diff options
Diffstat (limited to '22594-8.txt')
| -rw-r--r-- | 22594-8.txt | 6594 |
1 files changed, 6594 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/22594-8.txt b/22594-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bee9d9b --- /dev/null +++ b/22594-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,6594 @@ +The Project Gutenberg eBook, Colonial Records of Virginia, by Various + + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + + + + +Title: Colonial Records of Virginia + + +Author: Various + + + +Release Date: September 13, 2007 [eBook #22594] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + + +***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK COLONIAL RECORDS OF VIRGINIA*** + + +E-text prepared by Mark C. Orton, Thomas Strong, and the Project Gutenberg +Online Distributed Proofreading Team (http://www.pgdp.net) + + + +Transcriber's Note: + + Obvious mis-spellings and printing errors have been corrected. + Variant spellings of the same word have been retained. + + With the exception of Note 263, which was retained to facilitate the + numbering of footnotes, corrections indicated on the "Errata" page + have been made. + + Notes 50 and 287, and pages iii and iv mentioned in "Errata," are + notes 59 and 297, and pages 67 and 68 respectively herein. + + Superscripts are indicated with by the carat character ^. + Superscripts containing more than one letter are enclosed by + curly brackets (^{}). + + Footnotes, which are numerous, are placed immediately following + the paragraph in which they appear. + + The word, "negors", is not believed to be a typographical error. + + A missing, censored, or omitted word on page 17 has been shown + by ----. + + "See note p. 37" in Footnote 1 and "see note pp. 48, 49" in + Footnote II have been changed to "See note Q" and "see note CC" + respectively to conform to the footnote numbering in this document. + + + + + +SENATE DOCUMENT.--(Extra.) + +COLONIAL RECORDS OF VIRGINIA. + + + + + + + +Baltimore +Genealogical Publishing Co. +1964 + +Originally Published + +Richmond, Va: +R.F. Walker, Superintendent Public Printing. +1874. + + + + +CONTENTS. + + + I. The First Assembly of Virginia, held July 30, 1619, 9 + + II. List of the livinge and the dead in Virginia, Feb'y 16, 1623, 37 + + III. A briefe declaration of the plantation of Virginia, during the + first twelve years, when Sir Thomas Smith was Governor + of the Company, 69 + + IV. A list of the number of men, women and children, inhabitants + in the several Counties within the Collony of Virginia, in + 1634, 91 + + V. A letter from Charles II., acknowledging the receipt of a + present of Virginia Silk, 1668, 97 + + VI. A list of the Parishes in Virginia, 1680, 103 + + VII. Addenda, 105 + + + + +ERRATA. + + + Page 13--Note 50.--For McDowell read McDonald. + + Page 14.--In last line of notes insert comma after Bancroft. + + Page 23.--Omit the whole of note 263. + + Page 24.--Note, 287, should read: committees, McDonald. + + Page 35.--In second line from bottom for Stith read Smith. + + Page 41 and 50.--For I, in notes, read we. + + Page 61.--In Editor's Note, for Neil read Neill. + + Page iii.--In Preface to Brief Declaration, lines fourteen and + seventeen, for Smythe read Smith. + + Page iii.--_Ib._, line 29, for Kieth read Keith. + + Page iv.--Line twenty-one, for Forcer read Force's. + + Page 89.--Preface, line eight, omit "the" before massacre. + + + + +THE PROCEEDINGS + +OF THE + +FIRST ASSEMBLY OF VIRGINIA, + +_Held July 30th, 1619._ + + + + +INTRODUCTION. + + +The documents herewith presented are printed from copies obtained from +the Public Record Office of Great Britain. When the question of the +boundary line between Maryland and Virginia was before the Legislature +of the latter State, in 1860, Colonel Angus W. McDonald was sent to +England to obtain the papers necessary to protect the interests of +Virginia. He brought back "nine volumes of manuscripts and one book +containing forty-eight maps" (see his report, Virginia Legislative +Documents, No. 39, 1861,). The volumes of manuscripts contained, upon an +average, 425 pages each, and were filled with valuable historical +documents, of many of which no copies had ever been seen on this +continent since the originals were sent from the Colony of Virginia. In +a conversation with the writer, held soon after his return from England, +in March, 1861, Colonel McDonald stated that having obtained copies of +all the documents relating to the question of the boundary line which +could be found, and having more money left of the appropriation made +than was needed to pay the expenses of his return home, he decided to +devote the surplus to obtaining copies of papers relating to the early +history of the State, without reference to the question of the boundary +line. This statement will, we presume, satisfactorily account for the +presence in his collection of such papers as do not relate to the +subject upon which he was engaged. That he was well qualified to select +such papers is evident from an examination of the list which he made +out. + +During the occupation of the State capital building by the Federal +troops and officials, after the surrender of the Confederate authorities +in April, 1865, a very large quantity of the official documents filed in +the archives of the State were removed from that building, and at the +same time four of the nine volumes and the portfolio of maps above +mentioned. Nothing has been heard from any of them since. In 1870, the +question of the boundary line being again before the Legislature of +Virginia, the Governor sent the Hon. D.C. De Jarnette upon the same +errand that Colonel McDonald had so well performed, and the result was +the obtaining of such papers as he could find relating to the subject +under consideration, including duplicates of some of those which though +useful in this connection, are included in the five volumes remaining of +those collected by Col. McDonald; also, charters of great length, but +which are to be found in print in the histories and statutes of the +State, and many of the miscellaneous papers which Colonel McDonald had +copied under the circumstances above named. Among the latter is the +account of the first meeting of the Assembly at Jamestown in 1619. When +Colonel McDonald visited the State Paper Office (as it was then called) +in 1860, this great repository of historical materials had not been +thrown open to the public, and he tells us in his report that it was +"twenty days after his arrival in London before he could obtain +permission to examine the archives of the State Paper Office." A year or +two afterwards all of the restrictions which had existed were removed, +the papers arranged chronologically, and an index made by which they +could be referred to. Farther, W. Noel Sainsbury, Esq., one of the +officers of what is now called the Public Record Office, had published a +calendar of all the papers relating to the British colonies in North +America and the West Indies, from the first discoveries to 1660 (soon be +followed by another coming down to the period of the independence of the +United States), which contains a brief abstract of every paper included +in the above named period, so that enquirers upon subjects embraced in +this calendar can by reference see what the office has on file relating +to it, and obtain copies of the documents required, at a much less cost +than a voyage to England. Acting upon this knowledge, the Library +Committee of the Virginia Legislature has made a contract with Mr. +Sainsbury for copies of the titles and copious abstracts of every paper +in the Public Record Office, and other repositories, which relates to +the history of Virginia while a Colony. All of which he proposes to +furnish for about £250, being less than one-half the cost of either of +the missions sent, which have obtained only a small fraction of the +papers which we are to receive. He is performing his work in a most +satisfactory manner; so much is he interested in the task that he has +greatly exceeded his agreement by furnishing gratuitously full and +complete copies of many documents of more than ordinary interest. Yet +notwithstanding the known facilities afforded by the British Government +and its officials, Mr. De Jarnette complains that he was refused +permission to examine the Rolls Office and the State Paper Office (see +his report, Senate Documents Session 1871-'2, p. 12); and further, on +page 15, he informs us that the papers which he obtained "had to be dug +from a mountain of Colonial records with care and labor." His troubles +were further increased by the fact that "the Colonial papers are not +arranged under heads of respective Colonies, but thrown promiscuously +together and constitute an immense mass of ill kept and badly written +records," ib. p. 22. + +The reader will infer from the preceding remarks that the State has two +complete copies of the record of the proceedings of the first Assembly +which met at Jamestown, viz: the McDonald and the De Jarnette copies, +and also an abstract furnished by Mr. Sainsbury. Bancroft, the +historian, obtained a copy of this paper, which was printed in the +collections of the New York Historical Society for 1857. We have +therefore been enabled to compare three different versions, and in a +measure, a fourth. The De Jarnette copy being in loose sheets, written +on one side only, was selected as the most convenient for the printer, +and the text is printed from it. Where this differs from either of the +others the foot notes show the differences, and, when no reference is +made it is because all of them correspond. + +When these papers were submitted as a part of the report of the +Commissioners on the Boundary Line a joint resolution was adopted by +both houses of the Legislature authorizing the Committee on the Library +to print such of the papers as might be selected, provided the consent +of the Commission could be obtained. Application was made to allow the +first and second papers in this pamphlet to be printed but it was +refused. The Commission having been dissolved the Committee on the +Library have assumed the responsibility and herewith submit this +instalment of these interesting documents, which were written before the +Colony of Maryland was known, and all of which, save the first, were +never before printed. + +The Report of the proceedings of the first Assembly is prefaced with the +introductory note published with Mr. Bancroft's copy, to which a few +notes explanatory have been added. + +Trusting that this instalment of these historical records of the Ancient +Dominion will be acceptable to the students of our early history, and +sufficiently impress the members of the Legislature with their value to +move them to make an appropriation sufficient to print all that has been +obtained, this is + +Respectfully submitted, +by your obedient servants, + +THOS. H. WYNNE, } +Chm. Senate Com. on Library, } + } _Sub Committee in_ +W.S. GILMAN, Charge of Library. } _Charge of Library._ +Chm. House Com. on Library. } + + + + +_INTRODUCTORY NOTE._ + + +Virginia, for twelve years after its settlement, languished under the +government of Sir Thomas Smith, Treasurer of the Virginia Company in +England. The Colony was ruled during that period by laws written in +blood; and its history shows how the narrow selfishness of despotic +power could counteract the best efforts of benevolence. The colonists +suffered an extremity of distress too horrible to be described. +In April, 1619, Sir George Yeardley arrived. Of the emigrants who had +been sent over at great cost, not one in twenty then remained alive. "In +James Citty were only those houses that Sir Thomas Gates built in the +tyme of his government, with one wherein the Governor allwayes dwelt, +and a church, built wholly at the charge of the inhabitants of that +citye, of timber, being fifty foote in length and twenty foot in +breadth." At Henrico, now Richmond, there were no more than "three old +houses, a poor ruinated Church, with some few poore buildings in the +Islande."[1] "For ministers to instruct the people, he founde only three +authorized, two others who never received their orders." "The natives he +founde uppon doubtfull termes;" so that when the twelve years of Sir +Thomas Smith's government expired, Virginia, according to the +"judgements" of those who were then members of the Colony, was "in a +poore estate."[A] + +From the moment of Yeardley's arrival dates the real life of Virginia. +He brought with him "Commissions and instructions from the Company for +the better establishinge of a Commonwealth heere."[B] He made +proclamation, "that those cruell lawes by which we" (I use the words of +the Ancient Planters themselves) "had soe longe been governed, were now +abrogated, and that we were to be governed by those free lawes which his +Majesties subjectes live under in Englande." Nor were these +considerations made dependent on the good will of administrative +officers. + +"And that they might have a hande in the governinge of themselves," such +are the words of the Planters, "yt was graunted that a generall +Assemblie shoulde be helde yearly once, whereat were to be present the +Gov^r and Counsell w^{th} two Burgesses from each Plantation, freely to +be elected by the Inhabitants thereof, this Assemblie to have power to +make and ordaine whatsoever lawes and orders should by them be thought +good and proffitable for our subsistance."[C] + +In conformity with these instructions, Sir George Yeardley "sente his +summons all over the country, as well to invite those of the Counsell of +Estate that were absente, as also for the election of Burgesses;"[D] and +on Friday, the 30th day of July, 1619, the first elective legislative +body of this continent assembled at James City. + +In the relation of Master John Rolfe, inserted by Captain John Smith in +his History of Virginia,[E] there is this meagre notice of the Assembly: +"The 25 of June came in the _Triall_ with Corne and Cattell in all +safety, which tooke from vs cleerely all feare of famine; then our +gouernor and councell caused Burgesses to be chosen in all places and +met at a generall Assembly, where all matters were debated thought +expedient for the good of the Colony." +This account did not attract the attention of Beverley, the early +historian of Virginia, who denies that there was any Assembly held there +before May, 1620.[F] + +The careful Stith, whose work is not to be corrected without a hearty +recognition of his superior diligence and exemplary fidelity, gives an +account[G] of this first legislative body, though he errs a little in +the date by an inference from Rolfe's narrative, which the words do not +warrant. + +The prosperity of Virginia begins with the day when it received, as "a +commonwealth," the freedom to make laws for itself. In a solemn address +to King James, which was made during the government of Sir Francis +Wyatt, and bears the signature of the Governor, Council, and apparently +every member of the Assembly, a contrast is drawn between the former +"miserable bondage," and "this just and gentle authoritye which hath +cherished us of late by more worthy magistrates. And we, our wives and +poor children shall ever pray to God, as our bounden duty is, to give +you in this worlde all increase of happines, and to crowne you in the +worlde to come w^{th} immortall glorye."[H] + +A desire has long existed to recover the record of the proceedings of +the Assembly which inaugurated so happy a revolution. Stith was unable +to find it; no traces of it were met by Jefferson; and Hening,[I] and +those who followed Hening, believed it no longer extant. Indeed, it was +given up as hopelessly lost. + +Having, during a long period of years, instituted a very thorough +research among the papers relating to America in the British State Paper +Office, partly in person and partly with the assistance of able and +intelligent men employed in that Department, I have at last been so +fortunate as to obtain the "Proceedings of the First Assembly of +Virginia."[5] the document is in the form of "a reporte" from the +Speaker; and is more fall and circumstantial than any subsequent +journal of early legislation in the Ancient Dominion. + +Many things are noticeable. The Governor and Council sat with the +Burgesses; and took part in motions and debates. The Secretary of the +Colony was chosen Speaker, and I am not sure that he was a Burgess.[6] +This first American Assembly set the precedent of beginning legislation +with prayer. It is evident that Virginia was then as thoroughly a Church +of England colony, as Connecticut afterwards was a Calvinistic one. The +inauguration of legislative power in the Ancient Dominion preceded the +existence of negro slavery, which we will believe it is destined also to +survive. The earliest Assembly in the oldest of the original thirteen +States, at its first session, took measures "towards the erecting of" a +"University and Colledge." Care was also taken for the education of +Indian children. Extravagance in dress was not prohibited, but the +ministers were to profit by a tax on excess in apparel. On the whole, +the record of these Proceedings will justify the opinion of Sir Edward +Sandys, that "they were very well and judiciously carried." The +different functions of government may have been confounded and the laws +were not framed according to any speculative theory; but a perpetual +interest attaches to the first elective body representing the people of +Virginia, more than a year before the Mayflower, with the Pilgrims, left +the harbor of Southampton, and while Virginia was still the oldest +British Colony on the whole Continent of America. + +GEORGE BANCROFT. + +NEW YORK, _October 3, 1856_. + +[A] "A Briefe Declaration of the Plantation of Virginia during the first +twelve yeares, when Sir Thomas Smyth was Governor, of the Companie, and +downe to this present tyme. By the Ancient Planters now remaining alive +in Virginia."--_MS. in my possession._[2] + +[B] "A Briefe Declaration," &c. + +[C] "A Briefe Declaration," &c. + +[D] "Proceedings of the first Assembly," now first printed in this +volume. + +[1] "Henrico, now Richmond," is a grievous error. "Henrico, or Henricus, +was situated ten miles below the present site of Richmond, on the main +land, to which the peninsula known as Farrar's Island was joined." See +footnote Q.--ED. + +[2] This document is the third in this collection. It is printed from +the copy obtained by Col. McDonald.--ED. + +[E] Smith's Generall Historie of Virginia, Richmond edition, Vol. ii. +pp. 38, 39. + +[F] See Beverley's History of Virginia, p. 37 of the first edition, and +p. 35 of the second.[3] + +[G] Stith's History of Virginia p. 160, Williamsburg edition.[4] + +[H] MS. Copy of Address of Sir Francis Wyatt, &c., &c., to King James +I., signed by Sir Francis Wyatt and 32 others. +[I] Hening's Statutes at Large, I., p. 119. refers to the acts of +1623-'4 as "the earliest now extant." + +[3] "These Burgesses met the Governor and Council at Jamestown in 1620, +and sat in consultation in the same house with them as the method of the +Scots Parliament is." "This was the first Generall Assembly that ever +was held there."--Beverley.--ED. + +[4] "And about the latter end of June (1619) he (Sir George Yeardley, +Governor,) called the first General Assembly that was ever held in +Virginia. Counties were not yet laid of, but they elected their +representatives by townships. So that the Burroughs of Jamestown, +Henrico, Bermuda Hundred, and the rest, each sent their members to the +Assembly." * * * * "and hence it is that our lower house of Assembly was +first called the House of Burgesses," Stith, p. 160. "In May, this year +(1620), there was held another Generall Assembly, which has, through +mistake, and the indolence and negligence of our historians in searching +such ancient records as are still extant in the country, been commonly +reported the first General Assembly," Ib. p. 182. We do not see that +Stith "errs" even "a little in the data." Rolfe says, "The 25 of June +came in the _Triall_ with Corne and Cattell in all safety, which took +from us cleerely all feare of famine, then our gouernor and councell +caused Burgesses to be chosen in all places, and met at a general +Assembly," Smith, p. 128. Stith says, "And about the latter end of June +he called," &c., Stith, p. 160. Neither intimate _when_ the Assembly +_met_, only that the governor called them to the latter part of +June.--ED. + +[5] The first published notice of the existence of this paper occurred +in the proceedings of the annual meeting of the Virginia Historical +society, held December 15, 1853. In the report of the Executive +Committee the chairman, Conway Robinson, Esq., states that he had seen +the original report in the State Paper Office in London, on a recent +visit to that city.--See Virginia Historical Reporter, Vol. I., 1854. +Whatever question there may be in regard to priority of discovery, it is +to be regretted that it was left to the Historical Society of another +State to publish a document of so much value to the one to which it +solely relates.--ED. + +[6] The Secretary of the Colony and Speaker of the first Assembly was +John Pory. If he had been one of the Burgesses his name would have +appeared with the others. Through the influence of the Earl at Warwick +he was made Secretary to the Virginia Company. Campbell says, "He was +educated at Cambridge, where he took the Master of Arts in April, 1610. +It is supposed he was a member of the House of Commons. He was much of a +traveller, and was at Venice in 1613, at Amsterdam in 1617, and shortly +after at Paris." "Sir George Yeardley appointed him one of his +Council."--Campbell, p. 139. The record shows that he acted as the +presiding officer of the first Assembly, whether _ex officio_ or by +selection is not stated. It will be seen that a typographical error in +Bancroft's pamphlet makes his name Povy. In Smith's General Historie +there is a paper styled "The observations of Master John Pory, +Secretarie of Virginia, in his travels;" it gives an account of his +voyage to the eastern shore.--Smith, p. 141. Neill says of him, "John +Pory was a graduate of Cambridge, a great traveller and good writer, but +gained the reputation of being a chronic tipler and literary vagabond +and sponger." When young he excited the interest of Hakluyt, who, in a +dedication to the third volume of his, remarks: "Now, because long since +I did foresee that my profession of Divinitie, the care of my family; +and other occasions, might call or divert me from these kind of +endeavour, I, therefore have, for these three years last past, +encouraged and gathered in these studies of Cosmographia and former +histories my honest, industrious and learned friend, Mr. John Porey, one +of speciall skill and extraordinary hope, to perform great matters in +the same, and beneficial to the Commonwealth." "Pory, in 1600, prepared +a _Geographical History of Africa_, but he soon disappointed the +expectations of his friends." + +A letter from London, dated July 26, 1623, says: "Our old acquaintance, +Mr. Porey, is in poore case, and in prison at the Terceras, whither he +was driven by contrary winds, from the north coast of Virginia, where he +had been upon some discovery, and upon his arrival he was arraigned and +in danger of being hanged for a pirate." "He died about 1635." For +further particulars from contemporary authorities, see Neill's History +of the Virginia Company of London. Albany, Munsell, 1869.--ED. + + + + +COLONIAL RECORDS OF VIRGINIA. + + + + +STATE PAPERS. + +COLONIAL. VOL. I.--NO. 45. + +[July 30, 1619.][J] + + + _A Reporte of the manner of proceeding[K] in the General + assembly convented at James citty in Virginia, July 30, 1619, + consisting of the Governo^r, the Counsell of Estate[L] and two + Burgesses elected out of eache Incorporation and Plantation, + and being dissolved the 4^{th} of August next ensuing._ + +First. Sir George Yeardley, Knight Governo^r & Captaine general of +Virginia, having sente his sumons all over the Country, as well to +invite those of the Counsell of Estate that were absente as also for the +election of Burgesses, there were chosen and appeared + +_For James citty_ + Captaine William Powell, + Ensigne William Spense. + +_For Charles citty_ + Samuel Sharpe, + Samuel Jordan. + +_For the citty of Henricus_ + Thomas Dowse, + John Polentine. + +[J] The caption is after the De Jarnette copy. Bancroft has "S.P.O." +(State Paper Office.) "Am'a & W. Ind. Virg.: Indorsed, Mr. Povy out of +Virginia. The Proceedings of the First Assembly of Virginia: July 1619." +Sainsbury's Calendar of State papers: Colonial, 1574-1660, has, +"_Endorsed by Mr. Carleton_. Mr. Pory out of Virginia."--p. 22. + +[K] Proceedings. Bancroft. + +[L] State. McDonald. + +_For Kiccowtan_ + Captaine William Tucker, + William Capp. + +_For Martin Brandon--Capt. John Martin's Pla'tation_ + M^r Thomas Davis, + M^r Robert Stacy. + +_For Smythe's hundred_ + Captain Thomas Graves, + M^r Walter Shelley. + +_For Martin's hundred_ + M^r John Boys,[7] + John Jackson. + +_For Argall's guiffe_[8] + M^r Pawlett, + M^r Gourgaing.[9] + +_For Flowerdieu hundred_ + Ensigne[10] Rossingham, + M^r Jefferson. + +_For Captain Lawne's plantation_ + Captain Christopher Lawne, + Ensigne[11] Washer. + +_For Captaine Warde's plantation_ + Captaine Warde, + Lieutenant Gibbes. + +The most convenient place we could finde to sitt in was the Quire of the +Churche Where Sir George Yeardley, the Governour, being sett downe in +his accustomed place, those of the Counsel of Estate sate nexte him on +both handes, excepte onely the Secretary then appointed Speaker, who +sate right before him, John Twine, clerke[12] of the General assembly, +being placed nexte the Speaker, and Thomas Pierse, the Sergeant, +standing at the barre, to be ready for any service the Assembly shoulde +comaund[13] him. But forasmuche as men's affaires doe little prosper +where God's service is neglected, all the Burgesses tooke their places +in the Quire till a prayer was said by Mr. Bucke, the Minister, that it +would please God to guide and sanctifie all our proceedings[14] to his +owne glory and the good of this Plantation. Prayer being ended, to the +intente that as we[15] had begun at God Almighty, so we[16] might +proceed w^{th} awful and due respecte towards the Lieutenant, our most +gratious and dread Soveraigne, all the Burgesses were intreatted to +retyre themselves into the body of the Churche, w^{ch} being done, +before they were fully admitted, they were called in order and by name, +and so every man (none staggering at it) tooke the oathe of Supremacy, +and then entred[17] the Assembly. At Captaine Warde the Speaker tooke +exception, as at one that without any Comission or authority had seatted +himselfe either upon the Companies, and then his Plantation would not be +lawfull, or on Captain Martin's lande, and so[18] he was but a limbe or +member of him, and there could be but two Burgesses for all. So Captaine +Warde was comanded to absente himselfe till such time as the Assembly +had agreed what was fitt for him to doe. After muche debate, they +resolved on this order following: + +[7] Boyes, McDonald. +[8] Guiste, Bancroft. + +[9] Gourgainy, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[10] Ensign, Bancroft. + +[11] Ensign, Bancroft. + +[12] Clerk, McDonald. + +[13] Comand, McDonald. + +[14] Proceedinges, Bancroft. + +[15] wee, McDonald. + +[16] wee, McDonald. + +[17] entered, McDonald. + +[18] soe, McDonald. + + An order concluded by the General assembly concerning Captaine + Warde, July 30^{th},[19] 1619, at the opening of the said + Assembly. + +At the reading of the names of the Burgesses, Exception was taken +against Captaine Warde as having planted here in Virginia without any +authority or comission from the Tresurer, Counsell and Company in +Englande. But considering he had bene at so great chardge and paines to +augmente this Colony, and had adventured his owne person in the action, +and since that time had brought home a good[20] quantity of fishe, to +relieve the Colony by waye of trade, and above all, because the +Comission for authorising the General Assembly admitteth of two +Burgesses out of every plantation w^{th}out restrainte or exception. +Upon all these considerations, the Assembly was contented to admitt of +him and his Lieutenant (as members of their body and Burgesses) into +their society. Provided, that the said Captaine Warde, w^{th} all +expedition, that is to saye between this and the nexte general assembly +(all lawful impediments excepted), should procure from the Tresurer,[21] +Counsell and Company in England a comission lawfully to establish[22] +and plant himselfe and his Company as the Chieffs[23] of other +Plantations have done. And in case he doe neglect this he is to stande +to the censure of the nexte generall assembly. To this Captaine Warde, +in the presence of us all, having given his consente and undertaken to +performe the same, was, together w^{th} his Lieutenant, by voices of the +whole Assembly first admitted to take the oath of Supremacy, and then to +make up their number and to sitt amongst them. + +[19] 30, Bancroft. + +[20] goode, McDonald. + +[21] Treasurer, McDonald. + +[22] establishe, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[23] Chiefes, McDonald. + +This being done, the Governour himselfe alledged that before we +proceeded any further it behooved us to examine whither it were fitt, +that Captaine Martin's Burgesses shoulde[24] have any place in the +Assembly, forasmuche as he hath a clause in his Patente w^{ch} doth not +onely exempte him from that equality and uniformity of lawes and orders +w^{er}[25] the great charter faith are to extende[26] over the whole +Colony, but also from diverse such lawes as we must be enforced[27] to +make in the General Assembly. That clause is as followeth: Item. That it +shall and may be lawfull to and for the said Captain John Martin, his +heyers, executours and assignes to governe and comaunde all suche[28] +person or persons as at this time he shall carry over with him, or that +shalbe[29] sente him hereafter, free from any comaunde of the Colony, +excepte it be in ayding and assisting the same against[30] any forren or +domestical enemy. + +[24] should, Bancroft. + +[25] W^{ch}, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[26] extend, Bancroft. + +[27] inforced, McDonald. + +[28] such, McDonald. + +[29] shall be, McDonald. + +[30] ag^{st}, McDonald. + +Upon the[31] motion of the Governour, discussed the same time in the +assembly, ensued this order following: + + An order of the General Assembly touching a clause in + Captain[32] Martin's Patent at James Citty, July 30, 1619. + +After all the Burgesses had taken the oath of Supremacy and were +admitted into the house, and all sett downe in their places, a Copie of +Captain[33] Martin's Patent[34] was produced by the Govern^{or}[35] out +of a Clause whereof it appeared that when the general[36] assembly had +made some kinde of lawes requisite for the whole Colony, he and his +Burgesses and people might deride the whole company and chuse whether +they would obay[37] the same or no.[M] It was therefore ordered in +Courte that the foresaid two Burgesses should w^{th}drawe themselves out +of the assembly till suche time as Captaine Martin had made his +personall appearance before them. At what time, if upon their motion, if +he would be contente to quitte and give over that parte of his Patente, +and contrary therunto woulde submitte himselfe to the general forme of +governemente as all others did, that then his Burgesses should be +readmitted, otherwise they were utterly to be excluded as being spies +rather than[43] loyal Burgesses, because they had offered themselves to +be assistant at the making of[44] lawes w^{ch} both themselves and those +whom they represented might chuse whether they would obaye[45] or not. + +[M] The following passage is a side note on the margin of the McDonald +and De Jarnette copies, but Bancroft includes it in the text:--The +authority of Captaine[38] Martin's Patent graunted by the Counsell & +Company under their Comon[39] Seale, being of an higher condition[40] +and of greatter[41] force then any Acte of the General[42] Assembly. + +[31] this, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[32] Captaine, McDonald. + +[33] Captaine, McDonald. + +[34] Patente, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[35] Governour, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[36] Generall, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[37] obey, McDonald; obaye, Bancroft. + +[38] Capt., McDonald. + +[39] Common, McDonald. + +[40] comission, McDonald. + +[41] greater, McDonald. + +[42] Generall. + +[43] then, McDonald. + +[44] of the, McD. + +[45] obeye, McDonald; obaye, Bancroft. + +Then came there in a complainte against Captain[46] Martin, that having +sente his Shallop to trade for corne into the baye, under the commaunde +of one Ensigne Harrison, the saide Ensigne should affirme to one Thomas +Davis, of Paspaheighe,[47] Gent. (as the said Thomas Davis deposed upon +oathe,) that they had made a harde voiage, had they not mett w^{th} a +Canoa coming out of a creeke where their shallop could not goe. For the +Indians refusing to sell their Corne, those of the shallop entered the +Canoa w^{th} their armes and tooke it by force, measuring out the corne +w^{th} a baskett they had into the Shallop and (as the said Ensigne +Harrison saith) giving them satisfaction in copper beades[48] and other +trucking stuffe. + +Hitherto Mr. Davys upon his oath. + +[46] Captaine, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[47] Paspaheighs, McDonald, Banc'ft. + +[48] beads, McDonald. + +Furthermore it was signified from Opochancano to the Governour that +those people had complained to him to procure them justice.[49] For +w^{ch} considerations and because suche[50] outrages as this might +breede danger and loss[51] of life to others of the Colony w^{ch} should +have leave to trade in the baye hereafter, and for prevention of the +like violences against the Indians in time to come, this order following +was agreed on by the general assembly: + + A second order against Captain Martin, at James citty, July 30, + 1619. + +It was also ordered by the Assembly the same daye that in case Captaine +Martin and the ging of his shallop would[52] not throughly answere an +accusation of an outrage comitted against a certaine Canoa of Indians in +the baye, that then it was thought reason (his Patent,[53] +notw^{th}standing the authority whereof, he had in that case abused) he +shoulde[54] from henceforth take leave of the Governour[55] as other +men, and should putt[56] in security, that his people shall comitte no +such[57] outrage any more. + +[49] iustice, McDonald. + +[50] such, McDonald. + +[51] losse, McDonald. + +[52] could, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[53] Patente, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[54] should, Bancroft. + +[55] Governor, McDonald. + +[56] put, McDonald. + +[57] suche, McDonald and Bancroft. + +Upon this a letter or warrant was drawen in the name of the whole +assembly to sumon Captaine Martin to appeare before them in forme +following: + + By the Governo^r[58] and general assembly of Virginia. + + Captaine Martine, we are to request[59] you upon sight hereof, + with all convenient speed to repaire hither to James citty to + treatt and conferre w^{th} us about some matters of + especial[60] importance, w^{ch} concerns[61] both us and the + whole Colony and yourself. And of this we praye you not to + faile. + + James citty, July 30, 1619. + + To our very loving friend, Captain John Martin, Esquire, Master + of the ordinance. + +[58] Governour, Bancroft. + +[59] request, McDonald. + +[60] especiall, McDonald. + +[61] concerne, McDonald and Bancroft. + +These obstacles removed, the Speaker, who a long time had bene extreame +sickly, and therefore not able to passe through long harangues, +delivered in briefe to the whole assembly the occasions of their +meeting. Which[62] done, he read unto them the comission for +establishing the Counsell of Estate and the general[63] Assembly, +wherein their duties were described to the life. + +Having thus prepared them, he read over unto them the greate Charter, or +comission of priviledges, orders and lawes, sent by Sir George Yeardley +out of Englande.[64] Which[65] for the more ease of the Committies, +having divided into fower books, he read the former two the same +forenoon for expeditious[66] sake, a second time over, and so they were +referred to the perusall of twoe Comitties, w^{ch} did reciprocally +consider of either, and accordingly brought in their opinions. But some +man may here objecte to what ende we should presume to referre that to +the examination of Comitties w^{ch} the Counsell and Company in +England[67] had already resolved to be perfect, and did expecte +nothing[68] but our assente thereunto?[69] To this we answere, that we +did it not to the ende to correcte or controll anything therein +contained, but onely in case we should finde ought not perfectly +squaring w^{th} the state of this Colony or any lawe w^{ch} did presse +or binde too harde, that we might by waye of humble petition, seeke to +have it redressed, especially because this great Charter is to binde us +and our heyers for ever. + +[62] W^{ch}, McDonald. + +[63] Gen^{ll}, McDonald. + +[64] The substance of these will be found in the paper, "A briefe +Declaration," &c. See post.--. + +[65] W^{ch}, McDonald. + +[66] expeditions, Bancroft. + +[67] Englande, McDonald. + +[68] nothinge, McDonald. + +[69] thereunto, McDonald and Bancroft. + + The names of the Comitties for perusing the first booke of the + fower: + 1. Captain William Powell, + 2. Ensigne Rosingham, + 3. Captaine Warde, + 4. Captaine Tucker, + 5. Mr. Shelley, + 6. Thomas Douse, + 7. Samuel Jordan, + 8. Mr. Boys. + + The names of the Comitties for perusing the second booke: + + 1. Captaine Dawne,[N] + 2. Captaine Graves, + 3. Ensigne Spense, + 4. Samuel Sharpe, + 5. William Cap, + 6. Mr. Pawlett, + 7. Mr. Jefferson, + 8. Mr. Jackson. + + +These Comitties thus appointed, we brake up the first forenoon's +assembly. + +[N] Lawne, McDonald, and Bancroft, the list of Burgesses on p. 10, +showing this to be proper. + + * * * * * + +After dinner the Governo^r and those that were not of the Comitties[70] +sate a seconde time, while the said Comitties[71] were employed in the +perusall of those twoe bookes. And whereas the Speaker had propounded +fower severall objects for the Assembly to confider on: namely, first, +the great charter of orders, lawes and priviledges; Secondly, which of +the instructions given by the Counsel in England to my lo: la: +warre,[72] Captain Argall or Sir George Yeardley, might conveniently +putt on the habite of lawes; Thirdly, what lawes might issue out of the +private conceipte of any of the Burgesses, or any other of the Colony; +and lastly, what petitions were[73] fitt to be sente home for England. +It pleased the Governou^r[74] for expedition[75] sake to have the second +objecte[76] of the fower to be examined & prepared by himselfe and the +Non-Comitties. Wherin after having spente some three howers'[77] +conference, the twoe Committies[78] brought in their opinions concerning +the twoe former bookes, (the second of which beginneth at these wordes +of the Charter: And forasmuche as our intente is to establish one equall +and uniforme kinde of government over all Virginia &c.,)[79] w^{ch} the +whole Assembly, because it was late, deferred to treatt[80] of till the +next morning. + +[70] Comittees, McDonald. + +[71] Comittees, McDonald. + +[72] Lord le Warre, McDonald. + +[73] we, McDonald. + +[74] Governor, McDonald. + +[75] expeditions, McDonald, also Bancroft. + +[76] obiecte, McDonald. + +[77] houres, McDonald. + +[78] two Comittees, McDonald. + +[79] The McDonald copy includes in () all of this from "the second of +which" to "Charter," and another single ) after &c. The De Jarnette copy +has one) only after &c. Bancroft includes what is adopted in this text. + +[80] McDonald has breath. + +SATTURDAY, July 31. + +The nexte daye, therefore, out of the opinions of the said +Comitties,[81] it was agreed, these[82] Petitions ensuing should be +framed, to be presented to the Treasurer, Counsel & Company in England. +Upon the Comitties'[83] perusall of the first booke,[84] the General[85] +Assembly doe become most humble suitours to their lo^{ps} and to the +rest of that hon^{ble} Counsell and renowned Company, that albeit they +have bene pleased[86] to allotte unto the Governo^r[87] to themselves, +together w^{th} the Counsell of Estate here, and[88] to the officers of +Incorporations, certain lande[89] portions of lande to be layde out +w^{th}in the limites of the same, yet that[90] they woulde vouchsafe +also,[91] that[92] groundes as heretofore had bene granted by patent to +the antient[93] Planters by former Governours that had from the Company +received comission[94] so to doe, might not nowe after so muche labour +and coste, and so many yeares habitation be taken from them. And to the +ende that no man might doe or suffer any wrong in this kinde, that they +woulde favour us so muche (if they meane to graunte this our petition) +as to sende us notice, what comission or authority for graunting of +landes they have given to eache[95] particular Governour in times paste. + +[81] Comittees, McDonald. + +[82] those, McDonald. + +[83] Comittees, McDonald. + +[84] book, McDonald. + +[85] Generall, McDonald. + +[86] pleas'd, McDonald. + +[87] Govern^r, McDonald; Gov^r, Bancroft. + +[88] &, McDonald. + +[89] large, McDonald. + +[90] Bancroft omits "that." + +[91] alsoe, Bancroft. + +[92] McDonald has such and Bancroft suche after that. + +[93] ancient, McDonald. + +[94] Comiss^n, Bancroft. + +[95] each, Bancroft. + +The second petition of the General assembly framed by the Comitties[96] +out of the second book is. That the Treasurer[97] & Company in England +would be pleased w^{th} as muche convenient speed[98] as may be to sende +men hither to occupie their landes belonging to the fower +Incorporations, as well for their owne[99] behoofe and proffitt as for +the maintenance of the Counsel[100] of Estate, who are nowe[101] to +their extream hindrance often drawen far from their private busines and +likewise that they will have a care to sende[102] tenants to the +ministers of the fower Incorporations to manure their gleab, to the +intente that the allowance they have allotted them of 200 G.[103] a +yeare may the more easily be raised. + +[96] Comittess, McDonald. + +[97] Tresurer, McDonald. + +[98] speede, McDonald. + +[99] own, Bancroft. + +[100] Counsell, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[101] now, McDonald. + +[102] send, McDonald. + +[103] £200, Bancroft. + +The thirde Petition humbly presented by this General Assembly to the +Treasurer, Counsell & Company is, that it may plainely be expressed in +the great Comission (as indeed it is not) that the antient Planters of +both sortes, viz., suche as before Sir Thomas Dales' depart[104] were +come hither upon their owne chardges,[105] and suche also as were +brought hither upon the Companie's coste, maye have their second, third +and more divisions successively in as lardge and free manner as any +other Planters. Also that they wilbe pleased to allowe to the male +children, of them and of all others begotten in Virginia, being the +onely hope of a posterity, a single share a piece, and shares for their +issues or[106] for themselves, because that in a newe plantation it is +not knowen whether man or woman be the more necessary. + +[104] In the McDonaldcopy this was just written departure, then "ure" +crossed out with a pen, and the word made department. Bancroft has +departure. + +[105] Charges, McDonald. + +[106] McDonald and Bancroft both have "wives as," instead of "issues +or," the former being evidently the proper words. + +Their fourth Petition is to beseech the Treasurer, Counsell & Company +that they would be pleased to appoint a Sub-Tresurer[107] here to +collecte their rents,[108] to the ende that[109] the Inhabitants of this +Colony be not tyed to an impossibility of paying the same yearly to the +Treasurer in England, and that they would enjoine the said Sub-Treasurer +not precisely according to the letter of the Charter to exacte mony of +us (whereof we have none at all, as we have no minte), but the true +value of the rente in comodity. + +[107] Treasurer, McDonald. +[108] rentes, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[109] McDonald and Bancroft both omit that. + +The fifte Petition is to beseeche the Treasurer, Counsell & Company +that, towards the erecting of the University and Colledge, they will +sende, when they shall thinke[110] it most convenient, workmen of all +sortes, fitt for that purpose. + +[110] McDonald and Bancroft omit it. + +The sixte and laste is, they wilbe[111] pleased to change the savage +name of Kiccowtan, and to give that Incorporation a newe name. + +[111] will be, McDonald. + +These are the general Petitions drawen by the Comitties out of the two +former bookes w^{ch} the whole general assembly in maner and forme +above[112] sett downe doe most humbly offer up and present[113] to the +honourable construction of the Treasurer, Counsell and Company in +England. + +[112] sette, Bancroft. + +[113] presente, McDonald and Bancroft. + +These petitions thus concluded on, those twoe Comitties broughte me[114] +a reporte what they had observed in the two latter bookes, w^{ch} was +nothing else but that the perfection of them was suche as that[115] they +could finde nothing therein subject to exception, only the +Governo^{rs}[116] particular opinion to my selfe in private hathe bene +as touching a clause in the thirde booke, that in these doubtfull times +between us and the Indians, it would beehoove[117] us not to make +as[118] lardge distances between Plantation and Plantation as ten miles, +but for our more strength ande security to drawe nearer together. + +[114] In, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[115] McDonald and Bancroft omit that. + +[116] Govn^{rs}, McDonald; Gov^{rs}, Bancroft. + +[117] Behoove, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[118] So, McDonald, Bancroft. + +At the same time, there remaining no[119] farther scruple in the mindes +of the Assembly touching the said great Charter of lawes, orders and +priviledges, the Speaker putt the same to the question, and so it had +both the general assent and the applause of the whole assembly, who, as +they professed themselves in the first place most submissively thankfull +to almighty god, therefore so they commaunded the Speaker to returne (as +nowe he doth) their due and humble thankes to the Treasurer, Counsell +and company for so many priviledges and favours as well in their owne +names as in the names of the whole Colony whom they represented. + +[119] Noe, McDonald. + +This being dispatched we fell once more[120] debating of suche +instructions given by the Counsell in England to several[121] +Governo^{rs}[122] as might be converted into lawes, the last whereof was +the Establishment of the price of Tobacco, namely, of the best at +3d[123] and the second at 18d the pounde. At the reading of this the +Assembly thought good to send for Mr. Abraham Persey, the Cape marchant, +to publishe this instruction to him, and to demaunde[124] of him if he +knewe of any impediment why it might not be admitted of? His +answere[125] was that he had not as yet received any suche order from +the Adventurers of the[126] ---- in England. And notw^{th}standing he +sawe the authority was good, yet was he unwilling to yield, till suche +time as the Governo^r[127] and Assembly had layd their commandment upon +him, out of the authority of the foresaid Instructions as followeth: + +By the General Assembly. + +We will and require you, Mr. Abraham Persey, Cape Marchant, from this +daye forwarde to take notice, that, according to an article in the +Instructions confirmed by the Treasurer, Counsell[128] and Company in +Englande at a general quarter courte, both by[129] voices and under +their hands[130] and the Comon seall,[131] and given to Sir George +Yeardley, knight, this present governour, Decemb.[132] 3, 1618, that +you are bounde to accepte of the Tobacco of the Colony, either for +commodities or upon billes,[133] at three shillings the beste[134] and +the second sorte at 18d the pounde, and this shalbe[135] your sufficient +dischardge. + +James citty out of the said General Assembly, July 31,[136] 1619. + +[120] McDonald and Bancroft insert to. + +[121] Severall, McDonald. + +[122] Govern^{rs}, McDonald; Gov., Bancroft. +[123] The text, which follows the De Jarnette copy, is evidently wrong. +The McDonald copy is blotted and illegible. Bancroft has 3.s. and +Sainsbury's abstract the same. + +[124] Demand, McDonald. + +[125] Answer, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[126] McDonald and Bancroft both fill the space with Magazin. + +[127] Gov^r, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[128] Counsell, Treasurer, McDonald. + +[129] McD. inserts the. + +[130] handes, McD. + +[131] seale, McD., Bft. + +[132] Dec^r, McDonald. + +[133] bills, McDonald. + +[134] best, McDonald. + +[135] shall be, McDonald. + +[136] 31st, Bancroft. + +At the same[137] the Instructions convertible into lawes were referred +to the consideration of the above named Committies,[138] viz., the +general Instructions to the first Committie[139] and the particular +Instructions to the second, to be returned by them into the assembly on +Munday morning. + +[137] McDonald and Bancroft insert time. + +[138] Committees, McDonald. + +[139] Committee, McDonald. + +SUNDAY, Aug. 1. + +Mr. Shelley, one of the Burgesses, deceased. + +MUNDAY,[140] Aug. 2. + +Captain John Martin (according to the sumons sent him on Fryday,[141] +July 30,) made his personall appearance at the barre, whenas the Speaker +having first read unto him the orders of the Assembly that concerned +him, he pleaded lardgely for himself[142] to them both and +indevoured[143] to answere some other thinges[144] that were objected +against[145] his Patente. In fine, being demanded out of the former +order whether he would quitte that clause of his Patent[146] w^{ch} +(quite otherwise then Sir William Throckmorton's, Captain Christopher +Dawnes'[147] and other men's patentes) exempteth himselffe and his +people from all services of the Colonie excepte onely in case of warre +against[148] a forren or domesticall enemie. His answere[149] was +negative, that he would not infringe any parte[150] of his Patente. +Whereupon it was resolved by the Assembly that his Burgesses should have +no admittance. + +[140] Monday, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[141] Friday, McDonald. + +[142] himselfe, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[143] & indeavoured, McDonald. + +[144] things, McDonald. + +[145] ag^{st}, McDonald. + +[146] Patente, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[147] Lawnes, Bancroft, see p. 10. + +[148] ag^{st}, McDonald. + +[149] answer, Bancroft. + +[150] part, McDonald and Bancroft. + +To the second order his answere was affirmative, namely, that (his +Patent[151] notwithstanding) whensoever he should send into the baye to +trade, he would[152] be contente to putt in security to the +Governour[153] for the good behaviour of his people towardes[154] the +Indians. + +[151] patente, McDonald. +[152] woulde, McDonald. + +[153] Gov^r, Bancroft. + +[154] towards, Bancroft. + +It was at the same time further ordered by the Assembly that the +Speaker, in their names, should (as he nowe doth[155]) humbly +demaunde[156] of the Treasurer, Counsell[157] and Company an exposition +of this one clause in Captaine[158] Martin's Patente, namely, where it +is saide That he is to enjoye[159] his landes in as lardge[160] and +ample manner, to all intentes and[161] purposes, as any lord of any +manours in England dothe holde his grounde out of w^{ch} some have +collected that he might by the same graunte protecte men from paying +their debts and from diverse other dangers of lawe. The least the +Assembly can alledge against this clause is, that it is obscure, and +that it is a thing impossible for us here to knowe the Prerogatives of +all the manours in Englande. The Assembly therefore humbly beseeche[162] +their lo^{pps}[163] and the rest of that hon^{ble} house[164] that in +case they shall finde any thing in this or in any other parte of his +graunte wherby that clause towardes the conclusion of the great charter, +(viz., that all grauntes aswell of the one sorte as of the other +respectively, be made w^{th} equall favour, & graunts[165] of like +liberties & imunities[166] as neer as may be, to the ende that all +complainte[167] of partiality and indifferency[168] may be avoided,) +might[169] in any sorte be contradicted or the uniformity and +equality[170] of lawes and[171] orders extending over the whole Colony +might be impeached, That they would be pleased to remove any such +hindrance as may diverte out of the true course the free and[172] +publique current of Justice. + +[155] doe, McDonald. + +[156] demande, McDonald. + +[157] Council, McDonald. + +[158] Capt., Bancroft. + +[159] enjoy, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[160] large, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[161] &, McDonald. + +[162] beseecheth, McDonald and Bancroft. +[163] Lop^s, McDonald; Lo^{ps}, Bancroft. + +[164] bourde, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[165] grants, McDonald. + +[166] immunities, McDonald. + +[167] complaintes, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[168] unindifferency, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[169] mighte, McDonald. + +[170] equallity, McDonald. + +[171] &, McDonald. + +[172] &, McDonald and Bancroft. + +Upon the same grounde and[173] reason their l^{ops}, together with the +rest of the Counsell[174] and Company, are humbly besought[175] by this +general[176] assembly that if in that other clause w^{ch} exempteth +Captaine[177] Martin and his people from all services of the Colony &c., +they shall finde any resistance against[178] that equality and[179] +uniformity of lawes and orders intended nowe by them to be established +over the whole Colony, that they would be pleased to reforme it. + +[173] &, McDonald. + +[174] Councill, McDonald. + +[175] besoughte, McDonald. + +[176] the Generall, McDonald. + +[177] Captain, Bancroft. + +[178] ag^{st}, McDonald. + +[179] &, McDonald. + +In fine, wheras[180] Captaine[181] Martin, for those ten shares allowed +him for his personal[182] adventure and[183] for his adventure of £70 +besides, doth claim 500 acres a share, that the Treasurer, Counsell and +Company woulde vouchsafe to give notice to the Governour[184] here, what +kinde[185] of shares they meante he should have when they gave him his +Patent.[186] + +[180] whereas, McDonald. + +[181] Captaine, McDonald; Capt., Bancroft. + +[182] personall, McDonald. + +[183] &, McDonald. + +[184] Govern^r, McDonald. + +[185] kind, McDonald. + +[186] Patente, McDonald. + +The premisses about Captaine Martin thus resolved, the Committies[187] +appointed to consider what instructions are fitt to be converted into +lawes, brought in their opinions, and[188] first of some of the +general[189] instructions. + +[187] Comittee, McDonald. + +[188] &, McDonald. + +[189] generall, McDonald. + + Here begin the lawes drawen out of the Instructions given by + his Mat^{ies} Counsell of Virginia in England to my lo: la + warre,[190] Captain Argall and Sir George Yeardley, knight. + +[190] Lo. La Warre, McDonald and Bancroft. + +By this present Generall Assembly be it enacted, that no[191] injury or +oppression be wrought by the Englishe[192] against[193] the Indians +whereby the present peace might be disturbed and antient quarrells might +be revived. And farther[194] be it ordained, that the Chicohomini are +not to be excepted out of this lawe; untill either that suche[195] order +come out of Englande, or that they doe provoke us by some newe injury. + +[191] Noe, McDonald. + +[192] Englishe, Bancroft. + +[193] ag^{st}, McDonald. +[194] further, McDonald. + +[195] such, McDonald. + +Against Idlenes, Gaming, durunkenes & excesse in apparell the Assembly +hath enacted as followeth: + +First, in detestation of Idlenes[196] be it enacted, that if any men be +founde to live as an Idler or renagate, though a freedman, it +shalbe[197] lawfull for that Incorporation or Plantation to w^{ch} he +belongeth to appoint him a M^r to serve for wages, till he shewe +apparant signes of amendment. + +[196] Idlers, McDonald. + +[197] shall be, McDonald. + +Against gaming at dice[198] & Cardes be it ordained by this present +assembly that the winner or winners shall lose all his or their +winninges and[199] both winners and loosers shall forfaicte[200] ten +shillings a man, one ten shillings whereof to go to the discoverer, and +the rest to charitable & pious uses in the Incorporation where the +faulte[201] is comitted. + +[198] and, Bancroft. + +[199] As the McDonald copy has & in every instance where the other two +have and, the reader will bear this in mind and it will not be again +repeated. + +[200] forfaite, McDonald. + +[201] faults are, McDonald. + +Against drunkenness be it also decreed that if any private person be +found culpable thereof, for the first time he is to be reprooved +privately by the Minister, the second time publiquely, the thirde time +to lye in boltes 12 howers in the house of the Provost Marshall & to +paye his fee,[202] and if he still continue in that vice, to undergo +suche severe punishment as the Governo^r[203] and Counsell of Estate +shall thinke fitt to be inflicted on him. But if any officer offende in +this crime, the first time he shall receive a reprooff from the +Governour, the second time he shall openly be reprooved in the churche +by the minister, and the third time he shall first be comitted and then +degraded. Provided it be understood that the Govern^r[204] hath +alwayes[205] power to restore him when he shall, in his discretion +thinke fitte. + +[202] fees, McDonald. + +[203] Gover^{nr}, McDonald; Govern^r, Bancroft. + +[204] Gover^{nr}, McDonald; Govern^r, Bancroft. + +[205] alwaies, McDonald; always, Bancroft. + +Against excesse in[206] apparell that every man be cessed in the churche +for all publique contributions, if he be unmarried according to his owne +apparrell, if he be married, according to his owne and his wives, or +either of their apparell. + +[206] of, McDonald. + +As touching the instruction[207] of drawing some of the better disposed +of the Indians to converse w^{th} our people & to live and labour +amongst[208] them, the Assembly who knowe[209] well their dispositions +thinke it fitte to enjoine,[210] least to counsell those of the Colony, +neither utterly to rejecte them nor yet to drawe them to come in. But in +case they will of themselves come voluntarily to places well peopled, +there to doe service in killing of Deere, fishing, beatting of Corne and +other workes, that then five or six may be admitted into every such +place, and no more, and that w^{th} the consente[211] of the Governour. +Provided that good[212] guarde[213] in the night be kept upon them, for +generally (though some amongst many may proove[214] good) they are a +most trecherous people and quickly gone when they have done a villany. +And it were fitt[215] a housewe builte for them to lodge in aparte[216] +by themselves, and lone inhabitants by no meanes[217] to entertaine +them. + +[207] instructions, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[208] among, McDonald. + +[209] know, McDonald. + +[210] at inserted by Bancroft. + +[211] with consente, McDonald. + +[212] goode, Bancroft. + +[213] guard, McDonald. +[214] prove, McDonald. + +[215] fitte, Bancroft. + +[216] apart, McDonald. + +[217] means, Bancroft. + +Be it enacted by this present assembly that for laying a surer +foundation of the conversion of the Indians to Christian Religion, eache +towne, citty, Borrough, and particular plantation do obtaine unto +themselves by just means a certaine number of the natives' children to +be educated by them in true religion and civile course of life--of +w^{ch} children the most towardly boyes in witt & graces of nature to be +brought up by them in the first elements of litterature, so[218] to be +fitted for the Colledge intended for them that from thence they may be +sente[219] to that worke of conversion. + +[218] as, inserted by Bancroft. + +[219] sent, McDonald. + +As touching the busines of planting corne this present Assembly doth +ordaine that yeare by yeare all & every householder and householders +have in store for every servant he or they shall keep, and also for his +or their owne persons, whether they have any Servants or no, one spare +barrell of corne, to be delivered out yearly, either upon sale or +exchange as need shall require. For the neglecte[220] of w^{ch} duty he +shalbe[221] subjecte to the censure of the Govern^r[222] and Counsell of +Estate. Provided alwayes that the first yeare of every newe man this +lawe shall not be of[223] force. + +[220] neglect, McDonald. + +[221] shall be, McDonald. + +[222] Governour, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[223] in, McDonald. + +About the plantation of Mulbery trees, be it enacted that every man as +he is seatted[224] upon his division, doe for seven yeares together, +every yeare plante and maintaine in growte[225] six[226] Mulberry trees +at the least,[227] and as many more as he shall thinke conveniente and +as his virtue[228] & Industry shall move him to plante, and that all +suche persons as shall neglecte the yearly planting and maintaining of +that small proportion shalbe[229] subjecte to the censure of the +Governour & the Counsell of Estate. + +[224] seated, McDonald. + +[225] growth, McDonald. + +[226] sixe, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[227] leaste, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[228] vertue, McDonald. + +[229] shall be, McDonald. + +Be it farther[230] enacted as concerning Silke-flaxe, that those men +that are upon their division or setled[231] habitation doe this +next[232] yeare plante & dresse 100 plantes, w^{ch} being founde a +comedity,[233] may farther be increased. And whosoever do faill in the +performance of this shalbe[234] subject to this punishment of the +Governour[235] & Counsell of Estate. + +[230] further, McDonald. + +[231] settled, McDonald. + +[232] next, McDonald. + +[233] comodity, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[234] shall be, McDonald. + +[235] Gover^{nor}, McDonald. + +For hempe also both Englishe & Indian, and for Englishe[236] flax & +Anniseeds, we do[237] require and enjoine all householders of this +Colony that have any of those seeds[238] to make tryal thereofe the +nexte season. + +[236] English, Bancroft. + +[237] wee doe, McDonald. + +[238] seedes, Bancroft. + +Moreover be it enacted by this present Assembly, that every householder +doe yearly plante and maintaine ten vines untill they have attained to +the art and experience of dressing a Vineyard either by their owne +industry or by the Instruction of some Vigneron. And that upon what +penalty soever the Governo^r[239] and Counsell of Estate shall thinke +fitt to impose upon the neglecters of this acte. + +[239] Governour, McDonald and Bancroft. + +Be it also enacted that all necessary tradesmen, or so[240] many as need +shall require, suche[241] as are come over since the departure of Sir +Thomas Dale, or that shall hereafter come, shall worke at their trades +for any other man, each[242] one being payde according to the +quality[243] of his trade and worke, to be estimated, if he shall not be +contented, by the Governo^r and officers of the place where he worketh. + +[240] soe, McDonald. + +[241] such, Bancroft. + +[242] eache, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[243] qualitye, Bancroft. + +Be it further ordained by this General Assembly, and we doe by these +presents enacte, that all contractes[244] made in England between the +owners of lande and their Tenants and Servantes w^{ch} they shall +sende[245] hither, may be caused to be duely[246] performed, and that +the offenders be punished as the Governour[247] and Counsell of Estate +shall thinke just and convenient. + +[244] contracts, McDonald. + +[245] send, McDonald. + +[246] duly, McDonald. + +[247] Gover^{nr}, McDonald. + +Be it established also by this present Assembly that no crafty or +advantagious means be suffered to be putt in practise for the inticing +awaye the Tenants or[248] Servants of any particular plantation from the +place where they are seatted. And that it shalbe[249] the duty of the +Governo^r[250] & Counsell of Estate most severely to punishe both the +seducers and the seduced, and to returne[251] these latter into their +former places. + +[248] &, McDonald. + +[249] shall be, McDonald. + +[250] Gover^{nr}, McDonald; Governour, Bancroft. + +[251] return, Bancroft. + +Be it further enacted that the orders for the Magazin[252] lately made +be exactly kepte, and that the Magazin be preserved from wrong[253] and +sinister practises, and that according to the orders of courte in +Englande[254] all Tobacco and sassafras be brought[255] by the Planters +to the Cape marchant till suche time as all the goods[256] nowe or +heretofore sent for the Magazin be taken off their handes at the prices +agreed on. That by this meanes[257] the some[258] going for +Englande[259] with[260] one hande, the price thereof may be uphelde[261] +the better. And to the ende that all the whole Colony may take notice of +the last order of Courte made in Englande and all those whom it +concerneth may knowe[262] howe[263] to observe it, we[264] holde it fitt +to publishe it here for a lawe[265] among the rest of our lawes. The +w^{ch}[266] order is as followeth: + +Upon the 26[267] of October, 1618, it was ordered that the Magazin[268] +should continue during[269] the terme formerly prefixed, and that +certaine[270] abuses now complained of should be reformed, and that for +preventing of all Impositions save the allowance of 25 in the hundred +proffitt, the Governo^r[271] shall have an invoice as well as the Cape +Marchant, that if any abuse in the sale of the[272] goods be offered, +wee,[273] upon Intelligence and due examination thereof, shall see it +correctede. And for the incouragement[274] of particular hundreds, as +Smythe's hundred, Martin's hundred, Lawnes' hundred, and the like, it is +agreed that what comodities are reaped upon anie of these General[275] +Colonies, it shalbe lawefull for them to returne the same to their owne +adventurers. Provided that the same[276] comodity be of their owne +growing, w^{th}out trading w^{th} any other, in one entyre lumpe and not +dispersed, and that at the determination of the jointe stocke, the goods +then remaining in the Magazin[277] shalbe[278] bought by the said +particular Colonies before any other goods w^{ch} shall be sente by +private men. And it was moreover ordered that if the lady la warre, the +Lady Dale, Captain Bargrave and the rest, would unite themselves into a +settled[279] Colony they might be capable of the same priviledges that +are graunted to any of the foresaid hundreds. Hitherto the order. + +[252] magazine, McDonald. + +[253] wronge, McDonald. +[254] England, McDonald. + +[255] Sassafras brought, McDonald; to be brought, Bancroft. + +[256] goodes, Bancroft. + +[257] means, Bancroft. + +[258] same, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[259] England, McDonald. + +[260] into, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[261] upheld, Bancroft. + +[262] know, McDonald. + +[263] how, McDonald. + +[264] wee, McDonald. + +[265] Law, McDonald. + +[266] which, McDonald. + +[267] 26th, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[268] Magazine, McDonald. + +[269] duringe, McDonald. + +[270] certain, Bancroft. + +[271] Governour, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[272] the, omitted by McDonald. + +[273] wee, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[274] encouragement, McDonald. + +[275] severall, McDonald; several, Bancroft; this word evidently the +proper one. + +[276] said, McDonald, Bancroft. +[277] magazine, McDonald. + +[278] shall be, McDonald. + +[279] setled, Bancroft. + +All[280] the general Assembly by voices concluded not only the +acceptance and observation of this order, but of the Instruction also to +Sir George Yeardley next preceding the same. Provided first, that the +Cape Marchant do[281] accepte of the Tobacco of all and everie the +Planters here in Virginia, either for Goods or upon billes of Exchange +at three shillings the pounde the beste, and 18d the second sorte. +Provided also that the billes be only payde in Englande. Provided, in +the third place, that if any other besides the Magazin[282] have at any +time any necessary comodity w^{ch} the Magazine doth wante, it shall and +may be lawfull for any of the Colony to buye[283] the said necessary +comodity of the said party, but upon the termes of the Magazin[284] viz: +allowing no more gaine then 25 in the hundred, and that with the leave +of the Governour. Provided lastely,[285] that it may be lawfull[286] for +the Govern^r[287] to give leave to any Mariner, or any other person, +that shall have any suche necessary comodity wanting to the Magazin[288] +to carrie home for England so muche[289] Tobacco or other naturall +comodities of the Country[290] as his Customers shall pay him for the +said necessary comodity or comodities. And to the ende we may not only +persuade and incite men, but inforce them also thoroughly and loyally +to aire their Tobacco before they bring it to the Magazine,[291] be it +enacted, and by these presents we doe enacte, that if upon the Judgement +of power sufficient even of any incorporation where the Magazine[292] +shall reside, (having first taken their oaths to give true sentence, +twoe whereof to be chosen by the Cape Marchant and twoe by the +Incorporation,) any Tobacco whatsoever shall not proove[293] vendible at +the second price, that it shall there imediately be burnt before the +owner's face. Hitherto suche lawes as were drawen out of the +Instructions. + +[280] And, Bancroft. + +[281] doe, McDonald. + +[282] magazine, McDonald. + +[283] buy, McDonald. + +[284] magazine, McDonald. + +[285] lastly, McDonald. +[286] lawful, McDonald. + +[287] Governour, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[288] As this word is spelt by McDonald in every instance with the final +e this note will not be repeated. + +[289] much, McDonald. + +[290] countrey, McDonald. + +[291] Magazin, Bancroft. + +[292] do., do. + +[293] prove, Bancroft. + + +TUESDAY, Aug. 3,[294] 1619. + +This morning a thirde[295] sorte of lawes (suche as might proceed out of +every man's private conceipt[296]) were read and referred by halves to +the same comitties[297] w^{ch} were from the beginning. + +[294] 3rd, Bancroft. + +[295] third, Bancroft. + +[296] conceipte, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[297] comittees, McDonald. + +This done, Captaine[298] William Powell presented to the Assembly a +petition to have justice against a lewde[299] and trecherous servante of +his who by false accusation given up in writing to the Governo^r[300] +sought not onely to gett[301] him deposed from his government of James +citty and utterly (according to the Proclamation) to be degraded from +the place and title of a Captaine, but to take his life from him also. +And so out of the said Petition sprang this order following: + +Captaine William Powell presented a Petition to the generall[302] +Assembly against[303] one Thomas Garnett, a servant of his, not onely +for extreame neglect of his business to the great loss[304] and +prejudice of the said Captaine, and for openly and impudently abusing +his house, in sight both of Master and Mistresse, through wantonnes[305] +w^{th} a woman servant of theirs, a widdowe, but also for falsely +accusing him to the Governo^r[306] both of Drunkenes &[307] Thefte, and +besides for bringing all[308] his fellow servants to testifie[309] on +his side, wherein they justly failled[310] him. It was thought fitt by +the general assembly (the Governour himselfe[311] giving sentence), that +he should stand[312] fower dayes with his eares nayled to the Pillory, +viz: Wednesday, Aug. 4^{th}, and so likewise Thursday, fryday and +Satturday[313] next following, and every of those fower dayes should be +publiquely whipped. Now, as touching the neglecte of his worke, what +satisfaction ought to be made to his M^r for that is referred to the +Governour and Counsell of Estate. + +[298] Capt., Bancroft. + +[299] lewd, McDonald. + +[300] Governour, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[301] get, McDonald. + +[302] General, McDonald. + +[303] ag^{st}, McDonald. + +[304] losse, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[305] wantonnes, McDonald; wantonness, Bancroft. + +[306] Governour, McDonald and Bancroft. + +[307] McDonald omits the &; Bancroft, nor and. + +[308] McDonald omits the all. + +[309] certifie, Bancroft. + +[310] failed, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[311] himself, McDonald. + +[312] stande, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[313] Saturday, Bancroft. + +The same morning the lawes abovewritten, drawen out of the instructions, +were read, and one by one thoroughly examined, and then passed once +again[314] the general[315] consente of the whole Assembly. +[314] againe, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[315] generall, McDonald, Bancroft. + +This afternoon the committies brought in a reporte, what they had done +as concerning the third sorte of lawes, the discussing whereof spente +the residue of that daye. Excepte onely the consideration of a petition +of M^r John Rolfes againste Captaine John Martine[316] for writing a +letter to him wherein (as M^r Rolfe alledgeth) he taxeth him both +unseemly[317] and amisse of certaine thinges[318] wherein he was never +faulty, and besides, casteth some aspersion upon the present government, +w^{ch} is the most temperate and juste[319] that ever was in this +country, too milde, indeed, for many of[320] this Colony, whom +unwoonted[321] liberty hath made insolente and not to knowe[322] +themselves. This Petition of M^r Rolfes' was thought fitt to be referred +to the Counsell of State. + +[316] Martin, McDonald. + +[317] unseemingly, Bancroft. + +[318] things, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[319] just, McDonald. + +[320] in, McDonald. + +[321] unwonted, McDonald. + +[322] know, McDonald. + + +WEDENSDAY, Aug. 4^{th}. + +This daye (by reason of extream heat, both paste and likely to ensue, +and by that meanes of the alteration of the healthes of diverse of the +general Assembly) the Governour, who[323] himselfe also[324] was not +well, resolved should be the last of this first session; so in the +morning the Speaker (as he was required by the Assembly) redd over all +the lawes and orders that had formerly passed the house, to give the +same yett one reviewe[325] more, and to see whether there were any thing +to be amended or that might be excepted againste. This being done, the +third sorte of lawes w^{ch} I am nowe coming[326] to sett downe, were +read over throughly[327] discussed, w^{ch}, together w^{th} the former, +did now passe the laste and finall consente of the General[328] +Assembly. +[323] who, omitted by McDonald. + +[324] who, inserted by McDonald. + +[325] review, McDonald. + +[326] cominge, McDonald. + +[327] thoroughly, McDonald. + +[328] generall, McDonald. + + +A third sorte of lawes, suche as may[329] issue out of every man's +private[330] conceipte. + + +It shalbe free for every man to trade w^{th} the Indians, servants onely +excepted, upon paine of whipping, unless the M^r will[331] redeeme it +off w^{th} the payment of an Angell, one-fourth parte whereofe to +go[332] to the Provost Marshall, one fourth parte to the discoverer, and +the other moyty to the publique uses of the Incorporation.[333] + +[329] maye, Bancroft. + +[330] privat, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[331] will, omitted by McDonald. + +[332] goe, McDonald. + +[333] where he dwelleth, added in McDonald copy. + +That no man doe[334] sell or give any of the greatter howes to the +Indians, or any Englishe[335] dog of quality, as a mastive,[336] +greyhound, bloodhounde, lande or water spaniel, or any other dog or +bitche whatsoever, of the Englishe race, upon paine of forfaiting +5^s[337] sterling to the publique uses of the Incorporation where he +dwelleth. + +[334] do, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[335] English, McDonald. + +[336] mastiffe, McDonald. + +[337] 5^b, McDonald; £5, Bancroft. + +That no man do sell or give any Indians any piece shott or poulder, or +any other armes, offensive or defensive, upon paine of being held a +Traytour to the Colony, and of being hanged as soon as the facte[338] is +proved, w^{th}out all redemption.[339] + +[338] Fact, McDonald. + +[339] In the McDonald copy this and the paragraph next preceding are +transposed. + +That no man may go above twenty miles from his dwelling-place, nor upon +any voiage whatsoever shalbe absent from thence for the space of seven +dayes together w^{th}out first having made the Governo^r[340] or +comaunder of the same place acquainted therw^{th},[341] upon paine[342] +of paying twenty shillinges[343] to the publique uses of the same +Incorporation where the party delinquent dwelleth. + +[340] Governour, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[341] therewith, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[342] penalty, McDonald. + +[343] shillings, Bancroft. + +That noe man shall purposely goe to any Indian townes, habitations or +places of resort[344] w^{th}out leave from the Governo^r[345] or +comaunder[346] of that place where he liveth, upon paine of paying 40^s +to publique uses as aforesaid. + +[344] resorte, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[345] Gover^{nr}, McDonald; Governour, Bancroft. + +[346] comander, McDonald; comand^r, Bancroft. + +That no man living in this Colony, but shall between this and the first +of January nexte ensuing come or sende to the Secretary of Estate[347] +to enter his own and all his servants' names, and for what terme or upon +what conditions they are to serve, upon penalty of paying 40^s to the +said Secretary of Estate.[348] Also, whatsoever M^{rs} or people +doe[349] come over to this plantation that within[350] one month of +their arrivall (notice being first given them of this very lawe) they +shall likewise resorte to the Secretary of Estate[351] and shall +certifie him upon what termes or conditions they be come hither, to the +ende that he may recorde their grauntes and comissions, and for how long +time and upon what conditions[352] their servants (in case they have +any) are to serve them, and that upon paine of the penalty nexte above +mentioned. + +[347] State, McDonald. + +[348] State, McDonald. + +[349] do., Bancroft. + +[350] w^{th}in, McDonald. + +[351] State, McDonald. + +[352] In the McDonald copy, from the word conditions, in the third line +above, to this point are omitted. + +All Ministers in the Colony shall once a year, namely, in the moneth of +Marche, bring to the Secretary of Estate a true account of all +Christenings, burials and marriages, upon paine, if they faill, to be +censured for their negligence by the Governo^r[353] and Counsell[354] of +Estate; likewise, where there be no ministers, that the comanders of the +place doe supply the same duty. + +[353] Governour, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[354] Councill, McDonald. + +No man, w^{th}out leave of the Governo^r, shall kill any Neatt cattle +whatsoever, young or olde, especially kine, Heyfurs or cow-calves, and +shalbe[355] carefull to preserve their steeres[356] and oxen, and to +bring them to the plough and such profitable uses, and w^{th}out having +obtained leave as aforesaid, shall not kill them, upon penalty of +forfaiting the value of the beast so killed. + +[355] shall be, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[356] steers, McDonald. + +Whosoever shall take any of his neighbours' boates, oares, or canoas +w^{th}out leave from the owner shalbe held[357] and esteemed as a felon +and so proceeded againste;[358] tho[359] hee that shall take away by +violence or stelth any canoas or other thinges from the Indians shall +make valuable restitution to the said Indians, and shall forfaict, if +he be a freeholder, five pound; if a servant, 40^s, or endure a +whipping; and anything under the value of 13^d[360] shall be accounted +Petty larceny. + +[357] helde, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[358] against, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[359] also McDonald, Bancroft. + +[360] ob., McDonald. + +All ministers shall duely read divine service, and exercise their +ministerial function according to the Ecclesiastical lawes and orders of +the churche[361] of Englande, and every Sunday in the afternoon[362] +shall Catechize suche as are not yet ripe to come to the Com.[363] And +whosoever of them shalbe[364] found negligent or faulty in this kinde +shalbe subject to the censure of the Govern^r and Counsell of Estate. + +[361] Church, McDonald. + +[362] afternoone, McDonald. + +[363] comunion, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[364] shall be, McDonald. + +The Ministers and Churchwardens shall seeke to presente[365] all ungodly +disorders, the comitters wherofe[366] if, upon goode[367] admonitions +and milde reprooff,[368] they will not forbeare the said skandalous +offenses,[369] as suspicions of whordomes,[370] dishonest company +keeping with weomen and suche[371] like, they are to be presented and +punished accordingly. + +[365] prevente, McDonald. + +[366] whereof, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[367] good, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[368] reproofe, McDonald. + +[369] offences, McDonald. + +[370] whoredoms, McDonald. + +[371] such, McDonald. + +If any person after two warnings, doe[372] not amende[373] his or her +life in point[374] of evident suspicion of Incontincy[375] or of the +comission[376] of any other enormous sinnes,[377] that then he or shee +be presented by the Churchwardens and suspended for a time from the +churche by the minister. In w^{ch} Interim if the same person do[378] +not amende and humbly submit[379] him or herselfe to the churche, he is +then fully to be excomunicate and soon after a writt or warrant to be +sent[380] from the Govern^r[381] for the apprehending of his person ande +seizing on[382] all his goods. Provided alwayes, that all the ministers +doe meet[383] once a quarter, namely, at the feast of S^t Michael the +Arkangell, of the nativity of our saviour, of the Annuntiation of the +blessed Virgine, and about midsomer, at[384] James citty or any other +place where the Governo^r[385] shall reside, to determine whom it is +fitt to excomunicate, and that they first presente their opinion to the +Governo^r[386] ere they proceed to the acte of excomunication. + +[372] do., Bancroft. + +[373] amend, Bancroft. + +[374] pointe, McDonald. + +[375] Incontinency, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[376] commission, McDonald. + +[377] suines, Bancroft. + +[378] doe, McDonald. + +[379] submitt, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[380] sente, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[381] Governour, Bancroft. + +[382] McDonald omits on. + +[383] meete, McDonald. + +[384] att., McDonald. + +[385] Gover^{nr}, McDonald; Governour, Bancroft. + +[386] Governour, McDonald, Bancroft. + +For reformation of swearing, every freeman and M^r of a family after +thrise admonition shall give 5s or the value upon present[387] demaunde, +to the use of the church where he dwelleth; and every servant after the +like admonition, excepte his M^r dischardge[388] the fine, shalbe +subject to whipping. Provided, that the payment of the fine +notw^{th}standing, the said servant shall acknowledge his faulte +publiquely in the Churche. + +[387] presente, McDonald. + +[388] discharge, McDonald. + +No man whatsoever, coming by water from above, as from Henrico, Charles +citty, or any place from the westwarde of James citty, and being bound +for Kiccowtan,[389] or any other parte on this side,[390] the same shall +presume to pass by, either by day or by night, w^{th}out touching firste +here at James citty to knowe[391] whether the Governo^r[392] will +comande him any service. And the like shall they performe that come from +Kicawtan[393] ward, or from any place between this and that, to go +upwarde, upon paine of forfaiting ten pound sterling a time to the +Govern^r[394]. Provided, that if a servant having had instructions from +his Master to observe this lawe,[395] doe, notw^{th}standing, +transgresse the same, that then the said[396] servant shalbe punished at +the Govern^{r's} discretion; otherwise, that the master himselfe shall +undergo the foresaid penalty. + +[389] Kicowtan, Bancroft. + +[390] of, inserted by McDonald. + +[391] know, McDonald. + +[392] Governour, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[393] Kiccowtan, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[394] Governor, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[395] McDonald reads, observe his service. + +[396] s^d, McDonald. + +No man shall trade[397] into the baye, either in shallop, pinnace, or +ship, w^{th}out the Govern^{r's}[398] license, and w^{th}out putting in +security that neither himself nor his Company shall force or wrong the +Indians, upon paine that, doing otherwise, they shalbe censured at their +returne by the Govern^{or}[399] and Counsell[400] of Estate. + +[397] shall have trade, Bancroft. + +[398] Governour's, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[399] Governour, McDonald; Gov^r, Bancroft. + +[400] Councell, McDonald. + +All persons whatsoever upon the Sabaoth daye[401] shall frequente divine +service and sermons both forenoon and afternoon, and all suche as beare +armes shall bring[402] their pieces, swordes, poulder and shotte. And +every one that shall transgresse this lawe shall forfaicte[403] three +shillinges[404] a time to the use of the churche, all lawful and +necessary impediments excepted. But if a servant in this case shall +wilfully neglecte his M^{r's} comande he shall suffer bodily +punishmente. + +[401] days, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[402] bringe, McDonald. + +[403] forfaict, Bancroft. + +[404] shillings, Bancroft. + +No maide or woman servant, either now resident in the Colonie or +hereafter to come, shall contract herselfe in marriage w^{th}out either +the consente of her parents, or of her M^r or M^{ris}, or of the +magistrat[405] and minister of the place both together. And whatsoever +minister shall marry or contracte any suche persons w^{th}out some of +the foresaid consentes shalbe[406] subjecte to the severe censure of the +Govern^r[407] and Counsell[408] of Estate. + +[405] magistrate, McDonald. + +[406] shall be, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[407] Gover^{nr}, McDonald; Gov^r, Bancroft. + +[408] Council, McDonald. + +Be it enacted by this[409] present assembly that whatsoever servant hath +heretofore or shall hereafter contracte himselfe in England, either by +way of Indenture or otherwise, to serve any Master here in Virginia and +shall afterward, against[410] his said former contracte, depart from his +M^r w^{th}out leave, or, being once imbarked, shall abandon the ship he +is appointed to come in, and so, being lefte behinde, shall putt[411] +himselfe into the service of any other man that will bring him hither, +that then at the same servant's arrival here, he shall first serve out +his time with that M^r that brought him hither and afterward also shall +serve out his time[412] w^{th} his former M^r according to his covenant. + +[409] the, McDonald. + +[410] ag^{st}, McDonald. + +[411] put, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[412] McDonald omits the words, with that M^r that brought him hither +and afterwards also shall serve out his time. + +Here ende the lawes. + +All these lawes being thus concluded and consented to as aforesaide[413] +Captaine Henry Spellman[414] was called to the barre to answere to +certaine misdemeano^{rs} layde to his chardge by Robert Poole, +interpretour, upon his oath (whose examination the Governo^r sente into +England in the Prosperus), of w^{ch} accusations of Poole some he +acknowledged for true, but the greattest[415] part he denyed. Whereupon +the General[416] Assembly, having throughly heard and considered his +speaches, did constitute this order following against him: + +AUG. 4^{th}, 1619. + +This day Captaine Henry Spelman[417] was convented before the General +Assembly and was examined by a relation upon oath of one Robert Poole, +Interpreter, what conference had passed between the said Spelman[418] +and Opochancano at Poole's meeting with him in Opochancano's courte. +Poole chardgeth him he spake very unreverently and maliciously +against[419] this present Govern^r,[420] wherby the honour and dignity +of his place and person, and so of the whole Colonie, might be brought +into contempte, by w^{ch} meanes what mischiefs might ensue from the +Indians by disturbance of the peace or otherwise, may easily be +conjectured. Some thinges of this relation Spelman confessed, but the +most parte he denyed, excepte onely one matter of importance, & that was +that he hade informed Opochancano that w^{th}in a yeare there would come +a Governo^r[421] greatter then[422] this that nowe is in place. By +w^{ch} and by other reportes it seemeth he hath alienated the minde of +Opochancano from this present Governour, and brought him in much +disesteem, both w^{th} Opochancano[423] and the Indians, and the whole +Colony in danger of their slippery designes. + +[413] Aforesaid, Bancroft. + +[414] Spelman, McDonald. + +[415] greatest, McDonald. + +[416] gen^l, Bancroft. + +[417] Spellman, Bancroft. + +[418] Spellman, Bancroft. + +[419] ag^{st}, McDonald. + +[420] Governour, Bancroft. + +[421] Governour, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[422] than, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[423] Opochancanos, McDonald. + +The general assembly upon Poole's testimony onely not willing to putt +Spelman to the rigour and extremity of the lawe, w^{ch} might, perhaps +both speedily and deservedly, have taken his life from him (upon the +witness[424] of one whom he muche excepted against) were pleased, for +the present, to censure him rather out of that his confession above +written then[425] out of any other prooffe. Several and sharpe +punishments were pronounced against[426] him by diverse of the Assembly, +But in fine the whole course[427] by voices united did encline to the +most favourable, w^{ch} was that for this misdemeanour[428] he should +first be degraded of his title of Captaine,[429] at the head of the +troupe, and should be condemned to performe seven yeares service to the +Colony in the nature of Interpreter to the Governour. + +[424] witnes, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[425] than, Bancroft. + +[426] ag^{st}, McDonald. + +[427] courte, McDonald, Bancroft. +[428] misdemeanor, McDonald; misdemean^r, Bancroft. + +[429] Capt., McDonald. + +This sentence being read to Spelman he, as one that had in him more of +the Savage then of the Christian, muttered certaine wordes to himselfe +neither shewing any remorse for his offences, nor yet any thankfulness +to the Assembly for theire sofavourable censure, w^{ch} he at one time +or another (God's grace not wholly abandoning him) might w^{th} some one +service have been able to have redeemed.[O] + +[O] This paragraph appears only in the McDonald copy, and in that it has +two rows of lines at right angles to each other and diagonally across +it, as if to indicate that this portion of the record was considered as +being improperly made or, perhaps, was not official. + +This day also did the Inhabitants of Paspaheigh, alias Argall's towne, +present a petition to the general assembly to give them an absolute +dischardge from certaine bondes wherin they stand bound to Captain +Samuell Argall for the paym^t of 600^G,[430] and to Captain William +Powell, at Captaine Argall's appointment, for the paym^t of 50^G[431] +more. To Captaine Argall for 15 skore acres of wooddy ground, called by +the name of Argal's[432] towne or Paspaheigh; to Captaine Powell in +respect of his paines in clearing the grounde and building the houses, +for w^{ch} Captaine[433] Argal ought to have given him satisfaction. +Nowe,[434] the general assembly being doubtful whether they have any +power and authority to dischardge the said bondes, doe by these +presents[435] (at the Instance of the said Inhabitants[436] of +Paspaheighs, alias Martin's hundred people) become most humble sutours +to the Tresurer, Counsell and Company in England that they wilbe[437] +pleased to gett the said bondes for 600^G[438] to be cancelled; +forasmuche as in their great comission they have expressly and by name +appointed that place of Paspaheigh for parte of the Governo^r's[439] +lande. And wheras Captain[440] William Powell is payde[441] his 50^G +w^{ch} Captaine[442] Argall enjoined the saide Inhabitantes to presente +him with, as parte[443] of the bargaine, the general assembly, at their +intreaty, do become sutours on their behalfe, that Captaine Argall, by +the Counsell & Company in England, may be compelled either to restore +the said 50^G[444] from thence, or else that restitution therof be made +here out of the goods of the said Captaine Argall. + +[430] 600^{Li}, McDonald; £60, Bancroft. + +[431] 50^{li}, McDonald; £50, Bancroft. + +[432] Argall's, McDonald. +[433] Capt., Bancroft. + +[434] now, McDonald. + +[435] presentes, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[436] Inhabit^{ts}, Bancroft. + +[437] will be, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[438] 600^{li}, McDonald; £60, Bancroft. + +[439] Governours, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[440] Captaine, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[441] paide, Bancroft. + +[442] Capt., Bancroft. + +[443] part, Bancroft. + +[444] 50^{li}, McDonald; £50, Bancroft. + +The last acte of the Generall Assembly was a contribution to gratifie +their officers, as followeth:[P] + +[P] This paragraph is in the McDonald and Bancroft copies but not in De +Jarnette's. + +AUG. 4^{th}, 1619. + +It is fully agreed at this generall[445] Assembly that in regarde of the +great[446] paines and labour of the[447] Speaker of this Assembly (who +not onely[448] first formed the same Assembly and to their great ease & +expedition reduced all matters to be treatted of into a ready method, +but also his indisposition notw^{th}standing wrote or dictated all +orders and other expedients and is yet[449] to write severall bookes for +all the Generall[450] Incorporations and plantations both of the great +charter, and of all the lawes) and likewise in respecte of the +dilligence of the Clerke and sergeant, officers thereto belonging. That +every man and manservant of above 16 yeares of age shall pay into the +handes and Custody of the Burgesses of every Incorporation and +plantation one pound of the best Tobacco, to be distributed to the +Speaker and likewise to the Clerke and sargeant of the Assembly, +according to their degrees and rankes, the whole bulke whereof to be +delivered into the Speaker's handes, to be divided accordingly. And in +regarde[451] the Provost Marshall of James citty hath also given some +attendance upon the said Generall Assembly, he is also to have a share +out of the same. And this is to begin to be gathered the 24^{th} of +February nexte. + +[445] general, McDonald. + +[446] greate, Bancroft. + +[447] this, McDonald. + +[448] only, McDonald. + +[449] yett, Bancroft. + +[450] severall, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[451] regard to, McDonald; regard, Bancroft. + +In conclusion, the whole Assembly comaunded[452] the Speaker (as nowe he +doth) to present their humble excuse to the Treasurer[453] Counsell & +Company in England for being constrained by the intemperature of the +weather and the falling sick of diverse of the Burgesses to breake up so +abruptly--before they had so much as putt their lawes to the ingrossing. +This they wholly comited to[454] the fidelity of their speaker, who +therin[455] (his conscience telles him) hath done the parte[456] of an +honest man, otherwise he would be easily founde[457] out by the +Burgesses themselves, who w^{th} all expedition are to have so many +bookes of the same lawes as there be both Incorporations and Plantations +in the Colony. + +[452] comanded, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[453] Tresurer, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[454] in, Bancroft. + +[455] therein, McDonald. + +[456] part, McDonald. + +[457] woulde easily be found, McDonald; would easily be founde, +Bancroft. + +In the seconde place, the Assembly doth most humbly crave pardon that in +so shorte[458] a space they could bring their matter to no[459] more +perfection, being for the present enforced to sende home titles rather +then lawes, Propositions rather then resolutions, Attemptes then +Acchievements, hoping their courtesy will accepte our poore indevour, +and their wisedome wilbe[460] ready to supporte the weaknes of this +little flocke. + +[458] short, McDonald. + +[459] no, omitted by McDonald. + +[460] will be, McDonald, Bancroft. + +Thirdly, the General Assembly doth humbly beseech[461] the said +Treasurer,[462] Counsell & Company, that albeit it belongeth to them +onely to allowe or to abrogate any lawes w^{ch} we shall here make,[463] +and that it is their right so to doe,[464] yet that it would please them +not to take it in ill parte if these lawes w^{ch} we have nowe brought +to light, do passe currant[465] & be of force till suche time as we[466] +may knowe their farther pleasure out of Englande: for otherwise this +people (who nowe at length have gotte[467] the raines[468] of former +servitude into their owne swindge) would in shorte time growe so +insolent, as they would shake off all government, and there would be no +living among them. + +[461] beseeche, McDonald. + +[462] Tresurer, McDonald. + +[463] inacte, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[464] righte soe to do, McDonald; right so to doe, Bancroft. + +[465] current, Bancroft. + +[466] wee, McDonald. + +[467] gott, McDonald; got, Bancroft. + +[468] reines, McDonald; raines, Bancroft. + +Their last humble suite is,[469] that the said Counsell & Company would +be pleased, so soon as they shall finde[470] it convenient, to make +good their promise sett downe[471] at the conclusion of their comission +for establishing the Counsel[472] of Estate & the General[473] Assembly, +namely, that they will give us power to allowe or disallowe of their +orders of Courte, as his Ma^{ty}[474] hath given them power to allowe or +to reject[475] our lawes. + +[469] suit, McDonald. + +[470] find, McDonald. + +[471] down, McDonald. + +[472] Counsell, McDonald, Bancroft. + +[473] Generall, McDonald. + +[474] Majesty, McDonald; Ma^{ty}, Bancroft. + +[475] rejecte, McDonald, Bancroft. + +In sume Sir George Yeardley, the Governo^r[476] prorogued the said +General[477] Assembly till the firste of Marche, which is to fall out +this present yeare of 1619, and in the mean season dissolved the same. + +[476] Gover^{nr}, McDonald; Governour, Bancroft. + +[477] Generall, McDonald. + +_FINIS._ + +I certify that the foregoing is a true and +authentic copy taken from the volume +above named. + +JOHN McDONAGH, +Record Agent. +July 14th, 1871. + +The McDonald copy has the following after Finis: + +(in Dorso.) +1619. +The proceedings of the first Assembly of Virginia. July 1619. +True Copy, +AUGUSTUS AUSTEN BURT. + + + + +LISTS + +OF THE + +LIVINGE & THE DEAD IN VIRGINIA + + +February 16, 1623. + + + + +_EDITORS' NOTE._ + + +The paper from which this document is printed is to be found in the +first volume of the McDonald papers. It is such a census of the +inhabitants of the colony as the historical student would like to see +made out at several other periods of our colonial history. We can find +no legal enactment requiring such a census to be taken, and no order to +that effect, save in the Instructions to Governor Wyatt, dated 24th +July, 1621, where, among other things, he is directed "To make a +catalogue of the people in every plantation, and their conditions; and +of deaths, marriages and christenings."--Hening, Vol. I., p. 115. + +The entries are as brief as possible, no middle names are given, and +foreigners are entered according to nationality, or not more than one +name allowed them. Not the least curious is the small number of negroes. +Rolfe states, "About the last of August (1619) came in a Dutch man of +warre that sold us twenty Negors" (Smith, p. 126), and nearly five years +after, when this census was taken, there were but twenty-two in the +Colony. + + + + +STATE PAPER OFFICE. } +COLONIAL. } +_Volume 3, No. 2._ } + +LISTS OF THE LIVINGE & DEAD IN VIRGINIA + +Feb. 16th, 1623. + + +A LIST OF THE LIVINGE. + +_At the Colledg Land._[Q] + + Thomas Marlett, + Christopher Branch, + Francis Boot, + William Browning, + Walter Cooper, + William Welder, + Leonard More, + Daniell Shurley, + Peeter Jorden, + Nicholas Perse, + William Dalbie, + Isaias Rawton, + Theoder Moises, + Robert Champer, + Thomas Jones, + David Williams, + William Walker, + Edward Hobson, + Thomas Hobson, + John Day, + William Cooksey, + Robert Farnell, + Nicholas Chapman, + Mathew Edlow, + William Price, + Gabriell Holland, + John Wattson, + Ebedmeleck Gastrell, + Thomas Osborne. 29 + +[Q] _The Colledge Land._--In "1619 Sir Edwin Sandys moved and obtained +that ten thousand acres of land should be laid off for the University at +Henrico, a place formerly resolved on for that purpose. This was +intended as well for the colledge for the education of the Indians as +also to lay the foundation of a seminary of learning for the +English."--Stith, London ed., p. 163. + +"On the northerly side of James river, from the falls down to Henrico, +containing ten miles in length, are the public lands reserved and laid +out, whereof ten thousand are for the University lands, three thousand +are for the company's lands, with other lands belonging to the +College."--MS. in the McDonald paper, entitled "Particulars of Land in +Virginia," which was made out in 1625 or '6, the communication of the +Governor in which he informs their lordships that he sends it, being +dated May 17, 1626. McDonald papers, Vol. I., pp. 295-307. + +At the first meeting of the Burgesses (1619) the College had no +representative, but at the meeting held Oct. 16, 1629, the Burgesses +"For the plantations at the Colledge were Leftn't Thomas Osborne and +Mathew Edlowe," whose names are in the text. See Hening, Vol. I., p. +138. + + +_Att the Neak of Land._[R] + + Luke Boys, + Mrs. Boys, + Robert Halam, + Joseph Royall, + John Dods, + Mrs. Dods, + Elizabeth Perkinson, + William Vincent, + Mrs. Vincent, + Allexander Bradwaye, + his wife Bradwaye, + John Price, + his wife Price, + Robert Turner, + Nathaniell Reeve, + Serjeant William Sharp, + Mrs. Sharp, + Richard Rawse, + Thomas Sheppy, + William Clemens, + Ann Woodley, + Thomas Harris, + his wife Harris, + Margaret Berman, + Thomas Farmer, + Hugh Hilton, + Richard Taylor, + _uxor_ Taylor, + Joshua Chard, + Christopher Browne, + Thomas Oage, + _uxor_ Oage, + infant Oage, + Henry Coltman, + Hugh Price, + _uxor_ Price, + infant Price, + Mrs. Coltman, + Robert Greene, + _uxor_ Greene, + infant Greene. + +[R] _Neak of Land._--"There is another division of the country into +necks of land, which are the boundaries of the Escheators, viz: the +Northern Neck, between the Patowmeck and Rappahannock rivers. + +"The neck between Rappahannock and York rivers, within which Pamunkey +Neck is included. + +"The neck between York and James rivers," &c., &c.--Beverly, Book IV., +chap. ii. + +This list being made up at James city this neck might be the one nearest +to that place, and therefore the last one named by Beverly would be the +one referred to; but inasmuch as in this MS. list it follows immediately +after the College land, and in the list of Burgesses for 1629, occupies +the same position, it is not improbable that it refers to the peninsula +opposite Henrico, known on all the maps of the State as Farrar's island, +and which has been made an island in reality by the completion of the +canal begun by the United States army during the late civil war and +afterwards finished by the engineer department of the same, under the +direction of Col. W.P. Craighill. Hening reports Serit Sharpe a Burgess +for this place in 1629, and Serjeant William Sharp is named in the text +as living there in 1626. + + +_Att West & Sherlow Hundred._[S] + + John Harris, + Dorothe Harris, + Infants { Harris, + { Harris, + Thomas Floyd, + Ellias Longe, + William Nichollas, + Roger Ratcliffe, 78 + Robert Milver, + Robert Parttin, + Margaret Parttin, + infantes { Parttin, + { Parttin, + Henry Benson, + Nicholas Blackman, + Nathanell Tattam, + Mathew Gloster, + Symon Surgis, + Nicholas Baley, + Ann Bayley, + Eliner Phillips, + Thomas Paulett, + Thomas Baugh, + Thomas Packer, + Jonas Bayley, + John Trussell, + Christopher Beane, + John Cartter, + Henry Bagwell, + Thomas Bagwell, + Edward Gardiner, + Richard Biggs, + Richard Biggs, + William Biggs, } + Thomas Biggs, } Sons + Richard Biggs, } + William Askew, + Henry Carman, + Andrew Dudley, + James Gay, + Anthony Burrows, + Rebecca Rosse, + sons { Rosse, + { Rosse, + Petters, a maid. + +[S] _West & Sherlow Hundred._--Sir Thomas Dale annexed to New Bermuda +"many miles of champion and wood land ground in several hundreds, by the +names of Nether Hundred, Shirley Hundred," &c.--Stith, p. 124-'5; Smith, +General Historie, 1627, p. 111. Hening names Burgesses (1629) from +Shirley Hundred island and Shirley Hundred maine, and among the latter +is the name of John Harris, which appears in the text.--Heming Vol. I., +p. 138. + +The name of Shirley appears on the Fry and Jefferson map only at the +place where the same is now located, opposite Bermuda Hundred, and well +known as the residence of Hill Carter, Esq. A short distance below is an +island not named on that map, but on modern maps as Eppes island, which +we may presume was Shirley island. We do not find the name of West in +the connection except in a paper entitled John Rolfe's relation to the +State of Virginia, written in 1616, in which we learn that West and +Shirley Hundred was about thirty-seven miles above James citie, which +corresponds with the location above named. See Virginia Historical +Register, Vol. I., p. 110. + + +_Att Jordan's Jorney._[T] + + Siselye Jordan, + Temperance Bayliffe, + Mary Jordan, + Margery Jordan, + William Farrar, + Thomas Williams, + Roger Preston, + Thomas Brookes, + John Peede, + John Freme, + Richard Johnson, + William Dawson, + John Hely, + Robert Mannell, + Ann Linkon, + William Besse, + Mrs. Besse, + Christopher Saford, + _uxor_ Saford, + John Caminge, + Thomas Palmer, + Mrs. Palmer, + _fil_ Palmer, + Richard English, + Nathaniel Causey, + Mrs. Causey, + Lawrence Evans, + Edward Clarke, + _uxor_ Clarke, + infant Clarke, + John Gibbs, + John Davies, 147 + William Emerson, + Henry Williams, + _uxor_ Williams, + Henry Fisher, + _uxor_ Fisher, + infant Fisher, + Thomas Chapman, + _uxor_ Chapman, + infant Chapman, + Edith Hollis, + +[T] _Jordan's Jorney._--Hening reports William Popkton as Burgess for +this place. I do not find it on Fry and Jefferson's map, but Jordan's +Point is there, and this is situated a short distance below City Point +and is well known by the same name at the present time. + + +_Att Flourdieu Hundred._ + + Richard Gregory, + Edward Alborn, + Thomas Dellimager, + Thomas Hack, + Anthony Jones, + Robert Guy, + William Strachey, + John Browne, + Annis Boult, + William Baker, + Theoder Beriston, + Walter Blake, + Thomas Watts, + Thomas Doughty, + George Deverell, + Richard Spurling, + John Woodson, + William Straimge, + Thomas Dune, + John Landman, + Leonard Yeats, + George Levet, + Thomas Harvay, + Thomas Filenst, + Robert Smith, + Thomas Garmder, + Thomas Gaskon, + John Olives, + Christopher Pugett, + Robert Peake, + Edward Tramorden, + Henry Linge, + Gibert Pepper, + Thomas Mimes, + John Linge, + John Gale, + Thomas Barnett, + Roger Thompson, + Ann Thompson, + Ann Doughty, + Sara Woodson, + Negors, + Negors, + 6 Negors, + Negors, + Negors, + Negors, + Grivell, Pooley, Minister, + Samuel Sharp, + John Upton, + John Wilson, + Henry Rowinge, + Nathaniell Thomas, + William Barrett, + Robert Okley, + Richard Bradshaw, + Thomas Sawell, + John Bramford, + Anthony, } + William, } + John, } Negors men. + Anthony, } + A Negors Woman. 224 + + +_The rest at West and Sherlow Hundred Island._[U] + + Cap^t Fackt Maddeson, + Mary Maddeson, + Thomas Wattson, + James Wattson, + Francis West, + Roger Lewis, + Richard Domelow, + William Hatfeild, + Thomas Fossett, + Ann Fossett, + Jenkin Osborne, + William Sismore, + Martha Sismore, + Stephen Braby, + Elizabeth Braby, + Edward Temple, + Daniel Vergo, + William Tathill, boy, + Thomas Haile, boy, + Richard Morewood, + Edward Sparshott, + Barnard Jackson, + William Brocke, + James Mayro. + +[U] _West and Sherlow Hundred Island._--The distinction here made seems +to confirm the suggestion contained in note to West and Sherlow Hundred. + + +_At Chaplain's Choise._[V] + + Isacke Chaplaine, + Mrs. Chaplaine, + John Chaplaine, + Walter Priest, + William Weston, + John Duffy, + Ann Michaell, + Thomas Phillipps, + Henry Thorne, + Robert Hudson, + Isacke Baugton, + Nicholas Sutton, + William Whitt, + Edward Butler, + Henry Turner, + Thomas Leg, + John Browne, + John Trachern, + Henry Willson, + Thomas Baldwin, + Allexander Sanderson, + David Ellis, + Sara More, + Ann, a maid. + +[V] _Chaplain's Choise._--This place and Jordan's Journey were +represented in 1629, by Walter Price, according to Hening, and with only +a fair allowance for the orthographical inaccuracies of the time and of +different copyists, it is not impossible that the Walter Priest of the +text is the same person. We can find no clue to its location, but it is +reasonable to suppose it was near Jordan's Point. + + +_Att James citie and within the Corporation thereof._[W] + + Sir Francis Wyatt, Gov^r + Margarett, Lady Wyatt, + Hant Wyatt, minister, + Kathren Spencer, + Thomas Hooker, + John Gather, + John Matcheman, + Edward Cooke, + George Nelson, + George Hall, + Lane Burtt, + Elizabeth Powell, + Mary Woodward, + Sir George Yeardley, knight, + Temperance Lady Yeardley, + Argall Yeardley, 284 + Frances Yeardley, + Elizabeth Yeardley, + Kilibett Hitchcocke, + Austen Combes, + John Foster, + Richard Arrundell, + Susan Hall, + Ann Grimes, + Elizabeth Lyon, + ---- Younge, + negro } + negro } women, + Alice Davison, _vidua_, + Edward Sharples, + Jone Davies, + George Sands, Treas^r, + Capt. William Perce, + Joan Perce, + Robert Hedges, + Hugh Win, + Thomas Moulston, + Henry Farmer, + John Lightfoote, + Thomas Smith, + Roger Ruese, + Allexander Gill, + John Cartwright, + Robert Austine, + Edward Bricke, + William Ravenett, + Jocomb Andrews, + _uxor_ Andrews, + Richard Alder, + Ester Evere, + Angelo, a negar, + Doctor John Pott, + Elizabeth Pott, + Richard Townsend, + Thomas Leister, + John Kullaway, + Randall Howlett, + Jane Dickinson, + Fortune Taylor, + Capt. Roger Smith, + Mrs. Smith, + Elizabeth Salter, + Sara Macocke, + Elizabeth Rolfe, + Christopher Lawson, + _uxor_ En. Lawson, + Francis Fouler, + Charles Waller, + Henry Booth, + Capt. Raph Hamor, + Mrs. Hamor, + Joreme Clement, + Elizabeth Clement, + Sara Langley, + Sisely Greene, + Ann Addams, + Elkinton Ratclife, + Francis Gibson, + James Yemanson, + John Pountes, + Christopher Best, + Thomas Clarke, + Mr. Reignolds, + Mr. Hickmore, + _uxor_ Hickmore, + Sara Ruddell, + Edward Blaney, + Edward Hudson, + _uxor_ Hudson, + William Hartley, + John Shelley, + Robert Bew, + William Ward, + Thomas Mentis, + Robert Whitmore, + Robert Channtree, + Robert Sheppard, + William Sawyer, + Lanslott Dansport, + Mathew Loyd, + Thomas Ottway, + Thomas Crouth, + Elizabeth Starkey, + Elinor, + Mrs. Perry, + infant Perry, + Frances Chapman, + George Graues, 376 + _uxor_ Graues, + Rebecca Snowe, + Sara Snowe, + John Isgrane, + Mary Astombe, _vidua_, + Benamy Bucke, + Gercyon Bucke, + Peleg Bucke, + Mara Bucke, + Abram Porter, + Brigett Clarke, + Abigall Ascombe, + John Jackson, + _uxor_ Jackson, + Ephraim Jackson, + Mr. John Burrows, + Mrs. Burrows, + Anthony Burrows, + John Cooke, + Nicholas Gouldsmith, + Elias Gaile, + Andrew Howell, + Ann Ashley, + John Southern, + Thomas Pasmore, + Andrew Ralye, + Nathaniel Jefferys, + _uxor_ Jefferys, + Thomas Hebbs, + Clement Dilke, + Mrs. Dilke, + John Hinton, + Richard Stephens, + Wassell Rayner, + _uxor_ Rayner, + John Jackson, + Edward Price, + Osten Smith, + Thomas Spilman, + Bryan Cawt, + George Minisy, + Moyes Ston, + Capt. Holmes, + Mr. Calcker, + Mrs. Calcker, + infant Calcker, + Peceable Sherwood, + Anthony West, + Henry Barker, + Henry Scott, + Margery Dawse, + Mr. Cann (or Cam) + Capt. Hartt, + Edward Spalding, + _uxor_ Spalding, + _puer_ Spalding, + _puella_ Spalding, + John Helin, + _uxor_ Helin, + _puer_ Helin, + infant Helin, + Thomas Graye, + _uxor_ Graye, + Jone Graye, + William Graye, + Richard Younge, + _uxor_ Younge, + Jone Younge, + Rendall Smallwood, + John Greene, + William Mudge, + Mrs. Sothey, + Ann Sothey, + Elin Painter, + Goodman Webb. + +[W] _James Citie._--This birthplace of our State, eighty miles below +Richmond, is now the property of a gentleman of New York city, who has +the ground cultivated. During the war the soil was thrown up into +fortifications, and pieces of armor, sword hilts, calthorps, gold, +silver and copper coins were found. All that remains of the city is a +portion of the brick tower which belonged to the church, and which +attracts the attention of travellers on the river with an interest +similar to that of Mount Vernon on the Potomac. Though visited by very +few persons, yet the relic-hunters have removed all of the tombstones, +and have attacked what remains of the church tower. + + +_In the Maine._ + + Richard Atkins, + _uxor_ Atkins, + William Baker, + Edward Oliver, + Samuell Morris, + Robert Davis, + Robert Lunthorne, + John Vernie, + Thomas Wood, + Thomas Rees, 461 + Michael Batt, + _uxor_ Batt, + _vidua_ Tindall, + Mr. Stafferton, + _uxor_ Stafferton, + John Fisher, + John Rose, + Thomas Thornegood, + John Badston, + Susan Blackwood, + Thomas Rin_s_ton (or f), + Robert Scottismore, + Roger Kid, + Nicholas Bullington, + Nicholas Marttin, + John Carter, + Christopher Hall, + David Ellis, + _uxor_ Ellis, + John Frogmorton, + Robert Marshall, + Thomas Snow (orig. Swnow), + John Smith, + Lawrance Smalpage, + Thomas Crosse, + Thomas Prichard, + Richard Crouch, + Christopher Redhead, + Henry Booth, + Richard Carven, + _uxor_ Carven, + John Howell, + William Burtt, + William Stocker, + Nicholas Roote, + Sara Kiddall, + infants { Kiddall, + { Kiddall, + Edward Fisher, + Richard Smith, + John Wolrich, + Mrs. Wolrich, + Johathin Giles, + Christopher Ripen, + Thomas Banks, + Frances Butcher, + Henry Daivlen, + Arthur Chandler, + Richard Sanders, + Thomas Helcott, + Thomas Hichcocke, + Griffine Greene, + Thomas Osbourn, + Richard Downes, + William Laurell, + Thomas Jordan, + Edward Busbee, + Henry Turner, + Joshua Crew, + Robert Hutchinson, + Thomas Jones, + _uxor_ Jones, + Reignold Morecocke, + _uxor_ Morecocke, + Richard Bridgewatter, + _uxor_ Bridgewatter, + Mr. Thomas Bun, + Mrs. Bun, + Thomas Smith, + Elizabeth Hodges, + William Kemp, + _uxor_ Kemp, + Hugh Baldwine, + _uxor_ Baldwine, + John Wilmose, + Thomas Doe, + _uxor_ Doe, + George Fryer, + _uxor_ Fryer, + Stephen Webb. + + +_In James Island._ + + John Osbourn, + _uxor_ Osbourn, + George Pope, + Robert Cunstable, + William Jones, + _uxor_ Jones, 547 + John Johnson, + _uxor_ Johnson, + infants { Johnson, + { Johnson, + John Hall, + uxor Hall, + William Cooksey, + _uxor_ Cooksey, + infant Cooksey, + Alice Kean, + Robert Fitts, + _uxor_ Fitts, + John Reddish, + John Grevett, + _uxor_ Grevett, + John West, + Thomas West, + Henry Glover, + Goodman Stocks, + _uxor_ Stocks, + infant Stocks, + Mr. Adams, + Mr. Leet, + William Spence, + _uxor_ Spence, + infant Spence, + James Tooke, + James Roberts, + Anthony Harlow, + Sara Spence, + George Shurke, + John Booth & Robt. Bennett. + + +_The Neck of Land._ + + Mr. Kingsmeale, + _uxor_ Kingsmeale, + infants { Kingsmeale, + { Kingsmeale, + Raph Griphin, + Frances Compton, + John Smith, + John Filmer, + Edward, a negro, + Thomas Sulley, + _uxor_ Sulley, + Thomas Harwood, + George Fedam, + Peter Staber, + Thomas Popkin, + Thomas Sides, + Richard Perse, + _uxor_ Perse, + Allen, his man, + Isabell Pratt, + Thomas Allnutt, + _uxor_ Allnutt, + John Paine, + Roger Redes, + Elinor Sprad. + +_Over the River._ + + John Smith, + _uxor_ Smith, + infant Smith, + John Pergo, + Richard Fenn, + William Richardson, + Robert Lindsey, + Richard Dolfemb, + John Bottam, + John Elliott, + Susan Barber, + Thomas Gates, + _uxor_ Gates, + Percevall Wood, + Anthony Burrin, + William Bedford, + William Sands, + John Proctor, + Mrs. Proctor, + Phettiplace Close, + Henry Home, + Richard Home, 627 + Thomas Flower, + William Bullocke, + Ellias Hinton, + John Foxen, + Edward Smith, + John Skimer, + Martine De Moone, + William Naile, + Thomas Fitts, + Elizabeth Abbitt, + Alice Fitts. + + +_At the Plantation over against James Cittie._[X] + + Capt. Samuel Mathews, + Benjamin Owin, + Rice Ax^r Williams, + John, a negro, + Walter Parnell, + William Parnell, + Margaret Roades, + John West, + Francis West, _vidua_, + Thomas Dayhurst, + Robert Mathews, + Arthur Gouldsmith, + Robert Williams, + Morice Loyd, + Aron Conway, + William Sutton, + Richard Greene, + Mathew Haman, + Samuell Davies, + John Thomas, + John Docker, + Abram Wood, + Michaell Lupworth, + John Davies, + Lewis Baly, + James Daries, + Alice Holmes, + Henry Barlow, + Thomas Button, + Edmond Whitt, + Zacharia Crispe, + John Burland, + Thomas Hawkins, + Thomas Phillips, + Paul Reinolds, + Nicholas Smith, + Elizabeth Williams, + Hugh Cruder, + Edward Hudson, + Robert Sheppard, + Thomas Ottawell, + Thomas Crouth, + Robert Bew, + John Russell, + Robert Chantry, + George Rodgers, + Lanslott Damport, + John Shule, + Nathaniell Loyd, + William Sawyer, + William Ward, + William Hartley, + Jereme Whitt, + Livetenant Purfrey, + Edward Grindall, + Mr. Swift, + William Hames, + George Gurr, + Henry Wood, + John Baldwine, + John Needome, + William Bricks, + Nicholas Thompson, + John Dency, + Erasmus Cartter, + John Edwards, 704 + George Bayley, + George Sparke, + Nicholas Comin, + Nicholas Arras, + Marttin Turner, + John Stone, infant, + Davy Mansfield, + John Denmarke, + Elizabeth Rutten, + Goodwife Bincks, + A servant of Mr. Moorewood's. + +[X] _At the Plantation over against James Citie._--Hening reports as +Burgesses (after James Citty) for the other side of the water, Capt. +John West, Capt ffelgate; as John West's name appears in the text under +this head, we presume the places are identical and refer to probably +some place on the opposite side of the James river not more definitely +designated. + + +_The Glase Howse._[Y] + + Vincentio, + Bernardo, + Ould Sheppard, his sonn, + Richard Tarborer. + Mrs. Bernardo. + +[Y] _The Glass House._--We find frequent references to but no notice of +the erection of this building. Smith, in his account of the attempt to +murder him by the Dutchmen in 1608, says, "They sent Francis, their +companion, disguised like a Salvage, to the Glasse-house, a place in the +woods neare a myle from Iames Toune," &c., Smith attempted to apprehend +him, but he escaped, and after he had sent "20 shot after him; himself +returning from the Glasse House alone," when he encountered the king of +the Paspa heigh whom he defeated and "led him prisoner to Iames Toune +and put him in chaynes." Smith (1627) pp. 83, 84. + +Stith says after the return of Newport from his expedition of discovery +up James river "No sooner were they landed but the President (Smith) +dispersed as many as were able, some to make Glass and others for +Pitch," &c.; and in 1609, "And now the Colony pursued their business +with alacrity and success. They made three or four lasts of Tar, Pitch, +and Soap ashes and produced a trial of glass," &c., &c. And in 1621, +speaking of the subscriptions opened in England, he says, "The third +roll was for a glass furnace to make beads, which was the current coin +in the Indian trade; and one Captaine Norton, with some Italian workmen, +was sent over for that purpose." See also Stith, pp. 95, 97, 197, 198. +As the names of Vincentio and Benardo appear in the text, we may infer +that some of the Italian workmen survived the massacre of 1622. + + +_At Archur's Hoop._[Z] + + Lieutenant Harris, + Rowland Lottis, + _uxor_ Lottis, + John Elison, + _uxor_ Elison, + George Sanders, + Thomas Corder, + Joseph Johnson, + George Pran, + John Bottom, + Thomas Farley, + _uxor_ Farley, + a child, + Nicholas Shotton. + +[Z] _Archur's Hoop._--Archer's Hope creek on Fry and Jefferson's map +empties into James river but a short distance below Jamestown, and in +the Particulars of Land in Virginia, referred to in note on page 37, +Archer's Hope is named. + + +_At Hogg Island._[AA] + + David Sanders, minister, + John Utie, + Mrs. Utie, + John Utie, infant, 738 + William Tyler, + Elizabeth Tyler, + Richard Whitby, + William Ramshaw, + Rice Watkins, + Thomas Foskew, lost, + Hener Elsword, + Thomas Causey, + George Union, + Henry Woodward, + Roger Webster, + John Donston, + Joseph Johnson, + Richard Crocker, child, + William Hitchcocke, lost, + George Prowse, + Robert Parramore, + John Jarvice, als. Glover, + John Browne, + William Burcher, + John Burcher, + John Fulwood, + Thomas Bransby, + Thomas Colly, + Thomas Simpson, + Thomas Powell, + Nicholas Longe, + +[AA] _Hogg Island._--This is set down on Smith's and all succeeding +maps. It is six or eight miles below Jamestown island, and its name +being unchanged, is very well known at the present time. In the text +John Utie is named as one of the inhabitants, and his name appears in +Hening as one of the Burgesses in 1629 from "the plantations between +Archer's Hope and Martins Hundred," which corresponds with its location. + + +_At Martin's Hundred._[BB] + + William Harwood, + Samuell March, + Hugh Hues, + John Jackson, + Thomas Ward, + John Stevans, + Humphrey Walden, + Thomas Doughtie, + John Hasley, + Samwell Weaver, + _vidua_ Jackson, + _filia_ Jackson, + Mrs. Taylor, + Ann Windor, + Elizabeth Bygrane, + Mr. Lake, + Mr. Burren, + John Stone, + Samwell Cultey, + John Helline, + _uxor_ Helline, + A Frenchman _et uxor_, + Thomas Siberg. + +[BB] _Martin's Hundred._--Martin's Hundred is located On Fry and +Jefferson's map between Hog island and Mulberry island, and on a small +stream called Skies creek, on the north side of James river. In the +proceedings of the Assembly in 1619 it is referred to as Paspaheigh's, +alias Martin's Hundred, see ante p. 30. In the "Particulars of Land in +Virginia," before mentioned, we read, "Martin's Hundred, containing +80,000 acres, part planted." Captaine Martin was made president by Capt. +John Smith in 1609, but he did not desire the position and resigned. At +the Assembly in 1619, he and the privileges named in his patent, and +certain charges against him of unfair dealing with the Indians occupied +no little attention.--See ante, pp. 12 and 13. For further particulars +in regard to his attempts at imposition on the Company and like charges, +the reader is referred to Stith, pp. 219, 220, 221. + + +_At Warwick Squrake._[CC] + + John Batt, + Henry Prinffe, + Wassell Weblin, + Anthony Read, + Frances Woodson, + Henry Phillips, 794 + Petter Collins, + Christopher Reinolds, + Edward Mabin, + John Maldman, + Thomas Collins, + George Rushmore, + Thomas Spencer, + George Clarke, + Richard Bartlett, + Francis Banks, + John Jenkins, + Thomas Jones, + William Denham, + Peter, } + Anthony, } + Frances, } negroes, + Margrett, } + John Bennett, + Nicholas Skinner, + John Atkins, + John Pollentin, + Rachell Pollentin, + Margrett Pollentin, + Mary, a maid, + Henry Woodward, + Thomas Sawyer, + Thomas, a Boye. + +[CC] _Warwick Squrake._--It is difficult to decide upon either the +spelling or the pronunciation of this word. On Smith's map it is located +on the south side of James river, and about fifteen or twenty miles +below Jamestown, and is spelt Waraskorack, and on page 59 he spells it +Waraskoyack; Fry and Jefferson locate it on Burwell's bay, and call it +Warnicqueack. Stith calls it Warrasqueake, and gives an interesting +account of "the King of that town," and his hospitable treatment of +Capt. Smith on the night of the 29th of December, 1608: p. 85. In the +"Particulars of Land," McDonald MS. above referred to, it is spelt as +shown in the following extract: "Warosquoiacke Plantation conteyning +downewardes from Hogg island, 14 miles by the ryver side," &c., &c., p. +313. + +Hening has it Warrosquoiack, Vol. I., p. 149. In 1634 "the country +divided into eight shires," and this being one of them. Hening there +spells it Warrosquyoake. Vol. I., p. 224. + +_At the Indian Thickett._ + + Henry Woodall, + Gregory Dory, + John Foster, + John Greene, + John Ward, + Christopher Wendmile, + Richard Rapier, + Cutbert Pierson, + Adam Rumell, + Richard Robinson, + James, a French man. + + +_At Elizabeth Cittye._[DD] + + Capt. Isacke Whittakers, + Mary Whittakers, + Charles Atkinson, + Charles Calthrop, + John Lankfeild, + Bridges Freeman, + Nicholas Wesell, + Edward Loyd, + Thomas North, + Anthony Middleton, + Richard Popely, + Thomas Harding, + William Joye, + Raph Osborne, + Edward Barnes, + Thomas Thorugood, + Ann Atkinson, + ---- Lankfeild, + ---- Medclalfe, + George Nuce, 852 + Elizabeth Whittakers, + George Roads, + Edward Jo_s_nson (sic.), + (qy. Johnson,) + William Fouller, + Reinold Goodwyn, + James Larmount, + John Jackson, + _vidua_ Johnson, + _vidua_ Fowler, + Two Frenchmen, + George Medcalfe, + Walter Ely, + Thomas Lane, + Barthelmew Hopkins, + John Jefferson, + Robert Thresher, + John Rowes, + Mr. Yates, + Robert Goodman, + _uxor_ Ely, + infant Ely, + Capt. Rawleigh Crashaw, + Robert Wright, + James Sleight, + John Welchman, + John More, + Henry Potter, + Mr. Roswell, + Mr. Roswell, + William Gawntlett, + Osborne Smith, + _uxor_ More, + _uxor_ Wright, + _uxor_ Wright, + _filia_ Wright, + Thomas Dowse, + Samwell Bennett, + William Browne, + William Allen, + Lewis Welchman, + Robert More, + Mrs. Dowse, + _uxor_ Bennett, + _pueri_ { Bennett, + { Bennett, + +[DD] _Elizabeth Citty._--The settlement which was the foundation of the +county still known by the same name. It includes the peninsula formed by +the Chesapeake bay and James river. At the meeting of the Burgesses in +1629 it was represented as two districts or burroughs, viz; the upper +parte and the lower parte, each having three delegates, and the text +shows that of these Thomas Willobouy of the upper and Adam Thoroughgood +of the lower part were living there in 1626. + + +_At Bricke Row._[EE] + + Thomas Flint, + John Hampton, + Richard Peirsby, + William Rookins, + Rowland Williams, + Steven Dixon, + Thomas Risby, + Henry Wheeler, + James Brooks, + Samuel Bennett, + John Carning, + Thomas Neares, + Robert Salvadge, + William Barry, + Joseph Hatfield, + Edward Marshall, + Ambrose Griffith, + Petter Arrundell, + Anthony Bonall, } + ---- La Geurd, } Frenchmen, + James Bonall, a Frenchm., + John Arrundell, + John Haine, + Nicholas Row, + Richard Althrop, + John Loyd + _uxor_ Haine (or Hame), + _uxor_ Hampton, + Elizabeth Arrundell, + Margret Arrundell, 927 + +[EE] _Bricke Row._--We can find no reference to this place unless "The +Row" on the north side of the James a short distance above the mouth of +the Chichahominy, on Fry and Jefferson's map is the place. + +_At Bass's Choice._ + + Capt. Nathaniel Basse, + Samwell Basse, + Benjamin Simmes, + Thomas Sheward, + Benjamin Handcleare, + William Barnard, + John Shelley, + Nathaniell Moper, + Nath. Gammon, + Margrett Giles, + Richard Longe, + _uxor_ Longe, + infant Longe, + Richard Evans. + William Newman, + John Army, + Peter Langden, + Henry, + Andrew Rawley, + Peter. + + +_More at Elizabeth Cittie._ + + Lieutenant Sheppard, + John Powell, + John Wooley, + Cathren Powell, + John Bradston, + Francis Pitts, + Gilbert Whitfield, + Peter Hereford, + Thomas Faulkner, + Esaw de la Ware, + William Cornie, + Thomas Curtise, + Robert Brittaine, + Roger Walker, + Henry Kersly, + Edward Morgaine, + Anthony Ebsworth, + Agnes Ebsworth, + Elinor Harris, + Thomas Addison, + William Longe, + William Smith, + William Pinsen, + Capt. William Tucker, + Capt. Nick Martean, + Leftenant Ed. Barkly, + Daniell Tanner, + John Morris, + George Thomson, + Paule Thomson, + William Thomson, + Pasta Champin, + Stephen Shere, + Jeffery Hall + Rich. Jones, + William Hutchinson, + Richard Apleton, + Thomas Evans, + Weston Browne, + Robert Mounday, + Steven Colloe, + Ralph Adams, + Thomas Phillips, + Francis Barrett, + Mary Tucker, + Jane Brackley, + Elizabeth Higgins, + Mary Mounday, + Chouponke, an Indian, + Anthony, } + Isabella, } negroes. + Lieut. Lupo, + Phillip Lupo, + Bartholmew Wethersby, + Henry Draper, + Joseph Haman, + Elizabeth Lupo, + Albiano Wethersby, + John Laydon, + Ann Laydon, + Virginia Laydon, + Alice Laydon, 1009 + Katherine Laydon, + William Evans, + William Julian, + William Kemp, + Richard Wither, + John Jornall, + Walter Mason, + Sara Julian, + Sara Gouldocke, + John Salter, + William Soale, + Jeremy Dickenson, + Lawrance Peele, + John Evans, + Marke Evans, + George Evans, + John Downeman, + Elizabeth Downeman, + William Baldwin, + John Sibley, + William Clarke, + Rice Griffine, + Joseph Mosley, + Robert Smith, + John Cheesman, + Thomas Cheesman, + Edward Cheesman, + Peter Dickson, + John Baynam, + Robert Sweet, + John Parrett, + William Fouks, + John Clackson, + John Hill, + William Morten, + William Clarke, + Edward Stockdell, + Elizabeth Baynam, + George Davies, + Elizabeth Davies, + Ann Harrison, + John Curtise, + John Walton, + Edward Oston, + Toby Hurt, + Cornelius May, + Elizabeth May, + Henry May, child, + Thomas Willowbey, + Oliver Jenkinson, + John Chandeler, + Nicholas Davies, + Jone Jenkins, + Mary Jenkins, + Henry Gouldwell, + Henry Prichard, + Henry Barber, + Ann Barber, + John Hutton, + Elizabeth Hutton, + Thomas Baldwin, + John Billiard, + Reynold Booth, + Mary, + Elizabeth Booth, child, + Capt. Thomas Davies, + John Davies, + Thomas Huges, + William Kildrige, + Alex^r Mountney, + Edward Bryan, + Percivall Ibotson, + John Penrice, + Robert Locke, + Elizabeth & Ann Ibotson, + Edward Hill, + Thomas Best, + Hanna Hill, + Elizabeth Hill, + Robert Salford, + John Salford, + Phillip Chapman, + Thomas Parter, + Mary Salford, + Francis Chamberlln, + William Hill, + William Harris, + William Worldige, + John Forth, + Thomas Spilman, + Rebecca Chamberlin, + Alice Harris, 1102 + Pharow Phlinton, + Arthur Smith, + Hugh Hall, + Robert Sabin, + John Cooker, + Hugh Dicken, + William Gayne, + Richard Mintren, Jun^r, + Joane Hinton, + Elizabeth Hinton, + Rebecca Coubber, + Richard Mintren, Sen^r, + John Frye, + William Brooks, + Sibile and William Brooks, + Thomas Crispe, + Richard Packe, + Miles Prichett, + Thomas Godby, + Margery Prichett, + Jone Goodby, + Jone Grindry, + John Iniman, + Mary Grindry, + John Grindry, child, + John Waine, + Ann Waine, + Mary Ackland, + George Ackland, + John Harlow, + William Cappe, + Edward Walters, + Paule Harwood, + Nick. Browne, + Adam Througood, + Richard East, + Stephen Read, + Grace Watters, + Will^m Watters. + Will^m Ganey, + Henry Ganey, + John Robinson, + Robert Browne, + Thomas Parrish, + Edmund Spalden, + Roger Farbracke, + Theodor Jones, + William Baldwin, + Luke Aden, + Anna Ganey, + Anna Ganey, _filia_, + Elizabeth Pope, + Rebecca Hatch, + Thomasin Loxmore, + Thomas Garnett, + Elizabeth Garnett, + Susan Garnett, + Frances Michell, + Jonas Stockton, + Timothee Stockton, + William Cooke, + Richard Boulten, + Frances Hill, + John Jackson, + Richard Davies, + Ann Cooke, + Dictras Chrismus, + Thomas Hill, + Arthur Davies, + William Newcome, + Elizabeth Chrismus, + Joan Davies, + Thomas Hethersall, + William Douglas, + Thomas Douthorn, + Elizabeth Douthorn, + Samuel Douthorn, a boy, + Thomas, an Indian, + John Hazard, + Jone Hazard, + Henry, + Frances Mason, + Michaell Wilcocks, + William Querke, + Mary Mason, + Mandlin Wilcocks, + Mr. Keth, minister, + John Bush, + John Cooper, + Jonadab Illett, + John Barnaby, + John Seaward, 1195 + Robest Newman, + William Parker, + Thomas Snapp, + Clement Evans, + Thomas Spilman, + Thomas Parrish. + + +_At the Eastern Shore._ + + Capt. William Epps, + Mrs. Epps, + Peter Epps, + William, + Edmond Cloake, + William Bribby, + Thomas Cornish, + John Fisher, + William Dry, + Henry Wilson, + Peter Porter, + Christopher Cartter, + John Sunnfill (or Sumfill), + Nicholal Graunger, + James Vocat Piper, + Edward, + John, + Thomas, + George, + Charles Farmer, + James Knott, + John Ascomb, + Robert Fennell, + Phillip, + Daniell Cogley, + William Andrews, + Thomas Granes, + John Wilcocks, + Thomas Crampe, + William Coomes, + John Parsons, + John Coomes, + James Chambers, + Robert Ball, + Goodwife Ball, + Thomas Hall, + Ismale Hills, + John Tyers, + Walter Scott, + Goodwife Scott, + Robert Edmonds, + Thomas Hichcocke, + John Evans, + Henry Wattkins, + Peregree Wattkins, + Daniell Watkins, + John Blower, + Gody Blower, + John, + A boy of Mr. Cans, + John How, + John Butterfeild, + William Davies, + Peter Longman, + John Wilkins, + Goodwife Wilkins, + Thomas Powell, + Gody Powell, + Thomas Parke, + William Smith, + Edward Drew, + Nicholas Hoskins, + and his child, + William Williams, + Mrs. Williams, + John Throgmorton, + Bennanine Knight, + Chad Gunston, + Abram Analin, + Thomas Blacklocke, + John Barnett, + Thomas Savadge, + William Beane, + Salamon Greene, + John Wasborne, + William Quills. 1277 + +_The End of the List of the Living._ + + + + +A LIST OF THE NAMES OF THE DEAD IN VIRGINIA +SINCE APRIL LAST. + +FEB^y 16^{th}, 1623. + + +_Colledge._ + + William Lambert, + John Wood, } + William More, } killed, + Thomas Naylor, } + James Howell. } + + +_At the Neck of Land._ + + Moses Conyers, + George Grimes, + William Clements, + Thomas Fernley, killed, + Edward. + + +_At Jordain's Jorney._ + + Roger Much, + Mary Reese, + Robert Winter, + Robert Woods, + Richard Shriese, + Thomas Bull, + John Kinton, + Daniell. + + +_At West & Sherlow Hundred._ + + Samwell Foreman, + Zorobabell, + 2 Indians, + One negar, + Thomas Roberts, + John Edmonds, + John Lasey, + Daniell Francke, + Capt. Nath. West, + Christopher Harding, killed. + + +_At Flower de Hundred._ + + John Mayor, + William Waycome, + Thomas Prise, + Robert Walkin, + John Fetherston, + John Ax. Roberts, + Richard Jones, + Richard Griffin, + Richard Ranke, + William Edger, 39 + John Fry, + Dixi Carpenter, + William Smith, + James Cindnare, + Edward Temple, + Sara Salford, + John Stanton, + Christo. Evans. + + +_At James Cittie._ + + Mr. Sothey, + John Dumpont, + Thomas Browne, + Henry Sothey, + Thomas Sothey, + Mary Sothey, + Elizabeth Sothey, + Thomas Clarke, + Margarett Shrawley, + Richard Walker, + Vallentyne Gentler, + Peter Brishitt, + Humphrey Boyse, + John Watton, + Arthur Edwards, + Thomas Fisher, + William Spence, } + Mrs. Spence, } lost, + George Sharks, + John Bush, + Mr. Collins, + _uxor_ Collins, + Mr. Peyden, + Peter De Maine, + Goodman Ascomb, + Goodman Witts, + William Kerton, + Mr. Atkins, + Thomas Hakes, + Peter Gould, + Robert Ruffe, + Ambrose Fresey, + Henry Fry, + John Dinse, + Thomas Trundall, + Richard Knight, + John Jefferys, + John Hamun, + John Meridien, + John Countivane, + Thomas Guine, + Thomas Somersall, + William Rowsley, + Elizabeth Rowsley, + a maid of theirs, + Robert Bennett, + Thomas Roper, + Mr. Fitziefferys, + Mrs. Smith, + Peter Martin, + James Jakins, + Mr. Crapplace, + John Lullett, + Ann Dixon, + William Hewlett, + Mr. Furlow's child, + Jacob Prophett, + John Reding (or Reeing) + Ritchard Atkins, + his child, + John Bayly, + William Jones, his son and, + John, Mr. Pearis' servant, + Josias Hartt, + Judith Sharp, + Ann Quarle, + ---- Reignolds, + William Dier, + Mary Dier, + Thomas Sexton, + Mary Brawdrye, + Edward Normansell, + Henry Fell, + ---- Enims, + Roger Turnor, + Thomas Guine, + John Countway, + John Meriday, 125 + Benjamine Usher, + John Haman, + John Jefferyes, + Richard Knight, + John Walker, + Hosier, + William Jackson, + William Apleby, + John Manby, + Arthur Cooke, + Stephen. + + +_At the Plantation over ag^t James Cittie._ + + Humphrey Clough, + Morris Chaloner, + Samuell Betton, + John Gruffin, + William Edwards, + Wiliam Salisbury, + Mathew Griffine, + Robert Adwards, + John Jones, + Thomas Prichard, + Thomas Morgaine, + Thomas Biggs, + Nicholas Bushell, + Robert Williams, + Robert Reynolds, + Edward Huies, + Thomas Foulke, + Mathew Jenings, + Richard Morris, + Frances Barke, + John Ewins, + Samwell Fisher, + John Ewins, + James Cartter, + Edward Fletcher, + Aderton Greene, + Morice Baker, + Robert, Mr. Ewins' man, + Robert Pidgion, + Thomas Triggs, + James Thursby, + Nicholas Thimbleby, + Frances Millett, + John Hooks, + Thomas Lawson, + William Miller, + Nicholas Fatrice, + John Champ, + John Maning, + Richard Edmonds, + David Collins, + Thomas Guine, + John Vicars, + John Meredie, + Beng. Usher, + John Cantwell, + Richard Knight, + Robert Hellue, + Thomas Barrow, + John Enines, + Edward Price, + Robert Taylor, + Richard Butterey, + Mary Lacon, + Robert Baines, + Joseph Arther, + Thomas Mason, + John Beman, + Christo. Pittman, + Thomas Willer, + Samwell Fulshaw, + John Walmsley, + Abram Colman, + John Hodges, + Naamy Boyle. + + +_At Hogg Island._ + + William Brakley, + Peter Dun, + John Long. 204 + +_At Martins Hundred._ + + Henry Bagford, + Nicholas Gleadston, + Nicholas Dornigton, + Raph Rogers, + Richard Frethram, + John Brogden, + John Beanam, + Francis Atkinson, + Robert Atkinson, + John Kerill, + Edward Davies, + Percivall Mann, + Mathew Staneling, + Thomas Nicholls, + 2 children of the Frenchmen, + John Pattison, } + _uxor_ Pattison, } killed, + Edward Windor, + Thomas Horner, + John Walker, + Thomas Pope, + Richard Ston, + John Catesby, + Richard Stephens, + William Harris, + Christo. Woodward, + Joseph Turner. + + +_At Warwick Squrake._ + +Josias Collins, Clement Wilson, William Robinson, Christo. Rawson, +Thomas Winslow, _uxor_ Winslow, infant Winslow, Alex^r Sussames, Thomas +Prickett, Thomas Maddox, John Greene, Nathaniel Stanbridg, John Litton, +Christo. Ash, _uxor_ Ash, infant Ash, Nethaniel Lawe,} Jane Fisher,} +killed, Phillip Jones, Edward Banks, John Symons, Thomas Smith, Thomas +Griffin, George Cane, Robert Whitt, Symon, an Italien. X/ + + +_At Elizabeth Cittie._ + + Charle Marshall, + William Hopkicke, + Dorothie Parkinson, + William Robertts, + John Farrar, + Martin Cuffe, + Thomas Hall, + Thomas Smith, + Christo. Robertts, + Thomas Browne, + Henry Fearne, + Thomas Parkins, + Mr. Hussy, + James Collis, + Raph Rockley, + William Geales, + George Jones, + Andrew Allinson, + William Downes, + Richard Gillett, + Goodwife Nonn, + Hugo Smale, 280 + Thomas Wintersall, + John Wright, + James Fenton, + Cisely, a maid, + John Gavett, + James, } + John, } Irishmen, + Jocky Armestronge, + Wolston Pelsant, + Sampson Pelsant, + Cathrin Capps, + William Elbridg, + John Sanderson, + John Bewbricke, + John Baker, killed, + William Lupo, + Timothy Burley, + Margery Frisle, + Henry West, + Jasper Taylor, + Brigett Searle, + Anthony Andrew, + Edmond Cartter, + Thomas ----, + William Gauntlett, + Gilbert ----, killed, + Christopher Welchman, + John Hilliard, + Gregory Hilliard, + John Hilliard, + William Richards, + Elizabeth, a maid, + Capt. Hickcocke, + Thomas Keinnston, + Capt. Lincolne, + Chad. Gulstons, + _uxor_ Gulstons, + infant Gulstons, + George Cooke, + Richard Goodchild, + Chrisenus, his child, + Elizabeth Mason, + Symon Wither, + Whitney Guy, + Thomas Brodbanke, + William Burnhouse, + John Sparkes, + Robert Morgaine, + John Locke, + William Thompson, + Thomas Fulham, + Cutberd Brooks, + Innocent Poore, + Edward Dupper, + Elizabeth Davies, + Thomas Buwen, + Ann Barber, + William Lucott, + Nicholas ----, killed, + Henry Bridges, + Henry Payton, + Richard Griffin, + Raph Harrison, + Samwell Harvie, + John Boxer, + Benjaimine Boxer, + Thomas Servant, + Frances Chamberline, + Bridgett Dameron, + Isarell Knowles, + Edward Bendige, + William Davies, + John Phillips, + Daniell Sandwell, + William Jones, + Robert Ball's wife, + Robert Leaner, + Hugh Nickcott, + John Knight. + + +_Out of the Ship called The Furtherance._ + + John Walker, + ---- Hosier, + William Jackson, + William Apleby, + John Manby, + Arthur Cooke, + Steven. 366 + +_Out of the God's Gift._ + + Mr. Clare, master, + William Bennett. + + +_Out of the Margrett & John._ + + Mr. Langley, + Mr. Wright. + + + The Guner of the _William & John_. 371 + +_FINIS._ + + + + +_EDITOR'S NOTE._ + + +The reader will perceive that the foregoing list of the dead reports +only those who had died "since April last" (1622), consequently does not +include the victims of the Indian massacre, which occurred on the 22d of +March of that year. The number which fell by that diabolical conspiracy, +as reported by Smith, amounted to 347, and in his Generall Historie, at +page 149, he has a list of the numbers murdered at different places. +Neill copies from the Records of the Virginia Company (now in the +Congressional Library at Washington) a list of their names--see his +"History of the Virginia Company," pp. 339-346--and considering that it +is proper to annex this to the list preceding we herewith give it. The +total corresponds with the statement in Smith's Historie. + +The number of deaths in the census list shows a mortality amounting in +one year to upwards of twenty per cent. of the whole population, +exceeding the number which fell in the massacre by twenty-four. The +fullest details of this and many other matters relating to the Colony +while under the Virginia Company, can be found more fully shown in +Neill's History of the Virginia Company than in any other work we have +seen. + + * * * * * + +"Here following is set downe a true list of the names of all those that +were massacred by the treachery of the Sauages in Virginia, the 22^{nd} +March last. + +"To the end that their lawfull heyres may take speedy order for the +inheritinge of their lands and estates there. For which the honourable +Company of Virginia are ready to do them all right and fauour:" + + +_At Captaine Berckley's Plantation, seated at Falling Creeke, some 66 +miles from James Citie, in Virginia._ + + John Berkley, Esquire, + Thomas Brasington, + John Sawyer, + Roger Dauid, + Francis Gowsh, + Bartholmew Peram, + Giles Peram, + John Dowler, + Laurence Dowler, + Lewis Williams, + Richard Bascough, + Thomas Holland, + John Hunt, + Robert Horner Mason, + Phillip Bames, + William Swandal, + Robert Williams, his Wife and Childe, + Giles Bradshawe, his Wife and Childe, + John Howlet and his sonne, + Thomas Wood and Collins his man, + Joseph Fitch, apothecary to Doctor Pots. + +_At Master Thomas Sheffield Plantation, some three miles from the +Falling Creeke._ + + Master Th: Sheffield[478] and Rachel his wife, + John Reeue, + William Tyler, a boy, + Samuel Reeue, + John Ellen, + Robert Tyler, a boy, + Mathew ----, + Judeth Howard, + Thomas Poole, + Methusalem ----, + Thomas Taylor, + William Tyler + +[478] The son of William Sheffield. + + +_At Henrico Iland, about two miles from Sheffield's Plantation._ + + ---- Atkins, + ---- Weston, + Philip Shatford, + William Perigo, + Owen Jones, one of Capt. Berkley's people. + + +_Slaine of the Colledge People, about two miles from Henrico-Citie._ + + Samuel Stringer, + George Soldan, + William Basset, + John Perry, + Edward Ember, + Jarrat Moore, + Thomas Xerles, + Thomas Freeman, + John Allen, + Thomas Cooke, + John Clements, + James Faulkoner, + Christopher Henley, + William Jordan, + Robert Dauis, + Thomas Hobson, + William Bailey. + + +_At Apo-mattucke River, at Master Abraham Pierce his Plantation, some +five miles off the Colledge People._ + + William Charte, + Jo: Waterhowse, + John Barker, a boy, + Robert Yeoman. + + +_At Charles-Citie and about the precincts of Capt. Smith's Company._ + + Roger Royal, + Thomas Jones, + Robert Maruel, + Edward Heydon, + Henry Bushel. + + +_At other Plantations next adioyning._ + + Richard Plat and his Brother, + Henry Milward, his wife, his Childe and his Sister, + Richard, a boy, + Goodwife Redhead. + + +_At Mr. William Farrar's House._ + + Master John England and his man, + John Bel, + Henricke Peterson and Alice, his Wife, and William, her sonne, + Thomas, his man, + James Woodshaw, + Mary and } + Elizabeth, } Maid servants. + +_At Berkley-Hundred, some five miles from Charles-Citie._ + + Capt. George Sharpe, Esq., one of his Maiesties Petitioners. + John Rowles, + Richard Rowles, his Wife and Childe, + Giles Wilkins, + Giles Bradway, + Richard Fereby, + Thomas Sharpe, + Robert Jordan, + Edward Painter. + +_At Westouer, about a mile from Berkley-Hundred._ + +And First at Cap. Fr. West's Plantation: + + James English, + Richard Dash. + +At Master John West's Plantation: + + Christopher Turner, + Dauid Owen. + +At Capt. Nathanael Wests: + + Michael Aleworth, + John Wright. + +At Lieutenant Gibs his Dividend: + + John Paly, + Thomas Ratcliffe, + Michael Booker, + John Higglet, + Nathanael Earle, + John Gibbes, + William Parker, + Richard Wainham, + Benomy Keyman, + Thomas Gay, + James Vpfall, + Daniel, M^r Dombelowes man. + +At Mr. Richard Owen's House: + + Richard Owen, + Stephen Dubo, + Francis, an Irishman, + Thomas Paine, + One old Maid called blinde Margaret, + William Reeue. + +At Master Owen Macar's House: + + Owen Macar, + Garret Farrel, + Richard Yeaw, + One Boy. + +At Master Macock's Dividen: + + Capt. Samuel Macock, Esquire, + Edward Lister, + Thomas Browne, + John Downes. + + +_At Flowerdieu-Hundred, Sir George Yeardley's Plantation._ + + John Philips, + Thomas Nuson, + John Braford, + Robert Taylor, + Samuel Jarret, + Elizabeth Bennet. + +_At the other side of the River, opposite to Flowerdieu-Hundred._ + + Master Hobson and his wife, + Richard Storks, + John Slaughter, + Thomas Philips, + Richard Campion, + Anne Greene. + + +_At Mr. Swinhowe his House._ + + Mistris Swinhow and Thomas and George Swinhow, her sonnes, + Richard Mosse, + John Larkin, + William Blyth, + Thomas Grindal. + + +_At Mr. William Bikar's House._ + + William Bykar, + Math. Hawthorn and his wife, + Edward Pierce, + Nicholas Howsdon. + + +_At Weynoack of Sir George Yeardley his people._ + + Nathaniel Elie, + John Flores, + Henry Gape, + ---- Buckingham, + William Puffet, + William Walker, + John Gray, + James Boate, + John Suersby, + Thomas Euans, + Thomas ap-Richard, + Henry Haynes, + John Blewet, + Henry Rice, + ---- Hurt, + Jonas Alpart, + Thomas Stephens, + Samuel Goodwine, + John Snow and his Boy, + Margery Blewet. + + +_At Powle-Brooke._ + + Capt. Nath. Powle, Esq., and his wife, Daughter to M^r Tracey, + Mistris Bray, + Adam Rayner's wife, + Barbara Burges, + William Head, + Thomas Woolcher, + William Meakins, + Robert ----, + Peter Jordan, + Nathanael Leydon, + Peter Goodale. + + +_At Southampton Hundred._ + + Robert Goffe and his wife, + William Larkum, + John Dauis, + William Mountsort. + +_At Martin Brandons._ + + Lieutenant Sanders, + Ensigne Sherley, + John Taylor and his wife, + 2 Boyes, + Mathew, a Polander. + +_At Captaine Spilman's House._ + + John Basingthwayte, + Walter Shawe. + + +_At Ensigne Spence his House._ + + William Richmond, + John Fowler, + Alexander Bale, + William Fierfax, + The Tinker. + + +_Persons slaine at Martins-Hundred, some seaven miles from James-Citie._ + + Lieutenant Rich: Kean, + Master Tho: Boise & + Mistris Boise, his wife & + a sucking Childe, + 4 of his men, + A Maide, + 2 Children, + Nathanael Jefferies wife, + Margaret Dauies, + 3 seruants, + Master John Boise, + his wife, + A Maide, + 4 Men-seruants, + Laurence Wats, + his Wife, + 2 Men seruants, + Timothy Moise, + his Man, + Henry Bromage, + his Wife, + his Daughter, + his Man, + Edward How, + his Wife, + his Childe, + A child of John Jackson, + 4 Men seruants, + Josua Dary, + his wife, + Richard Staples, + his wife, + and Childe, + 2 Maides, + 6 Men and Boyes, + Walter Dauies & + his brother, + Christopher Guillam, + Thomas Combar, + A Man, + Ralphe Digginson, + his Wife, + Richard Cholser, + George Jones, + Cisby Cooke, + his wife, + Dauid Bons, + John Benner, + John Mason, + William Pawmet, + Thomas Bats, + Peter Lighborrow, + James Thorley, + Robert Walden, + Thomas Tolling, + John Butler, + Edward Rogers, + Maximilian Russel, + Henry, a Welchman. + + +_At Mr. Thomas Pierce his House over against Mulberry Iland._ + + Master Tho: Pierce, + his Wife, + and Childe, + John Hopkins, + John Samon, + A French Boy. + + +_At Mr. Edward Bennets Plantation._ + + Mastter Th: Brewood, + his wife, + his Childe, + Robert Gray, + John Griffin, + Ensigne Harrison, + John Costard, + Dauid Barry, + Thomas Sheppard, + Henry Price, + Robert ----, + Edward Jolby, + Richard ----, + Alice Jones, + Thomas Cooke, + Philip Worth, + Mathew a maid, + Francis Winder, + Thomas Conly, + Richard Woodward, + Humfrey Cropen, + Thomas Bacon, + Euan Watkins, + Richard Lewis, + Edward Towse, + 2 Seruants, + Thomas Ferris, + George Cole, + Remember Michel, + ---- Bullocke, + Richard Chandler, + Henry Moore, + Nicholas Hunt, + John Corderoy, + Richard Cockwell, + John Howard, + Mistris Harrison, + Mary Dawks, + Annie English, + Rebecca ----, + Master Prowse, + Hugh ----, + John ----, + Edward ----, + Mistris Chamberlin, + Parnel a maid, + Humfrey Sherbrooke, + John Wilkins, + John Burton. + + John Scotchmore, } M^r John Pontis his men. + Edward Turner, } + + Edward Brewster, Lieutenant Pierce his man. + + Thomas Holland, Capt. Whittakers man. + + +_At Master Walters his house._ + + Master Edward Walters, + his wife, + a Childe, + a Maid, + a Boy. + +The whole number 347. + + + + +A BRIEFE DECLARATION +OF THE +PLANTATION OF VIRGINIA + +DURINGE THE FIRST TWELVE YEARES, WHEN +SIR THOMAS SMITH WAS GOVERNOR OF +THE COMPANIE, & DOWNE TO THIS +PRESENT TYME. + +BY THE + +ANCIENT PLANTERS NOWE REMAINING ALIVE IN VIRGINIA. + +1624. + + + + +PREFACE. + + +The next paper presented in this collection is a copy of the one from +which Mr. Bancroft quotes in his introductory note to the meeting of the +first Assembly, referring to it as "MS. in my possession." This is +printed from the copy among the McDonald papers, and with its title and +endorsements no intimation is given as to the date of its preparation, +its author or authors, to whom it was addressed, or the use intended to +be made of it. These questions are, however, answered almost entirely by +reference to the entries in "Sainsbury's Calendar of State Papers," +which, on pp. 65-'6, has the following: "1624. July. Petition of Gov. +Sir Francis Wyatt, the Council and Assembly of Virginia to the King. +Have understood that his Majesty, notwithstanding the unjust +disparagement of the Plantation, has taken it under his especial care; +intreat that credit may not be given to the late declarations presented +to his Majesty concerning the happy, but indeed miserable, estate of the +Colony during the first twelve years (of Sir Thos. Smith's government), +nor to the malicious imputations which have been laid upon the late +government. Inclose the true state of both, and earnestly request that +the present government may be continued. Pray that the King's tender +compassion will not allow them to fall into the hands of Sir Thos. Smith +or his confidents." Signed by Sir Fran. Wyatt, Capt. Fan. West, Sir +George Yeardley and eighty-six others. _Inclose._--"Brief Declaration of +the Plantation," &c., giving the whole title of this paper, verbatim, +and a copious abstract of its contents. The earliest account of the +horrors it relates is to be found in Smith's History, p. 105, in what is +called "the examinations of Doctor Simons." This writer gives full +details of the straits to which the Colonists were reduced and the +expedients to which they resorted to appease hunger in 1609; adding, +after the statements in regard to eating the Indian who had been buried +several days and their eating "one another boyled, and stewed with +rootes and herbes," the account of the man who "did kill his wife, +powdered her, and had eaten part of her before it was known," and adding +with a grim humour, "now whether shee was better roasted, boyled or +carbonado'd, I know not, but of such a dish as powdered wife, I never +heard of." His statements are copied, with more or less variation, by +Beverley, Stith, Keith and Burke, but not one of them go into the +disgusting and improbable details named in the "Brief Declaration." +Campbell also reports the stories, but adds, in regard to the wife +murderer, "upon his trial it appeared that cannibalism was feigned to +palliate the murder," p. 93. Neill quotes from the Records of the +Virginia Company, "The Tragical Relation of Virginia Assembly," which +was transmitted to England about 1621; this was intended as a reply to a +petition of Alderman Johnson and others, who had represented to the King +that the reports in regard to Sir Thos. Smith's management were false, +and desiring an investigation. These petitioners were members of a +faction which desired to break up the Virginia Company. In the Relation +of the Assembly, Smith is charged with all the cruelties to the +Colonists which are mentioned in this "Brief Declaration"; torturing +and starving to death being the punishments for minor offences; and +asserting their confidence in the truth of these statements by +concluding it with these words: "And rather to be reduced to live under +the like government we desire his Ma^{ties} commissioners may be sent +over w^{th} authoritie to hange us." This is signed by thirty members of +the General Assembly, including among the names, those of George Sandys, +the poet, traveller and Secretary of the Colony, and Raph Hamor, the +chronicler--See Neill, pp. 407-411. + +There is another reference to this starving time (as it is called) and +its accompanying horror, which should not be allowed to pass without +notice. As above stated, the worst state of affairs was reported to have +existed in 1609, and in the next year a pamphlet with the following +title was issued, "A true declaration of the estate of the Colonie of +Virginia, with a refutation of such scandalous reports as haue tended to +the disgrace of so worthy an enterprise. Published by aduise and +direction of the Councell of Virginia. London, 1610." The writer of +which, after referring to the slanders which had been circulated in +regard to Sir Thos. Smith's government, and especially of the story of +the wife-eater, says, "Sir Thomas Gates thus relateth the tragedie," and +then follows a long passage to the effect that "one of the companie +mortally hated his wife," and having killed her and secreted her body +after cutting it into peices; when it was found out he said she died and +he had hid her to satiafie his hunger, and had fed daily upon her, but +upon searching his house they found a large quantity of provisions.--See +Force's tracts, Vol. III. The writers of the "Brief Declaration," and +the "True Declaration," must have seen this statement published ten or +twelve years before they wrote, and it is a little remarkable that they +should have persisted in repeating a story which was far from being well +authentitcated, especially as the true statement did not need this +addition to increase the odium incurred by the mismanagement of Sir +Thos. Smith, the evidences of which are herein set forth. + +Stith reports the stories of the Indian "that had been slain and buried" +being taken up and eaten, and "so did several others, one another that +died," and also that of the man who "killed his wife and powdered her +up, and eat the greater portion before it was discovered;" and adds, for +many years after it was "remembered by the name of the _starving time_," +p. 116-117. For many particulars nowhere else given, see Neill's +History, pp. 407-411. + + + + +STATE PAPER OFFICE. } +COLONIAL. } +_Volume 3, No. 21, I._ } + + + A BREIFE DECLARATION _of the Plantation of Virginia duringe the + first Twelve Yeares, when Sir Thomas Smith was Governor of the + Companie, & downe to this present tyme. By the Ancient Planters + nowe remaining alive in Virginia._ + +Wheras in the beginninge of Sir Thomas Smith's twelve yeares government, +it was published in printe throughout the Kingdome of Englande that a +Plantation should be settled in Virginia for the glorie of God in the +propogation of the Gospell of Christ, the conversion of the Savages, to +the honour of his Majesty, by the enlargeinge of his territories and +future enrichinge of his kingdome, for which respects many noble & well +minded persons were induced to adventure great sums of money to the +advancement of soe pious & noble a worke, who have from the very first +been frustrate of their expectation, as wee conceive, by the +misgovernment of Sir Thomas Smith, aiminge at nothinge more then a +perticular gaine, to be raised out of the labours of such as both +voluntarilie adventured themselves and were otherwise sent over at the +common charge. This will cleerely appeare in the examination of the +first expedition & severall supplies in the tyme of his government. + +The first Plantation in Virginia consisted of one hundred persons, so +slenderly provided for that before they had remained halfe a yeare in +this new Collony they fell into extreame want, not havinge anything left +to sustein them save a little ill conditioned Barley, which ground to +meal & pottage made thereof, one smale ladle full was allowed each +person for a meale, without bread or aught else whatsoever, so that had +not God, by his great providence, moved the Indians, then our utter +enemies, to bringe us reliefe, we had all utterlie by famine perished. +How unable so small a companye of people, soe poorely sent over, were to +make way for such as shoulde followe, may easily be judged. + +The first supplie beinge two shippes, the John & Francis & Phenix, with +one hundred & twenty persons, worse every way provided for then the +former, arrived heere about eight or nine months after & found the +Collony consistinge of no more then forty persons (of those) tenn only +able men, the rest at point of death, all utterly destitute of howses, +not one as yet built, so that they lodged in cabbins & holes within the +grounde; victualls they had none, save some small reliefe from the +Indians, as some yet living weare feelinge witnesses, neither were we +for our future and better maintenance permitted to manure or till any +grounde, a thing in a new Plantation principally to be regarded, but +weare by the direction of Sir Thomas Smith, and his officers heere, +wholly imployed in cuttinge downe of masts, cedar, blacke wallnutt, +clapboarde, &c., and in digginge gould oare (as some thought) which +beinge sent for England proved dirt. These works to make retorne of +present proffit hindered others of more necessary consequence of +Plantation. + +After this first supplie there were some few poore howses built, & +entrance made in cleeringe of grounde to the quantitye of foure acres +for the wholl Collony, hunger & sickness not permitting any great +matters to bee donne that yeare. + +The second supplie was a ship called the Mary Margett, which arrived +here nine months after, about the time of Michaellmas, in her sixty +persons, most gentlemen, few or no tradesmen, except some Polanders to +make Pitch, tarre, potashes, &c., to be retorned for present gaine, soe +meanly likewise were these furnished forth for victualles, that in lesse +then two monthes after their arrivall, want compelled us to imploye our +time abroad in trading with the Indians for corne; whereby though for a +time we partly relieved our necessities, yet in Maye followinge we weare +forced (leavinge a small guarde of gentlemen & some others about the +president at James Towne) to disperse the wholl Collony, some amongst +the Salvadges but most to the Oyster Banks, where they lived uppon +oysters for the space of nine weekes, with the allowance only of a pinte +of Indian corne to each man for a week, & that allowance of corne +continued to them but two weekes of the nine, which kinde of feeding +caused all our skinns to peele off, from head to foote, as if we had +beene flead. By this time arrived Captaine Samuell Argall in a small +Barque, with him neither supplie of men nor victualls from the Company; +but we understandinge that he had some small provisions of bread and +wine, more then would serve his owne companie, required him and the +master of the Barque to remaine ashoare whilst we might bring his sailes +ashoare the better to assure us of his ship & such provisions as coulde +be spared, whereunto he seemed willingly to condescend. Those +provisions, at a small allowance of Biskett, cake, and a small measure +of wine or beere to each person for a Daye some what relieved us for the +space of a month, at the end of which time arrived the thirde supplie, +called Sir Thomas Gates, his fleet, which consisted of seaven shippes & +neere five hundred persons with whom a small proportion of victuall, for +such a number, was landed; howses few or none to entertain them, so that +being quartered in the open feilde they fell uppon that small quantitye +of corne, not beinge above seaven acres, which we with great penury & +sufferance had formerly planted, and in three days, at the most, wholly +devoured it. + +These numbers, thus meanly provided, not being able to subsist and live +together weare soone after devided into three parties and dispersed +abroad for their better reliefe. The first under commande of Captaine +Francis West to feat at the head of the River; a second under commande +of Captaine John Smith, then President, at James Towne, & the other, +with Capt. John Martin, in the River at Nansamun, which divisions gave +occasions to the Indiens treacherously to cutt off divers of our men & +boates, and forced the rest at the end of sixe weekes, havinge spent +those small provisions they had with them, to retire to James Town & +that in the depth of winter, when by reason of the colde, it was not +possible for us to endure to wade in the water (as formerly) to gather +oysters to satisfie our hungry stomacks, but constrained to digge in the +grounde for unwholesome rootes whereof we were not able to get so many +as would suffice us, in respect of the frost at that season & our +poverty & weakness, so that famine compelled us wholly to devoure those +Hogges, Dogges & horses that weare then in the Collony, together with +rates, mice, snakes, or what vermin or carryon soever we could light on, +as alsoe Toadstooles, Jewes eares, or what els we founde growing upon +the grounde that would fill either mouth or belly; and weare driven +through unsufferable hunger unnaturallie to eat those thinges which +nature most abhorred, the flesh and excrements of man, as well of our +owne nation as of an Indian, digged by some out of his grave after he +had laien buried three daies & wholly devoured him; others, envyinge the +better state of boddie of any whom hunger had not yet so much wasted as +there owne, lay waight and threatened to kill and eat them; one amonge +the rest slue his wife as she slept in his bosome, cutt her in peeces, +powdered her & fedd uppon her till he had clean devoured all partes +saveinge her heade, & was for soe barbarouse a fact and cruelty justly +executed. Some adventuringe to seeke releife in the woods, dyed as they +fought it, & weare eaten by others who found them dead. Many putt +themselves into the Indians' handes, though our enemies, and were by +them slaine. In this extremitye of famine continued the Collony till the +twenteth of Maye, when unexpected, yet happely, arrived Sir Thomas Gates +& Sir George Somers in two small Barques[FF] which they had built in the +Sommer Islands after the wreake of the Sea adventure wherin they sett +forth from Englande, with them one hundred persons barely provided of +vittel for themselves. They founde the Collony consistinge then of but +sixty persons most famished and at point of death, of whom many soone +after died; the lamentable outcries of theirs soe moved the hartes of +those worthies, not being in any sorte able long to releive their wantes +they soone resolved to imbarque themselves & this poore remainder of the +Collonye, in those two pinnaces & two other small Barques then in the +River, to sett saile for Newfoundland where they might releive their +wants & procure one safer passage for Englande. Every man, glad of this +resolution, laboured his uttmost to further it, so that in three weekes +we had fitted those barques and pinnaces (the best we could) & quitted +James Towne, leaving the poore buildings in it to the spoile of the +Indians, hopeinge never to retorne to re-possess them. When we had not +sailed downe the River above twelve miles but we espied a boat which +afterwards we understoode came from the right Honourable Lorde La Ware, +who was then arived at Point Comfort with three good shipps, wherin he +brought two hundred and fifty persons with some store of Provisions for +them; but by reason he founde the Collony in so great want was forced to +put both his owne people & the rest of the Collony to a very meane +allowance, which was seven pounde of English meale for a man a weeke, & +five pounds for every woman, without the addition of any victuall +whatsoever, except, in the stead of meale, we took valuablie either +pease or oatmeale. Uppon the arrival of that boat, Sir Thomas Gates +understandinge from the Lord La Ware, that his Lordship was arrived with +commission from the Company to be Gov^r & Capt. Gen^l of Virginia, & had +brought men & provisions for the subsistinge & advancing of the +Plantation, he the very next daye, to the great griefe of all his +Company (only except Capt. John Martin), as winde and weather gave +leave, retorned his whole company with charge to take possession againe +of those poore ruinated habitations at James Towne which he had formerly +abandoned; himselffe in a boate proceeded downeward to meete his +Lordship who, making all speede up, arrived shortly after at James +Towne. The time of the yeare being then most unseasonable, by +intemperate heat, at the end of June his people suddenly fallinge +generally into most pestilent diseases of Callentures and feavors, not +lesse then one hundred & fifty of them died within few moneths after, & +that chiefly for want of meanes to comfort them in their weak estates. +The residue alsoe disabled by reason of sicknes could performe nothing +that yeare to the advancement of the Collony, yet with the help of those +people which had arrived with Sir Thomas Gates, together with some of +the ancient Planters, who by use weare growen practique in a hard way of +livinge, two small forts weare erected neare the rivers mouth at +Kicoughtun, encompassed with small younge trees, haveinge for housing in +the one, two formerlie built by the Indians & covered with bark by them, +in the other a tent with some few thatcht cabbins which our people built +at our comming thether. We founde divers other Indian Howses built by +the natives which by reason we could make no use of we burnt, killinge +to the number of twelve or fourteene Indians, & possessinge such corne +as we founde growinge of their plantinge. We remained there untill +harvest, when we reaped (besides what we spent) about the quantitie of +one hundred and fiftie bushells of corne, which, by order from the Lord +La Ware, was transported to James Towne. + +[FF] "The Deliverance, of 70 tonn, and the Patience, of 30 tonn." Letter +from the Lord Delaware, Governor of Virginia to the patentees in +England.--Introduction to Strachey's _Virginia Brittania_, p. xxiii. + +His Lordship intendinge to send up certain forces to march towardes the +mountaines for the discoverie of gold or silver mines at the end of +October, sent his Patents to Captaine Yardley and Captaine Holcroft, +commanders of those two forts at Kicoughtan, wherin his Lordship gave +order that they should be forthwith abandoned & the people with all +speede to be brought to James Citie, there to prepare for his intended +march. + +At that time there arrived a small ship called the daintie, with twelve +men & one woman, some little provision of victuall, two or three horses +& some other slight necessaries for the Collony. Soon after we sett +forward for our intended march, havinge for our leaders Captaine Edwarde +Brewster & Captaine George Yeardley, being in number one hundred +persons, furnished with all such necessary provisions, as the Collony at +that time out of its poverty was able to provide. This designe was +hindered by reason of the unfortunate losse of all our chieffe men +skillfull in findeinge out mines, who weare treacherously slaine by the +Salvadges (inviteinge them ashoare to eat victualls which they wanted) +even when the meate was in theire mouthes, they careinge only to fill +their bellies, foresaw not to prevent this danger which befell them. + +This injury we revenged for the present (as we coulde) by killinge some +Indians and burninge many houses, but by reason of this disaster we +proceeded not farther on our journey then the head of the River, where +we spent about three moneths doinge little but induringe much; his +Lordship was there in person for the most part of that time, but his +disease of body groweinge much upon him he resolved to retire to James +Towne, givinge order that the fort which we had built there shoulde bee +quitted and the troupe drawn downe, which accordingly was done. His +Lordship then in regarde of his sickness was advised to putt to Sea in +his ship, the Delaware, to seeke remedie in some other parts for the +health of his bodye. At his going he left Captaine George Percie Deputie +Governor, the people (remaining under his command) provided for three +months at a short allowance of victuals. The calamities of these times +would not any way permit workes of great importance to bee performed, +sith that we did was as much as we coulde doe to live and defende our +selves. + +The Plantations helde at his Lordships departure were only James Towne +and Pointe Comforte, where was a small Fort fenced with Pallisadoes, in +it one slight howse, a store and some few thatcht cabbins, which shortly +after by casualtie was burnt with fire; some few great ordinance were +slenderlye mounted at James Towne and Pointe Comfort. + +A fortnight after his Lordship's departure arrived a small ship called +the Hercules, with some thirty people and some provisions for them. The +tweife of May followeinge arrived Sir Thomas Dale with three ships and +three hundred persons, his provisions for them of such qualitie (for the +most part) as hogges refused to eat, some whereof were sent backe to +England to testifie the same, and that the rest was not better was +justified upon oath before the Hono^{ble} the Lorde Cheife Justice of +the Common Pleas, at Guilde hall in London, by Sir Thos. Gates & two +other gentlemen. + +Sir Thomas Dale, takinge into consideration the precedent times not to +have succeeded accordinge to the greedy desire of Sir Thomas Smith, +presently imployed the general Colony about the lading of those three +ships with such freight as the country then yealded, but a little before +the ships were readie to depart, Sir Thomas Gates arrived with three +ships and three carvills, with him three hundred persons meanly provided +with victualls for such a number. In this fleet, to our remembrance, +arrived sixtie cowes and some swine; it was his care to dispatch those +shipps and carvills fraighted (as aforesaid) to the neglect of workes of +greater importance. Sir Thomas Dale imediately uppon his arrival, to add +to that extremitye of miserye under which the Collonye from her infancie +groaned, made and published most cruell and tiranous lawes, exceeding +the strictest rules of marishall discipline, which lawes were sent over +by Sir Thomas Dale to Sir Thomas Smith by the hande of Mr. William +Starchey,[GG] then Secretarie to the State, and were retorned in print, +with approbation, for our future government, as in divers bookes yet +extant more fully appeareth. + +[GG] Mr. Strachey, sailed with Lord Delaware on the 1st of April, 1610, +and arrived at the Capes on the 15th of May. He remained about two +years. He left a well written manuscript account of his observations, +with this title: "The Historie of travaile into Virginia Brittania, +* * * gathered and discovered as well by those who went first hither, as +collected by William Strachey, Gent., the first secretary of the +Colony;" which, edited by R.A. Major, Esq., of the British Museum, was +published by the Hakluyt society in 1849. + +At Michaellmas then next followinge, Sir Thomas Dale removed himself +with three hundred persons for the buildinge of Henrico Towne, where +being landed he oppressed his whole companye with such extraordinarye +labors by daye and watchinge by night, as maye seeme incredible to the +eares of any who had not the experimentall triall thereof. Wante of +houses at first landinge in the colde of winter, and pinchinge hunger +continually bitinge, made those imposed labours moft insufferable, and +the best fruits and effects therof to be noe better then the slaughter +of his Majesty's free subjects by starveinge, hangeinge, burneinge, +breakinge upon the wheele and shootinge to deathe, some (more than halfe +famished) runninge to the Indians to gett reliefe beinge againe retorned +were burnt to death. Some for stealinge to satisfie their hunger were +hanged, and one chained to a tree till he starved to death; others +attemptinge to run awaye in a barge and a shallop (all the Boates that +were then in the Collonye) and therin to adventure their lives for their +native countrye, beinge discovered and prevented, were shott to death, +hanged and broken upon the wheele, besides continuall whippings, +extraordinary punishments, workinge as slaves in irons for terme of +yeares (and that for petty offences) weare dayly executed. Many famished +in holes and other poore cabbins in the grounde, not respected because +sicknes had disabled them for labour, nor was their sufficient for them +that were more able to worke, our best allowance beinge but nine ounces +of corrupt and putrified meale and haife a pinte of oatmeale or pease +(of like ill condition) for each person a daye. Those provisions were +sent over by one Winne, a Draper, and Caswell, a baker, by the +appointment (as we conceave) of Sir Thomas Smith. Under this Tiranus +Government the Collony continued in extreame slavery and miserye for the +space of five yeares, in which time many, whose necessities enforced the +breach of those lawes by the strictness and severitye therof, suffered +death and other punishments. Divers gentlemen both there and at Henrico +towne, and throughout the wholl Collonye (beinge great adventurers and +no trendes or alliance to Sir Thomas Smith) weare feeling members of +those generall calamities, as far forth as the meanest fellow sent over. + +The buildings and fortifications of that Towne, or thereabouts, were noe +way extraordinary, neither could want, accompanied with bloode and +crueltie, effect better. + +Fortification against a foreign enemy there was none, only two or three +peeces of ordenance mounted, and against a domestic noe other but a pale +inclosinge the Towne to the quantitye of foure acres, within which those +buildings that weare erected, coulde not in any man's judgement, neither +did stande above five yeares and that not without continuall +reparations; true it is that there was a Bricke Church intended to be +built, but not soe much as the foundation therof ever finished, but we +contentinge our selves with a church of wood answerable to those houses. +Many other workes of like nature weare by him donne at Henrico and the +precincts therof, but so slightly as before his departure hence, he +himself saw the ruine and desolation of most of them. + +Sir Thomas Gates likewise in his time erected some buildinges in and +about James Towne, which by continuall cost in repaireinge of them doe +yet for the most part in some sort remaine. + +A framed Bridge was alsoe then erected, which utterly decayed before the +end of Sir Thomas Smith's government, that being the only bridge (any +way soe to be called) that was ever in the country. At this time in all +these labours, the miserye throughout the wholl Collony, in the +scarcitye of foode was equall; which penurious and harde kinde of +liveinge, enforced and emboldened some to petition to Sir Thomas Gates +(then Governor) to grant them that favor that they might employ +themselves in husbandry, that therby they and all others by plantinge of +corne, might be better fed then those supplies of victual which were +sent from Englande woulde afforde to doe, which request of theirs was +denied unlesse they woulde paye the yearlye rent of three barrels of +corne and one monthe's worke to the Collonye, although many of them had +been imployed in the generall workes and services of the Collony from +the beginninge of the Plantation, which harde condition of Tenantship +was then accepted rather then they woulde continue in those generall +services and employments noe waye better then slavery. Most part of the +time that Sir Thomas Gates and Sir Thos. Dale governed we were at warre +with the natives, so that by them divers times were many of our people +slaine, whose blood Sir Thomas Dale neglected not to revenge, by divers +and sundry executions, in killinge many, cuttinge downe and takinge away +their corne, burninge their houses, spoiling their weares, &c.[HH] + +[HH] "Their weares in which they take their fish, which are certain +enclosures made with reedes, and framed in the fashion of a laborinth or +maze, sett a fathome deepe in the water, with divers chambers or bedds, +out of which the entangled fish cannot returne or gett out, being once +in."--Strachey, p. 68. + +In this time alsoe the two fortes, fort Henry and fort Charles, at +Kicoughton, were againe erected with such buildings as were formerly +expressed, not fortified at all against a forreine enemye, and against +the Indian that common order of a pale or pallisadoe. + +The supplies sent out of Englande while Sir Thos. Gates and Sir Thos. +Dale governed were these; a small barque called the John and Francis, +which brought few men and less victual; the next a small ship called the +Sarah, with the like number of men and victuall; the next ship called +the Tresorer, wherin came Capt. Samuell Argoll, bringinge with him to +the number of fiftie good men, which ship and men were wholly imployed +in Trade and other services for relevinge of the Collonye; the next +ship, called the Elizabeth, with about thirteene persons, for them +little provision; the next the same Elizabeth came againe, with some +small store of provisions only; in her Sir Thos. Gates went for +Englande, leavinge the government with Sir Thomas Dale. + +A little before the departure of Sir Thomas Gates many of the ancient +planters (by the instigation of Sir Thomas Dale), uppon the promise of +an absolute freedome after three yeares more to be expired (havinge most +of them already served the Collonye six or seaven yeares in that +generall slavery) were yet contented to worke in the buildinge of +Charles Citty and Hundred, with very little allowance of clothinge and +victuall, and that only for the first yeare, being promised one moneth +in the yeare, and one daye in the weeke from Maye daye till harvest, to +gett our maintenance out of the earth without any further helpe; which +promise of Sir Thos. Dale was not performed, for out of that small time +which was allowed for our maintenance we were abridged of nere halfe, +soe that out of our daily taskes we were forced to redeeme time wherin +to labour for our sustenance, therby miserably to purchase our freedome. +Yet so fell it out that our State (by God's mercy) was afterwardes more +happie then others who continued longer in the aforementioned slaverye; +in which time we built such houses as before and in them lived with +continual repairs, and buildinge new where the old failed, untill the +massacre. + +For matter of fortification in all this time, were only foure peeces of +ordinance mounted for our defence against the natives. Soone after we +weare seated at Charles Hundred, Sir Thomas Dales resolved of a journey +to Pamonkey River, there to make with the Salvadges either a firme +league of friendship or a present warre; they percieving his intent +inclined rather for peace (more for feare then love) which was then +concluded betwixt them. That donne we retorned to our habitations, where +great want and scarcitye, oppressed us, that continuinge and +increasinge, (our first harvest not yet being ripe) caused in many an +intended mutinye, which beinge, by God's mercy, discovered, the prime +actors were duly examined and convicted, wherof sixe beinge adjudged and +condemned were executed. + +After this, arrived for supply a small ship called the John and Francis, +with about twenty persons and little or noe provisions for them. The +next ship, called the Tresorer, arived heere with the number of twenty +persons and as little provisions as the former, in which ship after many +other designes were effected by Sir Thos. Dale, as makinge spoile of the +Keschiacks[II] and Wariscoyacks, impaling some necks of Lande, for +defence against the Salvadges, and in fishing for our reliefe, &c., he +departed from Virginia, and left the Government to Captain George +Yardley, under whom the Collony lived in peace and best plentye that +ever it had till that time, yet most part of the people for that yeare +of his Government continued in the generall services followinge their +labors as Sir Thos. Dale left them by order. + +[II] Kiskiack (now Chescake--pronounced Cheesecake) on Smith's map is +located on the south side of the Pamunck (now York) river about the site +of Yorktown.--See Campbell, p. 66. +For Wariscoyack see footnote CC. + +At Michaelmas followinge arrived a small ship called the Susan, her +lading (beinge the first Magazin) consistinge of some necessarye +provisions of clothinge, as our wants required, which goods were sould +by Sir Thos. Smith's factor, as we suppose, for a sufficient proffit, +exchanginge with us their commodities for our Tobacco. + +At Christmas then followinge, just occasion beinge given by the Indians +of Chiquohomini in many and severall kindes of abuses, and in deridinge +of our demandes, wherunto they had formerly agreed and conditioned with +Sir Thomas Dale to paye us yearlye tribute, viz: a bushell of corne for +every Boweman, for which, by agreement, we were to give to each man one +peece of copper and one iron tomahawke, and to the eight chiefe men each +a suit of redd cloth, which clothes and truckinge stuffe we esteemed of +more worth then their corne. These and the like grosse abuses moved our +Governor, Captaine George Yeardley, to levye a company of men, to the +number of eighty-four, to bee revenged uppon those contemptuous Indians, +which he, accordinge to his desire, fully executed, and returned home +with the spoile of them; concludinge, before his departure from them, a +more firme league in appearance than formerly was, for that it continued +unviolated almost the space of two yeares; our people freely travelinge +from Town to Towne (both men, women and children) without any armes, and +were by the Salvadges lodged in their houses, every way kindly intreated +and noe way molested. + +In March followinge, our three yeares' time beinge expired, as it was +our due, we of Charles Hundred demanded our long desired freedome from +that common and generall servitude; unto which request Captaine George +Yeardley, freely and willingly assented, to our great joy and comfort. +Yet remained the most part of the Collony in the former servitude; part +of whom were farmers, the rest imployed in such workes as Sir Thomas +Dale gave order for before his departure. + +We that were freed, with our humble thankes to God, fell cheerfully to +our perticular labours, wherby to our great comfort, through his +blessinge, we reaped a plentifull harvest. + +In May followinge arived Captain Samuell Argoll with commission to be +Governor. He brought with him to the number of a hundred persons, partly +at the charge of the Company and partly at the charge of private +adventurers; with them was brought a very little provision for that +nomber. At his arrival heere he founde the Collony in all parts well +stored with corne, and at Charles Hundred a granery well furnished by +rentes lately raised and received from the farmers, which corne he tooke +possession of, but how it was imployed himselfe can best give an +account. Whilest he governed, the Collony was slenderly provided of +munition, wherby a strict proclamation was made for restraint of +wastinge or shooting away of powder, under paine of great punishment; +which forbiddinge to shoot at all in our peeces caused the losse of much +of oure corne then growinge uppon the grounde; the Indians perceivinge +our forbearance to shoote (as formerly) concluded thereuppon that our +peeces were, as they saide, sicke and not to be used; uppon this, not +longe after they were boulde to presume to assault some of our people, +whom they slew, therin breakinge that league, which before was so fairly +kept. + +Duringe his time of Government most of the people of the Collony +remained (as formerly) in the common service, their freedome not beinge +to be obtained without extraordinary payement. + +The next ship that arrived heere was the George, sett forth, as we +supose, at the charge of private adventurers, but came soe meanly +provided with victuall, that had not we, the old Planters, relieved them +most of them had been starved. The next ships, called the Neptune and +Treasurer, arived in August followinge, set out at the charge of the +Right Hono^{ble} the Lord Laware, his noble associates, and some other +private adventurers. The people w^{ch} arived were soe poorely +victualled that had they not been distributed amongst the old Planters +they must for want have perished; with them was brought a most pestilent +disease (called the Bloody flux) which infected all most all the whole +Collonye. That disease, nothstanding all our former afflictions, was +never knowne before amongst us. + +The next supply weare two ships called the William & Thomas and the +Guift, which arived in Januarie; the Guift beinge sett forth at the +charge of the Societie of Martin's Hundred, the other by the Magazin and +some private adventurers. + +The next, a small ship called the Elinor (sett forth at whose charge we +know not), arived heere in Aprill after, and in her Capt. Samuell +Argoll, leaving his Government, shipt himselfe for Englande. Whatsoever +els befell in the time of his Government we omit to relate, much beinge, +uppon our oathes, alreadie sufficiently examined and our answers sent +for Englande. + +By all which hath heertofore beene saide concerninge this Collony, from +the infancie therof and untill the expiration of Sir Thomas Smith's +government, may easily be perceived and plainly understood what just +cause he or any els have to boast of the flourishing estate of those +times, wherin so great miseries and callamities were indured, and soe +few workes of moment or importance performed, himselfe beinge justly to +be charged as a prime author therof, by his neglect of providinge and +alloweinge better meanes to proceede in so great a worke, and in +hindering very many of our frendes from sendinge much releife and meanes +who beinge earnestly solicited from hence by our letters--wherin we +lamentablie complained unto them--have often besought Sir Thomas Smith +that they might have leave to supplie us at their owne charge both with +provision of victuall and all other necessaries, wherin he utterlie +denied them so to doe, protestinge to them that we were in noe want at +all, but that we exceeded in abundance and plentie of all things, so +that therby our frendes were moved both to desist from sendinge and +to doubt the truth of our letters, most part of which weare by him +usually intercepted and kept backe; farther giveinge order by his +directions to the Governor heere, that all men's letters should be +searched at the goinge away of ships, and if in anye of them weare +founde that the true estate of the Collony was declared, they were +presented to the Governor and the indighters of them severely punished; +by which meanes noe man durst make any true relation to his frendes of +his owne or the Collonye's true estate; neither was it permitted to anye +to have passe to goe home, but by force were kept heere and employed as +we have saide (save some few), one of whom receved his passe from the +Kinge, and that closely made up in a garter, least it should have been +seized uppon and he kept heere notwithstandinge. Those whom their +frendes procured their passe in open courte from the Companye were, by +private direction, neverthelesse made staye of, others procuringe +private letters having been lett goe. + +We must alsoe noat heere, that Sir Thos. Dale, at his arivall finding +himself deluded by the aforesaid protestations, pulled Capt. Newport by +the beard, and threatninge to hange him, for that he affirmed Sir Thos. +Smith's relation to be true, demandinge of him whether it weare meant +that the people heere in Virginia shoulde feed uppon trees. + +Soe may we heere conclude, as some have concluded for him, to what great +growth of perfection (with the expence of that seaventie thousand +poundes) the Plantation was advanced in the time of his 12 years' +government, but whether, as it is saide, he be to be praised for the +managaing of these affaires, with much unanimity, moderation, integritie +and judgment, we leave it to censure. + +At the end of this twelve yeares arived Sir George Yeardley to be Gov^r +and founde the Collony in this estate and thus furnished, vizt: For +fortification against a forreign ennemie there was none at all; two demy +culverin only were mounted uppon rotten carriages and placed within +James Citty, fitter to shoot downe our houses then to offend an ennemie. +At Charles Hundred, which were mounted by Sir Thos. Dale, two demy +culverin and one sacre; fortifications against a domestique enimie very +mean. For Forts, Towns and Plantations he founde these: James Citty, +Henrico, Charles Citty and Hundred, Shirley Hundred, Arrahattock, Martin +Brandon and Kicoughton, all w^{ch} were but poorely housed and as ill +fortified; for in James Cittie were only those houses that Sir Thom. +Gates built in the time of his government, with one wherin the Gov^r +allwayes dwelt, an addition beinge made therto in the time of Captaine +Sam^l Argoll, and a church, built, wholly at the charge of the +inhabitants of that cittie, of Timber, beinge fifty foote in length and +twenty foot in breadth; at Paspahayes alsoe weare some few slight houses +built; at Henrico, two or three old howses, a poore ruinated church with +some few poore buildings in the Island; Coxen Dale and the Maine and att +Arrahatocke one house, at Charles Cittie sixe howses much decayed, and, +that we may not be too tedious, as these, soe were the rest of the +places furnisht. + +For people then alive about the nomber of foure hundred, very many of +them in want of corne, utterlie destitute of cattle, twine, Poultrie and +other Provisions to nourish them. + +For Barques, Pinnaces, Shallops, Barges and Boates he founde only one +olde Frigott, which belonged to the Sommer Islandes, one olde Shallopp +built in Sir Thos. Dale's time, one boat built in Sir Sam'l Argoll's +time, with two small boates belonginge to private men. For munition a +very small quantitye, the most part thereof beinge very bad and of +little use. For ministers to instruct the people he founde only three +authorized, two others who never received their orders. + +For staple commodities at his arrivall he founde none afoot save only +Tobacco. The natives he founde uppon doubtfull termes, neither did we +ever perceive that at any time they voluntarilie yealded themselves +subjects or servants to our Gracious Soveraigne, neither that ever they +tooke any pride in that title, nor paide they at any time any yearly +contribution of corne for the sustentation of the Collony, nor could we +at any time keepe them in such goode respect or correspondencie that +they and we did become mutuallie helpfull or proffitable, each to other, +but to the contrary, whatsoever at any time was done uppon them +proceeded from fear without love, for such help as we have had from them +have been procured by sworde or trade. And heere can we noe way approve +of that which hath lately beene saide in the behalfe of Sir Thos. Smith, +by some of his new frendes, that a flourishinge plantation in Virginia, +erected in the time of his 12 yeares government, hath since been +distroyed through the ignorance of succeedinge Governors heere, for that +by what we have already saide all the worlde may judge in what a +flourishinge estate it was, and to what growth of perfection it was +advanced, at the arivall of Sir Geo. Yeardley to be Gov^r here, it +beinge then in our judgements, that were members of the colony, in a +poore estate. + +The whole 12 yeares expired. + +_Aprill, 1619._--Arived Sir Geo. Yeardeley, bringing certain commissions +and instructions from the Company for the better establishinge of a +Commonwealth heere, wherin order was taken for the removing of all those +grievances which formerly were suffred and manifested the same by +publishinge a Proclamation that all those that were residend heere +before the departure of Sir Thos. Dale should be freed and acquitted +from such publique services and labours which formerly they suffered, +and that those cruell lawes by which we had soe longe been governed were +now abrogated, and that we were now to be governed by those free lawes +which his Ma^{ty's} subjects live under in Englande. And farther that +free libertie was given to all men to make choice of their dividents of +lande and, as their abilities and meanes w^d permitt, to possesse and +plant uppon them. And that they might have a hande in the governinge of +themselves, it was granted that a general assemblie should be helde +yearly once, wherat were to be present the Gov^r and Counsell with two +Burgesses from each Plantation freely to be elected by the inhabitants +thereof; this assembly to have power to make and ordaine whatsoever +lawes and orders should by them be thought good and proffittable for our +subsistance. The effect of which proceedinge gave such incouragement to +every person heere that all of them followed their perticular labours +with singular alacrity and industry, soe that, through the blessinge of +God uppon our willinge labors, within the space of three yeares, our +countrye flourished with many new erected Plantations, from the head of +the River to Kicoughtan, beautifull and pleasant to the spectators, and +comfortable for the releife and succor of all such as by occasion did +travaile by land or by water; every man giveinge free entertainment, +both to frendes or others. The plenty of these times likewise was such +that all men generally were sufficiently furnished with corne, and many +alsoe had plenty of cattle, swine, poultry and other good provisions to +nourish them. Monethly courtes were held in every precinct to doe +justice in redressinge of all small and petty matters, others of more +consequence beinge referred to the Gov^r, Counsell and Generall +Assemblie. Now alsoe were begunne and sett a foote the erectinge of Iron +Workes, plantinge of vines and mulberrie trees for the nourishinge of +silke wormes; a trial made for silke grasse tillage for English graine, +gardeninge, and the like, which gave great hopes of present and future +plenty in their severall perticulars, wherin no doubt but much more had +been effected had not great sicknes and mortalitie prevented. + +Those yeares fallinge out to be generally contagious through this +continent, the people alsoe sent over arrived heere at the most +unseasonable time of the yeare, beinge at the heat of Sommer, and divers +of the ships brought with them most pestilent infections, wherof many of +their people had died at Sea, soe that these times alsoe of plenty and +libertie were mixed with the calamities of sicknes and mortalitie. + + * * * * * + +_In October, 1621_, Arived Sir Fras. Wyatt, Knight, with commission to +be Gov^r and Capt. Gen^l of Virginia. He ratified and confirmed all the +afore mentioned liberties, freedomes and priveledges, to our great +happines and content; the country alsoe flourished and increased in her +former proceedinges, as iron workes, plantinge of vines and mulberrie +for silke, &c. A ship alsoe was sent to the Summer Islandes for such +commodities as that place afforded, as Potatoes, Fig Trees, Orange and +Lemon Trees, and such like, many of which prosper and growe very likely +to increase. But amidst this happines was the Hande of God sett against +us, in great part, no doubt, for the punishment of our ingratitude in +not being thankefull but forgettfull that by his mercye we were +delivered from such bondage and calamitie as before time we had +suffered. Justly likewise were we punished for our greedy desires of +present gaine and proffit, wherin many showed themselves insatiable and +covetous; we beinge too secure in trustinge of a treacherous enimie, the +Salvadges, they, whilest we entertained them frendley in our houses, +tooke their opportunities and suddenly fell uppon us, killing and +murdering very many of our people, burninge and devastinge their houses +and plantations, this happeninge uppon the _two and twenteth of March_ +followinge (1622), stroocke so at the life of our wellfare by blood and +spoile, that it almost generally defaced the beautie of the wholl +Collonye, puttinge us out of the way of bringinge to perfection those +excellent workes wherin we had made soe faire a beginninge. + +This deadly stroake being given to the great amazement and ruine of our +State, caused our Governor and Counsell, withall speede, for the safetie +of the rest (lest the Indians shoulde take courage to pursue what they +had begunne), to re-collect the straglinge and woefull Inhabitants, soe +dismembered, into stronger bodies and more secure places. This enforced +reducement of the Collony into fewer bodies, together with the troble of +warre then in hande, caused the year following a slender harvest to be +reaped, wherby we weare constrained to relye upon hopes for our reliefe +by shippinge out of Englande, and by trading with the more remote +Salvadges, most part of which supplies from Englande unfortunately +miscarried by the waye, the Salvadges, likewise, from whome we hoped to +have helpes by trade, proved our most treacherous ennemies, cunninglye +circumventinge and cruellie murderinge such as were employed abroade to +gett reliefe from them, by all which misaccidents we fell that yeare +into great want and scarcitye; which since, by the blessinge of God, +through our supplies we have had from the Company, together with a +plentifull harvest, hath bene abundantly restored. Our Gov^r, Counsell +and others have used their uttermost and Christian endeavours in +prosequtinge revenge against the bloody Salvadges, and have endeavoured +to restore the Collonye to her former prosperitye, wherin they have used +great diligence and industrye, imployinge many forces abroade for the +rootinge them out of severall places that therby we may come to live in +better securitie, doubtinge not but in time we shall clean drive them +from these partes, and therby have the free libertie and range for our +cattle, the increase of whom may bringe us to plentie, and maye alsoe +more freely goe on againe with setting up those staple commodities which +we hoped by this time to have brought to good perfection. + +For the supplies of shippinge, men, cattle and provisions that have +arived heere since Sir Thomas Smith left his government we can not nowe +well reckon up, they beinge manye, but must referre you to the printed +bookes and to the Lists and Invoices retorned by Sir Geo. Yeardley. + +For the State of the Collony at this present we leave to the report of +such commissioners as are nowe sent over by the Right Hon. the Lordes of +his Ma^{tie's} privie counsell. + +This being reade in the Gen^l Assemblie received full approbation. + +[Endorsed.] + +Virginia--A relation of its Planting. + +[This document is undated but is placed in the Callendar among papers of +1625?] + + + + +A LIST + +OF THE NUMBER OF + +MEN, WOMEN AND CHILDREN + +INHABITING IN THE SEVERAL COUNTIES + +WITHIN THE COLONY OF VIRGINIA, + +_ANNO D^{NE}, 1634_. + + + +PREFACE. + + +The three succeeding papers are printed from the De Jarnette collection. +The first is a census in gross without any details of sex, age or social +condition. In these respects it lacks the interest which one feels in +the list made out in 1623. + +In February, 1623, there were living in the Colony 1277 persons, and +including 371 who had died during the preceding year, _i.e._ since +April, 1622; it is evident that the greatest number of inhabitants +during the year ending February 16, 1623--not including those murdered +in the massacre--amounted to 1648; and in 1634, eleven years afterwards, +they amounted to 5,119, being an increase of 3,471, or an average of +about 315 per annum, by birth and immigration. Accustomed as we are to +the rapid growth of new countries this seems but a small increase, but +when it is remembered that they made the voyage in sailing vessels only, +and that it then not unfrequently lasted three or four months, we have +little cause for wonder. + +The next paper is a copy of a letter from His Majesty Charles II., to +the Governor, Sir Wm. Berkeley, returning his thanks for a present of +silk grown in Virginia. The first settlers were very anxious for success +in this department of industry, and the House of Burgesses in 1657-'8 +passed a law offering a premium of 5,000 pounds of tobacco to any one +who made "100 pounds of wound silke in any one year," and in the next +session, 1658-'9, the premium was made 10,000 pounds of tobacco for 50 +pounds of "wound silke." We have frequently heard repeated a tradition +to the effect that Charles II. wore a robe made of Virginia silk at his +coronation. The circumstance of which this document is evidence, is +probably the nearest approach to any thing of the sort that ever +occurred, and hereafter this with the foolish and groundless story of +one of the Lees going to see him when an exile at Breda, to offer him a +crown and a refuge in Virginia, must be consigned to that oblivion which +is likely, soon, we hope, to receive many of the mythical legends which +have heretofore passed current for the history of Virginia. + +The third is a list of the parishes and their ministers in 1680, the +number of the latter showing that the people were poorly provided for in +this respect, and that some of the parishes had no ministers. This +deficiency was, however, in a measure provided for by the appointment of +"readers" under the operation of acts passed February 1632-'3, by which +if a minister's curé "is so large that he cannot be present on the +Saboth and other holy days. _It is thought fit_ That they appoint +deacons for the readinge of common prayer in their absence;" and +further, in March, 1661-'2, it was enacted "That every parish not +haveing a minister to officiate every Sunday doe make choice of a grave +and sober person to read divine service at the Parish church."--Hen. +Vol. I., p. 208; Vol. II., p. 46, 54. + + + + +STATE PAPERS, } +COLONIAL. } + _Vol. 8, No. 55 (1634)._} + + +A LIST _of the number of men, women and children Inhabitinge in the +severall Counties w^{th}in the Collony of Virginia. Anno D^{ne}, 1634._ + + +_Imprimis_, from Arrowhattock to Shirley hundred Iland, on both +sides the river, being within the Countie of Henrico, 419 + +Item, from Shirley hundred Iland to Weysnoake, on both sides the +River, being w^{th}in the countie of Charles Citty, 511 + +Item, from Upper Cheppeake Creeke to Lawnes Creeke on the +Southward side, and from Checohominey River to Creeke on the +northward side of the River, being w^{th}in the Countie of James +Citty, 886 + +Item, from Ketche's Creeke & Mulbury Iland to Maries Mount, on +the northward side of the river, being w^{th}in the countie of +Warricke river, 811 + +Item, from Lawne's Creeke to Warrosquyoake Creeke on the +southward side of the river, beinge within the Countye of +Warrosquyoake, 522 + +Item, from Maires Mount to Fox hill, w^{th} the Plantations of +the Back river & the old Pocolson river on the Northward side, +and from Elizabeth river to Chesepeake River on the southward +side of the river, being w^{th}in the Countie of Elizabeth Citty, 859 + +Item, in the Plantations of Kiskyake, Yorke & the new Pocolson, +being within the Countie of Charles River, 510 + +Item, in the Plantations on the Esterlie side of Chessepeake Bay, +being w^{th}in the Countie of Accowmack, 396 + + The whole number is, 4,914 + +After this list was brought in there arrived a ship of Holand with 145 +from the Bermudas. + +And since that 60 more in an English shipp w^{ch} likewise came from the +Bermudas. + +I certify that the foregoing is a true and +authentic copy taken from the volume +above named. + +JOHN McDONAGH, + +Record Agent, + +July 14th, 1871. + + + + +A LETTER + +FROM + +His Majesty, Charles the Second, + +TO SIR WM. BERKELEY, GOV. OF VA. + +ACKNOWLEDGING THE RECEIPT OF A PRESENT OF +SILK MADE IN THE COLONY, AND PROMISING +HIS PROTECTION TO THIS BRANCH +OF INDUSTRY. + +1648. + + + + +STATE PAPERS, } +COLONIAL--VIRGINIA. } +_Vol. 59, No. 115 (Nov'r --, 1668)._ } + + +[Partly damaged by damp.] + +Trusty & welbeloved, Wee Greet you well. Wee have received w^{th} much +content y^e dutifull respects of that Our Colony in y^e present lately +made us by you & y^e Councell there of y^e first product of y^e new +Manufacture of Silke, w^{ch}, as a mark of Our Princely acceptation of +yo^r dutyes & of y^r particular encouragement, Wee resolve to give to +yo^r industry in y^e prosecution and improvem^t of that or any other +usefull Manufacture, Wee have comanded to be wrought up for y^e use of +Our owne person, and herein Wee have thought good to * * * * * ledge +from Our owne Royall * * * * * you of Our more especiall care & +protection in all occasions that may concern that our ancient Colony and +Plantation, whose laudable industry, raysed in good part & improved by +y^e sobriety of y^e governm^t, we esteeme much, & are desirous by this & +any other seasonable expression of Our favor, as farre as in us lies, to +encourage. And soe Wee bid you Farewell. Given at Our Court at +Whitehall, the--day of November, in y^e 20^{th} yeare of our Reigne, +1668. + +By his Ma^{tie's} Comand. +His Ma^{ty} to S^r W^m. Berkeley & Colony. + +[Endorsed.] + +To our Trusty and Welbeloved Sir William Berkeley, Kn^t, Our Governour +of our Colony of Virginia, to be communicated to y^e Councill of that +Our Colony. + + I certify that the foregoing is a true and authentic copy taken + from the volume above named. + +JOHN McDONAGH, +Record Agent, +July 1st, 1871. + + + + +A LIST + +OF + +THE PARISHES IN VIRGINIA + +IN 1680. + + + +STATE PAPERS, } +COLONIAL--VIRGINIA. } +_Vol. 60, No. 410 (June 30th, 1680)._ } + + +A LIST OF THE PARISHES IN VIRGINIA. + +JUNE THE 30TH, 1680. + + +Henrico County {Varina, } John Ball. + {1/2 Bristol,[JJ] } + +Charles Citty Co^ty {1/2 Bristol, } + {Jordan, } Readers onely. + {Westover, } + { } + {Weyonoak, } M^r Paul Williams. + {Martin Brandon, } + +Surry County {Southwork, } M^r John Clough. + {Lawns Creek, } M^r John Woyre. + +James Citty County {Martins hundred, } + {1/2 Brewton, } + {Wallingford, } + {Wilmington, } M^r Thomas Hampton. + +Isle of Wight {Isle of Wight Parish, } M^r Rob^t Park. + {Lower Parish, } M^r W^m Housden. + + {Upper Parish, } M^r John Gregory. +Nanzemund {Lower Parish, } M^r John Wood. + {Chicokatuck Parish, } M^r W^m Housden, who + serves in Isle of Wight + alsoe. +Warwick County {Denby, } M^r John Larwence for + {Mulberry Island, } both. + +Eliz. Citty County {Inone Parish. } M^r John Page. + + +Lower Norfolk {Eliz. River Parish, } M^r W^m Nern. + {Lynhaven Parish, } M^r James Porter. + + { 1/2 Brewton, } + { Hampton Parish, } M^r Rowland Jones. +Yorke County { York Parish, } M^r Edwd. Foliott. + { New Towson Parish, } M^r John Wright. + + { South { St. Peter's Parish, } M^r Wm. Sellick. + { side. { Blissland Parish, } M^r Tho. Taylor. +New Kent { } + { North { St. Steven's Parish, } M^r Wm. Williams. + { side, { Stratton Maj^r } M^r Robt. Carr. + + { Kingston, } M^r Michaell Zyperius. + { Ware Parish, } M^r ---- Clark. +Glost^r County { Telsoe Parish, } M^r Thomas Vicars. + { Abingdon, } M^r John Gwynn. + +Midd^x County Christ Church Parish, M^r John Sheppard. + + { Farnam, } M^r Charles Davies. +Rapp^a County { Sydenburn, } M^r ---- Dudley. + + { Stafford Parish, } +Stafford County { Choatanck, } John Wough. + + { Copeland Parish, } M^r ---- Scrimmington. +Westmerland County { Washington, } M^r William Butler. + + { Fairfield, } M^r John Farnefold. +Northumberl^d. Cou'ty { Wacacommico, } M^r Davies, who serves + alsoe at Farnam. + +Accomack County Accomack Parish, M^r Henry Parkes. + + { Northampton Parish, } +Northampton County { Hungers Parish, } M^r Thomas Teagle. + + { Christ's Church, } +Lancaster County { White Chapple, } M^r Benj. Doggett. + + I certify that the foregoing is a true and authentic copy taken + from the volume above named. + +JOHN McDONAGH, +Record Agent, +July 14th, 1871. + +[JJ] The 1/2 occurs in such cases as when one portion of the parish is +in one county and the other portion in another. Thus Bristol parish was +partly in Henrico and partly in Charles City counties. + + + + +ADDENDA. + + +The following additions to the text and notes are suggested as +explanatory, without being considered superfluous. + +Page 16.--"The sixte petition, to change the sauage name of Kicowtan," +was granted. In 1621, Treasurer Sandys in his report to the Company +informed them that the name had been changed to Elizabeth +Cittie.--Neill's history, page 178. + +Page 25.--The word "howes" inserted in connection with various kinds of +dogs, is our modern word hoe; Smith has it hows on page 86, and howes on +page 162. + +Page 29.--Capt. Henry Spelman, was the third son of the distinguished +antiquary, Sir Henry Spelman, of Conghan, Norfolk, England. He was about +twenty-one years of age when he came to Virginia, in 1609, for which he +accounts as follows: "Beinge in displeasuer of my frendes, and desirous +to see other countryes. After three months' sayle we cum with prosperus +winds in sight of Virginia." Afterwards he says, "I was carried by Capt. +Smith, our President, to ye Fales, to ye litell Powhatan, wher, vnknowne +to me he sould me to him for a towne called Powhatan."--Spilman's +Relation, pp. 15, 16. Dr. Simons, in Smith's General Historie, says: +"Captain West and Captain Sickelmore sought abroad to trade; Sickelmore, +upon the confidence of Powhatan, with about thirty other as careless as +himselfe, were all slaine, onely Jeffrey Shortridge escaped, and +Pokahontas, the King's daughter, saued a boy called Henry Spilman, that +liued many yeeres after, by her meanes, among the Patawmokes;" this +occurred in 1609.--Smith, p. 105. He remained with the Indians but +little more than one year, for in 1610 Capt. Argall being sent to the +"riuer Patawmoke to trade for corne," where finding him, used Spelman's +influence to secure the loading of his vessel with corn, and Spelman +returned with him to Jamestown.--Smith, p. 108. Spelman adds, "and +brought into England," p. 221. We then lose sight of him until he is +arraigned before the Assembly at Jamestown in 1619 (_ante_ p. 29) He +makes his final appearance in 1623, when we are told, he was sent with a +bark and twenty-six men to "trucke in the River Patawmek," where at some +place, the name of which was to his companions unknown, he landed with +twenty-one of his companions, when the savages made hostile +demonstrations "and presently after they" (the five left in the bark) +"heard a great brute amongst the Saluages ashore, and saw a man's head +thrown downe the banke, whereupon they weighed Anchor and returned home, +but how he was surprised or slaine is vncertaine."--Smith p. 161. +Spelman wrote a short account of his observations while among the +Indians, and it laid in obscurity until the sale of Dawson Turner's +library, in 1859, when it was bought by Mr. Joseph Lilly and, by +accident, again lost; and at the sale of Mr. Lilly's library, in 1871, +it was again discovered and purchased for James F. Hunniwell, Esq., who +has had one hundred copies printed for private circulation. + +Spelman was not the only Englishman with the savages. In the same year +that Spelman was sold for a town, or saved by Pocahontas--whichever +version being correct--Admiral Newport gave Powhatan a boy, named Thomas +Salvage, in exchange for "Namontack, his trustie seruant." Spelman says +Savage was murdered by the Indians, but there is a tradition that he +lived nearly all his life with them; became possessor of a tract of land +on the eastern shore by gift and that it remained in his family until +within the last ten years, when it was sold by some of his descendants +then living in Philadelphia. The authority for this statement is +obtained in correspondence with Hon. Hugh B. Grigsby, LL. D., President +of the Virginia Historical Society. + +Page 39.--To note to Jordan's Journey it may be added that a reference +to this place is doubtless made when Smith says: "After the massacre +many of the inhabitants fortified themselves against other attacks, and +Master Samuel Iorden gathered but a few about him at Begger's Bush" (the +title of one of Fletcher's comedies) "where he fortified."--Smith, p. +150; Campbell, p. 164. + +Page 47.--The following may be added to the note on Glass House: "For +glass they," the Indians, "knowe not, though the country wants not +sal-sodiack enough to make glasse, and of which we have made some store +in a goodly house sett up for the same purpose, a little without the +island where Jamestown stands."--Strachey's Virginia Brittania (1612), +p. 71. "To take care of Capt. Wm. Norton and certaine Italians sent to +sitt a glass house."--Instructions to Sir Francis Wyatt (1621), Hening +I., p. 116. + +Page 47.--To note on Warwick-Squrake add: "In the autumn of 1607, Capt. +Smith, with "six or seaven in company," went to Kicoughtan to get food +from the Indians by trade. On his return he discovered the town and +county of Warraskoyack."--Smith, page 45. + +RICHMOND, VA., _July 15, 1874_. + + + +***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK COLONIAL RECORDS OF VIRGINIA*** + + +******* This file should be named 22594-8.txt or 22594-8.zip ******* + + +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: +http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/2/2/5/9/22594 + + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +http://www.gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS', WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/pglaf. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at http://www.gutenberg.org/about/contact + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. +To donate, please visit: +http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart is the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + http://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. + |