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diff --git a/22378-h/22378-h.htm b/22378-h/22378-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b74e012 --- /dev/null +++ b/22378-h/22378-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,1274 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<html> +<head> + + + + + + <title>Cervantes e Portugal: Curiosidade Litteraria</title> + <meta name="AUTHOR" content="Carlos Barroso"> + + + + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> + + + + <style type="text/css"> +body {width: 80%; margin-left:10%} +h1, h2, h3, h4 { text-align: center} +h1 {margin: 2em; text-align: center} +h2, h4 {margin-top: 2em} +.author {font-family: serif; font-style:italic; font-weight: bold} +.smallcaps {font-variant: small-caps} +.ficha_tecnica {text-align:center} +.indice {text-align:left; margin-left: 40%} +.quote { +margin-left: 5%; +margin-right: 5%; +} + </style> +</head> + + +<body> + + +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Cervantes e Portugal, by Carlos Barroso + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Cervantes e Portugal + curiosidade litteraria + +Author: Carlos Barroso + +Release Date: August 23, 2007 [EBook #22378] + +Language: Portuguese + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CERVANTES E PORTUGAL *** + + + + +Produced by Rita Farinha and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was +produced from images generously made available by National +Library of Portugal (Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal).) + + + + + + +</pre> + + + +<h1>CERVANTES +E +PORTUGAL</h1> + + +<h1><br> + + +CURIOSIDADE LITTERARIA</h1> + + +<h1><br> + + +POR</h1> + + +<h1><br> + + +CARLOS BARROSO</h1> + + +<h1><br> + + +</h1> + + +<h2>DEDICADA AO RESPEITAVEL +DR. E. W. THEBUSSËM<br> + + +BARÃO DE THIRMENTH +</h2> + + +<h2>LISBOA<br> + + +ANNO 325 DO NASCIMENTO DO AUTOR DE D. QUIXOTE</h2> + + +<br> + + +<br> + + +<br> + + +<h1>CERVANTES E PORTUGAL</h1> + + +<br style="font-style: italic;"> + + +<div style="margin-left: 160px;"><span style="font-style: italic;">Los libros de +caballería son la protesta contra el +feudalismo, y Cervantes la gran estátua que corona +el renacimiento.</span><br> + + +</div> + + +<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 800px;">Emilio +Castelar.<br> + + +</div> + + +<br> + + +<br> + + +Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra appellidado por seus compatriotas, +o <em>Manco de Lepanto</em>, por ter sido mutilado +n'aquelle +celebre combate naval, segundo consta de sua biographia +veio a Lisboa com Phelippe II em 1581 onde se namorou +de certa dama incognita e de quem teve uma filha, +cujo nome foi Isabel de Saavedra. Suppõe-se que seus amores +na côrte lusitana lhe inspiraram a linda novella pastoril +da <em>Galatea</em>, onde o autor figura +disfarçado no pegureiro +Lauso que suspira pela formosa pastora Silena. O escriptor +de tão bello idyllio assistiu á tomada das Ilhas +Terceiras +pelo marquez de Santa Cruz.<br> + + +<br> + + +<hr> +<br> + + +Começarei as minhas investigações pelo +prologo do famoso +poema critico <em>D. Quijote</em>.<br> + + +<br> + + +Alli dedica Cervantes um merecido elogio ao famoso rio +Tejo que beija as praias da inclita cidade de Ulysses, e cujas +arêas consta da tradicção serem de +ouro.<br> + + +<br> + + +Percorrendo esta obra digna de ser lida por todos os que +se prezam de verdadeiros litteratos, deparamos no capitulo +6.º da sua 1.ª parte, que entre os livros que +adornavam a +bibliotheca do engenhoso fidalgo, se encontraram além de +outros de autores portuguezes o <em>Palmeirim de Inglaterra</em>, +cuja composição se attribue a um <em>discreto</em> +rei +de Portugal, +e tambem a <em>Diana</em> de Jorge de Montemayor.<br> + + +<br> + + +Quando o Heroe da Mancha exalta a imaginaria gerarquia +da senhora de seus pensamentos D. Dulcinea do Taboso, +afirma que não é oriunda de outras familias +celeberrimas de +Hespanha que menciona, nem mesmo dos Alencastros, Pallas +e Menezes de Portugal.<br> + + +<br> + + +O pastor Lope Ruiz, com cuja historia entretem Sancho +Pança o seu temerario amo, ao fugir da ingrata Torralva, +detem-se nas margens do Guadiana antes de passar com seu +rebanho para Portugal.<br> + + +<br> + + +O reino da princeza Micomicona era maior que Portugal +e Castella juntos.<br> + + +<br> + + +Na 2.ª parte, suppõe o escudeiro de D. Quixote que +mais +de 12:000 exemplares da historia de seu valente patrão, se +achavam n'aquelle tempo impressos, e afirma como testemunhas +do que refere a Portugal, Barcelona e Valencia.<br> + + +<br> + + +O rio Guadiana entra <em>pomposo</em> e <em>grande</em> +em Portugal. +Na profunda e tenebrosa cova de Montesinos promette o <em>caballero de los leones</em> +á sua phantastica +amante, andar +por +causa d'ella as sete partidas do mundo com mais pontualidade +que o infante D. Pedro de Portugal.<br> + + +<br> + + +Para provar a verdade da existencia dos cavalheiros andantes, +diz o da Triste Figura ao conego de Toledo: «Si no +diganme tambien que no es verdad que fué caballero andante +el valiente lusitano Juan de Merlo, que fué á +Borgoña, +y se combatió en la ciudad de Ras con el famoso +señor +de Charny, llamado Mosen Enrique de Remestan, saliendo +de entrambas empresas vencedor y lleno de honrosa +fama.»<br> + + +<br> + + +Era do <em>excelentisimo</em> Camões uma das +eclogas que haviam +de representar as pastoras em cujas redes se embaraçou +o pensativo escravo de Dulcinea. +<br> + + +<br> + + +<hr> +<br> + + +Passando do primor de Cervantes á sua quasi rival Galatea, +lê-se que o pae da linda heroina das margens do aurifero +Tejo, intenta prendel-a com os laços de hymineo a um +pastor lusitano das ribeiras do deleitoso Lima. Que bellos +são os versos da apaixonada amante de Erastro quando ao +despedir-se do seu dourado rio, canta:<br> + + +<br> + + +<div style="text-align: center;"> +<div style="text-align: left; margin-left: 320px;">«¡Que +tengo de despedirme<br> + + +De ver el Tajo dorado!<br> + + +¡Que ha de quedar mi ganado,<br> + + +Y yo triste he de partirme!»<br> + + +</div> + + +<br> + + +<div style="text-align: left;">É pena que +tão deslumbrante +producção ficasse por acabar +e que o leitor ignore se os zagaes do manso Henares +chegaram a rechassar o pastor estranho. +<br> + + +</div> + + +</div> + + +<br> + + +<hr> +<br> + + +Passemos ás <em>Novellas Exemplares</em>.<br> + + +<br> + + +Na da <em>Hespanhola ingleza</em>, Ricaredo depois de +separar-se +de Isabella, seguindo a derrota das Ilhas Terceiras, em que +sempre se encontravam navios portuguezes das Indias Orientaes, +approxima-se com effeito de um carregado de especiarias +e de tantas perolas e diamantes, que valiam mais de +um milhão de ouro, e levava trezentas pessoas, ao qual +abastece +de artilheria por tel-a alijado durante uma tespestade.<br> + + +<br> + + +Quando Isabella parte para Hespanha, promette o capitão +do baixel á rainha de Inglaterra de aportar a Lisboa, Cadix +ou Sevilha.<br> + + +<br> + + +No <em>Licenciado Vidraça</em> observa-se a +anecdota do portuguez +que pintava as barbas de negro, o qual altercando com +um castelhano disse-lhe: «por estas barbas que tenho no +rosto», a quem redarguiu o licenceado: +«não digaes tenho, +dizei <em>tiño</em> (palavra hespanhola que em +portuguez equivale a +<em>tinjo</em>).<br> + + +<br> + + +Na <em>Força do sangue</em>, o arrebatador da +honra de Leocadia +afim que ella para o futuro o desconhecesse inteiramente, +ao deixal-a com os olhos vendados junto á egreja da +praça, +muda a voz e annuncia-lhe em lingua meio portugueza e +meio castelhana, que póde d'alli ir para casa de seus paes.<br> + + +<br> + + +No <em>Zelloso extremenho</em>, diz Loaysa ao negro guarda +da jovem +esposa do velho Carrizales, que sabia cantigas capazes +de fazer pasmar até aos portuguezes.<br> + + +<br> + + +A negra Guiomar era portugueza.<br> + + +<br> + + +No <em>Colloquio dos cães</em>, Berganza +vitupera os que fallando +mal o latim introduzem sua ruim linguagem qual cobre dourado +nas conversações eruditas, como os portuguezes +fazem +com os pretos de Guiné.<br> + + +<br> + + +Na <em>Tia fingida</em>, ha a seguinte phrase que acho +muito graciosa: +«á poco rato vieron venir una reverenda matrona, +con unas tocas blancas como la nieve, mas largas que sobrepelliz +de canónigo portugués.»<br> + + +<br> + + +Ao descrever-se na mesma novella o caracter de todos os +povos da peninsula, tambem se menciona o dos portuguezes, +ainda que de um modo pouco lisongeiro.<br> + + +<br> + + +<hr><br> + + +É em Lisboa que o barbaro hespanhol embarca para Inglaterra.<br> + + +<br> + + +Em lingua portugueza canta o namorado Manuel de Sousa +Coutinho seus amores por que morre depois de os relatar, +e cuja narração occupa todo o capitulo X do livro +I dos <em>Trabalhos +de Persiles e Segismunda</em>.<br> + + +<br> + + +Na interessantissima parte 3.ª dos mesmos presenceamos +a chegada a Portugal e desembarque dos viajantes na praia +de Belem, d'onde se dirigem á <em>famosa</em> +Lisboa, cujos ricos +templos e hospitaes são celebrados. A seguinte passagem +merece ser lida em seu primitivo idioma: «aqui el amor y +la honestidad se dan las manos, y se pasean juntos; la +cortesía no deja que se le llegue la arrogancia, y la +braveza +no consiente que se le acerque la cobardía: todos sus +moradores son agradables, son corteses, son liberales y son +enamorados, porque son discretos: la ciudad es la mayor +de Europa y la de mayores tratos; en ella se descargan +las riquezas del Oriente y desde ella se reparten por el universo; +su puerto es capaz, no solo de naves que se puedan +reducir á número, sino de selvas movibles de +árboles +que los de las naves forman: la hermosura de las mujeres +admira y enamora, la bizarría de los hombres pasma, +como ellos dicen; finalmente, esta es la tierra que da al +cielo santo y copiosísimo tributo.»<br> + + +<br> + + +Em S. Julião, que no original se vê escripto +<em>Sangian</em>, é +revistado o navio em que vinham os peregrinos. A formosura +de Auristela e a galhardia de Periandro são o alvo da +admiração do governador do castello e de seus +habitantes.<br> + + +<br> + + +Não se esquecem os devotos peregrinos de visitar o historico +mosteiro de Santa Maria, e dirigindo-se depois por terra +á capital, constantemente acompanhados <em>de plebeya +y +cortesana +gente</em> encontram-se por acaso com um dos vinte fugitivos +da ilha selvagem, que tendo presenceado a morte do +desditoso Coutinho, volvera á patria, e dera conta do +successo +aos parentes do fallescido, que o accreditaram <em>por tener +casi en costumbre el morir de amores los portugueses</em>, +mandando depois d'esta noticia fabricar um tumulo de marmore +branco, e como se n'elle estivesse enterrado, applicou-lhe +seu irmão uma lapide na qual se lia a seguinte +inscripção +em portuguez, que traduzida do castelhano reza assim:<br> + + +<br> + + +<div style="text-align: center;">AQUI +JAZ VIVA A MEMORIA<br> + + +DO JÁ MORTO<br> + + +MANUEL DE SOUSA COUTINHO,<br> + + +CAVALHEIRO PORTUGUEZ,<br> + + +QUE SE NÃO FOSSE PORTUGUEZ AINDA VIVERA.<br> + + +NÃO MORREU ÁS MÃOS<br> + + +DE NENHUM CASTELHANO,<br> + + +MAS SIM ÁS DO AMOR, QUE TUDO PÓCE;<br> + + +PROCURA SABER SUA VIDA,<br> + + +E INVEJARÁS SUA MORTE,<br> + + +PASSAGEIRO.<br> + + +<br> + + +<div style="text-align: left;">O qual +lido por Periandro +confirmou que excede na +composição +de epitaphios a gente da nação portugueza.<br> + + +<br> + + +O cavalleiro que entrega o menino recemnascido a Ricla, +diz-lhe que seus inimigos o perseguem, e que se por alli passarem +e lhe perguntarem por elle, diga-lhes que apenas tinha +visto tres ou quatro homens a cavallo que iam gritando +<em>á Portugal, á Portugal</em>.<br> + + +<br> + + +Mais adiante conta o polaco as suas aventuras em Lisboa, +onde inopinadamente mata certo fidalgo, filho de uma senhora, +em cuja casa se refugia o assassino para subtrahir-se +á justiça; a mãe do assassinado sem +saber do caso, esconde-o +por detraz dos tapetes de sua mesma alcova, tem a generosidade +de não o entregar á justiça depois de +saber do +crime que o seu protegido havia commettido, e para não +faltar á hospitalidade perdôa-lhe, e +dá-lhe fuga pela porta +occulta de seu jardim.<br> + + +<br> + + +Ao fallar Cervantes de Valencia e de suas lindas mulheres, +diz que é gracioso o dialecto valenciano, e que +só com +o idioma portuguez <em>puede competir en ser dulce y agradable</em>.<br> + + +<br> + + +O sumptuoso palacio de Manases em que se hospedaram +os peregrinos em Roma achava-se situado junto ao arco de +Portugal.<br> + + +<br> + + +Emfim, o retrato da bellissima Auristela feito em Lisboa +por um pintor portuguez, foi por outro pintor comprado em +França e d'alli transportado á Hespanha.<br> + + +</div> + + +</div> + + +<br> + + +<hr><br> + + +Na <em>Viagem do Parnaso</em>, canto IV, depois de +descrever o +autor a deidade que personifica a Poesia, e de dizer que o +Sul lhe brinda perolas, Sabea perfumes, o Tiber ouro, e Hibla +suavidade, continúa:<br> + + +<br> + + +<div style="margin-left: 40px;"> +<div style="margin-left: 280px;">«Galas +Milan, y +lusitania amores.»<br> + + +</div> + + +<br> + + +</div> + + +Mais adiante e no mesmo canto lê-se:<br> + + +<br> + + +<div style="margin-left: 320px;">«Aquel +discreto +Juan de Basconcellos<br> + + +Venia delante en un caballo bayo,<br> + + +Dando á las musas lusitanas celos.<br> + + +<br> + + +</div> + + +E pouco depois:<br> + + +<br> + + +<div style="margin-left: 320px;">«Así +como las naves que cargadas<br> + + +Llegan de la oriental India á Lisboa,<br> + + +Que son por las mayores estimadas;<br> + + +Esta llegó desde la popa á proa<br> + + +Cubierta de poetas, mercancia<br> + + +De quien hay saca en Calicut y en Goa.<br> + + +<br> + + +</div> + + +E elogiando a alguns poetas diz no canto VII:<br> + + +<br> + + +<div style="margin-left: 320px;">«De +la alta +cumbre del famoso Pindo<br> + + +Bajaron tres bizarros lusitanos,<br> + + +A quien mis álabanzas todas rindo<br> + + +</div> + + +<div style="margin-left: 360px;">Con +prestos pies y con +valientes manos<br> + + +</div> + + +<div style="margin-left: 320px;">Con +Fernando Correa de La +Cerda<br> + + +Pisó Rodriguez Lobo monte y llanos.<br> + + +<div style="margin-left: 40px;">Y +porque Febo su razon no +pierda,<br> + + +</div> + + +El grande Don Antonio de Ataide<br> + + +Llegó con furia alborotada y cuerda.<br> + + +<br> + + +</div> + + +Entre os sonetos que compoz Cervantes, observa-se +um +dirigido ao marquez de Santa Cruz que se apoderou das ilhas +dos Açores.<br> + + +<br> + + +<hr><br> + + +Em conclusão; nos seus onze entremezes só duas +cousas +se lêem referentes a Portugal, e ambas no da <em>Guarda +cuidadosa</em>, +em que apparece um vendedor ambulante que entre +outras cousas apregoa <em>hilo portugués</em>, +e varias scenas +depois +um soldado que menciona a grande peça de Diu existente +em Lisboa, não sei se no Arsenal do Exercito. São +estas +as suas palavras--«No habiéndome espantado ni +atemorizado +tiros maiores que el de Dio, que está en Lisboa.»<br> + + +<br> + + +O que me faz collegir que o dicto militar presenciou o +memoravel cêrco.<br> + + +<br> + + +<hr><br> + + +É isto tudo o que li relativo a Portugal nas obras do +immortal +critico das Hespanhas, e que fielmente relato, rogando +aos que lerem este folheto me desculpem a má linguagem +em que o escrevi em<br> + + +<br> + + +<div style="margin-left: 480px;">Lisboa, +aos 18 de +fevereiro de 1872.<br> + + +<br> + + +</div> + + +<br> + + +<h2>NOTA</h2> + + +<br> + + +Referindo-se a Bento Caldera (portuguez) primeiro traductor +dos Lusiadas em castelhano, diz o sr. visconde de +Jurumenha na sua bella edição das obras do +immortal Luiz +de Camões, 1860, as seguintes palavras: «O celebre +Miguel +de Cervantes Saavedra fez menção da +traducção e traductor +n'estes versos na sua <em>Galatea</em> liv. VI, <em>Canto +de Caliope</em>.<br> + + +<br> + + +<div style="margin-left: 320px;">Tu +que de luso el +singular tesoro<br> + + +Irigiste en nueva forma á la ribera<br> + + +Del fertil rio, á quien el lecho de oro<br> + + +Tan famoso le hace adonde quiera;<br> + + +Con el devido aplauso, y el decoro<br> + + +Devido á ti, Benito de Caldera,<br> + + +Y á tu ingenio sin par prometo honrarte,<br> + + +Y de lauro, y de hiedra coronarte.<br> + + +<br> + + +<br> + + +<br> + + +</div> + + +<div style="text-align: center;">FINIS +CORONAT OPUS. +</div> + + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Cervantes e Portugal, by Carlos Barroso + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CERVANTES E PORTUGAL *** + +***** This file should be named 22378-h.htm or 22378-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/2/2/3/7/22378/ + +Produced by Rita Farinha and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was +produced from images generously made available by National +Library of Portugal (Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal).) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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