diff options
| author | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-15 01:53:05 -0700 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-15 01:53:05 -0700 |
| commit | 2cc27a7141ccb5bbb7bf7829a442538a282d3989 (patch) | |
| tree | 9bb116f204c9ce5da4c958e5d3f2969877b6e302 /22586-h | |
Diffstat (limited to '22586-h')
| -rw-r--r-- | 22586-h/22586-h.htm | 1204 |
1 files changed, 1204 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/22586-h/22586-h.htm b/22586-h/22586-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a9e0e7d --- /dev/null +++ b/22586-h/22586-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,1204 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> + <head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" /> + <title> + The Project Gutenberg eBook of History of the Second Massachusetts Regiment of + Infantry: Beverly Ford, by Daniel Oakey + </title> + <style type="text/css"> +/*<![CDATA[ XML blockout */ +<!-- + p {margin-top: .75em; + text-align: justify; + margin-bottom: .75em;} + + body {margin-left: 10%; + margin-right: 10%;} + + .pagenum {position: absolute; + right: 2%; + font-size: 80%; + text-align: right; + color: #5a5a5a;} + + .center {text-align: center;} + + .smcap {font-variant: small-caps;} + + .poem {margin-left: 25%;} + + .spaced {letter-spacing: .5em;} + + .smaller60 {font-size: 60%;} + + .smaller80 {font-size: 80%;} + + h1 {font-weight: normal; + text-align: center;} + + h2 {font-weight: normal; + margin-top: 7em; + text-align: center;} + + hr.small {width: 15%; + margin-top: 3em; + margin-bottom: 3em;} + + hr.big {width: 33%; + margin-top: 5em; + margin-bottom: 5em;} + + hr {width: 10%; + margin-top: 1em; + margin-bottom: 1em;} + + .bigger {font-size: 140%;} + + .centerspaced {text-align: center; + margin-top: 3em;} + + .quote {margin-left: 2%; + margin-right: 2%; + margin-top: 2em; + margin-bottom: 2em; + font-size: 95%;} + // --> + /* XML end ]]>*/ + </style> + </head> +<body> + + +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of History of the Second Massachusetts +Regiment of Infantry: Beverly Ford., by Daniel Oakey + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: History of the Second Massachusetts Regiment of Infantry: Beverly Ford. + +Author: Daniel Oakey + +Release Date: September 12, 2007 [EBook #22586] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BEVERLY FORD *** + + + + +Produced by Tamise Totterdell and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was +produced from images generously made available by The +Internet Archive/American Libraries.) + + + + + + +</pre> + + +<h1><span class="spaced">HISTORY</span><br /> +<br /> +<span class="smaller60">OF THE</span><br /> +<br /> +<span class="smaller80">SECOND MASSACHUSETTS REGIMENT OF INFANTRY.</span></h1> + +<hr class="small" /> + +<h1><span class="smaller80">BEVERLY FORD.</span></h1> + +<p class="centerspaced">A PAPER READ AT THE OFFICERS' REUNION IN BOSTON,<br /> +MAY 12, 1884,<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<span class="smaller80">BY</span><br /> +<br /> +<br /> +<span class="bigger">DANIEL OAKEY,</span><br /> +<br /> +<span class="smaller80">CAPTAIN SECOND MASSACHUSETTS REGIMENT OF INFANTRY.</span></p> + +<hr class="big" /> + +<p class="center">BOSTON:<br /> +<span class="smcap">Geo. H. Ellis, Printer, 141 Franklin Street.</span><br /> +1884.</p> + +<h2>BEVERLY FORD.<br /> +<br /> +<span class="smaller80">JUNE 9, 1863.</span></h2> + +<hr /> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[Page 1]</a></span></p> + +<p><span class="smcap">In</span> taking up the thread of Captain George A. Thayer's admirable +chapter upon the Chancellorsville campaign, we find the regiment +baling out their old log pens, on a dark night, in the rain. +They had stripped the canvas roofs before starting for Chancellorsville. +The return to a deserted camp, even in fine weather, +flushed with victory, is not agreeable. The failure of Chancellorsville +made the discomforts of this memorable night harder to +bear, and it seemed very much like some of the worst experiences +of the "Mud campaign."</p> + +<p>Company "D" pursued their work with vigor, and sang with +the broadest sarcasm "Home Again." This had rather an enlivening +effect upon some of the other companies, who, up to this +time, had been very silent. Daylight relieved us all; and, with +sunshine and regimental "police," the place soon looked as if +nothing had happened, except for the late absentees, some of +whom would return when their wounds permitted; but others +would never again draw their swords under the old battle-flag. +The scholarly Fitzgerald, who died so bravely, was the only officer +of "ours" killed at Chancellorsville.</p> + +<p>It was at this very camp, about a month before, that the gallant +and lamented Colonel Shaw, then a captain in our regiment, left +us to organize and command that fated battalion, the "Fifty-fourth +Colored Massachusetts." Here, we again formed a mess +with the officers of the Third Wisconsin; and our former caterer, +Charley Johnson, and his colored staff, managed the <i>table d'hôte</i>. +Those who were fortunate enough to be present will remember +the surprise party given to us by the officers of the Third Wisconsin +in our canvas dining-room, at the foot of the hill, and +how it burst upon us in all its splendor of bayonet chandeliers<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">[Page 2]</a></span> +and unlimited "commissary." Brigade manœuvres and battalion +drills were diligently practised; and, when Casey's tactics were +scarcely dry from the press, Colonel Sam Quincy, with the least +possible preparation on our part, "sprung" on us the new movement +of "Forward on the centre to form square" at "double-quick." +And, I am ashamed to say, that, practised as we were in +all the tricks of field manœuvres, we "got mixed." The right +wing started without delay for Falmouth, the left wing for Acquia +Creek, and the color division took a steady trot for the camp of +the Tenth Maine. Adjutant Fox galloped wildly about the field, +the Colonel howled in despair, but on we went till the word +"Halt!" brought us to a stand, and we came back and formed +line. The Colonel then made the memorable remark, "Gentlemen +will please to have some connection of ideas," and started +the machine again at full speed. This time we melted into a +square in a manner which would have pleased General Andrews. +From this camp, Colonel Quincy resigned, pretty well exhausted +with wounds, exposure, and the trials of the Rebel prison.</p> + +<p>We now moved camp—Major Mudge commanding—to a pine +grove, where we constructed quite a picturesque military village, +and became absorbed in the habits and peculiarities of the wood-tick.</p> + +<p>The days rolled on into June; and it seemed fully time to be +doing something more about beating Lee, whose lieutenants were +successfully screening their preparations for the coming Northern +invasion. General Halleck, General-in-Chief at Washington, was +still busily engaged telegraphing to the generals in the field; and, +no doubt, Hooker was hampered by these voluminous instructions, +often so at variance with his own plans, which were apt to be +excellent, and he was unable at times to suppress his own dominant +and rather insubordinate spirit.</p> + +<p>On the 5th of June, Stuart was discovered concentrating his +troopers in great force at Culpepper. Mr. Stuart's "Critter-back +Company" was supposed to number about twelve thousand sabres, +and information obtained by General Buford showed that the +Rebels were preparing for a cavalry raid on a scale never before +attempted.</p> + +<p>Here was an opportunity for the "Cavalry Corps" which +Hooker had organized; but, owing to the wear and tear of Stoneman's +raid, General Hooker thought our cavalry weak to cope<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[Page 3]</a></span> +with the enemy, if their numbers as reported were correct. He +decided, however, to send General Pleasanton with all the cavalry +to attack Stuart, "stiffened," as he expressed it, with about five +thousand infantry.</p> + +<p>This "stiffening" consisted of a few selected regiments, including +"ours," to be divided equally between two columns of cavalry,—one +under Buford, with Ames to command his infantry, the other +under Gregg, with General David Russell as infantry commander.</p> + +<p>The total force of infantry was probably not more than three +thousand, as each regiment was thinned down by weeding out +every man who could not be relied upon for a forced march. +The order came on the afternoon of June 6 to "get ready in +light marching order for a secret expedition, leaving all sick and +baggage behind." The news soon spread through camp, and +friends from other regiments came to witness the departure of the +chosen. Upon learning that the Third Wisconsin was not included +in the order, the enthusiasm in the Second Massachusetts +was considerably dampened. "The Third" was certain that +there must be some mistake in the transmission of the order. +These two regiments had been brigaded together since the beginning +of the war, and had fought side by side in every action. +There was a sense of mutual support, and a desire to share equally +all the honors; a strong feeling of pride in each regarding the +achievements of the other. To us, it would have been unnatural +to go into action without the Third Wisconsin, or at least not to +know that they were in support. A hasty consultation resulted in +sending an officer to present the case at head-quarters. The chaplain's +excellent mare was summarily pressed for the service; and +our ambassador, springing into the clerical saddle, shot away for +General Ruger's head-quarters. He returned with an encouraging +word that the General would see what could be done.</p> + +<p>The column was already moving out of camp, under the gaze of +a crowd of officers and men. It seemed quite a family affair, as +we noticed the "Thirty-third Massachusetts" already on the road +waiting for us, under the fatherly protection of Colonel Underwood, +who had been so long a member of "ours" as captain of +"the bloody I's." Opinions were exchanged as to the probability +of the Third Wisconsin getting its orders. Bets, of course, were +freely offered and taken on the chances. Meantime, we were +joined by a battery of horse artillery and a string of pack<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[Page 4]</a></span> +mules carrying extra ammunition. Presently, a battalion appeared +coming over the hill at a pace indicating important business. Our +cheering was taken up by the rest of the column; and the Third +Wisconsin replied with wild howls, and quickly took their place as +part of our special brigade.</p> + +<p>After a furious thunder-shower, which laid the dust, General +Ames gave the word; and the command moved off at a smart +gait. The air was cool, and every member of the chosen band +was in high spirits. Even that army-trodden country, under the +circumstances, and with the influence of a beautiful sunset, +looked fresh and picturesque.</p> + +<p>There was evidently a strong impression that we were able-bodied +to the last man; for we skipped along for eight miles without +a halt, in a style which impressed our cavalry friends, whom +we found about eight o'clock in the evening drawn up in a field at +the roadside, to give us the right of way. A voice came from one +of the saddles, "I say, boys! what brigade?" "Ah, you recruit!" +replied one of the wits of the regiment: "don't you know this +brigade? This is Gordon's flying brigade,"—which was received +with much merriment. The men were in excellent humor, ready +to bandy words with any one, especially the cavalry, whom they +began to divine they were to operate with. This elegant repartee +was kept up all along the line. Occasionally, officers exchanged +greetings, where friends could make each other out in the dark. +A hasty word and shake of the hand (perhaps the last), and our +cavalry friend is left still watching the column as it marches +briskly along. Another cavalry detachment inquires: "What's +your hurry, boys? Where are you going?"</p> + +<p>"We're going to Richmond. Saddle up, you cowards, and come +along!" A soldier in the next company, of an inquiring disposition, +asks, "Who ever saw a dead cavalry man?"</p> + +<p>We bivouacked near Spotted Tavern, about eleven o'clock at +night; and, after this lively march of sixteen miles, we were +allowed a comfortable rest, while the cavalry occupied the road.</p> + +<p>Resuming our march at ten o'clock next day, we reached Bealton +about sunset, and were carefully concealed in the woods. +Lighting of fires was absolutely forbidden; and, as the night +closed in upon us, the staff remained in the saddle, stationed at +different points, silently watching us; and, as morning came again, +there they were still on the watch.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Page 5]</a></span>Meantime, General Russell had marched his infantry to Hartwood +Church, and thence to a point near Kelly's Ford, where +General Gregg was concentrating two divisions of cavalry.</p> + +<p>The night of the 8th, we moved down very near Beverly Ford +into the woods again,—cold suppers and no lights. The men +were exceedingly restless at these unusual orders about light and +noise. In a letter from one of my men since the war, he says: +"The men thought we were being humbugged, and there were +many signs of dissatisfaction. They complained because we were +not allowed to have fires. Dave Orne was punished (ordered to +stand at attention) by you, for snapping a cap upon his gun. It +was exceedingly galling to his soldierly pride, as it was the only +time he was punished during his term of service. Hyde was +particularly insubordinate; and you were placed in arrest, because +Company 'D' was so disorderly."</p> + +<p>I remember this very well, and my servant standing at a respectful +distance, holding my sabre while I was under this temporary +cloud. The gallant commander of the "Irish Brigade," as +we called Company "H," shared the cloud with me; for he was +placed in arrest at the same time. Our sabres, however, were +returned to us before we got into the fight; and, in the evening +bivouac, our commander made us a most graceful apology over a +tin mug of "commissary."</p> + +<p>Buford's whole column was now concealed in the woods. The +cheerful clank and jingle of the cavalry was, by some means, +suppressed; there was no merry bugle breaking upon the still +hours of the night; and, as the moon threw deep shadows across +the quiet country road, there seemed no trace of "grim-visaged +war."</p> + +<p>At three o'clock in the morning, Captain Comey, with thirty +picked men from the Second Massachusetts, crept down to the +river-bank, to see that all was clear for the advance. He reported +a large force of cavalry in bivouac on the south side of the river, +quite unconscious of Buford's stealthy approach. Indeed, Jones' +Rebel cavalry brigade was only a short distance from the Ford, +while his wagons and artillery were parked even nearer to the +river. Fitz Hugh Lee, Robertson, and W. H. F. Lee were in +bivouac at various points within supporting distance of Jones; +while Wade Hampton was passing the night in picturesque reserve +at Fleetwood Hill.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[Page 6]</a></span>The spot was admirably adapted for a cavalry battle, the +country rolling along, with an occasional clump of woods and fine +open fields, toward Brandy Station, where the Rebel cavalry-chief, +Stuart, had pitched his head-quarters.</p> + +<p>The close proximity of Stuart's troopers was a little unexpected. +Their movement to Beverly Ford, it seems, was simultaneous with +our own.</p> + +<p>The plan was to have the enemy remain somewhere near Culpepper, +while Gregg's column advanced from Kelly's Ford, and +Buford's from Beverly Ford, the first bearing to the left, the latter +to the right, the two columns to form a junction near Brandy +Station. General Pleasanton then, having our entire force well +in hand, would make a determined attack upon Stuart's squadrons. +But it is the unexpected which must be looked for in war, and +the necessary tactics were quickly decided upon.</p> + +<p>Nearly the whole of Stuart's force was in our immediate front; +but they would be exposed to the disadvantage of a surprise, and, +having no infantry with them, our little brigade of rifles would be +doubly effective.</p> + +<p>General Pleasanton would be unable to control and harmonize +the movements of his two columns, being completely cut off from +General Gregg; but the latter was so well known as an able commander +and a hard fighter that the enemy was certain to be treated +again to a surprise in flank and rear, and would be thus diverted +from our front. And it seemed as if we might still succeed in +breaking up the enemy's cavalry.</p> + +<p>The situation had its advantages, in spite of the opinion of +some distinguished cavalry men; and "Forward!" was the word.</p> + +<p>As the hazy June morning dawned upon us, troopers appeared +to rise out of the ground and swarm out of the woods, till the +whole country seemed alive with cavalry; and Ames' picked +rifles took their place in the column.</p> + +<p>The early morning mist, hanging upon the river banks, concealed +our approach.</p> + +<p class="poem"> +"In both our armies, there is many a soul<br /> +Shall pay full dearly for this encounter,<br /> +If once they join in trial."<br /> +</p> + +<p>The gallant and lamented Colonel Davis led the way with the +Eighth New York Cavalry, dashing over the Ford and surprising<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Page 7]</a></span> +the enemy's pickets, who fell back upon Jones' exposed artillery +and wagons.</p> + +<p>The Rebels were panic-stricken at the sudden approach of the +"Yankee" cavalry; and great confusion ensued. But the alarm +quickly spread, and part of Jones' troopers were soon in the +saddle, charging furiously down upon the Eighth New York, who +broke; and, before Colonel Davis could turn to rally his leading +regiment, a Rebel soldier sprang from behind a tree and shot him +dead. But the avenging sabre of Lieutenant Parsons (Davis' +adjutant) severed the poor fellow's connection with this life.</p> + +<p>Colonel Davis was a serious loss to the "Cavalry Corps,"—a +graduate of West Point, an accomplished officer, a universal +favorite,—and, although a Southerner, he stuck to the flag he had +sworn to defend.</p> + +<p>Meantime, the Eighth Illinois Cavalry had gained the southern +bank, and rushed upon Jones' people, driving them back upon +the main body, who were forming in the rear of a bit of wood. +Colonel Davis was borne back in a blanket as General Pleasanton, +who had accompanied our column in person, arrived at the river +bank.</p> + +<p>The Third Indiana Cavalry followed the Eighth Illinois; and +Ames' men were now crossing under the eye of the distinguished +group of horsemen, to one of whom (Colonel F. C. Newhall, +afterward of Sheridan's staff) I am indebted for the following +description:—</p> + +<div class="quote"><p>General Buford was there, with his usual smile. He rode a gray +horse, at a slow walk generally, and smoked a pipe, no matter what was +going on around him; and it was always reassuring to see him in the +saddle when there was any chance of a fight.</p> + +<p>General Pleasanton's staff was partly composed of men who became +distinguished. The Adjutant General was A. J. Alexander, of Kentucky, +a very handsome fellow, who was afterward a Brigadier General +with Thomas, in the West. Among the aides was Captain Farnsworth, +Eighth Illinois Cavalry, who so distinguished himself in the coming +battle, and in the subsequent operations south of the Potomac, that he +was made a Brigadier General, and with that rank fell at Gettysburg, +at the head of a brigade of cavalry which he had commanded but a few +days. Another aide was the brilliant Custer, then a lieutenant, whose +career and lamented death there is no need to recall. Another was +Lieutenant R. S. McKenzie, of the engineers, now General McKenzie +of well-won fame, the youngest colonel of the regular army; and still +another was Ulric Dahlgren. General Pleasanton had certainly no lack +of intelligence, dash, and hard-riding to rely on in those about him.</p> +</div> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[Page 8]</a></span></p> + +<p>The infantry had now cleared the woods of the enemy's +troopers, who were deceived as to the number of our rifles, and +showed no inclination to expose men and horses to the deadly +fire of experienced infantry skirmishers.</p> + +<p>The old, time-honored Second Dragoons, the Fifth Regulars, +and that crack young regiment, the Sixth Pennsylvania Cavalry +(forming what was known as the "Reserve Brigade"), were massing +on the southern bank of the river. The sharp report of infantry +rifles, the rising smoke, and the thousand indescribable +sounds, with the tramp of fresh cavalry pressing forward to take +their part in the fray, showed that the battle was now waging in +good earnest. The wounded arrived more rapidly at the ford, +stretcher-bearers plying their trade in the hot sun.</p> + +<p>The soft, dewy grass of the morning was now kicked and +trampled into dry dust. The infantry held the enemy in the open +space beyond the woods; while Buford hurled his squadrons, with +drawn sabres, upon the Rebel cavalry on the right and left.</p> + +<p>A sabre charge, with both sides going at top speed, is, perhaps, +the most exciting and picturesque combination of force, nerve, +and courage that can be imagined. The commanding officers +leading in conspicuous advance; the rush, the thunder of horses' +hoofs; the rattle of arms and equipments,—all mingling with the +roar of voices, while the space rapidly lessens between the approaching +squadrons. The commanders who were seen, a moment +before, splendidly mounted, dashing on at racing speed, +turning in the saddle to look back at the tidal wave which they +are leading, disappear in a cloud of sabres, clashing and cutting; +but the fight is partly obscured by the rising dust and the mist +from the over-heated animals. Riderless horses come, wounded +and trembling, out of the mêlée; others appear, running in fright, +carrying dying troopers still sitting their chargers, the head drooping +on the breast, the sword-arm hanging lifeless, the blood-stained +sabre dangling from the wrist, tossing, swinging, and cutting the +poor animal's flanks, goading him on in his aimless flight. In +this moment of intense excitement, the Rebels give way on the +left. Our troopers follow in hot pursuit. On they go, over the +dead and dying. At the sound of the "recall," back they come, +to take breath and re-form at the rallying ground to which Ames'<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Page 9]</a></span> +skirmishers move forward, to regain their connection and establish +a more advanced line of battle. Although the infantry occupied +the centre of the line, their operations were not confined to this +point. They were sent in small detachments to different parts of +the field, to support artillery, and, at times, even to engage the +enemy, when opportunity offered. The line officers bore a +thorough test of their experience and training during a day of +perpetual activity.</p> + +<p>The "Reserve Brigade" had gone into action. There were to +be no fresh troops in waiting. Every one was needed at the +front.</p> + +<p>The Rebels made desperate attempts to capture the ford, and +pressed us hard on the right. This part of our line made little +progress, and was forced at times to assume simply the defensive.</p> + +<p>Two squadrons of the Second Dragoons were withdrawn to +assist in covering the approaches to the ford.</p> + +<p>The Rebels made another desperate charge. It seemed, this +time, as if they would carry all before them. But we stood our +ground, and opened on them at close quarters with the guns; and +Ames' men plied their rifles, making every bullet tell. The +enemy lost heavily, and came to a stand. The Dragoons dropped +their carbines, and, drawing sabres, rushed upon them, driving +them off in confusion.</p> + +<p>It was hot work all along the line; and, although our cavalry +suffered severely at times, nothing could surpass their gallant +conduct.</p> + +<p>The Sixth Pennsylvania, in charging the enemy near St. James' +Church, were badly punished by the Rebel artillery, and had to +withdraw with heavy loss of officers, men, and horses. Their +gallant commander, Major Morris, whose horse fell upon him, +was left a prisoner in the enemy's hands. The Second Dragoons +also suffered severely at this point.</p> + +<p>Much to our relief, the enemy now appeared to be attacked in +the rear, as they made no further attempt to capture the ford, and +the force in our front was evidently reduced.</p> + +<p>A Rebel battery now opened from a bit of woods about six +hundred yards in front, while we were making disposition to +advance our right, and our guns unlimbered upon a knoll in the +open fields in front and to the right of the ford; and a lively cannonade +ensued. I was skirmishing nearer to the centre of the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[Page 10]</a></span> +line with my own company and Company "F," the latter under +command of Captain, then Lieutenant, Parker, and was ordered +with these two companies to support the guns on the knoll. On +the way, I was joined by Colonel, then Captain, Stevenson of the +Third Wisconsin, who had been ordered to the same duty. General +Buford and some staff officers were standing near the guns, +their horses awaiting them in the rear, where the artillery horses +had taken refuge.</p> + +<p>Part of the Tenth Virginia Cavalry were on foot behind a +stone wall down in the open fields in front; and they endeavored +to interfere with us as much as possible while we were +posting Lieutenant Parker with two men as a "lookout" to +apprise us of any movement on the part of the enemy. They had +already annoyed our artillery very much, popping at them with +their carbines.</p> + +<p>Captain Stevenson and I lay down with our companies in the +usual position of artillery supports, about thirty yards in rear, +while our guns belched forth their fire and smoke, and the +enemy's shells came howling overhead and bursting behind us +with that spiteful, sharp, clean-cut bang which we used to know so +well.</p> + +<p>Having nothing to do as yet but smoke our pipes, we lolled on +the grass and studied our cavalry friends. Custer was the most +striking figure in the group, with his fanciful uniform, his long +hair, and spirited manner. He seemed to enjoy the shelling, and +appeared to beam all over, almost dancing with excitement.</p> + +<p>Other staff officers arrived from time to time, and, plunging into +the group, on their reeking horses, spoke to General Buford, and +then dashed away again. The fight seemed still going on in the +centre and on the left, which had advanced considerably; but our +view was somewhat obstructed by clumps of woods.</p> + +<p>General Buford, whom we had never seen before, impressed us +with his commanding presence and his manly and picturesque +simplicity of dress. He looked as if his division might idolize +him, as it was said they did. He seemed much annoyed at the +Tenth Virginia Cavalry behind the wall, and at last summoned +the commander of the infantry supports. Although Stevenson +commanded, he wished me to assist at the audience; and we were +at the General's side in a moment, looking over the guns at the +surrounding country.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[Page 11]</a></span>"Do you see those people down there?" says Buford: "they've +got to be driven out. Do you think you can do it?"</p> + +<p>We looked up and down the line, and rested our gaze upon a +wheat-field on the left of the stone wall (the enemy's right).</p> + +<p>"It's about double our force," says Stevenson.</p> + +<p>"Fully that," I replied, "if not more."</p> + +<p>We looked again at the wheat-field, for that was the key to +the position. Something was said about "flanking" and "enfilading +'em."</p> + +<p>"Mind," said the General, "I don't order you; but, if you think +you can do it, go in."</p> + +<p>We thought we could. It would hardly do to back out in the +presence of so distinguished a cavalry audience, if there was a +chance of success. A number of the staff had gathered round +to hear our conversation, and showed a great deal of interest at +the prospect of a little "side show," at which they would have +orchestra chairs, front row.</p> + +<p>The General, with this group around him, was drawing the fire +of the stone wall people, and was urged to keep out of range, +while the rest of us scattered to less dangerous positions. Some +of the staff came back and watched the men "fall in," as if to +see us off. Custer showed much interest, and evidently would +have enjoyed going with us.</p> + +<p>We struck back into the country, and took a circuitous route +behind hedges and through corn-fields, Stevenson and myself running +on together, and the men following with their rifles as low as +possible, and crouching along to avoid attracting any notice.</p> + +<p>We planned the attack as we went along, instructing sergeants, +who in turn fell back and gave orders to the men. Upon arriving +at the wheat-field, we all hugged the ground. Ten picked marksmen +now crawled forward with me into the wheat, while Captain +Stevenson deployed the rest of the men into as long a skirmish +line as their numbers would permit.</p> + +<p>We despatched a messenger to notify Lieutenant Parker, whom +we had left near the guns, to join us at once. In justice to Parker, +I must say that he hated to be left out of a fight.</p> + +<p>The ten marksmen crawled on through the wheat, till they were +almost "on the end" of the enemy's line; and then, crowding +together so as to rake the line, they fired at the signal, with terrible +accuracy.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[Page 12]</a></span>The Rebels were completely surprised, but turned and delivered +a scattering fire. My excellent Sergeant Nutting fell into my +arms mortally wounded. He was all pluck to the last moment. +Although he could not speak, he showed signs of wishing to bid +us good-by, and was evidently gratified at the manner in which we +tenderly shook him by the hand. It was a success for the company, +but the men all seemed to share my own feeling that it was +dearly bought at such a price.</p> + +<p>Meantime, Captain Stevenson was advancing through the wheat; +and, as soon as my party fired, he began making noise enough for +two regiments. We sprang over the fence into the open field; +and there we found Lieutenant Parker standing on the stone wall, +pistol in hand, with his two men and the messenger, demanding +"unconditional surrender."</p> + +<p>We could not help being amused at Parker's sudden appearance; +but he explained that he was afraid that he would be too +late, and so "charged the stone wall in front, and took the +chances."</p> + +<p>Stevenson's men were coming over the fence all the way down +the wheat; and the enemy, utterly deceived as to our numbers, +had already commenced dropping their weapons and giving themselves +up. We hurried them off as rapidly as possible, and gave +all the care we could to the wounded. Some of the Rebels at the +other end of the wall tried to escape; but Stevenson had swung +his line round so promptly that he covered them at short range, +and persuaded the runaways to come in. Having killed, wounded, +and captured the entire party, we retired to a rising ground to the +left of our own guns, and covered the approaches to the stone +wall by posting some sharp-shooters with their pieces sighted at +three hundred yards. At this distance, two of the enemy's dismounted +troopers were killed. This seemed to be sufficient warning +to the rest, who made no further attempt to occupy the stone +wall.</p> + +<p>General Buford now advanced the right of the line, and pressed +forward, driving the enemy's cavalry before him toward Fleetwood +Hill. General Gregg, who had relieved us at such a critical +moment by diverting the enemy from our front, had crossed +Kelly's Ford at daylight with little opposition, and left General +Russell with his infantry to guard the lower fords.</p> + +<p>Colonel Duffie's division was sent to Stevensburg, where they<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[Page 13]</a></span> +encountered the enemy, and drove them through and beyond the +town, with our friends of the First Massachusetts Cavalry in the +advance; and here Colonel Duffie remained, according to the +original plan.</p> + +<p>General Gregg pushed on toward Brandy Station with Kilpatrick's +and Windham's brigades. The latter attacked the Rebel +cavalry so promptly that they were scarcely ready for him. +Stuart's head-quarters were captured and important despatches +fell into our hands, with valuable information as to the enemy's +plans. Windham and Kilpatrick were both hotly engaged as +troops were withdrawn from Buford's front to resist them.</p> + +<p>Gregg's people fought hard, charging repeatedly with the sabre, +and gradually gaining the crest of Fleetwood Hill. The Sixth +New York Light Battery did their full share of work.</p> + +<p>More troops were withdrawn from Buford's front; and, at last, +General Gregg, finding himself overmatched, withdrew to the foot +of the hill, leaving two guns in the enemy's hands. Colonel H. S. +Thomas describes the cannoneers reluctantly obeying the order to +leave the guns, some of the men actually shedding tears.</p> + +<p>Meanwhile, General Buford continued to push the enemy toward +Fleetwood, and again the Rebels began to resist us more stubbornly. +Both sides charged repeatedly with the sabre, and at +times dismounted to fight behind stone walls, Ames' rifles making +themselves generally useful at various points in the field.</p> + +<p>In one very spirited charge of the Second Dragoons, General +Merritt, then a captain, rode impetuously on, not hearing the +recall, followed by Lieutenant Quirk. He noticed a prominent +Rebel officer, and, riding toward him, bringing his sabre to a +point, he innocently remarked, "Colonel, you are my prisoner!" +The officer made a cut at his head: Merritt, dexterously parrying +the cut, only lost his hat. His opponent turned out to be Colonel, +afterward, General Wade Hampton. Lieutenant Quirk called out +to Merritt, "We're surrounded!" and, sure enough, a Rebel ring +had formed to see the "Yankee" officer brought down. But +Merritt and Quirk had not been taught to ride for nothing, and +galloped safely back into our lines, amid a shower of pistol +bullets.</p> + +<p>General Rodenbough, then a captain, and many others of the +cavalry, had personal encounters, in which they proved themselves +to be excellent swordsmen.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[Page 14]</a></span>As our two columns drew nearer together, both aiming for +Fleetwood Hill, the junction was at last accomplished; and +General Gregg rode into our lines, reporting a heavy force of +Rebel infantry pouring into Brandy Station from Culpepper by +rail.</p> + +<p>General Pleasanton not caring to encounter the Rebel infantry, +especially after a day of such hard pounding, ordered General +Gregg to withdraw by way of Rappahannock Station; and Colonel +Newhall was sent to tell Buford to stop fighting, and go home by +way of Beverly Ford.</p> + +<p>The operation of withdrawal was accomplished without interference, +the enemy contenting themselves with looking on from a +respectful distance. As we approached Beverly Ford, the First +Regular Cavalry turned up, eager for the fray. They had been off +on some detached duty and were too late for any of the fun, so +General Pleasanton had them all deployed as mounted skirmishers +to cover the crossing of the troops.</p> + +<p>The scene at the ford was very picturesque. A lovely sunset +shed its cool light over the long columns of cavalry winding their +way toward the river, and the mounted skirmishers were thrown in +bold relief against the brilliant sky.</p> + +<p>Captain Comey took his old position again, with his little band +of thirty men, on the north bank of the river, and remained there +till morning, when he rejoined the regiment.</p> + +<p>Our bivouac the night of the battle was unusually cheerful, for +we had brought every officer of "ours" safely out of the fight +alive and well. Even Captain Frank Crowninshield, who generally +got a bullet into him somewhere, came off, like the Irishman +at the fair, with only a hole in the crown of his hat.</p> + +<p>Many a fence rail was burned to give light to the conference +which was held over the events of the day. We had been so +separated during the fight that the experiences of each one had to +be presented to the assemblage in turn; and, with the assistance of +some of the Third Wisconsin officers, the comparing of notes was +extended far into the night.</p> + +<p>Our forces had gained all they set out to accomplish. The +momentous cavalry schemes of the enemy were frustrated, and +their troopers had been severely punished by cavalry which they +had always considered inferior to their own.</p> + +<p>The disheartening effect throughout the Confederacy may be<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[Page 15]</a></span> +guessed by the following extract from a diary kept by Mr. I. D. +Jones, the Rebel War Clerk at Richmond:—</p> + +<p class="quote"><i>June 12.</i>—The surprise of Stuart on the Rappahannock has chilled +every heart, notwithstanding it does not appear that we lost more than +the enemy in the encounter. The question is on every tongue, Have our +generals relaxed in vigilance? If so, sad is the prospect.</p> + +<p>After the long period of mismanagement, disaster, sacrifice, +blood, and tears through which the Army of the Potomac had +passed, with steadiness of purpose and undaunted courage which +has never been surpassed, the turning-point came, at last, in the +brilliant conflict at Beverly Ford, or "Fleetwood," as the Rebel +chief, Stuart, called it.</p> + +<p>It was a severe blow to the enemy's cavalry at the right moment, +and was productive of important results, being followed by +Pleasanton in the battles of Aldie, Middleburg, and Upperville, +holding Stuart in check and keeping Hooker fully informed as to +the movements of the enemy; while General Lee was in constant +anxiety and in want of information during his march up the +Cumberland Valley and, in fact, during the whole of the Gettysburg +campaign. On the 27th of June, General Hooker requested +to be relieved, and General Mead assumed command of the Army +of the Potomac.</p> + +<p>This change of commanders was accomplished while the two +great armies were in motion. There was no excitement over it. +The Army of the Potomac was not very sorry to part with General +Hooker, nor specially pleased to be commanded by Mead. On +the whole, they had more confidence in the latter; but the main +object was to beat Lee.</p> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of History of the Second Massachusetts +Regiment of Infantry: Beverly Ford., by Daniel Oakey + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BEVERLY FORD *** + +***** This file should be named 22586-h.htm or 22586-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/2/2/5/8/22586/ + +Produced by Tamise Totterdell and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was +produced from images generously made available by The +Internet Archive/American Libraries.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +http://gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at http://www.pglaf.org. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at +http://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at http://pglaf.org + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit http://pglaf.org + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. +To donate, please visit: http://pglaf.org/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart is the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + http://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. + + +</pre> + +</body> +</html> |