another, as next in dignity, or as an +assistant and adviser; an associate in office. +Whence to his Son, +The assessor of his throne, he thus began. +Milton. +With his ignorance, his inclinations, and his fancy, as his +assessors in judgment. +I. Taylor. +3. One appointed to assess persons or property for the +purpose of taxation. +Bouvier. +As7sesOso6riOal (?), a. [Cf. F. assessorial, fr. L. +assessor.] Of or pertaining to an assessor, or to a court of +assessors. +Coxe. +AsOsess6orOship (?), n. The office or function of an +assessor. +As6set (?), n. Any article or separable part of one's +assets. +As6sets (?), n. pl. [OF. asez enough, F. assez, fr. L. ad + +satis, akin to Gr. ? enough, Goth. saps full. Cf. Assai, +Satisfy.] 1. (Law) (a) Property of a deceased person, +subject by law to the payment of his debts and legacies; P +called assets because sufficient to render the executor or +administrator liable to the creditors and legatees, so far +as such goods or estate may extend. Story. Blackstone. (b) +Effects of an insolvent debtor or bankrupt, applicable to +the payment of debts. +2. The entire property of all sorts, belonging to a person, +a corporation, or an estate; as, the assets of a merchant or +a trading association; P opposed to liabilities. +5 In balancing accounts the assets are put on the Cr. side +and the debts on the Dr. side. +AsOsev6er (?), v. t. [Cf. OF. asseverer, fr. L. asseverare.] +See Asseverate. [Archaic] +AsOsev6erOate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Asseverated (?); p. +pr. & vb. n. Asseverating (?).] [L. asseveratus, p. p. of +asseverare to assert seriously or earnestly; ad + severus. +See Severe.] To affirm or aver positively, or with +solemnity. +Syn. - To affirm; aver; protest; declare. See Affirm. +AsOsev7erOa6tion (?), n. [L. asseveratio.] The act of +asseverating, or that which is asseverated; positive +affirmation or assertion; solemn declaration. +Another abuse of the tongue I might add, P vehement +asseverations upon slight and trivial occasions. +Ray. +AsOsev6erOaOtive , a. Characterized by asseveration; +asserting positively. +AsOsev6erOaOtoOry , a. Asseverative. +AsOsib6iOlate , v. t. [L. assibilatus, p. p. of assibilare +to hiss out; ad + sibilare to hiss.] To make sibilant; to +change to a sibilant. +J. Peile. +AsOsib7iOla6tion , n. Change of a nonPsibilant letter to a +sibilant, as of Otion to Oshun, duke to ditch. +As7siOde6an , n. [Heb. kh>sad to be pious.] One of a body of +devoted Jews who opposed the Hellenistic Jews, and supported +the Asmoneans. +As6siOdent (?), a. [L. assidens, p. pr. of assid?re to sit +by: cf. F. assident. See Assession.] (Med.) Usually +attending a disease, but not always; as, assident signs, or +symptoms. +AsOsid6uOate (?), a. [L. assiduatus, p. p. of assiduare to +use assiduously.] Unremitting; assiduous. [Obs.] =Assiduate +labor.8 +Fabyan. +As7siOdu6iOty (?), n.; pl. Assiduities (?). [L. assiduitas: +cf. F. assiduite. See Assiduous.] 1. Constant or close +application or attention, particularly to some business or +enterprise; diligence. +I have, with much pains and assiduity, qualified myself for +a nomenclator. +Addison. +2. Studied and persevering attention to a person; P usually +in the plural. +AsOsid6uOous (?), a. [L. assiduus, fr. assid?re to sit near +or close; ad + sed?re to sit. See Sit.] 1. Constant in +application or attention; devoted; attentive; unremitting. +She grows more assiduous in her attendance. +Addison. +2. Performed with constant diligence or attention; +unremitting; persistent; as, assiduous labor. +To weary him with my assiduous cries. +Milton. +Syn. - Diligent; attentive; sedulous; unwearied; +unintermitted; persevering; laborious; indefatigable. +P AsOsid6uOousOly, adv. P AsOsid6uOousOness, n. +AsOsiege6 (?), v. t. [OE. asegen, OF. asegier, F. assiger, +fr. LL. assediare, assidiare, to besiege. See Siege.] [Obs.] +=Assieged castles.8 +Spenser. +AsOsiege6, n. A siege. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +As7siOen6tist , n. [Cf. F. assientiste, Sp. asentista.] A +shareholder of the Assiento company; one of the parties to +the Assiento contract. +Bancroft. +X As7siOen6to (?), n. [Sp. asiento seat, contract or +agreement, fr. asentar to place on a chair, to adjust, to +make an agreement; a (L. ad) + sentar, a participial verb; +as if there were a L. sedentare to cause to sit, fr. sedens, +sedentis, p. pr. of sed?re to sit.] A contract or convention +between Spain and other powers for furnishing negro slaves +for the Spanish dominions in America, esp. the contract made +with Great Britain in 1713. +AsOsign6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assigned (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Assigning.] [OE. assignen, asignen, F. assigner, fr. L. +assignare; ad + signare to mark, mark out, designate, signum +mark, sign. See Sign.] 1. To appoint; to allot; to +apportion; to make over. +In the order I assign to them. +Loudon. +The man who could feel thus was worthy of a better station +than that in which his lot had been assigned. +Southey. +He assigned to his men their several posts. +Prescott. +2. To fix, specify, select, or designate; to point out +authoritatively or exactly; as, to assign a limit; to assign +counsel for a prisoner; to assign a day for trial. +All as the dwarf the way to her assigned. +Spenser. +It is not easy to assign a period more eventful. +De Quincey. +3. (Law) To transfer, or make over to another, esp. to +transfer to, and vest in, certain persons, called assignees, +for the benefit of creditors. +To ~ dower, to set out by metes and bounds the widow's share +or portion in an estate. +Kent. +AsOsign6, n. [From Assign, v.] A thing pertaining or +belonging to something else; an appurtenance. [Obs.] +Six French rapiers and poniards, with their assigns, as +girdles, hangers, and so. +Shak. +AsOsign6, n. [See Assignee.] (Law) A person to whom property +or an interest is transferred; as, a deed to a man and his +heirs and assigns. +AsOsign7aObil6iOty (?), n. The quality of being assignable. +AsOsign6aOble (?), a. Capable of being assigned, allotted, +specified, or designated; as, an assignable note or bill; an +assignable reason; an assignable quantity. +X As7si7gnat6 (?; 277), n. [F. assignat, fr. L. assignatus, +p. p. of assignare.] One of the notes, bills, or bonds, +issued as currency by the revolutionary government of France +(1790P1796), and based on the security of the lands of the +church and of nobles which had been appropriated by the +state. +As7sigOna6tion (?), n. [L. assignatio, fr. assignare: cf. F. +assignation.] 1. The act of assigning or allotting; +apportionment. +This order being taken in the senate, as touching the +appointment and assignation of those provinces. +Holland. +2. An appointment of time and place for meeting or +interview; P used chiefly of love interviews, and now +commonly in a bad sense. +While nymphs take treats, or assignations give. +Pope. +3. A making over by transfer of title; assignment. +House of ~, a house in which appointments for sexual +intercourse are fulfilled. +As7signOee6 , n. [F. assign, p. p. of assigner. See Assign, +v., and cf. Assign an ~.] (Law) (a) A person to whom an +assignment is made; a person appointed or deputed by another +to do some act, perform some business, or enjoy some right, +privilege, or property; as, an assignee of a bankrupt. See +Assignment (c). An ~ may be by special appointment or deed, +or be created by jaw; as an executor. Cowell. Blount. (b) +pl. In England, the persons appointed, under a commission +of bankruptcy, to manage the estate of a bankrupt for the +benefit of his creditors. + + <-- p. 92 --> + +AsOsign6er (?), n. One who assigns, appoints, allots, or +apportions. +AsOsign6ment (?), n. [LL. assignamentum: cf. OF. +assenement.] 1. An allotting or an appointment to a +particular person or use; or for a particular time, as of a +cause or causes in court. +2. (Law) (a) A transfer of title or interest by writing, as +of lease, bond, note, or bill of exchange; a transfer of the +whole of some particular estate or interest in lands. (b) +The writing by which an interest is transferred. (c) The +transfer of the property of a bankrupt to certain persons +called assignees, in whom it is vested for the benefit of +creditors. +w of dower, the setting out by metes and bounds of the +widow's thirds or portion in the deceased husband's estate, +and allotting it to her. +5 Assignment is also used in law as convertible with +specification; assignment of error in proceedings for review +being specification of error; and assignment of perjury or +fraud in indictment being specifications of perjury or +fraud. +As7signOor6 (?), n. [L. assignator. Cf. Assigner.] (Law) An +assigner; a person who assigns or transfers an interest; as, +the assignor of a debt or other chose in action. +AsOsim7iOlaObil6iOty (?), n. The quality of being +assimilable. [R.] +Coleridge. +AsOsim6iOlaOble (?), a. That may be assimilated; that may be +likened, or appropriated and incorporated. +AsOsim6iOlate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assimilated (?); p. +pr. & vb. n. Assimilating (?).] [L. assimilatus, p. p. of +assimilare; ad + similare to make like, similis like. See +Similar, Assemble, Assimilate.] 1. To bring to a likeness or +to conformity; to cause a resemblance between. +Sir M. Hale. +To assimilate our law to the law of Scotland. +John Bright. +Fast falls a fleecy; the downy flakes +Assimilate all objects. +Cowper. +2. To liken; to compa?e. [R.] +3. To appropriate and transform or incorporate into the +substance of the assimilating body; to absorb or +appropriate, as nourishment; as, food is assimilated and +converted into organic tissue. +Hence also animals and vegetables may assimilate their +nourishment. +Sir I. Newton. +His mind had no power to assimilate the lessons. +Merivale. +AsOsim6iOlate, v. i. 1. To become similar or like something +else. [R.] +2. To change and appropriate nourishment so as to make it a +part of the substance of the assimilating body. +Aliment easily assimilated or turned into blood. +Arbuthnot. +3. To be converted into the substance of the assimilating +body; to become incorporated; as, some kinds of food +assimilate more readily than others. +I am a foreign material, and cannot assimilate with the +church of England. +J. H. Newman. +AsOsim7iOla6tion (?), n. [L. assimilatio: cf. F. +assimilation.] 1. The act or process of assimilating or +bringing to a resemblance, likeness, or identity; also, the +state of being so assimilated; as, the assimilation of one +sound to another. +To aspire to an assimilation with God. +Dr. H. More. +The assimilation of gases and vapors. +Sir J. Herschel. +2. (Physiol.) The conversion of nutriment into the fluid or +solid substance of the body, by the processes of digestion +and absorption, whether in plants or animals. +Not conversing the body, not repairing it by assimilation, +but preserving it by ventilation. +Sir T. Browne. +5 The term assimilation has been limited by some to the +final process by which the nutritive matter of the blood is +converted into the substance of the tissues and organs. +AsOsim6iOlaOtive (?), a. [Cf. LL. assimilativus, F. +assimilatif.] Tending to, or characterized by, assimilation; +that assimilates or causes assimilation; as, an assimilative +process or substance. +AsOsim6iOlaOtoOry (?), a. Tending to assimilate, or produce +assimilation; as, assimilatory organs. +AsOsim6uOlate (?), v. t. [L. assimulatus, p. p. of +assimulare, equiv. to assimilare. See Assimilate, v. t.] 1. +To feign; to counterfeit; to simulate; to resemble. [Obs.] +Blount. +2. To assimilate. [Obs.] +Sir M. Hale. +AsOsim7uOla6tion (?), n. [L. assimulatio, equiv. to +assimilatio.] Assimilation. [Obs.] +Bacon. +As7siOne6go (?), n. See Asinego. +Ass6ish (?), a. Resembling an ass; asinine; stupid or +obstinate. +Such... appear to be of the assich kind... +Udall. +AsOsist6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assisted; p. pr. & vb. n. +Assisting.] [L. assistere; ad + sistere to cause to stand, +to stand, from stare to stand: cf. F. assister. See Stand.] +To give support to in some undertaking or effort, or in time +of distress; to help; to aid; to succor. +Assist me, knight. I am undone! +Shak. +Syn. - To help; aid; second; back; support; relieve; succor; +befriend; sustain; favor. See Help. +AsOsist6, v. i. 1. To lend aid; to help. +With God not parted from him, as was feared, +But favoring and assisting to the end. +Milton. +2. To be present as a spectator; as, to assist at a public +meeting. [A Gallicism] +Gibbon. Prescott. +AsOsist6ance (?), n. [Cf. F. assistance.] 1. The act of +assisting; help; aid; furtherance; succor; support. +Without the assistance of a mortal hand. +Shak. +2. An assistant or helper; a body of helpers. [Obs.] +Wat Tyler [was] killed by valiant Walworth, the lord mayor +of London, and his assistance,... John Cavendish. +Fuller. +3. Persons present. [ Obs. or a Gallicism] +AsOsist6ant (?), a. [Cf. F. assistant, p. pr. of assister.] +1. Helping; lending aid or support; auxiliary. +Genius and learning... are mutually and greatly assistant to +each other. +Beattie. +2. (Mil.) Of the second grade in the staff of the army; as, +an assistant surgeon. [U.S.] +5 In the English army it designates the third grade in any +particular branch of the staff. +Farrow. +AsOsist6ant (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, assists; a +helper; an auxiliary; a means of help. +Four assistants who his labor share. +Pope. +Rhymes merely as assistants to memory. +Mrs. Chapone. +2. An attendant; one who is present. +Dryden. +AsOsist6antOly, adv. In a manner to give aid. [R.] +AsOsist6er , n. An assistant; a helper. +AsOsist6ful (?), a. Helpful. +AsOsist6ive (?), a. Lending aid, helping. +AsOsist6less, a. Without aid or help. [R.] +Pope. +AsOsist6or (?), n. (Law) A assister. +AsOsith6ment (?), n. See Assythment. [Obs.] +AsOsize6 (?), n. [OE. assise, asise, OF. assise, F. assises, +assembly of judges, the decree pronounced by them, tax, +impost, fr. assis, assise, p. p. of asseoir, fr. L. assid?re +to sit by; ad + sed?re to sit. See Sit, Size, and cf. +Excise, Assess.] 1. An assembly of knights and other +substantial men, with a bailiff or justice, in a certain +place and at a certain time, for public business. [Obs.] +2. (Law) (a) A special kind of jury or inquest. (b) A kind +of writ or real action. (c) A verdict or finding of a jury +upon such writ. (d) A statute or ordinance in general. +Specifically: (1) A statute regulating the weight, measure, +and proportions of ingredients and the price of articles +sold in the market; as, the assize of bread and other +provisions; (2) A statute fixing the standard of weights and +measures. (e) Anything fixed or reduced to a certainty in +point of time, number, quantity, quality, weight, measure, +etc.; as, rent of assize. Glanvill. Spelman. Cowell. +Blackstone. Tomlins. Burrill. [This term is not now used in +England in the sense of a writ or real action, and seldom of +a jury of any kind, but in Scotch practice it is still +technically applied to the jury in criminal cases. Stephen. +Burrill. Erskine.] (f) A court, the sitting or session of a +court, for the trial of processes, whether civil or +criminal, by a judge and jury. Blackstone. Wharton. Encyc. +Brit. (g) The periodical sessions of the judges of the +superior courts in every county of England for the purpose +of administering justice in the trial and determination of +civil and criminal cases; P usually in the plural. Brande. +Wharton. Craig. Burrill. (h) The time or place of holding +the court of ~; P generally in the plural, assizes. +3. Measure; dimension; size. [In this sense now corrupted +into size.] +An hundred cubits high by just assize. +Spenser. +[Formerly written, as in French, assise.] +AsOsize6, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. +Assizing.] [From Assize, n.: cf. LL. assisare to decree in +~. Cf. Asses, v.] 1. To assess; to value; to rate. [Obs.] +Gower. +2. To fix the weight, measure, or price of, by an ordinance +or regulation of authority. [Obs.] +AsOsiz6er (?), n. An officer who has the care or inspection +of weights and measures, etc. +AsOsiz6or (?), n. (Scots Law) A juror. +AsOso6ber (?), v. t. [Pref. adO + sober. Cf. Ensober.] To +make or keep sober. [Obs.] +Gower. +AsOso7ciaObil6iOty (?), n. The quality of being associable, +or capable of association; associableness. =The +associability of feelings.8 +H. Spencer. +AsOso6ciaOble (?), a. [See Associate.] 1.Capable of being +associated or joined. +We know feelings to be associable only by the proved ability +of one to revive another. +H. Spencer. +2. Sociable; companionable. [Obs.] +3. (Med.) Liable to be affected by sympathy with other +parts; P said of organs, nerves, muscles, etc. +The stomach, the most associable of all the organs of the +animal body. +Med. Rep. +AsOso6ciaObleOness, n. Associability. +AsOso6ciOate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Associated (?); p. pr. +& vb. n. Associating (?).] [L. associatus, p. p. of +associare; ad + sociare to join or unite, socius companion. +See Social.] 1. To join with one, as a friend, companion, +partner, or confederate; as, to associate others with ?s in +business, or in an enterprise. +2. To join or connect; to combine in acting; as, particles +of gold associated with other substances. +3. To connect or place together in thought. +He succeeded in associating his name inseparably with some +names which will last an long as our language. +Macaulay. +4. To accompany; to keep company with. [Obs.] +Friends should associate friends in grief and woe. +Shak. +AsOso6ciOate, v. i. 1. To unite in company; to keep company, +implying intimacy; as, congenial minds are disposed to +associate. +2. To unite in action, or to be affected by the action of a +different part of the body. +E. Darwin. +AsOso6ciOate (?), a. [L. associatus, p. p.] 1. Closely +connected or joined with some other, as in interest, +purpose, employment, or office; sharing responsibility or +authority; as, an associate judge. +While I descend... to my associate powers. +Milton. +2. Admitted to some, but not to all, rights and privileges; +as, an associate member. +3. (Physiol.) Connected by habit or sympathy; as, associate +motions, such as occur sympathetically, in consequence of +preceding motions. +E. Darwin. +AsOso6ciOate, n. 1. A companion; one frequently in company +with another, implying intimacy or equality; a mate; a +fellow. +2. A partner in interest, as in business; or a confederate +in a league. +3. One connected with an association or institution without +the full rights or privileges of a regular member; as, an +associate of the Royal Academy. +4. Anything closely or usually connected with another; an +concomitant. +The one [idea] no sooner comes into the understanding, than +its associate appears with it. +Locke. +Syn. - Companion; mate; fellow; friend; ally; partner; +coadjutor; comrade; accomplice. +AsOso6ciOa7ted (?), a. Joined as a companion; brought into +association; accompanying; combined. +w movements (Physiol.), consensual movements which accompany +voluntary efforts without our consciousness. +Dunglison. +AsOso6ciOateOship (?), n. The state of an associate, as in +Academy or an office. +AsOso7ciOa6tion (?; 277), n. [Cf. F. association, LL. +associatio, fr. L. associare.] 1. The act of associating, or +state of being associated; union; connection, whether of +persons of things. =Some... bond of association.8 +Hooker. +SelfPdenial is a kind of holy association with God. +Boyle. +2. Mental connection, or that which is mentally linked or +associated with a thing. +Words... must owe their powers association. +Johnson. +Why should... the holiest words, with all their venerable +associations, be profaned? +Coleridge. +3. Union of persons in a company or society for some +particular purpose; as, the American Association for the +Advancement of Science; a benevolent association. +Specifically, as among the Congregationalists, a society, +consisting of a number of ministers, generally the pastors +of neighboring churches, united for promoting the interests +of religion and the harmony of the churches. +w of ideas (Physiol.), the combination or connection of +states of mind or their objects with one another, as the +result of which one is said to be revived or represented by +means of the other. The relations according to which they +are thus connected or revived are called the law of +association. Prominent among them are reckoned the relations +of time and place, and of cause and effect. +Porter. +AsOso7ciOa6tionOal (?), a. 1. Of or pertaining to +association, or to an association. +2. Pertaining to the theory held by the associationists. +AsOso7ciOa6tionOism (?), n. (Philos.) The doctrine or theory +held by associationists. +AsOso7ciOa6tionOist, n. (Philos.) One who explains the +higher functions and relations of the soul by the +association of ideas; e. g., Hartley, J. C. Mill. +AsOso6ciOaOtive (?), a.Having the quality of associating; +tending or leading to association; as, the associative +faculty. +Hugh Miller. +AsOso6ciOa7tor (?), n. An associate; a confederate or +partner in any scheme. +How Pennsylvania's air agrees with Quakers, +And Carolina's with associators. +Dryden. +AsOsoil6 (?), v. t. [OF. assoiler, absoiler, assoldre, F. +absoudre, L. absolvere. See Absolve.] 1. To set free; to +release. [Archaic] +Till from her hands the spright assoiled is. +Spenser. +2. To solve; to clear up. [Obs.] +Any child might soon be able to assoil this riddle. +Bp. Jewel. +3. To set free from guilt; to absolve. [Archaic] +Acquitted and assoiled from the guilt. +Dr. H. More. +Many persons think themselves fairly assoiled, because they +are... not of scandalous lives. +Jer. Taylor. +4. To expiate; to atone for. [Archaic] +Spenser. +Let each act assoil a fault. +E. Arnold. +5. To remove; to put off. [Obs.] +She soundly slept, and careful thoughts did quite assoil. +Spenser. +AsOsoil6, v. t. [Pref. adO + soil.] To soil; to stain. [Obs. +or Poet.] +Beau. & Fl. +Ne'er assoil my cobwebbed shield. +Wordsworth. +AsOsoil6ment (?), n. Act of assoiling, or state of being +assoiled; absolution; acquittal. +AsOsoil6ment, n. A soiling; defilement. +AsOsoil6zie (?), AsOsoil6yie, v. t. [Old form assoi?e. See +Assoil.] (scots Law) To absolve; to acquit by sentence of +court. +God assoilzie him for the sin of bloodshed. +Sir W. Scott. +As6soOnance (?), n. [Cf. F. assonance. See Assonant.] 1. +Resemblance of sound. =The disagreeable assonance of +?sheath' and ?sheated.'8 +Steevens. +2. (Pros.) A peculiar species of rhyme, in which the last +accented vowel and those which follow it in one word +correspond in sound with the vowels of another word, while +the consonants of the two words are unlike in sound; as, +calamo and platano, baby and chary. +The assonance is peculiar to the Spaniard. +Hallam. +3. Incomplete correspondence. +Assonance between facts seemingly remote. +Lowell. +As6soOnant (?), a. [L. assonans, p. pr. of assonare to sound +to, to correspond to in sound; ad + sonare to sound, sonus +sound: cf. F. assonant. See Sound.] 1.Having a resemblance +of sounds. +2. (Pros.) Pertaining to the peculiar species of rhyme +called assonance; not consonant. +As7soOnan6tal (?), a. Assonant. +As6soOnate (?), v. i. [L. assonare, assonatum, to respond +to.] To correspond in sound. +AsOsort6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assorted; p. pr. & vb. n. +Assorting.] [F. assortir; ? (L. ad) + sortir to cast or draw +lots, to obtain by lot, L. sortiri, fr. sors, sortis, lot. +See Sort.] 1. To separate and distribute into classes, as +things of a like kind, nature, or quality, or which are +suited to a like purpose; to classify; as, to assort goods. +[Rarely applied to persons.] +They appear... no ways assorted to those with whom they must +associate. +Burke. +2. To furnish with, or make up of, various sorts or a +variety of goods; as, to assort a cargo. +AsOsort6, v. i. To agree; to be in accordance; to be +adapted; to suit; to fall into a class or place. +Mitford. + + <-- p. 93 --> + +AsOsort6ed (?), a. Selected; culled. +AsOsort6ment (?), n. [Cf. F. assortiment.] 1. Act of +assorting, or distributing into sorts, kinds, or classes. +2. A collection or quantity of things distributed into kinds +or sorts; a number of things assorted. +3. A collection containing a variety of sorts or kinds +adapted to various wants, demands, or purposes; as, an +assortment of goods. +AsOsot6 (?), v. t. [OF. asoter, F. assoter; ? (L. ad) + sot +stupid. See Sot.] To besot; to befool; to beguile; to +infatuate. [Obs.] +Some ecstasy assotted had his sense. +Spenser. +AsOsot6, a. Dazed; foolish; infatuated. [Obs.] +Willie, I ween thou be assot. +Spenser. +AsOsuage6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assuaged ; p. pr. & vb. +n. Assuaging (?).] [OE. asuagen, aswagen, OF. asoagier, +asuagier, fr. assouagier, fr. L. ad + suavis sweet. See +Sweet.] To soften, in a figurative sense; to allay, +mitigate, ease, or lessen, as heat, pain, or grief; to +appease or pacify, as passion or tumult; to satisfy, as +appetite or desire. +Refreshing winds the summer's heat assuage. +Addison. +To assuage the sorrows of a desolate old man +Burke. +The fount at which the panting mind assuages +Her thirst of knowledge. +Byron. +Syn. - To alleviate; mitigate; appease; soothe; calm; +tranquilize; relieve. See Alleviate. +AsOsuage6, v. i. To abate or subside. [Archaic] =The waters +assuaged.8 +Gen. vii. 1. +The plague being come to a crisis, its fury began to +assuage. +De Foe. +AsOsuage6ment (?), n. [OF. assouagement, asuagement.] +Mitigation; abatement. +AsOsua6ger (?), n. One who, or that which, assuages. +AsOsua6sive (?), a. [From assuage, as if this were fr. a +supposed L. assuadere to persuade to; or from E. pref. ad + +Osuasive as in persuasive.] Mitigating; tranquilizing; +soothing. [R.] +Music her soft assuasive voice applies. +Pope. +AsOsub6juOgate (?), v. t. [Pref. adO + subjugate.] To bring +into subjection. [Obs.] +Shak. +As7sueOfac6tion (?), n. [L. assuefacere to accustom to; +assuetus (p. p. of assuescere to accustom to) + facere to +make; cf. OF. assuefaction.] The act of accustoming, or the +state of being accustomed; habituation. [Obs.] +Custom and studies efform the soul like wax, and by +assuefaction introduce a nature. +Jer. Taylor. +As6sueOtude (?), n. [L. assuetudo, fr. assuetus accustomed.] +Accustomedness; habit; habitual use. +Assuetude of things hurtful doth make them lose their force +to hurt. +Bacon. +AsOsum6aOble (?), a. That may be assumed. +AsOsum6aObly, adv. By way of assumption. +AsOsume6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assumed (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Assuming.] [L. assumere; ad + sumere to take; sub + emere +to take, buy: cf. F. assumer. See Redeem.] 1. To take to or +upon one's self; to take formally and demonstratively; +sometimes, to appropriate or take unjustly. +Trembling they stand while Jove assumes the throne. +Pope. +The god assumed his native form again. +Pope. +2. To take for granted, or without proof; to suppose as a +fact; to suppose or take arbitrarily or tentatively. +The consequences of assumed principles. +Whewell. +3. To pretend to possess; to take in appearance. +Ambition assuming the mask of religion. +Porteus. +Assume a virtue, if you have it not. +Shak. +4. To receive or adopt. +The sixth was a young knight of lesser renown and lower +rank, assumed into that honorable company. +Sir W. Scott. +Syn. - To arrogate; usurp; appropriate. +AsOsume6, v. i. 1. To be arrogant or pretentious; to claim +more than is due. +Bp. Burnet. +2. (Law) To undertake, as by a promise. +Burrill. +AsOsumed6 (?), a. 1. Supposed. +2. Pretended; hypocritical; makePbelieve; as, an assumed +character. +AsOsum6edOly (?), adv. By assumption. +AsOsum6ent (?), n. [L. assumentum, fr. ad + suere to sew.] A +patch; an addition; a piece put on. [Obs.] +John Lewis (1731). +AsOsum6er (?), n. One who assumes, arrogates, pretends, or +supposes. +W. D. Whitney. +AsOsum6ing, a. Pretentious; taking much upon one's self; +presumptuous. +Burke. +X AsOsump6sit (?; 215), n. [L., he undertook, pret. of L. +assumere. See Assume.] (Law) (a) A promise or undertaking, +founded on a consideration. This promise may be oral or in +writing not under seal. It may be express or implied. (b) An +action to recover damages for a breach or nonperformance of +a contract or promise, express or implied, oral or in +writing not under seal. Common or indebitatus assumpsit is +brought for the most part on an implied promise. Special +assumpsit is founded on an express promise or undertaking. +Wharton. +AsOsumpt6 (?; 215), v. t. [L. assumptus, p. p. of assumere. +See Assume.] To take up; to elevate; to assume. [Obs.] +Sheldon. +AsOsumpt6, n. [L. assumptum, p. p. neut. of assumere.] That +which is assumed; an assumption. [Obs.] +The sun of all your assumpts is this. +Chillingworth. +AsOsump6tion (?; 215), n. [OE. assumpcioun a taking up into +heaven, L. assumptio a taking, fr. assumere: cf. F. +assomption. See Assume.] 1. The act of assuming, or taking +to or upon one's self; the act of taking up or adopting. +The assumption of authority. +Whewell. +2. The act of taking for granted, or supposing a thing +without proof; supposition; unwarrantable claim. +This gives no sanction to the unwarrantable assumption that +the soul sleeps from the period of death to the resurrection +of the body. +Thodey. +That calm assumption of the virtues. +W. Black. +3. The thing supposed; a postulate, or proposition assumed; +a supposition. +Hold! says the Stoic; your assumption's wrong. +Dryden. +4. (Logic) The minor or second proposition in a categorical +syllogism. +5. The taking of a person up into heaven. Hence: (Rom. Cath. +& Greek Churches) A festival in honor of the ascent of the +Virgin Mary into heaven. +AsOsump6tive (?), a. [L. assumptivus, fr. assumptus, fr. +assumere.] Assumed, or capable of being assumed; +characterized by assumption; making unwarranted claims. P +AsOsump6tiveOly, adv. +w arms (Her.), originally, arms which a person had a right +to assume, in consequence of an exploit; now, those assumed +without sanction of the Heralds' College. +Percy Smith. +AsOsur6ance (?), n. [OE. assuraunce, F. assurance, fr. +assurer. See Assure.] 1. The act of assuring; a declaration +tending to inspire full confidence; that which is designed +to give confidence. +Whereof he hath given assurance unto all men, in that he +hath raised him from the dead. +Acts xvii. 31. +Assurances of support came pouring in daily. +Macaulay. +2. The state of being assured; firm persuasion; full +confidence or trust; freedom from doubt; certainty. +Let us draw with a true heart in full assurance of faith, +having our hearts sprinkled from an evil conscience. +Heb. x. 22. +3. Firmness of mind; undoubting, steadiness; intrepidity; +courage; confidence; selfPreliance. +Brave men meet danger with assurance. +Knolles. +Conversation with the world will give them knowledge and +assurance. +Locke. +4. Excess of boldness; impudence; audacity; as, his +assurance is intolerable. +5. Betrothal; affiance. [Obs.] +Sir P. Sidney. +6. Insurance; a contract for the payment of a sum on +occasion of a certain event, as loss or death. +5 Recently, assurance has been used, in England, in relation +to life contingencies, and insurance in relation to other +contingencies. It is called temporary assurance, in the time +within which the contingent event must happen is limited. +See Insurance. +7. (Law) Any written or other legal evidence of the +conveyance of property; a conveyance; a deed. +5 In England, the legal evidences of the conveyance of +property are called the common assurances of the kingdom. +Blackstone. +AsOsure (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Assured (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Assuring.] [OF. aserer, F. assurer, LL. assecurare; L. +ad + securus secure, sure, certain. See Secure, Sure, and +cf. Insure.] 1. To make sure or certain; to render confident +by a promise, declaration, or other evidence. +His promise that thy seed shall bruise our foe... +Assures me that the bitterness of death +Is past, and we shall live. +Milton. +2. To declare to, solemnly; to assert to (any one) with the +design of inspiring belief or confidence. +I dare assure thee that no enemy +Shall ever take alive the noble Brutus. +Shak. +3. To confirm; to make certain or secure. +And it shall be assured to him. +Lev. xxvii. 19. +And hereby we know that we are of the truth, and shall +assure our hearts before him. +1 John iii. 19. +4. To affiance; to betroth. [Obs.] +Shak. +5. (Law) To insure; to covenant to indemnify for loss, or to +pay a specified sum at death. See Insure. +Syn. - To declare; aver; avouch; vouch; assert; asseverate; +protest; persuade; convince. +AsOsured6 (?), a. Made sure; safe; insured; certain; +indubitable; not doubting; bold to excess. +AsOsured6, n. One whose life or property is insured. +AsOsur6edOly (?), adv. Certainly; indubitably. =The siege +assuredly I'll raise.8 +Shak. +AsOsur6edOness, n. The state of being assured; certainty; +full confidence. +AsOsur6er (?), n. 1. One who assures. Specifically: One who +insures against loss; an insurer or underwriter. +2. One who takes out a life assurance policy. +AsOsur6genOcy (?), n. Act of rising. +The... assurgency of the spirit through the body. +Coleridge. +AsOsur6gent (?), a. [L. assurgens, p. pr. of assurgere; ad + +surgere to rise.] Ascending; (Bot.) rising obliquely; +curving upward. + Gray. +AsOsur6ing (?), a. That assures; tending to assure; giving +confidence. P AsOsur6ingOly, adv. +AsOswage6 , v. See Assuage. +AsOsyr6iOan (?), a. [L. Assyrius.] Of or pertaining to +Assyria, or to its inhabitants. P n. A native or an +inhabitant of Assyria; the language of Assyria. +AsOsyr7iOoOlog6icOal (?), a. Of or pertaining to +Assyriology; as, Assyriological studies. +AsOsyr7iOol6oOgist (?), n. One versed in Assyriology; a +student of Assyrian archology. +AsOsyr7iOol6oOgy (?), n. [Assyria + Ology.] The science or +study of the antiquities, language, etc., of ancient +Assyria. +AsOsyth6ment (?), n. [From OF. aset, asez, orig. meaning +enough. See Assets.] Indemnification for injury; +satisfaction. [Chiefly in Scots law] +X As6taOcus (?), n. [L. astacus a crab, Gr. ?.] (Zol.) A +genus of crustaceans, containing the crawfish of freshPwater +lobster of Europe, and allied species of western North +America. See Crawfish. +AOstar6board (?), adv. (Naut.) Over to the starboard side; P +said of the tiller. +AOstart6 (?), v. t. & i. Same as Astert. [Obs.] +X AsOtar6te (?), n. [Gr. ? a Ph?nician goddess.] (Zol.) A +genus of bivalve mollusks, common on the coasts of America +and Europe. +AOstate6 (?), n. Estate; state. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AOstat6ic (?), a. [Pref. aO not + static.] (Magnetism) +Having little or no tendency to take a fixed or definite +position or direction: thus, a suspended magnetic needle, +when rendered astatic, loses its polarity, or tendency to +point in a given direction. +w pair (Magnetism), a pair of magnetic needles so mounted as +to be nearly or quite ~, as in some galvanometers. +AOstat6icOalOly (?), adv. In an astatic manner. +AOstat6iOcism (?), n. The state of being astatic. +AOstay6 (?), adv. (Naut.) An anchor is said to be astay, in +heaving it, an acute angle is formed between the cable and +the surface of the water. +As6teOism (?), n. [Gr. ? refined and witty talk, fr. ? of +the town, polite, witty, fr. ? city: cf. F. astisme.] +(Rhet.) Genteel irony; a polite and ingenious manner of +deriding another. +As6tel (?), n. [OE. astelle piece of wood, OF. astele +splinter, shaving, F. attelle, astelle: cf. L. astula, dim. +of assis board.] (Mining) An arch, or ceiling, of boards, +placed over the men's heads in a mine. +As6ter (?), n. [L. aster aster, star, Gr. ? star. See Star.] +1. (Bot.) A genus of herbs with compound white or bluish +flowers; starwort; Michaelmas daisy. +2. (Floriculture) A plant of the genus Callistephus. Many +varieties (called China asters, German asters, etc.) are +cultivated for their handsome compound flowers. +X AsOte6riOas (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? starred, fr. ? star.] +(Zol.) A genus of echinoderms. +5 Formerly the group of this name included nearly all +starfishes and ophiurans. Now it is restricted to a genus +including the commonest shore starfishes. +AsOte6riOa7ted (?), a. [See Asterias.] Radiated, with +diverging rays; as, asteriated sapphire. +As7terOid6iOan (?), a. (Zol.) Of or pertaining to the +Asterioidea. P n. A starfish; one of the Asterioidea. +X AsOte7riOoid6eOa (?), X As7terOid6eOa (?), } n. pl. [NL., +fr. Gr. ? + Ooid. See Asterias.] (Zol.) A class of +Echinodermata including the true starfishes. The rays vary +in number and always have ambulacral grooves below. The body +is starshaped or pentagonal. +X AsOte6riOon (?), n. [Gr. ? starry.] (Anat.) The point on +the side of the skull where the lambdoid, parietoPmastoid +and occipitoPmastoid sutures. +X As7terOis6cus (?), n. [L., an asterisk. See Asterisk.] +(Anat.) The smaller of the two otoliths found in the inner +ear of many fishes. +As6terOisk (?), n. [L. asteriscus, Gr. ?, dim. of ? star. +See Aster.] The figure of a star, thus, ?, used in printing +and writing as a reference to a passage or note in the +margin, to supply the omission of letters or words, or to +mark a word or phrase as having a special character. +As7terOism (?), n. [Gr. ?, fr. ? star; cf. F. astrisme.] 1. +(Astron.) (a) A constellation. [Obs.] (b) A small cluster of +stars. +2. (Printing) (a) An asterisk, or mark of reference. [R.] +(b) Three asterisks placed in this manner, ???, to direct +attention to a particular passage. +3. (Crystallog.) An optical property of some crystals which +exhibit a starPshaped by reflected light, as star sapphire, +or by transmitted light, as some mica. +AOstern6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + stern.] (Naut.) 1. In or at +the hinder part of a ship; toward the hinder part, or stern; +backward; as, to go astern. +2. Behind a ship; in the rear. =A gale of wind right +astern.8 De Foe. =Left this strait astern.8 Drake. +To bake ~, to go stern foremost. P To be ~ of the reckoning, +to be behind the position given by the reckoning. P To drop +~, to fall or be left behind. P To go ~, to go backward, as +from the action of currents or winds. +AOster6nal (?), a. [Pref. aO not + sternal.] (Anat.) Not +sternal; P said of ribs which do not join the sternum. +As6terOoid (?), n. [Gr. ? starlike, starry; ? star + ? form: +cf. F. astro de. See Aster.] A starlike body; esp. one of +the numerous small planets whose orbits lie between those of +Mars and Jupiter; P called also planetoids and minor +planets. +As7terOoid6al (?), a. Of or pertaining to an asteroid, or to +the asteroids. +X As7teOrol6eOpis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? star + ? scale.] +(Paleon.) A genus of fishes, some of which were eighteen or +twenty feet long, found in a fossil state in the Old Red +Sandstone. +Hugh Miller. + + <-- p. 94 --> + +As7terOoph6ylOlite (?), n. [Gr. ? star + ? leaf.] (Paleon.) +A fossil plant from the coal formations of Europe and +America, now regarded as the branchlets and foliage of +calamites. +AOstert (?), v. t. [Pref. aO + start; OE. asterten, +asturten.] To start up; to befall; to escape; to shun. +[Obs.] +Spenser. +AOstert6, v. i. To escape. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +X As7theOni6a (?), As6theOny (?), } n. [NL. asthenia, Gr. ?; +? priv. + ? strength.] (Med.) Want or loss of strength; +debility; diminution of the vital forces. +AsOthen6ic (?), a. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? strength.] (Med.) +Characterized by, or pertaining to, debility; weak; +debilitating. +X As7theOno6piOa (?), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ? strength + ? eye.] +Weakness of sight. Quain. P As7theOnop6ic (?), a. +Asth6ma (?; 277), n. [Gr. ? shortPdrawn breath, fr. ? to +blow, for ?: cf. Skr. v>, Goth. waian, to blow, E. wind.] +(Med.) A disease, characterized by difficulty of breathing +(due to a spasmodic contraction of the bronchi), recurring +at intervals, accompanied with a wheezing sound, a sense of +constriction in the chest, a cough, and expectoration. +AsthOmat6ic (?), AsthOmat6icOal (?), } a. [L. asthmaticus, +Gr. ?.] Of or pertaining to asthma; as, an asthmatic cough; +liable to, or suffering from, asthma; as, an asthmatic +patient. P AsthOmat6icOalOly, adv. +AsthOmat6ic, n. A person affected with asthma. +As7tigOmat6ic (?), a. (Med. & Opt.) Affected with, or +pertaining to, astigmatism; as, astigmatic eyes; also, +remedying astigmatism; as, astigmatic lenses. +AOstig6maOtism (?), n. [Gr. ? priv. + ?, ?, a prick of a +pointed instrument, a spot, fr. ? to prick: cf. F. +astigmatisme.] (Med. & Opt.) A defect of the eye or of a +lens, in consequence of which the rays derived from one +point are not brought to a single focal point, thus causing +imperfect images or indistictness of vision. +5 The term is applied especially to the defect causing +images of lines having a certain direction to be indistinct, +or imperfectly seen, while those of lines transverse to the +former are distinct, or clearly seen. +AsOtip6uOlate (?), v. i. [L. astipulari; ad + stipulari to +stipulate.] To assent. [Obs.] +Bp. Hall. +AsOtip7uOla6tion (?), n. [L. astipulatio.] Stipulation; +agreement. [Obs.] +Bp. Hall. +AOstir6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + stir.] Stirring; in a +state of activity or motion; out of bed. +AOstom6aOtous (?), As6toOmous (?), } a. [Gr. ? priv. + ?, ?, +mouth.] Not possessing a mouth. +AsOton6 (?), AsOtone6 (?), } v. t. [imp. & p. p. Astoned, +Astond, or Astound.] [See Astonish.] To stun; to astonish; +to stupefy. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AsOton6ied (?), p. p. Stunned; astonished. See Astony. +[Archaic] +And I astonied fell and could not pray. +Mrs. Browning. +AsOton6ish (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Astonished (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Astonishing.] [OE. astonien, astunian, astonen, OF. +estoner, F. tonner, fr. L. ex out + tonare to thunder, but +perhaps influenced by E. stun. See Thunder, Astound, +Astony.] 1. To stun; to render senseless, as by a blow. +[Obs.] +Enough, captain; you have astonished him. [Fluellen had +struck Pistol.] +Shak. +The very crampPfish [i. e., torpedo]... being herself not +benumbed, is able to astonish others. +Holland. +2. To strike with sudden fear, terror, or wonder; to amaze; +to surprise greatly, as with something unaccountable; to +confound with some sudden emotion or passion. +Musidorus... had his wits astonished with sorrow. +Sidney. +I, Daniel... was astonished at the vision. +Dan. viii. 27. +Syn. - To amaze; astound; overwhelm; surprise. P Astonished, +Surprised. We are surprised at what is unexpected. We are +astonished at what is above or beyond our comprehension. We +are taken by surprise. We are struck with astonishment. C. +J. Smith. See Amaze. +AsOton6ishOedOly (?), adv. In an astonished manner. [R.] +Bp. Hall. +AsOton6ishOing, a. Very wonderful; of a nature to excite +astonishment; as, an astonishing event. +Syn. - Amazing; surprising; wonderful; marvelous. +P AsOton6ishOingOly, adv. P AsOton6ishOingOness, n. +AsOton6ishOment (?), n. [Cf. OF. est?nnement, F. +tonnement.] 1. The condition of one who is stunned. Hence: +Numbness; loss of sensation; stupor; loss of sense. [Obs.] +A coldness and astonishment in his loins, as folk say. +Holland. +2. Dismay; consternation. [Archaic] +Spenser. +3. The overpowering emotion excited when something +unaccountable, wonderful, or dreadful is presented to the +mind; an intense degree of surprise; amazement. +Lest the place +And my quaint habits breed astonishment. +Milton. +4. The object causing such an emotion. +Thou shalt become an astonishment. +Deut. xxviii. 37. +Syn. - Amazement; wonder; surprise. +AsOto6y (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Astonied (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Astonying. See Astone.] To stun; to bewilder; to +astonish; to dismay. [Archaic] +The captain of the Helots... strake Palladius upon the side +of his head, that he reeled astonied. +Sir P. Sidney. +This sodeyn cas this man astonied so, +That reed he wex, abayst, and al quaking. +Chaucer. +AOstoop6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + stoop.] In a stooping or +inclined position. +Gay. +AsOtound6 (?), a. [OE. astouned, astound, astoned, p. p. of +astone. See Astone.] Stunned; astounded; astonished. +[Archaic] +Spenser. +Thus Ellen, dizzy and astound. +As sudden ruin yawned around. +Sir W. Scott. +AsOtound6, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Astounded, Obs. Astound; p. +pr. & vb. n. Astounding.] [See Astound, a.] 1. To stun; to +stupefy. +No puissant stroke his senses once astound. +Fairfax. +2. To astonish; to strike with amazement; to confound with +wonder, surprise, or fear. +These thoughts may startle well, but not astound +The virtuous mind. +Milton. +AsOtound6ing, a. Of a nature to astound; astonishing; +amazing; as, an astounding force, statement, or fact. P +AsOfound6ingOly, adv. +AsOfound6ment (?), n. Amazement. +Coleridge. +As7traOchan6 (?), a. & n. See Astrakhan. +AOstrad6dle (?), adv. [Pref. aO + straddle.] In a straddling +position; astride; bestriding; as, to sit astraddle a horse. +AsOtr6an (?), a. [Gr. ? starry.] (Zol.) Pertaining to the +genus Astra or the family Astrid. P n. A coral of the +family Astrid; a star coral. +As6traOgal (?), n. [L. astragalus, Gr. ? the ankle bone, a +molding in the capital of the Ionic column.] 1. (Arch.) A +convex molding of rounded surface, generally from half to +three quarters of a circle. +2. (Gun.) A round molding encircling a cannon near the +mouth. +AsOtrag6aOlar (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the +astragalus. +AsOtrag6aOloid (?), a. [Astragalus + Ooid.] (Anat.) +Resembling the astragalus in form. +AsOtrag6aOloOman7cy (?), n. [Gr. ? ankle bone, die + +Omancy.] Divination by means of small bones or dice. +X AsOtrag6aOlus (?), n. [L. See Astragal.] 1. (Anat.) The +ankle bone, or hock bone; the bone of the tarsus which +articulates with the tibia at the ankle. +2. (Bot.) A genus of papilionaceous plants, of the tribe +Galege, containing numerous species, two of which are +called, in English, milk vetch and licorice vetch. Gum +tragacanth is obtained from different oriental species, +particularly the A. gummifer and A. verus. +3. (Arch.) See Astragal, 1. +As7traOkhan6 (?), a. Of or pertaining to w in Russia or its +products; made of an w skin. P n. The skin of stillborn or +young lambs of that region, the curled wool of which +resembles fur. +As6tral (?), a. [L. astralis, fr. astrum star, Gr. ?: cf. F. +astral. See Star.] Pertaining to, coming from, or +resembling, the stars; starry; starlike. +Shines only with an astral luster. +I. Taylor. +Some astral forms I must invoke by prayer. +Dryden. +w lamp, an Argand lamp so constructed that no shadow is cast +upon the table by the flattened ringPshaped reservoir in +which the oil is contained. P w spirits, spirits formerly +supposed to live in the heavenly bodies or the a rial +regions, and represented in the Middle Ages as fallen +angels, spirits of the dead, or spirits originating in fire. +AOstrand6 (?), adv. & a. [Pref. aO + strand.] Stranded. +Sir W. Scott. +AOstray6 (?), adv. & a. [See Estray, Stray.] Out of the +right, either in a literal or in a figurative sense; +wandering; as, to lead one astray. +Ye were as sheep going astray. +1 Pet. ii. 25. +AsOtrict6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Astricted;p. pr. & vb. +n. Astricting.] [L. astrictus, p. p. of astringere. See +Astringe.] 1. To bind up; to confine; to constrict; to +contract. +The solid parts were to be relaxed or astricted. +Arbuthnot. +2. To bind; to constrain; to restrict; to limit. [R.] +The mind is astricted to certain necessary modes or forms of +thought. +Sir W. Hamilton. +3. (Scots Law) To restrict the tenure of; as, to astrict +lands. See Astriction, 4. +Burrill. +AsOtrict6, a. Concise; contracted. [Obs.] +Weever. +AsOtric6tion (?), n. [L. astrictio.] 1. The act of binding; +restriction; also, obligation. +Milton. +2. (Med.) (a) A contraction of parts by applications; the +action of an astringent substance on the animal economy. +Dunglison. (b) Constipation. +Arbuthnot. +3. Astringency. [Obs.] +Bacon. +4. (Scots Law) An obligation to have the grain growing on +certain lands ground at a certain mill, the owner paying a +toll. +Bell. +5 The lands were said to be astricted to the mill. +AsOtric6tive (?), a. Binding; astringent. P n. An +astringent. P AsOtric6tiveOly, adv. +AsOtric6toOry (?), a. Astrictive. [R.] +AOstride6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + stride.] With one leg on +each side, as a man when on horseback; with the legs +stretched wide apart; astraddle. +Placed astride upon the bars of the palisade. +Sir W. Scott. +Glasses with horn bows sat astride on his nose. +Longfellow. +AsOtrif6erOous (?), a. [L. astrifer; astrum star + ferre to +bear.] Bearing stars. [R.] +Blount. +AsOtringe6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Astringed (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Astringing (?).] [L. astringere; ad + stringere to +draw tight. Cf. Astrict, and see Strain, v. t.] 1. To bind +fast; to constrict; to contract; to cause parts to draw +together; to compress. +Which contraction... astringeth the moistu?? ? br?? and +thereby sendeth tears into the eyes. +Bacon. +2. To bind by moral or legal obligation. +Wolsey. +AsOtrin6genOcy (?), n. The quality of being astringent; the +power of contracting the parts of the body; that quality in +medicines or other substances which causes contraction of +the organic textures; as, the astringency of tannin. +AsOtrin6gent (?), a. [L. astringens, p. pr. of astringere: +cf. F. astringent. See Astringe.] 1. Drawing together the +tissues; binding; contracting; P opposed to laxative; as, +astringent medicines; a butter and astringent taste; +astringent fruit. +2. Stern; austere; as, an astringent type of virtue. +AsOtrin6gent, n. A medicine or other substance that produces +contraction in the soft organic textures, and checks +discharges of blood, mucus, etc. +External astringents are called styptics. +Dunglison. +AsOtrin6gentOly, adv. In an astringent manner. +AsOtrin6ger (?),n. [OE. ostreger, OF. ostrucier, F. +autoursier, fr. OF. austour, ostor, hawk, F. autour; cf. L. +acceptor, for accipiter, hawk.] A falconer who keeps a +goschawk. [Obs.] Shak. Cowell. [Written also austringer.] +As6troO (?). The combining form of the Greek word ?, meaning +star. +As6troOfel, As6troOfell } (?), n. A bitter herb, probably +the same as aster, or starwort. +Spenser. +AsOtrog6eOny (?), n. [AstroO + Gr. ? birth.] The creation or +evolution of the stars or the heavens. +H. Spencer. +AsOtrog6noOsy (?), n. [AstroO + Gr. ? knowledge.] The +science or knowledge of the stars, esp. the fixed stars. +Bouvier. +AsOtrog6oOny (?), n. Same as Astrogeny. P As7OtroOgon6ic +(?), a. +AsOtrog6raOphy (?), n. [AstroO + Ography.] The art of +describing or delineating the stars; a description or +mapping of the heavens. +As6troOite (?), n. [L. astroites: cf. F. astroite.] A +radiated stone or fossil; starPstone. [Obs.] [Written also +astrite and astrion.] +As6troOlabe (?), n. [OE. astrolabie, astrilabe, OF. +astrelabe, F. astrolabe, LL. astrolabium, fr. Gr. ?; ? star ++ ?, ?, to take.] 1. (Astron.) An instrument for observing +or showing the positions of the stars. It is now disused. +5 Among the ancients, it was essentially the armillary +sphere. A graduated circle with sights, for taking altitudes +at sea, was called an astrolabe in the 18th century. It is +now superseded by the quadrant and sextant. +2. A stereographic projection of the sphere on the plane of +a great circle, as the equator, or a meridian; a +planisphere. +Whewell. +AsOtrol6aOter (?), n. A worshiper of the stars. +Morley. +AsOtrol6aOtry (?), n. [AstroO + Gr. ? service, worship: cf. +F. astroltrie.] The worship of the stars. +As7troOliOthol6oOgy (?), n. [AstroO + lithology.] The +science of a rolites. +AsOtrol6oOger (?), n. [See Astrology.] 1. One who studies +the stars; an astronomer. [Obs.] +2. One who practices astrology; one who professes to +foretell events by the aspects and situation of the stars. +As7troOlo6giOan (?), n. [OF. astrologien.] An astrologer. +[Obs.] +As7troOlog6ic (?), As7troOlog6icOal (?), } a. [Gr. ?.] Of or +pertaining to astrology; professing or practicing astrology. +=Astrologi? learning.8 Hudibras. =Astrological +prognostication.8 Cudworth. P As7troOlog6icOalOly, adv. +AsOtrol6oOgize (?), v. t. & i. To apply astrology to; to +study or practice astrology. +AsOtrol6oOgy (?), n. [F. astrologie, L. astrologia, fr. Gr. +?, fr. ? astronomer, astrologer; ? star + ? discourse, ? to +speak. See Star.] In its etymological signification, the +science of the stars; among the ancients, synonymous with +astronomy; subsequently, the art of judging of the +influences of the stars upon human affairs, and of +foretelling events by their position and aspects. +5 Astrology was much in vogue during the Middle Ages, and +became the parent of modern astronomy, as alchemy did of +chemistry. It was divided into two kinds: judicial +astrology, which assumed to foretell the fate and acts of +nations and individuals, and natural astrology, which +undertook to predict events of inanimate nature, such as +changes of the weather, etc. +As7troOman6tic (?), a. [Gr. ? astrology.] Of or pertaining +to divination by means of the stars; astrologic. [R.] +Dr. H. More. +As7troOme7teOorOol6oOgy (?), n. [AstroO + meteorology.] The +investigation of the relation between the sun, moon, and +stars, and the weather. P As7OtroOme7teOor7oOlog6icOal (?), +a. P As7troOme7teOorOol6oOgist (?), n. +AsOtrom6eOter (?), n. [AstroO + Ometer.] An instrument for +comparing the relative amount of the light of stars. +AsOtrom6eOtry (?), n. [AstroO + Ometry.] The art of making +measurements among the stars, or of determining their +relative magnitudes. +AsOtron6oOmer (?), n. [See Astronomy.] 1. An astrologer. +[Obs.] +Shak. +2. One who is versed in astronomy; one who has a knowledge +of the laws of the heavenly orbs, or the principles by which +their motions are regulated, with their various phenomena. +An undevout astronomer is mad. +Young. +As7troOno6miOan (?), n. [OE. & OF. astronomien. See +Astronomy.] An astrologer. [Obs.] +As7troOnom6ic (?), a. Astronomical. + + <-- p. 95 --> + +As7troOnom6icOal (?), a. [L. astronomicus, Gr. ?: cf. F. +astronomique.] Of or pertaining to astronomy; in accordance +with the methods or principles of astronomy. P +As7troOnom6icOalOly, adv. +w clock. See under Clock. P w day. See under Clock. P w day. +See under Day. P w fractions, w numbers. See under +Sexagesimal. +AsOtron6oOmize , v. i. [Gr. ?.] To study or to talk +astronomy. [R.] +They astronomized in caves. +Sir T. Browne. +AsOtron6oOmy (?), n. [OE. astronomie, F. astronomie, L. +astronomia, fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? astronomer; ? star + ? to +distribute, regulate. See Star, and Nomad.] 1. Astrology. +[Obs.] +Not from the stars do I my judgment pluck; +And yet methinks I have astronomy. +Shak. +2. The science which treats of the celestial bodies, of +their magnitudes, motions, distances, periods of revolution, +eclipses, constitution, physical condition, and of the +causes of their various phenomena. +3. A treatise on, or textPbook of, the science. +Physical ~. See under Physical. +As6troOphel (?), n. See Astrofel.[Obs.] +As7troOphoOtog6raOphy (?), n. [AstroO + photography.] The +application of photography to the delineation of the sun, +moon, and stars. +As7troOphys6icOal (?), a. Pertaining to the physics of +astronomical science. +X AsOtroph6yOton (?), n. [AstroO + Gr. ? a plant.] (Zol.) A +genus of ophiurans having the arms much branched. +As6troOscope (?), n. [AstroO + scope.] An old astronomical +instrument, formed of two cones, on whose surface the +constellations were delineated. +AsOtros6coOpy (?), n. Observation of the stars. [Obs.] +As7troOtheOol6OoOgy (?), n. [AstroO + theology.] Theology +founded on observation or knowledge of the celestial bodies. +Derham. +AOstruc6tive (?), a. [L. astructus, p. p. of astruere to +build up; ad + struere to build.] Building up; constructive; +P opposed to destructive.[Obs.] +AOstrut6 (?), a. & adv. 1. Sticking out, or puffed out; +swelling; in a swelling manner. [Archaic] +Inflated and astrut with selfPconceit. +Cowper. +2. In a strutting manner; with a strutting gait. +AsOtu6cious (?), a. [F. astucieux. See Astute.] Subtle; +cunning; astute. [R.] Sir W. Scott. P AsOtu6ciousOly, adv. +[R.] +AsOtu6ciOty (?), n. [See Astucious.] Craftiness; astuteness. +[R.] +Carlyle. +AOstun6 (?), v. t. [See Astony, Stun.] To stun. [Obs.] +=Breathless and astunned.8 +Somerville. +AsOtu6riOan (?), a. Of or pertaining to Asturias in Spain. P +n. A native of Asturias. +AsOtute6 (?), a. [L. astutus, fr. astus craft, cunning; +perh. cognate with E. acute.] Critically discerning; +sagacious; shrewd; subtle; crafty. +Syn. - Keen; eaglePeyed; penetrating; skilled; +discriminating; cunning; sagacious; subtle; wily; crafty. +P AsOtute6ly, adv. P AsOtute6ness, n. +AOsty6lar (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? pillar.] (arch.) Without +columns pr pilasters. +Weale. +AOstyl6len (?), n. (Mining) A small dam to prevent free +passage of water in an adit or level. +AOsun6der (?), adv. [Pref. aO + sunder.] Apart; separate +from each other; into parts; in two; separately; into or in +different pieces or places. +I took my staff, even Beauty, and cut it asunder. +Zech. xi. 10. +As wide asunder as pole and pole. +Froude. +X AOsu6ra (?), n. (Hind. Myth.) An enemy of the gods, esp. +one of a race of demons and giants. +X As6wail (?), n. [Native name.] (Zol.) The sloth bear +(Melursus labiatus) of India. +AOswewe6 (?), v. t. [AS. aswebban; a + swebban. See Sweven.] +To stupefy. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AOswing6 (?), adv. In a state of swinging. +AOswoon6 (?), adv. In a swoon. +Chaucer. +AOswooned6 (?), adv. In a swoon. +AOsy6lum (?), n.; pl. E. Asylums (?), L. Asyla (?). [L. +asylum, Gr. ?, fr. ? exempt from spoliation, inviolable; ? +priv. + ? right of seizure.] 1. A sanctuary or place of +refuge and protection, where criminals and debtors found +shelter, and from which they could not be forcibly taken +without sacrilege. +So sacred was the church to some, that it had the right of +an asylum or sanctuary. +Ayliffe. +5 The name was anciently given to temples, altars, statues +of the gods, and the like. In later times Christian churches +were regarded as asylums in the same sense. +2. Any place of retreat and security. +Earth has no other asylum for them than its own cold bosom. +Southey. +3. An institution for the protection or relief of some class +of destitute, unfortunate, or afflicted persons; as, an +asylum for the aged, for the blind, or for the insane; a +lunatic asylum; an orphan asylum. +AOsym6meOtral (?), a. Incommensurable; also, unsymmetrical. +[Obs.] +D. H. More. +As7ymOmet6ric (?), As7ymOmet6riOcal (?), } a. [See +Asymmetrous.] 1. Incommensurable. [Obs.] +2. Not symmetrical; wanting proportion; esp., not +bilaterally symmetrical. +Huxley. +AOsym6meOtrous (?), a. [Gr. ?.] Asymmetrical. [Obs.] +Barrow. +AOsym6meOtry (?), n. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? symmetry.] 1. Want +of symmetry, or proportion between the parts of a thing, +esp. want of bilateral symmetry. +2. (Math.) Incommensurability. [Obs.] +Barrow. +As6ympOtote (?; 215), n. [Gr. ? not falling together; ? +priv. + ? to fall together; ? with + ? to fall. Cf. +Symptom.] (Math.) A line which approaches nearer to some +curve than assignable distance, but, though infinitely +extended, would never meet it. Asymptotes may be straight +lines or curves. A rectilinear asymptote may be conceived as +a tangent to the curve at an infinite distance. +As7ympOtot6ic (?), As7ympOtot6icOal (?), } a. Pertaining to, +or partaking of the nature of, an asymptote; as, +asymptotical lines, surfaces, or planes. P As7ympOtot6icOly, +adv. +AOsyn6arOtete7 (?), a. [Gr. ? not united, disconnected; ? +priv. + ? with + ? to fasten to.] Disconnected; not fitted +or adjusted. P AOsyn6arOtet6ic (?), a. +w verse (Pros.), a verse of two members, having different +rhythms; as when the first consists of iambuses and the +second of trochees. +As7ynOdet6ic (?), a. [See Asyndeton.] Characterized by the +use of asyndeton; not connected by conjunctions. P +As7ynOdet6icOalOly, adv. +AOsyn6deOton (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, fr. ? unconnected; ? +priv. + ? bound together, fr. ?; ? with + ? to bind.] +(Rhet.) A figure which omits the connective; as, I came, I +saw, I conquered. It stands opposed to polysyndeton. +AOsys6toOle (?)(?), n. [Pref. aO not + systole.] (Physiol.) +A weakening or cessation of the contractile power of the +heart. +AOsys6toOlism (?), n. The state or symptoms characteristic +of asystole. +At (?), prep. [AS. t; akin to OHG. az, Goth., OS., & Icel. +at, Sw. t, Dan. & L. ad.] Primarily, this word expresses +the relations of presence, nearness in place or time, or +direction toward; as, at the ninth hour; at the house; to +aim at a mark. It is less definite than in or on; at the +house may be in or near the house. From this original import +are derived all the various uses of at. It expresses: P +1. A relation of proximity to, or of presence in or on, +something; as, at the door; at your shop; at home; at +school; at hand; at sea and on land. +2. The relation of some state or condition; as, at war; at +peace; at ease; at your service; at fault; at liberty; at +risk; at disadvantage. +3. The relation of some employment or action; occupied with; +as, at engraving; at husbandry; at play; at work; at meat +(eating); except at puns. +4. The relation of a point or position in a series, or of +degree, rate, or value; as, with the thermometer at 800; +goods sold at a cheap price; a country estimated at 10,000 +square miles; life is short at the longest. +5. The relations of time, age, or order; as, at ten o'clock; +at twentyPone; at once; at first. +6. The relations of source, occasion, reason, consequence, +or effect; as, at the sight; at this news; merry at +anything; at this declaration; at his command; to demand, +require, receive, deserve, endure at your hands. +7. Relation of direction toward an object or end; as, look +at it; to point at one; to aim at a mark; to throw, strike, +shoot, wink, mock, laugh at any one. +At all, At home, At large, At last, At length, At once, etc. +See under All, Home, Large, Last (phrase and syn.), Length, +Once, etc. P At it, busily or actively engaged. P At least. +See Least and However. P At one. See At one, in the +Vocabulary. + Syn. - In, At. When reference to the interior of any place +is made prominent in is used. It is used before the names of +countries and cities (esp. large cities); as, we live in +America, in New York, in the South. At is commonly employed +before names of houses, institutions, villages, and small +places; as, Milton was educated at Christ's College; money +taken in at the Customhouse; I saw him at the jeweler's; we +live at Beachville. At may be used before the name of a city +when it is regarded as a mere point of locality. =An English +king was crowned at Paris.8 Macaulay. =Jean Jacques +Rousseau was born at Geneva, June, 28, 1712.8 J. Morley. In +regard to time, we say at the hour, on the day, in the year; +as, at 9 o'clock, on the morning of July 5th, in the year +1775. +At6aObal (?), n. [Sp. atabal, fr. Ar. atPtabl the drum, +tabala to beat the drum. Cf. Tymbal.] A kettledrum; a kind +of tabor, used by the Moors. Croly. +AOtac6aOmite (?), n. [From the desert of Atacama, where +found.] (Min.) An oxychloride of copper, usually in +emeraldPgreen prismatic crystals. +At7aft6er (?), prep. After. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +At6aOghan (?), n. See Yataghan. +AOtake6 (?), v. t. To overtake. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +At6aOman (?), n. [Russ. ataman': cf. Pol. hetman, G. +hauptmann headman, chieftain. Cf. Hetman.] A hetman, or +chief of the Cossacks. +X At7aOrax6iOa (?), At6aOrax7y (?), } n. [NL. ataraxia, Gr. +?; ? priv. + ? disturbed, ? to disturb.] Perfect peace of +mind, or calmness. +AOtaunt6 (?), AOtaunt6o (?), } adv. [F. autant as much (as +possible).] (Naut.) Fully rigged, as a vessel; with all +sails set; set on end or set right. +AOtav6ic (?), a. [Cf. F. atavique.] Pertaining to a remote +ancestor, or to atavism. +At6aOvism (?), n. [L. atavus an ancestor, fr. avus a +grandfather.] (a) The recurrence, or a tendency to a +recurrence, of the original type of a species in the progeny +of its varieties; resemblance to remote rather than to near +ancestors; reversion to the original form. (b) (Biol.) The +recurrence of any peculiarity or disease of an ancestor in a +subsequent generation, after an intermission for a +generation or two. +Now and then there occur cases of what physiologists call +atavism, or reversion to an ancestral type of character. +J. Fiske. +X AOtax6iOa (?), At6axOy (?), } n. [NL. ataxia, Gr. ?, fr. ? +out of order; ? priv. + ? ordered, arranged, ? to put in +order: cf. F. ataxie.] 1. Disorder; irregularity. [Obs.] +Bp. Hall. +2. (Med.) (a) Irregularity in disease, or in the functions. +(b) The state of disorder that characterizes nervous fevers +and the nervous condition. +Locomotor ataxia. See Locomotor. +AOtax6ic (?), a. [Cf. F. ataxique. See Ataxia.] (Med.) +Characterized by ataxy, that is, (a) by great irregularity +of functions or symptoms, or (b) by a want of coordinating +power in movements. +w fever, malignant typhus fever. +Pinel. +At7aOzir6 (?), n. [OF., fr. Ar. alPtasFr influence.] +(Astron.) The influence of a star upon other stars or upon +men. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +Ate (?; 277), the preterit of Eat. +A6te (?), n. [Gr. ?.] (Greek. Myth.) The goddess of +mischievous folly; also, in later poets, the goddess of +vengeance. +Oate (?). [From the L. suffix Oatus, the past participle +ending of verbs of the 1st conj.] 1. As an ending of +participles or participial adjectives it is equivalent to +Oed; as, situate or situated; animate or animated. +2. As the ending of a verb, it means to make, to cause, to +act, etc.; as, to propitiate (to make propitious); to +animate (to give life to). +3. As a noun suffix, it marks the agent; as, curate, +delegate. It also sometimes marks the office or dignity; as, +tribunate. +4. In chemistry it is used to denote the salts formed from +those acids whose names end Oic (excepting binary or halogen +acids); as, sulphate from sulphuric acid, nitrate from +nitric acid, etc. It is also used in the case of certain +basic salts. +AOtech6nic (?), a. [Pref. aO not + technic.] Without +technical or artistic knowledge. +Difficult to convey to the atechnic reader. +Etching & Engr. +X At6eOles (?), n. [Gr. ? incomplete; ? priv. + ? +completion.] (Zol.) A genus of American monkeys with +prehensile tails, and having the thumb wanting or +rudimentary. See Spider monkey, and Coaita. +X A7teOlier6 (?)(?) n. [F.] A workshop; a studio. +AOtel6lan (?), a. [L. Atellanus, fr. Atella, an ancient town +of the Osci, in Campania.] Of or pertaining to Atella, in +ancient Italy; as, Atellan plays; farcical; ribald. P n. A +farcical drama performed at Atella. +AOthal6aOmous (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? nuptial bed.] (Bot.) +Not furnished with shields or beds for the spores, as the +thallus of certain lichens. +Ath6aOmaunt (?), n. Adamant. [Obs.] +Written in the table of athamaunt. +Chaucer. +Ath7aOna6sian (?; 277), a. Of or pertaining to Athanasius, +bishop of Alexandria in the 4th century. +w creed, a formulary, confession, or exposition of faith, +formerly supposed to have been drawn up by Athanasius; but +this opinion is now rejected, and the composition is +ascribed by some to Hilary, bishop of Arles (5th century). +It is a summary of what was called the orthodox faith. +Ath6aOnor (?), n. [F., fr. Ar. atOtann?r, fr. Heb. tann?r an +oven or furnace.] A digesting furnace, formerly used by +alchemists. It was so constructed as to maintain uniform and +durable heat. +Chambers. +X Ath7eOca6ta (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? priv. + ? chest, +box.] (Zol.) A division of Hydroidea in which the zooids +are naked, or not inclosed in a capsule. See Tubularian. +At6theOism (?), n. [Cf. F. athisme. See Atheist.] 1. The +disbelief or denial of the existence of a God, or supreme +intelligent Being. +Atheism is a ferocious system, that leaves nothing above us +to excite awe, nor around us to awaken tenderness. +R. Hall. +Atheism and pantheism are often wrongly confounded. +Shipley. +2. Godlessness. +A6theOist, n. [Gr. ? without god; ? priv. + ? god: cf. F. +athiste.] 1. One who disbelieves or denies the existence of +a God, or supreme intelligent Being. +2. A godless person. [Obs.] +Syn. - Infidel; unbeliever. +See Infidel. +A7theOis6tic (?), A7theOis6ticOal (?), } a. 1. Pertaining +to, implying, or containing, atheism; P applied to things; +as, atheistic doctrines, opinions, or books. +Atheistical explications of natural effects. +Barrow. +2. Disbelieving the existence of a God; impious; godless; P +applied to persons; as, an atheistic writer. P +A7theOis6ticOalOly, adv. P A7theOis6ticOalOness, n. +A6theOize (?), v. t. To render atheistic or godless. [R.] +They endeavored to atheize one another. +Berkeley. +A6theOize, v. i. To discourse, argue, or act as an atheist. +[R.] P A6theOi7zer (?), n. +Cudworth. + + <-- p. 96 --> + +Ath6elOing (?), n. [AS. ?eling noble, fr. ?ele noble, akin +to G. adel nobility, edel noble. The word ?el, E. ethel, is +in many AS. proper names, as Ethelwolf, noble wolf; +Ethelbald, noble bold; Ethelbert, noble bright.] An +AngloPSaxon prince or nobleman; esp., the heir apparent or a +prince of the royal family. [Written also Adeling and +theling.] +Ath7eOne6um, Ath7eOn6um } (?), n. pl. E. Atheneums (?), L. +Athena (?). [L. Athenaemum, Gr. ? a temple of Minerva at +Athens, fr. ?, contr. fr. ?, ?, in Homer ?, ?, Athene +(called Minerva by the Romans), the tutelary goddess of +Athens.] 1. (Gr. Antiq.) A temple of Athene, at Athens, in +which scholars and poets were accustomed to read their works +and instruct students. +2. A school founded at Rome by Hadrian. +3. A literary or scientific association or club. +4. A building or an apartment where a library, periodicals, +and newspaper? are kept for use. +AOthe6niOan (?), a. [Cf. F. Athnien.] Of or pertaining to +Athens, the metropolis of Greece. P n. A native or citizen +of Athens. +A7theOoOlog6icOal (?), a. Opposed to theology; atheistic. +Bp. Montagu. +A7theOol6oOgy (?), n. [Pref. aO not + theology.] Antagonism +to theology. +Swift. +A6theOous (?), a. [Gr. ? without God. See Atheist.] 1. +Atheistic; impious. [Obs.] +Milton. +2. Without God, neither accepting nor denying him. +I should say science was atheous, and therefore could not be +atheistic. +Bp. of Carlisle. +Ath6erOine (?), n. [NL. atherina, fr. Gr. ? a kind of +smelt.] (Zol.) A small marine fish of the family +Atherinid,having a silvery stripe along the sides. The +European species (Atherina presbyter) is used as food. The +American species (Menidia notata) is called silversides and +sand smelt. See Silversides. +AOther6manOcy (?), n. [See Athermanous.] Inability to +transmit radiant; impermeability to heat. +Tyndall. +AOther6maOnous (?), a. [Gr. ? priv. + ? to heat, ? heat: cf. +F. athermane.] (Chem.) Not transmitting heat; P opposed to +diathermanous. +AOther6mous (?), a. (Chem.) Athermanous. +Ath6erOoid (?), a. [Gr. ?, ?, a beard, or an ear, of grain + +Ooid.] Shaped like an ear of grain. +X Ath7eOro6ma (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. ?, ?, fr. ? gr?ats, +meal.] (Med.) (a) An encysted tumor containing curdy matter. +(b) A disease characterized by thickening and fatty +degeneration of the inner coat of the arteries. +Ath7eOrom6aOtous (?), a. (Med.) Of, pertaining to, or having +the nature of, atheroma. +Wiseman. +X Ath7eOto6sis (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? not fixed; ? priv. + +? to set.] (Med.) A variety of chorea, marked by peculiar +tremors of the fingers and toes. +AOthink6 (?), v. t. To repent; to displease; to disgust. +[Obs.] +Chaucer. +AOthirst6 (?), a. [OE. ofthurst, AS. ofpyrsted, p. p. of +ofpyrstan; pref. ofO, intensive + pyrstan to thirst. See +Thirst.] 1. Wanting drink; thirsty. +2.Having a keen appetite or desire; eager; longing. +=Athirst for battle.8 +Cowper. +Ath6lete (?), n. [L. athleta, Gr. ? prizefighter, fr. ? to +contend for a prize, ?, Hom. ?, contest, ? prize; fr. the +same root as E. wed: cf. F. athl +te.] 1. (Antiq.) One who +contended for a prize in the public games of ancient Greece +or Rome. +2. Any one trained to contend in exercises requiring great +physical agility and strength; one who has great activity +and strength; a champion. +3. One fitted for, or skilled in, intellectual contests; as, +athletes of debate. +Ath7let6ic (?), a. [L. athleticus, Gr. ?. See Athlete.] 1. +Of or pertaining to athletes or to the exercises practiced +by them; as, athletic games or sports. +2. Befitting an athlete; strong; muscular; robust; vigorous; +as, athletic Celts. =Athletic soundness.8 South. P +AthOlet6icOalOly (?), adv. +AthOlet6iOcism (?), n. The practice of engaging in athletic +games; athletism. +AthOlet6ics (?), n. The art of training by athletic +exercises; the games and sports of athletes. +Ath6leOtism (?), n. The state or practice of an athlete; the +characteristics of an athlete. +AOthwart6 (?), prep. [Pref. aO + thwart.] 1. Across; from +side to side of. +Athwart the thicket lone. +Tennyson. +2. (Naut.) Across the direction or course of; as, a fleet +standing athwart our course. +w hawse, across the stem of another vessel, whether in +contact or at a small distance. P w ships, across the ship +from side to side, or in that direction; P opposed to fore +and aft. +AOthwart6, adv. 1. Across, especially in an oblique +direction; sidewise; obliquely. +Sometimes athwart, sometimes he strook him straight. +Spenser. +2. Across the course; so as to thwart; perversely. +All athwart there came +A post from Wales loaden with heavy news. +Shak. +AOtilt6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + tilt.] 1. In the manner of a +tilter; in the position, or with the action, of one making a +thrust. =To run atilt at men.8 Hudibras. +2. In the position of a cask tilted, or with one end raised. +[In this sense sometimes used as an adjective.] +Abroach, atilt, and run +Even to the lees of honor. +Beau. & Fl. +At6iOmy (?), n. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? honor.] (Gr. Antiq.) +Public disgrace or stigma; infamy; loss of civil rights. +Mitford. +Oa6tion (?). [L. Oationem. See Otion.] A suffix forming +nouns of action, and often equivalent to the verbal +substantive in Oing. It sometimes has the further meanings +of state, and that which results from the action. Many of +these nouns have verbs in Oate; as, alliterate Oation, +narrate Oation; many are derived through the French; as, +alteration, visitation; and many are formed on verbs ending +in the Greek formative Oize (Fr. Oise); as, civilization, +demoralization. +APtip6toe (?), adv. One tiptoe; eagerly expecting. +We all feel aOtiptoe with hope and confidence. +F. Harrison. +X AtOlan6ta (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ?.] (Zol.) A genus of +small glassy heteropod mollusks found swimming at the +surface in mid ocean. See Heteropod. +AtOlan6tal (?), a. (Anat.) (a) Relating to the atlas. (b) +Anterior; cephalic. +Barclay. +At7lanOte6an (?), a. [L. Atlant?us.] 1. Of or pertaining to +the isle Atlantis, which the ancients allege was sunk, and +overwhelmed by the ocean. +2. Pertaining to, or resembling, Atlas; strong. +With Atlantean shoulders, fit to bear +The weight of mightiest monarchies. +Milton. +X AtOlan6tes (?), n. pl. [L., fr. Gr. ?, pl. of ?. See +Atlas.] (Arch.) Figures or half figures of men, used as +columns to support an entablature; P called also telamones. +See Caryatides. +Oxf. Gloss. +AtOlan6tic (?), a. [L. Atlanticus, fr. Atlas. See Atlas and +Atlantes.] 1. Of or pertaining to Mt. Atlas in Libya, and +hence applied to the ocean which lies between Europe and +Africa on the east and America on the west; as, the Atlantic +Ocean (called also the Atlantic); the Atlantic basin; the +Atlantic telegraph. +2. Of or pertaining to the isle of Atlantis. +3. Descended from Atlas. +The seven Atlantic sisters. +Milton. +X AtOlan6tiOdes (?), n. pl. [L. See Atlantes.] The Pleiades +or seven stars, fabled to have been the daughters of Atlas. +At6las (?), n.; pl. Atlases (?). [L. Atlas, Oantis, Gr. ?, +?, one of the older family of gods, who bears up the pillars +of heaven; also Mt. Atlas, in W. Africa, regarded as the +pillar of heaven. It is from the root of ? to bear. See +Tolerate.] 1. One who sustains a great burden. +2.(Anat.) The first vertebra of the neck, articulating +immediately with the skull, thus sustaining the globe of the +head, whence the name. +3. A collection of maps in a volume; P supposed to be so +called from a picture of w supporting the world, prefixed to +some collections. This name is said to have been first used +by Mercator, the celebrated geographer, in the 16th century. +4. A volume of plates illustrating any subject. +5. A work in which subjects are exhibited in a tabular from +or arrangement; as, an historical atlas. +6. A large, square folio, resembling a volume of maps; P +called also atlas folio. +7. A drawing paper of large size. See under Paper, n. +w powder, a nitroglycerin blasting compound of pasty +consistency and great explosive power. +At6las, n. [Ar., smooth.] A rich kind of satin manufactured +in India. +Brande & C. +At7miOdom6eOter (?), n. [Gr. ?, ?, smoke, vapor + Ometer; +cf. F. atmidom +tre.] An instrument for measuring the +evaporation from water, ice, or snow. +Brande & C. +At6mo (?), n. [Contr. fr. atmosphere.] (Physics) The +standard atmospheric pressure used in certain physical +measurements calculations; conventionally, that pressure +under which the barometer stands at 760 millimeters, at a +temperature of 00 Centigrade, at the level of the sea, and +in the latitude of Paris. +Sir W. Thomson. +At7moOlog6ic (?), At7moOlog6icOal (?), } a. Of or pertaining +to atmology. =Atmological laws of heat.8 +Whewell. +AtOmol6oOgist (?), n. One who is versed in atmology. +AtOmol6oOgy (?), n. [Gr. ? vapor + Ology.] (Physics) That +branch of science which treats of the laws and phenomena of +aqueous vapor. +Whewell. +AtOmol6yOsis (?), n. [Gr. ? vapor + ? a loosing, ? to +loose.] (Chem.) The act or process of separating mingled +gases of unequal diffusibility by transmission through +porous substances. +At7molOyOza6tion , n. (Chem.) Separation by atmolysis. +At6moOlyze (?), v. t. (Chem.) To subject to atmolysis; to +separate by atmolysis. +At6moOly7zer (?), n. (Chem.) An apparatus for effecting +atmolysis. +AtOmom6eOter (?), n. [Gr. ? smoke, vapor + Ometer: cf. F. +atmom +tre.] An instrument for measuring the rate of +evaporation from a moist surface; an evaporometer. +Huxley. +At6mosOphere (?), n. [Gr. ? vapor (akin to Skr. >tman +breath, soul, G. athem breath) + ? sphere: cf. F. +atmosph +re. See Sphere.] 1. (Physics) (a) The whole mass of +a riform fluid surrounding the earth; P applied also to the +gaseous envelope of any celestial orb, or other body; as, +the atmosphere of Mars. (b) Any gaseous envelope or medium. +An atmosphere of cold oxygen. +Miller. +2. A supposed medium around various bodies; as, electrical +atmosphere, a medium formerly supposed to surround +electrical bodies. +Franklin. +3. The pressure or weight of the air at the sea level, on a +unit of surface, or about 14.7 Ibs. to the sq. inch. +Hydrogen was liquefied under a pressure of 650 atmospheres. +Lubbock. +4. Any surrounding or pervading influence or condition. +The chillest of social atmospheres. +Hawthorne. +5. The portion of air in any locality, or affected by a +special physical or sanitary condition; as, the atmosphere +of the room; a moist or noxious atmosphere. +At7mosOpher6ic (?), At7mosOpher6icOal (?), } a. [Cf. F. +atmosphrique.] 1. Of or pertaining to the atmosphere; of +the nature of, or resembling, the atmosphere; as, +atmospheric air; the atmospheric envelope of the earth. +2. Existing in the atmosphere. +The lower atmospheric current. +Darwin. +3. Caused, or operated on, by the atmosphere; as, an +atmospheric effect; an atmospheric engine. +4. Dependent on the atmosphere. [R.] +In am so atmospherical a creature. +Pope. +Atmospheric engine, a steam engine whose piston descends by +the pressure of the atmosphere, when the steam which raised +it is condensed within the cylinder. Tomlinson. P +Atmospheric line (Steam Engin.), the equilibrium line of an +indicator card. Steam is expanded =down to the atmosphere8 +when its pressure is equal to that of the atmosphere. (See +Indicator card.) P Atmospheric pressure, the pressure +exerted by the atmosphere, not merely downwards, but in +every direction. In amounts to about 14.7 Ibs. on each +square inch. P Atmospheric railway, one in which pneumatic +power, obtained from compressed air or the creation of a +vacuum, is the propelling force. P Atmospheric tides. See +under Tide. +At7mosOpher6icOalOly (?), adv. In relation to the +atmosphere. +At7mosOpheOrol6oOgy (?), n. [Atmosphere + Ology.] The +science or a treatise on the atmosphere. +At6oOkous (?), a. [Gr. ? barren; ? priv. + ? offspring.] +(Zol.) Producing only asexual individuals, as the eggs of +certain annelids. +AOtoll6 (?), n. [The native name in the Indian Ocean.] A +coral island or islands, consisting of a belt of coral reef, +partly submerged, surrounding a central lagoon or +depression; a lagoon island. +At6om (?), n. [L. atomus, Gr. ?, uncut, indivisible; ? priv. ++ ?, verbal adj. of ? to cut: cf. F. atome. See Tome.] 1. +(Physics) (a) An ultimate indivisible particle of matter. +(b) An ultimate particle of matter not necessarily +indivisible; a molecule. (c) A constituent particle of +matter, or a molecule supposed to be made up of subordinate +particles. +5 These three definitions correspond to different views of +the nature of the ultimate particles of matter. In the case +of the last two, the particles are more correctly called +molecules. +Dana. +2.(Chem.) The smallest particle of matter that can enter +into combination; one of the elementary constituents of a +molecule. +3. Anything extremely small; a particle; a whit. +There was not an atom of water. +Sir J. Ross. +At6om, v. t. To reduce to atoms. [Obs.] +Feltham. +AOtom6ic (?), AOtom6icOal (?), } a. [Cf. F. atomique.] 1. Of +or pertaining to atoms. +2. Extremely minute; tiny. +Atomic philosophy, or Doctrine of atoms, a system which +assuming that atoms are endued with gravity and motion +accounted thus for the origin and formation of all things. +This philosophy was first broached by Leucippus, was +developed by Democritus, and afterward improved by Epicurus, +and hence is sometimes denominated the Epicurean philosophy. +P Atomic theory, or the Doctrine of definite proportions +(Chem.), teaches that chemical combinations take place +between the supposed ultimate particles or atoms of bodies, +in some simple ratio, as of one to one, two to three, or +some other, always expressible in whole numbers. P Atomic +weight (Chem.), the weight of the atom of an element as +compared with the weight of the atom of hydrogen, taken as a +standard. +AOtom6icOalOly, adv. In an atomic manner; in accordance +with the atomic philosophy. +At7oOmi6cian (?), n. An atomist. [R.] +AOtom6iOcism (?), n. Atomism. [Obs.] +At7oOmic6iOty (?), n. [Cf. F. atomicit.] (Chem.) Degree of +atomic attraction; equivalence; valence; also (a later use) +the number of atoms in an elementary molecule. See Valence. +At6omOism (?), n. [Cf. F. atomisme.] The doctrine of atoms. +See Atomic philosophy, under Atomic. +At6omOist, n. [Cf. F. atomiste.] One who holds to the atomic +philosophy or theory. +Locke. +At7omOis6tic (?), a. Of or pertaining to atoms; relating to +atomism. [R.] +It is the object of the mechanical atomistic philosophy to +confound synthesis with synartesis. +Coleridge. +At7omOiOza6tion , n. 1. The act of reducing to atoms, or +very minute particles; or the state of being so reduced. +2. (Med.) The reduction of fluids into fine spray. +At6omOize , v. t. To reduce to atoms, or to fine spray. +The liquids in the form of spray are said to be pulverized, +nebulized, or atomized. +Dunglison. + + <-- p. 97 --> + +At6omOi7zer , n. One who, or that which, atomizes; esp., an +instrument for reducing a liquid to spray for disinfecting, +cooling, or perfuming. +At7omOol6oOgy (?), n. [Atom + Ology.] The doctrine of atoms. +Cudworth. +At6omOy (?), n. An atom; a mite; a pigmy. +At6oOmy (?), n. [For anatomy, taken as an atomy.] A +skeleton. [Ludicrous] +Shak. +AOton6aOble (?), a. Admitting an atonement; capable of being +atoned for; expiable. +At one6 (?). [OE. at on, atone, atoon, attone.] 1. In +concord or friendship; in agreement (with each other); as, +to be, bring, make, or set, at one, i. e., to be or bring in +or to a state of agreement or reconciliation. +If gentil men, or othere of hir contree +Were wrothe, she wolde bringen hem atoon. +Chaucer. +2. Of the same opinion; agreed; as, on these points we are +at one. +3. Together. [Obs.] +Spenser. +AOtone6 (?), v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Atoned (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Atoning.] [From at one, i. e., to be, or cause to be, at +one. See At one.] 1. To agree; to be in accordance; to +accord. [Obs.] +He and Aufidius can no more atone +Than violentest contrariety. +Shak. +2. To stand as an equivalent; to make reparation, +compensation, or amends, for an offense or a crime. +The murderer fell, and blood atoned for blood. +Pope. +The ministry not atoning for their former conduct by any +wise or popular measure. +Junius. +AOtone6, v. t. 1. To set at one; to reduce to concord; to +reconcile, as parties at variance; to appease. [Obs.] +I would do much +To atone them, for the love I bear to Cassio. +Shak. +2. To unite in making. [Obs. & R.] +The four elements... have atoned +A noble league. +Ford. +3. To make satisfaction for; to expiate. +Or each atone his guilty love with life. +Pope. +AOtone6ment (?), n. 1. (Literally, a setting at one.) +Reconciliation; restoration of friendly relations; +agreement; concord. [Archaic] +By whom we have now received the atonement. +Rom. v. 11. +He desires to make atonement +Betwixt the Duke of Gloucester and your brothers. +Shak. +2. Satisfaction or reparation made by giving an equivalent +for an injury, or by doing of suffering that which will be +received in satisfaction for an offense or injury; +expiation; amends; P with for. Specifically, in theology: +The expiation of sin made by the obedience, personal +suffering, and death of Christ. +When a man has been guilty of any vice, the best atonement +be can make for it is, to warn others. +Spectator. +The Phocians behaved with, so much gallantry, that they were +thought to have made a sufficient atonement for their former +offense. +Potter. +AOton6er (?), n. One who makes atonement. +AtOones (?), adv. [See At one.] [Obs.] +Down he fell atones as a stone. +Chaucer. +AOton6ic (?), a. [Cf. F. atonique. See Atony.] 1. (Med.) +Characterized by atony, or want of vital energy; as, an +atonic disease. +2. (Gram.) Unaccented; as, an atonic syllable. +3. Destitute of tone vocality; surd. +Rush. +AOton6ic, n. 1. (Gram.) A word that has no accent. +2. An element of speech entirely destitute of vocality, or +produced by the breath alone' a nonvocal or surd consonant; +a breathing. +Rush. +3. (Med.) A remedy capable of allaying organic excitement or +irritation. +Dunglison. +At6oOny (?), n. [Gr. ? slackness; ? priv. + ? tone, +strength, ? to stretch: cf. F. atonie.] (Med.) Want of tone; +weakness of the system, or of any organ, especially of such +as are contractile. +AOtop6 (?), adv. On or at the top. +Milton. +At7raObiOla6riOan (?), At7raObiOla6riOous (?), } a. [LL. +atrabilarius, fr. L. atra bilis black bile: cf. F. +atrabilaire, fr. atrabile.] Affected with melancholy; +atrabilious. +Arbuthnot. +At7raObiOla6riOan, n. A person much given to melancholy; a +hypochondriac. +I. Disraeli. +At7raObil6iar (?), a. Melancholy; atrabilious. +At7raObil6iaOry (?), a. 1. Of or pertaining to atra bilis or +black bile, a fluid formerly supposed to be produced by the +kidneys. +2. Melancholic or hypohondriac; atrabilious; P from the +supposed predominance of black bile, to the influence of +which the ancients attributed hypochondria, melancholy, and +mania. + w arteries, capsules, and veins (Anat.), those pertaining +to the kidney; P called also renal arteries, capsules, and +veins. +At7raObil6ious (?), a. Melancholic or hypochondriac; +atrabiliary. +Dunglision. +A hardPfaced, atrabilious, earnestPeyed race. +Lowell. +He was constitutionally atrabilious and scornful. +Froude. +At7raOmenOta6ceous (?), a. [L. atramentum ink, fr. ater +black.] Black, like ink; inky; atramental. [Obs.] +Derham. +At7raOmen6tal (?), At7raOmen6tous (?), } a. Of or pertaining +to ink; inky; black, like ink; as, atramental galls; +atramentous spots. +At7raOmenOta6riOous (?), a. [Cf. F. atramentaire. See +Atramentaceous.] Like ink; suitable for making ink. Sulphate +of iron (copperas, green vitriol) is called atramentarious, +as being used in making ink. +AtOrede (?), v. t. [OE. at (AS. t) out + rede.] To surpass +in council. [Obs.] +Men may the olde atrenne, but hat atrede. +Chaucer. +AtOrenne6 (?), v. t. [OE. at + renne to run.] To outrun. +[Obs.] +Chaucer. +X AOtre6siOa (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? not perforated.] (Med.) +Absence or closure of a natural passage or channel of the +body; imperforation. +A6triOal , a. Of or pertaining to an atrium. +AOtrip6 (?), adv. [Pref. aO + trip.] (Naut.) (a) Just hove +clear of the ground; Psaid of the anchor. (b) Sheeted home, +hoisted taut up and ready for trimming; P said of sails. (c) +Hoisted up and ready to be swayed across; P said of yards. +X A6triOum (?), n.; pl. Atria (?). [L., the fore court of a +Roman house.] 1. (Arch.) (a) A square hall lighted from +above, into which rooms open at one or more levels. (b) An +open court with a porch or gallery around three or more +sides; especially at the entrance of a basilica or other +church. The name was extended in the Middle Ages to the open +churchyard or cemetery. +2.(Anat.) The main part of either auricle of the heart as +distinct from the auricular appendix. Also, the whole +articular portion of the heart. +3.(Zol.) A cavity in ascidians into which the intestine +and generative ducts open, and which also receives the water +from the gills. See Ascidioidea. +X At7roOcha (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? priv. + ? a circle.] +(Zol.) A kind of chtopod larva in which no circles of +cilia are developed. +AOtro6cious (?), a. [L. atrox, atrocis, cruel, fierce: cf. +F. atroce.] 1. Extremely heinous; full of enormous +wickedness; as, atrocious quilt or deeds. +2. Characterized by, or expressing, great atrocity, great +atrocity. +Revelations... so atrocious that nothing in history +approaches them. +De Quincey. +3. Very grievous or violent; terrible; as, atrocious +distempers. [Obs.] +Cheyne. +Syn. - Atrocious, Flagitious, Flagrant. Flagitious points to +an act as grossly wicked and vile; as, a flagitious +proposal. Flagrant marks the vivid impression made upon the +mind by something strikingly wrong or erroneous; as, a +flagrant misrepresentation; a flagrant violation of duty. +Atrocious represents the act as springing from a violent and +savage spirit. If Lord Chatham, instead of saying =the +atrocious crime of being a young man,8 had used either of +the other two words, his irony would have lost all its +point, in his celebrated reply to Sir Robert Walpole, as +reported by Dr. Johnson. +P AOtro6ciousOly, adv. P AOtro6ciousOness, n. +AOtroc6iOty (?), n.; pl. Atrocities (?). [F. atrocit, L. +atrocitas, fr. atrox, atrocis, cruel.] 1. Enormous +wickedness; extreme heinousness or cruelty. +2. An atrocious or extremely cruel deed. +The atrocities which attend a victory. +Macaulay. +AOtroph6ic , a. Relating to atrophy. +At6roOphied (?), p. a. Affected with atrophy, as a tissue or +organ; arrested in development at a very early stage; +rudimentary. +At6roOphy (?), n. [L. atrophia, Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? to +nourish: cf. F. atrophie.] A wasting away from of +nourishment; diminution in bull or slow emaciation of the +body or of any part. +Milton. +At6roOphy, v. t. [p. p. Atrophied (?).] To cause to waste +away or become abortive; to starve or weaken. +At6roOphy, v. i. To waste away; to dwindle. +AOtro6piOa (?), n. Same as Atropine. +At6roOpine (?), n. [Gr. ? inflexible; hence ? ?, one of the +three Parc; ? priv. + ? to turn.] (Chem.) A poisonous, +white, crystallizable alkaloid, extracted from the Atropa +belladonna, or deadly nightshade, and the Datura Stramonium, +or thorn apple. It is remarkable for its power in dilating +the pupil of the eye. Called also daturine. +At6roOpism (?), n. (Med.) A condition of the system produced +by long use of belladonna. +At6roOpous (?), a. [Gr. ?; ? priv. + ? to turn.] (Bot.) Not +inverted; orthotropous. +A6trous (?), a. [L. ater.] CoalPblack; very black. +X AOtry6pa (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? priv. + ? a hole.] +(Paleon.) A extinct genus of Branchiopoda, very common in +Silurian limestones. +At6taObal (?), n. See Atabal. +X AtOtac6ca (?). [It., fr. attaccare to tie, bind. See +Attach.] (Mus.) Attack at once; P a direction at the end of +a movement to show that the next is to follow immediately, +without any pause. +AtOtach6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Attached (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Attaching.] [OF. atachier, F. attacher, to tie or +fasten: cf. Celt. tac, tach, nail, E. tack a small nail, +tack to fasten. Cf. Attack, and see Tack.] 1. To bind, +fasten, tie, or connect; to make fast or join; as, to attach +one thing to another by a string, by glue, or the like. +The shoulder blade is... attached only to the muscles. +Paley. +A huge stone to which the cable was attached. +Macaulay. +2. To connect; to place so as to belong; to assign by +authority; to appoint; as, an officer is attached to a +certain regiment, company, or ship. +3. To win the heart of; to connect by ties of love or +selfPinterest; to attract; to fasten or bind by moral +influence; P with to; as, attached to a friend; attaching +others to us by wealth or flattery. +Incapable of attaching a sensible man. +Miss Austen. +God... by various ties attaches man to man. +Cowper. +4. To connect, in a figurative sense; to ascribe or +attribute; to affix; P with to; as, to attach great +importance to a particular circumstance. +Top this treasure a curse is attached. +Bayard Taylor. +5. To take, seize, or lay hold of. [Obs.] +Shak. +6. To take by legal authority: (a) To arrest by writ, and +bring before a court, as to answer for a debt, or a +contempt; P applied to a taking of the person by a civil +process; being now rarely used for the arrest of a criminal. +(b) To seize or take (goods or real estate) by virtue of a +writ or precept to hold the same to satisfy a judgment which +may be rendered in the suit. See Attachment, 4. +The earl marshal attached Gloucester for high treason. +Miss Yonge. +Attached column (Arch.), a column engaged in a wall, so that +only a part of its circumference projects from it. +Syn. - To affix; bind; tie; fasten; connect; conjoin; +subjoin; annex; append; win; gain over; conciliate. +AtOtach6 (?), v. i. 1. To adhere; to be attached. +The great interest which attaches to the mere knowledge of +these facts cannot be doubted. +Brougham. +2. To come into legal operation in connection with anything; +to vest; as, dower will attach. +Cooley. +AtOtach6, n. An attachment. [Obs.] +Pope. +AtOtach6aOble (?), a. Capable of being attached; esp., +liable to be taken by writ or precept. +X At7taOch6 (?), n. [F., p. p. of attacher. See Attach, v. +t.] One attached to another person or thing, as a part of a +suite or staff. Specifically: One attached to an embassy. +AtOtach6ment (?), n. [F. attachment.] 1. The act attaching, +or state of being attached; close adherence or affection; +fidelity; regard; an? passion of affection that binds a +person; as, an attachment to a friend, or to a party. +2. That by which one thing is attached to another; +connection; as, to cut the attachments of a muscle. +The human mind... has exhausted its forces in the endeavor +to rend the supernatural from its attachment to this +history. +I. Taylor. +3 Something attached; some adjunct attached to an +instrument, machine, or other object; as, a sewing machine +attachment (i. e., a device attached to a sewing machine to +enable it to do special work, as tucking, etc.). +4. (Giv. Law) (a) A seizure or taking into custody by virtue +of a legal process. (b) The writ or percept commanding such +seizure or taking. +5 The term is applied to a seizure or taking either of +persons or property. In the serving of process in a civil +suit, it is most generally applied to the taking of +property, whether at common law, as a species of distress, +to compel defendant's appearance, or under local statutes, +to satisfy the judgment the plaintiff may recover in the +action. The terms attachment and arrest are both applied to +the taking or apprehension of a defendant to compel an +appearance in a civil action. Attachment are issued at +common law and is chancery, against persons for contempt of +court. In England, attachment is employed in some cases +where capias is with us, as against a witness who fails to +appear on summons. In some of the New England States a writ +of attachment is a species of mesne process upon which the +property of a defendant may be saized at the commencement of +a suit and before summons to him, and may be held to satisfy +the judgment the plaintiff may recover. In other States this +writ can issue only against absconding debtors and those who +conceal themselves. See Foreign, Garnishment, Truster +process. +Bouvier. Burrill. Blackstone. +Syn. - Attachment, Affection. The leading idea of affection +is that of warmth and tenderness; the leading idea of +attachment is that of being bound to some object by strong +and lasting ties. There is more of sentiment (and sometimes +of romance) in affection, and more of principle in +preserving attachment. We speak of the ardor of the one, and +the fidelity of the other. There is another distinction in +the use and application of these words. The term attachment +is applied to a wider range of objects than affection. A man +may have a strong attachment to his country, to his +profession, to his principles, and even to favorite places; +in respect to none of these could we use the word affection. +AtOtack6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Attacked (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Attacking.] [F. attaquer, orig. another form of attacher +to ~: cf. It. attacare to fasten, ~. See Attach, Tack a +small nail.] 1. To fall upon with force; to assail, as with +force and arms; to assault. =Attack their lines.8 +Dryden. +2. To assail with unfriendly speech or writing; to begin a +controversy with; to attempt to overthrow or bring into +disrepute, by criticism or satire; to censure; as, to attack +a man, or his opinions, in a pamphlet. +3. To set to work upon, as upon a task or problem, or some +object of labor or investigation. +4. To begin to affect; to begin to act upon, injuriously or +destructively; to begin to decompose or waste. +On the fourth of March he was attacked by fever. +Macaulay. +Hydrofluoric acid... attacks the glass. +B. Stewart. +Syn. - To Attack, Assail, Assault, Invade. These words all +denote a violent onset; attack being the generic term, and +the others specific forms of attack. To attack is to +commence the onset; to assail is to make a sudden and +violent ~, or to make repeated attacks; to assault +(literally, to leap upon) is to ~ physically by a +hadPtoPhand approach or by unlawful and insulting violence; +to invade is to enter by force on what belongs to another. +Thus, a person may attack by offering violence of any kind; +he may assail by means of missile weapons; he may assault by +direct personal violence; a king may invade by marching an +army into a country. Figuratively, we may say, men attack +with argument or satire; they assail with abuse or +reproaches; they may be assaulted by severe temptations; the +rights of the people may be invaded by the encroachments of +the crown. +AtOtack6, v. i. To make an onset or ~. +AtOtack6, n. [Cf. F. attaque.] 1. The act of attacking, or +falling on with force or violence; an onset; an assault; P +opposed to defense. +2. An assault upon one's feelings or reputation with +unfriendly or bitter words. +3. A setting to work upon some task, etc. +4. An access of disease; a fit of sickness. +5. The beginning of corrosive, decomposing, or destructive +action, by a chemical agent. +AtOtack6aOble (?), a. Capable of being attacked. +AtOtack6er (?), n. One who attacks. +At6taOgas (?), At6taOgen (?), } n. [L. attagen a kind of +bird, Gr. ?, ?.] (Zol.) A species of sand grouse +(Syrrghaptes Pallasii) found in Asia and rarely in southern +Europe. + + <-- p. 98 --> + +At6taOghan (?), n. See Yataghan. +AtOtain6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Attained (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Attaining.] [Of. atteinen, atteignen, ?tainen, OF. +ateindre, ataindre, F. atteindre, fr. L. attingere; ad + +tangere to touch, reach. See Tangent, and cf. Attinge, +Attaint.] 1. To achieve or accomplish, that is, to reach by +efforts; to gain; to compass; as, to attain rest. +Is he wise who hopes to attain the end without the means? +Abp. Tillotson. +2. To gain or obtain possession of; to acquire. [Obs. with a +material object.] +Chaucer. +3. To get at the knowledge of; to ascertain. [Obs.] +Not well attaining his meaning. +Fuller. +4. To reach or come to, by progression or motion; to arrive +at. =Canaan he now attains.8 +Milton. +5. To overtake. [Obs.] +Bacon. +6. To reach in excellence or degree; to equal. +Syn. - To Attain, Obtain, Procure. Attain always implies an +effort toward an object. Hence it is not synonymous with +obtain and procure, which do not necessarily imply such +effort or motion. We procure or obtain a thing by purchase +or loan, and we obtain by inheritance, but we do not attain +it by such means. +AtOtain6, v. i. 1. To come or arrive, by motion, growth, +bodily exertion, or efforts toward a place, object, state, +etc.; to reach. +If by any means they might attain to Phenice. +Acts xxvii. 12. +Nor nearer might the dogs attain. +Sir W. Scott. +To see your trees attain to the dignity of timber. +Cowper. +Few boroughs had as yet attained to power such as this. +J. R. Green. +2. To come or arrive, by an effort of mind. +Such knowledge is too wonderful for me; it is high, I can +not attain unto it. +Ps. cxxxix. 6. +AtOtain6, n. Attainment. [Obs.] +AtOtain7aObil6iOty (?), n. The quality of being attainable; +attainbleness. +AtOtain6aOble (?), a. 1. Capable of being attained or +reached by efforts of the mind or body; capable of being +compassed or accomplished by efforts directed to the object. +The highest pitch of perfection attainable in this life. +Addison. +2. Obtainable. [Obs.] +General Howe would not permit the purchase of those articles +[clothes and blankets] in Philadelphia, and they were not +attainable in the country. +Marshall. +AtOtain6aObleOness, n. The quality of being attainable; +attainability. +AtOtain6der (?), n. [OF. ataindre, ateindre, to accuse, +convict. Attainder is often erroneously referred to F. +teindre tie stain. See Attaint, Attain.] 1. The act of +attainting, or the state of being attainted; the extinction +of the civil rights and capacities of a person, consequent +upon sentence of death or outlawry; as, an act of attainder. +Abbott. +5 Formerly attainder was the inseparable consequence of a +judicial or legislative sentence for treason or felony, and +involved the forfeiture of all the real and personal +property of the condemned person, and such =corruption of +blood8 that he could neither receive nor transmit by +inheritance, nor could he sue or testify in any court, or +claim any legal protection or rights. In England attainders +are now abolished, and in the United States the Constitution +provides that no bill of attainder shall be passed; and no +attainder of treason (in consequence of a judicial sentence) +shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture, except during +the life of the person attainted. +2. A stain or staining; state of being in dishonor or +condemnation. [Obs.] +He lived from all attainder of suspect. +Shak. +Bill of ~, a bill brought into, or passed by, a legislative +body, condemning a person to death or outlawry, and ~, +without judicial sentence. +AtOtain6ment (?), n. 1. The act of attaining; the act of +arriving at or reaching; hence, the act of obtaining by +efforts. +The attainment of every desired object. +Sir W. Jones. +2. That which is attained to, or obtained by exertion; +acquirement; acquisition; (pl.), mental acquirements; +knowledge; as, literary and scientific attainments. +AtOtaint6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Attainted; p. pr. & vb. +n. Attainting.] [OE. atteynten to convict, fr. atteynt, OF. +ateint, p. p. of ateindre, ataindre. The meanings 3, 4, 5, +and 6 were influenced by a supposed connection with taint. +See Attain, Attainder.] 1. To attain; to get act; to hit. +[Obs.] +2. (Old Law) To find guilty; to convict; P said esp. of a +jury on trial for giving a false verdict. [Obs.] +Upon sufficient proof attainted of some open act by men of +his own condition. +Blackstone. +3. (Law) To subject (a person) to the legal condition +formerly resulting from a sentence of death or outlawry, +pronounced in respect of treason or felony; to affect by +attainder. +No person shall be attainted of high treason where +corruption of blood is incurred, but by the oath of two +witnesses. +Stat. 7 & 8 Wm. III. +4. To accuse; to charge with a crime or a dishonorable act. +[Archaic] +5. To affect or infect, as with physical or mental disease +or with moral contagion; to taint or corrupt. +My tender youth was never yet attaint +With any passion of inflaming love. +Shak. +6. To stain; to obscure; to sully; to disgrace; to cloud +with infamy. +For so exceeding shone his glistring ray, +That Ph?bus' golden face it did attaint. +Spenser. +Lest she with blame her honor should attaint. +Spenser. +AtOtaint6, p. p. Attainted; corrupted. [Obs.] +Shak. +AtOtaint6, n. [OF. attainte. See Attaint, v.] 1. A touch or +hit. +Sir W. Scott. +2. (Far.) A blow or wound on the leg of a horse, made by +overreaching. +White. +3. (Law) A writ which lies after judgment, to inquire +whether a jury has given a false verdict in any court of +record; also, the convicting of the jury so tried. +Bouvier. +4. A stain or taint; disgrace. See Taint. +Shak. +5. An infecting influence. [R.] +Shak. +AtOtain6ment (?), n. Attainder; attainture; conviction. +AtOtain6ture (?), n. Attainder; disgrace. +At6tal (?), n. Same as Attle. +AtOtame6 (?), v. t. [OF. atamer, from Latin. See +Attaminate.] 1. To pierce; to attack. [Obs.] +2. To broach; to begin. +And right anon his tale he hath attamed. +Chaucer. +AtOtam6iOnate (?), v. t. [L. attaminare; ad + root of +tangere. See Contaminate.] To corrupt; to defile; to +contaminate. [Obs.] +Blount. +At6tar (?), n. [Per. 'atar perfume, essence, Ar. 'itr, fr. +'atara to smell sweet. Cf. Otto.] A fragrant essential oil; +esp., a volatile and highly fragrant essential oil obtained +from the petals of roses. [Also written otto and ottar.] +AtOtask6 (?), v. t. [Pref. aO + task.] To take to task; to +blame. +Shak. +AtOtaste (?), v. t. [Pref. aO + taste.] To taste or cause to +taste. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +At6te (?). At the. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AtOtem6per (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Attempered (?); p. pr. & +vb. n. Attempering.] [OF. atemprer, fr. L. attemperare; ad + +temperare to soften, temper. See Temper, and cf. +Attemperate.] 1. To reduce, modify, or moderate, by mixture; +to temper; to regulate, as temperature. +If sweet with bitter... were not attempered still. +Trench. +2. To soften, mollify, or moderate; to soothe; to temper; +as, to attemper rigid justice with clemency. +3. To mix in just proportion; to regulate; as, a mind well +attempered with kindness and justice. +4. To accommodate; to make suitable; to adapt. +Arts... attempered to the lyre. +Pope. +5 This word is now not much used, the verb temper taking its +place. +AtOtem6perOaOment (?), n. [OF. attemprement.] A tempering, +or mixing in due proportion. +AtOtem6perOance (?), n. [Cf. OF. atemprance.] Temperance; +attemperament. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AtOtem6perOate (?), a. [L. attemperatus, p. p. of +attemperare. See Attemper.] Tempered; proportioned; properly +adapted. +Hope must be... attemperate to the promise. +Hammond. +AtOtem6perOate (?), v. t. To attemper. [Archaic] +AtOtem7perOa6tion (?), n. The act of attempering or +regulating. [Archaic] +Bacon. +AtOtem6perOly, adv. Temperately. [Obs.] +Chaucer. +AtOtem6perOment (?), n. Attemperament. +AtOtempt6 (?; 215), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Attempted; p. pr. & +vb. n. Attempting.] [OF. atenter, also spelt atempter, F. +attenter, fr. L. attentare to ~; ad + tentare, temptare, to +touch, try, v. intens. of tendere to stretch. See Tempt, and +cf. Attend.] 1. To make trial or experiment of; to try; to +endeavor to do or perform (some action); to assay; as, to +attempt to sing; to attempt a bold flight. +Something attempted, something done, +Has earned a night's repose. +Longfellow. +2. To try to move, by entreaty, by afflictions, or by +temptations; to tempt. [Obs. or Archaic]] +It made the laughter of an afternoon +That Vivien should attempt the blameless king. +Thackeray. +3. To try to win, subdue, or overcome; as, one who attempts +the virtue of a woman. +Dear sir, of force I must attempt you further: +Take some remembrance of us, as a tribute. +Shak. +4. To attack; to make an effort or attack upon; to try to +take by force; as, to attempt the enemy's camp. +Without attempting his adversary's life. +Motley. +Syn. - See Try. +AtPtempt6, v. i. To make an ~; P with upon. [Obs.] +Sir T. Browne. +AtOtempt6, n. A essay, trial, or endeavor; an undertaking; +an attack, or an effort to gain a point; esp. an +unsuccessful, as contrasted with a successful, effort. +By his blindness maimed for high attempts. +Milton. +Attempt to commit a crime (Law), such an intentional +preparatory act as will apparently result, if not +extrinsically hindered, in a crime which it was designed to +effect. +Wharton. +Syn. - Attempt, Endeavor, Effort, Exertion, Trial. These +words agree in the idea of calling forth our powers into +action. Trial is the generic term; it denotes a putting +forth of one's powers with a view to determine what they can +accomplish; as, to make trial of one's strength. An attempt +is always directed to some definite and specific object; as, +=The attempt, and not the deed, confounds us.8 Shak. Am +endeavor is a continued ~; as, =His high endeavor and his +glad success.8 Cowper. Effort is a specific putting forth of +strength in order to carry out an ~. Exertion is the putting +forth or active exercise of any faculty or power. =It +admits of all degrees of effort and even natural action +without effort.8 C. J. Smith. See Try. +AtOtemp6aOble (?), a.Capable of being attempted, tried, or +attacked. +Shak. +AtOtemp6er (?; 215), n. 1. One who attempts; one who essays +anything. +2. An assailant; also, a temper. [Obs.] +AtOtempt6ive (?), a. Disposed to attempt; adventurous. +[Obs.] +Daniel. +AtOtend6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Attended; p. pr. & vb. n. +Attending.] [OE. atenden, OF. atendre, F. attendre, to +expect, to wait, fr. L. attendre to stretch, (sc. animum), +to apply the mind to; ad + tendere to stretch. See Tend.] 1. +To direct the attention to; to fix the mind upon; to give +heed to; to regard. [Obs.] +The diligent pilot in a dangerous tempest doth not attend +the unskillful words of the passenger. +Sir P. Sidney. +2. To care for; to look after; to take charge of; to watch +over. +3. To go or stay with, as a companion, nurse, or servant; to +visit professionally, as a physician; to accompany or follow +in order to do service; to escort; to wait on; to serve. +The fifth had charge sick persons to attend. +Spenser. +Attends the emperor in his royal court. +Shak. +With a sore heart and a gloomy brow, he prepared to attend +William thither. +Macaulay. +4. To be present with; to accompany; to be united or +consequent to; as, a measure attended with ill effects. +What cares must then attend the toiling swain. +Dryden. +5. To be present at; as, to attend church, school, a +concert, a business meeting. +6. To wait for; to await; to remain, abide, or be in store +for. [Obs.] +The state that attends all men after this. +Locke. +Three days I promised to attend my doom. +Dryden. + +Syn. - To Attend, Mind, Regard, Heed, Notice. Attend is +generic, the rest are specific terms. To mind is to ~ so +that it may not be forgotten; to regard is to look on a +thing as of importance; to heed is to ~ to a thing from a +principle of caution; to notice is to think on that which +strikes the senses. Crabb. See Accompany. +AtOtend6 (?), v. i. 1. To apply the mind, or pay attention, +with a view to perceive, understand, or comply; to pay +regard; to heed; to listen; P usually followed by to. +Attend to the voice of my supplications. +Ps. lxxxvi. 6. +Man can not at the same time attend to two objects. +Jer. Taylor. +2. To accompany or be present or near at hand, in pursuance +of duty; to be ready for service; to wait or be in waiting; +P often followed by on or upon. +He was required to attend upon the committee. +Clarendon. +3. (with to) To take charge of; to look after; as, to attend +to a matter of business. +4. To wait; to stay; to delay. [Obs.] +For this perfection she must yet attend, +Till to her Maker she espoused be. +Sir J. Davies. +Syn. - To Attend, Listen, Hearken. We attend with a view to +hear and learn; we listen with fixed attention, in order to +hear correctly, or to consider what has been said; we +hearken when we listen with a willing mind, and in reference +to obeying. +AtOtend6ance (?), n. [OE. attendance, OF. atendance, fr. +atendre, F. attendre. See Attend, v. t.] 1. Attention; +regard; careful application. [Obs.] +Till I come, give attendance to reading. +1 Tim. iv. 13. +2. The act of attending; state of being in waiting; service; +ministry; the fact of being present; presence. +Constant attendance at church three times a day. +Fielding. +3. Waiting for; expectation. [Obs.] +Languishing attendance and expectation of death. +Hooker. +4. The persons attending; a retinue; attendants. +If your stray attendance by yet lodged. +Milton. +AtOtend6anOcy (?), n. The quality of attending or +accompanying; attendance; an attendant. [Obs.] +AtOtend6ant (?), a. [F. attendant, p. pr. of attendre. See +Attend, v. t.] 1. Being present, or in the train; +accompanying; in waiting. +From the attendant flotilla rang notes triumph. +Sir W. Scott. +Cherub and Seraph... attendant on their Lord. +Milton. +2. Accompanying, connected with, or immediately following, +as consequential; consequent; as, intemperance with all its +attendant evils. +The natural melancholy attendant upon his situation added to +the gloom of the owner of the mansion. +Sir W. Scott. +3. (Law) Depending on, or owing duty or service to; as, the +widow attendant to the heir. +Cowell. +Attendant keys (Mus.), the keys or scales most nearly +related to, or having most in common with, the principal +key; those, namely, of its fifth above, or dominant, its +fifth below (fourth above), or subdominant, and its relative +minor or major. +AtOtend6ant, n. 1. One who attends or accompanies in any +character whatever, as a friend, companion, servant, agent, +or suitor. =A train of attendants.8 +Hallam. +2. One who is present and takes part in the proceedings; as, +an attendant at a meeting. +3. That which accompanies; a concomitant. +[A] sense of fame, the attendant of noble spirits. +Pope. +4. (Law) One who owes duty or service to, or depends on, +another. +Cowell. +AtOtend6eOment (?), n. Intent. [Obs.] +Spenser. +AtOtend6er (?), n. One who, or that which, attends. +AtOtend6ment (?), n. [Cf. OF. atendement.] An attendant +circumstance. [Obs.] +The uncomfortable attendments of hell. +Sir T. Browne. +AtOtent6 (?), a. [L. attentus, p. p. of attendere. See +Attend, v. t.] Attentive; heedful. [Archaic] +Let thine ears be attent unto the prayer. +2 Chron. vi. 40. +AtOtent6, n. Attention; heed. [Obs.] +Spenser. +AtOten6tate (?), AtOten6tat (?), } n. [L. attentatum, pl. +attentata, fr. attentare to attempt: cf. F. attentat +criminal attempt. See Attempt.] 1. An attempt; an assault. +[Obs.] +Bacon. +2. (Law) (a) A proceeding in a court of judicature, after an +inhibition is decreed. (b) Any step wrongly innovated or +attempted in a suit by an inferior judge. +AtOten6tion (?), n. [L. attentio: cf. F. attention.] 1. The +act or state of attending or heeding; the application of the +mind to any object of sense, representation, or thought; +notice; exclusive or special consideration; earnest +consideration, thought, or regard; obedient or affectionate +heed; the supposed power or faculty of attending. + + <-- p. 99 --> + +They say the tongues of dying men +Enforce attention like deep harmony. +Shak. +5 Attention is consciousness and something more. It is +consciousness voluntarily applied, under its law of +limitations, to some determinate object; it is consciousness +concentrated. +Sir W. Hamilton. +2. An act of civility or courtesy; care for the comfort and +pleasure of others; as, attentions paid to a stranger. +To pay attention to, To pay one's attentions to, or +courteous or attentive to; to wait upon as a lover; to +court. +Syn. - Care; heed; study; consideration; application; +advertence; respect; regard. +AtOten6tive (?), a. [Cf. F. attentif.] 1. Heedful; intent; +observant; regarding with care or attention. +5 Attentive is applied to the senses of hearing and seeing, +as, an attentive ear or eye; to the application of the mind, +as in contemplation; or to the application of the mind, in +every possible sense, as when a person is attentive to the +words, and to the manner and matter, of a speaker at the +same time. +2. Heedful of the comfort of others; courteous. +Syn. - Heedful; intent; observant; mindful; regardful; +circumspect; watchful. +P AtOten6tiveOly, adv. P AtOten6tiveOness, n. +AtOtent6ly, adv. Attentively. [Obs.] +Barrow. +AtOten6uOant (?), a. [L. attenuans, p. pr. of attenuare: cf. +F. attnuant. See Attenuate.] Making thin, as fluids; +diluting; rendering less dense and viscid; diluent. P n. +(Med.) A medicine that thins or dilutes the fluids; a +diluent. +AtOten6uOate (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Attenuated (?); p. pr. +& vb. n. Attenuating (?).] [L. attenuatus, p. p. of +attenuare; ad + tenuare to make thin, tenuis thin. See +Thin.] 1. To make thin or slender, as by mechanical or +chemical action upon inanimate objects, or by the effects of +starvation, disease, etc., upon living bodies. +2. To make thin or less consistent; to render less viscid or +dense; to rarefy. Specifically: To subtilize, as the humors +of the body, or to break them into finer parts. +3. To lessen the amount, force, or value of; to make less +complex; to weaken. +To undersell our rivals... has led the manufacturer to... +attenuate his processes, in the allotment of tasks, to an +extreme point. +I. Taylor. +We may reject and reject till we attenuate history into +sapless meagerness. +Sir F. Palgrave. +AtOten6uOate, v. i. To become thin, slender, or fine; to +grow less; to lessen. +The attention attenuates as its sphere contracts. +Coleridge. +AtOten6uOate (?), AtOten6uOa7ted (?), } a. [L. attenuatus, +p. p.] 1. Made thin or slender. +2. Made thin or less viscid; rarefied. +Bacon. +AtOten7uOa6tion (?), n. [L. attenuatio: cf. F. attnuation.] +1. The act or process of making slender, or the state of +being slender; emaciation. +2. The act of attenuating; the act of making thin or less +dense, or of rarefying, as fluids or gases. +3. The process of weakening in intensity; diminution of +virulence; as, the attenuation of virus. +At6ter (?), n. [AS. ?tter.] Poison; venom; corrupt matter +from a sore. [Obs.] +Holland. +At6terOcop (?), n. [AS. attercoppa a spider; ?tter poison + +coppa head, cup.] 1. A spider. [Obs.] +2. A peevish, illPnatured person. [North of Eng.] +AtOterOrate (?), v. t. [It. atterrare (cf. LL. atterrare to +cast to earth); L. ad + terra earth, land.] To fill up with +alluvial earth. [Obs.] +Ray. +At7terOra6tion (?), n. The act of filling up with earth, or +of forming land with alluvial earth. [Obs.] +At6test6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Attested; p. pr. & vb. n. +Attesting.] [L. attestari; ad + testari to bear witness: cf. +F. attester.] 1. To bear witness to; to certify; to affirm +to be true or genuine; as, to attest the truth of a writing, +a copy of record. +Facts... attested by particular pagan authors. +Addison. +2. To give proof of; to manifest; as, the ruins of Palmyra +attest its ancient magnificence. +3. To call to witness; to invoke. [Archaic] +The sacred streams which Heaven's imperial state +Attests in oaths, and fears to violate. +Dryden. +AtOtest6, n. Witness; testimony; attestation. [R.] +The attest of eyes and ears. +Shak. +At7tesOta6tion (?), n. [L. attestatio: cf. F. attestation.] +The act of attesting; testimony; witness; a solemn or +official declaration, verbal or written, in support of a +fact; evidence. The truth appears from the attestation of +witnesses, or of the proper officer. The subscription of a +name to a writing as a witness, is an attestation. +AtOtest6aOtive (?), a. Of the nature of attestation. +AtOtest6er (?), AtOtest6or (?), } n. One who attests. +AtOtest6ive (?), a. Attesting; furnishing evidence. +At6tic (?), a. [L. Atticus, Gr. ?.] Of or pertaining to +Attica, in Greece, or to Athens, its principal city; marked +by such qualities as were characteristic of the Athenians; +classical; refined. +w base 9Arch.), a peculiar form of molded base for a column +or pilaster, described by Vitruvius, applied under the Roman +Empire to the Ionic and Corinthian and =Roman Doric8 orders, +and imitated by the architects of the Renaissance. P Attic +faith, inviolable faith. P Attic purity, special purity of +language. P Attic salt, Attic wit, a poignant, delicate wit, +peculiar to the Athenians. P Attic story. See Attic, n. P +Attic style, a style pure and elegant. +At6tic, n. [In sense (a) from F. attique, orig. meaning +Attic. See Attic, a.] 1. (Arch.) (a) A low story above the +main order or orders of a facade, in the classical styles; P +a term introduced in the 17th century. Hence: (b) A room or +rooms behind that part of the exterior; all the rooms +immediately below the roof. +2. An Athenian; am Athenian author. +At6ticOal (?), a. Attic. [Obs.] +Hammond. +At6tiOcism (?), n. [Gr. ?.] 1. A favoring of, or attachment +to, the Athenians. +2. The style and idiom of the Greek language, used by the +Athenians; a concise and elegant expression. +At6tiOcize (?), v. t. [Gr. ?.] To conform or make +conformable to the language, customs, etc., of Attica. +At6tiOcize, v. i. 1. To side with the Athenians. +2. To use the Attic idiom or style; to conform to the +customs or modes of thought of the Athenians. +AtOtig6uOous (?), a. [L. attiguus, fr. attingere to touch. +See Attain.] Touching; bordering; contiguous. [Obs.] P +AtOtig6uOousOness, n.[Obs.] +AtOtinge6 (?), v. t. [L. attingere to touch. See Attain.] To +touch lightly. [Obs.] +Coles. +AtOtire6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Attired (?); p. pr. & vb. +n. Attiring.] [OE. atiren to array, dispose, arrange, OF. +atirier; (L. ad) + F. tire rank, order, row; of Ger. +origin: cf. As. tier row, OHG. ziarF, G. zier, ornament, +zieren to adorn. Cf. Tire a headdress.] To dress; to array; +to adorn; esp., to clothe with elegant or splendid garments. +Finely attired in a robe of white. +Shak. +With the linen miter shall he be attired. +Lev. xvi. 4. +AtOtire6, n. 1. Dress; clothes; headdress; anything which +dresses or adorns; esp., ornamental clothing. +Earth in her rich attire. +Milton. +I 'll put myself in poor and mean attire. +Shak. +Can a maid forget her ornament, or a bride her attire? +Jer. ii. 32. +2. The antlers, or antlers and scalp, of a stag or buck. +3. (Bot.) The internal parts of a flower, included within +the calyx and the corolla. [Obs.] +Johnson. +AtOtired6 (?), p. p. (Her.) Provided with antlers, as a +stag. +AtOtire6ment (?), n. Attire; adornment. +AtOtir6er (?), n. One who attires. +At6tiOtude (?), n. [It. attitudine, LL. aptitudo, fr. L. +aptus suited, fitted: cf. F. attitude. Cf. Aptitude.] 1. +(Paint. & Sculp.) The posture, action, or disposition of a +figure or a statue. +2. The posture or position of a person or an animal, or the +manner in which the parts of his body are disposed; position +assumed or studied to serve a purpose; as, a threatening +attitude; an attitude of entreaty. +3. Fig.: Position as indicating action, feeling, or mood; +as, in times of trouble let a nation preserve a firm +attitude; one's mental attitude in respect to religion. +The attitude of the country was rapidly changing. +J. R. Green. +To strike an attitude, to take an ~ for mere effect. +Syn. - Attitude, Posture. Both of these words describe the +visible disposition of the limbs. Posture relates to their +position merely; attitude refers to their fitness for some +specific object. The object of an attitude is to set forth +exhibit some internal feeling; as, attitude of wonder, of +admiration, of grief, etc. It is, therefore, essentially and +designedly expressive. Its object is the same with that of +gesture; viz., to hold forth and represent. Posture has no +such design. If we speak of posture in prayer, or the +posture of devotion, it is only the natural disposition of +the limbs, without any intention to show forth or exhibit. +'T is business of a painter in his choice of attitudes +(positur) to foresee the effect and harmony of the lights +and shadows. +Dryden. +Never to keep the body in the same posture half and hour at +a time. +Bacon. +At7tiOtu6diOnal (?), a. Relating to attitude. +At7tiOtu7diOna6riOan (?), n. One who attitudinizes; a +posture maker. +At7tiOtu7diOna6riOanOism (?), n. A practicing of attitudes; +posture making. +At7tiOtu6diOnize (?), v. i. To assume affected attitudes; to +strike an attitude; to pose. +Maria, who is the most picturesque figure, was put to +attitudinize at the harp. +Hannah More. +At7tiOtu6diOni7zer (?), n One who practices attitudes. +At6tle (?), n. [Cf. Addle mire.] (Mining) Rubbish or refuse +consisting of broken rock containing little or no ore. +Weale. +AtOtol6lent (?), a. [L. attollens, p. pr. of attollere; ad + +tollere to lift.] Lifting up; raising; as, an attollent +muscle. +Derham. +AtOtonce6 (?), adv. [At + once.] At once; together. [Obs.] +Spenser. +AtOtone6 (?), adv. See At one. [Obs.] +AtOtorn6 (?), v. i. [OF. atorner, aturner, atourner, to +direct, prepare, dispose, attorn (cf. OE. atornen to return, +adorn); ? (L. ad) + torner to turn; cf. LL. attornare to +commit business to another, to attorn; ad + tornare to turn, +L. tornare to turn in a lathe, to round off. See Turn, v. +t.] 1. (Feudal Law) To turn, or transfer homage and service, +from one lord to another. This is the act of feudatories, +vassals, or tenants, upon the alienation of the state. +Blackstone. +2. (Modern Law) To agree to become tenant to one to whom +reversion has been granted. +AtOtor6ney (?), n. pl. Attorneys (?). [OE. aturneye, OF. +atorn, p. p. of atorner: cf. LL. atturnatus, attornatus, +fr. attornare. See Attorn.] 1. A substitute; a proxy; an +agent. [Obs.] +And will have no attorney but myself. +Shak. +2. (Law) (a) One who is legally appointed by another to +transact any business for him; an attorney in fact. (b) A +legal agent qualified to act for suitors and defendants in +legal proceedings; an attorney at law. +5 An ~ is either public or private. A private attorney, or +an attorney in fact, is a person appointed by another, by a +letter or power of ~, to transact any business for him out +of court; but in a more extended sense, this class includes +any agent employed in any business, or to do any act in +pais, for another. A public attorney, or attorney at law, is +a practitioner in a court of law, legally qualified to +prosecute and defend actions in such court, on the retainer +of clients. Bouvier. P The attorney at law to the procurator +of the civilians, to the solicitor in chancery, and to the +proctor in the ecclesiastical and admiralty courts, and all +of these are comprehended under the more general term +lawyer. In Great Britain and in some states of the United +States, attorneys are distinguished from counselors in that +the business of the former is to carry on the practical and +formal parts of the suit. In many states of the United +States however, no such distinction exists. In England, +since 1873, attorneys at law are by statute called +solicitors. +A power, or warrant, of ~, a written authority from one +person empowering another transact business for him. +AtOtor6ney (?), v. t. To perform by proxy; to employ as a +proxy. [Obs.] +Shak. +AtOtor6neyPgen6erOal (?), n.; pl. AttorneyPgenerals (?) or +AttorneysPgeneral. (Law) The chief law officer of the state, +empowered to act in all litigation in which the +lawPexecuting power is a party, and to advise this supreme +executive whenever required. +Wharton. +AtOtor6neyOism (?), n. The practice or peculiar cleverness +of attorneys. +AtOtor6neyOship, n. The office or profession of an attorney; +agency for another. +Shak. +AtOtorn6ment (?), n. [OF. attornement, LL. attornamentum. +See Attorn.] (Law) The act of a feudatory, vassal, or +tenant, by which he consents, upon the alienation of an +estate, to receive a new lord or superior, ad transfers to +him his homage and service; the agreement of a tenant to +acknowledge the purchaser of the estate as his landlord. +Burrill. Blackstone. +AtOtract6 (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Attracted; p. pr. & vb. +n. Attracting.] [L. attractus, p. p. of attrahere; ad + +trahere to draw. See Trace, v. t.] 1. To draw to, or cause +to tend to; esp. to cause to approach, adhere, or combine; +or to cause to resist divulsion, separation, or +decomposition. +All bodies and all parts of bodies mutually attract +themselves and one another. +Derham. +2. To draw by influence of a moral or emotional kind; to +engage or fix, as the mind, attention, etc.; to invite or +allure; as, to attract admirers. +Attracted by thy beauty still to gaze. +Milton. +Syn. - To draw; allure; invite; entice; influence. +AtOtract6, n. Attraction. [Obs.] +Hudibras. +AtOtract7aObil6iOty (?), n. The quality or fact of being +attractable. +Sir W. Jones. +AtOtract6aOble (?), a. Capable of being attracted; subject +to attraction. P AtOtract6aObleOness, n. +AtOtract6er (?), n. One who, or that which, attracts. +AtOtract6ile (?), a. Having power to attract. +AtOtract6ing, a. That attracts. P AtOtract6ingOly, adv. +AtOtrac6tion (?), n. [L. attractio: cf. F. attraction.] 1. +(Physics) An invisible power in a body by which it drawn +anything to itself; the power in nature acting mutually +between bodies or ultimate particles, tending to draw them +together, or to produce their cohesion or combination, and +conversely resisting separation. +5 Attraction is exerted at both sensible and +insensibledistances, and is variously denominated according +to its qualities or phenomena. Under ~ at sensible +distances, there are, P +(1.) w of gravitation, which acts at all distances +throughout the universe, with a force proportional directly +to the product of the masses of the bodies and inversely to +the square of their distances apart. +(2.) Magnetic, diamagnetic, and electrical attraction, each +of which is limited in its sensible range and is polar in +its action, a property dependent on the quality or condition +of matter, and not on its quantity. +Under ~ at insensible distances, there are. P +(1.) Adhesive attraction, ~ between surfaces of sensible +extent, or by the medium of an intervening substance. +(2.) Cohesive attraction, ~ between ultimate particles, +whether like or unlike, and causing simply an aggregation or +a union of those particles, as in the absorption of gases by +charcoal, or of oxygen by spongy platinum, or the process of +solidification or crystallization. The power in adhesive ~ +is strictly the same as that of cohesion. +(3.) Capillary attraction, ~ causing a liquid to rise, in +capillary tubes or interstices, above its level outside, as +in very small glass tubes, or a sponge, or any porous +substance, when one end is inserted in the liquid. It is a +special case of cohesive ~. +(4.) Chemical attraction, or affinity, that peculiar force +which causes elementary atoms, or groups of atoms, to unite +to form molecules. +2. The act or property of attracting; the effect of the +power or operation of ~. +Newton. +3. The power or act of alluring, drawing to, inviting, or +engaging; an attractive quality; as, the attraction of +beauty or eloquence. +4. That which attracts; an attractive object or feature. +Syn. - Allurement; enticement; charm. +AtOtract6ive (?), a. [Cf. F. attractif.] 1.Having the power +or quality of attracting or drawing; as, the attractive +force of bodies. +Sir I. Newton. +2. Attracting or drawing by moral influence or pleasurable +emotion; alluring; inviting; pleasing. =Attractive graces.8 +Milton. =Attractive eyes.8 +Thackeray. +Flowers of a livid yellow, or fleshy color, are most +attractive to flies. +Lubbock. +P AtOtract6iveOly, adv. P AtOtract6iveOness, n. +AtOtract6ive, n. That which attracts or draws; an +attraction; an allurement. +Speaks nothing but attractives and invitation. +South. + +<-- p. 100 --> + + + + diff --git a/old/wbstr10a.zip b/old/wbstr10a.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..93287c3 --- /dev/null +++ b/old/wbstr10a.zip diff --git a/old/wbstr11a.zip b/old/wbstr11a.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..bf479d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/old/wbstr11a.zip |