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Notes And Queries, Issue 75.
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Project Gutenberg's Notes and Queries, Number 75, April 5, 1851, by Various
This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
Title: Notes and Queries, Number 75, April 5, 1851
A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists,
Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.
Author: Various
Other: George Bell
Release Date: November 7, 2007 [EBook #23402]
Language: English
Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES ***
Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins
and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images
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Journals.)
</pre>
<p><!-- Page 257 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page257"></a>{257}</span></p>
<h1>NOTES AND QUERIES:</h1>
<h2>A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES,
GENEALOGISTS, ETC.</h2>
<hr class="full" >
<h3><b>"When found, make a note of."</b>—CAPTAIN CUTTLE.</h3>
<hr class="full" >
<table width="100%" class="nomar" summary="masthead" title="masthead">
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left; width:25%">
<p><b>No. 75.</b></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align:center; width:50%">
<p><b><span class="sc">Saturday, April 5. 1851.</span></b></p>
</td>
<td style="text-align:right; width:25%">
<p><b>Price Threepence.<br />Stamped Edition 4d.</b></p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<hr class="full" >
<h2>CONTENTS.</h2>
<table width="100%" class="nomar" summary="Contents" title="Contents">
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left; width:94%">
</td>
<td style="text-align:right; width:5%">
<p>Page</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">
<p>Two Chancellors, by Edward Foss</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align:right">
<p><a href="#page257">257</a></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">
<p>Illustrations of Chaucer, No. III.</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align:right">
<p><a href="#page258">258</a></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">
<p>Folk Lore:—Cure of Hooping Cough—Charms from
Devonshire—Lent Lilies—Oak Webs, &c.</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align:right">
<p><a href="#page258">258</a></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">
<p>The Threnodia Carolina of Sir Thomas Herbert, by Bolton Corney</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align:right">
<p><a href="#page259">259</a></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">
<p>Minor Notes:—Shakspeare's Venus and Adonis—Moorfields
in Charles II.'s Time—Derivation of Yankee—A Word to
Literary Men</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align:right">
<p><a href="#page260">260</a></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">
<p><span class="sc">Queries</span>:</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">
<p>Poems of John Seguard of Norwich, by Sir F. Madden</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align:right">
<p><a href="#page261">261</a></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">
<p>Epitaph on the Countess of Pembroke</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align:right">
<p><a href="#page262">262</a></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">
<p>Minor Queries:—The Vellum-bound Junius—What is a
Tye?—"Marriage is such a Rabble Rout"—Arms of Robert
Nelson—Knebsend or Nebsend, co. York —Moore's
Almanack—Archbishop Loftus—Matrix of Monastic
Seal—Syriac Scriptures and Lexicon— Villiers Duke of
Buckingham—Porci solidi-pedes— The Heywood
Family—Was Charles II. ever in Wales?—Dog's Head in the
Pot—"Poor Alinda's growing old"</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align:right">
<p><a href="#page262">262</a></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">
<p><span class="sc">Minor Queries Answered</span>:—Who was the
Author of "The Modest Enquiry, &c."?—William Penn's Family
—Deal, Dover, and Harwich—Author of Broad Stone of
Honour—Pope Joan—The Well o' the World's End—Sides
and Angles—Meaning of Ratche —"Feast of Reason,"
&c.—Tu autem</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align:right">
<p><a href="#page264">264</a></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">
<p><span class="sc">Replies</span>:—</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">
<p>Barons of Hugh Lupus</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align:right">
<p><a href="#page266">266</a></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">
<p>Edmund Prideaux and the First Post-office</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align:right">
<p><a href="#page266">266</a></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">
<p>Lady Jane of Westmoreland</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align:right">
<p><a href="#page268">268</a></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">
<p>Replies to Minor Queries:—Ulm Manuscript—Father
Maximilian Hell—Meaning of "strained" as used by
Shakspeare—Headings of Chapters in English Bibles</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align:right">
<p><a href="#page269">269</a></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">
<p><span class="sc">Miscellaneous</span>:—</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">
<p>Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c.</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align:right">
<p><a href="#page269">269</a></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">
<p>Books and Odd Volumes wanted</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align:right">
<p><a href="#page270">270</a></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">
<p>Notices to Correspondents</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align:right">
<p><a href="#page270">270</a></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">
<p>Advertisements</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align:right">
<p><a href="#page271">271</a></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:left">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<hr class="full" >
<h2>Notes.</h2>
<h3>TWO CHANCELLORS.</h3>
<p>Although neither your readers nor I are politicians enough to
interfere in the changes proposed with reference to the office of Lord
Chancellor, I doubt not that some of them, now the subject is on the
<i>tapis</i>, may feel interested in a fact connected with it, which our
ancient records disclose: namely, that on one occasion there were <i>two
chancellors</i> acting at the same time for several months together, and
both regularly appointed by the king.</p>
<p>It is an unique instance, occurring in the reign of Edward IV.: the
two chancellors being Thomas Rotheram, Bishop of Lincoln, and John
Alcock, Bishop of Rochester. The former received the Great Seal in May,
1474, in the fourteenth year of the reign, and without any doubt
continued chancellor till the king's death; and yet, from April to
September in the following year, the latter was also addressed by the
same title. During that interval of five months, there are numerous writs
of Privy Seal addressed by the king to both, in which each of them is
styled "our chancellor."</p>
<p>This curious circumstance may be thus accounted for. King Edward had
for some time been contemplating an invasion of France; and when his
preparations were completed (about April), as he required his chancellor,
Bishop Rotheram, to attend him on the expedition, it became necessary to
provide some competent person to transact the business of the Chancery in
his absence. On previous occasions of this nature, it had been usual to
place the seal that was used in England, when the king was abroad, in the
hands of the Master of the Rolls, or some other master in Chancery, with
the title of Keeper: but, for some unexplained reason (perhaps because
Bishop Alcock was a man whom the king delighted to honour), this prelate
was dignified with the superior designation, although Bishop Rotheram
still retained it. The voyage being delayed from April to July, during
the whole of that period, each being in England, both acted in the same
character; Privy Seals, as I have said, being sent to both, and bills in
Chancery being addressed also to Bishop Alcock as chancellor. Rotheram
was with the king in France as his chancellor, and is so described on
opening the negotiation in August, which led to the discreditable peace
by which Edward made himself a pensioner to the French king. No Privy
Seals were addressed to Alcock after September 28; which may therefore be
considered the close of this double chancellorship, and the date of
Bishop Rotheram's return to England.</p>
<p>Who knows whether the discovery of this ancient authority may not
suggest to our legislators the division of the title between two
possessors <!-- Page 258 --><span class="pagenum"><a
name="page258"></a>{258}</span>with distinct duties, in the same manner
that two chief justices were substituted in the reign of Henry III. for
one chief justiciary?</p>
<p>The immediate interest of this fact has prompted me to anticipate its
appearance in the volumes of my work, which you have been kind enough to
announce as being in the press.</p>
<p class="author"><span class="sc">Edward Foss.</span>
<hr class="short" >
<h3>ILLUSTRATIONS OF CHAUCER, NO. III.</h3>
<div class="poem">
<div class="stanza">
<p class="hg3">"Now flieth Venus in to Ciclinius tour.</p>
<p> * * * * * *</p>
<p class="hg3">"Alas, and there hath she no socour,</p>
<p>For she ne found ne sey no maner wight.</p>
<p> * * * * * *</p>
<p class="hg3">"Wherefore her selven for to hide and save,</p>
<p>Within the gate she fledde in to a cave.</p>
<p> * * * * * *</p>
<p class="hg3">"Now God helpe sely Venus alone,</p>
<p>But as God wold it happed for to be,</p>
<p>That while the weping Venus made her mone,</p>
<p>Ciclinius riding in his chirachee,</p>
<p><i>Fro Venus Valanus might this palais see;</i></p>
<p>And Venus he salveth and maketh chere,</p>
<p>And her receiveth as his frende full dere."</p>
<p class="i6"><i>Complaint of Mars and Venus.</i></p>
</div>
</div>
<p>Having in my last communication (Vol. iii., p. 235.) shown cause for
the alteration in the foregoing quotation of Ciclinius into Cyllenius, I
shall now endeavour to interpret the line in Italics, which in its
present shape is utterly without meaning.</p>
<p>Whatever word <i>Valanus</i> may be supposed to represent, whether a
proper or a common name, still the construction of the whole line is
evidently corrupt.</p>
<p>Taking Valanus, in the first place, as a proper name, the most
probable original would be <span class="sc">Valens</span>; for the
connexion of which with Mercury we must refer to Cicero (<i>De Nat.
Deor.</i> iii. 22.), where mention is made of it in these
words:—</p>
<blockquote class="b1n">
<p>"Alter (Mercurius) <i>Valentis</i> et Phoronidis filius, is qui sub
terris habetur idem Trophonius."</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Here the identification with Trophonius strikes us at once as
affording a clue to <span class="scac">THE CAVE</span> into which Venus
fled, giving great probability to Valens as the true solution of
Chaucer's meaning.</p>
<p>But if we receive it as such, the following hypothesis becomes
necessary, viz., that Chaucer imagined a <i>double impersonation</i> of
Mercury—one absent, the other present,—one sidereal, the
other mythological,—one Cyllenius, the other Valens.</p>
<p>When Venus first enters Mercury's "palais," she "<i>ne found ne sey no
maner wight</i>." This signifies the absence from home of
<i>Cyllenius</i>, who was abroad upon "his chirachee" in attendance upon
the Sun; and here again is an instance of the nice astronomical accuracy
of Chaucer. It was impossible that the <i>planet</i> Mercury could be in
the sign Gemini, because his greatest elongation, or apparent distance
from the sun, does not exceed 29 degrees; so that the Sun having but just
entered Taurus, Mercury could not be in Gemini. Neither could Venus see
Valens (the other impersonation of Mercury), because of his concealment
in the cave; but when she entered the cave, then she was welcomed and
received by him.</p>
<p>Now, to render the text conformable with this interpretation, some
alteration in the construction is necessary, as indeed it must be in any
attempt to render the passage intelligible.</p>
<p>Taking, away the word "Fro," and transposing "might" to the other side
of "Valanus," the lines would stand thus,—</p>
<div class="poem">
<div class="stanza">
<p class="i4hg3">"—— it happed for to be</p>
<p>That, while the weping Venus made her mone,</p>
<p>(Cyllenius riding in his chirachee)</p>
<p>Venus might Valens in this palais see;</p>
<p>And Venus he salveth and maketh chere</p>
<p>And her receiveth as his frende full dere!"</p>
</div>
</div>
<p>On the other supposition of "Valanus" being a common name, to which a
capital letter has been prefixed in mistake, then the only word for which
it would appear to be a probable substitution would be "Vallum," in the
sense of a border or rampart; but the application would be so far-fetched
that I shall not attempt it, especially as I look upon the explanation
afforded by "Valens" as most probably the true one.</p>
<p class="author">A. E. B.
<p>Leeds, March 20. 1851.</p>
<hr class="short" >
<h3>FOLK LORE.</h3>
<p><i>Cure of Hooping Cough.</i>—There is a superstition in
Cheshire that hooping cough may be cured by holding a toad for a few
moments with its head within the mouth of the person affected. I heard
only the other day of a cure by this somewhat disagreeable process; the
toad was said to have caught the disease, which in this instance proved
fatal to it in a few hours.</p>
<p class="author">A. H. H.
<p><i>Charms from Devonshire.</i>—The following charms were
obtained from an old woman in this parish, though probably they are all
known to you already:</p>
<div class="poem">
<div class="stanza">
<p>(<i>a.</i>) <i>For a Scald or Burn.</i></p>
</div>
<div class="stanza">
<p class="hg3">"There were three angels came from The East and West,</p>
<p>One brought fire and another brought frost,</p>
<p>And the third it was the Holy Ghost.</p>
<p>Out fire, in frost, in the Name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. Amen."</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="poem">
<div class="stanza">
<p>(<i>b.</i>) <i>For a Sprain.</i></p>
</div>
</div>
<blockquote class="b1n">
<p>"As our Blessed Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ was riding into
Jerusalem, His horse tripped and sprained his leg. Our Blessed Lord and
Saviour blessed it, and said,</p>
</blockquote>
<div class="poem">
<div class="stanza">
<p class="hg1">'Bone to bone, and vein to vein,</p>
<p>O vein, turn to thy rest again!'</p>
</div>
</div>
<blockquote class="b1n">
<p>M. N. so shall thine, in the Name," &c.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><!-- Page 259 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page259"></a>{259}</span></p>
<div class="poem">
<div class="stanza">
<p>(<i>c.</i>) <i>For stopping Blood.</i></p>
</div>
</div>
<blockquote class="b1n">
<p>"Our Blessed Saviour was born in Bethlehem and baptized in the river
Jordan.</p>
</blockquote>
<div class="poem">
<div class="stanza">
<p class="hg1">'The Waters were wild and rude.</p>
<p>The child Jesus was meek, mild, and good.'</p>
</div>
</div>
<blockquote class="b1n">
<p>He put His foot into the waters, and the waters stopped, and so shall
thy blood, in the Name," &c.</p>
</blockquote>
<div class="poem">
<div class="stanza">
<p>(<i>d.</i>) <i>For the Tooth-ache.</i></p>
</div>
</div>
<blockquote class="b1n">
<p>"All glory! all glory! all glory! be to the Father, and to the Son,
and to the Holy Ghost.</p>
<p>"As our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ was walking in the garden of
Gethsamene, He saw Peter weeping. He called him unto Him, and said, Peter
why, weepest thou? Peter answered and said, Lord, I am grievously
tormented with pain, the pain of my tooth. Our Lord answered and said, If
thou wilt believe in Me, and My words abide with thee, thou shalt never
feel any more pain in thy tooth. Peter said, Lord, I believe, help Thou
my unbelief. In the Name, &c.</p>
<p>"God grant M. N. ease from the pain in his teeth."</p>
</blockquote>
<p>(<i>e.</i>) <i>For Fits.</i>—Go into a church at midnight and
walk three times round the communion table. This was done in this parish
a few years since.</p>
<p>(<i>f.</i>) An inhabitant of this parish told me that his father went
into Lydford Church, at twelve o'clock at night, and cut off some lead
from every diamond pane in the windows with which he made a heart, to be
worn by his wife afflicted with "<i>breastills</i>," i.e. <i>sore
breasts</i>.</p>
<p>(<i>g.</i>) The skin cast by a snake is very useful in extracting
thorns, &c. from the body, but, unlike I other remedies, it is
repellent, not attractive; hence it must always be applied on the
opposite side to that on which the thorn entered. In some cases where the
skin has been applied on the same side, it has forced the thorn
completely through the hand.</p>
<p><i>Lent Lilies.—Oak Webs, &c.</i>—In this part of
Cornwall, the native yellow narcissus, known in most counties, and in the
books, as <i>daffodils</i> (the "Daffy Down Dilly" of your correspondent,
Vol. iii. p. 220.), are called only by the name of <i>Lent lilies</i>, or
simply <i>Lents</i>, and are commonly sold by the poor children,
frequently in exchange for <i>pins</i>. The pleasing name reminds one of
Michaelmas Daisy (<i>Chrysanthemum</i>), Christmas rose (<i>Helleborus
niger</i>), and the beautiful pasque flower (<i>Anemone
pulsatilla</i>).</p>
<p>The common beetle called cockchafer is here known only as the
<i>oak-web</i>, and a smaller beetle as <i>fern-web</i>. It seems hard to
guess why they should be named <i>web</i> (which in Anglo-Saxon means
<i>weaver</i>), as they do not, I think, form any cocoon.</p>
<p class="author">H. G. T.
<p>Launceston.</p>
<hr class="short" >
<h3>THE THRENODIA CAROLINA OF SIR THO. HERBERT.</h3>
<p>The <i>Threnodia Carolina</i> of sir Thomas Herbert is a jewel of
historical composition, and I am persuaded that a new edition of it, if
formed on a collation of the best manuscripts, and illustrated by
extracts from the principal historians of the same period, would not only
be received by the public with thanks, but with expressions of surprise
that so rare a treasure should have been suffered to remain in such
comparative obscurity.</p>
<p>There are four manuscripts of the work in public libraries, two of
which I am enabled to describe.</p>
<p>1. The Harleian Ms. in the British Museum, No. 7396.</p>
<p>This Ms. is in folio. The preliminary leaves have the notes marked 1,
2, 3—the second being in the handwriting of sir William Dugdale.
The narrative occupies thirty-six pages, with interlinear corrections and
additions. This Ms. does not contain the words <i>This brief
narrative</i>, &c. nor the letter dated the 3d Nov. 1681.</p>
<blockquote class="b1n">
<p class="cenhead"><span class="scac">"THRENODIA CAROLINA."</span></p>
<p>(1) "This book contains S<sup>r</sup> Tho. Herberts memoirs being the
original in his own hand sent to S<sup>r</sup> W<sup>m</sup> Dugdale in
1678."</p>
<p>(2) "A true and perfect narrative of the most remarkable passages
relating to king Charles the first of blessed memory, written by the
proper land of S<sup>r</sup> Thomas Herbert baronet, who attended upon
his ma<sup>tie</sup> from Newcastle upon Tine, when he was sold by the
Scotts, during the whole time of his greatest afflictions, till his death
and buriall; w<sup>ch</sup> was sent to me S<sup>r</sup> Will<sup>m</sup>
Dugdale knight, garter principall king of armes, in Michaellmasse Terme
a<sup>o</sup>. 1678, by the said S<sup>r</sup> Thomas Herbert, from
Yorke, where he resideth."</p>
<p class="cenhead"><span class="scac">"VERITAS ODIUM PARIT."</span></p>
<p>(3) "Court passages in the two last yeares of the raigne of king
Charles the first, during y<sup>e</sup> time of his affliction."</p>
<p>2. The Harleian Ms. in the British Museum, No. 4705.</p>
<p>This Ms. is in small folio. It was formerly in the possession of Peter
le Neve, norroy. A preliminary leaf has the subjoined attestation by sir
William Dugdale. The narrative is much more ample and circumstantial than
in the former Ms., but it is not all in the handwriting of sir Thomas
Herbert. The letter dated 3 November 1681, and the relations of
Huntington, Cooke, and Firebrace, are added in the handwriting of
Dugdale; also, the names of persons who corresponded with Charles I.
while he was a prisoner in the Isle of Wight. The passages transcribed by
the <span class="sc">Rev. Alfred Gatty</span> appear in this
Ms.—also in the edition of 1702. The edition of 1813 is a
<i>verbatim</i> reprint of the first and second articles of that of 1702.
It was edited by Mr. George Nicol.</p>
<p class="cenhead"><span class="scac">"CAROLINA THRENODIA."</span></p>
<p>"This booke containeth a large answer to a short letter sent by
S<sup>r</sup> Will<sup>m</sup> Dugdale kn<sup>t</sup> (garter; principall
king of armes) unto S<sup>r</sup> Thomas Herbert baronet, <!-- Page 260
--><span class="pagenum"><a name="page260"></a>{260}</span>residing in
the citty of Yorke. By w<sup>ch</sup> letter he did desire the sayd
S<sup>r</sup> Thomas Herbert to informe him of such materiall passages,
as he had observed touching the late king Charles the first (of blessed
memory) during the time that he the sayd S<sup>r</sup> Thomas did attend
him in person; B<sup>t</sup> for the two last yeares of his afflicted
life."</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The other Mss. alluded to are preserved in the Ashmolean Museum at
Oxford. The most important is No. 1141., which is minutely described in
the admirable catalogue compiled by Mr. Black. A transcript of the
<i>Threnodia Carolina</i> by Ant. à Wood, also in the Ashmolean Museum,
is recorded by Huddesford.</p>
<p>As there were two <i>recensions</i> of the narrative, I have added a
specimen of each of the Harleian Mss., which may serve as a clue to the
nature of other copies, whether in public libraries, or in private
hands.</p>
<blockquote class="b1n">
<p>"The Lords ordered a girdle or circumscription of Capitall Letters to
be cutt in Lead and putt about the Coffin. being onely these wordes</p>
<p class="cenhead"><span class="sc">King Charles</span><br />
1648.</p>
<p>The kings body was then brought from the chamber to Saint Georges
hall. whence after a Little pause, it was w<sup>th</sup> a slow pase
& much sorrow carrye'd by those gentlemen that were in mourninge: the
Lords in blacks following the royall Corpes & many gentlemen after
them, and their attendants."—<span class="sc">Threnodia
Carolina</span>, p. 36. Harleian MS. 7396.</p>
<p>"The girdle or circumscription of Capitall Letters in Lead putt about
the Coffin had onely these words.</p>
<p class="cenhead"><span class="sc">King-Charles.</span><br />
1648.</p>
<p>The Kings body was then brought from his Bed-chamber, downe into
S<sup>t</sup> Georges-hall; whence after a little stay, itt was with a
slow and solemn pace (much sorrow in most faces discernable) carryed by
gentlemen that were of some quallity and in mourning. the Lords in like
habitts followed the Royall Corps. the Governor, and severall gentlemen,
and officers, and attendants came after."—<span class="sc">Carolina
Threnodia</span>, p. 80. Harleian MS. 4705.</p>
</blockquote>
<p class="author"><span class="sc">Bolton Corney.</span>
<p><i>Sir Thomas Herbert's Memoirs of Charles I.</i>—The question
suggested by <span class="sc">Mr. Gatty's</span> first note upon this
subject was one of some importance, viz., whether the original MS. in the
possession of his friend contained anything of Sir Thomas Herbert's not
hitherto published? There is no doubt that the "Memoir of the two last
years of King Charles I." was written by Sir Thomas Herbert, after his
retirement to his native city of York, at the request of the author of
the <i>Athenæ Oxonienses</i>, who made use of nearly the whole of it in
compiling that great work, adapting different portions to his
biographical notices of the persons to whom they principally related. The
notices of Colonel Joyce and Colonel Cobbet are chiefly composed of
extracts from Herbert's Memoir; whilst under the name of Herbert himself
not more than about one-third of his own communication will be found.</p>
<p>The first edition of the <i>Athenæ</i> was not published until 1691,
several years after Sir Thomas Herbert's death; and the memoir in a
complete form, with the title of <i>Threnodia Carolina</i>, did not
appear until the year 1702, when it was published by Dr. Charles Goodall,
physician to the Charter House, together with other tracts relating to
Charles I. This is doubtless the volume described by <span class="sc">Mr.
Bolton Corney</span> (vol. iii., p. 157.), who will, I hope, favour your
readers with the information requested by <span class="sc">Mr.
Gatty</span> (p. 222.).</p>
<p>The Memoir, as published in 1813 by G. and W. Nicol, Booksellers, Pall
Mall, professes to be a faithful reprint of the former edition of 1702.
The commencing and concluding paragraphs in this reprint are precisely
the same as those transcribed by <span class="sc">Mr. Gatty's</span>
friend from the MS. in his possession. His idea, that an incorrect copy
of his MS. was improperly obtained, and published in 1813, seems to be
without foundation.</p>
<p class="author"><span class="grk">Δ</span>.
<hr class="full" >
<h2>Minor Notes.</h2>
<p><i>Shakspeare's Venus and Adonis.</i>—The following extract from
an advertisement in the <i>St. James's Chronicle</i>, April 15, 1779, is
worth a note as illustrative of the altered value of the book referred
to:—</p>
<blockquote class="b1n">
<p>"If any person is possessed of an impression of Shakspeare's <i>Venus
and Adonis</i>, 4to. Printed by Richard Field for John Harrison, 1593,
and will bring it to Mr. Thomas Longman, bookseller, in Paternoster Row,
he will receive one guinea for it."</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Malone gave 25<i>l.</i> for the copy in his collection in the
Bodleian.</p>
<p class="author">J. F. M.
<p><i>Moorfields in Charles II.'s Time.</i>—I copy this from <i>The
New Help to Discourse</i>, published about 1670:</p>
<blockquote class="b1n">
<p>"Two gentlemen of Stepney going homewards over Moor-fields, about
twelve of the clock at night, were staid by an impertinent constable with
many frivolous questions, more by half to show his office than his wit;
one whereof was, If they were not afraid to go home at that time of the
night? They answered, 'No.' 'Well,' said he, 'I shall let you pass at
this time; but if you should be knockt on the lead before you get home,
you cannot but report that there was a good watch kept in
Moor-fields."</p>
</blockquote>
<p class="author"><span class="sc">Blowen</span>.
<p><i>Yankee, Derivation of.</i>—The word <i>Yankee</i> is nothing
more than the word <i>English</i> so transformed by the imperfect
pronunciation of the natives of Massachusets—<i>Yenghis</i>,
<i>Yanghis</i>, <i>Yankies</i>. The orthography of this much-used
epithet, which is not given, we believe, in any English or American work,
was communicated to M. Philarète <!-- Page 261 --><span
class="pagenum"><a name="page261"></a>{261}</span>Charles by one of the
best-informed men of that province.</p>
<blockquote class="b1n">
<p>"Le mot Yankee, appliqué aujourd'hui comme sobriquet aux populations
agricoles et commerçantes du nord, n'est autre que le mot <i>English</i>
transformé par la prononciation défectueuse des indigènes du
Massachusets: <i>Yenghis</i>, <i>Yanghis</i>, <i>Yankies</i>. Nous tenons
de l'un des hommes les plus instruit de la province cette curieuse
étymologie, que ne donne aucun ouvrage americain ou anglais. Les Anglais,
quand ils se moquent des <i>Yankies</i>, se moquent
d'eux-mèmes."—Philarète Charles, "Les Americains," in <i>Revue des
Deux Mondes</i>, May 15, 1850.</p>
</blockquote>
<p class="author">J. M.
<p><i>A Word to Literary Men</i> (Vol. iii., p. 161.).—Perhaps
<span class="sc">Mr. Kenneth R. H. Mackenzie</span> will allow me to add
the following as a <i>rider</i> to his suggestion:—</p>
<blockquote class="b1n">
<p>"Even after all the labours of the Prussian scholars," says Dr.
Arnold, "much remains to be done towards obtaining a complete knowledge
of the number, and still more of the value, of the Greek MSS. now
existing in Europe. It is not easy to know how many MSS. of any given
writer are extant, where they are to be found, and, above all, whether
from their age and character they are worth the trouble of an exact
collation. A labour of this kind cannot be accomplished by individuals;
but the present spirit of liberal co-operation, which seems to influence
literary as well as scientific men throughout Europe, renders its
accomplishment by the combined exertions of the scholars of different
countries by no meals impracticable. It would be exceedingly convenient
to possess an alphabetical list of all the extant Greek and Latin
writers, with a <i>catalogue raisonnée</i> of the MSS. of each; and if
such a work were attempted, there is little doubt, I imagine, that in
point of number a very large addition would be made to the stock of MSS.
already known. What the result might be in point of value is another
question; still it is desirable to know what we have to trust to; and
when we have obtained a right estimate of our existing resources in
manuscripts, we shall then be better able to judge what modern criticism
will have to do from its own means towards bringing the text of the
ancient writers to the greatest possible state of
perfection."—Preface to <i>Thucydides</i>, vol. iii. page iv. 2d
edit.</p>
</blockquote>
<p class="author">M. N.
<hr class="full" >
<h2>Queries.</h2>
<h3>POEMS OF JOHN SEGUARD OF NORWICH.</h3>
<p>In the <i>Letters on the British Museum</i>, 1767 (referred to Vol.
iii., p. 208.), at p. 33. is given a short Latin poem, which the writer
states he "found among the manuscripts;" and adds, "It was written by
John Seward in the time of Henry V., who conquered Charles VI. of
France." The poem is as follows:</p>
<div class="poem">
<div class="stanza">
<p class="hg3">"Ite per extremam Tanaim, pigrosque Triones,</p>
<p>Ite per arentem Lybiam, superate calores</p>
<p>Solis, et arcanos Nili deprendite fontes,</p>
<p>Herculeumque sinum, Bacchi transcurrite metas,</p>
<p>Angli juris erit quicquid complectitur orbis.</p>
<p>Anglis rubra dabunt pretiosas æquora conchas,</p>
<p>Indus ebur, ramos Panchaia, vellera Seres,</p>
<p>Dum viget Henricus, dum noster vivit Achilles;</p>
<p>Est etenim laudes longe transgressus avitas."</p>
</div>
</div>
<p>If these lines are compared with the contemporary Leonine verses in
praise of Henry V., preserved in MS. Cott. Cleop. B. i. f. 173.
beginning:</p>
<div class="poem">
<div class="stanza">
<p class="hg3">"Ad Salvatoris laudes, titulos et honores."</p>
</div>
</div>
<p>their great superiority, in point of Latinity, will be perceived, and
this Query forthwith arises: Who was John Seward?</p>
<p>In reply to this, the following information has been collected. The
name of the author was not <i>Seward</i>, but <i>Seguard</i>. He is not
mentioned by Leland, but Bale calls him "insignis sui temporis rhetor ac
poeta;" and states further, that in the city of Norwich, "non sine magno
auditorum fructu, bonas artes ingenue profitebatur." He then gives a list
of his writings, among which is a work on Prosody, entitled
<i>Metristenchiridion</i>, addressed to Richard Courtney, Bishop of
Norwich, who held the see only from Sept. 1413 to Sept. 1415, and
therefore composed during that interval. He notices also a tract <i>De
miseria hominis</i>, together with <i>Carmina diversi generis</i> and
<i>Epistolæ ad diversos</i>; all of which, he says, he himself saw in
manuscripts in Merton College, Oxford, and in the Royal Library of Edward
VI. Pits, the next authority in point of date, chiefly follows Bale in
his account of John Seguard; but adds, "Equestris ordinis in Anglia patre
natus," and among his writings inserts one not specified by Bale, <i>De
laudibus Regis Henrici Quinti, versu</i>. Tanner copies the first of
these statements, yet, singular enough, omits all notice of the poem on
Henry V., the very one, apparently, cited in the <i>Letters on the
British Museum</i>. But there are further difficulties. It was natural to
suppose, that the MS. seen by Bale in the Royal Library would be there
still; and Tanner unhesitatingly refers to the volume marked 15 A. xxii.
art. 5., as the one which contained the poem <i>De miseria hominis</i>,
noted by Bale. On looking, however, at this manuscript, it became
apparent that both Bale and Tanner are in error in ascribing this poem to
Seguard. The handwriting is of the early part of the thirteenth century,
and consequently full a century and a half before the Norwich poet was
born! At the conclusion is this note, by the same hand:</p>
<blockquote class="b1n">
<p>"Hos versus, sicut nobis quidam veridicus retulit, Segardus junior de
Sancto Audomaro composuit."</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The writer here named is not mentioned in Fabricius, nor in the
<i>Histoire Littéraire de la France</i>. Besides the MS. in Merton
College, Oxford, referred to by Bale, which still exists there under the
signature Q. 3. 1., I find another in Bernard's <i>Catt.</i> <!-- Page
262 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page262"></a>{262}</span><i>MSS.
Angliæ</i>, 1697, vol. ii. p. 216., among the manuscripts of Sir Henry
Langley of Shropshire, "No. 22. Jo. Segnard [<i>read</i> Seguard]
Poemata." I would therefore close these remarks by requesting attention
to the following Queries:—</p>
<p>1. As Blomefield is silent on the subject, is anything more known
respecting the biography of John Seguard?</p>
<p>2. Can a list be obtained of the contents of the Merton
manuscript?</p>
<p>3. What became of the Langley MS., and where is it at present?</p>
<p>4. In what manuscript of the British Museum is the poem on Henry V.
contained?</p>
<p class="author"><span class="sc">F. Madden</span>.
<p>P.S. Since I wrote the above, I have found in the Sale Catalogue of
the Towneley library, 1814, pt. i. lot 396.:</p>
<blockquote class="b1n">
<p>"<i>Seguardi Opuscula.</i> Manuscript on vellum. This volume contains
several treatises not mentioned by Bale or Pits."</p>
</blockquote>
<p>It was purchased by Mr. Laing for 1<i>l.</i> 1<i>s.</i> May I,
therefore, add one more Query?</p>
<p>5. Can the present owner of this MS. (which is probably the same as
the Langley copy) furnish a note of its contents?</p>
<p class="author">F. M.
<hr class="short" >
<h3>EPITAPH ON THE COUNTESS OF PEMBROKE.</h3>
<p>Who was the writer of the oft-quoted lines,</p>
<div class="poem">
<div class="stanza">
<p class="hg3">"Underneath this marble (sable) hearse," &c.</p>
</div>
</div>
<p>intended, as all know, for an epitaph on Mary Sidney, afterwards
Countess of Pembroke, but not inscribed upon any monumental stone? They
are almost universally attributed to Ben Jonson, and are included amongst
his poems. But this is not conclusive evidence, as we also there find the
epitaph on Drayton, which was written by Quarles. In Aubrey's MS.
<i>Memoires of Naturall Remarques in Wilts</i>, these verses are said to
have been "made by Mr. Williā. Browne, who wrote the Pastoralls,
and they are inserted there." Mr. Britton, in his <i>Life of Aubrey</i>
(p. 96.), adds:</p>
<blockquote class="b1n">
<p>"It is essential to observe, that Aubrey is not alone in stating them
to be by Browne; for, in his note upon the subject, he left a blank for
the latter's Christian name, 'William,' which was filled up by Evelyn
when he perused the manuscript. Indeed, Evelyn added as a further note,
'<i>William</i>, Governor to the now Earl of Oxford.'"</p>
</blockquote>
<p>But these lines are not to be found in Browne's <i>Pastorals</i>. In
book ii., song 4., there is an epitaph, but which bears little
resemblance to the one in question. It concludes with the following
conceit:</p>
<div class="poem">
<div class="stanza">
<p class="hg3">"If to the grave there ever was assign'd</p>
<p>One like this nymph in body and in minde,</p>
<p>We wish here in balme, not vainely spent,</p>
<p>To fit this maiden with a monument,</p>
<p>For brass, and marble, were they seated here,</p>
<p>Would fret, or melt in tears, to lye so near."</p>
</div>
</div>
<p>Addison, in <i>The Spectator</i>, No. 323., speaks of this epitaph as
"written by an uncertain author." This was not more than seventy-five or
eighty years after Jonson's death. In the lives of the Sidneys, and in
Ballard's <i>Memoirs of Celebrated Ladies</i> (1752), no author is
mentioned; but the latter speaks of the epitaph as likely to be more
lasting than marble or brass. To the six lines which generally stand
alone, the following are added in the two last-mentioned works:</p>
<div class="poem">
<div class="stanza">
<p class="hg3">"Marble pyles let no man raise,</p>
<p>To her name, for after daies,</p>
<p>Some kind woman, born as she,</p>
<p>Reading this like Niobe,</p>
<p>Shall turn marble, and become,</p>
<p>Both her mourner and her tomb."</p>
</div>
</div>
<p>These are also given by Brydges in his <i>Peers Of James II.</i>, but
they are not in Jonson's works. Did they originally form part of the
epitaph, or are they the production of another and later author?</p>
<p>That this epitaph should be attributed to Jonson, may possibly have
arisen from the following lines being confounded with it. Jacob, in his
<i>English Poets</i>, says—</p>
<blockquote class="b1n">
<p>"To show that Ben was famous at <i>epigram</i>, I need only transcribe
the epitaph he wrote on the Lady Elizabeth L. H.:</p>
<div class="poem">
<div class="stanza">
<p class="hg3">"Underneath this stone doth lie</p>
<p>As much virtue as could die,</p>
<p>Which when alive did harbour give</p>
<p>To as much beauty as could live.</p>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
<p class="author">J. H. M.
<p>Bath.</p>
<hr class="full" >
<h2>Minor Queries.</h2>
<p><i>The Vellum-bound Junius.</i>—Mr. Cramp, in his late
publication, <i>Junius and his Works</i>, conjectures that the printer
having bound a copy of <i>Junius</i> for and under the direction of the
writer of the letters, followed the pattern in the binding of other
copies; and this, he says, "will account for similar copies having been
found in the libraries of so many persons, which from time to time has
occasioned so much speculation." With Mr. Cramp's conjecture I do not
concern myself; but I should be much obliged if he would inform me,
through your Journal, in what libraries, and where, these many
vellum-bound copies have been found, and where I can find the
speculations to which they have given rise.</p>
<p class="author">V. B.
<p><i>The Vellum-bound Junius.</i>—Some years ago, on reading the
private letters of Junius, addressed to H. S. Woodfall, and printed by G.
Woodfall, 1812, I was particularly struck by those of No. 58. and 59.,
wherein he states a desire to have one set of his letters (which were
published 3d March, 1772, by Woodfall) <i>bound in vellum</i>.</p>
<p>Constantly bearing in mind the fact of the vellum copy, I invariably
examined all the book <!-- Page 263 --><span class="pagenum"><a
name="page263"></a>{263}</span>catalogues that came in my way for it. At
last the long-wished-for object appeared in the Stowe sale, and I
immediately gave my agent instruction to purchase the book for me, and he
might offer as much as 10<i>l.</i>: he bid 8<i>l.</i>, and then it was
intimated that it was no use to go on; that fifty guineas would not
purchase it, or any other sum.</p>
<p>Query, Has this volume been in any other sale? if not, it certainly
connects the Buckingham family with Junius, though it does not prove the
author.</p>
<p class="author"><span class="sc">W. D. Haggard.</span>
<div class="note">
<p>[The Stowe copy of Junius, it appears, was bought by Mr. Rodd for
9<i>l.</i>, no doubt upon commission.]</p>
</div>
<p><i>What is a "Tye?"</i>—In Essex, many parishes have a place
called "the tye," which I believe is always an out-lying place where
three roads meet. In an old map I have seen one place now called "Tye"
written "Dei." Is it where a cross once stood, and Tye a corruption of
Dei? Forby, in his <i>East Anglian Vocabulary</i>, mentions it, but
cannot make it out.</p>
<p class="author"><span class="sc">A. Holt White.</span>
<p><i>"Marriage is such a Rabble Rout."</i>—In D'Israeli's
<i>Curiosities of Literature</i>, Moxon's edition, in 1 vol. p. 118., or
ed. edited by his son, vol. i. p. 363., under the head "A Literary Wife,"
are the lines—</p>
<div class="poem">
<div class="stanza">
<p class="hg3">"Marriage is such a rabble rout,</p>
<p>That those that are out, would fain get in;</p>
<p>And those that are in, would fain get out:"</p>
</div>
</div>
<p>quoted from Chaucer. I have heard these lines quoted as being from
<i>Hudibras</i>: as I cannot trace them in my editions of Chaucer of
Butler, perhaps some of your readers can tell me where I can find
them?</p>
<p class="author"><span class="sc">S. Wmson.</span>
<p><i>Arms of Robert Nelson.</i>—Can any of the numerous readers
and correspondents of "<span class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>"
describe the <i>armorial bearings</i> of <i>Robert Nelson, Esq.</i>, the
author of the <i>Companion for the Festivals and Fasts of the Church of
England</i>? He was buried in the burying-ground in Lamb's Conduit
Fields, January, 1714.</p>
<p class="author">G. F.
<p><i>Knebsend or Nebsend, co. York.</i>—Query, whereabouts in the
county of York is this place? I believe that one of the above is the way
of spelling, but at any rate they have the same sound.</p>
<p class="author">J. N. C.
<p><i>Moore's Almanack.</i>—Can any of your correspondents inform
me as to the history of <i>Moore's Almanack</i>?</p>
<p>What is the date of its first appearance? Was Francis Moore a real
personage, or merely a myth?</p>
<p class="author">H. P. W.
<p>Temple.</p>
<p><i>Archbishop Loftus.</i>—I shall be deeply obliged to any of
your correspondents who will inform me whether, and <i>where</i>, any
diary or private memoranda are known to exist of Adam Loftus, who was
Archbishop of Dublin nearly forty years, from 1567 to 1605, Lord
Chancellor of Ireland, and the first Provost of Trinity College, Dublin.
He was an ancestor of the Viscount Loftus, and of the Marquess of
Ely.</p>
<p class="author"><span class="sc">Henry Cotton.</span>
<p>Thurles, Ireland, March 20.</p>
<p><i>Matrix of Monastic Seal.</i>—A brass matrix has fallen into
my hands of a period certainly not much anterior to the Revolution.
Device, the Virgin and Child, their heads surrounded with nimbi; the
former holds in her right hand three lilies, the latter a globe and
cross. The legend is:</p>
<p class="cenhead"><span class="scac">"* SIG<span class="over">IL</span> . MON . <span class="over">B</span> . <span class="over">M</span> . DE . PRATO . ALIAS . DE . BONO . NVNCIO."</span></p>
<p>In the field, a shield charged with three lions passant. Can any
correspondent aid me in assigning it rightly? There was an Abbey of St.
Mary de Pratis at Leicester (Vide <i>Gent. Mag.</i>, vol. xciii. p. 9.);
and there is a church dedicated to "St. Mary in the Marsh at Norwich." In
a recent advertisement I find a notice of Scipio Ricci, Bishop of Pistoia
and Prato, so that the appellation is not very uncommon.</p>
<p class="author"><span class="sc">E. S. Taylor.</span>
<p><i>Syriac Scriptures and Lexicon.</i>—What edition of the
Peschito-Syriac version of the Old and New Testaments, respectively, is
considered the best? Also, what Syriac Lexicon stands highest for value
and accuracy?</p>
<p class="author"><span class="sc">T. Tn.</span>
<p><i>Villiers Duke of Buckingham.</i>—There is a tradition in
Portsmouth, that in the evening preceding his assassination, Villiers
Duke of Buckingham killed a sailor. Is there any authority for this?</p>
<p class="author">E. D.
<p><i>Porci solidi-pedes.</i>—Can any of your readers inform me if
any pigs with single hoofs are in existence in any county in England?
They are mentioned in a letter from Sir Thomas Browne to Dugdale the
antiquary.</p>
<p class="author">J. S. P. (a Subscriber).
<p><i>The Heywood Family.</i>—I am anxious to know if Thomas
Heywood, the dramatist, was in any way related to Nathaniel Heywood or
Oliver Heywood, the celebrated Nonconformist ministers in the seventeenth
century? Could any of your correspondents give me information on this
point?</p>
<p class="author">H. A. B.
<p>Trin. Coll. Camb.</p>
<p><i>Was Charles II. ever in Wales?</i>—There is a tradition
amongst the inhabitants of Glamorganshire, that, after his defeat at the
battle of Worcester, Charles come to Wales and staid a night at a place
called Llancaiach Vawr, in the parish of Gelligaer. The place then
belonged to a Colonel Pritchard, an officer in the Parliamentary army;
and the story relates that he made himself known to his host, and threw
himself upon his generosity for safety. The colonel assented to his
staying for <!-- Page 264 --><span class="pagenum"><a
name="page264"></a>{264}</span><i>one</i> night only, but went away
himself, afraid, as the story goes, that the Parliament should come to
know he had succoured Charles. I know that Llancaiach was a place of
considerable note long after that, and that an old farmer used to say he
had heard tile story from his father. The historians, I believe, are all
silent as to his having fled to Wales between the time of his defeat at
Worcester and the time he left the country.</p>
<p class="author"><span class="sc">Davydd Gam.</span>
<div class="note">
<p>[Some accounts state that Charles I. was entertained by Colonel
Prichard, when that monarch, travelling through Wales, lost his way
between Tredegar and Brecknock. (See Lewis's <i>Topographical Dictionary
of Wales</i>, art. "Gellygaer.")]</p>
</div>
<p><i>Dog's Head in the Pot.</i>—"Thomas Johnson, Citizen and
Haberdasher of London, by will, dated 3d Sept. 1563, gave 13<i>s.</i>
4<i>d.</i> annually to the highways between Barkway and
Dogshed-in-the-Pot, otherwise called Horemayd."</p>
<p>The Dogshed-in-the-Pot here mentioned was, as I infer, a public-house
in the parish of Great or Little Hormead in Hertfordshire, by the side of
the road from Barkway to London. In Akerman's <i>Tradesmen's Tokens
current in London</i> I find one (numbered 1442) of the
"Dogg's-Head-in-the-Potte" in Old Street, having the device of a dog
eating out of a pot; and the token of Oliver Wallis, in Red Cross Street
(No. 1610., <span class="scac">A.D.</span> 1667), has the device of a dog
eating out of a three-legged pot. In April, 1850, Hayward Brothers (late
R. Henly and Co.), wholesale and manufacturing builders ironmongers, 196.
Blackfriars Road, and 117. and 118. Union Street, Borough, London (who
state their business to have been established 1783), put forth an
advertisement headed with a woodcut of a dog eating out of a three-legged
pot.</p>
<p>Can any of your readers elucidate this sign of the "Dog's-head-in-the
Pot?"</p>
<p class="author"><span class="sc">C. H. Cooper.</span>
<p>Cambridge, May 24. 1850.</p>
<p><i>"Poor Allinda's growing old."</i>—Charles II., to vex the
Duchess of Cleveland, caused Will Legge to sing to her—</p>
<div class="poem">
<div class="stanza">
<p class="hg3">"Poor Allinda's growing old,</p>
<p>Those charms are now no more."</p>
</div>
</div>
<p>(See Lord Dartmouth's note in <i>Burnet</i>, vol. i. p. 458. ed.
1823.) Let me ask, through "<span class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>,"
Dr. Rimbault, Mr. Chappell, or any readers, where are these verses to be
found?</p>
<p class="author"><span class="sc">P. Cunningham.</span>
<hr class="full" >
<h2>Minor Queries Answered.</h2>
<p><i>Who was the Author of "The Modest Enquiry,
&c."?</i>—There is an anonymous tract, entitled <i>A Modest
Enquiry, &c.</i>, (4to. London, 1687), on the question of St. Peter's
ever having been at Rome: proving, in so far as a negative in the case
can be proved, in the most logical, full, clear, and satisfactory manner,
that—<i>He never was at Rome</i>; and <i>never was, either
nominally or otherwise, Bishop</i> <i>of the Church there</i>: and
showing the grounds for the contrary assertion to be altogether baseless
and untrue; being a tissue of self-contradicting forgeries and frauds,
invented long subsequently to the time, evidently for the sole purpose of
justifying the Papal pretensions of succession and derivation from the
Apostle; as those, and all its other claims, are founded alone upon that
fact, and must stand or fall with it.</p>
<p>The inquiry is conducted throughout with evidence of great
acquaintance with Scripture and much theological learning (though the
writer states himself to be a layman), without the least undue
pretension, and with the most perfect temperateness and impartiality. The
work would seem now well worth reprinting in a cheap and popular
form.</p>
<p>Who was the author?</p>
<p class="author">M.
<div class="note">
<p>[In Francis Peck's <i>Catalogue of Discourses in the Time of King
James II.</i>, No. 226., the name of <span class="sc">Henry Care</span>
is given as the author. A list of his other works may be found in Watt's
<i>Bibliotheca</i>.]</p>
</div>
<p><i>William Penn's Family.</i>—Can any of your correspondents
inform me to whom his eldest surviving son (William) was married, and
also to whom the children of the said son were married, as well as those
of his daughter Letitia (Mrs. Aubrey), if she had any? This son and
daughter were William Penn's children by his first marriage with Miss
Springett.</p>
<p class="author">A. U. C.
<div class="note">
<p>[William Penn, eldest son (of William Penn by Miss Springett), had two
children, Gulielma Maria, married to Charles Fell, and William Penn of
the Rocks in Sussex, who by his first wife, Christian Forbes, had a
daughter and heir, married to Peter Gaskell. Mrs. Aubrey was living in
1718. Our correspondent may also be referred to Mr. Hepworth Dixon's
recently published <i>William Penn, an Historical Biography</i>.]</p>
</div>
<p><i>Deal, Dover, and Harwich.</i>—Where do the following lines
come from?</p>
<div class="poem">
<div class="stanza">
<p class="hg3">"Deal, Dover, and Harwich,</p>
<p>The devil gave with his daughter in marriage;</p>
<p>And, by a codicil to his will,</p>
<p>He added Helvoet and the Brill."</p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="author">J. H. L.
<div class="note">
<p>[Francis Grose, in his <i>Collection of Proverbs</i>, speaks of them
as "A satirical squib thrown at the innkeepers of those places, in return
for the many impositions practised on travellers, as well natives as
strangers. Equally applicable to most other sea-ports."]</p>
</div>
<p><i>Author of Broad Stone of Honour.</i>—Who is the author of the
<i>Broad Stone of Honour</i>, of which mention is made in the <i>Guesses
at Truth</i>, 1st series, p. 230., &c., and in the <i>Ages of
Faith</i>, p. 236., works of some interest in reference to the Papal
discussions which are raging at present?</p>
<p class="author"><span class="sc">Nemo.</span>
<div class="note">
<p>[Kenelm M. Digby is the author of the <i>Broad Stone of
Honour</i>.]</p>
</div>
<p><!-- Page 265 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page265"></a>{265}</span></p>
<p><i>Pope Joan.</i>—Can any information be procured as to the
origin of the game called Pope Joan, and (what is of more importance) of
the above title, whether any such personage ever held the keys of St
Peter and wore the tiara? If so, at what period and for what time, and
what is known of her personal history?</p>
<p class="author"><span class="sc">Nemo.</span>
<div class="note">
<p>[That <i>Papissa Joanna</i> is merely a fictitious character, is now
universally acknowledged by the best authorities. "Clearer confirmations
must be drawn for the history of Pope Joan, who succeeded Leo IV. and
preceded Benedict III., than many we yet discover, and he wants not
grounds that doubts it." So thought Sir Thomas Browne, in his <i>Vulgar
Errors</i>, B. vii. Ch. 17. Gibbon, too, rejects it as fabulous. "Till
the Reformation," he says, "the tale was repeated and believed without
offence, and Joan's female statue long occupied her place among the Popes
in the Cathedral of Sienna. She has been annihilated by two learned
Protestants, Blondel and Bayle; but their brethren were scandalized by
this equitable and generous criticism. Spanheim and L'Enfant attempted to
save this poor engine of controversy, and even Mosheim condescends to
cherish some doubt and suspicion."—<i>The Decline and Fall of the
Roman Empire</i>, chap. xlix. Spanheim's work, <i>Joanna Papissa
Restituta</i>, was printed at Leyden in 1692.]</p>
</div>
<p><i>The Well o' the World's End.</i>—I am very anxious to find
out, whether there still exists in print (or if it is known to any one
now alive) an old Scotch fairy tale called "The Weary Well at the World's
End?" Charles Kirkpatrick Sharpe, Esq., who is unhappily dead lately,
knew the story and meant to write it down; but he became too infirm to do
so, and though many very old people in the hilly districts of Lammermoor
and Roxburghshire remember parts of it, and knew it in their youth, I
cannot find one who knows it entirely.</p>
<p class="author">L. M. M. R.
<div class="note">
<p>[Some references to the story alluded to by our correspondent will be
found in Dr. Leyden's valuable introduction to <i>The Complaynt of
Scotland</i>; and the story itself in Chambers's admirable collection of
Scottish Folk Lore, <i>Popular Rhymes of Scotland</i>, p. 236. of the
third edition, which form vol. vii. of the <i>Select Writings of Robert
Chambers</i>.]</p>
</div>
<p><i>Sides and Angles.</i>—What is the most simple and least
complicated method of determining the various relations of the sides and
angles of the acute and obtuse-angled triangles, without the aid of
trigonometry, construction, or, in fact, by any method except
arithmetic?</p>
<p class="author">F. G. F.
<p>St. Andrew's.</p>
<div class="note">
<p>[The relations of sides and angles cannot be obtained without
trigonometry in some shape. A very easy work has lately been published by
Mr. Hemming, in which there is as little as possible of technical
trigonometry.]</p>
</div>
<p><i>Meaning of Ratche.</i>—In John Frith's <i>Antithesis</i>,
published in 1529, he says:</p>
<blockquote class="b1n">
<p>"The pope and bishops hunt the wild deer, the fox, and the hare, in
their closed parks, with great cries, and horns blowing, with hounds and
<i>ratches</i> running."</p>
</blockquote>
<p>I should be glad to have the word <i>ratches</i> satisfactorily
explained.</p>
<p class="author">H. W.
<div class="note">
<p>[From a note by Steevens on the line in <i>King Lear</i> (Boswell's
<i>Shakspeare</i>, vol. x. p. 155.), it appears that the late Mr.
Hawkins, in his notes to <i>The Return from Parnassus</i>, p. 237., says,
"That a <i>rache</i> is a dog that hunts by scent wild beasts, birds, and
even fishes, and that the female of it is called a <i>brache</i>:" and in
<i>Magnificence</i>, an ancient Interlude of Morality, by Skelton,
printed by Rastell, no date, is the following line:</p>
<blockquote class="b1n">
<p>"Here is a leyshe of ratches to renne an hare."</p>
</blockquote>
<p>In a following note, Mr. Tollet, after saying "What is here said of a
<i>rache</i>, might, perhaps, be taken from Holinshed's <i>Description of
Scotland</i>, p. 14.," proceeds, "The females of all dogs were once
called <i>braches</i>; and Ulitius upon Gratius observes, 'Racha
Saxonibus canem significabat unde Scoti hodie <i>Rache</i> pro cane
fœmina habent, quod Anglis est <i>Brache</i>.'"]</p>
</div>
<p><i>"Feast of Reason," &c.</i>—Seeing your correspondents ask
where couplets are to be found, I venture to ask whence comes the
line—</p>
<div class="poem">
<div class="stanza">
<p class="hg3">"The feast of reason and the flow of soul."</p>
</div>
</div>
<p>I have often heard it asked, but never answered.</p>
<p class="author">H. W. D.
<div class="note">
<p>[It will be found in Pope's <i>Imitations of Horace</i>, Book ii.
Satire i.:</p>
<div class="poem">
<div class="stanza">
<p class="hg3">"There St. John mingles with my friendly bowl</p>
<p>The feast of reason and the flow of soul."]</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p><i>Tu Autem.</i>—In page 25. of "Hertfordshire," in Fuller's
<i>Worthies</i>, there is a story of one Alexander Nequam, who, wishing
to become a monk of St. Alban's, wrote thus to the abbot thereof:</p>
<blockquote class="b1n">
<p>"Si vis, veniam. Sin autem, tu autem."</p>
</blockquote>
<p>To which the abbot replied:</p>
<blockquote class="b1n">
<p>"Si bonus sis, venias. Si Nequam, nequaquam."</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Can any of your readers inform me of the meaning of "tu autem" in the
first line? as I have been long puzzled.</p>
<p>This puts me in mind of a form which there was at Ch. Ch., Oxford, on
"gaudy" days. Some junior students went to the "high table" to say a
Latin grace, and when they had finished it, they were dismissed by the
Dean saying "Tu autem;" on which, I remember, there was invariably a
smile pervading the faces of those present, even that of the Dean
himself, as no one seemed to know the meaning of the phrase. I believe
that it was in my time an enigma to all. Can any of your ingenious
readers solve me this?</p>
<p class="author">H. C. K.
<p>——Rectory, Hereford.</p>
<div class="note">
<p>[Pegge in his <i>Anonymiana</i>, Cent. iv. Sect. 32. says, "At St.
John's College, Cambridge, a scholar, in my time, read some part of a
chapter in a Latin Bible; and after he had read a short time, the
President, or <!-- Page 266 --><span class="pagenum"><a
name="page266"></a>{266}</span>the Fellow that sat in his place cried,
<i>Tu autem</i>. Some have been at a loss for the meaning of this; but it
is the beginning of the suffrage, which was supposed to follow the
reading of the Scripture, which the reading scholar was to continue by
saying <i>Miserere mei, Domine</i>. But at last it came to mean no more
than to be a cue to the reader to desist or give over."]</p>
</div>
<hr class="full" >
<h2>Replies.</h2>
<h3>BARONS OF HUGH LUPUS.</h3>
<p class="cenhead">(Vol. iii., pp. 87. 189.)</p>
<p>The inquiry of P., in p. 87., seems to indicate an impression that all
the witnesses to the charter of Hugh Lupus to Chester Abbey were barons
of the Palatinate, but only a few of them were such, the rest being of
England generally.</p>
<p>The original barons of the Palatinate were clearly distinguishable by
possession of privileges confirmed to them by a well-known charter of
Earl Ranulph III.; and all the Norman founders of their baronies will be
found, under Cestrescire, in Domesday, as tenants in capite, from the
Earl Palatine, of lordships within the lyme of his county.</p>
<p><i>Bigod de Loges</i> (one of the subjects of P.'s inquiry) will not
bear this test, unless he was identical with Bigot, Norman lord of the
manors afterwards comprised in Aldford Fee, which is not known to have
been the case. For this last-named Bigot, whose lands descended through
the Alfords to Arderne, reference may be made to the <i>History of
Cheshire</i>, <span class="scac">I.</span> xxix., <span
class="scac">II.</span> 411.</p>
<p><i>William Malbanc</i>, the other subject of inquiry, who has eluded
M. J. T.'s searches, is easily identified. He was the Norman baron of
Nantwich, the Willelmus Malbedeng of the <i>Domesday Survey</i> (vol. i.
p. 265. col. 2.), and the name is also written thus in the copy of H.
Lupus's charter referred to, which was ratified under inspection by
Guncelyn de Badlesmere, Justiciary of Chester in 8 Edw. I.</p>
<p>The charter, with Badlesmere's attestation prefixed, will be found in
Leycester's <i>Cheshire Antiquities</i>, p. 109., and in Ormerod's
<i>Hist. of Cheshire</i>, vol. i. p. 12. In the latter work, in vol.
iii., the inquirer will also find an account of William Malbedeng or
Malbanc, his estates, his descendant coheirs, and their several
subdivisions, extending from p. 217. to p. 222., under the proper head of
Nantwich or <i>Wich Malbanc</i>, a still existing Palatine barony.</p>
<p class="author"><span class="sc">Lancastriensis.</span>
<p>Your correspondent M. J. T. says it appears from—</p>
<blockquote class="b1n">
<p>"<i>The MS. Catalogue</i> of the Norman nobility before the Conquest,
that Robert and Roger de Loges possessed lordships in the districts of
Coutances in Normandy."</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Will he be so good as to say what <i>MS. Catalogue</i> he refers to?
He seems to speak of <i>the MS.</i> <i>Catalogue</i> of Norman nobility
as if it were some well-known public and authentic record.</p>
<p class="author">Q. G.
<hr class="short" >
<h3>EDMUND PRIDEAUX AND THE FIRST POST-OFFICE.</h3>
<p class="cenhead">(Vol. iii., p. 186.)</p>
<p>In a recent number of "<span class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>"
(which, by the way, I have only recently become acquainted with) I saw
the Queries of your correspondent G. P. P. upon the above subject, and
having some time ago had occasion to investigate it, I accumulated a mass
of notes from various sources,—and these I send you, rough and
unpolished as they are, in the hope that in the absence of better
information, they may prove to be acceptable.</p>
<p>Herodotus (viii. 98.) mentions the existence of a method of
communication among the Persians, by means of horsemen placed at certain
distances.</p>
<p>In the Close and Misæ Rolls (<i>temp. King John et post</i>) payments
are recorded for nuncii who were charged with the carriage of
letters.</p>
<p>In 1481, Edward IV., during his war with Scotland, established horse
riders at <i>posts</i> twenty miles apart, by which letters were conveyed
two hundred miles in two days (Gale's <i>Hist. Croyland</i>); and the
Scottish Parliament issued an ordinance for facilitating the expedition
of couriers throughout the kingdom. Carriers of letters also existed in
England about this time, for in a letter from Sir J. Paston, written in
1471, we are informed that "Courby, the carrier, hath had 40<i>d.</i> for
the third hired horse," for a journey from Norwich to London and back.
(Fenn's <i>Paston Letters</i>, 4to. vol. v. p. 73.)</p>
<p>In 1542, letters reached Edinburgh on the fourth day from their
despatch from London. (Sadler's <i>Letters and Negociations</i>.)</p>
<p>In 1548, the rate to be charged for post-horse hire was fixed by
statute (2 & 3 Edw. VI. cap. 3.) at one penny per mile.</p>
<p>In 1581 (according to Camden), Thomas Randolph was appointed the first
Chief Postmaster of all England.</p>
<p>James I. established (date unknown) the office of Foreign Postmaster,
which was first held by Mathewe le Questor.</p>
<p>In 1631, Charles I. appointed William Frizell and Thomas Witherings
(in reversion) to the sole management of the foreign post-office. And at
this date it seems a regular home post was also carried on, as appears by
the following entry from the Corporation Books of Great
Yarmouth:—"1631. Agreed, June 6, with the Postmaster of Ipswich to
have Quarterly 20<i>s.</i> paid him for carrying and bringing letters to
and from London to Yarmouth for the vse of the Towne."</p>
<p>In 1635, Charles I. issued a proclamation for the establishment of "a
running post or two, to <!-- Page 267 --><span class="pagenum"><a
name="page267"></a>{267}</span>run night and day between Edinburgh and
Scotland and the City of London, to go thither and come back again in six
days:" branch posts were also to be established with all the principal
towns on the road: the rates of postage were fixed at 2<i>d.</i> under 80
miles; 4<i>d.</i> for 140 miles; 6<i>d.</i> beyond; and 8<i>d.</i> to
Scotland. This is conclusive evidence that a regular post-office
establishment existed nearly ten years <i>before Prideaux had anything to
do with the post-office</i>.</p>
<p>In 1640, a proclamation was issued by the Long Parliament, by which
the offices of Foreign and Inland Postmaster (then held by Witherings)
were sequestrated into the hands of one Philip Burlamachy, a city
merchant. Soon after this we find a Committee of the Commons, with
"Master Edmund Prideaux" for chairman, inquiring into the matter.</p>
<p>In 1644, a resolution of the Commons declared that "Edmund Prideaux,
Esq., a member of the House," was "constituted master of the posts,
messengers, and couriers."</p>
<p>In 1649 Prideaux established a weekly conveyance to every part of the
kingdom; and also appears to have introduced other judicious reforms and
improvements,—indeed he seems to have been the Rowland Hill of
those days; but he has not the slightest claim to be considered as the
"Inventor of the Post-office." The mistake may have arisen from a
misapprehension of the following statement frown Blackstone: "Prideaux
first established a weekly conveyance of letters into all parts of the
nation, <i>thereby saving to the public the charge of maintaining
postmasters</i>, to the amount of 7000<i>l.</i> per annum."</p>
<p>I have not been able to obtain any particulars of Prideaux's personal
history.</p>
<p class="author"><span class="sc">Mercurii.</span>
<p>Jememutha Magna.</p>
<p><i>Edmund Prideaux and the First Post-office.</i>—See the
Appendix to the Report of the Secret Committee of the House of Commons on
the Detaining and Opening of Letters at the Post-Office, 1844, which
contains copies of numerous documents furnished by Mr. Lechmere and Sir
Francis Palgrave.</p>
<p class="author"><span class="sc">Arun.</span>
<div class="note">
<p>[We avail ourselves of this opportunity of inserting the following
extract from Mr. Rowland Hill's <i>Post-Office Reform; its Importance and
Practicability</i>, p. 86. of the third edition, published in 1837, as it
shows clearly the use which Mr. Rowland Hill made of the story in his
great work of Postage Reform; and that Miss Martineau had clearly no
authority for fathering the story in question upon that
gentleman:—</p>
<p>"Coleridge tells a story which shows how much the Post-office is open
to fraud, in consequence of the option as to pre-payment which now
exists. The story is as follows:—</p>
<p>'One day, when I had not a shilling which I could spare, I was passing
by a cottage not far from Keswick, where a letter-carrier was demanding a
shilling for a letter, which the woman of the house appeared unwilling to
pay, and at last declined to take. I paid the postage, and when the man
was out of sight, she told me that the letter was from her son, who took
that means of letting her know that he was well; the letter was <i>not to
be paid for</i>. It was then opened and found to be blank!'<a
name="footnotetag1" href="#footnote1"><sup>[1]</sup></a></p>
<p>"This trick is so obvious a one that in all probability it is
extensively practised."]</p>
</div>
<div class="note">
<a name="footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b><a
href="#footnotetag1">(return)</a>
<p><i>Letters, Conversations, and Recollections of S. T. Coleridge</i>,
vol. ii. p. 114.</p>
</div>
<p>The quotations of your correspondent G. P. P., from Polwhele's
<i>Cornwall</i>, relate to the same individual, and a more general
construction must, I think, be put upon the expression "our countryman,"
than that it inferred a native of the county. The family of Prideaux was
one of great antiquity, and originated in Cornwall (their first seat
being at Prideaux Castle there), and had estates there in the time of the
above Edmund. His father, Sir Edmund Prideaux, of Netherton (the first
baronet), studied the law in the Inner Temple, where he became very
eminent for his skill and learning. He is stated to have raised a large
estate in the counties of Devon and Cornwall. He married * * *;
secondly, Catherine, daughter of Piers Edgecombe, of Mount Edgecombe,
Esq., by whom he had two sons, Sir Peter his successor, and Edmund, the
subject of your correspondent's Queries, who is thus described in
Prince's <i>Worthies of Devon</i>, p. 509.:—</p>
<blockquote class="b1n">
<p>"This gentleman was bred to the law, and of so great a reputation, as
well for zeal to religion as skill in the law, it is not strange he was
chosen a Member of that which was called the Long Parliament, wherein he
became a very leading man; for, striking in with the prevailing party of
those times (though he never joined with them in setting upon the life of
his Sovereign), he grew up to great wealth and dignity. He was made
Commissioner of the Great Seal [1643. Rushworth, vol. iii. p. 242.],
worth 1500<i>l.</i> a-year and by ordinance of Parliament practised
within the bar as one of the king's counsel, worth 5000<i>l.</i> per
annum. After that he was Attorney General, <i>worth what he pleased to
make it</i> [!!], and then <i>Postmaster General</i> ... from all which
rich employments he acquired a great estate, and among other things
purchased the <i>Abbey of Ford</i>, lying in the Parish of Thorncombe, in
Devonshire, where he built a noble new house out of the ruins of the
old," &c.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Prideaux cannot be called the inventor of the Post-office, although to
him may be attributed the extension of the system. The first inland
letter office, which, however, extended to some of the principal roads
only, was established by Charles I. in 1635, under the direction of
Thomas Witherings, who was superseded in 1640. On the breaking out of the
civil war, great confusion was occasioned in the conduct of the office,
and about that time Prideaux's plan seems to have been conceived. <!--
Page 268 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page268"></a>{268}</span>He
was chairman of a committee in 1642 for considering the rates upon inland
letters; and afterwards (1644) appointed Postmaster, in the execution of
which office he first established a weekly conveyance of letters into all
parts of the nation. Prior to this, letters were sent by special
messengers, or postmasters, whose duty it was to supply relays of horses
at a certain mileage. (<i>Blackstone</i>, book i. c. 8. s. 3.)</p>
<p>I am unable to discover when Edmund Prideaux died; but it appears that
either he, or one of his descendants, took part in the rising of the Duke
of Monmouth in the West of England, upon which occasion the "great
estate" was found of great service in providing a bribe for Lord
Jeffreys. In the Life of Lord Jeffreys, annexed to the <i>Western
Martyrology; or, Bloody Assizes</i> (5th ed. 266. London, 1705), it is
said that "A western gentleman's purchase came to fifteen or sixteen
hundred guineas, which my Lord Chancellor had." And Rapin, vol. ii. p.
270., upon the authority of Echard, iii. p. 775., states that in 1685 one
Mr. Prideaux, of Ford Abbey, Somerset, gave Jeffreys 14000<i>l.</i>
[probably misprint for 1400<i>l.</i>] "to save his life."</p>
<p>I think it likely that your correspondent may find further information
upon the subject of this note, in the <i>Life of Dr. Humphrey Prideaux,
Dean of Norwich</i> (born 1648, died 1724), published in 1748.</p>
<p class="author"><span class="sc">J. B. Colman.</span>
<p>Eye, March 18. 1851.</p>
<p>Polwhele was clearly wrong in designating Edmund Prideaux, the
Attorney-General, a Cornishman, as he belonged to the family long seated
in Devonshire, and was fourteenth in descent from Hickedon Prideaux, of
Orcharton, in that county, second son of Nicholas, lord of Prideaux, in
Cornwall, who died in 1169.</p>
<p>The four Queries of G. P. P. may be more or less fully answered by
reference to Prince's <i>Worthies of Devon</i>, ed. 1810, p. 651.; and an
excellent history of the Post-office in the <i>Penny Magazine</i> for
1834, p. 33.</p>
<p>Is it too much to ask of your correspondent, who writes from Putney
under my initials, that he will be so good as to change his signature? I
think that I have strong reasons for the request, but I will only urge
that I was first in the field, under the designation which he has
adopted.<a name="footnotetag2" href="#footnote2"><sup>[2]</sup></a></p>
<p class="author">J. D. S.
<div class="note">
<a name="footnote2"></a><b>Footnote 2:</b><a
href="#footnotetag2">(return)</a>
<p>[Would J. D. S. No 1, and J. D. S. No. 2, add the final letter of
their respective names, <i>h n s y</i>, or whatever it may be, the
difficulty may probably be avoided. We have now so many correspondents
that coincidence of signature can scarcely be avoided.]</p>
</div>
<hr class="short" >
<h3>LADY JANE OF WESTMORELAND.</h3>
<p class="cenhead">(Vol. i., p. 103.; Vol. ii., p. 485.)</p>
<p><i>Jane</i>, Countess of Henry Neville, <i>fifth</i> Earl of
Westmoreland, was daughter of <span class="sc">Sir Roger Cholmley</span>,
of Kinthorpe and Roxby, co. York. (<i>Vis. York. Harl. MS.</i> 1487.
<i>fol.</i> 354.) She is often confused with his other wife, Anne
Manners, and also with her own sister, Margaret Gascoigne, both in the
Neville and Cholmley pedigrees as <i>printed</i>. (Burke's <i>Extinct
Baronetage</i>, art. <i>Cholmley</i>, and <i>Extinct Peerage</i>, art.
<i>Neville</i>.) But while the Manners pedigree in Collins's
<i>Peerage</i> (by Longmate, vol. i. p. 433.), as cited by Q. D., removes
the former difficulty, that of Gascoigne is disposed of by the Cholmley
pedigree in Harl. MS. above quoted, as well as by that (though otherwise
very incorrect) in Charlton's <i>Whitby</i>, book iii. pp. 290, 291.
313., and by the Gascoigne pedigree in Whitaker's <i>Richmondshire</i>,
vol. i. p. 77. Thus we possess <i>legal and cotemporary</i> evidence who
<span class="sc">Jane</span>, Countess of <i>Henry</i>, <i>fifth</i> Earl
of Westmoreland, really was, without any authentic obstacle or
unremoveable contradiction to its reception, viz. that she was a
<i>Cholmley</i>.</p>
<p>But I conceive your correspondent's identification is <i>totally</i>
erroneous. It is true he only puts an hypothesis on the subject; but this
hypothesis has no solid foundation. In the first place, Henry, fifth Earl
of Westmoreland, died in 1549; and all authorities seem to agree that his
first wife was Anne Manners, and his second Cholmley's daughter. Thus, if
either of his countesses were living in 1585, it must have been the
<i>latter</i>, by which means all chance of appropriation is removed from
Manners to Cholmley. But I shall now give reasons for contending that
neither of these ladies was your correspondent's Countess of
Westmoreland, by referring him (2ndly) to Longmate's <i>Collins's
Peerage</i>, vol. i. p. 96., where he will find that <i>Jane</i>,
daughter of Henry Howard, the talented and accomplished Earl of Surry,
married Charles Neville, <i>sixth</i> Earl of Westmoreland. He has
evidently passed her over, through seeing her called <i>Anne</i> in the
Neville pedigrees: "Anne" and "Jane" being often mutually misread in old
writing, from the cross upon the initial letter of the last name.</p>
<p>I offer it to your correspondent's consideration, whether his "Jane,
Countess of Westmoreland," was not wife of the said Charles Neville,
<i>sixth</i> Earl of Westmoreland, who was attainted 18 Eliz. (1575-6).
His date is evidently most favourable to this view. It is true the
attainder stands in the way; but if even this affords an obstacle, the
next candidate for appropriation would be Jane <i>Cholmley</i>. Assuming,
however, that your correspondent allows this lady as a candidate for the
appropriation, her pedigree corroborates the claim. I have found, by long
and minute observation, that hereditary talent, &c. usually descends
by the <i>mesmeric</i> <!-- Page 269 --><span class="pagenum"><a
name="page269"></a>{269}</span>tie of affection and favoritism, from
fathers to the eldest daughter, and from mothers to the eldest son; and
the pedigree of <i>Jane</i>, Countess of Charles, <i>sixth</i> Earl of
Westmoreland, stands thus:—</p>
<div class="poem">
<div class="stanza">
<p><span class="sc">Edward Stafford</span>, Duke of Buckingham; great,</p>
<p>good, and accomplished, and fell a victim to envy.</p>
<p class="i2">=</p>
<p class="i2">|</p>
<p class="i2">|</p>
<p><i>1st Dau.</i> <span class="sc">Elizabeth</span>, wife of Thomas Howard, third</p>
<p>Duke of Norfolk.</p>
<p class="i2">=</p>
<p class="i2">|</p>
<p class="i2">|</p>
<p><i>1st Son.</i> <span class="sc">Henry Howard</span>, Earl of Surry, the poet;</p>
<p>great, good, and accomplished, and fell a victim to</p>
<p>envy</p>
<p class="i2">= as physical heir of his mat. grandfather.</p>
<p class="i2">|</p>
<p class="i2">|</p>
<p><i>1st Dau.</i> <span class="sc">Jane</span>, wife of Charles Neville, sixth Earl of</p>
<p>Westmoreland (and qu. the authoress in question?).</p>
</div>
</div>
<p>Besides being eldest daughter of the celebrated poet, the said Jane,
Countess of Westmoreland, was sister of Henry Howard, the learned Earl of
Northampton, her father's younger son—(some younger son, like
eldest daughters, generally inheriting, physically, in some prominent
feature, from the father).</p>
<p class="author"><span class="sc">William D'Oyly Bayley.</span>
<hr class="full" >
<h2>Replies to Minor Queries.</h2>
<p><i>Ulm Manuscript</i> (Vol. iii., pp. 60. 191.).—In addition to
the information supplied by <span class="sc">Mr. Foss</span>, it may be
mentioned that this manuscript is so called from having been referred to
by Griesbach as the <i>Codex Ulmensis apud Gerbert</i>. This takes us to
the <i>Iter Alemannicum, Italicum et Gallicum</i> of Martin Gerbert,
published in 1765, at p. 192. of which work he informs us, that in the
year 1760 this manuscript was preserved at Ulm in the library of the
family of Krafft, which consisted of 6000 volumes, printed and
manuscript. Of its history from this period till it came into Bishop
Butler's hands, I am ignorant. Its reference at present in the British
Museum is <i>MSS. Add.</i> 11,852.</p>
<p class="author"><span class="grk">μ</span>.
<p><i>Father Maximilian Hell</i> (Vol. iii., p. 167.).—A querist is
in conscience bound to be a respondent; I therefore hasten to tell you
that Dr. Watt (<i>Biblioth. Britan.</i> iv. <span class="sc">Magnetism,
animal</span>) should have written <i>Hell</i> instead of <i>Hehl</i>. It
was that eminent astronomer, Maximilian <i>Hell</i>, who supposed that
magnets affected the human frame, and, at first, approved of Mesmer's
views. The latter was at Vienna in 1774; and perhaps got some parts of
his theory from Father Hell, of whom he was afterwards jealous, and
therefore very abusive. The life of Hell in Dr. Aikin's <i>General
Biography</i> is an unsatisfactory compilation drawn up by Mr. W.
Johnston, to whom we are indebted for the current barbarism
<i>so-called</i>. In that account there is not one word on Hell's
<i>Treatise on Artificial Magnets</i>, Vienna, 1763; in which the germ of
animal magnetism may probably be found.</p>
<p class="author"><span class="sc">Engastrimythus.</span>
<p><i>Meaning of "strained" as used by Shakspeare</i> (Vol. iii., p.
185.).—The context of the passage quoted by L. S. explains the
sense in which Shakspeare used the word "strain'd:"</p>
<div class="poem">
<div class="stanza">
<p class="hg3">"<i>Portia.</i> Then <i>must</i> the Jew be merciful.</p>
<p><i>Shylock.</i> On what <i>compulsion</i> must I? tell me that.</p>
<p><i>Portia.</i> The quality of mercy is not strain'd," &c.</p>
</div>
</div>
<p>that is, there is nothing forced, nothing of compulsion in the quality
of mercy.</p>
<p>Johnson gives: "To strain, to force, to constrain."</p>
<p class="author">Q. D.
<p>L. S. will find his difficulty solved by Johnson's Dictionary (a work
to which he himself refers), if he compares the following quotation with
Portia's reply to Shylock:—</p>
<div class="poem">
<div class="stanza">
<p class="hg3">"He talks and plays with Fatima, but his mirth</p>
<p>Is forced and strained," &c.</p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="author"><span class="sc">Egduf.</span>
<div class="note">
<p>[We have also to thank, for replying to this Query, our correspondents
R. F., R. T. G. H., P. K., <span class="sc">J. H. Kershaw</span>, C. M.,
Y., E. N. W., <span class="sc">C. D. Lamont</span>, and also <span
class="sc">Mr. Snow</span>, who remarks that "actresses rarely commence
this speech satisfactorily, or give, or seem to feel, the point of
contrast between the <i>must</i> and <i>no must</i>, the
<i>compulsion</i> and <i>no compulsion</i>. In fact, the whole of it is
usually mouthed out, without much reference to Shylock or the play, as if
it had been learned by rote from a school speech-book. Hazlitt says, in
his <i>Characters of Shakspeare's Plays</i>, 'The speech about mercy is
very well, but there are a thousand finer ones in Shakspeare.'"]</p>
</div>
<p><i>Headings of Chapters in English Bibles</i> (Vol. iii., p.
141.).—The summaries of the contents of each chapter, as found in
the authorised editions of our English Bible, were prefixed by Miles
Smith, bishop of Gloucester, one of the original translators, who also
wrote the preface, and, in conjunction with Bishop Bilson, finally
reviewed the whole work. Your correspondent will find full answers to his
other queries in Stackhouse and Tomlins; in Johnson's <i>History of
English Translations</i>, &c.; and in T. H. Horne's
<i>Introduction</i>.</p>
<p class="author"><span class="sc">Cowgill.</span>
<hr class="full" >
<h2>Miscellaneous.</h2>
<h3>NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.</h3>
<p>The author of <i>The History of the Church of Rome to the end of the
Episcopate of Damasus</i>, <span class="scac">A.D.</span> 384, which has
just been published by Messrs. Longman, well remarks, "that he is not
aware that there is any account of the Church of Rome, framed on the
simple and obvious principle of merely collecting and arranging the
testimony of history with regard to facts, and so presented to the reader
as that he should leave a right to believe that when he has read what is
before him, he <!-- Page 270 --><span class="pagenum"><a
name="page270"></a>{270}</span>has learnt all that is to known. This is
strange, considering the points at issue, and the extent, duration, and
intensity of the controversies which have been carried on between that
Church and the rest of Christendom." It is indeed strange, and it happens
fortunately, looking at the all-important question which now agitates the
public mind, that the subject should have engaged for some years the
attention of a learned, acute, and laborious scholar like Mr. Shepherd,
so that he is enabled to put forth the result of his inquiries upon this
interesting topic at this moment. Mr. Shepherd's book is indeed a
startling one: and when we tell our readers that he "has proved, or, to
say the least, has given such indications as will lead to the proof that
some documents which have been quoted as authorities in the History of
the Early Christian Church, are neither genuine nor authentic;" that he
has pretty well resolved St. Cyprian into a purely mythic personage; and
shown that all the letters in his works passed between imagined or
imaginary correspondents,—we think we are justified in pronouncing
his <i>History of the Church of Rome</i> a work calculated to excite the
deepest interest in all who peruse it (and by the omission of all long
quotations in the learned languages, it is adapted for the perusal of
all), to exercise great influence on the public mind, and to awaken a
host of endeavours to combat and overthrow arguments which appear to us,
however, to be irresistible.</p>
<p>The Council of the Shakspeare Society has just issued to the members
the first volume for the present year. It contains <i>Two Historical
Plays on the Life and Reign of Queen Elizabeth, by Thomas Heywood</i>,
which are very ably edited, with an Introduction and Notes, by Mr.
Collier; and we have no doubt will be very acceptable; first, from the
interest of the plays themselves, the second of which appears to have
been extremely popular; and, lastly, as a further instalment towards a
complete collection of Heywood's dramatic works.</p>
<p>Messrs. Sotheby and Wilkinson will sell on Tuesday and Wednesday next
a valuable portion of the Library of a gentleman, including the late
Charles Mathews' copy of the Second Shakspeare; a valuable series of
works on Annuities, &c.; and another on the History and Antiquities
of London.</p>
<p><span class="sc">Books Received.</span>—<i>Supplement on the
Doctrine and Discipline of the Greek Church.</i> We characterised Mr.
Appleyard's interesting little volume, entitled, <i>The Greek Church</i>,
as historical rather than doctrinal. The title of this Supplement shows
that it expressly supplies the very material in which the original work
was deficient.—<i>Archæologia Cambrensis, New Series, No. VI.</i> A
very good number of this record of the Antiquities of Wales and its
Marches, and in which are commenced two series of papers of great
interest to the Principality: one on the Architectural Antiquities of
Monmouthshire, by Mr. Freeman; the other on the Poems of Taliessin, by
Mr. Stephens.</p>
<p><span class="sc">Catalogues Received.</span>—W. Brown's (46.
High Holborn) Catalogue Part 52. of Valuable Second-hand Books, Ancient
and Modern;—Cole's (15. Great Turnstile, Holborn) List No. 33. of
very Cheap Books; B. Quaritch's (16. Castle Street, Leicester Square)
Catalogue No. 27. of Antiquarian, Historical, Heraldic, Numismatic, and
Topographical Books; Charles Skeet's (21. King William Street, Strand)
List No. 2. of Miscellaneous Books just purchased.</p>
<hr class="full" >
<h3>BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE.</h3>
<div class="poem">
<div class="stanza">
<p><span class="sc">Wood's Athenæ</span>, by Bliss. Vol. 3. 4to.</p>
</div>
<div class="stanza">
<p><span class="sc">Dibdin's Typographical Antiquities.</span> Vols. 2. and 4. 4to.</p>
</div>
<div class="stanza">
<p><span class="sc">Nichols' Literary Anecdotes.</span> Vol. 4. 8vo. 1812.</p>
</div>
<div class="stanza">
<p><span class="sc">Mede's Works</span>, by Worthington. 1664. Fol. Vol. 1.</p>
</div>
<div class="stanza">
<p><span class="sc">Dodd's Catholic Church History.</span> Vol. 2. Fol. edition.</p>
</div>
<div class="stanza">
<p><span class="sc">Warburton's (Bishop) Works.</span> 4to. edition. Vol. 1.</p>
</div>
<div class="stanza">
<p><span class="sc">A Mirror for Mathematics</span>, by Robert Tanner, Gent. London, 1587.</p>
</div>
</div>
<p>*** Letters stating particulars and lowest price, <i>carriage
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"NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.</p>
<hr class="full" >
<h3>Notices to Correspondents.</h3>
<p><i>We are reluctantly compelled, by want of room, to postpone until
next week</i> <span class="sc">Mr. Singer's</span> <i>Paper on a passage
in Shakspeare's</i> Anthony and Cleopatra; <i>one by</i> <span
class="sc">Mr. Dawson Turner</span> <i>on the Authors of the Rolliad; and
many other interesting communications.</i></p>
<p><span class="sc">Cromwell's Devlings with the Devil.</span> S. H. H.
<i>is thanked for the curious MS. he has forwarded upon this subject,
which shall appear next week, when the original shall be carefully
returned. We should be glad to see the other paper referred to by</i>
S. H. H.</p>
<p>A. L. <i>is thanked. The only reason for the non-appearance of any of
his communications is, that they were not sent</i> separately, <i>and we
have not had time to make a selection. We take this opportunity of again
begging correspondents who write to us on several subjects to oblige us
by writing on separate papers; and</i> (<i>which does not refer to</i>
A. L.) <i>by writing</i> plainly, <i>more particularly</i> proper names
<i>and</i> quotations.</p>
<p>K. R. H. M. <i>Received.</i></p>
<p><span class="sc">Nocab</span> <i>has our very best thanks for his kind
letter, and his endeavours to increase our circulation. We are
endeavouring to arrange for a permanent enlargement of our paper, and
propose shortly to make use of</i> <span class="sc">Nocab's</span>
<i>communication and valuable hint.</i></p>
<p><span class="sc">Sing's</span> <i>reminder, that Saturday last, the
29th of March, was "the centenary anniversary of the death of Captain
Coram, the worthy founder of the Foundling," reached us too late for us
to call attention to it.</i></p>
<p><span class="sc">Mr. A. J. Dunkin's</span> <i>communication on the
subject of his proposed</i> Monumenta Anglicana <i>shall have our early
attention.</i></p>
<p><span class="sc">Kerriensis</span> <i>is thanked for several
interesting communications of which we propose to make an early
use.</i></p>
<p><i>Will</i> L. M. M. R. <i>send his address? The book he wants has
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<p><span class="sc">Replies Received.</span>—<i>Mathew's Med.
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Fair—Epitaph on a Turncoat—Gig Hill—Damasked
Linen—Endeavour—Meaning of Strained—Rack—Daughter
of James II.—Snail-eating—Munchausen's Travels—Mitre,
&c.—Cloven Tongues—"Going the whole hog"—Expression
in Milton—Haybands in Seals—King John at
Lincoln—Handbell—Vineyards—Mazer Wood.</i></p>
<p><span class="sc">Vols. I.</span> <i>and</i> II., <i>each with very
copious Index, may still be had, price 9s. 6d. each.</i></p>
<p><span class="sc">Notes and Queries</span> <i>may be procured, by
order, of all Booksellers and Newsvenders. It is published at noon on
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difficulty in procuring it regularly. Many of the country Booksellers,
&c. are, probably, not yet aware of this arrangement, which will
enable them to receive</i> <span class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>
<i>in their Saturday parcels.</i></p>
<p><i>All communications for the Editor of</i> <span class="sc">Notes and
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<p><i>Errata.</i>—P. 236, Col. 2. l. 26, for <i>Hanse town</i> read
<i>hamlet</i>; p. 238, col. 1. l. 27, for "<i>cr</i>atus" read
"<i>n</i>atus"; p. 217, col. 1. l. 29. for "Cou<i>n</i>t" read
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"<i>S</i>edley," col. 2. l. 23, for "tant<i>us</i>" read
"tant<i>as</i>."</p>
<p><!-- Page 271 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page271"></a>{271}</span></p>
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<p>The following are the Volumes which appeared on the 31st of March,</p>
<p>BOSWELL'S LIFE OF DR. JOHNSON, <span class="sc">Vol. I.</span></p>
<p>THE BOOK OF ENGLISH SONGS.</p>
<p>THE BURIED CITY OF THE EAST—NINEVEH.</p>
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<p class="cenhead">Just published, New Edition, 4to cloth, price 25<i>s.</i></p>
<p>ILLUSTRATIONS of the REMAINS of ROMAN ART in CIRENCESTER, the SITE of
ANTIENT CORINIUM. By Professor <span class="sc">Buckman</span>, F.L.S.,
&c., and <span class="sc">C. H. Newmarch</span>. Esq. Containing
Plates by <span class="sc">De la Motte</span>, of the magnificent
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copies of the grand heads of Ceres, Flora, and Pomona, reduced by the
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<p>"This work is powerfully written. Beauty, pathos, and great powers of
description are exhibited in every page. In short, it is well calculated
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day."—<i>Sunday Times.</i></p>
</blockquote>
<p class="cenhead"><span class="sc">Saunders</span> and <span class="sc">Otley</span>, Publishers, Conduit Street.</p>
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<p>CHEMISTRY OF FIRE, AIR, EARTH, AND WATER: an Essay, founded upon
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<p class="i1">The Doctrine of the Syllogism.</p>
<p><b>Controversy:—</b></p>
<p class="i1">Is Mesmerism true?</p>
<p class="i1">Was Oliver Cromwell a first-rate General, a Great Statesman, and a Sincere Man?</p>
<p class="i1">The R. C. Hierarchy, ought it to be interdicted?</p>
<p class="i1">Have the Working Classes been benefited by Machinery?</p>
<p><b>Societies Section:—</b></p>
<p class="i1">The Art of Public Speaking</p>
<p class="i1">Reports of Lectures and Meetings.</p>
<p><b>The Inquirer:—</b></p>
<p class="i1">Questions requiring Answers.</p>
<p class="i1">Answers to Questions.</p>
<p class="i1">French without a Master.</p>
<p class="i1">German and Italian Grammars.</p>
<p class="i1">Chemistry.</p>
<p class="i1">Astronomy.</p>
<p class="i1">Improvement of the Memory, &c.</p>
<p><b>The Young Student and Writer's Assistant:—</b></p>
<p class="i1">Essays and Exercises.</p>
<p><b>Notices of Books.</b></p>
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the Rev. <span class="sc">J. Forshall, F.R.S.</span>, &c., formerly
Fellow of Exeter College, Oxford.</p>
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<pre>
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