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| author | pgww <pgww@lists.pglaf.org> | 2025-08-26 04:34:48 -0700 |
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| committer | pgww <pgww@lists.pglaf.org> | 2025-08-26 04:34:48 -0700 |
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diff --git a/2456-h/2456-h.htm b/2456-h/2456-h.htm index 354282e..321e9d4 100644 --- a/2456-h/2456-h.htm +++ b/2456-h/2456-h.htm @@ -1,17 +1,11 @@ -<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?> - -<!DOCTYPE html - PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" - "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd" > - -<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en"> +<!DOCTYPE html> +<html lang="en"> <head> - <title> - The History of Herodotus, Volume 2 by Herodotus - </title> - <style type="text/css" xml:space="preserve"> + <meta charset="utf-8"> + <title>The History of Herodotus, Volume 2 | Project Gutenberg</title> + <style> - body { margin:5%; background:#faebd0; text-align:justify} + body { margin:5%; text-align:justify} P { text-indent: 1em; margin-top: .25em; margin-bottom: .25em; } H1,H2,H3,H4,H5,H6 { text-align: center; margin-left: 15%; margin-right: 15%; } hr { width: 50%; text-align: center;} @@ -32,79 +26,45 @@ </style> </head> <body> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> - -The Project Gutenberg EBook of The History Of Herodotus, by Herodotus - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: The History Of Herodotus - Volume 2 (of 2) - -Author: Herodotus - -Translator: G. C. Macaulay - -Release Date: December 1, 2008 [EBook #2456] -[Last updated: July 20, 2014] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE HISTORY OF HERODOTUS *** +<div style='text-align:center'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 2456 ***</div> - - - -Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger - - - - - -</pre> <p> - <br /><br /> + <br ><br > </p> <h1> THE HISTORY OF HERODOTUS </h1> <p> - <br /> + <br > </p> <h2> By Herodotus </h2> <p> - <br /><br /> + <br ><br > </p> <h3> Translated into English by G. C. Macaulay </h3> <p> - <br /><br /> + <br ><br > </p> <h4> - IN TWO VOLUMES <br /><br /> VOL. II. + IN TWO VOLUMES <br ><br > VOL. II. </h4> <p> - <br /><br /> + <br ><br > </p> <h5> {e Herodotou diathesis en apasin epieikes, kai tois men agathois sunedomene, tois de kakois sunalgousa}.—Dion. Halic. </h5> <p> - <br /> <br /> + <br > <br > </p> - <hr /> + <hr > <p> - <br /> <br /> + <br > <br > </p> <h2> Contents @@ -114,13 +74,13 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <a href="#link2H_4_0001"> PREPARER'S NOTE </a> </p> <p> - <br /> + <br > </p> <p class="toc"> <a href="#link2H_4_0002"> <b>THE HISTORY OF HERODOTUS</b> </a> </p> <p> - <br /> + <br > </p> <p class="toc"> <a href="#link2H_4_0003"> <b>BOOK V. THE FIFTH BOOK OF THE HISTORIES, @@ -130,7 +90,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <a href="#link2H_NOTE"> NOTES TO BOOK V </a> </p> <p> - <br /> + <br > </p> <p class="toc"> <a href="#link62H_4_0001"> BOOK VI. THE SIXTH BOOK OF THE HISTORIES, @@ -140,7 +100,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <a href="#link62H_NOTE"> NOTES TO BOOK VI. </a> </p> <p> - <br /> + <br > </p> <p class="toc"> <a href="#link72H_4_0001"> BOOK VII. THE SEVENTH BOOK OF THE HISTORIES, @@ -150,7 +110,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <a href="#link72H_NOTE"> NOTES TO BOOK VII </a> </p> <p> - <br /> + <br > </p> <p class="toc"> <a href="#link82H_4_0001"> BOOK VIII. THE EIGHTH BOOK OF THE HISTORIES, @@ -160,7 +120,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <a href="#link82H_NOTE"> NOTES TO BOOK VIII </a> </p> <p> - <br /> + <br > </p> <p class="toc"> <a href="#link92H_4_0001"> <b>BOOK IX. THE NINTH BOOK OF THE HISTORIES, @@ -171,11 +131,11 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> </blockquote> <p> - <br /> <br /> + <br > <br > </p> - <hr /> + <hr > <p> - <br /> <br /> <a name="link2H_4_0001" id="link2H_4_0001"> + <br > <br > <a id="link2H_4_0001"> <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> </p> <div class="mynote"> @@ -190,25 +150,25 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Greek text has been transliterated and marked with brackets, as in the opening citation above. </p> - <br /> + <br > </div> <p> - <br /> <br /> + <br > <br > </p> - <hr /> + <hr > <p> - <br /> <br /> <a name="link2H_4_0002" id="link2H_4_0002"> + <br > <br > <a id="link2H_4_0002"> <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> </p> <h1> THE HISTORY OF HERODOTUS </h1> <p> - <a name="link2H_4_0003" id="link2H_4_0003"> + <a id="link2H_4_0003"> <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> </p> <div style="height: 4em;"> - <br /><br /><br /><br /> + <br ><br ><br ><br > </div> <h2> BOOK V. THE FIFTH BOOK OF THE HISTORIES, CALLED TERPSICHORE @@ -228,8 +188,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger place in three different forms; for they matched a man against a man, and a horse against a horse, and a dog against a dog. Then, as the Perinthians were getting the better in two of the three, in their exultation they - raised a shout of <i>paion</i>, <a href="#linknote-1" name="linknoteref-1" - id="linknoteref-1">1</a> and the Paionians conjectured that this was the + raised a shout of <i>paion</i>, <a href="#linknote-1" id="linknoteref-1">1</a> and the Paionians conjectured that this was the very thing which was spoken of in the oracle, and said doubtless to one another, "Now surely the oracle is being accomplished for us, now it is time for us to act." So the Paionians attacked the Perinthians when they @@ -251,8 +210,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger the world: and if it should come to be ruled over by one man, or to agree together in one, it would be irresistible in fight and the strongest by far of all nations, in my opinion. Since however this is impossible for - them and cannot ever come to pass among them, <a href="#linknote-2" - name="linknoteref-2" id="linknoteref-2">2</a> they are in fact weak for + them and cannot ever come to pass among them, <a href="#linknote-2" id="linknoteref-2">2</a> they are in fact weak for that reason. They have many names, belonging to their various tribes in different places; but they all follow customs which are nearly the same in all respects, except the Getai and Trausians and those who dwell above the @@ -260,13 +218,12 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 4. Of these the practices of the Getai, who believe themselves to be - immortal, have been spoken of by me already: <a href="#linknote-3" - name="linknoteref-3" id="linknoteref-3">3</a> and the Trausians perform + immortal, have been spoken of by me already: <a href="#linknote-3" id="linknoteref-3">3</a> and the Trausians perform everything else in the same manner as the other Thracians, but in regard to those who are born and die among them they do as follows:—when a child has been born, the nearest of kin sit round it and make lamentation for all the evils of which he must fulfil the measure, now that he is - born, <a href="#linknote-301" name="linknoteref-301" id="linknoteref-301">301</a> + born, <a href="#linknote-301" id="linknoteref-301">301</a> enumerating the whole number of human ills; but when a man is dead, they cover him up in the earth with sport and rejoicing, saying at the same time from what great evils he has escaped and is now in perfect bliss. @@ -289,7 +246,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger over their wives they keep very great watch; and they buy their wives for great sums of money from their parents. To be pricked with figures is accounted a mark of noble rank, and not to be so marked is a sign of low - birth. <a href="#linknote-4" name="linknoteref-4" id="linknoteref-4">4</a> + birth. <a href="#linknote-4" id="linknoteref-4">4</a> Not to work is counted most honourable, and to be a worker of the soil is above all things dishonourable: to live on war and plunder is the most honourable thing. @@ -305,8 +262,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger consuming the body with fire or covering it up in the earth without burning; and afterwards when they have heaped up a mound they celebrate games with every kind of contest, in which reasonably the greatest prizes - are assigned for single combat. <a href="#linknote-5" name="linknoteref-5" - id="linknoteref-5">5</a> This is the manner of burial among the Thracians. + are assigned for single combat. <a href="#linknote-5" id="linknoteref-5">5</a> This is the manner of burial among the Thracians. </p> <p> 9. Of the region lying further on towards the North of this country no one @@ -339,12 +295,12 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 11. Meanwhile Dareios, so soon as he had crossed over the Hellespont and come to Sardis, called to mind the service rendered to him by Histiaios - the Milesian and also the advice of the Mytilenian Coës, and having sent + the Milesian and also the advice of the Mytilenian Coës, and having sent for them to come to Sardis he offered them a choice of rewards. Histiaios then, being despot of Miletos, did not make request for any government in addition to that, but he asked for the district of Myrkinos which belonged to the Edonians, desiring there to found a city. Histiaios chose this for - himself; but Coës, not being a despot but a man of the people, asked to be + himself; but Coës, not being a despot but a man of the people, asked to be made despot of Mitylene. </p> <p> @@ -410,15 +366,13 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger they heard that their cities were in the hands of the enemy, at once dispersed, each tribe to its own place of abode, and proceeded to deliver themselves up to the Persians. Thus then it happened that these tribes of - the Paionians, namely the Siropaionians, <a href="#linknote-6" - name="linknoteref-6" id="linknoteref-6">6</a> the Paioplians and all up to + the Paionians, namely the Siropaionians, <a href="#linknote-6" id="linknoteref-6">6</a> the Paioplians and all up to the lake Prasias, were removed from their place of habitation and brought to Asia; </p> <p> 16, but those who dwell about mount Pangaion, and about the Doberians and - Agrianians and Odomantians, <a href="#linknote-7" name="linknoteref-7" - id="linknoteref-7">7</a> and about the lake Prasias itself, were not + Agrianians and Odomantians, <a href="#linknote-7" id="linknoteref-7">7</a> and about the lake Prasias itself, were not conquered at all by Megabazos. He tried however to remove even those who lived in the lake and who had their dwellings in the following manner:—a platform fastened together and resting upon lofty piles stood in the @@ -430,8 +384,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger called Orbelos three piles for each wife and sets them as supports; and each man takes to himself many wives. And they have their dwelling thus, that is each man has possession of a hut upon the platform in which he - lives and of a trap-door <a href="#linknote-8" name="linknoteref-8" - id="linknoteref-8">8</a> leading through the platform down to the lake: + lives and of a trap-door <a href="#linknote-8" id="linknoteref-8">8</a> leading through the platform down to the lake: and their infant children they tie with a rope by the foot, for fear that they should roll into the water. To their horses and beasts of burden they give fish for fodder; and of fish there is so great quantity that if a man @@ -457,8 +410,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger king Dareios. This he was willing to give, and also he invited them to be his guests; and he prepared a magnificent dinner and received the Persians with friendly hospitality. Then when dinner was over, the Persians while - drinking pledges to one another <a href="#linknote-9" name="linknoteref-9" - id="linknoteref-9">9</a> said thus: "Macedonian guest-friend, it is the + drinking pledges to one another <a href="#linknote-9" id="linknoteref-9">9</a> said thus: "Macedonian guest-friend, it is the custom among us Persians, when we set forth a great dinner, then to bring in also our concubines and lawful wives to sit beside us. Do thou then, since thou didst readily receive us and dost now entertain us @@ -533,16 +485,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 22. Thus the death of these Persians was kept concealed. And that these descendants of Perdiccas are Hellenes, as they themselves say, I happen to know myself, and not only so, but I will prove in the succeeding history - that they are Hellenes. <a href="#linknote-10" name="linknoteref-10" - id="linknoteref-10">10</a> Moreover the Hellanodicai, who manage the games + that they are Hellenes. <a href="#linknote-10" id="linknoteref-10">10</a> Moreover the Hellanodicai, who manage the games at Olympia, decided that they were so: for when Alexander wished to contend in the games and had descended for this purpose into the arena, the Hellenes who were to run against him tried to exclude him, saying that the contest was not for Barbarians to contend in but for Hellenes: since however Alexander proved that he was of Argos, he was judged to be a Hellene, and when he entered the contest of the foot-race his lot came out - with that of the first. <a href="#linknote-11" name="linknoteref-11" - id="linknoteref-11">11</a> + with that of the first. <a href="#linknote-11" id="linknoteref-11">11</a> </p> <p> 23. Thus then it happened with regard to these things: and at the same @@ -568,7 +518,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 24. Thus saying Megabazos easily persuaded Dareios, who thought that he was a true prophet of that which was likely to come to pass: and upon that - Dareios sent a messenger to Myrkinos and said as follows: "Hisiaios, king + Dareios sent a messenger to Myrkinos and said as follows: "Histiaios, king Dareios saith these things:—By taking thought I find that there is no one more sincerely well disposed than thou art to me and to my power; and this I know having learnt by deeds not words. Now therefore, since I @@ -591,7 +541,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 25. Thus said Dareios, and having appointed Artaphrenes <a - href="#linknote-12" name="linknoteref-12" id="linknoteref-12">12</a> his + href="#linknote-12" id="linknoteref-12">12</a> his own brother and the son of his father to be governor of Sardis, he marched away to Susa taking with him Histiaios, after he had first named Otanes to be commander of those who dwelt along the sea coasts. This man's father @@ -613,25 +563,21 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 27. Of these the Lemnians fought well, and defending themselves for a long - time were at length brought to ruin; <a href="#linknote-13" - name="linknoteref-13" id="linknoteref-13">13</a> and over those of them + time were at length brought to ruin; <a href="#linknote-13" id="linknoteref-13">13</a> and over those of them who survived the Persians set as governor Lycaretos the brother of that Maiandrios who had been king of Samos. This Lycaretos ruled in Lemnos till - his death. And the cause of it <a href="#linknote-14" name="linknoteref-14" - id="linknoteref-14">14</a> was this:—he continued to reduce all to + his death. And the cause of it <a href="#linknote-14" id="linknoteref-14">14</a> was this:—he continued to reduce all to slavery and subdue them, accusing some of desertion to the Scythians and others of doing damage to the army of Dareios as it was coming back from Scythia. </p> <p> 28. Otanes then effected so much when he was made commander: and after - this for a short time there was an abatement <a href="#linknote-15" - name="linknoteref-15" id="linknoteref-15">15</a> of evils; and then again + this for a short time there was an abatement <a href="#linknote-15" id="linknoteref-15">15</a> of evils; and then again evils began a second time to fall upon the Ionians, arising from Naxos and Miletos. For Naxos was superior to all the other islands in wealth, and Miletos at the same time had just then come to the very height of its - prosperity and was the ornament <a href="#linknote-16" - name="linknoteref-16" id="linknoteref-16">16</a> of Ionia; but before + prosperity and was the ornament <a href="#linknote-16" id="linknoteref-16">16</a> of Ionia; but before these events for two generations of men it had been afflicted most violently by faction until the Parians reformed it; for these the Milesians chose of all the Hellenes to be reformers of their State.. @@ -654,9 +600,9 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 30. The Parians then had thus reformed the Milesians; but at the time of which I speak evils began to come to Ionia from these States <a - href="#linknote-17" name="linknoteref-17" id="linknoteref-17">17</a> in + href="#linknote-17" id="linknoteref-17">17</a> in the following manner:—From Naxos certain men of the wealthier class - <a href="#linknote-18" name="linknoteref-18" id="linknoteref-18">18</a> + <a href="#linknote-18" id="linknoteref-18">18</a> were driven into exile by the people, and having gone into exile they arrived at Miletos. Now of Miletos it happened that Aristagoras son of Molpagoras was ruler in charge, being both a son-in-law and also a cousin @@ -674,8 +620,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Naxians have an army which is eight thousand shields strong and many ships of war: but I will use every endeavour to devise a means; and my plan is this:—it chances that Artaphrenes is my friend: now Artaphrenes, ye - must know, <a href="#linknote-1801" name="linknoteref-1801" - id="linknoteref-1801">1801</a> is a son of Hystaspes and brother of + must know, <a href="#linknote-1801" id="linknoteref-1801">1801</a> is a son of Hystaspes and brother of Dareios the king; and he is ruler of all the people of the sea-coasts in Asia, with a great army and many ships. This man then I think will do whatsoever we shall request of him." Hearing this the Naxians gave over @@ -697,7 +642,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger conduct it should supply), and next thou wilt gain for the king not only Naxos itself but also the islands which are dependent upon it, Paros and Andros and the others which are called Cyclades; and setting out from - these thou wilt easily attack Euboea, an island which is large and wealth, + these thou wilt easily attack Euboea, an island which is large and wealthy, as large indeed as Cyprus, and very easy to conquer. To subdue all these a hundred ships are sufficient." He made answer in these words: "Thou makest thyself a reporter of good things to the house of the king; and in all @@ -729,8 +674,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger guards set in the several ships, it chanced that in a ship of Myndos there was no one on guard; and he being very angry bade his spearmen find out the commander of the ship, whose name was Skylax, and bind him in an - oar-hole of his ship in such a manner <a href="#linknote-19" - name="linknoteref-19" id="linknoteref-19">19</a> that his head should be + oar-hole of his ship in such a manner <a href="#linknote-19" id="linknoteref-19">19</a> that his head should be outside and his body within. When Skylax was thus bound, some one reported to Aristagoras that Megabates had bound his guest-friend of Myndos and was doing to him shameful outrage. He accordingly came and asked the Persian @@ -749,7 +693,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger be against them: but when they were informed of it, forthwith they brought within the wall the property which was in the fields, and provided for themselves food and drink as for a siege, and strengthened their wall. <a - href="#linknote-20" name="linknoteref-20" id="linknoteref-20">20</a> These + href="#linknote-20" id="linknoteref-20">20</a> These then were making preparations as for war to come upon them; and the others meanwhile having passed their ships over from Chios to Naxos, found them well defended when they made their attack, and besieged them for four @@ -767,7 +711,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger supposed that he would be deprived of his rule over Miletos. Having all these various fears he began to make plans of revolt: for it happened also that just at this time the man who had been marked upon the head had come - from Hisiaios who was at Susa, signifying that Aristagoras should revolt + from Histiaios who was at Susa, signifying that Aristagoras should revolt from the king. For Histiaios, desiring to signify to Aristagoras that he should revolt, was not able to do it safely in any other way, because the roads were guarded, but shaved off the hair of the most faithful of his @@ -779,14 +723,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger thing Histiaios was doing, because he was greatly vexed by being detained at Susa. He had great hopes then that if a revolt occurred he would be let go to the sea-coast; but if no change was made at Miletos <a - href="#linknote-2001" name="linknoteref-2001" id="linknoteref-2001">2001</a> + href="#linknote-2001" id="linknoteref-2001">2001</a> he had no expectation of ever returning thither again. </p> <p> - 36. Accordingly Hisiaios with this intention was sending the messenger; + 36. Accordingly Histiaios with this intention was sending the messenger; and it chanced that all these things happened to Aristagoras together at the same time. He took counsel therefore with his partisans, declaring to - them both his own opinion and the message from Hisiaios; and while all the + them both his own opinion and the message from Histiaios; and while all the rest expressed an opinion to the same effect, urging him namely to make revolt, Hecataios the historian urged first that they should not undertake war with the king of the Persians, enumerating all the nations over whom @@ -795,14 +739,13 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger themselves masters of the sea. Now this, he continued, could not come to pass in any other way, so far as he could see, for he knew that the force of the Milesians was weak, but if the treasures should be taken <a - href="#linknote-21" name="linknoteref-21" id="linknoteref-21">21</a> which + href="#linknote-21" id="linknoteref-21">21</a> which were in the temple at Branchidai, which Croesus the Lydian dedicated as offerings, he had great hopes that they might become masters of the sea; and by this means they would not only themselves have wealth at their disposal, but the enemy would not be able to carry the things off as plunder. Now these treasures were of great value, as I have shown in the - first part of the history. <a href="#linknote-22" name="linknoteref-22" - id="linknoteref-22">22</a> This opinion did not prevail; but nevertheless + first part of the history. <a href="#linknote-22" id="linknoteref-22">22</a> This opinion did not prevail; but nevertheless it was resolved to make revolt, and that one of them should sail to Myus, to make the force which had returned from Naxos and was then there, and endeavour to seize the commanders who sailed in the ships.. @@ -810,12 +753,11 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 37. So Iatragoras was sent for this purpose and seized by craft Oliatos the son of Ibanollis of Mylasa, and Histiaios the son of Tymnes of - Termera, and Coës the son of Erxander, to whom Dareios had given Mytilene + Termera, and Coës the son of Erxander, to whom Dareios had given Mytilene as a gift, and Aristagoras the son of Heracleides of Kyme, and many others; and then Aristagoras openly made revolt and devised all that he could to the hurt of Dareios. And first he pretended to resign the - despotic power and give to Miletos equality, <a href="#linknote-23" - name="linknoteref-23" id="linknoteref-23">23</a> in order that the + despotic power and give to Miletos equality, <a href="#linknote-23" id="linknoteref-23">23</a> in order that the Milesians might be willing to revolt with him: then afterwards he proceeded to do this same thing in the rest of Ionia also; and some of the despots he drove out, but those whom he had taken from the ships which had @@ -824,7 +766,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger which each one came.. </p> <p> - 38. Now the men of Mitylene, so soon as they received Coës into their + 38. Now the men of Mitylene, so soon as they received Coës into their hands, brought him out and stoned him to death; but the men of Kyme let their despot go, and so also most of the others let them go. Thus then the despots were deposed in the various cities; and Aristagoras the Milesian, @@ -881,8 +823,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 42. Now Cleomenes, it is said, was not quite in his right senses but on - the verge of madness, <a href="#linknote-24" name="linknoteref-24" - id="linknoteref-24">24</a> while Dorieos was of all his equals in age the + the verge of madness, <a href="#linknote-24" id="linknoteref-24">24</a> while Dorieos was of all his equals in age the first, and felt assured that he would obtain the kingdom by merit. Seeing then that he had this opinion, when Anaxandrides died and the Lacedemonians followed the usual custom established the eldest, namely @@ -892,25 +833,22 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger either inquiring of the Oracle at Delphi to what land he should go to make a settlement, or doing any of the things which are usually done; but being vexed he sailed away with his ships to Libya, and the Theraians were his - guides thither. Then having come to Kinyps <a href="#linknote-25" - name="linknoteref-25" id="linknoteref-25">25</a> he made a settlement in + guides thither. Then having come to Kinyps <a href="#linknote-25" id="linknoteref-25">25</a> he made a settlement in the fairest spot of all Libya, along the banks of the river; but afterwards in the third year he was driven out from thence by the Macai - and the Libyans <a href="#linknote-26" name="linknoteref-26" - id="linknoteref-26">26</a> and the Carthaginians, and returned to + and the Libyans <a href="#linknote-26" id="linknoteref-26">26</a> and the Carthaginians, and returned to Peloponnesus.. </p> <p> 43. Then Antichares a man of Eleon gave him counsel out of the oracles of - Laïos to make a settlement at Heracleia <a href="#linknote-27" - name="linknoteref-27" id="linknoteref-27">27</a> in Sicily, saying that + Laïos to make a settlement at Heracleia <a href="#linknote-27" id="linknoteref-27">27</a> in Sicily, saying that the whole land of Eryx belonged to the Heracleidai, since Heracles himself had won it: and hearing this he went forthwith to Delphi to inquire of the Oracle whether he would be able to conquer the land to which he was setting forth; and the Pythian prophetess replied to him that he would conquer it. Dorieos therefore took with him the armament which he conducted before to Libya, and voyaged along the coast of Italy. <a - href="#linknote-28" name="linknoteref-28" id="linknoteref-28">28</a> + href="#linknote-28" id="linknoteref-28">28</a> </p> <p> 44. Now at this time, the men of Sybaris say that they and their king @@ -929,7 +867,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 45. Such, I say, are the tales which these tell, and they severally produce as evidence of them the following facts:—the Sybarites point to a sacred enclosure and temple by the side of the dried-up bed of the - Crathis, <a href="#linknote-29" name="linknoteref-29" id="linknoteref-29">29</a> + Crathis, <a href="#linknote-29" id="linknoteref-29">29</a> which they say that Dorieos, after he had joined in the capture of the city, set up to Athene surnamed "of the Crathis"; and besides they consider the death of Dorieos himself to be a very strong evidence, @@ -959,8 +897,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger deposed him, he laid hands himself upon the despotism in Selinus and became sole ruler there, though but for a short time; for the men of Selinus rose in revolt against him and slew him, notwithstanding that he - had fled for refuge to the altar of Zeus Agoraios. <a href="#linknote-30" - name="linknoteref-30" id="linknoteref-30">30</a> + had fled for refuge to the altar of Zeus Agoraios. <a href="#linknote-30" id="linknoteref-30">30</a> </p> <p> 47. There had accompanied Dorieos also and died with him Philip the son of @@ -984,8 +921,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 49. However, Aristagoras the despot of Miletos arrived at Sparta while Cleomenes was reigning: and accordingly with him he came to speech, having, as the Lacedemonians say, a tablet of bronze, on which was - engraved a map <a href="#linknote-31" name="linknoteref-31" - id="linknoteref-31">31</a> of the whole Earth, with all the sea and all + engraved a map <a href="#linknote-31" id="linknoteref-31">31</a> of the whole Earth, with all the sea and all the rivers. And when he came to speech with Cleomenes he said to him as follows: "Marvel not, Cleomenes, at my earnestness in coming hither, for the case is this.—That the sons of the Ionians should be slaves @@ -996,8 +932,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger the Barbarians are not valiant in fight, whereas ye have attained to the highest point of valour in that which relates to war: and their fighting is of this fashion, namely with bows and arrows and a short spear, and - they go into battle wearing trousers and with caps <a href="#linknote-32" - name="linknoteref-32" id="linknoteref-32">32</a> on their heads. Thus they + they go into battle wearing trousers and with caps <a href="#linknote-32" id="linknoteref-32">32</a> on their heads. Thus they are easily conquered. Then again they who occupy that continent have good things in such quantity as not all the other nations of the world together possess; first gold, then silver and bronze and embroidered garments and @@ -1005,16 +940,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger so desired. And the nations moreover dwell in such order one after the other as I shall declare:—the Ionians here; and next to them the Lydians, who not only dwell in a fertile land, but are also exceedingly - rich in gold and silver," <a href="#linknote-33" name="linknoteref-33" - id="linknoteref-33">33</a>—and as he said this he pointed to the map + rich in gold and silver," <a href="#linknote-33" id="linknoteref-33">33</a>—and as he said this he pointed to the map of the Earth, which he carried with him engraved upon the tablet,—"and here next to the Lydians," continued Aristagoras, "are the Eastern Phrygians, who have both the greatest number of sheep and cattle <a - href="#linknote-34" name="linknoteref-34" id="linknoteref-34">34</a> of + href="#linknote-34" id="linknoteref-34">34</a> of any people that I know, and also the most abundant crops. Next to the Phrygians are the Cappadokians, whom we call Syrians; and bordering upon - them are the Kilikians, coming down to this <a href="#linknote-35" - name="linknoteref-35" id="linknoteref-35">35</a> sea, in which lies the + them are the Kilikians, coming down to this <a href="#linknote-35" id="linknoteref-35">35</a> sea, in which lies the island of Cyprus here; and these pay five hundred talents to the king for their yearly tribute. Next to these Kilikians are the Armenians, whom thou mayest see here, and these also have great numbers of sheep and cattle. @@ -1024,8 +957,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger his residence, and where the money is laid up in treasuries. After ye have taken this city ye may then with good courage enter into a contest with Zeus in the matter of wealth. Nay, but can it be that ye feel yourselves - bound to take upon you the risk of <a href="#linknote-36" - name="linknoteref-36" id="linknoteref-36">36</a> battles against + bound to take upon you the risk of <a href="#linknote-36" id="linknoteref-36">36</a> battles against Messenians and Arcadians and Argives, who are equally matched against you, for the sake of land which is not much in extent nor very fertile, and for confines which are but small, though these peoples have neither gold nor @@ -1034,7 +966,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger it is possible for you easily to have the rule over all Asia?" Aristagoras spoke thus, and Cleomenes answered him saying: "Guest-friend from Miletos, I defer my answer to thee until the day after to-morrow." <a - href="#linknote-37" name="linknoteref-37" id="linknoteref-37">37</a> + href="#linknote-37" id="linknoteref-37">37</a> </p> <p> 50. Thus far then they advanced at that time; and when the appointed day @@ -1064,7 +996,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger when Cleomenes refused, Aristagoras went on increasing the sums of money offered, until at last he had promised fifty talents, and at that moment the child cried out: "Father, the stranger will do thee hurt, <a - href="#linknote-38" name="linknoteref-38" id="linknoteref-38">38</a> if + href="#linknote-38" id="linknoteref-38">38</a> if thou do not leave him and go." Cleomenes, then, pleased by the counsel of the child, departed into another room, and Aristagoras went away from Sparta altogether, and had no opportunity of explaining any further about @@ -1072,13 +1004,12 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 52. As regards this road the truth is as follows.—Everywhere there - are royal stages <a href="#linknote-39" name="linknoteref-39" - id="linknoteref-39">39</a> and excellent resting-places, and the whole + are royal stages <a href="#linknote-39" id="linknoteref-39">39</a> and excellent resting-places, and the whole road runs through country which is inhabited and safe. Through Lydia and Phrygia there extend twenty stages, amounting to ninety-four and a half - leagues; <a href="#linknote-40" name="linknoteref-40" id="linknoteref-40">40</a> + leagues; <a href="#linknote-40" id="linknoteref-40">40</a> and after Phrygia succeeds the river Halys, at which there is a gate <a - href="#linknote-4001" name="linknoteref-4001" id="linknoteref-4001">4001</a> + href="#linknote-4001" id="linknoteref-4001">4001</a> which one must needs pass through in order to cross the river, and a strong guard-post is established there. Then after crossing over into Cappadokia it is twenty-eight stages, being a hundred and four leagues, by @@ -1089,18 +1020,17 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Kilikia and Armenia is a navigable river called Euphrates. In Armenia the number of stages with resting-places is fifteen, and of leagues fifty-six and a half, and there is a guard-post on the way: then from Armenia, when - one enters the land of Matiene, <a href="#linknote-41" - name="linknoteref-41" id="linknoteref-41">41</a> there are thirty-four + one enters the land of Matiene, <a href="#linknote-41" id="linknoteref-41">41</a> there are thirty-four stages, amounting to a hundred and thirty-seven leagues; and through this land flow four navigable rivers, which cannot be crossed but by ferries, first the Tigris, then a second and third called both by the same name, <a - href="#linknote-42" name="linknoteref-42" id="linknoteref-42">42</a> + href="#linknote-42" id="linknoteref-42">42</a> though they are not the same river nor do they flow from the same region (for the first-mentioned of them flows from the Armenian land and the - other <a href="#linknote-43" name="linknoteref-43" id="linknoteref-43">43</a> + other <a href="#linknote-43" id="linknoteref-43">43</a> from that of the Matienians), and the fourth of the rivers is called Gyndes, the same which once Cyrus divided into three hundred and sixty - channels. <a href="#linknote-44" name="linknoteref-44" id="linknoteref-44">44</a> + channels. <a href="#linknote-44" id="linknoteref-44">44</a> Passing thence into the Kissian land, there are eleven stages, forty-two and a half leagues, to the river Choaspes, which is also a navigable stream; and upon this is built the city of Susa. The number of these @@ -1109,14 +1039,13 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 53. This is the number of stages with resting-places, as one goes up from Sardis to Susa: and if the royal road has been rightly measured as regards - leagues, and if the league <a href="#linknote-45" name="linknoteref-45" - id="linknoteref-45">45</a> is equal to thirty furlongs, <a - href="#linknote-46" name="linknoteref-46" id="linknoteref-46">46</a> (as + leagues, and if the league <a href="#linknote-45" id="linknoteref-45">45</a> is equal to thirty furlongs, <a + href="#linknote-46" id="linknoteref-46">46</a> (as undoubtedly it is), the number of furlongs from Sardis to that which is called the palace of Memnon is thirteen thousand five hundred, the number of leagues being four hundred and fifty. So if one travels a hundred and fifty furlongs each day, just ninety days are spent on the journey. <a - href="#linknote-47" name="linknoteref-47" id="linknoteref-47">47</a>. + href="#linknote-47" id="linknoteref-47">47</a>. </p> <p> 54. Thus the Milesian Aristagoras, when he told Cleomenes the Lacedemonian @@ -1135,7 +1064,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger had been set free from the rule of despots in the way which I shall tell.—When Hipparchos the son of Peisistratos and brother of the despot Hippias, after seeing a vision of a dream which signified it to him plainly, <a - href="#linknote-48" name="linknoteref-48" id="linknoteref-48">48</a> had + href="#linknote-48" id="linknoteref-48">48</a> had been slain by Aristogeiton and Harmodios, who were originally by descent Gephyraians, the Athenians continued for four years after this to be despotically governed no less than formerly,—nay, even more.. @@ -1146,14 +1075,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger stood by him, tall and of fair form, and riddling spoke to him these verses: </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> +<pre> "With enduring soul as a lion endure unendurable evil: No one of men who doth wrong shall escape from the judgment appointed." </pre> <p> These verses, as soon as it was day, he publicly communicated to the interpreters of dreams; but afterwards he put away thought of the vision - <a href="#linknote-49" name="linknoteref-49" id="linknoteref-49">49</a> + <a href="#linknote-49" id="linknoteref-49">49</a> and began to take part in that procession during which he lost his life. </p> <p> @@ -1188,35 +1117,33 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 59. I myself too once saw Cadmeian characters in the temple of Ismenian Apollo at Thebes of the Boeotians, engraved on certain <a - href="#linknote-4901" name="linknoteref-4901" id="linknoteref-4901">4901</a> + href="#linknote-4901" id="linknoteref-4901">4901</a> tripods, and in most respects resembling the Ionic letters: one of these tripods has the inscription, </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> - "Me Amphitryon offered from land Teleboian returning:" <a href="#linknote-50" - name="linknoteref-50" id="linknoteref-50">50</a> +<pre> + "Me Amphitryon offered from land Teleboian returning:" <a href="#linknote-50" id="linknoteref-50">50</a> </pre> <p> - this inscription would be of an age contemporary with Laïos the son of + this inscription would be of an age contemporary with Laïos the son of Labdacos, the son of Polydoros, the son of Cadmos.. </p> <p> 60. Another tripod says thus in hexameter rhythm: </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> +<pre> "Me did Scaios offer to thee, far-darting Apollo, Victor in contest of boxing, a gift most fair in thine honour:" </pre> <p> - now Scaios would be the son of Hippocoön (at least if it were really he + now Scaios would be the son of Hippocoön (at least if it were really he who offered it, and not another with the same name as the son of - Hippocoön), being of an age contemporary with OEdipus the son of Laïos: + Hippocoön), being of an age contemporary with OEdipus the son of Laïos: 61, and the third tripod, also in hexameter rhythm, says: </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> +<pre> "Me Laodamas offered to thee, fair-aiming Apollo, - He, of his wealth, <a href="#linknote-51" name="linknoteref-51" - id="linknoteref-51">51</a> being king, as a gift most fair in thine honor:" + He, of his wealth, <a href="#linknote-51" id="linknoteref-51">51</a> being king, as a gift most fair in thine honor:" </pre> <p> now it was in the reign of this very Laodamas the son of Eteocles that the @@ -1235,7 +1162,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger despots. When Hippias was despot and was dealing harshly with the Athenians because of the death of Hipparchos, the Alcmaionidai, who were of Athenian race and were fugitives from the sons of Peisistratos, <a - href="#linknote-52" name="linknoteref-52" id="linknoteref-52">52</a> as + href="#linknote-52" id="linknoteref-52">52</a> as they did not succeed in their attempt made together with the other Athenian exiles to return by force, but met with great disaster when they attempted to return and set Athens free, after they had fortified @@ -1246,7 +1173,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger already from ancient time, they completed the temple in a manner more beautiful than the plan required, and especially in this respect, that having agreed to make the temple of common limestone, <a - href="#linknote-53" name="linknoteref-53" id="linknoteref-53">53</a> they + href="#linknote-53" id="linknoteref-53">53</a> they built the front parts of it in Parian marble. </p> <p> @@ -1259,15 +1186,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger their citizens, with an army to drive out the sons of Peisistratos from Athens, although these were very closely connected with them by guest-friendship; for they held that the concerns of the god <a - href="#linknote-5301" name="linknoteref-5301" id="linknoteref-5301">5301</a> + href="#linknote-5301" id="linknoteref-5301">5301</a> should be preferred to those of men: and this force they sent by sea in ships. He therefore, having put in to shore at Phaleron, disembarked his army; but the sons of Peisistratos being informed of this beforehand called in to their aid an auxiliary force from Thessaly, for they had made an alliance with the Thessalians; and the Thessalians at their request sent by public resolution a body of a thousand horse and also their king - Kineas, a man of Conion. <a href="#linknote-54" name="linknoteref-54" - id="linknoteref-54">54</a> So having obtained these as allies, the sons of + Kineas, a man of Conion. <a href="#linknote-54" id="linknoteref-54">54</a> So having obtained these as allies, the sons of Peisistratos contrived as follows:—they cut down the trees in the plain of Phaleron and made this district fit for horsemen to ride over, and after that they sent the cavalry to attack the enemy's camp, who @@ -1342,16 +1268,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger cast him forth out of the land, because he was an Argive. So having come to Delphi he consulted the Oracle as to whether he should cast out Adrastos; and the Pythian prophetess answered him saying that Adrastos was - king of the Sikyonians, whereas he was a stoner <a href="#linknote-55" - name="linknoteref-55" id="linknoteref-55">55</a> of them. So since the god + king of the Sikyonians, whereas he was a stoner <a href="#linknote-55" id="linknoteref-55">55</a> of them. So since the god did not permit him to do this, he went away home and considered means by which Adrastos should be brought to depart of his own accord: and when he thought that he had discovered them, he sent to Thebes in Boeotia and said that he desired to introduce into his city Melanippos the son of Astacos, and the Thebans gave him leave. So Cleisthenes introduced Melanippos into his city, and appointed for him a sacred enclosure within the precincts of - the City Hall <a href="#linknote-56" name="linknoteref-56" - id="linknoteref-56">56</a> itself, and established him there in the + the City Hall <a href="#linknote-56" id="linknoteref-56">56</a> itself, and established him there in the strongest position. Now Cleisthenes introduced Melanippos (for I must relate this also) because he was the greatest enemy of Adrastos, seeing that he had killed both his brother Mekisteus and his son-in-law Tydeus: @@ -1373,12 +1297,11 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Sikyonians, for the names he gave were taken from the names of a pig and an ass by changing only the endings, except in the case of his own tribe, to which he gave a name from his own rule. These last then were called - Archelaoi, <a href="#linknote-57" name="linknoteref-57" id="linknoteref-57">57</a> + Archelaoi, <a href="#linknote-57" id="linknoteref-57">57</a> while of the rest those of one tribe were called Hyatai, <a - href="#linknote-58" name="linknoteref-58" id="linknoteref-58">58</a> of - another Oneatai, <a href="#linknote-59" name="linknoteref-59" - id="linknoteref-59">59</a> and of the remaining tribe Choireatai. <a - href="#linknote-60" name="linknoteref-60" id="linknoteref-60">60</a> These + href="#linknote-58" id="linknoteref-58">58</a> of + another Oneatai, <a href="#linknote-59" id="linknoteref-59">59</a> and of the remaining tribe Choireatai. <a + href="#linknote-60" id="linknoteref-60">60</a> These names of tribes were used by the men of Sikyon not only in the reign of Cleisthenes, but also beyond that for sixty years after his death; then however they considered the matter and changed them into Hylleis, @@ -1392,7 +1315,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger in order that the Athenians might not have the same tribes as the Ionians: for when at the time of which we speak he added to his own party the whole body of the common people of the Athenians, which in former time he had - despised, <a href="#linknote-61" name="linknoteref-61" id="linknoteref-61">61</a> + despised, <a href="#linknote-61" id="linknoteref-61">61</a> he changed the names of the tribes and made them more in number than they had been; he made in fact ten rulers of tribes instead of four, and by tens also he distributed the demes in the tribes; and having added the @@ -1406,7 +1329,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger intimate with the wife of Isagoras. First then Cleomenes sent a herald to Athens demanding the expulsion of Cleisthenes and with him many others of the Athenians, calling them the men who were under the curse: <a - href="#linknote-62" name="linknoteref-62" id="linknoteref-62">62</a> this + href="#linknote-62" id="linknoteref-62">62</a> this message he sent by instruction of Isagoras, for the Alcmaionidai and their party were accused of the murder to which reference was thus made, while he and his friends had no part in it.. @@ -1418,8 +1341,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger wishing to make himself despot; and having formed for himself an association of men of his own age, he endeavoured to seize the Acropolis: but not being able to get possession of it, he sat down as a suppliant - before the image of the goddess. <a href="#linknote-63" - name="linknoteref-63" id="linknoteref-63">63</a> These men were taken from + before the image of the goddess. <a href="#linknote-63" id="linknoteref-63">63</a> These men were taken from their place as suppliants by the presidents of the naucraries, who then administered affairs at Athens, on the condition that they should be liable to any penalty short of death; and the Alcmaionidai are accused of @@ -1496,7 +1418,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger permitted, when an army went out, that both the kings should go with it, for up to this time both used to go with it, and that as one of the kings was set free from service, so one of the sons of Tyndareus <a - href="#linknote-64" name="linknoteref-64" id="linknoteref-64">64</a> also + href="#linknote-64" id="linknoteref-64">64</a> also should be left behind; for before this time both of these two were called upon by them for help and went with the armies. </p> @@ -1519,30 +1441,28 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger that, desiring to avenge themselves, made expedition first against the Chalkidians; and the Boeotians came to the Euripos to help the Chalkidians. The Athenians, therefore, seeing those who had come to help, - <a href="#linknote-6401" name="linknoteref-6401" id="linknoteref-6401">6401</a> + <a href="#linknote-6401" id="linknoteref-6401">6401</a> resolved first to attack the Boeotians before the Chalkidians. Accordingly they engaged battle with the Boeotians, and had much the better of them, and after having slain very many they took seven hundred of them captive. On this very same day the Athenians passed over into Euboea and engaged battle with the Chalkidians as well; and having conquered these also, they left four thousand holders of allotments in the land belonging to the - "Breeders of Horses": <a href="#linknote-65" name="linknoteref-65" - id="linknoteref-65">65</a> now the wealthier of the Chalkidians were + "Breeders of Horses": <a href="#linknote-65" id="linknoteref-65">65</a> now the wealthier of the Chalkidians were called the Breeders of Horses. And as many of them as they took captive, they kept in confinement together with the Boeotians who had been captured, bound with fetters; and then after a time they let them go, having fixed their ransom at two pounds of silver apiece: <a - href="#linknote-66" name="linknoteref-66" id="linknoteref-66">66</a> but + href="#linknote-66" id="linknoteref-66">66</a> but their fetters, in which they had been bound, they hung up on the Acropolis; and these were still existing even to my time hanging on walls - which had been scorched with fire by the Mede, <a href="#linknote-67" - name="linknoteref-67" id="linknoteref-67">67</a> and just opposite the + which had been scorched with fire by the Mede, <a href="#linknote-67" id="linknoteref-67">67</a> and just opposite the sanctuary which lies towards the West. The tenth part of the ransom also they dedicated for an offering, and made of it a four-horse chariot of bronze, which stands on the left hand as you enter the Propylaia in the Acropolis, and on it is the following inscription: </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> +<pre> "Matched in the deeds of war with the tribes of Boeotia and Chalkis The sons of Athens prevailed, conquered and tamed them in fight: In chains of iron and darkness they quenched their insolent spirit; @@ -1550,8 +1470,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </pre> <p> 78. The Athenians accordingly increased in power; and it is evident, not - by one instance only but in every way, that Equality <a href="#linknote-68" - name="linknoteref-68" id="linknoteref-68">68</a> is an excellent thing, + by one instance only but in every way, that Equality <a href="#linknote-68" id="linknoteref-68">68</a> is an excellent thing, since the Athenians while they were ruled by despots were not better in war that any of those who dwelt about them, whereas after they had got rid of despots they became far the first. This proves that when they were kept @@ -1593,7 +1512,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger intent on the Boeotians, they sailed against them to Attica with ships of war, and they devastated Phaleron and also many demes in the remainder of the coast region, and so doing they deeply stirred the resentment of the - Athenians. <a href="#linknote-69" name="linknoteref-69" id="linknoteref-69">69</a> + Athenians. <a href="#linknote-69" id="linknoteref-69">69</a> </p> <p> 82. Now the grudge which was due beforehand from the Eginetans to the @@ -1610,8 +1529,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger most sacred; nay some say that at that time there were no olives in any part of the earth except at Athens. The Athenians said that they would allow them on condition that they should every year bring due offerings to - Athene Polias <a href="#linknote-70" name="linknoteref-70" - id="linknoteref-70">70</a> and to Erechtheus. The Epidaurians, then, + Athene Polias <a href="#linknote-70" id="linknoteref-70">70</a> and to Erechtheus. The Epidaurians, then, having agreed to these terms, obtained that which they asked, and they made images out of these olive-trees and set them up: and their land bore fruit and they continued to fulfil towards the Athenians that which they @@ -1621,7 +1539,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 83. Now during this time and also before this the Eginetans were subject to the Epidaurians, and besides other things they were wont to pass over to Epidauros to have their disputes with one another settled by law: <a - href="#linknote-71" name="linknoteref-71" id="linknoteref-71">71</a> but + href="#linknote-71" id="linknoteref-71">71</a> but after this time they built for themselves ships and made revolt from the Epidaurians, moved thereto by wilfulness. So as they were at variance with them, they continued to inflict damage on them, since in fact they had @@ -1713,11 +1631,10 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Carian, for the old Hellenic fashion of dress for women was universally the same as that which we now call Dorian. Moreover it is said that with reference to these events the Argives and Eginetans made it a custom among - themselves in both countries <a href="#linknote-72" name="linknoteref-72" - id="linknoteref-72">72</a> to have the brooches made half as large again + themselves in both countries <a href="#linknote-72" id="linknoteref-72">72</a> to have the brooches made half as large again as the size which was then established in use, and that their women should offer brooches especially in the temple of these goddesses, <a - href="#linknote-73" name="linknoteref-73" id="linknoteref-73">73</a> and + href="#linknote-73" id="linknoteref-73">73</a> and also that they should carry neither pottery of Athens nor anything else of Athenian make to the temple, but that it should be the custom for the future to drink there from pitchers made in the lands themselves. @@ -1764,12 +1681,11 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 91. At this time, then, when the Lacedemonians had recovered the oracles and when they saw that the Athenians were increasing in power and were not at all willing to submit to them, observing that the Athenian race now - that it was free was becoming <a href="#linknote-74" name="linknoteref-74" - id="linknoteref-74">74</a> a match for their own, whereas when held down + that it was free was becoming <a href="#linknote-74" id="linknoteref-74">74</a> a match for their own, whereas when held down by despots it was weak and ready to be ruled,—perceiving, I say, all these things, they sent for Hippias the son of Peisistratos to come from Sigeion on the Hellespont, whither the family of Peisistratos go for - refuge; <a href="#linknote-75" name="linknoteref-75" id="linknoteref-75">75</a> + refuge; <a href="#linknote-75" id="linknoteref-75">75</a> and when Hippias had come upon the summons, the Spartans sent also for envoys to come from their other allies and spoke to them as follows: "Allies, we are conscious within ourselves that we have not acted rightly; @@ -1778,15 +1694,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger rendering Athens submissive to us, and then after having done this we delivered over the State to a thankless populace, which so soon as it had raised its head, having been freed by our means drove out us and our king - with wanton outrage; and now exalted with pride <a href="#linknote-76" - name="linknoteref-76" id="linknoteref-76">76</a> it is increasing in + with wanton outrage; and now exalted with pride <a href="#linknote-76" id="linknoteref-76">76</a> it is increasing in power, so that the neighbours of these men first of all, that is the Boeotians and Chalkidians, have already learnt, and perhaps some others also will afterwards learn, that they committed an error. <a - href="#linknote-7601" name="linknoteref-7601" id="linknoteref-7601">7601</a> + href="#linknote-7601" id="linknoteref-7601">7601</a> As however we erred in doing those things of which we have spoken, we will try now to take vengeance on them, going thither together with you; <a - href="#linknote-77" name="linknoteref-77" id="linknoteref-77">77</a> since + href="#linknote-77" id="linknoteref-77">77</a> since it was for this very purpose that we sent for Hippias, whom ye see here, and for you also, to come from your cities, in order that with common counsel and a common force we might conduct him to Athens and render back @@ -1795,13 +1710,12 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 92. Thus they spoke; but the majority of the allies did not approve of their words. The rest however kept silence, but the Corinthian Socles <a - href="#linknote-78" name="linknoteref-78" id="linknoteref-78">78</a> spoke + href="#linknote-78" id="linknoteref-78">78</a> spoke as follows: (a) "Surely now the heaven shall be below the earth, and the earth raised up on high above the heaven, and men shall have their dwelling in the sea, and fishes shall have that habitation which men had before, seeing that ye, Lacedemonians, are doing away with free - governments <a href="#linknote-79" name="linknoteref-79" - id="linknoteref-79">79</a> and are preparing to bring back despotism again + governments <a href="#linknote-79" id="linknoteref-79">79</a> and are preparing to bring back despotism again into our cities, than which there is no more unjust or more murderous thing among men. For if in truth this seems to you to be good, namely that the cities should be ruled by despots, do ye yourselves first set up a @@ -1813,45 +1727,43 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger juster opinions of it than at present. (b) For the established order of the Corinthian State was this:—the government was an oligarchy, and the oligarchs, who were called Bacchiadai, had control over the State and - made marriages among themselves. <a href="#linknote-80" - name="linknoteref-80" id="linknoteref-80">80</a> Now one of these men, + made marriages among themselves. <a href="#linknote-80" id="linknoteref-80">80</a> Now one of these men, named Amphion, had a daughter born to him who was lame, and her name was Labda. This daughter, since none of the Bacchiadai wished to marry her, - was taken to wife by Aëtion the son of Echecrates, who was of the deme of + was taken to wife by Aëtion the son of Echecrates, who was of the deme of Petra, but by original descent a Lapith and of the race of Caineus. Neither from this wife nor from another were children born to him, therefore he set out to Delphi to inquire about offspring; and as he entered, forthwith the prophetess addressed him in these lines: </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> +<pre> "'Much to be honoured art thou, yet none doth render thee honour. <a - href="#linknote-81" name="linknoteref-81" id="linknoteref-81">81</a> + href="#linknote-81" id="linknoteref-81">81</a> Labda conceives, and a rolling rock will she bear, which shall ruin Down on the heads of the kings, and with chastisement visit Corinthos.' </pre> <p> - This answer given to Aëtion was by some means reported to the Bacchiadai, + This answer given to Aëtion was by some means reported to the Bacchiadai, to whom the oracle which had come to Corinth before this was not intelligible, an oracle which had reference to the same thing as that of - Aëtion and said thus: + Aëtion and said thus: </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> - "'An eagle conceives in the rocks <a href="#linknote-82" name="linknoteref-82" - id="linknoteref-82">82</a> and shall bear a ravening lion, +<pre> + "'An eagle conceives in the rocks <a href="#linknote-82" id="linknoteref-82">82</a> and shall bear a ravening lion, Strong and fierce to devour, who the knees of many shall loosen. Ponder this well in your minds, I bid you, Corinthians, whose dwelling Lies about fair Peirene's spring and in craggy Corinthos.' <a - href="#linknote-83" name="linknoteref-83" id="linknoteref-83">83</a> + href="#linknote-83" id="linknoteref-83">83</a> </pre> <p> (c) This oracle, I say, having come before to the Bacchiadai was obscure; - but afterwards when they heard that which had come to Aëtion, forthwith + but afterwards when they heard that which had come to Aëtion, forthwith they understood the former also, that it was in accord with that of - Aëtion; and understanding this one also they kept quiet, desiring to - destroy the offspring which should be born to Aëtion. Then, so soon as his + Aëtion; and understanding this one also they kept quiet, desiring to + destroy the offspring which should be born to Aëtion. Then, so soon as his wife bore a child, they sent ten of their own number to the deme in which - Aëtion had his dwelling, to slay the child; and when these had come to - Petra and had passed into the court of Aëtion's house, they asked for the + Aëtion had his dwelling, to slay the child; and when these had come to + Petra and had passed into the court of Aëtion's house, they asked for the child; and Labda, not knowing anything of the purpose for which they had come, and supposing them to be asking for the child on account of friendly feeling towards its father, brought it and placed it in the hands of one @@ -1868,28 +1780,26 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger the one who had first received the child, because he had not done according to that which had been resolved; until at last after some time they determined again to enter and all to take a share in the murder. (d) - From the offspring of Aëtion however it was destined that evils should + From the offspring of Aëtion however it was destined that evils should spring up for Corinth: for Labda was listening to all this as she stood close by the door, and fearing lest they should change their mind and take the child a second time and kill it, she carried it and concealed it in the place which seemed to her the least likely to be discovered, that is - to say a corn-chest, <a href="#linknote-84" name="linknoteref-84" - id="linknoteref-84">84</a> feeling sure that if they should return and + to say a corn-chest, <a href="#linknote-84" id="linknoteref-84">84</a> feeling sure that if they should return and come to a search, they were likely to examine everything: and this in fact happened. So when they had come, and searching had failed to find it, they thought it best to return and say to those who had sent them that they had done all that which they had been charged by them to do. (e) They then - having departed said this; and after this the son of Aëtion grew, and + having departed said this; and after this the son of Aëtion grew, and because he had escaped this danger, the name of Kypselos was given him as a surname derived from the corn-chest. Then when Kypselos had grown to - manhood and was seeking divination, a two-edged <a href="#linknote-85" - name="linknoteref-85" id="linknoteref-85">85</a> answer was given him at + manhood and was seeking divination, a two-edged <a href="#linknote-85" id="linknoteref-85">85</a> answer was given him at Delphi, placing trust in which he made an attempt upon Corinth and obtained possession of it. Now the answer was as follows: </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> +<pre> "'Happy is this man's lot of a truth, who enters my dwelling, - Offspring of Aëtion, he shall rule in famous Corinthos, + Offspring of Aëtion, he shall rule in famous Corinthos, Kypselos, he and his sons, but his children's children no longer.' </pre> <p> @@ -1906,7 +1816,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger forth the messenger who had come from Periander out of the city, and entered into a field of growing corn; and as he passed through the crop of corn, while inquiring and asking questions repeatedly <a - href="#linknote-86" name="linknoteref-86" id="linknoteref-86">86</a> of + href="#linknote-86" id="linknoteref-86">86</a> of the messenger about the occasion of his coming from Corinth, he kept cutting off the heads of those ears of corn which he saw higher than the rest; and as he cut off their heads he cast them away, until he had @@ -1990,8 +1900,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger About this matter Alcaios composed a song and sent it to Mytilene, reporting therein his misadventure to one Melanippos, who was his friend. Finally Periander the son of Kypselos made peace between the Athenians and - the Mytilenians, <a href="#linknote-87" name="linknoteref-87" - id="linknoteref-87">87</a> for to him they referred the matter as + the Mytilenians, <a href="#linknote-87" id="linknoteref-87">87</a> for to him they referred the matter as arbitrator; and he made peace between them on the condition that each should continue to occupy that territory which they then possessed.. </p> @@ -2034,7 +1943,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 98. Aristagoras however sailed on before and came to Miletos; and then having devised a plan from which no advantage was likely to come for the Ionians (nor indeed was he doing what he did with a view to that, but in - order to vex king Dareios), he sent a man to Phrygia to the Piaonians who + order to vex king Dareios), he sent a man to Phrygia to the Paionians who had been taken captive by Megabazos from the river Strymon, and who were dwelling in a district and village of Phrygia apart by themselves; and when the messenger came to the Paionians he spoke these words: "Paionians, @@ -2066,14 +1975,13 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Aristagoras proceeded to make a march upon Sardis. On this march he did not go himself, but remained at Miletos and appointed others to be in command of the Milesians, namely his brother Charopinos and of the other - citizens one Hermophantos. <a href="#linknote-8701" name="linknoteref-8701" - id="linknoteref-8701">8701</a> + citizens one Hermophantos. <a href="#linknote-8701" id="linknoteref-8701">8701</a> </p> <p> 100. With this force then the Ionians came to Ephesos, and leaving their ships at Coresos in the land of Ephesos, went up themselves in a large body, taking Ephesians to guide them in their march. So they marched along - by the river Caÿster, and then when they arrived after crossing the range + by the river Caÿster, and then when they arrived after crossing the range of Tmolos, they took Sardis without any resistance, all except the citadel, but the citadel Artaphrenes himself saved from capture, having with him a considerable force of men.. @@ -2148,8 +2056,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 105. Onesilos then was besieging Amathus; and meanwhile, when it was reported to king Dareios that Sardis had been captured and burnt by the Athenians and the Ionians together, and that the leader of the league for - being about these things <a href="#linknote-88" name="linknoteref-88" - id="linknoteref-88">88</a> was the Milesian Aristagoras, it is said that + being about these things <a href="#linknote-88" id="linknoteref-88">88</a> was the Milesian Aristagoras, it is said that at first being informed of this he made no account of the Ionians, because he knew that they at all events would not escape unpunished for their revolt, but he inquired into who the Athenians were; and when he had been @@ -2246,8 +2153,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 111. Now Artybios was riding a horse which had been trained to rear up against a hoplite. Onesilos accordingly being informed of this, and having a shield-bearer, by race of Caria, who was of very good repute as a - soldier and full of courage besides, <a href="#linknote-89" - name="linknoteref-89" id="linknoteref-89">89</a> said to this man: "I am + soldier and full of courage besides, <a href="#linknote-89" id="linknoteref-89">89</a> said to this man: "I am informed that the horse of Artybios rears upright and works both with his feet and his mouth against any whom he is brought to attack. Do thou therefore consider the matter, and tell me forthwith which of the two thou @@ -2255,7 +2161,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger his attendant replied: "O king, I am ready to do both or either of these two things, and in every case to do that which thou shalt appoint for me; but I will declare to thee the way in which I think it will be most - suitable <a href="#linknote-90" name="linknoteref-90" id="linknoteref-90">90</a> + suitable <a href="#linknote-90" id="linknoteref-90">90</a> for thy condition. I say that it is right for one who is king and commander to fight with a king and commander; for if thou shalt slay the commander of the enemy, it turns to great glory for thee; and again, if he @@ -2276,7 +2182,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger he had concerted with his shield-bearer, struck at Artybios himself, when he came to fight with him; and when the horse put its hoofs against the shield of Onesilos, then the Carian struck with a falchion <a - href="#linknote-91" name="linknoteref-91" id="linknoteref-91">91</a> and + href="#linknote-91" id="linknoteref-91">91</a> and smote off the horse's feet.. </p> <p> @@ -2346,8 +2252,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger remain where they were, might prove themselves even better men in fight than they naturally would. This opinion did not prevail; but they resolved that the Persians rather than themselves should have the Maiander at their - backs, evidently <a href="#linknote-92" name="linknoteref-92" - id="linknoteref-92">92</a> in order that if there should be a flight of + backs, evidently <a href="#linknote-92" id="linknoteref-92">92</a> in order that if there should be a flight of the Persians and they should be worsted in the battle, they might never return home, but might fall into the river.. </p> @@ -2357,8 +2262,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger battle which was obstinately contested and lasted long; but at length they were worsted by superior numbers: and of the Persians there fell as many as two thousand, but of the Carians ten thousand. Then those of them who - escaped were shut up in Labraunda <a href="#linknote-93" - name="linknoteref-93" id="linknoteref-93">93</a> within the sanctuary of + escaped were shut up in Labraunda <a href="#linknote-93" id="linknoteref-93">93</a> within the sanctuary of Zeus Stratios, which is a large sacred grove of plane-trees; now the Carians are the only men we know who offer sacrifices to Zeus Stratios. These men then, being shut up there, were taking counsel together about @@ -2371,15 +2275,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger they were before considering and prepared to renew the war again from the beginning: and when the Persians came to attack them, they engaged with them and fought a battle, and they were worsted yet more completely than - before; and while many were slain of all parties, <a href="#linknote-94" - name="linknoteref-94" id="linknoteref-94">94</a> the Milesians suffered + before; and while many were slain of all parties, <a href="#linknote-94" id="linknoteref-94">94</a> the Milesians suffered most.. </p> <p> 121. Then afterwards the Carians repaired this loss and retrieved their defeat; for being informed that the Persians had set forth to march upon their cities, they laid an ambush on the road which is by Pedasos, <a - href="#linknote-95" name="linknoteref-95" id="linknoteref-95">95</a> and + href="#linknote-95" id="linknoteref-95">95</a> and the Persians falling into it by night were destroyed both they and their commanders, namely Daurises and Amorges and Sisimakes; and with them died also Myrsos the son of Gyges. Of this ambush the leader was Heracleides @@ -2408,7 +2311,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 124. While the cities were thus being taken, Aristagoras the Milesian, being, as he proved in this instance, not of very distinguished courage, since after having disturbed Ionia and made preparation of great matters - <a href="#linknote-96" name="linknoteref-96" id="linknoteref-96">96</a> he + <a href="#linknote-96" id="linknoteref-96">96</a> he counselled running away when he saw these things, (moreover it had become clear to him that it was impossible to overcome king Dareios),—he, I say, having regard to these things, called together those of his own party @@ -2421,7 +2324,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 125. Now the opinion of Hecataios the son of Hegesander the historian <a - href="#linknote-97" name="linknoteref-97" id="linknoteref-97">97</a> was + href="#linknote-97" id="linknoteref-97">97</a> was that he should not take a colony to either of these places, but build a wall of defence for himself in the island of Leros and keep still, if he should be forced to leave Miletos; and afterwards with this for his @@ -2438,87 +2341,87 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger city and the Thracians desired to go out from it under a truce. </p> <p> - ————— <a name="link2H_NOTE" id="link2H_NOTE"> + ————— <a id="link2H_NOTE"> <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> </p> <div style="height: 4em;"> - <br /><br /><br /><br /> + <br ><br ><br ><br > </div> <h2> NOTES TO BOOK V </h2> <p> - <a name="linknote-1" id="linknote-1"> + <a id="linknote-1"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 1 (<a href="#linknoteref-1">return</a>)<br /> [ {ie paion} (or {paian}), as + 1 (<a href="#linknoteref-1">return</a>)<br > [ {ie paion} (or {paian}), as the burden of a song of triumph.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-2" id="linknote-2"> + <a id="linknote-2"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 2 (<a href="#linknoteref-2">return</a>)<br /> [ {eggenetai}: many MSS. and + 2 (<a href="#linknoteref-2">return</a>)<br > [ {eggenetai}: many MSS. and some Editors read {en genetai}, "and the race can never become united."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-3" id="linknote-3"> + <a id="linknote-3"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 3 (<a href="#linknoteref-3">return</a>)<br /> [ iv. 93.] + 3 (<a href="#linknoteref-3">return</a>)<br > [ iv. 93.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-301" id="linknote-301"> + <a id="linknote-301"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 301 (<a href="#linknoteref-301">return</a>)<br /> [ Or "from the time that + 301 (<a href="#linknoteref-301">return</a>)<br > [ Or "from the time that he was born."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-4" id="linknote-4"> + <a id="linknote-4"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 4 (<a href="#linknoteref-4">return</a>)<br /> [ {to astikton} is probably + 4 (<a href="#linknoteref-4">return</a>)<br > [ {to astikton} is probably for {to me estikhthai}: but possibly the meaning may be, "those who are not so marked are of low birth."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-5" id="linknote-5"> + <a id="linknote-5"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 5 (<a href="#linknoteref-5">return</a>)<br /> [ "the greatest prizes are + 5 (<a href="#linknoteref-5">return</a>)<br > [ "the greatest prizes are assigned for single combat in proportion" (as it is more difficult).] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-6" id="linknote-6"> + <a id="linknote-6"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 6 (<a href="#linknoteref-6">return</a>)<br /> [ Or "Siriopaionians."] + 6 (<a href="#linknoteref-6">return</a>)<br > [ Or "Siriopaionians."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-7" id="linknote-7"> + <a id="linknote-7"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 7 (<a href="#linknoteref-7">return</a>)<br /> [ The words "and about the + 7 (<a href="#linknoteref-7">return</a>)<br > [ The words "and about the Doberians and Agrianians and Odomantians" are marked by Stein as an interpolation, on the ground that the two tribes first mentioned are themselves Paionian; but Doberians are distinguished from Paionians in vii. 113.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-8" id="linknote-8"> + <a id="linknote-8"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 8 (<a href="#linknoteref-8">return</a>)<br /> [ {theres katarraktes}: the + 8 (<a href="#linknoteref-8">return</a>)<br > [ {theres katarraktes}: the MSS. have {thures katapaktes} (which can hardly be right, since the Ionic form would be {katapektes}), meaning "fastened down." Stein suggests {thures katepaktes} (from {katepago}), which might mean "a door closed @@ -2526,58 +2429,58 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger over the last {a} of {katapaktes}.)] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-9" id="linknote-9"> + <a id="linknote-9"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 9 (<a href="#linknoteref-9">return</a>)<br /> [ {diapinontes}: or perhaps, + 9 (<a href="#linknoteref-9">return</a>)<br > [ {diapinontes}: or perhaps, "drinking against one another."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-10" id="linknote-10"> + <a id="linknote-10"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 10 (<a href="#linknoteref-10">return</a>)<br /> [ See viii. 137.] + 10 (<a href="#linknoteref-10">return</a>)<br > [ See viii. 137.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-11" id="linknote-11"> + <a id="linknote-11"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 11 (<a href="#linknoteref-11">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. "he was drawn to run + 11 (<a href="#linknoteref-11">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. "he was drawn to run in the first pair."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-12" id="linknote-12"> + <a id="linknote-12"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 12 (<a href="#linknoteref-12">return</a>)<br /> [ The best MSS. give this - form throughout, which is also used by Æschylus: cp. iii. 70, note 60.] + 12 (<a href="#linknoteref-12">return</a>)<br > [ The best MSS. give this + form throughout, which is also used by Æschylus: cp. iii. 70, note 60.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-13" id="linknote-13"> + <a id="linknote-13"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 13 (<a href="#linknoteref-13">return</a>)<br /> [ {ekakothesan}.] + 13 (<a href="#linknoteref-13">return</a>)<br > [ {ekakothesan}.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-14" id="linknote-14"> + <a id="linknote-14"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 14 (<a href="#linknoteref-14">return</a>)<br /> [ {toutou}: it is doubtful + 14 (<a href="#linknoteref-14">return</a>)<br > [ {toutou}: it is doubtful whether this means his power or his death. Perhaps something has dropped out after {teleuta}.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-15" id="linknote-15"> + <a id="linknote-15"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 15 (<a href="#linknoteref-15">return</a>)<br /> [ {anesis}: a conjectural + 15 (<a href="#linknoteref-15">return</a>)<br > [ {anesis}: a conjectural emendation of {aneos}. (Perhaps however, the word was rather {ananeosis}, "after a short time there was a renewal of evils"). Grote wishes to translate this clause, "after a short time there was an abatement of @@ -2586,192 +2489,192 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger cover the required period of time.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-16" id="linknote-16"> + <a id="linknote-16"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 16 (<a href="#linknoteref-16">return</a>)<br /> [ {praskhema}.] + 16 (<a href="#linknoteref-16">return</a>)<br > [ {praskhema}.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-17" id="linknote-17"> + <a id="linknote-17"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 17 (<a href="#linknoteref-17">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. Miletos and Naxos.] + 17 (<a href="#linknoteref-17">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. Miletos and Naxos.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-18" id="linknote-18"> + <a id="linknote-18"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 18 (<a href="#linknoteref-18">return</a>)<br /> [ {ton pakheon}.] + 18 (<a href="#linknoteref-18">return</a>)<br > [ {ton pakheon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-1801" id="linknote-1801"> + <a id="linknote-1801"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 1801 (<a href="#linknoteref-1801">return</a>)<br /> [ {umin}: omitted in + 1801 (<a href="#linknoteref-1801">return</a>)<br > [ {umin}: omitted in some MSS. and editions.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-19" id="linknote-19"> + <a id="linknote-19"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 19 (<a href="#linknoteref-19">return</a>)<br /> [ Lit. "dividing him in + 19 (<a href="#linknoteref-19">return</a>)<br > [ Lit. "dividing him in such a manner."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-20" id="linknote-20"> + <a id="linknote-20"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 20 (<a href="#linknoteref-20">return</a>)<br /> [ {kai to teikhos + 20 (<a href="#linknoteref-20">return</a>)<br > [ {kai to teikhos esaxanto}: {esaxanto} from {satto}, which generally means "load." Various conjectures have been made, e.g. {kai to teikhos ephraxanto}, or {kata takhos esaxanto}, the comma after {pota} being removed.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-2001" id="linknote-2001"> + <a id="linknote-2001"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 2001 (<a href="#linknoteref-2001">return</a>)<br /> [ {me de neoteron ti + 2001 (<a href="#linknoteref-2001">return</a>)<br > [ {me de neoteron ti poieuses tes Miletou}, "if Miletos made no change (i.e. rebellion)."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-21" id="linknote-21"> + <a id="linknote-21"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 21 (<a href="#linknoteref-21">return</a>)<br /> [ {katairetheie}, "taken + 21 (<a href="#linknoteref-21">return</a>)<br > [ {katairetheie}, "taken down" from their place (cp. {anetheke} below).] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-22" id="linknote-22"> + <a id="linknote-22"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 22 (<a href="#linknoteref-22">return</a>)<br /> [ {en to peoto ton logon}. + 22 (<a href="#linknoteref-22">return</a>)<br > [ {en to peoto ton logon}. The reference is to i. 92.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-23" id="linknote-23"> + <a id="linknote-23"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 23 (<a href="#linknoteref-23">return</a>)<br /> [ {isonomien}: cp. iii. + 23 (<a href="#linknoteref-23">return</a>)<br > [ {isonomien}: cp. iii. 80.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-24" id="linknote-24"> + <a id="linknote-24"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 24 (<a href="#linknoteref-24">return</a>)<br /> [ {akromantes}: cp. + 24 (<a href="#linknoteref-24">return</a>)<br > [ {akromantes}: cp. {akrakholos}. It may mean "somewhat mad," so {akrozumos}, "slightly leavened," and other words.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-25" id="linknote-25"> + <a id="linknote-25"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 25 (<a href="#linknoteref-25">return</a>)<br /> [ {Kinupa}: for this Stein + 25 (<a href="#linknoteref-25">return</a>)<br > [ {Kinupa}: for this Stein reads by conjecture {Aibuen} and afterwards {para Kinupa potamon} for {para potamon}: but Kinyps was the name of the district about the river (iv. 198), and the name of the river is easily supplied from this.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-26" id="linknote-26"> + <a id="linknote-26"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 26 (<a href="#linknoteref-26">return</a>)<br /> [ {Makeon te kai Libuon}. + 26 (<a href="#linknoteref-26">return</a>)<br > [ {Makeon te kai Libuon}. The Macai were of course Libyans, therefore perhaps we should read (with Niebuhr) {Makeon te Libuon}: or {Makeon te kai allon Libuon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-27" id="linknote-27"> + <a id="linknote-27"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 27 (<a href="#linknoteref-27">return</a>)<br /> [ Stein thinks that + 27 (<a href="#linknoteref-27">return</a>)<br > [ Stein thinks that Heracleia Minoa on the S. coast of Sicily cannot be meant, because too distant to be considered part of the "land of Eryx." Evidently however this expression is very vague, and there seems no need to correct the text as he proposes.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-28" id="linknote-28"> + <a id="linknote-28"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 28 (<a href="#linknoteref-28">return</a>)<br /> [ {para ten Italion}: the + 28 (<a href="#linknoteref-28">return</a>)<br > [ {para ten Italion}: the name applied anciently only to the South-West of the peninsula.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-29" id="linknote-29"> + <a id="linknote-29"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 29 (<a href="#linknoteref-29">return</a>)<br /> [ {Krathin}, the MSS. give + 29 (<a href="#linknoteref-29">return</a>)<br > [ {Krathin}, the MSS. give {krastin} here, and {krastie} below for {Krathie}. Sybaris was situated between the rivers Crathis and Sybaris.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-30" id="linknote-30"> + <a id="linknote-30"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 30 (<a href="#linknoteref-30">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. "of the + 30 (<a href="#linknoteref-30">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. "of the Market-place."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-31" id="linknote-31"> + <a id="linknote-31"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 31 (<a href="#linknoteref-31">return</a>)<br /> [ {periodos}.] + 31 (<a href="#linknoteref-31">return</a>)<br > [ {periodos}.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-32" id="linknote-32"> + <a id="linknote-32"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 32 (<a href="#linknoteref-32">return</a>)<br /> [ {kurbasias}: see vii. + 32 (<a href="#linknoteref-32">return</a>)<br > [ {kurbasias}: see vii. 64.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-33" id="linknote-33"> + <a id="linknote-33"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 33 (<a href="#linknoteref-33">return</a>)<br /> [ {poluargurotatoi}: this + 33 (<a href="#linknoteref-33">return</a>)<br > [ {poluargurotatoi}: this seems to include gold also, for which Lydia was famous.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-34" id="linknote-34"> + <a id="linknote-34"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 34 (<a href="#linknoteref-34">return</a>)<br /> [ {poluprobatotatoi}.] + 34 (<a href="#linknoteref-34">return</a>)<br > [ {poluprobatotatoi}.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-35" id="linknote-35"> + <a id="linknote-35"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 35 (<a href="#linknoteref-35">return</a>)<br /> [ {tende}, pointing to it + 35 (<a href="#linknoteref-35">return</a>)<br > [ {tende}, pointing to it in the map.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-36" id="linknote-36"> + <a id="linknote-36"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 36 (<a href="#linknoteref-36">return</a>)<br /> [ If {anaballesthai} is the + 36 (<a href="#linknoteref-36">return</a>)<br > [ If {anaballesthai} is the true reading here, it cannot mean, "put off to another time," as Stein translates it; for the form of the sentence proves that it is to be taken as a question, co-ordinate with that which follows: {peri men khores ara @@ -2780,53 +2683,53 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger to the second.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-37" id="linknote-37"> + <a id="linknote-37"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 37 (<a href="#linknoteref-37">return</a>)<br /> [ {es triten emeren}.] + 37 (<a href="#linknoteref-37">return</a>)<br > [ {es triten emeren}.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-38" id="linknote-38"> + <a id="linknote-38"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 38 (<a href="#linknoteref-38">return</a>)<br /> [ {diaphthereei se}. It is + 38 (<a href="#linknoteref-38">return</a>)<br > [ {diaphthereei se}. It is impossible to reproduce the double meaning of {diaphtheirein}, "to destroy," and "to corrupt with bribes." The child was apparently alarmed by the vehement gestures of Aristagoras and supposed that he was going to kill her father. Cleomenes accepts the omen.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-39" id="linknote-39"> + <a id="linknote-39"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 39 (<a href="#linknoteref-39">return</a>)<br /> [ {stathmoi}: "stations," + 39 (<a href="#linknoteref-39">return</a>)<br > [ {stathmoi}: "stations," the distance between them averaging here about 120 stades.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-40" id="linknote-40"> + <a id="linknote-40"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 40 (<a href="#linknoteref-40">return</a>)<br /> [ {parasaggai}: the - "parasang," as estimated at 30 stades, would be nearly 3½ English miles.] + 40 (<a href="#linknoteref-40">return</a>)<br > [ {parasaggai}: the + "parasang," as estimated at 30 stades, would be nearly 3½ English miles.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-4001" id="linknote-4001"> + <a id="linknote-4001"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 4001 (<a href="#linknoteref-4001">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. a narrow pass; + 4001 (<a href="#linknoteref-4001">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. a narrow pass; so also below in speaking of the passes into Kilikia.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-41" id="linknote-41"> + <a id="linknote-41"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 41 (<a href="#linknoteref-41">return</a>)<br /> [ In the MSS. this clause + 41 (<a href="#linknoteref-41">return</a>)<br > [ In the MSS. this clause follows the account of the four rivers, and the distance through Matiene is given as "four stages" with no number of leagues added. By transposing the clause we avoid placing the rivers in Armenia instead of Matiene; and @@ -2835,176 +2738,176 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger to Matiene.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-42" id="linknote-42"> + <a id="linknote-42"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 42 (<a href="#linknoteref-42">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. Zabatos: the name + 42 (<a href="#linknoteref-42">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. Zabatos: the name has perhaps fallen out of the text.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-43" id="linknote-43"> + <a id="linknote-43"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 43 (<a href="#linknoteref-43">return</a>)<br /> [ {o d' usteron}: "the one + 43 (<a href="#linknoteref-43">return</a>)<br > [ {o d' usteron}: "the one mentioned afterwards." Stein reads {o d' usteros}.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-44" id="linknote-44"> + <a id="linknote-44"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 44 (<a href="#linknoteref-44">return</a>)<br /> [ See i. 189.] + 44 (<a href="#linknoteref-44">return</a>)<br > [ See i. 189.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-45" id="linknote-45"> + <a id="linknote-45"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 45 (<a href="#linknoteref-45">return</a>)<br /> [ {parasagges}.] + 45 (<a href="#linknoteref-45">return</a>)<br > [ {parasagges}.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-46" id="linknote-46"> + <a id="linknote-46"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 46 (<a href="#linknoteref-46">return</a>)<br /> [ {stadia}: the stade being - equal to 606¾ English feet.] + 46 (<a href="#linknoteref-46">return</a>)<br > [ {stadia}: the stade being + equal to 606¾ English feet.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-47" id="linknote-47"> + <a id="linknote-47"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 47 (<a href="#linknoteref-47">return</a>)<br /> [ Reckoned for the march of + 47 (<a href="#linknoteref-47">return</a>)<br > [ Reckoned for the march of an army.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-48" id="linknote-48"> + <a id="linknote-48"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 48 (<a href="#linknoteref-48">return</a>)<br /> [ Omitting {to eoutou + 48 (<a href="#linknoteref-48">return</a>)<br > [ Omitting {to eoutou pathei} which stands in the MSS. before {enargestaten}. If the words are retained, we must translate "which clearly pointed to his fate."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-49" id="linknote-49"> + <a id="linknote-49"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 49 (<a href="#linknoteref-49">return</a>)<br /> [ {apeipamenos ten opsin}, + 49 (<a href="#linknoteref-49">return</a>)<br > [ {apeipamenos ten opsin}, which some translate "he made offerings to avert the dream."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-4901" id="linknote-4901"> + <a id="linknote-4901"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 4901 (<a href="#linknoteref-4901">return</a>)<br /> [ {tisi}: many Editors + 4901 (<a href="#linknoteref-4901">return</a>)<br > [ {tisi}: many Editors adopt the conjecture {trisi}, three.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-50" id="linknote-50"> + <a id="linknote-50"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 50 (<a href="#linknoteref-50">return</a>)<br /> [ {anetheken eon}: various + 50 (<a href="#linknoteref-50">return</a>)<br > [ {anetheken eon}: various conjectures have been made here, e.g. {anetheken elon}, {anetheken ion}, {anetheke theo}, {anetheken eont}, {anetheke neon}: the last, which is Bentley's, is perhaps the best; but it is doubtful whether the active form of the verb is admissible.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-51" id="linknote-51"> + <a id="linknote-51"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 51 (<a href="#linknoteref-51">return</a>)<br /> [ {autos}: the MSS. have + 51 (<a href="#linknoteref-51">return</a>)<br > [ {autos}: the MSS. have {auton}. If {autos} is right, the meaning is "from his own property."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-52" id="linknote-52"> + <a id="linknote-52"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 52 (<a href="#linknoteref-52">return</a>)<br /> [ The expression + 52 (<a href="#linknoteref-52">return</a>)<br > [ The expression {Peisistratidai} is used loosely for the family in general.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-53" id="linknote-53"> + <a id="linknote-53"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 53 (<a href="#linknoteref-53">return</a>)<br /> [ {porinou lithou}, + 53 (<a href="#linknoteref-53">return</a>)<br > [ {porinou lithou}, "tufa."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-5301" id="linknote-5301"> + <a id="linknote-5301"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 5301 (<a href="#linknoteref-5301">return</a>)<br /> [ Or "of God."] + 5301 (<a href="#linknoteref-5301">return</a>)<br > [ Or "of God."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-54" id="linknote-54"> + <a id="linknote-54"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 54 (<a href="#linknoteref-54">return</a>)<br /> [ {Koniaion}. There is no + 54 (<a href="#linknoteref-54">return</a>)<br > [ {Koniaion}. There is no such place as Conion known in Thessaly, but we cannot correct the text with any certainty.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-55" id="linknote-55"> + <a id="linknote-55"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 55 (<a href="#linknoteref-55">return</a>)<br /> [ There is perhaps a play + 55 (<a href="#linknoteref-55">return</a>)<br > [ There is perhaps a play of words in {basileus} and {leuster}.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-56" id="linknote-56"> + <a id="linknote-56"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 56 (<a href="#linknoteref-56">return</a>)<br /> [ {prutaneio}.] + 56 (<a href="#linknoteref-56">return</a>)<br > [ {prutaneio}.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-57" id="linknote-57"> + <a id="linknote-57"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 57 (<a href="#linknoteref-57">return</a>)<br /> [ "Rulers of the people."] + 57 (<a href="#linknoteref-57">return</a>)<br > [ "Rulers of the people."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-58" id="linknote-58"> + <a id="linknote-58"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 58 (<a href="#linknoteref-58">return</a>)<br /> [ "Swine-ites."] + 58 (<a href="#linknoteref-58">return</a>)<br > [ "Swine-ites."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-59" id="linknote-59"> + <a id="linknote-59"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 59 (<a href="#linknoteref-59">return</a>)<br /> [ "Ass-ites."] + 59 (<a href="#linknoteref-59">return</a>)<br > [ "Ass-ites."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-60" id="linknote-60"> + <a id="linknote-60"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 60 (<a href="#linknoteref-60">return</a>)<br /> [ "Pig-ites."] + 60 (<a href="#linknoteref-60">return</a>)<br > [ "Pig-ites."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-61" id="linknote-61"> + <a id="linknote-61"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 61 (<a href="#linknoteref-61">return</a>)<br /> [ {proteron aposmenon, tote + 61 (<a href="#linknoteref-61">return</a>)<br > [ {proteron aposmenon, tote panta}: most of the MSS. read {panton} for {panta}. The Editors propose various corrections, e.g. {proteron apospenon panton, tote k.t.l.}, "which before were excluded from everything," or {proteron apospenon, tote panton @@ -3014,139 +2917,139 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger mentioned in ch. 66.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-62" id="linknote-62"> + <a id="linknote-62"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 62 (<a href="#linknoteref-62">return</a>)<br /> [ {tous enageas}.] + 62 (<a href="#linknoteref-62">return</a>)<br > [ {tous enageas}.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-63" id="linknote-63"> + <a id="linknote-63"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 63 (<a href="#linknoteref-63">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. of Athene Polias in + 63 (<a href="#linknoteref-63">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. of Athene Polias in the Erechtheion.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-64" id="linknote-64"> + <a id="linknote-64"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 64 (<a href="#linknoteref-64">return</a>)<br /> [ Cp. iv. 145.] + 64 (<a href="#linknoteref-64">return</a>)<br > [ Cp. iv. 145.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-6401" id="linknote-6401"> + <a id="linknote-6401"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 6401 (<a href="#linknoteref-6401">return</a>)<br /> [ {tous boethous}: most + 6401 (<a href="#linknoteref-6401">return</a>)<br > [ {tous boethous}: most of the MSS. have {tous Boiotous}.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-65" id="linknote-65"> + <a id="linknote-65"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 65 (<a href="#linknoteref-65">return</a>)<br /> [ {ippobotai}.] + 65 (<a href="#linknoteref-65">return</a>)<br > [ {ippobotai}.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-66" id="linknote-66"> + <a id="linknote-66"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 66 (<a href="#linknoteref-66">return</a>)<br /> [ {dimneos + 66 (<a href="#linknoteref-66">return</a>)<br > [ {dimneos apotimesamenoi}.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-67" id="linknote-67"> + <a id="linknote-67"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 67 (<a href="#linknoteref-67">return</a>)<br /> [ See viii. 53.] + 67 (<a href="#linknoteref-67">return</a>)<br > [ See viii. 53.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-68" id="linknote-68"> + <a id="linknote-68"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 68 (<a href="#linknoteref-68">return</a>)<br /> [ {isegorin}: probably not + 68 (<a href="#linknoteref-68">return</a>)<br > [ {isegorin}: probably not "equal freedom of speech," but practically the same as {isonomie}, ch. 37.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-69" id="linknote-69"> + <a id="linknote-69"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 69 (<a href="#linknoteref-69">return</a>)<br /> [ Lit. "penetrated the + 69 (<a href="#linknoteref-69">return</a>)<br > [ Lit. "penetrated the Athenian greatly": most MSS. and Editors read {esineonto} (or {esinonto}) for {esikneonto}, which is given by the first hand in at least two good MSS.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-70" id="linknote-70"> + <a id="linknote-70"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 70 (<a href="#linknoteref-70">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. "Athene + 70 (<a href="#linknoteref-70">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. "Athene (protectress) of the city," who shared with Erechtheus the temple on the Acropolis called the "Erechtheion"; see viii. 55.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-71" id="linknote-71"> + <a id="linknote-71"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 71 (<a href="#linknoteref-71">return</a>)<br /> [ More lit. "to give and + 71 (<a href="#linknoteref-71">return</a>)<br > [ More lit. "to give and receive from one another satisfaction."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-72" id="linknote-72"> + <a id="linknote-72"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 72 (<a href="#linknoteref-72">return</a>)<br /> [ {eti tode poiesai nomon + 72 (<a href="#linknoteref-72">return</a>)<br > [ {eti tode poiesai nomon einai, para sphisi ekateroisi k.t.l.} The Editors punctuate variously, and alterations have been proposed in the text.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-73" id="linknote-73"> + <a id="linknote-73"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 73 (<a href="#linknoteref-73">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. Damia and Auxesia.] + 73 (<a href="#linknoteref-73">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. Damia and Auxesia.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-74" id="linknote-74"> + <a id="linknote-74"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 74 (<a href="#linknoteref-74">return</a>)<br /> [ {ginoito}: some MSS. read + 74 (<a href="#linknoteref-74">return</a>)<br > [ {ginoito}: some MSS. read {an ginoito}, "would become": so Stein and many other Editors.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-75" id="linknote-75"> + <a id="linknote-75"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 75 (<a href="#linknoteref-75">return</a>)<br /> [ Some Editors omit this + 75 (<a href="#linknoteref-75">return</a>)<br > [ Some Editors omit this clause, "whither—refuge."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-76" id="linknote-76"> + <a id="linknote-76"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 76 (<a href="#linknoteref-76">return</a>)<br /> [ "having grown a good + 76 (<a href="#linknoteref-76">return</a>)<br > [ "having grown a good opinion of itself."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-7601" id="linknote-7601"> + <a id="linknote-7601"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 7601 (<a href="#linknoteref-7601">return</a>)<br /> [ Or, altering {oste} + 7601 (<a href="#linknoteref-7601">return</a>)<br > [ Or, altering {oste} to {os ge} or {osper}, "as the neighbours of these men first of all, that is the Boeotians and Chalkidians, have already learnt, and perhaps some others will afterwards learn that they have committed an error." The word @@ -3154,80 +3057,80 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger to the Corinthians, see ch. 75.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-77" id="linknote-77"> + <a id="linknote-77"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 77 (<a href="#linknoteref-77">return</a>)<br /> [ {peiresometha spheas ama + 77 (<a href="#linknoteref-77">return</a>)<br > [ {peiresometha spheas ama umin apikomenoi tisasthai}: some MSS. read {akeomenoi} and omit {tisasthai}. Hence it has been proposed to read {peisesometha sphea ama umin akeomenoi}, "we will endeavour to remedy this with your help," which may be right.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-78" id="linknote-78"> + <a id="linknote-78"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 78 (<a href="#linknoteref-78">return</a>)<br /> [ So the name is given by + 78 (<a href="#linknoteref-78">return</a>)<br > [ So the name is given by the better class of MSS. Others, followed by most Editors, make it "Sosicles."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-79" id="linknote-79"> + <a id="linknote-79"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 79 (<a href="#linknoteref-79">return</a>)<br /> [ {isokratias}.] + 79 (<a href="#linknoteref-79">return</a>)<br > [ {isokratias}.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-80" id="linknote-80"> + <a id="linknote-80"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 80 (<a href="#linknoteref-80">return</a>)<br /> [ Lit. "gave and took (in + 80 (<a href="#linknoteref-80">return</a>)<br > [ Lit. "gave and took (in marriage) from one another."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-81" id="linknote-81"> + <a id="linknote-81"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 81 (<a href="#linknoteref-81">return</a>)<br /> [ {Eetion, outis se tiei + 81 (<a href="#linknoteref-81">return</a>)<br > [ {Eetion, outis se tiei polutiton eonta}: the play upon {Eetion} and {tio} can hardly be rendered. The "rolling rock" in the next line is an allusion to Petra, the name of the deme.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-82" id="linknote-82"> + <a id="linknote-82"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 82 (<a href="#linknoteref-82">return</a>)<br /> [ {aietos en petresi kuei}, + 82 (<a href="#linknoteref-82">return</a>)<br > [ {aietos en petresi kuei}, with a play upon the names {Eetion} ({Aeton}) and {Petre} again.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-83" id="linknote-83"> + <a id="linknote-83"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 83 (<a href="#linknoteref-83">return</a>)<br /> [ {ophruoenta}, "situated + 83 (<a href="#linknoteref-83">return</a>)<br > [ {ophruoenta}, "situated on a brow or edge," the regular descriptive epithet of Corinth.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-84" id="linknote-84"> + <a id="linknote-84"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 84 (<a href="#linknoteref-84">return</a>)<br /> [ {kupselen}: cp. Aristoph. + 84 (<a href="#linknoteref-84">return</a>)<br > [ {kupselen}: cp. Aristoph. Pax, 631.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-85" id="linknote-85"> + <a id="linknote-85"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 85 (<a href="#linknoteref-85">return</a>)<br /> [ {amphidexion}: commonly + 85 (<a href="#linknoteref-85">return</a>)<br > [ {amphidexion}: commonly translated "ambiguous," but in fact the oracle is of the clearest, so much so that Abicht cuts the knot by inserting {ouk}. Stein explains it to mean "doubly favourable," {amphoterothen dexion}. I understand it to mean @@ -3236,115 +3139,115 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger the generation after, and so acts (or cuts) both ways.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-86" id="linknote-86"> + <a id="linknote-86"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 86 (<a href="#linknoteref-86">return</a>)<br /> [ {anapodizon}, "calling + 86 (<a href="#linknoteref-86">return</a>)<br > [ {anapodizon}, "calling him back over the same ground again."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-87" id="linknote-87"> + <a id="linknote-87"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 87 (<a href="#linknoteref-87">return</a>)<br /> [ Evidently the war must be + 87 (<a href="#linknoteref-87">return</a>)<br > [ Evidently the war must be dated earlier than the time of Peisistratos.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-8701" id="linknote-8701"> + <a id="linknote-8701"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 8701 (<a href="#linknoteref-8701">return</a>)<br /> [ Or (according to some + 8701 (<a href="#linknoteref-8701">return</a>)<br > [ Or (according to some MSS.), "another of the citizens, named Hermophantos."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-88" id="linknote-88"> + <a id="linknote-88"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 88 (<a href="#linknoteref-88">return</a>)<br /> [ {tes sulloges oste tauta + 88 (<a href="#linknoteref-88">return</a>)<br > [ {tes sulloges oste tauta sunuphanthenai}, "the assembling together so that these things were woven."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-89" id="linknote-89"> + <a id="linknote-89"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 89 (<a href="#linknoteref-89">return</a>)<br /> [ {kai allos lematos + 89 (<a href="#linknoteref-89">return</a>)<br > [ {kai allos lematos pleos}.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-90" id="linknote-90"> + <a id="linknote-90"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 90 (<a href="#linknoteref-90">return</a>)<br /> [ {plospheresteron}, or + 90 (<a href="#linknoteref-90">return</a>)<br > [ {plospheresteron}, or perhaps {plopheresteron}, "to be preferred"; so one MS.: {plospheres} ordinarily means "like."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-91" id="linknote-91"> + <a id="linknote-91"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 91 (<a href="#linknoteref-91">return</a>)<br /> [ {drepano}, cp. vii. 93.] + 91 (<a href="#linknoteref-91">return</a>)<br > [ {drepano}, cp. vii. 93.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-92" id="linknote-92"> + <a id="linknote-92"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 92 (<a href="#linknoteref-92">return</a>)<br /> [ {delade}, ironical.] + 92 (<a href="#linknoteref-92">return</a>)<br > [ {delade}, ironical.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-93" id="linknote-93"> + <a id="linknote-93"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 93 (<a href="#linknoteref-93">return</a>)<br /> [ Or, "Labranda."] + 93 (<a href="#linknoteref-93">return</a>)<br > [ Or, "Labranda."] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-94" id="linknote-94"> + <a id="linknote-94"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 94 (<a href="#linknoteref-94">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. Carians, Persians, + 94 (<a href="#linknoteref-94">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. Carians, Persians, and Ionians.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-95" id="linknote-95"> + <a id="linknote-95"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 95 (<a href="#linknoteref-95">return</a>)<br /> [ {en Pedaso}: the MSS. + 95 (<a href="#linknoteref-95">return</a>)<br > [ {en Pedaso}: the MSS. vary between {en Pidaso, epi daso}, and {epi lasoisi}, and Valla's translation has "in viam quae in Mylassa fert." Some Editors read {epi Mulasoisi}, others {epi Pedaso}.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-96" id="linknote-96"> + <a id="linknote-96"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 96 (<a href="#linknoteref-96">return</a>)<br /> [ {egkerasamenos pregmata + 96 (<a href="#linknoteref-96">return</a>)<br > [ {egkerasamenos pregmata megala}.] </p> <p> - <a name="linknote-97" id="linknote-97"> + <a id="linknote-97"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 97 (<a href="#linknoteref-97">return</a>)<br /> [ {andros logopoiou}.] + 97 (<a href="#linknoteref-97">return</a>)<br > [ {andros logopoiou}.] </p> <p> - <br /> <br /> + <br > <br > </p> - <hr /> + <hr > <p> - <br /> <br /> <a name="link62H_4_0001" id="link62H_4_0001"> + <br > <br > <a id="link62H_4_0001"> <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> </p> <h2> @@ -3423,9 +3326,8 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 7. These, I say, were advancing upon Miletos and the rest of Ionia; and meanwhile the Ionians being informed of this were sending deputies <a - href="#link6note-1" name="link6noteref-1" id="link6noteref-1">1</a> chosen - from themselves to the Panionion. <a href="#link6note-2" - name="link6noteref-2" id="link6noteref-2">2</a> When these had arrived at + href="#link6note-1" id="link6noteref-1">1</a> chosen + from themselves to the Panionion. <a href="#link6note-2" id="link6noteref-2">2</a> When these had arrived at that place and took counsel together, they resolved not to gather a land-army to oppose the Persians, but that the Milesians should defend their walls by themselves, and that the Ionians should man their fleet, @@ -3497,10 +3399,9 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 12. Hearing this the Ionians delivered themselves to Dionysios; and he used to bring the ships out every day in single file, <a - href="#link6note-3" name="link6noteref-3" id="link6noteref-3">3</a> that + href="#link6note-3" id="link6noteref-3">3</a> that he might practise the rowers by making the ships break through one - another's line, <a href="#link6note-4" name="link6noteref-4" - id="link6noteref-4">4</a> and that he might get the fighting-men in the + another's line, <a href="#link6note-4" id="link6noteref-4">4</a> and that he might get the fighting-men in the ships under arms; an then for the rest of the day he would keep the ships at anchor; and thus he gave the Ionians work to do during the whole day. For seven days then they submitted and did that which he commanded; but on @@ -3529,9 +3430,9 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger part of the Ionians, while at the same time it was clear to them that it was impossible to overcome the power of the king; and they well knew also that even if they should overcome the present naval force of Dareios, <a - href="#link6note-5" name="link6noteref-5" id="link6noteref-5">5</a> + href="#link6note-5" id="link6noteref-5">5</a> another would be upon them five times as large. Having found an occasion - <a href="#link6note-6" name="link6noteref-6" id="link6noteref-6">6</a> + <a href="#link6note-6" id="link6noteref-6">6</a> then, so soon as they saw that the Ionians refused to be serviceable, they counted it gain for themselves to save their temples and their private property. Now Aiakes, from whom the Samians accepted the proposals, was @@ -3551,8 +3452,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger captains stayed in their places and took part in the sea-fight, refusing to obey the commanders of their division; and the public authority of the Samians granted them on account of this to have their names written up on - a pillar with their fathers' names also, <a href="#link6note-601" - name="link6noteref-601" id="link6noteref-601">601</a> as having proved + a pillar with their fathers' names also, <a href="#link6note-601" id="link6noteref-601">601</a> as having proved themselves good men; and this pillar exists still in the market-place. Then the Lesbians also, when they saw that those next them in order were taking to flight, did the same things as the Samians had done, and so also @@ -3560,12 +3460,10 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 15. Of those which remained in their places in the sea-fight the Chians - suffered very severely, <a href="#link6note-7" name="link6noteref-7" - id="link6noteref-7">7</a> since they displayed brilliant deeds of valour + suffered very severely, <a href="#link6note-7" id="link6noteref-7">7</a> since they displayed brilliant deeds of valour and refused to play the coward. These furnished, as was before said, a hundred ships and in each of them forty picked men of their citizens - served as fighting-men; <a href="#link6note-8" name="link6noteref-8" - id="link6noteref-8">8</a> and when they saw the greater number of their + served as fighting-men; <a href="#link6note-8" id="link6noteref-8">8</a> and when they saw the greater number of their allies deserting them, they did not think fit to behave like the cowards among them, but left along with a few only of their allies they continued to fight and kept breaking through the enemy's line; until at last, after @@ -3578,8 +3476,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger which they had received, being pursued fled for refuge to Mycale; and their ships they ran ashore there and left them behind, while the men proceeded over the mainland on foot: and when the Chians had entered the - Ephesian territory on their way, then since <a href="#link6note-801" - name="link6noteref-801" id="link6noteref-801">801</a> they came into it by + Ephesian territory on their way, then since <a href="#link6note-801" id="link6noteref-801">801</a> they came into it by night and at a time when a festival of Thesmophoria was being celebrated by the women of the place, the Ephesians, not having heard beforehand how it was with the Chians and seeing that an armed body had entered their @@ -3589,7 +3486,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 17. Such was the fortune which befell these men: but Dionysios the Phocaian, when he perceived that the cause of the Ionians was ruined, - after having taken three ships of the enemy sailed away, not to Pocaia any + after having taken three ships of the enemy sailed away, not to Phocaia any more, for he knew well that it would be reduced to slavery together with the rest of Ionia, and he sailed forthwith straight to Phenicia; and having there sunk merchant ships and taken a great quantity of goods, he @@ -3601,7 +3498,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 18. The Persians, then, being conquerors of the Ionians in the sea-fight, besieged Miletos by land and sea, undermining the walls and bringing against it all manner of engines; and they took it completely <a - href="#link6note-9" name="link6noteref-9" id="link6noteref-9">9</a> in the + href="#link6note-9" id="link6noteref-9">9</a> in the sixth year from the revolt of Aristagoras, and reduced the people to slavery; so that the disaster agreed with the oracle which had been uttered with reference to Miletos.. @@ -3612,11 +3509,10 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger is to say, part of it had reference to the Argives themselves, while that which was added afterwards referred to the Milesians. The part of it which had reference to the Argives I will record when I reach that place in the - history, <a href="#link6note-10" name="link6noteref-10" - id="link6noteref-10">10</a> but that which the Oracle uttered with + history, <a href="#link6note-10" id="link6noteref-10">10</a> but that which the Oracle uttered with reference to the Milesians, who were not there present, is as follows: </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> +<pre> "And at that time, O Miletos, of evil deeds the contriver, Thou shalt be made for many a glorious gift and a banquet: Then shall thy wives be compelled to wash the feet of the long-haired, @@ -3628,8 +3524,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger women and children were dealt with as slaves; and the temple at Didyma, with the sacred building and the sanctuary of the Oracle, was first plundered and then burnt. Of the things in this temple I have made mention - frequently in other parts of the history. <a href="#link6note-11" - name="link6noteref-11" id="link6noteref-11">11</a>. + frequently in other parts of the history. <a href="#link6note-11" id="link6noteref-11">11</a>. </p> <p> 20. After this the Milesians who had been taken prisoner were conducted to @@ -3663,7 +3558,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger colony, and not to stay behind and be slaves of the Medes and of Aiakes: for just at this time the people of Zancle in Sicily were sending messengers to Ionia and inviting the Ionians to come to the "Fair Strand," - <a href="#link6note-1101" name="link6noteref-1101" id="link6noteref-1101">1101</a> + <a href="#link6note-1101" id="link6noteref-1101">1101</a> desiring there to found a city of Ionians. Now this which is called the Fair Strand is in the land of the Sikelians and on that side of Sicily which lies towards Tyrsenia. So when these gave the invitation, the @@ -3687,8 +3582,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger army had come up to their rescue, first he put Skythes the ruler of the Zanclaians in fetters, on the ground that he had been the cause of the city being lost, and together with him his brother Pythogenes, and sent - them away to the town of Incyos; <a href="#link6note-12" - name="link6noteref-12" id="link6noteref-12">12</a> then he betrayed the + them away to the town of Incyos; <a href="#link6note-12" id="link6noteref-12">12</a> then he betrayed the cause of the remaining Zanclaians by coming to terms with the Samians and exchanging oaths with them; and in return for this it had been promised by the Samians that Hippocrates should receive as his share the half of all @@ -3714,7 +3608,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger since he had been to them of much service and had done for them great things; and the Samians alone of all who revolted from Dareios, because of the desertion of their ships which were in the sea-fight, <a - href="#link6note-13" name="link6noteref-13" id="link6noteref-13">13</a> + href="#link6note-13" id="link6noteref-13">13</a> had neither their city nor their temples burnt. Then after the capture of Miletos the Persians forthwith got possession of Caria, some of the cities having submitted to their power voluntarily, while others of them they @@ -3729,8 +3623,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger man of Abydos, while he himself with the Lesbians sailed to Chios; and when a body of the Chians who were on guard did not allow him to approach, he fought with them at that spot in the Chian land which is called the - "Hollows." <a href="#link6note-14" name="link6noteref-14" - id="link6noteref-14">14</a> Histiaios then not only slew many of these, + "Hollows." <a href="#link6note-14" id="link6noteref-14">14</a> Histiaios then not only slew many of these, but also, taking Polichne of the Chians as his base, he conquered with the help of the Lesbians the remainder of the Chians as well, since they had suffered great loss by the sea-fight.. @@ -3743,7 +3636,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger returned home, the remaining ninety-eight of them having been seized by a plague and carried off; and then secondly in their city about the same time, that is shortly before the sea-fight, as some children were being - taught <a href="#link6note-15" name="link6noteref-15" id="link6noteref-15">15</a> + taught <a href="#link6note-15" id="link6noteref-15">15</a> in school the roof fell in upon them, so that of a hundred and twenty children only one escaped. These signs God showed to them beforehand; and after this the sea-fight came upon them and brought their State down upon @@ -3756,10 +3649,9 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger town of Thasos, a report came to him that the Phenicians were sailing up from Miletos to conquer the rest of Ionia. Being informed of this he left Thasos unconquered and himself hastened to Lesbos, taking with him his - whole army. Then, as his army was in want of food, <a href="#link6note-16" - name="link6noteref-16" id="link6noteref-16">16</a> he crossed over from + whole army. Then, as his army was in want of food, <a href="#link6note-16" id="link6noteref-16">16</a> he crossed over from Lesbos to reap the corn in Atarneus and also that in the plain of the - Caïcos, which belonged to the Mysians. In these parts there chanced to be + Caïcos, which belonged to the Mysians. In these parts there chanced to be a Persian named Harpagos commanding a considerable force; and this man fought a battle with him after he had landed, and he took Histiaios himself prisoner and destroyed the greater part of his army.. @@ -3769,8 +3661,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Hellenes were fighting with the Persians at Malene in the district of Atarneus, after they had been engaged in close combat for a long time, the cavalry at length charged and fell upon the Hellenes; and the cavalry in - fact decided the battle. <a href="#link6note-17" name="link6noteref-17" - id="link6noteref-17">17</a> So when the Hellenes had been turned to + fact decided the battle. <a href="#link6note-17" id="link6noteref-17">17</a> So when the Hellenes had been turned to flight, Histiaios trusting that he would not be put to death by the king on account of his present fault, conceived a love of life, so that when he was being caught in his flight by a Persian and was about to be run @@ -3798,7 +3689,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger year conquered without difficulty the islands lying near the mainland, Chios, Lesbos, and Tenedos; and whenever they took one of the islands, the Barbarians, as each was conquered, swept the inhabitants off it; <a - href="#link6note-18" name="link6noteref-18" id="link6noteref-18">18</a> + href="#link6note-18" id="link6noteref-18">18</a> and this they do in the following manner:—they extend themselves from the sea on the North to the sea on the South, each man having hold of the hand of the next, and then they pass through the whole island hunting @@ -3826,8 +3717,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger of Byzantion and those of Calchedon opposite did not even wait for the coming of the Persian ships, but had left their own land first and departed, going within the Euxine; and there they settled in the city of - Mesambria. <a href="#link6note-19" name="link6noteref-19" - id="link6noteref-19">19</a> So the Phenicians, having burnt these places + Mesambria. <a href="#link6note-19" id="link6noteref-19">19</a> So the Phenicians, having burnt these places which have been mentioned, directed their course next to Proconnesos and Artake; and when they had delivered these also to the flames, they sailed back to the Chersonese to destroy the remaining cities which they had not @@ -3835,8 +3725,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger sail at all; for the men of Kyzicos even before the time when the Phenicians sailed in had submitted to the king of their own accord, and had made terms with Oibares the son of Megabazos, the Persian governor at - Daskyleion. <a href="#link6note-20" name="link6noteref-20" - id="link6noteref-20">20</a>. + Daskyleion. <a href="#link6note-20" id="link6noteref-20">20</a>. </p> <p> 34. In the Chersonese then the Phenicians made themselves masters of all @@ -3880,7 +3769,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger over them. First then he made a wall across the isthmus of the Chersonese from the city of Cardia to Pactye, in order that the Apsinthians might not be able to invade the land and do them damage. Now the number of furlongs - <a href="#link6note-21" name="link6noteref-21" id="link6noteref-21">21</a> + <a href="#link6note-21" id="link6noteref-21">21</a> across the isthmus at this place is six-and-thirty, and from this isthmus the Chersonese within is altogether four hundred and twenty furlongs in length.. @@ -3890,11 +3779,11 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger in this manner repelled the Apsinthians, Miltiades made war upon the people of Lampsacos first of all others; and the people of Lampsacos laid an ambush and took him prisoner. Now Miltiades had come to be a friend <a - href="#link6note-22" name="link6noteref-22" id="link6noteref-22">22</a> of + href="#link6note-22" id="link6noteref-22">22</a> of Croesus the Lydian; and Croesus accordingly, being informed of this event, sent and commanded the people of Lampsacos to let Miltiades go; otherwise he threatened to destroy them utterly like a pine-tree. <a - href="#link6note-23" name="link6noteref-23" id="link6noteref-23">23</a> + href="#link6note-23" id="link6noteref-23">23</a> Then when the people of Lampsacos were perplexed in their counsels as to what that saying should mean with which Croesus had threatened them, namely that he would destroy them utterly like a pine-tree, at length one @@ -3907,8 +3796,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 38. He then escaped by means of Croesus, but afterwards he brought his life to an end leaving no son to succeed him, but passing over his rule and his possessions to Stesagoras, who was the son of Kimon, his brother - on the mother's side: <a href="#link6note-24" name="link6noteref-24" - id="link6noteref-24">24</a> and the people of the Chersonese still offer + on the mother's side: <a href="#link6note-24" id="link6noteref-24">24</a> and the people of the Chersonese still offer sacrifices to him after his death as it is usual to do to a founder, and hold in his honour a contest of horse-races and athletic exercises, in which none of the men of Lampsacos are allowed to contend. After this @@ -3924,10 +3812,9 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger by the sons of Peisistratos, who had dealt well with him at Athens also, pretending that they had had no share in the death of his father Kimon, of which in another part of the history I will set forth how it came to pass. - <a href="#link6note-25" name="link6noteref-25" id="link6noteref-25">25</a> + <a href="#link6note-25" id="link6noteref-25">25</a> Now Miltiades, when he came to the Chersonese, kept himself within his - house, paying honours in all appearance <a href="#link6note-26" - name="link6noteref-26" id="link6noteref-26">26</a> to the memory of his + house, paying honours in all appearance <a href="#link6note-26" id="link6noteref-26">26</a> to the memory of his brother Stesagoras; and the chief men of the inhabitants of the Chersonese in every place, being informed of this, gathered themselves together from all the cities and came in a body to condole with him, and when they had @@ -3938,8 +3825,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 40. Now this Miltiades son of Kimon had at the time of which we speak but - lately returned <a href="#link6note-27" name="link6noteref-27" - id="link6noteref-27">27</a> to the Chersonese; and after he had returned, + lately returned <a href="#link6note-27" id="link6noteref-27">27</a> to the Chersonese; and after he had returned, there befell him other misfortunes worse than those which had befallen him already; for two years before this he had been a fugitive out of the land from the Scythians, since the nomad Scythians provoked by king Dareios had @@ -3980,7 +3866,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger satisfaction for wrongs and not plunder one another's land. This he compelled them to do, and also he measured their territories by parasangs,—that is the name which the Persians give to the length of thirty furlongs, <a - href="#link6note-28" name="link6noteref-28" id="link6noteref-28">28</a>—he + href="#link6note-28" id="link6noteref-28">28</a>—he measured, I say, by these, and appointed a certain amount of tribute for each people, which continues still unaltered from that time even to my own days, as it was appointed by Artaphrenes; and the tribute was appointed to @@ -3998,8 +3884,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Asia came to Ionia: and here I shall relate a thing which will be a great marvel to those of the Hellenes who do not believe that to the seven men of the Persians Otanes declared as his opinion that the Persians ought to - have popular rule; <a href="#link6note-29" name="link6noteref-29" - id="link6noteref-29">29</a> for Mardonios deposed all the despots of the + have popular rule; <a href="#link6note-29" id="link6noteref-29">29</a> for Mardonios deposed all the despots of the Ionians and established popular governments in the cities. Having so done he hastened on to the Hellespont; and when there was collected a vast number of ships and a large land-army, they crossed over the Hellespont in @@ -4013,16 +3898,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger who did not even raise a hand to defend themselves: then with the land-army they gained the Macedonians to be their servants in addition to those whom they had already; for all the nations on the East of the - Macedonians <a href="#link6note-30" name="link6noteref-30" - id="link6noteref-30">30</a> had become subject to them already before + Macedonians <a href="#link6note-30" id="link6noteref-30">30</a> had become subject to them already before this. Crossing over then from Thasos to the opposite coast, they proceeded on their way near the land as far as Acanthos, and then starting from Acanthos they attempted to get round Mount Athos; but as they sailed round, there fell upon them a violent North Wind, against which they could do nothing, and handled them very roughly, casting away very many of their ships on Mount Athos. It is said indeed that the number of the ships - destroyed was three hundred, <a href="#link6note-3001" - name="link6noteref-3001" id="link6noteref-3001">3001</a>, and more than + destroyed was three hundred, <a href="#link6note-3001" id="link6noteref-3001">3001</a>, and more than twenty thousand men; for as this sea which is about Athos is very full of sea monsters, some were seized by these and so perished, while others were dashed against the rocks; and some of them did not know how to swim and @@ -4047,8 +3930,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger the Milesian and at the same time had large revenues coming in, were using their money in building ships of war and in surrounding their city with a stronger wall. Now the revenues came to them from the mainland and from - the mines: from the gold-mines in Scapte Hyle <a href="#link6note-31" - name="link6noteref-31" id="link6noteref-31">31</a> there came in generally + the mines: from the gold-mines in Scapte Hyle <a href="#link6note-31" id="link6noteref-31">31</a> there came in generally eighty talents a year, and from those in Thasos itself a smaller amount than this but so much that in general the Thasians, without taxes upon the produce of their soil, had a revenue from the mainland and from the mines @@ -4079,8 +3961,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 49. They then were engaged in preparing these things; and meanwhile when the heralds had come to Hellas, many of those who dwelt upon the mainland - gave that for which the Persian made demand, <a href="#link6note-32" - name="link6noteref-32" id="link6noteref-32">32</a> and all those who dwelt + gave that for which the Persian made demand, <a href="#link6note-32" id="link6noteref-32">32</a> and all those who dwelt in the islands did so, to whomsoever they came to make their demand. The islanders, I say, gave earth and water to Dareios, and among them also those of Egina, and when these had done so, the Athenians went forthwith @@ -4102,7 +3983,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Athenians with money; otherwise he would have come and seized them in company with the other king: and this he said by reason of a message received from Demaratos. Cleomenes then as he departed from Egina, asked - Crios <a href="#link6note-33" name="link6noteref-33" id="link6noteref-33">33</a> + Crios <a href="#link6note-33" id="link6noteref-33">33</a> what was his name, and he told him the truth; and Cleomenes said to him: "Surely now, O Ram, thou must cover over thy horns with bronze for thou wilt shortly have a great trouble to contend with." @@ -4133,8 +4014,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger be made kings. The Lacedemonians then were in a strait; and being in a strait they sent to Delphi to inquire what they should do in the matter. And the Pythian prophetess bade them regard both children as their kings, - but honour most the first in age. <a href="#link6note-34" - name="link6noteref-34" id="link6noteref-34">34</a> The prophetess, they + but honour most the first in age. <a href="#link6note-34" id="link6noteref-34">34</a> The prophetess, they say, thus gave answer to them; and when the Lacedemonians were at a loss none the less how to find out the elder of them, a Messenian whose name was Panites made a suggestion to them: this Panites, I say, suggested to @@ -4149,8 +4029,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger honour thus to the first-born both in feeding and in washing; for she did not know with that design she was being watched. They took therefore the child which was honoured by its mother and brought it up as the first-born - in the public hall, <a href="#link6note-35" name="link6noteref-35" - id="link6noteref-35">35</a> and to it was given the name of Eurysthenes, + in the public hall, <a href="#link6note-35" id="link6noteref-35">35</a> and to it was given the name of Eurysthenes, while the other was called Procles. These, when they had grown up, both themselves were at variance, they say, with one another, though they were brothers, throughout the whole time of their lives, and their descendants @@ -4161,8 +4040,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Hellenes; but this which follows I write in accordance with that which is reported by the Hellenes generally,—I mean that the names of these kings of the Dorians are rightly enumerated by the Hellenes up to Perseus - the son of Danae (leaving the god out of account), <a href="#link6note-36" - name="link6noteref-36" id="link6noteref-36">36</a> and proved to be of + the son of Danae (leaving the god out of account), <a href="#link6note-36" id="link6noteref-36">36</a> and proved to be of Hellenic race; for even from that time they were reckoned as Hellenes. I said "up to Perseus" and did not take the descent from a yet higher point, because there is no name mentioned of a mortal father for Perseus, as @@ -4189,7 +4067,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 56. These are the royal rights which have been given by the Spartans to their kings, namely, two priesthoods, of Zeus Lakedaimon and Zeus Uranios; - <a href="#link6note-37" name="link6noteref-37" id="link6noteref-37">37</a> + <a href="#link6note-37" id="link6noteref-37">37</a> and the right of making war against whatsoever land they please, and that no man of the Spartans shall hinder this right, or if he do, he shall be subject to the curse; and that when they go on expeditions the kings shall @@ -4208,20 +4086,16 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger pouring of libations and the hides of the animals slain in sacrifice; that on every new moon and seventh day of the month there shall be delivered at the public charge to each one of these a full-grown victim in the temple - of Apollo, and a measure <a href="#link6note-38" name="link6noteref-38" - id="link6noteref-38">38</a> of barley-groats and a Laconian "quarter" <a - href="#link6note-39" name="link6noteref-39" id="link6noteref-39">39</a> of + of Apollo, and a measure <a href="#link6note-38" id="link6noteref-38">38</a> of barley-groats and a Laconian "quarter" <a + href="#link6note-39" id="link6noteref-39">39</a> of wine; and that at all the games they shall have seats of honour specially set apart for them: moreover it is their privilege to appoint as - protectors of strangers <a href="#link6note-40" name="link6noteref-40" - id="link6noteref-40">40</a> whomsoever they will of the citizens, and to + protectors of strangers <a href="#link6note-40" id="link6noteref-40">40</a> whomsoever they will of the citizens, and to choose each two "Pythians:" now the Pythians are men sent to consult the god at Delphi, and they eat with the kings at the public charge. And if the kings do not come to the dinner, it is the rule that there shall be - sent out for them to their houses two quarts <a href="#link6note-41" - name="link6noteref-41" id="link6noteref-41">41</a> of barley-groats for - each one and half a pint <a href="#link6note-42" name="link6noteref-42" - id="link6noteref-42">42</a> of wine; but if they are present, double + sent out for them to their houses two quarts <a href="#link6note-41" id="link6noteref-41">41</a> of barley-groats for + each one and half a pint <a href="#link6note-42" id="link6noteref-42">42</a> of wine; but if they are present, double shares of everything shall be given them, and moreover they shall be honoured in this same manner when they have been invited to dinner by private persons. The kings also, it is ordained, shall have charge of the @@ -4235,7 +4109,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger eight-and-twenty, and if they do not come, those of the Senators who are most closely related to them shall have the privileges of the kings and give two votes besides their own, making three in all. <a - href="#link6note-4201" name="link6noteref-4201" id="link6noteref-4201">4201</a>. + href="#link6note-4201" id="link6noteref-4201">4201</a>. </p> <p> 58. These rights have been assigned to the kings for their lifetime by the @@ -4249,8 +4123,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger in Asia, for most of the Barbarians practise the same customs as regards the death of their kings. Whensoever a king of the Lacedemonians is dead, then from the whole territory of Lacedemon, not reckoning the Spartans, a - certain fixed number of the "dwellers round" <a href="#link6note-43" - name="link6noteref-43" id="link6noteref-43">43</a> are compelled to go to + certain fixed number of the "dwellers round" <a href="#link6note-43" id="link6noteref-43">43</a> are compelled to go to the funeral ceremony: </p> <p> @@ -4279,9 +4152,8 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 61. Thus are these things done: and at this time of which we speak, <a - href="#link6note-44" name="link6noteref-44" id="link6noteref-44">44</a> - while Cleomenes was in Egina doing deeds <a href="#link6note-45" - name="link6noteref-45" id="link6noteref-45">45</a> which were for the + href="#link6note-44" id="link6noteref-44">44</a> + while Cleomenes was in Egina doing deeds <a href="#link6note-45" id="link6noteref-45">45</a> which were for the common service of Hellas, Demaratos brought charges against him, not so much because he cared for the Eginetans as because he felt envy and jealousy of him. Then Cleomenes, after he returned from Egina, planned to @@ -4326,17 +4198,16 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger obtain from him the like return, endeavoured then to take away the wife of his comrade from him: and he said that he consented to give anything else except this one thing only, but at length being compelled by the oath and - by the treacherous deception, <a href="#link6note-46" - name="link6noteref-46" id="link6noteref-46">46</a> he allowed her to be + by the treacherous deception, <a href="#link6note-46" id="link6noteref-46">46</a> he allowed her to be taken away from him.. </p> <p> 63. Thus had Ariston brought into his house the third wife, having dismissed the second: and this wife, not having fulfilled the ten months - <a href="#link6note-47" name="link6noteref-47" id="link6noteref-47">47</a> + <a href="#link6note-47" id="link6noteref-47">47</a> but in a shorter period of time, bore him that Demaratos of whom we were speaking; and one of his servants reported to him as he was sitting in - council <a href="#link6note-48" name="link6noteref-48" id="link6noteref-48">48</a> + council <a href="#link6note-48" id="link6noteref-48">48</a> with the Ephors, that a son had been born to him. He then, knowing the time when he took to him his wife, and reckoning the months upon his fingers, said, denying with an oath, "The child would not be mine." This @@ -4344,19 +4215,17 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger moment; and the child grew up and Ariston repented of that which he had said, for he thought Demaratos was certainly his own son; and he gave him the name "Demaratos" for this reason, namely because before these things - took place the Spartan people all in a body <a href="#link6note-49" - name="link6noteref-49" id="link6noteref-49">49</a> had made a vow <a - href="#link6note-50" name="link6noteref-50" id="link6noteref-50">50</a> + took place the Spartan people all in a body <a href="#link6note-49" id="link6noteref-49">49</a> had made a vow <a + href="#link6note-50" id="link6noteref-50">50</a> praying that a son might be born to Ariston, as one who was pre-eminent in renown over all the kings who had ever arisen in Sparta. </p> <p> - 64. For this reason the name Demaratos <a href="#link6note-51" - name="link6noteref-51" id="link6noteref-51">51</a> was given to him. And + 64. For this reason the name Demaratos <a href="#link6note-51" id="link6noteref-51">51</a> was given to him. And as time went on Ariston died, and Demaratos obtained the kingdom: but it was fated apparently that these things should become known and should cause Demaratos to be deposed from the kingdom; and therefore <a - href="#link6note-52" name="link6noteref-52" id="link6noteref-52">52</a> + href="#link6note-52" id="link6noteref-52">52</a> Demaratos came to be at variance greatly with Cleomenes both at the former time when he withdrew his army from Eleusis, and also now especially, when Cleomenes had crossed over to take those of the Eginetans who had gone @@ -4391,7 +4260,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Cleomenes to the Pythian prophetess, thereupon Cleomenes gained over to his side Cobon the son of Aristophantos, who had most power among the Delphians, and Cobin persuaded Perialla the prophetess of the Oracle <a - href="#link6note-53" name="link6noteref-53" id="link6noteref-53">53</a> to + href="#link6note-53" id="link6noteref-53">53</a> to say that which Cleomenes desired to have said. Thus the Pythian prophetess, when those who were sent to consult the god asked her their question, gave decision that Demaratos was not the son of Ariston. @@ -4418,15 +4287,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 68. Then when his mother had come, he put into her hands some of the inner - parts <a href="#link6note-54" name="link6noteref-54" id="link6noteref-54">54</a> + parts <a href="#link6note-54" id="link6noteref-54">54</a> of the victim, and besought her, saying as follows: "Mother, I beseech thee, appealing to the other gods and above all to this Zeus the guardian - of the household, <a href="#link6note-55" name="link6noteref-55" - id="link6noteref-55">55</a> to tell me the truth, who is really and truly + of the household, <a href="#link6note-55" id="link6noteref-55">55</a> to tell me the truth, who is really and truly my father. For Leotychides spoke in his contention with me, saying that thou didst come to Ariston with child by thy former husband; and others besides, reporting that which is doubtless an idle tale, <a - href="#link6note-56" name="link6noteref-56" id="link6noteref-56">56</a> + href="#link6note-56" id="link6noteref-56">56</a> say that thou didst go in to one of the servants, namely the keeper of the asses, and that I am his son. I therefore entreat thee by the gods to tell me the truth; for if thou hast done any of these things which are @@ -4439,7 +4307,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 69. Thus he spoke, and she made answer as follows: "My son, since thou dost beseech me with entreaties to speak the truth, the whole truth shall be told to thee. When Ariston had brought me into his house, on the third - night <a href="#link6note-57" name="link6noteref-57" id="link6noteref-57">57</a> + night <a href="#link6note-57" id="link6noteref-57">57</a> there came to me an apparition in the likeness of Ariston, and having lain with me it put upon me the garlands which it had on; and the apparition straitway departed, and after this Ariston came; and when he saw me with @@ -4450,7 +4318,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger seeing that I made oath of it, perceived that the matter was of the gods; and first the garlands were found to be from the hero-temple which stands by the outer door of the house, which they call the temple of Astrabacos, - <a href="#link6note-58" name="link6noteref-58" id="link6noteref-58">58</a> + <a href="#link6note-58" id="link6noteref-58">58</a> and secondly the diviners gave answer that it was this same hero. Thus, my son, thou hast all, as much as thou desirest to learn; for either thou art begotten of this hero and the hero Astrabacos is thy father, or Ariston is @@ -4480,7 +4348,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger great honour as a guest, and also gave him land and cities. Thus Demaratos had come to Asia, and such was the fortune which he had had, having been distinguished in the estimation of the Lacedemonians <a - href="#link6note-59" name="link6noteref-59" id="link6noteref-59">59</a> in + href="#link6note-59" id="link6noteref-59">59</a> in many other ways both by deeds and by counsels, and especially having gained for them an Olympic victory with the four-horse chariot, being the only one who achieved this of all the kings who ever arose in Sparta. @@ -4496,8 +4364,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger she being given to him by Leotychides.. </p> <p> - 72. Leotychides however did not himself <a href="#link6note-60" - name="link6noteref-60" id="link6noteref-60">60</a> live to old age in + 72. Leotychides however did not himself <a href="#link6note-60" id="link6noteref-60">60</a> live to old age in Sparta, but paid a retribution for Demaratos as follows:—he went as commander of the Lacedemonians to invade Thessaly, and when he might have reduced all to subjection, he accepted gifts of money amounting to a large @@ -4515,7 +4382,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger them, thought fit no longer to resist; and the Spartans selected ten men who were the most considerable among the Eginetans both by wealth and by birth, and took them away as prisoners, and among others also Crios <a - href="#link6note-61" name="link6noteref-61" id="link6noteref-61">61</a> + href="#link6note-61" id="link6noteref-61">61</a> the son of Polycritos and Casambos the son of Aristocrates, who had the greatest power among them; and having taken these away to the land of Attica, they deposited them as a charge with the Athenians, who were the @@ -4525,13 +4392,13 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 74. After this Cleomenes, since it had become known that he had devised evil against Demaratos, was seized by fear of the Spartans and retired to Thessaly. Thence he came to Arcadia, and began to make mischief <a - href="#link6note-62" name="link6noteref-62" id="link6noteref-62">62</a> + href="#link6note-62" id="link6noteref-62">62</a> and to combine the Arcadians against Sparta; and besides other oaths with which he caused them to swear that they would assuredly follow him whithersoever he should lead them, he was very desirous also to bring the chiefs of the Arcadians to the city of Nonacris and cause them to swear by the water of Styx; for near this city it is said by the Arcadians <a - href="#link6note-63" name="link6noteref-63" id="link6noteref-63">63</a> + href="#link6note-63" id="link6noteref-63">63</a> that there is the water of Styx, and there is in fact something of this kind: a small stream of water is seen to trickle down from a rock into a hollow ravine, and round the ravine runs a wall of rough stones. Now @@ -4543,7 +4410,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger afraid, and proceeded to bring him back to Sparta to rule on the same terms as before: but when he had come back, forthwith a disease of madness seized him (who had been even before this somewhat insane <a - href="#link6note-64" name="link6noteref-64" id="link6noteref-64">64</a>), + href="#link6note-64" id="link6noteref-64">64</a>), and whenever he met any of the Spartans, he dashed his staff against the man's face. And as he continued to do this and had gone quite out of his senses, his kinsmen bound him in stocks. Then being so bound, and seeing @@ -4559,7 +4426,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger he persuaded the Pythian prophetess to advise that which was done about Demaratos; but as the Athenians alone report, it was because when he invaded Eleusis he laid waste the sacred enclosure of the goddesses; <a - href="#link6note-65" name="link6noteref-65" id="link6noteref-65">65</a> + href="#link6note-65" id="link6noteref-65">65</a> and according to the report of the Argives, because from their sanctuary dedicated to Argos he caused to come down those of the Argives who had fled for refuge from the battle and slew them, and also set fire to the @@ -4582,16 +4449,15 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 77. Being informed of this, the Argives came to the rescue towards the sea; and when they had got near Tiryns and were at the place which is - called Hesipeia, <a href="#link6note-66" name="link6noteref-66" - id="link6noteref-66">66</a> they encamped opposite to the Lacedemonians + called Hesipeia, <a href="#link6note-66" id="link6noteref-66">66</a> they encamped opposite to the Lacedemonians leaving no very wide space between the armies. There the Argives were not afraid of the open fighting, but only lest they should be conquered by craft; for to this they thought referred the oracle which the Pythian prophetess gave in common to these and to the Milesians, <a - href="#link6note-67" name="link6noteref-67" id="link6noteref-67">67</a> + href="#link6note-67" id="link6noteref-67">67</a> saying as follows: </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> +<pre> "But when the female at length shall conquer the male in the battle, Conquer and drive him forth, and glory shall gain among Argives, Then many wives of the Argives shall tear both cheeks in their mourning; @@ -4622,7 +4488,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger shut up in the sanctuary, mentioning each by name; and he summoned them forth saying that he had received their ransom. Now among the Peloponnesians ransom is two pounds weight of silver <a - href="#link6note-68" name="link6noteref-68" id="link6noteref-68">68</a> + href="#link6note-68" id="link6noteref-68">68</a> appointed to be paid for each prisoner. So Cleomenes summoned forth about fifty of the Argives one by one and slew them; and it chanced that the rest who were in the enclosure did not perceive that this was being done; @@ -4659,20 +4525,18 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger conquered the sanctuary of Argos, it seemed to him that the oracle of the god had had its fulfilment for him; therefore he did not think it right to make an attempt on the city, at least until he should have had recourse to - sacrifice, and should have learnt whether the deity <a href="#link6note-69" - name="link6noteref-69" id="link6noteref-69">69</a> permitted him or + sacrifice, and should have learnt whether the deity <a href="#link6note-69" id="link6noteref-69">69</a> permitted him or whether she stood opposed to him: and as he was sacrificing for augury <a - href="#link6note-70" name="link6noteref-70" id="link6noteref-70">70</a> in + href="#link6note-70" id="link6noteref-70">70</a> in the temple of Hera, a flame of fire blazed forth from the breasts of the image; and thus he knew the certainty of the matter, namely that he would not conquer Argos: for if fire had blazed forth from the head of the image, he would have been conqueror of the city from top to bottom, <a - href="#link6note-71" name="link6noteref-71" id="link6noteref-71">71</a> + href="#link6note-71" id="link6noteref-71">71</a> but since it blazed from the breasts, everything had been accomplished for him which the god desired should come to pass. Thus speaking he seemed to the Spartans to speak credibly and reasonably, and he easily escaped his - pursuers. <a href="#link6note-72" name="link6noteref-72" - id="link6noteref-72">72</a> + pursuers. <a href="#link6note-72" id="link6noteref-72">72</a> </p> <p> 83. Argos however was so bereft of men that their slaves took possession @@ -4702,8 +4566,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger was fit, he learnt the practice of drinking wine unmixed with water; and for this cause (as the Spartans think) he went mad. Thenceforth, as they say themselves, when they desire to drink stronger wine, they say "Fill up - in Scythian fashion." <a href="#link6note-73" name="link6noteref-73" - id="link6noteref-73">73</a> Thus the Spartans report about Cleomenes; but + in Scythian fashion." <a href="#link6note-73" id="link6noteref-73">73</a> Thus the Spartans report about Cleomenes; but to me it seems that this was a retribution which Cleomenes paid for Demaratos. </p> @@ -4716,7 +4579,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger and delivered up in place of the men who were being kept at Athens. Then when the Eginetans were about to take Leotychides, Theasides the son of Leoprepes, a man of repute in Sparta, said to them: "What are ye proposing - <a href="#link6note-74" name="link6noteref-74" id="link6noteref-74">74</a> + <a href="#link6note-74" id="link6noteref-74">74</a> to do, men of Egina? Do ye mean to take away the king of the Spartans, thus delivered up to you by his fellow-citizens? If the Spartans now being in anger have decided so, beware lest at some future time, if ye do this, @@ -4742,8 +4605,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Glaucos the son of Epikydes. This man we say attained the highest merit in all things besides, and especially he was well reported of by all who at that time dwelt in Lacedemon for his uprightness: and we relate that in - due time <a href="#link6note-75" name="link6noteref-75" - id="link6noteref-75">75</a> it happened to him thus:—a man of + due time <a href="#link6note-75" id="link6noteref-75">75</a> it happened to him thus:—a man of Miletos came to Sparta and desired to have speech with him, alleging the reasons which follow: 'I am a Milesian,' he said, 'and I am come hither desiring to have benefit from thy uprightness, Glaucos; for as there was @@ -4766,15 +4628,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger those things whereof ye speak; but I desire to recollect and do all that is just; for if I received it, I desire to restore it honestly; and if on the other hand I did not receive it at all, I will act towards you in - accordance with the customs of the Hellenes: <a href="#link6note-76" - name="link6noteref-76" id="link6noteref-76">76</a> therefore I defer the + accordance with the customs of the Hellenes: <a href="#link6note-76" id="link6noteref-76">76</a> therefore I defer the settling of the matter with you for three months from now.' (c) The Milesians accordingly went away grieved, for they supposed that they had been robbed of the money; but Glaucos set forth to Delphi to consult the Oracle: and when he inquired of the Oracle whether he should rob them of the money by an oath, the Pythian prophetess rebuked him with these lines: </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> +<pre> "'Glaucos, thou, Epikydes' son, yea, this for the moment, This, to conquer their word by an oath and to rob, is more gainful. Swear, since the lot of death waits also for him who swears truly. @@ -4799,12 +4660,11 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 87. When Leotychides had thus spoken, since not even so were the Athenians willing to listen to him, he departed back; and the Eginetans, before paying the penalty for their former wrongs wherein they did outrage to the - Athenians to please the Thebans, <a href="#link6note-77" - name="link6noteref-77" id="link6noteref-77">77</a> acted as follows:—complaining + Athenians to please the Thebans, <a href="#link6note-77" id="link6noteref-77">77</a> acted as follows:—complaining of the conduct of the Athenians and thinking that they were being wronged, they made preparations to avenge themselves upon the Athenians; and since the Athenians were celebrating a four-yearly festival <a - href="#link6note-78" name="link6noteref-78" id="link6noteref-78">78</a> at + href="#link6note-78" id="link6noteref-78">78</a> at Sunion, they lay in wait for the sacred ship which was sent to it and took it, the vessel being full of men who were the first among the Athenians; and having taken it they laid the men in bonds.. @@ -4812,9 +4672,9 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 88. The Athenians after they had suffered this wrong from the Eginetans no longer delayed to contrive all things possible to their hurt. And there - was <a href="#link6note-79" name="link6noteref-79" id="link6noteref-79">79</a> + was <a href="#link6note-79" id="link6noteref-79">79</a> in Egina a man of repute, one Nicodromos the son of Cnithos: <a - href="#link6note-80" name="link6noteref-80" id="link6noteref-80">80</a> + href="#link6note-80" id="link6noteref-80">80</a> this man had cause of complaint against the Eginetans for having before this driven him forth out of the island; and hearing now that the Athenians had resolved to do mischief to the Eginetans, he agreed with the @@ -4853,8 +4713,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger propitious to them. For they had taken as prisoners seven hundred of the men of the people and were bringing them forth to execution, when one of them escaped from his bonds and fled for refuge to the entrance of the - temple of Demeter the Giver of Laws, <a href="#link6note-81" - name="link6noteref-81" id="link6noteref-81">81</a> and he took hold of the + temple of Demeter the Giver of Laws, <a href="#link6note-81" id="link6noteref-81">81</a> and he took hold of the latch of the door and clung to it; and when they found that they could not drag him from it by pulling him away, they cut off his hands and so carried him off, and those hands remained clinging to the latch of the @@ -4877,11 +4736,10 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Argives now came to their help at the charge of the State, but volunteers came to the number of a thousand; and their leader was a commander named Eurybates, a man who had practised the five contests. <a - href="#link6note-82" name="link6noteref-82" id="link6noteref-82">82</a> Of + href="#link6note-82" id="link6noteref-82">82</a> Of these men the greater number never returned back, but were slain by the Athenians in Egina; and the commander himself, Eurybates, fighting in - single combat <a href="#link6note-83" name="link6noteref-83" - id="link6noteref-83">83</a> killed in this manner three men and was + single combat <a href="#link6note-83" id="link6noteref-83">83</a> killed in this manner three men and was himself slain by the fourth, Sophanes namely of Dekeleia. </p> <p> @@ -4905,7 +4763,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 95. When these who had been appointed to command came in their march from - the king to the Aleïan plain in Kilikia, taking with them a large and + the king to the Aleïan plain in Kilikia, taking with them a large and well-equipped land-army, then while they were encamping there, the whole naval armament came up, which had been appointed for several nations to furnish; and there came to them also the ships for carrying horses, which @@ -4914,14 +4772,11 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger ships they sailed for Ionia with six hundred triremes. After this they did not keep their ships coasting along the mainland towards the Hellespont and Thrace, but they started from Samos and made their voyage by the - Icarian Sea <a href="#link6note-84" name="link6noteref-84" - id="link6noteref-84">84</a> and between the islands; because, as I think, + Icarian Sea <a href="#link6note-84" id="link6noteref-84">84</a> and between the islands; because, as I think, they feared more than all else the voyage round Athos, seeing that in the - former year <a href="#link6note-85" name="link6noteref-85" - id="link6noteref-85">85</a> while making the passage by this way they had + former year <a href="#link6note-85" id="link6noteref-85">85</a> while making the passage by this way they had come to great disaster. Moreover also Naxos compelled them, since it had - not been conquered at the former time. <a href="#link6note-86" - name="link6noteref-86" id="link6noteref-86">86</a>. + not been conquered at the former time. <a href="#link6note-86" id="link6noteref-86">86</a>. </p> <p> 96. And when they had arrived at Naxos, coming against it from the Icarian @@ -4953,7 +4808,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger after he had put out to sea from thence, Delos was moved, not having been shaken (as the Delians reported to me) either before that time or since that down to my own time; and this no doubt the god <a - href="#link6note-8601" name="link6noteref-8601" id="link6noteref-8601">8601</a> + href="#link6note-8601" id="link6noteref-8601">8601</a> manifested as a portent to men of the evils that were about to be; for in the time of Dareios the son of Hystaspes and Xerxes the son of Dareios and Artoxerxes the son of Xerxes, three generations following upon one @@ -4962,19 +4817,16 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger the Persians, and others from the leaders themselves of Hellas warring together for supremacy. Thus it was not unreasonable that Delos should be moved, which was before unmoved. [And in an oracle it was thus written - about it: <a href="#link6note-87" name="link6noteref-87" - id="link6noteref-87">87</a> + about it: <a href="#link6note-87" id="link6noteref-87">87</a> </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> +<pre> "Delos too will I move, unmoved though it hath been aforetime."] </pre> <p> Now in the Hellenic tongue the names which have been mentioned have this - meaning—Dareios means "compeller," <a href="#link6note-88" - name="link6noteref-88" id="link6noteref-88">88</a> Xerxes "warrior," <a - href="#link6note-89" name="link6noteref-89" id="link6noteref-89">89</a> - Artoxerxes "great warrior." <a href="#link6note-90" name="link6noteref-90" - id="link6noteref-90">90</a> Thus then might the Hellenes rightly call + meaning—Dareios means "compeller," <a href="#link6note-88" id="link6noteref-88">88</a> Xerxes "warrior," <a + href="#link6note-89" id="link6noteref-89">89</a> + Artoxerxes "great warrior." <a href="#link6note-90" id="link6noteref-90">90</a> Thus then might the Hellenes rightly call these kings in their own tongue. </p> <p> @@ -4992,7 +4844,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Persians was sailing to attack them, requested the Athenians to help them; and the Athenians did not refuse their support, but gave as helpers those four thousand to whom had been allotted the land of the wealthy <a - href="#link6note-91" name="link6noteref-91" id="link6noteref-91">91</a> + href="#link6note-91" id="link6noteref-91">91</a> Chalkidians. The Eretrians however, as it turned out, had no sound plan of action, for while they sent for the Athenians, they had in their minds two different designs: some of them, that is, proposed to leave the city and @@ -5009,8 +4861,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 101. And while these passed over to Oropos and saved themselves, the Persians sailed on and brought their ships to land about Temenos and Chioreai and Aigilea in the Eretrian territory; and having taken - possession of these places, <a href="#link6note-9101" - name="link6noteref-9101" id="link6noteref-9101">9101</a> forthwith they + possession of these places, <a href="#link6note-9101" id="link6noteref-9101">9101</a> forthwith they began to disembark their horses and prepared to advance against the enemy. The Eretrians however did not intend to come forth against them and fight; but their endeavour was if possible to hold out by defending their walls, @@ -5024,8 +4875,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 102. Having got Eretria into their power, they stayed a few days and then - sailed for the land of Attica, pressing on <a href="#link6note-92" - name="link6noteref-92" id="link6noteref-92">92</a> hard and supposing that + sailed for the land of Attica, pressing on <a href="#link6note-92" id="link6noteref-92">92</a> hard and supposing that the Athenians would do the same as the Eretrians had done. And since Marathon was the most convenient place in Attica for horsemen to act and was also very near to Eretria, therefore Hippias the son of Peisistratos @@ -5038,8 +4888,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger compelled to go into exile from Athens because of Peisistratos the son of Hippocrates: and while he was in exile it was his fortune to win a victory at the Olympic games with a four-horse chariot, wherein, as it happened, - he did the same thing as his half-brother Miltiades <a href="#link6note-93" - name="link6noteref-93" id="link6noteref-93">93</a> had done, who had the + he did the same thing as his half-brother Miltiades <a href="#link6note-93" id="link6noteref-93">93</a> had done, who had the same mother as he. Then afterwards in the next succeeding Olympic games he gained a victory with the same mares and allowed Peisistratos to be proclaimed as victor; and having resigned to him the victory he returned @@ -5071,8 +4920,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 105. First of all, while they were still in the city, the generals sent - off to Sparta a herald, namely Pheidippides <a href="#link6note-94" - name="link6noteref-94" id="link6noteref-94">94</a> an Athenian and for the + off to Sparta a herald, namely Pheidippides <a href="#link6note-94" id="link6noteref-94">94</a> an Athenian and for the rest a runner of long day-courses and one who practised this as his profession. With this man, as Pheidippides himself said and as he made report to the Athenians, Pan chanced to meet by mount Parthenion, which is @@ -5098,8 +4946,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger help the Athenians; but it was impossible for them to do so at once, since they did not desire to break their law; for it was the ninth day of the month, and on the ninth day they said they would not go forth, nor until - the circle of the moon should be full. <a href="#link6note-95" - name="link6noteref-95" id="link6noteref-95">95</a> + the circle of the moon should be full. <a href="#link6note-95" id="link6noteref-95">95</a> </p> <p> 107. These men were waiting for the full moon: and meanwhile Hippias the @@ -5110,15 +4957,13 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger recover his rule, and then bring his life to an end in old age in his own land. From the dream, I say, he conjectured this; and after this, as he guided them in, first he disembarked the slaves from Eretria on the island - belonging to the Styrians, called Aigleia; <a href="#link6note-96" - name="link6noteref-96" id="link6noteref-96">96</a> and then, as the ships + belonging to the Styrians, called Aigleia; <a href="#link6note-96" id="link6noteref-96">96</a> and then, as the ships came in to shore at Marathon, he moored them there, and after the Barbarians had come from their ships to land, he was engaged in disposing them in their places. While he was ordering these things, it came upon him to sneeze and cough more violently than was his wont. Then since he was advanced in years, most of his teeth were shaken thereby, and one of these - teeth he cast forth by the violence of the cough: <a href="#link6note-97" - name="link6noteref-97" id="link6noteref-97">97</a> and the tooth having + teeth he cast forth by the violence of the cough: <a href="#link6note-97" id="link6noteref-97">97</a> and the tooth having fallen from him upon the sand, he was very desirous to find it; since however the tooth was not to be found when he searched, he groaned aloud and said to those who were by him: "This land is not ours, nor shall we be @@ -5168,8 +5013,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger were too few to fight with the army of the Medes, while the others, and among them Miltiades, advised that they should do so: and when they were divided and the worse opinion was like to prevail, then, since he who had - been chosen by lot <a href="#link6note-98" name="link6noteref-98" - id="link6noteref-98">98</a> to be polemarch of the Athenians had a vote in + been chosen by lot <a href="#link6note-98" id="link6noteref-98">98</a> to be polemarch of the Athenians had a vote in addition to the ten (for in old times the Athenians gave the polemarch an equal vote with the generals) and at that time the polemarch was Callimachos of the deme of Aphidnai, to him came Miltiades and said as @@ -5182,7 +5026,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger being delivered over to Hippias, while on the other hand, if this city shall gain the victory, it may become the first of the cities of Hellas. How this may happen and how it comes to thee of all men <a - href="#link6note-99" name="link6noteref-99" id="link6noteref-99">99</a> to + href="#link6note-99" id="link6noteref-99">99</a> to have the decision of these matters, I am now about to tell. Of us the generals, who are ten in number, the opinions are divided, the one party urging that we fight a battle and the others that we do not fight. Now if @@ -5202,7 +5046,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger opinion of the polemarch being added, it was thus determined to fight a battle. After this, those generals whose opinion was in favour of fighting, as the turn of each one of them to command for the day <a - href="#link6note-100" name="link6noteref-100" id="link6noteref-100">100</a> + href="#link6note-100" id="link6noteref-100">100</a> came round, gave over their command to Miltiades; and he, accepting it, would not however yet bring about a battle, until his own turn to command had come.. @@ -5214,13 +5058,12 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger this, that the polemarch should have the right wing); and he leading, next after him came the tribes in order as they were numbered one after another, and last were drawn up the Plataians occupying the left wing: for - <a href="#link6note-101" name="link6noteref-101" id="link6noteref-101">101</a> + <a href="#link6note-101" id="link6noteref-101">101</a> ever since this battle, when the Athenians offer sacrifices in the solemn - assemblies <a href="#link6note-102" name="link6noteref-102" - id="link6noteref-102">102</a> which are made at the four-yearly festivals, - <a href="#link6note-103" name="link6noteref-103" id="link6noteref-103">103</a> + assemblies <a href="#link6note-102" id="link6noteref-102">102</a> which are made at the four-yearly festivals, + <a href="#link6note-103" id="link6noteref-103">103</a> the herald of the Athenians prays thus, "that blessings <a - href="#link6note-104" name="link6noteref-104" id="link6noteref-104">104</a> + href="#link6note-104" id="link6noteref-104">104</a> may come to the Athenians and to the Plataians both." On this occasion however, when the Athenians were being drawn up at Marathon something of this kind was done:—their army being made equal in length of front @@ -5232,13 +5075,11 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 112. And when they had been arranged in their places and the sacrifices proved favourable, then the Athenians were let go, and they set forth at a run to attack the Barbarians. Now the space between the armies was not - less than eight furlongs: <a href="#link6note-105" name="link6noteref-105" - id="link6noteref-105">105</a> and the Persians seeing them advancing to + less than eight furlongs: <a href="#link6note-105" id="link6noteref-105">105</a> and the Persians seeing them advancing to the attack at a run, made preparations to receive them; and in their minds they charged the Athenians with madness which must be fatal, seeing that they were few and yet were pressing forwards at a run, having neither - cavalry nor archers. <a href="#link6note-106" name="link6noteref-106" - id="link6noteref-106">106</a> Such was the thought of the Barbarians; but + cavalry nor archers. <a href="#link6note-106" id="link6noteref-106">106</a> Such was the thought of the Barbarians; but the Athenians when all in a body they had joined in combat with the Barbarians, fought in a memorable fashion: for they were the first of all the Hellenes about whom we know who went to attack the enemy at a run, and @@ -5263,8 +5104,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 114. In this part of the work was slain the polemarch Callimachos after having proved himself a good man, and also one of the generals, Stesilaos the son of Thrasylaos, was killed; and besides this Kynegeiros the son of - Euphorion while taking hold <a href="#link6note-107" - name="link6noteref-107" id="link6noteref-107">107</a> there of the + Euphorion while taking hold <a href="#link6note-107" id="link6noteref-107">107</a> there of the ornament at the stern of a ship had his hand cut off with an axe and fell; and many others also of the Athenians who were men of note were killed.. </p> @@ -5333,8 +5173,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger instead of a bucket, and a man strikes this down into it and draws up, and then pours it into a cistern, from which it runs through into another vessel, taking three separate ways. The asphalt and the salt become solid - at once, and the oil <a href="#link6note-108" name="link6noteref-108" - id="link6noteref-108">108</a> which is called by the Persians <i>rhadinake</i>, + at once, and the oil <a href="#link6note-108" id="link6noteref-108">108</a> which is called by the Persians <i>rhadinake</i>, is black and gives out a disagreeable smell. Here king Dareios established the Eretrians as settlers; and even to my time they continued to occupy this land, keeping still their former language. Thus it happened with @@ -5372,14 +5211,11 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger three in number; for when they came to be of ripe age for marriage, he gave them a most magnificent dowry and also indulged their inclinations; for whomsoever of all the Athenians each one of them desired to choose as - a husband for herself, to that man he gave her.] <a href="#link6note-109" - name="link6noteref-109" id="link6noteref-109">109</a>. + a husband for herself, to that man he gave her.] <a href="#link6note-109" id="link6noteref-109">109</a>. </p> <p> - 123, and similarly, <a href="#link6note-110" name="link6noteref-110" - id="link6noteref-110">110</a> the Alcmaionidai were haters of despots - equally or more <a href="#link6note-111" name="link6noteref-111" - id="link6noteref-111">111</a> than he. Therefore this is a cause of wonder + 123, and similarly, <a href="#link6note-110" id="link6noteref-110">110</a> the Alcmaionidai were haters of despots + equally or more <a href="#link6note-111" id="link6noteref-111">111</a> than he. Therefore this is a cause of wonder to me, and I do not admit the accusation that these they were who displayed the shield; seeing that they were in exile from the despots during their whole time, and that by their contrivance the sons of @@ -5441,8 +5277,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger come on the sixtieth day, or before that if he would, to Sikyon; for Cleisthenes intended to conclude the marriage within a year, reckoning from the sixtieth day. Then all those of the Hellenes who had pride either - in themselves or in their high descent, <a href="#link6note-112" - name="link6noteref-112" id="link6noteref-112">112</a> came as wooers, and + in themselves or in their high descent, <a href="#link6note-112" id="link6noteref-112">112</a> came as wooers, and for them Cleisthenes had a running-course and a wrestling-place made and kept them expressly for their use.. </p> @@ -5493,11 +5328,9 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Cleisthenes sacrificed a hundred oxen and feasted both the wooers themselves and all the people of Sikyon; and when the dinner was over, the wooers began to vie with one another both in music and in speeches for the - entertainment of the company; <a href="#link6note-113" - name="link6noteref-113" id="link6noteref-113">113</a> and as the drinking + entertainment of the company; <a href="#link6note-113" id="link6noteref-113">113</a> and as the drinking went forward and Hippocleides was very much holding the attention of the - others, <a href="#link6note-114" name="link6noteref-114" - id="link6noteref-114">114</a> he bade the flute-player play for him a + others, <a href="#link6note-114" id="link6noteref-114">114</a> he bade the flute-player play for him a dance-measure; and when the flute-player did so, he danced: and it so befell that he pleased himself in his dancing, but Cleisthenes looked on at the whole matter with suspicion. Then Hippocleides after a certain time @@ -5509,8 +5342,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger dancing and his shamelessness, yet restrained himself, not desiring to break out in anger against him; but when he saw that he thus gesticulated with his legs, he was no longer able to restrain himself, but said: "Thou - hast danced away thy marriage however, <a href="#link6note-115" - name="link6noteref-115" id="link6noteref-115">115</a> son of Tisander!" + hast danced away thy marriage however, <a href="#link6note-115" id="link6noteref-115">115</a> son of Tisander!" and Hippocleides answered and said: "Hippocleides cares not!" </p> <p> @@ -5562,7 +5394,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger besiege the Parians with his army, first having shut them up within their wall; and sending in to them a herald he asked for a hundred talents, saying that if they refused to give them, his army should not return back - <a href="#link6note-116" name="link6noteref-116" id="link6noteref-116">116</a> + <a href="#link6note-116" id="link6noteref-116">116</a> until it had conquered them completely. The Parians however had no design of giving any money to Miltiades, but contrived only how they might defend their city, devising various things besides and also this,—wherever @@ -5574,18 +5406,16 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger followed the Parians alone report, and they say that it happened thus:—When Miltiades was at a loss, it is said, there came a woman to speech with him, who had been taken prisoner, a Parian by race whose name was Timo, an - under-priestess <a href="#link6note-117" name="link6noteref-117" - id="link6noteref-117">117</a> of the Earth goddesses; <a - href="#link6note-118" name="link6noteref-118" id="link6noteref-118">118</a> + under-priestess <a href="#link6note-117" id="link6noteref-117">117</a> of the Earth goddesses; <a + href="#link6note-118" id="link6noteref-118">118</a> she, they say, came into the presence of Miltiades and counselled him that if he considered it a matter of much moment to conquer Paros, he could do that which she should suggest to him; and upon that she told him her meaning. He accordingly passed through to the hill which is before the city and leapt over the fence of the temple of Demeter Giver of Laws, <a - href="#link6note-119" name="link6noteref-119" id="link6noteref-119">119</a> + href="#link6note-119" id="link6noteref-119">119</a> not being able to open the door; and then having leapt over he went on - towards the sanctuary <a href="#link6note-120" name="link6noteref-120" - id="link6noteref-120">120</a> with the design of doing something within, + towards the sanctuary <a href="#link6note-120" id="link6noteref-120">120</a> with the design of doing something within, whether it were that he meant to lay hands on some of the things which should not be touched, or whatever else he intended to do; and when he had reached the door, forthwith a shuddering fear came over him and he set off @@ -5633,8 +5463,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger reported, which are these:—Hecataois on the one hand, the son of Hegesander, said in his history that it was done unjustly; for he said that when the Athenians saw the land which extends below Hymettos, which - they had themselves given them <a href="#link6note-121" - name="link6noteref-121" id="link6noteref-121">121</a> to dwell in, as + they had themselves given them <a href="#link6note-121" id="link6noteref-121">121</a> to dwell in, as payment for the wall built round the Acropolis in former times, when the Athenians, I say, saw that this land was made good by cultivation, which before was bad and worthless, they were seized with jealousy and with @@ -5659,8 +5488,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 138. These Pelasgians then, dwelling after that in Lemnos, desired to take vengeance on the Athenians; and having full knowledge also of the - festivals of the Athenians, they got <a href="#link6note-122" - name="link6noteref-122" id="link6noteref-122">122</a> fifty-oared galleys + festivals of the Athenians, they got <a href="#link6note-122" id="link6noteref-122">122</a> fifty-oared galleys and laid wait for the women of the Athenians when they were keeping festival to Artemis in Brauron; and having carried off a number of them from thence, they departed and sailed away home, and taking the women to @@ -5713,323 +5541,322 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Athenians and Miltiades took possession of Lemnos. </p> <p> - ————— <a name="link62H_NOTE" - id="link62H_NOTE"> + ————— <a id="link62H_NOTE"> <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> </p> - <div style="height:. </p><p>4em;"> - <br /><br /><br /><br /> + <div style="height: 4em;"> + <br ><br ><br ><br > </div> <h2> NOTES TO BOOK VI. </h2> <p> - <a name="link6note-1" id="link6note-1"> + <a id="link6note-1"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 1 (<a href="#link6noteref-1">return</a>)<br /> [ {proboulous}.] + 1 (<a href="#link6noteref-1">return</a>)<br > [ {proboulous}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-2" id="link6note-2"> + <a id="link6note-2"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 2 (<a href="#link6noteref-2">return</a>)<br /> [ See i. 148.] + 2 (<a href="#link6noteref-2">return</a>)<br > [ See i. 148.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-3" id="link6note-3"> + <a id="link6note-3"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 3 (<a href="#link6noteref-3">return</a>)<br /> [ {epi keras}.] + 3 (<a href="#link6noteref-3">return</a>)<br > [ {epi keras}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-4" id="link6note-4"> + <a id="link6note-4"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 4 (<a href="#link6noteref-4">return</a>)<br /> [ {diekploon poieumenos tesi + 4 (<a href="#link6noteref-4">return</a>)<br > [ {diekploon poieumenos tesi neusi di alleleon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-5" id="link6note-5"> + <a id="link6note-5"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 5 (<a href="#link6noteref-5">return</a>)<br /> [ {tou Dareiou}: a + 5 (<a href="#link6noteref-5">return</a>)<br > [ {tou Dareiou}: a conjecture based upon Valla's translation. The MSS. have {ton Dareion}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-6" id="link6note-6"> + <a id="link6note-6"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 6 (<a href="#link6noteref-6">return</a>)<br /> [ {prophasios + 6 (<a href="#link6noteref-6">return</a>)<br > [ {prophasios epilabomenoi}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-601" id="link6note-601"> + <a id="link6note-601"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 601 (<a href="#link6noteref-601">return</a>)<br /> [ {en stele anagraphenai + 601 (<a href="#link6noteref-601">return</a>)<br > [ {en stele anagraphenai patrothen}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-7" id="link6note-7"> + <a id="link6note-7"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 7 (<a href="#link6noteref-7">return</a>)<br /> [ "were very roughly + 7 (<a href="#link6noteref-7">return</a>)<br > [ "were very roughly handled."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-8" id="link6note-8"> + <a id="link6note-8"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 8 (<a href="#link6noteref-8">return</a>)<br /> [ {epibateuontas}.] + 8 (<a href="#link6noteref-8">return</a>)<br > [ {epibateuontas}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-801" id="link6note-801"> + <a id="link6note-801"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 801 (<a href="#link6noteref-801">return</a>)<br /> [ {nuktos te gar}: so + 801 (<a href="#link6noteref-801">return</a>)<br > [ {nuktos te gar}: so Stein for {nuktos te}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-9" id="link6note-9"> + <a id="link6note-9"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 9 (<a href="#link6noteref-9">return</a>)<br /> [ {kat akres}, lit. "from + 9 (<a href="#link6noteref-9">return</a>)<br > [ {kat akres}, lit. "from the top downwards," i.e. town and citadel both.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-10" id="link6note-10"> + <a id="link6note-10"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 10 (<a href="#link6noteref-10">return</a>)<br /> [ See ch. 77.] + 10 (<a href="#link6noteref-10">return</a>)<br > [ See ch. 77.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-11" id="link6note-11"> + <a id="link6note-11"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 11 (<a href="#link6noteref-11">return</a>)<br /> [ See i. 92 and v. 36.] + 11 (<a href="#link6noteref-11">return</a>)<br > [ See i. 92 and v. 36.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-1101" id="link6note-1101"> + <a id="link6note-1101"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 1101 (<a href="#link6noteref-1101">return</a>)<br /> [ {Kalen akten}.] + 1101 (<a href="#link6noteref-1101">return</a>)<br > [ {Kalen akten}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-12" id="link6note-12"> + <a id="link6note-12"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 12 (<a href="#link6noteref-12">return</a>)<br /> [ Possibly the reading + 12 (<a href="#link6noteref-12">return</a>)<br > [ Possibly the reading should be {Inuka}, "Inyx."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-13" id="link6note-13"> + <a id="link6note-13"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 13 (<a href="#link6noteref-13">return</a>)<br /> [ {ton en te naumakhie}: + 13 (<a href="#link6noteref-13">return</a>)<br > [ {ton en te naumakhie}: perhaps we should read {ten en te naumakhin}, "which took place in the sea-fight."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-14" id="link6note-14"> + <a id="link6note-14"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 14 (<a href="#link6noteref-14">return</a>)<br /> [ {en Koiloisi + 14 (<a href="#link6noteref-14">return</a>)<br > [ {en Koiloisi kaleomenoisi}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-15" id="link6note-15"> + <a id="link6note-15"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 15 (<a href="#link6noteref-15">return</a>)<br /> [ {grammata + 15 (<a href="#link6noteref-15">return</a>)<br > [ {grammata didaskomenoisi}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-16" id="link6note-16"> + <a id="link6note-16"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 16 (<a href="#link6noteref-16">return</a>)<br /> [ {limainouses}: a + 16 (<a href="#link6noteref-16">return</a>)<br > [ {limainouses}: a conjectural reading for {deimainouses}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-17" id="link6note-17"> + <a id="link6note-17"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 17 (<a href="#link6noteref-17">return</a>)<br /> [ Lit. "and it became in + 17 (<a href="#link6noteref-17">return</a>)<br > [ Lit. "and it became in fact the work of the cavalry."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-18" id="link6note-18"> + <a id="link6note-18"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 18 (<a href="#link6noteref-18">return</a>)<br /> [ {esagenouon}.] + 18 (<a href="#link6noteref-18">return</a>)<br > [ {esagenouon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-19" id="link6note-19"> + <a id="link6note-19"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 19 (<a href="#link6noteref-19">return</a>)<br /> [ Or (according to some + 19 (<a href="#link6noteref-19">return</a>)<br > [ Or (according to some good MSS.) "Thelymbri01."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-20" id="link6note-20"> + <a id="link6note-20"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 20 (<a href="#link6noteref-20">return</a>)<br /> [ Cp. iii. 120.] + 20 (<a href="#link6noteref-20">return</a>)<br > [ Cp. iii. 120.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-21" id="link6note-21"> + <a id="link6note-21"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 21 (<a href="#link6noteref-21">return</a>)<br /> [ {stadioi}: the distances + 21 (<a href="#link6noteref-21">return</a>)<br > [ {stadioi}: the distances here mentioned are equal to a little more than four and a little less than fifty miles respectively.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-22" id="link6note-22"> + <a id="link6note-22"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 22 (<a href="#link6noteref-22">return</a>)<br /> [ {en gnome gegonos}.] + 22 (<a href="#link6noteref-22">return</a>)<br > [ {en gnome gegonos}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-23" id="link6note-23"> + <a id="link6note-23"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 23 (<a href="#link6noteref-23">return</a>)<br /> [ {pituos tropon}: the old + 23 (<a href="#link6noteref-23">return</a>)<br > [ {pituos tropon}: the old name of the town was Pityuss01.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-24" id="link6note-24"> + <a id="link6note-24"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 24 (<a href="#link6noteref-24">return</a>)<br /> [ That is to say, Kimon + 24 (<a href="#link6noteref-24">return</a>)<br > [ That is to say, Kimon was his half-brother, and Stesagoras and the younger Miltiades his nephews.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-25" id="link6note-25"> + <a id="link6note-25"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 25 (<a href="#link6noteref-25">return</a>)<br /> [ See ch. 103.] + 25 (<a href="#link6noteref-25">return</a>)<br > [ See ch. 103.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-26" id="link6note-26"> + <a id="link6note-26"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 26 (<a href="#link6noteref-26">return</a>)<br /> [ {delade}.] + 26 (<a href="#link6noteref-26">return</a>)<br > [ {delade}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-27" id="link6note-27"> + <a id="link6note-27"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 27 (<a href="#link6noteref-27">return</a>)<br /> [ {eleluthee}, but the + 27 (<a href="#link6noteref-27">return</a>)<br > [ {eleluthee}, but the meaning must be this, and it is explained by the clause, {trito men gar etei k.t.l.}] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-28" id="link6note-28"> + <a id="link6note-28"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 28 (<a href="#link6noteref-28">return</a>)<br /> [ {stadia}: see v. 52, + 28 (<a href="#link6noteref-28">return</a>)<br > [ {stadia}: see v. 52, note 40.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-29" id="link6note-29"> + <a id="link6note-29"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 29 (<a href="#link6noteref-29">return</a>)<br /> [ See iii. 80.] + 29 (<a href="#link6noteref-29">return</a>)<br > [ See iii. 80.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-30" id="link6note-30"> + <a id="link6note-30"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 30 (<a href="#link6noteref-30">return</a>)<br /> [ {entos Makedonon}, "on + 30 (<a href="#link6noteref-30">return</a>)<br > [ {entos Makedonon}, "on their side of the Macedonians."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-3001" id="link6note-3001"> + <a id="link6note-3001"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 3001 (<a href="#link6noteref-3001">return</a>)<br /> [ Or (according to + 3001 (<a href="#link6noteref-3001">return</a>)<br > [ Or (according to some MSS.) "about three hundred."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-31" id="link6note-31"> + <a id="link6note-31"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 31 (<a href="#link6noteref-31">return</a>)<br /> [ Or "Scaptesyle." (The + 31 (<a href="#link6noteref-31">return</a>)<br > [ Or "Scaptesyle." (The Medicean MS. however has {skaptes ules}, not {skaptesules}, as reported by Stein.)] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-32" id="link6note-32"> + <a id="link6note-32"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 32 (<a href="#link6noteref-32">return</a>)<br /> [ {ta proiskheto aiteon}, + 32 (<a href="#link6noteref-32">return</a>)<br > [ {ta proiskheto aiteon}, "that which he put forward demanding it."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-33" id="link6note-33"> + <a id="link6note-33"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 33 (<a href="#link6noteref-33">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. "ram."] + 33 (<a href="#link6noteref-33">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. "ram."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-34" id="link6note-34"> + <a id="link6note-34"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 34 (<a href="#link6noteref-34">return</a>)<br /> [ {ton geraiteron}.] + 34 (<a href="#link6noteref-34">return</a>)<br > [ {ton geraiteron}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-35" id="link6note-35"> + <a id="link6note-35"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 35 (<a href="#link6noteref-35">return</a>)<br /> [ {en to demosio}.] + 35 (<a href="#link6noteref-35">return</a>)<br > [ {en to demosio}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-36" id="link6note-36"> + <a id="link6note-36"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 36 (<a href="#link6noteref-36">return</a>)<br /> [ This is commonly + 36 (<a href="#link6noteref-36">return</a>)<br > [ This is commonly understood to mean, leaving out of account the god who was father of Perseus; but the reason for stopping short at Perseus is given afterwards, and the expression {tou theou apeontos} refers perhaps rather to the case @@ -6040,717 +5867,717 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger son of Amphitryon and not of Zeus."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-37" id="link6note-37"> + <a id="link6note-37"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 37 (<a href="#link6noteref-37">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. "of heaven."] + 37 (<a href="#link6noteref-37">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. "of heaven."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-38" id="link6note-38"> + <a id="link6note-38"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 38 (<a href="#link6noteref-38">return</a>)<br /> [ {medimnon}, the + 38 (<a href="#link6noteref-38">return</a>)<br > [ {medimnon}, the Lacedemonian {medimnos} being equal to rather more than two bushels.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-39" id="link6note-39"> + <a id="link6note-39"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 39 (<a href="#link6noteref-39">return</a>)<br /> [ {tetarten Lakomiken}, + 39 (<a href="#link6noteref-39">return</a>)<br > [ {tetarten Lakomiken}, quantity uncertain.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-40" id="link6note-40"> + <a id="link6note-40"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 40 (<a href="#link6noteref-40">return</a>)<br /> [ {proxeinous}.] + 40 (<a href="#link6noteref-40">return</a>)<br > [ {proxeinous}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-41" id="link6note-41"> + <a id="link6note-41"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 41 (<a href="#link6noteref-41">return</a>)<br /> [ {khoinikas}. There were + 41 (<a href="#link6noteref-41">return</a>)<br > [ {khoinikas}. There were 48 {khoinikes} in the {medimnos}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-42" id="link6note-42"> + <a id="link6note-42"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 42 (<a href="#link6noteref-42">return</a>)<br /> [ {kotulen}.] + 42 (<a href="#link6noteref-42">return</a>)<br > [ {kotulen}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-4201" id="link6note-4201"> + <a id="link6note-4201"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 4201 (<a href="#link6noteref-4201">return</a>)<br /> [ The loose manner in + 4201 (<a href="#link6noteref-4201">return</a>)<br > [ The loose manner in which this is expressed, leaving it uncertain whether each king was supposed by the writer to have two votes given for him (cp. Thuc. i. 20), or whether the double vote was one for each king, must of course be reproduced in the translation.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-43" id="link6note-43"> + <a id="link6note-43"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 43 (<a href="#link6noteref-43">return</a>)<br /> [ {perioikon}.] + 43 (<a href="#link6noteref-43">return</a>)<br > [ {perioikon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-44" id="link6note-44"> + <a id="link6note-44"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 44 (<a href="#link6noteref-44">return</a>)<br /> [ See ch. 51.] + 44 (<a href="#link6noteref-44">return</a>)<br > [ See ch. 51.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-45" id="link6note-45"> + <a id="link6note-45"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 45 (<a href="#link6noteref-45">return</a>)<br /> [ {proergazomenon}: a + 45 (<a href="#link6noteref-45">return</a>)<br > [ {proergazomenon}: a conjectural emendation of {prosergazomenon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-46" id="link6note-46"> + <a id="link6note-46"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 46 (<a href="#link6noteref-46">return</a>)<br /> [ {tes apates te + 46 (<a href="#link6noteref-46">return</a>)<br > [ {tes apates te paragoge}, "by the misleading of the deception."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-47" id="link6note-47"> + <a id="link6note-47"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 47 (<a href="#link6noteref-47">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. lunar months.] + 47 (<a href="#link6noteref-47">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. lunar months.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-48" id="link6note-48"> + <a id="link6note-48"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 48 (<a href="#link6noteref-48">return</a>)<br /> [ {en thoko katemeno}.] + 48 (<a href="#link6noteref-48">return</a>)<br > [ {en thoko katemeno}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-49" id="link6note-49"> + <a id="link6note-49"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 49 (<a href="#link6noteref-49">return</a>)<br /> [ {pandemei}.] + 49 (<a href="#link6noteref-49">return</a>)<br > [ {pandemei}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-50" id="link6note-50"> + <a id="link6note-50"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 50 (<a href="#link6noteref-50">return</a>)<br /> [ {aren}.] + 50 (<a href="#link6noteref-50">return</a>)<br > [ {aren}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-51" id="link6note-51"> + <a id="link6note-51"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 51 (<a href="#link6noteref-51">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. "prayed for by the + 51 (<a href="#link6noteref-51">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. "prayed for by the people."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-52" id="link6note-52"> + <a id="link6note-52"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 52 (<a href="#link6noteref-52">return</a>)<br /> [ {di a}: a conjectural + 52 (<a href="#link6noteref-52">return</a>)<br > [ {di a}: a conjectural emendation of {dia ta}. Some Editors suppose that other words have dropped out.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-53" id="link6note-53"> + <a id="link6note-53"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 53 (<a href="#link6noteref-53">return</a>)<br /> [ {promantin}: cp. vii. + 53 (<a href="#link6noteref-53">return</a>)<br > [ {promantin}: cp. vii. III.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-54" id="link6note-54"> + <a id="link6note-54"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 54 (<a href="#link6noteref-54">return</a>)<br /> [ {ton splagkhnon}.] + 54 (<a href="#link6noteref-54">return</a>)<br > [ {ton splagkhnon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-55" id="link6note-55"> + <a id="link6note-55"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 55 (<a href="#link6noteref-55">return</a>)<br /> [ {tou erkeiou}.] + 55 (<a href="#link6noteref-55">return</a>)<br > [ {tou erkeiou}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-56" id="link6note-56"> + <a id="link6note-56"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 56 (<a href="#link6noteref-56">return</a>)<br /> [ {ton mataioteron logon + 56 (<a href="#link6noteref-56">return</a>)<br > [ {ton mataioteron logon legontes}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-57" id="link6note-57"> + <a id="link6note-57"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 57 (<a href="#link6noteref-57">return</a>)<br /> [ Lit. "on the third night + 57 (<a href="#link6noteref-57">return</a>)<br > [ Lit. "on the third night after the first," but the meaning is as given.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-58" id="link6note-58"> + <a id="link6note-58"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 58 (<a href="#link6noteref-58">return</a>)<br /> [ Most of the MSS. have + 58 (<a href="#link6noteref-58">return</a>)<br > [ Most of the MSS. have "Astrobacos," which may be right.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-59" id="link6note-59"> + <a id="link6note-59"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 59 (<a href="#link6noteref-59">return</a>)<br /> [ Or "to the honour of the + 59 (<a href="#link6noteref-59">return</a>)<br > [ Or "to the honour of the Lacedemonians."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-60" id="link6note-60"> + <a id="link6note-60"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 60 (<a href="#link6noteref-60">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. any more than his + 60 (<a href="#link6noteref-60">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. any more than his predecessor.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-61" id="link6note-61"> + <a id="link6note-61"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 61 (<a href="#link6noteref-61">return</a>)<br /> [ See ch. 50.] + 61 (<a href="#link6noteref-61">return</a>)<br > [ See ch. 50.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-62" id="link6note-62"> + <a id="link6note-62"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 62 (<a href="#link6noteref-62">return</a>)<br /> [ {neotera epresse + 62 (<a href="#link6noteref-62">return</a>)<br > [ {neotera epresse pregmata}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-63" id="link6note-63"> + <a id="link6note-63"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 63 (<a href="#link6noteref-63">return</a>)<br /> [ {up Arkadon}: several + 63 (<a href="#link6noteref-63">return</a>)<br > [ {up Arkadon}: several good MSS. have {ton Arkadon}, which is adopted by some Editors. The meaning would be "near this city it is said that there is the Styx water of the Arcadians."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-64" id="link6note-64"> + <a id="link6note-64"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 64 (<a href="#link6noteref-64">return</a>)<br /> [ {upomargoteron}.] + 64 (<a href="#link6noteref-64">return</a>)<br > [ {upomargoteron}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-65" id="link6note-65"> + <a id="link6note-65"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 65 (<a href="#link6noteref-65">return</a>)<br /> [ Demeter and Core.] + 65 (<a href="#link6noteref-65">return</a>)<br > [ Demeter and Core.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-66" id="link6note-66"> + <a id="link6note-66"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 66 (<a href="#link6noteref-66">return</a>)<br /> [ The MSS. give also + 66 (<a href="#link6noteref-66">return</a>)<br > [ The MSS. give also "Sepeia" and "Sipei01." The place is not elsewhere mentioned.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-67" id="link6note-67"> + <a id="link6note-67"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 67 (<a href="#link6noteref-67">return</a>)<br /> [ See ch. 19.] + 67 (<a href="#link6noteref-67">return</a>)<br > [ See ch. 19.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-68" id="link6note-68"> + <a id="link6note-68"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 68 (<a href="#link6noteref-68">return</a>)<br /> [ {duo mneai}: cp. v. 77.] + 68 (<a href="#link6noteref-68">return</a>)<br > [ {duo mneai}: cp. v. 77.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-69" id="link6note-69"> + <a id="link6note-69"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 69 (<a href="#link6noteref-69">return</a>)<br /> [ {o theos}, i.e. Hera: + 69 (<a href="#link6noteref-69">return</a>)<br > [ {o theos}, i.e. Hera: cp. i. 105.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-70" id="link6note-70"> + <a id="link6note-70"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 70 (<a href="#link6noteref-70">return</a>)<br /> [ {kalliereumeno}.] + 70 (<a href="#link6noteref-70">return</a>)<br > [ {kalliereumeno}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-71" id="link6note-71"> + <a id="link6note-71"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 71 (<a href="#link6noteref-71">return</a>)<br /> [ {kat akres}: cp. ch. + 71 (<a href="#link6noteref-71">return</a>)<br > [ {kat akres}: cp. ch. 18.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-72" id="link6note-72"> + <a id="link6note-72"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 72 (<a href="#link6noteref-72">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. was acquitted of + 72 (<a href="#link6noteref-72">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. was acquitted of the charge brought against him.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-73" id="link6note-73"> + <a id="link6note-73"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 73 (<a href="#link6noteref-73">return</a>)<br /> [ {episkuthison}.] + 73 (<a href="#link6noteref-73">return</a>)<br > [ {episkuthison}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-74" id="link6note-74"> + <a id="link6note-74"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 74 (<a href="#link6noteref-74">return</a>)<br /> [ {bouleuesthe}: some MSS. + 74 (<a href="#link6noteref-74">return</a>)<br > [ {bouleuesthe}: some MSS. and editions have {boulesthe}, "desiring."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-75" id="link6note-75"> + <a id="link6note-75"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 75 (<a href="#link6noteref-75">return</a>)<br /> [ {en khrono ikneumeno}.] + 75 (<a href="#link6noteref-75">return</a>)<br > [ {en khrono ikneumeno}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-76" id="link6note-76"> + <a id="link6note-76"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 76 (<a href="#link6noteref-76">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. take an oath to + 76 (<a href="#link6noteref-76">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. take an oath to that effect.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-77" id="link6note-77"> + <a id="link6note-77"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 77 (<a href="#link6noteref-77">return</a>)<br /> [ See v. 80.] + 77 (<a href="#link6noteref-77">return</a>)<br > [ See v. 80.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-78" id="link6note-78"> + <a id="link6note-78"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 78 (<a href="#link6noteref-78">return</a>)<br /> [ {penteteris}. The + 78 (<a href="#link6noteref-78">return</a>)<br > [ {penteteris}. The reading {penteres}, which is given by most of the MSS. and by several Editors, can hardly be defended.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-79" id="link6note-79"> + <a id="link6note-79"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 79 (<a href="#link6noteref-79">return</a>)<br /> [ {kai en gar}, "and since + 79 (<a href="#link6noteref-79">return</a>)<br > [ {kai en gar}, "and since there was."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-80" id="link6note-80"> + <a id="link6note-80"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 80 (<a href="#link6noteref-80">return</a>)<br /> [ {Knoithou kaleomenos}: + 80 (<a href="#link6noteref-80">return</a>)<br > [ {Knoithou kaleomenos}: cp. vii. 143.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-81" id="link6note-81"> + <a id="link6note-81"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 81 (<a href="#link6noteref-81">return</a>)<br /> [ {thesmophorou}.] + 81 (<a href="#link6noteref-81">return</a>)<br > [ {thesmophorou}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-82" id="link6note-82"> + <a id="link6note-82"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 82 (<a href="#link6noteref-82">return</a>)<br /> [ {pentaethlon + 82 (<a href="#link6noteref-82">return</a>)<br > [ {pentaethlon epaskesas}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-83" id="link6note-83"> + <a id="link6note-83"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 83 (<a href="#link6noteref-83">return</a>)<br /> [ {mounomakhien epaskeon}, + 83 (<a href="#link6noteref-83">return</a>)<br > [ {mounomakhien epaskeon}, "practising single combat," as if training for the games.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-84" id="link6note-84"> + <a id="link6note-84"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 84 (<a href="#link6noteref-84">return</a>)<br /> [ {para te Ikarion}: the + 84 (<a href="#link6noteref-84">return</a>)<br > [ {para te Ikarion}: the use of {para} and the absence of the article may justify the conjecture {para te Ikarion} (or {Ikaron}) "by Icaria" (or "Icaros"), the island from which the Icarian Sea had its name.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-85" id="link6note-85"> + <a id="link6note-85"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 85 (<a href="#link6noteref-85">return</a>)<br /> [ This perhaps should be + 85 (<a href="#link6noteref-85">return</a>)<br > [ This perhaps should be emended, for the event referred to occurred two years before, cp. ch. 46 and 48: The reading {trito proteron etei} has been proposed.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-86" id="link6note-86"> + <a id="link6note-86"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 86 (<a href="#link6noteref-86">return</a>)<br /> [ See v. 33 ff.] + 86 (<a href="#link6noteref-86">return</a>)<br > [ See v. 33 ff.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-8601" id="link6note-8601"> + <a id="link6note-8601"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 8601 (<a href="#link6noteref-8601">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. Apollo: or + 8601 (<a href="#link6noteref-8601">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. Apollo: or perhaps more generally, "God," as in ch. 27.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-87" id="link6note-87"> + <a id="link6note-87"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 87 (<a href="#link6noteref-87">return</a>)<br /> [ This in brackets is + 87 (<a href="#link6noteref-87">return</a>)<br > [ This in brackets is probably an interpolation. It is omitted by some of the best MSS. Some Editors suspect the genuineness of the next four lines also, on internal grounds.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-88" id="link6note-88"> + <a id="link6note-88"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 88 (<a href="#link6noteref-88">return</a>)<br /> [ {erxies}, perhaps + 88 (<a href="#link6noteref-88">return</a>)<br > [ {erxies}, perhaps meaning "worker."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-89" id="link6note-89"> + <a id="link6note-89"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 89 (<a href="#link6noteref-89">return</a>)<br /> [ {areios}.] + 89 (<a href="#link6noteref-89">return</a>)<br > [ {areios}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-90" id="link6note-90"> + <a id="link6note-90"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 90 (<a href="#link6noteref-90">return</a>)<br /> [ {megas areios}.] + 90 (<a href="#link6noteref-90">return</a>)<br > [ {megas areios}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-91" id="link6note-91"> + <a id="link6note-91"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 91 (<a href="#link6noteref-91">return</a>)<br /> [ {ippoboteon}, lit. + 91 (<a href="#link6noteref-91">return</a>)<br > [ {ippoboteon}, lit. "horse-breeding": see v. 77.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-9101" id="link6note-9101"> + <a id="link6note-9101"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 9101 (<a href="#link6noteref-9101">return</a>)<br /> [ Or (according to + 9101 (<a href="#link6noteref-9101">return</a>)<br > [ Or (according to some MSS.), "having come to shore at these places."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-92" id="link6note-92"> + <a id="link6note-92"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 92 (<a href="#link6noteref-92">return</a>)<br /> [ {katergontes}: the word + 92 (<a href="#link6noteref-92">return</a>)<br > [ {katergontes}: the word is not elsewhere found intransitive, yet it is rather difficult to supply {tous Athenaious}. Some alterations have been proposed, but none probable.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-93" id="link6note-93"> + <a id="link6note-93"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 93 (<a href="#link6noteref-93">return</a>)<br /> [ Lit. "and it happened + 93 (<a href="#link6noteref-93">return</a>)<br > [ Lit. "and it happened that in winning this victory he won the same victory as his half-brother Miltiades." See ch. 36.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-94" id="link6note-94"> + <a id="link6note-94"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 94 (<a href="#link6noteref-94">return</a>)<br /> [ Or, according to some + 94 (<a href="#link6noteref-94">return</a>)<br > [ Or, according to some authorities, "Philippides."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-95" id="link6note-95"> + <a id="link6note-95"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 95 (<a href="#link6noteref-95">return</a>)<br /> [ Lit. "except the circle + 95 (<a href="#link6noteref-95">return</a>)<br > [ Lit. "except the circle were full."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-96" id="link6note-96"> + <a id="link6note-96"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 96 (<a href="#link6noteref-96">return</a>)<br /> [ Or "Aigilei01."] + 96 (<a href="#link6noteref-96">return</a>)<br > [ Or "Aigilei01."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-97" id="link6note-97"> + <a id="link6note-97"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 97 (<a href="#link6noteref-97">return</a>)<br /> [ Lit. "by violence, + 97 (<a href="#link6noteref-97">return</a>)<br > [ Lit. "by violence, having coughed."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-98" id="link6note-98"> + <a id="link6note-98"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 98 (<a href="#link6noteref-98">return</a>)<br /> [ "by the bean."] + 98 (<a href="#link6noteref-98">return</a>)<br > [ "by the bean."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-99" id="link6note-99"> + <a id="link6note-99"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 99 (<a href="#link6noteref-99">return</a>)<br /> [ {es se toi}, a + 99 (<a href="#link6noteref-99">return</a>)<br > [ {es se toi}, a conjectural emendation of {es se ti}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-100" id="link6note-100"> + <a id="link6note-100"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 100 (<a href="#link6noteref-100">return</a>)<br /> [ {prutaneie tes + 100 (<a href="#link6noteref-100">return</a>)<br > [ {prutaneie tes emeres}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-101" id="link6note-101"> + <a id="link6note-101"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 101 (<a href="#link6noteref-101">return</a>)<br /> [ Some Editors propose + 101 (<a href="#link6noteref-101">return</a>)<br > [ Some Editors propose to omit {gar} or alter it. If it be allowed to stand, the meaning must be that the importance of the place is testified by the commemoration mentioned.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-102" id="link6note-102"> + <a id="link6note-102"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 102 (<a href="#link6noteref-102">return</a>)<br /> [ {es tas panegurias}, + 102 (<a href="#link6noteref-102">return</a>)<br > [ {es tas panegurias}, some MSS. have {kai panegurias}, "hold sacrifices and solemn assemblies."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-103" id="link6note-103"> + <a id="link6note-103"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 103 (<a href="#link6noteref-103">return</a>)<br /> [ {penteterisi}.] + 103 (<a href="#link6noteref-103">return</a>)<br > [ {penteterisi}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-104" id="link6note-104"> + <a id="link6note-104"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 104 (<a href="#link6noteref-104">return</a>)<br /> [ Lit. "the good + 104 (<a href="#link6noteref-104">return</a>)<br > [ Lit. "the good things."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-105" id="link6note-105"> + <a id="link6note-105"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 105 (<a href="#link6noteref-105">return</a>)<br /> [ {stadioi}: the + 105 (<a href="#link6noteref-105">return</a>)<br > [ {stadioi}: the distance would be rather over 1600 yards.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-106" id="link6note-106"> + <a id="link6note-106"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 106 (<a href="#link6noteref-106">return</a>)<br /> [ Whether this is thrown + 106 (<a href="#link6noteref-106">return</a>)<br > [ Whether this is thrown in here by the historian as an explanation of the rapid advance, or as an additional source of wonder on the part of the Persians at the boldness of the Athenians, is not clear.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-107" id="link6note-107"> + <a id="link6note-107"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 107 (<a href="#link6noteref-107">return</a>)<br /> [ Or (according to some + 107 (<a href="#link6noteref-107">return</a>)<br > [ Or (according to some MSS.) "having taken hold."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-108" id="link6note-108"> + <a id="link6note-108"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 108 (<a href="#link6noteref-108">return</a>)<br /> [ The account of how the + 108 (<a href="#link6noteref-108">return</a>)<br > [ The account of how the oil was dealt with has perhaps dropt out: one MS. and the Aldine edition have "the oil they collect in vessels, and this," etc.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-109" id="link6note-109"> + <a id="link6note-109"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 109 (<a href="#link6noteref-109">return</a>)<br /> [ This chapter is + 109 (<a href="#link6noteref-109">return</a>)<br > [ This chapter is omitted by several of the best MSS., and is almost certainly an interpolation. (In the Medicean MS. it has been added in the margin by a later hand.)] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-110" id="link6note-110"> + <a id="link6note-110"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 110 (<a href="#link6noteref-110">return</a>)<br /> [ Answering to "Callias + 110 (<a href="#link6noteref-110">return</a>)<br > [ Answering to "Callias for his part" at the end of ch. 121, the connexion being broken by the interpolated passage.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-111" id="link6note-111"> + <a id="link6note-111"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 111 (<a href="#link6noteref-111">return</a>)<br /> [ {ouden esson}.] + 111 (<a href="#link6noteref-111">return</a>)<br > [ {ouden esson}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-112" id="link6note-112"> + <a id="link6note-112"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 112 (<a href="#link6noteref-112">return</a>)<br /> [ {patre}, "family," or + 112 (<a href="#link6noteref-112">return</a>)<br > [ {patre}, "family," or possibly "country," as in ch. 128.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-113" id="link6note-113"> + <a id="link6note-113"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 113 (<a href="#link6noteref-113">return</a>)<br /> [ {to legomeno es to + 113 (<a href="#link6noteref-113">return</a>)<br > [ {to legomeno es to meson}: perhaps only "general conversation."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-114" id="link6note-114"> + <a id="link6note-114"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 114 (<a href="#link6noteref-114">return</a>)<br /> [ {katekhon pollon tous + 114 (<a href="#link6noteref-114">return</a>)<br > [ {katekhon pollon tous allous}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-115" id="link6note-115"> + <a id="link6note-115"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 115 (<a href="#link6noteref-115">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. "though the + 115 (<a href="#link6noteref-115">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. "though the dancing may be good."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-116" id="link6note-116"> + <a id="link6note-116"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 116 (<a href="#link6noteref-116">return</a>)<br /> [ {aponostesein}: some + 116 (<a href="#link6noteref-116">return</a>)<br > [ {aponostesein}: some MSS. have {apanastesein}, "he would not take away his army thence."] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-117" id="link6note-117"> + <a id="link6note-117"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 117 (<a href="#link6noteref-117">return</a>)<br /> [ {upozakoron}.] + 117 (<a href="#link6noteref-117">return</a>)<br > [ {upozakoron}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-118" id="link6note-118"> + <a id="link6note-118"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 118 (<a href="#link6noteref-118">return</a>)<br /> [ {ton khthonion theon}, + 118 (<a href="#link6noteref-118">return</a>)<br > [ {ton khthonion theon}, i.e. Demeter and Persephone: cp. vii. 153.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-119" id="link6note-119"> + <a id="link6note-119"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 119 (<a href="#link6noteref-119">return</a>)<br /> [ {thesmophorou}.] + 119 (<a href="#link6noteref-119">return</a>)<br > [ {thesmophorou}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-120" id="link6note-120"> + <a id="link6note-120"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 120 (<a href="#link6noteref-120">return</a>)<br /> [ {to megaron}.] + 120 (<a href="#link6noteref-120">return</a>)<br > [ {to megaron}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-121" id="link6note-121"> + <a id="link6note-121"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 121 (<a href="#link6noteref-121">return</a>)<br /> [ {sphi autoi}: a + 121 (<a href="#link6noteref-121">return</a>)<br > [ {sphi autoi}: a conjectural rendering of {sphisi autoisi}, which can only be taken with {eousan}, meaning "belonging to them" i.e. the Athenians, and involves the insertion of {Pelasgoisi} or something equivalent with {edosan}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link6note-122" id="link6note-122"> + <a id="link6note-122"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 122 (<a href="#link6noteref-122">return</a>)<br /> [ {ktesamenoi}: some + 122 (<a href="#link6noteref-122">return</a>)<br > [ {ktesamenoi}: some MSS. and editions have {stesamenoi}, "set fifty-oared galleys in place."] </p> <p> - <br /> <br /> + <br > <br > </p> - <hr /> + <hr > <p> - <br /> <br /> <a name="link72H_4_0001" id="link72H_4_0001"> + <br > <br > <a id="link72H_4_0001"> <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> </p> <h2> @@ -6765,8 +6592,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger messengers to the various cities and ordered that they should get ready a force, appointing to each people to supply much more than at the former time, and not only ships of war, but also horses and provisions and - transport vessels; <a href="#link7note-1" name="link7noteref-1" - id="link7noteref-1">1</a> and when these commands were carried round, all + transport vessels; <a href="#link7note-1" id="link7noteref-1">1</a> and when these commands were carried round, all Asia was moved for three years, for all the best men were being enlisted for the expedition against Hellas, and were making preparations. In the fourth year however the Egyptians, who had been reduced to subjection by @@ -6825,14 +6651,12 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Persians, he kept continually to such discourse as this which follows, saying: "Master, it is not fitting that the Athenians, after having done to the Persians very great evil, should not pay the penalty for that which - they have done. What if thou shouldest <a href="#link7note-2" - name="link7noteref-2" id="link7noteref-2">2</a> at this present time do + they have done. What if thou shouldest <a href="#link7note-2" id="link7noteref-2">2</a> at this present time do that which thou hast in thy hands to do; and when thou hast tamed the land of Egypt, which has broken out insolently against us, then do thou march an army against Athens, that a good report may be made of thee by men, and that in future every one may beware of making expeditions against thy - land." Thus far his speech had to do with vengeance, <a href="#link7note-3" - name="link7noteref-3" id="link7noteref-3">3</a> and to this he would make + land." Thus far his speech had to do with vengeance, <a href="#link7note-3" id="link7noteref-3">3</a> and to this he would make addition as follows, saying that Europe was a very fair land and bore all kinds of trees that are cultivated for fruit, and was of excellent fertility, and such that the king alone of all mortals was worthy to @@ -6851,13 +6675,12 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger the same arguments as the Aleuadai; and moreover they offered him yet more inducement in addition to these; for there was one Onomacritos an Athenian, who both uttered oracles and also had collected and arranged the - oracles of Musaios; <a href="#link7note-4" name="link7noteref-4" - id="link7noteref-4">4</a> and with this man they had come up, after they + oracles of Musaios; <a href="#link7note-4" id="link7noteref-4">4</a> and with this man they had come up, after they had first reconciled the enmity between them. For Onomacritos had been driven forth from Athens by Hipparchos the son of Peisistratos, having been caught by Lasos of Hermion interpolating in the works of Musaios an oracle to the effect that the islands which lie off Lemnos should - disappear <a href="#link7note-5" name="link7noteref-5" id="link7noteref-5">5</a> + disappear <a href="#link7note-5" id="link7noteref-5">5</a> under the sea. For this reason Hipparchos drove him forth, having before this time been very much wont to consult him. Now however he had gone up with them; and when he had come into the presence of the king, the sons of @@ -6892,8 +6715,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger about many things. Now about the nations which Cyrus and Cambyses and my father Dareios subdued and added to their possessions there is no need for me to speak, since ye know well: and as for me, from the day when I - received by inheritance this throne upon which I sit <a href="#link7note-6" - name="link7noteref-6" id="link7noteref-6">6</a> I carefully considered + received by inheritance this throne upon which I sit <a href="#link7note-6" id="link7noteref-6">6</a> I carefully considered always how in this honourable place I might not fall short of those who have been before me, nor add less power to the dominion of the Persians: and thus carefully considering I find a way by which not only glory may be @@ -6914,9 +6736,8 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger sacred groves and the temples; and then secondly, what things they did to us when we disembarked in their land, at the time when Datis and Artaphrenes were commanders of our army, ye all know well, as I think. <a - href="#link7note-7" name="link7noteref-7" id="link7noteref-7">7</a> (c) - For these reasons <a href="#link7note-8" name="link7noteref-8" - id="link7noteref-8">8</a> I have resolved to make an expedition against + href="#link7note-7" id="link7noteref-7">7</a> (c) + For these reasons <a href="#link7note-8" id="link7noteref-8">8</a> I have resolved to make an expedition against them, and reckoning I find in the matter so many good things as ye shall hear:—if we shall subdue these and the neighbours of these, who dwell in the land of Pelops the Phrygian, we shall cause the Persian land @@ -7001,7 +6822,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger feared in this matter it is right that I should declare to thee. (b) Thou sayest that thou wilt yoke the Hellespont with a bridge and march an army through Europe to Hellas. Now supposing it chance that we are <a - href="#link7note-9" name="link7noteref-9" id="link7noteref-9">9</a> + href="#link7note-9" id="link7noteref-9">9</a> worsted either by land or by sea, or even both, for the men are reported to be valiant in fight, (and we may judge for ourselves that it is so, since the Athenians by themselves destroyed that great army which came @@ -7020,7 +6841,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger had not made opposition to them, the power of the Persians would have been brought to an end. Yet it is a fearful thing even to hear it reported that the whole power of the king had come to depend upon one human creature. <a - href="#link7note-10" name="link7noteref-10" id="link7noteref-10">10</a> + href="#link7note-10" id="link7noteref-10">10</a> (d) Do not thou therefore propose to go into any such danger when there is no need, but do as I say:—at the present time dissolve this assembly; and afterwards at whatever time it shall seem good to thee, when @@ -7065,8 +6886,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger this, and with them thyself also, if thou shalt return back. But if thou art not willing to undergo this proof, but wilt by all means lead an army against Hellas, then I say that those who are left behind in this land - will hear <a href="#link7note-11" name="link7noteref-11" - id="link7noteref-11">11</a> that Mardonios, after having done a great + will hear <a href="#link7note-11" id="link7noteref-11">11</a> that Mardonios, after having done a great mischief to the Persians, is torn by dogs and birds, either in the land of the Athenians, or else perchance thou wilt be in the land of the Lacedemonians (unless indeed this should have come to pass even before @@ -7082,12 +6902,10 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger together with the women; and I, even without thy help, will accomplish all the things which I said: for I would I might not be descended from Dareios, the son of Hystaspes, the son of Arsames, the son of Ariaramnes, - the son of Teïspes, or from Cyrus, <a href="#link7note-12" - name="link7noteref-12" id="link7noteref-12">12</a> the son of Cambyses, - the son of Teïspes, the son of Achaimenes, if I take not vengeance on the + the son of Teïspes, or from Cyrus, <a href="#link7note-12" id="link7noteref-12">12</a> the son of Cambyses, + the son of Teïspes, the son of Achaimenes, if I take not vengeance on the Athenians; since I know well that if we shall keep quiet, yet they will - not do so, but will again <a href="#link7note-13" name="link7noteref-13" - id="link7noteref-13">13</a> march against our land, if we may judge by the + not do so, but will again <a href="#link7note-13" id="link7noteref-13">13</a> march against our land, if we may judge by the deeds which have been done by them to begin with, since they both set fire to Sardis and marched upon Asia. It is not possible therefore that either side should retire from the quarrel, but the question before us is whether @@ -7112,8 +6930,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Persian, of leading an expedition against Hellas, now that thou hast made proclamation that the Persians shall collect an army? Thou dost not well in changing thy counsel, nor will he who is here present with thee excuse - thee from it; <a href="#link7note-1301" name="link7noteref-1301" - id="link7noteref-1301">1301</a> but as thou didst take counsel in the day + thee from it; <a href="#link7note-1301" id="link7noteref-1301">1301</a> but as thou didst take counsel in the day to do, by that way go." </p> <p> @@ -7124,10 +6941,8 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger changes in my counsel; for in judgment not yet am I come to my prime, and they who advise me to do the things which I said, do not for any long time leave me to myself. However, although at first when I heard the opinion of - Artabanos my youthful impulses burst out, <a href="#link7note-14" - name="link7noteref-14" id="link7noteref-14">14</a> so that I cast out - unseemly words <a href="#link7note-15" name="link7noteref-15" - id="link7noteref-15">15</a> against a man older than myself; yet now I + Artabanos my youthful impulses burst out, <a href="#link7note-14" id="link7noteref-14">14</a> so that I cast out + unseemly words <a href="#link7note-15" id="link7noteref-15">15</a> against a man older than myself; yet now I acknowledge that he is right, and I shall follow his opinion. Consider then I have changed my resolve to march against Hellas, and do ye remain still." @@ -7181,13 +6996,10 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger better counsel, thou sayest that when thou art disposed to let go the expedition against the Hellenes, a dream haunts thee sent by some god, which forbids thee to abandon thy enterprise. Nay, but here too thou dost - err, my son, since this is not of the Deity; <a href="#link7note-16" - name="link7noteref-16" id="link7noteref-16">16</a> for the dreams of sleep + err, my son, since this is not of the Deity; <a href="#link7note-16" id="link7noteref-16">16</a> for the dreams of sleep which come roaming about to men, are of such nature as I shall inform thee, being by many years older than thou. The visions of dreams are wont - to hover above us <a href="#link7note-17" name="link7noteref-17" - id="link7noteref-17">17</a> in such form <a href="#link7note-18" - name="link7noteref-18" id="link7noteref-18">18</a> for the most part as + to hover above us <a href="#link7note-17" id="link7noteref-17">17</a> in such form <a href="#link7note-18" id="link7noteref-18">18</a> for the most part as the things of which we were thinking during the day; and we in the days preceding were very much occupied with this campaign. (c) If however after all this is not such a thing as I interpret it to be, but is something @@ -7201,8 +7013,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger it is thou, judging so because the garments are thine. That however which we must find out now is this, namely if it will hold me in no account, and not think fit to appear to me, whether I have my own garments or whether I - have thine, but continue still to haunt thee; <a href="#link7note-19" - name="link7noteref-19" id="link7noteref-19">19</a> for if it shall indeed + have thine, but continue still to haunt thee; <a href="#link7note-19" id="link7noteref-19">19</a> for if it shall indeed haunt thee perpetually, I shall myself also be disposed to say that it is of the Deity. But if thou hast resolved that it shall be so, and it is not possible to turn aside this thy resolution, but I must go to sleep in thy @@ -7264,8 +7075,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 20. During four full years from the conquest of Egypt he was preparing the army and the things that were of service for the army, and in the course - of the fifth year <a href="#link7note-20" name="link7noteref-20" - id="link7noteref-20">20</a> he began his campaign with a host of great + of the fifth year <a href="#link7note-20" id="link7noteref-20">20</a> he began his campaign with a host of great multitude. For of all the armies of which we have knowledge this proved to be by far the greatest; so that neither that led by Dareios against the Scythians appears anything as compared with it, nor the Scythian host, @@ -7276,19 +7086,18 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger their expedition, nor that of the Mysians and Teucrians, before the Trojan war, who passed over into Europe by the Bosphorus and not only subdued all the Thracians, but came down also as far as the Ionian Sea <a - href="#link7note-21" name="link7noteref-21" id="link7noteref-21">21</a> + href="#link7note-21" id="link7noteref-21">21</a> and marched southwards to the river Peneios. </p> <p> 21. All these expeditions put together, with others, if there be any, - added to them, <a href="#link7note-22" name="link7noteref-22" - id="link7noteref-22">22</a> are not equal to this one alone. For what + added to them, <a href="#link7note-22" id="link7noteref-22">22</a> are not equal to this one alone. For what nation did Xerxes not lead out of Asia against Hellas? and what water was not exhausted, being drunk by his host, except only the great rivers? For some supplied ships, and others were appointed to serve in the land-army; to some it was appointed to furnish cavalry, and to others vessels to carry horses, while they served in the expedition themselves also; <a - href="#link7note-23" name="link7noteref-23" id="link7noteref-23">23</a> + href="#link7note-23" id="link7noteref-23">23</a> others were ordered to furnish ships of war for the bridges, and others again ships with provisions. </p> @@ -7304,12 +7113,11 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger the work. Now Athos is a mountain great and famous, running down to the sea and inhabited by men: and where the mountain ends on the side of the mainland the place is like a peninsula with an isthmus about twelve - furlongs <a href="#link7note-24" name="link7noteref-24" - id="link7noteref-24">24</a> across. Here it is plain land or hills of no + furlongs <a href="#link7note-24" id="link7noteref-24">24</a> across. Here it is plain land or hills of no great size, extending from the sea of the Acanthians to that which lies off Torone; and on this isthmus, where Athos ends, is situated a Hellenic city called Sane: moreover there are others beyond Sane <a - href="#link7note-25" name="link7noteref-25" id="link7noteref-25">25</a> + href="#link7note-25" id="link7noteref-25">25</a> and within the peninsula of Athos, all which at this time the Persian had resolved to make into cities of an island and no longer of the mainland; these are, Dion, Olophyxos, Acrothoon, Thyssos, Cleonai. @@ -7349,7 +7157,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 25. These things were being done by Xerxes thus; and meanwhile he caused ropes also to be prepared for the bridges, made of papyrus and of white - flax, <a href="#link7note-26" name="link7noteref-26" id="link7noteref-26">26</a> + flax, <a href="#link7note-26" id="link7noteref-26">26</a> appointing this to the Phenicians and Egyptians; and also he was making preparations to store provisions for his army on the way, that neither the army itself nor the baggage animals might suffer from scarcity, as they @@ -7357,10 +7165,9 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger inquiry of the various places, he bade them make stores where it was most convenient, carrying supplies to different parts by merchant ships and ferry-boats from all the countries of Asia. So they conveyed the greater - part of the corn <a href="#link7note-27" name="link7noteref-27" - id="link7noteref-27">27</a> to the place which is called Leuke Acte in + part of the corn <a href="#link7note-27" id="link7noteref-27">27</a> to the place which is called Leuke Acte in Thrace, while others conveyed stores to Tyrodiza of the Perinthians, - others to Doriscos, others to Eïon on the Strymon, and others to + others to Doriscos, others to Eïon on the Strymon, and others to Macedonia, the work being distributed between them. </p> <p> @@ -7375,8 +7182,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger river Halys and had entered Phrygia, marching through this land they came to Kelainai, where the springs of the river Maiander come up, and also those of another river not less than the Maiander, whose name is - Catarractes; <a href="#link7note-28" name="link7noteref-28" - id="link7noteref-28">28</a> this rises in the market-place itself of + Catarractes; <a href="#link7note-28" id="link7noteref-28">28</a> this rises in the market-place itself of Kelainai and runs into the Maiander: and here also is hanging up in the city the skin of Marsyas the Silenos, which is said by the Phrygians to have been flayed off and hung up by Apollo. @@ -7400,9 +7206,8 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger know the truth: for as soon as I heard that thou wert coming down to the Sea of Hellas, desiring to give thee money for the war I ascertained the truth, and calculating I found that I had of silver two thousand talents, - and of gold four hundred myriads <a href="#link7note-29" - name="link7noteref-29" id="link7noteref-29">29</a> of daric staters <a - href="#link7note-30" name="link7noteref-30" id="link7noteref-30">30</a> + and of gold four hundred myriads <a href="#link7note-29" id="link7noteref-29">29</a> of daric staters <a + href="#link7note-30" id="link7noteref-30">30</a> all but seven thousand: and with this money I present thee. For myself I have sufficient livelihood from my slaves and from my estates of land." </p> @@ -7431,7 +7236,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger comes up to view again, and this river also flows into the Maiander. Setting forth from Colossai towards the boundaries of the Phrygians and Lydians, the army arrived at the city of Kydrara, where a pillar <a - href="#link7note-3001" name="link7noteref-3001" id="link7noteref-3001">3001</a> + href="#link7note-3001" id="link7noteref-3001">3001</a> is fixed, set up by Croesus, which declares by an inscription that the boundaries are there. </p> @@ -7444,7 +7249,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger wheat-flour. By this road went Xerxes and found a plane-tree, to which for its beauty he gave an adornment of gold, and appointed that some one should have charge of it always in undying succession; <a - href="#link7note-31" name="link7noteref-31" id="link7noteref-31">31</a> + href="#link7note-31" id="link7noteref-31">31</a> and on the next day he came to the city of the Lydians. </p> <p> @@ -7461,11 +7266,10 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 33. After this he made his preparations intending to march to Abydos: and meanwhile they were bridging over the Hellespont from Asia to Europe. Now there is in the Chersonese of the Hellespont between the city of Sestos - and Madytos, a broad foreland <a href="#link7note-32" - name="link7noteref-32" id="link7noteref-32">32</a> running down into the + and Madytos, a broad foreland <a href="#link7note-32" id="link7noteref-32">32</a> running down into the sea right opposite Abydos; this is the place where no long time afterwards the Athenians under the command of Xanthippos the son of Ariphron, having - taken Artaÿctes a Persian, who was the governor of Sestos, nailed him + taken Artaÿctes a Persian, who was the governor of Sestos, nailed him alive to a board with hands and feet extended (he was the man who was wont to take women with him to the temple of Protesilaos at Elaius and to do things there which are not lawful). @@ -7486,8 +7290,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger because thou didst wrong him not having suffered any wrong from him: and Xerxes the king will pass over thee whether thou be willing or no; but with right, as it seems, no man doeth sacrifice to thee, seeing that thou - art a treacherous <a href="#link7note-33" name="link7noteref-33" - id="link7noteref-33">33</a> and briny stream." The sea he enjoined them to + art a treacherous <a href="#link7note-33" id="link7noteref-33">33</a> and briny stream." The sea he enjoined them to chastise thus, and also he bade them cut off the heads of those who were appointed to have charge over the bridging of the Hellespont. </p> @@ -7498,28 +7301,25 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger three hundred and sixty to be under the bridge towards the Euxine Sea, and three hundred and fourteen to be under the other, the vessels lying in the direction of the stream of the Hellespont (though crosswise in respect to - the Pontus), to support the tension of the ropes. <a href="#link7note-34" - name="link7noteref-34" id="link7noteref-34">34</a> They placed them + the Pontus), to support the tension of the ropes. <a href="#link7note-34" id="link7noteref-34">34</a> They placed them together thus, and let down very large anchors, those on the one side <a - href="#link7note-35" name="link7noteref-35" id="link7noteref-35">35</a> + href="#link7note-35" id="link7noteref-35">35</a> towards the Pontus because of the winds which blow from within outwards, and on the other side, towards the West and the Egean, because of the - South-East <a href="#link7note-36" name="link7noteref-36" - id="link7noteref-36">36</a> and South Winds. They left also an opening for + South-East <a href="#link7note-36" id="link7noteref-36">36</a> and South Winds. They left also an opening for a passage through, so that any who wished might be able to sail into the - Pontus with small vessels, <a href="#link7note-37" name="link7noteref-37" - id="link7noteref-37">37</a> and also from the Pontus outwards. Having thus + Pontus with small vessels, <a href="#link7note-37" id="link7noteref-37">37</a> and also from the Pontus outwards. Having thus done, they proceeded to stretch tight the ropes, straining them with wooden windlasses, not now appointing the two kinds of rope to be used apart from one another, but assigning to each bridge two ropes of white flax and four of the papyrus ropes. The thickness and beauty of make was the same for both, but the flaxen ropes were heavier in proportion, <a - href="#link7note-38" name="link7noteref-38" id="link7noteref-38">38</a> + href="#link7note-38" id="link7noteref-38">38</a> and of this rope a cubit weighed one talent. When the passage was bridged over, they sawed up logs of wood, and making them equal in length to the breadth of the bridge they laid them above the stretched ropes, and having set them thus in order they again fastened them above. <a - href="#link7note-39" name="link7noteref-39" id="link7noteref-39">39</a> + href="#link7note-39" id="link7noteref-39">39</a> When this was done, they carried on brushwood, and having set the brushwood also in place, they carried on to it earth; and when they had stamped down the earth firmly, they built a barrier along on each side, so @@ -7539,7 +7339,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Xerxes saw and perceived this, it became a matter of concern to him; and he asked the Magians what the appearance meant to portend. These declared that the god was foreshowing to the Hellenes a leaving <a - href="#link7note-40" name="link7noteref-40" id="link7noteref-40">40</a> of + href="#link7note-40" id="link7noteref-40">40</a> of their cities, saying that the Sun was the foreshower of events for the Hellenes, but the Moon for the Persians. Having been thus informed, Xerxes proceeded on the march with very great joy. @@ -7593,8 +7393,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger thousand horsemen, chosen out of all the Persians; and after them a thousand spearmen chosen also from all the Persians, having the points of their spears turned down to the ground; and then ten sacred horses, called - "Nesaian," <a href="#link7note-41" name="link7noteref-41" - id="link7noteref-41">41</a> with the fairest possible trappings. Now the + "Nesaian," <a href="#link7note-41" id="link7noteref-41">41</a> with the fairest possible trappings. Now the horses are called Nesaian for this reason:—there is a wide plain in the land of Media which is called the Nesaian plain, and this plain produces the great horses of which I speak. Behind these ten horses the @@ -7610,7 +7409,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger whenever he was so disposed, from the chariot to a carriage. And behind him went spearmen, the best and most noble of the Persians, a thousand in number, holding their spear-points in the customary way; <a - href="#link7note-42" name="link7noteref-42" id="link7noteref-42">42</a> + href="#link7note-42" id="link7noteref-42">42</a> and after them another thousand horsemen chosen out from the Persians; and after the horsemen ten thousand men chosen out from the remainder of the Persians. This body went on foot; and of these a thousand had upon their @@ -7624,16 +7423,15 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Then the rest of the host came marching without distinction. </p> <p> - 42. So the army proceeded on its march from Lydia to the river Caïcos and - the land of Mysia; and then setting forth from the Caïcos and keeping the + 42. So the army proceeded on its march from Lydia to the river Caïcos and + the land of Mysia; and then setting forth from the Caïcos and keeping the mountain of Cane on the left hand, it marched through the region of Atarneus to the city of Carene. From this it went through the plain of Thebe, passing by the cities of Adramytteion and Antandros of the Pelasgians; and taking mount Ida on the left hand, it came on to the land of Ilion. And first, when it had stopped for the night close under mount Ida, thunder and bolts of lightning fell upon it, and destroyed here in - this place a very large number of men. <a href="#link7note-43" - name="link7noteref-43" id="link7noteref-43">43</a> + this place a very large number of men. <a href="#link7note-43" id="link7noteref-43">43</a> </p> <p> 43. Then when the army had come to the river Scamander,—which of all @@ -7641,7 +7439,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger undertook their march, was the first of which the stream failed and was not sufficient for the drinking of the army and of the animals with it,—when, I say, Xerxes had come to this river, he went up to the Citadel of Priam, - <a href="#link7note-44" name="link7noteref-44" id="link7noteref-44">44</a> + <a href="#link7note-44" id="link7noteref-44">44</a> having a desire to see it; and having seen it and learnt by inquiry of all those matters severally, he sacrificed a thousand heifers to Athene of Ilion, and the Magians poured libations in honour of the heroes: and after @@ -7651,11 +7449,9 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger having on the right hand the Gergith Teucrians. </p> <p> - 44. When Xerxes had come into the midst of Abydos, <a href="#link7note-45" - name="link7noteref-45" id="link7noteref-45">45</a> he had a desire to see + 44. When Xerxes had come into the midst of Abydos, <a href="#link7note-45" id="link7noteref-45">45</a> he had a desire to see all the army; and there had been made purposely for him beforehand upon a - hill in this place a raised seat of white stone, <a href="#link7note-46" - name="link7noteref-46" id="link7noteref-46">46</a> which the people of + hill in this place a raised seat of white stone, <a href="#link7note-46" id="link7noteref-46">46</a> which the people of Abydos had built at the command of the king given beforehand. There he took his seat, and looking down upon the shore he gazed both upon the land-army and the ships; and gazing upon them he had a longing to see a @@ -7703,7 +7499,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 48. To this Xerxes made answer in these words: "Thou strangest of men, <a - href="#link7note-47" name="link7noteref-47" id="link7noteref-47">47</a> of + href="#link7note-47" id="link7noteref-47">47</a> of what nature are these two things which thou sayest are utterly hostile to me? Is it that the land-army is to be found fault with in the matter of numbers, and that the army of the Hellenes appears to thee likely to be @@ -7720,8 +7516,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger land and the sea. For neither in the sea is there, as I suppose, a harbour anywhere large enough to receive this fleet of thine, if a storm should arise, and to ensure the safety of the ships till it be over; and yet not - one alone <a href="#link7note-48" name="link7noteref-48" - id="link7noteref-48">48</a> ought this harbour to be, but there should be + one alone <a href="#link7note-48" id="link7noteref-48">48</a> ought this harbour to be, but there should be such harbours along the whole coast of the continent by which thou sailest; and if there are not harbours to receive thy ships, know that accidents will rule men and not men the accidents. Now having told thee of @@ -7729,7 +7524,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger say, becomes hostile to thee in this way:—if nothing shall come to oppose thee, the land is hostile to thee by so much the more in proportion as thou shalt advance more, ever stealing on further and further, <a - href="#link7note-49" name="link7noteref-49" id="link7noteref-49">49</a> + href="#link7note-49" id="link7noteref-49">49</a> for there is no satiety of good fortune felt by men: and this I say, that with no one to stand against thee the country traversed, growing more and more as time goes on, will produce for thee famine. Man, however, will be @@ -7794,8 +7589,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger displayed righteous dealing and trustworthiness, and nought at all that was unfriendly. Besides this, seeing that they have left children and wives and wealth in our land, we must not even imagine that they will make - any rebellion. <a href="#link7note-50" name="link7noteref-50" - id="link7noteref-50">50</a> Fear not then this thing either, but have a + any rebellion. <a href="#link7note-50" id="link7noteref-50">50</a> Fear not then this thing either, but have a good heart and keep safe my house and my government; for to thee of all men I entrust my sceptre of rule." </p> @@ -7812,8 +7606,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger informed, we are marching against good men, and if we shall overcome them, there will not be any other army of men which will ever stand against us. Now therefore let us begin the crossing, after having made prayer to those - gods who have the Persians <a href="#link7note-51" name="link7noteref-51" - id="link7noteref-51">51</a> for their allotted charge." + gods who have the Persians <a href="#link7note-51" id="link7noteref-51">51</a> for their allotted charge." </p> <p> 54. During this day then they were making preparation to cross over; and @@ -7877,7 +7670,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger sunrising, through the Chersonese, keeping on its right the tomb of Helle the daughter of Athamas, and on its left the city of Cardia, and marching through the midst of a town the name of which is Agora. <a - href="#link7note-52" name="link7noteref-52" id="link7noteref-52">52</a> + href="#link7note-52" id="link7noteref-52">52</a> Thence bending round the gulf called Melas and having crossed over the river Melas, the stream of which did not suffice at this time for the army but failed,—having crossed, I say, this river, from which the gulf @@ -7905,11 +7698,9 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 60. Now of the number which each separate nation supplied I am not able to give certain information, for this is not reported by any persons; but of the whole land-army taken together the number proved to be one hundred and - seventy myriads: <a href="#link7note-53" name="link7noteref-53" - id="link7noteref-53">53</a> and they numbered them throughout in the + seventy myriads: <a href="#link7note-53" id="link7noteref-53">53</a> and they numbered them throughout in the following manner:—they gathered together in one place a body of ten - thousand men, and packing them together <a href="#link7note-54" - name="link7noteref-54" id="link7noteref-54">54</a> as closely as they + thousand men, and packing them together <a href="#link7note-54" id="link7noteref-54">54</a> as closely as they could, they drew a circle round outside: and thus having drawn a circle round and having let the ten thousand men go from it, they built a wall of rough stones round the circumference of the circle, rising to the height @@ -7920,21 +7711,17 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 61. Now those who served were as follows:—The Persians with this - equipment:—about their heads they had soft <a href="#link7note-55" - name="link7noteref-55" id="link7noteref-55">55</a> felt caps called <i>tiaras</i>, + equipment:—about their heads they had soft <a href="#link7note-55" id="link7noteref-55">55</a> felt caps called <i>tiaras</i>, and about their body tunics of various colours with sleeves, presenting - the appearance of iron scales like those of a fish, <a href="#link7note-56" - name="link7noteref-56" id="link7noteref-56">56</a> and about the legs + the appearance of iron scales like those of a fish, <a href="#link7note-56" id="link7noteref-56">56</a> and about the legs trousers; and instead of the ordinary shields they had shields of - wicker-work, <a href="#link7note-57" name="link7noteref-57" - id="link7noteref-57">57</a> under which hung quivers; and they had short + wicker-work, <a href="#link7note-57" id="link7noteref-57">57</a> under which hung quivers; and they had short spears and large bows and arrows of reed, and moreover daggers hanging by the right thigh from the girdle: and they acknowledged as their commander Otanes the father of Amestris the wife of Xerxes. Now these were called by the Hellenes in ancient time Kephenes; by themselves however and by their neighbours they were called Artaians: but when Perseus, the son of Danae - and Zeus, came to Kepheus the son of Belos <a href="#link7note-58" - name="link7noteref-58" id="link7noteref-58">58</a> and took to wife his + and Zeus, came to Kepheus the son of Belos <a href="#link7note-58" id="link7noteref-58">58</a> and took to wife his daughter Andromeda, there was born to them a son to whom he gave the name Perses, and this son he left behind there, for it chanced that Kepheus had no male offspring: after him therefore this race was named. @@ -7947,8 +7734,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Colchian came from Athens to these Arians, they also changed their name. Thus the Medes themselves report about themselves. The Kissians served with equipment in other respects like that of the Persians, but instead of - the felt caps they wore fillets: <a href="#link7note-59" - name="link7noteref-59" id="link7noteref-59">59</a>and of the Kissians + the felt caps they wore fillets: <a href="#link7note-59" id="link7noteref-59">59</a>and of the Kissians Anaphes the son of Otanes was commander. The Hyrcanians were armed like the Persians, acknowledging as their leader Megapanos, the same who after these events became governor of Babylon. @@ -7957,19 +7743,17 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 63. The Assyrians served with helmets about their heads made of bronze or plaited in a Barbarian style which it is not easy to describe; and they had shields and spears, and daggers like the Egyptian knives, <a - href="#link7note-60" name="link7noteref-60" id="link7noteref-60">60</a> + href="#link7note-60" id="link7noteref-60">60</a> and moreover they had wooden clubs with knobs of iron, and corslets of linen. These are by the Hellenes called Syrians, but by the Barbarians - they have been called always <a href="#link7note-61" name="link7noteref-61" - id="link7noteref-61">61</a> Assyrians: [among these were the Chaldeans]: - <a href="#link7note-62" name="link7noteref-62" id="link7noteref-62">62</a> + they have been called always <a href="#link7note-61" id="link7noteref-61">61</a> Assyrians: [among these were the Chaldeans]: + <a href="#link7note-62" id="link7noteref-62">62</a> and the commander of them was Otaspes the son of Artachaies. </p> <p> 64. The Bactrians served wearing about their heads nearly the same covering as the Medes, and having native bows of reed and short spears. - The Scaran Scythians had about their heads caps <a href="#link7note-63" - name="link7noteref-63" id="link7noteref-63">63</a> which were carried up + The Scaran Scythians had about their heads caps <a href="#link7note-63" id="link7noteref-63">63</a> which were carried up to a point and set upright and stiff; and they wore trousers, and carried native bows and daggers, and besides this axes of the kind called <i>sagaris</i>. These were called Amyrgian Sacans, being in fact Scythians; for the @@ -7984,25 +7768,21 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Artabates. </p> <p> - 66. The Arians <a href="#link7note-64" name="link7noteref-64" - id="link7noteref-64">64</a> were equipped with Median bows, and in other + 66. The Arians <a href="#link7note-64" id="link7noteref-64">64</a> were equipped with Median bows, and in other respects like the Bactrians: and of the Arians Sisamnes the son of Hydarnes was in command. The Parthians and Chorasmians and Sogdians and Gandarians and Dadicans served with the same equipment as the Bactrians. Of these the commanders were, Artabazos the son of Pharnakes of the Parthians and Chorasmians, Azanes the son of Artaios of the Sogdians, and Artyphios the son of Artabanos of the Gandarians and Dadicans. The - Caspians served wearing coats of skin <a href="#link7note-65" - name="link7noteref-65" id="link7noteref-65">65</a> and having native bows - of reed and short swords: <a href="#link7note-66" name="link7noteref-66" - id="link7noteref-66">66</a> thus were these equipped; and they + Caspians served wearing coats of skin <a href="#link7note-65" id="link7noteref-65">65</a> and having native bows + of reed and short swords: <a href="#link7note-66" id="link7noteref-66">66</a> thus were these equipped; and they acknowledged as their leader Ariomardos the brother of Artyphios. The Sarangians were conspicuous among the rest by wearing dyed garments; and they had boots reaching up to the knee, and Median bows and spears: of these the commander was Pherendates the son of Megabazos. The Pactyans - were wearers of skin coats <a href="#link7note-67" name="link7noteref-67" - id="link7noteref-67">67</a> and had native bows and daggers: these - acknowledged as their commander Artaÿntes the son of Ithamitres. + were wearers of skin coats <a href="#link7note-67" id="link7noteref-67">67</a> and had native bows and daggers: these + acknowledged as their commander Artaÿntes the son of Ithamitres. </p> <p> 68. The Utians and Mycans and Paricanians were equipped like the Pactyans: @@ -8010,21 +7790,18 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger and Mycans, and of the Paricanians Siromitres the son of Oiobazos. </p> <p> - 69. The Arabians wore loose mantles <a href="#link7note-68" - name="link7noteref-68" id="link7noteref-68">68</a> girt up, and they - carried at their right side bows that bent backward <a href="#link7note-69" - name="link7noteref-69" id="link7noteref-69">69</a> of great length. The + 69. The Arabians wore loose mantles <a href="#link7note-68" id="link7noteref-68">68</a> girt up, and they + carried at their right side bows that bent backward <a href="#link7note-69" id="link7noteref-69">69</a> of great length. The Ethiopians had skins of leopards and lions tied upon them, and bows made - of a slip <a href="#link7note-70" name="link7noteref-70" - id="link7noteref-70">70</a> of palm-wood, which were of great length, not + of a slip <a href="#link7note-70" id="link7noteref-70">70</a> of palm-wood, which were of great length, not less than four cubits, and for them small arrows of reed with a sharpened stone at the head instead of iron, the same stone with which they engrave seals: in addition to this they had spears, and on them was the sharpened horn of a gazelle by way of a spear-head, and they had also clubs with knobs upon them. Of their body they used to smear over half with white, <a - href="#link7note-71" name="link7noteref-71" id="link7noteref-71">71</a> + href="#link7note-71" id="link7noteref-71">71</a> when they went into battle, and the other half with red. <a - href="#link7note-72" name="link7noteref-72" id="link7noteref-72">72</a> Of + href="#link7note-72" id="link7noteref-72">72</a> Of the Arabians and the Ethiopians who dwelt above Egypt the commander was Arsames, the son of Dareios and of Artystone, the daughter of Cyrus, whom Dareios loved most of all his wives, and had an image made of her of @@ -8092,10 +7869,9 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Artabanos. </p> <p> - 76.... <a href="#link7note-73" name="link7noteref-73" id="link7noteref-73">73</a> + 76.... <a href="#link7note-73" id="link7noteref-73">73</a> and they had small shields of raw ox-hide, and each man carried two - hunting-spears of Lykian workmanship. <a href="#link7note-74" - name="link7noteref-74" id="link7noteref-74">74</a> On their heads they + hunting-spears of Lykian workmanship. <a href="#link7note-74" id="link7noteref-74">74</a> On their heads they wore helmets of bronze, and to the helmets the ears and horns of an ox were attached, in bronze, and upon them also there were crests; and the lower part of their legs was wrapped round with red-coloured strips of @@ -8116,7 +7892,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger arrayed together under the following commanders,—the Moschoi and Tibarenians under Ariomardos, who was the son of Dareios and of Parmys, the daughter of Smerdis son of Cyrus; the Macronians and Mossynoicoi under - Artaÿctes the son of Cherasmis, who was governor of Sestos on the + Artaÿctes the son of Cherasmis, who was governor of Sestos on the Hellespont. </p> <p> @@ -8130,8 +7906,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 80. The island tribes which came with the army from the Erythraian Sea, belonging to the islands in which the king settles those who are called - the "Removed," <a href="#link7note-75" name="link7noteref-75" - id="link7noteref-75">75</a> had clothing and arms very like those of the + the "Removed," <a href="#link7note-75" id="link7noteref-75">75</a> had clothing and arms very like those of the Medes. Of these islanders the commander was Mardontes the son of Bagaios, who in the year after these events was a commander of the army at Mykale and lost his life in the battle. @@ -8151,8 +7926,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger in command Mardonios the son of Gobryas, Tritantaichmes the son of that Artabanos who gave the opinion that they should not make the march against Hellas, Smerdomenes the son of Otanes (both these being sons of brothers - of Dareios and so cousins of Xerxes), <a href="#link7note-76" - name="link7noteref-76" id="link7noteref-76">76</a> Masistes the son of + of Dareios and so cousins of Xerxes), <a href="#link7note-76" id="link7noteref-76">76</a> Masistes the son of Dareios and Atossa, Gergis the son of Ariazos, and Megabyzos the son of Zopyros. </p> @@ -8186,8 +7960,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger these when they go into war: and the manner of fighting of these men is as follows:—when they come to conflict with the enemy, they throw the ropes with nooses at the end of them, and whatsoever the man catches by - the throw, <a href="#link7note-77" name="link7noteref-77" - id="link7noteref-77">77</a> whether horse or man, he draws to himself, and + the throw, <a href="#link7note-77" id="link7noteref-77">77</a> whether horse or man, he draws to himself, and they being entangled in toils are thus destroyed. </p> <p> @@ -8195,20 +7968,18 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger next to the Persians. The Medes had the same equipment as their men on foot, and the Kissians likewise. The Indians were armed in the same manner as those of them who served on foot, and they both rode horses <a - href="#link7note-78" name="link7noteref-78" id="link7noteref-78">78</a> + href="#link7note-78" id="link7noteref-78">78</a> and drove chariots, in which were harnessed horses or wild asses. The Bactrians were equipped in the same way as those who served on foot, and the Caspians likewise. The Libyans too were equipped like those who served on foot, and these also all drove chariots. So too the Caspians <a - href="#link7note-79" name="link7noteref-79" id="link7noteref-79">79</a> + href="#link7note-79" id="link7noteref-79">79</a> and Paricanians were equipped like those who served on foot, and they all rode on camels, which in swiftness were not inferior to horses. </p> <p> - 87. These nations alone served <a href="#link7note-80" - name="link7noteref-80" id="link7noteref-80">80</a> as cavalry, and the - number of the cavalry proved to be eight myriads, <a href="#link7note-81" - name="link7noteref-81" id="link7noteref-81">81</a> apart from the camels + 87. These nations alone served <a href="#link7note-80" id="link7noteref-80">80</a> as cavalry, and the + number of the cavalry proved to be eight myriads, <a href="#link7note-81" id="link7noteref-81">81</a> apart from the camels and the chariots. Now the rest of the cavalry was arrayed in squadrons, but the Arabians were placed after them and last of all, for the horses could not endure the camels, and therefore they were placed last, in order @@ -8230,8 +8001,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 89. Of the triremes the number proved to be one thousand two hundred and seven, and these were they who furnished them:—the Phenicians, - together with the Syrians <a href="#link7note-82" name="link7noteref-82" - id="link7noteref-82">82</a> who dwell in Palestine furnished three + together with the Syrians <a href="#link7note-82" id="link7noteref-82">82</a> who dwell in Palestine furnished three hundred; and they were equipped thus, that is to say, they had about their heads leathern caps made very nearly in the Hellenic fashion, and they wore corslets of linen, and had shields without rims and javelins. These @@ -8241,15 +8011,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger called Palestine. The Egyptians furnished two hundred ships: these men had about their heads helmets of plaited work, and they had hollow shields with the rims large, and spears for sea-fighting, and large axes: <a - href="#link7note-83" name="link7noteref-83" id="link7noteref-83">83</a> + href="#link7note-83" id="link7noteref-83">83</a> the greater number of them wore corslets, and they had large knives. </p> <p> 90. These men were thus equipped; and the Cyprians furnished a hundred and fifty ships, being themselves equipped as follows,—their kings had - their heads wound round with fillets, <a href="#link7note-84" - name="link7noteref-84" id="link7noteref-84">84</a> and the rest had - tunics, <a href="#link7note-85" name="link7noteref-85" id="link7noteref-85">85</a> + their heads wound round with fillets, <a href="#link7note-84" id="link7noteref-84">84</a> and the rest had + tunics, <a href="#link7note-85" id="link7noteref-85">85</a> but in other respects they were like the Hellenes. Among these there are various races as follows,—some of them are from Salamis and Athens, others from Arcadia, others from Kythnos, others again from Phenicia and @@ -8258,8 +8027,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 91. The Kilikians furnished a hundred ships; and these again had about their heads native helmets, and for shields they carried targets made of - raw ox-hide: they wore tunics <a href="#link7note-86" - name="link7noteref-86" id="link7noteref-86">86</a> of wool and each man + raw ox-hide: they wore tunics <a href="#link7note-86" id="link7noteref-86">86</a> of wool and each man had two javelins and a sword, this last being made very like the Egyptian knives. These in old time were called Hypachaians, and they got their later name from Kilix the son of Agenor, a Phenician. The Pamphylians @@ -8272,8 +8040,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger and greaves, and had bows of cornel-wood and arrows of reeds without feathers and javelins and a goat-skin hanging over their shoulders, and about their heads felt caps wreathed round with feathers; also they had - daggers and falchions. <a href="#link7note-87" name="link7noteref-87" - id="link7noteref-87">87</a> The Lykians were formerly called Termilai, + daggers and falchions. <a href="#link7note-87" id="link7noteref-87">87</a> The Lykians were formerly called Termilai, being originally of Crete, and they got their later name from Lycos the son of Pandion, an Athenian. </p> @@ -8282,16 +8049,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger arms and were originally from the Peloponnese. The Carians supplied seventy ships; and they were equipped in other respects like Hellenes but they had also falchions and daggers. What was the former name of these has - been told in the first part of the history. <a href="#link7note-88" - name="link7noteref-88" id="link7noteref-88">88</a> + been told in the first part of the history. <a href="#link7note-88" id="link7noteref-88">88</a> </p> <p> 94. The Ionians furnished a hundred ships, and were equipped like Hellenes. Now the Ionians, so long time as they dwelt in the Peloponnese, in the land which is now called Achaia, and before the time when Danaos and Xuthos came to the Peloponnese, were called, as the Hellenes report, - Pelasgians of the Coast-land, <a href="#link7note-89" - name="link7noteref-89" id="link7noteref-89">89</a> and then Ionians after + Pelasgians of the Coast-land, <a href="#link7note-89" id="link7noteref-89">89</a> and then Ionians after Ion the son of Xuthos. </p> <p> @@ -8329,21 +8094,18 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger daughter of Gobryas; of the Egyptians Achaimenes was commander, being brother of Xerxes by both parents; and of the rest of the armament the other two were in command: and galleys of thirty oars and of fifty oars, - and light vessels, <a href="#link7note-90" name="link7noteref-90" - id="link7noteref-90">90</a> and long <a href="#link7note-91" - name="link7noteref-91" id="link7noteref-91">91</a> ships to carry horses + and light vessels, <a href="#link7note-90" id="link7noteref-90">90</a> and long <a href="#link7note-91" id="link7noteref-91">91</a> ships to carry horses had been assembled together, as it proved, to the number of three thousand. </p> <p> 98. Of those who sailed in the ships the men of most note after the commanders were these,—of Sidon, Tetramnestos son of Anysos; of - Tyre, Matten <a href="#link7note-92" name="link7noteref-92" - id="link7noteref-92">92</a> son of Siromos; or Arados, Merbalos son of + Tyre, Matten <a href="#link7note-92" id="link7noteref-92">92</a> son of Siromos; or Arados, Merbalos son of Agbalos; of Kilikia, Syennesis son of Oromedon; of Lykia, Kyberniscos son of Sicas; of Cyprus, Gorgos son of Chersis and Timonax son of Timagoras; of Caria, Histiaios son of Tymnes, Pigres son of Hysseldomos, <a - href="#link7note-93" name="link7noteref-93" id="link7noteref-93">93</a> + href="#link7note-93" id="link7noteref-93">93</a> and Damasithymos son of Candaules. </p> <p> @@ -8375,8 +8137,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger with the land-army, and having the answers written down. And the captains had taken their ships out to a distance of about four hundred feet from the beach and were staying them there, all having turned the prows of the - ships towards the shore in an even line <a href="#link7note-94" - name="link7noteref-94" id="link7noteref-94">94</a> and having armed all + ships towards the shore in an even line <a href="#link7note-94" id="link7noteref-94">94</a> and having armed all the fighting-men as for war; and he inspected them sailing within, between the prows of the ships and the beach. </p> @@ -8392,7 +8153,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger suppose, even if all the Hellenes and the remaining nations who dwell towards the West should be gathered together, they are not strong enough in fight to endure my attack, supposing them to be my enemies. <a - href="#link7note-95" name="link7noteref-95" id="link7noteref-95">95</a> I + href="#link7note-95" id="link7noteref-95">95</a> I desire however to be informed also of thy opinion, what thou sayest about these matters." He inquired thus, and the other made answer and said: "O king, shall I utter the truth in speaking to thee, or that which will give @@ -8443,7 +8204,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger I for my part suppose that, even if equally matched in numbers, the Hellenes would hardly dare to fight with the Persians taken alone. With us however this of which thou speakest is found in single men, <a - href="#link7note-96" name="link7noteref-96" id="link7noteref-96">96</a> + href="#link7note-96" id="link7noteref-96">96</a> not indeed often, but rarely; for there are Persians of my spearmen who will consent to fight with three men of the Hellenes at once: but thou hast had no experience of these things and therefore thou speakest very @@ -8460,8 +8221,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger land and an exile; but thy father took me up and gave me livelihood and a house to dwell in. Surely it is not to be supposed likely that the prudent man will thrust aside friendliness which is offered to him, but rather - that he will accept it with full contentment. <a href="#link7note-97" - name="link7noteref-97" id="link7noteref-97">97</a> And I do not profess + that he will accept it with full contentment. <a href="#link7note-97" id="link7noteref-97">97</a> And I do not profess that I am able to fight either with ten men or with two, nay, if I had my will, I would not even fight with one; but if there were necessity or if the cause which urged me to the combat were a great one, I would fight @@ -8496,13 +8256,13 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger about the Hellespont; and these all, both those in Thrace and in the Hellespont, were conquered by the Hellenes after this expedition, except only the one who was at Doriscos; but Mascames at Doriscos none were ever - <a href="#link7note-98" name="link7noteref-98" id="link7noteref-98">98</a> + <a href="#link7note-98" id="link7noteref-98">98</a> able to conquer, though many tried. For this reason the gifts are sent continually for him from the king who reigns over the Persians. </p> <p> 107. Of those however who were conquered by the Hellenes Xerxes did not - consider any to be a good man except only Boges, who was at Eïon: him he + consider any to be a good man except only Boges, who was at Eïon: him he never ceased commending, and he honoured very highly his children who survived him in the land of Persia. For in truth Boges proved himself worthy of great commendation, seeing that when he was besieged by the @@ -8528,7 +8288,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger a city called Mesambria. Next to this follows Stryme, a city of the Thasians, and midway between them flows the river Lisos, which at this time did not suffice when supplying its water to the army of Xerxes, but - the stream failed. This country was in old time called Gallaïke, but now + the stream failed. This country was in old time called Gallaïke, but now Briantike; however by strict justice this also belongs to the Kikonians. </p> <p> @@ -8537,17 +8297,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Abdera. These I say he passed by, and also the following lakes of note lying near them,—the Ismarian lake, lying between Maroneia and Stryme; the Bistonian lake near Dicaia, into which two rivers pour their - waters, the Trauos <a href="#link7note-99" name="link7noteref-99" - id="link7noteref-99">99</a> and the Compsantos; <a href="#link7note-100" - name="link7noteref-100" id="link7noteref-100">100</a> and at Abdera no + waters, the Trauos <a href="#link7note-99" id="link7noteref-99">99</a> and the Compsantos; <a href="#link7note-100" id="link7noteref-100">100</a> and at Abdera no lake indeed of any note was passed by Xerxes, but the river Nestos, which flows there into the sea. Then after passing these places he went by the - cities of the mainland, <a href="#link7note-101" name="link7noteref-101" - id="link7noteref-101">101</a> near one of which there is, as it chances, a + cities of the mainland, <a href="#link7note-101" id="link7noteref-101">101</a> near one of which there is, as it chances, a lake of somewhere about thirty furlongs in circumference, abounding in fish and very brackish; this the baggage-animals alone dried up, being watered at it: and the name of this city is Pistyros. <a - href="#link7note-102" name="link7noteref-102" id="link7noteref-102">102</a> + href="#link7note-102" id="link7noteref-102">102</a> </p> <p> 110. These cities, I say, lying by the sea coast and belonging to @@ -8565,12 +8322,10 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger forest of all kinds and with snow, and also they are very skilful in war. These are they who possess the Oracle of Dionysos; which Oracle is on their most lofty mountains. Of the Satrians those who act as prophets <a - href="#link7note-103" name="link7noteref-103" id="link7noteref-103">103</a> - of the temple are the Bessians; it is a prophetess <a href="#link7note-104" - name="link7noteref-104" id="link7noteref-104">104</a> who utters the + href="#link7note-103" id="link7noteref-103">103</a> + of the temple are the Bessians; it is a prophetess <a href="#link7note-104" id="link7noteref-104">104</a> who utters the oracles, as at Delphi; and beyond this there is nothing further of a - remarkable character. <a href="#link7note-105" name="link7noteref-105" - id="link7noteref-105">105</a> + remarkable character. <a href="#link7note-105" id="link7noteref-105">105</a> </p> <p> 112. Xerxes having passed over the land which has been spoken of, next @@ -8584,7 +8339,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 113. Thus passing by the Paionians, Doberians and Paioplians, who dwell beyond Pangaion towards the North Wind, he went on Westwards, until at - last he came to the river Strymon and the city of Eïon, of which, so long + last he came to the river Strymon and the city of Eïon, of which, so long as he lived, Boges was commander, the same about whom I was speaking a short time back. This country about Mount Pangaion is called Phyllis, and it extends Westwards to the river Angites, which flows into the Strymon, @@ -8593,8 +8348,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 114. Having done this and many other things in addition to this, as charms - for the river, at the Nine Ways <a href="#link7note-106" - name="link7noteref-106" id="link7noteref-106">106</a> in the land of the + for the river, at the Nine Ways <a href="#link7note-106" id="link7noteref-106">106</a> in the land of the Edonians, they proceeded by the bridges, for they had found the Strymon already yoked with bridges; and being informed that this place was called the Nine Ways, they buried alive in it that number of boys and maidens, @@ -8622,8 +8376,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 116. Then when he had come to Acanthos, Xerxes proclaimed a guest-friendship with the people of Acanthos and also presented them with - the Median dress <a href="#link7note-107" name="link7noteref-107" - id="link7noteref-107">107</a> and commended them, perceiving that they + the Median dress <a href="#link7note-107" id="link7noteref-107">107</a> and commended them, perceiving that they were zealous to serve him in the war and hearing of that which had been dug. </p> @@ -8633,7 +8386,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger a man who was highly esteemed by Xerxes and belonged to the Achaimenid family; also he was in stature the tallest of all the Persians, falling short by only four fingers of being five royal cubits <a - href="#link7note-108" name="link7noteref-108" id="link7noteref-108">108</a> + href="#link7note-108" id="link7noteref-108">108</a> in height, and he had a voice the loudest of all men; so that Xerxes was greatly grieved at the loss of him, and carried him forth and buried him with great honour, and the whole army joined in throwing up a mound for @@ -8709,7 +8462,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger the channel made in Athos (which went across to the gulf on which are situated the cities of Assa, Piloros, Singos and Sarte), having taken up a contingent from these cities also, sailed thence with a free course to the - Thermaïc gulf, and turning round Ampelos the headland of Torone, it left + Thermaïc gulf, and turning round Ampelos the headland of Torone, it left on one side the following Hellenic cities, from which it took up contingents of ships and men, namely Torone, Galepsos, Sermyle, Mekyberna, Olynthos: this region is called Sithonia. @@ -8723,11 +8476,11 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Phlegra. Then sailing along the coast of this country also the fleet continued its course towards the place which has been mentioned before, taking up contingents also from the cities which come next after Pallene - and border upon the Thermaïc gulf; and the names of them are these,—Lipaxos, + and border upon the Thermaïc gulf; and the names of them are these,—Lipaxos, Combreia, Lisai, Gigonos, Campsa, Smila, Aineia; and the region in which these cities are is called even to the present day Crossaia. Then sailing from Aineia, with which name I brought to an end the list of the cities, - at once the fleet came into the Thermaïc gulf and to the region of + at once the fleet came into the Thermaïc gulf and to the region of Mygdonia, and so it arrived at the aforesaid Therma and at the cities of Sindos and Chalestra upon the river Axios. This river is the boundary between the land of Mygdonia and Bottiaia, of which district the narrow @@ -8739,10 +8492,9 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger city of Therma and the cities which lie between these two, waiting for the coming of the king, Xerxes and the land-army were proceeding from Acanthos, cutting through the middle by the shortest way <a - href="#link7note-109" name="link7noteref-109" id="link7noteref-109">109</a> + href="#link7note-109" id="link7noteref-109">109</a> with a view to reaching Therma: and he was proceeding through Paionia and - Crestonia to the river Cheidoros, <a href="#link7note-110" - name="link7noteref-110" id="link7noteref-110">110</a> which beginning from + Crestonia to the river Cheidoros, <a href="#link7note-110" id="link7noteref-110">110</a> which beginning from the land of the Crestonians, runs through the region of Mygdonia and comes out alongside of the marsh which is by the river Axios. </p> @@ -8812,7 +8564,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger its name over the rest and causes the others to lose their separate names. And it is said that in ancient time, there not being yet this channel and outflow between the mountains, these rivers, and besides these rivers the - lake Boibeïs also, had no names as they have now, but by their waters they + lake Boibeïs also, had no names as they have now, but by their waters they made Thessaly to be all sea. The Thessalians themselves say that Poseidon made the channel through which the Peneios flows; and reasonably they report it thus, because whosoever believes that it is Poseidon who shakes @@ -8828,9 +8580,8 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger sea, but this alone; for all Thessaly is circled about with mountains as with a crown." To this Xerxes is said to have replied: "The Thessalians then are prudent men. This it appears was that which they desired to guard - against in good time <a href="#link7note-111" name="link7noteref-111" - id="link7noteref-111">111</a> when they changed their counsel, <a - href="#link7note-112" name="link7noteref-112" id="link7noteref-112">112</a> + against in good time <a href="#link7note-111" id="link7noteref-111">111</a> when they changed their counsel, <a + href="#link7note-112" id="link7noteref-112">112</a> reflecting on this especially besides other things, namely that they had a country which, it appears, is easy to conquer and may quickly be taken: for it would have been necessary only to let the river flow over their @@ -8852,27 +8603,24 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 132. And among those who gave that which was demanded were the following, - namely the Thessalians, Dolopians, Enianians, <a href="#link7note-113" - name="link7noteref-113" id="link7noteref-113">113</a> Perraibians, + namely the Thessalians, Dolopians, Enianians, <a href="#link7note-113" id="link7noteref-113">113</a> Perraibians, Locrians, Megnesians, Malians, Achaians of Phthiotis, and Thebans, with the rest of the Boeotians also excepting the Thespians and Plataians. Against these the Hellenes who took up war with the Barbarian made an oath; and the oath was this,—that whosoever being Hellenes had given themselves over to the Persian, not being compelled, these, if their own affairs should come to a good conclusion, they would dedicate as an - offering <a href="#link7note-114" name="link7noteref-114" - id="link7noteref-114">114</a> to the god at Delphi. + offering <a href="#link7note-114" id="link7noteref-114">114</a> to the god at Delphi. </p> <p> 133. Thus ran the oath which was taken by the Hellenes: Xerxes however had not sent to Athens or to Sparta heralds to demand the gift of earth, and for this reason, namely because at the former time when Dareios had sent for this very purpose, the one people threw the men who made the demand - into the pit <a href="#link7note-115" name="link7noteref-115" - id="link7noteref-115">115</a> and the others into a well, and bade them + into the pit <a href="#link7note-115" id="link7noteref-115">115</a> and the others into a well, and bade them take from thence earth and water and bear them to the king. For this reason Xerxes did not send men to make this demand. And what evil thing <a - href="#link7note-116" name="link7noteref-116" id="link7noteref-116">116</a> + href="#link7note-116" id="link7noteref-116">116</a> came upon the Athenians for having done this to the heralds, I am not able to say, except indeed that their land and city were laid waste; but I do not think that this happened for that cause: @@ -8906,7 +8654,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger reputation with him already of being good men, would have rule each one of you over Hellenic land by the gift of the king." To this they made answer thus: "Hydarnes, thy counsel with regard to us is not equally balanced, <a - href="#link7note-117" name="link7noteref-117" id="link7noteref-117">117</a> + href="#link7note-117" id="link7noteref-117">117</a> for thou givest counsel having made trial indeed of the one thing, but being without experience of the other: thou knowest well what it is to be a slave, but thou hast never yet made trial of freedom, whether it is @@ -8970,13 +8718,11 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger the eyes of most men would seem to be invidious, but nevertheless I will not abstain from saying that which I see evidently to be the truth. If the Athenians had been seized with fear of the danger which threatened them - and had left their land, <a href="#link7note-118" name="link7noteref-118" - id="link7noteref-118">118</a> or again, without leaving their land, had + and had left their land, <a href="#link7note-118" id="link7noteref-118">118</a> or again, without leaving their land, had stayed and given themselves up to Xerxes, none would have made any attempt by sea to oppose the king. If then none had opposed Xerxes by sea, it would have happened on the land somewhat thus:—even if many tunics - of walls <a href="#link7note-119" name="link7noteref-119" - id="link7noteref-119">119</a> had been thrown across the Isthmus by the + of walls <a href="#link7note-119" id="link7noteref-119">119</a> had been thrown across the Isthmus by the Peloponnesians, the Lacedemonians would have been deserted by their allies, not voluntarily but of necessity, since these would have been conquered city after city by the naval force of the Barbarian, and so they @@ -9002,30 +8748,24 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 140. For the Athenians had sent men to Delphi to inquire and were preparing to consult the Oracle; and after these had performed the usual rites in the sacred precincts, when they had entered the sanctuary <a - href="#link7note-120" name="link7noteref-120" id="link7noteref-120">120</a> + href="#link7note-120" id="link7noteref-120">120</a> and were sitting down there, the Pythian prophetess, whose name was Aristonike, uttered to them this oracle: </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> - "Why do ye sit, O ye wretched? Flee thou <a href="#link7note-121" - name="link7noteref-121" id="link7noteref-121">121</a> to the uttermost +<pre> + "Why do ye sit, O ye wretched? Flee thou <a href="#link7note-121" id="link7noteref-121">121</a> to the uttermost limits, Leaving thy home and the heights of the wheel-round city behind thee! Lo, there remaineth now nor the head nor the body in safety,—Neither the feet below nor the hands nor the middle are - left thee,—All are destroyed <a href="#link7note-122" - name="link7noteref-122" id="link7noteref-122">122</a> together; for fire and the - passionate War-god, <a href="#link7note-123" name="link7noteref-123" - id="link7noteref-123">123</a> Urging the Syrian <a href="#link7note-124" - name="link7noteref-124" id="link7noteref-124">124</a> car to speed, doth - hurl them <a href="#link7note-125" name="link7noteref-125" - id="link7noteref-125">125</a> to ruin. Not thine alone, he shall cause many more + left thee,—All are destroyed <a href="#link7note-122" id="link7noteref-122">122</a> together; for fire and the + passionate War-god, <a href="#link7note-123" id="link7noteref-123">123</a> Urging the Syrian <a href="#link7note-124" id="link7noteref-124">124</a> car to speed, doth + hurl them <a href="#link7note-125" id="link7noteref-125">125</a> to ruin. Not thine alone, he shall cause many more great strongholds to perish, Yes, many temples of gods to the ravening fire shall deliver,—Temples which stand now surely with sweat of their terror down-streaming, Quaking with dread; and lo! from the topmost roof to the pavement Dark blood trickles, forecasting the dire unavoidable evil. Forth with you, forth from - the shrine, and steep your soul in the sorrow!" <a href="#link7note-126" - name="link7noteref-126" id="link7noteref-126">126</a> + the shrine, and steep your soul in the sorrow!" <a href="#link7note-126" id="link7noteref-126">126</a> </pre> <p> 141. Hearing this the men who had been sent by the Athenians to consult @@ -9034,20 +8774,18 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Androbulos, a man of the Delphians in reputation equal to the first, counselled them to take a suppliant's bough and to approach the second time and consult the Oracle as suppliants. The Athenians did as he advised - and said: "Lord, <a href="#link7note-127" name="link7noteref-127" - id="link7noteref-127">127</a> we pray thee utter to us some better oracle + and said: "Lord, <a href="#link7note-127" id="link7noteref-127">127</a> we pray thee utter to us some better oracle about our native land, having respect to these suppliant boughs which we have come to thee bearing; otherwise surely we will not depart away from the sanctuary, but will remain here where we are now, even until we bring our lives to an end." When they spoke these words, the prophetess gave them a second oracle as follows: </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> +<pre> "Pallas cannot prevail to appease great Zeus in Olympos, Though she with words very many and wiles close-woven entreat him. But I will tell thee this more, and will clench it with steel adamantine: Then - when all else shall be taken, whatever the boundary <a href="#link7note-128" - name="link7noteref-128" id="link7noteref-128">128</a> of Kecrops + when all else shall be taken, whatever the boundary <a href="#link7note-128" id="link7noteref-128">128</a> of Kecrops Holdeth within, and the dark ravines of divinest Kithairon, A bulwark of wood at the last Zeus grants to the Trito-born goddess Sole to remain unwasted, which thee and thy children shall profit. @@ -9055,8 +8793,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger unnumbered; Stay thou not still for the host from the mainland to come, but retire thee, Turning thy back to the foe, for yet thou shalt face him hereafter. Salamis, thou the divine, thou shalt cause - sons of women to perish, Or when the grain <a href="#link7note-129" - name="link7noteref-129" id="link7noteref-129">129</a> is scattered or + sons of women to perish, Or when the grain <a href="#link7note-129" id="link7noteref-129">129</a> is scattered or when it is gathered together." </pre> <p> @@ -9075,7 +8812,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger were shaken in their interpretation by the two last verses which the prophetess uttered: </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> +<pre> "Salamis, thou the divine, thou shalt cause sons of women to perish, Or when the grain is scattered or when it is gathered together." </pre> @@ -9111,8 +8848,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger the sum of ten drachmas. Then Themistocles persuaded the Athenians to give up this plan of division and to make for themselves with this money two hundred ships for the war, meaning by that the war with the Eginetans: for - this war having arisen <a href="#link7note-130" name="link7noteref-130" - id="link7noteref-130">130</a> proved in fact the salvation of Hellas at + this war having arisen <a href="#link7note-130" id="link7noteref-130">130</a> proved in fact the salvation of Hellas at that time, by compelling the Athenians to become a naval power. And the ships, not having been used for the purpose for which they had been made, thus proved of service at need to Hellas. These ships then, I say, the @@ -9124,13 +8860,11 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 145. These oracles had been given before to the Athenians: and when those - Hellenes who had the better mind about Hellas <a href="#link7note-131" - name="link7noteref-131" id="link7noteref-131">131</a> came together to one + Hellenes who had the better mind about Hellas <a href="#link7note-131" id="link7noteref-131">131</a> came together to one place, and considered their affairs and interchanged assurances with one another, then deliberating together they thought it well first of all things to reconcile the enmities and bring to an end the wars which they - had with one another. Now there were wars engaged <a href="#link7note-132" - name="link7noteref-132" id="link7noteref-132">132</a> between others also, + had with one another. Now there were wars engaged <a href="#link7note-132" id="link7noteref-132">132</a> between others also, and especially between the Athenians and the Eginetans. After this, being informed that Xerxes was with his army at Sardis, they determined to send spies to Asia to make observation of the power of the king; and moreover @@ -9169,7 +8903,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger took place which was being set in motion; and thus there would be no need for them to have the labour of marching an army against them. This opinion of his is like his manner of thinking at other times; <a - href="#link7note-133" name="link7noteref-133" id="link7noteref-133">133</a> + href="#link7note-133" id="link7noteref-133">133</a> for when Xerxes was in Abydos, he saw vessels which carried corn from the Pontus sailing out through the Hellespont on their way to Egina and the Peloponnese. Those then who sat by his side, being informed that the ships @@ -9194,15 +8928,13 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger god at Delphi, and to ask how they should act in order that it might be best for themselves: because lately there had been slain of them six thousand men by the Lacedemonians and by Cleomenes the son of - Anaxandrides, <a href="#link7note-134" name="link7noteref-134" - id="link7noteref-134">134</a> and this in fact was the reason that they + Anaxandrides, <a href="#link7note-134" id="link7noteref-134">134</a> and this in fact was the reason that they were sending to inquire: and when they inquired, the Pythian prophetess made answer to them as follows: </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> +<pre> "Thou to thy neighbours a foe, by the gods immortal beloved, - Keep thou thy spear <a href="#link7note-135" name="link7noteref-135" - id="link7noteref-135">135</a> within bounds, and sit well-guarded behind it: + Keep thou thy spear <a href="#link7note-135" id="link7noteref-135">135</a> within bounds, and sit well-guarded behind it: Guard well the head, and the head shall preserve the limbs and the body." </pre> <p> @@ -9227,8 +8959,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger befallen them already, they might be for all future time subject to the Lacedemonians. To that which was spoken by the Council those of the envoys who were of Sparta replied, that as to the truce they would refer the - matter to their public assembly, <a href="#link7note-136" - name="link7noteref-136" id="link7noteref-136">136</a> but as to the + matter to their public assembly, <a href="#link7note-136" id="link7noteref-136">136</a> but as to the leadership they had themselves been commissioned to make reply, and did in fact say this, namely that they had two kings, while the Argives had one; and it was not possible to remove either of the two who were of Sparta @@ -9264,13 +8995,13 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 151. Also some of the Hellenes report that the following event, in agreement with this account, came to pass many years after these things:—there happened, they say, to be in Susa the city of Memnon <a - href="#link7note-137" name="link7noteref-137" id="link7noteref-137">137</a> + href="#link7note-137" id="link7noteref-137">137</a> envoys of the Athenians come about some other matter, namely Callias the son of Hipponicos and the others who went up with him; and the Argives at that very time had also sent envoys to Susa, and these asked Artoxerxes the son of Xerxes, whether the friendship which they had formed with Xerxes still remained unbroken, if they themselves desired to maintain it, - <a href="#link7note-138" name="link7noteref-138" id="link7noteref-138">138</a> + <a href="#link7note-138" id="link7noteref-138">138</a> or whether they were esteemed by him to be enemies; and king Artoxerxes said that it most certainly remained unbroken, and that there was no city which he considered to be more his friend than Argos. @@ -9285,8 +9016,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger evils which they have suffered themselves, desiring to make exchange with their neighbours, each people of them, when they had examined closely the evils suffered by their fellows, would gladly carry away back with them - those which they had brought. <a href="#link7note-139" - name="link7noteref-139" id="link7noteref-139">139</a> Thus it is not the + those which they had brought. <a href="#link7note-139" id="link7noteref-139">139</a> Thus it is not the Argives who have acted most basely of all. I however am bound to report that which is reported, though I am not bound altogether to believe it; and let this saying be considered to hold good as regards every narrative @@ -9300,20 +9030,17 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 153. That which concerns the Argives has now been said: and meanwhile envoys had come to Sicily from the allies, to confer with Gelon, among whom was also Syagros from the Lacedemonians. Now the ancestor of this - Gelon, he who was at Gela as a settler, <a href="#link7note-140" - name="link7noteref-140" id="link7noteref-140">140</a> was a native of the + Gelon, he who was at Gela as a settler, <a href="#link7note-140" id="link7noteref-140">140</a> was a native of the island of Telos, which lies off Triopion; and when Gela was founded by the Lindians of Rhodes and by Antiphemos, he was not left behind. Then in course of time his descendants became and continued to be priests of the - mysteries of the Earth goddesses, <a href="#link7note-141" - name="link7noteref-141" id="link7noteref-141">141</a> an office which was + mysteries of the Earth goddesses, <a href="#link7note-141" id="link7noteref-141">141</a> an office which was acquired by Telines one of their ancestors in the following manner:—certain of the men of Gela, being worsted in a party struggle, had fled to Mactorion, the city which stands above Gela: these men Telines brought back to Gela from exile with no force of men but only with the sacred rites of these goddesses; but from whom he received them, or whether he - obtained them for himself, <a href="#link7note-142" name="link7noteref-142" - id="link7noteref-142">142</a> this I am not able to say; trusting in these + obtained them for himself, <a href="#link7note-142" id="link7noteref-142">142</a> this I am not able to say; trusting in these however, he brought the men back from exile, on the condition that his descendants should be priests of the mysteries of the goddesses. To me it has caused wonder also that Telines should have been able to perform so @@ -9330,7 +9057,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger of Gela, then Hippocrates succeeded to the monarchy, who was brother of Cleander. And while Hippocrates was despot, Gelon, who was a descendant of Telines the priest of the mysteries, was spearman of the guard <a - href="#link7note-143" name="link7noteref-143" id="link7noteref-143">143</a> + href="#link7note-143" id="link7noteref-143">143</a> to Hippocrates with many others and among them Ainesidemos the son of Pataicos. Then after no long time he was appointed by reason of valour to be commander of the whole cavalry; for when Hippocrates besieged @@ -9354,11 +9081,9 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger submit; but actually, when he had been victorious in a battle over the men of Gela, he robbed the sons of Hippocrates of the power and was ruler himself. After this stroke of fortune Gelon restored those of the - Syracusans who were called "land-holders," <a href="#link7note-144" - name="link7noteref-144" id="link7noteref-144">144</a> after they had been + Syracusans who were called "land-holders," <a href="#link7note-144" id="link7noteref-144">144</a> after they had been driven into exile by the common people and by their own slaves, who were - called Kyllyrians, <a href="#link7note-145" name="link7noteref-145" - id="link7noteref-145">145</a> these, I say, he restored from the city of + called Kyllyrians, <a href="#link7note-145" id="link7noteref-145">145</a> these, I say, he restored from the city of Casmene to Syracuse, and so got possession of this last city also, for the common people of Syracuse, when Gelon came against them, delivered up to him their city and themselves. @@ -9373,7 +9098,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger same to more than half of the men of Gela, as he had done to those of Camarina: and as regards the Megarians of Sicily, when they were besieged and had surrendered by capitulation, the well-to-do men <a - href="#link7note-146" name="link7noteref-146" id="link7noteref-146">146</a> + href="#link7note-146" id="link7noteref-146">146</a> of them, though they had stirred up war with him and expected to be put to death for this reason, he brought to Syracuse and made them citizens, but the common people of the Megarians, who had no share in the guilt of this @@ -9395,7 +9120,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger leading against us out of Asia all the armies of the East, under colour of marching upon Athens, but in fact meaning to bring all Hellas to subjection under him. Do thou therefore, seeing that <a - href="#link7note-147" name="link7noteref-147" id="link7noteref-147">147</a> + href="#link7note-147" id="link7noteref-147">147</a> thou hast attained to a great power and hast no small portion of Hellas for thy share, being the ruler of Sicily, come to the assistance of those who are endeavouring to free Hellas, and join in making her free; for if @@ -9417,8 +9142,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger to join with me in fighting against an army of Barbarians, contention having arisen between me and the Carthaginians, and when I charged you to exact vengeance of the men of Egesta for the death of Dorieos the son of - Anaxandrides, <a href="#link7note-148" name="link7noteref-148" - id="link7noteref-148">148</a> while at the same time I offered to help in + Anaxandrides, <a href="#link7note-148" id="link7noteref-148">148</a> while at the same time I offered to help in setting free the trading-places, from which great advantages and gains have been reaped by you,—ye, I say, then neither for my own sake came to my assistance, nor in order to exact vengeance for the death of @@ -9439,7 +9163,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 159. Hearing this Syagros could not contain himself but spoke these words: "Deeply, I trow, would Agamemnon son of Pelops lament, <a - href="#link7note-149" name="link7noteref-149" id="link7noteref-149">149</a> + href="#link7note-149" id="link7noteref-149">149</a> if he heard that the Spartans had had the leadership taken away from them by Gelon and by the Syracusans. Nay, but make thou no further mention of this condition, namely that we should deliver the leadership to thee; but @@ -9456,8 +9180,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger whereas ye so strongly lay claim to the leadership, it were fitting that I should lay claim to it more than ye, seeing that I am the leader of an army many times as large and of ships many more. Since however this - condition is so distasteful to you, <a href="#link7note-150" - name="link7noteref-150" id="link7noteref-150">150</a> we will recede + condition is so distasteful to you, <a href="#link7note-150" id="link7noteref-150">150</a> we will recede somewhat from our former proposal. Suppose that ye should be leaders of the land-army and I of the fleet; or if it pleases you to lead the sea-forces, I am willing to be leader of those on land; and either ye must @@ -9487,8 +9210,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger of all and who are of all the Hellenes the only people who have not changed from one land to another; to whom also belonged a man whom Homer the Epic poet said was the best of all who came to Ilion in drawing up an - army and setting it in array. <a href="#link7note-151" - name="link7noteref-151" id="link7noteref-151">151</a> Thus we are not + army and setting it in array. <a href="#link7note-151" id="link7noteref-151">151</a> Thus we are not justly to be reproached if we say these things." </p> <p> @@ -9501,8 +9223,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger noblest part of the year; and so he meant to say that his army was the noblest part of the army of the Hellenes: for Hellas therefore, deprived of his alliance, it was, he said, as if the spring had been taken out of - the year. <a href="#link7note-152" name="link7noteref-152" - id="link7noteref-152">152</a> + the year. <a href="#link7note-152" id="link7noteref-152">152</a> </p> <p> 163. The envoys of the Hellenes, having thus had conference with Gelon, @@ -9522,13 +9243,11 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 164. Now this Cadmos before these events, having received from his father - in a prosperous state the government <a href="#link7note-153" - name="link7noteref-153" id="link7noteref-153">153</a> of the people of + in a prosperous state the government <a href="#link7note-153" id="link7noteref-153">153</a> of the people of Cos, had voluntarily and with no danger threatening, but moved merely by uprightness of nature, placed the government in the hands of the people of - Cos <a href="#link7note-154" name="link7noteref-154" id="link7noteref-154">154</a> - and had departed to Sicily, where he took from <a href="#link7note-155" - name="link7noteref-155" id="link7noteref-155">155</a> the Samians and + Cos <a href="#link7note-154" id="link7noteref-154">154</a> + and had departed to Sicily, where he took from <a href="#link7note-155" id="link7noteref-155">155</a> the Samians and newly colonised the city of Zancle, which had changed its name to Messene. This same Cadmos, having come thither in such manner as I have said, Gelon was now sending, having selected him on account of the integrity which in @@ -9547,11 +9266,10 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Lacedemonians, Gelon would have come to the assistance of the Hellenes, but that Terillos, the son of Crinippos and despot of Himera, having been driven out of Himera by Theron the son of Ainesidemos <a - href="#link7note-156" name="link7noteref-156" id="link7noteref-156">156</a> + href="#link7note-156" id="link7noteref-156">156</a> the ruler of the Agrigentines, was just at this very time bringing in an army of Phenicians, Libyans, Iberians, Ligurians, Elisycans, Sardinians - and Corsicans, to the number of thirty myriads, <a href="#link7note-157" - name="link7noteref-157" id="link7noteref-157">157</a> with Amilcas the son + and Corsicans, to the number of thirty myriads, <a href="#link7note-157" id="link7noteref-157">157</a> with Amilcas the son of Annon king of the Carthaginians as their commander, whom Terillos had persuaded partly by reason of his own guest-friendship, and especially by the zealous assistance of Anaxilaos the son of Cretines, who was despot of @@ -9583,8 +9301,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger of pouring a libation over the victims, threw himself into the fire, and thus he was burnt up and disappeared. Amilcas then having disappeared, whether it was in such a manner as this, as it is reported by the - Phenicians, or in some other way, <a href="#link7note-159" - name="link7noteref-159" id="link7noteref-159">159</a> the Carthaginians + Phenicians, or in some other way, <a href="#link7note-159" id="link7noteref-159">159</a> the Carthaginians both offer sacrifices to him now, and also they made memorials of him then in all the cities of their colonies, and the greatest in Carthage itself. </p> @@ -9627,9 +9344,8 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger together and sent men to inquire of the god at Delphi whether it would be better for them if they gave assistance to Hellas: and the Pythian prophetess answered: "Ye fools, do ye think those woes too few, <a - href="#link7note-160" name="link7noteref-160" id="link7noteref-160">160</a> - which Minos sent upon you in his wrath, <a href="#link7note-161" - name="link7noteref-161" id="link7noteref-161">161</a> because of the + href="#link7note-160" id="link7noteref-160">160</a> + which Minos sent upon you in his wrath, <a href="#link7note-161" id="link7noteref-161">161</a> because of the assistance that ye gave to Menelaos? seeing that, whereas they did not join with you in taking vengeance for his death in Camicos, ye nevertheless joined with them in taking vengeance for the woman who by a @@ -9665,7 +9381,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 171. This of the men of Rhegion and of the Tarentines has been an episode - <a href="#link7note-162" name="link7noteref-162" id="link7noteref-162">162</a> + <a href="#link7note-162" id="link7noteref-162">162</a> in my narrative: in Crete however, as the men of Praisos report, after it had been thus stripped of inhabitants, settlements were made by various nations, but especially by Hellenes; and in the next generation but one @@ -9693,10 +9409,8 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger if ye shall not send, be assured that we shall make agreement with the Persian; since it is not right that we, standing as outposts so far in advance of the rest of Hellas, should perish alone in your defence: and - not being willing <a href="#link7note-163" name="link7noteref-163" - id="link7noteref-163">163</a> to come to our help, ye cannot apply to us - any force to compel inability; <a href="#link7note-164" - name="link7noteref-164" id="link7noteref-164">164</a> but we shall + not being willing <a href="#link7note-163" id="link7noteref-163">163</a> to come to our help, ye cannot apply to us + any force to compel inability; <a href="#link7note-164" id="link7noteref-164">164</a> but we shall endeavour to devise some means of safety for ourselves." </p> <p> @@ -9710,8 +9424,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger being assembled to the number of about ten thousand hoplites, and to them was added the cavalry of the Thessalians; and the commander of the Lacedemonians was Euainetos the son of Carenos, who had been chosen from - the polemarchs, <a href="#link7note-165" name="link7noteref-165" - id="link7noteref-165">165</a> not being of the royal house, and of the + the polemarchs, <a href="#link7note-165" id="link7noteref-165">165</a> not being of the royal house, and of the Athenians Themistocles the son of Neocles. They remained however but few days here, for envoys came from Alexander the son of Amyntas the Macedonian, who advised them to depart thence and not to remain in the @@ -9739,7 +9452,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger regions they should set the war on foot: and the opinion which prevailed was to guard the pass at Thermopylai; for it was seen to be narrower than that leading into Thessaly, and at the same time it was single, <a - href="#link7note-166" name="link7noteref-166" id="link7noteref-166">166</a> + href="#link7note-166" id="link7noteref-166">166</a> and nearer also to their own land; and as for the path by means of which were taken those of the Hellenes who were taken by the enemy at Thermopylai, they did not even know of its existence until they were @@ -9760,15 +9473,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger by Trechis is, where it is narrowest, but fifty feet wide: it is not here however that the narrowest part of this whole region lies, but in front of Thermopylai and also behind it, consisting of a single wheel-track only <a - href="#link7note-167" name="link7noteref-167" id="link7noteref-167">167</a> + href="#link7note-167" id="link7noteref-167">167</a> both by Alpenoi, which lies behind Thermopylai and again by the river Phoinix near the town of Anthela there is no space but a single wheel-track only: and on the West of Thermopylai there is a mountain which is impassable and precipitous, rising up to a great height and extending towards the range of Oite, while on the East of the road the sea with swampy pools succeeds at once. In this passage there are hot springs, - which the natives of the place call the "Pots," <a href="#link7note-168" - name="link7noteref-168" id="link7noteref-168">168</a> and an altar of + which the natives of the place call the "Pots," <a href="#link7note-168" id="link7noteref-168">168</a> and an altar of Heracles is set up near them. Moreover a wall had once been built at this pass, and in old times there was a gate set in it; which wall was built by the Phokians, who were struck with fear because the Thessalians had come @@ -9822,7 +9534,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 180, and the ship of Troizen, of which Prexinos was in command, was pursued and captured at once by the Barbarians; who upon that took the man who was most distinguished by beauty among the fighting-men on board of - her, <a href="#link7note-169" name="link7noteref-169" id="link7noteref-169">169</a> + her, <a href="#link7note-169" id="link7noteref-169">169</a> and cut his throat at the prow of the ship, making a good omen for themselves of the first of the Hellenes whom they had captured who was pre-eminent for beauty. The name of this man who was sacrificed was Leon, @@ -9831,7 +9543,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 181. The ship of Egina however, of which Asonides was master, even gave - them some trouble to capture it, seeing that Pytheas the son of Ischenoös + them some trouble to capture it, seeing that Pytheas the son of Ischenoös served as a fighting-man on board of her, who proved himself a most valiant man on this day; for when the ship was being taken, he held out fighting until he was hacked all to pieces: and as when he had fallen he @@ -9856,14 +9568,12 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger informed by fire-signals from Skiathos; and being informed of them and being struck with fear, they removed their place of anchorage from Atermision to Chalkis, intending to guard the Euripos, but leaving at the - same time watchers by day <a href="#link7note-170" name="link7noteref-170" - id="link7noteref-170">170</a> on the heights of Euboea. Of the ten ships + same time watchers by day <a href="#link7note-170" id="link7noteref-170">170</a> on the heights of Euboea. Of the ten ships of the Barbarians three sailed up to the reef called Myrmex, <a - href="#link7note-171" name="link7noteref-171" id="link7noteref-171">171</a> + href="#link7note-171" id="link7noteref-171">171</a> which lies between Skiathos and Magnesia; and when the Barbarians had there erected a stone pillar, which for that purpose they brought to the - reef, they set forth with their main body <a href="#link7note-172" - name="link7noteref-172" id="link7noteref-172">172</a> from Therma, the + reef, they set forth with their main body <a href="#link7note-172" id="link7noteref-172">172</a> from Therma, the difficulties of the passage having now been cleared away, and sailed thither with all their ships, having let eleven days go by since the king set forth on his march from Therma. Now of this reef lying exactly in the @@ -9878,70 +9588,56 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger this:—Of the ships which came from Asia, which were one thousand two hundred and seven, the original number of the crews supplied by the several nations I find to have been twenty-four myriads and also in - addition to them one thousand four hundred, <a href="#link7note-173" - name="link7noteref-173" id="link7noteref-173">173</a> if one reckons at + addition to them one thousand four hundred, <a href="#link7note-173" id="link7noteref-173">173</a> if one reckons at the rate of two hundred men to each ship: and on board of each of these - ships there served as fighting-men, <a href="#link7note-174" - name="link7noteref-174" id="link7noteref-174">174</a> besides the + ships there served as fighting-men, <a href="#link7note-174" id="link7noteref-174">174</a> besides the fighting-men belonging to its own nation in each case, thirty men who were Persians, Medes, or Sacans; and this amounts to three myriads six thousand - two hundred and ten <a href="#link7note-175" name="link7noteref-175" - id="link7noteref-175">175</a> in addition to the others. I will add also + two hundred and ten <a href="#link7note-175" id="link7noteref-175">175</a> in addition to the others. I will add also to this and to the former number the crews of the fifty-oared galleys, - assuming that there were eighty men, more or less, <a href="#link7note-176" - name="link7noteref-176" id="link7noteref-176">176</a> in each one. Of + assuming that there were eighty men, more or less, <a href="#link7note-176" id="link7noteref-176">176</a> in each one. Of these vessels there were gathered together, as was before said, three thousand: it would follow therefore that there were in them - four-and-twenty myriads <a href="#link7note-177" name="link7noteref-177" - id="link7noteref-177">177</a> of men. This was the naval force which came + four-and-twenty myriads <a href="#link7note-177" id="link7noteref-177">177</a> of men. This was the naval force which came from Asia, amounting in all to fifty-one myriads and also seven thousand - six hundred and ten in addition. <a href="#link7note-178" - name="link7noteref-178" id="link7noteref-178">178</a> Then of the footmen + six hundred and ten in addition. <a href="#link7note-178" id="link7noteref-178">178</a> Then of the footmen there had been found to be a hundred and seventy myriads, <a - href="#link7note-179" name="link7noteref-179" id="link7noteref-179">179</a> - and of the horsemen eight myriads: <a href="#link7note-180" - name="link7noteref-180" id="link7noteref-180">180</a> and I will add also + href="#link7note-179" id="link7noteref-179">179</a> + and of the horsemen eight myriads: <a href="#link7note-180" id="link7noteref-180">180</a> and I will add also to these the Arabian camel-drivers and the Libyan drivers of chariots, assuming them to amount to twenty thousand men. The result is then that the number of the ships' crews combined with that of the land-army amounts to two hundred and thirty-one myriads and also in addition seven thousand - six hundred and ten. <a href="#link7note-181" name="link7noteref-181" - id="link7noteref-181">181</a> This is the statement of the Army which was + six hundred and ten. <a href="#link7note-181" id="link7noteref-181">181</a> This is the statement of the Army which was brought up out of Asia itself, without counting the attendants which accompanied it or the corn-transports and the men who sailed in these. </p> <p> 185. There is still to be reckoned, in addition to all this which has been summed up, the force which was being led from Europe; and of this we must - give a probable estimate. <a href="#link7note-182" name="link7noteref-182" - id="link7noteref-182">182</a> The Hellenes of Thrace and of the islands + give a probable estimate. <a href="#link7note-182" id="link7noteref-182">182</a> The Hellenes of Thrace and of the islands which lie off the coast of Thrace supplied a hundred and twenty ships; from which ships there results a sum of twenty-four thousand men: and as regards the land-force which was supplied by the Thracians, Paionians, Eordians, Bottiaians, the race which inhabits Chalkidike, the Brygians, - Pierians, Macedonians, Perraibians, Enianians, <a href="#link7note-183" - name="link7noteref-183" id="link7noteref-183">183</a> Dolopians, + Pierians, Macedonians, Perraibians, Enianians, <a href="#link7note-183" id="link7noteref-183">183</a> Dolopians, Magnesians, Achaians, and all those who dwell in the coast-region of Thrace, of these various nations I estimate that there were thirty - myriads. <a href="#link7note-184" name="link7noteref-184" - id="link7noteref-184">184</a> These myriads then added to those from Asia + myriads. <a href="#link7note-184" id="link7noteref-184">184</a> These myriads then added to those from Asia make a total sum of two hundred and sixty-four myriads of fighting men and - in addition to these sixteen hundred and ten. <a href="#link7note-185" - name="link7noteref-185" id="link7noteref-185">185</a> + in addition to these sixteen hundred and ten. <a href="#link7note-185" id="link7noteref-185">185</a> </p> <p> 186. Such being the number of this body of fighting-men, <a - href="#link7note-186" name="link7noteref-186" id="link7noteref-186">186</a> + href="#link7note-186" id="link7noteref-186">186</a> the attendants who went with these and the men who were in the small - vessels <a href="#link7note-187" name="link7noteref-187" - id="link7noteref-187">187</a> which carried corn, and again in the other + vessels <a href="#link7note-187" id="link7noteref-187">187</a> which carried corn, and again in the other vessels which sailed with the army, these I suppose were not less in number but more than the fighting men. I assume them to be equal in number with these, and neither at all more nor less; and so, being supposed equal in number with the fighting body, they make up the same number of myriads as they. Thus five hundred and twenty-eight myriads three thousand two - hundred and twenty <a href="#link7note-188" name="link7noteref-188" - id="link7noteref-188">188</a> was the number of men whom Xerxes son of + hundred and twenty <a href="#link7note-188" id="link7noteref-188">188</a> was the number of men whom Xerxes son of Dareios led as far as Sepias and Thermopylai. </p> <p> @@ -9953,10 +9649,9 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger wonder that the streams of some rivers should have failed them, but I wonder rather how the provisions were sufficient to feed so many myriads; for I find on computation that if each man received a quart <a - href="#link7note-189" name="link7noteref-189" id="link7noteref-189">189</a> + href="#link7note-189" id="link7noteref-189">189</a> of wheat every day and nothing more, there would be expended every day - eleven myriads of <i>medimnoi</i> <a href="#link7note-190" - name="link7noteref-190" id="link7noteref-190">190</a> and three hundred + eleven myriads of <i>medimnoi</i> <a href="#link7note-190" id="link7noteref-190">190</a> and three hundred and forty <i>medimnoi</i> besides: and here I am not reckoning anything for the women, eunuchs, baggage-animals, or dogs. Of all these men, amounting to so many myriads, not one was for beauty and stature more @@ -9968,22 +9663,18 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Casthanaia and the headland of Sepias, the first of the ships which came lay moored by the land and the others rode at anchor behind them; for, as the beach was not large in extent, they lay at anchor with prows - projecting <a href="#link7note-191" name="link7noteref-191" - id="link7noteref-191">191</a> towards the sea in an order which was eight + projecting <a href="#link7note-191" id="link7noteref-191">191</a> towards the sea in an order which was eight ships deep. For that night they lay thus; but at early dawn, after clear sky and windless calm, the sea began to be violently agitated and a great - storm fell upon them with a strong East <a href="#link7note-192" - name="link7noteref-192" id="link7noteref-192">192</a> Wind, that wind + storm fell upon them with a strong East <a href="#link7note-192" id="link7noteref-192">192</a> Wind, that wind which they who dwell about those parts call Hellespontias. Now as many of them as perceived that the wind was rising and who were so moored that it was possible for them to do so, drew up their ships on land before the storm came, and both they and their ships escaped; but as for those of the ships which it caught out at sea, some it cast away at the place called - Ipnoi <a href="#link7note-193" name="link7noteref-193" - id="link7noteref-193">193</a> in Pelion and others on the beach, while + Ipnoi <a href="#link7note-193" id="link7noteref-193">193</a> in Pelion and others on the beach, while some were wrecked on the headland of Sepias itself, others at the city of - Meliboia, and others were thrown up on shore <a href="#link7note-194" - name="link7noteref-194" id="link7noteref-194">194</a> at Casthanaia: and + Meliboia, and others were thrown up on shore <a href="#link7note-194" id="link7noteref-194">194</a> at Casthanaia: and the violence of the storm could not be resisted. </p> <p> @@ -10012,15 +9703,13 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger things; insomuch that to Ameinocles the son of Cretines, a Magnesian who held lands about Sepias, this shipwreck proved very gainful; for he picked up many cups of gold which were thrown up afterwards on the shore, and - many also of silver, and found treasure-chests <a href="#link7note-195" - name="link7noteref-195" id="link7noteref-195">195</a> which had belonged + many also of silver, and found treasure-chests <a href="#link7note-195" id="link7noteref-195">195</a> which had belonged to the Persians, and made acquisition of other things of gold <a - href="#link7note-196" name="link7noteref-196" id="link7noteref-196">196</a> + href="#link7note-196" id="link7noteref-196">196</a> more than can be described. This man however, though he became very wealthy by the things which he found, yet in other respects was not fortunate; for he too suffered misfortune, being troubled by the slaying - of a child. <a href="#link7note-197" name="link7noteref-197" - id="link7noteref-197">197</a> + of a child. <a href="#link7note-197" id="link7noteref-197">197</a> </p> <p> 191. Of the corn-transports and other vessels which perished there was no @@ -10030,13 +9719,13 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger lofty palisade built of the fragments of wreck. For the storm continued during three days; but at last the Magians, making sacrifice of victims and singing incantations to appease the Wind by enchantments, <a - href="#link7note-198" name="link7noteref-198" id="link7noteref-198">198</a> - and in addition to this, offering to Thetis and the Nereïds, caused it to + href="#link7note-198" id="link7noteref-198">198</a> + and in addition to this, offering to Thetis and the Nereïds, caused it to cease on the fourth day, or else for some other reason it abated of its own will. Now they offered sacrifice to Thetis, being informed by the Ionians of the story that she was carried off from the place by Peleus, and that the whole headland of Sepias belonged to her and to the other - Nereïds. + Nereïds. </p> <p> 192. The storm then had ceased on the fourth day; and meanwhile the @@ -10058,8 +9747,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger said that Heracles was left behind by Jason and his comrades, having been sent from the Argo to fetch water, at the time when they were sailing for the fleece to Aia in the land of Colchis: for from that place they - designed, when they had taken in water, to loose <a href="#link7note-199" - name="link7noteref-199" id="link7noteref-199">199</a> their ship into the + designed, when they had taken in water, to loose <a href="#link7note-199" id="link7noteref-199">199</a> their ship into the open sea; and from this the place has come to have the name Aphetai. Here then the fleet of Xerxes took up its moorings. </p> @@ -10071,7 +9759,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger these the commander was Sandokes the son of Thamasios, the governor of Kyme in Aiolia, whom before this time king Dareios had taken and crucified (he being one of the Royal Judges) for this reason, <a - href="#link7note-19901" name="link7noteref-19901" id="link7noteref-19901">19901</a> + href="#link7note-19901" id="link7noteref-19901">19901</a> namely that Sandokes had pronounced judgment unjustly for money. So then after he was hung up, Dareios reckoned and found that more good services had been done by him to the royal house than were equal to his offences; @@ -10085,7 +9773,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 195. Sailing in one of these ships Aridolis was captured, the despot of Alabanda in Caria, and in another the Paphian commander Penthylos son of - Demonoös, who brought twelve ships from Paphos, but had lost eleven of + Demonoös, who brought twelve ships from Paphos, but had lost eleven of them in the storm which had come on by Sepias, and now was captured sailing in towards Artemision with the one which had escaped. These men the Hellenes sent away in bonds to the Isthmus of the Corinthians, after @@ -10097,7 +9785,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger said that Sandokes was in command, had arrived at Aphetai; and Xerxes meanwhile with the land-army, having marched through Thessalia and Achaia, had already entered the land of the Malians two days before, <a - href="#link7note-200" name="link7noteref-200" id="link7noteref-200">200</a> + href="#link7note-200" id="link7noteref-200">200</a> after having held in Thessaly a contest for his own horses, making trial also of the Thessalian cavalry, because he was informed that it was the best of all among the Hellenes; and in this trial the horses of Hellas @@ -10110,23 +9798,20 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 197. When Xerxes had reached Alos of Achaia, the guides who gave him information of the way, wishing to inform him fully of everything, reported to him a legend of the place, the things, namely, which have to - do with the temple of Zeus Laphystios; <a href="#link7note-201" - name="link7noteref-201" id="link7noteref-201">201</a> how Athamas the son + do with the temple of Zeus Laphystios; <a href="#link7note-201" id="link7noteref-201">201</a> how Athamas the son of Aiolos contrived death for Phrixos, having taken counsel with Ino, and after this how by command of an oracle the Achaians propose to his descendants the following tasks to be performed:—whosoever is the eldest of this race, on him they lay an injunction that he is forbidden to - enter the City Hall, <a href="#link7note-202" name="link7noteref-202" - id="link7noteref-202">202</a> and they themselves keep watch; now the City + enter the City Hall, <a href="#link7note-202" id="link7noteref-202">202</a> and they themselves keep watch; now the City Hall is called by the Achaians the "Hall of the People"; <a - href="#link7note-203" name="link7noteref-203" id="link7noteref-203">203</a> + href="#link7note-203" id="link7noteref-203">203</a> and if he enter it, it may not be that he shall come forth until he is about to be sacrificed. They related moreover in addition to this, that many of these who were about to be sacrificed had before now run away and departed to another land, because they were afraid; and if afterwards in course of time they returned to their own land and were caught, they were - placed <a href="#link7note-204" name="link7noteref-204" - id="link7noteref-204">204</a> in the City Hall: and they told how the man + placed <a href="#link7note-204" id="link7noteref-204">204</a> in the City Hall: and they told how the man is sacrificed all thickly covered with wreaths, and with what form of procession he is brought forth to the sacrifice. This is done to the descendants of Kytissoros the son of Phrixos, because, when the Achaians @@ -10148,10 +9833,8 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger surrounding this place enclose the whole land of Malis and are called the rocks of Trachis. The first city upon this gulf as one goes from Achaia is Antikyra, by which the river Spercheios flowing from the land of the - Enianians <a href="#link7note-205" name="link7noteref-205" - id="link7noteref-205">205</a> runs out into the sea. At a distance of - twenty furlongs <a href="#link7note-206" name="link7noteref-206" - id="link7noteref-206">206</a> or thereabouts from this river there is + Enianians <a href="#link7note-205" id="link7noteref-205">205</a> runs out into the sea. At a distance of + twenty furlongs <a href="#link7note-206" id="link7noteref-206">206</a> or thereabouts from this river there is another, of which the name is Dyras; this is said to have appeared that it might bring assistance to Heracles when he was burning: then again at a distance of twenty furlongs from this there is another river called Melas. @@ -10161,7 +9844,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger and here, in the parts where Trachis is situated, is even the widest portion of all this district, as regards the space from the mountains to the sea; for the plain has an extent of twenty-two thousand <i>plethra</i>. - <a href="#link7note-207" name="link7noteref-207" id="link7noteref-207">207</a> + <a href="#link7note-207" id="link7noteref-207">207</a> In the mountain-range which encloses the land of Trachis there is a cleft to the South of Trachis itself; and through this cleft the river Asopos flows, and runs along by the foot of the mountain. @@ -10184,11 +9867,9 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger called by the Hellenes in general Thermopylai, but by the natives of the place and those who dwell in the country round it is called Pylai. Both sides then were encamped hereabout, and the one had command of all that - lies beyond Trachis <a href="#link7note-208" name="link7noteref-208" - id="link7noteref-208">208</a> in the direction of the North Wind, and the + lies beyond Trachis <a href="#link7note-208" id="link7noteref-208">208</a> in the direction of the North Wind, and the others of that which tends towards the South Wind and the mid-day on this - side of the continent. <a href="#link7note-209" name="link7noteref-209" - id="link7noteref-209">209</a> + side of the continent. <a href="#link7note-209" id="link7noteref-209">209</a> </p> <p> 202. These were the Hellenes who awaited the attack of the Persian in this @@ -10231,13 +9912,12 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger and Dorieos, he had been far removed from the thought of becoming king. Since however Cleomenes had died without male child, and Dorieos was then no longer alive, but he also had brought his life to an end in Sicily, <a - href="#link7note-210" name="link7noteref-210" id="link7noteref-210">210</a> + href="#link7note-210" id="link7noteref-210">210</a> thus the kingdom came to Leonidas, both because was of elder birth than Cleombrotos (for Cleombrotos was the youngest of the sons of Anaxandrides) and also because he had in marriage the daughter of Cleomenes. He then at this time went to Thermopylai, having chosen the three hundred who were - appointed by law <a href="#link7note-211" name="link7noteref-211" - id="link7noteref-211">211</a> and men who chanced to have sons; and he + appointed by law <a href="#link7note-211" id="link7noteref-211">211</a> and men who chanced to have sons; and he took with him besides, before he arrived, those Thebans whom I mentioned when I reckoned them in the number of the troops, of whom the commander was Leontiades the son of Eurymachos: and for this reason Leonidas was @@ -10371,14 +10051,11 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Thermopylai, and brought about the destruction of those Hellenes who remained in that place. Afterwards from fear of the Lacedemonians he fled to Thessaly, and when he had fled, a price was proclaimed for his life by - the Deputies, <a href="#link7note-212" name="link7noteref-212" - id="link7noteref-212">212</a> when the Amphictyons met for their assembly - at Pylai. <a href="#link7note-213" name="link7noteref-213" - id="link7noteref-213">213</a> Then some time afterwards having returned to + the Deputies, <a href="#link7note-212" id="link7noteref-212">212</a> when the Amphictyons met for their assembly + at Pylai. <a href="#link7note-213" id="link7noteref-213">213</a> Then some time afterwards having returned to Antikyra he was slain by Athenades a man of Trachis. Now this Athenades killed Epialtes for another cause, which I shall set forth in the - following part of the history, <a href="#link7note-214" - name="link7noteref-214" id="link7noteref-214">214</a> but he was honoured + following part of the history, <a href="#link7note-214" id="link7noteref-214">214</a> but he was honoured for it none the less by the Lacedemonians. </p> <p> @@ -10398,21 +10075,19 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 215. Xerxes accordingly, being pleased by that which Epialtes engaged to accomplish, at once with great joy proceeded to send Hydarnes and the men - of whom Hydarnes was commander; <a href="#link7note-215" - name="link7noteref-215" id="link7noteref-215">215</a> and they set forth + of whom Hydarnes was commander; <a href="#link7note-215" id="link7noteref-215">215</a> and they set forth from the camp about the time when the lamps are lit. This path of which we speak had been discovered by the Malians who dwell in that land, and having discovered it they led the Thessalians by it against the Phokians, at the time when the Phokians had fenced the pass with a wall and thus were sheltered from the attacks upon them: so long ago as this had the - pass been proved by the Malians to be of no value. <a href="#link7note-216" - name="link7noteref-216" id="link7noteref-216">216</a> And this path lies + pass been proved by the Malians to be of no value. <a href="#link7note-216" id="link7noteref-216">216</a> And this path lies as follows:—it begins from the river Asopos, which flows through the cleft, and the name of this mountain and of the path is the same, namely Anopaia; and this Anopaia stretches over the ridge of the mountain and ends by the town of Alpenos, which is the first town of the Locrians towards Malis, and by the stone called Black Buttocks <a - href="#link7note-217" name="link7noteref-217" id="link7noteref-217">217</a> + href="#link7note-217" id="link7noteref-217">217</a> and the seats of the Kercopes, where is the very narrowest part. </p> <p> @@ -10442,8 +10117,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger however, when they were hit by the arrows of the enemy, which flew thickly, fled and got away at once to the topmost peak of the mountain, fully assured that it was against them that the enemy had designed to - come, <a href="#link7note-218" name="link7noteref-218" - id="link7noteref-218">218</a> and here they were ready to meet death. + come, <a href="#link7note-218" id="link7noteref-218">218</a> and here they were ready to meet death. These, I say, were in this mind; but the Persians meanwhile with Epialtes and Hydarnes made no account of the Phokians, but descended the mountain with all speed. @@ -10452,14 +10126,13 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 219. To the Hellenes who were in Thermopylai first the soothsayer Megistias, after looking into the victims which were sacrificed, declared the death which was to come to them at dawn of day; and afterwards - deserters brought the report <a href="#link7note-219" - name="link7noteref-219" id="link7noteref-219">219</a> of the Persians + deserters brought the report <a href="#link7note-219" id="link7noteref-219">219</a> of the Persians having gone round. These signified it to them while it was yet night, and thirdly came the day-watchers, who had run down from the heights when day was already dawning. Then the Hellenes deliberated, and their opinions were divided; for some urged that they should not desert their post, while others opposed this counsel. After this they departed from their assembly, - <a href="#link7note-220" name="link7noteref-220" id="link7noteref-220">220</a> + <a href="#link7note-220" id="link7noteref-220">220</a> and some went away and dispersed each to their several cities, while others of them were ready to remain there together with Leonidas. </p> @@ -10468,8 +10141,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger having a care that they might not perish, but thinking that it was not seemly for himself and for the Spartans who were present to leave the post to which they had come at first to keep guard there. I am inclined rather - to be of this latter opinion, <a href="#link7note-221" - name="link7noteref-221" id="link7noteref-221">221</a> namely that because + to be of this latter opinion, <a href="#link7note-221" id="link7noteref-221">221</a> namely that because Leonidas perceived that the allies were out of heart and did not desire to face the danger with him to the end, he ordered them to depart, but held that for himself to go away was not honourable, whereas if he remained, a @@ -10480,20 +10152,19 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger destroyed by the Barbarians, or their king must lose his life. This reply the prophetess gave them in hexameter verses, and it ran thus: </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> +<pre> "But as for you, ye men who in wide-spaced Sparta inhabit, Either your glorious city is sacked by the children of Perses, Or, if it be not so, then a king of the stock Heracleian Dead shall be mourned for by all in the boundaries of broad Lacedemon. - Him <a href="#link7note-222" name="link7noteref-222" id="link7noteref-222">222</a> nor the might of bulls nor the raging of lions shall hinder; + Him <a href="#link7note-222" id="link7noteref-222">222</a> nor the might of bulls nor the raging of lions shall hinder; For he hath might as of Zeus; and I say he shall not be restrained, Till one of the other of these he have utterly torn and divided." <a - href="#link7note-223" name="link7noteref-223" id="link7noteref-223">223</a> + href="#link7note-223" id="link7noteref-223">223</a> </pre> <p> I am of opinion that Leonidas considering these things and desiring to lay - up for himself glory above all the other Spartans, <a href="#link7note-224" - name="link7noteref-224" id="link7noteref-224">224</a> dismissed the + up for himself glory above all the other Spartans, <a href="#link7note-224" id="link7noteref-224">224</a> dismissed the allies, rather than that those who departed did so in such disorderly fashion, because they were divided in opinion. </p> @@ -10526,8 +10197,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Xerxes were advancing to the attack; and the Hellenes with Leonidas, feeling that they were going forth to death, now advanced out much further than at first into the broader part of the defile; for when the fence of - the wall was being guarded, <a href="#link7note-225" - name="link7noteref-225" id="link7noteref-225">225</a> they on the former + the wall was being guarded, <a href="#link7note-225" id="link7noteref-225">225</a> they on the former days fought retiring before the enemy into the narrow part of the pass; but now they engaged with them outside the narrows, and very many of the Barbarians fell: for behind them the leaders of the divisions with @@ -10536,8 +10206,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger more still were trodden down while yet alive by one another, and there was no reckoning of the number that perished: for knowing the death which was about to come upon them by reason of those who were going round the - mountain, they <a href="#link7note-226" name="link7noteref-226" - id="link7noteref-226">226</a> displayed upon the Barbarians all the + mountain, they <a href="#link7note-226" id="link7noteref-226">226</a> displayed upon the Barbarians all the strength which they had, to its greatest extent, disregarding danger and acting as if possessed by a spirit of recklessness. </p> @@ -10564,8 +10233,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Hellenes learnt that these had come, from that moment the nature of the combat was changed; for they retired backwards to the narrow part of the way, and having passed by the wall they went and placed themselves upon - the hillock, <a href="#link7note-227" name="link7noteref-227" - id="link7noteref-227">227</a> all in a body together except only the + the hillock, <a href="#link7note-227" id="link7noteref-227">227</a> all in a body together except only the Thebans: now this hillock is in the entrance, where now the stone lion is placed for Leonidas. On this spot while defending themselves with daggers, that is those who still had them left, and also with hands and with teeth, @@ -10593,12 +10261,11 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Dithyrambos son of Harmatides. </p> <p> - 228. The men were buried were they fell; and for these, as well as for - those who were slain before being sent away <a href="#link7note-228" - name="link7noteref-228" id="link7noteref-228">228</a> by Leonidas, there + 228. The men were buried where they fell; and for these, as well as for + those who were slain before being sent away <a href="#link7note-228" id="link7noteref-228">228</a> by Leonidas, there is an inscription which runs thus: </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> +<pre> "Here once, facing in fight three hundred myriads of foemen, Thousands four did contend, men of the Peloponnese." </pre> @@ -10606,15 +10273,15 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger This is the inscription for the whole body; and for the Spartans separately there is this: </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> +<pre> "Stranger, report this word, we pray, to the Spartans, that lying Here in this spot we remain, faithfully keeping their laws." <a - href="#link7note-229" name="link7noteref-229" id="link7noteref-229">229</a> + href="#link7note-229" id="link7noteref-229">229</a> </pre> <p> This, I say, for the Lacedemonians; and for the soothsayer as follows: </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> +<pre> "This is the tomb of Megistias renowned, whom the Median foemen, Where Sperchios doth flow, slew when they forded the stream; Soothsayer he, who then knowing clearly the fates that were coming, @@ -10640,14 +10307,13 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger were fighting; and after he had led him thither, the man who had led him ran away and departed, but Eurystos plunged into the thick of the fighting, and so lost his life: but Aristodemos was left behind fainting. - <a href="#link7note-230" name="link7noteref-230" id="link7noteref-230">230</a> - Now if either Aristodemos had been ill <a href="#link7note-231" - name="link7noteref-231" id="link7noteref-231">231</a> alone, and so had + <a href="#link7note-230" id="link7noteref-230">230</a> + Now if either Aristodemos had been ill <a href="#link7note-231" id="link7noteref-231">231</a> alone, and so had returned home to Sparta, or the men had both of them come back together, I do not suppose that the Spartans would have displayed any anger against them; but in this case, as the one of them had lost his life and the other, clinging to an excuse which the first also might have used, <a - href="#link7note-232" name="link7noteref-232" id="link7noteref-232">232</a> + href="#link7note-232" id="link7noteref-232">232</a> had not been willing to die, it necessarily happened that the Spartans had great indignation against Aristodemos. </p> @@ -10661,12 +10327,10 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 231. When Aristodemos, I say, had returned home to Lacedemon, he had - reproach and dishonour; <a href="#link7note-233" name="link7noteref-233" - id="link7noteref-233">233</a> and that which he suffered by way of + reproach and dishonour; <a href="#link7note-233" id="link7noteref-233">233</a> and that which he suffered by way of dishonour was this,—no one of the Spartans would either give him light for a fire or speak with him, and he had reproach in that he was - called Aristodemos the coward. <a href="#link7note-234" - name="link7noteref-234" id="link7noteref-234">234</a> + called Aristodemos the coward. <a href="#link7note-234" id="link7noteref-234">234</a> </p> <p> 232. He however in the battle at Plataia repaired all the guilt that was @@ -10694,8 +10358,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger branded by command of Xerxes with the royal marks, beginning with their leader Leontiades, the same whose son Eurymachos was afterwards slain by the Plataians, when he had been made commander of four hundred Thebans and - had seized the city of the Plataians. <a href="#link7note-235" - name="link7noteref-235" id="link7noteref-235">235</a> + had seized the city of the Plataians. <a href="#link7note-235" id="link7noteref-235">235</a> </p> <p> 234. Thus did the Hellenes at Thermopylai contend in fight; and Xerxes @@ -10711,8 +10374,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Lacedemonians are not equal to these, but they are good men too." To this Xerxes said: "Demaratos, in what manner shall we with least labour get the better of these men? Come set forth to us this; for thou knowest the - courses of their counsels, <a href="#link7note-236" name="link7noteref-236" - id="link7noteref-236">236</a> seeing that thou wert once their king." + courses of their counsels, <a href="#link7note-236" id="link7noteref-236">236</a> seeing that thou wert once their king." </p> <p> 235. He made answer: "O king, if thou dost in very earnest take counsel @@ -10747,7 +10409,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger delight in such a temper as this; they envy a man for his good luck, and they hate that which is stronger than themselves. And if, besides other misfortunes which we have upon us, seeing that four hundred of our ships - <a href="#link7note-237" name="link7noteref-237" id="link7noteref-237">237</a> + <a href="#link7note-237" id="link7noteref-237">237</a> have suffered wreck, thou shalt send away another three hundred from the station of the fleet to sail round Peloponnese, then thy antagonists become a match for thee in fight; whereas while it is all assembled @@ -10756,14 +10418,13 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger land-force and be supported by it, if they proceed onwards together; but if thou shalt divide them, neither wilt thou be of service to them nor they to thee. My determination is rather to set thy affairs in good order - <a href="#link7note-238" name="link7noteref-238" id="link7noteref-238">238</a> + <a href="#link7note-238" id="link7noteref-238">238</a> and not to consider the affairs of the enemy, either where they will set on foot the war or what they will do or how many in number they are; for it is sufficient that they should themselves take thought for themselves, and we for ourselves likewise: and if the Lacedemonians come to stand against the Persians in fight, they will assuredly not heal the wound from - which they are now suffering." <a href="#link7note-239" - name="link7noteref-239" id="link7noteref-239">239</a> + which they are now suffering." <a href="#link7note-239" id="link7noteref-239">239</a> </p> <p> 237. To him Xerxes made answer as follows: "Achaimenes, I think that thou @@ -10773,8 +10434,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger well-disposed to my cause, judging both by what was said by him before this, and also by that which is the truth, namely that though one citizen envies another for his good fortune and shows enmity to him by his - silence, <a href="#link7note-240" name="link7noteref-240" - id="link7noteref-240">240</a> nor would a citizen when a fellow-citizen + silence, <a href="#link7note-240" id="link7noteref-240">240</a> nor would a citizen when a fellow-citizen consulted him suggest that which seemed to him the best, unless he had attained to a great height of virtue, and such men doubtless are few; yet guest-friend to guest-friend in prosperity is well-disposed as nothing @@ -10796,8 +10456,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 239. I will return now to that point of my narrative where it remained - unfinished. <a href="#link7note-241" name="link7noteref-241" - id="link7noteref-241">241</a> The Lacedemonians had been informed before + unfinished. <a href="#link7note-241" id="link7noteref-241">241</a> The Lacedemonians had been informed before all others that the king was preparing an expedition against Hellas; and thus it happened that they sent to the Oracle at Delphi, where that reply was given them which I reported shortly before this. And they got this @@ -10821,318 +10480,317 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger bidding them scrape the wax and they would find writing upon the wood; and doing as she said they found the writing and read it, and after that they sent notice to the other Hellenes. These things are said to have come to - pass in this manner. <a href="#link7note-242" name="link7noteref-242" - id="link7noteref-242">242</a> + pass in this manner. <a href="#link7note-242" id="link7noteref-242">242</a> </p> <p> - <br /><br /> <a name="link72H_NOTE" id="link72H_NOTE"></a> <br /><br /> + <br ><br > <a id="link72H_NOTE"></a> <br ><br > </p> <h2> NOTES TO BOOK VII </h2> <p> - <a name="link7note-1" id="link7note-1"> + <a id="link7note-1"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 1 (<a href="#link7noteref-1">return</a>)<br /> [ {kai ploia}, for transport + 1 (<a href="#link7noteref-1">return</a>)<br > [ {kai ploia}, for transport of horses and also of provisions: however these words are omitted in some of the best MSS.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-2" id="link7note-2"> + <a id="link7note-2"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 2 (<a href="#link7noteref-2">return</a>)<br /> [ {all ei}: this is the + 2 (<a href="#link7noteref-2">return</a>)<br > [ {all ei}: this is the reading of the better class of MSS. The rest have {alla}, which with {pressois} could only express a wish for success, and not an exhortation to action.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-3" id="link7note-3"> + <a id="link7note-3"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 3 (<a href="#link7noteref-3">return</a>)<br /> [ {outos men oi o logos en + 3 (<a href="#link7noteref-3">return</a>)<br > [ {outos men oi o logos en timoros}: the words may mean "this manner of discourse was helpful for his purpose."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-4" id="link7note-4"> + <a id="link7note-4"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 4 (<a href="#link7noteref-4">return</a>)<br /> [ {khresmologon e kai + 4 (<a href="#link7noteref-4">return</a>)<br > [ {khresmologon e kai diatheten khresmon ton Mousaiou}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-5" id="link7note-5"> + <a id="link7note-5"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 5 (<a href="#link7noteref-5">return</a>)<br /> [ {aphanizoiato}, + 5 (<a href="#link7noteref-5">return</a>)<br > [ {aphanizoiato}, representing the present tense {aphanizontai} in the oracle.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-6" id="link7note-6"> + <a id="link7note-6"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 6 (<a href="#link7noteref-6">return</a>)<br /> [ {ton thronon touton}: most + 6 (<a href="#link7noteref-6">return</a>)<br > [ {ton thronon touton}: most MSS. have {ton thronon, touto}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-7" id="link7note-7"> + <a id="link7note-7"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 7 (<a href="#link7noteref-7">return</a>)<br /> [ {epistasthe kou pantes}: + 7 (<a href="#link7noteref-7">return</a>)<br > [ {epistasthe kou pantes}: the MSS. have {ta epistasthe kou pantes}, which is given by most Editors. In that case {oia erxan} would be an exclamation, "What evils they did to us,... things which ye all know well, I think."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-8" id="link7note-8"> + <a id="link7note-8"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 8 (<a href="#link7noteref-8">return</a>)<br /> [ {touton mentoi eineka}: it + 8 (<a href="#link7noteref-8">return</a>)<br > [ {touton mentoi eineka}: it is hardly possible here to give {mentoi} its usual meaning: Stein in his latest edition reads {touton men toinun}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-9" id="link7note-9"> + <a id="link7note-9"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 9 (<a href="#link7noteref-9">return</a>)<br /> [ {suneneike}: Stein reads + 9 (<a href="#link7noteref-9">return</a>)<br > [ {suneneike}: Stein reads {suneneike se}, "supposing that thou art worsted."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-10" id="link7note-10"> + <a id="link7note-10"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 10 (<a href="#link7noteref-10">return</a>)<br /> [ {ep andri ge eni}, as + 10 (<a href="#link7noteref-10">return</a>)<br > [ {ep andri ge eni}, as opposed to a god.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-11" id="link7note-11"> + <a id="link7note-11"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 11 (<a href="#link7noteref-11">return</a>)<br /> [ {akousesthai tina psemi + 11 (<a href="#link7noteref-11">return</a>)<br > [ {akousesthai tina psemi ton k.t.l.}, "each one of those who are left behind."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-12" id="link7note-12"> + <a id="link7note-12"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 12 (<a href="#link7noteref-12">return</a>)<br /> [ {kai Kurou}, a + 12 (<a href="#link7noteref-12">return</a>)<br > [ {kai Kurou}, a conjectural emendation of {tou Kurou}. The text of the MSS. enumerates all these as one continuous line of ascent. It is clear however that the - enumeration is in fact of two separate lines, which combine in Teïspes, + enumeration is in fact of two separate lines, which combine in Teïspes, the line of ascent through the father Dareios being, Dareios, Hystaspes, - Arsames, Ariamnes, Teïspes, and through the mother, Atossa, Cyrus, - Cambyses, Teïspes.] + Arsames, Ariamnes, Teïspes, and through the mother, Atossa, Cyrus, + Cambyses, Teïspes.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-13" id="link7note-13"> + <a id="link7note-13"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 13 (<a href="#link7noteref-13">return</a>)<br /> [ {kai mala}: perhaps, + 13 (<a href="#link7noteref-13">return</a>)<br > [ {kai mala}: perhaps, "even."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-1301" id="link7note-1301"> + <a id="link7note-1301"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 1301 (<a href="#link7noteref-1301">return</a>)<br /> [ Lit. "nor is he + 1301 (<a href="#link7noteref-1301">return</a>)<br > [ Lit. "nor is he present who will excuse thee."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-14" id="link7note-14"> + <a id="link7note-14"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 14 (<a href="#link7noteref-14">return</a>)<br /> [ Lit. "my youth boiled + 14 (<a href="#link7noteref-14">return</a>)<br > [ Lit. "my youth boiled over."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-15" id="link7note-15"> + <a id="link7note-15"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 15 (<a href="#link7noteref-15">return</a>)<br /> [ Lit. "words more + 15 (<a href="#link7noteref-15">return</a>)<br > [ Lit. "words more unseemly than was right."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-16" id="link7note-16"> + <a id="link7note-16"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 16 (<a href="#link7noteref-16">return</a>)<br /> [ {all oude tauta esti o + 16 (<a href="#link7noteref-16">return</a>)<br > [ {all oude tauta esti o pai theia}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-17" id="link7note-17"> + <a id="link7note-17"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 17 (<a href="#link7noteref-17">return</a>)<br /> [ {peplanesthai}.] + 17 (<a href="#link7noteref-17">return</a>)<br > [ {peplanesthai}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-18" id="link7note-18"> + <a id="link7note-18"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 18 (<a href="#link7noteref-18">return</a>)<br /> [ {autai}: a correction of + 18 (<a href="#link7noteref-18">return</a>)<br > [ {autai}: a correction of {autai}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-19" id="link7note-19"> + <a id="link7note-19"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 19 (<a href="#link7noteref-19">return</a>)<br /> [ {se de epiphoitesei}: + 19 (<a href="#link7noteref-19">return</a>)<br > [ {se de epiphoitesei}: the better MSS. have {oude epiphoitesei}, which is adopted by Stein.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-20" id="link7note-20"> + <a id="link7note-20"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 20 (<a href="#link7noteref-20">return</a>)<br /> [ {pempto de etei + 20 (<a href="#link7noteref-20">return</a>)<br > [ {pempto de etei anomeno}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-21" id="link7note-21"> + <a id="link7note-21"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 21 (<a href="#link7noteref-21">return</a>)<br /> [ {ton Ionion}.] + 21 (<a href="#link7noteref-21">return</a>)<br > [ {ton Ionion}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-22" id="link7note-22"> + <a id="link7note-22"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 22 (<a href="#link7noteref-22">return</a>)<br /> [ {kai oud ei eperai pros + 22 (<a href="#link7noteref-22">return</a>)<br > [ {kai oud ei eperai pros tautesi prosgenomenai}: some MSS. read {oud eterai pros tautesi genomenai}, which is adopted (with variations) by some Editors. The meaning would be "not all these, nor others which happened in addition to these, were equal to this one."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-23" id="link7note-23"> + <a id="link7note-23"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 23 (<a href="#link7noteref-23">return</a>)<br /> [ {ama strateuomenoisi}: + 23 (<a href="#link7noteref-23">return</a>)<br > [ {ama strateuomenoisi}: {ama} is omitted in some MSS.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-24" id="link7note-24"> + <a id="link7note-24"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 24 (<a href="#link7noteref-24">return</a>)<br /> [ {stadion}, and so + 24 (<a href="#link7noteref-24">return</a>)<br > [ {stadion}, and so throughout.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-25" id="link7note-25"> + <a id="link7note-25"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 25 (<a href="#link7noteref-25">return</a>)<br /> [ {entos Sanes}: some MSS. + 25 (<a href="#link7noteref-25">return</a>)<br > [ {entos Sanes}: some MSS. read {ektos Sanes}, which is adopted by Stein, who translates "beyond Sane, but on this side of Mount Athos": this however will not suit the case of all the towns mentioned, e.g. Acrothoon, and {ton Athen} just below clearly means the whole peninsula.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-26" id="link7note-26"> + <a id="link7note-26"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 26 (<a href="#link7noteref-26">return</a>)<br /> [ {leukolinou}.] + 26 (<a href="#link7noteref-26">return</a>)<br > [ {leukolinou}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-27" id="link7note-27"> + <a id="link7note-27"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 27 (<a href="#link7noteref-27">return</a>)<br /> [ {ton de on pleiston}: if + 27 (<a href="#link7noteref-27">return</a>)<br > [ {ton de on pleiston}: if this reading is right, {siton} must be understood, and some MSS. read {allon} for {alla} in the sentence above. Stein in his latest edition reads {siton} instead of {pleiston}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-28" id="link7note-28"> + <a id="link7note-28"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 28 (<a href="#link7noteref-28">return</a>)<br /> [ Lit. "the name of which + 28 (<a href="#link7noteref-28">return</a>)<br > [ Lit. "the name of which happens to be Catarractes."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-29" id="link7note-29"> + <a id="link7note-29"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 29 (<a href="#link7noteref-29">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. 4,000,000.] + 29 (<a href="#link7noteref-29">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. 4,000,000.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-30" id="link7note-30"> + <a id="link7note-30"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 30 (<a href="#link7noteref-30">return</a>)<br /> [ The {stater dareikos} + 30 (<a href="#link7noteref-30">return</a>)<br > [ The {stater dareikos} was of nearly pure gold (cp. iv. 166), weighing about 124 grains.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-3001" id="link7note-3001"> + <a id="link7note-3001"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 3001 (<a href="#link7noteref-3001">return</a>)<br /> [ {stele}, i.e. a + 3001 (<a href="#link7noteref-3001">return</a>)<br > [ {stele}, i.e. a square block of stone.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-31" id="link7note-31"> + <a id="link7note-31"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 31 (<a href="#link7noteref-31">return</a>)<br /> [ {athanato andri}, taken + 31 (<a href="#link7noteref-31">return</a>)<br > [ {athanato andri}, taken by some to mean one of the body of "Immortals."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-32" id="link7note-32"> + <a id="link7note-32"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 32 (<a href="#link7noteref-32">return</a>)<br /> [ {akte pakhea}: some + 32 (<a href="#link7noteref-32">return</a>)<br > [ {akte pakhea}: some inferior MSS. read {akte trakhea}, and hence some Editors have {akte trekhea}, "a rugged foreland."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-33" id="link7note-33"> + <a id="link7note-33"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 33 (<a href="#link7noteref-33">return</a>)<br /> [ {dolero}: some Editors + 33 (<a href="#link7noteref-33">return</a>)<br > [ {dolero}: some Editors read {tholero}, "turbid," by conjecture.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-34" id="link7note-34"> + <a id="link7note-34"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 34 (<a href="#link7noteref-34">return</a>)<br /> [ The meaning is much + 34 (<a href="#link7noteref-34">return</a>)<br > [ The meaning is much disputed. I understand Herodotus to state that though the vessels lay of course in the direction of the stream from the Hellespont, that is presenting their prows (or sterns) to the stream, yet this did not mean @@ -11159,28 +10817,28 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger that case it would here mean "heading towards the Pontus."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-35" id="link7note-35"> + <a id="link7note-35"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 35 (<a href="#link7noteref-35">return</a>)<br /> [ {tas men pros tou Pontou + 35 (<a href="#link7noteref-35">return</a>)<br > [ {tas men pros tou Pontou tes eteres}. Most commentators would supply {gephures} with {tes eteres}, but evidently both bridges must have been anchored on both sides.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-36" id="link7note-36"> + <a id="link7note-36"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 36 (<a href="#link7noteref-36">return</a>)<br /> [ {eurou}: Stein adopts + 36 (<a href="#link7noteref-36">return</a>)<br > [ {eurou}: Stein adopts the conjecture {zephurou}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-37" id="link7note-37"> + <a id="link7note-37"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 37 (<a href="#link7noteref-37">return</a>)<br /> [ {ton pentekonteron kai + 37 (<a href="#link7noteref-37">return</a>)<br > [ {ton pentekonteron kai triereon trikhou}: the MSS. give {ton pentekonteron kai trikhou}, "between the fifty-oared galleys in as many as three places," but it is strange that the fifty-oared galleys should be mentioned alone, and there seems no @@ -11188,348 +10846,348 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger (omitting {trikhou} altogether), and this may be right.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-38" id="link7note-38"> + <a id="link7note-38"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 38 (<a href="#link7noteref-38">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. in proportion to + 38 (<a href="#link7noteref-38">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. in proportion to the quantity: there was of course a greater weight altogether of the papyrus rope.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-39" id="link7note-39"> + <a id="link7note-39"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 39 (<a href="#link7noteref-39">return</a>)<br /> [ {autis epezeugnuon}.] + 39 (<a href="#link7noteref-39">return</a>)<br > [ {autis epezeugnuon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-40" id="link7note-40"> + <a id="link7note-40"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 40 (<a href="#link7noteref-40">return</a>)<br /> [ {ekleipsin}: cp. + 40 (<a href="#link7noteref-40">return</a>)<br > [ {ekleipsin}: cp. {eklipon} above.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-41" id="link7note-41"> + <a id="link7note-41"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 41 (<a href="#link7noteref-41">return</a>)<br /> [ Or, according to some + 41 (<a href="#link7noteref-41">return</a>)<br > [ Or, according to some MSS., "Nisaian."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-42" id="link7note-42"> + <a id="link7note-42"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 42 (<a href="#link7noteref-42">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. not downwards.] + 42 (<a href="#link7noteref-42">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. not downwards.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-43" id="link7note-43"> + <a id="link7note-43"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 43 (<a href="#link7noteref-43">return</a>)<br /> [ {tina autou sukhnon + 43 (<a href="#link7noteref-43">return</a>)<br > [ {tina autou sukhnon omilon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-44" id="link7note-44"> + <a id="link7note-44"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 44 (<a href="#link7noteref-44">return</a>)<br /> [ {to Priamou Pergamon}.] + 44 (<a href="#link7noteref-44">return</a>)<br > [ {to Priamou Pergamon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-45" id="link7note-45"> + <a id="link7note-45"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 45 (<a href="#link7noteref-45">return</a>)<br /> [ {en Abudo mese}: some + 45 (<a href="#link7noteref-45">return</a>)<br > [ {en Abudo mese}: some inferior authorities (followed by most Editors) omit {mese}: but the district seems to be spoken of, as just above.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-46" id="link7note-46"> + <a id="link7note-46"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 46 (<a href="#link7noteref-46">return</a>)<br /> [ {proexedre lothou + 46 (<a href="#link7noteref-46">return</a>)<br > [ {proexedre lothou leukou}: some kind of portico or <i>loggia</i> seems to be meant.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-47" id="link7note-47"> + <a id="link7note-47"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 47 (<a href="#link7noteref-47">return</a>)<br /> [ {daimonie andoon}.] + 47 (<a href="#link7noteref-47">return</a>)<br > [ {daimonie andoon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-48" id="link7note-48"> + <a id="link7note-48"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 48 (<a href="#link7noteref-48">return</a>)<br /> [ {ena auton}.] + 48 (<a href="#link7noteref-48">return</a>)<br > [ {ena auton}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-49" id="link7note-49"> + <a id="link7note-49"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 49 (<a href="#link7noteref-49">return</a>)<br /> [ {to proso aiei + 49 (<a href="#link7noteref-49">return</a>)<br > [ {to proso aiei kleptomenos}: "stealing thy advance continually," i.e. "advancing insensibly further." Some take {kleptomenos} as passive, "insensibly lured on further."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-50" id="link7note-50"> + <a id="link7note-50"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 50 (<a href="#link7noteref-50">return</a>)<br /> [ {neoteron ti poiesein}.] + 50 (<a href="#link7noteref-50">return</a>)<br > [ {neoteron ti poiesein}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-51" id="link7note-51"> + <a id="link7note-51"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 51 (<a href="#link7noteref-51">return</a>)<br /> [ Or, according to some + 51 (<a href="#link7noteref-51">return</a>)<br > [ Or, according to some MSS., "the Persian land."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-52" id="link7note-52"> + <a id="link7note-52"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 52 (<a href="#link7noteref-52">return</a>)<br /> [ Lit. "the name of which + 52 (<a href="#link7noteref-52">return</a>)<br > [ Lit. "the name of which happens to be Agora."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-53" id="link7note-53"> + <a id="link7note-53"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 53 (<a href="#link7noteref-53">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. 1,700,000.] + 53 (<a href="#link7noteref-53">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. 1,700,000.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-54" id="link7note-54"> + <a id="link7note-54"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 54 (<a href="#link7noteref-54">return</a>)<br /> [ {sunnaxantes}: a + 54 (<a href="#link7noteref-54">return</a>)<br > [ {sunnaxantes}: a conjectural emendation very generally adopted of {sunaxantes} or {sunapsantes}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-55" id="link7note-55"> + <a id="link7note-55"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 55 (<a href="#link7noteref-55">return</a>)<br /> [ {apageas}, i.e. not + 55 (<a href="#link7noteref-55">return</a>)<br > [ {apageas}, i.e. not stiffly standing up; the opposite to {pepeguias} (ch. 64).] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-56" id="link7note-56"> + <a id="link7note-56"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 56 (<a href="#link7noteref-56">return</a>)<br /> [ {lepidos siderees opsin + 56 (<a href="#link7noteref-56">return</a>)<br > [ {lepidos siderees opsin ikhthueideos}: many Editors suppose that some words have dropped out. The {kithon} spoken of may have been a coat of armour, but elsewhere the body armour {thorex} is clearly distinguished from the {kithon}, see ix. 22.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-57" id="link7note-57"> + <a id="link7note-57"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 57 (<a href="#link7noteref-57">return</a>)<br /> [ {gerra}: cp. ix. 61 and + 57 (<a href="#link7noteref-57">return</a>)<br > [ {gerra}: cp. ix. 61 and 102.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-58" id="link7note-58"> + <a id="link7note-58"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 58 (<a href="#link7noteref-58">return</a>)<br /> [ Cp. i. 7.] + 58 (<a href="#link7noteref-58">return</a>)<br > [ Cp. i. 7.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-59" id="link7note-59"> + <a id="link7note-59"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 59 (<a href="#link7noteref-59">return</a>)<br /> [ {mitrephoroi esan}: the + 59 (<a href="#link7noteref-59">return</a>)<br > [ {mitrephoroi esan}: the {mitre} was perhaps a kind of turban.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-60" id="link7note-60"> + <a id="link7note-60"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 60 (<a href="#link7noteref-60">return</a>)<br /> [ {tesi Aiguptiesi}, + 60 (<a href="#link7noteref-60">return</a>)<br > [ {tesi Aiguptiesi}, apparently {makhairesi} is meant to be supplied: cp. ch. 91.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-61" id="link7note-61"> + <a id="link7note-61"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 61 (<a href="#link7noteref-61">return</a>)<br /> [ {eklethesan}, "were + 61 (<a href="#link7noteref-61">return</a>)<br > [ {eklethesan}, "were called" from the first.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-62" id="link7note-62"> + <a id="link7note-62"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 62 (<a href="#link7noteref-62">return</a>)<br /> [ These words are by some + 62 (<a href="#link7noteref-62">return</a>)<br > [ These words are by some Editors thought to be an interpolation. The Chaldeans in fact had become a caste of priests, cp. i. 181.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-63" id="link7note-63"> + <a id="link7note-63"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 63 (<a href="#link7noteref-63">return</a>)<br /> [ {kurbasias}: supposed to + 63 (<a href="#link7noteref-63">return</a>)<br > [ {kurbasias}: supposed to be the same as the <i>tiara</i> (cp. v. 49), but in this case stiff and upright.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-64" id="link7note-64"> + <a id="link7note-64"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 64 (<a href="#link7noteref-64">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. Areians, cp. iii. + 64 (<a href="#link7noteref-64">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. Areians, cp. iii. 93.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-65" id="link7note-65"> + <a id="link7note-65"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 65 (<a href="#link7noteref-65">return</a>)<br /> [ {sisurnas}: cp. iv. + 65 (<a href="#link7noteref-65">return</a>)<br > [ {sisurnas}: cp. iv. 109.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-66" id="link7note-66"> + <a id="link7note-66"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 66 (<a href="#link7noteref-66">return</a>)<br /> [ {akinakas}.] + 66 (<a href="#link7noteref-66">return</a>)<br > [ {akinakas}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-67" id="link7note-67"> + <a id="link7note-67"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 67 (<a href="#link7noteref-67">return</a>)<br /> [ {sisurnophoroi}.] + 67 (<a href="#link7noteref-67">return</a>)<br > [ {sisurnophoroi}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-68" id="link7note-68"> + <a id="link7note-68"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 68 (<a href="#link7noteref-68">return</a>)<br /> [ {zeiras}.] + 68 (<a href="#link7noteref-68">return</a>)<br > [ {zeiras}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-69" id="link7note-69"> + <a id="link7note-69"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 69 (<a href="#link7noteref-69">return</a>)<br /> [ {toxa palintona}.] + 69 (<a href="#link7noteref-69">return</a>)<br > [ {toxa palintona}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-70" id="link7note-70"> + <a id="link7note-70"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 70 (<a href="#link7noteref-70">return</a>)<br /> [ {spathes}, which perhaps + 70 (<a href="#link7noteref-70">return</a>)<br > [ {spathes}, which perhaps means the stem of the leaf.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-71" id="link7note-71"> + <a id="link7note-71"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 71 (<a href="#link7noteref-71">return</a>)<br /> [ {gupso}, "white chalk."] + 71 (<a href="#link7noteref-71">return</a>)<br > [ {gupso}, "white chalk."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-72" id="link7note-72"> + <a id="link7note-72"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 72 (<a href="#link7noteref-72">return</a>)<br /> [ {milto}, "red ochre."] + 72 (<a href="#link7noteref-72">return</a>)<br > [ {milto}, "red ochre."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-73" id="link7note-73"> + <a id="link7note-73"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 73 (<a href="#link7noteref-73">return</a>)<br /> [ Some words have + 73 (<a href="#link7noteref-73">return</a>)<br > [ Some words have apparently been lost containing the name of the nation to which the following description applies. It is suggested that this might be either the Chalybians or the Pisidians.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-74" id="link7note-74"> + <a id="link7note-74"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 74 (<a href="#link7noteref-74">return</a>)<br /> [ {lukioergeas}, an - emendation from Athenæus of {lukoergeas} (or {lukergeas}), which might + 74 (<a href="#link7noteref-74">return</a>)<br > [ {lukioergeas}, an + emendation from Athenæus of {lukoergeas} (or {lukergeas}), which might perhaps mean "for wolf-hunting."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-75" id="link7note-75"> + <a id="link7note-75"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 75 (<a href="#link7noteref-75">return</a>)<br /> [ {anastpastous}: cp. iii. + 75 (<a href="#link7noteref-75">return</a>)<br > [ {anastpastous}: cp. iii. 93.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-76" id="link7note-76"> + <a id="link7note-76"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 76 (<a href="#link7noteref-76">return</a>)<br /> [ Some Editors place this + 76 (<a href="#link7noteref-76">return</a>)<br > [ Some Editors place this clause before the words: "and Smerdomenes the son of Otanes," for we do not hear of Otanes or Smerdomenes elsewhere as brother and nephew of Dareios. On the other hand Mardonios was son of the <i>sister</i> of Dareios.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-77" id="link7note-77"> + <a id="link7note-77"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 77 (<a href="#link7noteref-77">return</a>)<br /> [ {tukhe}, "hits."] + 77 (<a href="#link7noteref-77">return</a>)<br > [ {tukhe}, "hits."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-78" id="link7note-78"> + <a id="link7note-78"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 78 (<a href="#link7noteref-78">return</a>)<br /> [ {keletas}, "single + 78 (<a href="#link7noteref-78">return</a>)<br > [ {keletas}, "single horses."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-79" id="link7note-79"> + <a id="link7note-79"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 79 (<a href="#link7noteref-79">return</a>)<br /> [ This name is apparently + 79 (<a href="#link7noteref-79">return</a>)<br > [ This name is apparently placed here wrongly. It has been proposed to read {Kaspeiroi} or {Paktues}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-80" id="link7note-80"> + <a id="link7note-80"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 80 (<a href="#link7noteref-80">return</a>)<br /> [ {ippeue}: the greater + 80 (<a href="#link7noteref-80">return</a>)<br > [ {ippeue}: the greater number of MSS. have {ippeuei} here as at the beginning of ch. 84, to which this is a reference back, but with a difference of meaning. There the author seemed to begin with the intention of giving a full list of the @@ -11538,118 +11196,118 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger combination with {mouna} refers only to those just enumerated.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-81" id="link7note-81"> + <a id="link7note-81"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 81 (<a href="#link7noteref-81">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. 80,000.] + 81 (<a href="#link7noteref-81">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. 80,000.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-82" id="link7note-82"> + <a id="link7note-82"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 82 (<a href="#link7noteref-82">return</a>)<br /> [ {Suroisi}, see note on + 82 (<a href="#link7noteref-82">return</a>)<br > [ {Suroisi}, see note on ii. 104.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-83" id="link7note-83"> + <a id="link7note-83"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 83 (<a href="#link7noteref-83">return</a>)<br /> [ {tukous}, which appears + 83 (<a href="#link7noteref-83">return</a>)<br > [ {tukous}, which appears to mean ordinarily a tool for stone-cutting.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-84" id="link7note-84"> + <a id="link7note-84"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 84 (<a href="#link7noteref-84">return</a>)<br /> [ {mitresi}, perhaps + 84 (<a href="#link7noteref-84">return</a>)<br > [ {mitresi}, perhaps "turbans."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-85" id="link7note-85"> + <a id="link7note-85"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 85 (<a href="#link7noteref-85">return</a>)<br /> [ {kithonas}: there is + 85 (<a href="#link7noteref-85">return</a>)<br > [ {kithonas}: there is some probability in the suggestion of {kitarias} here, for we should expect mention of a head-covering, and the word {kitaris} (which is explained to mean the same as {tiara}), is quoted by Pollux as occurring in Herodotus.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-86" id="link7note-86"> + <a id="link7note-86"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 86 (<a href="#link7noteref-86">return</a>)<br /> [ {kithonas}.] + 86 (<a href="#link7noteref-86">return</a>)<br > [ {kithonas}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-87" id="link7note-87"> + <a id="link7note-87"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 87 (<a href="#link7noteref-87">return</a>)<br /> [ {drepana}, + 87 (<a href="#link7noteref-87">return</a>)<br > [ {drepana}, "reaping-hooks," cp. v. 112.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-88" id="link7note-88"> + <a id="link7note-88"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 88 (<a href="#link7noteref-88">return</a>)<br /> [ See i. 171.] + 88 (<a href="#link7noteref-88">return</a>)<br > [ See i. 171.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-89" id="link7note-89"> + <a id="link7note-89"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 89 (<a href="#link7noteref-89">return</a>)<br /> [ {Pelasgoi Aigialees}.] + 89 (<a href="#link7noteref-89">return</a>)<br > [ {Pelasgoi Aigialees}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-90" id="link7note-90"> + <a id="link7note-90"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 90 (<a href="#link7noteref-90">return</a>)<br /> [ {kerkouroi}.] + 90 (<a href="#link7noteref-90">return</a>)<br > [ {kerkouroi}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-91" id="link7note-91"> + <a id="link7note-91"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 91 (<a href="#link7noteref-91">return</a>)<br /> [ {makra}: some MSS. and + 91 (<a href="#link7noteref-91">return</a>)<br > [ {makra}: some MSS. and editions have {smikra}, "small."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-92" id="link7note-92"> + <a id="link7note-92"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 92 (<a href="#link7noteref-92">return</a>)<br /> [ Or "Mapen."] + 92 (<a href="#link7noteref-92">return</a>)<br > [ Or "Mapen."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-93" id="link7note-93"> + <a id="link7note-93"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 93 (<a href="#link7noteref-93">return</a>)<br /> [ Or "Seldomos."] + 93 (<a href="#link7noteref-93">return</a>)<br > [ Or "Seldomos."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-94" id="link7note-94"> + <a id="link7note-94"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 94 (<a href="#link7noteref-94">return</a>)<br /> [ {metopedon}.] + 94 (<a href="#link7noteref-94">return</a>)<br > [ {metopedon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-95" id="link7note-95"> + <a id="link7note-95"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 95 (<a href="#link7noteref-95">return</a>)<br /> [ {me oentes arthmioi}. + 95 (<a href="#link7noteref-95">return</a>)<br > [ {me oentes arthmioi}. This is generally taken to mean, "unless they were of one mind together"; but that would very much weaken the force of the remark, and {arthmios} elsewhere is the opposite of {polemios}, cp. vi. 83 and ix. 9, 37: Xerxes @@ -11657,11 +11315,11 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger submission.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-96" id="link7note-96"> + <a id="link7note-96"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 96 (<a href="#link7noteref-96">return</a>)<br /> [ {men mounoisi}: these + 96 (<a href="#link7noteref-96">return</a>)<br > [ {men mounoisi}: these words are omitted in some good MSS., and {mounoisi} has perhaps been introduced from the preceding sentence. The thing referred to in {touto} is the power of fighting in single combat with many at once, which @@ -11669,263 +11327,263 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Spartans.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-97" id="link7note-97"> + <a id="link7note-97"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 97 (<a href="#link7noteref-97">return</a>)<br /> [ {stergein malista}.] + 97 (<a href="#link7noteref-97">return</a>)<br > [ {stergein malista}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-98" id="link7note-98"> + <a id="link7note-98"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 98 (<a href="#link7noteref-98">return</a>)<br /> [ {oudamoi ko}.] + 98 (<a href="#link7noteref-98">return</a>)<br > [ {oudamoi ko}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-99" id="link7note-99"> + <a id="link7note-99"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 99 (<a href="#link7noteref-99">return</a>)<br /> [ Or, "Strauos."] + 99 (<a href="#link7noteref-99">return</a>)<br > [ Or, "Strauos."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-100" id="link7note-100"> + <a id="link7note-100"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 100 (<a href="#link7noteref-100">return</a>)<br /> [ Or, "Compsatos."] + 100 (<a href="#link7noteref-100">return</a>)<br > [ Or, "Compsatos."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-101" id="link7note-101"> + <a id="link7note-101"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 101 (<a href="#link7noteref-101">return</a>)<br /> [ {tas epeirotidas + 101 (<a href="#link7noteref-101">return</a>)<br > [ {tas epeirotidas polis}: it is not clear why these are thus distinguished. Stein suggests {Thasion tas epeirotidas polis}, cp. ch. [Footnote 118; and if that be the true reading {ion} is probably a remnant of {Thasion} after {khoras}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-102" id="link7note-102"> + <a id="link7note-102"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 102 (<a href="#link7noteref-102">return</a>)<br /> [ Or, "Pistiros."] + 102 (<a href="#link7noteref-102">return</a>)<br > [ Or, "Pistiros."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-103" id="link7note-103"> + <a id="link7note-103"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 103 (<a href="#link7noteref-103">return</a>)<br /> [ {oi propheteountes}, + 103 (<a href="#link7noteref-103">return</a>)<br > [ {oi propheteountes}, i.e. those who interpret the utterances of the Oracle, cp. viii. 36.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-104" id="link7note-104"> + <a id="link7note-104"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 104 (<a href="#link7noteref-104">return</a>)<br /> [ {promantis}.] + 104 (<a href="#link7noteref-104">return</a>)<br > [ {promantis}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-105" id="link7note-105"> + <a id="link7note-105"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 105 (<a href="#link7noteref-105">return</a>)<br /> [ {kai ouden + 105 (<a href="#link7noteref-105">return</a>)<br > [ {kai ouden poikiloteron}, an expression of which the meaning is not quite clear; perhaps "and the oracles are not at all more obscure," cp. Eur. Phoen. 470 - and Hel. 711 (quoted by Bähr).] + and Hel. 711 (quoted by Bähr).] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-106" id="link7note-106"> + <a id="link7note-106"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 106 (<a href="#link7noteref-106">return</a>)<br /> [ "Ennea Hodoi."] + 106 (<a href="#link7noteref-106">return</a>)<br > [ "Ennea Hodoi."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-107" id="link7note-107"> + <a id="link7note-107"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 107 (<a href="#link7noteref-107">return</a>)<br /> [ Cp. iii. 84.] + 107 (<a href="#link7noteref-107">return</a>)<br > [ Cp. iii. 84.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-108" id="link7note-108"> + <a id="link7note-108"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 108 (<a href="#link7noteref-108">return</a>)<br /> [ The "royal cubit" is - about 20 inches; the {daktulos}, "finger's breadth," is rather less than ¾ + 108 (<a href="#link7noteref-108">return</a>)<br > [ The "royal cubit" is + about 20 inches; the {daktulos}, "finger's breadth," is rather less than ¾ inch.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-109" id="link7note-109"> + <a id="link7note-109"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 109 (<a href="#link7noteref-109">return</a>)<br /> [ Or, "Cape + 109 (<a href="#link7noteref-109">return</a>)<br > [ Or, "Cape Canastraion."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-110" id="link7note-110"> + <a id="link7note-110"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 110 (<a href="#link7noteref-110">return</a>)<br /> [ Or "Echeidoros": so it + 110 (<a href="#link7noteref-110">return</a>)<br > [ Or "Echeidoros": so it is usually called, but not by any MS. here, and by a few only in ch. 127.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-111" id="link7note-111"> + <a id="link7note-111"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 111 (<a href="#link7noteref-111">return</a>)<br /> [ {pro mesogaian tamnon + 111 (<a href="#link7noteref-111">return</a>)<br > [ {pro mesogaian tamnon tes odou}: cp. iv. 12 and ix. 89.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-112" id="link7note-112"> + <a id="link7note-112"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 112 (<a href="#link7noteref-112">return</a>)<br /> [ Cp. ch. 6 and 174: but + 112 (<a href="#link7noteref-112">return</a>)<br > [ Cp. ch. 6 and 174: but it does not appear that the Aleuadai, of whom Xerxes is here speaking, ever thought of resistance, and perhaps {gnosimakheontes} means, "when they submitted without resistance."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-113" id="link7note-113"> + <a id="link7note-113"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 113 (<a href="#link7noteref-113">return</a>)<br /> [ Some MSS. have + 113 (<a href="#link7noteref-113">return</a>)<br > [ Some MSS. have {Ainienes} for {Enienes}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-114" id="link7note-114"> + <a id="link7note-114"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 114 (<a href="#link7noteref-114">return</a>)<br /> [ {dekateusai}: there is + 114 (<a href="#link7noteref-114">return</a>)<br > [ {dekateusai}: there is sufficient authority for this rendering of {dekateuein}, and it seems better here than to understand the word to refer only to a "tithing" of goods.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-115" id="link7note-115"> + <a id="link7note-115"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 115 (<a href="#link7noteref-115">return</a>)<br /> [ {es to barathron}, the + 115 (<a href="#link7noteref-115">return</a>)<br > [ {es to barathron}, the place of execution at Athens.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-116" id="link7note-116"> + <a id="link7note-116"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 116 (<a href="#link7noteref-116">return</a>)<br /> [ "undesirable thing."] + 116 (<a href="#link7noteref-116">return</a>)<br > [ "undesirable thing."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-117" id="link7note-117"> + <a id="link7note-117"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 117 (<a href="#link7noteref-117">return</a>)<br /> [ {ouk ex isou}: i.e. it + 117 (<a href="#link7noteref-117">return</a>)<br > [ {ouk ex isou}: i.e. it is one-sided, because the speaker has had experience of only one of the alternatives.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-118" id="link7note-118"> + <a id="link7note-118"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 118 (<a href="#link7noteref-118">return</a>)<br /> [ Cp. ch. 143 (end), and + 118 (<a href="#link7noteref-118">return</a>)<br > [ Cp. ch. 143 (end), and viii. 62.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-119" id="link7note-119"> + <a id="link7note-119"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 119 (<a href="#link7noteref-119">return</a>)<br /> [ {teikheon kithones}, a + 119 (<a href="#link7noteref-119">return</a>)<br > [ {teikheon kithones}, a poetical expression, quoted perhaps from some oracle; and if so, {kithon} may here have the Epic sense of a "coat of mail," equivalent to {thorex} in i. 181: see ch. 61, note 56.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-120" id="link7note-120"> + <a id="link7note-120"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 120 (<a href="#link7noteref-120">return</a>)<br /> [ {to megaron}.] + 120 (<a href="#link7noteref-120">return</a>)<br > [ {to megaron}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-121" id="link7note-121"> + <a id="link7note-121"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 121 (<a href="#link7noteref-121">return</a>)<br /> [ The form of address + 121 (<a href="#link7noteref-121">return</a>)<br > [ The form of address changes abruptly to the singular number, referring to the Athenian people.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-122" id="link7note-122"> + <a id="link7note-122"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 122 (<a href="#link7noteref-122">return</a>)<br /> [ {azela}, probably for + 122 (<a href="#link7noteref-122">return</a>)<br > [ {azela}, probably for {aionla}, which has been proposed as a correction: or possibly "wretched."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-123" id="link7note-123"> + <a id="link7note-123"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 123 (<a href="#link7noteref-123">return</a>)<br /> [ {oxus Ares}.] + 123 (<a href="#link7noteref-123">return</a>)<br > [ {oxus Ares}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-124" id="link7note-124"> + <a id="link7note-124"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 124 (<a href="#link7noteref-124">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. Assyrian, cp. ch. + 124 (<a href="#link7noteref-124">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. Assyrian, cp. ch. 63.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-125" id="link7note-125"> + <a id="link7note-125"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 125 (<a href="#link7noteref-125">return</a>)<br /> [ {min}, i.e. the city, + 125 (<a href="#link7noteref-125">return</a>)<br > [ {min}, i.e. the city, to which belong the head, feet, and body which have been mentioned.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-126" id="link7note-126"> + <a id="link7note-126"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 126 (<a href="#link7noteref-126">return</a>)<br /> [ {kakois d' epikidnate + 126 (<a href="#link7noteref-126">return</a>)<br > [ {kakois d' epikidnate thumon}: this might perhaps mean (as it is taken by several Editors), "show a courageous soul in your troubles," but that would hardly suit with the discouraging tone of the context.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-127" id="link7note-127"> + <a id="link7note-127"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 127 (<a href="#link7noteref-127">return</a>)<br /> [ {onax}, cp. iv. 15.] + 127 (<a href="#link7noteref-127">return</a>)<br > [ {onax}, cp. iv. 15.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-128" id="link7note-128"> + <a id="link7note-128"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 128 (<a href="#link7noteref-128">return</a>)<br /> [ {ouros}: the word + 128 (<a href="#link7noteref-128">return</a>)<br > [ {ouros}: the word might of course be for {oros}, "mountain," and {Kekropos ouros} would then mean the Acropolis (so it is understood by Stein and others), but the combination with Kithairon makes it probable that the reference is to the @@ -11933,56 +11591,56 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger to it in viii. 53.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-129" id="link7note-129"> + <a id="link7note-129"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 129 (<a href="#link7noteref-129">return</a>)<br /> [ {Demeteros}.] + 129 (<a href="#link7noteref-129">return</a>)<br > [ {Demeteros}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-130" id="link7note-130"> + <a id="link7note-130"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 130 (<a href="#link7noteref-130">return</a>)<br /> [ {sustas}, "having been + 130 (<a href="#link7noteref-130">return</a>)<br > [ {sustas}, "having been joined" cp. viii. 142.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-131" id="link7note-131"> + <a id="link7note-131"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 131 (<a href="#link7noteref-131">return</a>)<br /> [ {ton peri ten Ellada + 131 (<a href="#link7noteref-131">return</a>)<br > [ {ton peri ten Ellada Ellenon ta ameino phroneonton}: the MSS. have {ton} also after {Ellenon}, which would mean "those of the Hellenes in Hellas itself, who were of the better mind;" but the expression {ton ta ameino phroneouseon peri ten Ellada} occurs in ch. 172: Some Editors omit {Ellenon} as well as {ton}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-132" id="link7note-132"> + <a id="link7note-132"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 132 (<a href="#link7noteref-132">return</a>)<br /> [ {egkekremenoi} (from + 132 (<a href="#link7noteref-132">return</a>)<br > [ {egkekremenoi} (from {egkerannumi}, cp. v. 124), a conjectural emendation (by Reiske) of {egkekhremenoi}. Others have conjectured {egkekheiremenoi} or {egegermenoi}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-133" id="link7note-133"> + <a id="link7note-133"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 133 (<a href="#link7noteref-133">return</a>)<br /> [ {te ge alle}: many + 133 (<a href="#link7noteref-133">return</a>)<br > [ {te ge alle}: many Editors adopt the conjecture {tede alle} "is like the following, which he expressed on another occasion."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-134" id="link7note-134"> + <a id="link7note-134"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 134 (<a href="#link7noteref-134">return</a>)<br /> [ See vi. 77: This + 134 (<a href="#link7noteref-134">return</a>)<br > [ See vi. 77: This calamity had occurred about fourteen years before, and it was not in order to recover from this that the Argives wished now for a thirty years' truce; but warned by this they desired (they said) to guard against the @@ -11992,42 +11650,42 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger oracle," they were willing to disobey it on certain conditions.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-135" id="link7note-135"> + <a id="link7note-135"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 135 (<a href="#link7noteref-135">return</a>)<br /> [ {probalaion}, cp. + 135 (<a href="#link7noteref-135">return</a>)<br > [ {probalaion}, cp. {probolous}, ch. 76.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-136" id="link7note-136"> + <a id="link7note-136"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 136 (<a href="#link7noteref-136">return</a>)<br /> [ {es tous pleunas}.] + 136 (<a href="#link7noteref-136">return</a>)<br > [ {es tous pleunas}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-137" id="link7note-137"> + <a id="link7note-137"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 137 (<a href="#link7noteref-137">return</a>)<br /> [ Cp. v. 53.] + 137 (<a href="#link7noteref-137">return</a>)<br > [ Cp. v. 53.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-138" id="link7note-138"> + <a id="link7note-138"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 138 (<a href="#link7noteref-138">return</a>)<br /> [ {ethelousi}: this is + 138 (<a href="#link7noteref-138">return</a>)<br > [ {ethelousi}: this is omitted in most of the MSS., but contained in several of the best. Many Editors have omitted it.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-139" id="link7note-139"> + <a id="link7note-139"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 139 (<a href="#link7noteref-139">return</a>)<br /> [ {ta oikeia kaka} seems + 139 (<a href="#link7noteref-139">return</a>)<br > [ {ta oikeia kaka} seems to mean the grievances which each has against his neighbours, "if all the nations of men should bring together into one place their own grievances against their neighbours, desiring to make a settlement with them, each @@ -12037,128 +11695,128 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger suffered themselves.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-140" id="link7note-140"> + <a id="link7note-140"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 140 (<a href="#link7noteref-140">return</a>)<br /> [ {oiketor o en Gele}: + 140 (<a href="#link7noteref-140">return</a>)<br > [ {oiketor o en Gele}: some Editors read by conjecture {oiketor eon Geles}, others {oiketor en Gele}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-141" id="link7note-141"> + <a id="link7note-141"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 141 (<a href="#link7noteref-141">return</a>)<br /> [ {iropsantai ton + 141 (<a href="#link7noteref-141">return</a>)<br > [ {iropsantai ton khthonion theon}: cp. vi. 134.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-142" id="link7note-142"> + <a id="link7note-142"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 142 (<a href="#link7noteref-142">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. by direct + 142 (<a href="#link7noteref-142">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. by direct inspiration.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-143" id="link7note-143"> + <a id="link7note-143"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 143 (<a href="#link7noteref-143">return</a>)<br /> [ {en dorupsoros}: the + 143 (<a href="#link7noteref-143">return</a>)<br > [ {en dorupsoros}: the MSS. have {os en dorupsoros}. Some Editors mark a lacuna.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-144" id="link7note-144"> + <a id="link7note-144"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 144 (<a href="#link7noteref-144">return</a>)<br /> [ {gamorous}, the name + 144 (<a href="#link7noteref-144">return</a>)<br > [ {gamorous}, the name given to the highest class of citizens.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-145" id="link7note-145"> + <a id="link7note-145"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 145 (<a href="#link7noteref-145">return</a>)<br /> [ Or, "Killyrians." They + 145 (<a href="#link7noteref-145">return</a>)<br > [ Or, "Killyrians." They were conquered Sicanians, in the position of the Spartan Helots.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-146" id="link7note-146"> + <a id="link7note-146"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 146 (<a href="#link7noteref-146">return</a>)<br /> [ {pakheas}: cp. v. 30.] + 146 (<a href="#link7noteref-146">return</a>)<br > [ {pakheas}: cp. v. 30.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-147" id="link7note-147"> + <a id="link7note-147"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 147 (<a href="#link7noteref-147">return</a>)<br /> [ {gar}: inserted + 147 (<a href="#link7noteref-147">return</a>)<br > [ {gar}: inserted conjecturally by many Editors.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-148" id="link7note-148"> + <a id="link7note-148"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 148 (<a href="#link7noteref-148">return</a>)<br /> [ See v. 46.] + 148 (<a href="#link7noteref-148">return</a>)<br > [ See v. 46.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-149" id="link7note-149"> + <a id="link7note-149"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 149 (<a href="#link7noteref-149">return</a>)<br /> [ {e ke meg oimexeie}, + 149 (<a href="#link7noteref-149">return</a>)<br > [ {e ke meg oimexeie}, the beginning of a Homeric hexameter, cp. Il. vii. 125.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-150" id="link7note-150"> + <a id="link7note-150"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 150 (<a href="#link7noteref-150">return</a>)<br /> [ Or, "since your speech + 150 (<a href="#link7noteref-150">return</a>)<br > [ Or, "since your speech is so adverse."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-151" id="link7note-151"> + <a id="link7note-151"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 151 (<a href="#link7noteref-151">return</a>)<br /> [ See Il. ii. 552.] + 151 (<a href="#link7noteref-151">return</a>)<br > [ See Il. ii. 552.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-152" id="link7note-152"> + <a id="link7note-152"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 152 (<a href="#link7noteref-152">return</a>)<br /> [ Some Editors mark this + 152 (<a href="#link7noteref-152">return</a>)<br > [ Some Editors mark this explanation "Now this is the meaning— year," as interpolated.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-153" id="link7note-153"> + <a id="link7note-153"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 153 (<a href="#link7noteref-153">return</a>)<br /> [ {purannida}.] + 153 (<a href="#link7noteref-153">return</a>)<br > [ {purannida}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-154" id="link7note-154"> + <a id="link7note-154"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 154 (<a href="#link7noteref-154">return</a>)<br /> [ {es meson Kooisi + 154 (<a href="#link7noteref-154">return</a>)<br > [ {es meson Kooisi katatheis ten arkhen}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-155" id="link7note-155"> + <a id="link7note-155"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 155 (<a href="#link7noteref-155">return</a>)<br /> [ {para Samion}: this is + 155 (<a href="#link7noteref-155">return</a>)<br > [ {para Samion}: this is the reading of the best MSS.: others have {meta Samion}, "together with the Samians," which is adopted by many Editors. There can be little doubt however that the Skythes mentioned in vi. 23 was the father of this @@ -12168,277 +11826,277 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger former king.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-156" id="link7note-156"> + <a id="link7note-156"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 156 (<a href="#link7noteref-156">return</a>)<br /> [ Cp. ch. 154.] + 156 (<a href="#link7noteref-156">return</a>)<br > [ Cp. ch. 154.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-157" id="link7note-157"> + <a id="link7note-157"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 157 (<a href="#link7noteref-157">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. 300,000.] + 157 (<a href="#link7noteref-157">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. 300,000.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-159" id="link7note-159"> + <a id="link7note-159"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 159 (<a href="#link7noteref-159">return</a>)<br /> [ The MSS. add either + 159 (<a href="#link7noteref-159">return</a>)<br > [ The MSS. add either {os Karkhedonioi}, or {os Karkhedonioi kai Surekosioi}, but the testimony of the Carthaginians has just been given, {os Phoinikes legousi}, and the Syracusans professed to be unable to discover anything of him at all. Most of the Editors omit or alter the words.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-160" id="link7note-160"> + <a id="link7note-160"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 160 (<a href="#link7noteref-160">return</a>)<br /> [ {epimemphesthe}: some + 160 (<a href="#link7noteref-160">return</a>)<br > [ {epimemphesthe}: some Editors have tried corrections, e.g. {ou ti memnesthe}, "do ye not remember," or {epimemnesthe}, "remember"; but cp. viii. 106, {oste se me mempsasthai ten... diken}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-161" id="link7note-161"> + <a id="link7note-161"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 161 (<a href="#link7noteref-161">return</a>)<br /> [ {osa umin... Minos + 161 (<a href="#link7noteref-161">return</a>)<br > [ {osa umin... Minos epempse menion dakrumata}. The oracle would seem to have been in iambic verse.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-162" id="link7note-162"> + <a id="link7note-162"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 162 (<a href="#link7noteref-162">return</a>)<br /> [ {parentheke}.] + 162 (<a href="#link7noteref-162">return</a>)<br > [ {parentheke}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-163" id="link7note-163"> + <a id="link7note-163"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 163 (<a href="#link7noteref-163">return</a>)<br /> [ {ou boulomenoi}, + 163 (<a href="#link7noteref-163">return</a>)<br > [ {ou boulomenoi}, apparently equivalent to {me boulemenoi}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-164" id="link7note-164"> + <a id="link7note-164"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 164 (<a href="#link7noteref-164">return</a>)<br /> [ Cp. viii. 111.] + 164 (<a href="#link7noteref-164">return</a>)<br > [ Cp. viii. 111.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-165" id="link7note-165"> + <a id="link7note-165"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 165 (<a href="#link7noteref-165">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. the six + 165 (<a href="#link7noteref-165">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. the six commanders of divisions {morai} in the Spartan army.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-166" id="link7note-166"> + <a id="link7note-166"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 166 (<a href="#link7noteref-166">return</a>)<br /> [ {mia}: for this most + 166 (<a href="#link7noteref-166">return</a>)<br > [ {mia}: for this most MSS. have {ama}. Perhaps the true reading is {ama mia}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-167" id="link7note-167"> + <a id="link7note-167"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 167 (<a href="#link7noteref-167">return</a>)<br /> [ {amaxitos moune}, cp. + 167 (<a href="#link7noteref-167">return</a>)<br > [ {amaxitos moune}, cp. ch. 200.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-168" id="link7note-168"> + <a id="link7note-168"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 168 (<a href="#link7noteref-168">return</a>)<br /> [ {Khutrous}.] + 168 (<a href="#link7noteref-168">return</a>)<br > [ {Khutrous}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-169" id="link7note-169"> + <a id="link7note-169"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 169 (<a href="#link7noteref-169">return</a>)<br /> [ {ton epibateon + 169 (<a href="#link7noteref-169">return</a>)<br > [ {ton epibateon autes}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-170" id="link7note-170"> + <a id="link7note-170"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 170 (<a href="#link7noteref-170">return</a>)<br /> [ {emeroskopous}: + 170 (<a href="#link7noteref-170">return</a>)<br > [ {emeroskopous}: perhaps simply "scouts," cp. ch. 219, by which it would seem that they were at their posts by night also, though naturally they would not see much except by day.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-171" id="link7note-171"> + <a id="link7note-171"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 171 (<a href="#link7noteref-171">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. "Ant."] + 171 (<a href="#link7noteref-171">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. "Ant."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-172" id="link7note-172"> + <a id="link7note-172"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 172 (<a href="#link7noteref-172">return</a>)<br /> [ {autoi}.] + 172 (<a href="#link7noteref-172">return</a>)<br > [ {autoi}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-173" id="link7note-173"> + <a id="link7note-173"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 173 (<a href="#link7noteref-173">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. 241,400.] + 173 (<a href="#link7noteref-173">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. 241,400.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-174" id="link7note-174"> + <a id="link7note-174"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 174 (<a href="#link7noteref-174">return</a>)<br /> [ {epebateuon}.] + 174 (<a href="#link7noteref-174">return</a>)<br > [ {epebateuon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-175" id="link7note-175"> + <a id="link7note-175"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 175 (<a href="#link7noteref-175">return</a>)<br /> [ 36,210.] + 175 (<a href="#link7noteref-175">return</a>)<br > [ 36,210.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-176" id="link7note-176"> + <a id="link7note-176"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 176 (<a href="#link7noteref-176">return</a>)<br /> [ {o ti pleon en auton e + 176 (<a href="#link7noteref-176">return</a>)<br > [ {o ti pleon en auton e elasson}. In ch. 97, which is referred to just above, these ships are stated to have been of many different kinds, and not only fifty-oared galleys.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-177" id="link7note-177"> + <a id="link7note-177"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 177 (<a href="#link7noteref-177">return</a>)<br /> [ 240,000.] + 177 (<a href="#link7noteref-177">return</a>)<br > [ 240,000.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-178" id="link7note-178"> + <a id="link7note-178"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 178 (<a href="#link7noteref-178">return</a>)<br /> [ 517,610.] + 178 (<a href="#link7noteref-178">return</a>)<br > [ 517,610.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-179" id="link7note-179"> + <a id="link7note-179"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 179 (<a href="#link7noteref-179">return</a>)<br /> [ 1,700,000: see ch. + 179 (<a href="#link7noteref-179">return</a>)<br > [ 1,700,000: see ch. 60.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-180" id="link7note-180"> + <a id="link7note-180"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 180 (<a href="#link7noteref-180">return</a>)<br /> [ 80,000.] + 180 (<a href="#link7noteref-180">return</a>)<br > [ 80,000.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-181" id="link7note-181"> + <a id="link7note-181"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 181 (<a href="#link7noteref-181">return</a>)<br /> [ 2,317,610.] + 181 (<a href="#link7noteref-181">return</a>)<br > [ 2,317,610.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-182" id="link7note-182"> + <a id="link7note-182"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 182 (<a href="#link7noteref-182">return</a>)<br /> [ {dokesin de dei + 182 (<a href="#link7noteref-182">return</a>)<br > [ {dokesin de dei legein}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-183" id="link7note-183"> + <a id="link7note-183"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 183 (<a href="#link7noteref-183">return</a>)<br /> [ Some MSS. have + 183 (<a href="#link7noteref-183">return</a>)<br > [ Some MSS. have {Ainienes} for {Enienes}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-184" id="link7note-184"> + <a id="link7note-184"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 184 (<a href="#link7noteref-184">return</a>)<br /> [ 300,000.] + 184 (<a href="#link7noteref-184">return</a>)<br > [ 300,000.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-185" id="link7note-185"> + <a id="link7note-185"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 185 (<a href="#link7noteref-185">return</a>)<br /> [ 2,641,610.] + 185 (<a href="#link7noteref-185">return</a>)<br > [ 2,641,610.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-186" id="link7note-186"> + <a id="link7note-186"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 186 (<a href="#link7noteref-186">return</a>)<br /> [ {tou makhimou + 186 (<a href="#link7noteref-186">return</a>)<br > [ {tou makhimou toutou}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-187" id="link7note-187"> + <a id="link7note-187"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 187 (<a href="#link7noteref-187">return</a>)<br /> [ {akatoisi}.] + 187 (<a href="#link7noteref-187">return</a>)<br > [ {akatoisi}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-188" id="link7note-188"> + <a id="link7note-188"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 188 (<a href="#link7noteref-188">return</a>)<br /> [ 5,283,220.] + 188 (<a href="#link7noteref-188">return</a>)<br > [ 5,283,220.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-189" id="link7note-189"> + <a id="link7note-189"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 189 (<a href="#link7noteref-189">return</a>)<br /> [ {khoinika}, the usual + 189 (<a href="#link7noteref-189">return</a>)<br > [ {khoinika}, the usual daily allowance.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-190" id="link7note-190"> + <a id="link7note-190"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 190 (<a href="#link7noteref-190">return</a>)<br /> [ The {medimnos} is + 190 (<a href="#link7noteref-190">return</a>)<br > [ The {medimnos} is about a bushel and a half, and is equal to 48 {khoinikes}. The reckoning here of 110,340 {medimnoi} is wrong, owing apparently to the setting down of some numbers in the quotient which were in fact part of the dividend.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-191" id="link7note-191"> + <a id="link7note-191"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 191 (<a href="#link7noteref-191">return</a>)<br /> [ {prokrossai ormeonto + 191 (<a href="#link7noteref-191">return</a>)<br > [ {prokrossai ormeonto es ponton}: the meaning of {prokrossai} is doubtful, but the introduction of the word is probably due to a reminiscence of Homer, Il. xiv. 35, where the ships are described as drawn up in rows one behind the other on shore, @@ -12451,179 +12109,179 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger stages of the pyramids (ii. 125), and {prokrossos} may mean simply "in a row," or "one behind the other," which would suit all passages in which it occurs, and would explain the expression {prokrossoi pheromenoi epi ton - kindunon}, quoted by Athenæus.] + kindunon}, quoted by Athenæus.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-192" id="link7note-192"> + <a id="link7note-192"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 192 (<a href="#link7noteref-192">return</a>)<br /> [ {apeliotes}. + 192 (<a href="#link7noteref-192">return</a>)<br > [ {apeliotes}. Evidently, from its name {Ellespontias} and from its being afterwards called {Boreas}, it was actually a North-East Wind.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-193" id="link7note-193"> + <a id="link7note-193"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 193 (<a href="#link7noteref-193">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. "Ovens."] + 193 (<a href="#link7noteref-193">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. "Ovens."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-194" id="link7note-194"> + <a id="link7note-194"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 194 (<a href="#link7noteref-194">return</a>)<br /> [ {exebrassonto}.] + 194 (<a href="#link7noteref-194">return</a>)<br > [ {exebrassonto}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-195" id="link7note-195"> + <a id="link7note-195"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 195 (<a href="#link7noteref-195">return</a>)<br /> [ {thesaurous}.] + 195 (<a href="#link7noteref-195">return</a>)<br > [ {thesaurous}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-196" id="link7note-196"> + <a id="link7note-196"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 196 (<a href="#link7noteref-196">return</a>)<br /> [ The word {khrusea}, + 196 (<a href="#link7noteref-196">return</a>)<br > [ The word {khrusea}, "of gold," is omitted by some Editors.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-197" id="link7note-197"> + <a id="link7note-197"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 197 (<a href="#link7noteref-197">return</a>)<br /> [ "in his case also {kai + 197 (<a href="#link7noteref-197">return</a>)<br > [ "in his case also {kai touton} there was an unpleasing misfortune of the slaying of a child {paidophonos} which troubled him," i.e. he like others had misfortunes to temper his prosperity.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-198" id="link7note-198"> + <a id="link7note-198"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 198 (<a href="#link7noteref-198">return</a>)<br /> [ {goesi}, (from a + 198 (<a href="#link7noteref-198">return</a>)<br > [ {goesi}, (from a supposed word {goe}): a correction of {geosi}, "by enchanters," which is retained by Stein. Some read {khoesi}, "with libations," others {boesi}, "with cries."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-199" id="link7note-199"> + <a id="link7note-199"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 199 (<a href="#link7noteref-199">return</a>)<br /> [ {aphesein}, whence the + 199 (<a href="#link7noteref-199">return</a>)<br > [ {aphesein}, whence the name {Aphetai} was supposed to be derived.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-19901" id="link7note-19901"> + <a id="link7note-19901"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 19901 (<a href="#link7noteref-19901">return</a>)<br /> [ Or, "had + 19901 (<a href="#link7noteref-19901">return</a>)<br > [ Or, "had crucified... having convicted him of the following charge, namely," etc. Cp. iii. 35 (end).] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-200" id="link7note-200"> + <a id="link7note-200"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 200 (<a href="#link7noteref-200">return</a>)<br /> [ {tritaios}. According + 200 (<a href="#link7noteref-200">return</a>)<br > [ {tritaios}. According to the usual meaning of the word the sense should be "on the third day after" entering Thessaly, but the distance was much greater than a two-days' march.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-201" id="link7note-201"> + <a id="link7note-201"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 201 (<a href="#link7noteref-201">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. "the Devourer."] + 201 (<a href="#link7noteref-201">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. "the Devourer."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-202" id="link7note-202"> + <a id="link7note-202"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 202 (<a href="#link7noteref-202">return</a>)<br /> [ {Prutaneiou}, "Hall of + 202 (<a href="#link7noteref-202">return</a>)<br > [ {Prutaneiou}, "Hall of the Magistrates."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-203" id="link7note-203"> + <a id="link7note-203"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 203 (<a href="#link7noteref-203">return</a>)<br /> [ {leiton}.] + 203 (<a href="#link7noteref-203">return</a>)<br > [ {leiton}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-204" id="link7note-204"> + <a id="link7note-204"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 204 (<a href="#link7noteref-204">return</a>)<br /> [ {estellonto}: many + 204 (<a href="#link7noteref-204">return</a>)<br > [ {estellonto}: many Editors, following inferior MSS., read {eselthontes} and make changes in the rest of the sentence.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-205" id="link7note-205"> + <a id="link7note-205"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 205 (<a href="#link7noteref-205">return</a>)<br /> [ Some MSS. have + 205 (<a href="#link7noteref-205">return</a>)<br > [ Some MSS. have {Ainienon} for {Enienon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-206" id="link7note-206"> + <a id="link7note-206"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 206 (<a href="#link7noteref-206">return</a>)<br /> [ {stadion}.] + 206 (<a href="#link7noteref-206">return</a>)<br > [ {stadion}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-207" id="link7note-207"> + <a id="link7note-207"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 207 (<a href="#link7noteref-207">return</a>)<br /> [ {diskhilia te gar kai + 207 (<a href="#link7noteref-207">return</a>)<br > [ {diskhilia te gar kai dismuria plethra tou pediou esti}. If the text is right, the {plethron} must here be a measure of area. The amount will then be about 5000 acres.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-208" id="link7note-208"> + <a id="link7note-208"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 208 (<a href="#link7noteref-208">return</a>)<br /> [ {mekhri Trekhinos}, + 208 (<a href="#link7noteref-208">return</a>)<br > [ {mekhri Trekhinos}, "up to Trachis," which was the Southern limit.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-209" id="link7note-209"> + <a id="link7note-209"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 209 (<a href="#link7noteref-209">return</a>)<br /> [ {to epi tautes tes + 209 (<a href="#link7noteref-209">return</a>)<br > [ {to epi tautes tes epeirou}. I take {to epi tautes} to be an adverbial expression like {tes eteres} in ch. 36, for I cannot think that the rendering "towards this continent" is satisfactory.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-210" id="link7note-210"> + <a id="link7note-210"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 210 (<a href="#link7noteref-210">return</a>)<br /> [ See v. 45.] + 210 (<a href="#link7noteref-210">return</a>)<br > [ See v. 45.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-211" id="link7note-211"> + <a id="link7note-211"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 211 (<a href="#link7noteref-211">return</a>)<br /> [ {tous katesteotas}. + 211 (<a href="#link7noteref-211">return</a>)<br > [ {tous katesteotas}. There is a reference to the body of 300 so called {ippeis} (cp. i. 67), who were appointed to accompany the king in war; but we must suppose that on special occasions the king made up this appointed number by selection, @@ -12632,257 +12290,257 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger "men of mature age."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-212" id="link7note-212"> + <a id="link7note-212"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 212 (<a href="#link7noteref-212">return</a>)<br /> [ {ton Pulagoron}.] + 212 (<a href="#link7noteref-212">return</a>)<br > [ {ton Pulagoron}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-213" id="link7note-213"> + <a id="link7note-213"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 213 (<a href="#link7noteref-213">return</a>)<br /> [ {es ten Pulaien}.] + 213 (<a href="#link7noteref-213">return</a>)<br > [ {es ten Pulaien}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-214" id="link7note-214"> + <a id="link7note-214"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 214 (<a href="#link7noteref-214">return</a>)<br /> [ An indication that the + 214 (<a href="#link7noteref-214">return</a>)<br > [ An indication that the historian intended to carry his work further than the year 479.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-215" id="link7note-215"> + <a id="link7note-215"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 215 (<a href="#link7noteref-215">return</a>)<br /> [ See ch. 83.] + 215 (<a href="#link7noteref-215">return</a>)<br > [ See ch. 83.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-216" id="link7note-216"> + <a id="link7note-216"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 216 (<a href="#link7noteref-216">return</a>)<br /> [ {ek te tosou de + 216 (<a href="#link7noteref-216">return</a>)<br > [ {ek te tosou de katededekto eousa ouden khreste Melieusi}, i.e. {e esbole}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-217" id="link7note-217"> + <a id="link7note-217"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 217 (<a href="#link7noteref-217">return</a>)<br /> [ {Melampugon}.] + 217 (<a href="#link7noteref-217">return</a>)<br > [ {Melampugon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-218" id="link7note-218"> + <a id="link7note-218"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 218 (<a href="#link7noteref-218">return</a>)<br /> [ Lit. "had set out to + 218 (<a href="#link7noteref-218">return</a>)<br > [ Lit. "had set out to go at first."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-219" id="link7note-219"> + <a id="link7note-219"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 219 (<a href="#link7noteref-219">return</a>)<br /> [ Lit. "and afterwards + 219 (<a href="#link7noteref-219">return</a>)<br > [ Lit. "and afterwards deserters were they who reported."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-220" id="link7note-220"> + <a id="link7note-220"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 220 (<a href="#link7noteref-220">return</a>)<br /> [ {diakrithentes}.] + 220 (<a href="#link7noteref-220">return</a>)<br > [ {diakrithentes}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-221" id="link7note-221"> + <a id="link7note-221"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 221 (<a href="#link7noteref-221">return</a>)<br /> [ {taute kai mallon te + 221 (<a href="#link7noteref-221">return</a>)<br > [ {taute kai mallon te gnome pleistos eimi}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-222" id="link7note-222"> + <a id="link7note-222"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 222 (<a href="#link7noteref-222">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. the Persian.] + 222 (<a href="#link7noteref-222">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. the Persian.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-223" id="link7note-223"> + <a id="link7note-223"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 223 (<a href="#link7noteref-223">return</a>)<br /> [ {prin tond eteron dia + 223 (<a href="#link7noteref-223">return</a>)<br > [ {prin tond eteron dia panta dasetai}: i.e. either the city or the king.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-224" id="link7note-224"> + <a id="link7note-224"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 224 (<a href="#link7noteref-224">return</a>)<br /> [ {mounon Spartieteon}: + 224 (<a href="#link7noteref-224">return</a>)<br > [ {mounon Spartieteon}: some Editors (following Plutarch) read {mounon Spartieteon}, "lay up for the Spartans glory above all other nations."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-225" id="link7note-225"> + <a id="link7note-225"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 225 (<a href="#link7noteref-225">return</a>)<br /> [ {to men gar eruma tou + 225 (<a href="#link7noteref-225">return</a>)<br > [ {to men gar eruma tou teikheos ephulasseto, oi de k.t.l.}] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-226" id="link7note-226"> + <a id="link7note-226"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 226 (<a href="#link7noteref-226">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. the + 226 (<a href="#link7noteref-226">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. the Lacedemonians.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-227" id="link7note-227"> + <a id="link7note-227"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 227 (<a href="#link7noteref-227">return</a>)<br /> [ {izonto epi ton + 227 (<a href="#link7noteref-227">return</a>)<br > [ {izonto epi ton kolonon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-228" id="link7note-228"> + <a id="link7note-228"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 228 (<a href="#link7noteref-228">return</a>)<br /> [ Some Editors insert + 228 (<a href="#link7noteref-228">return</a>)<br > [ Some Editors insert {tous} after {e}, "before those who were sent away by Leonidas had departed."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-229" id="link7note-229"> + <a id="link7note-229"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 229 (<a href="#link7noteref-229">return</a>)<br /> [ {remasi}.] + 229 (<a href="#link7noteref-229">return</a>)<br > [ {remasi}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-230" id="link7note-230"> + <a id="link7note-230"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 230 (<a href="#link7noteref-230">return</a>)<br /> [ {leipopsukheonta}, a + 230 (<a href="#link7noteref-230">return</a>)<br > [ {leipopsukheonta}, a word which refers properly to bodily weakness. It has been proposed to read {philopsukheonta}, "loving his life," cp. vi. 29.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-231" id="link7note-231"> + <a id="link7note-231"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 231 (<a href="#link7noteref-231">return</a>)<br /> [ {algesanta}: some good + 231 (<a href="#link7noteref-231">return</a>)<br > [ {algesanta}: some good MSS. have {alogesanta}, which is adopted by Stein, "had in his ill-reckoning returned alone."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-232" id="link7note-232"> + <a id="link7note-232"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 232 (<a href="#link7noteref-232">return</a>)<br /> [ {tes autes ekhomenou + 232 (<a href="#link7noteref-232">return</a>)<br > [ {tes autes ekhomenou prophasios}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-233" id="link7note-233"> + <a id="link7note-233"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 233 (<a href="#link7noteref-233">return</a>)<br /> [ {atimien}.] + 233 (<a href="#link7noteref-233">return</a>)<br > [ {atimien}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-234" id="link7note-234"> + <a id="link7note-234"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 234 (<a href="#link7noteref-234">return</a>)<br /> [ {o tresas}.] + 234 (<a href="#link7noteref-234">return</a>)<br > [ {o tresas}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-235" id="link7note-235"> + <a id="link7note-235"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 235 (<a href="#link7noteref-235">return</a>)<br /> [ Thuc. ii. 2 ff.] + 235 (<a href="#link7noteref-235">return</a>)<br > [ Thuc. ii. 2 ff.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-236" id="link7note-236"> + <a id="link7note-236"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 236 (<a href="#link7noteref-236">return</a>)<br /> [ {tas diexodous ton + 236 (<a href="#link7noteref-236">return</a>)<br > [ {tas diexodous ton bouleumaton}, cp. iii. 156.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-237" id="link7note-237"> + <a id="link7note-237"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 237 (<a href="#link7noteref-237">return</a>)<br /> [ {ton vees k.t.l.}: + 237 (<a href="#link7noteref-237">return</a>)<br > [ {ton vees k.t.l.}: some Editors insert {ek} before {ton}, "by which four hundred ships have suffered shipwreck."] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-238" id="link7note-238"> + <a id="link7note-238"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 238 (<a href="#link7noteref-238">return</a>)<br /> [ {ta seoutou de + 238 (<a href="#link7noteref-238">return</a>)<br > [ {ta seoutou de tithemenos eu gnomen ekho}: for {ekho} some inferior MSS. have {ekhe}, which is adopted by several Editors, "Rather set thy affairs in good order and determine not to consider," etc.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-239" id="link7note-239"> + <a id="link7note-239"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 239 (<a href="#link7noteref-239">return</a>)<br /> [ {to pareon troma}, + 239 (<a href="#link7noteref-239">return</a>)<br > [ {to pareon troma}, i.e. their defeat.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-240" id="link7note-240"> + <a id="link7note-240"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 240 (<a href="#link7noteref-240">return</a>)<br /> [ {kai esti dusmenes te + 240 (<a href="#link7noteref-240">return</a>)<br > [ {kai esti dusmenes te sige}. Some commentators understand {te sige} to mean "secretly," like {sige}, viii. 74.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-241" id="link7note-241"> + <a id="link7note-241"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 241 (<a href="#link7noteref-241">return</a>)<br /> [ See ch. 220.] + 241 (<a href="#link7noteref-241">return</a>)<br > [ See ch. 220.] </p> <p> - <a name="link7note-242" id="link7note-242"> + <a id="link7note-242"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 242 (<a href="#link7noteref-242">return</a>)<br /> [ Many Editors pronounce + 242 (<a href="#link7noteref-242">return</a>)<br > [ Many Editors pronounce the last chapter to be an interpolation, but perhaps with hardly sufficient reason.] </p> <p> - <br /> <br /> + <br > <br > </p> - <hr /> + <hr > <p> - <br /> <br /> <a name="link82H_4_0001" id="link82H_4_0001"> + <br > <br > <a id="link82H_4_0001"> <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> </p> <h2> @@ -12895,18 +12553,17 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger had no practice in seamanship, yet joined with the Athenians in manning their ships. The Corinthians furnished forty ships, the Megarians twenty; the Chalkidians manned twenty ships with which the Athenians furnished - them; <a href="#link8note-1" name="link8noteref-1" id="link8noteref-1">1</a> + them; <a href="#link8note-1" id="link8noteref-1">1</a> the Eginetans furnished eighteen ships, the Sikyonians twelve, the Lacedemonians ten, the Epidaurians eight, the Eretrians seven, the - Troizenians five, the Styrians two, the Keïans two ships <a - href="#link8note-2" name="link8noteref-2" id="link8noteref-2">2</a> and + Troizenians five, the Styrians two, the Keïans two ships <a + href="#link8note-2" id="link8noteref-2">2</a> and two fifty-oared galleys, while the Locrians of Opus came also to the assistance of the rest with seven fifty-oared galleys. </p> <p> 2. These were those who joined in the expedition to Artemision, and I have - mentioned them according to the number <a href="#link8note-3" - name="link8noteref-3" id="link8noteref-3">3</a> of the ships which they + mentioned them according to the number <a href="#link8note-3" id="link8noteref-3">3</a> of the ships which they severally supplied: so the number of the ships which were assembled at Artemision was (apart from the fifty-oared galleys) two hundred and seventy-one: and the commander who had the supreme power was furnished by @@ -12933,7 +12590,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 4. But at this time these Hellenes also who had come to Artemision, <a - href="#link8note-4" name="link8noteref-4" id="link8noteref-4">4</a> when + href="#link8note-4" id="link8noteref-4">4</a> when they saw that a great number of ships had put in to Aphetai and that everything was filled with their armament, were struck with fear, because the fortunes of the Barbarians had different issue from that which they @@ -12957,8 +12614,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger shalt not leave us, for I will give thee greater gifts than the king of the Medes would send to thee, if thou shouldest desert thy allies." Thus he spoke, and at the same time he sent to the ship of Adeimantos three - talents of silver. So these all <a href="#link8note-5" - name="link8noteref-5" id="link8noteref-5">5</a> had been persuaded by + talents of silver. So these all <a href="#link8note-5" id="link8noteref-5">5</a> had been persuaded by gifts to change their resolution, and at the same time the request of the Euboeans had been gratified and Themistocles himself gained money; and it was not known that he had the rest of the money, but those who received a @@ -12975,10 +12631,8 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger them directly for this reason,—for fear namely that the Hellenes, when they saw them sailing against them, should set forth to take flight and darkness should come upon them in their flight; and so they were - likely (thought the Persians) <a href="#link8note-6" name="link8noteref-6" - id="link8noteref-6">6</a> to get away; whereas it was right, according to - their calculation, that not even the fire-bearer <a href="#link8note-7" - name="link8noteref-7" id="link8noteref-7">7</a> should escape and save his + likely (thought the Persians) <a href="#link8note-6" id="link8noteref-6">6</a> to get away; whereas it was right, according to + their calculation, that not even the fire-bearer <a href="#link8note-7" id="link8noteref-7">7</a> should escape and save his life. </p> <p> @@ -13023,7 +12677,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger they waited for the coming of the late hours of the afternoon and sailed out themselves to attack the Barbarians, desiring to make a trial both of their manner of fighting and of the trick of breaking their line. <a - href="#link8note-8" name="link8noteref-8" id="link8noteref-8">8</a> + href="#link8note-8" id="link8noteref-8">8</a> </p> <p> 10. And seeing them sailing thus against them with few ships, not only the @@ -13048,7 +12702,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger themselves with prows facing the Barbarians and drew the sterns of their ships together in the middle; and when the signal was given a second time, although shut off in a small space and prow against prow, <a - href="#link8note-9" name="link8noteref-9" id="link8noteref-9">9</a> they + href="#link8note-9" id="link8noteref-9">9</a> they set to work vigorously; and they captured thirty ships of the Barbarians and also Philaon the son of Chersis, the brother of Gorgos kind of the Salaminians, who was a man of great repute in the army. Now the first of @@ -13065,8 +12719,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 12. When the darkness had come on, although the season was the middle of summer, yet there came on very abundant rain, which lasted through the - whole of the night, with crashing thunder <a href="#link8note-10" - name="link8noteref-10" id="link8noteref-10">10</a> from Mount Pelion; and + whole of the night, with crashing thunder <a href="#link8note-10" id="link8noteref-10">10</a> from Mount Pelion; and the dead bodies and pieces of wreck were cast up at Aphetai and became entangled round the prows of the ships and struck against the blades of the oars: and the men of the army who were there, hearing these things @@ -13081,10 +12734,9 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger them who had been appointed to sail round Euboea experienced the very same night, but against them it raged much more fiercely, inasmuch as it fell upon them while they were making their course in the open sea. And the end - of it proved distressful <a href="#link8note-11" name="link8noteref-11" - id="link8noteref-11">11</a> to them; for when the storm and the rain + of it proved distressful <a href="#link8note-11" id="link8noteref-11">11</a> to them; for when the storm and the rain together came upon them as they sailed, being then off the "Hollows" of - Euboea, <a href="#link8note-12" name="link8noteref-12" id="link8noteref-12">12</a> + Euboea, <a href="#link8note-12" id="link8noteref-12">12</a> they were borne by the wind not knowing by what way they were carried, and were cast away upon the rocks. And all this was being brought about by God in order that the Persian force might be made more equal to that of the @@ -13143,8 +12795,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 18. Having parted, both sides gladly hastened to their moorings; and after they had separated and got away out of the sea-fight, although the Hellenes had possession of the bodies of the dead and of the wrecks of the - ships, yet having suffered severely <a href="#link8note-13" - name="link8noteref-13" id="link8noteref-13">13</a> (and especially the + ships, yet having suffered severely <a href="#link8note-13" id="link8noteref-13">13</a> (and especially the Athenians, of whose ships half had been disabled), they were deliberating now about retreating to the inner parts of Hellas. </p> @@ -13152,8 +12803,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 19. Themistocles however had conceived that if there should be detached from the force of the Barbarians the Ionian and Carian nations, they would be able to overcome the rest; and when the people of Euboea were driving - their flocks down to that sea, <a href="#link8note-14" - name="link8noteref-14" id="link8noteref-14">14</a> he assembled the + their flocks down to that sea, <a href="#link8note-14" id="link8noteref-14">14</a> he assembled the generals and said to them that he thought he had a device by which he hoped to cause the best of the king's allies to leave him. This matter he revealed to that extent only; and with regard to their present @@ -13170,10 +12820,10 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger no meaning at all, had neither carried away anything from their land nor laid in any store of provisions with a view to war coming upon them, and by their conduct moreover they had brought trouble upon themselves. <a - href="#link8note-15" name="link8noteref-15" id="link8noteref-15">15</a> + href="#link8note-15" id="link8noteref-15">15</a> For the oracle uttered by Bakis about these matters runs as follows: </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> +<pre> "Mark, when a man, a Barbarian, shall yoke the Sea with papyrus, Then do thou plan to remove the loud-bleating goats from Euboea." </pre> @@ -13186,7 +12836,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 21. While these were thus engaged, there came to them the scout from Trachis: for there was at Artemision a scout named Polyas, by birth of Antikyra, to whom it had been appointed, if the fleet should be disabled, - <a href="#link8note-16" name="link8noteref-16" id="link8noteref-16">16</a> + <a href="#link8note-16" id="link8noteref-16">16</a> to signify this to those at Thermopylai, and he had a vessel equipped and ready for this purpose; and similarly there was with Leonidas Abronichos son of Lysicles, an Athenian, ready to carry news to those at Artemision @@ -13253,8 +12903,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Xerxes had done that which I mentioned about the bodies of his own dead; for in truth it was a thing to cause laughter even: on the one side there were seen a thousand dead bodies lying, while the others lay all gathered - together in the same place, four thousand <a href="#link8note-17" - name="link8noteref-17" id="link8noteref-17">17</a> of them. During this + together in the same place, four thousand <a href="#link8note-17" id="link8noteref-17">17</a> of them. During this day then they busied themselves with looking, and on the day after this they sailed back to the ships at Histaia, while Xerxes and his army set forth upon their march. @@ -13268,7 +12917,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger a contest of athletics and horsemanship. He then inquired again, what was the prize proposed to them, for the sake of which they contended; and they told them of the wreath of olive which is given. Then Tigranes <a - href="#link8note-18" name="link8noteref-18" id="link8noteref-18">18</a> + href="#link8note-18" id="link8noteref-18">18</a> the son of Artabanos uttered a thought which was most noble, though thereby he incurred from the king the reproach of cowardice: for hearing that the prize was a wreath and not money, he could not endure to keep @@ -13297,8 +12946,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger possession of four thousand bodies of slain men and shields; of which last they dedicated half at Abai and half at Delphi; and from the tithe of booty got by this battle were made the large statues which are contending - for the tripod in front of the temple <a href="#link8note-19" - name="link8noteref-19" id="link8noteref-19">19</a> at Delphi, and others + for the tripod in front of the temple <a href="#link8note-19" id="link8noteref-19">19</a> at Delphi, and others similar to these are dedicated as an offering at Abai. </p> <p> @@ -13309,7 +12957,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger and then having carried earth and laid it on the top and made it like the rest of the ground, they waited for the Thessalians to invade their land. These supposing that they would make short work with the Phokians, <a - href="#link8note-20" name="link8noteref-20" id="link8noteref-20">20</a> + href="#link8note-20" id="link8noteref-20">20</a> riding in full course fell upon the wine-jars; and there the legs of their horses were utterly crippled. </p> @@ -13340,7 +12988,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 31. When these words were reported, then the Thessalians, moved with anger against the Phokians, became guides to the Barbarian to show him the way: and from the land of Trachis they entered Doris; for a narrow strip <a - href="#link8note-21" name="link8noteref-21" id="link8noteref-21">21</a> of + href="#link8note-21" id="link8noteref-21">21</a> of the Dorian territory extends this way, about thirty furlongs in breadth, lying between Malis and Phokis, the region which was in ancient time called Dryopis; this land is the mother-country of the Dorians in @@ -13408,14 +13056,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Parnassos and carried their property to the Corykian cave, while others departed for refuge to Amphissa of the Locrians. In short the Delphians had all left the town excepting sixty men and the prophet of the Oracle. - <a href="#link8note-22" name="link8noteref-22" id="link8noteref-22">22</a> + <a href="#link8note-22" id="link8noteref-22">22</a> </p> <p> 37. When the Barbarians had come near and could see the temple, then the prophet, whose name was Akeratos, saw before the cell <a - href="#link8note-23" name="link8noteref-23" id="link8noteref-23">23</a> + href="#link8note-23" id="link8noteref-23">23</a> arms lying laid out, having been brought forth out of the sanctuary, <a - href="#link8note-24" name="link8noteref-24" id="link8noteref-24">24</a> + href="#link8note-24" id="link8noteref-24">24</a> which were sacred and on which it was not permitted to any man to lay hands. He then was going to announce the portent to those of the Delphians who were still there, but when the Barbarians pressing onwards came @@ -13441,9 +13089,9 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 39. These two the Delphians say were the native heroes Phylacos and - Autonoös, whose sacred enclosures are about the temple, that of Phylacos + Autonoös, whose sacred enclosures are about the temple, that of Phylacos being close by the side of the road above the temple of Pronaia and that - of Autonoös near Castalia under the peak called Hyampeia. Moreover the + of Autonoös near Castalia under the peak called Hyampeia. Moreover the rocks which fell from Parnassos were still preserved even to my time, lying in the sacred enclosure of Athene Pronaia, into which they fell when they rushed through the ranks of the Barbarians. Such departure had these @@ -13473,7 +13121,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger urgent to put these out of danger, both because they desired to obey the oracle and also especially for another reason, which was this:—the Athenians say that a great serpent lives in the temple <a - href="#link8note-25" name="link8noteref-25" id="link8noteref-25">25</a> + href="#link8note-25" id="link8noteref-25">25</a> and guards the Acropolis; and they not only say this, but also they set forth for it monthly offerings, as if it were really there; and the offering consists of a honey-cake. This honey-cake, which before used @@ -13486,8 +13134,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 42. When those who came from Artemision had put their ships in to land at Salamis, the remainder of the naval force of the Hellenes, being informed - of this, came over gradually to join them <a href="#link8note-26" - name="link8noteref-26" id="link8noteref-26">26</a> from Troizen: for they + of this, came over gradually to join them <a href="#link8note-26" id="link8noteref-26">26</a> from Troizen: for they had been ordered beforehand to assemble at Pogon, which is the harbour of the Troizenians. There were assembled accordingly now many more ships than those which were in the sea-fight at Artemision, and from more cities. @@ -13501,20 +13148,18 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger the Lacedemonians furnishing sixteen ships, the Corinthians furnishing the same complement as at Artemision, the Sikyonians furnishing fifteen ships, the Epidaurians ten, the Troizenians five, the men of Hermion <a - href="#link8note-2601" name="link8noteref-2601" id="link8noteref-2601">2601</a> + href="#link8note-2601" id="link8noteref-2601">2601</a> three, these all, except the Hermionians, being of Doric and Makednian <a - href="#link8note-27" name="link8noteref-27" id="link8noteref-27">27</a> + href="#link8note-27" id="link8noteref-27">27</a> race and having made their last migration from Erineos and Pindos and the - land of Dryopis; <a href="#link8note-28" name="link8noteref-28" - id="link8noteref-28">28</a> but the people of Hermion are Dryopians, + land of Dryopis; <a href="#link8note-28" id="link8noteref-28">28</a> but the people of Hermion are Dryopians, driven out by Heracles and the Malians from the land which is now called Doris. </p> <p> 44. These were the Peloponnesians who joined the fleet, and those of the mainland outside the Peloponnese were as follows:—the Athenians, - furnishing a number larger than all the rest, <a href="#link8note-29" - name="link8noteref-29" id="link8noteref-29">29</a> namely one hundred and + furnishing a number larger than all the rest, <a href="#link8note-29" id="link8noteref-29">29</a> namely one hundred and eighty ships, and serving alone, since the Plataians did not take part with the Athenians in the sea-fight at Salamis, because when the Hellenes were departing from Artemision and come near Chalkis, the Plataians @@ -13525,8 +13170,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Cranaoi, and in the time of king Kecrops they came to be called Kecropidai; then when Erechtheus had succeeded to his power, they had their name changed to Athenians; and after Ion the son of Xuthos became - commander <a href="#link8note-30" name="link8noteref-30" - id="link8noteref-30">30</a> of the Athenians, they got the name from him + commander <a href="#link8note-30" id="link8noteref-30">30</a> of the Athenians, they got the name from him of Ionians. </p> <p> @@ -13541,7 +13185,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger the Eginetans are Dorians from Epidauros, and their island had formerly the name of Oinone. After the Eginetans came the Chalkidians with the twenty ships which were at Artemision, and the Eretrians with their seven: - these are Ionians. Next the Keïans, furnishing the same as before and + these are Ionians. Next the Keïans, furnishing the same as before and being by race Ionians from Athens. The Naxians furnished four ships, they having been sent out by the citizens of their State to join the Persians, like the other islanders; but neglecting these commands they had come to @@ -13560,7 +13204,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger the greatest distance to serve: but of those who dwell outside these limits the men of Croton were the only people who came to the assistance of Hellas in her danger; and these sent one ship, of whom the commander - was Phaÿlos, a man who had three times won victories at the Pythian games. + was Phaÿlos, a man who had three times won victories at the Pythian games. Now the men of Croton are by descent Achaians. </p> <p> @@ -13569,7 +13213,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger by descent from Lacedemon, furnished two, the Siphnians and Seriphians, who are Ionians from Athens, each one. And the whole number of the ships, apart from the fifty-oared galleys, was three hundred and seventy-eight. - <a href="#link8note-31" name="link8noteref-31" id="link8noteref-31">31</a> + <a href="#link8note-31" id="link8noteref-31">31</a> </p> <p> 49. When the commanders had assembled at Salamis from the States which @@ -13592,8 +13236,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger of the Thespians (the inhabitants having left it and gone to the Peloponnese) and that of the Plataians likewise, had now come to Athens and was laying waste everything in those regions. Now he had burnt - Thespiai <a href="#link8note-3101" name="link8noteref-3101" - id="link8noteref-3101">3101</a> and Plataia because he was informed by the + Thespiai <a href="#link8note-3101" id="link8noteref-3101">3101</a> and Plataia because he was informed by the Thebans that these were not taking the side of the Medes. </p> <p> @@ -13615,7 +13258,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 52. So the Persians taking their post upon the rising ground opposite the Acropolis, which the Athenians call the Hill of Ares, <a - href="#link8note-32" name="link8noteref-32" id="link8noteref-32">32</a> + href="#link8note-32" id="link8noteref-32">32</a> proceeded to besiege them in this fashion, that is they put tow round about their arrows and lighted it, and then shot them against the palisade. The Athenians who were besieged continued to defend themselves @@ -13631,16 +13274,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 53. In time however there appeared for the Barbarians a way of approach after their difficulties, since by the oracle it was destined that all of Attica which is on the mainland should come to be under the Persians. Thus - then it happened that on the front side <a href="#link8note-33" - name="link8noteref-33" id="link8noteref-33">33</a> of the Acropolis behind + then it happened that on the front side <a href="#link8note-33" id="link8noteref-33">33</a> of the Acropolis behind the gates and the way up to the entrance, in a place where no one was keeping guard, nor would one have supposed that any man could ascend by this way, here men ascended by the temple of Aglauros the daughter of Kecrops, although indeed the place is precipitous: and when the Athenians saw that they had ascended up to the Acropolis, some of them threw themselves down from the wall and perished, while others took refuge in - the sanctuary <a href="#link8note-34" name="link8noteref-34" - id="link8noteref-34">34</a> of the temple. Then those of the Persians who + the sanctuary <a href="#link8note-34" id="link8noteref-34">34</a> of the temple. Then those of the Persians who had ascended went first to the gates, and after opening these they proceeded to kill the suppliants; and when all had been slain by them, they plundered the temple and set fire to the whole of the Acropolis. @@ -13658,8 +13299,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 55, and the reason why I made mention of this I will here declare:—there - is in this Acropolis a temple <a href="#link8note-35" - name="link8noteref-35" id="link8noteref-35">35</a> of Erechtheus, who is + is in this Acropolis a temple <a href="#link8note-35" id="link8noteref-35">35</a> of Erechtheus, who is said to have been born of the Earth, and in this there is an olive-tree and a sea, which (according to the story told by the Athenians) Poseidon and Athene, when they contended for the land, set as witnesses of @@ -13707,8 +13347,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 59. So when they were gathered together, before Eurybiades proposed the discussion of the things for which he had assembled the commanders, - Themistocles spoke with much vehemence <a href="#link8note-36" - name="link8noteref-36" id="link8noteref-36">36</a> being very eager to + Themistocles spoke with much vehemence <a href="#link8note-36" id="link8noteref-36">36</a> being very eager to gain his end; and as he was speaking, the Corinthian commander, Adeimantos the son of Okytos, said: "Themistocles, at the games those who stand forth for the contest before the due time are beaten with rods." He justifying @@ -13747,7 +13386,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Attica, but they will retire in disorder; and we shall be the gainers by the preservation of Megara and Egina and Salamis, at which place too an oracle tells us that we shall get the victory over our enemies. <a - href="#link8note-37" name="link8noteref-37" id="link8noteref-37">37</a> + href="#link8note-37" id="link8noteref-37">37</a> Now when men take counsel reasonably for themselves, reasonable issues are wont as a rule to come, but if they do not take counsel reasonably, then God is not wont generally to attach himself to the judgment of men." @@ -13793,8 +13432,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger they determined to pray to the gods and to call upon the sons of Aiacos to be their helpers. And as they had determined, so also they did; for when they had prayed to all the gods, they called Ajax and Telamon to their - help from Salamis, where the fleet was, <a href="#link8note-38" - name="link8noteref-38" id="link8noteref-38">38</a> and sent a ship to + help from Salamis, where the fleet was, <a href="#link8note-38" id="link8noteref-38">38</a> and sent a ship to Egina to bring Aiacos himself and the rest of the sons of Aiacos. </p> <p> @@ -13817,7 +13455,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger is upon the mainland, but if it shall direct its course towards the ships which are at Salamis, the king will be in danger of losing his fleet. This feast the Athenians celebrate every year to the Mother and the Daughter; - <a href="#link8note-39" name="link8noteref-39" id="link8noteref-39">39</a> + <a href="#link8note-39" id="link8noteref-39">39</a> and he that desires it, both of them and of the other Hellenes, is initiated in the mysteries; and the sound of voices which thou hearest is the cry <i>Iacchos</i> which they utter at this feast." To this Demaratos @@ -13898,8 +13536,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger were grieved at her words, supposing that she would suffer some evil from the king because she urged him not to fight at sea; while those who had envy and jealousy of her, because she had been honoured above all the - allies, were rejoiced at the opposition, <a href="#link8note-40" - name="link8noteref-40" id="link8noteref-40">40</a> supposing that she + allies, were rejoiced at the opposition, <a href="#link8note-40" id="link8noteref-40">40</a> supposing that she would now be ruined. When however the opinions were reported to Xerxes, he was greatly pleased with the opinion of Artemisia; and whereas even before this he thought her excellent, he commended her now yet more. Nevertheless @@ -13930,7 +13567,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger of Leonidas. These being posted at the Isthmus had destroyed the Skironian way, and after this (having so determined in counsel with one another) they began to build a wall across the Isthmus; and as they were many - myriads <a href="#link8note-41" name="link8noteref-41" id="link8noteref-41">41</a> + myriads <a href="#link8note-41" id="link8noteref-41">41</a> and every man joined in the work, the work proceeded fast; for stones and bricks and pieces of timber and baskets full of sand were carried to it continually, and they who had thus come to help paused not at all in their @@ -13954,14 +13591,12 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger own. The remaining races, four in number, have come in from without, namely the Dorians, Aitolians, Dryopians and Lemnians. Of the Dorians there are many cities and of great renown; of the Aitolians, Elis alone; - of the Dryopians, Hermion <a href="#link8note-42" name="link8noteref-42" - id="link8noteref-42">42</a> and Asine, which latter is opposite Cardamyle + of the Dryopians, Hermion <a href="#link8note-42" id="link8noteref-42">42</a> and Asine, which latter is opposite Cardamyle in the Laconian land; and of the Lemnians, all the Paroreatai. The Kynurians, who are natives of the soil, seem alone to be Ionians, but they have become Dorians completely because they are subject to the Argives and by lapse of time, being originally citizens of Orneai or the dwellers in - the country round Orneai. <a href="#link8note-43" name="link8noteref-43" - id="link8noteref-43">43</a> Of these seven nations the remaining cities, + the country round Orneai. <a href="#link8note-43" id="link8noteref-43">43</a> Of these seven nations the remaining cities, except those which I enumerated just now, stood aside and did nothing; and if one may be allowed to speak freely, in thus standing aside they were in fact taking the side of the Medes. @@ -14026,20 +13661,17 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger desire to attempt to overthrow the credit of them when they speak clearly, looking at such matters as these which here follow: </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> +<pre> "But when with ships they shall join the sacred strand of the goddess, Artemis golden-sword-girded, and thee, wave-washed Kynosura, - Urged by a maddening hope, <a href="#link8note-44" name="link8noteref-44" - id="link8noteref-44">44</a> having given rich Athens to plunder, + Urged by a maddening hope, <a href="#link8note-44" id="link8noteref-44">44</a> having given rich Athens to plunder, Then shall Justice divine quell Riot, of Insolence first-born, <a - href="#link8note-45" name="link8noteref-45" id="link8noteref-45">45</a> - Longing to overthrow all things <a href="#link8note-46" name="link8noteref-46" - id="link8noteref-46">46</a> and terribly panting for bloodhshed: + href="#link8note-45" id="link8noteref-45">45</a> + Longing to overthrow all things <a href="#link8note-46" id="link8noteref-46">46</a> and terribly panting for bloodhshed: Brass shall encounter with brass, and Ares the sea shall empurple, Tinging its waves with the blood: then a day of freedom for Hellas - Cometh from wide-seeing Zeus <a href="#link8note-47" name="link8noteref-47" - id="link8noteref-47">47</a> and from Victory, lady and mother." <a - href="#link8note-48" name="link8noteref-48" id="link8noteref-48">48</a> + Cometh from wide-seeing Zeus <a href="#link8note-47" id="link8noteref-47">47</a> and from Victory, lady and mother." <a + href="#link8note-48" id="link8noteref-48">48</a> </pre> <p> Looking to such things as this, and when Bakis speaks so clearly, I do not @@ -14074,7 +13706,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 80. He made answer as follows: "Thou advisest very well, <a - href="#link8note-49" name="link8noteref-49" id="link8noteref-49">49</a> + href="#link8note-49" id="link8noteref-49">49</a> and also the news which thou hast brought is good, since thou art come having witnessed with thine own eyes that which I desired might come to pass: for know that this which is being done by the Medes is of my @@ -14113,12 +13745,12 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 83. The Hellenes then, since they believed that which was said by the Tenians, were preparing for a sea-fight: and as the dawn appeared, they made an assembly of those who fought on board the ships <a - href="#link8note-50" name="link8noteref-50" id="link8noteref-50">50</a> + href="#link8note-50" id="link8noteref-50">50</a> and addressed them, Themistocles making a speech which was eloquent beyond the rest; and the substance of it was to set forth all that is better as opposed to that which is worse, of the several things which arise in the nature and constitution of man; and having exhorted them to choose the - better, <a href="#link8note-51" name="link8noteref-51" id="link8noteref-51">51</a> + better, <a href="#link8note-51" id="link8noteref-51">51</a> and thus having wound up his speech, he bade them embark in their ships. These then proceeded to embark, and there came in meanwhile the trireme from Egina which had gone away to bring the sons of Aiacos. @@ -14136,16 +13768,15 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger apparition of a woman was seen by them, and that having appeared she encouraged them to the fight so that the whole of the army of the Hellenes heard it, first having reproached them in these words: "Madmen, <a - href="#link8note-52" name="link8noteref-52" id="link8noteref-52">52</a> + href="#link8note-52" id="link8noteref-52">52</a> how far will ye yet back your ships?" </p> <p> 85. Opposite the Athenians had been ranged the Phenicians, for these occupied the wing towards Eleusis and the West, and opposite the Lacedemonians were the Ionians, who occupied the wing which extended to - the East and to Piræus. Of them however a few were purposely slack in the - fight according to the injunctions of Themistocles, <a href="#link8note-53" - name="link8noteref-53" id="link8noteref-53">53</a> but the greater number + the East and to Piræus. Of them however a few were purposely slack in the + fight according to the injunctions of Themistocles, <a href="#link8note-53" id="link8noteref-53">53</a> but the greater number were not so. I might mention now the names of many captains of ships who destroyed ships of the Hellenes, but I will make no use of their names except in the case of Theomestor, the son of Androdamas and Phylacos the @@ -14240,10 +13871,8 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger own side display a deed of valour in the sea-fight, he inquired about him who had done it, and the scribes recorded the name of the ship's captain with that of his father and the city from whence he came. Moreover also - Ariaramnes, a Persian who was present, shared <a href="#link8note-54" - name="link8noteref-54" id="link8noteref-54">54</a> the fate of the - Phenicians, being their friend. They <a href="#link8note-55" - name="link8noteref-55" id="link8noteref-55">55</a> then proceeded to deal + Ariaramnes, a Persian who was present, shared <a href="#link8note-54" id="link8noteref-54">54</a> the fate of the + Phenicians, being their friend. They <a href="#link8note-55" id="link8noteref-55">55</a> then proceeded to deal with the Phenicians. </p> <p> @@ -14260,16 +13889,15 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger pursuing a ship of the enemy, and that of Polycritos the son of Crios the Eginetan. This last had charged against a ship of Sidon, the same that had taken the Eginetan vessel which was keeping watch in advance at Skiathos, - <a href="#link8note-56" name="link8noteref-56" id="link8noteref-56">56</a> - and in which sailed Pytheas the son of Ischenoös, whom the Persians kept + <a href="#link8note-56" id="link8noteref-56">56</a> + and in which sailed Pytheas the son of Ischenoös, whom the Persians kept in their ship, all cut to pieces as he was, making a marvel of his valour. The Sidonian ship then was captured bearing with it this man as well as the Persians of whom I spoke, so that Pytheas thus came safe to Egina. Now when Polycritos looked at the Athenian vessel he recognised when he saw it the sign of the admiral's ship, and shouting out he addressed Themistocles with mockery about the accusation brought against the Eginetans of taking - the side of the Medes, <a href="#link8note-57" name="link8noteref-57" - id="link8noteref-57">57</a> and reproached him. This taunt Polycritos + the side of the Medes, <a href="#link8note-57" id="link8noteref-57">57</a> and reproached him. This taunt Polycritos threw out against Themistocles after he had charged against the ship of Sidon. And meanwhile those Barbarians whose ships had escaped destruction fled and came to Phaleron to be under cover of the land-army. @@ -14295,11 +13923,10 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger departed likewise: and after this, as the story goes, when they came in their flight opposite to the temple of Athene Skiras in the land of Salamis, there fell in with them by divine guidance a light vessel, <a - href="#link8note-58" name="link8noteref-58" id="link8noteref-58">58</a> + href="#link8note-58" id="link8noteref-58">58</a> which no one was ever found to have sent, and which approached the Corinthians at a time when they knew nothing of that which was happening - with the fleet. And by this it is conjectured <a href="#link8note-59" - name="link8noteref-59" id="link8noteref-59">59</a> that the matter was of + with the fleet. And by this it is conjectured <a href="#link8note-59" id="link8noteref-59">59</a> that the matter was of the Deity; for when they came near to the ships, the men in the light vessel said these words: "Adeimantos, thou hast turned thy ships away and hast set forth to flee, deserting the cause of the Hellenes, while they @@ -14327,16 +13954,15 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger themselves ready for another sea-fight, expecting that the king would yet make use of the ships which remained unhurt; but many of the wrecks were taken by the West Wind and borne to that strand in Attica which is called - Colias; so as to fulfil <a href="#link8note-60" name="link8noteref-60" - id="link8noteref-60">60</a> not only all that other oracle which was + Colias; so as to fulfil <a href="#link8note-60" id="link8noteref-60">60</a> not only all that other oracle which was spoken about this sea-fight by Bakis and Musaios, but also especially, with reference to the wrecks cast up here, that which had been spoken in an oracle many years before these events by Lysistratos, an Athenian who uttered oracles, and which had not been observed by any of the Hellenes: </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> +<pre> "Then shall the Colian women with firewood of oars roast barley." <a - href="#link8note-61" name="link8noteref-61" id="link8noteref-61">61</a> + href="#link8note-61" id="link8noteref-61">61</a> </pre> <p> This was destined to come to pass after the king had marched away. @@ -14369,7 +13995,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger the very utmost speed. The first then rides and delivers the message with which he is charged to the second, and the second to the third; and after that it goes through them handed from one to the other, <a - href="#link8note-62" name="link8noteref-62" id="link8noteref-62">62</a> as + href="#link8note-62" id="link8noteref-62">62</a> as in the torch-race among the Hellenes, which they perform for Hephaistos. This kind of running of their horses the Persians call <i>angareion</i>. </p> @@ -14393,7 +14019,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger for having persuaded the king to make an expedition against Hellas, and that it was better for him to run the risk of either subduing Hellas or ending his own life honourably, placing his safety in suspense for a great - end, <a href="#link8note-63" name="link8noteref-63" id="link8noteref-63">63</a> + end, <a href="#link8note-63" id="link8noteref-63">63</a> though his opinion was rather that he would subdue Hellas;—he reckoned up these things, I say, and addressed his speech to the king as follows: "Master, be not thou grieved, nor feel great trouble on account @@ -14419,17 +14045,15 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger here, retire thou to thine own abode, taking with thee the main body of the army, and it must then be for me to deliver over to thee Hellas reduced to subjection, choosing for this purpose thirty myriads <a - href="#link8note-64" name="link8noteref-64" id="link8noteref-64">64</a> + href="#link8note-64" id="link8noteref-64">64</a> from the army." </p> <p> 101. Hearing this Xerxes was rejoiced and delighted so far as he might be - after his misfortunes, <a href="#link8note-65" name="link8noteref-65" - id="link8noteref-65">65</a> and to Mardonios he said that when he had + after his misfortunes, <a href="#link8note-65" id="link8noteref-65">65</a> and to Mardonios he said that when he had taken counsel he would reply and say which of these two things he would do. So when he was taking counsel with those of the Persians who were - called to be his advisers, <a href="#link8note-66" name="link8noteref-66" - id="link8noteref-66">66</a> it seemed good to him to send for Artemisia + called to be his advisers, <a href="#link8note-66" id="link8noteref-66">66</a> it seemed good to him to send for Artemisia also to give him counsel, because at the former time she alone had showed herself to have perception of that which ought to be done. So when Artemisia had come, Xerxes removed from him all the rest, both the Persian @@ -14456,13 +14080,11 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger thine, master, seeing that thy slaves achieved it: and on the other hand if the opposite shall come to pass of that which Mardonios intends, it will be no great misfortune, seeing that thou wilt thyself remain safe, - and also the power in those parts <a href="#link8note-67" - name="link8noteref-67" id="link8noteref-67">67</a> which concerns thy - house: <a href="#link8note-68" name="link8noteref-68" id="link8noteref-68">68</a> + and also the power in those parts <a href="#link8note-67" id="link8noteref-67">67</a> which concerns thy + house: <a href="#link8note-68" id="link8noteref-68">68</a> for if thou shalt remain safe with thy house, many contests many times over repeated will the Hellenes have to pass through for their own - existence. <a href="#link8note-69" name="link8noteref-69" - id="link8noteref-69">69</a> Of Mardonios however, if he suffer any + existence. <a href="#link8note-69" id="link8noteref-69">69</a> Of Mardonios however, if he suffer any disaster, no account will be made; and if the Hellenes conquer they gain a victory which is no victory, having destroyed one who is but thy slave. Thou however wilt retire having done that for which thou didst make thy @@ -14487,8 +14109,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger this has happened to them twice before now. </p> <p> - 105. Of these Pedasians was Hermotimos.] <a href="#link8note-70" - name="link8noteref-70" id="link8noteref-70">70</a> And this man of all + 105. Of these Pedasians was Hermotimos.] <a href="#link8note-70" id="link8noteref-70">70</a> And this man of all persons whom we know up to this time obtained the greatest revenge for a wrong done to him. For he had been captured by enemies and was being sold, and Panionios a man of Chios bought him, one who had set himself to gain @@ -14520,7 +14141,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger make me to be that which is nought instead of a man? Didst thou suppose that thou wouldest escape the notice of the gods for such things as then thou didst devise? They however following the rule of justice delivered <a - href="#link8note-71" name="link8noteref-71" id="link8noteref-71">71</a> + href="#link8note-71" id="link8noteref-71">71</a> thee into my hands, since thou hadst done impious deeds; so that thou shalt not have reason to find fault with the penalty which shall be inflicted upon thee by me." When he had thus reproached him, the man's @@ -14528,7 +14149,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger eunuchs of his own sons, who were four in number, and being compelled he did so; and then when he had so done, the sons were compelled to do the same thing to him. Thus vengeance by the hands of Hermotimos <a - href="#link8note-72" name="link8noteref-72" id="link8noteref-72">72</a> + href="#link8note-72" id="link8noteref-72">72</a> overtook Panionios. </p> <p> @@ -14558,15 +14179,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger afterwards sail straight to the Hellespont to break up the bridges; but Eurybiades expressed the opposite opinion to this, saying that if they should break up the floating-bridges, they would therein do <a - href="#link8note-73" name="link8noteref-73" id="link8noteref-73">73</a> + href="#link8note-73" id="link8noteref-73">73</a> the greatest possible evil to Hellas: for if the Persian should be cut off and compelled to remain in Europe, he would endeavour not to remain still, since if he remained still, neither could any of his affairs go forward, nor would any way of returning home appear; but his army would perish of hunger: whereas if he made the attempt and persevered in it, all Europe might be brought over to him, city by city and nation by nation, the - inhabitants being either conquered <a href="#link8note-74" - name="link8noteref-74" id="link8noteref-74">74</a> or surrendering on + inhabitants being either conquered <a href="#link8note-74" id="link8noteref-74">74</a> or surrendering on terms before they were conquered: moreover they would have for food the crops of the Hellenes which grew year by year. He thought however that conquered in the sea-fight the Persian would not stay in Europe, and @@ -14578,11 +14198,9 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 109. When Themistocles perceived that he would not be able to persuade them, or at least the greater number of them, to sail to the Hellespont, - he changed his counsel <a href="#link8note-75" name="link8noteref-75" - id="link8noteref-75">75</a> and turning to the Athenians (for these were + he changed his counsel <a href="#link8note-75" id="link8noteref-75">75</a> and turning to the Athenians (for these were grieved most at the escape of the enemy and were anxious to sail to the - Hellespont even by themselves alone, <a href="#link8note-76" - name="link8noteref-76" id="link8noteref-76">76</a> if the others were not + Hellespont even by themselves alone, <a href="#link8note-76" id="link8noteref-76">76</a> if the others were not willing) to them he spoke as follows: "I myself also have been present before now on many occasions, and have heard of many more, on which something of this kind came to pass, namely that men who were forced into @@ -14593,8 +14211,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger for of these things not we were the doors, but the gods and heroes, who grudged that one man should become king of both Asia and of Europe, and he a man unholy and presumptuous, one who made no difference between things - sacred and things profane, <a href="#link8note-77" name="link8noteref-77" - id="link8noteref-77">77</a> burning and casting down the images of the + sacred and things profane, <a href="#link8note-77" id="link8noteref-77">77</a> burning and casting down the images of the gods, and who also scourged the Sea and let down into it fetters. But as things are at present, it is well that we should now remain in Hellas and look after ourselves and our households; and let each man repair his @@ -14608,8 +14225,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 110. Themistocles then speaking thus endeavoured to deceive them, and the Athenians followed his advice: for he had had the reputation even in - former times of being a man of ability <a href="#link8note-78" - name="link8noteref-78" id="link8noteref-78">78</a> and he had now proved + former times of being a man of ability <a href="#link8note-78" id="link8noteref-78">78</a> and he had now proved himself to be in truth both able and of good judgment; therefore they were ready in every way to follow his advice when he spoke. So when these had been persuaded by him, forthwith after this Themistocles sent men with a @@ -14635,20 +14251,20 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger money, they replied to this that not without reason, as it now appeared, was Athens great and prosperous, since the Athenians were well supplied with serviceable deities; but as for the Andrians, they were poor, <a - href="#link8note-79" name="link8noteref-79" id="link8noteref-79">79</a> + href="#link8note-79" id="link8noteref-79">79</a> having in this respect attained to the greatest eminence, and there were two unprofitable deities which never left their island but always remained attached to the place, Poverty, namely, and Helplessness: and the Andrians being possessed of these deities would not give money; for never could the power of the Athenians get the better of their inability. <a - href="#link8note-80" name="link8noteref-80" id="link8noteref-80">80</a> + href="#link8note-80" id="link8noteref-80">80</a> </p> <p> 112. These, I say, having thus made answer and having refused to give the money, were being besieged: and Themistocles not ceasing in his desire for gain sent threatening messages to the other islands and asked them for money by the same envoys, employing those whom he had before sent to the - king; <a href="#link8note-81" name="link8noteref-81" id="link8noteref-81">81</a> + king; <a href="#link8note-81" id="link8noteref-81">81</a> and he said that if they did not give that which was demanded of them, he would bring the fleet of the Hellenes against them to besiege and take them. Thus saying he collected great sums of money from the Carystians and @@ -14675,10 +14291,8 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger their commander Hydarnes (for Hydarnes said that he would not be left behind by the king), and after them of the other Persians those who wore cuirasses, and the body of a thousand horse: also the Medes, Sacans, - Bactrians and Indians, foot and horsemen both. <a href="#link8note-82" - name="link8noteref-82" id="link8noteref-82">82</a> These nations he chose - in the mass, <a href="#link8note-83" name="link8noteref-83" - id="link8noteref-83">83</a> but from the other allies he selected by few + Bactrians and Indians, foot and horsemen both. <a href="#link8note-82" id="link8noteref-82">82</a> These nations he chose + in the mass, <a href="#link8note-83" id="link8noteref-83">83</a> but from the other allies he selected by few at a time, choosing whose who had fine appearance of those of whom he knew that they had done good service. From the Persians he chose more than from any other single nation, and these wore collars of twisted metal and @@ -14705,7 +14319,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Xerxes leaving Mardonios in Thessaly went on himself in haste to the Hellespont and arrived at the passage where the crossing was in five-and-thirty days, bringing back next to nothing, as one may say, <a - href="#link8note-84" name="link8noteref-84" id="link8noteref-84">84</a> of + href="#link8note-84" id="link8noteref-84">84</a> of his army: and whithersoever they came on the march and to whatever nation, they seized the crops of that people and used them for provisions; and if they found no crops, then they took the grass which was growing up from @@ -14747,12 +14361,11 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 118. There is also another story reported as follows, namely that when - Xerxes on his march away from Athens came to Eïon on the Strymon, from + Xerxes on his march away from Athens came to Eïon on the Strymon, from that point he did not continue further to make marches by road, but delivered his army to Hydarnes to lead back to the Hellespont, while he himself embarked in a Phenician ship and set forth for Asia; and as he - sailed he was seized by a wind from the Strymon, <a href="#link8note-85" - name="link8noteref-85" id="link8noteref-85">85</a> violent and raising + sailed he was seized by a wind from the Strymon, <a href="#link8note-85" id="link8noteref-85">85</a> violent and raising great waves; and since he was tossed by the storm more and more, the ship being heavily laden (for there were upon the deck great numbers of Persians, those namely who went with Xerxes), the king upon that falling @@ -14790,7 +14403,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger (though I for my part can by no means believe it), he loosed his girdle for the first time during his flight back from Athens, considering himself to be in security. Now Abdera is situated further towards the Hellespont - than the river Strymon and Eïon, from which place the story says that he + than the river Strymon and Eïon, from which place the story says that he embarked in the ship. </p> <p> @@ -14801,8 +14414,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger triremes, one to be dedicated as an offering at the Isthmus, which remained there still up to my time, another at Sunion, and the third to Ajax in Salamis where they were. After this they divided the spoil among - themselves and sent the first-fruits <a href="#link8note-86" - name="link8noteref-86" id="link8noteref-86">86</a> to Delphi, of which was + themselves and sent the first-fruits <a href="#link8note-86" id="link8noteref-86">86</a> to Delphi, of which was made a statue holding in its hand the beak of a ship and in height measuring twelve cubits. This statue stood in the same place with the golden statue of Alexander the Macedonian. @@ -14815,15 +14427,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger he demanded the offering of their prize of valour for the sea-fight at Salamis. Hearing this the Eginetans dedicated golden stars, three in number, upon a ship's mast of bronze, which are placed in the corner <a - href="#link8note-87" name="link8noteref-87" id="link8noteref-87">87</a> + href="#link8note-87" id="link8noteref-87">87</a> close to the mixing-bowl of Croesus. </p> <p> 123. After the division of the spoil the Hellenes sailed to the Isthmus, to give the prize of valour to him who of all the Hellenes had proved himself the most worthy during this war: and when they had come thither - and the commanders distributed <a href="#link8note-88" - name="link8noteref-88" id="link8noteref-88">88</a> their votes at the + and the commanders distributed <a href="#link8note-88" id="link8noteref-88">88</a> their votes at the altar of Poseidon, selecting from the whole number the first and the second in merit, then every one of them gave in his vote for himself, each man thinking that he himself had been the best; but for the second place @@ -14835,8 +14446,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 124, and although the Hellenes would not give decision of this by reason of envy, but sailed away each to their own city without deciding, yet Themistocles was loudly reported of and was esteemed throughout Hellas to - be the man who was the ablest <a href="#link8note-89" - name="link8noteref-89" id="link8noteref-89">89</a> by far of the Hellenes: + be the man who was the ablest <a href="#link8note-89" id="link8noteref-89">89</a> by far of the Hellenes: and since he had not received honour from those who had fought at Salamis, although he was the first in the voting, he went forthwith after this to Lacedemon, desiring to receive honour there; and the Lacedemonians @@ -14846,7 +14456,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger chariot which was judged to be the best in Sparta. So having much commended him, they escorted him on his departure with three hundred picked men of the Spartans, the same who are called the "horsemen," <a - href="#link8note-90" name="link8noteref-90" id="link8noteref-90">90</a> as + href="#link8note-90" id="link8noteref-90">90</a> as far as the boundaries of Tegea: and he is the only man of all we know to whom the Spartans ever gave escort on his way. </p> @@ -14858,8 +14468,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger account of Athens that he had those marks of honour which he had from the Lacedemonians, and not on his own account. Then, as Timodemos continued ceaselessly to repeat this, Themistocles said: "I tell thee thus it is:—if - I had been a native of Belbina <a href="#link8note-91" - name="link8noteref-91" id="link8noteref-91">91</a> I should never have + I had been a native of Belbina <a href="#link8note-91" id="link8noteref-91">91</a> I should never have been thus honoured by the Spartans; but neither wouldest thou, my friend, for all that thou art an Athenian." So far then went these matters. </p> @@ -14867,8 +14476,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 126. Artabazos meanwhile the son of Pharnakes, a man who was held in esteem among the Persians even before this and came to be so yet more after the events about Plataia, was escorting the king as far as the - passage with six myriads <a href="#link8note-92" name="link8noteref-92" - id="link8noteref-92">92</a> of that army which Mardonios had selected for + passage with six myriads <a href="#link8note-92" id="link8noteref-92">92</a> of that army which Mardonios had selected for himself; and when the king was in Asia and Artabazos on his march back came near to Pallene, finding that Mardonios was wintering in Thessaly and Macedonia and was not at present urgent with him to come and join the rest @@ -14884,7 +14492,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger besiege this city too, which was occupied by Bottiaians who had been driven away from the Thermaian gulf by the Macedonians. So when he had taken these men by siege, he brought them forth to a lake and slew them <a - href="#link8note-93" name="link8noteref-93" id="link8noteref-93">93</a> + href="#link8note-93" id="link8noteref-93">93</a> there; and the city he delivered to Critobulos of Torone to have in charge, and to the natives of Chalkidike; and thus it was that the Chalkidians got possession of Olynthos. @@ -14897,8 +14505,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger part am not able to say, for this is not reported; at last however it happened as follows. Whenever either Timoxeinos wrote a paper wishing to send it to Artabazos, or Artabazos wishing to send one to Timoxeinos, they - wound it round by the finger-notches <a href="#link8note-94" - name="link8noteref-94" id="link8noteref-94">94</a> of an arrow, and then, + wound it round by the finger-notches <a href="#link8note-94" id="link8noteref-94">94</a> of an arrow, and then, putting feathers over the paper, they shot it to a place agreed upon between them. It came however to be found out that Timoxeinos was attempting by treachery to give up Potidaia; for Artabazos, shooting an @@ -14908,8 +14515,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger arrow and having discovered the paper carried it to the commanders. Now there was present an allied force of the other men of Pallene also. Then when the commanders had read the paper and discovered who was guilty of - the treachery, they resolved not openly to convict <a href="#link8note-95" - name="link8noteref-95" id="link8noteref-95">95</a> Timoxeinos of + the treachery, they resolved not openly to convict <a href="#link8note-95" id="link8noteref-95">95</a> Timoxeinos of treachery, for the sake of the city of Skione, lest the men of Skione should be esteemed traitors for all time to come. </p> @@ -14918,8 +14524,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger months had gone by while Artabazos was besieging the town, there came to be a great ebb of the sea backwards, which lasted for a long time; and the Barbarians, seeing that shallow water had been produced, endeavoured to - get by into the peninsula of Pallene, <a href="#link8note-96" - name="link8noteref-96" id="link8noteref-96">96</a> but when they had + get by into the peninsula of Pallene, <a href="#link8note-96" id="link8noteref-96">96</a> but when they had passed through two fifth-parts of the distance, and yet three-fifths remained, which they must pass through before they were within Pallene, then there came upon them a great flood-tide of the sea, higher than ever @@ -14940,11 +14545,10 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger over from the Chersonese to Abydos, passed the winter at Kyme: and when spring dawned upon it, it assembled early at Samos, where some of the ships had even passed the winter; and most of the Persians and Medes still - served as fighting-men on board of them. <a href="#link8note-97" - name="link8noteref-97" id="link8noteref-97">97</a> To be commanders of - them there came Mardontes the son of Bagaios, and Artaÿntes the son of + served as fighting-men on board of them. <a href="#link8note-97" id="link8noteref-97">97</a> To be commanders of + them there came Mardontes the son of Bagaios, and Artaÿntes the son of Artachaies, and with them also Ithamitres was in joint command, who was - brother's son to Artaÿntes and had been added by the choice of Artaÿntes + brother's son to Artaÿntes and had been added by the choice of Artaÿntes himself. They then, since they had suffered a heavy blow, did not advance further up towards the West, nor did any one compel them to do so; but they remained still in Samos and kept watch over Ionia, lest it should @@ -14966,15 +14570,12 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger was the son of Menares, the son of Hegesilaos, the son of Hippocratides, the son of Leotychides, the son of Anaxilaos, the son of Archidemos, the son of Anaxandriddes, the son of Theopompos, the son of Nicander, the son - of Charilaos, <a href="#link8note-98" name="link8noteref-98" - id="link8noteref-98">98</a> the son of Eunomos, the son of Polydectes, the - son of Prytanis, the son of Euryphon, <a href="#link8note-99" - name="link8noteref-99" id="link8noteref-99">99</a> the son of Procles, the + of Charilaos, <a href="#link8note-98" id="link8noteref-98">98</a> the son of Eunomos, the son of Polydectes, the + son of Prytanis, the son of Euryphon, <a href="#link8note-99" id="link8noteref-99">99</a> the son of Procles, the son of Aristodemos, the son of Aristomachos, the son of Cleodaios, the son of Hyllos, the son of Heracles, being of the other royal house. <a - href="#link8note-100" name="link8noteref-100" id="link8noteref-100">100</a> - These all, except the two <a href="#link8note-101" name="link8noteref-101" - id="link8noteref-101">101</a> enumerated first after Leotychides, had been + href="#link8note-100" id="link8noteref-100">100</a> + These all, except the two <a href="#link8note-101" id="link8noteref-101">101</a> enumerated first after Leotychides, had been kings of Sparta. And of the Athenians the commander was Xanthippos the son of Ariphon. </p> @@ -15002,9 +14603,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 133. The Hellenes, I say, sailed to Delos; and Mardonios meanwhile had been wintering in Thessaly. From thence he sent round a man, a native of Europos, whose name was Mys, to the various Oracles, charging him to go - everywhere to consult, <a href="#link8note-102" name="link8noteref-102" - id="link8noteref-102">102</a> wherever they <a href="#link8note-103" - name="link8noteref-103" id="link8noteref-103">103</a> were permitted to + everywhere to consult, <a href="#link8note-102" id="link8noteref-102">102</a> wherever they <a href="#link8note-103" id="link8noteref-103">103</a> were permitted to make trial of the Oracles. What he desired to find out from the Oracles when he gave this charge, I am not able to say, for that is not reported; but I conceive for my part that he sent to consult about his present @@ -15030,14 +14629,13 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Thebans to have come to pass:—it seems that this man Mys of Europos, as he journeyed round to all the Oracles, came also to the sacred enclosure of the Ptoan Apollo. This temple is called "Ptoon," and belongs - to the Thebans, and it lies above the lake Copaïs at the foot of the + to the Thebans, and it lies above the lake Copaïs at the foot of the mountains, close to the town of Acraiphia. When the man called Mys came to this temple with three men chosen from the citizens <a - href="#link8note-104" name="link8noteref-104" id="link8noteref-104">104</a> + href="#link8note-104" id="link8noteref-104">104</a> in his company, who were sent by the public authority to write down that which the god should utter in his divination, forthwith it is said the - prophet <a href="#link8note-105" name="link8noteref-105" - id="link8noteref-105">105</a> of the god began to give the oracle in a + prophet <a href="#link8note-105" id="link8noteref-105">105</a> of the god began to give the oracle in a Barbarian tongue; and while those of the Thebans who accompanied him were full of wonder, hearing a Barbarian instead of the Hellenic tongue, and did not know what to make of the matter before them, it is said that the @@ -15051,11 +14649,9 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger was, after this sent as an envoy to Athens Alexander the son of Amyntas, the Macedonian, both because the Persians were connected with him by marriage, (for Gygaia the sister of Alexander and daughter of Amyntas had - been married to a Persian Bubares, <a href="#link8note-106" - name="link8noteref-106" id="link8noteref-106">106</a> and from her had + been married to a Persian Bubares, <a href="#link8note-106" id="link8noteref-106">106</a> and from her had been born to him that Amyntas who lived in Asia, having the name of his - mother's father, to whom the king gave Alabanda, <a href="#link8note-107" - name="link8noteref-107" id="link8noteref-107">107</a> a great city of + mother's father, to whom the king gave Alabanda, <a href="#link8note-107" id="link8noteref-107">107</a> a great city of Phrygia, to possess), and also Mardonios was sending him because he was informed that Alexander was a public guest-friend and benefactor of the Athenians; for by this means he thought that he would be most likely to @@ -15071,18 +14667,17 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger was sending in obedience to their advice. </p> <p> - 137. Now of this Alexander the seventh ancestor <a href="#link8note-108" - name="link8noteref-108" id="link8noteref-108">108</a> was that Perdiccas + 137. Now of this Alexander the seventh ancestor <a href="#link8note-108" id="link8noteref-108">108</a> was that Perdiccas who first became despot of the Macedonians, and that in the manner which here follows:—From Argos there fled to the Illyrians three brothers - of the descendents of Temenos, Gauanes, Aëropos, and Perdiccas; and + of the descendents of Temenos, Gauanes, Aëropos, and Perdiccas; and passing over from the Illyrians into the upper parts of Macedonia they came to the city of Lebaia. There they became farm-servants for pay in the household of the king, one pasturing horses, the second oxen, and the youngest of them, namely Perdiccas, the smaller kinds of cattle; for <a - href="#link8note-109" name="link8noteref-109" id="link8noteref-109">109</a> + href="#link8note-109" id="link8noteref-109">109</a> in ancient times even those who were rulers over men <a - href="#link8note-110" name="link8noteref-110" id="link8noteref-110">110</a> + href="#link8note-110" id="link8noteref-110">110</a> were poor in money, and not the common people only; and the wife of the king cooked for them their food herself. And whenever she baked, the loaf of the boy their servant, namely Perdiccas, became double as large as by @@ -15095,7 +14690,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger shining into the house down through the opening which received the smoke, and the king when he heard about the wages said, being infatuated by a divine power: "I pay you then this for wages, and it is such as ye - deserve," pointing to the sunlight. So then Gauanes and Aëropos the elder + deserve," pointing to the sunlight. So then Gauanes and Aëropos the elder brothers stood struck with amazement when they heard this, but the boy, who happened to have in his hand a knife, said these words: "We accept, O king, that which thou dost give;" and he traced a line with his knife @@ -15123,7 +14718,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 139. From this Perdiccas the descent of Alexander was as follows:—Alexander was the son of Amyntas, Amyntas was the son of Alketes, the father of - Alketes was Aëropos, of him Philip, of Philip Argaios, and of this last + Alketes was Aëropos, of him Philip, of Philip Argaios, and of this last the father was Perdiccas, who first obtained the kingdom. </p> <p> @@ -15161,7 +14756,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger more upon the highway than any of your allies, and are exposed ever to destruction alone, the land which ye possess being parted off from the rest and lying between the armies which are contending together. <a - href="#link8note-111" name="link8noteref-111" id="link8noteref-111">111</a> + href="#link8note-111" id="link8noteref-111">111</a> Nay, but be persuaded, for this is a matter of great consequence to you, that to you alone of the Hellenes the great king remits the offences committed and desires to become a friend." @@ -15174,8 +14769,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Peloponnese by the Medes and the Athenians combined, had been very greatly afraid lest the Athenians should make a treaty with the Persians; and forthwith they had resolved to send envoys. It happened moreover that they - were introduced at the same time with Alexander; <a href="#link8note-112" - name="link8noteref-112" id="link8noteref-112">112</a> for the Athenians + were introduced at the same time with Alexander; <a href="#link8note-112" id="link8noteref-112">112</a> for the Athenians had waited for them, protracting the time, because they were well assured that the Lacedemonians would hear that an envoy had come from the Barbarians to make a treaty, and that having heard it they would @@ -15217,8 +14811,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Barbarian, for we on our part shall not be persuaded. And now report to Mardonios that the Athenians say thus:—So long as the Sun goes on the same course by which he goes now, we will never make an agreement with - Xerxes; but we will go forth to defend ourselves <a href="#link8note-113" - name="link8noteref-113" id="link8noteref-113">113</a> against him, + Xerxes; but we will go forth to defend ourselves <a href="#link8note-113" id="link8noteref-113">113</a> against him, trusting in the gods and the heroes as allies, for whom he had no respect when he set fire to their houses and to their sacred images. And in the future do not thou appear before the Athenians with any such proposals as @@ -15230,8 +14823,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 144. To Alexander they thus made answer, but to the envoys from Sparta as follows: "That the Lacedemonians should be afraid lest we should make a - treaty with the Barbarian was natural no doubt; <a href="#link8note-114" - name="link8noteref-114" id="link8noteref-114">114</a> but it seems to be + treaty with the Barbarian was natural no doubt; <a href="#link8note-114" id="link8noteref-114">114</a> but it seems to be an unworthy fear for men who know so well the spirit of the Athenians, namely that there is neither so great quantity of gold anywhere upon the earth, nor any land so much excelling in beauty and goodness, that we @@ -15261,270 +14853,269 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Sparta. </p> <p> - ————— <a name="link82H_NOTE" - id="link82H_NOTE"> + ————— <a id="link82H_NOTE"> <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> </p> <div style="height: 4em;"> - <br /><br /><br /><br /> + <br ><br ><br ><br > </div> <h2> NOTES TO BOOK VIII </h2> <p> - <a name="link8note-1" id="link8note-1"> + <a id="link8note-1"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 1 (<a href="#link8noteref-1">return</a>)<br /> [ See v. 77.] + 1 (<a href="#link8noteref-1">return</a>)<br > [ See v. 77.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-2" id="link8note-2"> + <a id="link8note-2"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 2 (<a href="#link8noteref-2">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. triremes.] + 2 (<a href="#link8noteref-2">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. triremes.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-3" id="link8note-3"> + <a id="link8note-3"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 3 (<a href="#link8noteref-3">return</a>)<br /> [ {os to plethos ekastoi ton + 3 (<a href="#link8noteref-3">return</a>)<br > [ {os to plethos ekastoi ton neon pareikhonto}: some read by conjecture {oson to plethos k.t.l.}] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-4" id="link8note-4"> + <a id="link8note-4"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 4 (<a href="#link8noteref-4">return</a>)<br /> [ Perhaps "also" refers to + 4 (<a href="#link8noteref-4">return</a>)<br > [ Perhaps "also" refers to the case of those who had come to Thermopylai, cp. vii. 207: Others translate, "these Hellenes who had come <i>after all</i> to Artemision," i.e. after all the doubt and delay.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-5" id="link8note-5"> + <a id="link8note-5"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 5 (<a href="#link8noteref-5">return</a>)<br /> [ {pantes}: some MSS. have + 5 (<a href="#link8noteref-5">return</a>)<br > [ {pantes}: some MSS. have {plegentes}, which is adopted by most Editors, "smitten by bribes."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-6" id="link8note-6"> + <a id="link8note-6"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 6 (<a href="#link8noteref-6">return</a>)<br /> [ {dethen}, with ironical + 6 (<a href="#link8noteref-6">return</a>)<br > [ {dethen}, with ironical sense.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-7" id="link8note-7"> + <a id="link8note-7"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 7 (<a href="#link8noteref-7">return</a>)<br /> [ {mede purphoron}: the + 7 (<a href="#link8noteref-7">return</a>)<br > [ {mede purphoron}: the {purphoros} had charge of the fire brought for sacrifices from the altar of Zeus Agetor at Sparta, and ordinarily his person would be regarded as sacred; hence the proverb {oude purphoros esothe}, used of an utter defeat.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-8" id="link8note-8"> + <a id="link8note-8"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 8 (<a href="#link8noteref-8">return</a>)<br /> [ {tou diekploou}.] + 8 (<a href="#link8noteref-8">return</a>)<br > [ {tou diekploou}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-9" id="link8note-9"> + <a id="link8note-9"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 9 (<a href="#link8noteref-9">return</a>)<br /> [ {kata stoma}.] + 9 (<a href="#link8noteref-9">return</a>)<br > [ {kata stoma}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-10" id="link8note-10"> + <a id="link8note-10"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 10 (<a href="#link8noteref-10">return</a>)<br /> [ {sklerai brontai}: the + 10 (<a href="#link8noteref-10">return</a>)<br > [ {sklerai brontai}: the adjective means "harsh-sounding."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-11" id="link8note-11"> + <a id="link8note-11"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 11 (<a href="#link8noteref-11">return</a>)<br /> [ {akhari}.] + 11 (<a href="#link8noteref-11">return</a>)<br > [ {akhari}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-12" id="link8note-12"> + <a id="link8note-12"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 12 (<a href="#link8noteref-12">return</a>)<br /> [ {ta Koila tes Euboies}.] + 12 (<a href="#link8noteref-12">return</a>)<br > [ {ta Koila tes Euboies}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-13" id="link8note-13"> + <a id="link8note-13"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 13 (<a href="#link8noteref-13">return</a>)<br /> [ "having been roughly + 13 (<a href="#link8noteref-13">return</a>)<br > [ "having been roughly handled."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-14" id="link8note-14"> + <a id="link8note-14"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 14 (<a href="#link8noteref-14">return</a>)<br /> [ {epi ten thalassan + 14 (<a href="#link8noteref-14">return</a>)<br > [ {epi ten thalassan tauten}: some MSS. read {taute} for {tauten}, which is to be taken with {sullexas}, "he assembled the generals there."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-15" id="link8note-15"> + <a id="link8note-15"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 15 (<a href="#link8noteref-15">return</a>)<br /> [ {peripetea epoiesanto + 15 (<a href="#link8noteref-15">return</a>)<br > [ {peripetea epoiesanto sphisi autoisi ta pregmata}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-16" id="link8note-16"> + <a id="link8note-16"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 16 (<a href="#link8noteref-16">return</a>)<br /> [ {paleseie}, a word which + 16 (<a href="#link8noteref-16">return</a>)<br > [ {paleseie}, a word which does not occur elsewhere, and is explained by Hesychius as equivalent to {diaphtharein}. Various emendations have been proposed, and Valla seems to have had the reading {apelaseie}, for he says <i>discessisset</i>. Stein explains {paleseie} (as from {pale}) "should contend."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-17" id="link8note-17"> + <a id="link8note-17"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 17 (<a href="#link8noteref-17">return</a>)<br /> [ Some suppose the number + 17 (<a href="#link8noteref-17">return</a>)<br > [ Some suppose the number "four thousand" is interpolated by misunderstanding of the inscription in vii. 228; and it seems hardly possible that the dead were so many as four thousand, unless at least half were Helots.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-18" id="link8note-18"> + <a id="link8note-18"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 18 (<a href="#link8noteref-18">return</a>)<br /> [ Some MSS. have + 18 (<a href="#link8noteref-18">return</a>)<br > [ Some MSS. have "Tritantaichmes," which is adopted by many Editors.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-19" id="link8note-19"> + <a id="link8note-19"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 19 (<a href="#link8noteref-19">return</a>)<br /> [ {neou}.] + 19 (<a href="#link8noteref-19">return</a>)<br > [ {neou}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-20" id="link8note-20"> + <a id="link8note-20"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 20 (<a href="#link8noteref-20">return</a>)<br /> [ {os anarpasomenoi tous + 20 (<a href="#link8noteref-20">return</a>)<br > [ {os anarpasomenoi tous Phokeas}: cp. ix. 60.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-21" id="link8note-21"> + <a id="link8note-21"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 21 (<a href="#link8noteref-21">return</a>)<br /> [ {podeon steinos}, like + 21 (<a href="#link8noteref-21">return</a>)<br > [ {podeon steinos}, like the neck of a wineskin; cp. ii. 121, note [Footnote 102.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-22" id="link8note-22"> + <a id="link8note-22"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 22 (<a href="#link8noteref-22">return</a>)<br /> [ {tou propheten}, the + 22 (<a href="#link8noteref-22">return</a>)<br > [ {tou propheten}, the interpreter of the utterances of the {promantis}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-23" id="link8note-23"> + <a id="link8note-23"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 23 (<a href="#link8noteref-23">return</a>)<br /> [ {neou}.] + 23 (<a href="#link8noteref-23">return</a>)<br > [ {neou}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-24" id="link8note-24"> + <a id="link8note-24"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 24 (<a href="#link8noteref-24">return</a>)<br /> [ {megarou}.] + 24 (<a href="#link8noteref-24">return</a>)<br > [ {megarou}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-25" id="link8note-25"> + <a id="link8note-25"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 25 (<a href="#link8noteref-25">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. of Athene Polias, + 25 (<a href="#link8noteref-25">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. of Athene Polias, the Erechtheion; so throughout this account.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-26" id="link8note-26"> + <a id="link8note-26"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 26 (<a href="#link8noteref-26">return</a>)<br /> [ {sunerree}, "kept + 26 (<a href="#link8noteref-26">return</a>)<br > [ {sunerree}, "kept flowing together."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-2601" id="link8note-2601"> + <a id="link8note-2601"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 2601 (<a href="#link8noteref-2601">return</a>)<br /> [ Or, "Hermione."] + 2601 (<a href="#link8noteref-2601">return</a>)<br > [ Or, "Hermione."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-27" id="link8note-27"> + <a id="link8note-27"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 27 (<a href="#link8noteref-27">return</a>)<br /> [ See i. 56.] + 27 (<a href="#link8noteref-27">return</a>)<br > [ See i. 56.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-28" id="link8note-28"> + <a id="link8note-28"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 28 (<a href="#link8noteref-28">return</a>)<br /> [ See ch. 31.] + 28 (<a href="#link8noteref-28">return</a>)<br > [ See ch. 31.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-29" id="link8note-29"> + <a id="link8note-29"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 29 (<a href="#link8noteref-29">return</a>)<br /> [ {pros pantas tous + 29 (<a href="#link8noteref-29">return</a>)<br > [ {pros pantas tous allous}, "in comparison with all the rest," cp. iii. 94.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-30" id="link8note-30"> + <a id="link8note-30"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 30 (<a href="#link8noteref-30">return</a>)<br /> [ {stratarkheo}: a vague + 30 (<a href="#link8noteref-30">return</a>)<br > [ {stratarkheo}: a vague expression, because being introduced after Kecrops he could not have the title of king.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-31" id="link8note-31"> + <a id="link8note-31"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 31 (<a href="#link8noteref-31">return</a>)<br /> [ The number obtained by + 31 (<a href="#link8noteref-31">return</a>)<br > [ The number obtained by adding up the separate contingents is 366. Many Editors suppose that the ships with which the Eginetans were guarding their own coast (ch. 46) are counted here, and quote the authority of Pausanias for the statement that @@ -15532,190 +15123,190 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Stein suggests the insertion of the number twelve in ch. 46.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-3101" id="link8note-3101"> + <a id="link8note-3101"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 3101 (<a href="#link8noteref-3101">return</a>)<br /> [ Or, "Thespeia."] + 3101 (<a href="#link8noteref-3101">return</a>)<br > [ Or, "Thespeia."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-32" id="link8note-32"> + <a id="link8note-32"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 32 (<a href="#link8noteref-32">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. "Areopagus."] + 32 (<a href="#link8noteref-32">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. "Areopagus."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-33" id="link8note-33"> + <a id="link8note-33"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 33 (<a href="#link8noteref-33">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. the North side.] + 33 (<a href="#link8noteref-33">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. the North side.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-34" id="link8note-34"> + <a id="link8note-34"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 34 (<a href="#link8noteref-34">return</a>)<br /> [ {megaron}.] + 34 (<a href="#link8noteref-34">return</a>)<br > [ {megaron}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-35" id="link8note-35"> + <a id="link8note-35"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 35 (<a href="#link8noteref-35">return</a>)<br /> [ {neos}.] + 35 (<a href="#link8noteref-35">return</a>)<br > [ {neos}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-36" id="link8note-36"> + <a id="link8note-36"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 36 (<a href="#link8noteref-36">return</a>)<br /> [ {pollos en en tois + 36 (<a href="#link8noteref-36">return</a>)<br > [ {pollos en en tois logois}: cp. ix. 91.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-37" id="link8note-37"> + <a id="link8note-37"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 37 (<a href="#link8noteref-37">return</a>)<br /> [ See vii. 141-143.] + 37 (<a href="#link8noteref-37">return</a>)<br > [ See vii. 141-143.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-38" id="link8note-38"> + <a id="link8note-38"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 38 (<a href="#link8noteref-38">return</a>)<br /> [ {autothen ik + 38 (<a href="#link8noteref-38">return</a>)<br > [ {autothen ik Salaminos}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-39" id="link8note-39"> + <a id="link8note-39"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 39 (<a href="#link8noteref-39">return</a>)<br /> [ {te Metri kai te Koure}, + 39 (<a href="#link8noteref-39">return</a>)<br > [ {te Metri kai te Koure}, Demeter and Persephone.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-40" id="link8note-40"> + <a id="link8note-40"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 40 (<a href="#link8noteref-40">return</a>)<br /> [ {te anakrisi}: cp. + 40 (<a href="#link8noteref-40">return</a>)<br > [ {te anakrisi}: cp. {anakrinomenous}, ix. 56: Some Editors, following inferior MSS., read {te krisi}, "at the judgment expressed."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-41" id="link8note-41"> + <a id="link8note-41"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 41 (<a href="#link8noteref-41">return</a>)<br /> [ {muriadon}, "ten + 41 (<a href="#link8noteref-41">return</a>)<br > [ {muriadon}, "ten thousands."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-42" id="link8note-42"> + <a id="link8note-42"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 42 (<a href="#link8noteref-42">return</a>)<br /> [ Or, "Hermione."] + 42 (<a href="#link8noteref-42">return</a>)<br > [ Or, "Hermione."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-43" id="link8note-43"> + <a id="link8note-43"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 43 (<a href="#link8noteref-43">return</a>)<br /> [ {oi perioikoi}: some + 43 (<a href="#link8noteref-43">return</a>)<br > [ {oi perioikoi}: some Editors omit the article and translate "and these are the so-called Orneates or dwellers round (Argos)," Orneates being a name for the {perioikoi} of Argos, derived from the conquered city of Orneai.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-44" id="link8note-44"> + <a id="link8note-44"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 44 (<a href="#link8noteref-44">return</a>)<br /> [ {elpidi mainomene}, + 44 (<a href="#link8noteref-44">return</a>)<br > [ {elpidi mainomene}, "with a mad hope."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-45" id="link8note-45"> + <a id="link8note-45"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 45 (<a href="#link8noteref-45">return</a>)<br /> [ {krateron Koron Ubrios + 45 (<a href="#link8noteref-45">return</a>)<br > [ {krateron Koron Ubrios uion}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-46" id="link8note-46"> + <a id="link8note-46"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 46 (<a href="#link8noteref-46">return</a>)<br /> [ {dokeunt ana panta + 46 (<a href="#link8noteref-46">return</a>)<br > [ {dokeunt ana panta tithesthai}: the MSS. have also {pithesthai}. Possibly {tithesthai} might stand, though {anatithesthai} is not found elsewhere in this sense. Stein adopts in his last edition the conjecture {piesthai}, "swallow up."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-47" id="link8note-47"> + <a id="link8note-47"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 47 (<a href="#link8noteref-47">return</a>)<br /> [ {Kronides}.] + 47 (<a href="#link8noteref-47">return</a>)<br > [ {Kronides}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-48" id="link8note-48"> + <a id="link8note-48"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 48 (<a href="#link8noteref-48">return</a>)<br /> [ {potnia Nike}.] + 48 (<a href="#link8noteref-48">return</a>)<br > [ {potnia Nike}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-49" id="link8note-49"> + <a id="link8note-49"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 49 (<a href="#link8noteref-49">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. about rivalry.] + 49 (<a href="#link8noteref-49">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. about rivalry.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-50" id="link8note-50"> + <a id="link8note-50"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 50 (<a href="#link8noteref-50">return</a>)<br /> [ {ton epibateon}.] + 50 (<a href="#link8noteref-50">return</a>)<br > [ {ton epibateon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-51" id="link8note-51"> + <a id="link8note-51"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 51 (<a href="#link8noteref-51">return</a>)<br /> [ Many Editors reading + 51 (<a href="#link8noteref-51">return</a>)<br > [ Many Editors reading {osa de} and {parainesas de}, make the stop after {antitithemena}: "and in all that is produced in the nature and constitution of man he exhorted them to choose the better."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-52" id="link8note-52"> + <a id="link8note-52"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 52 (<a href="#link8noteref-52">return</a>)<br /> [ {o daimonioi}, "strange + 52 (<a href="#link8noteref-52">return</a>)<br > [ {o daimonioi}, "strange men."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-53" id="link8note-53"> + <a id="link8note-53"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 53 (<a href="#link8noteref-53">return</a>)<br /> [ See ch. 22.] + 53 (<a href="#link8noteref-53">return</a>)<br > [ See ch. 22.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-54" id="link8note-54"> + <a id="link8note-54"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 54 (<a href="#link8noteref-54">return</a>)<br /> [ {pros de eti kai + 54 (<a href="#link8noteref-54">return</a>)<br > [ {pros de eti kai proselabeto}: the MSS. have {prosebaleto}. Most Editors translate, "Moreover Ariamnes... contributed to the fate of the Phenicians, being a friend (of the Ionians);" but this does not seem possible unless we read @@ -15724,49 +15315,49 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger of {sumballesthai}.)] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-55" id="link8note-55"> + <a id="link8note-55"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 55 (<a href="#link8noteref-55">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. they who were + 55 (<a href="#link8noteref-55">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. they who were commanded to execute them.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-56" id="link8note-56"> + <a id="link8note-56"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 56 (<a href="#link8noteref-56">return</a>)<br /> [ See vii. 179, 181.] + 56 (<a href="#link8noteref-56">return</a>)<br > [ See vii. 179, 181.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-57" id="link8note-57"> + <a id="link8note-57"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 57 (<a href="#link8noteref-57">return</a>)<br /> [ See vi. 49, etc., and + 57 (<a href="#link8noteref-57">return</a>)<br > [ See vi. 49, etc., and 73.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-58" id="link8note-58"> + <a id="link8note-58"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 58 (<a href="#link8noteref-58">return</a>)<br /> [ {keleta}.] + 58 (<a href="#link8noteref-58">return</a>)<br > [ {keleta}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-59" id="link8note-59"> + <a id="link8note-59"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 59 (<a href="#link8noteref-59">return</a>)<br /> [ {sumballontai}: the + 59 (<a href="#link8noteref-59">return</a>)<br > [ {sumballontai}: the Athenians apparently are spoken of, for they alone believed the story.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-60" id="link8note-60"> + <a id="link8note-60"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 60 (<a href="#link8noteref-60">return</a>)<br /> [ {apoplesai}: this is the + 60 (<a href="#link8noteref-60">return</a>)<br > [ {apoplesai}: this is the reading of the MSS.; but many Editors adopt corrections ({apoplesthai} or {apoplesthenai}). The subject to {apoplesai} is to be found in the preceding sentence and the connexion with {ton te allon panta k.t.l.} is a @@ -15775,406 +15366,406 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Lysistratos.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-61" id="link8note-61"> + <a id="link8note-61"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 61 (<a href="#link8noteref-61">return</a>)<br /> [ {phruxousi}: a + 61 (<a href="#link8noteref-61">return</a>)<br > [ {phruxousi}: a conjectural emendation, adopted by most Editors, of {phrixousi}, "will shudder (at the sight of oars)."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-62" id="link8note-62"> + <a id="link8note-62"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 62 (<a href="#link8noteref-62">return</a>)<br /> [ {kat allon kai allon}: + 62 (<a href="#link8noteref-62">return</a>)<br > [ {kat allon kai allon}: the MSS. have {kat allon}, but Valla's rendering is "alium atque alium."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-63" id="link8note-63"> + <a id="link8note-63"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 63 (<a href="#link8noteref-63">return</a>)<br /> [ {uper megalon + 63 (<a href="#link8noteref-63">return</a>)<br > [ {uper megalon aiorethenta}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-64" id="link8note-64"> + <a id="link8note-64"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 64 (<a href="#link8noteref-64">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. 300,000.] + 64 (<a href="#link8noteref-64">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. 300,000.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-65" id="link8note-65"> + <a id="link8note-65"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 65 (<a href="#link8noteref-65">return</a>)<br /> [ {os ek kakon}: some + 65 (<a href="#link8noteref-65">return</a>)<br > [ {os ek kakon}: some translate, "thinking that he had escaped from his troubles."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-66" id="link8note-66"> + <a id="link8note-66"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 66 (<a href="#link8noteref-66">return</a>)<br /> [ {toisi epikletoisi}, cp. + 66 (<a href="#link8noteref-66">return</a>)<br > [ {toisi epikletoisi}, cp. vii. 8 and ix. 42.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-67" id="link8note-67"> + <a id="link8note-67"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 67 (<a href="#link8noteref-67">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. Asia, as opposed to + 67 (<a href="#link8noteref-67">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. Asia, as opposed to "these parts."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-68" id="link8note-68"> + <a id="link8note-68"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 68 (<a href="#link8noteref-68">return</a>)<br /> [ Stein would take {peri + 68 (<a href="#link8noteref-68">return</a>)<br > [ Stein would take {peri oikon ton son} with {oudemia sumphore}, but the order of words is against this.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-69" id="link8note-69"> + <a id="link8note-69"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 69 (<a href="#link8noteref-69">return</a>)<br /> [ {pollous pollakis agonas + 69 (<a href="#link8noteref-69">return</a>)<br > [ {pollous pollakis agonas drameontai peri spheon auton}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-70" id="link8note-70"> + <a id="link8note-70"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 70 (<a href="#link8noteref-70">return</a>)<br /> [ See i. 175: The manner + 70 (<a href="#link8noteref-70">return</a>)<br > [ See i. 175: The manner of the repetition and some points in the diction raise suspicion that the passage is interpolated here; and so it is held to be by most Editors. In i. 175 we find {tris} instead of {dis}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-71" id="link8note-71"> + <a id="link8note-71"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 71 (<a href="#link8noteref-71">return</a>)<br /> [ {upegagon}, cp. vi. 72, + 71 (<a href="#link8noteref-71">return</a>)<br > [ {upegagon}, cp. vi. 72, with the idea of bringing before a court for punishment, not "by underhand - means," as it is understood by Larcher and Bähr.] + means," as it is understood by Larcher and Bähr.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-72" id="link8note-72"> + <a id="link8note-72"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 72 (<a href="#link8noteref-72">return</a>)<br /> [ "vengeance and + 72 (<a href="#link8noteref-72">return</a>)<br > [ "vengeance and Hermotimos."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-73" id="link8note-73"> + <a id="link8note-73"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 73 (<a href="#link8noteref-73">return</a>)<br /> [ {spheis... ergasaiato}: + 73 (<a href="#link8noteref-73">return</a>)<br > [ {spheis... ergasaiato}: the MSS. read {sphi} (one {spheas}) and {ergasaito}, and this is retained by some Editors.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-74" id="link8note-74"> + <a id="link8note-74"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 74 (<a href="#link8noteref-74">return</a>)<br /> [ "taken."] + 74 (<a href="#link8noteref-74">return</a>)<br > [ "taken."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-75" id="link8note-75"> + <a id="link8note-75"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 75 (<a href="#link8noteref-75">return</a>)<br /> [ {metabalon}: others + 75 (<a href="#link8noteref-75">return</a>)<br > [ {metabalon}: others translate, "he turned from them to the Athenians"; but cp. vii. 52: The words {pros tous Athenaious} are resumed by {sphi} with {elege}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-76" id="link8note-76"> + <a id="link8note-76"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 76 (<a href="#link8noteref-76">return</a>)<br /> [ {kai epi spheon auton + 76 (<a href="#link8noteref-76">return</a>)<br > [ {kai epi spheon auton balomenoi}, "even at their own venture," cp. iii. 71.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-77" id="link8note-77"> + <a id="link8note-77"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 77 (<a href="#link8noteref-77">return</a>)<br /> [ {ta idia}, "things + 77 (<a href="#link8noteref-77">return</a>)<br > [ {ta idia}, "things belonging to private persons."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-78" id="link8note-78"> + <a id="link8note-78"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 78 (<a href="#link8noteref-78">return</a>)<br /> [ {sophos}.] + 78 (<a href="#link8noteref-78">return</a>)<br > [ {sophos}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-79" id="link8note-79"> + <a id="link8note-79"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 79 (<a href="#link8noteref-79">return</a>)<br /> [ {geopeinas}, "poor in + 79 (<a href="#link8noteref-79">return</a>)<br > [ {geopeinas}, "poor in land."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-80" id="link8note-80"> + <a id="link8note-80"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 80 (<a href="#link8noteref-80">return</a>)<br /> [ It seems necessary to + 80 (<a href="#link8noteref-80">return</a>)<br > [ It seems necessary to insert {an} with {einai}. For the sentiment cp. vii. 172.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-81" id="link8note-81"> + <a id="link8note-81"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 81 (<a href="#link8noteref-81">return</a>)<br /> [ {khreomenos toisi kai + 81 (<a href="#link8noteref-81">return</a>)<br > [ {khreomenos toisi kai pros basilea ekhresato}. This is the reading of the best MSS.: the rest have {khreomenos logoisi toisi kai pros Andrious ekhresato}, "using the same language as he had before used to the Andrians."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-82" id="link8note-82"> + <a id="link8note-82"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 82 (<a href="#link8noteref-82">return</a>)<br /> [ {kai ten allen ippon}: + 82 (<a href="#link8noteref-82">return</a>)<br > [ {kai ten allen ippon}: some MSS. omit {allen}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-83" id="link8note-83"> + <a id="link8note-83"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 83 (<a href="#link8noteref-83">return</a>)<br /> [ {ola}, i.e. not the + 83 (<a href="#link8noteref-83">return</a>)<br > [ {ola}, i.e. not the whole number of them, but great masses without individual selection.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-84" id="link8note-84"> + <a id="link8note-84"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 84 (<a href="#link8noteref-84">return</a>)<br /> [ {ouden meros os + 84 (<a href="#link8noteref-84">return</a>)<br > [ {ouden meros os eipein}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-85" id="link8note-85"> + <a id="link8note-85"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 85 (<a href="#link8noteref-85">return</a>)<br /> [ {anemon Strumonien}, + 85 (<a href="#link8noteref-85">return</a>)<br > [ {anemon Strumonien}, "the wind called Strymonias."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-86" id="link8note-86"> + <a id="link8note-86"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 86 (<a href="#link8noteref-86">return</a>)<br /> [ {ta akrothinia}, i.e. + 86 (<a href="#link8noteref-86">return</a>)<br > [ {ta akrothinia}, i.e. the tithe.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-87" id="link8note-87"> + <a id="link8note-87"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 87 (<a href="#link8noteref-87">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. the corner of the + 87 (<a href="#link8noteref-87">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. the corner of the entrance-hall, {epi tou proneiou tes gonies}, i. 51.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-88" id="link8note-88"> + <a id="link8note-88"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 88 (<a href="#link8noteref-88">return</a>)<br /> [ {dienemon}: some + 88 (<a href="#link8noteref-88">return</a>)<br > [ {dienemon}: some understand this to mean "distributed the voting tablets," and some MSS. read {dienemonto}, "distributed among themselves," which is adopted by many Editors.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-89" id="link8note-89"> + <a id="link8note-89"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 89 (<a href="#link8noteref-89">return</a>)<br /> [ {sophotatos}.] + 89 (<a href="#link8noteref-89">return</a>)<br > [ {sophotatos}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-90" id="link8note-90"> + <a id="link8note-90"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 90 (<a href="#link8noteref-90">return</a>)<br /> [ See i. 67.] + 90 (<a href="#link8noteref-90">return</a>)<br > [ See i. 67.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-91" id="link8note-91"> + <a id="link8note-91"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 91 (<a href="#link8noteref-91">return</a>)<br /> [ A small island near + 91 (<a href="#link8noteref-91">return</a>)<br > [ A small island near Attica, taken here as the type of insignificance. To suppose that Timodemos was connected with it is quite unnecessary. The story in Plutarch about the Seriphian is different.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-92" id="link8note-92"> + <a id="link8note-92"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 92 (<a href="#link8noteref-92">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. 60,000.] + 92 (<a href="#link8noteref-92">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. 60,000.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-93" id="link8note-93"> + <a id="link8note-93"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 93 (<a href="#link8noteref-93">return</a>)<br /> [ {katesphaxe}, "cut their + 93 (<a href="#link8noteref-93">return</a>)<br > [ {katesphaxe}, "cut their throats."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-94" id="link8note-94"> + <a id="link8note-94"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 94 (<a href="#link8noteref-94">return</a>)<br /> [ {para tas gluphidas}: - some Editors read {peri tas gluphidas} on the authority of Æneas Tacticus. + 94 (<a href="#link8noteref-94">return</a>)<br > [ {para tas gluphidas}: + some Editors read {peri tas gluphidas} on the authority of Æneas Tacticus. The {gluphides} are probably notches which give a hold for the fingers as they draw back the string.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-95" id="link8note-95"> + <a id="link8note-95"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 95 (<a href="#link8noteref-95">return</a>)<br /> [ {kataplexai}, "strike + 95 (<a href="#link8noteref-95">return</a>)<br > [ {kataplexai}, "strike down" by the charge.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-96" id="link8note-96"> + <a id="link8note-96"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 96 (<a href="#link8noteref-96">return</a>)<br /> [ The way was shut against + 96 (<a href="#link8noteref-96">return</a>)<br > [ The way was shut against them ordinarily by the town of Potidaia, which occupied the isthmus.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-97" id="link8note-97"> + <a id="link8note-97"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 97 (<a href="#link8noteref-97">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. most of those who + 97 (<a href="#link8noteref-97">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. most of those who before served as {epibatai} (vii. 96) continued to serve still. The sentence is usually translated, "of those who served as fighting-men in them the greater number were Persians or Medes," and this may be right.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-98" id="link8note-98"> + <a id="link8note-98"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 98 (<a href="#link8noteref-98">return</a>)<br /> [ The MSS. have "Charilos" + 98 (<a href="#link8noteref-98">return</a>)<br > [ The MSS. have "Charilos" or "Charillos."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-99" id="link8note-99"> + <a id="link8note-99"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 99 (<a href="#link8noteref-99">return</a>)<br /> [ Some Editors read + 99 (<a href="#link8noteref-99">return</a>)<br > [ Some Editors read "Eurypon," which is the form found elsewhere.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-100" id="link8note-100"> + <a id="link8note-100"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 100 (<a href="#link8noteref-100">return</a>)<br /> [ Cp. vii. 204.] + 100 (<a href="#link8noteref-100">return</a>)<br > [ Cp. vii. 204.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-101" id="link8note-101"> + <a id="link8note-101"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 101 (<a href="#link8noteref-101">return</a>)<br /> [ {duon}. It seems + 101 (<a href="#link8noteref-101">return</a>)<br > [ {duon}. It seems certain that the number required here is seven and not two, and the emendation {epta} for {duon} ({z} for {b}) is approved by several Editors.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-102" id="link8note-102"> + <a id="link8note-102"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 102 (<a href="#link8noteref-102">return</a>)<br /> [ {khresomenon}: the + 102 (<a href="#link8noteref-102">return</a>)<br > [ {khresomenon}: the best MSS. read {khresamenon}, which is retained by Stein, with the meaning "charging him to consult the Oracles everywhere... and then return."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-103" id="link8note-103"> + <a id="link8note-103"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 103 (<a href="#link8noteref-103">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. Mardonios and the + 103 (<a href="#link8noteref-103">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. Mardonios and the Persians.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-104" id="link8note-104"> + <a id="link8note-104"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 104 (<a href="#link8noteref-104">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. Theban citizens.] + 104 (<a href="#link8noteref-104">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. Theban citizens.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-105" id="link8note-105"> + <a id="link8note-105"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 105 (<a href="#link8noteref-105">return</a>)<br /> [ {promantin}: he is + 105 (<a href="#link8noteref-105">return</a>)<br > [ {promantin}: he is afterwards called {prophetes}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-106" id="link8note-106"> + <a id="link8note-106"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 106 (<a href="#link8noteref-106">return</a>)<br /> [ Cp. v. 21.] + 106 (<a href="#link8noteref-106">return</a>)<br > [ Cp. v. 21.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-107" id="link8note-107"> + <a id="link8note-107"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 107 (<a href="#link8noteref-107">return</a>)<br /> [ Some Editors would + 107 (<a href="#link8noteref-107">return</a>)<br > [ Some Editors would read "Alabastra." Alabanda was a Carian town.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-108" id="link8note-108"> + <a id="link8note-108"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 108 (<a href="#link8noteref-108">return</a>)<br /> [ Counting Alexander + 108 (<a href="#link8noteref-108">return</a>)<br > [ Counting Alexander himself as one.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-109" id="link8note-109"> + <a id="link8note-109"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 109 (<a href="#link8noteref-109">return</a>)<br /> [ {esan gar}: this is + 109 (<a href="#link8noteref-109">return</a>)<br > [ {esan gar}: this is the reading of the best MSS.: others have {esan de}. Stein (reading {esan gar}) places this clause after the next, "The wife of the king herself baked their bread, for in ancient times, etc." This transposition is @@ -16183,53 +15774,53 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger farm-servants.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-110" id="link8note-110"> + <a id="link8note-110"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 110 (<a href="#link8noteref-110">return</a>)<br /> [ {ai turannides ton + 110 (<a href="#link8noteref-110">return</a>)<br > [ {ai turannides ton anthropon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-111" id="link8note-111"> + <a id="link8note-111"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 111 (<a href="#link8noteref-111">return</a>)<br /> [ {exaireton metaikhmion + 111 (<a href="#link8noteref-111">return</a>)<br > [ {exaireton metaikhmion te ten gun ektemenon}: there are variations of reading and punctuation in the MSS.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-112" id="link8note-112"> + <a id="link8note-112"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 112 (<a href="#link8noteref-112">return</a>)<br /> [ {sunepipte oste omou + 112 (<a href="#link8noteref-112">return</a>)<br > [ {sunepipte oste omou spheon ginesthai ten katastasin}, i.e. their introduction before the assembly, cp. iii. 46.] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-113" id="link8note-113"> + <a id="link8note-113"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 113 (<a href="#link8noteref-113">return</a>)<br /> [ {epeximen amunomenoi}, + 113 (<a href="#link8noteref-113">return</a>)<br > [ {epeximen amunomenoi}, which possibly might be translated, "we will continue to defend ourselves."] </p> <p> - <a name="link8note-114" id="link8note-114"> + <a id="link8note-114"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 114 (<a href="#link8noteref-114">return</a>)<br /> [ {karta anthropeion}.] + 114 (<a href="#link8noteref-114">return</a>)<br > [ {karta anthropeion}.] </p> <p> - <br /> <br /> + <br > <br > </p> - <hr /> + <hr > <p> - <br /> <br /> <a name="link92H_4_0001" id="link92H_4_0001"> + <br > <br > <a id="link92H_4_0001"> <!-- H2 anchor --> </a> </p> <h2> @@ -16252,12 +15843,10 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger they urged him not to advance further, but to sit down there and endeavour to subdue to himself the whole of Hellas without fighting: for to overcome the Hellenes by open force when they were united, as at the former time - they were of one accord together, <a href="#link9note-1" - name="link9noteref-1" id="link9noteref-1">1</a> was a difficult task even + they were of one accord together, <a href="#link9note-1" id="link9noteref-1">1</a> was a difficult task even for the whole world combined, "but," they proceeded, "if thou wilt do that which we advise, with little labour thou wilt have in thy power all their - plans of resistance. <a href="#link9note-2" name="link9noteref-2" - id="link9noteref-2">2</a> Send money to the men who have power in their + plans of resistance. <a href="#link9note-2" id="link9noteref-2">2</a> Send money to the men who have power in their cities, and thus sending thou wilt divide Hellas into two parties: after that thou wilt with ease subdue by the help of thy party those who are not inclined to thy side.". @@ -16265,8 +15854,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 3. Thus they advised, but he did not follow their counsel; for there had instilled itself into him a great desire to take Athens for the second - time, partly from obstinacy <a href="#link9note-3" name="link9noteref-3" - id="link9noteref-3">3</a> and partly because he meant to signify to the + time, partly from obstinacy <a href="#link9note-3" id="link9noteref-3">3</a> and partly because he meant to signify to the king in Sardis that he was in possession of Athens by beacon-fires through the islands. However he did not even at this time find the Athenians there when he came to Attica; but he was informed that the greater number were @@ -16284,11 +15872,11 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 5. For this reason he sent Morychides to Salamis; and he came before the - Council <a href="#link9note-4" name="link9noteref-4" id="link9noteref-4">4</a> + Council <a href="#link9note-4" id="link9noteref-4">4</a> and reported the words of Mardonios. Then one of the Councillors, Lykidas, expressed the opinion that it was better to receive the proposal which Morychides brought before them and refer it to the assembly of the people. - <a href="#link9note-5" name="link9noteref-5" id="link9noteref-5">5</a> He, + <a href="#link9note-5" id="link9noteref-5">5</a> He, I say, uttered this opinion, whether because he had received money from Mardonios, or because this was his own inclination: however the Athenians forthwith, both those of the Council and those outside, when they heard of @@ -16312,7 +15900,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger them, and also to remind them how many things the Persian had promised to give the Athenians if they changed sides; bidding the envoys warn them that if they did not help the Athenians, the Athenians would find some - shelter <a href="#link9note-6" name="link9noteref-6" id="link9noteref-6">6</a> + shelter <a href="#link9note-6" id="link9noteref-6">6</a> for themselves.. </p> <p> @@ -16325,8 +15913,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Megara and Plataia, they came in before the Ephors and said as follows: "The Athenians sent us saying that the king of the Medes not only offers to give us back our land, but also desires to make us his allies on fair - and equal terms without deceit or treachery, <a href="#link9note-7" - name="link9noteref-7" id="link9noteref-7">7</a> and is desirous moreover + and equal terms without deceit or treachery, <a href="#link9note-7" id="link9noteref-7">7</a> and is desirous moreover to give us another land in addition to our own, whichsoever we shall ourselves choose. We however, having respect for Zeus of the Hellenes and disdaining to be traitors to Hellas, did not agree but refused, although @@ -16334,7 +15921,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger and although we knew that it was more profitable to make a treaty with the Persian than to carry on war: nor shall we make a treaty at any future time, if we have our own will. Thus sincerely is our duty done towards the - Hellenes: <a href="#link9note-8" name="link9noteref-8" id="link9noteref-8">8</a> + Hellenes: <a href="#link9note-8" id="link9noteref-8">8</a> but as for you, after having come then to great dread lest we should make a treaty with the Persian, so soon as ye learnt certainly what our spirit was, namely that we should never betray Hellas, and because your wall @@ -16343,7 +15930,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Persian, ye have now deserted us, and ye permitted the Barbarian moreover to make invasion of Attica. For the present then the Athenians have anger against you, for ye did not do as was fitting to be done: and now they bid - <a href="#link9note-9" name="link9noteref-9" id="link9noteref-9">9</a> you + <a href="#link9note-9" id="link9noteref-9">9</a> you with all speed send out an army together with us, in order that we may receive the Barbarian in the land of Attica; for since we failed of Boeotia, the most suitable place to fight in our land is the Thriasian @@ -16380,8 +15967,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 10. Thus he counselled them, and they forthwith took his words to heart; and saying nothing to the envoys who had come from the cities, while yet it was night they sent out five thousand Spartans, with no less than seven - of the Helots set to attend upon each man of them, <a href="#link9note-901" - name="link9noteref-901" id="link9noteref-901">901</a> appointing Pausanias + of the Helots set to attend upon each man of them, <a href="#link9note-901" id="link9noteref-901">901</a> appointing Pausanias the son of Cleombrotos to lead them forth. Now the leadership belonged to Pleistarchos the son of Leonidas; but he was yet a boy, and the other was his guardian and cousin: for Cleombrotos, the father of Pausanias and son @@ -16408,27 +15994,25 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger envoys spoke these words, the Ephors said and confirmed it with an oath, that they supposed by this time the men were at Orestheion on their way against the strangers: for they used to call the Barbarians "strangers." - <a href="#link9note-10" name="link9noteref-10" id="link9noteref-10">10</a> + <a href="#link9note-10" id="link9noteref-10">10</a> So they, not knowing of the matter, asked the meaning of these words, and asking they learnt all the truth; so that they were struck with amazement and set forth as quickly as possible in pursuit; and together with them five thousand chosen hoplites of the Lacedemonian "dwellers in the country - round" <a href="#link9note-11" name="link9noteref-11" id="link9noteref-11">11</a> + round" <a href="#link9note-11" id="link9noteref-11">11</a> did the same thing also. </p> <p> 12. They then, I say, were hastening towards the Isthmus; and the Argives so soon as they heard that Pausanias with his army had gone forth from Sparta, sent as a herald to Attica the best whom they could find of the - long-distance runners, <a href="#link9note-12" name="link9noteref-12" - id="link9noteref-12">12</a> because they had before of their own motion + long-distance runners, <a href="#link9note-12" id="link9noteref-12">12</a> because they had before of their own motion engaged for Mardonios that they would stop the Spartans from going forth: and the herald when he came to Athens spoke as follows: "Mardonios, the Argives sent me to tell thee that the young men have gone forth from Lacedemon, and that the Argives are not able to stop them from going forth: with regard to this therefore may it be thy fortune to take - measures well." <a href="#link9note-13" name="link9noteref-13" - id="link9noteref-13">13</a>. + measures well." <a href="#link9note-13" id="link9noteref-13">13</a>. </p> <p> 13. He having spoken thus departed and went back; and Mardonios was by no @@ -16451,8 +16035,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 14. Mardonios then was retiring out of the way, and when he was already upon a road a message came to him saying that another body of troops in - advance of the rest <a href="#link9note-14" name="link9noteref-14" - id="link9noteref-14">14</a> had come to Megara, consisting of a thousand + advance of the rest <a href="#link9note-14" id="link9noteref-14">14</a> had come to Megara, consisting of a thousand Lacedemonians. Being thus informed he took counsel with himself, desiring if possible first to capture these. Therefore he turned back and proceeded to lead his army towards Megara, and the cavalry going in advance of the @@ -16462,8 +16045,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 15. After this a message came to Mardonios that the Hellenes were assembled at the Isthmus; therefore he marched back by Dekeleia, for the - chiefs of Boeotia <a href="#link9note-15" name="link9noteref-15" - id="link9noteref-15">15</a> had sent for those of the Asopians who dwelt + chiefs of Boeotia <a href="#link9note-15" id="link9noteref-15">15</a> had sent for those of the Asopians who dwelt near the line of march, and these were his guides along the road to Sphendaleis and thence to Tanagra. So having encamped for the night at Tanagra and on the next day having directed his march to Scolos, he was @@ -16475,8 +16057,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger desired. Now the encampment of his army extended from Erythrai along by Hysiai and reached the river Asopos: he was not however making the wall to extend so far as this, but with each face measuring somewhere about ten - furlongs. <a href="#link9note-16" name="link9noteref-16" - id="link9noteref-16">16</a> + furlongs. <a href="#link9note-16" id="link9noteref-16">16</a> </p> <p> 16. While the Barbarians were engaged upon this work, Attaginos the son of @@ -16487,11 +16068,10 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger of very high repute in Orchomenos. This Thersander said that he too was invited by Attaginos to this dinner, and there were invited also fifty men of the Thebans, and their host did not place them to recline <a - href="#link9note-17" name="link9noteref-17" id="link9noteref-17">17</a> + href="#link9note-17" id="link9noteref-17">17</a> separately each nation by themselves, but a Persian and a Theban upon every couch. Then when dinner was over, as they were drinking pledges to - one another, <a href="#link9note-18" name="link9noteref-18" - id="link9noteref-18">18</a> the Persian who shared a couch with him + one another, <a href="#link9note-18" id="link9noteref-18">18</a> the Persian who shared a couch with him speaking in the Hellenic tongue asked him of what place he was, and he answered that he was of Orchomenos. The other said: "Since now thou hast become my table-companion and the sharer of my libation, I desire to leave @@ -16509,7 +16089,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger which I say many of us Persians know well; yet we go with the rest being bound in the bonds of necessity: and the most hateful grief of all human griefs is this, to have knowledge of the truth but no power over the - event." <a href="#link9note-19" name="link9noteref-19" id="link9noteref-19">19</a> + event." <a href="#link9note-19" id="link9noteref-19">19</a> These things I heard from Thersander of Orchomenos, and in addition to them this also, namely that he told them to various persons forthwith, before the battle took place at Plataia. @@ -16519,22 +16099,19 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger lived in these parts and took the side of the Medes were all supplying troops and had joined in the invasion of Attica, but the Phokians alone had not joined in the invasion,—the Phokians, I say, for these too - were now actively <a href="#link9note-20" name="link9noteref-20" - id="link9noteref-20">20</a> taking the side of the Medes, not of their own + were now actively <a href="#link9note-20" id="link9noteref-20">20</a> taking the side of the Medes, not of their own will however, but by compulsion. Not many days however after the arrival of Mardonios at Thebes, there came of them a thousand hoplites, and their leader was Harmokydes, the man who was of most repute among their citizens. When these too came to Thebes, Mardonios sent horsemen and bade the Phokians take up their position by themselves in the plain. After they had so done, forthwith the whole cavalry appeared; and upon this there - went a rumour <a href="#link9note-21" name="link9noteref-21" - id="link9noteref-21">21</a> through the army of Hellenes which was with + went a rumour <a href="#link9note-21" id="link9noteref-21">21</a> through the army of Hellenes which was with the Medes that the cavalry was about to shoot them down with javelins, and this same report went through the Phokians themselves also. Then their commander Harmokydes exhorted them, speaking as follows: "Phokians, it is manifest that these men are meaning to deliver us to a death which we may - plainly foresee, <a href="#link9note-22" name="link9noteref-22" - id="link9noteref-22">22</a> because we have been falsely accused by the + plainly foresee, <a href="#link9note-22" id="link9noteref-22">22</a> because we have been falsely accused by the Thessalians, as I conjecture: now therefore it is right that every one of you prove himself a good man; for it is better to bring our lives to an end doing deeds of valour and defending ourselves, than to be destroyed by @@ -16580,8 +16157,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Hellenes called Makistios), a man of reputation among the Persians, who had a Nesaian horse with a bridle of gold and in other respects finely caparisoned. So when the horsemen had ridden up to the Hellenes they - attacked them by squadrons, and attacking <a href="#link9note-23" - name="link9noteref-23" id="link9noteref-23">23</a> they did them much + attacked them by squadrons, and attacking <a href="#link9note-23" id="link9noteref-23">23</a> they did them much mischief, and moreover in contempt they called them women.. </p> <p> @@ -16619,7 +16195,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger fell and died; and by some means the other men of the cavalry had not observed this take place, for they neither saw him when he had fallen from his horse nor when he was being slain, and while the retreat and the turn - <a href="#link9note-24" name="link9noteref-24" id="link9noteref-24">24</a> + <a href="#link9note-24" id="link9noteref-24">24</a> were being made, they did not perceive that which was happening; but when they had stopped their horses, then at once they missed him, since there was no one to command them; and when they perceived what had happened, @@ -16654,8 +16230,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger encouraged; and first they put the dead body in a cart and conveyed it along their ranks; and the body was a sight worth seeing for its size and beauty, wherefore also the men left their places in the ranks and went one - after the other <a href="#link9note-25" name="link9noteref-25" - id="link9noteref-25">25</a> to gaze upon Masistios. After this they + after the other <a href="#link9note-25" id="link9noteref-25">25</a> to gaze upon Masistios. After this they resolved to come down further towards Plataia; for the region of Plataia was seen to be much more convenient for them to encamp in than that of Erythrai, both for other reasons and because it is better watered. To this @@ -16668,10 +16243,9 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 26. Then in the arranging of the several posts there arose a contention of - much argument <a href="#link9note-2501" name="link9noteref-2501" - id="link9noteref-2501">2501</a> between the Tegeans and the Athenians; for + much argument <a href="#link9note-2501" id="link9noteref-2501">2501</a> between the Tegeans and the Athenians; for they each claimed to occupy the other wing of the army <a - href="#link9note-26" name="link9noteref-26" id="link9noteref-26">26</a> + href="#link9note-26" id="link9noteref-26">26</a> themselves, alleging deeds both new and old. The Tegeans on the one hand said as follows: "We have been always judged worthy of this post by the whole body of allies in all the common expeditions which the @@ -16693,8 +16267,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Heracles should depart and lead away their army, and not within a hundred years attempt to return to the Peloponnese. There was selected then of all the allies, he himself making a voluntary offer, Echemos the son of - Aëropos, the son of Phegeus, <a href="#link9note-27" name="link9noteref-27" - id="link9noteref-27">27</a> who was our commander and king: and he fought + Aëropos, the son of Phegeus, <a href="#link9note-27" id="link9noteref-27">27</a> who was our commander and king: and he fought a single combat and slew Hyllos. By reason of this deed we obtained among the Peloponnesians of that time, besides many other great privileges which we still possess, this also of always leading the other wing of the army, @@ -16737,7 +16310,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger privilege and others besides this, seeing that we alone of all the Hellenes fought in single combat with the Persian, and having undertaken so great a deed we overcame and conquered six-and-forty nations. <a - href="#link9note-28" name="link9noteref-28" id="link9noteref-28">28</a> + href="#link9note-28" id="link9noteref-28">28</a> Are we not worthy then to have this post by reason of that deed alone? However, since at such a time as this it is not fitting to contend for post, we are ready to follow your saying, O Lacedemonians, as to where ye @@ -16750,13 +16323,11 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 28. After this the Hellenes were ranged as follows, both those of them who - came in continually afterwards <a href="#link9note-29" - name="link9noteref-29" id="link9noteref-29">29</a> and those who had come + came in continually afterwards <a href="#link9note-29" id="link9noteref-29">29</a> and those who had come at the first. The right wing was held by ten thousand Lacedemonians; and of these the five thousand who were Spartans were attended by thirty-five thousand Helots serving as light-armed troops, seven of them appointed for - each man. <a href="#link9note-30" name="link9noteref-30" - id="link9noteref-30">30</a> To stand next to themselves the Spartans chose + each man. <a href="#link9note-30" id="link9noteref-30">30</a> To stand next to themselves the Spartans chose the Tegeans, both to do them honour and also because of their valour; and of these there were one thousand five hundred hoplites. After these were stationed five thousand Corinthians, and they had obtained permission from @@ -16780,8 +16351,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 29. These all, excepting those who were appointed to attend the Spartans, seven for each man, were hoplites, being in number altogether three - myriads eight thousand and seven hundred. <a href="#link9note-31" - name="link9noteref-31" id="link9noteref-31">31</a> This was the whole + myriads eight thousand and seven hundred. <a href="#link9note-31" id="link9noteref-31">31</a> This was the whole number of hoplites who were assembled against the Barbarian; and the number of the light-armed was as follows:—of the Spartan division thirty-five thousand men, reckoning at the rate of seven for each man, and @@ -16791,16 +16361,15 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 30. Of the light-armed fighting men the whole number then was six myriads - nine thousand and five hundred; <a href="#link9note-32" - name="link9noteref-32" id="link9noteref-32">32</a> and of the whole + nine thousand and five hundred; <a href="#link9note-32" id="link9noteref-32">32</a> and of the whole Hellenic force which assembled at Plataia the number (including both the hoplites and the light-armed fighting men) was eleven myriads <a - href="#link9note-33" name="link9noteref-33" id="link9noteref-33">33</a> + href="#link9note-33" id="link9noteref-33">33</a> all but one thousand eight hundred men; and with the Thespians who were present the number of eleven myriads was fully made up; for there were present also in the army those of the Thespians who survived, being in number about one thousand eight hundred, and these too were without heavy - arms. <a href="#link9note-34" name="link9noteref-34" id="link9noteref-34">34</a> + arms. <a href="#link9note-34" id="link9noteref-34">34</a> These then having been ranged in order were encamped on the river Asopos. </p> <p> @@ -16839,14 +16408,13 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger several other nations mingled together, of the Phrygians, Thracians, Mysians, Paionians, and the rest; and among them also some Ethiopians, and of the Egyptians those called Hermotybians and Calasirians, <a - href="#link9note-35" name="link9noteref-35" id="link9noteref-35">35</a> - carrying knives, <a href="#link9note-36" name="link9noteref-36" - id="link9noteref-36">36</a> who of all the Egyptians are the only + href="#link9note-35" id="link9noteref-35">35</a> + carrying knives, <a href="#link9note-36" id="link9noteref-36">36</a> who of all the Egyptians are the only warriors. These men, while he was yet at Phaleron, he had caused to disembark from the ships in which they served as fighting-men; for the Egyptians had not been appointed to serve in the land-army which came with Xerxes to Athens. Of the Barbarians then there were thirty myriads, <a - href="#link9note-37" name="link9noteref-37" id="link9noteref-37">37</a> as + href="#link9note-37" id="link9noteref-37">37</a> as has been declared before; but of the Hellenes who were allies of Mardonios no man knows what the number was, for they were not numbered; but by conjecture I judge that these were assembled to the number of five @@ -16859,16 +16427,13 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger the son of Antiochos was he who offered sacrifice, for he it was who accompanied this army as diviner. This man the Lacedemonians had made to be one of their own people, being an Eleian and of the race of the - Iamidai: <a href="#link9note-38" name="link9noteref-38" - id="link9noteref-38">38</a> for when Tisamenos was seeking divination at + Iamidai: <a href="#link9note-38" id="link9noteref-38">38</a> for when Tisamenos was seeking divination at Delphi concerning issue, the Pythian prophetess made answer to him that he should win five of the greatest contests. He accordingly, missing the meaning of the oracle, began to attend to athletic games, supposing that he should win contests of athletics; and he practised for the "five - contests" <a href="#link9note-39" name="link9noteref-39" - id="link9noteref-39">39</a> and came within one fall of winning a victory - at the Olympic games, <a href="#link9note-40" name="link9noteref-40" - id="link9noteref-40">40</a> being set to contend with Hieronymos of + contests" <a href="#link9note-39" id="link9noteref-39">39</a> and came within one fall of winning a victory + at the Olympic games, <a href="#link9note-40" id="link9noteref-40">40</a> being set to contend with Hieronymos of Andros. The Lacedemonians however perceived that the oracle given to Tisamenos had reference not to athletic but to martial contests, and they endeavoured to persuade Tisamenos by payment of money, and to make him a @@ -16880,7 +16445,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Spartans at first when they heard this displayed indignation and altogether gave up their request, but at last, when great terror was hanging over them of this Persian armament, they gave way <a - href="#link9note-41" name="link9noteref-41" id="link9noteref-41">41</a> + href="#link9note-41" id="link9noteref-41">41</a> and consented. He then perceiving that they had changed their minds, said that he could not now be satisfied even so, nor with these terms alone; but it was necessary that his brother Hegias also should be made a Spartan @@ -16888,7 +16453,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 34. By saying this he followed the example of Melampus in his request, <a - href="#link9note-42" name="link9noteref-42" id="link9noteref-42">42</a> if + href="#link9note-42" id="link9noteref-42">42</a> if one may compare royal power with mere citizenship; for Melampus on his part, when the women in Argos had been seized by madness, and the Argives endeavoured to hire him to come from Pylos and to cause their women to @@ -16899,7 +16464,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger seeing that they had changed their minds, increased his demand, and said that he would not do that which they desired unless they gave to his brother Bias also the third share in the royal power. <a - href="#link9note-43" name="link9noteref-43" id="link9noteref-43">43</a> + href="#link9note-43" id="link9noteref-43">43</a> And the Argives, being driven into straits, consented to this also. 35. Just so the Spartans also, being very much in need of Tisamenos, agreed with him on any terms which he desired: and when the Spartans had agreed @@ -16910,8 +16475,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger was this at Plataia; and after this the contest at Tegea, which took place with the Tegeans and the Argives; then that at Dipaieis against all the Arcadians except the Mantineians; after that the contest with the - Messenians at Ithome; <a href="#link9note-44" name="link9noteref-44" - id="link9noteref-44">44</a> and last of all that which took place at + Messenians at Ithome; <a href="#link9note-44" id="link9noteref-44">44</a> and last of all that which took place at Tanagra against the Athenians and Argives. This, I say, was accomplished last of the five contests. </p> @@ -16935,8 +16499,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger which in some way had been brought in, and contrived forthwith a deed the most courageous of any that we know: for having first calculated how the remaining portion of his foot might be got out of the block, he cut away - the flat of his own foot, <a href="#link9note-45" name="link9noteref-45" - id="link9noteref-45">45</a> and after that, since he was guarded still by + the flat of his own foot, <a href="#link9note-45" id="link9noteref-45">45</a> and after that, since he was guarded still by warders, he broke through the wall and so ran away to Tegea, travelling during the nights and in the daytime entering a wood and resting there; so that, though the Lacedemonians searched for him in full force, he arrived @@ -16968,9 +16531,8 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger another, when he gave this counsel to Mardonios; and Mardonios, perceiving that the advice was good, sent the cavalry when night came on to the pass of Kithairon leading towards Plataia, which the Boeotians call the "Three - Heads" <a href="#link9note-46" name="link9noteref-46" id="link9noteref-46">46</a> - and the Athenians the "Oak Heads." <a href="#link9note-47" - name="link9noteref-47" id="link9noteref-47">47</a> Having been thus sent, + Heads" <a href="#link9note-46" id="link9noteref-46">46</a> + and the Athenians the "Oak Heads." <a href="#link9note-47" id="link9noteref-47">47</a> Having been thus sent, the cavalry did not come without effect, for they caught five hundred baggage-animals coming out into the plain, which were bearing provisions from Peloponnesus to the army, and also the men who accompanied the carts: @@ -17007,8 +16569,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Hellenes who were leaders in their several cities; and these, he said, would speedily deliver up their freedom: and he advised that they should not run the risk of a battle. His opinion then was the same as that of the - Thebans, <a href="#link9note-48" name="link9noteref-48" - id="link9noteref-48">48</a> for he as well as they had some true + Thebans, <a href="#link9note-48" id="link9noteref-48">48</a> for he as well as they had some true foresight: but the opinion of Mardonios was more vehement and more obstinate, and he was by no means disposed to yield; for he said that he thought their army far superior to that of the Hellenes, and he gave as @@ -17025,7 +16586,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger divisions and the generals of those Hellenes who were with him, and asked whether they knew of any oracle regarding the Persians, which said that they should be destroyed in Hellas; and when those summoned to council <a - href="#link9note-49" name="link9noteref-49" id="link9noteref-49">49</a> + href="#link9note-49" id="link9noteref-49">49</a> were silent, some not knowing the oracles and others knowing them but not esteeming it safe to speak, Mardonios himself said: "Since then ye either know nothing or do not venture to speak, I will tell you, since I know @@ -17045,7 +16606,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger the Enchelians, and not with reference to the Persians at all. However, the oracle which was composed by Bakis with reference to this battle, </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> +<pre> "The gathering of Hellenes together and cry of Barbarian voices, Where the Thermodon flows, by the banks of grassy Asopos; Here very many shall fall ere destiny gave them to perish, @@ -17078,8 +16639,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger greatly for the general safety of Hellas, seeing that I am a Hellene myself by original descent and I should not wish to see Hellas enslaved instead of free. I say then that Mardonios and his army cannot get the - offerings to be according to their mind, <a href="#link9note-50" - name="link9noteref-50" id="link9noteref-50">50</a> for otherwise ye would + offerings to be according to their mind, <a href="#link9note-50" id="link9noteref-50">50</a> for otherwise ye would long ago have fought. Now however he has resolved to let the offerings alone and to bring on a battle at dawn of day; for, as I conjecture, he fears lest ye should assemble in greater numbers. Therefore prepare @@ -17087,8 +16647,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger bring it on, stay where ye are and hold out patiently; for they have provisions only for a few days remaining. And if this way shall have its issue according to your mind, then each one of you ought to remember me - also concerning liberation, <a href="#link9note-51" name="link9noteref-51" - id="link9noteref-51">51</a> since I have done for the sake of the Hellenes + also concerning liberation, <a href="#link9note-51" id="link9noteref-51">51</a> since I have done for the sake of the Hellenes so hazardous a deed by reason of my zeal for you, desiring to show you the design of Mardonios, in order that the Barbarians may not fall upon you when ye are not as yet expecting them: and I am Alexander the Macedonian." @@ -17141,8 +16700,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger we on our part were ready to do this, we did not find that ye said anything of this kind, but rather that ye cowered with fear. Now therefore since ye were not the first to say this, we are the first. Why do we not - forthwith fight, <a href="#link9note-52" name="link9noteref-52" - id="link9noteref-52">52</a> ye on behalf of the Hellenes, since ye have + forthwith fight, <a href="#link9note-52" id="link9noteref-52">52</a> ye on behalf of the Hellenes, since ye have the reputation of being the best, and we on behalf of the Barbarians, with equal numbers on both sides? and if we think it good that the others should fight also, then let them fight afterwards; and if on the other @@ -17155,8 +16713,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 49. The herald having thus spoken waited for some time, and then, as no one made him any answer, he departed and went back; and having returned he signified to Mardonios that which had happened to him. Mardonios then - being greatly rejoiced and elated by his empty <a href="#link9note-53" - name="link9noteref-53" id="link9noteref-53">53</a> victory, sent the + being greatly rejoiced and elated by his empty <a href="#link9note-53" id="link9noteref-53">53</a> victory, sent the cavalry to attack the Hellenes: and when the horsemen had ridden to attack them, they did damage to the whole army of the Hellenes by hurling javelins against them and shooting with bows, being mounted archers and @@ -17182,24 +16739,21 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 51. It was resolved then by the generals in council with one another, that if the Persians put off the battle for that day, they would go to the - Island. This is distant ten furlongs <a href="#link9note-54" - name="link9noteref-54" id="link9noteref-54">54</a> from the Asopos and the + Island. This is distant ten furlongs <a href="#link9note-54" id="link9noteref-54">54</a> from the Asopos and the spring Gargaphia, where they were then encamped, and is in front of the city of the Plataians: and if it be asked how there can be an island on - the mainland, thus it is <a href="#link9note-55" name="link9noteref-55" - id="link9noteref-55">55</a>:—the river parts in two above, as it + the mainland, thus it is <a href="#link9note-55" id="link9noteref-55">55</a>:—the river parts in two above, as it flows from Kithairon down to the plain, keeping a distance of about three furlongs between its streams, and after that it joins again in one stream; - and the name of it is Oëroe, said by the natives of the country to be the + and the name of it is Oëroe, said by the natives of the country to be the daughter of Asopos. To this place of which I speak they determined to remove, in order that they might be able to get an abundant supply of water and that the cavalry might not do them damage, as now when they were right opposite. And they proposed to remove when the second watch of the night should have come, so that the Persians might not see them set forth and harass them with the cavalry pursuing. They proposed also, after they - had arrived at this place, round which, as I say, Oëroe the daughter of - Asopos flows, parting into two streams <a href="#link9note-56" - name="link9noteref-56" id="link9noteref-56">56</a> as she runs from + had arrived at this place, round which, as I say, Oëroe the daughter of + Asopos flows, parting into two streams <a href="#link9note-56" id="link9noteref-56">56</a> as she runs from Kithairon, to send half the army to Kithairon during this same night, in order to take up their attendants who had gone to get the supplies of provisions; for these were cut off from them in Kithairon. @@ -17212,8 +16766,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger should retire from their place, the greater number of them set forth and began to retire, not however keeping it in mind to go to the place which had been agreed upon; but on the contrary, when they had begun to move, - they readily took occasion to flee <a href="#link9note-57" - name="link9noteref-57" id="link9noteref-57">57</a> from the cavalry + they readily took occasion to flee <a href="#link9note-57" id="link9noteref-57">57</a> from the cavalry towards the city of the Plataians, and in their flight they came as far as the temple of Hera, which temple is in front of the city of the Plataians at a distance of twenty furlongs from the spring Gargaphia; and when they @@ -17226,14 +16779,13 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger preceding them, supposing that these were going to the place to which they had agreed to go. Then, when all the other commanders were ready to obey Pausanias, Amompharetos the son of Poliades, the commander of the Pitanate - division, <a href="#link9note-58" name="link9noteref-58" - id="link9noteref-58">58</a> said that he would not flee from the + division, <a href="#link9note-58" id="link9noteref-58">58</a> said that he would not flee from the strangers, nor with his own will would he disgrace Sparta; and he expressed wonder at seeing that which was being done, not having been present at the former discussion. And Pausanias and Euryanax were greatly disturbed that he did not obey them and still more that they should be compelled to leave the Pitanate division behind, since he thus refused; <a - href="#link9note-59" name="link9noteref-59" id="link9noteref-59">59</a> + href="#link9note-59" id="link9noteref-59">59</a> for they feared that if they should leave it in order to do that which they had agreed with the other Hellenes, both Amompharetos himself would perish being left behind and also the men with him. With this thought they @@ -17245,8 +16797,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger of the Lacedemonians and Tegeans; and meanwhile the Athenians were keeping themselves quiet in the place where they had been posted, knowing the spirit of the Lacedemonians, that they were apt to say otherwise than they - really meant; <a href="#link9note-60" name="link9noteref-60" - id="link9noteref-60">60</a> and when the army began to move, they sent a + really meant; <a href="#link9note-60" id="link9noteref-60">60</a> and when the army began to move, they sent a horseman from their own body to see whether the Spartans were attempting to set forth, or whether they had in truth no design at all to retire; and they bade him ask Pausanias what they ought to do. 55. So when the herald @@ -17259,10 +16810,10 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger them. And Amompharetos in his contention took a piece of rock in both his hands and placed it at the feet of Pausanias, saying that with this pebble he gave his vote not to fly from the strangers, meaning the Barbarians. <a - href="#link9note-61" name="link9noteref-61" id="link9noteref-61">61</a> + href="#link9note-61" id="link9noteref-61">61</a> Pausanias then, calling him a madman and one who was not in his right senses, bade tell the state of their affairs to the Athenian herald, <a - href="#link9note-62" name="link9noteref-62" id="link9noteref-62">62</a> + href="#link9note-62" id="link9noteref-62">62</a> who was asking that which he had been charged to ask; and at the same time he requested the Athenians to come towards the Lacedemonians and to do in regard to the retreat the same as they did.. @@ -17303,8 +16854,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 58. Then Mardonios, when he was informed that the Hellenes had departed during the night, and when he saw their place deserted, called Thorax of Larissa and his brothers Eurypylos and Thrasydeios, and said: "Sons of - Aleuas, will ye yet say anything, <a href="#link9note-63" - name="link9noteref-63" id="link9noteref-63">63</a> now that ye see these + Aleuas, will ye yet say anything, <a href="#link9note-63" id="link9noteref-63">63</a> now that ye see these places deserted? For ye who dwell near them were wont to say that the Lacedemonians did not fly from a battle, but were men unsurpassed in war; and these men ye not only saw before this changing from their post, but @@ -17337,8 +16887,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 60. These then were coming on with shouting and confused numbers, thinking - to make short work of <a href="#link9note-64" name="link9noteref-64" - id="link9noteref-64">64</a> the Hellenes; and Pausanias, when the cavalry + to make short work of <a href="#link9note-64" id="link9noteref-64">64</a> the Hellenes; and Pausanias, when the cavalry began to attack, sent to the Athenians a horseman and said thus: "Athenians, now that the greatest contest is set before us, namely that which has for its issue the freedom or the slavery of Hellas, we have been @@ -17369,8 +16918,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger engage battle with Mardonios and the force which had come against them. Then since their offerings did not prove favourable, and many of them were being slain during this time and many more wounded,—for the Persians - had made a palisade of their wicker-work shields <a href="#link9note-65" - name="link9noteref-65" id="link9noteref-65">65</a> and were discharging + had made a palisade of their wicker-work shields <a href="#link9note-65" id="link9noteref-65">65</a> and were discharging their arrows in great multitude and without sparing,—Pausanias, seeing that the Spartans were hard pressed and that the offerings did not prove favourable, fixed his gaze upon the temple of Hera of the Plataians @@ -17389,8 +16937,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger for a long time, until at last they came to justling; for the Barbarians would take hold of the spears and break them off. Now in courage and in strength the Persians were not inferior to the others, but they were - without defensive armour, <a href="#link9note-66" name="link9noteref-66" - id="link9noteref-66">66</a> and moreover they were unversed in war and + without defensive armour, <a href="#link9note-66" id="link9noteref-66">66</a> and moreover they were unversed in war and unequal to their opponents in skill; and they would dart out one at a time or in groups of about ten together, some more and some less, and fall upon the Spartans and perish.. @@ -17409,14 +16956,12 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 64. Then the satisfaction for the murder of Leonidas was paid by Mardonios - according to the oracle given to the Spartans, <a href="#link9note-67" - name="link9noteref-67" id="link9noteref-67">67</a> and the most famous + according to the oracle given to the Spartans, <a href="#link9note-67" id="link9noteref-67">67</a> and the most famous victory of all those about which we have knowledge was gained by Pausanias the son of Cleombrotos, the son of Anaxandrides; of his ancestors above - this the names have been given for Leonidas, <a href="#link9note-68" - name="link9noteref-68" id="link9noteref-68">68</a> since, as it happens, + this the names have been given for Leonidas, <a href="#link9note-68" id="link9noteref-68">68</a> since, as it happens, they are the same for both. Now Mardonios was slain by Arimnestos, <a - href="#link9note-69" name="link9noteref-69" id="link9noteref-69">69</a> a + href="#link9note-69" id="link9noteref-69">69</a> a man of consideration in Sparta, who afterwards, when the Median wars were over, with three hundred men fought a battle against the whole army of the Messenians, then at war with the Lacedemonians, at Stenycleros, and both @@ -17425,16 +16970,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 65. When the Persians were turned to flight at Plataia by the Lacedemonians, they fled in disorder to their own camp and to the palisade - which they had made in the Theban territory: <a href="#link9note-70" - name="link9noteref-70" id="link9noteref-70">70</a> and it is a marvel to + which they had made in the Theban territory: <a href="#link9note-70" id="link9noteref-70">70</a> and it is a marvel to me that, whereas they fought by the side of the sacred grove of Demeter, not one of the Persians was found to have entered the enclosure or to have been slain within it, but round about the temple in the unconsecrated ground fell the greater number of the slain. I suppose (if one ought to suppose anything about divine things) that the goddess herself refused to receive them, because they had set fire to the temple, that is to say the - "palace" <a href="#link9note-71" name="link9noteref-71" - id="link9noteref-71">71</a> at Eleusis. + "palace" <a href="#link9note-71" id="link9noteref-71">71</a> at Eleusis. </p> <p> 66. Thus far then had this battle proceeded: but Artabazos the son of @@ -17444,11 +16987,9 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger always not to fight a battle: and for himself he acted as follows, not being pleased with the things which were being done by Mardonios.—The men of whom Artabazos was commander (and he had with him no small force - but one which was in number as much as four myriads <a href="#link9note-72" - name="link9noteref-72" id="link9noteref-72">72</a> of men), these, when + but one which was in number as much as four myriads <a href="#link9note-72" id="link9noteref-72">72</a> of men), these, when the fighting began, being well aware what the issue of the battle would - be, he led carefully, <a href="#link9note-73" name="link9noteref-73" - id="link9noteref-73">73</a> having first given orders that all should go + be, he led carefully, <a href="#link9note-73" id="link9noteref-73">73</a> having first given orders that all should go by the way which he should lead them and at the same pace at which they should see him go. Having given these orders he led his troops on pretence of taking them into battle; and when he was well on his way, he saw the @@ -17460,8 +17001,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 67. These, I say, were thus directing their march: and in the meantime, while the other Hellenes who were on the side of the king were purposely - slack in the fight, <a href="#link9note-74" name="link9noteref-74" - id="link9noteref-74">74</a> the Boeotians fought with the Athenians for a + slack in the fight, <a href="#link9note-74" id="link9noteref-74">74</a> the Boeotians fought with the Athenians for a long space; for those of the Thebans who took the side of the Medes had no small zeal for the cause, and they fought and were not slack, so that three hundred of them, the first and best of all, fell there by the hands @@ -17497,15 +17037,12 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger the rest they pursued and drove to Kithairon. </p> <p> - 70. These then perished thus ingloriously; <a href="#link9note-75" - name="link9noteref-75" id="link9noteref-75">75</a> and meanwhile the + 70. These then perished thus ingloriously; <a href="#link9note-75" id="link9noteref-75">75</a> and meanwhile the Persians and the rest of the throng, having fled for refuge to the palisade, succeeded in getting up to the towers before the Lacedemonians came; and having got up they strengthened the wall of defence as best they - could. Then when the Lacedemonians <a href="#link9note-76" - name="link9noteref-76" id="link9noteref-76">76</a> came up to attack it, - there began between them a vigorous <a href="#link9note-77" - name="link9noteref-77" id="link9noteref-77">77</a> fight for the wall: for + could. Then when the Lacedemonians <a href="#link9note-76" id="link9noteref-76">76</a> came up to attack it, + there began between them a vigorous <a href="#link9note-77" id="link9noteref-77">77</a> fight for the wall: for so long as the Athenians were away, they defended themselves and had much the advantage over the Lacedemonians, since these did not understand the art of fighting against walls; but when the Athenians came up to help @@ -17516,17 +17053,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger plundered the tent of Mardonios, taking, besides the other things which were in it, also the manger of his horse, which was all of bronze and a sight worth seeing. This manger of Mardonios was dedicated by the Tegeans - as an offering in the temple of Athene Alea, <a href="#link9note-78" - name="link9noteref-78" id="link9noteref-78">78</a> but all the other + as an offering in the temple of Athene Alea, <a href="#link9note-78" id="link9noteref-78">78</a> but all the other things which they took, they brought to the common stock of the Hellenes. The Barbarians however, after the wall had been captured, no longer formed themselves into any close body, nor did any of them think of making - resistance, but they were utterly at a loss, <a href="#link9note-79" - name="link9noteref-79" id="link9noteref-79">79</a> as you might expect + resistance, but they were utterly at a loss, <a href="#link9note-79" id="link9noteref-79">79</a> as you might expect from men who were in a panic with many myriads of them shut up together in a small space: and the Hellenes were able to slaughter them so that out of - an army of thirty myriads, <a href="#link9note-80" name="link9noteref-80" - id="link9noteref-80">80</a> if those four be subtracted which Artabazos + an army of thirty myriads, <a href="#link9note-80" id="link9noteref-80">80</a> if those four be subtracted which Artabazos took with him in his flight, of the remainder not three thousand men survived. Of the Lacedemonians from Sparta there were slain in the battle ninety-one in all, of the Tegeans sixteen, and of the Athenians @@ -17544,7 +17078,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Aristodemos who, having come back safe from Thermopylai alone of the three hundred, had reproach and dishonour attached to him. After him the best were Poseidonios and Philokyon and Amompharetos the Spartan. <a - href="#link9note-81" name="link9noteref-81" id="link9noteref-81">81</a> + href="#link9note-81" id="link9noteref-81">81</a> However, when there came to be conversation as to which of them had proved himself the best, the Spartans who were present gave it as their opinion that Aristodemos had evidently wished to be slain in consequence of the @@ -17565,12 +17099,11 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger was wounded by an arrow in the side, as he was sitting down in his place in the ranks; and while the others were fighting, he having been carried out of the ranks was dying a lingering death: and he said to Arimnestos <a - href="#link9note-82" name="link9noteref-82" id="link9noteref-82">82</a> a + href="#link9note-82" id="link9noteref-82">82</a> a Plataian that it did not grieve him to die for Hellas, but it grieved him only that he had not proved his strength of hand, and that no deed of valour had been displayed by him worthy of the spirit which he had in him - to perform great deeds. <a href="#link9note-83" name="link9noteref-83" - id="link9noteref-83">83</a> + to perform great deeds. <a href="#link9note-83" id="link9noteref-83">83</a> </p> <p> 73. Of the Athenians the man who gained most glory is said to have been @@ -17585,8 +17118,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger and led them to Aphidnai, which Titakos who was sprung from the soil delivered up by treachery to the sons of Tyndareus. In consequence of this deed the Dekeleians have had continually freedom from dues in Sparta and - front seats at the games, <a href="#link9note-84" name="link9noteref-84" - id="link9noteref-84">84</a> privileges which exist still to this day; + front seats at the games, <a href="#link9note-84" id="link9noteref-84">84</a> privileges which exist still to this day; insomuch that even in the war which many years after these events arose between the Athenians and the Peloponnesians, when the Lacedemonians laid waste all the rest of Attica, they abstained from injury to Dekeleia.. @@ -17608,9 +17140,8 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 75. There was another illustrious deed done too by Sophanes; for when the Athenians besieged Egina he challenged to a fight and slew Eurybates the - Argive, <a href="#link9note-85" name="link9noteref-85" id="link9noteref-85">85</a> - one who had been victor in the five contests <a href="#link9note-86" - name="link9noteref-86" id="link9noteref-86">86</a> at the games. To + Argive, <a href="#link9note-85" id="link9noteref-85">85</a> + one who had been victor in the five contests <a href="#link9note-86" id="link9noteref-86">86</a> at the games. To Sophanes himself it happened after these events that when he was general of the Athenians together with Leagros the son of Glaucon, he was slain after proving himself a good man by the Edonians at Daton, fighting for @@ -17631,7 +17162,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger words: "O king of Sparta, deliver me thy suppliant from the slavery of the captive: for thou hast also done me service hitherto in destroying these, who have regard neither for demigods nor yet for gods. <a - href="#link9note-87" name="link9noteref-87" id="link9noteref-87">87</a> I + href="#link9note-87" id="link9noteref-87">87</a> I am by race of Cos, the daughter of Hegetorides the son of Antagoras; and the Persian took me by force in Cos and kept me a prisoner." He made answer in these words: "Woman, be of good courage, both because thou art a @@ -17649,7 +17180,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger deserved to be punished: and being informed that the Medes with Artabazos were in flight, they pursued after them as far as Thessaly, though the Lacedemonians endeavoured to prevent them from pursuing after fugitives. - <a href="#link9note-88" name="link9noteref-88" id="link9noteref-88">88</a> + <a href="#link9note-88" id="link9noteref-88">88</a> Then returning back to their own country they sent the leaders of their army into exile from the land. After the Mantineians came the Eleians; and they, like the Mantineians, were greatly grieved by it and so departed @@ -17702,7 +17233,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger other drinking vessels. They found also sacks laid upon waggons, in which there proved to be caldrons both of gold and of silver; and from the dead bodies which lay there they stripped bracelets and collars, and also their - swords <a href="#link9note-89" name="link9noteref-89" id="link9noteref-89">89</a> + swords <a href="#link9note-89" id="link9noteref-89">89</a> if they were of gold, for as to embroidered raiment, there was no account made of it. Then the Helots stole many of the things and sold them to the Eginetans, but many things also they delivered up, as many of them as they @@ -17714,8 +17245,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 81. Then having brought the things together, and having set apart a tithe for the god of Delphi, with which the offering was dedicated of the golden tripod which rests upon the three-headed serpent of bronze and stands - close by the altar, and also <a href="#link9note-90" name="link9noteref-90" - id="link9noteref-90">90</a> for the god at Olympia, with which they + close by the altar, and also <a href="#link9note-90" id="link9noteref-90">90</a> for the god at Olympia, with which they dedicated the offering of a bronze statue of Zeus ten cubits high, and finally for the god at the Isthmus, with which was made a bronze statue of Poseidon seven cubits high,—having set apart these things, they @@ -17732,8 +17262,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 82. It is said moreover that this was done which here follows, namely that Xerxes in his flight from Hellas had left to Mardonios the furniture of his own tent, and Pausanias accordingly seeing the furniture of Mardonios - furnished <a href="#link9note-91" name="link9noteref-91" - id="link9noteref-91">91</a> with gold and silver and hangings of different + furnished <a href="#link9note-91" id="link9noteref-91">91</a> with gold and silver and hangings of different colours ordered the bakers and the cooks to prepare a meal as they were used to do for Mardonios. Then when they did this as they had been commanded, it is said that Pausanias seeing the couches of gold and of @@ -17750,8 +17279,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Thus it is said that Pausanias spoke to the commanders of the Hellenes. </p> <p> - 83. However, <a href="#link9note-92" name="link9noteref-92" - id="link9noteref-92">92</a> in later time after these events many of the + 83. However, <a href="#link9note-92" id="link9noteref-92">92</a> in later time after these events many of the Plataians also found chests of gold and of silver and of other treasures; and moreover afterwards this which follows was seen in the case of the dead bodies here, after the flesh had been stripped off from the bones; @@ -17763,8 +17291,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger high.. </p> <p> - 84. The body of Mardonios however had disappeared <a href="#link9note-93" - name="link9noteref-93" id="link9noteref-93">93</a> on the day after the + 84. The body of Mardonios however had disappeared <a href="#link9note-93" id="link9noteref-93">93</a> on the day after the battle, taken by whom I am not able with certainty to say, but I have heard the names of many men of various cities who are said to have buried Mardonios, and I know that many received gifts from Artontes the son of @@ -17778,7 +17305,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger they had divided the spoil at Plataia proceeded to bury their dead, each nation apart by themselves. The Spartans made for themselves three several burial-places, one in which they buried the younger Spartans, <a - href="#link9note-94" name="link9noteref-94" id="link9noteref-94">94</a> of + href="#link9note-94" id="link9noteref-94">94</a> of whom also were Poseidonios, Amompharetos, Philokyon and Callicrates,—in one of the graves, I say, were laid the younger men, in the second the rest of the Spartans, and in the third the Helots. These then thus buried @@ -17792,8 +17319,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger absence from the fight; for among others there is one there called the burial-place of the Eginetans, which I hear was raised at the request of the Eginetans by Cleades the son of Autodicos, a man of Plataia who was - their public guest-friend, <a href="#link9note-95" name="link9noteref-95" - id="link9noteref-95">95</a> no less than ten years after these events. + their public guest-friend, <a href="#link9note-95" id="link9noteref-95">95</a> no less than ten years after these events. </p> <p> 86. When the Hellenes had buried their dead at Plataia, forthwith they @@ -17812,14 +17338,13 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger Timagenides spoke as follows to the Thebans: "Thebans, since it has been resolved by the Hellenes not to retire from the siege until either they have taken Thebes or ye have delivered us up to them, now therefore let - not the land of Boeotia suffer <a href="#link9note-96" - name="link9noteref-96" id="link9noteref-96">96</a> any more for our sakes, + not the land of Boeotia suffer <a href="#link9note-96" id="link9noteref-96">96</a> any more for our sakes, but if they desire to have money and are demanding our surrender as a colour for this, let us give them money taken out of the treasury of the State; for we took the side of the Medes together with the State and not by ourselves alone: but if they are making the siege truly in order to get us into their hands, then we will give ourselves up for trial." <a - href="#link9note-97" name="link9noteref-97" id="link9noteref-97">97</a> In + href="#link9note-97" id="link9noteref-97">97</a> In this it was thought that he spoke very well and seasonably, and the Thebans forthwith sent a herald to Pausanias offering to deliver up the men.. @@ -17830,7 +17355,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger them from the charge, saying that the sons had no share in the guilt of taking the side of the Medes. As to the other men whom the Thebans delivered up, they supposed that they would get a trial, <a - href="#link9note-98" name="link9noteref-98" id="link9noteref-98">98</a> + href="#link9note-98" id="link9noteref-98">98</a> and they trusted moreover to be able to repel the danger by payment of money; but Pausanias, when he had received them, suspecting this very thing, first dismissed the whole army of allies, and then took the men to @@ -17855,14 +17380,11 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger for ye will not in the end repent of so doing." Having thus said he continued to march his army with haste through Thessaly and Macedonia straight for Thracia, being in truth earnest to proceed and going through - the land by the shortest possible way: <a href="#link9note-99" - name="link9noteref-99" id="link9noteref-99">99</a> and so he came to + the land by the shortest possible way: <a href="#link9note-99" id="link9noteref-99">99</a> and so he came to Byzantion, having left behind him great numbers of his army, who had either been cut down by the Thracians on the way or had been overcome by - hunger and fatigue; <a href="#link9note-100" name="link9noteref-100" - id="link9noteref-100">100</a> and from Byzantion he passed over in ships. - He himself <a href="#link9note-101" name="link9noteref-101" - id="link9noteref-101">101</a> then thus made his return back to Asia. + hunger and fatigue; <a href="#link9note-100" id="link9noteref-100">100</a> and from Byzantion he passed over in ships. + He himself <a href="#link9note-101" id="link9noteref-101">101</a> then thus made his return back to Asia. </p> <p> 90. Now on the same day on which the defeat took place at Plataia, another @@ -17890,8 +17412,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger 91. Then as the stranger of Samos was urgent in his prayer, Leotychides inquired thus, either desiring to hear for the sake of the omen or perhaps by a chance which Providence brought about: "Stranger of Samos, what is - thy name?" He said "Hegesistratos." <a href="#link9note-102" - name="link9noteref-102" id="link9noteref-102">102</a> The other cut short + thy name?" He said "Hegesistratos." <a href="#link9note-102" id="link9noteref-102">102</a> The other cut short the rest of the speech, stopping all that Hegesistratos had intended to say further, and said: "I accept the augury given in Hegesistratos, stranger of Samos. Do thou on thy part see that thou give us assurance, @@ -17904,15 +17425,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger having so done the others sailed away home, but Hegesistratos he bade sail with the Hellenes, considering the name to be an augury of good success. Then the Hellenes after staying still that day made sacrifices for success - on the next day, their diviner being Deïphonos the son of Euenios an + on the next day, their diviner being Deïphonos the son of Euenios an Apolloniate, of that Apollonia which lies in the Ionian gulf. <a - href="#link9note-10201" name="link9noteref-10201" id="link9noteref-10201">10201</a>. + href="#link9note-10201" id="link9noteref-10201">10201</a>. </p> <p> 93. To this man's father Euenios it happened as follows:—There are at this place Apollonia sheep sacred to the Sun, which during the day feed - by a river <a href="#link9note-103" name="link9noteref-103" - id="link9noteref-103">103</a> running from Mount Lacmon through the land + by a river <a href="#link9note-103" id="link9noteref-103">103</a> running from Mount Lacmon through the land of Apollonia to the sea by the haven of Oricos; and by night they are watched by men chosen for this purpose, who are the most highly considered of the citizens for wealth and noble birth, each man having charge of them @@ -17931,7 +17451,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger young and their land to bear crops as before. Then prophesyings were uttered to them both at Dodona and also at Delphi, when they asked the prophets the cause of the evil which they were suffering, and they told - them <a href="#link9note-104" name="link9noteref-104" id="link9noteref-104">104</a> + them <a href="#link9note-104" id="link9noteref-104">104</a> that they had done unjustly in depriving of his sight Euenios the watcher of the sacred sheep; for the gods of whom they inquired had themselves sent the wolves to attack the sheep; and they would not cease to take @@ -17962,21 +17482,20 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger considering that he had been deceived; and they bought the property from those who possessed it and gave him that which he had chosen. And forthwith after this he had a natural gift of divination, <a - href="#link9note-105" name="link9noteref-105" id="link9noteref-105">105</a> + href="#link9note-105" id="link9noteref-105">105</a> so that he became very famous.. </p> <p> - 95. Of this Euenios, I say, Deïphonos was the son, and he was acting as + 95. Of this Euenios, I say, Deïphonos was the son, and he was acting as diviner for the army, being brought by the Corinthians. I have heard - however also that Deïphonos wrongly made use of the name of Euenios, and + however also that Deïphonos wrongly made use of the name of Euenios, and undertook work of this kind about Hellas, not being really the son of Euenios. </p> <p> 96. Now when the sacrifices were favourable to the Hellenes, they put their ships to sea from Delos to go to Samos; and having arrived off - Calamisa <a href="#link9note-106" name="link9noteref-106" - id="link9noteref-106">106</a> in Samos, they moored their ships there + Calamisa <a href="#link9note-106" id="link9noteref-106">106</a> in Samos, they moored their ships there opposite the temple of Hera which is at this place, and made preparations for a sea-fight; but the Persians, being informed that they were sailing thither, put out to sea also and went over to the mainland with their @@ -17987,7 +17506,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger be under the protection of their land-army which was in Mycale, a body which had stayed behind the rest of the army by command of Xerxes and was keeping watch over Ionia: of this the number was six myriads <a - href="#link9note-107" name="link9noteref-107" id="link9noteref-107">107</a> + href="#link9note-107" id="link9noteref-107">107</a> and the commander of it was Tigranes, who in beauty and stature excelled the other Persians. The commanders of the fleet then had determined to take refuge under the protection of this army, and to draw up their ships @@ -17996,8 +17515,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger </p> <p> 97. Having thus determined they began to put out to sea; and they came - along by the temple of the "Revered goddesses" <a href="#link9note-10701" - name="link9noteref-10701" id="link9noteref-10701">10701</a> to the Gaison + along by the temple of the "Revered goddesses" <a href="#link9note-10701" id="link9noteref-10701">10701</a> to the Gaison and to Scolopoeis in Mycale, where there is a temple of the Eleusinian Demeter, which Philistos the son of Pasicles erected when he had accompanied Neileus the son of Codros for the founding of Miletos; and @@ -18028,8 +17546,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger that of Themistocles at Artemision; for it was meant that either the words uttered should escape the knowledge of the Barbarians and persuade the Ionians, or that they should be reported to the Barbarians and make them - distrustful of the Hellenes. <a href="#link9note-108" - name="link9noteref-108" id="link9noteref-108">108</a> + distrustful of the Hellenes. <a href="#link9note-108" id="link9noteref-108">108</a> </p> <p> 99. After Leotychides had thus suggested, then next the Hellenes proceeded @@ -18047,8 +17564,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger guard the passes which lead to the summits of Mycale, on the pretext that they knew the country best, but their true reason for doing this was that they might be out of the camp. Against these of the Ionians, who, as they - suspected, would make some hostile move <a href="#link9note-109" - name="link9noteref-109" id="link9noteref-109">109</a> if they found the + suspected, would make some hostile move <a href="#link9note-109" id="link9noteref-109">109</a> if they found the occasion, the Persians sought to secure themselves in the manner mentioned; and they themselves then brought together their wicker-work shields to serve them as a fence. @@ -18056,8 +17572,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger <p> 100. Then when the Hellenes had made all their preparations, they proceeded to the attack of the Barbarians; and as they went, a rumour came - suddenly <a href="#link9note-110" name="link9noteref-110" - id="link9noteref-110">110</a> to their whole army, and at the same time a + suddenly <a href="#link9note-110" id="link9noteref-110">110</a> to their whole army, and at the same time a herald's staff was found lying upon the beach; and the rumour went through their army to this effect, namely that the Hellenes were fighting in Boeotia and conquering the army of Mardonios. Now by many signs is the @@ -18110,7 +17625,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger themselves to resistance, but began at once to take flight, excepting only the Persians, who formed into small groups and continued to fight with the Hellenes as they rushed in within the wall. Of the commanders of the - Persians two made their escape and two were slain; Artaÿntes and + Persians two made their escape and two were slain; Artaÿntes and Ithamitres commanders of the fleet escaped, while Mardontes and the commander of the land-army, Tigranes, were slain.. </p> @@ -18121,22 +17636,19 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger of the Sikyonians, together with their commander Perilaos. And those of the Samians who were serving in the army, being in the camp of the Medes and having been deprived of their arms, when they saw that from the very - first the battle began to be doubtful, <a href="#link9note-111" - name="link9noteref-111" id="link9noteref-111">111</a> did as much as they + first the battle began to be doubtful, <a href="#link9note-111" id="link9noteref-111">111</a> did as much as they could, endeavouring to give assistance to the Hellenes; and the other Ionians seeing that the Samians had set the example, themselves also upon that made revolt from the Persians and attacked the Barbarians.. </p> <p> 104. The Milesians too had been appointed to watch the passes of the - Persians <a href="#link9note-112" name="link9noteref-112" - id="link9noteref-112">112</a> in order to secure their safety, so that if + Persians <a href="#link9note-112" id="link9noteref-112">112</a> in order to secure their safety, so that if that should after all come upon them which actually came, they might have guides and so get safe away to the summits of Mycale,—the Milesians, I say, had been appointed to do this, not only for that end but also for fear that, if they were present in the camp, they might make some hostile - move: <a href="#link9note-113" name="link9noteref-113" - id="link9noteref-113">113</a> but they did in fact the opposite of that + move: <a href="#link9note-113" id="link9noteref-113">113</a> but they did in fact the opposite of that which they were appointed to do; for they not only directed them in the flight by other than the right paths, by paths indeed which led towards the enemy, but also at last they themselves became their worst foes and @@ -18186,7 +17698,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger the heights of Mycale, being not many in number, were making their way to Sardis: and as they went by the way, Masistes the son of Dareios, who had been present at the disaster which had befallen them, was saying many evil - things of the commander Artaÿntes, and among other things he said that in + things of the commander Artaÿntes, and among other things he said that in respect of the generalship which he had shown he was worse than a woman, and that he deserved every kind of evil for having brought evil on the house of the king. Now with the Persians to be called worse than a woman @@ -18194,7 +17706,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger at length became angry and drew his sword upon Masistes, meaning to kill him; and as he was running upon him, Xeinagoras the son of Prexilaos, a man of Halicarnassos, perceived it, who was standing just behind - Artaÿntes; and this man seized him by the middle and lifting him up dashed + Artaÿntes; and this man seized him by the middle and lifting him up dashed him upon the ground; and meanwhile the spearmen of Masistes came in front to protect him. Thus did Xeinagoras, and thus he laid up thanks for himself both with Masistes and also with Xerxes for saving the life of his @@ -18221,13 +17733,13 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger there and had brought the woman into his own house for Dareios, then he ceased from attempting the wife of Masistes and changing his inclination he conceived a desire for the wife of Dareios, who was daughter of - Masistes, and obtained her: now the name of this woman was Artaÿnte.. + Masistes, and obtained her: now the name of this woman was Artaÿnte.. </p> <p> 109. However as time went on, this became known in the following manner:—Amestris the wife of Xerxes had woven a mantle, large and of various work and a sight worthy to be seen, and this she gave to Xerxes. He then being - greatly pleased put it on and went to Artaÿnte; and being greatly pleased + greatly pleased put it on and went to Artaÿnte; and being greatly pleased with her too, he bade her ask what she would to be given to her in return for the favours which she had granted to him, for she should obtain, he said, whatsoever she asked: and she, since it was destined that she should @@ -18253,7 +17765,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger once in the year on the day on which the king was born, and the name of this feast is in Persian <i>tycta</i>, which in the tongue of the Hellenes means "complete"; also on this occasion alone the king washes his head, <a - href="#link9note-114" name="link9noteref-114" id="link9noteref-114">114</a> + href="#link9note-114" id="link9noteref-114">114</a> and he makes gifts then to the Persians:—Amestris, I say, waited for this day and then asked of Xerxes that the wife of Masistes might be given to her. And he considered it a strange and untoward thing to deliver over @@ -18288,7 +17800,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger longer with that one, in order that thou mayest learn to accept that which is offered thee." He then when he heard this went out, having first said these words: "Master, thou hast not surely brought ruin upon me?" <a - href="#link9note-115" name="link9noteref-115" id="link9noteref-115">115</a>. + href="#link9note-115" id="link9noteref-115">115</a>. </p> <p> 112. During this interval of time, while Xerxes was conversing with his @@ -18333,14 +17845,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger them a great number of Persians and also of their allies.. </p> <p> - 116. And of the province Artaÿctes was despot, as governor under Xerxes, a + 116. And of the province Artaÿctes was despot, as governor under Xerxes, a Persian, but a man of desperate and reckless character, who also had practised deception upon the king on his march against Athens, in taking away from Elaius the things belonging to Protesilaos the son of Iphiclos. For at Elaius in the Chersonese there is the tomb of Protesilaos with a sacred enclosure about it, where there were many treasures, with gold and silver cups and bronze and raiment and other offerings, which things - Artaÿctes carried off as plunder, the king having granted them to him. And + Artaÿctes carried off as plunder, the king having granted them to him. And he deceived Xerxes by saying to him some such words as these: "Master, there is here the house of a man, a Hellene, who made an expedition against thy land and met with his deserts and was slain: this man's house @@ -18353,12 +17865,10 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger had been given him, he brought them from Elaius to Sestos, and he sowed the sacred enclosure for crops and occupied it as his own; and he himself, whenever he came to Elaius, had commerce with women in the inner cell of - the temple. <a href="#link9note-116" name="link9noteref-116" - id="link9noteref-116">116</a> And now he was being besieged by the + the temple. <a href="#link9note-116" id="link9noteref-116">116</a> And now he was being besieged by the Athenians, when he had not made any preparation for a siege nor had been expecting that the Hellenes would come; for they fell upon him, as one may - say, inevitably. <a href="#link9note-117" name="link9noteref-117" - id="link9noteref-117">117</a>. + say, inevitably. <a href="#link9note-117" id="link9noteref-117">117</a>. </p> <p> 117. When however autumn came and the siege still went on, the Athenians @@ -18367,13 +17877,13 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger lead them away home; but these said that they would not do so, until either they had taken the town or the public authority of the Athenians sent for them home: and so they endured their present state. <a - href="#link9note-118" name="link9noteref-118" id="link9noteref-118">118</a>. + href="#link9note-118" id="link9noteref-118">118</a>. </p> <p> 118. Those however who were within the walls had now come to the greatest misery, so that they boiled down the girths of their beds and used them for food; and when they no longer had even these, then the Persians and - with them Artaÿctes and Oiobazos ran away and departed in the night, + with them Artaÿctes and Oiobazos ran away and departed in the night, climbing down by the back part of the wall, where the place was left most unguarded by the enemy; and when day came, the men of the Chersonese signified to the Athenians from the towers concerning that which had @@ -18381,15 +17891,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger in pursuit, and the rest occupied the city.. </p> <p> - 119. Now Oiobazos, as he was escaping <a href="#link9note-119" - name="link9noteref-119" id="link9noteref-119">119</a> into Thrace, was + 119. Now Oiobazos, as he was escaping <a href="#link9note-119" id="link9noteref-119">119</a> into Thrace, was caught by the Apsinthian Thracians and sacrificed to their native god Pleistoros with their rites, and the rest who were with him they - slaughtered in another manner: but Artaÿctes with his companions, who + slaughtered in another manner: but Artaÿctes with his companions, who started on their flight later and were overtaken at a little distance above Aigospotamoi, defended themselves for a considerable time and were some of them killed and others taken alive: and the Hellenes had bound - these and were bringing them to Sestos, and among them Artaÿctes also in + these and were bringing them to Sestos, and among them Artaÿctes also in bonds together with his son.. </p> <p> @@ -18397,15 +17906,14 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger guarded them was frying dried fish, a portent occurred as follows,—the dried fish when laid upon the fire began to leap and struggle just as if they were fish newly caught: and the others gathered round and were - marvelling at the portent, but Artaÿctes seeing it called to the man who + marvelling at the portent, but Artaÿctes seeing it called to the man who was frying the fish and said: "Stranger of Athens, be not at all afraid of this portent, seeing that it has not appeared for thee but for me. Protesilaos who dwells at Elaius signifies thereby that though he is dead - and his body is dried like those fish, <a href="#link9note-120" - name="link9noteref-120" id="link9noteref-120">120</a> yet he has power + and his body is dried like those fish, <a href="#link9note-120" id="link9noteref-120">120</a> yet he has power given him by the gods to exact vengeance from the man who does him wrong. Now therefore I desire to impose this penalty for him, <a - href="#link9note-121" name="link9noteref-121" id="link9noteref-121">121</a>—that + href="#link9note-121" id="link9noteref-121">121</a>—that in place of the things which I took from the temple I should pay down a hundred talents to the god, and moreover as ransom for myself and my son I will pay two hundred talents to the Athenians, if my life be spared." Thus @@ -18415,9 +17923,8 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger himself tended to the same conclusion. They brought him therefore to that headland to which Xerxes made the passage across, or as some say to the hill which is over the town of Madytos, and there they nailed him to - boards <a href="#link9note-122" name="link9noteref-122" - id="link9noteref-122">122</a> and hung him up; and they stoned his son to - death before the eyes of Artaÿctes himself.. + boards <a href="#link9note-122" id="link9noteref-122">122</a> and hung him up; and they stoned his son to + death before the eyes of Artaÿctes himself.. </p> <p> 121. Having so done, they sailed away to Hellas, taking with them, besides @@ -18426,7 +17933,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger this. </p> <p> - 122. Now a forefather of this Artaÿctes who was hung up, was that + 122. Now a forefather of this Artaÿctes who was hung up, was that Artembares who set forth to the Persians a proposal which they took up and brought before Cyrus, being to this effect: "Seeing that Zeus grants to the Persians leadership, and of all men to thee, O Cyrus, by destroying @@ -18437,8 +17944,7 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger too that men who are rulers should do such things; for when will there ever be a fairer occasion than now, when we are rulers of many nations and of the whole of Asia?" Cyrus, hearing this and not being surprised at the - proposal, <a href="#link9note-123" name="link9noteref-123" - id="link9noteref-123">123</a> bade them do so if they would; but he + proposal, <a href="#link9note-123" id="link9noteref-123">123</a> bade them do so if they would; but he exhorted them and bade them prepare in that case to be no longer rulers but subjects; "For," said he, "from lands which are not rugged men who are not rugged are apt to come forth, since it does not belong to the same @@ -18449,335 +17955,335 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger sow crops in a level plain and be slaves to others. </p> <p> - <br /><br /><br /><br /> <a name="link92H_NOTE" id="link92H_NOTE"> </a> + <br ><br ><br ><br > <a id="link92H_NOTE"> </a> </p> <h2> NOTES TO BOOK IX </h2> <p> - <a name="link9note-1" id="link9note-1"> + <a id="link9note-1"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 1 (<a href="#link9noteref-1">return</a>)<br /> [ "the same who at the + 1 (<a href="#link9noteref-1">return</a>)<br > [ "the same who at the former time also were of one accord together."] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-2" id="link9note-2"> + <a id="link9note-2"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 2 (<a href="#link9noteref-2">return</a>)<br /> [ {ta ekeinon iskhura + 2 (<a href="#link9noteref-2">return</a>)<br > [ {ta ekeinon iskhura bouleumata}: some good MSS. omit {iskhura}, and so many Editors.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-3" id="link9note-3"> + <a id="link9note-3"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 3 (<a href="#link9noteref-3">return</a>)<br /> [ {up agnomosunes}.] + 3 (<a href="#link9noteref-3">return</a>)<br > [ {up agnomosunes}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-4" id="link9note-4"> + <a id="link9note-4"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 4 (<a href="#link9noteref-4">return</a>)<br /> [ {boulen}.] + 4 (<a href="#link9noteref-4">return</a>)<br > [ {boulen}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-5" id="link9note-5"> + <a id="link9note-5"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 5 (<a href="#link9noteref-5">return</a>)<br /> [ {exeneikai es ton dumon}.] + 5 (<a href="#link9noteref-5">return</a>)<br > [ {exeneikai es ton dumon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-6" id="link9note-6"> + <a id="link9note-6"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 6 (<a href="#link9noteref-6">return</a>)<br /> [ {aleoren}.] + 6 (<a href="#link9noteref-6">return</a>)<br > [ {aleoren}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-7" id="link9note-7"> + <a id="link9note-7"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 7 (<a href="#link9noteref-7">return</a>)<br /> [ Cp. viii. 140 (a).] + 7 (<a href="#link9noteref-7">return</a>)<br > [ Cp. viii. 140 (a).] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-8" id="link9note-8"> + <a id="link9note-8"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 8 (<a href="#link9noteref-8">return</a>)<br /> [ {to men ap emeon outo + 8 (<a href="#link9noteref-8">return</a>)<br > [ {to men ap emeon outo akibdelon nemetai epi tous Ellenas}, "that which we owe to the Hellenes is thus paid in no counterfeit coin."] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-9" id="link9note-9"> + <a id="link9note-9"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 9 (<a href="#link9noteref-9">return</a>)<br /> [ {ekeleusan}, i.e. "their + 9 (<a href="#link9noteref-9">return</a>)<br > [ {ekeleusan}, i.e. "their bidding was" when they sent us.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-901" id="link9note-901"> + <a id="link9note-901"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 901 (<a href="#link9noteref-901">return</a>)<br /> [ This clause, "with no + 901 (<a href="#link9noteref-901">return</a>)<br > [ This clause, "with no less—each man of them," is omitted in some MSS. and considered spurious by several Editors.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-10" id="link9note-10"> + <a id="link9note-10"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 10 (<a href="#link9noteref-10">return</a>)<br /> [ Cp. ch. 55.] + 10 (<a href="#link9noteref-10">return</a>)<br > [ Cp. ch. 55.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-11" id="link9note-11"> + <a id="link9note-11"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 11 (<a href="#link9noteref-11">return</a>)<br /> [ {perioikon}.] + 11 (<a href="#link9noteref-11">return</a>)<br > [ {perioikon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-12" id="link9note-12"> + <a id="link9note-12"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 12 (<a href="#link9noteref-12">return</a>)<br /> [ {ton emerodromon}, cp. + 12 (<a href="#link9noteref-12">return</a>)<br > [ {ton emerodromon}, cp. vi. 105.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-13" id="link9note-13"> + <a id="link9note-13"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 13 (<a href="#link9noteref-13">return</a>)<br /> [ {tugkhane eu + 13 (<a href="#link9noteref-13">return</a>)<br > [ {tugkhane eu bouleoumenos}: perhaps, "endeavour to take measures well."] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-14" id="link9note-14"> + <a id="link9note-14"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 14 (<a href="#link9noteref-14">return</a>)<br /> [ {prodromon}, a + 14 (<a href="#link9noteref-14">return</a>)<br > [ {prodromon}, a conjectural emendation of {prodromos}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-15" id="link9note-15"> + <a id="link9note-15"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 15 (<a href="#link9noteref-15">return</a>)<br /> [ {boiotarkhai}, i.e. the + 15 (<a href="#link9noteref-15">return</a>)<br > [ {boiotarkhai}, i.e. the heads of the Boeotian confederacy.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-16" id="link9note-16"> + <a id="link9note-16"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 16 (<a href="#link9noteref-16">return</a>)<br /> [ {os epi deka stadious + 16 (<a href="#link9noteref-16">return</a>)<br > [ {os epi deka stadious malista ke}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-17" id="link9note-17"> + <a id="link9note-17"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 17 (<a href="#link9noteref-17">return</a>)<br /> [ {klinai}: several + 17 (<a href="#link9noteref-17">return</a>)<br > [ {klinai}: several Editors have altered this, reading {klithenai} or {klinenai}, "they were made to recline."] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-18" id="link9note-18"> + <a id="link9note-18"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 18 (<a href="#link9noteref-18">return</a>)<br /> [ {diapinonton}, cp. v. + 18 (<a href="#link9noteref-18">return</a>)<br > [ {diapinonton}, cp. v. 18.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-19" id="link9note-19"> + <a id="link9note-19"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 19 (<a href="#link9noteref-19">return</a>)<br /> [ {polla phroneonta + 19 (<a href="#link9noteref-19">return</a>)<br > [ {polla phroneonta medenos krateein}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-20" id="link9note-20"> + <a id="link9note-20"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 20 (<a href="#link9noteref-20">return</a>)<br /> [ {sphodra}: not quite + 20 (<a href="#link9noteref-20">return</a>)<br > [ {sphodra}: not quite satisfactory with {emedizon}, but it can hardly go with {ouk ekontes}, as - Krüger suggests.] + Krüger suggests.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-21" id="link9note-21"> + <a id="link9note-21"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 21 (<a href="#link9noteref-21">return</a>)<br /> [ {pheme}, as in ch. 100.] + 21 (<a href="#link9noteref-21">return</a>)<br > [ {pheme}, as in ch. 100.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-22" id="link9note-22"> + <a id="link9note-22"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 22 (<a href="#link9noteref-22">return</a>)<br /> [ {proopto thanato}.] + 22 (<a href="#link9noteref-22">return</a>)<br > [ {proopto thanato}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-23" id="link9note-23"> + <a id="link9note-23"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 23 (<a href="#link9noteref-23">return</a>)<br /> [ {prosballontes}: most of + 23 (<a href="#link9noteref-23">return</a>)<br > [ {prosballontes}: most of the MSS. have {prosbalontes}, and so also in ch. 21 and 22 they have {prosbalouses}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-24" id="link9note-24"> + <a id="link9note-24"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 24 (<a href="#link9noteref-24">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. the retreat with + 24 (<a href="#link9noteref-24">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. the retreat with which each charge ended and the turn from retreat in preparation for a fresh charge. So much would be done without word of command, before reining in their horses.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-25" id="link9note-25"> + <a id="link9note-25"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 25 (<a href="#link9noteref-25">return</a>)<br /> [ {ephoiteon}.] + 25 (<a href="#link9noteref-25">return</a>)<br > [ {ephoiteon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-2501" id="link9note-2501"> + <a id="link9note-2501"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 2501 (<a href="#link9noteref-2501">return</a>)<br /> [ Or, according to + 2501 (<a href="#link9noteref-2501">return</a>)<br > [ Or, according to some MSS., "much contention in argument."] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-26" id="link9note-26"> + <a id="link9note-26"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 26 (<a href="#link9noteref-26">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. the left wing.] + 26 (<a href="#link9noteref-26">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. the left wing.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-27" id="link9note-27"> + <a id="link9note-27"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 27 (<a href="#link9noteref-27">return</a>)<br /> [ The name apparently + 27 (<a href="#link9noteref-27">return</a>)<br > [ The name apparently should be Kepheus, but there is no authority for changing the text.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-28" id="link9note-28"> + <a id="link9note-28"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 28 (<a href="#link9noteref-28">return</a>)<br /> [ This is the number of + 28 (<a href="#link9noteref-28">return</a>)<br > [ This is the number of nations mentioned in vii. 61-80 as composing the land-army of Xerxes.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-29" id="link9note-29"> + <a id="link9note-29"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 29 (<a href="#link9noteref-29">return</a>)<br /> [ {oi epiphoiteontes}.] + 29 (<a href="#link9noteref-29">return</a>)<br > [ {oi epiphoiteontes}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-30" id="link9note-30"> + <a id="link9note-30"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 30 (<a href="#link9noteref-30">return</a>)<br /> [ {peri andra ekaston}.] + 30 (<a href="#link9noteref-30">return</a>)<br > [ {peri andra ekaston}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-31" id="link9note-31"> + <a id="link9note-31"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 31 (<a href="#link9noteref-31">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. 38,700.] + 31 (<a href="#link9noteref-31">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. 38,700.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-32" id="link9note-32"> + <a id="link9note-32"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 32 (<a href="#link9noteref-32">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. 69,500.] + 32 (<a href="#link9noteref-32">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. 69,500.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-33" id="link9note-33"> + <a id="link9note-33"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 33 (<a href="#link9noteref-33">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. 110,000.] + 33 (<a href="#link9noteref-33">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. 110,000.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-34" id="link9note-34"> + <a id="link9note-34"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 34 (<a href="#link9noteref-34">return</a>)<br /> [ {opla de oud outoi + 34 (<a href="#link9noteref-34">return</a>)<br > [ {opla de oud outoi eikhon}: i.e. these too must be reckoned with the light-armed.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-35" id="link9note-35"> + <a id="link9note-35"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 35 (<a href="#link9noteref-35">return</a>)<br /> [ Cp. ii. 164.] + 35 (<a href="#link9noteref-35">return</a>)<br > [ Cp. ii. 164.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-36" id="link9note-36"> + <a id="link9note-36"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 36 (<a href="#link9noteref-36">return</a>)<br /> [ {makhairophoroi}: cp. + 36 (<a href="#link9noteref-36">return</a>)<br > [ {makhairophoroi}: cp. vii. 89.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-37" id="link9note-37"> + <a id="link9note-37"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 37 (<a href="#link9noteref-37">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. 300,000: see viii. + 37 (<a href="#link9noteref-37">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. 300,000: see viii. 113.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-38" id="link9note-38"> + <a id="link9note-38"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 38 (<a href="#link9noteref-38">return</a>)<br /> [ {geneos tou Iamideon}: + 38 (<a href="#link9noteref-38">return</a>)<br > [ {geneos tou Iamideon}: the MSS. have {Klutiaden} after {Iamideon}, but the Clytiadai seem to have been a distinct family of soothsayers.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-39" id="link9note-39"> + <a id="link9note-39"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 39 (<a href="#link9noteref-39">return</a>)<br /> [ {pentaethlon}.] + 39 (<a href="#link9noteref-39">return</a>)<br > [ {pentaethlon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-40" id="link9note-40"> + <a id="link9note-40"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 40 (<a href="#link9noteref-40">return</a>)<br /> [ {para en palaisma edrame + 40 (<a href="#link9noteref-40">return</a>)<br > [ {para en palaisma edrame nikan Olumpiada}. The meaning is not clear, because the conditions of the {pentaethlon} are not known: however the wrestling {pale} seems to have been the last of the five contests, and the meaning may be that both @@ -18786,437 +18292,437 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger wrestling.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-41" id="link9note-41"> + <a id="link9note-41"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 41 (<a href="#link9noteref-41">return</a>)<br /> [ {metientes}: some MSS. + 41 (<a href="#link9noteref-41">return</a>)<br > [ {metientes}: some MSS. have {metiontes}, "they went to fetch him."] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-42" id="link9note-42"> + <a id="link9note-42"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 42 (<a href="#link9noteref-42">return</a>)<br /> [ {aiteomenos}: this is + 42 (<a href="#link9noteref-42">return</a>)<br > [ {aiteomenos}: this is the reading of the MSS., but the conjecture {aiteomenous} (or {aiteomenon}) seems probable enough: "if one may compare the man who asked for royal power with him who asked only for citizenship."] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-43" id="link9note-43"> + <a id="link9note-43"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 43 (<a href="#link9noteref-43">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. instead of half for + 43 (<a href="#link9noteref-43">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. instead of half for himself, he asks for two-thirds to be divided between himself and his brother.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-44" id="link9note-44"> + <a id="link9note-44"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 44 (<a href="#link9noteref-44">return</a>)<br /> [ {o pros Ithome}: a + 44 (<a href="#link9noteref-44">return</a>)<br > [ {o pros Ithome}: a conjectural emendation of {o pros Isthmo}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-45" id="link9note-45"> + <a id="link9note-45"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 45 (<a href="#link9noteref-45">return</a>)<br /> [ {ton tarson eoutou}.] + 45 (<a href="#link9noteref-45">return</a>)<br > [ {ton tarson eoutou}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-46" id="link9note-46"> + <a id="link9note-46"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 46 (<a href="#link9noteref-46">return</a>)<br /> [ {Treis Kephalas}.] + 46 (<a href="#link9noteref-46">return</a>)<br > [ {Treis Kephalas}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-47" id="link9note-47"> + <a id="link9note-47"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 47 (<a href="#link9noteref-47">return</a>)<br /> [ {Druos Kephalas}.] + 47 (<a href="#link9noteref-47">return</a>)<br > [ {Druos Kephalas}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-48" id="link9note-48"> + <a id="link9note-48"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 48 (<a href="#link9noteref-48">return</a>)<br /> [ See ch. 2.] + 48 (<a href="#link9noteref-48">return</a>)<br > [ See ch. 2.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-49" id="link9note-49"> + <a id="link9note-49"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 49 (<a href="#link9noteref-49">return</a>)<br /> [ {ton epikleton}: cp. + 49 (<a href="#link9noteref-49">return</a>)<br > [ {ton epikleton}: cp. vii. 8.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-50" id="link9note-50"> + <a id="link9note-50"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 50 (<a href="#link9noteref-50">return</a>)<br /> [ {Mardonio te kai te + 50 (<a href="#link9noteref-50">return</a>)<br > [ {Mardonio te kai te stratie ta sphagia ou dunatai katathumia genesthai}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-51" id="link9note-51"> + <a id="link9note-51"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 51 (<a href="#link9noteref-51">return</a>)<br /> [ He asks for their help + 51 (<a href="#link9noteref-51">return</a>)<br > [ He asks for their help to free his country also from the Persian yoke.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-52" id="link9note-52"> + <a id="link9note-52"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 52 (<a href="#link9noteref-52">return</a>)<br /> [ {emakhesametha}.] + 52 (<a href="#link9noteref-52">return</a>)<br > [ {emakhesametha}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-53" id="link9note-53"> + <a id="link9note-53"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 53 (<a href="#link9noteref-53">return</a>)<br /> [ {psukhre}, cp. vi. 108.] + 53 (<a href="#link9noteref-53">return</a>)<br > [ {psukhre}, cp. vi. 108.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-54" id="link9note-54"> + <a id="link9note-54"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 54 (<a href="#link9noteref-54">return</a>)<br /> [ {deka stadious}.] + 54 (<a href="#link9noteref-54">return</a>)<br > [ {deka stadious}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-55" id="link9note-55"> + <a id="link9note-55"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 55 (<a href="#link9noteref-55">return</a>)<br /> [ {nesos de outo an eie en + 55 (<a href="#link9noteref-55">return</a>)<br > [ {nesos de outo an eie en epeiro}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-56" id="link9note-56"> + <a id="link9note-56"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 56 (<a href="#link9noteref-56">return</a>)<br /> [ {periskhizetai}.] + 56 (<a href="#link9noteref-56">return</a>)<br > [ {periskhizetai}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-57" id="link9note-57"> + <a id="link9note-57"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 57 (<a href="#link9noteref-57">return</a>)<br /> [ {epheugon asmenoi}.] + 57 (<a href="#link9noteref-57">return</a>)<br > [ {epheugon asmenoi}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-58" id="link9note-58"> + <a id="link9note-58"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 58 (<a href="#link9noteref-58">return</a>)<br /> [ {tou Pitaneteon lokhou}, + 58 (<a href="#link9noteref-58">return</a>)<br > [ {tou Pitaneteon lokhou}, called below {ton lokhon ton Pitaneten}. Evidently {lokhos} here is a division of considerable size.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-59" id="link9note-59"> + <a id="link9note-59"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 59 (<a href="#link9noteref-59">return</a>)<br /> [ {anainomenou}: some MSS. + 59 (<a href="#link9noteref-59">return</a>)<br > [ {anainomenou}: some MSS. and many Editors read {nenomenou}, "since he was thus minded."] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-60" id="link9note-60"> + <a id="link9note-60"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 60 (<a href="#link9noteref-60">return</a>)<br /> [ {os alla phroneonton kai + 60 (<a href="#link9noteref-60">return</a>)<br > [ {os alla phroneonton kai alla legonton}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-61" id="link9note-61"> + <a id="link9note-61"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 61 (<a href="#link9noteref-61">return</a>)<br /> [ Cp. ch. 11.] + 61 (<a href="#link9noteref-61">return</a>)<br > [ Cp. ch. 11.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-62" id="link9note-62"> + <a id="link9note-62"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 62 (<a href="#link9noteref-62">return</a>)<br /> [ The structure of the + 62 (<a href="#link9noteref-62">return</a>)<br > [ The structure of the sentence is rather confused, and perhaps some emendation is required.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-63" id="link9note-63"> + <a id="link9note-63"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 63 (<a href="#link9noteref-63">return</a>)<br /> [ {eti ti lexete}. The + 63 (<a href="#link9noteref-63">return</a>)<br > [ {eti ti lexete}. The MSS. and most Editors read {ti}, "what will ye say after this?" The order of the words is against this.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-64" id="link9note-64"> + <a id="link9note-64"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 64 (<a href="#link9noteref-64">return</a>)<br /> [ {anarpasomenoi}: cp. + 64 (<a href="#link9noteref-64">return</a>)<br > [ {anarpasomenoi}: cp. viii. 28.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-65" id="link9note-65"> + <a id="link9note-65"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 65 (<a href="#link9noteref-65">return</a>)<br /> [ {phraxantes ta gerra}: + 65 (<a href="#link9noteref-65">return</a>)<br > [ {phraxantes ta gerra}: cp. ch. 99.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-66" id="link9note-66"> + <a id="link9note-66"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 66 (<a href="#link9noteref-66">return</a>)<br /> [ {anoploi}, by which + 66 (<a href="#link9noteref-66">return</a>)<br > [ {anoploi}, by which evidently more is meant than the absence of shields; cp. the end of ch. 63, where the equipment of the Persians is compared to that of light-armed troops.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-67" id="link9note-67"> + <a id="link9note-67"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 67 (<a href="#link9noteref-67">return</a>)<br /> [ See viii. 114.] + 67 (<a href="#link9noteref-67">return</a>)<br > [ See viii. 114.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-68" id="link9note-68"> + <a id="link9note-68"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 68 (<a href="#link9noteref-68">return</a>)<br /> [ {es Leoniden}: this is + 68 (<a href="#link9noteref-68">return</a>)<br > [ {es Leoniden}: this is ordinarily translated "as far as Leonidas;" but to say "his ancestors above Anaxandrides have been given as far as Leonidas" (the son of Anaxandrides), is hardly intelligible. The reference is to vii. 204.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-69" id="link9note-69"> + <a id="link9note-69"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 69 (<a href="#link9noteref-69">return</a>)<br /> [ Most of the MSS. call + 69 (<a href="#link9noteref-69">return</a>)<br > [ Most of the MSS. call him Aeimnestos (with some variation of spelling), but Plutarch has Arimnestos.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-70" id="link9note-70"> + <a id="link9note-70"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 70 (<a href="#link9noteref-70">return</a>)<br /> [ See ch. 15: There is no + 70 (<a href="#link9noteref-70">return</a>)<br > [ See ch. 15: There is no sharp distinction here between camp and palisade, the latter being merely the fortified part of the encampment.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-71" id="link9note-71"> + <a id="link9note-71"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 71 (<a href="#link9noteref-71">return</a>)<br /> [ {anaktoron}, a usual + 71 (<a href="#link9noteref-71">return</a>)<br > [ {anaktoron}, a usual name for the temple of Demeter and Persephone at Eleusis.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-72" id="link9note-72"> + <a id="link9note-72"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 72 (<a href="#link9noteref-72">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. 40,000.] + 72 (<a href="#link9noteref-72">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. 40,000.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-73" id="link9note-73"> + <a id="link9note-73"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 73 (<a href="#link9noteref-73">return</a>)<br /> [ {ege katertemenos}: the + 73 (<a href="#link9noteref-73">return</a>)<br > [ {ege katertemenos}: the better MSS. have {eie} for {ege}, which is retained by some Editors ({toutous} being then taken with {inai pantas}): for {katertemenos} we find as variations {katertemenos} and {katertismenos}. Many Editors read {katertismenos} ("well prepared"), following the Aldine tradition.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-74" id="link9note-74"> + <a id="link9note-74"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 74 (<a href="#link9noteref-74">return</a>)<br /> [ {ephelokakeonton}.] + 74 (<a href="#link9noteref-74">return</a>)<br > [ {ephelokakeonton}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-75" id="link9note-75"> + <a id="link9note-75"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 75 (<a href="#link9noteref-75">return</a>)<br /> [ {en oudeni logo + 75 (<a href="#link9noteref-75">return</a>)<br > [ {en oudeni logo apolonto}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-76" id="link9note-76"> + <a id="link9note-76"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 76 (<a href="#link9noteref-76">return</a>)<br /> [ Stein proposes to + 76 (<a href="#link9noteref-76">return</a>)<br > [ Stein proposes to substitute "Athenians" for "Lacedemonians" here, making the comparative {erremenestere} anticipate the account given in the next few clauses.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-77" id="link9note-77"> + <a id="link9note-77"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 77 (<a href="#link9noteref-77">return</a>)<br /> [ {erromenestere}.] + 77 (<a href="#link9noteref-77">return</a>)<br > [ {erromenestere}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-78" id="link9note-78"> + <a id="link9note-78"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 78 (<a href="#link9noteref-78">return</a>)<br /> [ Cp. i. 66.] + 78 (<a href="#link9noteref-78">return</a>)<br > [ Cp. i. 66.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-79" id="link9note-79"> + <a id="link9note-79"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 79 (<a href="#link9noteref-79">return</a>)<br /> [ {aluktazon}, a word of + 79 (<a href="#link9noteref-79">return</a>)<br > [ {aluktazon}, a word of doubtful meaning which is not found elsewhere.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-80" id="link9note-80"> + <a id="link9note-80"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 80 (<a href="#link9noteref-80">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. 300,000.] + 80 (<a href="#link9noteref-80">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. 300,000.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-81" id="link9note-81"> + <a id="link9note-81"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 81 (<a href="#link9noteref-81">return</a>)<br /> [ {o Spartietes}: it has + 81 (<a href="#link9noteref-81">return</a>)<br > [ {o Spartietes}: it has been proposed to read {Spartietai}, for it can hardly be supposed that the other two were not Spartans also.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-82" id="link9note-82"> + <a id="link9note-82"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 82 (<a href="#link9noteref-82">return</a>)<br /> [ One MS. at least calls + 82 (<a href="#link9noteref-82">return</a>)<br > [ One MS. at least calls him Aeimenstos, cp. ch. 64: Thucydides (iii. [Footnote 52) mentions Aeimnestos as the name of a Plataian citizen, the father of Lacon. Stein observes that in any case this cannot be that Arimnestos who is mentioned by Plutarch as commander of the Plataian contingent.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-83" id="link9note-83"> + <a id="link9note-83"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 83 (<a href="#link9noteref-83">return</a>)<br /> [ {eoutou axion + 83 (<a href="#link9noteref-83">return</a>)<br > [ {eoutou axion prophumeumenou apodexasthai}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-84" id="link9note-84"> + <a id="link9note-84"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 84 (<a href="#link9noteref-84">return</a>)<br /> [ {atelein te kai + 84 (<a href="#link9noteref-84">return</a>)<br > [ {atelein te kai proedrin}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-85" id="link9note-85"> + <a id="link9note-85"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 85 (<a href="#link9noteref-85">return</a>)<br /> [ vi. 92.] + 85 (<a href="#link9noteref-85">return</a>)<br > [ vi. 92.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-86" id="link9note-86"> + <a id="link9note-86"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 86 (<a href="#link9noteref-86">return</a>)<br /> [ {andra pentaethlon}.] + 86 (<a href="#link9noteref-86">return</a>)<br > [ {andra pentaethlon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-87" id="link9note-87"> + <a id="link9note-87"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 87 (<a href="#link9noteref-87">return</a>)<br /> [ {oute daimonon oute + 87 (<a href="#link9noteref-87">return</a>)<br > [ {oute daimonon oute theon}: heroes and in general divinities of the second order are included under the term {daimonon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-88" id="link9note-88"> + <a id="link9note-88"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 88 (<a href="#link9noteref-88">return</a>)<br /> [ Most of the commentators + 88 (<a href="#link9noteref-88">return</a>)<br > [ Most of the commentators (and following them the historians) understand the imperfect {ediokon} to express the mere purpose to attempt, and suppose that this purpose was actually hindered by the Lacedemonians, but for a mere half-formed purpose the expression {mekhri Thessalies} seems to definite, and Diodorus states - that Artabazos was pursued. I think therefore that Krüger is right in + that Artabazos was pursued. I think therefore that Krüger is right in understanding {eon} of an attempt to dissuade which was not successful. The alternative version would be "they were for pursuing them as far as Thessaly, but the Lacedemonians prevented them from pursuing fugitives."] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-89" id="link9note-89"> + <a id="link9note-89"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 89 (<a href="#link9noteref-89">return</a>)<br /> [ {akinakas}.] + 89 (<a href="#link9noteref-89">return</a>)<br > [ {akinakas}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-90" id="link9note-90"> + <a id="link9note-90"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 90 (<a href="#link9noteref-90">return</a>)<br /> [ Whether three tithes + 90 (<a href="#link9noteref-90">return</a>)<br > [ Whether three tithes were taken or only one is left uncertain.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-91" id="link9note-91"> + <a id="link9note-91"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 91 (<a href="#link9noteref-91">return</a>)<br /> [ "furniture furnished" is + 91 (<a href="#link9noteref-91">return</a>)<br > [ "furniture furnished" is hardly tolerable; perhaps Herodotus wrote {skenen} for {kataskeuen} here.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-92" id="link9note-92"> + <a id="link9note-92"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 92 (<a href="#link9noteref-92">return</a>)<br /> [ The connexion here is + 92 (<a href="#link9noteref-92">return</a>)<br > [ The connexion here is not satisfactory, and the chapter is in part a continuation of chapter 81: It is possible that ch. 82 may be a later addition by the author, thrown in without much regard to the context.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-93" id="link9note-93"> + <a id="link9note-93"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 93 (<a href="#link9noteref-93">return</a>)<br /> [ "Whereas however the + 93 (<a href="#link9noteref-93">return</a>)<br > [ "Whereas however the body of Mardonios had disappeared on the day after the battle (taken by whom I am not able to say....), it is reported with some show of reason that Dionysophanes, an Ephesian, was he who buried it." The construction @@ -19224,640 +18730,269 @@ Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger corruption of text.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-94" id="link9note-94"> + <a id="link9note-94"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 94 (<a href="#link9noteref-94">return</a>)<br /> [ {tous irenas}. Spartans + 94 (<a href="#link9noteref-94">return</a>)<br > [ {tous irenas}. Spartans between twenty and thirty years old were so called. The MSS. have {ireas}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-95" id="link9note-95"> + <a id="link9note-95"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 95 (<a href="#link9noteref-95">return</a>)<br /> [ {proxeinon}.] + 95 (<a href="#link9noteref-95">return</a>)<br > [ {proxeinon}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-96" id="link9note-96"> + <a id="link9note-96"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 96 (<a href="#link9noteref-96">return</a>)<br /> [ "fill up more + 96 (<a href="#link9noteref-96">return</a>)<br > [ "fill up more calamities," cp. v. 4.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-97" id="link9note-97"> + <a id="link9note-97"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 97 (<a href="#link9noteref-97">return</a>)<br /> [ {es antilogien}.] + 97 (<a href="#link9noteref-97">return</a>)<br > [ {es antilogien}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-98" id="link9note-98"> + <a id="link9note-98"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 98 (<a href="#link9noteref-98">return</a>)<br /> [ {antilogies kuresein}.] + 98 (<a href="#link9noteref-98">return</a>)<br > [ {antilogies kuresein}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-99" id="link9note-99"> + <a id="link9note-99"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 99 (<a href="#link9noteref-99">return</a>)<br /> [ {ten mesogaian tamnon + 99 (<a href="#link9noteref-99">return</a>)<br > [ {ten mesogaian tamnon tes odou}, cp. vii. 124: The expression seems almost equivalent to {tamnon ten mesen odon}, apart from any question of inland or coast roads.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-100" id="link9note-100"> + <a id="link9note-100"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 100 (<a href="#link9noteref-100">return</a>)<br /> [ {limo sustantas kai + 100 (<a href="#link9noteref-100">return</a>)<br > [ {limo sustantas kai kamato}, "having struggled with hunger and fatigue."] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-101" id="link9note-101"> + <a id="link9note-101"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 101 (<a href="#link9noteref-101">return</a>)<br /> [ {autos}: some MSS. + 101 (<a href="#link9noteref-101">return</a>)<br > [ {autos}: some MSS. read {outos}. If the text is right, it means Artabazos as distinguished from his troops.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-102" id="link9note-102"> + <a id="link9note-102"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 102 (<a href="#link9noteref-102">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. "leader of the + 102 (<a href="#link9noteref-102">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. "leader of the army."] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-10201" id="link9note-10201"> + <a id="link9note-10201"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 10201 (<a href="#link9noteref-10201">return</a>)<br /> [ {en to Ionio + 10201 (<a href="#link9noteref-10201">return</a>)<br > [ {en to Ionio kolpo}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-103" id="link9note-103"> + <a id="link9note-103"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 103 (<a href="#link9noteref-103">return</a>)<br /> [ Stein reads {para + 103 (<a href="#link9noteref-103">return</a>)<br > [ Stein reads {para Khona potamon}, "by the river Chon," a conjecture derived from Theognostus.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-104" id="link9note-104"> + <a id="link9note-104"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 104 (<a href="#link9noteref-104">return</a>)<br /> [ It is thought by some + 104 (<a href="#link9noteref-104">return</a>)<br > [ It is thought by some Editors that "the prophets" just above, and these words, "and they told them," are interpolated.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-105" id="link9note-105"> + <a id="link9note-105"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 105 (<a href="#link9noteref-105">return</a>)<br /> [ {emphuton mantiken}, + 105 (<a href="#link9noteref-105">return</a>)<br > [ {emphuton mantiken}, as opposed to the {entekhnos mantike} possessed for example by Melampus, cp. ii. 49.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-106" id="link9note-106"> + <a id="link9note-106"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 106 (<a href="#link9noteref-106">return</a>)<br /> [ Or possibly + 106 (<a href="#link9noteref-106">return</a>)<br > [ Or possibly "Calamoi."] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-107" id="link9note-107"> + <a id="link9note-107"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 107 (<a href="#link9noteref-107">return</a>)<br /> [ i.e. 60,000.] + 107 (<a href="#link9noteref-107">return</a>)<br > [ i.e. 60,000.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-10701" id="link9note-10701"> + <a id="link9note-10701"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 10701 (<a href="#link9noteref-10701">return</a>)<br /> [ {ton Potneion}, + 10701 (<a href="#link9noteref-10701">return</a>)<br > [ {ton Potneion}, i.e. either the Eumenides or Demeter and Persephone.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-108" id="link9note-108"> + <a id="link9note-108"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 108 (<a href="#link9noteref-108">return</a>)<br /> [ {apistous toisi + 108 (<a href="#link9noteref-108">return</a>)<br > [ {apistous toisi Ellesi}. Perhaps the last two words are to be rejected, and {apistous} to be taken in its usual sense, "distrusted"; cp. viii. 22.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-109" id="link9note-109"> + <a id="link9note-109"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 109 (<a href="#link9noteref-109">return</a>)<br /> [ {neokhmon an ti + 109 (<a href="#link9noteref-109">return</a>)<br > [ {neokhmon an ti poieein}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-110" id="link9note-110"> + <a id="link9note-110"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 110 (<a href="#link9noteref-110">return</a>)<br /> [ {pheme eseptato}.] + 110 (<a href="#link9noteref-110">return</a>)<br > [ {pheme eseptato}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-111" id="link9note-111"> + <a id="link9note-111"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 111 (<a href="#link9noteref-111">return</a>)<br /> [ {eteralkea}, cp. viii. + 111 (<a href="#link9noteref-111">return</a>)<br > [ {eteralkea}, cp. viii. 11.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-112" id="link9note-112"> + <a id="link9note-112"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 112 (<a href="#link9noteref-112">return</a>)<br /> [ {ton Perseon}: perhaps + 112 (<a href="#link9noteref-112">return</a>)<br > [ {ton Perseon}: perhaps we should read {ek ton Perseon}, "appointed by the Persians to guard the passes."] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-113" id="link9note-113"> + <a id="link9note-113"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 113 (<a href="#link9noteref-113">return</a>)<br /> [ {ti neokhmon + 113 (<a href="#link9noteref-113">return</a>)<br > [ {ti neokhmon poieoien}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-114" id="link9note-114"> + <a id="link9note-114"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 114 (<a href="#link9noteref-114">return</a>)<br /> [ {ten kephalen smatai}: + 114 (<a href="#link9noteref-114">return</a>)<br > [ {ten kephalen smatai}: the meaning is uncertain.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-115" id="link9note-115"> + <a id="link9note-115"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 115 (<a href="#link9noteref-115">return</a>)<br /> [ {Pou de kou me + 115 (<a href="#link9noteref-115">return</a>)<br > [ {Pou de kou me apolesas}: some Editors read {ko} for {kou} (by conjecture), and print the clause as a statement instead of a question, "not yet hast thou caused by ruin."] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-116" id="link9note-116"> + <a id="link9note-116"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 116 (<a href="#link9noteref-116">return</a>)<br /> [ {en to aduto}.] + 116 (<a href="#link9noteref-116">return</a>)<br > [ {en to aduto}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-117" id="link9note-117"> + <a id="link9note-117"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 117 (<a href="#link9noteref-117">return</a>)<br /> [ {aphuktos}: many + 117 (<a href="#link9noteref-117">return</a>)<br > [ {aphuktos}: many Editors adopt the reading {aphulakto} from inferior MSS., "they fell upon him when he was, as one may say, off his guard."] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-118" id="link9note-118"> + <a id="link9note-118"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 118 (<a href="#link9noteref-118">return</a>)<br /> [ {estergon ta + 118 (<a href="#link9noteref-118">return</a>)<br > [ {estergon ta pareonta}.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-119" id="link9note-119"> + <a id="link9note-119"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 119 (<a href="#link9noteref-119">return</a>)<br /> [ {ekpheugonta}: many + 119 (<a href="#link9noteref-119">return</a>)<br > [ {ekpheugonta}: many Editors have {ekphugonta}, "after he had escaped."] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-120" id="link9note-120"> + <a id="link9note-120"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 120 (<a href="#link9noteref-120">return</a>)<br /> [ {tarikhos eon}. The + 120 (<a href="#link9noteref-120">return</a>)<br > [ {tarikhos eon}. The word {tarikhos} suggests the idea of human bodies embalmed, as well as of dried or salted meat.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-121" id="link9note-121"> + <a id="link9note-121"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 121 (<a href="#link9noteref-121">return</a>)<br /> [ {oi}: some Editors + 121 (<a href="#link9noteref-121">return</a>)<br > [ {oi}: some Editors approve the conjecture {moi}, "impose upon myself this penalty."] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-122" id="link9note-122"> + <a id="link9note-122"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 122 (<a href="#link9noteref-122">return</a>)<br /> [ {sanidas}: some read + 122 (<a href="#link9noteref-122">return</a>)<br > [ {sanidas}: some read by conjecture {sanidi}, or {pros sanida}: cp. vii. 33.] </p> <p> - <a name="link9note-123" id="link9note-123"> + <a id="link9note-123"> <!-- Note --></a> </p> <p class="foot"> - 123 (<a href="#link9noteref-123">return</a>)<br /> [ Or, "when he had heard + 123 (<a href="#link9noteref-123">return</a>)<br > [ Or, "when he had heard this, although he did not admire the proposal, yet bade them do so if they would."] </p> - <p> - <br /> <br /> - </p> -<pre xml:space="preserve"> - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The History Of Herodotus, by Herodotus - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE HISTORY OF HERODOTUS *** - -***** This file should be named 2456-h.htm or 2456-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/2/4/5/2456/ - -Produced by John Bickers, Dagny, and David Widger - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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