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diff --git a/22368-h/22368-h.htm b/22368-h/22368-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a66e963 --- /dev/null +++ b/22368-h/22368-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,3534 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<html> +<head> + <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"> + <title>The Project Gutenberg ebook of De francicæ linguæ recta pronuntiatione by Theodore Beza</title> + <meta name="author" content="Theodore Beza"> + +<style type="text/css"> +<!-- + +body {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%} + +h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {text-align: center;} +h2,h3,h4 {font-style: italic; font-weight: normal; margin-top: 2em;} + +.addr {font-style: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: -3em; margin-left: 3em;} +.addr:first-line {text-transform: uppercase; } + +p {text-align: justify} + +ins { border-bottom: dotted 2px; } + +blockquote {text-align: justify} + +.poem {margin-left:10%; margin-right:10%; text-align: left;} +.poem .stanza {margin: 1em 0em 1em 0em;} +.poem p {display: block; text-align: left; margin: 0; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} + +hr {width: 50%; text-align: center} + +.sc {font-variant: small-caps;} +.sm {font-size: smaller; } + +.r { text-align: right; } +.c { text-align: center; } + +.pagenum { position: absolute; left: 94%; text-align: right; + font-size: smaller; font-style: normal; +} + +.abbr { font-size: smaller; vertical-align: 20%;} + +b { font-style: normal; } + +.trnote { font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 95%; + padding: .5em; margin-left: 5%; margin-right: 5%; + border: dotted 1px; +} + +.ryth { vertical-align: 40%; font-size: smaller; letter-spacing: .1em; + /* font-family: sans-serif; */ +} + +ul { list-style-type: none; } + +--> +</style> + +</head> + +<body> + + +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of De francicae linguae recta pronuntiatione, by +Théodore de Bèze + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: De francicae linguae recta pronuntiatione + +Author: Théodore de Bèze + +Release Date: August 21, 2007 [EBook #22368] + +Language: Latin + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DE FRANCICAE LINGUAE RECTA *** + + + + +Produced by Laurent Vogel and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was +produced from images generously made available by the +Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF/Gallica) at +http://gallica.bnf.fr) + + + + + + +</pre> + +<span class="pagenum"> -1- </span> + +<h1><small>DE</small><br> +FRANCICÆ<br> +<small>LINGVÆ RECTA<br> +<small>PRONVNTIATIONE.</small></small></h1> + +<p class="c"><i>THEODORO BEZA<br> +auctore.</i></p> + + +<p class="c"><i>GENEVÆ,</i><br> +Apud Eustathium Vignon.</p> +<p class="c"><i>M. D. LXXXIIII.</i></p> +<span class="pagenum"> -2- </span> +<hr> +<span class="pagenum"> -3- </span> + + + +<h3 class="addr">ILLVSTRI et in primis generoso Domino,<br> +Domino Carolo, Baroni à Zerotin,<br> +Namestij, Rosicij, Brandaïsij, Domino,<br> +Theodorus Beza S.P. in Domino.</h3> + +<p><i>Tuorumne magis in +te institue<span class="abbr">n</span>do sapientiam, +an tuam in discendo dilige<span class="abbr">n</span>tiam +admirer nescio, +Illustris Domine Baro. Na<span class="abbr">m</span> +illi profectò sapientissimè +iudicarunt nobilibus præsertim +viris necessariam esse exterarum quoque +rerum cognitionem, quæ neque certiore +vlla ratione, neq<span class="abbr">ue</span> gratiore vllo labore, quàm +ipsarum regionum ac gentium inspectione +comparatur, modò sanum quidem iudicium +adhibeatur, tum in ijs fugiendis quæ nunqua<span class="abbr">m</span> +vidisse præstiterit, tum in ijs obseruandis +quorum notitia pietas, cæteræque virtutes +cum ætate adolescant. Tum verò vicissim, diuino +<span class="pagenum"> -4- </span> +quodam beneficio, & præstantissimi viri +tuíque monitoris Venceslai Lauinij consilijs +fretus, vsque adeò tibi non defuisti, vt paucissimos +esse arbitrer, vel ex majoribus etiam +natu, tecum in hac adhuc tenera ætate, siue +peregrinarum linguarum peritia, siue variarum +terra maríque gentium notitia conferendos. +Quòd sit reducem in patriam tam +preciosis vndique conuectis mercibus locupletem +cernere vel illi nunquam satis laudato +viro illustri tuo parenti, Domino Iohanni +procerum Marchionatus Morauiæ præcipuo, +vel omni virtute multo etia<span class="abbr">m</span> magis quàm genere +nobilitate patruo itidem tuo D. Iohanni +conspicere licuisset, Deus bone, quanta illi te +lætitia, tota ipsis congratulante patria, excepissent? +At illos Deus Opt. Max. in meliore +nunc quiete collocauit. Patria verò te, sat scio, +& in ea quidem imprimis illustris ille Dominus, +Dominus Fridericus, alter ex tuis duobus +patruis adhuc per Dei gratiam superstes, +velut intentis in te oculis, expectat: illud nimirum +sperans, in quo spem illius (fauente +Deo) non modo sustinebis, sed etiam longè latéque +superabis: fore nimirum vt, peracta tandem +vsque adeò diuturna peregrinatione, +majores illos tuos, splendida Morauiæ & vicinarum +<span class="pagenum"> -5- </span> +regionum lumina, præsertim quod +ad pietatem, cæterásque veras virtutes, attinet, +re diuiuos in te conspiciat: & reipsa, magno +cum ornamento & emolumento suo, donis +in te singulari Dei beneficio collatis aliquando +perfruatur. Et hæc quide<span class="abbr">m</span> Deus Opt. +Max. vtinam rata & firma esse velit. Cæterùm +cùm hanc quoque Ciuitatem & Ecclesiam +tum præsentia tua cohonestaris, tum etia<span class="abbr">m</span> +plurimis honestissimis exemplis illustraris, putaui +tibi minimè fore ingratum, si te à nobis +discedentem aliquo genere officij prosequerer. +Præbuit autem mihi argumentum tua in +Franciam suscepta profectio, cuius occasione +cùm multa mihi à multis jam annis de Francico +idiomate meditata in mentem venissent, +& te cognoscendæ quoque illius linguæ summo +teneri desiderio animaduertissem: hisce +ferijs vindemialibus illa tibi & alijs aliquot +nobilibus Germanis priuatim exposui, quæ +nunc ad te recognita & emendata mitto, vt +quum in Franciam veneris, vsu ipso agnoscas, +quæ quibusdam regulis à me non temerè +obseruata comperies. Quòd si quis erit qui +scriptiunculam istam, vt neque professioni +neque personæ meæ conuenientem reprehendat, +illum cogitare velim, aliud esse, animi +<span class="pagenum"> -6- </span> +gratia, nonnihil exspatiari, quàm extra viam +aberrare. Et præterquàm quòd in homine +Franco probandu<span class="abbr">m</span> etia<span class="abbr">m</span> videtur ruentis Francicæ +linguæ fulcie<span class="abbr">n</span>dæ studium, possum ego me +tum Platonis de literaru<span class="abbr">m</span> elementis in Cratylo +tam subtiliter disputantis, tum etiam Cæsaris +maximi viri exemplo tueri, cui in maximis +etiam occupationibus tantum fuit ocij, vt +de recta Latine loque<span class="abbr">n</span>di ratione accuratissimè +scriberet. Sed vtcunque ista veluti ludibundi +animi commentatio à cæteris accipiatur, +augurari libet, futurum vt tibi, cui propriè +scripta est, totíque adeò Germanoru<span class="abbr">m</span> genti +no<span class="abbr">n</span> improbetur. Bene vale Illustris Domine +Baro. Iesus ille seruator tuæ <span class="grec" title="eugenei kai exochô" +>εὐγενεῖ +και +ἐξόχῳ</span> +iuuentuti magis ac magis benedicat, +téque spiritu Sancto suo foris ac domi tueatur. +Ex musæo nostro, Calendis Septembris +anno vltimæ Domini Deíque nostri patientiæ, +1584.</i> +<span class="pagenum"> -7- </span></p> + + + + +<h2>DE FRANCICÆ LINGVÆ RECTA PRONVNTIATIONE.</h2> + + +<p>Quam vulgo Gallica<span class="abbr">m</span> linguam +appellant, ego in hoc scripto +Francicam voco, non à Francis +Germaniæ populis ortam, sed +ex quo Galliæ regnu<span class="abbr">m</span>, omnium +gentium velut commune emporium, +in Franciæ nomen vltro concessit, +ex cæteroru<span class="abbr">m</span> penè idiomatum commixtione +satam, ac tandem sic excultam & auctam, vt +à plurimis eius cognitio, tum propter sermonis +elegantiam, tum etiam propter commercij +vtilitatem hodie expetatur. Eius autem +rectam pronuntiationem duo præcipuè reddunt +exteris hominibus difficilem. Vnum, +quòd vnaquæque gens in natiuo suo idiomate +peculiare quiddam obseruet, ad cuius normam +dum peregrinas etia<span class="abbr">m</span> linguas vitiosè inflectit, +ita fit vt Germani Germanicè, Angli +Anglicè, Franci Francicè, Latinas voces enuntient +tam variè, vt eruditę quidem aures, quarum +superbissimum est iudicium, grauiter offendantur: +vulgus autem imperitum totidem +linguas audire sibi meritò videatur. Alterum, +quòd ita Francica lingua scribi consueuit, vt +quanuis exprimendis suis sonis singulæ sint +<span class="pagenum"> -8- </span> +propriè in omnibus linguis excogitatæ literæ, +tamen pronuntiatio scriptioni in plerisq. +vocibus minimè respondeat. Nam & plurimæ +sunt prorsus omittendæ, & vnius eiusdémque +literæ non idem vbique sonus auditur, cuius +rei conabimur suo loco rationem & vsum ostendere. +Hæ verò difficultates aliquatenus +quidem regulis quibusdam obseruatis quas +mox trademus, sed vsu potissimùm ipso superantur, +qua in re tamen maximo iudicio & delectu +opus est. Etsi enim ex Fra<span class="abbr">n</span>cici regni prouinciis +alię aliis minus impurè loquuntur, nullam +tamen in iis ne vrbem quidem inueneris +quæ suis quibusdam pronuntiationis næuis +non laboret, quos passim etiam deinceps annotabimus. +Ac fuit quidem tempus, sub Francisco +videlicet illo Rege, quem meritò liceat +bonarum literarum parentem vocare, quum +puram Francicæ linguæ pronuntiationem ex +ipsius aula petere licuit. Ab eius autem obitu +sic paulatim vnà cu<span class="abbr">m</span> moribus immutata<span class="abbr">m</span> fuisse +Francicam totam linguam constat, vt vix ac +ne vix quidem appareat vbi tandem ipsius puritas +delitescat. Illius certè quidquid hodie superest, +partim pauculę seruant antiquum obtinentes +familię, & homines bonis literis exculti: +partim adhuc Senatus Parisiensis subsellia +sonant, quanuis eò quoque paulatim serpat +illa vitiosæ pronuntiationis contagio: vsque +adeò nihil est in rebus humanis quod non sit +mutationi, ac tandem interitui, necessitate +quadam ineuitabili, obnoxiu<span class="abbr">m</span>. Me verò, quomodo +<span class="pagenum"> -9- </span> +purè & eleganter loquentes maiores +ab ineunte iuuentute audiui & attentè obseruaui, +hac etiam in re iuuerit meam in Francos +meos pietatem fuisse pro viribus testatum. +Rem igitur ipsam aggrediamur.</p> + + + + +<h2>Regulæ quædam generales Francicæ discendæ pronuntiationis.</h2> + + +<p>Primùm igitur cognito vero pronuntiandarum +literarum sono, reliquæ literæ scriptę +quidem ac minimè proferendę, quas +quiesce<span class="abbr">n</span>tes voco, accuratè sunt cognoscendæ, +& à pronuntiandis dignoscendæ, Deinde non +modò verus singularu<span class="abbr">m</span> literaru<span class="abbr">m</span> tene<span class="abbr">n</span>dus est sonus, +sed etia<span class="abbr">m</span> curandu<span class="abbr">m</span> ne qua putidè & duriter +sonet, imò vt omnes molliter & quasi negligenter +efferantur: omnem pronuntiationis +asperitatem vsque adeò refugiente Francica +lingua, vt exceptis <b>cc</b> vt <b>acces,</b> accessus: <b>m m,</b> vt +<b>somme: n n,</b> vt <b>Annee,</b> annus: <b>r r,</b> vt <b>Terre,</b> +terra: nullam geminatam consonantem pronuntiet. +Postremò Italis quidem vt Francicam +linguam rectè sonent, cauenda est illa in +pronuntiando grauitas quę in penultimarum +præsertim syllabarum productione sentitur: +Germanis autem multo etiam magis fugienda +est tum illa tarditas in singulis penè dictionibus +vocem sistens, & tandem in extrema +periodo quasi pondere quodam delassatam +præcipitans, tum etiam in literis nimium fortiter +<span class="pagenum"> -10- </span> +exprimendis asperitas summopere vitanda. +Francorum enim vt ingenia valde mobilia +sunt, ita quoque pronuntiatio celerrima +est, nullo consonantium concursu confragosa +paucissimis longis syllabis retardata: eodem +tenore denique volubilis: consonantibus, si dictionem +aliquam terminarint, sic cohærentibus +cum proximis vocibus à vocali incipientibus, +vt integra interdum sententia haud secus +quàm si vnicum esset vocabulum efferatur. +Exempli gratia, tota hæc sententia, <b>Ie parleray +demain à vous à bon escient à huict +heures du matin,</b> etsi syllabis nouendecim, tamen +breuibus omnibus constat, éstque vno ac +eodem tenore quasi connexis inter se pro celeumaticis +enuntianda, in qua linguæ volubilitate +vt plurimis aliis in rebus mira quædam +est inter Grecum & Francicum sermonem similitudo. +Hoc igitur imprimis est Germanis +prouidendum & attentissimè obseruandum, +vt sese huic volubilitati quàm studiosissimè +assuefaciant.</p> + +<p>Sunt autem Francis literæ viginti & vna. +Nam duarum quę à nonnullis adiiciuntur vna +quidem ne<span class="abbr">m</span>pe k, nullius est vsus, vt scribi quidem +Francica lingua ab omni penè æuo consueuit: +altera verò nempe <b>y</b> quam <b>i</b> Græcum +appellant per inscitiam irrepsit, quum sit duplex +<b>ii</b> vocale, vt suo loco ostendemus. Harum +autem characteres, non ij quibus Typographi +vtuntur siue Romani, siue Italici, siue +Gotthici quos vocant, sed hi sunt verè Francici +<span class="pagenum"> -11- </span> +quos subieci cum Gręcis, à quibus manifestè +sunt plerique desumpti, vt mirari +nonnulli desinant repertas à Cæsare in +Heluetiorum castris tabulas Græcis literis +exaratas.</p> + +<div class="c"> +<img src="images/table.png" alt=""> +</div> + +<div class="c"> +<table summary="Græci & verè Francici characteres"> +<tr> +<td>Græci characteres.</td> +<td>Verè Francici characteres.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><span class="grec" title="A a">Α α</span></td> +<td><b>A a a</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><span class="grec" title="B b">Β β</span></td> +<td><b>B b b</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><span class="grec" title="K k">Κ κ</span></td> +<td><b>C c c</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><span class="grec" title="D d">Δ δ</span></td> +<td><b>D d d d d</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><span class="grec" title="E e">Ε ε</span></td> +<td><b>E e e e</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><span class="grec" title="Ph ph">Φ φ</span></td> +<td><b>F f</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> </td> +<td><b>G g g</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> </td> +<td><b>H h h</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><span class="grec" title="I i">Ι ι</span></td> +<td><b>I i</b> +</td> +<tr> +<td> </td> +<td> </td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><span class="grec" title="L l">Λ λ</span></td> +<td><b>L l l</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><span class="grec" title="M m">Μ μ</span></td> +<td><b>M m m m</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><span class="grec" title="N n">Ν ν</span></td> +<td><b>N n n n</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><span class="grec" title="O o">Ο ο</span></td> +<td><b>O o</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> </td> +<td><b>P p</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> </td> +<td><b>Q q</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> </td> +<td><b>R r r</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><span class="grec" title="S s">Σ ς</span></td> +<td><b>S s</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><span class="grec" title="T t">Τ τ</span></td> +<td><b>T t tt</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> </td> +<td><b>V v v u u</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><span class="grec" title="X x">Ξ ξ</span></td> +<td><b>X x</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> </td> +<td> </td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><span class="grec" title="Z z">Ζ ζ</span></td> +<td><b>Z z.</b></td> +</tr> +</table> +</div> + +<span class="pagenum"> -12- </span> + + + +<h2>De vocalium Francicarum pronuntiatione.</h2> + + +<p>In his literis vocales Franci quinque numerant, +vt Græci & Latini, de quarum pronuntiatione +sic ego quide<span class="abbr">m</span>, nullo cuiusquam pręiudicio, +existimo.</p> + + +<h3><b>A a a.</b></h3> + +<p>Hæc vocalis sono in radice linguæ solis +faucibus formato, ore hiante clarè & +sonorè à Francia effertur, quum illam Germani +obscurius & sono quodam ad quartam vocalem +o accedente pronuntient, in eo etiam +interdum peccantes quòd illam intra dictiones +quasdam expungant, vt quu<span class="abbr">m</span> <b>Ieruslem</b> dicu<span class="abbr">n</span>t +tribus syllabis pro <b>Ierusalem</b> quatuor syllabarum.</p> + + +<h3><b>E e e e.</b></h3> + +<p>Altera hæc vocalis proprium & vnicum +veru<span class="abbr">m</span> habere sonum debuit quem +efficit linguæ mucro de<span class="abbr">n</span>tibus mediocriter hiantibus, +vocem articulatam plectri vice moderans, +vt in his vocibus Latinis legere, viuere, +docere propriè sonat. Franci Grammatici +eruditiores <b>e</b> clausum vocant alij <b>e</b> productu<span class="abbr">m</span>, +sed perperam. Nam interdum quoque corripitur +vt in penultima dictionis <b>Alteré</b> siticulosus: +quę dictio est Dactylica, & in aliis quamplurimis. +Alter tamen eius sonus est is propriè +<span class="pagenum"> -13- </span> +qui est diphthongi <b>ae</b> sono ex <b>a</b> & <b>e</b> te<span class="abbr">m</span>perato: +quo modo vsus obtinuit vt Latinè quoq. +pronuntietur, nescio tamen qua<span class="abbr">m</span> rectè, quoties +hæc vocalis cum <b>l</b> vel <b>r,</b> vel <b>s,</b> vel <b>t</b> cohæret, vt +in prima syllaba dictionum Tellus, Fel, Mel, +Terra, Ter, Quater, teres, &c. itémque ante <b>ct</b> +vt Tectum: & <b>gm</b> vt Tegmen, quem sonum +Franci <b>e</b> apertum vocant, & eodem sono atque +diphthongu<span class="abbr">m</span> <b>aï</b> exprimunt, vt <b>Estre, Feste, +terre, elle,</b> perinde ac si scriptum sit, <b>Aistre, +Faiste, Tairre, Aille,</b> vt scribitur & +pronuntiatur <b>maistre, faiste, aise.</b></p> + +<p>Tertius huius vocalis sonus Græcis & Latinis +ignotus, is ipse est qui ab Hebræis tribuitur +puncto quod Seua raptum vocant: Galli +verò <b>E</b> fœmineum propter imbecillam & +vix sonoram vocem appellant, quæ litera propterea +neque in pentametris quarto loco, neque +sexto loco in hexametris versibus admittitur, +& versus omnes in illam desinentes +hypermetri habentur. Itaque dictionem nunquam +hic sonus inchoare potest, vtpote qui +semper vel à consonante præcedente pendeat, +vel si nulli consonanti subiiciatur, præcedentis +vocalis sit veluti productio quędam: +vt <b>amie</b> amica: <b>aimee</b> amata, <b>ioue</b> gena. Dicemus +autem in litera <b>n</b> & diphthongorum tractatu +de peculari quodam huius vocalis vsu +in tertiis pluralibus verborum personis. +Sunt verò tres isti huius literæ soni accuratè +dignoscendi, ne cum Aquitanis vel actiua verba +infiniti modi vt <b>Aimer</b> amare: <b>Disner,</b> prandere: +<span class="pagenum"> -14- </span> +<b>parler,</b> loqui: vel pluralis numeri seu nomina, +vt <b>Bont<i>e</i>s</b> bonitates: seu participia passiua, +vt <b>Lass<i>e</i>s,</b> lassati, quæ omnia per <b>e</b> clausum +non autem apertum efferenda sunt, vnde +isti duri & Francicis purgatis auribus intolerabiles +rythmi à doctissimis etiam poëtis +Aquitanis vsurpati, quibus inter se conferunt +<b>disputer,</b> & <b>Iupitèr: hiuer</b> & <b>arrivèr: parler</b> & +<b>par lair, lasses</b> & <b>Vlissès: asses</b> & <b>accès.</b> +Quod si obtineri possit vt huic triplici sono +triplex hic character attribuatur, nempe <b>e</b> +pro hac litera clauso sono & masculo efferenda: +<b>e</b> pro infracto & lenissimo huius literæ sono: +<b>e</b> denique pro diphtongo <b>ę,</b> magnopere +tum ipsis Francis plerisque tum in primis peregrinis +cautu<span class="abbr">m</span> esset. Alij præterea duo sunt soni +huius literæ sed prorsus adulterini, & paulatim +mutata quidem pronuntiatione, sed eadem +manente scriptura, in Francica<span class="abbr">m</span> linguam +inuecti. Coalescens enim <b>e</b> in ea<span class="abbr">n</span>dem syllabam +cum <b>m,</b> vt <b>temporèl</b> te<span class="abbr">m</span>poralis, vel <b>n,</b> siue sola & +sonora vt <b>i'enten,</b> ego intelligo: siue adiuncto +<b>d</b> vt <b>entend,</b> intelligit: vel vt <b>content,</b> contentus: +pronuntiatur vt <b>a.</b> Itaque in his vocibus +<b>constant,</b> constans: & <b>content,</b> contentus, +<b>An,</b> annus, & <b>en,</b> in, diuersa est scriptura, +pronuntiatio verò recta, vel eadem, vel tenuissimi +discriminis, & quod vix auribus percipi +possit. Excipe quatuor has voculas, <b>ancien</b> trissyllabum, +antiquus: <b>lien</b> vinculum, & <b>moi<i>i</i>en,</b> +medium, <b>fi<i>e</i>nt</b> fimus, dissyllaba: & <b>quotidien</b> +quotidianus, quatuor syllabarum: denique omnia +<span class="pagenum"> -15- </span> +ge<span class="abbr">n</span>tilia nomina, vt <b>Parisien</b> Parisie<span class="abbr">n</span>sis: <b>Sauoïsien</b> +Sabaudiensis: in quibus <b>e</b> clausum scribitur +& distinctè auditur, <b>i</b> & <b>e</b> nequaquam in +diphtho<span class="abbr">n</span>gum conuenientibus. Sed & Picardi +veterem hîc quoque tum scriptura<span class="abbr">m</span> tum pronuntiationem +retinuerunt, adeò quidem vt +etiam scribant & pronuntient <b>ceens,</b> hic +intus: <b>dedens,</b> intus: <b>leens,</b> illic intus: quum reliqui +Franci scribamus & pronu<span class="abbr">n</span>tiemus <b>ceans, +dedans, leans:</b> Alter huius literæ sonus adulterinus +est ide<span class="abbr">m</span> atq<span class="abbr">ue</span> literæ <b>i</b> geminatæ duplicis, +in vna<span class="abbr">m</span> tamen syllabam coalescentis, quanuis +scribatur <b>i<i>e</i>,</b> litera <b>n</b> sequente atque dictionem +finiente. Sic in his monosyllabis rectè +pronuntiatis accidit, <b>bien</b> bonum, vel benè: +<b>chien</b> canis: <b>Chrestien</b> Christianus dissyllabum: +<b>mien</b> meus, <b>rien</b> nihil: <b>sien</b> suus: <b>tien</b> tuus vel tene, +cum compositis: <b>vien</b> venio, vel veni cum +compositis: quæ omnia vocabula sic à purè +pronuntiantibus efferuntur ac si scriptum esset +<b>i</b> duplici <b>biien, chiien,</b> &c. Pictones tame<span class="abbr">n</span> veterem +pronuntiationem per <b>e</b> clausum retinuisse +videri possent, nisi <b>e</b> in <b>a</b> mutarent, vt <b>ils disant, +ils parlant.</b> Sed in earundem vocum fœmininis +<b>e</b> clausu<span class="abbr">m</span> restituitur: scribimus enim & efferimus +<b>chi<i>e</i>ne,</b> canis fœmina, <b>Chrestiené,</b> Christiana: +quanuis <b>Chrestienté</b> Christianitas, pronuntiemus +<b>Chrestient<i>e</i>: miené,</b> mea, <b>siené</b> sua: <b>tiene,</b> +tua & teneat, <b>viene</b> veniat.</p> + + +<h3><b>I i <i>i</i>.</b></h3> + +<p>Hæc litera vt apud Hebræos & Latinos, +sic apud Francos interdum vocalis est, +<span class="pagenum"> -16- </span> +interdum consonans: quanuis illam Hebræi +ante reperta puncta quę vocant, no<span class="abbr">n</span> inter vocales, +sed inter palatinas co<span class="abbr">n</span>sonantes non temerè +recensuerint. Cæteru<span class="abbr">m</span> quu<span class="abbr">m</span> hęc litera vocalis est +natiuum illu<span class="abbr">m</span> tenuissimu<span class="abbr">m</span> sonum retinet cęteris +linguis vsitatum. Quum autem est consonans, +idem valet atque <b>g</b> nunc solet in Latinis +istis vocibus lege & legi (& quidem vitiosè) +pronuntiari. Neque mihi displicet eorum +commentum qui hanc consonantem à vocali, +inferiore illius patre producta & hami instar +recurua distinguit, sic nimirum illam consonantem +pingentes, <b>ja, je, ji, jo, ju.</b></p> + + +<h3><b>O.</b></h3> + +<p>Hæc vocalis in ipsa palati testudine +quasi echo quędam resonat, minus quidem +clarè quam <b>a,</b> non tamen ita obscurè vt +<b>ou</b> diphthongus, qua in re à Biturice<span class="abbr">n</span>sibus & +Lugdunensibus, aliísque non paucis populis +peccatur, qui pro <b>nostre</b> noster, <b>vostre,</b> vester: +<b>le dos</b> dorsum, pronuntiant <b>noustre, voustre, +le dous.</b> Quasdam tamen similes voces +vsus obtinuit vt ita proferamus, veluti +<b>col</b> & <b>cou,</b> collum: <b>fol</b> & <b>fou,</b> stultus: <b>mol</b> +& <b>mou,</b> mollis, licet semper scribamus <b>col, fol, +mol,</b> vnde <b>colet</b> ceruicula, <b>folle,</b> stulta & <b>molle</b> +hæc mollis. At illis contrarij Delphinates +& Prouinciales quos vocant, sublata <b>u</b> vocali +ex diphtho<span class="abbr">n</span>go <b>ou,</b> scribunt & legunt <b>cop,</b> ictus: +<b>beaucop</b> multum: <b>doleur</b> dolor: <b>torment</b> tormentu<span class="abbr">m</span>, +<span class="pagenum"> -17- </span> +pro <b>coup, beaucoup, douleur, tourment.</b> Sic +Sabaudi pro <b>oui,</b> ita pronuntiant <b>oï</b> per dialysin. +Occitani verò, nomen etiam inde adepti, +ex negante Græca particula <span class="grec" title="ouk">οὐκ</span>, à vicinis fortasse +Massiliensibus Græcis accepta, fecerunt +(quod mirum est) affirmantem particulam <b>oc,</b> +pro <b>oui,</b> ita: quę omnes pronuntiationes vitiosæ +sunt, & aures Francorum vehementer offendunt.</p> + + +<h3><b>V v v u.</b></h3> + +<p>Hæc litera, quum est vocalis, est Græcorum +ypsilon, quod ipsa quoque figura +testatur, effertúrque veluti sibilo constrictis +labris efflato, vnde factum vt Hebræi non inter +vocales siue Gutturales quas appellant, sed +inter labiales consonantes hanc quoque alteram, +ante reperta quæ vocant puncta, non immeritò +numerarint. Sonus autem illius proximè +ad tenuitatem <b>i</b> vocalis accedit: quamobrem +etiam promiscuè veteres Romani optimus +& optumus, Maximus & Maxumus, non +illo pingui sono quo Romanum suum <b>u,</b> & +Gręci vetustiores suum <span class="grec" title="o mikron" +>ο μικρόν</span> efferebant, sed +altero illo tenui scribebant & pronuntiabant. +Germani propterea hanc literam solent <b>u</b> Gallicum, +ab illo crassiore quem Galli per <b>ou</b> diphthongum +scribunt, distinctum appellare: +& à litera <b>u</b> in suis minutis characteribus hac +imposita nota distinguunt, <b>ŭ.</b></p> + +<p>Cæterùm Franci Latinos grammaticos sequuti +<span class="pagenum"> -18- </span> +ad hanc literam retulerunt etiam Æolici +digammatis sonum, sic vocati quòd à solis +Græcorum populorum Æolibus vsurparetur, +medium videlicet inter <b>ba</b> & <b>pha,</b> sicut +hodie Latini pronuntiant primam syllabam +in vado, vetus, vita, volo, vultus. In huius aute<span class="abbr">m</span> +literæ pronuntiatione cauendum est tum Vasconum +vitium qui <b>b</b> pro <b>u</b> efferunt, vt <b>bin</b> pro +<b>vin: bache</b> pro <b>vache: beau</b> pro <b>veau,</b> & contrà, +<b>u</b> pro <b>b:</b> qui error passim in veteribus manuscriptis +libris occurrit: tum etiam alterum +Germanis proprium, quo hanc consonantem +pro <b>ph</b> siue <b>f,</b> & contrà <b>u</b> pro <b>ph</b> siue <b>f</b> vsurpant: +vt qui pro <b>vino, viuo, vitulo, vacca</b> pronuntient +<b>finum, fifo, fitulus, facca,</b> & contrà pro +<b>fallere, valleré</b> & similia: qui maximus error +quanto est ipsis familiarior, tanto diligentius +est illis vitandus. At nostri maiores Franci peculiarem +habuerunt characterem Æolico digammati +scribendo tam acutè excogitatam, +quàm est imperitè à posteris, in mediis syllabis +neglectus, & initio dictionu<span class="abbr">m</span> pro <b>u</b> consonnante +vsurpatus, vt quum scribunt <b>vu</b> & <b>vue.</b> +Quum igitur hos sonos viderent maximè affines +<b>ba</b> & <b>va,</b> à plerisque confundi, figura vsi +sunt quæ hanc affinitatem simul & ostenderet +& distingueret, charactere videlicet literæ <b>b</b> leuiter +in sinistram nempe v & <b>v</b> ad digammatis +Æolici pronuntiationem significandam inflexo, +ídque non tantùm initio dictionum, vt +à Francicè scribentibus adhuc hodie obseruatur, +vt <b>vie, vertu, vertueux,</b> sed etiam intra ipsas +<span class="pagenum"> -19- </span> +dictiones, vt <b>vivré, recevoir, avoir, pouvoir,</b> qua +de re suo rursum loco à nobis dicetur. P. Ramus +nostra memoria diligens multarum reru<span class="abbr">m</span> +inquisitor, vt hanc literam vocalem à consonante +distingueret, hu<span class="abbr">n</span>c quidem characterem +v, consonanti, istum verò <b>u,</b> vocali attribuit. +Laudo institutum, factum probare non possum. +Nam illa quidem nota est verum Græcorum +<span class="grec" title="u psilôn">υ ψιλων</span>, id est, hæc ipsa vocalis. At <b>u</b> character +est, vt ex veteribus etiam manuscriptis +codicibus apparet, antiquus Græcus literæ betha, +non autem digammatis solis Æolibus noti: +quam notam postea librorum descriptores +perperam ad hanc literam tum vocalem tum +consonantem designandam accommodaru<span class="abbr">n</span>t: +hoc tamen discrimine seruato, quòd illa priore +vsi sunt in dictionum initiis, ista verò intra +ipsius dictiones, aut in earum fine.</p> + + + + +<h2>De consonantium literarum Francicarum pronuntiatione.</h2> + + +<h3><b>B b.</b></h3> + +<p>Hæc consonans eundem quidem sonum +in Francica lingua retinet, quem & Græci +emendatè pronuntiantes & Latini obseruant, +sed suauitate quadam siccitatem ipsius +temperante, quo magis cauendum est Germanis +ne hanc cum <b>p</b> sicciore etiam litera +suo quodam more confundant, vt quum pro +<span class="pagenum"> -20- </span> +scribere & bibere pronuntiant, & quidem no<span class="abbr">n</span> +sine de<span class="abbr">n</span>siore quoque flatu scrippere & pippere. +De Vasconibus autem hanc literam in Æolicum +digamma transfere<span class="abbr">n</span>tibus, paulò antè est +à nobis dictum.</p> + + +<h3><b>C c c.</b></h3> + +<p>Hæc consonans, orto proculdubio à vitiosa +Latinæ linguæ pronuntiatione errore, +duplicem habet sonum, qui tamen fallere +neminem nisi falli volentem possit. Nam +ante <b>a</b> & diphthongum <b>au.</b> Item ante <b>o,</b> & <b>ou</b> +diphthongum, & <b>u,</b> & <b>ui</b> diphthongum, sonum +suum natiuum, paucissimis exceptis vocabulis +seruat, vt <b>cas,</b> casus: <b>cause,</b> causa: <b>columne,</b> +columna: <b>couler,</b> colare: <b>curer,</b> curare: +<b>cuir,</b> corium. At ante vocales <b>e</b> & <b>i</b> pronuntiatur +sicut, <b>s</b> Latinu<span class="abbr">m</span>, vt <b>cé</b> & <b>ci,</b> ac si scriptum +esset <b>sé</b> & <b>si.</b></p> + +<p>Dixi excipi quasdam paucas dictiones in +quibus itidem vt <b>s</b> Latinu<span class="abbr">m</span> profertur tum ante +<b>a</b> tum ante <b>o,</b> cuiusmodi sunt <b>ca, deca, façon, +façonner, glaçon, maçon, maçonner, limaçon, +poinçon, poinçonner,</b> & actiua tum præterita +tum participia ab infinitis quæ in <b>cer</b> desinunt, +vt à <b>commençer,</b> fit <b>commençant</b> & <b>commençons, +commença:</b> & si qua sunt eiusmodi <b>s</b> +Latino pronuntianda: quarum dictionum +nonnulli quasdam inserta <b>e</b> vocali quiescente +scribunt, vt <b>commençea commençeons,</b> alij verò, +<span class="pagenum"> -21- </span> +quos omnino sequendos arbitror, litera <b>s</b> +tanquam cauda quadam literæ <b>e</b> subiecta notant, +& hanc literam <b>c</b> caudatum, Hispanorum +more vocant, vt <b>ça deça, façon, façonner: +maçon maçonner: poinçon poinçonner: commençay +commença: commençons commençent.</b></p> + +<p>Quoties autem huic literæ adhæret sequens +aspiratio, quæcunque vocalis sequatur, +tum solet crasso quodam & pingui sono +proferri, cuiusmodi est apud Hebræos literæ +Schin in dextro latere signatæ, non vt +Græcorum chi, quod sona<span class="abbr">n</span>t Germani in verbo +<b>machen,</b> sed vt <b>ch</b> pronuntiant in voce +<b>chelme.</b> Sic igitur Francicè sona<span class="abbr">n</span>t <b>chat,</b> catus: +<b>chair,</b> caro: <b>chaud,</b> calidus: <b>chez,</b> apud: +<b>cheut,</b> lapsus: <b>riche,</b> diues: <b>chose,</b> res: <b>chou,</b> +brassica. At contrà Picardi pleraque à cæteris +Francis per <b>ch</b> pingue prolata, per <b>c</b> siccu<span class="abbr">m</span> +efferunt, vt <b>cat, cauld, cose, rigue,</b> & plurima +è contrario per <b>ch,</b> proferunt, quæ +per <b>s</b> Latinum cæteri pronuntiant, vt <b>chechi, +chela,</b> tanta est dialectorum non modò +varietas, sed etiam repugnantia.</p> + + +<h3><b>D d d d.</b></h3> + +<p>Hæc consonans pronuntiata nullam syllabam +claudit in Francica lingua præter +vltimam in quibusdam dictionibus, in +quibus perinde pronu<span class="abbr">n</span>tiatur vt <b>t,</b> sed ita vt siccitas +eius aliquatenus liquefiat. Quod si +<span class="pagenum"> -22- </span> +quis roget, cur non igitur <b>t</b> potius quàm <b>d</b> +scribatur, respondeo id fieri propter deriuatorum +analogiam. Itaque scribimus <b>gaillard,</b> +hilaris: <b>paillard,</b> scortator: <b>lard,</b> lardum propter +deriuata, <b>gaillardise, paillarder, larder,</b> +quum alioqui haud secus illa propriè efferamus, +quàm si per <b>t</b> scribere<span class="abbr">n</span>tur. Sic quamuis +tertiæ personæ singulares præsentis indicandi +modi verborum actiuorum <b>t</b> literam regulariter +requirant in secunda & tertia coniugationibus, +scribimus tamen <b>entend,</b> intelligit: +<b>fend, defend, fond, respond,</b> propter infinita, +<b>entendre, fendre, defendré, fondré, respondre,</b> +quibus etiam nonnulli addunt <b>pleind, peind, +craind, feind, estraind, ioind, poind,</b> sed immeritò. +Nec enim in eorum infinitis modis, <b>plaindre, +pendre, craindré, feindre, estraindre, ioindre, +poindre,</b> litera <b>d</b> inuenitur vt in illis ex +analogia, sed euphoniæ causa inseritur, vt +in Græca dictione <span class="grec" title="andros">ἄνδρος</span> pro <span class="grec" title="anros">ἄνρος</span>, & in +Francica <b>tendre,</b> pro <b>tenre,</b> à Latina voce +tener. Sed nullam excusationem admittit +eorum error qui inter <b>quand</b> pro quando & +<b>quant</b> pro quantum nullum discrimen in scriptura +statuunt. Et hîc admonendi sunt Germani +ne <b>t</b> pro <b>d</b> pronuntient, vt suum <b>das</b> +& <b>dag,</b> efferre solent <b>tas</b> & <b>tag,</b> & Latinè +pro Doctore Toctorem aut etiam Tocthorem +proferre. +<span class="pagenum"> -23- </span></p> + + +<h3><b>F f.</b></h3> + +<p>Hanc literam initio fuisse Æolici digammatis, +siue <b>u</b> consonantis notam, ipsa figura +à Latinis vsurpata, demonstrat, ex vno +gammate alteri imposito constructa vt ex +Ciceronis etiam quodam loco in oratione +pro Flacco manifestè liquet. Postea verò pro +<span class="grec" title="ph">φ</span> Græcorum, id est pro ph vsurpari cœpit, vt +& à Francis hodie pronuntiatur. Sicut autem +dixi de <b>u</b> consonante, magnoperè cauendum +esse Germanis ne illam cum <b>f</b> confundant, +ita vicissim summoperè studeant oportet +ne <b>f</b> pro <b>v</b> consonante vsurpent: quanuis +hæc litera dictionem finiens à Francis +loco digammatis scribatur, & vt <b>f</b> pronuntietur, +vt <b>beuf, bref, cerf, gref, naïf, nef, nerf, +serf, suif, vif,</b> à Latinis vocibus, bouis, +breuis, ceruus, grauis, natiuus, nauis, +neruus, seruus, seuum, viuus: restituto +in illorum deriuatis digammate, +vt <b>bovine, breveré, cerve, grever, +navire, nerveux, servitude, vivacit<i>e</i>, +naiveté.</b></p> + + +<h3><b>G g g.</b></h3> + +<p>Hæc consonans ante <b>a, o,</b> & <b>u,</b> verum +suum sonum seruat proximum Cliteræ, +vt <b>gale,</b> scabies: <b>gaule,</b> Gallia: <b>gosier,</b> guttur: +<b>goutte,</b> gutta: <b>aigu,</b> acutus. At ante <b>e</b> & <b>i,</b> +<span class="pagenum"> -24- </span> +errore à Latina vitiosa pronuntiatione propagato, +idem prorsus plerunque sonat atque +<b>i</b> consonans in Latinis vocibus, vt à plerisque +etiamnum enuntiatur Regere & Regis, vt <b>gager, +regir,</b> ac si scriptum <b>ga<i>i</i>er et rejir.</b> Sed neque +illud neque istud exceptione caret. Nam +& ante <b>a</b> & ante <b>o</b> interdum vt <b>j</b> consonans, +& contrà ante <b>e</b> & ante <b><i>i</i></b> natiuo suo sono profertur, +quæ tamen varietas facilè discernitur. +Quoties enim ante <b>a</b> & <b>o</b> pro <b>j</b> consonante vsurpatur, +illi subiici solet <b><i>e</i>,</b> non vt proferatur, +sed vt silens ostendat <b>g</b> in iis dictionibus non +aliter efferendum quàm ante <b><i>e</i></b> consueuit, id +est pro <b>j</b> consonante, vt <b>mangeons</b> comedimus, +item <b>ié mangeay, tu mangeas, il mangea, +nous mangeasmes, vous mangeastes, ils mangearent,</b> +comedi, disti, dit, dimus, distis, derunt, +perinde ac si scriberetur <b>man<i>i</i>ons, manjay, +man<i>i</i>as,</b> &c. Sic Germani nonnulli pro Ego +perperam pronuntiant Eio, & pro Gallus Iallus. +Vnde Bituricenses <b>Iau</b> pro Gallo & <b>Aiacé</b> +pro <b>Agacé,</b> id est pica. Sic etiam ante <b>o</b> vt +<b>flageol,</b> fistula pastoritia. At quoties ante <b>e</b> vel <b>i</b> +natiuum suum sonum retinet, solet illi adiici +<b>u</b> itidem quiescens, & hoc vnum ostendens, +quanuis sequatur <b>e</b> vel <b>i,</b> tamen natiuo suo sono +hanc literam esse proferendum vt <b>langue</b> & +<b>languir,</b> in quibus nusquam auditur <b>u,</b> sed indicat +non esse proferendas istas voces vt si scriberetur +<b>lanje</b> & <b>lanjir.</b> Itali verò nescio qua +ratione hunc sonum per <b>gh</b> scribunt, vt <b>stringhié, +ghiotto,</b> & similia. +<span class="pagenum"> -25- </span></p> + + +<h3><b>H h h.</b></h3> + +<p>Aspirationem Franci quantum fieri +potest emolliunt, sic tamen vt omnino +audiatur, at non asperè ex imo gutture efflata, +quod est magnoperè Germanis & Italis præsertim +Tuscis, obseruandum. Deinde cauendum +accuratè, ne vel vbi quiescit efferatur, +(quibus autem in vocabulis quiescat, partim +vsus docet, partim etiam suo loco dicemus) +vel vbi pronuntianda est prætermittatur, quo +vitio purgatis auribus molestissimo, Burgundi, +Biturice<span class="abbr">n</span>ses, Lugdunenses, & Aquitani penè +o<span class="abbr">mn</span>es laborant, pronuntiantes <b>en ault, l'autesse, +l'acguenee, l'azard, les ouseaux,</b> pro <b>en hault, +la haultesse, la hacquenee, le hazard, les houseaux.</b> +Quibus autem in vocibus sonet exquiescentium +recensione etsi facilè fuerit iudicare, +placuit tamen illoru<span class="abbr">m</span> in quibus auditur, plerasque +enumerare, quò faciliùs sibi quisque ab +illo vitio cauere possit. In harum igitur dictionum +initiis aspiratio pronuntiatur.</p> + + +<h4><b>H</b> ante <b>a.</b></h4> + +<ul> +<li><b>Ha</b> Interiectio exclamantis & imitantis.</li> +<li><b>Hache,</b> hasta.</li> +<li><b>Halier,</b> dumetum.</li> +<li><b>Haïr,</b> odisse, cum omnibus deriuatis.</li> +<li><b>Haire,</b> cilicium.</li> +<li><b>Hairon,</b> ardea.</li> +<li><b>Hait,</b> vetus verbum Gallicum quo animi acquiescentis +<span class="pagenum"> -26- </span> + alacritas significatur, vnde <b>souhait</b> + & <b>souhaitter.</b></li> +<li><b>Halé,</b> forum tectum rerum venalium.</li> +<li><b>Halecret,</b> thorax ferreus.</li> +<li><b>Haler,</b> sursum funibus onus attollere.</li> +<li><b>Haleter,</b> anhelare.</li> +<li><b>Hameau,</b> viculus.</li> +<li><b>Hanap,</b> patera, vetus Gallicum verbum.</li> +<li><b>Hanche,</b> coxa.</li> +<li><b>Hante,</b> hastile.</li> +<li><b>Hanter,</b> frequentare, cum deriuatis.</li> +<li><b>Haquebute,</b> gestatoria bombarda.</li> +<li><b>Haquenee,</b> gradarius equus.</li> +<li><b>Hacquet,</b> species vehiculi.</li> +<li><b>Harangue,</b> oratio publicè habita.</li> +<li><b>Haras,</b> equorum grex.</li> +<li><b>Harceler,</b> incessere.</li> +<li><b>Hardes,</b> sarcinæ.</li> +<li><b>Hardi,</b> Audax, cum deriuatis.</li> +<li><b>Haren,</b> halec, pro pisciculo marino.</li> +<li><b>Harer,</b> incitare, fictitia vox ab interiectione ha.</li> +<li><b>Harnie,</b> hernia, cum deriuatis.</li> +<li><b>Harier,</b> vrgere, ab eadem interiectione ha.</li> +<li><b>Harnois,</b> lorica.</li> +<li><b>Harpe,</b> Cithara, cum deriuatis.</li> +<li><b>Hart,</b> Laqueus.</li> +<li><b>Hazard,</b> periculum incertum, cum deriuatis.</li> +<li><b>Hasle,</b> torrens solis æstus, cum deriuatis.</li> +<li><b>Haste,</b> veru, pro quo purius loquentes Franci dicunt <b>vne broche.</b></li> +<li><b>Haubert, haubergeon,</b> thorax. +<span class="pagenum"> -27- </span></li> +<li><b>Haute,</b> quantum aliquis potest semel arripere.</li> +<li><b>Hauet,</b> vncus.</li> +<li><b>Hauir,</b> retorrere.</li> +<li><b>Hault,</b> altus, cum deriuatis.</li> +<li><b>Haye,</b> sepes.</li> +<li><b>Haure,</b> nauale.</li> +</ul> + +<h4><b>H</b> ante <b>e e e.</b></h4> + +<ul> +<li><b>He,</b> interiectio vocantis.</li> +<li><b>Heaume,</b> galea.</li> +<li><b>Hector,</b> nomen proprium.</li> +<li><b>Hennir,</b> hinnire.</li> +<li><b>Herault,</b> fecialis.</li> +<li><b>Henri,</b> nomen proprium.</li> +<li><b>Herisson,</b> herinaceus.</li> +<li><b>Herse,</b> occa.</li> +<li><b>Hestoudeau,</b> pullaster.</li> +<li><b>Hestre,</b> cerrus.</li> +<li><b>Heurt,</b> Illisio, cum deriuatis.</li> +</ul> + +<h4><b>H</b> ante <b>i.</b></h4> + +<ul> +<li><b>Hibou,</b> bubo.</li> +<li><b>Hideux,</b> horridus.</li> +<li><b>Hie,</b> fistuca.</li> +</ul> + +<h4><b>H</b> ante <b>o.</b></h4> + +<ul> +<li><b>Ho,</b> interiectio vocantis.</li> +<li><b>Hobin,</b> equus tolutarius.</li> +<li><b>Hocher,</b> quatere.</li> +<li><b>Hochet,</b> infantile crepitaculum.</li> +<li><b>Hoguiner,</b> contrectatione lacessere. +<span class="pagenum"> -28- </span></li> +<li><b>Hola,</b> Interiectio sistentis.</li> +<li><b>Hon,</b> Interiectio cum indignatione recusantis, vnde <b>hongner.</b></li> +<li><b>Hongre,</b> Hungarus, Cantherius.</li> +<li><b>Hongrie,</b> Hungaria.</li> +<li><b>Honnir,</b> dedecorare.</li> +<li><b>Honte,</b> pudor, ignominia, cum deriuatis.</li> +<li><b>Hoquet,</b> singultus.</li> +<li><b>Hoqueton,</b> tunicæ species.</li> +<li><b>Horion,</b> ictus fuste impactus, vox Picardis peculiaris.</li> +<li><b>Hors,</b> foris.</li> +<li><b>Hote,</b> corbis dossuaria.</li> +<li><b>Hou,</b> interiectio abigentis cum ignominia.</li> +<li><b>Houbelon,</b> lupulus.</li> +<li><b>Houe,</b> bipalum cum deriuatis.</li> +<li><b>Houlette,</b> pedum.</li> +<li><b>Houppe,</b> floccus.</li> +<li><b>Houseau,</b> ocrea.</li> +<li><b>Housse,</b> stragula sellæ equestri imposita.</li> +<li><b>Housser,</b> pertica abstergere.</li> +<li><b>Houssine,</b> virga arbustea.</li> +<li><b>Houx,</b> aquifolia.</li> +</ul> + +<h4><b>H</b> ante <b>V.</b></h4> + +<ul> +<li><b>Huer,</b> inclamare, fictitia vox.</li> +<li><b>Huche,</b> mactra.</li> +<li><b>Hucher,</b> voce accersere, dictio Picardis pręsertim + familiaris, cum deriuatis.</li> +<li><b>Hulote,</b> vlula.</li> +<li><b>Humer,</b> sorbere cum deriuatis.</li> +<li><b>Hupe,</b> vpupa. +<span class="pagenum"> -29- </span></li> +<li><b>Hurler,</b> vlulare.</li> +</ul> + + +<h3><b>L l l.</b></h3> + +<p><b>L</b> natiuum suum sonum singularis retinet tu<span class="abbr">m</span> +dictionem inchoans vt <b>la, le, li, lo, lu,</b> tum +finiens, vt <b>al, el, il, ol, ul.</b> Sin verò geminetur ídque +ante <b>a, e,</b> vel <b>o</b> (quod fieri solet consuetudine +potius quàm necessaria ratione) tum nihilominus +pronuntiatur vt simplex, vt <b>aller, belle, +telle, querelle, folle, molle.</b> Ante <b>i</b> verò vocalem +edit mollem quendam sonum Hebreæ, +Græcæ, & Latinæ linguæ prorsus insuetum, +proximè accedentem ad sonum syllabæ <b>li</b> cu<span class="abbr">m</span> +proxima vocali coalescentis, que<span class="abbr">m</span> Itali quide<span class="abbr">m</span> +per <b>gl</b> scribunt, tum in initio, vt in <b>gli</b> articulo, +tum intra ipsam dictionem, vt <b>figliuolo:</b> +Hispani verò per duplex <b>ll</b> initio quoque vocabulorum +notant, vt <b>llamado</b> quasi <b>liamado</b> +trissyllaba dictione. Francis autem hic sonus +nullam dictionem incohat, præterquam Bituricensibus +qui <b>gloire</b> & <b>glorieux,</b> & similia efferu<span class="abbr">n</span>t +quasi <b>lioire</b> dissyllabum, & <b>liorieux</b> trissyllabum +scribatur. Sic ergo duplex <b>ll</b> à Francis +enuntiatur, proximè præcedente <b>i,</b> quæ vocalis +si sola fuerit, sonum suum seruat, vt <b>bille,</b> +globulus, <b>fondrillé,</b> sordes in fundo hærentes: +<b>fille,</b> filia: <b>grille,</b> craticula: <b>fourmiller,</b> formicarum +instar pullulare: <b>chenille,</b> eruca: <b>piller,</b> populari: +<b>quille,</b> lignum paruulum pyramidis instar +effictum: <b>siller,</b> nictare: <b>sillon,</b> sulcus in re +rustica, siue merges. Excipe dictionem vnica<span class="abbr">m</span> +<b>ville</b> pro vrbe, in qua sonat <b>l</b> singulare, sic +<span class="pagenum"> -30- </span> +scripta, vt à fœminino adiectiuo <b>vile,</b> vilis discernatur. +Sin autem vocalem <b>i</b> præcedat alia +quæcunque siue simplex, siue in diphthongo, +tum <b>i</b> quiescit, & indicat duplex illud <b>ll</b> illo +molli sono effere<span class="abbr">n</span>dum, vt ante <b>a bailler,</b> tradere, +<b>paille,</b> palea: <b>saillir,</b> salire: ante <b>e, veiller,</b> vigilare, +<b>treillis,</b> clathra: ante <b>ou, mouiller,</b> madefacere: +<b>grenouille,</b> rana: <b>bouillir,</b> bullire. ante <b>eu, +feuille,</b> folium: <b>veuille,</b> velim. Sic enim hæc arbitror +scribenda non vt vulgo solent, <b>fueille, +vueille.</b> Quod autem Aquitani & eos imitati +nonnulli hunc sonum scribunt per <b>lh</b> vt <b>balher, +moulher,</b> & similia, ipsi viderint qua ratione +faciant.</p> + + +<h3><b>M m m.</b></h3> + +<p><b>M</b> syllaba<span class="abbr">m</span> inchoans vero & omnibus linguis +vsitato sono compressis labiis effertur, vt +<b>ma, me, mi, mo, mu:</b> syllabam autem finiens +siue intra ipsam dictionem, siue in vltima vocabulorum, +perinde prorsus pronu<span class="abbr">n</span>tiatur vt <b>n,</b> +de qua mox dicemus, ita videlicet vt non modò +labia non occludantur, sed etiam linguæ +mucro dentium radicem non feriat, vt <b>temporel,</b> +temporalis, <b>hymne,</b> hymnus, <b>dommage,</b> da<span class="abbr">m</span>num, +<b>dam,</b> damnum, <b>nom,</b> nome<span class="abbr">n</span>, <b>haim,</b> hamus, +<b>faim,</b> fames, <b>temps,</b> tempus, perinde efferenda +acsi scriptum esset, <b>tanporel, hinne, donmage, +dan, non, hin, fin, tans.</b></p> + + +<h3><b>N n n.</b></h3> + +<p>Hæc quoque consona<span class="abbr">n</span>s syllabam inchoans +natiuum sonum retinet, vt, <b>na, ne,</b> +<span class="pagenum"> -31- </span> +<b>ni, no, nu:</b> intra dictionem autem, vel vltima<span class="abbr">m</span> +dictionis syllaba<span class="abbr">m</span> incipiens, sæpe sonu<span class="abbr">m</span> quenda<span class="abbr">m</span> +edit molle<span class="abbr">m</span> admodu<span class="abbr">m</span>, tum Hebræis tu<span class="abbr">m</span> Græcis, +tum etia<span class="abbr">m</span> fortasse Latinis ignotu<span class="abbr">m</span>, qua<span class="abbr">m</span>uis Italis +quoque & Hispanis familiare<span class="abbr">m</span>: que<span class="abbr">m</span> illi quidem +vt & Fra<span class="abbr">n</span>ci per <b>gn,</b> isti verò per <b>n</b> superinducta +lineola signatu<span class="abbr">m</span> scribunt, hoc charactere videlicet, +<b>ñ,</b> vt post <b>a, gagna,</b> post <b>e</b> clausum <b>gagner:</b> +post <b>e</b> fœmineu<span class="abbr">m</span>, <b>rongne:</b> post <b>i, ignorer, guigner:</b> +post <b>o, rognon:</b> post <b>eu, gaigneur:</b> quę pronuntiatio +eadem penè est, atque si hæc ita scribas & +pronunties vt dissyllaba, <b>gania, ganier, guinier, +ronion, ganieur, et iniorer</b> trissyllabu<span class="abbr">m</span>. Hinc factum +vt no<span class="abbr">n</span>nulli ante <b>on</b> in huiusmodi vocibus +<b>i</b> quiescens insera<span class="abbr">n</span>t, quod ego quide<span class="abbr">m</span> no<span class="abbr">n</span> probo, +quum potius si occurrerit sit expungendu<span class="abbr">m</span>. Sic +enim à nominibus <b>coin, tesmoin, et besoin,</b> deducuntur +verba, <b>cogner, tesmogner, et besogner:</b> quæ +nonnulli, interiecto altero <b>n,</b> scribu<span class="abbr">n</span>t <b>congner, +tesmongner, besongner.</b> Neque sanè temerè id +faciunt, quu<span class="abbr">m</span> sæpissimè sic gemine<span class="abbr">n</span>tur <b>m,</b> vt pro +<b>home,</b> homo, vsus obtinuit vt scribatur & pronuntietur +<b>hommé,</b> & <b>n</b> quoque in <b>bonne, sonner, +honneur, honneste</b> à Latinis vocibus Bona, Sonare, +Honor, Honestas: licet dicamus simplici +<b>n honorer & honorable,</b> ab Honorare & Honorabilis. +Sic etiam vel <b>g</b> expuncto scribendu<span class="abbr">m</span> +est <b>conoistre, & conoissance</b> vel in <b>n</b> mutato, <b>connoistre +et connoissance,</b> pro quibus vitiosè +scribi solet <b>cognoistre</b> & <b>cognoissance:</b> Cuiusmodi +<b>n</b> Hebræi non scriberent geminum, sed per +daghes forte quod voca<span class="abbr">n</span>t, aptissimo co<span class="abbr">m</span>pendio +<span class="pagenum"> -32- </span> +notarent, cuius exe<span class="abbr">m</span>plum nobis accommodatissimu<span class="abbr">m</span> +nostra hæc Francica lingua suppeditat +in diuersis dictionibus, quarum prior in <b>n,</b> +posterior verò incipit à vocali: Exempli gratia, +Francicè sic rectè scripseris, <b>Pierre s'en est +alle,</b> quod tamen sic efferendum est, <b>Pierre +s'en nest alle.</b> Sic, <b>on m'en a parle,</b> ac si scriptu<span class="abbr">m</span> +esset, <b>on m'en na parle,</b> illo videlicet prioris +dictionis <b>n</b> daghessato, & cum vocali sequentem +vocem incipie<span class="abbr">n</span>te coniuncta, pro eo quod +Parisie<span class="abbr">n</span>sium vulgus pronu<span class="abbr">n</span>tiat, <b>il sé nest alle, +on me na parle,</b> per <b>e</b> fœmineum vt in pronominibus +<b>sé</b> & <b>mé.</b> Sed hoc in primis curandum +est peregrinis omnibus quod antea in litera +<b>m</b> monui, nempe hanc literam quoties +syllabam finit, quasi dimidiato sono pronuntiandam +esse, mucrone videlicet linguæ minimè +illiso superiorum dentium radici, alioqui +futura molestissima pronuntiatione: quo vitio +inter Francos laborant etiamnum hodie +Nortmanni. Græcos autem haud aliter hanc +literam ante <span class="grec" title="k, g, ch">κ, γ, χ</span>, pronuntiare consueuisse +annotat ex Nigidio Figulo Agellius.</p> + + +<h3><b>P p.</b></h3> + +<p>Sicca est admodum huius literæ pronuntiatio +vt in reliquis linguis, sed in Fra<span class="abbr">n</span>cico +idiomate qua<span class="abbr">n</span>tum fieri potest emollitur, +syllabam in paucis finiens, vt in interiectionibus +<b>hip</b> quæ saltantis alacritatem indicat, & +<b>hop</b> aliquem inclamantis, vt apud Aristophanem +<span class="grec" title="batrachois">βατράχοις</span>, & vetere voce iam obsoleta +<span class="pagenum"> -33- </span> +<b>hanap</b> pro calice: <b>cap</b> promo<span class="abbr">n</span>torium: <b>coup</b> ictus: +vnde aduerbium <b>beaucoup: sep,</b> vitis. Germanis +verò danda est opera ne illam cum <b>b</b> confundant, +veluti cum bræceptor dicunt pro præceptor.</p> + + +<h3><b>Q q.</b></h3> + +<p>Hæc co<span class="abbr">n</span>sonans syllabam inchoans semper +habet <b>v</b> vocalem adiuncta<span class="abbr">m</span>, sed quiescentem +vt suo loco dicemus, & hoc vnum indicantem, +hanc consonantem, quæcunque sequatur +vocalis, ide<span class="abbr">m</span> valere atque K id est Gręcorum +Cappa, siue Hebræoru<span class="abbr">m</span> Coph, vt <b>quand,</b> +quando: <b>quant,</b> quantum: <b>que,</b> quod: <b>qui,</b> quis: +<b>quotidien</b> quotidianus: quasi scriptu<span class="abbr">m</span> sit <b>kand, +kant, ke, ki.</b> Redundat igitur litera C illi à quibusdam +præposita in nonnullis vocabulis, vt +<b>auecques, picquer,</b> nullo prorsus vsu, quum sufficiat +scribere <b>aueques & piquer.</b> Syllabam finit +quantum possum meminisse in hac vnica dictione +<b>Coq,</b> gallus gallinaceus: sed desinentia +in <b>c</b> plurima vocabula scribuntur per <b>qu</b> in deriuatis, +vt <b>rebequer, bequer, claquer, choquer, +defroquer, greque, fantastique, publique, croquer,</b> +à <b>rebec, bec, clac, choc, froc, grec, fantastic, +public, croc.</b> Quædam tamen eiusmodi forma<span class="abbr">n</span>t +deriuata non in <b>qu,</b> sed in <b>ch,</b> vt, <b>duché, sachet, +seche, rocher, de<i>i</i>ucher, acrocher,</b> à nominibus +<b>duc, sac, sec, roc, desiuc, croc.</b></p> + + +<h3><b>R r r.</b></h3> + +<p>HÆc litera siue inchoet siue finiat syllaba<span class="abbr">m</span>, +natiuo suo sono profertur. Immò quamuis +<span class="pagenum"> -34- </span> +sit omnium literarum asperrima, ideóque +apud Hebræos nunquam daghessetur, & Fra<span class="abbr">n</span>cicam +linguam constet molitiem pronuntiationis +in primis captare, tamen quu<span class="abbr">m</span> geminatur, +fortiter est efferenda, vna quide<span class="abbr">m</span> priorem +syllabam finie<span class="abbr">n</span>te, altera verò seque<span class="abbr">n</span>tem inchoante, +vt <b>barre, beurre, courre, errer, ferrer, +fourrer, quarre, verre.</b> Itaque cauendum est +Cenomanorum, Pictonu<span class="abbr">m</span> & Lotharingorum +vitium qui duplicem vt simplicem enuntia<span class="abbr">n</span>t: +quum tamen contrà iidem Cenomani simplicem +vt duplicem efferant, vt <b>fairre,</b> facere, & +<b>voirre,</b> verè. Parisienses autem, ac multo etiam +magis Altissiodorenses & mei Vezelij +simplicem etiam in s vertu<span class="abbr">n</span>t, vt <b>cour<i>i</i>n, Masie, +pese, mese, Theodose</b> pro <b>cousin, Marie, pere, +mere, Theodore:</b> quomodo etiam Romani +promiscue scripserunt Valesius & Valerius: +honos & honor: & flos & mos retinuerunt +pro flor & mor, vt ex obliquis floris & moris +apparet. Imo etiam veteres honosem pro honorem +scribebant, vt Festus testatur. Sed hoc +vitium in Francica lingua nullus mos excusat.</p> + + +<h3><b>S s s.</b></h3> + +<p>Hæc consonans suo natiuo sibilo semper +profertur dictionem incipiens, vt, <b>sage, +semer, signe, songe, surmonter.</b> Intra ipsam autem +dictione<span class="abbr">m</span>, si inter duas vocales deprehendatur, +vnam videlicet quæ syllabam præcede<span class="abbr">n</span>tem +finiat, & altera<span class="abbr">m</span> quæ ipsi sigmati adhæreat, +tunc lenissimo sibilo vt Zain Hebræorum & +Francorum Zeta, de quo mox dicemus, non +<span class="pagenum"> -35- </span> +autem vt Græcoru<span class="abbr">m</span> <span class="grec" title="z">ζ</span>, quod respo<span class="abbr">n</span>det Hebræorum +Tsade, pronuntiatur, vt <b>cause, desir, plaisir, +raison, baiser, creuser, priser, chose, oser, +vser, excuser,</b> quæ sic efferuntur ac si scriberetur, +<b>cauze, dezir, plaizir, raizon, baizer, creuzer, +prizer, choze, ozer, vzer, excuzer:</b> ídque vsque +adeò perpetuu<span class="abbr">m</span> est, vt etiam hæc litera dictionem +finiens, & inter duas vocales deprehensa +similiter pronuntietur vt <b>les ames, les asnes, +les engins, les instrumens, les ordures, les vsages,</b> +acsi scriberetur <b>lez ames, lez asnes, lez +engins, lez instrumens, lez ordures, les vsages.</b> +Quod si inter duas vocales duplex scripta co<span class="abbr">m</span>periatur, +tunc prior quidem quiescit, posterior +autem perfecto natiuóque suo sibilo profertur, +vt <b>aussi, baisser, laisser, chausse, chasser, +dessus, dessoubs, glisser, grossir, toussir,</b> & similia. +Idem statuendum quoties inter consonantem +præcedentem & vocalem adhærente<span class="abbr">m</span> occurrit, +vt <b>ainsi, transi, apprehension.</b> Itaque perperam +nonnulli <b>prinse, entreprinse, peinson,</b> scribunt +& pronuntiant. Quibus autem in syllabis +quæ pluribus consonantibus constant, hęc +litera sileat, suo loco dicemus.</p> + + +<h3><b>T t.</b></h3> + +<p>Hæc co<span class="abbr">n</span>sona<span class="abbr">n</span>s syllabam inchoans, siue sola +vt <b>ta, te, ti, to, tu:</b> siue cum <b>r,</b> vt <b>tra, tre, +tri, tro, tru,</b> (nam in Francica lingua vix aliam +sibi consonantem adsciscit) natiuum suum +sonum retinet à litera <b>d</b> distinctum. Hoc +obseruandum est Germanis, quibus mos est +has duas literas sæpissimè permutare. Syllabam +<span class="pagenum"> -36- </span> +verò nunquam finit intra dictiones, nisi +geminata ac proinde quiescens, vel aliâs superuacanea, +vt <b>lettre, mettre.</b> Cæterùm in +Francicis vocibus à Latinis in <b>tio</b> desinentibus +desumptis, (in quibus hęc co<span class="abbr">n</span>sonans scribitur) +nulla certè ratione, sed communi errore ab +iis qui vitiosè Latina pronuntiant, in peregrinas +quoque linguas propagato, hæc litera +pronuntiatur per <b>c</b> siue solum vt <b>interrogation, +disposition,</b> & similia plurima: siue cum <b>c,</b> vt +<b>affection,</b> affectio, quasi scriptum sit <b>interrogacïon, +disposicion, affeccion:</b> præcedente tamen +<b>s,</b> suum natiuum sonum seruat, vt <b>combustion.</b> +Quòd si dictionem finiat, sequente +quacunque consonante, quiescit, vt suo loco +dicemus. Sed huic literæ mirum quiddam +accidit, nempe vt, vbi nusquam apparet, tame<span class="abbr">n</span> +euphoniæ causa pronuntietur, vt si scribas <b>parle-il,</b> +loquitúrne? pronuntiandum erit interposito +<b>t,</b> etiam seruato <b>e</b> fœmineo, <b>parlet-il.</b> +Sic in tertiis personis singularibus futuri indicatiui +<b>ira-il, parlera-il,</b> & præsentis etiam +indicandi in quibusdam verbis, vt <b>va-il,</b> scribitur +quidem, sed pronuntiatur <b>irat-il, parlerat-il,</b> +quam pronuntiationem recentiores quida<span class="abbr">m</span> +ad normam scripturæ exigunt: sed hoc certè +facere saltem non possunt in tertia persona singulari +pręsentis te<span class="abbr">m</span>poris indicatiui primæ co<span class="abbr">n</span>iugationis +vt <b>a<i>i</i>me il</b>? Veteres autem maiores +nostros tertias personas singulares desinentes +in a, vt <b>va</b> vadit, & tertias singulares tum pręteritorum +perfectorum, vt <b>a<i>i</i>ma</b> amauit, tum +<span class="pagenum"> -37- </span> +futurorum vt <b>a<i>i</i>mera,</b> scripsisse & pronuntiasse +addito, <b>t</b> quod scribi paulatim desierit, indicat +Burgundorum dialectus, qui adhuc hodie +scribunt & pronuntiant, <b>Ié va, tu vas, il vat,</b> & +<b>i'aima, tu aimas, il aimat,</b> & <b>ié parlera, tu parleras, +il parlerat.</b></p> + + +<h3><b>X x.</b></h3> + +<p>Hæc litera in peregrinis dictionibus, necessitate +quadam Francicæ linguæ suauitati +veluti vim affere<span class="abbr">n</span>te, pronuntiatur pro duplici +<b>cc</b> vt <b>xerxes, Artaxerxes,</b> sic tamen vt in posteriore +istoru<span class="abbr">m</span> nominu<span class="abbr">m</span> syllaba audiatur alteru<span class="abbr">m</span> <b>c</b> +duntaxat, quasi scribatur <b>xerces Artaxerces.</b> Sic +etia<span class="abbr">m</span> syllaba<span class="abbr">m</span> finiens effertur, vt <b>exercer, exemplé, +executer,</b> etia<span class="abbr">m</span> vbi <b>c</b> redundat, vt <b>exces, excessif.</b> +In extremis verò dictionibus ide<span class="abbr">m</span> sonat prorsus +atque s, & partim vsu potius quàm firma +ratione vsurpatur, vt in dictionibus <b>noix,</b> nux: +<b>paix,</b> pax: <b>poix,</b> pix: & in nominibus numeralibus +<b>six,</b> sex, & <b>dix,</b> decem, & eoru<span class="abbr">m</span> deriuatis, vt +<b>sixiesme, dixiesme:</b> partim etiam ratione. Quu<span class="abbr">m</span> +enim in litera quotidiana & verè Fra<span class="abbr">n</span>cica qua<span class="abbr">m</span> +manu scriptam cursiuam vocant, vix ac ne vix +quidem discerni possent <b>n</b> & <b>u,</b> (quæ causa etiamnum +hodie cogit Germanos literam <b>u</b> ab +<b>n</b> imposito quodam apice distinguere) vsurpari +cæpit x pro s præcedente diphthongo <b>au</b> +vel <b>eu,</b> ne in pronuntiatione hallucinaretur, vt +<b>ceux, dieux, lieux, mieux,</b> ne quis si s adhibitum +esset, legeret <b>cens, diens, liens, miens.</b> +Itidémque vsus obtinuit vt scriberetur <b>cheuaux, +maux,</b> & similia, ne quis legeret <b>cheuans +et mans.</b> +<span class="pagenum"> -38- </span></p> + + +<h3>De <b>y</b> quod u Græcum falsò vocant.</h3> + +<p>Quum hanc litera<span class="abbr">m</span> videre<span class="abbr">m</span> non modò promiscuè +& nulla prorsus ratione inscribe<span class="abbr">n</span>da +Fra<span class="abbr">n</span>cica lingua vsurpari, sed etia<span class="abbr">m</span> falsò <b>i</b> Gręcu<span class="abbr">m</span> +vocari, quu<span class="abbr">m</span> <span class="grec" title="u">υ</span> Græcoru<span class="abbr">m</span> non sit <b>i,</b> sed <b>u</b> illud +exile crassæ diphthongo <b>ou</b> oppositum, videor +mihi tande<span class="abbr">m</span> co<span class="abbr">m</span>perisse quod res est: nunqua<span class="abbr">m</span> videlicet +maiores illos nostros de isto <b>i</b> Græco +cogitasse, sed duplex <span class="grec" title="i">ι</span> vocale scripsisse, vt nu<span class="abbr">n</span>c +quoque Germani scribunt, hac nimiru<span class="abbr">m</span> forma +<b>ij:</b> quæ facilè postea in <b>y</b> degenerarit, & <b>u</b> Græcum +vocari cœpit, quod eius forma<span class="abbr">m</span>, Latinis +descriptorib<span class="abbr">us</span> familiare<span class="abbr">m</span>, imitaretur. Sic etia<span class="abbr">m</span> corrupta +iampride<span class="abbr">m</span> Græca pronu<span class="abbr">n</span>tiatione factu<span class="abbr">m</span> vt +<span class="grec" title="u">υ</span> cu<span class="abbr">m</span> iota co<span class="abbr">n</span>fundatur. Vsus aute<span class="abbr">m</span> istius duplicis +<b>ij</b> fuit du<span class="abbr">n</span>taxat post <b>a<i>i</i></b> & <b>o<i>i</i></b> diphtho<span class="abbr">n</span>gos occure<span class="abbr">n</span>tib<span class="abbr">us</span> +diphtho<span class="abbr">n</span>gis aliis ab <b>i</b> incipie<span class="abbr">n</span>tib<span class="abbr">us</span>, puta <b>ia,</b> +vel <b>ie,</b> aut triphto<span class="abbr">n</span>gis <b>iau</b> vel <b>ieu,</b> vt <b>plaije: aije: +loijal: roijal: loijauté: ioije: ioijeux: loijaux:</b> in +cuiusmodi dictionibus vitio scripturæ tripliciter +vitiata fuit pronuntiatio. Na<span class="abbr">m</span> alij sic ista +efferunt posteriore <b>i</b> eliso, acsi scriptum esset +<b>joi,eux: loi,al: moi,en: plai,e.</b> Alij, vt Aurelij, +corruptissimè posterius <b>i</b> pronuntiant, vt consonantem, +priore <b>i</b> expuncto, <b>a,ié: jo,je: io,jeux: +lo,jal:</b> quas prolationes omnes constat +vitiosas esse, & illam veram prolationem retinendam +in qua diphtho<span class="abbr">n</span>gus gemina, aut diphthongus +& triphthongus distinctè audiuntur, +nempe <b>plai,ié: ai,ié: pai,ier: pai,iement: ioi,ié: ioi,ieux: +moi,ien: loi,ial: loi,iauté: roi,ial: monnoi,ieur.</b> +Sic maiores nostri primas personas singulares +<span class="pagenum"> -39- </span> +præt. imper. tu<span class="abbr">m</span> indicatiui modi, vt <b>ai,moi,ie,</b> +tum optandi, vt <b>ai,me,roi,ié,</b> enu<span class="abbr">n</span>tiabant, quod +vsurpauit etiam Marotus Psalmo 23. nempe +<b>vien,droi,ie,</b> & <b>craindroi,ie,</b> trissyllaba: pro +quibus postea vsus obtinuit, vt, extrita diphthongo +<b>ie,</b> scribamus & efferamus <b>aimoi, aimeroi, +viendroi, craindroi:</b> sæpe etiam addito <b>s,</b> +quæ tamen est propria, Græcorum more, secundæ +personę singularis nota, nempe <b>aimois, +aimerois, viendrois, craindrois.</b> Sic enim etiam +Marotus in quadam Epistola vsum potius +quàm rationem sequutus,</p> + +<div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <span class="i0"><b>O noble Roy François,</b></span><br> + <span class="i0"><b>Pardonné moi, car ailleurs ié pensois.</b></span> + </div> +</div> + +<p>Sed & iidem nostri maiores eandem rationem +olim sequebantur in tertiis pluralibus +personis, per <b>e</b> tantum fœmininum in vltima +syllaba efferendis, puta <b>aimoi,ent: ai,me,roi,ent:</b> +quæ pronuntiatio dupliciter postea corrumpi +cœpit. Quidam enim expuncto <b>i</b> pronuntiant, +<b>aimoent:</b> & <b>aimeroent,</b> per <b><i>e</i></b> clausum, sicut +Pictones adhuc hodie tertias personas plurales, +<b>aiment, disent,</b> sic efferu<span class="abbr">n</span>t vt participia <b>aimant, +disant.</b> Aliquj verò, vt Tholosates & +alij plerique Aquitani, extrito <b>e</b> pronuntiant +<b>ai,moint,</b> & <b>ai,me,roint,</b> diphthongo <b>oi</b> suo natiuo +sono prolata vt in his vocibus, <b>soin, besoin, +tesmoin.</b> At nunc Franci rectè pronuntiantes: +quanuis verere manente scriptura, sic ista efferunt, +vt plures personæ, <b>aimoïent, aimeroïent,</b> +non sono sed solo accentu circumflexo differant +à singularibus, <b>aimoit, aimeroit,</b> vt si scribatur, +<span class="pagenum"> -40- </span> +<b>a<i>i</i>mô<i>i</i>t, a<i>i</i>merô<i>i</i>t.</b></p> + +<p>Leuis autem erit huius literæ emendatio, +charactere minimè immutato, sed duplici tantu<span class="abbr">m</span> +apice huic formæ <b>ij</b> imposito, vt iam omnes +nullum hic esse Græcum <span class="grec" title="u">υ</span> norint, sed duplex +iJ, nusquam alibi scribendum quàm post +diphthongos <b>a<i>i</i></b> vel <b>o<i>i</i>,</b> sequentibus quas dixi, +vel diphthongis vel triphthongis.</p> + + +<h3><b>z.</b></h3> + +<p>Hæc litera respondens Hebræorum zain, +non autem eorundem Tsade, nec Latinorum +Zetæ, dictiones aliquas peregrinas inchoat +vt <b>zephire, zacinthe.</b> Vsus etiam obtinuit +necessitate quadam vt in nomine numerali +<b>vnze,</b> scribatur, quia si <b>s</b> scriberetur, tum +integro sibilo pronuntiaretur <b>vnsse,</b> ne<span class="abbr">m</span>pe <b>s</b> inter +consonantem præcedentem & vocalem +sequentem deprehensa, sicuti in sigmate diximus. +At vsus postea, non eadem ratio, effecit +vt similiter scribatur, <b>douze, trezé, quatorze, +quinze, seze,</b> sicut etia<span class="abbr">m</span> scribimus <b>ozeille,</b> oxalis. +Commodè verò mihi facere vide<span class="abbr">n</span>tur qui personas +secundas plurales verborum, vt à pluralibus +rectis nominum substantiuorum distinguantur, +hac litera finiunt in <b><i>e</i></b> clausum desinentes, +vt <b>a<i>i</i>mez, a<i>i</i>merez.</b></p> + + + + +<h2>De diphthongis Francicis.</h2> + + +<p>Hactenus de simplicium literarum pronuntiatione +disseruimus. Nunc de syllabis +<span class="pagenum"> -41- </span> +quæ ex duabus vocalibus coalescentibus +conficiuntur dicemus, quas diphthongos, id +est, geminisonas appella<span class="abbr">n</span>t. Sunt autem eę in duplici +differentia. Nam in vnis neutra vocalis +auditur, sed tertius quidem sonus ex vtraque +conflatus: in aliis verò vtraque profertur, sed +in vnicam syllabam coïens. Sunt autem nouem +numero, nempe, <b>a<i>i</i>, au, ao, ei, eu, o<i>i</i>, ou, ue, u<i>i</i>.</b></p> + + +<h3><b>A<i>i</i>.</b></h3> + +<p>Hanc diphthongum maiores nostri, vt & +Græci omnes, quibus nulla est diphtho<span class="abbr">n</span>gus +ex <b>a</b> & <b>e</b> constituta, & veteres Latini sic +efferebant vt <b>a</b> & <b><i>i</i>,</b> raptim tamen & vno vocis +tractu prolata<span class="abbr">m</span>, quomodo efferimus interiectione<span class="abbr">m</span> +incitantis <b>ha<i>i</i>, ha<i>i</i>,</b> non dissyllaba<span class="abbr">m</span>, vt +in participio <b>ha<i>i</i>,</b> exosus, sed vt monosyllabam +sicut Picardi interiores hodie quoque +hanc vocem <b>aimer,</b> pronuntiant. Sicut autem +posteriores Latini Aulai & Pictai dissyllaba, +quæ poetæ per <span class="grec" title="dialysin">διάλυσιν</span> trissyllaba fecerunt, +mutarunt in Aulæ & Pictę, ita etia<span class="abbr">m</span> Franci, +licet seruata vetere scriptura, cœperunt ha<span class="abbr">n</span>c +diphthongum per <b>ae</b> pronuntiare: sic tamen vt +in eius prolatione neque <b>a</b> neque <b><i>e</i></b> audiatur, +sed mixtus ex hac vtraque vocali tertius sonus, +is videlicet quem <b>e</b> aperto attribuimus. +Quum enim vocalis <b><i>e</i></b> propriè penè coniunctis +dentibus enuntietur, (qui sonus est <b><i>e</i></b> que<span class="abbr">m</span> +clausum vocauimus) in hac diphthongo adiectum +<b>a</b> prohibet dentes occludi, & vicissim +<span class="pagenum"> -42- </span> +<b>e</b> vetat ne <b>a</b> claro illo & sonoro suo proferatur. +Exemplo sunt hæ voces, <b>parfaite</b> & <b>Prophete,</b> +quarum penultimæ non vno modo scribuntur, +sed eodem penitus sono enuntientur. +Sic prior syllaba in <b>maistre</b> & media in <b>permettre,</b> +non sono sed sola quantitate differu<span class="abbr">n</span>t. +Nam in illa quidem longa est per <b>s</b> quiescens +notata, ista verò breuis est, in qua prius <b>t</b> quiescit, +ostendens <b>e,</b> non esse clausum, sed apertum. +Sed duo sunt præterea in hac diphthongo +notanda. Vnum, interdum per <span class="grec" title="dialysin">διάλυσιν</span> esse +pronuntianda<span class="abbr">m</span>: vt in verbo <b>hair,</b> odisse, dissyllabo, +& aliquot huius verbi personis, vt <b>haïsse,</b> +odissem: <b>haissoie,</b> oderam: quum tamen in +themate dicamus <b>hai, hais, hait,</b> monosyllaba, & +in nomine verbali <b>haine,</b> dissyllabum: quæ vsu +discuntur. Alterum, in hac diphthongo nonnunquam +<b>a</b> penitus quiescere, & solùm <b>i</b> audiri, +sicut dicemus in literarum quiesce<span class="abbr">n</span>tium +tractatu. Neque hîc mihi dissimulandum videtur +vulgi Parisiensium vitiu<span class="abbr">m</span>, qui <b>faisant,</b> <span class="ryth">|-<!— —>-|</span> participium +pronuntiant <b>fesant,</b> <span class="ryth">|u-|</span> Spondęo in +Iambum mutato. Denique & illud notandum +est, hanc diphthongum interdum scribi quidem, +sed pronuntiatione cum diphthongo <b>ei</b> +confundi. Nam scribimus quidem <b>bain,</b> balneum: +& <b>gain,</b> lucrum: & <b>plain,</b> planus: quæ tamen +sic efferimus vt si scriptum esset <b>bein, +guein, plein:</b> integra tamen in deriuatis restituta +diphthongo, vt <b>plaine,</b> plana: <b>baigner,</b> balneare, +pro quo tamen extrito <b>i</b> multi pronuntiant +<b>bagner.</b> Sic etiam à voce <b>gain</b> deducitur +<span class="pagenum"> -43- </span> +verbum <b>gaigner,</b> vt à Picardis adhuc hodie profertur. +Purius autem loquentes hodie, eliso <b>i</b> +pronuntiant <b>gagner.</b> Idem contigit in his vocibus +<b>guairir,</b> & <b>guairison,</b> quas plerique extrito +<b>i</b> proferunt, <b>guarir</b> & <b>guarison.</b> Mihi tamen illa +vetustior pronuntiatio magis probatur.</p> + + +<h3><b>Au</b> & <b>ao.</b></h3> + +<p>Hæc quoque diphthongus aliter pronuntiatur +quàm scribatur: sic nimirum vt vel +parum vel nihil admodum differat ab <b>o</b> vocali, +vt, <b>aux,</b> allia: <b>paux,</b> pali: <b>vaux,</b> valles: quæ vix aliter +mihi videntur sonare quàm in <b>os,</b> ossa: +<b>vos,</b> vestri: <b>propos,</b> propositum. Normanni verò +sic illa sonorè pronuntiant vt <b>a</b> & <b>o</b> audiatur, +vt qui dicant <b>autant,</b> perinde penè acsi scriptum +esset <b>a, o, tant:</b> fiúntque fortasse antiqua & +vera huius diphthongi tum prolatio tum scriptura +quę in pauculis adhuc dictionibus à no<span class="abbr">n</span>nullis +seruatur, nempe in <b>paon,</b> pauo: <b>faon,</b> fœtus, +in quibus nunc <b>o</b> quiescit. Pronuntiamus +enim <b>pan,</b> & <b>fan.</b> At in verbo <b>faonner,</b> quod de +ceruarum partu dicitur, mansit & scriptura & +pronuntiatio huius diphthongi integra. Sic +veteres Franci scribebant & pronuntiabant +<b>paour,</b> pauor. At nunc sic quidem plerunque +hæc dictio scribitur, sed tamen effertur per +<b>eu</b> diphthongum, acsi scriberemus <b>peur.</b> In +duobus aute<span class="abbr">m</span> istis vocabulis <b>paoure,</b> pauper, & +<b>paovreté,</b> paupertas, videtur <b>o</b> insertum ne quis +<span class="pagenum"> -44- </span> +pronu<span class="abbr">n</span>tiare <b>pou,ré,</b> & <b>pou,rè,té,</b> per <b>ou,</b> diphtho<span class="abbr">n</span>gum. +Sed vitari facilius hoc potuit, si vel vt +maiores nostri vsurpato charactere <b>v</b> consonantis +scriberetur, <b>povre,</b> & <b>povreté,</b> vel per <b>au</b> +diphthongum <b>pauvre</b> & <b>pauvreté,</b> vt hodie no<span class="abbr">n</span>nulli +scribunt. Itaque vt ad diphthongum <b>au</b> +reuertar, quum initio scriberetur & efferretur +per <b>ao,</b> quam prolationem Normanni retine<span class="abbr">n</span>t, +<b>o</b> paulatim in <b>u</b> mutatum fuit: vnde tandem +tertia hodie vsitata prolatio nata est, <b>a</b> extrito, +& hac diphthongo vt <b>o</b> simplex pronuntiata. +Sed hîc obseruandum est si hanc scripturam +proximè sequatur aliqua vocalis, tunc +nullum esse huic diphthongo locum, sed <b>v</b> +esse consonans quam digamma Æolicum vocauimus, +& eum illa proximè sequente vocali +cohærere, vt <b>avare,</b> auarus: <b>avanture,</b> euentus +fortuitus: <b>aviron,</b> remus: <b>avorter,</b> abortire: <b>avoir,</b> +habere: <b>Auvergné,</b> Aluernia. Pręterea istud +quoque prætereundum non est, hanc diphtho<span class="abbr">n</span>gum +sæpissimè nasci ex <b>al</b> syllaba in deriuatis +à Latino sermone deductis, vt <b>aultre,</b> ab alter: +<b>hault,</b> ab altus, & alia plurima: sic tamen vt +si occurrerit in vltima syllaba, seruetur in recto +singulari, mutetur autem in <b>au</b> in plurali, +vt <b>mal,</b> malum: <b>maux,</b> mala: <b>cheual,</b> caballus: +<b>cheuaux,</b> caballi. Postremò & illud est obseruandum, +errore factum vt in futuro indicatiui, +præterito imperfecto coniunctiui, ab +infinito modo verbi habere, <b>u</b> consonans, +tanquam vocalis in hanc diphthongum <b>au</b> +coiens, pronuntiari cœperit, ne<span class="abbr">m</span>pe vt <b>au,rai: au,ras:</b> +<span class="pagenum"> -45- </span> +<b>au,ra: au,rons: au,rez: au,ront:</b> quu<span class="abbr">m</span> & infinitus +modus à quo futurum indicandi modi formari +consueuit, nempe <b>avoir,</b> & ipsum etymo<span class="abbr">n</span> +Latinæ dictionis, manifestè conuincant <b>v</b> +consonantem esse in hoc toto verbo, in quam +<b>b</b> litera fuit mutata: sicut <b>p</b> mutata etiam est +in eandem consonantem in verbo Recipere, +<b>recevoir,</b> vnde deducitur futuru<span class="abbr">m</span> <b>recevrai.</b> Itaq. +no<span class="abbr">n</span> dubiu<span class="abbr">m</span> est quin maiores nostri pronuntiare<span class="abbr">n</span>t +<b>a,vrai: a,vras:</b> & sic deinceps, vt Itali hauero, +hauerai, hauera, haueremo, hauerete, hauera<span class="abbr">n</span>to. +Vsus autem postea obtinuit vt extrito <b>u</b> +dici cœperit, <b>arai, aras, ara, arons, arez, aront,</b> +quod quidem illi per manifestam inscitiam +inuectæ pronuntiationi anteposuerim.</p> + + +<h3><b>E<i>i</i>.</b></h3> + +<p>Hæc diphthongus non profertur nisi mox +sequente <b>n,</b> & ita pronuntiatur vt paululum +prorsus ab <b><i>i</i></b> simplici differat, vt <b>gueine,</b> +vagina: <b>plein,</b> plenus: cuius tamen fœmininum +<b>plene,</b> vsus obtinuit vt absq<span class="abbr">ue</span> <b><i>i</i></b> scribatur & efferatur, +Picardis exceptis, qui vt sunt vetustatis +tenaces, scribunt & integro sono pronuntia<span class="abbr">n</span>t +<b>pleine.</b> Idem autem vsus effecit, vt in Francicis +non paucis dictionibus à Latinis per <b><i>i</i></b> simplex +scriptis deductæ, hæc diphthongus scribatur +expresso etiam <b><i>e</i>,</b> sed vsque adeò obscurè +& correptè, vt vix eius sonus sentiatur, vt +<b>sein,</b> sinus: <b>ceindre,</b> cingere: <b>feindré,</b> fingere: <b>peindre,</b> +pingere: <b>teindre,</b> tingere: <b>veincre,</b> vincere: +<span class="pagenum"> -46- </span> +cum deriuatis. Præterea obseruandæ sunt +dictiones quæ nonnisi per <span class="grec" title="dialysin">διάλυσιν</span> scribuntur +& efferuntur, vt <b>reiterer,</b> reiterare, quatuor syllabarum: +& <b>obeir,</b> trissyllabum, cum suis deriuatis. +Denique ante duplex <b>ll</b> scribitur quidem +<b>ei</b> sed <b>i</b> quiescente, & solo <b>e,</b> aperto pronuntiato, +vt <b>treillé,</b> pergula: <b>treillis,</b> cancelli: <b>corneille,</b> +cornix: <b>corbeille,</b> corbis: <b>veille,</b> vigilia: +<b>veiller,</b> vigilare.</p> + + +<h3><b>Eu.</b></h3> + +<p>In hac diphthongo neutra vocalis distinctè, +sed sonus quidem ex <b>e</b> & <b>u</b> temperatus +auditur, quem & Græcis & Latinis ignotum +vix liceat vlla descriptione peregrinis +exprimere, vt <b>beuf, ceux, eux, feu, ieu, ieux, ioi<i>i</i>eux, +alleu,</b> allodium: <b>neuf,</b> noue<span class="abbr">m</span>: <b>peu,</b> paucu<span class="abbr">m</span>: <b>seur,</b> soror: +<b>veu,</b> votum: & similia, in quorum nonnullis +Picardi nescio quo modo elidunt <b>e,</b> vt +quum pronuntiant <b>diu,</b> & <b>iu,</b> pro <b>Dieu</b> & +<b><i>i</i>eu.</b> Sic apud eos qui purius Fra<span class="abbr">n</span>cicè loqui existimantur +vsus obtinuit vt <b>e</b> exteratur, primu<span class="abbr">m</span> +in quibusdam nominibus & verbis quæ vsu +potius quàm vllis regulis dignoscuntur, vt +<b>seur,</b> securus. (Nam in <b>seur</b> pro sorore diphthongus +integra auditur: <b>sur</b> verò pro austero +gustu, & pro Super, simplici <b>u</b> scribitur) vnde +<b>seurté,</b> securitas: <b>asseurer,</b> & <b>asseurance,</b> quasi +assecurare, & assecuratione<span class="abbr">m</span> dicas: <b>meureté,</b> maturitas: +<b>meur,</b> maturus. Et in genere per <b>u</b> vocalem +simplicem à rectè pronuntiantibus efferuntur +<span class="pagenum"> -47- </span> +quæcunque verbalia desinunt in <b>eure,</b> +longum, vt <b>blesseure,</b> læsura: <b>casseure,</b> fractura: +<b>naureure,</b> vulneratio: <b>rompeure,</b> ruptura ab infinitis, +<b>blesser, casser, naurer, rompre.</b> Idem +obseruandum est in omnibus participiis præteriti +temporis passiuis, tum masculinis tum +fœmininis in hanc diphthongum terminatis, +vt <b>eu,</b> habitus, <b>eue,</b> habita, (quas voces Aurelij +& vicini Carnutes, vitiosissimè efferunt per +<span class="grec" title="dialysin">διάλυσιν</span> eü, vt dissyllabum) <b>beu, beue,</b> bibitus, +ta: <b>receu, receue,</b> receptus, ta: <b>creu, creue,</b> creditus, +ta: <b>deu, deue,</b> debitus, bita: <b>leu, leue,</b> +lectus, lecta: <b>meu, meue,</b> motus, mota: +<b>seu, seue,</b> scitus, scita: <b>teu, teue,</b> tacitus, ta: <b>veu, +veue,</b> visus, visa, & alia eiusmodi. Idem obseruandu<span class="abbr">m</span> +in subiunctiui modi tempore imperfecto, +vt <b>seusse,</b> scirem: <b>eusse,</b> haberem: quæ tamen +omnia tum nomina tum participia, Carnutes, +(vt dixi) & Normanni hac integra diphtho<span class="abbr">n</span>go +proferunt vt & Aquitani interiores +apud quos poetas sæpe inuenias falsa <span class="grec" title="homoioteleuta">ὁμοιοτελεύτα</span> +hac diphthongo, vt <b>heur</b> & <b>dur: engrauure</b> +& <b>figure: heure,</b> & <b>nature.</b></p> + +<p>Quod autem diximus de diphthongo <b>au,</b> +est etiam in ista obseruandum, nempe vocali +proximè sequente nullum esse huic diphthongo +locum: sed <b>v</b> consonantem esse, & cum illa +vocali cohærere, vt <b>severité,</b> seueritas quatuor +syllabarum: <b>rece,vrai,</b> recipiam: <b>aperce,vrai,</b> percipiam.</p> + + +<h3><b>Oi.</b></h3> + +<p>Hæc diphthongus natiuo suo sono, id est, +vtraq. correptè prolata vocali profertur, +<span class="pagenum"> -48- </span> +quoties cum illa cohæret <b>n,</b> vt <b>moins,</b> minus: +<b>moindre,</b> minor: <b>soin,</b> sollicitudo: <b>loin,</b> +longè: <b>besoin,</b> necessitas: <b>tesmoin,</b> testis, quibus +dictionibus extremis imperitè nonnulli <b>g</b> adiiciunt. +Sin minùs, id est, nisi <b>n</b> habeat adiunctum, +non amplius diphthongi, sed triphthongi +sono pronuntiatur, ne<span class="abbr">m</span>pe vt <b>oai,</b> & diphthongus +<b>a<i>i</i>,</b> pro æ siue pro <b>e</b> aperto, vt <b>loi,</b> lex: <b>loix,</b> +leges: <b>moi,</b> ego: <b>mois,</b> mensis: <b>roi,</b> rex: <b>soi,</b> se: <b>to<i>i</i>,</b> +tu: <b>voi,</b> video, quas dictiones vulgo vitiosè per +falsum <b>y</b> Græcum scribunt, vt suo loco diximus. +Huius autem diphthongi piguiorem & +latiorem sonum nonnulli vitantes, expungunt +<b>o,</b> & sola<span class="abbr">m</span> diphthongu<span class="abbr">m</span> <b>a<i>i</i>,</b> id est <b>e</b> apertum retinuerunt, +vt Normanni, qui pro <b>foi,</b> fides, scribunt +& pronuntiant <b>fa<i>i</i>:</b> & vulgus Parisiensum +<b>parlet,</b> loquebatur: <b>allet,</b> ibat: <b>venet,</b> veniebat, +pro <b>parloit, alloit, venoit,</b> & Italo-franci pro +<b>Anglois, François, Escossois,</b> pronuntiant, +<b>Anglès, Francès, Escossès,</b> per <b>e</b> apertu<span class="abbr">m</span> ab +Italis nominibus Inglese, Francese, Scosese. +Nam ab hac triphthongo sic abhorret Italica +lingua vt <b>toi, moi,</b> & similia per dialysin, producto +etiam <b>o</b> pronuntient <b>fo,<i>i</i>,</b> & <b>mo,<i>i</i></b> dissyllaba.</p> + +<p>Corruptissimè verò Parisiensum vulgus +Dores <span class="grec" title="plataizontas">πλαταΐζοντας</span> imitati, pro, <b>voirre,</b> vitrum: +siue vt alij scribunt, <b>verre, foirre,</b> palea +farracea: scribunt & pronuntiant <b>voarre,</b> & +<b>foarre:</b> itidémque pro <b>trois,</b> tres, <b>troas,</b> +& <b>tras.</b> +<span class="pagenum"> -49- </span></p> + + +<h3><b>Ou.</b></h3> + +<p>In hac diphthongo neque <b>o</b> sonorum neque +<b>u</b> exile, sed mixtus ex vtroque sonus +auditur, quo Græci quidem veteres suum <span class="grec" title="ou">ȣ</span> +Romani verò suum v vocale, vt & nunc Germani, +efferebant: vnde illud accidit, vt nunqua<span class="abbr">m</span> +in Latina lingua hæc diphthongus scriberetur. +Sed hîc, vt antè admonui cauendum est, +ne vel Lugdunensium qui <b>ou</b> pro <b>o,</b> vt <b>noustré, +voustre,</b> pro <b>nostre, vostre,</b> vel Delphinatum +& Sabaudorum vitium sequamur, qui errore +contrario <b>o</b> pro <b>ou</b> proferunt, vt <b>cop, beaucop, +oi, torment, dolour,</b> pro <b>coup, beaucoup, oui, tourment, +douleur.</b></p> + + +<h3><b>Ie.</b></h3> + +<p>Hæc etiam vtraque vocalis raptim pronuntiata +coalescit in vnicam syllabam, vt +<b>biere,</b> zytum vel sandapila: <b>tiede,</b> tepidus dissyllaba: +& fœminina omnia adiectiua à masculinis +in <b>ier,</b> vt <b>entiere, merciere, chambriere:</b> tum +post diphtho<span class="abbr">n</span>gos <b>ai,</b> vt <b>plaije, joi,</b> vt <b>ioije, eu,</b> vt +<b>ioijeux, ui,</b> vt <b>Essuijer, ennuijer:</b> tum ante <b>u</b> simplex, +vt <b>ieux,</b> oculi, <b>vieux,</b> veteres, monosyllaba: +tum ante <b>d,</b> in vnico nomine <b>pied,</b> pes, +vt scribunt & pronuntiant integrè Picardi: tu<span class="abbr">m</span> +ante <b>l,</b> vt, <b>ciel, fiel, miel, viel.</b> Itidem ante <b>n</b> +vel cum ipsa diphthongo coalescens, vt <b>bien, +chien,</b> in quibus tamen vocibus diximus <b><i>e</i></b> vt <b><i>i</i></b> +proferri acsi scriptum sit <b>biin, chiin,</b> vel separatim +vt <b>chiene, miene,</b> dissyllaba: <b>Estienne,</b> trissyllabum. +<span class="pagenum"> -50- </span> +Item ante <b>r,</b> siue in prima syllaba, vt +<b>tiercement,</b> trissyllabum: siue in fine, vt <b>acier</b> +chalybs, <b>cordier,</b> & <b>f<i>i</i>er, hier,</b> monosyllaba, +<b>cheualier,</b> trissyllabum: <b>premier, panier, tripier: +requier,</b> requiro: <b>brasier,</b> prunæ: <b>chaussetier.</b> +Excipe infinitos omnes modos verborum +actiuorum in <b>ier</b> desinentes, qui omnes +per <span class="grec" title="dialysin">διάλυσιν</span> proferuntur, vt <b>fier,</b> fidere: <b>nier,</b> negare, +dissyllaba: quod valet etiam in verbalibus +inde deductis, vt <b>renieur, ennvieux,</b> ab infinitis +<b>renier, ennuier,</b> & nominibus in <b>ieux,</b> quæ +à Latinis in osus oriuntur, vt <b>curieux,</b> curiosus: +trissyllabum, & similia.</p> + + +<h3><b>ui.</b></h3> + +<p>In hac quoque diphthongo merè Græca +vtraque auditur vocalis vno tractu pronuntiata, +vt <b>buis,</b> buxus, <b>huis,</b> hostium: <b>lui,</b> ipse: +<b>mui,</b> modius: <b>nuict,</b> nox: <b>nui,</b> noceo: <b>puis,</b> post: +<b>sui,</b> sequor: <b>suis,</b> sum: <b>ruis,</b> antiquum Francicu<span class="abbr">m</span> +nomen pro riuo, vnde <b>ruisseau,</b> riuulus: quę omnes +dictiones, vt & similes aliæ, sunt monosyllabæ. +Sic <b>huistre,</b> ostrea dissyllabum est, <b>destruire,</b> +trissyllabum <b>reconduire,</b> tetrassyllabo: +& alia quamplurima. Sed obseruanda est syllaba +<b>vi</b> per digamma Æolicum efferenda, & ab +hac diphthongo prorsus diuersa, vt <b>vivre, vie, +victoire, vin.</b> Nam ab hac diphthongo nulla +Francica dictio inchoatur. Sic etiam <b>envie</b> & +<b>envieux,</b> & alia similia non hac diphthongo, +<span class="pagenum"> -51- </span> +sed Æolico digammate siue <b>v</b> consonante +pronuntiantur.</p> + + + + +<h2>De falsis diphthongis duabus <b>ea</b> & <b>eo.</b></h2> + + +<p>Falsò inter diphthongos à grammaticis +nostris nonnullis istæ vocalium coniunctiones +refertur quum <b>e</b> in vtraque quiescat, +sicut in <b>g</b> litera diximus: nec aliam +ob causam adhibeatur, quàm vt significet +<b>g</b> in his dictionibus non sicut ante <b>a</b> & <b>o</b> +consueuit, suo natiuo sono, sed pro <b>j</b> consonante +proferendum, vt <b>mangea</b> & <b>flageolet,</b> +quasi scribatur <b>manja</b> & <b>flajolet.</b> Species tamen +quędam est prioris diphtho<span class="abbr">n</span>gi in <b>oui dea,</b> +vt maiores nostri loquebantur, pro eo quod +nunc dicimus <b>ou<i>i</i> da,</b> affirmationem augentes: +quam particulam subtiliter nonnulli volunt +esse Gręcorum <span class="grec" title="dê">δη</span> Doricè mutatum. Hoc +verò ne cui videri possit inane commentum, +sciat adhuc apud Aurelios vsitatissimum esse +iurisiurandi speciem <b>ma d<i>i</i>a,</b> id est <span class="grec" title="ma dia">μὰ δία</span>, & +<b>n<i>i</i> da,</b> quod est manifestè Græcorum <span class="grec" title="nê dia">νὴ δία</span>.</p> + + + + +<h2>De Francicis triphthongis.</h2> + + +<p>Habent etiam triphthongos Franci, alias +quidem veras & legitimas, nempe <b>eau,</b> & +<b>ieu,</b> alias vero falsò sic appellatas, nempe <b>iei +veu, oui:</b> alias denique mutata pronuntiatione +<span class="pagenum"> -52- </span> +non modò iam superfluas, sed etiam noxias, ac +meritò, si pati posset linguę consuetudo, expu<span class="abbr">n</span>gendas, +cuiusmodi sunt <b>iei, ueu, oui.</b></p> + + +<h3><b>Eau.</b></h3> + +<p>In hac triphthongo auditur <b><i>e</i></b> clausum cum +diphthongo <b>au,</b> quasi scribas <b>eo,</b> vt <b>eau,</b> aqua: +(quam vocem maiores nostri scribeba<span class="abbr">n</span>t & +proferebant addito <b>e</b> fœminino <b>eaue</b>) <b>seau,</b> +situla: <b>ruisseau,</b> riuulus: <b>veau,</b> vitulus: <b>beau,</b> bellus, +sequente consonante, vt <b>vn beau manteau, +vn beau garçon.</b> Nam sequente vocali dicimus +<b>bel,</b> vt <b>vn bel homme, vn bel accord:</b> vnde +oritur fœmininum <b>belle,</b> bella. Vitanda est autem +vitiosissima vulgi Parisiensis pronuntiatio +in hac triphthongo, nempe <b>liaue,</b> & <b>liau,</b> +pro <b>leau, beau, ruisseau,</b> & similia.</p> + + +<h3><b>Ieu.</b></h3> + +<p>Auditur etiam in hac triphthongo <b>i</b> vocalis +cum diphthongo <b>eu,</b> raptim pronuntiata, +vt <b>cieux,</b> cœli: <b>Dieu,</b> Deus: <b>dieux,</b> dij: +<b>lieu,</b> locus: <b>lieux,</b> loci: <b>ieux,</b> oculi, à singulari obsoleto, +<b>ieul,</b> quo vulgus Parisiensum adhuc vtitur. +Est autem hæc dictio à vocabulo <b>jeux,</b> ioci, +discernenda, in qua <b>i</b> non est vocalis, sed co<span class="abbr">n</span>sonans. +Et hîc monendi sunt Germani vt paulatim +huic triphthongo raptim pronuntiandæ +assuefiant, vtpote qui <b>Dieu</b> quasi dissyllabum, +& quidem priore <b>e</b> producta, proferre +<span class="pagenum"> -53- </span> +consueuerint. Et hæ quidem sunt veræ diphthongi: +quæ verò sequuntur sunt adulterinæ, +nempe, <b>iei, ueu,</b> & <b>oui.</b></p> + + +<h3><b>Iei.</b></h3> + +<p>Sic scribitur hæc vox <b>vieille,</b> vetula, in qua +vocalis <b>i</b> apponitur, no<span class="abbr">n</span> vt proferatur, sed vt +ostendat duplex <b>ll</b> esse molliter enuntiandum, +sicut in <b>l</b> litera docuimus. Nam alioqui pronuntiaremus +<b>viele</b> per simplex <b>l,</b> & prius <b>e</b> +apertum, quod est instrumenti cuiusdam musici +nomen.</p> + + +<h3><b>ueu.</b></h3> + +<p>Ne hæc quidem est triphthongus, quum +in hac trium vocalium congerie, sola <b>eu</b> +diphthongus audiatur: <b>u</b> vocali præposita, no<span class="abbr">n</span> +vt efferatur, sed vt ostendat, <b>c</b> vel <b>g</b> literam, +quum ante <b>e</b> soleat, illa quidem vt <b>s,</b> ista verò +vt <b>j</b> consonans pronuntiari, natiuo suo sono +vbi hæc diphthongus occurrit esse proferenda<span class="abbr">m</span>: +vt <b>cueur,</b> quasi, <b>keur</b> scribas: <b>gueule,</b> gula: +<b>gueux,</b> me<span class="abbr">n</span>dicabulum. Sic etiam scribitur vetus +Gallicum vocabulum, <b>queux,</b> coquus.</p> + + +<h3><b>Oui.</b></h3> + +<p>Scribi solent hæ tres vocales in quibusdam +dictionibus ante <b>ll</b> molle, ideoque triphthongum +non constituunt, quum <b>i</b> non sit +adiecta vt pronuntietur, sed vt mollem sonu<span class="abbr">m</span> +illum duplicis <b>ll</b> significet, vt <b>mouiller,</b> madefacere: +<b>rouille,</b> ærugo: qua etiam ratione, nempe +& situ & pronuntiatione, hæc syllaba differt +<span class="pagenum"> -54- </span> +ab <b>oui</b> dissyllabo, vt <b>oui,</b> ita, & auditus: <b>iouir,</b> +frui: <b>esiouir,</b> lætari, & similia.</p> + + +<h3><b>Oeu.</b></h3> + +<p>Huius triphthongi vt & duarum sequentium +vsus planè nullus est in pronuntiatione, +quæ tamen peregrinos torquere possit. +Nam scribimus quidem <b>oeuvre,</b> opus: <b>voeu,</b> +votum: <b>oeuf,</b> ouum. Sic etiam adhuc nonnulli +scribunt <b>boeuf,</b> bos: in quibus tamen omnibus +<b>o</b> penitus quiescit. Pronu<span class="abbr">n</span>tiamus enim, <b>euure, +euf, beuf:</b> neque video cur <b>o</b> adscribatur, nisi +fortasse propter Latinas voces à quibus deducuntur, +nempe opus, votum, ouum, bos: vel +quoniam in horum deriuatis <b>e</b> mutatur in <b>o,</b> +vt <b>ouvrier,</b> operarius: <b>over,</b> oua parere per <b>v</b> consonans: +<b>bouvier,</b> bubulcus. Sed neutra hæc ratio +vllius est momenti: neque causam iustam +huius scribendæ triphthongi video, nisi fortassis +in hoc vnico verbo <b>coeuure</b> & <b>coeurre,</b> +quibus vtebantur veteres pro <b>couure,</b> cooperit: +& <b>courir,</b> currere: in quo vocalis <b>o</b> quiescens +ostendit <b>c</b> literam esse non pro <b>s,</b> sed natiuo +suo sono efferendam, quo modo etiam +plurimi hodie scribunt <b>coeur,</b> cor.</p> + + +<h3><b>Oei.</b></h3> + +<p>Hæ tres voces sic scribi plerunque solent +in vnica voce <b>oeil</b> oculus, quæ scriptura +si est germana, ostendit maiores nostros +pronuntiasse <b>oel</b> pro oculo, singulari numero. +<span class="pagenum"> -55- </span> +Sed suspicor potius <b>u</b> alteram <b>eu</b> diphthongi +vocalem fuisse ab imperitis extritam, & veteres +scripsisse <b>oeul,</b> præposito <b>o</b> quiescente, +sicut in proximè præcedente triphthongo diximus, +ad ostendendum Latinæ vocis, oculus, +etymon. Eadem autem inscitia factum est, vt +<b>i</b> vocalis quiescens, huic dictioni insereretur, +nempe propter deriuatum <b>oeuillade,</b> quo significatur +oculorum in rem aliquam coniectio: +in qua dictione <b>i</b> adiicitur de more: non vt +proferatur, sed vt mollem illum sonum duplicis +<b>ll</b> designet, sicut aliquoties iam repetiuimus. +Vtcunq. sit, oculum vocamus <b>eul, eu,</b> +diphthongo purè & integrè prolata.</p> + + +<h3><b>Vei.</b></h3> + +<p>Hæ tres vocales nusquam nisi ante duplex +<b>ll</b> scribuntur, inserta rursus vocali +<b>i</b> non vt proferatur, sed vt mollis ille duplicis +<b>ll</b> sonus ostendatur. Nec tamen in <b>ue,</b> auditur +<b>u</b> & <b>e,</b> sed diphthongus <b>eu</b> plenè & sonorè +prolata. Sic enim pronuntiamus +<b>cueillir,</b> colligere, cum deriuatis & compositis: +<b>fueillé,</b> cum deriuatis, folium: <b>vueille,</b> +velim, ac si <b>i</b> quiescente, & duplex illud +molle <b>ll</b> designante, scribatur <b>feuille, +veuille:</b> & <b>o</b> quiescente, & natiuum sonum <b>c</b> +literę indicante, scribatur <b>coeuille.</b> Cur igitur, +inquies, non sic scribitur, & pronuntiatur? +certè propter characterum inopia<span class="abbr">m</span>, quoniam +<span class="pagenum"> -56- </span> +maiores nostri solis Latinis literis siue potiùs +Græcogallicis contenti, exprimere tamen illos +peculiare quosdam suos sonos nequiueru<span class="abbr">n</span>t, +veluti <b>e</b> fœminini, & <b>e</b> aperti, duplicis <b>ll,</b> & <b>n</b> +mollis. Itaq<span class="abbr">ue</span> necessitas quædam huc eos adegit, +vt vocales <b>eu</b> diphthongi ad hunc de +quo nunc agimus in illis vocibus exprimendum +sonum transponerent, ne quis nimirum +per <b>v</b> consonantem pro <b>fue<i>i</i>lle,</b> pronuntiaret +<b>fe,v<i>i</i>,llé:</b> pro <b>veuillé, ve,v<i>i</i>,llé:</b> pro <b>cueuillé, cue,v<i>i</i>,llé.</b> +Sed haud scio an hæc ratio satis magni +fuerit mome<span class="abbr">n</span>ti. Scribimus <span class="abbr">e</span>n<span class="abbr">im</span> <b>fou<i>i</i>ller,</b> scrutari: +<b>mou<i>i</i>ller,</b> madefacere: <b>grenouille,</b> rana: <b>quenouille,</b> +colus: & similia: neq. veremur nequis ista +pronu<span class="abbr">n</span>tiet <b>fo,vi,ller: mo,v<i>i</i>,ller: gre,no,ville: que,nov<i>i</i>lle.</b> +Sed ego quidem videre me non posse +profiteor, cur scribendum sit <b>dueuil,</b> luctus: & +<b>vueil,</b> volitum: quum nullus hîc sit prorsus locus, +<b>i</b> vocali, neque vt prolatæ, neque vt quiescenti. +Na<span class="abbr">m</span> clarè ac sonorè pronuntiamus <b>deul</b> +& <b>veul:</b> in quibus <b>eu</b> diphthongus vsitatè mutatur +in <b>ou</b> in deriuatis, vt <b>douloir, voulo<i>i</i>r,</b> +sicut à <b>douleur</b> & <b>langueur</b> formamus <b>douloureux,</b> +& <b>langoureux.</b> Sic imperitè scribitur <b>orgueil,</b> +superbia, pro <b>orgueul, u</b> quiescente & duntaxat +ostendente <b>g</b> literam esse natiuo suo sono +(non autem pro <b>j</b> consonante) pronuntiandam, +vt in <b>langueur, rigueur,</b> & similibus. Inserta +autem fuit illi voci, <b>orgue<i>i</i>l,</b> per inscitia<span class="abbr">m</span> +litera <b>i,</b> propter eius deriuatum <b>orgue<i>i</i>lleux,</b> vbi +tamen quiescit, & mollem sonum illum duplicis +<b>ll</b> demonstrat. +<span class="pagenum"> -57- </span></p> + + + + +<h2>De literis quiescentibus.</h2> + + +<p>Literas quiescentes habet Gallica lingua +Hebræorum more, quarum plerasque tamen +probabile est olim fuisse pronunciatas, & +paulatim vsu quodam veluti attritas, vt ex eo +liquet quòd vix vlla est Galliæ prouincia cuius +dialecto nonnullæ literæ non sileant, +quæ in aliis efferuntur. Quiescentes autem +istæ in nonnullis vocibus idcirco retinentur, +vt discrimen aliquod constituatur inter +voces alioquin similiter prorsus enunciatas, +vt quum scribimus <b>fust,</b> esset: vt distinguatur +à <b>fut,</b> fuit: itidémque <b>fist,</b> faceret: vt +discernatur à <b>fit</b> fecit, in quibus tamen vtrisque +eadem prorsus auditur pronunciatio, eo +excepto quòd in <b>fust</b> & <b>fist</b> auditur tonus circumflexus: +aliorum verò duorum puta <b>fut</b> & +<b>fit,</b> breuis est pronunciatio: quod discrimen +typographi imperiti non obseruant. Subseruiunt +etiam litteræ quiescentes indicandæ etymologiæ, +vt quum scribimus <b>pètits,</b> inserta +litera <b>t,</b> quod tame<span class="abbr">n</span> quiescit: nempe vt sciamus +hunc numerum pluralem non deduci à nominatiuo +<b>peti,</b> sicut dicimus <b>ami</b> num. singulari, & +numero plur. <b>amis:</b> sed à nominatiuo <b>pètit:</b> & +vt moneamur fœmininum adiectiuu<span class="abbr">m</span> non esse +<b>pètie,</b> sicut à masculino <b>ami</b> deducitur fœmininu<span class="abbr">m</span> +<b>amie:</b> sed <b>pètite.</b> Verùm vt hęc ratio in no<span class="abbr">n</span>nullis +dictionibus valeat, sítque dilige<span class="abbr">n</span>ter obseruanda, +non tamen consequitur tantam esse +habendam etymologiæ rationem, vt necesse +sit temere quasuis literas ad illam declaranda<span class="abbr">m</span> +<span class="pagenum"> -58- </span> +requiri: vt interim no<span class="abbr">n</span> dissimulem plus hîc sæpe +valuisse infelicissimam seculorum barbarie<span class="abbr">m</span> +quàm rationem. Itaque fatendum est multas +hodie in Gallico scribendo sermone literas +quiescentes scribi, quas omitti præstiterit, +si modò posset istud ab imperitis, quorum lo<span class="abbr">n</span>gè +maximus est numerus, impetrari. Dicemus +autem priore loco de quiesce<span class="abbr">n</span>tibus vocalibus.</p> + + +<h3>De <b>A,</b> quiescente.</h3> + +<p><b>A</b> si occurrat geminatum, prius quiescit, +quod in paucissimis vocabulis euenit, +vt <b>baailler,</b> oscitare, vt distinguatur à <b>bailler,</b> +tradere. Item in hac voce <b>aage,</b> ætas, quàm no<span class="abbr">n</span>nulli +scribunt <b>eage,</b> & videntur Galli veteres +hac in re imitati veteres Romanos, quos ait +Fabius, consueuisse productas vocales scribere +geminas, sicut etia<span class="abbr">m</span> Græcorum <span class="grec" title="ê">η</span> duo epsila, +& <span class="grec" title="ô">ω</span> duplex <span class="grec" title="o">ο</span> refert. Voces autem istæ Isaac, +Aaron, Baal, vt Hebræa sunt, sic etiam integro +suo duplicis vocali sono Hebraico pronunciari +debent.</p> + +<p>II. Quiescit coniunctum cum <b>o,</b> vt nonnulli +scribunt <b>saoul,</b> satur, quum pronunciemus +<b>soul,</b> immò etiam <b>sou,</b> quiescente litera <b>l.</b> +Sic quoque scribitur <b>paoure,</b> pro quo pronunciamus +<b>povré,</b> digammate videlicet Æolico, +cuius characteris neglectus vsus Francicæ linguæ +scripturam multis literis alioqui minimè +necessariis onerarunt.</p> + +<p>III. Quiescit coeunte vocali <b>i</b> & <b>u,</b> ad constituendam +syllabam eandem, vt <b>pain,</b> panis: +<span class="pagenum"> -59- </span> +<b>ainsi,</b> ita: <b>sainct,</b> sanctus: in quibus <b>a</b> non auditur. +Campanorum verò istud est proprium, +quòd in his vocabulis pronuntiant diphthongum +<b>ai,</b> id est <b>è,</b> quod apertum vocauimus: vt +<b>pèn, mèn,</b> pro quo Itali per <b>a, pan,</b> & <b>man.</b> Sed +si <b>n</b> sese adiungat sequenti vocali, tunc diphthongus +<b>ai</b> tota pronunciatur. Sic dicimus +in adiectiuo masculino <b>vain,</b> quasi scriptum +sit <b>vin, a</b> vocali vel prorsus quiescente, vel exiliter +admodu<span class="abbr">m</span> sonante: at in fœminino dicimus +<b>vaine:</b> & similiter <b>serain,</b> serenus quiescente +<b>a,</b> in fœminino verò <b>seraine,</b> serena: sic +<b>sain,</b> sanus: in fœm: <b>saine,</b> sana.</p> + + +<h3>De <b>E.</b></h3> + +<p><b>E</b> quiescit similiter in diphtho<span class="abbr">n</span>go <b>ei,</b> seque<span class="abbr">n</span>te +<b>n,</b> in eadem syllaba, vt <b>plein,</b> plenus, quasi +scriptum sit <b>plin:</b> contrà verò in fœm. exteritur +<b>i.</b> Pronu<span class="abbr">n</span>ciamus enim & scribimus, <b>plene.</b></p> + +<p>II. Superflua est hæc litera meritò, si ratio +vsui dominaretur, expungenda in quibusdam +vocabulis vt <b>sein,</b> sinus: <b>peindre,</b> pingere: +<b>ceindre,</b> cingere: <b>veincre,</b> vincere: <b>feindre,</b> fingere. +Docente etymo temere & per abusum +litera <b>e</b> in hæc vocabula irrepsisse.</p> + +<p>III. Quiescit sequente <b>a,</b> vel <b>o,</b> post <b>g,</b> vt +<b>mangea,</b> manducauit: <b>gagea,</b> pignus deposuit: +<b>flageol,</b> calamus agrestis: in quibus vocibus +scribitur <b>e,</b> non vt proferatur, sed vt ostendat <b>g</b> +in illis non retinere natiuum suum sonum, +ante <b>a,</b> & <b>o,</b> sed pronunciandum esse vt <b>j,</b> consonantem. +<span class="pagenum"> -60- </span></p> + +<p>IIII. Quiescit præcedente <b>c,</b> & sequente +<b>o,</b> vel <b>a,</b> vt <b>commançea,</b> incœpit: vel <b>o,</b> vt <b>commanceons</b> +incipiamus, vbi rursus scribitur <b>e,</b> vt +significet literam <b>c,</b> non retinere suum natiuum +sonum ante <b>a,</b> & <b>o,</b> in illis dictionibus, +quasi scriptum esset <b>commenka, commenkons,</b> +sed pronunciari per duplex <b>s,</b> sicuti diximus in +<b>s,</b> litera, vt si scriptum sit <b>commanssa,</b> & <b>commanssons.</b></p> + +<p>V. Quiescit sæpe in diphtho<span class="abbr">n</span>go <b>eu,</b> in qua +auditur tantum <b>u.</b> Huius rei exemplum habemus +duplex in hac voce <b>heureux,</b> in cuius priore +syllaba Galli rectè pronunciantes, omittu<span class="abbr">n</span>t +literam <b>e,</b> quasi scriptum sit <b>hureux:</b> in posteriore +verò totam diphtho<span class="abbr">n</span>gu<span class="abbr">m</span> sonant, quamuis +hæc vox oriatur à monosyllaba dictione <b>heur,</b> +in qua diphtho<span class="abbr">n</span>go <b>eu</b> tota auditur. Locum autem +habet hæc regula sine exceptione in participiis +omnibus passiuis hac diphthongo +terminatis, vt <b>eu,</b> habitum: <b>sceu,</b> scitum: <b>receu,</b> +receptum: <b>veu,</b> visum, & similibus, quasi scriptum +sit, <b>u, su, ressu, vu,</b> vitiosè totam in his diphthongum +efferentibus Aureliis, & Carnutibus, +atque adeò Normanis.</p> + + +<h3>De <b>I.</b></h3> + +<p><b>I</b> quiescit ante duplex <b>l,</b> quod molle vocauimus, +præcedente vel <b>a,</b> vt <b>caille,</b> coturnix: +vel <b>e,</b> vt <b>oreille,</b> auris: vel diphthongo <b>eu,</b> vt +<b>feuille</b> folium: (sic enim scribendum arbitror +hanc vocem & alias similes, non vt vulgo solent, +<b>fueille, vueille,</b>) vel <b>ou,</b> vt <b>mouiller.</b> +<span class="pagenum"> -61- </span> +Non quiescit aute<span class="abbr">m</span> etiam ante duplex <b>ll</b> molle +quando finit præcedentem syllabam, vt <b>bille, +fille, famille, chenille, piller,</b> cum deriuatis.</p> + + +<h3>De <b>O.</b></h3> + +<p>Hæc vocalis quiescit in diphthongo <b>ao,</b> vt +<b>paon,</b> pauo, <b>faon,</b> fœtus. Est enim Gallis +molestissimus concursus vocalium <b>o</b> & <b>a,</b> etiam +extra diphthongum, & interposito <b>n,</b> vt +<b>on a dit,</b> quod pronunciamus quasi daghessata +<b>n,</b> Hebræoru<span class="abbr">m</span> more scribatur <b>on na dit.</b> Bituricensiu<span class="abbr">m</span> +certè mos in hoc sono efferendo per +simplex <b>n,</b> molestissimus est Francorum purè +loquentium auribus. Sed & quum præcedit <b>a</b> +finiens dictionem, si sequens dictio incipiat +ab <b>o,</b> interponitur <b>t,</b> quamuis non scribatur. +Scribunt enim Galli <b>dira-on,</b> dicetúrne: & <b>ira on,</b> +ibitúrne: pronunciant autem <b>dirat-on: irat-on,</b> +nisi malimus dicere <b>dira-lon, ira-lon.</b> Sed +de hoc dicemus in litera <b>t.</b></p> + +<p>Item quiescit in triphthongo <b>oeu,</b> vt <b>oeuure,</b> +opus: <b>boeuf,</b> bos: <b>oeuf,</b> ouum, quæ pronuntiantur +vt si scriptum esset <b>euvre, beuf, euf,</b> in quibus +certè scribendis vocibus <b>o,</b> prętermitti potuit, +vt suo loco diximus.</p> + + +<h3>De <b>V.</b></h3> + +<p><b>V</b> vocalis quiescit post <b>g</b> sequente <b>e,</b> vt <b>langue,</b> +lingua: vel diphthongo <b>eu,</b> vt <b>gueule,</b> +gula: vel <b>i,</b> vt <b>languir,</b> languere: idcirco tantu<span class="abbr">m</span> +<span class="pagenum"> -62- </span> +adscriptam, vt significetur <b>g,</b> quod ante <b>e,</b> & <b>i,</b> +pronunciari solet vt <b>i,</b> consonans, natiuum suu<span class="abbr">m</span> +sonum in illis vocibus retinere.</p> + +<p>Item quiescit post <b>c,</b> sequente <b>eu,</b> vt <b>cueur,</b> +cor: quomodo etiam scribunt <b>cueuillir,</b> & +<b>recueul,</b> sic pronunciato, acsi per <b>k,</b> scriberetur +<b>keur, keuillir, rekeul.</b></p> + +<p>Item quiescit post <b>q,</b> quæcunque vocalis +sequatur, nempe vel <b>a</b> vt <b>Quand,</b> vel <b>e,</b> vt <b>que:</b> +vel <b>i,</b> vt <b>qui.</b></p> + +<p>Postremò quiescit in quibusdam temporibus +verbi Habeo, nempe in futuro modi indicandi, +& imperfecto modi subiunctiui. Nam +hæc tempora incipiunt à vocali <b>a</b> & <b>u</b> consonante, +quæ consonans <b>v</b> paulatim est extrita, +ac proinde perperam à nonnullis pro <b>u</b> vocali +accipitur, ad constituendam dipht. <b>au.</b> Itaque +sic quidem scribitur futurum <b>i'aurai,</b> habebo: +<b>tu auras,</b> habebis: <b>il aura,</b> habebit: <b>nous +aurons,</b> habebimus: <b>vous aurez,</b> habebitis: <b>ils +auront,</b> habebunt: imperfectum verò subiunctiui +<b>i'auroi,</b> haberem: <b>tu aurois,</b> haberes: <b>il auroit,</b> +haberet: <b>nous aurions,</b> haberemus: <b>vous auriez,</b> +haberetis: <b>ils auroient,</b> haberent, quæ omnia +extrita, vt vsus obtinuit, co<span class="abbr">n</span>sona<span class="abbr">n</span>te <b>v,</b> pronu<span class="abbr">n</span>tianda +sunt per simplex <b>a,</b> ac si scriptum esset, +<b>arai, aras, ara,</b> non autem per diphthongum +<b>au.</b> Nam <b>v</b> esse in his vocibus consonantem +siue digamma, non autem vocalem, ostendit +infinitus modus <b>avoir,</b> habere, & analogia. +Mutatur enim <b>b</b> in <b>v</b> digamma, non in <b>u</b> vocalem: +ac proinde dubium non est veteres +<span class="pagenum"> -63- </span> +Gallos pronuntiasse <b>i'auroi,</b> & cæteras personas, +per <b>v</b> consonantem <b>i'avrai,</b> & <b>iavroi.</b> Sicut +Itali pronuntiant hauero, & hauerei.</p> + + + + +<h2>De consonantibus quiescentibus.</h2> + + +<h3>Regulæ generales duæ.</h3> + +<p>I. Nulla consonans quiescit inchoans syllabam, +præter <b>g,</b> ante <b>n,</b> molle, sicut in <b>h,</b> +dicemus, & <b>s</b> in plurimis vocibus, sicut suo loco +declarabimus.</p> + +<p>II. Quoties scribitur duplex consonans, +prior quiescit, exceptis <b>cc: mm: nn: rr:</b> quarum +neutra quiescit, sed prior syllabam præcedentem +terminat, posterior verò syllabam inchoat: +vt <b>acces,</b> accessus: <b>homme,</b> homo: <b>bonne,</b> bona: +<b>guerre,</b> bellum. Duplex enim <b>ll</b> non pronu<span class="abbr">n</span>ciatur +vt duplex: sed vel vt simplex, vt <b>femelle,</b> +fœmina: <b>belle,</b> bella: vel molli illo sono, de quo +sæpissimè iam à nobis dictum est. Itidémque +duplex <b>s,</b> non pronunciatur vt duplex, sed vt +simplex natiuo suo sono, vt <b>chausse,</b> caliga. +Seruanda autem est in primis hæc regula +in adiectiuis pluralibus, in quibus formatiua +litera numeri sing. seruata, asperiore<span class="abbr">m</span> redderet +pronunciationem, vt <b>cs,</b> in <b>secs,</b> à singulari +<b>sec: fs,</b> in <b>griefs,</b> à <b>grief: ls,</b> in <b>tels,</b> à +<b>tel: ps,</b> in <b>seps,</b> à <b>sep: ts,</b> in <b>petits,</b> à <b>petit:</b> in quibus +omnibus aut prior consonans quiescit, +aut ita molliter pronuntiatur, vt vix sentiatur. +<span class="pagenum"> -64- </span></p> + + +<h3>De <b>B.</b></h3> + +<p><b>B</b> nullam Gallicam dictionem claudit, vt +neque Græcam neque Latinam, excepta +vnica Latina propositione <small>AB</small>, quæ est à Græcorum +<span class="grec" title="apo">ἀπὸ</span> deducta: vt Græca rursus ab Hebræa +voce <small>AB</small>, quæ originem notat. Sed Hebręas +du<span class="abbr">n</span>taxat aliquot voces finiens, vt Iacob, +Nadab. Finie<span class="abbr">n</span>s autem syllabam intra ipsam dictionem, +nunquam scribitur nisi vel ante <b>s</b> +simplex, vt <b>absent,</b> absens: <b>obseques,</b> exequiæ, & +tunc non quiescit: vel ante <b>sc</b> & tunc pronuntiatur +quidem, sed ita vt eius literæ siccitas +mitigetur, quantum fieri potest, vt <b>obscur,</b> obscurus, +cum deriuatis: perinde penè ac si scriptum +sit <b>oscur.</b> Vel antè <b>st,</b> & tunc vel quiescit +prorsus, vt in his vocibus <b>obstiné,</b> obstinatus: +& <b>obstination,</b> obstinatio: quæ pronuntiamus +<b>ostiné, ostination:</b> vel quantum fieri potest +lenitur, vt <b>abstenir,</b> abstinere, <b>abstinencé,</b> abstinentia: +vel antè <b>j</b> consonantem, vt <b>object,</b> obiectu<span class="abbr">m</span>, +& tu<span class="abbr">n</span>c pleno suo sono effertur. Ante diga<span class="abbr">m</span>ma +verò aliquantulum lenitur vt in <b>obuier,</b> occurrere: +sic ferè efferendo vt si scriberetur <b>ovier.</b> +Inde hemistichio<span class="abbr">n</span> illud Gallico-latinum, +<i>Omnia malo vie</i>, <b>on i a mal obuié.</b> Postremò +quiescit in propositione <b>soubs,</b> & <b>dessoubs,</b> +quę pronuntiantur <b>sous</b> & <b>dessous.</b></p> + + +<h3>De <b>C.</b></h3> + +<p><b>C</b> quiescit antè q vt <b>acquerir, acquest, acquiter,</b> +& similia, in quibus & si propter etymon +<span class="pagenum"> -65- </span> +scribitur, potuit tamen optima ratione +prætermitti. Item ante <b>t</b> proximè sequens in +fine dictionis, vt <b>ject,</b> iactus: <b>object,</b> obiectum: +<b>faict,</b> factum: quæ perinde pronunciantur ac si +scriptum esset, <b>jet, objet, fait,</b> &c. Sic etiam scribuntur +& pronu<span class="abbr">n</span>ciantur participia passiua, vt +<b>dict,</b> dictum: <b>faict,</b> factum: ne<span class="abbr">m</span>pe vt distinguantur +à tertiis personis singularibus <b>dit,</b> dicit: +<b>fait,</b> facit. Intra dictionem autem hæc syllaba +<b>ct,</b> integra pronunciatur vt <b>acté,</b> actus: <b>action,</b> +actio: <b>actif,</b> actiuus: <b>affèction,</b> affectio: <b>detracteur</b> +detractor. Excipe <b>traicter,</b> tractare, cum deriuatis: +& <b>dicton,</b> dictum siue sententia iudicis, +in quibus <b>c</b> quiescit. Finiens autem dictionem +hæc litera, quæcunque vel vocalis vel consonans +sequatur, integra pronunciatur, vt in his +vocibus <b>broc, froc, soc, sec, suc,</b> & similibus.</p> + + +<h3>De <b>D.</b></h3> + +<p><b>D</b> quiescit in hac voce <b>pied,</b> quamuis à +Picardis exprimatur quasi per <b>t,</b> scribatur: +vnde <b>pieton,</b> pedester: Item quiescit <b>d,</b> litera +ante <b>j,</b> consonantem, vt <b>adjuger,</b> adiudicare: +<b>adjurer,</b> adigere iureiurando: <b>adjourner,</b> diem +dicere: <b>adjouster,</b> addere, &c. cu<span class="abbr">m</span> deriuatis. Ite<span class="abbr">m</span> +ante <b>m,</b> vt <b>admonester,</b> cum deriuatis. Excipe +<b>admirer,</b> admirari, cum deriuatis. Item ante <b>v,</b> +consonantem, vt <b>adviser,</b> deliberare: <b>advis,</b> +sententia. Finiens autem dictionem quiescit +quæcunque consonans sequatur, vt ante <b>b,</b> vt +<b>quand bon temps viendra:</b> & ante <b>c,</b> vt <b>quand +cela se fèra:</b> ante <b>f,</b> vt <b>quand faudra le monde,</b> +<span class="pagenum"> -66- </span> +sic pronunciantis ac si scriptum esset, <b>quan bon +temps: quan cela: quan faudra:</b> quod in cæteris +consonantibus sine exceptione seruatur.</p> + + +<h3>De <b>F.</b></h3> + +<p>Diximus antea hanc literam apud Gallos +idem valere atque <span class="grec" title="PH">Φ</span> Græcorum, & <small>PH</small>, +Latinorum. Ideo in Gallicis dictionibus quæ +desinunt propriè in Digamma Æolicum, id +est <b>v,</b> consonantem, scribitur hæc litera vt +pronuntianda, vt <b>bref,</b> breuis: <b>gref,</b> grauis: <b>nef,</b> +nauis. Sed in fœmininis quæ ab illis masculinis +adiectiuis formantur restituitur Digamma, +vt <b>breve, greve:</b> Sic etiam à <b>vif,</b> viuus, deducitur +fœmin. <b>vive,</b> & à <b>naif,</b> natiuus, formatur +fœm. <b>naive.</b> Vsus autem obtinuit, vt in +quibusdam eiusmodi vocabulis <b>s,</b> seruetur cu<span class="abbr">m</span> +ipso Diga<span class="abbr">m</span>mate. Scribunt enim vulgo no<span class="abbr">n</span> pauci +<b>brefue, grefue,</b> ne videlicet hæ voces per diphthongu<span class="abbr">m</span> +<b>eu</b> pronuncie<span class="abbr">n</span>tur, nempe <b>greu,e: breu,e.</b> +Sed omnino vitiosa est hæc scriptura, cui +vitio mederetur restitutus vetus ille character +Digammatis Gallici, nempe <b>v,</b> tam initio +dictionum, quàm intra ipsas dictiones, vt +<b>vive, naïve, grevé, brevé, neuve.</b></p> + + +<h3>De <b>G.</b></h3> + +<p><b>G</b> quiescit ante <b>n</b> molle vt <b>gagner,</b> lucrari. +Vsus tamen obtinuit, vt excipiantur +quæda<span class="abbr">m</span>, vt <b>signe,</b> signu<span class="abbr">m</span>, cum deriuatis: vt <b>signer</b> +signare: <b>resigner,</b> resignare: <b>regne,</b> regnum: & +<b>regner,</b> regnare: in quibus <b>g,</b> quiescit, & <b>n,</b> natiuo +suo sono, & non illo molli effertur, quasi +scriptu<span class="abbr">m</span> sit <b>siné: siner: resiner: rèné: rener.</b> Quod aute<span class="abbr">m</span> +<span class="pagenum"> -67- </span> +no<span class="abbr">n</span>nulli imperiti ha<span class="abbr">n</span>c litera<span class="abbr">m</span> scribu<span class="abbr">n</span>t in his vocibus +<b>vng,</b> vnus: <b>tesmoing,</b> testis: <b>soing,</b> cura: <b>besoing,</b> +opus: vitiosè scribitur. Na<span class="abbr">m</span> quòd in deriuatis +<b>tesmoigner,</b> testari: <b>soigner,</b> curam habere: +<b>besongner,</b> laborare: adscribitur <b>g,</b> id fit propter +<b>n</b> molle, ac proinde in illis thematibus nullus +est ei locus. Imò etia<span class="abbr">m</span> non debuit etymologia +efficere vt scribatur <b>cognoistre</b> & <b>cognoissance,</b> +vt alibi diximus. Scribitur autem meritò +& quiescit in voce <b>hareng,</b> pro halece, à quo +deriuatur <b>harengere,</b> & <b>harengerie.</b></p> + + +<h3>De <b>H.</b></h3> + +<p>Aspirationis nota in vocibus Græcis & +Latinis aspiratis, & in Francica<span class="abbr">m</span> linguam +traductis, scribitur quidem sed quiescit. Vt <b>habiter,</b> +habitare, cum deriuatis: <b>habit,</b> habitus, +pro veste, cum deriuatis: <b>habitude,</b> consuetudo: +<b>habituer,</b> consuefacere: <b>halene,</b> halitus: <b>halener,</b> +afflare: <b>heresie,</b> hæresis, cum deriuatis: <b>Hebrieu,</b> +Hebræus, cum deriuatis: <b>Hercules: Helas,</b> +heu: <b>Helene: Helicon: Heleboré: heur,</b> sors prospera: +<b>heureux,</b> fœlix: <b>heure,</b> hora: <b>heriter,</b> consequi +hæreditatem, cum deriuatis: <b>Herodes: Hilaire, +histoire, hoir,</b> hęres cu<span class="abbr">m</span> deriuatis: <b>homme,</b> +homo, cu<span class="abbr">m</span> deriuatis: <b>honneur,</b> honor, cu<span class="abbr">m</span> deriuatis: +<b>horologe,</b> cu<span class="abbr">m</span> deriuatis: <b>horoscope: horreur,</b> horror, +cum deriuatis: <b>enhorter,</b> cu<span class="abbr">m</span> deriuatis: <b>hoste,</b> hospes: +<b>Hospital,</b> Nosodochium, cum deriuatis: +<b>humble,</b> humilis, cu<span class="abbr">m</span> deriuatis: <b>humeur,</b> humor, +cu<span class="abbr">m</span> deriuatis: <b>hiuer,</b> hye<span class="abbr">m</span>s: <b>hydromel: hydropisie,</b> +&c. quę omnes voces partim à Latinis, partim +<span class="pagenum"> -68- </span> +à Græcis vocibus aspiratis oriuntur, in quibus +tamen aspiratio quiescit. Excipiuntur autem +ab hac regula <b>haché,</b> à Latina voce hasta: Item +<b>hareng,</b> à voce hales cum deriuatis. Item <b>Hector</b> +& <b>Henri.</b> Item <b>harpe,</b> à Græca voce <span class="grec" title="harpê">ἅρπη</span>. Similiter +etiam aspiratio quiescit in his dictionibus, +<b>huis,</b> ostium cum deriuatis: <b>huile,</b> oleum +cum deriuatis: <b>huict,</b> octo: <b>huistre,</b> ostrea: sed +aliam ob causam nempe quoniam alioqui legi +sic possent hæ dictiones, quasi <b>v,</b> esset diga<span class="abbr">m</span>ma +non vocalis, nempe pro <b>huis, vis:</b> sic etia<span class="abbr">m</span> +pro <b>huile, vile,</b> &c. Contrà verò in vernaculis +Gallicis scribitur simul & pronunciatur aspiratio, +vt in illis quę à Latinis non aspiratis deducuntur. +Sic ab altus deducuntur Gallicæ voces +aspiratæ <b>hault, haultain, haultesse, haulteur, +haultement, hausser.</b> Hæc autem vocabula vernacula +Gallica obseruaui in quibus aspiratio +& scribitur & auditur: <b>halier,</b> vepretum: <b>hair,</b> +odisse, cum deriuatis: <b>hait,</b> animi inclinatio, +gratum aliquid habens: vnde compositu<span class="abbr">m</span> <b>souhait,</b> +& <b>souhaiter:</b> item, <b>halbarde, hasle, hasler, +haleter,</b> crebrum anhelitum ducere: <b>hameau, +hameçon, hanche, hanter, hantise, hacqueboute, haquenee, +hardi, hardiesse, harnieux, honte, hotee, +hober, harier, hazard, hibou, huer, hucher, huche, honte, +hocher, hochepot, hacquet, hocquet, hocqueter, haster, +haste, hastif: hauet,</b> fuscina: <b>haure,</b> nauale: +<b>haye,</b> sepes: <b>heaume,</b> galea: <b>houe,</b> ligo: <b>houer,</b> +fodere: <b>humer,</b> sorbere. Quiescit autem post <b>c</b> +sequente <b>r,</b> vt <b>Iesus Christ, Chrestien, Chrestienté, +Sepulchre.</b> Item in <b>Iehan,</b> & <b>Iohan,</b> à +<span class="pagenum"> -69- </span> +Iohane.</p> + + +<h3>De <b>L l l l.</b></h3> + +<p><b>L</b> quiescit post diphthongu<span class="abbr">m</span> <b>eu</b> sequente <b>x,</b> +vt <b>mieulx, ceulx:</b> & sequente <b>t,</b> vt <b>peult.</b> Ite<span class="abbr">m</span> +post diphthongum, <b>au,</b> sequente <b>t,</b> vt <b>aultre,</b> +alius: <b>espeaultre,</b> spelta: in quibus dictionibus +interseritur ne <b>u,</b> pro <b>n</b> legatur. Item quiescit +in dictione <b>sould,</b> pro solido siue asse, quod +pronunciatur à Picardis acsi scriberetur <b>sout.</b> +Item in dictione <b>saoul,</b> satur, quam pronunciamus +<b>sou.</b> Additur autem <b>l</b> quamuis no<span class="abbr">n</span> pronuncietur, +propter deriuata, vt <b>saouler.</b> Item +in his duabus dictionibus <b>fol,</b> & <b>col,</b> +quas pronunciamus per <b>ou,</b> diphthongum <b>fou</b> +& <b>cou.</b> Sed finiens dictionem hæc litera, quæcunque +consonans sequentem vocem inchoet, +sonum suum seruat.</p> + + +<h3>De <b>M.</b></h3> + +<p><b>M</b> nunquam quiescit, sed vt suo loco diximus, +finiens syllabam vel dictionem, no<span class="abbr">n</span> +aliter pronunciatur quàm <b>m,</b> illo de quo diximus +sono imperfecto.</p> + + +<h3>De <b>N.</b></h3> + +<p><b>N</b> quiescit in tertiis personis verborum +desinentibus in <b>e,</b> fœmininum cum <b>nt,</b> +vt <b>aimènt, aimerènt, aimeroiènt, aimassènt.</b></p> + + +<h3>De <b>P.</b></h3> + +<p><b>P</b> quiescit in his duabus dictionibus <b>temps</b> +& <b>compte,</b> computum, vt differat à <b>conte,</b> +<span class="pagenum"> -70- </span> +comes. Item in <b>sept,</b> septem: & <b>loup,</b> lupus: +& eius plurali <b>loups,</b> lupi: quas voces pronunciamus +<b>lou</b> & <b>lous.</b> Contrà non quiescit +in <b>coup,</b> ictus: & <b>sep,</b> vitis: singularibus. Verùm +in earundem vocum plur. nempe <b>coups,</b> +& <b>seps,</b> quiescit, quas dictiones pronunciamus +<b>cous</b> & <b>ses.</b> Cæterùm scribi etiam co<span class="abbr">n</span>sueuit +à nonnullis, inter <b>e,</b> & <b>v,</b> consonantem +ne confundantur cum <b>eu</b> diphthongo: vt <b>ensepvelir,</b> +sepelire, pro <b>ensevelir,</b> in quibus vocibus +si scribatur, quiescet: verùm præstiterit +expungi vt superuacaneum: sicut in hac voce +<b>escripre,</b> scribere, vt ineptè aliqui olim scribebant.</p> + + +<h3>De <b>Q</b> & <b>R.</b></h3> + +<p>Hæ literæ nunquam quiescunt.</p> + + +<h3>De <b>S.</b></h3> + +<p>Hæc litera finiens dictionem, quæcunque +consonans proximè sequentem dictionem +incipiat, quiescit, vt ante <b>b, lès bons +hommès:</b> ante <b>c, lès cas:</b> ante <b>d, lès damès:</b> +ante <b>g, lès gens:</b> ante <b>l, lès lunès:</b> ante <b>m, +lès mechants:</b> ante <b>n, lès nouuèllès:</b> ante <b>p, +lès partiès:</b> ante <b>q, lès questions:</b> ante <b>r, les +rois:</b> ante <b>t, lès tèstès:</b> ante <b>v,</b> consonantem +<b>lès vieillès:</b> in quibus omnibus in hac dictione +<b>lès, s</b> litera quiescit. Intra ipsam autem dictionem +nunquam iungitur hæc litera cum <b>b,</b> +vel <b>d,</b> vel <b>f,</b> vel <b>g,</b> vel <b>l,</b> vel <b>r,</b> vel <b>v,</b> consonante. +Supersunt autem <b>sl, sm, sn, sp, sq,</b> & <b>st,</b> quas literas +antecedens interdum quiescit, interdum +<span class="pagenum"> -71- </span> +pronuntiatur, quod vsu potius discitur +quàm vlla regula. Possumus tamen aliquid de +his quoque syllabis tradere, sed ita intelligendum +vt exceptiones ab vsu petantur.</p> + +<p>Ergo <b>s</b> in <b>sc</b> quiescit, vt <b>escu, sçauoir,</b> vt nonnulli +scribunt. Nec enim desunt qui <b>s</b> omittant. +Sic etia<span class="abbr">m</span> pronuntiamus <b>sciencé, s</b> quiesce<span class="abbr">n</span>te.</p> + +<p>In <b>sm</b> etiam quiescit, vt <b>blèsme, quarèsme, +blasme:</b> in quibus videtur <b>s</b> scribi ad produce<span class="abbr">n</span>dam +duntaxat syllabam, ídque non paruo abusu, +quum literæ non sint inuentæ vt pronuntiationis +quantitatem significent. Sic pronuntiamus +correptè <b>creme</b> pro cremore lactis: +pro chrismate verò longa penultima scribimus +<b>crèsme.</b></p> + +<p>In <b>sn</b> itidem quiescit, vt <b>chèsne,</b> quercus. +Sic no<span class="abbr">n</span>nulli scribunt <b>Rosne</b> pro Rhodono. Veteres +scribeba<span class="abbr">n</span>t, & integrè sonaba<span class="abbr">n</span>t <b>isnèl,</b> velox.</p> + +<p>In <b>sp</b> plerunque non quiescit, vt <b>esperer, esperance, +esprit, especé, respirer:</b> imò nunquam +quiescit dictionem inchoans, vt <b>specialement +spirituel.</b> Dicimus tamen <b>s</b> quiescente, <b>espee, +espèron, escrire,</b> cum deriuatis: <b>espouser,</b> vxorem +ducere, cum deriuatis: <b>respondre,</b> respondere, +cum deriuatis, quæ ipso vsu discuntur.</p> + +<p>In <b>sq</b> aut semper aut certè plerunque pronu<span class="abbr">n</span>tiatur, +vt <b>jusques, morisque,</b> pręcede<span class="abbr">n</span>te <b>i</b> vel <b>v</b> +vocalib. Præcede<span class="abbr">n</span>te verò <b>e</b> quiescit, vt <b>euèsque.</b></p> + +<p>In <b>st,</b> præcedente <b>a</b> quiescit: aut semper aut +pleru<span class="abbr">n</span>q<span class="abbr">ue</span>, vt <b>gaster,</b> vastare, <b>gasteau,</b> libu<span class="abbr">m</span>: <b>rasteau,</b> +rastrum: <b>paste, paticier, empaster, bast,</b> clitellæ +asini, <b>bastir,</b> ædificare (vnde vox Prouincialiu<span class="abbr">m</span> +<span class="pagenum"> -72- </span> +<b>bastide,</b> expressa litera <b>s</b>) <b>baston,</b> vnde vocabulu<span class="abbr">m</span> +Italico Gallicu<span class="abbr">m</span> <b>bastonade,</b> in qua <b>s</b> sonat.</p> + +<p>Præcedente vero dipht. <b>ai</b> quiescit, vt <b>maistre, +paistre.</b> Sed tamen dicimus <b>pasteur, s</b> +expresso, pro quo in Aluernia dicunt, <b>s</b> quiescente, +<b>pastre.</b> Sic quiescit in <b>pastoureau,</b> & in +<b>pastorelle</b> auditur. Præcede<span class="abbr">n</span>te <b>e s</b> quiescit, vt <b>èstre, +esté, bèste, fèste, arrèste,</b> spina piscis, <b>arrèster, +prèste, apprèster, tèste.</b> Excipe <b>gèste, +pèste, rèste, molèste.</b></p> + +<p>Præcedente <b>i</b> pronuntiatur, vt <b>miste,</b> homo +elegans, lautus, concinnus, <b>mistere, mistion, +histoire, Legiste, Sophiste,</b> & similia. +Excipe <b>ils</b> pronomen plurale, in quo semper +quiescit, siue sequatur vocalis seu consonans, +vt <b>ils ont droit, ils disènt,</b> quæ sic efferuntur +ac si scriptum esset <b>il on dit,</b> & <b>i disènt,</b> +etiam <b>l</b> quiescente. Excipe itidem <b>giste,</b> +quod dicitur propriè de loco vbi iacet lepus +seu cubile leporis. Item excipiuntur omnes secundæ +personæ plurales pręteriti perfecti simplicis, +desinentis in <b>istès,</b> vt <b>fistès, ouistès,</b> +& similia.</p> + +<p>Præcedente <b>o</b> quiescit, vt <b>oster, hoste, coste, +nostre, vostre.</b> Excipe <b>poste, poster, postillon, +ostade,</b> quæ est species texturæ. Item +quiescit præcedente <b>ou,</b> vt <b>couster, crouste, +gouster.</b></p> + +<p>Præcedente <b>u</b> pronuntiatur, vt <b>iuste, iustice, +iustifier, rustre,</b> quæ vox est vetus Gallica, +& significat hominem temerè ruentem, +vagum & temerarium. +<span class="pagenum"> -73- </span></p> + + +<h3>De <b>T.</b></h3> + +<p>Hæc litera finiens dictionem, à quacunque +consonante incipiat sequens dictio, +semper quiescit. Sed videndum imprimis vt si +sequens dictio incipiat à vocali, hęc litera pręcedentem +finiens cum illa vocali coniungatur, +quasi ad illam dictionem sequentem +pertinens, vt <b>ils sont à moi,</b> quod pronuntiandum +est quasi scriptu<span class="abbr">m</span> sit <b>i son ta moi.</b> Sed +in copula <b>et</b> sicut alibi diximus, <b>t</b> semper quiescit, +siue consonans siue vocalis sequatur.</p> + + + + +<h2>De Francicæ linguæ accentibus.</h2> + + +<p>Franci nullos accentus notant, nec veteres +etiam Græci notabant, ac ne nunc quidem +Latini. Est igitur mos iste à Grammaticis +Græcis, Hebræorum, opinor, imitatione +excogitatus, maximo certè cu<span class="abbr">m</span> fructu, +ex quo disci à nutricibus illæ linguæ desierunt: +si modò verus illius consuetudinis vsus +seruaretur. Sed de hoc longè maximo abusu +aliâs. Sunt qui contendant in Francica +lingua nullum esse accentibus locum. +Sunt contrà qui in Francica lingua tonos +perinde vt in Græca lingua constituant. +Magnus est vtrorumque error quod mihi facilè +concessuros arbitror quicunque aures +suas attentè consuluerint. Dico igitur Francicæ +linguæ, vt & Græcæ & Latinæ, duo esse tempora, +<span class="pagenum"> -74- </span> +longum vnum, alterum breue: itidémq. +tres tonos, nempe, acutum, grauem, circunflexum, +non ita tamen vt in illis linguis obseruatos. +Acuunt enim Græci syllabas tum longas +tum breues, & Latinos idem facere magno +consensu volunt Grammatici, quibus planè +non assentior. Sed hac de re aliâs. Illud autem +certò dixerim, sic concurrere in Francica lingua +tonum acutum cum tempore lo<span class="abbr">n</span>go, vt nulla +syllaba producatur quæ itidem non attollatur: +nec attollatur vlla quæ non itidem acuatur, +ac proinde sit eadem syllaba acuta quæ +producta, & eadem grauis quæ correpta. Sed +tonus vocis intentionem, tempus productionem +vocalis indicat. Nihil autem accidere +potest auribus magis ingratum quàm si breue<span class="abbr">m</span> +producas, longam corripias, quod ij experiu<span class="abbr">n</span>tur +qui peregrinos, aut Galliæ populos Francicè +minus purè loquentes audiunt: veluti +quum Turonenses aut Pictones audimus pronuntiantes +<b>mestrèsse</b> <span class="ryth">|u-u|</span> pro <b>maistrèsse</b> <span class="ryth">|-uu|</span> +aut <b>mèsse</b> <span class="ryth">|-u|</span> pro <b>mèsse</b> <span class="ryth">|uu|</span> vel Sabaudos pro +<b>faicte,</b> <span class="ryth">|uu|</span>, proferentes <b>fèste,</b> <span class="ryth">|-u|</span> pro <b>Prophete</b> +<span class="ryth">|uuu|</span>, <b>prophèste</b> <span class="ryth">|u-u|</span> pro <b>misericorde</b> quinque +syllabarum natura breuium <b>misericorde</b> +penultima longa: vel Italos proferentes <b>parole</b> +<span class="ryth">|u-u|</span> pro <b>parole</b> <span class="ryth">|uuu|</span> quoniam suum <b>parola</b> +sic pronuntia<span class="abbr">n</span>t. Illa verò productio in Francica +lingua etia<span class="abbr">m</span> in monosyllabis animaduertitur, +quæ est propria vis accentus circunflexi. +Sic productè circunflectuntur: <b>ie veu, tu +veux, il veut,</b> volo, vis, vult, quod deprehenditur +<span class="pagenum"> -75- </span> +si prioribus illis opponas <b>veŭ,</b> votum: & +<b>veux,</b> vota: quæ corripiuntur. Sic corripitur +<b>beuf</b> & <b>neuf</b> singulari numero: quorum recti +plurales, <b>beûfs</b> & <b>neufs,</b> quiescente <b>f</b> litera, +circunflectuntur: vt <b>eûlx</b> & <b>ceûlx.</b> Ite<span class="abbr">m</span> <b>fit,</b> fecit, +& <b>fut,</b> fuit: & <b>eut,</b> habuit: corripiuntur: <b>fist,</b> faceret, +& <b>fûst,</b> esset: & <b>eûst,</b> haberet, circunflectuntur, +vt planè pudendus sit error tum scriptorum +tum typographorum qui hoc discrimen +scripturæ & pronuntiationis non obseruant. +Sic etiam <b>êst, rôst, tôst,</b> circunflectuntur +itidémque <b>plâist,</b> placet: <b>plûst,</b> plueret, quibus +opponuntur correpta <b>et</b> coniunctio copulatiua: +<b>plaid,</b> contentio iudicialis, <b>pleut,</b> placuit: +<b>plut,</b> pluit. Itidémque circunflectuntur <b>je +meûr,</b> morior: <b>tu meûrs,</b> moreris: corripiu<span class="abbr">n</span>tur +autem <b>meur,</b> maturus: & <b>meurs,</b> maturi: +fœmininum autem <b>meûre,</b> matura, est trochaïcum: +quæ vsu non regulis discuntur. +Cæteræ verò syllabæ, id est quæ neque acuuntur +neque circunflectuntur, natura breues censentur, +exceptis monosyllabis, quę quoties enclitica +secu<span class="abbr">m</span> trahunt, producu<span class="abbr">n</span>tur, vt <b>si ie di</b> dactylum +sonat: <span class="ryth">|-uu|</span> <b>qui est ce,</b> amphibrachum +<span class="ryth">|u-u|</span>, qua de re in encliticis. Sunt aute<span class="abbr">m</span> hoc loco +mihi admonendi peregrini paucissimas esse +longas syllabas in Francica lingua, præ innumerali +breuium multitudine: ac proinde +verendum illis esse potius ne breues producant, +quàm ne longas corripia<span class="abbr">n</span>t, præsertim vbi +falli possunt Latinę linguę quantitate: sic exe<span class="abbr">m</span>pli +gratia, Natura, Vectura, Fortuna, Persona, +<span class="pagenum"> -76- </span> +& similia, Latinè penultimam producunt: at +Francicæ voces, <b>nature, voiture, fortune, personne,</b> +eandem corripiunt. Operæ pretium etiam +fecerint, si hoc quoque diligenter obseruarint, +maximum esse in Francica lingua vitium +penultimam natura breuem producere, +quotcunque & quæcunque consonantes illius +pronuntiationem remorentur. Sic in <b>desordre, +rètordre, discorde, misericorde, noblèsse, +parèsse, aborder, dormir, endormir, porte, apporter, +enhorter, exhorter,</b> & infinitis aliis penultimæ +positione longę, natura tamen corripiuntur. +Sic etiam breues priores in <b>comme, sommeil: +dormir, endormir: bonné, donne, belle,</b> +nunquam nisi vitiosissimè producuntur, ne +in metris quidem: qua in re grauiter ab iis +peccari video qui Francicos versus non tantùm +syllabaru<span class="abbr">m</span> numero, & <span class="grec" title="homoioteleutois">'ομοιοτελευτοις</span>, quæ rythmos +vocamus, æstimant, sed etiam pedibus +Græcorum & Latinorum more metiuntur: +audax & nobile certè inuentum, sed quod maxima +difficultate non caret, tum propter longarum +syllabarum penuriam, tum quòd, vt +modò dixi, in Francica lingua nulla positio penultimam +natura breuem sine maxima auriu<span class="abbr">m</span> +offensione producat. Etsi verò breuium & lo<span class="abbr">n</span>garum +discrimen vsu potius quàm arte discitur, +tamen paucas istas regulas mihi libuit +in peregrinorum gratiam à me obseruatas +subiicere.</p> + +<p>Prima Regula. Non paucæ dictiones Francicæ +solis breuibus constant, vt <b>misericorde,</b> +<span class="pagenum"> -77- </span> +quæ vox quinque breuibus natura syllabis +constat. At nulla constat pluribus productis: +minimè id quidem quasi non inueniantur +voces in quibus plures sint syllabæ natura longæ: +sed quoniam, vel antepenultima longa, si +penultima sequens breuis fuerit: vel penultima +longa sic dominatur, vt reliquæ præcedentes +syllabæ, quanuis natura longæ, nec acuantur +tamen, nec verè producantur. Exempli gratia, +Hęc dictio <b><i>e</i>nt<i>e</i>ndèment</b> co<span class="abbr">n</span>stat ex duabus +prioribus natura longis, vt in proxima regula +ostendemus, prior tamen est æquali tenore +proferenda, tono & quantitate in syllabam antepenultimam +reiectis. Quod si huic dictioni +subieceris enclyticam, vt <b>entendèment bon,</b> tu<span class="abbr">n</span>c +sola eius vltima acuetur, reliquis velut in ordinem +redactis. Sic in hac voce <b>entendre,</b> quanuis +tres priores sint natura longæ, sola tamen +penultima acuitur & producitur, ex tertia regula +quam mox trademus. Sic in hac voce <b>envie,</b> +inuidia, etiam diuisa, vt, <b>en, vie,</b> in vita, auditur +amphibrachus <span class="ryth">|u-u|</span>, propter penultima<span class="abbr">m</span> +longam: at in nomine <b>envieux,</b> propter penultimam +breuem auditur amphimacrus <span class="ryth">|-u-|</span> +producta antepenultima quæ in <b>envie</b> corripitur.</p> + +<p>Secunda Regula. Omnis syllaba desinens +in literam <b>m</b> vel <b>n,</b> non geminatam, sed sequente +alia consonante, est natura longa. Est +igitur <b>endormir</b> dactylica vox <span class="ryth">|-uu|</span> <b>feindre, teindre</b> +trochaicæ, <span class="ryth">|-u|</span> <b>bonté,</b> spondaica: <span class="ryth">|-<!— —>-|</span>: <b>temporel,</b> +dactylica <span class="ryth">|-uu|</span> quod etiam in diuersis dictionibus +<span class="pagenum"> -78- </span> +accidit, vt <b>bon pais</b> <span class="ryth">|-uu|</span>. Sed quid si +<b>m</b> vel <b>n</b> geminetur? tunc syllaba corripitur, +vt <b>somme, comme, donne, bonne, sonne, tonne,</b> +<span class="ryth">|uu|</span> <b>consomme, ordonne, resonne, estonne</b> <span class="ryth">|-uu|</span>: +quamobrem etiam <b>songer, besongne,</b> & similia +penultima breui proferuntur, quoniam videlicet +in illis quidem dictionibus non tam +est <b>n</b> duplex quàm vnicum daghessatum, vt +apparet ex dictionibus Latinis vnde deducuntur, +dono, bona, sono, tono, ordino, resono. +In istis verò <b>gn</b> ponitur pro altero <b>n,</b> quod +molle vocauimus. Excipe <b>ennemi</b> <span class="ryth">|-uu|</span>.</p> + +<p>Tertia Regula. Omnes dictiones terminatæ +per <b>e</b> fœmininum, proximè præcedente +vocali, producunt penultimam, vt <b>aimee, fondue, +velue</b> <span class="ryth">|uu-|</span> <b>mue, nue, due, fie, lie, amie, joue, +loue, moue, noue, aije, plaije, ioije, voije</b> <span class="ryth">|-u|</span> <b>enuoie</b> +<span class="ryth">|u-u|</span>. Quod si illud <b>e</b> fœmininum mutetur +in <b>e</b> masculinum, tunc eædem illæ penultimæ +corripiuntur, vt <b>nuer, muer, fier, lier, iouer, +louer, nouer, enuoijer</b> <span class="ryth">|-uu|</span>.</p> + +<p>Quarta Regula. Diphthongus <b>au</b> semper +producitur siue in penultima, vt <b>aultre</b> <span class="ryth">|-u|</span>, <b>autant</b> +<span class="ryth">|-<!— —>-|</span> <b>haultain</b> <span class="ryth">|-u|</span>: siue in antepenultima, vt +<b>haultement</b> <span class="ryth">|-u-|</span>, <b>haultaine</b> <span class="ryth">|-uu|</span>: siue in vltima +trahente secum seque<span class="abbr">n</span>tem dictionem, vt <b>hault +et droict</b> <span class="ryth">|-uu|</span>.</p> + +<p>Quinta Regula. <b>S</b> inter duas vocales deprehe<span class="abbr">n</span>sa, +ac proinde, sicut suo loco diximus, per <b>z</b> +pronuntiata, & vocalem singularem & diphthongum +antecedentem producit, vt <b>iaser, braise,</b> +<span class="pagenum"> -79- </span> +<b>saison, plaisir, cause, bise, mise, prise, oser, +chose, poser, choisir, loisir, noise, toise, vser, +ruse, muse, cuise, frise,</b> <span class="ryth">|-u|</span>: & in +antepenultima, vt <b>causera, osera, embrasera, +reposera, choisira, prisera, cuisine, vsera, accusera, +excusera, vsage, visage</b> <span class="ryth">|-uu|</span> <b>camuse</b> +<span class="ryth">|u-u|</span>: nisi obstet penultima alia ratione longa. +Tu<span class="abbr">n</span>c enim penultima dominatur, vt <b>prisee</b> +<span class="ryth">|u-u|</span>, <b>accusee, excusée</b> <span class="ryth">|u-<!— —>-u|</span>. Excipe <b>e</b> fœmininum +occurrens, quod nunquam producitur, +vt <b>peser, gesir,</b> <span class="ryth">|uu|</span>: <b>gesine,</b> <span class="ryth">|uuu|</span>. Item <b>treze</b> <span class="ryth">|uu|</span>. <b>quatorze,</b> +<span class="ryth">|uuu|</span> <b>moisi</b> <span class="ryth">|u-|</span>, <b>cramo<i>i</i>si</b> <span class="ryth">|uu-|</span> <b>voisin, cousin</b> <span class="ryth">|uu|</span>: +<b>voisine, cousine,</b> <span class="ryth">|uuu|</span>.</p> + +<p>Quinta Regula. A cum <b>i</b> quiescente ante +duplex <b>ll</b> molle cum <b>e</b> fœminino dictionem +finiente est longum, vt <b>aille, baille, caille, faille, +maille, paille, saille, taille, vaille</b> <span class="ryth">|-u|</span>.</p> + +<p>Sexta Regula. Personæ verborum desinentes +in <b>asse</b> vel <b>isse</b> producu<span class="abbr">n</span>tur, vt <b>passe, aimasse, +ouisse.</b></p> + +<p>Septima Regula. Omne <b>s</b> sequente consonante +quiescens (quibus aute<span class="abbr">m</span> in syllabis quiescat +suo loco diximus) vocalem præcedentem +producit, vt ante <b>sl, hasle, isle</b> <span class="ryth">|-u|</span>: ante <b>sm blasme</b> +<span class="ryth">|-u|</span>, <b>aimasmes,</b> <span class="ryth">|u-u|</span>, <b>esmeuté, esmouuoir,</b> <span class="ryth">|-uu|</span>: +<b>blesme, mesme</b> <span class="ryth">|-u|</span>, <b>caresme, baptesme,</b> <span class="ryth">|u-u|</span> <b>escriuismes</b> +<span class="ryth">|uu-u|</span>: <b>seusmes</b> <span class="ryth">|-u|</span>: <b>receusmes</b> <span class="ryth">|u-u|</span>: <b>vismes, +fismes,</b> <span class="ryth">|-u|</span>: <b>entendismes</b> <span class="ryth">|uu-u|</span>: <b>cosme</b> +<span class="ryth">|-u|</span>: ante <b>sn,</b> vt <b>asne</b> <span class="ryth">|-u|</span>: <b>alésne</b> <span class="ryth">|u-u|</span>: <b>rosne</b> <span class="ryth">|-u|</span>: ante +<b>sp,</b> vt <b>esperon</b> <span class="ryth">|-uu|</span>: <b>esperonné</b> <span class="ryth">|-uu|</span>: <b>espier,</b> <span class="ryth">|-uu|</span>: ante <b>st,</b> +vt <b>ost, rost, tost, fust, fist, eust,</b> circunflexa +<span class="pagenum"> -80- </span> +<b>haste, taste, tèste, bèste: èstre, maistre, naistre: +fèste, giste, v<i>i</i>ste, crouste, vouste</b> <span class="ryth">|-u|</span>: +etiam in polysyllabis, vt <b>desuo<i>i</i>jer,</b> <span class="ryth">|-uu|</span>. Excipe +<b>esté</b> pro verbo esse, & pro æstate <span class="ryth">|u-u|</span>: <b>rotir, +roti,</b> co<span class="abbr">n</span>tra naturam sui primitiui <b>rost.</b> Pronomina +verò <b>nostre</b> & <b>vostre</b> ancipitem habe<span class="abbr">n</span>t +priorem: breuem videlicet si nomini cui adhærent +præponantur, vt <b>nostre ma<i>i</i>son, vostre +raison,</b> <span class="ryth">|uu-u|</span>: sin postponantur, longam, +vt <b>ié su<i>i</i>s vostré, patenostre</b> <span class="ryth">|uu-u|</span>.</p> + +<p>Octaua Regula. Omnis syllaba ante geminatum +<b>rr,</b> producitur, vt <b>catairre,</b> <span class="ryth">|u-u|</span> <b>cata<i>i</i>rrèux</b> +<span class="ryth">|u-<!— —>-|</span>: <b>fèrrer, guerre, tèrre, pourrir</b> <span class="ryth">|-u|</span> <b>entèrrer</b> +<span class="ryth">|u-u|</span>.</p> + + + + +<h2>De encliticis dictionibus.</h2> + + +<p>Encliticæ dictiones vocantur, quæ à præcedentis +dictionis tono pendent, de quibus +hæc regula certissima est.</p> + +<p>Omnis dictio monosyllaba longa vel polysyllaba +in longam desinens acuitur, & breuem +proximè sequentem dictionem, siue monosyllabam +siue etiam dissyllabam suo tono +subiicit, quasi cum ea coiens: quod valde optarim +in peregrinorum gratiam notari accentu +acuto, sicut Græci consueuerunt. Exemplum +monosyllabaru<span class="abbr">m</span>, <b>c'èst´ moi, c'èst´ vous: +c'èst´ lui: cela èst´ bon, c'èst bién dict: sera bién +faict: on s'én va.</b> Exemplum dissyllaborum, <b>vn</b> +<span class="pagenum"> -81- </span> +<b>bón païs: vne chose bién dicte, vne chose bién +faicte: on s'én ira.</b></p> + + + + +<h2>De accentu interrogante.</h2> + + +<p>Accentus interrogans eo differt à dictione +enclitica quod ipsa vltima syllaba orationis +per interrogationem conceptæ, quęcunque +& quantacunque illa sit natura, in +Francico sermone acuitur, vt <b>que dites vous? +ferez-vous cela? ne vous repentirez-vous +iamais?</b> cuius pronuntiationis vsque adeò +sunt obseruantes Normanni, vt etiam si nihil +interrogent, sed duntaxat negent aut affirme<span class="abbr">n</span>t +aliquid, sermonis finem acutè, non sine +aurium offensione pronuntient.</p> + + + + +<h2>De Subunione.</h2> + + +<p>Subunionem cœperunt accuratiores typographi +notare linea diuersas dictiones +interiungente quam Hebræi Raphe appellant, +vt <b>di-ie, dit-il, fit-il, sais-ié, diras-tu,</b> +quibus sic vtuntur Galli, vt Latini suis illis +inquam & inquit, & aliquantulum ab encliticis +ista differunt.</p> + + + + +<h2>De Apostropho.</h2> + + +<p>Apostrophon, id est, aduersæ siue elisæ +vocalis notam cœperunt vtiliter iidem +<span class="pagenum"> -82- </span> +Typographi Græcos imitati adscribere, at no<span class="abbr">n</span> +vbique, quod tamen factum velim, eorundem +Græcorum exemplo. De hac autem nota certæ +sunt sequentes regulæ.</p> + +<p>Prima Regula. Omne <b>e</b> fœmininum sequente +quacunque vocali, eliditur in pronuntiatione, +vt <b>l'auaritieux, l'espee, l'ingrat, l'ouurier,</b> +& sequente <b>h</b> quiescente <b>l'homme: l'huis: la +femm'auaritieuse, la fauls'obeissance, la mauuais'inuention, +ce qu'on dit.</b> Magnum igitur vitium +est istam elisionem non obseruare, quod +in versibus inprimis sine exceptione obseruatur: +in quibus nullus est <b>e</b> fœmineo locus, vel +in quarta syllaba, si versus decem fuerint syllabarum, +vel in sexta si fuerint Hexametri, quos +vulgo Alexandrinos appellant. Et generaliter +in omni Francicorum carminum genere <b>e</b> +fœmineum in vltima versus syllaba pro nihilo +habetur.</p> + +<p>Secu<span class="abbr">n</span>da Regula. <b>a</b> in articulo <b>la</b> ante eande<span class="abbr">m</span> +vel alia<span class="abbr">m</span> vocale<span class="abbr">m</span> eliditur, vt <b>l'auarice, l'espee, l'ignorance, +l'auenture, l'vmbre, l'hostèsse.</b> Ide<span class="abbr">m</span> maiores +nostri faciebant in possessiuis pronominibus +<b>ma, ta, sa,</b> vt <b>m'espee, s'espee,</b> vt adhuc +loquu<span class="abbr">n</span>tur Sabaudi. Sic in veteribus sepulchris +sæpissimè legitur <b>s'ame.</b> Immò adhuc hodie +dicitur <b>m'amie, s'amie, m'amour.</b> Sed vsus obtinuit +vt in cæteris dictionibus potius vsurpetur +solæcismus, substitutis pronominibus +masculinis, <b>mon, ton, son,</b> vt <b>mon espee, mon hostèsse, +son auarice, son ignorance.</b></p> + +<p>Tertia Regula. <b>i</b> nunquam eliditur nisi ante +<span class="pagenum"> -83- </span> +pronomen <b>il,</b> vt <b>s'il vient</b> pro <b>si il.</b> Malè igitur +Lugdunenses <b>ce qu'est,</b> pro <b>ce qui est, s'on</b> +pro <b>si on,</b> quo tamen abusus sum ego licentia +poëtica in Psalmorum interpretatione. +V verò & <b>u</b> nunquam eliduntur. Sic Marotus, +<b>s'ainsi</b> pro <b>si ainsi.</b></p> + +<p>Obseruandum est autem peculiariter fœmininum +adiectiuum <b>grande,</b> in quo <b>e,</b> consueuit +etiam ante consonantes elidi, vt <b>vne grand +besongne, vne grand' chose, vne grand' femme, +vne grand' meschanceté.</b></p> + + + + +<h2>De Aphæresi, Syncopa & Apocopa.</h2> + + +<p>Aphæresi non vtuntur Franci, quantum +nunc quidem possum meminisse. Illam +enim Prouincialium Aphæresim <b>Dieu nous +pelle, s</b> quoque putidè pronuntiata pro <b>Dieu +nous appelle,</b> nemo Francus emendatè loquens +patienter tulerit.</p> + +<p>Syncopa in nonnullis vocabulis est vsitata, +vt <b>donra,</b> pro <b>donnera, amèrra</b> pro <b>amènera: +emprise</b> pro <b>entreprise: ouent,</b> pro <b>osteuent.</b> Sed +<b>baurra</b> pro <b>baillera,</b> proprium est Parisiensium +vulgo. Sic in quibusdam futuris verborum +exteritur <b>e,</b> vt <b>envoîrai, ennuîrai, essuîrai, loûrai,</b> +pro integris <b>enuoijerai, ennuijerai, essuijerai, louerai,</b> +quæ regularia sunt ab infinitis, <b>envoier, +ennuier, essuier, louer.</b> Neque mihi dubium +est quin futura <b>recevrai, apercevrai, aurai,</b> ab +infinitis <b>recevoir, apercevoir, avoir,</b> fuerint +<span class="pagenum"> -84- </span> +initio <b>recevrai, appercevrai, averai,</b> et siqua sunt +alia huiusmodi.</p> + +<p>Apocopa verò vtimur etiam vulgo in quibusdam, +vt <b>a'vous,</b> pro <b>auez-vous? sa'vous,</b> +pro <b>savez-vous?</b> Illud autem <b>aga</b> pro <b>regarde,</b> +& <b>agardez</b> pro <b>regardez</b> Parisiensum vulgo relinquitur. +Sed de istis hactenus.</p> + + +<div class="trnote"><h2>NOTES SUR LA TRANSCRIPTION</h2> + +<h3>Conventions</h3> + +<p>On a représenté en caractères gras le texte composé en «lettres françoises» +(police cursive dite aussi «Civilité»). +On a utilisé les conventions suivantes pour les cursives:</p> + +<h4>Convention pour les <i>e</i>:</h4> + +<ul><li>Normalement en Civilité l'<i>e</i> a une forme différente (<i>e</i> final) +lorsqu'il figure en fin de mot. +Cet <i>e</i> final placé en fin de mot est transcrit simplement par <b>e.</b></li> + +<li>L'auteur a également utilisé l'<i>e</i> final en début ou milieu de mot pour +représenter un son particulier (<i>e</i> ouvert?). Dans ce cas il est +transcrit par <b>è.</b></li> + +<li>À l'inverse, on a transcrit par <b>é</b> l'<i>e</i> ordinaire +placé en fin +de mot, y compris dans les rares cas (inattention de l'imprimeur?) +où cela ne correspond probablement pas à un <i>e</i> fermé.</li> + +<li>Enfin, un troisième <i>e</i> +a été représenté en italiques <b><i>e</i></b>.</li></ul> + +<h4>Convention pour les <i>i/j</i>:</h4> + +<p> On a transcrit par <b>i</b> l'<i>i</i> court +et par <b><i>i</i></b> l'<i>i</i> long, +bien que ces deux variantes soient utilisées apparemment indifféremment. +On a réservé le <b>j</b> pour représenter le «i consonne» noté dans l'original +par un 'j' en caractère romain.</p> + +<p>Les autres variantes de la police Civilité, qui nous ont semblé purement +esthétiques, sont transcrites toutes par la même lettre (ce qui explique +les répétitions figurant dans la transcription, l'original comportant +différentes variantes pour la même lettre).</p> + +<p>On a résolu les abréviations conventionnelles latines en ajoutant les +lettres abrégées ainsi: Nã => Na<span class="abbr">m</span>.</p> + + +<h3>Corrections</h3> + +<p>On a corrigé les coquilles probables suivantes:</p> + +<ul> +<li>p. 9: inuentute > iuuentute<br> + PPrimùm > Primùm</li> +<li>p. 13: <b>gn</b> > <b>gm</b><br> + aperrum > apertum</li> +<li>p. 15: <b>Ceens</b> > <b>leens</b></li> +<li>p. 20: <b>commeneça</b> > <b>commençea</b></li> +<li>p. 24: <b>lang<i>i</i>ir</b> > <b>lanjir</b></li> +<li>p. 29: natium > natiuum<br> + articuculo > articulo</li> +<li>p. 32: cousueuisse > consueuisse<br> + interiectioninibus > interiectionibus</li> +<li>p. 34: veré > verè<br> + floc > flor</li> +<li>p. 42: nonosyllaba > monosyllaba</li> +<li>p. 47: <b>len</b> > <b>leu</b></li> +<li>p. 48: ante <b>i</b> > ante <b>u</b></li> +<li>p. 53: <b>biele</b> > <b>viele</b></li> +<li>p. 55: <b>g</b> > <b>c</b></li> +<li>p. 62: sciptum > scriptum<br> + verteres > veteres</li> +<li>p. 66: scribunt > Scribunt</li> +<li>p. 67: <b>herologe</b> > <b>horologe</b><br> + <b>horocospe</b> > <b>horoscope</b></li> +<li>p. 72: Italibo > Italico<br> + <b>bastonrde</b> (peu lisible) > <b>bastonade</b><br> + uua > qua<br> + sinat > sonat</li> +<li>p. 76: <span class="grec" title="homoiotleutois">ὁμοιοτλεύτοις</span> + > <span class="grec" title="homoioteleutois">ὁμοιοτελεύτοις</span></li> +<li>p. 77: u<span class="abbr">n</span>tc > tu<span class="abbr">n</span>c</li> +<li>p. 78: <b>consomue</b> > <b>consomme</b><br> + <b>iotter</b> > <b>iouer</b></li> +<li>p. 79: <b>su</b> > <b>sn</b><br> + <b>alésne</b> <span class="ryth">|u-u-u|</span> > <b>alésne</b> <span class="ryth">|u-u|</span></li> +<li>p. 83: Lud unenses > Lugdunenses</li> +<li>p. 84: sa'vez-vous > savez-vous</li> +</ul> + +<p>Les problèmes de ponctuation et de lettres imprimées à l'envers +ont été corrigés sans mention particulière.</p> + +<p>Par ailleurs on signale que les mots suivants, très peu lisibles, +sont d'une reconstitution hypothétique.</p> + +<ul> +<li>p. 22: <b>rigue</b></li> +<li>p. 68: <b>hotee</b></li> +<li>p. 69: une lettre illisible (t?) après <b>sou</b></li> +<li>p. 82: <b>son auarice</b></li> +</ul> + +</div> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of De francicae linguae recta +pronuntiatione, by Théodore de Bèze + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DE FRANCICAE LINGUAE RECTA *** + +***** This file should be named 22368-h.htm or 22368-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/2/2/3/6/22368/ + +Produced by Laurent Vogel and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was +produced from images generously made available by the +Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF/Gallica) at +http://gallica.bnf.fr) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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